I LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 0D0205b4032 r AN ^mmom §rcrwrraran# jidianarg OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE; IN WHICH VARIABLE, CONTESTED, AND DIFFICULT SPELLINGS ARE DESIGNATED; AND IRREGULAR INFLECTIONS PRIMARY AND SECONDARY ACCENTS, APPROPRIATE PREPOSITIONS, CORRESPONDING CONJUNCTIONS AND ADVERBS, AND NUMEROUS REFERENCES TO WRITINGS OF STANDARD MERIT, ARE INSERTED : AND TO WHICH ARE APPENDED DEFINITIONS OF GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES AND PROPER NAMES OP PERSONS, TRANSLATIONS OF FOREIGN PHRASES, RULES FOR SPELLING, LISTS CONTRASTING THE CONSERVATIVE AND WEBSTERIAN ORTHOGRAPHIES, AND A COLLECTION OF PROVERBS AND MAXIMS. ALEXAKDEB H. LAIDLAW, A.M. PHILADELPHIA: CRISSY & MARKLEY, GOLDSMITHS' HALL, LIBRARY STREET. CHARLES DESILVER, 714 CHESTNUT ST. •?£ 3 Entered according to Act of Congress, in the year 1859, by CRISSY & MARKLEY, in the Clerks Office of the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of Pennsylvania. STEREOTYPED BY L. JOHNSON & CO. PHILADELPHIA. KING & BAIRD, PRINTERS. PREFACE. The original plan of this work embraced the in- troduction of matter to answer the fit demands of inquirers in every department of English lexicogra- phy. Before the book was far advanced, the idea of presenting information of obsolete words, of technical terms, and of etymology, was abandoned. The first-mentioned subject was resigned without much debate. There appeared, from the beginning, to be something amiss in the idea that words which had been consigned to oblivion by the great masters of our literature, should be introduced into a work prepared expressly to impress the mind of youth, the majority of whom will leave school and dictionary behind them before they will have exhausted the twentieth part of the living language of our time, — before they can even have been taught to call familiarly the names of one-half the words that live within the book and volume of the world's throbbing brain; that walk up and down, as things of life, through the world's swarming thoroughfares of thought, that startle the ear into attention to the notes of life's million-voiced chorus, and that leap into the eyes from the daily-multiplied, omnipresent, fresh, wet page of the press. A further consideration made it seem absurd to desecrate the graves of litera- ture by unearthing the carcasses of words dead in letter and in spirit, galvanizing them into a spasmod- ic stagger, causing them, phoenix-like, to rise from ashes, yet not from inherent vigor, nor for a flight of ages, but merely to sink again, dry, bloodless, and un- fleshed, into the ashes of their origin; to parade them before the eyes of our children,— those to whom living words will be as living things, helpers, powers, depu- ties, friends, and to whom dead words will be as dead things, neglected, forgotten, or offensive, in the dust of their decay. Indeed, reflection made the idea swell, from the contemptible figure of an ab- surdity, almost to the fearful dimensions of a crime. Let us rather, while acting in, with, and for "the living Present," "Let the dead Past bury its dead" of every branch of knowledge j and let us feel it to be our duty, one of the inalienable offices of our stewardship, so to direct our youth from the rills to the river, and from the river to the Ocean of Lan- guage, that, when they snatch a pebble from the brook, it will not be such a one as they should throw back again ; so that, when they bring up a pearl from the bottom of the deep, it will prove to be one of beauty or of great price, worthy of the immortality it must share with the being that bears it. Technical terms were omitted on account of the limited benefits a knowledge of them would confer ; but the department of etymology was cast aside with regret and disappointment. The production of a system of etymology which, harmonizing with the usual alphabetical arrange- ment of a dictionary, would interpenetrate without disturbing it, and which would be capable of being divided without being mutilated, is certainly the greatest desideratum that is left for the genius of a 3 4 PREFACE. lexicographer to consummate. Such a system has not been presented in any work extant. It has been repeatedly hinted at, but all attempts to realize it are marred by blighting irregularities : in them the grand scope of etymology is suppressed, the force of its broadest analogies crippled, and the unity of its impression and design demolished. Fragmentary, impotent, and maimed, they stand, in comparison with an isolated, exclusive, and sys- tematized etymology, but as the feeble blush of a thousand scattered stars, compared to the far-striking blaze of a single, sovereign, splendor-shedding sun. After much fruitless research, and many vain efforts to ingraft a perfect system of etymology upon the stock of a convenient dictionary, a belief has been growing upon me that the scheme is impracti- cable, the idea Utopian; because it appears that t^ie classification by radicals, the collocation of groups, alliances, and families, essential to the pro- per exhibition of the truths of the one, are incompa- tible with the alphabetical order and the individuality of words which are inseparable from the other. It follows, then, that etymology is properly taught, and most profitably studied, by the use of specific text-books; and to them those who desire to pursue that study are referred. There is yet another class of words that has been omitted. This book is not only intended to display a language : it has also been fitted to enter the school- house, and to become a companion of teacher and pupil; to enter the homes of the people, and to become a friend at the fireside: hence it has been deemed judicious to give it the same title to a welcome that should be demanded of a human being, namely; a decent appearance without, and, above all, a pure and innocent character within. In order to secure this title, words that parents should not like to hear come from the lips of a child — those that cannot openly, and at all times, every where, be used by men and women, leaving to the former dignity, and to the latter a fair name — have been almost totally disregarded. A concise statement of all that has been deemed worthy of insertion is given in the "Synopsis of Contents/' As there indicated, and as exhibited throughout the work itself, the claim that this book has to receive some attention from contemporary students and writers of our language, is not based alone upon the fact that many serviceable words and unexceptionable significations, which have been omitted in other vocabularies, have in it received a place. It will be observed that uses heretofore un- developed have been found for a school-dictionary ; that it is made a select Speller's Manual, and an Aid to English Composition, as well as a definer; that the scope of the book embraces, besides a supply of the most acceptable forms and expressions, and the true definitions of words, a full display of all irregu- larities in the formation of participles and tenses of verbs, declensions of nouns and pronouns, compari- sons of adjectives and adverbs, and, when occasion permits or demands, a presentation of appropriate prepositions, corresponding conjunctions and ad- verbs, references to illustrations of the use of words by writers of recognized merit, or notes informing of their origin, present use, fitness, or proper province. Thus are brought before the eye of a pupil nearly all of the elements necessary to enable him to construct sentences with accuracy and strength. A full explanation of the proper method of using this manual is presented in the Introduction. It may, however, be proper here to state that when the pronunciation of a word is made to vary from that indicated by any British lexicographer, the deviation is made out of respect to the usual pronunciation in the United States, which is as worthy of record as a different pronunciation of a smaller number of a similar class of speakers on the eastern side PREFACE. of the Atlantic; and whenever the author in this respect differs from Webster or Worcester, he does it to give a voice to millions in the Middle, Southern, and Western States, who have a claim equal to that of inhabitants of New England to have their prefer- ences regarded. On account of the first position defined in the last sentence, and for the purpose of localizing the author and the point of view from which his picture of the language has been deli- neated, the work has been called "An American Pronouncing Dictionary." The Contrasted Spellings introduced in the Ap- pendix have been selected from a copy of Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, published in 1852, and from one of Worcester's Universal and Critical Dictionary, published in 1858. These are, beyond dispute, the best authorities that could be adduced by the advo- cates of either system of orthography. The contrast is made without any display of partiality or even of preference, except so far as the idiom, the grammar, or the analogies of our language fully warrant. No charge is made against the system of either author that his best work will not sus- tain; and no virtue is credited that truth or fair- ness does not demand. All that is aimed at is, to give a correct and complete view of the whole ques- tion of differences between the great rival systems of ir time, and to exhibit to those interested what no work yet issued does, — the whole length and breadth of this subject, about which so many inquire and speak, and so few are well informed ; and of which many must have continued to be ignorant, unless some other "harmless drudge" would have assumed this task at the expense of his patience and time. If this exposition becomes, as it may, a bridge on which the advocates of both sides may meet to com- promise, and to forget the bitter waters that now roll between, the sole aim, the highest hope, of the com- piler of this table will be realized. He wishes at least to register his desire to behold a unanimity of sentiment and a harmony of affection displayed toward some single standard form of that language in which more than sixty millions of the human race read the inspirations of Jehovah, — in which Milton has crystallized an immortality, and Shakspeare has epitomized the world. Every year the line of demarcation between the forms of the words of the English language and those of the languages which most generously feed it becomes fainter, the number of exceptions to our idiomatic rules increases, and the question must soon be decided whether our native tongue is to be the master of the aliens it adopts, or whether it is to be mastered by them. Imagine a host of nearly one hundred thousand words, made up of Saxon veterans that have survived the heptarch's vanished sway, phalanxes wrested from the legions of classic Greece and Rome, janizaries from the squadrons of the tur- baned Turk, warriors from the forces of the Father- land, cavaliers from the lists of courtly Spain, con- scripts from the fiery troops of France, braves from the Indian fields of fame, sheiks from Arabia's burning sands, and contingents from fifty tributary climes, thrust together without law, undisciplined, unnatu- ralized, unacclimated, kept together without assimi- lation, irregular and wild to exuberance, and you will imagine a host very much like that which an English writer must command when he goes forth to to fight the battles of Truth. Our language is in a condition far from bespeaking that those who use it are either order-loving or logical; and it is fast approaching a state of confusion, if it has not already arrived at it, which must throw discredit as it casts deformity upon the vernacular speech of a literary people. The reconstruction of English orthography, so that spelling would cease to be the incubus it is, and so that the time spent in mastering a knowledge of PREFACE. the mere frames of words could be spent in contem- plating the ideal pictures they contain, or in holding converse with the spirits that inhabit them; and the establishment of a set of principles to be applied to the conforming of foreign words to the English idiom immediately upon their adoption, so that the encroachments of this greatest of corrupting agents would be checked, are objects which highly deserve the serious attention of an interested and reformative people, and which are well worthy of a sacrifice of more than one lifetime. But it would be presump- tuous for a single mind, around whose brow no early laurels cluster, to assume the dictatorship to a nation upon a question which a life of three-score years and ten is too short to exhaust, — upon a subject which any mental condition short of inspiration is too con- tracted to view in its manifold relations. That is a work proper for a congress or academy of men, com- posed of representatives of every view of which the question is capable; some deeply versed in foreign tongues, and others familiar with our own. The decisions of such a body would be universally respected, its recommendations implicitly followed, and a reformation instituted by it would become a permanent reform. Much of the merit possessed by this work is due to assistance received from Edward Gideon, A.M., William Stirling, A.M., and Thomas Shearer, M.D. Without being responsible in any way for faults or defects, they deserve a large share of any credit that may be bestowed upon it. Mr. Gideon aided in the construction of definitions, Mr. Stirling in planning and compiling the tables of the Appendix, and Dr. Shearer in revising medical terms and their defi- nitions. A. H. L. Philadelphia, March, 1859. SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS. I. Explanatory Introduction 9 II. Abbreviations and Signs used in this Work 16 DICTIONARY. III. Definitions of nearly 40,000 Classified Words. IV. Pronunciations, with Primary and Secondary Accents. V. All Irregular Inflections; and Derivative Words in which the Primitives become modified, as in the Formation of Plurals, Declensions, Comparisons, Tenses, and Participles. VI. 10,000 Starred Words of Difficult or Peculiar Orthography, which, considered independently, constitute a Thorough and Select Spelling-Book. VII. Variable and Contested Spellings and Pronunciations. VIII. A very copious Collection of Appropriate Prepositions and Corresponding Conjunctions and Adverbs. IX. References to Writings of Authors of Standard Merit to illustrate the Use of 3500 Words which can be made an effective Aid in teaching Composition. X. Initial Abbreviations used in Writing and Printing. XL Names of the Letters of the English Alphabet and the Proper Spellings of their Plurals. XII. Explanatory Notes , 17 7 SYNOPSIS OF CONTENTS. APPENDIX. XIII. Pronunciation and Signification of Modern Geographical Names 561 XIV. Signification of the Proper Names of Persons 573 XV. Hints to Spellers, embracing Rules and their Exceptions, and Contrasts of the Websterian and Conservative Systems of Orthography 581 XVI. Translations of Foreign Words and Phrases 591 XVII. Proverbs and Maxims 597 INTRODUCTION EXPLAINING THE USES OF THIS BOOK. The subjects treated of in this Introduction, in the order observed, are as follows : — I. Orthography. II. Pronunciation and Accent. III. Parts op Speech and Inflections. IV. Definitions. V. Appropriate Prepositions, and Corre- sponding Conjunctions and Adverbs. VI. Illustrations of the Use of Words. VII. Miscellanies. I.— ORTHOGRAPHY. In this department the views of no lexicographer have been insisted upon to the exclusion of the opinions of others, or of the authority of usage. All words of variable orthography are given in every form in which they are accepted as correct by a large class of respectable and recent authors. By this means differences are exhibited and inquirers are aided in making a judicious choice. The preferences of "Webster, whether regarded as desirable improvements or unwarrantable innova- tions, have gained so firm a footing in the literature of America and Great Britain, that a plan for exhib- iting the recognized varieties in the forms of our words which ignored their existence, would be par- tial and imperfect. They have not only been in- serted in their proper place side by side with their conservative correspondents, but a systematized contrast of all the differences between the rival systems has been inserted in the APPENDIX. The asterisk [ * ] is used for the purpose of making this book a Select Speller. This is ac- complished by placing it beside words of difficult, peculiar, or contested spellings ,* and, by limiting their tasks to the starred words, teachers will be enabled to instruct in all the difficult and anomalous orthographies of our language. Learners will thus be saved the time which is often so unprofitably spent upon words of simple construction, or upon those that can be spelled from their pronunciation ; as, handmill and revolution. This desirable feature distinguishes this dictionary from every other, and the collection of words to which atten- tion is invited is deemed superior to that presented in any spelling-book, because it embraces every cur- rent word of our language in every recognized form. As far as the letter K, the asterisks have repeat- edly been placed beside words which have been inflected or compounded by a regular and slight change in the primitive word; as, appositeness, inconsistencies, arguing, forcing. Scholars familiar with the Rules for Spelling, and who have mastered all such words from A to K, will be able 10 INTRODUCTION. to treat properly all succeeding similar ones. Hence, from page 290 to tho end, the asterisks are almost exclusively applied to words which are diffi- cult, rare, or alien. The whole number of starred words is 10,000. Of these, nearly 6000 occur before page 290, and more than 4000 after it. The number can be lessened at pleasure for advanced classes, or upon reviewing, by marking over with pen or pencil the asterisks of those words which are to be neglected. The asterisks are not intended to mark that spell- ing which is preferred by the author, but almost without exception they distinguish that which is usually written. Compound words, as house-top, lady-like, which retain the meanings of the simple words of which they are composed, have not been inserted in the text. The simple parts which constitute compound words, and which are always in composition prop- erly separated by a hyphen, are made to begin with a eapital, and are separated by an en-dash [ - ] ; as, Canary-Bird. Compounds whose parts are not separated by a hyphen have a capital only at the beginning; as, Canebrake. The two classes are by that means distinguished. Scholars should be made to understand that the capitals of compounds are no more invariable than the capitals with which simple words are made to begin in dictionaries; that the same rules which require the simple word Friday to begin with a capital, require the com- pound Good-Friday to have both of its parts begin with one ; and that under the same circumstances, both bird and humming-bird would be written without a capital. The capital is also used in derivative words which by some writers are made to accept of a hyphen between their parts, and which by others are marked by a diaeresis ; as, Pre- Eminent or Preeminent. In English composition the diaeresis should be discarded as superfluous. The Hints to Spellers will prove most service- able to those who memorize them at the commence- ment of their studies. These Hints, the lists of Geographical Names and Proper Names of Persons complete the scheme for exhibiting English spelling and pronunciation. II.— PRONUNCIATION AND ACCENT. The scheme for exhibiting pronunciation and accent is given at length on page 16. The method by numbered vowels has been preferred on account of the simplicity of its application and the ease with which it can be memorized. All well authorized pronunciations of a word are indicated in the order of their acceptability. In a dictionary that omits etymology, the only object for separating words into syllables is to show the fragments into which words are broken by utterance; hence, agreeably to the rule of Dr. Lowth, they have been separated "as naturally divided in a right pronunciation without regard to derivation." Accent is a stress of voice laid upon one or more syllables of a word to distinguish them from other syllables. Every word of more than one syllable has at least one accent. There are two accents, the Primary and the Secondary. The Primary accent is the greatest stress of voice laid upon any syllable of a word. In this work the syllable on which it is placed is distinguished by the acute accent [ ' ] ; as, ban! in ban'ish. The Secondary accent is a stress of voice subor- dinate to the Primary accent, and more forcible than the utterance of unaccented syllables. The syllable on which it is placed is distinguished by the grave accent [ N ] ; as s ment in ban'isfrment. INTRODUCTION. 11 It should be observed that in this work the mark of accent is always made to point to the syllable on which it is placed. In dictionaries which are masterly and minute in other respects the secondary accent has usually been omitted. The above-mentioned method for marking it is the invention of Lyman Cobb, who, while treat- ing of this subject, says: — "It is of the utmost importance that the second- ary accent be properly placed. This is fixed with as much certainty as the place of the principal ac- cent itself; and a wrong position of one would as much derange the sound of a word as a wrong position of the other." The insufficiency of the plan which marks the pri- mary accent alone, for conveying a complete view of the accentuation of a word, is made clear by an examination of the marking of words like the fol- lowing, as presented in our most voluminous dic- tionaries : — ir-ref-ra-ga-bil'i-ty, eye'ser-vant, os'cil-la-tor-y, vi-tu-per-a'tion. When the secondary accent is inserted, they are written, — irYef-ra-ga-bilTty, eye'^ser-vant, os'cil-la v tor-y, vi N tu-per-a'tion. III.— PARTS OF SPEECH AND INFLEC- TIONS. The names of the parts of speech are fully dis- played, beside the abbreviations which stand for them, on page 16. They are those adopted by a vast majority of grammarians. That class of words of which my is a type, about which pugnacious classifiers have so much and so fruitlessly disputed, is indicated by the abbreviation pro. or a., meaning pronoun or adjective, pronominal adjective, or possessive adjective pronoun, as one prefers or pleases. Repeated reference is made to Brown's "Grammar of English Grammars," in which the whole discussion is elaborately and fairly drawn up in the space of six closely-printed pages, commencing on page 314. All plurals of nouns, declensions of pronouns, participles of verbs, and comparisons of adjectives and adverbs, which are irregularly constructed, are entered beside the words from which they are formed, and also in their alphabetical position. The regular inflection is usually inserted when its spelling is worthy of note. Much time has been spent in compiling and determining the irregulari- ties of verbs, and those inserted are believed to exceed in number, and to equal in reliability, the collection of any other work yet published. Inflections which have been omitted may be obtained by giving heed to the following direc- tions : — I. Form the plural of a noun by adding s to th$ singular. II. Form present participles by affixing ing to the verb. III. Form perfect participles by affixing ed to the verb. IV. Form the comparative degree of adjectives or adverbs, 1. By placing more or less before the positive. 2. By affixing er to the positive. V. Form the superlative degree of adjectives or adverbs, 1. By placing most or least before the positive. 2. By affixing est to the positive. The second rules for constructing comparatives and superlatives are applicable to monosyllables and to dissyllables ending in e, y, and w ; the first apply to nearly all comparable adjectives or adverbs. INTRODUCTION. In the variations of nouns, adjectives, adverbs, and verbs, final consonants are doubled, final y is changed into i, and final e is omitted agreeably to the rules for spelling. When the third person, sin- gular, of the present tense of a verb, is formed from the infinitive present by any other method than the simple addition of s, the orthography is shown after the abbreviation prs. U 3. Nouns and pronouns are usually defined in the singular number and nominative case ; verbs, in the infinitive mood and present tense; adjectives and adverbs, in the positive degree. IV.— DEFINITIONS. The definitions are usually clausal, being pre- sented in words of sufficient number to convey a clear impression of the import of the word defined. When a single word is offered as a definition, it is a synonyme, which, if it has not a well-known mean- ing, will be found defined at length in its proper place. The plan upon which some of the definitions have been constructed, and the method of obtaining, in certain cases, the true meaning of words, can be best exhibited by explaining a few typical exam- ples. The first selections for this purpose are Dis- pensatory and Pharmacopceia, which are thus defined : — Dispensatory, n. A book in which the compo- sition of medicines is described; a pharmacopoeia. Pharmacopceia, n. A dispensatory. After dispensatory is found the full definition of both terms : first a clausal or descriptive definition is given, and then a synonyme. After pharmaco- pceia the synonyme " dispensatory" alone is given, with the understanding that scholars are required to define synonymous definitions. That require- ment would prompt them to refer to dispensatory, after which the proper definition of pharmacopceia is to be found. The second selections are Entomologist and Disconsolately, which are thus defined : — Entomologist, n. One versed in entomology. Disconsolately, ad. In a disconsolate manner. These are specimens of a kind of definitions which has been much abused by those who are ignorant of the means of obtaining the definition desired. In the definitions, "entomology" and "disconsolate" are merely inserted as key-words to the proper defi- nition ; and pupils should be required to insert the definition of "entomology" and "disconsolate" instead of those words ; thus, — Entomologist, n. One versed in "the Natural History of insects." Disconsolately, ad. In a "comfortless, hopeless, or melancholy" manner. The definition to be substituted is usually found upon the same page as that in which it should be inserted. The question might be asked, Why is not the full definition given in the text ? The answer is, that if every word deserving of a place were fully de- fined, the work would be doubled in size and price. Nearly all other definitions, excepting the classes explained above, are complete in themselves. As many as possible are made both descriptive and synonymous. The descriptive definition should be preferred in recitations; the synonymous are ser- viceable for obtaining copiousness of expression. Very often even the plainest definition that can be made requires to be illustrated. A sentence illustrating the use of the word is in such a case necessary to convey a knowledge of its meaning. See "Illustrations of the Use of Words," page 13. INTRODUCTION. 13 V.— APPROPRIATE PREPOSITIONS, COR- RESPONDING CONJUNCTIONS, AND ADVERBS. The appropriate preposition of a word is a prepo- sition by which it should almost invariably be fol- lowed. It will be found placed in a parenthesis after the definition of the word which it follows, introduced by the abbreviation ap. p. Many words of several meanings have an appropriate preposition for each sense, or for but one sense : in such cases, the distinct use of the preposition is indicated as far as it is possible to do so. Sometimes adverbs are used after the manner of appropriate preposi- tions. They are distinguished by being printed in italics. This subject appears to have been lightly valued by grammarians and lexicographers. Each seems to have considered it within the peculiar province of the other, and both have neglected it. Since the effect of subjoining a preposition is often to change the sense of the word which precedes it, the definer of words, as much as the constructer of sentences, should be expected to give this kind of information. The following sentences illustrate the total change of meaning sometimes effected by subjoining prepo- sitions : — He cast the account out of doors, He cast up the account out of doors. I will dispense medicines, I will dispense with medicines. It is worthy of note that a preposition which com- pounds with a verb or an adjective, usually com- pounds with a noun derived from it ; and vice versa. A corresponding conjunction or adverb is one which, when used in a sentence, requires a certain other conjunction or adverb to be used before com- pleting the sense. Though words of this kind are not numerous, they have been deemed well worthy of attention. They are inserted after the abbrevia- tions cor. c. and cor. ad. It is strange that a subject so clearly important should have been almost entirely neglected, even in rudimentary dictionaries and grammars, and still more strange that in such works many pages should be devoted to rules and expressions for the purpose of imparting a smattering of foreign tongues, while no mention is made of a matter so essential to a thorough knowledge of our own. VI.— ILLUSTRATIONS OF THE USE OF WORDS. In order to gather the information to be conveyed in this branch of the dictionary, either teacher or scholar should have at command a copy of " Hart's Class-Book of Prose," or one of "Emerson's First Class Reader." In the " Class-Book of Prose," the references are made to selections from the writings of Addison, Pope, Johnson, Blair, Junius, Franklin, Washington, Jefferson, Wirt, Irving, Bancroft, Sparks, and to twenty-four other standard authors of Great Britain and America. The writers whose pieces are re- ferred to, are the more modern of those noticed in the Class-Book, and consequently they are the more likely to construe and use words as they are now construed and applied. The earliest of these writers wrote about the end of the seventeenth century ; the latest are still writing. The references com- mence at page 163, and continue to page 384, — the end of the Class-Book. In "Emerson's First Class Reader," references are made to extracts from page 15 to page 100. These extracts are in prose and verse, and are selected from the works of Howitt, Chalmers, Scott, Croly, Johnson, Brougham, Daniel Webster, Everett, 14 INTRODUCTION. Jefferson, Irving, Paulding,Cooper, Bryant, Percival, Shakspeare, Longfellow, Bird, and forty-five others, American and British. With very few exceptions, the extracts were written in the present century. The references are inserted in brackets at the end of the definitions of those words for the use of which they furnish an illustration. The brackets include both page and line; thus, [262-18] is read 262d page, 18th line : and [71-8] is read 71st page and 8th line. When the page exceeds 160, the reference is made to "Hart's Class-Book of Prose ;" when the page is less than 160, to " Emerson's First Class Reader." The first reference [262-18], which in this work, on page 18, is placed after the definition of abhorrence, (the page being above 160,) is intended to convey the information that in "Hart's Class-Book of Prose," on the 262d page, and in the 18th line, an illustration of the use of the word abhorrence will be found. The second reference [71-8], which is found on page 18, inserted after the word abode, (the page being less than 160,) refers to " Emerson's First Class Reader," 71st page and 8th line. In counting the lines, mere headings of chapters have been omitted. When a page alone is inserted as a reference, the illustration will be found in one of the last five lines of the page ; so that reference [259], found after abet, on page 18, directs to "Hart's Class-Book of Prose," page 259, and to one of the last five lines on the page. The various uses which these references will sub- serve will, in part, be made evident by a display of some of the matter referred to. Two words will be selected for this purpose ; namely, Individual and Influence. The first is thus defined : — Individual, n. A single being; a person [58-16] [381-21] : — a., separate from others ; single; one; relating to a single being. [65-8.] The passages referred to are the following : — [58-16.] If a polype has constructed the great submarine mountain of New Holland, the thousand tribes and myriads of individuals which inhabited the submarine Apennine, might as easily, far more easily, have formed that ridge. — Universal Review. [381-21.] The same qualities which raised him to the ascendency he possessed over the will of a nation, as the commander of armies and chief mag- istrate, caused him to be loved and respected as an individual. — Sparks, [65-8.] Who shall frame together the skilful architecture which unites national sovereignty with state rights, individual security, and public pros- perity ? — Daniel Webster. Influence is thus defined : — Influence, n. Moving or directive power; effect; sway ; bias (ap. p. — over, with, on, upon) [31] [236-4] : — v. t., to act upon with directive power; to persuade; to bias. [65-25.] The passages referred to follow : — [31.] The influence of the female character is now felt and acknowledged in all the relations of life. — Garter. [236-4.] His influence upon the literature of his age was almost unbounded. [65-25.] Let us hope that that fear of Heaven which expels all other fear, and that regard to duty which transcends all other regard, may influence public men and private citizens, and lead our coun- try still onward in her happy career. — Daniel Webster. The advantages of a dictionary with illustrative quotations are by this plan put within the reach of scholars, without multiplying books or without increasing the expense of their outfit. In the hands of those who may not desire to use the references as directed, they may render other service. It is never pretended that definitions of all the words contained in any dictionary are mas- INTRODUCTION. 15 tered even by the most talented pupils. There must be a selection for study. In making a selec- tion, words most often used which are least likely to be understood should be preferred; and there can be no better guide in making a judicious choice than a marked list of 3500 words which have recently been used in popular works by the masters of our literature. These references can be made a very effective aid in teaching English composition. In many of our schools there is practiced an excellent plan of dic- tating a number of words to be used by pupils in conveying a knowledge of some fact, or in narrating an incident. The difficulties which beginners usu- ally encounter in their efforts at composition, will be much lessened by selecting the simpler words which have references annexed, and requiring that the illustrations referred to be written out in full, and carefully read, before original combinations are attempted. They thus find a sentence for a model at the same time that they obtain a subject; and the efforts made to imitate the finished periods of select authors, will rapidly develop an elevation of tone and style that would otherwise be slowly, or perhaps never, acquired. There are many words whose use and meaning can only be well conveyed by quoting a phrase or sentence containing them; and the dictionary which omits all mention of illustrations comes at least that much short of what it should. The insertion of references in this book has added but two or three pages to its size and nothing to its price. Exclusive of their consideration, the work is prepared to stand upon its merits as a help to the practical teacher or a guide to the growing writer. Those who desire to use the references can avail themselves of one more convenience, and those who do not so desire will not have one less, than is usually supplied. VII.— MISCELLANIES. Initial Abbreviations which are much used in writing and printing, are explained after the com- ments upon their first initial letter; for instance, a.m. is explained under A, and m.d. under M. The Names of the Letters of the English Al- phabet, and the proper method of writing their plu- rals, are inserted in the comments upon each letter. Explanatory Notes are inserted to give essen- tial information which cannot be compressed to the compass of a brief definition. Geographical Names and their Significa- tions have been introduced for reasons mentioned on page 561. The Significations of the Proper Names of Persons have been inserted as a subject of interest. The list comprises Scriptural, Classical, German, Saxon, and other names. In the Hints to Spellers are inserted those rules which should be found in the head as well as fixed in the habit of an English scholar. The Hints also include a complete contrast of Conservative and Websterian spellings, with a display of the excellencies and defects of both systems. The Translations of Foreign Terms and Phrases are sufficiently noticed on page 691. Proverbs and Maxims have been introduced for various purposes. They will serve for texts upon which teachers can occasionally comment. They might be given as subjects for composition, or pre- sented in the form of questions for debate. They can be used as headings for pages of penmanship; and, for the accommodation of those who may de- sire so to use them, they have been arranged in alphabetical order. Only such sentences as convey a truth worth knowing, or contain a sentiment worth cherishing, have received a place. ABBREVIATIONS. a. stands for adjective. a. and pro. " " adjective and pronoun, or ad- jective pronoun. adverb. appropriate preposition. comparative degree. conjunction copulative. conjunction disjunctive. corresponding adverb. corresponding conjunction. interjection. noun. nominative case. objective case. ad. (t a op. p. :t a com tt a con. c. tt a con. d. ft ft cor. ad. ft a cor. c. a tt in. tt tt n. (( ft nom a a obj. tt (t pi. stands for plural number. p08. it " possessive case. p. prf. tt a participle perfect. p. pr8. tt ft participle present. prp. tt ft preposition. pro. tt ti pronoun. pro. or a. tt a pronoun or adjective, or adjec- tive pronoun. prs. t. 3 tt a present tense, third person,si« tar. represents the sound of a as in represents the sound of e as in represents the sound of i as in represents the sound of o as in fall. u fat. 61 me. M me't. th pine. TH pin. n6. g J m6ve. S n6t. > represents the sound of u as in { represent the sounds of oi and j ou as in [ represents the sound of th as in J represents the sound of g as in [ represents the sound of s as in tube, cube. tub. bull. dil. pMnd. thm. THis. gone. gem(j^m). sin. rose(r6ze). ASTERISK, REFERENCES, INFLECTIONS, ABBREVIATIONS. •35- Prefixed to words the spelling of which is pecu- liar or difiicult. When different spellings are given, the asterisk is placed beside that form which is in most extensive use. See under Orthography, in the Introduction. [160 upwards] Refers to an illustration of the use of a word in " Hart's Class-Book of Prose." [160 downwards] Refers to an illustration in " Emerson's First Class Reader." The first num- ber inserted in brackets is the number of a page ; the second is the number of the line in which the word referred to will be found. When a page alone is enclosed in brackets, the word will be 16 found in one of the last five lines of that page. See Illustrations of the Use of Words, in the Introduction. [Inflections.] When the inflections of a verb are inserted in brackets the first word inserted is the form of the past tense and the other is that of the perfect participle. In inflections of adjectives and adverbs, the first inserted is the comparative degree, and the other is the superlative. Abbreviations used in writing and printing are explained after the comments upon their first initial letter ; for example, n.b. is explained under N, a.b. under A. AN AMERICAN PRONOUNCING DICTIONARY OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE. SCHEME OF THE VOWELS. Fate, far, fall, fat — md> mit — pine, pin — n6, m&ve, ndr, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, THis. A (a), n. The first letter of the alphabet is a vowel; its name is written A, the plural of which is Aes. It is much used as an abbreviation. A. stands for an- swer, accepted, and for some proper names of persons. A.B. stand for Artium Baccalaureus (Bachelor of Arts); A.C. for ante Christum (before Christ); A.D. for anno Domini (in the year of our Lord) ; A.L. for anno lucis (in the year of light); A.M. for anno mundi (in the year of the world), also for Artium Magister (Master of Arts), and for ante meridiem (before noon); and A.U.C. for anno urbis conditse (in the year after the building of the city [Rome]). A (a), indefinite article. One (un- emphatic) ; any : — prp., on, in. to, at ; as, a hunting, a ripening. jg^t* Before words which begin with a vowel sound the article a is written an. B ABA A-back (a-bak'), ad. Backwards. Ab-a-cus (ab'a^kus), n. The high- est member of a column ; an in- strument used in calculating. Ab-a-ci (ab'a N se), j , Ab-a-cus-es (ab'a'kiis-lz), J n '& • A-baft (a-bafY), ad. From the prow or stem of a ship towards the stern. A-ban-don (a-ban'dun), v. t. To give up utterly; to forsake; to desert; to quit; to relinquish; to renounce; to forswear. [193.] A-ban'don-ed, p. prf. : — a., given up ; corrupted in the highest de- gree, (ap. p. — to.) A-BAN-DON-MENT(a-ban / dun > me ! nt), n. The act of giving up ; deser- tion, relinquishment, (ap.p. — of.) [95-35.J [373.] A-base (a-base r ), v. t. To bring low in position, spirit, or character; to cast down, to depress; to degrade. *A-ba'sing, p. prs. A-base-ment (a-base'ment), n The state of being brought low humiliation. [372-15.] 2* ABB A-bash (a-bash'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, abashes.] To make ashamed; to confound ; to confuse. A-bate (a-bate'), v. t. To lessen ; to diminish ; to destroy; to remit ; to annul [229-19] : — v. i., to grow less ; to subside ; to fail. *A-ba'ting, p. prs. A-bate-ment (a-bate'ment), n. Act of abating ; the sum or quan- tity taken away by abating ; re- duction, discount. (ap>.p. — of.) -Ab-a-tis I (ab'a'tis or ^ab-a-te'), Ab-at-tis j n. A mass of trees and branches cut and placed to impede an army. Ab-a-tis j ( ^ b _£_ te £ z /) n< L Ab-at-tis j v n " -Ab-at-toir fab-at-twdr'), n. A slaughter-house. *Ab-ba-cy (ab'ba x s&), n, The pos- sessions or rights of an abbot. *Ab'ba v cies, n. pi. *Ab-bess (ab'bls), n. The superior of a nunnery. *Ab'bess\es, n. pi. 17 ABE ABI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, ABO *Ab-bey (ab'be), ft. A monastery, a convent ; a church attached to a monastery. *Ab-bot (ab'biit), n. The chief officer of a monastery. Ab-bot-ship (ab'but x ship), n. The office or state of an abbot. Ab-bre-vi-ate (ab-bre've N ate), v. t. To cut off in length, or to make less in bulk ; to shorten ; to con- dense ; to abridge ; to contract. *Ab-bre'vi x a-ting, p. prs. *Ab-bre-vi-a-tion ( N ab-bre-ve-a'- shun), n. The act of shortening; a contraction. *Ab-bre-vi-a-tor (ab v bre-v&-a'- tur), ft. One who abridges. Ab-bre-vi-a-ture (ab-bre've x a- tshure), n. A mark used for shortening ; an abridgment. Ab-di-cate (ab'de^kate), v. t. or v. i. To abandon ; to resign. Ab'di v ca-ting, p. prs. Ab-di-ca-tion ( x ab-devka'shun), w. Resignation, retirement. Ab-di-ca-tive (ab'de^ka-tlv), a. Causing or implying an abdi- cation. Ab-do-men (ab-d6'men or ab'd6- x mSn), n. The belly. Ab-dom-i-nal (ab-dom'e x nal), a. Relating to the abdomen. Ab-duce (ab-duse'), v. t. To draw apart; to separate. Ab-du'cing, p. prs. *Ab-du-cent (ab-du'se'nt), a. Pull- ing or drawing away : — opposed tO ADDUCENT. Ab-duct (ab-diikf), v. t. To take away by force and stealth. Ab-duc-tion (ab-duk'shun), n. A drawing away ; a carrying away by stealth and force. *Ab-duc-tor (ab-duk'tur), n. A muscle that draws a part away from the axis of the body ; one guilty of abduction. A-be-ce-da-ri-an ( N a-b&-s6-da're- x an), n. A teacher or learner of the alphabet. 18 A-bed (a-bed'), ad. In or on a bed. Ab-er-rance (ab-eVranse), ) Ab-er-ran-oy (ab-er'ran x se), J n ' A deviation from the right way. Ab-er'ran x ces, \ , Ab-ep/ran x cies, J n * & ' * Ab-er-ra-tion ^ab-e'r-ra'shun ),n. Deviation from the right way; apparent alteration in the place of a star ; insanity. A-bet (a-bef), v. t. To push for- ward another; to encourage or aid in crime. [259.] A-bet'ting, p. prs. A-bet'ted, p. prf. A-bet-ment (&-be : t / me ! nt), ft. The act of abetting. A-bet-ter I (a-b§t'tur), ft. One *A-bet-tor J who incites to crime. An abettor proposes a crime, an accessary assists in it, an accomplice executes. *A-bey-ance (a-ba'anse), n. A state of suspense; expectation; reversion.f Ab-hor (ab-h6r' or ab-h6r'), v. t To hate with acrimony; to de- test; to loathe. [362-13.] Ab-hor'ring, p. prs. *Ab-hor-red (ab-hdrd' or ab- hSrd'), p. prf. Ab-hor-rence (ab-h6r'r£nse), ft. Bitter hatred, detestation, (ap. p.— of.) [262-18.] Ab-hor-rent (ab-h6r'r§nt), a. De- testing ; contrary to, inconsistent with. (ap. p. — to, from.) Ab-hor-rer (ab-hdrVur or ab-hftr'- rur), ft. A hater, a detester. A-bide (a-bide'), v. i. [abode or ABIDED — ABODE Or ABIDED.] To dwell in a place; to sojourn: — v. t., to suffer; to endure; to tarry for. (ap. p. — in, at, with.) A-bi'ding, p. prs. : — ft., continu- ance, stay : — a., permanent. A-bil-i-ty (a-bil'leHe), ft. The power to do; capacity; might qualification. *A-bll'i x ties, ft. pi. Faculties. Ab-ject (ab'jekt), a. Mean or worthless; contemptible [183]: — ft., a man without hope. Ab-ject-ed-ness (ab-j£kt'ed x nes), n. The state of an abject. Ab-jec-tion (ab-jek'shun), ft. Meanness of mind ; servility. Ab-ject-ly (ab'jekt'le), ad. In an abject manner; meanly. Ab-ject-ness (ab'jekt N nes), n. Ser- vility, meanness, baseness. Ab-ju-ra-tion ( x ab-ju-ra'shun), n. The act of abjuring; the oath taken for that end. Ab-jure (ab-jiire'), v. t. To re- nounce a position upon oath. Ab-ju'ring, p. prs. *Ab-la-que-a-tion (ab x la-kwe-a'~ shun), ft. The practice of open- ing the ground about trees. Ab-la-tive (ab'la v tiv), a. That which takes away : — n., the sixth case of Latin nouns. A-ble (a'bl), a. Having power of mind, body, or fortune ; efficient, capable, sufficient. *A-ble-Bod-i-ed fa-bl-bSd'dld), i. Strong of body, athletic. Ab-le-ga-tion ( v ab-le-ga'shun), n. A sending abroad upon some employment ; a dismission. A-ble-ness (a'brnes), n. Ability of body ; force, vigor. Ab-lep-sy (ab'leVse), n. Want of sight, blindness. *Ab'lep v sies, ft. pi. Ab-lu-ent (ab'lu^nt), a. Cleansing. Ab-lu-tion (ab-lu'shun), n. The act of cleansing ; washing. A-bly (a'ble), ad. With ability. Ab-ne-ga-tion ( x ab-ne-ga'shun), n. Denial, renunciation. Ab-nor-mal (ab-ndr'mal), a. Ir- regular, against rule. A-board (a-bdrd'), ad. In a ship. A-bode (a-b6de'), n. Habitation ; place of residence [275] [71-8] : — P' P r /' °f abide. A-B0DE-MENT(a-b6de'ment),ft. A se- cret anticipation ; a foreboding. ABO ABR n6r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611, — pSund — thin, this. ABS 4 A-b6l'ish, t\ t. [prs. t. 3, A-BOL- ish-es.] To annul, destroy, re- peal, abrogate. [198-24.] A-bol-ish-a-ble (a-b&l'llsh'a-bl), a. That which may be abolished. 4 A-B6L'isH x MEXT, n. The act of abolishing; destruction, repeal. *Ab-o-li-tion ( v ab-6-lish'uu), n. The act of abolishing ; abroga- tion. A-bom-i-na-ble (a-b6m ; e x na-bl), a. Hateful, detestable, odious, loathsome. (ap.p. — to.) [261-24.] A-BO]\i-i-NA-BLE-NESs(a-b6ni / e x na- bl N nes), n. Odiousness. A-bom-i-na-bly (a-b6m'e x na-ble), ad. Most hatefully, odiously. A-bom-i-xate (a-b&m'e v nate), v. t. To abhor, detest, hate utterly. A-BOM'lVA-TING, p. prs. A-bom-i-na-tion ( x a-b6m-e-na'- shiin), n. An object of hatred; detestation ; pollution. Ab-o-rig-i-xal ( x ab-6-rlj'e-nal), a. First, primitive, pristine. *Ab-o-ri-gi-xes ( x ab-6-rij'e v neez), n. pi. The earliest inhabitants of a country ; autochthones. A-bor-tiox (a-b6r'shun), n. An untimely birth, miscarriage. A-bor-tive (a-b6r'tiv). a. Bear- ing before the due time, bringing forth nothing ; untimely, prema- ture, immature. A-bor-tiye-ly (a-bdr'tivle), ad. Im maturely, prematurely. 4 A-b6und', v. i. To have or be in great plenty : to be prevalent. (ap, p. — in, with.) 4 A-b6ut', prp. Surrounding, near to ; relating to ; engaged in : — ad., circularly, nearly ; the long- est way, in opposition to the short, straight way. A-bove (a-buv'), prp. Higher in place, rank, power, or excellence ; beyond: — ad., overhead: in the regions of heaven : — a., former, aforesaid; as, above remarks; higher ; as, the world above. A-boye-Board (a-buv'b6rd), ad. In open sight; without artifice or trick ; patent. A-boye-Cited (a-buv'sl'tdd), a. Cited before. A-bove-Grouxd (a-buv'gr6iind), ad. An expression used to sig- nify that a man is alive; un- buried. Ab-ra-ca-dab-ra (ab x ra-ka-dab'- ra), n. A superstitious charm against agues; jargon. 4 A-brade', v. t. To rub off, wear away. 4 A-BRA'i)ixG, p. prs. *A-bra-siox (a-bra'zhun), n. Rubbing off; that which is rubbed off. [side. A-breast (a-br^sf), ad. Side by A-bridge (a-bridje'), v. t. To make shorter in words; to con- tract, deprive of, condense, cur- tail, (ap. p. — of, from.) A-bridg-ing (a-brldj'ing), p. prs. A-bridg-er (a-bridj'ur), n. One who condenses or abbreviates. A-bridge-ment ) (a-bridje'ment), *A-bridg-mext j 72. The con- traction of a larger work into a small compass ; an epitome ; a compend, digest; a summary, syllabus, synopsis, abstract; a reduction or restriction. *A-broach (a-br6tsh'), ad. In a posture for fluid to run out. A-broad (a-brawd'), ad. In an- other country; without; widely. 4 Ab'r6 x gAte. v. t. To repeal, an- nul, revoke, rescind. 4 Ab'r6 x ga-ting, p. prs. Ab-ro-ga-tion ( v ab-r6-ga'shun),n. The act of abrogating ; the .re- peal of a law; nullification. 4 Ab-R"Ctpt', a. Steep, craggy; sud- den, unceremonious. f Ab-rup-tion (ab-rup'shun), n. Violent and sudden separation. Ab-rttpt-ly (ab-rupt'le), ad. Has- tily; without the due forms of preparation ; suddenly. 4 Ab-rutt'ness, n. A sudden man- ner; steepness. [346-24.] *Ab-scess (ab'ses), n. A morbid cavity in the body ; a purulent tumor. Ab-scess-es (ab'seViz), n. pi. *Ab-scind (ab-sind'), v. t. To cut off. *Ab-scis-sion (ab-sizh'un), n. The act of cutting off; the state of being cut off. Ab-scoxd (ab-sk6nd')> v. i. To hide one's self, retire, decamp. Ab-scoxd-er (ab-sk6nd'er), n. One who decamps. *Ab-sence (ab'sense), n. The state of being absent, inattention. 4 Ab'sext, a. Not present; inat- tentive, (ap. p. — from.) 4 Ab-sent', v. t. To withdraw ; to keep away. (ap. p. — from.) N4 Ab-sen-tee', n. One absent from his station or country. Ab-sen-tee-ism ( x ab-sen-teelzm), n. The practice of being away. 4 Ab's6 x lu"te, a. Complete, not limited ; unconditional, not rela- tive; arbitrary, positive. [27-2.] [334-26.] Ab-so-ltjte-ly (ab'so'lute-le), ad. Completely, positively, uncon- ditionally. [67-20.] [194.] 4 Ab's6 x lu"te-ness, ». Complete- ness; despotism. Ab-so-lu-tion ( v ab-s6-lu'shun), n. Acquittal ; remission of sins. *AB-so-Lu-TO-RY(ab-s61'u y tur-re), a. That which absolves. Ab-solye (ab-z61v'), v. t. To clear, acquit; to pronounce a sin re- mitted ; to free from. Ab-solv-ixg (ab-zolv'ing), p. prs. 4 Ab's6 v xaxt, a. Contrary to reason. 4 Ab-sorb', v. t. To swallow or suck up; to imbibe. [37-24.]f 4 Ab-s6r'bext, n. A substance or organ that sucks up humors : — a., having the power or office to suck up. 4 Ab-s6rpt', p. prf. of absorbed. 19 ABS ABU Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, met — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, ACC Ab-sorp-tion (ab-s6rp'shun), n. The act of swallowing or suck- ing up. Ab-stain (ab-stane'), v. i. To for- bear; to deny one's self any gratification ; to refrain from. (ap. p. — from.) Ab-ste-mi-ous (ab-ste'me^us), a. Temperate, abstinent, sober. Ab-ste-mi-ous-ly (ab-ste'me^us- le), ad. Temperately, soberly. *Ab-ste-mi-ous-ness (ab-ste'me x - ds-nes), n. The quality of being abstemious; self-denial. Ab-sterge (ab-sterje'), v. t. To cleanse by wiping ; to wipe. *Ab-ster'ging, p. prs. AB-STER-GENT(ab-ster , jent),a.Hav- ing a cleansing quality: — n., a medicine that cleanses ulcers, &q. 4 Ab-sterse', v. t. To cleanse, purify. * 4 Ab-ster's!ng, p. prs. *Ab-ster-sion (ab-ster'shun), n. The act of cleansing. Ab-ster-sive (ab-ster'slv), a. Cleansing, abstergent. *Ab-sti-nence (ab'ste x nense), n. Forbearance of any thing; fast- ing, {ap. p.— from.) [285-17.] Ab-sti-nent (ab'ste x nent), a. That uses abstinence; abstemious. Ab-stract (ab'strakt), n. A smaller quantity, containing the virtue or power of a greater; an epitome, digest, abridgment: — a., withdrawn from objects ; ab- struse ; separate. [296-5.] Ab-stract (ab-strakf), v. t. To separate ; to reduce to an epito- me; to take from. [158-37.] AB-STRACT-ED-LY(ab-strakt'edHe), ad. Separately from all contin- gent circumstances; by itself, simply. [314-26.] Ab-stract-ed-ness (ab-strakf- e^nes), n. The state of being abstracted. Ab-stract-er (ab-strakt'er), n. One who abstracts. 20 *Ab-strac-tion (ab-strak'shun), n. The act of abstracting, sepa- ration; absence of mind. [35-2.] Ab-stract-ive (ab-strakt'lvr), a Having the power or quality of abstracting. AB-STRAc-TivE-LY(ab-strak'tlv x le) ad. In an abstractive manner. Ab-stract-ly (ab-strackt'le), ad. In an abstract manner. Ab-stract-ness (ab-strakt'nes), n. A separate state. 4 AB-STRl!rsE', a. Hidden, difficult, obscure. [140-8.] [227-8.] Ab-struse-ly (ab-struse'le), ad: Obscurely, not plainly. "Ab-str^se'ness, n. Difficulty, obscurity. "Ab-s^trd', a. Contrary to ac- knowledged truth; irrational, impossible, inconsistent. [203 -24.] Ab-surd-i-ty (ab-surd'eHe), n. That which is absurd; folly; the quality of being absurd.f *Ab-surdVties, n. pi. Ab-surd-ly (ab-siird'le), ad. Un- reasonably, foolishly. 4 AB-sftRD r NESS, n. The quality of being absurd ; impropriety. A-btjn-dance (a-biin'danse), n. Plenty, great numbers, exu- berance ; more than enough. 4 A-BfrN'DANT, a. Plentiful, exu- berant, ample. *A-bun-dant-ly (a-bun'dantle), ad. In plenty ; amply, liberally. 4 A-b^tse', n. The ill use of any thing; rude reproach; con- tumely, f A-buse (a-buze'), v. t. To make an ill use of; to impose upon; to revile. *A-bu'sing, p. prs. A-bu-ser (a-bu'zur), n. One who abuses ; a reviler. A-bu-sive (a-bu'slv), a. Prac- tising or containing abuse ; re- proachful. A-bu-sive-ly (a-bu'slvHe), ad. Improperly, reproachfully, in- juriously. ^-b^t'siveVess, n. The quality of being abusive. 4 A-b#t', v. i. To border upon ; to end at. (ap. p. — on, upon.) A-but'ting, p. prs. A-but'ted, p. prf. 4 A-b#t'ment, n. That which bor- ders upon another; a column of masonry supporting a bridge. *A-bysm (a-bizm'), ) A gulf ; a *A-byss (a-bis'), j depth with- out bottom. [121-23.] *A-byss-es (a-bis'lz), n. pi. *A-ca-ci-a (a-ka'she N a), n. A drug brought from Egypt; a shrub. A-ca-ci-as (a-ka'she x as), | 7 *A-ca-ci-.e (a-ka'she v a), j n ' $ L Ac-a-de-mi-an ( x ak-a-de'me x an), n. A scholar of an academy. Ac-a-dem-ic ( N ak-a-dem'lk), Ac-a-dem-i-cal ( x ak-a-dem'e N kal), a. Belonging to an academy. Ac-a-dem-ic fak-a-d&m'ik), ) A-cad-e-mist (a-kad'e-mist), J n. A member of an academy or university; an academic phi- losopher. *Ac-A-DE-Mi-ciAN( x ak-a-de-mish'- an), n. The member of an academy. A-cad-e-my (a-kad'e v me), n. An assembly or society of men uni- ting for the promotion of some science or art; the place where sciences are taught; the school of Plato. ^A-cad-e-mies (a-kad'e x mlz), n.pl. A-can-thus (a-kan'tfMs), n. The herb bear's foot; a spiny shrub. *A-cAN-THUs-Es(a-kan'*Ms-iz), ) *A-can-thi (a-kan'*M), j n. pi. A-cat-a-lec-tic (Tkat-a-leVtlk), n. A verse which has the com- plete number of syllables ; com- plete. • c " Ac-cede (ak-sede'), v. i. To bo ACC ACC n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pMnd — thin, THis. ACC added to ; to come to ; to agree to. (ap. p. —to.) [53-6.] *Ac-ce-ding- (ak-se'ding), p. prs. *Ac-cel-er-ate (ak-sel'ler N ate), v. t. To quicken,* to hasten; to increase the speed of. [57-9.] Ac-cel-er-a-ting (ak-sel'leVa- ting), p. prs. Ac-cel-er-a-tion (ak^l-ler-a'- shun), n. The act of quickening motion. *Ac-cen-sion (ak-seVshun), n. The act of kindling. *Ac-cent (ak'sent), n. The man- ner of speaking or pronouncing,* the marks made upon syllables to indicate their pronunciation ; the stress of voice on a certain syllable. [136-27.] Ac-cent (ak-senf), v. t. To speak words with particular regard to the grammatical marks or rules which note the accents. Ac-cent-u-al (ak-sen'tshu^al), a. Relating to accents * rhythmical. Ac-CENT-u-ATE (ak-s§n'tshu x ate), v. t. To place the accent pro- perty ; to pronounce words with an accent. Ac-cent'u^a-ting, p. prs. ac-cent-u-a-tion (ak^n-tshu-a'- shun), n. The act of placing the accent* accent. Ac-cept (ak-sepf), v. t. To take with pleasure; to receive; to admit. *Ac-cept-a-bil-t-ty (ak x sept-a- bil'le'te), n. The quality of be- ing acceptable ■ acceptableness. *Ac-cept-a-ble (Wk-sept'a-bl), a. Pleasing, welcome, (ap. p. — to.) Ac-CEPT-A-BLE-NEss(ak-sept'a-bl- N n^s), n. The quality of being acceptable ; acceptability. Ac-cept-a-bly (ak-sept'a x ble), ad. In an acceptable manner. *Ac-cept-ance (ak-sept'anse), n. Reception with approbation; a bill subscribed. Ac-cept-a-tiox fak-sept-a'shun), to. Reception; the accepted meaning of a word ; acceptance. *Ac-cept-er (ak-sept'iir), n. The person who accepts; the re- ceiver. * Ac-cess (ak-seV or ak'se's), n. Approach ; admission ; increase. (ap. p.— to.) [238-30.] Ac-cess-es (ak-ses'iz), n. pi. *Ac-ces-sa-ry (ak-seVsa v re or ak'ses x sa-re), a. Joined to; con- tributing, additional : — n., one guilty of crime by participation, not as a principal ; an abettor * (ap. p. — to) : — see abettor. *AC-CES-SA-RIES, ) j * A > n. pi. -AC-CES-SO-RIES, j r *Ac-ces-si-ble (ak-seVse^bl), a. That which may be approached. *Ac-CES-sioisr (ak-s^sh'un), ii. In- crease by something added ; the act of coming to, or arriving at. *Ac-ces-so-ry (ak-seVsuVe or ak'seVsu-re), a. Same as acces- sary, which see. *Ac-ci-dence (ak'seMense), n. The book containing the rudi- ments of grammar. *Ac-ci-dent (ak'seM^nt), n. A property or quality of a thing which is not essential to it; that which happens unforeseen; ca- sualty, chance. [64-29.] [204 -19.] *Ac-ci-dent-al ( x ak-se-dent'al), n. A property non-essential : — a., having the quality of an ac- cident; casual, happening by chance ; fortuitous, unforeseen. *Ac-ci-dent-al-ly ( v ak-se-d§nt'- aPle), ad. Casually, fortuitously. [54.] * Ac-claim (ak-klame'), v. i. To applaud : — n., applause, a shout of praise, acclamation. Ac-CLA-MA-TioN( N ak-kla-ma'shun) n. A shout, of applause. [112-4.] Ac-cli-mate (ak-kll'mate or ak'- kle^ruate), v. t. To inure to a climate. *Ac-cli-ma-tize (ak-kll'nia'tize), v. t. To inure to a climate. Ac-cliv-i-ty (ak-kliv'veHe), n. Steepness reckoned upwards; ascent of a hill: — opposed to DECLIVITY. ^Ac-clivVties, to.pl. *Ac-cli-vous (ak-kll'vus), a. Ri- sing with a slope. Ac-co-lade fak-k6-lade'), ». A ceremony used in conferring knighthood; a blow. *Ac-com-mo-date (ak-k6m'm6- x date), v. t. To supply with con- veniences; to serve; to adapt (ap. p. — to.) Ac-com'mo^da-ting, p. prs. Ac-com-mo-date (ak-k6m ; m6Mit), a. Fit; adjusted. Ac-com-mo-da-tion (ak^k&ni-mo- da'shun), n. Provision of con- veniences; reconciliation; ad- justment of a difference, (ap. p. —to.) Ac-com-mo-da'tion-Pa'per, n. A note or bill given as an accom- modation instead of money. *Ac-com-pa-ni-ment (ak-kunr'pa- x ne-m§nt), n. A thing added to another by way of ornament; the instrumental that accompa- nies the vocal part in music. [71-21.] Ac-com-pa-ny (ak-kum'pa N ne), v.t. [prs. t. 3, ^accompanies.] To go with ; to associate with ; to join with. [53-2.] [366-15.] *Ac-com'pa x ni-ed, p. prf. Ac-coM-PA-NiST(ak-kuur / pa x nist).». One who performs with another. *Ac-com-plice (ak-korn'plis), n. An associate, a partaker (usually in an ill sense): — see abettor. Ac-com-plish (ak-k6m'plish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, accomplishes.] To complete; to fulfil; to adorn or furnish ; to execute. [258-2.] Ac-com-plish-ed (ak-k(Wpli$h- x 6d), a. Complete in some quali- fication; elegant. [229-11.] 21 ACC ACC Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, ACH Ac-com-plish-er (ak-k6m / plish y - ur), n. One who accomplishes. #Ac-com-plish-ment (ak-k6m'- plish x ment), n. Completion, per- fection ; embellishment, ele- gance. [19-34.] Ac-cord (ak-k6rd'), v. t. To make agree ; to adjust (ap.p. — to) : — v. i., to agree ; to suit with (ap. p.— with) [122-33] [254-16] :— n., a compact, an agreement; concurrence, harmony. *Ac-cord-ance (ak-kdrd'anse), n. Agreement with a person ; con- formity to a thing, (ap.p. — with.) Ac-cord-ant (ak-k6rd'ant), a. Willing, consonant, correspond- ing. Ac-cord-ing-ly (ak-k6rd'ing x le), ad. Agreeably, conformably. Ac-cord-ing To (ak-kdrd'ing t6), prp. Agreeably to ; in regard to. *Ac-cor-di-on (ak-k6r'de-6n), n. A small musical instrument. Ac-cost (ak-k6sf), v. t. To ad- dress; to salute. [101-19.] Ac-cost-a-ble (ak-kost'a^bl), a. Easy of access ; familiar. Ac-count (ak-k6iint'),n. A compu- tation ,• a bill j advantage ; sake ; reason ; a narrative, explanation (ap.p. — for a person; of a thing): — v. t., to esteem, reckon, com- pute [64-13] : — v. i., to give an account, (ap. p. — to.)f Ac-count-a-bil-i-ty (ak^kount-a- bll'le-te), n. Responsibility, ac- countableness. Ac-count-a-ble (ak-k6unt'a x bl),a. Liable to be called to an account ; responsible. (ap.p. — to a per- son; for a thing.) Ac-count-a-ble-ness (ak-kdunf- a-bPne's), n. Responsibility, ac- countability. Ac-count-ant (ak-k6unt'ant), n. A man skilled in accounts. *Ac-coup-le (ak-kup'pl), v. t. To join ; to link together. Ac-coup-ling, p. prs. 22 Ac-coit-tre (ak-k66'tur), v. t. To dress ; to equip ; to furnish. *AC-COU-TRING, p. pr8. Ac-cou-tre-ment (ak-k&&'tur- N ment), n. Dress, equipage, trappings. *Ac-cred-it (ak-kred'it), v. t. To give or procure credit to. Ac-cred-i-ted (ak-krfid'lt^d), p. prf. Of allowed reputation ; in trusted, confided in. *Ac-cre-tion (ak-kre'shun), n. The act of growing to another. Ac-cre-tive (ak-kre'tiv), a. Growing. Ac-croach (ak-kr6tsh'), v. t. [jars. t. 3, accroaches.] To draw to one gradually ; to gripe. Ac-crue (ak-kr66 ; ), v. i. To be added to, to be produced, or arise as profits. * Ac-cru-ing, p. prs. Ac-cu-ba-tion ( y ak-ku-ba'shun), n. A reclining at meals. Ac-ctj-mu-late (ak-kii'muHate), v. t. To heap up; to increase [86-21.] [220-20.] Ac-cu'mu^la-ting, p. prs. Ac-ctj-mu-late (ak-ku'imVUt), a. Heaped up ; collected. Ac-cu-mu-la-tion (akMm-mu-la'- shun), n. The act of accumu- lating. [50-5.] [248-5.] Ac-cu-mu-la-tive (ak-ku'mu N la- tiv), a. That which accumulates. Ac-cu-mu-la-tor (ak-ku ; mu N la- tur), n. One who accumulates. *Ac-ctj-ra-cy (ak'kuVa-se), n. Exactness, nicety, correctness. Ac-cu-ra-cies, n. pi. Ac-cu-rate (ak'ku x rit), a. Exact, correct, precise. [198-16.] Ac-cu-rate-ly (ak'kuWle), ad. Exactly, without error. Ac-ctf-RATE-NESs(ak'ku\rlt-nes),«. Exactness, accuracy. Ac-curse (ak-kurse')? v. t. To doom to misery; to curse. Ac-cur-sing, p. prs. Ac-curs-ed (ak-kurs'ed or ak- kurst'), p. prf. Cursed: — a., ex- ecrable, doomed. Ac-cu-sa-ble (ak-ku'za x bl), a. Blamable, culpable. Ac-cu-sa-tion ( v ak-ku-za'shun), n. The act of accusing ; a charge. Ac-ctj-sa-tive (ak-ku'za v tiv), a. The fourth case of Latin nouns ; objective; accusatory. Ac-cu-sa-tor-y (ak-ku'za N tur-re), a. Containing an accusation. Ac-ctjse (ak-kuze'), v. t. To charge with a crime; to blame or censure ; to impeach. [283.] Ac-cu-sing, p. prs. Ac-cu-ser (ak-kti'zur), n. One who brings a charge against another. [275-13.] Ac-cus-tom (ak-kus'tum), v. t. To habituate, inure. [137-14.] [349-1.] Ac-cus-tom-a-ri-ly (ak-kus'tum- ^a-reHe), ad. In a customary manner. Ac-cus-tom-a-ry (ak-kus'tum^a- re), a. Usual, practised. Ace (ase), n. A unit on cards or dice ; a small quantity. A-ceph-a-lous (a-sefa N lils), a. "Without a head. •A-cer-bi-ty (a-ser'be x te), n. A rough, sour taste; sharpness of temper. A-cer-bi-ties, n. pi. *-A-ces-cent, (a-seVs£nt), a. Tending to sourness. A-ce-tate (as'e x tate), n. A chemi- cal salt formed by acetic acid uniting with a salifiable base. A-cet-ic (a-set'ik), a. Having the qualities of vinegar. A-ce-tous (a-se'tus), a. Sour, acetic. Ache (ake), n. A continued pain : — v. i., to be in pain. *A-ching (a'king), p. prs. A-chiev-a-ble (at-tsheev'a x bl), a. Practicable, feasible. A-chiev-ance (at-tsheev'anse), n. Performance, achievement. ACO ACQ n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — *Mn, THis. ACT *A-chieve (at-tsheev'), v. t. To perform ; to finish ; to gain.f A-chiev-ing, p. prs. A-chieve-ment (at-tsheev'm^nt), n. A performance, an action; an escutcheon. [128-26.] A-chiev-er (at-tsheev'ur), n. One who achieves or performs. Ach-ro-mat-ic ( x ak-r6-matlk), a. Preventing the effect of colors. A-cid (as'sld), a. Sour, sharp to the taste : — n., a sour substance. A-cid-i-fy (a-sld'e x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, acidifies.] To convert into acid. A-cidVfi-ed, p. prf. *A-cid-i-ty (&-sld'eHe), n. Sour- ness, sharpness to the taste. A-cid-ness (as'sld v n6s), n. The quality of being acid; acidity. ^"A-cid-u-l^ (a-sld'ju x le), n. pi. Medicinal springs impregnated with acid. A-cid-u-late (a-sld'julate), v. t. To tinge with acid. A-CID-U-LA-TING, p. prs. A-cid-tj-lous (a-sld'juHus), a. Sourish, slightly acid. Ac-KNOWL-EDGE(ak-n6l / l^dje),v.i. To confess, to own to, to avow. Ac-knowl'edg'ing, p. prs. Ac-KNOWL-EDGE-MENT ) (ak-n6V- *AC-KNOWL-EDG-MENT j ledje- x ment), n. Confession of a fault, or of a benefit received ; conces- sion ; gratitude ; recognition. Ac-me (Sk'me), n. The summit; the highest point. A-col-o-thist (a-k6rio^Mst), ) Ac-o-lyte (ak'6-llte), J n ' A servitor in the Church of Rome. Ac-o-nite (ak'6 x nite), n. The herb wolf's bane; poison. A-corn (a'k6rn), n. The seed or fruit of the oak. A-cous-tic (a-k6u'stik), a. Rela- ting to sound or hearing. *A-cous-tics (a-k6u'stlks), n. pi. The theory of sounds; medicines to help the hearing. Ac-quaint (ak-kwanf), v. t. To make familiar with ; to inform. (ap. p. — with.) *Ac-quaint-ance (&k-kwanf- anse), n. Familiarity ; knowl- edge ; the person with whom we are acquainted, [ap. p. — with.) [222-12.] Ac-quest (ak-kwlst'), n. An acquisition. *Ac-qui-esce ( x ak-kw&-eV), v. i. To rest in ; to remain satisfied ; to comply ; to agree, (ap. p. — in.) [238-9.] *Ac-qui-es-cing, p. prs. *Ac-qui-es-cence ( x ak-kw£-eV- se'nse), n. Compliance; content; submission. [334-26.] Ac-qui-es-cent (^ak-kwI-eVse'nt), a. Easy; submitting. Ac-qui-ra-ble (ak-kwi'ra x bl), a. Attainable. Ac-quire (ak-kwlre'), v. t. To gain by labor or power; to ob- tain; to attain. [52.] [274-21.] Ac-qui-ring, p. prs. Ac-qui-rer (ak-kwl'rur), n. One who acquires or gains. Ac-quire-ment (ak-kwlre'me : nt), n. Attainment, gain. [36-4.] Ac-qui-si-tion ( x ak-kwe-zish'un), n. The thing gained ; acquire- ment; the act of acquiring. [82-2.] Ac-quis-i-tive (ak-kwiz'eHlv), a. That which is acquired. Ac-quis-i-tive-ness (ak-kwiz'e- tlv x n§s), n. The love of acqui- ring property. Ac-quit (ak-kwlf), v. t. To set free ; to clear ; to absolve, [ap. p.— of.) [350-15.] *Ac-quit'ting, p. prs. *Ac-quit'ted, p. prf. Ac-quit-ment (ak-kwlfmSnt), n. The state of being acquitted. *Ac-quit-tal (ak-kwlt'tal), n. Deliverance, discharge. Ac-quit-tance (ak-kwlt't&nso), n. The act of discharging from a debt. *A-cre (a'kur), n. A quantity of land containing 160 square rods. Ac-rid (ak'rid), a. Of a hot biting taste; pungent; bitter. Ac-Ri-MO-Ni-ous( N ak-re-m6 / ne x us) a. Sharp; corrosive; severe. -Ac-ri-mon-y (ak're N mun-ne), n. Sharpness; severity; bitterness. Ac-ri-mon-ies, 11. pi. Ac-ri-tude (akWtude), n. An acrid, taste. Ac-ro-bat (akWbat), n. One who practices ground and lofty tum- bling ; a rope-dancer. Ac-ro-spire (akWsplre), n. A sprout from the end of seeds. A-cross (a-kr6s'), ad. Athwart, transversely. A-cros-tic (a-kr6s'tik), n. A poem in which the first letters of the lines make up some name. Act (akt), n. A deed, exploit ; part of a play ; a statute : — v. i. f to be in action : — v. t., to perform ; to imitate ; to feign. Ac-tion (ak'shun), n. A state of acting; a deed; operation; ges- ticulation ; a battle ; a lawsuit. Ac-tion-a-ble (ak'shiWa-b]), a. Admitting of legal action. Ac-tive (ak'tiv), a. Busy; agile, quick; noting the voice of verbs in which an agent is nominative. Ac-tive-ly (4k'tiv v le), ad. Bu- sily, nimbly. Ac-tive-ness (ak'trv A ne , s), n. Quickness, nimbleness. Ac-tiv-i-ty (ak-tiv've^te), n. The quality of being active. Ac-tor (ak'tur), n. He that per- forms any thing; a stage-player. Ac-tress (ak'tr6s), n. A woman that plays on the stage. Ac-tress-es, n. pi. Ac-tu-Al (ak'tshu^al), a. Really in act; positive; true. [159.] Ac-tu-al-i-ty ( N ak-tshu-al'le N te), n. The state of being actual. Ac-tu-al-ly (ak'tshu v al-le), ad. In act ; really ; in fact. 23 ADD ADE Fate, far, fall, fat — me 1 , met — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, ADJ Ac-tu-a-ry (ak'tshu^a-re 1 ), n. A register or clerk of a society. *Ac-tu-A-ries, n . pi. Ac-tu-ate (ak'tshu ate), v. t. To put into action; to induce. [179.] Ac-tu-a-ting, p. prs. A-cu-le-ate (l-ku'lelt), a. Hav- ing a point ; prickly. *A-cu-men (a-ku'men), n. A sharp point; figuratively, quickness of intellect, discernment. *A-cu-mi-nate (a-ku'me^nate), v.i. To rise to a point. A-cu'miVa-ting, p. prs. A-ctt-mi-nate (a-ku/me x nit), a. Sharp-pointed. A-cu-mi-na-tion (a^ku-in^-na'- shun), n. A sharp point. A-cute (a-kute'), a. Sharp, keen; ingenious ; noting an angle less than 90°. A-cute-ly (a-kute'le), ad. In an acute manner; sharply, keenly. A-cute-ness (a-kute'ne's), n. State of being acute ; quickness of in- tellect ; sharpness. * Ad-age (ad'ije), n. A proverb; a maxim ; an aphorism. 4 Ad'a v mant, n. The diamond; the loadstone. u Ad-a-man-te'an, a. Hard as adamant. Ad-a-man-tine ( x ad-a-man'tin), a. Made of or like adamant; hard. 4 A-d apt', v. t. To fit ; to suit ; to proportion, (ap.p. — to.) [63-23.] *A-DAPT-A-BiL-i-TY(a x dapt-a-biP- £-te), n. Capacity for adaptation. Ad-ap-ta-tion ( x ad-ap-ta'shun), n. The act of fitting ; fitness. A-dap-tion (a-dap'shiin), n. The act of fitting ; adaptation. 4 Add, v. t. To join to ; to increase; to annex, (ap. p. — to.) Ad-der (ad'dur), n. A serpent, a poisonous reptile, a viper. *Ad-di-;bil-i-ty ( x ad-de-bil'leHe), n. The possibility of being added. Ad-di-ble (ad'de x bl), a. Possible to be added. 24 Ad-dice (ad'dls), n. See adze. Ad-dict (ad-dikf), v. t. To de- vote ; to dedicate. [301-4.] Ad-dict-ed-ness (ad-dlkt'e , d v ne ! s), n. The state of being addicted. *Ad-dic-tion (ad-dik'shun), n. The state of being devoted ; habit. "Ad-dit'aHient, n. Addition; the thing added. Ad-di-tion (ad-dish'un), n. The act of adding; the thing added; a fundamental rule of arithmetic. Ad-di-tion-al (ad-dish'un x al), a. That which is added. Ad-di-to-ry (ad'de v tur-re), a. Having power to add. Ad-dle (ad'dl), a. Barren, empty: — v. t., to make barren ; to cor- rupt. [338-1.] Ad'dling, p. prs. * 4 AD-DRESS r ,n. Verbal application ; courtship ; skill ; dexterity ; di- rection of a letter ; an oration ; a memorial ; the name, title, and locality of a person [53-1] [280-9]: — v. t., to prepare for; to apply to; to accost; to direct; to court, (ap. p.— to.) [368.] Ad-dress'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Ad-dress-er (ad-dreVsur), n. The person who addresses. Ad-duce (ad-duse'), v. t. To bring forward; to allege. [103-8.] [382.] -''"Ad-du-chstg, p. prs. Ad-du-cent (ad-du'sent), a. A word applied to those muscles that draw together the parts of the body. Ad-du-ci-ble (ad-du'se^bl), a. That may be adduced. A-demp-tion (a-de'm'shun), n. A taking away ; privation. 4 A-dept', n. One skilled in his art [113] :—-«.., skilful, thorough. Ad'e^qua-cy. See adequateness. Ad-e-quate (adTkwit), a. Equal; proportionate; sufficient: com- petent, (ap.p. — to.) [258-3.] Ad-e-quate-ly (ad'e x kwit-le), ad. Sufficiently, proportionately. Ad-e-qua-cy (ad'e^kwa-se), } AD-E-QUATE-NESS(ad , e x kwlt-n§s) } n. The state of being adequate. 4 Ad-here', v. i. To stick to ; to remain firmly fixed, (ap.p. — to.) * Ad-he-ring, p. prs. Ad-he-rence (ad-he'rense), j *Ad-he-ren-cy (ad-he'ren v se), J n. Attachment, tenacity, fidelity. 4 Ad-he'rent, n. A follower; a partisan: — a., sticking to; uni- ted with. Ad-he-rer (ad-he'rur), n. One that adheres ; an adherent. Ad-he-sion (ad-he'zhun), n. The act or state of sticking to something. [ing, tenacious. Ad-he-sive (ad-he'siv), a. Stiek- Ad-he-sive-ness (ad-he'siv N nes), n. Stickiness, tenacity ; a pro- pensity to form permanent at- tachments. [Application ; use. Ad-hi-bi-tion ( v ad-he-blsh'un), n. -A-dieu (a-du'), n. A farewell; a commendation to the care of God : — ad., farewell. A-dieux (a-duze'), n. pi. *Ad-i-po-cere (ad'e-p6-seer), n. A waxy substance formed by the decomposition of animal bo- dies buried in moist places. *Ad-i-pose (adipose), a. Eat. 4 Ad'it, w. A passage under ground. Ad-ja-cen-cy (ad-ja'seVse), ??. The state of lying close to an- other thing. *Ad-ja-cent (ad-ja/se'nt), a. Ly- ing close, bordering upon. (ap. p.— to.) [81-1.] Ad-ject (ad-jekf), v. U To add to ; to put to. *AD-JEC-Ti-Tious( x ad-je , k-tlsh'us) a. Added, thrown in. Ad-.tec-tive (ad'jeVtiv), n. A word added to a noun to signify some quality or circumstance. Ad-jec-tive-ly (ad'jeVtiv-le), ad. After the manner of an adjective. 4 Ad-j6!n', v. t. To join to; to unite to : — v. i., to be contiguous to. ADM ADM nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, THis. ADN *Ad-journ (ad-jurn'), v. t. To put off to another day; to pro- rogue; to defer, (ap. p. — to.) [257-7.] Ad-journ-ment (ad-jurn'ment), n. Putting off till another time ; intermission. Ad-judge (ad-judje'), v. t. To give; to decree; to sentence. (ap. p.— to.) ^Ad-judg'ing, p. prs, Ad-jtj-di-ca-tion (ad x ju-de-ka'- shun), ft. The act of granting something to a litigant. Ad-ju-di-cate (ad-ju'de x kate), v.t. To adjudge. Ad-ju'di x ca-ting, p. prs. *Ad-jtjnct (ad'jungkt), n. Some- thing adherent or united to an- other: — a. f immediately joined. Ad-jttnc-tion (ad-jungk'shun), n. The act of adjoining. Ad-junct-ive (ad-jungkt'lv), ft. He that joins ; that which is joined: — a., having the quality of joining. Ad-jtt-ra-tion ( x ad-ju-ra'shun), ft. The act of proposing an oath to another ; a solemn charge. 4 Ad-jure', v. t. To impose an oath upon another, prescribing the *Ad-ju'ring, p. prs. [form. 4 Ad-just', v. t. To regulate; to put in order; to accommodate. (ap. p.— to.) [294-9.] 4 Ad-just'ment, ft. Regulation ; settlement ; disposition. Ad-jtj-tan-cy (ad'ju v tan-se), n. The military office of an adj utant. ^Ad'ju^tan-cies, ft. pi. 4 Ad'jt^tant, n. A petty officer, whose duty is to assist the ma- jor by distributing pay and overseeing punishment. *Ad-jtj-tor-y (ad'juHur-re), a. That which helps. 4 Ad'juVaxt, a. Helping, useful. Ad -me as -ure -me nt (ad-mezh'ure- x ment), ft. The act of measuring according to rule; dimension. Ad-men-su-ra-tion (ad^men-shu- ra'shun), n. The act of measu- ring to each his part. Ad-min-is-ter (&d-mln'nlsHur), v.t. To serve ; to manage ; to dispense ; to supply : — v. i. f to perform the office of an adminis trator. [64-5.] X4 AD-MiN-is-TE ; Ri-AL, a. Rela ting to administration. Ad-min-is-tra-ble (ad-min'nls- tra x bl), a. Capable of adminis- tration. Ad-min-is-tra-tion (ad^min-nis tra'shun), n. The act of admin istering; the executive part of government ; those to whom the care of public affairs is commit- ted. [63-22.] [280-1.] Ad-min-is-tra-tive (ad-mln'nls- Hra-tlv), a. That which ad- ministers. Ad-min-is-tra-tor (ad x min-nls- tra'tur), n. He who manages the affairs of a man dying intes- tate ; he who conducts the go- vernment. Ad-min-is-tra-tor-ship (ad x mln- nls-tra'tur'shlp), n. The office of an administrator. Ad-min-is-tra-trix (ad v mln-nls- tra'trlks),ft.She who administers. -^Ad^min-is-tra'trix^es, ft. pi. Ad-mi-ra-ble (ad'me v ra-bl), a. Worthy of admiration ; wonder- ful; excellent. Ad-mi-ra-ble-ness (ad'me r ra-bl- v nes), ft. The quality or state of being admirable. Ad-mi-ra-bly (ad'meYa-ble), ad. In an admirable manner. Ad-mi-ral (ad'meVal), ft. The chief commander of a fleet. [279-10.] Ad-mi-ral-ship (ad'meYal-ship), ft. The office or skill of an admiral. Ad-mi-ral-ty (ad'meVal-te), n. The power or officers appointed to administer naval affairs. Ad-mi-ra-tion ( x ad-me-ra'shun), ft. Wonder; the act of admi- ring ; astonishment. [65-31.] 4 Ad-m1re', v. t. To regard with wonder or love. [57-17.] [231-7.] Ad-mi'ring, p. prs. Ad-mi-rer (ad-mi'rur), ft. One who regards with admiration. Ad-mi-ring-ly (ad-ml'rlng^le), ad. With admiration. AD-Mis-si-BiL-i-TY(ad x mis-se-blF- e-te), ft. The state of being ad- missible. *Ad-mis-si-ble (ad-mis'se v bl), a. That which may be admitted. Ad-mis-si-bly (ad-mls'se v ble), ad. So as to be admitted. Ad-mis-sion (ad-mlsh'un), w. The act of admitting; the power of entering ; access ; admittance. (ap. p. — [access] to ; [entrance] into.) 4 Ad-mIt', v. t. To suffer to enter; to allow an argument or posi- tion ; to grant, (ap. p. — of.) *Ad-mit'ting, p. prs. [71-28.] *Ad-mit'ted, p. prf. *Ad-mit-tance (ad-mlt'tanse), n. The act of admitting; admission. Ad-mix (ad-miks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, admixes.] To mingle with something else ; to mix. *Ad-mix-tion (ad-inlks'tshun), n, A mingling. Ad-mix-ture (ad-mlks'tshur,) n. The body mingled ; a mixture. 4 Ad-m6n'!sH, V. t. [prs. t. 3, AD- MONISHES.] To warn; to re- prove gently, (ap. p. — of.) Ad-mon-ish-er (ad-mSn'ish^ur), ft. The person who admonishes. Ad-mo-ni-tion ( x ad-ni6-nlsh'un),ft. The hint of a fault or duty ; counsel, gentle reproof.[326-16.] *Ad-mon-i-tive (ad-m6n'e x tiv), AD-MON-i-TOR-Y(ad-m6n'e v tur-re), a. Containing admonition. Ad-mon-i-tor (ad-m&n'eHdr), ft. One who admonishes. Ad-nas-cent (ad-nas'se'nt), a. Growing to something else. 25 ADR ADV Fate, far, fill, fat— me, mSt— pine, pin- -n6, move, ADV *Ad'n1te, a. Growing upon. 4 AD r N6^rN, n. An adjective. *A-DO (a-d66')> n. Trouble, diffi- culty; bustle, stir; tumult. * 4 A-d6'be, n. A sun-dried brick. Ad-o-les-cence ( x ad-6-leVs£nse), n. The age succeeding childhood. *Ad-o-les-cent ( N ad-6-les's£nt), a. Growing; youthful. 4 A-d6pt', v. t. To take a son by choice who is not so by birth ; to receive as one's own. [100-38.] [372-23.] A-dopt-ed-ly (a-d&pt'Sd^le), ad. After the manner of something adopted. A-dopt-er (a-d6pt'ur), n. One who adopts ; a chemical vessel. A-dop-tion (a-d6p'shun), n. The act of adopting ; affiliation. 4 A-d6p't!ve, a. That which adopts or is adopted. A-do-ra-ble (a-d6'raH)l), a. Wor- thy of adoration ; divine. A-DO-RA-BLE-NESs(a-d6 r ra x bl-n§s) n. Worthiness of divine honors. A-do-ra-bly (a-d6 'rabble), ad. In a manner worthy of adoration. Ad-o-ra-tion ( x ad-6-ra'shun), n. The external homage paid to God; worship; profound reve- rence. *A-d6re', v. t. To worship with external homage; to love in- tensely. A-do'ring, p. prs. A-do-rer (a-d6'rur), n. He that adores ; a worshipper ; a lover. 4 A-d6rn', v. t. To dress, to deck, to embellish. [182-1.] 4 A^d6rn'ment, n. Ornament, em- bellishment. Ad-os-cu-la-tion (ad x 6s-ku-la'- shun), n. A method of grafting; impregnation of plants by pollen. 4 A-dr!ft', ad. Floating at random. 4 A-dr61t', a. Skilful, expert, ac- tive, clever, dexterous. A-droit-ly (a-dr6it'le), ad. Ex- pertly, dexterously. 26 4 A-DRdiT':NESS, n. Dexterity, ac- tivity. A-dry (a-drl'), a. Athirst, thirsty. *Ad-sci-ti-tious ( x ad-se-tlsh'us), a. Taken in to complete some- thing ; additional, supplemental. Ad-tj-la-tion (^ad-ju-la'shun), n. Flattery, high compliment. [259-11.] Ad-tt-la-tor-y (ad'jula-turVe), a. Flattering to excess. 4 A-DfrLT', n. A person of mature age : — a., grown up ; of full age. 4 A-Dfti/TER\lNT, n. The person or thing that adulterates. 4 A-d^l'ter n ate, v. t. To debase: to corrupt by some foreign or baser admixture, as in liquors, coins, &e. A-dul'ter^a-ting, p. prs. A-dul-ter-ate (a-dul'teYlt), a. Corrupted with foreign admix- ture; polluted, debased. A-dul-ter-a-tion (aMi\l-ter-a'- shun), n. The act of corrupting ; the state of being contaminated. 4 A-d#lt'ness, n. The state of being adult. 4 AD-frM'BRANT, a. That which gives a slight resemblance. 4 AD-frM'BRATE, v. t. To give a faint resemblance; to shadow forth. Ad-um'bra^ting, p. prs. Ad-um-bra-tion ( x ad-um-bra'- shun), n. A faint sketch; a shadow. *A-dun-ci-ty (a-dun'seHe), n. Crookedness, hookedness. *A-dun'ci x ties, n. pi. 4 A-D"&st', a. Burnt up, scorched. 4 A-D#ST r ED,a. Burnt, dried with fire. *A-dus-tion (a-dus'tshun), n. The act of burning up, or drying. Ad-vance (ad-vanse'), n. The act of going forward; progression, improvement; additional price ; offer : — v. t., to bring forward ; to raise to preferment; to promote; to improve; to accelerate; to propose; to pay beforehand: — v. i., to move forward or higher; to rise in rank or price ; to im- prove. Ad-vance (ad-vanse'), \ Ad-vanced (ad-vansf), } a ' Moved forward ; paid : — as, ad- vance or advanced guard; ad- vance money. *Ad-van'cing, p. prs. Ad-vance-ment (ad-vanse'm&nt), n. The act of moving forward and upward; preferment; im- provement. Ad-van-cer (ad-van'sur), n, A promoter ; a forwarder. Ad-van-tage (ad-van'tije), w. Favorable circumstances; supe- riority; gain, profit: — v.t.,to bene- fit, to promote, (ap.p. — over, of.) Ad-van'ta'ging, p. prs. *Ad-van-ta-geous ( v ad-van-ta'- jus), a. Profitable; useful; convenient. AD-VAN-TA-GEOTJS-LY( V ad-Van-ta'- jus v le), ad. Profitably; oppor- tunely. Ad-van-ta-geous-ness ( r ad-van- ta'jusWs), n. Profitableness. 4 Ad-vene', v. i. To accede or come to. *Ad-ve'ning, p. prs. 4 Ad'vent, n. A coming; the coming of Christ ; a season com- memorating the coming of Christ; the four weeks before Christmas. [94-lOJf *Ad-ven-ti-tious ( N ad-ve , n-tlsh / - us), a. Accidental; extrinsi- cally added. Ad-ven-tu-al (ad-veVtshu r al), a. Relating to the season of Advent. Ad-ven-ture (ad-veVtshure), n. An incident; a chance; an en- terprise [192-8] : — v. i., to try the chance, to dare: — v. t. } to hazard, to risk. Ad-ven'tur x ing, p. prs. Ad-yen-tur-er (ad-veVtshurMr), n. One who trusts to chance. ADV nor, n6t- AER -tube, tub, bull— 611— >pMnd- -*Mn, this. AFF Ao-VEN-TU-ROus^d-ven'tshurNis), Ad-ven-ture-some (ad-v£n'tshur- \suin), a. Inclined to adven- tures, daring, courageous; full of hazard. AD-VEN-TUR-oiis-LYfad-veVtshur- v us-le), ad. Boldly, daringly. AD-YEN-TURE-SOME-NESS(ad-ven / - tshur N siim-ne ! s), n. The quality of being adventuresome. 4 Ad'verb, n. A word joined to a verb, adjective, or other adverb, to modify its sense or limit its signification. ^Ad-ver-bi-al (ad-veVbe x al), a. Having the quality of an adverb. *Ad-ver-bi-al-ly (ad-veYbe'al- le), ad. In the manner of an adverb. Ad-ver-sa-ry (ad'veYsa-r&), n. An opponent, antagonist, enemy: — a., adverse, opposed to. ^Ad'VER^SA-RIES, fl. pi. *Ad'verse, a. Contrary; calami- tous; afflictive; hostile. [39.] Ad-verse-ly (ad'veYse^le), ad. Unfortunately ; oppositely. 4 Ad'verse-ness, n. Opposition; misfortune. Ad-ver-si-ty (ad-ver'seHe), n. A miction, calamity, misfortune. [32.]f *Ad-ver'si a ties, n. pi. 4 Ad-vert', v. i. To attend to ; to regard ; to observe ; to turn to. Ad-ver-tence (ad-veVtSnse), 1 Ad-ver-ten-cy (ad-veVten x se), J n. Attention, regard to. [343-12.] 4 Ad-ver'tent, a. Attentive. Ad-ver-tise (^ad-ver-tize' or ad'- veVtlze), v. t. To inform; to give intelligence; to publish. * y AD-VER-Tl'SING, p. pr8. Ad-ver-tise-ment (ad-veVtiz- v ment or x ad-ver-tiz'm^nt), n. Intelligence,information ; notice published in a newspaper. Ad-ver-ti-ser ( x ad-ver-ti'zur), n. The person or paper that adver- tises. [268-6.] Ad-vice (ad- vise'), n. Counsel ; instruction; notice; intelligence. *Ad-vi-sa-ble (ad-vl'za^bl), a. Prudent; fit to be advised. Ad-vi-sa-ble-ness (ad-vi'za^bl nes), n. The state of being advisable. Ad-vise (ad-vlze'), v. t. To coun sel, inform : — v. i., to consult, consider, deliberate, (ap. p, of, to.) [78-10.] [279-17.] *Ad-vi'sing, p. prs. Ad-vi-sed-ly (ad-vi'zMHe), ad. Deliberately, prudently, heed- fully. Ad-vi-sed-ness (ad-vl'ze 5 dene's), n, Deliberation, prudent procedure. Ad-vise-ment (ad-vize'ment), n. Counsel ; prudence ; information, Ad-vi-ser (ad-vl'zur), n. One who advises ; a counselor. *Ad-vi-so-ry (ad-vl'z&Ye), a. Counseling ; containing advice. *Ad-vo-ca-cy (adV&^kS-sd), n. Vindication ; defence. Ad'vo^ca-cies, n. pi. Ad-yo-cate (ad'v6 x kate), n. One who pleads the cause of another; an intercessor {ap. p. — for) [100-19]:— v. t., to plead for; to support; to defend. Ad'vo^ca-ting, p. prs. Ad-yo-ca-tion ( v ad-v6-ka'shun), n. The office of pleading; defence. *Ad-vow-ee ( x ad-v6u-ee'),w. One who has the right of advowson. * Ad-vow-son (ad-v6u'zun), n. A right of presenting to a benefice. A-dy-nam-ic ( v a-di-nam'lk), a. Destitute of power. * 4 Adz, J A curved iron tool for 4 Adze, J n ' chipping. *iE-Gis (e'jls), n. A shield; an ulcer. *JE-o-li-an-Harp ) (e-6'l£-an- E-o-li-an-Harp j ^harp), n. A musical instrument played by the wind. *A-ER-ATE(a'eVate) v.t.To supply or combine with air or carbonic acid. A'er x a-ting, p. pre. *A-e-ri-al (a-e're v al), a. Belong- ing to the air; high, lofty. [37-37.] *Ae-rie (e're or a're), n. A nest of birds of prey ; an eyry. *A-ER-i-Fi-cA-TiON( v a-ur-e-fi-ka'- shun), n. The act of aerifying. A-er-i-form (a r ur-eY6rm), a. Hav- ing an airy or gaseous form. A-er-i-fy (a'ur-e x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, aerifies.] To combine or supply with air. A'er-iVi-ed, p. prf. ^A'er^lIte, n. A meteoric stone. *A-er-ol-o-gy ( x a-ur-6l'16je), n. The science of the air. x A-er-ol'o\hes, n. pi. A-er-o-man-cy (a'ur-o^man-se), n. The art of divining by the air. * A'er-o^man-cies, n. pi. A-er-om-e-try ( x a-ur-6m'£Hre), n. The art of measuring the air. \A-ER-OM'e X TRIES, fl. pi. A-er-o-naut (a'ur-6 x nawt), n. One who sails through the air. A-ER-o-NAUT-ic ( x a-ur-6-nawt'ik), a. Relating to aeronautics. # a A-er-o-naut'ics, n.pl. The art or science of aerial navigation. A-ER-os-co-PY ( x a-ur-6s'kc- v pe), n. The observation of the air. -^A-er-os'coVies, n.pl. n A-er-o-stat / ic ( x a-ur-6-stat'ik), a. Relating to aerostatics. ^A-er-o-stat'ics, n. pi. The science that treats of the equi- librium of airy or elastic fluids, or of the weight of bodies sup- ported in them ; aerostation. A-ER-os-TA-TioN( N a-ur-6s-ta'shun) Aerostatics ; aerial navigation. iEs-THET-ic ) (es-^et'ik), a. Per- : *Es-thet-ic ) taining to esthetics. .ZEs-thet'ics, j n. pi. The science *Es-thet x ics, j of the beautiful, or the philosophy of taste. 4 A-far', ad. At a great distance. *Af-fa-bil-i-ty ( x af-fa-bil'leHe), n. Easiness of manners; civility AF-FA-BLE(affa x bl),a.Easy of man- ners, courteous, civil. [282-20.] 27 AFF Fate, far, fill, fat- AFF -me, rngt — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, AFT Af-fa-ble-ness (af'fa^bl-n&s), n. Courtesy, affability, urbanity. Af-fa-bly (affable), ad. Cour- teously, civilly. *Af-fair (af-fare'), ». Business, concern, transaction. [100-16.] Af-fect, '(af-fSkf), v. t. To act upon j to move the passions ; to assume; to imitate. [78-21.] [287-6.] [236-13.] Af-fect-a-tion (^af-felit-a'shun), n. The act of making an arti- ficial appearance ; awkward imi- tation; false pretence. [353-17.] Af-fect-ed-ly (af-fekt'ed v l&), ad. In an affected manner. Af-fect-ed-ness (af-ftlkt'edWs), in. The quality of being affected. Af-fect-ing-ly (af-fekt'lng x le), ad. Touchingly. AF-FEC-TiON(af-fek'shun),n. Love, fondness, tenderness, (ap. p. — for.) Disease. AF-FEC-TioN-ATE(af-feVshunlt),a. Fond, tender, warm, kind. *Af-fec-tion-ate-ly (af-f3k'- shunlt-le), ad. Fondly, ten- derly, kindly. AF-FECT-ivE^f-fe'kt'lv) a. Moving. Af-fi-ance (af-fl'anse), n. A marriage contract; trust, confi- dence : — v. t., to betroth, to pledge, to affy. *Af-fi'an x cing,£>. prs. Af-fi-an-cer (af-fl'anVur), n. One who afiiances. *Af-fi-da-vit (\af-fe-da'vlt), n. A written declaration upon oath. Af-fil-i-ate (af-fil'le x ate), v. t. To adopt as a child or associate. Af-fil'i a-ting, p. prs. *AF-FiL-i-A-TioN( N af-fll-e-a'shun), n. Adoption as child or asso- ciate. Af-fin-i-ty (af-fln'e N teO, n. Rela- tion by marriage; bond of union attraction, (ap. p. — to, with, be tween.) [141-30.] [348.] *'Af-fin'iVies, n. pi. Af-firm (af-ferm'), v. t. To ratify; 28 to assert, to aver : — v. i., to de clare solemnly. Af-firm- a-ble ( af-ferm 'a^bl), a. That which may be affirmed. Af-firm-ance (af-ferm'anse), n. Confirmation, declaration. *Af-firm-ant (af-ferm' ant), n. The person that affirms; the affirmer. Af-firm-a-tion faf-ferm-a'shun), n. The act of affirming; the thing affirmed ; a solemn decla- ration in place of an oath. Af-firm-a-tive (af-ferm'a r tlv), a. That which affirms : — n., the side of a discussion which affirms. Af-firm-a-tive-ly (af-ferm'aHiv- \&),ad. Positively, not negatively. Af-firm-er (af-f&rm'ur), n. One who affirms ; the affirmant. *Af-fix (af'flks), n. A particle united to the end of a word ; a Af'fix v es, n. pi. [suffix. Af-fix (af-fiks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, affixes.] To unite to the end, to subjoin, to suffix. Af-fla-tion (af-fla'shun), n. The act of breathing upon. Af-flict (af-fllkt'), v. t. To put to pain ; to grieve ; to torment. [47-6.] AF-FLiCT-ED-NESS(af-fllkt'M x nes), n. Sorrowfulness, grief, affliction. Af-flic-tion (af-fllk'shiin), n. The cause of sorrow or pain ; misery, calamity. [86-21.] [297-22.] Af-flict-ive (af-fllktlv), a. Pain- ful, tormenting, calamitous. *Af-flu-ence (af'fhVense), n. Exuberance of riches; plenty. [378-9.] 'Af'flt^ent,^ Abundant, wealthy. Af-flu-ent-ly (af tiu-SntHe), ad. In an affluent manner. Af-flux (af'fluks), n. The act of flowing to ; affluence. Af'flux x es, n. pi. *Af-flux-ion (af-fluk'shun), n. The act of flowing to; that which flows. 4 Af-f6rd', v. t. To yield or pro- duce ; to be able to bear the ex- pense of. [70.] [268-11.] Af-fray (af-fra'), n. A petty fight, an encounter, a quarrel. Af-freight (af-fr&te'), v. t. To hire or charter a ship for trans- porting goods. -Af-fright (af-frlte'), n. Terror, fear : — v. t., to affect with fear, terrify. *Af-front (af-frunt'), n. An in- sult, offence : — v. (., to offend, insult. [340-9.] Af-fuse (af-fuze'), v - f« To pour on. Af-fu'sing, p. prs. *Af-fu-sion (af-fu'zhun) ? n. The act of pouring upon. Af-fy (af-fi0, v. t. [prs. t. 3, affies.] To betroth; to bind; to affiance. *Af-fi-ed (af-f lde r ), p. prf. *A-FiELD(a-feeldO,arf. To the field. A-float (a-fl6te'), ad. Floating. A-foot (a-fut'), ad. On foot; in action. 4 A-f6re', ad. In time past; in front: — prp., before; sooner in time. *A-fore-SAId (a-f6re'sed), a. Said before. [time past. A-fore-time (a-f6re'tlme), ad. In A-foul (a-f6ul'), a. Entangled :— ad., across, athwart, (ap.p. — of.) A-fraid (a-frade'), a. Fearful. A-fresh (a-freVn'), ad. Anew. *A-front (a-frunf), ad. In front. Aft (aft), ad. or a. [after — after- most, aftmost.] Behind, astern. Af-ter (af'tur), prp. Following in time or place ; behind ; in pursuit of; according to : — ad., later in time,afterwards : — a.com., later ; latter : — see aft. Af-ter-Clap (af tur'klap), n. An event which happens after an affair appears to be at an end. Af-ter-Crop (af tur v kr6p), n. A second harvest. Af-ter-most. See aft. AGG. AGI n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611— p6und — thin, this. AGR Af-ter-noon ( x af-tur-n66n'), n, The time from noon to evening. Af-ter-Piece (af'tur v peese), n. A piece following a play. Af-ter-thought (aftur v ^awt), n Reflections after the act ; a later thought. Af-ter-ward (af'turVurd), j Af-ter-wards (afturVurdz), j ad. In succeeding time. Af-ter-Wit (aftur x wlt), n. Wis- dom that comes too late. A-GAiN(a-geV),ad. A second time; once more; in return; besides. A-gainst (a-g^nsf), prp. Oppo- site to ; in contact with ; in re- serve for. A-gape (a-gap'), ad. Staring with eagerness or surprise. * Ag-ate (ag'lt), n. A kind of type ; quartz : — see chalcedony. * Ag-a-ty (ag'aHe), a. Partaking of the nature of agate. 4 A-ga/ve, n. The American aloe. Aoe (aje), n. A period of time; an era ; a generation of men ; a century; length of life; major ity ; maturity; the decline of life. [25-38.]f A-ged (a/jM), a. Old; stricken in years : — n., old persons. A-gen-cy (a'jeVse), n. The quality of acting; office of an agent: operation ; instrumentality. [77-33.] [182-19.] *A'gen x cies, n. pi. A-gent (a'jint), n. An actor; a factor; a deputy; a producing cause. [64-25.] 4 Ag-gl6m'er\Lte, v. t. To gather up into a ball or mass. Ag-glom'er v a-ting, p. prs. Ag-glom-er-a-tion (ag x gl6m-gr- a'shun), n. A heaping together ; a mass. *AG-GLU-Ti-NANT(ag-glu'te N nant), n. Any adhesive substance :- a., causing adherence of parts, Ag-glu-ti-nate (ag-glu't^nate), v. t. To unite one part to another. Ag-glu'ti n na-ting, p. prs. Ag-gltt-ti-na-tion (ag x glu-t^-na'- shun), n. Union, cohesion, Ag-glu-ti-na-tive (ag-glu'te^na- tlv), a. Tending or causing to unite. 4 Ag'gran v d1ze, v. t. To make great ; to enlarge ; to exalt. Ag'gran^di-zing, p. prs. * 4 AG A GRAN X DizE-MENT, n. The state of being aggrandized; exaltation. 4 Ag'graV1te, v. t. To make any thing worse ; to provoke. [326.] * Ag'graVa-ting, p. p> rs - AG-GRA-vA-Tiox( x ag-gra-va'shun) n. The act of aggravating; that which makes worse; provoca- tion. [172-11.]' * 4 Ag'gre v gate, v. t. To collect together [240-17] : — n., the sum of collected parts ; the total. Ag'gre^ga-tixg, p. prs. Ag-gre-gate (ag'gre v glt), a. Total; framed by collecting parts. AG-GRE-GA-Tiox( v ag-gre-ga / shu.n), n. The act of collecting; the collection of many particulars. 4 Ag'gre-ga v tive, a. Causing ag- gregation; collective. * 4 AG-GEESS', V. t. [prs. t. 3, AG- GRESSES.] To commit the first act of violence or injury. *Ag-gres-sion (ag-gre'sh'un), ». The first act of injury; assault. Ag-gress-ive (ag-greViv), a. In- vading, attacking, offensive, *Ag-gress-or (ag-greVsur) ,n. An assaulter; an invader. Ag-grieve (ag-greev'), v. t. To give sorrow; to vex; to harass; to injure. *Ag-griey'ixg, p. prs. *Ag-group (ag-gr66p')> v. t. To bring together into one figure. *A-ghast (a-gasf), a. Struck with horror, amazed. f *A-gile (aj'U), a. Nimble, spry, active. *A-gil-i-ty (a-jil'le x te), n. Nim- S* bleness, quickness, activity. [247-6.] A-gil'i x ties, n. pi. A-gi-o (a'je^o), n. The difference between the value of bank-notes and current coin. *A-gi-o-tage (a'je x 6-tij), n. The manoeuvres of speculators to affect the state of the money market. A-gi-tate (aj'eHate), v. t. To put in motion ; to disturb ; to dis- cuss ; to shake. [142-11.] f *Ag'i x ta-ting, p. prs. A-gi-ta-tion ( v aj-&-ta'shun), m Act of agitating; state of being agitated; discussion; perturba- tion. [271-16.] • *A-gi-ta-tor (aj'eHa-tur), n. He who agitates ; a disturber. 4 Ag'let, n. A tag of a point carved ; a pendant. Ag-nail (ag'nale), n. A whitlow. Ag-na-tion (4g-na'shun), n. De- scent from the same father. 4 Ag-n6'men t , n. A name given to a person from some exploit; as, Scipio Africanus. 4 Ag'nu-s De'1, n. In the Romish Church, a small waxen image representing our Saviour in the figure of a lamb. 4 A-g6', ad. Past; as, long ago. *A-G6a',ad. In a state of eager hope. 4 A-G6'ixG, ad. In action; going. Ag-o-nism (5,g'6 x nlzm), n. Con- tention for a prize. X4 Ag-6-Mst', n. A contender for a prize in public games. Ag-o-nis-tic (ag-6-nis'tlk), Ag-o-nis-tic-al (ag-6-nis'te x kal), a. Relating to prize-fighting. * 4 Ag'6V1ze, v. i. To be in exces- sive pain: — v. t., to torture. [85-36.] [333-4.] AgVni-zing, p. prs. Ag-o-ny (ag'6\ie), n. The pangs of death ; violent pain ; anguish. *AgVnies, n. pi. *A-gra-ri-an (a-gra're r an), a, 29 AIL ALA Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met— pine, pln- -no, move, ALC Relating to equal division of lands: — n., one who favors an equal division of property. **A-gree', v. i. To be in concord to concur j to be consistent; to settle amicably; to accede; to assent, (ap. p. — with persons ; tit propositions; upon conditions.) A-gree-a-ble (a-gree'a x bl), a. Suitable to; consistent with; pleasing, (ap. p. — to.) *A-gree-a-ble-ness (&-gree'a x bl- nes), n. Consistency with ; plea- santness. A-gree-a-bly (a-gree'a v ble), ad. Consistently ; pleasingly. # 4 A-gree'ment, n. Concord, com- pact; conformity. [101-27.]f A-gres-tic (jt-gres'tik), a. Rude, unpolished, rustic, rural. Ag-ri-cul-tu-ral ( v ag-re-kul r - tshu v ral), a. Relating to agri- culture. [». Tillage, husbandry. AG-Ri-cuL-TURE(ag'reVul-tshure). #Ag-ri-cul-tu-rist ( x ag-re-k-ll'- tshuVist), n. A farmer. 4 A-gr6^nd', ad. Stranded, hin- dered by the ground. *A-gue (a'gu), n. An intermitting fever ; the chills. ^A'gt^Ish, a. Having the quali- ties of an ague ; chilly. M/gt^Ish-ness, n. Chilliness. Ah (a), in. A word denoting dis- like, contempt, surprise, exulta- tion, complaint, compassion. 3 A-ha', in. A word denoting tri- umph, pleasure, surprise. A-head (a-hed'), ad. Farther on ; in advance ; onward. Aid (ade), n. Help, support; sub- sidy : — v. t., to help ; to relieve. *Aid-de-Camp ) fade-de-kawng') Aide-de-Camp J n. An officer who attends a military com- mander to carry his orders. ^Aides-de-camp^, n. pi. Ail (ale), v. t. To trouble; to pain: — v. i. $ to be in pain; to be troubled. 30 *Ail-ment (ale'ment), n. Pain, Aim (ame), v. t. To direct or level a missile weapon : — v. i., to direct toward ; to strive : — n., direction towards a point; de sign, intention; endeavor; con jecture. Air (are), n. The fluid which we breathe; the atmosphere; a gen tie gale; a tune; mien; an af- fected or labored manner or ges ture : — v. t., to expose to the air; to take the air; to warm; to ventilate. Air'ing, p.prs. : — n., a short jaunt. Air-GtUN (are'gun), n. A gun discharged with air. Air-Hole (are'hdle), n. A hole for admitting or discharging air. Air-i-ly (are'e'le), ad. Gayly. *Air-i-ness (are'e v nes), n. Expo- sure to the air; lightness, gayety. Air-Pump (are'pump), n. A ma- chine by which the air of proper vessels is exhausted. Air-Shaft (are'shaft), n. A pas- sage for ventilating mines. *Air-y (are'e), a. [airier — air- iest.] Composed of air; gay. Aisle (lie), n. The walk in a church. 4 A-j1r', ad. Partly open, as a door. 'A-k!m , b6, a. Crooked, arched. A-k1n', a. Allied to by blood; related to ; of like properties. Al-a-bas-ter (al'la x bas-tur), n. A kind of gypsum or sulphate of lime : it is white, semi-trans- lucent, and easily wrought into ornaments : — a., made of ala- baster. A-lack (a-lak')> in. Alas; noting sorrow ; alackaday. A-lack-a-day (a-lak'a v da), in. A word noting sorrow and melan- choly; alack. *A-lac-ri-ty (a-lak're v te), n Cheerful readiness; joyousness [315.] * X4 Al-a-m6de', ad. According to the fashion. 4 A-lArm', n. Cry of danger; sud- den terror; summons to arms [371-17] : — v. t., to surprise; to call to arms ; to terrify. 4 A-lArm'1st, n. One who excites alarm or predicts danger. 4 A-lar'#m, n. An alarm. 4 A-LAS r , in. A word expressing lamentation, pity, or concern. 4 Alb, n. A surplice. * 4 Al'bA-tr6ss, n. A large sea-bird. 3 Al-be'1t, ad. Although, notwith- standing, [coming white,whitish. *Al-bes-cent (al-beVsent),a. Be- 4 Al-b1'n6 (or al-be'n6), n. A white negro ; any animal unnaturally white. *Al-bi'nos, n. pi. ^AL-BU-GiN-E-ouspal-bu-jln'e'us) i. Like the white of eggs. 4 Al'b$m, n. A book for autographs and literary souvenirs. Al-ca-hest I (al'ka^hest), n. A *Al-ka-hest J universal solvent. *Al-CAid (al-kade r ), n. In Spain, a governor of a castle or fort *Al-cal-de (al-kal'de), n. In Spain, a magistrate or judge. Al-chem-i-cal (al-kem'e v kal), a. Relating to alchemy. Al-che-mist (al'ke v mlst), n. One skilled in alchemy.f *Al-che-my (al'ke^mS), n. Occult chemistry ; the transmutation of the baser metals into gold. Al-chy-my, n. See alchemy. Al-co-hol (al'k6 N h6l), n. The highly rectified spirit of wine. , *Al-co-hol-ic ( N al-k6-h61 / lk), a. Containing alcohol. AL-co-HOL-i-zA-TioN( v al-k6 r h6l-e- za'shun), n. The act of rectify- ing spirits. [To rectify spirits. Al-co-ho-lize (al'kd-h6 v lize), v. t. Al'co-ho^li-zing, p. prs. Al-co-ran ) (al'koVan), n. The Al-ko-ran j book of the Moham- medan faith; the Koran. ALI nSr, n&t- ALK -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. ALL Al-cove (al-k6ve' or al'kdve), n. A private recess to lie or sit in. Al-der (al'dur), n. A tree. Al-der-man (al'dur x man), n. A magistrate of a town corporate. Al'der^men, n. pi. AL-DERN(al'durn),a. Made of alder. \Ale, n. A fermented malt liquor. A-LEM-Bic (a-lein'blk), n. A vessel used in distilling; a still. 4 A-lert', a. Watchful, vigilant, brisk. [ness. 4 A-lert'ness, n. Vigilance, brisk- x Ale'w1fe, n. A woman who keeps an alehouse ; a small fish. Ale'wives, n. pi. ^AL-EX-AN-DRiNE^al-egz-an'drin) n. A verse of twelve syllables. A-lex-i-phar-mic (a r lek-se-far'- mlk), a. That which expels poi- son; antidotal: — n., antidote. *A-LEX-irTER-ic (a^lek-se-terlk), n. Alexipharmic : — a., antidotal. Al-ge-bra (al'je N bra), n. The science of computing by arbi- trary signs. *Al-ge-bra-ic ( x al-je-bra'lk), a. Relating to algebra. Al-ge-bra-ist ( x al-je-bra'lst), n. One skilled in algebra. A-li-as (a'le'as), ad. Otherwise : — n., a second writ; an assumed or a second name. A'llas-es, n. pi. *Al-i-bi (al'e^bi), n. A plea set- ting forth that the accused was elsewhere when the crime was committed. *Al-ien (ale'yen), n. A foreigner; a stranger : — a., foreign, es- tranged from, not allied to. Al-ien-a-ble (ale'yen'a-bl), a. That which may be transferred. Al-ien-ate (ale'yen x ate), v. t. To transfer; to withdraw affection (op. p. — from) : — a., withdrawn from; estranged. *Ai/ien^a-ting, p. pra. AL-iEN-A-TiON( v ale-yen-a'shun),n. The act of transferring property ; estrangement; mental derange- ment. *Al-ien-a-tor ( y ale-yen-a'tur), n. One who alienates. *Al-ien-ee ( x ale-yen-ee')> n. One to whom a thing is sold. *A-light (a-lite')> v. i. To come down; to dismount; to come to rest. *A-lign-ment (a-llne'ment), n. The fixing of a line; the line established. 4 A-l1ke', ad. With resemblance; in the same manner ; equally : — a., similar, like, equal. *Al-i-ment (al'le x ment), n. Nour- ishment; food. Al-i-ment-al ( x al-le-ment'al), a. That which nourishes. *AL-i-MENT-A-RY( x al-le-ment'aVe) a. Having power to nourish; relating to food. Al-i-men-ta-tion ( x al-le-men-ta'- shun), n. The act of nourishing. Al-i-men-tive-ness ( x al-le-meV- tlv x nes), n. Appetite for food. Al-i-mo-ny (al'le v mun-ne), n. Le- gal proportion of a husband's estate allowed to his wife upon their separation. *Ai/i x mon-ies, n, pi. *Al-i-ped (al'le^ped), a. Wing- footed. *Al-i-quant (al'le^kwant), a. Noting those parts of a number which will not measure it. *"Al-i-quot (al'e v kw6t), a. Noting those parts of a number which will divide it without a remainder. A-li ve (a-llve'), a. Not dead, active. *Al-ka-hest. See alcahest. *Al-ka-les-cent ( x al-ka-les'sent), a. Partaking of alkali. Al-ka-li (al'kaHe or al'ka^ll), n. That which neutralizes acids. *Al/ka v lies, n. pi. Al-ka-line (al'ka v lln), a. Having the qualities of alkali. AL-KA-LizE(al'kaMize),i\£. To make Al'ka^li-zlng, p. prs. [alkaline. 4 Ai/KA v LdiD, n. A vegetable prin- ciple of an alkaline nature. 4 Ai/k6-ra:n, ii. See alcoran. 3 All, n. The Whole ; every thing : — a., the whole of; every one of: — ad., quite; completely; wholly. Al-lay (al-kV), v. t. To pacify, quiet, soothe, assuage, repress. Al-lay-er (al-la'ur), n. The per- son or thing that allays. Al-lay-ment (al-la'ment), n. That which allays ; state of rest after disturbance. *AL-LE-GA-TiON( r al-le-ga'shun),7i. An affirmation, a plea, an excuse. Al-lege (al-leje/), v. t. To affirm, declare, maintain ; to urge. *Al-leg'ing, p. prs. *Al-lege-a-ble (al-leje'a^bl), a. That which may be alleged. *Al-le-giance (al-le'janse), n. The duty of subjects to the gov- ernment; loyalty. [51-15.] Al-le-gor-ic (al-le-g6r'ik), *Al-le-gor-i-cal ( x al-le-g6r'e- N kal), a. In the form of an alle- gory; not real; not literal; figurative. Al-le-gor-i-cal-ly ( y al-le-g6r / e- x kal-le), ad. In an allegorical manner. 4 AL'LE x GO-RizE, v. t. To form an allegory : — v. i. } to speak alle- gorically. *AL'LE x GO-Rrzi.NG, p. prs. *Al-le-gor-y (al'le x g6r-re), n. A figurative discourse; a fable; a parable; a type. [110.] j- Al'le x gor-ies, n. pi. Al-le-lu-jah fal-le-155'ya), in. or n. Praise to Jehovah ! — usually written hallelujah. *Al-le-vi-ate (al-le've^ate), v. t. To make light; to ease, soften. [342.] Al-le'vi n a-ting, p. prs. Al-le-vi-a-tion (aTle-ve-a'shun), n. That by which pain is eased or fault extenuated; mitigation; relief. [190-9.] 31 ALL ALM Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, ALP *Al-ley (al'le), n. A walk; a narrow passage or street. Al-li-ance (al-li'anse), n. A union by treaty, marriage, or friend- ship; relation, affinity, league, coalition, confederacy, (ap. p. — with.) [260-28.] Al-li-gate (al'le^gate), v. U To tie together; to unite. Ai/li x ga-ting, p. prs. Al-LI-ga-tion (^al-le-ga/shun), n. An arithmetical rule, relating to the composition and value of compounds; the act of tying to- gether. Al-li-ga-tor ( x al-le-ga r tur), n. The crocodile of America. *Al-lis-ion (al-lizh'un), n. The act of striking one thing against another. ^Al-lit-er-a-tion (anit-er-a/- shun), n. The repetition of a letter or sound in several con- tiguous words : as, " How high he holds his head." Al-lo-cu-tion ^al-^-ku'shun), n. The act of speaking to another. *Al-lo-di-al (al-16'de'al), a. Not feudal; independent; freehold. Al-lo-di-um (al-ld'de^um), n. Land held in one's own right. *Al-longe (al-lunje'), n. A pass or thrust with a rapier or sword ; a lunge. 4 Al-l66', v. t. To set on; halloo. Al-lo-path-ic (^al-16-pa^'lk), a. Relating to allopathy. 4 Al-l6p'aVAist, n. A physician who practices allopathy. AL-LOP-A-THY(al-16p / a^e), n. The practice of curing the sick by producing symptoms different from those of the disease : — op- posed to HOMEOPATHY. * 4 Al-l6t',v. t. To distribute by lot ; to parcel out; to assign. [188-2.] *Al-lot'ting, p. prs. *Al-lot'ted, p. prf. * 4 Al-l6t'ment, n. Part or share allotted. [342-2.] 32 Al-low (al-l6u / ), v. t. To admit, grant; to make abatement. *Al-low-a-ble (al-lMTbl), a. That which may be admitted ; lawful. Al-low-a-ble-ness (al-16u r a N bl nes), n. Lawfulness. Al-low-ance (al-l6u'anse), n Sanction, license; permission abatement: — v. t., to put on al- lowance. Al-loy (al-l5e r ), n. Baser metal mixed with finer ; a mixture of metals ; that which deteriorates : — v. L, to mix metals ; to debase by mixing. *All-spice (al'splse), n. Jamaica pepper; the pimenta berry. 4 Al-l-^de', v. i. To refer indirectly ; to hint at. (ap. p. — to.) ^Al-lu'ding, p. prs. 4 Al-l^tre / , v. t. To entice, to tempt. -^Al-lu'ring, p. prs. [temptation ^l-lt'tre'ment, n. Enticement, AL-LU-RER(al-lu'rur),n.Anenticer. Al-ltj-ring-ly (al-lu'rlngle), ad. Enticingly, temptingly. Al-lu-sion (al-lu'zhun), n. A hint; an implication. [158-8.] [343-7.] Al-lu-sive (al-lu/siv), a. Hinting. *Al-ltt-vi-al (al-lu've'al), a. Washed to land; deposited by water. Al-lu-vi-on (al-lu've^un), ) Al-lu-vi-um (al-lu've v um), j n ' Soil carried and deposited by water. Al-lu'vi x a, n. pi. Al-ly (al-11' or dial), v. t. To unite by marriage, friendship, or confederacy : — n., one united by marriage, friendship, or con- federacy. [110.] *Al-lies', n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. *Al-li'ed, p. prf. *Al-ma MA-TER(al r ma ma'tur), n. The institution in which one was educated: "Benign mother." *Al-ma-nac (al'ma v nak), n. An annual calendar. *Al-might-i-ness (4l-ml't^nSs),tt. Omnipotence. Al-might-y (al-mi'te), a. Of un- limited power ; omnipotent : — n., God. *Al-mond (a'mund or al'mtind), n. The nut of the almond-tree. Al-monds, n. pi. The two glands of the throat ; tonsils. Al-mo-ner (al'mc^nur), n. The officer who distributes charity. AL-MON-RY(aKmunVe),n. The place where alms are distributed. *Ai/mon\ries, n. pi. [Nearly. Al-most (al / m6st or al-m6st'), ad. ALMS(amzoramz) ,n.sing .orp^.Thing or things given to relieve the poor. * Alms-house (&mz'h6use), n. An hospital for the poor. Al-oe (al'6), n. A tree. *Ai/oes, n. pi. The juice of the aloe ; a drug. *Al-o-et-ic ( v al-6-et r ik), \ Al-o-et-i-cal ( x al-6-eWkal), I a ' Consisting chiefly of aloes. 4 A-l6ft', prp. Above: — ad., on high ; in the air ; in the rigging. 4 A-l6ne', a. Single; without com- pany; solitary. 4 A-l6ng', ad. Onward; forward; in company with : — prp., near ; over the face of; lengthwise; throughout. 4 A-L66F r , ad. At a distance. 4 A-LduD r , ad. Loudly; with a great noise. *AL-PAC-A(al-pak'a),n. The Peru- vian sheep ; a cloth of their wool. Al-pha (al'fa), n. The first letter in the Greek alphabet; the first. Al-pha-bet (alWb&t), n. The letters of a language : — v. t., to arrange in alphabetical order. Al-pha-bet-ic fal-fa-bel'lk), AL-PHA-BET-i-CAL( x al-fa-bet'e v kal) a. According to the series of letters. Al-pha-bet-i-cal-ly fal-fa-be't'- e x kal-le), ad. According to the order of the letters. ALT AMA nSr, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611,— pMnd— *Ain, this. AMB Il-pine (al'pln or al'pine), a. Be longing to the Alps j high. Al-read-y (al-rM'de), ad. At this time, now ; before the present. 3 Al's6, ad. In the same manner, likewise : — con. c, in addition. *Al-tar (al'tur), n. A place on which offerings toHeaven are laid; the communion-table. [55-12.] *Al-ter (al'tur), v. t. To change : — v. i., to suffer change, to vary. (op. p. — to.) Al-ter-a-ble (al'tur'a-bl), a. Ad- mitting of change. Al-ter-a-bly (al'tur v a-ble), ad. In such a manner as may be altered. Al-ter-a-tion ( x al-tur-a'shun), n. A changing, change, (ap. p. — in.) Al-ter-a-tive (al'tur N a-tiv), n. A medicine which changes the constitution : — a., changing. Al-ter-cate (al'tur^kate), v. i. To contend with words; to wrangle. Ai/ter v ca-ting, p. prs. AL-TER-CA-TiONfal-tur-ka'shun),?!. Debate, controversy, dispute. Al-ter-nate (al-tur'nate or al'tur- x nate), v. t. To perform by turns : — v.i., to happen or act by turns. Al-ter'na v ting, p. prs. Al-ter-nate (al-tur'nlt), a. By turns, reciprocal : — n. f that which happens by turns. Al-ter-nate-ly (al-tur'nit^le), ad. In reciprocal succession, by turns. [37-14.] [182-6.] Al-ter-na-tion fal-tSr-na'shun), n. Reciprocal succession. *Al-ter-na-tiye (al-ter'na v tiv), w. The choice of two things : — a., offering a choice of two things. [51-30.] Al-ter-na-tive-ly (al-teVnaHlv- le), ad. By turns, reciprocally. *AL-TH0UGH(al-TH6'), con. d. Not- withstanding, however, though, grant, if. (cor. c. — yet or still.) Al-tim-e-try (al-tlm'e v tre), n. The art of measuring altitudes or heights. C **Ai»-rfs'dVl.NT, a. High sounding. *AL-Ti-TUDE(al'teHude),??.. Height, the elevation of a heavenly body above the horizon. 4 Al't6, ad. " High :" — n., the highest part for male voices. Al-to-geth-er ( N al-t6-geYH'ur), ad. Completely; conjunctly. 4 Al'um, n. A mineral salt of as- tringent properties. 4 A-Lu'MfNA, n. Pure clay; the oxide of aluminum. *Al-u-mi-nous (al-lu'me x nus), a. Consisting of alum or alumina. 4 A-Lu'Mf num, n. A white metal : — also written aluminium. 4 A-lum'nus, n. A graduate. A-lum'xi, n. pi. masculine. A-lum'nje, n. pi. feminine. j^** Alumna is proposed to dis- tinguish female graduates. Al-ways (al'waze), ad. Perpetu- ally, constantly, for ever. Am, prs. t. 1 of be. Am-a-bil-i-ty. See amiability. *A-maix (a-mane'), ad. With vehemence. * 4 A-mal'gam, n. The mixture of mercury with another metal; a mixture. 4 A-mal'ga\mate, v, t. To mix mercury with another metal; to mix : — v. i., to unite in an amal- gam ; to blend. A-MAL ; GA X MA-TING, p. prs, *A-mal-ga-ma-tiox (a v mal-ga- nia'shun), ». Act of amalga- mating. *A x man-u-en's!s, n. One who writes what another dictates. *A x MAN-u-EN r SES,n.^Z. Secretaries. Am-a-ranth (am'aVanfA), n. A plant ; an unfading flower. *Am-a-ran-thine ( x am-a-ran'iMn) a. Consisting of amaranths. 4 A-MASS', V. t. [prs. t. 3, AMASSES.] To collect; to heap up. [69-22.] 4 A-mass'ment, n. Accumulation. *Am-a-teur ( x am-a-ture' or v am-a- tur'), n. A lover of any art or science, not a professor ; a vir- tuoso. 4 Am'a-t1ve x ness, n. Propensity to love. Am-a-to-ri-AL ( x am-a-t6're^al), a. Concerning love ; amatory. Am-a-tor-y (am'aHur-re), a. Re- lating to love ; amatorial. *Am-au-ro-sis ( x arn-aw-rd'sis), n. Diminution or complete loss of sight; the drop-serene. 4 A-maze', v. t. To confuse with terror; to perplex; to confound with surprise [72-40] [337-17] : — n., astonishment, confusion. A -ma' zing, p. prs. A-ma-zed-ly (a-ma'zed x le), ad. Confusedly; with amazement. 4 A-maze'ment, ». A feeling of mingled surprise and wonder; astonishment, confusion. A-ma-zing-ly (a-ma'zlngHe), ad. Wonderfully. Am-a-zon (am'a\zun), n. A war- like woman ; a virago. *Am-bas-sa-dor (am-bas'saMur), n. A minister of the highest rank, sent by a state to represent its interests or proclaim its pol- icy before the government of an- other ; an embassador. [230-24.] ^m-bas'sI^dress, n. The lady of an ambassador. *"Am-bas'sa x dress-es, n. pi. Am-ber (am'bur), n. A yellow, transparent, carbonaceous mine- ral :—a., consisting of amber. Am-ber-gris (am'bur^grees), n. A fragrant drug. Am-bi-dex-ter ( x am-be-d6ks'tur), n. One who can use both hands with equal dexterity ; a double- dealer. Am-bi-dex-ter-i-ty pam-b^-d&ks^ ter'eHe), n. The state of being ambidextrous; double-dealing. -Am-bi-dex-trous ( y am-be-deks'- trus), a. Using both hands alike. AM-Bi-ENT(am'be^nt), a. Surround- ing, encompassing, investing. 33 AMB AMI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, AMO Am-bi-gu-i-ty ( x am-be-gu'e x te), n. Uncertainty of signification. ^Am-BI-GuYtIES, n. pi. Am-big-u-ous (ain-big'u^us), a. Doubtful ; having two meanings. AM-BiG-u-ous-LY(am-big'u N us-le), ad. In an ambiguous manner. ^AM-BiG-u-ous-NESs(am-blg / u x us- nes),«. Uncertainty of meaning. 4 Am'b!t, n. The compass or cir- cuit of any thing. Am-bi-tion (am-bish'un), n. Eager desire of preferment, fame, or power ; aspiration. [84-12.] [257-23.] Am-bi-tious (am-bish'us), a. Fired with ambition, {ap. p. — of, to.) AM-Bi-Tious-LY(am-bish'us v le), ad. Aspiringly, eagerly. Am-blb (am'bl), v. i. To pace; to move easily : — n., an easy pace. Am'bling, p. prs. Am-bler (am/blur), n. A pacer. Am-bling-ly (am'bllng^le), ad. With an ambling movement. AM-BRO-si-A-(am-br6'zhe x a), n. The imaginary food of the gods ; the name of a plant. Am-bro-si-al (ani-br6'zhe v al), a. Delicious ; partaking of the na- ture of ambrosia ; fragrant. Am-bro-type (am'br6Hlpe), n. A daguerreotype taken upon glass. * Ambs-ace (amz'ase or amz'ase'), n. A double ace, aces. Am-bu-lance (am'buHans), n. A movable hospital attached to an army. 4 Am'b^lant, a. "Walking, roving. Am-bu-la-tion fam-bu-la'shun), n. The act of walking; roaming. AM-BU-LA-T0R-Y(am'bu4a v tur-re), a. Walking : — n., a place to walk in. Am-bus-cade (^am-bus-kade')* w. A secret station in which men lie to surprise others ; an am- bush : — v. t., to secretly lie in wait for. 34 "Am'b^tsh, n. The post where sol- diers 'are placed in order to fall unexpectedly upon an enemy an ambuscade ; the state of lying in wait [111-5] : — v. t., to place in ambush. Am'bush^es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. "AM'BtJSH^MENT, n. An ambush. A-MEL-io-RATE(a-meel r y6 x rate),vJ. To make better; to improve. A-mel-io-ra-tion (a-rneel'y6 N ra- shun), n. Improvement. A-men (a'meV or a-men'. In music, S/rneV), ad. So be it {after a prayer) ; so it is {after a creed). A-me-na-ble (a-me'na^bl), a. Responsible, accountable, (ap. p.— to.) 4 A-mend', v. t. To correct; to rec- tify; to reform : — v.i., to improve. A-MEND-A-TOR-Y(a-mend / aHur-re), a. Corrective. 4 A-mend'ment, n. A change for the better; reformation of life; recovery of health; correction of an error. [200-3.] A-mends (a-mendz'), w. sing. and^J. Recompense; satisfaction. A-men-i-ty (a-men'eHe), n. Agree- ableness of situation or address. A-men'i x ties, n. pi. *A-merce (a-merse'), v. t. To punish with a fine. {ap. p. — in.) A-mer'cing, p. prs. [sets a fine. A-mer-cer (4-mer'sur), n. He that *A-merce-ment (a-merse'ment), n. A fine imposed at the dis- cretion of the court. *Am-e-thyst (am'e^Mst), n. A precious stone of a violet color. AM-E-THYS-TiNE(^am-e-#Ms'tln), a. Resembling an amethyst. "*A-mi-a-bil-i-ty ( x a-me-a-bll'eHe) n. Loveliness, amiableness. A-mi-A-ble (a'me v a-bl), a. Lovely, pleasing, charming. [258-5.] A-mi-a-ble-ness (a'nie^a-brnes), n. Loveliness, agreeableness. A-mi-A-bly (a'me v a-ble), ad. In such a manner as to excite love. Am-i-ca-ble (am'e v ka-bl), a. Kind, friendly, peaceable. Aif-i-CA-BLE-NESs(am'e^ka-brn5s) n. Friendliness, good will. Am-i-ca-bly (am'e x ka-ble), ad. In a friendly way, peaceably. Am-ice (ain'mis), n. The under- most part of a priest's habit. 4 A-mid', I prp. In the midst ; 4 A-m1dst', j among; mingled with. A-miss (a-mls'), ad. Faultily: — a., wrong, improper. [244-27.] *Am-i-ty (am'eHe), n. Friendship, harmony, good will. Amities, n. pi. 4 Am-m6'n1 x a, n. A volatile alkali; spirit of hartshorn. Am-mo-ni-ac (ani-m »• An affair of gallantry ; a love-intrigue. *-AM-PHiB-i-AN(am-fib'e x an),n. An amphibious animal. *Am-phib-i-ous (am-flb'e x us), a. That which can live in two elements. Am-phib-i-ous-xess (am-flb'e x us- nes), w. The quality of being able to live in different elements. A>r-PHi-BOL-o-GY( x am-fe-b&l'16 x je), n. Discourse of uncertain mean- ing. Am-phib-o-lotts (am-flb'6 x lus), a. Tossed from one to another; am- biguous ; of doubtful meaning. Am-phib-o-ly (am-flb'6 x le), n. Am- biguity of meaning. Am-phi-brach (ain'fe x brak), n. A poetic foot of three syllables, the second long or accented, the others not. Am-phis-ci-i (am-fish'^l), n. pi, Inhabitants of the torrid zone, whose shadows fall sometimes north and sometimes south. Am-phi-the-a-ter J ( x ain-fe-tfie'- *Am-phi-the-a-tre j a v tur), n. A building in a circular form, having its area encompassed with rows of seats one above another, for public exhibitions. Am-ple (ani'pl), a. Large ; ex- tended,- wide; adequate. [95.] [352-20.] Aj[-PLi-Fi-cA-TiON(^ani-ple-fe-ka'- shun),7i. Enlargement,extension. *Am-pli-fi-er (am'ple x fi-ur), n. One that exaggerates. *Am-pli-fy (am'ple x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, amplifies.] To enlarge ; to exaggerate ; to treat diffusely : — v. i. y to dilate : to exaggerate [245.] *Am'pli x fied, p. prf. Aji-pli-tude (am'ple x tude), n. Ex- tent, largeness, copiousness abundance. [290-9.] Am-ply (arn'ple), ad. Largely, liberally, fully. [88-31.] 4 Am'pt!t x tate, v. t. To cut off a limb. Am'pu^ta-ting, p. prs. Am-pu-ta-tion ( x am-pu-ta'shun), n. The act of cutting off a limb. "Amulet, n. A charm; a thing worn to prevent or dispel evil. A-muse (a-niuze'), v. t. To divert, entertain. [77-15.] [232-24.] A-MIj'SING, p. prs. A-muse-mext (a-muze'm3nt), n. Diversion, entertainment. A-MU-siVE(a-mu , slv),a. Diverting. 4 An, article. One (but with less em- phasis), any, or some. See A. u An-a-bap'tIst, n. One who be- lieves that adults alone should be baptized. *Ax-ach-o-rite (an-ak'dVlte), n. A monk who leaves the convent for a more solitary life ; a hermit. *Ax-ach-ro-xism (an-ak'r6 x nlzm), n. An error in computing time. An-a-cox-da ( x an-a-k6n'da), n. A large species of serpent. *An-^es-thet-ic ( x an-e3-*Aetlk), a. Suspending sensation. 4 Ax'a x gram, n. The change of one word into another by recombining its letters : as, lawyers, sly ware. ^Ax-a-gram'maMst, n. A maker of anagrams, [make anagrams. X4 Ax-a-gram'ma x t1ze, v. i. To * x Ax-a-gram'ma x ti-zixg, p. prs. Ax-a-lep-tic ( x an-a-lep'tlk), a. Restorative, strengthening, tonic. Ax-a-log-i-cal fan-a-loj'e'kal), a. According to analogy. • Ax-a-log-i-oal-ly ( x an-a-16j 'e- x kal-le), ad. In an analogical manner. A-xal-o-gism (a-nal'6 x jizm), n. An argument from cause to effect. *A-nal-o-gize (a-nal'6 x jlze), v. t. To explain or consider by analogy.f A-xal'o x gi-zixg, p. prs. A-xal-o-gous (a-nal'6 x gus), a. Having analogy ; correspondent. (ap. p.— to.) *A-nal-o-gy (a-nal'6 v je), n. Re- semblance, correspondence; par- allelism, (ap. p. — to, between, with.) [36-10.] [350-9.] *A-nai/o x gies, n. pi. *A-nal-y-sis (a-naTle x sis), n. Sep- aration of a compound into its elements; resolution. [142-12.] *A-nai/y x ses, n. pi. *Ax-a-lyst (an'a x list), n. One who analyzes ; an analyzer. An-a-lyt-ic ( x an-a-lit'ik), ) An-a-lyt-i-cal ( x an-a-lit'e x kal), J a. Pertaining to analysis; re- solving into elements. *Ax-a-lyt-i-cal-ly ( x an-a-lit'e- x kal-le), ad. In an analytical manner. x An-a-lyt'ics, n. pi. The science of analysis. Ax-a-lyze (an'a x llze), v. t. To resolve a compound into its first principles ; to decompose. *Ax'a x ly-zixg, p. prs. An-a-ly-zer (an'a x li-zur), n. One who analyzes ; an analyst. -An-a-pest (an'a x pest), n. A poetic foot of three syllables, the first two short and the third long. *A-naph-o-ra (a-naWra), n. A figure in which the same word begins several successive sen- tences. An-arch (an'ark), ) n. An Ax-arch-ist (an'ark x ist), J author of confusion. *A-nar-chi-cal (a-nar'ke x kal), a. Confused, without rule. *An-ar-chy (4n'ar x ke), n. Want of government; confusion. An'ar x chies, n. pi. An-a-sar-ca ( x an-a-sar'ka), n. General dropsy. A-xas-to-mose (a-nas't6 N m&ze),t\/. To inosculate, communicate,meet. ^A-xas'to'mo-sixg, p. prs. A-nath-e-ma (4-na^'^m^), n. An ecclesiastical curse ; a curse. Ax-ath-e-ma-tize (an-afA'e x ma- tlze), v. t. To pronounce accursed. *An-ath'e x ma-ti'zixg, p. prs. 35 ANC ANG Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n6, move, ANI An-a-tom-i-cal ( x an-a-t6m'e x kal) a. Belonging to anatomy. An-a-tom-i-cal-ly ( x an-a-t6m'&- x kal-le), ad. By means of dis- section. 4 A-nat'6 x m!st, n. One skilled in anatomy. 4 A-nat'6 x m1ze, v. t. To dissect an animal ; to lay open. A-natVmi-zing, p. prs. A-nat-o-my (a-nat'6 x me), n. The art of dissecting the body ; the science of its structure; a skeleton. A-nat'o x mies, n. pi. An-ces-tor (an'seVtur), n. A fore- father, progenitor. [105-4.] [261.] *An-ces-tral (an'seVtral or an- seVtral), a. Claimed from an- cestors. AN-CES-TRY(an'seVtr&),rc. Lineage, a series of ancestors, pedigree. An'ces x tries, n. pi. An-chor (angk'ur), n. A heavy iron for holding a ship ; any thing which confers stability: — v. i., to cast anchor; to lie at anchor; to stop at, rest on : — v. t. f to place at anchor. [318-8.] *An-chor-age (angk 7 ur v aje), n. Ground for anchoring ; harbor- dues; anchoring-tackle. An-cho-ress (angk'6 x r§s), n. A female hermit. An'cho x ress-es, n. pi. An-cho-ret (angk'oVe't), j *An-cho-rite (angk'6 x rlte), j n ' A recluse, hermit, anachorite. An-cho-vy (an-tsh6Ve), n. A small sea-fish, used as sauce. *An-cho'vies, n.pl. *An-cient (ane'she'nt), a. Old; not modern; former; antique; antiquated : — see modern. An-cient-ly (ane'shSntHe), ad. In old times. An-cient-ness (ane'shSntWs), n. Antiquity. An-cient-ry (ane'sh^ntVe), n. An- cient lineage. An'cient x ries, n. pi. 36 An'cients, n. pi. Old men ; those who lived in ancient times. *An-cil-la-ry (an'sil x la-re), a. Serving as a handmaid; sub- ordinate. *And, con. c. A particle by which sentences or terms are joined; added to. (cor. c. — both.) *And-i-ron (andTurn),w. An iron at the end of a fire-grate; an iron to support the fire-wood. 4 An-dr6id'es, n. An automaton in the form of a man. An-ec-dote (an'eVd&te), n. A biographical incident; a story. f AN-Ec-DOT-i-CAL( x an-§k-d6t r e x kal), a. Relative to anecdotes. An-e-mog-ra-phy ( x an-e-m6g r gra- fe), n. The description of the winds. x An-e-mog'ra x phies, n. pi. AN-E-M0M-E-TER( x an-e-m6m'e x tur) n. An instrument to measure the force or velocity of the wind. * 4 A-nem'6 x ne, n. The wind-flower. *A-nem-o-scope (a-ne , m'6 x sk6pe), n. A machine to foretell the changes of the wind ; a vane. *An-eu-rism (an'uVlzm), n. A tumor caused by dilatation of an artery. A-new (a-nu r ), ad. Over again ; another time; newly; afresh. *An-frac-tu-ous (an-frak'tshu- x us), n. Winding, turning. *An-gel (ane'jfil), n. A messen- ger; a celestial spirit; a beau- tiful person ; an ancient coin of gold, worth about $2.25 [32-30]: f— a., angelic. *An-gel-ic (an-jeTik), \ An-gel-i-cal (an-jeTe x kal), J a ' Resembling or belonging to angels. An-gel-i-cal-ness (an-jel'e x kal- ne's), n. Excellence more than human. An-ger (ang'gur), n. Passion, re- sentment, rage : — v. t., to pro- voke, enrage. *An-gle (ang / gl), n. The space intercepted between two lines which meet in a point; a cor- ner; an instrument to tako fish : — v. t. y to fish with a rod and hook ; to try to gain by insinu- ating artifice. Ang'ling, p. prs. and n. An-gler (ang'glur), n. He that fishes with an angle. An-gli-can (ang'gle'kan), a. English. *An-gli-cism (ang / gle x slzm), n. An English idiom or phrase. An-gli-cize (ang / gle x slze), v. t. To make English. An'gli ci-zing, p. prs. *An-gri-ly (ang'gre x le), ad. In an angry manner. An-gry (ang'gre), a. Touched with anger, inflamed, (up. p. — with persons, at things.) *An-guish (ang'gwlsh), n. Ex- cessive pain either of mind or body ; agony, grief. [354-14.] An-gu-lar (ang'gu v lar), a. Hav- ing angles or corners. An-gu-lar-i-ty ( x ang-gu-lar'e- x te), n. The quality of being angular. An-gu-lar-ly (ang'gu x lur-le), ad. With angles. An-gu-la-ted (ang'guHa-te'd), a. Formed with angles. *An-he-la-tion ( x an-he-la'shun), n. The act of panting. * 4 An'!l, n. The shrub which yields indigo. * 4 An'1le, a. Old-womanish. *A-nil-i-ty (a-nll'e x te), n. The old age of woman; dotage. ! -An-i-mad-ver-sion ( x an-e-mad- , veVshun), n. Reproof; severe censure; stricture; comment. ^An-i-mad-ver-sive fan-e-mad- veVslv), a. Capable of judging. An-i-mad-vert ( x an-e-mad-v^rf), v. i. To reflect, comment, or pass censure upon. (ap. p. — on, upon.) ANN ANN nSr, n&t— tube, tub, Mil — 611 — pSiind— th\r\, this. ANS An-i-mal (an'e'mal), n. An organ ized being endowed with sensa- tion and voluntary motion :— a., that which belongs or relates to animals ; gross. -An-i-mal-citle ( x an-e-mal f kule), ». A very small animal. ^An-i-mal'cu^la, \ n i * x An-i-m al'cules, J ' F ' An-i-mal-i-ty ('an-e-mal'leHe), n. The state of animal existence. An-i-mal-ize (an'e v mal-lze), v. t. To endue with animal life; to brutalize. AxVmal-i^zing, p. prs. An-i-mate (an'e m&te), v. t. To quicken ; to make alive ; to incite, to encourage. [63-18.] [258-4] An'i v ma-ting, p. prs. An-i-mate (an'e N mit), a. Possess- ing animal life ; alive. An-i-ma-tion ( N an-e-rna'shun), n. The act of animating; the state of being enlivened ; life ; spirit ; sprightiiness. [332-2.] An-i-ma-tive (an'e x ma-tlv), a. Having power to give life. An-i-mos-i-ty ( v an-e-in6s'e v te), n. Vehemence of hatred; rancor; malignity. [20-44] [280-6.] * y AN-I-MOS'l X TIES, n. pi. *An-ise (an'nis), n. A species of parsley with sweet-scented seeds. Ank-le (angk'kl), n. The joint which joins the foot to the leg. * 4 AN'NAL x isT, n. A writer of annals. *An-nals (an'nalz), n. pi. Histo- ries digested into years. [156-5.] 'An'nats, n. pi. First-fruits; a, year's income of a benefice. *An-neal (an-neel'), v. t. To tem- per glass or metal by heat; to fix colors by heat. An-nex (an-neks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, annexes.] To unite to the end, subjoin, affix, join. (op. p. — to.) An-nex-a-tion ( x an-nek-sa'shun), n. Conjunction, addition, union. An-ni-hi-la-ble (an-nl'he x la-bl), a. That may be annihilated. An-ni-hi-late (an-nl'he^late), v. t. To reduce to nothing, destroy, annul, extinguish. [177.] *An-ni'hi x la-ting, p. prs. An-ni-hi-la-tion (an x nl-he-la'~ shun), n. The act of reducing, or the state of being reduced, to nothing. An-ni-ver-sa-ry (^an-ne-veVsa- x re), n. A day celebrated annu- ally ; an annual celebration [63]: — a., returning with the revolu- tion of the year; annual. ^An-ni-ver'sa n ries, n. pi. *AN-NO-TATE(an'n6 v tate), v. t. To make notes or comments. An'no^ta-ting, p. prs. An-no-ta-tion ( N an-n6-ta'shun), n. Explication, note. An-no-ta-tor ( N an-n6-ta'tur), n. A writer of notes. An-nounce (an-n6unse')> v. t. To publish,proclaim.[97-9.] [374-4] An-noun'cing, p. prs. An-nounce-ment (an-nMnse'- ment), n. Declaration, adver- tisement, proclamation. [94-9.] An-noy (an-n6e r ), v. t. To incom- mode ; to vex ; to molest. *An-noy-ance (an-n6e'anse), n. That which annoys; the act of annoying; disturbance. [67-5.] "An'n^al, a. Recurring yearly, yearly : — n., a yearly book or plant. An-ntj-AL-ly (an'nu. x al-l&), ad. Yearly, evory year. *An-nu-i-tant (an-nu'e^tant), n. One who has an annuity. An-nu-i-ty (an-nu'e x te), n. A yearly allowance. *An-nu'i x ties, n. pi. 4 An-n#i/, v. t. To make void ; to nullify ; to repeal ; to abolish. *An-nul'ling, p. prs. An-nttll'ed, p. prf. 4 An'n^t x l1r, a. Having the form of a ring. AN-NU-LA-RY(an r nu x la-re), a. Hav- . ing the form of rings; annular. 4 An'nt& v let, n. A little ring. * 4 AN-NfrL r MENT, n. The act of annulling. 4 AN-Ntr'MER\iTE, v. t. To add to a number. An-nu'mer v a-ting, p. prs. An-nu-mer-a-tion (an x nu-m6r-a'- shun), n. Addition to a number. *An-nun-ci-ate (an-nun'she v ate), v. t. To announce. An-nun'ci x a-ting, p. prs. An-nun-ci-A-tion (an x nun-she-a / - shun), n. The act of announ- cing ; the thing announced ; the twenty-fifth day of March, now celebrated as that on which the birth of Christ was announced to Mary. *An-o-dyne (an'6Mlne), a. As- suaging ; mitigating pain : — n. f medicine that assuages pain. 4 A-n6!nt', v. t. To rub over with oil ; to consecrate by unction. A-noint-er (a-n5int'ur), n. One who anoints. A-nom-a-lism (a-n6m'a x lizm), n. Irregularity, anomaly. A-nom-a-lous (a-n6m'a x lus), a. Irregular, out of rule. *A-nom-a-ly (a-n6m'a x le), n. Ir- regularity, deviation from rule. A-nom' allies, n. pi. 4 A-NON',ad.Quickly,soon. [146-16.] *A-non-y-mous (a-n6n'e v mus), a. Wanting a name ; nameless. A-NON-Y-MOus-LY(a-n6n / e v mus-le) ad. Without a name. An-oth-er (an-UTH'ur), a. Not the same ; one more : — see other. An-swer (an'sur), v. i. To speak in reply ; to be accountable for ; to appear to any call ; to suit with (ap. p. — for, to) : — v. t.> to reply to ; to be equivalent to ; to satisfy ; to comply with ; to suit : — A., a reply, confutation, solu- tion : — see reply. *An-swer-a-ble (an'sur x a-bl), a. That may be answered ; respon- sible ; suitable ; equal to. 37 ANT ANT Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met— pine, pln- -n&, mSve, ANT An-swer-a-bly (an'sur N a-ble), ad. In due proportion ; suitably. An-swer-er (an'sur x ur), n. One who answers. 4 Ant, n. An emmet, a pismire. *Ant-ac-id (ant-as'id), n. A drug which removes sourness. An-tag-o-nism (an-tag'6 x nlzm), n. Opposition, contest. 4 An-tag'6 x nist, n. An opponent, adversary, foe. [111-3.] AN-TAG-o-NiST-ic(an x tag-6-nlst / lk) a. Opposed. *"AN"-TAG-o-NizE(an-tag / 6 y nlze),v.i. To oppose ; to contend. An-tagVni-zing, p. pr8. *An-tarc-tic (an-tark'tik),a. Re- lating to the southern pole. Axt-ar-thrit-ic ( x ant-ar-*Mt'ik), a. Counteracting the gout. An-te-cede ( N an-te-sede')> v. t. To precede ; to go before. \An-te-ce'ding, p. prs. An-te-ce-dence ( x an-te-se'dense), AN-TE-CE-DEN-cY( x an-te-se'deVse) n. The act or state of going before. *An-te-ce-dent ( x an-te-se'd£nt), n. That which goes before ; the first of two terms ; the noun to which a relative refers ; previous course or conduct: — a., going before, preceding, (ap. p. — to.) An-te-ce-dent-ly fan-te-se'dSnt- x le), ad. Previously. * An-te-ces-sor ( x an-te-seVsur), n. One who goes before. An-te-cham-ber (an'teHshame bur), n. The chamber that leads to the chief apartment. 4 An'te x date, v. t. To date before the true time: — n.a previous date. An'te x da-ting, p. prs. *-AN-TE-Di-LU-vi-AN( x an-te-de-lu' ve v an), a. Existing before the Deluge : — n., one who lived be fore the Deluge. *An'te x l6pe, n. An animal re- sembling a deer ; a gazelle. *An-te-me-rid-i-an ( x an-te-me rld'e x an), a. Being before noon. 38 X4 An-te-m^n'dane, a. Before the creation of the world. ; '-An-ten-njs (an-ten'ne), n. pi. The feelers or horns of insects. ^AN-TE-PAS-CHAL^an-te-pas'kal), a. Before Easter. 'An'teVast, n. A foretaste. u An-te-pe-n^tlt', n. The last but two of the syllables of a word. An-te-ri-or (an-te'reMr), a. Go- ing before ; antecedent, prior. AN-TE-Ri-OR-i-TY(an x te-re-6r r e v te), n. Priority, precedence. 4 AN'TE v R6S]\f, n. A room leading into another; antechamber. An-them (an'i^m), n. A holy song. [94-15.] An-ther (an'^r), n. The organ, upon the summit of the stamens of flowers, for containing pollen. An-thol-o-gy (an-^61'16 v je), n. A. collection of flowers, devotions, or poems ; a work on flowers. An-tholVgies, n. pi. ^An-thra-cite (an'^ra'slte), n. A mineral coal which burns without flame or smoke. *An-thra-cit-ic ( v an-^ra-slt'lk), a. Relating to anthracite. *An-thrax (an'thraks), n. A carbuncle; an ulcer; carbon. An-thro-pol-o-gy ( N an-^r6-p6l r - c^je), n. The science of man's nature. An-thro-po-mor-phism (an^ftr6- p6-m6r'flzm), n. The doctrine that the Deity exists in the human form. *An-thro-poph-a-gi fkn-thrb- p6fa N jl), n. pi. Man-eaters, cannibals. An-ti-a-cid (^an-te-as'sld), n. Al- kali. See ANTACID. *An-tic (an'tlk), n. A buffoon : — a. y odd, droll, fantastic. [123.] *An-ti-christ (anWkrlst), n. Satan; the enemy of Christ. An-ti-christ-ian ( x an-te-krlsf- yun),«. Opposite to Christianity : — n., an opposer of Christianity *AN-Tic-i-PATE(an-tis'se r pate),ia. To take beforehand ; to foretaste ; to forestall. [32-14.] [182-9.] An-ticVpa-ting, p. prs. An-tic-i-pa-tion (anHls-se-pa'- shun), n. A taking before ; fore- taste ; previous impression. [65- 28.] [362-15.] AN-Tic-i-PA-TOR(an-tls , se > pa-tur), ii. One who anticipates. An-ti-cli-max ( r an-te-kli'maks), n. A sentence in which the last part is lower in degree than the ^An-ti-cli'max^es, n. pi. [first. An-ti-do-tal ( x an-te-d6'tal), a. Counteracting poison or disease. An-ti-dote (an'teMote), n. A drug which expels poison. [267-13.] An-ti-feb-rile ( r an-te-feVril), a. Good against fevers. *An-ti-mo-nar-chi-cal fan-te- mo-nar'ke^kal), a. Against gov- ernment by a single person. *An-ti-mo-nial ^an-te-mft'ne^al), a. Made of antimony. An-ti-mo-ny (an'te N mun-ne), n. A brittle, whitish metal. An-tin-o-my (an-tin'6 N me or an'- te x n6-me), n. A contradiction' between two laws or articles. An-tinVmies, n. pi. An-ti-pa-thet-i-cal (^an-te-pa- ^et'e N kal), a. Having a natural aversion to any thing. *An-tip-a-thy (an-tip'aW), n. Natural aversion to any thing ; repugnance, dislike ; opposition. {ap. p. — to, against.) [252-28.] % An-tipVthies, 91. pi. An-ti-phlo-gis-tic ( v an-te-fl6-jls'- tlk), a. Counteracting inflam- mation : — n., a medicine which checks inflammation. *An-tiph-on-y (an-tlf'un^ne), n. An echo ; the method of singing by way of response. An-tiph'on^ies, n. pi. *An-tiph-ra-sis (an-tlfWsls), w. The use of words in a sense op- posite to their meaning. ANT AOR n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— pMnd- -thm, API •An-tIp^dal, a. Relating to the antipodes. *Ax-tip-o-des (an-tip'&Meez or an'te x p6dez), n. pi. Those peo- ple who, living on the other side of the globe, have their feet di- rectly opposite to ours.f An-ti-pope (an'te x p6pe), n. He that usurps the popedom. An-ti-qua-ri-an ( x an-te-kwa're- an), a. Relating to antiquity : — n., an antiquary. An-ti-qua-ri-an-ism ( x an-te-kwa'- re-an x lzm), n. The study of an- tiquities. *An-ti-qua-ry (anWkwa-re), n. One studious of antiquities. An'ti x qtta-ries, n. pi. [95-34.] An-ti-qtjate (an'te x kwate), v. t. To make obsolete or old. [25-37.] An'ti x qua-ting, p. pre. An-ti-qua-ted-xess (an'te x kwa- t£d x nes), n. The state of being obsolete. *An-tique (an-teek'), n. An an- tiquity ; a remain of ancient art [25-19]: — a., ancient; relating to antiquity ; of old fashion. Ax-tique-xess (an-teek'ne's), n. The quality of being antique. *x\n-ti-qtji-ty (an-tik'kwe x te), n. Old times ; the ancients ; great old age ; a remain of old times. [96-27.] [257-16.] *Ax-tiq'tji x ties, n. pi. *Ax-tis-ci-i (an-tish'e v l), n. pi. The people, on different sides of the equator, whose shadows at noon project in opposite ways. Ax-Ti-scoR-Bu-Ti-cAL( x an-te-sk6r- bu'te x kal), a. Curing scurvy. *Ax-ti-sep-tic ( x an-te-sep'tik), a. Counteracting putrefaction : — »., that which checks putrefaction. An-ti-slav-er-y ( x an-te-slav'ur- x re), n. Hostility to slavery. * 4 An-t1s'pa x s1s, n. The revulsion of a humor ; derivation. Ax-ti-spas-mod-ic ( x an-te-spas- inod'lk), a. Good against spasms. An-ti-spas-tic ( x an-te-spas r tlk), a. Antispasmodic ,• derivative. -An-tis-tro-phe (an-tls'tr6 x fe), n. In an ode sung in parts, the sec- ond stanza of every three. *An-tith-e-sis (an-tM'e x sls), w. A figure in which contrary things are opposed to each other; op- position; contrast. *An-tith'e v ses, n. pi. Ax-ti-thet-ic ^an-te-^tlk), AN-Ti-THET-i-CAL( x an-te-«Aet / ^kal) a. Containing antithesis. 4 Ax-Ti x TRix-i-TA'Ri v AX, n. One who denies the Trinity of theGodhead. *An-ti-type (an'te x tipe), n. That which is represented by the type. An-ti-typ-i-cal ( x an-te-tlp'e x kal), a. Explaining a type. Ant-ler (ant'lur), n. Branch of a stag's horn. *An-toe-ci (an-tee'si), n. pi. Those who live under the same latitude and longitude, but in different hemispheres. *Ax-to-xo-ma-si-a (an x t6-n6-ma r - zhe x a), ». A form of speech in which, for a proper name, is put the name of some dignity. We say "the Orator," for Cicero. An-tre (an'tur), ». A cavern, a den. 4 An'vil, n. The iron block on which smiths hammer their work. *Anx-i-ety (ang-zl/e x te), n. Con- cern about some future event; solicitude; uneasiness. [32-32.] f *Axx-i'e x ties, n. pi. *Axx-ious (angk'shus), a. Full of concern ; very solicitous ; un- easy, (ap. p. — about.) [69-11.] Axx-ious-ly (angk'sb.us x le), ad. With anxiety; solicitously. A-ny (en'ne), a. Every, whoever, whatever; one {indefinitely) : — ad., somewhat : as, any better. A-o-xi-ax (a-d'n^an), a. Belong- ing to the hill of Parnassus, the fabled residence of the Muses. 4 A-6r'ta, n. The great artery of the heart. *A-pace (a-pase'), ad. Quick, speedily, hastily. 4 A-p1rt', ad. Separately, dis- tinctly ; aside. 4 A-part'mext,ti. A room ; lodgings. Ap-a-thet-ic ( x ap-a-^St'ik), a. Without feeling, insensible. Ap-a-thist (ap'aVMst), n. One void of feeling or passion. *Ap-a-thy (ap'aVAe), n. Want of feeling; insensibility; indiffer- ence. [48-19.] Ap'a x thies, n. pi. *Ape, n. A kind of monkey; a mimic ; a fool : — v. t. } to imitate servilely ; to mimic. A'pixg,j9. prs. *A-peak (a-peek'), ad. In pos- ture to pierce the ground; on the point. A-pe-ri-ext (a-pe're x ent), a. Gen- tly purgative ; laxative. Ap-er-ture (ap'urHshure), n. An opening; a hole. A-pex (a'peks), n. The tip or top. A-pex-es (a'pekslz), \ , A-pi-ces (a'pis x £ez), j ' * ' A-phe-li-ox (a-fe'le x un), n. The point of a planet's orbit most distant from the sun. A-phe'li n a, n. pi. *A-ph.er-e-sis (a-fer'e x sis), n. The taking of a letter or syllable from the beginning of a word; as, 'gan for began. *Aph-o-ny (aWne), n. Loss of voice or speech. A-phis (a'fis), n. A plant-louse. *Aph'i x des (afeMeez), n. pi. *Aph-o-rism (af'6 x rizm), n. A maxim, laconic precept, adage. Aph-o-ris-tic ( x af-6-i?is / tik), a. Preceptive, [where bees are kept. A-pi-a-ry (a/pe x a-re), n. A place '^A'p^A-RIES, n. pi. A'PI X CES, ?*. pi. Of APEX. *A-piece (a-peese'), ad. To the part or share of each ; for each. ^'pIsh, a. Like an ape; imita- tive; foppish, affected, silly. 39 APO APP Fate, far, fill, fit — me\ ui&t — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, APP A-pish-ly (a'pish'le), ad. In an apish manner. M/pish'ness,??. Mimicry, foppery. 4 A-pit'pat, ad. With quick pal- pitation. *A-poc-a-lypse (a-p&k'a^llps), n. The book of Revelation. *A-Poc-A-LYP-Tic(a v p6k-a-llp'tik) a. Containing revelation ; mys- terious. A-poc-o-pe (a-p6k'6 x pe), n. The taking of a letter or syllable from the end of a word; as, th' for the. *A-poc-ry-pha (a-p6k'reYa), n. Books of doubtful authority add- ed to the Sacred Writings. #A-poc-ry-phal (a-pokWfal), a. Not canonical ; doubtful. Ap-o-dic-ti-cal pap-d-dlk'te^kal), a. Demonstrative. *Ap-o-gee (ap'6 v jee), n. A point in which the sun or moon is farthest from the earth. A-pol-lo (a-p61'16),n. In Mythology, the god who presided over music, painting, medicine, &c. *A-pol-o-get-ic ( N a-p61-l6-jet'ik), a. Excusatory. *A-pol-o-gist (a-p6lWjist), n. One who makes an apology. #A-pol-o-gize (a-p6lWjlze), v. i. To make excuse, (ap. p. — for.) *A-polVgi-zing, p. prs. *Ap-o-logue (ap'6H6g), w. A fable; moral tale. A-pol-o-gy (a-p61'16 v je), n. De- fence, excuse, (ap.p. — for.) [2 7 7]. *A-polVgies, n. pi. Ap-oph-thegm (ap^fiASm). See APOTHEGM. *Ap-o-plec-tic (^ap-ft-plek'tlk), a, Relating, to apoplexy; predis- posed to apoplexy. *Ap-o-plex-y (ap^plek-se), n, A disease of the brain, causing sudden loss of sense and motion. ApVplex-ies, n. pi. *A-pos-ta-sy (a-p6s'ta x se), n. De parture from former professions; desertion of sect or party. 40 *A-pos'ta x sies, n. pi. 4 A-p6s'tate, n. One that has for- saken his religion or party : — a., traitorous ; false. 4 A-p6s'ta x tize, v. i. To forsake one's religion or principles. A-pos'taVi-zing, p. prs. 4 Ap'6'steme, n. Hollow swelling. *A-pos-tle (a-pSs'sl), n. One sent forth to preach. [130-6.] A-pos-tle-ship (a-pos'sPshlp), n. The office of an apostle. 4 A-p6s / t6 v late, n. Apostleship. Ap-os-tol-ic ( x ap-6s-t61'lk), Ap-os-tol-i-cal ( v ap-6s-t6l'e x kal), a. Taught by the apostles. *A-pos-tro-phe (a-pos'tr6Ye), n. In Rhetoric, a digressive address ;* in Grammar, the mark (') show- ing that a word is contracted : as, tho' for though. *Ap-os-troph-ic ( x ap-6s-tr6flk), a. Relating to an apostrophe. A-pos-tro-phize (a-p6s / tr6 > fize), v. t. To address by an apostrophe. *A-pos'tro x phi-zing, p. prs. A-poth-e-ca-ry (a-p&^'e^ka-re), n. A man who sells and com- pounds medicines. *A-poth/e x ca-ries, n. pi. *Ap-o-thegm (ap'6^iin), n. A remarkable saying; a maxim. *Ap-o-the-o-sis ( x ap-6-^e'6 N sls), n. Deification. #Ap-o-THE-o-sizE( x ap-6-*7ie'6\slze) v. t. To deify. v Ap-o-the'o x si-zing, p. prs. *Ap-pall (ap-pal'),^ t. To terrify; to dismay; to depress. [67-20.] *Ap-pa-nage (ap'pa^nlje^n. Land set apart for the maintenance of younger children. *Ap-pa-ra-tus ( v ap-pa-ra'tus), n. sing, and pi. Things provided as means to some end; equipage; \A.p-pa-ra'tus, | 7 [tools. ^p-pa-ra'tus^s, j n 'P ' -Ap-par-el (ap-par'^l), n. Dress ; external habiliments : — v. U, to dress; to clothe; to adorn. Ap-par'el^ing, ) *Ap-par'el v ling, J P'P 18 Ap-par'el-ed, ) - *Ap-par'ell-ed, j 1 '^ J ' Ap-pa-rent (ap-pa'rent), a. Plain, evident, visible, open, certain, obvious, seeming. [320-17.] Ap-pa-rent-ly (ap-pa'rSnf le), ad. Evidently, seemingly. *Ap-pa-ri-tion ( A ap-pa-rlsh'un), n. An appearance or visible object ; a spectre. *Ap-par-i-tor (ap-parTtur), n. A messenger of an ecclesiastical court. *Ap-peal (ap-peeF), n. Removal of a cause from an inferior to a superior court; a call upon one as witness [38] [278-9] : v. i., to transfer a cause from a lower to a higher court; to call as wit- ness, (ap. p. — to.) [360-21.] Ap-peal-a-ble (ap-peel'a^bl), a. Admitting of appeal. Ap-pear (ap-peer'), v. i. To be in sight; to become visible; to seem. *Ap-pear-ance (ap-peer , anse), n. The act of coming into sight; the thing seen ; semblance ; show ; presence ; mien, likelihood. [189-7.] *Ap-peas-a-ble (ap-pe^ez'a^bl), a. Reconcilable. Ap-peas-a-ble-ness (ap-peez'a- ^bl-n&s), n. Reconcilableness. *Ap-pease (ap-peez,), v. t. To quiet, pacify, allay, assuage. *Ap-peas'ing, p. prs. *Ap-pease-ment (ap-peeVme'nt), n. A state of peace; assuagement. * 4 Ap-pel'lant, n. One who ap- peals : — a., appealing, [appeals. * 4 Ap-pei/late, a. Relating to Ap-pel-la-tion (^ap-pel-la'shun), n. Name, title, term. [202.] Ap-pel-la-tive (ap-pel'laHiv), n. A common as distinguished from a proper noun ; a title : — a., rela- ting to a common noun ; general. APP APP nor, not— tube, tub, bdll — 611- -pMnd — fMn, THis. APP AP-PEL-LA-TOR-Y(ap-pella N tUr-re) a. Containing an appeal. ^Ap-pel-lee/, n. One who is ac- cused ; the defendant in appeal. u Ap-pel-l6r', n. One who ac- cuses ; the plaintiff in appeal. 4 Ap-pend', v. t. To hang or add to. Ap-pest-dage (ap-pen'dije), n. Something added. [52-35.] * 4 Ap-pen'dant, n. An accidental part: — a., hanging to; annexed. Ap-PEN-Dix(ap-pen'diks),n. Some- thing added ; a supplement. Ap-pen'dix^es, J 7 *Ap-pen'di v ces, j n ' P ' Ap-per-tain ^ap-per-tane'), v. i. To belong to as of right or by nature; to relate, (ap. p. — to.)' ^Ap'peMte, n. Desire, keen- ness of stomach, hunger. [221.] [83-22.] Ap-plaud (ap-plawd'), v. t. To praise by clapping the hands; to commend ; to extol ; to laud. Ap-plause (ap-plawz'), n. Appro- bation loudly expressed; plaudit. [68-6.] [282-11.] Ap-platj-sive (ap-plaw'slv), a. Applauding; laudatory. Ap-ple (ap'pl), n. A fruit; the pupil of the eye. Ap-pli-a-ble (ap-pli'a x bl), a. Ca- pable of being applied. Ap-pli-ance (ap-pll'anse), n. The act of applying ; application. *Ap-pli-ca-bil-i-ty ( x ap-ple-ka- bil'leHe),/*. The quality of being fit to be applied; applicable- ness. Ap-pli-ca-ble (ap'ple v ka-bl), a. That may be applied; suitable. (ap. p.— to.) [68-3.] Ap-PLi-cA-BLE-NEss(ap-ple x ka-bl- x nes), n. Fitness to be applied. Ap-pli-cant (ap'ple y kant), n. One who applies ; close student. *Ap-PLi-CA-TiON( x ap-ple-ka'shun) n. The act of applying; the thing applied ; request ; close study,attention. [45-29] [233-11] Ap-pli-ca-tive (ap'ple x ka-tlv), a. Belonging to application. Ap-ply (ap-pli'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, * applies.] To put to a certain use; to devote; to busy [291] : — v. %., to suit ; to address to ; to have recourse to. (ap. p. — to.) *Ap-pli'ed, p. prf. 4 Ap-p51nt', v. t. To fix, establish : to nominate and commission to ofl&ce. [170-20.] 4 Ap-p6!nt'a x ble, a. That may be appointed. N4 Ap-p6int-ee', n. One appointed. Ap-point-er (ap-p6int'ur), n. One who appoints. 4 Ap-p6iNT ; MENT, n. Stipulation; decree; establishment; order; equipment; designation to office; command. [201.] Ap-por-tion (ap-pdre'shun), v. t. To set out in just proportions; to allot ; assign ; appropriate. Ap-por-tiox-ment (ap-p6re'shun- x m^nt), n. A dividing into por- tions. Ap-po-site (ap'p6 x zlt), a. Proper, fit, well adapted. [380.] Ap-po-site-ly (ap'pd x zlt-le), ad. Properly, fitly, suitably. *Ap-po-site-ness (ap'p6 x zlt-n§s), n. Fitness,propriety,suitableness. *Ap-po-si-tion ( x ap-p6-zish'un), n. Addition ; the putting of two nouns of the same meaning in the same case. *Ap-PRAis-AL(ap-praze'al),n. Val- uation; appraisement. Ap-praise (ap-praze'), v. t. To set a price upon ; to apprize. *Ap-prais'ing, p. prs. *Ap-PRAiSE-MENT(ap-praze'me , nt) n. A valuation by authority. Ap-PRAis-ER(ap-praze'ur),n. One appointed and sworn to appraise property. Ap-PRE-ci-A-BLE(ap-pre'she > a-bl), a. Capable of being estimated. Ap-PRE-ci-ATE(ap-pre'she v ate),v. t. To rate; to value; to estimate, f 4* Ap-pre'ci x a-ting, p. prs. *Ap-pre-ci-a-tion (4p-pre'she'a'- shun), n. Estimation. u Ap-pre-hend', v. t. To lay hold on ; to seize ; to conceive by the mind; to fear. [133-6.] [180.] *Ap-PRE-HEN-si-BLEfap-pre-heV- se x bl), a. Possible to be appre- hended. *Ap-pre-hen-sion ( x ap-pre-hen'- shun), n. Conception of ideas; fear, suspicion. [66-31.] [165-4.] Ap-PRE-HEN-siVE( v ap-pre-hen'siv) a. Quick to understand; fear- ful, (ap. p. — of.) *Ap-pre-hen-sive-ness ( x ap-pre- hen'slv v nes), n. The state of being apprehensive. *Ap-pren-tice (ap-preVtis), n. One that is bound by covenant to learn a trade : — v. t., to bind out to a master as an apprentice. *Ap-pren'tic n ing, p. prs. Ap-pren-tice-ship (ap-pren'tis- \ship), n. State or term of service. *Ap-prise (ap-prlze'), v. t. To inform ; to give notice to. [276.] [116-19.] *Ap-pris'ing, p. prs. *Ap-prise-ment (ap-prlze'ment), n. Information; notice. * 4 Ap-pr1ze', v. t. See appraise. *Ap-priz'lng, p. prs. * 4 Ap-PRizE'MENT,n.Appraisement, valuation. *Ap-proach (ap-pr6tsh')> n. The act of drawing near; means of advancing; access: — v.£.,todraw near to : — v. i., to draw near. Ap-proach'es, 7i. pi. and prs. t. 3. Ap-proach-a-ble (ap-pr6tsh'a x bl) a. Accessible. 4 Ap'pr6 x bate, v. t. To approve; to license to preach. Ap'pro^ba-ting, p. prs. Ap-pro-ba-tion fap-pr6-ba'shun), n. Attestation, approval. [282-12.] 4 Ap'pR6 N BA-TivE, a. Approving. Ap-pro-ba-tor-y (ap'pr6 N ba-tur- N re), a. Approving. 41 APP ARB Fate, far, fall, fat — m£, meH — pine, pin — no, move, ARC Ap-pro-pri-a-ble (ap-pro'pre v a- bl), a. Disposable. *Ap-pro-pri-ate (ap-pr6'pre x ate), v. t. To consign to some particu- lar use; to make peculiar; to take. (ap. p.— to.) [314-11.] AP-PRO'PRf A-TING, p. pr8. Ap-pro-pri-ate (ap-pro'pr<), a. Fit; adapted. [53-2.] Ap-pro-pri-ate-ly (ap-pr&'prelt- le), ad. Properly. Ap-pro-pri-ate-ness (ap-prd'pr&- It-ne's), ft. Fitness. Ap-pro-pri-a-tion (ap N pr6-pr£-a'- shun), n. The act of appropria- ting ; the thing appropriated. *Ap-pro-pri-a-tor (ap N pr6-pre-a'- tur), it. One who is possessed of an appropriated benefice ; one who appropriates. *Ap-prov-a-ble (ap-pr66v'a x bl), a. Worthy of approbation. *Ap-prov-al (ap-pr66v'al), ft. Approbation, commendation. *Ap-prove (ap-pr66v')> v. t. To like; to commend; to sanction [82-29] [283] :— v. i., to regard as right ; to express approbation. (ap. p. — of.) *Ap-prov'ing, p. prs. Ap-prov-er (ap-pr&6v'ur), n. One who approves. Ap-PROx-i-MATE(ap-pr6ks'e^mate), v. i. or v. t. To draw near to. Ap-prox'i'ma-ting, p. prs. Ap-prox-i-mate (ap-pr^ks'e^mit), a. Near to ; approaching. *Ap-prox-i-ma-tion (ap^pr6ks-e- ma'shiln), n. An approach. Ap-prox-i-ma-tive (ap-pr6ks'e- ma N tlv), a. Approaching. Ap-pulse (ap'pulse or ap-pulse'), ft. The act of striking against. *Ap-pul-sion (ap-piil'shun), ft. A striking against; appulse. *Ap-pur-te-nance (ap-pur'te- x nanse), n. That which belongs to another thing ; an adjunct. ^Ap-p^tr't^nant, a. Belonging, relating, or joined to. 42 *A-pri-cot (a'pre N k6t), n. A fruit resembling the peach. ^'prIl, n. The fourth month. A-pron (a'purn), n. An article of dress ; a cover. 4 Apt, a. Fit ; inclined to ; ready, quick. [198.] Ap-ti-tude (ap'teHude), ft. Fit- ness ; tendency ; disposition. Apt-ly (apt'le), ad. Properly fitly ; readily ; justly. 4 Apt'ness, ft. Fitness; tendency; quickness of apprehension. *A-qua-for-tis ( x ak-kwa-fdr'tis), ft. Nitric acid. A-qua-ri-um (a-kwa're^um), n. An artificial pond for plants or fish. A-qua'ri n a, n. pi. A-quat-ic (a-kwat'ik), a. Rela- ting to water ; living in water. A-QUA-TiNT (ak'kwa N tint), n, A kind of engraving. *A-que-duct (ak'kweMukt), n, A channel made for carrying water. *A-que-ous (a'kwe x us), a. Watery. -A-qui-line (ak'kwe v lin or ak'- kwe v llne), a. Resembling an eagle; hooked. *Ar-a-besque (ar'a^bSsk), a. Or- namented in Arabian style ; fan- tastic. Ar-A-bic (ar'a x bik), a. Of Arabia: — n., the language of Arabia. 4 Ar'a x bist, n. One versed in Ara- bian literature. AR-A-BLE(ar'a N bl),«. Fit for tillage. A-ra-ne-ous (a-ra'nc x us), a. Re- sembling a cobweb. Ar-bi-ter (ar'beHiir), ft. A judge, an umpire, an arbitrator. Ar-bi-tra-ble (ar'be v tra-bl), a. Determinable, arbitrary. 2 Ar-bit'ra n ment, n. Will, deter- mination, choice, award. Ar-bi-tra-ri-ly (ar'beHra-reHe), ad. With no other rule than the will; despotically, absolutely. *M.R'Bi v TRA-RrNEss, ft. State of being arbitrary. AR-Bi-TRA-RY(ar'be x tra-re),a. Des- potic, absolute ; depending on no rule; capricious. Ar-bi-trate (ar'beHrate), v. t. To decide, determine; to judge of : — v. i. y to give judgment. Ar'biVra-ting, p. prs. Ar-bi-tra-tion ( x ar-be-tra'shun), w. The determination of a cause by a judge mutually agreed on by the parties interested. Ar-bi-tra-tor (ar'be'tra-tur), n. A judge between party and party, chosen by their mutual consent; an umpire. 2 Ar-b!t're x ment, ft. See arbit- rament. Ar-bi-tress (ar'be v tr§s), ft. A fe- male arbiter. *Ar'bi x tress-es, n.pl. Ar-bor (ar'bur), n. A bower; a recess shaded by trees; a spin- dle or axis. 2 Ar'b6r\a.l, a. Arboreous. Ar-bo-re-ous (ar-b6're x us), a. Be- longing to trees. *Ar-bo-res-cence far-bo-reV- sense), ft. Growth, as of trees. Ar-bo-res-cent ( x ar-b6-reVs£nt), a. Growing like trees. 2 AR r B6 x RET,?t. A small tree or shrub. AR-BO-Ri-cuL-TURE( v ar-b6-re-kuK- tshure), ft. The cultivation of trees. 2 Ar'b6 x rist, ft. A naturalist who makes trees his study. Ar-bo-ri-za-tion ( N ar-b6-re-za'- shun), ft. A tree-like appear- ance. *Ar-bo-rous (ar'bo'rus), a. Be- longing to trees. *Ar-bus-cle (ar'bus^sl), ft. Any little shrub. Arc (ark), n. Part of a circum- ference ; an arch. Ar-cade (ar-kade'), ft. A con- tinued or long arch. [92-18.] Ar-ca-num (ar-ka'num), ft. A secret. Ar-ca-na, ft. pL ARC ARE n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— Ml— pMnd — thin, THis. ARI Arch (artsh), n. Part of a circle ; a curved line; a building con- structed in the form of an arch a vault; a chief: — v. t., to build or form with arches : — a., chief; waggish ; cunning. Arch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Arch'ed, p. prf. Bent in the form of an arch. Ar-cha-ic (ar-ka'lk), a. Ancient, obsolete. *AR-CHAi-OL-o-GY( x ar-k^l-6l / l6 > je), n. A discourse on antiquity. Ar-chai-olVgies, n. pi. *Ar-cha-ism (ar'ka.lzm^n. An an- cient phrase or expression. *ARCH-AN-GEL(ark-ane^l),n. One of the highest order of angels. Arch-an-gel-ic fark-^n-jeYlk), a. Belonging to archangels. Arch-bish-op (artsh-blsh'up), n. A bishop of the first class. Arch-bish-op-ric (£Lrtsh-bish / up- Mk), n. Province or jurisdiction of an archbishop. Arch-dea-con ( artsh -de'kn), n. One that supplies the bishop's place and office. -Arch-dea-con-ry (artsh-de'kn- Ve), n. The office of an arch- deacon. Arch-dea'con^ries, n. pi. Arch-dea-con-ship (artsh-de'kn- Vnip), n. An archdeaconry. *Arch-dtjch-ess (artsh-dutsh / §s), n. The wife or daughter of an archduke. Arch-duch'ess^es, n. pi. Arch-duke (artsh-duke'),w.A title given to a prince of Austria. Arch-er (artsh'ur), n. One who shoots with a bow. Arch-er-y (artsh'urVe), n. The use of the bow; the art of an archer. ^Arch'er^ies, n. pi. [Original. Ar-che-ty-pal ( x &r-ke-ti'p£l, a. *Ar-che-type (ar'keHipe), n. The original of which any resem- blance is made ; a model. *Ar-chi-e-pis-co-pal ( x ar-ke-e pls'kd^p&l). «• Belonging to an archbishop. AR-cHi-PEL-A-Go( v ar-ke-pel / a-g6), n. A sea containing many islands. v Ar-chi-pel'a n goes, n. pi. *Ar-chi-tect (ar'ke^kt), n. A professor of the art of building. [56-23.] AR-cHi-TEC-TivE( > ar-ke-tek'tlv),a. Constructive ; building. *Ar-chi-tec-tu-ral ^ar-ke-tSk'- tshu x r&l), a. Belonging to archi- tecture. Ar-chi-tec-Tttre (ar'keHe'k tshure), n. The art or science of building. [56-22.] *Ar-chi-trave (ar'ke v trave), n. That part of a column which lies immediately upon the capital. *Ar-chives (aVklvz), n. pi. The places where records or ancient writings are kept; records. Arch-ly (artsh'le), ad. Shrewdly. Arch-ness (artsh'ne's), n. Sly humor; shrewdness. Arch-wise (artsh'wlze), a. In the form of an arch. * Arc-tic (ark'tik), a. Northern. *Ar-cu-ate (ar'kult), a. Bent in the form of an arch or bow. Ar-cu-A-tion (^ar-ku-a'shun), n. The act of bending; curvature. *Ar-den-cy (aYden^se), n. Ardor, Ar'den^cies, n. pi. [eagerness. IA-r'dent, a. Hot, fierce, vehe- ment; affectionate. Ar-dent-ly (ar'dentMe), ad. Ea- gerly; affectionately. [342-22.] AR-DOR(ar'dur),n.Heat of affection: as, love, desire, zeal. [258-4.] *Ar-du-ous (ar'juMs), a. Lofty; hard to climb; difficult,laborious. Ar-du-ous-ness (ar'ju x us-nes), n. Difficulty; height. Are (ar). The first person plural of the present tense of the verb Be. ^A/reM, n. The surface contained between any lines or boundaries; any open surface. Ar-e-fac-tion (^r-e-fak'shun), n. The act of drying ; dryness. Ar-e-fy (aVe N fi), v. t. To dry. *ArVfies, prs. t. 3. Ar'eVied, p. j)rf. A-re-na (£-re'na), n. An open space for combatants; an am- phitheatre. [142-4.] Ar-e-na-ceous far-e-na'shus), a. Sandy, arenose. X4 Ar-e-n6se', a. Sandy. *Ar-gent (aVjent), a. Shining, like silver ; white. Ar-gil (ar'jil), n. Potter's clay. • iJ AR-GiL-LA-CE0us(^r-jil-la / shds), a. Clayey; consisting of argil. Ar-go-sy (aVgo'se ), n. A large vessel for merchandise. *Ar'go x sies, n. pi. Ar-gue (ar'gu), v. i. To reason with ; to dispute (ap.p. — with, against): — v. i., to reason; to evince; to Ar'gu^ing, p. prs. [discuss, j Ar-gu-er (ar'gu^ur), n. A rea- soner ; a disputer. Ar'gu x ment, n. Areason alleged; the subject of any discourse ; controversy. [382-23.] Ar-gu-ment-a-tion ( x ar-gu-m§nt- a'shun), n. The act of reasoning. Ar-gu-ment-a-tive par-gu-ment'- a\Hiv), a. Containing argument. 4 Ar'1d, a. Dry : parched up with heat. [126-17.] A-rid-i-ty (S.-rld'e^te), n. Dryness. A-RID^TIES, 11. pi. A-ri-es (a're v ez), n. One of the 12 signs of the zodiac ; the Ram. A-right (a-rite'), ad. Rightly, without error, correctly. A-rise (4-rlze'), v. i. [arose — arisen.] To mount upward; to get up; to ascend; to proceed from ; to revive from death. *A-ri'sing, p. prs. A-ris'en, p. prf. of arise. Ar-is-toc-ra-cy ( x &r-ls-t6k'r3, v se), n. That form of governmen t which places the supreme power in the nobles; gentry; nobility. 43 ARM ARR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, ART *\Ar-is-toc'ra n cies, n. pi. Ar-is-to-crat (ar'ls-t6 v krat or a-rls't6 N krat), n. One who fa- vors aristocracy. AR-is-T0-CRAT-ic(ar y ls-t6-krat'lk), a. Relating to aristocracy. AR-is-T0-CRAT-i-cAL(arls-t6-krat / - & v kal), a. Aristocratic. A-rith-man-cy (a-ri^'man v se), n. Foretelling by numbers. A-rith-me-tic (a-ri^'me^tik), n. The science of numbers ; the art of computation. Ar-ith-met-i-cal (^ar-ifA-met'e- x kal), a. According to arithmetic. Ar-ith-met-i-cal-ly ( N ar-l^-inef- & v kal-le), ad. In an arithmeti- cal manner. *A-RiTH-ME-Ti-ciAN(a > rM-me-tlslr' an), n. One skilled in arithmetic. Ark (ark), n. A large raft ; a vessel to swim upon water ; a chest. Arm (arm), n. The limb which reaches from the hand to the shoulder; the large bough of a tree ; an inlet of water ; power : — v. t. f to furnish with arms ; to fortify : — v. i., to take arms. Ar-ma-da (ar-ma'da), n. An ar- mament for sea. Ar-ma-dil-lo ( x ar-ma-dll'16), n. An animal armed with a bony shell. * v Ar-ma-dil'loes, n. pi. [force. AR-MA-MENT(ar'ma v ment)w. A naval Ar-ma-ture (ar'maHure), n. A piece of iron applied to a magnet; defensive armor. Arm-ful (arm'fdl), n. As much as the arms can hold. *Ar-mil-la-ry (ar'miria-re), a. Resembling a bracelet. Ar-mip-o-tent (ar-mlp'6 v tent), a. Mighty in war. *Ar-mi-stice (ar'm& x stis), n. A suspension of hostilities ; a truco. Arm-let (armlet), n. A bracelet. Ar-mor (ar'mur), n. Defensive arms or coverings for the body. Ar-mor-er (ar'muVur), n. One who makes or sells arms. 44 *Ar-mo-ri-al (ar-m6're N al), a. Belonging to arms ; heraldic. Ar-mor-y (ar'murVe), n. A place in which arms are reposited. ^Ar'mor^ies, n. pi. Arm-pit (arm'plt), n. The hollow place under the shoulder. Arms (armz), n. pi. Weapons; en- signs armorial of a family ; war. Ar-my (ar'me),«. A collection of armed men ; a great number. Ar'mies, n. pi. Ar-ni-ca (ar'ne'ka), n. A medici- nal and poisonous plant. A-ro-ma (i-rb'mk), n. Fragrance. *Ar-o-mat-ic ( v ar-6-mat'lk), a. Spicy, fragrant. [129-15.] Ar-o-mat-ics ( v ar-6-mat'lks), n. pi. Fragrant spices or drugs. *Ar-o-ma-tize (ar'6-ma N tlze), v. t. To scent with spices ; to perfume. Ar'o-ma v ti-zing, p. prs. A-R0SE', pst. t. Of ARISE. A-round (a-rMnd'), prp. About; encircling : — ad., in a circle ; on every side round. A-rouse (a-rMze'), v. t. To excite; to animate; to wake from sleep. A-rous'ing, p. prs. *Ar-que-buse (ar'kwe^bus), n. A hand-gun. Ar-rack (ar-rak'), n. A spirituous liquor distilled from rice or the cocoanut. Ar-raign (ar-rane'), v. t. To bring before a tribunal ; to accuse ; to indite : — n., arraignment. *Ar-raign-ment (ar-rane'ment),n. The act of arraigning. [335-4] Ar-range (ar-ranje'), v. t. To put in the proper order; to adjust; to place. [159-8.] [366-26.] Ar-ran'ging, p. prs. *Ar-range-ment (ar-ranje'ment), n. Act or result of arranging; adjustment. [94-17.] Ar-rant (ar'rant), a. Bad in a high degree; wicked. [225-19.] Ar-ras (ar'ras), n. Tapestry made at Arras. Ar-ray (ar-ra'), n. Dress; order of battle: — v. L, to put in order; to impanel; to deck; to dress. (ap.p.— with, in.) [64-18.] *Ar-rear (ar-reeV), n. That which remains unpaid, though due. *Ar-rear-age (ar-reer'lje), n. The remainder of an account. Ar-rest (ar-resf), n. A stop or stay; a legal seizure: — v. t., to seize by warrant ; to stop or stay. Ar-ri-val (ar-rl'val), n. Act of arriving; the things arrived. Ar-rive (ar-rlve'), v. i. To reach anyplace; to come. (ap.p. — at.) Ar-ri'ving, p. prs. *Ar-ro-gance (arWganse), n. Haughtiness,insolence of bearing. Ar-ro-gant (ar'r6 v gant), a. Proud, haughty. Ar-ro-gant-ly (arWgant-le), ad. Haughtily ; proudly. Ar-ro-gate (arWgate), v. t. To claim vainly; to assume unjustly. Ar'ro n ga-ting, p. prs. *Ar-ro-ga-tion ( v ar-r6-ga'shun), n. A claiming in a proud manner. Ar-row (ar'rd), n. The weapon which is shot from a bow. Ar-row-Root (ar'r6V66t), n. A plant, the starch which it yields. Ar-se-nal (ar'se v nal), n. A maga- zine of military stores. Arse-nic (arse'nlk or ar'se^nlk), n. A corrosive metallic poison. *Ar-sen-i-cal (ar-seVe'kal), a. Containing arsenic. *Ar-se-ni-ous (ar-se'neus), a. Containing arsenic, arsenical. Ar-son (ar'sn), n. The malicious burning of the property of others. Art (art), n. A science; a trade; skill; cunning (ap. p. — of): — v. L, prs. t. 2 solemn style of BE.f *Ar-te-ri-al (ar-te're v al), a. Re- lating to the arteries. Ar-te-ri-al-ize (ar-t&'re-arize), v. t. To impart the qualities of arterial blood. Ar-te'ri v al-i x zing, p. pre. i ART ASC nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, thIs. ASH Ar-ter-y (ar'turYe), n. A tube which conveys blood from the heart. *" Ar'ter^ies, n. pi. Ar-te-sian-Well (ar-te'zhun- wel')> n. A perpetual well-spring formed by boring perpendicu- larly into the earth. 3 Art'f#l, a. Cunning, skilful, dexterous. Art-ful-ly (arffuHe), ad. With art ; skilfully. 3 Art'ful v ness, n. Skill, cunning. *AR-THRi,T-ic(ar-£Mt'Ik),a.Gouty. Ar-thrit-is (kr-thrh'h), n. The gout. Ar-ti-choke (ar'teHshoke), n. A garden vegetable, an esculent. Ar-ti-cle (ar'te^kl), n. A part of speech; as, the, a-, an; a single clause of an account ; a particu- lar part of any complex thing; term, stipulation : — v. t. } to stip- ulate ; make terms. Ar'ti^cling, p. prs. Ar-tic-u-lar (-ar-tlk'u^lar), a. Be- longing to. the joints. **Ar-tic-u-late (ar-tik'uHate), v.t. To utter words distinctly; to joint: — v. i., to speak distinctly. Ar-tic'u x la-ting, p. prs. Ar-tic-u-late (ar-tlk'ulit), a. Distinct; jointed. [317-4.] Ar-tic-u-late-ly (ar-tik'u'lit-le). ad. In an articulate voice, clearly. Ar-tic-tj-la-tion (ar x tik-u-la'- shun), n. The juncture or joint of bones; the act of forming words. *Ar-ti-fice (ar'te N fis), n. Trick, fraud, stratagem; art. [112-18.] [248-20.] *Ar-tif-i-cer (ar-tif'e x sur), n. A manufacturer ; a mechanic. *Ar-ti-fi-cial far-te-fish'al), a. Made by art; fictitious; not natural. [189-27.] *Ar-ti-fi-cial-ly (^ar-te-flsh'al- x le), ad. Artfully, with skill. Ar-til-ler-ist (ar-til'lurist), n One skilled in ordnance* *Ar-til-ler-y (ar-til'lur x re), n. Weapons of war; cannon; ord- nance; troops that manage ordnance. *AR-Ti-sAN( x ar-te-zan'orar r t^'zan), ii. A person skilled in any art; manufacturer. 2 Art'!st, n. One who practices one of the fine arts. 2 Art'less, a. Unskilful; without fraud; simple. *"ART-LESS-LY(art'l^s v le),acZ. With- out art; naturally; sincerely. 2 Art'less x ness, n. Simplicity. A-run-di-na-ceous (a v run-de-na'- shus), a. Reedy. £"Ar-un-din-e-ous far-un-dln'e- x us), a. Abounding with reeds. As (az), ad. In like manner; like; while; equally; for example (cor. a. — as or so) : — con. c, for the reason that. (cor. c. — forasmuch.) 70B" The conjunction as is by some grammarians considered a relative pronoun when it fol- lows many, such, or same. It is then held to be equivalent to who or which ; as, " Let such as hear take heed." Oth- ers supply the ellipsis; thus, " Let such persons as those who hear, take heed;" and, in all like cases, they call as a con- junction. See " Bullion's Eng- lish Grammar," p. 233. *As-a-fet-i-da 1 ( v as-sa-f£t'eMa), AS-A-FOET-I-DA > 11. A gum of As-sa-fcet-i-oa J fetid smell. As-BES-TiNE(az-bey tin), a. Incom- bustible ; pertaining to asbestos. *As-bes-tos | (az-beVtus), n. A As-bes-tus J fibrous mineral which fire cannot consume. As-cend (as-s^nd'), v. t. To climb up any thing : — v. i., to mount upwards ; to rise ; to go up. *As-cend-ant (as-s£nd'ant), n. Height ; elevation ; superior in- fluence [280-27] : — a., superior, predominant, (ap. p. — over.) As-cend-en-cy (as-send'eVse), n. Influence, power, sway. [135-4.] [381-19.] *As-cend'en\3ies, n. pi. *As-cen-sion (as-seVshun), n. The act of ascending or rising. As-CEN-siON-DAY(as-seVshun'xla) n. The day on which the ascen- sion of our Saviour is com- memorated. As-cent (as-se'nt'), n. Rise, the act of rising ; the acclivity ; an emi- nence. [367-20.] As-cer-tain fas-ser-tane'), v. t. To make certain, establish, de- termine. [35-33.] [345-1.] *As-CER-TAiN-A-BLE( x as-se : r-tano'- a-bl), a. That may be ascertained. As-cer-tain-ment ( x as-s^r-tane'- m£nt), n. A settled rule,astandnrd. As-ci;t-ic (as-sSt'ik), n. He that retires to devotion ; a hermit : — «.,austere ; employed in devotion. *As-cet-i-cism (as-s&t'e^lzin), n. The state or practice of ascetics. *As-cri-ba-ble (as-krl'ba x bl), a. Possible to be ascribed. As-cribe (as-krlbe'), v. t. To at- tribute to as a cause; to im- pute. [179-16.] As-cri'bing, p. prs. As-crtp-tion (as-krlp'shun), n. The act of ascribing. 4 Ash, n. A tree. 4 A-shamed',«. Touched with shame. "Ash'en, a. Made of ash-wood. Ash-es (ash'Iz), n. pi. of ash ; the remains of any thing burnt; the remains of the body. 4 Ash'lar, \n. A facing made of 4 Ash'ler, j thin, square slabs or stones, covering walls of brick or rubble. In Great Britain ic is applied to free-stone as it comes from the quarry. * 4 Ash'ler x 1ng, ii. Quartering for laths on garret walls. 4 A-SH0RE',ac/.0nshore,0n the land. *Ash-Wed-nes-day (ash-wenz'- da), n. The first day of Lent. 45 AS? ASS Fate, far, fill, fit — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, ASS Ash-y (ash'e), a. Ash-colored, pale. 4 A-s1de, ad. To one side; apart. *"As-i-nine (as ; se x nlne), a. Be- longing to an ass ; stupid. 4 Ask, v. t. To petition, beg; to demand; to inquire; to ques- tion, (ap. p. — of a person, for or after what we wish to obtain or hear of.) *As-kance (as-kans'), j ad. Side- As-kant (as-kanf), J ways ; obliquely ; askew. *A-skew (a-sku/), ad. Aside, con- temptuously, askant. 4 A-SLANT r ,«d. On one side, obliquely. 4 A-sleep', ad. Sleeping; at rest. 4 A-sl6pe', ad. With declivity; obliquely, incliningly. 4 Asp, n. A venomous serpent. * 4 As-par'a x g#s, n. A garden vege- table, an esculent. As-pect (as'p£kt), n. Look, air, appearance : countenance ; view. [36-17.] [175-29.] 4 As'pen, n. A tree, the leaves of which always tremble : — a., be- longing to the asp-tree ; made of aspen-wood. As-per-i-ty (as-peV^te), n. Rug- gedness of temper; roughness; harshness. [242-11.] * As-perVties, n. pi. ■'As-perse', v. t. To calumniate; to slander ; to vilify. As-per'sing, p. prs. *As-per-sion (as-peVshun), n. A sprinkling; censure, calumny. As-phalt (as-falf), As-phal-tos (as-faFtus), *As-phal-tum (as-fal'tum), A bituminous pitch or stone. *As-phal-tic (as-fal'tlk), a. Gum- my, bituminous. *As-pho-del (as'fc-MSl), n. The day-lily. As-phyx-i-a (as-flx'e^a), ) n. Sus- As-phyx-y (as-fix'e), J pended animation or respiration. As-pi-rant (as-pl'rant), n. An as- pirer ; a candidate: — a., aspiring. 46 As-pi-rate (as'pe'rate), v. t. To pronounce with full breath. *As'pi x ra-ting, p. prs. As-pi-rate (as'peVlt), n. A rough breathing; a sign denoting it and marked thus [ c ] : — a., pro- nounced with full breath. As-Pi-RA-TiON^as-pe-ra'shun), n. A full pronunciation ; ardent wish. 4 As-p1re', v. i. To desire eagerly ; to rise higher; to aim at. [op. p. —to, after.) [92-3.] [285-18.] As-pi'ring, p. prs. As-pir-er (as-pir'ur), n. One who aspires, an aspirant. [liquely. *A-squint (a-skwinf), ad. Ob- 4 Ass, n. An animal of burden ; a stupid, dull fellow. Ass'es, n. pi. As-SA-F(ET-i-DA,n. See asafetid a. As-sail (as-sale'), v. t. To attack, to assault, to fall upon. [127-24.] *As-sail-a-ble (as-sale'a v bl), a. Possible to be assailed. *As-sail-ant (as-sale'ant), n. He that attacks : — a., attacking, invading. As-SAiL-ER(as-sale'ur), n. One who attacks another; an assailant. 4 As-sas'sin, n. A secret murderer ; one who assassinates. As-sAs-siN-ATE(as-sas'se x nate),v.<. To murder by violence or secret assault. ^As-SAS'SI^NA-TING, p. prs. As-sas-si-na-tion (as^sas-s£-na'- shun), n.The act of assassinating. As-sault (as-salt'), n. Storm ; in- vasion ; attack : — v. t., to attack, invade ; to assail. *As-sault-er (as-salt'ur), n. One who assaults ; an assailant. As-say (as-sa'), n. Examination of ores, weights, or measures; trial of the quantity of metal in an ore : — v. t., to determine the amount of metal in a compound : — v. i., to attempt. *As-say-er (as-sa'ur), n. One who assays metal. *As-sem-blage (as-sem'bllje), w. A collection ; an assembly. As-sem-ble (as-seWbl), v. t. To bring together; to collect: — v.i., to meet together. *As-sem'bling, p. prs. *As-sem-bly (as-s£ni'ble), n. A company met together ; a con- gregation; a legislature. [71-27.] As-sem'blies, n. pi. 4 As-sent', n. The act of agreeing; consent : — v. i., to concede, yield to; to consent, (ap. p. — to.) 4 As-sert', v. t. To maintain, affirm ; to declare positively. [36-25.] *As-ser-tion (as-seVshun), n. The act of asserting ; affirmation. *As-sert-ive (as-s£rt'iv), a. Posi- tive, dogmatical. As-sert-or (as-s3rt'ur), n. An affirmer, maintainer. 4 As-sess', V. t. [prs. t. 3, assesses.] To charge with any certain sum ; to tax ; to rate. 'As-sess'ment, n. The sum levied on certain property; the act of assessing; a tax. *As-sess-or (as-seVsur), n. One who values taxable property. 4 As'sets, n. pi. Goods sufficient to discharge legal claims, as op- posed to liabilities. * 4 As-sev'er\Lte, v. t. To affirm with great solemnity. As-sev'er^a-ting, p.prs. As-sev-er-a-tion (as^eV-eV-a'- smln), ii. Solemn affirmation. : 'As-si-du-i-ty fas-se-du'eHe), n. Diligence ; close application. [50.] [276.] x As-si-du'i n ties, n. pi. As-sid-tj-ous (as-sid'jMs),^ Con- stant in application. [277-16.] As-sid-u-ous-ness (as-sid'ju- us- ee's), n. Assiduity. *'As-siD-u-ous-LY(as-sld'ju r us-le), ad. Diligently, continually. *As-sign (as-slne'), v. t. To mark out, appoint, fix, allot; to trans- fer. [36-1.] ASS AST n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thm, this. AST As-signs (as-slnz'), n. pi. Those persons to whom any trust is assigned; assignees. As-sign-a-ble (as-sine'a^bl), a. That may be assigned; trans- ferable. *As-siG-NA-TiON( x as-slg-na'shun), n. An appointment to meet. *As-sign-ee ( x as-se-nee')» n> One to whom any thing' is assigned ; one deputed by another ; an assign. . As-siGN-ER(as-slne'ur) j w.Onewho As-siGN-OR( x as-sln-6Y) J assigns. *As-sign-ment (as-sine'ment), n. The act of assigning; a transfer of property or interest ; the writing by which any thing is transferred. As-sim-i-late (as-slm'eHate), v. t. To make like or similar : — v. %., to grow like. (ap. p. — to.) * As-sim'i n la-ting, p. prs. As-sim-i-la-tion (as^slm-e-la'- shun), n. The act of converting any thing to the nature of an- other ; the act of growing like. 'As-sIst', v. t. To help ; to relieve. *As-sist-ance (as-slst'anse), n. Help, succor, relief, support. ^s-sIst'ant, n. One who assists : — a., helping, aiding. 'As-sIze', n. A court of judica- ture ; a statute to determine the weight of bread : — v. £., to fix the rate of any thing ; to settle. ^As-si'zing, p. prs. As-si-zer (as-si'zur),n. An officer who inspects weights and meas- ures. *As-so-ci-ate (as-s&'she x ate), v. t. To join in company — v. «'., to join action or companionship. (ap.p.— with,to.)[25-24.][220-5.] AS-S0'CI N A-TING, p. prs. As-so-ci-ate (as-s6'shelt), n. A confederate : — a., confederate. As-so-ci-A-TiON(as's6-she-a'shun), n. Union; society; confederacy; connection; an assembly. [70.] AS^SO-CI-A'TION^ST.See COMMUNIST. As-sort (as-sdrf or as-s&rt')> v. t. To class ; to arrange. f As-sort-ment (as-sdrt'ment or as- s6rt'ment), n. Variety; a quan- tity assorted. *As-suage (as-swaje'), v. t. To mitigate ; to soften. [279-2.] As-sua'ging, p. prs. As-suage-ment (as-swaje'ment), n. Mitigation ; the act of softening. *As-stta-sive (as-swa'slv), a. Mitigating, easing. 4 As-sume', v. t. To take upon one's self; to arrogate; to take for granted. [81-22.] [273-12.] *As-su'ming, p. prs.: — a., arro- gant, haughty. As-su-mer (as-su r mur), n. One who assumes. *As-sump-sit (as-sum'slt), n. A voluntary verbal promise. *As-sump-tion (as-sum'shun), n. The act of taking any thing to one's self; supposition; the thing supposed. As-sump-tive (as-sum'tiv), a. Of a nature to be assumed. *As-su-rance (ash-shu/ranse), n. Certain expectation ; want of modesty ; security ; insurance ; positive declaration. [36-25.] *As-sure (ash-shure'), v. t. To give confidence ; to declare posi- tively ; to make secure ; to insure. (ap.p.— of.) [277-19.] As-su'ring, p. prs. *As-su-red-ly (ash-shu're^le), ad. Certainly ; without doubt. [58-11.1 As-su-red-ness (ash-shu'red^nes), n. The state of being assured. *As-ter-isk (as'turlsk), n. A mark in printing; thus [ * ]. As-ter-ism (as'turlzin), n. A con- stellation ; the mark [ *^* ]. 4 A-stern', ad. In the hinder part of the ship; behind. As-ter-oid (as'tur^did), n. One of the small planets. As-then-ic (as-f/je'nlk), a. Feeble. Asth-ma (ast'ma), n. Difficult res- piration, with a wheezing sound and cough. *Asth-mat-ic (ast-mat'ik), a. Troubled with asthma. [365-26.] 4 As-t6n'1sh, v. t. [^r*. t. 3, as- tonishes.] To impress with surprise, fear, or wonder; to amaze. [130-18.] [359-8.] 4 As-t6n'1sh x ment, n. Amazement, surprise, wonder. [72-23.] 4 As-t6und', v. t. To astonish ; to stun ; to terrify. 4 As'TRAL,r*.Starry,relating to stars. A-stray (a-stra'), ad. Out of the right way. * 4 A-STRiDE,ae£. With the legs apart. As-tringe (as-trinje'), v. t. To make parts draw together,to bind. As-trin'ging,p. prs. *As-trin-gen-cy (as-trin'jeVse), m* The power of contracting. As-trin'gen x cies, n. pi. *As-trin-gent (as-trin'jent), a. Binding, contracting : — n., a medicine which contracts the tissues. 4 As r TRO x LABE, n. An instrument formerly used at sea for taking the altitude of the sun or stars. *As-trol-o-ger (as-tr6l'16 v jur), n. One who professes to foretell by the stars. As-tro-lo-gic ( v as-tr6-16jlk), *As-tro-lo-gi-cal (^s-tr^-lfy'e- x kai), a. Relating to astrology. As-trol-o-gy (as-tr61'ld x je), n. Prediction by the stars. As-trol'o v gies, n. pi. *As-TRON-o-MER(as-tr6n'6 x mur),n. One skilled in astronomy. *As-TRO-NOM-i-cAL( x as-tro-nonr'e- v kal), a. Belonging to astronomy. AS-TRO-NOM-I-CAL-LY ('aS-trO- n6in'e v kal-le), od. In an astro- nomical manner. As-tron-o-my (as-tr6n'6 v me), n. A science teaching the knowledge of the celestial bodies. As-tron'o\mies, n. pL 47 ATO ATT Fate, far, fall, fat—me, in St— pine, pla— no, m5ve, ATT AS-TRO-THE-OL-O-GY (as'trd-^e- 61'16 v je), n. Divinity founded on the observation of the heavenly bodies. As-TUTE(as-tute'),«.Shrewd,subtle. A-sun-der (a-sun'dur), ad. Apart, separately. *A-sy-lum (a-sl'lum), n. A sanc- tuary ; a refuge $ a shelter. * At, prp. Nearness; toward; by; in j on ; with. *Ate, pst. t. of EAT. A-the-ism (a'^lzm), n. The dis- belief in the existence of God. *A-the-ist (a'^elst), n. One that denies the existence of God. A-THE-is-Ti-CAL( x a-^e-ist'e v kal),a. Given to atheism ; denying God. *A-the-is-ti-cal-ly ( v a-t^e-ist'6- x kal-le), ad. In an atheistical manner. [public library. *Ath-e-ne-um (^a^-S-ne'um), n. A Wb-nr'a, j u Ath-e-ne'ums, j r A-thirst (a-fMrsf), ad. Thirsty. Ath-lete (ath-lete'), n. One who contends for victory ; a wrestler. *Ath-let-ic (a^/i-let'lk), a. Be- longing to wrestling ; strong of body; vigorous. [222-7.] -A-THWART(a-eAwart')^^>. Trans- verse ; across ; through. *A-tilt', ad. Like one making a thrust ; with one end raised. 4 At / las, n. A collection of maps. *At'las v es, n. pi. *At-mo-sphere (at'm6 > sfere), n. The air that encompasses the earth on all sides. [79-1.] At-mo-spher-ic ( N at-m6-sfer'ik), At-mo-spher-i-cal ( x at-m6-sfeV£- N kal), a. Belonging to the at- mosphere. *At-om (at'um), n. An ultimate or indivisible particle; an ex- tremely small particle. [77-8.] [217.] A-tom-ic (a-t6mlk), ) A-tom-i-cal (a-t&m'e^kal), j a ' Consisting of, or relating to,atoms. 48 At-om-ism (at'6m x izm), n. The doctrine or theory of atoms. 4 At'6 x m!st, n. One that holds the atomic philosophy. At-o-my (at'6 N me), n. An atom. *AtVmies, n. pi. 4 A-t6ne', v. i. To expiate; to make satisfaction for; to reconcile. (ap. p. — for.) *A-to'ning, p. prs. ^-t&ne'ment, n. Expiation ; satis- faction by an equivalent. A-ton-ic (&-t6n'ik), a. Relaxed. 4 A-t6p', ad. On or at the top ; above. *AT-RA-BiL-ious( N at-ra-bll / yus),a. Melancholy ; full of bile. ^At-ra-ment'Il, a. Inky ; black. *A-tro-cious (a-tr6'shus), a. Wicked in a high degree; fla- grant, outrageous. [351-7.] A-tro-cious-ly (a-tr6'shus x le), ad. In an atrocious manner. A-tro-cious-ness (a-tro'shus^nes), n. Enormous criminality. *A-troc-i-ty (a-tr6s'se x te), n. Extreme wickedness; enormity A-trocVties, n. pi. [of guilt. *At-ro-phy (at'r6 v fe), n. Want of nourishment; a wasting away. At'roVhies, n. pi. At-tach (at-tatsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, attaches.] To take, seize; to win, gain over ; to enamor ; to affix, (ap. p. — to.) *At-tach-ment (at-tatsh'ment), n. Adherence, regard, fidelity ; a legal process for taking a person or goods. [19-15.] [271.] At-tack (at-tak'), v. t. To assault; to fall upon ; to assail : — n., an assault, an onset. At-tain (at-tane ; ), v. t. To gain, procure ; to reach : — v. ?'., to ar- rive at ; to come to. (ap. p. — to.) [57-36.] *At-tain-a-ble (at-tane'a^bl), a. Possible to be attained. [318-3.] At-tain-der (at-tane'dur), n. The act of attainting in law ; convic- tion of a crime. At-tain-ment (at-tane'ment), n. That which is attained ; acqui- sition, acquirement. [335-14.] At-taint (at-tant'), v. t. To taint; to disgrace ; to corrupt ; to con- vict of a crime by which one's blood is corrupted : — n., stain, taint, spot. At-tem-per (at-tem/pur), v. t. To regulate, soften ; to mingle. [72-22.] At-tempt (at-temt'), v. t. To at- tack, try; to endeavor: — n., an essay, an endeavor, a trial. 4 At-tend', v. t. To regard; to fol- low ; to be present at ; to wait on ; to accompany : — v. i., to yield attention ; to heed. (ap. p. —to.) [110-22.] [198.] At-tend-ance (at-tend'anse), n. The act of waiting on another ; a being present; the persons present; a train; attention. [196-22.] 4 At-tend'ant, n. One that at- tends : — a., accompanying. At-ten-tion (at-ten'shun), n. The act of attending ; notice. At-ten-tive (at-ten'tiv), a. Heed- ful, regardful, polite, diligent. (ap. p. — to.) At-ten-tive-ly (at-ten'tiv^), ad, Heedfully, diligently. At-ten-tive-ness (at-ten'tiv^e's), n. Heedfulness, attention. * 4 AT-TEN r ^r v ANT,rt. Making slender; thinning: — n., that which thins. 4 At-ten'£ v Ate, v. t. To make thin. At-ten'u n a-ting, p. prs. AT-TEN-u-A-TiON(at x ten-u-a r shun), n. The act of making thin. 4 At-test', v. t. To bear witness to ; to affirm ; to certify. [152-9.] *At-test-a-tion ( N at-test-a'shun), n. Official testimony, evidence. *At-tic (at'tik), a. Belonging to Attica or Athens; delicate; ele- gant, classic, keen : — n., an up- per story. *AT-Ti-ciSM(at'te N sizm),n. Peculiar AUC AUG n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. AUK, idiom of the Greek language; the Attic style. *At-t1re', v. t. To dress ; to adorn ; to array : — n., clothes, dress. At-ti'ring, p.prs. *At-ti-tude (at'te'Hude), n. A pos- ture, position. [88-11.] [305-3.] 4 At-toi/lent, a. Lifting up. *At-tor-ney (at-tur'ne), n. One who acts for another ; a lawyer. A t-tor-ney-ship (at-tur'ne^shlp), n. The office of an attorney. At-tract (at-trakt'), v. t. To draw to; to tend toward; to engage, allure, invite. [50-39.] [232-3.] At-tract-ile (at-trakt'll), a. Hav- ing power to attract. At-trac-tion (at-trak'shun), n. The power of drawing to; al- lurement. *At-tract-ive (at-trakt'lv), a. Inviting, alluring, enticing. [96-18.] [183-17.] At-tract-ive-ly (at-traktlv^le), ad. With the power of attracting. At-tract-ive-ness (at-trakt'iv- x n£s), n. State of being at- tractive. At-tract-or (at-trakt'ur), n. The agent that attracts. * 4 At'tra x hent, n. That which attracts : — a., attracting. At-trib-u-ta-ble (at-trib'uHa-bl), a. Ascribable, imputable. ^At-trIb'ute, v. t. To ascribe, impute ; to charge, (ap. p. — -to.) ^At-trib'u^ting, p. prs. At-tri-bute (at'tre x bute), n. The thing attributed to another ; in- herent quality ; a property, (ap. p.— of.) [35-8.] [179-18.]. . *At-tri-tion (at-trlsh'un), n. The act of wearing things by rub- bing ; abrasion ; grief for sin. 4 At-tune', v. t. To make musical; to put in tune.f ^At-tu'ning, p. prs. Au-burn (aw'burn), a. Brown ; of a dark tan color. Auc-tion (awk'shdn), n. A public D sale of property to the highest bidder : — a., sold at auction. Atjc-tion-a-ry (awk'shun^-re), a, Belonging to an auction. *Auc-TioN-EER( x awk-shun-eer'),w. The manager of an auction:- v. i., to sell at auction. Au-DA-ciOTJs(aw-da r shus), a. Bold, impudent, daring. Au-da-cious-ly (aw-da'shus-le), ad. Boldly, impudently. Au-da-ciotjs-ness (aw-da'shus- ^nes), n. Boldness, impudence. *Att-da-ci-ty (aw-das'se x te), n. Spirit, boldness, effrontery. Au-dac'i v ties, n. pi. *Atj-:di-ble (aw'de'bl), a. That may be heard. Au-di-ble-ness (aw'de x bl-nes), n. Capability of being heard. *Atj-di-bly (aw'de x ble), ad. In a manner to be heard. *Ati-di-ence (aw'de v ense), n. The act of hearing ; a hearing ; per- sons collected to hear. [33-6.] [287-22.] Au-DiT (aw'dlt), n. A final ac- count; an authorized examina- tion of accounts : — v. t., to exa- mine and adjust accounts by authority. [151.] *Atj-di-tor (aw'deHur), n. A hearer; a person authorized to examine accounts ultimately. Atj-di-tor-y (aw'de x tur-re), n. An audience ; a place where lectures are to be heard : — a., relating to the sense of hearing; able to hear. Au'di x tor-ies, n. pi. Atj-di-tress (aw'deHrls), n. A female hearer. At7'di x tress-es, n. pi. *Au-ger (aw'gur), n, An iron tool for boring holes in wood. * Aught (awt), n. Any thing. Aug-ment (awg'ment), n. Increase. Aug-ment (awg-m£nt'), v. t. To increase, make bigger [54-13] : — v. i., to grow bigger. *Aug-ment-a-tion (^awg-mSnt-a'- 5 shun), n. The act of increasing; increase; state of being increased. *Au-gur (aw'gur), n. One who predicts by omens: — v. t. ori., to conjecture by signs ; to guess. Au-gu-ra-tion ( x aw-gu-ra'shun), n. The practice, of augury. *Au-gu-ry (aw'guVe), n. Prog- nostication by signs ; an omen. Au'gu x ries, n. pi. *Au-gust (aw'gust), n. The eighth' month of the year, named in honor of Augustus Caesar. Au-gust (aw-gusf), a. Majestic, grand, magnificent. [128.] [257-16.] Au-gust-ness (aw-gust'nes), n. Dignity, grandeur. Au-let-ic (aw-let'ik), a. Pertain- ing to pipes. *Au-lic (aw'lik), a. Belonging to a royal court. Aunt (ant), n. A father's or a mother's sister. *Au-re-lia (aw-re'le N a), n. A chrysalis : — see caterpillar. Au-RE-o-LA(aw-re'6 N la), n. A circle of rays representing glory. *Au-ri-cle (aw're x kl), n. The ex- ternal ear; one of the two re- ceiving chambers of the heart. Au-ric-u-lar (aw-rik'u N lar), a. Pertaining to the ear ; secret. Au-ric-u-late (aw-rik'u x lit), a. Ear-shaped; auriform. ^Atj-rif-e-rous (aw-rlf'e N rus), a. Producing or bearing gold. Au-ri-form (aw'reYorai), a. Ear- shaped, auriculate. *Au-rist (aw'rist), n. One skilled in disorders of the ear. *Au-ro-ra (aw-r6'ra), n. The light before sunrise ; the morn- ing ; the Aurora Borealis ; an herb. *Au-ro-ra Bo-re-al-is (aw-r6'ra bd-re-al'lis), n. The northern lights, or daybreak. Au-RO-RAL(aw-r6'ral),a.Belonging to or resembling the aurora. 49 AUT AUT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, AVE AlTS-CTJL-TA-TION ( X aWS-kul-ta' shun), n. The determination of the condition of the heart or lungs by listening to their sounds : — see percussion. *Au-spice (aw'spis), n. An omen; influence, protection, patronage. AiJ-SPi-cious(aw-splsh'us),a. With omens of success ; favorable, propitious. [146-10.] [323-4.] Au-SPi-cious-LY(aw-spish , us-le x ) ad. Prosperously, happily. *Au-stere (aw-stere'), a. Severe, harsh, rigid, stern, ascetic. Atj-stere-ly (aw-stere'le), ad. Se- verely, rigidly, sternly. *Att-ster-i-ty (aw-ster'eHe), n. Severity of living; strictness. [381-5.] Att-ster'i x ties, n. pi. *Atjs-tral (aws'tral), a. Southern. Au-then-tic (aw-^en'tik), a. Hav- ing approved authority ; reliable, true, genuine. [288-13.] Ait-then-ti-cal-ly {aw-*Aen'te- x kal-le), ad. In an authentic manner. *Au-then-ti-cate (aw-^en'te- v kate), v. t. To prove by authority. Au-THEN'TI X CA-TING, p. pr8. Au-THEN-TI-CA-TION (twHh^Xi-th- ka'shun), n. The act of authen- ticating; confirmation. *Au-then-ti-ci-ty ( x aw-^en-tls'- se v te), n. Authority, genuineness. N Au-THEN-TIC'l X TIES, n. pi. Au-thor (aw'^Mr),n. The begin- ner or first mover of any thing ; a writer or composer. [69-8.] *Au-thor-ess (aw'tAuVSs), n. A female writer or composer. Au'thor v ess-es, n. pi. Au-thor-i-ta-tive (aw- n. A beacon. Balk (bawk), n. A great beam ; a ridge of land left unploughed ; a disappointment : — v. t., to disap- point, frustrate, elude. BXll, n. Any round or spherical body; a globe; an entertain- ment of dancing. Bal'lad, n. A song ; a light poem. Bal'last, n. Something heavy put in the bottom of a ship to keep it steady : — v. t. f to keep steady. *Bal-let (bal'let), n. A dance. *Bal-l66n', n. A vessel used in chemistry ; a large, hollow silken vessel filled with gas, which makes it rise into the air. *Bal-lot (bal'lut), n. A little ball or ticket used in giving votes ; the act of voting by ballot : — v. i., to choose by ballot; to vote. (ap. p>> — for.) Balm (bam), n. That which heals ; any fragrant ointment ; a plant. *Balm-y (bam'e), a. Having the qualities of balm; producing balm ; soothing,soft; odoriferous. Bal-ne-al (bal'ne-al), a. Pertain- ing to a bath. Bal-sam (bawl'sum), n. A resinous aromatic substance ; an ointment. Bal-sam-ic (bal-sam'ik), a. Unc- tuous ; mitigating ; healing. Bal-us-ter (bal'us v tur), n. A small column used for supporting a rail on a flight of stairs. '^BAL-fts-TRADE', n. A TOW of balusters. *Bam-b66', n. An Indian plant of the reed kind. Ban, n. Public notice; a curse, interdict, censure. Ba-na-na (ba-na/na or ba-na r na),w. AWest Indian plant and its fruit. Band, n. A bandage ; any thing bound round another; a com- pany, a crew : — v. L, to unite into one body or troop ; to associate. Band-age (band'ije), n. A fillet; a roller: — v. L, to bind up. Band'a\jing, p. prs. *Ban-dan'a, ) n. A silk, spotted Ban-dan'na, j handkerchief. Band-box (band'b6ks), n. A slight or thin box used for bonnets, &c. Band'box^es, n. pi. Ban'de x let, \n. A flat moulding Band'let, J or fillet; a band. Ban'dIt, n. A robber, outlaw. pis., BANDITS Or BANDITTI. -Ban-dit'ti, n. pi. A company of robbers or highwaymen. -Ban-do-leer ( x ban-d6-leer / ),n. A small case for charges of powder. Band-rol (band'r61e), n. A little flag or streamer. Ban-dy (ban'de), n. A club for striking a ball : — v. t., to beat to and fro ; to toss about, agitate ; to give and take. Ban'dies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Ban'died, p. prf. Ban-dy-Leg (ban'deH£g), n. A leg which curves outwards. Ban-dy-Legged (ban'de v l^gd), a. Having legs which curve out- wards. Bane, n. Poison ; mischief, ruin. iJANE'FtJL, a. Poisonous, noxious, destructive. Bang, n. A blow, a thump ; a loud noise: — v. t., to beat; to thump; to handle roughly. BANISH, V. t. [prs. L 3, BANISHES.] To condemn to leave his own country ; to drive away ; to 5* exile, (ap.p.— from, to.) [23-38.] J>36-6.] Ban'ishVent, n. The act of banish- ing ; state of being banished ; exile. Bank (bangk), n. The earth rising on each side of a water; any heap of earth; a shoal; a place where money is deposited and issued :— v. t., to deposit money in a bank ; to enclose with banks. Bank-a-ble (bangk'a^bl), a. That may be received by a bank. Bank-Bill (bangk'bll), ) n. A Bank-Note (bangk'ndte), J prom- issory note issued by a bank. Bank-er (bangk'ur), n. One that traffics in money. Bank-ritpt (bangk'rupt), a. In debt beyond the power of pay- ment ; insolvent : — n., one who cannot pay his debts. Bank-rupt-cy (bangk'rup N se), n. The state of being a bankrupt ; insolvency. *BANK'RUPT r CIES, n. pi. Ban-ner (ban'nur), n. A flag, a standard, a streamer. Ban-ner-et (ban'nur^t), n. A knight made on the field of battle. Ban-nock (ban'nuk), n. A cake made of oat or barley meal. Banns, ) n. pi. Public notice of an Bans, J intended marriage. *Ban-quet (bangk'kwet), n. A feast ; an entertainment of eat- ing [286-6] : — v. i. y to feast; to fare daintily. Ban-quet-Er (bangk'kwe'tfur), n. One that lives deliciously. *Ban-quette (bangk-ket'), n. A small bank at the foot of a parapet. Ban'tam, n. A small domestic fowl. Ban-ter (ban'tur), v. t. To run upon; to rally; to jeer: — n., ridicule, raillery, [that banters. *Ban-ter-er (ban'tur^ur), n. One Bant-ling (bant'llng), n. A little child; an infant. 53 BAR BAR Fate, far, fill, fit — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, BAR 33ap-tism (bap'tizm), n. One of the Christian sacraments ; a rite by which a person is initiated into the visible church of Christ by the application of water. #Bap-tis-mal (bap-tiz'mal), a. Pertaining to baptism. Bap'tIst, n. He that administers baptism ; one who is opposed to infant baptism, and practices immersion. Bap-tis-ter-y (bap'tisHur-re), n. A place for baptism ,• a font. ^Bap'tis^ter-ies, n. pi. Bap-tIze', v. t. To christen, admin- ister the sacrament of baptism. Bap-ti'zing, p. prs. Bap-ti-zer (bap-tl'zur), n. One that christens ; one who baptizes. Bar, n. A cross-beam, a bolt; any thing used for prevention; the place where causes of law are tried ; an enclosed place in a tavern ; a stroke drawn perpen- dicularly across the lines of a piece of music ; a bank of sand at the entrance of a harbor ; the body of lawyers : — v. t., to fasten with a bolt or bar; to hinder, obstruct, prevent ; to shut up. Bar'ring, p. prs. ^Bar'red, p. prf. Barb, n. A beard ; the points that stand backward in an arrow ; a Barbary horse : — v. t., to furnish ahorse with armor; to jag ar- rows with hooks. BIrb'ed, a. Bearded; jagged with hooks. Bar-ba-can (bar'ba^kan), \ n. A Bar-bi-can (bar r be x kan), J forti fication placed before the walls of a town or at the end of a bridge. Bar-ba-ri-an (bar-baWan), n, A man uncivilized ; a savage : — a., savage, wild, uncivilized. Bar-bar-ic (bar-bar'lk), a. Rude, foreign, uncivilized. [129-17.] *Bar-ba-rism (bar'baMzm), n. 54 An impropriety in speech; ig- norance ; inhumanity ; cruelty ; brutality. [39-17.] Bar-bar-i-ty (bar-bar'eHe), n. Savageness, cruelty. --Bar-barVties, n. pi. Bar'ba x r1ze, v. t. To make barba- rous: — v.i. to commit a barbarism. Bar'ba n ri-zing, p. prs. Bar-ba-rous (bar'baVus), a. Un- civilized; savage; unacquainted with arts ; cruel, inhuman. Bar-ba-rous-ly (bar'baVus-le), ad. Cruelly, inhumanly. Bar-ba-rous-ness (bar'baVus- nes), n. State of being barba- rous ; cruelty. *Bar-be-ctte (bar'be'ku), v. t. To dress a hog or ox whole : — n., a hog or ox dressed whole; an en- tertainment in the open air. *Bar'be x ctt-ing, p. prs. Bar-bel (bar'bl), n. A river-fish. Bar-ber (bar'bur), n. A man who shaves the beard. Bar-ber-ry (bar'beVre), n. A bush and its acid berry. BAR'BER X RIES, Tl. pi. Bar-bi-can. See barbacan. Bard, n. A poet ; a minstrel. Bare, a. Naked; uncovered; un- adorned; poor; scanty; mere (op. p. — of) : — v. t., to strip; to uncover : — pst. t. of bear (to bring forth). Ba'ring, p. prs. *Bare-fa-ced (bare-faste')> a. With the face naked ; impudent, shameless. Bare-pa-ced-ly (bare-fa'se'dHe), ad. Openly ; impudently. Bare-fa-ced-ness (bare-fa'sed- Ws), a. Effrontery, assurance; audaciousness, shamelessness. Bare-foot (bare'f&t), a. Without shoes or stockings. Bare-head-ed (bare / he ! d x de ! d), a. With the head uncovered. Bare-ly (bare'le), ad. Nakedly, merely. Bare'ness, n. Nakedness; pov- erty; leanness. *Bar-gain (bar'gln), n. A con- tract or agreement concerning sale; the thing bought or sold ; a trade: — v. i., to make a contract or sale ; to agree, (ap. p. — for ) Bar-gain-ee ( N bar-gln-ee'), n. One who accepts a bargain. Barge (barje), n. A boat for pleasure or burden. Ba-ri-um (ba'reMm), n. A white, malleable metal. Bark, n. The rind or covering of a tree ; a small ship ; the cry of a dog: — v. t., to strip trees of their bark: — v. i., to make a noise like a dog. Bar-ley (bar'le), n. A species of grain. Bar-ley-corn (bar'le^korn), n. A grain of barley ; the third part of a linear inch. Barm, n. Yeast, the ferment put into drink to make it work. Barm-y (barar'e), a. Containing barm. Barn, n. A place for storing hay, grain, or straw. *Bar-na-cle (bar'na^kl), n. A bird like a goose; a species of shell-fish : — pi., instruments for holding a horse by the nose. Ba-rom-e-ter (ba-romTtur), n. A machine for measuring the weight or pressure of the atmos- phere. ;: Bar-o-met-ri-cal ( x bar-6-met'- re N kal,) a. Relating to the bar- ometer. *Bar-on (bar'run), n. A degree of nobility next to a viscount ; a peer. Bar-on-age (bar'nWlje), n. The dignity or estate of a baron. *Bar-on-ess (bar r run x es), n. A baron's wife or lady. Bar'on^ess-es, n. pi. Bar-on-et (bar'run^et), n. The lowestdegree of hereditary honor BAR BAS n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6uncl — thin, THis* BAT in England; the title next to a baron. Bar-on-y (bar'run A ne), n. The territory or lordship of a baron, ^Bar^on^ies, n. pi. *Ba-rouche (ba-r6Ssh'), n. A four-wheeled open carriage. Barque (bark), n. A bark or small ship. Bar-rack (bar'rak), n. Building to lodge soldiers ; a rude hut. Bar-ra-tor (bar'raHur), n. An encourager of lawsuits. Bar-rel (bar'ril), n. A round wooden vessel ,• a wine-cask of 31£ gallons; a beer-cask of 36 gallons ; the contents of a barrel ; any thing hollow, as the barrel of a gun ; a cylinder : — v. t., to put into a barrel. Bar'relYing, j p ' pr8 ' *Bar'rel-ed, } , Bar'reL-LED, j frJ* Bar'rex, a. Unfruitful, sterile, scanty; unmeaning; uninven- tive ; dull : — n., a sterile tract of land. Bar-ren-ly (bar'reVle),acZ. Un- fruitfully. *Bar'ren v ness, n. Unfruitfulness, sterility; state of being barren. *Bar-ri-cade ( N bar-re-kade')> n. A fortification to keep off an attack ; a stop, bar, obstruction : — v. t., to stop up a passage ; to fortify. v Bar-ri-ca'ding, p. prs. *Bar-ri-er (bar're x ur), n. A bar- ricade ; a fortification ; a stop ; an obstruction ; a boundary. [89-19.] Bar-ris-ter (bar'risHur), n. A lawyer, an advocate, a pleader. Bar-row (bar'r6), n. A carriage moved by the hand. Bar' shot, n. Two bullets joined by a bar. Bar-ter (bar'tur), v. i. To traffic by exchanging one commodity for another : — v. t., to give any thing in exchange [84-12] [174-1] ; traffic by exchange. Bar-ter-er (bar'tur^ur), n. One who barters. *Ba-sal-tes (ba-sal'tez), n. A dark, grayish stone. Base, a. Mean ; worthless ; vile ; disingenuous ; illiberal ; in Music, grave, deep : — n., the bottom of anything; a pedestal; thefoun dation ; the principal ingredient of a mixture or compound ; the gravest part in music. Base-ly (base'le), ad. Meanly; dishonorably; vilely. Base'ness, n. Meanness; vileness. *BASE-Vl-OL ) ,, x ir*i\ Bass-Vi-ol j (^e-vi'ul), «. A stringed instrument used in concerts for the base sound. *Bash-Aw', n. A Turkish viceroy. Bash'ful, a. Modest, shamefaced, shy, coy. *Bash-fttl-ly (bash'furie), ad. Timorously, modestly, shyly. Bash'fuiAness, n. Modesty ; rus- tic shame; diffidence. Bas-il (baz'll), n. The name of a plant; the slope of a chisel's edge. *Ba-sil-i-con (ba-zil'leMiSn),?!. An ointment ; a salve. *Bas-i-lisk (baz'e^llsk), n. A kind of serpent; a species of cannon. Ba-sin (ba'sn), n. A small vessel to hold water; a small pond; a part of the sea enclosed ; a dock. Bl'sis, n. The foundation; the base ; the pedestal. *Ba'ses, n. pi. Bask, v. t. To warm by laying out in the heat : — v. i., to lie in the sun or warmth. Bask-et (bask'it),n. A vessel made of twigs, rushes, or splinters. Blss, n. A mat; the lowest part in music; a fish; a tree. Bass'es, n. pi. -Bass-Be-liep ( x bas-re-leef ), n. Sculpture, the figures of which project but little. BAS-SET(bas / sit),n.A game at cards. Bas-s66n', n. A musical wind-in- strument. Bass-Vi-ol. See base-viol. Baste, v. t. To beat with a stick ; to drip butter upon meat on the spit ; to sew lightly. Bast'ing, p. prs, Bas-ti-nade fbas-te-nade'), \ *Bas-ti-na-do ( > bas-te-na / d6), j n. A Turkish punishment of beating an offender on the soles of his feet: — v. t., to beat; to cudgel. -^Bas-ti-na'ding, p. prs. *Bas-tion (bas'tshiin), n. A huge mass of earth standing out from a rampart ; a bulwark. Bat, n. A heavy stick used in playing cricket ; a winged ani- mal resembling a mouse. Batch (batsh), n. The quantity of bread baked at a time ; any quantity made at once ; a lot. BATCH'ES, 71. pi. Bate, v. t. To lessen a demand ; to lower the price, cut off; to abate. Ba'ting, p. prs. BATE'FtJL, a. Contentious. *Bat-eatt (bat-6'), n. A long, light boat. *Bat-eaux (bat-6z'), n. pi. Bath (bkth or h&th), n. A place to bathe in ; act of bathing ; a He- brew measure of 7.5 gallons. Baths (baTHz or bamz), n. pi. Bathe (baTHe), v. t. To wash in a bath; to soften; to wash. *Ba'thing, p. prs. Bat'let, n. A square piece of wood used in beating linen. *Ba-ton (ba-tong'), ) n. A staff Ba-toon (ba-tOOn'), J or club; a marshal's staff; a badge of honor. *-BAT-TAi-LOUs(bat'ta N lus),a. War- like ; with military appearance. *Bat-tal-ia (bat-tale'ya), n. Tne order of battle. 55 BAY Fate, far, fan, fat- BEA -me, me't — pine, pin- -n6, m6ve, BEA *Bat-tal-ion (bat-tal'yun), n. A division of an army ; a body of forces : a troop. Bat-ten (bat'tn), v. t. To fatten, make fat : — v. i. 9 to grow fat ; to live luxuriously. [364-19.] Bat-ter (bat'tur), v. t. To beat down ; to dull ; to wear out : — «., a mixture of ingredients beaten together. Bat-ter-y (bat'turVe), n. The frame upon which cannons are mounted ; a violent assault. *Bat'ter n ies, n. pi. Bat-tle (bat'tl), n. A fight ; an encounter between opposite arm- ies : — v. i.f to contend in bat- tle; to dispute. *Bat'tling, p. prs. *Bat-tle-door (bat'tlMore), n. An instrument to strike a ball or shuttlecock. Bat-tle-ment (bat'trment), n. A wall with open places or embra- sures ; a breastwork. Bav'In, n. A stick ; a fagot. Baw-ble ) (baw'bl),n. A gewgaw; Bau-ble J a trifle. [353-4.] Bawd, n. A lewd person. Baw-di-ly (baw'del^), ad. Ob- scenely. Baw-di-ness (baw'd^n&s), n. Ob- sceneness; lewdness. Baw-dry (baw'dr&), n. Unchaste language; obscenity. Baw'dries, n. pi. Baw-dy (baw'd&), a. [bawdier — bawdiest.] Obscene, filthy, unchaste. Bawl, v. i. To hoot, cry out; to shout: — v.t, to proclaim as a crier. Bay (ba), a. Reddish : — n., an opening into the land ; the state of any thing surrounded by ene- mies ; a tree : — v. i. } to bark as a dog ; to shut in ; to surround. Bay-ou (bl'66), n. A narrow outlet of a lake or river. Bay-salt (ba'salt), n. Salt made of sea-water. 56 *Ba-yon-et (ba'yun^et), n. A short sword fixed at the end of a musket : — v. t. y to stab with the bayonet. *Ba-zaar (ba-zar'), n. An Eastern market-place. *Bdell-ium (del'yum), n. An aromatic gum. Be, v. i. [am — was — been.] To exist; to have some certain state, condition, or quality; to become ; to remain. ^t* Be in all of its moods and tenses may be used as an auxiliary. It is the basis of the passive voice. Beach (beetsh), n. The shore ; the strand: — i?.£.,to strand on a beach. Beach'es, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. *Bea-con (be'kn), n. Something raised on an eminence to give notice of danger ; a light-house. Bead (beed), n. A small perforated globe or ball worn about the neck for ornament; any globu- lar body ; a round moulding. *Bea-dle (be'dl), n. A messenger or petty officer belonging to a court, parish, or college ; a crier. Bea-gle (be'gl), n. A small hound. Beak (beek), n. The bill of a bird; a thing ending in a point. Beak-ed (beek'^d), a. Having a beak; pointed. *Beak-er (b&ek'ur), w. A drink- ing-cup. Beam (be&m), n. Any long and large piece of timber that sup- ports a building ; part of a bal- ance ; a ray of light ; a part of a loom : — v. i. f to emit rays ; to shine. [diant, emitting rays. Beam-y (b&em'e), a. Shining, ra- BEAN(be^n),n. A garden vegetable. Bear (bare), v. t. [bare — born.] To bring forth ; [bore — borne] to suffer; to undergo, endure; to carry ; to convey : — v. ?'., to suffer pain; to be patient; to press (ap.p. — up, upon, with) : — «., a rough, savage animal; a constellation ; a broker who de- presses the value of stocks. Bear-ing (bare'ing), n. The place of any thing with respect tosome- thing else ; gesture, behavior. Beard (beerd), n. The hair that grows on the lips and chin ; the awns upon grain ; a barb on an arrow : — v. t., to take or pluck by the beard; to oppose to the face; to defy. Beard-ed (beerd'ed), a. Having a beard ; having awns ; barbed. Beard-less (beerd'l£s), a. With- out a beard ; youthful. *Bear-er (bare'ur), n. A carrier ; a supporter. Beast (beest), n. An irrational animal; a brute; a brutal man. *Beast-li-ness (beest'leWs), m Brutality ; filthiness. Beast-ly (beest'le), a. Brutal; having the nature of beasts. Beat (beet), v. t. [beat — beaten or beat.] To strike; to bruise ; to conquer; to surpass; to tread a path : — v. i., to move in a pul- satory manner; to throb; to sail against the wind; to dash, as a storm ; to be in motion : — n., a stroke ; manner of striking ; pulsation. Beat-ing (beet'ing), n. Correc- tion by blows; act of sailing against the wind. BEAT'EN, p. prf. of BEAT. Beat-er (beet'ur),n. The one who, or the thing which, beats. BE-A-TiF-ic( x be-a-tifik),a.Blissful. *BE-A-TiF-i-cALLY(^b^-a-tIfe v kal- \h), ad. In a blissful manner. Be-at-i-fi-ca-tion (be^at-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. An act of the Pope, declaring a deceased person blessed in heaven. Be-at-i-fy (be. at'eYi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, beatifies.] To bless; to make happy in heaven. Be-at'i v fi-ed, p. prf. BEC BED n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611, — p6und — thin, THis. BEF *Be-at-i-tude (be-at'e x tude), n. Blessedness, felicity, happiness. *Beau (b6), n. A man of dress; a lady's attendant. f]? AU * j(b6ze),n.^. *Beaux J v " r Beau-ish (b6'lsh), a. Foppish, gay. Beau-I-de-al ('bo-1-de'al), n. An ideal model of perfection. * x Beaus-I-de'al, n. pi. *Beau-te-otts (bu'tshe x us), a. Fair, elegant in form, handsome. BEAU-TE-ous-LY(bu / tsh^us-le),ac?. In a beauteous manner. BEAU-TE-ous-?fEss(bu / tshe x us-n^s) n. The state of being beauteous. Beau-ti-ful (bu'te^ful), a. Fair, elegant. *BEAU-Ti-FrL-LY(bu'te'ful-le),ad In a beautiful manner ; elegantly. Beatj-ti-ful-ness (bu'te N ful-n^s), n. The quality of being beautiful. *Beau-ti-fy (bu'te v fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, beautifies.] To adorn, embellish ; to decorate. Beau'tiVied, p. prf. Beau-ty (bu/te), n. That assem- blage of graces which pleases the senses; a particular grace; a beautiful person. *Beau'ties, n. pi. Beatj-ty-Spot (bu/te^sp&t), n. A spot or patch placed to heighten beauty. Bea-ver (bee'vur), n. An animal valued for its fur; a hat made of the fur. Be-calm (be-kam'), v - *• To still ; to quiet ; to appease ; to keep a ship from motion ; to quiet the Be-came',ps£. £. of become, [mind. *Be-cause (be-kawz'), con. c. For this reason ; for; on this account. Be-chance (be-tshanse'), v. i. To befall ; to happen to. *Be-chan'cing, p. prs. Beck (bek), n. A sign with the head; a nod; a nod of com- mand : — v. t., to make a sign with the head. Beck-on (bek'kn), v. i. To make a sign to : — n., a beck, a nod.f Be-cloud (be-klMd'), v. t. To obscure; to darken. Be-come (be-kum')> v. t. [became — become.] To appear in a man- ner suitable to something; to suit; to befit: — v. i., to enter into some state or condition; to be made ; to be the fate or end of. *Be-com'ing, p. prs. : — a., grace ful, fit, suitable, proper. [321-19.] *BE-coM-iNG-LY(be-kum r ingHe)ac?. After a becoming manner; fitly, Be-com-ing-ness (be-kum'ing^n^s) n. Propriety; decency; fitness. Bed, n. Something to sleep on ; bank of earth raised in a garden ; the channel of a river; a layer or stratum : — v. t., to place in bed ; to plant or sow in a bed ; to lay in order, in strata. Bed'ding, p. prs. : — n., the mate- Bed'ded, p. prf. [rials of a bed. Be-daub (be-dawb'), v. t. To be- smear; to daub over. Bed-cham-ber (bM'tshameHmr), n. A room appropriated for a bed. *BEP-cLOTHEs(be : d / kl6THzeorbe : d'- kl6ze), n.pl. Coverlets,<£c. spread over a bed. Be-deck (be-de'k'), v. t. To or- nament, to adorn, to deck. Be-dew (be-du'), v. t. To moisten gently, as with fall of dew. Bed-fel-low (be i d'feT16), n. One that lies in the same bed. Be-dim', v. t. To obscure ; to cloud, darken ; to make dim. Be-dim'ming, p. prs. Be-dim'med, p. prf. Be-diz'en, v. t. To deck gaudily. BED-LAM(b£d'lum),n. A madhouse. BED-LAM-iTE(b^d / lum x ite)?j. A mad- man ; a lunatic ; a noisy person. Bed'p6st, n. The post at the cor- ner of the bedstead. Be-drag-gle (be-drag'gl), v. t. To soil the clothes with mud. *Be-drag'gling, p. prs. Be-drench (be-dre'nsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, BEDRENCHES.] To drench, soak. Bed-rid (bed'rld), ) Bed-rid-den (bed'ridMn), J a ' Confined to the bed by age or sickness. Be-drop (be-dr6p'), v. t. To mark or sprinkle with drops. *Be-drop'ping, p. prs. Be-drop'ped, p. prf. *Bed-stead (bed'stM), n. The frame supporting the bed. Bed'tIme, n. The hour of rest. Be-D"ust',v.£. To sprinkle with dust. Bee, n. The animal or insect that makes honey. Beech (beetsh), n. A forest-tree. Beech'es, n. pi. *Beech-en (bee'tshn), a. Made of beech; belonging to the beech. Beef, n. An ox, a bull, a cow; the flesh of an ox, &o. Beeves (beevz), n. pl. y which see. Beef-Eat-er (beefeet x ur), n. A yeoman of the king's guard ; one who eats beef. Bee'-Hive, n. The case or box in which bees are kept. Bee-Mas-ter (bee'mas'tur), w. One that keeps bees. Been (bin), p. prf. of be. [hops. Beer, n. Liquor made of malt and BEET,n. The name of a garden-root. Bee-tle (bee'tl), n. An insect ; a heavy mallet : — v. i., to jut out ; to project. Bee-tle -brow-ed (bee'trbrMd), Having prominent brows. Beet'ling, p. prs. Projecting ; hanging over. [61-13.] Beeves (beevz), n. pi. of beef Cattle; oxen. Be-FALI/, V. t. [BEFELL — BEFAL- LEN.] To happen to : — v. L, to happen ; to come to pass. Be-fal'ling, p. prs. Be-fIt', v. t. To suit ; to become. &Be-fit'ting, p. prs. Be-fit'ted, p. prf 57 BEG BEI Fate, fir, fill, fit — m&, met — pine, pin — no, move, BEL Be-f66l', v. t. To infatuate ; to make a fool of. Be-f6re', prp. Farther onward in place; in the front of; in the presence of; preceding in time ; in preference to : — ad., sooner than; previously to ; hitherto. Be-f6re'hand, ad. In a state of anticipation ; previously ; at first. *Be-f6re'time, ad. Formerly, before. BE-Fdtjri/, v.t. To make foul ; to soil. #Be-friend (be-frend'), v. t. To be kind to ; to favor ; to assist. Beg, v. i. To live upon alms :— v. t., to ask, seek by petition to entreat; to implore. Beg'ging, p. prs. *Beg'ged, p. prf. Be-gan', pst. t. of begin. Be-get', v. t. [begot or begat— begotten or begot.] To gene rate ; to produce. *Be-get'ting, p. prs, Be-gat', pst. t. of beget. *Be-get-ter (b^-get'tiir), n. One who begets or produces. Beg-gar (beg'giir), n. One who lives by begging : — v. t., to reduce to beggary, empoverish ; to ruin. *BEG-GAR-Li-NESS(beg'gur N le-nes) n. The state of being beggarly ; meanness ; poverty. Beg-gar-ly (beg'gur v le), a. Mean, poor, indigent ; stingy. *Beg-gar-y (beg'gur x re), n. In- digence, great want, poverty. Be-g!n', V. i. [BEGAN — BEGUN.] To enter upon something new ; to commence : — v. t., to do the first act of any thing; to enter upon ; to originate. *BE-GiN'NiNG,£>.prs. : — n., the first cause ; the first part or state. Be-gin-ner (be-gin'nur), n. One who begins. Be-gird (be-gSrd'), v. t. [begird- ED Or BEGIRT — BEGIRDED Or BE- GIRT.] To gird; to bind around; to surround ; to shut in. 58 Be-gone (be-g6n' or be-gawn'), in. Go away ! depart ! hence ! Be -got', pst. t. and p. prf. of beget. *Be-got'ten, p. prf. of beget. Be-grudge (be-grddje'), v. t. To envy the possession of. Be-grudg'ing, p. pi'8. *Be-guile (be-gile'), v. t. To mislead by artifice; to delude; to deceive; to amuse, (ap. p. — of.) [96-3.] [218-14.] *Be-guil'ing, p. prs. Be-GUN', p. prf. of BEGIN. *Be-half (be-haf or be-haf), n. Favor ; cause ; vindication, sup- port; account. Be-hAve', v. t. To carry; to con- duct : — v. %., to act ; to conduct one's self : — used with the recip- rocal compound personal pro- noun as the object ; as, the boy behaves himself. Be-ha'ving, p. prs. *Be-hav-ior (be-have'yur), Manner of conducting one's self; conduct, deportment. Be-head (be-hed'), v. t. To cut off the head ; to decapitate. Be-held', prs. t. and p. prf. of BEHOLD. Be-he-moth (be'he x m6^), n. The river-horse, hippopotamus. Be-hest', n. Command, direction. Be-h1nd', prp. At the back of an- other ; on the back ; inferior to : — ad., backward ; in the rear. s-Be-hind'hand, ad. In arrears; backward in place or action. Be-h6ld', v.t . [beheld — beheld.] To view, to see, to observe. Be-hold-en (be-h61'dn), a. Bound in gratitude ; obliged. [tator. Be-hold-er (be-h61d'ur), n. Spec- Be-h66f', n. Profit, advantage. Be-hoove (be-h66v'), v. i. To be fit for ; to be necessary to.f Be-hoov'ing, p. prs. Be-ing (bee'ing), n. Existence ; a person ; a living creature. Be-la-bor (be-la'bur), v. t. To beat, to thump; to ply vigorously. Be-la-ted (be-la'ted), a. Too late ; benighted. Be-lay (be-la'), v. t. [belayed or BELAID — BELAYED Or BELAID.] To block up ; to lie in wait for ; to fasten. BELCH(belsh),v.t.To eject wind from the stomach : — a., act of belching. Belch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Bel'dam, n. An old woman; a hag. *Be-lea-guer (be-le'gur), v. t. To besiege; to block up a place. Bel-fry (bel'fre), n. The place where bells are rung. *Bel'fries, n. pi. Be-lie (be-li/), v. t. To charge with falsehood ; to calumniate. *Be-ly'ing, p. prs. Be-lief (be-leeP ), n. Credit given to evidence ; act of believing ; persuasion, creed, opinion, faith. Be-liev-a-ble (be-leev'a N bl), a. Credible; that may be believed. Be-lieve (be-leev'), v. t. To credit evidence; to trust; to think true : — v. i., to have faith or belief ; to exercise faith in. (up. p. — in, on.) *Be-liev'ing, p. prs. BE-LiEV-iNG-LY(be-leev'lng' v ]e),a^. After a believing manner. Be-lIke', ad. Probably, perhaps. Bell, n. A hollow sounding ves- sel of cast metal. Bel-la-d6n'na, n. A poisonous plant ; the deadly nightshade. - ;: 'Belle (bel), n. A gay young lady. ' JC 'BEL-LES-LET-TRES(bIl-let / tUr),«. Polite literature, as rhetoric, &c.f Bell-found-er (beTfoiind'ur), n One who casts bells. *"Bel-lig-e-rent (bel-lij'eYent), a. Waging war : — w.,a nation at war. Bell-man (bel'man), n. A bell- ringer ; a public crier. Bell'men, n. pi. Bell-Met-al (beTmetftl), n. An alloy of copper and tin used for making bells. BEN BEN n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull— 6il — pMnd— thin, this. BER Bel-low (bel'16), v. i. To make a noise as a bull ; to vociferate ; to roar : — n., a loud outcry ; a roar. *Bel-lows (bel'lus), n.pl. An in- strument used to blow the fire. Bell-Weth-er (bel'weTH^ur), n. A 6heep which carries a bell, leading the flock. Bel-ly (bel'le), n. That part of the body which contains the bowels : — v. i., to hang out ; to bulge out. Bel'lies, n.pl. and prs. t. 3. *Bel'li-ed, p. prf. Be-l6ng', v. i. To be the property of ; to have relation to ; to per- tain to. (ap. p. — to.) **Be-lov-ed (be-luv'ed), a. Much loved, dear : — (be-luvd') p. prf., loved. Be-low (be-16')> prp. Under in place ; not so high ; inferior in dignity; unworthy of: — ad., in a lower place ; on earth. Belt, n. A girdle ; a sash ; a zone : — v. t, to gird with a belt. Be-mIre', v. t. To drag in the mire. Be-mi'ring, p. pr8. Be-moan (be-m6ne'), v. t. To la- ment, bewail. Be-moan-er (be-in6ne'ur), n. A lamenter. Bench (bensh), n. A seat; a seat of justice ; the body of judges. Bench/es, n. pi. [261-27.] Bench-er (bensh'ur), n. A senior in the society of the inns of court. Bend, v. t. [bent or bended — bent or bended.] To make crooked ; to incline ; to subdue : — v. %., to be crooked ; to yield : — n., a flexure, crook, curve, incurvation. Bend-a-ble (bendTbl), a. Pos- sible to be bent. BEND-ER(b£nd'ur)n.One who bends. Be-neath (b£-neeTH'or be-nee^'), prp. Under, lower in place ; lower in rank, excellence, or dignity: — ad., in a lower place, below. *Ben-e-dic-tion (^ben-e-dlk'shun ) n. A blessing; an invocation of blessings. [246.] BEN-E-FAc-TioN^ben-e-fak'shun), n. The act of conferring a bene fit; donation; gratuity. Ben-e-fac-tor pben-e-fak'tur), n, He that confers a benefit. [54-6.] *Ben-e-f ac-tress fbSn-e-fak'- tres), n. A female who confers a benefit. ^en-e-fac'tress-es, n. pi. *Ben-e-fice (beVe v fls), n. An ecclesiastical living. Ben-e-fi-ced (ben'e^fist), Having a benefice. *Be-nef-i-cence (b^-nefe^sense), n. Kindness; charity; active goodness. Be-nef-i-cent (be-nefe^sent), a. Kind, doing good, liberal, gen- erous. [187-18.] Ben-e-fi-cial (^ben-e-fish'al), a, Advantageous, profitable ; con- ferring benefits. [63-30.] [231-3.] Ben-e-fi-cial-ly ( v be , n-e-flsh'al- ^le),ac?.Advantageously,usefully. *Ben-e-fi-cia-ry ( x be 1 n-£-fish'ya v re), n. He that is in possession of a benefice ; a person benefited : — a., holding something in subor- dination to another. n Ben-e-fi'cia x ries, n.pl. Ben'eVit, n. A kindness; advan- tage, use, profit: — v. t., to do good to : — v. %., to gain advan- tage ; to profit. *Be-nev-o-lence (be-no 1 v^lense), n. Disposition to do good ; kind- ness ; the good done. [27-8.] Be-nev'6 v lent, a. Kind, having good will, humane. *Be-night (be-nlte'), v. t. To in- volve in darkness ; to overtake with night. *Be-nign (be-nlne'), a* Generous, kind, liberal,wholesome. [182-19] Be-nig'nant, a. Kind, gracious. [380-17.] Be-nig-ni-ty (be-nlg'ne v te), n. Graciousness, actual kindness; goodness of heart. [142.] *Be-nig'ni x ties, n. pi. Be-nign-ly (be-nine'le), ad. Fa- vorably, kindly, graciously. *Ben-i-son (ben'eVn), n. Blessing, benediction. Bent, pst. t. and p. prf. of bend : — n., the state of being bent; de- clivity ; tendency ; fixed purpose. *Be-numb (be-num')> v> t. To make torpid ; to stupefy. *Ben-z6!n', n. A medicinal kind of resin. Be-pinch (be-plnsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, bepinches.] To mark with pinches. *Be-queath (be-kweeTH r ), v. t. To leave by will; to devise. f *Be-quest (be-kwest')> n. Some- thing left by will ; a legacy. Be-rate', v. t. To scold or abuse. Be-ra'ting, p. pre. Be-reave (be-reev'), v. t. [bereft Or BEREAVED — BEREFT OT BE- REAVED.] To deprive of; to take away ; to make destitute. (ap. jo.— of.) [64-36.] Be-reav'ing,/). prs. Be-reave-ment (be-reev'ment), n. Act of bereaving; depriva- tion ; loss. Be-reft', pst. t. and p. prf. of be- reave. Ber'ga x m6t, n. A kind of pear; an essence or perfume. Be-rhyme (be-rlmeO, v. t. To celebrate in rhyme. ;j Be-rhy'ming, p. prs. Ber-lin', n. A kind of coach. Ber-ry (ber're), n. Any small fruit containing seeds. Ber'ries, n. pi. Ber-ri-ed (beVrid), a. Fur- nished with berries. Berth (berth), n. A ship's station ; a sleeping-place in a ship ; em- ployment; station. *Ber-yl (beVrll), n. A precious stone. 59 BES BET Fate, far, fill, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — no, mSve, BEV Be-seech (b£-se£tsh'), v, t. [be- sought—besought.] [pre. t. 3 beseeches.] To entreat, suppli- cate, beg, ask earnestly. [147-12.] Be-seem', v. i. To become, to be fit. Be-SET', V. t. [BESET BESET.] To besiege ; to hem in ; to perplex, waylay, harass ; to surround. *Be-set'ting, p. prs. [out of. BE-sh)E',£>rp. At the side of; near: Be-sides (be-sldez'), ad. More- over ; distinct from : — prp., over and above. Be-siege (be-s&eje'), v. t. To lay siege to, beset with armed forces ; *Be-sie'ging, p. prs. [to hem in. Be-sie-ger (be-see'jur), n. One who besieges. [daub ; to soil. Be-smear (b£-sm£erO, v. t. To *Be-smirch (be-sniertsh'), v. t. [prs.t. 3, besmirches.] To soil. Be-sm6ke', v. t. To dry with smoke. Be-smo'king, p. prs. Be -smut', v. t. To blacken with smoke or soot. *Be-smut'ting, p. prs. BE-SMUT'TED, p. prf. *Be-som (b&'zum), n. A broom made of twigs. Be-s6t', v. t. To infatuate; to stupefy ; to make foolish. "*Be-sot'ting, p. prs. Be-sot'ted, p. prf. *Be-sought (be-sawf), pst. t. and p. prf. of BESEECH. Be-span-gle (be-spang'gl), v. t. To adorn with spangles. Be-spang'ling, p. prs. Be-spat-ter (be-spat'tur), v. t. To spot or sprinkle with dirt or water. *Be-speak (b&-speek'), v. t. [be- spoke — bespoken.] To speak for any thing beforehand ; to be- token ; to speak to ; to forebode. Ce-speak-er (be-speek'ur), n. One that bespeaks any thing. Be-spice (be-spise'), v. t. To season with spices. *Be-spi'cing, p. prs. 60 Be-spit', v. t. To daub with spittle. Be-spit'ting, p. prs. Be-spoke', pst. t. of bespeak. Be-SPO'kEN, p. prf. of BESPEAK. Be-sp6t', v. t. To mark with spots, *Be-spot'ting, p. prs. Be-spot'ted, p. prf. Be-spread (be-spreW), v. t. [be- spread — bespread.] To spread over ; to cover. Be-sprink-le (b£-sprlngk'kl), v. t To sprinkle over. *Be-sprink'ling, p. prs. Best, a. [sup. of good.] Most good, perfect : — ad., in the high est degree of goodness. *Bes-tial (beVtshal), a. Belong- ing to a beast; brutal, filthy, carnal. Bes-ti-al-i-ty ( x bes-tshe-al'leHe) n. The quality of beasts; bru- tality ; a crime. ^Bes-ti-alVties, n. pi. Bes-tial-ize (bes'tshaPize), v. t. To make like a beast. Bes'tiaiA-zing, p. prs. Be-stick (be-stlk'), v. t. [bestuck bestuck.] To stick over with. Be-stir (be-stur'), v. t. To put into vigorous action ; to hasten. *"Be-stir'ring, p. prs. Be-stir'red, p. prf. Be-stow (b£-st6'), v. t. To give, confer upon ; to impart, (ap. p. — on, upon.) Be-stow-al (be-st&'al), n. Act of bestowing. Be-stow-er (b£-st6'ur), n. Giver, disposer. BE-STRIDf/, V. t. [BESTRODE — BE- STRIDDEN.] To stride over any thing ; to step over. Be-stri'ding, p. prs. Be-stuck', pst. t. and p. prf. of BESTICK. Be-stud (be-stud'), v. t. To adorn with studs. Bet, n. A wager: — v. t. [bet — bet], to wager ; to pledge as a Bet'ting, p.pr8. [wager. Bil-TAKE', V. t. [BETOOK — BE- TAKEN.] To have recourse to ; to apply ; to mo Be-ta'king, p. prs. BE-TA'KEN, p. prf. of BETAKE. Be-think (be-tf/rfngk'), v. i. [be- thought — bethought.] To re- call to mind. Be-t1de', v. t. To happen to, be- fall : — v. %., to come to pass. Be-ti'ding, p. prs. Be-time (be-time'),. \ ad. Season- Be-times (be-tlmz'), J ably; early, soon. Be-to-ken (be-t6'kn), v. t. To signify ; to foreshow by signs ; to denote. Be-TOOK', pst. t. Of BETAKE. Be-tray (be-tra'), v. t. To give into the hands of enemies ; to divulge a secret; to entrap. (ap. p. — to a person, into a thing.) [32-9.] [283-12.] Be-tray-al (be-tra'al), n. Act of betraying; breach of trust. *Be-tray-er (be-tra'ur), n. One who betrays; a traitor. [217-5.] Be-trim', v. t. To deck, to dress. *Be-trim'ming, p. prs. Be-trim'med, p. prf. *Be-troth (be-tr6fA'), v. t. To contract in order to marriage; to affiance, (ap. p. — to.) Bet-ter (bet'tur), a. [com. of good.] Having good qualities in a greater degree than an- other ; superior : — ad. [com. of well], well in a greater degree : — n., a superior: — v. t. t to im- prove ; to meliorate. *Bet-tor (bet'tur), n. One who lays bets or wagers. Bet-ty (bet'te), n. An instrument to break open doors. Bet / ties, n. pi. Be-tween', prp. In the interme- diate space ; belonging to two ; from one to another ; betwixt. ; -Bev-el (beVil), n. In masonry and joinery, a kind of square ; BIB n5r, n&t- BI0 -tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — *7?in, this. BIL any angle not a right angle : — a., sloping : — v.t.to form with a slant. *BEV-ER-AGE(b^v / ur r ije), n. Drink, liquor to be drunk. *Bev-y (bev've), n. A flock of birds ; a company ; a crowd. *Bev'ies, n. pi. Be-wail (be-wale') ? v. t. To be- moan, to express grief, to lament. Be-wAre', v. i. [defective.'] To regard with caution ; to take care. Be-wil-der (be-wll'dur), v. t. To lead into error ; to perplex ; to mislead; to puzzle. [68-4.] Be-witch (be-wltsb/), v. t. [prs. t. 3, bewitches.] To injure by witchcraft; to fascinate. Be-witch-er-y (be-wltsh/urVe), n. Fascination, charm. ^'Be-witch'er^ies, n.pl. *Be-wray (be-ra'), v. t. To betray, discover perfidiously. *Bey (ba), n. A Turkish governor. Be-y6nd', prp. Before ; at a dis- tance not reached; on the farther side of; out of the reach of; above : — ad., at a distance. Bi-as (bl'as), n. Weight lodged on one side of a bowl ; propensity ; inclination ; partiality [381-26] : — v. t., to incline to some side; to influence. Bi'as v es, ) 7 j + » Bl'ASS^E S ,j n -^ aild ^ S ^- 3 - Bi'as x ing, \ *Bi'ass'ing,J- p * prs. Bi'as-ed, ) - *B 1 'ASS-ED, \r-Ff- B!b, n. A small piece of cloth worn under the chins of infants. BiB-BER(blb'bur), n. A tippler, a sot. Bi-ble (bl'bl), n. The volume of the Holy Scriptures. Bib-li-cal (blb'le'kal), a. Rela- ting to the Bible. *Bib-li-og-ra-pher ( r b!b-l^-6g'- gra'fur), n. A transcriber ; one versed in the history of books. Bib-li-o-ma-ni-a ( x blb-le-6-ina'ne- x a), n. A rage for collecting books. *Bib-li-o-ma-ni-ac ( N blb-le-6-ma' ne x ak), n. One who has a rage for collecting books. *Bib-li-oth-e-cal ( x blb-l£-&<7//6- v kal), a. Belonging to a library *Bib-u-lous (bib'uMs), a. Apt to imbibe ; absorbing ; spongy. Bice (blse), n. A light-blue paint. Bick-er (bik'kur), v. i. To fight about trifles ; to skirmish ; to quiver. [misher. Bick-er-er (blk'kur^ur), n. A skir- *Bi-cor-nous (bi-k6r'nus),a. Hav- ing two horns. *Bi-cor-po-ral (bi-kdr'p6Val), a. Having two bodies. Bid, v. t. [bid or bade — bidden or bid.] To desire; to com- mand ; to order ; to offer, pro- pose ; to declare ; to invite. Bid'ding, p. prs. : — n., command, order, invitation. Bid-der (bid'dur), n. One who bids or offers a price. BIde, v. t. To endure ; to suffer ; to wait for: — v. i. [bode or bided — bode or bided], to dwell; to live ; to remain in a place. Bi'ding, p. prs. BI-den'tal, a. Having two teeth. *Bi-en-ni-al (bi-en'ne x al), a. Continuing two years. Bi-en-ni-al-ly (bl-en'n3-ari£), ad. Once in two years. *Bier (beer), n. A hand-carriage for conveying the dead to the grave. [152-22.] *Bies-tings (bees'tlngz), n. The first milk given by a cow. *Bif-e-rous (bifeVus), a. Bear- ing fruit twice a year. Bi-fid (bl'fld), a. Two-cleft ; hav- ing two parts. Bi-FOLD(bl'f61d),a.Twofold,double. *Bi-fur-ca-ted (bl-fur'ka x ted), a. Having two branches or forks. Bi-F[jR-CA-TiON( N bl-fur-ka , shun),ri. A forking into two branches. B!g, a. [bigger — biggest.] Great, large, swollen, fraught. B!g'a\m!st, n. One that has com- mitted bigamy. Big-a-my (blg'aW), n. The crime of having two wives or husbands at once. *Big'a^mies, n. pi. Big'gIn, n. A child's cap ; a small wooden vessel, BIg'ness, n. Greatness; bulk. Big-ot (blg'ut), n. A man unrea- sonably devoted to some party, creed, or opinion. *Big-ot-ed (blg'utfed), a. Blindly prepossessed in favor of some creed or opinion, (op. p. — to.) Big-ot-ry (big'utYe), n. Blind zeal; prejudice; perverse at- tachment to opinions. [105-1.] [281-25.] *Big'ot x ries, n.pl. *Bi-jou (b£-zh&&'), n. A jewel, a trinket. Bi-joux (be-zh6S'), n. pi. Bil-an-der (bll'anMur), n. A small merchant-vessel. Bil-ber-ry (bil'beVre), n. "Whor- *Bil'ber x ries, n.pl. [tleberry. B!l'b6, n. A rapier, a sword. *Bii/boes, n. pi. A sort of stocks for punishing offenders at sea. BIle, n. A yellow, bitter liquor secreted in the liver. *Bilge (bilje), v. i. To spring a leak : — n., the breadth of a ship's bottom ; the swell or curve in a Bil'ging, p. prs. [cask. *Bil-ia-ry (biryaVe), a. Be- longing to the bile. *Bil-ings-gate (blllngz^gate), n. Ribaldry, foul language. *Bi-lin-ghal (bi-llng'gwal), a. Having two tongues or languages. Bil-ious (bil'yus), a. Consisting of bile ; disordered in respect to the bile. B!lk, v. t. To cheat, defraud. Bill, n. The beak of a fowl ; a kind of hatchet; an exhibition of charges ; an account of mon- ey; draft of a law; an adver- 61 ! BIP BIS Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met— -pine, pin — n6, m&ve, BLA tisement: — v. %., to caress, as doves by joining bills; to kiss. Bil-let (bll'llt), n. A love-letter ; a note ; a small log of wood : — v. L, to place or quarter soldiers. *Bill-iards (bll'yurdz), n. pi. A game played with balls and cues upon a plane table. *Bil-lion (bil'yun), a. or n. By the French and American method of numeration, a number ex- pressed by a unit in the tenth place ; by the English method, a unit in the thirteenth place. Bil-low (bil'lo), n. A wave swol- len by the wind. *Bil-low-y (bilWe), a. Swelling like a wave ; turgid. B!n, n. A place in which bread, grain, or wine is placed. Bi-NA-RY(bl'na v re),a. Two; double. BIND, V. t. [BOUND — BOUND.] To confine with bonds ; to oblige or compel by oath or contract ; to gird; to inwrap; to fasten to any thing ; to make costive : — v. i., to contract; to grow hard or tight, (ap.p. — to, in, up,upon.) Bind'ing, p. prs. : — n., a bandage ; the cover of a book. Bind-er (bind'ur), n. A man who binds books or sheaves ; a fillet. Bind-er-y (blnd'urVe), n. A place where books are bound. Bin-na-cle (bin'a x kl), n. The com- pass-box of a ship. *Bi-noc-u-lar (bl-n6k'{rttir), a. Having, or adapted to, two eyes. Bi-no-mi-al (bi-n6'me x al), a. Con- sisting of two terms : — n., a quantity having two terms. Bi-og-ra-pher (bl-og'graYur), n. .A writer of biography. Bi-o-graph-i-cal ( x bl-6-graf e- v kal), a. Relating to biography .f Bi-og-ra-phy (bl-6g'ra x fe), n. A history of the life of any person. ♦Bi-og'raVhies, n. pi. *Bip-ar-tite (bip'ar'tlte), a. Hav- ing two correspondent parts. 62 Bi-ped (bi'ped), n. An animal with two feet. *Bi-qua-drate (bl-kwa'drlt), n. The fourth power arising from the multiplication of a square by itself. Birch (burtsh), n. A tree; a rod. *Birch-en (biir'tshn), a. Made of birch. Bird (burd), n. A general term for the feathered kind; a fowl. Bird's-Eye (burdz'i), a. Seen from above. Bird-lime (burd'llme), n. A glutin- ous substance used to catch birds. *Bird's-Nest (burdz'nest), n. The place where a bird lays her eggs. Birth (b&rth), n. The act of coming into life ; extraction ; rank by descent. Birth-day (b^r^'da), n. The day on which any one is born ; the anniversary of one's birth. Birth-night (beV^'nlte), n. The night in which any one is born. Birth-place (ber^'plase), n. The place where any one is born. Birth-right (ber^'rite), n. The right derived from birth; the right of the first-born. *Bis-cuit (bis'klt), n. A kind of hard dry bread, made to be car- ried to sea. Bi-sect (bl-sgkt'), v. t. To divide into two parts. Bi-sec-tion (bi-sek'shun), n. The division of any quantity into two equal parts. Bish'op (bish'up), n. One of the head order of the clergy who has charge of a diocese. [261.] Bish-op-ric (bisb/upVik), n. The diocese of a bishop. *Bis-muth (blz'muth), n. A hard, white, brittle metallic substance. *Bis-sex-tile (bis-seks'til), n. Leap-year: — see style. Bi-soN(bl'sn), n. A kind of wild ox. Bis-T0UR-Y(b!s / tur x re),7t. A surgical I instrument for making incisions *Bis'tour v ies, n. pi. Bis-ter ) (bls'tur), n. A paint *Bis-tre J of a deep brown color. BIt, n. The iron of a bridle ; a small piece of any thing ; a coin ; a tool for boring : — v. t. y to put the bridle upon a horse ; to check : — pst. t. of bite. Bit'ting, p. prs. Bit'ted, p. prf BlTE, V. t. [BIT — BITTEN Or BIT.] To crush or pierce with the teeth ; to cheat, to trick ; to reproach : — n. y the seizure of any thing by the teeth ; a trick ; a morsel. Bitting, p. prs. Bit-ten, p. prf. [a deceiver. Bi-ter (bl'tur), n. One that bites ; Bit-ter (blt'tur), a. Having a hot, acrid, biting taste ; sharp, cruel, severe ; calamitous. *Bit-ter-ly (bit'tur x le), ad. With a bitter taste ; sharply ; sorrow- fully. Bit-ter-ness (b!t'tur v ngs), n. A bitter taste ; malice ; keenness of reproach ; sorrow, affliction. *Bi-tu-men (be-tu'me'n), n. An inflammable mineral substance ; mineral pitch. *Bi-tu-mi-nous (be-tu'me^nus), a. Composed of bitumen. [54-29.] Bi-valve (bl'valv), a. Having two valves : — n., a shell-fish hav- ing two valves, as the oyster. *Biv-ouac (blv'wak), n. Guard or watch of an army in the open air : — v. i. f to watch or guard. *Bi-zarre (be-zar'), a. Odd, fan- tastic, extravagant. Blab, n. A telltale : — v. t., to tell a secret, to divulge: — v. i., to tattle ; to tell tales. Blab'bing, p. prs. Blab'bed, p. prf *Blab-ber (blab'bur), n. A tattler. Black (blak), a. Dark, cloudy ; dismal ; sullen : — n., mourn inir ; a color; a negro : — v. t., to make black, blacken. BLA nor, n&t BLA -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pdiind — thin, THis. BLE Black-a-moor (blak'a x m&6r), n. A negro. Black-Art (blak'art)^ ». Magic. Black-ball (blak'ball), n. A composition for blacking shoes : — v. t., to reject by black ballots. BLACK-BER-RY(blak'berVe),n. The fruit of the bramble ; a shrub. *Black'ber v ries, n. pi. Black-bird (blak'burd), n. The name of a bird. Black-Board (blak'bord), n. A colored board used in schools for illustrating by diagrams, &c. Black-en (blak'kn), v. t. To make black, to darken, defame : — v. t., to grow black. *Black-guard (blag'gardorblag'- gyard), ». A vulgar, base fellow : — a., scurrilous, abusive: — v. t., to abuse with vile language. Black-ish (blak'kish), a. Some- what black. *Black-Lead (blak-led'), n. A mineral used for pencils ; plum- bago. Black-Letter (blak'letHur), n. The old English or modern Gothic letter. BLACK-MAiL(blak'male),n. Money extorted from persons under pre- tence of protection or exemption. Black-ness (blak'nes), a. Black color; darkness. Black-smith (blak'smi^), n, A smith that works in iron. Blad-der (blad'dur), n. A thin, membranous vessel ; a viscus ; a blister ; a pustule. Blade, n. The spire of grass ; a green shoot of corn ; the sharp part of a weapon; the flat part of an oar ; a gay fellow. Bla'ded, a. Having blades or spires. [blister. *Blain (blane), n. A pustule, a Blame, v. t. To charge with a fault; to censure: — n., imputa- tion of a fault ; crime, reproach, fault, (ap. p. — for.) Bla'ming, p. prs. *Blam-a-ble (blame'a x bl), a. Cul- pable, faulty, deserving censure. BLAM-A-BLE-NESs(blame'a x bl-nes), n. State of being blamable, fault. *Blam-a-bly (blame'a v ble), ad. Culpably, censurably. BLAME'FtJL, a. Criminal, culpable. Blame'less, a. Guiltless,innocent. :;: 'BLAME-LESS-LY(blame / les x le),ac?. Innocently, without blame. Bla-mer (bla'mur), n. A censurer. ;;: "BLAME-woR-THY(blame r wur N THe) a. Culpable, blamable. ;; -Blanc-Mange ) (bla-manj'), n. Blanc-Manger J A dish made of sago, isinglass, cinnamon, sugar, Iceland-moss, i B5uND'iN, a. Necessary; indis- pensable ; obliged. B3und'less, a. Unlimited, un- confined, without bounds. 6r BOW BRA Fate, far, fill, fat— me, met— pine, pln- -no, move, BRA Boun-te-ous (bdun'tshe x us), a Liberal,kind,generous,bountiful *Boun-te-ous-ly (bdun'tshe v us- le), ad. Liberally, generously. Boun-te-ous-ness (bdun'tshe^iis- nes), n. Munificence, liberality. Boun-ti-ful (bdiin'te^ful), a. Lib- eral, free to give ; kind, generous. *Boun-ti-ful-ly (bdun'teYiil-le), ad. Liberally, generously. Boun-ti-ful-ness (bflun'teYtlL n§s), n. Generosity. Boun-ty (b5un'te), n. Grenerosity, liberality, kindness ; a premium. ^Boun'ties, n. pi. *Bourn (b6rne), n. A boundary, a limit. *Bourse (b65rse), n. A French exchange where merchants meet. See burse. Bouse (b66ze), v. i. To drink freely or sottishly. Bou'sing, p. prs. *Bou-sy (b66'ze), a. [bousier — botjsiest.] Drunken, boosy. B6ut, n. A turn ; as much of a process as is performed at one time ; a trial, an attempt. *Bow (bM), v. t. To bend ; to de- press ; to crush : — v. %., to bend ; to make a bow : — n., an act of re verence,submission, or civility; the forward part of a ship's hull. #Bow (b6), n. An instrument for shooting arrows ; the instrument with which string-instruments are played upon; any thing curved. Bow-bent (b6'bent), a. Crooked. Bow-els (b6u'elz), n. pi. Intes- tines, entrails; the inner part of any thing ; tenderness, pity. Bow-er (bou'ur), n. Ak arbor, a shady recess ; an anchor. *Bow-er-y (b6ii'ur x re), a. Full of bowers ; shady, [large knife. *Bow-ie-Knife (b6'e x nlfe), n. A Bow'ie- v Knives, n. pi. Bowl (b61e), n. A vessel to hold liquids ; the hollow part of any thing; a basin; a wooden ball used in playing : — v. t., to play at bowls ; to roll as a bowl. Bowl-er (b61e'ur), n. One that plays at bowls or ten-pins. Bowl-der (b6le'diir), n. A round mass of stone. *BowL-iNG-GREEN(b61elng N green) n. Ground kept smooth for bowlers. Bow-man (b6'man), n. An archer. Bow'men, n. pi. *Bow-sprit (b6'sprit), n. A spar running from the bow of a ship. Bow-string (b6'string), n. The string by which the bow is bent a Turkish instrument of stran- gulation. *Bow-yer (b6'yur), n. An archer; one who makes bows. Box (b6ks), n. A tree; a case made of wood ; a seat in a theatre ; a seat; a blow; a hard wood:- v. t., to enclose in a box : — v. i to fight with the fist. Box'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Box-en (b6k'sn), a. Made of box. Box-er (b6ks'ur), n. One who fights with the fist; a pugilist. Boy (boe), n. A male child, a lad, Boy-hood (b6e'hu.d), n. The state of a boy. Boy-ish (bSe'ish), a. Belonging to a boy ; childish, trifling. Boy-ish-ly (b6e'ish x le0, ad. Child- ishly, triflingly, idly. *Boy-ish-ness (bfle'ish^nes), n. Childishness. Brace (brase), n. Cincture, band- age ; a piece of timber to hold any thing in place ; a pair; the line (, — • — s) used to connect words or phrases : — v. L, to bind, tie close ; to support. *Bra'cing, p. prs. *Brace-let (brase'let), n. An or- nament for the arms or wrist. Bra-cer (bra'sur), n. A bandage. Brach-ial (brak'yal), a. Be- longing to the arm. *Bra-chyg-ra-phy (bra-ldg'gra- x fe), n. The art of writing in short hand. Brack (brak), n. A breach, a crack. *Brack-et (brak'kit), n. A piece of wood fixed for a support. Bracelets, n. pi. The crotchets or hooks [ ] used to enclose words or phrases. Brack-ish (brak'kish), a. Saltish. *Brack-ish-ness (brak'kish^nes), n. Saltness in a small degree. Brad, n. A thin headless nail. Brag, v. i. To boast; to vaunt (ap. p. — of) : — n.j a boast ; a game at cards. *Brag'ging, p. prs. Brag'ged, p. prf. Brag-ga-do-ci-o (^brag-ga-do' she N 6), n. A boasting fellow* - V BRAG-GA-DO r CI X OS, n. pi. *Brag'gart, a. Boastful : — w., a boaster. Brag-ger (brag'gur), n. A vain person ; a boaster. Braid (brade), v. t. To weave to- gether; to plait: — n., a texture, a knot;a trimming for bonnets, &c. Brain (brane), n. The soft ner- vous mass enclosed within the skull; the intellect; the under- standing : — v. t., to kill by dash- ing out the brains. *Brain-ish (brane'ish), a. Hot- headed, furious. Brain-less (brane'les), a. Silly, thoughtless. Brain-pan (brane'pan), n. The skull containing the brains. Brain-sick (brane'sik), a. Giddy, diseased intellectually. ;j Brake, n. Fern, brambles; an instrument for dressing hemp or flax ; a kneading-trough ; the handle of a pump ; a contriv- ance to stop the motion of a car or wagon. Brake'man, n. One who manages the brake on a railroad-car. Brake'men, n. pi. *BRA-KY(bra'ke),a. Thorny,rough. BRA BRE n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. BRE Bram-ble (bram'bl), n. A rough thorny bush. Bran, n. The husks of wheat, rye, &c. separated from the flour by bolting. *Branch (bransh), n. A limb of a tree; a shoot of a plant; di- vision of any kind; a smaller river running into a larger; off- spring : — v. i., to fork ; to spread in branches : — v. L, to divide as into branches. Branch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Branch-less (bransh'les), a. With- out shoots or boughs ; naked. Branch-let (bransh'le't), n. A little branch. [of branches. *Branch-y (bransh'e), a. Full Brand, n. A piece of wood burning or partly burnt; an iron for branding; a mark made by burning with a hot iron ; a stig- ma ; quality : — v. t., to mark with a hot iron ; to stigmatize. BRAN'DISH, V. t. [prs. t. 3, BRAN- DISHES.] To wave or shake ; to flourish. [73-22.] Bran-dy (bran'de), n. A strong liquor distilled from wine, cider, *Bran'dies, n. pi. [or fruit. Bran-gle (brang'gl), n. Squabble, wrangle : — v. i., to wrangle ; to squabble ; to dispute. *Bran'gling, p. prs. Brant, n. A species of wild goose. *Bran-ny (brari'ne), a. Having the appearance of bran. *Bra-sier (bra'zhur), n. One that works in brass ; a pan to hold coals. Brass, n. A yellow metal com- posed of copper and zinc; im- pudence. *BRAS-si-NESS(bras'se x ne , s),n. An appearance like brass. Bras-sy (bras'se), a. [brassier — ^brassiest.] Made of brass ; like brass ; impudent. Brat, n. A child, so called in contempt. Bra-va'd6, n. A boast; a boast- ful menace. *Bra-va'does, n. pi. Brave, a. Courageous, daring, bold; dauntless; gallant: — n. ; a hector ; an Indian warrior : — v. t., to defy ; to challenge ; to encounter with firmness. Bra'ving, p. prs. Brave-ly (brave'le), ad. Coura- geously, gallantly ; generously. *Bra-ver-y (bra'vurVe), n. Mag- nanimity ; courage ; heroism ; intrepidity. Bra'ver x ies, n. pi. BrJ/vo, n. One who murders for hire ; an assassin : — in., well done! -S-Bra'voes, n. pi. Brawl, v. i. To quarrel noisily; to speak loudly : — n., quarrel ; a noisy contention ; uproar. BRAWL-ER(brawl'ur),n.Awrangler. Brawn, n. The muscular part of the body ; the arm ; a boar's flesh. *Brawn-i-ness (brawn'e N nes), n. Strength ; hardness. *Brawn-y (brawn'e), a. Fleshy; muscular ; hard. [115-23.] Bray (bra), v. t. To pound or grind small: — v. %., to make a noise like an ass : — »., the noise of an ass ; a harsh cry. BRAY-ER(bra/ur),rc. One that brays ; an instrument to temper ink. Braze, v. t. To solder with brass. *Bra'zing, p. prs. Bra-zen (bra'zn), a. Made of brass ; impudent : — v. i., to be impudent. Bra-zen-face (bra'zn^ase), n. An impudent person. Bra-zen-fa-ced (bra'znYaste), a. Impudent, shameless, bold. *BRA-ZEN-NESs(bra'zn x n§s), n. Ap- pearance like brass; impudence. Breach (breetsh), n. The act of breaking; infraction; an open ing; difference; quarrel; mis understanding. [299-28.] *Breach'es, n. pi. Bread (br^d), n. Food made of ground corn or flour; food in general; maintenance. Bread-Stuff (bred'stuf ), n. That of which bread is made. ^Breadth (bred^), n. The mea- sure from side to side ; width. Break (brake), v. t. [broke — broken.] To burst, to part, or open by force ; to destroy by violence; to overcome ; to tame ; to infringe, as a law ; to make bankrupt: — v. %., to part in two ; to open as the morning; to burst forth; to become bankrupt; to decline in health and strength : — n., state of being broken ; an opening ; a pause,an interruption. Break-er (brake'ur), n. He that breaks ; a wave broken by rocks. *Break-fast (brek'fast), v. i. To eat breakfast : — n. y the first meal in the day. Break-Wa-ter (brake'wa/tur), n. A mole or wall to break the force of waves. Breast (brest), n. A part of the body below the neck ; bosom ; the heart; the conscience : — v. t., to meet in front. Breast-bone (br£st'b6ne), n. The bone of the breast. *Breast-high (brest'hi), a. Up to the breast. *Breast-knot (brest'not), n. A knot of ribands worn on the breast. Breast-pin (bre'st'pin), n. An or- namental pin for the breast. Breast-plate (brest'plate), n. Armor for the breast. *Br E ast-plough ) brfat , m) Breast-plow J v A plough driven by the breast. Breast-work (brest'wurk), n. A work thrown up for defense. ^Breath (hr&th), n. The air res- pired ; life ; respiration ; breeze ; respite; an instant. ^Breathe (breeTH), v. i. To draw in and expel air by the lungs; 69 BRE BRI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m6t — pine, pin — no, m6ve, BRI to live ; to rest ; to take breath : — v. t., to utter privately. Breath'ing, p. prs. : — n., aspira- tion ; vent ; accent. Breath-less (breWles), a. Out of breath ; spent with labor ; dead. Bred, pst. t. and p. prf. of breed. Breech (breetsh), n. The lower part of the body; the hinder part of a gun : — v. t., to put into breeches ; to fit with a breech, Breech'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Breech-es (britsh'iz), n. pi. The garment worn by men over the lower part of the body. Breed, v. t. [bred — bred.] To generate; to produce; to con- trive, hatch ; to educate ; to bring up : — n., a cast, a kind ; progeny, offspring ; a race of animals ; a number produced at once. Breed'ing, n. Education, instruc- tion ; manners. Breeze,?2.A gentle gale,a soft wind. Breez'es, n. pi. *Bree-zy (bree'ze), a. Fanned with gales. *Breth-ren (breTH'ren), n. pi. of brother (of the same society). Bre-vet', n. A commission con- ferring a rank without its pay. *Brev-ia-ry (breev'yaVe), n. An abridgment, an epitome. -Brev'lOries, n. pi. Brev-iate (breev'yit), n. A short compendium. Brev-i-ty (brev'e v te), n. Concise- ness; shortness. [352-8.] Brevities, n. pi. Brew (br&6), v. t. To make liquors ; to contrive ; to plot : — v. i., to perform the office of a brewer: — n., that which is brewed. Brew-ing, p. prs. : — n., quantity of liquor brewed at once. *Brew-age (brc-6'lje), n. Mix- ture ; drink brewed. Brew-er (brod'ur), n. One who brews. 70 Brew-er-y (br&6'ur x e), j Brew-house (br66'h6us), j n A house or place for brewing. *Brew'er v ies, ) , *Brew'hous n es, j n ' P ' BrIbe, n. A reward given to in fluence the judgment: — v. t. t to give bribes ; to gain by bribes, Bri'bing, p. prs. Bri-ber (bri'bur), n. One who gives bribes. Bri-ber-y (bri'burVe), n. The crime of giving or taking bribes. [100-24.] *Bri'ber x ies, n. pi. Brick (brik), n. A mass of burnt clay moulded in a certain form : — v. t. } to lay with bricks : — a., made or built of brick. Brick-bat (brik'bat), n. A piece of brick. Brick-dust (brik'diist), n. Dust made by pounding bricks. ^•Brick-Kiln (brik'kil), n. A place to burn bricks in. Brick-lay-er (brik'la N ur), n. One who lays bricks. Brick-ma-ker (brlk'ma^kur), n. One who makes bricks. BrI'dal, a. Belonging to a wed- ding; nuptial. BrIde, n. A newly-married wo- man, or one about to be married. Bride-cake (brlde'kake), n. A cake distributed at a wedding. BRiDE'GRddM, n. A man newly married, or about to be married. Bride-maid (bride'made), n. A woman who attends on a bride. Bride-man (bride'man), n. A man who attends on a bridegroom. Bride'men, n. pi. BrIde'well, n. A house of cor- rection. Bridge (bridje), n. A building raised over water for the conve- nience of passage; the upper part of the nose; supporter of a violin's strings : — v. t., to form a bridge over. *Bridg'ing, p. prs. Bri-dle (bri'dl), n. An instru- ment to restrain or govern a horse ; a restraint, a check [374-19] :— v. t., to guide by a bridle ; to restrain, govern : — v. i. y to hold up the head. [379.] *Bri'dling, p. prs. Brief (breef), a. Short, concise; confined within narrow limits : — n. f a short extract ; writing given to pleaders, containing the case. *Brief-ly (breef'le), ad. Shortly, concisely, in few words. Brief-ness (breef'nes), n. Con- ciseness, shortness, brevity. Bri-er (bri'iir), n. A plant; the bramble. *Bri-er-y (bri'urVe), a. Rough ; full of briers : — n. } a place where briers grow. BrIg, n. A two-masted vessel, square-rigged. Bri-gade (bre-gade'), n. A body of men ; a division of forces. *Brig-a-dier-GtEN-er-al ( x brlg- a-deer'jen'eVal), n. An officer who commands a brigade. BrIg'and, n. A robber, a bandit. Br!g'an v d1ne, n. A coat of mail. Brig'an x t1ne, n. A light vessel. Bright (brite), a. Shining; full of light; clear, evident; acute; full of promise. Bright'en (bri'tn), v. t. To make bright; to polish : — v. i. t to grow bright; to clear up. Bright-ly (brite'le), ad. With lustre; splendidly; in a bright manner. Bright-ness (brite'nSs), n. Lus- tre ; splendor ; acuteness. *Brill-ian-cy (bril'yan v se), n. Lustre, dazzling brightness ; splendor. Brill'ian'cies, n. pi. Brill-iant (bril'yant), a. Shin- ing, splendid, sparkling : — n., a diamond of the finest cut. BRI BRO nSr, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thin, THis. BRO *Brill-iant-ness (brll'yant x n$s), n. Splendor, lustre. BrIm, n. The edge or rim of any thing; the bank of a river or fountain : — v. t., to fill to the top : — v. i. f to be full to the brim. Brim'ming, p. prs. Brim'med, p. prf. ♦BldM'FUL, a. Full to the brim. Brim-mer (brirn'mur), n. A bowl full to the top. Br!m'st6ne, n. Sulphur. BrIn'ded, a. Streaked. Brin-dle (brln'dl), n. A streaked color. *Brin'dled (brln'dld), a. Brin- ded, streaked, spotted. BrIne, n. Water impregnated with salt; the sea; tears. [264.] BRiNG, V. t. [BROUGHT — BROUGHT.] To fetch ; to cause to come ; to attract; to conduct; to induce, prevail upon ; to reduce to any state. Bring-er (brlng'ur), n. One who brings. ^Bri'nIsh, a. Saltish. Br1'n1sh x ness, n. Saltness. Brink (brlngk), n. The edge of any place; verge, border; precipice. *BRi-NY(brl'ne),a. Salt. [151-31.] Br!sk, a. Lively, gay, vivid, full of spirit, bright. [289-16.] *Brisk-et (brlsk'lt), n. The breast of an animal. Brisk-ly (brisk'le), ad. Actively, vigorously. BrIsk'ness, n. Liveliness, vigor, activity, gayety. Bris-tle (brls'sl), n. The stiff hair of swine: — v. t., to erect in bristles : — v. i., to stand erect as bristles. *Bris'tling, p. prs. Bris-tly (brls'le), a. Thick-set with bristles ; rough. Brit-tle (brlt'tl), a. Fragile, apt to break, easily broken. *Brit-tle-ness (brlt'tPnSs), n Aptness to break. *Broach (br6tsh), n. A spit: — v. t., to spit, pierce ; to tap ; to give out, utter any thing ; to in- troduce. Broach'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Broach'er (br6tsh'dr), n> One who broaches or first publishes any thing ; a spit. Broad (brawd), a. Extended from side to side ; wide ; open ; ful- some ; coarse ; not delicate. Broad-Cast (brawd'kast), ad. Scattered over the ground by hand *Bro ad-cloth (brawd'k!6^), n. A kind of fine cloth. Broad-en (braw'dn), v. i. "To grow broad : — v.t.,to make broad. Broad-ly (brawd'le), ad. In a broad manner; explicitly. Broad-ness (brawd'ne's), n. Ex- tent from side to side; breadth; coarseness, grossness. Broad-Seal (brawd'seel), n. The great seal of a state. Broad-side (brawd'slde), n. The side of a ship ; discharge of all ihe guns on one side of a ship at once. *Broad-sword (brawd's6rd), n. A cutting sword with a broad blade. Bro-cade (br6-kade')> n. A silken stuff variegated or enriched with flowers. *Bro-ca-ded (br6-ka'de*d), a. Dressed in brocade; woven as brocade. Bro-cage (bro'kije), «. Brokerage. *Broc-co-li (br6k r 6 x le), n. A species of cabbage. Brock (br6k), n. A badger. Brock-et (br6k'klt), n. A red deer, two years old. Br6'gans, n.pl. Stout, coarse shoes. ^Brogue (br6g), n. A kind of shoe; a corrupt dialect; pecu- liar accent. Broi-der (br6e'dur), v. t. To em- broider. *Broi-der-y (brfle'durVe), n. Embroidery, flower-work. Broi'der^ies, n. pi. Br6il, n. A tumult, a quarrel, a brawl ; a feud : — v. t., to dress or cook by laying on the coals : — v. i., to be in the heat. Broke, pst. t. of break. Bro'kEN, p. prf. Of BREAK. Bro-ken-Heart-ed (br6 , kn-hart / - M),a. Having the spirits crushed. Bro-ker (brd'kur), n. A factor ; one who does business for another; a dealer in money, stocks, &c. Bro-ker-age (br6'kurlje),n. The pay or business of a broker. Bro-mine (br6'min), n. A non- metallic chemical element. *Bron-chi-al (br6n'ke N al), a. Be- longing to the throat. "^Bronze (br&nz or br6nz), n. A metal composed of copper and tin ; the color of bronze : — a., of the color of bronze: — v. t. } to harden or color like bronze. Bron'zing, p. prs. Brooch (brS&tsh), n. A jewel. *Brooch'es, n. pi. Br66d, v. i. To sit on eggs ; to cover under the wing, as a fowl ; to muse ; to consider any thing anxiously: — n., offspring, prog- eny; the number hatched at once; production. Br66k, n. A running water; a rivulet: — v. t., to bear, endure, suffer. [378-17.] Br66k'let, n. A small brook. Br66m, n. A shrub ; a besom ; an instrument to sweep with. BR00M-Y(br66m'e),o. Full of broom. Broth (br6^ or hrkwth), n. Liquor in which flesh has been boiled. Broth-er (br&TH'ur), n. [pls. f brothers (of the same parents) or brethren [of the same so- ciety).'] A male born of the same parents ; one of the same race, society, or profession ; an asso- ciate. *Broth-er-hood (bruTH'ur x hud), n. The state of being a brother ; 71 BRIT BUC Fate, far, f3,U, fat— me, mSt— pine, pin— r»6, m&ve, BUI a fraternity; a class of men of the same profession. [133.] Broth-er-ly (bruTH r ur r le), a. Af- fectionate ; like a brother. ^Brought (brawt), pst. t, and p. prf. of BRING. Brow (brdu), n. The arch of hair over the eye ; the forehead ; the edge of any high place. Brow-beat (br6u'beet), v.t. [brow- beat — BROWBEATEN Or BROW- BEAT.] To intimidate with stem looks or with arrogant speech. Brown (br5un), n. The name of a color : — a., of a dark color : — v. t., to make brown. *Brown-ness (brfliin'ne's), n. A brown color. *BR0WN-STUD-Y(br5u\n-stM r de)n. Reverie; deep thoughtfulness. ^Browse (brduze), v. t. To eat branches or shrubs : — n., tender branches or shrubs. ^Brows'ing, p. pr8. Bru-in (brMn), n. A cant name for a bear. Bruise (br66z), v. t. To crush or mangle with a heavy blow : — n., a hurt from a blow; a contusion. Bruis-er (br66z'er), n. A boxer. *Bruis'ing, p. prs. Bruit (brS&t or brSS'it), n. Ru- mor, noise, report : — v. t., to noise abroad. Bru-mal (br66'mal), a. Belong- ing to the winter. *Bru-nette (brd&-net'), n. A wo- man with a brown complexion. Brunt, n. The violence of an on- set ; a shock ; a blow. Brush, n. An instrument for sweeping; an assault; brush wood : — v. t., to rub with a brush ; to touch lightly : — v. L, to move with haste; to skim over. Brush'es, n. pi. find prs. t. 3. BRUSH-wooD(brush'wi\d),ra. Rough shrubby thickets ; small bushes. * Brush- y (brush'e), a. Rough or shaggy, like a brush. 72 Brus-tle (briis'sl), v. i. To rus- tle; to crackle. *Brus-tling, p. prs. Bru-tal (br6&'tal), a. Savage, cruel ; like a brute ; inhuman. Bru-tal-i-ty (br66-tal'le v te), n. Savageness,inhumanity. [252-21] --Bru-tai/i^ties, n. pi. *Bru-tal-ly (brSd'taTle), ad. In- humanly; cruelly; churlishly. Brute (br65t), a. Senseless; fe- rocious ; savage ; rough : — n., a creature without reason ; an un- feeling person. Bru-ti-fy (brS&'te r fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, brutifies.] To make like a brute. *Bru'tiVi-ed, p. prf. Bru-tish (br&6'tish), a. Bestial; savage,ferocious; ignorant; gross. Bru-tish-ly (br66'tlsh x le), ad. In the manner of a brute ; rudely. Bru-tish-ness (brod'tlsh^ne's), n. Brutality, savageness. Bub-ble (bub'bl), n. A smnll bladder of water; any thing which wants solidity ; a cheat : — v. %., to rise in bubbles : — v. t., to cheat. !c Bub'bling, p. prs. Buc-ca-neer ) ( v biik-a-neeV), n. A Buc-a-nier J pirate. Buck (buk), n. The liquor in which clothes are washed ; the male of the fallow deer, rabbits, &c. ; a dashing fellow : — v. t. f to soak in lye. Bugk-bask-et (buk'bask x lt), n. The basket in which clothes are carried to the wash. Buck-et (buk'kit), n. A vessel for carrying or drawing water. Buck-ish (buk'lsh), a. Foppish. Buck-le (buk'kl), n. An instru- ment for fastening a strap or dress : — v. t. f to fasten with a buckle; to confine: — v. i., to bend ; to bow. *"Buck/ling, p. prs. Buck-ler (buk'lur), n. A shield. *Buck-ram (biik'rum), n. A coarse cloth stifTened with gum or glue. Buck-skin (buk'skin), n. Leather made of deer-skin. *Bu-col-ic (bu-k&l'ik), n. A pas- toral poem : — a., pastoral. Bud, n. The first shoot of a plant, a germ : — v. i., to put forth young shoots or germs [239-15] : — v. t. y to inoculate. Bud'ding, p. prs. *Bud'ded, p. prf. BuDGE(budje),v.<. To stir; to move. Budg'ing, p. prs. *Budg-et (budj'et), n. A bundle, a stock : in England, a state- ment of the finances. Buff, n. Leather prepared from the skin of a buffalo; a light yellow color. Buf'fa n l6, n. A kind of wild ox. *BUF r FA N LOES, n. pi. Buf-fet (buf'fit), n. A blow with the fist ; a slap : — v. t., to box ; to beat: — v. i., to play a boxing- match, f Buf-fet (buf-fet' or buf fit), n. A kind of cupboard. Buf'f6, n. A comic actor in an opera. Buf'foes, n. pi. Buf-f66n', n. One who makes sport by droll actions ; a low jester. *Buf-foon-er-y (buf-fodn'urYe), n. Low jests; drollery. Buf-foon'er n ies, n. pi. Bug, n. Ah insect. Bug-bear (bug'bare), n. A fright- ful object ; a false terror. Bug-gy (biig'ge), a. Abounding with bugs : — n., a light vehicle. Bu-gle (bu'gl), n. A bead of glass ; a plant ; a sort of wild ox. Bu-gle (bu'gl), \ Bu-gle-horn (bu'grh5rn), J n ' A hunting or military horn. Build (blld), v. t. [built or BUILDED — BUILT Or BUILDED.] To make a fabric or an edifice; to construct; to raise: — v. i. y to depend on : — n., form, structure. BUL BUO nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. BUR *Build-ing (blid'lng), n. A fab ric, an edifice. Build -er (blld'ur), w. He that builds. Built (bllt), pat. t. and p. prf. of BUILD. Bulb, n. A round body, or root. BuLB-ous(bul'bus)a. Having bulbs. Bulge (bulje), v. i. To jut out ; to bilge : — ft., a protuberance. *Bul'ging, p. pre. BtjLK, ft. Magnitude, size, quan- tity ; the greater part ; part of a building jutting out. [170-25.] Bulk-head (bulk-hed'), n. A par- tition made across a ship. *Bulk-i-ness (bulk'eWs), n. Greatness of bulk or size ; heaviness. Bulk-y (bulk'e), a. [bulkier — bulkiest.] Of great size ; mas- sy,* heavy. B^ll, n. The male of cattle ; a sign of the zodiac (Taurus) ; an edict of the pope ; a blunder of speech. *Bull-bait-ing (bul'batelng), n. The act of baiting bulls with dogs. Bxjll'd6g, ft. A courageous dog. Bull-Head (bul'h&d), ft. A fish ; a stupid person. Bul-let (bul'lit), n. A round ball of metal; shot. Bul-le-tin (bul'leHln), n. An of- ficial report of public news. Bull-finch (bul'flnsh), n. A sing- ing bird of the sparrow kind. Btj ll'frog, n. A kind of large frog. *Bull-ion (bul'yun), ». Gold or silver un wrought. BuL-L0CK(bul'luk),n.A young bull. Bul-ly (bul'le), n. A noisy, quar- relling fellow : — v. t., to bluster ; to threaten. *Bul'lies, n. pi. and prs. t, 3. Bul'r^sh, n. A large rush. Bul'rush^es, n. pi. *Bul-wark (bul'wiirk), n. A for- tification ; security; a rampart. [38-31.] [334-19.] *Bum-bail-iff (bum-bale'lf), n. An under-bailiff. Bum-ble-bee (bum^brb^), ft, A large bee ; humblebee. Bum-boat (bum'b6te), n. A boat for carrying provisions to a ship. BfoiP, n. A swelling ; a blow : — v. t., to make a loud noise : — v. i., to strike heavily. Bum-per (biim'pur), n. A cup or glass filled. *Bujip'kin, n. An awkward fel- low ; a rustic. Bunch (bunsh), n. A hard lump ; a knob ,• a cluster ; a collection : — v. t., to tie in a bunch. Bunch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Bunch-y (bunsh'd), a. Growing in bunches. Bun-dle (bian'dl), n. A number of things bound together: — v. t. } to tie up in a bundle. ^Bun'dling, p. prs. BffNG, n. A stopper for a barrel : — v. t.. to stop with a bung. Bun-ga-low (bung / ga x 16), ft. A thatched house in India. Bung'hole, n. The hole in the side of a barrel. *Bun-gle (bung'gl), v. i. To per- form clumsily : — v. t. y to botch, manage clumsily : — ft., a botch ; a gross error. Bun'gling, p. prs. [workman. Bun-gler (bung'glur), n. A bad Bun-gling-ly (bung'gllng^le), ad. Clumsily, awkwardly. Bun-ion (bun'yun), n. An excres- cence on the foot. B£nk, n. A case of boards for a bed. Bunn, n. A kind of sweet bread. BfrN'TlNG, ft. A bird ; the stuff of which flags are made. *Buoy (bu6e), n. A piece of cork or wood floating to indicate a shoal: — v. t., to keep afloat: — v. i., to float. *Buoy-an-cy (bu6e'an x se), n. The quality of floating; animation, cheerfulness. 7 BUOY'AN^CIES, ft. pi. Buo Y-ANT(bu5e'ant),a. That which will not sink ; floating ; light. Bt&r, ft. A rough head of a plant. Bur-den (bur'dn), ri. A load; ca- pacity of a ship ; something grievous: — v.*.,toload,encumber. *Bur-den-some (bur'dn^sum), a. Grievous, troublesome, oppressive. Bur-dock (bundok), n. A plant. *Bu-reau (bu-r6' or bu'r6), n. A chest of drawers ; a department of public business. Bu'reaus, ) , *BU'REAUX, J n 'P l *Bur-gess (bur'jes), n. A citizen; an officer of a borough. Bur'gess^es, ft. pi. Burg, ) (burg), ft. A corporate *Burgh, J town or borough. Burgh-er (burg'ur), n. One who enjoys certain privileges in a place ; a citizen of a borough. *Burgh-er-ship (burg'uVshlp), n. The privilege of a burgher. Bur-gla-ry (bur'gla-Ve), n. Housebreaking by night with intent to rob. *Bur'gla x ries, ft. pi. Bur-go-jta-ster (bur'g6 v ma-stur), ft. A magistrate in a city. *Bu-ri-al (beVre^al), n. The act of burying; interment; funeral. B^rke, v. t. To murder for the purpose of obtaining a body for dissection. *Bur-lesque (bur-le'sk'), a. Lu- dicrous, jocular, tending to raise laughter [95-35] : — ft., ludicrous language ; fun, buffoonery : — v. t.y to turn to ridicule. *BUR-LESQU'ING, p. prs. *Bur-li-ness (bur'le v ne 4 s), ft. Bulk; bluster. Bur-ly (bur'le), a. Bulky; of great size. B£rn, v. t. [burned or burnt — burned or burnt.] To consume with fire ; to wound with fire : — v. *., to be on fire ; to be inflamed 73 BUS BUT Fate, far, f&ll, fat— me, met— pine, pln- -no, m5ve, BUX with passion; to scorch: — n., a hurt caused by fire. Bur-ner (bur'nur), n. A person or thing that burns. "Bums'iiHG, p. prs. : — n., combustion, inflammation : — a., powerful ; flaming. Bur-net (bur'nit), n. A plant. Burn'Ing-^Glass, n. A glass which collects the rays of the sun. BuRN'lNG- N GrLASS-ES, n. pi. Bur'nIsh, v, t. [prs. t. 3, bur- nishes.] To polish: — v. i. f to grow bright or glossy: — n.,a gloss. Bur-nish-er (buVnlsVtir), n. The . person or tool that burnishes. Burnt, pat. t. and p. prf. of burn. Burr, n. The lobe or lap of the ear. *Bur-row (bur'r6), n. The hole made in the ground by conies or rabbits : — v. i., to lodge in holes in the ground. Bur-sar (bur'sur), «. The treas- urer of a college. Bur-sa-ry (bur'sur^e), n. The treasury of a college. Burse, n. An exchange where merchants meet. Burst, v. i. [burst or bursted — burst or bursted.] To break or fly open or asunder : — v. t., to break open suddenly by violence : — n., a sudden disruption. *Bur-y (ber're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, buries.] To inter; to put into a grave ; to conceal ; to hide. *Bur'i-ed, p. prf. Bush, n. A thick shrub ; a bough. Bush'es, n. pi. Bush-el (bush'll), n. A dry meas- ure of eight gallons or four pecks. *Bush-i-ness (bush'e^ne's), n. The quality of being bushy. Bush-y (bush'e), a. Thick; full of small branches. *Bu-si-ly (blz'ze'le), ad. In an active, busy manner. *Bu-si-ness (blz'ne's), n. An em- ployment; an affair; concern; engagement. [201-24.] 74 Busk, n. A piece of whalebone or steel worn in stays. Bus'kin, n. A kind of half-boot ; a high shoe worn by actors. *~Bus-KiN-ED(bus'klnd),a. Dressed in buskins. Bus-ky (bus'k£), a. Woody. Buss, n. A kiss ; a boat for fishing. Buss'es, n.pl. Bust, n. A statue of the head and shoulders. Bus-tard (btis'turd), n. A bird of the turkey kind. *Bus-tle (bus'sl), v. i. To be busy ; to hurry : — n., a tumult ; a confusion. Bus'tling, p. prs. Bus'tled, p. prf. Bus'tler (bus'lur), n. An active stirring person ; a busybody. *Bu-sy (biz'ze), a. [busier — busiest.] Employed; bustling, active; meddling: — v. t. [prs.t. 3, busies], to employ, engage ; to keep busy. *Bus'i-ed, p. prf. Bu-sy-bod-y (blz'ze'b&d-de), n. A meddling person. *Bus'y n bod-ies, n.pl. But, con. d. Except that; yet; nevertheless ; besides ; unless ; otherwise than: — prp., except: — ad., only ; no more than : — n. y a limit; the end; the largest end: — v. i., to abut, — which see. But'ting, p. prs. (abutting.) But'tED, p. prf. (ABUTTED.) Butch-er (biltsh'ur), n. One that kills animals to sell their flesh —v. t., to kill ; to murder. Butch-er-ly (butsh'ur^le), a. Bloody, cruel, barbarous. Butch-er-y (butsh'uYre), n. The trade of a butcher; murder cruelty ; a place where animals are killed. *Butch'er x ies, n. pi. B UT-END(but'end),w.The blunt end. But-ler (but'lur), n. A servant entrusted with wines, &t'tur\bbth) f n. The great broad foretooth. BuT-TER-wo-MAN(but / tur y wum-un) n. A woman that sells butter. *But-ter-wq-men (but'turVlm- mln), n. pi. *But-ter-y (but'turYe), n. A room for provisions : — a., hav- ing the qualities of butter. But'ter^ies, n. pi. But-ton (but'tn), n. Any knob or ball ; the bud of a plant : — v. t. t to fasten with buttons. But-ton-hole (but'tn v h61e), n. The hole in which the button is caught. *But-tress (butHrls), n. A prop, a support: — v. t., to prop. But'tress x es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Bux-OM(buk'sum),a.Fleshy; brisk, lively; wanton; gay. [362-6.] *Bux-om-ly (buk'sum^le), ad. "Wantonly; amorously. BUZ BYE nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p3und — thin, THis. BYW Bux-om-ness (btik'sumWs), n. "Wantonness ; amorousness. Buy (bi),v. t. [bought — bought.] To purchase, acquire by paying a price ; to bribe ; to bargain for. Buy-er (bl'ur), n. He that buys ; a purchaser. Buzz, v. i. To hum; to make a noise like bees ; to whisper : — n., the noise of bees ; a whisper. Buzz'es, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. *Buz-zard (buz'zurd), n. A spe- cies of hawk; a dunce. Buz-zer (buz'zur), n, A secret whisperer. By (bi), prp. Near, through, for; it denotes the agent or means : — ad., near, at a small distance. By-and-by (bi'and-bl/), ad. In a short time. By-End (bi-end'), n. Private in- terest ; secret advantage. *By-Law (bi'law), n. A private law of a society. B Y-NAME(bl'name),n. A nickname. *By-Path (bl'pai/i), n. A private or obscure path. By-Stand-er (bl-stand'ur), n. A looker-on ; a spectator. By-Way (bl'wa), n. A private and obscure way. *By-Word (bi'wurd),n. A saying; a proverb ; a term of reproach. CAB C(see), n. The third letter in the English alphabet, and a consonant. The name is written Gee, the plural of which is Gees. It has a hard sound like K be- fore a, o, u, l, r, and t; and a soft sound like S before e, i, and y. As an abbreviature this letter represents many words ; it is the initial of centum, and hence, as a numeral, has been made to stand for 100. Cab (kab), n. A Hebrew measure of about three pints; a carriage (abbreviation of cabriolet). *Ca-bal (ka-bal'), n. A body of men united in some close de- sign ; intrigue ; party ; faction [219-1] : — v. i., to form close in- trigues ; to plot. Ca-bal'ling, p. prs. *Ca-ball'ed, p. prf. Cab-a-la (kab'a v la), n. Hebrew tradition ; secret science. Cab-a-list (kab'a x llst), n. One skilled in Hebrew tradition. Cab-a-lis-tic Okab-a-lis'tik), a. Relating to Hebrew tradition ; secret, occult. Ca-bal-ler (ka-bal'lur), n. He that cabals ; an intriguer. *Cab-bage (kab'blje), n. A plant: — v. t., to steal in cutting clothes. *Cab'bag v ing, p. prs. * Cab-in (kab'in), n, A small room CAC in a ship ; a cottage ; a hut : — v. %., to live in a cabin : — v. t., to confine in a cabin. *Cab-in-et (kab'in^t), n. A set of drawers for curiosities; a pri- vate room for consultations ; the ministers of a state collectively ; a closet. *Ca-ble (ka'bl), n. The rope or chain of a ship to hold the anchor. *Ca-boose (ka-b66se')> n. The cooking-room of a ship. Cab-ri-o-let (kab're-6 x la), n. A carriage ; a cab. Cache (kash), n. A hole dug in the ground for preserving pro- visions. *Cach-ex-y (kak'ek x se), n. A dis- ordered state of the body. -'•Cach'ex^ies, n. pi. *Cach-in-na-tion ( x kak-ln-na'- shun), n. Loud laughter. Cack-le (kak'kl), n. The voice of a hen or fowl : — v. L, to make a noise as a hen ; to laugh, giggle. Cack'ling, p. prs. Cack-le r (kak'lur), n. A fowl that cackles ; a tattler. Ca-coph-o-ny (ka-k6f 6 x ne), n. A harsh sound of words; discord. Ca-cophVnies, n. pi. Cac-tus (kak'tus), n. A genus of tropical plants with beautiful flowers. CAG Cac'tus-es, 1 , Cac'ti, j n 'P L Ca-dav-e-rous (ka-dav'e x rus), a. Like a dead body ; ghastly. Cad-dis (kad'dis), n. A kind of tape or ribbon; a worm or grub. * Cad 'dishes, n. pi. CAD-DY(kad'de),n. A small tea-box. Cad'dies, n. pi. Cade (kade), a. Tame: — ?i.,acask. Ca-dence (ka'dense), n. Fall of the voice in reading; the tone or sound. Ca-dent (ka'dent), a. Falling down. Ca-det (ka-def), n. A pupil in a military school; a volunteer. Ca-di (ka'de), n. A Turkish magistrate. Cad-mi-um (kad'me'um), n. A white, malleable metal. Ca-du-ce-us (ka-du'sheNis), n. The rod or wand of Mercury ; on med- als, a symbol of peace, &c. *C^-su-ra (se-zu'ra), n. A pause in a verse or poetic line. *C^e-su'r^e, n. pi. C^e-su-ral (se-zu'ral), a. Rela- ting to the cassura. *Caf-e (kafa), n. A coffee-house. Caf-tan (kaftan), n. A Persian garment. Cag (kag), n. A small barrel; a keg. Cage (kaje), n. An enclosure in which birds or wild beasts are kept : — v. t.j to enclose in a cage. 75 CAL CAL Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, CAL Ca'ging, p. prs. [stones, Cairn (k&rn), n. A conical heap of *Cais-son (ka-s6n' or ka'sun), n. A wooden chest for bombs, &c. Cai-tiff (ka'tlf ), n. A knave. Ca-jole (ka-j61e'), v. t. To flatter; to coax ; to delude by flattery. Ca-jo'ling, p. prs. CA-JO-LER(ka-j6'lur),n. A flatterer. Ca-jo-ler-y (ka-j6'lurVe), n. Flat- tery ; an enticing by fawning. ■^Ca-jo'ler^ies, n. pi. Cake (kake), n. A kind of deli- cate bread ; any flat mass : — v. i. f to harden or form into a cake. *Ca'king,2>. prs. Cal-a-bash (kal'a^bash), n. A species of a large gourd. *Cal'a x bash-es, n. pi. Cal-a-man-co ( x kal-a-mang'k6), n. A kind of woollen stuff. Cal-a-mine (kaWmlne), n. An ore of zinc. *Ca-lam-i-tous (ka-lam'e y tus), a. Full of calamity ; miserable ; adverse. CA-LAM-i-TOus-NESs(ka-lam , eHus- n£s),w. Misery,distress; calamity. Ca-lam-i-ty (ka-lain'e v te), n. Mis- fortune; cause of misery; dis- aster. [87-35.] [256.] *Ca-lamYties, n. pi. Cal-a-mus (kalTm&s), n. A plant of the reed kind. Ca-lash (ka-lash'), n. An open carriage ; a head-dress. *Ca-lash'es, n. pi. *Cal-ca-re-ous (kal-kaWus), a. Having the nature of lime. [57.] Cal-ce-a-ted (kal'she N a-ted), a. Shod ; having shoes. Cal-ci-nate (kal'se v nate), v. t. To calcine. Cal'ci v na-ting, p. prs. *Cal-ci-na-tion ^kal-s^-na'shun), n. The operation of pulverizing by heat. Cal-cine (kal-slne' or kal'sln), v. t. To reduce to a calx. *Cal-ci'ning, p. prs. 76 *Cal-ci-tjm (kal'se'um), n. The metallic base of lime. Cal-cu-la-ble (kal'ku^la-bl), a. That may be computed. Cal-cu-late (kal'ku^late), v. t. To compute, reckon ; to adjust. Cai/cuVa-ting, p. prs. *CAL-cu-LA-TioN( N kal-ku-la'shun) n. The act or result of calcula- ting ; computation. Cal-cu-la-tor (kal'ku x la-tur), n. One who calculates or computes. *Cal-cu-lous (kal'ku^lus), a. Stony ; gritty. *Cal-dron (kawl'drun), n. A large boiler or kettle. [72-31.] Cal-e-fac-tion ( r kal-e-fak'shun), n. The act of heating. Cal-e-fac-tor-y fkal-e-fak'tur- Ve), a. That which heats ; heating. Cal-e-fy (kal'e^fl), v. i. [prs. t. 3, calefies.] To grow hot ; to be heated : — v. t.> to make hot. Cal'e n fi-ed, p. prf. *Cal-en-dar (kal'enMur), n. A register of the year ; an almanac. *Cal-en-der (kal'enMur), v. t. To smooth cloth or paper: — n., a hot roller for smoothing cloth or paper. *Cal-ends (kal'endz), n. pi. The first day of every month among the Romans. Cal-en-ture (kal'eVtshure), n. A delirium incident to sailors in hot climates. Calf (kaf or kaf), n. The young of a cow ; the muscle of the leg below the knee. Calves (kavz or kavz), n. pi. Cal-i-ber I (kal'e'bur), n. The *Cal-i-bre J diameter of a body ; the bore of a gun ; power of mind. Cal-i-co (kal'e x k&), n. A cotton cloth ; cotton cloth printed. "*Cal'i x coes, n. pi. *Cal-id (kalld), a. Hot, burning. Ca-lid-i-ty (ka-lld'e v te), n. Heat. Ca-lif. See caliph. Cal-i-ga-tion (^kal-le-ga'shun), n* Darkness, cloudiness. Ca-li-gi-nous (ka-llj'e x nus), a. Obscure; dim; smoky. *Cal-i-pers (kal'e^purs), n. pi. Compasses with curved legs. *Ca-liph ) (ka'lif ), n. A title as- Ca-lif j sumed by the suc- cessors of Mahomet. [246.] Cal-is-then-ics (Mial-is-fAeVlks), n. pi. Exercises for promoting bodily health. *Calk (kawk), v. t. To stop the seams of a ship ; to stuff. Calk-er (kawk'ur), n. One who stops the seams of a ship. Call (kawl), v. t. To name; to summon ; to invite ; to invoke ; to demand: — v. t., to cry out; to make a short visit (ap. p. — upon or on a person; at a house; for a thing): — n., an address ; a de- mand; divine vocation ; a short visit; an invitation; an instru- ment to call birds. *Call-ing (kawl'llng), n. Voca- tion, profession, trade. Cal-los-i-ty (kal-l&s'eHe), n. A hard swelling without pain. -^Cal-losVties, n. pi. *Cal-lous (kal'lus), a. Hard, insensible. Cal-low (kal'16), a. Unfledged; wanting feathers ; naked. *Cal-lus (kal'lus), n. An indu- ration of the fibres ; a hardness. Cal'lus^es, n. pi. Calm (kam), a. Quiet, serene ; unruffled ; tranquil : — n., still- ness ; serenity; repose: — v. t.,to still ; to quiet ; to pacify. Calm-ly (kam'le), ad. Serenely; quietly. Calm-ness (kam'n^s), n. Tran- quillity, serenity ; state of rest. Cal-o-mel (kal^mel), n. A prep- aration of mercury. Ca-lor-ic (ka-16rlk), n. Heat. *Cal-o-rif-ic ('kal-6-rlf'lk), a. Causing or producing heat. CAM CAN n5r, nftt — tube, tub, bull — Ml — p6und — thin, THis. CAN *Cal-tj-met (kal'u N met), ft. The Indian pipe of peace. *Ca-lum-ni-ate (ka-lum' negate), v. t. To slander ; to defame. Ca-ltjm'ni\a.-ting, p. prs. Ca-lttm-ni-a-tion (ka x lum-ne-a'- shun), n. A malicious and false accusation of an offence; slander. CA-LUM-Ni-A-TOR(ka-lum'ne v a-tur) ft. A slanderer. *Ca-lum-ni-ous (ka-lum'ne x us), a. Slanderous ; falsely reproachful. Cal-um-ny (kal'um^ne), n. Slander, false charge; defamation. [279.] ^Cal'tjmVies, n. pi. CALVES(kavz or kavz),n._p£.of calf. Cal-vin-ism (kal'vinlzm), ft. The doctrines of Calvin. Calx (kalks), ft. A powder made by burning ; lime or chalk. Cal-ces (kal'seez), } ■ 7 Calx'es, h \n.pl. *Ca-lyx (ka'liks or kal'lks), ft. A flower-cup; the outer covering of a flower. Cal-y-ces (kal'e^se^z), ) 7 Ca'lyxW "\n.pl. Cam-ber (kam'bur), n. A piece of timber cut archwise. Cam-boge. See gamboge. Cam-brel. See gambrel. Cam-bric (karue'brik), ft. A kind of fine linen. Came, pst. t. of come. Cam-el (kam'el), ft. A beast of burden. *Ca-mel-o-pard (ka-meT6 x pard or kam'eTd-pard), n. The giraffe. Cam-e-o (kam'e v 6), w. A precious stone; an onyx; a kind of ag- ate ; an onyx sculptured in relief. *Cam-e-ra-Ob-scu-ra (kam'e y ra- 6b-sku'ra), n. An optical ma- chine used in a darkened cham- ber for throwing images of ex- ternal objects on a screen. Cam-let (kam'le't), n. A kind of stuff made with wool and silk. CamVmile, 7i. See chamomile. Camp (kamp), ft. The order of tents of an army when they keep the field : — v. i., to lodge in tents. *Cam-paign (kam-pane r ), ft. A large, open country ; the time an army keeps the field in one year. [360-8.] Cam-pes-tral (kam-peVtral), a. Growing in fields. Cam-phene (kam'feen), ft. Pure spirit of turpentine. [of resin. Cam-phor (kam'fiir), ft. A kind *Cam-pho-rate (kam'f6Mt), a. Impregnated with camphor. Can (kan), n. A cup or vessel: — v. i. [could — defective], to be able ; to have power. ^§** The verb can is always used as an auxiliary ; it helps to form the tenses of the poten- tial mood ; can is a sign of the present, can have of the per- fect, could of the past, could have of the pluperfect. *Ca-naille (ka-nale'), n. The low- est of the people ; the rabble. Ca-nal (ka-nal'), n. A basin or course of water made by art; a conduit; ■ a passage or duct in the body. Ca-na-ry (ka-na're), n. Wine brought from the Canary Isles. *Ca-na'ries, n. pi. Ca-na-ry-Bird (ka-naWburd), ft. A singing bird from the Canary Isles. Can-cel (kan'sil), v. t. To blot out; to efface, obliterate, annul; to repeal. *Can'cel v ling, } Can Wing, J*-*** Can'cell-ed, } j. Can'cel-ed, \P'P r f- *Can-cel-la-tion (^kan-sSl-la'- shnn), ft. Act of expunging. *Can-cer (kan'sur), n. A crab- fish ; the Crab, a sign of the zo- diac entered by the sun June 21st; the summer solstice; a virulent sore. 7* *Can-cer-ous (kan'surNis), a. Like, or relating to, a oancer. CAN-DE-LA-BRUM( > kan-de-la / brum) ft. A branched candlestick. ^Can-de-la'bra, ) , x Can-de-la'brums, \ n 'P ' Can-dent (kan'dent), a. Hot ; glowing with heat. *Can-did (kan'dld), a. White; fair; open, ingenuous. [226-4.] *Can-di-date (kan'de N date), n. A competitor ; one who seeks or is proposed for an office. Can-did-ly (kan'dld N le), ad. In- genuously, fairly, frankly. Can-did-ness (kan'didWs), ft. Ingenuousness ; openness of temper. *Can'dI-ED, p. prf. Of CANDY. Can-dle (kan'dl), n. A wick of flax or cotton, surrounded by wax or tallow ; a light. *Can-dle-light (kanMrilte), ft. The light of a candle. Can-dle-mas (kan'drmus), n. The feast of the purification of the Virgin Mary. *Can-dle-stick (kan'dPstik), n. The instrument that holds a candle. Can-dor (kan'dur), n. Freedom from prejudice; fairness, frank- ness. [244-6.] Can-dy (kan'de), v. t. [prs. t. 3, candies.] To conserve with sugar : — v. i., to grow congealed : — n., a sweetmeat of sugar. *Can'di-ed, p. prf. Cane (kane), n. A kind of strong reed ; the sugar-plant ; a walk- ing-stick : — v. t., to beat with a Ca'ning, p. prs. [cane or stick. Cane-brake (kane'brake), n. A thicket of canes. Ca-nic-u-lar (ka-nik'ular), a. Belonging to the dog-star. *Ca-nine (ka-nine'), a. Having the properties of a dog. [221.] Can-is-ter (kan'lsHur), n. A small box or case for tea, kalz),n.^>Z. The full dress of the clergy. Can-on-ist (kan'unlst), n. A pro- fessor of canonical law. Can-on-i-za-tion ( x kan-un-e-za ; - shun), n. Act of canonizing. 78 *Can-on-ize (kan'uVlze), v. t. To declare any one a saint* Can'onVzing, p. prs. Can-on-ry (kan'unVe), ». An ecclesiastical benefice in some cathedral; office of a canon. *Can'on x ries, n. pi. Can-o-py (kan'6 r pe), n. A cover- ing spread over the head [33-22] [218-21] : — v. t., to cover or adorn with a canopy. CanVpies, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. ^'CanVpi-ed, p. prf. [musical. CA-N0-R0US(ki-n6 r rus),a. Tuneful, Cant (kant), n. A corrupt dialect; slang ; a toss ; a throw ; a whin- ing pretension to goodness [364-22] : — v. %., to speak with a whining tone: — v. t. t to toss; to tip or incline. Can-ta-ta (kan-ta'ta), n. A song. Can-teen (kan'teen), n. A small vessel for carrying liquors. Can-ter (kan'tur), n. A hypocrite ; a short gallop: — v. i., to gallop gently. *Can-thar-i-des (kan-fAar'eMe'z), n. pi. Spanish flies, used to raise blisters. *Can-ti-cle (kan'te'kl), n. A song; Song of Solomon. Cant-let (kant'let), n. A piece; a fragment. Can-to (kan'to), n. A book or section of a poem; a song. [355.] Can-ton (kan'tun), n. A small division of land; a small clan: — v. t., to divide into little parts ; to allot quarters to troops. Can-ton-ment (kan'tun^ment), n. Quarters for soldiers. *Can-vas (kan'vas), n. A kind of coarse cloth for sails, tents, n. A man who carries a carbine. CAR-BON(kar r bun),ft. Pure charcoal. *Car-bon-ize (kar'biWlze), v. t. To convert into carbon by burning. Car'bon'i-zing, p. prs. Car-bun-cle (kar'bungk N kl), n, A jewel shining in the dark ; an inflammatory, gangrenous tumor. [174-2.] Car-cass (kar'kas), n. A dead body of an animal ; an old frame or hull ; a kind of bomb. ^Car'cass^es, n. pi. Card (kard), n. A small piece of stiffened paper used for games, business, or civility ; a note ; an instrument to comb wool : — v. t. f to comb wool. Card-er (kard'ur), n. One that cards wool. *Car-di-ac (karMe^ak), a. Pertain- ing to the heart ; invigorating. Car-di-nal (kar'de^nal), a. Prin- cipal, chief; used in counting: — n., a dignitary of the Roman CatholicChurch; a woman's cloak. _^T* North, South, East, and West are the cardinal points of the compass ; Aries, Libra, Cancer, and Capricorn the cardinal signs of the zodiac ; one, two, three, &c. the car- dinal numbers ; and Prudence, Temperance, Justice, and For- titude the cardinal virtues. Care (kare), n. Solicitude, con- cern, anxiety; caution; regard; charge : — v. i., to be anxious or solicitous ; to be inclined, (op. p. — for, to.) *Ca'ring, p. prs. • 79 CAR CAR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, CAR Ca-reen (ka-reen'), v. t. To heave or lay a vessel on one side. *Ca-reer (ka-reeV), n. A course, race; a running; course of ac- tion [47-24] [384-7] :— v. i., to run swiftly. Care-ful (kare'fiil), a. Anxious; solicitous; provident; cautious. (ap.p. — of, for, in.) Care-ful-ly (kare'fuPle), ad. Watchfully, needfully. *Care~ful-ness (kare'fdrnes), n. Vigilance, caution, great care. Care-less (kare'les), a. Without care or feeling; unconcerned; negligent; heedless, (ap. p. — of, about.) Care-less-ly (kare'leVleO, ad. Negligently, heedlessly. *Care-less-ness (kare'leVne's), n. Heedlessness, want of care. Ca-ress (ka-reV), v. t. To en- dear, fondle : — n., an act of en- dearment; embrace. Ca-ress'es, n. pi. and prs, t. 3. *Ca-ress'ing, p. prs. Ca-ret (ka'ret), n. The mark [ a ] which shows where some- thing interlined should be read. Car-go (kar'gd), n. The lading of a ship ; freight. *Car'goes, n. pi. * C ar-ic- a-ture (^kar-lk-a-tshure' or karlk-aHshure), n. An ex- aggerated and ludicrous repre- sentation of a person or thing : — v. u, to represent by carica- ture, f *Ca-ri-es (kaWiz), n. Rotten- ness of a bone. *Ca-ri-ous (ka're x us), a. Rotten, decayed. Carle (karl),n. A rude, brutal man. Car-man (kar'man), n. A man who drives a car or cart. Car'men, n. pi. Car-min-a-tive (kar-mln'aHiv), n. A medicine to relieve flatulency : — a., belonging to carminatives; * warming. 80 *Car-mine (kar-mine'), n. A bright red or crimson color or paint. [slaughter, havoc. *Car-nage (kar'nije), n. Massacre, Car-nal (kar'nal), a. Fleshly ; sensual. Car-nal-i-ty (kar-nal r le v te), n. Sensuality ; grossness of mind. *Car-nal'i v ties, n. pi. Car-nal-ly (kar'naPle), ad. Ac- cording to the flesh,not spiritually. Car-na-tion (kar-na'shiin), n. The natural flesh color; a flower. *Car-nel-ian (kar-nele'yun), n. A precious stone. [fleshy. Car-ne-ous (kar'neMs), a. Fat, Car-ni-val (kar'neVal), n. The feast held in Roman Catholic countries before Lent. Car-niv-o-rous (kar-niv'6 v rus), a. Flesh-eating. Car-nos-i-ty (kar-n6s r eHe), n. Fleshy excrescence. *Car-nosVties, n. pi. Car-ol (kar'rul), n. A song of joy and exultation ; a hymn : — v. i., to sing, warble : — v. t, to praise, celebrate in song. [95.] Car'oiAling, } Car'oiAng, \ P-P". Car'oll-ed, ) * Car'ol-ed, j P'Ff- Ca-rou-sal (ka-r6ti'zal), ». A festival ; a revelling. *Ca-rocse (ka-rduze'), v. i. To drink hard; to quaff; to revel. Ca-rou s'ing, p. prs. Ca-rous-er (ka-rduz'ur), n. A drinker, a toper. Carp (karp), n. A fish : — v. i., to censure ; to cavil ; to find fault. (ap. p. — at.) Carp-ing (karp'lng), a. Captious, censorious. [327-24.] Car-pen-ter (kar'peVtur), n. A worker in wood ; a builder. Car-pen-try (kar'penHre), n. The art or trade of a carpenter. CAR-PET(kar'plt),n. Acovering for a floor : — r.£.,to spread with carpets. *Car-riage (kar'rije), n. The act of carrying or transporting ; ve- hicle; price of carrying; con- duct, behaviour. [364-24.] *Car-ri-er (karWur), n. One who carries; a messenger. Car-ri-on (kar're x un), n. Dead, putrid flesh : — a., relating to or feeding on carcasses. Car-rot (kar'rut), n. A garden root. *Car-rot-y (kar'rut x e), a. Like a carrot; of a reddish yellow. Car-ry (kar're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, carries.] To bear; to convey; to behave ; to gain : — v. i., to transport. "^Car'ri-ed, p. prf. Cart (kart), n. A carriage with two wheels, used for luggage : — v. t., to carry in a cart : — v. i., to use carts for carriage. Cart-age (kart'ije), n. Act of carting ; cost of carting. "^Carte-Blanche (kart-blansh'), n. A blank paper to be filled up with such conditions as the per- son to whom it is sent thinks proper; unconditional terms. Car-tel (kar-teT), n. An agree- ment for the exchange of pris- oners ; a challenge. Cart-er (kart'ur), n. The man who drives a cart. * Car-til-age (kar'te^lije), n. A smooth, tough, elastic substance found on the joint-surfaces of bones ; gristle. *Car-ti-lag-i-notts (^kar-tevlaj'e- x nus), a. Consisting of cartilages. Car-toon (kar-t6on'), n. A paint- ing or drawing upon large paper ; a design for a fresco-painter. *Car-touch (kar-t66tsh'), n. A case for holding cartridges and balls. Car-touch'es, n. pi. *Car-tridge (kar'tridje), n. A case of paper filled with gun- powder. Car'tridg^es, n. pi. CAS CAS n3r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — ^in, this. CAT Cart-rut (kart'rtit), n. A track made by a cart-wheel. *Cart-wright (k^rt'rlte), n. A maker of carts. Car-tjn-cle (kar'ungk^kl), n. A small fleshy excrescence. Carve (karv), v. t. To cut wood or stone into forms ; to cut meat at table : — v. i. y to cut stone or meat. Car'ving, p. prs. : — n. } sculpture ; art of carving. Car-ver (kar'vuf), n. One who carves ; a sculptor. *Cas-cade (kas-kade')> n, A small cataract ; a waterfall. Case (kase), n. A box ; a sheath state of things; an instance of disease; a question; inflection of nouns : — v. t. t to put in a case or cover. Ca'sing, p. prs. Case-hard-en (kase'harMn), v. t. To harden on the outside. *Case-knife (kase'nlfe), n. A large kitchen-knife. Case'knives, n. pi. Case-ment (kase'me'nt), n. A win- dow-sash opening upon hinges. *Ca-se-ous (ka'she^us), a. Re- sembling cheese. Case-Shot (kase'shdt), n. Balls, bullets, &c. enclosed in a case. Cash (kash), n. Money, ready money ; coin : — v. I., to convert into money. Cash-Book (kash'bdok), n. A book in which receipts and pay- ments of money are kept. *Ca-shier (ka-sheer 7 ), n. One who has charge of the money in a bank : — v. t., to discard, dismiss . from a post. *Cash-mere (kash'me&r), n. Made of the wool of the Cashmere goat. Cask (kask), n. A barrel or wooden vessel for liquors, &c. Cask-et (kask'lt), n. A small box or chest for jewels. *Casque (kask), n. A helmet. Cas-sa-tion (kas'sa x shun), n. A French court ; act of annulling. *Cas-si-a (kash'she v a), n. A sweet spice; a plant; senna. *Cas-si-mere (kaz'ze N mere), n. A thin, woollen cloth: — also writ- ten kerseymere. [ment. Cas-sock (kas'suk), n. A close gar- Cast (kast), v. t. [cast — cast.] To throw ; to fling ; to shed ; to moult; to lay aside; to com- pute ; to model ; to shape ; to make to preponderate ; to direct the eye: — v. %., to contrive, turn the thoughts to; to admit of a form or shape ; to warp : — n., the act of casting ; a throw ; motion of the eye ; a mould, form ; air, manner; a shade; a tinge; the division of the parts of a play among the actors, f *Cas-ta-net (kas'ta v n^t), n. Small shells of ivory or wood used by dancers. Cast-a-way (kast'aVa), ». A -person lost or abandoned. *Caste (kast), n. A hereditary class of people in Hindostan. Cas-tel-la-ted (kas'teTla-te'd), a. Adorned with turrets. Cast-er (kast'ur), n. One who casts ; a calculator; a cruet frame. Cas-ti-gate (kas'te v gate), v. t. To chastise ; to punish, correct. *Cas'ti x ga-ting, p. prs. Cas-ti-ga-tion ( N kas-te-ga'shun), t. Punishment, chastisement. Cas-ti-ga-tor ( x kas-te-ga'tur), n. One who chastises. CAS-Ti-GA-TOR-Y(kas'te x ga-turVe), x. Punitive, corrective. Cas-tile-Soap (kas'teers6pe), n. A hard and white or variegated soap. *Cas-tle (kas'sl), n. A fortified house ; a fortress. Cas-tor (kas'tur), n. A beaver, or a hat made of its fur ; a plant. Cas-u-al (kazh'u'al), a. Acci- dental; arising from chance; fortuitous. [77.] [239-27.] *Cas-u-al-ly (kazh'u x al-le), ad. Accidentally ; without design. [24-16.] *Cas-u-al-ty (kazh'u'al-te), n. Accident, chance ; misfortune. Cas'c n al-ties, n. pi. Cas-u-ist (kazh'u'lst), n. One that settles cases of conscience. [228.] Cas-u-is-ti-cal (^kazh-u-is'te- x kal), a. Relating to cases of conscience. -Cas-u-is-try (kazh'uls-tre,) n. The science of a casuist. Cas'u^is-tries, n. pi. Cat (kat), n. A domestic animal; a sort of ship ; a whip. *Cat-a-chres-ti-cal fkat-a- kreY te x kal), a. Forced ; far- fetched. *Cat-a-clysii (kat'a^klizm), n. A deluge ; an inundation. Cat-a-comb (kat / a v k6m), n. A subterraneous cavity for the burial of the dead. Cat-a-lec-tic (^kat-a-leVtlk), a. Wanting a syllable : — n., a verse wanting a syllable. Cat-a-lep-sy (kat'a^l&p-se), n. A disease in which the patient is suddenly deprived of sense and motion ; a trance. j Cat-a-logtje (kat'a x 16g), n. An enumeration of particulars ; a list of names of persons, books, &c. [133-29.] *Cat-a-plas3i (kat'a^plazm), ». A poultice ; a soft plaster. *Cat-a-ract (kat'aYakt), n. A great waterfall ; a cascade ; an eye-disease consisting in opacity of the crystalline lens or its capsule. *Ca-tarrh (ka-tar 7 ), n. A dis- charge of fluid from the nose and throat; a cold : influenza. Ca-tar-rhal (ka-tar'ral), ) Ca-tarrh-ous (ka-tar'us), } a * Relating to a catarrh or cold. SI CAT CAT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n6, move, CACJ *Ca-tas-tro-phe (ka-tas'tr6 v fe), n. A final event ; disaster ; ca- lamity. [55-34.] Cat-call (kat'kall), n. A squeak- ing instrument. Catch (katsh), v. t. [caught or CATCHED — CAUGHT Or CATCHED.] To lay hold on with the hand; to seize ; to stop, interrupt fall- ing; to ensnare, entangle; to communicate to: — v. i., to be contagious, spread infection ; to become entangled: — n., seizure, the act of seizing; a song sung in succession ; an advantage taken ; profit, the thing caught; a taint; any thing that catches or takes hold. (ap. p. — at, up.) Catch'es, ft. pi. and prs. t, 3. Catch-Penny (katsh A p^n-ne), a. Worthless ; made only for money. Catch-up (katsh'up), ) n. A sauce *Cat-sup (kat'sup), J made of tomatoes, mushrooms, &c, and highly seasoned: — sometimes written ketchup. *Catch-word (katsh'wurd), n. The word under the last line of a page which is repeated at the top of the next. #Cat-e-chet-i-cal ^kat-e-keVe- v kal), a. Consisting of questions and answers. Cat-e-chet-i-cal-ly (^kat-e-keV- e^kal-le), ad. By question and answer. *Cat-e-chise (kat'e^klze), v. t. To instruct by asking questions ; to interrogate; to question: — sometimes written catechize. Cat'e n chi-sing, p. pr8. Cat-e-chi-ser (kaVe x kl-zur), n. One who catechises ; a catechist. *Cat-e-chism (kat'eMzm), n. A form of instruction by means of questions and answers ; an ele- mentary book. Cat-e-chist (kat'e^klst), n. One who catechises; a catechiser. *Cat-e-chu-men ( v kat-e-ku'men), 82 ft. One in the rudiments of Christianity ; a tyro. CAT-E-GOR-i-CALfkat-^-gSr'e^kal), a. Absolute, positive ; direct. *Cat-e-gor-i-cal-ly ( x kat-e-g6r'~ e y kal-le), ad. Positively, ex- pressly. Cat-e-go-ry (kat'e^gur-re), n. A class ; a series of ideas ; a pre- dicament. *Cat'e v gor-ies, n. pi. Cat-e-na-ri-an (^kat-e-naWan), a. Relating to a chain. CAT-E-NATE(kaVe v nate),v.£.Tolink. Cat'e x na-ting, p. prs. * C at-e-na-tion pkat-^-na'shun), ft. Link ; regular connection. Ca-ter (ka'tur), v. i. To provide or procure food. Ca-ter-er (ka'tur^ur), n. One who provides food; a purveyor. *Ca-ter-ess (ka'tiir^s), n. A woman employed to provide victuals. Ca'ter x ess-es, ft. pi. *Cat-er-pil-lar (kat'tir^pll-lur), ft. A worm ; a grub ; the larva of an insect ; a plant. J0f* Certain insects, as moths and butterflies, after leaving the egg, pass through three distinct stages of being. They exist in the form of 1st, a grub, caterpillar, or larva ; 2dly, a pupa, chrysalis, aure- lia, or nympha; 3dly, the per- fected insect. *Cat-er-waul (kat'tirVawl), v. i. To make a noise as cats. Gates (kates), n.pl. Food, dainties. Cat-gut (kat'gut), n. A kind of cord for musical instruments ; a kind of coarse canvas. *Ca-thar-tic (ka-^ar'tlk), a. Purgative : — ft., a purging med- icine. *Ca-the-dral (ka-tfA&'dral), n. The head church of a diocese [294-21] : — a., relating to a ca- thedral. Cath-o-lic (kWd'ilk), a. Uni- versal, general, comprehensive : — ft., a Romrin Catholic. Ca-thol-i-cism (ka-^61'e\slzm), n. The doctrine of the Roman Cath- olic Church; universality. Ca-thol-i-cize (ka-fZt6l'e\dze),v. i. To become a Roman Catholic. Ca-thol'i v ci-zing, p. prs. *Cath-o-lic-i-ty fka^-6-lls'se- He), n. Catholicism, which see. Ca-thol-i-con (ka-^&Ve x k6n), n. A universal medicine. Cat-mint (kat'mlnt), ) . , Cat-nip (kat'nip), \ n ' A P lant *Cat-op-tri-cal (kat-6p'tre v kal), a. Relating to catoptrics. *Cat-op-trics (kat-6p'trlks), n.pl. That part of optics which treats of vision by reflection. Cat's-Paw (kats'paw), n. The dupe or tool of another. Cat-sup, n. See catchup. Cat-tle (kat'tl), ft. pi. Domestic beasts of pasture, as cows, &c. *Cau-cus (kaw'kus), n. A meet- ing of the ruling men of a party preparatory to an election. Cau'cus^es, ft. pi. Cau-dle (kaw'dl), n. A mixture of wine and gruel for the sick. Caup (kawf), ft. A chest with holes, to keep fish alive in the water. Caught (k&wt), pst. t. a,ndp,prf. of catch. *Caul (kawl), ft. A thin mem- brane covering the intestines; any kind of small net; the hinder part of a woman's cap. *Caul-i-flow-er (k&l'le'fldu-ur), ft. A species of cabbage. *Cau-sa-ble (kaw'za v bl), a. That may be caused. Cau-sal (kaw'zal), a. Relating to or expressing a cause. Cau-sa-tion (kaw-za'shun), n. The act or power of causing. Cau-sa-tive (kaw'zaHiv), a. Ex- pressing a cause or reason. CAV CED n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p5und — thin, THis. CEM Cause (kawz), n. That which pro duces an effect; an agency; a reason, motive,* a suit at law; party : — v. t., to effect as an agent ; to produce. #Caus'ing, p. prs. Cause-less (kawz'le's), a. With- out just ground or motive. Cause-less-ly (kawz'leVl£), ad. Without cause or reason. ^Cause-way (kawz'wa), n. A paved way raised above the ad- jacent ground. Caus-tic (kaws'tlk), n. A burning or corroding application : — a., corroding; burning: pungent. *CAU-TE-L0us(kaw'te x lus), a. Cun- ning, cautious, wily, crafty. CAU-TER-i-zA-TioN( x kaw-tur-e-za'- shun), n. The act of burning with cautery or caustic. *Cau-ter-ize (kaw r tur x ize), v.t. To burn with the cautery; to sear. ^Cau'terVzing, p. prs. Cau-ter-y (kaw'tur^e), n. A hot iron ; a burning with a hot iron; a caustic substance. *-Cau'ter v ies, n. pi. Cau-tion (kaw'shun), n. Fore- sight ; prudence ; warning : — v. t., to warn, give notice of a danger ; to admonish, (ap. p. — against.) Cau-tion-a-ry (kaw'shun x a-re), a. Given as a pledge ; warning. •s-Cau-tious (kaw'shtis), a. Watch- ful ; extremely careful. [382-13.] Cau-tious-ly (kaw'shus x le), ad. In a wary or cautious manner. Cau-tious-ness (kaw'shus v nes), n. Care to avoid danger; watchful- ness, vigilance. #Cav-al-cade (^kav-al-kade'), n. A procession on horseback. [67-6.] *Cav-a-lier ( v kav-a-leer'), n. An armed horseman; a knight [128-38] [267-16] :— a., gay, sprightly ; brave ; disdainful : haughty. Cav-a-lier-ly (^kav-a-leer'le), ad. Disdainfully, haughtily. *Cav-al-ry (kav'alYe), n. pi. Mounted troops. Cave (kave), n. A cavern ; a den ; any hollow : — v. t., to make hol- low : — v. %., to fall in. (ap.p. — in.) Ca'ving, p. prs. *Ca-ve-at (ka've-at), n. A process in law to stop proceedings ; a warning. Cav-ern (kav'urn), n. A hollow place in the ground ; a large cave. Cav-ern-ed (kav'urnd), a. Full of caverns ; hollow. *Cav-ern-ous (kav'urn^us), a. Full of caverns. *Ca-viare (ka-veer'), } n. The roe Cav-iar (kav-yar'), J of the sturgeon, and other large fish, salted. Cav-il (kav'il), v. i. To raise cap- tious and frivolous objections : — n., a frivolous objection. [201-19.] * Cav'iiAling, ) Cav'iiAns, '\P-P™- *CAV'lLL-ED, ) j. Cay'il-ed, \P'P r f- *Cav-il-ler j (kav'iriur), n. A Cav-il-er j captious disputant. Cav-il-ous ) (kavirius),a. Full *Cav-il-lous j of cavils. Cav-i-ty (kav'eHe), n. A hollow. ^CavYties, n. pi. Caw (kaw), v. i. To cry, as the rook or crow : — n., the cry of a rook or crow : — also written kaw. Cay-enne (ka-eV), n. A very pungent red pepper. Cease (seese), v. i. To leave off, to stop ; to be extinct : — v. t., to put a stop to. CEASING, J)' P r8 ' ^Cease-less (seese'les), a. Inces- sant; never ceasing; continual. Ce-ci-ty (seVseHe), n. Blindness. Ce-dar (se'dur), n. A tree. Cede (seed), v. t. To yield ; to resign ; to give up to another. Ce'ding, p. prs. Ce-dil-la (s£-dil'la), n. The mark [ c ] placed under the letter c, to show that it is to be sounded like s; as, Crecy. *"Ce-drlye (se'drin), a. Belong- ing to the cedar-tree. Ceil (seel), v. t. To cover the in- ner roof of a building. *Ceil-ing (seeling), n. The inner roof or top of a room. Cel-e-brate (seWbrate), v. t. To praise ; to commemorate ; to dis- tinguish by ceremonies. [65-31.] [169-18.] Cel'e v bra-ting, p. prs. Cel-e-bra-ted (seWbra-ted), a. Famous; illustrious. Cel-e-bra-tion ( x sel-e-bra'shun), n. Act of celebrating ; praise. Ce-leb-ri-ty (se-leVreHe), n. Fame ; distinction ; renown. "^Ce-leb'ri^ties, n. pi. [163-15.] Ce-ler-i-ty (se-ler'eHe), n. Swift- ness, rapidity, speed, velocity. [111-28.] *Cel-er-y (seTeYre), n. An escu- lent plant ; a species of parsley. Cel'er x ies, n. pi. Ce-les-tial (s£-leVtshal), a. Hea- venly [97-9] : — n., an inhabitant of heaven, f *Ce-les-tial-ly fse-les'tsharie), ad. In a heavenly manner. *Cel-i-ba-cy (seTe v bas-se), n. Single life; unmarried state. CelVba-cies, n. pi. Cell (sell), n. A small cavity : a cave ; a small and close apart- ment of a hermit or monk, or in a prison. *Cel-lar (sel'lur), n. A room be- low ground, under a house. Cel-lar-age (seFlu^je),^. Space in a cellar. Cel-lu-lar (seTlu\lar), a. Con- sisting of cells or cavities. -Cem-ent (sem'tmt or se-ment'), n. The matter which unites two bodies; mortar: adhesive mat- ter; bond of union. [250.] 83 CEN CEN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — no, mdve, CER *Ce-ment (se-ment'), v. t. To unite by a cement or adhesive matter : — v. i,, to unite, to cohere. *Cem-e-ter-y (seWeHe'r-re), n. A place where the dead are buried. CemVter-ies, n. pi. *Cen-o-bite (seV6 N blte), w. A monk in a convent. #Cen-o-taph (seV6 v taf), n. A monument for one elsewhere buried. *Cen-ser (sen'sur), n. The pan in which incense is burnt. [156-20.] *Cen-sor (seVs6r), n. An officer of Rome who had the power of correcting manners; a critic of manners and morals. Cen-so-ri-an (sen-s&Wan), a. Re- lating to a censor. *Cen-so-ri-ous (sen-so'reMs), a. Addicted to censure; inclined to speak evil of others. CEN-so-Ri-ous-LY(s^n-s6Wus-le), ad. In a severe, reflecting manner. Cen-so-ri-ous-ness (sen-sdWus- nes), n. Disposition to censure. Cen-sor-ship (sen's6r x shlp), n. The office of a censor. *Cen-su-ra-ble (seVshu N ra-bl), a. Culpable; faulty. Cen-su-ra-bly (s&n'shu-ra^ble), ad. Culpably; in a manner worthy of blame. Cen-su-ra-ble-ness (seVshuVa- bl x nes), n. Blamableness. Cen-sure (s£n'shur), n. Blame, reprimand, reproach : — v. t. y to blame ; to find fault with.f Cen'su^ring, p. prs. Cen-su-rer (sSn'shuVur), n. One who censures. *Cen-sus (sen'sus), n. An official enumeration of the inhabitants of a country,with their wealth, made) n. A maid who has charge of bedrooms. *Cha-me-le-on (ka-me'le^un), n. A lizard of changeable hues. *Cha-mois (sha-m6e / , sham'me, or sham'wa), n. An animal of the goat kind; a soft leather. *Cham-o-mile ) (kain' n - See CH <> RE - *Char-ac-ter (kar'akHur), n. A mark, a stamp ; a letter ; the pe- culiar qualities of a person or thing ; a personage : reputation. [53.] [100-33.] [192-9.] Char-ac-te-ris-tic ( N kar-ak-te- rls'rik), a. Pointing out the true character [51-26] : — «., that which constitutes the character. [198-13.] *CHAR-AC-TE-RiZE(kar'ak-teVl7:e), v. t. To describe by peculiar qualities ; to give a character ; to distinguish ; to mark. Char'ac-te v ri-zing, p. prs, Cha-rade (sha-rade'), n. An enig- ma describing the objects ex- pressed by each part of a word, and then by the word itself; as, My first bites, My second fights, My total frights. Answer : — BUG-BEAR. Char-coal (tshar'k6le), n. A coal made by burning wood under turf. Charge (tsharje), v. t. To impute as a debt ; to accuse ; to attack ; to command ; to load (ap. p. — on or against a person ; with a thing) [384-20]* — n., care, trust, custody; command; accusation ; thing intrusted; expense, cost; attack ; the quantity of powder and ball required to load a gun. [372-18.] *Char'ging, p. prs. Char'ged, p. prf. ^Char-ge-d'Af-f aires (shar'zha- daf-fare'), n. A foreign minister of the lowest class. Char'ges-d'-Af-faires', n. pi. *Charge-a-ble (tsharje'a x bl), a. Subject to charge ; accusable. Charge-a-ble-ness (tsharje'a'bl- nes), n. Expense, costliness. Charge-a-bly (tsharje'a'ble), ad. Expensively. *Char-ger (tshar'jur), n. A large dish ; a war-horse ; one who charges. [368-16.] *Cha-ri-ly (tsha'rele), ad. Care- fully, warily ; frugally. Cha-ri-ness (tsha'r^nes), n. Care, caution; nicety. Char-i-ot (tshar'e'ut), n. A car- carriage of pleasure or state ; an ancient war-car. CHA n5r, n&t- CHA -tube, tub, bull — oil — p6und — thin, this. CHE *CHAR-i-OT-EER(Hsh&r-&-ut-te£r / )> n. One who drives a chariot. Char-i-ta-ble (tshar'eHa-bl), a. Kind in giving alms or in judg- ing of others; benevolent; lib- eral. [383-23.] Char-i-ta-bly (tshar'eHa-ble), ad. Kindly ; liberally ; benevolently. Char-i-ty (tshar'eHe), n. Kind- ness in giving or judging ; alms ; benevolence; candor. [97-30.] Charities, n. pi. *Char-la-tan (shar'laHan), n. A quack,amounteback; a pretender. Charm (tsharm), n. Something of power to gain the affections ; en- chantment: — v, t., to enchant; to . fascinate ; to affect with delight. [62.] [lightful ; highly pleasing. Charm-ing (tsharm'ing), a. De- Charm-er (tsharrn'ur), n. One who enchants or charms. Charm-ing-ly (tsharm'ing^le), ad. Delightfully, pleasantly. Charm-ing-ness (tsharni'lng^e's), n. The power of pleasing. *Char-nel-House (tshar'n^l- N h6use), n. A place where the bones of the dead are deposited. Char'nel- Hous-es, n. pi. Char-ry (tshar're), a. Charred. Chart (tshart), n. A delineation of coasts, isles, &c. ; a map. Char-ter (tshar'tur), n. Any wri- ting bestowing rights or privi- leges; a patent; grant [37-21]: — v. t., to establish by charter ; to incorporate; to hire or en- gage, as a ship. *Char-ter-ed (tshar'turd), a. Privileged ; incorporated ; hired. *Cha-ry (tsha're), a. Cautious, wary. Chase (tshase),u.£.To hunt, pursue, emboss: — n., pursuit; that which is pursued; ground abounding Cha'sing, p. prs. [in game. * Chasm (kazm), n. A cleft, gap, opening; a vacuity. [37-30.1 [178-3.] Chaste (tshaste), a. Pure, in- corrupt; modest; without ob- scenity.f Chaste-ly (tshaste'le), ad. In a chaste manner. Chast-en (tshast'en), v. t. To make chaste or modest ; to puri- fy ; to subdue vanity or impurity. [47-3.]f CHAST-EN-iNGftshast'eVlng),^.^™. Chast-en-ed (tshast'e'nd), p. prf. Chast-en-er (tshast'en x ur), n. One who makes chaste or pure. Chast-en (tshast'en or tshas'sn), v. t. To chastise ; to punish ; to correct, j- Chast-en-ing (tshast'e'nlng or tshas'snlng), p. prs. Chast-en-ed (tshast'e'nd or tshas'- snd), p. prf. CHAST-EN-ER(tshast / ^n v drortshas / - sn^ur), 7i. One who chastises or corrects. ^^** The above-noted distinc- tions between the pronuncia- tion of the verbs chasten, to __ make chaste, and chasten, to chastise, and their derivatives, are proposed for adoption. The prevalent usage does not dis- criminate between a " chast- ened'^ chastised) and a "chast- ened" (purijied)hemg; between a " chastener" (chastiser) and a " chastener" (purifier) of immodesty ; nor between a "chastening" (chastising) and a " chastening" (purifying) power, &c. Chaste-ness (tshaste'ne's), n.Chas- tity; purity. *Chas-tise (tshas-tlze'), v. t. To punish ; to correct ; to chasten. Chas-ti'sing, p. prs. Chas-tise-ment (tshas'tlzWut),^ Correction ; punishment. *Chas-ti-ty (tshas'teHe), n. Pu- rity of body or language; mod- esty. [267.] Chas'ti^ties, n. pi. Chat (tshat), v. i. To prattle ; to talk familiarly : — n., familiar talk. Chat'ting, p. prs. *Chat'ted, p. prf *Chat-eau (shat t6), n. A castle ; a country-seat. Chat / eaus, \ 7 *Chat'eaux, j nm P L Chat-tel (tshat'tl), n. Any mov- able property ; furniture. Chat-ter (tshat'tur), v. i. To make a noise, as birds; to talk idly : — n., noise of a monkey or bird; idle prate. [210-25.] *Chat-ty (tshat'te), a. Disposed to talk; conversing freely. Cheap (tsheep), a. Bearing a low price; common. *Cheap-en (tshee'pn), v. t. To attempt to purchase ; to make cheap ; to lessen the value of. Cheap-ly (tsheep'le), ad. At a small price ; at a low rate. Cheap-ness (tsheep'n^s), n. Low- ness of price. Cheat (tsheet), v. t. To defraud, impose upon ; to beguile : — n., a fraud, trick, imposture; one who defrauds. Cheat-er (tsheet'ur), n. One who practices fraud. Check (tshek), v. t. To repress ; to curb: — v. i., to stop; to clash, interfere : — n., restraint, curb; re- proof; a kind of cloth. [368-12.] *Check-er (tshek'kiir), v, t. To variegate or diversify with cross lines [103] : — n. pi, a game played on a checkered board. Check-mate (tsheVniate), v. t. To defeat by a movement ; to put in check : — n., a movement in chess that gains and ends the game. Cheek (tsheek), ;i. The side of the face below the eye. Cheer (tshe£r), n. Entertainment ; gayety ; state of gladness : — v. t., to incite, encourage ; to gladden, animate, console : — v. i., to grow gay or cheerful. [374-26.] 87 CHE CHI Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, m§t — pine, pin — no, m5ve, CHI Cheer-ful (tsheer'ful), a. Gay, lively; exhibiting animation. Cheer-ful-ly (tsheer'fdl x le), ad. In a cheerful manner ; with readiness. Cheer-ftjl-ness (tsh^er'fdl N n§s), n. Freedom from dejection; ani- mation, gayety, mirth. Cheer-less (tshe&r'les), a. With- out gayety or gladness ; dreary. Cheer-ly (tsheer'le), a. Cheerful, gay,notgloomy: — ad., cheerfully. Cheer-y (tsheer'e), a. Gay, merry. Cheese (tsheeze), n. A food made of the curd of milk. Cheese-cake (tsheeze'kake), w. A cake made of curds, sugar, &c. #Cheese-mon-ger (tshe&ze'mung- v gur), n. One who deals in cheese. Chem-i-cal (k§m'e r kal), a. Per- taining to chemistry. *Chem-i-c al-ly (kem'e v kal-le), ad. In a chemical manner. Che-mise (she-meez'), n. A shift Chem-ist (keWlst), n. One versed in chemistry. *Chem-is-try (kem'lsHre), n. The science which investigates the composition, nature, and proper- ties of matter. Cheq'uer. See checker. Cher-ish (tsheVish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, cherishes.] To support; to shelter; to hold dear. [32-26.] [330-14.] Cher-ish-er (tsheVishMr), n. One who cherishes. Cher-ry (tsher're), n. A tree and its fruit : — a., red like a cherry. *Cher'ries, n. pi. Cher-ub (tsheVub), n. A celestial spirit; an angel. Cher'u v bim, ) 7 , Cher'ubs, j n -^-t CHER-u-Bic(tsheVu N bik),a.Angelic. *Cher-up (tsheVup), v. i. To chirp ; to use a cheerful voice. Chess (tshe\s), n. An intricate game played on a board divided into squares. Chess-Board (tsheVb6rd), n. A board for playing chess on. Chess-Man (tshes'man), n. A piece for chess. Chess '-Men, n. pi. Chest (tshe'st), n. A large box or coffer. * Chest-nut (tsheVnut or tshSst' nut), n. A tree and its fruit : — a., of the color of a chestnut; brown. *Chev-a-lier ( x shev-a-leeV), n. A knight. *CHEV-AUX-DE-FRISE( V sh§V-6-d§- fr&ez'), n. sing, or pi. A piece of timber furnished with spikes, used in defending a passage. *Chew (tsh66), v. t. To grind with the teeth ; to masticate ; to taste without swallowing: — v. %., to champ upon ; to ruminate : — n., a piece to be chewed. *Chi-cane (she-kane'), ) Chi-ca-ner-y (she-ka'nurV&), J n ' ; Shift; evasion; sophistry; an artifice ; a trick. [257-19.] *Chi-ca'ner n ies, n. pi. Chic-co-ry (tshlk'k^Ve), n. A plant; succory. Chick (tshik), ] n. The Chick-en (tshik'ln), J young of a hen ; a word of tenderness. *Chick-en-He art-ed (tshlk'in- x hart-ed), a. Cowardly, fearful, timorous. Chick-en-Pox (tshik'ln x p6ks), n. An eruptive disease. Chid, pst. t. and p. prf. of chide. Chide (tshide), v. t. [chid — chid- den, or chid.] To reprove ; to blame, reproach : — v. i., to clam- or ; to scold. *Chi'ding, p. prs. Chief (tsheef ), a. Principal ; most eminent; highest in office : — n., a commander ; one who takes control. Chief-Jus-tice ( v tsheef-jus'tls), n. The presiding judge in courts of law. *Chief-ly (tsheef'le), ad. Prin- cipally ; eminently. *Chief-tain (tsheef'tln), n. A leader; a commander; the head of a clan. -Chil-blain (tshil'blane), n. A sore caused by frost. Child (tshlld), n. An infant or very young person ; an infant son or daughter. Chil'dren, n. pi. Child-hood (tshlld'hud), n. The state of children; infancy; the properties of a child. Child'ish (tshlld'ish), a. Like a child ; trifling ; puerile. Child-ish-ly (tshild'ishHe), ad. In a childish, trifling way. Child-ish-ness (tshild'ish x ne , s), n. Simpleness ; puerility. Child-less (tshild'l£s), a. With- out children. Child-like (tshlld'like), a. Be- coming a child; submissive,meek. Chill (tshil), a. Cold ; dejected ; discouraged: — n., a shivering; a cold : — v. t., to make cold ; to depress. *Chil-li-ness (tsh!l'le x n§s), n. A sensation of shivering. *Chill-ness (tshil'nAs), n. Cold- ness, want of warmth, chilliness. Chil-ly (tsbil'l£), a. [chillier — chilliest.] Somewhat cold. Chime (tshlme), n. The corres- pondence of sound; the sound of -bells struck with hammers; a set of bells ; the edge of a cask [136-23] [302-10] :— v. i., to sound in harmony ; to agree ; to jingle : — v. t., to sound in har- ^Chi'ming, p. prs. [mony. *Chi-me-ra (ke-me'ra), n. A vain and wild fancy; illusion. *Chi-mer-i-cal (ke-meYe^kal), a. Imaginary; fanciful. CHi-MER-i-cAL-LY(ke-m^r / ^kal-le) ad.In a chimerical manner, wildly. *Chim-ney (tshim'ne), n. A pass- age for smoke ; a flue. CHI CHO nSr, n&t— tube, tub, bull— oil— p5und—^in, THis. CHO *CHiM-NEY-PiECE(tshlm'ne v peese) n. The ornamental piece around the fire-place. Chin (tshln), n. The lower part of the face. Ohi-na (tsbl'na), n. Fine earthen- ware; porcelain. *Chin-cough (tshln'k6f), n. A violent and convulsive cough. *Chine (tshine), n. The back- bone ; the end of a barrel or cask : — v. t., to cut into chines. Chi'ning, p. prs. Chink (tshlngk), n. A small aper- ture; an opening [216-20] : — v. t., to shake so as to make a sound : — v. i., to sound by stri- king each other. *Chintz (tshints), n. Cotton cloth printed with flowers, colors, Ac. Chip (tship), v. t. To cut into small pieces [186-18] : — n., a small piece cut off ; a fragment. Chip'ping, p. prs. : — n., a fragment *Chip'ped, p. prf. [cut off. Chi-rog-ra-pher (kl-r6g'gra N fur), CHi-ROG-RA-PHiST(kl-r6g'gra v flst), n. One who practices writing. Chi-ro-graph-ic (Md-r6-graflk), Chi-ro-graph-ic-al ( x kl-r6-graf- ik-al), a. Relating to handwriting. *Chi-rog-ra-phy (kl-r&g'gra^fe), n. The art of writing,handwriting. Chi-rog'raVhies, n. pi. *Chi-rol-o-gy (kl-rSWje),n. The art of conversing by manual signs. *Chi-ro-man-cy (ki'rd N man-se), n. The art of predicting from an inspection of the hand. Chi-rop-o-dist (kl-r6p'd v dlst), n. A surgeon who removes corns, bunions, &a. Chirp (tsherp), v. i. To make a cheerful noise, as birds : — n., the voice of birds or insects. Chir-rup (tshir'rup), v. t. To cheer up ; to animate ; to quicken. *Chis-el (tshlz'il), n. An instru- ment to cut or pare wood, stone, or iron : — v. L, to cut with a chisel. s'ei/ling, ) Chis Cms *Chis'el-led. } /. Chis'el-eb, \P-Prf- Chit (tshit), n. A child ; a shoot of corn : — v. i., to sprout. Chit'ting, p. prs. *Chit'ted, p. prf. Chit-chat (tshit'tshat), n. Idle talk; prattle. *Chi-val-ric (she-val'rlk), 1 Chiv-al-ric (tshlv'alVik), J See chivalrous. Chiv-al-ro us (shlv'alYus or tshiv'- al x rus), a. Pertaining to chiv- alry ; gallant, knightly, warlike, chivalric. *Chiv-al-ry (shlv'alVe or tshiv'- aPre), n. Knighthood, a mili- tary dignity; heroic adventure. [68-31.] [267-19.] Chiv'aiAries, n. pi. Chives (tshlvz), n. pi. The fila- ments in flowers. Chlo-rine (kl6'rin), n. A green- ish-yellow gas. Chlo-ride ) (klo'rld), n. A com- Chlo-rid j pound of chlorine and a simple body. Chlo-ro-form (kl6'r6 r f6rm), n. A volatile liquid made by distilling alcohol with chloride of lime. *Choc-o-late (tsh6k'6Het), n. A preparation made of the cocoa- nut; the liquor made by a solu- tion of chocolate. Choice (tshoise), n. -The power or act of choosing; election; the thing chosen : — a., select ; of great value. [222-33.] Choice-ly (tshdlse'le), ad. With exact choice ; curiously. *Choice-ness (tshdlse'nls), n. Ex- cellence, nicety, particular value. *Choir (kwire), n. A band of singers ; the part of the church where the singers are placed. Choke (tsh6ke), v. t. To suffocate ; to stop or block up a passage ; to suppress : — v. i. f to be choked. 8* CHO'KING, p. prs. Cho'ked, p. prf. *Choke-Pear (tsh6ke'pare), n. A rough, unpalatablo pear. Chol-er (k61'ltir), n. Anger, rage ; the bile. Chol-e-ra (k&l'eVa), n. A malig- nant disease of the bowels. *Chol-er-ic (k61'lur v lk), a. Angry, irascible, passionate. Choose (tshddze), v. t. [chose — chosen.] To select; to pick out; to prefer: — v. i., to have the power of choice. Choos'ing, p. prs. *Choos-er (tsh66z'ur), n. On© who chooses. Chop (tsh6p), v. t. To cut with a quick blow ; to mince : — v. i., to do any thing with a quick mo- tion : — n., a small piece of meat; a crack or cleft. Chop'ping, p. prs. : — a., large, well grown. * Chop'ped, p. prf. CHOP'FALL-EN,a. See CHAPF ALLEN. Chop-House (tshSp'house), n. A house of ready entertainment. Chop-per (tsh6p'pur), n. One who chops. Chop-py (tsh6p r pe), a. Full of cracks. Chop-sticks (tsh&p'stiks), n. pi. Two sticks, used by the Chinese in eating. *Cho-ral (k6'ral), a. Belonging to a choir. "*Chord (kSrd), n. The string of a musical instrument; a right line which joins the two ends of an arc ; harmony : — v. t., to fur- nish with strings. *Chore (tshore), n. A small job of work ; work done by the day. *Chor-is-ter (kSr'ls x ter or kwlr'- IsHur), n. A singer in cathedrals ; the leader of a choir. *Cho-rog-ra-phy (ko-r6g / graYe), n. The art of describing particul ar regions or forming maps of places. CHR CHIT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, CIC Cho-rog'ra v phies, n. pi. *Cho-rus (ko'rus), n. A number of singers in concert; verses of a song in which the company join the singer. Cho'rus x es, n. pi. Chose (tshoze), pst. t. of choose. *Cho'sen (tsh6'zn), p. prf. of choose. [sea-bird. ^Chough (tshuf), n. A kind of *Chouse (tsh6use), v. t. To cheat; to trick: — rc.a tool; a trick or sham. Chous'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Chous-ing (tshdus'ing), p. prs. Chous-ed (tshdust), p. prf. *Chow-der (tshdu'der), n. Food made of a preparation of fish. *Chrism (krlzm), n. Unction ; con- secrated oil. [the Anointed. Christ (krlst), n. The Messiah; *Christ'en (krls'sn), v. t. To bap- tize and name. *Christ-en-ing (kris'sn^ing), n. The ceremony of baptism. Christ-en-dom (krls'snMum), n. The portion of the world inhab- ited by Christians ; the collective ' body of Christians. #Chris-tian (krist'yun), n. A professor of the religion of Christ: — a., pertaining to Christ or Christianity: baptismal. Chris-tian-i-ty (krls-tyan'eH£ or x krls-tshe-an'e-te), n. The re- ligion of Christians. *CHRis-TiAN-izE(kr!s'tyun r lze),v.£. To convert to Christianity. Chris'tianVzing, p. prs. Chris-tian-ly (krls'tyunHe), ad. In a Christian manner. *Chris-tian-Name (kris'tyun- x name), n. The name given at baptism. *Christ-mas (kris'mas), n. The festival of Christ's nativity, De- cember 25. [lating to color. *Chro-mat-ic (kri-mat'lk), a. Re- *Chrome (krome), | , CnRO-Mi-uM (kro'rae^um), J n ' grayish-white metal. 90 Chron-i-cal (kr6n'e x kal), ) a. Re- Chron-ic (kron'ik), j lating to time; of long duration. Chron-i-cle (kr6n'e N kl), n. A historical register of events ; an- nals ; a record : — v. t. f to record ; to register. Chronicling, p. prs. *Chron-i-cler (kr6n'e^klur), n. A historian ; a recorder of events. Chro-nol-o-ger (kro-n&lWjur), Chro-nol^o-gist (kr6-n61'lo , jist), % He that studies or records the dates of events. Chron-o-lo-gi-cal ( v kr6n-6-16j / e- x kal), a. Relating to chronology. *Chron-o-lo-gi-cal-ly fkr6n-o- 16j'e x kal-le), ad. By chronology. Chro-nol-o-gy (kr6-n6lWje), n. The science of computing and adjusting the periods of time or the dates of events. [226-26.] *Chro-nol'o v gies, n. pi. *Chro-nom-e-ter (kr6-n6m'e r tur), n. An instrument for the exact measuring of time. *Chrys-a-lis (krls'aHls), n. The state of an insect before it is winged ; the pupa : — see cater- pillar, [n.pl. Chry-sal-i-des (kris-sarlMees), *Chrys-o-lite (kris'6 N lite), n. A precious stone. Chub (tshub), n. A river-fish. Chub-by (tstmb'be), a. Plump. Chuck (tshdk), v. i. To make a noise like a hen : — v. t., to call as a hen ; to pitch ; to pat under the chin : — n., the voice of a hen ; a pat or light blow. *Chuck-le (tshuk'kl), v. i. To laugh inwardly with triumph : — v. t. f to call as a hen ; to fondle. Chuck'ling, p. prs. Chuff (tshuf), n. A blunt clown. Chuf-fy (tshuf'fe), a. Blunt, surly. Chum (tshum), n. A room-mate. Chump (tshump), *) n. A thick, Chunk (tshunk), J heavy piece of wood. * Church (tshiirtsh), n. The col- lective body of Christians; a sect of Christians; the place conse- crated to the worship of God : — v. t., to return thanks in church. Church'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Church-man (tshurtsh'man), n. A clergyman ; an Episcopalian. Church'men, n. pi. * Church- yard (tshurtsh'yard), «. A graveyard adjoining a church. Churl (tshurl), n. A rude, surly man ; a miser ; a niggard. *Churl-ish (tshurl'ish), a. Rude, brutal; surly; avaricious. Churl-ish-ly (tshurl'lsh x le), ad. Rudely; brutally. Churl-ish-ness (tshurl'lsh^nes), n. Rudeness of manners; niggard- liness. Churn (tshurn), n. The vessel in which butter is made : — v. t., to agitate ; to make butter by agi- tating milk. *Chyle (klle), n. The white juice formed in the stomach from chyme. *CHYL-i-FAc-TioN(Ml-e-fa.k'shun) n. The process of making chyle. *Chyme (klme), n. Food after it has undergone the action of the stomach. *CHYM-i-Fi-cA-TioN( x k!m-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. The process of form- ing chyme. Chym-is-try. See chemistry. *Cic-a-trice (slkWtris), ) Cic-a-trix (sik'aViks), J n ' The scar of a wound. CicVtric-es, n. pi. *Cic-a-tri-za-tion ( N sik-a-tre-za ; - shi\n), n. Act of healing a wound. *Cic-a-trize (sik'aHrlze), v. t. To heal a wound; to skin over. CicVtri-zing, p. prs. *Cic-er-o-ne ( x sls-e-r6'ne or Hshe- tshe-r6'ne), n. A guide; one who explains curiosities. x Cic-e-ro'nes, ) 7 ^Cic-e-ro'ni, J n 'P L CIR CIR nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. CIR Ci-der (sl'dur), n. The juice of apples fermented. *Ci-gar (se-gar'), n. A little roll of tobacco for smoking; a segar. *Cig-a-rette (\slg-a-ret')> w. A small cigar. *Cil-ia-ry (sil'yaVe), a. Belong- ing to the eyelids. [of hair. *Ci-li-cious (se-lish'us), a. Made *Cim-e-ter (slm'e'tur), n. A Turk- ish sword having a convex edge: — also written scimitar or scym- itar, and sometimes cimiter or SCBfETAR. *Cinc-ture (singk'tshur), n. A belt, a girdle ; a ring. Cin-der (sln'dur), n. Any thing burnt in the fire, but not re- duced to ashes ; a hot coal that has ceased to flame. Cin-e-ra-ry (sin'eVa-re), a. Re- lating to or like ashes. *Cin-e-ri-tious ( v sin-e-rlsh'us), a. Like ashes. Cin-gle (slng'gl), n. A girth for a horse. Cin-na-bar (sin'na v bar), n. An ore of quicksilver; vermilion; a paint, *Cin-na-mon (sin'na^mun), n. The fragrant bark of a tree in Ceylon. *Cinque (singk), n. Five. Cinque-Foil (singk'f611), n. A five-leaved clover. *Ci-on (sl'un), n. See scion. *Ci-pher j (si'fur), n. An arith- Cy-pher J metical character [ ] ; initial letters of a name inwoven ; a secret manner of writing: — v. i., to practice arithmetic: — v. t., to write in occult char- acters. Cir-cle (ser'kl), n. A figure bounded by a curved line having all parts equally distant from a common centre; a round body; a compass ; a company ; an orb : — v. t., to move round; to en- close, surround : — v. %., to move circularly. * Cir-cling, p. prs. : — a., round, circular. Cir-cled (seVkld), a. Having the form of a circle. Cir-clet (seVklit),n. A little circle. *Cir-cuit (ser'kit), n. The act of moving round; a circular space or extent ; a district visited reg- ularly by the judges of a court [158-15] : — v. i., to move cir- cularly. *Cir-ctj-i-totjs (ser-ku'eHus), a. Round about,not direct.[375-ll.] Cir-cu-lar (ser'ku^lur), a. Round like a circle ; spherical : — a., a letter or notice intended to be read by a number of persons. Cir-cu-lar-i-ty fser-ku-lar'e^te), n. State of being circular. Cir-ctt-lar-ly (ser'ku N lur-le), ad. In the form of a circle ; with a circular motion. Cir-cu-late (ser'ku x late), v. i. To move in a circle; to flow; to move around : — v. t. } to spread ; to diffuse. ^Cir'cu^la-ting, p. prs. Cir-cu-la-tion ( v ser-ku-la'shun), n. Motion in a circle ; extent of diffusion; currency of money. f Cir-cu-la-tor-y (ser'ku^la-turVe), a. Belonging to circulation ; circular. *Cir-ctjm-a:m-bi-ent ( x ser-kum~ am'be x ent), a. Surrounding. CiR-cmr-AM-BU-LATE ( v ser-kum- am'biiHate), v. i. To walk round. x Cir-cttm-am'bu v la-ting, p. prs. *Cir-cum-fe-rence (ser-kurn'fe- N rense), n. The line bounding a circle ; an orb ; a circle, peri- phery. [79-34.] Cir-cum-fe-ren-tial ( x ser-kum- fe-r^n'shal), a. Relating to the circumference. Cir-cum-flex (ser'kunOfleks), n. The accent [/\] used to mark a rise and fall of the voice on the same long syllable. *Cir'cum x flex-es, n.pl. CiR-cuji-FLU-ENT(ser-kum'flu N ent) *CiR-cuM-FLU-ous(ser-kum / flu N ds) a. Flowing around. Cir-ctjm-fuse ( x ser-kum-fuze')^. t. To pour around. •^ClR-CTTM-Fu'siNG, p. prs. Cir-cum-fu-sion ( X s^r-kum-fu'- zhiin), n. The act of spreading round. *Cir-cum-gy-ra-tion fser-kum- jl-ra'shun), n. A whirling round. *Cir-cum-ja-cent ( v ser-kurn-ja/- sent), a. Surrounding ; lying round. Cir-cttm-lo-ctt-tion ( x ser-kum-16- ku'shun), n. A circuit of words; the use of indirect expressions : periphrasis; wordiness. *Cir-cttm-loc-tj-tor-y ( x ser-kum- 16k'u x tur-re), a. Needlessly dif- fuse in speech; wordy; verbose; periphrastical. Cir-cum-nav-i-ga-ble ( v ser-kum- nav r e'ga-bl), a. That may be sailed round. Cir-cum-nav-i-gate ( y ser-kum- nav'e x gate), v. t. To sail round. * N ClR-CTJM-NAV'l V GA-TING, p. p?'8. Cir-cum-nav-i-ga-tion (^r-kftin- v nav-e-ga'shun), n. The act of sailing round. Cir-cum-nav-i-ga-tor ( r ser-kum- nav'e N ga-tur), n. One who sails round. Cir-cum-po-lar ( x ser-kurn-p6'- lar), a. Near or around the pole. Cir-cum-ro-ta-tion ( v ser-kum-r6- ta'shun), n. The act of whirl- ing round. *Cir-cttm-ro-ta-ry ^ser-kurn-^'- turVe), a. Revolving, whirling. Cir-cum-scrib-A-ble ( v ser-kurn- skrib'a^bl), a. That ma} T be cir- cumscribed : — sometimes written CIRCTJMSCRIPTIBLE. Cir-cum-scribe ( x ser-kum-skribe') v. t. To enclose; to bound; to limit. [95-2.] * n Cir-cum-scri'bing, p. prs. 91 CIR CIT Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — m&, mSt — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, CLA Cir-cum-scrip-tion ( v ser-kum- skrip'shun), n. Limitation ; boundary. ♦Cir-cum-scrip-tive (^ser-ktlm- skrlp'tiv), a. Enclosing the limits. Cir-ctjm-spect (seVkum N spe 1 kt), a. Wary, cautious, watchful, dis- creet, prudent. Cir-cum-spec-tion ( N se ! r-kum- speVshun), n. "Watchfulness, caution; discretion, prudence. Cir-cttm-spect-ive (^ser-kum- spe'kt'lv), a. Attentive, vigilant, cautious. ♦ClR-CUM-SPECT-IVE-LY^SeVkllm- spe'kt'ivHe), ad. Cautiously ; vigilantly. Cir-cum-spect-ly (seVkum x spe ! kt- 1&), ad. Watchfully, vigilantly. *CiR-cuM-STANCE(seVkiWstanse), n. Accident; incident; event; state of affairs [78-5] : — v. t., to place in a particular situation. *Cir'cum x stan-cing, p. prs. Cir-cum-stan-tial ( v ser-kum- stan'shal), a. Accidental ; not essential ; detailed ; minute. [192-11.] *ClR-CUM-STAN-TlAL-LY( V S^r-kum- stan'shaHe), ad. According to circumstances ; minutely ; ex- actly. *ClR-CTTM-STAN-TI-ATE ( V s£r-kum- stan'she'ate), v. t. To place in particular circumstances. ^Cir-cum-stan'ti^a-ting, p. prs. Cir-cum-val-late ( v se'r-kum-val'- late), v. t. To surround with a wall or rampart. ^Cir-cum-val'la^ting, p. prs. Cir-cum-val-la-tion (^r-kum val-la'shun), n. The fortification round a place besieged. Cir-Cum-vent ^ser-kum-vSnt'), v. t. To deceive; to cheat; to overreach. #Cir-ctjm-ven-tion (^se'r-kum veVshun), n. Fraud, imposture, cheat; deception. 92 Cir-cum-ven-tive (^r-kum-veV- tlv), a. Deluding by trick ; deceiving. Cir-cum-vest f se ! r-kum-ve ! st'), v. t. To cover round with a garment ; to surround ; to clothe. Cir-cum-vo-la-tion (^Sr-kum-vo- la'shun), n. The act of flying round. Cir-cum-volve ( x s5r-kum-v61v'), v. t. To roll round : — v. i., to revolve. * ClR-CUM-VOLV'lNG, p. prs. Cir-cum-vo-lu-tion (se'r-kum-vd- lu'shun), 7i. A rolling or turn- ing round. *Cir-cus (seVkus), n. An en- closed space for games or feats of horsemanship. Cir'cus v es, n. pi. *Cis-al-pine (sls-al'plne or sis- M'pln), a. South of the Alps. Cis-at-lan-tic ( x sis-at-lan'tlk), a. On this side of the Atlantic. *Cis-tern (sls'turn), n. A recep- tacle for water; a reservoir; a vessel to hold water. Cit (sit), n. An inhabitant of a city. *Cit-a-del (sltTdel), n. A fort- ress or castle near a city. Ci-tal (sl'tal), n. A summons; a notice ; a citation ; a quotation. *Ci-ta-tion (sl-ta'shun), n. The calling a person before the judge; quotation ; enumeration. *Cite (site), v. t. To summon to answer in a court ; to quote ; to call in proof. [349.] Ci'ting, p. prs. Ci-ter (sl'tur), n. One who cites. *Cit-i-zen (slt'e^zn), n. A free- man of a city or country; an inhabitant. Cit-i-zen-ship (slt'e^zn-shlp), n. The state of being a citizen. Cit-rine (slt'rln), a. Lemon-col ored : — n., a species of quartz. Cit-ron (slt'run), n. A kind of large lemon. Cit-y (sit'te), n. A large town in- corporated : — a.,relating to a city *Cit'ies, n. pi. Civ-et (slvlt), n. A quadruped : — a.,the perfume from the civet-cat. Civ-ic (slv'lk), a. Relating to civil affairs or honors. Civ-il (slvll), a. Relating to the community; political; intestine; not military; complaisant; gen- teel, well bred. [334.] [251-17.] 7j&§^ Civil is opposed to mili- tary ; as, civil engineer : — to military and naval ; as, civil architecture : — to martial, ecclesiastical, commercial, mar- itime, international, &c. ; as, civil law : — to foreign ; as, civil war : — to solar and leap; as, civil year : — and to crimi- nal ; as, civil suit. *Ci-vil-ian (se-vll'yan), n. A professor of the civil law; one in a civil capacity. Ci-vil-i-ty (se-vil'le'te), n. The quality of being civil : courtesy, politeness ; complaisance ; re- finement. [251-1.] *Ci-vilVties, n. pi. Civ-i-Li-zA-TiON(W-£-l£-za'shun) n. The state of being civilized ; the act of civilizing. [54-17.] *Civ-il-ize (slv'irize), v. t. To reclaim from savageness ; to instruct in arts and refinement. [379-17.] Civ'ilVzing, p. prs. *Civ-il-ly (slv'iPle), ad. In a civil manner; politely. Clack (klak), n. Any thing that makes a sharp, continuous noise ; incessant talk : — v. i., to make a sudden, sharp noise. Clad, pst. t. a,n& p. prf. of clothe : — a., clothed; invested. Claim (klame), v.t. To demand of right; to profess ownership of: — t?., a demand; a title; the object claimed ; a pretension. [110-21.] CLA CLA nSr, nSt— tube, tub, bdll — 611— pSund— thin, thIs. CLE *CLAiM-A-BLE(kUme , ^bl),a. That may be demanded. Claim-ant (klame'ant), 1 n. One Claim-er (klame'ur), J who claims. *CLAiR-YOY-ANCE(klare-v61 / anse), n. Discernment, through mes- meric influence, of objects invis- ible to the senses in their usual state ; clear-sightedness. Clair-voy-ant (klare-vM'ant), a. Capable of clairvoyance : — n., a person capable of clairvoyance. Clam (klam), v. t. To clog with glutinous matter: — «.,a shell-fish. Clam'ming, p. prs. Clamm'ed, p. prf. Clam-ber (klain'bur), v. i. To climb with difficulty. *Clam-mi-ness (klam'me'ne's), n. Stickiness, viscidity. Clam-my (klam'me), a. [clammier — clammiest.] Glutinous, slimy. *Clam-or (klam'ur), n. Outcry, uproar : — v. i., to make outcries. Clam-or-ous (klam'urNls), a. Vo- ciferous, noisy with the tongue. Clamp (klamp), n. A piece of wood joined to another to strengthen it : — v. t., to strengthen by means of a clamp. Clan (klan), n. A family ; a race; a tribe. [16-20.] [242-25.] *Clan-des-tine (klan-des'tln), a. Secret, hidden, concealed. Clan-des-tine-ly (klan-deVtln- v le), ad. Secretly. Clang (klang), n. A sharp, shrill noise: — v. i., to clatter, make a loud, shrill noise. [75-10.] *Clan-gor (klang'gur), n. A loud, shrill sound. Clank (klangk), n. A shrill, sharp noise, as of chains rattling. Clap (klap), v. t. To strike to- gether so as to make a noise ,• to praise by clapping the hands : — n., the noise of thunder; an ex- plosion ; an act of applause. Clap'ping, p. prs. *Clap'ped, p. prf. *Clap-board (klab'burd), n. A thin, narrow board. Clap-per (klap'pur), n. One who claps,* the tongue of a bell. Clap-trap (klap'trap), n. An ar tifice to gain applause. *Clare-Ob-scure (' v klare-6b- skure'), n. Light and shade in painting. *Clar-et (klar'et), n. A species of French wine. Clar-i-fi-ca-tion ( x klar-£-fe-ka'- shun), n. The act of clarifying. Clar-i-fy (klar'e x fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, clarifies.] To purify ; to make clear; to brighten. *Clar'i v fi-ed, p. prf. Clar-i-net fklar-e-net')* \ *CLAR-i-o-NET( x klar-e-6-n£t / ), j n ' A wind-instrument of music ; a kind of hautboy. *Clar-ion (klar'e'un or klar'yun), n. A trumpet. [61.] Clar-i-ttjde (klar'e N tude), n. Clearness. Clar-i-ty (klar'eHe), n. Bright- ness, splendor. Clash (klash), v. i. To act in op- position ; to interfere : — v. t., to strike one thing against another : — n., a noisy collision of two bod- ies; opposition; contradiction. Clash'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Clasp (klasp), n. A hook for fas- tening ; an embrace : — v. t., to shut with a clasp ; to embrace. Clas-per (klas'pur), n. The ten- dril of creeping plants; he or that which clasps. Class (klas), n. A rank or order; a division, set [379] : — v. t., to range according to a stated method ; to rank ; to classify. Class'es, n. pi. and prs. t, 3. *Clas-si-cal (klas'se N kal), ) Clas'sic (klas'sik), J °" Relating to authors of the first rank; elegant; Greek or Latin.f Clas-sic (klas'sik), n. An author of the first rank; one versed in classic learning. [163-19.] Clas-sif-ic (klas-siflk), a. Con- stituting or denoting a class. *Clas-si-fi-ca-tion fklas-se-fe- ka'shun), n. A ranging into classes. [159-9.] Clas-si-fy (klas'se x fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, classifies.] To range into classes ; to class. ^Clas'siVi-ed, p. prf. Clas-sis (klas'sls), n. Order, sort. Clas-ses (klas'seez), n. pi. Clat-ter (klat'tur), v. i. To make a confused noise; to talk fast and idly: — v. t., to dispute; to clamor ; to cause to rattle : — n., any rattling sound. Clause (klawz), n. A part of a sentence ; an article. *Claus'es, n. pi. Claw (klaw), n. The foot of a beast or bird armed with sharp nails : — v. t. f to tear with claws ; to scratch. Claw-ed (klawd), p. prf : — a., armed with claws. Clay (kla), n. Tenacious earth : — v. t. f to cover with clay. Clay-Cold (kla'kdld), a. Cold as clay; lifeless. *Clay-ey (kla'e), a. Consisting of clay ; like clay. Clay-more (kla'm6re), n. A large sword wielded by both hands; a Highlander's sword. Clean (kleen), a. Free from dirt, impurity, or defect; innocent; elegant, neat: — ad., quite; per- fectly ; fully : — v. t., to free from dirt. *Clean-li-ness (kleVleWs), n. Freedom from dirt; neatness. Clean-ly (klSn'le), a. Free from dirt; clean; pure. Clean-ly (kleen'le), ad. Neatly, elegantly. *Clean-ness (kleen'nSs), n. Pa- rity; neatness; freedom from filth. 93 CLE CLI Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, CLO Clean-sa-ble (klen'zaH)l), a. That may be cleansed. Cleanse (klSnz), v. t. To free from dirt ; to purify ; to clean. *Clean'sing, p. prs. Clear (kleer), a. Bright; trans- parent ; serene ; not obscure ; apparent ; guiltless ; free from obscurity, mixture, or defect; not entangled : — ad., clean ; quite ; wholly ; completely : — v. t., to brighten ; to free ; to justify ; to discharge ; to cleanse (ap. p. — of) : — v. i., to grow bright; to be- come free from obscurities. *Clear-ance (kleeVanse), n. A permit for a vessel to leave port ; act of clearing. Clear-ly (kleer'le), ad. Brightly, plainly, evidently. Clear-ness (kleeVne's), n. Trans- parency; brightness; plainness. *Clear-sight-ed (kleer-slte'Sd), a. Discerning; judicious. *Cleat (kleet), n. A piece of wood for fastening or strength- ening. Cleav-age (kleeVije), n. The act or manner of splitting. Cleave (kleev), v. i. [cleft or CLOVE — CLEFT OT CLOVEN.] To adhere, to stick ; to unite : — v. L, to divide with violence ; to split. *Cleav'ing, p. prs. Clea-ver (klee'vtlr), n. A butch- er's chopper. Clef (kl^f), n. A mark in music which shows the key. Cleft (kl^ft), p. prf. of cleave : — n., a space made by splitting ; a crack, fissure. Clem-en-cy (kleWeVse), n. Com- passion, mercy ; mildness. *Clem'en v cies, n. pi. Clem-ent (kllm'ent), a. Mild, gentle, merciful. Cler-gy (kler'je), n. The body of men set apart for the service of God ; the priesthood. #Cler'gies, n.pl, 94 CLER-GY-MAN(kler'je y man), n. One of the clergy. Cler'gy x men, n. pi. *Cler-i-cal (kleVe^kal), a. Re- lating to the clergy ; belonging to a clerk. Clerk (klark or klerk), n. A writer for another; a bookkeeper; a church official. Clerk-ly (klark'le or kleWle), ad. Like a clerk ; learned. Clerk-ship (klark'shlp or kle'rk'- ship), n. The office of a clerk. Clev-er (klev'ur), a. Dexterous, skilful; adroit; kind-hearted; good-natured. Clev-er-ly (kleVuVte), ad. Dex terously, skilfully. Clev-er-ness (kleVur^nSs), rc. Dexterity, skill. Clev-y (klev've), w. A bent iron for the end of a plough. Clev'ies, n.pl. Clew (klu), n. Thread wound into a ball ; a guide ; a direction :- v. t., to raise sails : — the noun is usually written clue. Click (kllk), v. i. To make a sharp, small noise: — n., a sharp sound ; a latch, as of a door. Cli-ent (kll'Snt), n. One who em ploys a lawyer; a dependant. Cliff (klif), n. A steep rock; a precipice. [126-9.] [305-4.] *Clim-ac-ter-ic ( v kllm-ak-ter'lk or kll-mak'turlk), a. Denoting critical periods of life : — w., a crit- ical year or period in human life. Cli-mate (kli'mate), n. The con- dition of a tract of land with re- spect to temperature, moisture, &c. [56-1.] [325-18.] Cli-mat-ic (kl£-mat'lk), a. Rela- ting to climate. [acclimate. Cli-ma-tize (kll'maHlze), v. U To Cli'maVi-zing, p. prs. Cli-max (kll'maks), n. Gradation; ascent ; a figure in rhetoric by which the impression is increased step by step. }.- Cli'max n es, n. pi. Climb (kllme), v. t. To ascend; to mount with effort. *Climb-er (kllme'ur), n. One who or that which climbs. Clime (kllme), n. Climate, region. Clinch (kllnsh), v. t. To hold fast ; to grasp ; to rivet ; to fix [346-2] : — n., a pun ; a fast hold ; a part of a cable. Clinch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3, Clinch-er (kllnsh'ur), n. An iron cramp ; that which makes fast ; one who clinches. Cling (kllng), v. i. [clung — clung.] To hang upon by twi- ning round ; to adhere. Clin-ic (klln'lk), n. A patient who is confined to bed. *Clin-i-cal (klln'e x kal), Clin-ic (klln'lk), Pertaining to a bed. Clink (kllngk), v. i. To make a slightly ringing sound : — n., a sharp, slightly ringing noise. *Clinq-uant (kllngk'ant), a. Glit- tering. Clip (klip), v. t, To cut with shears; to curtail; to confine. Clip'ping, p. prs. : — n., the part clipped off. *Clip'ped (kllpt), p. prf. Clip-per (kllp'piir), n. One that clips ; a fast-sailing vessel. Cloak (kl6ke), n. The outer gar- ment; a cover; a disguise; a pretext: — v. t., to cover with a cloak; to hide, conceal. Clock (kl6k), n. An instrument to show time; ornament on a stocking ; an insect. Clock-ma-ker (kl6k'ma^kur), n. One who makes clocks. Clock-work (kl6k'wiirk), n. The works of a clock ; well-adjusted machinery. Clod (kl6d), n. A lump of earth or clay; a turf; a dull fellow: — v. i., to gather into lumps ; to coagu- late : — v. t., to pelt with clods. CLO CLO n3r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, THis. CLU Clod'ding, p. pra. Clod'ded, p. prf Clod-dy (klod'de), a. Full of clods; gross; hard. Clod-hop-per (kl6d'h6p r pur), n. A clown. Clod-pate (kl6d'pate), ) n *Clod-poll (kl6d'p61e), j A stupid fellow ; a thick skull ; a dolt. Cloff (kl6f), n. An allowance of two pounds in every hundred weight : — sometimes written CLOUGH. Clog (kl6g), v. t. To burden ; to hinder, obstruct : — v. i. f to coa- lesce, adhere: — n., an encum- brance, obstruction ; a wooden shoe. [202-11.] Clog'ging, p. prs. *CLOG'GED, p. prf. Clog-gi-ness (kl6g / ge > ne's), n. The state of being clogged. Clog-gy (kl6g'ge), a. Obstructing. *Clois-ter (klois'tur), n. A re- ligious retirement; a monastery [81-17] : — v. t. y to shut up in a cloister. Clois'ter-ed, p. prf.: — a., soli- tary, secluded. Close (kl6ze), v. t. To shut; to conclude, finish ; to join : — v. i., to coalesce ; to unite ; to termi- nate . — n., a pause ; an end or *Clo'sing, p. prs. [conclusion. Close (kl6se), n. A small field enclosed: — a., shut fast; com- pact, concise; immediate; secret; trusty; reserved; penurious; re- tired ; attentive : — ad. f closely ; nearly; densely. *Close-Bod-i-ed (kl&se-bdd'did), a. Made to fit the body exactly. Close-Fist-ed (kl&se-flst'£d), a. Penurious. Close-ly (kl&se'le), ad. In a close manner ; secretly. Close-ness (klise'n&s), n. The state of being close ; retirement ; secrecy; penuriousness. *Clos-et (kl6z'lt), n. A small room for privacy ; a cupboard : — v. t., to shut up in a closet. Clo-stjee (kl6'zhur), n. The act of shutting up ; conclusion, end. Clot (kl6t), n. Concretion : — v. i., to form clots ; to coagulate. Clot'ting, p. prs. *Clot'ted, p. prf Cloth (kl6^A or klawfA), n. Any thing woven for dress or covering. Cloths (kl6THz or klawTHz), n. pi. *Clothe (klOTHe), v. t. [clothed Or CLAD — CLOTHED Or CLAD.] To invest; to cover; to dress. Clothes (kl6THz or kloze), n. pi. Garments, raiment,dress,apparel. Cloth'ing, p. prs. : — n. } vesture, dress, garments. *Cloth-ier ( kl6THe'yur), n. A maker or seller of cloth or clothes. Clot-ty (kl6t'te), a. Full of clots. Cloud (kl6ud), n. A collection of vapors in the air; a mist; an obscurity : — v. t., to darken with clouds ; to obscure : — v. t\, to grow cloudy. *Cloud-capt (kl6ud'kapt), a. Topped with clouds. Cloud-i-ly (kl6ud'e v le), ad. With clouds; darkly, obscurely. *Cloud-i-ness (kldud'e^ne's), n. The state of being cloudy; dim- ness of coloring ; mistiness ; darkness. Cloud-less (klMd'lSs), a. Clear, unclouded. Cloud-y (kloud'e), a. [cloudier — cloudiest.] Dark; covered with clouds; gloomy; misty. Clough (kluf, kldf, or kl6u), n. The cleft of a hill; a cliff; cloff, which see. Clout (kl6ut), n. A cloth for any mean use; a patch; an iron plate : — v. t., to patch ; to cover with a clout. Clove (kl6ve), n. A spice: — pat, t. Of CLEAVE. CLO'VEN, p. prf of CLEAVE. *CLO-VEN-FooT-ED(kl6'vn N fut-e'd) a. Having the foot divided. Clo-ver (kld'vur), n. A species of trefoil ; a kind of grass. Clo-ver-ed (kl6'vurd), a. Cov- ered with clover. Clown (klMn), n. A rustic; a churl ; a buffoon ; a coarse, ill- bred man. Clown-ish (kl6un'lsh), a. Coarse, uncivil; ill-bred; clumsy. **Clown-ish-ly (kl6un'lsh x le), ad. Coarsely ; rudely ; as a clown. Clown-ish-ness (kl6un'lsh x nes), n. Coarseness; incivility; awk- wardness. Cloy (klde), v. t. To satiate ; to glut. [343-22.] Cloy-less (kl6e'les), a. Not caus- ing satiety ; insatiable. Club (klub), n. A heavy stick; one of the suits of cards ; an as- sembly; a share: — v. i., to join in a common expense or for a common purpose : — v. t., to pay a common reckoning. Club'bing, p. prs. Club'bed, p. prf Club-Room (kldb'rddm), n. The room in which a club assembles. Cluck (kluk), v. i. To call chick- ens as a hen. Clue (klu), n. See clew. Clump (klump), n. A shapeless mass; a small cluster of trees. [21-14.] [301-18.] *Clum-si-ly (klum'ze^le), ad. Awkwardly. Clum-si-ness (klum / ze x ne l s), n. Awkwardness, want of dexterity. Clum-sy (klum'ze), a. [clumsier — clumsiest.] Awkward; heavy; ill-made ; unhandy. Clung (klung), pst. t. and p. prf. of CLING. Clus-teb (klus'tur), n. A bunch ; a collection of persons [344-12] : — v. i. t to grow in bunches : — ■ v. t. f to collect into a bunch ; to gather. 95 COA Fate, fai COB , f8.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin- -n6, move, COC Clutch (klutsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, clutches.] To hold in the hand ; to gripe ; to grasp : — n., gripe, grasp. *Clutch'es, n. pi. Hands in the sense of rapacity. Clut-ter (klut'tur), n. A noise ; a bustle ; a confused heap : — v. %., to make a noise or bustle; to throw into disorder. Clys-ter (klis'tur or glls'tur), n. An injection. CoACH(k6tsh) n.Afour- wheeled car- riage : — v. t., to carry in a coach. Coach'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Coach-Box (kotsh'b&ks), n. The seat of a coachman. Coach'-Box n es, n. pi. Coach-Hire (kotsh'hlre),n. Money paid for the use of a coach. Coach-man (k6tsh'man), n. The driver of a coach. Coach'men, n. pi. Co-ACT(k6-akt'),v.i. To act together. *Co-ac-tion (ko-ak'shun), n. Com- pulsion; force; concurrent action. Co-ac-tive (k6-ak'tlv), a. Com- pulsory; acting in concurrence. *Co-ad-ju-tant (k6-ad'juHant), a. Helping, assisting. *Co-ad-ju-tor fk6-ad-ju'tur), n. A fellow-helper ; a colleague. Co-ad-ju-trix (^kd-ad-ju'triks), n. A female colleague, assistant, or coadjutor. ^Co-ad-ju'trix^es, n.pl. Co-a-gent (k6-a'j§nt), n. An as- sociate ; a fellow-agent. Co-ag-u-la-ble (k&-ag'u x la-bl), a, Capable of being coagulated. Co-ag-u-late (kX-ag'uHate), v. t To curdle ; to clot : — v. i., to turn from a fluid to a concrete state. Co-ag'u v la-ting, p. prs. Co-ag-u-la-tion (k6 x ag-u-la'- shun), n. The act of curdling ; concretion. Co-ag-u-la-tive (ko-ag'ula-tlv), a. Having power to coagu- late. 96 Co-AG-u-LUM(k6-ag / uMum),r?. A co- agulated body; clot ; curd ; runnet; that which causes coagulation. Co-ag'u v la, n. pi. Coal (k6le), n. An inflammable fos- sil used as fuel ; wood charred : — v. t., to burn wood to charcoal. Coal-Pit (k61e'pit), n. A pit where coals are dug. *Co-a-lesce ( y k6-a-leV), v. i. To unite; to grow together; to join. (up. p. — with.) ^Co-a-les'cing, p. prs. Co-a-les-cence ^ko-a-leVsSnse), n. Concretion, union. Co-a-les-cent (^ko-a-les'sent), a. Growing together; united. Co-a-li-tion ( x k6-a-ilsh'un), n. Union in one mass or body; con- federacy, alliance. Coal-y (k6le'e),a. Containing coal. Co-arc-tate (k6-ark'tate), a. Re- strained ; pressed together : — v. t.y to restrain ; to press. Co-arc'ta v ting, p. prs. Coarse (korse), a. Not refined ; rude, uncivil ; gross ; mean. *Coarse-ly (korse'le), ad. Inele gantly; meanly; rudely. CoARSE-NESS(k6rse'n^s),n. Rough ness ; want of delicacy ; mean- ness ; grossness. Coast (k6st), n. The edge or margin of the land next the sea; the shore : — v. i., to sail near or along the coast. Coast-er (k6ste'ur), n. One who sails near the shore; a small trading vessel. Coat (k6te), n. The upper and outer garment for a man; the covering of any animal : — v. t., to cover; to invest. *Coax (k6ks), v. t. [prs. t. 3, coaxes.] To wheedle, flatter; to persuade ; to entice. Coax-er (k&ks'ur), n. A wheed- ler ; a flatterer. Cob (k6b), n. The head or top ; a pony ; a spike of maize. Co-balt (ko'balt), ) n. A reddish- Cob-alt (kob'alt), J gray metal; a mineral. Cob-ble (k&b'bl), v. t. To mend or make any thing coarsely or clumsily : — n., a fishing-boat ; a roundish stone ; a lump of coaL *Cob'bling, p. prs. Cob-bler (k&b'blur), n. A mender of shoes ; a clumsy workman. Cob-web (k6b'web), n. The web or net of a spider ; a trap. *Coch-i-neal (kutshTneel or k6tsh'fneel), n. An insect from which a scarlet color is extracted. Cock (k6k), n. The male of birds; a spout to discharge liquids ; a small heap of hay; part of a gun-lock : — v. t., to set erect ; to set the cock of a gun ; to raise hay in small heaps : — v. i. f to strut ; to hold up the head. Oock-ade (k6k-ade'), n. A badge or tuft worn on the hat. Cock-a-trice (k6k'a x trlse or k&k'- a x trls), n. A kind of serpent. Cock-boat (k&k'bote), n. A small boat belonging to a ship. CoCk-crow-ing (k6k'kr6'ing), n. The time at which cocks crow ; early morning. Cock-er (k6k'kur), v. t. To fon- dle ; to caress : — w., a cockfighter. Cock-fight (k6k / flte), n. A fight between game-cocks. Cock-le (k6k'kl), n. A small shell-fish ; a weed that grows in corn : — v. t. y to contract into wrinkles* Cock'ling, p. prs. Cock-loft (k&k'l6ft), n. The room over the garret, immediately be- neath the roof ; a lumber-room. *Cock-ney (k6k'ne), n. A citizen of London (in contempt). Cock-ney-ism (k6k , ne x lzm), n. The idiom or manner of a Cockney. Cock-pit (kok'pit), n. The area where cocks fight ; a place on the lower deck of a man-of-war. COB COG n6r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. COH Cock's-Comb (k&ks'k6me), n. The comb of a cock : — see coxcomb. Cock-sure (k6k'sh66r), a. Con- fidently certain. Cock-swain (k6k'sn or k6k'swane), n. The officer who commands the cockboat. *Co-coa (ko'kd), n. The chocolate- tree ; a paste made from its fruit. *Co-coon (kti-k&dn'), n. The ball made by the silkworm ; the egg- shaped covering of a chrysalis. Co-coon-er-y (ku-k66n'ur x r6), n. A place for silkworms. Co-coon'er x ies, n. pi. Coc-tion (k6k'shun), n. The act of boiling ; a digestion. Cod-pish (k6d'fish), ) n. A sea- Cod (k6d), J fish. Cod-dle (k6d'dl), v. t. To parboil. Code (k6de), n. A collection of laws. Co-dex (k&'deks), n. A manu- script ; a code ; a book. *Co-di-ces (k6 r de'sees), | 7 Cod-i-ces (k6d'e x sees), j n ' pL Cod-ger (k6dj'dr), ». A rustic ; a miser. *Cod-i-cil (k&d'e v sll), n. An ap- pendage to a will. Cod-ling (k6d'dling), n. An apple coddled ; a small codfish. *Co-ef-fi-ca-cy (k6-effe x ka-se), n. Joint efficacy ; joint agency. *Co-ef-fi-cient ( v k6-ef-fish'ent), a. Operating together : — n., that which unites its action with something else. Co-e-qual (k6-e'kwal), a. Equal. Co-e-qual-i-ty 0k6-e-kw61'leHe), n. The state of being equal. Co-erce (k6-erse0, v. t. To re- strain ; to force ; to compel. *Co-er'cing, p. prs. *Co-er-ci-ble (k6-er'se x bl), a. Possible to be restrained. *Co-er-cion (k6-eYshun), n. Pe- nal restraint ; check. Co-er-cive (k&-er'siv), a. Re- straining; checking. Co-es-sen-tial Okd-Ss-sen'shal), G a. Participating of the same essence. *Co-e-ta-ne-ous f k6-e-ta'ne r us), a. Of the same age with another. Co-e-ter-nal (^kS-e-ter'nal), a. Equally eternal with another. Co-e-ter-ni-ty ( x k6-e-ter'n6He), n. Equal eternity. Co-e-val (k6-e'val), a. Of the same age : — n., one of the same age. Co-ex-ist ( x k6-egz-ist')> v. i. To exist together. *Co-ex-ist-ence (^kft-egz-ist'ense) n. Existence at the same time. Co-ex-ist-ent fk6-egz-ist'ent), a. Having existence at the same time. Co-ex-ten-sive ( v ko-egz-teVsiv), a. Having the same extent. *Cof-fee (k6f fe), n. The berry of the coffee-tree; the drink made from it. *Cof-fer (k6ffur), n. A chest; a treasure : — v. L, to treasure up. Cof-fer-Dah (k6f'furMam), n. A water-tight enclosure used in lay- ing the foundations of piers, &c. *Cof-fin (k6f'fln), n. A chest for a dead body : — v. t., to enclose in a coffin ; to cover. Cog (k&g), n. The tooth of a wheel : — v. t., to flatter, deceive ; to fix cogs in a wheel : — v. i., to lie ; to cheat. Cog'ging, p. prs. *Cog'ged, p. prf. Co-gen-cy (k6'jen x se), n. Force, strength, power. ^Co'gen^cies, n. pi. *Co-gent (ko'jent), a. Forcible; convincing; urgent; strong. Co-gent-ly (ko'jent'le), ad. With force ; powerfully. Co-gi-tate (k&j'eHate), v. i. To think. Cog'iVa-ting, p. prs. Cog-i-ta-tion ( x k6j-e-ta'shun), n. Thought ; meditation ; contem- plation. Cog-nate (k6g'nate), a. Related. 9 Cog-na-tion (k6g-na'shun), n. Re- lation; kindred. Cogn-iac ) (kon'yak), n. A French Cog-nac J brandy. Cog-ni-tion (k6g-nlsh'un), n. Knowledge, complete conviction. Cog-ni-tive (k6g'neHiv), a. Hav- ing the power of knowing. *Cog-ni-za-ble (k&g'ne x za-bl or k6n'e r za-bl), a. Falling under judicial notice. *Cog-ni-zance (k6g'ne v zanse or k6n , e x zanse), n. Observation ; knowledge. Cog-ni-zant (k&g'ne y zant or kon'- e x zant), a. Having knowledge of. Cog-ni-zee (^k&g-nS-zee' or x kon-e- zee')j n. One to whom a fine is acknowledged. Cog-ni-zor ( x k6g-ne-z5r / or x kon- e-z6r'), n. One who acknowl- edges a fine. *Cog-no-men (k&g-n&'men), n. Family name. Cog-nom-i-nal (k6g-n6m'e^nal), a. Having the same name. *Cog-nos-cence (k6g-n6s'sense), m. Knowledge. *Cog-nos-ci-ble (k6g-n6s'se > bl),a. Possible to be known. Co-hab-it (kd-hab'lt), v. i. To live together. *Co-hab-i-tant (ko-hab'e x tant), n. An inhabitant of the same place. Co-hab-i-ta-tion (k6 v hab-e-ta'- shun), n. The state of living together. *Co-heir (k6-are'), n- A joint heir. *Co-heir-ess (k6-are'is), n. A fe- male who is a joint heiress. Co-heir'ess^es, n.pl. Co-here (k6-here'), v. i. To stick together ; to agree ; to unite. Co-he'ring, p. prs. Co-he-rence (ki-he're'nse), ) *Co-HE-REN-CY(k6-he'ren x se), J n% Act of cohering ; union of parts ; cohesion. Co-he-rent (k6-he'rent), a. Stick- ing together,connected;consistent. 97 COL COL Fate, far, fill, fit — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m&ve, COL Co-he-sion (ko-he'zhun), n. The state of union; act of sticking together. Co-he-sive (kft-he'slv), a. Hav- ing the power of sticking. Co-he-sive-ness (kd-he'slv r nes), n. The quality of being cohe- sive; adhesiveness, stickiness. Co-hort (k6'hdrt), n. A troop of about 500 soldiers. Coif (kdlf ), ) «. A *Coif-fure (k61f'ur), J head- dress ; a cap. Coil (kdil), v. t. To gather into a ring : — n., tumult, bustle ; cir- cular form of a rope or serpent. Coin (kdln), n. Money stamped with a legal impression ; a cor- ner: — v. L, to stamp metals for money ; to forge : — see quoin. Coin-age (k61n'aje), n. The act of coining; money coined; for- gery; invention. Co-in-cide ( v k6-in-slde0, v. i. To concur; to agree with. (ap. p. —with.) * x Co-in-ci'ding, p. prs. Co-in-ci-dence (k6-ln'seM5nse), n. Agreement, concurrence. #Co-in-ci-dent (kd-ln'seMent), a. Agreeing with ; concurrent. Coin-er (kdin'tir), n. A maker of money ; an inventor. Coit (kdlt), n. See quoit. Co-ju-ror (k6-ju'r6r), n. One who testifies to the credibility of an- other. Coke (k6ke), n. Fuel made by charring stonecoal; a refuse at manufactories of coal-gas. Col'an^der, n. See cullender. Co-la-tion (k6-la'shun), n. The act of straining. Col-a-ture (kol'aHshure or k&'la- v tshure), n. Filtration. Cold (k61d), a. Chill; frigid; not hot or warm ; reserved ; coy ; without passion : — n., the pri- vation of heat; chillness ; a disease. Cold-ly (kold'le), ad. Without heat ; indifferently ; reservedly Cold-ness (k6ld'nes), n. Want of heat; unconcern ; reserve. Cole-wort (k6le'wurt),n.Cabbage. Col-ic (k61'lk), n. A painful dis- order of the bowels. *Col-ick-y (k6l / ik > e), a. Pertain- ing to colic. *Col-lapse (k61-lapse'), v. i. To fall together [125-3] :-— n., a fall- ing together or closing. Col-lap 'sing, p. prs. Col-lar (k61'lur), n. A ring around the neck ; a neckband : — v. t. y to seize by the collar. Col-late (k6l-late'), v. t. To com- pare things similar; to examine. *Col-la'ting, p. prs. Col-lat-er-al (k61-lat'er x al), a. Side to side ; running parallel ; not direct; concurrent. *Col-lat-er-al-ly (k61-lat'eYal- le), ad. Side by side ; indirectly. Col-la-tion (k61-la'shdn), n. The act of bestowing ; comparison ; a repast. *Col-la-ti-tious ( x k61-la-tlsh'us), a. Contributed by many. Col-la-tor (k61-la'tur), n. One that collates or compares. *Col-league (k61'leeg), n. A partner in office ; an associate. Col-league (k6l-leeg'), v. t. To unite with ; to associate. *COL-LEAGu'lNG, p. prs. Col-lect (k&l'lekt), n. A short prayer. Col-lect (k&l-lektf), v. t. , To gather together ; to gain ; to infer. Col-lect-ed (k&l-lekt'ed), a. Com- posed, calm. [149-25.] *Col-lec-ta-ne-ous fkdl-lek-ta'- neNls), a. Gathered together. Col-lect-ed-ness (k61-lekt'dd- v nes), n. Self-possession. Col-lect-i-ble (kftl-le'kt'e^bl), a. Capable of being collected. Col-lec-tion (kol-leVshun), n. The act of gathering ; the things gathered ; an assemblage ; a group. Col-lect-ive (k61-lekt'lv), a. Gathered into one mass. Col-lect-ive-ly (k6l-lekt'iv r le), ad. In a general mass. [316.] Col-lect-or (k61-l£kt'ur), n. One who collects or gathers. *Col-lege (k6l'leje), n. A so- ciety ; an institution for instruc- tion in science, &c. ; a house for collegians. Col-le-gi-al (k6l-le'je N al), n. Relating to a college. *Col-le-gi-an (k6l-le'je v an), n. A member of a college. *Col-le-gi-ate (k&l-le'jelt), a. Pertaining to a college: — n., a member of a college. Col-let (k61'lit), n. That part of a ring in which the stone is set. *Coll-ier (k&l'yur), n. A digger of, or dealer in, coals ; a coal- ship. Coll-ier-y (k&l'yurYe), n. A coal- mine ; the coal-trade. **Coll'ier x ies, n. pi. Col-li-ga-tion f k6l-le-ga'shun), n. A binding together. CoL-LiQ-uA-TivE(k61-llk , waHlv),a. Melting, dissolving; weakening. *Col-lis-ion (k&l-llzh'un), n. A striking together ; a clash ; a conflict. Col-lo-cate (k61'16 v kate), v. t. To place ; to station. Col'lo x ca-ting, p. prs. Col-lo-ca-tion ( x k6l-l&-ka'shun), n. The act of placing ; ar- rangement. Col-lop (k6l'lup), n. A slice of meat. * Col-lo-qui-al (k&l-lo'kwe^al), a. Relating to conversation. Col-lo-qui-al-ism (k61-16'kwe-al- Izm), n. An expression allow- able only in conversation. Col-lo-quist (k6l'16 v kwlst), n. A speaker in a dialogue. COL nflr, nSt- COM -tube, tub, bull— 6il— pMnd- -th\n, this. COM Col-lo-quy (k&ri6 v kw&), n. Con- ference ; dialogue, conversation. *Col'lo x quies, n. pi. Col-lude (k&l-lude')> v. i. To conspire in a fraud. *Col-lu'ding, p. prs, Col-lu-sion (k61-li'zhun), n. A secret agreement to defraud. Col-lu-sive (k61-lu'siv), \ *Col-lu-sor-y (k61-lu'surVe), j ' Fraudulently concerted. Col-ly (k61'le), n. The smut of coal. Co-logne (k6-l6ne')> n. A liquid perfume, first made at Cologne. Co-lon (k6'16n), n. The point [ : ] ; the greatest of the intestines. *Co-lo-nel (kur'nel), n. The chief commander of a regiment. *Co-lo-nel-cy (kur'neTse), ) Co-lo- NEL-SHip(kur'neTshlp), J The office of a colonel. Co-LO-NEL-ciEs(kur / n£l x s££z),n.2>Z. *Co-lo-ni-al (k6-16'ne'al), a. Re- lating to a colony. [378-16.] [67.] Col-o-nist (k61'6 x nist), n. An in- habitant of a colony. [53-7.] *Col-o-nize (k&Wnlze), v. t. To plant a colony in. Col'o x ni-zing, p. prs. *Col-on-nade ( N k61-16-nade')> ». A row or series of columns. Col-o-ny (k6l'6 x ne), n. A body of people who remove and settle in some distant place; the country so settled. ColVnies, n. pi. Col-or (kul'lur), n. The appear- ance of bodies to the eye; hue; dye ; concealment ; false show : — v. t.f to mark with some hue; to palliate ; to excuse. Coi/oRS,n.pZ.Anag,banner,ensigns. *Col-or-a-ble (kul'lur'a-bl), a. Specious, plausible. Col-or-a-tion (k61-6-ra'shun), n. The art of coloring. Col-or-ed (kul'lurd), a. Dyed; diversified with hues. Col-or-ing (kuPlurlng), n. An art in painting ; appearance. Col-or-less (kiil'lurl&s), a. With- out color ; transparent. *Col-o-rif-ic ( > k61-6-rif'ik), a. Able to produce colors. *Co-los-sus (k6-16s'sus), n. A statue of enormous magnitude. Co-los'sus x es, n. pi. Co-los-sal (k6-16s'sal), a. Huge, gigantic, colossean. [39-29.] Col-os-se-an ( x k61-l6s-se'an), a. Giant-like ; huge, colossal. Col-port-age (kol-p6rt'ije), n. The distribution of tracts and relig- ious books. *Col-port-er ) (k6Fp6rt v ur), n. A Col-port-eur J distributor of tracts, books, an), n. A comic writer or player. Com-e-dy (k6ra'e v de), ». A hu- morous dramatic representation. *Com'e x dies, n. pi. Come-li-ness (kum'le^nSs), n. Grace, beauty, dignity. *Come-ly (kiim'le), a. [come- lier — comeliest.] Graceful ; handsome. CoM-ER(kum'ur),n. One that comes. Com-et (kSin'it), n. A heavenly body with a train of light and eccentric motion. 99 COL COL Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m&ve, COL Co-he-sion (k&-he'zhun), n. The state of union; act of sticking together. Co-he-sive (k6-he'slv), a. Hav- ing the power of sticking. Co-he-sive-ness (k6-he'slv y nes), n. The quality of being cohe- sive; adhesiveness, stickiness. Co-hort (ko'hdrt), n, A troop of about 500 soldiers. Coif (kdlf ), \ n. A *Coif-fure (kdlf'ur), J head- dress ; a cap. Coil (koll), v. t. To gather into a ring : — n., tumult, bustle ; cir- cular form of a rope or serpent. Coin (k61n), n. Money stamped with a legal impression ; a cor- ner: — v. t., to stamp metals for money ; to forge : — see quoin. Coin- age (k61n'aje), ». The act of coining; money coined; for- gery ; invention. Co-in-cide ( x k6-ln-slde')> v. i. To concur; to agree with. (ap. p. —with.) * v Co-in-ci'ding, p. prs. Co-in-ci-dence (k6-ln'seMense), n. Agreement, concurrence. #Co-in-ci-dent (kd-in'seMent), a. Agreeing with ; concurrent. Coin-er (kdin'tir), n. A maker of money ; an inventor. Coit (kdlt), n. See quoit. Co-ju-ror (k6-ju'rdr), n. One who testifies to the credibility of an- other. Coke (k6ke), w. Fuel made by charring stonecoal; a refuse at manufactories of coal-gas. Col'an n der, n. See cullender. Co-la-tion (ko-la'shun), n. The act of straining. Col-a-ture (k6l'aHshure or ko'la- N tshure), n. Filtration. Cold (kold), a. Chill; frigid; not hot or warm ; reserved ; coy ; without passion : — n., the pri- vation of heat ; dullness ; a disease. 93 Cold-ly (kold'le), ad. Without heat; indifferently; reservedly. Cold-ness (kdld'nes), n. Want of heat; unconcern ; reserve. Cole-wort (k61e'wurt),n.Cabbage. Col-ic (k61'lk), n. A painful dis order of the bowels. *Col-ick-y (k6l'ik'e), a. Pertain ing to colic. -Col-lapse (k61-lapse'), v. i. To fall together [125-3] :— n., a fall- ing together or closing. Col-lap 'sing, p. prs. Col-lar (k6l , lur), n. A ring around the neck ; a neckband : — v. t., to seize by the collar. Col-late (k61-late'), v. t. To com- pare things similar ; to examine. *Col-la'ting, ]). prs. Col-lat-er-al (kol-lat'eVal), a. Side to side ; running parallel ; not direct; concurrent. *Col-lat-er-al-ly (k61-lat'eYal- le), ad. Side by side ; indirectly. Col-la-tion (k61-la'shun), n. The act of bestowing ; comparison ; a repast. * Col-l a-ti-tious ( x k61-la-tlsh'us), a. Contributed by many. Col-la-tor (k61-la'tur), «. One that collates or compares. *Col-league (k61'leeg), n. A partner in office ; an associate. Col-league (k&l-leeg'), v. t. To unite with ; to associate. *COL-LEAGu'lNG, p. prs. Col-lect (k61'lekt), n, A short prayer. Col-lect (k&l-lektf), v. t. . To gather together ; to gain ; to infer. Col-lect-ed (k&l-lekt'ed), a. Com- posed, calm. [149-25.] *Col-lec-ta-ne-ous fkftl-lek-ta'- ne^us), a. Gathered together. Col-lect-ed-ness (k&l-lekt'ed- N n£s), n. Self-possession. Col-lect-i-ble (k61-lekt'e > bl), a. Capable of being collected. Col-lec-tion (kol-lek'shun), n.[ The act of gathering; the things gathered ; an assemblage ; a group. Col-lect-ive (k61-lekt'lv), a. Gathered into one mass. Col-lect-ive-ly (k6l-lekt'lv r le), ad. In a general mass. [316.] Col-lect-or (k61-lekt'ur), w. One who collects or gathers. *Col-lege (k6l'leje), n. A so- ciety ; an institution for instruc- tion in science, &o. ; a house for collegians. Col-le-gi-al (k6l-le'je N al), a. Relating to a college. *Col-le-gi-an (k61-le'je r an), n. A member of a college. *Col-le-gi-ate (k6l-le'jelt), a. Pertaining to a college: — n., a member of a college. Col-let (k61'lit), n. That part of a ring in which the stone is set. *Coll-ier (k&ryur), n. A digger of, or dealer in, coals ; a coal- ship. Coll-ier-y (k6l'yurVe), «. A coal- mine ; the coal-trade. *Coll'ier^ies, n. pi. Col-li-ga-tion f k61-le-ga'shun), n. A binding together. CoL-LiQ-uA-TivE(k61-llk'waHlv),a. Melting, dissolving; weakening. *Col-lis-ion (k61-llzh'un), n. A striking together; a clash; a conflict. Col-lo-cate (k61'16 N kate), v. t. To place ; to station. Col'lo^ca-ting, p. prs. Col-lo-ca-tion ( > k6l-l6-ka r shun), n. The act of placing ; ar- rangement. Col-lop (k6l'lup), n. A slice of meat. * Col-lo-qui-al (kSl-lo'kweNSl), a. Relating to conversation. Col-lo-qui-al-ism (k61-16'kwe-al- Izm), n. An expression allow- able only in conversation. Col-lo-quist (k6l'16 v kwlst), n. A speaker in a dialogue. COL COM n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. COM Col-lo-quy (k&l'16 v kwe), n. Con- ference j dialogue, conversation. *Coi/lo v quies, n. pi. Col-lude (k&l-lude')> *>• i. To conspire in a fraud. *Col-lu'ding, p. pr8. Col-lu-sion (k6l-lu'zhun), n. A secret agreement to defraud. Col-lu-sive (k61-lu'siv), "I *CoL-Lu-soR-Y(k&l-lu'surVe), J * Fraudulently concerted. Col-ly (k61'le), n. The smut of coal. Co-logne (ko-l6ne')> n. A liquid perfume, first made at Cologne. Co-lon (k6'l6n), n. The point [ : ] ; the greatest of the intestines. *Co-lo-nel (kur'nel), n. The chief commander of a regiment. *Co-lo-nel-cy (kur'neTse), "I Co-LONEL-SHip(kur'neTship), J The office of a colonel. Co-LO-NEL-ciES(kur'ne : l v s&£z),n.2?Z. *Co-lo-ni-al (k6-l&'ne v al), a. Re- lating to a colony. [378-16.] [67.] Col-o-nist (k6Wnlst), n. An in- habitant of a colony. [53-7.] *Col-o-nize (k6Wnlze), v. U To plant a colony in. Coi/o x ni-zing, p. prs. *Col-on-nade ( N k61-l6-nade'), n, A row or series of columns. Col-o-ny (k61'6 x ne), n. A body of people who remove and settle in some distant place; the country so settled. ColVnies, n. pi. Col-or (kul'lur), ». The appear- ance of bodies to the eye; hue; dye; concealment; false show: — v. t., to mark with some hue; to palliate ; to excuse. Coi/oRS,n.£>£.Aflag,banner,ensigns. *Col-or-a-ble (kul'lur x a-bl), a. Specious, plausible. Col-or-a-tkw (k&l-6-ra'shun), n. The art of coloring. Col-or-ed (kul'lurd), a. Dyed; diversified with hues. Col-or-ing (kdl'lur'lng), n. An art in painting ; appearance. Col-or-less (kul'luVlSs), a. With- out color; transparent. *Col-o-rif-ic 0k61-6-rif'ik), a. Able to produce colors. *Co-los-sus (k6-16s'sus), n. A statue of enormous magnitude. Co-los'sus x es, n. pi. Co-los-sal (kd-16s'sal), a. Huge, gigantic, colossean. [39-29.] Col-os-se-an ( v k61-l6s-se'an), a. Giant-like; huge, colossal. Col-port-age (k61-pdrt'ije), n. The distribution of tracts and relig ious books. *Col-port-er j (k6l , p6rt N ur), n. A Col-port-eur J distributor of tracts, books, blne), n. A plant. *Col-umn (k&l'lum), n. Aground pillar ; a long file or row of troops ; a line of figures ; a per- pendicular section of a page. Co-lum-nar (k6-lum'nar), Formed in columns. Co-lures (k6-lurz'), n. pi. Two great circles intersecting at the poles. # Co-ma (ko'ma), n. Lethargy; the hairy or nebulous covering of the nucleus or body of a comet. Co-mate (k6-mate'), n. Companion. Co-mate (kd'mate), a. Hairy, hazy. Com-a-tose ( x k6m-a-t6se r ), ] Co-ma-tous (k6'ma x tus), j a ' Lethargic; dozing; torpid. Comb (k6me), n. An instrument to adjust the hair; the crest of a cock; the cells in which bees lodge their honey: — v. t., to di- vide and adjust the hair; to lay wool smooth. Com-bat (kum'bat or k6m'bat), n. Contest, battle, duel: — v. i., to fight; to contest (ap. p. — with persons, for things) : — v. t, to oppose ; to fight against. -Com-bat-ant (kiWbaOant), n. He that fights; a champion: — a., combative, quarreling. *Com-bat-a-ble (kum-bat'a x bl), a. Possible to be opposed. Com-ba-tive (kum'baHiv), n. Dis- posed to quarrel. Com-bat-ive-ness (kum'bat^tiv- nes), n. Disposition to fight. Com-bi-na-ble (k6m-bi'na N bl), a. Capable of being joined together. CoM-Bi-NA-TioN( v k6m-be-na'shiin), n. Union, association, league, coalition, confederacy. [83.] [384-15.] Com-bine (k&m-blne'), v. t. To join ; to link in union : — v. i., to coalesce or unite; to agree. Com-bi'ning, p. prs. Com-bin-er (k6m-blne'ur), n. He or that which combines. Com-bus-ti-ble (k6m-bus'teH)l), a. That which may or can burn. *Com-bus-ti-ble-ness (k6m-bus'- t^-bPn^s), n. Capacity of burning. Com-bus-tion (k6m-bus'tshun), n. Conflagration, burning ; tumult. Come (kum), v. i. [came — come.] To draw near; to advance to- wards ; to arrive ; to happen. *Com-ing, p. prs. : — n., approach, arrival : — a., future ; arriving ; drawing near. Co-me-di-an (k6-me'de x an), n. A comic writer or player. Com-e-dy (k6m'eMe), n. A hu- morous dramatic representation. *Com'e n dies, n. pi. Come-li-ness (kum'le^ne's), n. Grace, beauty, dignity. *Come-ly (kum'le), a. [come- lier — comeliest.] Graceful ; handsome. CoM-ER(kum'ur),n. One that comes. Com-et (k6m'lt), n. A heavenly body with a train of light and eccentric motion. COM COM rite, far, fill, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — n6, move, COM CoM-ET-A-Ri-UM( x k6m-e ! t-a're'um), n. An instrument representing the motion of a comet. Com-et-a-ry (kSmWa-re), a. Re- lating to comets. Co-MET-ic(k6-me i t / lk), a. Cometary. Com-fit (kum'flt), n. A sweetmeat. Com-fort (kum'furt), v. t. To en- liven, invigorate ; to console : — n., support ; consolation, solace. Com-fort-a-ble (kuin'furt^a-bl),a. Possessing comfort ; dispensing comfort. Com-fort-a-bly (kum'f&rtfa-ble), ad. With comfort; cheerfully. Com-fort-er (kum'furt^ur), n. One who administers consola- tion ; the Holy Spirit. *Com-frey ) (kum'fre), n. A me- Cum-frey J dicinal plant. Com-ic (k6m'ik), n. Raising mirth ; relating to comedy. Com-i-cal (k6m'e x kal), a. Raising mirth j merry; ludicrous. *Com-i-cal-ly (k6m'e x kal y le), ad. In a comical manner. Com-i-cal-ness ^m'^kal-nSs), n. The quality of being comical. *Co-mi-tial (k6-mlsh'al), a. Re- lating to the assemblies of the people. *Com-i-ty (k6m'e y te), n. Courtesy between individuals and com- munities. *Com-ma (k&m'ma), n. The point [ , ] marking the shortest gram matical pause. Com-mand (k&m-mand'), v. t. To govern ; to order ; to direct : — v. i. f to have the supreme au- thority : — n., the right of com manding; power; supreme au- thority ; order. Com-mand'ing, p. pr8. : — a., im perative, authoritative; control- ling by physical proportion, by dignity, authority, or influence. [128-39.] [380-11.] *Com-man-dant fk&m-man-dant'), n. A military officer. [113-3.] 100 Com-mand-er (k6m-mand'ur), n. One who commands; a mallet. Com-mand-ment (k6m-mand'me 1 nt) n. Command, order; precept. Com-mand-ress (k&m-mand'rSs),^. A woman who commands. Com-mand'ress n es, n. pi. *Com-ma-te-ri-al ( x k6m-ma-te'- re^al), a. Consisting of the same matter. Com-meas-u-ra-ble (k&m-mezh'- uVa-bl), a. Reducible to the same measure. Com-mem-o-ra-ble (k&m-meW6- Va-bl), a. Worthy of remem- brance. CoM-MEM-o-RATE(k6m-m§m r 6Vate) v. t. To preserve the memory of ; to celebrate with honor. [65-32.] *C0M-MEM'0 V RA-TINGp.prS.[361-14] Com-mem-o-ra-tion (k6in x mern-6- ra'shun), n. An act of public celebration. Com-mem-o-ra-tive (k&m-meWft- Va-tlv),a. Preserving in memory. Com-mence (k6m-m£nse'), v. t. To begin ; to originate : — v. i. y to take beginning; to take a new character. *Com-men'cing, p.pr8. Com-mence-ment (k6m~mense'- ment), n. Beginning; the day for taking collegiate degrees. Com-mend (k&in-me'nd'), v. t. To recommend; to praise. [379.] Com-mend-a-ble (kom-mend'a^bl), a. Laudable, worthy of praise. *Com-mend-a-bly (kom-mend'a- x ble), ad. Laudably. Com-mend-a-tion (^in-me^nd-a'- shun), n. Recommendation ; praise. Com-mend-a-tor-y (k&m-mend'a- Hur-re), a. Serving to commend. *COM-MEN-SU-RA-BIL-I-TY (k6m- Wn-shu-ra-bil'leHe), n. Ca- pacity of having a common measure. Com-men-su-ra-ble (k&m-meV- shu x ra-bl), a. Reducible to some common measure. Com-men-su-rate (k6m-men'shu- v rate), v. t. To reduce to some common measure. Com-men'su^ra-ting, p. prs. Com-men-su-rate (k6m-meVshu- Vlt),a.Equal,coextensi ve. [384-1.] Com-men-su-ra-tion (kftm^me'n- shu-ra'shun), n. Reduction to common measure ; proportion. *Com-ment (k6m , me , nt), v. i. To write notes ; to expound : — n., a remark; explanation, exposition. Com-ment-a-ry ^rn'mSnt^a-re), n. A book of comments; an ex- position, annotation. *Com'ment x a-ries, n. pi. Com-ment-a-tor ( x k6m-me'nt-a'- tur), n. One who comments or explains. [96-14.] [226.] Com-merce (kom'merse), n. Ex- change of commodities ; trade ; traffic. [54-19.] *Com-mer-cial (k6m-meVshal), a. Relating to commerce or trade. *Com-mer-cial-ly (k6m-meV- shaPle), ad. In a commercial view. Com-mi-gra-tion fk&m-me-gra' . shun), n. A migrating together. CoM-Mi-NA-TiON( N k6m-m?-na / shdn) n. A threat of punishment. Com-min-a-to-ry ^m-mln'aHur- re), a. Threatening. Com-min-gle (k6m-mlng'gl), v. t. To mix, to blend : — v. i., to unite with another thing. [136-21.] -Com-min'gling, p. prs. *Com-mi-nute ( N k&m-me-nute'), v. t. To grind ; to pulverize, triturate. x Com-mi-nu'ting, p. prs. Com-mi-nu-tion ( N k6m-me-nu'- shun), n. The act of grinding into small particles; pulveriza- tion, trituration. Com-mis-er-a-ble (k6m-mlz'eYa- bl), a. Worthy of compassion ; pitiable. COM COM nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 6il- -pdund — thin, this. COM *CoM-Mis-ER-ATE(k6m-iniz'er v ate) v. t. To pity ; to feel sorrow for. Com-mis'er x a-ting, p. prs. Com-mis-er-a-tion (k&in^miz-er- a'shun), n. Pity, compassion, sympathy. [284-2.] Com-mis-er-a-tor (k&m-mlz'eVa- tur), n. One who pities or com- miserates. Com-mis-sa-ri-al (^m-mis-sa'- re^al), a. Pertaining to a com- missary. *Com-mis-sa-ri-at ( v k6m-mis-sa'- re v at), n. The department of a commissary-general. Com-mis-sa-ry (k&m'mls v sa-re), n. One who has charge of some particular duty ; a delegate ; a deputy. *Com'mis v sa-ries, n. pi. Com-mis-sa-ry-ship (k6m'mis-sa- re^shlp), n. The office of a com- missary. Com-mis-sion (kom-mlsh'un), n. A trust; a warrant; act of commit- ting ; a number of people joined in a trust or office ; order ; trust ; a compensation for transacting business [278-8] : — v. t., to em- power, appoint; to authorize. [137-4.] *Com-mis-sion-er (k&m-mlsh'un- v ur), n. One empowered to act by authority. *Com-mis-sure (k6m-mlsh'yur or k6m'mlsh v yur), n. A joint; a seam ; a suture ; a part uniting. Com-mit (k&in-mlt'), v. t. To in- trust; to deposit; to send to prison ; to perpetrate, (ap. p. — to.) [32-19.] Com-mit'ting, p. prs. Com-mit'ted, p. prf. *Com-mit-ment (k6m-mit'me ! nt), n. Act of committing ; an order for sending to prison. *Com-mit-tal (k6m-mlt'tl), Act of committing ; commitment ; pledge. *t!oM-MiT-TEE (k6m-mit'te£), Those appointed to examine or manage any business. Com-mit-ter (k6m-mit , tur), n. One that commits. Com-mix (k6m-miks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, commixes.] To mingle; to blend. Com-mix-tion (k&m-miks'tshun),n. Mixture ; incorporation. &Com-mix-ture (k6m-miks'tshur) n. A mixture ; a compound. Com-mode (k&m-m6de'), n. The head-dress of a woman. Com-mo-di-ous (k6m~m6'de y us), a. Convenient ; suitable ; useful ; comfortable. [176-5.] *'Com-mo-di-otjs-ly (k6m-m6'de- x us-le),ac£.Conveniently,suitably. Com-mo-di-ous-ness (koin-mo'de- ^us-nes), n. Convenience; fitness. Com-mod-i-ty (k6m-m6d'e x te), n. Profit; goods; merchandise. ^Com-modYties, n. pi. *Com-mo-dore ( x k6m-m6-d6re'), n. The commander of a fleet. Com-mon (k6m'mun), a. Pertain- ing to more than one ; vulgar ; usual; public; general; ordi- nary ; frequent : — n., an open public ground. *Com-mon-age (k6m'mun x ije), n. The right of feeding on a common. Com-mon-al-ty (k6m'mun N al-te), it; The common people. Com'monVl-ties, n. pi. Com-mon-er (k6m'mun x ur), n. A man not noble ; a member of the House of Commons. Com-mon-Law (k6m'nnWlaw), n. Unwritten law, receiving its force from immemorial usage, distin- guished from codes or written laws of communities. Com-mon-ly (k&in'nuWle), ad. Frequently ; usually. Com-most-ness (k6ni'inun > nes), n. The state of being common ; frequency. Com-mon-place (k&rn'mun x pla,se), a. Ordinary; common; trite:- 9* n., a note ; a memorandum : — v. t, to enter in a commonplace book ; to arrange under general heads. Com-mons (k6m'munz), n. pi. The lower people ; the Lower House of Parliament; food at a com- mon table. Com-mon-weal (kom'munVeel), n. The public welfare. *Com-mon-wealth (k6m'mun- VeM), n. The public ; the gen- eral body of the people ; a free state, f Com-mo-rance (k6m'm6Vanse), n. Dwelling, residence. Com-mo-tion (k6m-m6 , shun), n. Tumult; disturbance. Com-mu-nal (k6m-mu/nal), a. Pertaining to a commune. Com-mune (k6m-mune'), v. i. To converse together ; to partake of the sacrament, (ap. p. — with.) *Com-mu'ning, p. prs. Com-mune (k6m r mune), n. A French territorial district. Com-mu-ni-ca-bil-i-ty (k&m^mu- ne-ka-bil'leHe), n. The quality of being communicated. *Com-mu-ni-ca-ble (k6rn-mu'ne- ^ka-bl), a. Capable of being communicated. CoM-MU-Ni-CANT(k6m-mu'n^kant) n. One who partakes of the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. CoM-MU-Ni-CATE(k6m-mu'ne > kate), v. t. To impart; to reveal (ap. p. — to) [173-15] : — v. %., to have intercourse ; to have access, (ap. jo. — with.) [129-38.] Com-mu'ni-ca-ting, p. prs. *Com-mu-ni-ca-tion (k6m^inu-ne- ka'shun), n. The act of im- parting; passage or means of passage ; common inlet ; conver- sation ; correspondence.[101-16.] [383-21.] Com-mu-ni-ca-tive (k6m-inu'rie- N ka-tiv), a. Ready to impart ; not selfish; free. [222-15.] 101 COM COM Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, CON Com-po'sed, p. prf.: — a., calm, sedate. Com-po-sed-ly (k6m-p6'zedHe), ad. Calmly, sedately. [377-8.] CoM-PO-SED-NESs(k&m-p6'z6d^n£s) n. Calmness, sedateness. Com-po-ser (k6m-p6'zur), n. A musical author; a writer; one who calms. *Com-pos-ite (k6m-p&zlt), a. The last of the five orders in architecture; compounded; com posed of factors ; having more than one aliquot part. Com-po-si-tion ( N kom-p6-zish'un) n. The act of composing or the thing composed ; written work ; mixture ; production ; the act of discharging a debt by paying part; adjustment; compact. Com-pos-i-tive (k6m-p&z'e v tiv), a. Compounded, or capable of be- ing compounded. Com-pos-i-tor (k6m-p&z'e v tur), n. One who sets types. Com-post (k&m'p6st), n. A mixed manure : — v.t.> to spread compost. Com-po-sure (k6m-p6'zhur), n. Order; adjustment; calmness; tranquillity; composition. Com-pound (kom'p6und), n. A mix- ture of ingredients : — a., formed of two or more ingredients. Com-pound (k&m-pound'), v. t. To mingle; to combine; to discharge debt by paying part; to adjust or settle [357] : — v. i., to come to terms; to agree; to constitute a compound, (ap. p. — for, with.) Com-pound-er (k6m-p6und'ur), n. One who compounds. Com-pre-hend (^kom-pr^-h^nd'), v. t. To comprise, include ; to understand. [78.] [268.]* #Com-pre-hen-si-ble ( N k6m-pre- hen'se N bl), a. Intelligible, con- ceivable. CoM-PRE-HEN-siON( N k6m-pre-hen / - shun), n. Capacity for compre- hending; understanding^ 104 CoM-PRE-HEN-sivE( v k6m-pre-hen r - slv), a. Comprising much capacious ; extensive ; full. [237-27.] Com-pre-hen-sive-ly ( r k6m-pre hen'sivHe), ad. In a compre hensive manner. CoM-PRE-HEN-SIVE-NESS ( r k6m pre-hen'siv x nes), n. The quality of including much,capaciousness. Com-press (kftm'pre's), n. A band- age of linen, used in surgery. Com'press v es, n. pi. Com-press (k6m-preV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, compresses.] To force into a narrow compass ; to condense, crowd. [334-10.] *Com-pres-si-bil-i-ty (kom^pres se-bil'le x te), n. The quality of being condensable. *Com-pres-si-ble (k6m-pres'se- x bl), a. Yielding to pressure. Com-pres-si-ble-ness (k&m-pres se-brnes), n. Compressibility. Com-pres-sion (k6m-presh'un), n. The act of pressing together; compressure ; condensation. Com-pres-sure (k&m-pre'sh'ur), n. The act or force of pressure ; compression ; pressure. *Com-pri-sal (koni-prl'zal), n. The act of comprising. Com-prise (k6m-prlze'), v. t. To contain, include; to imply. *Com-pri'sing, p. prs. Com-pro-mise (k&m'pr6 x mlze), n. An adjustment by mutual con- cessions : — v. t., to adjust by mu- tual concessions ; to compound ; to put to hazard : — v, i. t to ac- cord ; to agree. *Com'pro x mi-sing, p. prs. Com-pro-mit (k6m'pr6 x mit), v. t. To pledge; to promise; to com- promise ; to put to hazard. *Com'pro v mit-ing, ) Com'pro x mit-ting, J &' P r8 ' *Com'pro v mit-ed, I » Com'pro n mit-ted, j P'P r *' Comp-trol-ler. See controller. *Com-pul-s a-tor-y (k6m-pul's a Hur-re), a. Forcing, compelling. Com-pul-sion (k6m-pul'shun), n. The act of compelling ; force. Com-pul-sive (k6m-pul'slv), a. Compelling, forcing, compulsory. Com-pul-sive-ly (k6m-pursiv x le), ad. By force. *Com-pul-so-ry (k6m-pursurVe), a. Compelling, compulsive. CoM-PUNC-TioN(k6m-pungk'shun), n. Repentance, contrition, re- morse. *Com-punc-tious (k6m-pungk'- shus), a. Causing remorse. Com-pur-ga-tion ( N k6ra-pur-ga'- shun), n. The act of establishing a man's veracity on testimony. *Com-pur-ga-tor ( r k6m-pnr-ga'- tur), n. One who swears to the credibility of another; a cojuror. *Com-pu-ta-ble (kom-pu'ta v bl), a. Capable of being numbered. CoM-pu-TA-TioN( r k6m-pu-ta'shun), n. The act of reckoning; cal- culation, estimate, f Com-pute (k6m-pute'), v. t. To reckon,count, calculate, estimate. Com-pu'ting, p. prs. Com-pu-ter (koin-pu'tur), n. A reckoner, accountant, calculator. Com-rade (kum'rade or k&ni'rade), n. A companion ; a partner. Con (k6n), v. t. To discuss; to know ; to study : — prp. f against. 7/^r* Con is an abbreviation of the Latin word contra. It is often used antithetically with pro, both as a verb and prep- osition; as, "He proes and cons ;" " He disputes pro and con." Con'ning, p. prs. *Con'ned, p. prf. Con-cat-e-nate (k6n-kat'e r nate), v. t. To link together. *Con-cat'e-na-ting, p. prs. Con-cat-e-na-tion (k6n v kat-e-na'- shun), n. A series of links united; a linking. CON n6>, n&t- CON -tube, tub, billl — 611 — p6und — th'm, Tnis. CON Con-cave (k&ng'kave), a. Hol- low, opposed to convex : — n., a hollow ; a cavity ; an arch. Con-cav-i-ty (k6n-kav'e N te), n. Internal hollowness ; vaulted space. *Con-cavVties, n. pi. *Con-ca-vo-Con-cave (k6n x ka- v6-k6n'kave), o. Concave on both faces. *Con-ca-vo-Con-vex (k6n r ka-v6- k6n'veks), a. Concave on one face and convex on the other. Con-ceal (k6n-seel'), v. t. To hide ; to keep secret ; to dissemble. *Con-ceal-a-ble (k6n-s£6l'aH)l), a. Capable of being concealed. Con-ceal-ment (k6n-seel'inent), n. The act of hiding ; secrecy ; pri- vacy ; hiding-place ; disguise. *Con-cede (kon-sede'), v. t. To admit; to grant ; to yield, (ap. p.-to.)t Con-ce'ding, p. prs, *Con-ceit (k6n-seef), n. A concep- tion, thought, idea ; fancy, whim ; vanity [353-17] : — v. t. } to im- agine, believe, fancy. Con-ceit'ed, p. prf. : — a., proud ; opinionative ; vain. CoN-cEiT-ED-NESs(k6n-seet'ed^n§s) n. Pride ; self-conceit. *Con-ceiv-a-ble (k6n-seev'a x bl), o. That may be imagined, un- derstood, or conceived. Con-ceiv-a-ble-ness (k6n-seeV- a x bl-nes), n. The quality of be- ing conceivable. Con-ceiv-a-bly (k6n-seev'a x ble), ad. In a conceivable manner. *Con-ceive (k6n-seeV), v. t. To form in the mind; to compre- hend; to think; to believe; to suppose: — v. i. } to think, {ap. p.— of.) C-on-ceiv'ing, p. prs. Con-cen-trate (k6n-sen'trate), v.t. To cause to converge; to con- dense ; to centre ; to concentre ; to fix. [37-33.] Con-cen'tra v ting, p. prs. Con-cen-tra-tion ( v k6n-sen-tra/- shun), n. Collection into a nar- rower space or round a centre ; convergence; the act of concen- trating. Con-cen-tra-tive-ness (k&n-seV- tra-tlv v nes), n. The faculty of riveting the attention to one object. Con-cen-ter I (k&n-sen'tur), v. i. *Con-cen-tre J To tend to a com- mon centre ; to concentrate. Con-cen'ter x ing, ) *Con-cen'tring, j P' P r8m Con-cen'ter-ed, ) - *Con-cen'tred, J P' P r J' Con-cen-tric (k6n-sen'trik), o. Having a common centre. Con-cep-tion (k6n-sep'shun), n. The act of conceiving; the thing conceived ; notion ; idea. Con-cern (k6n-sern'), v. t. To re- late to ; to belong to ; to disturb; to affect ; to interest [290-9] :— n., business; affair; interest; re- gard, solicitude. [192.] Con-cern'ing, p. prs. : — prp. ( ? ), relating to, with relation to. Con-cern'ed, p. prf. (ap. p. — at, for.) Con-cert (k6n'sert), n. Coopera- tion ; harmony ; a plan ; a mus- ical entertainment by many per- formers. Con-cert (k&n-sert'), v. t. To plan, settle, contrive, adjust: — v. i. } to consult, contrive. *Con-ces-sion (k6n-sesh'un), n. The act of yielding; the thing yielded; a grant. [382-11.] Con-ces-sive (k6n-ses'slv), o. Im plying concession. *Conch (k6ngk), n. A shell; a sea-shell. Conch-ol-o-gist (kongk-61'6 x jlst), n. One versed in conchology. *Conch-ol-o-gy (k6ngk-61'6 x je), n. The science which treats of shells and their inhabitants. Con-cil-iate (kon-sll'yate or kdn- sll'e'ate), v. t. To win or gain over; to reconcile. [147-5.] Con-cil/i n a-ting, p. prs. *Con-cil-i-a-tion (k6n v sll-e-a'- shun), n. The act of conciliating. CoN-ciL-i-A-TOR-Y(k6n-sll / e-a y tur- re or k6n-sll / ya x tur-re), a. Tend- ing to conciliation; reconciling, pacifying. Con-cise (k6n-slse'), a. Laconic, brief, short, comprehensive. Con-cise-ly (k6n-slse'le), ad. Suc- cinctly, briefly, pithily, tersely. Con-cise-ness (k6n-slse'nes), n. Brevity, shortness, terseness, pithiness. Con-cis-ion (k6n-slzh , un), n. A cutting off; excision. Con-clave (k6n'klave), n. An assembly of cardinals; a close assembly. Con-clude (k6n-klu.de'), v. t. To decide, determine ; to end ; to finish : — v. i. t to settle opinion ; to determine. [100-27.] [224.] Con-clu'ding, p. prs. Con-clu-sion (kon-klu/zhun), n. Determination ; final decision ; inference; the end. [72-9.] Con-clu-sive (k&n-klu/siv), a. Decisive, final, unanswerable. [50-27.]f Con-clu-sive-ly (k6n-klu'sl\ r> le), ad. Decisively, determinately. Con-cltt-sive-ness (k6n-klu / siv- x n£s), n. Decisiveness. Con-coct (k6n-k6kt')> v. t. To di- gest by the stomach; to purify by heat ; to ripen or mature. Con-coc-tion (k6n-k6k'shun), n. Digestion; maturation by heat ; preparation. Con-com-i-tance (k&n-k6rn'e- Hanse), n. Concomitancy. Con-com-i-tan-cy (k6n-k6ni'e x tan- se), n. The state or act of sub- sisting with something else. Com-com'i x tan-ces, *Con-comYtan-cies ' In. pi. ES, J ^ 105 CON CON Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, CON Con-com-i-tant (k6n-k6rn'e r tant), a. Accompanying, attending : — »., a companion, attendant. Con-cord (k6ng'k6rd), n. Agree- ment; grammatical agreement; union ; harmony ; harmony of sound. *Con-cord-ance (k6n-k5rd'anse), n. Agreement; an index to the Scriptures, noting the verses in which any word occurs. Con-cord-ant (k6n-kdrd'ant), a. Agreeing, harmonious. Con-cor-dat (k6n-k6r'dat), n. A compact; a convention. *Con-course (k6ng'k6rse), n. A confluence, crowd, assemblage, multitude, meeting. [127.] Con-cre-ment (k6n'kre x m^nt), n. A mass formed by concretion ; concretion; concrete. Con-crete (k6ng'krete')> n. A mass formed by concretion ; compound. Con-crete (k6n-krete')> v. i. To coalesce into one mass : — v. t. y to unite into one mass. Con-cre'ting, p. prs. Con-crete (k6ng / krete or k&n- krete')> a. Formed by concre- tion ; grown together, coalesced : Opposed to ABSTRACT. *Con-cre-tion (k6n-kre'shun), n. The act of concreting; a mass, concrement, concrete. Con-cre-tive (k6n-kre'tiv), a. Causing concretion, coagulative. Con-cur (k6n-kur'), v. i. To meet in one point ; to agree ; to be conjoined ; to coincide, combine. (ap. p. — with persons, in or on measures, to effects.) [158-4.] Con-cur'ring, p. pre. *Con-cur'red, p. prf. *Con-cur-rence (k6n-kur'rense), ft. Union; association; combi- nation; agreement; help. Con-cur'ren n ces, n. pi. Con-cur-rent ^n-kur'rent), a. Acting in conjunction; concom- 106 itant: — n., a contributing cause; a joint cause. Con-cur-rent-ly (k&n-kur'rSnt- v le), ad. With concurrence, co- incidentty. *Con-cus-sion (k6n-kdsh'un), n. The act of shaking ; agitation ; jar. [217-2.] Con-cus-sive (k6n-kus'slv), a. Capable of being shaken. *Con-demn (k6n-dem')> v. U To pronounce guilty; to doom to punishment ; to censure ; to blame ; to pronounce unfit, (ap. p.— to.) [105-12.] [220-10.] *CoN-DEM-NA-BLE(k6n-dem'na v bl) a. Blamable, culpable. Con-dem-na-tion (^n-dSm-na'- shun), n. The act of condemn- ing ; state of being condemned ; sentence to punishment; cen- sure. [278-3.] Con-dem-na-tor-y (k6n-deui'na- Hur-re), a. Passing condemnation. *Con-i>em-ner (kon-dem'nur), n. One who condemns ; a blamer. *Con-den-sa-ble (k6n-den'sa v bl), a. Capable of condensation. Con-den-sate (k6n-den'sate), v. t. To make dense : — v. i., to grow dense. Con-den'sa n ting, p. prs. Con-den-sa-tddn ( x k6n-de l n-sa'- shun), n. The act of making or becoming dense. f Con-den-sa-tive (k6n-den'sa v tiv), a. Condensable; compressible. Con-dense (k6n-dense')> v. t. To make more dense; to thicken; to compress; to condensate; to abridge [246-10] : — v. i., to grow more dense ; to condensate. Con-den'sing, p. prs. Con-dens-er (k6n-dens'ur), n. He or that which condenses ; a vessel for condensing air or steam. Con-den-si-ty (k&n-den'se x te), n. Denseness, condensation. Con-den'si v ties, n. pi. *Con-de-scend fkon-de-send'), v. i. To descend from the privi- leges of superior rank ; to bend, stoop, yield, (ap. p.— to.) [326.] v Con-de-scend'ing, p. pr8. : — a., stooping; kind; yielding. *Con-de-scen-sion (^n-de-seV- shun), n. Voluntary humilia- tion ; descent from superiority ; deference. Con-dign (k6n-dlne')> a. Suitable, deserved, merited, fit. Con-dign-ly (k6n-dlne'le), ad. Deservedly ; suitably. *Con-dign-ness ^n-dlne'nSs), n. Justness ; fitness. Con-di-ment (k6n , de > m^nt), n. Seasoning ; sauce. Con-di-tion (k6n-dish'un), n. Tem- per; quality ; state ; rank; stip- ulation ; terms of compact [100-19] : — v. I., to make terms ; to stipulate. Con-di-tion-al (k6n-dish , iin > al), a. Implying stipulation ; not absolute; dependent. Con-di-tion-al-ly (k6n-dlsh'un- ^al-le), ad. With limitations. Con-di-tion-ed (k6n-dlsh'und), a. Having qualities; stipulated. Con-dole (k6n-d61e / ) J v. i. To lament with and for others; to sympathize. [85-34.] f Con-do'ling, p. prs. Con-dole-ment (k6n-d61e'ment), n. Mutual grief; condolence. Con-do-lence (k6n-d6'lense), n. Grief for the sorrows of another, sympathetic sorrow. [302-2.] Con-dor (kon'dor), n. The great vulture of the Andes. Con-duce (k&n-duse'), v. i. To promote an end; to contribute to ; to tend to ; to serve, (ap. p.— to.) *C0N-DU'CING, p. prs. *Con-du-ci-ble (k&n-duWbl), ) Con-du-cive (k6n-du'slv), J a. Promoting ; tending to ; contributing. CON CON nflr, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611- -pMnd — thin, this. CON Con-du-cive-ness (k6n-du'siv Ws), n. The quality of con- ducing. Con-duct (k6n'dukt), n. Manage- ment ; economy ; convoy ; be- havior. Con-duct (k6n-dukt')> *>. t. To lead, direct, accompany, manage. Con-duc-tion (k6n-duk'shun), n. Transmission by a conductor j the act of conducting. Con-duc-tive (k6n-duk'tlv),a. Di- recting, managing, transmitting, *Con-duct-or (k6n-dukt'ur), n. He or that which conducts ; leader ; a chief ; a manager ; a director ; a substance capable of transmitting heat, electricity, or sound. Con-duct-ress (k6n-dukt'r6s), n. A woman who conducts. Con-duct'ress^es, n. pi. *Con-duit (k6n'dlt or k6n'dwlt), n. A water-pipe; a canal; a duct. Cone (kone), n. A solid body hav- ing a circular base, from which it tapers to a point at the top ; a cone-shaped fruit, as of the fir-tree. J0t* Mathematically defined, "a cone is a solid described by the revolution of a right-angled triangle about one of its legs, which remains fixed." The figures formed upon the cut- surfaces of cones, by plane- cleavage in all possible direc- tions, are, the triangle, circle, ellipsis, parabola, and hyper- bola : these are conic sections. The term Conic Sections, how- ever,usually comprehends only the ellipsis, parabola, and hy- perbola. For concise informa- tion, see "Vogdes's Mensura- tion," p. 110. Con-fab-u-late (k&n-fab'uMate), v. i. To talk familiarly; to chat. Con-fab'u n la-ting, p. prs. Con-fab-u-la-tion (k6n > fab-u-la'- shdn), n. Chat, talk, conver sation. Con-fect (kon'fekt), ] Con-fec-tion (k6n-f£k'shun), j A sweetmeat ; a mixture. Con-fec-tion-er (k6n-fek , shun Mir), n. One who makes or sells sweetmeats. Con-fec-tion-er-y (k6n-f£k'shun ^r-re), n. A place where sweet- meats are made or sold ; sweet- meats. '^Con-fec'tio^er-ies, n. pi. CoN-FED-ER-A-cY(k6n-fe i d'eVa-se), n. League, union; federal com- pact, alliance, confederation. *Con-fed'er n a-cies, n. pi. Con-fed-er-ate (kon-fM'eyate), v. t. or v. i. To join in a league; to ally. Con-fed'er v a-ting, p. prs. Con-fed-er-ate (k6n-fed'eVlt), a. United in a league ; allied : — »., an ally, accomplice. Con-fed-er-a-tion (k6n > fe , d-e , r-a'- shun), n. League, alliance, com- pact, confederacy ; parties allied Con-fer (k6n-feV), v. i. To dis- course together; to consult:— v. t. y to give, bestow, grant, (ap p.— on,upon.) [128-35.] [187-8.] Con-fer'ring, p. prs. *Con-fer'red, p. prf. Con-fer-ence (k6n'fdr > £nse), n. Formal discourse; oral discus- sion ; conversation ; a stated business-meeting of pastors in the Methodist-Episcopal Church. *Con'fer x en-ces, n.pl. Con-fess (k6n-feV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, confesses.] To hear confession ; to acknowledge a crime ; to own, avow, grant. [261-7.] Con-fes-sed-ly (k6n-feVs£d x le), ad. Avowedly, indisputably. *Con-fes-sion (kftn-fe'sh'un), n. The act of confessing ; the thing confessed; avowal; acknowledg- ment ; articles of religious faith. *Con-fes-sor (k6n'feVsur or k6n- feVsur), n. One who makes or hears confessions. Con-fi-dant ( x k6n-fe-dant r or kon'- fe'dant), ». One trusted with secrets ; a confidential friend. *Con-fi-dante ( N k6n-fe-dant'), n. A female confidant. Con-fide (k6n-flde'),v.i. To rely on ; to trust (ap. p. — in) [46-9] : — v. t., to trust ; to intrust. (ap. p. — to.) Con-fi'ding, p. prs. Con-fi-dence (k&n'feMe'nse), n. Firm belief; trust ; reliance ; boldness. [54-5.] [249-6.] Con-fi-dent (k6n'fe x de*nt), a. Fully assured; positive; daring; bold; impudent [374-26] : — n., confi- dant, which see. CoN-Fi-DEN-TiAL( v k6n-fe-deVshal) a. Trusty ; faithful ; private. *CON-FI-DEN-TIAL-LY ( > k6n-fe- den'shaHe), ad. In confidence. Con-fi-dent-ly (k&n'feMe*nt-le), ad. Without doubt or fear; with firm trust ; positively. Con-fig-u-ra-tion (k6n x flg-u-ra'- shun), n. External form ; figure ; aspect of planets. Con-fig-ure (kSn-flg'ure), v. t. To dispose into any form. Con-fig'u x ring, p. prs. Con-fin-a-ble (kSn-fln'a^bl), a. Capable of limitation. Con-fine (kon'flne), n. Common boundary; border,edge.[85-ll.]f Con-fine (k6n-flne r ), v. i. To border upon : — v. t., to limit ; to imprison ; to restrain. [222-28.] Con-fi'ning, p. prs. Con-fine-ment (kon-flne'me ! nt), n. Imprisonment ; restraint of liberty. Con-firm (k&n-fSrm'), v. t. To put past doubt ; to establish; to strengthen ; to corroborate ; to verify ; to ratify ; to admit to the full privileges of a Christian church by aspeeialrite. [134-12.] 107 CON CON Fate, far, fill, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n&, move, CON Con-firm-a-ble (k6n-fe ! rnr'a v bl), a. Capable of confirmation. Con-firm-a-tion (Ms&n-fSrm-a' shun), n. The act of establish ing; evidence; proof; corrobo ration ; verification ; an ecclesi astical rite. Con-firm- a-tive (k6n-f5rm'a r tlv), Con-firm-a-tor-y (k6n-fe'rm'&- Hur-re), a. Having power to confirm ; serving to establish ; corroborative. Con-firm-ed-ness (k&n-fe'rm'e'd- v nls), n. The state of being con- firmed or settled. Con-firm-er (k6n-f^rm'ur), n. One who confirms. Con-firm-ing-ly (k6n-f&rm'lng- v le), ad. In a corroborative manner. #Con-fis-ca-ble (k&n-fls'ka x bl), a. Liable to confiscation or for- feiture. Con-fis-c ate (k6n-fls'kateor k&n'- fls x kate), v. t. To transfer pri- vate property to the state by way of penalty ; to cause to be forfeited : — a., forfeited to the state. Con-fis'caVing, p. prs. CoN-Fis-CA-TiONfk6n-fis-ka'shun) n. The act of transferring the property of a criminal to the state ; forfeiture. Con-fis-ca-tor (k&n'fVka-tur), n. One who confiscates. Con-fis-ca-tor-y (k6n-fis'ka v tur- re), a. Consigning to forfeiture. Con-fla-grant (k6n-fla'grant), a. Burning together ; involved in a common flame. Con-fla-gra-tion (^n-fla-gra'- shun), n. A great or general fire. Con-flict (k&n'flikt), n. Collision ; opposition; a combat; conten- tion, strife ; struggle. Con-flict (k6n-flikt'), v. i. To contest ; to struggle ; to contend with ; to oppose. 108 Con-flu-ence (k6n'flu v ense), n. The junction of several streams the act of crowding to a place ; a concourse, collection, concur- rence. Con'flu x en-ces, n. pi. Con-flu-ent (k&n'flu^nt),**. Flow- ing together ; meeting : — n., a tributary stream. Con-flux (k6n'fluks), n. Union of several currents ; crowd. Con'fltjx x es, n. pi. Con-form (k6n-fdrm'), v. t. To make of like form : — v. i., to comply with ; to yield ; to live or act in conformity to. (ap. p.— to.) Con-form-a-ble (k&n-fdrm'a^bl), a. Similar ; agreeable ; suit- able ; corresponding with. (ap. p.— to.) Con-form-a-bly (k6n-f5rm'a v ble), ad. With conformity; suitably, agreeably, (ap. p. — to.) Con-form-a-tion ( x k6n-fdrm-a'- shun), n. The act of conform- ing ; correspondence of form ; structure. Con-form-ist (k6n-f5rmlst), n. One who conforms to the worship of the Church of England. Con-form-i-ty (k6n-f6rin'eHe), n. Compliance with ; similitude ; resemblance, (ap. p. — to.) Con-found (k6n-f6und')> v. t. To mingle ; to perplex ; to abash ; to astonish; to destroy. [68-8.] Con-fra-ter-ni-ty (^kftn-fra-teV- ne^te), n. A religious broth- erhood. * n Con-fra-ter'ni a ties, n. pi. Con-front (k6n-fr6nt' or k6n- frunt'), v. t. To stand face to face, in opposition; to oppose; to compare. [275-13.] Con-fuse (k6n-fuze'), v. t. To disorder ; to perplex ; to abash ; to confound ; to disconcert. [79-3.] [168-12.] CON-FU'SING, p. pr8. Con-fu-sed-ly (k6n-fu , z§d > le), ad» Indistinctly ; not clearly. C0N-FU-SED-NESS(k6n-fu , zM V n§s), n. Want of distinctness ; con- fusion. *Con-fu-sion (k6n-fu'zhun), n. Promiscuous mixture ; astonish- ment; tumult; distraction of mind ; overthrow. [66-29.1 [173-4.] Con-fu-ta-ble (k&n-fuWbl), a. Possible to be disproved; refu- table. Con-fu-tant (k6n-fu'tant), ) Con-fu-ter (k6n-fu'tiir), J n ' One who confutes. Con-fu-ta-tion ( v k6n-fu-ta'shun), n. Act of confuting ; refutation. Con-fute (k6n-fute'), v. t. To convict of error, disprove, refute. Con-fu'ting, p. prs. *Con-ge (k6n'je or k6n-je'), v. i. To take leave : — n., act of rever- ence or courtesy ; bow ; leave ; farewell. *Con-geal (k6n-jeel'), v. t. To turn by cold from a fluid to a solid state ; to freeze; to harden : — v. i. y to concrete by cold; to freeze. Con-geal-a-ble (kon-jeel'a^bl), a. Susceptible of congelation. Con-geal-ment (k6n-jeerment), n. The clot formed by congelation ; a congelation, concretion. *CoN-GE-LA-TioN( x k6n-je-la'shun) n. The act or state of changing from a fluid to a solid ; a con- gealment ; a concretion. *Con-gen-er (kftn'je'n-er), n. One of the same nature or origin. *CoN-GE-NER-ic( x k6n-je-neVik), ) Con-gen-er-ous (k6n-jeVeVus), j a. Being of the same kind or genus. Con-ge-ni-al (k&n-je'ne'al or k6n- je'nyal), a. Of the same nature; like in disposition ; kindred ; cognate. (ap. p. — to, with.) [88-37.] [303-26.] wmm CON CON n6r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — Ml — pMnd — thin, this. CON *Con-ge-ni-al-i-ty (k6n N je-ne-al / - leHe), n. Likeness of nature or origin ; resemblance and suita- bleness ; congenialness. Con-ge-ni-al-ness (kSn-je'n£-al- v n£s), n. Congeniality. *Con-ger (k6ng'gur), n. The sea-eel. *CoN-GE-Ri-Es(k6n-je'r^ez), n.sing. or pi. A mass of small bodies. *Con-gest (k6n-j6st'), v. t. To heap up ; to accumulate ; to gather. Con-ges-tion (k6n-jes'tshun), n. A collection of matter ; an exces- sive accumulation of blood or humors. Con-ges-tive (k&n-jeVtlv), a. Im- plying or tending to congestion. *Con-gla-ci-ate (k6n-gla'she v ate), v. i. To turn to ice ; to freeze ; to congeal. Con-gla'ci\a-ting, p. pT8. Con-gla-ci-a-tion (k6n r gla-she- a'shun), n. The act or state of changing into ice; a freezing. CoN-GLO-BATE(k6n-gWbate), ) . Con-globe (k6n-gl6be'), J v ' To gather into a ball. Con-glo'ba^ting, ) CON-GLO'BING, J P ' PV8 ' Con-glo-bate (k6n-gl6'blt), a. Formed or moulded into a balL Con-glo-ba-tion ( N k6n-gl6-ba'- shun), n. Collection into a ball; a round body. CoN-GLOB-u-LATE(k6n-gl6b'u x late), v. t. To gather into a globule. Con-glob' u x la-ting, p. prs. Con-glom-er-ate (k&n-gl6m'er- x ate), v. t. To gather into a ball. Con-glom'er n a-ting, p. prs. Con-glom-er-ate (k6n-gl&ui'eVit), a. Gathered into a ball: — n., a mineral formed of pebbles ce- mented together. Con-glom-er-a-tion (k6n x gl6m-er- a'shun), n. Collection into a ball; mixture. Cox-GLU-Ti-NANT(k&n-glu'te v nant), a. Uniting ; closing up. CoN-GLU-Ti-NATE(k6n-glu'te v nate), v. t. To reunite; to cement; to glue ; to heal : — v. i., to co- alesce ; to unite. Con-glu'tiVa-ting, p. prs. *CoN-GLTT-TI-NA-TION (k6n V glute- na'shdn), n. The act of uniting by adhesive matter. Con-grat-u-lant (k6n-grat'yu- x lant), a. Rejoicing in partici- pation. Con-grat-tt-late (k&n-grat'yu- Hate), v. t. To compliment upon any happy event : to wish joy to (ap. p. — on, upon) : — v. i., to re- joice in participation. Con-grat'u^la-ting, p. prs. Con-grat-tt-la-tion (kSn x grat-yu- la'shiin), n. An expression of joy at the happiness or success of another; felicitation. [259-8.] Con-grat-u-la-tor (kon-grat'yu- x la-tur),n.One who congratulates. ^C0N-GRAT-U-LA-T0R-Y(k6n-grat / - yu x la-tur y re), a. Expressing joy for the good fortune of another. Cqn-gre-gate (k6ng'gre x gate), v. t. To collect ; to gather : — v. i., to assemble; to meet: — a., congre- gated, collected, compact. Con'gre\ja-ting, p. prs. Con-gre-ga-tion ( N k&ng-gr£-ga'- shun), n. An assembly met to worship God; a collection; an assemblage. Con-gre-ga-tion-al (^k6ng-gre- ga'shun N al), a. Public ; pertain- ing to a congregation or Congre- gationalism. CON-GRE-GA-TlON-AL-ISM fk&ng- gr&-ga'shun-arizni),/i. The doc- trine of the adequacy of each con- gregation to govern itself. CON-GRE-GA-TION-AL-IST ( X k6ng- gre-ga / shun-al v lst), n. One who adheres to Congregationalism ; an Independent. Con-gress (k6ng'gres), n. A meet- ing ; an assembly ; the Legisla- ture of the United States. 10 *Con'gress n es, n. pi. Con-gres-sion-al (k&n-gresh'un- y al), a. Relating to the Congress of the United States ; parlia- mentary. Con-gres-sive (k6n-greVslv), a. Meeting, encountering. Con-gru-ence (k6ng'gru^nse), *Con-gru-en-cy (kong'gru gn-se), n. Agreement; correspondence; consistency. Con-grtt-ent (k&ng'gru^nt), a. Agreeing; correspondent. *Con-gru-i-ty (kon-gru'e x te), n. Suitableness, consistency, fitness. CON-GRU'l V TIES, n. pi. *Con-gru-ous (kSng'grMs), a. Consistent with; suitable to; meet. CoN-GRtr-ous-LY (k6ng'gru'us-le), ad. Suitably, pertinently, meetly. Con-i-cal (kon'e'kal), ) a. Having Con-ic (k&n'lk), J the form of a cone. Con-i-cal-ly (k&n'e^kal-U), ad. In form of a cone. *Con-ics (k6n'iks), n. pi. That part of geometry which treats of the cone and the figures aris- ing from its sections ; the doc- trine of Conic Sections. See CONE. Co-nif-er-otjs (k6-nlf^r v us), a. Bearing cones or conical fruit. -Co-ni-form (k6'ne r f6rm), a. Hav- ing the form of a cone. Con-jec-tu-ra-ble (kftn-jlk'tshu- Va-bl), a. Possible to be guessed. Con-jec-tu-ral (k6n-jek'tshuVal), a. Depending on conjecture. Con-jec-tu-ral-ly ^n-jeVtshu- Val-le), ad. By conjecture or guess ; without proof. Con-jec-ture (kdn-j&k'tshur), n. Imperfect knowledge ; surmise ; guess [36-24] [268-9] :— v. t. y to guess; to judge by guess; to suppose : — v. -»., to frame con- jectures. Con-jec'tu x ring, p. prs. 309 CON CON Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, CON Con-jec-tur-er (kSn-j^k'tshur- v ur), n. One who conjectures ; a guesser. Con-join (k6n-j51n / ), v. t. To as- sociate ; to unite ; to connect : — v. i., to league, join, unite. Con-joint (k6n-j6inf), a. United, connected, associate. Con-joint-ly (k6n-j61nt'l&), ad. In union, together, unitedly. Con-ju-gal (kftn'jtOgal), a. Be- longing to marriage,matrimonial. Con-ju-gal-ly (k6n'ju x gal-le), ad. Matrimonially. Con-ju-gate (k6n'ju x gate), v. t. To join in marriage, unite; to inflect or decline grammatically. Con'ju^GA-ting, p. prs. Con-ju-ga-tion ( x k6n-ju-ga'shun), n. The act of uniting; the form of inflecting verbs ; union. Con-junct (k&n-jungkt'), a. Con- joined, concurrent, united, joint. Con-jtjnc-tion (k&n-jungk'shun), n. Union, league, meeting; a part of speech which connects words or sentences, f Con-jtjnct-iye (k&n-jungkt'lv), a. Closely united ; uniting. Con-junct-ive-ly (k&n-jungkt'iv- v l£), ad. Jointly, conjunctly. Con-jttnct-ly (k&n-jungkt'le), ad. Jointly; in conjunction. *CoN-JUNC-TURE(k6n-jungk / tshur) h. A combination of circum- stances ; critical time ; occasion ; crisis; contingency. [256-4.] Con-ju-ra-tion ( x k6n-ju-ra'shun), n. An incantation ; an enchant- ment ; a charm ; a plot. Con- jure (kun'jur), v. i. To prac- tice charms or enchantments : — v. t., to invoke spirits by en- chantment; to cause to appear by incantation. [351-21.] Con'jur x ing, p. prs. Con-jure (k6n-jure'), v* t. To summon in a sacred name; to enjoin solemnly; to bind by oath. [63-10.] 110 Con-ju'ring, p. prs. ^Con-jur-er (kun'jur^ur), n. An enchanter, magician, sorcerer, wizard, fortune-teller. *Con-nate (k6n-nate / or k&n'nate), a. Born with another; born at the same time; growing together. Con-nat-u-ral (k&n-natsh'uVal), a. Suitable to one's nature ; of the same nature. *Con-nat-u-ral-ly (k&n-natsh'u- Val-le), ad. By nature, originally. Con-nect (k6n-n£kt')> v. t. To tie; to join; to unite: — v. i. f to co- here; to be united, (ap.p. — with.) Con-nect-ed-ly (kon-n3kt'&ri&), ad. By connection. *Con-nec-tion ) (k6n-nek'shun)n. Con-nex-ion J Union, junction ; relation by blood or marriage; coherence. [94-20.] Con-nec-tive (kftn-neVtlv), a. Having power to connect: — n. t that which connects : — in Gram- mar, a conjunction or prepo- sition. Con-nect-ive-ly (k&n-nfikt'lv v l&), ad. In conjunction, in union. *Con-ni-vance (k6n-nl'vanse), n. Voluntary blindness to an act; secret assistance. Con-nive (k6n-nive A ), v. i. To wink at; to forbear to see. [221-7.] Con-ni'ving, p. prs. Con-ni-ver (k6n-ni r vlr), n. One who connives, #Con-nois-seur ( x k&-ne s s-sare / or x k6n-neVsur A ), n. A judge in art or literature; a critic. *Con-nu-bi-al (kftn-nu'be^al), «. Pertaining to marriage ; nuptial ; conjugal ; matrimonial. f Co-noid (k6-n6id'), n. A figure resembling a cone. *Co-noid-al (ko-n61d'al), a. Of the form of a cone; approaching a conic form. Con-quer (kongk'ur), v. t. To over- come, subdue, subjugate ; to sur- mount : — v. % to gain the victory. Con-quer-a-ble (k6ngk'ur x a-bl), a. Possible to be overcome. *Con-quer-or (k6ngk'ur r iir), n. A victor; one that subdues. Con-quest (k6ng r kw§st), n. The act of conquering; subjection; acquisition by victory ; victory. *Con-san-guin-e-ous ( r k&n-sang- gwin'eNis), a. Related by birth or blood. *Con-san-guin-i-ty (M^n-sang- gwin'e y te), ». Relation by birth or blood. ^Con-science (k6n'shense), n. The faculty of knowing right from wrong; scruple; justice. [68-32.] [342-19.] *Con-sci-en-tious ( x k&n-she-eV- shus), a. Regulated by con- science; scrupulous; exact, just. Con-sci-en-tious-ly fkdn-she- dn'shtis-le), ad. According to the dictates of conscience. #CoN-sci-EN-Tious-NESS( > k6n-she- Sn'shus^e's), n. A scrupulous regard to conscience ; exactness of justice. *CoN-scioN-A-BLE(k6n , shun > a-bl), a. Reasonable; just. Con-scion-a-bly (kdn'shun^a-bie), ad. Reasonably; justly. *Con-scious (k&n'shus), a. Know- ing one's own thoughts and ac- tions; knowing by mental per- ception; sensible, {ap.p. — of.) [84-20.]f Con-scious-ly (k&n'shus^le), ad. With knowledge of one's own thoughts and actions. [143-6.] Con-scious-ness (kon'shtis^nes), ?>. The perception of what passes in one's own mind; internal sense of guilt or innocence. [17-2.] [251-16.] Con-script (kSn'skrlpt), a. Regis- tered ; enrolled : — »., one en- rolled for the army. Con-scrip-tion (kon-skrlp'shun ), n. A registering; a compulsory enrollment for the army. CON CON n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— Ml— pMnd — thin, this. CON Con-se-crate (k6n'se%rate), v. t. To devote to sacred uses,* to dedicate; to make sacred (ap. p. — to) [156-23] :^— a., sacred, devoted; dedicated. Con'seVra-ting, p. prs. Con-se-cra-tion ( v k6n-se-kra'~ shun), n. A rite of dedicating to the service of God ; canonization. #Con-se-cra-tor (M^n-se-kra'- tur), ft. One who consecrates. Con-sec-ta-ry (k6n'sekHa-re), a. Consequent : — ft., a deduction from premises. Con-sec-u-tive (k&n-seVu x tlv), a. Following in order; successive; serial. Con-sec-u-tive-ly (k&n-sSk'uHlv- le), ad. Successively ; in order. Con-sent (k6n-sent'), n. Agree- ment to something proposed ; compliance ; assent : — v. i. f to agree to; to yield, comply, as- sent, {ap. p.— to.) [163-18.] Con-sen-ta-ne-ous ( x k6n-sen-ta/- neNis), a. Agreeable to; con- sistent with, accordant. Con-sen-ta-ne-ous-ly fkSn-sen- ta'ne-us v le), ad. Agreeably, con- sistently, suitably. CON-SEN-TA-NE-OUS-NESS (\bn- sen-ta'ne-us x n£s), n. Agreement. *CoN-SEN-Ti-ENT(k6n-seVshe x ent), a. Agreeing, united in opinion. Con-se-quence (kon'se^kwense), w. That which follows from any cause or principle ; an effect, re- sult; inference; importance, mo- ment. [71-32.] [200-8.] Con-sequent (k&n'se^kwent), a. Following as an effect or infer- ence: — n., effect; consequence: — see proportion. Con-se-quen-tial ( x k6n-se-kweV- shal), a. Following as an effect, consequent ; important ; con- ceited, pompous. CON-SE-QUEN-TIAL-LY (^k&n-Se- kweVshalHe), ad. By conse- quence; pompously. Con-se-quent-ly (k&n'se x kwent- le), ad. By consequence, effect, or inference; necessarily, t Con-ser-va-ble (k6n-ser'vaibl), a. Capable of being kept. Con-ser-va-tion ( v k6n-ser-va'- shun), n. The act of preserving; protection ; preservation. CoN-SER-vA-TiSM(k6n-ser'va v tlzm) ft. Opposition to change exist- ing institutions. Con-ser-va-tive (k6n-seVvaHiv), a. Having power or disposition to preserve : — ft., one opposed to change. Con-ser-va-tor ( x k6n-se>-va'tur), ft. A preserver, protector, keeper. *Con-ser-va-tor-y (k6n-ser'va- x tur-re), n. A place where any thing is kept; a greenhouse for exotic plants : — a. } preservative, conservative. Con-ser'vaVor-ies, ft. pi. Con-serve (kon'serv), n. A sweet- meat made of preserved fruit. Con-serve (k6n-serv'), v. t. To preserve; to candy fruit. [360-20.] Con-serv'ing, p. prs. Con-std-er (kon-sld'ur), v. t. To think upon; to ponder; to es- teem [67-8] [184-20] :— v. i., to reflect; to deliberate. *Con-sid-er-a-ble (k6n-sld'ur x a- bl), a. Worthy of consideration ; respectable ; important ; valu- able ; more than a little. [72-1.] f Con-sid-er-a-bly (k6n-sid'ur'a- ble), ad. In a considerable degree. Con-sid-er-ate (kon-sid'iirlt), a. Thoughtful; prudent; regardful. Con-sid-er-ate-ly (k&n-sid'ur- x lt-le), ad. Prudently, regard- fully. Con-sid-er-ate-ness (k6n-sld'ur- lt N nes), ft. Prudence; calm de- liberation. Con-sid-er-a-tion (k6n\sid~ur-a' shun), ft. Regard; notice; pru- dence; importance; compensa- tion; motive. [83-12.] [181-13.] Con-sid-er-er (k&n-sld'ur x ur), n. One who considers. Con-sign (k&n-slne'), v. t. To make over; to transfer; to com- mit, intrust, (ap. p. — to.) *Con-sign-ee fk&n-se-nee'), n. One to whom a thing is con- signed. Con-sign-er (k6n-slne'ur), ft. One who consigns. *Con-sign-ment (k6n-slne / ment), ft. The act of consigning; the writing by which any thing is consigned; the thing consigned. *Con-sign-or ( x k6n-sin-6r' or k&n- sin'ur), n. One who consigns : — same as consigner. Con-sist (k6n-slsf), v. L To continue fixed ; to be com- prised (ap. p. — in) ; to be con- tained in ; to be composed (ap. p. — of) ; to agree, (ap. p.—* with.) [83-18.] -Con-sist-ence ^n-sist'ense), ) Con-sist-en-cy (k&n-sist'Sn x se), } ft. Natural state of bodies ; de- gree of density ; substance ; agreement with itself, congruity. [54-28.] [272.] CON-SIST-EN-CES, ) , CON-SIST-EN-CIES, j W ' -P ' Con-sist-ent (k6n-sist'ent), a. Conformable, agreeing, compati- ble ; firm ; not fluid, (ap. p. — with.) [147-15.] [226-19.] Con-sist-ent-ly (kon-slst'entHe), ad. Agreeably, compatibly. CoN-sis-TO-Ri-AL(^k6n-sls-t6're v al), a. Relating to a consistory. *Con-sist-or-y (k6n-sist'ur x re or k6n'sis x tur-re), n. An ecclesi- astical court; any solemn as- sembly. Con-sist'or^ies, ft. pi. Con-so-ci-ate (k6n-s6'shelt), ft. An associate ; a partner. Con-so-ci-ate (k6n-s6'she x ate), v. t. To associate ; to unite in a body ; to join : — v. i., to meet in a body, associate, coalesce. Ill CON Fate, fiLr, fdll, f^fc- CON -me, mSt- -plne, pin — no, mSve, CON CoN-SO'CI v A-TING, p. pre. Con-so-ci-a-tion (k&n's&-sh£-a j shun), n. Alliance ; association ; union ; fellowship ; an ecclesi- astical meeting. Con-so-ci-a-tion-al (k6n > s6-she- a'shun-al), a. Pertaining to a consociation. Con-so-la-ble (k6n-s6'laNbl), a. Admitting comfort. Con-so-la-tion ('kftn-sft-la'shun), n. Comfort; solace; alleviation of misery. [88-34] [278-24.] *Con-sol-a-tor-y (k6n-s&l'laHur- r&), a. Comforting, consoling. Con-sole (k6n's6le), n. A bracket or shoulder-piece. Con-sole (k6n-s61e'), v. t. To com- fort; to cheer; to solace; to soothe.f Con-so'ling, p. prs. Con-so-ler (k&n-s6 r lfir), n. One who consoles ; a comforter. Con-sol-i-date (k6n-s61'e v date), v. t. To make hard or firm ; to unite into one body : — v. i. f to grow hard or solid. Con-solVda-ting, p. prs. *CoN-soL-i-r>A-TioN(k6n v s61-e-da'- shun),n. The act of consolidating. *Con-sols (k6n-s6ls' or k6n's&ls), n. pi. The three-per-cent. con- solidated annuities (part of the funded debt of Great Britain). *Con-so-nance (k6n's6 N nanse), n. Accord of sound; consistency; agreement; harmony. *Con-so-nant (k6n's6^nant), a. Agreeing ; agreeable ; consistent (ap. p. — to, with) : — n., a letter which can not be fully sounded except in connection with avowel. Con-so-nant-ly (k6n's6 v nant-le), ad. Consistently, agreeably. CoN-so-Nous(k6n's6\ius),a.Agree- ing in sound. Con-sort (k&n'sort), n. A com panion, partner ; a wife or hus- band ; an accompanying vessel. [148-13.] 112 Con-sort (k6n-s&rf), v. i. To as sociate (ap. p. — with) : — v. t., to join, mix, marry. Con-sort'ing, p. prs. *Con-spic-u-i-ty ( v k6n-splk-u'e- x tej, n. Obviousness, brightness. *Con-spic-u-ous (k6n-spik'u N us), a. Obvious to the sight; emi- nent ; prominent. [100-33.] [221-8.] CoN-spic-u-ous-LY(k6n-splk'u x us- le), ad. Obviously to the view; eminently, plainly, openly. Con-spic-u-ous-ness (k6n-spik'u- ^us-nls), n. Eminence, celebrity. Con-spir-a-cy (k&n-spir'a N se), n. A plot; a concerted treason; a combination for an evil design. *Con-spir'a\)Ies, n. pi. *Con-spir-ant (k6n-splr'ant), a. Conspiring, plotting. *Con-spir-a-tor (k&n-splr'aHur), n. One engaged in a plot. [295-13.] Con-spire (k&n-splre'), v. i. To concert a crime ; to plot; to agree together. [78-21.] [257-18.] Con-spi'ring, p. pre. Con-spir-er (k&n-splr'ur), n. One who conspires ; a conspirator. Con-sta-ble (kun'sta^bl), n. A peace-officer. Con-stab-u-la-ry (k&n-stab'u x la- re), a. Relating to constables. *Con-stan-cy (k6n'st{Wse), n. Fixedness, stability, steadiness; lasting affection; firmness of mind. [134-32.] [220-13.] Con-stant (k&n'stant), a. Firm ; fixed; unvaried; resolute; per- petual ; faithful in affection ; steadfast. Con-stant-ly (k&n'stantMe), ad. Perpetually, steadily, invariably. Con-stel-la-tion (Mi6n-stel-la'- shun), n. A cluster of fixed stars. [177-7.] Con-ster-na-tion ( > k6n-ste'r-na'- shun), n. Astonishment, terror, surprise. Con-sti-pate (k6n'ste'pate), v. t. To thicken, condense; to make costive; to stop up. Con'stiVa-ting, p. prs. CoN-STi-PA-TioN( v k6n-ste-pa'shun) n. Condensation; eostiveness. Con-stit-u-en-cy (k&n-stit'u-en- ^se), n. Body of constituents. Con-stitVen-cies, n. pi. *CoN-STiT-iJ-ENT(k6n-stit , u^nt),a. Elementary, essential : — n., he or that which constitutes; an elect- or; one who deputes. f Con-sti-tute (k6n'steHute), v. t. To establish ; to make ; to com- pose ; to form ; to appoint ; to depute. [32-35.] [379-15.] Con'stiVu-ting, p. prs. CoN-STi-TU-TioN( r k&n-ste-tu'shun), n. The act of constituting ; a system of laws ; frame of body or mind; form of government. [63-4.] Con-sti-ttj-tion-al pk&n-ste-tu'- shun^al), a. Consistent with a constitution or fundamental law; legal.f Con-sti-tu-tion-al-ist fk&n-ste- tu'shun-anist), n. An adherent to a constitution. *Con-sti-tu-tion-al-i-ty ( x k6n- ste-tu-shun-aKe v te), n. Accord- ance with the constitution. *C0N-STI-TTJ-TI0N-AL-LY fk6n-Ste- tu'shun-arie), ad. In accord- ance with the constitution. Con-sti-tu-tive (k6n'ste x tu-tlv), a. Composing; essential. Con-strain (k6n-strane'), v. t. To compel ; to force ; to urge ; to necessitate ; to confine by force. Con-strain-a-ble (k&n-strane'a- H>1), a. Liable to constraint. *Con-straint (k6n-stranf), n. Compulsion; violence; confine- ment. Con-strict (kon-strlkt')> v. U To bind, to contract. Con-stric-tion (k&n-strik'shun), n. Contraction, compression. CON CON nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, this. CON *Con-strict-or (k6n-strikt'ur), n. He or that which constricts ; the boa-constrictor. Con-stringe (k6n-strlnje')> «• *• To contract, bind, compress. Con-strin'ging, p. prs. Con-strin-gent (kdn-strln'je'nt), a. Binding, contracting, com- pressing. Cox-struct (k6n-strukf), «• *• To build, erect; to form; to make. [140-28.] * Con-struct-er (kSn-strukt'ur), n. One who constructs. Con-struc-tion (k6n-struk'shun), n. The act or form of building ; structure ; interpretation ; mean- ing; grammatical connection of words; syntax. Con-struc-tion-al (k6n-struk'~ shiWal), a. Relating to mean- ing or interpretation. Con-struc-tion-ist (k6n-struk'- shun v ist), n. One who construes; an adherent to a particular in- terpretation. Con-struct-ive (k&n-strukt'lv), a. Tending to construct; formed by construction or interpretation ; deduced; inferred. Cox-struct-ive-ly (k6n- strukt'- lv x le), ad. By way of construction. CON-STRUCT-IVE-NESS(k6n-Strukt'- lv v nes), n. The faculty of con- structing. Con-struc-ture (k&n-struk'tshur), n. A pile, edifice, fabric, structure. *Con-strue (k6n-str6&'), v. t. To interpret, translate, explain. *Con-stru'ing, p. prs. CON-SUB-STAN-TIAL (Ml&n-Sub- stau'shaP, a. Of the same sub- stance, nature, or essence. CON-SUB-STAN-TIAL-IST ( X k6n-Sub- stan'shaHst), n. One who be- lieves in consubstantiation. CoN-SUB-STAN-TI-AL-I-TY ( X k6n- sub v stan-she-al'le'te), n. Exist- ence of more than one in the same substance. *Con-sub-stan-ti-ate ( x k6n-sub- stan'she N ate), v. t. To unite in one substance or nature. v Con-sub-stan'ti v a-ting, p. prs. *CoN-SUB-STAN-TI-A-TION ( X k6n- suVstan-she-a'shun), n. The union of the real body and blood of Christ with the sacramental elements. *Con-sul (k6n'sul), n. An officer commissioned to protect the com- merce or citizens of his nation in foreign countries ; the chief mag- istrate of the ancient Roman republic, f Con-su-lar (k6n'shu r lar or k6n'- su N lar), a. Relating to a consul. Con-su-late (k6n'shu x lit or k&n'- suHit), n. The ofiice or jurisdic- tion of a consul. Con-sul-ship (koVsuPshlp), n. The ofiice of a consul; a con- sulate. Con-sult (k&n'sult or kSn-sult'), n. The act of consulting; a council ; consultation. Con-sult (kSn-sulf), v. t. To ask advice of; to regard; to act with respect to [112-25] [222-13]:— v. i., to take counsel, (ap. p. — with.) Con-sult-a-tion ( v k6n-sult-a'- shun), n. The act of consult- ing; a consult; a council. [148.] Con-sult-er (k&n-sult'ur), n. One that consults. Con-su-ma-ble (k6n-su , ma > bl), a. Capable of destruction. Con-sume (k6n-sume'), v. t. To waste, spend, destroy [269-8] : — v. i., to be exhausted ; to waste away. Con-su'ming, p. prs. Con-su-mer (k6n-su'mur), n. One who consumes. *Con-sum-mate (k6n-sum'mate or k6n'sum v mate), v. t. To com- plete ; to perfect ; to finish. [360-23.] CON-SUM r MA X TING, p. prs. 10* Con-sum-mate (k6n-suin'mit), a. Complete, perfect, accomplished, finished. Con-sum-mate-ly (kSn-sum' mit- x le), ad. Completely, perfectly. *Con-sum-ma-tion ( N kSn-sum-ma'- shun), n. Completion, perfec- tion, end. [47-10.] [165-21.] *Con-sump-tion (k6n-sum'shun), n. The act of consuming ; waste ; a wasting disease ; decline. Con-sump-tive (k6n-sum'tiv), a. Destructive, wasting ; afflicted with consumption or inclined to it. Con-sump-tive-ly (kon-surn'tiv- He), ad. In a consumptive manner. Con-tact (kftn'takt), n. Touch, close union, juncture. *Con-ta-gion (k&n-ta'jun), n. The communication of disease by contact ; infection ; pestilence ; that which communicates disease by contact ; miasm ; malaria. [236-5.] 7/^" " Contagion and infection are generally esteemed synon- ymous. Frequently, however, the former is applied to dis- eases not produced by contact ; whilst infection is used for those that require positive con- tact." Dunglison. 1857. U.S. "There does not appear to be any distinction commonly made between infectious and contagious diseases." Hooper. 1843. England. "The very evident distinction has long since been made and employed in the United States. Contagion is applied to those diseases which are propagated by contact or close approach. Diseases produced by infection are those contracted from a vitiated atmosphere." Akerly. 1843. U.S. "Who shall decide when doctors disagree ?" Pope. 113 CON CON" Fate, far, fill, fat — m6, met — pine, pin- -n6, move, CON" *Con-ta-gious (k6n-ta'jus), a. Communicable by contact; in- fectious. [338-5.] Con-ta-gious-ness (k6n-ta'jus- nes), n. The quality of being contagious. Con-tain (k6n-tane')> v. t. To hold, include, comprise, restrain. Con-tain-a-ble (k6n-tane'a^bl), a. Capable of being contained. Con-tam -innate (k&n-tam'e x nate), v. t. To defile; to corrupt by base mixture ; to pollute. Con-tam'i v na-ting, p. prs. Con-tam-i-nate (k&n-tam'e^nit), a. Polluted, corrupted. Con-tam-i-na-tion (k6nHam-e-na'- shun), n. Pollution, defilement. *Con-temn (k6n-tem'), v. t. To despise, to scorn,to disdain. [158.] *Con-tem-ner (k6n-tem'nur), n. One who contemns. Con-tem-per (k&n-tSm'pe'r), Con-tem-per-ate (kdn-teWper- \it), v. U To moderate ; to temper. CON-TEM'PER^A-TING, p. pr8. Con-tem-per-a-tion (kdnHSm-per- a'shun), n. The act of moder- ating or tempering. Con-tem-plate (k&n-tem'plate or k6n'tem x plate), v. t. To study, meditate,intend[21-35] [169-14] : — v. i., to muse, meditate, intend. Con-tem'pla^ting, p. prs. Con-tem-pla-tion ( x k6n-tem-pla'- shun), n. Meditation; study. [34.] [248-16.] Con-tem-pla-tive (k6n-teWpla- v tlv), a. Given to thought; medi- tative; studious. [163-21.] *Con-tem-pla-tor (k6n-tem'pla- Hur or k6n'te : m v pla-tur), n. One who contemplates. Con-tem-po-ra-ne-ous (k6nH5m- p6-ra'ne N us), a. Existing at the same time ; contemporary. Con-tem-po-ra-ne-ous-ly (k6n- Hem-p6-ra'ne-us x le), ad. At the same time. 114 Con-tem-po-ra-ry (k6n-tfim'p&- Va-r£), a. Living in the same age ; contemporaneous [353-22] : — n., one who lives at the same time with another. [99-7.] *Con-tem'po n ra-ries, n. pi. Con-tempt (k6n-temt'), n. The act of despising ; scorn ; vileness ; disdain ; disgrace. [112-17.] [259-22.] *Con-tempt-i-ble (k6n-temt'e x bl), a. Deserving scorn ; despicable ; vile; paltry. [184-18.] Con-tempt-i-ble-ness (kon-temf e x bl-nes), n. Vileness, meanness. Con-tempt-i-bly (k6n-t5mt'6 x ble), ad. Despicably, vilely. *Con-temp-tu-ous (k6n-tem'tshu- Ms), a. Scornful, despising. Con-temp-tu-ous-ly (kdn-teW- tshu x us-le), ad. Disdainfully, scornfully. Con-tend (k6n-t£nd'), v. i. To strive ; to struggle ; to dispute. (ap. p. — with, against, for.) CoN-TEND-ER(k6n-t^nd'ur),n.Com- batant, champion. Con-tent (k&n-tent')> a. Satisfied ; easy :— n., satisfaction of mind ; acquiescence ; capacity : — v. t., to satisfy ; to please ; to gratify. Con-ten-tion (k6n-teVshuri), n. Strife, dissension, debate; emu- lation. f *Con-ten-tious (k6n-ten'shus), a. Quarrelsome, perverse. Con-ten-tious-ly (k&n-ten'shus- x le)ac2. Perversely, quarrelsomely. CoN-TEN-Tious-NESs(k6n-t^n'shus- N nes), n. Proneness to contest. Con-tent-ment (k6n-tent'ment), n. Acquiescence ; gratification ; sat- isfaction. [187-21.] Con-tents (koVtents), n. pi. Ca- pacity; that which is contained; the heads of what a book con- tains; index. CoN-TER-Mi-NOUS(k6n-ter'me x nus), a. Having the same bounds; touching, bordering upon. Con-test (k6n't^st), n. Dispute, debate, struggle, combat. Con-test (k6n-t£st'), v. t. To dis- pute; to litigate : — v. i. f to emu- late; to strive; to contend, {op. p. — with.) *Con-test-a-ble (k6n-te'st'a v bl), a. Disputable, controvertible. * Con-test-ant (k6n-t3st'ant), n. One who contests. Con-text (k6n't£kst), n. Parts of a discourse adjoining a desig- nated passage. Con-tex-ture (k&n-t&ks'tshur), n. The composition of parts one among another ; texture. *Con-ti-gu-i-ty ( N k6n-te-gu'eHe), n. Actual contact; nearness of situation, proximity. #Con-tig-u-ous (k6n-tlg / u r ds), a. Meeting so as to touch ; adjoin- ing, adjacent, (ap. p. — to.) [180.] CoN-TiG-u-ous-LY(k6n-tlg / u-us x le), ad. In a manner to touch. Con-ti-nence (k6n'te x nense), j Con-ti-nen-cy (k6n / te x nen-se), ) n. Restraint ; chastity ; self- command. Con-ti-nent (k6n'te > ne , nt), a. Re- strained; chaste; temperate: — n., a great extent of land not separated by the sea. Con-ti-nent-al ( x k6n-te-nent'al), Relating to a continent. CoN-Ti-NENT-LY(k6n / te-n^ntHe)ar/. Chastely, temperately. Con-tin-gence (k6n-tin'jense), ) *CoN-TiN-GEN-cy(k6n-tln / jen x se) j n. Accident, casualty, conjunc- ture, emergency. C0N-TIn'gEN N CES, j . *Con-tin'gen n cies, } n ' P ' Con-tin-gent (k6n-tln'jent), a. Accidental, casual: — w., chance; a proportion, quota, allotment Con-tin-gent-ly (k6n-tln'jentHe), ad. Accidentally, casually. Con-tin-u-AL (k6n-tln'u x al), a. Incessant, uninterrupted, per- petual, continuous. CON CON n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thm, this. CON #Con-tin-u-al-ly (k&n-tln'u x al le), ad. Without pause or ceasing. #Con-tin-tj-ance (k&n-tln'u^anse), n. Abode; duration; perma- nence; perseverance. [247-1.] Con-tin-u-ate (kSn-tin'ult), a. Unbroken, uninterrupted. Con-tin-u-a-tion (k6nHln-u-a'- shdn), n. Uninterrupted pro- traction or succession. *Con-tin-ue (k6n-tln'u), v. i. To remain ; to persevere ; to persist ; to last : — v. t. y to protract; to re- peat, extend. Con-tin'u v ing, p. prs. #Con-ti-nu-i-ty ( N k6n-te-nu'eHe), n. Connection; cohesion. [72.] *Con-tin-u-ous (kon-tln'u^us), a. Closely joined, connected, con- tinual, f Con-tin-u-ous-ly (k6n-tin'u-us- x le), ad. Uninterruptedly. Con-tort (k6n-t6rf), v. t. To twist ; to writhe. Con-tor-tion (k6n-t6r / shun), n. Twisting ; a writhing. *Con-tour (k6n-t66r')> n. The outline. Con-tra (k6n'tra), prp. Against. Con-tra-band (k6n'tra N band), a. Prohibited, illegal: — n., prohib- ited traffic (in time of war). Con-tract (k6n'trakt), n. A bar- gain; a compact, covenant; a Writing containing an agree- ment. / Con-tract (k&n-trakf), v. t. To draw together, shorten ; to cur- tail ; to make a bargain ; to be- troth; to get, as a disease; to incur, as a debt : — v. i., to shrink up ; to bargain. Con-tract'ed, p. prf. : — a., mean, narrow, selfish. Con-tract-ed-ly (k&n-trakt'ed- He), ad. In a contracted manner. Con-tract-ed-ness (k6n-trakf- fid N nes), n. The state of being contracted. *CoN-TRACT-i-BiL-i-TY( x k6n-trakt- e-bil'eHe), n. The quality of suffering contraction; the state of being contractible. *Con-tract-i-ble (k6n-trakt'e- x bl), a. Capable of contraction. *Con-trac-tile (k6n-trak'tll), a. Having power to contract itself. Con-trac-tion (k6n-trak'shuu), n. The act of contracting or short- ening ; abbreviation ; a shrinking. *Con-tract-or (k6n-trakt'ur), n. One who contracts. Con-tra-dict ( x k6n-tra-dlkt')> v. t. To oppose verbally ; to gainsay, deny ; to assert or be contrary to. Con-tra-dic-tion ( x k6n-tra-dlk r - shun), n. Verbal opposition ; inconsistency, contrariety ; a de- nial. [102-37.] [273-18.] *Con-tra-dic-tious ( N k6n-tra- dlk'shus), a. Inclined to con- tradict ; contradicting ; contra- dictory. Con-tra-dict-ive ( x k6n-tra-d!kf- Iv), a. Opposite; contradictory. *C0N-TRA-DICT-0-RI-NESS (Ml&n- tra-dikt'6-re x nes), n. Entire op- position. *Con-tra-dict-or-y ( x k6n-tra- dikt'urVe), a. Opposite to; in- consistent with ; disagreeing. [103-7.] *Con-tra-dis-tinc-tion ( > k6n-tra- dls-tlngk'shun), n. Distinction by opposite qualities. Con-tra-dis-tinc-tive (^kSn-tra- dls-tlngk'tlv), a. Opposite in qualities. *Con-tra-dis-tin-guish f k6n-tra- dis-tlng'gwlsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, contradistinguishes.] To dis- tinguish by opposite qualities. *CoN-TRA-iN-Di-CATE(^k6n-tra-ln'- de x kate), v. t. To indicate the impropriety of a certain method of cure. *Con-tra-ries (k6n'traYlz), n. pi. In Logic, propositions which destroy each other. *CoN-TRA-Ri-E-TY(^kon-tra-ri / e x r.e) n. Opposition; inconsistency. "^CON-TRA-RrVTIES, 71. pi. * C on-tra-ri-l y ( k6n ' tra Ve-le), ad. In an opposite manner. *CoN-TRA-Ri-NESS(k6n'tra N re-n^^), n. Opposition, contrariety. *Con-tra-ri-wise (k6n'tra-re- \vlze),«d. Oppositely,conversely. Con-tra-ry (k6n'traYe), a. Op- posite; contradictory; inconsist- ent; adverse (ap. p. — to): — n. f a thing of opposite qualities : — see contraries, n. pi. Con-trast (k&n'trast), n. Dissimi- larity, antithesis. [57-20.] Con-trast (k&n-trasf), v. t. To place in opposition ; to compare by opposite qualities (ap. p. — with) : — y. i., to stand in oppo- sition, (ap. p. — with.)f *Con-tra-val-la-tion ( N k6n-tra- val-la r shun), n. A fortification raised by besiegers. CoN-TRA-VENE( v k6n-tra-vene'),t?.£. To oppose, obstruct, bafile. * v Con-tra-ve'ning, p. prs. *Con-tra-ven-tion pk&n-tra- veVshun), n. Opposition; vio- lation. * Con-trib-u-ta-r y (k6n-trlb'u > ta- re), a. Paying tribute to the same sovereign or ruler. Con-trib-ute (k&n-trlb'ute), v. U To give to some common stock ; to subscribe; to promote[151-13]: — v. i., to bear a part; to be helpful ; to conduce, (ap. p. — to.) [216-21.] Con-trib'u^ting, p. prs. CoN-TRi-BU-TiON( x k6n-tre-bu'shun) n. The act of contributing ; that which is given ; a collection ; a levy. [53.] [172-21.] CoN-TRiB-u-TiVE(k6n-trib'u x tlv),a. Tending to promote. Con-trib-u-tor (k6n-trlb'uHur). n. One who contributes ; a giver, helper, subscriber, promoter. [295-17.] 115 CON CON Fate, far, fall, fat — m£, met — pine, pin — no, move, CON *Con-trib-u-tor-y (k6n-trlb'u- Hur-re), a. Promoting the same end; helping, contributive. *Con-trite (k6n'trlte), a. Worn with sorrow, penitent, repentant. Con-trite-ly (k&n'trlteHe), ad. Penitently. *Con-tri-tion (k&n-trlsh'un), n. Penitence ; deep sorrow for sin. Con-triv-a-ble (k6n-trtv'a x bl), a. Capable of being contrived. Con-triv-ance (k6n-trlv'anse), n. A device, plan ; a plot. [140-30.] Con-triv'an v ces, n. pi. Con-trive (k6n-trlve'), v. t. or v. i. To plan out, devise, design. [225-4.] CON-TRIV'lNG, p. pr8. Con-triv-er (k6n-trlv'ur), n. An inventor,* a schemer. Con-trol (k6n-tr61e'), n. Check, restraint ; power, authority : — v. t., to govern,restrain. [280-14.] *Con-trol'ling, p. prs. #Con-troll'ed, p. prf. *Con-trol-la-ble (k6n-tr6WbI), a. Capable of control. *Con-trol-ler (k6n-tro'lur), n. One who controls; a public offi- cer who supervises and records the acts of others: — improperly written comptroller. Con-trol-ler-ship (k&n-tr&'lur- N shlp),n. The office of a controller. *Con-trol-ment (k6n-tr61e'ment), n. Superintendence, control. *Con-tro-ver-sial ( x k6n-tr6-veV- shal), a. Relating to disputes. Con-tro-ver-sial-ist ( N k6n-tr6- ver / shal v ist), n. A disputant, de- bater, controverter, controvertist. CoN-TRo-VER-SY(k6n , tr6Ver-se),n. A protracted dispute or debate ; a quarrel, strife. [227-6.] *Con'troVer-sies, n. pi. Con-tro-vert (kon'troVeVt), v. t. To debate, dispute, contest. Con-tro-vert-er (kon'tr6Vert-ur) CoN-TRO-VERT-iST(k6n'tr6VeVt-lst) n. A disputant,controversialist. 116 Con-tro-vert-i-ble ( v k6n-tr6- vert'e^bl), a. Disputable. *Con-tu-ma-cious ( N k6n-tu-ma'- shus), a. Perverse, stubborn, obstinate. Con-tu-ma-cious-ly Q k&n-tu-ma'- shusl^), ad. Obstinately, per- versely, inflexibly. Con-tu-ma-cious-ness (^k&n-tu- ma'shusWs), n. Obstinacy, per- verseness, contumacy. *Con-tu-ma-cy (k6n'tu x ma-se), n. Obstinacy ; wilful contempt and disobedience to a lawful summons. *Con-tu-me-li-ous fk6n-tu-me'-' le v us), a. Reproachful, insulting. CoN-Tu-ME-Li-ous-LYCkon-tu-me'- le-us v le), ad. Reproachfully. Con-tu-me-li-ous-ness ( v k6n-tu- me'le x us-nes), n. Rudeness, re- proach. Con-tu-me-ly (k&nWme-le), n. Haughty rudeness ; reproach ; obloquy ; insolence. *Con'tu x me-lies, n. pi. Con-tuse (k6n-tuze'),t*X To bruise. *CON-TU'siNG, p. pr8. Con-tu-sion (k6n-tu'zhun), n. The act of bruising ; a bruise. Co-nun-drum (k6-nun'drum), n. A riddle which is answered by a pun or quibble. *Con-va-lesce ( v k6n-va-les'), v. i. To recover health. ^CON-VA-LES'CING, p. p)'8. *Con-va-les-cence fkSn-va-les'- s£nse), n. Recovery of health. CoN-VA-LES-CENT(k6n-va-les's£nt) a. Recovering 1 health. Con-vene (k&n-veen'J, v. i. To assemble: — v. t., to call together; to summon judicially. *Con-ve'ning, p. pr8. *CoN-VE-Ni-ENCE(k6n-ve'ne N 5nse), CoN-VE-Ni-EN-CY(k6n-ve'ne-en r se) n. Fitness ; commodiousness ; accommodation; that which ac- commodates. Con-ve'ni-en^ces, ] j Con-ve'ni-en'cies, J '*' *Con-ve-ni-ent (k6n-ve'ne'ent), a. Fit, suitable; commodious; adapted to use or comfort. [203-8.] Con-ve-ni-ent-ly (k&n-ve'ne x ent- le), ad. Commodiously; fitly. Con-vent (k6n'vent), n. A body of monks or nuns; a nunnery, abbey, monastery, cloister. *Con-ven-ti-cle (k6n-ven'te A kl), n. A secret assembly for worship. Con-ven-tion (k6n-ven'shun), n. An assembly ; a contract, tem- porary agreement. [63-4.] Con-ven-tion-al (k6n-ven'shun- x al), a. Agreed on ; stipulated.! Con-ven-tion-al-ism (k6n-ven'- shun-al v lzm), n. A conventional custom or phrase. CoN-VEN-TioN-A-RY(k&n-ven'shun- x a-re), a. Acting upon contract ; conventional. Con-ven-tu-al ^n-vSn'tsbu^al), a. Belonging to a convent : — n. f one who lives in a convent; a monk, a nun. Con-verge (k6n-verje / ), v. i. To tend to one point; to concentre. Con-ver'ging, p. prs. Con-ver-gence (k6n-v^r , j^nse), ik The act of converging ; concen- tration, confluence. -Con-ver-gent (k6n-v§r / jgnt), a. Tending to one point; confluent; centripetal. *Con-ver-sa-ble (k6n-ver'sa v bl), a. Inclined to converse, sociable. *Con-ver-sant (k6n'veVsant or k6n-ver'sant), a. Acquainted, familiar. (ap. p. — in or with things, with men.) [158-1.] Con-ver-sa-tion ( x k6n-ver-s4'- shun), n. Familiar discourse; talk, conference ; behavior. CoN-VER-sA-TiON-AL( x kon-ver-sa/- shun x al), a. Relating to conver- sation; conversable. C0N-VER-SA-TI0N-AL-IST( > k6n-VeP- sa'shun-arist), n. One who con- verses well. CON CON nSr, n6t — tube, fcdb, bull— 611 — p6und — thin, this. COO Con-verse (k6n'verse), n. Man- ner of conversation ; acquaint- ance ; an opposite proposition, [90-25.] Con-verse (k6n-verse')> v. i. To hold intercourse with; to dis course. Con-ver'sing, p. prs. *Con-verse-ly (k6n'vers r l& or k6n-verse'le), ad. By change of order or place ; reversedly. *Con-ver-sion (k6n-ver'shdn), n. Change from one state to an- other; a change of heart; re- generation ; transmutation. Con-vert (kon'vert), n. A person who renounces one opinion or religion for another ; a proselyte. TJgit* A convert to one faith is, at the same time, an apostate from another. Con-vert (k6n-vert'), v. t. To change into another substance; to turn from one opinion or re- ligion to another ; to appropriate. (ap. p.— to, into.) [126-17.] *Con-vert-i-bil-i-ty (k6nVe*rt-e- bll'e'te), n. The state of being convertible. *Con-vert-i-ble (k6n-v£rt'H>l),a. Susceptible of change ; inter- changeable ; equivalent ; recip- rocal; transmutable. Con-vert-i-bly (k6n-veVWble), ad.Reciprocally,interchangeably Con-vex (k6n'v£ks), a. Rising in a spherical form : — opposed to CONCAVE. *Con-vex-i-ty (k&n-veks'&H&), n. A spherical body or surface; ro- tundity. Con-vex Vties, n. pi. Con-vex-ly (k&n'veks^ or k6n- veks'U), ad. In a convex form. Con-vex-ness (k6n-veks'nes), n. State of being convex, convexity. *Con-vex-o- Con-cave (k6n- Veks-6-k6n'kave), a. Convex on the one face and concave on the other. Con-vex-o-Con-vex (k6nVeks- 6-k6n'veks), a. Convex on both faces. Con-vey (k6n-va'), v. t. To carry; to transport; to transmit; to transfer; to impart. [257-9.] *Con-vey-ance (k&n-v&'anse), n. The act or means of removing; a writing by which property is transferred. Con-vey-an-cer ^n-va'an^siir), n. One who draws writings by which property is transferred. *Con-vey-an-cing (k6n-va'an x slng), n. The business of a conveyancer. Con-vey-er (k6n-va'ur), n. One who conveys. Con-vict (k6n'vlkt), n. A person convicted of crime ; a felon. Con-vict (k6n-vlkt'), v. t. To prove guilty; to convince by proof, (ap. p. — of a crime, in a penalty.) Con-vic-tion (k6n-vik'shun), n. The act of proving guilty ; sense of guilt; the act of convincing; persuasion ; the state of being convinced ; belief. [103-16.] [217-16.] Con-vic-tive (k6n-vlk'tiv), a. Having power to convince. Con-vince (k6n-vinse'), v. t. To make sensible of by proof; to persuade ; to satisfy, (ap. p. — of.) [82-27.] [269-15.] #Con-vin'cing, p. prs.: — a., pro- ducing conviction ; conclusive ; forcible. *Con-vin-ci-ble (k6n-vln / se > bl), a. Capable of being convinced. CoN-viN-ciNG-LY(k6n-vln'sing y le), ad. In a convincing manner. Con-viv-ial (k6n-vlv'yal or k6n- viv'e^al), a. Relating to a feast; inclined to festivity ; festive ; social ; gay. *Con-viv-i-al-i-ty (k6nViv-6-al'- eH£), n. Convivial disposition ; festivity. [94-3.] Con-vo-cate (k6n'v&'kate), v. t. To call together; to convoke. Con'vo n ca-ting, p. prs. CoN-vo-CA-TioN( N k6n-v6-ka'shun), n. The act of calling together; an ecclesiastical assembly ; a convention, meeting. Con-voke (k&n-v6ke'), v. t. To call together ; to summon to an assembly. *Con-vo'king, p. prs. Con-vo-lu-ted ( x k6n-v6-lu / ted), a. Twisted, rolled upon itself. *Con-vo-lu-tion (^k&n-v6-lu'-- shun), n. The act of rolling any thing upon itself; a winding or twisting. Con-volve (k&n-v&lv'), v. t. To roll together. Con-volv'ing, p. prs. Con-voy (k6n'v6e), n. Attendance for defence ; escort. Con-voy (kdn-v6e'), v. t. To accompany for defence ; to escort. Con-vulse (k6n-viilse'), v. t. To agitate ; to disturb ; to shake. [115-18.] Con-vul'sing, p. prs. *Con-vul-sion (k6n-vul'shun), n. A violent spasm or agitation : a fit; tumult; commotion. Con-vul-sive (kSn-vul'siv), a. Spasmodic; attended by convul- sion. [22-42.] [257-3.] Con-vul-sive-ly ^n-vursiv^le), ad. Spasmodically. *Con-y (kun'ne or k6'ne), n. A rabbit. Con'ies, n. pi. *Coo (k66), v. i. To cry as a dove or pigeon. *Coos (k66z), prs. t. 3. *Coo'ing, p. prs. : — «., the note of the dove. *Coo'ed (k65d), p. prf. Cook (kuk), n. One who dresses victuals for the table: — v. t., to prepare victuals for the table. 117 coo COP Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n6, move, COR Cook-er-y (kuk'urVe), n. The art of dressing victuals for the table. *Cook / er > ies, n. pi. Cool (k661), a. Somewhat cold; indifferent, not zealous ; deliber ate, impudent: — n. y a moderate state of cold: — v. t., to make cool ; to quiet passion ; to calm anger : — v. i., to lose heat. Cool-er (k&ol'tir), a. com.: — n., that which cools; a vessel for cooling. *Cool-ish (k661'ish), a. Some what cool. *Cool-ly (k66l'le), ad. Without heat or passion; indifferently; deliberately. Cool-ness (k6&l'nes), n. Moderate cold ; want of affection ; freedom from passion ; indifference. *Coo-ly (k66'le), n. An East In dia porter or carrier. Coo'lies, n. pi. *Coop (k66p), n. A cage for poul- try or small animals ; a barrel : — v. t., to shut up in a coop. Coop-er (k66p'ur or kup'ur), n. One who makes coops or barrels. Coop-ER-AGE(k66p'urljeorkup'dr- v ije),n.The work or pay of a cooper. Co-Op-er-ate (k6-6p'eYate), v. i. To labor jointly. Co-Op'er^a-ting, p. prs, Co-Op-ER-A-TiON(k6 x 6p-5r-a'shun) n. Joint labor; concert of action. Co-Op-er-a-tive (k6-6p'Sr v a-tiv), a. Promoting the same end. *Co-Op-ER-A-TOR(k6-6p'er'a-tur), n. One who acts with another. *Co-Or-di-nate (k6-6r'de v nlt), a. Holding the same rank or degree. Co-Or'di x nates, n. pi. Lines which determine the relative positions of points. Co-Or-di-nate-ly (k&-6r'de v nit- le), ad. With equal rank. Co-Or-di-na-tion (ko'dr-de-na/- shun), n. The state of holding the same rank; equality. 118 Coot (k66t), n. A small black water-fowl ; a moor-hen. Co-pal (ko'pal), n. A resin (used in varnishing). Co-part-ner (k6-part'nur), n. A joint partner ; a sharer. Co-part-ner-ship (k6-part'nur- N ship), n. Joint concern business. Cope (k6pe), n. A sacerdotal cloak ; a hood : an arch : — v. t., to cover as with a cope :- — v. i. to struggle, strive ; to contend. (ap. p. — with.) Co ping, p. prs. : — n., the upper tier of masonry that covers a wall. Cop-i-er (kop'e v ur), n. See copyer. *Co-pi-ous (ko'pe'us), a. Plenti ful, abundant, ample, exuberant. [81-14.] [290-27.] Co-pi-ous-ly (kd'pe v us-le), ad'. Abundantly, exuberantly. Co-pi-oits-ness (k6'pe v us-nes), n. Abundance, exuberance. Cop-per (k&p'p&r), «. A mallea- ble metal of a reddish-brown color ; a large boiler : — v. t., to cover with copper. *Cop-per-as (k6p'pur r as),n. Green vitriol ; sulphate of iron : — see VITRIOL. Cop-per-plate (k6p'pur x plate), n. A plate of copper engraved : — a., impressed from copperplate. Cop-per-smith (k6p'pur v sml*A), n. One who works in copper. *Cop-per-y (k6p'pilrYe), a. Con- taining, or like, copper. *Cop-pice (k6p'pls), }n. A wood Copse (k6ps), J of small growth. [108-32.] Cop-u-late (kop'u'late), v. t. To unite, conjoin. Cop'u v la-ting, p. pre. Cop-u-la-tive (k6p'u v la-tiv), a. Connective : — n., a conjunction which denotes an addition, a sup- position, cause, or consequence. Cop-y (kop'e), w. A transcript ; an imitation; a manuscript; a lmua-Le. Mlt), ) p'e x ur), V n, p'elst), J pattern, model, single book : — v. t., to transcribe ; to imitate ; to follow : — v. i., to make or pro- duce as a copy. (ap. p. — from nature, after persons.) Cop'ies, n. pi. &nd prs. t. 3. Cop'i-ed, p. prf. Cop-y-Book (k6p'e'b66k), n. A book in which copies are written for learners to imitate. Cop-i-er (k6p'e'ur), *Cop-y-er (k6p'< ~ *Cop-y-ist (k6p'< One who copies. *Cop-y-right (k6p'eYlte), n. The sole right to publish a book. *Co-quet (k6-keV), v. t. To de- ceive in love : — v. i. f to trifle in love ; to jilt. *Co-quet / ting, p. prs. *Co-quet'ted, p. prf. Co-quet-ry (k6-keYre), n. Affec- tation of love, deceit in love. *Co-quet'ries, n. pi. *Co-quette (k6-keV), n. A vain, deceitful, and affected girl or woman. *Co-quet-tish (k6-k^t'tish), a. Having the manner of a coquette. *Cor-al (k6r'al), n. A calcareous substance formed by a marine insect; a child's toy. *Cor-al-line (k&r'ariin), a. Con- sisting of coral : — n., a sea-plant. Cor-al-loid (k6r'ai N 161d), Cor-al-loid-al (k6r'aridld-al), j i. Resembling coral. *Cor-ban (kor'ban), n. An alms- basket ; alms ; a gift. Cord (k6rd), n. A small rope; a string; a measure of wood con- taining 128 cubic feet: — v. t. } to bind with cords or ropes; to pile in cords. Cord' ed, p. prf. : — a., made of ropes. Cord-age (kflrd'ije), n. A quan- tity of cords or ropes. [152-26.] *Cord-ate (kdrd'it), a. Heart- shaped. COR COR n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound — ^in, this. COR #Cor-de-lier ( N k6r-de-leer'), n. A Franciscan friar. Cor-di-al (k6r'je x al or kdr'de'al),n. Any thing that comforts and ex- hilarates [320-13] : — a., reviv- ing, invigorating ; sincere, warm, hearty. [95-20.] *Cor-di-al-i-ty fkor-je-al'leHe), n. Sincerity, heartiness. [18-34.] *Cor-di-al-ly (k5r'je^al-le), ad. Sincerely, heartily, warmly. [51-31.] Cor-don (kor'd&n), n. A chain of military posts; a row of stones in a fortification. *Cor-du-roy ( A k6r-du-r6e'), n. A thick and ribbed cotton goods. #Cord-wain-er (k6rd'wane-ur), Cord-i-ner (kordTmir), n. A shoemaker. Core (k6re), n. The inner part of any thing ; the heart. Co-re-gent (k6-re'jent), n. A joint regent or ruler. Co-rel' active. See correlative. x Co-re-la'tion. See correlation. *Co-ri-a-ceous ( x k6-re-a r shus), a. Consisting of, or like, leather. *Co-ri-an-der ( x k6-re-an'dur), n. A plant ; a spicy seed. *Co-rin-thi-an (ko-rln'fAe^an), n. An order of architecture. Cork (k6rk), n. A tree ; the bark of the cork-tree ; a stopple of cork : — v. t., to put corks into bottles. Cork-ing-Pin (k5rk'lng x pln), n. A pin of large size. Cork-y (kdrk'e), a. Consisting of, or like, cork. Cor-mo-rant (k6r'm6 y rant), n. A bird that preys upon fish; a glutton. Corn (k6rn), n. Grain ; maize ; a hard excrescence on the foot: — v. L, to sprinkle or preserve with salt; to pickle; to form into grains. Corn-Chand-ler (kflrn'tshand- v lur), n. One who retails corn. *Cor-ne-a (k6r'ne N a), n. The horny coat of the eye. *Cor-ne-ous (k6r'ne x us),a. Horny. Cor-ner (kdr'nur), n. An angle; a secret or remote place. Cor-ner- Stone (kdr'nur^stone), n. A stone that unites two walls at the corner ; the chief stone. Cor-ner-wfse (kdr'nurVlze), ad. Diagonally. *Cor-net (k5r'net), n. A musical instrument; an officer of cavalry who bears a standard. *Cor-net-cy (kdr'n£t\s£), n. The office or commission of a cornet. Oor'net^cies, n. pi. *Cor-nice (kSr'nis), n. The high- est projection of a wall, &c. *CoR-N T u-co-Pi-A( > k6.i-nu-k6 , pe r a), n. The horn of plenty. x Cor-nu-co'pi\e, n. pi. Corn-y (kdrn'e), a. Strong or hard like horn; producing corn. *Cor-ol-la-ry (k6r / 6 v la-re or k&- r&lWre), n. A conclusion; an inference ; a consequence. Cqr'olYa-ries, n. pi. Cor-o-nal (k6r'6 r ni,l or k&-r&'nal), n. A crown, a garland. Co-ro-nal (k6-r6'nal), a. Be- longing to the top of the head or crown ; coronary. *Cor-o-na-ry (k&r'6 x na-re), a. Relating to a crown ; coronal. Cor-o-na-tion (^kftr-i-na'shun), n. The act or solemnity of crowning as a king. Cor-o-ner (k&r^nur), n. An officer who inquires into the cause of violent or accidental deaths. *Cor-o-net (k6r'6 x net), n. An inferior crown worn by the no- bility. [91-2.] Cor-po-ral (k6Vp6Val), n. The lowest officer of the infantry : — a., relating or belonging to the body; material; corporeal. CoR-Po-RAL-i-TY( v k6r-p6-ral / leH£), The state of being imbodied. *CoR-PO-RAL-LY(k6r / pd x ral-ie),ad. Bodily. Cor-po-rate (kdr'p6Vit), a. In- corporated ; united in a body or community; general. Cor-po-rate-ly (kdr'poYlt-le), ad. In a corporate capacity. Cor-po-ra-tion ( x k6r-p6-ra'shun), n. A body politic or corporate ; a society legally authorized to act as an individual. *Cor-po-ra-tor (kor'p6 N ra-tur), ». A member of a corporation. *Cor-po-re-al (k6r-p6're v al), a. Having a body; material; not spiritual, corporal. *Cor-po-re-al-ly (kor-pdWal- le), ad. In a material manner. *Cor-po-re-i-ty ( v kdr-p6-re'eHe), n. Materiality. *Corps (k6re), n. A body of sol- diers, engineers, diplomatists, &g. * Corps (korz), n. pi. ^Corpse (k6rps), n. A dead hu- man body ; a corse ; a carcass. Cor-pu-lence (kSr'pu^lense), ) *CoR-PU-LEN-CY(k6r'pu x len-s^), j ». Bulkiness of body ; fatness. Cor-pu-lent (k6r'pu x lent), a. Fleshy, bulky, fat. *Cor-pus-cle (k6r'pus x sl), w. A small body; an atom; a par- ticle. Cor-pus-cu-lar (k6r-pus'kuMar), a. Pertaining to, or consisting of, corpuscles. Cor-rect (k6r-rekt'), v. t. To punish, chastise; to amend; to make right ; to counteract : — a., free from faults ; right, accurate. Cor-rec-tion (k6r-rek'shun), n. Punishment; discipline; amend- ment; reprehension. Cor-rect-ive (k6r-r§kt'iv), a. Having the power to correct : — »,, that which corrects. [334-24.] Cor-rect-ly (k&r-rekt'le), ad. Accurately, exactly, rightly. Cor-rect-ness (k6r-r§kt'n§s), n. Accuracy, exactness, precision. 119 COR COR Fate, far, fell, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, m5ve, COS *Cor-rect-or (k6r-re i kt / ur), n. He or that which corrects. Cor-rel-A-tion ( v k&r-rel-a'shun), n. Reciprocal relation. #Cor-rel-a-tive (k&r-rel'a x tlv), a Having a reciprocal relation :— n.j he or that which stands in a reciprocal relation; as, father and son, debt and credit. Cor-re-spond ( N k6r-re-sp6nd')> v.i. To suit ; to answer ; to agree ; to be proportionate; to hold inter- course by an interchange of let- ters, (ap. p. — to, with.) [50.] *Cor-re-spond-ence ( N k6r-r£- sp6nd'e ! nse), n. Relation; inter- course; adaptation; agreement; interchange of letters, (ap. p. — to, with.) [214-5.] *Cor-re-spond-ent ( N k6r-r£- sp6nd'e : nt), a. Suitable, adapted, answerable (ap. p. — to, with) : — n., one who interchanges let- ters with another. Cor-re-spon-sive (k6r-r£-sp&n'- slv), a. Answerable : — w., a conjunction or adverb which refers or answers to a conjunc- tion or adverb; as, neither — nor; if — then. *Cor-ri-dor (^r-rS-d&re'), n. A gallery round a building. *Cor-ri-gi-ble (k6r're r je-bl), a. Capable of being corrected. #Cor-rob-o-rant (k&r-r&b'oYant), a. Strengthening; confirming. Cor-rob-o-rate (k6r-r6b'6Vate), v. t. To confirm, establish; to strengthen. [70-7.] Cor-robVra-ting, p. prs. Cor-rob-o-Ra-tion (k6Yr6b-o-ra'- shun), n. The act of strengthen- ing; confirmation. Cor-rob-o-ra-tive (k&r-r&b'&Va- tiv), a. Strengthening, confirm- ing : — w., that which strengthens or confirms. Cor-rode (k&r-r6de'), v. t. To eat away by degrees; to consume. Cor-ro'ding, p. prs. 120 *Cor-ro-dent (k6r-r6'dent), a. Having the power to corrode : — n., that which corrodes. *Cor-ro-di-ble (k6r-r6'deH)l), a. Possible to be corroded; con- sumable. *Cor-ro-sion (k6r-r6'zhun), n. The act of eating away. Cor-ro-sive (k6r-r6'slv), a. Hav- ing power to corrode, consume, or wear away : — n. } a corroding substance. Cor-ro-sive-ly (k&r-ro'slv^le), ad. In a corrosive manner; by cor- rosion. Cor-ro-sive-ness (k&r-^'slvWs), n. The quality of corroding. Cor-ru-gate (k6r'ru x gate), v. t To wrinkle or purse up. Cor'ruVa-ting, p. prs. Cor-ru-gate (k6r'ru v glt), a. Con- tracted into wrinkles. Cor-ru-ga-tion fk6r-ru-ga'- shun), n. Contraction into wrinkles. Cor-rupt (k6r-rupt'), v. t. To turn from a sound to a putres- cent state ; to infect ; to deprave, destroy the integrity of, to bribe [257-24] : — v. ?., to become pu- trid ; to grow rotten : — a., vicious, tainted, putrid. Cor-rupt-er (k6r-rupt'ur), n. One who corrupts or vitiates. *Cor-rtjpt-i-bil-i-ty (k6r v rupt-e- bll'le'te), n. Possibility to be corrupted ; corruptibleness. *Cor-rupt-i-ble (k6r-rupt'e v bl),or. Possible to be vitiated. Cor-rupt-i-ble-ness (k6r-rupt'e- ^bl-ne's), n. Susceptibility of cor- ruption, corruptibility. Cqr-rupt-i-bly (k6r-rupt'e x ble), ad. So as to be corrupted. Cor-rup-tion (k6r-rup'shun), n. The act of corrupting ; the state of being corrupted ; putrescence, pus; vice. Cor-rupt-ive (k6r-rupt'lv), a. Tending to corrupt. Cor-rupt-ly (kor-rdpt'le), ad. With taint; viciously. Cor-rupt-ness (kftr-rtipt'ne's), n. Putrescence, vice, corruption. *Cor-sair (koVsare), n. A pirate; a piratical vessel. *Corse (k6rse or k<5rse), n. A dead body, a carcass, a corpse. Cor-sets (koVsets), n. pi. Bodice, stays for the body. *Corse-let (kflrs'le't), n. A light armor for the body. *Cor-tege (kdr'tazhe), n. A train of attendants. *Cor-tes (kdr'tSz), n. pi. The Legislature of Spain. *Cor-tex (koVteks), n. The outer bark, rind ; cover. *Cor-ti-ces (k6r / te\seez), n. pi. *Cor-ti-cal (kdr'te'kal), a. Be- longing to the rind, barky. Cor-ti-ca-ted (kdr't^ka-tM), a. Resembling the bark of a tree. *Co-rus-cant (k6-riis'kant), a. Glittering by flashes, flashing. Co-rus-cate (k6-rus'kate), v. i. To flash, glitter, shine. Co-rus'caVing, p. prs. Cor-us-ca-tion ( v k6r-us-ka'shun), n. A flash of light. *Cor-vette (k6r-veV), ». A sloop- of-wur; an advice-boat. *Cor'vo x rant. See cormorant. *Co-rym-bi-at-ed (ko-rim'be'at- ed), «. Having clusters of berries. *Co-sey (ko'ze), «. Snug, social, comfortable. See cozy. Cos-met-ic (k&z-met'lk), a. Beau- tifying : — n., a wash to improve the skin. Cos-mi-cal (k&z'me r kal), a. Ris- ing or setting with the sun; re- lating to the world. *Cos-mi-cal-ly (k6z , me > kal-l&), ad. With the sun. Cos-MOG-o-NiST(k6z-mog / 6 x nist),n. One versed in cosmogony. *Cos-mog-o-ny (koz-mftg^ne), n. The science which treats of the origin of the world. COT cou n6r, n6t— tube, tub, bdll — 611— pMnd- -thm, this. COU Cos-mog-ra-phkr (k&z-m6g'gra- x fur), n. One versed in cos- mography. Cos-mo-graph-i-cal fk&z-m&- graf fe v kl), a. Relating to cos- mography. Cos-mog-ra-phy (k6z-m6g'gra x fe), n. The science of the general system of the world; a general description of the universe. *C0S-M0G'RA r PHIES, n. pi. Cos-mol-o-gist (k6z-mol'6^jlst), n. One versed in cosmology. Cos-mol-o-gy (k6z-m6l'6^je), n. The science which treats of the structure of the world. *Cos-mo-pol-i-tan ( x kSz-m6-pol'- eHan), n. See cosmopolite. Cos-mop-o-lite (k6z-m&p'6 x llte), to. A citizen of the world ; one who is at home in every place. Cos-mo-ra-ma ( x k6z-m&-ra'ma), n. An optical machine for exhibit- ing pictures. Cos-set (k6s'set), n. A lamb brought up by hand; a pet: — v. t., to pet, fondle. Cost (k&st or kawst), «. The price of any thing; charge; loss: — v. i. [cost — cost], to be bought for ; to be had at a price. ♦Cos-tal (k6s'tal), a. Belonging to the ribs. Cos-tive (k&s'tiv), a. Bound in the body; constipated. Cos-tive-ness (k6s'tlv^nSs), n. The state of being costive ; con- stipation. *Cost-li-ness (kSst'le^nes), n Sumptuousness, expensiveness. Cost-ly {k6st'le), a. Sumptuous, expensive. Cos-tume (k&s-tume'), n. Style or mode of dress. [37.] [363.] Cot (k&t), ) n. A small house ; Cote (kote), J a hut; a cottage; a dove-cot. Cot (kot), n. A small bed. Co-tem-po-ra-ne-ous, a. See CONTEMPORANEOUS. Co-tem-po-ra-ry, a. and n. See CONTEMPORARY. *Co-ter-ie ( x ko-tur-re'), n. A club ; a society ; a clique. *Co-till-on ) (ko-tll'yun or r k6- brisk dance. Co-till-ion J til-y6ng'), n. A Cot-tage (k6t'tije), n. A hut; a cot ; a small dwelling. Cot-ter (k6t'tur), \ *Cot-ta-ger (k6t'ta r jur), j n ' One who lives in a hut or cottage. Cot-ton (k&t'tn), n. The down of the cotton-tree; a plant; cloth or stuff made of cotton: — a., made of cotton. #Cot-ton-Gin (k&t'tn^jln), n. A machine for cleaning cotton. Cot-ton-wood (k6t'tn v wud), n. A tree of the poplar kind. *Cot-ton-y (k&t'tn v e), a. Full of cotton, downy. Couch (kMtsh), n. A seat of re- pose ; a bed : — v. i., to lie down ; to stoop or bend : — v. *., to lay or cause to lie down ; to hide; to include ; to express ; to remove a cataract from the eye ; to fix a lance or spear in the rest. Couch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. #Couch-ant (kMtsh'ant), a. Ly- ing down ; squatting. *Cough (k6f or kawf ), n. A con- vulsive expiration of breath: — v. t., to expire breath convul- sively : — v. t., to eject by a cough, to expectorate. *Couh-age ) (kM'ije), n. An In- Cow-hage j dian bean. Could (kud), pst. t. of can. Coul-ter, n. See colter. #Coun-cil (kdun'sll), n. An as- sembly met for consultation; a convention, diet, legislature, assembly. [67.] [225-6.] Coun-cil-or *C0UN-CIL Council-man A member of council, 11 3B i (kodn'siHur) ) -lor j v ' >n, ian (kMn'sll'man), J D, } P' P r f' Coun'cil'men, n. pi. Coun-sel (koun'sil), n. Advice; prudence; deliberation, consult- ation ; a counsellor, advocate, or lawyer [382-14] [69-3] :— v. t., to give advice or counsel; to advise. Counselling, ) *Coun'sel x ling, f p ' p) Coun'sel-ed, *Coun'sell-ed, COUN-SEL-OR } (k6un r sinur) M . *C0UN-SEL-L0R J ^ ulxu 011 ™/*»- One who counsels or advises; counsel. Count (kMnt), v. t. To number, reckon, calculate; to rate; to esteem ; to tell : — v. i., to reckon or rely (ap. p. — on, upon) : — n., number; reckoning; a charge in an indictment; a title of no- bility; an earl. Coun-te-nance (kfiun'te^nanse), n. The form of the face; the system of the features ; air ; look ; com- posure ; patronage, support, en- couragement : — v. t.y to support, patronise, encourage. Coun'te n nan-cing, p. firs. Coun-te-nan-cer (k6un'te x nan- sur), n. One who countenances. Coun-ter (kSun'tur), n. A piece of false money ; a shop-table ; a reckoner: — ad., contrary to, in opposition to. COUN-TER-ACT (^kMn-tUT-akt'), V.t. To act contrary to ; to hinder; to frustrate. Coun-ter-ac-tion (^kflun-tur-ak'- shun), n. Opposite action. Coun-ter-ac-tive (^koup-tnr-ak'- tlv), a. Tending to counteract. Coun-ter-bal-ance (kotln'tur- r bal-lanse), n. Opposite weight. #C0UN-TER-BAL-ANCE ( V k6un-tUr- bal'lanse), v. t. To weigh against, counterweigh, counterpoise. x Coun-ter-bal'an v cing, p. prs. Coun-ter-change (kdun'tur- Hshanje), n. Exchange, recip- rocation. 121 cou cou Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n6, move, COU Coun-ter-change ( x k5un-tur- tshanje'), v. t. To give and receive. ^Coun-ter-chan'ging, p- pre. Coun-ter-charm (k6un'tur- Hsharm), n. That which breaks a charm. Coun-ter-charm ( r k6un-tur- tsharm'), v. t. To destroy en- chantment. Coun-ter-check (kSun'turHsh6k), n. A stop, rebuke, reproof. Coun-ter-check (^kMn^tur- tsheV), v. t. To oppose; to stop; to check. Coun-ter-cur-rent (k6un'ttir- v kur-r§nt),n. An opposite current. *Coun-ter-feit (kMn'turYlt), v. t. To copy with an intent to pass the copy for an original ; to imi- tate ; to forge ; to feign : — a., forged, fictitious; spurious; de- ceitful: — n., an impostor; some- thing made in imitation of an- other ; a forgery. *Coun-ter-peit-er (kflun'fcurttt- ur), n. A forger ; an impostor. Coun-ter-mand (k6un'tur x mand), n. Repeal of a former order. CouN-TER-MAND^kflun-ter-mand'), v. t. To revoke an order. Coun-ter-march (k6un'tur- N martsh), n. March back; re- trocession. Coun'ter x march-es, n. pi. Coun-ter-march fkSun-tur- martsh'), v. i. [prs. t. 3, coun- termarches.] To march back. Coun-ter-mark (k6un'tur x inark), n. An after-mark on goods or coin. CouN-TER-MARKpkSun-tur-mark'), v . t. To put an after-mark on goods or coin. Coun-ter-mine (koun'tur^mlne), n. A mine made to frustrate one formed by an enemy; a stratagem by which any contrivance is de fen ted ; a counterplot. Coun-tkr-mine fkoun-tur-mlne 7 ), 122 v. t. To construct countermines ; to defeat by secret measures ; to counterplot; to counterwork. x Coun-ter-mi'ninG, p. pr8. COUN-TER-MOVE-MENT (\6un-tUr- m&ve'ment), n. An opposite movement. *Coun-ter-pane ^un'tur^pane), n. A coverlet for a bed. Coun-ter-part (k6un'tur x part), n. A correspondent part; a copy ; a duplicate. Coun-ter-pe-ti-tion (MsMn-tur- pe-tlsh'un), n. A petition op- posing another. *Coun-ter-plea (k6un 'turtle), n. In Law, a replication. Coun-ter-plot (k6un'tur x pl&t)> n. A plot opposed to another. Coun-ter-plot ( x k6un-tur-pl6t')> v. t. To oppose plot by plot. ^Coun-ter-plot'ting, p. prs. x Coun-ter-plot'ted, p. prf. Coun-ter-point (k6iin'tur x p61nt), n. An opposite point ; a coun- terpane constructed in squares; the art of composing harmony. Coun-ter-poise (kMn'tur r polze), n. Equal weight; equiponder- ance ; equivalence of weight or power. Coun-ter-poise (^kSun-tur-polzeO, v. t. To act against with equal power ; to counterbalance, coun- terweigh. '^COUN-TER-POIS'ING, p. pr8. Coun-ter-poi-son (^kMn-tdr-pol'- zun), n. A poison that anti- dotes another. Coun-ter-pres-sure ( x k5un-tur- pre'sh'ur), n. Opposite force. Coun-ter-Rev-o-lu-tion (k6un'- turV^v-6-lu r shun), n. A revolu- tion succeeding and opposing another. Coun-ter-scarp (k6un'tur^skarp), n. The external slope of a ditch which surrounds a fort. Coun-ter-sign f k6un-tur-slne'), v. t. To sign that which has been signed by a superior or principal: — n.. the signature of a subordinate added to that of a superior ; an official signature ; a military watchword. Coun-ter-sink fkflun-tur-slngk'), v. t. [countersunk or coun- TERSANK COUNTERSUNK.] To sink the head of a nail so that it does not project. Coun-ter-turn (k6un'tur x turn), n. The height of a play. Coun-ter-vail (k6un'turVale), n. Equal weight or value. Coun-ter-vail ( v kMn-tur-vale'), v. t. To have equal force or value. Coun-ter-view (kdun'turVu), n. Opposition ; contrast. *Coun-ter-weigh (kdun'turVa), v. t. To weigh against; to coun- terbalance ; to counterpoise. CouN-TER-woRK^kdun-tur-wnrk'), v. t. [counterworked or coun- terwrought — counterworked or counterwrought.] To hin- der by contrary operations. Count-ess (k6unt'^s), n. The wife of an earl or count. *C0UNT'ESS V ES, 1l.pl. Count-less (k6unt'l^s), a. Innu- merable ; incalculable. Coun-try (kun'tre), n. A tract of land ; a region ; rural parts, op- posed to town or city; one's native soil; a kingdom or state: — a., rustic, rural ; rude. Coun'tries, n. pi. Coun-try-man (kun'tre^inan), n. One born in the same country ; a rustic; a farmer. Coun'try'men, n. pi. Coun-try-Seat (kun'tre^seet), n. A residence in the country. CouN-TY(kMn'te),n. Shire; circuit or district; a division of a state. *Coun'ties, n. pi. *Coup-de-Main (k66'du-mang'), n. A sudden and unexpected at- tack ; a master-stroke. [368-8.] Coups'-de-Main', n. pi. cou cov n3r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 6H— pSund — thin, this. COW *Coup-le (kup'pl), n. A chain or tie ; two ; a brace ; man and w if e: — v . t. f to chain together; to join; to marry. Coup'ling, p. prs. : — n., that which couples or connects. *Coup-le-ment (kup'prment), n. Union, embrace. Coup-let (kup'ISt), n. A pair; two verses. #Cou-pon (k66'p6n or k66-p6ng / ), n. One of several interest cer- tificates attached to a transfer- able bond. Cour-age (kur'rije), n. Bravery, valor, intrepidity. [134-32.] [382-1.] *Cour-a-geous (kur-a'jus), a. Brave, daring, bold, intrepid. Cour-a-geous-ly (kur-a'jiis-le), ad. Bravely, boldly, heroically. Cour-a-geous-ness (kur-a'jus- n6s), n. Bravery, boldness, courage. *Cou-ri-er (k66're v ur or k&S'r&er), n. A messenger sent in haste ; an express. ^Course (k6rse), n. Race, career; ground on which a race is run ; direction of motion ; progress ; series; order; conduct; a ser- vice of dishes [65] : — v. t., to hunt, pursue ; to force to run : — v. i. f to run ; to hunt. Cour'sing, p. prs. Cour'sed, p. prf. Cour-ser (k6r'sur), n. A race- horse; horse-racer; hunter. [73.] Court (k6rt), n. The residence of a prince ; the palace ; the hall or place where justice is admin- istered ; an assembly of judges ; an enclosed space in front of a house; a narrow street; address; courtship [100-26] :— v. L, to woo ; to solicit ; to seek. [244-6.] Cour-te-ous (kur'tsheNis or k6r'- te^s), a. Elegant of manners, well bred ; polite ; urbane. [45-21.] *Cour-te-ous-ly (kur'tshe x us-le or k6r'teNls-le), ad. Respect- fully, civilly, complaisantly. Cour-te-ous-ness (kur'tsheNis- nes or k6r'te x iis-nes), n. Civility, complaisance, courtesy. *Cour-te-sy (kur'te x se), n. Ele- gance of manners, complaisance, civility, courteousness. [380-2.] *Cour'te x sies, n. pi. *Courte-sy (kurt'se), n. An act of civility or respect as made by women and girls : — v. i., to make a courtesy. *Courte'sies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Courte-si-ed (kurt'sld), p. prf. *Court-ier (kort'yur), n. One who frequents the courts of princes ; one who courts favor ; a man of courtly address. [127.] [286-6.] Court-like (k6rt'like), a. Polite, civil, elegant. Court-li-ness (k6rt'le v ne : s), n. Ele- gance of manners; complaisance. Court-ly (kort'le), a. Relating to the court; elegant; flattering. Court-Mar-tial (kort'rnar'shal), n. A military court for the trial of military offences. *Courts'-Mar'tial, n. pi. Court-ship (k6rt'ship), n. The act of soliciting favor ; solicita- tion in marriage; wooing. Cous-in (kuz'zn), n. Any one col- laterally related more remotely than a brother or a sister; the child of an uncle or aunt. "^Cous-in-Gter-man ( N kuz-zn-jdr'~ man), n. A first-cousin. x Cous-ins-Ger'man, n. pi. Cove (k6ve), n. A small creek or bay ; an inlet ; a shelter. Cov-e-naxt (kuv'e^nant), n. A contract; a stipulation; a com- pact; a solemn agreement: — v. i., to bargain, stipulate; to make a formal agreement (ap. p. — with, for) : — v. t., to grant or promise by formal agreement. ^Cov-E-NANT-EEfkuv-e-nant-eeO, n. One to whom a covenant is made. Cov-e-nant-er (kuv'e v nant-ur), n. One who makes a covenant. Cov-er (kuv'ur), v. t. To over- spread, conceal, bury; to shel- ter: — n., that which overspreads; a concealment; a screen; a defense. Cov'er x ing, p. prs. : — n., vesture, dress ; a cover. Cov-er-let (kuv'urHe't), n. The outer bed-cover, counterpane. Cov-ert (kuv'urt), n. A shelter ; a defense; a thicket: — a., shel- tered,hidden,insidious,disguised. Cov-ert-ly (kuv'urtHe), ad. Se- cretly, privately, closely. Cov-et (kuv'£fc), v. t. To desire inordinately or earnestly. *Cov-e-tous (kuv'eHus), a. In- ordinately desirous ; avaricious. Cov-e-tous-ly (kuv r e x tus-le), ad. Avariciously, greedily. Cov-e-tous-ness (kuv'eHus-ne's), n. Avarice, eagerness of gain. *Cov-ey (kuv've), n. A brood of birds. *Cov-in (kuv'ln), n. A fraudu- lent agreement ; collusion. Cow (k6u), ii. The female of the bull : — v. t., to depress with fear. Cows, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. kine was formerly the ac- cepted plural of cow. It is now nearly obsolete. Cow-ARD (kou'urd), n. A poltroon ; one destitute of courage : — «., dastard, craven. *Cow-ard-ice (k6u/urdls), n. Fear, habitual timidity. *Cow-ard-li-ness (kdu'urd x le- ne's), n. Timidity, pusillanimity. Cow-ard-ly (kdu/urdHe), a. Fear- ful, pusillanimous, timorous : — ad. j in a cowardly manner. *Cow-er (kdu'iir), v. i. To sink or tremble from fear ; to crouch. Cow-hage. See couhage. 123 CRA CRA Fate, far, fMl, fat— me, mSt- -plne, pin — nft, move, CRA * Cow-herd (kdu'hSrd), n. One who tends cows. Cow-hide (k6u'hlde), n. The hide of a cow ; a whip : — v. t, to beat with a cowhide. *Cowl (k6dl), n. A monk's hood; a chimney-cover. Cow-slip (kM'slip), n. A species of primrose ; a plant. Cox-comb (k6ks'k6rae), n. A fop. Cox-comb ) (k6ks'kdme), n. A Cock's Comb J plant and its flower. *Cox-comb-ry (k6ks'k6meVe), n. Foppishness, dandyism. Cox-com-i-cal (k6ks'k6m'e r kal), a. Foppish, conceited, pert. Coy (k6e), a. Modest, decent; re- served, shy, bashful : — v. i. t to behave with reserve ; to caress. Coy-ish (kde'lsh), a. Somewhat coy; reserved; shy. *Coy-ly (kde'le), ad. With reserve. Coy-ness (kde'n£s), n. Reserve, shyness, modesty. *Coz-en (kuz'zn), v. t. To cheat, defraud, trick. #Coz-en-age (kuz'zn v lje), n. De- ceit, fraud, trick. Coz-en-er (kuz'zn^ur), n. A de- frauder, trickster, cheater, knave. *Co-zi-ly (ko'ze^le), ad. Snugly : — sometimes spelled cosily. *Co-zy , | (Snug, com- Co-zey > (ko'ze), a. < fortable, so- Co-sey J ( cial. Crab (krab), n. A shell-fish ; a wild apple; a peevish, morose person ; a kind of crane or cap- stan; a sign of the zodiac (Can- cer) : — a,, sour, crabbed. Crab-bed (krab'bed), a. Peevish, morose; harsh; sour. Crab-bed-ly (krab'be'd N l&), ad. Peevishly, morosely. Crab-bed-ness (krab'bSdWs), n. Sourness of taste ; asperity. Crack (krak), n. A sudden sharp noise ; chink, fissure ; a flaw ; a boast : — v. t. t to produce a sharp noise; to break into chinks; to 124 split ; to craze ; to boast : — v. i., to burst; to open in fissures. Crack-Brain-ed (krak-brand'), a. Crazy, without right reason. Cracr-er (krak'kur), n. One that cracks ; a boaster; a kind of fire- work ; a kind of hard biscuit. Crack-le (krak'kl), v. i. To make sharp and frequent cracks of sound ; to crepitate. Crack'ling, p. prs. : — n., frequent and sharp sounds; crepitation. Cra-dle (kra'dl), n. A movable bed on which children are rocked; a case for a broken bone; an in- strument used in cutting and laying grain ; a frame of timber for launching ships : — v. t. f to lay or rock in a cradle; to cut grain with a cradle. Cra'dling, p. prs. Craft (kraft), n. Trade ; fraud ; cunning : — n. sing, or pl. y one or more small vessels. [363-13.] *Craft-i-ly (kraft'e'le), ad. Cun- ningly, artfully, skilfully. Craft-i-ness (Kraft/erne's), n. Cun- ning, stratagem, art. Crafts-man (krafts'man), w. An artificer, a mechanic. Crafts'men, n. pi. Craft-y (kraft'e), a. [craftier — craftiest.] Cunning, art- ful, shrewd. Crag (krag), n. A rough steep rock. Crag-ged (krag'ged), a. Full of prominences, rugged, craggy. *Crag-ged-ness (krag'g6d x nes),w. Fulness of crags, cragginess. *Crag-gi-ness (krag'ge y n§s), n. State of being craggy; cragged- ness. *Crag-gy (krag'ge), a. Rugged, full of prominences, cragged, rough. Cram (kram), v. t. To stuff; to fill beyond satiety ; to thrust in by force : — v. %., to eat greedily. Cram'ming, p. prs. *Cram-med (kramd), p. prf. Cramp (kramp), n. A painful con- traction of the limbs; restriction ; a piece of iron bent at each end : — v. t. y to pain with cramp; to confine; to bind with iron cramps. *Cran-ber-ry (kran'beVre), n. A plant and its berry. Cran'ber'ries, n. pi. Cranch. See craunch. Crane (krane), n. An instrument for raising heavy weights ; a crooked pipe, or siphon; a mi- gratory bird. Cra-ni-al (kra'n^al), a. Relating to the skull. *Cra-ni-ol-o-gy fkra-ne^Wje), n. The science which treats of the structure of skulls ; phrenology. Cra-ni-om-e-ter ( N kra-ne-6m'e- tur), n. An instrument for mea- suring skulls. *Cra-ni-um (kra'ne^um), n. The skull. Cra'ni v a, ) , CraWms,} n 'P l Crank (krangk), n. The end of an iron axis bent like an elbow ; a contrivance for turning; an iron brace ; a pun : — a., stout, healthy, sprightly; loaded near to be overset. Crank-le (krangk'kl), v. i. To run in and out; to crinkle: — v. t., to break into bends or angles, Crank'ling, p. prs. *Cran-ny (kran'ne), n. A cleft; a chink. *Cran'nies, n. pi. Crape (krape), n. A thin stuff loosely woven. Crash (krash), v. i. To make a loud complicated noise : — v. t. y to break ; to crush ; to bruise : — n., a loud, mixed, sudden sound as of things falling and breaking; a coarse linen. Crash'es, n. pi. said prs. t. 3. Crash'ing, p. prs. : — »., a violent complicated noise; a prolonged crash. CRA CRE nor, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — th'm, THis. CRE Cras-sa-ment (kras'sa v ment), n The thick and red part of blood ; clot. Cras-si-tude (kras's&Hude), n, Grossness, coarseness. Cratch (kratsh), n. A palisaded manger for hay. Cratch'es, n. pi. Crate (krate), w. A hamper; a wicker pannier for crockery. Cra-ter (kra'tur), n. The mouth of a volcano. [80-16.] *Craunch (kransh), v. U [prs. t. 3, craunches.] To crush in the mouth. Cra-vat (kra-vaf), n. A neckcloth. Crave (krave), v. t. To ask with earnestness or submission ; to long for; to beg. [109-26.] [278-17.] Cra'ving, p. prs. : — w., unreason- able desire : — a., urgently long- ing for. Cra-ven (kra'vn), n. A coward, a recreant : — a., cowardly, base. Craw (kraw), n. The crop or first stomach of birds. Craw fish (kraw'fish), j n. A Cray-fish (kra'fish), J small shell-fish ; the river-lobster. Crawl (krawl), v. i. To creep; to move as a worm. Crawl-er (krawl'ur), n. One who crawls ; a creeper. *Cray-on (kra'iin), n. A kind of pencil for drawing ; a drawing in crayon : — v. t., to sketch in crayon. Craze (kraze), v. t. To break ; to crush ; to make crazy. Cra'zing, p. prs. Cra-zed-ness (kra'zed x nes), n. Brokenness, decrepitude. *Cra-zi-ness (kra'ze v nes), n. State of being crazy ; imbecility, weak- ness, insanity. Cra-zy (kra'z6), a. [crazier — craziest.] Broken, decrepit; shattered in the intellect; mad, insane. Creak (kreek), v. i. To make a harsh, sharp, complaining noise. Creak-in g, p. prs. : — n., a sharp, harsh sound. Cream (kreem), n. The oily part of milk ; the best part : — v. i., to gather cream ; to mantle or froth. Cream-y (kreem'e), a. Having the nature of cream ; rich. * Crease (kreese), n. A mark made by folding : — v. t. } to mark by folding. Creas'ixg, p. prs. CreVsote. See creosote. Cre-ate (kr£-ate') ? v. t. To form out of nothing ; to cause to ex- ist ; to produce ; to make. [220.] Cre-a'ting, p. prs. Cre-a-tion (kre-a'shun), n. The act of creating; the thing crea- ted; the universe. Cre-a-tive (kre-a'tlv), a. Having power to create. *Cre-a-tor (kr^-a'tur), n. God; one who creates or bestows ex- istence. *Crea-ture (kre'tshur or kret'- yur), n. A being created; a brute; a word of contempt or tenderness ; a dependant. *Cre-dence (kre'dense), n. Be- lief, credit, reputation, confidence. Cre-den-da (kre-den'da), n. pi. Articles of faith. Cre-dent (kre'dent), a. Easy of belief; having credit; believing. *Cre-den-tial (kre-den'shal), n. That which gives a title to credit, a testimonial : — a., giving a title to credit. ^CRED-i-BiL-i-TY( N kred-e-birie v te), n. Claim to belief; probability. [264-22.] Cred-i-ble (kred'e r bl), a. Worthy of belief, probable. Cred-i-bly (kred'e v ble), ad. In a manner that claims belief. Cred-it (kred'it), n. Belief; repu- tation; faith; trust reposed; in- fluence; promise given ; amount 11* due: — correlative of debt[269-1]: — v. t., to believe; to trust, con- fide in ; to admit as a debtor. *Cred-it-a-ble (kred'it'a-bl), a. Reputable; estimable; fair. Cred-it-a-ble-ness (kred'it'a-bl- v nes), n. Reputation, estimation. Cred-it-a-bly (kred'lt'a-ble), ad. Reputably, honorably. *Cred-it-or (kred'lt N ur), n. One to whom a debt is owed; one who gives credit. *Cre-du-li-ty (kre-du'le x te), h. Easiness of belief ; credulousness. *Cred-u-lous (kred'ju v lus), a. Apt to believe ; easily deceived. Cred-u-lous-ness (kred'ju^lus- n6s), n. Aptness to believe ; credulity. Creed (kreed), n. A summary of the articles of faith ; belief. Creek (kreek), n, A small river; a small bay, cove, or inlet. Creep (kreep), v. i. [crept — crept.] To move slowly, as a worm ; to move feebly ; to grow along, as a vine ; to fawn. Creep-er (kreep'ur), n. A plant; a grapnel; an insect. Creep-ing-ly (kreep'ingH&), ad. Slowly, as a reptile. Cre-ma-tion* (kre-ma'shun), n. The act of burning. *Cre-ole (kre'61e), n. A native of Spanish America, of European descent. Cre-o-sote (kre^sote), } *Cre-a-sote (kre'a v s6te), J An oily, antiseptic liquid ; — also written kreosote. Crep-i-tate (krep'e'tate), v. i. To make a crackling noise. CrepVta-ting, p. prs. *Crep-i-ta-tion ( x krep-e-ta'shun), n. A small, crackling noise. Crept, pst.t. and p. prf. of creep. *Cre-pus-cule (kr^-pus'kulo), n. Twilight. Cre-pus-cu-lar (kr£-pus'ku x lar), a. Relating to twilight. 125 CRI CRI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, mSve, CRI #Cres-cent (krSs'sent), a. In creasing, growing : — w., the moon in her state of increase ; the Turkish standard; the Ottoman Empire. [39-22.] *Cres-cive (kres'slv), a. In- creasing. Cress (kres), n. An herb. Cress'es, n. pi. Cres-set (kres's§t), n. A beacon; a great light ; torch, lamp. Crest (krest), n. A plume of feathers; the ornament of the helmet in heraldry ; the comb of acock; a tuft; pride; spirit: — v. t., to furnish with a crest; to streak. Crest-ed, p. prf. : — a., adorned with plume or crest. Crest-Fall-en (krest'faln), a. Dejected, sunk, spiritless. Crest-less (krlst'lSs), a. Not dignified with coat-armor. *Cre-ta-ceous (kre-ta'shus), a. Chalky. *Cre-tism (kre'tlzm), n. A false- hood ; a Cretan practice. *Cre-vasse (kre-vas'), n. A breach in the embankment of a river ; a gully, a gap. *Crev-ice (krev'ls), n. A crack; a cleft. Crew (kr66), n. The company of a ship : — p. prf. of crow. *Crew-el (kr66'il), n. Yarn twisted and wound on a knot or ball. Crib (krlb), n. A rack or manger; a frame for a child's bed : — v. t., to shut up ; to confine;, to steal. *Crib'bing, p. prs. Crib-bed (krlbd), p. prf. *Crib-bage (krlb'bije), n. A game at cards. Crib-ble (krib'bl), n. A sifter or screen. Crick (krlk), n. Noise of a door; a painful stiffness in the neck. Crick-et (krlk'kit), n. An insect; a sport ; a low seat or stool. 126 *Cri-er (krl'ur), n. The officer whose business is to make proc lamation ; one who cries goods. Crime (kiime), n. An act contrary to law ; an offense ; a great fault. J^* A crime is a violation of human, vfCE of moral, sin of Divine law. Forgery is a crime, drunkenness a vice ; they are both sins. Crimes are particular, vices habitual, acts committed; sins are either particular or habitual acts, omitted or committed. The degree of iniquity attached to a crime or a vice varies with the time, place, and character of the act; but every sin, un- der all conditions, bears the same stamp of guilt and enor- mity. Crabbe. Crim-i-nal (krlm'e^nal), a. Faulty, guilty ; involving crime : — «., a person guilty of a crime. ^CRiM-i-NAL-i-TrOkrlm-e-nal'eHe) n. Guilt; wickedness. Crim-i-nal-ly (krlm'e x nal-le), ad. Wickedly, guiltily. Crim-i-nate (krim'e v nate), v. t. To charge with a crime. Crim'i x na-ting, p. prs. [Charge. CRiM-i-NA-TiON( x krim-e-na'shun)rc. Crim-i-na-to-ry (krlm'e x na-tur- Ve), a. Accusing; censorious. Crimp (krlmp), a. Crisp, brittle, easily crumbled : — v. t., to crisp or curl the hair ; to plait. Crim-ple (krlm'pl), v. t. To con- tract ; to curl ; to corrugate. Crim'pling, p. prs. Crim-son (krioi'zn), n. Red, some- what darkened with blue; a deep red color: — a., of a deep red color: — v. t., to dye with crimson : — v. i., to blush. Cringe (krlnje), n. A servile bow, mean civility : — v. i, y to bow ; to fawn, flatter: — v. t., to shrink, contract. Crin'ging, p. prs. --Cringe-ling (krinje'ling), ) Cring-er (krinje'ur), J n ' One who cringes. Crink-le (kringk'kl), v. i. To run in flexures; to wind; to wrinkle, bend : — v. t., to mould into ine- qualities: — n., a wrinkle, fold, sinuosity. Crink'ling, p. prs. Crip-ple (krip'pl), n. A lame person: — v. t., to lame; to make lame. *Crip'pling, p. prs. *Cri-sis (kri'sis), n. The time when any affair comes to its height; a critical time. [255-21.] *Cri-ses (krl'seez), n. pi. Crisp (krlsp), a. Curled ; brittle ; indented : — v. t., to curl ; to twist; to make brittle. Cris-pa-tion (kris-pa'shun), ] Crisp-ness (krisp'n£s), j n ' The act of curling ; the state of being curled or crisp. Crisp'y, a. See crisp. *Cri-te-ri-on (krl-te're'un), n. A standard by which any thing is judged ; a test ; a measure CRI-TE'RI X A, ) , Cri-te'ri x ons, J n ' P ' Crit-ic (krlt'ik), n. A judge of merit in literature and art; a connoisseur; a censurer [236-1] : — a., relating to criticism, critical. *Crit-i-cal (krit'e^kal), a. Exact, discriminating; discerning; re- lating to criticism ; captious ; in- clined to find fault ; relating to or producing a crisis; decisive; dangerous. [295-1.] Crit-i-cal-ly (krlt'e x kal-le), ad. In a critical manner; exactly. Crit-i-cal-ness (krit'e-kal x nes), n. The state of being critical ; exactness. *Crit-i-cise (krlt'e x slze), v. t. To pass judgment upon ; to censure: — v. i.j to exhibit beauties and blemishes ; to censure : — some- times written criticize. [326-11.] CRO CRO n3r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, THis. CRU Crit'i v cis-ing, p. prs. Crit-i-cis-er (krlt'e x slz-ur), n. One who criticises. Crit-i-cism (krlt'e v slzm), n. The act or art of judging ; critique ; remark, animadversion. [163-24.] *Cri-tique (kre-teek'), n. A criti- cal examination or remark; the science of criticism. Croak (kr6ke), v. i. To make a noise as a frog, raven, or crow ; to murmur ; to forebode evil : — n., the cry of a frog, raven, or crow. Croak-er (kr6ke'iir), n. One who croaks. Crock (kr6k), n. An earthen vessel. *Crock-er-y (kr6k'ur v re), n. Earthenware. Croc-o-dile (kr6k'6Mlle or kr6k'- 6M11), ». A large amphibious animal of the lizard kind. Cro-cus (kro'kus), n. A flower; saffron ; a yellow powder. #Cro'cus x es, n. pi. Croft (kr6ft), n. A little field ad- joining a house. Crone (kr6ne), n. An old ewe; an old woman. Cro-ny (kr6'ne), n. An old ac- quaintance ; an associate. *Cro'nies, n. pi. Crook (kruk or kr6Sk), n. A bend, a curve; a bent staff, a shepherd's hook; artifice: — v. t„ to bend; to make crooked; to pervert : — v.i., to bend ; to be bent. Crook-ed (kruk'ed or kr66k'ed), p. prf. : — a., bent; not straight; curving; oblique; perverse. Crook-ed-ly (kruk'ed x le or krS6k'- §d x le), ad. In a crooked manner. Crook-ed-ness (kruk'ed v nes or kr&5k'ed x nes), n. Deviation from straightness ; curvity ; perverse ness. Crop (kr6p), n. The craw of a bird ; the harvest ; any thing cutoff: — v. t., to cut off; to eat off ; to mow ; to reap. Crop'ping, p. prs. Crop'ped (kr6pt), p. prf. Crop-Eared (kr&p'eerd), a. Having the ears cropped. *Cro-si-er (krd'zhe^er), n. The pastoral staff of a bishop. Cros-let (kr6s'let), n. A small cross. Cross (kr6s or kraws), n. The ensign of the Christian religion ; a line or straight body intersect- ing another ; misfortune; oppo- sition ; hinderance : — a., trans- verse ; adverse ; peevish, fretful ; contrary : — prp., athwart ; over ; from side to side ; across : — v. t., to lay or pass athwart ; to sign with the cross; to cancel (ap. p. — out); to vex; to thwart; to embarrass : — v. i., to lie or pass athwart. Cross'es, n. pi. andjors. t. 3. Cross-Bill (kr6s'bll), n. A de fendant's bill ; a bird. Cross-Bow (kros'bo), n. A weapon for shooting arrows. Cross-Ex-am-i-na-tion fkr&s- §gz x am-e-na'shun), n. Examin ation of a witness of one party by the opposite party. Cross-Ex-am-ine ( x kr6s-§gz-am'- in), v. t. To examine a witness produced by an opposite party. 'Cross-Ex-am'in'ing, p. prs. *Cross-Grain-ed (kr6s-grand'),a. Having the fibres transverse; troublesome, vexatious, perverse. Crossing, p. prs. : — n., opposition, impediment, vexation ; a place for passing over. Cross'let. See croslet. *Cross-ly (kr&s'le), ad. Athwart; oppositely, adversely; peevishly. Cross-ness (kr&s'ngs), n. Inter- section ; peevishness ; ill-nature, Cross-Road (kr&s'rode), j Cross-Way (kr6s'wa), j A path intersecting the chief road ; a by-way. Cross-wise (kros'wlze), ad. In I the form of a cross ; across. Crotch (kr6tsh), n. A hook; the fork of a tree. Crotch'es, n. pi. "Crotch-et (kr&tsh'et), n. In Music, a quarter note, and marked thus [ f ] ; a forked piece of wood for support; a whim. Crotch'ets, n. pi. Brackets or hooks in which words are in- cluded [thus]. *Crouch (krdutsh), v. i. [prs. t. 3, crouches.] To stoop low; to fawn, cringe. [62-10.] Croup (kr66p), n. A disease of the windpipe. * Croup -ie r (kr&op'eer), n. The assistant-chairman at a public dinner. Crow (kr6), n. A large, black, carnivorous bird ; an iron lever ; the voice of the cock : — v. i. [crowed or crew — crowed], to make a noise like a cock ; to va- por; to boast; to exult. Crowd (kroiid), n. A multitude; a throng; the populace: — v. /., to fill confusedly ; to press close together; to urge: — v. i., to be numerous and confused ; to swarm. Crown (kr5un), n. An ornament worn on the head by sovereigns; a garland ; a reward ; royalty ; the top of the head ; a coin ; completion : — v. t., to invest with a crown; to dignify; to adorn; to reward ; to complete ; to terminate. Crown' ing, p. prs. : — a., comple- ting, lofty : — n., the act of crown- ing; the completion. Crown-Glass (kr6dn'glas), n. A sort of fine window-glass. *Cru-ci-al (kr66'she y al), a. Trans- verse, intersecting. Cru-ci-ate (kr66'she N it), a. Like a cross. Cru-ci-ate (krSo'she'ate), v. t. To torture ; to torment. Cru'ci x a-ting, p. prs. 127 CRU CRU Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin- -n6, move, CUB *Cru-ci-ble (kr6S'se x bl), n. A chemist's melting-pot. CRU-ci-Fix(kr66'se N fiks),ft.Arepre- sentation of Christ upon the cross, #Cru'ci v fix-es, n. pi. *Cru-ci-fix-ion (^krdS-se-flk'- shun), n. The punishment of nailing to a cross ; the death of Christ. [345-22.] Cru-ci-form (krSd'se^fSrm), a. Having the form of a cross. Cru-ci-fy (kr66'se x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, crucifies.] To put to death by nailing the hands and feet to a cross ; to mortify, torment ; to subdue by religion. ^Cru'ciVi-ed, p. prf. Crude (kr&6d), a. Raw; harsh; unripe; not well digested; im- mature. [129-16.] Crude-ly (kr66d'le), ad. Un- ripely ; without due preparation. Crude-ness (kr66d'nes), ] *Cru-di-ty (kr66'de r te), J n ' Unripeness ; indigestion. [222-2.] Cru'di'ties, n. pi. Cru-el (kr66'll), a. Pleased with hurting others ; inhuman. *Cru-el-ly (kr66'irie), ad. In- humanly, barbarously, savagely. Cru-el-ty (kr&d!lH&), ft. Inhu- manity, savageness, barbarity. *Cru'el v ties, n. pi. Cru-et (krdo'et), n. A vial for vinegar, oil, &c. Cruise (kr&Sz), n. A voyage without any denned course: — v. L, to sail or rove without any certain course. Cruis'ing, p. prs. *Cruis-er (kr66z'ur), n. A person or vessel that cruises. *Crum ) (krum), n. The soft part Crumb J of bread; a fragment; a small particle of bread : — v. L, to break into crumbs. Crum-ble (krum'bl), v. t. To break into small pieces : — v. i., to fall into small pieces. [65-2.] Crumbling, p. prs. 128 *Crum-my (kruin'me), a. Full of crumbs; soft. Crump (krump), a. Crooked in the back ; brittle. Crum-ple (kmm'pl), v. t. To draw into wrinkles; to rum- ple : — v. i.y to shrink up ; to contract. Crum'pling, p. prs. Crup-per (krup'p&r or krup'pur), n. A leather to keep a saddle right. Cru-sade (kr&6-sade'), n. An ex- pedition against the infidels of the Holy Land. Cru-sa-der (kr66-sade'ur), n. One employed in a crusade. [126-4.] *Cruse (krdds), ft. A small cup; a cruet. Cru-set (krS6'slt), ft. A gold- smith's melting-pot or crucible. Crush (krush), v. t. To squeeze; to press with violence ; to sub- due ; to beat down, depress : — n., a violent collision ; a rushing together. Crush'es, n. pi. and£>rs. t. 3. Crust (krust), n. Any shell, or external coat; an incrustation; the case of a pie ; the hard part of bread : — v. t., to envelop ; to cover with a hard case : — v. i., to gather or contract a crust. *Crus-ta-ceous (krus-ta'shus), a. Shelly; with joints like lobsters. Crus-ta-tion (krus-ta'shun), n. An adherent covering; incrus- tation. Crust-i-ly (krust'e^l^), ad. Peev- ishly, snappishly. *Crust-i-ness (krust'eWs), w. The quality of a crust; peev- ishness. Crust-y (krust'e), a. [crustier — crustiest.] Covered with a crust; morose, snappish, surly. Crutch (krutsh), w. A support used by cripples : — v. t., to sup- port on crutches. Crutch'es, n.pl. smdprs. t. 3. Cry (krl), v. i. To call aloud; to exclaim ; to utter lamentation ; to weep, shed tears : — v. t., to proclaim, to make public : — n., a shriek, scream; weeping; clam- or ; proclamation ; importunate call; yell. *Cries, ft. pi. and prs. t. 3. Cry'ing, p. prs. : — n., clamor : — a., great, notorious. Cri'ed, p. prf. -Crypt (kript), n. A subterranean cell or cave ; a grave. *Cryp-tog-ra-phy (krip-t6g'gra- Ye), ft. The art of writing in se- cret characters. Cryp-tog'ra x phies, ft. pi. *Crys-tal (kris'tal), n. A regular solid body; a superior kind of glass; the glass of a watch- case : — a., consisting of crystal ; transparent. *Crys-tal-line (kris'tariine or kris'tariin), a. Consisting of crystal ; bright,clear,transparent. *Crys-tal-li-za-tion (krls N tal-le- za'shun), n. Congelation into crystals. *Crys-tal-lize (krls'taflize), v. t. To cause to congeal in crystals: — -v. i.> to be converted into crystals. Crys'tal^li-zing, p. prs. Cub (kub), n. The young of a beast (generally of a bear or fox). *Cu-ba-tor-y (ku'ba x tur-re), a. Recumbent, lying down. Cu-ba-ture (kii'baHshure), n. The finding of the cubical contents. Cube (kube), n. A solid contained by six equal square faces ; the product of a number multiplied twice into itself. Cube-Root (kube'r66t), n. A number which multiplied twice into itself will produce a given number. Cu-bic (ku'bik), | a. Hav- Cu-bi-cal (ku'be^kal), J ing the form of a cube. CUF CUL n8r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — th'm, this. CUN *Cu-bi-cal-ly (ku'be'kal-le), ad. In a cubical method. Cu-bi-cal-ness (ku'be-kaTnes), n. The state of being cubical. Gu-bic-u-lar (ku-blk'u v lar), a. Belonging to a chamber. Cu-bi-form (ku'beYdrm), a. Cube- shaped. Cu-bit (ku'blt), n. A measure of about eighteen inches ; the fore- arm. *Cu-bi-tal (ku'beHal), a. Con- taining the length of a cubit. Cu-boid (ku'bdid), { *Cu-boid-al (ku-b61d'al), J Resembling a cube. *Cuck-oo (kuk'k66), n. A bird. *Cu-cum-ber (ku'kum x bur or kdu'- kum x bur), n. A plant and its fruit. Cud (kud), n. Food reposited in the first stomach of ruminating animals, in order to be chewed again ; something chewed. Cud-dle (kud'dl), v. i. To lie close. Cud'dling, p. prs. Cud-dy (kud'de), n. A small cabin or cook-room in a ship ; a three- legged stool ; a fish. Cud^dies, n. pi. Cudg-el (k&dj'il), n. A stick to strike with : — v. L, to beat. Cudg'el^ing, ) *Cudg'el v lisg, J ^ r *' Cudg'el-ed, ) * *CuDG'ELL-ED, \ P' PV* Cudg-el-er ) n »,.. m ,» N *CUDG-EL-LER j (^d.) 'Mr), »• One who cudgels another. *Cue (ku), n. The end or tail of a thing ; a hint, intimation ; a rod used in playing billiards, a queue. *Cuer-po (kwer'p6), n. The state of being without the outer gar- ments ; the body. Cuff (kuf ), n. A blow with the fist; a box; a stroke; part of a sleeve: — v. i., to fight; to scuf- fle: — v. u, to strike with the fist; to beat. *Cui-rass (kwe-ras' or kwe'ras), n. A breastplate. Cui'rass-es, n. pi. *Cui-ras-sier ( y kwe.-ras-seeV), n A soldier in armor. *Cuish (kwls), n. Armor for the thighs. Cuish-es (kwls'lz), n. pi. *Cu-li-na-ry (ku'le x na-re),a. Re- lating to cookery or the kitchen. Cull (kul), v. t. To select from others. *Cul-len-der (kul'lenMur), 11. A strainer ; a sieve : — formerly spelled COLANDER. Cul-ler (kul'lur), n. One who chooses or culls. *Cull-ion (kul / yun),n.Ascoundrel. Cul-ly (kul'le), n. A man jilted or imposed upon ; a dupe : — v. I. to jilt, befool, dupe. Cul'lies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Culm (kulm), n. A stem of grass ; a fossil coal. *Cul-mi-nate (kul'me^nate), v. To be in the meridian; to reach the highest position. Cul'miVa-ting, p. prs. CuL-Mi-NA-TioN( x kul-me-na'shun), n. The transit of a planet through its meridian; highest position; act of culminating. *Cul-pa-bil-i-ty ( x kul-pa-bil'le- v te), n. Blamableness ; faultiness, Cul-pa-ble (kul'pa^bl), a. Crimi- nal, blamable, guilty. Cul-pa-ble-ness (kul'pa-bl x nes), n. Blamableness, guilt. Cul-pa-bly (kul'pa x ble), ad.Blam- ably, guiltily. Cul-prit (kul'prlt), n. A man ar- raigned for crime ; a criminal. Cul-ti-vate (kul'teVate), v. t. To improve by tillage, care, or study ; to till, dress, improve ; to polish. [223-2.] Cul'tiVa-ting, p. prs. Cul-ti-va-tion ( x kul-te-va'shun), n. The act of tilling; tillage, improveinent,refinement,culture. Cul-ti-va-tor (kul'teVa-tur), n. One who cultivates ; a farmer. Cul-ture (kul'tshur), n. The act of cultivating and the im- provement resulting from it [301-1] :— v. t., to cultivate, till, improve. Cul-ver-in (kul'vurln), n. A long, slender cannon. Cul-yert (kul'vurt), n. An arched drain or passage under ground. *Cum-bent (kum'bent), a. Lying down; recumbent. Cum-ber (kum'bur), v. t. To em- barrass ; to crowd or load so as to obstruct; to encumber. Cum-ber-some (kum'bur^sum), a. Burdensome, unwieldy. Cum-ber-some-ly (kum'buVsum- le), ad. So as to encumber. Cum-ber-some-ness (kdm'bur- x sum-nes), n. The quality of be- ing cumbersome ; encumbrance. *Cum-brance (kum'branse),n. Im- pediment, burden, hinderance. Cum'bran^ces, n. pi. *Cum-brous (kuin'brus), a. Bur- densome, heavy. [136.] *Com-frey ) (kum'fre), n. A me- Cum-frey J dicinal plant. *Cum-in (kum'ln), n. An aro- matic plant. Cu-mu-late (ku'nnYlate), v. t. To heap together; to accumulate. Cu'muYa-ting, p. prs. Cu-MU-LA-TiON( > ku-mu-la , shun),n. The act of heaping together. Cu-mu-la-tive (ku'mu y la-tlv), a. Augmenting by addition. *Cu-ne-al (ku'ne'al), ) *Cu-ne-ate (kiYnelfc), J a ' Shaped like a wedge. Cu-ne-a-ted (ku'ne v a-t^d),a. Made in form of a wedge. *Cu-ne-i-form (ku'ne-e^rm), ) Cu-ni-form (ku'neYdrm), ) a. Formed like a wedge. Cun-ning (k&n'ning), a. Skilful ; artful, subtle, sly, crafty: — ;/., artifice, skill, craft, slvness. 129 CUR CUR Fate, far, fall, fat— me, mSt— pine, pin- -n6, move, CUR *Cun-ning-ly (kun'ning^e), ad. Artfully, slyly, craftily. Cun-ning-ness (kun'ningWs), n. Deceitfulness, slyness, artifice. Cup (kiip), n. A drinking-vessel ; a draught; part of a flower:— v. t., to draw blood by scarifi cation. Cup'ping, p. prs. : — n., a mode of drawing blood. *Cup-ped (kupt), p. prf. Cup-bear-er (kup' x bare-ur) ; One who serves out liquors at a feast. *Cup-board (kub'burd or kup' b6rd), n. A shelf or closet for ware or provisions. *Cu-pel (ku/pel),n. A refining-cup. *Cu-PEL-LA-TioN( x ku-pel-la A shun), n. The act of refining metals. *Cu-pid-i-ty (ku-pld'e x te), n. In- ordinate desire, unlawful longing. *Cu-po-la (ku'p6 v la), n. A dome. Cup-per (kup'pur), n. One who cups ; a scarifier, a bleeder. Cup-ping-Glass (kup'plngVlas), n. A cup-shaped glass used in drawing blood. *Cu-pre-ous (ku'pre^us), a. Con- sisting of copper ; coppery. *Cu-PRiF-ER-ous(ku-prif'er v us),a. Producing copper. *Cu-pule (ku'ptile), n. The cup of the acorn, &c. Cur (kur), n. A degenerate dog ; a snappish, mean man. *Cu-ra-ble (ku'ra N bl), a. Admit- ting of a remedy, remediable. Cu-ra-ble-ness (ku'ra-brnSs), n. The state of being curable. *Cu-ra-cy (ku'ra'se), n. The office of a curate ; curateship. #Cu'ra x cies, n. pi. Cu-rate (ku'rit), n. A clergyman hired to perform the duties of an- other ,* a parish priest. *Cu-rate-ship (ku'rlt^shlp), «. A curacy. Cu-ra-tive (ku'raHiv), a. Having power to cure. 130 *Cu-ra-tor (ku-ra'tur), n. One who has the care and superin- tendence of any thing; a guar- dian, trustee. Curb (kurb), n. Part of a bridle ; restraint, opposition ; a frame round the mouth of a well or at the border of a pavement : — v. L, to guide a horse with a curb ; to restrain ; to check ; to bridle ; to lay a cuft. [151-7.] Curb-less (kurb'les), a. Incapable of restraint. *Cur-cu-li-o (kur-ku'le v 6), n. An insect that injures fruits. Curd (kiird), n. The coagulated part of milk : — v. t., to turn to curds; to cause to coagulate or curdle. Cur-dle (kur'dl), v. i. To coagu- late ; to concrete [369] : — v. t. y to cause to coagulate; to curd. Cur'dling, p. prs. Cur-dy (kuVde), a. Full of curds ; concreted; coagulated. Cure (kure), n. Remedy (ap. p. — for) ; act of healing ; the ben efice or employment of a curate : — v. t., to heal (ap. p. — of), re- store to health ; to remedy ; to preserve from corruption, to salt, dry, smoke, or pickle. Cu'ring, p. prs. Cure-less (ktire'l^s), a. Without cure, irremediable. Cu-rer (ku'riir), n. One who cures. *Cur-few (kiir'fu), n. An even- ing bell, a signal for extinguish- ing lights. Cu-ri-os-i-ty ( N ku-re-6s'eHe), Inquisitiveness; nicety; a sight; a rarity. [54-23.] [221-20.] -^Cu-ri-osVties, n. pi. *Cu-ri-o-so ( x ku-re-6's6), n. A person who delights to see or hear of rare things ; a virtuoso. 'Cu-ri-o'sos, n. pi. Cu-ri-ous (ku're'us), a. Singular, rare ; nice ; inquisitive, prying. [55-9.] [200-8.] Cu-Ri-ous-LY(ku , re^us-le),arf.With nice care and skill ; inquisitively. *Cu-ri-ous-ness (ku'reMs-nes), n. Nicety ; inquisitiveness. Curl (kurl), n. A ringlet of hair; undulation, wave, flexure: — v. L, to turn the hair in ringlets ; to twist; to hurl stones on ice: — v. i., to shrink into ringlets; to rise in waves. *Cur-lew (kur'lu), n. A waterfowl. *Cur-li-ness (kur'leWs), n. The state of being curly. Cur-ly (kur'le), a. Having curls. *Cur-mud-geon (kur-mud'jun), n. A surly miser; a niggard; a churl. * Cur-rant (kur'ran or kur'ran t), n. A shrub and its fruit. *Cur-ren-cy (kur'reVse), n. Cir- culation, general reception ; con- stant flow ; money, or what passes for it. *Cur'ren v cies, n. pi. * Cur-rent (kur'rent), a. Gene- rally received ; passable ; pass- ing ; popular : — n., a running stream; course. f Cur-rent-ly (kur'rentfle), ad. In a constant motion; generally; with general reception. Cur-rent-ness (kur'rent^nes), n. Circulation ; general reception. *Cur-ri-cle (kur're'kl), n. An open two-wheeled chaise. *Cur-ri-er (kur'reMr), n. A dresser of leather. Cur-rish (kiir'rlsh), a. Like a dog ; quarrelsome ; - snappish ; brutal. *Cur-rish-ly (kur'rlsh^le), ad. Snarlingly, brutally. Cur-rish-ness (kur'rlshWs), n. Churlishness, moroseness. Cur-ry (kur're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, curries.-] To dress leather ; to rub and clean ; to flatter. Cur'ri-ed, p. prf. *Cur-ry-comb (kur're'k6me), n. A comb for cleaning horses. CUR CITS nor, nSt— tube, tub, bdll — Ml— pound— thin, this. CYC Curse (kurse), v. U [cursed or[CuR-VET (kur-vef or kur'vet), v. i. CURST — cursed or curst.] To To leap, bound, frisk [66-18]: — wish evil to ; to execrate ; to tor- ment ; to afflict : — v. i. } to utter imprecations : — n., execration ; imprecation,- malediction; tor- ment, affliction. Curs'ing, p. prs. *Cur-sed (kur'sed;, a. Under a curse; deserving a curse; exe- crable, detestable. Cur-sed-ly (kur'sed^le), ad. Mis- erably, shamefully, vilely. Cur-sed-ness (kur'se^fnSs), n. The state of being under a curse. Curs-er (ktWur), n. One who utters curses. *Cur-si-tor (kur'seHur), «. A clerk in Chancery. Cur-sive (kur'slv), a. Running, rapid. Cur-so-ri-ly (kur's6 N re-le), ad. Hastily, carelessly. *Cur-so-ri-ness (kur's6Ve-nes),w. Hastiness, slight attention. *Cur-sor-y (kur'surVe), a. Inat- tentive; hasty, quick; slight. Curst, pst. t. and p. prf. of curse. Curt (kurt), a. Short, uncourteous. Cur-tail (kur-tale'), v. t. To cut off; to shorten; to abridge. Our-tail-ment (kur-tale'mSnt), «. Abridgment ; retrenchment. *Cur-tain (kur'tin), n. A cloth used to conceal a bed, window, or stage; a wall between two bastions: — v. t., to inclose with curtains. Curt'sy. See courtesy. Cur-va-ted (kur'va'ted), a. Bent. Cur-va-tion (kur-va'shun), n. The act of bending or crooking. Cur-va-ture (kur'vaHshur), n. Crookedness, curve, flexure. Curve (kurv), a. Crooked, bent, inflected : — n., any thing bent ; a flexure or crookedness ; an arc or part of a circumference : — v t t. } to bend ; to crook, inflect. Cur'ving, p. prs. a leap, bound, frolic. *Cur-vet'ting, j Cur'vet^ing, ) P> P r ' *Cur-vet'ted, j /. Cur 'vetoed, ^ P' P r f' *Cur-vi-lin-e-al ( N kur-ve-lln'e- ^al), a. Composed of one more curved lines. Cur-vi-lin-eab ( N kur-ve-lln'yar or v kur-ve-lln'e x ar), a. See curvi- lineal. *Cur-vi-ty (kur'veHe), n. Crook- edness, curvature. Cur'vi^ties, n. pi. *Cush-at (kush'lt), n. The ring- dove or wood-pigeon. *Cush-ion (kush'in), n. A pillow for a seat ; a soft pad : — v. t., to furnish with cushions. Cush-ion-ed (kiish'lnd), p. prf. : — a., furnished with, or seated on, a cushion, Cusp (kusp), n. The horns of the moon, point of a spear, &c. *Cus-pi-dal (kus'peMal), a. End- ing in a point, pointed. Cus-tard (kus'turd), n. A food made of eggs, milk, and sugar. *Cus-to-di-an (kus-t6'de'an), n. A keeper ; a curator. *Cus-to-dy (kus'td v de), n. Im- prisonment; guardianship, care. Cus-tom (kus'tum), n. Fashion, habit, usage; patronage; duty on exports or imports [25-27] [163] : — see habit. Cus-tom-a-ble (kus'tum N a-bl), a. Common ; subject to duties. *Cus-tom-a-ri-ly (kus'turu x a-re- x le), ad. Habitually, commonly. Cus-tom-a-rt-ness (kus'tuin y a-re- N nes), n. Frequency ; com- monness. Cus-tom-a-ry (kus'tum^a-re), a. Conformable to custom ; habit- ual ; accustomed ; usual. [149-5.] Cus-tom-er (kus'tum x ur), n. An accustomed buyer, dealer. „ Cus-tom-House (kus'tum^hduse), n. A house where duties on imports and exports are collected. Cut (kut), v. t. [cut — cut.] To penetrate with an edged instru- ment; to hew; to carve; to di- vide; to intersect; to avoid: — v. i., to make use of an edged tool; to be divided; to pass through : — n., an incision ; a wound; sarcasm; a shred; a passage by which an angle is cutoff; a picture; form, shape. Cut'ting, p. prs. : — n., a piece cut off; a branch ; a cutlet : — a., se- vere, sarcastic. *Cu-ta-ne-ous (ku-ta'ne^us), a. Relating to the skin ; cuticular. *Cu-ti-cle (ku'te'kl), n. The outermost skin; scarf-skin, or epidermis ; a thin skin. Cu-tic-u-lar (ku-tlk'ti x lar), a. Be- longing to the skin. Cut-lass (kut'las), n. A broad, curved sword. *Cut'lass n es, n. pi. Cut-ler (kut'lur), n. One who makes cutting instruments. Cut-ler-y (kut'liirVe), n. The business or goods of a cutler. Cut-let (kut'let), n. A slice of meat ; a steak ; a chop. Cut-ter (kut'tur), n. That which cuts; a swift-sailing vessel. Cut-Throat {but' thrbte) , n. A ruffian; a murderer; an assas- sin: — a., cruel, inhuman, bar- barous. Cut-Wa-ter (kut/wa-tur), n. The fore-part of a, ship's prow. *Cy-cle (sl'kl), n. A circle; a round of time. *Cyc-li-cal (slk'le v kal), a. Re- lating to a cycle. Cy-cloid (si'kloid), n. A geomet- rical curve. *Cy-clo-pe-an ( v sl-kl6-pe'an), ) Cy-clop-ic (sl-kloplk), \ a. Pertaining to the Cyclops; colossal; terrific. 131 CYL CYP Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m6t — pine, pin — n&, more, CZA *Cy-clo-pe-di-a J Csi _ kl6 . pe ^de^) Cy-clo-p^e-di-a J v p ; n. A dictionary of arts and sciences ; an encyclopedia. *Cy-clops (sl'kl6ps), n. sing, and pi. In Mythology, a one-eyed giant who assisted in making thunderbolts. [365-22.] *CYG-NET(slg , n§t),w.Ayoung swan. *Cyl-in-der (sil'lnNttr), n. A roller ; a body of uniform length and breadth contained by one spherical and two flat surfaces. Cy-lin-dric (se-lin'drlk), "I Cy-lin-dri-cal (se-lin'dre^kal), j a. Having the form of a cylinder. *Cym-bal (sim'bal), n. A musical instrument. Cyn-i-cal (sin'e'kal), a. Having the qualities of a dog ; churlish, snarling, satirical. [242-11.] *Cyn-ic (sin'lk), n. A philosopher of the snarling sort; a follower of Diogenes ; a snarler : — a., churlish, snarling, cynical. *Cy-no-sure (sl'n6 N shure or sin'- 6 x shure), n. The northern con- stellation (Ursa Minor) which contains the polar star; centre of attraction ; guide. Cy-pher. See cipher. *Cy-press (sl'pr^s), n. An ever- green tree ; an emblem of mourning. Cy'press n es, n. pi. Cy-prus (sl'prus), n. A thin, trans- parent, black stuff. *Cyst (sist), n. A bag or sac con- taining morbid matter. Cyst-ic (slst'ik), a. Relating to a cyst. *Czar (zar), n. The title of the Emperor of Russia. *Cza-ri-na (za-re'na), n. The title of the Empress of Russia. *Czar-o-witz (zar'6Vltz), n. The title of the Czar's eldest son. BAC D(dee), n. The fourth letter and third consonant is a dental and mute. The name is written Dee, and the plural Dees. It is much used as an abbrevia- tion ; thus, D.D. stand for divin- itatis doctor (doctor of divinity), B.V. for Deo volente (God will- ing), B.G. for Dei gratia (by the grace of God), B. or d. for dena- rius (a penny) ; and, as a nume- ral, it has been made to repre- sent 500, because it is the ini- tial of dimidium mille (half a thousand). Bab, v. t. To strike gently with the hand or something soft: — n., a small, moist lump ; a gen- tle blow; an adept; a small, flat fish. Bab'bing, p. pre. Bab'bed, p. prf. Bab-ble (dab'bl), v. t. To smear, daub; to wet: — v. i., to play in water ; to tamper ; to dip slightly. Bab'bling, p. prs. Bab-bler (dab'blur), n. One who dabbles or meddles. Bace (dase), n. A small river-fish. 132 BAG *Bac-tyl (dak'til), n. A poetical foot of three syllables, the first long and the others short. *Bac-tyl-ic (dak-til'lk or dak'- tillk), a. Relating to the dactyl. Bac-tyl-ist (dak'tillst), n. One who writes flowing verse. Bac-tyl-ol-o-gy ( v dak-til-6lWje), n. The art of conversing by the hands. *Baf'f6 v d!l, n. A plant that has a lily-flower ; the narcissus. Bag-ger (dag'gur), n. A short sword, a poniard; the obelisk, as f f ]. Bag-gle (dag'gl), v. t. To trail through mire or water; to draggle. Bag'gling, p. prs. Bag-gle-tail (dag'glHale), a. Be- mired, bespattered. [199-1.] *Ba-guerre-i-an (da-geVre'an), a. Relating to daguerreotypes, or to Da guerre, the inventor of them. *Ba-guerre-o-type (da-ger'6- \lpe), n. A likeness taken by means of a camera-obscura upon a metal made sensitive to the action of light : — v. t, to take da- guerreotypes: — see photograph. BAL Ba-guerre-o-typ-ic (da^ger-o- tip'ik), a. Relating to daguerre- otypes. Ba-guerre-o-typ-ist (da^r-6- tlp'lst), n. One who takes da- guerreotypes. *BAH-LiA(da , le > a,daae r a,ordaae r a) n. A plant and its flower. *Bai-ly (da'le), a. Happening every day; diurnal: — ad., every day, very often. *Bain-ti-ly (dane'te x le), ad. Ele- gantly, delicately, fastidiously. Bain-ti-ness (dane'te^nes), n. Belicacy, nicety ; squeamishness. Bain-ty (dane'te), a. [daintier — -daintiest.] Belicate, nice, squeamish : — n.,a delicacy: — ad., daintily. [356.] Bain'ties, n. pi. Bai-ry (da're), n. A place where butter and cheese are made. *Bai'ries, n. pi. *Bai-sied (da'zed), a. Full of daisies. *Bai-sy (da'zS), n. A flower. Bai'sies, n. pi. Bale, n. A vale, a valley. -Bal-li-ance (dal'le N anse), n. Act of fondness ; a toying DAM DAN n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pMnd — thin, THis. DAS *Dal-li-er (dal'leNlr), n. A tri- fler; a fondler. Dal-ly (dal'le), v. i. [prs. t. 3, dallies.] To trifle; to frolic; to exchange caresses; to delay. Dal'li-ed, p. prf. Dam, n. A mother of brutes ; a mole or bank to confine water : — v. t., to confine, shut up water by moles or dams. *Dam'ming,.^>. prs. *Dam'med, p. prf. Dam-age (damlje), n. Mischief; loss ; hurt or hinderance : — v. U, to injure, impair. Damages, n. pi. Indemnity for injuries. Damaging, p. prs. *Dam-age-a-ble (dam'lj v a-bl), a. Susceptible of hurt. Dam-ask (dam'usk), n. Linen or silk woven in figures ; a red col- or : — v. t., to form flowers upon stuffs ; to variegate. Dam-ask-in (dam'uskln), n. A sabre. Dame, n. A lady ; a mistress of a family ; a matron. *Damn (dam), v. t. To doom to eternal torments in a future state ; to condemn ; to curse. *Dam'ning, p. prs. *Dam-ned (dam'nM or damd), p. prf. : — a., hateful, detestable ; condemned. Dam-na-ble (dam'na r bl), a. De- serving damnation. Dam-na-bly (dam'na^ble), ad. In a damnable manner. Dam-na-tion (dam-na'shun), n. Exclusion from Divine mercy; condemnation to eternal punish ment. Dam-na-tor-y (dam'naHur-re), a. Containing condemnation. Dam'ned. See p. prf. of damn. Dam-nif-ic (dam-nif'ik), a. Pro curing loss ; mischievous. Dam-ni-fy (dam'ne v fl),v,£. [prs.t.3, damnifies.] To injure; to hurt. Dam'niVi-ed, p. prf Damp, a. Moist ; inclining to wet, humid ; dejected : — n., moisture, fog; dejection: — v. t., to moist- en; to depress; to chill. f Damp'en, v. t. To damp, which see. Damp'er, n. He or that which damps or checks. Damp'Ish, a. Somewhat moist. Damp'IshVess, n. Slight humidity. Damp'ness, n. Moisture. *Dam-sel (dam'zel), n. A young woman ; a girl. Dam-son (dam'zn), n. A small, black plum. Dance (danse), v. i. To move in measure ; to frisk : — v. t., to put into a lively motion : — w., a mo- tion of one or many in concert. Dan'cing, p. prs. : — n., the act of stepping or leaping to music. Dan-cer (dan'sur), n. One who practices the art of dancing. Dan-de-li-on ( v dan-de-ll'un), n. A plant and its yellow flower. Dan-dle (dan'dl), v. t. To shake on the knee; to fondle. [263-17.] Dan'dling, p. prs. Dan'dler, n. One who dandles ; a fondler. *Dan'druff, n. Scurf on the head. Dan-dy (dan'de), n. A fop. Dan'dies, n. pi. Dan-dy-ism (dan'de^lzm), n. Fop- pishness, coxcombry. Dan-ger (dane'jur), n. Hazard risk, peril, jeopardy. Dan-ger-otjs (dane'juVus), a Hazardous, perilous. Dan-ger-ous-ly (dane'jurMs-le), ad. Hazardously, with danger. Dan-ger-ous-ness (dane'juVus- n^s), n. Danger, hazard, peril. Dan-gle (dang'gl), v. i. To hang loose ; to hang upon ; to follow. Dan'gling, p. prs. Dan-gler (dang'glur), n. A man that dangles or hangs about others. Dank (dangk), a. Moist and close. 12 Dap-i-fer (dap'eYiir), n. One who serves meat at table. Dap-per (dap'pur), a. Little and active, neat and nimble. Dap-ple (dap'pl), a. Marked with various colors, variegated : — v. t. 9 to streak; to variegate. Dap'pling, p. prs. Dare, v. i. [durst — dared.] To venture ; to have sufficient cour- age : — v. t. [dared — dared], to challenge ; to defy. Da'ring, p. prs. : — a., bold, adven- turous, fearless, intrepid. Da-red (dard), pst. t. and p. prf. of dare {to challenge), and p. prf. of DARE {to venture). Da-ring-ly (da/rlng N le), mi. Cour- ageously, boldly. Da'rIng^ness, n. Boldness. Dark, a. Without light; blind; opaque ; obscure ; gloomy : — n., want of light, darkness ; secrecy, obscurity. Dark-en (dar'kn), v. t. To dim ; to make dark: — v. i., to grow dark. Dark'Ish, a. Somewhat dark. Dark'lIng, a. Being in the dark. Dark-ly (dark'le), ad. Obscurely, blindly, dimly. Dark'ness, n. Absence of light; opaqueness, obscurity; secrecy; wickedness. Dark-some (dark'sum), a. Ob- scure ; gloomy ; void of light. Dar'lIng, a. Favorite ; beloved : — n. y a favorite; one much be- loved. Darn, v. t. To mend holes by imi- tating the texture of the stuff. Dart, n. A weapon thrown by the hand; a spear, javelin: — v. t., to throw ; to emit : — v. i., to fly as a dart. Dash, v. t. To throw; to break {ap. p. — against, upon) : to con- found, make ashamed ; to min- gle ; to sketch in haste {ap. p. — in, off)) to obliterate {out): — 133 DAU Fate, far, fail, fat- DAZ -me, m§t- -plne, pin — n&, m5ve, DEA v. i. f to fly off the surface; to rush (ap. p. — on, out) ; to strike (ap.p. — at): — ?i., collision ; infu- sion ; the line [ — ] ; a stroke ;• a blow (ap. p. — at) ; an ostenta- tious display. Dash'es, n. pi. arndprs. t. 3. Dash'ing, p. prs. : — a., rushing carelessly; precipitate; making a dash. Dash-board (dash'bord), ) Dash-er (d&sh'ur), j A board at the front of a vehicle. Das'tArd, ft. A coward, a poltroon, a craven : — a., cowardly, mean. *Das-tard-ly (das'tard v 16), a. Cowardly, mean, timorous. Da'tI, ft. pi. of DATUM. Date, n. The time of an event; period, epoch, era; the fruit of a palm-tree : — v. t., to note the time of an event : — v. i., to be- gin ; to reckon ; to be dated. Da'ting, p. prs. Date'less, a. "Without a fixed term or date. Da-tive (da'tiv), ft. In Grammar, the case that signifies the person to whom any thing is given : — a., relating to the dative case. Da'tum, ft. A truth admitted. DA/tI, ft. pi. Daub (dawb), v. t. To smear ; to paint coarsely ; to flatter grossly : — ft., a coarse painting ; plaster. Daub'ing, p. prs. : — ft., a daub. Daub-er-y (dawb'ur v re), ». A daub ; any thing artful. Daub'er x ies, ft. pi. Daub-y (dawb'e), a. Smeary. *Daugh-ter (daw'tur), n. A fe- male child or descendant. Daugh-ter-in-Law (daw'tur-ln- v law), ft. A son's wife. Daugh'ters-in-Law, ft. pi. Daugh-ter-li-ness (daw'tur r l&- nSs), n. The state or conduct of a daughter. Daugh-ter-ly (daw'turHe), ad. Becoming a daughter. 134 Daunt (dant or dawnt), v. t. To discourage ; to fright ; to intim- idate. [125-8.] Daunt-less (dant'l&s or dawnt'- l£s), a. Fearless, bold. Daunt-less-ly (dant'leVte or dawnt'leVle), ad. Fearlessly. Daunt-less-ne.ss (dant'leVne's or dawnt'leVne's), ft. Fearlessness, *Dau-phin (daw'fin), n. The name formerly given to the heir-ap- parent to the crown of France, Dau-phin-ess (daw'fin^s),ft. The wife of a dauphin. [267-2.] Daw, ft. A bird ; the jackdaw. *Daw-dle (daw'dl), v. t. or v, To waste time ; to trifle. Daw'dling, p. prs. Dawn, v. i. To begin to grow light; to glimmer ; to open : — n., begin- ning, first rise, break of day. Dawn'ing, p. prs. : — a., opening expanding : — ft., the dawn. Day (da), «. The time between rising and setting of the sun the time from noon to noon or midnight to midnight ; twenty four hours ; light ; sunshine ; an appointed time ; life ; a contest. Day-book (da'b66k), n. A daily record of business transactions. Day-break (da'brake), n. The dawn ; the first appearance of day. Day-dream (da'dreme), n. A vision to the waking senses. Day-light (da'llte), n. Light of day. Day-Lil-y (da'lire), n. A plant and its flower; asphodel. Day'-Lil'ies, w. pi. Day-spring (da'spring), n. The rise of the day ; the dawn. Day-star (da'star), n. The morn- ing star ; the planet Venus. Day-time (da'tlme), ft. The time in which there is daylight. DIze, v. t. To dazzle : — ft., a stone. Daz-zle (daz'zl), v. t. To over- power with light or brightness. [275-15.] *Daz'zling, p. prs. *"Dea-con (de'kn), w. One of the lower order of clergy; an eccle- siastical officer. Dea-con-ess (de'kn^s), ft. a. female deacon. Dea'co^ess-es, ft. pi. Dea-con-ry (de'knVe), 1 Dea-con-ship (de'kn N ship), ) n ' The ofiice or dignity of a deacon. Dea'con^ries, ft. pi. Dead (dSd), a. Deprived of life ; inanimate, motionless ; gloomy ; tasteless; perfect, as dead level; under the power of sin : — ft., the depth or time of stillness or gloom : — w. pl. f those who have died. Dead-en (dSd'dn), v. t. To de- prive of life or vigor; to make vapid or spiritless. *Dead-li-ness (d^d'le^nes), w. The state of being deadly. Dead-ly (dSd'le), a. Destructive, mortal : — ad., mortally ; im- placably. Dead-ness (de'd'ne's), n. Want of life or spirit ; vapidness. Dead-Reck-on-ing (ded'Y&k-kn- ^Ing), ft. The estimation of a ship's position by log and com- Deaf (d3f or deef), a. Wanting the sense of hearing. *Deaf-en (deffn or de&f'fn), v. t. To deprive of the power of hearing. Deaf-Mute (deTnmte or deef- mute), ft. One deprived of hear- ing and speech. Deaf-ness (deTnSs or deef n^s), ft. Want of power to hear. Deal (deel), n. A part; a quan- tity ; fir or pine timber [223] ; a thin plank; act of distributing cards: — v. t. [dealt or dealeo — dealt or dealed], to distrib- ute : to divide ; to dole (out) ; to give: — v. i., to traffic; to trans- act business ; to act. (ap. p.— in, by, with.) DEB DEB n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. DEC Deal'ing, p. prs. : — n., action ; in- tercourse ; traffic, business; dis- tribution of cards Deal-er (deel'ur), n. One who deals ; a trader. Dean (deen), n. The second dig nitary of a diocese ; an officer in a college. [198-10.] *Dean-er-y (deen'urYe), n. The office or residence of a dean *Dean'er x ies, n. pi. Dean-ship (deen'shlp), n. The office and rank of a dean, Dear (deer), a. Beloved ; costly ; precious : — n., a darling. *Dear-born (deer'burn), n. A light four-wheeled wagon. Dear-ly (deer'le), ad. With great fondness ; at a high price. Dear-ness (deeYne's), n. Fond- ness, love ; costliness. ^Dearth (d&rth), n. Scarcity; want; famine; barrenness. Death {d&th), n. The extinction of life ; mortality ; manner of dy- ing; state of the dead; perdition. DEATH-LESs(de : ^/le , s),a. Immortal. *Death's-man I (dl^s'man),n. An Deaths-man executioner. DeathVmen, Deaths *Death-War-rant (dfifWftr- rant), n. An order to execute a criminal. Death-watch (deWw&tsh), n. An insect whose noise is imagined to prognosticate death. Death'watch x es, n. pi. De-bar', v. t. To exclude, hinder, preventjdeprive^op.^. — of,from.) *De-bar'ring, p. prs. * De-bar-red (de-bard'), p. prf. De-bark 7 , v. t. To disembark; to land from a vessel. De-bar-ka-tion ( v de-bar-ka'- shun), n. The act of landing from a ship. De-base', v. t. To bring low ; to reduce ; to sink ; to disgrace ; to humble ; to adulterate, lessen. Vmen, } 7 De-ba'sing, p. prs. De-base'ment, n. The act of de- basing; degradation. De-bate', n. A personal dispute ; a contest; a public discussion, dis- putation, controversy : — v. t., to controvert; to dispute; to con- test: — v. i. y to deliberate, reflect on; to dispute, combat. f De-ba'ting, p. prs. De-b1te'ful, a. Contentious. De-ba-ter (de-ba'tur), n. A dis- putant; one who debates. [250-7.] *De-bauch (de-bawtsh'), v. i. To corrupt; to vitiate: — n., intem- perance, excess, lewdness. De-bauch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Deb-atj-chee (Me'b-aw-shee'), ) De-bauch-er (de-bawtsh'dr), J n. A drunkard ; a libertine. De-battch-er-y (de-bawtsh'ur x re), n. The practice of excess ; lewdness. De-bauch'er^ies, n. pi. De-bauch-ment (de-bawtsh'ment), n. The act of debauching. De-ben-ture (de-ben'tshur), n. A writ by which a debt or abate- ment of duties is claimed. *De-bil-i-tate (de-bire v tate), v. t. To make faint; to enfeeble. De-bil'i x ta-ting, p. prs. De-bil-i-ty (de-bil'le v te), n. Weak- ness, feebleness, languor. De-bii/i n ties, n. pi. Deb'It, v. t. To charge with debt : — n. f the debtor side of a leger ; debt, money due. *Deb-o-nair (M^b-6-nare'), a. Ele- gant, civil, gay, sprightly. *De-bouch (de-b66sh'), v. i. [prs. t. 3, debouches.] To march out of a wood or defile. *DE-B0TJ-cHURE(Ma-b6S-shure'),n. The mouth of a river or strait. *De-bris (da-bre'), »• pi- Frag- ments of rocks ; rubbish ; ruins. Debt (det), n. Due, obligation. *Debt-ee (d£t-ee'), n. One to whom a debt is due. *Debt-or (det'tiir), n. He that owes something to another. *De-but (da-bu'), n. A first ap- pearance, first attempt. *Deb-tj-tant (Meb-u-tang'), n. One who makes a debut. Dec-ade (dek'ad), n. The sum often; a space of ten days. De-ca-dence (de-ka'd£ns), j De-ca-den-cy (de-ka'den N s£), J n ' Decline, decay, fall. Dec-a-gon (d^k'a^gftn), n. A plane figure having ten sides. *Dec-a-logue (dek'a^g), n. The Ten Commandments. De-cam-e-ron (de-kam'e^r6n), n. A volume consisting of ten books. De-camp (de-kamp r ), v. i. To shift the camp; to move off. De-camp-ment (de-kamp'ment), n. The act of shifting the camp. De-cant (de-kanf), v. t. To pour off clear and gently. De-can-ta-tion (Me-kan-ta'shun), n. The act of pouring off clear. De-cant-er (de-kant'ur), n. A glass vessel for liquor ; one who decants. De-cap-i-tate (de-kap'e x tate), v. U To behead; to decollate. De-cap'i v ta-ting, p. prs. De-cap-i-ta-tion (de^kap-e'-ta'- shun), n. The act of beheading. DE-CAR-BON-i-zA-TioN(de v kar-b6n- e-za'shun)/i. Act of decarbonizing. De-car-bon-ize (de-kar'b6n v lze), v. t. To free from carbon. De-car'bonVzing, p. prs. De-cay (de-ka/), v. i. To lose excel- lence; to decline; to decompose; to rot [216-19] : — n., consump- tion ; decline; decomposition. *De-cease (de-sees'), n. Death, departure from life : — v. i. y to die, to depart from life. [288-14.] De-ceas'ing, p. prs. *De-ceit (de-seef), n. Fraud : arti- fice; acheat; stratagem. [218-14.] DE-CEiT-FUL(de-seet'ful), a. Full of deceit; fraudulent, fallacious. 135 DEC DEC Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, mSve, DEC DE-CEiT-FiJL-LY(de-seet'furie),ac2. Fraudulently ; with deceit. De-ceit-ful-ness (de-seet'f&l- Ws), n. Tendency to deceive. *De-ceiv-a-ble ( de-see v'a^bl), a. Capable of being deceived. *De-ceive (de-seeV), v. t. To bring into error; to delude by stratagem; to cheat. De-ceiv'ing, p. prs. De-ceiv-eb (de-seev'ur), n. One who leads into error. De-cem-ber (de-seWbtir), n. The twelfth and last month of the year. ££&** Among the Romans, de cember was the tenth month ; hence the name. *De-cem-vir (de-sem'vur), n. One of ten rulers of ancient Rome, De-CEM'VI V RI, De-cem'virs, n. pi. De-cem-vi-rate (de-seWveMt), n. The dignity and office of the decemvirs. *De-cen-cy (de'seVse), n. Propri- ety, decorum ; modesty. [83-7.] De'cen^cies, n. pi. *De-cen-na-ry (d£-seVnaV&), n. A period or term of ten years. De-cen-ni-al (de-seVne'al), a. Continuing ten years. De-cent (de'sent), a. Becoming, fit. De-cent-ly (de'sentfle), ad. In a proper manner ; modestly. De-cent-ness (de'sent x nes), n. Decency, which see. De-cep-tion (de-s^p'shun), n. The act of deceiving ; cheat, fraud. *De-cep-tive (de-sep'tlv), a. Tending to deceive ,• deceitful ; delusive; fallacious. De-charm (de-tsharm'), v. t. To counteract a charm; to disen- chant. *De-cide (de-side'), v. t. To de- termine; to settle; to fix the event of [100]: — v. i., to con- clude; to determine, (ap. p. — on, upon.) [381.] 136 De-ci'ding, p. prs. De-ci'ded,^. prf.: — a.,determined, firm ; unequivocal. De-ci-ded-ly (de-sl'd^d^le), ad. In a determined manner; indis- putably. De-ci-der (de-si'dur), n. One who determines. *De-cid-u-ous (d£-sld'juNis), a. Falling in autumn, as leaves; temporary: — opposed to peren- nial and PERMANENT. *De-cill-ion (de-sll'yun), a. or n. By the French or American method of numeration, a number expressed by a unit in the thir- ty-fourth place; by the English method, a unit in the sixty -first place. De-ci-mal (des'se x mal), a. Num- bered by tens: — n., a tenth; a decimal fraction. De-ci-mal-ly (deVse^mal-le), ad. By means of decimals; by tens. De-ci-mate (des'se x mate), v. t. To tithe ; to take the tenth. DecVma-ting, p. prs. *De-ci-ma-tion (MeVse-ma'shun), n. The act of taking the tenth. *De-ci-pher (de-sl'fur), v. t. To explain ; to unravel. [55-21.] De-ci-pher-er (de-sl'f&r^ur), n. One who deciphers. De-cis-ion (de-slzh'un), n. Deter- mination ; promptness in deci- ding; sentence.[82-17.] [334-26.] De-ci-sive (de-si'slv), a. Having power to determine; conclusive, positive. [36-8.] [261-25.] De-ci-sive-ly (de-sl'slv^le), ad. In a conclusive manner. De-ci-sive-ness (de-sl / slv x ne ! s), n. The state of being decisive. De-ci-sor-y (de-sl'surYe), a. Tending to determine or decide. Deck (dlk), v. t. To dress; to adorn ; to array [139-3] : — n., the floor of a ship ; a pack of cards. Deck'ing, p. prs. : — n. } ornament. De-claim (de-k'iame'), v. %. To harangue ; to speak as an orator. De-claim-er (de-klame'ur), n. One who declaims ; an orator. DEc-LA-MA-TioN(M^k-la-ma / shun), n. A harangue; an exercise in speaking ; a speech. *DE-CLAM-A-TOR-Y(de-klam'a > tur- re), a. Relating to declamation ; rhetorical. De-cla-ra-ble (de-kla'ra r bl), a. Capable of proof. Dec-la-ra-tion (Me'k-la-ra'shun), n. A proclamation ; an affirma- tion; a formal statement. [149-6.] De-clar-a-tive (de-klar'aHlv), a. Proclaiming ; explanatory. *De-clar-a-tor-y (de-klaVaHur- re), a. Affirmative, expressive. De-clare (de-klare'), v. t. To make known, proclaim, publish : — v. i. f to make a declaration. De-cla'ring, p. prs. De-clar-ed-ly (de-klarWle), ad. Avowedly; openly. *De-clen-sion (de-kleVshun), n. The act of declining; degene- racy; descent; inflection of nouns and pronouns. De-cli-na-ble (de-kli'na x bl), a. Capable of declension. Dec-li-na-tion (Me'k-le-na'shun), n. Descent, decay; the act of bending ; obliquity ; in Astrono- my, the angular distance of a ce- lestial body from the equator. DE-CLiN-A-TOR-Y(de-klin / aHur-re), Avoiding ; turning away. De-cline (de-kline'), v. i. To lean downwards ; to deviate ; to re- fuse; to decay [72-14] [276-5]: — v. t., to bend downwards; to shun; to refuse; to inflect a word : — n., diminution, decay, consumption. [32-13.] De-cl^ning, p. prs. *De-cliv-i-tous (de-kliv'e x tus), ) *De-cli-vous (de-kll'vus), f a. Sloping ; gradually de- scending. DEC n6r, n&t- DEC -tube, tub, bull— 611— -p6iind — thin, THis. DED Be-cliv-i-ty (de-kliv've v te), Inclination downwards, gradual descent, slope. [114-17.] ^De-cliv'iVies, n. pi. De-coct (de-k6kt'), v. t. To pre pare by boiling,- to digest. De-coc-tion (d6-kok'shun), n. The act of boiling ; a preparation or extract made by boiling. De-col-late (de-kol'late or d£k'- 6 x late), v. t. To behead. De-COl'lA V TING, p. prs. *DEC-OL-LA-TioN( x d§k-61-la'shun), n. The act of beheading. De-col-or-a-tion (de x kul-hir-a'- shun), n. Privation of color. *De-com-pos-a-ble (Me-k6m-p6s'- a x bl), a. Capable of decomposition. De-com-pose (Me-k6m-p6ze'), v. t. To dissolve or resolve a mixed body ; to separate into constituent parts ; to analyze ; to rot. ^De-com-po'sing, p. prs. DE-coM-POS-iTE(Me-k6m-p6z'lt),a. Compounded a second time. De-com-po-si-tion (de r k6m-p6- zlsh'un), n. The act of decom- posing ; separation into ele- ments ; analysis. De-com-pound (Me-k6m-p6und'), v. t. To compound a second time : — a., compounded a second time ; decomposite. De-com-pound-a-ble fd£-k&m- p6und'a x bl), a. Capable of being decompounded. Dec-o-rate (d£k'6Vate), v. t. To adorn, embellish. [55-8.] [267-5.] DecVra-ting, p. prs. Dec-o-ra-tion (M^k-6-ra'shun), n. Ornament, embellishment, gar- niture. [65-3.] [182-1.] Dec-o-ra-tive (d£k'6-raHiv), a. Ornamental. DE-co-ROUs(d£-k6'rusorde : k , 6 x rus), a. Decent ; suitable to a good character; proper; becoming. *De-co-rous-ly (de-k6'rus x le or dek'6Yus-le), ad. In a becoming manner. *De-cor-ti-cate (de-k6r'te v kate) v. t. To divest of the bark; to peel. De-cor'ti x ca-ting, p. prs. De-cor-ti-ca-tion (de N k6r-te-ka' shun), n. The act of strip ping off. De-co-rum (de-kd'rum), n. De cency, propriety, order. [272-25.] De-coy (de-k<5e'), v. t. To allure into a cage ; to entrap : — n., al lurement to mischief; a snare; a lure : — a., alluring. De-crease (de-kreeV), v. i. To grow less ; to be diminished : v. t., to make less, diminish : — the state of growing less, decay. De-creas'ing, p. prs. DE-CREAS-iNGr-LY(de-krees'lng > le) ad. In a diminishing manner. De-cree (de-kree'), v. i. To make an edict ; to appoint by edict :— v. t, to doom or assign by a de cree; to determine, ordain, ap- point : — n., an edict ; a law. [15-6.] *Dec-re-ment (de'kWme'nt), n. Decrease, diminution. ^DE-cREP-iT(de-kr^plt),a. Wasted or worn out with age ; weak. De-crep-i-tate (de-kr§p'e v tate), v. t. or v. i. To crackle in the fire. De-crepVta-ting, p. prs. De-crep-i-ta-tion (de v kr§p-e-ta r - shdn), n. The crackling noise occasioned by heat. De-crep-i-tude (de-krSp'eHude), n. The last stage of decay ; the last effects of old age. [158-35.] *De-cres-cent (de-kreVse'nt), a. Growing less ; decreasing. *De-cre-tal (de-kre'tal), a. Ap- pertaining to, or containing, a decree : — n., a book of decrees or edicts. De-cre-tive (de-kre'tiv), a. Hav- ing power to decree. Dec-re-to-ry (de'k'reHur-re), a. Judicial; definitive; critical; es- tablished by decree. 12* *De-cri-al (de-kri'al), n. Clamor- ous censure, noisy condemnation. *De-cri-er (de-kri'ur), n. One who decries. De-cry (de-kri'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, decries.] To censure ; to clamoi against. De-cri-ed (de-kride'), p. prf. De-cum-bence (de-kum'blnse), *De-cum-ben-cy (de-kum'beVse), n. The posture or act of lying down. De-cum-bent (d£-kum'bent), a. Lying down, leaning ; bending. *Dec-u-ple (deVu^pl), a. Ten- fold : — n., a number repeated ten times : — v. t., to repeat ten times. De-ctj-ri-on (de-kuWun), n. A commander over ten. De-cur-rent (d£-kur're 5 nt),a.Run- ning or extending downwards. De-cur-sion (de-kur'shun), n. Act of running down, as a stream. *De-cus-sate (de-kus'sate), v. L To intersect at acute angles. De-cus'sa^ting, p. prs. De-cus-sa-tion fd^-kus-sa'shun), n. Intersection. De-dec-o-rous (de-d§k'6 A rus), c*. Disgraceful, reproachful. *DED-EN-Ti-TiON(M§d-§n-t!sh'un), n. Loss or shedding of the teeth. Ded-i-cate (ded'e'kate), v. t. To devote; to inscribe; to conse- crate [118-1] [226-12] :— a., consecrate ; devoted. Ded'iVja-ting, p. prs. *Ded-i-ca-tion (u£d-evka'shun), n. The act of dedicating ; con- secration ; an address to a patron. *Ded-i-ca-tor (de'd'e^ka-tur), n. One who dedicates or inscribes. Ded-i-ca-tor-y (de'd'e-kaHur-re), a. Composing a dedication. De-duce (d6-duse')> v. t. To draw from ; to infer ; to derive. De-du'cing, p. prs. De-duce-ment (de-duse'me ! nt), n. The thing deduced; deduction; inference. 137 DEF DEF Fate, far, f3.ll, fat — me, mel — pine, pin — n6, mSve, DEF *De-du-ci-ble (de-du'se^bl), a. Inferable, derivable. De-du-cive (de-du'slv), a. Tend- ing to deduce ; deductive. De-duct (de-dukf), v. t. To sub- tract, take away. De-duc-tion (de-dtik'shun), n. That which is deducted; abate- ment ; inference, conclusion. De-duct-ive (de-dukt'lv), a. De- ducible, inferable. DE-DucT-iVE-LY(d^-dukt'lv > le),ac?. By deduction or inference. Deed, n. Action, exploit ; a writ- ing by which the conveyance of real estate is witnessed : — v. t. f to convey real estate. Deem, v. i. To judge; to conclude upon. [91-13.] [334-8.] Deep, a. Entering far ; far from the surface; profound; sagac- ious ; politic ; grave ; solemn ; base, grave in sound; dark: — n.y the sea ; the main ; the most still or solemn part. Deep-en (dee'pn), v. t. To make deep ; to darken : — v. i., to grow deep or dark. Deep-ly (deep'le), ad. To a great depth, profoundly. DEEP-MouTH-ED(deep'mduTHd),a. Having a hoarse and loud voice. Deep'ness, n. Profundity; depth. Deer, n. sing. and^Z. An animal (hunted for venison). Deer, n. pi. De'-face (de-fase'), v. t. To de- stroy ; to disfigure. De-fa'cing, p. prs. De-face-ment (de-fase'ment), n. Violation, injury, disfigurement. De-fa-cer (de-fa'sur), n. One who mars or defaces. *De-fal-cate (de-fal'kate), v. t. To cut off; to take away part. De-fal'ca x ting, p. prs. Def-al-ca-tion (Mef-al-ka'shun), n. Diminution; abatement; a breach of trust. Def-a-ma-tion (Mef-a-ma'shun), 138 n. Slander, calumny, detrac- tion. *De-fam-a-tor-y (de-fam'aHur- re), a. Calumnious, slanderous. De-fame', v. t. To slander; to calumniate ; to asperse. De-fa'ming, p. prs. De-fa-mer (de-fa'mur), n. One who slanders or defames. De-fatjlt (de-fawlf), n. Omis- sion, neglect, failure : — v. i., to fail in a contract. De-fault-er (de-fawlt'ur), n. One who is deficient in duty; one who fails to account for public money. *De-fea-sance (de-fe'zanse), n. The act of annulling. De-fea-si-ble (de-fe'ze^bl), a. Capable of being annulled. De-feat (de-feef), n. Overthrow, frustration : — v. t., to overthrow, frustrate, vanquish, foil. Def-e-cate (defecate), v. t. To clarify; to purify. Def'e v ca-ting, p. prs. Def-e-cate (def'e'kit), a. Purged from lees; defecated. Def-e-ca-tion (Mef-e-ka'shun), n. Purification. De-fect (de-fe^kf), n. "Want, fail- ing ; a fault, blemish. [325.] De-fec-tion (de-fek'shun), n. A falling away; revolt; apostasy. [133.] De-fect-ive (de-fekt'lv), a. Full of defects, imperfect,faulty. [239-4.] De-fect-ive-ly (de-fe'kt'lv^e), ad. Imperfectly. DE-FECT-iVE-NESS(de-fekt'!v N n^s), n. Want, faultiness. De-fence 1 (de-fe'nseO, n. A pro- *De-fense j tection, guard; vin- dication; resistance. De-fence-less j ^ fSnse / lga ) *De-fense-less J v '* a.Unarmed,unguarded;impotent. De-fence-less-ness ) (de-fense' *De-fense-less-ness j leVnes),n. The state of being unprotected. De-fend', v. t. To stand in de- fense of; to protect; to guard ; to vindicate, (ap. p. — ourselves against, others from.) *De-fend-a-ble (de-fend'a^blj, a. Capable of defense. *De -fend 'ant, n. He that de- fends; the person accused or sued ; the appellee in appeal : — ■ opposed to plaintiff : — a., proper for defense ; making de- fense. De-fend-er (de-fend'ur), n. A champion, vindicator, advocate. De-fen-sa-tive (de-fen'sa x tlv), n. A defense ; a bandage. De-fense. See defence. *De-fen-si-ble (de-feVse^bl), a. Capable of defense ; justifiable, defendable. De-fen-sive (de-fen'slv), a. In a state or posture for defense ; proper for defense : — opposed to offensive: — n., safeguard; a state of defense. DE-FEN-siVE-LY(de-fen'sivMe),<7<:Z. In a defensive manner. De-fer', v. t. To put off; to de- lay ; to prolong ; to postpone ; to adjourn : — v. i., to withhold ; to refer to. De-fer'ring, p. prs. *De-fer-red (de-ferd'), p. prf. *Def-er-ence (deT eVense), n. A yielding to the views or wishes of another; respect; submission. [381-11.] *De-fi-ance (de-fi'anse), n. A challenge ; contempt of danger or threat. [116-22.] *De-fi-cience (de-fish'ense), ) *De-fi-cien-cy (de-fish'eVse), j n. Defect; failing; imperfec- tion ; want. De-fi'cien x ces, j j De-fi'cien'cies, j n ' P ' DE-Fi-ciENT(de-flsh'ent)a. Failing, wanting, defective, [ap. p. — in.) *De-fi-cient-ly (de-f'ish'entMe), ad. In a defective manner. DEF DEG n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 611— -pound — thin, THis. DEI *Def-i-cit (deWslt), n. Want, deficiency. De-fi'er, n. One who defies. De-file', v. *. To make foul or impure ; to pollute, corrupt : — v. t., to go off, file by file : — n., a narrow passage. [38-23] [377-22.] De-fi'ling, p. prs. De-f1le'ment, n. Pollution. De-fi-ler (de-fi'lur), n. One who defiles or pollutes. De-fi-na-ble (de-fi'na x bl), a. Ca- pable of definition ; explainable. De-fIne', v. t. To give the sense of; to explain ; to circumscribe ,• to mark the limit. [381-9.] De-fi'ning, p> p^s. De-fi-ner (de-fi'nur), n. One who defines or describes a thing. *Def-i-nite (def'e x nit), a. Cer- tain; limited; exact. [139-26.] [322-11.] Def-i-nite-ly (def'e x nit-le), ad. Precisely ; in a definite manner. Def-i-nite-ness (def'e x nlt-nes), n. Certainty ; limitedness. Def-i-ni-tion (Mef-e-nlsh'un), n. A short description of a thing by its properties ; explanation. De-fin-i-tive (de-fln'e x tlv), a. De- terminate, express, positive : — n., that which defines. De-fin-i-tive-ly (de-fin'e x tlv-le), ad. Decisively, expressly. *De-fla-gra-ble (d£-fla'gra x bl or def'la x gra-bl), a. Combustible. *Def-la-gra-tion ( x def-la-gra'- shun), n. Act of consuming by fire. De-flect (de-flekt'), v. i. To de- viate; to turn aside. *De-flec-tion (de-flek'shun), n. Deviation; the act of turning aside. *De-flex-ure (de-flek'shur), n. A bending down ; a turning aside. *De-flux-ion (de-fluk'shun), n. A downward flow of humors. DE-Fo-Li-A-TioN(de x f6-le-a / shun)n. The shedding or falling of leaves. De-f3rm', v. t. To disfigure; to mutilate; to distort; to mis- shape.f De-form'ed,^?. prf. : — a., ugly, dis- figured, marred. DEF-OR-MA-TioN(M§f-ur-ma , shun), n. A disfiguring; a defacing. DE-FORM-ED-LY(de^f6rm'ed v le),ad. In a deformed manner. De-form-ed-ness (de-f6rm'e ! d- x nes), n. Deformity, ugliness. De-form-i-ty (de-form'e x te), n Ugliness, ill-favoredness ; irreg ularity, distortion. [171-13.] *De-formVties, n. pi. De-fraud (de-frawd'), v. t. To rob by trick; to cheat, (ap. p.— of.) De-fraud-er (de-frawd'ur), n. A deceiver ; a cheat. De-fraud-ment (de-frawd'ment), n. The act of defrauding. De-fray (de-fra'), v. t. To bear the charges of; to pay. De-fray-er (de-fra'ur), n. One who pays expenses. *De-fray-ment (de-fra'ment), n. Payment of expenses. Deft-ly (dSft'le), ad. Skilfully, neatly. *De-funct (de-fungkf), a. Dead, deceased : — n., a deceased person. De-fy (de-fl'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, de- fies.] To call to combat; to challenge ; to dare ; to brave. [355-4.] *De-fied (de-flde'), p. prf. *De-gen-er-a-cy (de-jen'er x a-se), n. A departure from the virtue of one's ancestors; meanness. [257-13.] De-gen-er-ate (de-jen'eVate), v.i. To fall from the virtue of ances- tors ; to grow worse. De-gen'er x a-ting, p. prs. *De-gen-er-ate (de-jeVeVit), a. Decayed in virtue ; degenerated, mean. [54-8.] [269.] De-gen-er-ate-ly (de-jen'eYlt- le), ad. In a degenerate manner. -De-gen-er-a-tion (de x jen-er-a'- shun), n. A deviation from the virtue of one's ancestors. [238-15] Deg-lu-ti-tion (Meg-lu-tish'un), n. The act or power of swal- lowing. Deg-ra-da-tion (Meg-ra-da'shun), n. A deprivation of office or dignity; degeneracy, baseness. De-grade', v. t. To place lower in degree; to dishonor; to lessen the value of, to debase. [379.] De-gra'ding, p. prs. De-gra-ding-ly (de-gra'dlng x l£), ad. In a depreciating manner. De-gree', n. Quality, rank, sta- tion; step; measure; propor- tion ; the three hundred and six- tieth part of a circle ; sixty geo- graphical miles; a proportionate division of a scale or series ; a collegiate title [64-26] [186-15]: — see LATITUDE. De-hor-ta-tion ( x de-h6r-ta'shun), n. Dissuasion. *De-i-cide (de'e x side), n. A slayer or the slaying of our Saviour. De-if-ic (de-lf'ik), *De-if-ic-al (de-lf'ik x al), Divine ; making divine. *De-i-fi-ca-tion (Me-e-fe-ka/- shtin), n. The act of deifying. *De-i-fi-er J (de'e x fl-ur), n. One De-i-fy-er J who deifies. De-i-form (de'e x f6rin), a. Of a godlike form. De-i-fy (de'e x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, deifies.] To make a god of; to adore as God. *De'i x fi-ed, p. prf. *Deign (dane), v. i. To vouch- safe, condescend : — v. t., to per- mit, grant. De-ism (de'lzm), n. Acknowledg- ment of one God, without the re- ception of revelation. [deism. De'Ist, n. One who adheres to *De-ist-i-cal (de-ist'e'kal), ) De-ist-ic (de-ist'Ik), j a ' Belongingto orcontaining deisin. 139 \- DEL DEL Fate, far, fS.ll, fat— me, me't — pine, pin — n6\ m6ve, DEL De-i-ty (de'e v te), n. The Divine Being, God, the Godhead; a fabulous god or goddess ; a divinity. ^DeYties, n. pi. De-ject (de-jSkf), v. t. To cast down ; to discourage ; to afflict \ to grieve. De-ject-ed-ly (d^-jekt'ed r l^), ad, In a dejected manner. De-ject-ed-ness (de-jekt'ed v nes), n. State of being cast down. *De-jec-tion (de-jek'shun), n. Lowness of spirits, melancholy. De-lapse (de-laps'), v. i. To fall or glide down. De-lap'sing, p. prs. De-lay (de-la'), v. t. To defer, put off; to hinder, frustrate: — v. i., to stop, cease from action : — n., procrastination; stay, stop. De-lay-er (de-la'ur), n. One who delays or defers. *Del-e-ble (del'e^bl), a. Capable of being effaced. De-lec-ta-ble (de-lek'ta^bl), a. Pleasing, delightful, pleasant. De-lec-ta-ble-ness (de-lek'ta^bl- nes), n. Delightsomeness, plea- santness. De-lec-ta-bly (de-lek'ta x ble), ad. Delightfully, pleasantly. Delegate, v. t. To send upon an embassy; to intrust; to de- pute. [260.] Del'e x ga-ting, p. prs. Del-e-gate (del'e^glt), n. A com- missioner, a deputy, a represen- tative : — a., deputed, delegated. Del'e x ga-ted, p. prf. : — a., com- missioned to act for another. [48-21.] *Del-e-ga-tjon (MSl-e-ga'shun), n. The act of delegating ; a put- ting into commission; the per- sons commissioned. De-lete', v. t. To blot out, erase. De-le'ting, p. prs. #Del-e-te-ri-ous (Mel-e-te're^us), a. Deadly, destructive. 140 Delf, n. A mine, a quarry ; earth- enware glazed (made at Delft). De-l!b'er v ate, v. i. To ponder; to consider ; to hesitate. [381.] De-lib'er x a-ting, p. prs. De-lib-er-ate (de-llb'eYit), a. Circumspect, wary, slow. [63.] [345-26.] De-lib-er-ate-ly (d6-lib'eVit-16), ad. Circumspectly, advisedly. - ) De-lib-er-ate-ness (de-lib'eVlt- nes), n. Circumspection, wari- ness, caution. De-ltb-er-a-tion (de^lib-er-a'- shun), n. Act of deliberating: thought; consideration. [148.] DE-LiB-ER-A-TivE(de-Hb'eYa-tlv), a. Pertaining to deliberation apt to consider. *Del-i-ca-cy (del'e^ka-se), n Daintiness ; softness ; nicety ; politeness ; weakness ; scrupu- lousness. [159-6.] [192-6.] *Del'i x ca-cies, n. pi. Del-i-cate (del'e v klt), a. Nice; dainty, choice ; soft ; weak. Del-i-cate-ly (del'eMdt-le), ad. Daintily ; choicely ; politely ; effeminately. Del-i-cate-ness (del'e x klt-nes), n. The state of being delicate. *De-li-cious (de-lish'us), a. Del- icate, sweet, delightful. [94-38.] De-li-cious-ly (de-llsh'us'l£), ad. Sweetly ; pleasantly ; delight- fully. De-li-ciotjs-ness (de-lish'us x nes), n. Delight, pleasure, joy. ! 'DEL-i-GA-TioN(Mel-e-ga'shun),n. In Surgery, a binding up. De-light (di-llte'), n. Great plea- sure ; that which gives great pleasure : — v. t., to please : — v. i., to have great pleasure in. De-light-ful (de-llte'f&l), a. Pleasant, charming. De-light-ful-ness (de-llte'ful- n£s), n. Great pleasure, delight. De-light-ful-ly (cU-llte'furie), ad. Pleasantly, charmingly. *De-ligrt-some (de-llte'sum), a. Pleasant, delightful. De-light-some-ness (de-lite'sum- x nes), n. Pleasantness, delight. *DE-LiN'E v ATE, v. t. To draw; to design ; to paint, describe. [80.] De-lin'e v A-ting, p. prs. De-lin-e-a-tton (de x lin-e-a'shun), n. The first draught of a thing ; an outline ; a sketch ; a descrip- tion. [192-8.] *De-lin-e-a-tor (deHin-e-a'tur), n. One who delineates. De-lin-quen-cy (de-llng^kweVse), n. A fault, offense, crime. *De-lin'quen x cies, n. pi. De-lin-quent (de-ling'kwent), a. Failing in duty ; faulty : — n., an offender. *Del-i-quate (del'e N kwate), v. t. To melt : — v. i., to be melted. DelVqua-ting, p. prs. *Del-i-quesce (Mdl-e-kweV ), v. i. To become liquid by the absorp- tion of moisture from the air. *\Del-i-ques'cing, p. prs. *Del-i-ques-cence ( N del-e-kweV- sense), n. A melting in the air. *Del-i-ques-cent (Mel-e-kweY- s£nt), a. Becoming liquid in the air. *De-liq-tji-ate (de-Ilk' we^ate),?;.'?'. To deliquesce; to melt. De-liq'ui v a-ting, p. prs. *De-liq-ui-um (de-lik'we v um), n. A melting in the air ; fainting. *De-lir-i-ous (de-lir'e^us), a. Light-headed; raving. *"De-lir-i-um (de-lir'e N um), n. Alienation of mind; frenzy. ^De-lir-i-um-Tre-mens (de-lir'- e x um-tre'mens), n. A disease of the brain, caused by excessive tippling. De-liv-er (de-llv'ur), v. t. To give, to yield ; to save ; to rescue ; to utter ; to disburden ; to set free. '•De-liv-er-ance (de-llv'ur x anse), n. The act of delivering ; res- cue; utterance; release. DEM n6"r, n&t- DEM -tube, tub, bull— 311— pound- -th'm, THis. DEM De-liv-er-er (de-llv'urNir), n. A saver ; a rescuer ; a relater. De-liv-er-y (de-liv'ur-re), n. The act of delivering ; release ; res- cue; a surrender; an utterance. De-liv'er'ies, n. pi. Dell, n. A small valley. [39-6.] Del-phine (deTfin), a. Relating to the Dauphin of France, or certain classics; belonging to the dolphin. Del'ta, u. The Greek letter [ A ] ; a tract of land of a triangular form, between the diverging mouths of a river. Del't61d, a. Resembling the Greek delta [ A ] :■ — n., a trian- gular muscle of the arm. De-lu-da-ble (de-lu'da x bl), a. Liable to be deceived. De-lude', v. t. To mislead; to beguile ; to cheat ; to deceive. De-lu'ding, p. prs. De-lu-der (de-lu'dur), n. A de- ceiver; an impostor. *Del-uge (deTluje), n. A general inundation ; any sudden and re- sistless calamity : — v. t., to lay totally under water; to drown; to overwhelm. Del'u v ging, p. prs. De-lu-sion (de-lu'zhun), n. A cheat ; a false representation, il- lusion, fallacy. [175-27.] De-lu-sive (de-hVslv), a. Decep tive, vain, illusory. [240-17.] Delve (delv), v. t. To dig; to fathom : — »., a ditch ; a pitfall ; a den ; a quantity of coals dug. Delv'ing, p. prs. *Dem-a-gogue (d£m'a x g6g), n. A ringleader of a faction ; a popu lar and factious orator. *De-main "J (de-mane' or de- *De-mesne J m&ne'), n. A manor-house and adjacent land. De-mand (de-mand or de-mand'), n. A claim ; a question ; the ask- ing for what is due: — v. t., to claim, ask for with authority; to exact, (ap. p. — of.) De-mand-a-ble (de-mand'a x bl or de-mand'a v bl), a. Subject to demand. De-maxd -ant (de-mand'ant or de-mand'ant), n. The prosecutor in an action ; an appellor. DE->iAR-CA-Tiox( v de-mar-ka'shun) n. Division ; boundary, limit. De-mean (de-meen'), v. t. To be- have; to conduct one's self; to carry : — see misdemean. *De-mean-or (de-meen'ur), n. Carriage, behavior, deportment. [131-31.] [372-23.] De-men-tate (de-men'tate), v. t. To render insane; to infatuate. DE-MEN'TA V TING, p. prs. De-ment-eb (de-ment'ed), a. Mad, insane ; infatuated. De-mer-it (de-merlt), n. Ill de- sert: — opposed to merit. De-mer-sion (de-mer'shun), n. Immersion. De-mesne. See demain. DEM-i-GOD(dem / e x g6d);?.Halfagod. *Dem-i-john (deun'e'jon), n. A large glass vessel enclosed in wicker-work. De-mise (de-mlze ; ), n. Death, decease : — v. t., to grant at one's death, bequeath ; to release. De-mi'sing, p. prs. *Dem-i-sem-i-qua-ver (Mem-e- sem'e v kwa-vur), n. Half a semi- quaver; or, the one-thirty-sec- ond of a semibreve, marked thus [ % ]. *De-mis-sion (de-mlsh'un), n. Degradation ; demotion. De-mIt', v. t. To depress. *De-mit'ting, p. prs. *De-mit'ted, p. prf. Dem-i-tint (dem'^tint), n. A gra dation of color midway between light and shade. *De-moc-ra-cy (de-mok'ra^se), n. Government by the people. J?g§** A democracy is that form of government in which the assembled people make and administer their laws ; a re- public, that in which the peo- ple make and administer their laws through the agency of representatives. De-moc'ra x cies, n. pi. Dem-o-crat (dem'6 x krat), n. A friend to popular government. Dem-o-crat-ic (Mem-6-krat'lk), Dem-o-crat-i-cal (Mem-6-krat'e- N kal), a. Pertaining to popular government. [3S0-9.] DE-M6ViSH, V. t. [prs. t. 3, DE- MOLISHES.] To raze, destroy, overthrow. [65-5.] De-mol-ish-er (de-m6l'ish x ur), ». A destroyer. Dem-o-li-tion (Mem-6-llsh'un), n. Destruction. De'm6n, n. An evil spirit, allied to the devil. [38.] De-mo-ni-ac (de-m6'n^ak), De-mo-ni-a-cal (de-mi-nWkl), } a. Devilish ; influenced by the devil or a demon. *De-mo-ni-ac (de-m6'n& x ak), n. One possessed by the devil. De-mo-ni-an (dl-in6'ne^an), a. Pertaining to demons, demoniac. De-mon-ism (de / m6nlzm), n. The worship of demons. De-mon-ol-o-gy (Me-inon-61'6^je), n. A treatise on evil spirits. DE-MON-STRA-BLF^de-mon'stra'bl), a. Capable of proof beyond doubt or contradiction. De-mon-strate (de-mon'strate or dein'6n x strate), v. t. To prove with certainty; to make evident; to manifest. [159-29.] De-mon'stra x ting, p. prs. Dem-on-stra-tion (Mein-6n-stnV- shun), n. The highest degree of evidence: certain proof; ex- hibition. [228-4.] De-mon-stra-tive (de-in6n'stra- x tiv), a. Having the power of demonstration : proving fully. Dem-on-stra-tor (Mem-on-strA*- tiir), n. One who proves or teaches. 141 DEN Fate, f^r, fall, fat- DEN -me, met — pine, pin- -n6, m6ve, DEO De-mor-al-i-za-tion (d6 N m6r-al- e-za'shun), n. Injury to the moral principles. [the morals. *De-m6r'1l v 1ze, v. L To destroy De-mor'ai/i-zing, p. prs. De-m6te', v. t. To place lower in rank : — opposed to promote. De-mo'ting, p. prs. De-mo-tion (de-m6'shun), n. Deg- radation in rank or place ; demis- sion : — opposed to promotion. 7/^** Demote and demotion are local and novel. They have recently been much used by teachers. *De-mul-cent (d£-mul'sent), a. Softening,assuasive : — ».,a medi- cine that softens, or that lessens irritation. De-mtjr', v. i. To delay a process in law by doubts and objections : — v. t. f to doubt of: — n., doubt, hesitation. *De-mur'ring, p. prs. *De-mttr-red (de-murd'), p. prf. De-mure', a. Sober, grave ; affect- edly modest. De-mure-ly (d£-mure'l£), ad. With affected modesty ; gravely. De-mure'ness, n. Gravity of as- pect ; affected modesty. *De-mur-rage (de-mur'rije), n. An allowance for the detention of a ship. *De-mur-rer (de-mur'rur), n. A pause upon a point of difficulty in an action ; one who demurs. *De-my (de-mi'), n. A size of paper. Den, n. A cave of a wild beast. De-na-tion-al-ize (de-nash'un- aPlze), v. t. To deprive of national rights. De-na'tion-al x i-zing, p. prs. De-nat-u-ral-ize (de-natsh'u-ral- Hze), v. t. To make unnatural. De-nat'u-ralVzing, p. prs. Den-drol-o-gy (d^n-dr61'16^je), n. The natural history of trees. De-ni-a-ble (de-nl'a N bl), a. Ca- pable of being denied. 142 De-n1'al, n. Negation, refusal. De-ni-er (de-ni'ur), n. A contra- dictor,- an opponent. Den-i-za-tion (Vlen-^-za'shun), n. The act of enfranchising. *Den-i-zen (den'e^zn), n. A free- man ; one enfranchised: — v. t., to enfranchise. DE-N0M-i-NA-BLE(d^-n6m'e v na-bl), i. Capable of being named. De-nom-i-nate (de-n6m'e x nate), \ t. To name, give a name to. De-nomVna-ting, p. prs. De-nom-i-na-tion (de x n6m-e-na'- shun), n. A name given to a thing; a sect or class. De-nom-i-na-tive (de-n6in'e x na tlv), a. Giving a name. De-nom-i-na-tor (de-n6m'e N na- tur), n. The giver of a name the number placed below the line in Vulgar Fractions. De-no-ta-ble (de-n6'ta v bl), a, Capable of being marked. Den-o-ta-tion (Vlen-6-ta'shun), n, The act of denoting. De-n6te', v. t. To mark; to be- token ; to indicate. De-no'ting, p. prs. *De-noue-ment (da-n66'mang), n, The unravelling of a plot; the development of a series of events. *De-nounce (de-n6unse')> v. t. To threaten publicly; to condemn openly, (ap. p. — against a per- son, on a thing.) De-noun'cing, p. prs. DE-NOUNCE-MENT(de-n6unse'm£nt) n. The act of denouncing. Dense, a. Close, compact. *Den-si-ty (den'se x te), w. Close- ness, compactness. Den'siVies, n. pi. Dent, n. A slight depression caused by pressure or a stroke ; a mark : — v. t., to make a dent. Den'ted, p. prf. : — a., marked with little hollows or depressions ; indented. Den'tal, a. Belonging to the teeth. Dex-tate (dgn'tlt), ) a. Having Den'ta'ted, j teeth. Den-ti-cle (deVte x kl), n. A pro- jecting point like a small tooth. Den-tic-u-late (den-tlk'u v llt), Den-tic-u-la-ted (den-tik'u^la- ted), a. Set with small teeth. Den-tio-tt-la-tion (deVtik-u-la'- shun), n. State of being den- ticulated. :5: Den-ti-form (deVte v f6rm), a. Having the form of teeth. *-Den-ti-frice (deVteYrls), n. A powder made to scour the teeth. Den'tIst, n. A surgeon who con- fines his practice to the teeth. Den-tis-try (den'tis'tre), n. The practice or business of a dentist. *Den-ti-tion (de'n-tlsh'un), n. The process of developing the teeth ; the period during which the teeth continue to develop. Den't61d, a. Tooth-shaped. De-nu'd1te, v. t. To divest; to strip; to denude. De-nu'da x ting, p. prs. Den-u-da-tion (Men-u-da'shun),n. The act of denuding. De-nude (de-nude'), v. t. To strip; to make naked; to denudate. De-nu'ding, p. prs. DE-NUN-ci-ATE(de-nun'she x ate),v.r. To denounce. De-nun'ci'a-ting, p. prs. *DE-NUN-ci-A-TiON(de v nun-she-a'- shun), n. A public menace, ex- posure, or accusation. De-nun-ci-a-tor (de v nun-she-a'- tur), n. One who threatens or denounces. De-nun-ci-a-tor-y (de-nun'she-a- Hur-re), a. Containing threats or accusations. De-ny (de-nl'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, de- nies.] To refuse to acknowl- edge; to declare untrue; to con- tradict, reject, disown. De-ni-ed (de-nlde'), p. prf. De'6 x d1nd, n. Something forfeited to the state for religious purposes. DEP DEP n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611— p and — thin, THis. DEP h prs* De-o-dor-ize (de-6'durHze), v. t. To free from fetid smells, to disinfect. De-o'dorVzing, p. prs. De-ox-i-date J (de _6ks'eMate), *De-ox-y-date J v " De-ox-i-dize ) (de _ 6ks , eMize) *DE-OX-Y-DIZE j v " v.Z.To deprive of oxygen,to reduce from an oxyd; to deoxygenate. De-ox'i'da-ting, j *De-ox'y n da-ting, j De-oxVdi-zing, ) *De-oxVdi-zing, j De-ox-y-gen-ate (de-6ks , e r j en- ate), v. t. To deprive of oxygen; to reduce from an oxyd ; to de- oxydate. *De-ox'y-gen v a-ting, p. prs. De-part', v. i. To go away ; to de- sert, apostatize ; to abandon ; to forsake ; to deviate ; to vanish ; to perish; to decease. De-pIrt'ment, n. A distinct sta- tion or province ; a division of executive government. [135-13.] DeVIrt-ment'al, a. Relating to a department. De-par-ture (de-par'tshur), n. A going away ; death ; a forsaking. De-pau-per-ate (de-paw'peYate), v. t. To make poor. De-pau'per x a-ting, p. prs. De-pend', v. i. To hang from ; to rely on ; to trust to. (ap. p. — on, upon.) [214-1.] *"De-pend-ence (de-pend'ense), *De-pend-en-cy (d£-pend'en x se), n. The state of hanging from ; a supporter; connection; trust, reliance, confidence. [95-9.] De-pend-ant (de-pend'ant), ) *De-pend-ent (de-pend'ent), j a ' Hanging down ; relying on ; subjected to (ap. p. — on, upon) [182-16] : — n., one who is at the disposal of another, or sustained by him, a subordinate, a retainer. De-phleg mate (de-fleg'mate), v. t. To clear from phlegm, or from water j to distil; to evaporate. De-phleg'ma^ting, p. prs. De-pict (de-pikf), v. t. To paint; to describe vividly; to portray; to delineate. [26-18.] De-pic-ture (de-pik'tshur), v. t. To represent in painting. De-pic/tu x ring, p. prs. *DE-PiL-A-TOR-Y(de-pll , laHur-re), a. Adapted to take off the hair : — n., an application to take away hair. *De-pi-lous (de-pl'lus or dep'e- Ms), a. Without hair. De-ple-tion (d£-ple'shun), n. The act of emptying ; bloodletting. *De-ple-tor-y (de-ple'tur x re), a. Causing depletion. De-plor-a-ble (de-pl6r'a r bl), a. Lamentable ; sad ; calamitous ; grievous. [341-10.] De-plor-a-ble-ness (de-plSr'a- N bl-nes), n. State of being de- plorable. De-plo-ra-bly (d£-plo'ra x ble), ad. Lamentably, miserably. De-pl6re', v. t. To lament; to bewail ; to mourn. De-plor'ing, p. prs. De-plor-er (dl-pldr'ur), n. A mourner ; one who laments. De-ploy (de-plSe'), v. t. To dis- play ; to unfold ; to extend. Dep-lu-ma-tion (Mep-lu-ma'shun) n. Loss of feathers or eyelashes. De-pl^me', v. t. To strip of feathers. De-plu'ming, p. prs. *De-p6'nent, a. Laying down : — n., a witness who gives written testimony on oath. _^t** A deponent verb in Latin is one which has a passive form with an active signification. De-p6p'u" v l1te, v. t. To dispeople, lay waste. De-pop'u x la-ting, p. prs. De-pop-u-la-tion (de^p&p-u-la'- shun), n. The act of dispeopl- ing; havoc, waste. De-p&rt', v. t. To carry, demean : — n., behavior, conduct. DE-poR-TA-TiON(Me-pdr-ta'shun ) n. A carrying away ; transportation. De-p6rt'ment, n. Demeanor, con- duct, behavior. [255-15.] [99-11.] De-pos-a-ble (de-p6z'a x bl), a. Capable of being deposed. De-pos-al (de-p6z'al), n. Act of depriving of office. De-pose (de-poze'), v. t. To lay down ; to degrade from office ; to take away ; to give testimony : — v. i., to bear witness. De-po'sing, p. prs. De-pos-it (de-p&z'it), v. t. To lodge in any place ; to lay up as a pledge or security ; to lay aside [63-18] : — n., a thing committed to the trust of another ; a pledge. De-pos'it^ing, p. prs. *De-pos-i-ta-ry (de-p&z'e v tur-re), n. One with whom any thing is lodged in trust. De-posVta-ries, n. pi. Dep-o-si-tion (Mep-6-zlsh'un), n. The act of deposing or degrading ; written testimony under oath. *De-pos-i-tor-y (de-p6z'e v tur-re), n. A place where any thing is lodged. De-pos'i x tor-ies, n. pi. *De-pot (de-p6' or da-p&')> n. A place of deposit; a magazine or warehouse; a railroad station. DEP-RA-vA-TiON(Mep-ra-va r shun), n. Degeneracy, depravity. De-prave', v. t. To make worse ; to corrupt, f De-pra'ving, p. prs. *De-prav-i-ty (de-prav'eHe), n. Moral corruption. [357.] Dep-re-cate (dep're x kate), v. t. To implore mercy of; to pray that evil may be averted ; to regret. Dep're n ca-ting, p. prs. DEP-RE-cA-TiON( v dep-re-ka / shun), n. Prayer against evil. *De-pre-ci-ate (de-pre'she r ate), v. t. To undervalue ; to decry ; to disparage. De-pre'ci x a-ting, p. prs. 143 DEP DER Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m5ve, DES Dk-pre-ci-a-tion (de x pre-she-a'- shun), n. Act of depreciating; decrease of value. Dep're x d1te, v. t. To rob; to pillage; to spoil. Dep're v da-ting, p. prs. Dep-re-da-tion (Mlp-re-da'shun), n. A robbing; a spoiling; waste. *DEP-RE-DA-TOR(dep're\la-tur),n. A robber ; one who lays waste. De-press', v. t. [prs. t. 3, de presses.] To press or cast down; to humble, deject; to im- poverish ; to discourage ; to dis- pirit. [236-7.] *De-pres-sion (de-pr^sh'un), n. The act of pressing down or humbling; abasement; a sinking of spirits; melancholy. [133-25.] De-press-ive (de-pres'slv), a. Tending to depress. *De-pres-sor (de-preYsur), n. He that keeps or presses down. *Dep-ri-va-tion (Mep-re-va'- shun), n. The act of depriving; bereavement, loss. De-pr1ve', v. t. To bereave; to debar; to take from; to divest of office, (ap. p. — of.) De-pri'ving, p. prs. *Depth (&&-pth), n. Distance downward ; a deep place ; the middle of a season; abstruse- ness ; obscurity ; sagacity. De-pul-sion (de-pul'shun), n. A driving away. De-pul-sor-y (de-pul'surVe), a. Putting or driving away. Dep'^rAte, v. t. To purify; to cleanse : — a., cleansed, pure. Dep'u x ra-ting, p. prs. Dep-u-ra-tion (Mep-u-ra'shun), n. The act of making pure. Dep-tt-ta-tion (Mep-ii-ta'shun), n. The act of deputing or sending with a special commission ; the persons deputed ; delegation. DI-p^te', v. t. To send with a special commission ; to empower one to transact; to delegate, f 144 De-pu'ting, p. prs. *Dep-u-ty (dep'uHe), n. A lieuten- ant; a representative; a vice- roy ; one who transacts business for another. Dep'u v ties, n. pi. *De-raign (de-rane'), v. t. To prove, justify. De-range (d6-ranje'), v. t. To put out of order, disarrange ; to confuse ; to disturb. De-ran'ging, p. prs. De-ran-ged (de-ranjd'), p. prf. :• a., displaced; disordered in mind, insane. De-range-ment (de-ranje'm£nt), n. State of disorder; mental disorder; insanity, f Der-e-lict (der'e N Llkt), a. For- saken, abandoned. Der-e-lic-tion (Mer-e-lik'shdn), n. An utter forsaking ; desertion. De-ride', v. t. To laugh at, turn to ridicule ; to mock ; to taunt. De-ri'ding, p. prs. De-ri-der (de-rl'dur), n. A scoffer, a mocker. De-ri-ding-ly (de-rl'dlng x le), ad. In a jeering manner. *De-ris-ion (de-rizh'un), n. The act of deriding or laughing at ; scorn; mockery. [271.] De-ri-sive (de-rl'siv), ) *De-ri-sor-y (de-ri'surVe), j Mocking, scoffing. De-ri-va-ble (de-rl'va v bl), a. Capa- ble of being derived ; deducible. Der-i-va-tion (MeV-e-va'shiin), n. A tracing from an original or source ; the thing derived. *De-riv-a-tive (de-rlv'a x tlv), a. Derived from another; drawing from one place to another: — n., a thing derived from another. DE-Riv-A-TivE-LY(de-rlv / a v tlv-le), ad. In a derivative manner. De-rIve', v. t. To deduce; to draw or trace a thing from its origi- nal [182-18] : — v. %., to come or descend from. [94-17.] | De-ri'ving, p. prs. De-riv-er (de-rlv'ur), n. One who draws from a source. Derm, n. The skin or integument. Dern-ier (dern-yare' or deVneMr), a. Last, final. Der'6 v g1te, v. t. To lessen worth, to disparage: — v. i., to detract. (ap. p. — from.) Der'o v ga-ting, p. prs. Der-o-ga-tion (Mlr-6-ga'shun), n. A disparaging; detraction, (ap. p. — from, to.) *DE-ROG-A-TOR-Y(de-r6g'aHur-re), a. Degrading; detracting; dis- honorable, (ap. p. — to.) Der-rick (deVrlk), n. A machine for raising heavy weights by means of pulleys. Der'vIs, n. A Turkish priest. Der'vis n es, n. pi. Des-cant (des'kant), n. A song or tune; a discourse. f Des-cant (des-kanf), v. i. To sing ; to discourse at large, f *De-scend (de-s^nd'), v. i. To come down; to proceed from a source; to pass from general to particular considerations (ap. p. — from) : — v. t., to go down ; to walk downward on a declivity. *De-scend-ant (de-send'ant), n. The offspring of an ancestor. [269-20.] *De-scend-ent (de-send'£nt), a. Falling; coming down; proceed- ing from another. *De-scen-sion (de-sen'shuii), n. The act of falling or sinking; descent ; a declension. De-scent (de-senf), n. Progress downwards ; invasion ; trans- mission by succession and in- heritance; extraction; lineage. [270-2.] De-scribe (de-skrlbe'), v. t. To represent by words or figures ; to mark out, delineate; to portray. [143-20.] De-scri'bing, p. prs. DES n5r, n&t- DES -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thin, THis. DES De-scri-ber (de-skri'bur), n. One who describes. De-scrip-tion (de-skrlp'shun), n. The act of describing ; the sen- tence or passage in which any thing is described; delineation of properties ; recital ; explana- tion ; sort or kind. De-scrip-tive (de-skrlp'tlv), a. Containing description. De-scry (de-skri 7 ), v. t. [prs. t. 3, descries.] To see at a distance; to detect; to discern, discover. [88-14.] *De-scri-ed (de-skrlde'), p. prf. Des-e-crate (des'e v krate), v. t. To divert from the purpose to which any thing is consecrated; to dis- honor; to profane. Des'e x cra-ting, p. prs. Des-e-cra-tion ( v des-e-kra'shun), n. A diverting- from a sacred purpose; profanation. *Des-ert (dez'ert), n. Wilder- ness, waste country, uninhabited place : — a., wild, waste, solitary. *De-sert (de-zerf), v. t. To for- sake; to leave, abandon: — v. i., to run away; to quit a service without permission : — n., degree of merit or demerit ; right to re ward; virtue. [239-12.] De-sert-er (de-zert'ur), n. One who forsakes his cause or post; a renegate ; an apostate. De-ser-tion (de-zer'shun), n. The act of forsaking or abandoning ; the state of being deserted. De-serve (de-zerv'), v. t. To be worthy of either good or ill ; to merit ; to have a just claim. De-serv'ing, p. prs. (ap. p. — of.) De-serv-ed-ly (de-zerv'ed x le), ad. Worthily ; according to merit. ^Des-ha-bille'. See dishabille. &De-sic-cate (de-sik'kate or des'- e r kate), v. t. or v. i. To dry up. De-sic'ca v ting, p. prs. DEs-ic-CA-TiON( N des-ik-ka'shun),n. The act of drying. DE x siD-E-RA'T^M, n. Something desirable or wanted. De n s!d-e-ra'ta, n. pi. *De-sign (de-sine' or de-zlne'), v. t. To form an outline of; to sketch ; to purpose or intend ; to plan; to project; to mean: — n., a representation or plan ; an in- tention; a purpose; a scheme. [248-26.] De-sign'ing, p. prs.: — a., treach- erous, insidious, deceitful: — n., the art of sketching or delinea- ting objects. De-sign-a-ble (de-sine'a x bl or de- zlne'a^bl), a. Capable of being designed. *Des'ig x n1te, v. t. To point out or mark; to indicate for an office ; to distinguish. Des'ig x na-ting, p. prs. Des-ig-na-tion (Mes-lg-na'shun), n. Appointment ; indication ; import. De-sign-ed-ly (de-slne'ed x le or de-zine'ed x le), ad. Purposely, intentionally. De-sign-er (de-slne'ur or de-zlne'- ur), n. A contriver ; a plotter ; an artist, draughtsman, modeller. De-sir-a-ble (de-zir'a v bl), a. De- lightful, pleasing. *De-sir-a-ble-ness (de-zlr'a x bl- nes), n. The quality of being desirable. De-sire (de-zlre'), n. Eagerness to obtain or enjoy; wish: — v. t., to wish ; to long for ; to request. De-sir'ing, p. prs. De-sir-ous (dl-zir'us), a. Eull of desire; eager to obtain, (ap. p.— of.) De-sir-ous-ly (de-zlr'us^le), ad. Eagerly, with desire. De-sIst', v. i. To cease; to dis- continue action, (ap. p. — from.) *De-sist-ance (de-slst'anse), n. Act of desisting ; cessation. Desk, n. An inclined table; a pulpit. 13 Des-o-late (des'6 v late),v.£. To lay waste; to depopulate. [85-2.] DesVla-ting, p. prs. Des-o-late (des'6 v lit), a. Solitary, uninhabited; laid waste. [193-8.] Des-o-la-tion (Mes-6-la'shun), n. Act of laying waste, destruction ; sadness ; gloominess. [95-1.] De-spair (de-spare'), n. Hope- lessness, despondency : — v. %., to be without hope; to despond. (ap. p.— of.) [16-11.] [167-18.] *De-spair-ing-ly (de-spare'ing- r le), ad. In a despairing manner. De-spatch (de-spatsh'), \ Dis-patch (dis-patsh'), J v ' u To send away hastily; to per- form a business quickly ; to put to death : — n., hasty execution ; express ; a hasty messenger or message.f De-spatch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Des-pe-ra-do (Mes-pe-r4'd6), n. A man ready for desperate deeds. x Des-pe-ra'does, n. pi. Des-pe-rate (des'pe'rlt), a. Rash; furious ; irretrievable ; without hope. [100-15.] [360-9.] Des-pe-rate-ly (deVpe x rlt-le), ad. Furiously, madly. Des-pe-ra-tion (\les-pe-ra'shun), n. Hopelessness, despair; total disregard of danger. *Des-pi-ca-ble (des'pe x ka-bl), a. Contemptible, mean. [82.] Des-pi-ca-ble-ness (deVpe x ka-bl- Ws), n. Meanness ; vileness. De-spi-sa-ble (de-spi'za v bl), to grow worse. De-te'ri-o^ra-ting, p. prs. De-te-ri-o-ra-tion ( cleHe-r£-6-ra'- shun), n. Act of making worse. -De-ter-mi-na-ble (de-teVme x na- bl), a. Capable of being decided. De-ter-mi-nate (de-teVme N nlt), a. Limited; fixed; definite. De-ter-mi-nate-ly (de-teVme- x nit-le), ad. Resolutely. De-ter-mi-na-tion (de'teV-me-na'- shun), n. Fixed purpose, de- cision ; resolution. De-ter-mi-na-tive (de-ter'me^na- tlv), a. Directing to a certain end. DET DEV n6r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— Ml— pS&nd— thin, THis. DEW De-ter-mine (de-ter'mln), v. t. To fix, settle; to adjust; to limit; to resolve; to decide. [279.] [83-3.] De-ter'min^ing, p. prs. De-ter'min x er, n. One who de- termines. *De-ter-sive (de-ter'siv), a. Hav- ing power to cleanse ; detergent. De-test', v. t. To hate, loathe, abhor, abominate. *De-test-a-ble (d^-te'st'a^bl), a. Hateful, abhorred. [261-16.] De-test-a-bly (de-tSst'a^ble), ad. Hatefully, abominably. DET-ES-TA-TiON^det-e^-ta'shun),?!. Hatred, abhorrence. De-throne (de-^rone'), v. t. To divest of regality ; to drive from the throne. De-thro'ning, p. prs. D E-THR0NE-MENT(d&-£Ar6ne'me ! nt), n. Act of dethroning; removal from the throne, f *Det-i-nue (det'e nu or de-tin'u), n. A writ to recover goods un- lawfully detained. Detonate, v. t. To cause to ex- plode : — v. i. t to explode. Det'o v na-ting, p. prs. Det-o-na-tion (diWna-shun), n. An explosion with noise. DE-TdRT 7 , v. t. To wrest from the original import. De-tract (de-trakt'), v. t. To derogate ; to take away by envy or calumny; to defame, (ap. p. — from.) De-trac-tion (d&-trak'shun), n. Scandal, defamation. *De-tract-or (de-trakt'ur), n. One who detracts; a detainer. [280-3.] De-tract-or-y (de^trakt'urV^), a. Defamatory, derogatory. Det-ri-ment (deYre^ment), n. Loss, damage, injury. [221-19.] *Det-ri-ment-al (M^t-re-mgnf- al), a. Mischievous, harmful, injurious, hurtful. De-trude (de-tr66d'), v. t. To thrust down. De-tru'ding, p. prs. *De-trun-cate (de-trung r v. t. To lop, shorten ; to cut off. De-TRUn'c ACTING, p. prs. Det-run-ca-tion (Me't-ru.ng-ka'- shiin), n. The act of lopping off. De-tru-sion (de-tr66'zhun), n. The act of thrusting down. ^Deuce (duse), n. Two; a card or die with two spots. Deuce ) (duse), n. An evil spirit ; Deuse j a cant name for the devil. *Deu-ter-og-a-my ( N du-ter-6g r a- N me), n. A second marriage. *Deu-ter-on-o-my ( N du-t^r-6n'6- v me), n. The second law; the fifth book of Moses. De-vas-tate (d£-vas'tate or dev ; asHate), v. t. To lay waste ; to plunder ; to ravage, destroy, De-vas'ta^ting, p. prs. Dev-ast-a-tion (MeV-ast-a'shun), n. Waste; havoc, desolation. *De-vel-op (de-veTup), v. t. To unfold ; to uncover ; to lay open to view ; to disclose ; to unravel [149-1.] De-vel'op x ing, p. prs. *DE-VEL-op-MENT(de-vel'up v ment) ii. An unfolding; an unravel- ling; a disclosure. [350-16.] De-vex-i-ty (de-ve : ks'e v t£), n. In curvation; declivity. *De-vi-ate (de've x ate), v. i. To wander; to go astray; to err. (ap. p.— from.) [248-9.] De'vi v a-ting, p. prs. De-vi-a-tion (Me-v&-a'shun), n, The act of turning from the right way ; error, sin ; variation. De-vice (de-vise'), n. A con- trivance ; a design ; an emblem. Dev-il (deVvl), n. A fallen angel; the Evil Spirit; a printer's er- rand-boy. Dev-il-ish (deVvrish), a. Parta- king of the qualities of the devil. De-vi-ous (de've v us), a. Out of the common track ; roving ; erring. De-vise (de-vize'), v. t. To con- trive; to invent; to bequeath [382] : — v. i. 9 to consider ; to form a scheme : — n., a gift or bequest by will. De-vi'sing, p. prs. DE-vi-SER(de-vi / zur),n.Acontriver. De-vi-sor (de-vi'zur), n. One who bequeaths or wills. De-void', a. Empty ; vacant ; free from. [126.] *De-voir (de-vw6r'), n. Service; act of civility or respect. De-volve (de-v61v'), v. t. To roll down ; to transfer : — v. i., to be transferred, (ap. p. — on, upon.) [32-20.] De-volv'ing, p. prs. De-v6te', v. t. To dedicate; to addict; to doom; to consecrate; to consign, (ap. p. — to.) [54-6.] De-vo'ting, p. prs. De-v6'ted x ness, n. The state of being devoted or dedicated. -^Dev-6-tee', n. One given wholly up to religion ; a bigot. De-vo-tion (de-v6 / shun), n. Acts of religion; piety; prayer; act of reverence or ceremony; strong affection ; ardor ; attachment. [25-11.] [164-1.] De-vo-tion-al (de^v6'shiWal), a. Pertaining to devotion. De-v6ur', v. t. To eat up raven- ously ; to consume. De-v6ut', a. Pious, religious, sol- emn. [32-1.] [298-18.] De-vout-ly (de^-vMt'le), ad. Pi- ously, religiously, with devotion. De-v6ut'ness, ii. Devotion, piety. Dew (du), n. Moisture deposited from the air during the night : — v. t., to wet with dew ; to moisten. *Dew-Drop (du'dr6p), n. A drop of dew. Dew-lap (du'lap), n. The flesh that hangs from the throat of an ox. 147 DIA DIA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m&ve, DID Dew-Point (du'pdlnt), n. The highest temperature at which dew is deposited. *Dew-y (du'e), a. Resembling dew ; moist with dew. Dex-ter (deks'tur), a. The right : — opposed to LEFT. *#Dex-ter-i-ty (d^ks-teVeH^), n. Activity ; adroitness ; readi- ness ; skill. [83.] Dex-ter-ous (d£ks'teVus), a. Ex- pert, ready, active. [376.] *Dex-ter-otjs-ly (deks'teVus-le), ad. Expertly, skilfully. [368-13.] Dey (da), n. A title formerly given to the Governor of Algiers. Di-a-bol-ic (Mi-a-bol'ik), } Di-a-bol-i-cal (Ml-a-bSl'e'kal), J a. Devilish ; atrocious ; impious. Di-ac-o-nal (di-ak'6 x nal), a. Per- taining to a deacon. *Di-a-cou-stics (Mi-a-k6u'stlks), n. pi. The science of refracted sounds ; diaphonics. DI^dem, n. An ensign or mark, of royalty ; the crown. Di-jsr-e-sis ) (dl-er'e\sis), n. The *Di-er-e-sis } mark [ •• ] placed over one of two vowels, to show that they belong to different syl- lables; as, a'er. Di-^r'e^ses, ) j *Di-erVses, J n ' pL \D1-ag-n6's1s, n. Discrimination of diseases from symptoms. *Di-Ag-nos-tic (Ml-ag-n6s'tik), a. Distinguishing, discriminating. Di-AG'6 X NAL, a. Reaching from one angle to another : — n., a line drawn from angle to angle. #Di-ag-o-nal-ly (dl-ag'6 x nal-le), ad. In a diagonal direction. D1'a n gram, n. A mathematical scheme ; a sketch or outline. DI'al, n. A plate marked and placed so that the sun's shadow shows the hour. [182-25.] Di-a-lect (di'a^kt), n. A variety in the expression of a language ; a style, speech, idiom. [238-6.] 148 Di-a-lec-tic (Ml-a-leVtlk), Di-a-lec-tic-al (Ml-a-lek'tik x al) : a. Pertaining to dialects or dialectics ; logical. *Di-a-lec-ti-cian ( x dl-a-lek-tlsh r - un), n. A logician. Di-a-lec-tics (Ml-a-leVtiks), n. pi Logic ; the art of reasoning. ^DI'alIng, n. The art of making dials. *Di r AL x iST, n. A maker of dials. Di-a-logue (di'a x 16g), n. A con- versation between two or more.f *Di-am-e-ter (di-am'eHur), n. A right line which, passing through the centre of a circle or other curvilinear figure, divides it into equal parts. [79.] Di-a-met-ri-cal (Ml-a-metWkal), a. Describing a diameter; in the direction of a diameter; direct. *Di-a-met-ri-cal-ly (Mi-a-mef- re'kal-le), ad. In a diametrical direction; directly. *Di-a-mond (drTmund or di'- mund), n. The hardest and the most valuable of gems ; a kind of printing type ; a rhombus : — a., composed of, or resembling, diamonds. *Di-a-pa-son (Ml-a-pa'zon), n. An octave ; a scale ; a chord. *Di-a-pha-ne-i-ty (Ml-a-fa-ne'e 5 - He), n. Transparency, trans- lucency. Di-a-phan-ic (Mi-a-fan'lk), ) *Di-aph-a-nous (dl-af a^nus), J Transparent, clear. Di-a-phon-ics (Mi-a-f6n'lks), n. The science of transmitted sounds ; diacoustics. *Di-a-phragm (di'a v fram), n. The midriff, a muscle which divides the cavity of the chest from that of the abdomen. ^DrTRisT, n. One who keeps a diary. Di-ar-rh(e-a, ) (Ml-ar-re'a), n. A *Di-ar-rhe-a, J purging ; a flux. *Di-a-ry (diTre), n. A daily ac- count of events ; a journal. *DrVRiES, n. pi. -^DI-asWle, n. A figure in rhetoric, by which a short syl- lable is made long; the dilata- tion of the heart. *Di-ath-e-sis (di-a^'e^sis), n. State of the body. *Di-a-tribe (diatribe, di-at'rlMie, or dl'a N tri-be), n. A disputa- tion ; a continued discourse. Dib-ble (dlb'bl),w. A small spade. Dice, n. pi. of die (for gaming). Dic-tate (dik'tate), v. t. To de- liver to another with authority ; to order ; to tell what to say or write; to prompt (ap. p. — to) [149-18]: — n., a command: an order; a rule. [87-12.] [247-12.] DlC r TA N TING, p. prs. Dic-ta-tion (dik-ta'shun), n. The act of dictating ; precept. *Dic-ta-tor (dik-ta'tur), n. One who dictates ; one invested with absolute authority; a magistrate of ancient Rome. *Dic-ta-to-ri-al (MIk-ta-t6're'al), a. Authoritative, dogmatical. Dic-ta-tor-ship (dlk-ta'turNshlp), n. The office of a dictator. *Dic-ta-to-ry (dik-ta'tur v re), a. Overbearing, dogmatical. Dic-tion (dik'shun), n. Style, lan- guage, expression. [254-21.] Dic-tion-a-ry (dlk'shun x a-re), n. A book in which the words of a language are alphabetically ar- ranged and explained; a vocab- ulary, lexicon. *Dic'tion v a-ries, n. pi. Dic-tum (dlk'tum), n. An authori- tative assertion. Dic'ta, n. pi. Did, pst. t. of do : — see do. Di-dac-tic (de-dak'tik), [ *Di-dac-ti-cal (de-dak'te x kal), j a. Preceptive, giving precepts.f Di-dac-tics ( de-dak' tiks or dl-dak'- tlks), n. pL The art of teaching. DIF DIG n3r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound — thin, THis. DIG DlDST, p*t. t. 2, of DO. Die (dl), v. i. To lose life, ex- pire; to perish; to pass away. (aj). p. — of a disease; by sword or famine ; for p> ersons or prin- ciples ; from violence; out (in passing away). *Dy'ing, p.prs. See dying. *Di-ed (dide), p. prf. Die (di), n. A small cube with marked faces (used in gaming) : a stamp (used in coining). *Dies (for coining),! , *Dice (for gaming), J ' ■? ' Di'fiT, n. Food; prescribed food ; regimen ; an assembly of princes : — v. t., to supply with food : — v. i., to eat according to pre- scribed rules. *Di-et-a-ry (di'eTa-re), a. Per- taining to diet or its rules : — n., a system of diet. Di-e-tet-ic (Ml-^-tSt'lk), a. Per- taining to diet or dietetics. Di-e-tet-ics (Mi-e-tet'iks), n. pi. The regulation of diet. Dif-fer (dif fur), v. i. To be un- like; to disagree; to vary. («£>. p. — with a person in opinion; from persons or things in quality.) *Dif-fer-ence (dif fiir x ense), n. State of being unlike or distinct ; controversj', dispute, debate ; distinction, diversity. Dif-fer-ent (dif fur x ent), a. Dis- tinct; unlike, dissimilar, (ap. p. — from.) *DlF-FER-EN-TIAL (Mlf-fur-eV- shal), a. Infinitely small ; re- lating to differences. DiF-FER-ENT-LY(dlffur^nt-le),ac?. In a different manner. Dif-fi-cult (dif fe v kult), a. Hard to be done or pleased ; trouble- some; arduous; rigid. Dif-fi-cult-ly (dif fe N kult-le), ad. Hardly ; with difficulty. Dif-fi-cul-ty (diffe N kul-t6), n. Hardness to be done ; that which is hard to be done ; distress ; ob- stacle ; embarrassment ; per- plexity; objection, (ap. p. — in.) Dif'fi x cul-ties, n. pi. -Dif-fi-dence (diffeMense), n. Distrust, want of confidence; modest reserve ; timidity. [216.] Dif-fi-dent (dif feM^nt), a. Not confident, distrustful, bashful. Dif-fi-dent-ly (dif feMSnt-l^), ad. With distrust. DIf'flu^ent, a. Flowing every way. DiF'FdRir, a. Irregular, unlike : — opposed to UNIFORM. *Dif-form-i-ty (dif-fdrm'eHe), n. Diversity of form, irregularity. Dif-form'i v ties, n. pi. *D!f-fuse', a. Scattered; widely spread ; copious ; verbose : — op- posed to concise. f *Dif-fuse (dif-fuze'), v. t. To pour out ; to spread abroad ; to scatter. [95-16.] [180-10.] Dif-fu'sing, p. prs. Dif-fu-sed-ness (dif-fu'ze^n&s), n. The state of being diffused; dispersion. Dif-fuse-ly (dif-fuse'le), ad. Co- piously, extensively, widely. Dif-fuse'ness, n. The state of being diffuse ; copiousness. Dif-fu-sion (dif-fu'zhun), n. Dis- persion ; a spreading. [335-4.] *Dif-ftj-sive (dif-fu'siv), a. Dis- persed, extended. [350-2.] Dif-fu-sive-ly (dif-fu'siv v le), ad. Widely, extensively. Dif-fu-sive-ness (dif-fu'siv x nes), n. Extension, dispersion. Dig, v. t. [dug or digged — dug or digged.] To pierce with a spade ; to excavate ; to turn up with a spade; to pierce with a sharp point: — v. i., to work with a spade ; to work in search of. *Dig'ging, p. prs. See digging. Dig-ged (digd), p. prf. Di-gest (di'jdst), n. The pandect of the civil law; a system or code of laws. IS* Di-gest (de-j£sf), v. t. To dissolve in the stomach ; to reduce to any plan or scheme ; to distribute ; to arrange methodically, dispose. *Di-gest-er (de-jest'iir), n. One who digests ; a strong vessel for dissolving bones, &c. *Di-gest-i-bil-i-ty (de N jest-e-b!l'- eHe), n. Capacity of being di- gested. *Di-gest-i-ble (de-jlst'e^bl), a. Capable of being digested. Di-ges-tion (de-jeVtshun), n. The act of dissolving food in the stomach ; in Chemistry, the sub- jection of substances to con- tinued heat; concoction. Di-gest-ive (de-je'stlv), a. Having the power to cause digestion. *Dig-ger (dig'gur), n. One who opens the ground with a spade. DIg'ging, n. The act of digging. *Dig'gings, n. pi. The places in which gold is dug. *Dig-it (dij'it), n. Three-fourths of an inch ; the twelfth part of the diameter of the sun or moon; any integer less than ten. Dig-i-tate (dij'e N tate), ) Dig-i-ta-ted (dij'e v ta-ted), j a ' Branched out into divisions like fingers. Dig-ni-fy (dig'neYl), v. t. [prs. t, 3, dignifies.] To advance; to prefer, exalt ; to invest with honor. *Dig-ni-fi-ed (dig' n& fide), p. prf .: — a., invested with some dig- nity; august, stately. *Dig-ni-ta-ry (dig / neHa-r^), n. A clergyman of superior rank. [128-33.] Dig'ni x ta-ries, n. pi. Dig-ni-ty (dig'ne x te), n. Eleva- tion of character or conduct ; high rank; true honor; grandeur. [52-2.] [243-2.] Di-graph (di'graf), n. A union of two vowels or two consonants, one only being sounded; as, ea in reap ; gh in ghost. 149 DIL DIM Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, move, DIO Di-gress (de-greV), v. 4 [prs. t. 3, digresses.] To turn from the main subject; to wander. [351-16.] *Di-gres-sion (d£-gresh'un), n. A deviation from the main subject. Di-gres-sive (de-gres'slv), a. Turning aside ; deviating. *D1ke, n. A channel to receive water ; a mound. Di-la-cer-a-tion (de^las-ser-a'- shun),n. The act of rending in two. #Di-lap-i-da-tion (de^lap-e-da'- shun), n. Ruin, waste, decay. Di-lap-i-da-ted (d6-lap'e v da-tld), a. Gone to ruin. [93-27.] *Di-la-ta-bil-i-ty (de N la-ta-bil'- leHe), n. The quality of admit- ting extension. Di-la-ta-ble (de-la'ta r bl), a. Ca- pable of extension. Dil-a-ta-tion (\lll-la-ta'shu.n), n. The act of extending; the state of being extended. Di-late (deflate'), v. t. To extend, spread out j to dwell at length : — v. i., to swell out; to speak at great length. [95-14.] [299-25.] Di-la'ting, p. prs. Di-la-tor (de-la'tur), n. That which widens. Dil-a-tor-i-ness (dirTtur-r&Ws), n. Slowness, sluggishness. *Dil-A-tor-y (dil'aHur-re\), a. Tardy, slow. [246-9.] DI-lem'ma, n. A difficult or doubt- ful choice ; a perplexed state of mind ; an argument conclusive on either of two contrary suppo- sitions. [100-31.] ^VDIl-et-tan'te, n. A lover of the fine arts. ^Dil-et-tan'ti, n. pi. *Dil-i-gence (dll'e^nse), n. In dustry, assiduity. [240-18.] Dil-i-gent (dil'e^nt), a. Con stant in application ; assiduous industrious. Dil-i-gent-ly (dil'e^jent-lS), ad. With assiduity and perseverance. 150 *Di-lu-cid (de-lu'sld), a. Clear. DIi/tVent, n. That which thins other matter: — a. y making thin or weak, as liquors. Di-lute (de-lute'), v. t. To make thin ; to make weak : — a., weak- ened; attenuated, thin, diluted. Di-lu'ting, p. prs. Di-ltj-tion (de-lu'shun), n. The act of making any thing thin or weak. Di-lu-vi-al (de-hVve'al), ) Di-lu-vi-an (de-lu've^an), J a ' Relating to the Deluge. Di-lu-vi-um (d^-lu'vMm), n. A deluge ; a deposit of soil, gravel, &e. made by a deluge or ancient flow of water. DIM, a. [DIMMER — DIMMEST.] Not having a quick sight; obscure: — v. t., to cloud; to darken; to obscure. *Dim'ming, p. prs, * Dim'med, p. prf. Dime, n. A silver coin of the United States, of the value of ten cents. Di-MEN-siON(de-meVshun),rc. Ca- pacity, bulk, extent. [56-19.] Di-min-ish (de-mln'ish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, diminishes.] To make less; to impair : — v. i., to grow less ; to decrease, (ap. p. — from.) Dim-i-nu-tion (Mim-e-nu/shun), n. The act of making less the state of growing less. (ap. p.— of.) Di-min-u-tive (de-min'uHiv), Small, little [183-20] :—n., thing little of the kind ; a word formed to express littleness ; as, streamlet. Di-min-u-tive-ly (d&-m!n'uHiv- 1&), ad. In a diminutive manner. *Dim-is-sor-y (dim'ls^sur-rd), a. Dismissing to another ecclesias- tical jurisdiction. *Dim-i-ty (dim'eHe), n. A fine fustian, or cloth of cotton. DimVties, n. pi. Dim-ly (dim'le), ad. Faintly, obscurely. DIm'ness, n. Dulness of sight ; faintness, obscurity. Dim-ple (dlm'pl), n. A cavity or depression in the cheek or chin : — v. %., to sink in small cavities. Dim'pling, p. prs. Dim'pled, p. prf. : — a., set with dimples. DIn, n. A loud noise; a violent and continued sound : — v. t., to stun with noise. Din'ning, p. prs. " Din-ned (dind), p. prf. DIne, v. i. To eat a dinner : — v. t. t to give a dinner to ; to feed. Di'ning, p. prs. D!ng, v. t. To dash with violence; to urge : — v. i., to bluster. ^Din-gi-ness (din'je^nes), n. The quality of being dingy. Din-gle (ding'gl), n. A hollow between hills. [107-22.] *Din-gy (din'je), a. Dark, dun, soiled, dirty. DiN-NER(din'nur),n. The chief meal of the day (eaten about noon). DInt, n. A blow; a stroke; force, power: — v. t., to indent. *Di-o-ce-san (dl-6s'se x san or Ml- 6-se'san), n. A bishop as he stands related to his own clergy: — a., pertaining to a diocese. *Di-o-cese (dieses), n. The cir- cuit of a bishop's jurisdiction :— sometimes written diocess. Di-op-tric (di-6p'trik), 1 Di-op-tri-cal (di-6p'tre'kal), J a Pertaining to dioptrics. -Di-op-trics (di-6p r triks), n. pi. That part of optics which treats of the refraction of light. *Di-o-ra-ma (Ml-6-ra'nia or Mi-6- ra'ma), n. An optical machine for producing striking effects of light and color; a building for scenic exhibitions. Di-o-ram-ic (Mi-6-ram'Ik), a. Re- lating to a diorama. DIR n5r, n&t- DIS -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. DIS Dip, v. t. To immerge, put into any liquor ; to moisten, to wet : — v. i., to sink; to enter into slightly : — »., inclination down ward ; the angle made with the plane of the horizon. *Dip'pixg, p. prs. Dip-ped (dipt), p. prf. *Diph-thosg (dif'thtng or dip' thong), n. A union of two vow els in one sound. Diph-thong-al (dlf'fA&ng^gal or d\n'th6ng y g&l), a. Relating to a diphthong. *Di-plo-ma (dl-pl6'ma), n. A letter or writing conferring some privilege. *Di-plo-:ma-cy (dl-pl6'ma x se), n. The art of making treaties with foreign states ; a privileged state ; a diplomatic body. Di-PLO-irA-TiST (dl-pWmaHlst), \ Dip-lo-mat (dipWmat), J n. One versed in diplomacy. [250-6.] Dip-lo-mat-ic (Mlp-16-mat'ik), a. Relating to diplomacy, f Dip-per (dlp'pur), n. One who dips ; a ladle. Di-RA-Di-A-Tiox(Mi-ra-de-a'shun), n. Diffusion of rays from a luminous body. DiRE, a. Dreadful ; horrible ; dismal. Di-RECT (d£-rekt')> «• Straight ; open ; plain : — v. t., to aim in a straight line; to point against; to regulate; to prescribe; to command. Di-rec-tion (de-rek'shun), n. Aim at a certain point ; order ; ten- dency; course; superscription. Di-rect-ive (de-rekt'iv), a. Hav- ing the power of direction; in- forming. Di-rect-ly (de-rekt'le), ad. In a straight line ; immediately; ap- parently. Di-rect-ness (de-re'kt'nes), n. Straightness ; shortness of way. *Di-rect-or (de-rekt'iir), n. One who has authority over others ; a superintendent; an instructor; an instrument in surgery. *Di-rect-or-y (de-rekt'iirVe), n. A book of directions : — a., com manding, guiding. Di-rect'or x ies, n. pi. *Di-rect-ress (de-r^kt'res), n. A female who directs. Di-rect'ress x es, n. pi. DiRE'FTJL, a. Dire, dreadful. DiRE r NESS, n. Horror, dismalness. *Dirge (diirje), n. A mournful or funeral song. [18-8.] Dirk (durk), n. A kind of dag ger : — v. t., to stab with a dirk. Dirt (durt), n. Mud, filth, mire : — v. t., to make foul ; to bedaub. *Dirt-i-ly (diirt'e'le), ad. Nas- tily; meanly, sordidly; filthily. Dirt-i-ness (durt'eWs), n. Nas- tiness, filthiness ; meanness baseness. Dirt-y (durt'e), a. [dirtier- dirtiest.] Foul, nasty, filthy; mean : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, dirties], to foul, to soil ; to disgrace. Dirt-i-ed (durt'id), p. prf. Dis-A-bil-i-ty (Mis-a-bll'le^te), n. Want of power; weakness; in- ability ; legal impediment. * x Dis-a-bil'i n ties, n. pi. Dis-a-ble (diz-a'bl), v. t. To de- prive of force, usefulness, or effi- cacy ; to weaken. Dis-a'bling, p. prs. Dis-a-bled (diz-a'bld), p. prf. (ap. p. — from.) Dis-a-buse ('dls-a-buze'), v. t. To set right ; to undeceive. '^DlS-A-BTj'siNG, p. prs. Dis-ac-com-mo-da-tion (Mis-ak- k&m-m6-da'shun), n. State of being unfit or inconvenient. Dis-ad-van-tage ( x dls-ad-van'- taje), n. Loss, injury; an unfa- vorable state or condition. *DlS-AD-VAN-TA-GEOUS (dls^ad- van-ta'jus), a. Contrary to in- terest or convenience; hurtful; injurious. DlS-AD-VAN-TA-GEOTJS-LY (dls^ad- van-ta'jusle), ad. With disad- vantage. DlS-AD-VAN-TA-GEOUS-NESS (dis- ^ad-van-ta'j usee's), n. Inconve- nience; loss. Dis-af-fect (Mls-af-fSktf), v. t. To fill with discontent ; to alienate. x Dis-AF-fect'ed, p. prf. : — a., un- friendly; alienated. DlS-AF-FECT-ED-LY (Mls-af-f^kf- edle), ad. In a disaffected man- ner; discontentedly. DlS-AF-FECT-ED-NESS(Mls-af-fekt'- ed N n§s), n. The quality of being disaffected ; discontent. *Dis-af-fec-tion (Mls-af-feV- shun), n. Want of zeal or affection ; dislike. Dis-af-firm (Mis-af-ferm 1 ), v. t. To contradict; to deny. *Dis-af-firm-ance (Mis-af-fe'rm'- anse), n. Confutation, negation. ^Dis-l-GREi/, v. i. To differ in opinion; to dissent; to quarrel. {ap. p. — with a person, to a proposal.) * n Dis-a-gree'ing, p. prs. -^Dis-A-greed', p. prf. Dis-a-gree-a-ble (Mis-a-gree'a- N bl), a. Unpleasant, offensive. (ap. p. — to.) Dis-a-gree-a-ble-ness (Mls-a- gree'a N bl-nes),n. Unpleasantness. Dis-a-gree-a-bly (Mis-a-gree'a- N bl£), ad. Unpleasantly. n Dis-a-gree'ment, n. Difference, dissimilitude ; contrariety of opinion ; discord, variance. Dis-al-low (Mis-al-lM'), v. t. or v. i. To refuse, to deny; to reject. Dis-al-low-a-ble (Mis-al-lou'a- v bl), a. Not allowable. Dis-al-low-ance ( v dis-al-16u'- anse), n. Prohibition ; refusal. Dis-an-i-mate (dls-an'e'mate), v. t. To deprive of life; to discourage. Dis-an Vma-ting, p. prs. 151 DIS DIS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, in£t — pine, pin — n6, mSve, DIS ^Dis-an-nul', v. t. See annul. Dis-ap-pear (Mls-ap-peer'), v. i. To be lost to view, vanish. *Dis-ap-pear-ance (Mis-ap-peer / - anse), n. Withdrawal from sight. v Dis-AP-pdiNT', v. t. To defeat of expectation ; to balk, to frustrate. \Dis-AP-point'ed, p. prf. (ap. p. — of a thing not obtained, in a thing obtained.) ^Dis-AP-pdiNT'MENT, n. Defeat of hopes, failure of expectation. [146-29.] [32-37.] [295.] Dis-ap-pro-ba-tion (dis'&p-pr6- ba'shun), n. Censure, condem- nation. -Dis-ap-prove (Mis-ap-pr5&v'). v. t. To dislike; to censure. (ap. p. — of.) ^DlS-AP-PROv'lNG, p. prs. Dis-AP-PRO-viNG-LY(Mls-ap-pr66'- ving^le), ad. By disapprobation. Dis-arm (dlz-arm'), v. t. To di- vest of arms or power. Dis-ar-range (Mis-ar-ranje'), v. t. To put out of order; to de- range. *'Dis-ar-ran'ging, p. prs. Dis-AR-RANGE-MENT^dls-ar-ranje'- ni£nt), n. Disorder, derangement. *Dis-ar-ray (Mis-ar-ra'), n - dis- order, confusion : — v. t., to over- throw ; to undress. *Dis-as-ter (diz-as'tur), n. Mis- fortune, grief, calamity. *Dis-as-trous (diz-as'trus), a. Unlucky, calamitous. [64.] f Dis-as-trous-ly (diz-as'trus N le), ad. Unfortunately, calamitously. *Dis-a-vouch (Mis-a-vMtsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, DISAVOUCHES.] To retract, disown. Dis-a-vow (Mls-a-v6u'), v. t. To disown ; to deny knowledge of. *Dis-a-vow-al (Mis-a-vM'al), n. Denial; a disowning. Dis-band (diz-band'), v. t. To dis- miss from military service : — v. i., to retire; to separate; to break up, 152 (Mis-be-leef), n. credit ; positive *Dis-be-lief Refusal of rejection. -Dis-be-lieve (Mls-be-leev'), v. t. Not to credit; to discredit, ^DlS-BE-LIEV'lNG, p. prs. Dis-be-liev-er (Mls-be-leev'ur), n. An infidel; one who refuses belief. Dis-bur-den (diz-bur'dn), v. t. To unload; to disencumber: — v. i., to ease the mind. Dis-burse (diz-burse / ), v. t. To spend or lay out money. Dis-bur'sing, p. prs. ''Dis-BURSE-MENT(diz-burse'ment) n. A disbursing or laying out; expenditure. Disc. See Disk. Dis-card (dis-kard'), v. t. To cast off; to discharge or reject, [357-20.] *Dis-cern (diz-zern'), v. t. To see ; to perceive ; to judge ; to distinguish : — v. i.> to make dis- tinction. Dis-cern'ing, p. prs. : — a,, know- ing, judicious. ic "Dis-CERN-i-BLE (diz-zeWe N bl), a. Discoverable, perceptible. Dis-cern-ment (dlz-zern'mSnt), n. Penetration; sagacity; discrim- ination; judgment. [222.] *Dis-cerp-ti-ble (dis-serp'te v bl), a. Frangible; separable. *Dis-cerp-tion (dls-sdrp'shun), n. The act of pulling to pieces. Dis-charge (dis-tsharje'), v. t. To disburden; to fire; to clear a debt; to absolve; to perform; to obliterate; to dismiss; to re- lease : — v. i., to break up : — n., vent, explosion, emission ; dis- mission ; performance ; ransom ; payment; exemption; release. [384-4.] Dis-char'ging, p. prs. Dis-char-ger ^dis-tshar'jur), n. One who discharges. *Dis-ci-ple (dis-sl'pl), n. A scholar ; a follower [65-30] : — v. t. f to train ; to convert. Dis-ci-ple-ship (dis-si'pl N ship), n. The state of a disciple. Dis-ci-plin-a-ble (Mis-se-plin'a- N bl), a. Capable of discipline. *Dis-ci-plin-a-ri-an ( x dis-se-plin- a're^an), n. One who rules or teaches with system a,nd strict- ness : — a., relating to discipline. *Dis-ci-pline (dis'se^plm), n. Edu- cation ; rule, order ; chastise- ment ; military regulation ; gov- ernment [32-21] [359-18]:— v. t., to educate, instruct; to correct; to punish ; to reform. [334.] Dis'ci x plin-ing, p. prs. Dis-claim (dis-klame'), v. t. To disown, deny; to renounce. Dis-claim-er (dis-klame'ur), n. One who disclaims; an express or implied denial. *Dis-close (dis-kl6ze'), v. t. To uncover ; to reveal ; to divulge ; to tell. [83-36.] [292-12.] DlS-CLO'SING, p. prs. *Dis-clo-sure (dis-klo'zhur), n. Discovery ; act of revealing. Dis-coid (dls-k6id r ), ) Dis-coid-al (dis-k6id'al), j a * Having the form of a disk or discus. *Dis-col-o-ra-tion (dis^l-d-ra'- shun), n. The act of changing the color; change of color, stain. Dis-col-or (dis-kurTur), v. t. To change from the natural hue; to stain; to tinge. [215-26.] Dis-com-fit (dis-kum'fit), v. t. To defeat, vanquish : — n. f defeat, overthrow, discomfiture. Dis-com-fit-ure (dis-kum'fit x yur), Defeat, rout, overthrow. Dis-com-fort (dis-kum'furt), n. Uneasiness, melancholy: — v. L, to grieve; to make uneasy. Dis-com-mend (Mis-k6m-m3nd')> v. t. To blame; to censure. DlS-COM-MEND-A-BLE (dlS-k6m'- mend'a-bl), a. Blamable. DIS DIS ndr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, thIs. DIS Dis-com-mode (Mls-k6m-m6de'), v. t. To put to inconvenience ; to molest; to incommode. \Dis-com-mo'ding, p. prs. Dis-com-mo-di-ous (Mis-k6m-m6'- de^us), a. Inconvenient. Dis-com-pose ( x dis-k6m-p6ze0, v. t. To disturb the feelings of; to agitate ; to ruffle. [303-11.] x DlS-COM-PO'SING, p. prs. *Dis-com-po-sure ( x dls-k6m-p6'- zhur), n. Disorder, perturbation. Dis-con-cert (Mis-kSn-serf), v. t. To unsettle, defeat, frustrate. Dis-coN-FORM-i-TY(Mis-k&n-fdrnr / - e v te), n. Want of agreement. *Dis-C0N-GRU-i-TY(Mls-k6n-gru'e- He), n. Disagreement, incon- sistency. VDis-con-gruVties, n. pi. Dis-con-nect (Mis-kon-nekf), v. t. To separate ; to disunite. *Dis-con-nec-tion (Mls-kon-neV- shun), n. Separation, disunion. *Dis-con-so-late (dis-kSn's^llt), a. Comfortless ; hopeless ; sad, melancholy. Dis-con-so-late-ly (dis-k6n's6- ^lit-le), ad. In a disconsolate manner. Dis-con-tent (Mls-k&n-tgnt'), n. Want of contentment; uneasi- ness : — a., uneasy, dissatisfied : — v. t., to dissatisfy. Dis-coN-TENT-ED^dis-k&n-tent'&d), p. prf. : — a., uneasy, dissatisfied. DlS-CON-TENT-ED-LY (Mis-k6n- tentWle), ad. With dissatis- faction ; disaffectedly. DlS-CON-TENT-MENT(Mls-k6n-t^nt r - m^nt), n. The state of being dis- contented; disquietude. *Dis-con-tin-tj-ance (Mis-k6n- tin'u x anse), n. Want of continu- ance; a breaking off; cessation; intermission ; disruption. Dis-con-tin-u-a-tion (Mis-k&n- v tln-u-a'shun), n. Disruption of continuity, separation, discon tinuance. *Dis-con-tin-ue (Mis-kon-tln'u), v. t. To leave off; to interrupt : — v. %., to leave off; to cease. -^Dis-con-tinVing, p. prs. *Dis-con-ti-ntj-i-ty (dls x k6n-te- nu'e x t£), n. Disunity of parts ; want of cohesion ; cessation. Dis-cord (dis'kdrd), n. Disagree ment, difference, dissension, dis sonance, strife. f *Dis-cord-ance (dis-kSrd'anse), j Dis-C0RD-AN-CY(dis-k6rd'an x se), j n. Disagreement, opposition, dissonance, discord. *Dis-cord-Ant (dis-k6rd'ant), a. Inharmonious, inconsistent, dis- sonant, harsh. [144-14.] [348-19/ Dis-cord-ant-ly (dis-k6rd'ant x le) ad. Inconsistently ; in disagree- ment with itself. Dis-count (dis / k6unt), n. A de- duction or allowance for prompt or advanced payment. Dis-count (dis-k6unt'ordis'k6unt), v. t. To count back ; to pay back again ; to deduct. *DlS-COUN-TE-NANCE (dlS-k6un te'nlnse), v. t. To discourage by cold treatment : — »., disfavor ; slight. Dis-coun'te^nan-cing, p. prs. Dis-cour-age (dis-kur'rije), v. t. To depress ; to deter ; to deprive of confidence ; to dissuade, (ap. p. — from.) Dis-cour'a v ging, p. prs. *Dis-cour-age-ment (dis-kur'rije x m£nt), n. The cause of depres sion or fear ; the act of disheart ening. (ap. p. — to.) *Dis-course (dls'k6rse r ), n. Con- versation, mutual intercourse of language ; a treatise ; a sermon [117-19] : — v. i., to converse; to talk ; to reason : — v. t., to utter or give forth. Dis-cour'sing, p. prs. Dis-cour-sive (dis-k6r'slv), a. Reasoning ; conversable. *Dis-cour-te-ous (dis-kur'tsh^us or dis-kur'te x ds), a. Uncivil, rude. *Dis-cour-te-sy (dis-kur'te x se), n. Incivility, rudeness. Dis-cotjr'te x sies, n. pi. *Dis-cous (dis'kus), a. Broad, flat. Dis-cov-er (dis-kuv'ur), v. t. To disclose ,• to bring to light ; to find out; to reveal; to detect. *DlS-COV-ER-A-BLE (dlS-kuv'ui*^- bl), a. Capable of being found out. Dis-cov-er-er (dls-kuv'ur x ur), n. One who discovers. Dis-cov-er-y (dls-kuv'tlrVe), n. Disclosure; the act of finding out; that which is first brought to light. -^Dis-cov'er^es, n. pi. Dis-cred-lt (dis-kred'it), n. Re- proach, disgrace ; want of trust : — v. t, to deprive of credibility ; to disgrace. *Dis-cred-it-a-ble (dis-krM'ifiU bl), a. Reproachful, disgraceful. -Dis-creet (dis-kreef), a. Pru- dent, sober ; modest ; cautious. Dis-creet-ly (dis-kre&t'le), ad. Prudently, cautiously. Dis-creet-ness (dis-kreet'nes), n. Prudence; discretion. Dis-crep-ance (dis-krep'anse or dls'kre^panse), n. Difference, contrariety, disagreement. *Dis-cre-pan-cy (dis-krep'an N se' or dis'kre N pan-se), n. Same as DISCREPANCE. Dis-cre-pant (dis-kreVant or dis'- kre^pant), a. Different; dis- agreeing. *Dis-crete (dls-krete')? «• Dis- tinct; disjunctive; separate. *Dis-cre-tion (dis-kresh'un), ;?. Prudence; liberty of acting at pleasure; wise management. *Dis-cre-tion-a-ry (dls-kresh'- un^-re), a. Left to discretion or choice ; unrestrained ; un- limited. Dis-cre-tive (dls-kre'tiv), a. Sepa- rate, distinct. 153 DIS DIS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, DIS *Dis-CRiM-i-NATE(dis-krim'e v nate) v. t. To mark with notes of difference ; to select : to sepa- rate : — v. i.y to make a distinc- tion ; to distinguish. [322.] Dis-crim'iVa-ting, p. prs. Dis-crim-i-nate-ly (dis-krim'e- x nit-le), ad. Distinctly ; minutely. Dis-CRiM-i-NA-TiON(dis v krim-e-na'- shun), n. The act of distinguish- ing one from another; distinc- tion; discernment. [158-24.] *Dis-crim-i-na-tive (dis-kriui'e- . x na-tiv), a. That which observes distinction ; serving to distin- guish. *Dis-cu-bi-tor-y (dis-ku'beHur- re), a. Fitted to the posture of leaning. *Dis-cuM-BEN-CY(dis-kum'beVse), n. The act of leaning at meat. Dis-cum-ber (dis-kum'bur), v. t. To disengage ; to unburden. Dis-cur-sion (dis-kur'shun), n. A running or rambling about. Dis-ctjr-sive (dis-kur'slv), a. Moving here and there ; roving. *Dis-cur-sor-y (dis-kur'siirVe), a. Argumental ; discursive. *Dis-cus (dis'kus), n. A quoit; a disk. Dis'cus^es, n. pi. **Dis-cuss (dis-kus'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, discusses.] To examine; to debate; to disperse; to scatter. [51-29.] Dis-cus-ser (dis-kus'sur), n. One who discusses. *Dis-cus-sion (dis-kush'un), n. Disquisition; examination; ar- gument, debate. Dis-dain (dlz-dane'), v. t. To scorn, to despise, to contemn [285-17] : — n., scorn, contempt. [66-13.] *Dis-dain-ful (diz-dane'ful), a. Scornful; indignant; haughty. Dis-dain-ful-ly (dlz-dane'fuTle), ad. With haughty scorn. Dis-ease (diz-eeze'), n. Any de- viation from health; disorder; 154 distemper; malady ; sickness : v. t., to afflict with disease; to infect. Dis-eas'ing, p. prs, v Dis~em-bark', v. t. To carry to land; to put on shore: — v. i., to go on land; to quit a ship. Dis-em-bar-ka-tion (Mis-£m-bar- ka'shun), n. A landing or going ashore. v D!s-em-bar'rass, v. t. To free from perplexity ; to extricate ; to liberate. '^DIs-em-bar'rass^ment, n. Lib- eration, extrication. x Dis-EM-BEi/LisH, v. t. To divest of embellishment. Dis-em-bit-ter (Mis-^m-bit'tur), v. t. To free from bitterness. *Dis-em-bod-y (Mis-£ui-b6d'de), V. t. [prs. t. 3, DISEMBODIES.] To divest of body; to discharge from military service. * v Dis-em-bod'i-ed, p. prf. *Dis-em-bogue (Mis-em-bdg')> v. t. To pour out at the mouth, as a river: — v. i., to gain a vent; to flow. ^Dis-em-bo'gtjing, p. prs. Dis-em-bow-el (Mis-em-b6u'el), v.t. To take out the bowels. ^Dis-em-bow'eiAing, 'Dis-em-bow'ei/ling, j i ' prs. N DlS-EM-BOW'EL-ED, j - Dis-em-bow'ell-ed, J "* * J ' x Dis-EM-BR<3ii/, v. t. To free from perplexity. Dis-en-chant (Mls-e^n-tshant'), v. t To free from enchantment. Dis-en-cum-ber (Mis-^n-kum r bur), v. t. To discharge from encum- brance; to disburden ; to free. *DlS-EN-CUM-BRANCE (Mls-£n- kiim'branse), n. Freedom from encumbrance ; deliverance. Dis-en-gage (Mis-^n-gaje'), v. t. To disentangle; to clear from impediments or difficulties ; to extricate, release, (ap.p. — from.) * v Dis-en-ga'ging, p. prs. DlS-EN-GA-GED (MlS-^D-gajd'), jty prf.: — a., at leisure, unoccupied. Dis-en-gage-ment (Mls-Sn-gaje'- ment), n. Release ; vacancy. Dis-en-no-ble (Mis-3n-n6'bl), v. t. To deprive of rank or title. ^DiS-EN-NO'BLING, p. 2^8. *Dis-en-roll (Mis-en-r61e')> v. U To erase from a roll or list. *DlS-EN-THRALL. See DISINTHRALL. Dis-en-tan-gle (Mis-e'n-tang'gl), v. t. To set free from ; to clear ; to unfold; to disengage. * v Dis-en-tan'gling, p. prs. Dis-en-tan-gle-ment (Mls-Sn- tang'grm^nt), n. Disengagement. Dis-en-throne (Mls-e 1 n-^r6ne'), v. t. To dethrone, to depose. n Dis-en-thro'ning, p. prs. -Dis-en-tomb (Mis-e'n-tdom'), v. t. To disinter. *Dis-en-trance (Mis-e'n-transe'), v. t. To awaken from a trance. x Dis-en-tran'cing, p. prs. \Dis-e-steem, n. Disregard : — - v. t., to slight ; to dislike. Dis-fa-vor (dis-fa'vur), n. Dis- countenance; dislike: — v. t., to discountenance ; to oppose. Dis-fig-u-ra-tion (dis N flg-u-ra'- shun), n. The act of disfiguring ; deformity. DIs-fIg'ure, v. t. To deform; to deface ; to maim. Dis-figVring, p. prs. ^•DIs-fIg'ure^ment, n. Deface- ment of beauty ; deformity. *Dis-fran-chise (dis-fran'tshlz), v. t. To deprive of privileges or immunities; to deprive of citi- zenship. Dis-fran'chis^ng, p. prs. *Dis-fran-chise-ment (dis-fran'- tshiz x ni£nt), n. The act of de- priving of privileges. DIs-fur'nish, v. t. [prs. t. 3, dis- furnishes.] To unfurnish ; to strip. DIs-gar'nIsh, v. t. [prs. t. 3, dis- garnishes.]To strip of ornaments. m^^ DIS BIS n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bill — 611- -pound — thin, this. DIS Dis-gorge (dlz-g6rje')> v. t. To discharge by the inouth ; to pour out with violence ; to give up. Dis-gor'ging, p. prs. *Dis-G0RGE-MENT(dis-g6rje'ment) n. Act of disgorging; yield- ing up. Dis-grace (diz-grase'), n. Shame, ignominy, dishonor, disfavor, discredit : — v. t., to dishonor ; to bring to shame. [384-13.] Dis-gra'cing, p. prs. *Dis-grace-ful (diz-grase'f&l), a. Shameful, ignominious, base. Dis-grace-ful-ly (diz-grase'fiil- N le), ad. In disgrace; igno- miniously. Dis-grace-ful-ness (dlz-grase'- fuPnes), n. Shamefulness. Dis-guise (dlz-gize'), v. t. To con- ceal by an unusual dress; to hide ; to disfigure : — n., a dress to conceal; a counterfeit show; mask. [374-3.] f DlS-GUl'siNG, p. prs. *Dis-guise-ment (diz-gize'ment), n. A dress of concealment; false appearance. Dis-guis-er (diz-gize'ur), n. One who puts on a false appearance. Dis-gust (diz-gusf), n. Aversion, dislike; disrelish, nausea: — v. t., to offend; to excite aversion; to give a disrelish. [326-11.] Dis-gust'ed, p. prf. (ap. p. — at, with.) Dis-gtjst-ful (diz-gust'ful), a. Nauseous, disgusting. Dish, n. A vessel in which food is served up at table ; any particular kind of food : — v. t, y to serve in a dish. Dish'es, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. *Dis-ha-bille (Mis-a-bir), n. Un- dress, loose dress : — sometimes spelled deshabille. *Dis-heart-en (dis-har'tn), v, t. To discourage ; to deject. DIsH-iv'EL, v. t. To spread the hair disorderly. prs. Dish-ev'el^ing, *) *Dish-ev'el v ling, J &' Dish-ev'el-ed, j j, *Dish-ev'ell-ed, J P' P r S' Dis-hon-est (diz-6n'est), a. Void of probity or faith ; fraudulent. Dis-hon-est-ly (dlz-6n'3stfl6), ad. Knavishly, fraudulently. *Dis-hon-est-y (diz-6n'^st x e), n. Faithlessness ; want of probity ; treachery; knavery. Dis-hon-or (diz-Sn'mir), n. Re- proach, shame, disgrace, igno- miny : — v. t., to disgrace; to treat with indignity; to refuse acceptance or payment on a draft. -Dis-hon-or-a-ble (diz-on'nur^a- bl), a. Shameful; reproachful. Dis-hon-or-a-bly (diz-6n'nur-a- N bl&), ad. Disgracefully, basely, shamefully. Dis-hu-mor (dis-yu'mur), n. Ill- humor ; peevishness. Dis-in-cli-na-tion (disln-kle-na/- shun), n. Want of inclination; unwillingness. Dis-in-cline (Mis-in-kllne'), v. t. To make averse; to disaffect. ^is-in-cli'ning, p. prs. Dis-in-fect (Mis-in-fekf), v. t. To purify from infection. Dis-in-fect-ant (Mis-in-fekt'ant), n. A substance that prevents or removes infection. Dis-in-fec-tion (Mls-in-fek'shun), n. A cleansing from infection. Dis-iN-GEN-u-ous(Mls-in-jen r u A us) a. Unfair, illiberal; artful. Dis-in-gen-u-ous-ly (Mis-in-jeV- u x us-le), ad. In a disingenuous manner; unfairly; meanly. *Dis-in-gen-u-ous-ness (Mis-in- jen'u'us-n&s), n. Subtlety. *Dis-in-her-it (Mls-ln-heVlt), v. t. To deprive of hereditary right. Dis-in-te-grate (dls-ln'te^grate), v. t. To separate into particles. Dis-in'teVra-ting, p. prs. Dis-iN-TE-GRA-TiON( v dls-in-te'-gra'- shun),?i. Separation into particles. v Dis-iN-TER', v. t. To take out of the grave. [185-14.] ^Dis-in-ter'ring, p. prs. DiS-iN-TER-RED(Mis-in-tercV)/>._pr/l Dis-in-ter-est-ed (dlz-ln'teVest- £d), a. Not moved by private advantage ; unselfish ; impartial. Dis-in-ter-est-ed-ly (dlz-in'ter- est-ed N le), ad. In a disinterested manner; unselfishly. Dis-in-ter-est-ed-ness (diz-in r - teVe'st-edWs), n. Freedom from self-interest ; impartiality. ^Dis-in-ter'ment, n. The act of unburying. *Dis-in-thrall (Mls-ln-^Arawl'), v. t. To rescue from oppres- sion ; to set free. DlS-IN-THRALL-MENT \ (Mis-111- *Dis-in-thral-ment J thrkwV- ment), n. Emancipation from slavery. Dis-join (dis-jdin'), v. t. To sepa- rate; to part from each other; to disunite. Dis-joint (dls-jdint'), v. t. To put out of joint: — v. i., to fall in pieces; to separate. Dis-joint-ly (dis-j6int'le), ad. In a divided state. Dis-junct (dis-jungkf), a. Dis- jointed; separate; disjoined. -Dis-junc-tion (dis-jungk'shun), n. Disunion, separation, parting. Dis-junct-ive (dis-jungkt'iv), a. Separating, disjoining; uniting parts of a discourse in construc- tion, but disjoining the sense: — n., a conjunction which expresses opposition in meaning. Dis-junct-ive-ly (d!s-jungkt'iv- He), ad. Distinctly, separately. Disc j (disk), n. The face of the *Disk J sun or a planet as it ap- pears to the eye; a discus; a quoit. [104-7.] Dis-like (dis-like'), n. Distaste ; aversion; disinclination (ap. p. — to) : — v. t., to disrelish ; to hate. 155 DIS DIS Fate, far, fill, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, DIS Dis-li'king, p. prs. Dis-like-ness (dis-like'nes), n. Dissimilitude, unlikeness. *Dis-limb (dis-lim'), v. U To tear limb from limb. Dis-lo-cate (dis'^kate), v. t. To put out of joint,* to disjoint. Dis'lo^ca-ting, p. prs. Dis-lo-ca-tion (Mis-16-ka'shun), n. The state of being displaced ; a joint put out; luxation. *Dis-lodge (dlz-l6dje')> v. t. To remove from a place. *Dis-lodg'ing, p. prs. Dis-loy-al (dlz-lde'al), o. Not true to allegiance ; faithless. #Dis-loy-al-ly (diz-16e'arie), ad. Not faithfully ,• treacherously. Dis-loy-al-ty (diz-l6e'arte), n. Want of fidelity or allegiance. Dis-mal (diz'mal), o. Unhappy, sorrowful, dreary, gloomy, dire- ful, calamitous. [126-17.] *Dis-mal-ly (dlz'marie), ad. Sor- rowfully, sadly, horribly. *Dis-mal-ness (diz'marn^s), n. Horror,- sorrow, gloominess. Dis-man-tle (dis-man'tl), v. t. To throw off a dress,* to strip* to demolish ; to destroy. Dis-man'tling, p. prs. Dis-mask (dis-mask'), v, t. To divest of a mask * to unmask. Dis-mast', v. t. To deprive of masts. Dis-may (dis-ma'), v. t. To terrify, to affright, to daunt, to appall : — n., loss of courage * fear, ter- ror, fright. *Dis-MAY-ED-NESs(dls-ma'ed y nes), n. Dejection of courage. Dis-mem-ber (diz-nie'ni'bur), v. t. To divide limb from limb; to separate ; to mutilate. Dis-mem-ber-ment (diz-mem'biir- ^me'nt), n. Separation, division • mutilation. [256-1.] [64-15.] Dis-miss (dls-mls'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, dismisses.] To send away* to discard; to discharge. 156 •^Dis-Miss'AL, n. The act of dis- missing ; dismission. *Dis-mis-sion (dls-nilsh'un), n. The act of sending away ; dis- charge, (ap.p. — from.) [243-18.] Dis-mis-sive (dis-mls'siv), a. Causing dismission ; removing. Dis-mount (dlz-mStint'), v. t. To throw or alight from a horse, &c. ; to throw a cannon from its carriage : — v. i, 9 to alight from a horse. *Dis-o-be-di-ence (Mis-6-be'de ^ense), n. Violation of lawful commands ; neglect or refusal to obey. *Dis-o-BE-Di-ENT(Mis-&-be'de x ent) a. Not observant of lawful au- thority ; refusing to obey. *-Dis-o-bey (Mis-6-ba'), v. t. To break commands; to neglect or refuse to obey. Dis-ob-li-ga-tion (dls^b-le-ga' shun), n. Offense; cause of disgust. Dis-o-blige ( r dis-6-blije'), v. t. To offend; to disgust; to displease; to show incivility to. ^Dis-o-bli'ging, p. prs. : — a., dis- gusting, offensive, unaccommo- dating. >!J Dis-ORB-ED(diz-5rbd , ),«. Thrown out of its proper orbit. Dis-or-der (diz-or'dur), n. Irreg- ularity, confusion ; tumult ; dis- temper; disease [296-27] : — v. t., to throw into confusion ; to make sick; to derange; to discompose. Dis-or'der-ed, p. prf.: — a., irreg- ular, loose, diseased. Dis-or-der-ly (dlz-drMur^le), a. Confused, irregular; lawless: — ad., irregularly, confusedly. Dis-or-gan-i-za-tion (dis'or-gan- e-za'shun), n. Act of disorgani- zing; subversion of order; dis- solution, disintegration. DIs-or'gan'ize, v. t. To derange or destroy the functions or organs of a body ; to disintegrate. n. Dis-or'ganVzing, p. prs. Dis-or-gan-i-zer (dis-dr'gan'i- zur), n. One who, or that whieh, disorganizes. Dis-own (dlz-6ne'), v. t. To deny, renounce; to disclaim. *Dis-par-age (dis-par'rij), v. t. To underrate; to decry unduly; to undervalue. Dis-par'a x ging, p. prs. Dis-par-a-ger (dis-par'e^jur), n. One who disparages ; a traducer. Dis-par-age-ment (dis-par'rij- N m^nt), n. Unjust depreciation; detraction ; undervaluation, (op. p.— to.) *Dis-par-i-ty (dis-par'eH£), n. Inequality, difference. [216-11.] DIs-part', v. t. To separate; to divide. Dis-pas-sion (dis-pash'un), Want of passion, apathy. Dis-pas-sion-ate (dis-pash'un r it), o. Cool, calm, temperate. Dis-patch. See despatch. *Dis-pau-per (dls-paw'pur), v. U To deprive a pauper of his claim to support. *Dis-PEi/, v. t. To drive away; to disperse ; to dissipate. [165-3.] *Dis-pel/ling, p. prs. *Dis-pell'ed, p. prf. *Dis-pen-sa-ble (dis-peVsa^bl), o. Unnecessary. *Dis-pen-sa-ry (dis-pen'saVe), n. A place where medical advice and remedies are furnished to the poor. Dis-pen'sa^ries, n. pi. Dis-PEN-SA-TiON(Mis-pSn-sa'shun) n. Administration ; distribu- tion ; method of Providence ; that which Providence allots ; an exemption from an obligation. [128-22.] [264.] *~Dis-pen-sa-tor-y (dis-pen'sa- Hur-re), n. A book in which the composition of medicines is de- scribed ; a pharmacopoeia : — a. t granting dispensation. DIS DIS nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p ind — th'xn, THis. DIS Dis-pen'sa x tor-ies, )l. pi. D!s-pense', v. t. To deal out ; to distribute ; to administer : — dis- pense (with), to do without. Dis-pen'sing, p. prs. *Dis-pen-ser (dis-pen'sur), n. One who dispenses ; a distributer. [182-17.] Dis-peo-ple (dis-pe'pl), v. t. To depopulate. *Dis-peo'pling, p. prs. Dis-perse (dis-perse'), v. t. To scatter,dissipate,dispel. [133-23.] [325-2.] Dis-per'sing, p. prs. Dis-PERS-ED-LY(dis-pers'ed^le),ac?. In a scattered manner. D!s-pers'ed n xess, n. The state of being dispersed or scattered. Dis-pers-er (dis-pers'ur), n. A scatterer; a spreader. *Dis-per-sion (dis-per'shun), n. The act of scattering or spread- ing; the state of being scattered. Dis-per-sive (dis-peVsiv), a. Dis sipating ; tending to scatter. Dis-PiR'tT, v. t. To discourage ; to depress ; to dishearten. Dis-pir'it^ed-ness, n. Want of vigor or spirit. Dis-place (dis-plase')j v. t. To put out of place ; to remove. Dis-pla'cing, p. prs. Dis-place-ment (dis-plase'ment), n. Act of removing from the usual place ; removal from office. *Dis-PLA-CEN-CY(dis-pla/sen N s£),n. Incivility, disobligation. DIs-plInt', v. t. To remove i plant; to drive away a people. Dis-plant-a-tion (Mis-plant-aA shun), n. The removal of i plant; the ejection of a people. Dis-play (dis-pla/), v. t. To ex. hibit; to spread wide ; to show ostentatiously [221-14] : — n., an exhibition ; a show ; a parade. Dis-please (dis-pleez'), v. t. To offend. DlS-PLEAS'lNG, p. pV8. *Dis-pleas-ure (dis-plezh'iir), n. Uneasiness, offense, anger. Dis-pleas'u n ring, p. prs. D!s-plode', v. t. To explode. Dis-plo'ding, p. prs. Dis-plo-sion (d!s-pl6'zhun), n. A sudden burst with loud noise. Dis-p6rt', n. Play, sport : — v. %., to play ; to toy ; to wanton : — v. t., to divert. iJ Dis-POS-A-BLE (dis-p6z r a x bl), a. Free to be used or employed ; appropriable, usable. Dis-pos-al (dis-poz'al), n. The act of disposing; regulation. Dis-pose (dis-p6ze'), v. t. To ar- range, place; to adapt, employ (a.]), p. — for); to incline (ap. p. — to) ; to sell, get rid (ap. p. — (of). [30-19.] [223-6.] DlS-POs'lNG, p. prs. Dis-po-sed (dis-p6zd')> p. prf. (ap. p. — to.) Dis-pos-er (dis-p6z'ur), n. A giver ; a governor. [265-25.] Dis-po-si-tion (Mis-p6-zish / un), Act of disposing; mode of ar- ranging ; order, method; temper of mind; quality; predominant inclination. [135-1.] [282-2.] *Dis-pos-sess (Mis-poz-zeV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, dispossesses.] To put out of possession, deprive, disseize, (ap. p. — of.) *Dis-pos-ses-sion (Mis-p&z-zesh' un), n. Act of dispossessing. Dis-pos-sess-or (Mis-pSz-zes'ur), n. One who dispossesses. *Dis-po-sure (dis-po'zhur), n. Dis- posal ; state ; management. Dis-praise (dis-prazeO, n. Censure, blame : — v. U, to blame, to censure. *Dis-prais'ing, p. prs. *Dis-pr66f', n. Confutation, ref- utation, conviction of error. Dis-pro-por-tion (Mis-pr6-p6re'- shun), n. Unsuitableness ; want of symmetry; disparity[265-14]: — v. t., to join things unsuitable in quantity or form. U DlS-PRO-POR-TION-A-BLE (Mls-pi'd- p6re'shun N a-bl), a. Unsuitable in quantity ; disproportionate. DlS-PRO-POR-TION-A-BLE-NESS( N d!s pr6-pore'shiin v a-bl-nes), n. Un- suitableness, unfitness. *DlS-PRO-POR-TION-A-BLY (Mis- pr6-p6re'shun N a-ble), ad. Un- suitably. Dis-pro-por-tion-al (Mis-pr6- p6re'shun v al), a. Not symmetri- cal; unequal; inadequate. •"DlS-PRO-POR-TION-AL-LY (M!s- prd-pdre'shun x al-le), ad. Unsuit- ably : — same as disproportion- ately. DlS-PRO-POR-TION-ATE (Vlls~pr6- pore'shunlt), a. Unsuitable to something else ; unsymmetrical: — same as disproportional. *DlS-PRO-POR-TION-ATE-LY (Mls- pr6-p6re'shun x it-le), ad. Un- suitably. Dis-prov-a-ble (d!s-pr&6v r a v bl), a. Capable of being refuted. *Dis-prove (dis-pr66v')> v. t. To confute; to refute; to prove to be false. Dis-pro'ving, p. prs. *Dis-pu-ta-ble (dis-pu'ta x bl), a. Liable to contest, controvertible, doubtful. Dis'p^tant, n. A controvertist ; a reasoner [219] : — a., engaged in controversy ; disputing. Dis-PU-TA-TioN(Mis-pu-ta'shun),?*. Controversy, argumentation; de- bate. [303-20.] *Dis-PU-TA-Tious(Mls-pu-ta'shus) a. Inclined to dispute; captious, f *Dis-pu-ta-tive (dis-pu/taHlv), a. Disposed to debate or dispute. Dis-pfrrE', v. i. To contend by argument; to debate (ap. p. — with persons, for principles or prizes) : — v. t., to contend for or against: — n., contest, controver- sy ; disagreement ; altercation ; quarrel, f Dis-pu'ting, p. prs. 157 BIS DIS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, DIS Dis-pu-ter (dis-pu'tur), n. A eon trovertist; one who disputes. DlS-QUAL-I-FI-CA-TION (dls^kw&L le-fe-ka'shiin), n. That which disqualifies; unfitness. Dis-qual-i-fy (dis-kwol'leYl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, DISQUALIFIES.] To make unfit ; to deprive of a right. (ap. p. — for, from.) *Dis-QUAl'iVied, p. prf. *Dis-qui-et (dls-kwl'et), n. Un- easiness, restlessness, anxiety : — v. t. f to disturb ; to make uneasy. Dis-qui-et-ness (dis-kwlWne's), n. Uneasiness, restlessness. *Dis-qui-e-tude (dis-kwi'e v tude), ». Uneasiness, anxiety. [187.] *Dis-qui-si-tion (Mis-kw6-zlsh'- un), n. A formal discourse; treatise ; essay ; discussion. [304-21.] \Dis-re-gard', n. Slight notice; neglect; contempt: — v. t., to neg- lect; to slight, contemn. [158-38.] \Dis-re-gard'ful, a. Negligent; contemptuous. #Dis-rel-ish (dlz-rel'ish), n. Dis- taste ; dislike, aversion : — v. t., to dislike the taste of; not to relish. Dis-rel'isr^es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Dis-rep-tt-ta-ble (dis-rep'uHa-bl) a. Disgraceful, dishonorable. v Dis-re-pute', n. Ill character; dishonor; discredit. Dis-re-spect (Mis-re-spekt')> n. Incivility, rudeness. Dis-re-spect-ful (Mls-r$-sp5kt'- ful), a. Irreverent ; uncivil, rude. DlS-RE-SPECT-FUL-LY (Mis-r£- spSkt'fuHe), ad. Irreverently; uncivilly, rudely. Dis-ROBE (dis-r6be' or diz-r&be'), v. t. To undress; to uncover; to strip. Dis-ro'bing, p. prs. D!s-r&6t', v. t. To root up; to extirpate. Dis-rup-tion (dis-rup'shun), n. The act of breaking asunder; breach ; rent, rupture. 158 *Dis-rup-ture (dis-rup'tshur), v. t. To rend ; to rupture : — n., see disruption. [70-5.] Dis-sat-is-fac-tion (dis x sat-is- fak'shun), n. State of being dis satisfied, discontent; uneasiness. *Dis-sat-is-fac-tor-y (dls x sat-is fak'tur-re),a. Causing discontent. *Dis-sat-is-fy (dis-sat'is v fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, dissatisfies.] To dis- please ; to make discontented. *Dis-sat'isVi-ed,^>. prf. (ap. p. with.) Dis-sect (dls-sSkf), v. t. To cut in pieces ; to divide and examine an organism; to anatomize. *Dis-sect-i-ble (dis-s^kt'e v bl), a. Capable of dissection. *Dis-sec-tion (dls-sSk'shun), n, The act of dissecting ; anatomy. Dis-sect-or (dis-sekt'ur), n. One who dissects ; an anatomist. *DlS-SEI-ZIN J (dis _ se , zin) n DlS-SEI-SIN J V " Unlawful dispossessing. *Dis-seize (dis-seez'), v. t. To dispossess wrongfully. Dis-seiz'ing, p. prs. *Dis-seiz-ee (Mis-seez-e&M, n. One dispossessed wrongfully. *Dis-seiz-or (dis-seez'6r), n. One who dispossesses unlawfully. Dis-sem-ble (dis-sem'bl), v. t. To hide under a false appearance; to conceal real motives ; to pre tend : — v. i., to play the hypocrite. Dis-sem'bling, p. prs. Dis-sem-bler (dis-s£m'blur), n. A hypocrite; one who conceals his real character or motives. Dis-sem-bling-ly (dis-sem/bllng- x le), ad. Hypocritically. !j Dis-sem-i-nate (dls-sem'e x nate), v. t. To sow; to scatter, as seed ; to spread every way ; to diffuse. Dis-sem'fna-ting, p. prs. Dis-sem-i-na-tion (dis N se , m-£-na'- shun), n. The act of scattering, as seed; a sowing, diffusion. Dis-sem-i-na-tor (dis v sem-e-na'~ tur), n. One who disseminate?. Dis-sen-sion (dis-seVshun), n. Disagreement; strife; discord.f Dis-sen-sious (dis-seVshus), a. Contentious, quarrelsome. DIs-sent', v. i. To disagree in opinion ; to differ (ap. p. — from) : — n. f disagreement from an opin- ion ; separation from a church. *Dis-sen-ta-ne-ous (Mis-sen-ta'- ne x us), a. Disagreeable, incon- sistent. Dis-sent-er (dls-sent'iir), n. One who disagrees ; one who sepa- rates from an established church. *Dis-sen-tient (dis-sen'shent), a. Dissenting : — n., a dissenter. Dis-ser-ta-tion (Mis-ser-ta'shun), n. A discourse : an essay. [304-23.] Dis-SERVE(dls-s§rv^),v.^. To injure. Dis-serv'ing, p. prs. *Dis-ser-vice (dis-seVvls), n. In- jury, mischief, harm. *Dis-ser-vice-a-ble (dls-seVvis- x a-bl), a. Injurious, mischievous. *Dis-sev-er (dis-seVilr), v. t. To cut in two ; to break ; to sunder. Dis-sev'er x ing, p. prs. *Dis-sim-i-lar (dis-slm'e'lur), a. Unlike; different. *Dis-sra-i-LAR-i-TY(dls x sim-e-lar / - £He), n. Unlikeness; want of resemblance, difference. *Dis-sim-il-i-tude (Mls-slm-11'e- x tude), n. Same as dissimilarity. Dis-sim-u-la-tion (dls x slm-u-la'- shun), n. The act of dissem- bling; hypocrisy. [283-1.] Dis-si-pate (dis'se y pate), v. t. To scatter, disperse; to spend lav- ishly, to squander. [94-32.] [167.] Dis'si x pa-ting, p. prs. Dis'si v PA-TED,/>.j0r/'.: — a., dissolute. *Dis-si-PA-TiON( x dis-se-pa'shun).«. Dispersion; dissolute living ; ex- cess ; waste. [20-2.] [355-1 X.) *Dis-so-cia-ble (dls-s6'sha v bl), a. Not sociable ; ill-matched* DIS DTS n6r, not — tube, tub, "bu.ll — Ml — p6ilnd — th'm, this. DIS Dis-so-cial (dis-s6'shal), a. Not fond of society. Dis-so-ci-ate (dls-s6'she x ate), v. t. To separate ; to disunite. Dis-so'ci n a-ting, p. prs. *Dis-so-ci-a-tion (dis r s&-she-a'- shitn), n. Separation, division. #Dis-so-lu-ble (dls's6 N lu-bl), a. Capable of being dissolved. *Dis-sol-u-bil-i-ty (dis N s61-lu- bil'e^te), w. Liableness to suffer a disunion of parts. D!s's6 v lute, a. Loose ; wanton ; debauched,vicious,unrestrained.f Dis-so-lute-ly (dis's6 N liite-le), ad. Loosely ; without restraint. *D1s's6 x lute-ness, n. Laxity of manners, debauchery. [379-23.] Dis-so-lu-tion (MIs-s6-lu'shu.n), n. The act of dissolving; destruc- tion of any thing by the separa- tion of its parts ; death ; the act of breaking up an assembly. [88-9.] *Dis-solv-a-ble (dlz-z61v'&H>l), a. Capable of dissolution ; dis- soluble. Dis-solve (diz-z61v')> v. t. To melt; to disunite; to separate; to break up an assembly : — v. %., to melt away; to be liquefied. [136-22.] [216-8.] DlS-SOLV'lNG, p. pr8. Dis-solv-ent (diz-z&lv'e'nt), a. Having power to dissolve: — n., that which causes to dissolve; a solvent. Dis-solv-er (dlz-z&lv'ur), n. He or that which dissolves. *Dis-solv-a-ble (diz-z61v'a v bl), a. Liable to perish by dissolution. *Dis-so-nance (dis's6 v nanse), n. A union of inharmonious sounds ; discord ; disagreement. *DIs's6 x nant, a. Unharmonious ; disagreeing ; discordant. *Dis-suade (dis-swade'), v. t. To advise or exhort against; to de- ter ; to dehort ; to discourage. Dis-sua'ding, p. prs. *Dis-suad-er (dis-swade'ur), n. One who dissuades. *Dis-sua-sion (dis-swa'zhun), n. Act of dissuading; dehortation ; advice against something. Dis-sua-sive (dis-swa'slv), a. Tending to persuade against : — •»., an inducement employed to dissuade. Dis-syl-lab-ic (Mis-sil-lab'ik), a. Consisting of two syllables. *Dis-syl-la-ble (dls-sil'la x bl or dls'sil-la^bl), n. A word of two syllables. *D!s'taff, n. The staff from which the flax is drawn in spinning. *Dis-tain (dis-tane'), v. t. To stain. Dis-tance (dis'tanse), n. Space between bodies ; space of time ; remoteness in time or place; shy behavior ; reserve : — v. t. f to place remotely ; to leave behind in a race. Dis'tan v cing, p. prs. DIs'tInt, a. Remote in place or time; reserved; shy; cool. DIs-taste', n. Dislike, disrelish, aversion : — v. t., to dislike. Dis-tast'ing, p. prs. *Dis-TASTE'FtJL, a. Nauseous, of- fensive, disagreeable. Dis-tem-per (dis-tem'pur), n. A disease ; malady ; disorder ; ill- humor [171—18] : — v. t., to dis- turb; to disorder. Dis-tem'per-a^ture, n. Bad tem- perature ; perturbation ; illness. DIs-tend', v. t. To stretch out in breadth ; to expand. [124-30.] -Dis-ten-si-ble (dls-teVse v bl), a. Capable of being distended. *Dis-ten-tion (dis-ten'shun), w. The act of stretching in every direction; expansion, breadth. *Dis-tich (dis'tik), n. A couplet of verses or poetic lines. *DIs-t1i/, J v. t. To let fall in Dis-tIll', J drops ; to extract spirit : — v. i., to fall by drops ; to flow gently; to use a still. *Dis-tii/ling, p. prs. *Dis-till-ed (dis-tild'), p. prf. *Dis-til-la-ble (dis-tll'la x bi), a. Capable of being distilled. Dis-TiL-LA-TiON( x dis-til-la / shun),??. Act of distilling. [distils. Dis-TiL-LER(dis-til'lur), n. One who *Dis-til-ler-y (dis-til'lur v re), n. A place where spirits are distilled. Dis-til'ler v ies, n. pi. *Dis-til-ment 1 (dls-til'mSnt), n. Dis-till-ment J That which is drawn by distillation. *Dis-tinct (dls-tingkf), a. Dif- ferent ; clear ; plain ; marked out. (op. jo.— from.) [222-16.] *Dis-tinc-tion (dis-tingk'shun), n. Difference ; separation ; prefer- ence; eminence, rank. [18-19.] [222-1.] Dis-tinct-ive (dis-tingkt'lv), a. Marking distinction or difference. Dis-tinct-ive-ly (dls-tingkt'iv- N le), ad. Particularly; plainly; clearly. Dis-tinct-ly (dis-tingkt'le), ad. Plainly; separately. Dis-tinct-ness (dis-tingkt'ne ! s), n. Nice observation ; clearness ; precision. Dis-tin-guish (dis-tlng'gwish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, DISTINGUISHES.] To note the difference ; to discern ; to discriminate ; to separate ; to make eminent [47-24] [367-7] : — v. i., to make distinction, (ap. p. — from, between.) Dis-tin-gttish-ed (dis-ting'gwlsht) p. prf. : — a., eminent, celebrated. [221-12.] *DlS-TIN-GTTISH-A-BLE (dlS-ting'- gwish x a-bl), a. Capable of being distinguished ; worthy of note or regard; discernible. [183-21.] Dis-t6rt', v. t. To twist; to wrest; to writhe; to pervert. '* j Dis-tor-tion (dis-tdr'shun), n. Deviation from the usual form or shape ; act of distorting ; per- version. [345.] 159 DIS DIT Fate, far, fill, fit — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, DIV Dis-tract (dis-trakf), v. t. To divide; to perplex; to make mad. [170-19.] Dis-tract'ed, p. prf. : — a., per- plexed; deranged; frantic. Dis-tract-ed-ly (dis-trakt'MHe), ad. Confusedly, wildly, franticly. Dis-tract-ed-ness (dls-trakt'M- x n§s), n. The state of being dis- tracted; madness. *Dis-trac-tion (dis-trak'shun), n. Confusion ; disorder; perplexity ; derangement, madness. [240-10.] Dis-tract-ive (dis-trakt'lv), a. Tending to confuse or distract. *Dis-train (dis-trane'), v. t. To seize goods for debt: — v. L, to make seizure of goods. Dis-traint (dis-trant'), n. Seizure for debt. Dis-tress', n. The act of making a legal seizure ; extreme suffer- ing; calamity; misery; afflic- tion [383-25] : — v. t., to harass ; to make miserable. [152-9.] Dis-tress'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. ^DIs-tress'fux, a. Full of trouble or misery. *Dis-trib-u-ta-ble (dis-trib'uHa- bl), a. Capable of being dis- tributed. ^Dis-trib'ute, v. t. To divide among many; to deal out; to separate and replace, as types. [96.] [352.] Dis-trib'u x ting, p. prs. Dis-tri-bu-tion (Mis-tre-bu'shun), n. The act of distributing; dis- pensation; allotment; apportion, ment; sorting. [182-18.] Dis-trib-u-tive (dis-trib'u x tiv), a. Assigning to others their proper portions. Dis-trict (dis'trikt), n. A circuit, country, territory ; tract, region : — v. t., to divide into districts. DIs-trcst', v. t. To regard with suspicion; to doubt; not to trust: — n., want of confidence; sus- picion. 160 Dis-TRftsT'FtJL, a. Suspicious ; lacking confidence, (ap. p. — Of.) Dls-TRtrsT'FtfrANESs, n. Want of confidence; diffidence. Dis-trifst'less, a. Void of distrust. Dis-tltrb', v. t. To perplex; to dis- quiet; to interrupt; to molest; to trouble. [54-1.] [177-9.] ■ *Dis-tttrb-ance (dls-turb'anse), n. Confusion, disorder, tumult. Dis-turb-er (dis-turb'ur), n. One who disturbs. Dis-un-ion (dis-yune'yun or dis- u'neNin), n. Separation; breach of concord ; disjunction. Dis-un-ion-ist (dis-yune'yun v ist), n. One who advocates the dis- union of confederated states. ^Dis-fr-NiTE^ v. t. To divide, sepa- rate : — v. i., to fall asunder ; to part. ^Dis-u-ni'ting, p. prs. Dis-u-ni-ty (dis-u'neHe), n. A state of separation. Dis-tj-sage (dis-u'zij), n. Cessa- tion of use or custom ; disuse. Dis-frsE', n. Cessation of use or custom; desuetude. Dis-use (dis-iW), v. t. To cease to use. DlS-u'siNG, p. prs. Dis-val-u-a-tion (disVal-u-a/- shun), n. Disgrace; disesteem. Dis-val-tje (dis-val'u), v. t. To undervalue ; to disesteem. Dis-val/u^ing, p. prs. *Dis-vouch (dis-vdutsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, disvouches.] To dis- credit; to contradict. Ditch (ditsh), n. A trench; a moat : — v. t., to make a ditch ; to entrench. Ditch'es, n. pi. aiidprs. t. 3. *Ditch-er (ditsh'ur), n. One who digs ditches. *Di-the-ism (di'^izm), n. The doctrine of the existence of two Gods. *DiTH-Y-RAM-Bic(Mif/i-e-ram'blk), n. A song in honor of Bacchus ; a wild, enthusiastic poem : — a. f wild, enthusiastic. DlTH-Y-RAMB, n. SeeDITHYRAMBIC. *Dit-ti-ed (dit'tid), a. Sung ; adapted to music. Dit't6, ad. or n. Said or aforesaid. 7^§~- Ditto is often contracted into do. Dit-ty (dit'te), n. A poem to be sung ; a song, a lay. *Dit'ties, n. pi. *D1-#r'nal, a. Daily; relating to, or performed in, a day : — n., a journal. *Di-ur-nal-ly (di-ur'naPle), ad. Daily; everyday. ^Di-ft-TftR'NAL, a. Lasting. *Di-u-tur-ni-ty (Mi-u-tur'ne v te), n. Length of duration. *Di-van (de-van'), n. The grand council of Turkey; a council- chamber; a kind of sofa. Di-var-i-cate (di-var'e v kate), v. i. To be parted into two : — v. t., to divide into two branches. *Di-varVca-ting, p. prs. Di-var-i-ca-tion (diVar-e-ka'- shun), n. Partition into two; division. DIve, v. i. To plunge under water, to immerse ; to go deep. -^Di'ving, p. prs. Di-ver (di'vur), n. One who dives. Di- verge (de-v£rje'), v. i. To tend various ways from one point; to branch off; to radiate : — opposed to converge. Di-ver'ging, p. prs. Di-ver-gence (de-veVjeiise), «. Departure from any point. *Di-ver-gent (de-veVje'nt), a. Tending to various parts from one point; receding from each other. *Di-vers (dl'vlrz), a. Several, sundry. [51-18.] *Di-verse (dl'vfirse), a. Multi- form, different. Di-verse-ly (dl'veWle), ad. In different ways ; variously. DIV DIZ n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound — thin, thIs. DOC Di-ver-si-fi-ca-tion (deV3r-se-fe ka'shtln), n. Variation ; multi- formity, change, variety of forms, Di-ver-si-fy (de-ver'se N fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, DIVERSIFIES.] To make different; to variegate; to vary. [66-15.]f *Di-ver'si x fi-ed, p. prf. Di-VER-si-FORM(de-ver'se N f6rm),a. Having various forms. *Di-ver-sion (de-ver'shun), w, The act of turning aside; sport. recreation. [170-27.] Di-ver-si-ty (de-ver'se y te), n. Dif- ference ; variety. [78-18.] *Di-ver' sixties, n. pi. Di-vert (de-verf), v. t. To turn aside ; to please ; to amuse, [248-25.] *Di-ver-tise (d£-veVtlz or Ml- ver-tlze'), v. i. To amuse ; to divert. Di-ver'tis^ing, p. prs. *Di-ver-tise-ment (de-ver'tlz- v ment), n. Diversion, pleasure, delight. Di-vert-ive (de-veWlv), a. Rec- reative, amusing; tending to divert. Di-vest (de-vest'), v. t. To strip, to make naked, {ap. p. — of.) [158-36.] [381-26.] Di-ves-ture (de-ves'tshiir), n. The act of depriving or stripping. *Di-vi-da-ble (de-vl'da N bl), a. Capable of division. Di-vide (de-vide'), v. t. To part; to separate: — v. i., to sunder; to sever; to share, (ap. p. — be- tween two, among many.) Di-vi'ding, p. prs. Div-i-dend (div'eMend), n. A share ; part allotted ; the number given to be divided. *Di-vi-der (de-vi'dur), n. One who or that which divides. Di-vi'ders, n. pi. A pair of com- Div-i-na-tion (Mlv-e-na'shun), n. Foretelling of events. L Di-vine (de-vlne'), a. Of the na- ture of God ; heavenly [347-24] : — n., a minister of the gospel ; a clergyman [200-28] : — v. t., to foretell, foreknow : — v. i., to con jecture. Di-vt'ning, p. prs. Di-vine-ly (de-vlne'le), ad. In a divine manner. Di-vi-ner (de-vi'nur), n. One who divines; a soothsayer. *Di-vin-i-ty (de-vin'eHe), n. Deity, divine nature ; a god ; the science of divine things, theology. *Di-vin'i v ties, n. pi. Di-vis-i-ble (de-viz'e^bl), a. Ca- pable of being divided. *Di-vis-i-bil-i-ty (deViz-e-bil'le- He), n. Capacity of being di- vided. Di- vis-ion (de-vlzb/un), n. The act of dividing ; partition ; differ- ence ; space ; section ; discord. *Di-vi-sive (de-vi'zlv), a. Crea- ting division or discord. *Di-vi-sor (de-vl'zur), n. The number that divides. "*'Di-vorce (de-vorse'), n. The legal separation of husband and wife ; separation : — v. t., to sepa- rate married persons; to disu- nite; to dissever, f *Di-vor'cing, p. prs. Di-vorce-ment (de-v6rse'inent), n. See divorce. n"I°f ft"l LE 1 (M-Tftr'Btfbl), a. Dl-VOR-CI-BLE j v J > Capable of being divorced. Di-vor-cer (de-v6r'sur), n. One who divorces. Di-vor-cive (de-v6r'siv), a. Hav- ing power to divorce. Di-vtjlge (de-vulje'), v. t. To pub- lish ; to proclaim ; to reveal. *Di-vul'ging, p. prs. Di-vul-ger (de-vul'jur), n. One who reveals. Di-vul-sion (de-vul'shun), n. The act of plucking away. DIz'en, v. t. To bedizen ; to deck. 14* Gid- *Diz-zi-ness (diz'ze v nes), n. diness. Diz-zy (diz'ze), a. [''-dizzier — dizziest.] Giddy, thoughtless; causing giddiness : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, dizzies], to whirl round; to make giddy. -Diz-zi-ed (diz'zid), p. prf. Do (d&6), v. t. [did — done.] [prs. t. 3, does.] To act any thing; to perform ; to achieve : — v. i., to act or behave in any manner well or ill ; to fare well or ill ; to an- swer a purpose. jt^it* Do is used both as a prin- cipal and as an auxiliary verb* As an auxiliary it helps to form the present and past tenses of the emphatic form, in which form do is the sign of the present, and did of the past. *Do'ing, p. prs. Do. See ditto. *Do-ci-ble (dosWbl or ddWbl), a. Tractable ; easy to be taught. -Do-cile (d6s r sil or dd'sil), a. Teachable, easily instructed. *Do-cil-i-ty (dd-sfl'le y te), n. Wil- lingness to be taught. [247-16.] Dock (d6k), n. An herb ; a place where ships are built or repaired ; a place in court where criminals stand: — v. t, to cut short; to place in a dock. *Dock-et (d6k'it), n. A label or direction on goods ; a list of cases in court: — v. U, to label; to en- ter in a docket. Doc-tor (dok'tur), n. A title in divinity, law, physic, &c. ; a physician [226] : — v. t., to pre- scribe medicine for; to physic; to cure. *Doc-to-ral (d6k't6Val), a. Re- lating to the degree of a doctor. Doc-to-rate (d6k't6 N rit), n. The degree of a doctor. Doc-to-rate (d6kWrate), v. t. To confer the degree of doctor. 161 DOG DOL Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, DOM Doc-tors-Com-mons (d6k'turz k&m'munz), n. pi. A college of civilians in London. Doc-tor-ship (d6k'tur v sh!p), n. The rank of a doctor. *Doc-tress (dSk'tres), ) Doc-tor-ess (dok'tur'es), J n ' A female doctor. *Doc-tri-nal (dSk'tre^nal), a. Containing doctrine ; pertaining to doctrine. [343-10.] Doc-trine (d6k'trin), n. The prin- ciples of a sect ; a tenet ; a pre- cept. [185-4.] Doc-tj-ment (d6k'u v ment), n. A writing containing instruction or direction : — v. t., to give written directions or instruction. *Doc-u-men-ta-ry ( x d6k-u-meV- taTe), a. Consisting of docu- ments ; contained in documents. Do-dec-a-gon (d6-dek'a v g6n), n. A plane figure of twelve sides and twelve angles. *Do-DEC-A-HE-DRON(d6 v dek-a-h^'- dr6n), n. A solid contained by twelve pentagonal faces. *Dodge (d6dje), v. i. To use craft; to shift place ; to evade : — n., an evasion. Dodging, p. prs. *Doe (do), n. The female deer. *Does (doze), n. pi. *Does (duz), prs. t. 3 of DO. Do-er (d66'ur), n. One who does any thing ; an agent. D6ff, v. t. To put off; to strip. Dog (dog or dawg), n. A domestic animal ; a constellation ; an and- iron : — v. t., to follow like a dog. *Dog'ging, p. vrs. *Dog'ged, p. prf. Dog-ged (d6g'ged or dawg'ged), a. Stubborn, sour, sullen. Dog-Days (dog'dazeordawgMaze), n. pi. Days in which the dog- star rises and sets with the sun. *Doge (doje), n. The former title of the chief magistrates of Venice and Genoa. 162 Dog-ged-ly (d6g'ged x le or dawg'- ged v le), ad. Sullenly, stubbornly. Dog-ged-ness (d6g'ged x nes c dawg'ged^nes), n. Sullenness. *Dog-ger-el (d6g / grel, dawg'grel, or d6g'gur x el), w. Mean verses : — a., contemptible, vile. *Dog-gish (d&g'gish or dawg'gish), a. Brutal, like a dog. D6g'ma, n. An established prin ciple ; a settled opinion. Dog'ma n ta, ) j Dogmas, j n - *> l *DoG-MAT-i-CAL(d6g-mat'e A kal), ) Dog-mat-ic (d6g-mat'ik), J a. Magisterial, positive, arro- gant. [228.] Dog-mat-i-cal-ly (d&g-mat'e^kal- le), ad. Positively. Dog-mat'ics, n. pi. Doctrinal theology. *Dog-ma-tism (d&g'maHizm), Dogmatical assertion ; positive- ness in opinion. [300.] Dog-ma-tist (d6g / ma > tlst), n. A magisterial teacher. Dog-ma-tize (d&g'ma x tlze), v. i. To assert or teach in a positive nian- *Dog'ma n ti-zing, p. prs. [ner. Dog-Star (dog'star or dawg'star), n. The star (Sirius) which gives name to the dog-days. Dog's-Ear (dogz'eer or dawg eer), n. The folded corner of a leaf of a book. Dog-trot (dog'tr&t or dawg'tr&t), n. A gentle trot like that of a dog. Do-ings (d66'ingz), n. pi. Things done; transactions; feats,actions. *D6iT, n. A Dutch coin ; a trifle. D6le, n. Any thing dealt out ; a pittance : — v. t., to deal out spar- ingly. *Do'ling, p. prs. D6le'ful, a. Sorrowful, gloomy, causing grief. Dole-ful-ly (dileTiirie), ad. In a doleful manner ; sorrowfully. Dole-ful-ness (dile'furnes), n. Sorrow. *Dole-some (dole'sum), a. Mel- ancholy, gloomy, sorrowful. D6ll, n. A puppet for a child. Dol-lar (dol'liir), n. In the United States, a coin worth one hundred cents; in Europe and Spanish America, a coin of various values : — a., worth a dollar, as bills; de- noting a dollar, as the mark [ $ ]. *Do-lor (d6'l6r), n. Grief, sorrow. *Dol-o-rif-ic (Mol-6-rif'ik), a. Causing grief or pain. *Dol-o-rous (d&l'oYus), a. Sor- rowful, dismal, doleful. *Dol-phin (d6l'fin), n. A fish. D6lt, n. A dull, stupid fellow. D6lt'!sh, a. Stupid, dull. *Do-main (dd-mane'), n. Estate ; dominion, possession. [25.] D6me, n. A building; a hemi- spherical arch ; a cupola. Do-mes-tic (do-meVtik), a. Be- longing to the house; private; tame; not foreign; intestine [55-12] [258-6] :— »., a house- hold servant. Do-mes-ti-cate (d6-mes r te'kate), v. t. To make domestic ; to tame. *Do-mes'ti x ca-ting, p. prs. Do-mes-ti-ca-tion (d6 x mos-te-ka'- shun), n. Act of domesticating. Do-mes-tic-i-ty (M6-mes-tis / eHe), n. State of being domestic. *Dom-i-cil-ia-ry (M6m-e-sll'ya- Ve), a. Relating to an abode ; intruding into private houses. *Dom-i-cile (d6m'e N sil), n. A resi- dence, a house, a mansion. Dom-i-nant (d6m / e x nant), a. Pre- dominant, ascendant, ruling. Dom-i-nate (dom'e nate), v. t. To rule ; to govern. *Dom'iVa-ting, p. prs. Dom-i-na-tion (Mom-e-na'shun), n. Arbitrary authority; power, tyranny. [38-17.] Dom-i-na-tor (dom^na-tur), «. The presiding power ; a ruler. ;;j Dom-i-neer ( d6m-e-neer'), v. i. To rule with insolence; to bluster. DOR DOU n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 6x1- -p6und — thin, this. DOU *Dom-i-ne (d6m'e x ne), n. A pastor or teacher. *Do-min-i-cal (d6-min'e x kal), a. Relating to the Lord's day. *Do-min-ion (d6-min'yun), n. Sovereign authority ; territory ; region, district. [57-4.] Dom-i-no (doin'e N n6), n. A kind of hood ; a dress ; a small block of bone with one marked face. -DomVnos, n. pi. A game. D6n, n. The Spanish title for a gentleman : — v. t., to put on. Don'ning, p. prs. Donn'ed, p. prf. Do-na-ry (d6'na x re), n. A thing given to sacred uses. *Do'na n ries, n. pi. Do-nate', v. t. To give; to bestow. Do'naVing, p. prs. Do-na-tion (d6-na'shun), n. The act of giving ; a gift. *"Don-a-tive (d6n'aHlv), n. A gift; a present : — a., giving or given. Done, ^>. prf. of do. Do-nee (d6-nee 7 ), n. One to whom any thing is given. DoN-JON(dun'jun)w.A strong tower; the keep of an ancient castle. Don-ke Y(dori'ke),n.An ass or mule. Do-nor (d6'ndr), n. A giver. D66m, v. t. To condemn ; to des- tine ,• to judge [237-9] : — n., ju- dicial sentence ; fate. [105-6.] Doom's-day (d66mz'da), n. The day of judgment. Doom's-d ay-Book (dSSmz'da y buk) ». A book made by order of William the Conqueror, in which estates were registered : — some- times written domesday-book and also doomsday-book. DooR(d6re), n. The gate of a house; entrance; passage; avenue. *Door-Keep-er (dftre'keep^ur), n. One who attends at the door. Dor-ic (dorlk), a. Relating to an order of Grecian architecture. *Dor-man-cy (ddr'man v se), n. Sleep. D6r'm1nt, a. Sleeping ; con cealed. [82-8.] Dor-mer (d6r'mur), n. A beam ; a window in the roof of a house *Dor-mi-tor-y (ddr'me N tur-re), n A place to sleep in. [201-16.] Dor'mi v tor-ies, n. pi. D6r'm6use, n. A small animal. Dor'mice, n. pi. D6r'sal, a. Pertaining to the back, D6se, n. The quantity of medi- cine to be given at one time. *Dost (dust), prs. t. 2 of do (used in the solemn style). D6t, n. A small point or spot in writing : — v. t. } to make dots or spots. Dot'ting, p. prs. #Dot'ted, p. prf. Do-tage (d6'taje), n. Loss of un- derstanding in old age. Do'tal, a. Relating to a dowry. *D6'tard, n. A man whose age has impaired his intellect. Do-ta-tion (d6-ta'shun), n. En- dowment. D6te, v. i. To become silly by age or passion; to love exces- sively, (ap. p. — on.) D6'ting, p. prs. Do-ter (do'tur), n. One who dotes. *Doth (duth), 2*rs. t. 3 of do (used in the solemn style in place of does). Do-TiNG-LY(d6'tlng > le), ad. Fondly. *D6t , tard, n. A tree kept low by cutting. Doub-le (dub'bl), a. United by twos ; twice as much ; twofold ; of two kinds ; deceitful, acting two parts : — v. i., to increase to twice the quantity; to return upon a former track: — v. t., to increase to twice the quantity; to fold : — n., twice the quantity or number; a trick; an arti- fice ; a fold. *Doub'ling, p. prs. Dottb-le-Deal-er (Mub-bl-deel'- ur), n. A deceitful, subtle person. *DouB-LE-DEAL-iNG(Mub-bl-deel'- ing), n. Artifice, dissimulation* Doub-le-Mind-ed (Mub-bl-imnd r - ed), a. Deceitful ; wavering. Doub-le-ness (dub'bPnes), n. The state of being double. *Doub-let (duplet), n. The inner garment of a man ; a pair ; in Printing, a repetition of words by mistake. Doub'ling (duVling), n. A fold; artifice ; a double. *Doub-loon (dub-166n') ? n. A Spanish coin of gold, worth about sixteen dollars. Doub-ly (dub'ble), ad. Twice. Doubt (ddiit), v. t. To question ; to fear; to suspect; to distrust: — v. i., to hesitate: — n., uncer- tainty of mind, suspense, sus- picion, scruple, hesitation, (ap. p. — of.) [doubts. *Doubt-er (doiit'ur), n. One who Doubt-ftjl (ddut'ful), a. Ambig- uous ; uncertain ; questionable. [249-4.] *Doubt-ful-ly (ddut'fuPle), ad. With doubt ; ambiguously. *Doubt-ful-ness (dout'fuPnes),??. Uncertain ty,ambiguity,suspense. Doubt-less (d6ut'le>), ) *Doubt-less-ly (ddut'leVle), j ad. Without doubt ; unques- tionably. *Dou-CEUR (du-sur'), n. A gift ; a bribe, a lure. *Douche (d66sh), n. A column of water falling from the height of several feet. *Dough (do), n. Unbaked paste. *Dough-face (dd'fase), n. One who is flexible in principle. *Dough-ty (d3ii'te), a. Brave, illustrious, eminent. *Dough-ti-ness (d6iVte v nes), n. Bravery, valor. *DouGH-Y(d6'e),a. Soft.like dough. *D6use, v. t. To plunge suddenly in the water : — v. i., to fall sud- denly into the water. 163 DOW DRA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — no, move, DRA pT8. i'4r), ) l'drV4), > «. Dous'ing, p. prs. Dove (duv), n. A domestic pigeon. *Dove-Cot (duv'k6t), n. A small house for pigeons. Dove-tail (duv'tale), n. A joint which has the appearance of a dove's tail when spread: — v. t., to unite by a dovetail joint. *Dow-a-ger (ddu/a^jur), n. A widow with a jointure ; a title of widows of rank. *Dow-dy (ddii'de), n. An awk- ward, ill-dressed woman : — a., awkward; ill-dressed. Dow'dies, n. pi. *Dow-el (ddu/el), v. t. To fasten boards at the edges by pins : — n., a pin for fastening timber. Dow'eiAng, I *Dow'el'ling, J & Dow'el-ed, 1 * ♦DOW'BLL-BD, J P ' P77 ' Dow-er (dM'tir), Dow-er-y (d6u ~ *Dow-ry (ddtV A jointure; a wife's or widow's portion; endowment. *Dow'ers, ") *Dow'er n ies, >n.pl. *Dow'ries, J *Dow-las (dM'las), n. A kind of coarse linen. Down (dddn), n. Soft feathers, fibres, wool, or hair; a large, open plain ; a sand ridge : — prp. f along a descent; from a higher place to a lower : — ad., on the ground; below the horizon; to the bottom : — a., dejected, down- cast, disheartened. Down-cast (d6iin'kast), a. Bent down; dejected. Down-fall (doiin/fal), n. Ruin, calamity, overthrow. Down-hill (dodn'hll), n. Decliv- ity, descent: — a., descending, *Down-right (d6un'rlte),a. Open, plain, positive in expression, Down-right (dMn'rite), ad. In plain terms, truly, 164 Down-sit-ting (ddun'slt v ting), n. A sitting down ; repose. Down- ward (ddun'wurd), a. Tend- ing to a lower place. Down-ward (dMn'wurd), j , Down-wards (d6un'wurdz), J aa " Towards a lower place. Down-y (ddiin'e), a. [downier — downiest.] Covered with down or nap ; soft, tender. Dow'ry. See dower. *Dox-ol-o-gy (d6ks-6l'16'je), n. A song giving glory to God. Dox-olVgies, n. pi. Doze, v. i. To slumber; to drowse: —n., a slight sleep. [317-21.] *Do'ZING, p. pV8. *Doz-en (duz'zn), n. sing, or pi. The number twelve : — a., twelve. *Do-zi-ness (d6'ze N n^s), n. Sleep- iness, drowsiness. *Do-zy (dd'ze), a. [dozier — do- ziest.] Sleepy, dull. Drab, n. A low woman ; a kind of cloth : — a., of a brown color. *Drachm ) , , * v (In Medi- Dram }(**m),«.| cinethe eighth part of an ounce in weight. J0t* The drachm of measure or capacity is now called a flui- drachm, which see. Dram is the popular, and drachm the technical, orthography. *Drachm (dram), \ , *Drach-ma (drak'rna), J Grecian silver coin ; a Grecian weight of about 55 grains troy : — see dram and drachm. Draff, n. Refuse, sweepings. Draft, n. Any thing drawn; a number of men drawn from an army; an order for money: — v. t., to draw ; to detach. Drafts. See draughts. Drag, v. t. To pull: — v. i., to trail on the ground: — n., a net; an instrument with hooks; a kind of car drawn on the ground. * Dragging, p. prs. Drag-ged (dr&gd), p. prf. Drag-gle (drag'gl), v. t. To make dirty by dragging : — v. i., to grow dirty by being dragged. Drag'gling, p. prs. Drag-man (drag'man), n. One who uses a dragnet. Drag'men, n. pi. Drag-net (drag'nel), n. A net which is drawn along the bottom of rivers, -P rs - Driv-el (driv'vl), v. i. To slaver; to be silly : — «., slaver ; a fool. 165 DRO DRTJ Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, m5ve, DRY IV'eLXING, J r r \ (drlv'vld), p. prf. | (drivVri&r), n. Driv *Driv ; Driv'el-ed *Driv'ell-ed Driv-el-er Driv-el-ler A fool; an idiot. Driv'en, p. prf. of drive. Dri-ver (dri'vur), n. One who drives; a wheel that communi- cates power. Driz-zle (driz'zl), v. i. To fall in slow drops : — n., a small rain, a mist. *Driz'zling, p. prs. *Driz-zly (drlz'zle), a. Raining small drops. Droll (dr61e), a. Comic, laugh- able, odd: — n., a jester, a buf- foon : — v, i. y to jest; to play the buffoon. Drol-ler-y (dr61'ur x re), n. Idle jokes, buffoonery, mummery. *Drol'ler x ies, n. pi. Drom-e-da-ry (drum'eMa-re), n. A camel with one hump. ^Drom'e^da-ries, n. pi. Dr6ne, n. The male bee; a pipe of a bagpipe ; a sluggard : — \ to live in idleness. Dro'ning, p. prs. Dr6'n!sh, a. Idle, sluggish. Dr66p, v. i. To languish; to grow weak; to faint. Dr6p, n. A globule of moisture; diamond hanging in the ear ; a door or platform made to fall : — v. t. [dropped or dropt — drop- ped or dropt], to pour in drops ; to let fall ; to let go ; to utter slightly ; to cease: — v. i. f to fall in drops; to fall ; to die; to vanish. Drop'ping, p. prs. : — n., that which falls in drops ; a fall. *Drop-ped (dr6pt), p. prf. Dr6p'let, n. A little drop. Dr6p'-Se-rene', n. Grutta-serena; amaurosis : a disease of the eye. *Drop-si-cal (dr6p r se x kal), a. Diseased with a dropsy. 166 Drop-sy (dr6p'se), n. A disease from a collection of morbid wa- tery matter in the body. *Drop'sies, n. pi. Dropt, pst. t. and^. prf. of drop. Dr6ss, n. The scum of melted metals ; rust, refuse. *Dros-si-ness (dr6s'se v nes), n. Foulness, rust. Dros-sy (dr&s'se), a. [drossier — drossiest.] Full of dross,impure. ^Drought (drdut), } n. Want of Drouth (drd&th), J rain ; thirst ; dry weather. *Drought-i-ness (drSut'e^nes), n. The state of wanting rain. Drought-y (dr6ut'e), a. [drought- ier-droughtiest.] Dry, wanting Drouth. See drought. [rain. Drove, n. A number of cattle or other animals : — pst. t. of drive. Dro-ver (dr6'vur), n. One who drives cattle to market. Drown (dr6iin), v. t. To suffocate in water ; to overwhelm ; to del- uge ; to overflow : — v. i. f to be suffocated by water. Drowse (drouze), v. i. To sleep unsoundly; to slumber; to be heavy or dull : — v. t., to make heavy with sleep ; to make dull. *Drows'ing, p. prs. Drow-si-ly (dr6u.'ze > l£), ad. In a sleepy manner; heavily. Drow-si-ness (drdu'ze^nes), n. Sleepiness. *DROW-SY(dr6u'ze) a. [drowsier — drowsiest.] Sleepy, dull, stupid. Drub, v. t. To thrash ; to beat ; to pound: — n., a thump, a blow, a knock. Drub'bing, p. prs. *Drub-bed (drubd), p. prf. Drudge (drudje), v. i. To labor hard; to slave: — n., one who works hard ; a servant. [237-12.] Drudg'ing, p. prs. *Drudg-er-y (drudj'urVe), n. Mean labor, hard work. Drudg'er x ies, n. pi. Drug, n. An ingredient used in physic, a medicine; an unsalable article : — v. t., to season with drugs ; to dose immoderately. Drug'ging, p. prs. Drugg'ed, p. prf. Drug-get (dnig'glt), n. A kind of coarse woollen cloth. * Drug'gIst, n. One who sells drugs. Dru-id (dru'id), n. A priest of the ancient Britons. *Dru-id-ess (dru'id^s), n. A priestess of the ancient Britons. DruWess-es, n. pi. -Dru-id-i-cal (dm-id'e^kal), a. Relating to the Druids. Dru-id-ism (dru'idlzm) , n. The rites and doctrines of the Druids. Drum, n. An instrument of mili- tary music; the tympanum of the ear; a cylinder: — v. i., to beat a drum : — v. t., to expel with the beat of drum. (ap. p. — from, out of.) Drum/ming, p. prs. *Drum-med (drumd), p. prf. *Drum-Ma-jor (drum-ma'jur), n. The chief drummer of a regiment. Drum-mer (drum'mur), n. One who beats the drum. Drum-Stick (drum'stlk), n. The stick with which a drum is beaten. Drunk (drungk), a. Intoxicated with liquor, inebriated : — p. prf. of DRINK. *Drunk-ard (dmngk'urd), n. One habitually intoxicated ; a sot. Drunk-en (drungk'kn), a. Intoxi- cated ; addicted to drunkenness. Drunk-en-ly (drungk'kn^le), ad. In a drunken manner. *Drunk-en-ness (drungk'knWs), n. Intoxication with liquor. Dry (drl), a. [drier — driest.] Not moist; arid; not wet; bar- ren ; without rain ; thirsty ; sar- castic : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, dries], to free from moisture; to drain : — v. i.y to grow dry ; to evaporate. DUC DUL n6r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — dil — pSiind- ■thm, THis. DUN Dri-ed (dride), p. prf *DRY-AD(dri'ad),n.Awood-nymph. Dry-Goods (dri'gdods), n. Cloth, silks, CA-TING, p. pr8. Du-pli-cate (du'pleMt), n. A second thing of the same kind ; an exact copy: — a., doubled ; twofold. Du-pli-ca-tion (Mu-ple-ka'shtln), n. The act of doubling. Du-pli-ca-ture (du'ple-kaHure), n. A fold, any thing doubled. *Du-pli-ci-ty (du-plls'seHe), n. Deceit ; doubleness of heart or speech ; double dealing. *Du-ra-bil-i-ty (Mu-ra-bll'leHe), n. Power of lasting in a given state; permanence. [294-23.] Du-ra-ble (du'ra'bl), a. Lasting; havirig long continuance. [220-6.] Du-ra-ble-ness (du'ra^bl-nSs), n. Power of lasting. 163 Du-ra-bly (duWble), ad. In a lasting manner. *Du-rance (du'ranse), n. Im- prisonment,continuance,custody. Du-ra-tion (du-ra'stmn), n. Con- tinuance, length of time. [283.] [46-28.] *Du-ress (du-reV or du'res), n. Constraint; unlawful imprison- ment. Du-ring (du'ring), prp. For the time of the continuance of. Durst, pst. t. of dare {to venture). Dusk, a.Tendingto darkness : — n., tendency to darkness, twilight. *Dusk-i-ly (dusk'e'le), ad. With a tendency to darkness, cloudily. Dusk-i-ness (dusk'eWs), n. Slight darkness. Dusk'Ish, a. Inclining to darkness. Dusk-y (dusk'e), a. Tending to darkness, obscure ; gloomy. Dust, n. Earth, or other matter, reduced to powder; the state of dissolution : — v. t., to free from dust; to sprinkle with dust. Dust-er (dust'ur), n. He or that which frees from dust. Dust-i-ness (dust'e'nes), n. The state of being dusty. Dust-y (dust'e), a. [dustier — dustiest.] Covered with dust. Dutchess. See duchess. Dutch-y. See duchy. *Du-te-ous (du'te'us), a. Dutiful, obedient ; obsequious. Du-ti-ful (du'te'fti.1), a. Obedient to superiors and parents. *Du-ti-ful-ly (du'te v ful-le), ad. Submissively, obediently. *Du-ti-ful-ness (du'te x ful-nes), n. Obedience, submission, respect. Duty (du'te), n. That which one is bound to perform ; obligation ; tax, custom. [56.] [382-27.] *Du'ties, n. pi. Dwarf, n. A man, animal, or plant below the common size : — v. t, to hinder from growing. [204.] -Dwarf'ish, a. Below the natu- ral size ; little. DwIrf'ish^ness, n. Smallness of stature. Dwell, v. i. [dwelt or dwelled —dwelt or dwelled.] To in- habit; to reside; to fix the mind upon. (ap. p. — on, upon, in, at.) Dwell'ing, p. prs. : — n., habita- tion, abode, residence. *Dwell-er (dwell'iir), n. A resident. Dwelt, pst. t. snadp.prf. of dwell. Dwin-dle (dwin'dl), v. i. To shrink; to lose bulk; to grow little. [285-12.] D wind 'ling, p. prs. *Dye (dl),v. t. To color; to stain: — »., coloring matter; a stain. *Dye'ing, p. prs. - ;: 'Dy-er (dl'ur), n. One who dyes. Dye-stuff (dl'stuf ), n. Materials for dyeing. *Dy'ing, p. prs. of die : — a., given or manifested while ex- piring; as, dying words, dying love ; mortal ; as, dying strug- I gles : — n., death. Dyke. See dike. Dy-nam-ic (dl-nam'lk), ) Dy-nam-ic-al (dt-nam'e'kal), J ** Relating to dynamics. *Dy-nam'ics, n. pi. The science of bodies in motion. *D Y-NAS-TY(di , nasHeord!n , asHe) n. \ A race of sovereigns in succession ; < government.sovereignty. [39-36.] , Dy'nas x ties, ) , Dyn'asVies, J n; P L Dys-en-ter-ic (Mis-en-teYrik), a. Relating to dysentery. *Dys-en-ter-y (dis'eVter-re), n. A disease of the bowels. *Dys-pep-si-a (dls-pep'se x a), } *Dys-pep-sy (dis Dys-pep-sy (dis'i A difficulty of digestion. Dys-pep-tic (dis-p?p'tik), a. Rela- ting to or afflicted with dyspepsy : — n., one afflicted with dyspepsy. ;oe ooweis. (dls-pep'se x a),) dis-pep'se), > n. s'pep x se), J EAR EAR n3r, nSt — tube, tub, bull— dll— pSund— *Mn, this. EAT E(ee), n. The fifth letter and second vowel. The name is written E, and the plural Ees. E.E. stand for ells English, or errors excepted ; E.N.E. for east- northeast; E.G. or e.g. for exem- pli gratia {for example) ; etc. or m6ng), n. 170 Explanation; the act of clearing up an affair. *E-clat (e-klaw' or e-kla'), n. Splendor, show ; striking effect. *Ec-lec-tic (ek-lek'tlk), a. Se- lecting, choosing at will : — n., one who selects from different systems. *Ec-LEC-Ti-ciSM(ek-lek , te x slzm),n. The practice of selecting from different systems. *E-clipse (e-kllps')> n. An ob- scuration of the light of a heav enly body; darkness, obscura- tion [239-27] : — v. t., to darken a luminary ; to obscure. E-clip'sing, p. prs. *E-clip-tic (e-klip'tik), n. A great circle of the celestial sphere, which is the apparent path of the sun : — see zodiac. *Ec-logue (ek'16g), n. A pas- toral poem. *Ec-o-nom-ic ( > ek-&-n&nvlk), Ec-o-nom-i-cal ( x ek-6-n6m'e kal) a. Pertaining to economics ; fru- gal, saving. *Ec-o-NOM-ics( x ek-6-n6m / lks),rt.p2. The science of household man- agement. E-con-o-mist (e-k6n , 6 > mist), n. One frugal in expenses. [267-20.] *E-con-o-mize (e-k6n'6 x inlze), v. t. To use with economy. E-con'o x mi-zing, p. prs. E-coN-o-MY(e-k6n / 6 v me),w. Frugal- ity, discretion of expense ; regula- tion, system. [150-8.] [240-22.] *Ec-STA-SY(ek'sta x se), n. Excessive joy; rapture. [35-5.] [357-10.] *Ec'sta x sies, n. pi. *Ec-stat-ic (ek-stat'lk), \ Ec-stat-i-cal (ek-stat'e N kal), j °" Filled with ecstasy, raptured. [46-27.] EcVrie. See equery. *E-da-cious (e-da'shus), a. Vora- cious, ravenous, greedy. *E~dac-i-ty (e-das'seHe), n. Vo- raciousness, ravenousness. Ed-der (ed r dur), n. Wood put upon the top of fences. Ed-dy (ed'de), n. Backward cur- rent; whirlpool; circular mo- tion : — v. i., to move as eddies. Ed'di-ed, p. prf. *Ed'dies, n. pi. and^r*. t. 3. ^'den, n. A garden; Paradise. Edge (edje), n. The thin or cut- ting part of a blade; extreme border; rim; keenness of mind or appetite ; acrimony : — v. t. f to sharpen; to furnish with an edge; to border; to iinbitter: — v. i. f to move forward sideways. *Edg'ing, p. prs. : — n. } a narrow lace ; a border. Edg-ed (edjd), p. prf. : — a., sharp, not blunt. Edge-less (edje'le's), a. Blunt Edge-Tool (edje't&ol), n. A tool with a sharp edge. ^Edge-wise (edje'wlze), ad. In the direction of the edge. *Ed-i-ble (ed'e N bl), a. Fit to be eaten; eatable. E-dict (e'dikt), n. A proclama- tion ; a decree issued by a sove- reign. Ed-i-fi-ca-tion (^ed-e-fe-ka'shun), n. Improvement; instruction in morals or religion. *Ed-i-fice (ed'eYis), n. A fabric, a building; a large structure. Ed-i-fy (ed'e'fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, edifies.] To build ; to instruct, to teach. *Ed'i\fi-ed, p. prf. 'E'dIle, n. The title of a magis- trate of ancient Rome, who had care of public buildings or high- ways. Ed'It, v. t. To superintend a pub- lication; to conduct; to publish. E-di-tion (e-d!sh'un), n. Publica- tion of a book; the whole im- pression of a book. Ed-i-tor (ed'e v tur), n. One who revises or prepares a publica- tion ; a publisher. ujlJ EFF EFF n8r, nSt — tube, tub, bill — 611 — pound — thin, this. EFF I j *Ed-i-to-ri-al ('ed-l-t^'re^al), a. Pertaining to an editor : — »., an article in a public journal, writ- ten by the editor. Ed-I-tress (ed'e'trSs), n. A female editor. Ed-u-cate (ed'u N kate), v. t. To bring up ; to instruct ; to train ; to teach. ^EdVca-ting, p. prs. Ed-u-ca-tion ( x ed-u-ka'shun), n. Formation of manners in youth ; instruction ; tuition ; nurture. Ed-u-ca-tion-al ( r £d-u-ka'shun- x al), a. Pertaining to education E-duce (e-duse')> v. t. To bring out; to elicit. *E-du'cing, p. prs. E-duc-tion (e-duk'shun), n. The act of bringing any thing into view. *E-dul-co-rate (^-dul'k6 > rate) v. t. To sweeten ; to purify ; to dulcorate. E-dul'co^ra-ting, p. prs. E-dul-co-ra-tion (&Mul-k6-r&'- shun), n. The act of sweetening. 'Eel, n. A serpentine, slimy fish. *Ef-fa-ble (ef fa'bl), a. Express- ive ; capable of being uttered. Ef-face (ef-fase'), v. t. To wear away; to destroy; to rub out. *Ef-fa'cing, p. prs. Ef-fect (eT-fekt'), n. That which is produced by cause or agent; result, consequence ; general in- tent [230-10] :— v. t., to bring to pass ; to achieve; to cause. [382.] *Ef-fect-i-ble (If-fekt'e'bl), a. capable of being effected; per- formable. Ef-fect-ive (e'f-fekt'lv), a. Hav- ing power to produce effects ; op- erative, efficient, active,forcible.f *EF-FECT-ivE-LY(ef-f^kt'ivle),a^. Powerfully, with effect. Ef-fect-ive-ness (ef-fekt'iv v nes), n. Efficiency ; efficacy. Ef-fect-less (^f-fekt/les), a. Without effect ; useless. Ef-fects', n. pi. Goods, movables personal estate. [55-30.] Ef-fect-u-al (ef-fgk'tshu'al), a. Productive of effects, powerful. *Ef-fect-u-al-ly (§f-fek'tshu x al- le), ad. With effect; effica- ciously. [190.] Ef-fect-u-ate (ef-fek'tshu x ate), v. t. To bring to pass. *Ef-fectVa-ttng, p. prs. *Ef-fem-i-na-cy (If-fem'e^na-se), n. Softness ; unmanly delicacy. Ef-fem-i-nate (ef-feWe^nate), v. t. To make womanish ; to unman. -Ef-fem'iVa-ting, p. prs. Ef-fem-i-nate (ef-fem'e^nlt), a. Womanish; tender. EF-FEM-i-NATE-LY(ef-fem / e > nit-le), ad. In an effeminate manner; weakly; softly. Ef-fem-i-nate-ness (ef-fem'e^nit nes), n. Effeminacy. Ef-fen-di (ef-fen'de), n. In Turk- ish, a lord; a superior (applied to various officers of rank). *Ef-fer-vesce ( x ef-fer-veV), v. i. To bubble ; to send out gas. ^Ef-fer-ves'cing, p. prs. *Ef-fer-ves-cence ( x ef-fer-veV- sense), n. The escape of gas from a fluid; a gentle bubbling. *Ef-fer-ves-cent ( v ef-f§r-ves'- s^nt), a. Gently bubbling. Ef-fer-ves-ci-ble ( v ^f-fer-v§s r se- y h\), a. Capable of effervescence. *Ef-fete (eT-f&te'), a. Barren ; worn out. *EF-Fi-cA-cious(W-f£-ka r shus),a. Producing effect; effectual. Ef-fi-ca-cious-ly ( x ef-f£-ka'shus- 16), ad. Effectually. Ef-fi-ca-cious-ness (W-fe-ka/- shus'nes), n. Efficacy. *Ef-fi-ca-cy (eTfe x ka-se), n. The power to produce effect. [65-21.] Ef'fi v ca-cies, n. pi. Ef-fi-cience (ef-fish'^nse), ] *EF-Fi-crEN-CY(ef-flsh'en v se), j The power or act of producing effects. Ef-fi-cient (e'f-fish'^nt), n. A cause : — a., causing effects. Ef-fi-cient-ly (Sf-flsh^nt'le), ad. With effect. Ef-fi-gy (eTfe^je), n. An image in painting or sculpture; resem- blance ; representation. *Ef'fi a gies, n. pi. 2 Ef-flate',v.£.To puff up, to inflate. Ef-fla'ting, p. prs. Ef-flo-resce ( r ef-fl6-res'), v. i. To form dust or powder on the sur- face ; to flower. x Ef-flo-res'cing, p. prs. Ef-flo-res-cence (W-fl^-reV- sense), n. Production of dust or powder on the surface; the act of flowering. *Ef-flo-res-cent (W-fl6-reV- sent), a. Shooting out in forms of flowers. Ef-fltj-ence (ef'flu^ense), n. That which issues ; a flowing out. 2 Ef'fl^ v ent, a. Flowing out. *Ef-flu-vi-tjm (ef-flu've'um), n. Small particles which are contin- ually flying off from bodies. *Ef-flu'vi v a, n. pi. Ef-flux (Sf fluks), n. The act of flowing out; effusion; emanation. ^Ef'flux^es, n. pi. *Ef-flux-ion (ef-fluk'shun), n. The act of flowing out,emanation. 3 Ef'f6rt, n. Struggle; endeavor, attempt; strain. [56-8.] *Ef-front-er-y (ef-frunt/eYre), n. Impudence, boldness. *Ef-ful-gence (ef-ful'jense), n. Lustre, brightness, splendor. [72.] Ef-ful-gent (ef-fiirjent), a. Lu- minous, bright, shining. *Ef-fuse (ef-fuze'), v. t. To pour out gently; to spill; to shed. *Ef-ftj'sing, p. prs. Ef-fu-sion (ef-fu'zhun), n. The act of pouring out; the thing poured out; a production with- out effort. [26.] Ef-fu-sive (ef-fu'slv), a. Pouring out, dispersing, diffusive. 171 EIG ELA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — n&, move, ELE 9 Eft, n. A small lizard ; a newt. *E-ges-tion (&-jeVtshun), n. The act of throwing out ; voiding. 3 Egg, n. That which is laid by some animals, from which their young is produced. Eg-lan-tine (Sg'lanHlne or Sg'- lanHin), n. A species of rose sweetbrier. E-go-ism (e'g&lzm or SgWlzm), « Selfishness ; scepticism. E-go-ist (e'gtiist or gg'&lst), n, One who doubts every thing but his own existence. *E-go-tism (e'g6 x tizm or gg^tlzm), n. Too frequent mention of one's self; vanity. E-go-tist (e'g6Hist or egotist), n. One who talks much of himself. E-go-tist-ic ('e-g6-tlst'lk or x ^g-6- tist'lk), a. See egotistical. #E-go-tist-ic-al ( N e-g6-tlst'e v kal or x eg-6-tist'e'kal), a. Full of self; conceited. E-go-tize (e'g&Hlze or Sg'oHlze), v. i. To talk much of one's self. *E , GO v TI-ZING, p. prs. E-gre-gious (e-gre'jus), a. Emi- nent, remarkable, extraordinary. *E-gre-gious-ly (e-gre'jus x le), ad. Eminently, excessively. E-GRE-Gious-NESs(e-gre , jus > ne*s),n. The state of being great. E-gress (e'gre's), ) *E-gres-sion (e-greWun), j n% The act of going out ; departure. E'gress^es, n. pi. *E-gret (e'gre't), n. A fowl of the heron kind. E-grett \ (£-greV), n. An orna *E-grette J ment of feathers, rib- bons, r66m), n. Room to move. ELD(^ld),n. Old age,people,or times. ^S*' Eld (adjective) is the obso- lete positive of elder and eld- est; it is obsolescent as a noun. El-der (el'dur), a. com. Surpass- ing another in years: — n., the name of a tree; an older person; a church officer : — see old. *El-der-ly (eTdur'le), a. Some- what old ; no longer young. El-der-ship (eTdur'shlp), n. Se- niority ; the body of elders. 3 Eld'est, a. sup. Oldest: — see old. -*EL-E-CAM-PANE( > e , l-e-kam-pane / )> n. A plant ; a sweetmeat. KU£fl ELE ELE n5r, u&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p6iind — thin, this. ELL E-lect (e-lekf), v. t. To choose from a number for office ; to se- lect : — a., chosen, taken by pref- erence; selected : — n., one chosen. *E-lec-tion (e-lek'shun), n. The act of choosing; the power of choice ; voluntary preference ; the choice of officers ; divine choice. [146-24.] [334-23.] E-lec-tion-eer (e v lek-shun-£eV), v. i. To use arts to secure elec- tion to an office. E-lect-ive (e-lekt'lv), a. Exert ing the power of choice ; depend- ent on choice. [147-3.] E-lect-ive-ly (e-lekt'iv x le), ad. By choice or election. #E-lect-or (e-lekt'iir), n. One who has a right to vote at elections. *E-lec-to-ral (e-lekWral), a. Belonging to an elector or election. E-lec-to-rate (e-le ! k't6 v rit), n. The territory of an elector of the German Confederation. E-lec-tric (e-lek'trik), n. A sub- stance which exhibits electricity. E-lec-tric (e-lek'trik), *E-lec-tri-cal (e-lek'tre x k&l) a. Attractive ; relating to elec- tricity. *E-lec-tri-cian ( x e-lek-trlsh'an), n. One versed in electricity. *E-LEC-TRic-i-TY(M-l^k-tris'se v te), n. A subtle fluid excited by fric- tion and chemical action. E-lec-tri-fi-a-ble (e-lek'tre-fra- v bl), a. Possible to be electrified. E-lec-tri-fy (e-lek'tre v fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, ELECTRIFIES.] To charge with electricity; to startle. E-lec'tri v fi-ed, p. prf. E-lec-trize (e-lek'trlze), v. u To electrify. *E-LEC'TRI V ZrXG, p. pr8. E-lec-tro-Mag-net-ism: (e-lek'- tr6-mag'nefizm), n. The science which treats of the development of magnetism by means of a cur- rent of electricity. E-lec-troji-e-ter fe-lek-trom'e- tiir), n. An instrument for meas- uring the intensity of electricity. E-lec-tro-type (e-l§k'tr6 N tipe), v. t. To plate with metal by means of electricity : — n., a me tallic fac-simile taken by means of electricity. ^E-lec/tro^ty-ping, p. prs. E-lec-trum (e-lek'trum), n. Am ber : an alloy of gold and silver. E-lect-tt-a-ry (e-lekt'u v a-re), n. A soft, compound medicine. *E-lect'u x a-ries, n. pi. ^El-ee-mos-y-xa-ry ( 'el-e-moz'e- x na-re), a. Living upon alms : — n. f one living on charity. *El-e-gance (eWganse), n. Re- finement; beauty, grace. 2 E1'e'gant, a. Pleasing; having elegance ; graceful. [163-12.] [25-11.] El-e-gant-ly (ere x gant-le), ad. "With elegance: gracefully, richly. *El-e-gi-ac (el-e'je v a,k or N el-e-jl'- ■4k), a. Pertaining to elegy ; mournful, plaintive. El-e-gi-a-cal ( x el-e-jl'ak x al), a. Elegiac. El-e-gi-ast (el-e'je^ast). El-e-gi-ast (' " *El-e-gist (e\ A writer of elegies, El-e-gy (eTe'je), n. A mournful song; a dirge.f *Ei/e'gies, n. pi. 2 El'e'ment, n. The first or con- stituent principle of any thing ; proper sphere ; an ingredient. Ei/e Vents, n. pi. The rudiments of an art or science ; earth, air, fire, and water. [23-43.] V2 El-e-mext / al, a. Pertaining to elements; arising from first prin- ciples. EL-E-MENT-A-RY( v el-£-ment'a-re), a. Relating to elements; un-J compounded, primary. El-e-phant (el'e^fant), n. The| largest of quadrupeds. ' 15* (el-e'je^ast), ) Oel-e-ji'ast), [ ^l'ejist), J -El-e-phan-tine fel-e-fan'tin), a. Pertaining to the elephant. 2 Ei/eVate, v. t. To raise up ; to exalt ; to dignify ; to cheer. El'eVa-ting, p. prs. El-e-va-tion ( x el-e-va'shun), n. The act of raising aloft ; exalta- tion; altitude. [79-38.] [289-8.] *El-e-va-tor (eTeVa-tur), ». A raiser or lifter up. [and one, 11. E-lev-en (e-leVvn), a. or n. Ten *E-lev-enth (e-leVvn£&), a. The ordinal of eleven ; noting the number eleven. 2 Elf, n. A wandering spirit; a fairy. *Elves, n. pi. 2 ELF'iN, } t, .,. . " 2 E 'i ' > a. Resembling elves. Elf-Lock (elf'lok), n. Knots of hair supposed to be twisted by elves. E-li-cit (e-lis'sit), v. t. To strike out; to draw forth; to deduce. *E-li-ci-ta-tion (e^lis-se-ta'shun), n. Act of eliciting. *El-i-gi-bil-i-ty fel-e-je-bil'le- y te), n. Worthiness to be chosen, fitness for office. *El-i-gi-ble (eTeje-bl), a. Fit to be chosen ; desirable, proper. *El-i-gi-bly (eTe-je v ble), ad. Suitably. [expel. E-lim-i-xate (e-llm'e^nate), v. t. To E-lim'i v na-ting, p. prs. *E-lim-i-na-tion (ellm-e-na'- shun), n. Expulsion, rejection. *E-lis-ion (e-llzh'un), n. The act of cutting off a vowel at the end of a word ; as, th'. *E-lite (a-lete'), n. The chosen or best part. *E-lix-ir (e-lik'sur), n. A medi- cine; a compound tincture; a cordial. j Elk, n. A large animal of the stag kind. 2 Ell, n. A measure containing a yard and a quarter. j El-l!pse', n. An oval figure; an ellipsis. 173 ELU EMA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, m5ve, EMB * 2 El-lip's!s, n. A figure of rhet oric by which something is left out ; an omission ,• in Geometry, an oval figure. See cone. *El-lip'ses, n. pi. *El-lip-tic (Sl-Iip'tlk), 1 El-lip-ti-cal (el-llp'te'kal), J a ' Having the form of an ellipsis ; oval. 2 Elm, n. The name of a tree. *El-o-ctj-tion (^1-6-ku/shun), n. Utterance, art of speaking ; man- ner of delivery. *El-o-cu-tion-ist (^l-o-ku'shun- ^ist), ra. A teacher of elocution. ElVgy. See eulogy. E-lon-gate (e-16ng'gate), v. t. To lengthen; to draw out: — v. i.,to recede. E-lon' gating, p. prs. EL-ON-GA-TioN( r el-6ng-ga'shun),w The act of lengthening; dis- tance; departure. E-lope (e-16pe'), v. i. To go away without permission. E-lo'ping, p. prs. E-lope-ment (e-ldpe'mSnt), n. A clandestine departure. *El-o-quence (e'Wkwense), n The power of speaking with flu ency and elegance ; oratory. [67.] El-o-quent (eWkwent), a. Hav- ing the power of oratory ; speak- ing with eloquence. [95-21.] El-o-quent-ly (el'6 y kwent-le), ad. In an eloquent manner. [134.] s Else, pro. Other, one besides : — ad., otherwise ; besides ; except, (cor. c. — than.) (ap.p. — besides.) *Else-where (£lse'hware), ad. In another place. E-lu-ci-date (^-lu'seMate), v. t. To remove obscurity ; to explain. *E-LU'CI V DA-TING, p. pr8. E-lu-ci-da-tion (e^lu-se-da'shun), n. Illustration, explanation. *E-lu-ci-da-tive (e-lu'seMa-tiv), a. Explanatory. *E-lu-ci-da-tor (e-lu'seMa-tur),w. An explainer ; an expositor. | 174 E-lude (e-lude'), v. t. To escape by stratagem ; to evade ; to avoid. [26-31.] [236-11.] E-ltt'ding, p. prs. *E-lu-di-ble (e-lu'de^bl), a. Ca- pable of being eluded. E-LU-siON (e-lu'zhun), n. An es cape from inquiry by evasion; an artifice. E-lu-sive (e-hVslv), a. Using arts to escape; deceptive. *E-lu-sor-y (e-hYsurVe), a. Tend- ing to elude. *Elves (eTvz), n. pi. of ELF. *E-lys-i-an (e-lizh'e'an), a. Ex- ceedingly delightful, blissful. *E-lys-i-um (e-llzh'e^um), n. The place assigned by the heathens to happy souls. 2 Em, n. The name of the letter M, under which see. E-ma-ci-ate (e-ma'she^ate), v. t. To waste : — v. i., to grow lean ; to lose flesh. [255-14.] E-ma'ci n A-tjng, p. prs. *E-ma-ci-a-tion (^ma-she-a'- shun), n. The act of making lean; leanness. * 2 Em'a*nant, a. Issuing from. * 2 Em'a x nate, v. t. To issue or flow from ; to arise. Em'aVa-ting, p. prs. *Em-a-na-tion ( x em-a-na'shun), n. The act of issuing from; that which issues; a product: an effluvium. [143-29.] [216-7.] Em-an-a-tive (£m r an v a-tiv), a. Issuing from ; flowing from. E-man-ci-pate (e-man'se N pate), v. t. To set free from servitude or slavery; to liberate; to free. [20-3.] ^E-man'ciVa-ting, p. prs. E-man-ci-pa-tion (e v man-se-pa'- shun), n. The act of setting free; deliverance from slavery; free- dom, manumission. [362-13.] *E-man-ci-pa-tor (e x man-s6-pa'- tur), n. One who emancipates ; a liberator. Em-balm (em-bam' or gm-bam'), v. t. To impregnate a body with aromatics, so that it may resist putrefaction. [93.] *Em-balm-er (etn-bam'ur or e'm- bam'ur), n. One who embalms. EM-BANK-MENT(§m-bangk'ment),n. The act of enclosing with a bank ; a mound of earth. 2 Em-bar'g6, n. A prohibition of vessels to leave port; a stop put to trade : — v. t., to prohibit ves- sels from entering or leaving port. *Em-bar'goes, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. 2 Em-bark', v. t. To put on ship- board; to engage another in an affair : — v. i., to go on ship- board ; to engage in an affair. (ap.p. — in, for.) *Em-bar-ka-tion fem-bar-ka'- shun), n. The act of going on shipboard. ^ 2 Em-bar'rass, v. t. [prs. t. 3, embarrasses.] To perplex ; to entangle; to puzzle. f 'Em-bar'rass^ment, n. Perplexity, entanglement; trouble. [18-32.] [303-14.] *Em-bas-sy (em'bas^se), n. A pub- lic message to a foreign nation ; the person by whom it is sent. *Em'b assies, n. pi. Em-bat-tle (ein-bat'tl), v. t. To range in order of battle. Em-bat'tling, p. p?'8. *Em-bay (e'm-ba'), v. t. To enclose in a bay. 2 Em-bed', v. t. To lay as in a bed. Em-bel'lish, v. t. [prs. t. 3, em- bellishes.] To adorn ; to beautify, (ap. p. — with.) ' 5j2 Em-bel'l!sh v ment, n. Decora- tion; ornament. [96-8.] Em-ber-Day (eWburMa), n. A day of fasting and prayer. Em-bers (em'burz), n. pi. Hot cinders ; ashes with fire. Em-ber-Week (eWburVeek), n. A week in which an ember-day occurs. EMB EME n3r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— Ml— pSund- -thin, this. EMI Em-bez-zle (3m-beVzl), v. t. To steal by breach of trust ; to waste. *Em-bez'zling, p. prs. *Em-bez-zle-ment (Sm-beVzl- ^m^nt), n. Illegal appropriation of the property of another. #Em-bez-zler (Sm-beVzlur), n. One who embezzles. Em-bit-ter. See imbitter. ^m-blaze', v. t. To adorn with glittering embellishments. #Em-bla'zing, p. prs. *Em-bla-zon (£m-bla , zn), v. t. To adorn with figures of heraldry ; to deck glaringly. Em-bla-zon-er (Sm-bla'znNir), n. One who emblazons. *Em-bla-zon-ry (£m-bla'zn y r&), n. Devices upon shields. s Em'blem, n. A picture represent- ing a truth ; a symbol ; a type. [27-30.] Em-ble-mat-ic (^m-bld-matlk), *Em-ble-mat-i-cal ( y em-ble-mat'- e x kal), a. Pertaining to an em- blem ; allusive. Em-ble-mat-i-cal-ly ( v §m-ble- mat'e y kal-le), ad. By means of emblems; allusively. EM-BLE-MENTs(e : m'ble N me ! nts),w v pZ. The products of land sown. Em-blem-ize (£m'bl£rnlze), v. t. To represent by emblems. Em'blemVzing, p. prs. *Em-bod-i-ment (em-b6d'e v me , nt), n. The state of being embodied. [108-31.] Em-bod-y (6m-b&d'e), v. t. [prs. t. 3, embodies.] To form into a body. [349-17.] *Em-bod'ied, p. prf. Em-bold-en (em-bol'dn), v. t. To make bold. *Em-bo-som (em-b6'zm), v. t. To cherish. 3 Em-b6ss', v. t. [prs. t. 3, emboss- es.] To form with raised work; to engrave with relief or rising work. [work. **Em-b6ss'ment, n. Relief, raised D, } P-Vf- Em-bow-el (em-bdu'el), v. U To deprive of entrails. Em-bow'ei/ing, ) *Em-bow'ei/ling, j * Em-bow'el-ed, *Em-bow'ell-ed Em-bow-er. See imbower. Em-brace (Sm-brase'), v. t. To hold fondly in the arms ; to wel- come ; to include ; to comprise ; to comprehend : — v. i., to join in an embrace : — n., a clasp. *Em-bra'cing, p. prs. Em-brace-ment (em-brase'me ! nt), n. Clasp, embrace. Em-bra-cer (em-bra/ sur), n. One who embraces ; one who attempts to corrrupt a jury. Em-bra-cer-y (em-bra/surYe), n Attempt to corrupt a jury. *Em-bra-sure (em-bra'zhur or y era-bra-zhure'), n. An aperture in a wall for cannon. Em-bro-cate (dm'ta^kate), v. t. To rub a diseased part with medicinal liquors. Em'bro n ca-ting, p. prs. Em-bro-ca-tion ( x 3m-br6-ka'- shun), n. The lotion with which a diseased part is washed; the act of embrocating. *Em-broi-der (eua-br6e'dur), v. t. To decorate with figured work. [25-16.] [170-15.] EM-BROi-DER-ER(em-brc , e'dur^ur)/i. One who adorns with needle-work. Em-broi-der-y (£m-br6e'dur v re), n. Variegated needle-work. *Em-broi'der x ies, n. pi. a EM-BRdii/, v. t. To disturb; to distract ; to confuse. 2 Em-br6il/ment, n. A state of contention. *Em-bry-o (em'breV)), n. The un- developed state of an animal or plant; a thing unfinished: — a., un- finished, undeveloped. [364-27.] Em'bry\)s, n. pi. E-mend-a-ble (e-me'nd'a-bl), a. Capable of amendment. *Em-en-da-tion ( v em-en-da'shun), n. Correction ; improvement. -•^Em'e^rald, n. A precious stone of a green color. E-merge (e-merje'), v. i. To rise out of water : to come forth ; to issue. [79-4.] (ap. p. — from.) *E-mer'ging, p. prs. E-mer-gence (e-iner'jense), } *-E-MER-GEN-CY(e-mer r jen x se), j n ' The act of emerging ; sudden occasion ; pressing necessity. [38-13.] E-mer'gen^ces, ) , -^E-mer'gen^cies, j n ' P * E-mer-gent (e-meVjInt), a. Ris- ing into view or notice ; sudden, casual, urgent. 'E-iIr'It^d, a. Allowed to have done sufficient public service. *E-mer-i-tus (e-mer'e x ttis), a. Honorably discharged from a public service. *E-mer-sion (e-meVshun), n. The act of emerging or rising out. *Em-er-y (em'erVe), n. A hard mineral substance. *E-met-ic (e-met'ik), a. Having the quality of provoking vomits : — n., a medicine that excites vomiting. Em-i-ca-tion fem-e-ka'shun), n. The act of flying off in sparks. Em-i-grant (emigrant), n. One who emigrates. Em-i-grate (^m'e r grate), v. i. To leave one's native country to reside in another. *Em'i n gra-tlng, p. prs. Em-i-gra-tion (^m-e-gra'shun), n. Change of habitation; removal from one country to another. *Em-i-nence (^m'e v n^nse), n. Lof- tiness, height; exaltation, celeb- rity ; a title. [122-4.] [376-2.] Em-i-nent (eminent), a. High, exalted ; conspicuous ; distin- guished. Em-i-nent-ly (em'eWnt-le), ad. Conspicuously ; highly. [354-17.] 175 EMP EMP Fate, far, fall, fat— me, niet— pine, pin— n&. m6ve, EMU Em-is-sa-ry (em'is x sa-r&), n. A secret agent ; a spy : — a., look- ing about ; prying. #Em'is x sa-ries, n. pi. *E-mis-sion (e-mish'un), n. The act of sending out. 1 E-m1t / , v. t. To send forth ; to let fly; to issue. [125-14.] E-mit'ting, p. prs. -E-mit'ted, p. prf. * Em-met (eWmit), n. An ant. *Em-ol-les-cence (^in-61-lSs'- se'ns), n. The first softening of a melting body. [To soften. *E-mol-li-ate (6-m6We , ate), v. t, E-mol'li v a-ting, p. prs. *E-moll-ient (&-m&l'ye , nt), a Softening ; relaxing : — n., a warm, softening application. Em-ol-li-tion (^m-61-lish'un), n. The act of softening or relaxing. * , E-m6l^\ment, n. Advantage; gain, profit from an office. E-mo-tion (e-m6 / shun),n. Disturb- ance of mind; feeling; agita- tion; passion. [72-37.] [242.] -E-MO-TiON-AL(e-m6'shun v al), ) E-mo-tive (e-m6'tiv), J a ' Pertaining to emotion. 3 Em-pale', v. t. To fence with a pale ; to enclose ; to put to death by thrusting a stake through the body. #Em-pa'ling, p. prs. ^m-pale'ment, n. Act of empaling. 2 Em-pan'el, n. A list of men quali- fied to serve as jurors : — v. t., to forma jury. [102-8.] See panel. Rt-pan'elW, ) *Em-pan'elxing, j * r Em-pan'el-ed, ) , *EM-PAN'ELL-ED, ^Jr'J/J* EM-PAS-siON(^m-pash / un), v. t. To move with passion ; to impassion. *Em-per-or (em'peVur), n. The ruler of an empire. *Em-pha-sis (SmWsls), n. A stress of voice laid upon a word or sentence. Em'pha v ses, n. pi. 176 *Em-pha-size (§m'fa x slze), v. t. To place emphasis on. Em'pha x si-zing, p. prs. Em-phat-ic (^m-fat'lk), ) Em-phat-i-cal (gm-fat'e'kal), j °" Uttered with emphasis; strong. *Em-phat-i-cal-ly (em-fat'e x kal- le)ad.Strongly,forcibly.[106-25.] 2 Em'pire, n. Imperial power ; an extensive region or a union of several states (governed by an emperor) ; sway, dominion. [76-29.] [259-6.] *Em-pi-ric (eWpe'rik or e'm-plr'- ik), n. A quack; an ignorant physician. Em-pir-ic (k-pirlk), ) Em-pir-i-cal (Sm-pir'e'kal), j °" Versed in experiments ; applied without science ; quackish. Em-pir-i-cal-ly (e , m-plr'e > kal-le), ad. By experience only. *Em-pir-i-cism (em-plr'e N slzm), n. Dependence on experience with- out science; quackery. *Em-plas-tic (e'm-plas'tlk), a. Adhesive, glutinous. Em-ploy (^m-pl6e'), v. t. To busy ; to keep at work; to use; to en- gage in one's service (ap. p. — in, on, upon, about) : — n. y business, occupation; office. *Em-ploy-a-ble (em-plo^Tbl), or. Capable of being employed ; proper for use. Em-ploy-e ( v ang-pl6e-a')> ) *Em-ploy-ee (^m-p^-e^'), J n ' One who is employed. ^Em-ploy-es', ) { -:• EM-PLOY-EES% j r Em-ploy-er (em-plde'ur), n. One who employs or causes to be used. Em-ploy-ment (em-plSe'me'nt), n. Occupation, business, office. *Em-po-ri-um (em-p6're v um), n. A place of merchandise; a com- mercial city. Em-po'ri'a, ) , Em-po'ri^ums, J n ' p( " 2 Em-p6v'er x 1sh, v. t. [prs. t. 3, empoverishes.] To make poor ; to exhaust. 3 Em-p6v'er v ish-ment, n. Dimi- nution, waste. *Em-pow-er (^m-p6d'ur), v. t. To invest with power ; to enable ; to authorize. * 2 Em'press, n. The wife of an emperor ; a female who governs an empire. Em'press^es, n. pi. *Em-prise (e'rn-prlze'), n. An attempt of danger ; an enterprise. *Emp-ti-ness (em' tone's), n. The state of being empty; want of intellect ; a void space. Emp-ty (eWte), a. Void, not full ; containing nothing ; unsatisfac- tory: — v. t. [prs. t. 3, empties], to evacuate ; to exhaust : — v. i. } to become empty. *Emp'ti-ed, p. prf. *Em-pyr-e-al (em-pir'e^al), a. Re- fined beyond aerial; heavenly. *Em-py-re-an ( v £m-pe-re'an or em-plr^an), n. The highest heaven : — a. f empyreal. 2 Em'£ x late, v. t. To rival ; to vie with ; to strive to equal. [98-33. J [285-18.] EmVla-ting, p. prs. Em-u-la-tion ( r Sm-u-la'shun), n. Rivalry, competition, contest. Em-u-la-tive (eWu^la-tiv), a. In- clined to emulation. [rival. *Em-u-la-tor (Sm'uHa-tur), n. A *E-mul-gent (^-mdl'j^nt), a. Milk- ing or draining out. Em-u-lous (eWuHus), a. Desirous of excelling, (ap.p. — of.) Em-u-lous-ly (^m'Mds-le), ad. . With desire to excel. E-mul-sion (e-muFshun), n. A form of lubricating medicine. En-a-ble (Sn-a'Dl), v. t. To make able; to empower. En-a'bling, p. prs. En-act (e'n-akf), v. t. To pass a law; to perform. [250.] IMJ&i ENC ENC nor, not— tube, tub, bull— 6il- -pSund — fMn, THis. END prs. - ) (en-am'el v lur),n. * ) En-act-ment (en-akt'ment), n, A law enacted; a statute. *En-act-or (en-akt'dr), n. One who passes a law, EN-AL-LA-GE(en-al'la N je),n. The use of one part of speech for another. En-am-el (en-am'el), v. t. To inlay ; to variegate with colors : — n. } a thing enamelled ; a sub- stance inlaid ; the cortex, or the hard covering of the teeth. En-am'el n ing, ) *En-am'el n ling, j *' En-am'el-ed, ^En-am'ell-ed^ En-am-el-er *En-am-el-ler One who enamels. *En-am-or (en-am'ur), v. t. To inflame with love. (ap. p. — of, with.) [363-26.] En-cage (en-kaje'), v. t. To shut up ; to confine in a cage. *En-ca'ging, p. prs. En-camp (eu-kamp'), v. ». To pitch tents; to halt: — v. t., to form into a camp. En-camp-ment (en-kamp'ment), n. The act of encamping; a camp; tents pitched in order. [368-4.] En-case. See incase. *En-caus-tic (en-kaws'tik), a. Burnt in; infixed by intense heat : — n., a kind of enamelling. *En-ceph-al-ic (en-sei'arik), a. Relating to the head, or within it. En-chafe (en-tshafe'), v. t. To % chafe ; to irritate. En-cha'fing, p. prs. En-chain (en-tshane'), v. t. To fasten with a chain ; to bind. En-chant (en-tshant'), v. t. To delight in a high degree ; to fascinate; to charm. [142-6.] [343-12.] *En-chant-er (en-tshant'ur), n. A magician, a sorcerer. En-chant-ing-ly (^n-tshant'lng- v le), ad. With enchantment. M En-chant-ment (en-tshant'ment), n. Magical charms; irresistible influence; delight. [349-13.] [79-16.] *En-chant-ress (Sn-tshant're's), n. A sorceress; a woman who charms by beauty or excellence. En-chant'ress^es, n. pi. En-chase (en-tshase')> v. t. To engrave with figures ; to adorn ; to infix ; to emboss. En-cha'sing, p. prs. *En-cho-ri-al (5n-k6're > al), a. Popular, common ; native. En-cir-cle (en-ser r kl), v. t. To surround with, or to enclose in, a circle ; to embrace. *En-cir'cling, p. prs. En-clit-i-cal (e'n-klit'e^kal), a. Relating to enclitics. *En-clit-ic (en-klit'lk), n. A particle which throws back the accent upon the foregoing syl- lable ; as, que in virumque. En-close (en-kl6ze'), v. t. To en- circle, surround ; to include. En-clo'sing, p. prs. En-clo-sure (en-kl6'zhur), n. The act of enclosing; the thing which encloses, or which is enclosed. *En-co-mi-ast (en-k6'nie x ast), n. A panegyrist, a praiser. Em-co-mi-as-tic (eVkd-me-as'tik), a. Bestowing praise. '^En-co-mi-um (en-k6'me x um), n. Panegyric,praise,eulogy.[154-10] En-co'mi% J n h En-co'mi ums, j r En-com-pass (In-kum'pus), v. t. [prs. t. 3, encompasses.] To surround, to enclose, to encircle. En-com-pass-ment (In-kum'pus- x ment), n. A surrounding. *En-core (6ng-k6re'), ad. Again, once more. En-coun-ter (en-k6un'tiir), n. A duel, single fight, battle : — v. t., to meet in a hostile manner; to attack ; to oppose : — v. i. f to fight ; to meet. (ap. p. — with.) En-cour-age (en-kur'rije), v. t. To inspire with courage ; to incite ; to animate ; to embolden. [54-12.] *En-cour'a n ging, p. prs. *En-cour-age-ment (en-kur'rij- ^ment), n. Act of giving courage ; countenance, support, (ap. p. —to.) [134.] En-cour-a-ger (en-kur'rlfur), n. One who encourages. En-croach (en-krdtsh'), v. i. [prs. t. 3, encroaches.] To invade the right of another; to advance by stealth ; to intrude, (ap. p.— on, upon.) [111-37.] *En-croach-er (en-kr6tsh'ur), n. One who encroaches. EN-CR0ACH-MKNT(en-kr6tsh r m§nt), n. An unlawful intrusion. En-cum-ber (en-kum'bur), v. t. To impede action by a burden ; to clog ; to load. [242-5.] *EN-cuM-BRANCE(en-kum'branse), n. A clog, load; burden upon an estate. *En-cyc-li-cal (en-sik'le x kal), a. Circular ; sent to many. En-cy-clo-p^-di-a I (eVsi-kl6- *En-cy-clo-pe-di-a J peMe'a), n. The circle of sciences ; a diction- ary of arts, sciences, and learn- ing ; a cyclopedia. *En-cy-clo-pe-di-an ( y en-sl-kl&- pe'de'an), a. Embracing the whole circle of learning. En-cy-clo-pe-dist (^en-si-kld-pe'- dlst), n. One who compiles an encyclopedia. *En-cyst-ed (en-sist'ed), a. En- closed in a cyst. 'End, n. Termination, conclu- sion; death; abolition; inten- tion, design : — v. t., to terminate, to finish; to destroy: — v. u, to come to an end ; to cease ; to die. En-dam-age (en-dam'ije), v. t. To prejudice; to harm. *En-dam'a x ging, p. prs. En-dan-ger (en-dane'jur), v. t. To expose to peril or loss. 177 END ENF Fate, fir, fall, fat — m&, mSt — pine, pin — no, m5ve, ENG En-dear (£n-deer')> v. t. To make beloved, (ap.p. — to.) [94-27.] *En-dear-ment (en-deer'me : nt), w. Cause of love, affection, fondness. #En-deav-or (en-deViir), n. La- bor directed to some end ; exer- tion, effort: — v. i., to labor to a certain purpose (ap. p. — after) : — v. t., to attempt ; to try. En-dec'a n gon. See undecagon. *En-de-mi-al (en-de'me N al), *) En-dem-ic (en-dem'ik), > a. En-dem-i-cal (^n-dem'^kal), J Peculiar to a country or place, as diseases. En-dict. See indict. En-dite. See indite. End-less (end'les), a. Without end; perpetual, incessant. End-less-ly (end'lesHe), ad. In- cessantly, without end. *End-less-ness (e'nd'leVne's), n. Perpetuity, endless duration. • 2 En-dorse', v. t. To write on the back; to superscribe. En-dors'ing, p. pr8. 2 En-d6rse'ment, n. Superscrip- tion, writing on the back. En-dors-er (en-dors'ur), n. One who writes his name on the back of a note of exchange. *En-dow (en-ddu'), v. t. To en- rich with portion or gifts ; to in- vest (ap. p.— with.) [159-12.] [280-25.] En-dow-ment (en-dSii'inent), n. The act of endowing; wealth be- stowed; natural gift. [306-19.] En-due (en-du')> v. t. To supply ; to endow, (ap. p. — with.) *En-du'ing, p. prs. En-dur-a-ble (en-dur'a^bl), a. Capable of being endured. #En-dur-ance (en-dur'anse), n. Continuance, duration ; fortitude. s En-dure', v. t. To bear; to sus- tain : — v. i., to last, to remain, to continue. [150-18.] En-dur'ing, p. prs. End-wise (end'wlze), ad. On end. 178 En-e-my (en'e r me), n. A public foe ; an opponent, an antagonist, an adversary. *En'e x mies, n. pi. En-er-get-ic ( x en-§r-j^tlk), a. Forcible,active, vigorous. [66-12.] *En-er-get-ic-al-ly ^en-e'r-jSt' ik x al-le), ad. In a vigorous manner. En-er-gize (eVeYjlze), v. i. To act with energy : — v. t., to em- ploy with energy. *En'er v gi-zing, p. prs, En-er-gy (eVeVje), n. Power, force, vigor. [7 2-40.] f *En'e regies, n. pi. ^-ner'vAte, v. t. To weaken, deprive of force; to render feeble, *E-ner'va n ting, p. prs. *E-ner-vate (e-neYvit), a. Weak- ened, enfeebled. En-er-va-tion ( v en-er-va'shun), n. The act of weakening; weakness. En-fee-ble (en-fee'bl), v. t. To weaken; to enervate. En-fee'bling, p. prs. *En-feoff (en-fef), v. t. To invest with possessions in fee. *En-feoff-ment (e'n-feTine'nt), n. The act of enfeoffing ; a deed. *En-fi-lade (^n-fe-lade'), n, A straight passage or line: — v. t. y to pierce in a right line. v En-fi-la'ding, p. prs. En-force (en-f6rse')> v. t. To strengthen; to compel; to urge. En-for'cing, p. prs. *EN-FORCE-MENT(en-f&rse'ment),n. Act of enforcing; compulsion. [158-5.] En-for-cer (en-f6r'sur), n. One who enforces. En-fran-chise (en-fran'tshiz), v. t. To admit to the privileges of a freeman ; to set free. [120-11.] En-fran'chis n ing, p. prs. *En-fran-chise-ment (en-fran'- tshiz x m^nt), n. The act of mak- ing free ; releasing from slavery or imprisonment. En-gage (en-gaje'), v. t. To bind by contract; to enlist; to win by pleasing means ; to attach ; to gain; to employ; to induce [112-33] [236-25]:— v. i. t to conflict; to fight; to enlist in any party; to embark in any business. (ap. p. — in a work, with an antagonist, for a time.) *En-ga'ging, p. prs. En-gage-ment (en-gaje'ment), n. The act of engaging; obligation by contract ; employment ; fight, battle. [291-8.] En-gen-der (en-jeVdur), v. t. To beget; to produce; to form; to excite: — v.ii., to be produced. *En-gine (en'jln), n. An instru- ment in which many mechanical powers are combined; a machine ; an agent. *En-gi-neer (^en-je-neer'), n. One who directs an engine,or enginery. 7/gHt* A civil engineer super- intends the construction of the artificial aids to trade and passage; such as railroads, canals, docks, bridges, &c. En-gin-eer-ing (^n-jin-eer'ing), n. The art of managing engines ; construction of roads, &c. -En-gine-ry (en'jinVe), n. A com- bination of engines ; artillery. En-gird (en-gerd'), v. t. [engirt Or ENGIRDED — ENGIRT Or EN- GIRDED.] To encompass; to en- circle; to surround. *Eng-lish (ing'gllsh), a. Belong- ing to England : — n., the lan- guage or letters of England. En-glut', v. t. To swallow ; to glut. En-glut'ting, p. prs. *En-glut'ted, p. prf. En-gorge (en-g6rje'), v. t. To de- vour ; to swallow greedily. *En-gor'ging, p. prs. En-graft. See ingraft. En-grain. See ingrain. En-grap-ple (en-grap'pl), v. i. To close with ; to grapple ; to seize. Uik ENJ ENO nSr, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p5und— *Mn, this. ENS *En-grap'pling, p. prs. a EN-GRASp', v. t. To grasp. ^En-grave', v. t. [engraved — ENGRAVED Or ENGRAVEN.] To picture by incisions in any mat- ter; to impress deeply; to imprint. En-gra'ving, p. prs. En-gra-ver (In-gra'vur), n. One who engraves. En-gross (en-gr6se'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, engrosses.] To monopolize ; to absorb ; to forestall; to copy in a large hand : — see regrate. En-gross'ing, p. prs. [335.] *En-gross-er (Sn-gr&se'ur), n. One who engrosses. **En-gross-ment (en-gr&se'mSnt), n. The act of engrossing; ex- orbitant acquisition. 3 En-gulf', v. t. To swallow up in a gulf. En-hance (en-hanse'), v. t. To raise; to advance in price; to increase. [146-30.] En-han'cing, p. prs. *EN-HANCE-MENT(en-hanse'm5nt), n. Increase. E-nig-ma (e-nlg'ma), n. A riddle ; an obscure question. *En-ig-mat-i-cal (^n-ig-mat'e- x kal), a. Containing an enigma; obscure ; ambiguously expressed. En-ig-mat-i-cal-ly ( x In-lg-mat'e- v kal-le), ad. In an obscure manner. E-nig-ma-tist (e-nlg'maHlst), n. One who deals in enigmas. 2 En- j6!n', v. t. To direct ; to urge. (ap. p. — on, upon.) [187-3.] 2 En-j6!n'ment, n. Direction, com- mand. En- joy (en-jde'), v. t. To feel with pleasure; to delight in; to please. [364-3.] *En-joy-a-ble (en-jSe'a^bl), a. Capable of being enjoyed. En-joy-ment (en-j6e'ment), n. Happiness, agreeable sensation ; pleasure. En-kin-dle (en-kin'dl), v. t. To set on fire ; to inflame. En-kin'dling, p. prs. En-large (en-larje'), v. t. To make greater ; to amplify ; to increase ; to extend : — v. i., to expatiate ; to speak in many words. *En-lar'ging, p. prs. *En-large-ment (en-larje'ment), n. Increase ; augmentation ; ex- pansion; release from confine- ment. *En-light-en (Sn-ll'tn), v. t. To illuminate; to instruct. [96-24.] [258-4.] *En-light-en-er (en-ll'tn r ur), n. One who or that which enlightens. En-link (en-l!ngk'), v. t. To chain to ; to bind. 3 En-l!st', v. t. To enter into mili- tary service ; to enroll ; to unite firmly to a cause. a EN-LisT r MENT, n. The act of en- listing or enrolling. En-li-ven (en-li'vn), v. t. To make alive, sprightly, or active ; to animate. *En-mi-ty (en'me x t&), n. State of opposition ; hatred ; hostility ; unfriendly disposition. En'mi x ties, n. pi. *En-ne-a-gon (eVne-a x g6n or Sn- ne'a N g6n), n. A plane figure having nine sides ; a nonagon. En-no-ble (en-n6'bl), v. U To dignify ; to make noble. *En-no'bling, p. prs. *En-no-ble-ment (en-n6'brme'nt), n. Exaltation, elevation. *En-o-da-tion f en-6-da'shun), n. The act of untying a knot; solu- tion of a difficulty. E-nor-mi-ty (e-n6r'meHe), n. De- viation from rule; an atrocious crime; great depravity. [260.] *E-nor'mi v ties, n. pi. E-nor-mous (e-noVmus), a. Irreg- ular ; out of rule ; very great or wicked; excessive. [264-21.] [56-9.] E-nor-mous-ly (e-n6Ymus v le), ad. Beyond measure. *E-nor-mous-ness (e-n6r'mus- N nes), n. Immeasurable wicked- ness or excess ; atrociousness. *E-nough (e-nuf), a. Being in a sufficient measure ; satisfying : — n., sufficiency, plenty : — ad., in a sufficient degree. En-quire. See inquire. En-rage (en-raje'), v. t. To irri- tate ; to provoke to madness. En-ra'ging, p. prs. En-rank (en-rangk'), v. t. To place in ranks or order. En-rap-ture (e'n-rap'tshur), v. t. To transport with pleasure; to enchant. [110-3.] En-rap'tu^ring, p. prs. a EN-RAv'isH, v. t. [prs. t. 3, en- ravishes.] To throw into ecs- tasy; to enrapture. [delight. 2 En-raV1sh x ment, n. Ecstasy of En-rich (en-rltsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, enriches.] To make wealthy; to fertilize. *En-rich-ment (e'n-ritsh'me'nt), n. Augmentation of wealth ; in- crease of fertility. En-ridge (en-ridje'), v. t. To form into ridges. *En-ridg'ing, p. prs. En-ri-pen (en-ri'pn), v. t. To ripen. En-robe (en-r6be'), v. t. To dress; to clothe. En-ro'bing, p. prs. *En-roll (en-r61e'), v. t. To in- sert in a roll or register; to wrap around. En-roll'ing, p. prs. *En-roll'ed, p. prf. -•sEn-bol-ment 1 (Sn-rdle'mint), En-roll-ment J v ; ' n. A register ; a record. En-root (en-r66f), v. t. To plant deeply. En-sam-ple (en-sam'pl), n. An example. En-san-guine (e ! n-san'gwin), v. t. To smear with blood. 179 ENT EXT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, ENIT ^En-san'guin^ing, p. pre. En-sconce (en-sk&nse'), v. t. To cover, as with a fort; to shelter. *En-scon'cing, p. prs. En-seal (^n-seel r ), v. U To seal. En-seam (en-seem')> v. t. To sew up. En-sear (£n-seer')> v. t. To sear ; to cauterize. *En-shield (gn-sheeld'), v. t. To cover ; to shield. s En-shr1ne', v. t. To preserve a thing sacred ; to enclose in a shrine. En-shri'ning, p. prs. *EN-si-FORM(e : n'se v f3rm),a.Sword En-sign (en'slne), n. The flag or standard of a regiment; mark of distinction; the officer who carries the flag. En-sign-c y (eVsin^e* or eVsine^se), n. The office or rank of an ensign. ^En'signVies, n. pi. En-slave (£n-slave'), v. t. To re- duce to servitude; to deprive of liberty ; to subject. En-sla'ving, p. prs. En-slave-ment (^n-slave'me'nt), n, The state of servitude; slavery. En-snare'. See insnare. *En-sphere (en-sfere'), v. f. To place in a sphere. En-sphe'ring, p. prs. En-stamp^ n-stamp'),i\£. To stamp. *En-sue (Sn-su'), v. t. To fol- low ; to pursue : — v. i., to suc- ceed. [150.]f *En-su'ing, p. prs. En-su-rance. See insurance. En-sure (e'n-shure'), v. t. To as- certain, make certain ; to secure. En-su-ring, p. prs. En-tab-la-ture (Sn-tab'laHure), n. The architrave, frieze, and cornice of a pillar. *En-tail (en-tale'), n. An estate limited to certain heirs ; a rule of descent : — v. t., to settle the descent of an estate. 180 En-tan-gle (6n-tang'gl), v. t. To in wrap, insnare ; to confuse; to perplex. [334-15.] *En-tan'gling, p. prs. *En-tan-gle-ment (e'n-tang'gl- x ment), n. Intricacy, perplexity. En-ter (en'tur), v. t. To go or come into any place ; to initiate ; to set down in writing : — v. i., to penetrate mentally ; to be initi- ated, (ap. p. — on, upon, into.) *En-ter-prise (en'tur v prlze), n. An adventure; an undertaking of hazard [267] : — v. t., to un- dertake ; to attempt. *En'ter x pri-sing, p. prs. En-ter-tain (^n-tur-tane'), v. t. To converse with; to treat; to receive hospitably; to amuse; to divert. [17-35.] [164-24.] *En-ter-tain-ment (^n-tur-tane'- me'nt), n. Conversation ; treat- ment at the table; amusement; diversion. [83-8.] [276-18.] *En-thrall. See inthrall. En-throne (Sn-^r&ne'), «. t. To place on a regal seat ; to exalt. *En-thro'ning, p. prs. En-thu-si-asm (e'n-^uWazm or £n-^u'zhe x azm), n. Heat of im- agination ; exaltation of ideas ; ardent zeal. [36.] *En-thu-si-ast (e'n-^u'ze^ast or £n- prf. En-treat (Sn-treef), v. t. To pe- tition: to solicit; to beg earnestly. En-treat-y (e'n-tre'te), n. Petition, prayer, solicitation. [114-22.] En-treat'ies, n. pi. *En-tree (&ng-tra'), n. Entry. En-try (en'tre), n. Passage; en- trance ; ingress ; act of record- ing ; an account recorded. *En'tries, n. pi, 2 En-tw1ne', ) ± m . j 3 EN-TWisT', } V ' L T ° tW1St ar0UD( *- E-nu-cle-ate (e-nu'kle v ate), v. t. To explain ; to solve. ENV EPr nor, n6t — tribe, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. EPI *E-nu'cle x a-ting, p. prs. •E-nu'mer^Ite, v. t. To reckon up singly; to count; to number. [133-6.] [253-4.] *E-nu'mer\v.-ting, p. prs. E-nu-mer-a-tion (e^u-mSr-a'- shdn), n. The act of counting; a numbering. E-nu-mer-a-tive (e-nu , me ! r-aHiv), a. Reckoning up. E-nun-ci-ate (e-ndn'sbe x ate), v. t. To utter distinctly ; to express ; to declare, proclaim. E-nun'ci x a-ting, p. prs. *E-nun-ci-a-tion (e^nun-she-a'- shun), n. Declaration; manner of utterance,expression. [345-26.] *E-nun-ci-a-tive (e-nu.n'she ; -a- ^tiv), a. Declarative, expressive. En-ure. See inure. *En-yel-op (e'n-vel'up), v. t. To inwrap ; to cover by wrapping. [67-3.] [259-15.] En-vel-op (Sn-vSl'dp), j *En-ve-lope ( x 6n-ve-16pe'), J A wrapper ; an outward case. *EN-VEL-OP-MENT(e , n-veVup v me : nt) n. Entanglement ; a wrapping. En-yen-om (Sn-veVum), v. t. To poison ; to taint *En-vi-a-ble (eVve^a-bl), a. De- serving envy ; desirable. En-yi-er (eVveNir), n. One who envies. En-vi-ous (e^'veNis), a. Infected with envy, jealous, (ap.p. — of, at.) *Ex-vi-ors-LY (eVve v us-le), ad. With envy. *En-yi-ron (£n-vi'run), v. t. To surround ; to envelop. *En-yi-rons (en-vi'runz or eVv&- V6nz), n. pi. Neighborhood, places lying around. En-yoy (en'vde), n. A public minister sent to a foreign court; an ambassador. Es-yy (en've), v. t. To hate an- other for excellence or success ; to grieve at excellence in an- other ; to grudge : — v, i., to feel envy: — >»., pain excited by an- other's excellence or happiness ; rivalry; ill-will. [234-13.] *En'yies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *En'vi-ed, p. prf. En-wrap. See inwrap. E-o-li-an-Harp. See ^olian- HARP. E-pact (e'pakt), n. The excess of the solar year or month above the lunar. *Ep-AP-LET(§p'aw x llt), n. A mili- tary shoulder-ornament. *E-phem-e-ra (e-f§m'eVa), n. A fever that terminates in one day ; an insect that lives only one day. E-phem-e-ral (e-feWeYal), ) E-phem-e-ric (e-fem'e v rik), J a ' Diurnal, beginning and ending in a day; short-lived. [56-25.] *E-phem-e-ris (e-fem'eMs), n. A journal; an account of the daily motions of the planets. *Eph-e-mer-i-des ( x ef-e-meVe- Mees), n. pi. E-phem-e-rist (e-fem'e'rist), n. One who consults the planets. *E-phem-e-ron (e-fein'eY6n), n. An insect of a day. [91-16.] E-PHEirVRA, n.pl. See ephemera. *Eph-od (ef 6d), n. An ornament worn by the Hebrew priests. Ep-ic (ep'ik), a. Comprising nar- rations, usually heroic: — n., a heroic poem.f *Ep-i-ce-di-um: ( N ep-e-se'de'um), n. An elegy, a poem upon a funeral. Ep-i-cure (ep'e^kure), ft. A man given wholly to luxury; a sen- sualist. *Ep-i-cu-re-an fep-e-ku-r&'an), n. A follower of Epicurus ; one devoted to pleasure : — a., luxu- rious, sensual.f Ep-i-cu-re-an-ism pe'p-e-ku-re'- an'izm or x ep-e-ku're-an x lzm), n. The philosophy of Epicurus ; in- dulgence in pleasure. Ep-i-cu-rism (ep'e-kuVizm), n. Luxury, sensual enjoyment 16 *Ep-i-cy-cle (ep'esi-kl), n. A circle whose centre is in the cir- cumference of a greater. *Ep-i-dem-ic ( N ep-l-dem'ik), Ep-i-dem-i-cal pe'p-e-dein'e'kal), a. Common to many people ; generally prevailing; universal.* — n., a disease generally pre- vailing. *Ep-i-der-mis fep-e-deVmis), n. The scarf-skin of man. *Ep-i-glot-tis (^p-e-g^t'tis), n. A cartilage which prevents food from entering the larynx. Ep-i-gram (eV^gram), n* A short, pointed poem.f Ep-i-gram-mat-ic ( x ep-£-gram- mat'ik), a. Epigrammatical. *Ep-i-gram-mat-i-cal ( r ep-e-gram mat'e v kal), a. Belonging to epi- grams ; pointed. Ep-i-gram-ma-tist fep-e-gram'- maHlst), n. A writer of epigrams. *Ep-i-graph (Sp'e^graf), n. An inscription on a building, p. prf. *Es-quire (es-kwlre' or eVkwlre), n. A title of a public officer or a gentleman; an attendant on a knight : — v. t. f to attend on. Es-QUi'ring, p. pre. 184 Es-say (es'sa), n. An attempt, en- deavor; a short treatise; a tract a trial, an experiment. [223-10.] Es-say (es-sa'), v. t. To attempt. *Es-say-ist (es'salst or es-sa/ist) ; n. One who writes essays [163-18.] *Es-sence (es'sense), n. Exist- ence; constituent qualities; per- fume, odor [227-4]:— v. L, to perfume, to scent. *Es'sen x cing, p. pr8. Es-sen-tial (es-sen'shal), a. Im portant, necessary, principal ; pure ; highly rectified [334-8] : — w., constituent principle, •ele- ment; the chief point. *Es-sen-tial-ly (es-sen'shafle), ad. Necessarily; in an essen- tial manner. [180-4.] 2 Es-tab'l1sh, v. t. [prs. t. 3, es- tablishes.] To settle or build firmly; to fix; to constitute. [35 r 16.] [224-7.] 2 Es-tab'lish x ment, n. Settlement, fixed state ; income ; an institu- tion, public or private. [63.] 2 Es-tate', n. A class of the body politic; condition of life; for- tune ; possession in land ; qual- ity. [99.] [221-1.] 2 Es-teem', v. t. To value; to hold in opinion ; to prize ; to regard : — n., high value; estimation. Es-thet-ics. See ^esthetics. *Es-ti-ma-ble (es'te N ma-bl), a. Valuable ; worthy of esteem. Es-ti-mate (es'te^mate), v. t. To rate; to adjust the value of. [87-38.] Es'ti^ma-ting, p. prs. Es-ti-mate (es'te^mit), n. Value; computation, calculation ; re- gard, {ap. p. — at.) [66-33.] Es-ti-ma-tion ( x es-te>ma'shtin), n. The act of estimating; opinion; calculation ; esteem ; regard. [221-9.] *"Es-ti-ma-tor (es'te^ma-tur), n. One who estimates. Es-ti-val (eVteVal), a. Pertain- ing to the summer. Es-trange (es-tranje'), v. t. To withdraw; to alienate; to make a stranger to. (ap. p. — from.) Es-tran'ging, p. prs. Es-trange-ment (es-tranje'ment), n. Alienation, reserve. *Es-tray (es-tra'), n. A beast gone astray. *Es-tu-a-ry (es'tshu x a-re), n. An arm of the sea, where the tide meets a current of fresh water; a frith ; an inlet. *Es'tu x a-rie.s, n. pi. Es-tu-ate (es'tshu^ate), v. i. To swell and fall alternately; to boil. Es'tu v a-ting, p. prs. *Etch (etsh), v. t. [jyrs. t. 3, etches.] To engrave on metal by means of acid; to delineate. Etch'ing, p. prs. : — n., an etched plate, or an impression from it. x E-ter'nal, a. Without begin- ning or end ; infinite in dura- tion ; everlasting; an appella- tion of God. E-ter-nal-ly (e-ter'naPle), ad. Without beginning or end. *E-ter-ni-ty (e-ter'neHe), n. Du- ration without end. [1.65-15.] [23-40.] •^E-ter'nIze, v. t. To make end- less or eternal. E-ter'ni x zing, p. prs. E-ther (e'^er), n. An element more subtle than air, supposed to fill all space; a volatile, in- flammable fluid. [183-19.] *E-the-re-al (e-^e're^al), ) E-the-re-ous (e-^eWus), j a ' Formed of ether ; heavenly. E-the-re-al-ize (e-*Ae'r£-arize), v. t. To render spiritual. E v the-re-al-i'zing, p. prs. *E-ther-i-za-tion (e^Aer-e-za'- shun), n. The act of etherizing. E-ther-ize (e'^eVlze), v. t. To fill or impregnate with ether, * V E-THER-l'ziNG, p. prs. EUL EVA n6r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, THis. EVE Eth-ic (&A'lk), \ n *Eth-i-cal (teh'&k&l), J Moral, treating on morality. *Eth-ics (eth'iks), n. pi. The science of morals ; moral philos- ophy. [84-7.] [349-26.] Eth-nic (eWnik), ) Eth-nic-al (&h'n\k^\), j a ' Relating to the races of man- kind ; pagan. Eth-nog-ra-pher (e^-n6g'ra x far), n. One versed in ethnography. Eth-nog-ra-phy (e7/i-n&g'ra N fe), n. A description of human races. *Eth-nol-o-gist (e^-nol'6 v jlst), n. One versed in ethnology; an ethnographer. Eth-nol-o-gy (e7&-n61'6 x je), n. The science of the origin and relation of human races. *E-ti-o-late (e'te-6Hate), v. t. To whiten by excluding the sun. E'ti-o v la-ting, p. prs. *Et-i-quette ( x 6t-e-k6t')> n. The polite form or manner of action. *Et-y-mo-log-i-cal (Nk-e-m6-l&j'- e v kal), a. Relating to etymology. Et-y-mol-o-gist ( v et-e-mol'16 v jlst), n. One versed in etymology. Et-y-mol-o-gy (^et-e-m61'15^), n. That part of philology which treats of the descent or deriva- tion of words. *'Et-y-moi/o n gies, n. pi. *Et-y-mon (et'e N m6n), n. A prim- itive word ; a radical word. *Eu-cha-rist (yu'kaMst), n. The sacrament of the Lord's Supper. Eu-cha-ris-tic fyu-ka-ris'tik), a. Relating to the eucharist. Eu-di-om-e-ter fyu-de-ftm'eHur), n. An instrument used to as certain the purity of gases. Eu-lo-gist (yu'16 v jist), n. One who praises. *Eu-lo-gi-um (yu-l&'je^um), n. Eulogy. [150-11.] [163-10.] Eu-lo-gize (yu'16 v jize), v. t. To praise; to commend. [379-19.] \Eu-lo-gi'zing, p. prs. Eu-lo-gy (yu'16 x je), n. Praise, encomium, panegyric. *Eu'lo n gies, n. pi. Eu-phon-ic (yu-f6n'lk), a. Sound- ing agreeably. *Eu-pho-ni-ous (yu-f6 A ne x us), a. Harmonious; euphonic. Eu-pho-nism (yu'f6 v nizm), \ *Eu-pho-ny (yuWne), J n ' Agreeable sound. ^Ed'phoVies, n. pi. *Eu-roc-ly-don (yu-r6k'leMSn), n. A tempestuous northeast wind. *"Eu-rus (yu'rus),??. The east wind. *'Eu-than-a~sy (yu-£7*an'a N se), n. An easy death. E-vac-tj-ate (e-vak'u'ate), v. t. To make empty ; to free from. E-vac'u x a-ting, p. prs. E-vac-u-a-tion (eVak-u-a'shun), n. Discharge, withdrawal. E-vade (e-vade'), v. t. To elude; to avoid ; to escape. E-va'ding, p. prs. *Ev-a-ga-tion fev-a-ga'shtin), n. The act of wandering, deviation. *Ev-A-NES-CENCE( x ev-a-neysense), n. A gradual vanishing. [21.] Ev-A-nes-cent (^ev-a-nes'sent), a. Vanishing, passing away. Ev-AN-GEL-i-cAL( x ev-an-jel'e v kal), a. Agreeable to Gospel. *E-van-ge-lism (e-van'jeHlzm), n. The preaching of the Gospel. E-van-ge-list (e-van'ge'list), n. One of the writers of the Gos- pel ; a preacher of the Gospel. *E-van-ge-lize (e-van'je^ize), v.t. To instruct in the Gospel. E-van'ge n li-zing, p. prs. E-vap-o-ra-ble (e-vap'6 v ra-bl), a. Capable of being converted into vapor; vaporable. E-vap-o-rate (e-vap'6 N rate), v. i. To pass off in vapor : — v. t., to disperse or convert into vapor. E-VAP'0 X RA-TING, p. prs. E-VAP-o-RA-TiON(eVap-6-ra'shun) n. The conversion of a fluid into vapor. 16* E-vap-o-ra-tive (e-vap'o-ra tiv), a. Producing evaporation. •*E-va-sion (e-va/ztmn), n. Ex- cuse, sophistry, artifice. &E-va-sive (e-va'siv), a. Prac- ticing evasion, elusive. f Eve (eev), n. The close of the day; the time just preceding an event. E-ven (e'vn), a. Level ; uniform \ equal ; smooth ; calm : — n., the close of the day : — v. t., to make even ; to make level : — ad., like- wise; still; verily. *E-ven-er (e'vn^ur), n. One who or that which makes even. E'ven'ing, p. prs. : — n., the close of the day. E-ven-hand-ed ( y e-vn-hand'6d), a. Impartial, equitable. E-ven-ly (e'vn x le), ad. Equally; smoothly; impartially. *E-ven-ness (^vn x nes), n. The state of being even ; uniformity ; calmness. E-ven-tide (e'vnHide), n. The time of evening. E-vent (&-vent'), n. An incident ; a thing that happens; conse- quence ; conclusion. *E-vent-ful (e-vent'fiil), a. Full of events. [68.] [384-7.] E-vent-u-al (£-v£n'tshu x al), a. Consequential ; ultimate. *E-VENT-u-AL-i-TY(eVen-tshu-al A - eHe), n. The faculty which notes events. *E-vent-tj-AL-ly (^-veVtshu^al- le), ad. In the event, ultimately. *E-vent-tj-ate (e-ven'tshu v ate), v. i. To issue ; to terminate. E-vent'u v a-ting, p. prs. Ev-er (eVur), ad. At any time ; forever; always. *Ev-er-glade (eVur^glade), n. A marshy, grassy tract of country. Ev-er-green (ev'ur^green), n. A plant that retains its verdure throughout the year: — a., ver- dant throughout the year. 185 EVI EXA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, mSve, EXC Ev-er-last-ing fev-ur-last'ing), a. Enduring without end, per- petual : — n., eternity. Ev-ER-LAST-ING-LY ( V eV-Ur-last'- lng x le),ad. Eternally,without end. Ev-er-last-ing-ness (^ev-ur-last'- ing^nes), n. Eternity, perpetuity. Ev-er-liv-ing Oev-ur-livlng), a. Living without end. Ev-er-more ( N ev-ur-m6re'), ad. Always, eternally. E-vert (e-verf), v. t. To overthrow. Ev-er-y (eVnrVe), a. Each one of all, separately considered. Ev-er-y-day (ev'ur-reda), a. Usual, common, happening daily. ^Ev-ER-Y-WHEREfev'ur-re^hware), ad. In every place. E-vict (£-vlkf), v. t. To take away by a sentence of law. E-vic-tion (e-vik'shun), n. Dis- possession by legal process. *Ev-i-dence (eVeMense), n. The state of being evident ; witness ; testimony [27-8] : — v. t., to show, to prove, to make evident. [67-7.] *Ev'i v den-cing, p. prs. Ev-i-dent (ev'&Ment), a. Plain, apparent. [70-5.] *Ev-i-den-tial ( v ev-e-den'shal), a. Affording testimony. Ev-i-dent-ly (eVe x dent-le), ad. Apparently, clearly. [67-4.] E-vil (e'vl), a. [worse — worst.] Wicked, corrupt, not good : — n., wickedness, corruption; disease; calamity: — ad., not well; inju- riously. E-vil-ly (e'vll x le), ad. [worse — worst.] In an evil manner; wickedly ; not well. E-vil-ness (e'vl x nes), n. Contrari- ety to goodness; badness. E-viL-SPEAK-iNG( v e-vl-speek'lng), n. Slander, defamation. t E-vince (e-vinse'), v. t. To* prove, to show ; to make manifest. f E-vin'cing, p. pr8. *E-vin-ci-ble (e-vln'se^bl), a. Capable of proo£ 186 *E-vin-cive (e-vln'siv), a. Tend- ing to prove. *E-vis-cer-ate (£-vis'seYate), v. t. To deprive of entrails. E-vis'cer^a-ting, p. prs. *Ev-i-ta-ble (ev'eHa-bl), a. Ca- pable of being avoided. Ev-o-ca-tion (^ev-6-ka'shun), n. A calling out or forth. E-voke (e-v6ke')> v. U To call forth or out. E-vo'king, p.pr8. Ev-o-la-tion ( x ev-o-la'shun), n. The act of flying away. E-volve (e-v61v'), v. t. To un- fold ; to expand ; to emit : — v. i., to open or disclose itself. *E-volv'ing, p. prs. Ev-o-lu-tion ( x ev-6-lu'shun), n. The act of unfolding or display- ing; the motions of troops. [66-25.] *Ev-o-lu-tion-a-ry fev-d-lu'- shun x a-re), a. Relating to evo- lutions. *E-vul-sion (e-vxll'shun), n. The act of plucking out. *Ewe (yu), n. The female sheep. *Ew-er (yu/iir), n. A kind of pitcher. *Ex-a-cer-bate (egz-as'eVbate or x egz-a-seVbate), v. t. To exas- perate; to irritate. Ex-a'cer v ba-ting, p. prs. *Ex-a-cer-ba-tion (Igz^as-er-ba'- shun), n. Exasperation; in- crease of severity. Ex-act (egz-akf), «• Nice; care- ful; formal; accurate; strict: — v. t., to extort ; to require ; to demand of right : — v. i., to prac- tice extortion. *Ex-act-er (egz-akt'ur), n. One who exacts. *Ex-ac-tion (egz-ak'shun), n. Ex- tortion, unjust demand. Ex-act-ly (egz-akt'le), ad. Ac- curately, nicely. [328.] Ex-act-ness (egz-akt'nes), n. Accuracy, nicety. Ex-ag-ger-ate (egz-aj'eYate), v. U To heighten by representation; to enlarge beyond the truth. [127-26.] *Ex-ag'ger\i-ting, p. prs. Ex-ag-ger-a-tion (egz^aj-er-a'- shun), n. The act of heaping together; a statement beyond the truth. Ex-alt (egz-alf), v. t. To raise on high; to extol; to magnify. [85-8.]f Ex- AL-TA-TiONfegz-al-ta'shun ), n. The act of raising on high ; ele- vation; state of greatness or dignity. Ex-ALT-ED-NESsfegz-alt'ed x nes),n. State of being exalted. *"Ex-am-i-na-tion (egz x am-e-na'- shun), n. The act of examining; search or inquiry ; scrutiny. Ex-am-ine (egz-am'in), v. t. To ask questions ; to interrogate ; to sift ; to search into, to scrutinize. Ex-am'in^ing, p. prs. Ex-am-i-ner (e'gz-am'e^nur), n. One who interrogates or searches into. Ex-am-ple (egz-am'pl), n. Copy or pattern ; something to be imi- tated; precedent; former in- stance ; illustration. [56-5.] [383-20.] Ex-an-i-mate (egz-an'e v mit), a. Lifeless, dead, spiritless. Ex-an-i-ma-tion (egz x an-e-ma'- shun), n. Deprivation of life. Ex-as-per-ate (egz-as'peVate), v. t. To provoke ; to enrage ; to irritate ; to excite. *EX-AS'PER X A-TING, p. pr8. Ex-as-per-a-tion (egz r as-per-a'- shun), n. Aggravation; provo- cation, anger. *Ex-can-des-cence ( v eks-kan- des'sense), n. A great heat ; anger. Ex-can-des-cent ('eks-kan-deY- sent), a. Very hot; having a white heat. EXC EXC nSr, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. EXC Ex-ca-vate (eks'kaVate), v. t. To hollow j to cut into hollows ; to dig out the inner part. *Ex'ca v va-ting, p. prs. Ex-ca-va-tion ( x eks-ka-va'shun), n. The act of making hollow; the hollow formed ; a cavity. Ex-ceed (Sk-seed'), v. t. To go beyond; to excel, surpass; to outdo : — v. u, to go too far; to go beyond limits. Ex-ceed'ing, p. prs. : — a., great. *Ex-ceed-ing-ly (ek-seed'lngle), ad. To a great degree. *Ex-cel (Sk-sel'), v. t. To outdo ; to surpass : — v. t., to have good qualities ; to be eminent. [72-18.] [244-4.] Ex-cei/ling, p. prs. *Ex-cell'ed, p. prf. Ex-cel-lence (£k'seT13nse), n. Dignity, high rank ; worth, good quality. [134-29.] [214-3.] *Ex-cel-len-cy (£k'seTlen-se), n. Great value, excellence; a title of honor. ~Ex'cel v len-cies, n. pi. Ex-cel-lent (Sk'seTlent), a. Of great worth; good; meritorious; valuable. Ex-CEL-LENT-LY(§k , s§nint-le),ac?. Well in a high degree. Ex-cept (£k-sept')> v. t. To leave out; to exempt [330-2] : — v. i., to object, to make objections : — prp. f exclusively of ; but: — con. d. f unless. *Ex-cep-tion (&k-s£p'shun), n, A thing excepted ; objection, (ap. p. — from, to, against.) Ex-cep-tion-a-ble (^k-sep'shun- x a-bl), a. Liable to objection. Ex-CEP-TioN-AL(£k-sep'shun v al),ct. Implying exceptions. *Ex-cep-tious (ek-sep'shus), a. Peevish, apt to cavil. Ex-cep-tive (e'k-se'p'tlv), a. In- cluding an exception. *Ex-cept-or (ek-sept'ur), n. An objector. Ex-cern (^k-seW), v. t. To strain out. [age extracted, *Ex-cerpt (ek'serpt), n. A pass- Ex-CERPTS', ) ; Ex-cerp'ta, J ' P ' Ex-cess (ek-seV), n. More than enough; superfluity; intemper- ance ; extravagance. [17-16.] [280-16.] *Ex-cess'es, n. pi. Ex-ces-sive (ek-ses'siv), a. Be- yond due bounds ; extreme ; ve- hement. [283-18.] Ex-ces-sive-ly (£k-seVsiv x le), ad. Exceedingly, extravagantly Ex-change (e^ks-tshanje'), v. t. To give and take reciprocally ; to change,tobarter[101-4][172-22]: — n., the act of exchanging; bar ter; the difference between the value of money in two places ; the place where merchants meet. [101-10.] [201-16.] Ex-chan'ging, p. prs. *Ex-change-a-bil-i-ty (5ks- Hshanje-a-bil'eHe), n. The state of being exchangeable. *Ex-change-a-ble (£ks-tshanje'- a x bl), a. Capable of being ex- changed. *Ex-cheq-tter (eks-tshlk'tir), n. In England, a court to which are brought all revenues belonging to the crown. Ex-cise (ek-size'), n. A tax levied upon domestic commodities : — v. t., to levy a domestic tax. Ex-ci'sing, p. prs. *Ex-cise-man (ek-size'man), n. An officer who inspects and rates taxes on domestic manufactures. *Ex-cis-ion (ek-slzh'un), n. Ex- tirpation, destruction. *Ex-ci-ta-bil-i-ty (eVsl-ta-bll'- e N te), ». Capacity of being ex- cited. *Ex-ci-ta-ble (§k-sl'ta x bl), a. Capable of being excited. Ex-ci-ta-tion ( N ek-se-ta'shun), ». The act of exciting or rousing. Ex-cite (Sk-slte'), v. t. To rouse, to animate; to stir up. [21-19.] [288-11.] "^Ex-ci'ting, p. prs. Ex-cite-ment (ek-site r ment), n. State of being excited; any thing which excites ; sensation ; commotion. [72-21.] [357-1.] Ex-claim (eks-klame'), v. i. To cry out vehemently: — v. t., to cry out. Ex-cla-ma-tion ( x eks-kla-ma'- shun), n. Outcry, clamor ; a note indicating emotion; thus, [ ! ] [38-19.] *Ex-clam-a-tor-y (^ks-klanVa- Hur-re), a. Containing excla- mation. Ex-clude (Sks-klude'), v. t. To shut out ; to debar ; to expel ; to prohibit, {ap. p. — from.) Ex-clu'ding, p. prs. *Ex-clu-sion (eks-klu'zhun), n. The act of shutting out ; excep- tion ; rejection ; prohibition. [ap.p.— from.) [331-3.] Ex-clu-sive (eks-klu'siv), a. Having the power of excluding or denying admission ; except- ing; tending to exclude, (ap.p. —of.) [359-23.] Ex-clu-sive-ly (eks-khVsivMe), ad. Without admitting others. *Ex-cltj-sive-ness (eks-klu'slv- x n§s), n. State of being exclusive. Ex-cog-i-tate (e'ks-kSj 'estate), v. U To produce by thinking; to invent : — v. i., to think. *Ex-cog'iYa-ting, p. prs. Ex-com-mu-ni-cate f£ks-k6m- mu'ne v kate), v. t. To eject from church communion. a Ex-com-mu'ni\:a-ting, p. prs. Ex-com-mu-ni-cate ( x lks-k6ra- mu'ne^kit), a. Excluded from communion. Ex-com-mu-ni-ca-tion ( > eks-k6m- x mu-ne-ka'shiln)*. Exclusion from the communion of the church; an interdict of the church. 1ST EXC EXE Fate, far, fill, fat — me, rnet — pine, pin — no, m5ve, EXH Ex-co-ri-ate (£ks-k6're x ate), v. t. To flay; to strip off the skin. *Ex-co'ri x a-ting, p. prs. ^Ex-co-ri-a-tion (eks^k6-re-a'- shun), n. Loss of skin; the act of flaying. Ex-cor-ti-ca-tion (e^kflr-te-ka'- shun), n. The act of pulling off the bark. *Ex-cres-cence (eks-kreVse'nse), n. Protuberance ; growth con- trary to the natural order of pro- duction. *Ex-cres-cent (eks-kreVsent), a. Growing out; superfluous. *Ex-crete (£ks-krete'), v. t. To separate and throw off. Ex-cre'ting, p. prs. *Ex-cre-tion (dks-kre'shun), n. Separation and ejection of ani- mal substance. *Ex-cre-tive (£ks'kre N tlv or ^ks- kre'tiv), a. Tending to excrete. Ex-cre-to-ry (eks^kreHur-re or gks-kre'turVe), a. Throwing off useless matter. Ex-cru-ci-a-ble (£ks-kr66'she r a- bl), a. Liable to torment. Ex-cru-ci-ate (eks-kro&'sh^ate), v. t. To torment; to torture. *Ex-cru'ci v a-ting, p. prs. *Ex-cru-ci-a-tion (eks x kru-she- a'shun), n. Torment, torture. *Ex-cul-pa-ble (e'ks-kur'pa^bl), a. Capable of being exculpated. Ex-cul-pate (£ks-kul'pate), v. t. To clear from blame ; to excuse. ^Ex-cul'paVing, p. prs. Ex-cuL-PA-TiON( x £ks-kul-pa'shun) n. Vindication, excuse. *Ex-cul-pa-tor-y (eks-kul'pa- Hur-re), a. Clearing from blame. Ex-cur-sion (eks-kur'shun), n. A deviation from the regular path ; digression ; journey; tour. [72-21.] *Ex-cur-sive (e'ks-kur'slv), a. Rambling, wandering. Ex-eu-sA-BLE (eks-ku'za v bl), a. Pardonable. 188 *Ex-cu-sa-ble-ness (gks-ku'za- H>l-n£s), n. Pardonableness. *Ex-cu-sa-tor-y (eks-ku'za x tur- re), a. Pleading excuse. Ex-cuse (£ks-kuse')> n. That which pardons ; plea offered for neglect of duty. Ex-cuse (^ks-kuze')^ v. t. To ex- tenuate by apology ; to free from obligation ; to remit ; to pardon, to exempt. *Ex-cu'sing, p. prs. *Ex-e-cra-ble (ek'se r kra-bl), a. Hateful, detestable. [221-7.] Ex-e-cra-bly (ek'se v kra-ble), ad. Cursedly, abominably. Ex-e-crate (eVse'krate), v. t. To curse; to imprecate ill upon. *Ex'e v cra-ting, p. prs. Ex-e-cra-tion ( x ek-se-kra'shun), n. Curse, imprecation of evil. Ex-e-cute (£k'se'kiite), v. t. To carry into effect ; to perform ; to complete ; to put to death. [67-1.] Ex'e x cu-ting, p. prs. Ex-e-cu-ter ( x £ks-se-ku/ttir), n One who executes. Ex-e-cu-tion ( x ek-se-ku'shun), n. Performance ; seizure ; death in- flicted by forms of law. [277-9.] [105-15.] *Ex-e-cu-tion-er fe'k-se-ku/- shun^ur), n. One who puts to death by law. Ex-ec-u-tive (egz-ek'uHiv), a. Having the quality of carrying into effect; active; having the power to act: — n., the person or power that executes the law. *Ex-ec-u-tor (egz-3k'u v t&r), n. One who is intrusted to carry out the will of a testator. Ex-ec-u-tor-ship (e^gz-e^k'n-tur- ^shlp), n. The office of an executor. *Ex-ec-tj-tor-y (Sgz-Sk'uHur-re), a. Performing official duties. *Ex-ec-u-trix (egz-£k'u. x triks), n. A female executor. Ex-ec'u x trix-es, n.pl. *Ex-e-get-ic fegz-e-jetlk), a. Explanatory. Ex-em-plar (%z-3ui'plar), n. A pattern, an example. [67-27.] *Ex-em-pla-ri-ly (egz-£ni'plaYe- le), ad. In an exemplary manner. -Ex-em-pla-ry (egz'em A pla-re), a. Worthy of imitation ; serving to give warning to others. *Ex-em-pli-fi-ca-tion (egz^m- ple-fe-ka'shun), n. A copy; an illustration by example. [49.] Ex-em-pli-fy (egz-em'pleYl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, EXEMPLIFIES.] To illustrate by example; to copy. [198-23.] *Ex-em'pli n fi-ed, p. prf, Ex-empt (3gz-emf), v. t. To privi- lege ; to grant immunity from ; to free from [220-16] :— a., free by privilege ; not liable to ; clear of. [280-17.] *Ex-emp-tion (egz-eWshun), n. Immunity, privilege. *Ex-e-qua-tor feks-e-kwa'tur), n. A written recognition of a consul. *Ex-e-quies (^ks'e^kwlz^n.jo/. Fu- neral ceremonies ; obsequies. Ex-er-cise (eks'eVslze), n. Labor of the body ; habitual use ; task ; practice; performance [186] : — v. t., to employ; to train by use; to task; to practice or usa *Ex'er n ci-sing, p. prs. Ex-ert (£gz-ert'), v. t. To use with an effort ; to put forth. [134-24.] [314-14.] , *Ex-er-tion (egz-er'shun), n. The act of exerting ; effort. [54-14.] [317-1.] ^Ex-fo-li-ate (Sks-fo'le^ate), v. i. To shell off; to peel off. Ex-fo'li x a-ting, p. prs. *Ex-fo-li-a-tion (£ks v f6-le-a'- shiin), n. A scaling off. *Ex-ha-la-ble (£gz-ha'la N bl), a. Capable of being exhaled. -Ex-ba-la-tion ( x £ks-ha-la'shun), n. That which is exhaled; evap- oration, vapor. EXI EXO nor, not—tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — th'm, this. EXP Ex-hale (egz-hale')> v. t. To send out vapors : — v. i., to emit ; to fly off, as vapor. [25-6.] Ex-ha'ling, p. prs. Ex-hale-ment (egz-hale'ment), n. Matter exhaled, vapor. Ex-haust (egz-awsf), v. t. To drain ; to diminish ; to draw out, to empty. [64.] f *Ex-haus-ti-ble (egz-awst'e^bl), a. Capable of being exhausted. Ex-haus-tion (^gz-aws'tshun), n. The act of exhausting; state of being exhausted. Ex-haust-less (£gz-awst'les), a. Inexhaustible. Ex-hib-it (egz-lblt), v. t. To dis- play; to show; to offer. Ex-hib-it-er (egz-lblt x ur), n. One who exhibits. *Ex-hi-bi-tion ('eks-e-blsh'un), n. The act of exhibiting ; dis play; public show; an allowance. *Ex-hil-a-rate (egz-11'aVate), v. t. To enliven ; to make cheerful. Ex-hil'a v ra-ting, p. prs. Ex-hil-a-ra-tion (egzll-a-ra' shun), n. The act of making gay; buoyancy; hilarity. Ex-hort (egz-6rt'), v. t. To in cite to good; to persuade, f Ex-hor-ta-tion ( N egs-6r-ta'shun), n. The act of exhorting; in- citement to good; advice. [308-8.] *Ex-hor-ta-tive (egz-6r'ta v tiv), a. Containing exhortation. *Ex-hor-ta-tor-y (egz-dr'taHur- re), a. Tending to exhort. Ex-hort-er (egz-hdrt'ur), n. One who exhorts. *Ex-HiJ-MA-TiON( N eks-u-ma'shun), n. The act of disinterring. Ex-hume (e'ks-ume'), v. t. To un- bury; to disinter. Ex-hu'ming, p. prs. Ex-i-gence (eVse^jense), ) *Ex-i-gen-cy (ek'sejIn-seO, J n * Sudden occasion ; emergency ; pressing necessity ; demand. [320-14.] ExVgen-ces, ) j *EX'I V GEN-CIES, J n% P L Ex-i-gent (ekWjent), a. Press ing; requiring immediate ac- tion. [265-23.] Ex-ile (Iks'ile), n. Banishment; a person banished. [221-15.] Ex-ile (eg-zile' or eks-ile'), v. t. To banish; to drive from a country ; to expatriate. *Ex-i'ling, p. prs. Ex-ist (eg-zisf), v. i. To be ; to have existence ; to derive support. *Ex-ist-ence (eg-zist'e'nse), n. State of being; a being; dura- tion. [136-34.] Ex-iST-EXT(^g-zist / ent),a. In being. Ex-it (eks'it), n. Departure ; death. [217.] *Ex-o-dus (£ks'6 v dus), n. De parture ; the second book of Moses. Ex-on-er-ate (egz-&n'er x ate), v. t. To unload, disburden ; to clear ; to exculpate, to absolve. -Ex-on'er'a-ting, p. prs. Ex-on-er-a-tion (egz^6n-er-a/ shun), n. The act of disburden ing ; a freeing from a charge. *Ex-o-ra-ble (eks'd x ra-bl), a. To be moved by entreaty. *Ex-OR-Bi-TANCE(egz-or'be x tanse), n. Enormity; an extravagant demand. Ex-or-bi-tant (egz-6r'beHant), a. Enormous, excessive. [221-9.] Ex-or-cise (eks'6r N size), v. t. To expel evil spirits by the use of some holy name. *Ex'or x ci-sing, p. prs. *Ex-or-cism (eks'6r x sizm), n. The expulsion of evil spirits. Ex-or-di-al (egs-6r'de y al), a. In- troductory. Ex-or-di-um (Sgs-dr'de^um), n. A formal preface ; an introduction. ex-or;di;a, j n L Ex-OR'dIUMS, J r *Ex-os-se-ous (egz-osh'e'us), a. Wanting bones ; boneless. *Ex-ot-ic (egz-ot'ik), a. Foreign; not produced in our own country : — n. , a foreign plant. Ex-paxd (eks-pand'), v. t. To spread ; to lay open ; to dilate. [32-26.] *Ex-panse (eks-panse'), n. A wide extent ; the firmament. [98-1.] [183-28.] *Ex-pan-si-bil-i-ty (eksY&n-se- bil'le N te),«. Capacity of extension. Ex-pan-si-ble (eks-pan'se N bl), a. Capable of expansion. Ex-pan-sion (eks-pan'shun), n.The act of spreading out ; extent ; inflation of currency. [289-9.] Ex-pan-sive (eks-pan'siv), a. Having the power to expand. *Ex-pa-ti-ate (£ks-pa/she x ate), v. t. To range at large ; to en- large upon in language. [102^-39.] Ex-pa'ti n a-ting, p. prs. Ex-pa-tri-ate (eks-pa'tre x ate), v.t. To banish from one's country. Ex-pa'tri\l-ting, p. prs. *Ex-pa-tri-a-tion (Iks^pa-tre-a'- shun), n. Removal from one's country ; exile, banishment. Ex-pect (eks-pekf), v. t. To an- ticipate ; to wait for. *Ex-pect-ance (£ks-pekt'anse), *Ex-pect-an-cy (£ks-pekt'an x se), n. The act or state of expect- ing; hope. *Ex-pect-ant (eks-peld/ant), a. Waiting in expectation : — n., one who waits in expectation. Ex-PECT-A-Tioxfeks-pekt-a'shun), n. The act or state of expecting ; thing expected ; hope. [145-20.] -Ex-PEC-TO-RANT(eks-pekWrant) n. A medicine promoting expecto- ration: — a. causing expectoration. Ex-pec-to-rate (eks-pek't6Yate), v. t. To eject from the lungs. ! *Ex-pec'to^ra-tixg, p. prs. Ex-pec-to-ra-tion (eks x pek-t6- ra'shun), n. The act of dis- charging from the lungs ; matter so discharged. 1S9 EXP Fite, far, fill, fat- EXP -me, ine't — pine, pin- -n6, move, EXP Ex-pec-to-ra-tive (^ks-pSk'ti-ra- v tiv), a. Promoting expectoration. Ex-pe-di-ence (£ks-pe'de x ense), Ex-pe-di-en-cy (e^ks-pe'de'en-s^), n. Fitness ; propriety; advan- tage; use. Ex-pe'di^en-ces, \ ? *Ex-pe'di v en-cies, J n ' pc ' Ex-pe-di-ent (Sks-pe'de^nt), a. Eit, suitable, proper, useful : that which helps forward ; means to an end; device. [202-17.] *Ex-pe-di-ent-ly (^ks-p^'de^nt le), ad. Fitly, suitably, conve- niently. Ex-pe-dite (£ks'pe x dlte), v. t. To facilitate; to hasten; to render easy. *Ex'pe v di-ting, p. prs. Ex-pa-DiTE-LY (eks'peMlte-le), ad, With quickness or despatch. Ex-pe-di-tion feks-pe-dish'un), n. Speed, activity; a military or naval enterprise. Ex-PE-Di-Tious( v ^ks-pe-dlsh'us),a. Prompt, speedy, quick, swift. *Ex-PE-DI-TIOUS-LY fekS-pC- dlsh , us x le),oo?.Speedily,promptly. Ex-pel (£ks-peT), v. t. To drive out; to banish, (ap.p. — from.) [65-24.] Ex-pel'ling, p. prs. *Ex-pell'ed, p. prf. Ex-pend (e'ks-pe'nd'), v. t. To lay out; to spend; to waste. *Ex-pen-di-ture (e'ks-peVde- N tshure), n, Amount expended ; the cost. Ex-pense (£ks-pense'), ». Cost, charges. [384.] *Ex-pense-less (e'ks-pense'les), a. Without cost. Ex-pen-sive (Sks-pen'slv), a. Ex- travagant ; given to expense ; costly, high-priced. Ex-pen-sive-ly (eks-peVslv^le), ad. With great expense. Ex-pen-sive-ness (e'ks-pen'siv- Ws), n. Extravagance; cost- liness. 190 *Ex-pe-ri-ence (eks-pe're^nse),«. Practice ; frequent trial ; knowl- edge gained by trial [247-12] [82-18] : — v. t., to practice ; to know by practice. [358-15.] [81-31.] *Ex-pe'ri^en-cing, p. prs. Ex-per-i-ment (£ks-per'e x ment), n. Trial of any thing, test; an act to prove some truth [230-28] [50-35] : — v. t., to make ex- periment. Ex-per-i-ment-al (eWpe'r-e- m^nt'al), a. Pertaining to ex- periment; based on experiment. *Ex-per-i-ment-al-ly (eks x per-e- ment'arie), ad. By experience. Ex-pert (eks-perf), a. Skilful: ready, dexterous, (ap. p. — in before an active participle, at before a noun.) [314-6.] Ex-pert-ly (eks-plrt'le), ad. In a skilful, ready manner. Ex-pert-ness (eks-pe'rt'n^s), n. Skill, dexterity, readiness. *Ex-pi-a-ble (eks'pe x a-bl), a. Capable of being expiated. Ex-pi-ate (eks'pe x ate), v. t. To atone for; to make reparation. ^Ex'pi^a-ting, p. prs. Ex-pi-a-tion ( N £ks-pe-a'shun), n. The act of expiating or atoning for crime. *Ex-pi-a-tor-y (eks'pe-a x tur-re or ^ks-pe-a'tur-re), a. Relating to expiation. *Ex-pi-ra-tion (^ks-pe-ra'shun), n. Respiration ; end ; death ; evaporation ; vapor. Ex-pire (§ks-pire'), v. t. To ex- hale ; to breathe out: — v. i., to die ; to breathe the last ; to come to an end. Ex-pir'ing, p. prs. Ex-plain (Iks-plane'), *>. t. To make plain ; to illustrate ; to clear up. [57.] Ex-plain-a-ble (eks-plane'a v bl), a. Capable of being explained ; definable; explicable. j *Ex-pla-na-tion feks-pla-na'- shun), n. The act of explaining or interpreting; illustration; sense explained, f *Ex-PLAN-A-TOR-Y(eks-plan'a > tur- re), a. Containing explanation. Ex-ple-tive (6ks'ple x tlv), n. A word not necessary to the sense, but used merely to fill a space. *Ex-ple-tor-y (eks'ple v tur-re), a. Filling up. [Explainable. Ex-pli-ca-ble (e'ks'ple'ka-bl), a. Ex-pli-cate (eks'ple v kate),v. t. To unfold ; to explain ; to show. *Ex'pli v ca-ting, p. prs. Ex-pli-ca-tion (Mks-ple-ka'shun), n. The act of unfolding or ex- plaining ; interpretation. Ex-pli-ca-tive (e'ks'pl^ka-tiv), a. Tending to explain. Ex-pli-cit (eks-plis'slt), a. Plain, direct, clear. *Ex-pli-cit-ly (Sks-plls'sltMe), ad. Plainly, directly. Ex-plic-it-ness (eks-pl!s'sit x n§s), n. The state of being explicit. Ex-plode (^ks-pl6de'), v. t. To drive out; to discard: — v. i., to make an explosion ; to burst. *Ex-plo'ding, p. prs. *Ex-ploit (eks-pl6it'), n. An achievement; a successful at- tempt ; a great deed. [68-25.] Ex-plo-ra-tion ( v £ks-pl6-ra'shun) n. Search, examination. *Ex-plor-a-tor-y (e'ks-pl&r'aHur- re), a. Searching, examining. Ex-plore (e'ks-plore'), v. t. To search into; to examine by trial. Ex-plor'ing, p. prs. Ex-plo-sion (£ks-pld'zhun), n. The act of exploding ; a sudden, loud discharge ; displosion. *Ex-plo-sive (e'ks-plo'siv), a. Driving out with noise and vio- lence; causing explosion. *Ex-po-nent (e'ks-po'ne'nt), n. A figure indicating the power; one who, or that which, stands as an index or representative. EXP EXS nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p6und— thin, THis. EXT Ex-port (5ks'p6rt), n. A com- modity sent out of a country. Ex-port (eks-p6rf), v. t. To carry out of a country. *Ex-port-a-ble (eks-p&rt r a N bl), a. Capable of being exported. Ex-PORT-A-TiON( N eks-p6rt-a'shun), *?. The act or practice of carry- ing merchandise into other countries. Ex-pose (^ks-p6ze*'), v. t. To lay open ; to make liable to ; to dis- close ; to put in danger, (ap. p. —to.) [189-13.] *Ex-po'sing, p. prs. *Ex-po-se ( v eks-p6-za'), n. An exposition; a formal explanation. *Ex-po-si-tion (^eks-p&-zlsh'un), n. An explanation, interpretation. Ex-pos-i-tive (eks-pSz'eHlv), *Ex-pos-i-tor-y (eks-p6z'e r tur-re) a. Explanatory. *Ex-pos-i-tor (eks-p&z'eHtir), n. One who explains ; an interpreter. Ex-pos-tu-late (eks-p6s'tshu- N late), v. i. To debate; to re- monstrate earnestly. [226-18.] Ex-pos'tu^la-ting, p. prs. Ex-pos-tu-la-tion (eks x p6s-tshu- la'shun), n. Debate; discussion without anger. *Ex-pos-tu-la-tor-y (eks-p&s'tu- la N tur-re), a. Containing expos- tulation. Ex-po-sure (eks-p&'zhur), n. The act of exposing; the state of be- ing exposed ; danger ; situation with respect to danger. Ex-pouni> (eks-p6und'), v. t. To clear ; to explain ; to interpret. Ex-pound-er (e'ks-pdund'ur), n. One who explains ; an interpreter. Ex-press (eks-preV), v. t. To represent; to utter, declare; to squeeze out : — a., resembling, exactly alike; clear, plain; for a particular end : — »., a mes- senger sent on purpose; a mes- sage sent. *Ex-press'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Ex-pres-si-ble (eks-pres'se y bl), a. Capable of being expressed. Ex-pres-sion (eks-pr£sh'un), n. The act or power of representing ; a phrase; mode of speech; the act of squeezing or forcing out ; appearance of the countenance. [122-10.] [297-24.] Ex-pres-sive (^ks-pres'siv), a. Serving to express ; emphatical. (ap. p. — of.) Ex-pres-sive-ly (eks-pres'slv^le), ad. In an expressive manner. Ex-pres-sive-ness (eks-pres'slv- N nes), 7i. The power of expression. Ex-press-ly (eks-preVle), ad. In direct terms ; plainly. *Ex-pugn (6ks-pune'), v. t. To conquer ; to take by assault. *Ex-pug-na-tion ( v eks-pug-na'- shun), n. Act of taking by assault. Ex-pul-sion (eks-pul'shun), n. The act of expelling; ejection. Ex-pul-sive (eks-pul'slv), a. Having the power of expulsion. Ex-punge (eks-punje'), v. U To blot or rub out ; to efface. *Ex-pun'ging, p. prs. Ex-pur-gate (eks-pur'gate or eks'pur N gate), v. U To cleanse ; to purify. Ex-pur' gating, p. prs. Ex-pur-ga-tion feks-pur-ga'- shun), n. Act of cleansing ; purification. *Ex-pur-ga-tor-y (e'ks-pur'ga- Hur-re), a. Cleansing; purifying. Ex-qui-site (§ks'kwe x zlt), a. Ex- cellent; complete; nice; refined [84-27] [273-3]:— n., a dandy. *Ex-qui-site-ly (eks'kweMt-le), ad. Perfectly, consummately. Ex-Qui-siTE-NESS(eks , kweMt-nes), n. Nicety, perfection. *Ex-sic-cant (ek-sik'kant), a. Drying. Ex-sic-cate (£k-sik'kate or Sks'- slk'kate), v. t. To dry. Ex-sic'ca x ting, p. prs. Ex-suc-tion (ek-suk'shun), n. The act of sucking out. Ex-sude. See exude. Ex-ta-sy. See ecstasy. Ex-tant (eks'tant or e'ks-tant' ), a. Standing out to view; now in being. Ex-tem-po-ral (eks-tem'p6-ral), a. Extemporary. *Ex-tem-po-ra-ne-ous (eksHem- po-ra'ne^us), a. Extemporary. Ex-tem-po-ra-ry (eks-tern'p6Ya- re), a. Uttered or performed without previous study or pre- meditation. *Ex-tem-po-re (eks-tem / p6Ve), ad. Without premeditation. *Ex-tem-po-rize (eks-tem'p6Ylze) v. i. To speak extempore, or without premeditation. Ex-tem'po x ri-zing, p. prs. Ex-tend (eks-tSnd'), v. t. To stretch out; to enlarge; to in- crease ; to expand. *Ex-tend-i-ble (eks-tend'e'bl), ) *Ex-ten-si-ble (eks-ten'se x bl), j a. Capable of being extended. Ex-ten-sion (Sks-ten'shun), n. The act of extending; state of being extended ; expansion. Ex-ten-sive (eks-ten'slv), a.Wide, large ; of great extent. Ex-ten-sive-ly (eks-ten'slv N le), ad. Widely, largely. *Ex-ten-sive-ness (eks-ten'slv- Yies), n. Largeness, wideness. Ex-tent (eks-tent'), n. Space or degree ; bulk ; compass. Ex-ten-u-ate (e'ks-teVu'ate), v. t. To lessen ; to palliate. *Ex-ten'u'a-ting, p. prs. Ex-ten-u-a-tion (eksHen-u-a'- shun), n m Palliation; mitiga- tion. [340-12.] *Ex-te-ri-or (eks-te'reMr), a. Outward, external : — n. f outward appearance. Ex-ter-mi-nate (eks-ter'me r nate), v. t. To root out; to destroy. Ex-TER'mI X NA-TING, p. prs. 191 EXT EXT Flte, far, fS.ll, fat — me, rn^t — pine, pin — n6, move, EXU Ex-ter-mi-na-tion (SksHer-me- na'shun), n. Destruction, ex- tirpation. Ex-ter-mi-na-tor (Sks-teYm^na- ttir), n. One who exterminates. *Ex-ter-mi-na-tor-y (e'ks-teVme- na'tur-re), a. Tending to exter- mination ; destroying. Ex-tern (e'ks-te'rn'), a. External, outward, exterior. Ex-ter-nal (6ks-teVnal), a. Out- ward; visible: — opposed to in- ternal. *Ex-ter-nal-ly (Sks-ter'naHe), ad. Outwardly. Ex-ter'nals, n. pi. Outward forms or appendages. *Ex-tinct (6ks-tlngkf), «. Ex- tinguished, put out; abolished. *Ex-tinc-tion (e : ks-tingk'shun), n. The act of quenching ; the state of being quenched ; destruction ; suppression. [133-10.] Ex-tin-guish (e : ks-ting / gwish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, extinguishes.] To put out ; to quench ; to destroy. [125.] [177.] *Ex-tin-guish-a-ble (£ks-ting'- gwish x a-bl), a. Capable of being extinguished. Ex-tin-guish-er (£ks-tlng'gwish x ur), n. The person who, or the thing which, extinguishes. Ex-tin-guish-ment (£ks-tlng'- gwlsh N m^nt), n. Extinction, sup- pression; abolition, destruction. Ex-tir-pate (e'ks-teVpate or §ks'- ter v pate), v. t. To root out; to destroy utterly ; to eradicate; to annihilate. [262-9.] #Ex'tir v pa-ting, p. pre. Ex-tir-pa-tion flks-te'r-pa'shtin), n. Destruction, etadication. *Ex-tir-pa-tor (£ks-teVpa v tur or 6ks'teVpa-tur), n. One who extirpates. *Ex-tol (eks-t61'), v. t. To mag- nify, praise, celebrate. *Ex-tol'ling, p. prs. *Ex-toll'ed, p. prf. 192 Ex-tort (e'ks-tSrt'), v. t. To draw by force ; to wrest ; to gain by violence; to exact: — v. i., to practice oppression. [246-5.] *Ex-tor-tion (§ks-t6Vshun), n. The act of gaining by violence ; oppression. *Ex-tor-tion-a-ry (e'ks-tSr'shun- v a-re), a. Partaking of extortion. Ex-tor-tion-ate (§ks-t6r'shunlt), a. Rapacious ; extortionary. Ex-tor-tion-er (^ks-t6r'shun r ur), n. One who practices extortion. Ex-tra (eks'tr&), a. Better than, over, above : verv excellent. Ex-tract (e'ks'trakt), n. A thing extracted; a quotation. [214-8.] *Ex-tract (Sks-traktf), v. t. To draw out of; to select. [78-23.] *Ex-trac-tion (e'ks-trak'shun), n. The act of drawing out; lineage, descent. Ex-trac-tive (§ks-trak'tiv), a. Tending to extract. *Ex-tra-di-tion ( x £ks-tra-dlsh'- un), n. Delivery of an accused person by one government to another having jurisdiction of the crime alleged. *Ex-tra-ne-ous (eks-tra'neNis), a. Belonging to a different sub- stance; foreign; extrinsic. *Ex-traor-di-na-ries (fiks-troV- de v na-rlz), n. pi. Things un- common. *Ex-traor-di-na-ri-ly (Sks-troV- de v na-re'le), ad. Not commonly ; remarkably. Ex-traor-di-na-ri-ness (e'ks- trSr'de-na-reWs), n. Uncom- monness ; remarkableness. *Ex-traor-di- na-ry (e'ks-trSr'de- r na-re), a. Different from com- mon order and method ; uncom- mon, remarkable, eminent. *Ex-trav-a-gance (e^ks-trav'a- v ganse), n. Irregularity ; wild- ness; waste; vain and super- fluous expense ; prodigality. [384-11.] Ex-TRAV-A-GANT(eks-trav'aVant), a. Excessive; irregular; waste- ful. [99-10.] [198-17.] Ex-trav-a-gant-ly (e'ks-trav'a- N gant-le), ad. In an extrava- gant manner; wastefully. *Ex-trav-a-sa-ted (eks-trav'a- ^sa-te'd), a. Forced out of the proper containing vessels or ducts. Ex-tra- VA-SA-TiON(^ksHra-va-sa'- shun), n. The act of forcing out of the proper containing vessels or ducts. *Ex-treme (§ks-treme')> «. Great- est, of the highest degree; last; utmost; rigorous: — n., utmost point; highest degree. [360-12.] Ex-treme-ly (e'ks-treme'le), ad. In the utmost degree. Ex-trem-i-ty (Sks-trem'eHe), n. The utmost point ; emergency ; necessity; rigor; distress; end; termination. [38-22.] *Ex-trem'i v ties, n. pi. *Ex-tri-ca-ble (&ks'tre v ka-bl), a. Capable of being extricated. Ex-tri-cate (e'ks'tre^kate), v. t. To free from embarrassment; to set free ; to disentangle. [125-1.] *Ex'tri\ja-ting, p. prs. *Ex-tri-ca-tion ( x £ks-tr£-ka f - shun), n. The act of disen- tangling. Ex-trin-sic (eks-trin'slk), Ex-trin-si-cal (Sks-trin'se'kal), J a. External, outward,extraneous. *Ex-trin-si-cal-ly (Sks-trln'se- N kal-le), ad. From without; ex- ternally. Ex-trude (Sks-trSSd'), v. t. To thrust out; to drive out; to expel. Ex-tru'ding, p. prs. Ex-tru-sion (£ks-tro6'zhtin), n. The act of thrusting or driv- ing out. Ex-u-ber-ance (Sgz-u'beVanse), *Ex-tj-ber-an-cy (e'gz-u-beV-an- x se), a. Overgrowth, superfluous abundance; plenty. [237-22.] EXU EYE nSr, nSt— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thm, this. EYR Ex-tj-ber-ant (egz-u'beYant), a. Abounding in the utmost degree, luxuriant; plenteous. Ex-u-BER-ANT-LY (egz-u'beYant- le), ad. Abundantly. [28-31.] Ex-u-da-tion (^s-u-da'shtin), n. The act of exuding; sweat. Ex-ude ($ks-ude f ), v. i. To sweat out ; to issue by sweat. [82-12.] *Ex-tt'ding, p. prs. Ex-ul-cer-ate (e'gz-ul'seVate), v. t. To make ulcerous ; to cor- rode; to fret: — v. i., to become ulcerous. *Ex-UL'cER^A-TING, p. pr8. Ex-ult (egz-ultf), v. i. To rejoice greatly; to triumph. [26-12.] Ex-ult-ant (egz-tilt'ant), a. Tri- umphant; rejoicing. Ex-ul-ta-tion (^gz-ul-ta'shun), n. Joy, triumph, delight. [315-9.] Ex-tjlt-ing-ly (egz-ult'ingle), ad. Triumphantly, joyfully. [52-20.] *Ex-us-tion (egz-us'tshun), n. The act of burning up. *Ex-tj-vi-.e (egz-u've'e), n. Cast skin or shells ; organic remains. *Ey-as (i'as), n. A young hawk. Eye (i), n. The organ of vision or sight; aspect; regard; a small hole ; the bud of a plant : — v. t., to watch, to keep in view, to observe. *Ey'ing, p. prs. Eye-ball (i'bawl), n. The ball of the eye. *Eye-brow (1'brSu), n. The hairy arch over the eye. Eye-lash (i'lash), n. Hair on the edge of the eyelid. Eye-lash'es, n. pi. Eye-less (i'les), a. Without eyes, sightless. Eye-let (i'let), n. A hole through which light may enter ; a small hole for cord. Eye-lid (1'lld), n. The membrane that shuts over the eye. *Eye-ser-vant (i^ser-vant), n. A servant who works only while watched. *Eye-ser-vice (l' N ser-vls), n. Ser- vice performed under inspection. Eye-shot (i'sh6t), n. Sight, glance. EYE-siGHT(i / site),n. Sight of the eye. *Eye-sore (i's6re), n. Something offensive to the sight. Eye-stone (l'st6ne), n. A small stone used to clean the eye from dust. Eye-tooth (I'tbbth), n. The tooth in the upper jaw next the grinders or cheekteeth. Eye'teeth, n. pi. E ye-wa-ter (l /v wa-tur), n. A liquid prepared for diseased eyes. Eye-wit-ness (iSvitVies), n. Ona who testifies to facts seen with his own eyes. Eye'wit v ness-es, n. pi. *Eyre (are), n. The court of itinerant justices. *Ey-ry (a're or e're), n. The place where birds of prey build their nests ; an aerie. *Ey'ries, n. pi. FAB F(eT), n. The sixth letter and the fourth consonant is also a semi-vowel. The name is writ- ten Eff, and the plural Effs. As an abbreviation it most commonly represents fellow ; thus, F.R.S. stand for Fellow of the Royal So- ciety; furthermore, F.D. stand for Fidel Defensor [Defender of the Faith); and, in medical prescrip- tion s,F. or f. s. a. for fiat secundum artem [make according to art). *Fa-ba-ceous (fa-ba'shus), a. Having the nature of a bean. Fa-ble (fa'bl), n. A feigned story intended to enforce some moral precept; a fiction [336-26]: — v.i., to feign ; to tell falsehoods ; to lie. *Fa-bling, p. prs. Fa'bled, p. prf. : — a., celebrated in fables. N FAC Fab-ric (fab'rik), n. A building, an edifice; any manufactured article,as cloth. [58-28.] [200-19.] Fab-ri-cate (fabWkate), v. t. To build, construct; to forge; to devise falsely. *Fab'ri x ca-ting, p. prs. FAB-Ri-cA-TiON( v fab-re-ka'shun),n. The act of building ; construction; that which is constructed. Fab-ri-ca-tor (fab're v ka-tur), n. One who fabricates ; a builder. Fab't^lIst, n. A writer of fables. *Fab-u-lous (fab'u x lus), a. Full of fables; feigned; false. Fab-u-lous-ly (fab'u v lus-le), ad. In a fabulous manner. Fab-u-lous-ness (fab'u-lusWs), n. The quality of being fabulous. *Fa-cade (fa-sade' or fa-sad'), n. The front of a building. 17 FAC Face (fase), n. The visage, front, countenance ; appearance ; con- fidence; boldness : — v. i., to carry a false appearance ; to turn the face : — v. t., to meet in front ; to oppose ; to stand opposite to ; to cover. *Fa'cing, p. prs. : — n., an orna- mental covering. Face-less (fase'lSs), a. Without a face. *Fac-et (fas'St), n. A little face. *Fa-ce-ti-jb „ (fa-se'she'e), n. pi. Witticisms ; strokes of humor ; pleasantries. Fa-ce-tiofs (fa-se'shus), a. Gay ; full of pleasantry ; witty, lively. *Fa-ce-tious-ly (fa-se'shus v le), ad. Wittily, gayly, cheerfully. Fa-ce-tious-ness (fa-se'shusWs), n. Cheerful wit, mirth. 193 FAG Fate, far, fall, fat- FAI -me, met — pine, pin — n&, mSve, FAL *Fa-cial (fa'shai), a. Relating to the faee. *Fa-cile (fas'sil), a. Easy; pliant. *Fa-cil-i-tate (fa-sil'eHate), v, t To make easy ; to free from dif- ficulty. [237-12.] Fa-cii/i v ta-ting, p. prs. *Fa-cil-i-ty (fa-sll'eHe), n. Easi- ness; freedom from difficulty; readiness ; expertness. *Fa-cil'i\ties, n. pL Fac-Sim-i-le ( N fak-slm'e x le), An exact copy or likeness. Fact (fakt), n. Reality; deed; action. Fac-tion (fak'shun), n. A politi- cal party; tumult; discord. [203-14.] Fac-tious (fak'shus), a. Given to faction ; turbulent, seditious.f *Fac-tiotts-ly (fak'shusle), ad. In a dissensious manner. Fac-tious-ness (fak'shus^s), n. Inclination to form factions. *Fac-ti-tious (fak-tlsh'us), a. Artificial; made by art. Fac-tor (fak'tur), n. A merchant's agent ; a substitute ; a multi- plier or multiplicand. Fac-tor-age (fak'tur N aje), n. Com- mission allowed to a factor. Fac-tor-y (fak'turVe), n. A house or district inhabited by factors ; a body of factors ; a manufactory. *FAC'TOR y lES, n. pi. *Fac-to-tum (fak-t&'tum), n. A servant employed in all kinds of work ; an expert deputy. Fac-ul-ty (fak'uXte), n. Ability ; reason ; power ; privilege ; legal right; the officers of a college. [64-32.] [198-15.] ^Fac'uiAties, n. pi. Fad-dle (fad'dl), v. i. To trifle. *Fad'dling, p. pr8. Fade, v. i. To lose color ; to die away gradually; to wither. F a'ding, p. prs. Fag, v. i. To grow weary : — v. t., to compel to drudge : — n., a drudge, 194 *Fag'ging, p. prs. Fag-ged (fagd), p. prf. Fag-End (fag-end'), n. The refuse part ; the end of a rope. *Fag-ot (fag'ut), n. A bundle of sticks for fuel or fortification. Fail (fale), v. i. To be deficient; to perish; to decay; to miss; to fall, short: — v. t., to desert; to disappoint ; to omit ; to be want- ing to : — n., omission, failure. Fail' in g, p. prs. : — n., deficiency ; lapse ; fault. *Fail-ure (fale'yur), n. Omis- sion ; deficiency ; slip ; neglect ; fault; bankruptcy. *Fain (fane), a. Glad, cheerful, merry : — ad., gladly. Faint (fant), v. i. To sink motion- less ; to grow feeble : — a., weary, languid ; wanting in strength or brightness ; depressed. Faint'ing, p. prs. : — n., a swoon. *Faint-he art-ed (fant-hart'ed), a. Cowardly, timid. Faint-ly (fant'le), ad. Feebly, languidly ; imperfectly. Faint-ness (fant'nes), n. Lan- gour, feebleness, want of vigor. Fair (fare), a. Beautiful; white; clear; favorable; pure; gentle; just ; mild ; equitable : — ad., civ- illy ; gently ; frankly ; openly : — n., a stated market: — n. pi., the female sex. Fair-ly (fare'le), ad. Beautifully; honestly ; justly ; ingenuously ; candidly ; favorably. Fair-ness (fare'nes), n. Beauty; candor; justice. Fair-spo-ken (fare'sp6 x kn), a. Civil in language ; courteous. Fai-ry (fa're), n. An elf; a fay; an enchantress : — a., belonging to fairies. [15-27.]f *Fai'ries, n. pi. Faith (f&th), n. Belief; whatever is believed; fidelity; honor; sin- cerity ; veracity ; promise given. [94-8.] [335-2.] Faith-ful (fa^'ful), a. Firm to truth or trust ; loyal ; honest. *Faith-ful-ly (fa^'turie), ad. With fidelity; sincerely,honestly. Faith-ful-ness (fa^'ful v nes), n. Honesty ; loyalty ; truth. Faith-less (fa^'lls), a. Without faith; disloyal; neglectful. *Faith-less-ness (fafA'leVne's), n. Treachery, perfidy ; unbelief. Fa-kir (fa'kur or fa'kur), n. In India, a wandering monk. *Fal-chion (fal'shun or fal'chun), n. A cimeter; a short, crooked sword. *Fal-con (faw'kn or fal'ktin), n. A hawk trained for sport. Fal-con-er (faw'kn^ur or fal'k&n- Mr), n. One who trains hawks. *Fal-con-ry (faw'kn're or fal'- k6nVe), n. The art of training hawks and hunting with them. Fall, v. i. [fell — fallen.] To drop from a higher place ; to de- cline; to sink; to apostatize; to decrease; to die; to ebb; to quarrel (out) (ap. p. — under disgrace, from trees, into pits, to work, upon enemies) : — n. y the act of dropping ; distance drop- ped; ruin; degradation; dimi- nution; steep descent; cataract; autumn ; cadence : — see fell. Fal-la-cious (fal-la'shus), a. De- ceitful; producing mistakes; not well founded. [346-18.] Fal-la-cious-ly (fal-la'shus^le), ad. In a deceitful manner. ^Fal-la-cious-ness (fal-la'shus- x nes), n. Tendency to deceive. Fal-la-cy (fal'la v se), n. A de- ceptive argument; logical arti- fice. [93-20.] Fal'la^cies, n. pi. FALLEN, p. prf. of FALL. *Fal-li-bil-i-ty (Yal-le-bil'leHe), n. Liableness to be deceived. Fal-li-ble (fal'le'bl), a. Liable to deceive or to be deceived; frail; imperfect. FAM FAN nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. FAR FALL-ING-SlCK-NESS( X fal-ling-slk'- n£s), n. The epilepsy. Fal-low (farl6), a. Unploughed, uncultivated; unoccupied; pale red, yellow ; as fallow deer : — n., ground ploughed in order to be ploughed again; ground lying at rest : — v. i., to plough without sowing. False, a. Not true ; treacherous ; counterfeit, spurious; hypocriti- cal; dishonest. False-hood (false'hud), n. Want of truth ; a false assertion. p^~ A falsehood is an un- truth told without, and a lie an untruth told with, deceit- ful intention. False-ly (false'l&), ad. Errone- ously; treacherously. False-ness (false'nes), n. Want of truth ; duplicity, deceit. Fal-si-fi-ca-tion ( x fal-se-fe-ka'- shiin), n. The act of counter- feiting; falsehood. *Fal-si-fi-er (falWfi-ur), n. One who falsifies. Fal-si-fy (fal'se v fl), v. t. [pre. t. 3, falsifies.] To counterfeit; to forge ; to make or prove false : — v. i., to utter falsehoods. *Fal'si v fi-ed, p. prf. Fal-si-ty (fal'seHe), n. An error; a falsehood ; a falsification. *Fal'si v ties, n. pi. Fal-ter (fal'tur), v. i. To hesitate in the utterance of words; to fail; to waver; to be unsteady. [73-9.] [303-12.] FAL-TER-iNG-LY(fal'tur'ing-le),ad. With hesitation or difficulty. Fame, n. Celebrity, renown; fa- vorable report; rumor. [61-32.] Fa-med (famd), a. Famous. Fa-mil-iar (fa-mll'yar), a. Do- mestic ; affable ; well known ; accustomed [ap. p. — a thing is familiar to us, we with it) [137-7] [163-12] : — n.j an intimate ac- quaintance. *Fa-mil-tar-i-ty ffa-mil-yar'e- x te), n. Acquaintance ; easy in- tercourse; intimacy. [381-6.] *Fa-mil-iar-ize (fa-niil , yar x ize), v. t. To make intimate; to ac- custom. [159-5.] [165-3.] Fa-mil'iarVzing, p. prs. Fa-mil-iar-ly (fa-mll'yar-le), ad. Intimately, without formality. Fam-i-ly (fam'e^le), n. A house- hold ; a race ; a tribe ; lineage. *Fam'i n lies, n. pi. Fam-ine (fam'in), n. Scarcity of food ; dearth. Fam'Ish, v. t. [prs. t. 3, famish- es.] To kill with hunger; to starve : — v. i., to die of hunger. Fam-ish-ment (fam'ish^ment), n. Extreme hunger. Fa-mous (fa/mus), a. Renowned, celebrated, famed, illustrious. *Fa-mous-ly (fa/mus x le), ad. With celebrity or renown. Fan, n. An instrument which moves the air and cools the face; a machine to winnow grain, or make a draft in a furnace: — v. t., to cool with a fan ; to ven- tilate ; to winnow. [64-17.] *Fan'ning, p. prs. Fan-ned, p. prf. Fa-nat-ic (fa-nat'lk), a. Enthu- siastic ; extravagant in opinion : — «., an enthusiast, a visionary. Fa-nat-i-cal (fa-nat'e^kal), a. See fanatic. [53-13.] *FA-NAT-i-cAL-LY(fa-nat'e N kal-le), ad. In a fanatical manner, with enthusiasm. *Fa-nat-i-cism (fa-nat'e x slzni), n. Enthusiasm ; religious frenzy. [38-17.] Fan-ci-ful (fan'seYul), a. Im- aginative; whimsical. *Fan-ci-ful-ly (fan'se v fdl-le), ad. In a fanciful manner. Fan-ci-ful-ness (fan'se^ful-ne's), n. The quality of being fanciful. Fan-cy (f&n'se), n. Imagination ; an inclination ; caprice ; an idle scheme; freak [144-37]: — v. %., to imagine or believe : — v. t., to portray in the mind; to be pleased with ; to conceive : — a., pleasing to the fancy. *Fan'cies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Fan'ci-ed, p. prf. Fan-dan-go (fan-dang'g6), n. A lively Spanish dance. Fane, n. A temple ; a church. *FAN-FAR-o-NADE(f4n N far-6-nade r ) n.Bluster,a vain boast,ostentation. Fang, n. A long tusk or hooked tooth ; that part of a tooth con- tained within its bony socket. Fang-ed (fangd), a. Having fangs. *Fan-ion (fan'y&n), n. A small flag. *Fan-ta- si-ed (fan'ta x sid), a. Filled with fancies. Fan-tas-tic (fan-tas'tik), \ FAN-TAs-Ti-cAL(fan-tas , te N kal) J °" Irrational; imaginary; whimsi- cal. [120-22.] [305-5.] *Fan-tas-ti-cal-ly (fan-tas'te- x kal-le), ad. Capriciously; whim- sically. Fan-tas-ti-cal-ness (fan-tas'te- kai v nes)w.Whimsiealness,caprice. Fan-ta-sy. Now written fancy. *Fan'ta n sies, n. pi. Far, ad. [farther — farthest.] To great extent ; at a great dis- tance or height ; to a certain de- gree : — a. [farther — farthest, farmost, or farthermost], dis- tant, remote, {ap. p. — from.) Farce (farse), n. A ludicrous dramatic representation ; an idle amusement : — v. t., to swell out ; to stuff. *Far-ci-cal (far'se N kal), a. Be- longing to a farce ; ludicrous. Far'del, n. A bundle; a little pack; a burden. [170-28.] Fare, v. i. To be in a state good or bad; to feed; to eat; to be entertained; to go; to travel [73-31] : — n., price of passage in a vehicle ; food ; entertainment. Fa' ring, p. prs. 195 PAS FAT Fate, far, fill, fat— me, met— pine, pin- -n6, mSve, FAT Fare-well (fare'wel), n. Leave, departure, valediction: — a., val edictory; parting. Fare-well (fare-weT or fare'wSl), ad. Good-by; adieu. Fa-ri-na (fa-re'na), n. Flour, meal, starch, fecula. *Far-i-na-ceotjs ( x far-e-na'shus), a. Mealy, consisting of meal. Farm, n. Ground let to a tenant ; land occupied by a farmer: v. t., to let out to tenants; to cultivate land. Farm-er (farm'ur), n. One who cultivates ground,a husbandman F1/r6, n. A game of cards. *Far-ra-gi-nous (far-raj 'e^nus), a. Formed of different materials. Far-ra-go (far-ra'"g6), n. A med- ley ; a confused business. *Far-ra'goes, n. pi. *Far-ri-er (far're x ur), n. A shoer of horses ; a horse-doctor. Far-ri-er-y (far're-urVe), n. The art or skill of a farrier. Far-row (far'r6), n. A litter of .pigs. Far-ther (far'THur), a. [com. of far.] More remote; tending to greater distance : — ad., more re- motely; at a greater distance; moreover: — v. t., see further, which is the genuine word. Far-thest (far'THest), a. [sup. of far.] Most distant ; remotest : — ad., at the greatest distance. Far-thing (far'THing), n. The fourth part of a penny. *'Far-thin-gale (far'THlng x gal), n. A hoop, used to spread the petticoat. Fas-ci-cle (fasWkl), n. A bun- dle ; a florescence. Fas-ci-nate (fas'se x nate), v, t. To bewitch; to enchant; to charm. *Fas'ct x na-ting, p. pra. FAS-ci-NA-TioN( x fas-se-na'shun),n. A bewitching; enchantment; a charm. [143-27.] 196 *Fas-cine (fas-sene'), m A fagot (used in fortification). Fash-ion (fash'un), n. Form, state with regard to appearance ; cus- tom of numbers; mode; rank [284-12]:— v. t.,to form, to mould. Fash-ion-a-ble (fasVun^-bl), a. Approved by custom; made ac cording to fashion. Fash-ion-a-ble-ness (fash'un x a- bPnes), n. Conformity to custom. *Fash-ion-a-bly (fash'un x a-ble), ad. According to custom. Fast, v. i. To abstain from food : — n., abstinence from food: — a., firm, immovable; speedy, swift; reckless, prodigal : — ad., firmly, immovably ; closely ; swiftly. Fast-Day (fast' da), n. A day set apart for fasting. Fast-en (fas'sn), v. t. To make fast or firm ; to cement ; to se- cure ; to link. [fastens. Fast'en^ing,^.^*.: — w.,that which *Fast-en-er (fas'sn x &r), n. One who fastens. *Fas-tid-i-ous (fas-tid'e^us), a. Disdainful ; hard to please ; ca- pricious, squeamish. Fas-tid-i-ous-ly (fas-tld'& v us-le), ad. Squeamishly; disdainfully. Fas-tid-i-ous-ness (fas-tid'£ x us- nes), n. Capriciousness, squeam- ishness. [349-3.] Fast'ness, n. Firmness; strength; a strong place. •Fast'ness x es, n. pi. Fat, a. [fatter — ^fattest.] Plump, fleshy; greasy; rich: — n., the unctuous part of animal flesh : — v. t., to make fat; to fat- ten : — v. i., to grow fat. -Fat'ting, p. prs. Fat'ted, p. prf. Fa'tal, a. Deadly; mortal; ap- pointed by destiny; proceeding from fate. [116-33.] [191-5.] Fa-tal-ism (fa'taHzm), n. The doctrine that all things happen from inevitable necessity. '^Fa'tal^ist, n. One who adheres to fatalism. Fa-tal-i-ty (fa-tal'leHe), n. De- cree of fate; tendency to danger. *Fa-tal'i x ties, n. pi. *Fa-tal-ly (fa'taHe), ad. Mor- tally; destructively; by fate. Fate, n. Destiny; event prede- termined ; doom ; death. Fa'ted, a. Decreed by fate. Fates, n. pi. In Mythology, the destinies, three goddesses sup- posed to preside over men. Fa-ther (fa'THur), n. A male parent; an ancestor; the title of a popish confessor or priest ; one who creates or forms; an author : — v. t., to take as a son or daughter ; to adopt. Fa-ther-hood (fa/THur^htid), n. The character of a father. Fa-ther-in-Law (fa'THur-in^law), n. The father of one's husband or wife. *Fa'thers-in-Law, n. pi. Fa-ther-land (fa'THur^land), n. One's native country. Fa-ther-less (fa'THur^les), a. Without a father. Fa-ther-ly (fa'THurl&), a. Pater- nal ; like a father : — ad., in the manner of a father. Fath-om (faTH'um), n. A measure of length containing six feet; reach ; penetration : — v. t., to comprehend ; to sound ; to pene- trate into. [56-13.] *Fath-om-a-ble (faTH'um A a-bl), a. Capable of being fathomed. Fath-om-less (faTH'umHe's), a. Bottomless. *Fa-tigue (fa-teegO, n. Weari- ness, lassitude; toil: — v. t. s to tire; to weary; to exhaust. *Fa-tigtj-ing (fa-teeg'lng), p. prs. Fat'ling, n. A young animal fed for slaughter. Fat-ness (fat'nes), n. The quality of being fat; fertility; corpu- lence. FAV n6r, n6t- FEA -tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, THis. FEE Fat-ten (fat'tn), v. t. To feed up ; to make fat: — v. i., to grow fat; to become fleshy. *Fa-tu-i-ty (fa-tu'e'te), n. Foolish- ness ; weakness of mind. Fat-tj-ous (fatsh'u v us), a. Stupid ; foolish, silly. Fau-bourg (f6'b&6rg), n. A suburb. *Fau-cet (faw'set), n. A pipe in- serted into a vessel to draw off liquor. Fault (fait), n. Offense; slight crime; blemish; defect; puzzle. *Fault-i-ly (falt'eMe), ad. Not rightly, improperly : offensively. Fault-i-ness (falt'e'nes), n. Bad- ness; delinquency; defect. Fault-less (falt'les), a. Without fault, perfect. Fault-less-xess (falt'leVne's), n. Freedom from fault. Fault-y (falt'e), a. Guilty of a fault; blamable. *Fauw (fawn), n. In Mythology, a kind of rural deity. #Fau-na (faw'na), n. The entire group of animals belonging to a region. Fa-vor (fa/vur), n. Countenance; kindness; support; lenity; any thing worn openly as a token : — v. t., to support; to aid; to as- sist ; to resemble in feature. [203-10.] Fa-vor-ed (fa'viird), p. prf : — a., regarded with kindness. *Fa-vor-a-ble (fa'vur'a-bl), a. Kind ; propitious ; advantageous. [277.] Fa-vor-a-ble-ness (fa'vur r a-bl- v nes), n. Kindness ; benignity. Fa-vor-a-bly (fa/viir x a-ble), ad. Kindly; with favor. *Fa-vor-ite (fa'vurlt), n. A per- son or thing beloved : — a., be- loved; regarded with particular favor. [257-10.] *Fa-vor-it-ism (fa'vur v it-ism), n. Act of favoring; partiality. *Fawn, n. A young deer: — v. i. to court servilely; to cringe. (ap. p. — on, upon.) *Fawn-ing-ly (fawnlngHe), ad. In a cringing, servile way. Fay (fa), n. A fairy: an elf: v. t., to join closely; to adapt. Fe-al-ty (fe'aPte), n. Duty due to a superior or .lord; loyalty. *Fe' allies, n. pi. Fear (feer), n. Dread, horror ; awe ; anxiety : — v. t., to dread to terrify; to make afraid; to apprehend: — v. i., to be afraid. Fear-ful (feer'fiil), a. Timorous filled with fear ; awful, dreadful, terrific, (op. p. — of.) *Fear-ful-ly (feei^fuTle), ad. Timorously; terribly; with fear. Fear-ful-ness (feer'furn^s), n. Dread, terror, habitual timidity. Fear-less (feer'les), a. Intrepid; free from fear. Fear-less-ly (feer'leVl£), ad. Without terror or fear. *Fear-less-ness (feer'leVne's), n. Exemption from fear ; courage. *Fea-si-bil-i-ty ( x fe-ze-bil'le x te), n. Practicability. *Fea-si-ble (fe'ze v bl), a. Prac- ticable, achievable. [ticably, Fea-si-bly (fe'ze N ble), ad. Prac- Fea-si-ble-ness (fe'ze x bl-nes), n. Practicability, feasibility. Feast (feest), n. An entertain- ment at the table ; a sumptuous treat; a banquet: — v. t., to en- tertain sumptuously ; to delight : — v. i., to eat sumptuously. Feat (feet), n. Act, deed, exploit, f *Feath-er (feTH'ur), n. A plume of a bird ; an ornament; kind or nature ; a trifle : — v. t., to dress in feathers ; to enrich. Feath-er-ed (feTH'iird), p. prf. : — a., clothed with feathers. Feath-er-less (feTH'ur v ies), a. Without feathers. *FEATH-ER-Y(feTH'urYe)a.Clothed with feathers ; downy. 17* *Fea-ture (fe'tshiir), n. The cast of the face; a lineament, outline. [36.] *Feb-ri-fuge (feb'reMuje), n. A medicine serviceable in a fever. *Fe-brile (fe'bril or feVril), a. Constituting or proceeding from a fever ; indicating fever. *Feb-ru-A-ry (feb'ru x a-re), n. The second month of the year. FE-CAL(fe'kal),a. Relating to dregs. *Fe-ces (fe'seez), n. pi. Dregs. Fec-u-la (fek'u v la), n. The starch of grain. Fec-u-lence (feVu x lense), ) *Fec-u-lex-cy (feVu x len-se), j n ' Muddiness; lees, dregs. Fec-u-lent (fek'ulent), a. Foul, dreggy, turbid. *Fec-und (fek'und or fe'kund), a. Fruitful, prolific, productive. Fe-cun-date (fe'kunMate or fek'- unMate), v. t. To make fruitful. Fe'cun^da-ting, p. prs. Fe-cun-di-ty (fe-kun'de v te), n. Fruitfulness, productiveness. Fed, pst. t. and p. prf. of feed. Fed-er-al (fed'eVal), a. Relating to a league or contract; con- federate. Fed-er-al-ist (fed'eVal-ist), n. An adherent of a federal union. [333-14.] *FED-ER-ATE(f^d'§rlt),a.Leagued. Fed-er-a-tiox (^fed-eVa'shun), n. A league, confederation. Fed-er-a-tive (fed'er-aHiv), a. Uniting in or forming a league. Fee, n. Recompense; payment for service : — v. t.. to reward ; to pay ; to bribe. Fee-ble (fee'bl), a. Debilitated, weakly, sickly, languid. Fee-ble-ness (fee'brnes), n. Im- becility, weakness, infirmity. Fee-bly (fee'ble), ad. Weakly, without strength, faintly. Feed, v. t. [fed — fed.] To sup- ply with food ; to nourish ; to entertain ; to fatten : — v. t., to 197 FEL FEN Fate, far, fd.ll, flit — me, met — pine, pin — n&, m5ve, FER take food; to eat; to grow fat (ap. p. — on, upon) : — n., food ; pasture. Feed-er (feed'ur), n. One who feeds j a source of supply. Feel, v. i. [felt — felt.] To have perception of things by the touch j to search : — v. t., to per- ceive by the touch ; to suffer ; to have sense of: — n., the sense of feeling; the touch. Feel-er (feel'ur), n. One who or that which feels; a tentacle. Feel'ing, p. prs. : — a., expressive of great sensibility ; affected : — n., the sense of touch ; emotion ; sensibility. Feel-ing-ly (feel'ing'le), ad. With emotion. Feet, n. : — pi. of foot. Feign (fane), v. t. To invent; to dissemble ; to pretend : — v. i., to relate falsely, to image. [192-13.] *Feign-ed-ly (fane'ed'le), ad. In fiction ; not truly, falsely. *Feint (fant), n. A false appear- ance, a pretense ; a mock assault. Fe-li-ci-tate (fe-lis'se x tate), v. t. To make happy ; to congratulate. '^Fe-lic'i^ta-ting, p. prs. FE-Li-ci-TA-TioN(fe > lis-se-ta , shun), n. Congratulation. #Fe-li-ci-tous (fe-lls'seHus), a. Happy, delightful, prosperous. Fe-li-ci-tous-ly (fe-lls'seHus-le), ad. Happily, joyously. #Fe-li-ci-ty (fe-lis'se v te), n. Hap- piness. [26-19.] [199-4.] Fe-licVties, n. pi. *Fe-line (fe'llne), a. Pertaining to, or like, a cat. Fell, a. Cruel, barbarous, savage : — n., the skin ; the hide : — v. t. t to knock down; to hew or cut down [375-6] : — pst. U of fall. 7j£g§** To fell is the causative verb of to fall. #Fel-loe. See felly. *Fel-low (feT16), n. An asso- ciate; an equal; a match; one 198 of a pair ; a member of a college that shares its revenue ; a mean person : — v. t., to suit with. Fel-low-ship (feT16 v shlp), n. As- sociation; partnership; an es- tablishment in a college with a share in its revenue. [95-36.] Fel-ly (fel'le), n. The rim of a wheel : — often written felloe. *Fel'lies, n. pi. Fel-ly (fel'le), ad. Cruelly. *Fe-lo de se (fe'16-de-se'), n. In Law, he who commits felony by suicide. *Fel-on (feTun), n. One who has committed a capital crime ; whitlow; a painful tumor seated in a finger or toe. [34-12.] Fe-lo-ni-ous (fe-16'ne y us), a. Ma lignant, wicked ; villainous. Fe-lo-ni-ous-ly (fe-16'ne N us-le), ad. In a felonious way. Fel-on-y (f£l'un y e), n. A crime punishable with death. -j-Fel'on^ies, n. pi. Felt, pst. t. and p. prf. of feel : — n., cloth made of wool united without weaving. *Fe-luc-ca (fe-luk'ka), n. A small open boat with six oars. Fe'male, n. One of the feminine gender : — a., not male. Fem-i-nine (feWe^nin), a. Per- taining to women or females; soft, delicate, effeminate. 7^^ Female is applied to the sex, feminine to the charac- teristics of the sex : thus, A female physician treats with feminine tenderness. Fem-o-ral (feWoVal), a. Belong- ing to the thigh. Fen, n. A marsh, a moor, a bog. Fence (f£nse), n. Guard; enclo- sure : — v. t. f to enclose ; to secure by a fence ; to guard : — v. i. t to practice fencing. *Fen'cing, p. prs. : — n., the art of using defensive weapons ; mate- rials for a fence. | Fence-less (fense'l&i), a. With- out enclosure ; open. *Fen-cer (feVsur), n. One who teaches or practices fencing. *FEN-ci-BLE(fen'seH)l), a. Capable of defense : — n., a soldier enlisted for defensive purposes. Fend, v. t. To keep off; to ward off; to repel : — v. »., to dispute ; to parry off. Fend-er (fe'nd'ur), n. That which protects ; a metallic guard placed before a fire. [337-25.] *Fe-nes-tral (fe-neVtral), a. Be- longing to a window. Fen'nel, n. A fragrant plant. Fen-ny (fen'ne), a. Marshy, boggy. Feo-dal. See feudal. *Feoff (fef ), v. t. To put in pos- session of property; to invest with right. *Feof-fee (fef fee or fef-fee r ), n. One put in possession of property. Feof-fer (fef fur), ) n. One who Feof-for (feff6r), j feoffs. *Feoff-ment (fef m^nt), n. The act of granting possession. FE-RA-ci-TY(fe-ras / seHe)n.Fertility ' Fe-ri-al (fe're^al), a. Relating to week-days or holydays. Fi/RiNE, a. Wild, savage. Fer-ment (fer'ment), n. Intestine motion, tumult, excitement. Fer-ment (f^r-mlnf), v. t. To exalt or rarefy by intestine motion : — • v. i. f to undergo fermentation. *FER-MENT-A-BiL-i-TY(feVinent-a- bil'leHe), n. Capability of fer- mentation. Fer-ment-a-ble (f^r-ment'a'bl), a. Capable of fermentation. Fer-ment-A-tion (Yer-me'nt-a'- shun), n. A slow motion of the intestine particles of a mixed body ; a chemical change. Fer-ment-a-tive (f&r-m&nt'aHlv), a. Causing fermentation. Fern, n. A plant. Fern-y (fern'e), a. Overgrown with fern. PER FET nSr, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 611- -p6und — thin, THis. fic -Fe-ro-cious (fe-r6'shus), a. Bar- barous, savage, fierce. Fe-ro-cious-ly (fe-ro'shuVle), ad. In a ferocious manner. *Fe-ro-ci-ty (fe-^s'seHe), n. Sav- aeeness, fierceness ; cruelty. [123-38.] [268-1.] *Fer-re-ous (fer're^us), a. Con- sisting of, or belonging to, iron. *Fer-ret (fer'rit), n. A kind of weasel ; a kind of narrow tape : — v. t., to drive out of lurking- places, (out.) *Fer-ri-age (fer'relje), n. Fare paid at a ferry. *Fer-rtj-gix-ous (fe'r-ru'jinNis), a. Containing, or partaking of, the qualities of iron. *Fer-rule (fer'ril), ft. A metal ring put round any thing to strengthen it. Fer-ry (fer're), n. A boat,* the passage over which the ferry- boat passes : — v. t. } to carry over in a boat. *Fer'ries, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Fer'ri-ed, p. prf. *Fer-ry-Boat (fer're v b6te), n. A boat for conveying persons over a stream, &c. Fer-ry-man (ferWm&n), «. One who keeps a ferry. Fer ; ry x men, n. pi. *Fer-tile (feVtil), a. Fruitful, abundant, productive. [295-7.] Fer-til-i-ty (fer-til'le'te), n. The quality of being fertile ; fruitful- ness, richness. [80-28.] *Fer-til-i-za-tion ( x fer-tll-le-za r - shun), n. Act of fertilizing. Fer-til-ize (feVtirize), v. t. To make fruitful. [57-30.] *Fer'til v i-zing, p. prs. Fer-u-la (feVru x la), ) *Fer-ule (feVrll or feVrule), J n ' An instrument of correction. Fer-ule (feVrll or feVrule), v. t. To punish with a ferule. *Fer-ven-cy (fer've^se), n. Heat of mind; ardor, zeal. Fer-vent (fer'vSnt), a. Hot, ve- hement, ardent, zealous. Fer-vent-ly (fer'vent^le), ad. Eagerly, with fervor. [85-39.] Fer-vid (feYvid), a. Hot, vehe- ment, zealous. Fer-yid-ness (fer'vid^nes), ft. Ar- dor of mind, zeal, eagerness. Fer-vor (fer'vur), n. Heat of mind, zeal. [94-9.] [303-28.] *Fes-cue (fes'ku), n. A small wire pointer. Fes'tal, a. Belonging to a feast; festive, joyous. Fes-ter (fes'tur), v. i. To cor- rupt,- to grow virulent: — n., a small tumor or sore. Fes-ti-val (fes'teVal), a. Per- taining to feasts; joyous: — ft., time of feast; a festive anni- versary or occasion. Fes-tive (fes'tiv), a. Pertaining to feasts; festal; joyous. [95.] Fes-tiv-i-ty (fes-tiv've x te),ft. Time of rejoicing ; social joy. *Fes-tiv'i v ties, n. pi. Fes-toon (feVtddn'), n. An orna- ment of carved work in the form of a wreath, or garland, of flow- ers : — v. t. } to adorn with festoons. Fetch (fetsh), v. t. To go and bring; to bring; to sell for; to draw; to reach [167-20] : — ft., a stratagem, a trick. -^Fetch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Fete (fate), ft. A festival. *Fe-tich ) (fe'tlsh), ft. In Western Fe-tish j .k/Wca,an idol or charm. -Fet-i-cism (fet'e'slzm), ft. Fe- tich-worship. Fet'Id, a. Rancid, rank-smelling. Fet-id-ness (fet'id^nes), n. The quality of being fetid. Fet-lock (fet'16k), ft. A tuft of hair that grows behind the pas- tern-joint of a horse. [73-2.] *Fe-tor (fe'tSr), n. An offensive smell, a stench. Fet-ter (fgt'tur), v. t. To bind; to enchain j to embarrass. [370-19.] *Fet-ters (fet'turz), n. pi. Chains for the feet ; restraint. *Feud (fude), ft. Quarrel, conten- tion ; a fief, a tenure. *Feu-dal (fu'dal), a. Held of a superior on condition; held by tenure. [16-22.] Feu-dal-ism (fu'darizm), n. The system of holding lands on con- dition, or by tenure. Feu-da-tor-y (fu'da'tur-re), ft. One who holds by some con- ditional tenure. *FEU'DA'TOR-IES, ft. pi. Fe-yer (fe'vur), n. A disease characterized by increased heat, quickened pulse, and intermit- ting chill ; a fret : — v. t,, to put into a fever ; to excite. Fe-ver-ish (fe'vurlsh), a. Tend- ing to fever ; troubled with fever; hot. Fe-ver-ish-ness (fe'vurlsh-nes), ft. State of being feverish. Few (fu), a. Not many. Few-ness (fu'nes), n. Smallness of number. * Fi'at, ft. A decree ; an order. Fib, n. A lie ; a falsehood : — v. »"., to tell lies. Fib'bing, p. prs. *Fib'bed, p. prf. Fi-ber | (fi'bur), ft. A small thread *Fi-bre J or string of animal, vegetable, or mineral substance. FI'bril, n. A small fibre or string. Fr-BRix | (fi'brln), ft. A whice, *Fi-brine J inodorous substance found in the blood, muscles, &c. *Fi-brous (fl'brus), a. Composed of fibres. Fic-kle (fik'kl), a. Inconstant. *Fic-kle-ness (fik'krn^s), ft. In- constancy, unsteadiness. Fic-tile (fik'tll), a. Moulded into form, as by a potter. Fic-tion (flk'shun), ft. The act of feigning; a thing feigned; a falsehood ; a fabrication ; a ro- mance. [112-39.] [349-13.] 199 FIE Fate, far, fail, fat- FIG -me, met — pine, pin — no, m5vo, FIL Fic-ti-tious (fik-tish'us), a. Coun terfeit, not genuine, feigned. [135-25.] [198-16.] *Fic-ti-tious-ly (flk-tish'usHe), ad. In a, fictitious manner. Fid-ble (fld'dl), n. A stringed- instrument of music, a violin : — v. i., to play upon the fiddle ; to trifle. Fid'dling, p. prs. Fid-dler (fld'dlur), n. One who plays upon the fiddle. *Fid-dle-string (fld'dPstrlng), n. The string of a fiddle. *Fi-del-i-ty (fe-deWte), n. Faith- ful adherence, honesty; veracity. [134-29.]t *Fidg-et (fidj'it), v. i. To move irregularly : — n., unsteadiness. *Fidg-et-y (fidjlt'e), a. Restless. *Fi-du-cial (fe-du'shal), a. Con- fident, undoubting; fiduciary. Fi-du-ci-a-ry (fe-du'she x a-re), n. One who holds any thing in trust : — a., confident, undoubt- ing; pertaining to, or held in, trust; fiducial. *Fi-du'ci x a-ries, n. pi. Fie (fl), in, A word expressing blame or reproof. *Fiep (feef), n. A fee, manor, feud. Field (feeld), n. Cultivated tract of ground; open country; place of battle ; space ; extent. Field-Book (feeld'b&6k), n. A book used by surveyors for no- ting angles, distances, &c. *Field-Mar-shal (feeld-mar / - shal), n. A commander of an army. Field-Of-fi-cer (feeld' v &f-fe'sur), n. An officer in an army (above the rank of captain). Field-piece (feeld'peese), n. A small cannon. *Field'piec v es, n. pi. Fiend (feend), n. An enemy ; the devil; an infernal being. [144-15.] [170-16.] *Fiend -is H(feend'lsh),a. Malicious. 200 Fierce (feerse), a. Savage, raven- ous ; violent, furious. Fierce-ly (feerse'le), ad. Vio- lently, furiously. * Fierce -ness (feerse'nes), n. Fe- rocity ; violence, fury. *Fi-e-ri Fa-ci-as (^fl-e-re-fa'she- as), n. A judicial writ of exe- cution, directed to a sheriff. *Fi-er-i-ness (fi'eVe-n^s), n. Heat, warmth of temper. *Fi-er-y (fi'eVe), a. Consisting of fire ; hot like fire ; ardent ; passionate. Fife, n. A wind-instrument of music. *Fi-fer (fl'fur), n. One who plays the fife. FIf'teen, a.orw. Five and ten; 15. Fif-teenth (fifteen^), a. The ordinal of fifteen; noting the number fifteen. Fifth (fifth), a. The ordinal of five ; noting the number five. *Fifth-ly (fiftMe), ad. In the fifth place. *Fif-ti-eth (fifte'M), a. The ordinal of fifty ; noting the num- ber fifty. [ten ; 50. Fif-ty (flf'te), a. or n. Five times FIg, n. A tree and its fruit. Fight (fite), v. i. [fought — fought.] To contend in battle; to contend in single fight : — v. L, to war or combat against : — n., battle, combat, duel. (ap. p. — with, against, for.) *Fight-er (fite'ur), n. One who fights ; a warrior. Fig'ment, n. An invention, device. Fig-u-ra-ble (fig'uVa-bl), a. Ca- pable of being formed or figured. Fig-u-ra-bil-i-ty ( v fig-u-ra-bH'- eHe), n. Capacity to receive form. FIg'^ral, a. Represented by figure. Fig-u-rate (fig'uVit), a. Of a determinate form. Fig-u-ra-tive (flg'uVa-tlv), a. Representing something else ; typical; metaphorical. *Fig-u-ra-tive-ly (fig'uVa-tlv- le), ad. In a figurative manner; metaphorically, typically. Fig-ure (fig'ure or fig'yur), es), J n ' $ 1 ' Fod-der (fdd'dur), n. Dry food for cattle : — v. t., to feed with dry food. Foe (f6), n. An enemy in war ; a persecutor; an opponent. *Foe-man (f6'man), n. An enemy in war ; a foe. Foe'men, n. pi. F6g, n. A thick mist; aftergrass. Fo-gey. See fogy. Fog-gi-ly (f6g'ge v le), ad. Darkly, cloudily, mistily. *Fog-gi-ness (f6g'ge x nes), n. The state of being dark or misty; cloudiness. *Fog-gy (f6g'ge), a. Misty, cloudy. *Fo-gy (f6'ge), n. A stickler for oid usages. Fo'gies, n. pi. F6h, in. An expression of contempt. *Foi-ble (fdl'bl), n. A weak side, a failing. F61l, v. t. To frustrate; to puz- zle ; to defeat : — n., defeat ; a substance for burnishing ; a thin plate or leaf of metal; an ill-fa- vored object used to set off some- thing else; a fencing-sword. *F6isT, v. t. To insert wrongfully, or by forgery. F6ld, n. A place where sheep are penned ; a flock of sheep ; a plait; a double: — v. t., to shut sheep in the fold ; to double ; to complicate ; to lay in plaits. Fold-er (fold'ur), n. One who folds ; an instrument to fold with. *Fo-li-a-ceous ffo-le-a'shus), a. Consisting of leaves. *Fo-li-age (f6'lelje), n. Leaves, tufts of leaves. [352-20.] Fo-li-ate (f6'le N ate), v. t. To beat into laminae or leaves. Fo'li^a-ting, p. prs. FOO nSr, n&t- FOO -tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, THis. FOR *Fo-li-a-tion ( N f6-le-a'shun), n. The act of beating into thin leaves. Fo-li-o (f6'le x 6 or fdl'yd), «. A large book, of which the pages are formed by a sheet of paper once doubled; a leaf: — appertaining to a folio. ♦Fq'li^os, n. pi. Folk (f6ke), ) n. pi. People ; Folks (f6kes), J nations,mankind. Fol-low (f&l'16), v. t. To go after; to attend; to pursue; to imitate ; to be consequent upon ; to succeed. Fol'low-ed,^. prf.\ — (ap.p. — by.) *Fol-low-er (f61'16 N ur), n. One who comes after another ; a de- pendant; an associate; an imi- tator ; a copyist ; a disciple. Fol-ly (f6l'le), n. Want of un- derstanding ; criminal weakness ; an absurd act ; depravity. *Fol'lies, n. pi. [384-13.] F6-ment', v. t. To cherish with heat; to bathe with warm lo- tions ; to encourage ; to excite. Fo-ment-a-tion ^fo-ment-a'shun), n. A warm lotion ; instigation. *Fo-ment-er (f6-ment'ur), n. An encourager, a supporter. F6nd, a. Foolish, silly ; foolishly tender ; loving, (ap. p. — of.) Fon-dle (f6n'dl), v. t. To treat with great indulgence; to caress. Fon'dling, p. prs. : — n., one re- garded with great affection ; one fondled. [fondles. Fox-dler (f6n'dlur), n. One who Fond-ly (fond'le), ad. With great affection or tenderness. Fond-ness (fSnd'nes), n. Foolish- ness, weakness ; tenderness, (ap. p.— for.) [275.] F6nt, n. A baptismal vessel; an assortment of types. F6nt'1l, a. Relating to a fountain or source. F66d, n. Victuals, provision ; that which nourishes ; sustenance. *F66d'f-&l, a. Fruitful, full of food. F66l, n. An idiot; a buffoon: — v. i., to trifle ; to play : — v. *., to treat with contempt; to disap- point. Fool-er-y (f661'urYe), n. Habitual folly ; trifling practice. *Fool'er v ies, n. pi. *Fool-hard-i-ness (fo61-hard'e- v nes), n. Senseless courage. Fool-hard-y (f'661-hard'e), a. Madly adventurous, venturesome. FdOL'isH, a. Void of understand- ing ; weak of intellect ; im- prudent. Fool-ish-ly (f661'IshHe), ad. In a foolish manner; without un- derstanding ; absurdly. *Fool-ish-ness (f&ol'ish x nes), n. Want of understanding; folly. *Fools-cap (fdolz'kap), n. A large-sized writing-paper. Foot (fiit), n. [pi. feet.] The part upon which a person or thing stands ; the base ; infan- try ; a measure in poetry ; a measure of length, containing 12 lineal inches ; a measure of surface, containing 144 square inches ; a measure of solidity or capacity, containing 1728 cubic inches : — v. i., to dance ; to trip ; to walk: — v. t., to spurn; to kick ; to tread ; to add up. (ap. p. — from, out, up.) Footing, p. prs. : — n., ground for the foot; foundation, support; condition, state. Foot-ball (fiit'bal), n. A ball driven by the foot. Foot-boy (fut'b6e), n. A menial; an errand-boy. *Foot-bridge (fut'brldje), n. A narrow bridge. Foot-fall (fut'fal), n. A footstep. Foot-hold (fiit'hold), n. Space for the foot to stand on. Foot-ing. See under foot. Foot-man (fut'man), n. A menial servant in livery. Foot'men, n. pi. *Foot-pace (fut'pase), n. A slow gait. Foot-pad (fut'pad), n. A high- wayman on foot. Foot-path (fut'pad), n. A way for foot-passengers. Foot-step (fut'step), n. Trace; track ; a mark by the foot. Foot-stool (fut'st661), n. A stool for the feet. F6p, n. A coxcomb ; one fond of dress ; a gay, trifling man. Fop-per-y (f6p'pur v re), n. Folly,' impertinence ; affectation of im- portance or show. *Fop'per n ies, n. pi. F6p'p!sh, a. Vain in dress. *Fop-pish-ly (f6p'pish v le), ad. In a foppish manner ; vainly. F6p'pIsh x ness, n. Showy vanity. F6r, prp. Because of; with re- spect to ; in the place of; for the sake of; in consideration of; to- ward; against; in favor of ; ac- cording to ; in quest of : — con. c, because; on this account; that, forasmuch. *For-age (f6r / !j), v. i. To wander in search of provisions; to rav- age: — v. t., to plunder; to strip: — n., search for provisions; food for cattle. For'a v ging, p. prs. F 6 -rA/men, n. A small hole or opening. Fo-ram-i-na (f6-ram'e v n&), n. pi. *For-as-much ( x f6r-az-mutsh r ), con.c. Because that, (cor.c. — as.) Fo-ray (f6'ra), n. An incursion for pillage. FOR-BADE(f6r-bad / ),i?^.f.ofFORBID. For-bear (fdr-bare'), v. i. [for- bore — forborne.] To cease from; to pause; to delay; to abstain: — v. t., to decline, omit voluntarily; to spare; to treat with clemency. [174-16.] *For-bear-ance (f6r-bare'&nse), n. Command of temper; lenity; restraint; mildness. 207 FOR FOR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, mSve, FOR For-bid (fftr-bld'), v. t. [forbid Or FORBADE — FORBIDDEN Or FOR bid.] To prohibit; to oppose; to hinder. For-bid'ding, p. prs. : — a., raising abhorrence ; repulsive. *For-bid-dance (f6r-bld'danse), n. Prohibition. F5r-b6re', pat. t. Of FORBEAR. *"F6R-B6RNE r , p. prf. Of FORBEAR. Force (forse), n. Strength, vigor, might; violence; efficacy; va- lidity; armament [236-1] : — v. t, to compel; to constrain; to over- power; to enforce; to impel; to coerce ; to storm ; to take or en ter by violence; to oblige; to extort. *For'cing, p. prs. Force-ful (f6rse'Ml), a. Violent, strong, impetuous. Force-less (fdrse'lSs), a. With- out force, feeble. *For-ceps (fdr f s&$s),n.pl A surgi- cal instrument for extracting. Force-Pump (forse'pump), n. A pump for elevating water more than thirty-two feet above its level, or for filling the boiler of a steam-engine. For-cer (for'sur), n. That which forces, drives, or constrains. *For-ci-ble (f6r / se x bl), a. Strong; violent; powerful; energetic; valid. For-ci-bly (f6r'seH)l&), ad. Im- petuously; strongly; by force. Ford, n. A shallow part of a river : — v. t., to pass without swimming. *Ford-a-ble (fordTbl), a. Pass. able without swimming. F6re, a. [former — foremost (in place), first (in order).] An- terior ; forward : — ad., before anteriorly: — n., the stem of a ship. Fore'arm, n. The part of the arm which extends from the elbow to the wrist. 208 Fore-arm (f6re-arm'), v. t. To provide with arms beforehand. Fore-bode (f6re-bode'), v. i. To prognosticate ; to foretell. *Fore-bo'ding, p. prs. Fore-cast (f6re'kast), n. Con trivance beforehand; foresight. Fore-cast (f6re-kast'), v. t. To scheme; to plan; to contrive beforehand. *Fore-cas-tle (fore'kas\sl), That part of the upper deck of a ship which is near the prow. *Fore-ci-ted (f6re-sl'tfid), a. Quoted before. Fore-close (f6re-kl6ze'), v, t. To shut off; to preclude; to deprive of power to redeem a mortgage. *FoRE-CLo'siNG, p. prs. Fore-clos-ure (f6re-kl6'zhur), n, Act of foreclosing. Fore-doom (f6re-d66m'), v. t. To predestinate. *Fore-fa-ther (fore'fa-raur or f6re-fa/THur), n. Ancestor. *Fore-fin-ger (f6re-fing'gur), n. The finger next to the thumb. Fore-foot (f6re'fut), n. One of the forward feet of an animal. Fore'feet, n. pi. Fore-go (f6re-g6')> v. t. [fore- went — foregone.] [prs. t. 3, foregoes.] To quit, give up. *Fore-ground (f6re'gr6und), n. The front part of a picture. F6re'hand, a. Done too soon. *Fore-head (f6r'£d or fdr'bid), n. The upper part of the face; as- surance. For-eign (ffa'rln), a. Belonging to another country ; not domes- tic; alien; remote; extraneous; not to the point, (ap. p. — to, from.)t For-eign-er (f6r'rin > ur), n. One from another country : an alien ; a stranger. [Remoteness. *For-eign-ness (^r'rln^nes), n. Fore-judge (f6re-judje')> v. t. To judge beforehand. *Fore-judg'ing, p. prs. Fore-know (f6re-n6'), v. t. [fore- knew — foreknown.] To know beforehand ; to foresee. *Fore-knowl-edge (f6re-n&l'- l£dje), n. Prescience; knowledge of that which is to happen. Fore-land (fdre'land), n. A prom- ontory, headland. *Fore-lay (f6re-la'), v. t. [fore- laid — forelaid.] To lay wait for; to entrap. Fore-lock (f6re'16k), n. The hair that grows on the forehead. F6re-m1n, n. The first or chief person on a jury; the director of a business. Fore'men, n. pi. *F6re'mast, n. The mast nearest the head or bow of a ship. Fore-men-tion-ed (fdre-meV- shund), a. Mentioned or cited before. F6re'm6st, a. First in place. Fore-na-med (f6re-namd / )> cu Named before. Fore-noon (f6re'n66n), n. The time of day before noon. *Fo-REN-sic (f6-reVsik), a. Be* longing to courts of justice. *Fore-or-dain ( v f6re-dr-dane'), v. t. To predestinate; to pre- determine. *Fore-or-di-na-tion (fire^r-de- na'shun), n. Predestination. F6re'pArt, n. The anterior part. Fore-run (fore-run'), v. t. [fore- ran Or FORERUN — FORERUN.] To precede. Fore-run'ning, p. prs. *Fore-run-ner (f6re-ran'nur), iu A messenger sent before; a pre- cursor ; a harbinger. Fore-say (fore-sa'), v. t. [fore- said — ^foresaid.] To predict. *Fore-see (fore-see'), v. t. [fore- saw — foreseen.] To see be- forehand. Fore-ship (f6re'ship), n. The an- terior part of a ship. FOR FOR n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — ^in, THis. FOR Fore-short-en (f6re-sh6r'tn), v. t To outline according to a front or oblique view of an object. Fore-show (f&re-sh6')> v. t. [fore- showed — FORESHOWED Or FORE- SHOWN.] To represent an event before it happens ; to predict. Fore-sight (fore'slte), n. Fore- knowledge; a seeing before- hand; penetration. *For-est (f6r'est), n. A tract of ground covered with trees : — a., covered with trees ; rustic. *Fore-stall (f6re-stal'), v. t. To anticipate; to take up before- hand : — see regrate. Fore-stall-er (f6re-stal'lur), n. One who anticipates the market. *For-est-er (f6r / est v ur), n. A keeper of the forest; one who lives in a forest. Fore-taste (fdre'taste), n. An- ticipation of; a taste beforehand. Fore-taste (fore-taste'), v. t. To taste before. *Fore-tast'ing, p. prs. Fore-tell (f6re-tel'), v. t. [fore told — foretold.] To predict; to prophesy; to tell before an event happens. *Fore-tell'ing, p. prs. Fore-tell-er (fore-tel'lur), 71. One who predicts or prophesies. *Fore-thought (f6re'«Aawt), n. Prescience, anticipation; provi- dent care ; caution. Fore-to-ken (f6re-t6'kn), v. t. To foreshow, prognosticate : — n., a previous sign, prognostic. F6re-t6ld', pst. t. and p. prf. of foretell. Fore-top (f6re't6p), n. The hair on the forehead. For-ev-er (f6r-eVur), ad. At all times ; eternally. [forehand. s^re-warn', v. t. To admonish be- FORE-WENT', pst. t. Of FOREGO. *For-feit (foYfit), n. Something lost by the commission of a crime ; a fine : — v. t., to lose by some offense [251-14] : — a., lost by fine ; liable to penal seizure. *For-feit-a-ble (fdrWaMri), a. Capable of being forfeited. For-feit-ure (f3r'fit x yur), n. The act of forfeiting ; the thing forfeited; amulet; a penalty. F6R-GAVE', pst. t. Of FORGIVE. Forge (f6rje), n. A place where iron is beaten into form : — v. t., to form by the hammer; to coun- terfeit; to falsify; to fabricate. [192-14.] *Forg'ing, p. prs. Forg-er (forj'ur), n. One who makes or forms ; one who coun- terfeits. Forg-er-y (f6rj'urVe), n. The crime of counterfeiting; the thing counterfeited. ^Forg'er^ies, n. pi. For-get (f6r-gef), v. t. [forget — forgotten or forgot.] To lose memory of; to neglect; to slight. *For-get'ting, p. prs. *For-get-ful (f6r-get'ful), a. Apt to forget; oblivious, negligent. FoR-GET-FUL-NESS^dr-geVfiirnes) n. Oblivion, loss of memory. For-give (fdr-giv'), v. t. [for- gave — forgiven.] To pardon; to remit; to overlook. For-giv'ing, p. prs. *For-give-ness (fdr-glv'nes), n, The act of forgiving, pardon; disposition to forgive. For-got / , pst. t. and p. prf. of FORGET. *FOR-GOT'TEN, p. prf. of FORGET. Fork, n. An instrument divided at one end into two or more prongs : — v. i., to shoot into branches: — v. t., to pitch with a fork. Fork-ed-ness ^rk'ed^ne's), n. An opening into branches. Fork-ed (fSrk'ed), ) a. Opening Fork-y (f6rk'e), j into two or more parts. 18* F6r-l6rn', a. Deserted, forsaken; wretched, desperate. '^FdR-LdRN'NEss^.Misery^olitude. F6rm, n. Shape; a mould; beauty; external appearance ; stated method; a long seat; a class; ceremony : — v. t., to make ; to model ; to plan ; to shape. For'mal, a. Ceremonious ; regu- lar, precise; methodical; exact. [139-24.] For-mal-ism (f6r , marizm), n. The quality of being formal. For-mal-ist (fdr^maHst), n. One who prefers appearance to re- ality ; a hypocrite. *For-mal-i-ty (f6r-mal'le x te), n. Ceremony, order. For-malVties, n. pi. For-mal-ly (for'marie), ad. Ac- cording to forms; ceremoniously. For-ma-tion (fdr-ma'shun), n. Act of forming; creation; contriv- ance ; a band of minerals formed in the same geological epoch. For-ma-tive (fdr'maMv), a. Hav- ing the power of giving form; tending to form ; plastic. For-mer (fdr'mur), n. He who forms: — a. f before another in time: — opposed to latter. For-mer-ly (f6r'mur v le), ad. In times past. For-mi-da-ble (f6r'me'da-bl), a. Terrible, dreadful ; impressing fear. [105-2.] For-hi-da-ble-ness (f6Vme\Ia-bl- N nes), n. Dreadfulness. For-mi-da-bly (fdr'meMa-ble), ad. In a terrible manner. F6rm'less, a. Shapeless. For-mu-la (fSr'miiia), n. A pre- scribed form ; a model ; an alge- braic expression of a rule. *For'mu n l^3, ) , ForWlas, ) n ' pL For-mu-la-ry (fSr'muMa-re), n. A book containing forms or prece- dents : — a., prescribed. For'mu\la-ries, n. pi. 209 FOR Fate, far, £8,11, fat- FOS -me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, FOU For-sake (fSr-sake'), v. t. [for- sook — forsaken.] To leave ; to desert,* to fail* to give up; to depart from. For-SA'king, p. prs. For-sooth (fdr-sbbth'), ad. In truth; certainly. *For-swear (for-sware'), v. t. [FORSWORE — FORSWORN.] To renounce upon oath ; to be per- jured : — v. i., to swear falsely ; to commit perjury. F6rt, n. A fortified house ; a castle. F6rte, n. That in which one ex- cels. [192-7.] Forth (fdrth), ad. [further — furthest.] Forward; abroad; out into view. J^§*~ Forth, formerly written furth, is the obsolete positive of the comparative further and the superlatives furthest and furthermost (adjectives). Forth-com-ing (f6r^-kum'lng), a. Ready or about to appear. Forth-with (fbrth-wlth'), ad. Immediately. *For-ti-eth (f6r'te x M), a. The or- dinal of forty ; noting the number forty. For-ti-fi-ca-tion ( x f6r-t6-fe-ka'- shun), n. A place built for strength; the science of forti- fying. For-ti-fy (f6r'te v fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, fortifies. ]To strengthen against attacks ; to confirm ; to secure ; to invigorate. For'ti n fi-ed, p.prf. FoR-Ti-TUDE(f6r'te N tude),n.Resolu- tion,courage, endurance. [32-14.] Fort-night (fdrt'nlte or fort'nlt), n. The space of two weeks. F6r'tress, n. A stronghold; a for- tified place ; a citadel. *For'tress v es, n. pi. *For-tu-i-tous (f6r-tu'eHus), a. Accidental, casual. For-tu-i-tous-ly ^r-tu'e'tus-le), ad. Accidentally. 210 For-tu-i-ty (fdr-tu'e N te,), n. Luck, chance. For-tu-nate (fflr'tiMt), a. Lucky, successful, prosperous. [83.] For-tu-nate-ly (f6Vtu N nit-le), ad, Happily, successfully, luckily. Fort-une (f6r'tune or fdrt'yun), n. The chance of life; means of living; event; estate, wealth, riches : — v. i. 9 to befall, happen. Fort'uVing, p. prs. Fort-une-Hunt-er (fSr'tune- x hunt-ur or f6rt'yun'hunt-ur), n, A man who seeks to marry a woman with a fortune. Fort-une-Tell-er (f6r'tuneHel -lur or f6rt'yunH§l-lur), n. One who pretends to the knowledge of future events. [ten ; 40. For-ty (fdr'te), a. orn. Four times F6'rum, n. A public place ; a tri- bunal ; a court of justice. F6'ra, ) 4 Fd'RUMsJ 7 ^ F6r'w1rd, ad. Towards, onward: — a.,warm,earnest,ardent, eager; bold, confident; early ripe: — v.t., to hasten ; to advance ; to promote. For-ward-er (fdr'ward^ur), n. He who promotes or forwards. For-ward-ly (f6r'ward v le), ad. Eagerly, hastily, quickly. For-ward-ness (fdr'ward^nes), n. Quickness ; earliness ; prompt- ness; want of reserve; confidence. For- wards (for'wardz), ad. On- ward; progressively. •Fosse (f6s), n. A ditch, a moat. F6s's!l, a. Dug out of the earth : — n., that which is dug out of the earth; remains of animals and plants found in rocks, &e. Fos-siL-iF-E-ROUs( x f6s-sll-ifur > us) a.Producing or containing fossils. Fos-sil-ize (fos'sirize), v. t. To convert into a fossil: — v. i. y to become a fossil. x Fos-sil-i'zing, p. prs. Fos-ter (f6s'tur), v. t. To nurse ; to encourage, cherish. [358-19.] Fos-ter-Child (f6s'tur x tshild), n. A child bred by one who is not a parent. F0S-TER-FA-THER(f6s'tur V fa-THttr) n. One who brings up another man's child. Fos-ter-Moth-er (f6s'tuYmuTH- ur), n. A nurse. Fos-ter-Son (f6s'tur\sun), n. An adopted son. Foth-er (f6TH'ur), v. t. To stop a leak in a ship by means of oak- um : — n., a weight of lead con- taining 19£ hundred-weight. Fought (fawt), pst. t. and p. prf. of FIGHT. F6ul, a. Not clean; filthy; im- pure ; wicked ; gross ; stormy : — v. t. y to daub, bemire ; to pollute. *Foul-ly (fdiil'le), ad. Filthily ; nastily. Foul-mouth-ed (fdul'mSuTHd), a. Using foul language ; scurrilous. Foul'ness, n. Filthiness, pollution. F6und, pst. t. and p. prf. of find : — v. t.y to lay the basis of a building; to institute; to estab- lish ; to form by casting metal. (ap. p. — on or upon a basis ; in truth.) Found-a-tion (found-a'shun), n. The basis or lower part of an edifice ; groundwork ; original ; establishment. Found-er (fMncl'ur), n. One who endows ; a builder ; a caster in metals [192-1] : — v. t., to make lame: — v. L, to sink; to fail; to fill. [61-27.] F6und'ling, n. A child deserted by parent or guardian. Foundress, n. A woman who founds, builds, or establishes. •^Found'ress^es, n. pi. Found-er-y (f6iind'ur x re), *Found-ry (fMnd're), A place for casting figures in metal ; the art of casting metals. Found'er^ies, \ 7 Foundries, J ' * ' }„ FRA FRA n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p5und — thin, THis. FRA Fount (f5unt). ]_ n. A well ; *Foun-tain (fSiin'tln), j a source ; a spring ; a spout of water ; an original. F6unt, «. A complete set of let- ters ; a set of types. Four (fore), a. or n. Twice two ; 4. Four-fold (f6re'f61d), a. Four times repeated. Four-foot-ed (f6re'futfed), a. Having four feet. Four-i-er-ism (f66're x ur-izm), n. See communism. #Four-score (f6re'sk&re), a. Four times twenty. Four-teen (f'6re'teen), a. or n. Four and ten; 14. *Four-teenth (f6re'teenjA), a. The ordinal of fourteen; noting the number fourteen. ^Fourth (forth), n. The ordinal of four ; noting the number four. Fourth-ly (fbrth'lk), ad. In the fourth place. Fowl (fMl), n. A winged animal, a bird : — v. i., to kill birds for food or game. *Fowl-er (fdul'ur), n. A sports- man who catches birds. *FowL-iNGr-PiECE(f6ul'lng x peese), n. A gun for shooting birds. Fox (f6ks), n. A wild animal of the dog kind, remarkable for his cunning; a knave; a cunning fellow. Fox'es, n. pi. Fox-chase (f&ks'tshase), n. The pursuit of a fox with hounds. Fox-hunt-er (f6ks'hunfur), n. One fond of hunting foxes. Fox-ish (f6kslsh), a. Cunning, wily, artful. [for foxes. Fox-trap (f&ks'trap), n. A snare *Fox-y (f6ks'e), a. Likeafox, wily. *Fra-cas (fra'kas or fra-ka'), n. A noisy quarrel ; a riot. Fra'cas v es, n. pi. FRAC-TiON(frak / shun),n. The act of breaking, the state of being bro- ken; a broken part of an integer. 7fiM~ Mathematical fractions are Vulgar, Decimal, and Duo- decimal. A Vulgar fraction is one having an expressed de- nominator; a Decimal is one having an unexpressed de- nominator of some power of ten; a Duodecimal, one having an unexpressed denominator of some power of twelve. Vul- gar fractions are proper, im- proper, simple, compound, com- plex, mixed, and continued. Decimal fractions are finite or terminating, and infinite or circulating. In Mathematical Analysis, rational and vanish- ing fractions are employed. For further information, see w Dictionary of Mathematics," by Davies and Peck. Frac-tion-al (frak'shun x al), a. Relating to fractions. *Frac-tious (frak'shus), a. Apt to quarrel ; peevish. Frac-ture (frak'tshur), n. Rup- ture, breach, separation of con- tinuous parts : — v. U, to break a bone ; to crack. *Frac'tu x ring, p. prs. Fra-gile (fra'jil), a. Brittle, frail, easily destroyed or broken. *Fra-gil-i-ty (fra-jil'le'te), n. Brittleness, frailty, weakness. Frag-ment (frag'ment), n. A part broken from the whole ; an im- perfect piece. *FRAG-MENT-A-RY(frag'ment v a-re), a. Composed of fragments. Fra-grance (fra'granse), \ *Fra-gran-cy (fra'granse), j n ' Sweetness of smell; pleasing scent. Fra'grInt, a. Odorous, aromatic, sweet-scented. [247-2.] Fra-grant-ly (fra'grant v le), ad. With a sweet odor. *Frail (frale), n. A basket made of rushes : — a., weak ; liable to error; easily injured. Frail-ty (frale'te), a. Weakness ; infirmity; imperfection. [171.] *Frail'ties, n. pi. Frame, v. t. To form; to make; to regulate ; to plan ; to invent : — n., the timbers which support a building of any kind; struc- ture; order; regularity; shape; scheme ; a rack. Fra'ming, p. prs. Frame-work (frame'wurk), n. The frame. Franc (frank), n. A French coin valued at nearly 19 cents. *Fran-chise (fran'tshlz), n. Ex- emption from duty ; privilege ; immunity [147-3] : — v. t., to make free. Franchising, p. prs. *Fran-chise-ment (fran'tshlz- ^ment), n. Release from duty; freedom. *Fran-gi-bil-i-ty ( x fran-je-bli'e- He), n. State of being frangible. Fran-gi-ble (fran'je x bl), a. Fra- gile, brittle, liable to break. Frank (frangk), a. Liberal, gene- rous; candid, open, sincere: — n., a letter free of postage : — v. t., to make free; to exempt letters from postage. *Frank-in-cense (frangkln^sense or frangk-ln'sense), n. A kind of odoriferous resin, used as a perfume. [91-1.] Frank-lin (frangk'lln), n. A freeholder. Frank-ly (frangk'le), ad. With- out reserve, liberally, freely. Frank-ness (frangk'ne's), n. Plain- ness, openness, liberality, candor. Fran-tic (fran'tik), a. Transported with passion, mad, raving. [60-18.] Fran-tic-ly (fran'tik v le), ad. Out- rageously, madly. Fran-tic-ness (fran'tlk x nes), n. Madness, fury of passion. Fra-ter'nal, a. Brotherly. FRA-TER-NAL-LY(fra-ter'nal v le),ad. In a brotherly manner. 211 FRE FRE Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, FRE Fra-ter-ni-ty (fra-ter'ne\e), n, A body of men united, society : a brotherhood. [363-11.] *Fra-ter'ni x ties, n. pi. *Fra-ter'n1ze, v. t. To unite as brothers. x Fra-ter-ni'zing, p. pra. Frat-ri-ci-dal (Yrat-re-sl'dal), a. Relating to fratricide. Frat-rt-cide (frat're^side), n. The murder or murderer of a brother. Fraud (frawd), n. Deceit, cheat. Fraud-ful (frawd'ful), a. Artful, treacherous, trickish. Fraud-ful-ly (frawd'fuHe), ad. Deceitfully. *Fraud-u-lence (frawd'u^lense), Fraud-u-len-cy (frawd'uMen-se), n. Deceitfulness, proneness to artifice, fraud. Fraud-u-lent (frawd'u^lent), a. Trickish, deceitful, dishonest. FRAUD-u-LENT-LY(frawd'u N lent-le) ad. By fraud, deceitfully. *Fraught (frawt), a. Laden; filled. [97-32.] Fray (fra), n. A broil; a battle : — v. t., to rub, wear away by rubbing ; to terrify ; to frighten. Freak (freek), n. A sudden fancy ; a whim. Freak-ish (freek'ish), a. Whim- sical, capricious. *Freak-ish-ly (freek'lsh'le), ad. Capriciously. Freck-le (frek'kl), n. A spot in the skin : — v. t., to acquire freckles. Freck'ling, p. prs. *Freck-led (frek'kld), a. Spotted. Freck-ly (frSk'kle), a. Full of freckles. Free, a. At liberty ; open, unre- strained ; liberal ; frank ; ex- empt : — v. t., to set at liberty; to clear from ; to exempt ; to dis- entangle, (ap. p. — from.) *Free-a-gen-cy (free-a'j£n x se), n. The state of acting without restraint. 212 *Free-boot-er (free'b&6t N ur), n. A robber, a plunderer. Fref/b6rn, a. Inheriting liberty. Freed'man, n. A slave manumitted. Freed'men, n. pi. Free-dom (free'dum), n. Liberty ; privilege; ease or facility; im- munity ; boldness. [Liberal. *Free-heart-ed (free-hart'ed), a. Free'hold, n. A land or tenement held for term of life, or in per- petual right. *Free-hold-er (free'hold^ur), n. One who has a freehold. Free-ly (free'le), ad. At liberty; without restraint; liberally; in abundance. *Free'm1n, n. One not a slave or vassal; one partaking of rights or immunities ; a citizen. Free'men, n. pi. Free-ma-son (free-ma'sn), One recognized in the masonic ■ fraternity. Free-ma-son-ry (free-ma'snYe), n. The principles, obligations, and privileges of the masonic broth erhood. Free-Mind-ed (free-minded), a. Not constrained; without care. Free'ness, n. Openness, liberality. *Free-school (free'sk661), n. A school open and free to all. Free-spo-ken (free-sp6'kn), a. Ac- customed to speak without reserve. Free-stone (free'st6ne), n. A stone used in building. *Free-think-er (free'VMngk-ur), n. An unbeliever ; a contemner of religion. Free-will (free-wiV), n. The power of directing our own ac- tions : — a., voluntary. Freeze (freez), v. i. [froze or FREEZED FROZEN Or FREEZED.] To be congealed with cold : — v. t., to congeal with cold; to kill by cold; to chill; to harden into ice. *Freez'ing, p. prs. ^Freight (frate), v. t. To load a ship or vessel with goods for transportation: — rc., the loading of a ship ; the price of trans- portation. French, n. The people or lan- guage of France : — a., belonging to France. *French'h6rn, n. A wind-instru- ment of music. French-i-fy (fr&nch' frf\),v.t.[pr8.t. 3,frenchifies.]To makeFrench. FrenchV fi-ed, p. prf. *FREN-zY(freVze),n.Madness,rage, fury : — often spelled phrensy Fren'zies, n. pi. [88-19.] *Fre-net-ic. See phrenetic. *Fre-quen-cy (fre'kweVse), n. Common occurrence. [19-19.] *Fre-quent (fre'kwent), a. Often done or seen ; common. *Fre-quent (fre-kw^nf), v. t. To visit often ; to resort to. *Fre-quent-a-ble (fre-kw§nt'a- x bl), a. Capable of being fre- quented ; accessible. Fre-quent-a-tion (^fre-kwSnt-a'- shun), n. Habit of frequenting. Fre-quent-er (fre-kwent'ur), n. One who frequents. Fre-quent-ly (fre'kwentfle), ad. Often, commonly. Fres-co (freVk6), n. A painting on fresh plaster: — v. t. y to paint a fresco. *Fres'coes, n. pi. Fresh, a. Cool; not salt ; florid; new ; sweet ; vigorous ; brisk : — n. } a freshet. Fresh-en (fresh'shn), v. t. To make fresh : — v. i., to grow fresh or strong. Fresh'et, ii. A sudden rise in the waters of a river. Fresh-ly (fre'sh'le), ad. Coolly ; newly; briskly. Fresh-man (frlsh'man), «. A novice; one in the lowest class of a college. Fresh'men, n. pi. FRI FRI nSr, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pMnd — ^in, this. FRO Fresh-ness (frSsh'nSs), n? The state of being fresh ; newness briskness; coolness. Fret, n. A frith or strait of the sea ; an agitation of liquors ; architectural work rising in pro- tuberance ; passion : — v. t., to wear away by rubbing ; to form into raised work ; to vex ; to dis- turb ; to tease : — v. i., to be in commotion ; to be worn away ; to be angry; to worry. [327-1.] *Fret'ting, p. prs. Fret'ted, p. prf. Fret-ful (freVful), a. Angry; peevish ; easily vexed. Fret-ful-ly (freVfiirie), ad. Ill- humoredly, peevishly. Fret-ful-ness (freVfdrnSs), n. Peevishness, ill-humor. Fret-work (freVwurk), n. In Architecture, raised work; ma- sonry raised into frets. ♦Fri-a-bil-i-ty Ofri-a-bll'leHe), n. Capacity of being reduced to powder. *Fri-a-ble (friTbl), a. Easily crumbled. Fri-ar (frl'ur), n. A religious brother of some regular order. Fri-ar-y (frMr're), n. A monas- tery, or convent of friars. *Fri'ar x ies, n. pi. Frib-ble (frib'bl), a. Trifling, silly : — v. t. y to trifle. *Frib-bler (frib'blur), n. A trifler. #Fric-as-see (Yrik-a-see'), n. A stew or fry of chickens cut in pieces : — v. t., to dress in fricassee. Friction (frik'shun), n. The act of rubbing ; attrition. Fri-day (frl'de), n. The sixth day of the week. Friend (frend), n. One joined to another by affection ; a compan- ion; a Quaker. Friend-less (fre'nd'le's), a. Want- ing friends. Friend-li-ness (fre'nd'le^nes), n. A disposition to friendship,kindness. Friend-ly (fre'nd'le), a. Having the disposition of a friend ; kind, favorable, amicable, (ap.p. — to.) Friend-ship (frend'ship), n. In timacy with affection ; personal kindness ; favor ; assistance ; help. [53-27.] [280-18.] ^Frieze (freeze), n. A coarse, woolen cloth ; in Architecture, the part of the entablature between the architrave and the cornice : — v. t., to form a nap or cloth. Frig-ate (frig'it), n. A small ship-of-war, mounting from twen ty-eight to fifty guns. Fright (frlte), n. A sudden terror or alarm ; a thing of terror. *Fright (frlte), j v. t. To ter- Fright-en (frl'tn), j rify; to scare, to shock with fear. Fright-ful (frlte'f&l), a. Dread- ful, awful, full of terror. *Fright-ful-ly (fiite'faTlS), ad. Dreadfully, horribly. *Fright-ful-ness (frite'furne : s),w. The power of impressing terror. Frig-id (frij'ld), a. Cold ; impo- tent, lifeless ; formal. [240.] *Frig-id-i-ty (frlj-id'eHe),n. Cold- ness ; state of being frigid. Frig-id-ly (frij'id N le), ad. Dully, coldly, unfeelingly. Frig-id-ness (frlj'ldWs), n. Cold- ness, want of affection. Frig-o-rif-ic (^frlg-6-rifik), a. Causing cold. Frill, v. i. To shiver with cold : — n., an edging; a ruffle. Fringe (frlnje), n. An ornamental trimming, hanging loosely : — v. t., to adorn with fringes. Frin'ging, p. prs. *Frin-ged (frinjd), p. prf. Frip-per-y (Mp'purYl), n. The place where old clothes are sold; old clothes: — a., trifling. *Frip 'perries, n. pi. Frisk (frisk), v. i. To leap ; to skip [210-17] :— m., a frolic,- a fit of wanton gayety. FrIsk'et, n. A frame to confine the sheets of paper in printing. #Frisk-i-ness (frlsk'e'ngs), n. Gayety, liveliness. Frisk-y (fris'ke), a. [friskier — friskiest.] Gay, frolicsome. Fr!t, n. Materials for glass after calcination and before fusion. *Frith (Mth), n. A strait of the sea (sometimes written firth) ; a kind of net. Frit-ter (frit'tur), n. A small piece cut to be fried; a shred; a fragment : — v. t., to cut into small pieces to be fried ; to break into small particles ; to waste in tri- fles. [98-11.] Fri-vol-i-ty (fre-v61'le x te), n. In- significance, triflingness. *Fri-vol'i n ties, n. pi. Friv-o-lous (frlv'oMs), a. Tri- fling, slight. [342-14.] Friv-o-lous-ly (Mv'oHus-le), ad. Triflingly. [252-20.] *Fr!zz, v. t. To curl; to frizzle ; to frieze; to crisp. Friz-zle (frlz'zl), v. t. To curl in short ringlets : — n., a curl. *Friz'zling, p. prs. Fr6, ad. Backward; from. Frock (frSk), n. A dress ; a coat for children ; an outer garment. Fr6g, n. A small amphibious animal; the hollow part of a horse's hoof. *Frol-ic (fr&l'ik), a. Gay, full of levity, merry: — n., a wild prank : — v. i., to play wild pranks ; to sport wildly. ^Frol'ick^ing, p. prs. *Frol'ick-ed, p. prf. Frol-ic-some (fr61'|k x sum), a. Full of gayety ; disposed to frolic. [216-16.] Frol-ic-some-ness (ft^l'ik^sum- nes), n. Wildness of gayety ; pranks. Fr6m, prp. Noting privation, dis- tance, or departure; out of; be- cause of; contrary to. 213 FRO FRU Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, FRY Fr6nd, n. A leafy branch; the leaf of ferns and palms. Fron-da-tion (fr6n-da'shun), n. A lopping of trees. *Fron-desce (fr&n-deV), v. L To put forth leaves. *Fron-dif-e-rous (fr6n-dlfe x rus), a. Bearing leaves. Front (frunt), n. The face; the van of an army; the forepart; impudence: — v. t. f to oppose di- rectly, or face to face : — v. i., to stand foremost. Front-age (frunt'ij), n. The front part of an edifice, Ac. ; the forepart. Fr6nt'al, a. Relating to the forehead. *Fron-tier (fr&n'teer), n. The utmost verge of a territory : — a., bordering. *Front-is-piece (fi^ntls^peese), n. The face of a building; the pic- ture or ornamental page in the front of a book. Front-less (frunt'les), a. With- out shame, unblushing. *Fr6nt'let, n. A bandage worn upon the forehead. Frost (fr&st or frawst), n. The act of congelation or freezing; frozen vapor: — v. £., to cover with a substance resembling frost. Frost-bit-ten (fr&st'bltHn or frawst'bit^tn), a. Nipped by frost. Frost'ed, p. prf. : — a., covered with a substance resembling frost. Frost-i-ly (fr6st'e x le' or frawst'e- N le), ad. With frost, or exces- sive cold. *Frost-i-ness (fr6st'e x nes or frawst'e^nes), n. Cold ; freez- ing cold. Frost-y (frost'e or frawst'e), a. [frostier — frostiest.] Exces- sively cold ; like frost, freezing. Froth (frbth or fr&wth), n. Foam, spume; empty show of wit: — v. i., to foam; to throw out spume. 214 *Froth-i-ly (fr&*fc'e'le or fraw^'- e x le), ad. With foam; in an empty, trifling manner. FR0TH-i-NESs(fr6^e N nes or frkwth'- eWs), n. State of being frothy. Froth-y (fr6«/i'e or frawfA'e), a. Full of froth ; vain. *Frounce (fr6uns), n. A curl; { wrinkle: — v. t., to curl; to friz zle ; to wrinkle. *Frou-zy (frM'z6), a. Dim ; fetid, musty : — also written frowzy Fr6 / wArd, a. Peevish, perverse, disobedient, wayward. *Fro-ward-ly (fr6'ward x le), ad. Peevishly, perversely. Fr6 / ward x ness, n. Peevishness, perverseness. Frown (fr6iin), v. i. To express displeasure by contracting the face to wrinkles : — v. t., to repel by stern looks ; to rebuke (ap. p. — at, upon) : — n., a look of dis- pleasure ; a stern look. Fr6zE, p8t. t. Of FREEZE. FROZEN, p. prf. Of FREEZE. *Fruc-tes-cence (fruk-tes'sens), n. Time of the ripening of fruit. Fruc-tif-er-ous (fruk-tlf'eVus), a. Bearing fruit. *Fruc-ti-fi-ca-tion (Yruk-te-fe- ka'shun), n. The act of causing or bearing fruit, fertility. [27-4.] Fruc-ti-fy (fruk'te'fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, fructifies.] To make fruitful : to fertilize : — v. i. } to bear fruit. ^Fruc'tiVi-ed, p. prf. Fru'gal, a. Thrifty, parsimoni- ous ; economical,sparing. [378-9.] *Fru-gal-i-ty (fru-gal'le x te), n. Thrift, economy, parsimony. [280-17.] *Fru-gal-ly (fru'garie), ad. With economy, parsimoniously. *Fru-gif-e-rous (fru-jif'eVus), a. Bearing fruit. Fruit (fr66t), n. The product of a tree or plant; production; profit; effect, result. Fruit-age (frft&t'lj), n. Fruit collectively. *Fruit-bear-ing (frfi&t'barelng), a. Producing fruit. *Fruit-er-er (frSot'urNlr), n. One who trades in fruit. Fruit-er-y (fr66t'ur v re), «. A repository for fruit. *Fruit'er n ies, n. pi. Fruit-ful (fr&ot'ful), a. Fertile; prolific ; plenteous ; abundant. (ap. p. — in, of.) Fruit-ful-ly (frftSt'furie), ad. Plenteously, abundantly. *Fruit-ful-ness (frooffuPnes), n. Fertility; the quality of being prolific. *Fru-i-tion (fru-ish'un), n. En- joyment, possession, realization. Fruit-less (fr66t'les), a. Barren; vain, unprofitable, useless. Fruit-less-ly (fr6&t'leVle), ad. Vainly, unprofitably, idly. Fru-men-ta-cious ( x fru-me i n-ta'- shus), a. Made of grain ; like grain. Fru-men-ty (fru'menHe), n. Food made of wheat boiled in milk. Frush, n. The tender horn in the sole of a horse's foot. Frush'es, n. pi. Frus'trIte, v. t. To defeat, dis- appoint; to render vain: — a., vain, ineffectual, unprofitable, useless. Frus 'tracing, p. prs. Frus-tra-tion (frus-tra'shun), n. Disappointment, defeat. *"Frus'tum, n. That which re- mains of certain regular solids after the removal of one or more segments. Frus'ta, n. pi. Fru-tes-cent (fru-tes'sent), a. Becoming shrubby. Fry (frl), n. A swarm of little fishes; a dish of things fried [316-4]: — v. t., to dress food by roasting it in a pan : — v. i. f to be roasted in a pan. FUL FUM ndr, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 6!1 — pound — thin, this. FUN *Fries, n. pi. arndprs. t. 3, Fri-ed (frlde), p. prf. *Fry-ing-Pan (fri'lng^pan), n. A pan used for frying. *Fu-cate (fu'kit), ) Fu-ca-ted (fu'kaHSd), j c Painted ; disguised with paint. Fud-dle (fud'dl), v. t. To make drunk : — v. i., to drink to excess. *Fud'dling, p. prs. Fudge (fiidj), in. An expression of contempt. Fu-el (full), n. That which feeds fire, or excitement. Fu-ga-cious (fu-ga'shus), a. Vola- tile, fleeting; fugitive. *Fu-ga-ci-ty (fu-gas'se^te), n. Volatility ; instability. Fu-gi-tive (fu'jeHlv), a. Un- steady; volatile; flying; wan- dering [342-15] : — n.> one who runs from his station or duty ; a runaway. [373-27.] *Fu-gle-man (fu'grman), n. An officer who illustrates, to undis- ciplined soldiers, the movements and manual of the drill : — often written flugelman. Fu'gle^men, n. pi. Ful-crum (ful'krum), n. A prop; the support upon which a lever moves. Ful'cra, Ful'crums *Ful-fil ) .„,, ^ lA . f To ac- FuL-piLL.P fdl - ffl >'*•'•! com- plish ; to complete ; to answer a prophecy or promise by perform- ance. [56.] Ful-fii/ling, p. prs. *Ful-fili/ed, p. prf. Ful-fill-er (ful-fll'ur), n. One who fulfils. *FuL-FIL-MENT ) ,-s, -,. , ,x Accomplishment, completion. Ful-gen-cy (ful'jen r se), n. Splen- dor, brightness. Ful-gent (ful'jent), a. Shining; bright. s> }n.pl. Ful-gor (ful'gur), n. Splendor; dazzling brightness. *Fu-lig-i-nous (fu-llj'e N nus), a, Smoky. Full, a. Replete ; without space ; stored; plump; saturated; com plete ; mature (ap. p. — of) : — n. complete measure; the total: — ad., without abatement ; quite ; exactly; directly: — v. t., to cleanse cloth. Full-Blown (Ml'bl&ne), a. Spread to the utmost extent. Ful-ler (Ml'lur), n. One who dresses and cleanses cloth. *Full-er-y (full'ur'e), n. A place where cloth is fulled. Full-ness ) (ful'nes), n. State of *Ful-ness J being full; plenty ; completeness. Full-Orb-ed (f&l-6rbd'), a. Hav- ing the orb complete. Ful-ly (ful'le), ad. To the de- sired extent; entirely,completely. Ful-mi-nant (ful'me^nant), a. Thundering. Ful-mi-nate (ful'me^nate), v. i. To cause to explode ; to issue eccle- siastical censures. *Ful'miVa-ting, p. prs. Ful-mi-na-tion (Yul-me-na'shun), n. Explosion ; ecclesiastical de- nunciation. *Ful-mi-na-tor-y (ful'me-naHur- re), a. Thundering; striking horror. *Ful-some (ful r sum), a. Nause- ous, offensive. Ful-some-ness (ful'sum r n3s), n. Nauseousness; obscenity. Ful-vid (ful'vid), 1 a. Yellow, Ful-vous (ful'vus), j tawny. Fum-ble (fum'bl), v. i. To at- tempt awkwardly. Fum'bling, p. prs. *Fum-bler (fum'blur), n. An awk- ward person ; a bungler. Fum-bling-ly (fiim'bling^le), ad. In an awkward manner, bung- lingly. Fume, n. Smoke ; vapor [299-7] : — v. i., to smoke ; to pass away in vapor ; to be in a rage : — v. t., to smoke ; to disperse in vapor. Fu'ming, p. prs. Fu'm!d, a. Smoky; vaporous. Fu-mi-gate (fu/me x gate), v. i. To smoke ; to perfume by smoke or vapor ; to purify. *Fu'mi x ga-ting, p. prs. Fu-mi-ga-tion ( v fu-me-ga'shun), n. Act of fumigating. Fu-my (fu'me), a. Producing fumes; full of fumes or vapors. Fun, n. Sport, high merriment. *Fu-NAM-BU-LiST(fu-nain'bu v llst), ft. A rope-walker. Func-tion (fungk'shun), n. Dis- charge ; performance ; power ; office ; natural action of an or- gan. [141-29.] *Func-tion-al (fungk'shun^al), a. Relating to the functions. *Func-tion-a-ry (ftingk'shun^a- re), n. One who holds an office. [363-9.] Fund, n. Stock, capital ; a sum of money: — v. t., to invest in funds : — see funds. FuN-DA-MENT-AL( v fdn-da-ment , al), a. Serving for the foundation ; essential [227-27] : — n., a lead- ing proposition. *FUN-DA-MENT-AL-LY fMn-da- ment'aPle), ad. Essentially ; originally. Funds (fundz), n. pi. Debts funded, for which the interest is provided. *Fu-ner-al (fu'neVal), n. The solemnization of a burial ; obse- quies, interment : — a., used at the ceremony of interment. *Fu-ne-re-al (fu-ne're N al), a. Suiting a funeral ; dark, dismal, mournful. *Fun-gos-i-ty (fung-g&s'eHe), n. A soft excrescence. *Fun-gous (fung'gds), a. Excres- cent, spongy. 215 FUR FUS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, FY #Fun-gus (fung'gus), w. A mush- room; an excrescence. *Fun-gi (ttn'je), ) , Fun-gus-es (fiing'gus^s), J n 'P ' *Fu-ni-cle (fu'ne'kl), n. A small cord ; a fibre. Fu-nic-u-lar (fu-nik'u'lar), a. Consisting of a small cord or fibre. *Fun-nel (fun'nl), n. An in- verted, hollow cone with a pipe descending from it; the shaft of a chimney. Fun-ny (fun'ne), a. [funnier — funniest.] Comical, droll. *Fur, n. Soft hair; a skin with soft hair; a coating on the tongue: — v. t,, to line or cover with fur: — a., made of fur. *Fur'ring, p. p?'8. *Fur-red (furd), p. prf. *Fur-be-low (fur'be N 16), n. Fur or other ornament fringing a garment: — v. t., to adorn with furbelows. Fur-bish (fdr'blsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, furbishes.] To polish ; to rub up. *Fur-cate (fur'klt), ) Fur-ca-ted (fur'kaHSd), J °" Forked ; branching into forks. Fur-ca-tion (fur-ka'shun), n. A forked state. Fur-fur (furfur), n. Dandruff; husk ; scurf. Fu-ri-ous (fu'reNls), a. Mad, raging, violent, fierce. [278-19.] *Fu-ri-ous-ly (fu'reMs-le), ad. Madly, vehemently, with fury. Furl (furl), v. t. To fold up; to contract. Fur-long (fur'16ng), n. The eighth part of a mile ; forty rods. *Fur-lough (fur'l&), n. A tem- porary leave of absence from military service. *Fur-nace (fur'nis), n. An en- closed place for melting or heating. 216 Fur-nish (fur'nlsh), % t. [prs. t. ' 3, furnishes.] To supply; to fit up; to equip; to adorn. [55-14.] #Fur-ni-ture (fur'neHshure), n. Movables ; goods put in a house for use or ornament ; equipage. Fur-ri-er (fur're'ur), n. A dealer in furs. *Fur-row (ftir'ro), n. A small trench made by the plough ; a long trench or hollow [120] : — v. t., to cut in furrows. *Fur-ry (fur're), a. Covered with fur. *Fur-ther (fur / THur), a. com. At a great distance; beyond this : see forth : — ad. corn., to a greater distance: — v. t., to for- ward; to assist. *Fur-ther-ance (fur'TH&r^ans), n. Promotion, advancement. Fur-ther-er (fur'THur N ur), n. A promoter ; an advancer. *Fur-ther-more (fur'THur v m6re), ad. Moreover, besides. FUR-THEST (fUj/TH^St), ) Fur-ther-most (fur'THur r most), j a. sup. Most distant. See forth. Fur-thest (fiir'THest), ad. sup. of forth. To the greatest distance. *Fur-tive (fur'tiv), a. Gotten by theft, stolen ; secret. Fu-ry (fu're), n. Madness, rage; passion ; in Mythology, one of the infernal deities. [301-13.] *Fu'ries, n. pi. * Furze (furz), n. Gorse, whin, a prickly shrub. [with furze. Fur-zy (ftir'ze), a. Overgrown *Fus-cous (fiis'kus), a. Brown : of a dark color. Fuse (fuze), v. t. To melt, to put into fusion : — v. i., to be melted. Fu'sing, p. prs. *Fu-see (fu-zee'), n. The cone round which is wound the cord or chain of a clock or watch ; a pipe for firing a bomb or blast ; a small ; neat musket ; a firelock. *Fu-si-bil-i-ty ( v fu-ze-bil'leHe), n. Capacity of being melted; qual- ity of being fusible. Fu-si-ble (fu'ze N bl), a. Capable of being melted. *Fu-sil (fu'zll or fu-zee'), n. A firelock; a small, neat musket; a fusee. *Fu-sil-eer ] ffu-zll-leer'), ». A Fu-sil-ier J soldier armed with a fusil. Fu-sion (fu'zhun), n. The act of melting; the state of being melt- ed; fluidity. Fuss, n. A tumult, a bustle, a noise : — v. i., to make a tumult. Fus-SY(fus'se), a. [fussier — fus- siest.] Bustling in small affairs. Fust, n. The shaft of a column ; an ill, musty smell. *Fus-tian (fus'tshan), n. A kind of cloth ; bombast : — a., made of fustian ; swelling ; ridiculously pompous. [dia dye-wood. Fus-tic (fus'tlk), n. A West In- Fus-ti-gate (fus'te^gate), v. L To beat with a stick. *Fus'ti x ga-ting, p. prs. Fus-ti-ness (fds' tone's), n. A fusty state; mouldiness. Fus-ty (fus'te), a. Smelling mouldy. Fu-tile (fu'tll), a. Trifling; worthless ; ineffectual. *Fu-til-i-ty (fu-til'le x te), n. Want of weight or effect. Fu-ture (fu'tshiir or fu'tshure), a. That will be hereafter : — n., time to come. *Fu-tu-ri-ty (fu-tu're v te), n. Time to come; events to come. Fuze. See fusee. Fuzz, v. i. [prs. t. 3, fuzzes.] To fly out in small particles. *Fuzz-ball (fuz'bal), n. A kind of fungus. *Fuz-zle (fuz'zl), v. t. To make drunk; to intoxicate. Fuzz'ling, p. prs. Fie ) (fl), in. A word expressing *Fy J blame or contempt. GAI GAL n5r, not— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. GAL G(jee), n. The seventh letter and the fifth consonant is sounded hard before a, o, and u } and sometimes hard and some- times soft before e, i, and y. The name is written Gee, and the plural Gees. It is sometimes used as an abbreviation; thus, G.M. stand for Grand Master, Gab, n. The mouth; talkativeness. *Gab-ar-dine ( x gab-ar-deen'), n. A coarse frock. Gab-ble (gab'bl), v. L To talk loudly or foolishly ; to make an inarticulate noise : — n., loud and foolish talk ; inarticulate noise. *Gab'bling, p. prs. Gab-bler (gab'blur), n. A prater. *Ga-bi-on (ga'be^un), n. ^ wicker basket filled with earth, used in constructing defenses. Ga-ble (ga'bl), n. The triangular end of a house. Gad, n. A wedge of steel ; a gra- ver v — v. i,, to ramble about. *Gad'ding, p. prs. Gad'ded, p. prf. [rambler. Gad-der (gad'dur), n. An idle Gad-fly (gad'fii), n. A fly that stings cattle. *Gad'flies, ». pi. Gaff, n. A harpoon, or large hook. *Gaf-fle (gaf fl), n. An artificial spur upon a cock. Gag, v. i. To stop the mouth : — n., something to stop the mouth. Gag'ging, p. prs. *Gag-ged (gagd), p. prf. Gage (gaje), n. A pledge; a pawn; a measure, a rule ; a fruit like a plum : — v. t., to pledge ; to meas- ure the capacity of. See gauge. Ga'ging, p. prs. Gag-gle (gag'gl), v. i. To make a noise like a goose. Gag'gling, p. prs. Gai'eYy. See gayety. Gai'ly. See gayly. Gain (gane), n. Profit, advantage, benefit : — v. t., to obtain ; to at- tain ; to win : — v. i., to encroach ; to get; to advance; to win. Gain-er (gane'ur), n. One who receives profit or advantage. Gain-ful (gane'ful), a. Advan- tageous; lucrative. Gain-ful-ly (gane'fuTle), ad. Profitably, with gain. Gain-less (gane'les), a. Unprofit- able, without profit. * Gain-say (gane-sa' or gane'sa), V. t. [GAINSAID — GAINSAID.] To contradict ; to oppose ; to deny. Gain-say'ing, ) p. prs. : — n. f con- Gain'say-ing, J tradiction. Gain-say-er (gane-sa'ur or gane'- sa-ur), n. Opponent, adversary. *Gai-rish (ga'rlsh), a. Showy; gaudy, gay : — sometimes written garish. Gai-rish-ness (ga'rlsh^nes), n. Finery, flaunting gaudiness. *GAiT(gate)n.March,walk,theman- ner and air of walking. [364-26.] *Gait-er (ga'tur), n. A covering for the foot or leg. Ga'la, n. A grand entertainment ; a festival; a splendid amusement. Gal-ax-y (gal'laks^e), n. The milky way; a splendid assemblage. [176.] *Gal'ax v ies, n. pi. Gale, n. A strong wind. Ga-le-a-ted (ga'le'a-ted), a. Cov- ered, as with a helmet. *Gal-iot (gal'yut or gal'^ut), n. A little galley, or sort of brig- antine. Gall, n. The bile; rancor, ma- lignity, bitterness ; an excres- cence on the oak-tree : — v. t., to rub off the skin ; to fret, to tease. *G1l'lant, a. Gay ; brave, high- spirited; noble. [127.] *Gal-lant', n. A gay, sprightly man ; a beau ; a wooer : — v. t., to wait on a lady. Gal-lant-ly (gal'lantfle), ad. Gayly; splendidly; bravely. 19 Gal-lant-ly (gal-lant'le), ad. Like a wooer. Gal-lant-ness (gal'lantWs), n. Elegant accomplishment. Gal-lant-ry (gal'lant x re), n. Splendor of appearance ; gener- osity ; bravery, courage ; polite- ness to ladies. [379-24.] *Gal'lant'ries, n. pi. *Gal-le-on (gal'e x 6n), n. A large three-decked ship. Gal-ler-y (gal'lurVe^, n. A kind of covered passage; the upper seats in a church or theatre. *Gal'ler x ies, n. pi. Gal-ley (gal'le), n. A vessel driven with oars; a frame for receiving types when composed. Gal-ley-Slave (gal'le^slave), n. One condemned to row in galleys. Gall-ic (gall'ik or gal'lik), a. Relating to the gall-nut. Gal-lic (gal'lik), a. French. *Gal-li-cism (gaVle x slzm), n. An idiom of the French language. *Gal-li-gas-kins fgal-le-gas'- kinz), n. pi. Large open hose. Gal-li-na-ceous (^gal-le-na'shus), a. Denoting birds that belong to the same order as the domes- tic fowl. *Gal-li-pot (gal'le v pot), n. A pot painted and glazed. Gal-lon (gallun), n. A liquid and a dry measure of four quarts. J0t* A gallon of Wine Measure contains 231, of Dry Measure 268.8, of Ale Measure 282, cubic inches. The English Imperial Gallon contains 277.27 cubic inches, and holds 10 pounds Avoirdupois of distilled water. ^GAL-LddN 7 , n. A kind of close lace. Gal-lop (gal'lup), v. i. To move forward by leaps; to move or ride very fast: — »., the motion of a horse at full speed. [369-1.] Gal-lop-er (gal'lup N dr), n. A horse that gallops. 217 GAM GAR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m§t — pine, pin — n&, mSve, GAR Gal-lo-way (gal'16 v wa), n. A horse of small size. Gal-lows (gal'lus), ». A beam laid over two posts, used for hanging malefactors. *Gal'lows v es, n. pi. Gal-van-ic (gal-van'Ik), a. Per- taining to galvanism ; voltaic. Gal-van-ism (gal'vanHzm), n. That branch of science which treats of electricity produced by chemical action j voltaism. Gal'van n !st, n. One versed in galvanism. Gal'van^ze, v. t. To affect with galvanism. *Gal'van v i-zing, p, pr8. Gam-ble (gam'bl), v. t. or v. i. To play games for money. Gam'bling, p. prs. : — n., the prac- tice of playing for money. Gam-bler (gam'blur), n. One who plays games for money; a gamester. *Gam-boge (gam-boojV or gam- b6je'), n. A concreted vege- table juice, used in Medicine and Painting : — properly spelled CAMBOGE. Gam-bol (gam'bul), v. i. To skip, to dance, to frisk [98-23] : — n., a skip, a frolic. Gam'bol^ing, } *Gam'bol^ling, j *•*"' Gam'bol-ed, 1 f *Gam'boll-ed, J P'PS' Gam-brel (gam'brll), n. The hind leg of a horse ; a crooked stick used by butchers to hang meat on: — sometimes writtencAMBREL. Game, n. Sport; jest; sportive insult; field-sports; animals pur- sued in the field : — v. i., to play at any sport; to play for money, to gamble. Ga'ming, p. pra. : — n., gambling. Game-cock (game'k6k), n. A cock bred to fight. Game-leg (game'lSg), n. A lame leg. 218 Game-keep-er (game'keep^ur), n. A person who looks after game. Game-some (game'sum), a. Frol- icsome, sportive, gay. Game-some-ness (game'sum^nes), n. Sportiveness, merriment. -Game-ster (game'stur), n. One who is viciously addicted to play. *Gam-mon (gam'mun), n. The thigh of a hog salted and dried; an imposition by an improbable story : — v. t. } to impose upon ; to hoax. *Gam-ut (gam'ut), n. Scale of mu- sical notes ; — see solfeggio. Gan-der (gan'dur), n. The male of the goose. Gang, n. A number hanging together; a crew; a company. *Gan-gli-on (gang'gle'un), n. A small tumor or gland ; a knot- like enlargement of a nerve. Gan'gli n a, j , Gan'gli\)ns, j n ' P ' *Gan-grene (gang'green), n. Mortification : — v. i. y to mortify. Gan'gre v ning, p. prs. *Gan-gre-nous (gang'gre v nus), a. Mortified. Gang-way (gang'wa), n. A pass- age in a ship ; a narrow bridge. *Gant'let, j n. A military pun- Gant'lope, j ishment in which the criminal, running between two ranks of men, receives a lash from each one. *Gaol (jale), n. See jail. *Gaol-er (jal'ur), n. See jailer. Gap, n. An opening; a breach; a hole ; a vacuity. Gape (gap or gape), v. i. To open the mouth wide ; to yawn ; to stare. * Ga'ping, p. prs. Garb (garb), n. Dress; exterior appearance ; clothes. [91-9.] *Gar-bage (gar'blj), v. Refuse. Gar-ble (gar'blj, v. t. To sift; to part; to give imperfectly. Garbling, p. prs. Gar-den (gar'dn), n. A piece of ground enclosed and cultivated, planted with herbs or fruits : — v. »., to cultivate a garden. Gar'den^ing, p. prs. : — n., the act of cultivating, or planning, gardens. Gar-den-er (gar'dn^ur), n. One who cultivates gardens. *Gar-ga-rism (gar'gaMzm), n. A form of liquid medicine to wash the mouth with ; a gargle. Gar-gle (gar'gl), v. t. To wash the throat with a gargle : — n. f a liquor with which the throat is washed. *Gar'gling, p. prs. Gar-ish. See gairish. *Gar'land, n. A wreath of branches or flowers : — v. t., to deck with a garland. Gar-lic (gar'llk), n. A bulbous plant : a kind of onion. GAr'ment, n. A thing by which the body is covered ; dress. Gar-ner (gar'nur), n. A place in which thrashed grain is stored up, a granary [91] : — v. t., to store up grain. Gar'net, n. A gem, a mineral. Gar'n!sh, v. t. To decorate, em- bellish : — n. f ornament, decora- tion, embellishment. Gar'nish v es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Gar-nish-ee ( v gar-nlsh-ee'), n. A person in whose hands the prop- erty of a debtor is attached. Gar-ni-ture (gar'neHshur),ra. Fur- niture, ornament, embellishment. Gar-ret (gar'rel), n. In a house of two or more floors, a room imme- diately below the loft, or below the roof. *Gar-ret-teer (^gar-ret-teeV), n. An inhabitant of a garret. *Gar-ri-son (gar're v sn), n. Sol- diers placed in a fortified town or castle to defend it [116-10] : — v, L, to secure by fortresses. GAS GAY nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— Ml- -p6und — thm, this. GEM Gar-r6te', n. Punishment of death inflicted by strangling with an iron collar : — v. t., to strangle by means of an iron collar. Gar-ro'ting, p. prs. Gar-ru-li-ty (gar-ru/le x t£), n. Talkativeness. *Gar-ru-lous (gar'ruMs), a. Prattling, talkative, loquacious. Gar-ter (gar'tur), n. A string or riband by which the stocking is held upon the leg; the highest order of English knighthood: — v. L, to bind or fasten with a garter. Gas, n. An aeriform, elastic fluid. Gas'es, n. pi. *Gas-e-ous (gaz'eMs), a. Being in the form or state of gas. Gas-co-nade ( x gas-k6-nade')> n. A boast, a bravado : — v. t., to boast; to brag. v Gas-co-na'ding, p. prs. Gash, n. A deep and wide wound : — v. t., to cut deep. Gash'es, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. Gas'ket, n. A small cord to fasten a sail. *Gas-kins (gas'kinz), n. pi. Wide hose, wide breeches. Gas-light (gas'lite), n. The light produced by burning carburetted hydrogen gas. Gas-Me-ter (gas' v me-tur), n. A machine for measuring the quan- tity of gas used or consumed. Gas-om-e-ter (gaz-&m'eHur), n. A reservoir for holding gas. Gasp, n. The act of opening the mouth to catch breath; the short catch of the breath : — v. i. f to open the mouth wide to catch breath ; to long for. Gas-tric (gas'trlk), a. Belonging to the stomach. *Gas-tril-o-quy (gas-triM6'kwe), n. Ventriloquism. Gas-tron-o-mist (gas-t^n^mlst), n. An epicure ; one fond of good eating. ~*Gas-tron-o-my (gas-tr6n'6 v me), n. Delight in good eating. Gate, n. A door in a wall or fence. Gate-way (gate'wa), n. A way through gates of enclosed grounds. Gath-er (gaTH'iir), v. t. To col- lect ; to assemble ; to bring into one place; to draw cloth into wrinkles ; to pick up ; to glean ; to pluck : — v. i.j to be condensed; to grow larger; to assemble; to generate pus or matter : — n., cloth drawn together in wrinkles. Gath'er x ing, p. prs. : — n., a collec- tion ; a company ; an assembly. Gath-er-er (gaTH'ur^ur), n. One who gathers. Gau-di-ly (gaw'deHe), ad. In a gaudy manner, showily, gayly. *Gau-di-ness (gaw'de^nds), n. A showy appearance. Gau-dy (gaw'de), a. [gaudier — gaudiest.] Showy, splendid,gay. Gauge (gaje), v. t. To measure the contents of a vessel : — w., a measure ; a standard : — some- times written gage. *Gau-ging (ga'jing), p. prs. : — n., the art of measuring casks or vessels. *Gau-ger (ga'jur), n. One who measures vessels or casks. Gaunt (gant), a. Thin, slender, lean, meagre, hollow. *Gaunt-let (gant'let), n. An iron glove used for defense, thrown down in challenges. Gauze (gawz), n. A kind of thin transparent silk. Gave, pst. t. of give. [fellow. *Gawk, n. A cuckoo; a foolish *Gawk-y (gawk'e), a. [gawkier — gawkiest.] Stupid ; awk- ward : — »., an awkward fellow. Gay ^ga), a. Airy, cheerful, mer- ry ; fine ; frolicsome. Gay-e-ty (ga'e v te), n. Cheerful- ness ; joy ; airiness ; finery. [270-12.] *Gay'e n ties, n. pi. GAY-LY(ga , le),ac?.Merrily,showily. Gay-ness (ga'nes), n. Gayety. Gaze, v. i. To look intently and earnestly; to stare: — n., intent regard ; a look of eagerness and wonder. G a' zing, p. prs. Ga-zer (ga'zur), n. One who gazes. Ga-zel I (ga-zeF), n. A species *Ga-zelleJ of antelope. *Ga-zette (ga-zet')? n. A paper of news; a paper of public intel- ligence: — v. t.j to publish in a gazette. Ga-zet'ting, p. prs. *Gaz-et-teer ( x gaz-e s t-teer / ), n. A writer of news; a geographical dictionary. Ga-zing-Stock (ga'zlng > st6k), n. A person gazed at with scorn. *Gear (geer), n. Furniture; ac- coutrements ; dress ; harness : — v. t., to put into harness. Gear-ing (geer'lng), n. A series of wheels in machinery to trans- mit motion ; harness. Gee (jee), ) v. i. To go to *Ge-Ho (jee'ho), J the right (a term used in directing horses). Geese, n. pi. of goose. Gel-a-ble (jel'a v bl), a. Capable of being congealed. *Gel-a-tin J (j eWtin), n. Gel-a-tine J u " An animal substance of the na- ture of jelly. *Ge-lat-in-ous (je-lat'in v us), a. Formed into jelly ; viscous. Gel-id (jeTid),«.Icy,extremely cold. *Ge-lid-i-ty (je-lid'e x te), ) Gel-id-ness (jelld'nes), J Extreme cold. Gel-ly. See jelly. Gem (jem), n. A jewel, a precious stone: — v. t., to adorn as with jewels. f *Gem'ming, p. prs. *Gem-med (je'nid), p. prf. Gem-i-na-tion ( N jem-e-na ; shun), ». Repetition ; a doubling. 219 GEN GEN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, m6ve, GEN *Gem-i-ni (jem'e v nl), n. pi. The Twins (Castor and Pollux); one of the signs of the zodiac. *Gem-me-ous (jem'meNis), a. Per- taining to, or resembling, gems. *Gen-d'arme J (zMn . darm /), n . Gen-darme j v n An armed policeman in France, *Gens-d'armes, J , Gen-darmes, j n 'P' Gen-der (jen'dur), n. A kind, a sort, a sex ; a distinction of nouns in grammar : — v. t. } to beget. *Gen-e-a-log-i-cal fjSn-e-a-l&j e r kal or v je-ne-a-16j'e y kal), a. Pertaining to descents or families. Gen-e-al-o-gist ( N j§n-e-al'6 v jlst or x je-ne-al'6 v jist), n. One who traces descents. #Gen-e-al-o-gize ( x jen-e-al'o x jlze or x je-ne-al'6 N jlze), v. i. To treat of the succession of families. v Gen-e-alVgi-zing, p. prs. Gen-e-al-o-gy ( N jen-e-alWje or v je-ne-al'16'je), n. History of the succession of families. * x Gen-e-al' orgies, n. pi. *Gen'e n ra, n. pi. of GENUS. Gen-er-al (jen'eVal), a. Com- prehending many species or in- dividuals ; public ; extensive ; common : — n., the whole ; the public; one who has the com- mand over an army. *Gen-er-al-is-si-mo fjen-er-al- ls'se v m&), n. The supreme com- mander of a large army. ^Gen-er-al-is'si^moes, n. pi. Gen-er-al-i-ty Cjen-£r-al'le x te), n. The whole ; the main body ; the bulk. Gen-er-al-i-za-tion (\jen-eYal-e- za'shun), n. The act of making general. Gen-er-al-ize (jen'eYal-lze), v. t. To arrange under general heads. *Gen'er x al-i x zing, p. prs. Gen-er-al-ly (jen'eVal-le), ad. In general ; extensively. 220 Gen-er-al-ship (jen'eVal-ship), n. The office or conduct of a gene ral ; military skill. Gen-er-ate (jeVeYate), v. t. To beget; to produce. Gen'er x a-ting, p. prs. Gen-er-a-tion (^jen-er-a'shun), n. The act of generating ; a race ; a family ; a progeny ; an age. Gen-er-a-tive (jen'eVa-tlv), a, Productive, fruitful. Gen-er-a-tor (jen'eYa-tur), n, One who or that which generates. *Ge-ner-ic (je-ner'lk), ) Ge-ner-i-cal (je-ner'e v kal), j a ' Comprehending a genus. Gen-er-os-i-ty ( v jen-er-&s'e x te), n. The quality of being generous benevolence, liberality. [150-8.] x Gen-er-os'i v ties, n. pi. Gen-er-ous (jen'eYus), a. Noble of mind ; open of heart ; liberal, munificent, bounteous. Gen-er-ous-ly (jen'eVus-le), ad. Magnanimously, liberally, freely. Gen-er-ous-ness (jen / eVtis-ne : s), n. The quality of being generous. *Gen-e-sis (jen'e^sls), n. The first book of Moses. *Gen-et (jen'nlt), n. A small Spanish horse; an animal like the polecat. Ge-net-ic (je-nStlk), a. Relating to birth or origin. Ge-ne-va (je-ne'va), n. A distilled spirituous liquor : — commonly written gin. Ge-ni-al (je'ne^al), a. Contribu- ting to production; cherishing, natural. [85-4.] [354-1.] *Ge-ni-al-ly (je'ne^al-le), ad. Cheerfully, gayly. *GE-Nic-u-LA-TED(je-nik'u v la-te , d) a. Knotted, jointed. *Ge-nic-u-la-tion (je^nik-u-la'- shun), n. Knottiness. Gen-i-tive (jen'e v tlv), a. In Grammar, the name of a case which expresses possession; pos- sessive. Ge-ni-us (je'ne'us or jeen'yus), n. The protecting or ruling spirit of men, places, or things ; a man endowed with superior faculties; intuitive talent; mental power or faculties ; nature, disposition, bent of mind. [66.] [221-14.] *Ge-ni-i (je'ne^l) [spirits], ) , *Ge'ni'us-es [men], j n 'P L Gen-teel (jen-teel'), a. Polite, elegant, civil, well-bred, graceful. *Gen-teel-ly (jen-teel'le), ad. Elegantly, politely; gracefully. Gen-teel-ness (jen-teel'ne's), n. Elegance, gracefulness,politeness. Gen-tian (jln'shan), n. A plant. Gen-tile (j en' tile), n. A pagan, a heathen ; one not a Jew : — a., belonging to pagans. Gen-til-ism (jeVtll v !zm), n. Pa- ganism, heathenism. *Gen-til-i-ty (jen-til'leHe), n. Good extraction ; elegance of be- havior, gracefulness, politeness. Gen-til'iVies, n. pi. Gen-tle (j§n'tl),a. Soft, mild, tame; meek ; not wild ; high-born. Gen-tle-man (jeVtPman), n. A man of birth; a man raised above the vulgar by his charac- ter or education ; a term of com- plaisance. Gen'tle^men, n. pi. Gen-tle-man-like (jeVtrmau- like), a. Gentlemanly. Gen-tle-man-ly (jeVtrnian-le), a. Becoming a gentleman ; polite, honorable. Gen-tle-ness (jen'trne's), n. Soft- ness of manners, meekness. Gen-tle-wom-an (jeVtlVum-un), n. A woman above the vulgar; one well descended ; a lady. *Gen-tle-wom-en (jen'tPwlm- min), n. pi. Gen-tly (jen'tle), ad. Softly, meekly. Gen-try (jeVtre), n. A class of people above the vulgar. *Gen'tries, n. pi. ^m GEO GER n5r, n St— tube, tub, bull — 6il — pflund — thin, this. GIB GE-NU-FLEC-TIONfje-nU-fleVshun) n. The act of bending the knee. Gen-u-ine (jk'Mn), a. Not spu- rious, true, real, unalloyed ; na- tive. [259-16.] *Gen-u-ine-ly (jeVu x in-l6), ad. Without adulteration, truly. Gen-u-ine-ness (jSn'Mc-nes), n. Freedom from any thing coun- terfeit, purity. *Ge-nus (je'nus), n. In Science, a class of being, comprehending under it many species ; a family. *Gen'e x ra, n. pi. *Ge-o-cen-tric fj£-6-seVtrlk), a. Having the earth for a centre. Ge-og-ra-pher (je-6g'gra x fur), n. One who describes the earth; one versed in geography. Ge-o-graph-ic ( N je-6-grafik), a. Geographical. Ge-o-graph-i-cal ( v je-6-graf'e- r kal), a. Relating to geography. *GE-0-GRAPH-I-CAL-LY( V je-6-graf / - e v kal-le), ad. In a geographical manner. Ge-og-ra-phy (je-6g'gra x fe), n. A description of the earth's sur- face; a book containing a de- scription of the earth's surface. *Ge-og'ra x phies, n. pi. Ge-o-log-i-cal (^je-i-loj'^kal), a. Relating to geology. *Ge-ol-o-gist (je-61'6 v jlst), n. One versed in geology. Ge-ol-o-gize (je-61'6 N jlze), v. t. To study geology. #Ge x ol-o-gi'zing, p. prs. Ge-ol-o-gy • (je-61'6^), n. The science which treats of the struc- ture of the earth, or a work on it. *Ge-ol'o v gies, n. pi. Ge-o-man-cer (je'6 v man-sur), n. A fortune-teller ; a diviner. *Ge-o-man-cy (je'6 x man-se), n. The act of foretelling by figures. Ge-om-e-ter (je-6m'e x tur), n. A geometrician. Ge-om-e-tral (je-6m'e v tral), a. Geometrical. Ge-o-met-ric ( x je-6-m^t'rlk), a. Geometrical. *Ge-o-met-ri-cal (^e-6-met're- x kal), a. Pertaining to geome- try, or according to its rules. Ge-o-met-ri-cal-ly (je-6-met're ^kal-te), ad. According to the laws of geometry. *Ge-om-e-tri-cian (je v 6m-e-trlsh'- an), n. One versed in geometry Ge-om-e-try (je-6m'e x tre), n. The science which treats of the prop- erties, measurement, and rela- tion of lines, angles, surfaces, and solids. * Ge-o-pon-ics ( r je-6-p6n , iks), n.pl. The science of agriculture. George (j5rje), n. A figure of St. George on horseback, worn by the knights of the garter. *Geor-gic (jdr'jlk), n. A poem relating to agriculture or rural scenery : — a., relating to agri- culture. *Ge-ra-ni-um (je-ra'ne^um), n. A species of fragrant plant. Germ (jSrm), n. A seed-bud; a sprout; origin. [32-27.] tea, } a*-**), * Pertinent, relevant. Ger-man (jeVman), n. An in- habitant of Germany: — a., be- longing to Germany ; related, akin. See cousin-german. Ger-man-ism (jeVman^lzm), n. An idiom of the German language. Ger-men. See germ. Ger-mi-nal (jeVme^nal), a. Per- taining to a germ. Ger-mi-nant (jeVme^nant), a. Sprouting; budding. Ger-mi-nate (jeVme^nate), v. i. To sprout; to bud. Ger'mi^na-ting, p. prs. Ger-mi-na-tion ( y jer-me-na'shun), n. The act of sprouting; bud- ding; growth. **Ger-und (jeVund), n. A verbal noun (in Latin). 19* Ges-tic-u-late (jes-tik'u r late), v. i. To use gestures; to show postures ; to imitate. *Ges-tic'u x la-ting, p. prs. Ges-tic-u-la-tion (jeVtlk-u-la'- shun), n. The act of making gestures ; various postures. *Ges-ture (jeVtshur), n. Action or posture expressive of senti- ment; movement of the body. J53-2.] Get, v. t. [got — got, gotten.] To procure; to obtain; to prevail; to win ; to beget ; to earn. * Getting, p. prs. GEW-GAw(gu'gaw),n.Ashowy trifle, a toy : — a., showy without value. Ghast-ful (gast'ful), a. Dreary, dismal, dreadful. *Ghast-li-ness (gast'le v nes), n. Horror of countenance; paleness. Ghast-ly (gast'le), a. Like a ghost; horrible; pale. [90-12.] *-Gher-kin (ger'kin), n. A pickled cucumber. Ghost (g6st), n. A spirit appear- ing after death ; an apparition. Ghost-ly (gost'le), a. Spiritual, relating to the soul; like a ghost. *Ghoul (g661), n. A demon that devours the dead. Gi-ant (jl'ant), n. A man unnat- urally large : — a., like a giant ; very strong or large. Gi- ant-ess (ji'ant^s), n. A very large woman. Gi'ant v ess-es, n. pi. Gi-ant-like (jl'ant^llke), ) *Gi-ant-ly (ji'antle), J a ' Gigantic, vast, huge. Gib-ber (glb'bur), v. i. To speak inarticulately. *Gib-ber-ish (glb'bur v lsh), n. Confused talk ; words without meaning. *Gib-bet (jib'blt), n. A gallows: — v. t., to hang on a gallows. *Gib-bos-i-ty (glb-b6s'e v te), ) Gib-bous-ness (glb'btls x n&s), j n ' Convexity, prominence. 221 GIL GIR Fate, far, fill, fat—me, mSt- -plne, pin — n&, move, GLA *Gib-bous (glb'bus), a. Convex, protuberant, swelling. Gibe (jibe), v. i.^ To sneer; to join censoriousness with con- tempt: — v. t., to scoff; to ridi- cule: — n., a sneer; a scoff; a taunt. *Gi'bing, p. prs. Gi-bing-ly (ji'blng^le), ad. Scorn- fully, contemptuously. *Gib-lets (jib'lets), n. pi. The entrails, feet, &c. of a fowl. Gid-di-ly (gid'de'le), ad. With the head seeming to turn round; unsteadily, carelessly. *Gid-di-ness (gld'deWs), n. The state of being giddy; vertigo; inconstancy. Gid-dy (gld'de), a. [giddier— * giddiest.] Having in the head a whirl, or sensation of circular motion; unsteady; thoughtless, heedless; unstable. [360-6.] GIft, n. A thing given or be- stowed ; a present ; a power ; a faculty. GIft'ed, a. Endowed with supe- rior faculties. [46.] G!g, n. Any thing that is whirled round ; a light carriage ; a boat ; a harpoon ; a fizgig. Gi-gan-tic (jl-gan'tik), a. Big, bulky, huge, enormous. [258-22.] Gig-gle (glg'gl), v. i. To laugh idly; to titter [365-15] :— n., a kind of laugh, a titter. *Gig'gling, p. prs. Gig-gler (gig'glur), n. A laugher. Gig-ot (jig'ut), n. A leg of mutton. GIld, v. t. [gilded or gilt — gilded or gilt.] To overlay with gold; to adorn ; to brighten. Gild'ing, p. prs. : — n., gold laid on a surface for ornament. GiLD-ER(gild'ur),n. One who gilds. *Gill (jll), n. A measure of liquids ; the fourth part of a pint of Wine Measure ; ground-ivy. *Gills (gllz), n. pi. Organs of respiration in fishes. 222 G!lt, n. Gilding : — pst. t. and p. prf. of gild. Gim-bals (glm'bals or jlm'bals), n. pi. Rings to suspend a sea- compass, &c. *Gim-crack (jlm'krak), n. A slight or trivial mechanism, a toy. Gim'blet, ) n. An instrument with ^Gim'let, j a screw at its pointy used in boring small holes. Gimp (gimp), n. A kind of silk twist or lace. Gin (jin), n. A trap ; a snare ; the spirit drawn by distillation from juniper-berries; a machine for raising weights ; a machine for separating the seeds from cot- ton : — v. t., to clean cotton from seed by a gin : — see geneva. Gin-ger (jin'jur), n. A plant and its root. Gin-ger-bread (jln'jur y bred), n. A cake flavored with ginger. Gin-ger-ly (jin'jur^), ad. Cau- tiously, nicely. *Ging-ham (ging'um), n. A cotton cloth, striped or checkered. *Gin-gi-val (jln'jeVal), a. Be- longing to the gums. Gin-gle. See jingle. *"Gin-seng (jin'seng), n. A Chi- nese plant and its root. Gip-sy (jlp'se), n. A vagabond who pretends to tell fortunes ; a wandering beggar: — a., like a gipsy : — often written gypsy. *Gip'sies, n. pi. *Gi-raffe (jl-raf ), n. A very tall animal, the camelopard. Gir-an-dole (jir'anM61e or zhe'- ranMole), n. A branched can- dlestick, a chandelier. Gird (gerd), v. t. [girded or GIRT — GIRDED OT GIRT.] To bind round ; to invest ; to enclose ; to encircle ; to gibe : — v. i. f to sneer : — w., a twitch ; a gibe : — see girt. Gir-der (geVdur), n. The largest piece of timber in a floor. Gir-dle (ger'dl), n. A belt for the waist ; an enclosure ; a zone : — v. t., to gird; to cut a ring around a tree; to enclose; to shut in. Gir'dling, p. prs. Girl (gerl), n. A young woman ; a female child. Girl-ish (gerllsh), a. Suiting a girl; youthful, giddy. Girl-ish-ly (gerl'ishle), ad. In a girlish manner. Girt (gert), v. t. To gird; to en- compass ; to encircle : — pst. t. and p. prf. of gird. Girt (gert), } n. The band *Girth {ghrth), j by which the saddle or burden is fixed upon a horse; a bandage [373-13]: — v. t., to bind with a girth; to en- circle : — see gird. *Gist (jist), n. The main point of a question ; meaning. Give (giv), v. t. [gave — given.] To bestow; to pay; to grant; to yield ; to addict ; to resign : — v. i. f to grow moist ; to melt ; to thaw; to move. {ap. p. — to.) Giv'iNG, p. prs. Giv'en, p. prf. Giv-er (glv'ur), n. One who gives. Gives. See gyves. *Giz-zard (glz'zurd), n. The strong muscular stomach of a fowl. *Gla-ci-al (gla'she^al), a. Made of ice, frozen. Gla-ci-ate (gla'she^ate), v. i. To turn into ice. Gla'ci x a-ting, p. prs. *Gla-ci-a-tion fgla-she-a'shun), n. The act of freezing; ice formed. Gla-cier (gla'seer or glas'se x ur), n. An immense mass of ice formed in mountain ravines. *Gla-cis (gla'sls or gla'sis), n. In Fortification, a sloping bank of earth ; a declivity. GLA GLE nor, n&t— tube, tdb, bull— 611- -pdund — ^in, THis. GLO Glad, a. [gladder — *gladdest.] Cheerful ; pleased, elevated with joy, gay. (ap. p. — of what be- falls ourselves, at what befalls another.) *Glad-den (glad'dn), v. t. To cheer; to delight; to exhilarate. Glade, n. A lawn or opening in a wood. [117-6.] *Glad-i-a-tor (glad'e x a-tur or x glad-e-a'tur), n. A sword-play- er; a prize-fighter. Glad-i-a-to-ri-al ( r glad-e-a-t6'- re^al), a. Relating to gladiators. Glad-ly (glad'le), ad. Joyfully. Glad'ness, n. Cheerfulness, joy, exultation, pleasure. Glad-some (glad'sum), a. Gay, pleased, joyful. *Glad-some-ness (glad'siWne's), n. Gayety, delight. *Glair (glare), n. The white of an egg : a halberd : — v. t., to smear with the white of an egg. Glaive. See glave. Glance (glanse), n. A sudden shoot of light or splendor ; a quick view, a glimpse [140-25] : — v. i., to shoot a sudden ray of splendor ; to fly off in an oblique direction ; to view with a quick cast of the eye. (ap. p. — at, upon.) *Glan'cing, p. prs. Gland, n. An organ of secretion in animals or plants. Glan-ders (glan'durz), n. pi. A disease incident to horses, but sometimes communicated to man. Glan-dule (glan'dule), n. A small gland. Glan-du-lar (glan'dMar), ) *Glan-du-lous (glan'du N lus), J °" Pertaining to glands. Glare, v. i. To shine with great splendor so as to dazzle the eyes; to stare fiercely [365-27] : — n., overpowering lustre, splendor; a wild look. [59.] ♦Gla'ring, p. prs. : — a. f shocking, barefaced. Glass, n. An artificial, transpa- rent substance made by fusing salts and flint or sand ; a glass vessel; a mirror; a telescope: a. f vitreous, made of glass : — v. t., to cover with glass ; to glaze. *Glass'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Glass-Blow-er (glas' x bl6-ur), n. One whose business it is to blow and fashion glass. *Glass-fur-nace (glas'Yur-nis)n. A furnace in which glass is made. Glass'h6xjse, n. A house where glass is manufactured. *Glass-met-al glas^mSt-tl), n. Glass in fusion. Glass-work (glas'wurk), «. Man- ufacture of glass. Glass'works, n. pi. A manufac- tory of glass. *Glas-si-ness (glas'se^nes), n. Having the appearance of glass. Glas-sy (glas'se), a. [glassier — glassiest.] Made of glass ; re- sembling glass ; vitreous. GLAUB-ER , s-SALT(glawb'urz > salt), n. A sulphate of soda. *Glau-cous (glaw'kus), a. Of a sea-green color. Glave, n. A broad sword. Glaze, v. t. To furnish or cover with glass or enamel. Gla'zing, p. prs. : — n., art of set- ting window-glass; enamel; a glassy crust. *Gla-zie.r (gla'zhur), n. One who glazes. Gleam (gleem), n. A sudden shoot of light ; a ray ; lustre [351-7] : — v. i., to shine with sudden flashes of light. Gleam-y (gleem'e), a. Flashing, darting sudden shoots of light. Glean (gleen), v. t. To gather what reapers leave behind; to gather any thing scattered. Gleaning, p. prs. : — n. f the act of gleaning, or the thing gleaned. Glean-er (gleen'dr), n. One who gleans. * Glebe, n. Turf, soil, ground. Gle-by (gle'be), a. Turfy. Glee, n. Gayety, joy, mirth, mer- riment ; a kind of song. Glee-ful (glee'ful), ) Glee-some (glee'suin), J a * Merry, cheerful, gay. Glen, n. A valley, a dale. GlIb, a. [glibber — glibbest.] Smooth; slippery; voluble. Glib-ly (glib'le), ad. Smoothly. Glib-ness (glib'nSs), n. Smooth- ness, slipperiness. Glide, v. i. To flow gently and silently; to move smoothly. [248.] Gli'ding, p. prs. Glim-mer (glim'nmr), v. i. To shine or appear faintly ; to shoot scattered rays [307-12] : — n., faint splendor, weak light. * Glimpse (gllmps), n. A weak, faint light; a short, transitory view. [122-13.] [374.] Glis-ten (glis'sn), v. i. To shine, to sparkle with light. Glis-ter (glls'tur), v. i. To shine, to be bright. *Glit-ter (gllt'tur), v. i. To gleam ; to sparkle with light ; to shine : — n., lustre, bright show ; a sparkling light. Gloat (gl6te), v. i. To gaze at eagerly; to stare with desire. Gl6'ba x ted, a. Formed in the shape of a globe, spherical. Gl6be, n. A sphere, a ball, a round body ; the earth. Glo-bose (gl6-b6se')> *Glo-bous (glo'l " Glob-u-lar (glob'i Spherical, round. Gl6b a oxe, n. A spherical particle ; a little globe. Gl6me, n. A roundish head of flowers. Gl6m'er x 1te, v. t. To gather into a ball or sphere. *Glom'er x a-ting, p. prs. Glom-er-a-tion. See conglom- eration. 223 LJLl. b6se')> 1 J>'bus), \ a. Lobular), J GLO GLU Fate, far, fall, fat — me, niel — pine, pin — no, move, GOB Gl66m, n. Imperfect darkness dismalness, obscurity; heaviness of mind; sadness; depression of spirits [37-32] : — v. i., to shine obscurely ; to be cloudy. Gloom-i-ly (gl66m'e v le), ad. Ob- scurely, dismally, not cheerfully. *Gloom-i-ness (gl66m'e x n^s), n. Want of light; cloudiness of look. Gloom- y (gl66m'e), a. [gloomier — gloomiest.] Obscure, dark, dim ; sullen ; melancholy ; de- pressed, downcast. G lo-ri-fi-ca-tion ( s gl6-re-fe-ka'- shun), n. The act of giving glory. Glo-ri-fy (gl6're N fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, glorifies.] To pay honor; to praise ; to exalt to glory or dig- nity ; to extol. •2*Glo'ri n fi-ed, p. prf. Glo-ri-ous (glS're'us), a. Noble, illustrious, excellent, renowned. Glo-ri-ous-ly (gld're\is-le), ad. Nobly, illustriously, with renown. Glo-ry (gl6're), n. Praise paid in adoration ; distinction ; the felicity of heaven ; honor; celeb- rity; a circle of rays round a head in painting[384-22] [36-30]: — v. i., to be proud of; to boast in; to exult. #Glo'ries, n. pi. send prs. t. 3. Glo'ri-ed, p. prf. : — a., illustrious, honorable. Gl6ss, n. A comment; a remark for illustration ; smoothness, su- perficial lustre : — v. U, to explain by comment; to embellish with superficial lustre; to polish; to make smooth, f *Gloss'es, n. pi. and pre. t. 3. Gloss-a-ry (gl6s'sa r re), n. A dic- tionary of obscure, antiquated, or technical terms.f * Gloss' aeries, n. pi. *Gloss-i-nbss (gl6s'se'nes), n. Polish; superficial lustre. Gloss-ol-o-gy (gl6s-61'6 v je), n. A table of definitions of terms. Gloss-y (gl6s'se), a. Shining. 224 Glot-tis (gl6t'tis), n. The narrow opening of the windpipe. Glove (gluv), n. A cover for the hand : — v. t., to cover with a glove. Glov-er (gluv'ur), n. One who makes or sells gloves. Glow (gl6), v. i. To be heated so as to shine without flame; to burn; to exhibit a strong, bright color (ap. p. — with) : — n., un usual warmth ; brightness; shi- ning heat. [72-23.] [310-13.] Glow'ing, p. prs. : — a., shining or burning with heat; ardent. * Glow-worm (gl6'wurm), n. A small insect with a luminous tail. Gl6ze, v. i. To flatter, wheedle, fawn: — n., flattery, insinuation. *Glo'zing, p. prs. GLU-ci-NUM(glu-sl'num),n.Ametal. *Glue (glu), n. Cement; a tena- cious, viscous substance : — v. t., to join with a viscous cement; to join; to unite. Glu'ing, p. prs. [tenacious. *Glue-y (glu'e), a. Viscous ; *Glu-ey-ness (glu'e N nes), n. The quality of being gluey. Glum, a. [glummer — glummest.] Sullen, stubbornly grave. * Glume, n. The husk or calyx of corn, es, n. pi. God-fa-ther (g&d'fa^THur), n. A sponsor in baptism. God-head (g&d'hed), n. Divine nature; Deity. G6d'less, a. Atheistical, impious. G6d'like, a. Divine; resembling a divinity; of superior excellence. God-li-ness (g6d'le x nes), n. De- voutness ; piety to God. God-ly (g6d'le), a. [godlier — GODLiest.] Pious towards God: — ad., piously, righteously. God-moth-er (g6d'mdTH x ur), n. A woman who has become sponsor in baptism. God-send (g6d'sSnd) t n. An un- expected gift. God-ship (g6d'shlp), n. The char- acter of a god. Go-er (g6'ur), n. One who goes. Gog-gle (g6g / gl), v. i. To look asquint; to roll the eyes. *Gog'gling, p. prs. Gog-gle-Ey-ed (gSg'gride), a. Squint-eyed. Goi-ter ) (g6! / tur), n. A tumor in *Goi-tre j the throat. G6ld, n. A yellow, brilliant, and precious metal, remarkable for its gravity, ductility, mallea- bility, „,„ ? n « i The *GUN-WALEJ^ nnil) ' n -{ upper part of a ship's side, reaching from the half-deck to the fore- castle. Gurg-e (gurge), n, A gulf; a whirlpool. Gur-gle (gur'gl), v, i. To fall or gush with noise. Gur'gling, p. prs. Gush, v. i. To flow or rush out with violence : — n., an emission of liquor in a large quantity at once. Gush'es, n. pi. and^ra. t, 3. *Gus-set (gus'slt), n, A piece of cloth used to strengthen a garment. Gust, n. Sense of tasting; liking; a sudden blast of wind. Gus / t6, n. Relish, taste. *Gus'toes, n. pi. Gus-ty (gus'te), a. [gustier — gustiest.] Tempestuous, stormy. Gut, n. The inward passage or receptacle of food : — v. t., to take out the intestines. Gut'ting, p. prs. Gut'ted, p.prf. *Gut-ta-Per-cha fgut-ta-pur'- tsha), n. A substance similar to India-rubber in its use and qualities. *Gut-ta-Se-re-na fgut-ta-se-re'- na), n. The drop-serene; blind- ness; amaurosis. Gut-ter (gut'tur), n. A passage for water : — v, t., to cut in small hollows. *Gut-tur-al (gut'turYal), a. Pro- nounced in the throat, belonging to the throat : — n., a letter sound- ed in the throat. Guy (gl)), n. A rope used to steady a mast, a derrick, or a pole used in hoisting. Guz-zle (guz'zl), v. t. To swallow with immoderate gust. Guz'zling, p. prs. Guz-zler (guz'zlur), n, A gor- mand. *Gybe (jibe), v. t. To shift a boom-sail from one side of a vessel to the other : — see gibe. Gy'bing, p. prs. *Gym-na-si-um (jim-na'zhe^um), n. A place for athletic exercises; a seminary. *Gym-na'si x a, \ j Gym-na'si x ums, j n ' P ' Gym-nast (jlm'nast), n. A teacher or learner of gymnastic exercises. Gym-nas-tic (jlm-nas'tlk), a. Re- lating to athletic exercises. Gym-nas-ti-cal-ly (jlm-na*'te- y kal-le), ad. In a gymnastic manner. *Gym-nas-tics (jlm-nas'tlks), ) *Gym-nics (jlm'niks), j n. pi. The art of performing athletic exercises. Gym'nic. See gymnastic. *Gym-nos-o-phist (jim-n6s / 6 r flst), n. One of a sect of Indian philosophers. *Gyp-se-ous (jip'se^us), ) *Gyp-sine (jip'sin), J a ' Relating to gypsum. *Gyp-sum (jip'suin), n. Sulphate of lime; plaster. Gyp-sy. See gipsy. -Gy-ral (jl'ral), a. Gyratory. *Gy-ra-scope (ji / ra > sk6pe), n. An instrument for exhibiting the effects of gyration. Gy-rate (ji'rate), v. i. To whirl. Gy'ra x ting, p. prs. *Gy-ra-tion (jl-ra'shun), n. The act of whirling ; circular motion. *Gy-ra-tor-y (jl'raHur-re), a. Whirling, rotatory, gyral. *Gyre (jire), n. A gyration. Gy-ro-scope. See gyrascope. *Gyve (jive), v. t. To fetter; to shackle : — n., see gyves. *Gy'ving, p. prs. Gy-ved (jlvd), p. prf. *Gyves (jlvz), n. pi. Fetters, chains for the legs : — sometimes written gives. H H(atsh), n. The eighth letter is an aspirate. Its name is written Aitch, the plural of which is Aitches. It is employed as an abbreviation of many words. H.R. stand for House of Repre- sentatives ; H.M., for His or Her Majesty ; H.S., for hie situs {here lies). In Chemistry, H. repre- sents hydrogen, 232 HAB HI, in. An expression of wonder, sudden exertion, or laughter. *Ha-be-as-Cor-pus (ha'be^as- kdr'pus), n. In Law, a writ to deliver a person from unlawful imprisonment. [335-8.] Hab-er-dash-er (hab'urYlash-ur), n. One who sells small wares. Hab-er-dash-er-y (hab'urMash- urVe), n. Small goods, as thread.) HAB *Ha-ber-ge-on (ha-beVje'&n), n. Armor for the neck and breast. *Ha-bil-i-ment (ha-bil'e^ment), n, Dress,clothes, garment. [152-24.] *Hab-it (habit), n. The effect of a frequent repetition of the same act; inveterate use; state; tem- perament ; garb ; a lady's rid- ing-dress [68-34] : — v. t., to ac- coutre; to dress. [109-27.] HAD nor, n&t- HAI -tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p6und — thin, this. HAL Custom is the frequent repetition of the same act ; habit is the effect of such repetition : the former is vol- untary ; the latter involuntary : a custom is followed ; a habit, acquired. Fashion is the cus- tom, and usage the habit, of numbers. Crabbe. Hab-i-ta-ble (hab'e v ta-bl), a. Ca- pable of being dwelt in. Hab-i-tan-cy (hab'e x tan-s6), n. A dwelling; an abode. Hab-i-ta-tion ( x hab-e-ta'shun), n. A place of abode, dwelling. Ha-bit-u-al (ha-bitsh'u x al), a. Customary. [19-14.] [359-22.] *Ha-bit-u-al-ly (ha-bitsh'u'al- le), ad. By habit; customarily. [383-19.] Ha-bit-u-ate (ha-bitsh'u^ate), v. t. To accustom ; to make familiar. [274-28.] Ha-bit'u x a-ting, p. pre. Hab-i-tude (habitude), n. Long custom; habit; state. [254-5.] Hack (hak), v. t. To cut into small pieces; to cut clumsily; to chop : — v. i., to cough : — n., a notch; a cut; a horse or coach kept for hire; a hireling book- maker: — a., hired, venal. Hack-but (hak'but), n. A cul- verin ; an arquebuse. Hacking, p. prs. : — a., exhaust- ing; spasmodic. Hack-le (hak'kl), v. t. To dress flax ; to hatchel : — n., a comb for dressing flax ; a hatchel. *Hack'ling, p. prs. Hack-ney (hak'ne), n. A nag; a hired horse; a hireling: — v. t., to use much ; to make common : — a., much used; let out for hire. *Hack-ney-ed (hak'nld), p. prf. : — a., much used ; trite. Had, pst. t. and p. prf. of have. See note under have. *Had-dock (had'duk), n. A sea- fish of the cod kind. *Ha-des (ha'deez), n. The place of departed spirits. Haft, n. A handle : — v. t., to set in a handle. Hag, n. A fury; an old, ugly woman: — v. t., to torment; to terrify. Hag'ging, p. prs. *Hag-ged (hagd), p. prf. *Hag-Gard (hag'gard), a. Ugly, deformed, rugged, pale. Hag-gard-ly (hag'gard^le), ad. Deformedly; palely. Hag-gess (hag'gSs), ) n. A Scotch *Hag-gis (hag'gls), J pudding. Hag'gess v es, I j Hag'gis x es, \ n 'P^ Hag-gish (hag'glsh), a. Likeahag. Hag-gle (hag'gl), v. t. To cut; to chop ; to mangle : — v. i., to be tedious in a bargain; to hesitate Hag'gling, p. prs. Hag-gler (hag'gliir), n. One who *Hag-i-og-ra-phy ( > hag-e-6g / ra- v fe or x ha-je-6g'ra x fe), n. The sa- cred Scriptures. Hague'but. See hackbut. Hah (ha), in. An expression of surprise or effort. % Ha-ha', | n. A fence sunk be- Haw-haw', J low the ground. Hail (hale), n. Drops of rain frozen in falling : — v. i., to pour down hail: — v. t., to salute; to call to: — in., a term of saluta- tion : — a., see hale. *Hail-Fel-low (hale A fel-16), n. A companion. *Hail-shot (hale'shSt), n. Small shot scattered like hail. *Hail-stone (hale'st6ne), n. A particle or single ball of hail. Hair (hare), *n. A filamentous growth which adheres to the skin of animals ; a single filament. Hair-brain-ed. See harebrained. Hair-breadth (hare'brMfA), n. The diameter of a hair ; a very small distance : — a. } very narrow. 20* I Hair-cloth (hare'kl6^ or hare'- klkwth), n. Stuff made of hair. *Hair-i-ness (hare'e^s), n. The state of being hairy. HAiR-SPLiT-TiNG(hare /r spllt-tlng), n. The act of making extremely nice distinctions : — a., scrupu- lously exact; punctilious. Hair-y (hare'e), a. Overgrow* with hair. Hake, n. A sea-fish, like the cod. *Hal-berd (hal'burd or hal'burd), n. A kind of spear; a battle- axe fixed to a long pole : — some- times written halbert. *Hal-ber-dier ( x hal-bur-deer'), n. One armed with a halberd. *Hal-cy-On (hal'she'un or hal'se- v un), n. The king-fisher: — a., still, placid, quiet. Hale, a. Healthy ; sound : — v. t., see haul. Half (haf or haf), n. A moiety ; one of two equal parts : — ad., in part, equally : — a., consisting of a moiety. Halves (havz or havz), n. pi. HALF-BL00D(haf'blud or haf'bhid), n. A relation by only one pa- rent ; an offspring whose parents are of different races : — a., re- lated by only one parent ; having parents of different races. Half-breed (hafbreed or haf- breed), n. and a. Half-blood. *Half-caste ) (haf kast or haf- Half-cast j kast), n. and a. Half-blood. See " Dunglison's Medical Lexicon." *Half-pen-ny (ha'pence, hap'- peVne, or hafpeVne), n. An English coin. *Half'pence, ) , *Half'pen'nies, J * r , Half-way (haf'wa or haf'wa), a. Equidistant : — ad., in the middle. Half-Wit-ted (hafVit-ted or haPVit-ted), a. Foolish. *Hal-i-but (h6l'le v but or hal'e- N bi\t), n. A large, flat sen -fish. 2M HAM HAN Fate, far, fill, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, HAN Hall, n. A court of justice; a large room; a manor-house; an entry; a collegiate body. Hal-le-lu-iah J ( x hal-le-166'ya), *Hal-le-lu-jah J in. or n. Praise to Jehovah ! [117-33.] ^*™ } o****).-* Ropes to hoist or lower sails, &c. *"Hal-loo (hal-166'), in, or n. An expression of incitement or call : — v. t., to encourage with shouts ; to call to : — v. u 9 to cry after. *Hal-loos', n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Hal-loo'ing, p. prs. *Hal-loo'ed, p. prf. *Hal-low (hal'16), v. t. To con- secrate; to reverence as holy. [94-4.] *Hal'lows, prs. t. 3. *Hal'l owning, p. prs. *Hal'low-ed, p. prf. *Hal-low-mas (halWmas), The feast of All-Souls. Hal-lu-ci-nate (hal-lu'se x nate), v. i. To stumble; to blunder. Hal-lu'ci x na-ting, p. prs. *HAL-Lu-ci-NA-TioN(hariu-s&-na / - shun), n. A delusion of the im- agination ; an error ; a blunder. H1/l6, n. A luminous circle round the sun or moon ; a glory. *Ha'los, n. pi. Hal-ser. See hawser. Halt, v. i. To limp ; to stop in a march; to hesitate: — v. t., to cause to halt: — a., lame, crip pled : — n., the act or manner of limping; a stop in a march. Hal-ter (hal'tur), n. A rope to hang malefactors ; a cord: — v. t., to bind with a cord; to catch in a noose. Halve (hav or hav), v. t. To di- vide into two equal parts. * Halves, prs. t. 3 of halve, and n. pi. of HALF. #Halv'ing, p. prs. Ham, n. The hip ; the thigh of a hog salted and smoked. 261 *Ham-a-dry-ad (hanrTdri-ad), n A wood-nymph. *Hames (hamz), n. pi. A kind of horse-collar. Ham-let (ham'l^t), n. A small village. [86-22.] Ham-mer (haui'miir), n. An in strument to drive nails, &c. :— v. t. y to beat with a hammer ; to work in the mind ; to be busy. Ham-mer-Cloth (hanr'mur v kl6^ or ham'inur x klaw^), n. Cloth covering a coach-box. *Ham-mock (ham'muk), n. A swinging bed, used in ships. Hamp-er. (harnp'ur), n. A large covered basket; a kind of fet- ters [362-1] : — v. t., to shackle ; to perplex ; to impede. Ham-string (ham'string), n. The tendon of the ham : — v. t. [ham- strung — hamstrung], to lame by cutting the tendon of the ham. -Han-a-per (han'a x pur), n. A treasury ; a hamper. Hand, n. That member of the body which reaches from the wrist to the fingers' end; a measure of four lineal inches ; a pointer of a time-piece ; an in- dex, as, [ 70t- ] ; side, right or left; manner of writing; a work man; agency; a player's share of cards in a game ; performer ; performance: — v. t., to give or transmit with the hand; to lead or guide. Hand-ball (hand'bal), n. Fives, a game with a ball. Hand-bask-et (hand'basklt), n. A portable basket. Hand-bell (hand'b^l), n. A bell rung by the hand. Hand-bill (hand'bll), n. A loose, printed sheet. Hand-book (hand'bS&k), n. A manual. Hand-Breadth (hand'brM^), n. The breadth of the hand. Hand-craft. See handicraft. Hand-cuff (hand'kiif), n. A man* acle for the wrist: — v. t., to man- acle the wrist. Hand-ful (hand'ful), n. As much as the hand can grasp. Hand-Gal-lop (hand'garidp), n. An easy gallop. *Hand-i-craft (handTkraft), n. Manual occupation or work. Hand-i-ly (handle), ad. With skill; dexterously. *Hand-i-ness (hand'eWs), n. Readiness, dexterity. Hand-i-work (hand'eVurk), n. Work of the hand. *Hand-ker- chief (hang / kur N tshif) n. A piece of cloth, used to wipe the face or cover the neck. Han-dle (han'dl), v. t. To touch, to feel with the hand ; to man- age; to wield; to treat in dis- course : — n., that part of a thing by which it is held; that of which use is made. Hand 'ling, p. prs. : — n., touch ; execution. Hand-maid (hand'made), ) Hand-maid-en (hand /V inade-en), J n. A maid who waits at hand. Hand-mill (hand'mll), n. A mill moved by the hand. Hand-saw (handsaw), n. A saw managed by the hand. *Hand-sel (hand'silor han'sel), n. The first act of using a thing; the first act of sale : — v. t., to use or do any thing the first time. Hand'sel^ing, ) *Hand'sel x ling, J p ' prs ' Hand'sel-ed, J r. *Hand'sell-ed, J V'P r f' Hand-some (han'sum or hand'sum), a. Beautiful; graceful; elegant; ample ; generous. f Hand-some-ly (han'stWle or hand'sumHe), ad. Beautifully; liberally. Hand-some-ness (haVsumWs or hand'suni x ne ! s), n. Beauty, grace, elegance. HAP HAR nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p6dnd- ■thm, THis. HAR Hand-spike (hand'spike), n. A wooden lever. Hand-vice (hand'vlse), n. A vice to hold small work in. Hand-wri-ting (hand-rising), n. A form of writing peculiar to each hand ; autograph. Han-dy (hanMe), a. [handier — handiest.] Ready, dexterous. Hang, v. t. [hung or hanged — hung or hanged.] To suspend; to choke and kill by suspending by the neck; to furnish with ornaments : — v. i., to dangle ,• to be suspended; to impend; to be united; to be in suspense; to linger. Hang'ing, p. prs. : — n., drapery hung against the walls of rooms ; death by the halter. Hang'd6g, n. A degraded wretch : — a., of a degraded aspect. Hang-er (hang'ur), n. A short, broad sword ; one who hangs. HANG-ER-0N( x hang-ur-6n / ), n, A dependant. Hang-man (hang'man), w. A public executioner. Hang-nail (hang'nale), n. A small portion of the cuticle, di- vided at the roots of a finger-nail. Hank (hangk), n. A skein of thread ; a tie : — v. i,, to form into hanks. Hank-er (hangk'ur), v. i. To long importunately; to desire eagerly, (ap. p. — after.) Hap, n. Chance, fortune; acci- dent: — v. i., to happen. Hap'ping, p. prs. *Hap-ped (hapt), p. prf. Hap-haz-ard (hap-haz'urd), n. Chance, accident. Hap-less (haples), a. Unfortu- nate, unhappy. *Hap-ly (hap'16), ad. Perhaps, peradventure. Hap-pen (hap'pn), v. i. To fall out ; to come to pass ; to chance. (ap.p. — to, on.) -Hap-pi-ly (hap'peHe), ad. For- tunately ; in a happy state. *Hap-pi-ness (hap'pe'ne's), n. Fe- licity; good fortune; enjoyment. Hap-py (hap'pe), a. [happier — happiest.] In a state of fe- licity; lucky, fortunate. [384-14.] *Ha-rangue (ha-rang'), n. A de- clamatory speech, a popular ora- tion : — v. i., to declaim : — v. t., to address in a declamatory style. [52-38.] * H a-r angu-ing ( h^-rangln g)^3.prs. Ha-rangu-er (ha-rang'ur), n. An orator ; a declaimer. *Har-ass (har'as), v. t. [prs. t. 3, harasses.] To weary; to vex. Har-bin-ger (har'bin x jur), n. A forerunner. [129-21.] Har-bor (har'bur), n. A haven for shipping; a shelter: — v. U, to entertain ; to shelter. Har-bor-age (har'bur^aje), n. Shelter, entertainment. Har-bor-er (har'buYur), ». One who entertains another. Hard, a. Firm; difficult; pain- ful; cruel; rigorous; insensible; severe ; unreasonable ; austere ; rough : — ad., close, near ; labor- iously ; uneasily ; diligently ; with force. Hard-en (har'dn), v. t. To make hard or harder : — v. i., to grow hard or harder. Hard-fa-vor-ed (hard'faVurd), a. Coarse of feature. Hard-fist-ed (hard''fIst-Sd), a. Covetous; close-handed. Hard-fought (bard'fawt), a. Sharply contested. Hard-hand-ed (hard' N hand-e ; d), a. Coarse; severe. Hard-heart-ed (hard-hart'e'd), a. Cruel, inexorable. Hard-heart-ed-ness (hard-hart' ed^n^s), n. Cruelty. Hard-i-hood (hard'^hud), n. Au- dacity; bravery, boldness; stout- ness. [257-15.] Hard-i-ly (hard'e'le), ad. With hardship; boldly. *Hard-i-ness (hard'e'nes), n. Ef- frontery : stoutness ; bravery. Hard-ly (hard'le), ad. With diffi- culty; scarcely; severely; op- pressively; harshly; coarsely. Hard-mouth-ed (hard-mouTHd'), a. Disobedient to the bit. Hard-ness (hard'n£s), n. Power of resistance; difficulty; harsh- ness ; hardship. Hard-run (hard'run), a. Hard- pressed for money. Hards (hardz), n. pi. Refuse of flax or hemp ; tow. Hard-ship (hard'shlp), n. Injury, oppression; fatigue. Hard-ware (hard' ware), n. Man- ufactures of metal. Hard-y (hard'e), a. [hardier — hardiest.] Bold, brave, stout; strong, firm. Hare, n. A small quadruped; a constellation. *Hare-brain-ed (hare'brand), a. Volatile; giddy; wild. Hare-lip (hare'lip), n. A divided lip, like that of a hare. Ha-rem (ha'rem or ha're'm), n. That part of a house which, in the East, is allotted to females. Har-i-cot (har'e N k6t), n. A kind of ragout. Har-i-er. See harrier. Hark, v. i. [defective.] To listen. J0t* Hark, contracted from hearken, and often having the appearance of an inter- jection, is always used in the imperative mood. Harl, n. The filament of flax. *Har-le-quin (har'lekin), n. A buffoon; a merry-andrew. HAR-LE-QuiN-ADE^har-le kin-ade') n. Feats of buffoonery. Harm, n. Injury; mischief: — v.t., to hurt; to injure. Harm-ful (harm'fiil), a. Hurtful, mischievous. 235 HAR HAR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — no, m6ve, HAT Harm-less (harm'le's), a. Inno- cent; undamaged; inoffensive. *HARM-LESS-NESs(harm'les v n§s)n. Innocence, freedom from injury. Har-mon-ic (har-m6nlk), } Har-mon-i-cal (har-m6n'e v kal), J a. Adapted to each other ; con- cordant; musical. Har-mon-i-ca (har-m6n'e x ka), n. A musical instrument. Har-mon-i-cal-ly (har-m6n'e x kal- le), ad. Musically. Har-mon-i-con (har-m&n'e^k&n), n. A musical instrument. Har-mon-ics (har-m6n'iks), n. pi. The science of musical sounds ; consonances. Har-mo-ni-ous (har-m6'ne x us), a. Adapted to each other; concord- ant; musical. [384-15.] *Har-mo-ni-ous-ly (har-m6'ne- Nis-le), ad. Musically; with concord. HAR-M0N-i-PH0N(har-m6n , e N f6n) j Har-mo-ni-um (har-m&'ne^um), J n. A keyed instrument of music. Har-mon-ize (har'm6n N lze), v. i. To agree ; to correspond : — v. L, to adjust in fit proportions; to make agree ; to make musical.f *Har'mo x ni-zing, p. prs. Har-mon-y (har'mun N ne), n. Just adaptation of sounds or parts; concord; symmetry; a literary work exhibiting concordant facts or passages. [94-16.] [191-8.] jz$¥* Melody is the succession, and harmony the consonance, of musical tones. Melody con- templates • an alternate, and harmony a simultaneous, im- pression of sounds. The melo- dious song of the nightingale; the mingled harmony of the grove. Taylor. *Har'mon v ies, n. pi. Har-ness (har'ne's), n. Armor; furniture for beasts of burden : — v. f., to put on harness ; to equip. Har'ness'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. 236 Harp, n. A lyre ; a constellation : — v. i., to play on the harp ; to dwell vexatiously on one subject. Harp-er (harp'ur), n. A player on the harp. Har-po-neer ('har-p6-neer'), *Har-poon-er (har-p&&n'ur), One who throws the harpoon. Har-poon (har-p66n r ), n. A bearded dart with which whales are struck : — v. t., to strike with a harpoon. *Harp-si-chord (harp'se'k6rd), n, A stringed musical instrument. Har-py (har'pe), n. A fabulous bird ; a ravenous wretch; an ex- tortioner. [167-14.] *Har'pies, n. pi. Har-que-buse. See arquebuse. *Har-ri-er (har're v ur), n. A hound for hunting hares : — some- times written harier. Har-row (har'ro), n. A frame of timber set with teeth, to be dragged over ploughed land : — v. t., to break with the harrow ; to tear up; to disturb. [370-27.] Har-ry (bar're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, harries.] To tease; to ruffle; to plunder. *Har'ri-ed, p. prf. Harsh, a. Austere, rough, crabbed. Harsh-ly (harsh'le), ad. Sourly, austerely; severely; ruggedly. Harsh-ness (harsh'ne's), n. Sour- ness ; roughness ; ruggedness ; crabbedness. Hars-let (hars'let), ) n.The heart, Has-let (has'let), J liver, and lights of a hog. Hart, n. The male of the roe. *Harts-horn (harts'horn), n. A spirit extracted from horn; an herb. Har-vest (har'vest), n. The season of reaping and gathering grain, &g. ; a crop gathered ; product of labor [64] : — v. L, to reap and gather. Har-vest-Home (har've ! st x h6me), n. A song sung at harvest. Har-vest-Moon (har'vest^m66n), n. The ,inoon near its full, about the time of the autumnal equi- nox, when, for several evenings, it rises nearly at the same hour. Has (h&z), prs. t. 3 of to have : — see hath. Hash, v. t. To mince; to chop into small pieces and mingle: — n. 9 minced meat and vegetables; a mixture. Hash'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Has-let. See harslet. Hasp, n. A clasp folded over a staple : — v. i., to shut with a hasp. Has-sock (has'suk), n. A thick mat to kneel on ; a tuft of coarse grass in marshy grounds. Hast, prs. t. 2 of to have. Haste, n. Hurry; speed; pre- cipitation. Haste (hast), ) v. i. To make Hast-en (ha'sn), j haste ; to be in a hurry : — v. t., to push for- ward ; to urge on. Hast'ing, I Hast'enW, J p ' pr8 ' Hast-i-ly (hast'e^le), ad. In a hurry; speedily; precipitately. Hast-i-ness (hasWne's), n. Haste, speed ; precipitation. Hast-ings (hast'lngz), n.pl. Peas that come early ; early fruit. Hast-y (hast'e), a. [hastier — hastiest.] Quick; passionate; rash ; early ripe ; forward. Hast-y-Pud-ding fhast-e-pud'- ding), n. A pudding made of milk and flour quickly boiled together. Hat, n. A cover for the head. Hat-band (hat'band), n. A string or riband tied round the hat. Hatch (hatsh), v. t. To produce young from eggs; to contrive; in Drawing, to shade by lines crossing each other : — «., a brood excluded from the egg ; a half- door. Hatch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. HAU HAW n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p5und — thm, this. HEA Hatch-el (h&tsh'£l or hak'kl), n. An instrument for cleaning flax ; a hackle : — v. U, to clean flax .; to hackle. Hatching, ] *Hatch'el v ling, j r F Hatch'el-ed, f - *Hatch'ell-ed, ] P'P J 9 Hatch-et (hatsh'lt), n. A small axe. Hatch-et-Face (hatsh'lt^fase), n. A thin, ugly face. Hatch-ment (hatsh'ment), n. An escutcheon for the dead. Hatch-way (hatsh'wa), n. An opening through the deck of a ship. Hate, v. t. To detest, abhor ; to abominate : — n., malignity, de- testation. Ha' ting, p. prs. HIte'ful, a. Odious, malignant. Hate-ful-ly (hate'Mrie), ad. Odiously; malignantly. *Hate-ful-ness (hate'ful v nes), n. Odiousness ; the quality of being hateful. Ha-ter (ha'tur), n. One who hates. Hath (h&th), prs. t. 3 of to have. Jfi^t* Has is preferred to hath except in solemn compositions. Ha-tred (ha'tred), n. Ill-will; malignity, enmity, animosity. [53-7.] Hat-ter (hat'tur), ». One who makes hats. *Hau-berk (haw'burk), n. A coat of mail without sleeves. *Haugh (haw), n. A little meadow lying in a valley. Haugh-ti-ly (haw'te^le), ad. Ar- rogantly, proudly. *Haugh-ti-ness (hawWnls), n. Pride, arrogance, disdain. Haugh-ty (haw't&), a. [haugh- tier — haughtiest.] Proud, in- solent, arrogant. [51.] Haul (hawl), v. t. To pull; to draw ; to drag by violence : — n., violence in dragging ; a pull ; a draught. Haulm ") *Haum > (hawm), n. Straw. Hawm J Haunch (hansh), n. The thigh ; the hip. Haunch'es, n. pi. *Haunt (hant or hawnt), v. t. To frequent ; to disturb by frequent visitation: — n., a place much fre- quented. [73-14.] [164-23.] *Haut-boy (h6'b6e), n. A wind- instrument of music j an oboe. *Hau-teur (h6-tur'), n. Haugh- tiness, pride. Have (hav), v. t. [had — had.] To possess; to enjoy; to hold. *Hav'ing, p. prs. J&B** Have is used both as a principal and as an auxiliary verb. It is the sign of the per- fect tense in the indicative, subjunctive, and infinitive moods. In the indicative and subjunctive moods, have fol- lowing shall or will is the sign of the second future tense; in the potential mood, following may, can, or must, it is the sign of the perfect; and fol- lowing might, could, would, or should, it is the sign of the pluperfect tense. Had is the sign of the plu- perfect tense in the indicative and subjunctive moods. Ha-ven (ha/vn), n. A port, a har- bor; a shelter. Hav-er-sack (haVur y sak), n. A soldier's bag or knapsack. *Hav-oc (hav'uk), n. Waste ; wide devastation[96-6] [359-17] : — v. t., to waste; to destroy. *Hav'ock v ing, p. prs. *HAV'OCK-ED, p.prf. *Hlw, n. The berry of the haw- thorn; a stammering: — v. i. f to hesitate in speaking. Haw-haw. See ha-ha. Hawk, n. A bird of prey ; an ef- fort to force phlegm up the throat: — v. t., to fly hawks at fowls ; to force up phlegm with a noise; to sell by proclaiming in the streets. Hawk'ing, p. prs. : — n., the diver- sion of flying hawks ; the act of forcing up phlegm. Hawk-er (hawk'ur), n. A peddler; a falconer. Hawk-nosed (hawk'nozd), a. Hav- ing an aquiline nose. Hawm. See haum. *Haws-er (hawz'ur), n. A small cable. Haw-thorn (haw'^orn), n. The whitethorn, which bears haws. Hay (ha), n. Grass dried for fodder. Hay-ing (ha'ing), n. The act of making hay. Hay-ma-ker (ha'ma x kur), n. One employed in drying grass for hay. *Hay-mow (ha'mSu), n. A mow or heap of hay in a barn. Haz-ard (haz'urd), n. Chance ; danger ; risk ; a game : — v. t., to expose to chance; to venture; to risk; to endanger. [340.] -Haz-ard-ous (haz'urd^us), a. Dangerous ; exposed to peril. Haze, n. A thin fog, mist. Ha-zel (ha'zl), n. A nut-tree: — a., light brown, of the color of hazel. Ha-zy (ha'ze), a. Foggy, misty. He, pro. [sing.nom. he ; pi. they : poss. his; theirs, (their): obj. him ; them.] The man or male named before or understood ; the man : — a., male. Head (he'd), n. The part that contains the brain ; understand- ing; principal person; the first place; top; the fore part; topic; source of a stream; crisis : — o., chief, highest, first : — v. t., to lead ; to govern; to check; to furnish with a head: — v. i., to form a head, as a plant ; to rise, as a river ; to be directed, as a ship. 237 HEA HEA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, m6ve, HEA Head-ache (hed'ake), n. A pain in the head. Head-band (he^'band), n. A fillet for the head. Head-Dress (he'd'dre's), n. A cover for the head. Head'-Dress^es, n. pi. Head-i-ness (h^d'de N n§s),n. Rash- ness, precipitation. Head-land (he'd'land), ». A prom- ontory; a cape. Head-less (hed'le's), a. Without a head, without a chief. Head-long (h^d'16ng), a. Rash; thoughtless ; precipitate : — ad., with the head foremost; precipi- tately. [376-1.] Head-man (hed'man), n. A chief. Head'men, n. pi. *Head-piece (hed'peese), n. Ar- mor for the head ; force of mind. Head-quar-ters (he'd-kwar'turz), n. pi. The station of a chief commander; a place from which orders are issued. Heads-man (heWinan), n. An executioner. Heads'men, n. pi. Head-stall (h§d'stal), n. That part of a bridle which covers the head. Head-stone (hed'stone), n. The capital stone ; a grave-stone. Head-strong (hed'str6ng), a. Ob- stinate, violent, ungovernable. Head-way (hed'wa), n. The ad- vancing motion of a ship. Head-wind (hed'wlnd), n. A con- trary wind. Head-y (hed'de), a. Rash; pre- cipitate. Heal (heel), v. t. To cure ; to rec- oncile: — v. i., to grow well. Heai/ed, p. prf. (ap. p. — of.) Heal-a-ble (heelTbl),a. Curable. Heal-er (heel'ur), n. One who heals. Health (h&\th), n. Soundness of body ; purity ; salvation ; wish of happiness. 238 Health-ful (hekA'fdl), a. Free from sickness, wholesome. HEALTH-FUL-NESs(hek/i'furne *Health-i-ness (hel^'e v n£s), n. Wholesomeness ; salubrity. Health-less (heU/i/le's), a. Sickly. Health-y (heM'e), a. In health conducive to health; salutary; wholesome; sound. Heap (heep), n. A pile; an accu- mulation ; a mass : — v. t., to ac cumulate; to pile. Hear (heer), v. t. [heard (hgrd) — heard.] To perceive by the ear; to listen to ; to give audi- ence ; to try judicially : — v. %., to perceive by the ear ; to listen ; to be told. Hear'ing, p. prs. : — n., the sense by which sounds are perceived ; judicial trial; audience; reach of the ear. Hear-er (heer'ur), n. One who hears. Heark-en (har'kn); v. ?'. To listen. *Heark-en-er (har'kn'ur), n. A listener. -Hear-say (heeVsa), n. Report; rumor. ^Hearse (hers), n. A carriage in which the dead are conveyed. Heart (hart), n. The muscle which propels blood through an animal body ; the inner part ; the chief or vital part ; animation ; spirit ; courage ; affection ; con- science; memory; disposition. ^"Heart-ache (hart'ake), n. Sor- row ; anguish, pang. Heart-Break-ing (hart'brake- ^ng), a. Overpowering with sorrow. Heart-bro-ken (hart'br6 N kn), a. Overpowered with sorrow. Heart-burn (hart'burn), n. A disease of the stomach. Heart-burn-ing (hart'burning), n. Discontent; secret enmity; heartburn. Heart-ease (hart'eez), n. Quiet. Heart-felt (hart'felt), a. Felt in the conscience; felt at the heart. ^Hearth (hkrth), n. A fire- place. Heart-i-ly (hart'e^e), ad. Sin- cerely, cordially, vigorously. Heart-i-ness (hart'e'nes), n. Sin- cerity, cordiality, zeal. Heart-less (hart'le'n), a. Without courage, spiritless, cold. Heart-less-ly (hartfleyte), ad. In a heartless manner. *Heart-less-ness (hart'leVne's), n. Want of affection or spirit. *Heart's-ease (harts'eez), n. A plant and its flower. Heart-sick (bart'sik), a. Pained in mind or heart. HEART-STRiNGS(hart'stringz),n.£>£. The tendons or nerves supposed to sustain the heart. Heart-y (hart'e), a. [heartier — heartiest.] Sincere, cordial, zealous ; vigorous. Heat (heet), n. The sensation produced by a hot substance; caloric; hot weather; a course at a race; ardor; flush; pas- sion; contest: — 1>. t. [heated or het — heated or het], to make hot; to excite: — v. i. y to grow hot or excited. Heat-er (heet't|r), n. One who or that which heats. * Heath (hkh), n. A plant; a place overgrown with heath. [107-21.]f Hea-then (h&'THn), n. A gentile or pagan : — a., gentile, pagan. Hea-then-ish (he'THnlsh), a. Pagan, godless, savage. *Hea-then-ism (he v THnlzm), ft. Gentilism, paganism. *Heath-er (h^TH'ur), n. Heath, a shrub. He ATH-ER-Y(heTH'ur v re)a. Abound- ing in heather ; heathy : — n., a plantation of heaths. Heath-y (he^'e), a. Full of heath. LLfJ! HEB HEE nor, nSt— tube, tub, bull— -611- -pdiind — *Mn, THis. HEI Heave (heev), v. t. [heaved or hove — heaved or hoven.] To lift; to raise; to throw; to vomit; to cause to swell, as a surge : — v. i., to pant ; to rise with pain or by exertion ; to breathe with pain ; to swell : — n., a lift ; an effort ; a throw ; a swell. Heav'ing, p. prs. Heaves, n. pi. Difficult breath- ing ; a disease of horses. Heav-en (hev'vn), n. The regions above ; the expanse of the sky ; the habitation of God; Jehovah; a state of bliss. Heav-en-born (heVvn^bSrn), a. Descended from heaven. *Heav-en-li-ness (heVvn x l£-ne's), n. The state of being heavenly. Heav-en-ly (hev'vn x le), a. Ce- lestial; resembling heaven: — ad., in a manner resembling that of heaven; by the influence of heaven. Heav-en-ward (hev'vnVard), ad. Towards heaven. *Heave-Off-er-ing (heev'W-fur- Ing), n. First-fruits given to Levites. Heav-i-ly (heVe v le), ad. With great weight ; grievously. Heav-i-ness (heVeWs), n. De- pression; weight, gravity. Heav-y (hev've), a. [heavier — heaviest.] Weighty ; sorrow- ful ; grievous ; depressed ; bur- densome; drowsy, stupid; dense: — ad., heavily. *Heb-dom-a-dal (h&b-d&m'aMal), a. Hebdomadary. *Heb-dom-a-da-ry (he*b-d6m'a- Ma-re), a. Weekly; consisting of seven days. Heb-e-tate (heV^tate), v. t. To dull ; to blunt. Heb'e v ta-ting, p. prs. Heb-e-tude (heVeHude), n. Dul- ness, bluntness. He-bra-hj (he-bra'ik), a. Relating to the Hebrews. He-bra-ism (he'bralzm or heVra- Izm), n. A Hebrew idiom. He-bra-ist (he'bralst or heb'ra- 1st), n. One versed in Hebrew. He-bri-cian (he-brish'an), n. Same as Hebraist, which see. He-brew (he'br66), n. An Is- raelite, a Jew ; the language of the Jews: — a., relating to the Jews. *Hec-a-tomb (hek'aH&6m or h&k'- a v t6m), n. A sacrifice of a hun- dred cattle. Hec-tic (hSk'tik), a. Habitual ; noting a slow, continued fever; feverish. [228-8.] *Hec-tor (heVtur), n. A bully; one who teases : — v. t., to tease ; to threaten. Hedge (heMje), n. A fence made with shrubs or trees [215-13] : — v. t., to enclose with a hedge ; to fence: — v. i., to skulk; to shift. Hedg'ing, p. prs. Hedge-hog (hidje'hSg), n. An animal set with prickles. Hedg-er (hedj'ur), n. One who makes hedges. Heed (heed), v. t. To mind; to regard ; to take notice of : — v. i., to mind ; to consider : — n., care, attention ; caution ; respectful notice. Heed-ful (heed'fdl), a. Cautious; attentive. Heed-ful-ly (heed'ful-le), ad. Attentively, carefully. Heed-ful-ness (heed'fulWs), n. Caution, vigilance, attention. Heed-less (heed'le's), a. Negli- gent, careless. Heed-less-ly (heed'leVle), ad. Carelessly, negligently. Heed-less-ness (heed'leVne's), n. Carelessness, thoughtlessness. Heel, n. The hind part of the foot or of what clothes the foot ; the latter part : — v. »., to dance ; to lean : — v. t., to dance ; to add a heel to. *Heel-piece (heel'peese), n. A piece fixed on the heel of a shoe : — v. t., to put a piece of leather on a shoe-heel. Heel-pie'cing, p. prs. Heel-tap (h&el'tap), v. t. To heelpiece. Heel'tapVing, p. prs. *Heel'tapp-ed, p. prf. Heft, n. Haft, handle ; weight : — v. t., to try the weight of a thing by lifting. *He-gi-ra (he-jl'ra or hed'je'ra), n. Flight; the Mohammedan epoch or era, dated from July 16, a.d. 622, the day of Mohammed's flight from Mecca. *Heif-er (heTur), n. A young cow. *Heigh-Ho (hl'hd), in. An expres- sion of languor or uneasiness. -Height K u , n f Elevation; Hight J ( hUe) > n * J high place, altitude, summit; utmost de- gree; crisis. *Height-en I (hlte'en), v. t. To Hight-en J raise higher; to make more intense; to improve. *Hei-nous (ha'nus), a. Atrocious, very wicked, flagrant. Hei-nous-ly (ha'nusle), ad. Wick- edly, atrociously. Hei-nous-ness (ha'nusWs), n. Atrociousness, wickedness. Heir (are), n. One who inherits by law. [101-32.] [342-12.] *Heir-Ap-pa-rent fare-ap-pa'- re'nt), n. A man who, during the life of his ancestor, is enti- tled to succeed to an estate or crown. *Heir-dom (are'dutn), n. The state or possessions of an heir. Heir-ess (are'ls), n. A female who inherits. *Heir'ess v es, n. pi. Heir-less (are'les), a. Without an heir. Heir-loom (are'166m), n. Furni- ture which descends by inherit- ance. 239 HEL HEM Fate, far, f&ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, HER *IIeir-Pre-suhp-tive ( v are-pre- zdm'tlv), n. A man who is en- titled to succeed to an estate or crown, but whose right of in- heritance would be supplanted by the birth of a nearer relative or other contingency. Heir-ship (are'ship), n. The state or privileges of an heir. Held, pst. t. and p. prf. of hold. He-li-ac (he'le'ak), ) *He-li-a-cal (he-llTkal), J °" Emerging from the lustre of the sun, or falling into it. *Hel-i-cal (hel'e'kal), a. Spiral. *He-li-o-cen-tric ( x he-le-6-s£n'- trik), a. Relating to the centre of the sun. *HE-Li-0G-RA-PHY( r he-le-6g , ra v fe), n. Photography, photogeny. *He-li-ol-a-try ( x he-le-61'a v tre), n. The worship of the sun. *He-li-o-trope (he'le-6Hr6pe), n. The sunflower ; a mineral. *He-lix (he'liks or hel'iks), n. A spiral line ; a coil. *He / li v ces, n. pi. Hell, n. The place of the damned ; the infernal powers; a gambling- house. *Hel'le x b6re, n. A plant. *Hel-le-nic (hel'le'nlk or hSl- leVlk), a. Grecian. Hel-len-ism (hel'leVizm), n. A Greek idiom. Hel-len-ist (hel'leVist), n. A Jew who used the Greek lan- guage ; one skilled in the Greek language. Hel-le-nize (hel'lo'nlze), v. i. To use the Greek language. Hel'leVi-zing, p. pre. Hell-hound (hel'hMnd), n. An agent of hell. Hell-ish (hel'lsh), a. Having the qualities of hell; infernal. Hell-ish-ly (heTlsh N le), ad. In- fernally, wickedly. Hell-ish-ness (hel'ish^nes), Extreme wickedness. 240 j- Helm, n. An instrument for steer- ing a ship ; a place of direction; a helmet. Hel-met (hel'inet), n. Armor for the head. [153-4.] He-lot (he'lut or hel'ut), n. A slave ; a Spartan slave. Help, v. t. To assist; to support; to aid; to relieve; to prevent; to forbear : — v. i. f to give assist- ance: — n., aid, assistance, relief. Help-er (help'ur), n. An assistant. Help'ful, a. Useful, assisting. Help-less (help'les), a. Wanting power, support, or assistance. Hely-less-ness (help'les'nes), n. Want of ability. *Help-mate (help'mate), Help-meet (help'meet), A companion; an assistant; a wife. Hel-ter-Skel-ter (h£l'tur-skel'- tur), ad. In a hurry; con- fusedly. Helve (helv), n. The handle of an axe: — v. t., to furnish with a handle. Helv'ing, p. prs. Hem, n. The edge of a garment doubled and sewed: — v. L, to form a hem ; to border ; to en- close : — n. or in., a sort of volun- tary cough : — v. i. 9 to utter a sort of cough. Hem'ming, p. prs. #Hem-med (hemd), p. prf. *Hem-i-cy-cle (hem'e x sl-kl), n. A half circle or cycle. *Hem-i-pleg-y (hem'e^plej-e), n. Palsy of one side. Hem-i-sphere (hem'e^sfere), n. The half of a globe. *Hem-i-spher-i-cal phem-e-sfeV- e x kal), a. Relating to, or con- taining, half a globe. *Hem-is-tich (hem'lsHlk or he- mis'tik), n. Half a line in poetry; an imperfect verse. Hem-lock (hem'l6k), n. A poison- ous plant; an evergreen tree. *Hem-or-rhage (hetn'oYaje), n, A violent flux of blood. HEM-0R-RHt)iDs(hem / 6rV6idz),7i.j!??. The piles. Hemp, n. A fibrous plant of which coarse linen and ropes are made ; dressed fibres of the plant. Hemp-en (hem'pn), a. Made of hemp. [fowl. Hen, n. The female of a bird or Hen'bIne, n. A poisonous plant. Hence (he'nse), ad. From this place; away; at a distance; for this reason ; from this cause : — in., begone; away. Hence-forth (hense'f6r^ or hense- fbrth'), ad. From this time forward. Hence-for-ward (hense-f6r'ward) ad. From this time forward, i Hen-peck-ed (heVpekt), a. Gov- erned by a wife. *He-pat-ic (he-pat'ik), a. Be- longing to the liver. Hep-ta-gon (hep'ta x g6n), n. A plane figure with seven sides. Hep-tag-o-nal (hep-tag'6 x nal), a.* Having seven sides or angles. Hep-tang-u-lar (bep-tang'gu- Mar), a. Having seven angles. Hep-tarch (hep'tlrk), n. A ruler in a heptarchy. *Hep-tar-chy (hep'tar^ke), n. A government of seven rulers. Hep'tar x chies, n. pi. Her (hur), pro. The objective case of she : — pro. or a., a singular and possessive form of she, used before the name of that which is possessed ; as, That is her house : — see Brown's " Grammar of English Grammars," commen- cing p. 314. Her-ald (her'ald), n. An officer who registers genealogies, ad- justs ensigns armorial, regulates funerals, and proclaims war or peace; a precursor, harbinger, forerunner: — v. t., to introduce as by a herald; to proclaim. HER HER n5r, n&t— tube, tub, b^ll — 611 — pMnd- •thin, thIs. HES He-ral-dic (he-ral'dlk), a. Rela- ting to heraldry. IIer-ald-ry (her'aldVe), n. The nrt or office of a herald. [269.] Her'altvries, n. pi. Herb (erb or herb), n. A plant which has a succulent stalk; a vegetable. *Her-ba-ceous (her-ba'shus), a. Belonging to herbs. #Her-bage (er'bij or heYbij), n. Herbs collectively; grass,pasture. Her-bal (heVbal), n. A book con- taining a description of plants; a collection of specimens of plants dried : — a., relating to plants. Her-bal-ist (her'barist), n. One versed in herbs ; a simplist. Her-ba-ri-um (her-ba're x um), n. A collection of dried herbs. Her-ba'ri v a, \ , *Her-ba'ri x ums, j n * -P # *HER-BiF-ER-ous(h§r-bifur > ds),a. Bearing herbs. *HER-Biv-o-ROUs(h^r-blv r 6Vds),ce. Eating herbs. Herb-y (erb'e~ or herb'e), a. Hav- ing the nature of herbs. #Her-cu-le-an (h£r-ku/le x an), a. Like Hercules; very strong; large; great; massy. Herd, n. A number of beasts together ; a company of men (in contempt): — v. i., to run in herds ; to associate: — v. L, to form into herds. Herds-man (h£rdz'man), n. One who tends herds. Herds'men, n. pi. Here, ad. In this place or state. Here-a-bout (here'a v bdut), ) Here-a-bouts (here'a^bdiits), J ad. About this place. Here-af-ter (here-af tur), ad. In a future state ; at a future time : — »., a future state. Here-at (here-at'), ad. At this. IIere-by (here-bl'), ad. By this. .*HE-RED-i-TA-BLE(he-rM'eHa-bl), x. Capable of being inherited. Q *Her-e-dit-a-ment (^her-e-dlf Si- lent), n. In Law, property inherited. He-red-i-ta-ry (he-r§d'eHa-re), a. Descending by inheritance ; transmitted from parents to children. [16-24.] [270-4.] *Here-in (here-in'), ad. In this. Here-in-to (here-in't6), ad. Into this. Here-of (here-6v r ), ad. Of this ; from this. Here-on (here-6n / ), ad. On this. *He-re-si-arch (he-re r z^ N ark or heVe v se-ark), n. A leader in heresy. Her-e-sy (her'e x s£), n. An opinion not orthodox; heterodoxy; error in doctrine. *Her'e x sies, n. pi. Her-e-tic (heVexlk), n. One who entertains erroneous opinions in religion. [298-25.] He-ret-i-cal (he-ret'e x kal), a. Containing heresy. *HE-RET-i-cAL-LY(he-r§t'e x kal-le), ad. With heresy. Here-to (here-t66'), ) Here-un-to (^here-un-tdS'), J To this. Here-up-on (^h^re-ftp-dn'), ad. Upon this. Here-to-fore ( x here-tS-f6re'), ad. Formerly, anciently. [this. Here-with (here-wliA'), ad. With *Her-i-ta-ble (heVe^ta-bl), a. Capable of being inherited. Her-i-tage (her'e^tije), n. In- heritance. [39-6.] Her-maph-ro-dite (her-mafr6- Mite), n. An animal or plant uniting both sexes. Her-me-neu-tics ( x h£r-me-nu'- tlks), n. pi. The science of in- terpretation. Her-met-ic (her-met'ik), > *Her-met-i-cal (her-rnet'e x kal), J a. Chemical ; perfectly closed. Her-met-i-cal-ly (her-met'e x kal- le), ad. Closely. 21 ad. Her-mit (hermit), n. A solitary; an anchorite; one who retires from society to contemplation and devotion. f Her-mit-age (her'mltlje), n. A cell or habitation of a hermit. Her-ni-a (her'ne'a), n. A rupture. He-ro (he'r6), n. A man eminent for bravery ; a great warrior ; the principal character in a poem, &c. [68-28.]| He 'roes, h. pA. He-ro-ic (he-r6'lk), ") He-ro-ic-al (he-r6'ik x al), j a ' Relating to, or becoming, a hero; brave, valiant ; epic. *He-ro-ic-al-ly (he-r6'lk v al-le), ad. In a heroic manner. Her-o-ine (heV61n), n. A brave female. Her-o-ism (h^r'61zm), n. The qualities or character of a hero ; courage. [68-9.] [231-7.] *Her-on (her'un), n. A bird that feeds upon fish. [sea-fish. * Her-ring (her'rlng), n. A small Hers (hurz), pro. A singular and possessive form of she, used af- ter the name of that which is possessed; as, This house is hers : — see her. Her-self (hur-self), pro. [pi. themselves.] A female before mentioned. j^lf* Herself, in the nomina- tive case, adds significance to the person of she or some noun expressed before; in the ob- jective, it indicates that the action expressed by the verb reverts upon the agent , and, in such cases, herself is called the reciprocal of the agent. It has no possessive form. *Hes-i-tan-cy (heV£ v tan-se), n. Uncertainty; suspense. Hes-i-tate (heVeHate), v. t. To pause in act or speech ; to be in doubt ; to delay. [133-39.] [306-2.] Hes a i v ta-ting, p. prs. 241 HIB HIE Fate, far, fall, fat — me, in^t — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, HIG Hes-i-ta-tion fhez-e-ta'shun), n. Pause in act or speech ; doubt. Hes-i-ta-ting-ly fhSz-e-ta'tlng- x le), ad. In an uncertain, falter- ing manner. [299-17.] Het, pst. t. a,ri(lp.prf. of HEAT. Het-er-o-clite (het'eV6-kllte), n. An irregular word ; an anomaly. Het-er-o-dox (hSt'^r-6M6ks), a. Deviating from established opin- ion ; heretical, erroneous : — op- posed to orthodox. [227.] *nET-ER-o-Dox-Y(heVer-6 v d&ks-e), n. Erroneous doctrine; heresy. Het'er-o^dox-ies, n. pi, *Het-er-o-ge-ne-ous ( N het-er-6- je'ne^us), a. Dissimilar in na- ture : — opposed to homogeneous. Het-man (het'man), n. The chief commander of the Cossacks. *Hew (hu), v. t. [hewed — hewed or hewn.] To cut with an axe ; to chop ; to hack ; to smooth with an edged instrument. [186-19.] HEX-A-G0N(heks'a v g6n), n. A plane figure of six sides or angles. *Hex-ag-o-nal (hegz-ag'6 x nal), a. Having six sides or angles. *HEX-A-HE-DRON( > heks-a-he'dr&n) n. A regular solid, contained by six equal square faces ; a cube. *Hex-am-e-ter (hegz-am'eHur), n. A poetic verse of six feet: — a., having six metrical feet. Hex-an-gu-lar (hegz-ang'guHar), a. Having six corners or angles, Hey (ha), in. An expression or word of joy. *Hey-day (ha'da), in. An ex pression of frolic, exultation, or wonder : — n., a frolic ,• wildness. *Hi-a-tus (hl-a'tus), n. An ap- erture; a chasm. Hi-a'tus^es, n. pi. Hi-ber-nal (hi-ber'nal), a. Be- longing to winter. [winter. Hi-ber-nate (hl'beVnate), v. i. To Hi'ber x na-ting, p. prs. Hi-ber-na-tion (^hl-ber-na'shun), n. The act of wintering. 242 ^Hi-ber-ni-an (hl-beYne x an), n. An Irishman: — a., relating to Ireland. *Hic-cough (hlk'kup or hlk'k6f ), n. A simultaneous spasm of the diaphragm and glottis : — v. ?'., to have a hiccough : — often written hickup or HICCUP. *Hick-or-y (hik'urVe), n. A species of walnut. HIDE, V. t. [HID — HIDDEN Or HID.] To conceal; to withhold or with- draw from sight or knowledge: — v. i., to lie hid ; to be con- cealed : — n., the skin of an ani- mal; a quantity of land from sixty to one hundred acres. Hi'ding, p. prs. *Hi-dal-go (he-daFg6), n. A Spanish nobleman. [127.] Hide-bound (hlde'bdund), a. Hav- ing the skin close. Hid-e-ous (hld'eNis or hld'yus), a. Horrible, dreadful. [273.] Hid-e-ous-ly (hid'e v ds-le or hld' r yus x le), ad. Horribly, dreadfully. *Hid-e-ous-ness (hld'e^us-nes or hld'yuVnes), n. Horribleness. Hie (hi), v. i. To hasten; to go in haste. *Hy'ing, p. prs. *Hi-ed (hide), p. prf. Hi-e-rarch (hl'eVark), n. The chief of a sacred order. Hi-e-rar-chal (hl'eYar-kal), a. Of a hierarch or hierarchy. *Hi-e-rar-chy (hl'e x rar-ke), n. Sacred government; ecclesiasti- cal establishment; order of ce- lestial beings. HrVRAR-CHiES, n. pi. Hi-e-ro-glyph (hl / e-r6 x gllf), n. A hieroglyphic. Hi-E-RO-GLYPH-icfhi-e-ro-gllf'ik), n. A symbolical character ; the art of writing in picture : — a., emblematical ; hieroglyphical. Hi-e-ro-glyph-i-cal ( x hl-e-r6- gllf'e v kal), a. Emblematical; expressing by pictures. *Hi-e-ro-glyph-ics ( x hl-e-r6-gllf'- Iks), n. pi. Picrure-writing. Hi-E-R0-MAN-CY(hl'§-r6\nan-se),n. Divination by sacrifices. Hi-er-o-phant (hl-er'6 v fant), ) Hi-e-ro-phant (hl'e x r&-fant), ) n " An expounder of mysteries; a priest. Hig-gle (blg'gl), v. i. To hag- gle; to peddle; to chaffer. Hig'gling, p. prs. *Hig-gler (blg'glilr), n. One who higgles ; a pedler. High (hi), a. Elevated; exalted; abstruse; arrogant; noble; vio- lent; strong-tasted; dear; capi- tal: — ad., aloft; aloud; greatly. High-blown (hl'bl&ne), a. Swelled with wind. High-born (hl'bSrn), a. Of noble extraction. *High-fli-er (hl'nTur), n. One who carries his opinions to ex- travagance. High-flown (hl'fl&ne), a. Ex- travagant; elevated. High-land (hl'land), n. Moun- tainous regions. High-land-er (hl'Iand^ur), n. An inhabitant of mountains. High-ly (hl'le), ad. With eleva- tion ; in a great degree. High-mind-ed (hi'inlnd^ed), a. Proud, arrogant. High-ness (hl'nes), n. Elevation; the title of a prince. High'ness^es, n. pi. High-Press-ure (hl-presh'ur), n. Pressure greater than that of a single atmosphere. *High-Priest (hl'preest), n. A chief priest. *High-Sea-son-ed (hl-se'znd), a. Piquant to the palate. High-Spir-it-ed (hl-splrlt^ed), a. Bold, daring. High-Strung (hl'strung), a. High- spirited. Hight (hlte), a. Was named, was called : — »., see height. Era HIS nor, n6t— tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p6und — thin, THis. HOA High-Wa-ter (hi'wa'tur), n. The utmost flow of the tide ; high tide. High-way (hl-wa')> n. A great road ; a public path. High-way-man (hi'wa^man), n. A robber on the public roads. High'way v men, n. pi. *High-Wrought (hl'rawt), a. Accurately finished ; inflamed to a high degree. *Hi-la-ri-ous (hl-la're x us), a. Merry, mirthful. *Hil-ar-i-ty (hil-lar'eHe), n. Mer- riment, gayety. [95-27.] HIll, n. An elevation of ground less than a mountain ; a heap about maize : — v. t., to form into hills. *Hil-lock (hll'l&k), n. A little hill. Hil-ly (hil'le), a. Full of hills. HIlt, n. A handle, particularly of a sword. [213-4.] H!m, pro. The objective singular of HE. Him-self (hlm-self), pro. [pi. themselves.] A male before mentioned. /£*§** Himself is similar in use to herself, which see. HInd, a. [hinder — hindmost or hindermost.] Backward : — n., the female of a stag ; a peasant. Hin-der (hin'dur), v. t. To ob- struct; to impede; to interpose obstacles, (ap. p. — from.) Hind-er (hind'ur), a. On the rear : — see hind. *HiN-DER-ANCE(hin'dur > anse) ) Hin-drance (hln'dranse), J Impediment, let, stop. [201-24.] Hind-er-most (hind'ur x m6st), ) Hind-most (hind'm&st), J Last; in the rear: — see hind. Hinge (hinje), n. A joint upon which a gate or door turns; a governing principle: — v. t., to furnish with hinges: — v. i., to turn, as on a hinge; to hang; to depend. *Hin'ging, p. pre. Hint, n. Faint notice, remote al- lusion ; suggestion : — v. t., to bring to mind by a slight men- tion or remote allusion ; to sug- gest : — v. %., to mention slightly ; to intimate, {ap. p. — at, to.) Hip, n. The joint of the thigh; the fruit of the brier ; low spirits : — v. t., to sprain the hip; to depress. Hip'ping, p. pre. Hip-ped (hipt), p. prf. *Hip-po-cen-taur. See centaur. *Hip-po-drome (hip'p6Mr6me), n. A circus for horse-races, &c. *Hip-po-griff (hip'p6 v grif), n. A winged horse. *Hip-po-pot-a-mtts fhlp-p6-pSt'a- x mus), n. The river-horse. \EIip-po-pot'a n mi, ) , v Hip-po-pot'a x mus-es, J n ' & ' HIre, v. t. To procure for tempo- rary use at a certain price ; to bribe; to engage for pay: — n., recompense for the use of any thing ; wages ; compensation. Hi'ring, p. prs. Hire-ling (hireling), n. One who serves for wages; a mercenary: — a., serving for hire; merce- nary, venal. [260-21.] HiR-suTE(hlr'sute), a. Rough, hairy. His (hiz), pro. or a. The singular possessive form of he, used be- fore and after the name of that which is possessed ; as, This is his house, or, This house is his : — see " Grammar of Grammars," p. 314. Hiss, v. i. To utter a noise like that of a serpent; to express contempt by hissing (ap. p. — at): — v. t.f to condemn by hissing : — »., the voice of a serpent; a noise like that of water thrown on hot iron; an expression of contempt. Hiss'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. HIst, in. An exclamation com- manding silence ; hush. His-to-ri-an (hls-td're^an), n. A writer of facts and events; a chronicler. His-tor-ic (hls-t&r'Ik), ) His-tor-i-cal (his-t6r'e v kal), J a ' Pertaining to history. *His-tor-i-cal-ly (his-t6r / e'ka,l- le), ad. In the manner of history. *His-to-ri-og-ra-pher (hls x t6-re- 6g / gra x fdr), n. A writer of history. His-T0-Ri-0G-RA-PHY(hlsH6-re-6g 7 - gra v fe), n. The art or employ- ment of a historian. His-tor-y (hls'turVe), n. A narra- tion of events and facts ; a chronicle; description [226-26] [63] : — see modern. *His'tor a ies, n. pi. *His-tri-on-ic ( x his-tre-onlk), a. Theatrical. H!t, v. t. [hit — hit.] To strike; to touch the mark ; to attain ; to reach the point : — v. i., to clash : to succeed ; to light on : — »., a stroke ; a lucky chance. Hit'ting, p. prs. Hitch (hltsh), v. i. To move by jerks: — v. t., to fasten; to tie: — n., a catch, a noose, a knot ; a jerk. Hitch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Hith-er (hlTH'ur), ad. To this place : — a. com., nearer, towards this part : — see whither. Hith-er-most (hlTH'ur x mdst), a. sup. Nearest on this side. J%&** Hither and hithermost have no positive. *Hith-er-to (hlTH'urHdS), ad. To this time, yet. Hith-er-ward (hiTH'urVard), *Hith-er-wards (hlTH'iirVardz), ad. This way; towards this place. HIve, n. A habitation of bees; a society : — v. t., to harbor ; to put into hives. Hi'ving, p. prs. H6, in. A call; a sudden ex- clamation calling attention. Hoar. See hoary. 243 HOC HOI Fate, far, fall, fat — me> met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, HOL Hoard (h6rd), n. A store laid up in secret; a hidden stock or treasure [311] : — v. i., to lay up store : — v. t., to hide ; to collect together and deposit secretly. [153-7.] Hoard-er (h6rd'ur), n. One who stores up in secret. *Hoar-Frost (h&re'fr&st), n. Frozen dew. *Hoar-hound (h&re'h6und), n. A plant. Hoar-i-ness (hftre'e^nes), n. The state of being whitish; a gray color. Hoarse (h6rse), a. Having the voice rough, as with a cold ; hav- ing a rough sound ; harsh. Hoarse-ly (horse'le), ad. With a rough, harsh voice. #Hoarse-ness (h6rse'nes), n. Roughness of voice; state of be- ing hoarse. Hoar-y (h6re'e), a. White or gray with age ; white with frost. *Hoax (h6ks), n. A deception, an imposition : — v. t., to deceive. Hoax'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. H6b, n. A clown; a fairy; part of a grate. Hob-ble (h6Vbl), v. i. To walk lamely; to limp [166-18]: — n., a halting walk. *Hob'bling, p. prs. Hob-by (h6b'be), n. A little horse; a favorite object or pursuit; a hawk. *Hob'bies, n. pi. Hob-by-Horse (h&b'be^hSrse), n. A wooden horse ; a hobby. Hob-gob-lin ( x h6b-g6b'lln), n. A fairy ; a frightful apparition. Hob-nail (h&b'nale), n. A nail used in shoeing a horse. Hock (h6k), n. The joint between the knee and fetlock ; a kind of Rhenish wine : — v. t., to disable in the hock ; to hockle. Hock-le (h&k'kl), v. t. To ham- string. 2U iea. *Hock'ling, p. prs. *Ho-cus-Po-cus (h6'kus-p6'kus), n. A juggle, a cheat, a trick. H6d, n. A kind of trough in which mortar, &c. are carried, Hodge-podge (h6dje'p6dje), Hotch-pot (h6tsh'p6t), *Hotch-potch (h6tsh'p6tsh) A medley, a mixed mass. Hotch'potch n es, n. pi. *Ho-di-er-nal ^hd-de-eVnal), a. Of to-day; belonging to the present time. Hod -man (h&d'man), n. A carrier of a hod with mortar, &c. Hod'men, n. pi. Hoe (h6), n. A farming- tool used in loosening earth and weeding : — v. t., to dig with a hoe. *Hoe'ing, p. prs. 116 G, n. A swine : — v. t., to scrape a ship's bottom under water; to cut a brute's hair short. Hog-herd (h6g'herd), n. A keeper of hogs. Hog-gish (h6g'glsh), a. Brutish, selfish, greedy. *Hog-gish-ly (h6g'gish^le), ad. Greedily, selfishly. Hog-gish-ness (hog'gish r n£s), n. Brutality, greediness, selfishness. *Hogs-head (h6gz'he : d), n. A wine-cask of sixty-three gallons ; a beer-cask of fifty-four gallons ; the contents of a hogshead. 70t* A hogshead of Wine con- tains 14553, one of Beer 15228, cubic inches ; so that a hogs- head of wine is 539-564ths of a hogshead of beer. See GALLON. Hog-sty (h6g'sti), n. A pen in which swine are kept. *H0G r STIES, n. pi. Hog-wash (h6g'w6sh), n. The draff which is given to swine. Hog'wash^es, n. pi. *Hoi-den (hde'dn), n. An awk- ward country girl : — a., rude, in- elegant, coarse in manners. Hoist (hSlst), v. t. To raise up on high : — n., a lift; act of raising. *Hoi-ty-toi-ty (hoTte-tdl'te), in. An exclamation denoting surprise. H6ld, v. t. [held — held or holden.] To grasp in the hand; to keep, retain ; to possess ; to enjoy ; to maintain ; to contain ; to suspend ; to stop ; to detain ; to offer : — v. i., to stand ; to con- tinue unbroken ; to endure ; to refrain; to adhere (ap. p. — in, off, on) : — n., gripe ; seizure ; sup- port; catch, influence ; custody; interior of a ship. Hold'ing, p. prs. : — w., tenure ; in- fluence; farm held; hold. Hold-er (h61d'ur), n. One who or that which holds; a handle. H6ld / fast, n. A catch, a hook. H6le, n. A perforation ; a hollow place ; a mean habitation ; a subterfuge ; means of escape. *Hol-i-day. See holyday. *Ho-li-ly (h&'le x le), ad. Piously, inviolably; with sanctity. *Ho-li-ness (h6'le x nes), n. Sanc- tity, purity of moral character; piety ; the title of the pope.f Ho'li^ness-es, n. pi. {title.) Hol-land (hol'land), n. A fine linen made in Holland. Hol-la ] (b.61'16 or h&l-16'), v. i. *Hol-lo > To call out : — see Hol-lowJ halloo. *Hol-lo | (h6l-16 / ), in. or n. An ex- Hol-loa j pression used in calling. *Hol-low (hbYlb), a. Excavated, void within; not faithful; not sound; deceitful [230-5] : — n., a cavity; den, pit, opening; pass- age: — v. t. } to make hollow; to excavate : — see holla, &e. Hol-low-ness (h61 / l6 x nes), n. A cavity; deceit, insincerity. Hol-ly (h6l'le), n. An ever- green tree or shrub. *Hol'lies, n. pi. *Holm (home or h61m), n. An evergreen oak; a river-island. HOM HOM nSr, nSt--tube, tub, bill— 611- -pSund — thin, this. HON *Hol-ly-hock (h&l'le'h6k), n. A plant, the rose-mallow. *Hol-o-caust (h61'6 v kawst), n. A whole burnt sacrifice. *Hol-o-graph (h61'6 x graf), n. A deed or will written wholly by the grantor's or testator's own hand. Hol-ster (h61'stur), n. A case for a horseman's pistol. Ho-ly (h6'le), a. [holier — ho- liest.] Good, pious, religious ; pure; sacred, divine. *Hol-i-day | (h&l'e'da), n. An- *Hol-y-day J niversary feast; a day of gayety and joy ; a day of exemption from labor : — a., per- taining to days of gayety ; gay. 7^t* This word is usually writ- ten holiday and pronounced h61'e x da; but holyday, pro- nounced h&'leMa, should be preferred to distinguish a day set apart for religious festival or service. *Hom-age (h6m'lje), n. Service paid to a superior; obeisance; duty; fealty. [76-28.] [379-25.] Home, n. One's own house or country ; place of constant resi- dence; abode: — ad., to one's own habitation; to the point de- signed: — a., domestic; relating to one's family ; pointed. Home-born (h6me'b6rn), a. Na- tive, domestic. Home-bred (h6me'br£d), a. Art- less, plain, domestic. H6me'less, a. Without a home. Home-li-ness (h6me'le\ies), n. Plainness ; coarseness. Home-ly (h6me'le), a. [home- lier — ^homeliest.] Inelegant, plain, homespun, coarse. H6me / made, a. Made at home. *Ho-ME-o-PATH-ic( N h6-me-6-pa^ / - 1k), «. Relating to homeopathy. Ho-me-op-a-thist ( v h6-me-6p'a- ^Mst), n. A physician who prac- tices homeopathy. *Ho-me-op-a-thy ( x h6-me-&p'a- Hhk), n. The system of curing diseases by administering drugs which, taken in massive doses, by healthy persons, would pro- duce symptoms similar to those of the disease : — opposed to allopathy. 70§^ Homeopathy and its com pounds are usually written with a diphthong in the second syllable; thus, homceopathy, homoeopathic, &g. Home-sick (h6me'slk), a. Desi- rous to go home. Home-spun (h6me'spun), a. Spun or wrought at home. *Home-stead (h6me'sted), n. The place of the mansion-house; a farm with its buildings. Home-ward (home'wurd), ) , Home-wards (h6me'wurdz), J a " Towards home. *Hom-i-ci-dal ( v h&m-e-sl'dal), a. Murderous, bloody. *Hom-i-cide (h6m r e x side), n. A murderer; manslaughter,murder. Hom-i-let-ic ( v hSrn-e-let'ik), a. Pertaining to homiletics. *Hom-i-let-ics (^hSm-e-letlks), n. pi. The science of preaching. Hom-i-ly (hom'eHe), n. A discourse read to a congregation; a re- ligious discourse. *Hom'i x lies, n. pi. *Hom-i-ny (hom'e^ne), n. Maize coarsely ground or broken. Hom-mock. See hummock. Ho-mge-op-a-thy. See homeop- athy. Ho-mo-ge-ne-al ( r h6-m6-je'ne v al), a. Homogeneous. *Ho-mo-ge-ne-ous ( > h6-m6-je'ne- v us), a. Having the same na- ture ; being of the same kind. Ho-mo-ge-ne-ous-ness ( v h6-m6- je'ne x us-n£s), n. Sameness of nature. Ho-mol-o-gous (h6-mSl'6 x gus), a Having the same proportions. 21* *Hom-o-nym ) (h6m / 6 x nim), n. A Hom-o-nyme j word having the same sound as another, but dif- fering from it in signification; as, stair, stare. *Ho-mon-y-mous (hd-m6n'e x mus), a. Equivocal, ambiguous. *Ho-mon-y-my (h6-m6n'e x me), n. Equivocation, ambiguity. *Ho-moph-o-nous (hd-mofd x nus), a. Having the same sound. H6ne, n. A whetstone for a razor, Ac: — v. t., to sharpen on a hone. Hon-est (6n'Sst), a. Upright, true, sincere, candid; chaste; just. Hon-est-ly (6n'est x le), ad. Up- rightly, justly ; with chastity. *Hon-est-y (h&n'e^e), n. Jus- tice, truth, virtue, integrity. Hon-ey (hun'ne), n. A luscious substance collected and prepared by bees ; sweetness ; a name of tenderness : — v. t., to sweeten. Hon-ey-Bag (hun'ne v bag), n. The stomach of the bee. Hon-ey-comb (hun'ne N k6me), n. Cells of wax in which bees store honey. *Hon-ey-Dew (hun'neMu), n. A sweet substance ejected by certain insects on the leaves of plants. *Hon-ey-ed ) (hun'nid), a. Sweet, Hon-ied j covered with honey. Hon-ey-moon (hun'ne N m66n), n. The first month after marriage. *HoN-EY-sucK-LE(hun'ne v suk-kl), n. A fragrant plant and its flower; the woodbine. H6ng, n. The Chinese name for a large factory. *Hon-or-a-ry (6n'nur v a-re), a. Done in honor; conferring honor without profit. Hon-or (on'nur), n. Dignity; rep- utation ; reverence ; chastity ; fame, renown; decoration; a title of respect [65-34] [379-26]:— v, L, to reverence; to regard with veneration or honor; to dignify; to esteem. [54-12.] 245 HOP HOR Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, met — pine, pin — n6, mSve, HOR *Hon-or-a-ble (6n'nur x a-bl), a. Illustrious, noble ; generous ; honest; equitable. Hon-or-a-bly (6n'nur r a-bl&), ad. Reputably ; without reproach. Hood (hud), n. A covering for a woman's head. Hood-wink (hud'wlngk), v. t. To blind; to cover; to deceive. H66f, n. The horny part of a beast's foot. Hook (huk or ho&k), n. A thing bent so as to catch hold; a sic kle; a snare; an expedient: — v. t. f to catch with a hook ; to insnare : — v. i., to bend; to curve. Hoop (h&6p or Mp), n. Any thing circular; a band of wood or metal for a cask; a part of a lady's dress : — v. t., to bind or enclose with hoops ; to encircle : — v. i., to shout; to whoop. #Hoop-iNG-CouGH( > ho6p-lng-k&f) n. A convulsive cough : — often written whooping-cough. *H66t, v. i. To shout in con- tempt ; to cry as an owl : — v. t., to drive away with shouts of con- tempt: — »., clamor, shout. H6p, v. i. To jump ; to leap on one leg: — v.t.jto impregn ate with hops: — n., a jump on one leg ; a plant. Hop'ping, p. prs. *Hop-ped (hopt), p. prf. H6pe, n. Expectation of good; a thing expected [55-17] [273] :— v. i., to live in expectation of some good : — v. t., to expect with desire. Ho'ping, p. prs. Hope-ful (h6pe'ful), a. Full of hope or expectation; promising. Hope-ful-ly (h6pe'ful x le), ad. With hope. #Hope-ful-ness (hope'fuPne's), n. Promise of good; likelihood to succeed. Hope-less (h6pe'15s), a. Without hope, desponding, despairing. *Hope-less-ness (b&pe'leVnSs), n, A hopeless state; despair. 246 Hop-per (h&p'pur), n. He who hops ; the box into which grain is put to be ground. Hop-ple (h&p'pl), v. t. To tie the feet together. *Ho-ral (ho'ral), a. Relating to the hour. *Ho-ra-ry (ho'raYe), a. Relating to an hour ; continuing for an hour. *H6rde, n. A clan, or tribe; a migratory band. *Ho-ri-zon (h6-rl'z6n), n. The line that bounds the view, called the sensible horizon; an imagi- nary great circle, equally distant from the zenith and nadir, which divides the globe into two hemi- spheres, called the real or rational horizon. [35-20.] Hor-i-zon-tal ( N h6r-e-z6n'tal), a. Parallel to the horizon; on a level. [159-22.] *Hor-i-zon-tal-ly ( > h6r-£-z6n'- taHe), ad. In a direction par- allel to the horizon ; on a level. Horn, n. Hard, pointed bodies which grow on the heads of some animals ; the feeler of an insect; an extremity of a crescent; a wind instrument of music; apoint. Horn-book (hdrn'b66k), n. The first book for children. Horn-ed (h6rn'^d), a. Furnished with horns. Hor-net (hoVne't), n. A large kind of wasp. Horn-pipe (h6rn'plpe), n. A dance; a wind instrument of music. Horn-y (hdrn'e), a. Made of horn. *Hor-o-loge (h6r'6M6je or h6r'6- v 16je), n. A clock, a watch, an hour-glass. Hor-o-log-i-cal ( y h6r-o-16j'e x kal), a. Relating to horology. Ho-rol-o-gy (ho-rftWje or h6r'- 6 x 16-je), n. The art of measuring time, or of constructing time- pieces. *Ho-rom-e-try (h6-r6m r eHre), n. Art of measuring time by hours. *Hor-o-scope (h6r'6 x sk6pe), n. The configuration of the planets at the time of one's birth. Hor-rent (h&r'rSnt), a. Horrible, dreadful. Hor-ri-ble (h6r / re v bl), a. Dread- ful, terrible, shocking, hideous, awful, frightful. *Hor-ri-ble-ness (h&rWbl-ne'rO, n. Dreadfulness, hideousness. Hor-ri-bly (h6r're x ble), ad. Hid- eously, dreadfully. Hor-rid (h6r'rid), a. Dreadful, hideous; exciting horror; fear- ful. [124-4.] Hor-rid-ly (h6r / rld N le), ad. Shock- ingly, dreadfully. Hor-ri-fy (h&r'reYl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, horrifies.] To strike with horror. Hor'riVi-ed, p. prf. Hor-rif-ic (h6r-rif'ik), a. Caus- ing horror. *Hor-ror (h6r'rur), n. Terror mixed with detestation ; gloom ; a shuddering fear. [60-25.] H6rse, n. A quadruped used in war, in draught, and carriage; cavalry ; a frame for support : — v. t., to mount upon a horse ; to carry one on the back. *Hor'sing, p. prs. Horse-back (hdrse'bak), n. The state of being on a horse. *Horse-break-er (h5rse'brake- ^ur), n. One who tames horses. Horse-cloth (hdrse'kl6M or h6rse'- klaw^), n. A cloth for covering a horse. Horse-fly (hSrse'fli), n. A fly that stings horses. *Horse'flies, n. pi. Horse-hair (h6rse'hare), n. Tho hair of horses. *Horse-Jock-ey (hSrse' j6k-e),n. A dealer in horses. Horse-laugh (hdrse'laf), n. A loud, violent, rude laugh. Horse-leech (h6rse'leetsh), n. A leech that bites horses; a farrier. HOR HOS n3r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, THis. HOU *Horse'leech v es, n. pi. Horse -lit-ter (h6rse'lltHur), n. A carriage hung upon poles, borne by and between horses. Horse-man (h6rse'man), n. One skilled in riding. Horse'men, n. pi. Horse-man-ship (hSrse'man N shlp), n. The art of riding or manag- ing a horse. Horse-play (hdrse'pla), w. Coarse, rough play. Horse-pond (hSrse'p6nd), n. A pond for horses. Horse-pow-er (h6rse'p6u x ur), n. The power of a horse, or its equivalent ; a power which will raise 32,000 pounds avoirdupois one foot high per minute. Horse-race (hdrse'rase), n. A match of horses in running. *Horse-rad-ish (hdrse'radlsh), n. An acrid root. Horse'rad^ish-es, n. pi. *Horse-shoe (h6rse'sh66), n. A circular plate of iron nailed to the foot of a horse: — «., bent like a horseshoe. *HoRSE-SHOE-iNG(hSrse'sh661ng), n. The act or art of making or putting on a horseshoe. Horse-thief (hdrse'^eef ), n. One who steals horses. Horse'thieves, 7l.pl. Horse-way (hdrse'wa), n. A way by which horses may travel. *Horse-whip (hdrse'hwlp), n. A whip for driving horse : — v, t., to strike with a horsewhip. Horse'whip x ping, p. prs. Horse'whip-ped, p.prf. Hor-ta-tion (hdr-ta'shun), n. The act of exhorting; advice. *Hor-ta-tor-y (hdr / taHur-re), a. Encouraging, animating. Hor-ti-cul-tu-ral ('h6r-t£-kul'- tslnVral), a. Belonging to hor- ticulture. HoR-Ti-cuL-TURE(h6r r te x kul-tshur) n. The art of cultivating gardens. *HoR-Ti-cuL-TU-RiST( x h6r-te-kur'- tshuVlst), n. One skilled in horticulture. *Hor-tus-Sic-cus (hdr'tus-slk'- kus), n. A collection of speci- mens of plants dried for preser- vation ; a herbarium. *Ho-san-na (hd-zan'na), n. An exclamation of praise to God. Hose (h6ze), n. sin. and pi. Cover- ing for the legs, stockings ; a flexible pipe for conveying water. Ho-sier (ho'zhur), n. One who sells stockings. *Ho-sier-y (h6'zhur N 6), n. Stock- ings, &c. Hos-pice (h6s'p!s), n. A convent for lodging travellers. Hos-pi-ta-ble (h6s'pe N ta-bl), a. Giving entertainment to stran- gers without reward ; kind. •*Hos-pi-TA-BLY(h6s'pe x ta-ble),ac?. "With kindness to strangers. Hos-pi-tal (hfts'pe'tal or ds'peHal), n. A place built for the recep- tion of the sick or insane. *Hos-pi-tal-i-ty ( x h6s-pe-tal'le- N te), n. The practice of enter- taining strangers without reward. [18-35.] [272-6.] [ments. v Hos-pi-tal'i n ties, n.pl. Entertain- H6st, n. A landlord; one who entertains another ,• an army; a great number; the consecrated wafer. [144-38.]t *Hos-tage (hos'tije), n. One given in pledge for the security of performance of conditions. Host-ess (hdst'&s), 7i. A landlady. *Host'ess x es, n. pi. Hos-tile (h6s'til), a. Adverse; opposite ; suitable to an enemy. Hos-til-i-ty (h6s-tll'le x te),n. Open war; opposition in war; private enmity; animosity. *Hos-tii/i v ties, n. pi. *Host-ler (6s'lur, h6s'lur, or 6st'- lur), n. One who has the care of horses at an inn : — sometimes written ostler. H6t, a. [hotter — hottest.] Hav- ing power to excite heat; fiery; ardent, eager ; acrid ; biting. Hot-bed (hoVbM), n. A bed of manure and earth, covered with glass, for raising early plants. Hot-brain-ed (h&t'brand), a. Vio- lent, vehement, furious. Hotch-pot. ) a HOTCH-POTCH. } See HODGEPODGE. Hot-cock-les (h6t'k6k x klz), n. pi, A child's play. Ho-tel (hb-t&Y), n. A genteel inn ; a public house. Hot-head-ed (h&t'hMMM), a. Vehement, passionate. Hot-house (h6t'hMse), n. A house in which tender plants are raised and fruits matured early. Hot-ly (h6t'le), ad. With heat; violently; eagerly. Hot-press (h6t / pres), v. t. [prs. t. 3, hotpresses.] To press be- tween hot plates. H6t'spur, n. A violent man. *Hough (h6k), n. The lower part of the thigh: — v. t., to hockle; to hamstring. HdtJND, n. A dog used in the chase. Hour (6ur), n. The twenty-fourth part of a day ; sixty minutes ; a particular time. Hour-G-lass (6ur'glas), n. A glass filled with sand, used to measure time. ^Hour'-Glass^es, n.pl. *Hour-hand (dur'hand), n. The hand of a clock or watch which marks the hour. Hour-i (h6ur'e), n. A nymph of Paradise. Hour-ly (dur'le), a. Happening or done every hour : — ad., every hour. H6use, n. A place of human abode; family of ancestors; race; one branch of the legislature ; a church. House (h6uze), v. t. To harbor; to shelter ; to keep under a roof. 2±7 HOV HUG Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, in6ve, HUM Hous-ES (h6u.z'iz),n. pLamdprs. t. 3. *Hous-ing (h6iiz'lng) p. prs. : — n., cloth added to saddles as orna- ment; shelter. House-break-er (h6use'brake x ur), n. One who makes his way into a house to steal. *House-break-ing (hMse'brake- s \ng), n. Burglary; a breaking into a house. House-hold (h6use'h61d), n. A family; domestic management: — a., domestic. House-hold-er (hMse'h.61d v iir), n. One who keeps house. House-keep-er (h6use'keep r ur), n. The master of a family ; a female superintendent. Ho use-keep-in g (hMse'keep'lng), a. Useful to a family : — n., the management of a house. *House-less (hMze'les), a. With- out abode ; wanting a house. House-maid (hduse'inade), n. A maid-servant. House-room (h5use , r66m), n. Place in a house. House-warm-ing (house' warm- ing), a. A feast upon going into a new house. House-wife (huz'wlf or hS&se'- wlfe), n. The mistress of a family ; a female economist. ^House-wives (huz'wlvz or hoiise'- wlves), n. pi. ^•House-wife-ry (huz'wlf v re or house' wlfeVe), n. Management; female economy. H6ve, p8t. t. of heave. Hov-el (h&v'll), n. A shed; a mean cottage : — v. t., to put in a hovel. Hov'el n ing, *Hov'el v ling, Hov'el-ed, ^Hov'ell-ed, Ho'ven, p. prf. of HEAVE. Hov-er (huv'ur or hSv'ur), v. i. To hang fluttering overhead ; to wander about a place. [167-12.] 248 prs. I* J p. prf. How (h6u), ad. In what manner, to what degree; for what reason; why ; by what means. *How-be-it (h6u-be'lt), ad. Nev- ertheless; yet. How-ev-er (h6ii-eVur), ad. In whatever manner ; at all events ; at least; nevertheless, yet. How-itz (h6d'ltz), I *How-it-zer (hau'It'zur), j n ' A kind of cannon or mortar. Howl (hdui), v. i. To cry as a wolf or dog; to make a long, mournful cry : — n. y the cry of a wolf or dog. *How-so-ev-er ( v h6u-s6-eVur), ad. In whatsoever manner; although. Hoy (h6e), n. A small vessel. Hub, n. The nave of a wheel; a mark to be thrown at. *Hub'bub, n. A tumult ; a riot. *Huc-kle-ber-ry (huk'krber-re), n. Whortleberry. Huc'kle n ber-ries, n. pi. *Huck-ster (huk'stur), n. A re- tailer ; a pedler : — v. i., to deal in petty bargains. Hud-dle (hud'dl), v. t. To press up close ; to perform in a hurry ; to throw together in confusion [96-2] : — v. i., to come in a crowd or hurry : — n., crowd, tumult. Hud'dling, p. prs. *Hue (bit), n. Color; clamor; a great noise. Huff, n. Swell of sudden anger : — v. t., to swell ; to hector ; to treat with insolence: — v. %., to bluster. Huff-ish (huf'ish), a. Arro- gant, insolent. *Huff-ish-ness (huflsh v nes), n. Arrogance, petulance. Huff-y (huf'e), a. Huffish. Hug, v. t. To press close in an embrace ; to hold fast : — »., a close embrace. *Hug'ging, p. prs. Hug'ged (hugd), p. prf. Huge (huje), a. Vast, enormous, bulky, immense. HuGE-LY(huje'le), ad. Immensely. Huge-ness (huje'n^s), n. Enor- mous bulk ; vast extent. Hulk, n. The body of an old ship. Hull, n. A husk or integument; the body of a ship : — v. t., to peel; to pierce the hull. Hum, v. t. To make the noise of bees ; to sing low : — n., the noise of bees ; a low, dull noise : — in., a sound implying doubt. Hum'ming, p. prs. *Hum-med (humd), p. prf. Hu'man, a. Having the qualities of a man ; belonging to mankind. Hu-mane (hu-mane'), a. Kind, benevolent, good-natured, mer- ciful. [383-24.] Hu-mane-ly (hu-mane'le), ad. Kindly, with good nature. *Hu-man-i-ty (hu-man'e'te), n. The nature of man ; kindness ; tenderness. [148-30.] *Hu-man-ize (hu'manlze), v. t. To soften; to make human; to civilize. Hu'man x i-zing, p. prs. Hu-man-kind ( x hu-man-klnd'), n. The race of man. *"Hu-MAN-LY(hu'man > le), ad. After the notions of men. Hum-ble (um'bl or hum'bl), a. Not proud; modest; low: — v. t., to make submissive ; to subdue ; to bring down; to make contrite; to humiliate. Hum'bling, p. prs. Hum-ble-bee (um'brbee or hum'- bPbee), n. A large bee : — often spelled bumblebee. *HuM-BLE-NESS(uin / bl v ne : sorhum'- bl N n£s), n. Humility, absence of pride. Hum-bly (um'ble or hum'ble), ad. With humility; without pride. --Hum-bug (hum'bug), n. An im- position, a hoax : — v. t., to im- pose upon ; to hoax. HUN n6r, n6t- HUR -tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. HUS *Hum-drum (hum'drutn), a. Dull, stupid, wearisome. *Hu-me-ral (hu'meVal), a. Be- longing to the shoulder. Hu'mId, a. Wet, moist, watery. *Hu-mid-i-ty (hu-nild'eHe), n. Moisture, dampness. *Hu-mil-i-ate (hu-mll'e N ate), v. t. To make humble ; to depress. Hu-mil'i n a-ting, p. prs. *Hu-mil-i-a-tion (hu^mll-e-a'- shun), n. Descent from great- ness ; abasement. *Hu-mil-i-ty (hu-mil'leHe), n. Freedom from pride ; quality of being humble. Hum-miNg-Bird (hum'mlng v bi\rd) n. A very small bird. Hum-mock (hum'muk), n. A mass of ice ; a rounded hillock : — often written hommock. Hu-mor (yu'mur or hu'mur), n. Moisture ; the fluids of an ani- mal body ; general turn of mind ; present disposition; merriment; petulance, temper; caprice, whim [188-26]:— v. t., to gratify; to comply with. *Hu-mor-al (yu'muVal or hu'- mur'al), a. Relating to humors. Hu-mor-ist (yu'mur^ist or hu'mur- v lst), n. One who gratifies his own humor ; a wag. *Hu-mor-ous (yu'muVus or hu'- mur'us), a. Full of grotesque images, capricious ; j ocular, witty. Hc-mor-ous-ly (yu'mur'us-le or hu'mur^us-le), ad. Merrily, wit- tily, jocosely. Hu-mor-ous-ness (yu'muVus-nes or hu'mur x us-nes), n. Fickle- ness, capricious levity. *Hu-mor-some (yu'mur x sum or hu'mur^suin), a. Peevish; ca- pricious; jocular. Hump, 71. A swelling ; a protuber- ance, as on the back. Hump-back (hump'bak), ) Hunch-back (hunsh'bak), J n ' Crooked back; high shoulders. *Hunch (hunsh), v. t. To jostle with the elbows : — ?»., a push ; a hump ; a bunch. Hunch'es, n. pi. and pr 8. t. 3. Hun-dred (hun'dred), a. Consist- ing of ten multiplied by ten : — n., a number expressed by a unit in the third place of any numer- ating period; 100 ; a district. *Hun-dredth (hun'drM^), a. The ordinal of one hundred. *Hun-dred-Weight (hun'dred- Vate), n. A weight of 100 or 112 pounds avoirdupois : — rep- resented by cwt. Hung, pst. t. and p. prf. of hang. Hun-ger (hung'gur), n. Desire of food ; any violent desire :■ v. i., to feel the pain of hunger; to desire eagerly ; to crave food. Hun-ger-ed (hung'gurd), a. Fam- ished; hungry. Hun-gri-ly (hung r gre x le), ad. With keen appetite. Hun-gry (hung'gre), a. Feeling pain from want of food ; famish- ing, greedy. Hunks (hungks), n. sing, or pi. A covetous wretch. Hunt, v. t. To chase ; to pursue ; to search for: — v. i. f to follow the chase : — n., a pack of hounds; a chase ; pursuit. Hunt-er (hunt'ur), n. One who hunts. HuNT-iNG-HoRN(huntlng N h5rn),w. A horn used to cheer hounds. Hunt-ress (hunt're's), n. A woman who hunts. *Hunt'ress n es, n. pi. Hunts-man (hunts'man), n. A person who manages the chase. Hunts'men, n. pi. Hur-dle (hur'dl), n. A texture of sticks woven together ; a crate ; a kind of sledge. *HuRD-Y-GuRD-Y(hurd / e v gurd-e), n. A stringed-instrument of music. HurdV-Gurd-ies, n. pi. Hurl, v. t. To throw with vio- lence : — n., act of throwing with force ; a tumult. Hurl-ing (hurling), 1 n. A game *Hur-ley (hur'le), j of propel- ling a ball by a stick bent at one end. [98-26.] *Hur-ly-Bur-ly (hur'le v bur-le), n. Tumult, commotion, bustle. Hur-ra | (hur-ra/), in. A shout *Hur-rah j of joy or triumph. *Hur-ri-cane (hiir're N kane), n. A violent storm of wind, a tempest. Hur-ry (hur're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, hurries.] To hasten; to drive with speed : — v. i. y to move with precipitation : — »., tumult, pre- cipitation, bustle. *Hur'ri-ed, p. prf. Hurt, v. t. [hurt — hurt.] To harm ; to wound ; to pain : — n., harm, mischief; injury; wound or bruise. Hurt-ful (hurtful), a. Mischiev- ous, pernicious, destructive. Hurt-ful-ly (hurt'fulMe), ad. Mischievously, perniciously. *Hurt-ful-ness (hurt'f&rne's), n. Harm, perniciousness. *Hur-tle (hur'tl), v. i. To clash : — v. t., to push with violence. Hurt'ling, p. prs. Hurt'less, a. Harmless. Hus-band (huz'bund), n. A man married to a woman : — v. t., to manage with frugality; to culti- vate. [225.] *Hus-band-man (huz'bund^ruan), 7i. A farmer. Hus'band x men, n. pi. Hus-band-ry (huz'biindVe), n. Tillage, thrift, care of domestic affairs; frugality. Hush, v. t. [p)*s. t. 3, hushes.] To still; to silence : — v. ?'., to be- come still; to become silent: — a., silent, still, quiet : — in., si- lence! be still! no noise! ^Hush-mon-ey (hush'muVne), n. A bribe to withhold information. 249 L HYD F^te, far, fall, f4t- HYD -me, m£t — pine, pin — no, move, HYP Husk, w. The covering of some kinds of fruit: — v. t., to strip off the husks. *Husk-i-ness (husk A e v nes), n Dryness; state of being husky. Husk-y (hiisk'e), a. [huskier — huskiest.] Abounding in husks; coarse in sound. *Hus-sar (huz-zar'), n. A kind of horse-soldier. Hus-sy (huz'ze), n. A sorry or worthless woman. *Hus'sies, n. pi. Hus-tings (hus'tingz), n. A tern porary stand for speakers; i court. Hus-tle (hus'sl), v, t. To shake together. *Hus'tling, p. prs. Hut, n, A poor cottage; a mean abode: — v. t., to lodge in huts. Hutch (hutsh), n. A corn-chest; a trap for taking rats, &g. Hutch'es, n. pi. *Huz-za (huz-za' or huz-za'), in. or n. A shout; a cry of ac- clamation : — v. i., to utter ac- clamation : — v. t., to receive with acclamation. Hy-a-cinth (hl'a\dn^), n. A plant; a kind of precious stone. *Hy-a-cin-thine ( v hl-a-sln'*Mn), a. Made of hyacinths. Hy-brid (hl'brld or hib'rid), w. A mongrel : — a., formed of differ- ent species. *Hy-dra (hl'dra), n, A monster with many heads. *Hy-drant (hlMrant), n. A pipe for discharging water. Hy-drate (hl'drate), n. In Chem- istry, a compound of a metallic oxyd and water. Hy-drau-lic (hl-draw'lik), Hy-drau-li-cal (hl-draw'le^kal), a. Relating to the conveyance of water through pipes. [57-29.] ^HY-DRAu-LicsChl-draw'liks),^. The science of the force and mo- tion of fluids. 250 *Hy-dro-ceph-a-lous ( x hl-dr6 seTaHus), n. Dropsy in the head. *Hy-dro-dy-nam-ics fhl-dri-dl- nain'iks), n. pi. A science which includes hydraulics and hydro- statics. *Hy-dro-gen (hl'drc^jen), n. A gas, one of the elements of water, and the lightest known form of matter. *Hy-drog-en-ous (hl-dr6j'eVus), a. Pertaining to, or containing, hydrogen. Hy-drog-ra-pher (hl-dr6g'gra- N fur), ft. One versed in hydrog- raphy. *Hy-drog-ra-phy (hl-dr6g'gra- ^fe), ft. A description of the watery part of the world by means of charts. Hy-drol-o-gy (hl-dr6Wje), n. The science or knowledge of water, its properties, laws, &c. *Hy-dro-mel (hi'drd^mel), n. Honey and water. !: Hy-drom-e-ter (hl-drSm'e'tur), ft. An instrument to measure the density, gravity, &c. of fluids. Hy-drom-e-try (hl-dr6m'e x tre), n. The art of measuring the density of liquids. Hy-drop-a-thy (hl-dr&p'aW), ft. The method of curing dis eases by means of water. Hy-dro-path-ic ( v hl-dr6-pa*A'ik), a. Relating to hydropathy. Hy-drop-a-thist (hi-dr6p'4^Mst), ft. A water-cure physician; a believer in hydropathy. Hy-dro-pho-bi-a ( v hl-dr6-f6'be- x a), n. Dread of water ; canine madness. '-HY-DRO-STAT-I-CAL( > hl-dr6-stat / - e x kal), a. Relating to hydro- statics. HY-DR0-STAT-ics( N hl-dr6-stat'iks), ft. pi. The science which treats of the properties of fluids at rest. *Hy-drous (hl'drus), a. Watery; containing water. *Hy-e-mal (hl-e'inal), a. Per- taining to winter. *Hy-e-na (hi-e'na), ft. An animal like a wolf. *Hy-ge-ian (hl-je'an), a. Rela- ting to health. Hy-gi-ene (hl-jeen' or hl'je^ene), ft. That part of the science of medicine which treats of the preservation of health. Hy-grom-e-ter (hl-gr6m'e x tdr), n. An instrument for measuring the moisture of the air. *Hy-men (hi'men), ft. The god of marriage. Hy-me-ne-al (Hil-me-ne'al), ) *HY-ME-NE-AN( x hl-me-ne'an), J n ' A marriage-song: — a., pertain- ing to marriage. Hymn (him), n. A divine song; a song of adoration to a superior being : — v. t., to praise in song ; to worship with hymns.f *Hym-nic (him'nik), a. Relating to hymns. Hy-per-ba-ton (M-peVba'tun), ». Transposition of words. *Hy-per-bo-la (hl-per'b6 v la), ft. A section of a cone : — see cone. *Hy-per-bo-le (hl-peVb6 r le), n. In Rhetoric, a figure which rep- resents things to be greater or less than they are ; exaggeration. Hy-per-bol-ic ( x hl-pe>-b6Tik), a. Hyperbolical. Hy-per-bol-i-cal ( x hi-per-bol'e- N kal), a. Exaggerating or ex- tenuating. *Hy-per-bo-re-an fhl-per-b6're- x an), a. Northern. Hy-per-crit-ic (M-per-kritlk), n. A critic exact beyond reason. Hy-per-crit-i-cal ( x hl-per-krit'- e^kal), a. Critical beyond use. ' Hy-per-crit-i-cism ( x hl-per-krit r - e x sizm), n. Captious criticism. *Hy-phen (hi'fen), «. The mark [ - ] used to separate syllables, or to connect the parts of a com- pound word. HYP n5r, nSt- _YP -tube, tub, bull— 611— podnd- HYS -thin, this. Hyp-o-chon-dri-a ( v hip-6-k6n'- dre N a), n. A disease accompanied by low spirits ; melancholy ; va- pors ; dejection. *Hyp-o-chon-dri-ac ( r hlp-6-k6n'- dre'ak), n. One affected with mel- ancholy : — a., hypochondriacal. *Hyp-o-chon-dri-a-cal ( v hip-6- k6n-drl'a v kl), a. Melancholy ; affected with hypochondria. *Hy-poc-ri-sy (he-p6k're r se), n. Dissimulation ; concealment of motives. [220-16.] *Hyp-o-crite (hip'o^krlt), n. A dissembler in religion or moral- ity. [194-6.] Hyp-o-crit-ic ( N hip-6-krltlk), a. Hypocritical. Hyp-o-crit-i-cal ( v h!p-6-krit'e- N kal), a. Dissembling; insincere. *Hyp-o-crit-i-cal-ly ( x hip-6- krit'e^kal-le), ad. Without sin- cerity. Hy-pot-e-nuse (hl-p6t'e x nuse), *HY-POTH-E-xusE(hl-p6f/i / e x nuse), n. The longest side of a right- angled triangle. Hy-poth-e-cate (hl-p6fA'e x kate), v. t. To pledge ; to pawn. Hy-pothVca-ting, p. prs. *Hy-poth-e-ca-tion (hl x p6f^-e- ka'shun), n. Act of pawning or pledging as security for debt. *Hy-poth-e-sis (hl-p6^/e x sls), n. A supposition ; a system formed upon a principle not proved. *Hy-poth-e-ses (hl-p6^'e v seez), n. pi. Hy-po-thet-i-cal fhl-p6-^et'e- x kal), a. Including a supposi- tion ; conditional ; taken for granted. *Hy-po-thet-i-cal-ly ( x hi-p6- tfAet'e^kal-le), ad. Upon suppo- sition ; conditionally. *Hy-son (hl'sun), n. A species of tea. *Hys-sop (hl'zup or hiz'zup), n. A plant. Hys-ter-ic (his-teVik), ) Hys-ter-i-cal (hls-teVe^kal), J a ' Troubled with fits. *Hys-ter-ics (hls-teViks), n. pi. A convulsive disease. IAM 1(1), n. The name of the ninth letter and the third vowel is written I, and the plural Ies. As a numeral, being similar in form to the human finger, it was made to represent 1. When placed to the right it adds a unit to any Roman numeral, but subtracts a unit from V and X when placed to the left of them. I. e. stand for id est (that is). I was formerly used where J is now employed ; and, in sacred or classical in- scriptions, it is still preferred: thus, I.H.S. are the initials of Jesus hominum Salvator (Jesus the Savior of men), and I.N.R.I. of Jesus Nazarenns Rex Judseo- rum (Jesus of Nazareth, King of the Jews). In Chemistry, I. represents Iodine. I (1), pro. [sing. nom. I; pi. WE : p>08s. mine, (my) ; ours, (our) : obj. me; us.] Myself; the speaker. See we. I-am-bic (1-am'bik), a. Relating to an iambus ; composed of iam- buses : — n. } an iambus. ICH I-am-btc (1-am'blk), \ n. A poet- I-am-bus (1-am'bus), J ical foot of two syllables, the first short, and the second long. I-am'bics, "J *I-am'bi, > n. pi. *I-am'bus x es, J I-bex (i r b6ks), n. A species of wild goat. I'bex v es, n. pi. I-bis (i'bls), n. An Egyptian bird. I'bis x es, n. pi. Ice (Ise), n. Frozen fluid; con- creted sugar: — v. t., to cover with, or turn to, ice; to cover with concreted sugar; to chill. I'cing, p. prs. [tain of ice. *Ice-berg (Ise'berg), n. A moun- Ice-blink (Ise'bllngk), n. A brightness caused by the reflec- tion of light from ice. Ice-cream (Ise'kre^m), n. Cream flavored and frozen. Ice-house (Ise'hMse), n. A house in which ice is deposited. Ice'hous^es, ». pi. *Ich-neu-mon (ik-nu'm&n), n. A small animal. IDE Ich-nog-ra-phy (lk-n6g'raYe), n. A ground-plot. *I-chor (I'kflr), n. A thin, watery humor. *I-chor-ous (l'k5r N us), a. Thin, undigested, like ichor. *ICH-THY-OL-0-G:Y( > lk-^e-&lWje), n. Natural history of fishes. *I-ci-cle (1'slkMri), n. A pendent, spire-like piece of ice. *I-ci-ness (l'se x nes), n. State of being icy. I-con-o-clasm (l-kSn'6 N klazm), n. The breaking of images. I-con-o-clast (l-k6n / 6 v klast), n. A breaker of images. I-con-og-ra-phy ( 1 i-k6n-&g / ra x fe), n. A description of images, pic- tures, &c. *I-co-sa-he-dron (H-k6-sa-he r - dr6n), n. A solid figure con- tained within twenty triangular faces. *Ic-ter-ic (Ik-ter'lk), a. Afflicted with the jaundice. I-cy (1'se), a. Full of ice, cold. I-de-a (1-de'a), n. Mental imagi- nation,thought ; notion. [221-16.] 251 IDI IGN Fate, far, fill, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, move, ILL I-de-al (i-de'al), a. Mental; in tellectual ; visionary ; unreal. I-de-al-ism (i-de'al v izm), n. The doctrine that all things exist in the mind. I-de-al-i-ty (H-de-arieHe), n. The faculty of idealizing. I-DE-AL-izE (l-de'arize), v. i. To imagine ; to form ideas. I-de'alVzing, p. prs. *I-de-al-ly (l-de'aHe), ad. In- tellectually, mentally, in idea. I-den-ti-cal (i-denWkal), a. Same, not different. I-den-ti-cal-ly (l-deVte^kal-le), ad. With sameness. I-den-ti-fi-ca-tion (i x den-te-fe- ka'shun), n. The act of iden- tifying. I-den-ti-fy (l-den'te r fl), v. t. [pre. t. 3, IDENTIFIES.] To make the same; to prove the same.f *I-den'tiVi-ed, p. prf. I-den-ti-ty (1-deVteHe), n. Same- ness. f *Id-e-o-graph-ic (ld-e-6-graf- ik), a. Representing ideas. *Ides (idz), n. pi. In the ancient Roman calendar, the 15th day of March, May, July, and Octo- ber, and the 13th of every other month. *Id-i-oc-ra-sy ( v id-e-6k'r^se), n. Peculiarity of constitution. *Id-i-o-cy (id'eV>-se), n. Want of understanding. *Id-i-om (id'e x um), n. A mode of construction or expression pecu- liar to a language. [237-27.] *Id-i-o-mat-ic ( x id-e-6-mat'ik), a. Peculiar to a language. [236-7.] *Id-i-o-path-ic (ld-e-6-pa^'ik), a. Indicating a primary dis- ease : — opposed to symptomatic. *Id-i-o-syn-cra-sy ( x ld-e-6-sln'- kra x s&), n. A peculiar tempera- ment or disposition. Id-i-ot (id'e'ut), n. A fool; an imbecile ; a changeling. 252 *Id-i-ot-ic (ld-e-6tlk), a. Like an idiot. Id-i-ot-ism (id'e^ut-lzm), n. Pecu- liarity of expression; natural imbecility of mind; idiocy. "*I-dle (i'dl), a. Lazy, averse to labor; not busy: — v. i., to lose time in laziness and inactivity. I'dling, p. prs. *I-dler (1'dlur), n. A lounger; a lazy person. *I-dle-ness (l'dl v nes), n. Lazi- ness,sloth,sluggishness,inaction. I-dly (1'dle), ad. Lazily ; carelessly. *I-dol (IMul), n. An image wor- shipped as God; one loved to adoration. I-dol-a-ter (l-d&l'l&Hur), n. One who pays divine honor to images. I-dol-a-trize (l-d61 / la v trize), v. i. To worship idols. I-dol'a x tri-zing, p. prs. " I-dol-a-trous (i-dol'laHrus), a. Tending to idolatry. I-dol-a-trous-ly (l-d61'laHrus- le), ad. In an idolatrous manner. I-dol-a-try (l-d&l'la x tre), n. The worship of images or idols.f *I-dol'a-tries, 1l.pl. I-dol-ize (i'durize), v. t. To love or reverence to adoration. *I-dol'i x zing, p. prs. *I-dyl (i'dll), n. A pastoral poem. If (if), con. c. Suppose that, allow that; grant, (cor. c. — then.) Ig-ne-ous (lg , ne x us), a. Fiery; containing fire. Ig-nes-cent (ig-nes'sent), a. Emitting sparks. Ig-nip-o-tent (lg-nlp'6^tent), a. Presiding over fire. Ig-nis-Fat-u-us (Ig-nls-fatsh'u- x us), n. A light often seen at night over marshy places : Will with-a-wisp, Jack-a-lantern; a delusion. Ig'nes-Fat'u x i, n. pi. Ig-nite (lg-nlte'), v. t. To set on fire ; to kindle. Ig-ni'ting, p. prs. Ig-ni-tion (Ig-nisr/un), n. The act of setting on fire. *Ig-ni-ti-ble (ig-nl'te x bl), a. In- flammable; capable of being ignited. -Ig-no-ble (ig-n6'bl), a. Mean of birth ; worthless, base. [238.] Ig-no-ble-ness (Ig-no'bPne's), n. State of being ignoble. Ig-no-bly (lg-n6'ble), ad, Igno- miniously, meanly, basely. Ig-no-min-ious ( x ig-n6-min'yus or Ig-ni-min'^us), a. Mean, re- proachful. [256-6.] *Ig-no-min-ious-ly (lg-n6-m!n'- yus x le),ad. Meanly, disgracefully. *Ig-no-min-y (lgpn6 x min-e), w. Disgrace, shame, infamy. Ig-no-ra-mus (lg-n6-ra r mus), n. An ignorant, foolish fellow. n Ig-no-ra'mus n es, n. pi. Ig-no-rance (ig / n6Vanse), n. Want of knowledge, unskilfulness. Ig-no-rant (ig'n6 N rant), a. Want- ing knowledge; unlearned: — «., one untaught. Ig-no-rant-ly (ig'n6-rant x le), ad. Without knowledge, unskilfully. Ig-nore (lg-n6re'), v. t. To declare ignorance of; to neglect. Ig-no'ring, p. prs. *Il-i-ac (ll'e x ak), a. Relating to the lower bowels. Ill (il), a. [worse — worst.] Bad in any respect; evil; sick: — »., wickedness; misfortune, misery: — ad., not well ; not rightly ; not easily. Il-lapse (il-laps'), n. A sudden attack; casual coming; a slid- ing in. *Il-la-que-ate (il-la'kwe v ate or il-lak'we v ate), v. t. To entrap ; to insnare. Il-la'quVa-ting, p. prs. Il-la-tion (il-la'shun), ft. Infer- ence, conclusion drawn from premises. Ill-bred (il'br&d), a. Not well bred ; uncivil. ILL IMA n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pound — thin, THis. 1MB Il-le-gal (11-le'gal), a. Contrary to law. [Contrariety to law. Il-le-gal-i-ty (ll-le-gal'le'te), n. *lL-LE-GAL/lTIES, W. pi. *Il-le-gal-ly (il-le'gaPle), ad. In a manner contrary to law. *Il-leg-i-ble (11-lej'e'bl), a. In- capable of being read. Il-leg-i-bly (ll-lej'e'ble), ad. So as not to be read. Il-le-git-i-ma-cy ( x !l-le-jit'e y ma- s£), n. State of being illegiti- mate. Il-le-git-i-mate (11-le-jlt'e'mit), a. Not begotten in wedlock; not genuine; illegal. *Tll-Fa-vor-ed (11-fa'vurd), a. Deformed, ugly. Ill-Fa-vor-ed-ness (11-fa'vurd- v nes), n. Deformity, ugliness. Il-lib-er-al (il-llb'eVal), a. Not generous ; mean ; uncharitable. *Il-lib-er-al-i-ty (irilb-er-al'le- He), n. Parsimony, niggardliness. Il-lib-er-al-ly (11-lib'eVal-le), ad. Disingenuously, meanly. *Il-lic-it (il-lis'lt), a. Unlawful. *Il-lim-it-a-ble (il-lim'it x a-bl), a. Without bounds. *Il-lit-er-a-cy (11-lit'eYa-se), n. Want of learning; deficiency in knowledge. *Il-lit-er-ate (11-lit'eVit), a. Unlettered, unlearned, untaught. Il-lit-er-ate-ness (11-lit'eVit- nes), n. Want of learning. Ill-ness (il'nes), n. Sickness, malady. Ili^-Na-ture (il na'tshtir), n. Ha- bitual malevolence ; bad temper. Ill-Na-tur-ed (11-na'tshurd), a. Habitually malevolent; cross; mischievous ; bad tempered. #Il-log-i-cal (ll-16j'e x kal), a. Con- trary to the rules of logic. *Il-log-i-cal-ly (il-16j'e v kal-16), ad. With a want of logic. Il-lude (il-lude'), v. t. To mock; to deceive. ^Il-lu'ding, p. prs. Il-lume (il-lume'), } , Il-lu-mine (il-lu'mln), j To enlighten ; to supply with light ; to decorate ; to adorn. Il-lu'ming, ) iL-LuWlNG, J P-P^ Il-lu-mi-nate (ll-hVme x nate), v. t. To enlighten ; to supply with light; to adorn with pictures or initial letters of various colors; to illustrate. [78.] [182-25.] *Il-lu'mi x na-ting, p. prs. Il-lu-mi-na-tion (iriu-me-na'- shun), n. The act of supplying with light ; festal light displayed as a token of joy; brightness; splendor ; infusion of intellectual light. [78-8.] iL-LU-Mi-NA-TiVE^-lu'me^na-tlv), a. Having power to give light. Il-lu-sion (il-lu'zhun), n. Decep- tive appearance; false show; error. [143-8.] Il-lu-sive (ll-lii'siv), a. Deceiv- ing by false show, delusive. *Il-lu-sor-y (il-hVsurVe), a. De- ceiving, fraudulent, delusive. f Il-lus-trate (il-lus'trate), v. t. To make clear; to explain; to elucidate. Il-lus'tra x ting, p. prs. Il-lus-tra-tion (ll-lus-tra7shun), n. Explanation, elucidation, ex- ample. [32-11.] [243-14.] Il-lus-tra-tive (il-liis'traHiv), a. Tending to illustrate or explain. *Il-ltjs-tra-tor (il'lusHra-tur), n. One who illustrates. Il-ltjs-tri-ous (il-lus'tre x us), a. Conspicuous, noble, eminent. [283-8.] Il-lus-tri-ous-ly (ll-lus'tre x us- 1&), ad. Conspicucusly; with distinction. *Il-lus-tri-ous-ness (U-lus'tre- Nis-ne's), n. Eminence, grandeur. Im-age (im'mlje), n. A statue ; a likeness ; an idol ; an idea [62-2] [245-8] : — v. t., to copy by the fancy; to imagine. [113-29.] 22 -^Im'a^ging, p. prs. *Im-a-ger-y (im'mlper-re or im'- mijVe), n. Sensible representa- tions ; figures in discourse ; pic- tures. [141-3.]f *I-MA-GiN-A-BLE(^-maj'in x a-bl),a. Possible to be conceived. *I-ma-gin-a-ry (e-maj'in^a-re), a. Fancied, visionary, ideal. I-MA-GiN-A-TiON(e'maj-ln-a'shun), n. The faculty of forming ideal pictures ; fancy ; idea ; con- trivance. 1-ma-gin-a-tive (e-maj'in^a-tiv), a. Full of imagination, or pertain- ing to it. I-ma-gine (e-maj'in), v. t. To fancy; to conceive; to plan; to paint in the mind; to contrive. -I-ma'gin^ing, p. prs. Im-bank (lm-bangk'), v. t. To en- close with a bank. Im-bank-ment. See embankment. *Im-bathe (Im-baTHe'), v. t. To bathe all over. Im-ba'thing, p. prs. Im-be-cile (iin'beVil or lm-bes'- sii), a. Feeble in mind or body. *Im-be-cil-i-ty (Im-be-sll'le'te), n. Feebleness of mind or body ; weakness. [271-20.] v Im-be-cilVties, n.pl. Im-bed. See embed. Im-bibe (lm-bibe'), v. t. To drink or draw in ; to admit; to absorb. Im-bi'bing, p. prs. Im-bit-ter (Im-bit'tur), v. t. To make bitter; to exasperate. Im-bod-y. See embody. Im-bor-der (im-b6r'dur), v. t. To terminate; to bound. Im-bo-som (itn-bdd'zum), v. t. To hold in the bosom ; to admit to the heart. Im-bow (lm-b6u'), v. t. To arch ; to vault. Im-bow-er (lin-b6iVur), v. t. To cover with a bower; to shelter with trees ; — often written em- bower. 253 IMM Fate, far, mi, m- -me, met — pine, pin — no, move, IMM *Im-bri-ca-ted (iin'bre^ka-te'd), a. Indented with concavities; laid one on another, as tiles. *Im:-brogl-io (im-br61'yd), n. An intricate complication of affairs. Im-brown (im-brdun'), v. t. To make brown; to darken. Im-brue (im-br66')> v. t. To soak; to steep; to moisten. *Im-bru'ing, p. prs. Im-brttte (im-br66t'), v. t. To degrade to brutality: — v. i., to sink into the state of a brute. Im-bru'ting, p. prs. Im-bue (lm-bu'), v. t. To tincture deeply ; to tinge. [348-7.] *Im-bu'ing, p. prs. Im-burse (lm-burse'), v. t. To stock with money. *Im-bur'sing, p. prs. 2 lM-BfrRSE'MiNT, «. Money laid up in stock ; act of imbursing. Im-i-ta-ble (im'e^ta-bl), a. Pos- sible to be imitated or copied; worthy to be imitated. Im-i-tate (Im'eHate), v. t. To copy in form, quality, or way, of another; to endeavor to resem- ble ; to counterfeit. [123-36.] *Im'i v ta-ting, p. prs. Im-i-ta-tion ( x im-e-ta'shun), n. The act of copying; attempt to resemble ; likeness. [98-35.] [326-12.] *Im-i-ta-tive (Im'eHa-tiv), a. In- clined to copy; aiming at re- semblance. Im-i-ta-tor (im'e N ta-tur), n. One who imitates ; a copyist. *Im-mac-u-late (lm-mak'u N lit), a. Spotless, pure. *Im-ma-nent (Im'maWnt), a. In- herent; internal. lM-MA-TE-Ri-AL(lm-ma-te're x al),a. Incorporeal, distinct from mat- ter; unimportant; inconsider- able; trifling. [180-5.] Im-ma-te-ri-al-ism (lm-ma-te're- y al-lzm), n. The doctrine of spiritual existence. 254 *Im-ma-te-ri-al-ist ( x lm-ma-te'- re x al-ist), n. A believer in im- materialism. *Im-ma-te-ri-al-i-ty fim-maHe- re-al'le^), n. Distinctness from body or matter; state of being immaterial. Im-ma-ture (lm-ma-ture'), a. Not ripe; premature; hasty; early. Im-ma-ture-ly (Im-ma-ture'le), ad. Too soon, unseasonably. Im-ma-ture-ness (Im-ma-ture'- ne's), n. Immaturity. *Im-ma-tu-ri-ty (Im-ma-tu'reHe), n. Unripeness, incompleteness ; want of preparation. Im-meas-u-ra-ble (im-mezh'uYa- bl), a. Not to be measured. *Im-meas-u-ra-bly (Im-mezh'u- Va-ble), ad. Beyond all measure. Im-me-di-ate (im-me'delt), a. In- stant; present with regard to time, undelayed ; with nothing intervening. [112-2.] [223-3.] Im-me-di-ate-ly (im-nie'delt-le), ad. Instantly. *Im-me-di-ate-ness (lm-me'delt- nes), n. State of being immediate. *lM-ME-MO-Ri-AL( v im-me-m6're v al) a. Earlier than tradition ; past the time of memory. [18-39.] Im-mense (iin-inense')> «• Unlim- ited, unbounded, huge in bulk. Im-mense-ly (im-m^nse'le), ad. Infinitely, without measure. *Im-men-si-ty (iin-meVse N te), n. Unbounded greatness, infinity ; vastness in bulk.[35-26] [177-27.] *Im-men-su-ra-bil-i-ty (im x men- shu-ra-bil'le v te), n. Impossibil- ity of being measured. Im-men-su-ra-ble (im-meVshu- Va-bl), a. Not to be measured. Im-merge (im-m^rje'), v. t. To put under water ; to immerse. Im-mer'ging, p. prs. Im-merse (lui-merse / ), v. t. To put under water; to sink; to engage deeply. Im-mer'sing, p. prs. Im-mer-sion (Ini-meYshun), ink The act of immersing, (ap. p.— in.) Im-mesh (Im-meW), v. t. [prs. f. 3, immeshes.] To entangle in meshes. Im-me-thod-i-cal (^Im-me-^&d'e- x kal), a. Confused, without reg- ularity or system ; disorderly. Im-me-thod-i-cal-ly fim-me- ^6d'e'kal-le), ad. Without method. Im-mi-grant (Im'me^grant), n. One who immigrates. *Im-mi-grate (lin 'migrate), v. t. To pass into a country with the intention of dwelling therein. Im'mi x gra-ting, p. prs. lM-Mi-GRA-TioN( x lin-in^-gra'shun), n. The act of immigrating. *Im-mi-nence (lra , me x ne : nsc), n. Impending danger. *Im-mi-nent (Im'rneWnt), a. Im* pending, threatening. [113-23 ] *Im-mis-ci-bil-i-ty (Im-mis-se- bll'l^te), n. Incapacity of being mixed. Im-mis-ci-ble (lm-mls'se r bl), a. Incapable of being mixed. Im-mit (im-mlt'), v. t. To send in ; to inject. *Im-mit'ting, p. prs. Im-mit'ted, p. prf. Im-mix (Im-miks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, immixes.] To mingle ; to mix. *Im-mix-a-ble (Im-miks'a^bl), a. Impossible to be mingled; im- miscible. lM-MO-BiL-i-TY(lm-mo-bil'leHe),7j. Fixedness in place; want of motion. Im-mod-er-ate (lm-m6d'eVlt), a. Excessive,extravagant. [172-12.] *Im-mod-er-ate-ly (lm-m6d'e!- lt-le), ad. In an excessive decree. Im-mod-er-ate-ness (Im-m&d'eV- v lt n&s), n. State of exceeding just bounds. lM-M0D-EST(lm-m6d'e , st),a.Impur< i , unchaste; obscene; indecorous. IMM nor, n6t- IMP -tube, tab, bull— 611— p6und- -th'm, this. IMP Im-mod-est-ly (im-ni&d'esOle), ad. In an immodest manner. Im-mod-est-y (im-mod'est^), n. Want of modesty or reserve. Im-mo-late (im'm6 x late), v. t. To sacrifice; to kill for sacrifice. Im'mo x la-ting, p> prs. Im-mo-la-tion ( x im-m6-la'shun), n. The act of sacrificing ; sacrifice. *Im-mo-la-tor (lm'm6 > la-tur), n. One who sacrifices. Im-mor-al (im-m&r'al), a. Con- trary to honesty; wicked, dis- honest, vicious, depraved. *lM-MO-RAL-i-TY(im-m6-ral'leHe), n. Dishonesty, want of virtue,vice. Im-mor-tal (im-mdr'tal), a. Ex- empt from death ; imperishable. Im-mor-tal-i-ty ( x im-m6r-tal'le- He), n. Exemption from death ; immortal existence ; perpetuity. [30-24.] [342-13.] lM-MOR-TAL-I-ZA-TION(im^m5r-tal- &-za'shun), n. The act of im- mortalizing. Im-mor-tal-ize (lm-mdr'tarize), v. t. To make immortal; to exempt from death. Im-mor'talVzing, p. prs. Im-mor-tal-ly (im-mor't&Pl&), ad. With exemption from death; without end. *Im-mov-a-bil-i-ty (lm N moSv-a- bll'16'te), n. Steadfastness. Im-mov-a-ble (lm-m66v , a v bl), a. Incapable of being moved ; firm. *Im-mov-a-ble-ness (lin-moSv'a- v bl-nes), n. State of being im- movable. Im-mov-a-bly (im-mSSv'a^ble), ad. In a state not to be shaken; with firmness. Im-mu-ni-ty (im-mu'neH&), n. Ex- emption from duty, tax, or obli- gation; privilege. *Im-mu' nifties, n. pi. Im-mure (lui-mure'), v. t To en- close within walls; to confine closely. [249-1.] *Im-mu'ring, p. prs. Im-mu-ta-bil-i-ty (im^mu-ta-biP- le x te), n. Invariableness, ex- emption from change. *Im-mu-ta-ble (im-muWbl), a. Unchangeable, invariable. f Im-mu-ta-ble-ness (Im-muWbl- ne's), n. Unchangeableness. Im-mu-ta-bly (im-mu'ta x ble), ad. Unalterably, unchangeably, in- variably. [240-15.] 2 Imp, n. A son ; a puny devil : — v. t., to lengthen ; to graft. *Im-pact (im-pakf), v. t. To drive close. Im-pact (Im'pakt), n. Action of one body on another; impression. Im-pair (lin-pare'), v. t. To di- minish ; to injure; to make worse. [257-17.] *Im-pair-ment (mi-pare'ment), n. Diminution ; injury. Im-pale. See empale. *Im-pal-pa-bil-i-ty (lm r pal-pa- bil'leHe), n. State of being im- palpable. Im-pal-pa-ble (Im-pal'pa^bl), a. Not to be perceived by touch. Im-pa-na-tion (lui-pa-na/shun), n. The supposed union of Christ's body with the sacramental bread. Im-pan'el. See empanel. *lM-PAR-A-DiSE(lm-par'a v dise),v.£. To put in a state resembling Paradise ; to make happy. Im-par'a^dis-ing, p. prs. *Im-par-i-ty (im-par'eHe), n. In- equality, disproportion. Im-park (im-park'), v. t. To en- close in, or for, a park. Im-part (Im-parf), v. t. To dis- close: to grant; to reveal; to communicate. [38.] Im-par-tial (im-par'shal), a. Free from bias ; equitable, just. *Im-par-ti-al-i-ty (lni v par-sh&- al'leHe), n. Equity, justice. [100-35.] Im-par-tial-ly (im-par'shaH^), ad. Equitably ; without regard to party or interest. [335-8.] *Im-part-i-ble (im-part'e x bl), a. Communicable; inseparable. Im-part-ment (im-part'ment), n. The act of communicating ; dis- closure. *Im-pas-sa-ble (im-pas'sa^bl), a. Not to be passed ; impenetrable. *Im-pas-si-bil-i-ty (lm v pas-se- bll'l^t^), n. Exemption from passion or suffering. *Im-pas-si-ble (im-pas'se^bl), «. Exempt from pain ; incapable of passion. Im-pas-sion (im-pash'un), v. t. To affect strongly. Im-pas-sion-ate (lm-pash'un v ate), v. t. To impassion. Im-pas'sion\l-ting, p. prs. * Im-pas-sion-ate (im-pash'unlt), a. Strongly affected ; free from feeling or passion. Im-pas-sive (im-pas'siv), a. Not susceptible of suffering. Im-paste (lm-paste'), v. t. To make into a paste ; to knead. Im-past'ing, p. prs. -Im-pa-tience (im-pa'sh^nse), n. Rage under suffering; vehem- ence of temper; eagerness. [317.] Im-pa-tient (Im-pa'shent), a. Not able to endure; ardently desi- rous ; hasty ; furious with pain. (ap.p.— at, for.) [122-25.] [282.] Im-pa-tient-ly (Im-pa'shenOle), ad. Passionately; eagerly. *Im-pawn (im-pawn'), v. t. To pledge ; to pawn. Im-peach (lm-peetsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, impeaches.] To accuse by public authority ; to indict ; to censure. *Im-peach-a-ble (im-peetsh'a^bl), a. Accusable, chargeable. Im-peach-ment (lm-peetsh'm§nt), n. Public accusation; act of impeaching. Im-pearl (lm-perl'), v. t. To dec- orate with pearls. [21S.] Im-pec-ca-bil-i-ty (im v p£k-ka- birie v te), n. Exemption from sin. 255 IMP IMP Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, mdve, IMP *Im-pec-ca-ble (Im-pSk'k^bl), a. Exempt from possibility of sin ; sinless; infallible, perfect. Im-pede (lm-p6de'),-i?.«. To delay; to hinder; to obstruct. [112-16.] *Im-pe'ping, p. prs. *Im-ped-i-ment (im-pe , d'e x me : nt), n. Obstacle, hinderance, ob- struction. [248-26.] Im-pel (Im-pll'), v. t. To drive on; to urge forward, press on; to incite ; to induce. [113-30.] [261-10.] *Im-pel'ling, p. prs. Im-pell'ed, p. prf. *Im-pel-lent (lm-p81'18nt), n. An impulsive power : — a., urging onward. Im-pend (im-pe'nd'), v. i. To be near ; to threaten ; to hang over. [51-14.] [362-4.] *Iii-pend-ence (lni-pSnd'Sns), | Im-pend-en-cy (iui-pe i nd'eVse), j n. A hanging over. Im-pend'en x ces, j , Im-pend'en x cies, J n ' & ' Im-pend-ent (im-pend'e'nt), a. Hanging over ; imminent. *Im-pen-e~tra-bil-i-ty (im x pen- e-tra-bil'le x te), n. The quality of not being penetrable. Im-pen-e-tra-ble (im-pen'eHra- bl), a. Not to be pierced; not to be moved or affected, (ap. p. —by, to.) *Im-pen-e-tra-bly (Im-peVeHra- ble), ad. In an impenetrable manner. #Im-pen-i-tence (im-peVeHense), lM-PEN-i-TEN-CY(im-p^n'e v t§n-se), n. Obduracy ; want of remorse for sin; hardness of heart. Im-pen-i-tent (im-peVeHe'nt), a. Obdurate, of a hard heart: — n., one who does not repent. Im-pen-i-tent-ly (im-peVe^nt- le), ad. Without repentance. #Im-per-a-tive (Im-per'a'tiv), a. Commanding ; expressive of command. 2a6 lM-PER-A-TiVE-LY(im-p§r / a x tiv-le), ad. In a commanding manner. *Im-per-cep-ti-ble (Im-pe'r-se'p'- te x bl), a. Not to be perceived; very small. [178-3.] Im-per-cep-ti-ble-ness (Im-peY s^p'te v bl-n§s), n. The quality of being imperceptible. Im-per-cep-ti-bly (Im-pe'r-s&p'- te x ble), ad. So as not to be per- ceived. Im-per-fect (im-peVfelit), a. Not complete, defective, not entire. Im-per-fec-tion (Im-pe'r-f&k'- shun), n. Defect, failure, fault, blemish. Im-per-fect-ly (im-peVfeWle), ad. Not completely ; not fully. *Im-per-fo-ra-ble (im-peVfoVa- bl),a. Incapable of being pierced. Im-per-for-ate (Im-perWrit), a. Not pierced. Im-pe-ri-al (lm-pe're x al), a. Be- longing to an emperor or mon- arch ; royal, regal. [61-30.] *Im-pe-ri-al-ist (im-pe're x al-ist), n. One who adheres to an emperor. *Im-per-il (Im-peVll), v. U To bring into danger. Im-per'iiAng, I *Im-per'il x ling, J &' P Im-per'il-ed, 1 /. *Im-per'ill-ed, J P' P •*' Im-pe-ri-ous (im-peWus), a. Domineering, haughty. [280-12.] Im-pe-ri-ous-ly (lm-pe're N us-le), ad. In an imperious manner. *Im-pe-ri-ous-ness (im-pe're v us- n£s), n. Authority; arrogance of command. lM-PER-iSH-A-BLE(im-peVish v a-bl) a. Not to be destroyed. *Im-per-ma-nence (im-per'ma- x nense), n. Want of duration. *Im-per-me-a-bil-i-ty (im x p£r- me-a-bil'leHe), n. The quality of being impermeable. Iif-PER-ME-A-BLE(lm-p§r'me x a-bl), a. Not penetrable by fluids. Im-per-son-al (lm-peVsun v al), a. Not varied according to person. *Im-per-son-al-i-ty (im'peY-sun- al'le x te), n. Want of personality. *Im-per-son-al-ly (Im-pSr'sdn- x al-le), ad. Without personality. Im-per-son-ate (lin-per'sun x ate), v. t. To assume the person of another ; to personify. Im-per'son x A-ting, p.2)rs. Im-per-son-a-tion (im N p^r-sun-a'- shun), n. The act of represent- ing things without life as persons. Im-per-spic-u-o us (Im-pe'r-spik'- ii x us), a. Wanting clearness. *Im-per-sua-si-ble flm-pgr-swa/- ze x bl), a. Not to be moved by persuasion. *Im-per-ti-nence (im-peVte- Wnse), n. Irrelevance; intru- sion ; sauciness ; rudeness. Im-per-ti-nen-cy (Im-peVte^ne'n- se), n. Impertinence. lM-PER-Ti-NENT(lm-p^r'te x n§nt),a. Intrusive; meddling; foolish; officious ; irrelevant [223-181 :— n., a meddler ; an intruder. iM-PER-TI-NENT-LY^m-peVteWnt- le), ad. Officiously, intrusively. *lM-PER-TUR-BA-BLE( v im-pe : r-tur'- ba x bl), a. Not to be disturbed. Im-per-tur-ba-tion (im N pe : r-tur- ba'shun), n. Calmness, freedom from agitation. *lM-PER-vi-A-BLE(im-peVve x a-bl), a. Impassable, impermeable. Im-per-vi-ous (im-per've N us), a. Impassable, impenetrable, (ap. p.— to.) Im-per-vi-ous-ly (im-peVve x us- le),ad.Impassably,iinpenetrably. j Im-per-vi-ous-ness (im-peVve- x us-n^s), n. The state of being *lM-PET-u-os-i-TY(im x pe 1 tsh-u-Ss / - e v te), n. Violence : vehemence, fury; rapidity. [72-34.] [291-3.] Im-pet-u-ous (im-petsh'u^us), a. Violent; vehement, passionate, hasty, furious. [183-25.] IMP IMP n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, THis. IMP Im-pet-u-ous-ly (im-petsh'u v us- le), ad. Violently, vehemently. lM-PET-u-ous-NESS(lm-pe 1 tsh / u N us- nes), n. Violence, fury. Im-pe-tus (im'pe x tus), n. Violent effort, force of motion, impulse, f *Im'pe n tus-es, n. pi. *Im-pi-b-ty (im-pl'eHe), n. Irrev- erence to the Supreme Being ; ungodliness, infidelity ; an act of wickedness. Im-pinge (im-plnje'), v. i. To fall or strike against. *Im-pin'ging, p. prs. Im-pi-ous (Im'p^ds), a. Irreverent toward God; irreligious; pro- fane; ungodly. [224-10.] *Im-pi-ous-ly (im'pe x us-le), ad. Profanely, wickedly. Im-pi-ous-ness (im ; pe x us-nes), n. Contempt of G-od ; impiety. lM-PLA-CA-BiL-i-TY(im v pla-ka-bil / - le x t6), n. Determined malice; unappeasable enmity. Im-pla-ca-ble (im-pla'ka x bl), a. Not to be pacified; inexorable. [53-29.] lM-PLA-CA-BLE-NESS(lm-pla'ka N bl- nes), n. Implacability. Im-pla-ca-bly (im-pla'ka N ble), ad. With malice not to be appeased. Im-plant (im-plant')j v. t. To in- sert; to ingraft; to infuse. Im-plant-a-tion (lm-plant-a'- shun), n. The act of implanting. *Im-plead (im-pleed'), v. t. [im- pleaded oriMPLED — IMPLEADED or impled.] To sue at law. Im-ple-ment (im'ple A me , nt), n. A tool ; an instrument of manufac- ture; utensil. [98-36.] *Im-ple-tion (im-ple'shun), n. The act of filling; the state of being full. Im-plex (im'pleks), a. Intricate; of a complicated nature. Im-pli-cate (im'ple x kate), v. t. To include with ; to bring into con- nection with; to entangle. ^Im'pli^ca-ting, p. prs. R lM-PLi-CA-TioN(lm-pl^-ka'shun),n. A tacit inference ; involution ; entanglement. *Im-pli-ca-tive (Im'ple^ka-tlv), a. Tending to implicate. Im-plic-it (Im-plis'sit), a. In- folded ; inferred ; tacitly com- prised ; entirely obedient. -Im-plic-it-ly (lm-plis'sit N le), ad. By inference ; unreservedly. *Im-plic-it-ness (im-plis'slt x nes), n. The state of being implicit. Im-plore (im-plir 7 ), v. t. To call upon in supplication ; to ask; to beg ; to entreat. [147-18.] Im-plor/ing, p. prs. Im-plo-rer (lm-pl6'rur), n. One who implores. Im-plum-ed (lm-plumd'), \ Im-pltj-mous (Im-plu'mus), J °" Having no feathers. Im-ply (im-pli'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, implies.] To infold; to involve or comprise; to include. [251-11.] *lM-PLr / ED, p. prf. *Im-pli-ed-ly (im-pli'ed v le), ad. By implication. Im-poi-son (im-pSe'zn), v. U To poison. *Im-pol-i-cy (lm-pSl'e r se), n. In- expedience. Im-po-lite plm-p6-lite')> «• Rude, unpolished. Im-po-lite-ness (^im-po-lite'nes), n. Want of politeness ; incivility. *Im-pol-i-tic (im-pol'leHik), a. Imprudent, indiscreet, not wise. Im-pon-der-a-bil-i-ty (im x p6n- dur-a-bil'l^te),M. Want of weight. Im-pon-der-a-ble (lm-p6n'dur v a- bl),a.Destitute of sensible weight. *Im-pon-der-ous (im-p6n'dur x us), a. Void of perceptible weight. Im-po-ros-i-ty (im-p6-r6s'se N te), n. Compactness, closeness. Im-po-rous (lin-p6'rus), a. Free from pores, compact. Im-port (im'p6rt), n. Importance tendency; meaning; a thing im- ported. [151-27.] [365-10.1 22* Im-port (lm-p6rf), v. t. To bring into a country from abroad; to infer ; to imply ; to signify. Im-port-a-ble (lm-p6rt'aH>l), a. Capable of being imported. Im-por-tance (im-p6r'tanse), n. Matter ; urgency ; consequence ; moment. [213.] Im-por-tant (lm-p6r ; tant), a. Mo* mentous,weighty,urgent. [289-3.] Im-por-tant-ly (im-p6r'tant x le),. ad. With importance ; forcibly. Im-port-a-tion ( N im-pdrt-a'shrm), n. The act or practice of import- ing; goods imported. Im-port-er (im-p6rt'ur), n. One who imports goods. Im-por-tu-nate (im-p6r'tshu^nlt), a. Incessant in solicitation. Im-por-tu-nate-ly (im-p6r'tshu- x nit-le), ad. With incessant so- licitation. Im-por-tune ( x lm-p6r-tune / ), v. t. To tease; to harass; to solicit earnestly. v Im-por-tu'ning, p. prs. lM-POR-TU-Ni-TY( v im-p6r-tu / n^ > te), n. Incessant solicitation, urgency. *'Im-por-tu 'nifties, n . pi. *Im-pos-A-ble (lm-p6z'a^bl), a. Capable of being imposed. Im-pose (lin-pdze'), v. t. To lay on; to enjoin as a duty; to de- ceive; to delude (ap. p. — on, upon) ; in Printing, to arrange and wedge up the pages of a sheet for the press. [263.] Im-po'sing, p.pr8.: — a., command- ing, impressive : — n., the act of one who imposes. Im-pos-er (lm-p6z / ur), n. One who imposes. Im-pos-ing-ly (Im-poz'ing^le), ad. In an imposing manner. Im-po-si-tion ( v lm-p6-zish'un), n. Something laid on, as a tax, &c; cheat, imposture. Im-pos-si-ble (lm-p6s'se v bl), a. Not to be done; not possible. [149-1.] 257 IMP IMP Fate, far, fall, fat — m£, met — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, IMP Im-pos-si-bil-i-ty (im x p&s-se-biF le x te), n. Impracticability; that which cannot be done. ^ImVos-si-bilV ties, n. pi. *Im-post (Im'pdst), n. A duty on imports. Im-post-hu-mate (Im-pSst'hu- x mate), v. i. To form an abscess. *Im-post'hu v ma-ting, p. prs. Im-post-hume (im-p&st'hume), n. An abscess. *Im-pos-tor (im-p&s'tur), n. One who cheats ; a deceiver. [83-16.] *Im-pos-ture (im-p6s'tshur), n. Cheat, fraud, delusion. Im-po-tence (!m / p6 x t^nse), ) Im-po-ten-cy (Im'pftHen-se), J Want of power,inability,weakness. Im-po-tent (im'p6HSnt), a. Weak, feeble, wanting power. [260-16.] Im-po-tent-ly (im , p6 N t§nt-l^), ad. Without power. Im-pound (im-pdund'), v. t. To enclose as in a pound ; to shut in ; to restrain. *Im-pov-er-ish (Im-p&v'urlsh), v. t. To make poor; to exhaust fertility. Im-poy-er-ish-ment (im-p&v'ur- Ish-inent), n. The state of being reduced to poverty ; exhaustion. Im-prac-ti-ca-bil-i-ty (im^prak- te-ka-bil'le^), n. Impractica- bleness, impossibility. #Im-prac-ti-ca-ble-ness (im- prak'teka-brne's), n. Impossi- bility. lM-PRAc-Ti-cA-BLE(im-prak , te N ka- bl), a. Impossible ; not to be performed; un tractable. [2 5 7-22.] Im-pre-cate (lm'pre v kate), v. t. To invoke or call for evil. *Im'pre v ca-ting, p. prs. Im-pre-ca-tion (lin-pre-ka'shun), n. A curse; a prayer by which evil is invoked ; execration. *Im-pre-ca-tor-y (Im'pre^ka-tur- v re), a. Containing wishes for evil. lM-PRE-cis-iON(lm-pre-slzh'un),n. Want of accuracy. 258 Im-preg-na-ble (im-pr^g'na'bl), a. Not to be stormed; unmoved. Im-preg-nate (im-preg / nate), v. t. To make prolific; to fill; to saturate. Im-p reg 'naming, p. prs. Im-preg-na-tion ( x im-preg-na' shun), n. The act of impregnating. lM-PRESS(im'pre : s), n. Stamp ; act of forcing into service ; mark, device. *Im'press x es, n. pi. Im-press (lm-prey), v. t. [prs. t. 3, impresses.] To print by pressure; to stamp; to force into service; to fix deep; to enforce. [64-8.] Im-press-i-bil-i-ty (Im^pres-se- bil'le x te), n. The state of being impressible. Im-pres-sion (lm-pre : sh'un), n. A mark made by pressure ; image fixed in the mind ; influence ; edition; an imperfect remem- brance. [70-7.] [214-11.] *Im-press-i-ble (im-preyse v bl), a. Capable of being impressed, f Im-press-ive (im-pres'siv), a. Pro- ducing effect or impression. [66-2.] Im-pres-sive-ly (im-preVsiv x le), ad. In an impressive manner. Im-press-ive-ness (im-preVslv- x nes), n. The quality of being impressive. Im-press-ment (Im-preVment), n. The act of forcing men into pub- lic service. Im-pres-sure (lm-pre ! sh'ur), n. The mark made by pressure; dint; impression. *Im-pri-ma-tur flm-pri-ma'tur), n. License to print. Im-print (im-print'), v. t. To mark upon a substance by pressure ; to fix on the mind. [147-24.] Im-print (im'prlnt), n. The desig- nation of the publisher's name, place of business, &o. in the title of a book. Im-pris-on (im-priz'zn), v. t. To shut up; to confine in a prison. lM-PRis-ON-MENT(ina-priz'zn y ine"nt) n. Confinement in prison. lM-PR0B-A-BiL-i-TY(lm x pr6b-a-bil'- le y te), n. Unlikelihood. Im x prob-a-bii/i x ties, n. pi. Im-prob-a-ble (iui-pr&b'aNbl), a. Not likely to be true. Im-prob-a-bly (im-pr&b'a x ble), ad. Without likelihood. Im-prob-i-ty (itn-pr&b'e^te), n. Want of "honesty. *Im-promp-tu (im-pr6mp , tu), n. An extemporaneous composition : — a.,unpremeditated : — ad, with- out study. Im-prop-er (im-pr6p'ur), a. Unfit; not proper; unsuitable. Im-prop-er-ly (iin-pr&p'ur^le), ad. Not fitly ; unsuitably. *Im-pro-pri-ate (im-pr6'pre A ate), v. t. To convert to private use; to put the profits of church prop- erty into the hands of laymen. Im-pro'pri x a-ting, p. prs. Im-pro-pri-e-ty ( v im-pr6-pri'e v te), n. Unfitness; inaccuracy of language. * N lM-PRO-PRrVTIES, n. pi. *Im-prov-a-ble (iiu-pr66v'a'bl), a. Capable of improvement. Im-prov>e (im-pr66v'), v. t. To make better; to make good use of: — v. i.> to grow better; to rise in price. Im-pro'ving, p. prs. lM-PR0VE-MENT(iui-prS6v'me : nt),B. Advancement in excellence, act of improving; melioration. [276-8.] *Im-prov-i-dence (im-pr6v'e- dense), n. Want of forethought. Im-prov-i-dent (im-pr6v / eM4nt), a. Wanting forecast, careless. Im-prov-i-dent-ly (iin-pr6v'e- Ment-le), ad. Without forethought. Im-prov-i sate (im-pr6v'e x sate), I *Im-pro-vise (lin-pro'veez'j, ) v. t. or v. i. To compose or sing extemporaneously. Im-prov^sa-ting, ) : \Lm-pro-vi'sing, J P'P r8 ' IMP nSr, n&t- INA -tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, this. INA Im-prov-i-sa-tion (lm N pr&v-&-sa'- shun), n. The art or act of com- posing extemporaneously. *Im-prov-i-sa-to-re ) (Im'prSv-e- Im-prov-vi-sa-to-re j sa-to're),n. A man who improvises. #Im-prov-i-sa-tri-ce \ (lm x pr6v- Im-prov-yi-sa-tri-ce j e-sa-tre'- tsh a), n. A female who improvises. Im-pro-vise. See improvisate. Im-pru-dence (im-pr66 r dense), n. Want of prudence, indiscretion. Im-pru-dent (im-pr&6'dent), a. In- judicious, indiscreet. [283-17.] Im-pru-dent-ly (im-pr66'dent v le), ad. Injudiciously, indiscreetly. Im-pu-dence (im'puMense), n. Shamelessness, immodesty; sau- ciness. [220-17.] Im-pu-dent (lm'pu x de : nt), a. Want- ing modesty, shameless. Im-pu-dent-ly (im'puMent-le), ad. Shamelessly ; saucily. *Im-pugn (lm-pune'), v. t. To attack; to assault by argument. lM-puG~NA-TiON( v im-pug-na'shun), n. Opposition, resistance. Im-pugn-er (im-pune'iir), ». One who attacks or invades. *Im-pu-is-sance (im-pu'is x sanse or Im-pu-is'sanse), n. Impotence, weakness. Im-pulse (im'pulse), n. Communi- cated force ; influence upon the mind ; impression. [82-18.] [368-7.] Im-pul-sion (irn-pul'shun), n. The act of impelling ; impulse. Im-pul-sive (im-puTslv), a. Hav- ing power to impel; acting by impulse. Im-pul-sive-ly (im-pul'slvHe), ad. By impulse. Jm-pu-ni-ty (im-pu'ne v te), n. Ex- emption from punishment; free- dom from harm. Im-pure (im-pure'), a. Unholy, feculent, foul; unchaste. Im-pure-ly (Im-pure'le), ad. In an impure manner. Im-pure-ness (lm-pure'n^s), | Im-pu-ri-ty (im-pu're N te), J Want of purity; want of chas- tity ; corrupt language. Im-pu'ri x ties, 11. pi. Im-pur-ple (im-pur'pl), v. t. To make purple. Im-pur'pling, p. prs. *Im-ptj-ta-ble (im-pu'taNbl), a. Chargeable, accusable. Im-pu-ta-ble-ness (im-pu'ta^bl- nes), n. The state of being im- putable. Im-ptj-ta-tion ( x im-pu-ta / shun), n. Censure ; reflection. *Im-pu-ta-tive (im-pu'ta'tiv), a. Capable of being imputed. Im-pu-ta-tive-ly (im-pu'ta x tiv- le), ad. By imputation. Im-pute (Im-pute'), v. t. To charge upon ; to attribute. [283.] Im-pu'ting, p. prs. *Im-pu-tres-ci-ble (Im-pu-tres'- se v bl), a. Incapable of corruption. In (in), prp. Noting the place where a thing is present; en- closed by : — ad., within some place ; not out : — see into. 70^ In, and the forms it as- sumes, ig, il, im, ir, prefixed to adjectives, mean not; as, infinite, ignoble, illegal, im- prudent: prefixed to verbs they mean in or into, on or upon; as, incise, illuminate, impose. See tjn. In, prefixed to nouns, some- times becomes a formative ad- jective with the sense of inte- rior ; as, inland. In such in- stances, it contrasts with the adjective out, and is compared thus; po8. in; comp. inner.; Sup. INMOST Or INNERMOST. In-a-bil-i-ty ( x in-a-blFle v te), n. Impotence. x In-a-bii/i x ties, n. pi. In-ac-ces-si-bil-i-ty (^in-ak^ses- se-biFle'te), n. The state of being inaccessible. *In-ac-ces-si-ble (In-ak-seVse- v bl), a. Not to be approached or influenced. [37-25.] [301-12.] (ap. p. — to.) In-ac-ces-si-bly (In-ak-seVse- x ble), ad. So as not to be ap- proached. *In-ac-cu-ra-cy (in-ak'kuYa-se), n. Want of exactness, error. In-ac'cu^ra-cies, n. pi. In-ac-CU-rate (in-ak'ku r rlt), a. Not exact or accurate ; incorrect. In-ac-cu-rate-ly (in-ak'kuMt- le), ad. Incorrectly. In-ac-tion (in-ak'shim), n. Cessa- tion from labor, idleness. In-ac-tive (in-ak'tiv), «. Indolent, sluggish. In-ac-tive-ly (in-ak'tiv^le), ad. Idly, sluggishly. In-ac-tiv-i-ty (In-ak-tiv'veHe), n. Idleness, want of activity. *In-ad-e-qua-cy (in-ad'e'kwa-se), n. Insufiiciency. [240-17.] In-ad-e-quate (in-ad'e^kwit), a. Insuflicient, defective. In-ad-e-quate-ly (in-ad'e v kwit- \h),ad. Defectively, insufficiently. In-ad-e-quate-ness ( v in-ad'e- x kwit-nes), n. The state of be- ing inadequate. In-ad-mis-si-bil-i-ty (In-ad^mis- se-bil'leHe), n. W^ant of admis- sibility. *In-ad-mis-si-ble ( x in-ad-mis'se- x bl), a. Not proper to be ad- mitted. In-ad-ver-tence ( x in-ad-ver'- tense), n. Inadvertency. *In-ad-ver-ten-cy ( v m-ad-veV- ten^se), n. Carelessness, negli- gence, inattention. [239-26.] x In-ad-ver'ten x Cies, n. pi. In-ad-ver-tent (^in-ad-ver'tent), a. Careless. In-ap-ver-tent-ly ( x in-ad-veV- tentHe), ad. Carelessly, negli- gently. *lN-AL-iEN-A-BLE(in-ale'yeVa-bl), a. Incapable of being alienated. 2j9 INA INC Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, INC In-al-ien-a-ble-ness (in-ale'ye'n x a-bl v n£s), n. State or quality of being inalienable. iN-AL-iEN-A-BLY^n-ale'yeVa-ble) ad. So as to be inalienable. *In-am-o-ra-ta (ln N am-6-ra/ta or in^am-d-ra'ta), n. A female in love. #In-am-o-ra-to (ln x am-6-ra't6 or ln v am-6-ra't6), n. A lover. In-ane (in-ane'), a. Empty, void. In-an-i-mate (in-an'e y mlt), ■) In-an-i-ma-ted (ln-an'e N m&-t3d), j a. Void of life ; without anima- tion. [123-26.] *In-a-ni-tion ( N in-a-nlsb/un), n. Emptiness of body ; exhaustion from hunger. In-an-i-ty (in-an'e x te), n. Empti- ness, vanity. #In-an'i x ties, n. pi. *In-ap-pe-ten-cy (in-ap'peHe'n- se), n. Want of appetite. *In-ap-pli-ca-bil-i-ty (ln x ap-ple- ka-bil'le'te), n. Unfitness. lN-AP-PLi-CA-BLE(ln-ap / ple x ka-bl), a. Not to be put to a peculiar use. In-ap-pli-ca-tion (in N ap-ple-ka'- shiin), n. Indolence, negligence. *In-ap-pre-ci-a-ble (In-ap-pre'- she x a-bl), a. Not to be esti- mated or valued. In-ap-pro-pri-ate ( v in-ap-pr6'- pre v it), a. Unsuitable. , In-apt (ln-apf), a. Unfit. In-ap-ti-tude (ln-ap'te x tude), ] In-apt-ness (in-apt'ne's), J n ' Unfitness. In-arch (ln-artsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, inarches.] To ingraft with- out separating the shoot from its parent tree. In-ar-tic-u-late (ln-ar-tlk'u lit), a. Not uttered with dis- tinctness. In-ar-tic-u-late -ly ( x in-ar-tlk'u- Hit-le), ad. Not distinctly. In-ar-tic-u-la-tion (ln-ar x tik-u la'shun), n. Indistinctness of utterance. 260 In-ar-ti-fi-cial (in v ar-t£-flsh'al), a. Artless, natural. *In-ar-ti-fi-cial-ly (in r ar-te- flsh'aHe), ad. Without art. In-as-much (^In-az-mtUsh'), ad. Seeing that; since, {cor. c. — as.) In-at-ten-tion ( x in-at-teVshun), n. Disregard, negligence, neglect. In-At-ten-tive fin-at-ten'tiv), a. Careless, negligent. In-at-ten-tive-ly ( x ln-at-ten'tiv- x le), ad. Without attention. In-au-di-ble (ln-aw'de x bl), a. Not to be heard. In-au-di-bly (in-aw'de^ble), ad. So as not to be heard. In-au-gu-ral (in-aw'guVal), a. Relating to or pronounced at an inauguration : — n., an address at an inauguration.f In-au-gu-rate (In-aw'guVate), v. t. To consecrate ; to invest with office ; to induct. In-au'gu v ra-ting, p. prs. *In-au-gu-ra-tion (ln'aw-gu-ra'- shun), n. Installation with cere- mony ; investiture with office. In-au-gu-ra-tor-y (In-aw'gu-ra- x tur-re), a. Relating to, or suit- ing, inauguration. *In-au-ra-tion ( x ln-aw-ra'shun), n. The act of gilding. *In-au-spi-cious ( x in-aw-splsh'- us), a. Unlucky, unfavorable. In-au-spi-cious-ly fin-aw-splsh'- tls x le), ad. Unfavorably, with bad omens. In-born (in'bSrn), a. Implanted by nature ; innate. In-breathe (in-breerHe'), v. t. To infuse by breathing. In-breath'ing, p. prs. In-breed (in-brled'), v. t. [inbred — inbred.] To produce within. *In-ca (In'ka), n. The title of a king or prince of Peru before its conquest by Spain. In-cage. See encage. lN-CAL-cu-LA-BLE(ln-kal'ku x la-bl) a. Not to be calculated. *In-ca-les-cence ( r in-ka-leV- se'nse), n. The state of growing warm ,• incipient heat. *In-can-des-cence ( x ln-kan-deV- se'nse), n. A white, glowing heat. iN-CAN-DES-CENTfin-kan-deVsSnt) a. White or glowing with heat. In-can-ta-tion ( v ln-kan-ta'shun), n. Enchantment. In-ca-pa-bil-i-ty (in^ka-pa-blPte- He), n. Natural inability, legal disqualification. In-ca-pa-ble (in-ka'pa v bl), a. Un- able; disqualified, unfit. [192-5.] (ap.p. — of.) In-ca-pa-ble-ness (in-ka'pa^bl- ne's), n. Incapability. ^In-ca-pac-i-tate ( N ln-ka-pas'se- Hate), v. t. To disable; to dis- qualify ; to weaken. [232-17.] ^N-CA-PAc'lVA-TING, p. prs. lN-CA-PAC-i-TA-TiON('in-kaYas-s^- ta'shun), n. Disqualification. In-ca-pac-i-ty (In-ka-pas'se^te), n. Want of capacity, inability. *In-car-cer-ate (In-kar'seVate), v. t. To imprison. In-car'cer v a-ting, p. prs. In-car-cer-a-tion (in^kar-ser-a/- shun), n. Imprisonment. In-car-na-dine (In-kar'naMlne), v. t. To dye red. In-car'na^di-ning, p. prs. *In-car-nate (in-kar'nit), a. Em- bodied in, or clothed with, flesh. In-car-na-tion fin-kar-na'shun), n. The act of assuming body or flesh ; the assumption of a human body by Jesus Christ. [33.] In-car-na-tive (in-kar'na N tiv), a. Generating flesh : — n., a medi- cine which produces flesh. In-case (in-kase'), v. t. To en- close in a case: — often written encase. In-ca'sing, p. prs. In-cau-tion (In-kaw'shun), n. Heedlessness, unwariness. In-cau-tious (in-kaw'shus), a. Unwary, negligent, heedless. INC nftr, nSt- INC -tube, tdb, billl— 611- -p6dnd — thin, this. INC In-cau-tious-ly (in-kaw'shusle), ad. Unwarily, heedlessly. In-cau-tious-ness (In-kaw'shus- Ws), n. Heedlessness. In-ca-va-tion ( v ln-ka-va'shun), n. The act of making hollow; a hollow. In-cen-di-a-rism (ln-s§n'de v a- rizm), n. The act of firing buildings. In-cen-di-a-ry (in-sSn'de^a-re), n. One who sets houses or towns on fire ; one who excites faction [338-4] : — a., relating to incen- diarism ; exciting strife. *In-cen'di'a-ries, n. pi. *In-cense (in'sense), n. Perfume exhaled by fire; the materials used in making perfume [117] : — v. t\, to perfume with incense. *In'cen^sing, p. prs, *In-cense (in-s^nse'), v. t. To in- flame to anger ; to enrage. #In-cen'sing, p. prs. In-cense-ment (In-sense'me'nt), n. Rage, irritation. *In-cen-sive (in-s£n'slv),a. Tend- ing to incense. In-cen-sor-y. See censer. In-cen-tive (in-seVtlv), n. In- citement, motive, spur (up. p. — to) : — a., inciting, encouraging. *In-cep-tion (in-sep'shun), n. A beginning, first attempt. In-cep-tive (in-sep'tlv), a. No- ting a beginning, commencing. *In-ce-ra-tion (in-se-ra'shun), n. The act of covering with wax. *In-cer-ti-tude (In-seVteHMe), n. Uncertainty 7 , doubtfulness. *In-ces-san-cy (in-seVsan x se), n. The state of being incessant. *In-ces-sant (In-seVsant), a. Un- ceasing, continual. [159-5.] [317-4.] lN-cES-SANT-LY(!n-ses'sant > l^),a(i. Without intermission, continu- ally. [72-23.] [179-28.] In-cest (in'sest), n. Cohabitation of relatives. In-ces-tu-ous (In-ses'tshu^us), a. Guilty of incest. Inch (Insh), n. The 12th part of a lineal foot ; the 144th part of a superficial foot ; the 1728th part of a solid foot; a small quantity. Inch'es, n. pi. Inch-meal (insh'meel),?i. Apiece an inch long; a fragment. *In-cho-ate (ing'k61t), a. Begun. In-cho-a-tion ( x ing-k6-a'shun), n. Beginning, inception. ^In-cho-a-tive (in-k6'a x tlv oring / - k6-a x tiv), a. Noting beginning, inceptive. ^In-ci-dence (in'seMense), } In-ci-den-cy (in'se'den-sl), J n ' Accident, casualty ; the direc- tion in which one body strikes another. In'ci x den-ces, J , In'ci^den-cies, J n ' P * In-ci-dent (in'seMe'nt), a. Ap- pertaining to ; liable to fall on ; casual [171-22] : — n., an occur- rence ; a casual event. [77-10.] [172-23.] In-ci-dent-al ( x ln-s£-de 1 nt , al), a. Casual, happening by chance. In-ci-dent-al-ly (ln-se-d£nt r al- N le), ad. Casually, without de- sign. [50-32.] *In-cin-er-ate (ln-sin'lr x ate), v. t. To burn to ashes. In-cin'er n a-ting, p. prs. *In-cip-i-en-cy (ln-sip r e^n-se), n. Commencement. In-cip-i-ent (lu-sip'e^nt), a. Com- mencing. In-cise (in-size'), *>• *• To cut in ; to carve ; to engrave. *In-ci'sing, p. prs. *In-cis-ion (in-sizh'tin), n. A cut. In-ci-sive (In-si'slv), a. Having the quality of cutting or dividing. *In-ci-sor (in-si'sdr), n. A cutter; a foretooth. *In-ci-so-ry (in-sl'surVe), a. In cisive, cutting. *In-cis-tjre (In-sizh'iir), n. A cut. *In-ci-tant (ln-si'tant), n. That which incites or stimulates. In-ci-ta-tion ( N in-se-ta/shun), n. Incentive, motive. In-cite (in-slte'), v. t. To rouse ; to stir up ; to excite. In-ci'ting, p. prs. In-cite-ment (in-site'ment), n. That which incites to act; mo- tive, incentive ; an impulse. [202-5.] In-ci-vil-i-ty (ln-se-vil'le\e), n. Want of courtesy, rudeness. * r lN-CI-VIL'l V TIES, 11. pi. *In-civ-ism (in-siv'izm), n. Want of patriotism. In-clasp (in-klasp'), v. t. To clasp. In-clem-en-cy (in-kleWeVse), n. Cruelty, severity, harshness. *In-clem'en x cies, n. pi. In-clem-ent (in-klem'ent), a. Un- merciful, harsh, severe. *In-cli-na-ble (in-kli'na^bl), a. Willing, disposed, leaning. In-cli-na-tion (In-kle-na'shun), n. A leaning ; a bending; dis- position of mind ; tendency to- ward a point; affection. [159-23.] f In-cline (in-kline'), v. i. To be disposed ; to bend[51-29] [357-3]: — v. t., to give a direction to ; to bend ; to incurvate : — n., regular ascent or descent. In-cli'ning, p. prs. In-close. See enclose. In-clo-sure. See enclosure. In-cltjde (ln-klude'), v. t. To enclose; to comprise; to com- prehend. In-clu'ding, p. prs. In-clu-sion (In-klu'zhun), n. The act of including. In-cltj-sive (In-klu'siv), a. En- closing; comprehending. In-clu-sive-ly (in-klu'sivle), ad. So as to include. In-cog (in-kSg'), In-cog-ni-to (In-kog'ne^to), j In disguise or concealment. 261 ad. INC INC Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mlt — pine, pin — n6, move, INC *In-cog-i-tan-cy (in-koj'eHan-se), n. Want of thought. In-cog-i-tant (ln-k6j'e x tant), In-cog-i-ta-tive (ln-k6j 'e x ta-tiv), a. Wanting the power of thought. In-co-he-rence (ln-k6-he'r^nse), n. Incoherency. *In-co-he-ren-cy ( x in-k6-he 7 re ! n- x se), n. Want of connection ; in- congruity. ^In-co-he'ren^cies, n. pi. In-co-he-rent (ln-k6-he'rent), a. Inconsistent; without cohesion.f In-co-he-rent-ly ( x in-k6-he'rent- x le), ad. Inconsistently, loosely. In-com-bus-ti-bil-i-ty ( x in-k6m- x bus-te-bil'le x te), n. The quality of resisting fire. In-com-bus-ti-ble (In-k&m-bus'- te x bl), a. Resisting fire. In-com-bus-ti-ble-ness ( x ln-k6ni- bus r te N bl-n§s),w. Incombustibility. In-come (In'kum), n. Revenue; profit. [51-4.] In-com-men-su-ra-bil-i-ty fln- k6m x men-shu-ra-bll'le x te), n. The state of having no common measure. In-com-men-su-ra-ble fin-k&m- meVshuVa-bl), a. Having no common measure. In-com-men-su-rate ( x in-k&in- ineVshuVlt), a. Not admitting a common measure; not of equal extent; inadequate. In-com-mode ( x ln-k6m-mode'), v. t. To hinder or embarrass. 'In-com-mo'ding, p. prs. In-com-mo-di-ous (In-kSni-mo'de- us), a. Inconvenient; vexatious. lN-coM-MO-Di-ous-LY( x in-k6m-m6 / - de x us-le), ad. Inconveniently. ^•In-com-mo-di-ous-ness ( x ln-k6m- m6'de x us-n^s), n. Inconvenience. ^In-com-mu-ni-ca-bil-i-ty ( x ln- k6m x mu-ne-ka-bll'le x te), n. State of being incommunicable. In-com-mu-ni-ca-ble ( x in-k&m- mu'ne'ka-bl), a. Not imparti ble ; not to be told. 262 #In-com-mu-ni-ca-ble-ness ( x in k6m-mu'ne x ka-bl x ne 4 s), n. In- communicability. In-com-mu-ni-ca-bly (In-kftm- nm'ne x ka-ble), ad. So as not to be imparted. In-com-mu-ni-ca-tive ( v ln-k&m- mu'ne x ka-tlv), a. Not commu- nicative; unsocial. *In-com-mu-ta-bil-i-ty . (^n-k&m- N mu-ta-bil'le x te), n. The state of being incommutable. In-com-mu-ta-ble ( x in-k6m-mu , - ta x bl), a. Incapable of change or exchange. In-com-pact ( x in-k6m-pakf), a. Not solid ; not cohering. ^In-com-pa-ra-ble (In-kom'paVa- bl), a. Excellent beyond com- parison. In-com-pa-ra-bly (in-k&m'pa x ra- ble), ad. Beyond comparison. In-com-pas-sion-ate ( x in-k6m- pash'un x lt), a. Void of pity, cruel. In-com-pas-sion-ate-ly ( x ln-k&ra- pash'un x lt-le), ad. Unmercifully. *In-com-pat-i-bil-i-ty ( x in-k6m- x pat-e-bll'le x te), n. Inconsist- ency,irreconcilable disagreement. In-com-pat-i-ble ( x ln-k6m-pat'e- bl), a. Inconsistent; irreconci- lably opposed, (ap. p. — with.)f In-com-pat-i-bly ( x in-k6m-pat'e- x ble), ad. Inconsistently. lN-C0M-PE-TENCE(in-k6m r pe x t§nse) n. Incompetency. *lN-coM-PE-TEN-CY(ln-k6m'peH§n- se), n. Inability, insufficiency. In-com'pe x ten-cies, n. pi. In-com-pe-tent (ln-k6m r peHent), a. Not suitable, not adequate. In-com-pe-tent-ly (ln-k6m / pe- Hent-le), ad. Unsuitably; in- adequately. In-com-plete ( x in-k&m-plete'), a. Not perfect, not finished. lN-coM-PLETE-NESs( x ln-k6m-plete / - nSs), n. Imperfection. In-com-pli-ance ( x in-k&m-pll'- anse), n. Refusal of compliance, *In-COM-PRE-HEN-SI-BIL-I-TY (ln- x k&m-pre x hen-se-bil'le x te), n. In- comprehensibleness. In-com-pre-hen-si-ble-ness (In- x k6m-pre-hen , se x bl-ne's), n. In- conceivableness. In-com-pre-hen-si-ble (In^k&m- pre-hen'se x bl), a. Not to be conceived. [72-39.] In-com-pre-hen-si-bly (ln x kSm- pre-heVse^ble), ad. In a manner not to be conceived. *In-com-pres-si-bil-i-ty ( x ln- k6m x pr§s-se-bil / le x te), n. Inca- pacity for compression. In-com-pres-si-ble ( x ln-kSm- preVse x bl), a. Incapable of compression. *lN-coN-CEAL-A-BLE( x in-k6n-seeF- a x bl), a. Not to be kept secret. *lN-coN-CEiv-A-BLE( x !n-k&n-seev'- a x bl), a. Not to be conceived. In-con-ceiv-a-ble-ness ( x in-k6n- seev^bl-nes),^. State of being inconceivable. In-con-ceiv-a-bly ( x ln-k6n-seev / - a x ble), ad. Beyond compre- hension. *In-con-cin-ni-ty ( x in-k6n-sln'ne- x te), n. Want of proportion ; in- aptness. In-con-clu-sive ("in-k&n-khVslv), a. Not warranting a conclusion ; insufficient. In-con-cltj-sive-ly ( x in-k6n-klu'- siv x le), ad. Not conclusively. In-con-clu-sive-ness ( x ln-k6n- klu'slv^s), n. Want of con- vincing evidence. In-con-gru-ence (in-k&ng'gru- x £nse), n. Incongruity. In-con-gru-ent (in-kftng'gru^nt), a. Unsuitable, inconsistent. In-con-gru-i-ty ( x in-k6n-gru'e x te), n. Unsuitableness ; absurdity ; inconsistency. x In-con-gru'i x ties, n. pi. In-con-gru-ous (in-k6ng'gru x us), a. Unsuitable, not fitting, in- consistent. [140-37.] INC n6r, not- -tube, tub, bull — 611 — pMnd- -thin, this. INC In-con-grp-ous-ly (ln-k6ng / grti- N us-le), ad. Unsuitably. [264-15.] lN-C0N-SE-QUENT(ln-k6n / se v kwe , nt) a. Without just conclusion. *In-con-se-quen-tial (ln v k6n-se- kweVshal), a. Not following from the premises; of small moment. In-con-sip-er-a-ble (In-k&n-sid'- ur^a-bl), a. Unworthy of notice ; unimportant; insignificant. In-con-sip-er-a-ble-ness (^ln- k6n-sid'iir'a-brnes), n. Small importance. In-con-sip-er-ate (Hn-k&n-sld'ur- lt), a. Careless, thoughtless. In-con-sip-er-ate-ly ( v ln-k6n- sld'urlt-le), ad. Thoughtlessly. [151-17.] In-con-sip-er-ate-ness (In-k&n- sld / urlt-ne ; s), n. Inattention. In-con-sip-er-a-tion fln-k&n x sid- dr-a'shun), n. Want of thought, inattention. In-con-sist-ence fin-kon-sist'- £nse), n. Inconsistency. In-con-sist-en-cy (In-k&n-sist'e'n- x se), n. Disagreement; unsteadi- ness; absurdity; incongruity. ^In-con-sist'en^ies, n. pi. In-con-sist-ent ( v in-k6n-sist'ent), a. Incompatible, incongruous, absurd, (ap. p. — with.) In-con-sist-ent-ly fln-k6n-slst'- ent x le), ad. Absurdly, not con- gruously. In-con-so-la-ble (In-k&n-s6'la- N bl), a. Not to be comforted; sorrowful, f In-con-so-la-bly (Itf£k6n-s6'la- x ble), ad.So as not to be comforted. *In-con-so-nance (In-k6n's6- x nanse), n. Disagreement; want of harmony ; contrariety. In-con-spic-u-ous ( r in-kon -splk'- iVus), a. Not perceptible. *In-con-stan-cy (In-k&n'stan^se), n. Unsteadiness. [112-18.] In-con-stant (in-k6n'stant), a. Not firm; variable, mutable. In-con-stant-ly (ln-k6n'stantHe), ad. Change ably. In-con-su-ma-ble (ln-k6n-su'ma- v bl), a. Not to be wasted. *Ix-CON-TEST-A-BLE(ln-k6n-test'- a x bl), a. Indisputable, certain. In-con-test-a-bly ( x !n-k6n-test'a- x ble), ad. Indisputably. [290-22.] lN-coN-TiG-u-ous( v in-k6n-tig'u'us) a. Not touching. In-con- ti-nence (in-k&n'te^nense), n. Incontinency. In-con-ti-nen-cy (ln-k6n'te^ne , n- se), n. Unchastity. In-con-ti-nent (in-k6n'te x nent), a. Unchaste, licentious : — n., one who is unchaste. lN-C0N-Ti-NENT-LY(in-k6n'te v nent- le),a(i.Not chastely; immediately. *In-con-trol-la-ble ( x in-k6n- tr61'la x bl), a. Not to be controlled. In-con-tro-vert-i-ble (ln N k6n- tro-vert'e^bl), a. Indisputable. *In-con-tro-vert-i-bly (ln v k6n- tri-v-lrt'^ble), ad. Indisputably. In-con- ve-ni-ence (1n-k6n-ve'ne- N ense), n. Unfitness ; disadvan- tage; difficulty. [240-10.] In-con-ve-ni-en-cy ( x ln-k6n-v£'- ne^en-se), n. Inconvenience. ^In-con- ve'ni x en-cies, n. pi. In-con-ve-ni-ent ( v ln-k6n-ve 7 n£- N ent), a. Incommodious; inex- pedient; annoying. In-con-ve-ni-ent-ly ( x ln-k&n-ve'- ne x ent-le), ad. Incommodiously. * In-con- ve*r-sa-ble ( x in-k6n-veV- sa x bl), a. Unsocial, reserved. In-con- vert-i-bil-i-ty ( v in-k6n- Vert-e-biVleHe), n. Incapacity of change or exchange. *"In-con-vert-i-ble (^In-k&n-vSrt'- e v bl), a. Not transmutable. *In-con-vin-ci-ble (In-k&n-vln'- se x bl), a. Not to be convinced. In-cor-po-rate (in-kor'p6Yate), v. t. To form into a body or corporation; to unite; to asso- ciate (ap. p. — into) : — v. i. } to be united, (ap. p. — with.)f In-cor'po n ra-ting, p. }jrs. In-cor-po-rate (ln-kdr'p&*rit), «. Mixed, associated. f In-cor-po-ra-tion (In v k6r-p6-ra/- shiin), n. Union of divers in- gredients in one mass; formation of a body politic : association. lN-C0R-P0-RE-AL('ln-k6r-p6're'al), a. Not consisting of matter; immaterial. [227-4.] *In-cor-po-re-al-ly ( N in-k6r-po'- re v al-le), ad. Immaterially. *In-cor-po-re-i-ty (in N k6r-p6-re'- e r te), n. Immateriality. In-cor-rect ( x in-k6r-r£kf), a. Not exact, inaccurate. In-cor-rect-ly fln-kor-r-lkt'le), ad. Not accuratel} 7 , not exactly.* In-cor-rect-ness (In-kor-rekt'- nes), n. Inaccuracy. *In-cor-ri-gi-bil-i-ty (in^kor-re- je-bll'leHe), n. Incorrigibleness. In-cor-ri-gi-ble (in-kor'reje-bl ), a. Bad beyond correction; ir- recoverably depraved. *lN-C0R-Ri-Gi-BLE-NESs(in-k6r / re- x je-brnes),«. Hopeless depravity. lN-C0R-Ri-Gi-BLY(ln-k6r're x je-ble), ad. Beyond amendment. In-cor-rupt (ln-k6r-rupt'), a. Free from depravation ; honest. *In-cor-rupt-i-bil-i-ty (In-kSr- Vdpt-e-bil'leHe), n. Incapacity of decay or corruption. In-cor-rupt-i-ble (ln-k6r-rupt'e- ^bl), a. Incapable of corruption. [342-4.] '^In-cor-rupt-i-ble-ness (In-k&r- rupt'e N bl-n^s),?i. Incorruptibility. In-cor-rup-tion (^in-k6r-rup'- shun), n. Incapacity of cor- ruption. In-cor-rupt-ness ( N ln-k6r-rupf- nes), n. Purity of mind or manners; honesty; freedom from decay. *In-cras-sate (In-kras'sate), *. t. To thicken : — v. i., to become dense. In-cras'sa n ting, p. prs. 263 INC INC Fate, fir, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, IND Ix-cras-Sx1te (in-kras'sit), a. Thickened; fattened. lN-CRAS-SA-TiON( v ln-kras-sa'shun), n. The act of thickening. In-cras-sa-tive (ln-kras'sa v tiv), a. Having the quality of thickening. Ix-crease (in'kreese or In-kreese'), n. Augmentation ; produce ; accession. In-crease (ln-kreese'), v. i. To grow ; to advance : — v. t. f to en- large ; to make more or greater. In-creas'ing, p. prs. In-cre-ate ( N ln-kre-ate'), a. Not created. *lN-CRED-i-BiL-i-TY(ln x kred-6-bir- leHe), n. The quality of surpass- • ing belief; improbability. Ix x cred-i-bil'i x ties, n. pi. In-cred-i-ble (ln-kred'e N bl), a. Surpassing belief; improbable. [173-11.] [35-28.] *lN-cRED-i-BLE-NESs(ln-kred'e N bl- nes), n. Incredibility. In-cred-i-bly (ln-kred'e N ble), ad. In an incredible manner. [50-19.] In-cre-du-li-ty (ln-kre-du'le x te), n. Indisposition to believe. In-cred-u-lous (in-kred'juMs), a. Indisposed to believe. [151-8.] In-cred-u-lous-ness (in-kred'ju- Mus-n£s), n. Incredulity. Ix-cre-ment (in'kre N ment), n. Increase ; produce. In-cres-cent (in-kreVsdnt), a. Growing; increasing. Itf-CRUST (in-krdst'), v. t. To cover with a coat or crust. [287-22.] iN-CRUS-TA-TiON(ln-krus-ta'shun), n. An adherent covering. In-cu-bate (in'ku^bate), v. i. To sit upon eggs ; to hatch. In'cu v ba-ting, p. prs. In-cu-ba-tion ( x ln-ku-ba'shun), n. The act of sitting upon eggs, to hatch them. *In-cu-bus (in'ku^bus), ft. The nightmare; a demon. In t/ cu n bi, Ix'cu^bus-es, 264 [■ n. pi. In-cul-cate (In-kul'kate), v. t. To impress by frequent admonitions. [341.] (ap.p. — on, upon.) In-cul'caVing, p. prs. In-cul-ca-tion (ln-kul-ka'shun), n. The act of impressing by fre- quent admonitions. *In-cul-pa-ble (in-kul'pa v bl), a. Unblamable. In-cul-pate (In-kul'pate), v. t. To blame; to censure. In-cul'pa v ting, p. prs. In-cul-pa-tion (ln-kul-pa'shun), n. Censure, blame. *In-cul-pa-tor-y (in-kul'paHur- re), a. Imputing blame. *In-cum-ben-cy (In-kuun'beVse), n. The act of lying upon; a holding of an office ; an office held. In-cum'ben^ies, n. pi. iN-cuM-BENT^n-kum'bent^a. Rest- ing upon, lying upon ; imposed as a duty : — n., one who holds an office. In-cum-ber. See encumber. In-cur (in-kur'), v. t. To become liable to; to occur; to bring on. *In-cur'ring, p. prs. *In-cur'red, p. prf. *In-cu-ra-bil i-ty (In^ku-ra-bil'- le x te), ft. Impossibility of cure. In-cu-ra-ble (in-ku/ra x bl), a. Not admitting remedy; irremediable. [260-18.] In-cu-ra-ble-ness (ln-ku'ra x bl- nes), n. The state of not admit- ting a cure. In-cu-ra-bly (in-ku'ra^ble), ad. Without remedy. In-cu-ri-ous (in-ku're x us), a. Neg- ligent, having no curiosity. In-cur-sion (In-kur'shiin), ». In- vasion ; attack; inroad. [HO.] In-cur-sive (in-kiir'slv), a. Mak- ing incursions ; aggressive. In-cur-vate (In-kurVate), v. t. To bend ; to crook. In-cur'va x ting, p. prs. *In-cur-vate (in-kur'vit), a. Bent, curved inwards or upwards. In-cur-va-tion fin-kiir-va'shun) n. The act of bending, curvity, In-curve (in-kurve'), v. t. To bend. In-cur'ving, p. prs. In-cur-vi-ty (in-kur've'te), n. A bending inward, crookedness. *In-cur'vi x ties, n. pi. In-dart (in-dart')? v. t. To dart in. In-debt-ed (in-det'ted), p. prf.: — a., obliged by something re- ceived ; being in debt. *In-debt-ed-ness (In-det'ted^ne's), ». State of being indebted; the amount owed. In-de-cen-cy (ln-de'sen v se), ft. An unbecoming act or word; want of decency. In-de'cen x cies, n. pi. In-de-cent (In-de'sent), a. Un- becoming, immodest, offensive. In-de-cent-ly (In-de'sent^le), ad. Immodestly, indelicately. *lN-DE-ciD-u-ous( x ln-de-sld / ju x us), a. Evergreen, not shedding. In-de-cis-ion (In-de-slzh'un), n. Want of determination. In-de-ci-sive (In -de-si'siv), a. Inconclusive; irresolute. *In-de-ci-sive-ness fln-de-si'siv- v nes), ft. Want of decision. ^In-de-cli-na-ble (in-de-kll'na- N bl), a. Not varied in termination. In-de-cli-na-bly pin-de-kli'na- 'ble), ad. Without variation. In-de-co-rous ( N in-de-k6'rus or in-clek'oViis), a. Indecent, un- becoming. *In-de-co-rous-ly ( x ln-de-k6'rus- x le or in-d£k'6Vus-le), ad. In an unbecoming manner. In-de-co-rum (ln-de-k6'rum), n. Indecency. In-deed (in-deed 7 ), ad. In reality, in truth : — in., is it possible ? In-de-fat-i-ga-ble (ln-de-fat'e- v ga-bl), a. Unwearied. [244-10.] *In-de-fat-i-ga-ble-ness ( N ln-d^- fat'e x ga-brn§s),?t.Unweariedness. In-de-fat-i-ga-bly ( x ln-de-fat'e- x g4-ble), ad. Without weariness. IND IND n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p6und — thin, THis. IND *In-de-fea-si-ble ( v ln-de-fe'z^- v bl), a. Not to be defeated or made void. In-de-fec-tive ( x ln-de-feVtiv), a. Complete, perfect. *In-de-fen-si-ble (ln-d£-feVs&- x bl), a. Incapable of being de- fended. In-de-fen-sive (In-dS-feVslv), a, Having no defense. #In-de-fin-a-ble fin-dd-fhrTbl), a. Incapable of being defined. *In-def-i-nite (In-defe^nlt), a. Not limited or defined ; vague ; unsettled. In-def~i-nite-ly (In-def'e^nit-le) ad. Without limitation. In-def-i-nite-ness (ln-defe v nit- nes), n. State of being indefinite. In-de-his-cent (In-de-hls'sent), a. Not opening when ripe. In-del-i-bil-i-ty (in x de : l-l£-bll'le- He), n. The quality of being indelible. In-del-i-ble (in-deTe v bl), a. Not to be effaced or annulled; per- manent. [262-18.] *In-del-i-bly (In-deTe^ble), ad. So as not to be effaced. [248-22.] In-del-i-ca-cy (In-deTe^ka-se), n. Want of delicacy. In-del/i x ca-cies, n. pi. In-del-i-cate (In-deTeMt), a. In- decent, wanting decency. In-del-i-cate-ly (In-deTe'klt-le), ad. Indecently. *lN-DE3f-NI-FI-CA-TI0N(lnM§m-n^- fe-ka'shun), n. Security against loss or penalty ; reimbursement. In-dem-ni-fy (in-deWne^fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, indemnifies.] To se- cure against loss or penalty. *lN-DEAl'NI r FI-ED, p. prf. In-dem-ni-ty (in-dlm'neHe), n. Security from injury or loss; re- muneration. In-dem'niVies, n. pi. In-de-mon-stra-ble ( x in-de-m6n'- stra v bl), a. Incapable of dem- onstration. In-dent (in-dentf), v. t. To mark with inequalities; to bind by contract; to notch : — n., a cut or notch in the margin ; a dent. In-den-ta-tion ( v in-den-ta'shun), n. The act of indenting ; a re- cess ; a dent, a notch. In-den-ture (in-deVtshur), n. A written contract: — v. t., to bind by contract. In-den'tu x ring, p. pr8, *In-de-pen-dence (^in-de-peV- dense), n. Freedom; exemption from reliance, control, or bias; competence. [99-20.] [256-24.] In-de-pen-dent (ln-dl-pen'd^nt), a. Not depending; not con- trolled (ap. p. — of, on) : — n. f a Congregationalist. In-de-pen-dent-ly (ln-d£-pen'- dentHe), ad. Without reference to other things; without de- pendence. In-de-scrib-a-ble (In-de-skrib'a- x bl), a. Incapable of description. In-de-sert (In-de-zgrf), n. Want of merit. In-de-struc-ti-bil-i-ty (In-de- Wuk-te-bll'le te), n. The quality of resisting destruction. In-de-struc-ti-ble ( N in-de-struk / - t& x bl), a. Not to be destroyed. In-de-ter-sii-na-ble ( x in-d£-teV- me v na-bl), a. Not to be fixed or defined. In-de-ter-mi-nate ( N in-de-ter'me- ^nit), a. Unfixed, indefinite. In-de-ter-mi-nate-ly (In-de-teY- me v nlt-le), ad. Indefinitely. In-de-ter-mi-nate-ness ( A in-de- teVme^nit-nes), n. Indefiniteness. In-de-ter-mi-na-tion ( v in-de x t^r- me-na'shun), n. Want of reso- lution. lN-DE-TER-MiN-ED( x in-de-teVmlnd) a. Unsettled, unfixed. In-de-vo-tion ( v m-de-v6'shun), n. Want of devotion ; irreligion. In-de-vout (ln-de-v6utM a. Ir- religious. 23 In-dex (in'd^ks), n. An alpha- betical table of references to the contents of a book; a pointer; an exponent ; the hand [ 7?^** ] that points out a passage of special import: — v. t. \_prs. t. 3, indexes], to construct an index for; to place in an index or table. *lN-Di-CEs(in'de N seez) (signs), ) n. iN-DEX-Es(ln-deks'iz) (tables), J pi. Ind-ian-Ink (ind'yunlnk), n. A Chinese ink used as a water-color. Ind-ia-Rub-ber (ind'yaVub-bur), n. A substance of great elasticity, gum-elastic, caoutchouc. In-di-cant (in'de^kant), a. Show- ing, pointing out. In-di-cate (in'de^kate), v. t. To show ; to point out. [123-16.] In'di x ca-ting, p. pr8. In-di-ca-tion (In-d^-ka'shun), n. Mark, token, symptom. [66-29.] *In-dic-a-tive (in-dik'a x tiv), a. Showing, pointing out. In-dic-a-tive-ly (in-dik'a v tiv-le), d. In an indicative manner. In-di-ca-tor (in'de^ka-tur), n. He or that which shows. *In-di-ca-tor-y (in'de^ka-turVe), a. Showing, pointing out. *In-dict (in-dite'), v. t. To charge with crime or misdemeanor. *In-dict-a-ble (in-dite'a v bl), a. Liable to indictment. In-dict-er (in-dite'iir), n. One who indicts. In-dic-tion (In-dik'shun), n. Dec- laration, proclamation; a cycle of fifteen years. In-dic-tive (m-dik'tiv), a. Pro- claimed, declared. *In-dict-ment (in-dite'ment), n. The act of indicting ; a legal ac- cusation of crime or misdemean- or, presented to court by a grand-jury. *lN-DiF-FER-ENCE(in-diffur v ense), n. Insensibility ; neutrality ; negligence. [67-15.] [207-9.] 265 IND IND Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, IND In-dif-fer-ent (ln-dif'fur x ent), a. Neutral ; unconcerned ; impar- tial; negligent; passable; in- sensible. [100-29.] [242-8.] In-dif-fer-ent-ly (In-dlffur^ent- le), ad. Without distinction or feeling; passably. In-di-gence (ln'de x jense), n. Want. *In-di-gene (In'de^jeen), n. A na- tive plant or animal. *In-dig-en-ous (In-dlj'e^nus), a. Native to a country. In-di-gent (in'de^jSnt), a. Needy. In-di-gest-ed (Hn-de-jSst'eM), a. Not matured or digested. *lN-Di-GEST-i-BLE( v in-de-jest'e-bl), a. Not digestible in the stomach. In-di-ges-tion (In-de-jeVtshun), n. Want of digestive power. In-dig-i-tate (In-dij'eHate), v. t. To point out with the finger. *In-dig'i x ta-ting, p. prs. In-dig-i-ta-tion (InMlj-e-ta'shun) n. The act of pointing out. In-dig-nant (In-dlg'nant), a. In flamed with anger and contempt. [221-6.] lN-DiG-NANT-LY(ln-dlg , nant > le),ac?. With anger and contempt. In-dig-ka-tion (In-dlg-na'shun), n. Anger mingled with con- tempt; ire. [118-15.] [255.] In-dig-nt-ty (ln-dig'ne\e), n. Con- temptuous injury, insult. *In-dig'ni v ties, n. pi. In-di-go (ln'de x g6), n. A plant, and the blue dye obtained from it. In-di-rect fin-de-rekt'), a. Not straight, not honest. In-dt-rec-tion ( v ln-de-rek'shun), n. Oblique means,dishonest practice. In-di-rect-ly (Hn-de-rekt'le), ad. Obliquely; unfairly. lN-Di-RECT-NESs( x in^de-rekt , nSs),n. Obliquity ; unfairness. *In-dis-cern-i-ble (ln-diz-zern'- e N bl), a. Not perceptible. *Ix-DIS-CERP-TI-BIL-I-TY (In-dls- ^rp-te-bll'leHe), n. State of be- ing indestructible by dissolution. 266 In-dis-cerp-ti-ble (Hn-dis-serp'- te v bl), a. Not to be destroyed or dissolved. In-dis-ci-plin-a-ble (In-dls'se- r plin-a v bl), a. Incapable of discipline. *In-dis-cov-er-a-ble (In-dls kuv'uYa-bl), a. Incapable of being found out. *In-dis-creet (ln-dls-kreef), a. Imprudent, incautious, hasty. In-dis-creet-ly (In-dls-kreet'le), ad. Imprudently, rashly. In-dis-cre-tion (In-dis-kreWun), n. Imprudence, rashness. [383-5.] In-dis-crim-i-nate (In-dls-krlm' e v nit), a. Not making distinc tion; promiscuous. In-dis-crim-i-nate-ly (Hn-dls krim'e x nlt-le), ad. Without dis- tinction, promiscuously. In-dis-crim-i-na-ting (In-dls- krlm'e x na-tlng), a. Making no distinction. In-dis-crim-i-na-tion (Hn-dls- v krlm-e-n a/shun), n. Want of distinction or discrimination. lN-DIS-PEN-SA-BIL-I-TY(ln-d!s N pen- sa-bll'le x te), n. Necessity. v In-dis n pen-sa-bil'i n ties, n. pi. *In-dis-pen-sa-ble (In-dls-peV- sa x bl), a. Not to be spared, es- sential, necessary. [330-8.] In-dis-pen-sa-ble-ness (In-dls- peVsa N bl-nes), n. Necessity. In-dis-pen-sa-bly (Hn-dis-pen'sa- v ble), ad. Necessarily. In-dis-pose (ln-dis-p6ze'), v. t. To make unfit; to disorder; to dis- incline. * v In-dis-po'sing, p. prs. In-dis-po-sed-ness (Hn-dls-po'- ze^nes), n. State of unfitness or disinclination; indisposition. In-dis-po-si-tion (ln v dis-pd-zlsh'- un), r». Disorder of health; dis- inclination. In-dis-pu-ta-ble (ln-dls'puHa-bl), a. Incontrovertible; incontest- able. In-dis-pu-ta-ble-ness (in-dls'pu- Ha-bl N nes), n. The state or quality of being indisputable. In-dis-pu-ta-bly (In-dis'puHa-ble or ln-dls-pu'ta N ble), ad. With- out controversy, certainly. *In-dis-so-lu-bil-i-ty (in v dls-s6- lu-bll'leHe), n. Resistance to a dissolving power; indivisible union. *In-dis-so-lu-ble (ln-dis's6 v lu-bl) a. Firm ; binding or subsisting forever; indissolvable. In-dis-so-lu-ble-ness (In-dls'sd- Hu-blWs), n. Indissolubility. In-dis-solv-a-ble (1n-diz-z61v'- a N bl), a. Not separable into parts. In-dis-tinct (In-dis-tlngkt'), a. Not plainly marked, confused, undefined, obscure. [292.] In-dis-tinc-tion (In-dis-tlngh'- shun), n. Confusion, uncertainty. In-dis-tinct-ly (Hn-dis-tingkt'le), ad. Confusedly, uncertainly. In-dis-tinct-ness (Hn-dls-tingkf- nes), n. Confusion, uncertainty. *In-dis-tin-guish-a-ble (In-dls- tlng'gwlsh v a-bl), a. Incapable of being distinguished. *In-dite (ln-dlte'), v, t. To commit to writing ; to compose ; to dic- tate : — sometimes written endite. In-di'ting, p. prs. *In-dite-ment (In-dlte'nient), w. The act of inditing. [indites. *In-di-ter (In-dl'tur), n. One who lN-Di-viD-u-AL( x ln-de-vld'ju'al),n. A single being; a person [58-16] [381-21] : — a., separate from oth- ers ; single; one; relating to a single being. [65-8.] In-di- vid-u-al-ism (^ln -de-vld'ju- x al-lzin), n. State of being indi- vidual; attachment to individ- ual interest; selfishness. *In-di-vid-u-al-i-ty (Hn-deVld- ju-al'leHe), n. Separate or dis- tinct existence ; the faculty which individualizes. x In-di-vid-u-al'i\ties, n. pi. IND IND nor, not— tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, this. INE *In-di-vid-u-al-ize ( N in-de-vld'- ju-al x ize), v. t. To discriminate individualities ; to separate. \En-di-vid'u-alVzing, p. prs. lN-Di-viD-u-AL-LY( x in-d^-vid'ju N al- ie), ad. With separate or dis- tinct existence ; singly.f *In-di-vis-i-bil-i-ty (In-deViz-e- bil'leHe), n. State or quality of being indivisible. In-di-vis-i-ble (ln-de-viz'^bl), a. Incapable of being broken into parts. In-di- vis -i-b le -ne s s ( v in-de- viz 'e- v bl-n6s), ». Indivisibility. In-di- vis-i-bly ( x in-de-viz'£ x bl&), ad. So as not to be divided. *In-do-ci-ble (ln-d6s'se v bl or In- d6'se v bl), a. Indocile. #In-do-cile (in-d6s'sil or in-d6'- sil), a. Unteachable, intractable. *In-do-cil-i-ty ( r in-d6-sil'le v te), n. Refusal of instruction. In-doc-tri-nate (in-d6k'tre x nate), v. t. To instruct in principles. In-doc'tri n na-ting, p. prs. *In-doc-tri-na-tion (inM6k-tre- na'shun), n. Instruction; in- formation. In-do-lence (ln'd6 v lense), n. La- ziness, inattention. In-do-lent (ln'd6 v lent), a. Lazy, listless ; in Medicine, painless, as an indolent tumor. [258-6.] In-do-lent-ly (in'doHent-le), ad. Carelessly, lazily. In-dom-i-ta-ble (In-d6m'e y ta-bl), a. Untamable, invincible. In-dorse. See endorse. In-du-bi-ous (ln-du'be x us), a. Not doubting, undoubted. *In-du-bi-ta-ble (ln-du'be v ta-bl), a. Undoubted, unquestioned. In-du-bi-ta-bly (in-du'beHa-ble), ad. Undoubtedly, certainly. In-duce (ln-dtise'), v. t. To per- suade; to influence; to insti- gate ; to cause ; to develop elec- tricity. [113-8.] [274-18.] In-du'cing, p. prs. In-duce-ment (in-duse'ment), n. Motive to any thing; incite- ment. [16-18.] [302-26.] *In-du-ci-ble (in-du'se x bl), a. Capable of being induced. In-duct (in-dukt'), v. t. To intro- duce; to put in possession of a benefice or office. In-duc-tile (in-duk'til), a. Not capable of being drawn out. In-duc-til-i-ty ('in-duk-til'le x te), n. Incapacity of being drawn out. In-duc-tion (in-duk'shun), n. In- troduction ; entrance into office ; a mode of reasoning from par- ticulars to generals ; develop- ment of electricity. j^t* Induction is a synthetic, deduction an analytic, process. In-duc-tion-al (in-duk'shun v al), a. Pertaining to induction. In-duc-tive (in-duk'tlv), a. Pro- ceeding by induction ; leading. In-duc-tive-ly (In-duk'tlvHe), ad. By induction. *In t -ert-ness (in-§rt'nes), j n ' Want of power or disposition to move ; sluggishness. In-ert-ly (In-ert'le), ad. Slug- gishly, dully. In-es-ti-ma-ble (In-eVte^ma-bl), a. Too valuable to be estimated. *lN-ES-Ti-MA-BLY(ln-§s't^ma-ble) ad. So as to be invaluable. *In-ev-i-ta-ble (In-eVeHa-bl), a. Unavoidable. [271.] lN-Ev-i-TA-BLE-NESS(in-eVe v ta-bl- Ws), n. The state of being inevitable. In-ev-i-ta-bly (In-S v'eHa-ble), ad. Without possibility of escape. 268 In-ex-cu-sa-ble (In-e'ks-ku'za- v bl), a. Not to be excused. iN-EX-CU-SA-BLE-NESS^n-eks-ku'- za v bl-nes), n. Enormity beyond excuse. In-ex-cu-sa-bly (ln-eks-ku'za- s h\h), ad. To a degree of guilt beyond excuse. In-ex-er-tion (In-egz-eVshun), n. Want of effort. *In-ex-ha-la-ble ( N ln-egz-ha'la- N bl), a. Not to be evaporated. In-ex-haust-ed (^In-e'gz-awst'e'd), a. Not emptied or spent. *lN-EX-HAUST-I-BLE( X in-^gZ-aWSt / - e N bl), a. Not to be spent; un- failing. [54-23.] [248-5.] In-ex-haust-i-ble-ness (In-egz- awst'e v bl-nes), n. The quality of being inexhaustible. lN-EX-HATJST-I-BLY( N in-e ! gZ-aWSt'£ x ble), ad. In an inexhaustible manner. [Want of being. In-ex-ist-ence (Hn-e'gz-lst'ense), n. In-ex-ist-ent (^n-^gz-ist'^nt), a. Not having being. In-ex-o-ra-bil-i-ty (In^ks-o-ra- bil'leHe), n. The state or quality of being inexorable. In-ex-o-ra-ble (in-eks'6 v ra-bl), a. Not to be moved by entreaty; implacable ; unrelenting. In-ex-o-ra-ble-ness (in-eks^ra- bPnes), n. Inexorability. In-ex-o-ra-bly (In-eks'oVa-bleO, ad. In an inexorable manner. In-ex-pe-di-ence (^in-Sks-pe'd^- N ense), n. Inexpediency. *In-ex-pe-di-en-cy (Hn-eks-pe'- de^n-se), n. Want of fitness or expedience. lN-EX-PE-Di-ENT( x ln-§ks-pe'de^nt), a. Unfit, improper, unsuitable. In-ex-pe-ri-ence (Hn-e'ks-pe're- x ense), n. Want of experimental knowledge. In-ex-pe-ri-en-ced ( x ln-eks-pe're- N enst), a. Not experienced. In-ex-pert (^in-e'ks-pe'rt'), a. Un- skilful. * In-ex-pi- a-ble (in-eks'pe N a-bl), a. Not to be atoned for. In-ex-pi-a-bly (In-^ks'pe^a-ble), ad. So as not to be atoned for. In-ex-pli-ca-ble (ln-£ks'ple x ka- bl), a. Incapable of being ex- plained; unaccountable. [142-9.] *In-ex-pli-ca-bly (in-£ks'ple v ka- ble), ad. So as not to be ex- plained. In-ex-pres-si-ble (In-Sks-preV- se x bl), a. Not to be uttered; indescribable. [142-37.] *lN-EX-PRES-si-BLY( v in-£ks-preV- se v ble), ad. Unutterably. In-ex-pres-sive (In-eks-preVsiv), a. Unmeaning, not significant. In-ex-tin-guish-a-ble (Hn-eks- ting'gwisl^a-bl )a. Unquench able. In-ex-tri-ca-ble (in-eks'tre v ka- bl), a. Not to be disentangled. *In-ex-tri-ca-bly (ln-3ks'tre x ka- ble), ad. In an inextricable manner. In-eye (ln-l r ), v. t. To inoculate, as a tree ; to bud. *In-ey'ing, p. prs. *In-fal-li-bil-i-ty (in'fal-le-bll'- le\e), n. Infallibleness. In-fal-li-ble-ness (in-fal'le N bl- nes), n. Exemption from error. In-fal-li-ble (in-fal'le v bl), a. In- capable of mistake. In-fal-li-bly (in-fal'le^ble), ad. With security from error; cer- tainly. [149-2.] f In-fa-mous (in'fa^mus), a. Scan- dalous; publicly branded with guilt; odious. [220-11.] In-fa-motjs-ly (InWmus-le), ad. With open reproach ; odiously. In-fa-my (in'fa v me), n. Ignominy, public reproach, notoriety of bad character. [370-21.] In-fan-cy (ln'fan x se), n. The first part of life ; beginning. In-fant (In'fant), n. A child under seven years of age ; a very young child; in Law, a person under twenty-one years of age. INF INF nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — Ml — pMnd — thin, this. INF In-fan-ta (In-fan'ta), n. In Spain and Portugal, any princess ex- cept the heiress-apparent. In-fan-te (in-fan't£), n. in Spain and Portugal, any prince except the heir-apparent. *In-fant-i-cide (ln-fant'e x stde), n. The murder, or murderer, of an infant. In-fan-tile (in'fanHlle), ) a In-fan-tine (in'fan y tlne), J Pertaining to infants; childish. In-fan-try (In'fanHre), n. pi. The foot-soldiers of an army. In-fat-u-ate (in-fatsh'u^ate), v. t. To strike with folly ; to deprive of understanding. [135-5.] In-fat' u v a-ting, p. prs. In-fat-u-a-tion (in x fatsh-u-a'- shun), n. Deprivation of reason; extreme folly. [259-18.] In-fea-si-bil-i-ty (in N fe-ze-bil'le- v te), n. Impracticability. *In-fea-si-ble (ln-fe'ze N bl), a. Impracticable. In-fect (In-fSkf), v. t. To taint with disease ; to poison ; to cor- rupt : to vitiate. In-fec-tion (in-fek'shun), n. Con- tagion [192] : — see contagion. *In-fec-tious (in-f£k'shus), a. Contagious; communicating dis- ease by contagion. In-fec-tious-ly (in-fek'shusle), ad. Contagiously, by infection. In-fec-tious-ness (in-fek'shus- x nes), n. Contagiousness. In-fe-cun-di-ty (Hn-fe-kun'de^teJ, n. Want of fertility. *In-fe-lic-i-ty ( v in-fe-lis , se A t£), n. Unhappiuess, misery, calamity. v In-fe-lic'i v ties, n. pi. In-fer (in-feV), v. t. To deduce; to draw conclusions ; to imply ; to conclude. [245.] *In-fer'ring, p. prs. *In-fer'red, p. prf. *In-fer-a-ble (In'feVa-bl), ) In-fer-ri-ble (In-fer're'bl), J a ' Deducible from premises. *In-fer-ence (In'feVense), n. De- duction ; conclusion drawn from previous arguments. [228-15.] *In-fe-ren- tial (In-fe-reVshal), a. Deducible by inferences. In-fe-ri-or (in-fe're ur), a. Sub ordinate ; lower in place, value, or station : — n., one in a lower rank or station. *lN-FE-Ri-0R-i-TY(in r fe-re-6r'eH i ), n. A state lower in dignity or value. In-fer-nal (In-fer'nal), a. Dia- bolical ; detestable [292-11]:— n., an inhabitant of hell. In-fer-nal-ly (in-fer'narie), ad, In an infernal manner. In-fer'ri v ble. See inferable. In-fer-tile (In-feVtil), a. Un- fruitful. In-fer-til-i-ty (^in-fer-dl'le'te), n, Unfruitfulness, barrenness. In-fest (in-fSsf), v. t. To dis- turb; to harass; to plague. [364-18.] In-fes-ta-tion (In-fes-ta'shun), n. Molestation, annoyance. In-fi-del (in'feMeU), n. An unbe- liever; a pagan; one who re- jects Christianity : — a., rejecting inspiration ; unbelieving. *In-fi-del-i-ty (ln-fe-deTle v t£), n. Disbelief in Christianity; un- faithfulness ; treachery. [300-10.] n In-fi-del'i x ties, n. pi. In-fil-ter (In-fil'tdr), v. U To filter in. In-fil-trate (in-fll'trate), v. t. To cause a fluid to enter a substance by the pores : — v. i., to enter by the pores. *In-fil'tra x ting, p. prs. In-fi-nite (in'fe^nit), a. Immense; unbounded ; illimitable ; circu- lating, as an infinite decimal. [46-28.] [178-16.] In-fi-nite-ly (in'fe v nit-le), ad. Without limits, immensely. In-fi-nite-ness (in'fe N nit-nes), n. Immensity. 23* *In-fin-i-tes-i-mal (in x fin-e-teVe- x mal), n. An infinitely small quantity: — a., infinitely small. *In-fin-i-tive (in-fin'e N tiv), a. Unlimited ; relating to that mood in which a verb is not limited in number or person. In-fin-i-tude (in-fin'eHude), n. Infinity, immensity. In-fin-i-ty (in-fln'e v te), n. Im- mensity; endless number. [82-13.] In-firm (in-ferm'), a. Feeble, weak. *In-firm-a-ry (in-fenn'a're), n. A hospital for the sick. In-firm' aeries, n. pi. lN-FiRM-i-TY(ln-ferm'e'te),n.Weak- ness, malady. [142-25.] [256-3.] *In-firm'i x ties, n. pi. In-firm-ness (in-fe'rm'nes), ». Weakness, feebleness. In-fix (in-fiks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, infixes.] To drive in, fasten. In-flame (in-flame'), v. t. To kindle; to provoke; to irritate: — v. *., to grow hot and painful. In-fla'ming, p. prs. *lN-FLAM-MA-BIL-I-TY(ln X flam-ma- bil'le v te), n. The quality of catch- ing fire. *In-flam-ma-ble (in-flam'ma x bl), a. Easily ignited; combustible. lN-FLAM-MA-BLE-NESS(in-flam'ma- ^bl-ne's), n. The quality of easily catching fire. *In-flam-ma-tion ( x in-flam-nia'- shun), n. The state of being in flame; a hot, red, and painful congestion. *In-flam-ma-tor-y (in-flam'ma- Hur-re), a. Tending to inflame; provoking anger or sedition. In-flate (in-flate'), v. t. To swell with wind; to puff up; to elate. In-fla'ting, p. prs. In-fla-tion (in-fla/shun), n. A swelling with wind or vanity; expansion of currency. In-flect (in-fle'kt'), v. t. To bend ; to change or vary the termina- tion of words ; to modulate. 269 INF INF Fate, far, fS.ll, fat— m£, m5t — pine, pin — n&, mSve, ing *In-flec-tion (In-fleVshun), n. The act of bending or turning; modulation of the voice ; varia- tion of the termination of words. In-flec-tive (in-fleVtlv), a. Ca- pable of inflection. *lN-FLEX-i-BiL-i-TY(in r fle i ks-&-bir'- le x t£), n. Inflexibleness. In-flex-i-ble-ness (in-flSks' ^bi- nds), n. Stiffness ; obstinacy ; inexorable persistence; firmness. In-flex-i-ble (in-fle'ks'e^bl), a. Not to be bent ; unyielding ; in- exorable; not to be changed. [91-11.] [220-13.] In-flex-i-bly (ln-fle ; ks'e r bl6), ad. Unchangeably, invariably. In-flict (In-flikt'), v. t. To im- pose as a punishment ; to lay on ; to apply. [135-21.]f In-flic-tion (in-fllk'shun), n. The act of inflicting ; punishment. In-flict-ive (In-flikt'iv), a. Tend- ing to inflict. *In-flo-res-cence (^In-flft-reV- se'nse), n. Collection of flowers on a plant or stem ; the act or mode of flowering. In-flu-ence (in'flu^nse), n. Mov- ing or directing power; effect; sway; bias (ap. p. — over, with, on, upon) [31] [236-4] :— v. t., to act upon with directive power; to persuade; to bias. [65-25.] In'flu x en-cing, p. prs. *In-flu-en-tial (In-flu-eVshal), a. Exerting influence or power. lN-FLU-EN-TIAL-LY( X in-flU-eVshal- v le), ad. In an influential manner. *In-flu-en-za (In-flu-Sn'za), n. An epidemic catarrh. In-flux (in'fluks), n. Act of flow- ing in ; that which flows in. In'flux n es, n. pi. *In-flux-ion (In-fluk'shun), n. Infusion, intromission. In-fold (in-f61d'), v. U To in- volve ; to inwrap. In-fo-li-ate (ln-f6'le x ate), v. t. To cover with leaves. 270 *In-fo'li^a-ting, p. prs. In-form (In-fdrm'), v. t. To in- struct; to acquaint with; to ap- prize of {ap. p. — of, about, con- cerning) : — v. i., to give informa- tion, (ap. p. — against.) In-form-al (ln-f5rm'al), a. Ir regular, not in the usual form. lN-F0R-MAL-i-TY( N in-f6r-mal'le x te), n. Want of the usual forms. •^In-for-malVties, n. pi. In-form-al-ly (in-fdrm'arie), ad. Without the usual form. *In-form-ant (In-fdrrn'ant), n. One who gives information; an informer. In-form-a-tion (In-ffom-a'shun), n. Intelligence given ; instruc- tion ; a charge or an accusation exhibited. In-form-er (In-fSrm'ur), n. One who gives intelligence. In-fract (In-frakt'), v. t. To break. In-frac-tion (in-frak'shun), n. The act of breaking ; breach. *In-frac-tor (in-frak'tur), n. A breaker ; a violator. *In-fran-gi-ble (in-fran'je N bl), a. Not to be broken. In-fre-quen-cy (in-fre'kweVse), n. Uncommonness, rarity. In-fre-quent (ln-fre'kwent), a. Rare, uncommon. In-fringe (In-frlnje'), v. t. To violate ; to break ; to transgress. In-frin'ging, p. prs. *In-fringe-ment (in-frlnje'me'nt), n. Breach, violation. In-fu-ri-ate (ln-fu're N ate), v. t. To enrage. [333-4.] In-fu'ri\i-ting, p. prs. In-fu-ri-ate (in-fu'relt), a. En- raged, raging. In-fus-cate (in-fus'kate), v. t. To darken ; to obscure. In-fus'ca x ting, p. prs. In-fuse (ln-fuze'), v. t. To pour in; to instil; to steep in liquor; to inspire. [116-12.] In-fu'sing, p. prs. In-fu-si-bil-i-ty (InYu-ze-bll '\K He), n. Capacity of being in- fused ; incapacity of being fused. *In-fu-si-ble (In-fu'ze^bl), a. Ca- pable of being infused ; incapa- ble of being melted or fused. In-fu-sion (In-fu'zhun), n. The act of pouring m, instillation. In-fu-sive (In-fu'siv), a. Having the power of infusion. *lN-Fu-so-Ri-A( x ln-fu-s6 , re x a).M.^^. Microscopic animals found in water. iN-GATH-ER-ING(ln-gaTH'uring)^. The act of getting in the hardest. *In-gel-A-ble (In-jeWbl), a. In- capable of being frozen. In-gem-i-nate (in-jem'e N nate), v. t. To double ; to repeat. In-gemVna-ting, p. prs. *In-gem-i-na-tion (in x je ! ra-e-na/- shun), n. Repetition, redupli- cation. In-gen-e-rate (in-jeVeVate), v. U To produce within. In-gen'er n a-ting, p. prs. In-gen-er-ate (in-jen'eVit), a. In- born, innate. In-ge-ni-ous (ln-je'ne x ds or in- jeen'yus), a. Witty, inventive, possessed of genius; of curious design or structure. [134-3.] [293-1.] In-ge-ni-ous-ly (in-je'ne x us-le or ln-jeen'yus x le),ap-pdr-tune'), a. Unseasonable, inconvenient. *In-op-por-tune-ly ( x ln-6p-p6r- tune'le), ad. Unseasonably. *In-or-di-na-cy (in-6r'de x na-se), n. Excess/irregularity, disorder. IN-OR'dI X NA-CIES, M. pi. In-or-di-nate (in-6r'de x nlt), a. Irregular, immoderate. [188-3.] In-or-di-nate-ly (in^rM^nit-le), ad. Irregularly. In-or-di-nate-ness (in-6r'de x nit- nes), n. Excess; irregularity; disorder. In-or-gan-ic ( x in-5r-gan'lk), lN-OR-GAN-i-cAL( x in-6r-gan r e x kal), a. Void of organs or instru- mental parts. In-os-cu-late (in-os'ku x late), v. i. To unite by contact, as blood- vessels : — v. t., to cause to unite, as bloodvessels. In-os'cu x la-ting, p. prs. *In-os-cu-la-tion (ln x 6s-ku-la'- shun), n. Union by conjunction of extremities. In-quest (In'kwest), n. Judicial inquiry; a jury, particularly a coroner's. *In-qui-e-tude (in-kwl'e x tude), n. Disturbed state, want of quiet. In-quire (in-kwire'), v. t. To ask about ; to seek out : — v. i., to seek for information ; to ask questions (ap. p. — about, of a person, for or after what we wish to obtain or hear of): — often writ- ten enquire. In-qui'ring, p. prs. In-qui-rer (in-kwi'rur), n. A searcher, examiner. In-qui-ry (in-kwi're), n. Interro gation, examination. [263-4.] In-qui'ries, n. pi. In-qui-si-tion (In-kwe-zish'un), n. Judicial inquiry; a court for the detection and punishment of In-quis-i-tive (in-kwiz'eHiv), a. Curious, prying, f In-quis-i-tive-ly (in-kwiz'e x tiv- le), ad. With curiosity. In-quis-i-tive-ness (ln-kwiz'e- Hlv-nes), n. Curiosity. In-quis-i-tor (in-kwiz'e x tur), n An officer in the courts of in- quisition. *In-quis-i-to-ri-al ( x ln-kwiz-e- t6're x al), a. Pertaining to in- quisition or inquisitors. In-rail (in-rale'), v. t. To enclose with rails. In-road (in'r6de), n. Incursion ; encroachment, [ap. p. — into.) [204-12.] *In-sa-ltj-bri-ous ( x ln-sa-lu'bre- x us), a. Unhealthy, unwholesome. In-sa-ltt-bri-ty (In-sa-lu'bre'te), n. Unwholesomeness. *In-san-A-ble (in-san'a x bl), a. Incurable, irremediable. In-sane (in-sane'), a. Mad, crazy. In-sane-ly (In-sane'le), ad. With- out reason, madly. In-san-i-ty (in-san'eHe), n. Mad- ness, mental derangement, alienation. In-sa-ti-a-ble (in-sa/she x a-bl), a. Greedy beyond measure. [35-10.] [220-16.] In-sa-ti-a-ble-ness (in-sa/she x a- bl v nes), n. Excessive greediness. In-sa-ti-a-bly (in-sa'she x a-bl£), ad. With excessive greediness. *In-sa-ti-ate (ln-sa'she x it), a. Greedy so as not to be satisfied. In-sa-ti-ate-ly (in-sa'she x it-le), ad. So as not to be satisfied. *In-sa-ti-e-ty (In-sa-ti'eHe), n. Excessive greediness. lN-SAT-u-RA-BLE(in-satsh / u x ra-bl), a. Not to be filled or saturated. In-scribe (ln-skribe')> v. t. To write on ; to dedicate to a patron. In- scribing, p. prs. In-scrip-tion (In-skrip'shun), n. The act of inscribing; address; title; something written or en- graved. [22-4.] In-scrip-tive (in-skrlp'tiv), a. Bearing inscription. *In-scroll (in-skr61e'), v. t. To write on a scroll. In-scru-ta-bil-i-ty (in x skr&6-ta- bil'le x t&), n. Unsearchableness. *lN-scRU-TA-BLE(in-skr66 / ta x bl),a. Unsearchable. [141-24.] 273 INS INS Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — m£, met — pine, pin — no, move, INS In-scru-ta-ble-ness (ln-skr&&'ta- N bl-nes), n. Unsearchableness. In-scru-ta-bly (in-skr66'ta x ble), ad. So as not to be found out. In-seam (in-seem'), v. U To im- press or mark by a seam. *In-sec-a-ble (in-sek'a x bl), a. Incapable of being cut. In-sect (in'sekt), n. A small creeping or flying animal ; any thing small or contemptible: — a., of the nature of insects. * In-sec-tile (In-sek'tll), a. Hav- ing the nature of insects. In-sec-tion (In-s^k'shun), w. An incision. *In-sec-tiv-o-rous ( y in-sek-tlv'o- Vus), a. Feeding on insects. In-se-cure (In-se-kure'), a. Not secure, not safe ; hazardous. In-se-cure-ly (In-se-kure'le), ad. Unsafely, hazardously. In-se-cu-ri-ty ( v ln-se-kti'reHe), n. Want of safety, danger. *In-sen-sate (In-sen'sit), a. Dull, stupid ; senseless. *"In-sen-si-bil-i-ty (in^sen-se-bil'- leHe), n. Stupidity, torpor; in- difference ; want of affection. In-sen-si-ble (ln-sen'se y bl), a. Imperceptible ; void of feeling ; indifferent, (ap.p. — to, of.) [81.] [283-4.] In-sen-si-ble-ness (in-sen'se^bl- nes), n. Insensibility. In-sen-si-bly (ln-sen'se N ble), ad. Imperceptibly. [170-2.] *In-sen-ti-ent (ln-sen r she x ent), a. Not having perception. lN-SEP-AR-A-BLE(ln-sep'ar x a-bl),a. United so as not to be parted. (ap. p. — from.) In-sep-ar-a-ble-ness (in-sep'ar- 'a-bPnes), n. The quality of being inseparable. In-sep-ar-a-bly (ln-sep'ar N a-ble), ad. With indissoluble union. f In-sert (ln-serf), v. t. To place in or among other things; to thrust in.f 274 In-ser-tion (in-seVshun), n. The act of placing in or among other matter; the thing inserted; the place where inserted, as muscles. In-shrine. See enshrine. In-side (in'side), n. Interior part. *In-sid-i-ous (in-sid'e'us or in- sld'yus), a. Sly, treacherous. In-sid-i-ous-ly (in-sid'e x us-le or in-sid'yus^le), ad. In a sly and treacherous manner. In-sld-i-ous-ness (ln-sld^ds-nes or in-sid'yus v nes), n. Cunning, treachery. In-sight (Incite), n. , Inspection; knowledge. In-sig-ni-a (in-slg'ne y a), n. pi. Distinguishing marks of office or honor. *In-sig-nif-i-cance ( N ln-slg-nif'e- ^kanse), n. Want of meaning or importance. In-sig-nif-i-can-cy (In-slg-nlfe- y kan-se), n. Insignificance. In-sig-nip-i-cant (In-sig-nlf'e- \kant), a. Wanting meaning ; unimportant ; contemptible. [56-8.] [186-2.] In-sig-nif-i-cant-ly (Hn-slg-nlfe- x kant-le), ad. Without meaning or importance. In-sin-cere (ln-sin-sere'), a. Dis- sembling, deceptive, unfaithful. *In-sin-cere-ly (ln-sin-sere'le), ad. Without sincerity. In-sin-cer-i-ty (In-sln-seVeHe), n. Deceitfulness ; dissimulation. In-sin-u-ate (in-sin'u x ate), v. t. To introduce gently ; to hint; to in- fuse : — v. i., to wheedle ; to gain on the affections by gentle de- grees; to creep or wind in. {ap. p.— into.) [282-20.] *In-sin'u n a-ting, p. prs. In-sin-u-a-tion (in\sin-u-a'shun), n. The power of pleasing or stealing upon the affections ; an intimation. In-sin-u-a-tor (4n-sin'u y a-tur), n. One who intimates. In-sip-id (in-sipld), a. Without taste ; fiat, dull, spiritless. *In-si-pid-i-ty (ln-se-pld'e N te), ) In-sip-id-ness (ln-slp'ld y nes), J n. Want of taste or spirit; the state or quality of being insipid. In-sip-id-ly (in-slp'ld^e), ad. Without taste or spirit. In-sist (in-slst'), v. i. To stand or rest upon; to persist in; to press; to urge. (ap. p. — on, upon.) [114-10.] [321-12.] In-sist-ent (in-sist'ent), a. Rest- ing upon. *In-si-tion (in-slsh'dn), n. The insertion of a scion ; a graft. In-snare (ln-snare'), v. t. To en- trap ; to inveigle ; to take in a snare : — often written ensnare. In-sna'ring, p. prs. In-snar-er (in-snar'ur), n. One who insnares. In-so-bri-e-ty ( > ln-s6-bri'e N te) r n. Drunkenness, intemperance* In-so-late (ln's6 > late), v. t. To dry in the sun. •^In'so^la-ting, p. prs. *In-so-lence (in'sd^nse), n. Haughtiness mixed with con- tempt; impudence. [283-21.] In-so-lent (in's6 v lent), a. Con- temptuous,overbearing,insulting. In-so-lent-ly (ln's6 v lent-le), ad. Haughtily, rudely. In-so-lid-i-ty fin-sft-lid'e^), n. Want of solidity, weakness. In-sol-u-bil-i-ty (ln x s6l-u-bll'le- He), n. State of being insoluble. *In-sol-u-ble (in-s61'u y bl), a. Not to be dissolved. In-solv-a-ble (in-s61v'a y bl), a. Admitting of no solution. In-solv-en-cy (ln-s61v'en y se), n. Inability to pay debts. *In-solv'en x cies, n. pi. In-solv-ent (ln-s61v'ent), a. Un- able to pay : — n., one unable to pay his debts. *In-som-ni-ous (In-som'neMs), a. Restless, sleepless. INS INS nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, thIs. INS *In-so-much ( x in-s6-mutsh'), ad. So that ; to such a degree. Ix-spect (in-spekt'), v. t. To look into by way of examination; to superintend; to view. In-spec-tion (in-spek'shun), n. Close survey; superintendence; examination. (ap. p. — prying into, superintendence over.) *In-spect-or (In-spe'kt'ur), n. A superintendent, an overseer. In-spect-or-ship (in-spekt'ur- ^ship), n. The office of an in- spector. In-sphere (in-sfere'), v. t. To place in an orb or sphere. *In-sphe'ring, p. pr8. In-spi-ra-ble (in-spl'ra x bl), Capable of being inspired. *In-spi-ra-tion ( v in-spe-ra'shun), n. The act of drawing in the breath; an exciting influence infusion of ideas into the mind by a superior power. [27-10.] [198-15.] In-spire (ln-spire'), v. i. To draw in the breath : — v. t., to breathe into; to infuse into the mind; to infuse ideas ; to animate by the influence of the Holy Spirit, [15-5.] [66-31.] [216.] In-spi'ring, p. prs. In-spir-er (in-splr'ur), n. One who inspires. *In-spir-it (In-spir'it), v. t. 'To animate; to invigorate; to cheer. In-spis-sate (in-spis'sate), v. t. To thicken, as liquids. **In-spis's acting, p. prs. Ix-spis-sa-tion (In-spis-sa'shun), n. Act of making a liquid thick, In-sta-bil-i-ty (In-sta-bil'le'te), n. Fickleness, unsteadiness. In-sta-ble (In-sta'bl), a. Incon stant, unsteady, changing. Ix-stall (in-stal'), v. t. To place in an office or rank. In-stal-la-tion (In-stal-la'shun ) 1N-STALL-MENT ) /a 4 » T/ A .x .„ T > (in-stal'ment),». •^In-stal-ment j v " The act of installing ; part of a sum of money which is to be paid from time to time. In-stance (in'stanse), n. Impor- tunity ; solicitation ; motive, in- fluence ; example ; occasion [125-10] [190-23]:— v. i., to give an example. *In' standing, p. prs. In-stant (in'stant), a. Pressing, urgent, quick : — n., a moment ; the present month: — see moment. *In-stan-ta-ne-ous fin-stan-ta'- ne x us), a. Done in an instant; speedy. In-stan-ta-ne-ous-ly ( x ln-stan- ta'ne x us-le), ad. In an instant ; at the moment. *In-stan-ter (in-stan'tur), j In-stant-ly (In'stantHe), J ad. Immediately. q In-star' v. t. To set with stars. In-starr'ing, p. prs. In-starr'ed, p. prf. In-state (In-state'), v. t. To place in a certain condition or state. In-sta'ting, p. prs. *In-stau-ra-tion ( r ln-staw-ra'- shun), n. Restoration, renewal. In-stead (in-sted'), ad. In the room, in the place, (ap. p. — of.) 7^" Instead had better be re- garded as two words, in and STEAD In-steep (In-steep'), v. t. To soak ; to macerate. In-step (in'ste'p), n. The upper part of the foot, *In-sti-gate (in'ste^gate), v. t. To urge to ill ; to incite. In'sti^ga-ting, p. prs. In-sti-ga-tion ( v in-ste-ga'shun), n, Incitement to evil. *In-sti-ga-tor (ln'ste N ga-tur), n. One who incites to evil, *In-stil I (In-stir), v. t. To in Act of giving possession of j In-still j fuse by drops ; to en- an office with ceremonies. force by repetition. *lN-STIL-LA-TION(ln-Stll-la'shun), n. Act of pouring in by drops ; act of infusing slowly into the mind. In-stinct (in'stingkt), n. The natural impulse which deter- mines the will of brutes : natural desire or aversion. [113.] [266-23.] In-stinct (in-stingkt'), a. Moved from within, animated, actuated. In-stinct-ive (in-stingkt'iv), a. Acting without the application or choice of reason ; prompted by instinct. [123-27.] [258-22.] *In-stinct-ive-ly (In-stingkt'iv- N le), ad. By instinct. In-sti-tute (in'ste N tute), v. t. To fix ; to found ; to establish ; to appoint; to instruct: — n., estab- lished law, settled order; pre- cept, maxim, principle; a lite- rary or philosophical society, f *In'sti^tu-ting, p. prs. In-sti-tu-tion (In-ste-tu'shun), n. Establishment; positive law: education. [68-5.] [380-5.] In-sti-tu-tion-al (In-ste-tu'shun- r al), a. Containing first principles. -In-sti-tu-tive (in'ste x tu-tiv), a. Able to establish. *In-sti-tu-tor (in'steHu-tur), n. One who establishes ; an in- structor. In-struct (In-strukt'), v. t. To teach ; to educate ; to form by precept; to direct; to inform. (ap. p. — in.) In-struc-tion (in-struk'shun), n. The act of teaching, information, education, advice. In-struct-ive (In-strukt'iv), a. Conveying knowledge. In-struct-ive-ly (In-strukt'iv^le), ad. So as to convey knowledge. In-struct-ive-ness (In-strukt'lv- ^ne^s), 7i. Power of instructing. In-struct-or (In-strukt'ur), u. A teacher. In-strtjct-ress (In-strukt'res), n. A female who instructs. 275 INS INS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, INT -In-struct / ress x es, n. pi. Ix-stru-ment (In'stru^me'nt), n. A tool; a machine; that by which an effect is produced ; an organ j a writing containing a contract or order. [55-13.] [219-4.] In-stru-ment-al (In-stru-me'nt'- al), a. Conducive as means to some end; aiding. *In-stru-ment-al-i-ty fln-stru- m&nt-al'le^te), n. Subordinate agency; agency of any kind. [61-24.] ^In-stru-ment-alVties, n. pi. In-stru-ment-al-ly ( v ln-stru- mdnt'arie), ad. As means to an end; by use of an instrument. lN-suB-JEC-TioN( N in-sub-jek / shun), n. State of disobedience. *In-sub-or-di-na-tion ( v in-sub- v 6r-d^-na'shun), n. Disobedience. *In-suf-fer-a-ble (ln-suffur y a- bl), a. Intolerable,not to be borne. In-suf-fer-a-bly (in-suffur x a- ble), ad. Beyond endurance. #In-suf-fi-cien-cy ( v in-suf-flsh'- eVse), n. Inadequacy to an end or purpose, deficiency. In-suf-fi-cient (In-suf-fish'ent), a. Inadequate to a need or pur- pose ; wanting abilities. In-suf-fi-cient-ly (ln-suf-fish'- £nt x l&), ad. Inadequately. *In-su-lar (ln'su N lar or in'shu- N lar), a. Belonging to an island ; surrounded by water. #In-su-lar-i-ty (In-su-lar'eHe or ^In-shu-lar'eHe), n. State of be- ing an island. In-su-late (ln'su N late or In'shu- x late), v. t. To separate from contact. *In'su n la-ting, p. pr%. *Ix-su-la-tor (in'su N la-tur or in'- shii x la-tur), n. That which in- sulates. In-sult (in'sult), n. Act of in- solence, gross abuse. In-sult (In-sult'), v. t. To treat with insolence or gross abuse. 276 In-sult-er (In-sult'ur), n. One who insults. In-sult-ing-ly (in-sult'lng x le), ad. With contemptuous triumph. In-su-per-a-bil-i-ty (in x su-per-a- bil'le x te), n. The quality of be- ing invincible ; invincibility. lN-su-PER-A-BLE(in-su'peVa-bl),a. Not to be overcome. In-su-per-a-ble-ness (In-su'per- ^a-blWs), n. Invincibleness. In-su-per-a-bly (in-sii'peVa-ble), ad. Invincibly, insurmountably. *lN-SUP-P0RT-A-BLE( X in-SUp-p6rt / - a x bl), a. Intolerable, insuffera- ble, not to be endured. [274-14.] In-sup-port-a-ble-ness ( N ln-sup- p6rt'a > bl-n^s), n. State of be- ing insupportable. In-sup-port-a-bly ( x in-sup-p6rf- a y ble), ad. Beyond endurance. *lN-sup-PRES-si-BLE(ln-sup-preV se^bl), a. Not to be suppressed. In-sur-A-ble (in-shur'a'bl), a. Capable of being insured; fit to be insured. ; *In-sur-ance (In-shur'anse), n. The act of securing against loss or damage; money paid to secure against loss; security against loss. In-sure (in-shure'), v. t. To se- cure against loss or damage; to make sure : — v. i., to underwrite. In-su'ring, p. prs. In-sur-er (in-shur'ur), n. One who insures. *In-sur-gent (in-sur'je'nt), n. One who resists the public au- thority: — a., rebellious. In-sur-mount-a-ble (In-sur- rnMnt'a x bl), a. Not to be over- come ; unconquerable. [238-10.] In-sur-mount-a-bly ( x in-sur- mMntTble), ad. Invincibly; unconquerably, insuperably. lN-suR-REC-TiON(ln-sur-r^k / shun) n. Seditious rising, rebellious commotion ; revolt. [53-32.] In-sur-rec-tion-al ( N ln-sur-rek'~ shun v al), a. Insurrectionary. *In-sur-rec-tion-a-ry ( x ln-sur- rSk'shun^-re), a. Relating to insurrection. -In-sus-cep-ti-ble (In-sus-sgp'- te x bl), a. Not capable of feeling, or of being affected. *In-tagl-io (ln-tal'y6), n. Any thing that has figures engraved on it ; a precious stone, or sculp- ture, the figures of which are sunken : — opposed to cameo and relief. In-tan-gi-bil-i-ty (inHan-je-bll'- leHeJ, n. State of being in- tangible ; imperceptibleness. *In-tan-gi-ble (in-tan'je N bl), a. Imperceptible to the touch. *In-te-ger (ln'te v jur), n. The whole of any thing; a whole number. In-te-gral (in'te^gral), a. Whole; not broken into fractions; com- plete, uninjured : — n., the whole made up of parts ; an entire thing. In-te-grant (In't^grant), a. Ne- cessary for making up an integer. In-te-grate (in'te^grate), v. t. To make entire. In'te x gra-ting, p. prs. In-te-gra-tion ( v in-te-gra'shun),n. The act of making entire. In-teg-ri-ty (in-teVre N te), n. En- tireness; honesty; purity; up- rightness. [54-12.] [243-15.] In-teg-u-ment (In-teg'u'in^nt), n. A covering; a membrane. In-tel-lect (In'teTle'kt), n. The power of understanding ; the understanding. [32-27.] [349-1.] *In-tel-lect-ive (In-tel-le'kt'iv), a. Having power to understand. In-tel-lec-tion (In-tel-lek'shun), n. The act of understanding; perception of ideas. lN-TEL-LECT-u-AL(ln-te : l-le ! k'tshu- ' x al), a. Relating to the under- standing; mental. [180-21.] ^iN-TEL-LECT-U-AL-LY^In-tel-leV- tshu x al-le), ad. By means of the intellect. INT INT ndr, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611— p5und—«Ain, THis. INT *In-tel-li-gence (in-tel'le^nse), n. Commerce of information ; notice ; spirit ; skill ; under- standing. [65-21.] [3800 *In-tel-li-gen-cer (ln-tel'l^jen- sur), n. One who conveys news; one who gives notice of private or distant transactions ; a news- paper. In-tel-li-gent (In-tel'le^jent), a. Instructed, knowing, skilful. [54-21.]t In-tel-li-gent-ly (ln-teTle x jent- le), ad. In an intelligent manner. In-tel-li-gi-bil-i-ty (InHel-le-je- bil'leHe), n. Intelligibleness. In-tel-li-gi-ble (in-tel'le x je-bl), a. To be conceived by the under- standing; plain, clear. *In-tel-li-gi-ble-ness (In-tel'le- ^je-brnes), n. Possibility to be understood. *lN-TEL-Li-Gi-BLY(ln-teTle v je-ble), ad. Clearly, plainly; so as to be understood. [316-26.] iN-TEM-PER-ANCE(ln-tem'per'anse) n. Want of moderation, excess, y habitual indulgence. In-tem-per-ate (In-tem'peYlt), a. Immoderate. *In-tem-per-ate-ly (In-tem'per- It-le), ad. Immoderately, with excess. In-tem-per-ate-ness (in-tem'per- It-nes), n. Want of modera- tion, intemperance. In-tend (in-tend'), v. t. To mean ; to design ; to purpose. [220-7.] In-tend-an-cy (ln-tend'an v se), n. The office or district of an in- tendant. In-tend' an^cies, n. pi. In-tend-ant (in-tend'ant), n. An overseer ; a mayor of a city. In-ten-er-a-tion (InHen-er-a'- shun), n. The act of softening or making tender. In-tense (in-tense'), a. Raised to a high degree ; strained ; vehe- ment. [80-17.] [296-11.] In-tense-ly (in-tense'le), ad. To a great degree. *In-tense-ness (in-te'nse'nes), n. The state of being affected to a high degree. In-ten-si-fy (In-ten'seYi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, INTENSIFIES.] To make intense. In-ten'siVi-ed, p. prf. *In-ten-sion (in-ten'shtin), n. The act of forcing or straining. In-ten-si-ty (in-ten'se'te), n. In- tenseness, excess. f *In-ten-sive (in-ten'slv), a. In tent ; strained ; adding force. In-ten-sive-ly (in-ten'slv^le), ad. To a great degree. In-tent (in-tent'), «. Anxiously diligent; eager, earnest (ap. p, —on, upon) [114-34] [315-18] : — n., a design, a purpose. *In-ten-tion (in-ten'shun), n. De- sign, purpose. [115-3.] [382-19.] In-ten-tion-al (ln-ten'shun N al), a. Designed, done by design. In-ten-tion-al-ly (in-teVshuVal- le), ad. By design, purposely. In-tent-ly (In-tent'le), ad. With close application, closely, fix edly, earnestl} 7 . In-tent-ness (in-te'nt'ne's), n. Anxious application; state of being intent. In-ter (In-teV), v. t. To bury.f ^In-ter'ring, p. prs. In-ter'red, p. prj\ In-ter-am-ni-an ( v in-ter-am'ne- x an), a. Between rivers. In-ter-ca-lar (In-ter'kalar), a. Intercalary. *In-ter-cal-a-ry (ln-ter'ka r la-r£ or ^n-ter-kal'aVe), a. Inserted out of the common order to pre- serve the equation of time ; as, the 29th of February, in a leap- year, is an intercalary day. In-ter-ca-late (In-teV karate or In'ter-kaHate), v. t. To insert an extraordinary day. *In-ter'ca x la-ting, p. prs. U In-ter-ca-la-tion (in x ter-ka-la'- shun), n. Insertion of days out of the ordinary reckoning. In-ter-cede ( N in-ter-sede'), v. i. To pass between ; to act between two parties: to interpose. x In-ter-ce'ding, p. prs. In-ter-ce-dent (In-teT-se'dent), a. Mediating. ••■In-ter-ce-der (In-te'r-se'dur), n. One who intercedes; a mediator. In-ter-cept (In-te'r-sept'), v. t. To stop and seize in the way ; to cut off; to obstruct. [55.] *In-ter-cep-tion (ln-ter-sep'- shun), n. Obstruction; seizure by the way. lN-TER-CES-siON( N in-ter-sesh'un),«. In terposition,mediation. [108-9.] In-ter-ces-sor (In-t&r-seYsur), n. A mediator. In-ter-ces-sor-y (In-ter-ses'suT- Ve), a. Containing intercession. *In-ter-chain ( x in-ter-tshane'), v.t. To chain; to link together. In-ter-change (in'ter x tshanje), n. Mutual change ; commerce. In-ter-change ( v ln-ter-tshauje), v. t. To give and take mutually; to succeed alternately. * x In-ter-chan'ging, p. prs. *In-ter-change-a-bil-i-ty fin- terHshanje-a-bil'le'te), n. The state of being interchangeable. *In-ter-change-a-ble ( v in-ter- tshanje'a x bl), a. Capable of interchange. In-ter-change-a-bly (In-ter- tshanje'a x ble), ad. Alternately, by interchange. In-ter-change-ment (In-tSr- tshanje'ment), n. Interchange. *In-ter-cip-i-ent ( x in-ter-sip'&- v ent), a. Intercepting. In-ter-clude ( v in-ter-klu.de'), v. i. To shut out; to intercept; to in- terrupt. * n In-ter-clu'ding, p. prs. In-ter-com-mon ( v in-ter-k6m'mun) v. t. To feed at the same table. 277 INT INT Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, met — pine, pin — no, move, INT In-ter-com-mu-nt-cate (In-t&r- k6m-mu'ne v kate), v. U To com- municate mutually. ^In-ter-com-mu'niYia-ting, p. prs. In-ter-com-mun-ion ( v ln-ter-kom- mun'yun),n. Mutual communion. #In-ter-cos-tal ( x in-ter-k&s'tal), a. Placed between the ribs. In-ter-course (in'ter x k6rse), n. Commerce; communication; ac- quaintance, fellowship. [258-9.] *In-ter-cur-rence (Hn-ter-kur'- r§nse), n. Passage between. *In-ter-cur-rent fln-t^r-kdr'- rent), a. Running between. In-ter-dict (In'terMikt), n. Pro- hibition. *In-ter-dict (In-ter-dikt'), v. t. To forbid ; to prohibit ; to hinder. In-ter-dic-tion ( x ln-tgr-dik'shun), n. Prohibition ; a curse. In-ter-dic-tive ( x in-ter-dlk't!v), a. Relating to a prohibition. In-ter-dic-tor-y (In-ter-dik'tur- \h), a. Interdictive. *In-ter-est (in'teVest), n. Con- cern, advantage; influence ex- erted ; participation ; money paid for use [63-9] [380] :— v. t., to concern; to affect; to give a share in; to engage attention. (ap.p.— in, for.) [81-17.] [277-4.] Ix-TER-FERE(ln-ter-feer , ),v. i. To interpose; to clash; to meddle. (ap. p.— with.) [150-27.] x In-ter-fe'ring, p. prs. *In-ter-fe-rence fin-ter-fe'- rense), n. An interposing; an intermeddling, mediation. In-ter-flu-ent (in-teVflu x ent), a. Flowing between. *In-ter-ful-gent (ln-ter-ful'- jent), a. Shining between. In-ter-fu-sed (In-t^r-fuzd'), a. Poured or scattered between. *In-ter-im (In'teVim), n. .Mean- time, intervening time. *In-te-ri-or (ln-te're v ur), a. In- ternal, lying within : — «., inland country. 278 *In-ter-ja-cen-cy (ln-t£r-ja'sen N se), n. The act or state of lying between. In-ter-ja-cent ( x ln-ter-ja's§nt), a. Intervening, lying between. In-ter-ject (In-teT-jekf), v. t. To throw between: — v. i. y to come between. *In-ter-jec-tion ( x ln-t§r-jek'- shun), n. A sudden exclama- tion ; a part of speech. *In-ter-jec-tion-al pln-teVjek'- shun x al), a. Thrown between words or phrases. In-ter-lace ( x in-ter-lase'), v. t. To intermix ; to plait together. ^In-ter-la'cing, p. prs. In-ter-lard (In-te'r-lard'), v. t. To interpose; to intermix. In-ter-leaf (in'teYleef), n. A leaf inserted between leaves. Interleaves, n. pL *In-ter-leave (In-ter-leev'), v. t. To insert blank leaves between the other leaves of a book. x In-ter-leav'ing, p. prs. In-ter-line (In-ter-llne'), v. t. To write between lines ; to correct by something written between the lines. x In-ter-li'ning, p. prs. In-ter-lin-e-ar (in-te'r-lln'e^ar), a. Written between lines. *In-ter-lin-e-a-tion ( x in-ter v lln- e-a'shun), n. Correction made by writing between the lines. In-ter-link (ln-ter-lingk'), v. t. To join one in another. In-ter-lo-ca-tion ( v ln-t§r-16-ka'- shun), n. A placing between. In-ter-lock (Hn-te'r-lok'), v. t. To flow into one another; to em- brace. In-ter-lo-cu-tion ( v ln-ter-16-ku'- shun), n. Dialogue. 6 *In-ter-loc-u-tor (In-ter-l&k'u- x tur), n. One who talks with another. *In-ter-loc-u-tor-y (Mn-ter-l&k'- u x tur-re),a. Consisting of dialogue. In-ter-lope (In-ter-^peO, v. i« To run between parties and in- tercept the advantage that one should gain from the other. * x In-ter-lo'ping, p. prs. In-ter-lo-per ( x in-t^r-16'pur), n. One who runs into business to which he has no right; an in- intruder.- *In-ter-lu-cent (In-te'r-lu'se'nt), a. Shining between. In-ter-lude (in'teVlude), n. A farce, or theatrical performance between the acts of a play. In-ter-lu-nar (In-ter-lu/nar), re. Belonging to the time when the moon is invisible. In-ter-lu-na-ry (In-te'r-lu'naVe), a. Interlunar. *In-ter-mar-riage (ln-ter-mar'- rije), n. Reciprocal marriage between families. In-ter-mar-ry ( v in-ter-mar're), v. i. [prs. t. 3, intermarries.] To marry some of each family with the other. "^In-ter-mar'ri-ed, p. prf. In-ter-med-dle ( x in-te : r-med'dl), v. i. To interpose officiously; to meddle with the affairs of others. {ap.p. — with.) ^In-ter-med'dling, p. prs. In-ter-med-dler ( x in-te>-med'- dlur), n. One who intermeddles. In-ter-me-di-al (ln-ter-me'de'a; ), i. Intermediate. *In-ter-me-di-ate (In-tlr-me'de- It), a. Intervening. [77-8. w *lN-TER-ME-DI-ATE-LY(ln-t§r-me / - delt-le), ar/. By way of mediation. In-ter-me-di-a-tion ( x ln-teVme de-a'shun), n. The act of me diating, interposition. In-ter-me-di-um (In-ter-me'de- x um), n. That which intervenes. In-ter-me'di x a, ) n L In-ter-me'di x ums, ) ' " q In-tI2r'm4nt, n. Burial. In-ter-mi-na-ble (In-teVme'na- bl), a. Immense; endless. INT INT n6r, n6t — tube, tAb, bull— Ml — pound — ^in, this. INT #In-ter-mi-na-bly (In-ter'me^na ble),ad.Boundlessly, without end. In-ter-min-gle ( x in-ter-ining'gl), v. t. To mingle ; to mix some things among others : — v. i., to be mixed or incorporated, {ap, p. — with.) x In-ter-min'gling, p. prs, In-ter-mis-sion (In-ter-mlsh'un), n. Pause ; intervenient time ; state of being intermitted; in- terval. In-ter-mis-sive (Hn-te'r-mls'slv), a. Coming by fits, not continual. In-ter-mit (Mii-ter-mit'), v. t. To forbear for a time; to interrupt: — v. i., to cease for a time. ^In-ter-mit'ting, p. prs, ^In-ter-mit'ted, p. prf. *Ix-TER-MiT-TENT( v ln-teVmlt'te , nt), a. Coming at intervals : — n., a fever that intermits. In-ter-mix (In-te'r-miks'), v. t. [pr8. t. 3, INTERMIXES.] To mingle; to join : — v. i. } to be min- gled together, {ap. p. — with.) In-ter-mix-ture (In-teV-miks'- tshur), n. A mixture. In-ter-mun-dane (In-te'r-mun'- dane), a. Being between worlds. In-ter-mu-ral (l.n-ter-mu'ral), a. Lying between walls. In-ter-nal (in-ter'nal), a. In- ward; intrinsic; not foreign: — opposed to external. In-ter-nal-ly (in-teVnal v le), ad. Inwardly; mentally. In-ter-na-tion-al (In-ter-na'- shun v al), a. Pertaining to the mutual intercourse of nations. *In-ter-nun-ci-o (In-ter-niin'she- v 6), n. A messenger between two parties; an envoy of the Pope. *In-ter-pel-la-tion (InHe'r-pel- la'shun), n. A summons; an address. In-ter-pen-e-trate (Hn-ter-peV- e x trate),v. t. To penetrate between. Mn-ter-pen'e x tra-ting, p. prs. In-ter-plead (In-ter-pleed'), v. t. [interpleaded or interpled — interpleaded or interpled.] In Law, to discuss a preliminary point. In-ter-po-late (ln-ter'p6 y late or in , ter-p6 v late), v. t. To foist any thing into a place to which it does not belong. In-ter'po n la-ting, p. prs. *In-ter-po-la-tion (inHer-po-la'- shun or In-teV-pft-la'shun), n Something put into the original matter ; the insertion of spurious words in a writing. *In-ter-po-la-tor (in-ter'p6 v la tur or ln'ter-p6 v la-tur), n. One who foists in counterfeit passages, In-ter-po-sal (ln-ter-p6'zal), n. Interposition ; intervention ; a coming between. In-ter-pose ( v in-ter-p6ze')> v. t. To thrust in as an obstruction, interruption, or inconvenience to interfere ; to place between : — v. i., to mediate; to act be- tween two parties. [260-3.] x In-ter-po'sing, p. prs. In-ter-po-ser ( v ln-ter-pd'zur), n. An intervenient agent,a mediator. In-ter-po-si-tion (in v ter-p6-zish'- un), n. Agency between par- ties; mediation. [57-24.] In-ter-pret (in-ter'pret), v. t. To explain ; to translate ; to ex- pound. [301-27.] *In-ter-pret-a-ble (in-ter'pret- v a-bl), a. Capable of being in- terpreted. In-ter-pre-ta-tion (in v ter-pre-ta'- shiin), n. Explanation; expo- sition ; translation. -In-ter-pret-a-tive (in-ter'pret- a v tiv), a. Explanatory. *In-ter-pret-er (In-ter'pretMr), n. An expositor; one who in- terprets. [158.] ^iN-TER-PUNC-TioNfln-ter-pungk'- shun), n. A pointing between words and sentences. *lN-TER-REG-NUM(ln-ter-reg'num) n. The time during which a throne is vacant. In-ter-rex (in'terVeks), n. A re- gent during an interregnum. In-ter-ro-gate (in-terWgate), v. t. To examine ; to question : — v. i., to put questions. lN-TER r RO X GA-TING, p. prs, In-ter-ro-ga-tion (inH§r-r6-ga'~ shun), n. A question put; an inquiry ; a note that marks a question, thus [ ? ]. In-ter-rog-a-tive (In-ter-r&g'a- Hiv), a. Denoting a question : — «., a word used in asking questions ; as, who. iN-TER-ROG-A-TIVE-LYfin-teT-rSg'- aHlv-le), ad. In the manner of a question. *In-ter-ro-ga*-tor (in-ter'r6 N ga- tur), n. An asker of questions. In-ter-rog-a-tor-y ( N in-ter-r6g'a- Hur-re), n. A question ; an in- quiry [103-13] : — a., containing or expressing a question. ' ; - v In-ter-rog'a v tor-ies, n. pi. In-ter-rupt (In-ter-rupt'), v. t. To hinder; to stop; to divide. [79-29.] [211-6.] *In-ter-rupt-ed-ly ( > in-te i r-rupt'- ed N le), ad. Not in continuity. lN-TER-RUP-TiON( v in-ter-rup r shun) n. Breach of continuity; stop; hinderance ; intervention ; inter- position. [131-14.]f In- ter- scribe (In-ter-skrlbe'), v, t. To write between. v In-ter-scri'bing, p. prs. In-ter-se-cant (In-ter-se'kant), a. Dividing into parts. In-ter-sect ( x in-ter-sekf), v. t. To cut; to divide mutually: — v. i., to meet and cross each other, as lines. lN-TER-SEC-TioN( v in-te : r-sek / shun), n. The point where lines cross each other; act of crossing. In-ter-sert (ln-ter-s£rf), v, t. To put in between. 279 INT INT Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, INT *In-ter-ser-tion ( x in-ter-seV- shun), n. The thing inserted; an insertion. In-ter- space (In'ter^spase), n. A space between. In-ter-sperse pin-ter-speVse'), v. t. To scatter here and there. *\En-ter-sper'sing, p. prs. In-ter-sper-sion (In-t^r-sper'- shun),n. The act of interspersing. *lN-TER-STEL-LAR( y ln-ter-st^l / lar), a. Intervening between the stars. *In-ter-stice (In'teVstls or In- ter'stls), n. Space between things. *In-ter-sti-tial (In-ter-stlsh'al), a. Containing interstices. In-ter-tex-ture (ln-ter-t§ks' tshiir), n. The act of interweav- ing ; any thing interwoven. lN-TER-TROP-i-cAi/(ln-ter-tr6p'e- N kal), a. Being between the tropics. In-ter-twine ( y ln-ter-twlne'), "I In-ter-twist (Hn-ter-twisf), J v. t. To unite by twisting. ^In-ter-twi'ning, ) n In-ter-twist'ing, J P' P r8 ' In-ter-val (in'terVal), n. Space between places ; interstice ; time between two events; remission of a distemper. [20-8.] [215-5.] In-ter-vene (In-ter-vene'), v. t. To come between; to happen in the way. (ap. p. — between.) [79-22.] *\En-ter-ve'ning, p. prs. * In-ter- ve-ni-ent ( v in-ter-ve'ne- v ent), a. Passing or being be- tween ; interposed. In-ter-ven-tion (In-ter-ven'shun) n. Agency between; interposi- tion ; mediation. In-ter- ver-te-bral (In-ter-veV- te^brai), a. Between the vertebrae. *In-ter-view (In'terVu), n. A formal meeting; mutual sight. [105.]f In-ter-volve ( x ln-ter-v61v'), v. t. To involve one with another. 280 n In-ter-volv'ing, p. prs. In-ter-weave (in-ter-weev r ), v. t. [interwove or interweaved — INTERWOVEN Or INTERWEAVED.] To intermingle; to weave one with another. v In-ter-weav'ing, p. prs. *In-tes-ta-ble (ln-tes'ta r bl), a. Disqualified to make a will. *In-tes-ta-cy (in-teVta x se), The state of dying intestate. In-tes-tate (in-tes'tlt), a. Dy- ing without a will. *In-tes-ti-nal (In-teVte^nal), a. Belonging to the entrails. In-tes-tine (In-tes'tln), a. Inter- nal, inward ; domestic. In-tes-tines (in-tes'tlnz), n. pi. The entrails, the bowels. In-thrall (in-*Arawl'), v. t. To enslave; to shackle: — sometimes written enthrall. In-thrall'ing, p. prs. *In-thrall'ed, p. prf. In-thrall-ment ) (in-^rawl'- *In-thral-ment j ment), n. Servitude, slavery. In-ti-ma-cy (in'te v ma-se), n. Close familiarity, friendship. '■■In'ti'ma-cies, n. pi. In-ti-mate (in'te v mate), v. t. To hint; to insinuate; to suggest indirectly. [102-28.] In'ti x ma-ting, p. prs. In-ti-mate (In'te'mlt), a. Inmost; familiar, closely acquainted (ap. jo.— with) [85-8] [254-5]:— n., a familiar friend. In-ti-mate-ly (ln'te v mit-le), ad. Closely ; nearly ; familiarly. [78-7.] [180-6.] *"In-ti-ma-tion ( x In-te-ma'shun), n. Hint; indirect declaration or direction; a suggestion. [85-2.] f In-tim-i-date (ln-tlm'e x date), v. t. To make fearful; to dishearten. In-timVda-ting, p.pr8. In-tim-i-da-tion (InHlm-e-da'- shun), n. The act of intimida- ting; fear. In-to (In't6), prp. Noting en- trance or penetration. 70f Into is used only after verbs of motion, in after verbs of rest or motion. Into implies entrance, in situation, but not entrance; as, He stepped into a school, and remained in it. In-tol-er-a-ble (in-tdl'er^a-bl), a. Insufferable. [127-7.] In-tol-er-a-ble-ness (In-t61'eVa- bPnes), n. State of being in- sufferable. In-tol-er-a-bly (ln-t6l'eYa-ble), ad. To a degree beyond en- durance ; insufferably. *In-tol-er-ance (ln-t61'eVanse), n. Want of toleration. [332.] In-tol-er-ant (In-tftl'eVant), a. Not enduring, impatient. In-tol-er-a-tion (in x t61-er-a?- shun), n. Want of toleration. In-tomb. See entomb. In-to-nate (InWnate), v. i. To thunder ; to sound. In'to x na-ting, p. prs. In-to-na-tion ( x ln-t6-na'shun), n. Act or manner of sounding; modulation of the voice. a lN-TdNE', v. i. To utter a slow, protracted sound; to intonate. In-to'ning, p. pr8. In-tort (ln-t6rf), v. t. To twist. In-tox-i-cate (in-t6ks'e^kate), v. t. To inebriate; to make drunk. -'•In-toxYca-ting, p. prs. In-tox-i-ca-tion (In x t6ks-e-ka7- shun), n. The state of being drunk, drunkenness. In-tract-a-bil-i-ty (InHrakt-a- bll'leHe), n. State of being un- manageable ; perverseness. In-tract-a-ble (ln-trakt'a x bl), a. Ungovernable, stubborn. lN-TRACT-A-BLE-NESS(in-traktTbl- nes), n. Obstinacy, perverseness. ^In-tract-a-bly, (in-trakt'a^ble), ad. Unmanageably, stubbornly. *lN-TRAN-si-TivE(ln-tran / se^tlv ), a. Not passing over to an object. INT INT nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. INV In-tran-si-tive-ly (in-tran'se- v tiv-le), ad. Without an object following. *In-trans-mis-si-ble ( v ln-trans- mis'se^bl), a. Not to be trans- mitted. In-trans-mu-ta-ble ( x ln-trans- mu'ta v bl), a. Unchangeable to any other substance. In-trench (in-trensh'), v. i. [prs. t. 3, intrenches.] To invade ; to encroach : — v. t., to break with hollows ; to fortify with a trench ; to furrow. In-trench-ment (In-trensh'ment), n. Fortification with a trench; any defense. In-trep-id (in-trep'ld), a. Bold, fearless. [149-15.] [295-2.] *In-tre-pid-i-ty ( v in-tre-pld'e x te), n. Fearlessness, courage, bold- ness. [152-11.] [236-2.] In-trep-id-ly (ln-trep'ld v le), ad. Fearlessly, daringly. In-tri-ca-cy (in'tre v ka-se), n. In- volution, complexity. *In'tri x ca-cies, n. pi. In-tri-cate (In'treMdt), a. Entan gled, perplexed, complicated. Ix-tri-cate-ly (ln'tre v kit-le), ad. With complexity. In-tri-cate-ness (in'tre v klt-nes), n. Complexity, involution. **In-trigue (In-treegO, n. A plot; a love-affair ; a stratagem : v. t\, to form plots ; to carry on private designs. *lN-TRiGU-iNG(in-treeg'lng),^.£>rs. In-trigu-er (in-treeg'ur), n. One who intrigues. Ix-trigu-ing-ly (In-treeglng^lej, ad. With intrigue. In-trin-sic (In-trln'slk), ) Ix-TRiN-si-CAL(ln-trin'se y kal), J Internal; natural; real; true. *In-trin-si-cal-ly (ln-trln'se N kal- le), ad. Internally; naturally. *1n-tro-ce s-sion ( v in-tr6-sesb/un ), n. A depression of parts inward; a sinking. In-tro-duce (Hn-tr6-duse'), v. t. To conduct or usher into a place; to bring into notice, (ap. p. — into or in a place, to a person.) [57-27.] In-tro-du'cing, p. prs. In-tro-du-cer (In-tr6-du'sur), n. One who introduces another. lN-TRO-Duc-TioN(ln-tr6-duk'shun) n. Act of ushering into; pref- ace, presentation. In-tro-duc-tive ( v ln-tr6-duk'tiv), a. Introductory. *In-tro-duc-tor-y ( x ln-tr6-duk'~ turVe), a. Serving to introduce : — n., a preliminary lecture. v In-tro-:duc'to x ries, n. pi. In-tro-mis-sion ( x ln-tr6-inlsh'un), n. The act of intromitting. In-tro-mit ( x ln-tr6-mif), v. t. To send in ; to let in ; to intermed- dle with the effects of another. * v In-tro-mit'ting, p. 2>rs. -^In-tro-mit'ted, p. prf. In-tro-spec-tion (In-t^-spek'- shun), n. A view of the inside. In-tro-spect-ive ( x ln-tr6-spekf- Iv), a. Inspecting inwardly. lN-TRO-VER-siON( x ln-tr6-veVshun), n. Act of turning inward. In-tro-vert ( v in-tr6-vert'), v. t. To turn inward. In-trude (in-tr66d'), v. i. To encroach ; to enter without in- vitation or permission; to ob trude. {ap. p. — on or upon a person or thing not enclosed ; into a place enclosed.) In-tru'ding, p. prs. In-tru-der (ln-tr66'dur), n. One who intrudes. In-tru-sion (ln-trS6'zhun), n. The act of intruding; entrance with out invitation. In-tru-sive (ln-tr66'siv), a. In- truding; coming into company without invitation; apt to intrude. In-trust (In-trust'), v. t. To treat with confidence ; to charge with a secret; to confide in. [282-7.] 24* -In-tu-i-tion fin-tu-ish'uo), n. Immediate knowledge : unas- sisted perception of truth. *In-tij-i-tive (in-tu'eHiv), a. Seen by the mind immediately; know- ing without argument or evi- dence. [239.] In-tu-i-tive-ly (in-tu'e x tiv-le), ad. Without deduction of reason; by immediate perception. In-tu-mesce ( v in-tu-mes'), v. i. To swell ; to expand. ^In-tu-mes'cing, p. prs. *In-tu-mes-cence ( x in-tu-meV- sense), n. A swelling; a tumor. In-twine. See entwine. In-um-brate (In-um'brate), v. *t. To obscure ; to cover with shade. IN-TTM' BR ACTING, p. prs. In-un-date (In-un'date), v. t. To overflow with water ; to deluge. In-un'daVing, p. prs. In-un-da-tion ( x ln-un-da'shun), n. A flood, a deluge. *In-ur-ban-i-ty ( v ln-ur-ban'e x te), n. Incivility, rudeness. In-ure (ln-ure'), v. t. To habitu- ate; to accustom (ap. p. — to): — ■ v. i., in Law, to take effect. In-u'ring, p. prs. In-ure-ment (In-ure'ment), n. Use, habit. In-urn (In-urn'), v. t. To bury. *In-u-til-i-ty ( x ln-u-tll'le x te), n. Uselessness. In-vade (ln-vade'), v. t. To at- tack a country; to make a hos- tile entrance; to assault; to encroach. In-va'ding, p. prs. In-va-der (in-va'dur), n. One who invades ; an assailant. *In-val-ii) (In-val'ld), a. Weak, of no efficacy ; null, void. *In-va-lid (in'va x leed or In-va- leed'), n. One disabled by sick- ness or wounds. In-val-i-date (In-vaVeMate), v. t. To weaken ; to deprive of force or efficacy; to make void. 281 ■ II I ■ , , INV INV Fate, far, fill, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n6, move, INV *In-valVda-ting, p. prs. In-val-i-da-tion (InVal-e-da'- shdn), n. The act of weakening or making void. In-va-lid-i-ty (Hn-va-lid'eHe), n. The want of efficacy or force; weakness. In-val-u-a-ble (ln-val'u v a-bl), a. Inestimable, very valuable. In-va-ri-a-ble (ln-va're v a-bl), a. Unchangeable, constant.[99-12.] In-va-ri-a-ble-ness (in-va're v a- bl v n^s), n. Immutability, con- stancy. *In-va-ri-a-bly (ln-va're v a-ble), ad. Unchangeably, constantly. In-va-sion (In-va'zhun), n. Hos- tile encroachment or entrance; infringement. [333.] In-va-sive (In-va'slv), a. Enter- ing with hostility, aggressive. In-vec-tive (in-v£k'tlv), n. A severe censure in speech or wri- ting; angry abuse. [199-18.] *lN-VEc-TivE-LY(in-veVtlv N le),ad. Satirically, abusively. *In-veigh (in-va')> v. i. To utter censure or reproach ; to declaim. *In-veigh-er (in-va'ur), n. A ve- hement railer. *In-vei-gle (In-ve'gl), v. t. To wheedle ; to allure ; to seduce by flattery. In-vei-gling (In-ve'gllng), p. prs. In-vei-gle-ment (in-ve'grment), n. Enticement to evil. *In-vei-gler (In-ve'glur), n. A deceiver ; an allurer to ill. In-vent (ln-vent'), v. t. To de- vise ; to feign ; to fabricate ; to discover. [220-2.] In-vent-er. See inventor. In-vent-ful (in-v£nt'ful), a. Full of invention. In-ven-tion (In-vSn'shun), n. Fie tion ; contrivance ; act of pro ducing something new; the thing invented. In-vent-ive (ln-vgnt'lv), a. Quick at contrivance; ingenious. [351.] 282 *In-vent-or (in-v&nt'ur), n. One who finds out something new; a contriver. *In-ven-tor-y (In'veVtur-re), n. A catalogue of goods. ^In'venVor-ies, n. pi. In-vent-ress (in-vSnt're's), n. A female who invents. *In-vent'ress x es, n. pi. In- verse (in-ve'rse'), a. Inverted; reciprocal. In-verse-ly (In-versed), ad. In an inverted order; taken re- ciprocally. *In-ver-sion (in-veVshtin), n. Change of order, time, or place. In-vert (in-verf), v. t. To turn upside down ; to reverse. [225.] [98-5.] lN-VERT-E-BRAT-ED(ln-ve'rt / e A brate- ed), a. Destitute of vertebrae, or of spine. In-vert-ed-ly (in-vert'ed N le), ad. In contrary or reversed order. In- vest (ln-vesf), v. t. To dress; to array ; to adorn ; to enclose ; to make a purchase of property. (ap p.— with,in.)[27-26.][384-3.] ^In-yes-ti-ga-ble (ln-ves'te N ga- bl), a. Capable of being searched out. In-ves-ti-gate (ln-veVte N gate), v.t. To examine ; to inquire into ; to search out. In-ves'ti^ga-ting, p. prs. In-ves-ti-ga-tion ( v in-ves-te-ga'- shun), n. Examination, search, research. [330.] In-ves-ti-ga-tive (In-veVteVa- tiv), a. Curious in researches ; searching. *In-ves-ti-ga-tor (In-veVte^ga- tur), n. One who investigates. #In-ves-ti-ture (ln-ves'te v ture), n. The act of giving possession. In-vest-ment (in-vest'ment), n. Dress, clothes; money invested. In-vet-er-a-cy (ln-vet'er x a-se), n. Long continuance of any thing bad; deep-rooted firmness. In-vet-er-ate (In-veYerlt), a. Old, long established; deep-rooted. [234-13.] In-vet-er-ate-ness (In-vet'eYit- n£s), n. Long continuance; in- veteracy. *In-vid-i-ous (in-vid'e v us), a. En- vious, malignant, likely to pro- mote envy. lN-viD-i-ous-LY(ln-vld'e v us-le),aeZ. Malignantly, enviously. In-vid-i-ous-ness (in-vld'e^us- nes), n. The quality of pro- voking envy. In-vig-o-rate (In-vig'c-Vate), v. t To strengthen ; to animate ; to impart energy to. [122-6.]f In-vigVra-ting, p. prs. In-vig-o-ra-tion (inVig-6-ra'- shun), n. The act of invigora- ting; the state of being in- vigorated. *In-vin-ci-bil-i-ty (InVln-se-bll'- leHe), n. Invincibleness. In-vin-ci-ble (In-vlnWbl), a. Unconquerable, insurmountable. [278-10.] In-vin-ci-ble-ness (in-vin'se x bl- nes), n. Insuperable ness ; the state of being unconquerable. In-vin-ci-bly (in-vin'se v ble), ad,. Unconquerably, insurmountably. *In-vi-o-la-bil-i-ty (lnVl-6-la- bll'le'te), n. The quality of be- ing inviolable. In-vi-o-la-ble (ln-vl'6 v l&-bl), a. Not to be profaned; not to be broken. [84-9.] In-vi-o-la-bly (In-vi^Ia-ble), ad. Without breach or failure. In-vi-o-late (In-vl^Vlit), a. Un- hurt, unbroken. iN-vis-i-BiL-i-TY(lnViz-e-bll'leHe), n. The state of being invisible. In-vis-i-ble (ln-vlz'e v bl), a. Not to be seen, imperceptible, un- seen. [140-19.] In-vis-i-bly (in-vlz'e x ble), ad. Im- perceptibly to the sight; in an invisible manner. INW IRI nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- ind — ^in, this. IRK In-vi^ta-tion ( r in-v&-ta'shun), n. The act of inviting, bidding. *lN-vi-TA-TOR-Y(in-vl / ta N tur-re),a. Containing invitation : — «., a hymn of invitation. In-vi'ta v tor-ies, n. pi. In-vite (ln-vlte'), «• t. To bid; to ask; to persuade; to allure. In-vi'ting, p. prs., In-vi-ter (in-vi'tur), n. One who invites. In-vi-ting-ly (in-vi'tlngHe), ad. So as to invite or allure. In-vo-cate (in'v6 > kate), v. t. To invoke; to call upon. In'vo n ca-ting, p. pr8. In-yo-ca-tion ( x in-v6-ka / shun), n. The act of calling upon in prayer. In-voice (in'v6ise), n. A catalogue of the freight of a ship, or of the articles and price of goods: — v. t., to make a catalogue of goods with the prices. In-voke (in-v6ke'), v. t. To call upon; to implore; to pray to. [73-28.]f In-yo'king, p. prs. *In-vol-un-ta-ri-ly (in-v61'un- Ha-re x le), ad. Not by choice ; against the will. [37.] [346-1.] In-vol-un-ta-ry (in-v&l'unHa-re), a. Not done willingly. In-vo-lu-tion (ln-v6-lu'shun), n. The act of involving ; state of being involved ; complication. In-volve (in-v&lv'), v. t. To in- wrap; to comprise; to entangle; to blend. [55-33.] [281-4.] In-volv'ing, p. pre. In-volv-ed-ness (ln-v&lv'ed x nes), n. State of being involved. *In-vul-ner-a-bil-i-ty (inVul- n^r-a-bil'leHe), n. The quality of being invulnerable. In-vul-ner-a-ble (in-vul'ner x a- bl), a. Not to be wounded. In-wall (ln-wal'), v. t. To en- close with a wall. In-ward (in' ward), a. Internal; placed within, interior. In-ward (in'ward), ) ad. To- In-wards (In'wardz), J wards the internal parts, within. In-ward-ly (in'wardHe), ad. Pri- vately, within ; internally. In'wards, n. pi. Intestines. In-weave (in-weeV), v. t. [in- wove or inweaved — inwoven or inweaved.] To mix in weav- ing; to intertwine. *In-weav'ing, p. prs, In-wrap (in-rap'), v. t. To cover by wrapping; to involve : — sometimes written enwrap. *In-wrap'ping, p. prs. In-wrap'ped, p. prf. *In-wreathe (in-reeTH'), v. U To surround as with a wreath, In-wreath'ing, p. prs. *lN-WROUGRT(in-rawt')?a. Adorned with work ; worked in, I-o-dine (l'6Mine), n. A substance obtained from kelp, *I-on-ic (i-Sn'ik), a. Belonging to one of the dialects of the Greek language, or to one of the orders of architecture, *I-o-ta (i-6'ta), n. The name of the Greek letter [ t ] i ; a small quantity; a jot. *Ip-e-cac-tj-an-ha (Ip-e^kak-u- an'a), n. An Indian plant, the root of which is used as an emetic. I-RAS-ci-BiL-i-TY(rras-se-bil'le x te) n. Propensity to anger; th( quality of being irascible. *I-ras-ci-ble (i-ras'se v bl), a. Dis- posed to anger, irritable. Ire (ire), n. Anger, rage, pas- sionate hatred, wrath. [123-9.] Ire-ful (lre'ful),a. Angry, raging. *Ir-i-des-cence (Ir-^-deVsens), n. Colors like the rainbow. Ir-i-des-cent (Ir-e-deVsent), a. Colored like the rainbow. Ir-id-i-um (lr-id'e x um), n. A metal. *I-ris (1'ris), n. The rainbow ; the circle round the pupil of the eye; a plant and its flower. I-rish (1'rlsh), a. Relating to Ireland. I-rish-ism (i'rlshlzm), n. An Irish idiom. Irk-some (erk'sum), a. Weari- some, troublesome, tedious. Irk-some-ly (erk'sum^le), ad. In a tedious manner. -Irk-some-ness (erk'siWnes), n. Tediousness, wearisomeness. I-ron (i'urn or i'run), n. A hard, malleable metal; an instrument made of iron ; a chain, a shac- kle : — a., made of iron ; resem- bling iron in color; hard, im- penetrable : — v. t., to smooth with an iron ; to shackle with irons. *I-ron-i-cal (l-r&n'e^kal), a. Ex- pressing one thing and meaning another. I-ron-i-cal-ly (i-rSn'e x kal-le), ad. By the use of irony. '* j I-ron-mon-ger (i'urn x mung-gur), n. A dealer in iron. *I-ron-y (i'run v e), n. A mode of speech in which the meaning is contrary to the words ; sarcastic praise. [198-18.] *I-ron-y (i'urn v e), a. Having the qualities of iron ; made of iron. Ir-ra-di-ance (ir-ra'de anse), \ lR-RA-Di-AN-CY(ir-ra'de an-se), J n. Emission of rays of light ; lustre. Ir-ra-di-ate (ir-ra/de'ate), v. t. To adorn with light; to make splendid; to enlighten intellec- tually; to illumine. [183-16.] *Ir-ra'di\i-ting, p. prs. Ir-ra-di-a-tion (irVa- de-a/shun), n. The act of emitting beams of light; illumination; light. Ir-ra-tion-al (lr-rash'un v al), a. Void of reason, absurd, foolish. Ir-ra-tion-al-i-ty (ir x rash-un-al / - le v te), n. Want of reason. * Ir-ra-tion-al-ly (Ir-rash 'unfi- le), ad. Without reason, absurdly. Ir-re-claim-a-ble (^ir-re-klame'- a v bl), a. Not to be reclaimed. 283 IRR IRR Fate, far, fill, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — n6, move, IRR *lR-RE-CLAIM-A-BLY( V lr-r£-kl&me'- a x ble), ad. So as not to be reclaimed. *Ir-rec-on-ci-la-ble (lrYe ! k-&n si'la-bl), a. Not to be reconciled; inconsistent. lR-REC-0N-ci-LA-BLY(irYek-6n-sr / - la'ble), ad. In an irreconcilable manner. Ir-re-cov-er-a-ble ( r ir-re-kuv'- ur^a-ol), a. Not to be regained ; irreparable, incurable. *Ir-re-cov-er-a-bly ( x ir-re-kuv'- ur N a-ble), ad. Beyond recovery Ir-re-deem-a-ble (Ir-re-deem'a- N bl), a. Not to be redeemed. **Ir-re-du-ci-ble (Ir-r^-du'se^bl), a. Not to be reduced. Ir-ref-ra-ga-bil-i-ty (IrVef-ra ga-bil'leHe), n. Strength of ar gument not to be refuted. *Ir-ref-ra-ga-ble (ir-reTra v ga' bl), a. Not to be refuted. Ir-ref-ra-ga-bly (Ir-reTra^ga- ble), ad. With force above confutation. Ir-re-fu-ta-ble (Ir-re-fu'ta^bl or ir-ref'uHa-bl), a. Not to be overthrown by argument. Ir-reg-u-lar (lr-reg'u N lar), a. De- viating from rule ; immethodical, unsystematic, changeable. Ir-reg-u-lar-i-ty (IrVeg-u-lar'- e'te), n. Deviation from rule; inordinate practice; vice. **Ir n reg-u-lar'i v ties, n. pi. Ir-reg-u-lar-ly (lr-reg'u x lar-l£), ad. Without rule or method. Ir-rel-a-tive (lr-reTa v tlv), a. Having no reference,unconnected. *lR-REL-E-vAN-CY(ir-rel / eVan-se), n. State of being inapplicable. Ir-rel-e-vant (Ir-rel'eVant), a. Unassisting, unrelieving; not applicable. Ir-rel-e-vant-ly (Ir-reTeVant- le), ad. Not applicably. Ir-re-li-gion (lr-re-lij'un), n. Contempt of religion; impiety; worldliness. 284 *Ir-re-li-gious ( v lr-re-lij'us), a. Impious, wicked, profane. *Ir-re-li-gious-ly ( v ir-re-lij'us- x le), ad. Impiously, profanely. *lR-RE-ME-Di-A-BLE(ir-re-me'de x a- bl), a. Not to be remedied. Ir-re-me-di-a-bly ( v lr-re-me'de- v a-ble), ad. Beyond remedy. Ir-re-mis-si-ble (lr-r£-mis'se v bl), a. Not to be pardoned. *Ir-re-mis-si-bly ( v ir-r£-mls'se- v ble), ad. Unpardonably. *Ir-re-mov-a-ble ( v ir-re-m66v'a- ^bl), a. Not to be moved. *Ir-rep-a-ra-ble (ir-rep'a N ra-bl), a. Not to be repaired. Ir-rep-a-ra-bly (ir-rep'aYa-ble), ad. Without remedy. lR-RE-PEAL-A-BLE(lr-re-peel'a v bl), a. Incapable of repeal. *Ir-rep-re-hen-si-ble (lrYSp-r£- h^n'se v bl),a. Exempt from blame. Ir-rep-re-hen-si-bly (lr N r^p-re- heVse y ble), ad. Not blamably. Ir-re-pres-si-ble (Ir-re-preVse- x bl), a. Not to be repressed. [346-12.] lR-RE-PROACH-A-BLE( N lr-re-pr6tsh a v bl), a. Without reproach. *Ir-re-proach-a-bly ( N lr-re- protsh'a v ble), ad. So as to be without reproach. *Ir-re-prov-a-ble ( N ir-re-pr66v a v bl), a. Not to be blamed. Ir-re-sist-ance ( x ir-re-zist'anse), n. Non-resistance. Ir-re-sist-i-bil-i-ty (^r-re^zist-e bil'leHe), n. Power above op- position. Ir-re-sist-i-ble (^ir-re-zlst'e^bl),**. Superior to opposition; not to be resisted. [131-31.] [238-8.] if lR-RE-siST-i-BLY(lr-re-z!st , e N ble), ad. So as not to be resisted. Ir-res-o-lu-ble (lr-rez'6 x lu-bl), a. Not to be broken or dissolved, Ir-res-o-lute (lr-reY6 v lute), a. Not determined, not firm. Ir-res-o-lute-ly (lr-rez'6 x lute- le), ad. Without firmness of mind. Ir-res-o-lu-tion (ir x rez-6-lu'- shun), n. Want of firmness of mind. Ir-re-solv-a-ble (lr-re-z61v'a- x bl), a. Not to be resolved. ^iR-RE-SPECTViVE^r-re-speWlv), a. Without regard to circum- stances, (ap.p. — of.) Ir-re-spect-ive-ly ( y lr-re-spekf- iv N le), ad. In an irrespective manner. ^lR-RES-Pi-RA-BLE(ir-res / pe x ra-bl) a. Not fit for respiration. *Ir-re-spon-si-bil-i-ty (lr-r£- N sp6n-se-bll'leHe), n. Want of responsibility. Ir-re-spon-si-ble ( v ir-re-sp6n's£- N bl), a. Not answerable. Ir-re-triev-a-ble (Ir-re-treeVa- bl), a. Not to be repaired; ir- recoverable. [69-2.] *Ir-re-triev-a-bly (lr-re-treev'- a x ble), ad. Irrecoverably, irre- parably. *Ir-rev-er-ence (ir-reVeYe ! nse), n. Want of veneration, disrespect. Ir-rev-er-ent (Ir-reVeYent), a. Not paying due homage or reverence. *Ir-rev-er-ent-ly (lr-rev'eYent- 1£), ad. Without due respect. [53-23.] *Ir-re-ver-si-ble fir-r£-ver'se- x bl), a. Not to be changed or recalled; irrevocable. Ir-re-ver-si-ble-ness (Ir-re-veY- se N bi-n^s), n. State of being irreversible. lR-RE-VER-si-BLYfir-re-ver'se x ble) ad. So as to be without change. Ir-rev-o-oa-bil-i-ty (irVev-6-ka- bil'le'te), n. State of being ir- revocable. Ir-rev-o-ca-ble (lr-reV6 N ka-bl), a. Not to be recalled. !i: lR-REV-o-CA-BLY(ir-r^v , 6 N ka-ble) ad. Without recall. Ir-ri-gate (ir're v gate), v. t. To wet; to moisten; to water. *Ir'ri n ga-ting, p. prs. ISO ITA nor, not — tube, tub, bull — 6il — p5und — thin, this. TVI Ir-ri-ga-tion ( v lr-r£-ga'shun), n. The act of watering or moistening. *Ir-rig-tj-ous (Ir-rlg'u v us), a. Wet, watery, dewy. *Ir-ri-ta-bil-i-ty ( x lr-re-ta-birie- y t&), n. The state of being ir- ritable.f Ir-ri-ta-ble (Ir'reHa-bl), a. Ca- pable of being made angry ; easily provoked or inflamed. [266-9.] Ir-ri-tant (ir'reHant), n. That which excites or irritates. Ir-ri-tate (ir'reHate), v. U To provoke; to exasperate; to ex- cite anger ; to heighten ; to rouse up. (ap. p. — against or by a person, at or by a thing. )[260-17 .] Ir'ri v ta-ting, p. pr8. Ir-ri-ta-tion (Hr-re-ta'shun), n. Provocation, exasperation,anger. Ir-ri-ta-tive (ir'reHa-tlv), a. Serving to irritate. *Ir-rup-tion (ir-rup'shun), n. The act of forcing an entrance ; inroad ; sudden invasion. Is (Iz), prs. t. 3 of the verb be. I-sin-glass (I'zing^glas), n. A kind of fine glue made from the intestines of a fish ; mica. *Is-lam-ism (iz'lamlzm), n, Mo- hammedanism. *Isl-and (ile'and), n. A tract of land surrounded by water. Isl-akd-er (ile'and x ur), n. An inhabitant of an island. *Isle (ile), n. An island. *Isl-et (i'let), n. A small island. I-soch-ro-nal (i-s6k'r6 v nal), ) *I-socH-RO-Nous(l-s6kWnds) J a * Having equal times; of equal duration. '■. *Is-o-late (isolate or IzVlate), v. t. To detach; to insulate. IsVla-ting, p. prs. *Is-o-la-tion (ls-6-la/shun or ^iz- 6-la'shun), n. State of being isolated. *I-so-MOR-PHOUsfl-s6-m6r'fus),a. Having the same form. I-sop-A-THY (l-s6p'a^/ie), n. The doctrine that diseases are cured by the virus which produces or is produced by them. *I-sos-ce-les (l-s6s'se v leez), a. Having two sides equal. *I-so-ther-mal ( v l-s6-£AeYmal), a. Having equal heat. *Is-su-a-ble (ish'u'a-bl), a. Ca- pable of being issued. Is-sue (ish'u), n. Act of pass- ing out; egress; event; conse- quence; termination; offspring: — v. i ., to come out ; to make an eruption; to be produced by a fund : — v. t., to send out ; to send forth. [126-11.] *Is'su N ING, p. prs. Is-sue-less (Is'shu^les), a. With- out offspring ; having no issue. *Isth-mus (ist'mus), n. A neck of land joining a peninsula to a continent. Isth'mus v es, n. pi. It (It), pro. [sing. nom. it; pi. they : pos8. its ; theirs,(their): obj. it ; them.] The thing named before or understood. ^It* It is applicable to animals and persons of any gender, person, or number; as, "It was your horses" " It is she," and, when so applied, means the subject spoken of. In all such uses, it is singular, and the verb agrees with it, and not with the other nominative. I-tal-ian (it-tal'yun), w. The language of Italy; a native of Italy : — a., relating to Italy. *I-tal-ian-ize (it-tal'yunlze), v. t. To make Italian. I-tai/ian v i-zing, p. prs. I-tal-ic (1-taFik), a. Denoting a kind of type, thus [Italic], *I-tal-i-cize (l-tal'e x slze), v. t. To print or write in Italics. I-tal'i n ci-zing, p. prs. I-tal-ics (i-tal'iks), n. pi. Incli- ning letters, first used in Italy. Itch (Itsh), n. A cutaneous, con- tagious disease : — v. i., to feel that uneasiness in the skin which is removed by rubbing; to have a constant desire. *Itch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. I-tem (I'tem), n. An article; a hint; a single entry: — ad., also (used when something is added): — v. t., to take a note of. I-tem-ize (i'temlze), v. t. To sys- tematize according to items ; to arrange in detail. I'tem v i-zing, p. prs. It-er-ate (it'eVate), v. t. To re- peat ; to utter again. It'er v a-ting, p. prs. It-er-a-tion ( x it-er-a'shun), n. Repetition. [peating. It-er-a-tive (it'eYa-tiv), a. Re- I-tin-er-a-cy (l-tin'eVa-s&), n. The habit of travelling. I-tin-er-ant (1-tin'eYant), a. Not settled ; wandering, travelling. *I-tin-er-a-ry (i-tin'eYa-r&), n. A book of travels : — a., travel- ling, done on a journey. I-tin'er\i-ries, n. pi. I-tin-er-ate (i-tin'eVate), v. t. To travel from place to place. I-tin'er x a-ting, p. prs. Its (Its), pro. or a. The singular possessive form of it (used be- fore and after the name of that which is possessed; as, this is its food, or this food is its) : — see it, and " Grammar of Gram- mars," commencing p. 314. It-self (it-self), pro. [pi. them- selves.] A thing before men- tioned. JS^ Itself is similar in use to herself, and in application to it. See herself and it. *I-vor-y (i'vuVe), n. The tusk of the elephant: — a., made of, or pertaining to, ivory. I'vor^ies, n. pi. I-vy (I've), n. A plant. *I'vies, n. pL 285 J AC JAS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, move, JEN J(ja), n. The tenth letter and the sixth consonant, has always the soft sound of G. Its name is written Jay, the plural of which is Jays. In Medicine, j. is used to represent one : — for other abbreviations, see under I. Jab-ber (jab'bur), v. i. To talk idly and rapidly: — «., idle talk. Jab-ber-er (jab'burNlr), n. One who jabbers. *Ja-cent (ja'sent), a. Lying at length. *Ja-cinth (ja'sin^), n. A gem. Jack (jak), n. The diminutive of John ; an engine ; a fish ; a flag ; the male of certain animals. Jack-a-dan-dy (jak'a x dan-d&), n. An impertinent fop. Jack'a x dan-dies, n. pi. *Jack-al (jak'all or jak-all')> ii» An animal resembling a dog or fox. Jack-a-Lan-tern (^jak-a-lan'- tern), n. An ignis-fatuus. *Jack-an-apes (jak'an x aps), n. An ape j a coxcomb. Jack-boots (jak'b66ts), n. pi. Boots for protection. Jack-daw (jak'daw), n. A species of crow. Jack-et (jak'kit), n. A short, close coat. * Jack-knife (jak'nlfe), n. A pocket-knife, larger than a pen- knife. Jack'knives, n. pi. Jack -with- a- Lantern. See JACK-A-LANTERN. *Jac-o-bin (jak'6 N bln), n. An ex- treme radical ; a demagogue. *Jac-o-bite (jak'6 x blte), n. A par- tisan of James II. of England. *Jac-o-net (jak'6 v nSt), n. A slight muslin. Jac-u-la-tion ( v jak-u-la'shun), n The act of throwing weapons. *Jac-u-la-tor-y (jak'u-laHur-re), a. Throwing out. 286 Jade (jade), n. A horse of no spirit ; a mean woman : — v. t., to tire; to harass; to weary. Ja'ding, p. prs. *Ja-dish (jl/dlsh), a. Vicious, bad. Jagg (jag), n. A protuberance: — v, t., to cut into indentures. *Jag-ged-ness (jag'g5d x n3s), n. State of being notched. jAG-GY(jag'ge),a.Uneven,notched. Jail (jale), n. A prison : — some- times written gaol. JAiL-BiRD(jale'burd),w. Aprisoner. !J Jail-er (jale'ur), n. The keeper of a prison. Mail-Fe-ver (jale'feVur), n. A dangerous fever generated in prisons. JAL-Ap(jal'liip),n. A purgative root. *'Jam (jam), n. A conserve of fruits. *Jamb (jam), n. A post of a door; a support or pillar. Jan-gle (jang'gl), v. i. To quar- rel; to dispute: — n., contention. Jan'gling, p. prs. Jan-i-tor (jan'e y tur), n. A door- keeper. *Jan-i-za-ry (janTza-r&), n. A Turkish soldier. Jan'i v za-ries, n. pi. Jant-i-ness (jant'eWs), n. Airi- ness, briskness. jAN-TY(jan / te),«.Fluttering,showy. Jan-u-a-ry (jan'ti v a-re), n. The first month of the year. Ja-p an (ja-pan'),n. Varnished work, a varnish : — v. t., to varnish. Ja-pan'ning, p. prs. Ja-pan'ned, p. prf. Jar, v. t. To strike together with trembling; to clash; to dispute; to sound harshly [138] [360-11]: — n., a vibration ; discord ; an earthen vessel. [144-19.] Jar'ring, p. prs. f Jar' red, p. prf. *Jar-gon (jar'gun), n. Unintel- ligible talk, gibberish. *Jas-mine (jas'min or jaz'min), n. A plant and its flower. Jas-per (jas'pur), n. A precious stone of various colors. *Jaun-dice (jan'dls), w. A disease of the liver. *Jaun-diced (jan'dist), a* Af- fected with jaundice; prejudiced. Jaunt (jant), v. i. To make short excursions for air or exercise : — n., a trip, a short journey. *Jave-lin (jav'lin), n. A spear, or half pike ; a dart. Jaw, n. The bone of the mouth in which the teeth are fixed : — v. t. y to abuse by scolding: — v.i. f to scold. Jay (ja), n. A bird. Jeal-ous (jel'lus), a. Suspicious ; emulous; envious, (ap. p. — of.) [213-8.] Jeal-ous-ly (jel'lusle), ad. "With jealousy. Jeal-ous-y (jel'lus^e), n. Sus- picion in love; suspicious fear. [150-9.] [277-17.] ^Jeal'ous^ies, n. pi. Jeer, v. i. To scoff; to deride : — n., scoff, taunt, mockery, (ap. p.— Sit.) [371-6.] *Jeer-ing-ly (jeer'lng v le), ad. Scornfully, contemptuously. *Je-ho-vah (je-h6'va), n. The Hebrew name of God. Je-june (je-j66n'), a. Wanting, hungry, dry, bare, empty. Je-june-ness (je , -j56n'n£s), n. Penury, poverty; dryness. Jel-lied (jel'lid), a. Glutinous, like jelly. Jel-ly (jel'le), n. A soft, tremu- lous, transparent substance, ob- tained from animals and vegeta- bles ; gelatin : — often written gelly. Jel'lies, n. pi. Jen-net (jen'net), n. A small Spanish horse : — often written GENET. Jen-ny (jeVn6), n. A spinning- machine. Jen'nies, n. pi. JEW JOC nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, THis. JOI Jeop-ard (j^p'purd), v. t. To hazard; to put in danger; to peril. Jeop-ard-ize (jeVpurdHze), *>• t. To endanger ; to jeopard. Jeop'ardVzing, p. prs. *Jeop-ard-ous (jep'purd^us), a. Hazardous, dangerous. Jeop-ard- y (jep'purd^), n. Risk, hazard, peril, danger. *Jeop'ard x ies, n. pi. *Jer-e-mi-ad J i T _ h _ mi , U) n> Jer-e-mi-ade j vj " Lamentation. Jerk, n. A smart, quick lash ; a sudden spring: — v. t., to strike with a quick, smart blow; to throw or thrust suddenly. * Jer-kin (jer'kln), n. A jacket ; a short coat; a hawk. *Jer-sey (jeYze), n. Fine yarn of wool. *Jes-sa-mine (jes'sa^mln), n. A plant and its flower. Jest, n. Any thing ludicrous ; a joke ; laughing-stock : — v. i. f to make diversion ; to joke. Jest-ing-ly (je'st'lng^), ad. In a jesting manner. *Jes-u-it (jeVMt), n. One of the Society of Jesus ; a crafty person, Jes-u-it-ism (jez'Mt-lzm), n. The principles of the Jesuits; craftiness. Jet, n. A very beautiful black fossil; a spout of water: — v. i., to shoot forward ; to jut out. Jet'ting, p. prs. ' Jet'ted, p. prf. *Jet-teau (jeVti), n. A spout of water : — also written jet d'eau. Jet-ty (jeM/te), a. [jettier — jettiest.] Made of jet; black as jet. Jew (ju), n. An Israelite. *Jew-el (ju'll), n. An ornament of value ; a name of fondness ; a precious stone: — v. t, to adorn with jewels. Jew'el n ing, *) *Jew'ei/lingJ P'P™- } (ju'iriur), n. Jew'el-ed, *Jew'ell-ed Jew-el-er *Jew-el-ler One who deals in jewels. Jew-el-ry (ju'ilVe), n. The wares of a jeweller. Jew-ess (ju'es), n. A Hebrew woman or girl. Jew'ess v es, n. pi. *Jew-ry (ju're), n. Judea. Jew's-Harp ) ,.i ., , x *Jews-harp } O^'hirp), »• A kind of musical toy. *Jez-e-bel (jeYe x bel), n. A vile, cruel woman. JIb, n. The foremost sail of a ship; the arm or beam of a crane. Jibe. See gibe. *Jif-fy (jif'fe), n. A moment. Jif'fies, n. pi. J!g, n. A light dance or tune : — v. i., to dance carelessly. *Jig'ging, p. prs. Jig'ged, p. prf. J!ll, n. A young woman. J!lt, n. A woman who deceives in love; a name of contempt: — v. t., to trick or deceive in love. *Jin-gle (jing'gl), v. i. To sound sharply; to tinkle; to rhyme together : — v. t., to cause to tinkle: — n., any thing sound- ing; a rattle ; a bell; a tinkle: — often written gingle. Jin'gling, p. prs. J6b, 11. A piece of chance work ; a mean lucrative affair: — v. i. f to work at jobs. * Job'bing, p. prs. Job'bed, p. prf. Job-ber (j6b'bur), n. One who does chance work: a dealer in stocks and dry-goods. Jock-ey (j6k'ke), n. One who deals in horses; a cheat; a trickish fellow : — v. t., to cheat ; to trick. *Jock-ey-ism (j6k'ke'lzm), n. The practice of jockeys. *Jo-cose (j6-k6se'), ) a. Given Joc-u-lar (j6k / u N lur), J to jokes ; merry, waggish, sportive. Jo-cose-ly (j6-k6se'le), ad. In jest, waggishly, jokingly. Joc-u-lar-i-ty (^jSk-u-lar'eHe), n. Merriment, disposition to jest. \Toc-u-larVties, n. pi. *Joc-und (j6k'und), a. Mirthful, merry, gay, lively. Joc-und-ly (j6k'und x le), ad. Mer- rily, gayly. Joc-und-ness (j6k'und v nes), ) #Jo-cund-i-ty (j6-kund'eHe), j n ' State of being jocund, gayety. J6g, v. t. To push ; to shake ; to travel slowly: — n., a push; a hint; a slow motion. * Jog'ging, p. prs. Jog'ged, p. prf. Jog-gle (j6g'gl), v. i. To shake ; to totter: — v. t. y to jostle; to cause to shake. *Jog'gling, p. prs. Join (join), v. t. To add ; to act in concert; to unite: — v. i., to grow to; to adhere; to be in contact, (ap. p. — with, to.) Join-der (joln'dur), ?i.Conjunction. Join-er (jdln'ur), n. One who joins wood together; a mechanic. *Join-er-y (j61n'ur r e), n. The work of a joiner. Joint (joint), n. Articulation of limbs; a hinge; a knot in a plant : — a.,shared by two or more; combined : — v. t., to form in ar- ticulations; to join together; to divide a joint; to smooth the edge of boards so that they may unite closely. *Joint-heir (j61nt / are), n. An heir having a joint interest Joint-ly (jMnt'le), ad. Not sepa- rately, together, in concert. Joint-ress (jdlnt'res), n. A fe- male who has a jointure. * Joint'ress^es, n. pi. Joint-stock (j61nt / st6k), n. Stock held in company. 287 JOU JUD Fate, far, fill, fat — me, nie't — pine, pin — n&, move, JUG Joint-ure (j5int'yur), n. Estate settled on a wife, to be enjoyed after her husband's decease: — v. t., to settle a jointure. * Joist (jdlst), n. A beam helping to support a floor : — v. t. f to lay joists. J6ke, n. A jest: — v. u 9 to jest. Jo'king, p. prs. Jok-ing-ly (j6'klng x le), ad. In a jesting way. J6le, n. The cheek ; the head of a fish : — sometimes written jowl. *Jol-li-ly p&l'le x le), ad. With noisy merriment. Jol-li-ness (j&rie N nes), n, Noisy merriment, gayety. Jol-li-ty (j61'le x te), n. Merriment, gayety, festivity. *Jol'li v ties, n. pL Jol-ly (j61'le), a. [jollier — jolliest.] Gay, merry. [363-18.] Jolt, n. A shock, as in a car- riage; a shake: — v. i., to shake, as a carriage: — v. t., to shake with sudden jerks. *Jos-tle (j6s / sl), v. t. To knock against; to push. [352-6.] Jos'tling, p. prs. J6t, n. A point; a tittle; an iota: — v. t., to set down briefly. Jot'ting, p. prs. Jot'ted, p. prf. Jour-nal (jur-nul), n. A diary; a paper published daily; a book of accounts used to collect the entries of the daybook under ledger titles. *Jour-nal-ism (jur'nuHzm), n. Management of journals ; the practice of keeping a journal. Jour-nal-ist (jur'nullst), n. A writer for, or conductor of, a jour- nal; one who keeps a journal. *Jour-nal-ize (jur'nuPize), v. t. To enter in a journal. Jour'nalVzing, p. prs. *Jour-ney (jur'ne), n. Travel by land, or a voyage by sea; a tour; a passage : — v. i., to travel. 283 Jour-ney-man (jur'ne^man), n. A hired workman. Jour'ney x men, n, pi. Jour-ney-work (jur'n&Vurk), n. Work done by a journeyman. * Joust (just), n. Tilt, tournament — v. i., to run in the tilt. J6ve, n. The supreme deity of the Romans, Jupiter. Jo-vi-al (jo've^al), a. Gay, airy, merry, full of mirth, jolly. *Jo-vi-al-ly (j6've x al-le), ad. Merrily, gayly. Jo-vi-al-ness (j6 r ve r al-n§s), n. Gayety, merriment, festivity. Jowl. See jole. Joy (j6e), n. Gladness; merri- ment, pleasure, mirth, happi- ness : — v. i., to rejoice; to be glad, Joy-ful (j6e'fiil), a. Full of joy, glad, merry, blithe. *Joy-ful-ly (j6e'furie), ad. With joy, gladly, merrily. Joy-ful-ness (jde'f&Tnes), n. Ex- ultation, gladness, joy. Joy-less (jde'les), a. Void of joy. Joy-less-ly (jde'leVle), ad. In a joyless manner. Joy-less-ness (j5e'leVnes), n. State of being joyless. Joy-ous (j6e'us), a. Glad, merry, giving joy, mirthful. Joy-ous-ly (joe'us'le), ad. With joy or gladness. Joy-ous-ness (j6e'us r ne's), n. The state of being joyous. Ju-bi-lant (ju'be^lant), a. Ut- tering songs of triumph; re- joicing. Ju-bi-la-tion fju-be-la'shun), n. The act of declaring triumph. Ju-bi-lee (ju'be x le), n. A public festivity; a season of joy. [94-11.] Ju-da-ic-al (ju-da'ik N al), Ju-da-ic (ju-da'lk), ) Jewish. * Ju-da-ism (ju'dalzm), n. The re- ligious rites of the Jews. *Ju-da-ize (ju'dalze), v. i. To conform to Jewish rites. Ju'daVzing, p. prs. Judge (judj), n. One who pre- sides in a court of judicature; one who judges; a magistrate; an umpire: — v. i., to pass sen- tence ; to form an opinion : — v. t., to pass sentence upon; to ex- amine; to decide. *Judg'ing, p. prs. *Judge-ship (judj'shlp), n. The office or dignity of a judge. Judge-ment ) (judg'me : nt),7i. Pow- *Judg-ment J er of judging ; de- cision ; opinion; sagacity ; con- demnation; punishment inflicted for evil; the last doom. [63-16.] [283-10.] Ju-di-ca-tive (ju'de^ka-tlv), a. Having power to judge. Ju-di-ca-tor-y (ju'de v ka-turYe), n, A tribunal; a court of justice. *Ju'di v ca-tor x ies, n. pi. *Ju-di-ca-ture (ju'de v ka-ture), n. Power of distributing justice. *Ju-di-cial (ju-dlsh'al), a. Per- taining to courts of justice; practiced in the distribution of public justice; inflicted as a penalty. [103-17.] Ju-di-cial-ly (ju-dish'al x l&), ad. In a judicial manner; in the forms of legal justice. *Ju-di-cia-ry (ju-dish'aVe), a. Passing judgment upon : — »., courts of justice; the judges collectively. Ju-di-cious (ju-dlsh'us), a. Pru- dent, discerning, wise, sagacious. [184-1.] Ju-di-cious-ly (ju-dish'us le), ad. Wisely, prudently. Ju-di-cious-ness (ju-dish'uVne , s), n. Prudence, wisdom. Jug, n. A vessel, usually earthen, used for holding liquors, &o. Jug-gle (jug'gl), v. i. To play tricks by sleight of hand : — n. f a trick by legerdemain ; an im- posture. Jug'gling, p. prs. - JUN JUS nor, nSt— tube, tub, bull— 6il- -pMnd — thin, this. JUX #Jug-gler (jug'glur), n. One who practices jugglery. *Jug-gler-y (jtig'glur^), n. Leg- erdemain, sleight of hand. *Ju-gu-lar (ju'gu^lar), a. Be- longing to the throat. Juice (juse), n. The fluid of plants and animals. * Juice-less (juse'lls), a. Without moisture or sap. *Jui-ci-ness (ju'se x n§s), n. State of being juicy; plenty of juice. *Jui-cy (ju/se), a. [juicier — jui- ciest.] Moist; full of juice. Ju-jube (ju/jube), n, A plant and its fruit. Ju-lep (ju'lgp), n, A beverage; a liquid medicine. Jul-ian (jul'yan), a. Denoting the year as regulated by Julius Cassar : — see style. Ju-ly (ju-U'), n. The seventh month. Jum-ble (jum'bl), v. t. To mix confusedly together : — n., a con- fused mixture ; a mixture. *Jum'bling, p. prs. Jump, n. A leap, a skip, a bound : — v. %., to leap, to bound, to skip. Jump-er (jmnp'ur), n. One who jumps ; a kind of sleigh. Jun-cate. See junket. JuNc-TioN(jungk'shun), n. Act of joining, union, coalition. [69-30.] *Junc-ture (jungk'tshiir), n. A joint; critical time; connection of circumstances. June, n. The sixth month of the year. *Jun-gle (jung / gl), n, A thick cluster of shrubs, &c. *Ju-ni-or (ju'ne^ur or june'yur), a. Younger, later in rank or office : — n., a younger person. Ju-ni-per (ju/ne x pur), n. A plant. Junk (jungk), n. A Chinese or Japanese ship ; a piece of cable. *Junk-et (jungklt), v. i. To feast secretly : — n., a kind of sweet- meat; a secret entertainment. T Jun-to (jun't6), n. A council; a cabal. [365-16.] *Jun'toes, n. pi, *Ju-pi-ter (ju'pe'tur), n. One of the heathen deities ; a planet ; Jove. Ju-rat (ju/rat), n, A magistrate in some corporations. *Ju-rid-i-cal (ju-rid'e^kal), a. Pertaining to law ; acting in the distribution of justice. *Ju-rid-i-cal-ly (ju-rid'e x kal-le), ad. With legal forms. Ju-ris-con-sult ( x ju-ris-k6n'sult), . n. Among the Romans, a man learned in law. Ju-ris-dic-tion Qu-ris-dik'shun), n. Legal authority; extent of power; district. *Ju-ris-pru-dence ( > ju-ris-prS& r - d£nse), n. The science of law. *Ju-RIS-PRU-DEN-TIAL ( X ju-rls- pr66-den'shal), a. Belonging to, or denoting, jurisprudence. Ju-rist (ju'rist), n. One versed in the law; a civil lawyer; a civilian. *Ju-ror (ju'rur), n. One who serves on a jury. Ju-ry (ju're), n, A company of men sworn to deliver truth upon such evidence as shall be given before them touching the matter in question. *Ju'ries, n. pi. Ju-ry-man (ju're^man), n. One who is on a jury. Ju'ry'men, ii. pi. Ju-ry-mast (ju're^mast), ». A temporary mast. Just, a. Upright, honest; com- plete; full; impartial; accurate; appropriate : — ad., exactly, nice- ly, barely. *Jus-tice (jus'tis), n. Vindicative retribution; equity; right; a magistrate, a judge. [63-24.] [380-3.] *Jus-tice-ship (jus'tis^ship), n. The rank or office of a justice. 25 Jus-ti-ci-a-ry (jus-tish'e v a-re), n. One who administers justice. ^JUS-TI'CI^A-RIES, 11. pi. *Jus-ti-fi-a-ble (jus'te'fi-a'bl), a. Defensible by law or reason. Jus-ti-fi-a-ble-ness (jus'te^fi-a- N bl-nes), n. Rectitude; possi- bility of being fairly defended. Jus-Ti-Fi-A-BLY(jus'te r fi-a v ble),ac?. So as to be justified; rightly. Jus-ti-fi-ca-tion ( x jus-te-fe-ka'- shun), n. Defense, vindication ; the act by which a person is accounted righteous in the sight of God. *JUS-TIF-I-CA-T0R-Y (jUS-tlf e'ka- turVe), a. Tending to justify. Jus-ti-fi-er (jus'te^fi-ur), n. One who defends or justifies. Jus-ti-fy (jus't^fi), v. t. [prs, t, 3, justifies.] To clear from im- puted guilt; to defend; to vin- dicate ; to exculpate. * JuS r TI V FI-ED, p. prf, Jus-tle. See JOSTLE. Just-ly (just'le), ad. Uprightly, honestly; properly; exactly. Just-ness (just'n£s), n. Justice; equity; accuracy; precision. Jut, v. i. To shoot out or for- ward; to project: — n., a projec- tion ; a shooting forward. * Jut'ting, p. prs. Jut'ted, p. prf, *Ju-ye-nes-cence ( N ju-ve-ney- s£nse), n. A growing or becom- ing young. Ju-ve-nes-cent Cju-ve-nes'sent), n. A growing or becoming young. Ju-ve-nile (ju've x nil or ju've x nile), a. Youthful, suited to youth; pertaining to youth. Ju-VE-NiLE-NESS(ju / ve v nile-ne : s),n. Juvenility. *Ju-VE-NiL-i-TYpju-ve-nirie'te),7i. Youthfulness ; youth. *Jux-ta-po-si-tion ( r juks-ta-p6- zlsh'un), 11. The state of being placed by each other; nearness in place. 289 KEE KEY Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, KIN K(ka), n. The eleventh letter and the seventh consonant. The name is written Kay, and the plural Kays. In Chemistry, K. stands for Kalium (Potassium); in Europe, it is extensively used as an abbreviation of King's or Knight; thus, K.B. stand for King' 8 Bench, or Knight of the Bath. Kale, n. A kind of cabbage *KA-LEi-DO-scoPE(ka-li / d6 v sk6pe) n. An optical instrument which exhibits many varieties of form and color. Ka-li (ka'le), n. A sea- weed. *Kan-ga-roo (^kang-a-r&d'), «. An animal of Australia. *Ka-ty-did (ka'teMld), n. An insect like a grasshopper. Kaw. See caw. Kedge (kedje), v. t. To warp or move, as a ship: — »., a small anchor. Kedg'ing, p. prs. Keel, n. The bottom of a ship; the principal timber of a ship. *Keel-haul (keel'hawl), v. t. To punish by hauling under the keel. *Keel-son (kel'sun or keel'sdn), n. A piece of timber next to the keel : — sometimes written kelson. Keen, a. Sharp, severe ; acrimo- nious, bitter. Keen-ly (keen'le), ad. Sharply, vehemently ; bitterly. Keen-ness (keen'n&s), n. Sharp- ness ; asperity ; eagerness. Keep, v. t. [kept — kept.] To retain; to protect; to preserve; to hold; to maintain; to with- hold; to observe: — v. %., to last; to remain in a state; to dwell. Keep-er (keep'ur), n. One who or that which holds or keeps. * Keep-sake (keep'sake), n. A token of remembrance. Keeve (keev), n. A large tub. 290 3D, ) ,. L-ED, ]*&• Keg, n, A small barrel. Kelp, n. Sea-weed ; calcined ashes of sea-weed. Kel-son. See keelson. Kel-ter (keTtur), n. Order ; good condition. Ken, v. t. To see at a distance to descry : — n., view, reach of sight; knowledge. *Ken'ning, p. pre. *Ken'NED, p. prf. *Ken-nel (kln'nil), n. A cot for dogs; the hole of a fox or other beast ; a puddle ; a water-course — v. i., to dwell in a kennel :— v. t., to shut up in a kennel. Ken'nel x ing, ) *KEN'NEL V LING r i P ' P™' Ken'nel-ed, *Ken'nell Ken-tle. See quintal, Kept, pst, t. and p. prf. of keep. *Ker-chief (ker'tshlf), n. A head- dress ; a cover for the head or neck. *Kerf (kurf), «. The cut of an axe or saw. Kern, n. An Irish foot-soldier. *Ker-nel (keVnll), n. The sub- stance within a shell or husk. Ker-sey (keVze), n. Coarse woolen stuff. *Ker-sey-mere (keVze^mere), n. A fine, twilled, woolen cloth; cassimere. Ketch (ketsh), n. A heavy ship. Ketch'es, n. pi. Ketch-up. See catchup. Ket-tle (ket'tl), n. A vessel in which liquor is boiled. Ket-tle-Drum (kel'tlMriim), n. A drum made of brass or copper. Ket-tle-Drum-mer (ket/tlMrum- mur), n. One who beats upon a kettle-drum. Key (ke), n. An instrument to open or shut a lock ; part of a musical instrument; an index; an explanation ; that which ex- plains ; in Music, a fundamental note ; a quay. Key-age (ke'ij), n. Money paid for wharfage. Key-Board (ke'b6rd), n. In Mu- sic, the whole range of the keys of an organ or piano-forte. Keyed (keed), a. Furnished with keys. Key-hole (ke'h61e), n. The per- foration for a key. Key-stone (ke'stdne), n. The middle stone of an arch. *Khan (kawn or kan), n. A Tartar prince. *Kibe (kibe), ». An ulcerated chilblain. Kick (kik), v. t. To strike with the foot: — v. i., to thrust out the foot ; to resist : — n., a blow with the foot. KId, n. A young goat ; a bundle of furze. Kid-nap (kld'nap), v. t. To steal a human being. Kid'napVing, p. prs. *Kid'nap-ped, p. prf. Kid-nap-per (kid'nap x pnr), w. One who steals human beings. Kid-ney (kid'ne), n. A secreting gland; kind, sort. Kil-der-kin (kil'durMn), n, A small barrel, containing eighteen gallons or two firkins. KIll, v. t. or v. i. To deprive of life; to slaughter; to murder. Kill-er (kil'ur), n. One who kills. --Kiln (kll), n. A large stove or oven ; a fabric of brick or stone, constructed for drying, burning, or hardening. Kiln-dry (kil'drl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, kilndries.] To dry in a kiln. *Kiln'dried, p. prf. KIlt, n. A kind of short petti- coat, worn by the Scottish High- landers. Kim-bo (kim'b6), a. Crooked, arched, bent. K!n, n. Relation; a relative; kin- dred: — a., of the same nature; kindred. KIN KNA nor, not— tube, tub, bdll — 611 — pound— fAin, THis. KNE KInd, a. Benevolent; generous; obliging: — »., race, genus, sort; particular nature. Kin-dle (kin'dl), v. t. To set on fire ; to exasperate : — v. i. } to be roused, provoked, or exaspera- ted; to take fire. Kin'dling, p. prs. Kin-dler (kln'dlur), n. One who, or that which, kindles. Kind-li-ness (kind'le N nes), n. Af- fection, favor. Kind-ly (kind'le), ad. Benevo- lently ; with good- will : — a., con- genial, mild. Kind-ness (kind'ne's), n. Benevo- lence, good-will, beneficence. KlND'NESS^S, 11. pi. Kin-dred (kin'dred), n. sing, and pi. Relation, affinity; relatives — a., congenial ; related ; of like nature or properties. [60-20.] Kin'dred, \ 7 Kin'dbeds,} **■¥*• Kine, n. Old plural of cow. King, n. A monarch; a supreme ruler; a sovereign; a piece or card representing a king. King-craft (klng'kraft), n. The act or art of governing; the craft of kings. King-dom (klng'dum), n. The do- minion of a king; government; class; region. King-fish-er (king'fishMr), n. A sea-bird ; the halcyon. King-ly (king'le), a. [kinglier — kingliest.] Royal; august; monarchical. *King's-E-vil (klngz-e'vl), n. A scrofulous disease. KInk, n. A twist; an entangle- ment : — v. t., to entangle : — v. i., to become entangled. Kins-folk (kinz'fdke), n. pi. Re- lations. Kins -man (klnz'man), n. A man of the same race or family. [279-17.] Kins'men, n. pi. Kins-wom-an (kinz'wiiWun), n. A female relation. *Kins-wom-en (kinz'wim v mln), n. pi. Kip-skin (kip'skln), n. Leather prepared from the skin of young cattle. Kirk (kerk), n. The Church of Scotland. Kirk-man (kerk'man), n. One of the Church of Scotland. Kirk'men, n. pi. Kir-tle (kur'tl), n. An upper gar- ment; a short jacket; a mantle. Kiss (kls), v. t. To touch with the lips : — n., a salute given by joining lips; a small piece of confectionery. Kiss'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. K!t, n. A small fiddle ; a milk- pail ; a wooden bottle ; the tools of a shoemaker ; a kitten. Kitch-en (kitsh'ln), n. A room where provisions are cooked. Kitch-en-GtAR-den (kitsh'ln x gar- dn), 11. A garden for raising culinary plants. KIte, n. A bird of prey ; a name of reproach; a toy made of pa- per, to fly in the air: — v. i., to puff up the value of stocks for speculation. Kit'ing, p. prs.: — n., the raising of money by trick or on ex- aggerated or fictitious securities. Kith (kith), n. Acquaintance. Kit-ten (kit'tn), n. A young cat. Klick (klik), v: i. To make a small, sharp noise : — n., a sharp, quick noise. Knab (nab), v. t. To gnaw; to bite ; to lay hold of. Knab'bing, p. prs. Knab'bed,^). prf. Knack (nlk), n. A lucky dex- terity ; a nice trick ; a facility ; a readiness. Knag (nag), n. A hard knot in wood; a peg; a shoot in a deer's horn ; a knar, knarl, knurl. *Knag-gy (n&g'ge), a. [knaggier — knaggiest.] Full of knags. Knap (nap), n. A protuberance : — v. t., to bite; to break short; to snap. Knap'ping, p. prs. Knap'ped, p. prf. Knap-ple (nap'pl), v. t. To knap-, to bite or break short. Knap-sack (nap'sak), n. A sol- dier's provision-bag, carried on the back. Knar (nar), n. A hard knot in wood ; a knurl, a knarl. *Knarl (narl), n. A hard knot ; a knar, knag, knurl. Knarled (narld), a. Knotty: — often written gnarled. * Knave (nave), n. A dishonest man; a petty rascal; a kind of playing-card. Kna-ver-y (na'vurVe), n. Petty villainy; dishonesty. Kna'ver^ies, ii. pi. Kna-vish (na'vish), a. Dishonest, fraudulent. Kna-vish-ly (na'vishHe), ad. Dis- honestly, fraudulently. Kna-vish-ness (na'vish^nes), n. Knavery. Knead (ne&d), v. t. To work and press ingredients into a mass. Knee (nee), n. The joint between the leg and the thigh ; the angle where two pieces join. Knees (neez), n. pi. Kneed (need), a. Having knees or joints. Knee-deep (nee'deep), a. Sunk to the knees ; rising to the knees. Knee-high (ne&'hi), a. High as the knees. Kneel (neel), v. i. [kneeled or KNELT KNEELED Or KNELT.] To rest on the knee; to bend the knee. Knee-pan (nee'pan), n. The round bone on the front of the knee. 291 KNO KNO Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, KYA Knee-Trib-ute (nee' N trib-ute), n. Worship by kneeling; genu- flection. Knell (nel), n. The sound of a bell rung at a funeral. [89.] Knelt (nelt), pst. t. and p. prf. of kneel. Knew (nu), pst. t. of know. *Knick-Knack (nlk'nak), n. A toy; a trifle. Knife (nlfe), n. [p?. knives.] A cutting instrument. Knight (nlte), n. The rank of gentlemen next to baronets, with the title of Sir; a champion [126-2] : — v. t. y to dub or create a knight, f Knight-Er-rant (nlte-er'rant), n. A wandering knight in quest of adventures. *Knights-Er'rant, n. pi. Knight-Er-rant-ry (nlte-er'rant- v re), n. The character, manners, or feats of wandering knights. Knight-hood (nite'hud), n. The character or dignity of a knight; the order of knights. Knight-ly (nite'le), ad. As befits a knight : — a. [knightlier — knightliest], relating to or be- fitting a knight. Knit (nit), v. t. [knit or knitted — knit or knitted.] To make or unite by texture without a loom ; to weave with needles ; to unite closely; to draw together; to contract : — v. i., to weave with needles ; to become united. *Knit'ting, p. prs. Knit-ter (nlt'tur),**. One who knits. Knit-ting-Nee-dle (nit'tlngWe- dl), n. A wire used in knitting. KNiT-TiNG-SHEATH(nlt / tlng v shee^) n. A sheath or case for knit- ting-needles. Knives, n. pi. of knife. Knob (n6b), n. A protuberance; a bunch ; a round ball. *Knob-bed (n&bd), a. Set with knobs; knobby. 292 *Knob-bi-ness (n6b'be v nes), n. State of being knotty. Knob-by (nob'be), a. [knobbier — knobbiest.] Full of knots. Knock (n6k), v. i. To clash ; to beat; to strike against; to drive: — v. U, to dash together; to strike : — n., a sudden stroke ; a blow. (ap.p. — at, on, down.) Knocking, p. prs. : — n., a strik ing; a beating at the door. Knock-er (n6k'kur), n. The hammer of a door; one who knocks. Knoll (n61e), v. t. To ring a bell, usually for a funeral: — n., a little round hill or mount. [21-13.] Knop (n6p), n. A bunch; a bud; a protuberance. Knot (nSt), n. A complication of a cord or string; a tie; a hard part in a piece of wood; a joint in a plant ; a confederacy ; diffi- culty, intricacy; a cluster; a mile or division of the line which measures the distance sailed by a ship : — v. t., to complicate in knots ; to unite : — v. i. f to form knots. Knotting, p. prs. s-Knot'ted, p. prf. : — a., knotty. Knot-grass (not'gras), n. An oat-like grass ; a weed. Knot-less (n&t'le's), a. Without knots or difficulty. *Knot-ti-ness (n6t'te v nes), n. In- tricacy ; fulness of knots. Knot-ty (n6t'te), a. [knottier — knottiest.] Full of knots; in- tricate, difficult; hard. Knout (n6ut), n. In Russia, an instrument of punishment, re- sembling a whip : — v. t., to pun- ish with the knout. Know (nd), v. t. [knew — known.] To perceive with certainty; to distinguish ; to have knowledge of; to recognise : — v. i., to have clear and certain perception ; to be informed. Knows (nbze),prs. t. 3. Know'ing, p. prs. : — a., skilful ; intelligent; cunning. Know-a-ble (no'a'bl), a. Capable of being known. Know-ing-ly (n6 / ing > le), ad. With skill or knowledge. Knowl-edge (n61'ledje), n. Truth ascertained; certain perception ; learning ; skill; acquaintance ; cognizance; information; intel- ligence ; notice. Known (n6ne), p. prf. of know. (ap. p. — to.) Knuck-le (nuk'kl), n. The joint of the finger protuberant when the hand is closed; the knee- joint of a calf: — v. i., to submit in a contest. *Knuck'ling, p. prs. Knuck'led, p. prf. : — a., jointed. Knur (nur), ) n. A knot in Knurl (nurl), J wood ; a knag. *Knur-ly (nur'le), a. [knurlier — knurliest.] Knotty. Koo-doo (k&&'d&&), n. A species of antelope. Ko-peck (k6'pek), n. A Russian copper coin, about the size of a cent. Ko-ran (k6'ran), n. The book of the Mohammedan faith : — writ- ten alcoran and alkoran. Kos-ter (k6s'tur), n. A species of sturgeon. *Kra-al (kra'al), n. A village of rude huts in South Africa. Kra-ken (kra'ken), n. A fabu- lous marine monster. Kra-ma (kra'ma), n. A wooden sandal worn by women in India. Krem-lin (krem'lin), n. In Russia, the imperial palace, together with the arsenal and other pub- lic buildings in Moscow. Kre-o-sote. See creosote. : Ky-an-ize (ki'anHze), v. t. To preserve timber by using corro- sive sublimate. Ky'anVzing, p. prs. LAB LAC n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p5und — thin, THis. LAG L(el), n. The twelfth letter and the eighth consonant is also a semi-vowel and a liquid. The name is written Ell, and the plural Ells. As a numeral it signifies 50; because, as Day surmises, it resembles the lower half of C. L.S. stand for locus sigilli [place of the seal), LL.D. for Leg um Doctor (Doctor of Laws), and £ for libra [pi. librse] {pound sterling). La (law), in. See ! look ! behold ! La-bel (la'bl), n. A small slip of paper containing a name or title: — v. t., to fix on a label; to mark. La'beiAng, ) pt8. Sliding, *La'bel n ling. La'bel-ed, \ - *La'bell-ed, J P'P r J' La-bent (la'be'nt), a. gliding, slipping. *La-bi-al (la'be v al), a. Uttered by the lips : — n., a letter pro- nounced by the lips ; as, p, b, f, v. La-bor (la'bur), n. Pains; toil; work; drudgery: — v. i., to toil; to do work; to move with diffi- culty; to be afflicted with (op. p, — under) ; to be in distress : — v. L, to work at; to toil ; to prose- cute with effort; to drudge. LAB-o-RA-TOR-Y(lab'6-ra N tur-r£),n. A chemist's work-room: a work- shop. Lab'o-ra^tor-ies, n. pi. La-bor-er (la'bur v ur), n. One who labors ; a workman. La-bo-ri-ous (la-b6're x ds), a. Diligent in work ; assiduous ; tiresome; employing labor; re- quiring labor. La-bo-ri-ous-ly (la-bd're N ds-le), ad. With labor, with toil. La-bo-ri-ous-ness (la-b6Wus- n£s), n. Toilsomeness ; diffi- culty; assiduity. *Lab-y-rinth (lab'beVin^), n. A maze; a place formed with in- extricable windings; any thing extremely intricate. [141.] *Lab-y-rinth-i-an ( x lab-be-rln^'- e N an), a. Winding, intricate. *Lac (lak), n. A resinous sub- stance ; in India, a sum of money equal to one hundred thousand rupees. Lace (lase), n. An ornamental trimming; a cord; ornaments of fine thread curiously woven : — v. t., to fasten with a string; to adorn with gold or silver tex- tures sewed on; to embellish with variegations; to beat; to whip. Lacking, p. prs. See lacing. Lac-er-a-ble (las'sur v a-bl), a. Capable of being torn. Lac-er-ate (las'sur^ate), v. t. To rend ; to tear. [87-33.] Lac'er n a-ting, p. prs. *Lac-er-a-tion (Has-stir-a'shun), n. The act of tearing ; a rent. Lac-er-a-tive (las'sur v a-tlv), a. Having power to tear. *La-cer-ta (la-ser'ta), n. A kind of lizard. *Lach-ry-mal (lakWmal), a. Generating tears. Lach-ry-ma-ry (lakWma-r6), a. Containing tears. Lach-ry-ma-tor-y (lak'r£-ma x tur- r&), n. A vessel for preserv- ing tears. Lach'ry-ma^tor-ies, n. pi. Lac-ing (lase'ing), n. A string for drawing tight. Lack (lak), v. t. To want: — v. i., to be in want : — n., want, need, failure ; a lac in money. Lack-a-dai-si-cal (Hak-a-da'ze^ ^kl), a. Languid and moping. Lack-brain (lak'brane), n. One who wants sense or wit. Lack-ee W, kflr) fAkind ^Lac-quer j v " ( of var- nish : — v. t., to coat with lacquer. 25* Lack-ey (lak'k£), n. An attend- ing servant ; a foot-boy : — v. i. 9 to pay servile attendance. Lack-lus-tre (lak' N lus-tur), a. Without brightness. La-con-ic (l&-k&n'lk), \ La-con-i-cal (la-k6n'e x kal), J a ' Short, brief. La-con-i-cal-ly (la-k6n'e N kal-l^), ad. Briefly, concisely. Lac-o-nism (lak'6 x nlzm or la'k&n- x lzm), n. A concise style. Lac-quer. See lacker. Lac-ta-ry (lak'taVe), a. Milky — n., a house where milk is kept. *Lac'ta v ries, n. pi. Lac-te-al (lak't6 v al), a. Convey- ing chyle : — n., a vessel which conveys chyle from the intestines. Lac-te-an (lak'te v an), } „.„ Lac-te-ous (lak'te N us), j °" MliKy# Lac-tic (lak'tik), a. Pertaining to, or procured from, milk. Lac-tip-er-ous (lak-tifur N us), a. Conveying milk or white juice. Lad, n. A boy, a stripling. Lad-der (lad'dur), n. A frame with steps ; a gradual rise. Lade, v. t. [laded — laded or laden.] To load; to freight; to heave out. La'ding, p. prs. : — »., weight, bur- den, freight. L A ' D e n, p. p rf. (ap. p. — with . ) La-dle (la'dl), n. A large, deep spoon ; a vessel with a Ion g handle. La-dy (la'd£), n. A woman of rank; a well-bred woman; a title of respect. La' dies, n. pi. *La-dy-Day ( v la-de-da'), n. The day of the annunciation to the Virgin Mary; March 25th. La-dy-ship (la'de'shlp), n. The title of a lady. Lag, a. Coming behind: — n., the lowest class; the fag-end : — v. ?'., to loiter; to move slowly. [61-15.] *Lag'ging, p. prs. *Lag'ged, p. prf. 293 LAM LAN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met— pine, pln- -n&, mSve, LAN La-ger-Beer (la'gur x beer), n. A light, German beer. Lag-gard (lag'gurd), a. Slug- gish, backward, slow: — n. y one who lags behind, a loiterer. La-ic (la'ik), n. A layman : — a., laical. *La-i-cal (la'e^kal), a. Belong- ing to the laity. Laid (lade), pst. t. and^.jor/.ofLAY. Laid-Up (lade-up'), a. Deposited; confined to bed; noting the situ- ation of a ship that is unrigged and unused. Lain (lane), p. prf. of lie. *Lair (lare), n. The couch of a wild beast. Laird (lard), n. A Scottish lord ; the lord of a manor. #La-i-ty (la'eHe), n. The people distinguished from the clergy. L Arties, n. pi. Lake (lake), n. A large body of water surrounded by land; a deep red color made of cochineal. La-ma (la'ma), n. The object of worship in Tartary; a Tartar sovereign ; a beast of burden. Lamb (lam), n. A young sheep. Lam-bent (lam'bent), a. Playing about; gliding over with out harm. LAMB-KiN(lam'kln),n. A little lamb. *LAMB , s-WooL(lamz'wul),n. The wool of a lamb ; a beverage. Lame, a. Disabled, crippled, im- perfect (ap.p. — in, of): — v. t. f to disable ; to make lame. La'ming, p. prs. Lam-el (lam^l), \ • A La-mel-la (la-mSl'la), j n * A thin plate or scale. Lam'els, j , La-mel'l^e, J n ' & * *LAM-EL-LAR(lam , §lMar)a.Formed of, or disposed in, thin plates. Lam-el-la-ted (lain'eTla-te'd), a. Covered with, or disposed in, thin plates or scales. 294 Lame-ly (lame'le), ad. Like a cripple. Lame-ness (lame'ne's), n. State of a cripple; imperfection; im- potence; weakness. La-ment (la-me'nt'), v. i. To mourn ; to grieve [232-26] : — v. t., to bewail ; to sorrow for ; to deplore : — n., lamentation ; an expression of sorrow ; an elegy. *Lam-ent-a-ble (lam'ent^a-bl), a. To be lamented ; mournful ; de- serving sorrow. Lam-ent-a-bly (lam'entfa-ble), ad. Pitifully, mournfully. LAM-EN-TA-TiON( x lam-en-ta'shun), n. Expression of sorrow, audible grief. [224-8.] La-ment-er (la-me'nt'ur), n. One who mourns or laments. Lam-i-na (lam'e x na), n. One coat laid over another; a thin plate. *Lam'i v njb, n. pi. Lam-i-nar (larn'e^nar), a. Plated. Lam-i-na-ted (lam'e^na-te'd), a. Consisting of plates or scales. *#Lam-mas (lam'mas), n. The 1st of August. Lamp, n. A vessel containing an inflammable substance in which a wick is fired to afford light; the light thus produced. *Lam-pass (lam'pas), n. A lump of flesh in the roof of a horse's mouth. Lamp-black (lamp'blak), n. A fine soot; the condensed smoke of burning pitch or other resin- ous substances. Lam-poon (latn-pSSn'), n. A per- sonal satire in writing; abuse: — v. t. y to abuse with personal satire. Lam-poon-er (lam-p66n'ur), n. A writer of personal satire. *Lam-prey (lain'pre), n. A kind of eel. *La-na-ry (la'na v r&), n. A store- place for wool. *La-nate (la'nit), a. Woolly. Lance (lanse), n. A long spear : — v. t., to pierce; to cut with a Lan'cing, p. prs. [lancet. *Lan-ce-o-late (lan'se'6-lit), a. Shaped like a lance. Lan-cer (lan'sur), n. One armed with a lance ; one who lances. Lan-cet (lan'slt), n. A small, pointed surgical instrument. Lanch (lansh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, lanches.]To hurl : — see launch. *Lan-ci-nate (lan'se x nate), v. t. To tear ; to rend. Lan'ci^ na-ting, p. prs. Land, n. A country ; ground ; a region ; soil ; real estate ; earth ; nation ; people : — v. t., to set on shore : — v. i., to come on shore. (ap.p. — at.) Landing, p. prs. : — n., the top of stairs ; a place to land at. Land'ed, p. prf. : — a., possessing land ; consisting in land. Land-am-man (l&nd'ain^man), n. The chief officer of Switzerland. *Lan-dau (lan'daw or lan-daw'), n. A coach whose top may be oc- casionally open. Land-fall (l&nd'fal), n. A trans- fer of land. Land-flood (land'fiud), n. An inundation. Land-force (land'forse), n. A military force serving on land. Land-grave (land'grave), n. A German prince or landholder. *LAND-GRA-vi-ATE(land-gra / veit) n. The jurisdiction of a landgrave. Land-gra-vine (land'graVeen), n. The wife of a landgrave. Land-hold-er (land'h61d x ur), n. One who owns land. Land-job-ber (land'j&Vbtir), n. One who buys and sells land. Land-la-dy (land'laMe), n. A woman who has tenants holding from her; the mistress of an inn. *Land'la v dies, n. pi. LAND-LESs(land'l&s),a. Destitute of land; having no property in land. LAN LAP n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611- -pMnd — thin, this. LAR Land-lock (landlftk), v. t. To shut in or enclose with land. Land-lo-per (land'16 v pur), n. A vagrant. Land-lord (land'lSrd), n. A man who owns land or houses; the master of an inn. Land-lub-ber (land'luVbur), n. A landsman (in contempt). Land-man. See landsman. Land-mark (land'mark), n. A mark to preserve boundaries; an object on land to guide sea- men.f Land-of-fice (land M Sf-fis), n. An office in which land is bought and sold. Land-scape (land'skape), n. A portion of country which the eye can survey at one view ; a pic- ture of a land view. Land-slide (land'sllde), ) Land-slip (land'sllp), J n ' A mass of land that slides down a mountain. Lands-man (landz'man), n. One who lives or serves on land; a sailor on his first voyage. Lands'men, n. pi. Land-Tax (land'taks), n. Tax paid upon land and houses. Land'-Tax v es, n. pi. Land-wait-er (l£nd'wate v ur), n. A custom-house officer. Land-ward (land'ward), ad. To- wards the land. Lane, n. A narrow way or pas- sage ; a narrow street. Lan-grage (lang'grlj), J Lan-grel (lang'grel), J A kind of chain-shot. Lan-guage (laug'gwlj), n. Human speech ; the tongue of one nation as distinct from others ; style. Lan-guid (lang'gwid), a. Faint, weak. [98-11.] [204-11.] Lan-guid-ly (lang'gwidle), ad. Weekly, feebly, faintly. Lan-gtjid-ness (lang'gwld x ne , s), n. Weakness, feebleness. Lan-guish (lang'gwish), v. i. [prs. t. 3, languishes.] To pine away; to grow feeble; to fade. LAN-GuiSH-iNG-LY(lang'gwish r lng- le), ad. Weakly, feebly, faintly. Lan-guish-ment (lang'gwish- v ment), n. State of pining ; soft- ness of mien. *Lan-guor (lang'gwur), n. A faintness, feebleness, lassitude. *La-ni-ate (la'ne N ate), v. t. To tear in pieces ; to lacerate. La'ni x a-ting, p. prs. La-nif-er-ous (la-niffuYtis), ) *La-nig-er-ous (la-nijWus), J a ' Producing wool. Lank (langk), a. Loose; slender, lean ; not filled up. Lank-ness (langk'nes), n. Want of plumpness, leanness. Lan-tern (lan'turn), n. A case for a candle ; a lighthouse ; a small dome over the roof of a build- ing : — a., thin, haggard. *La-nu-gin-ous (la-nu'jln^us), a. Downy. *"Lan-yard (lan'yurd), n. A small rope or piece of cord. Lip, n. The loose part of a gar- ment; the part formed by the knees in a sitting posture : — v. t., to wrap or twist round ; to lick up: — v. ?'., to be extended over; to feed by licking. Lap'ping, p. prs. Lap'ped, p. prf. Lap-dog (lap'd6g), n. A little dog kept as a pet. La-pel (la-pel'), n. That part of a coat which laps over. Lap-ful (lap'fiil), n. As much as can be contained in the lap. Lap-i-da-ry (lap'eMa-re), n. One who deals in stones or gems : — a., pertaining to the art of cut- ting stones. *LapVda-ries, n. pi. Lap-i-date (lap'e N date), v. t. To stone ; to kill by stoning. LapVda-ting, p. prs. *La-pid-e-ous (la-pid'e x us), a. Stony. *Lap-i-des-cence (Hap-e-deV- sense), n. Stony concretion. LAP-i-DES-CENT( x lap-e-deysent),a. Turning into stone. Lap-i-dif-ic Oap-e-dif'ik), a. Forming stone. La-pid-i-fy (la-pid'eYi), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, lapidifies.] To turn into stone. La-pid'i x fi-ed, p. prf. Lap-i-dist (lap'e v dist), n. A lapi- dary, a dealer in stones or gems. *La-pis Laz-u-li ( x la-pis-laz'u'li), n. A stone of an azure color. Lap-per (lap'pur), n. One who laps ; one who wraps or folds. Lap-pet (lap'plt), n. A part of a dress that hangs loose. Lapse (laps), n. Flow, fall; a petty error ; smooth course : — v. i., to fall by degrees; to fall from truth or faith. Lap/ sing, p. prs. Lap-stone (lap'st6ne), n. A stone on which shoemakers beat their leather. Lap-wing (lap'wing), n. A bird. Lar, n. A household god. *La-res (la'reez), n. pi. *Lar-board (lar , b6rd), n. The left-hand side of a ship on facing the prow. [209-5.] Lar-ce-ny (lar'se v ne), n. A petty ^Lar'ce'nies, n. pi. [theft. Larch (lartsh), n. A species of fir-tree. Larch'es, n. pi. Lard, n. Grease of swine : — v. t. t to stuff with bacon ; to fatten. *Lar-da-ceous (lar-da'shus), a. Relating to lard. Lar-der (lar'dur), n. The place where meat is kept or salted. La'res. See under lar. Large (larj), a. Big, bulky, wide; liberal; copious, abundant. Large-ly (larj'le), ad. Widely; liberally. 295 LAS LAT Fate, far, fall, f^tt — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m&ve, LAT Large-ness (larj'ne's), n. Exten- sion, bigness ; liberality. *Lar-gess (lar'jes), w. A bounty, a present, a gift. Lar'gess^es, n. pi. Lar-i-at (lar'e v at), n. A kind of lasso. Lark, n. A small singing-bird ; a low kind of frolic ; a scapegrace. Lark-spur (lark'spur), n. A plant and its flower. Lar-um (lar'um), n. Noise noting danger. Lar-va (lar'va), n. An insect in the caterpillar state: — see cat- erpillar. **Lar'vjE, n. pi. LAR-VA-TED(lar'vaHed), a. Masked. *La-ryn-ge-al ( x la-rin-je'al), a. Relating to the larynx. *Lar-ynx (lar'ingks), n. The windpipe. Lar'ynx^es, n. pi. *Las-car (las'kar or las-kar'), n. In India, a native seaman. LAS-civ-i-ous(la-slv'e r us),a.Lewd. Las-civ-i-ous-ly (la-siv'e N us-le), ad. Wantonly, loosely. *Las-civ-i-ous-ness (la-slv'e N us- nes), n. Wantonness, looseness. Lash, n. A stroke with any thing pliant; thong or point of a whip ; sarcasm : — v. t., to strike ; to scourge ; to tie down ; to satir- ize; to censure severely. Lash'es, n. pi. &ia&pr8. t. 3. Lass, n. A girl, a young woman. Lass'es, n. pi. *Las-si-tude (las'seHude), n. Fa- tigue, weariness. Las-so (las's6), n. A noosed rope or strap, used for catching wild horses, g6, len-tl'gd, or len-te'g6), n. A freckly or scurvy eruption upon the skin. Len'ti^goes, n. pi. Len-til (len'tll), n. A kind of pulse, like a pea or bean. Le-o (le'6), n. The fifth sign of the zodiac, the Lion. Le-o-nine (leonine), a. Belong- ing to, or having the nature of, a lion. *Leop-ard (le*p'pu.rd), n. A spot- ted beast of prey. *Lep-er (lep'ur), n. One infected with leprosy. Lep-o-rine (lep'oVlne), a. Be- longing to, or having the nature of, a hare. Lep-ro-sy (lepWse), n. A loath- some cutaneous disease which covers the body with white, dry, scurfy scales. *Lep'ro v sies, n. pi. *Lep-rous (lep'rus), a. Causing leprosy, infected with leprosy. *Le-sion (le'zhun), n. A wound, bruise, or injury. Less, a. [com. of little.] Not so much ; not so large : — ad., in a smaller degree: — n., a smaller quantity or degree : — see lesser. *Les-see (les-see'), n. The person to whom a lease is given. Les-sen (les'sn), v. t. To dimin- ish; to deprive of power or dig- nity: — v. i., to grow less; to shrink. ; Les'sen^ing, p. prs. LET LEV n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611— pMnd- -thm, THis. LIB Les-ser (les'sur), a. [com. of little when it contrasts with great.] Not so great in size. j^* 5 - Less and lesser, the two comparatives of little, are not equivalent terms. Little contrasts with great, and also with much; and it is only when it contrasts with great that lesser is properly used as its comparative; as, " Lesser Asia." Less sometimes con- trasts with greater, often with more the comparative of much, but never with more the com- parative of many ; as, " less than three" should be "fewer than three." G. Brown. Les-son (les'sn), n. Any thing read or repeated to a teacher; a precept; a truth taught by ex- perience. *Les-sor (les'sdr), n. One who grants a lease. Lest, con. d. That not; for fear that. Let, v. t. [let — let.] To put to hire; to allow; to suffer: — n., hinderance, obstacle. Let'ting, p. prs. Le-thal (le'^al), a. Deadly, fatal. Le-thar-gic (le-*Aar'jik), a. Dull, drowsy, sleepy. [279-22.] *Leth-ar-gy (leWar'je), n. Dul- ness, morbid drowsiness. Leth'ar^gies, n. pi. *Le-the (Wthe), n. Oblivion; a draught of oblivion. Le-the-an (le-tfAe'an), a. Causing oblivion. Le-thif-er-ous (le-^if'ur x us), a. Deadly, causing death. Let-ter (let'tiir), «. A mark or character representing a sound; an epistle ; a written message ; a printing type ; the literal mean- ing : — v. L, to mark or stamp with letters. Let'ter n ing, p. prs. : — n., the act of making letters; the letters made. Let'ter-ed, p. prf. : — a., marked or stamped with letters ; learned. Let-ter-Press (let'tur^pres), n. Letters and words printed. Let'ters,^. pi. Learning,literature. Let-tuce (let'tis), n. A plant. Le-vant (le-vant' )> n. The East, particularly those coasts of the Mediterranean east of Italy. Le-vant (le'vant or ld-vant'), a. Eastern. Le-vant-er (l£-vant'ur), n. A strong easterly wind. Le-vant-ine (l£-vant'in or leVan- Hine), a. Belonging to the Levant. Lev-ee (leVe or 13-vee'), n. The time of rising ; a crowd of at- tendants; an embankment. Lev-el (lev'il), a. Parallel to the horizon ; even, smooth : — n., a flat surface ; a plain ; a stand- ard; state of equality; an in- strument for finding or drawing horizontal lines [257-21]: — v. t., to make even ; to lay flat ; to point in taking aim. (op. p. —with.) Lev'el^ing, I *Lev'el x ling, J p ' pr8 ' ,. } P-P r f- | (leviriiir), n. Lev'el-ed, •■•Lev'ell-ed, Lev-el-er *Lev-el-ler One who makes any thing even one who destroys distinctions. Lev-el-ness (levlPnes), n. Even- ness, smoothness. *Le-ver (le'vur or leVur), n. A mechanical power, used to raise a weight; a bar or beam. Lev-er-et (leVurN^t), n. A young hare. *Le-vi-a-than (le-vl'aVAan), n. A large sea-animal, mentioned in the book of Job.f Lev-i-gate (levigate), v. t. To pulverize ; to polish ; to make smooth. Lev'i x ga-ting, p. prs. 2o Lev-i-ga-tion (Mev-e-ga'shun), n. The act of levigating. Le-vite (Invite), n. One of the tribe of Levi; a priest. Le-vit-i-cal (le-vit'e x kal), a. Be- longing to the Levites; priestly. Lev-i-ty (lev'e x te), n. Lightness ; vanity ; trifling gayety. [82.] LevVties, n. pi. *Lev-y (leVve), n. The act of raising men or money; money or men raised ; a rate : — v. t., to raise men or money; to collect by assessment. Lev'ies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Lev'ied, p. prf. Lewd (lude), a. Wicked, lustful. Lewd-ness (lude'ne's), n. Lustful licentiousness. Lex-i-cal (l^ks'e^kal), a. Relating to a dictionary. Lex-i-cog-ra-pher ( N l£ks-e-k6g'- ra x fur), n. A writer of a diction- ary. [237-14.] Lex-i-co-graph-ic (H^ks-e-k6- graf'lk), a. Relating to lexi- cography. Lex-i-cog-ra-phy (^ks-e-kftg'ra- v fe), n. The art or act of com- posing dictionaries. Lex-i-col-o-gy ( x leks-e-k61'16 v je), n. The science of words. *Lex-i-con (leks'e^k6n), n. A dic- tionary ; a word-book ; a vocab- ulary. [240-15.] Ley. See lea. *Ley-den-Jar (li'd£n v jar), n. A jar used to accumulate electricity. Li-a-bil-i-ty ( x li-a-bil'le N te), J Li-a-ble-ness (ll'a x bl-n^s), J **" The state of being liable; re- sponsibility. Li-a-ble (li'a N bl), a. Bound in law or equity; responsible; sub- ject, [273-19.] Li-ar (ll'ur), n. One who tells falsehoods in order to deceive. Li-ba-tion (li-ba'shun), n. The act of pouring out wine in honor of a deity; wine so poured. 301 LIB LIC Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n&, mSve, LIF Li-bel (li'b&l), n. A defamatory writing; a lampoon; a charge against a ship or goods for vio- lating revenue laws: — v. t. y to lampoon; to defame by writing; to bring a charge before an ad- miralty court : — v. i. } to speak or write defamation. Li'bel x ing, J ^Li'belYing, J p ' prs. | (11'beHant), n. Li'bel-ed, *Li'bell- Li-bel- ant #Ll-BEL-LANT One who prosecutes for libel, One guilty of libel. Li-bel-ous | (H'beTlus), a. *Ll-BEL-LOUS J v n Defamatory, abusive. Lib-er-al (lib'eVal), a. Munifi- cent, generous, bountiful ; large- hearted, (ap.p.— to,of.) [186-14.] Lib-er-al-i-ty ( v llb-er-al'le N te), n. Munificence, generosity ; candor. [152-10.] *Lib-er-al-ize (Hb'eVal-lze), v. t. To make liberal. Lib'er v al-i v zing, p. prs. Lib-er-al-ly (lib'eVal-le), ad. Bountifully, largely, freely. Lib-er-ate (Hb'eVate), v. t t To free from confinement; to re- lease from bondage. Lib'er x a-ting, p. prs. Lib-er-a-tion flib-er-a'shun), n. The act of delivering from con- finement or restraint. Lib-er-a-tor (Hib-er-a'tur), n. A deliverer. Lib-er-tine (Hb'eVtln), n. One who lives without restraint ; one who pays no regard to the pre- cepts of religion : — a., dissolute, licentious, irreligious. Lib-er-tin-ism (lib'er x tln-lzm), n. Licentiousness of opinion and practice ; debauchery, dissolute- ness, lewdness. 302 Lib-er-ty (lib'eVte), n. Privilege, immunity, permission. Lib'er n ties, n. pi. Li-bid-i-nous (l£-bld'e v nus), a. Lewd, lustful, licentious. Li-bra (li'bra), n n. The Balance, the seventh sign in the zodiac. Li-bra-ri-an (li-bra're r an), n. One who has the care of a library. Li-bra-ry (li'braVe), n. A large collection of books ; a house or room for books. Li'bra v ries, n. pi. Li-brate (li'brate), v. U To bal- ance ; to poise. Li'bra^ting, p. prs. Li-bra-tion (li-bra'shun), n. The act of balancing, or state of be- ing balanced. Li-bra-tor-y (U'braHur-re), a. Balancing. Lice (lise), n. pi. of louse. *Li-cense (li'sense), n. Liberty ; permission; excess of liberty; abuse of freedom [238-4] : — v. t., to authorize ; to grant leave ; to permit. Li'cen^sing, p. prs. *Li-cens-er (li'sens x ur), n. One who grants licenses. *Li-cen-ti-ate (li-seVshe x lt), n. One who has a license to prac- tice a profession. *Li-cen-tious (11-sen'shus), a. Unrestrained, dissolute. Li-CEN-Tious-LY(li-s§n / shus y le),ad With too much liberty. Li-CEN-Tious-NESS^i-sen'simsWs) n. Boundless liberty, contempt of just restraint. *Li-chen (li'ken or lik'en), n. A rock-moss ; a tetter. Lick (Ilk), v. I. To pass over with the tongue: — w., a blow; a stroke. *Lick-er-ish (lik'er x lsh), a. Nice in the choice of food; delicate; eager to enjoy. *Lic-or-ice (Hk'uVls), n. A root of sweet taste. *Lic-tor (lik'tur), n. An officer of ancient Rome. LId, n. A cover. Lie (11), n. A criminal falsehood; a false statement intended to deceive, an untruth: — see false- hood : — v. i. [lied — lied], to tell a lie : — [lay — lain] to be at rest in a horizontal position ; to rest; to remain : — see lay. Ly'ing, p. prs. *Lief (leef ), ad. Willingly, gladly. *Liege (leeje), a. Bound by feudal tenure : — n., a sovereign, superior lord. Lie'ges, n. pi. *Lien (le'en or ll'e'n), n. A legal claim to property by a creditor. Lieu (lu), n. Stead, place. [174-10.] *Lieu-ten-an-cy (lu~teVan v se or lev-ten'an v se), n. The office of a lieutenant; the body of lieu- tenants. Lieu-ten' angles, n. pi. Lieu-ten-ant (lii-teVant or leV- ten'ant), n. One who supplies the place of another in his ab- sence ; a deputy ; an officer next below a captain. Lieu-ten-ant-ship (hi-teVant- N ship or lev-ten'ant\shlp), n. The rank or office of lieutenant. *Lieve (leev), ad. Willingly, lief. LIfe, n. [pi. lives.] Union of the soul with the body; exist- ence, animation, vitality ; spirit, energy; conduct; biographical narration; exact resemblance; a quickening, animating principle ; supreme felicity. Life-boat (life'bote), w. A boat to preserve life. Life-Estate (Ufe'eVtate), n. An estate held during one's life. Life-less (llfe'les), a. Dead, in- animate. Life-less-ly (Hfe'leVle), ad. With- out animation or vigor. Life-time (llfe'tline), n. Duration of life. LIG LIK nSr, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pSund — thin, this. LIM Lift, v. t. To raise ; to elevate : — v. i., to try to raise : — »., the act or manner of lifting ; a hard struggle ; weight lifted. Lig-a-ment (lig'a^ment), n. A fibrous structure which serves to unite bones or to form articula- tions,* a membranous fold; a cord. Lig-a-ment-otts fllg-a-me'nt'us), a, Relating to, or resembling, liga- ments. Li-ga-tion (ll-ga'shun), n. The act of binding, confinement. Lig-a-ttjre (lig'a v ture), n. A cord or thread ; a bandage ; a double letter, as ff ; the line [ ^ ] used to connect the written notes in music. Light (lite), n. The medium of vision; that which gives light; day ; point of view ; knowledge : — a., bright, clear; not heavy; not difficult ; easy ; active, gay : — v. t. [lighted or lit — lighted or lit], to set fire to ; to illumi- nate : — v. i., to fall on ; to hap- jjen to find ; to descend ; to rest. Light-en (li'tn), v. i. To flash with light : — v. t., to illuminate ; to al- leviate; to cheer; to exhilarate; to unload. Light-er (llte'ur), a. com. : — n., a boat for lightening ships of their cargo ; one who kindles. Light-fin-ger-ed (lite-flng'gtird), a. Thievish. Light-foot-ed (lite-fiit'ld), a. Swift in running. Light-head-ed (lite-hgd'de'd), a. Unsteady; delirious; giddy. Light-heart-ed (lite-hart'£d), a. Gray, merry. Light-horse (llte'hdrse), n. Light- armed cavalry. Light-house (Hte'h6use), n. A high building, at the top of which lights are placed to guide ships at night. Light-hous-es (llte'houz^iz), n. pi. Light-ly (lite'le), ad. Without weight; easily, cheerfully. Light-mind-ed (llte-mind'ed), a. Unsettled, unsteady, giddy. Light-ness (lite'nes), n. Levity; inconstancy ; want of weight. Light-ning (lite'ning), n. The electric flash that generally pre- cedes thunder. Light-ning-Rod (Hte'ningV&d), n. A metallic rod or conductor to protect from lightning. Lights (lites), n. pi. The lungs of brutes. Light-some (lite'sum), a. Lumi- nous, gay, cheering. Light-some-ness (lite'sum^nSs), n. The state of being lightsome; cheerfulness, levity. *Lig-ne-ous (lig'ne x us), a. Made of wood, wooden. *Lig-ni-form (lig'ne^fSrm), a. Re- sembling wood. Lig-ni-fy (llg'ne^fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3 lignifies.] To convert into wood: — v. i., to become wood. *Lig'ni x fi-ed, p. prf. Lig-nin } /it / ? \ f The L IG -nin E j ^n^),n. { W oody fibre of plants. Lig-nite (lig'nite), n. Wood con- verted into a kind of coal. *Lig-num-Vi-t^e ( v lig-num-vi'te), n. A very hard wood; guaiacum. Like, a. Resembling ; probable ; equal : — ad., in the same man- ner; likely: — n., equal; like- ness : — v. t., to be pleased with ; to approve ; to relish : — v. i., to be pleased ; to choose. Li'king, p. prs. : — n., inclination. Like-li-hood (llke'le v hud), n. Ap- pearance ; probability. Like-ly (like'le), a. [likelier — likeliest.] Such as may please; probable : — ad., probably, as may reasonably be thought. Li-ken (li'kn), v. t. To represent as having resemblance. (ap. p.— to.) Like-ness (like'ne's), n. Resem- blance ; a portrait. Like'ness x es, n. pi. Like-wise (like'wlze), ad. In like manner; moreover, also. *Li-lac (li'lak), n. A flowering shrub : — often written lilach. Lil-y (lil'le), n. A plant and its flower. *Lil'ies, n. pi. Lil-y-Liv-er-ed (lil'le^llv-urcfc), a. Cowardly. *Limb (lim), n. A member; an edge; a branch; a border: — v. t. f to supply with limbs; to dismember. *Limb-ing (lim'ming), p. prs. -Limb-ed (limd), p. prf. Lim-ber (llm'bur), a. Flexible, pliant : — v. t., to attach to limbers. Lim-bers (lim'burz), n. pi. Two wheels and a shaft with which cannon are drawn. Lim-ber-ness (Em'bur x n§s), n. Flexibility. Lim-bo (lim'b&), n. A place of restraint; a region bordering on hell. -Lim-bos (Hm'b6ze), n. pi. Lime, n. A viscous substance (properly written bird-lime) ; a calcareous matter of which mor- tar is made ; a kind of lemon :— v. t., to entangle; to cement; to manure ground with lime. Li'ming, p. prs. Lime-kiln (lirne'kil), n. A kiln in which stones are burnt to lime. Lime-kilns (llme'kilz), n. pi. Lime-stone (lime'st6ne), n. The calcareous stone of which lime is made. Lim-it (Um'lt), n. Bound, border, utmost extent : — v. t., to confine within certain bounds; to re- strain. Lim-it-a-ble (HmlOa-bl), a. Ca- pable of restriction. *LiM-iT-A-RY(liin'it x a-re),tt. Placed at the boundaries. 303 LIN LIO Fate, far, fall, fat — me, niet — pine, pin — no, mSve, LIQ Lim-it-a-tion (Him-lt-a'shun), n. Restriction. [334-12.] Lim-it-less (limMes), a. Without bounds. *Limn (lim), v. t. To draw; to paint. *Lim'ning, p. pre. *Lim-ned (llmd), p. prf. *Lim-ner (llur'nur), n. A painter who uses water-colors. LImp, v.t. To halt; to walk lamely — n., a halt; the act of limping. Lim-pid (llm'pld), a. Clear, trans- parent. Lim-pid-i-ty (lim-pid'eHe), ) Lim-pid -ness (lim'pid^nes), J Clearness, pureness. Lim-pit (lim'pit) n. A kind of shell-fish. *Li-my (ll'me), a. Glutinous; cal careous, containing lime. *Linch-pin (llnsh'pln), n. An iron pin that keeps a wheel on its axle. Lin-den (lln'den), n. A tree. LIne, n. Longitudinal extension; a string ; as much as is written from one margin to another ; a verse; a short note; a rank; regular military service, as ships or troops of the line ; posture of an army or fleet in battle array the twelfth part of an inch ; a business; equator; regular de- scent : — v. t., to cover on the in- side ; to place along the side of. Li'ning, p. pr8. : — see lining. *Lin-e-age (Hn'e x aje), n. Race, family, genealogy. Lin-e-al (lln'e'al), a. Allied by direct descent; hereditary; com- posed of, or relating to, lines. Lin-e-al-ly (lin'e v al-le), ad. In a direct line. *Lin-e-a-ment (lin'e v a-ment), n. Feature, form, outline. Lin-e-ar (linear), a. Composed of, or relating to, lines ; slender. Lin-en (lin'in), n. Cloth made of hemp or flax: — a., made of, or resembling, linen. 304 Lin-en-Dra-per (lin'in N dra-pur), n. A dealer in linen. Ling, n. Heath ; a sea-fish. Lin-ger (ling'gur), v. i. To hesi- tate; to remain long; to delay. [145.] [298-13.] Lin'ger^ing, p. pre.: — w., tardiness. Lin-ger-er (ling'gur^ur), n. One who lingers. [92-9.] Lin-ger-ing-ly (ling'gur x ing-le), ad. Tediously; with delay. Lin-go (Hng'g6), n. Language. Lin'goes, n. pi. *LiN-GUA-DEN-TAL( v ling-gwa-deV tal), a. Formed by the tongue and teeth. Lin-gual (ling'gwal), a. Pertain ing to the tongue. *Lin-guist (ling'gwlst), n. One versed in languages. [233-8.] *Lin-i-ment (lin'e v ment), n. Oint- ment; unguent. Lin-ing (lining), n. An inner covering. Link (llngk), n. A single ring of a chain ; any thing connecting ; a sort of torch; a measure of length containing 7.92 inches a measure of surface containing 62.73 inches [148-26] :— v. t., to unite; to connect by links: — v. i.j to be united. *Lin-net (lin'nlt), n, A small singing bird. Lin-seed (lin'seed), n. Flaxseed *Lin-sey-Wool-sey (lln's&-wul'- se), a. Made of linen and wool mixed : — n., stuff made of linen and wool. L!nt, n. Linen scraped; flax. : *Lin-tel (lln'tel), n. The upper part of a door or window frame. Lin-stock (Un'st6k), 1 n. A staff LiNT-STOCK(lint'st6k), J used for firing cannon. Li-on (li'un), n. A fierce and pow- erful quadruped ; a sign in the zodiac ; a person of note. Li-on-e s s ( li'iin^s ),n. A female lion. Li'on\ess-es, n. pi. Li-on-ize (U'unlze), v. t. To treat with marked attention; to visit objects of curiosity. Li'on x i-zing, p. pr8. LIp, n. The border of the mouth ; the edge : — v. t., to kiss. Lip-o-gram (lipWgram), n. A writing which dispenses with one of the letters of the alphabet. Lip-ped (llpt), p. prf. : — a., hav- ing lips ; as, thXak-lipped. Li-qua-tion (11-kwa/shun), n. The act of melting ; the act of sepa- rating, by a regulated heat, a very fusible metal from one less fusible. LiQ-uE-FAc-TiON(Mlk-we-fak'shun) n. The process of melting, the state of being melted. *Liq-ue-fi-a-ble ( x lik-we-fl'a x bl), a. Capable of being melted. Liq-ue-fy (llk'we^fl), v. t. \_prs. t. 3, liquefies.] To melt ; to dis- solve : — v. i.y to grow liquid. . Liq'ueVi-ed, p. prf. *Li-ques-cen-cy (11-kweVseVse), n. Aptness to melt. Li-qtjes-cent (li-kwes'sent), a. Melting. *Li-queur (l£-kure'), n. A fla- vored spirituous drink. Liq-uid (lik'wld), a. Not solid; fluid; clear; dissolved; flowing; soft: — n.,a fluid substance,liquor ; a letter whose sound readily flows into the sounds of other letters; as, I, m, n, r. Liq-tji-date (lik'weMate), v. t. To clear away ; to lessen debts ; to adjust or settle accounts. Liq'ui^da-ting, p. prs. LiQ-ui-DA-TiON( x lik-we-da'shun),?i. The act of liquidating; settle- ment; adjustment. Li-quid-i-ty (le-kwld'eHe), J Liq-uid-ness (Hk'widWs), J n * The state of being liquid. *Liq-uor (lik'kur), n. Any thing liquid; intoxicating drink. Liq-uor-ice. See licorice. LIT LIV nor, n5t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -poiind — thin, this. LIZ Lisp, v. i. To speak defectively or like a child: — v. t., to pro- nounce defectively : — n., the act of lisping ; imperfect utterance. LIst, n. A roll ,• a catalogue ; en- closed ground in which combats are fought; a strip of cloth; a border: — v. i., to desire, choose; to listen [142] : — v. t., to enlist ; to enrol ; to cover with list. Lis-ten (lis'sn), v. i. To hearken; to give attention. Lis-ten-er (lis'sn N ur), n. One who listens ; a hearkener. List-less (llst'les), a. Careless, heedless. List-less-ly (Ust'leVle), ad. Care- lessly, heedlessly. List-less-ness (Hst'leshies), n. Want of desire ; inattention. [122-33.] L!t, pst. t. and p. prf. of light. Lit-a-ny (lit'aW), n. A form of prayer. *Lit'aVies, n. pi. *Lit-er-al (lit'er'al), a. Accord- ing to the primitive meaning; following the letter or words; exact. Lit-er-al-ist (llt'eVal-ist), n. One who adheres to the letter or to the exact word. Lit-er-al-ly (lit'eVal-le), ad.With close adherence to words, f *Lit-er-a-ry (lit/er v a-re), a. Re- lating to letters or learning. [214-6.] Lit-er-ate (lit'eVit), a. Learned. Lit-er-a-ti ( x lit-er-a'ti), n. pi. The learned. [229-2.] Lit-er-a-ture (lit'eVa-tshure), n. Learning. [236-4.] *Lith-arge (lfoA'arje), n. Lead vitrified, either alone or with a mixture of copper. Lithe (Hthc), a. Limber, flexible. Lithe-ness (llTHe'n6s), n. Lim- berness. Lithe-some (Hrne'sum), a. Pliant. Lith-i-um (U^e v um), n. A metal. U Lith-o-graph (li^'6'graf), v. t. To draw or etch on stone: — an impression of a drawing on stone. Ll-THOG-RA-PHER (ll-jA&gWfur), n. One who lithographs. Lith-o-graph-ic fll^-o-graf'ik), a. Relating to lithography. Li-thog-ra-phy (li-^6g'ra v fe), n. The art of engraving upon stone. *Lit-i-gant (litigant), n. One engaged in a law-suit: — a., en gaged in a law-suit. Lit-i-gate (llt'e x gate), v. t. or v. i To contest in law ; to debate. Lit'i x ga-ting, p. prs. Lit-i-ga-tion (Hit-e-ga'shun), n Judicial contest ; a law-suit. *Li-tig-ious (le-tij'us), a. In- clined to law-suits, quarrelsome Li-tig-ious-ness (16-tij'us v nes), n Wrangling. Lit-mus (llt'mus), n. A lichen and the blue pigment obtained from it. Lit-ter (llt'tur), n. A kind of portable bed ; straw laid under animals ; a brood : — v. t., to cover with straw; to scatter over with fragments ; to encumber. Lit-tle (lit'tl), a. [less and lesser — least.] Biininutive : — see lesser : — »., a small space ; a small part ; not much : — ad., in a small degree ; not much. Lit-tle-ness (lit'tPnes), n. Small- ness of bulk; meanness. *Lit-to-ral (Ht't6Val), a. Be- longing to or near the shore. *Lit-ur-gic (llt-ur'jlk), a. Rela- ting to a liturgy. Lit-ur-gy (llt'ur'je), n. A formu- lary of public devotions. Lit'ur n gies, n. pi. Live (llv), v. i. To be in a state of animation ; to pass life in any certain manner; to maintain one's self ; to be unextinguished: — v. t., to act in accordance with. (ap. p. — in, at, with, upon.) 26* Liv'ing, p. prs.i — n,, maintenance, livelihood ; benefice of a clergy- man ; those who are alive. LIve, a. Alive; ignited. *Live-li-hood (llve'le x hud), n. Maintenance, means of living. Live-li-ness (llve'le^ne's), n. Vi- vacity, sprightliness, briskness. Live-long (liv'long), a. Tedious; long in passing. Live-ly (live'le), a. [livelier — liveliest.] Brisk; vigorous; airy : — ad., briskly, vigorously. Liv-er (llv'ur), n. One who lives ; an animal organ which abstracts bile from the blood. Liv-er-y (liv'urYe), n. The act of giving or taking possession ; the clothes given to servants ; a par- ticular dress ; the collective body of livery-men. [272-1.] *Liv'er n ies, n. pi. Liv-er-y-Man (liv'urVe-man), n. One who wears a livery ; a free- man of the City of London. Liv'erV-Men, n.pl. Liv-er-y-Sta-ble (llv'ur-re^sta- bl), n. A stable where horses and carriages are kept for hire. *Lives (Hvz), n. pi. of LIFE. -Lives (livz), prs. t. of live. Liv-id (Uv'ld), a. Biscolored, as by a blow. [37-10.] Liv-ld-ness (livld^es), n. Dis- coloration. Liv-ing. See under (to) live. *Li-vre (li'vur or le'vur), n. A former French coin, valued at 18.5 cents. Lix-iv-i-al (llks-iv'e v al), a. Im- pregnated with salts like a lye. Lix-iv-i-ate (llks-lv'e'ate), v. t. To form into or mix with lye. Lix-iv'i^-ting, p. prs. Lix-iv-i-ate (llks-lv'elt), a. Im- pregnated with or containing lye. *Lix-iv-i-um (llks-lv'e x um), n. Lye, water impregnated with a salt. Lix-iv'i v a, n. pi. *Liz-ard (Uz'ard), n, A reptile. 305 LOG LOD Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m5ve, LOG L6, in. Look! see! behold! *Load (16de), n. Burden,- press ure ; weight ; freight ; cargo : v. t., to burden; to freight; to encumber; to charge firearms. (ap. p. — with.) Load'ing, p. pr8.: — n., cargo; bur- den; charge. *Load-star (16de'star), n. The pole-star: — often written lode star. *Load-stone (16de'st6ne), ft. A natural magnet ; an oxyd of iron : — often written lodestone. Loaf (16fe), n. [pi. loaves.] A mass of bread or sugar. Loap-er (16fe'ur), n. An idler. Loaf-ing (16fe'lng), n. Vagrancy, idling. Loam (I6me), n. Rich, unctuous earth, marl. *Loam-y (16me'e), a. Consisting of or like loam. Loan (16ne), n. Any thing lent; the act of lending : — v. t., to lend. *Loath (Ibth), a. Unwilling; not ready : — sometimes written loth. *Loathe (16THe), v. t. To hate ; to look on with abhorrence ; to de- test. [84-21.] Loath'ing, p. prs. : — ft., disgust. Loath-ful (16th'M1), a. Abhor- ring, detesting. *Loath-some (16TH / sum), a. Ab- horred, detestable. [336-3.] Loath-some-ness (lftTii'sum^nes), ft. The quality of raising disgust. Loaves (16vz), n. pi. of loaf. Lob-by (16b'be), n. An opening before a room ; a small hall. Lob'bies, n. pi. L6be, n. A round projecting part or division of an organ, as of the lungs, liver, brain. 4 Lo-bel-ia (16-beel'ya), n. A plant. Lob-ster (I6b'stur), n. A crusta- . ceous fish. Lob-ule (16b'ule), n. A small lobe. Lo-cal (16'kal), a. Relating or limited to place. [242.] [64-16.] 306 Lo-cal-ism (16'kal N lzm), n. That which is limited to a place. Lo-cal-i-ty (16-kal'le'te), n. Po- sition ; existence in place. Lo-calYties, n. pi. Lo-cal-ize (16'kaPlze), v. t. To make local; to place. Lo'calVzing, p. prs. Lo-cal-ly (16'kaHe), ad. With respect to place. Lo-C'Ate (16'kate), v. t. To place; to designate the place of. Lo'ca v ting, p. prs. Lo-ca-tion (16-ka'shun), n. Situa- tion with respect to place, act of placing. #Loch (16k), ft. A lake. (Scotland.) *Lo.ck (16k), n. An instrument to fasten doors, chests, &g. ; a part of a gun; a quantity of wool or hair hanging together ; a tuft; a contrivance to raise water on a canal : — v. t., to shut or fasten with locks; to close fast; to embrace : — v. i., to be come fastened ; to unite. Lock-age (16k'lje), n. Materials for locks ; toll for passing locks. Lock-er (lok'kiir), n. Any thing that is closed with a lock ; one who, or that which, locks ; a drawer. Lock-et (16klt), n. A small lock a catch to fasten a necklace or other ornament; a small gold case for miniatures, &c. Lock-jaw (lok'jaw), n. Involun- tary and permanent closure of the lower jaw. Lock-ram (16k'rum), n. A kind of coarse linen. Lo-co-mo-tion ( > 16-k6-m6'shun), n. Power or act of changing place. Lo-co-mo-tive ( v 16-k6-ni6'tiv), a. Having the power of changing place : — ft., a self-moving engine. Lo-cust (16'kust), n. A devour- ing insect ; a tree. *L6de, n. A metallic vein. Lode-star. See loadstar. Lode-stone. See loadstone. Lodge (16dje), v. t. To place in a temporary habitation ; to afford a temporary dwelling; to place; to settle: — v. i., to reside; to take a temporary habitation ; to take up residence at night: — ft., a small house ; a place to rest in ; a society of freemasons, »• | fine yellow powder of hops ; the bet- ter principle of hops. Lurch (lurtsh), n. A forlorn con- dition ; a heavy roll of a ship at sea: — v. t., to defeat; to disap- point; to filch: — v. i., to shift. *Lurch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Lurch-er (lurtsh'ur), n. One who watches to steal or betray. Lure, n. An enticement ; a bait ; an allurement: — v. t., to entice; to attract. [27-22.] f Lu-rid (kVrid), a. Gloomy, dis- mal. [60-8.] Lurk, v. i. To lie in wait; to lie hid. [76-23.] Lurk-er (lurk'ur), n. One who lurks. Lurk-ing-Place (lurk'ing v plase), n. A secret hiding-place. *Lus-cious (lush'us), a. Sweet; pleasing, delightful, delicious. Lus-cious-ness (hlsh'uVnes), n. Immoderate sweetness. Lust, n. Carnal desire; any vio- lent or irregular desire : — v. i. } to desire eagerly or vehemently. Lust-ful (lust'ful), a. Having irregular desires. Lust-ful-ly (lust'fdrie), ad. In a lustful manner. Lust-ful-ness (lflst'fuTne's), n. Lewdness. 310 Lus-ti-ly (lus'teMe), ad. Stoutly, boldly, with vigor. Lus-ti-ness (lus'te^nes), n. Stout- ness, sturdiness, vigor of body. Lus-tral (lus'tral), a. Used in purification. Lus-trate (lus'trate), v. t. To cleanse ; to purify. Lus'TRA y TING, p. prs. Lus-tra-tion (lus-tra'shiin), n. Purification by water. [262-21.] Lus-ter ) ,,, , , >, (Renown, *Lus-tre j ^ '* ' { a sconce with lights; brightness, splendor; the space of five years, a lus- trum. [53-25.] [256-6.] Lus-tring (lus'tring), n. A shin- ing silk. [luminous. *Lus-trous (lus'trus), a. Bright, Lus-trum (lus'trum), to. Five years. Lus'tra, n. pi. Lust-y (hist'e), a. [lustier — lustiest.] Stout, vigorous. Lu-tan-ist (lu'tanlst), n. One who plays upon the lute. ;ic *Lu-TA-Ri-ous (lu-ta're r us), a. Living in mud; like mud. Lu-ta-tion (lu-ta'shun), n. The act or method of cementing vessels. Lute, n. A stringed-instrument of music; a composition of soft clay: — v. t., to cover or close with lute. Lut'ing, p. prs. Lute-string (lute'strlng), n. The string of a lute ; lustring. Lu-ther-an (lu'zAeVan), a. Per- taining to Luther: — n., a fol- lower of Luther. Lu-TU-LENT(lu'tshu v lent)a.Muddy. Lux-ate (luks'ate), v. U To put out of joint. Lux'a v ting, p. prs. Lux-a-tion (luks-a'shun), n. The act of disjointing ; any thing dis- jointed or dislocated. Lux-u-ri-ance (lug-zuWanse), ) Lux-u-Ri-AN-CY(lug-zu / re v an-se), j I n. Exuberance, rank growth. [71.] *Lux-u-ri-ant (lug-zu're^ant), a. Exuberant, very abundant, f Lux-u-ri-ate (lug-zu're'ate), v. i. To shoot with superfluous plenty ; to grow exuberantly; to revel with delight. [98-32.] Lux-u'ri n a-ting, p. prs. *Lux-u-ri-ous (lug-zu're^us), a. Voluptuous, sensual. Lux-u-ri-ous-ly (lug-zu're x us-le), ad. Deliciously, voluptuously. Lux-u-ri-ous-ness (lug-zu/re N us- nes), n. Voluptuousness. Lux-u-ry (luk'shuVe), n. Volup- tuousness; a dainty; delicious fare. [55-9.] [189-27.] Lux'u x ries, n. pi. *Ly-can-thro-py (H-kan7Ar6^pe), n. A kind of madness. *Ly-ce-um (11-se'um), n. A liter- ary association ; an academy. Ly-ce'a, ) j Ly-ce'ums, )^P u *Lyd-i-an (lid'e^an), a. Denoting soft, slow music. *Lye (11), n. Water impregnated with an alkaline salt. Ly'ing, p. prs. of lie : — a., addicted to falsehood. Lymph (limf ), n. An animal fluid. *Lym-phat-ic (llm-fat'ik), n. A vessel conveying lymph ; — a., pertaining to lymph. Lynch (linsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, lynches.] To punish without a legal trial. *Lynch-Law (linsh'law), n. The substitution of the will of the mob for the civil law. *Lynx (lingks), to. A sharp- sighted beast. Lynx'es, n. pi. [ment. Lyre (lire), n. A musical instru- Lyr-ic (lir'ik), a. Pertaining to a harp : — n. f a writer of lyric poetry; a lyric poem.f Lyr-i-cism (ilr'e'slzra), n. A lyr- ical form of composition. Ly-rist (ll'rlst), n. On© who plays upon the harp. MAC MAD n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, thIs. MAG M(^m), n. The thirteenth letter and the ninth consonant is also a semi-vowel and a liquid. The name is written Em, and the plural Ems. It is the initial of mille (a thousand), and hence, as a numeral, represents it. On account of its form, it has been accepted by printers as a unit of measure in determining the amount of composition on a page. It is employed as an abbreviation of Monsieur (Mister or Master), and meridies (noon). M.D. stand for Medicinse Doctor (Doctor of Medicine), M.C. for Member of Congress, and MS. [pi. MSS.] for manuscript. Mab, n. Queen of the fairies; a slattern. *Mac-ad-am-ize (mak-ad'am^lze), v. t. To form roads, &c, with broken stone. Mac-ad'am^z-ing, p. prs. *Mac-a-ro-ni ( N mak-a-r6'ne), n. An edible paste ; a coxcomb. \Mac-a-ro'nies, n. pi. *Mac-a-roon ( v mak-a-r56n'), n. A coarse, low fellow; a kind of sweet biscuit. *Ma-caw (ma-kaw')> n, A kind of parrot. *Mac-ca-boy (mak'ka^bde), n, A kind of snuff. Mace (mase), n. An ensign of authority ; a kind of spice. Mac-er-ate (mas'seVate), v. t. To make lean ; to steep almost to solution; to mortify. *Mac'er v a-ting, p. prs. Mac-er-a-tion ( x mas-ser-a'shun), n. The act of wasting or making lean ; act of steeping in water. *MACH-i-A-VEL-iAN( x mak-e-a-ver / - yan), a. Crafty in politics ; cun- ning, subtle. MACH-i-NAL(mak'e^nalorma-sheen' al), a. Relating to machines. Mach-i-nate (mak'e x nate), v. t. To plan ; to contrive : — v. i., to plot against. MachVna-ting, p. prs. *MACH-i-NA-TioN( x mak-e-na'shun) n. Artifice, contrivance, plot. Ma-chine (ma-sheen'), n. A piece of complicated workmanship ; an engine ; a piece of mechanism to apply or regulate power. Ma-chin-er-y (ma-sheen'urVe), n. Machines collectively ; enginery, complicated workmanship. *Ma-chin'er^ies, n. pi. Ma-chin-ist (ina-sheen'ist), n. A manager or maker of machines. *Mack-er-el (mak'eYil), n. A sea-fish. *Ma-cro-cosm (ma , kr6 > k6zm or mak'r6 r k6zm), n. The great or whole world, or visible system; the universe : — opposed to mi- crocosm. *Ma-cron (ma'krun), n. The mark [ - ] used to denote the long sound of a vowel, or a syllable of long quantity ; as, hive, rd'ven. Mac-ta-tion (mak-ta'shun), n. The act of killing victims for sacrifice. Mac-u-la (mak'Ma), n. A spot. Mac'uYji, n. pi. Mac-u-late (inak'uHate), v. t. To stain; to spot; to taint. MacVla-ting, p. prs. MAc-u-LA~TiON( x ma^-u-la'shun),?i. Stain, spot, taint. Mad, a. [madder — maddest.] Disordered in the mind; insane; furious,, enraged : — v. t., to make mad ; to make furious. *Mad'ding, p. prs. Mad'ded, p. prf. *Mad-am (mad'am), } n. A term Ma-dame (ma-dam 7 ), j of address to a lady. *Mad-ams (mad'amz), ] , *Mes-dames (ma-dam'), j * ™ * Mad-cap (mad'kap), n. A mad- man : a hot-brained fellow. Mad-den (mad'dn), v. t. To make mad : — v. i., to become mad. Mad-der (mad'dur), a. com. : — n., a plant. Made, pst. t. and p. prf. of make. (ap. p. — of.) Mad-e-fy (mad'eYl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, madifies.] To make wet; to moisten. Mad'eVi-ed, p. prf. *MA-DEi-RA(ma-de'raorma-da/ra), n. A rich wine made in Madeira. ^MADE-M0i-SELLE( v mad-mwa-zeF) n. A miss ; a young girl. Mad-house (mad'h6use), n. A house where madmen are cured or confined. Mad-houses (mad'hSuzlz), n. pi. Mad-ly (mad'le), ad. Without understanding ; wildly. Mad-man (mad'man), n. A man deprived of his understanding; a maniac. Mad'men, n. pi. Mad-ness (mad'ne's), n. Distrac- tion ; fury, rage, wildness. Ma-don-na (ma-d&n'na), n. The Virgin Mary, or a picture of her. *Mad-ri-gal (mad're N gal), n. A pastoral song. -Mag-a-zine (^mag-a-zeen'), n. A storehouse of arms or provisions ; an arsenal; a miscellaneous pamphlet. [63-16.] [223-5.] Mag-got (mag'gut), n. A small grub; an odd fancy. *Mag-got-y (mag'gut'e), a. Full of maggots; whimsical. *Ma-gi (ma'ji), n. pi. Wise men: — the singular is magus. *Ma-gi-an (ma'je'an), n. An East- ern philosopher : — a., pertaining to the Magi. Mag-ic (maj'ik), n. The art of putting in action the power of spirits, sorcery. [80-2.] Mag-i-cal (maj'e^kal), a. Per- formed by secret and invisible powers; according to magic; used in magic. [358-2.] 311 MAG MAI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m§t — pine, pin — n6, move, MAJ Mag-i-cal-ly (maj'e A kal-le), ad. . According to the rites of magic. *Ma-gi-cian (ma-jish'an), n. One versed in magic; an enchanter.f Mag-is -te-ri-al fmaj-is-te're x al), a. Lofty, arrogant, haughty. Mag-is-te-ri-al-ly ( N maj -Is-te're- x al-le), ad. Haughtily, loftily, arrogantly. Mag-is -te-ri- al-ne s s ( N maj 4s-te'- re^al-nes), n. Haughtiness. *Mag-is-tra-cy (maj'ls v tra-se), n. Office or dignity of a magistrate. Mag-is-trate (majlsHrate), n. One publicly invested with authority; a public civil officer. [381-20.] *MAG-NA-CHAR-TA(mag'na-kar / ta) n. The great charter of English liberty, obtained a.d. 1215. Mag-na-nim-i-ty ( x mag-na-nlm'e- v te), n. Greatness of mind ; gen- erosity. [54-5.] [280-8.] Mag-nan-i-mous (mag-nan'eWis), a. Great in mind,- elevated in sentiment; noble; brave. #Mag-nan-i-mous-ly (mag-nan'e- x mus-le), ad. With greatness of mind; nobly. [of rank. Mag-nate (mag'nate), w. A man *Mag-ne-si-a (mag-ne'zhe x a), ». A white, alkaline earth. Mag-ne-si-um (mag-ne'zhe'&m), n. A white, malleable metal. Mag-net (mag / net), n. The load- stone ; a body which exhibits the properties of the loadstone; a body which attracts and repels. Mag-net-ic (mag-neYlk), a. Hav- ing the properties of a magnet ; induced by a magnet, as a mag- netic curve. Mag-net-ism (mag'neVlzm), n. The science which treats of the properties o$ magnets ; power of attraction and repulsion. Mag-net-ize (mag'net N lze), v. t. To impart the properties of the magnet; to put under the influ- ence of magnetism. Mag'netVzing, p. prs, 312 Mag-net-o-E-lec -TRic-i-TY (mag' neWe-lek-tris'seHe), n. That branch of magnetism which treats of the development of electricity by the influence of magnetism. Mag-net-om-e-ter ( x inag-net-6m'- e x tur), n. An instrument used for measuring the magnetizing power of galvanic currents. Mag-nif-ic (mag-nlflk), a. Illus- trious, grand, nobly great. *Mag-nif-i-cence (mag-nif'e- ^sense), n. Grandeur of appear- ance, splendor of appearance. [94-39.] [286-17.] Mag-nif-i-cent (mag-nif'e^sent), a. Grand, splendid, pompous, sub- lime. [29-10.] [291-12.] MAG-NiF-i-CENT-LY(mag-nife'sent- le), ad. Pompously, splendidly. Mag-ni-fi-er (mag'neii-ur), n. One who praises extravagantly ; a glass that magnifies. Mag-ni-fy (mag'ne N fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, magnifies.] To make great; to extol; to exalt; to elevate. [157-27.] [170-14.] Mag'ni x fi-ed, p. prf. *Mag-nil-o-quence (mag-nil'd- ^kwe'nse), n. Pompous language. Mag-nil-o-quent (mag-nll'6- N kwent), a. Using pompous language. Mag-ni-tude (mag'neHude), n. Greatness, size, largeness, bulk. Mag-no-li-a (mag-nd'le x a), n. A flowering tree. Mag-pie (ruag'pl), n. A bird. Ma'gus. See magi. *Ma-hog-a-ny (ma-h&g'a x ne), n. A valuable wood. Ma-hom-e-tan. See mohammedan. Maid (made), ) n. An unmar- Maid-en (ma'dn), j ried woman; a virgin ; a woman-servant. Maid-en (ma'dn), a. Fresh, un- polluted, new, virgin. Maid-en-hood (ma'dn^hud), n. State of being a maid; freshness. *M aid-en-like (ma'dn v like), ) Maid-en-ly (ma'dnHe), J a ' Like a maid; modest, timorous. Maid-ser-vant (made'serVant), n. A female servant. Mail (male), n. Armor; a bag of post-letters: — v. t., to arm with mail ; to enclose for transmission by mail. *Mail-a-ble (male'a^bl), a. Proper to be carried by mail. Mail-coach (male'k6tsh), n. A coach that conveys the mail. Mail'coach^es, n. pi. Maim (mime), v. t. To deprive of any part; to cripple; to wound : — n., privation of some essential part; injury; lameness. Main (mane), a. Principal, chief, cardinal; strong; important: — n., the gross, the bulk; force; the ocean. Main-land (mane'land), n. The continent. Main-ly (mane'le), ad. Chiefly; powerfully, greatly. Main-mast (mane'mast), n. The chief or middle mast. MAiN-siiL (mane'sale), n. The principal sail of a ship. *Main-tain (men-tane' or mane- tane'), v. t. To preserve ; to keep up; to support; to uphold; to sustain. [63-20.] [220-3.] Main-tain-a-ble (men-tane'a-bl), a. Capable of being maintained, defensible. Main-tain-er (men-tane'ur), n. A supporter. *Main-te-nance (mane'te x nanse or nieVte x nanse), n. Supply of the necessaries of life; support; se- curity from failure. f Main-top (mane't6p), n. The top of the mainmast of a ship. *Maize (maze), n. Indian corn. Ma-jes-tic (m4-jes'tik), | MA-JES-Ti-CAL(ma-jes'te x kal), j August, stately, pompous, grand. [77-29.] MAL MAL nor, nSt— tube, tub, bull — 611— p6und— thin, THis. MAM Ma-jes-ti-cal-ly (m&-jes / te x k&l- le), ad. With dignity; with grandeur. Maj-es-ty (maj'eVte), n. Dignity, grandeur; sovereignty; a title given to sovereigns. [35-8.] [257-16.] *Maj'es x ties, n. pi. Ma-jor (maVjur), a. Greater in number, quantity, or extent : — n. t an officer above a captain; the first proposition of a syllogism. Ma-jor-Do-mo (ma'jur-d6'm6), n. A steward; the master of a house. Ma-jor-i-ty (m&-j6r'e v te), n. More than half; the greater number; the office of a major; full age. [334-27.] *Ma-jor'i x ties, n. pi. 7^t* He has a majority of votes who has more than half of the whole number cast; he has a plurality who has more votes than are polled for any other candidate, but fewer than half of the whole number cast. Make, v. t. [made — matie.] To create ; to form ; to produce ; to hold; to commit; to compel; to raise as profit; to arrive at: — n., form, structure, texture. Ma' king, p. prs. Ma-ker (ma'kur), n. The Crea- tor ; one who makes any thing. ^Make-weight (m&ke'w&te), n. Any small thing thrown in to make up weight. *Mal-ad-min-is-tra-tion "I fm&l- Male-ad-min-is-tra-tion J &&- ^min-is-tr&'shun), n. Bad man- agement of affairs. *Mal-a-droit ( v maM-£-dr6it'), a. Awkward. Mal-a-dy (maTaMe), n. A disease, a disorder; sickness. [148.] * Mal'a^dies, n. pi. Mal-a-pert (m^l'^pert), a. Quick with impudence, saucy. *Mal-ap-ro-pos ( x m&l-ap-pr6-p6') ad. Unseasonably. *Ma-la-ri-a (m4-lS,'re x 4), n. Bad air; air productive of disease. *Mal-con-for-ma-tion ) Qmk\- Male-con-for-ma-tion J k6n- f6r-m&'shun),n. Faulty structure. *Mal-con-tent ) (mal'k6nHent)a. Male-con-tent j Discontented : — n., one discontented. Male, n. One of the masculine gender : — a., masculine : — see masculine. Mal-e-dic-tion ( x m&l-e-dik'shun), n. A curse, execration, impre- cation; denunciation. Mal-e-fac-tion ( v m&l-e-f&k'shun), n. A crime, an offense. Mal-e-fac-tor ( v m&l-e-f&k'tur), n. A criminal, an offender, a felon. *MA-LEV-o-LENCE(m&-lev'6 N lense) n. Ill will, malignity, malice. [20-41.] Ma-lev-o-lent (ma-levWlSnt), a. Ill disposed, malignant. Male-fea-sance ) , Al n X f t \ *MA L -FEA- S ANCE j ("M****)"- An evil deed. Male-for-ma-tion 1 (^m§,l-f6r- *Mal-for-ma-tion j m&'sh&n), n. An ill formation. Mal-ice (m&l'lls), n. Deliberate mischief, ill will. [345.] Ma-li-cious (m^-lish'us), a. Ill disposed; intending ill. [205-2.] Ma-li-cious-ly (ma-lish'usle), ad. With intention of mischief. *Ma-li-cious-ness (ni&-llsh'us- x nes), n. Intention of mischief. *Ma-lign (m£-llne r ), a. Unfavor- able; malicious; fatal: — v. t., to traduce ; to defame. [340-28.] *MA-LiG-NAN-CY(m^-lig , nlin N se),n. Malice, bitter hostility. Ma-lig-nant (rn&-lig'narit), a. Envious, malicious; dangerous to life. [87-19.] [292-24.] Ma-lig-nant-ly (m&-lig'nant v le), ad. Maliciously, mischievously. *Ma-lign-er (in&-line'iir), n. One who regards another with ill- will ; a slanderer. 27 Ma-lig-ni-ty (ma-lig'ne x te), n. Malice ; extreme enmity ; viru- lence. [123-18.] [111-24.] Ma-lig'ni v ties, n. pi. *Ma-lign-ly (m4-line'le), ad. Enviously, with ill will. *Ma-lin-ger (m^l-ling'gur), v. i. To feign illness, as a soldier. *Mal-i-son (maWzn), n. Male- diction, curse. Mall (inawl or m&l), n. A large wooden hammer: — v. t., to beat with something heavy : — <^ften written maul. Mall (m&l or mel), n. A public walk; as, Pall Mall (pel'mel). Mal-le-a-bil-i-ty fmal-le-ii-bil'- l<^t£), n. The quality of being malleable. *Mal-le-a-ble (mal'le x &-bl), a. Capable of being spread by beating. [hammer. Mal-le-ate (maM'le v &te), v. t. To Mal'le v a-ting, p. prs. Mal-le-a-tion ( v maM-le-&'shun), n. Act of hammering. [hammer. Mal-let (mal'lit), n. A wooden Mal-lows (m&l'l6ze), n. A plant. *Malm-sey (ma.m'ze), n. A kind . of wine or grape. Male-o-dor ) (m&l-6'dur), n. A *Mal-o-i>or J bad odor. Male-practice I (m j, tWs) "•^Mal-prac-tice j v n. Unskilful practice. Malt, n. Barley steeped in water and dried : — v. i., to be made malt: — v. t., to make into malt. Male-treat j (niaM-treef), v. t. To *Mal-treat j treat abusively. Male-treat-ment ) (iniU-treet'- *Mal-treat-ment J ment), n. Ill usage, abuse. Mal-ver-sa-tion ( x m&l-ver-sa'- shun), n. Bad shifts, mean ar- tifices ; misconduct in office. Mam-a-luke ) ( k m,,, v *Mam-e-luke j (m*m'41uka),». The name of a class of Egyptian soldiers, now extinct. 313 MAN MAN Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, MAN Mam-ma (mam-ma'), n. The fond word for mother. Mam-ma-li-a (mam-ma'le^a), n. pi. A class of animals. Mam-mon (mam'mun), n. Riches; the god of riches. *Mam-moth (mani'mu^), n. A huge quadruped, now extinct: — a., huge, immense. Man, n. [pi. men.] A human being, the male of the human species; a husband; a piece in chess and other games : — v. t., to furnish with men; to fortify. Man'ning, p. prs. *Man'ned, p. prf. *Man-a-cle (man'a x kl), v. t. To chain the hands ; to shackle. Man'a v cling, p. prs. Man-a-cles (man'a^klz), n. pi. Chains for the hands, shackles. Man-age (man'lje), v. t. To con- duct; to govern; to make tract- able; to wield; to husband: — v. i., to conduct affairs. [281-1.] Managing, p. prs. Man-age-a-ble (man1je x a-bl), a. Governable, tractable, easily controlled. #Man-age-a-ble-ness (man'lje^a- bPne's), n. Easiness to be gov- erned, tractableness. Man-age-ment (man'lje^ment), n. Conduct ; administration ; di- rection. Man-a-ger (man'ij^r), n. One who directs ; a man of frugality, a contriving person. *Manch-i-neel ( x mansh-e-neel'), n. A West-Indian tree. Man-da-mus (man-da'mus), n. A writ from a superior to an in- ferior court, or to a person directing the performance of an act. Man-da'mus x es, n. pi. Man-da-rin (man'daYeen), n. It China, a nobleman or magistrate, Max-date (man'date), n. A com- mand, precept, order. [140-23.] 314 *MAN-DA-TOR-Y(nian'da x tur-re),a. Preceptive, directory : — n., one to whom a command is given. Man'da n tor-ies, n. pi. *Man-di-ble (man'de^bl), n. The jaw. Man-drake (man'drake), n. A plant, a kind of melon. *Man-drel (man'drel), n. A re- volving shaft in a turner's lathe. Man-dril ) / 4 ,-, »i\ f A MAN-D R ,LL|( m4ndrll )' n -ikind of fierce baboon. *Man-du-cate (man'du^kate), v. t. To chew. Man'du x ca-ting, p. prs. *MAne, n. The long hair on the neck of a beast. *Ma-nege (ma-nazhO, n. A rid- ing-school. *Ma-nes (ma'nez),n. Ghost, shade, a departed soul. Ma-neu-ver. See manoeuvre. Man-ful (man'ful), a. Daring, bold, stout. Man-ful-ly (man'fuTlS), ad. Like a man, boldly, stoutly. Man-ful-ness (man'Mrnes), n. Stoutness, boldness. *Man-ga-nese ( x mang-ga-neez'), n. A gray, brittle metal. Mange (manje), n. The itch in cattle. *Man-ger (mane'jur), n. The trough or vessel from which ani mals are fed. Man-gle (mang'gl), v. t. To cut or tear piece-meal ; to lacerate ; to butcher [261-21] ; to polish or smooth: — n., an instrument for smoothing linen. Man'gling, p. prs. Man-gler (mang / glur), n. One who mangles ; a hacker. Man-go (mang'g6), n. A fruit of the East Indies, pickled; a green muskmelon stuffed and pickled. *Man'goes, n. pi. *Man-gy (mane'je), a. Infected with the mange; scabby. Man-hood (man'hud), n. Human nature ; qualities becoming a man; virility, courage. *Ma-ni-a (ma'ne v a), n. Madness, insanity. *Ma-ni-ac (ma'ne^ak), n. A mad person : — a., raging with mad- ness, mad. [354-12.] Man-i-chee fman-e-ke'), | *Man-i-che-an (^man-e-ke'an), j n. One who bolieved in two eternal and supreme principles, the one good, the other evil. Man-i-fest (manifest), a. Plain, open ; detected ; evident ; clear [252-21]:— v. t., to show plainly, to make appear. [63-26.] MAN-i-FES-TA-TioN^man-e-feVta'- shun), n. Discovery; publica- tion ; display, disclosure. [123.] Man-i-fest-ly (man'eYe'st-le), ad. Plainly, clearly, evidently. Man-i-fes-to ( x man-e-feVt6), n. Public protestation or declaration. ^Man-i-fes'toes, n. pi. Man-i-fold (man'e v f61d), a. Of different kinds, many. *Man-i-kin (man'e v kln), n. A little man; a dwarf; an artificial preparation imitating the organs and structure of the human body. *Man-i-ple (man'e^pl), n. A small band of soldiers; a handful. Ma-nip-u-late (ma-nip'u x late), v. t. To labor with the hands; to handle. Ma-nipVla-ting, p. prs. Ma-nip-u-la-tion (ma x n!p-u-la r - shun), n. A manual operation ; handling. Man-kind (man-kind'), n. The race or species of human beings. Man-like (man'like), a. Having the qualities of a man, befitting a man. Man-li-ness (man'le^ne's), n. Bold- ness, bravery, stoutness. Man-ly (man'le), a. [manlier — manliest.] Becoming a man; brave, firm. MAN MAN n6r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. MAR Man-na (man'na), n, A food; a kind of gum j a medicine. Man-ner (man'nur), n. Method; form, sort ; mien ; peculiar way. Man-ner-ism (man'nurlzin), n. Uniformity of manner. Man-ner-ist (man'nurHst), n. An artist who performs his works in an unvaried manner. MAN-NER-Li-NESs(man / nur x levue : s); n. Civility, complaisance. Man-ner-ly (tnan'nurHe), a. Civil, complaisant: — ad., civilly. Man-ners (man'nurz), n. pi. De- portment, polite behavior. *Man-nish (man'nish), a. Having the appearance of a man ; bold, masculine. Ma-neu-yeb ) (m j.„4' v fl r ), n . *Ma-x(eu-vre J v V A dexterous movement; man- agement; a stratagem [66-35] [375-17] : — v. i., to move or manage with address, art, or stratagem. Max-of-War ( N man-6v-war'), n. A large ship of war. v Mex-of-War', n. pi. *Max-or (man'nur), n. A lord's jurisdiction; a landed estate. [96-29.] Ma-xo-ri-al (ma-n6'r<^al), a. Per- taining to a manor. *M1xse, n. A parsonage-house; a farm ; a habitation. Max-siox (man'shun), n. Abode, house, residence. *Man-slaugh-ter (man'slawHur), n. The act of killing a person not wholly without fault, though without malice. Max-slay-er (man'sUVur), n. One that has killed another. *Man-sue-tude( man's weHude), n. Gentleness, mildness. *Max-tel (man'tl), n. A beam resting on the jambs of a fire- place to support the work above : — sometimes written mantle. 1 Man-te-let / . See mantlet. Max-tel-Piece (man't^peese), n. The shelf placed against the mantel. *Max-til-la (man-til'la), n. A loose outer garment. *Max-tle (man'tl), n. A kind of cloak : — v. t., to expand ; to cov- er: — v. i., to be expanded; to spread; to froth; to ferment: — see maxtel. [135.] Man'tling, p. prs. *Mant-let (mant'llt), n. A small cloak : — also written maxtelet. Max-tu-a (inan'tshu a or man'tshu) A gown or dress worn by females. *Max-tua-ma-ker (man'tshu x ma- kur), n. One who makes dresses for females. Man-u-al (man'u^al), a. Per- formed by the hand : — n., a small book; a handbook. Max-u-fac-tor-y pman-u-fak'tur- v re), n. A place where things are made ; a factory. * n Max-u-fac'tor v ies, n. pi. Max-u-fac-ture ( x man-u-fak'- tshur), n. Any thing made by art : — v. t., to make by art and labor; to work up raw material. n Max-u-fac'tu n rixg, p. prs. Max-u-fac-tur-er ( x man-u-fak'- tshu x rur), n. One who manu- factures ; a maker. *Max-u-mis-siox ( v man-u-mlsh'- un), n. The act of giving liberty to slaves ; emancipation. Max-u-mit ( x man-u-mit'), v. t. To release from slavery. * n Max-u-mit'tixg, p. prs. v Man-u-mit'ted, p. prf. Ma-xure (ma-nure'), v. t. To cul- tivate by manual labor; to en- rich with manure : — n., compost. Ma-xu'rixg, p. prs. Max-u-script (man'u x skrlpt), n. A book written, not printed; a writing. [55-16.] Ma-ny (ruen'ne), a. [more — most.] Numerous, various : — »., a great number : — see lesser. Map, ». A geographical repre- sentation of the whole or a part of the earth's surface : — v. t. f to sketch; to draw (out). Ma-ple (ma'pl), n. A tree. Mar, v. t. To injure; to spoil; to hurt; to damage. [73.] [359-20.] *Mar'rixg, p. prs. Mar'red, p. prf. *Mar-a-xath-a ( N mar-a-na7fr'a or ^mar-a-na'^^a), n. A Jewish form of denouncing; a curse. *Ma-ras-mus (ma-raz'mus), n. A wasting away of the body. Ma-raud (ma-rawd'), v. i. To rove in quest of plunder. *Ma-rau-der (ma-raw'dur), n. A soldier who roves about in quest of plunder. Mar-ble (mar'bl), n. A limestone used for statues and in elegant buildings: a little ball with which children play : — a., variegated like marble; made of marble; hard, insensible : — v. t., to veiu or variegate like marble. Mar'bles, n. pi. Statuary. Mar'blixg, p. prs. March (martsh), n. Third month; a journey of soldiers ; a regula- ted step ; music to march by : — v. i., to move in military style; to walk in a deliberate manner: — v. t., to put in military move- ment ; to move in military order. March'es,jd>*.s.£.3.: — n.pl., confines. *Mar-chtox-ess (mar'shun'es), n. The wife of a marquis. Mar'chiox v ess-es, it. pi. Mare, n. The female of a horse. *Mar-ga-rix ) (mar'gaVin), n. A Mar-ga-rixe J constituent of far. Mar-gin (mar'jin), n. The edge, border, brim, brink, verge. Mar-gin- al (mar'jin N al), a. Writ- ten or placed on the margin. *Mar-GRAVE (niar'grave), n. A German title of nobility. *Mar-i-gold (mar'e x g61d), n. A plant and its yellow flower. 315 MAR MAR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, MAS *Ma-rine (ma-reen'), a. Belong- ing to the sea [40-29] : — n., a soldier employed on shipboard; naval force of a country. Mar-in-er (mariner), n. A sea- man, a sailor. Mar-i-tal (mar'eHal), a. Pertain- ing to a husband. *Mar-i-time (mar'eHlm), a. Re- lating to the sea; marine. Mark, n. A token ; a stamp ; an impression; a badge; a proof ; an object to shoot or throw at: — v. t., to impress with a token or evidence; to note; to stamp; to brand. Mar-ket (mar'kit), n. A public time or place for buying and selling ; purchase and sale ; rate, price : — v. t., to deal at a market, to buy or sell. Mar-ket-a-ble (mar'klOa-bl), a. Fit for market ; such as may be sold; current in the market. Mar-ket-Day (mar'kitMa), n. A day for market. Marks-man (marks'man), n. A man skilful in hitting a mark. Marks'men, n. pi. Marl, n. A kind of friable clay used for fertilizing land: — v. t., to manure with marl. *Mar-line (margin), n. A small line used for winding round cables. Marl-y (marl'e), a. Abounding with marl. Mar-ma-lade (mar'maHade), n. The pulp of quinces, &e. boiled into a consistence with sugar. *Mar-mo-re-an (mar-in6're x an), a. Made of marble. *Ma-roon (ma-r66n'), a. A brown- ish crimson color: — n., in the West Indies, a name given to the free negroes living in the mountains. *Marque (mark), n. A license. *Mar-quee (mar-kee'), n. An offi- cer's field-tent. 316 (mar'kwls), *Mar-quet-ry (mar'ketVe), Checkered or inlaid work. *Mar-quess Mar-quis One of the second order of no- bility, next in rank to a duke. Mar'quess^es, { 7 Mar'quis^es, /"•.?'• *Mar-quis-ate (mar'kwlzlt), n. The seignory of a marquis. Mar-riage (mar'rije), n. The act of legally uniting a man and a woman for life, matrimony. *Mar-riage-a-ble (mar'rlje x a-bl), a. Of age to be married. Mar-row (mar'r6), n. An oily substance contained in bones ; pith ; essence, best part. Mar-row-less (mar'rd^les), a. Void of marrow. *Mar-row-y (marWe), a. Full of marrow. Mar-ry (mar're), v. t. [pre. t. 3, marries.] To legally join a man and a woman for life; to take for husband or wife : — v. i,, to be joined in wedlock, (ap. p. — with, to.) *Mar'ri-ed, p. prf. Mars (marz), n. The heathen god of war ; a planet. Marsh, n. A fen, a bog, a swamp. Marsh'es, n. pi. *Mar-shal (mar'shal), n. The chief officer of arms or of an army; one who directs the move- ments of a procession : — v. t. f to arrange ; to rank in order. Mar'shal^ing, 1 * Mar's halting, J *' p Mar'shal-ed, 1 , *Mar'shall-ed, J f r J* *MAR-SHAL-SHip(mar / shal v ship),n. The office of a marshal. Marsh-y (marsh'e), a. [marsh- ier — marshiest.] Boggy, fenny, swampy, like a marsh. Mart, n. A place of public traffic. *Mar-ten (mar'tln), n. A large weasel, valued for its fur. Mar-tial (mar'shal), a. Warlike, suited to war, brave. [157-22.] Mar-tin (mar'tln), n. A swallow, a bird. *Mar-tin-gal (mar'tin^gal), ) Mar-tin-gale (mar'tin v gale), J n ' A broad strap made fast to the girth under the belly of a horse. *Mar-tin-mas (mar'tin x mus), n. The feast of St. Martin, No- vember 11th. *Mar-tyr (mar'tur), n. One who by his death bears witness to the truth (ap. p.— for) [270-15] :— v. t., to put to death for the truth; to murder. *Mar-tyr-dom (mar'tarMum), n. The death of a martyr. Mar-tyr-ol-o-gist ( x mar-tur-61'd- v jist), n. One who writes an ac- count of martyrs. *Mar-tyr-ol-o-gy ( x mar-tur-6ro- x j&), n. A register of martyrs. x Mar-tyr-ol Vgies, n. pi. Mar-vel (mar'vel), n. A wonder; any thing astonishing; admira- tion ; a prodigy : — v. i., to con- jecture; to wonder. Mar'vel x ing, ) *Mar'vel v ling, J P'P™' Mar'vel-ed, *Mar'vell-ed, *MaR-VEL-LOUS } , 2 / ai Mar-vel-ous }(m&r'veTlus),a. Wonderful, strange. [228-6.] d, } P'P r f' *Mar-vel-lous-ly ) (marVeTlus- Mar-vel-ous-ly j le), ad. Wonderfully. *Mar-vel-lous-ness ) (mar'v^l- Mar-vel-ous-ness j x lus-n§s)w. Wonderfulness, strangeness. Mas-cu-line (mas'ku^lln), a. Per- taining to men or to males ; re- sembling man ; bold ; virile : — ■ Opposed tO FEMININE. j^f Male is applied to the sex, masculine to the characteris- tics of the sex; as, A male author may be recognised by his masculine diction. MAS MAT nSr, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. MAT Mash, v. t. To beat into a con fused mass; to mix malt and water in brewing: — n., any thing mingled or beaten together; a mixture. Mash'es, n. pi and prs. t. 3. Mask, v. t. To disguise with a mask; to cover: — n., a cover to disguise the face; that which disguises. [372.] Mask-er (mask'ur), n. One who wears a mask. Ma-son (ma'sn), n. One who builds with stone or brick; a free-mason. Ma-son-ic (ma-s6n'ik), a. Pertain- ing to masonry. Ma-son-ry (ma'snVe), n. The work or performance of a ma- son ; the mysteries and principles of freemasonry. *Mas-o-ra (masWra), n. A He- brew work on the Bible : — some- times written masorah and massora. *Mas-q UER-ADE( v m£s-kur-ade / ),n. A diversion in which the par- ticipants are masked: — v. i., to go in disguise; to assemble in disguise. \Mas-quer-a'ding, p. prs. MAS-QUER-A-DER( v rn&s-kur-a'dur), n. A person who participates in a masquerade. Mass, n. A body ; a lump ; a large quantity; an assemblage; the bulk; the celebration of the Lord's Supper in the Roman Catholic Church. Mass'es, n. pi. *Mas-sa-cre (mas'sa^kur), n. In- discriminate destruction ; car- nage, murder, butchery: — v. t., to slaughter indiscriminately ; to butcher. *Mas'sa x cring, p. prs. Mas-si-ness (mas'se x n§s), j *Mas-sive-ness (mas'siv v nes), J n. The state of being massy; weight, bulk. Mas-sive (mas'siv), ) a. Weighty, Mas-sy (mas'se), J heavy,huge, bulky. [236-1.] MAss-MEET-iNa(mas' N meet-lng),n. A meeting of the people. Mast, n. The beam or post of a vessel to which sails are attached; the fruit of the oak and beech. Mast-ed (masted), a. Furnished with masts. Mas-ter (mas'tur), n. An owner a proprietor; a ruler; a teacher; chief commander ; a boy's title a title of respect : — v. t., to over- come; to conquer; to overpower. Mas-ter-Key (mas'tur x ke), n. A key which opens many locks. Mas-ter-ly (mas'tur N le), ad. With the skill of a master: — a., artful, skilful. *Mas-ter-piece (mas'turY&ese), n. A chief work ; capital per- formance. Mas-ter-ship (inas'tur^shlp), n. Rule ; power ; skill. Mas-ter-Stroke (mas'turW6ke), n. Capital performance. Mas-ter-y (m^ls'turVe), n. Rule, superiority, skill; power; do- minion. [192-9.] Mas'ter^ies, n. pi. *Mas-tic | / m ^ tik) n {A tree; a Mas-tich J ^ I S um or resin. Mas-ti-cate (masWkate), v. t. To chew with the teeth. Mas'ti v ca-ting, p. prs. Mas-ti-ca-tion ( x mas-te-ka'shun) n. The act of chewing. MAs-Ti-oA-TOR-Y(mas / te-ka v tur-re) a. Adapted to perform the office of chewing : — n., a medicine to be chewed. *Mas-tiff (mas'tif ),«. A large dog. ' Mas-to-don (mas't6M6n), n. A large animal, now extinct. Mat, n. A texture of sedge, flags, or rushes ; a web of rope-yarn : — v. t., to cover with mats; to join like a mat; to twist. 28* Mat'ting, p. prs. Mat'ted, p. prf. *Mat-a-dore ( v mat-a-d6re'), n. A term used in the games of quad- rille and ombre; a bull-fighter. Match (matsh), n. A thing that catches fire; contest; marriage; an equal : — v. t., to equal ; suit ; marry : — v. i., to be of equal size, color, &g. ; to suit. [215-7.] Match'es, n. pi. axi&prs. t. 3. Match-less (matsh'lls), a. With- out an equal. Match-lock (matsh'l&k), n. A musket fired by a match. Match-ma-ker (matsh' ma v kur), n. One who makes matches. Mate, n. A husband or wife : an associate; the second officer of a vessel : — v. t., to match ; to mar- ry ; to oppose ; to equal. Ma'ting, p. prs. Mate-less (mate'le's), a. Having no mate. *Ma-te-ri-al (ma-te're'al), a. Consisting of matter; corporeal; important; essential, moment- ous [351-3] : — n., that of which anything is made. [58-4.] [172.] Ma-te-ri-al-ism (ma-te're v al-izm), n. The doctrine of materialists. MA-TE-Ri-AL-iST(ma-te're v al-ist),». One who denies the existence of spiritual substances. *Ma-te-ri-al-i-ty (ma N te-re-al'le- v te), n. Material existence ; im- portance. MA-TE-Ri-AL-LY(ma-te're N al-le),ao?. Importantly, essentially. MA-TE-Ri-AL-NESs(ma-te / re'al-n^s) ii. The state of being material, importance. -Ma-te-ri-a-Med-i-ca (ma-te're- ^a-med'eHta), n. Substances used in medicine ; the branch of med- ical science which treats upon the history, action, and adminis- tration of medicines. Ma-te-ri-el (ma-te're^el), n. The equipage, arms, maw-s6-le , UDa),?i. A funeral monument. MMau-so-le'a, ) , v Mau-so-le'ums, j n ' pl " Maw, n. The stomach of animals. *Maw-kish (maw'kish), a. Apt to offend the stomach, or to cause loathing. Maw-kish-ness (maw'kish^nes), n. Aptness to cause loathing or satiety. Max-il-lar (maks'llMar or maks- il'lar), a. Maxillary. *Max-il-la-ry (maks'iria-re), a. Belonging to the jaw-bone. Max-im (maks'lm), n. An axiom, a general principle, a proverb. *Max-i-mum (maks'e'mum),?*. The greatest number or quantity at- tainable. MaxVma, n. pi. May (ma), v.i. [might — Defective.'] To be permitted; to be possible; to be able : — see under have : — n., the fifth month of the year. May-day (ma/da), n. The first day of May. *May-hem (ma'hein), n. The act of maiming. May-or (nia'ur),n. The chief magis- trate of a corporation, or city. *May-or-al-ty (ma'ur x al-te), n. The office of a mayor. May'or v al-ties, n. pi. May-or-ess (ma'ur^s), n. The wife of a mayor. May'or'ess-es, n. pi. May-pole (ma'p61e), n. A pole to be danced around in May. MEA MEG nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p6und — thin, this. MED Maze, n. A labyrinth ; perplexity, confusion [157] [315-7] :— v. t., to bewilder; to confuse. Ma'zing, p. prs. *Ma-zy (ma'ze), a. [mazier — maziest.] Confused; made in- tricate by windings. [141.] Me, pro. The objective singular of I. Mead (meed ), n. A meadow ; a drink made of water and honey. *Mead-ow (med'd6), n. A grass field from which hay is made; low or marshy land. Mea-ger } , i, 2 x f Lean; •M.A-OM }M'g")'«-{ poor] wanting flesh ; hungry. Mea-ger-ly J (me'gurHe), ad. *Mea-gre-ly J Poorly, thinly. Mea-ger-ness f , i, z. \ i \ *M E A- GR E-NE S s|( m ^ drn& )' n - LeannesSjWant-of flesh or fertility. JMeal (meel), n. A repast; flour. *Meal-i-ness (meere^nes), n. The quality of being mealy. Meal-y (meel'£), a. [mealier — mealiest.] Having the taste or qualities of meal. *Meal-y-Motjth-ed (meel'e- N m6uTHd), a. Unable to speak freely, bashful.. Mean (meen), a. Wanting dig- nity ; of low rank ; despicable ; base : — »., mediocrity ; interval ; instrument; the middle point: — see means : — v. i. [meant or MEANED — MEANT Or MEANED], to intend ; to purpose. Mean-ing (meen'ing), n. Purpose, intention; the sense. Mean-ing-less (meen'lngHe's), a. m Without a meaning. Me-an-der (me-an'dur), n. Maze, a winding course ; labyrinth : — v. i., to run winding; to flow around. [16-2.] *Me-an-drous (me-an'drus), a. Winding. Mean-ly (meen'le), ad. Poorly; not generously ; basely ; in a mean manner. ad. *Mean-ness (meen'nSs), n. Sor- didness, baseness; poverty. *Means (meenz), n. sing, and pi. Income; instrument; method. *Meant (ment), pst. t. SLTidp.prf. of MEAN. Mean-time (meen'tlme), ) Mean-while (meen'hwile), j In the intervening time. *Mea-sles (me'zlz), n. pi A kind of eruptive and contagious disease. Mea-sly (me'zle), a. Infected or spotted with the measles. *Meas-u-ra-ble (rn£zh'uVa-bl), a. Capable of being measured. Meas-ure (mezh'ure), n. That by which any thing is measured; proportion; degree; proportion- ate time ; moderation ; limit ; metre [382-1] : — v. t., to com- pute ; to pass through ; to mark out; to adjust; to allot: — v. i., to have extent. Measuring, p. prs. Meas-ure-less (mezh'ure^les), a. Immeasurable, boundless. Meas-ure-ment (mezh'ure v m^nt), n. Act of measuring, mensuration. Meas-u-rer (mezh'uVur), n. One who measures. Meat (meet), ». Flesh to be eaten, food in general; provisions. Me-chan-ic (me-kan'ik), n. A manufacturer ; one employed in mechanical labor; an artisan. Me-chan-ic (me-kan'ik), j Me-chan-i-cal (me-kan'e^kal) j °" Constructed by the laws of me- chanics ; relating to machines or mechanism; skilled in me- chanics. Me-chan-i-cal-ly - (me-kan'e v kal- le), ad. By mechanics; un- wittingly. *MECH-A-Ni-ciAN(\ne'k-a-nlsh'an), n. One skilled in mechanics. Me-chan-ics (me-kan'iks), n. pi. The science that treats of the laws of motion. *Mech-a-nism (mek'a x nizm), n. Construction of a machine. [35-10.] [222-19.] Mech-an-ist (mek'anlst), n. One versed in mechanics, a machinist. Me-co-ni-um (me-k6'neum), n. The juice of the white poppy; opium. Med-al (niM'al), n. An ancient coin; a piece stamped in honor of some remarkable performance. *Me-dal-lic (me-dal'lik), a. Per- taining to medals. *Me-dall-ion (me-dal'yun), n. A large medal. Med-al-ist ) (m^d'allst),^. One *Med-al-list j skilled in medals. *Med-al-lur-gy j (med'aFiir-je), Med-al-ur-gy j n. The art of striking medals or coins. Med-dle (med'dl), v. i. To have to do; to interpose, {ap. p. — with.) *Med'dling, p. prs. Med-dler (ni£dMlur), n. One who meddles; a busy-body. *Med-dle-some (medWsum), a. Intermeddling, officious. Me'di x a, n. pi. of medium. Me-di-al (me'de^al), a. Noting an average. Me-di-ate (me'deate), v. i. To interpose as an equal friend to both parties, {ap. p. — between.) Me'di x a-ting, p. prs. *Me-di-ate (me'delt), a. Inter- posed, intervening; acting as a mean or medium. *Me-di-ate-ly (me'deit-le), ad. By a secondary cause. Me-di-a-tion ( v me-de-a/shun), n. Interposition, intervention, en- treat} 7 for another, intercession. *Me-di-a-tor ( N m4-de-a'tur), n. One who intervenes between two parties; an intercessor; an ad- vocate ; Christ, the Redeemer. *Me-di-a-to-ri-al ( x ine-de-a-t6'- re'al), a. Belonging to a me- diator. 319 MED MEL Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, rnSve, MEM Me- di-a-tor-ship ( x me-d6-a'tur- ^ship), n. The office of a mediator. Me-di-a-trix ( x ine-de-a'triks), n. A female who mediates. ^Ie-di-a'trix^s, n. pi. Med-i-ca-ble (me'd'e^ka-bl), a. Curable. Med-i-cal (m^d'e'kal), a. Phys- ical, medicinal, healing. [229-9.] Med-i-cal-ly (ni^d'e^al-le), ad. Physically, medicinally. Med-i-ca-ment (meVl'e v ka-ment), n. A remedy ; medicine ; physic. Med-i-cate (rned'e'kate), v. t. To tincture with any thing medicinal. Med Yca-ting, p. pre. *Me-dic-i-nal (me-dis'se x nal), a. Healing; belonging to medicine. ME-Dic-i-NAL-LY(me-dls / se v nal-le), ad. Physically, by medicine. *Med-i-cine (mM'e^ln), n. Any remedy designed to cure or miti- gate disease. *Me-di-e-val fm^-de-e'val), a. Relating to the Middle Ages. *Me-di-o-cre (W-de-6'kur), a. Middling, of moderate degree. *Me-di-oc-ri-ty ( v me-de-6k're y te), n. Small degree, middle rate. [265-2.] Med-i-tate (meditate), v. t. To plan,- to contrive; to think on ; to scheme; to contemplate, (ap. p. — on, upon.) [153-6.] MedVta-ting, p. prs. Med-i-ta-tton (Wd-e-ta'shun), n. Deep thought; close attention; contemplation. [69-11.] [164-2.] Med-i-ta-tive (m&d'e^ta-tlv), a. Addicted to meditation. *Med-i-ter-ra-ne-an ( v me ! d-e-te ! r- ra'ne'an), a. Encircled with land, inland. *Me-di-um (m^'d^um), n. Any thing intervening ; a means ; a middle place or degree ; the sub- stance, space, or person passed through. [80-6.] *Me'di v a, * Me'diVms 320 [ n.pl. *Med-ley (med'le), n. A mixture, a mingled mass: — a., mingled, confused. *Me-dul-lar (m^-dul'lar), a. Medullary. -Med-ul-la-ry (me'd'uria-re or me-dul'laVe), a. Consisting of, or resembling, marrow ; relating to marrow. Meed, n. Reward, gift. [69-6.] Meek, a. Mild of temper, gentle, humble, yielding. Meek-ly (meek'le), ad. Mildly, gently ; not proudly. Meek-ness (meek'n^s), n. Gentle ness, mildness. *Meer, n. A lake ; a boundary. Meet, v. t. [met — met.] To come face to face ; to encounter : — v. i., to assemble; to come together; to find; to join {ap. p. — with): — a., fit, proper, becoming. Meet'ing, p. prs. : — n., an assem- bly; a convention; an interview, a conference. Meet-ly (meet'le), ad. Fitly, properly, suitably. Meet-ness (meet'ne's), n. Fitness, propriety. *Me-grim (megrim), n. A neural- gic pain in the head. Mel-an-chol-ic (mel'an v k61-lk), a. Dejected in spirit, gloomy. *Mel-an-chol-y (meTan N kol-l&),n. A kind of madness ; a gloomy temper [20-32] [166-25] :— a., gloomy ; diseased with melan- choly, unhappy, dispirited. *Me-lange (me-lanzh'), n. A mixture. *Me-lee (ma-la'), n. A conflict, a confused fight. *MEL-iOR-ATE,(meel'yur^ate), v. t. To make better; to improve. [54-18.] Mei/ior n a-ting, p. prs. MEL-iOR-A-TiON( N meel-yur-a / shun) n. Improvement. *MEL-LiF-ER-ous(m§l-lif'^r'us), a. Productive of honey. *Mel-lif-lu-ence (mSl-llf lu- x 6nse), n. A honeyed flow; a flow of sweetness. Mel-lif-lu-ent (mSl-lif lu^nt), ) *Mel-lif-lu-ous (mel-llf'Wus), } a. Flowing with honey ; sweetly flowing; smooth. Mel-low (mel'16), a. Soft with ripeness ; fully ripe ; soft to the ear; drunk [71-7] : — v. t. } to ri- pen; to mature; to soften: — v. i.j to be matured. Mel-low-ness (m^'l^nfe), n. Ripeness, softness. *Me-lo-de-on (me-16'de'un), n. A keyed-instrument of music. Me-lo-di-ous (me-16'de x us), a. Musical, harmonious, containing melody. [164-14.] *Me-lo-di-ous-ly (me-lo'de^us- le), ad. Harmoniously, musically. Me-lo-di-ous-ness (me-Wde^ds- nes), n. Harmoniousness, sweet- ness of sound. Mel-o-dize (mSlWdlze), v. t. To make melodious. Mel'o x di-zing, p. prs. *Mel-o-dra-mat-ic ( y m^l-16-dra- mat'ik), a. Relating to a melo- drama. Mel-o-dra-ma f mel-16-dra'ma), j Mel-o-drame (m^l'16 v drame), J n. A musical dramatic perform- ance, with gorgeous sceneries. Mel-o-dy (ineT16M&), n. An agreeable succession of musical sounds; air or tune; music: — see harmony. *MelVdies, n. pi. *Mel-on (rneTldn), n. A plant and its fruit. Melt, v. t. To dissolve ; to soften to love or tenderness : — v. i. f to become liquid; to dissolve; to soften. Mem-ber (me'm'bur), n. A limb ; a clause; apart; an individual of a society. Mem-ber-ship (meWbuVship), n. The state of a member. -**••* MEM MEN nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, THis. MEP Mem-brane (mem'brane), n. A web of several sorts of fibres in- terwoven ; an animal or vege- table tissue expanded into a thin skin. *Mem-bran-ous (mem/bran N us), a. Consisting of membranes. Me-men-to (me-meVt6), «. A hint to awaken the memory; that which reminds. [21-36.] *Me-men-tos (me-men't6ze), n. pi. *Me-moir (me-mdir' or mem'war), n. A biographical notice ; a fa- miliar account. *Mem-o-ra-bil-i-a (^mem-6-ra- bil'e v a), n. pi. Things worthy of being remembered. Mem-or-a-ble (mem'ur r a-bl), a. Worthy of memory, illustrious, famous. [114-16.] Mem-o-ra-bly (mem / ur x a-ble), ad. In a manner to be remembered. MEM-o-RAN-DUM( N mem-6-ran'dum) n. A note to help the memory. n Mem-o-ran'da, f , n Mem-o-ran'dums, J n ' & ' Mem-o-ra-tive (mem'ur x a-tlv), a. Tending to preserve memory. Me-mo-ri-al (me-m6're v al), n. A written act containing a claim, remonstrance, or petition; some- thing to preserve memory [68] : — a., preserving remembrance; contained in memory. Me-mo-ri-al-ist (me-m6Wal-lst), n. One who writes or signs memorials. *Me-mo-ri-al-ize (me-nio're^al- Ize), v. t. To petition by a memorial. Me-mo'ri-alVzing, p. prs. *Mem-o-rize (mem'ur v ize), v. t. To record; to cause to be re- membered ; to fix in the memory. Mem'orVzing, p. prs. Mem-or-y (mem'ur x re), n. The power of retaining or recollecting things past; recollection; re- membrance. *Mem'or v ies, n. pi. V Men, w. pi. of man. Men-ace (men'nls), v. t. To threaten : — n., a threat. *Men'a v cing, p. prs. *Me-nage (me-nazh'), n. A col- lection of animals ; menagerie. *Men-ag-e-rie (men-azh/urVeJ, \ Men-ag-er-y (inen-aj'urVe), j n. A collection of wild animals ; a place for wild animals. Men-ag'er x ies, n. pi. Mend, v. t. To repair ; to correct ; to improve : — v. i., to grow better. *Men-da-cious (nien-da/shds), a. Lying, false. *Men-dac-i-ty (men-das'se^te), n. Want of truth, falsehood. Mend-er (mend'ur), n. One who mends. *Men-di-can-cy (ineVde^kan-se), w. A state of beggary. Men-di-cant (uien'de x kant), n. A beggar :— a., begging. *Men-dic-i-ty (men-dis'seHe), n. The life of a beggar ; poverty. *Me-ni-al (me'ne^al), a. Belong- ing to servants; servile: — n., a servant ; a drudge. *Me-nis-cus (me-nis'kus), n. A lens concave on one side and convex on the other. Me-nis'cus x es, n. pi. Men-stru-um (meVstruMm), n. A liquor used as a solvent. Men'stru^a, n. pi. Men-su-ra-bil-i-ty fme'n-shu-ra- bil'leHe), n. Capacity of being measured. Men-su-ra-ble (men'shuVa-bl), a. Measurable. Men-su-ra-tion (^men-shu-ra'- shun), n. Art of measuring. Men-tal (men'tal), a. Intellectual. Men-tal-i-ty (men-tal'le^te), n. Mental nature. Men-tal-ly (meVtarie), ad. By the mind, intellectually. Men-tion (men'shun), n. Oral or written expression : — v. t., to ex- press in words or writing. *Men-tion-a-ble (men'shun N a-bl), a. Proper to be mentioned. Men-tor (men'tdr), n. A wise counsellor. *Me-phit-ic (me-fit'ik), a. Ill- savoured; noxious. Mer-can-tile (mer'kanHll), a. Trading, commercial. [142-5.] *Mer-ce-na-ry (nier'se N na-re), a. Venal; hired; selfish; mean [260-17] :— «., a hireling. Mer'ceVa-ries, ft. pi. Mer-cer (meYsur), n. One who sells silks. *Mer-cer-y (mer'surVe), n. Trade or goods of mercers. *Mer-chan-dise (mer'tshanMlze), n. Traffic, commerce, trade, wares, goods [144-29] : — v. i., to trade ; to traffic ; to deal in mer- chandise. Mer'chan^di-sing, p. prs. Mer-chant (mer'tghant), n. A wholesale trader ; a trafficker. Mer-chant-a-ble (meVtshanOa- bl), a. Fit to be bought or sold. Mer-chant-man (mer'tshant N man), ft. A ship of trade. Mer'chantVen, ft. pi. Mer-ci-ful (iner'se'ful), a. Com- passionate, tender, kind. *MER-ci-FUL-LY(mer'se v ful-le),aG?. Compassionately, tenderly. Mer-ci-ful-ness (meVseYul-nes), ft. Tenderness ; willingness to spare. Mer-ci-less (meYse^les), a. Void of mercy, pitiless. Mer-ci-less-ly (mer / se v le ! s-le), ad. In a merciless manner. MER-ci-LESS-NESs(meVse v les-ne , s), ft. Want of pity. *Mer-cu-ri-al (mer-ku're x al), a. Spirited; active, sprightly; con- sisting of quicksilver or mercuiy. Mer-cu-ry (mer'kuVe), «. Quick- silver; sprightly qualities; a planet; a heathen deity ; a mes- senger. Mer'cu^ries, ft. pi. S21 MER MES Fate, far, fall, f&t — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, m6ve, MET Mer-cy (meYse), n. Tenderness, clemency; pardon; pity; com- passion. [82-22.] *Mer'cies, n. pi. Mer-cy-Seat (mer'se x seet), n. The covering of the Ark of the Covenant. *Mere, a. This or that only ; abso- lute; entire [94-31]: — n., a lake; a boundary ; a ridge ; a meer. Mere-ly (mere'le), ad. Simply, only; for this and no other purpose. *Mer-e-tric-ious fmer-e-trlsh'- us), a. Alluring by false show, gaudy; deceitful. Merge (murj), v. t. To sink; to immerse : — v. i., to be sunk. Mer'ging, p. prs. Me-rid-i-an (me-rid'e N an),n. Noon, mid-day; the line drawn from north to south which the sun crosses at noon; the highest point: — see latitude: — a., at the point of noon ; raised to the highest point, f #Me-rid-i-o-nal (me-rid'eNS-nal), a. Pertaining to the meridian ; southern. *Me-ri-no (me-re'n6), n. A va- riety of fine-woolled sheep; a fine woollen fabric. Mer-it (merit), n. Desert, claim ; worth, value : — v. t., to deserve. Mer-i-to-ri-ous ( v mer-e-t6 r re'us), a. Deserving of reward. *Mer-i-to-ri-ous-ly ( N m§r-e-t6'~ re x us-le), ad. In a deserving manner. Mer-maid (meVmade), n. A sea- woman ; a fabled animal, the upper part woman, the lower part fish. Mer-ri-ly (meVreHe), ad. Gayly, cheerfully, with mirth. Mer-ry (mer're), a. [merrier — merriest.] Laughing, gay ; causing pleasure, cheerful. *Mer-ry-an-drew fmer-re-an'- dr66), n. A buffoon. 322 Mer-ry- ma-king (mer're v ma- king), n. A festive or jovial meeting. *Mer-ri-ment (meVre^ine'nt), n Mirth, gayety, noisy sport. *Mer-ry-tho ught (mer're^Aawt) n. The forked bone of a fowl's breast. Mes-dames (ma-dain')>i^. of ma- dame, which see. Me-seems (me-seemz'), v. i. [De- fective.'] It appears to me. ^" The construction of me seems is similar to that of methinks. Its use should be discountenanced. See under methinks. *Mes-en-ter-y (mes'e , n v te : r-re), n. A membrane which suspends the small intestines. Mes'en n ter-ies, n. pi. Mesh, n. The space between the threads of a net: — v. t., to catch in a net; to insnare. Mesh'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Mesh-y (mesh'e), a. Like network. *Mes-lin (meVlin), n. Mixed grain, as wheat and rye. *Mes-mer-ic (mez-meVik), a. Per- taining to mesmerism. Mes-mer-ism (mez'meVlzm), n. The art of causing (by a certain unknown influence) the mind or body of one person to become subject to the will of another. j/gggh* The four mesmeric states are, 1, the magnetic sleep ; 2, the electrical state, in which the subject's body is controlled by the operator; 3, the psycho- logical state, in which his mind is controlled; 4, the clairvoyant state. Mes-mer-ize (meYin^rlze), v. t. To put a person in a mesmeric state: — v.i.to practice mesmerism, Mes'merVzing, p. prs. Mess, n. A dish; a quantity; a number of persons who eat to- gether : — v. %., to eat together. Mess'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Mes-sage (ineVsije), n. A notice sent; an errand; a communica- tion from the executive depart- ment of a state to the legislative, f Mes-sen-ger (meYsen'jAr), n. One who bears a message. [147.] *Mes-si-ah (mes-si'a), n. The Anointed, the Christ, f Mes-si-ah-ship (mes-slTshlp), n. The office of the Savior. *Mes-sieurs (meWurz or mes'- yurz), n. pi. [sing, monsieur.] Sirs, Gentlemen. Mess-mate (mes'mate), n. One of a set who mess together. *Mes-suage (mes'swaje), n. The house and ground set apart for household uses. Met, pst. t. and p. prf. of meet. *Me-tach-ro-nism (me-tak'r6- x nlzm), n. Placing a date too late in time. Met-al (meYtl), n. A hard, com- pact body, malleable and capable of fusion. *Me-tal-lic (me-tal'llk), a. Con- sisting of metal ; resembling metal. *Met-al-lif-er-ous (\net-al-llf- urNfts), a. Producing metals. Met-al-line (meVariine or meV- al v lln), a. Impregnated with metal; consisting of metal. *Met-al-list (m^t'ariist), n. A worker in metals. *Met-al-lize (met'arilze), v. t. To impregnate a substance with me- tallic qualities. Met'aiAli-zing, p. prs. Met-al-lur-gic ( x met-al-lur'jik), a. Pertaining to metallurgy. Met-al-lur-gist (mefaPlur-jlst), n. One skilled in refining metals. *Met-al-lur-gy (m^t'ariur-je), n. The art of separating, refining, or working metals. *Met-a-mor-phose fme't-a-mdr'- fus), v. t. To change form. MMet-a-mor'phos^ng, p. prs. Lfl^l MET MET n6r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. MIA * Met-a-mor-pho-sis (^net-a-mor'- f m6-t£-6r'lk), a. Pertaining to a meteor. Me-te-or-ite (me'te x 6r-ite), Me-te-or-o-lite ( x me-te-6r'6 N lite), n. A meteoric stone. *"Me-te-o-ro-log-i-cal (meH£-6- r6-16j'e v kal), a. Relating to meteorology. *Me-te-o-rol-o-gy (meH£-o-r61'- 16 v je), n. The science of atmos- pheric phenomena. Me-ter (ine'tur), n. A measure : that which measures: — see metre. *Me-theg-lin (nie-£Aeg'lin), n. A drink made of honey boiled with water and fermented. Me-thinks (me-^Mngks'), v. i. [methought — defective.] It seems to me ; it is evident to me. 7^§** The use of methinks is not to be recommended. It is not equivalent to / think, as Dr. Johnson supposed, but to the Latin " Videtur mihi" (it seems or appears to me). The real nominative to thinks is the sentence that follows me- thinks, which may be person- ated by the inceptive pronoun it; and me is governed by to understood. " Methinks I see it now" = [That] I see it now thinks (seems) to me = To me it thinks (seems) [that] I see it now. "Methought I heard Horatio say, to-morrow" = [That] I heard Horatio say, to-morrow, thought (seemed) to me = To me it thought (seemed) [that] I heard Horatio say, to-morrow. Meth-od (mef^'ud), n. Orderly arrangement; mode, manner; regularity; way. Me-thod-i-cal (m^-^6d'e v kal), a. Ranged in due order; regular, formal. [294-1.] Me-thod-i-cal-ly (me-iA&d'^kal- le), ad. By method and order. Meth-od-ism (lne^'odlzm),^. The system of religious worship found- ed by John Wesley. Meth-od-ist (mM'&dlst), n. A believer in Methodism. Meth-od-ist-ic fme^-od-lstlk), a. Resembling Methodism, or rela- ting to it. *Meth-od-ize (mfi^'&dHze), v. t. To regulate; to dispose in or- der ; to arrange. Meth'odVzing, p. prs. Me-thoijght (mk-Mwt^fpat. t. of methinks, which see. *Me-ton-y-my (me-t&n , e > m£ or met'c^nim-e), n. A rhetorical figure, by which one word is put for another. Me-ton'y v mies, n. pi. Me-ter ) , A ,, 2 x f Poetical .„,, > (me'tur), n. \ ^Me-tre j v I measure ; verse; arrangement of poetical feet: — see METER.f Met-ri-cal (rneYre^kal), a. Per- taining to metre or measure; consisting of verses. [136-24.] *Me-trop-o-lis (me-tr6p'6 v lis), n. The chief city of any country. [36-18.] [271-23.] *Met-ro-pol-i-tan ( x met-r6-p&l'- e x tan), n. An archbishop : — a., belonging to a metropolis. *Met-ro-pol-i-tic ( N rnet-r6-p&l'£- x tik), a. Pertaining to a me- tropolis. Met-tle (met'tl), n. Spirit, courage. Met-tled (met'tld), a. Courageous. *MET-TLE-soME(meVtl x sum),a.Full of spirit, lively, brisk. Mew (mil), n. A cage; an en- closure; the cry of a cat; a sea- fowl : — v. i. f to cry as a cat : — v. t. f to encage; to shed, as feathers. *Mewl (mule), v. i. To cry or squall as a child. *Mez-zo-tint (meVz&Hlnt), ) Mez-zo-tin-to ( N m£t-z6-tin't6), j n. A kind of engraving. *Mi-Asm (mi'azm), ) n. Parti- Mi-as-ma (mi-az'ma), j cles of animal matter ; effluvia. Mi-as-ma-ta ( v uil-az-ma'ta), n.pl. 323 MID MIL Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, MIL *Mi-as-mat-ic fmi-az-mat'Ik), a. Pertaining to miasm; infectious. Mice (mise), pi. of mouse. *Mich-ael-mas (mik'eTmus), n. The feast of the Archangel Mi- chael, September 29th. *Mic-kle (mik'kl),a. Much, great. *Mi-cro-cosm (ml'kr6 x k6zm), n. The little world; man: — opposed to MACROCOSM. Mi-crom-e-ter (mi-kr6m r eHur), n. An instrument to measure small spaces. *Mi-cro-scope (ml'kr& r sk6pe), n. An optical instrument for view- ing small objects. Mi-cro-scop-ic ( > ml-kr6-sk6p'ik), a. Assisted by, or resembling, a microscope ; very small. Mid, a.[defective — MiDMOST]Middle. Mid-day (mld'da), n. Noon ; meridian : — a., being at noon. Mid-dle (mld'dl), a. [defective — middlemost.] Equally distant from two extremes; intermedi- ate : — see modern : — n., the part equally distant from two extremi- ties; the centre. Mid-dle- aged (mldWajd), a. Being about the middle of life. Mid-dle-man (mld'drman), n. An agent between two parties. Mid'dle x men, n. pi. Mid-dle-most (mid'drm6st),a. sup. Being in the middle; midmost. Mid-dling (middling), a. Of mid- dle rank ; of moderate size. *Midge (midj),w. A very small gnat. Mid-land (mld'land), a. In the midst of land, interior. Mid-leg (mid'leg), n. Middle of the leg. MiD-MOST(mld , m6st),a.«up.Nearest the middle; middlemost. *Mid-night (mld'nite), n. The depth of night; twelve o'clock at night: — a., being in the mid- dle of the night. *Mid-riff (inid'rif), n. The diaphragm. 324 Mid-ship-man (mid'ship^man), n A lower officer on board a ship of war. Mid'shipVen, n. pi. MIdst, n. Middle : — a., being in the middle : — prp., amidst. Mid-sum-mer (mid'sum v mur), n. The summer solstice, June 21-23. Mid-way (inid'wa), n. The part of the way equally distant from the beginning and end: — ad., half way. Mid-win-ter (mld'winHur), n. The winter solstice, December 21-23. *Mien (meen), n. Air, manner, look; aspect. [110-27.] M!ff, n. Slight resentment : — v. t., to give slight offense. *Might (mtte), pst. t. of may : — see under have : — w., great power, strength, force. Might-i-ly (ml'te^le), ad. Power- fully, efficaciously; with force. Might-i-ness (mite'eWs), n. Greatness, power, dignity. Might-y (mi'te), a. [mightier — mightiest.] Powerful, strong, vigorous, great. -Mign-o-nette ( v min-y&-net'), n. A fragrant flower. Mi-grate (migrate), v. i. To re- move to another country. Mi'gra x ting, p. prs. Mi-gra-tion (ml-gra'shun), n. Act of changing place; removal. *"Mi-gra-tor-y (ml'gra N tur-re), a. Changing residence. -Milch (milsh), a. Giving milk. MIld, a. Kind, tender, gentle; soft, calm ; not pungent. *Mil-dew (mil'du), n. A disease in plants; spots on paper or cloth : — v. t. or v. i., to taint with mildew. Mild-ly (mild'le), ad. In a mild manner. Mild-ness (mild'nes), n. Gentle- ness, tenderness, clemency, soft- ness, calmness. MIle, n. A measure of length containing 320 lineal rods, or 1760 lineal yards; a measure of surface containing 102400 square yards, or 640 acres; in Geog- raphy, the sixtieth part of a degree. 7/SM** A Geographic mile equals 1.158 English statute miles. * Mile-age (mlle'ij), n. Eees for travel per mile. Mile-stone (mlle'st6ne), n. A stone set to mark the miles. *Mil-foil (mil'f61l), n. Yarrow. *Mil-ia-ry (mil'yaVe), a. Small, resembling a millet-seed. *Mil-i-tant (mil'e'tant), a. En- gaged in warfare, fighting. *MiL-i-TA-Ri-LY(mil / e v ta-re N le),a min),?i.p?. Milk-y (milk'e), a. Made of, or resembling, milk. Milk-y-Way (milk'eVa), n. A stream of light in the heavens arising from an innumerable as- semblage of fixed stars; the galaxy. MIll, n. An engine for grinding grain, pepper, tobacco, &c. ; a machine for rolling out iron, or for sawing logs, boards, &c. ; a nominal coin of the United States, the tenth of a cent; a building or factory containing a mill or any machine : — v. t., to grind ; to beat up ; to stamp ; to make a raised impression on the edges of coin, &g. : — a., employed in a mill, as hands; produced in, or belonging to, a mill. Mill-dam (mil'dam), n. A mound by which water is kept for a mill. *Mil-le-na-ri-an ( v mil-le-na/re- v an ), n. One who expects the Millennium : — a., pertaining to the Millennium. *Mil-le-na-ry (mll'l& N na-re), a. Consisting of a thousand : — »., the space of a thousand years. Mil-len-ni-al (mil-leVne x al), a. Pertaining to the Millennium. Mil-len-ni-al-ist (rnil-len'ne v al- 1st), n. One who believes in the Millennium. *MiL-LEN-Ni-UM(mil-len'ne v um),n. A thousand years of our Savior's reign on earth after the resur rection. *Mil-le-ped (mll'le^peM), n. A wood-louse. Mil-le-pore (mil'le v p6re), n. A kind of coral. Mil-ler (tnil'lur), n. One who at- tends a mill; an insect. *Mil-les-i-mal (mil-les'e^mal), a. Thousandth. Mil-let (mil'lit), n. A plant; a kind of fish. Mil-li-ner (mil'leVmr), n. One who sells or makes women's bon- nets, caps, &c. *Mil-li-ner-y (inil'le N ner-re), n. The work or goods of a milliner. *Mul.l-ion (mil'yun), a. or n. By the French or American and Eng- lish methods of numeration, a number expressed by a unit in the seventh place ; 1,000,000. *Mill-ion-aire ) fmll-yun-are'), Mill-ion-naire j ».A man worth a million. Mill-ionth (mil'yun^), a. The ordinal of a million ; noting the number million. Mill-pond (mil'p6nd), n. A pond used for driving a mill. Mill-race (mil'rase), n. A canal to convey water from a mill dam to a water-wheel. Mill-stone (mil'st6ne), n. A stone by which grain is ground. MIlt, n. The sperm of a male fish; the spleen. Milt-er (mllt'ur), n. The male of any fish. Mime, n. A kind of farce; a buffoon. *Mi-met-ic (nie-metlk), ) Mi-met-ic-al (me-niet'e x kal), j a ' Having a tendency to imitation, imitative. *Mim-ic (mlmlk), n. A ludicrous or servile imitator : — v. t. } to imi tate; to ridicule by burlesque imitation; to mock: — a., imita- tive. [43-3.] *Mim'ick x ing, p. prs. *Mim'ick-ed, p. prf. *Mim-i-cal (mlin'e x kal), a. Imita- tive, inclined to mimic. 2S Mim-ick-er (mlm'lk x ur), n. One who mimics. *Mim-ic-ry (mim'lkVe), n. Bur- lesque imitation. [110-29.] Mim'ic x ries, n. pi. *Mi-na-cious (me-na'shus), a. Threatening. Mi-nac-i-ty (me-nas'seHe), n. A disposition to threaten. Min-a-ret (min'aVet), n. A turret or spire on a mosque. Min-a-tor-y (min'a'tur-re), «. Threatening. Mince (minse), v. t. or v. i. To cut small ; to palliate ; to act,walk, or speak with affected nicety. •••Min'cing, p. prs. Mince-Pie (minse'pi), \ Minced-Pie (minst'pi), J n% A pie made of minced meat, spices, &g. Min-cing-ly (min r sing x le), ad. In small parts; affectedly; with short steps. MInd, n. Intelligent power; in- tellect; will; purpose; choice; opinion; memory: — v. t., to at- tend; to mark; to yield to; to remind : — v. i., to be disposed ; to render obedience. Mind'ed, p. prf.: — a., disposed; inclined; affected. Mind-ful (mind'fiil), a. Atten- tive, heedful. Mind-ful-ly (niind'fuTle), ad. Attentively. Mind-ful-ness (inlnd'furnes), n. Attention, regard. Mind-less (mind'les), a. Inatten- tive, regardless; stupid. Mine, pro. Belonging to me : — a singular possessive of I, used after the name of that which is possessed ; as, this house is mine : — see my: — n., a cavern or place which contains metals or miner- als : — v. i., to dig mines or bur- rows: — v. t., to sap; to ruin by mines ; to destroy slowly. Mining, p. prs. 325 MIN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, inet — pine, pin — n6, move, MIR *Mi-ner (inl'nur), n. One who digs in mines; one who makes military mines. Min-er-al (min'eVal), n. An in- organic substance; matter dug out of mines : — a., consisting of fossil bodies loaded with min- eral matter. Min-er-al-ist (min'eVal-ist), n. One versed in minerals. Mix-er-al-i-za-tiox ( x m'in-eVal-£- za'shtin), n. The act of min- eralizing. Mix-er-al-ize (min'er-aPlze), v. t. To combine with a mineral: — v. %., to go in search of minerals, Mix'er-al x i-zixg, p. prs. Mtn-er-al-i-zer (mln'e'r-ari-zur), n. That which mineralizes. Mix-er-al-og-i-cal pmin-e'r-al Sj'e^kal), a. Pertaining to min- eralogy. *Mix-er-al-o-gist f min-e'r-arT) N jlst), n. One versed in min eralogy. Mix-er-al-o-gy ( x min-er-al'l6 v je), tt. The science of minerals. MI-xer'va, n. The goddess Pallas. Min-gle (ming'gl), v. t. To mix ; to blend : — v. i., to be mixed : — n., a mixture, (ap. p. — with.) Mix'glixg, p. prs. *Mix-ia-ture (rnin'eHure or min' e-a v ture), n. Representation in a small compass ; a small like- ness : — a., on a small scale. *Mix-i-kix (min'e^kln), a. Di- minutive, small : — n., a darling. *Mix-im (min'im), n. A small being, a dwarf; in Music, a half note, marked thus [ f ] ; in Medicine, formerly, a drop, recently, the sixtieth part of a fluidrachm. *Min-i-mum (minimum), n. The least number or quantity possi- ble : — opposed to maximum. MinVma, n. pi. Mix-ion (mln/yun), n. A favorite; a low dependant ; a kind of printing type. [263.] 326 Mix-is-ter (niin'is'tur), n. An agent ; an officer of state or the church ; an agent from a foreign power; a messenger [76] : — v. t., to give ; to supply ; to afford : — v . %., to serve in an office ; to give assistance, [ap. p. — to.) -Mix-is-te-ri-al prnin-is-te're'al), a. Acting under superior au- thority ; official ; ecclesiastical ; sacerdotal ; pertaining to minis- ters of state. [221-1.] Mix-is-trant (mln'isHrant), a. Attendant. MiN-is-TRA-Tiox(^min-is-tra'shun), n. Agency; office; ecclesiastical function. Mix-is-try (inin'isHre), n. Office, service; the executive council of a state. [90.] Min'is x tries, n. pi, Min-ium (inin'yum or minium), n, Vermilion, red lead. MixK, n. A small animal. *Mix-xow (min'no), n. A very small fish. *Mi-xor (ml'nur), a. Petty; less: — n., one under age.f Mi-xor-i-ty (me-n6r'eHe), n. The state of being under age ; the smaller number. [332-12.] Mi-xorVties, n. pi. *Mix-o-tatjr fniin'oHawr), n. A fabulous monster, half man and half bull. Mix-ster (min'stur), n. A mon- astery ; a cathedral church. [136-14.] Mix-strel (min'strll), n. A mu- sician; a poet. *Mix-strel-sy (min'strlPse), n Music ; instrumental harmony [97-3.] Mix'strel x sies, n. pi. MixT, n. A plant; a place where money is coined : — v. t., to coin ; to invent. *Mint-age (mint'ije), n. Duty paid for coining; coinage. Mint-er (inlnt'ur), n. A coiner, Mix-u-exd (min 'uN* rid), n. The number to be diminished. *Mix-u-et (mln'u^t), n. A stately, regular dance. [66-24.] MFnus, n. The sign [ — ] noting subtraction : — a., subtractive, as a minus quantity ; — prp. dimin- ished by, as 5 minus 3. Mix-ute (mln'nit), n. As a meas- ure of time, the sixtieth part of an hour ; as a measure of circu- lar motion, the sixtieth part of a degree; a note or memorandum; the first draught of a written agreement : — v. t., to set down in short hints. Min'ut v ixg, p. prs. Mi-xute (me-nute' or ml-nute'), a. Slender, small ; of little conse- quence; trifling; particular; cir- cumstantial. [56-5.] [192-11.] Min-ute-Book (mln'nit x b6&k), 71. A book for short notes. Min-ute-Gux (min'nit^gun), n. A gun discharged every minute. Mix-ute-Haxd (min'nit'hand), n. The hand that points to the minute on a clock. *Mix-ute-ly (min'nitle), ad. Ev- ery minute. Mi-xute-ly (me-nute'le), ad. Exactly, to a small point. Mi-xute-xess (me-nute'n§s), n. Smallness; exactness. *Mi-xu-ti-^e (me-nu'she^e), n. pi. The smallest particulars. Mixx (mingks), n. A pert, wanton girl ; a female puppy. Mixx'es, n. pi. Mi-O-CEXE (mi'6'se^n), a. In Ge- ology, relating to the second division of the tertiary strata. Mir-a-cle (mir'a^kl), n. A wonder, something above human power ; prodigy. [50-18.] Mi-rac-u-lous (me-rak'u. v lus), a. Done by miracle ; wonderful. [57-24.] [343-11.] Mi-rac-u-lous-ly (rne-rak'u^lus- le), ad. By miracle. MIS MIS n5r, n&t — tube, tub, Mil — 611 — p6und — th\r\, this. MIS Mi-RAC-u-LOus-NESs(me-rak'u v lus- nes), n. Superiority to natural power. Mir-a-dor ( r mlr-a-ddr'), n. A balcony. *Mi-rage (me-razh'), n. An opti- cal delusion, presenting the ap- pearance of water. Mire, ». Mud, dirt: — v. t., to soil with mud : — v. i., to sink in mud. Mi' ring, p. prs. *Mi-ri-ness (mi'reWs), n. State of being miry. *Mir-ror (mir'rur), n. A looking- glass: — v. t., to exhibit as by a mirror. Mirth (mer^/i), n. Merriment, fun, jollity, glee, gayety. Mirth-ful (mer^'ful), a. Merry, gay, joyous. Mirth-ful-ly (m&rtk'f&Vik), ad. Merrily, gayly. Mirth-ful-ness (mer^'ful N nes), n. State of mirth. Mirth-less (rner^'les), a. Having no mirth, joyless. Mi-ry (mi're), a. [mirier — mtri- est.] Full of mire. Mis-ac-cep-ta-tion ( v mis-ak-sep- ta'sh&n), n. Misunderstanding. Mis-ad-ven-ture ( v mis-ad-ven'- tshur), n. Mischance, ill luck. Mis-al-lege ( v mis-al-lej'), v. t. To state erroneously. n Mis-al-leg'ing, p. prs. Mis-al-li-ance ( v mis-al-li'anse),n. An improper association. Mis-an-thrope (m1s'anVAr6pe), Mis-AN-THR0-PiST(niis-an^Ar6 x pist) n. A hater of mankind. Mis-an-throp-ic ( x inls-an-£ftr6p'- ik), a. Misanthropical. Mis-an-throp-i-cal ( x mis-an- f/*r6p'e x kal), a. Having a hatred to mankind. *Mis-AN-THR0-PY(mls-an'^r6 x pe), n. Hatred of mankind. [354-8.] Mis-ap-pli-ca-tion ( N inis-ap-ple- ca'shun), n. Application to a wrong purpose. Mis-ap-ply ( N mis-ap-pll'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, misapplies.] To use in a wrong sense ; to apply to a wrong purpose. "Mis-ap-pli'ed, p. prf. Mis-ap-pre-hend ( x mis-ap-pre- hend'), v. t. Not to understand. Mis-AP-PRE-HEN-siON( x mis-ap-pre- hen'shun), n. Mistake, miscon- ception. Mis-be-come ( v mls-be-kum'), v. t. [misbecame — misbecome.] To be unseemly ; not to suit. x Mis-be-com'ing, p. prs. Mis-be-have ( N inis-be-have'), v. i. To act improperly : — see ingra- ^Mis-be-ha'ving, p. prs. [tiate. Mis-be-hav-ior ( x mls-be-have'- yur), n. Ill conduct, bad practice. *Mis-be-lief ( v mis-be-leef ), n. A wrong belief. Mis-CAL-cu-LATK(mis-kal'ku v late) v. t. To reckon wrong. Mis-cal'cu v la-ting, p. pis. Mis-cal-cu-la-tiox (rnis N kal-ku- la'shun), n. A wrong calculation. *Mis-call (mls-kawl'), v. t. To name improperly. Mis-car-riage (rnis-kar'rlje), n. Failure ; ill conduct. Mis-car-ry (mis-kar're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, miscarries.] To fail; not to have the intended effect. Mis-car'ri-ed, p. prf. *Mis-cel-la-ne-ous ( x mis-sel-la r - ne N us), a. Mingled, composed of various kinds, diversified. f *Mis-cel-la-ny (mis'sel v len-e), n. A mass or collection of various kinds of composition, a mixture. Mis'cel n la-nies, n. pi. Mis-chance (mis-tshanse'), n. HI luck, ill fortune, disaster. Mis-charge (mis-tsharj'), n. A mistake in charging: — v. t. t to charge erroneously. Mis-char'ging, p. prs. *Mis-chief (mis'tshif), n. Harm, hurt, damage; vexatious affair: — v. t. y to hurt, harm, or injure. *Mis-chie-vous (mls'tsheVus), a. Harmful, malicious. Mis-chie-vous-ly (mis'tsheVus- le), ad. Hurtfully, wickedly. Mis-cHiE-vous-NEss(mis'tsheVus- nes), n. Hurtfulness, wickedness. Mis-choose (mis-tsh6oze'), v. t. To make a wrong choice. Mis-choos'ing, p. prs. Mis-ci-ta-tion fniis-si-ta/shun), n. Unfair or false quotation. Mis-cite (mis-site'), v. t. To quote falsely. *Mis-ci'ting, p. prs. Mis-claim (mis-klame'), n. Mis- taken claim. Mis-coM-PU-TA-TiONfmis-kom-pii- ta'shun), n. A false reckoning. Mis-C0M-PUTE( N mis-k6m-pute').y.£. To compute erroneously. x Mis-com-pu'ting, p. prs. *Mis-con-ceit ( v uiis-k6n-seet'), n. Misconception. Mis-con-ceive ( N mis-k6n-seev'), v. t. To misapprehend; to con- ceive wrong. ^Mis-con-ceiv'ing, p. prs. Mis-con-cep-tion ( v mis-k6n-sep'- shun), n. A wrong notion. Mis-con-duct (mis-k6n'dukt), n. Ill behavior, ill management. Mis-con-ject-ure ( > mis-k6n-jek / - tshur), n. A wrong conjecture: — v. i. y to make a wrong con- jecture: — v. t., to guess wrong. v Mis-con-jec'tu n ring, p. prs. Mis-con-struc-tion ( x inis-k6n- struk'shun), n. Wrong inter- pretation. *Mis-con-strue ( N mis-k6n-str66'), v. t. To interpret wrong, VMlS-CON-STRU'lNG, p. 2> rs ' Mis-count (mis-kdunf), v. t. or v. i. To count erroneously : — n., an erroneous reckoning. *Mis-cre-ant (mls'kre^ant), n. One who holds a false faith ; a vile wretch ; an infidel. Mis-date (mis-date'), v. t. To date erroneously. 327 MIS Fate, far, MIS [\ f fat — me, met — pine, pin- MIS -n6, more, Mis-da'ting, p. prs. Mis-deed (mis-deed'), n. Evil action,misconduct, transgression. Mis-deem (mis-deem'), v. t. To judge ill of; to mistake. Mis-de-mean ( v mls-de-me Mix-ture (mlks'tshur), j n ' The act of mixing; compound; union; a mingled mass. *Miz-zen (mlz'zn), rc. The hind- most sail of a ship. Miz-zen-Mast (mlz'zn v mast), n. The mast nearest the stern. Miz-zle. See misle. Mne-mon-ic (ne-m&n'lk),a. Assist- ing the memory. #Mne-mon-ics (ne-m&nlks), n. pi. The art of improving the memory. 330 Moan (m6ne), v. t. To lament: — v. i., to grieve [76-20] : — n., audible sorrow, lamentation. Moan-ful (mdne'ful), a. Express- ing sorrow, lamentation. *Moat (mdte), n. A canal or ditch round a house for defense : — v. t., to surround with a moat. M6b, n. A crowd; a tumultuous rout ; a kind of head-dress : — v. t., to harass or overbear by a crowd. Mob'bing, p. prs. *Mob'bed, p. prf. *Mo-bile (m6-beel', m&'beel, or m6bll), n.The populace, the mob. *Mo-bil-i-ty (m6-birie v te),?i. Nim- bleness, activity ; the populace. *Moc-ca-sin (mok'ka^sin), n. An Indian shoe; a serpent: — some- times written moccason. Mock (m6k), v. t. To deride ; to treat with scorn; to mimic; to elude [58-23] : — v. i., to make contemptuous sport: — n., act of contempt, sneer; mimicry: — a., not real; counterfeit. Mock-er (mok'kur), n. One who mocks. Mock-er-y (m6k'kur x re), n. De- rision, sportive insult; ridicule. [144-15.] [270-20.] Mock'er v ies, n. pi. Mock-ing-Bird (m&k'king^burd), n. A bird which imitates or mocks others. Mo-dal (m6'dal), a. Relating to the form or mode. *Mo-dal-i-ty (m6-dal'le x te), n. The quality of having a mode. M6de, n. Form, manner; fashion; mood. [251-21.] Mod-el (m&d'el), n. A represen- tation ; a copy ; a mould [67] : — v. t., to plan; to shape; to mould. Mod'elW, } *Mod'el n ling, I &" * Mod'el-ed, I /. *Mod'ell-ed, J P'PV* Mod-el-er ) , 41/S1 \ 12 x •lOHHB I ( m6dW M, »• A contriver; a planner. Mod-er-ate (m6d'eYit), a. Tem- perate, not excessive; reason- able; mild. Mod-er-ate (m6d'eVate), v. t. To regulate; to make temperate; to mitigate; to restrain: — v. ?., to preside over; to grow moderate. Mod'er v a-ting, p. prs. Mod-er-ate-ly (m6d'er v it-le), ad. Temperately, mildly. MoD-ER-A-TiONfni&d-er-a'shun),n. Forbearance ; calmness ; fru- gality. [151-10.] *Mod-er-a-tor ( x rn6d-er-a'tur), n. One who presides in a debate. Mod-ern (m6d'urn), a. Late, re- cent, fresh, new. [26-18.] [226.] 70t* Ancient History termi- nates at the dissolution of the Western Empire, a.d. 476 ; Modern History begins at the discovery of America, a.d. 1492; the intervening times are termed the Middle Ages. Mod-erns (mod'urnz), n. pi. Those who have lived lately, as opposed to the ancients. Mod-ern-ism (mSd'urnlzm), n. A modern practice or phrase. Mod-ern-ize (in6d'urn x ize), v. t. To adapt ancient compositions to modern persons or things.f *Mod'ernVzing, p. prs. Mod-est (m6d'est), a. Not for- ward; chaste; bashful, diffident. Mod-est-ly (mod^stHe), ad. Nut impudently; chastely. Mod-est-y (mod'e^e), n. De- cency, chastity, purity. Mod'est x ies, ii. pi. *Mod-i-cum (m6d'e N kum), n. A small portion, pittance. Mod-i-fi-a-ble (m6d'e v fi-a v bl), a. Capable of being modified. Mod-i-fi-ca-tion ( x mod-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. The act of modifying; form or manner. [146-17.] MOL MON nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, this. MON Mod-i-fy (m&d'e v fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, modifies.] To change the form; to vary; to shape, f *ModVfi-ed, p. prf. *Mo-dill-ion (m6-dil'yun), n. A little bracket; an ornament in columns. Mo-dish (m&'dish), a. Fashionable. Mo-dish-ness (m6'dish v nSs), n. Affectation of the fashion. Mod-u-late (m6d'yu N late), v. t. To form sound to a certain key or note; to vary sounds. ModVla-ting, p. prs. Mod-u-la-tion ( N mod-yu-la'shun), n. Sound modulated; agreeable harmony; inflection. #Mod-ule (m&d'yu-le), n. A model. Mo-gul (mo-gul'), n. The former title of the Emperor of the Moguls. *Mo-hair (m6'hare), n. Thread, or stuff made of hair. *Mo-ham-med-an (ni6-hani'med- v an), a. Pertaining to Mo- hammed : — n., a follower of Mo- hammed or Mahomet. Mo-ham-med-an-ism (mft-hain'- m^d v an-izm), n. The religion of Mohammed or Mahomet. *Moi-dore (xnoe'dor or m6e-ddr'), n. A Portuguese gold coin, val- ued at about six dollars. *Moi-e-ty (m6e'e v te), n. Half, one of two equal parts. *Moi'e x ties, n. pi. M6il, v. t. To daub with dirt :— v. i., to drudge. Moist, a. Damp, slightly wet. *Moist-en (mde'sn), v. t. To wet moderately ; to make damp. MoiST-NESs(m6ist , nes)w.Dampness. Moist-ure (mdis'tshur), n. Small quantity of liquid ; dampness. Mo-lar (m6'ldr), n. A grinding tooth: — a., having power to grind. *Mo-las-ses (md-las'siz), n. The scum or spume of the juice of the sugar-cane ; treacle : — sometimes written melasses. Mold. See mould. Mole, n. A natural spot on the body; a small animal; a mound. Mo-lec-u-lar (m6-le : k'ular), a. Consisting of molecules. *Mol-e-cule (m61'e'kule), n. A small part of any thing ; a mi- nute element. Mole-hill (m61e'hil), n. Hillock thrown up by a mole. Mo-lest (mo-lesf), v. t. To dis- turb; to trouble; to vex; to annoy. Mol-est-a-tion (^mSl-est-a/shun), n. Disturbance, vexation. *Moll-ient (mol'yent), a. Soft- ening, easing : — usually written emollient. *MOL-LI-FI-A-BLE (m6l'l^f 1-3,^1), a. Capable of being softened. Mol-li-fy (mSl'le N fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, mollifies.] To soften; to assuage ; to quiet. Mol'li n fi-ed, p. prf. Molt. See moult. Molt-en (molten), n. Melted. *MoL-YB-DE-NUM( x m61-lb-de / num), n. A white, brittle metal. Mo-ment (m6'ment), n. Import- ance ; value ; an indivisible par- ticle of time. j^Sif* Moment and instant are both names given to the short- est imaginable divisions of time; but instant describes time present; whereas moment may describe time past or future. Mo-MENT-A-Ri-LY(m6'ment > a-re > le) ad. Every moment. *Mo-ment-a-ry (md'mentfa-re), a. Lasting for a moment, done in a moment. *Mo-ment-ous (m6-me ; nt'us), a. Important, weighty. [64-7.] Mo-men-tum (m6-rneVtum), ». The force of a moving body. Mo-men'ta, n. pi. *Mon-a-chal (m6n'a x kal), a. Mo- nastic, relating to monks or to a monastic life. *Mon-a-chism (m6n'a x klzm), n. The monastic life. Mon-ad (mon'ad), n. An indivis- ible atom; a primary cell or germ ; one of the smallest of mi- croscopic animalcules. Mo-nad-ic (md-nad'ik), a. Having the nature of monads. Mon-arch (m&n'ark), n. A king; a sole ruler. Mo-narch-al (m6-nark'al), a. Regal, monarchic. Mo-narch-ic (m6-nark'ik), } Mo-narch-i-cal (ni6-nark'e v kal) J a. Vested in a single ruler. MoN-ARCH-iST(mon'arklst), n. An advocate of monarchy. Mon-arch-ism (m6n'ark x izm), n. A preference for monarchy. -Mon-arch-ize (mon'arklze), v. i. To play the king. Mon'archVzing, p. prs. Mon-arch-y (ni6n'ark v e), n. The government of a single person ; kingdom, empire. Mon'arch\ies, n. pi. MoN-AS-TE-Ri-AL( v m6n-as-te're > al) a. Relating to a monastery. Mon-as-ter-y (ni6n'as x te ! r-re), n, A house of religious retirement for monks. *Mon'as v ter-ies, n. pi. Mo-nas-tic (mo-nas'tik), ) Mo-nas-ti-cal (md-nas'te^kal), J a. Religiously recluse. Mo-NAs-Ti-ciSM(mo-nas / te v slzm),n. Monastic life. Mon-day (mun'de), n. The second day of the week. *Mon-e-t a-ry ( m6n'e x ta-reorinun / - ne v ta-re), a. Pertaining to money. Mon-ey (rnun'ne), n. Coin ; bank- notes exchangeable for coin. *Mon'eys, n. pi. Mon-ey-Bro-ker (mun'ne v br6- kur), n. A changer of money. *Mon-ey-ed (mun'nld), a. Rich in money. Mon-ey-less (mun'neles), a.With- out money. 331 MON MON Fate, far, fS.ll, fat— me, met— pine, pin— n6. move, MOO *Mon-ey's- Worth (mun'nez- x wur£&), ». The worth of a thing in money. Mong-er (mung'gur), n. A dealer. Mon-grel (mung'grll), a. Of a mixed breed : — n., an animal of a mixed breed. Mo-ni-tion (m6-nlsh'un), n. Ad monition, hint, warning. Mon-i-tive (in6n'e N tiv), a. Convey, ing admonition : instructive. *Mon-i-tor (m&n'e v tur), n. One who warns of faults or informs of duty. *Mon-i-to-ri-al ( x m6n-e-t6're v al), a. Containing admonition. Mon-i-tor-y (m6n'e x tur-re), a. Giving admonition [139-22] :— n. f caution, warning. Mon'i x tor-ies, n. pi. Monk (mungk), n. One of a re- ligious community bound by vows to certain observances. Monk-er-y (mungk'urVe), n. Mo- nastic life and condition. Monk-ey (mungk'e), n. An ani- mal bearing some resemblance to man ; a word of contempt. Monk-hood (mungk'htld), n. The state of a monk. Monk-ish (mungk'lsh), a. Per- taining to monks. *Mon-o-chord (m&nWkflrd), n. An instrument of one string. *Mo-noc-u-lar (m6-n6k'u x lar), I Mo-noc-u-lous (m6-n6k'ulus), J a. One-eyed. Mon-o-dist (m6n'6'dist), n. A writer of monodies. Mon-o-dy (m6n'd x de), n. A poem sung by one person ; a, lament. *'MonVdies, n. pi. Mo-NOG-A-MiST(m6-n6g / a > mlst), n. One who disallows second mar- riages. *Mo-nog-a-my (m6-n&g'a y me), n. Marriage of one wife. Mon-o-gram (m&n'6 v gram), n. A cipher or character used on seats. m6n-u-ment'al), a. Memorial, preserving memory. M&6d, n. The form of an argu- ment; style of music; state of mind, temper, humor, disposi- tion ; an inflection of a verb. Mood-i-ly (m66d'e x le), ad. Sadly, peevishly. Mood-y (m66d'e), a. [moodier — moodiest.] Out of humor, peevish, gloomy. M66n, n. A satellite ; a month. Moon-beam (ui&6n'beem), n. A ray of lunar light. MooN-EY-ED(m66n'lde), a. Dim- eyed, purblind. MOP MOR n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. MOR Moon-less (m66n'l£s), a. Not en- lightened by the moon ; without a moon. Moon-light (in&6n'lite), ji. The light afforded by the moon: — a., illuminated by the moon. Moon-shine (nioon'shine), n. The lustre of the moon ; moonlight ; nonsense. Moon-struck (mSSn'strilk), a. Lu- natic, affected by the moon. Moon-y (mo6n'e), a. Having a crescent; lunated. M66r, n. A marsh ; a fen ; a na- tive of Barbary : — v. t, to fasten by anchor or cable. [114-18.] Moor-age (tnodr'ij), n. A station for mooring. Moor-ings (rnd&rlngz), n. pi. An- chors, chains, «- { concre- tion; earth, soil; matrix, cast, form [159] [66-18] [300-12] :— v. t., to form ; to model ; to shape ; to knead [141-3] : — v. i, y to gather mould. Mold'ing, J p. prs. : — n. y orna- * Mould 'ing, J mental cavities in wood or stone. MOLD-A-BM l (lnM(mi) a . '"MOULD-A-BLE J v " Capable of being moulded. MOU MOV n6r, not— tube, tub, Mil— 611- -pdund — thin, this. MUD Mold-er ") (mold'ur), v. i. To *Mould-er J perish in dust; to crumble: — v. t., to turn to dust: — n., one who moulds. MOLD-I-NESS | (mMd , 4Hlfc) „. *Mould-i-ness j v ' The state of being mouldy. Mold-y j (m61d'e), a. [moldier Mould-y J or mouldier — moldi- est or mouldiest.] Overgrown or covered with mould. Molt } , Am . f To shed or ♦Moult) ( m61t) '* f -l change the feathers or hair. M6und, n. Any thing raised to for- tify or defend [155-18] :— v. t., to fortify with a mound. M6unt, n. A mountain ; an arti- ficial hill : — v. i., to rise on high; to get on horseback : — v. t., to raise aloft; to climb; to ascend; to place on horseback; to embel- lish with ornaments. Mount-ain (m6unt/in), n. A very large hill, a mount : — appertain- ing to a mountain. *Mount-ain-eer ( > m6unt-ln-e6r / ), n. An inhabitant of mountains. *Mount-ain-ous (m6unt / ln x us), a. Hilly, full of mountains. Mount-e-bank (mdunt'e N bangk),n. A quack doctor; any boastful pretender. Mount-er (m6unt'ur), n. One who mounts. Mourn (m6rn), v. i. To grieve; to be sorrowful: — v. t., to grieve for; to lament. Mourn'ing, p. prs. : — n. f lamenta- tion, sorrow; the dress of sorrow. Mourn-er (m6rn'ur), n. One who mourns. Mourn-ful (m6rn'ful), a. Sorrow- ful, expressive of grief, sad. Mourn-ful-ly (nidrn'furie), ad. Sorrowfully. Mourn-ful-ness (m6rn'fuPn£s),7?. Sorrow, appearance of sorrow. M6use, n. [pi. mice.] A little animal. Mouse (m6uze), v. i. To catch mice. Mous-ing (niMz'mg), p. prs. -Mous-er (lndiiz'ur), n. One that hunts mice. Mouse-trap (m6use'trap), n. A snare for taking mice. Mous-tache (mdos-tash'), n. See mustache. Mouth (md&th), n. The aperture in the head at which the food is received; an opening, entrance; the part of a river through which its waters are emptied. Mouths (iuMthz), n. pi. Mouth (iuMth), v. t. To utter with a voice affectedly big ; to chew : — v.i., to vociferate, to rant. Mouth-ful (mM^'ful), n. That which the mouth contains at once; a small quantity. Mouth'fuls, n. pi. Mouth-less (mM^'l^s), a. With- out a mouth. *Mouth-piece (m6ui/i/pe&se), n. Part of an instrument for the mouth ; one who speaks for another. Mov-a-ble (m66v'a v bl), a. Capable of being moved, not fixed. *Mov' ambles, n. pi. Furniture, goods, &c. Move (md6v), v. t. To change place; to give an impulse to; to propose; to affect; to excite to action ; to make angry : — v. i., to change place; to walk; to propose : — n., movement. Mov'ing, p. prs. : — a., pathetic, touching, affecting. Move-ment (mSdv'mllnt), n. Mo- tion; disturbance, excitement. Mov-er (mddv'ur),™. The person or thing that moves ; a proposer. Mov-ing-ly (m66v'ing x le), ad. Pa- thetically, with feeling. *MoAv(mM),». A heap of hay or corn in a barn : — v. t., to put in a mow. *Mow (m6), v. t. orv. i. [mowed — mowed or mown.] To cut with a scythe; to level; to cut down. Mow-burn (mM'burn), v. i. To ferment in the mow. Mow-er (mo'ur), n. One who mows. Much (miitsh), a. [more — most.] Large in quantity; long in du- ration : — see lesser : — ad., in a great degree; often; long: — n., a great deal ; abundance. *Mu-cid (mu'sld), a. Slimy, musty. *Mu-ci-lage (mu'seHij), n. A slimy or viscous mass. *\Mu-ci-lag-i-nous fmu-se-lajln- ^iis), a. Slimy, viscous; pertain- ing to mucilage. Muck (muk), n. Any thing low or filthy ; prepared compost, ma- nure : — v. t., to manure. Muck-i-ness (muk'eWs), n. Nas- tiness, filth. Muck-worm (muk'wurm), n. A worm that lives in muck; a miser. Muck-y (inuk'ke), a. [muckier — muckiest.] Nasty, filthy. *Mu-cous (mu'kus), a. Slimy, viscous ; seated in mucus, as a mucous disease. Mu-cous-ness (nm'kus r ne ; s), n. Slime, viscosity. Mu-cro-na-ted (mu'k^na-tSd), a. Narrowed to a point. *Mu-cu-LENT(mu'ku > l^nt),a. Moist and slimy ; viscous. *Mu-cus (mu'kus), n. Any viscous or slimy fluid ; an animal slime secreted by mucous membranes. Mu'CUS X ES, 11. pi. Mud, n. The slime at the bottom of still water ; earth well moist- ened with water : — v. t., to bury in mud ; to pollute with dirt. Mud'ding, p. prs. *Mud'ded, p. prf. Mud-di-ly (nmd'deHe), ad. With foul mixture. Mud-di-ness (mud'de v n^s), n. Tur- bidness, foulness caused by mud. Mud-dle (mud'dl), v. t. To make turbid ; to make half drunk : to stupefy : — n., a confused or tur- bid state. 335 MUL MUL Fate, far, fill, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n&, move, MUM Mud'dling, p. prs. Mud-dy (rn&d'de), a. [muddier — muddiest.] Turbid, foul, im- pure : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, muddies], to make muddy; to cloud; to make foul. *Mud'di-ed, p. prf. Mue. See mew. *Mu-ez-zin (mu-eVzin), ft. A Mo- hammedan officer who calls the people to prayers. Muff, n. A soft cover for the hands. *Muf-fin (muffin), n. A kind of light cake. Muf-fle (muf fl), v. t. To blind- fold ; to conceal ; to cover : — ft., a chemical vessel. Muf'fling, p. prs. Muf-fler (muf'flur), n. A cover for the face or neck. *Muf-ti (muf'te), n. The high- priest of the Mohammedans. Mug, n. A cup. Mug-gish (mug'gish), a. Muggy. *Mug-gy (niug'ge), a. [muggier — muggiest.] Moist, close. Mu-lat-to (mu-lat't6), n. The child of a white person and a negro. *Mu-lat'toes, n. pi. Mul-ber-ry (mul'beVre), n. A tree and its fruit. *Mul'ber x ries, ft. pi. Mulch (multsh), n. Half-decayed leaves, straw, &c. : — v. t., to cover with mulch. Mulch'es, n. pi. B>ndprs. t. 3. Mulct (mulkt), v. t. [mulcted or MULCT MULCTED Or MULCT.] To punish with a fine : — ft., a fine ; a pecuniary penalty. *Mulct-u-a-ry (mulkt'u y a-re), a Imposing a mulct. Mule, n. Any hybrid animal; a mongrel plant; a cotton-spin ning machine. -Mu-let-eer fmu-le't-eer), ft. A mule-driver. Mul-ish (mul'lsh), a. Like a mule, sullen, obstinate. 336 Mull, v. t. To heat and sweeten any liquor to reduce the spirit of: — n., a kind of muslin. *Mul-len ) , s im x f A M U L-LEi N }( m,lllm )' re -l plant. Mul-ler (mul'lur), n. A stone for grinding colors. Mul-let (mui'lit), ft. A sea-fish. Mull-ion (muTyun), n. An up- right post in a window-frame. Mulse, ft. Wine boiled and min- gled with honey. MuLT-AN-GU-LAR(mult-ang'gu > lar) a. Many-cornered. Mul-ti-fa-ri-ous fmul-te-fa/re- v us), a. Having great varietj'- or multiplicity; manifold. [236-2.] Mul-ti-fa-ri-ous-ly ( N rnul-te-fa/- re N us-le), ad. In various ways. Mul-ti-fold (mul'teYold), a. Di- versified, many times doubled. Mul-ti-form (mul r teY6rm), a. Having various shapes or ap- pearances. Mul-ti-form-i-ty pmul-te-f6rm'e- He), ft. Diversity of shapes or appearances. *MUL-TI-LAT-ER-AL fmul-te-l&t'- er x al), a. Having many sides. Mul-tip-ar-tite (uml-tip'ar v tite), a. Divided into many parts. Mul-ti-ple (mul'te v pl), n. A number which contains another an even number of times. MuL-Ti-PLi-A-BLE(mul'te v pli-a > bl), a. Capable of being multiplied. Mul-ti-pli-cand ( x mul-te-ple- kandOjft.Number to be multiplied. MuL-Ti-PLi-CATE(mul'te-ple v kit),a. Consisting of more than one. Mul-ti-pli-ca-tion ( v mul-te-ple- ka'shun), n. The act of multiply- ing ; state of being multiplied. Mul-ti-pli-ca-tive (nml'te-ple- x ka-tiv), a. Noting those adjec- tives which are used to express multiples ; as, sextuple. *Mul-ti-pli-ca-tor ('mul-te-ple- ka-tur), ft. A number by which another is multiplied. *Mul-ti-plic-i-ty fmul-te-plls'- se x te), ft. The state of being many. [239-9.] *Mul-ti-pli-er (muTte v pli-ur), n. One who or that which multiplies. Mul-ti-ply (mul'te v pli), v. t [prs. t. 3, multiplies.] To increase in number ; to increase a number as many times as there are units in another number: — v. i. t to grow in number or extent. Mul'tiVli-ed, p. prf. *MuL-Tis-o-NOus(mul-tis'6 r nus),a. Having many sounds. Mul-tntude (murte'tude), n. A great number ; a crowd, a throng ; the populace. *Mul-ti-tu-di-na-ry pmul-te-tu'- de^na-re), a. Multitudinous. Mul-ti-tu-di-nous (^nul-te-tu'd^- v nus), a. Manifold, numerous. Mul-ti-valve (mul'teValv), a. Having many valves. *MuLT-oc-u-LAR(mult-6k / uHar),a. Having more than two eyes. Mult-ure (rnult'yiir), n. Act of grinding ; toll paid for grinding. *Mum, in. Silence! hush!: — n. f ale brewed with wheat. Mum-ble (mum'bl), v. i. or v. t. To speak inwardly; to mutter; to chew with the lips close. Mum'bling, p. prs. MuM-BLER(muin / blur)n.Amutterer. *Mumm, v. t. To frolic in disguise. Mum-mer (mum'mur), n. One who masks; a jester. -Mum-mer-y (mum'murVe), w. Masking, frolic in masks ; folly. Mum'mer x ies, n. pi. MuM-Mi-Fi-cA-TiON( N mum-me-fe-ka' shun),ft.The making of mummies. Mum-mi-fy (mum'me^fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, mummifies.] To make a mummy of; to embalm. Mum'mi x fi-ed, p. prf. MuM-MY(mum / me),ft. A dead body preserved by embalming; akind of wax used in planting and grafting. *Mum'mies, n. pi. MUR MUS nSr, not — tribe, tub, bull — 611 — pdund — thin, THis. MUS Mump, v. t. To nibble; to beg. MuMP-ER(mump'dr),n. A beggar. Mtbip'isHja. Sullen,cross,obstinate. Mumps, n.pl. Sullenness; a disease. Munch (munsh), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, munches.] To chew eagerly and with noise. Mun'dane a.Belonging to the world. MuN-Di-Fi-cA-TioN( x mun-de-fe-ka / - shun), n. The act of cleansing. Mu-xic-i-pal (nm-nls'se^pal), a. Belonging to a corporation or municipality; civic; corporate. *Mu-nic-i-pal-i-ty ( x mu-nis-se- pal'le x t&), ». A district or city and its government; the inhab- itants of a city. ^Mu-Nic-i-PAL'rriES, n. pi. *Mu-nif-i-cence (mu-niWsense), n. Liberality, the act of giving; generosity. [182-17.] Mu-nif-i-cent (mu-nif^sent), a. Liberal, generous, bountiful. Mu-nif-i-cent-ly (mu-nif e^nt- le), ad. Liberally, generously. *Mu-ni-ment (mu'ne v nie : nt), n. A fortification for defense, a strong- hold ; a deed ; a charter. Mu-ni-tion (mu-nlsh'un), n. Forti- fication, strong-hold; materials used in war, ammunition. Mu'ral, a. Pertaining to a wall. Mur-der (muYdur), n. The act of killing unlawfully and with mal- ice aforethought : — v. t., to kill a human being with premeditated malice : — v. i., to kill. Mur-der-er (muYdur^ur), n. One guilty of murder. Mur-der-ess (mur'dur^s), n. A woman that commits murder. Mur'der x ess-es, n. pi. *Mur-der-ous (mur'd&Yus), a. Gruilty of murder ; bloody ; com- mitting murder. Mur-der-ous-ly (mur'dur v us-le), ad. In a murderous manner. *Mu-ri-ate (rmVre^it), n. A salt of muriatic acid and a base : — table-salt is a muriate of soda. w Mu-Ri-A-TED(nm're y a-t6d), a. Com- bined with muriatic acid. Mu-ri-at-ic (^nu-re-atlk), a. Par- taking of the nature of brine. Murk, n. Darkness. Murk-i-ly (murk'e^), ad. Ob- scurely, gloomily. Murk-y (niurk'e), a. [murkier — murkiest.] Dark,cloudy, gloomy. [365-28.] Mur'mur,?i. Alow,continuedsound; acomplaint half suppressed[73-6] : — v. i.> to give a low sound ; to grumble ; to purl. *Mur-mur-er (mur'mur y ur), n. One who repines; a grumbler. *Mur-rain (mur'rln), n. An in- fectious disease in cattle. -Mus-cle (mus'sl), n. The fleshy fibrous part of an animal body ; a shell-fish. -Mus-co-va-do fmus-kd-va'd6),n. Unrefined sugar. Mus-cu-lar (mus'kuHar), a. Per- formed by muscles; possessing strong or large muscles. [380-14.] Mus-cu-LAR-i-TY( v mus-kii-lar / e N t6) n. The state of being muscular. *Mus-cu-lous (mus'kuMs), a. Full of muscles ; brawny. Muse (muze), n. Deep thought; the power of poetry ; one of the nine goddesses who presided over the liberal arts [112-25] :— v. i., to ponder; to study in silence; to meditate : — v. t., to think on. Mu'sing, p. prs. [164-7.] Muse-ful (inuze'ful), a. Silently thoughtful. Mu-se-um (mu-ze'um), n. A re- pository of curiosities. Mu-se'a, I , *Mu-se'ums, j ' r ' Mush, n. Food made of the flour of maize boiled in water. Mush-room (nmsh'ro6m), n. A spongy plant; an upstart. Mu-sic (mu'zik), n. The science of harmonical sounds; melody; harmony. 29 Mu-si-cal (mu'ze N kal), a. Har- monious, pleasing to the ear. Mu-si-cal-ly (mu'z^kal-le), ad. Harmoniously. Mu-si-cian (mu-zish'un), n. One versed in music ; a performer on a musical instrument. Musk, n. A powerful perfume ; the animal producing musk : — v. L, to perfume with musk. Mus-ket (mus'klt), n. A kind of fire-arms. *Mus-ke-teer ( N mu8-k£-t6er'), n. A soldier who carries a musket. *Mus-ke-toon ( v mus-ke-t6dn ; ), n. A blunderbuss. Mus-ket-ry (mus'kitVe), n. Mus- kets collectively. Musk-i-ness (musk'e^nes), «. The scent of musk. *Musk-mel-on (musk'meTlun), n, A fragrant melon. Musk-rat (musk'rat), } n. An - i,i Mus-QUASH(mus , kw6sh) j Ameri- can animal valued for its fur. Mus'quash^es, n. pi. Musk-y (musk'e), a. [muskier — muskiest.] Fragrant. Mus-LiN(muz / lln)n.Afine stuffmade of cotton : — a., made of muslin. Mus-lin-et ( v muz-lin-et'), n. A cotton stuff. Mus-qui-to. See mosquito. Mus-rol j (muz r r61e), n. The *Mus-role J noseband of a bridle, Mus-sel. See muscle. Mus-sul-man (mus'sul v man), n. A Mohammedan believer. *Mus'sul x mans, n. pi. Mus-sul-man-ish (mus'sdrman- ish), a. Mohammedan. Must, v. i. [must — defective.'] [See under have.] To be obliged : — n., new wine, new wort : — v. »., to grow mouldy. Some grammarians con- tend that must is used only in the present tense ; others main- tain that it has both a present and a past signification 337 MUT MYR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, MYT Mus-TACHE(mus-tash'ormus-taslr') n. Hair grown on the upper lip of man : — sometimes written mus tachio : — the plural is often used instead of the singular. Mus-tang (mus'tang), n. A small, hardy horse. Mus-tard (mus'turd), n. A plant. Mus-ter (mus'tur), v. i. To as- semble : — v. t. y to review forces ; to bring together [148-7]: — n., a review ; a register. Mus-ti-ness (mus'te^nes), n. Damp foulness, mould. Must-y (must'e), a. [mustier — mustiest.] Mouldy, spoiled with damp or age. *Mu-ta-bil-i-ty ('mu-ta-bil'leHe), Mu-ta-ble-ness (nm'taNbl-nes), n. Inconstancy ; changeable- ness. [39.] Mu-ta-ble (mu'ta^bl), a. Subject to change, alterable, inconstant. Mu-ta-tion (mu-ta'shun), n. Al- teration, change. Mute, a. Silent, not vocal ; dumb [94-39] : — n., one who has no power of speech ; a letter which can make no sound. Mute-ly (mute'le), ad. Silently. Mute-ness (mute'nes), n. Silence. Mu-til-ate (mu'tirate), v. t. To deprive of some essential part ; to deform ; to mangle. Mu'til n a-ting, p. prs. Mu-ti-la-tion ( N mu-te-la'shun), n. Deprivation of a limb or of any essential part. Mu-ti-la-tor (niu'te v la-tur), n. One who mutilates. Mu-tin-eer ( N mu-tin-eer'), n. A mover of sedition. -'•jVIu-tin-ous (mii'tin^us), a. Se- ditious, exciting mutiny. [156-3.] Mu-ti-ny (inu'te x ne), v. i. To rise against military or naval author- ity ; to make insurrection : — n., insurrection, sedition. *Mu'tiVies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Mu'ti v ni-ed, p. prf. 338 Mut-ter (inut'tiir), v. i.orv. t. To murmur; to grumble. [153-3.] Mut-ter-er (mut/tur x ur), n. A grumbler, a murmurer. Mut-ton (mut'tn), n. The flesh of sheep; a sheep. Mut-ton-Chop (mut'tn^tsh&p), n A slice of mutton. Mtr-TU-AL (mu'tshu x al), a. Recip- rocal ; interchanged : — see re- ciprocal. [251-10.] Mu-tu-al-i-ty ( v mu-tshu-al'le x te), n. State of being mutual. Mu-tu-al-ly (mu'tshn x al-le), ad. Reciprocally, interchangeably. Muz-zle (muz'zl), n. The mouth of any thing ; a fastening for the mouth : — v. t. y to bind the mouth. Muz'zling, p. prs. Muz-zy (muz'ze), a. Bewildered ; half drunk. My (ml or me), pro. or a. Belong- ing to me : — a possessive form of I, used before the name of that which is possessed ; as, this is my house : — see her. ^0t* When my is emphatic, it is pronounced ml; when not emphatic, me. *Myn-heer (mine-heer' or mlne- heV), n. Sir; a cant phrase for a German. My-ol-o-gy (ml-6l'16 v je), n. De- scriptive anatomy of the muscles. *My-ope (mi'dpe), n. A near- sighted person. My-o-py (ml'6 v pe), n. Shortness of sight. *Myr-i-ad (mlr'e'ad), n. The number of ten thousand; any great number. [28-23.] [168-24.] *Myr-i-a-pod (mlr'e v a-pSd), n. An insect having many feet. *Myr-i-o-ra-ma ( v mlr-e-6-ra'ma), n. An optical machine present- ing many views. *Myr-mi-don (mir'meMun),w. Any rude ruffian ; a rough soldier. *Myrrh (mer), n. A kind of precious gum; an aromatic gum, *Myr-tle (iner'tl), n. A fragrant tree. My-self (me-self),pro. [pi. our- selves, and sometimes ourselp.] I or me, with emphasis. 70t* Myself is similar in use to herself. See herself and ourselves. Mys-te-ri-ous (mls-te're'us), a. Inaccessible to the understanding, obscure, secret. [62-14.] [348.] Mys-te-ri-ous-ly (mis-teWus- le), ad. In a secret manner, obscurely. *Mys-te-ri-ous-ness (mis-te're- Nis-nes), n. Obscurity,perplexity. MYS-TER-Y(mis / ter x re),n.Something above human intelligence; a pro- found secret ; an enigma ; skill in an art. [68-30.] [363-14.] '^Mys'ter^ies, n. pi. *Mys-tic (mis'tlk), *) a.Secret- Mys-ti-cal (mls'te^kal), j ly ob- scure ; emblematical. [182-11.] [140-1.] Mys-ti-cal-ly (mls'te N kal-le), ad. In a mystical manner. MYS-Ti-CAL-NESs(mis / te^kal-n§s),n. The quality of being mystical. *Mys-ti-cism (mis'te v sizm), n. Ob- scurity of doctrine. Mys-ti-fi-ca-tion fmis-te-fe-ka'- shtin), n. The act of rendering mysterious. Mys-ti-fy (mls'te^fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, mystifies.] To render obscure. Mys'tffi-ed, p. prf. *Myth (mlth), n. A fabulous story or being. Myth-ic (ml^'ik), a. Fabulous. M yth-o-log-i-c al ( s mlth-b-\bj 'e- x kal), a. Relating to mythology or fabulous history. My-thol-o-gist (mk-th6Y16 x jlst), n. A relater or expositor of the heathen ancient fables. My-thol-o-gy (me-^ol'lo^je), n. The fabulous history of the hea- then gods ; a system of fables. My-thol'o x gies, n. pi. NAM NAR nor, not — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pMnd — thin, this. NAT "VT (6n), n. The fourteenth letter -A- ^ and the tenth consonant is also a semi-vowel and a liquid. The name is written En, and the plural Ens. It is the usual con- traction of north, noun, and ni- trogen. N.B. stand for nota bene (mark well), and N.S. for New Style: — see under style. Nab, v. t. To catch unexpectedly ; to seize ; to knab. Nab'bing, p. prs. Nab'bed, p. prf. Na-bob. See nawab. Na-dir (na'dur), n. The point directly under our feet, opposite to the zenith. Nag, n. A small horse. *Na-iad (na'yad), n. In Mythology, a water-nymph. Na-iads (nd/yadz), ) 7 *Na-iad-es (na'yad^eez), J n ' ^' Nail (nale), n. The horny sub- stance at the ends of fingers and toes ; a claw ; a spike of metal ; 2£ inches in length; a boss: — v. t., to fasten or stud with nails. Nail-er (nale'iir), n. One who nails or makes nails. Nail-er-y (nale'ur v re), n. A nail- manufactory. Nail'er v ies, n. pi. *Na-ive (na'eve), a. Showing na- tive simplicity ; ingenuous. *Na-ive-te (na'eveHa), n. Native simplicity. Na-ked (na'k£d), a. Uncovered; evident; simple. Na-ked-ly (na'ked v le), ad. Sim- ply; openly; without covering. Na-ked-ness (na'kgd^nes), n. Want of covering, bareness. Name, n. An appellation; repu- tation; character; that by which a person or thing is called, title : — v. t., to give a name to; to style; to nominate; to specify. Na'ming, p. prs. Name-less (name'lls), a. Not distinguished by name, destitute of a name. Name-ly (name'le), ad. Specially, by name. Name-sake (naine'sake), n. One of the same name. *Nan-keen (nan-ke&n'), n. A kind of buff-colored, cotton cloth : — sometimes written nankin. Nap, n. Slumber, a short sleep ; down: — v.i.,to sleep,to be drowsy. Nap'ping, p. prs. *Nap'ped, p. prf. Nape, ft. The joint of the neck behind. *Naph-tha (nap^Aa), n. A kind of bitumen ; an inflammable bituminous fluid. Nap-kin (nap'kin), ft. A cloth used at the table to wipe the hands. Nap-less (nap'les), a. Wanting nap, threadbare. Nap-pi-ness (nap'peWs), ft. The quality of having a nap. Nap-py (nap'pe), a. [nappier — nappiest.] Frothy, spumy. *Nar-cis-sus (nar-sis'sus), n. A plant, the daffodil. *Nar-cis'si, J , Nar-cis'sus x es, J n ' P ' Nar-cot-ic (nar-k6t'ik), a. Pro- ducing torpor, drowsiness, or death : — n., a drug producing lethargy, stupor, or death. *Nar-co-tine (nar'k6 x tin), n. The narcotic principle of opium. Nard, ft. An odorous shrub ; spikenard. Nar-rate (nar'rate or nar-rate'), v. t. To relate ; to tell ; to give an account of. Nar'raVing, p. prs. Nar-ra-tion (nar-ra'shun), n. Ac- count, relation; the act of tell- ing the particulars of an event. [343-9.] Nar-ra-tive (nar'raHiv), a. Giving an account, relating: — ft., an ac- count ; recital of particulars. *Nar-ra-tor (nar-ra'tur), n. A relater.f Nar-row (nar'r6), a. Not broad or wide, contracted; close; not liberal: — v. t., to diminish with respect to breadth ; to contract : — v. i., to become less in breadth. Nar-row-ly (narWle), ad. Close- ly; nearly; hardly. Nar-row-ness (narWnes), n. Want of breadth ; confined state ; meanness. Nar-rows (nar'r6ze), w. pi. A narrow passage between islands or highlands. *Na-sal (na'zal), a. Belonging to, or proceeding from, the nose : — ft., a letter or sound uttered through the nose; as, m, n. *Nas-cent (nas'jsent), a. Begin- ning to grow. Nas-ty (nas'te), a. [nastier- nastiest.] Dirty, filthy. Nas-ti-ly (nas'te N le), ad. Dirtily, filthily, foully. Nas-ti-ness (nas'te x nes), n. Dirt, filth; obscenity. *Na-tal (na'tal), a. Relating to nativity. Na-tant (na'tant), a. Floating. Na-ta-tion (na-ta'shun), n. The act of swimming. *Na-ta-tor-y (na'ta N tur-re), a. Enabling to swim. Na-tion (na'shiin), n. A distinct people ; a body of people under one government. Na-tion-al (nash'un^al), a. Not private, general, public. *Na-tion-al-ism (nash'un x al-izm), ft. A national idiom. NA-TiON-AL-i-TY( x nash-un-al / leHe), ft. National character; the state of being national. n Na-tion-al'i v ties, ft. pi. Na-tion-al-ize (nash'un x al-ize), v. t. To make national. Na'tion v al-i n zing, p. prs. Na-tion-al-ly (nash'dn^al-le), ad. With regard to the nation. 339 NATJ NAY 3Tate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, NEC Na-tive (na'tiv), a. Produced by- nature ; not acquired ; natural : — n., one born in any place. Na-tive-ly (na'tivHe), ad. Natu- rally, by birth. Na-tive-ness (na'tiv v n£s), n. State of being native. Na-tiv-i-ty (na-tiv'eHe), n. Birth; time or place of birth. Na-tiv'i v ties, n. pi. Nat-u-ral (natsb/u x ral), a. Pro- duced or effected by nature; not miraculous; unaffected: — n., an idiot; a character in music. Nat-u-ral-ism (natsh'uYal-izm), n. Mere state of nature; the re- ligion of mere nature. Nat-u-ral-ist (natsh'uVal-lst), n. A student of natural history. Nat-u-ral-i-za-tion ( N natsh-uYal- e-za'shun), n. The act of in- vesting aliens with the privileges of native citizens. Nat-u-ral-ize (natsh'uVal-lze), v. t. To invest with the privi- leges of citizens ; to make natural. Nat'u n ral-i v zing, p. prs. Nat-tj-ral-ly (natsh'uVal-le), ad. Spontaneously,withoutaffectation. Nat-u-ral-ness (natsh'uVal-nes), n. The state of being natural. Na-ture (na'tshure or na'tshiir), n. The native state of any thing ; constitution; the universe; dispo- sition ; regular course ; compass of natural existence ; state of the world; sort, species. [70-6.] #Naught (nawt), a. Bad, corrupt, worthless : — n., nothing : — some- times written nought. Naugh-ti-ly (naw'te v le), ad. Cor- ruptly, wickedly. *Naugh-ti-ness (naw'te v n£s), n. Wickedness, badness. Naugh-ty (naw'te), a. [naugh- tier — naughtiest.] Wicked ; bad; mischievous; corrupt. *Nau-ma-chy (naw'ma v ke), n. A mock sea-fight. Nau'ma'chies, n. pi. 340 *Nau-se-a (naw'she'a), n. Sick- ness at the stomach ; disposition to vomit. Nau-se-ate (naw'she^ate), v. t. To loathe; to reject with disgust: — v. %., to feel disgust. *Nau'se n a-ting, p. prs. *Nau-seous (naw'sMs), a. Loath- some, causing disgust, disgust- ful. [73-2.] Nau-seous-ly (naw'shus v le), ad. Loathsomely, with disgust. Nau-seous-ness (naw'shus^ies),?!. Loathsomeness, quality of rais- ing disgust. Nau-ti-cal (naw'te N kal), a. Per- taining to sailors, ships, or navi- gation ; marine, naval. *Nau-ti-lus (naw'tiMs), n. A shell-fish furnished with some- thing analogous to oars and a sail. Nau'til^i, \ j *Nau'tii/us-es, J n '$ lm Na-val (na'val), a. Consisting of ships ; belonging to ships ; marine. Nave, n. The centre or middle part of a wheel, or of a church. Na-vel (naVl), n. The middle point of the abdomen. Na-vic-u-lar (na-vlk'u^lar), a. Relating to ships or boats. Nav-i-ga-ble (nav'e x ga-bl), a. Capable of being passed by ships or boats. [57-13.] Nav-i-ga-ble-ness (nav'e^ga-bl- Ws), n. State of being navigable. Nav-i-gate (navigate), v. i. To sail ; to pass by water : — v. t., to sail on water ; to steer a vessel. NavVga-ting, p. prs. Nav-i-ga-tion ( v nav-e-ga'shun), n. The act or art of managing ships. *Nav-i-ga-tor (nav'e N ga-tur), n. A sailor, a seaman. Na-vy (na've), n. An assembly of ships ; a fleet ; ships of war. N a' vies, n. pi. *Na-wab (na'wab), n. In India, a prince : — formerly written nabob, Nay (na), ad. No ; an adverb of negation; not only so; but more : — n., denial, refusal. Nays (naze), n. pi. Those who vote in the negative ; noes. Naz-a-rene ( x naz-a-reen'), n. A native of Nazareth ; a Christian. Naz-a-rite (naz'aVlte), n. A Jew bound by a vow to great devo- tion and purity of life. Neal (n£el), v. t. To temper by a gradual heat; to anneal. *Neap (neep), a. Low: — n., the tongue of a cart. Near (ne£r),ae?. Almost; at hand: — ■ a. [nearer — nearest (in place) or next (in order)], not distant; close ; intimate ; next to : — op- posed to the adjective off : — v. t., to approach ; to come near to : — v. %., to draw near. Near-ly (neer'le), ad. At no great distance, closely ; almost. Near-ness (neer'nes), n. Clsse- ness ; alliance of blood or affec- tion ; tendency to avarice. Near-Sight-ed (neer-st'ted), «. Seeing but a short distance. Neat (neet), a. Elegant ; clean ; nice : — n., cattle, oxen. Neat-herd (neet'herd), n. A keeper of cattle. Neat-ly (neet'le), ad. Elegantly. Neat-ness (neet'nes), n. Spruce- ness, cleanliness, niceness. Neb, n. The beak, the bill; the point of any thing. Neb-u-la (neb'u v la), n. A cloudy appearance; a dark spot; a film; a cluster of stars resembling a cloud. Neb'u x l^], n. pi. Neb-u-lar (nebular), a. Pertain- ing to nebulae. *Neb-u-los-i-ty fneb-n-^s'seHe), n. State of being nebulous. *NEB-u-LOus(neb'u x lus),a. Cloudy, misty, nebular. *Ne-ces-sa-ries (nes'seVsa-reez), n. pi. Things needful. NEC NEG nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — Ml — p6und — thin, this KE1 Ne-ces-sa-ri-ly (nes'seVsa-re v le), ad. Indispensably ; inevitably. Ne-ces-sa-ry (neVseVsa-re), a. Needful, indispensably requisite (ap. p. — to, for) : — n., something indispensable. Ne'ces^sa-ries, n. pi. *NE-CES-si-TA-Ri-AN(ne v s£s-s£-ta' r£'an), n. An advocate of the doctrine of necessity. Ne-ces-si-tate (ne-sds'seHate),v. t. To make necessary ; to compel. Ne-ces'si v ta-ting, p. prs. *Ne-ces-si-tous (n£-seVseHus), a. Pressed with poverty, needy. Ne-ces-si-tous-ness (ne-ses'se- Hus-n£s), n. Need, want. NE-CES-si-TY(ne-ses'se v t£), n. Com- pulsion, fatality; want, poverty, need,- exigency. [27-2.] [191-5.] *Ne-ces'si v ties, n. pi. Neck (n£k), n. That part of a body which connects the head to the trunk ; an isthmus. Neck-cloth (n^k'kl&^A or nek'- klaw^), n. A neckerchief. Neck-er-chief (n£k'k£rHshif), n. That which men wear around the neck. Neck-lAce (neVlase), n. An or- nament worn around the neck by women. Nec-ro-log-i-cal ( v n£k-r6-l&j'e- v kal), a. Relating to necrology. *Nec-rol-o-gy (nek-r61'd x je), n. A register of deceased persons. Nec-rolVgies, n. pi. Nec-ro-man-cer (nek'r6 N man-sur), n. An enchanter, a conjurer. **Nec-ro-man-cy (nek'r6 v man-se), n. Enchantment, conjuration. Nec-ro-man-tic ^nek-rd-man'tlk), a. Pertaining to necromancy. Nec-rop-o-lis (nek-r6p'6 x lis), n. A city of the dead. Ne-cro-sis (ne-kr6'sis), n. The mortification of the bones. *Nec-tar (n&k'tur), n. The sup- posed drink of the heathen gods; any delicious beverage. Nec-ta-re-al (n£k-ta're x al), ~) Nec-ta-re-an (nek-ta/re x an), > a. Nec-ta-re-ous (nek-ta'reHis), J Resembling nectar. Nec-ta-ri-al (n§k-ta're v al), a. Re- lating to the nectary of a plant. *Nec-tar-ine (nek'teVin), n. A fruit of the peach kind. *NEC-TAR-ous(nek'tar x us),a. Sweet as nectar. Nec-ta-ry (nek'taVe), n. The organ of a flower which secretes the honey. Nec'ta^ries, n. pi. Need, n. Exigency, necessity ; want (ap. p. — of): — v. L, to re quire; to want; to lack: — v. i. to be in want ; to be wanted. Need-ful (need'Ml), a. Indispen- sably requisite, necessary. Need-ful-ly (need'lurie), ad, Necessarily. Need-i-ly (need'e^Ie), ad. In want. Need-i-ness (need'eWs), n. Want. Nee-dle (nee'dl), n. A small instrument for sewing ; the sm steel bar in the mariner's com- pass: — v. t., to form crystals in the shape of needles : — v. i., to be formed into crystals like needles. Nee'dling, p. prs. Need-less (need'les), a. Unneces- sary, not requisite. Need-less-ly (need'leVle), ad. Unnecessarily, without necessity. Nee-dle-Work (nee'dlVurk), n. The business of a seamstress; embroidery by the needle. Needs (n£edz), ad. Necessarily. Need-y (need'e), a. [needier — neediest.] Poor, necessitous. *Ne'er (nare), ad. A contraction of NEVER. *Ne-fa-ri-ous (ne-fa're^us), a. Wicked, abominable, vile. Ne-fa-ri-ous-ly (ne-fa're y us-le), ad. Abominably, wickedly. Ne-ga-tion (ne-ga'shun), n. De- nial: Opposed tO AFFIRMATION. 29* Neg-a-tive (neg'a'tlv), a. Deny- ing : — n., a proposition, or a word, which denies; receiving elec- tricity, as a negative pole; below the electric equilibrium, as nega- tive electricity or substances; subtractive, as a negative quan- tity : — opposed to affirmative, additive, and positive : — v. t. f to decide against; to reject; to refuse. Neg'a x tiv-ing, p. prs. Neg-a-tive-ly (neg'aHiv-le), ad. With denial. Neg-lect (neg-l^kt'), v. t. To omit by carelessness ; to disre- gard; to slight: — n., inattention. NEG-LECT-FUL(neg-l£kt'ful),a.Dis- regarding, heedless, (ap.p. — of.) *Neg-li-gence (neg'lej^nse), n. Inattention. [252-18.] Neg-li-gent (n£g'le x jent), a. In- attentive, heedless, careless. Ne-go-ti-a-bil-i-ty (ne v g6-she-a- bil'leHe), n. The quality of being negotiable. *Ne-go-ti-a-ble (ne-g6'she v a-bl), a. Capable of being negotiated. Ne-go-ti-ate (n£-gd'she v ate), v. i. To have intercourse of business; to traffic ; to treat : — v. t., to con- clude by treaty or agreement. (ap. p. — with.) Ne-go'ti n a-ting, p. prs. NE-GO-Ti-A-TiON(ne x g6-she-a'shun) rc. Treaty of business, f *Ne-go-ti-a-tor (ne-g6'she v a-tur), n. One employed to negotiate. Ne-gress (ne'gres), n. A female of the African race. Ne'gress^es, n. pi. Ne-gro (ne'gr6), n. One of the black race of Africa. -Ne-groes (ne'gr6ze), n. pi. Ne-gus (ne'gus), n. A mixture of. wine, water, sugar, &c. Neigh (na), v. i. To utter the voice of a horse: — n., the voice of a horse. Neigh-ed (nade), p. prf. Ml NER NET Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, NEW Neigh-bor (na'btir), n. One who|NERVE-LESS (nerv'les), a. With lives near to another [67-8] : — v. t., to live near; to adjoin. Neigii-bor-hood (na'bnr v hud), n. Place adjoining, vicinity. *Neigh-bor-ly (na'bur'le), a. Be- coming a neighbor; kind, civil. *Nei-ther (ne'THur or ni'THur), a. andjpro. Not either ; no one : — con. d., nor. {cor. c. — nor.) Nem-o-ral (nem'6Yal), a. Per- taining to a grove. Ne-o-log-i-cal ( x ne-6-l6j r ^ v kal), a. Relating to neology. Ne-ol-o-gist (ne-61'6 N jlst), "I *Ne-o-lo-gi-an ( N ne-6-16'je'an), j n. An introducer of new forms and doctrines. *Ne-ol-o-gize (ne-oWjize), v. t. To introduce neology. Ne-ol'o x gi-zing, p. pre. Ne-ol-o-gy (ne-61'6 v je), ». A system of new words or doc- trines ; rationalism. Ne-olVgies, n. pi. *Ne-o-phyte (nl'6 N fite), n. A new convert ; a beginner. *Ne-o-ter-ic ( v ne-6-te¥ik), a. Of recent origin, modern, novel. *Ne-pen-the (ne-pen'^e), n. A drug that drives away pain. *Neph-ew (nev'vu. or nef'fu), n. The son of a brother or sister. *Nep-o-tism (nep'6 x tlzm), n. Fond- ness for nephews. Nep-tune (nep'tune), n. In My- thology, the god of the sea. Nep-tu-ni-an (nep-tu'ne v an), a. Pertaining to the ocean: — n., one who holds that the form and structure of the earth were regu- lated by the agency of water. Ne-re-id (ne'reld), n. In Mythol- ogy, a sea-nymph. Nerve (nerv), n. An organ of sensation and motion in ani- mals; strength; energy; cour- age : — v. t., to give vigor to ; to strengthen. Ner'ving, p. pra 342 out strength. Ner-vine (nerMn), n. A medicine for nervous affections, Ner-vous (ner'vus), a. Having weak nerves ; easily agitated ; strong, vigorous. Ner-vous-ly (ner'vus N le), ad. With strength or force. Ner-vous-ness (ner'vusWs), n. Vigor, strength. [355-13.] "*Nes-cience (nesh'e^ense), n. The state of not knowing, ignorance. Nest, n. A bed formed by a bird for incubation ; an abode. Nest-egg (nest'eg), n. An egg left in the nest. Nes-tle (nes'sl), v. i. To lie close and snug; to fidget: — v. t., to cherish ; to house. *Nes-tling (neV sling), p. prs. *Nest-ling (nest'llng), n. A bird taken from a nest: — a., newly hatched. Net, n. A texture woven with large meshes; a snare: — v. t., to make network; to knot. Net'ting, p. prs. Net'ted, p. prf. *Net, ) a. Clear of charges and Nett, j deductions : — v. t., to pro- duce a clear profit of. Net'ting, p. prs. Net'ted, p.prf. Neth-er (neTH'ur), a. com. Not upper, lower; infernal. Nether is of the com- parative degree; the positive of nether occurs only in com- position, as in beneath. It is used only in implied compari- son, as in the nether part ; but we never say one part is nether than another." Webster. NETH-ER-M0ST(neTH'ur v m6st)a.sw£). Lowest. Net-tle (net'tl), n. A stinging herb : — v. t., to sting ; to irritate, vex, or provoke. Net'tling, p. prs. Net-tle-Rash (net'tlVasb), n. An eruptive disease. Net'tle-\Rash-es, n. pi. Net-work (net'wurk), n. Any thing resembling the work of a net. *Neu-ral-gi-a (nu-ral'je x a), j Neu-ral-gy (nu-raKje), j n ' An acute and obstinate disease of the nerves. Neu-ral'gi\e, j , Neu-ral'gies, J n ' & ' Neu-ral-gic (nu-ral'jlk), a. Be- longing to neuralgia. Neu-rol-o-gy (nu-r61'6'je), n. The descriptive anatomy of the nerves. *Neu-ter (niVtur), a. Indifferent, not engaged on either side; in Grammar, applied to nouns or pronouns not masculine or femi- nine ; applied to verbs not ac- tive : — n., one indifferent and unengaged. Neu-tral (nu'tral), a. Indiffer- ent, not engaged on either side ; neither good nor bad; in Chem- istry, applied to salts neither characterized as acids or bases : — n., one who does not act or engage on either side. *Neu-tral-i-ty (nu-tral'le^te), n. A state of being neutral; in- difference. Neu-tral-i-za-tion fnii-tral-e- za'shun), n. The act of neu- tralizing. Neu-tral-ize (nu'tral A ize), v. t. To render neutral or indifferent. Neu'tral x i-zing, p. prs. Neu-tral-iz-er (nu'trariz-ur), n. That which neutralizes. Neu-tral-ly (nu'trarie), ad. On neither side, indifferently. Nev-er (nev'iir), ad. At no time. Nev-er-the-less ( v nev-ur-THe- les'), ad. Notwithstanding that, however. New (nu), a. Fresh ; modern ; recent: renovated. NIC NIG nor, n6t— tube, tub, Mil— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. NIK * New-el (nu'll), n. The column INi-ce-ty (ni'seHe), n. Minute ac- round which a staircase is carried, j curacy; fastidiousness. [243-15.J New-Fan-gled (nu-fang'gld), a. *Ni'ce*ties, ». pL Dainties. Novel, new-fashioned. *Niche (nitsh), n. A hollow in *NEW-FASH-iON-ED(nu-f&sh'und), which a statue may be placed. a. Recently come into fashion. Nick (nlk), n. Exact point of *New-ish (nulsh), a. Somewhat | time; a notch: — v. L, to hit; to new. touch luckily ; to cut in nicks. New-ly (nu'le), ac?. Freshly, lately. Nick-el (nlk'kl), n. A whitish, New-mod-el (nu-ni6d'el), v. t. To malleable, magnetic metal. .}" prs. model anew, New-mod 'el x ing, *Xew-mod'el x ling New-mod'el-ed, } *Xew-mod'ell-ed, j P' P r S' New-ness (nu'nes), n. Freshness, novelty, recent change. News (nuze), n. sing. and^Z. Fresh account of any thing, tidings. *Xews-pa-per (nuze'pajnir), n. A paper to circulate news. New-Style. See under style. *Newt (nute), n. A small lizard ; an eft. *New-year , s-Gift (nu'yeerz- N gift), n. A present made on the first day of the year. Next (nekst), a. [sup. of near and nigh.] Nearest in place, time, rank, or order: — ad., at the near- est time or place. NiB, it. The bill or beak of a bird j the point of a pen; neb. Nib-ble (nlb'bl), v, t. To bite by little at a time ; to eat slowly : — v. i., to bite at; to find fault with; to carp at: — n., a little bite. *Nib'bling, p. prs. Nib-bler (nlb'blur), n. One that nibbles. Nice (nise), a. Accurate ; exact ; delicate, refined. Nice-ly (nlse'le), ad. Accurately, precisely : minutely ; delicately. Ni-cene (ni-seen'), a. Relating to Nice (Asia Minor), where the NiceneCreed was formed, A.D. 325. Nice-ness (nlse'nes), n. Minute exactness, accuracy. Nick-nack. See knicknack. Nick-name (nlk'name), n. A name given in contempt : — v. t., to call by an opprobrious name. Nick'na v mixg, p. P rs - -Ni-co-tian (ne-k&'shan), a. Re- lating to tobacco. Nic-tate (nik'tate), v. i. To wink. Nic'taVing, p. _prs. Nic-ta-tion (nik-ta'shun), ». The act of winking. *Nid-i-fi-ca-tion (^ntd-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. Act of building nests. Nid-u-la-tion ( N nld-ju-14'shun), n. Time of remaining in the nest. Ni-dus (nl'dils), n. A nest, as of birds, &c. *Niece (neese), n. The daughter of a brother or sister. Nig-gard (nlg'gurd), n. A miser; a stingy person: — a., avaricious, sordid.f *Nig-gard-li-ness (nlg'gurd^e nes), n. Avarice, sordid parsi mony, meanness. Nig-gard-ly (nig'gurd v le), a. Ava ricious, sordidly parsimonious. Nigh (nl), a. [nigher — nighest or next.] Not distant, near, close (ap.p. — to understood): — ad. not at a great distance; almost. Nigh-ly (ni'le), ad. Nearly, nigh. *Nigh-ness (nl'nes), n. Nearness. Night (nite), n. The time of dark- ness; the evening ; obscurity. Night-cap (nite'kap), n. A cap worn in bed, or in undress. Night-dress (nite'dres), n. The dress worn at night. |Night'dress x es, n. pL Night-fall (nite'fal), n. The close of day. Night-gown (nite'g5un), n. A loose gown used for an undress. *Night-in-gale (nite'in N gale), n. A small bird that sings in the night. Night-ly (nite'le), a. Done by night: — ad., every night; by night. Night-mare (nlte'mare), n. A sensation of oppression during sleep; incubus. Night-shade (nite'shade), n. A plant. Night-watch (nlte'wotsh), n. A period of the night ; a guard at night. Night'watch v es, n. pi. -Ni-gres-cent (ni-gres'sent), a. Growing black. Ni-hil-ism (ni'hirizm), ) *Ni-hil-i-ty (nl-hil'leHe), j n ' Nothingness, nonexistence. Nim-ble (niui'bl), a. Quick, ac- tive, brisk ; ^moving with ease. Nim-ble-ness (nim'brnes), n. Ac- tivity, quickness, swiftness. Nim-bly (nlm'ble), ad. Quickly, speedily, with brisk motion. Nim-bus (nlm'bus), n. A rain- cloud; in Painting, a circle of rays round the head of a saint. NIne, a. or n. One and eight ; 9. Nine-fold (nlne'f61dj, a. Nine times repeated. Nine-pence (nlne'pens), n. A small silver coin, worth 12 cents. Nine-pins (nine'pinz), n. pi. A play in which nine pieces of wood are set up to be thrown down by a bowl ; tenpins. Nine-teen (nine'teen), a. or n. Nine and ten; 19. Nine-teenth (nlne'teen^), a. The ordinal of nineteen; noting the number nineteen. *Nine-ti-eth (nlne'te'eJA), a. The ordinal of ninety; noting the number ninety. 343 NOB NOD Fite, fir, fill, fit — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, NOM Nine-ty (nine'te), a. or n. Nine times ten; 90. Nin-ny (nin'ne), n. A simpleton. *Nin'nies, n. pi. Ninth {ninth), a. The ordinal of nine; noting the number nine. Ninth-ly (nln^/Vle), ad. In the ninth place. NIp, v. t. To pinch; to bite; to blast ; to vex : — »., a pinch with the nails or teeth ; a blast. Nip'ping, p. prs. *Nip'ped, p. prf. Nip-pers (nip'purz), n. pi. Small pincers. Nip-ping-ly (nip'plng x le), ad. Bitterly, bitingly. Nip-ple (nip'pl), n. The outlet of a breast or what resembles it. *Ni-san (ni'san), n. A Jewish month, answering to the end of March and beginning of April. Nit, n. The egg of a louse or other small insect. Ni-trate (ni'trit or nl' trite), n. A salt formed by nitric acid and a chemical base. Ni-ter ) , ,,, , x f Saltpetre ; *Ni-tre j (Dl t4r) ' "• i amine- ral salt; nitrate of potash. Ni-tric (nl'trik), a. Relating to, or containing, nitre. Nit-ri-fi-ca-tion ( N nit-re-fe-ki'- shun), n. The act of nitrifying. Ni-tri-fy (nl'tre x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, nitrifies.] To convert into nitre. Ni'tri v fi-ed, p. prf. Ni-tro-gen (nl'tro^jen), n. A colorless, tasteless, and inodor- ous gas, which constitutes four- fifths of atmospheric air. Ni-TROUs(ni'trus) ) a.Impregnated Ni-try (nl'tre), J with nitre. Nit-ty (nit'te), a. [nittier — nittiest.] Abounding with nits. N6, ad. The word of refusal; nay: — a., not any, none. *No-bil-i-tate (n6-biVleHate), v. t. To make noble ; to ennoble. No-bii/i n ta-ting, p. pre. 34A No-bil-i-ty (no-bil'leHe), n. An- tiquity of family joined with dis- tinction; persons of high rank; dignity, grandeur. [128-34.] *No-bil/i n ties, n. pi. No-ble (no'bl), a. Of an ancient and distinguished family ; great, illustrious, exalted; magnificent; liberal:—??., one of high rank or great dignity ; an old English gold coin. No-ble-man (n&'bPman), n. A man of rank ; one who is ennobled. No'ble v men, n. pi. No-ble-ness (n6'bl x n^s), n. Great- ness, dignity, high rank. No-bless j (nd-bles'), n. No- *No-blesse J bility. No-bly (n6'ble), ad. Illustriously, with dignity; in a noble manner. No-bod-y (n6'b6d\le), n. No one; a person of little consequence. No'bod n ies, n. pi. *No-cent (no'sent), a. Guilty ; hurtful. Noc-tam-bu-la-tion (n6kHim-bu- li'shun), n. A walking in sleep. Noc-TAM-BU-LiST(n6k-tim'bu N list), n. One who walks in sleep. *Noc-tiv-a-gant (n6k-tiv'i x gint), a. Wandering in the night. Noc-turn (n6k'turn), n. Devo- tional service by night. Noc-tur-nal (n6k-tur'nil), a. Nightly. N6d, v. i. To decline the head with a quick motion; to pay a slight bow; to be drowsy : — v. t., to bend or bow; to signal or signify by a nod: — n., a quick declination; a slight obeisance; a command ; assent. Nod'ding, p. prs. Nod'ded, p. prf. Nod-dle (nod/dl), n. The head (in contempt). Nod-dy (n6d'de), n. A simpleton. Nod'dies, n. pi. N6de, n. A knot; a swelling. *No-dose (n6-d6se'), a. Nodous. *No-dous (no'dus), a. Full of knots; having swelled joints. Nod-u-lar (nod'ju'lir), a. In the form of a knob or small lump. Nod-ule (nod'jule), n. A small lump or knot. Noes (ndze), n. pi. Those who vote in the negative; nays. *Nog-gin (n6g'gln), n. A mug. Noise (ndlze), n. Any kind of sound ; outcry ; occasion of talk : — v. L, to spread by rumor or report : — v. i., to sound loud. *Nois'ing, p. prs. Noise-less (nSize'les), a. Without sound, making no noise. *"Noi-si-ness (n6i'ze N nes), n. Loud- ness; state of being noisy. *Noi-some (n6i'sum), a. Noxious, injurious to health, mischievous. Noi-some-ly (ndi'sum v le), ad. Offensively. Noi-some-ness (n6i'sum x nes), n. Offensiveness, aptness to disgust. Noi-sy (n6Fze), a. [noisier — noisiest.] Sounding loud, ma- king a noise; clamorous. *No-mad ) (n6'mid or n&m'id), n. No-made ) One who leads a wan- dering life. *No-mad-ic (n6-mad'ik), a. Wan- dering, pastoral. *Nom-en-cla-tor ( v n6m-en-kli'- tur), n. One who gives names to things. [202.] *Nom-en-cla-ture ('nSm-en-kli'- tshure or v n&m-en-kli'tshur), n. A vocabulary, a dictionary ; the terms of an art or science. Nom-i-nal (nominal), a. Refer- ring to names; not real; exist- ing in name only. Nom-i-nal-ly (n6m'e x nil-l^), ad. » By name only. Nom-i-nate (nominate), v. t. To mention by name ; to appoint by name; to name for election. Nom'i v na-ting, p. prs. Nom-i-na-tion ( x n6m-e-ni'shdn), n. The act or power of nominating. NON NOH nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, THis. NOR Nom-i-na-tive (n6m'e x na-tiv), n, In Grammar, the case that des- ignates the name: — a., noting ths first case in grammar. Nom-i-na-tor (n&m'e v na-tur), n. One who nominates. Nom-i-nee ( x n6m-^-nee'), n. One who is nominated to an office. Non-age (n6n'ije), n. Minority. *Non-a-ge-na-ri-an ( v n6n-a-je- na're x an), n. One ninety years old Non-at-tend-ance ( v n6n-at-tend'- anse), n. Failure in attendance. *Nonce (n6nse), n. Occasion. *NoN-CHA-LANCE( x n6n-sh&-lanse r ), n. Indifference. *NoN-coM-MiT-TAL( x n&n-k6m-mlt'- tal), a. Unwilling to pledge. *Non-con-cur-rence ( x n6n-k6n- kur^nse), n. Refusal to concur. Non-con-duct-or f n&n-kon-dukt'- ur), n. A substance that does not transmit another. NoN-coN-FORM-iST( v n6n-k6n-fdrm / - 1st), n. One who does not con- form to the established religion. Non-con-form-i-ty ( v n6n-k&n- form'eHe), n. Refusal of com- pliance; recusancy. v Non-con-form'i v ties, n, pi. *Non-de-script (n6n'de N skript), n. An object not yet described: — a., not yet described. None (nun or n6ne), a. Not one, not any. ^gUt* None is used in both num- bers. It never stands before a noun, and is used only when the noun is omitted. Non-en-ti-ty (n6n-eVteHe), n. A thing not existing, nonexistence. *Non-en'ti x ties, n. pi. Nones (ndnz), n. pi. In the an- cient Roman Calendar, the sev- enth day of March, May, July, and October, and the fifth day of other months. J!^- The nones were so called because nine days elapsed from nones to ides inclusive. Non-Es-sen-tial ( x n6n-es-s£n'- shal), n. A thing not necessary, *None-such (nun'sutsh), n. That which has no equal. Non-Ex-ist-ence ( v n&n-eg-zisf- £nse), n. Absence of existence. Non-il-lion (n&n-il'yun), a. or n. By the French or American meth- od of numeration, a number ex- pressed by a unit in the thirty- first place ; by the English method, a unit in the fifty-fifth place. Non-ju-ring (ndn-ju'ring), a. Re- fusing to swear allegiance. **"Non-ju-ror (n6n-ju'rur), n. One who refuses to swear allegiance. NoN-ME-TAL-Lic( > n6n-me-tal'lik), a. Not consisting of metal. NoN-NAT-u-RAL(n6n-natsh'uVal), n. That which only by accident or abuse becomes the cause of disease; as, air, meat, sleep. NoN-OB-SERV-ANCE( v n6n-&b-zerv'- anse), n. A failure to observe. *Non-pa-reil ( v n6n-pa-rel'), n. Unequalled excellence; a kind of apple; a kind of printing- type : — a., having no equal. Non-pay-ment (nSn-pa'ment), n. Neglect of payment. Non-plus (n6n , plus), v. t. To puzzle; to confound; to embar- rass : — n., puzzle, inability to say or do more. Non'plus n es, I n. pi. and prs. *Non'plus'ses, J t. 3. Non'plus x ing, ] *NON'PLUS N SING, J $ ' P™ Non'plus-ed, 1 ,/. iJ NON'PLUSS-ED, J P % P V J' Non-Res-i-dence (n6n-rez'e- v dense), n. Failure of residence. NoN-RES-i-DENT(n6n-reYeMent), n. One who does not live at a certain place ; an absentee : — a., not residing at a certain place. Non-Re-sist-ance ( x n&n-re-zlst'- anse), n. Passive obedience. *Non-Re-sist-ant ( A non-re-zist'- ant), a. Not resisting. Non-sense (n6n'sense), n. Un- meaning language; trifles; ab- surd thought. *Non-sen-si-cal (^n-sen'se^kai), a. Unmeaning, foolish. Non-sen-si-cal-ly (non-sen'se- v kal-le), ad. Without meaning. *Non-suit (nSn'sute), v. t. To deprive of the benefit of a legal process : — n., renunciation of a suit at law. Noo-dle (n&6'dl), n. A simpleton. Nook (n66k or nuk), n. A corner; a narrow place. N66n, n. The middle of the day ; twelve o'elock.midday; midnight. Noon-day (n66n'da), j n. Mid- No on-tide (n66n'tide), J day, time of noon : — a., meridional. Noon-ing (n6&n'ing), «. Repose at noon. Noose (n66se or n66ze), n. A run- ning knot. *NoosE(n&6ze),iU.To tie in a noose. Noos'ing, p. prs. N6r, con. d. A particle usually marking the second or subse- quent branch of a negative prop- osition ; a word of negation, [cor. c. — neither, not, nor.) *Nor-mal (nor'mal), a. Accord- ing to rule; regular; elementary. N6rse, n. The Scandinavian lan- guage : — a., Scandinavian. North (ndrtfy, n. The point to the left of a person who faces the rising sun : — opposite to the south : — a., being in the north, northern : — ad., toward the north. North-east (ndr^-eest' or ndrra- eest'), n. The point between the north and east. North-east-er-ly (ndr^-e&st'ur- v le or ndrTH-eest ; ur N le), a. To- wards the northeast. North-east-ern (nflrfA-eest'urn or ndrTH-eest'tirn), a. Pertaining to the northeast. North-er-ly (ndrTH r ur v le), a. Be- ing towards the north. 345 NOT NOT Fife, f^r, fill, fat— me, met- -plne, pin — no, mSve, NOT North-ern (nSrTH'urn), a. Being in the north. N^rth-ern-er (norTH'urn^ur), n. One living in the north. North-ing (n6rTH'ing), n. Course or distance towards the north. ISorth-star (n6r«A-star' or n6rTH- star'), n. The pole-star. North-ward (ndrM/wurdorndrTH'- wiird), ad. Towards the north. North-west (n6r^-west'orndrTH- west')> n. The point between the north and west: — a., being in the northwest. North-west-er-ly (n6r^-wesf- nr v le or ndrTH-west'i\r v le), a. To- wards the northwest. North-west-ern (ndr£&-west'urn or norTH-west'iirn), a. Being in the northwest. Nose (n6ze), n. The prominence on the face, which is the organ of scent; scent: — v. t. f to scent; to smell. No' sing, p. pre. *Nose-gay (n6ze'ga), n. A bou- quet; a bunch of flowers. Nose-less (n6ze'l^s), a. Destitute of a nose. Nosle. See nozzle. No-sol-o-gist (nd-z&Wjlst), n. One versed in nosology. *No-sol-o-gy (no-zol'o^je), n. A classification of diseases. No-sol'o x gies, n. pi: Nos-tril (n6s'trll), n. The cavity of the nose. Nos-trum (n6s'trum), n. A quack medicine. N6t, ad. A particle of negation or refusal, (cor. c. — nor.) No-ta-ble (n6'ta N bl), a. Remark able, observable, worthy of no- tice : — n., a person of distinction. Not-a-ble (not'a^bl), a. Careful ; bustling, industrious, active. *No-ta-ble-ness (no'ta N bl-nes), n Remarkableness. Not-a-ble-ness (n6t'a v bl-ne's), n. Industry, appearance of business. 346 *No-ta-bly (n6'ta v ble), ad. Re- markably, memorably. ' 5J NoT-A-BLY(n6t / a x ble)arf.Carefully. *No-ta-ri-al (nd-taWal), a. Be- longing to a notary. No-ta-ry (n6'ta v re), n. An officer who attests contracts,protests,&c. No'ta v ries, n. pi. No-ta-tion (n6-ta'shun), n. The act or practice of recording any thing by marks ; a marking ; the conventional method of repre- senting, by symbols, mathemati- cal numbers, quantities, and op- erations. 70t* There are two kinds of ARITHMETICAL NOTATION nOW employed, the Roman and the Arabic. According to Roman notation, numbers are repre- sented by letters. This method is now used only for marking dates, and for numbering chap- ters, rules, sovereigns, &c. ; and, except in dates, the nu- merals are ordinals ; as, Henry IV. (Henry the Fourth). According to Arabic notation, numbers are represented by ten figures or their combina- tions, which are cardinals, as $3 (three dollars), 6° (six de- grees), 2x (two exes) ; except in indices, where they are ordi- nals ; as, £/~^ (fifth root of 6), 6 5 (fifth power of six). For information of other nota- tions, see "Dictionary of Mathematics." Notch (n&tsh), n. A nick; a hoi low cut in any thing: — v. t., to cut in small hollows. Notch'es, n. pi. and jors. t. 3. Note, n. Mark; token; notice; reputation ; a character or sound in music; a small letter; a com- ment; a paper given in confes sion of a debt: — v. t., to attend; to observe; to set down; to mark. No'ting, p. prs. Note-book (n6te'buk), n. A book for memorandums. No'ted, p. prf. : — a., remarkable, eminent; known by report. Noth-ing (nuth'ing or noM'lng), n. Not any thing; a trifling thing : — ad., nowise, in no respect; as, differeth nothing. Noth-ing-ness (ni!uft'ing x nes or n6lhf\ng x n^a) t n. Nonexistence; a thing of no value. No-tice (n6'tis), n. Remark, heed ; information ; observation ; a pa- per that notifies: — v. t., to heed; to observe; to regard. No'tic x ing, p. prs. No-tice-a-ble (noWa-bl), a. Worthy of notice. No-ti-fi-ca-tion ( x n6-te-f£-ka'- shun), n. The act of giving notice ; citation ; notice. No-ti-fy (n6'te N fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, notifies.] To make known ; to publish; to give formal in- formation. *No'ti n fi-ed, p. prf. No-tion (n6'shun), n. Thought, sentiment, good opinion, idea. No-tion-al (no'shun'al), a. Ideal, imaginary, fanciful. No-tion-al-ly (n6'shun v al-le), ad. In idea, mentally. Not Mere-ly (n&t-meer'le), ) Not On-ly (n&t-6n'le), j complex conjunctive adverb. (?) Not barely, not singly, (cor. c. — but also; but even.) *No-to-ri-e-ty ( x n6-t6-rl'eHe), n. Public knowledge or exposure. No-to-ri-ous (n6-t6'reus), a. Pub- licly known. [220-9.] No-to-ri-ous-ly (n6-t6're\is-le), ad. Publicly, openly, evidently. No-to-ri-ous-ness (nd-t6're v us- n£s), n. Notoriety. N6tt, n. A quantity of thread. Not-with-stand-ing Qr\ht-w\th- stand'lng), con. d. Nevertheless ; although : — prp., without hin- de ranee from ; in spite of. NOX NUM nSr, not — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, this. NUM Nought, n. See naught. N6un, ». /n Grammar, the name of any thing. Nour-ish (nur'rlsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, nourishes.] To increase or support by food ; to encourage ; to cherish. Nour-ish-a-ble (ntir'rish'a-bl), a Susceptive of nourishment. Nour-ish-er (nuYrlsi^ur), n. The person or thing that nourishes. Nour-ish-ment (nur'rlsh^nent), n. Food, sustenance, nutriment. Nov-el (n6v'el), a. New, unusual: — n., a fictitious tale. [273-3.] Nov-el-ist (n6v'eTist), n. An in- novator; a writer of novels. Nov-el-ty (n&v'eTte), n. New- ness : freshness ; any thing new or unusual. [50-39.] Nov'el'ties, n. pi. No-yem-ber (nd-v£m'bur), n. The eleventh month of the year. 0§t* Among the Romans, No- vember was the ninth month; hence the name. *Nov-en-a-ry (n6v / en v er-re or n> "• { like ex- tremity ; the nose : — sometimes written nosle. *Nu-bile (nu'bil), a. Marriageable. Nu-cle-us (nu'kle v us), n. A kernel, any thing about which matter is gathered ; the head of a comet. *Nu'cle v i, | , at / \ Yn.pt. Nu'CLE US-ES, ) r Nu-da-tion (nu-da/shun), n. Act of making bare. Nude, a. Bare, naked. Nu-di-ty (nu'deHe), n. Naked parts ; state of being naked. NuWties, n. pi. *Nu-gac-i-ty (nu-gas'se v te), n. Fu tility, trifling talk. *Nu-ga-tor-y (nu'gaHur-r£), a. Trifling, futile, of no force. *Nug-get (nug'get), n. A lump of metal. *Nui-sance (nu'sanse), n. Some thing noxious or offensive. Null, v. t. To annul; to annihil ate : — a., void, of no force. Nul-li-fi-ca-tion ( x nul-le-fe-ka r - shun), n. The act of nullifying, or making void. Nul-li-fi-er (nul'le^fl-ur), n. One who maintains the right to nul- lify ; one who nullifies. Nul-li-fy (nul'leYi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, nullifies.] To annul, make void. Nul'li n fi-ed, p. prf. Nul-li-ty (nul'leHe), n. Want of force or efficacy; nothingness; any thing null. i$ NUL'LI V TIES, n. pi. Numb (mini), a. Torpid, motion- less ; destitute of sensation : — v. t., to make torpid; to deaden. *Numb-er (num'mur), a. com. Numb-est (num / me : st), a. sup. Numb-ing (nuui'ming), p. prs. -Numb-ed (numd), p. prf. *Num-ber (num'biir), v. t. To count; to enumerate ; to reckon : — »., a unit, or an assemblage of units ; many, more than one ; multitude; in Grammar, distinc- tion of unity and plurality. f *Num-ber-less (nuin'burHes), a. Innumerable. Num-bers (niim'burz), n. pi. The fourth book in the Bible; har- mony, poetry. *Numb-ness (num'nes), n. Stupe- faction, torpor. *Nu-mer-a-ble (nu'ineVa-bl), a. Capable of being numbered. Nu-mer-al (nu'meYal), a. Rela- ting to number; numerical: — «., a character used to express a num- ber; as, 4 (four), IV. (fourth.) Nu-mer-al-ly (nu'meVal-le), ad. According to number. *Nu-mer-a-ry (nu'meVa-re), a. Belonging to a certain number. Nu-mer-ate (nu'meVate), v. t. or v. i. To reckon ; to enumerate. Nu'mer^a-ting, p. prs. Nu-MER-A-TioN( x nu-mer-a , shun),n. The art of numbering ; a rule of arithmetic ; a numbering. ^^^ There are two methods of numeration, the French and the English. By the first, which is in use in the United States and on the continent of Europe, numbers are divided into periods of three places each ; by the second, which is in use in Great Britain and its dependencies, into periods of six places each. In both, each period is known by a distinc- tive name, but the names of the places of the first period are repeated in every other ; so that the place of units of thou- sands is the first repeating point in the French, and the place of units of millions the first in the English, method. 347 NUP NUT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, NYM *Nu-mer-a-tor (nu'meVa-t&r), n. One who, or that which, num- bers ; the number above the line in Vulgar Fractions. Nu-mer-i-cal (nu-mer'e x kal), a. Numeral, denoting number, con- sisting of number. Ku-MER-i-CAL-LY(nu-mer'e^kal-le), ad. With respect to number. Nu-mer-ous (nu'mer N us),a. Con- taining, or consisting of, many consisting of poetic numbers melodious. *Nu-mer-ous-ly (nu'meVus-le), ad. In great numbers. Nu-mis-mat-ic fnu-mlz-matlk), a. Nuinismatical. Nu-mis-mat-i-cal ( x nu-miz-mat'e- x kal), a. Relating to numismatics. *Nu-mis-mat-ics ( N nu-mlz-mat' iks), n. pi. The science of coins and medals. Nu-mis-ma-tist (nu-miz'ma x tist), n. One versed in numismatics. *Num-ma-ry (num'maVe), ) Num-mu-lar (num'mu^lar), J Relating to money. *Num-skull (num'skul), n, A dunce. Nun, n. A woman secluded in a cloister and devoted to a re ligious life. *Nun-ci-o (nun'she'6), w. A mes- senger ; an ambassador from the Pope. *Nun-cu-pa-tive (nun-ku'paHlv), a. Nuncupatory. Nun-cu-pa-tor-y (ntin-ku'paHur- re), a. Publicly or solemnly declaratory ; verbal ; not written. *Nun-di-nal (nun'de v nal), a. Per- taining to a fair, or market, or to the ninth day. Nun-ner-y (nun'ntirVe), n. A house for nuns; a convent; an abbey; a cloister. *Nun'ner n ies, n. pi. *Nup-tial (n&p'shal), a. Pertain- ing to, or constituting, marriage ; done at a wedding. 348 Nup'tials, n. pi. Marriage ; mar- riage rites and festivities; wed- ding. [286-11.] NtfotSE, n. A woman who has the care of another's child; one who has the care of a sick person :• v. t.,to bring up a child; to tend the sick; to feed; to cherish; to encourage. Nur'sing, p. prs. Nurse-Pond (mirse'p&nd), n. A pond for young fish. Nurs-er (nurs'ur), n. One who nurses ; a promoter. Nur-ser-y (nnr'surVe), n. The act or office of nursing; a for children ; a place for edu- cation; a plantation of young trees. *Nur'ser n ies, n. pi. Nur-ser-y-Man (nur'sur-re^man), n. One employed in the cultiva- tion of young trees and shrubs ; a gardener. Nur'ser-y- x Men, n. pi. *Nurs-ling (nurs'llng), n. An infant ; a fondling. Nurs-tle (nurs'sl), v. t. To cher- ish ; to nurse ; to nuzzle. Nursling, p. prs. Nur-ture (ntir'tshur), n. Food, diet ; education ; manner of edu- cating or training: — v. t., to train ; to educate ; to bring up ; to nourish. [39-13.] Nur'tu v ring, p. prs. Nut, n. The fruit of certain trees and shrubs; a block of metal containing a concave screw : — v. %., to gather nuts. Nut'ting, p. prs. : — a., nut-gather- ing : — «., act of gathering nuts. Nut'ted, p. prf. Nu-ta-tion (nu-ta'shun), n. A kind of vibratory motion ; an apparent motion of the earth on its axis. Nut-brown (nut'br6un), a. Brown like a nut which has been long kept. Nut-crack-ers (nut'krak'kurz), n.pl. An instrument to break nuts. Nut-gall (nut'gal), n. A hard excrescence of the oak. Nut-meg (nut'meg), n. A kind of spice. *NuT-MEG-GED(nut'me : gd),a. Sea- soned with nutmeg. *Nu-tri-ent (nu'tre^ent), a. Nour- ishing, nutritive. *Nu-tri-ment (nu'tre^ment), n. Food ; aliment ; nourishment ; education. [82-14.] f Nu-tri-ment-al ( x nu-tre-ment'al), a. Having the qualities of food ; nourishing, nutritious. Nu-tri-tion (nu-trlsh'un), n. The process, act, or quality of nour- ishing; food. *Nu-tri-tious (nu-trish v us), ) Nu-tri-tive (nu/tre N tiv), J a * Nourishing; promoting growth; alimental. Nu-tri-ture (nu'tr&Hure), n. The power of nourishing. Nut-shell (nut'shel), n. The hard substance that encloses the kernel of a nut. Nut'ting. See under nut. Nut-Tree (nut'tree), n. A tree that bears nuts. Nux Vom-i-ca (nux-v6m / e x ka), n. A poisonous nut; strychnine. Nuz-zle (nuz'zl), v. t. To nestle : — v. i., to go with the nose down like a hog. Nuz'zling, p. prs. Nyc-ta-lo-py (nik'ta y 16-pe), n. A disease of the eye, in which a person sees best at night. *Nymph (nimf), n. In Mythology, a goddess of the woods, meadows, or waters; in Poetry, a young woman, a lady. Nym-pha (nim'fa), «. A pupa, au- relia, or chrysalis of an insect: — See CATERPILLAR. #Nym'ph^e, n. pi. Nymph-like (nimflike), a. Re- sembling a nymph. OAT OBI nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pSund — thin, this. OBL 0(6), n. The fifteenth letter and the fourth vowel is also a mute. The name is written 0, the plural of which is Oes. In Chemistry, it represents oxygen. I.O.O.F. stand for Independent Order of Odd Fellows, O.U.A. for Order of United Americans, and O.S. for Old Style:— see under style. (6), in. An expression of wish- ing, earnestness, or of vocative address. J^t- In written language, is used as a sign of cheerfulness or exultation, and oh of de- pression or anguish. See oh. *Oaf {Me), n. A changeling; an idiot. Oaf-ish (dfelsh), a. Stupid, dull. Oak (6ke), n. A forest-tree. Oak-ap-ple (6ke r ap x pl), n. A spongy excrescence on the oak. Oak-en (6'kn), a. Made of oak. Oak-ling (6ke'ling), n. A young oak. *Oak-um (6'kum), n. Cords un twisted; loose hemp. Oar (6re), n. An instrument to row with : — v. t., to impel by rowing — v. i., to row. -Oars-man (drz'man), n. One who rows. Oars 'men, n. pi. Oar-y (6r'e), a. Having the form or use of oars. *0-a-sis (d'a x sis), n, A fertile, watered spot in a desert. *0'a v ses, n. pi. Oast (dst), n. A kiln for drying hops, &e. Oat (6te), n. A grain : — generally used in the plural. Oat-en (6'tn), a. Made of oats. Oath (bth), n. An affirmation made with an appeal to God to witness its truth. [330.] Oaths (6thz), n, pi. Oat-meal (ote'meel), n. The flour of oats. Ob-duce (&b-duse'), v. t. To draw over as a covering. *0b-du a cing,^. prs. *0b-du-ra-cy (6Vju v ra-se), n. In- flexible wickedness ; hardness of heart ; impenitence. Ob-du-rate (&b'duMt or 6b-du'rit), a. Hard of heart ; inflexibly ob- stinate ; impenitent. [353-2.] *Ob-du-rate-ly (&b'duYit-le or 6b-du'rit x le), ad. In an obdurate manner. Ob-du-rate-ness (6b'duMt-nes or 6b-du'ri tone's), n. Stubbornness, inflexibility, impenitence. *0-be-di-ence (o-be'de^nse), n. Submission to authority. [112-5.] 0-be-di-ent (o-be'de^ent), a. Sub- missive to authority; dutiful. (ap. p. — to.) 0-BE-Di-ENT-LY(6-be'de x ent-le),ad. With obedience. *0-bei-sance (6-ba/sanse or 6-be r - sanse), n. A courtesy ; a bow ; an act of reverence. *Ob-e-lis-cal ( x 6b-e-lis'kal), a. Having the form of an obelisk. *0b-e-lisk (obelisk), n. A kind of pyramid ; in Printing, a point marked thus [ f ]. O-bese-ness (o-bese'ne's), ) *0-bes-i-ty (6-bes'se'te), J n ' Morbid fatness. 0-bey (6-baO, v. t. To pay sub- mission to; to comply with; to yield to. Ob-fus-ca-tion ( x 6b-fus-ka'shun), n. The act of darkening; ob- scuration. 0-bit (6'bit or &b'lt), n. Death, decease; funeral solemnity. 0-bit-u-al (d-bit'u al), a. Relating to funeral solemnities; obituary. 0-bit-u-a-ry (6-bit'u N a-re), n. A list of the dead; a notice of one dead : — a., relating to a deceased person ; obitual. 0-bit'u n a-ries, n. pi. 30 Ob-ject (ob'jekt), n. That about which any power or faculty is employed; design; end; final purpose. [63-7.] [384-2.] Ob-ject (6b-jekt'), v. t. or v. i. To oppose in words ; to urge against. (ap. p. — to, against.) Ob-jec-tion (6b-jek'shun), n. Ad- verse argument; fault found; opposition. [102-3.] Ob-jec-tion-a-ble (6b-jek'shun r a- bl), a. Liable to objection. Ob-ject-ive (6-b-jekt'lv), a. Be- longing to, or contained in, an object; external to the mind. Ob-ject-ive-ly (6b-j§kt'iv x le), ad. In the state or manner of an object; by way of objection. *Ob-ject-or (6b-j^kt'dr), n. One who offers objections. Ob-jur-ga-tion ( v 6b-jur-ga'shun), n. Reproof, reprehension. Ob-late (6b-late'), a. Flattened at the poles : — opposed to pro- late, which see. Ob-la-tion (6b-la'shun), n. An offering, a sacrifice. Ob-li-gate (6b'le N gate), v. t. To bind by contract or duty; to oblige. Ob'li x ga-ting, p. prs. Ob-li-ga-tion ( x Sb-le-ga'shun), n. The binding power of any oath or contract; favor by which one is bound to gratitude; a duty. [65-22.] [242-17.] *Ob-li-ga-tor-y (6b'le v ga-turYe or 6b-llg'aHur-re), a. Imposing ob- ligation ; binding in law or duty. O-blige (o-blije'), v. t. To bind; to compel ; to force ; to gratify ; to please; to favor. *0-bli'ging, p. prs.: — a., civil; complaisant; conferring favors. *Ob-li-gee ( v 6b-l£-jee')/ n. The person bound by a legal contract. O-bli-ging-ly (6-bli'jing x le), ad, Complaisantly, with civility. O-bli-ging-ness (6-bll'jing x nes), n. Complaisance, civility. 349 0B3 Fate, fir, f^ll, fat- OBS -m&, met — pine, pln- -no, m&ve, OBT Obl-i-gor ( A 6b-le-gdr'), n. One who binds himself by contract. Ob-lique (6b-llke' or 6b-leek'), a. !S T ot direct; not perpendicular; Dot honest; noting an angle not a right angle. [111-33.] *Ob-lique-ly (6b-llke'le or 6b- 14ek'16), ad. Not directly. Ob-lique-ness (6b-llke'nes or 6b- le^k'nes), n. Obliquity. *Ob-li-qui-ty (6b-llk'kweHe), n. State of being oblique, deviation from rectitude. Ob-lit-er-ate (6b-lit'eVate), v. t. To effaee ; to destroy ; to blot out. [23-35.] Ob-lit'er\a.-ting, p. prs. OB-LiT-ER-A-TioN(ob x lit-er-a , shun), n. EfiFacement; extinction. O-bliv-i-on (d-bhVe x un), n. For- getfulness ; a general pardon ; amnesty. [59-22.] [199.] *0-bliv-i-otjs (6-bliv'e x us), a. In- clined to forget; causing forget- fulness. Ob-long (6b'l6ng), a. Longer than broad. *Ob-lo-quy (6bWkwe), n. Dis- grace; blame; slander. [355.] *Ob-nox-ious (6b-n6k / shus), a. Subject, liable, exposed; odious. Ob-nox-ious-ly (6b-n6k'shus v le), ad. Reprehensibly ; in a liable manner. O'bo^e. See hautboy. OB-o-VATE(6b-6Vlt),a.Egg-shaped. **Ob-rep-ti-tious (^b-rlp-tish'iis), a. Done by surprise. Ob-scene (6b-seen'), a. Indecent, immodest; disgusting. Ob-scene-ly (6b-s£en'le), ad. In an obscene manner. Ob-scene-ness (6b-se^n'n§s), ) Ob-scen-i-ty (6b-sen'eHe), j n ' Impurity of language or action ; lewdness. Ob-scen'i^ties, n. pi. Ob-scu-ra-tion ( x 6b-sku-ra'shun), n. The act of darkening ; the state of being darkened. 350 Ob-scure (6b-skure'), v. t. To darken [55-21] : — a., dark ; in- distinct; gloomy; little known; abstruse. Ob-scu'ring, p. prs. Ob-scure-ly (6b-skure'le), ad. In an obscure manner, not brightly. OB-scuRE-NESs(6b-skiWnes), 1 *Ob-scu-ri-ty (6b-sku're v te), j n ' Darkness ; unnoted state ; unin- telligibleness ; privacy, humble condition. [55-3.] [240-8.] Ob-scu'ri x ties, n. pi. Ob-se-cra-tion ( v 6b-se-kra'shun), n. A supplication ; an entreaty. *Ob-se-quies (6b'se x kw!z), n. pi. Funeral rites and solemnities; exequies. [132-12.] *Ob-se-qui-ous (db-se'kweMs), a. Obedient, compliant, attentive. Ob-se-qui-ous-ly (ob-se'kweNis- le), ad. In an obsequious manner. Ob-se-qui-ous-ness (6b-se'kw&- v us-n£s), n. Obedience, compli- ance, attention. Ob-serv-a-ble (6b-zerv'a > bl), a. Capable or worthy of being ob- served; remarkable, eminent. Ob-serv-a-bly (6b-zerv'a x ble), ad. In a manner to be noticed. *Ob-serv-ance (6b-zerv'anse), n. Respect, religious rite; atten- tion; observation, (ap. p. — of.) Ob-ser-van-da ( v 6b-zir-van'da), n. pi. Things to be observed. Ob-serv-ant (ob-zerv'ant), a. At- tentive, watchful, {ap. p. — of.) Ob-ser-va-tion (^b-ze'r-va'shun), n. The act of observing; note; remark; notice, (ap. p. — of.) OB-SERV-A-TOR-Y(6b-zerv / aHur-re) n. A place built for astronomical observation. *Ob-servVtor-ies, n. pi. Ob-serve (6b-z£rv'), v. t. To watch; to see; to note; to obey: — v. i., to be attentive ; to remark. Ob-serv'ing, p. prs. Ob-serv-ing-ly (6b-zerv'ingHe), ad. Attentively. *Ob-serv-er (6b-zerv'ur), n. One who looks on, a beholder. * Ob- sid -i- an (6b-sid'e N an), n. A volcanic mineral. *Ob-sid-i-o-nal (6b-sid'e x 6-nal), a. Belonging to a siege. *Ob-so-les-cence f6b-s6-leV- se'nse), n. State of passing into disuse. *Ob-so-les-cent (Y>b-s6-les'sent), a. Going out of use. *Ob-so-lete (6b's6Meet), a. Out of use or date, unfashionable.^ Ob-so-lete-ness (6b's6 v leet-ne ! s), n. Unfashionableness ; a state of disuse. Ob-so-let-ism (6b's6 N leet-lzm), n. That which passes into disuse. Ob-sta-cle (6b'sta'kl), n. Hinder- ance, obstruction, any thing that opposes. [55-22.] [382-16.] *Ob-sti-na-cy (ob'ste^na-se), n. Stubbornness, contumacy, per- tinacity. [111-9.] [185-14.] Ob-sti-nate (6b'ste N nlt), a. Stub- born, contumacious, perverse. Ob-sti-nate-ly (6b'ste\ilt-le), ad. Stubbornly, inflexibly. [288-8.] OB-STi-PA-TioN( x 6b-ste-pa'shun),»i. The act of stopping up. Ob-strep-er-ous (6b-strep'eV us ), a. Loud,clamorous,noisy. [99-4.] Ob-strep-er-ous-ly (6b-strep'er- v us-l&), ad. Clamorously. OB-STREP-ER-OUS-NESS(6b-Strep / - er N us-n§s), n. Loudness, clamor. Ob-stric-tion (6b-strik'shun), n. Obligation, bond, agreement. Ob-struct (6b-strukt'), v. t. To hinder; to block up; to retard. [112-28.] [346-10.] Ob-struc-tion (6b-struk'shun), «» Hinderance, difficulty. Ob-struct-ive (6b-strukt'!v), a. Hindering, causing impediment. *OB-STRU-ENT(6b / stru v ent), n. That which obstructs : — a., hindering. Ob-tain (6b-tane'), v. t. To gain ; to acquire; to attain; to procure: — v. i., to prevail; to get into use. occ OCH n5r, nor— tube, tub, bull— 5il — pMnd— thin, this. ODD *Ob-tain-a-ble (6b-tane'a v bl), a. Possible to be procured. Ob-tain-ment (ob-tane'mlnt), n. Act of obtaining. Ob-tend (6b-tend')> v. t. To oppose. Ob-test (6b-t£sf), v. t. To beseech. OB-TEST-A-TioN( v 6b-t§st-a'shun),/i. Supplication. Ob-trude (6b-tr66de'), v. t. or v. i. To thrust in by force: to in- trude, (ap.p. — on,upon.) [259-20.] Ob-trtj'ding, p. prs. Ob-tru-der (6b-trdd'ddr), n. One who obtrudes. Ob-tru-sion (ob-tro&'zhdn), n. Act of obtruding, intrusion. Ob-trtj-sive (Sb-tr66'siv), a. In- clined or tending to intrude. Ob-tund (db-tdnd'), v. L To dull, to blunt. Ob-tuse (6b-tuse'), a. Not acute, noting an angle greater than 90°; not pointed, dull. [139-18.] *Ob-tuse-ness (6b-tuse'ne : s), n. Bluntness, dulness. [shade. Ob-um-brate (6b-uni'brate), v.t. To Ob-um'bra^ing, p. prs. Ob-verse (6b'verse), n. The face of a coin or medal : — opposed to reverse. Ob- vert (6b-verf), v. t. To turn toward. Ob-vi-ate (6b've x ate), v. t. To meet in the way ; to prevent ; to remove.f *Ob'vi v a-ting, p. prs. Ob-vi-ous (6b've v us), a. Open; evident, (ap.p.— to.) [139.]t Ob-vi-ous-ly (6b've v us-le), ad. Evidently, apparently, clearly. *Ob-vi-ous-ness (6b've v iis-nes), n. State of being evident. Oc-ca-sion (6k-ka'zhdn), n. Oc- currence, incident; convenience; casual exigence[361-14] [173-15] (op. p. — for, of): — v. t. f to cause; to influence j to produce. Oc-ca-sion-al (6k-ka'zhun x al), a. Incidental; casual; irregular. [122-13.] t Oc-ca-sion-al-ly (6k-ka'ziuWal- le), ad. Upon occasion ; inci- dentally ; at times. [54-7.] Oc-ci-dent (6k'se x d6nt), n. The West. *Oc-ci-dent-al ( v 6k-s&-d6nt'al), a. Western. Oc-cip-i-tal (6k-slp'eHal), a. Pertaining to the occiput. Oc-ci-put (6k'se v put), n. The hinder part of the head. Oc-cult (6k'kiilt), a. Secret, invis- ible, hidden, unknown. Oc-ctJLT-A-TioN( N 6k-kult-a'shun), n. Obscuration of a star by the interposition of another body. *Oc-ctt-pan-cy (dk'kupan-se), n. The act of taking possession, Oc-cu-pant (6k'ku x pant), n. One who takes possession. Oc-ctj-pa-tion f6k-ku-pa/shdn), n. Business, employment, trade, vo cation, calling. *Oc-cu-pi-er (ok'ku N pi-ur), n, A possessor, one who occupies. Oc-cu-py (6k'ku v pi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, occupies.] To possess; to hold for use ; to employ. *Oc'cu v pi-ed, p.prf. Oc-cur (ok-kur 7 ), v. i. To appear; to meet j to happen ; to come to the mind. [56-5.] Oc-ctjr'ring, p. prs. *Oc-cur'red, p. prf. *Oc-cur-rence (6k-kur're : nse), n. Incident, accidental event; any thing that occurs. [113-24.]f O-CEAN (6'shun), n. The great sea: — a., pertaining to the ocean. *0-ce-an-ic ( x 6-she-an'ik), a. Per- taining to the ocean. O-CHRA. See okra. 0-cher } ,i n 2 v f A kind of •O-chbbI (*' kur ),». | earth va _ riously colored. 0-cher-ous (6'kdr v ds), ] a. Con- *0-CHRE-ous(6'kre' v us), sisting of O-CHER-Y ) ,xm. 2 v M Y or resem- *0-chre-y| ( 6kurre ) bling O-chry (6'kre), J chre. O-CRA. See OKRA. Oc-ta-gon (6k'ta x g6n), n. A plane figure having eight sides. Oc-tag-o-nal (6k-tag'd v nal), a. Having eight sides and angles. Oc-ta-he-dron ( x 6k-ta-he'dr5n), ru A solid bounded by 8 triangles. Oc-tan-gu-lar (6k-tang'gu v lar), a. Having eight angles. Oc-tave (6k'tave), n. The eighth day after a festival ; in Music, an interval of eight sounds. Oc-ta-vo (6k-ta'v6), n. A book in which one sheet of paper makes eight leaves : — a., having eight leaves to a sheet. *Oc-ta'yos, n. pi. *Oc-ten-ni-al (6k-teVne x al), a. Happening every eighth year. *Oc-til-lion (6k-til'yun),a.or n. By the French or American method of numeration, a number expressed by a unit in the twenty-eighth place ; by the English method, a unit in the forty-ninth place. Oc-to-ber (6k-t6'bup), n. The tenth month of the year. j^g^ Among the Romans, Octo- ber was the eighth month; hence the name. H)c-TO-GE-NA-Ri-AN( x 6k-t6-jevna'- re N an), n. One eighty years old. *Oc-tog-e-na-ry (ok-t6j'e v na-re), a. Eighty years old. Oc-tu-ple (6k'tu y pl), a. Eight- fold. Oc-u-lar (6k'uHar), a. Relating to, or known by, the eye. Oc-u-list (6k / u v list), n. One who treats diseases of the eye. Odd (6d), a. Not even; strange, queer; uncommon, not usual. Odd-fel-low (6d /v fel-16), n. One recognised in the fraternity of oddfellows. Odd a fel-lows, n. pi. A secret, beneficial society. 0DD-FEL-L0W-SHIP(6d'fel-16 N shlp), n. The principles, obligations, and privileges of oddfellows. 351 OF OFF Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — n6, move, OIL Od-di-ty (6d'deHe), n. Singularity, strangeness. [336-12.] *Od'di n ties, n. pi. Odd-ly (6d'le), ad. Not evenly ; strangely, particularly. *Odd-ness (6d'n£s), n. The state of being odd ; strangeness ; par- ticularity. Odds (6dz), n. sing, and pi. Ine- quality ; excess ; superiority ; advantage ; quarrel. Ode (6de), n. A lyric poem.f O-de-on (6'de v un), n. A building for theatrical or musical enter- tainment. O-di-ous (6'deMs), a. Hateful, de- testable, disgusting. [212-13.] *0-di-ous-ly (MeNis-le), ad. De- testably, hatefully. O-di-ous-ness (d'de^us-ne's), n. Hatefulness. *0-di-um (o'de^um), n. Hatred; invidiousness. *0-dom-e-ter (6-d&m'eHur), n. An instrument for measuring dis- tances. O-don-tal-gi-a ( x 6-d&n-tal'je x a), n. The toothache. O-don-tal-gic ( v 6-d6n-tarjik), a. Pertaining to the toothache. 0-DON-TOL-o-GY(V)-d6n-tSl'16-je),tt. The science which treats of the teeth. O-dor (6'dur), n. Scent, fragrance, perfume. [138.] 0-DO-RiF-ER-ous( N 6-d6-rlfeVus),a. Fragrant, perfumed. *0-do-rif-er-otjs-ness ( N 6-d6-rlf- eVus-n£s), n. Sweetness of scent. O-dor-less (6'dur v l^s), a. Free from odor. O-dor-ous (6'dur x us), a. Fragrant. O'er (6r), ad. A contraction of OVER. *(E-soph-a-gus (e-s6fa'gus), n. The gullet, the passage from the mouth to the stomach : — some- times written esophagus. Of (6v or 6f ), prp. Relating to ; from ; concerning. 352 Off (6f or awf ),ad. Signifying dis- tance, absence, or departure : — opposed to the adjective near; more distant ; as, the off ox : — prp., opposed to on; distant from: — in., depart! *Of-fal (6fful), n. Waste meat; coarse flesh ; refuse. %~*Z C l }(6f-fW), «.{ In J u - '"Uf-fenseJ v n ( ry,m- sult, displeasure given; crime; anger. [83-39.] Of-fence-less ) ,* c ex ,,* v -sOf-pense-less J (M-«nW18»)«- Innocent, unoffending. Of-fend (6f-f£nd r ), v. t. To make angry; to displease; to trans- gress ; to injure : — v.i., to be guilty of an offense, (ap. p. — against.) Of-fend-er (6f-f^nd'ur), n. A criminal; a transgressor. Of-fen-sive (6f-fen'slv), a. Dis- pleasing; injurious; disagree- able ; aggressive, (ap. p. — to.) Of-fen-stve-ly (ftf-fen'sivHe), ad. Mischievously, injuriously. Of-fen-sive-ness (6f-fen'siv v nes), n. Mischief; cause of offense. Of-fer (6f'fur), n. A proposal; price bid; attempt: — v. t., to present for acceptance ; to sacri- fice ; to bid ; to propose : — v. i., to present itself, (ap. p. — to.) Of'fer'ing, p. prs. : — n., any thing offered; a sacrifice. *Of-fer-tor-y (6ffurHur-re), n. Act of offering; thing offered; a passage read, or an anthem chanted, while alms are collected. Of'fer n tor-ies, 11. pi. Off-hand (6f hand), ad. Readily. Of-fice (6ffis), n. A public em- ployment or charge; business; place of business. [46-29.] Of-fi-cer (&F fe^sur), n. A man who holds an office ; a commander. Of-fi-cial (6f-fish'al), a. Pertain- ing to a public office ; authentic, authorized : — n., a person hold- ing an office. *Of-fi-cial-ly (of-fish'arie), ad. By authority. Of-fi-ci-ate (6f-flsb/e'ate), v. i. To discharge an office ; to per- form an office for another. *Of-fic'i n a-ting, p. prs. *Of-fic-i-nal (6f-fis'se v nal or '6f- fe-sl'nal), a. Relating to shops ; used in shops. Of-fi-cious (6f-fish'us), a. Kind ; overforward; busy. [247-12.] Of-fi-cious-ly (6f-fish'uVle), ad. Kindly ; with too great forward- ness ; busily. [170-21.] Of-fi-cious-ness (6f-fish'us N n§s), n. Overforwardness ; eagerness to serve. Of-fing (offing or awfing), n. The sea at a distance from land. OFF-scouR-iNG(6f-sk6ur'ingo;-awf- skdur'lng), n. Refuse. Off-set (6f s£t or awf sel), n. An account set against another; a shoot of a plant ; a set-off. Off-spring (6fsprlng or awf- spring), n. siny. or pi. Children, a child, progeny. Oft (6ft or awft), ) , Oft-en (6ffn or aw'fn), J aa " Frequently, many times. Oft-en-times (offnHimz or awf fn- Himz), ad. Ofttimes. Oft-times (6ft'timz or awft'tlmz), ad. Frequently, often. *0-gee (6'jee), n. A kind of mould- ing in architecture. *0-gle (6'gl), v. t. To view with side glances : — n., a side glance. O'gling, p. prs. 0-gler (o'glur), n. One who ogles. *0-gre (d'gur), n. An imaginary monster of the East. 0-gress (6'gr£s), n. A female ogre. •^O'gress'es, n. pi. Oh (6), in. An expression of sor- row, pain, dread, or horror: — ■ see 0. Oil (611), n. Any fat, unctuous matter, animal or vegetable : — v. t., to smear or lubricate with oil. OLE n6r. n&t- OMN -tube, tftb, bull— Ml— p6und- -^in, this. ONE Oil-cloth (diVklbth or dil'klaw^), n. A cloth coated with oil. Oil-cloths (dil'kl&THZ or 61V- klawTHz), n. pi. Oil-col-or (6il'kul v ur), n. A col- oring substance ground with oil. Oil-i-ness (6H'e v nes), n. Greasi- ness, unctuousness. Oil-man (dll'man), n. One who trades in oil. Oil'men, n. pi. Oil-y (611'e). a. [oilier — oiliest.] Consisting of, or like, oil. Oint (dint), v. t. To smear with oil. Oint-ment (dlnt'ment), n. Unc- tuous matter for wounds, ulcers, &g. ; unguent; a cerate. *0-kra (d'kra), n. A plant used in soup : — sometimes written OCHRA Or OCRA. Old (did), a. Past the middle of life; of long continuance; an- cient ; not new ; crafty. ?0t* Elder and eldest are usually referred to old as their positive. See eld. Old-en (old'e'n), a. Old, ancient. Old-Fash-ioned (dld-fash'und), a. Formed according to old custom. Old-ness (dld'nes), n. The state of being old. Old-Style. See style. *0-le-ag-in-ous ( x 6-le-ajln x us), a. Oily, unctuous. *0-le-in ] /ima\3„\ f One of O-le-ine }( 6 ' lem )> "•{ the con- stituents of fat. Ol-fac-tion (61-fak'shun), n. The sense of smelling. Ol-fac-tor-y (61-fak'turVe), a. Having the sense of smelling. * Ol-i-gar-chi-cal ( v 6l-le-gar'k&- v kal), a. Relating to an oligarchy. *Ol-i-gar-chy (6Fle N gar-ke), n. A form of government which places the supreme power in the hands of a few men. Ol'iNjar-chies, n. pi. 0-li-o (6'le x 6), n. A mixture. 0'li n os, n. pi. i* *Ol-i-va-ceous ( N 61-e-va/shtis), a. Pertaining to olives. *Ol-i-va-ry (6l'eVa-re), a. Shaped like an olive. Ol-ive (6l'iv), n. A plant from the fruit of which salad oil is pressed ; the emblem of peace. Ol-ive-Branch (6l'iv x bransh), n. A branch of olive; emblem of peace. Ol'ive- x Branch-es, n. pi. *Ol-la Po-dri-da ( r &l-la-p5-dre'- da), n. A Spanish dish, consist- ing of a mixture of articles boiled. -O-lym-pi-ad (6-litn'pe v ad), n. In Grecian history, a period of four years. O-lym-pi-an (6-lim'pe x an), O-LYM-pic (6-lim'pik), Relating to games of ancient Greece, or to Olympia. 2™- EER l(&m'bur),n.( A S an f of *Om-breJ v ' { cards, *0-me-ga (o-me'ga), n. The last letter of the Greek alphabet; the last. *Ome-let (&in'let), n. A kind of pancake made with eggs. 0-men (d'inen), n. A sign good or bad; a prognostic. [336-22.] O-men-tum (6-men'tdm), n. A name applied to folds of the peritone- um, the largest of which is spread over the intestines; the caul. O-men'ta, n. pi. *Om-i-nous (Sm'e N nus), a. Fore- showing ill, inauspicious. [372.] Om-i-nous-ly (6m'e x nus-le), ad. With good or bad omens. O-mis-sion (d-mish'un), n. Neglect of duty, failure. O-mis-sive (d-inis'slv), a. Leav- ing out, neglecting. 0-mit (6-mlt'), v. t. To neglect. O-mit'ting, p. prs. O-mit'ted, p. prf. Om-ni-bus (6m'ne x bus), n. A large passenger wagon, drawn short distances by horses. Om'ni v bus-es, n. j)l. 30* *OM-Ni-FA-Ri-OLS(^6m-ne-fa / re v us) a. Of all kinds. OM-NiF-ic(6m-nif / ik)«. All-creating. Om-ni-form (&m'ne v f'6rin), a. Hav- ing all forms. *OM-Ni-PAR-i-TY( v 6in-ne-par'reHe), n. General equality. OM-NiP-o-TENCE(6m-nip'6Hense),n. Omnipotency. *Om-nip-o-ten-cy (6m-nip'6Hen- se), n. Almighty power, unlim- ited or infinite power. [29-6.] Om-nip-o-tent (ftin-nip'oHent), a. Almighty, all-powerful [77-28] : — n., the Almighty, f Om-ni-pres-ence 06m-ne-preV- £nse), n. Unbounded presence ; presence in every place. *OM-Ni-PRES-ENT( x 6m-ne-preVent), a. Present in every place. [179.] *Om-ni-sci-ence (6m-nish'^nse), n. Boundless knowledge. *Om-ni-sci-ent (6m-n!sh'^nt), a* All-knowing. [179.] *Om-niv-o-rous (6m-niv'6 v ms), a, All-devouring,eating every thing. On (6n or awn), prp. In contact with the surface or upper part of any thing ; upon ; at ; near ; — opposed to off : — ad., forward, in succession : — opposed to off : — in., an expression of incite- ment; proceed! Once (wunse), ad. One time ; at one time ; formerly. One (wun), a. Less than two; single : — pro., any ; particularly one : — n. [nom. and obj. sing. one; pi. ones: pos. one's; ones'], a being, a single person; the first hour ; 1 ; the same thing ; concord : — see other. * O-nei-ro-crit-ic (d N nl-r6-krit'ik), n. An interpreter of dreams. *One-ness (wun'nes), n. Unity; the quality of being one; har- mony, concord. On-e-ra (&n'e N ra), pi. of onus. *On-er-a-ry (6n'er v a-re), a. Fitted for burdens ; onerous. 353 OPE OPI Fate, far, fill, fat — me, mel — pine, pin — n6, move, OPP On-er-ous (6n'eVus), a. Burden- some, oppressive. *On-ion (un'yun), n. A plant. *On-ly (6ne'le), a. Single, one and no more :—ad., singly, sim- ply, merely. On-set (6n's3t), n. Attack, assault. *On-slaught (6n'slawt), n. An attack, an onset. ON-TOL-o-GY(6n-t&H6 x j&), n. Meta- physics ; the science of being. 0-nus (6'nus), n. The burden. On'e^ra, n. pi. On-ward (6n'wurd), ad. Forward ; progressively : — a., forward, ad- vancing. 0-nyx (6'niks), n. A semi-pellucid gem : — see chalcedony. O'nyx^es, n. pi. Ooze (66ze), n. Soft mud; mire; slime : — v. i., to run gently. Ooz'ing, p. prs. *Oo-zy (66'ze), a. [oozier — ooz- iest.] Miry, muddy. *0-pac-i-ty (6-pas'seHe), n. State of being opaque ; cloudiness, 0-pal (6'pal), n. A precious stone of changeable colors. O-pal-es-cence ( v d-pal-eyse i nse), n. A shining like opal. *0-pal-es-cent (^o-pal-eysSnt), a. Resembling opal in lustre. O-pal-ine (d'parin), a. Like opal. O-pake | (6-pake'), a. Dark ; *0-paque J not transparent. O-pake-ness J (d-pake'n&s), n. *0-paque-ness J Darkness; the state of being opaque. Ope (6p), v. t. To open. O'ping, p. prs. O-pen (o'pn), v. t. To unclose ,• to unlock ; to disclose ; to begin : — v. i., to unclose itself; to be parted; to begin: — a., unclosed; apparent; sincere; willing to hear; candid; exposed. 0'pen x ing, p. prs. : — n. } aperture ; breach; dawn. O-pen-hand-ed (7>-pn-hand'e ! d), a. Generous, liberal. 354 O-pen-heart-ed (N^-pn-hart'ed), a. Generous, candid, honest. O-pen-ly (6'pn x le), ad. Publicly, plainly, frankly. *0-pen-ness (6'pn x n^s), n. Plain- ness, clearness, frankness. Op-er-a (6p'eYa), n. A musical drama. Op-er-ant (6p'eVant), a. Having power to act : — n., one who operates. Op-er-ate (&p'eVate), v. i. To act; to have agency; to produce effects ; in Surgery, to apply in- struments to the human body. (ap. p.— on.) [57-21.] [185-21.] Op'er x a-ting, p. pre. Op-e-rat-ic ( v 6p-e-rat'ik), a. Per- taining to the opera. Op-er-a-tion ( x 6p-er-a'shun), n. Agency ; production of effects ; influence; effort; action; in Sur- gery, the application of instru- ments to the human body. Op-er-a-tive (ftp'eVa-tlv), a. Hav- ing power to operate. *Op-er-a-tor (6p'eVa-tur), n. One who operates. [149-2.] Op-er-ose ( v 6p-er-6se'), a. Labo- rious, tedious. *Oph-id-i-an (6f-id'e x an), a. Re- lating to serpents. *Oph-i-ol-o-gy ( v 6f-e-61'l6 v je), n. The natural history of serpents. Oph-thal-mi-a (6p-^al'rni x a or 6f-*Aal'me x a), n. Ophthalmy. Oph-thal-mic (Sp-^al'inik or 6f- th&Vmlk), a. Relating to the eye. *Oph-thal-my (6p-thkYme or 6f- tfAal'me), n. A disease of the eyes. *0-pi-ate (d'pelt), n. A medicine that causes sleep: — a., causing sleep; soporific. O-pine (6-pine'), v. i. To think. O-pi'ning, p. prs. *0-pin-i-a-tive (6-pin'ye^a-tlv), a. Stiff in opinion. O-pin-ion (6-pln'yun), n. Persua- sion of the mind without proof; judgment; notion; estimate. O-pin-ion-a-ted (6-pin'yun x a-tecl), a. Attached to certain opinions. *0-pin-ion-a-tive (d-pln'yun x a- tiv), a. Stiff in opinion. O-pin-ion-ed (6-pin'yund), a. At- tached to certain opinions. O-pin-ion-ist (6-pin'yunlst), n. One fond of his own notions. *0-pi-um (d'pe'um), n. The juico of the white poppy. -n"°"T; D ^l(V6-), n. A kind of sacred drama, generally taken from the Scriptures, and set to music. ^r-a-to'ri^os, n. pi. Or-a-tor-y (&r'a N tur-re), n. Elo- quence, rhetorical skill; a pri- vate place allotted for prayer. [254-19.] Or'a^tor-ies, n. pi. Or-a-tress (dr'aVr^s), ) Or-a-trix (&r'a N triks), J n% A female declaimer. OrVtress-es, ) 7 OrVtrix-es, \ n 'P L Orb (6rb), n. A round body; a sphere; a globe: a wheel; a circle [36-26] :— v. t., to form into a globe or a circle. Or-bate (or'bit), a. Bereaved ; childless, parentless. Or-bed (6r'bed or 6rbd), p. prf.i — a., round, circular, orbicular. Or-bic-u-lar (6r-bik'u N lar), a. Circular, spherical. Or-bic-u-la-tion (dVbik-u-la'- shiin), n. State of being orbed. Or-bit (6r'bit), n. The line de- scribed by the revolution of a plan- et ; the cavity of the eye. [182-7.] Or-bi-tal (6r'be x tal), a. Relating to an orbit. *Or-chard (6r / tshurd), n. A gar- den of fruit-trees. Or-chard-ist (dr'tshurdlst), n. A cultivator of orchards. *Or-ches-tra (cVkeVtra or 6r- keVtra), n. A part of the theatre appropriated to the musicians ; a body of musicians. -Or-ches-tral (6r'keVtral), a. Pertaining to an orchestra. Or-dain (or-dane'). v. t. To ap- point; to decree; to establish; to invest with sacerdotal power ; to institute. [57-21.] [177-13.] *Or-de-al (dr'deNil), n. A trial by fire or water ; any severe test. Or-der (6r'dur), n. Method, regu- larity ; mandate ; rule ; regular government; a rank or class ; a fraternity ; a system of architec- ture [68-35] : — v. t., to regulate ; to manage; to adjust; to com- mand; to direct: — v. i., to give command or direction. Or-der-less (dVdurHes), a. With- out order, disorderly. Or-der-li-ness (or'dur^e-ne's), n. Regularity, method. 355 ORG ORI Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met— pine, pin — n6, m6ve, ORP Or-der-ly (6r'dur v le), a. Method- ical; systematic; well regulated : — ad., methodically, regularly; according to rule. Or'ders, n. pi. The Christian min- istry, or admission to it. Or-di-nal (or'd^nal), a. Noting order : — n., a ritual, a book con taining orders ; a number noting order ; as, VI. or sixth. #Or-di-nance (6r'de N nanse), n. A law, rule, decree; rite. *Or-Di-na-ri-ly (dr'de^na-reHe), ad. According to established rules and methods ; commonly, usually. Or-di-na-ry (6r'de x na-re), a. Es- tablished, methodical, regular ; common, usual ; mean, plain [56-17] [289-10] :— n., an estab- lished judge of ecclesiastical causes; settled establishment ; a place where ships are laid up ; a regular meal at a fixed price; an eating-house. *Or'di n na-ries, n. pi. Or-di-nate (drMe^nlt), a. Regular, methodical: — n., a line drawn from the curve of an ellipse per- pendicular ta an axis. Or-di-na-tion (Mr-de-na'shun), n. Established order or tendency ; the act of ordaining, or of confer- ring holy orders. *Ord-nance (drd'nanse), n. Can- non, great guns, heavy artillery. *Or-don-nance (6Vdun x nanse), n. Disposition of figures in a picture. Or-dure (dr'jure), n. Filth. Ore (6r), n. Metal unrefined or in its fossil state. [139-6.] 0-re-ad (6're x ad), n. A nymph of the mountains. Or-gan (6r'gan), n. Natural in- strument; a keyed musical in- strument; a newspaper. [57.] Or-gan-ic (dr-gan'ik), ) Or-gan-i-cal (6r-gan'e x kal), j a * Instrumental ; respecting or- gans ; acting as an instrument. 356 Or-gan-i-cal-ly (dr-gan'e^kal-le), ad. By means of organs ; in the structure of organs. Or-gan-ism (6r'ganlzm), n. An organic structure. Or-gan-ist (6r'gan N ist), n. One who plays on the organ. Or-ga-ni-za-tion (Mr-ga-ne-za'- shun), ft. Construction in which the parts are subservient to each other; structure, form. [141-10.] Or-ga-nize (6r'ga N nize), v. t. To construct organically; to form properly, or with organs. Or'ga n ni-zing, p. 2>rs. Or-gan-Loft (dr'gan'loft), n. The loft where the organ stands. *Or-gasm (dr'gazni), n. Sudden vehemence, excessive excitement. *Or-geat (6r'zhat), n. A liquor extracted from barley and al- monds. *Or-gies (dr'jeze), n. pi. Frantic revels ; drunken revelry. *0-ri-el (6're v el), n. A room or recess next a hall; a kind of projecting window. *0-ri-ent (O're^ent), a. Rising as the sun ; Eastern : — n., the East. O-ri-en-tal (V>-re-en'tal), a. East- ern [226-26] : — n., an inhabitant of the eastern parts of the world. 0-ri-en-tal-ism ( N 6-re-en'ta.rizm), n. An Eastern idiom or doctrine. O-ri-en-tal-ist (Ni-re-eVtarist), n. One versed in Oriental learning. Or-i-fice (6r'e v fis), n. Any open- ing or perforation ; a mouth. Or-i-gin (6r'e N jln), n. The begin- ning, first existence; fountain; a source. [264.] O-rig-i-nal (6-rlj'e x nal), a. Primi- tive; pristine; first; having new ideas [79-4] [355-12] :—n., the source ; the first copy ; the arche- type; an ingenious or singular person. O-rig-i-nal-i-ty (6Vij-6-nal'leHe), n. State of being original ; inven- i tion; genius. [86-39.] O'rig-i-nalVties, 11. pi. O-rig-i-nal-ly (6-rij'e v nal-l£), ad. Primarily, at first. O-rig-i-nate (o-rij'e v nate), v. t To bring into existence; to cause to be : — v. ?"., to take origin. 0-rig'i v na-ting, p. prs. O-rig-i-na-tion (6Vij-e-na'shun), n. The act of bringing, or of coming, into existence. O-rig-i-na-tor (6-rij'e v na-tur), n. One who originates. *0-ri-ole (6're x 61e), n. A genus of birds. O-Ri-ON^'rrun), n. A constellation. *Or-i-son (6r'e x zun), n. A prayer, a supplication. [117-26.] Or-lop (6r'lop), n. The lowest deck of a ship. Or-na-ment (6r'na x ment), n. Em- bellishment, decoration. Or-na-ment f6r-na-ment'), v, t. To embellish; to adorn. Or-na-ment-al ( x 6r-na-me ! nt'al), a. Giving embellishment. Or-na-ment-al-ly fdr-na-ment'- aPle), ad. So as to embellish. Or-na-men-ta-tion por-na-men- ta'shun), n. Embellishment. Or-nate (Sr'nate), a. Bedecked, decorated, fine. [136-37.] Or-ni-thol-o-gist ( N or-ne-^61'd- x jlst), ?i. One versed in the science of birds. Or-ni-thol-o-gy ( > 6r-ne-^61'6 > j^), n. The natural history of birds; a book on ornithology. x Or-ni-thol'o x gies, n. pi. Or-phan (dr'fan), n. A child who has lost one or both parents : — a., bereft of parents. Or-phan-age (dr'fanlje), n. The state of an orphan. Or-phe-an (6r'fe v an), j a. Per- Or-phic (dr'fik), j taining to Orpheus. Or-phe-us (oralis), n. In MyikoU oyy, a very skilful musician. *Or-pi-ment (6r'pe v ment), n. A t kind of mineral, yellow arsenic. osc OTA n8r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611— pMnd- -*Mn, this. OUR *Or-rer-y (6r'rerVe), n. An as- tronomical instrument to repre- sent the motions of the planets. Or'rer v ies, n. pi. OR-Ris(6r'rls),n.The Florentine iris. Or-tho-dox (dr'thfrdbks), a. Sound in opinion and doctrine. OR-THO-t>ox-LY(6r / ^oM6ks-le) ; a^. With soundness of opinion. Or-tho-dox-y (dr J thb s dt>ks-&), n. Soundness in biblical doctrine. Or-tho-drom-ics (Mr-^6-dr6m'- iks), n. pi. Art of sailing in a straight course. *Or-tho-ep-i-cal ( x 5r-fAo-ep'e- v kal), a. Pertaining to orthoepy. *Or-tho-e-pist (6r'^6-e x plst), n. One versed in orthoepy. Or-tho-e-py (6r'^6-e x pe), n. The proper pronunciation of words. Or-thog-ra-pher (6r-*Aog'gra- v fur), n. An orthographist. Or-thog-ra-phist (dr-tfA&g'gra- x fist), n. One who spells words correctly. OR-THO-GRAPH-I-CAL( V Sr-*A6-graf & y kal), a. Relating to orthog raphy; correctly spelled. Or-tho-graph-i-cal-ly Qbr-thb grafe x kal-le), ad. According to the rules of spelling. *Or-thog-ra-phy (6r-^6g'gra x fe), ». The art or practice of spelling ; in Grammar, the part which treats of spelling ; spelling j the representation of the vertical sec- tion of a building. Or-thog'ra x phies, n. pi. *Or-tive (dr'tiv), a. Relating to the rising of a planet ; eastern. *Os-cil-late (6s'sii x late), v. t. To swing; to vibrate. Os'dL X LA-TING, p. pr8. Os-cil-la-tion ( x 6s-sil-la'shun), n. The act of moving like a pendu- lum; vibration. *Os-cil-la-tor-y (6s'sll-laHur-re) a. Moving like a pendulum. #Os-cu-la-tion ( v 6s-ku-la'shun), w. Touch ; a kissing. -0-sier (6'zhur), n. A tree of the willow kind: — a., made of osier. Os-mi-um (6z'me x um), n. A metal. Os-se-ous (6sh'e x ds or os'se'us), a. Bony. [bone. *Os-sic-le (6s'sik x kl), n. A small Os-si-Fi-cA-TioN(^6s-se-fe-ka / shun) ii. Change into bone. *Os-si-fy (6s'se v fl), v. t. [pre. t. 3, ossifies.] To change to bone : — v. i., to become bone. Os'siVi-ed, p. prf. *Os-siv-o-rous (6s-slv / 6Vus), a. Eating bones. *Os-ten-si-ble (os-ten'se^bl), a. Apparent, seeming, not real. *Os-ten-si-bly ^s-ten's^ble), ad. In appearance; plausibly. Os-TEN-siVE(6s-ten / siv)a.Showing. Os-TEN-TA-TiON( x 6s-ten-ta'shun), n. Outward show ; ambitious dis- play; parade. [383-27.] *Os-TEN-TA-Tious( x 6s-ten-ta , shus), a. Boastful, vain, fond of show. [83-15.] [163-13.] Os-ten-ta-tious-ly ( v 6s-ten-ta'- shus v le), ad. Vainly, boastingly. Os-ten-ta-tious-ness (N^s-ten-tit/- shus x nes), n. Vanity ; show ; ostentation. 0s-TE-OL-o-GiSTf&s-te-&lWjlst),n. One versed in osteology. *Os-te-ol-o-gy ('Ss-te-ol'^^e), ». A description of the bones. *Os-ti-a-ry (6s'te r a-r£), n. The mouth of a river. Ost-ler. See hostler. Os-tra-cism (6s'tra x slzm), n. In Ancient Greece, a mode of ban- ishment by votes on shells. *Os-tra-cize (&s'tra x size), v. t. To banish; to exclude from society unjustly, by popular outcry. Os'tra v ci-zing, p. prs. *Os-trich (ds'tritsh), n. The larg- est of birds. Os'trich'es, n. pi. *Ot-a-cous-tic ( v 6t-a-kdus'tlk), n. An instrument to assist the hearing. Oth-er (uTB/ur), a. Not the same, different; not this. (cor. c. — than : — ap. p. — besides.) yj%§" Other, another, and oxs are often used substantively. When so used, they are de- clined like nouns, and some grammarians parse them as such. The declension of an- other is limited to the sin- gular number. Oth-er-wise (uTH'urVize), ad. In a different manner ; in other re- spects; by other causes, (cor. c. — than.) ^Ot-tar (&t'tur), | n. The essen- Ot-to (6t't6), j tialoil of roses. Ot-ter (6t'tur), n. An amphibious animal. Ot-to-man (6t't6 x man), n. A native of Turkey; a small, stuffed stool or seat: — a., Turkish. Ot'to v mans, n. pi. * Ought (awt), v. i. [ought — de- fective.'] To be obliged by duty; to be fit; to be necessary. j^S^ Many grammarians main- tain that ought has a past signification. Ounce (dunse), n. A lynx ; the twelfth part of an apothecaries' or troy pound, containing 480 grains troy ; the sixteenth part of an avoirdupois pound, con- taining 437.5 grains troy : — see FLUIDOUNCE. Our (our), pro. or a. Belonging to us : — a plural and possessive form of I, used before the name of that which is possessed ; as, this is our house : — see her and ours. Ours (Mrz), pro. Belonging to us : — a plural possessive form of I, used after the name of that which is possessed; as, this house is ours : — see our. Our-self (dur-self'),£>ro. Myself; I or me, with emphasis : — ?ee ourselves. 357 OUT OUT Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mel — pine, pin— -n6, m6ve, OUT Our-selves (6ur-selvz'), pro. We or us, with emphasis. j^r* Ourselves and ourself are plural forms of myself, and are similar in use to her- self, which see. Ourselves expresses a plural, and our- self a singular, idea; but, when used in the nominative case, they both require a plural verb. Ourself is used by sovereigns and others in place of MYSELF. *Oust (oust), v. t. To vacate; to take away j to dispossess. Out (6ut), ad. Not within ; not at home, abroad; in a state of ex-. tinction ; loudly ; at a loss : — a. [outer or utter — outmost or UTMOST, OUTERMOST Or UTTER- MOST], exterior : — opposed to in (formative adjective) ; as, outside. Out-act (diit-akf), v. t. To do beyond. Out-bade', pst. t. of outbid. Out-bal-ance (Mt-bal'lanse), v, t. To overweigh. *Out-bal' anting, p. prs. Out-bid (6ut-bid'), v. t. [outbid, OUTBADE — OUTBIDDEN, OUTBID.] To overpower by bidding. *Out-bid'ding, p. prs. Out-bound (dut'bdund), a. Sail- ing from a home port. Out-brave (6iit-brave'), v. t. To bear down by insolence. Out-bra' ving, p. prs. Out-break (dut'brake), n, A riot; a breaking forth. Out-burst (6ut'burst), n. An ex- plosion ; a bursting forth. Out-cast (dut'kast), n. An exile, one expelled : — a., cast out ; expelled; banished. Out-crop (6ut'kr6p), n. In Geol- ogy, the exposure of strata at the surface of the earth. Out-cry (6ut'krl), n. A cry of ve- hemence or of distress; clamor. Out'cries, n. pi. 358 Out-do (6dt-dS6'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, OUTDOES.] [OUTDID OUTDONE.] To excel ; to surpass ; to exceed. Out-door (dut'ddre), a. Being out of the house. Out-doors (Mt-d6rz'), ad. Out of the house. Out-er (dut'iir), a. com. of out. Out-er-most (out'ur'mdst), a. sup. of OUT. Out-face (Mt-fase'), v. t. To stare down. Out-fa'cing, p. prs. Out-fall (o&t'fal), n, A water- fall; a quarrel. Out-fit (6tit'fit), n. Equipment for a voyage or journey. *Out-flank (Mt-flank'), v. t. To extend the wing or flank of one army beyond that of another. Out-gate (Mt'gate), n. An outlet. *Out-gen-er-al (6ut-jen'ur x al), v. t. To gain advantage by su- perior military skill. Out-gen'er x al-ing, } *Out-gen'er n al-ling, J &' P r8t Out-gen'er v al-ed, I /. *OuT-GEN'eR* ALL-ED, J &' ^^ Out-go (6iit-g6'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, OUTGOES.] [OUTWENT — OUTGONE.] To excel; to surpass; to leave behind in going. Out-grow (diit-gro'), v. t. [out- grew — outgrown.] To surpass in growth. *Out-her-od (6ut-heV6d), v. t. To exceed in cruelty. Out-house (out'hduse), n. A small building away from the main house. Out-hous-es (6ut'h6uz v iz), n. pi. Out-land-ish (Mt-land'ish), a. Foreign ; strange. Out-last (ddt-last'), v. t. To sur- pass in duration. Out-law (6iit'law), n. One ex- cluded from the benefit of the law ; a plunderer : — v. L, to de- prive of the benefits and protec- tion of the law. #Out-law-ry (6ut'lawVe), n. A decree by which a person is de- prived of the protection of law. Out'law v ries, n, pi. Out-lay (6ut'la), n. Sum expended. Out-leap (6ut-leep'), v. t. [out- leaped Or OUTLEAPT — OUT- LEAPED or outleapt.] To pass by leaping : — to., sally, escape. Out-let (ddt'lSt), n. A passage outwards. Out-line (Mt'line), n. Contour; sketch ; exterior line of a figure. Out-live (6ut-liv'), v. t. To sur- vive ; to live longer than. Out-liv'ing, p. prs. Out-look (6ut-luk'), v. t. To face down. Out-ly-ing (Sut-lilng), a. Lying at a distance. Out-march (6ut-martsh'), v. t, [prs. t. 3, outmarches.] To leave behind in marching. Out-meas-ure (6iit-m§zh / ure), v, t. To exceed in measure. *0UT-MEAS'U N RING, p. prs. Outmost, a. sup. of out. Out-num-ber (dut-num'bur), v, t. To exceed in number. Out-par-ish (6ut'par v ish), ». A parish outside of a town. *Out'par x ish-es, n.pl. Out-post (6ut'pdst), n, A station placed at a distance from the main body of an army. * Out-pour (ddt-p&re'), v. t. To effuse ; to pour out. Out-rage (Mt'raje), v. t. To in- jure violently, to insult roughly : — n., insult,offense,open violence. Out'ra n ging, p. prs. -Out-ra-geous (Mt-ra'jus), a. Violent, atrocious; exorbitant. Out-ra-geous-ly ^ut-ra'jusHe), ad. Violently, atrociously. Out-ra-geous-ness (oiit-ra'jus- x nes), n. Fury, violence. Ou-tre (66-tra'), «• Out of the common limits ; extravagant. Out-ran', pst, t. of outrun. OUT OVE nSr, nSt— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, this. OVE Out-reach (dut-reetsh')j v. t. [prs. t. 3, outreaches.] To go beyond. Out-ride (dut-ride'), v. t. [out- rode — outridden or outrode.] To ride faster than: — v. i., to travel about. Out-ri'ding, p. prs. Out-ri-der (diit-ri'dur), n. An attending servant on horseback. *Out-right (6iit-rite'), ad. Imme- diately, at once; completely. Out-run ( out-run' ), v. t. [outran or outrun — outrun.] To leave behind in running ; to exceed. Out-run'ning, p. prs. Out-sail (6ut-sale'), v. t. To leave behind in sailing. Out-sell (dut-sel'), v.t. [outsold — outsold.] To exceed in selling. Out-set (oiit'set), n. First attempt, beginning. Out-shine (6ut-shlne'), v. t. [out- SHINED Or OUTSHONE — OUT- shined or outshone.] To excel in lustre. Out-shi'ning, p. prs. Out-side (6ut'side), n. Superficies, surface, external part. Out-skirt (6iit'sklrt), n. Border; a suburb. Out-sold', pst. t. and p. prf. of OUTSELL. * Out-spread (6ut-spr^d r ), v. t. [OUTSPREAD — OUTSPREAD.] To extend; to diffuse. Out-stand-ing (6ut-stand'lng), a. Unpaid, uncollected. Out-stretch (diit-strStsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, OUTSTRETCHES.] To extend ; to spread out, expand. Out-strip (diit-strip'), v. t. To leave behind ; to surpass ; to go beyond. Out-strip'ping, p. prs. *OUT-STRIP'PED, p. prf. *Out-talk (6iit-tawk'), v. t. To exceed or overpower in talking. Out- vie (6ut-vi'), v. t. To exceed, to surpass. [189-6.] *Out-vy'ing, p. prs. Out- vote (6ut-v6te'), v. t. To ex ceed in the number of votes. Out-vo'ting, p. prs. Out-walk (6iit-wawk'), v. t. To leave behind in walking. Out-wall (6ut'wal), n. A wall on the outside. Out-ward (6ut'wurd), a. Exter- nal, not inward ; visible ; outer : — ad., to foreign parts; towards the outside. Out-ward-ly (Mt'wurd'le), ad Not sincerely ; externally. Out-wards (Mt'wurdz), ad. To wards the outside, outward. Out-watch (Mt-w6tsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, outwatches.] To exceed in watching. *Out-wear (6iit-ware'), v. t. [out- wore — outworn.] To exceed in wearing; to wear longer than. Out-weigh (Mt-wa'), v. t. To ex- ceed in weight or importance. Out-went', pst. t. of outgo. Out-wit (dut-wit'), v. t. To over- come by stratagem ; to overreach. *Out-wit'ting, p. prs. Out-wit'ted, p. prf. Out-work (Mt'wurk), n. The parts of a fortification next the enemy ; an exterior work. 0-val (d'vul), a. Shaped like an egg: — n. y that which has the shape of an egg. ~*0-va-ri-ous (d-va/re'us), a. Con- sisting of eggs. 0-VA-Ri-UM(6-va/re x um)w. An ovary, O-va'ri^a, n. pi. 0-va-ry (6'vaVe), n. That part of an animal in which eggs are formed; that part of a plant which encloses the seeds. O'va^ries, n. pi. 0-vate (6'vate), a. Egg-shaped. O-va-tion (6-va'shun), n. A less triumph among the Romans; a public honor given to some dis- tinguished man. Ov-en (uv'vn), n. An arched cavity for baking. O-ver (b'v&r),prp. Above; across: — ad., above the top; more than; from side to side; from one to another; from a country beyond the sea; on the surface; com- pletely; throughout; with repe- tition ; another time; in a great degree ; in too great a quantity : — a. [defective — overmost], up- per; past. O-VER-ACT (7>-vur-akf), v. t. To act more than enough. 0-ver-alls (6'vur x allz), n. pi. A kind of loose trowsers. 0-ver-awe ( N d-vur-aw'), v. t. To restrain by awe ; to terrify. n O-ver-aw'ing, p. prs. ^O-VER-BADe', pst. t. Of OVERBID. O-VER-BAL-ANCE (6'vur v bal-lanse), n. Something more than an equivalent; excess. O-VER-BAL-ANCE(NS-vur-bal'lanse), v. t. To weigh down; to exceed in weight ; to preponderate. -^O-ver-bal'an^ing, p. prs. O-ver-bear (V>-vur-bare'), v. t. [OVERBORE OVERBORNE.] To repress; to subdue or overpower. 0-ver-bid ( N 6-vur-bld')> v. t. [over- bid Or OVERBADE OVERBIDDEN or overbid.] To offer more than equivalent; to bid more than another. *Over-bid'ding, p. prs. O-ver-blow (V>-vur-bld'), v. t. [overblew or overblowed — OVERBLOWN Or OVERBLOWED.] To drive away as clouds before the wind. O-ver-board (6'vui ,v b6rd), ad. Off, or out of, the ship. I a O-ver-bore', pst. t. of overbear. " '0-VER-B0RNE / ,jL> v p>/.0f0VERBEAR. 0-VER-BUR-DEN( N 6-vur-bur'dn),v.£. To load with too great a weight. N 0-VER-CAME', pst. t. Of OVERCOME. O-VER-CAST ('6-vur-kast'), v. t. [OVERCAST — OVERCAST.] To cloud ; to darken ; to sew over : — a., cloudy, obscured. 359 OVE Fate, far, fail, fat- OVE -me, ui^t— •pine, pin — n6, m5ve, OVE O-ver-charge (6'vur v tsharje), n. Too great a charge; an exces- sive load. O-ver-charge ( x 6-vur-tsharje'), v. t. To oppress; to rate too high ; to load to excess. * n O-ver-char'ging, p. prs. O-ver-cloud ( x 6-vi\r-klMd')> v. t. To cover with clouds. 0-ver-come (7>-vur-kum'), v. t. [overcame — overcome.] To conquer; to subdue; to get the better of : — v. %., to be victorious. * v Over-com'ing, p. prs. *0-ver-do (V>-viir-d66'), v. t.orv.i. [prs. t. 3, ^overdoes.] [over- did — * overdone.] To do more than enough ; to carry to excess. O-ver-dose (d'vuVdose), n. Too great a dose. O-ver-draw (^o-vur-draw'), v. t. [OVERDREW — OVERDRAWN.] To draw too much ; to draw orders in excess on an amount credited. O-ver-drive f6-vur-drlve'), v. t. [OVERDROVE OVERDRIVEN.] To drive beyond strength. r O-VER-DRl' VING, p. pr8. *0-ver-due ( v 6-vur-du/), a. Past the time of being due. O-ver-fall (d'vur^fal), n. A cat- aract. O-ver-feed ('6-vur-fe£d'), v. t. [overfed — overfed.] To feed to excess. O-ver-flow (6 r vur v fl6), n. Inun- dation, deluge; exuberance. O-ver-flow (V>-vur-fl6'), v. t. To fill beyond the brim; to deluge: — v. i., to flow over; to abound. Y)-VER-FLOW'lNG, p. pr8. '. fl., CO- piousness, exuberance. 70t* Overflown (p. prf. of overfly) is sometimes im- properly used for overflowed (p. prf. of overflow). O-ver-go ( x 6-vur-go'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, overgoes.] [overwent — overgone.] To surpass; to go beyond ; to excel. 360 O-ver-grow ( x 6-vur-grd'), v. t. [OVERGREW — OVERGROWN.] To cover with growth ; to grow above : — v. i., to grow beyond the fit or natural size. O-ver-growth (6'vur x gr6^), n. Exuberant growth ; an over- shadowing growth. 0-ver-hang fd-vur-hang'), v. t. [overhung or overhanged — OVERHUNG Or OVERHANGED.] To project or hang over. 0-ver-haul (V>-vur-hawl'), v. t. To examine; to overtake. 0-ver-head ( x 6-vur-hed'), ad. In the zenith ; aloft, above. 0-ver-hear ( y 6-vur-heer'), v. t. [OVERHEARD — OVERHEARD.] To hear by accident or privately. 0-ver-heat ( v 6-vur-heet ; ), v. t. [overheated or overhet — OVERHEATED Or OVERHET.] To heat to excess. O-ver-joy (6'vurj5&), n. Trans- port, ecstacy, delight. O-ver-joy ( x 6-vur-j6e'), v. t. To transport; to delight. n O-ver-laid', pst. t. and p. prf. of overlay. x O-ver-lain', p. prf. of overlie. O-ver-land (6'vur N land), a. Car- ried, or leading, by land. 0-ver-lay ( x 6-vur-la'), v. t. [over- laid Or OVERLAYED — OVERLAID or overlayed.] To oppress by too much weight or power ; to smother; to crush; to spread over : — 2 )Si - t. of overlie. ^O-ver-lay'ing, p. prs. : — n., a su- perficial covering. 0-ver-leap (Y>-vur-leep r ), v. t. [overleaped or overleapt — OVERLEAPED Or OVERLEAPT.] To pass by a jump; to leap over. 0-ver-leath-er (6' vur'ieffr-ur), n. The part of a shoe which covers the foot. O-ver-lie ( v 6-vur-ll'), v. t. [over- lay — overlain.] To lie upon or over. ^O-ver-ly'ing, p. prs. O-ver-load ('6-vur-16de'), v. t. To burden with too much. O-ver-look (V>-vur-l66k'), v. t. To view from a higher place; to pe- ruse ; to neglect ; to pass over without notice ; to excuse. O-ver-mas-ter ( x 6-vur-inas'tur), v. t. To subdue ; to conquer. O-ver-match (6'vur v matsh), n. One of superior powers or strength. O'VER^MATCH-ES, U. pi. O-ver-match ( v o-vur-matsh/), v. t. [prs. t. 3, overmatches.] To prove too powerful for. O-ver-most (6'vur N ni6st), a. [sup. of over.] Uppermost. O-ver-much (Y>-vur-mutsh'), a. Too much, more than enough: — ■ ad., in too great a degree. O-ver-night (Y>-vur-nlte'), n. The night before; bedtime : — ad., during the night. x O-ver-paid', pst. t. and p. prf. of OVERPAY. 0-ver-pass ( x 6-vur-pas'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, OVERPASSES.] [OVER- PASSED Or OVERPAST — OVER- PASSED or overpast.] To over- look, to omit; to pass over. O-ver-pay (V>-vur-pa'), v. t. [over- paid Or OVERPAYED — OVERPAID or overpayed.] To reward be- yond the price; to pay beyond wages or indebtedness. 0-ver-plus (6'vur^plus), n. What remains, surplus. 0'ver n plus-es, n. pi. O-ver-poise ( v 6-vur-p6ize'), v, t. To outweigh. ^O-ver-pois'ing, p. prs. O-ver-pow-er ( x 6-vur-p6u'ur), v. t. To oppress by superiority; to bear down by force. O-ver-press ( x 6-vur-preV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, overpresses.] To crush ; to overwhelm. 0-ver-prize (V>-vur-prize'), v. U To value at too high a price. v O-VER-PRi r ziNG, p. prs. OVE OVE n6r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— dil — p6und — th'm, THis. OVE O-ver-rate f6-vur-rate'), v. t. To rate too high or at too much. ^O-ver-ra'ting, p. prs. X 0-VER-RAN', pst. t. Of OVERRUN. 0-ver-reach ( v 6-vur-re£tsh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, OVERREACHES.] To deceive ; to go beyond. 0-vER-Rn>E(V)-vur-rlde')v.£. [over- rode — overridden or over- rode.] To ride too much; to ride over. ^O-ver-ri'ding, p. prs. *0-ver-ripe (^6-vAr-ripe'), a. Too ripe. v O-ver-rode', psU t. and p. prf. of OVERRIDE. O-ver-rule (V>-vur-r6Sl'), v. t. To superintend; to influence with predominant power; to control; to set aside; to reject. * n O-ver-ru'ling, p. prs. O-ver-rul-er ( N 6-vur-rul'ur), n. One who overrules. *0-ver-run (V>-vur-run r ), v. t. [OVERRAN Or OVERRUN — OVER- RUN.] To harass by incursions ; to ravage; to exceed; to over- spread: — v. %., to overflow; to run over. ^O-ver-run'ning, p. prs. *0-ver-sea (6'vur N see or V>-vur- see'), a. From beyond the sea. *0-ver-see ( x 6-vur-see'), v. t. [oversaw — overseen.] To su- perintend. O-ver-se-er ("6-vur-se'ur), n. One who overlooks, a supervisor; a superintendent. O-ver-set (V>-vur-se ! t'), v. t. [over- set — overset.] To turn the bottom upwards; to overturn: — v. i.f to be overturned; to fall over. * N 0-VER-SET / TING, p. pr8. O-ver-shade ('6-vur-shade'), v. t. To cover with darkness. ^O-ver-sha'ding, p. prs. O-ver-shad-ow ( N 6-vur-shad'd6), v. t. To throw a shadow over : to shelter. [132-18.] O-ver-shoot ( v 6-vur-sh66t')> v. t. [overshot — overshot.] To fly beyond the mark: — v. i. f to carry too far. O-ver-shot-Wheel (6'vur N sh6t- hweel / ), n. A water-wheel which receives the current of water on top. O-VER- sight (6'vur^site), n. Mis- take, error ; superintendence ; inspection. O-ver-sleep (V>-vur-sleep')> v. t. or v. i. [overslept or over- sleeped — overslept or over- sleeped.] To sleep too long. O-ver-spread (^o-vur-spre'd') v. t. [OVERSPREAD — OVERSPREAD.] To cover over : — v. i., to be scat- tered over. O-ver-state (V>-vur-state'), v. t. To state too forcibly ; to exag- gerate. v O-ver-sta'ting, p. prs. O-ver-step (V>-vur-stepO, v. t. To step over; to go beyond the bounds of propriety. N 0-VER-STEP'PING, p. prs. n O-ver-step'ped, p. prf. 0-VER-STOCK (V>-vur-st6k r ), v. t. To crowd; to supply more than is wanted. 0-ver-stock (6'vur x st6k), n. Too great a stock ; a superfluity. O-ver-strain (V)-vur-strane'), v. t. To stretch too far. 0-vert (6'vert), a. Open, public, apparent. O-ver-take (^-vur-take'), v. t. [OVERTOOK — OVERTAKEN.] To come up to something going before. x O-ver-ta'king, p. prs. O-ver-task (V>-vur-task'), v. t. To task too much. O-ver-tax (7>-vur-taks')> v. t. [prs. t. 3, overtaxes.] To tax at too high a rate. O-ver-tax (6'vurHaks), n. Too high a tax. O'ver^tax-es, n. pi. 31 ^-VER-THREW^^.f.ofOVERTHROW. O-ver-throw (o'vur v *&r6), n. State of being overthrown ; ruin ; de- fect; subversion. O-ver-throw ( x 6-vur-^r6')> v. U [overthrew or overthrowed — overthrown or overthrowed.] To turn upside down ; to demol- ish; to defeat; to destroy; to subvert. 0-vert-ly (6'vert x l£), ad. Pub- licly, openly. v O-ver-took', pst. t. of overtake. O-ver-top (V>-vur-t6p'), v. t. To rise above; to obscure; to sur- pass; to excel. v O-ver-top'ping, p. prs. * N 0-VER-TOP'PED, p. prf. 0-ver-trade ( x 6-vur-trade'), v. i. To trade too much, or beyond one's capital or means. v O-ver-tra'ding, p. prs. 0-ver-trust (Y>-vur-trust')> v. U To trust too much. 0-ver-ture (6'vurHshure), n. An opening, disclosure ; proposal ; an introductory piece of music. 0-ver-turn ( x 6-vur-turn'), v. t. To throw down ; to ruin ; to over- power ; to destroy. 0-ver-turn (6'vur x turn), n. An overthrow ; ruin ; fall ; sub- version. 0-ver-turn-er f 6-vur-turn'ur), n. One who overturns. O-ver-val-ue ( N 6-vur-val'u), v. t. To rate at too high a price. ^O-ver-val'u^ing, p. prs. O-ver-veil ('6-vur-vale'), v. t. To cover. O-VER-wATCH (V>-vur-w6tsh'), v. U or v. i. To watch over. 0-VER-WEEN-iNG( N 6-viir-ween'lng), a. Vain, arrogant, conceited. 0-VER-WEEN-iNG-LY( x 6-vur-ween'- ing v le), ad. In an overweening manner. O-VER- weigh ( v 6-vur-wa r ), v. t. To preponderate; to weigh more than. 361 OWL OXY Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, ozo O-ver-weight (6'vurVate), n. A preponderance. N 0-VER-WENT', pst. t. Of OVERGO. O-ver-whelm ( v 6-vur-hwelnr / ), v. t. To immerse and bear down, as a fluid ; to crush ; to overpower. [54-26.] [222-23.] O-VER-WHELM-ING-LY (Y>-VUr- hwelnrlng^le), ad. So as to overwhelm. O-ver-wise (V)-vur-wlze')> a. Con- ceited, wise to affectation. O-ver-work ( N 6-vur-wurk'), v. t. [overworked or overwrought OVERWORKED Or OVER- WROUGHT.] To cause to labor too much; to injure by labor. O-ver-work (6'vur x wurk), n. Work beyond the stipulated time or amount. O-ver-zeal-ous (^6-vur-zel'lus), a. Too zealous. 0-vic-u-lar (6-vlk'ular), a. Per- taining to an egg. O-vi-form (6'veY6rm), a. Having the shape of an egg, oval. O-vine (6'vlne), a. Pertaining to *0-vip-a-rous (6-vlp'aVus), Bringing forth eggs. O-void (6'vSld), | a. Formed 0-void-al (6-v61d'al), J like an *&& egg-shaped. O-vum (6'viim), n. [pi. ova.] An egg. Owe (o), v. t. To be indebted to ; to be obliged for. Ow'ing, p. prs. Owl (6ul), n. A bird that flies about in the night: — v. i., to carry on an unlawful trade ; to skulk about with contraband goods. Owl-er (Sul'ur), n. One who car- ries contraband goods. Owl-et (oul'et), n. A small owl ; a young owl. Owl-ing (6ul'lng), n. An offense against public trade, in Eng land. 362 Owl-ish (dul'ish), } a. Like an Owl-like (Ml'llke), j owl, either in looks or habits. Owl-light (Ml'lite), n. A glim- mering light. Own (one), a. Possessed, belong- ing to; peculiar: — see self. TjS^t* Own is added to the words MY, THY, HIS, ITS, OUR, YOUR, and their, for the purpose of making the possession em- phatic, peculiar, or exclusive. Own (6ne), v. t. To acknowledge ; to claim : to avow ; to recognise ; to admit; to confess. Own-er (6ne'ur), n. One to whom any thing belongs. Own-er-ship (6ne'ur^ship), n. Le- gal title, rightful possession, Ox (6ks), n. The general name for black cattle. Ox'en, n. pi. Ox-al-ic (6ks-al'ik), a. Relating to, or obtained from, sorrel ; no- ting a poisonous acid. Ox-bane (oks'bane), n. A plant. Ox-bow (6ks'b6), n. A bow for yoking oxen. Ox-eye (6ks'i), n. The daisy. * Ox-eyed (6ks'lde), a. Having eyes like those of an ox. Ox-hide (6ks'hlde), n. The skin of an ox; a measure of land. 88&J 'WW »• { A p C ound (not acid) of oxygen and another elementary body; as, oxyd of hydrogen, or water. »^ . I (6b.'ffd4te), * Ox- y -date j v " OX-I-DIZE | (akB ,j MlM) ^Ox-y-dize j v n To convert into an oxyd. Ox^da-ting, ^Ox'y^da-ting Ox'l V DI-ZING, *Ox'y x di-zing, Ox-i-da-tion } (^ks-e-da'shun) *Ox-y-da-tion j n. The act of converting into an ozyd. i .11 \ p. prs. Ox-y-gen (6ks'e N jen), n. A gas which generates oxyds and acids, and which constitutes the vital part of air. Ox-y-gen-ate (6ks'e x j en-ate), ) ;i -Ox-Y-GEN-izE (6ks'e v jen-lze), j v. t. To combine with oxygen. Ox r Y-GEN X A-TING, ) *Ox'y-genVzing, J &' P r8 ' Ox-y-gen-a-tion (^ks-e-je'n-a'- shun), n. The act of combining with oxygen. Ox-yg-en-ous (6ks-ij'en v us), a. Pertaining to oxygen. *Ox-y-hy-dro-gen ( v 6ks-e-hl'dr6- ^jen), a. Applied to a blowpipe used to produce intense heat; noting a kind of microscope. *Ox-y-mel (6ks'e x mel), n. A mix- ture of vinegar and honey. Ox-y-tone (6ks'e v t6ne), a. Having an acute sound. 0-yer (6'yur), n. A court of judi- cature. 7j£^ Oyer, meaning to hear, and terminer, meaning to de- cide, are two French words, which are accoupled to desig- nate that court in which cases of treason, felony, and misde- meanor are heard and decided. 0-yes ) /i 2 M i The intro- *0-yez j ^°" yes h n ' \ duction to a proclamation given by the sheriff, or by the public crier, who uses the word three times. Oys-ter (des'tur), n. A bivalve shell-fish. Oys-ter-bed (6es'tur N b§d), n. A bed or breeding-place of oysters. Oys-ter-man (6es'tur v man), n. A dealer in oysters. Oys'ter v men, n. pi. O-zone (6'z6ne), n. A gaseous substance, produced by elec- tricity passing into air from pointed bodies. 0-zo-nize (6'z6^nlze), v. t. To mix with ozone. 0'zo v ni-zing, p. prs. PAC PAD nSr, n6t — tube, tub, bull— Ml — pdund — thm, THis. PAG- P(pee), n. The sixteenth letter and the eleventh consonant is also a mute. The name is writ- ten Pee, the plural of which is Pees. It is the abbreviation of page [pi. pp.], pint, pole, and phosphorus. P.M. stand for post meridian (afternoon), or for Post- master, P.O. for Post-Office, and P.S. for post scriptum (post- script). Pab-u-lar (pab'u v lar), a. Afford- ing aliment or provender ; per- taining to food. Pab-u-lous (pab'uHus), a. Ali- mental, nourishing. Pab-u-lum (pab'uHum), n. Food, aliment. Pace (pase), n. Step, gait; am- ble; manner of walking; degree of celerity ; a measure of 2£ or 5 feet; among horses, a stepping with the legs of the same side at the same time [368-1]: — v. i., to move on slowly ; among horses, to step with the legs of the same side at the same time : — v. t., to measure by steps. [126-4.] Pa'cing, p. prs. Pa-cer (pa/sur), n. One that paces. *Pa-cha (pa-shaw'), n. A Turk- ish governor : — sometimes writ- ten pasha and also bashaw. *Pa-chal-ic (pa-shawl'ik), n. The jurisdiction of a pacha. *Pach-y-derm (pak'eMurm), n. A thick-skinned quadruped. Pa-cip-ic (pa-sif'ik), a. Gentle, mild, appeasing. Pa-ci-fi-ca-tion ( v pas-se-fe-ka'- shiin), n. Act of making peace. *Pa-ci-fi-ca-tor ( N piis-se-fe-ka'- tur or pa-slf e v ka-tur), n. A peace- maker. P a- cif-i-c a-tor- y (pa-sif 'e v ka- tur- v re), a. Tending to make peace. Pa-ci-fi-er (pas'se^fi-ur), n. One who pacifies. *Pa-ci-fy (pas'seYi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, pacifies.] To appease; to quiet. PacVfi-ed, p. prf. Pack (pak), n. A large bundle ; a due number of cards ; a number of hounds hunting together; any great number ; a method of cur- ing disease by wrapping the body in a sheet and blankets : — v. t., to bind up for carriage; to press together ; to send off hastily ; to put up and preserve with salt; to wrap in a sheet and blankets : — v. %., to depart hastily ; to tie up goods. Pack-age (pak'kije), n. A bale; a bundle ; goods packed. Pack-er (pak'kur), n. One who packs. Pack-et (pak'kit), n. A small pack ; a mail of letters ; a vessel for letters or passengers. Pack-horse (pak'hdrse), n. A horse of burden. Pack-man (pak'man), n. A peddler. Pack'men, n. pi. Pack-sad-dle (pak'sadMl), n. A saddle for burdens. Pack-staff (pak'staf ), n, A staff to support a pack. Pack'staffs, > , Pack'staves, J n 'P ' Pack-thread (pak'^r§d),n.Strong thread used in tying up parcels. Pact (pakt), In. A bar- Pac-tion (pak'shun), j gain ; a covenant. Pac-tion-al (pak'smWal), a. By way of contract. Pac-ti-tious (pak-tish'us), a. Set- tled by agreement. Pad, n. The road ; a footpath ; an easy-paced horse ; a robber who infests the road on foot; a low, soft saddle; a stuffed cushion or bolster: — v. i., to travel gen- tly; to rob on foot; to beat a way smooth and level: — v. t., to stuff a pad. Pad'ding, p. prs. Pad'ded, p. prf. Pad-dle (pad'dl), v. i. To row ; to play in the water : — v. t., to propel by an oar : — n., an oar used by a single rower; the hori- zontal bars or broad slats of a paddle-wheel. Pad'dling, p. prs. Pad-dle-Wheel (pad'drhweel),». A wheel which gives motion to steamships, Ac, by striking the water with its paddles. Pad-dock (pad'duk), n. A frog or toad; an enclosure for deer. Pad-dy (pad'de), n. Rice in the husk; a stuffed effigy. Pad'dies, n. pi. Pad-lock (pad'l6k), n. A lock hung on a staple : — v. t., to fasten with a padlock. Pjb-an ) / in \ f A song of *P E -an) (P*' to )»»- { triumph. Pa-gan (pa/gan), n. A heathen ; an idolater : — a., heathenish ; idolatrous. Pa-gan-ism (pa/gaVizm), n. The state of a pagan ; heathenism. Pa-gan-ize (pa'gan'ize), v. t. To render heathenish. Pa'ganVzing, p. prs. Page (paje), n. One side of the leaf of a book ; a young boy at- tending on a legislature or on a person of rank or note : — v. t., to mark the pages of a book; to divide into pages. Pa'ging, p. prs. *Pa-geant (paj'unt or pa'junt), n. A spectacle of entertainment [46-27] : — a., showy; pompous ; intended for display. Pa-geant-ry (paj'untVe or pa'- junt v re), n. Pomp, show; a spectacle. Pag-i-nal (paj'e^nal), a. Consist- ing of pages. Pa-go-da (pa-g6'da), n. An Indian idol or a coin ; a temple for an idol. 363 PAL PAL Fate, far, fall, fat — me", m^t — pine, pin — no, m5ve, PAL Paid, pst. t. amdp.prf. of pay. *Pail (pale), n. A vessel in which water, &o. is carried. Pail-ful (pale'ful), n. The quan- tity that a pail will hold. Paii/fuls, n. pi. Pain (pane), n. Suffering ,• sensa- tion of uneasiness; a penalty; laborious effort : — v. t. or v. i., to distress ; to torment. Pain-ful (pane'fiil), a. Full of pain or difficulty ; afflictive ; la- borious. Pain-ful-ly (pane'furie), ad. With great pain. Pain-ful-ness (pane'furn^s), n. Affliction ; sorrow ; distress. *Pai-nim (pa'nirn), n. A pagan: — sometimes written paynim. Pain-less (panels), a. Without pain. Pains-ta-ker (panz'ta^kur), n. A laborious person. Pains-ta-king (panz'taMng), a. Laborious,industrious : — n.,great care or industry. Paint (pant), v. t. To represent by delineation and color; to pic- ture; to color; to portray: — v. u, to practice painting; to color, as the face : — n., color laid on the face; colors representa- tive of any thing. Painting, p. prs. : — n., the act of representing objects by delinea- tion and color ; picture. Paint-er (pant'ur), n. One who professes painting; a rope used to fasten a boat. Pair (pare), n. Two things suit- ing one another; a brace; two of a sort; a couple: — v. t., to join in couples ; to unite : — v. i., to be joined in couples. * Pal- ace (pal'las), n. A royal house. Pal-a-din (pal'aMln), n. A knight. *Pal-an-quin ( v pal-an-keen'), n. In the East, a covered carriage, borne by men. 364 *Pal-at-a-ble (pal'lat^a-bl), a. Pleasing to the taste, savory. Pal-a-tal (pal'aHal), a. Pertain- ing to the palate : — n., a letter sounded from the palate; as,/ and g. Pal-ate (pal'lat), n. The roof of the mouth ; taste ; mental relish. *Pa-la-tial (pal-la'shal), a. Per- taining to a palace. Pal-a-tine (pal'aHin), n. One invested with regal rights: — a., possessing royal privileges. *Pa-la-ver (pa-laVur), n. Su- perfluous talk ; flattery : — v. t. orv.i.>,to talk idly; to flatter. *Pale, a. Wan, white of look; dim: — n., a stake or pointed board; an enclosure; a district or territory; the middle part of a scutcheon; a stripe: — v. t., to enclose with pales ; to stripe. Pa'ling, p. prs. Pale-fa-ced (pale'faste), a. Hav- ing the face wan. Pale-ly (pale'le), ad. With a pale color ; not freshly. Pale-ness (pale'nSs), n. Want of color, wanness, state of being pale. Pa-le-og-ra-phy ( v pa-l^-6g r raYe), n. Ancient mode of writing ; ancient writings collectively. *Pa-le-ol-o-gy (^pa-ld-61'6 j6), n. The science of antiquities. *Pa-le-on-tol-o-gy ( N pa-le-6n- t6r , l6'je), n. The science that treats of fossils. *Pa-le-ous (pa'le v us), a. Chaffy. Pa-les-tric (pa-leVtrlk), a. Per- taining to athletic exercises. Pal-ette. See pallet. Pal-frey (pal'fre or pal r fre), n. A small horse for women. Pal-in-drome (palln x dr6me), n. A word or sentence which is the same read backward or forward; as, Hannah. Pal-in-ode (pal'lnV>de), n. A re- cantation in verse. Pal-i-sade C pal-le-sade'), n. Pales set by way of enclosure: — v. t., to enclose with palisades. ^Pal-i-sa'ding, p. prs. PA-LiSH(pa'lish),a. Somewhat pale. Pall, n. A cloak or mantle of state ; the covering thrown over the dead [74-19] : — v. i., to become insipid ; to cloy ; to cloak : — v. t., to make insipid ; to dispirit; to cloy. *Pal-la-di-um (pal-la'deWm), n. A statue of Pallas ; protection ; security ; a very hard, white metal. [63-12.] Pal-la'di x a, { ? Pal-la'diVms, J n ' P L *Pal-LAS (pal'las), n. In My- thology, the goddess of wisdom ; Minerva; a planet. Pal-let (pal'llt), n. A small, mean bed ; a painter's board ; a small spatula. Pal-li-ass (pal'le^as), \ n.Astraw *PAL-LiASSE(pal-yass / ) J bed used in camp. Pal-li-ate (pal'le^ate), v. t. To cover with excuse; to extenu- ate; to mitigate. [238-11.] Pal'li x a-ting, p. prs. Pal-li-a-tion fpal-l^-a'shun), n . Extenuation ; favorable repre- sentation ; mitigation. *Pal-li-a-tive (pal'le x a-tiv), a. Mitigating : — n., that which ex- tenuates or mitigates. Pal-lid (pal'lld), a. Pale. Pal-lid-ness (pal'lidWs), n. Paleness, wanness. *Pall-mall (pe'l-meT)* n. A play in which a ball is struck with a mallet through an iron ring. Palm (pam), n. A tree ; a victory ; the inner part of the hand [238-20] : — v. t., to conceal in the palm of the hand ; to impose by fraud, (off.) Pal-mar (pal'mar), a. Relating to a palm. Pal-ma-ry (pal'ma'rd), a. Chief. PAL PAtf nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — oil — p6iind — thin, this. PAN Pal-mate (pal'mit), a. Having the shape of the hand. Palm-er (pam'ur), n. A pilgrim. Pal-met-to (pal-met't6), n. The palm-tree. *Pal-met'toes, n. pi. Pal-mip-er-ous (pal-mif £rNis), a. Bearing palms. Pal-mi-ped (pal'm& x ped), a. Web- footed. Pal-mis-ter (pal'mlsHur), n. One who deals in palmistry. Pal-mis-try (pal'mis v tre), n. The art of foretelling fortune by the lines of the palm. Palm-Sun-day (pam'sunMa), n. The Sunday next before Easter. Palm-y (pam'e), a. [palmier — palmiest.] Bearing palms; pros- perous, nourishing. Pal-pa-bil-i-ty ( x pal-pa-bil'leHe), n. The quality of being per- ceivable to the touch; palpa- bleness. Pal-pa-ble (pal'pa^bl), a. Gross; plain,obvious.[102-37.][198-14.] PAL-PA-BLE-NESs(pal , pa^bl-n^s),n. Plainness, grossness. Pal-pa-bly (paFpa v ble), ad. Ob- viously, plainly, grossly. Pal-pa-tion (pal-pa'stmn), n. Act of feeling; touch. Pal-pe-bral (paFpe^bral), a. Per- taining to the eyelids. Pal-pi-tate (pal'peHate), v. i. To beat as the heart, to nutter. Pal'pi v ta-ting, p. prs. PAL-Pi-TA-TiON( v pal-pe-ta'shun),w. A beating of the heart; an ab- normal pulsation of the heart. *Pals-grave (palz'grave), n. An overseer of a prince's palace. Pal-sy (pal'ze), n. A privation of the sense of feeling; paralysis [345-1] : — v. t., to affect with palsy ; to paralyze. Pal'sies, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. * Pal' si-ed, p. prf. Pal-ter (pal'tur), v. i. To shift; to dodge. Pal-tri-ness (pal'tre N nes), n. The state of being paltry ; meanness. Pal-try (pal'tre), a. Sorry, mean, worthless. [297-6.] Pa-lu-dal (pa-lu'dal), a. Relating to marshes. Pam, n. The knave of clubs in loo. Pam-per (pam'pur), v. t. To feed luxuriously ; to glut. [124-31.] Pam-phlet (pain'ne't), n. A book unbound. *Pam-phlet-eer fpam-fle't-eer'), A writer of pamphlets. Pan, n. A vessel broad and shal- low ; a hard stratum of earth ; part of a gun-lock; in Mythology, the god of shepherds, &c. *Pan-a-ce-a ( v pan-a-se'a), n. A universal medicine ; an herb. *PA-NA-DA(pa-na'da) | n. Bread Pa-na-do (pa-na'd6), J boiled in water and sweetened. Pan-cake (pan'kake), n. A kind of thin cake fried in a pan. Pan-cre-as (pang'kre^as), n. The sweetbread; a deep-seated gland of the abdomen. Pan-cre-at-ic (Yan-kr^-at'lk), a. Pertaining to the sweetbread. Pan-dect (pan'dekt), n. A com- plete treatise; a digest of law. Pan-dem-ic (pan-de'm'ik), a. In- cident to a whole people. Pan-de-mo-ni-dm ( v pan-de-m6'ne- x um), n. The council-chamber of the fallen angels. Pan-der (panMtir), n. A pimp; a mean wretch : — v. t. or v. i., to procure for the passions of others. *Pan-dore (pan'd6reorpan-d6re'), n. A musical instrument of the lute kind. Pane, n. A square of glass. *Pan-e-gyr-ic ( v pan-e»jeV'ik or y pan-e-jir'ik), n. A eulogy ; an encomiastic piece [271-1] : — a., containing praise, eulogistic. Pan-e-gyr-ist ( x pan-e-jeVist or N pan-e-jir'ist), n. An encomiast; a eulogist; one who praises. 81* *Pan-e-gy-rize (pan'e-jeVlze),v. t. To praise highly ; to commend. Pan'e-gy x ri-zing, p. prs. Pan-el (pan'el), n. A square in- serted between other bodies ; a schedule or roll, containing the names of such jurors as the sheriff provides to pass upon a trial : — v. t., to form into panels; to empanel. Pan'el n ing, \ *Pan'el x ling, J P ' pr8 ' Pan'] ^an'el-ed, ) f *Pan'ell-ed, j $' m ' Pang, n. Extreme pain, anguish. *Pan-ic (pan'nik), n. A sudden and groundless fear: — a., sud- den, extreme (applied to fear). *Pan-i-cle (pan'e v kl), n. A species of inflorescence, as in oats, &c. *Pan-nade (pan-nade'j, n. The curvet of a horse. Pan-nel (pan'nil), n. A kind of rustic saddle. *Pan-nic (pan'nlk), n. Panicle. *Pann-ier (pan'yur or pan'neWr), n. A basket to be carried on a horse. Pan-o-ply (pan^ple), n. Com- plete armor for defense. Pan-o-ra-ma ( v pan-6-ra'ma, N pan- o-ra'ma, or x pan-6-ra , ma), n. A large, sliding or revolving picture. Pan-o-ram-ic ( x pan-6-ram'ik), a . Relating to, or like, a panorama. Pan-sy (pan'ze), n. A garden- violet; heart's-ease. *Pan'sies, n. pi. Pant, v. i. To palpitate ; to wish earnestly [248-20] : — «., palpi- tation, motion of the heart. Pan-ta-lets ( v pan-ta-le'ts / ), n. pi. A garment for women or children. Pan-ta-loon fpan-ta-lOOn'), n. A character in pantomime. PAN-TA-L00NS( v pan-ta-166nz'), «.£>/. A garment for males, trovvsers. Pan-the-ism (pan^Aelzm), n. The doctrine that the universe is God. 365 PAP Pate, far, fall, f&t- PAR -me, me't — pine, pin- -n&, move, PAR Pan-the-ist (pan' n. An Indian infant. Pap-py (pap'pe), a. Soft, succulent. Pa-py-rus (pa-pl'rus), n. An Egyptian reed of which paper was formerly made. *Pa-py'ri, n. pi. PIr, n. A state of equality between the nominal and the market value. Par-a-ble (par'a^bl), n. An in- structive allegory; a similitude. Pa-rab-o-la (pa-rab'6 v la), n. A conic section ; a plane curve, any point of which is equally distant from a fixed point and a fixed straight line : — see cone. PAR-A-B0L-i-cAL('p^-a-b61'e x kal), a. Expressed by parable or similitude; having the nature or form of a parabola. *Pa-rab-o-loid (pa-rab'6 x ldid), n. A solid generated by the rota- tion of a parabola on its axis. *Par-a-chute (par'aNshute), n. An instrument shaped like an umbrella to prevent too rapid a descent from a balloon. *Par-a-clete (par'a x kleet),n. The Holy Spirit ; an intercessor. | Pa-rade (pa-rade'), n. Show; mili- tary order; ostentation [234-12]: — v. t. or v. i. y to assemble, as troops; to exhibit. [356-15.] Pa-ra'ding, p. prs. *Par-a-digm (par'aMlin), n. A model ; an example, as of the form for parsing a noun. Par-a-dise (paradise), n. Heaven ; the Garden of Eden ; a place of felicity. [34-13.] [168-32.] *Par-a-di-si-a-cal (^par-a-de-zi'- a x kal), a. Suiting Paradise; making paradise. Par-a-dox (par / aM6ks), n. A truth apparently absurd; as, the hydrostatic paradox, i.e., " Any quantity of fluid, however small, may be made to balance and support any other quantity, how- ever large." ParVdox-es, n. pi *Par-a-dox-i-cal ( x par-a-d&ks'e- x kal), a. Inclined to paradoxes ; seemingly absurd. [312-17.] PAR-A-D0x-i-cAL-LY( r par-a-d6ks'- e v kal-le), ad. By way of paradox. Par-a-go-ge ppar-a-gi'je), n. The addition of a letter or syllable to the end of a word; as, stilly for still. Par-a-gon (par'a x g6n), n. A pat- tern, a model : — v. i., to com- pare; to parallel. Par-a-gram (par'a^gram), n. A pun ; a play upon words. Par-a-graph (par'a^graf), n. A distinct part of a discourse; a point denoting the beginning of a new subject, marked thus [ ^f ] [246-2]: — v. t., to form into par- agraphs. Par-a-graph-ic fp&r-a-graf Ik), a. Containing paragraphs. *Par-al-lac-tic (^par-al-lak'tik), a. Pertaining to parallax. *Par-al-lax (par'aHaks), n. Dis- tance between the true and ap- parent place of a heavenly body. Par'aiAlax-es, n. pL PAR PAR n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bdll — 611 — pSund — tlim, this. PAR *Par-al-lel (par'alHel ), a. Ex- tended in the same direction and preserving the same distance ; having the same tendency ; con- taining a resemblance in many particulars; equal [199-10]: — »., a line continuing in its course and still remaining at the same distance from another line ; com- parison made; resemblance: — see LATITUDE. Par'al^lels, n. pi. The lines [ || ] used to refer to marginal notes : — see latitude. Par-al-lel (par'ariel), v. t. To compare; to resemble; to keep the same direction. *Par'al x lel-ing, p. prs. *PAR'A»L r LEL-ED, p. prf. *Par-al-lel-ism (par'ariel-izm), n. State of being parallel. *Par-al-lel-o-gram ( N par-al-ler / - 6 x gram), n. A right-lined quad- rilateral figure, having its oppo- site sides parallel and equal. Par-al-lel-o-pi-ped (^par-ariel- 6-pi'ped), n. A solid whose base is a parallelogram. Par-al-o-gism (par-al'16^jlzm), n. A false argument. %£§§*• A sophism is intention- ally, a paralogism uninten- tionally, false. Par-al-o-gy (par-al'16 v je), n. False reasoning. Par-al'o n gies, n. pi. *Pa-ral-y-sis (pa-ral'e x sls), n. A loss of feeling or motion in the body ; palsy. Pa-ralVses, ?». pi. *Par-a-lyt-ic Opar-a-llt'lk), a. Palsied : — n., one palsied. *Par- a-lyze (par'a v llze), v. t. To weaken; to deprive of strength as if struck with a palsy. Par'a x LY-ZING, p. prs. Par-a-mount (paVa v m6unt), a. Superior; chief; eminent [64-4]: — n., one highest in rank; the chief. Par-a-mour (par'a x m66r), n. A lover (in a bad sense). *Par-a-nymph (par'a^nlmf ), w. A brideman. Par-a-pet (par'a v pet), n. A wall for defense ; a rampart. *Par-a-pher-na-li-a fpar-a-fe'r- na'le^a), n. pi. Goods in the wife's disposal ; ornaments, trap- pings, &G. *Par-a-phrase (par'aYraze), n. A loose interpretation, an ex- planation in many words ; a free translation : — v. t. or v. i., to in- terpret or explain with latitude of expression, f Par'aVhra-sing, p. prs. Par-a-phrast (par'aYrast), n. One who paraphrases. Par-a-phras-tic ( x par-a-fras'tlk), a. Ample in explanation ; free, diffuse. *Par-a-pleg-i-a fpar-a-plej 'e x a), Par-a-pleg-y (par'a x plej-e), n. Paralysis of the lower half of the body. *PAR-A-SE-LE-NE( x par-a-se-le'ne), n. A lunar halo or rainbow ; a mock-moon. Par-a-site (parasite), n. One who frequents rich tables, and earns his welcome by flattery; a hanger-on ; a sycophant ; a plant that grows and lives on trees. Par-a-sit-i-cal ( v par-a-slt'e N kal), a. Flattering, fawning; grow- ing on another, as plants. Par-a-sol (par'a v s61 or par / a x s61e), n. A small umbrella to shade from the sun. ^PAR-A-soL-ETTE^ar-a-sSl-et')^. A small parasol. Pa-rath-e-sis (pa-ra^'e x sis), n. In Grammar, apposition; a pa- renthetical notice in brackets [ thus ]. Pa-rath'e v ses, n. pi. Par-boil (par'b6il), t>. U To half boil. Par-cel (par^il), n. A small bundle; a portion; a part taken separately: — v. t., to divide into portions. [173-11.] Par'cel^ing, ") *Par'cel x ling, j P'P rs ' Par'cel-ed, \ , *Par'cell-ed, j P-P r f- *Par-ce-na-ry (par'se. x na-re), n. Joint inheritance. Par'ceVa-ries, n. pi. Par-ce-ner (par'se N nur), n. A joint owner; a coheir. Parch (partsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, parches.] To burn superficial- ly; to scorch; to dry up [60-19]: — v. i. y to become scorched or dry. Parch-ment (partsh'ment), n. The skins of sheep or goats dressed for writing on. [55-20.] Pard, n. The leopard; any spotted animal. Par-don (par'dn), v. t. To excuse an offender; to forgive a crime; to acquit ; to remit a penalty : — «., forgiveness, exemption from punishment. Par-don-a-ble (par'dn x a-bl), a. Venial, excusable. Par-don-a-ble-ness (par'dn x a-bl- x nes), n. Susceptibility of pardon. Par-don-a-bly (pai^dn^-ble), ad. Excusably. Par-don-er (par'dnNir), n. One who pardons. Pare, v. t. To cut off extremities or the surface; to diminish; to peel. Pa' ring, p. prs. : — n., that which is pared off, the rind. *Par-e-gor-ic ( x par-e-g6r'lk), n. An anodyne: — a., assuaging or mitigating pain. Pa-rent (pa/rent), n. A father or mother ; creator ; source, origin. *Par-ent-age (par'entlje), n. Extraction, birth, descent. Pa-ren-tal (pa-ren'tal), a. Be- coming parents; tender, kind, affectionate. 367 PAR PAR Fate, far, fall, fat— me, niet- -pine, pin — no, m5ve, PAR Pa-ren-the-sis (pa-ren'£Ae x s! A clause or hint thrown between the parts of a sentence to which it does not grammatically be- long ; the curves [ ( ) ] used to mark such clauses. *Pa-ren'the x ses, n. pi. Pa-ren-thet-ic ( v pa-ren-e7iet1k),a, Parenthetical. Pa-ren-thet-i-cal fpa-ren-£/?et'- e N kal), a. Pertaining to, or using, a parenthesis. *Pa-rent-i-cide (pa-rent'e x side), n. The murder or murderer of a parent. •*Par-get (par'jet), n. Rough plaster on walls : — v. t., to paint;' to plaster. *Par-hel-ion (par-hel'yun or par- he'l^un), n. A meteor, or mock sun. Par-he'li^a, n. pi. Pa-ri-ah (pa're'a), n. In India, the laboring caste. *Pa-ri-e-tal (pa-ri'eHal), a. Con- stituting the sides or walls. *Par-ish (parish), n. The par- ticular charge of a secular priest [147-21] : — a., belonging to, or maintained by, the parish. Par'ish x es, n. pi. *Pa-rish-ion-er (pa-rish'uVur), n. One who belongs to a par- ish. [301.] Par-t-tor (par'e v tur), n. A sum- moner, a beadle. *Par-i-ty (par'e N te), n. Equality, resemblance. Park, n. A piece of ground en- closed and stored with deer: — v. t., to enclose in a park. *Par-lance (par'lanse), n. Talk, conversation. * Par-ley (par'le), v. i. To treat by word of mouth ; to talk : — n., oral treaty, talk, conference. *Par'ley-ed, p. prf. Par-lia-ment (par'le x ment), n. The assembly of the Lords and Commons of England. [146-24.] 368 Par-lia-ment-a-ri-an ( v par-le- ment-a're an), n. One who ad- hered to the Parliament in the time of Charles I. ; one versed in the usages of legislative bodies. *Par-lia-ment-a-ry fpar-le- rnent'aVe), a. Pertaining to Parliament; enacted by Parlia- ment; sanctioned by the usages of Parliament or other legisla- tive bodies. Par-lor (par'lur), n. A room fur- nished for reception or enter tainment. *Pa-ro-chi-al (pa-r6 r ke x al), a Belonging to a parish. Par-o-dist (parodist), n. One who writes parodies. Par-o-dy (par'6 v de), n. A kind of writing in which the words or thoughts of an author are taken, and, by a slight change, adapted to a new purpose ; a travesty : — v. t., to copy by way of parody ; to give a burlesque imitation; to travesty. *ParVdies, n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. ParVdi-ed, p. prf. Pa-rol Pa-role as an assurance. *Par-o-quet (par'6 r ket), n. A species of small parrot. Pa-rot-id ( x pa-r6tld), a. Noting salivary glands below the ears. *Par-ox-ysm (par'oks^lzm), n. A fit; a periodical increase of a disease. *PAR-ox-Ys-MAL( N par-6ks-lz'mal), a. Relating to, or caused by, a paroxysm; convulsive. Par-quet (par-ka' or par-kef), n. That part of a theatre which is close to the orchestra; an inlaid floor. Par-quet-ry (par'ketVe), n. In- laid wood-work. } Par-take (par-take'), v. i. or v. t. [partook — partaken.] To have share of ; to participate, (ap. p. —of.) [353-23.] Par-ta'king, p. prs. Par-ta-ker (par-ta'kur), n. A sharer; an associate. PAR PAR nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, this. PAS *Par-terre (par-tare'), n. A di- vision of level ground ; a flower- garden. Par-tial (par'shal), a. Inclined to favor one party ; affecting only one part, not universal; subordinate^ ap .p. — to.) [103-18] [225-12.] PAR-Ti-AL-i-TY( v par-she-al'le v te),n. State of being partial; unequal judgment; undue bias. (ap. p. —to, for.) [22-20.] [280-18.] * n Par-ti-al'iVies, n. pi. Par-tial-ly (par'shaHe), ad. With unjust favor or dislike. *Par-ti-bil-i-ty ppar-te-bil'le'te), n. Divisibility. Part-i-ble (part'e x bl),a. Divisible. ♦"PAR-Tic-i-PANTfpar-tis'se^pant)^. Sharing, partaking : — n., a par- taker. Par-tic-i-pate (par-tls'se N pate), v. i. or v. t. To partake ; to have a share, (ap. p. — in, of.) [70-15.] [381-3.] Par-tic 'iVa-ting, p. prs. *Par-tic-i-pa-tor (par-tls'se x pa- tiir), n. One who participates. Par-tic-i-pa-tion (par x tis-se-pa'- shun), ii. The act of sharing; distribution. *Par-ti-cip-i-al ( v par-te-sip'e v al), a. Of the nature of a participle. Par-ti-cip-le (par / te v sip-pl), n. A word partaking of the nature of a verb and of an adjective. *Par-ti-cle (par'te x kl), n. Any small portion of a greater sub- stance ; a word that cannot be inflected, as of, or, oh ! [54-30.] Par-tic-u-lar (par-tik'Mur), a. Relating to single persons or things; not general; individual; odd; nice; exact: — n., a single instance, a single point. [56-2.] [192-4.] Par-tic-u-lar-i-ty (par N tlk-u-lar / - e N te), n. Exactness; something peculiar; individual property. Par x tic-u-lar'i n ties, n. »J. Y Par-tic-u-la-rize (par-tik'u x la- rlze), v. t. To mention distinctly, to detail; to name by particu- lars: — v. i., to be attentive to particulars. *Par-ticVla-ri n zing, p. prs. Par-tic-u-lar-ly (par-tik'iOlur- le), ad. Distinctly; especially; singly. Part'ing, p. prs. : — n., division ; departure: — a., given at depart- ure ; departing. *Par-ti-san (par'te x zan), n. A kind of halberd ; the commander of a party ; a party-man. Par-tite (par'tite), a. Divided; separated into parts. Par-ti-tion (par-tish'iin), n. The act of dividing, a state of being divided ; division, separation ; distinction : — v. t., to divide into distinct parts or shares. *Par-ti-tive (par'teHiv), a. Dis- tributive. Part-ly (part'le), ad. In some measure or degree, not wholly. Part-ner (part'nur), n. A col- league; a partaker; a husband or wife. Part-ner-ship (part'nuVshlp), n. Joint interest or property; the union of two or more in the same business; association. f Par-took', pst. t. of partake. *Par-tridge (par'trldje), n. A bird of game. Par-ty (par'te), n. A number of persons confederated ; one of two litigants ; cause, side ; a select assembly ; a person distinct from, or opposed to, another ; a de- tachment of soldiers ; an invited company : — a., zealous for a special interest. Parities, n. pi. *Par-ty-Col-or-ed (par'te x kul- lurd)a. Having diversity of colors. Par-ty-Man (par'te x nian), n. A man who adheres to a party. Par'ty- v Men, n. pL Par-ty-VVall (par'te'wal), n. A wall that separates one house from another. *Par-ve-nu (par've^nu), n. An upstart. ^Par'veVus, n. pi. *Pas (pa), n. A step; precedence in rank. *Pas-chal (pas'kal), a. Relating to the Passover, or to Easter. *Pa-sha (pa-sha'), n. A Turkish governor : — generally written PACHA. Pa-sig-ra-phy (pa-s!g'ra v fe), n. A system of universal writing or language. Pas-quin (pas'kwin), ) *Pas-quin-ade (Y&s-kwin-ade') j n. A lampoon : — v. t., to lam- poon ; to satirize. v Pas-quin-a'ding, p. prs. Pass, v. i. [passed or past — passed or past.] To go; to be progressive; to make way; to vanish; to be spent; to be at an end ; to be enacted ; to become current; to occur; to exceed; to thrust; to omit: — v. t., to go be- yond or through; to spend time; to transmit; to excel; to tran- scend; to enact a law; to pro- nounce ; to overlook : — n., a nar- row entrance, passage, road; a thrust; a state or condition; a license to pass. Pass'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Pass'ing, p. prs. : — a., exceed- ing : — ad., exceedingly : — n., act of passing. *PAS-SA-BLE(pas / sa x bl), a. Capable of being passed; tolerable. Pas-sa-bly (pas'sa^ble), ad. Tol- erably, moderately. Pas-sa-do (pas-sa'do orpas-sa'd6), n. A push, a thrust. *Pas-sa'does, ». pi. Pas-sage (pas'sije), n. Act of pass- ing; travel, journey; road; exit or entrance; liberty to pass ; part of a book ; enactment of a law. 369 PAS PAS Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, move, PAT Pass-Book (pas'buk), n. A book in which purchases on credit are entered. Pas-sen-ger (pas'sinjur), n. A traveller; one who hires the lib- erty of travelling in a vehicle : — a., intended for conveying trav- ellers ; as, a passenger car. PAS-si-BiL-i-TY( x p^s-se-bil / leHe),n. The quality of being passible ; sensibility. *"Pas-si-ble (pasWbl), a. Sus- ceptible of impressions from ex- ternal agents ; sensitive. *Pas-sim (pas'sim), ad. Here,there, and everywhere : in many places. Pass-ing. See under pass. Pass-ing-Bell (pas'slng N bel), n. The bell which is tolled to an- nounce a death. Pas-sion (pash'un), n. Anger ; zeal, ardor, eagerness ; emotion ; love ; feeling ; the last suffering of the Redeemer. [82-19.] [204-2.] Pas-sion-ate (pash'unlt), a. Iras- cible, moved by passion. Pas-sion-ate-ly (pash'unlt-le), ad. With desire, love, or hatred; angrily, vehemently. Pas-sion-ate-ness (pash'un'it- ne's), n. State of being subject to passion ; aptness to express passion. Pas-sion-less (pash'un^s), a. Void of passion, cool, calm. Pas-sion- Week (pash'un Veek), n. The week preceding Easter. Pas-sive (pas'slv), a. Receiving impression from some external agent ; unresisting ; suffering ; noting that grammatical voice in which the object of an action is nominative to the verb: — opposed to ACTIVE. Pas-sive-ly (pas'sivle), ad. In a passive manner. Pas-sive-ness (pas'slvWs), n. The quality of receiving impres- sions ; state of being passive ; power of suffering. 370 Pass-o-ver (pas'6Vur), n. A Jewish feast, in commemoration of the passing over of the houses of the Jews when the first-born of the Egyptians were slain. Pass-port (pas'pdrt), n. A war- rant of protection to a traveller ; permission of egress. [264-1.] Past, pst. t. and p. prf. of pass : — a., not present; not future ; gone through : — prp., beyond in time; farther than; out of reach of; above; after. Paste, n. An adhesive mixture; cement; imitation of precious stones : — v. t., to fasten with paste; to cement. Past'ing, p. prs. Paste-board (past'b6rd), n. A kind of coarse, thick, stiff paper. *Pas-tern (pas' turn), n. The part of a horse's leg between the low- est joint and the hoof. ^Pas-til (pas'tll), j n. A roll Pas-tille (pas-teel'), J of paste, burned to perfume rooms, or used in colored drawings ; a lozenge ; a piece of confectionery. Pas-time (pas'tlme), n. Amuse- ment, sport. Pas-tor (pas'tur), n. A shepherd ; a clergyman who has the care of a congregation. Pas-tor-al (pas'tur^al), a. Rural, imitating shepherds ; relating to the care of souls [71-31] : — n., a poem relating to a country life ; an idyl; a bucolic.f Pas-tor-ate (pas'turlt), ] Pas-tor-ship (pas'ti\r v ship), J The office of a pastor. Pa-stry (pa'stre), n. Pies or baked paste; tarts, &c. Pa-stry-Cook (pa'stre^kuk), n. One who makes pastry. Pas-tu-ra-ble (pas'tshu x ra-bl), a. Fit for pasture. Pas-tu-rage (pas'tshuVij), n. Lands grazed by cattle ; use of pasture ; grass for cattle. Pas-ture (pas'tshur), n. Food; ground on which cattle feed : — v. t., to place in a pasture; to feed with grass : — v. t. f to feed on grass ; to graze. Pas'tu x ring, p. prs. Pas-ty (pas'te or pas'te), n. A pie of crust baked without a dish ; a pie. Pas'ties, n. pi. Pas-ty (pas'te), a. Resembling paste, doughy. Pat, a. Convenient; exactly suit- able; fit: — n., a light, quick blow, a tap : — v. t., to tap ; to strike lightly. Pat'ting, p. prs. Pat 'ted, p. prf. Patch (patsh), n. A piece of a woven fabric used for mending ; a piece of land ; a parcel : — v. /., to cover with a piece sewed on ; to mend clumsily; to make up of pieces. Patch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Patch-work (patsu'wurk)^. Work made of pieces. Pate, n. The head. Pa-tel-la (pa-teTla), n. The knee-pan ; a shell-fish with one valve. *Pa-tei/ljE, I 7 Pa-tel'las, j n . m pl ' Pat-en. See patin and patten. Pat-ent (patent), a. Open to the perusal of all; appropriated by letters patent ; public : — n., a writ conferring the exclusive right or privilege to make and dispose of a new invention : — v. t., to obtain a patent for. Pat-en-tee (^pat-e'n-tee'), ». One who has a patent. Pat-ent-Of-fice (pat'e'ntW-fls), n. An office for the granting of patents. Pa-ter-nal (pa-teVnal), a. He- reditary; fatherly. [94-25.] Pa-ter-ni-ty (pa-teVne v te), n. The relation of a father. PAT PAT n6r, nSt — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound — ^in, this. PAV Path (psUA or pa ft. Act of go- ing the rounds in a garrison; those who go the rounds; a guard ; a night-watch : — v. L, to go the rounds in a garrison or camp. *Pa-troi/ling, p. prs. Pa-troll'ed, p. prf. Pa-tron (pa r trun or pat'run), n. One who countenances, supports, or protects ; a guardian ; an ad- vocate. Pat-ron-age (pat'runlje), n. Sup- port, protection, guardianship, [51-4.] [240-7.] Pa-tron-ess (pa/trun x es or pat'- run N es), n. A female patron. Pa'tron x ess-es, ft. pi. Pat-ron-ize (pat'runHze), v. t. To protect; to support; to promote. "^Pat'ronVzing, p. prs. Pat-rox-iz-er (pat'run x lz-ur), One who patronizes. *PAT-RO-NYM-icfpat-r6-ninrlk),a. Derived from ancestors, as a name : — n., a name derived from parents. *Pat-ten (p&t'tln), w. The base of a column or pillar; a wooden shoe with an iron ring. Pat-ter (pat'tur), v. i. To make a noise like the beating of hail or drops of rain. Pat-tern (pat'turn), n. A copy ; the original proposed for imita- tion ; a specimen ; a copy : — v. t., to copy or imitate: — v. i., to copy. (ap. p. — after.) Pat-ty (pat'te), n. A little pie. Pat'ties, ». pi. Pau-ci-ty (pawWte), n. Fewness, smallness of number or quantity. Paunch (pawnsh or pansh), n. The belly, the large stomach : — v. t., to eviscerate. Paunch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Paxj-per (paw'pur), n. A very poor person, especially one who is supported by alms. Pau-per-ism (paw'purlzm), n. The state of being a pauper. Pau-per-ize (paw'pur^ze), v, t. To reduce to pauperism. Patj'perVzing, p. prs. Pause (pawz), n. A stop; the grammatical sign of a stop ; sus- pense ; break : — v. %., to wait ; to stop; to deliberate; to cease to act; to hesitate. Paus'ing, p. prs. Pave, v. t. To lay with brick or stone; to floor with stone; to prepare a way. Pa'ving, p. prs. Pave-ment (pave'ment), n. A paved walk. *Pa-ver (pa'vur), "} f One P AT - IER l(paTe'ydr), W who Pav-ior J vr J " ) { paves. *Pa-vil-ion (pa-vll'yun), ft. A tent; a movable house; a build- ing with a dome; a summer- house. [2S7-25.] 371 PEA PEA Fate, far, fill, fit — m&, m6t — pine, pin — no, mSve, PEC Paw, n. The foot of a beast: — v. t., to strike with the forefoot; to handle roughly: — v. i. f to scrape with the foot. Pawl, n. An iron click to keep the capstan from recoiling. *P1wn, n. Something given in pledge; a pledge; a common piece at chess : — v. t. f to pledge ; to leave as security. Pawn-bro-ker (pawn'br6'kur), n. One who is licensed to lend money upon pledges. Pay (pa), v. t. [paid or payed — paid or payed.] To discharge a debt, or a workman with his wages (off)) to recompense ; to reward (ap. p. — for) : — v. i., to give an equivalent (ap. p. — for); to hand over money to produce a fund or to procure a share (ap. p. — in) : — n., wages, hire, reward. Pay-a-ble (pa'a^bl), a. Due. Pay-day (pa'da), n. The day for payment. Pay-ee (pa-e&'), n. One to whom money is to be paid. Pay-er (pa'ur), n. One who pays. Pay-mas-ter (pa'mas N tur), n. One who makes payment. Pay-ment (pa'inent), n. The act of paying; money paid; compen- sation, reward. Pea (pe), n. A plant and its fruit. *Peas (distinct objects), } , *Pease (in the mass), J n ' P ' Peace (peese), n. Respite from war; quiet; rest; silence; calm- ness, a state of tranquility. *'Peace-a-ble (peese'a x bl), a. Free from war; quiet, peaceful, un- disturbed ; gentle. PEACE-A-BLE-NEss(p£ese'a N bl-nes), n. Disposition to peace, quietness. Peace-a-bly (peese'a N ble), ad. In a peaceable manner. Peace-ful (peese'ful), a. Pacific, quiet, disposed to peace. Peace-ful-ly (peese'ful x l&), ad. Quietly, mildly, gently. 372 Peace-ful-ness (peese'fuPnes), n. Quiet, freedom from disturbance. Peace-ma-ker (peese /V ma-kur), n. A promoter of peace. Peace-Of-fer-ing (peese^6f-fur- Ing), n. An offering of thanks, or to procure peace. Peace-Of-fi-cer (peese A 6f-fe x sur), n. An officer to keep the peace. Peach (peetsh), n. A tree and its fruit. Peach'es, n. pi. Peach - Col-or-ed (peetsh'kul- Hurd), a. Of the color of a peach- blossom. Pea-cock (pee'k6k), n. A fowl. Pea-hen (pee'hen), n. The female of the peacock. Pea-Jack-et (pee'^jak-et), n. A jacket worn by seamen. Peak (peek), n. The top of a hill ; the rising forepart of a head- dress; the end of any thing pointed. Peal (peel), n. A succession of loud sounds, as of bells, thunder, or cannon: — v. i., to play sol- emnly and loudly [86-9] : — v. t., to celebrate; to assail with noise. Pe-an. See p^ean. Pea-nut (pe'ntit), n. The ground- nut ; a plant and its nut. Pear (pare), n. A tree and its fruit. Pearl (pe'rl), n. A hard, whitish gem, generated in the body of a species of oyster; a kind of small printing type. Pearl-ash (perl'ish), n. Refined potash. Pearl-Oys-ter (p^rl' v 6es-tur), n. The oyster in which pearls are found. Pearl-y (peVre), a. Abounding with, or resembling, pearls. Peas-ant (pez'ant), n. One whose business is rural labor ; a coun- tryman; a swain. [302-7.] *Peas-ant-ry (peVanf re), n. Rus- tics, peasants. Peasantries, n. pi. Peas-cod (peeVk&d), j n. The Pea-shell (pee'shel), j husk that contains peas. Pease (peeze), «. Pood of pease : — see pea. Peat (peet), n. A kind of turf, used for fuel. Peat-moss (peet'mfts), n. A fen producing peat. Peat'moss^es, n. pi. Peb-ble (peb'bl), \ Peb-ble-Stone (pebWstdne), j n ' A round stone ; a sort of crystal. Peb-bly (peb'ble), a. Full of pebbles. *Pe-can (pe-kan'), n. A tree and its nut. Pec-ca-bil-i-ty ppek-ka-bil'le'te), n. State of being subject to sin. *Pec-ca-ble (pek'ka x bl), a. Li- able to sin. Pec-ca-dil-lo (Y^k-ka-dll'ld), n. A petty fault, a slight offense. * x Pec-ca-dil'loes, n. pi. *Pec-can-cy (peVkan'se), n. Bad quality. Pec-cant (pek'kant), a. Criminal, ill disposed, corrupt. Peck (pe'k), n. The fourth part of a bushel : — v. t., to strike with the beak, as a bird; to pick up food with the beak : — v. i., to strike, as a bird. (ap. p. — at.) *Pec-ti-nal (pek'te'nal), a. Re- sembling a comb. Pec-ti-nate (pek'te^nit), j Pec-ti-na-ted (pek'te v na-teM), j a ' Formed like the teeth of a comb. *Pec-tor-al (pek'tiir x al), a. Re- lating to the breast : — w., a medi- cine for the breast ; a breast-plate. Pec-u-late (pek'uMate), v. t. To rob the public ; to embezzle. Pec'uYa-ting, p. prs. Pec-u-la-tion ( v pik-u-la r shun), n. Robbery of the public; embezzle- ment of public money. Pec-u-la-tor (peVula-tur), n. A robber of the public. PED PEG n3r, n6t — tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p5und — thin, THis. PEN Pe-cul-iar (p£-kule'yur), a. Ap- propriate; particular; single; especial ; not common to many (ap.p.— to) [85-25] [236-5]:— n., exclusive property. *Pe-cul-iar-i-ty (p^kule-yar'e- He), n. Particularity. [96-25.]f Pe^cul-iarVties, n. pi. Pe-cul-iar-ize (pe-kule'yurlze), v. t. To make peculiar. Pe-cul'iar x i-zing, p. prs. PE-cuL-iAR-LY(pe-kule'yur x le),aeZ. Particularly, singly. [86.] f *Pe-cun-iar-y (pe-kune'yurVe), a. Relating to money. [244-2.] *Ped-a-gogue (ped'a v g6g), rc. A schoolmaster; a pedant. , Pe-dal (pe'dal), a. Belonging to a foot. *Ped-al (p£d'al), n. One of the large pipes of an organ played upon by the foot. Ped-ant (ped'ant), n. A man vain of knowledge. Pe-dan-tic (pe-dan'tik), a. Osten- tatious of learning. Pe-dant-i-cal (pe-dant'e v kal), a. Full of pedantry. Pe-dant-i-cal-ly (pe-dant'e^kal- le), ad. In a pedantic manner. Ped-ant-ry (pe'd'antVe), n. Os- tentation of learning. [200-25.] Ped-dle (ped'dl), v. i. or v. t. To travel about and retail goods ; to be busy about trifles. Ped-dling, p. prs. *Ped-dler (p£d'lur), n. A travel- ling trader : — often written ped- ler and pedlar. Ped-dler-y (pM'lur're), n. Wares sold by peddlers. PED-Es-TAL(pM'eVtal), n. The base of a statue, column, or pillar. Pe-des-tri-al (pe-deVtre x al), a. Pertaining to the foot. Pe-des-tri-an (pe-des'tre^an), n. One who journeys on foot: — a., travelling on foot. Pe-des-tri-an-ism (pe-deVtre^an- izm), n. The act of walking. Ped-i-gree (p^d'e y gree), n. Gene- alogy, lineage, descent. [269.] Ped-lar. ) c* t>™ T ™ t See PEDDLER. Ped-ler. J Pe-do-bap-tism ( N pe-d6-bap'tizm or v p£d-6-bap'tlzm), n. Infant baptism. Pe-do-bap-tist ( v pe-d6-bap'tist or v p^d-6-bap'tist), n. One who holds to infant baptism. Peel, v. t. To flay; to strip off skin ; to plunder : — v. i., to come off, as skin : — n., a thin rind or skin ; a baker's shovel. Peel-er (peel'ur), n. One who peels ; a plunderer. Peep, v. i. To look slyly, or curi- ously; to cry as a chick or a young bird: — n., first appear- ance; a sly look; the cry of young chickens or birds. Peep-er (peep'ur), n. One who peeps; a young chicken; the eye. Peep-hole (peep'h61e), n. A hole through which one may look. Peer, n. An equal; one of the same rank; a nobleman [95-38] [250-10] : — v. i., to peep ; to come in sight. Peer-age (peer'ije), n. The dig- nity of a peer, the body of peers. Peer-ess (peer'e's), n. The wife of a peer. Peer'ess^es, n. pi. PEER-LESs(peer'le : s),a.Unequalled. Peer-less-ly (peer'leVle), ad. Without an equal. Pee-vish (pee'vish), a. Petulant, irritable, easily vexed, cross. Pee-vish-ly (pee'vlsh N le), ad. With petulance, morosely. Pee-vish-ness (pee'vlshWs), n. Fretfulness, petulance. Peg, n. A piece of wood driven into a hole; a small, wooden pin : — v. t., to fasten with pegs. Peg'ging, p. prs. *Peg'ged, p. prf. Peg-a-sus (peg'a v sus), n. In My- thology, a winded horse. '62 Pelf, n. Money ; ill-gotten gain. #Pel-i-can (peTle v kan), n. A large water-bird; a chemical vessel. *Pe-lisse (peMeese'), n. A thickly- wadded, silk habit. Pell, n. A skin, a hide. Pel-let (pel'lit), n. A little ball ; a bullet. *Pel-li-cle (pel'le v kl), n. A thin skin. *Pell-Mell (pel-meF), ad. Con- fusedly, without system. Pel-lu-cid (pel-lu/sid), a. Clear, transparent; not opaque. *Pel-lu-cid-ness (p&l-lu'sid^nSs), n. Transparency, clearness. Pelt, v. t. To strike with some- thing thrown ; to throw : — n., a raw hide, skin ; a blow. Pel-try (pel'tre), n. Furs col- lectively. *Pem-mi-can (peWme^kan), n. Meat cured for long voyages. Pen, v. t. [penned or pent — penned or pent.] To confine ; to coop : — n., a small enclosure. Pen'ning, p. prs. Pen, v. t. To write ; to form with a pen: — n. f an instrument for writing. Pen'ning, p. prs. Pen-ned (pend), p. prf. Pe-nal (pe'nal), a. Enacting or incurring punishment. Pen-al-ty (peVarte), n. Punish- ment, judicial infliction, fine. Pen'al v ties, 11. pi. Pen-ance (pen'anse), n. Inflic- tion suffered for sin. *Pe-na-tes (pe>na'teez), n.pl. The household gods of the Romans. Pence. See penny. * Pen-chant (pan-shang'), n. In- clination. *Pen-cil (pen'sil), n. A small brush of hair; any instrument for writing or drawing : — v. t., to write or sketch with a pencil. Pen'cil n ing, ) *Pen'cil x ling, j V' P rs ' 373 PEN PEN Fate, far, fill, fat — m&, met — pine, pin— no, inove, PEN Pen'cil-ed, 1 - *Pen'cill-ed, ]P'P r J* *Pen-dant (pen'dant), n. Any- thing hanging by way of orna ment ; an earring ; a streamer or flag : — see pennant. Pen-dence (pen'dense), n. Slope- ness. Pen-den-cy (peVdeVse), n. Sus- pense, state of being undecided. *Pen-dent (pfin'dSnt), a. Hang- ing, projecting. Pend-ing (pending), a. Depend- ing, remaining undecided. Pen-du-lous (pln'juHus), a. Hang- ing, suspended, swinging. Pen-dtt-lum (pen'ju x lum), n. A weight so hung as to swing back- wards and forwards ; a part of a clock. PEN-E-TRA-BiL-i-TY^pen-e-tra-bll'- leHe), n. Susceptibility of pene- tration. Pen-e-tra-ble (pen'eHra-bl), a. Capable of being pierced; sus- ceptive of impression. *Pen-e-tra-li-a ( N p£n-e-tra'le x a or x pen-£-tral'ya), n. pi. The inner or sacred parts of a temple ; mysteries. Pen-e-trant (pen'eHrant), a. Hav- ing power to pierce or enter. Pen-e-trate (peVeHrate), v. t. To pierce ; to enter beyond the sur- face ; to perforate ; to discern : — v. i., to pass ; to make way. (ap. p.— into.) [140-25.] Pen'e^tra-ting, p. prs. Pen-e-tra-tion fpe'n-e-tra'shun), n. The act of penetrating ; dis- cernment, sagacity. [280-8.] Pen-e-tra-tive (pln'e x tra-tlv), a. Piercing, sagacious. *Pen-gttin (p^ng'gwln), n. A sea- bird ; a fruit. Pen-in-su-la (pen-in'shu^la), n. A piece of land almost surrounded by water. Pen-in-su-lar (pen-ln'shu^lar), a. Relating to a peninsula. 374 Pen-i-tence (pen'e v tense), \ *Pen-i-ten-cy (p^n'eHen-s^), J n ' Repentance, sorrow for sin or offense; contrition. Pen-i-tent (pen'eHent), a. Con trite, repentant, suffering sorrow for sin : — n., one sorrowful for sin. *Pen-i-ten-tial ( x pen-e-ten'shal), a. Expressing penitence: — n., a book directing penance. *Pen-i-ten-tia-ry fpe'n-e-ten' shaVe), n. One who prescribes the measure of penance ; a pen itent ; a place where penance is enjoined; a state-prison: — a., relating to penitence, or to a state-prison. n Pen-i-ten'tia n ries, n. pi. Pen-i-tent-ly (peVeHe'nt-le), ad. With repentance. Pen-knife (peVnife), n. A knife used in making pens. *Pen'knives, n. pi. Pen-man (pe'n'man), n. One who professes the art of writing ; a writer. Pen'men, n. pi. Pen-man-ship (pen'man^ship), n. Art or style of writing. *Pen-nant (peVnant), ) n. A small Pen-non (pen'non), J flag; a streamer ; a hoisting tackle : — sometimes written pendant. *Pen-ni-less (pen'ne^s), a. Poor, without money. Pen-ny (peVne), n. An English coin worth about two cents. ^~P^NiEs(distinct objects) J , '^Pence (in the mass), J ' -P ' Pen-ny-roy-al ( v p£n-n&-r6e'al), n. An herb. *Pen-ny-weight (pen'neVate), n. Twenty-four grains Troy weight. Pen-ny- wise (peVne^wlze), a. Sa- ving small sums at the risk of losing larger ; niggardly. Pen-ny-worth (peVneVurtA), n. As much as is bought for a penny; a bargain. *Pen-sile (pen'sil), a. Hanging. Pen-sion (pen'shun), n. A yearly allowance made to any one by government for past services : — v. t., to settle a pension on. *Pen-sion-a-ry (peVshun'a-re), a. Maintained by pensions. Pen-sion-er (peVshiWdr), n. One who has a pension. Pen-sive (peVslv), a. Sorrowful, thoughtful. [89-22.]f Pen-sive-ly (peVsivHe), ad. With melancholy, with sadness. Pen-stock (pen'st6k), n. A sluice. Pent, pst. t. and p. prf. of pen [to coop). Pen-ta-chord (peVta N k6rd), n. An instrument with five strings. Pen-ta-gon (pen'tag6n), n. A plane figure with five sides or angles. Pen-tag-o-nal (pen-tag'c^nal), a. Having five angles. Pen-ta-graph (pen'ta^graf ), n. An instrument for copying designs. Pen-tam-e-ter (pen-tam'eHur), «. A poetic verse of six feet: — a., having six metrical feet. PEN-TAN-GU-LAR(pen-tang'gu x lar), a. Having five angles. *Pen-ta-teuch (peVta^tuke), n. The five books of Moses. Pen-te-cost (pen'te N k6st or pen'- te^kawst), n. A feast among the Jews; Whitsuntide. 70t* The pentecost was so called because celebrated on the fiftieth day after the pass- over. PEN-TE-cos-TAL( x pe ! n-te-k6s / tal),ffl. Pertaining to the Pentecost. Pent-house (pe'nt'hduse), n. A sloping shed. Pent-hous-es (pent'hduzHz), n. pi. *Pe-nult (penult), Pe-nul-ti-ma (pe-nul'te^ma), PE-NUL-Ti-MATE(pe-niiFte N mit) \ The last syllable but one. Pe-nul-ti-mate (pe-nul'te'mlt), a. Belonging to the last syllable but one : — n., the penult. PER PER n6r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, this. PER Pe-num-bra (pe-num'bra), n. In eclipses, a partial shade. *Pe-nu-ri-ous (pe-nu're N us), a Niggardly, sparing; sordid. Pe-nu-ri-ous-ly (pe-nu're'iis-le); ad. Sparingly, with parsimony. Pe-nu-ri-ous-ness (pe-nu're x us- nes), n. Parsimony,niggardliness. Pen-u-ry (pen'uVe), ». Poverty. PeVny. See piony. Peo-ple (pe'pl), n. A nation ; pop- ulation ; men : — v. t., to stock with inhabitants. *Peo'pling, p. prs. Pep-per (pep'piir), n. A kind of aromatic plant : — v. t., to mangle with shot or blows ; to sprinkle with pepper. Pep-per-corn (p£p'pur x k5rn), n. A grain of pepper ; any trifle. Pep-per-mint (pep'purWint), n. A biting, aromatic plant. Pep-per-y (pep'pur^), a. Like pepper; burning, hot. Pep-sin (pep'sin), n. A substance found in gastric juice. Pep-tic (pep'tik), a. Promoting digestion. Per, prp. By, through ; for, on, in. Per-ad-ven-ture ("pSr-ad-ven'- tshur), ad. Perhaps, may be. Per-am-bu-late (per-arn'mYlate), v. t. To walk through or round. Per-am'bu n la-ting, p. pre. Per-am-bu-la-tion (per N am-bu- la'shun), n. The act of passing through. *PER-AM-BU-LA-TOR(per-am'bu v la- tur), n. An instrument to meas- ure distances. *PER-cEiv-A-BLE(per-seev'a x bl),a. Perceptible, capable of being perceived. Per-ceiv-a-bly (per-seev'a v ble), ad. In a manner to be perceived, perceptibly. Per-ceive (per-seev')> v, t. To ob- serve ; to discover ; to discern ; to see ; to distinguish. Per-ceiv'ing, p. pi 8. Per-cen-tage (per-sen'tij), n. An allowance by the hundred. Per Cent (per-senf), ) Per Cent-um (per-sent'um), J On, in, or for a hundred. 7^§** In Parsing, per is treated as a preposition, and cent or centum as a noun. Per-cep-ti-bil-i-ty (peYsep-te- bil'le v te), n. The state of being perceptible, visibility. *Per-cep-ti-ble (per-sep r te v bl), a. Capable of being perceived, per- ceivable, visible. PER-CEP-Ti-BLY(per-sep'teH)le),adf. In a perceptible manner. Per-cep-tion (per-sep'shun), n. Consciousness ; power of per- ceiving; idea. [63-27.] [317-25.] Per-cep-tive (plr-sep'tiv), a. Able to perceive, perceiving. Perch (pertsh), n. A fish; a bird's roost; a measure of length, con taining 5£ yards ; a measure of surface, containing 30£ square yards; a measure of solidity, containing 24| solid feet ; a rod or pole in measure : — v. i., to sit or roost, as a bird; to alight [61-13] [167-16] :— v. t., to place on a perch. Perch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Per-chance (peVtshanse'), ad. Perhaps ; by chance. Per-cip-i-ence (per-sip'e^ense), n. Act of perceiving. Per-cip-i-ent (per-sip'e v ent), a. Perceptive; perceiving: — n., one who is able to perceive. Per-co-late (per'k6 v late), v. t. To strain ; to filtrate : — v. i., to cause to pass through interstices. Per'co v la-ting, p. prs. Per-co-la-tion ( x per-k6-la'shun), n. Act* of straining; filtration. *Per-co-la-tor (peVk6 v la-tur), n. A filtering machine. Per-cuss (p^r-kiis'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, percusses.] In Medicine, to practice percussion. Per-cus-sion (per-kiish'un), a. Act of striking; stroke; deter- mination of the condition of the heart or lungs by listening to sounds produced by strokes upon the chest : — see auscultation. Per-cus-sion-Cap (per-kush'un- ^kap), n. A small copper cap containing fulminating powder, used in exploding firearms. Per-cus-sion-Lock (per-kush'un- 16k), n. A lock for firearms, made to receive percussion-caps. Per-di-tion (per-dish'un), n. Ruin, destruction ; eternal death. Per-du (pe'r-du'), n. One placed in ambush : — a., given up as lost; desperate. *Per-du ) , 2 -.in 7 f Close r, [ (per-duM, ad. < Per-due J vr " [ con- cealed, in ambush. Per-e-gri-nate (per'e v gre-nate), v. i. To travel; to live in a foreign country. Per'e x gri-na x ting, p. prs. PER-E-GRi-NA-TioN^per-e^gre-na'- shun), n. Travel, foreign abode. Per-emp-tor-i-ly (per'ern N tur-re- N le or per-^m'tur x re-le), ad. Ab- solutely, positively. Per-emp-tor-i-ness (peV&m'tur- re x nes or per-em'tur x re N nes), n. Dogmatism ; positiveness. Per-emp-tor-y (per'em x tur-re or per-ein / tur v re), a. Dogmatic, ab- solute, decisive. *Per-en-ni-al (per-en'ne'al), a. Lasting through the year ; per- petual. [46-27.] [354-10.] Per-fect (per'fekt), a. Complete, consummate; entire; faultless; noting that tense which expresses past events that are connected with the present time. Per-fect (per'fekt or per-fekt'), v. t. To make perfect. [77-23.] Per-fect-i-bil-i-ty (peYfe'kt-e- bll'leHe), n. State of perfection. Per-fect-i-ble (per-fekt'e v bl), a. Capable of being perfected. 375 PER PER Fate, far, f3,ll, fat— me, met — pine, pin— no, m6ve, PER Per-fec-tion (per-feVshun), n. The state of being perfect; per- fectness. [66-2.] [186-16.] Per-fec-tion-ist (per-fek'shun- 1st), n. One who believes in the possibility of attaining per- fection in this life. Per-fect-ive (per-fekt'lv), a. Con- ducing to perfection, (ap.p. — of.) Per-fect-ly (per'fekt'le), ad. To- tally, completely; exactly. Per-fect-ness (per'fekfne's), n. Excellence; faultlessness ; com- pleteness, entireness. Per-fi-cient (per-fish'ent), n. One who endows a charity. Per-fid-ious (per-fld'yus or pSr- fid'e^us), a. Treacherous, faith- less. [283-1.] #Per-fid-ious-ly (per-fld'yusM£ or per-fid'^ v us-le), ad. Treach- erously. [102-39.] Per-fid-ious-ness (per-fld'yus- x nes or per-fid'e^us-nes), n. The quality of being perfidious. Per-fi-dy (peVfeMe), n. Breach of faith or of trust, treachery. Per-fo-rate (perWrate), v. t. To pierce with a tool ; to bore through. [46-31.] Per'fo x ra-ting, p.prs. Per-fo-ra-tion ( x per-f6-ra'shun), n. The act of piercing ; a hole. Per-fo-ra-tive (per'f6Va-tlv), a. Having power to pierce. *Per-fo-ra-tor (plr'f6Va-tur), n. An instrument for boring. Per-force (per-f6rse'), ad. With violence. Per-form (per-f6rm'), v. t. To execute ; to do ; to carry into effect : — v. i., to do ; to act a part, as a player. Per-form-a-ble (per-fflrnrTbl), a. Possible to be done, practicable. Per-form-ance (per-f6rm'anse),n. Execution; work; action,* a deed ; exhibition of a play ; ex- ecution of a piece of music, or of gymnastic feats, &c. [186.] 376 Per-form-er (per-fdrm'ur), n. One who performs ; a player. Per-fume (per'fume or per-fume'), n. Sweet odor, fragrance. Per-fume (per-fume'), v. t. To make fragrant; to scent. Per-fu'ming, p. prs. Per-fu-mer (per-fu'mur), n. One who deals in perfumes. Per-fu-mer-y (per-fu'mur N r&), n. Perfumes collectively. *Per-func-tor-y (per'fungkHur- re or per-fiingk'turVe), a. Neg- ligent, slight, careless. Per-fuse (per-fuze'), v. t. To tincture ; to overspread. Per-fu'sing, p. prs. Per-fu-sive (per-fu'slv), a. dif- fusive. Per-haps (per-haps'), ad. Perad- venture ; it may be ; by chance. Pe-ri (pe're), n. An Eastern fairy. Pe-ris, n. pi. Per-i-car-di-um ( N per-e-kar'd£- %), n. A thin membrane cover- ing the heart. Per-i-carp (per'^karp), n. The seed-vessel of a plant. Per-i-cra-ni-um ( v per-e-kra'ne- x um), n. The membrane that covers the skull. Per-i-gee (peVe^j£&), n. A point in the heavens in which the sun or moon is nearest to the earth : — opposed to APOGEE. *Per'i v gees, n. pi. Per-i-graph (per'e^graf), n. A careless delineation. Per-i-he-li-on fper-e-he'le^un), n. That point of a planet's orbit nearest the sun : — opposed to aphelion. ^Per-i-he'li^a, n. pi. Per-il (peril), n. Danger, haz- ard, jeopardy [38-12] : — v. U, to expose to danger. *Per'il n ling, J P' P r Per'il-ed, I * *Per'ill-ed, IP'? 17 ' *Per-il-ous (perilous), a. Dan- gerous ; hazardous. [69-12.] [256-4.] Per-il-ous-ly (perirus-le), ad. Dangerously, with hazard. *Pe-rim-e-ter (pe-ri mTtur), n. The length of a bounding line of a plane figure. Pe-ri-od (pe'reNid), n. A circuit; a stated number of years; a round of time ; date, epoch ; the end or conclusion; a complete sentence ; the point marked thus [ . ]. [229-3.] Pe-ri-od-i-cal ( v pe-re-6d'e y kal). a. Happening by revolution ; regu- lar, at regular intervals [163-1 7]: — n., a periodical publication. PE-Ri-0D-i-cAL-LY(Ye-re-6d'e v kal- le), ad. At stated periods. *Pe-ri-o-dic-i-ty fpe-re-6-dls'se- \h) f n. The quality of being periodical. *PER-i-os-TE-UM( > per-e-6s / te x um), n. The membrane covering bones. *PER-i-PA-TET-ic( x pe : r-e-pa-te ! t'ik), n. A follower of Aristotle : — «., relating to the philosophy, or to the followers, of Aristotle. *Pe-riph-er-y (pe-rifurVe), n. Circumference. Pe-riph'er x ies, n. pi. Per-i-phrase (peVeYraze), n. The use of several words to express the sense of one; circumlocu- tion : — v. t, to express in many words. Per'i v phra-Sing, p. prs. Per-i-phras-tic ( N per-e-fras'tik), ns. Expressing by many words. Per-i-scope (peYe x sk6pe), n. A general view. Per-i-scop-ic ( v per-e-sk6p'lk), a. Viewing on all sides. Per-ish (perish), v. i. [prs. t. 3, perishes.] To die ; to come to nothing ; to be lost eternally. Per-ish-a-ble (peVish v a-bl), a. Liable to perish. PER PER n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p6und — ^in, this. PER Per-ish-a-ble-ness (peVlsh N a-bl- x n£s), n. Liableness to perish. Per-i-stal-tic (^pfir-e-stal'tlk), a, Spiral, wormlike. *PER-i-TO-NE-uM( v pe^-e-t6-ne'uin) n. A thin, serous membrane lining the abdomen and envel- oping its viscera. *Per-i-wig (peVeVlg), n. Hair not natural ; a small wig. Per-i-win-kle (per'e^wlngk-kl), n. A plant; a small shell-fish. Per-jure (per'jure), v. t. To for- swear; to taint with perjury. Per' J taring, p. prs. Per-ju-rer (plr'juVur), n. One who swears falsely. Per-ju-ry (per'ju'r&), n. The crime of taking a false oath, when legally administered. Per'ju v ries, n. pi. Perk, v. i. To hold up the head with an affected briskness : — v. t., to act smart; to dress up — a., prim, pert, brisk. Per-ma-nence (per'ma x ne : nse), j *PER-MA-NEN-CY(peYina v n£n-se) j n. Continuance in the same place or condition ; duration. Per-ma-nent (per'nia^nent), a. Durable, lasting. [236-20.] Per-ma-nent-ly (per'ma x nent-le), ad. Durably, lastingly. *Per-me-a-ble (per'me v a-bl), a. Capable of being passed through. Per-me-ate (peVme x ate), v. i. To pass through pores. Per'me x a-ting, p. prs. Per-me-a-tion (^peV-me-a'shun), n. Act of passing through pores. *Per-mis-ci-ble (per-mls'se N bl), a. Capable of being mingled. *"Per-mis-si-ble (p£r-mls'se x bl), a. Proper to be permitted. PER-Mis-siON(plr-mlsh / dn)w. Grant of liberty, license granted. [369.] Per-mis-sive (per-mis'slv), a. Al- lowing, granting liberty. Per-mis-sive-ly (p6r-mis'siv N le), ad. By permission. Per-mit (per'mlt or pSr-mlt'), n. A written permission, a license. Per-mit (pe'r-mit'), v. t. To give leave; to allow; to suffer. Per-mit'ting, p. prs. Per-mit'ted, p. prf. *Per-mit-tance (p^r-mit'tanse), n. Permission, allowance. Per-mix-tion (per-mlks'tshun), n. State of being mingled. PER-Mu-TA-TiONfpe^-mu-ta'shun), n. The change of the arrange- ment of a given number of things in all possible orders or posi- tions; exchange. Per-ni-cious (per-nlsh'us), a. De- structive, mischievous, noxious, hurtful. [272-20.] Per-ni-cious-ly (per-nish'uVle), ad. Destructively, ruinously. *Per-ni-cious-ness (per-nlsh'us- N n£s), n. The quality of being pernicious. Per-o-ra-tion ( y per-6-ra'shun), n. The conclusion of an oration. *Per-pen-di-cle (p^r-pen'de^kl), n. Aplumbline; any thing hang- ing perpendicularly. Per-pen-dic-u-lar fper-pe'n-dlk'- u N lar), a. Cutting at right an- gles : — n., a line crossing another at right angles ; any thing at right angles: Per-pen-dic-u-lar-i-ty ( N p§r-p§n Mlk-u-lar'e x te), n. The state of being perpendicular. Per-pen-dic-u-lar-ly ( x per-p§n- dlk'u x lar-le), ad. So as to cut at right angles ; at right angles. Per-pe-trate (per'peHrate), v. t. To commit (generally in a bad sense). Per'pe x tra-ting, p. prs. Per-pe-tra-tion ( v p£r-p£-tra'- shun), n. The act of committing a wrong. *PER-PE-TRA-TOR(peYpe x tra-tur)M. One who perpetrates a wrong. Per-pet-u-al (per-petsh'u^al), a. Lasting, continual. f 32* Per-pet-u-al-ly (per-petsh 'u x al- le), ad. Constantly, continually. Per-pet-tt-ate (plr-petsh'u'ate), v. t. To make perpetual ; to eternize. [147-10.] Per-pet'u x a-ting, p. prs. Per-pet-tj-a-tion (p£ r v petsh-u- a'- shun), n. The act of rendering perpetual. *PER-PE-TU-i-TY( > p§r-pe-tu , e x te),n. Duration to all futurity, f Per-plex (per-pleks')> v. t. [prs. t. 3, perplexes.] To entangle; to embarrass ; to make intricate; to puzzle. [69-3.] [177-9.] Per-plex-ed-ly (per-pl^ks'ed v le), ad. Intricately. *Per-plex-i-ty (per-pleks'e v te), n. Intricacy ; anxiety ; entan- glement. Per-plexVties, n. pi. *Per-qui-site (peVkweMt), n. A fee or allowance in addition to wages. Per-qui-si-tion fper-kwe-zish'- un), n. A search ; an inquiry. Per-ry (peVre), n. The juice of pears fermented. Per-se-cute (peVse x kute), v. t. To pursue with malignity; to im- portune much; to harass with penalties. [38-25.] Per'se v cu-ting, p. prs. Per-se-ctj-tion (^r-sevku'shun), n. The act or practice of per- secuting. [269-10.] *Per-se-cu-tor (p£r'se x ku-tur), n. One who persecutes. *Per-se-ve-rance (^per-se-ve 7 - ranse), n. Constancy ; steadi- ness in pursuits. [98-36.] Per-se-vere (Y^r-s^-veer 7 ), v. i. To persist in an attempt; to con- tinue, (ap. p. — in.) [56-8.] [382-15.] x Per-se-ve'ring, p. prs. *Per-si-flage ( v par-s£-flazh / ), n. Light, idle talk. *Per-sim-mon (per-slm'mun), n. A tree and its fruit. - 377 PER PER Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, PER Per-sist (per-sist'), v. i. To perse- vere ; to continue firm. (ap. p. — in.) [149-14.] [220-14.] Per-sist-ence (per-slst'ense), ) *PER-siST-EN-CY(per-sist / en'se), J n. Steadiness, constancy. *Per-sist-ent (per-slst'ent), a. Steady ; continuing. Per-son (peVsn), n. An individ- ual; a human being; exterior appearance ; character ; in Gram- mar, an inflection which distin- guishes the speaker, the hearer, and that which is spoken of. Per-son-a-ble (per'sun v a-bl), a. Handsome, graceful. Per-son-age (peVsunlje), n. A person of note. [279-28.] *Per-son-al (per'siWal), a. Be- longing to men or women ; pe- culiar ; affecting individuals ; corporal; on persons, as a per- sonal tax; appendant to a per- son, as personal property. PER-soN-AL-i-TY( x per-sun-al'le x t&), n. Individuality; the state of being a person ; a disparaging personal reflection. * x Per-so-nalYties, n. pi. Per-son-al-ly (per's&n x al-le), ad. In person. Per-son-ate (peYsdVate), v. t. To represent; to counterfeit. [64-9.] Per'son x a-ting, p.prs. Per-son-a-tion fper-sun-a'shun), n. The act of personating. *Per-son-a-tor (per'sun N a-tur), n. One who personates. Per-son-i-fi-ca-tion (peYs&n-e- fe-ka'shun), n. The representa- tion of inanimate things as hav- ing life and intelligence. f Per-son-i-fy (per-s6n'e v fl), v. t [prs. t. 3, PERSONIFIES.] To represent things as having the properties of persons. Per-son'iVi-ed, p. prf. *PER-soN-NEL( N par-s6-n^l') ? n. The persons employed in a particular branch of the public service. 378 Per-spect-ive (per-spektlv), n. The art of representing objects on plane surfaces as they appear to the eye; a glass through which objects are viewed; view, representation [274-2] : — a., op- tical; pertaining to perspective or vision. *Per-spi-ca-cious (Yer-spe-ka'- shus), a. Quicksighted, acute. *"Per-spi-cac-i-ty fper-spe-kas'- seHe), n. Quickness of sight ; acuteness of discernment.f *PER-sPi-cu-i-TY( N p^r-spe-ku'eHe) Clearness to the mind. Per-spic-u-ous (per-spik'u^us), a. Easily understood ; clear. Per-spic-u-ous-ly (per-spik'u^us le), ad. Clearly, not obscurely. *Per-spi-ra-bil-i-ty (per N spl-ra- bil'l&He), n. State of being per- spirable. Per-spi-ra-ble (per-spl'ra N bl), a. Possible to be perspired. *Per-spi-ra-tion ( N per-spe-ra' shun), n. Excretion by the pores of the skin ; sweat. ^PER-SPi-RA-TOR(per-spi / ra v tur),«. In Hydropathy, a sweating-cra- dle, made of wicker-work. Per-spire (per-splre'), v. i. or v. t. To emit by the pores of the skin ; to sweat. Per-spi'ring, p. prs. *Per-sua-da-ble (per-swa'da^bl), a. Capable of being persuaded; persuasible. Per-suade (per-swade'), v. t. To bring to an opinion; to induce ; to convince ; to influence. [79-31.] [171-4.] Per-sua'ding, p. prs. Per-sua-der (per-swa'dur), n. One who persuades. Per-sua-si-bil-i-ty (per v swa-ze- bll'le'te), n. State of being persuasible. *Per-sua-si-ble (per-swa'se x bl), a. Capable of being persuaded ; open to persuasion. Per-sua-sion (per-swa'zhiln), n. The act of persuading ; suasion ; opinion; belief. [113-16.]f Per-sua-sive (per-swa'siv), a. Having the power to persuade [53-1]: — n. that which persuades. Per-s u a-sive-l y (per-swa'siv v le), ad. In a persuasive manner. Per-sua-sive-ness (p^r-swa'^lv- x nes), n. Power of persuasion. ^Per-sua-sor-y (per-swa'surVe), a. Having the power to persuade. Pert, a. Brisk, smart; imperti- nent, saucy, bold. [234-6.] Per-tain (per-tane')> v. i. To re- late to; to belong, {ap. p. — to.) Per-ti-na-cious fper-tl-na'shus), a. Obstinate, stubborn; constant. *Per-ti-na-cious-ly ( v per-te-na'- shus x le), ad. Obstinately, stub- bornly. *Per-ti-nac-i-ty (^per-te-nas'se- He), n. Obstinacy. Per-ti-nence (per'te^nense), ) *Per-ti-nen-cy (per'te N nen-se), ) n. Propriety to the purpose ; appositeness, suitableness. Per-ti-nent (peVte x nent), a. Ap- propriate to the purpose ; appo- site, suitable. PER-Ti-NENT-LY(per'te^nent-le),a n. pi. *Pha-lax'ges, J Pha-lanx (fa/langks or fal'angks), n. One of the small bones which form the lingers and toes. Pha-lan-ges (fa-lan'jeez), n. pi. *Phan-tasm (fan'tazm), ». Vain and airy appearance : a vision. 379 PHB PHI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, PHO #Phan-tas-ma-go-ri-a (fanHas- ina-g6're x a), n. An optical il- lusion. Phan-ta-sy. See fantasy. Phan-tom (fan'tum), n. An appa- rition; a fancied vision. [172-5.] *PHAR-i-SA-i-cAL( x far-e-sa'e N kal), a. Like the Pharisees ; exter- nally religious. *Phar-i-sa-ism (far'e v sa-izm), n. The doctrine of the Pharisees. *Phar-i-se-an (^far-e-se'an), a. Resembling the Pharisees. *Phar-i-see (far'e x see), n. A Jew strict in the performance of re- ligious ceremonies. *Phar-ma-ceu-tic ffar-ma-su'- tik), a. Relating to pharmacy. *Phar-ma-cist (far'ma^ist), n. One who prepares medicines. PHAR-MA-coL-o-GiST( x far-ma-k61 / - 16\jist), n. A pharmacist. Phar-ma-col-o-gy ffar-ma-k61'- 16 x je), 11. Pharmacy. *Phar-ma-co-pce-ia ( N far-ma-k6- pe'ya), n. A dispensatory. *Phar-ma-cy (far'ma'se), n. Art or practice of preparing medicines; trade, or place of business, of an apothecary. Phar'ma n cies, n. pi. Pha-ros (fa'r6s), n. A lighthouse. ■^Pha'ros^es, n.pl. *Phase (faze), n. Appearance of any celestial body. Pha-ses (fa'zez), n. pi. *Pha-sis (fa'sls), n. Phase. Pha-ses (fa'seez or fa'zeez), n. pi. *Pheas-ant (fez'ant), n. A bird. supposed to exist single, and to rise again from its own ashes. Phe'nix n es, ) , Phce'nix^esJ^' Phe-nom-e-nal (fe-n&m'e N nal), a. Relating to phenomena. *Phe-nom-e-non (fe-n6m'e v non), n. A remarkable appearance in na- ture, appearance. 380 Phe-nom'e v na, n. pi. *Phi-al (fi'al), n. A small glass bottle ; a vial. Phil-an-throp-ic ffll-an-^r&p'- 1k), a. Benevolent. Phil-an-thro-pist (fil-an'^r6 N plst),n. One who loves mankind. *PHiL-AN-THRO-PY(fil-an'£/tr6 x pe) : n. Love of mankind. *Phil-har-mon-ic ( v fil-har-m6n'- ik), a. Loving harmony. Phil-i-beg. See fillibeg. Phil-ip-pic (fll-lip'ik), n. An in- vective declamation. *Phi-lol-o-gist (fe-161'hVjist), n. One versed in philology. Phil-o-log-i-cal 0fil-6-16j'e x kal), a. Relating to philology ; criti- cal, grammatical. [349-23.] *Phi-lol-o-gy (fe-161'16 v je), n. The knowledge and study of Ian guages; criticism; grammatical learning. [238-20.] *Phil-o-math (fll'tfrnkih or fl'16- v ma^), n. A lover of learning. Phil-o-mel (fil'6Wl), ) *Phil-o-me-la (Til-6-me'la), J n ' The nightingale. *Phil-o-pe-na ( N fll-6-pe'na), n. A forfeit to be paid arising from a play with double kernels of almonds. Phi-lo-pro-gen-i-tive-ness (Yl- 16-pr6-jen , e A tlv-ne ! s), n. Love of offspring or of the young. Phi-los-o-pher (fe-l6s'6 x fur), n. A man deep in knowledge ; a lover of science. [77-27.]t *Phil-o-soph-ic ( v fll-6-z6f'lk), a. Philosophical. PHiL-o-soPH-i-cAL( v fil-6-z6f'e v kal) a. Belonging to philosophy ; calm ; rational, wise. [67-14.] Phil-o-soph-i-cal-ly ( x fll-6-z6f- e x kal-le), ad. In a philosophical manner. *PHiL-os-o-PHiSM(fll-6s' fra~ze-&r / ld^e), n. Manner of expression ; dic- tion; style. [237.] \Phra-se-oi/o v gies, n. pi. *Phren-et-ic (fren-et'lk),a. Mad, frantic : — n., a madman : — often written frenetic. Phren-o-log-i-cal ( r fren-o-l&j'e- v kal), a. Relating to phrenology. Phren-ol-o-gist (fren-61'l6 v jlst), n. One versed in phrenology. *Phren-ol-o-gy (fren-61'l6 v je), n. The science which determines the qualities of the mind by the shape of the brain or skulL Phren-sy. See frenzy. *Phthis-ic (tlz'ik), n. A con- sumption ; asthma. *Phthi-sis (thi'sls, tl'sls, or te'- sls), n. Consumption, decline. *Phy-lac-ter-y (fe-lak'teYre), n. A bandage on which was in- scribed some scriptural sentence, Phy-lac'ter x ies, n. pi. Phys-ic (flz'ik), n. The science of healing ; medicine : — v. t. } to treat with physic ; to cure. *Phys'ick x ing, p. pr8. Phys'ick-ed, p. prf. *Phys-i-cal (fiz'e'kal), a. Rela- ting to nature ; medicinal ; natu- ral; bodily. [382-1.] Phys-i-cal-ly (fiz'e v kal-le), ad. According to nature. *Phy-si-cian (fe-zish'an), n. One who professes the art of healing. Phys-ics (flz'lks), n. pi. The science of natural objects. *Phys-i-og-no-mist ( v flz-e-&g / n6- y mlst), n. One versed in physi- ognomy. Phys-i-og-no-my ( v fiz-e-6g'n6^me), n. The art of discovering char- acter from the countenance; cast of countenance. *Phys-i-o-log-i-cal (Mlz-e-o-loj'- e v kal), a. Pertaining to physiology. PHYS-I-0L-0-GIST( X flZ-e-6ri6 X jlst>l. One versed in physiology. *Phys-i-ol-o-gy pflz-e-6l'l6'je), n. The science which treats of the properties and functions of or- ganized bodies. *Phy-tol-o-gy (fl-t&l'16 v je), n. The doctrine of plants, botany. *Pi ) , n f In Printing, a con- Pie ) ^ " n ' \ fused mass of type. *Pi-ac-u-lar (pi-ak'u x lar), a. Ex- piatory; criminal. *Pi-a-Ma-ter ( v pl-a-ma'tur), n. A membrane which covers the brain and spinal marrow. Pi-an-ist (pi-an'ist), n. A performer on the piano. Pi-an-o (pe-an'6), *Pi-an-o-Forte (pe-an'& x f6rt) Pi-AN-o-FoR-TE(pe-an'6 N f6r-te) A keyed musical instrument. *Pi-an'os, ] Pi-an'o- v Fortes, > n. pi. Pi-an'o- n For-tes, J *Pi-az-z a (pe-az'za), n. A portico, a covered walk supported by pillars. *Pi-broch (pi'br&k), n. A wild, Highland melody, played on the bagpipe. *Pi-ca (pl'ka), n. A kind of type, )\n. *Pic-a-roon ( x pik-a-r66n'), n. A robber, a plunderer. *Pic-a-yune ('pik-a-yune'), n. A small coin worth 6£ cents. Pick (pik), v. t. To choose ; to se- lect ; to gather ; to separate ; to peck: — n., a sharp-pointed tool ; selection. sharp point. Pick'ax x es, n. pi. Pick-ed (pik'ed), a. Pointed : — sometimes written piked. Pick-ed-ness (pik'ked'nes), n. Pointedness. *Pick-er-el (plk'urll), n. A kind of small pike ; a fish. Pick-et (pik'e't), n. An outguard ; a sharp stake. Pick-le (pik'kl), n. A salt liquor ; a thing kept in pickle; plight: — v. t., to preserve in pickle. Pick'ling, p. prs. Pick-lock (plk'l6k), n. The person or tool that picks looks. Pick-pock-et (plk'p&k x klt), n. A thief who steals from the pocket. Pick-thank (pik'^angk), n. An officious person. *Pic-to-ri-al (pik-t6're x al), a. Having, or resembling, pictures; illustrated. [37-19.] Pic-TURE (plk'tshur), v. t. To paint; to represent: — n., a re- semblance of persons or things in colors; a painting; an engra- ving ; a drawing. Pic'tu v ring, p. prs. *Pic-tu-resque ( N pik-tshu-resk'), a. Like a picture; wild and beautiful. [37.] Pid-dle (pld'dl), v. i. To feed squeamishly ; to trifle. Pid'dling, p. prs. Pie (pi), n. A crust baked with something in it; a magpie; a confused mass of type : — see pi. * Pie-bald (pl'bald), a. Of various colors. 381 PIG PIL Fate, far, fell, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, PIN Piece (peese), n. A part; a patch; a picture ; a composition ; a gun ; a coin i-^-v. t., to enlarge by the addition of a piece; to splice ; to join. *Pie'cing, p. prs. * Piece-meal (peese'meel), ad. In pieces : — a., separate, divided. *Pi-ed (plde), a. Variegated, party-eolored, speckled. *Pier (p£er), n. A projecting wharf; the column on which the arch of a bridge is raised. Pierce (peerse), v. t. To make way by force : — v. L, to penetrate ; to enter ; to affect with anguish. *Pier'cing, p. pre. *Pierce-a-ble (peerse'a'bl), a. Possible to be penetrated. Pier-cer (peer'sur), n. An instru- ment that bores or penetrates. *Pier-glass (peer'glas), n. A mirror for hanging between windows. Pier'glass v es, n. pi. *Pi-e-ri-an (pl-e're x an), a. Rela- ting to poetry or to the muses. Pi-e-tism (pi'eHizm), n. Strict piety. *Pi-e-tist (pl'eHlst), n. One who professes great piety. Pi-e-ty (pl'eHe), n. Discharge of duty to Grod or to parents ; god- liness. [32-ll.]f P!g, n. A young swine ; an oblong mass of lead or iron not forged. "*Pi-GEON (plj'ln), n. A bird. Pi-geon-Hole (plj 'indole), n. A cavity in a case for papers. Pig-ger-y (pig'guVre), n. A place for pigs. *Pig'ger n ies, n. pi. Pig-gin (plg'gin), n. A small wooden tub. *Pig-got (plg'gut),™. A weight of steel containing 120 pounds. Pig-ment (plg'm^nt), n. Paint. PlG-MY. See PYGMY. PiG-No-RA-TioN( x plg-n6-ra'shun),«. The act of pledging. Pig-nut (plg'nut), n. A peanut. 382 Pig-tail (pig'tale), n. A cue; a twist or roll of tobacco. PIke, n. A fish ; a lance used by soldiers ; a tool. Piked. See picked. Pike-staff (ptke'staf), n. The wooden pole of a pike. *Pike'staffs, n. pi. *Pi-las-ter (pe-las'tur), n. A square column usually set in a wall and projecting about one- fourth of its width. PtLE, n. A strong piece of wood driven into the ground; an edifice; heap: — vX, to heap; to drive piles. Pi'ltng, p. prs. Pil-fer (pil'fur), v. t. To steal things of little value. f Pil-fer-er (pil'fur v ur), n. One who steals petty things. *Pil-gar-lic (pil-gar'lik), n. One who has lost his hair; a for- saken wretch. Pil-grim (pll'grim), n. One who travels for a religious object: — a., travelling like a pilgrim. [31-8.] Pil-grim-age (pll'grlinlje), n. A journey on account of devotion; a visit to a place esteemed sa- cred. [285.] PIll, n. A medicine made into a small ball ; any thing nauseous. Pil-lage (pil'lije), v. t. or v. i. To rob; to plunder: — n., booty. ^Pil'la^ging, p. prs. *Pil-la-ger (pil'la^jur), n. One who plunders. Pil-lar (pll'lur), n. A column ; a supporter. -*-Pil-lar-ed (pil'lurd), a. Sup- ported by columns. *Pill-ion (pil'yun), n. A soft saddle for a woman to ride on ; a pad. Pil-lo-ry (pll'luYr£), n. A frame erected on a pillar, and made with holes and folding boards through which the heads and hands of criminals are put: — v. t. f to punish with the pillory. *PlL'LOR X IES, 11. pi. 9M&pr8. t, 3. *Pil'lorVed, p.prf. Pil-low (pil'16), n. A cushion of feathers, &c. to rest the head upon: — v. t., to rest or lay the head on. *Pi-lose (pl-ldse'), ) tj. . Pi-lous (pi'lus), J a ' HaiI > *Pi-los-i-ty (pe46s'e v te), n. Hair- iness. Pi-lot (pl'lut), n. One who steers a ship, &c. ; a guide [376] : — v. t., to steer; to direct the course of any thing, as a ship. Pi-lot-age (pl'lut'ije), n. The hire or office of a pilot. Pi-lous. See pilose. *Pi-men-ta (pe-meVta), n. A kind of spice, allspice: — often written pimento. PImp, n. A pander; one who ca- ters to the passions of others. Pim-per-nel (plm'puYnel), n. A plant. Pim-ple (plm'pl), n. A small, red pustule ; a blotch. *Pim-pled (plin'pld), a. Full of pimples. PIn, n. A short, pointed wire with a head, used to fasten clothes; a peg, a bolt: — v. t., to fasten with pins ; to join ; to make fast. Pin'ning, p. prs. Pin'ned, p. prf. *Pin-a-fore (pln'a v f6re), ». A child's apron. *'Pin-cers (pin'surz), n. pi. An in- strument with which nails are drawn. Pinch (pinsh), v. t. To squeeze, as between the fingers ; to press hard; to straiten; to gall: — v. i. f to squeeze or press hard: — n., a painful squeeze ; a small quantity contained between the finger and thumb; time of distress; diffi- culty. [208-7.] Pinch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Pinch-beck (pinsh'be'k), n. An alloy of copper and zinc. PIO PIR ndr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 6il — pMnd — thin, THis. PIT *Pin-cush-ion (pln'kushln), n. A small bag stuffed to stick pins in. PIne, v. i. To languish ; to lose flesh ; to wear away : — n., a tree. Pi'ning, p. prs. *Pine-ap-ple (pine'ap v pl), n. A plant and its fruit. PlN-FEATH-ER (pln'f^TH^Ur), W. A small feather, not fully grown. *Pin-ion (pin'yun), n. The joint of the wing remotest from the body ; a strong wing ; a small toothed wheel ; the tooth of a wheel ; fetters for the arms [61-9] [315-6]:— v. t., to bind the wings; to shackle. Pink (pingk), n. A small, fragrant flower; a slight-red color; any thing supremely excellent : — v. t., to pierce in small holes; to make eyelet holes. Pin-mon-ey (pin'mun^ne), n. A wife's pocket-money. *Pin-nace (pln'nas), n. A boat belonging to a ship of war; a small vessel. *Pin-na-cle (pln'naMd), n. A turret; a spiring point [165-8] [72] : — v. t., to make pinnacles. PInt, n. One-eighth of a dry or fluid gallon; in Medicine, one- eighth of a wine-gallon, contain- ing 16 (U.S.) or 20 fluidounces (G. Britain) : — see gallon. Pin-tle (pin'tl), n. A little pin ; a long, iron bolt. *Pi-ny (pi'ne), a. Abounding with pine-trees ; resembling pine. *Pi-o-neer (Yi-o-neer'), n. One whose business it is to prepare the way for others [237-8] : — v. t., to open the way by remov- ing obstructions. Pe-o-ny (pe'uVne), \n. A large pi'tlnW), j flower. *Pi-on-y (pi' PeVnies, ) 7 PiVnies, W 1 Pi-ous (pi'us), a. Careful of the duties of religion; distinguished for piety, devout, godly. *Pi-ous-ly (pl'us x le), ad. In a pious manner, devoutly. Pip, n. A disease in fowls ; a spot on cards ; the seed of an apple : — v. i., to chirp as a chicken. Pip'ping, p. prs. Pip'ped, p. prf. PipE, n. A tube; an instrument of music ; a wine-cask of 126 gallons ; a beer-cask of 108 gal- lons; the contents of a pipe; a butt : — see gallon : — v. ?., to play on the pipe; to whistle. Pi'ping, p. prs. Pipe-clay (plpe'kla), n. A white clay used for pipes. Pi-per (pl'pur), u. One who plays on the pipe. Pip-er-in } / z rz \s \ f The *P I p-EB-iN E }(P i P 4rln M active principle of black pepper. Pip-kin (pip'kin), n. A small earthen boiler. -Pip-pin (pip'pln), n. A species of spotted apple. *Piqu-an-cy (pik'kan^se),?!. Sharp- ness, tartness, pungency. *Piqu-ant (plk'kant), a. Sharp, severe, pricking, pungent. Piqu-ant-ly (plk'kant v le), ad. Sharply, tartly. *Pique (peek), n. Ill-will; petty malevolence ; offense taken : — v. t., to touch with envy ; to of- fend; to value; to pride one's self; to nettle : — see ingratiate. -Piqu-ing (peeking), p. prs. *Pi-quet (pe-ket'), n. A game at cards. Pi-ra-cy (pl'ra v se), n. The act of robbing on the sea; literary theft. *Pi'ra x cies, n. pi. Pi-rate (pl'rat), n. A sea-robber: — v. i., to rob by sea : — v. t., to take by robbery. Pi'raVing, p. prs. Pi-rat-i-cal (pi-rat'e'kal),a. Prac- ticing robbery on the high seas. Pi-rat-i-cal-ly (pi-rat'e v kal-le), ad. In the manner of pirates. Pi-rogue (pe-rdgO, ». A canoe formed out of the trunk of a tree. *Pir-ou-ette ( v pir-66-eY), n. A whirl in dancing. Pis-ca-tor-y (pis'kaHiir-r&), a. Relating to fish. Pis-ces (pls'sez), n. The twelfth sign in the zodiac, the Fishes. Pis-civ-o-rous (pis-siv'6Vus), a. Eating fish. PisH, in. An exclamation of con- tempt. Pis-mire (piz'mire or pls'mlre), n. An ant or emmet. *Pis-ta-chio (pls-ta'shd), n. A nut. Pis-ta'chios, n. pi. Pis-ta-reen ^p^-ta-Teen'), n. A silver coin, valued at 17 cents. Pis-tol (pls'tul), n. A small hand- gun : — v. t. y to shoot with a pistol. Pis 'tolling, ) *PlS'TOL > LING, J P'P r8 ' Pis'tol-ed, 1 ~ *Pis'toll-ed, J P-PV' Pis-tole (pls-t61e'), n. A gold coin, in Spain, worth $3.90, in Germany and Italy, of less or greater value. Pis-ton (pls'tun), n. The movable cylinder in a pump or syringe. Pit, n. A hole in the ground ; a grave; part of a theatre; a mark left by disease ; a hollow : — v. t., to indent; to set in competition. Pit'ting, p. prs. Pit'ted,^. prf. *Pit-a-pat (pit-pat), n. A flut- ter, a palpitation. Pitch (pitsh), n. The resin of the pine; any degree of elevation; degree; size [100-25] [347-10] : v. t. [prs. t. 3, pitches], to fix, to plant; to throw headlong; to smear with pitch : — v. %., to fall headlong; to plunge, (ap. p. — upon, on.) *Pitch-er (pltsh'ur), n. A vessel for holding or pouring liquids. Pitch-fork (pltsh'fdrk), n. A fork for pitching hay, &c. o83 PIX PLA Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, PLA *Pitch-i-ness (pitsh'e^nes), n. Blackness, darkness. Pitch-pipe (pltsh'plpe), n. An instrument to give the key of a tune. Pitch-y (pitsh'e), a. [pitchier — pitchiest.] Smeared with pitch, like pitch ; black. Pit-coal (pit'kole), n. Fossil coal. *Pit-e-ous (pit'e v us), a. Sorrow- ful, mournful; compassionate. Pit-e-ous-ly (plt'e x us-le), ad. In a piteous manner. *Pit-fall (pit'fal), n. A pit dug and covered. [166-11.] Pith (pith), n. Marrow; a soft substance in plants; strength; energy, cogency; principal part; quintessence. Pith-i-ly (pi^'e'le), ad. With strength, with cogency. *Pith-i-ness (pi^'e x nes), n. En- ergy, cogency, strength. PiTH-LESs(pM'les),a. Without pith. Pith-y (pi^'e), a. [pithier — pithiest.] Strong, energetic. *Pit-i-a-ble (pit'e x a-bl), a. De- serving pity, lamentable. Pit-i-ful (pitiful), a. Moving to compassion, tender; melan- choly; paltry. *Pit-i-ful-ly (pitWul-le), ad. Mournfully ; with pity ; meanly. *Pit-i-ful-ness (plt'e x ful-n§s), n. Tenderness, compassion. *Pit-i-less (plt'e v le , s), a. Wanting pity ; without compassion. *Pit-tance (plt'tanse), n. A small portion; a trifle. [184-15.] *Pi-tu-i-tous (pe- tu'e^tus), a. Con- sisting of phlegm or mucus. Pit-y (plt'e), v. t. [prs. t. 3, pit- ies.] To compassionate ; to have sympathy for: — v. i,, to be compassionate : — »., compassion tenderness, sympathy. *Pit'i-ed, p. prf. Piv-ot (piv'ut), n. A pin on which any thing turns. Pix. See pyx. 384 PLA-cA-BiL-i-TYppJa-ka-bil'leHe), n. Quality of being placable. *PLA-CA-BLE(pla'ka y bl), a. Will- ing to forgive; possible to be appeased. *PLA-cARD(pla-kard'),M. A printed notification posted up ; an edict : — v. t., to post publicly. Pla-cate (pla'kate), v. t. To con- ciliate ; to appease. Pla'ca^ting, p. prs. Place (plase), n. Locality ; space ; residence; situation; rank; of- fice : — v. t., to put in place ; to fix; to establish ; to dispose. Pla'cing, p. prs. Place-man (plase'man), n. One who holds a public station. Place'men, n. pi. *Pla-cer (pla-sare' or pla-sare'), n. A place where gold dust is found. ^*§** The Spanish pronunciation of placer is pla-^are'. *Plac-id (plas'sld), a. Gentle, quiet; soft, mild. [70-10.] [380-17.] *Plac-id-i-ty (plas-sld'eHe), n. Calmness, quiet. PLAC-iD-LY(plas'sld v l£),ac?.Calmly, quietly. Pla-gi-a-rism (pla'jTa-rlzm), n. Literary theft. *Pla-gi-a-rist (pla/je x a-rist), } *Pla-gi-a-ry (pla'je-aVe), ) n ' One who steals the writings of another. [233.] Pla'gi-a n ries, n. pi. Pla-gi-a-rize (pla'je^a-rlze), v. t. To steal the writings of another. Pla'gi x a-ri v zing, p. prs. Plague (plag), n. A pestilence ; a disease ; any thing vexatious : — v. t., to trouble ; to harass. *Pla-guing (pla'glng), p. prs. *Pla-gui-ly (pla'ge v le), ad. Vex atiously, horribly. *Pla-guy (pla'ge), a. Vexatious. Plaid (plad), n. A variegated cloth ; a scarf-like garment. Plain (plane), a. Smooth, level, flat ; without disguise ; artless ; evident, clear : — ad., distinctly ; simply : — n., level ground ; flat expanse ; a field of battle : — v. t., to level ; to make even. PLAiN-DEAL-iNG(plane-deel'lng),a. Honest; acting without art: — n., management void of art. Plain-ly (plane'le), acL In a plain manner, without ornament; sin- cerely ; clearly. *Plain-ness (plane'ngs), n. Art- lessness ; levelness, flatness. *Plain-spo-ken (plane'\sp6-kn),a. Speaking frankly. Plaint (plant), n. Complaint. *Plaint-iff (plant'if), n. One who commences a lawsuit. * Plaint- i ve (plant'iv), a. Com- plaining, sorrowful. [18-1.] *Plaint-ive-ly (plant'lv v le), ad. Expressing sorrow or grief. Plaint-ive-ness (plant'lvWs), n. Quality of being plaintive. --Plait (plate), n. A fold in a gar- ment ; a double: — v. t, to fold; to double ; to braid. Plan, n. A scheme, form, model, any thing devised : — v. t., to form in design; to model; to sketch; to scheme. Plan'ning, p. prs. Plan'ned, p. prf. Planch (plantsh), v. t. To cover with planks ; to plank. *Planch-et (plantsh'et), n. A flat piece of metal prepared for receiving the stamp of a coin. Plane, w. A joiner's tool; a level surface : — v. t., to smooth with a plane : — a., level, even. *Pla'ning, p. prs. Plan-er (plane'ur), n. One who planes. Plan-et (plan'it), n. A celestial body revolving round the sun. *Plan-e-ta-ri-um ( N plan-e-ta'r&- v um), n. A machine which illus- \ trates the motions of the planets. PLA PLA nor, not— tube, tub, bull— 6il — pSund- ■thm, THis. PLE *Plan-e-ta-ry (plan'eHa-re), a. Pertaining to the planets. [77.] Plan-et-struck (plan'it v struk), a. Blasted by a planet. Pla-nim-e-try (pla-nlm'eHre), n. Mensuration of plane surfaces. Plan-ish (plan'ish), v. t. [prs. U 3, planishes.] To polish; to smooth. *Plan-i-sphere (plan'e^sfere), n. A sphere projected on a plane. Plank (plangk), n. Sawed timber thicker than a board : — v. L, to cover or lay with planks. *Plan-ner (plan'nur), n. One who plans j. a contriver. *Pla-no-con-cave ( v pla-n6-k6n'- kave), a. Flat on one side and concave on the other. *Pla-no-con-vex ( v pla-n6-k6n'- veks), a. Flat on one side and convex on the other. Plant, n. Any vegetable produc- tion; a tree, an herb: — v. t., to set ; to place ; to settle ; to es- tablish : — v. i., to act as planter. *Plant-ain (plant'ln), n. A tree and its fruit. Plant-a-tion (plant-a'shun), n. A place planted; a cultivated estate; a colony. Plant-er (plant'ur), n. One who cultivates or owns a plantation. Plant-er-ship (plant'ur v ship), n. The business of a planter. Plash, v. i. To dabble in water: — v. t. y to interweave branches : — n., a small lake of water; a puddle ; a branch cut and inter- woven with other branches. Plash'es, n. pi. and £>?**. t. 3. Plash-y (plash'e), a. [plashier — plashiest.] Watery ; filled with puddles. Plas-ter (plas'tur), n. Substance made of lime, sand, and hair, with which walls are overlaid ; gypsum prepared for casting ; a salve : — v. t.y to overlay as with a plaster ; to smooth over. Z Plas-ter-er (plas't&r N ur), n. One who overlays walls with plaster. *Plas-tic (plas'tik), a. Having power to give form; moulding. [79-14.] *Plas-tic-i-ty (plas-tis'se'te), n. The quality of being plastic. Plat, v. t. To weave ; to make by texture: — n., a small piece of ground ; work platted. Plat'ting, p. prs. Plat'ted, p. prf. Plate, n. Wrought silver ; a small shallow vessel on which meat is eaten ; a prize at races ; an en graving: — v. t., to cover with plates; to beat into laminae or Pla'ting, p. prs. *Pla-teau (pla-t&O, n. A flat space; a table-land. Pla-teaux', ) 7 Pla-teaus',;"-^- Plate-glass (plate'glas), n. A kind of glass used for mirrors. *Plat-en (plat'en), n. The flat part of a printing-press against which the impressions are made. Plat-form (plat'fdrm), n. A hori- zontal plain; a foundation; a plan, a scheme; a system of doctrines, f Plat-i-na (plat'e'na), In. A *Plat-i-num (platinum) j very infusible, heavy, and malleable metal. *Plat-i-tude (platitude), n. A dull, coarse, or vulgar remark ; insipidity. Pla-ton-ic (pla-t6n'lk), a. Purely spiritual ; relating to the philos- ophy of Plato. Pla-toon (pla-t66n'), n. A small body of musketeers ; two files of a company. [for the table. Plat-ter (plat'tdr), n. A large dish Plau-dit (plaw'dit), n. Applause. *Plau-si-bil-i-ty ( N plaw-ze-bil'le- x te), n. State of being plausible; show of right. [265-11.] 33 Plau-si-ble (plaw'ze'bl), a. Su- perficially pleasing ; specious ; having the appearance of truth.f Plau-si-ble-ness (plaw'ze x bl-nes) n. Show of right, speciousness. PLAu-si-BLY(plaw'ze N ble),ad.With fair show, speciously. Plau-sive (plaw'zlv), a. Applaud- ing, giving applause. Play (pla), v. i. To sport; to toy; to frolic; to trifle; to game; to represent a character : — v. t. f to use an instrument of music; to perform (ap. p.— on, upon, with): — n., amusement, sport ; a game, a drama ; action. Play-bill (pla'bil), n. An ad- vertisement of a play. Play-er (pla'dr), n. One who plays. Play-fel-low (pla'fel v 16), n, A companion in amusement. ' Play-ful (pla'ftil), a. Sportive. Play-house (pla'hduse), n. A house for plays or theatrical performances. Play-hous-es (pla'hduzlz), n. pi. Play-mate (pla'mate), n. A play- fellow ; a companion. Play-thing (placing), n. A toy. *Plea (plee), n. The act or form of pleading ; an excuse ; urgent entreaty. Plead (pleed), v. i. [pleaded Or PLED PLEADED Or PLED.] To argue before a court of jus- tice; to speak for or against; to reason with another; to suppli- cate earnestly : — v. t., to defend ; to discuss ; to allege in de- fence. [339.] *Plead-er (pleed'ur), n. One who pleads. Pleas-ant (pleYant), a. Delight- ful; cheerful; affording pleas- ure, {ap. p. — to.) Pleas-ant-ly (plez'ant v le), ad. So as to please, gayly. Pleas-ant-ness (plez'ant v nes), w. Delightsomeness, cheerfulness. 335 PLE PLI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, PLTJ *Pleas-ant-ry (plez'antYe), n, Gayety, merriment, cheerfulness. Please (pleez), v. t. To gratify; to delight; to afford pleasure (ap. p. — with) : — v. %., to choose ; to like ; to comply. Pleas'ing, p. prs. Pleas-ing-ly (pleez'ing N le), ad. So as to give delight. Pleas-ing-ness (pl?ez'lng v nes), n. The quality of giving pleasure *Pleas-u-ra-ble (plezh'uVa-bl), a. Delightful, giving pleasure. Pleas-u-ra-bly (plezh'uVa-ble), ad. With pleasure. Plea-sure (plezh'ur), n. Delight; gratification; arbitrary will: — v. i., to seek for enjoyment. Pleasuring, p. prs. *Ple-be-ian (ple-be'yan), n. One of the lower people [185-13] :■ a'., vulgar, common. *Ple-be-ian-ism (ple-be'yan^lzm), n. Vulgarity; manners of the common people. Vlbd, pst. t. and p. prf. of plead. Pledge (pledje), n. A gage, pawn, or surety [277-19] : — v. t., to put in pawn; to drink together; to warrant; to secure. Pledg'ing, p. prs. *Pledg-et (pledj'lt), n. A small mass of lint for wounds. Ple-iad (ple'yad), n. One of the Seven Stars. *PLE-iA-DEs(ple , yaMe^z) ) 7 Ple-iads (ple'yads), / n * * L The Seven Stars, a cluster in the constellation Taurus. *Plen-a-ri-ly (plen'aVe-le or ple'naVe-le), ad. Fully. Plen-a-ry (plen'aYe or ple'naVe), a. Full, complete, entire. Pl en-ip-o-tence (plen-ip'c-Hense), n. Fulness of power. Plen-ip-o-tent (plen-lp'6He ; nt), a. Having full power. Plen-i-po-ten-tia-ry ( r plen-e-pd- ten'shaVe), n. A negotiator in- vested with full power. 386 -^Plen-i-po-ten'tia^ries, n. pl. Plen-i-tude (plen'e^tude), n. Ful- ness; exuberance; completeness. Plen-te-ous (plen'te x us), a. Co- pious, abundant. *Plen-te-ous-ly (plen'teMs-le), ad. Copiously, in abundance. PLEN-TE-ous-NESs(plen / te N us-nes), n. Abundance ; fertility. Plen-ti-ful (plen'te'ful), a. Co- pious, abundant. PLEN-Ti-FUL-LY(plen'te N ful-le),ad. Abundantly, copiously. PLEN-Ti-FUL-NESs(plen'teYul-nes), n. Abundance, fertility. Plen-ty (plen'te), n. Abundance; exuberance, full supply. *Ple-o-nasm (ple'6 x nazm), n. Re dundancy of words. *Pleth-o-ra (plM'dVa), ) Pleth-o-ry (plM'urYe), j n ' A superabundance of blood ; re- pletion; fulness. Ple-thor-ic (ple-^&rlk or pleW 6 x rik), a. Having a full habit of body. "*Pleu-ra (plu'ra), n. The serous, lining membrane of the chest. Pleu'rjE, n. pl. *Pleu-ri-sy (pluWse), n. An inflammation of the pleura. *Pleu-rit-ic (plu-rlt'lk), a. Re- lating to, or diseased with, the pleurisy. *Plex-i-form (pl£ks'e N fdrm), a. Having the form of network. Pli-a-bil-i-ty (yi-a-bll'leHe), n. The quality of being flexible. Pli-a-ble (pli'a x bl), a. Easy to be bent, flexible, limber. Pli-a-ble-ness (pliTbl-nes), n. Flexibility, pliancy. *Pli-an-cy (pli'an x se), n. Easiness to be bent, flexibility. Pli-ant (pii'ant), a. Bending ; pliable. Pli-ant-ness (pll'antfnes), n. Flexibility, pliableness. *Pli-er (pll'ur), n. One who, or that which, plies. *Pli-ers (pll'urz), n. pl. A kind of small pincers. Tjgit* Plier and pliers are im- properly written plyer and plyers. ^Plight (plite), v. t. To pledge : condition ; state ; case ; Plight-er (pllte'ur), n. One who pledges. *Plinth (-plinth), n. The square member which serves as a foun- dation to the base of a pillar. Pl6d, v. i. To toil ; to drudge ; to travel laboriously; to study closely and dully. Plod'ding, p. prs. Plod'ded, p. prf. Plod-der (plod'dur), n. One who plods ; a drudge. Pl6t, n. A small extent of ground ; a plan ; a conspiracy ; a strata- gem ; an intrigue :— -v. t. or v. i. f to contrive ; to make a plan of; to form schemes of mischief.f Plot'ting, p. prs. Plot'ted, p. prf. •'•'Plough ) , , H > [An agricul- Plow }(P 1M )>«-{ tural im- plement : — v. t. or v. i,, to turn with the plough ; to furrow. PLOUGH-A-BLE ) / i3s,4\i n Capable of being ploughed. Plough-boy j (plou'bde), n. A boy Plow-boy J who ploughs. Plough-man ) (plou'man), n. A Plow-man j man who ploughs. Plough'men, I j Plow'men, j n - P°- ^Plough-share | (m , Bhkn) Plow-share J vr " The part of a plough which cuts the ground. Plov-er (pluv'ur), n. A bird. Pluck (pliik), v. t. To pull with force; to draw; to strip by plucking; to snatch : — n., a pull; the heart, liver, and lights of an animal; courage. PLU PLI n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— Ml- -p5und — thin, THis. POE Plug, ft. A stopple, a stopper : — v. t., to stop with a plug. Plug'ging, p. prs. Plug'ged, p. prf. Plum, n. A tree and its fruit ; the sum of one hundred thousand pounds sterling. #Plu-mage (plu'mije),ft. Feathers of a bird. [269-4.] Plumb (pldm), n. A plummet ; a leaden weight let down at the end of a line : — a., perpendicu- lar : — ad., perpendicularly to the horizon : — v. t., to sound ; to ad- just with a plumbline. *Plumb-ing (plum'ming), p. pre. : — n., the art of working in lead. Plumb-ed (plumd), jp. prf. Plum-ba-go (pluin-ba'g6), n. Black-lead. *Plumb-er (plum'ur), ft. One who works upon lead. *Plumb-er-y (plum'ur x re), ft. The . work of a plumber. * Plumb-line (phim'llne), ft. A perpendicular line. Plume, n. A feather ; pride ; a to- ken of honor:- — v. t., to adjust, or to adorn with, feathers; to pride : — see ingratiate. [61-17.] Plu'ming, p. pre. Plum-met (plum'mlt), n. A leaden weight attached to a string ; a pencil of lead. Plu-mose (plu'm&se), } a. Fea- *Plu-mous (plu'mus), j thery. Plump, a. Sleek, full and smooth : — v. t., to fatten, to swell : — v. i., to grow fat; to fall or plunge heavily: — ad., with a sudden fall; heavily. Plump-er (phimp'ur), a. com.: — n., something to swell the cheeks ; a downright lie. Plump-ly (plump'le), ad. Fully, roundly, without reserve. Plump-ness (pliimp'ne's), n. Ful- ness; roundness. Plu-my (plu'me), a. Covered with feathers, adorned with plumes. Plun-der (plun'dur), v. t. or v. i. To pillage ; to rob : — n., pillage, spoils gotten in war, booty. Plun-der-er (phWddrNir), ft. A thief, a robber, a pillager. Plunge (plunje), v. t. To put- sud- denly under water ; to force in suddenly ; to immerse : — v. L, to plump ; to drive ; to rush : — n., act of putting or sinking under water (ap. p. — into) : — a., taken with a plunge, as a plunge bath. Plun'ging, p. pre. Plu-per-fect (plu-peVfe ! kt or plu'peVfe'kt), a. Expressing the time of an action that occurred before some other action. Plu-ral (plu'ral), a. Implying more than one. Plu-ral-i-ty (plu-ral'l&He 1 ), n. A number more than one ; the greater number : — see majority. *Plu-ral'i n ties, n. pi. Plu-ral-ly (plu'ral-l£), ad. In a sense implying more than one, Plus, ft. The sign [ + ] noting addition : — a., additive, as a plus quantity: — prp., added to; in- creased by; as 3 plus 5. Plush, n. A kind of shaggy cloth. Plush'es, n. pi. Plu-to (plu't6), ft. In Mythology, the god of the infernal regions. *Plu-to-ni-an (plu-td'ne^an), ) Plu-ton-ist (plu't6nlst), J One who maintains that geologi- cal changes are produced by fire Plu-ton-ic (plu-toVik), a. Kela- ting to Pluto or the Plutonists. Plu-vi-al (plu've^al), ) a. Wet, *Plu-yi-ous (plu've v us), j humid, rainy, relating to rain. *Plu-yi-am-e-ter ( x plu-v£-am'£- Hur), ft. A rain-gauge: — often written pluviometer. Ply (pit), v. t. To work at closely ; to solicit importunately: — v. %., to work closely ; to bend : — n., a fold or plait; a bend. Plies, ft. pi. and pre. t. 3. ■j,. Pli'ed, p. prf. Ply-er. See plier. *Pneu-mat-ic (nu-mat'ik), a. Re- lating to air, moved by air. Pneu-mat-ics (nu-mat'iks), ft. pi The science which treats of the properties of the air and other elastic fluids. *Pneu-mo-ni-a (nu-m6'ne x a), ] Pneu-mon-y (nu'm6n x e), Inflammation of the lungs. Poach (p6tsh), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, poaches.] To boil slightly ; to plunder by stealth; to steal game. *Poach-er (p6tsh'ur), n. One who steals game. Poach-y (p6tsh'e), a. [poachier — poachiest.] Wet, soft. Pock (p6k), n. A pustule raised by the small-pox. Pock-et (p6k'klt), ft. A small bag inserted into clothes : — v. t, to put in the pocket. Pock-et-book (p6k'^t x buk), ft. A book for the pocket. Pock-mark (p6k'mark), ft. The mark made by the small-pox. P6d, ft. The case of seeds. *Po-dag-ri-cal (p6-dag're v kal), a. Gouty. Po-em (p6'^m), ft. The work of a poet; a composition in verse.f *Po-e-sy (p6'e x se), n. The art of writing poems, poetry. Po-et (pd'St), ft. One who writes poetry. *Po-e-tas-ter (p6'eH£,s-tur), ft. A vile, petty poet. Po-et-ess (pd'St'Ss), w. A female who writes poetry. Po'et n ess-es, n. pi. Po-et-ic (p6-Mk), ) Po-et-i-cal ( P 6-eWkal), ^ j a ' Pertaining to poetry,imaginative. Po-et-i-cal-ly (pft-eY^kai-le), ad. With the qualities of poetry. Po-et-ize (pd'e 5 tlze), v. i. To write as a poet. Po'etVzing, p. prs. 387 POK POL Pate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, POL #Po-et-Lau-re-ate (po'et-law'- relt), ft. One whose duty is to celebrate in verse the birthday of a sovereign, &c. Po'ets-Lau're v ate, n. pi. Po-e-try (p6'eHre), n. The art or practice of writing in verse ; metrical composition ; poems. #Poig-nan-cy (p6e'nan v se), n. Asperity ; sharpness ; keenness. [87-31.] [276-11.] *Poig-nant (pde'nant), or. Keen, satirical ; acutely painful. Poig-nant-ly (p5e'nant x le), ad. Keenly, sharply. P61nt ft.Asharp end;headland,cape; sting of an epigram ; a moment ; space ; punctilio ; a spot : — v. L, to sharpen ; to direct towards an object; to aim; to show; to dis- tinguish by stops or points: — v. i., to direct the finger. Point-blank (pSlnt'blangk), ad. Directly, horizontally: — a., di- rect, horizontal. Point'ed, p. prf. : — a., epigram- matical; sharp; aimed. Point-ed-ly (pdint'edHe), ad. In a pointed manner. Point-er (pdlnt'ur), n. Any thing that points ; a kind of dog. Point-less (polnt'les), a. Without point ; blunt, obtuse. Poise (pdize), n. Balance, equi- poise : — v. t., to balance. *Pois'ing, p. prs. Poi-son (p6e'zn), n. That which destroys or injures life when taken inwardly; venom; virus: — v. t, to infect with poison ; to corrupt; to taint: — see venom. Poi-son-ous (pde'znNis), a. Ven- omous, destructive. P6ke, n. A pocket; a small bag: — v. t., to search a thing with a long instrument ; to handle rude- ly: — u. %., to grope; to search. Po'king, p. prs. Po-ker (p6'kur), n. The iron bar with which a fire is stirred. 388 Po-lar (p&'lar), a. Found near, or relating to, the pole. Po-lar-i-ty (pi-lar'eHe), n. Ten- dency to the pole. *Po-lar-i-za-tion ( v po-lar-e-za'- shun), n. Act of polarizing. Po-lar-ize (p6'lar N lze), v. t. To give polarity to. Po'larVzing, p. prs. P6le, n. The extremity of the axis of the earth ; a long staff; a measure of length, containing 5£ lineal yards; a measure of surface, containing 30£ square yards ; a square or lineal rod or perch; a focus of magnetic power; in a galvanic battery, the point from or to which electricity pass- es: — v. t., to furnish or push with poles. Po'ling, p. prs. fixed to a long pole. Pole'ax^es, ft. pi. Pole-cat (pdle'kat), n. The skunk. Po-lem-ic (p6-lem'lk), n. A dis- putant: — a., controversial. *Po-lem-i-cal (p6-lem'e N kal), a. Controversial, disputatious. Pole-star (p61e / star), n. A star which is vertical to the pole of the earth; a guide or director. *Po-lice (p6-le&se'), n. The regu- lation and government of a city, the body of civil officers. Pol-i-cy (p&l'le N se), n. The art of government; prudence; strata- gem; skill in directing; con- tract of insurance. [261-2.] *Pol'i x cies, n.pl. Pol-ish (pol'ish), v. t. To make elegant in manners ; to refine ; to smooth; to brighten [54-17] [285-1] : — v. i., to become smooth or glossy : — n., artificial gloss ; elegance of manners. Pol'ish^es, ft. pi. and prs. t. 3. Pol-ish-er (p611sh N ur), ft. One who, or that which, polishes. Po-lite (p6-llte')> a. Elegant of manners, courteous, well-bred. [53.] [282-19.] Po-lite-ly (po-llte'le), ad. With elegance of manners, genteelly. Po-lite-ness (p6-llte / n^s), ft. Ele- gance of manners, courtesy, gen- tility. [297-22.] Pol-i-tic (p61'e x tik), a. Sagacious, prudent; civil ; artful. [144-27.]f Po-lit-i-cal (po-llt'e^kal), a. Re- lating to politics, public. [64-4.] [335-15.] Po-lit-i-cal-ly (po-lit'e^kal-le), ad. With relation to public ad- ministration ; artfully. *Pol-i-ti-cian fpol-le-tish'an), n. One versed in, or devoted to, politics ; an artful man. Pol-i-tics (p6l'le x tlks), ft. pi The science of government. [236.] [146-13.] *Pol-i-ty (p61'leHe), n. A form of government, civil constitution. Polities, n. pi. Pol-ka (p61'ka), ft. A dance. Poll (pole), w. The head ; a list of voters at an election ; an elec- tion : — v. t, to lop the top of trees ; to pull off hair from the head; to deposit in a ballot-box. *Pol-lard (p61'lard), w. A tree lopped; a kind of fish; a stag that has cast its horns; a kind of bran : — v. t., to poll trees. *Pol-len (p61'len), ft. The fe- cundating dust of a flower. Poll-tax (p61e'taks), n. A tax levied by the head. POLL r TAX N ES, ft. pi. Pol-lute (p61-lute'), v. t. To make unclean; to defile. *Pol-lu'ting, p. prs. Pol-lu-tion (p61-lu'shun), n. The state of being denied, defilement. *Pol-lu-ter (p61-lu'tur), n. A defiler, corrupter. P6lt, ft. A blow, a sudden stroke. Pol-troon (p&l-tr66n'), ft. A coward, a scoundrel. POL POM n6r, not— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pdund — thin, this. POO *PoL-TROON-ER-Y(p61-tr66n'urVe) n. Cowardice. *Pol-y-an-thus ( N p61-le-an'fMs), n. A plant bearing many flowers. \Pol-y-an'thus v es, n. pi. *Po-lyg-a-mist (p6-lig'aWist), n. One who practices polygamy. *Po-lyg-a-my (pd-llg'a x me), n. Plurality of wives. *Pol-y-glot (p61'le v gl6t), a. Hav- ing many languages ; written in many languages : — n., a book containing many languages. *Pol-y-gon (p61'le v g6n), n. A plane figure having more than four angles. *Po-lyg-o-nal (p6-llg'6 x nal), a. Having more than four angles. Pol-y-gram (p6l'le x graoi), n. A figure of many lines. *Po-lyg-ra-phy (p6-lig'ra v fe), n. The art of writing in various ciphers. *Pol-y-he-dral fp&l-le-he'dral), a. Having many polygonal sides. PoL-Y-HE-DRON( x p61-le-he'dr&n),n. A solid bounded by polygons. *Pol-y-no-mi-al ( v p61-le-nd'ine- ^al), a. Containing many terms : — n,, an algebraic quantity con- taining more than two terms. *Pol-y-pe (p&l'iTpe), \n. A ma Pol-yp (p&l'iip), J rine ani- mal of a low type which secretes coral. [58-14.] Pol'yVi, n. pi. of POLYPUS. *Pol-y-pous (p&Vle^pus), a. Hav- ing the nature of a polypus. *Pol-y-pus (p61'le v pus), n. A swelling in the nostrils ; an ani mal with many feet. Pol'yVi, ] , PolVpus-es,/ 71 '^* Pol-y-syl-lab-ic ( v pol-le-sll-lab' Ik), a. Consisting of many *POL-Y-SYL-LA-BLE (p6l'l<^sil-la- v bl), n. A word of many syl lables. *Pol-y-tech-nic ( v p&l-le-t£k'nlk), a. Comprising many arts. i; PoL-Y-THE-isM (pol'le^Ae-izm), n. The doctrine of plurality of gods. Pol-y-the-ist (p61'le^Ae-ist), n. A believer in polytheism. Pol-y-the-is-tic ( x p&l-le-^e-ls'- tlk), a. Relating to polytheism. *Pom-ace (pum'mas), n. The sub- stance of apples crushed. !: ' j Po-ma-ceous (p6-ina'shus), a. Consisting of pomace; resem- bling apples. Po-made (pd-made'), n. A fragrant ointment. Po-man-der (p&-man'dur), n. A sweet or perfumed ball. *Po-ma-tum (p6-ma'tuin), n. An ointment for the hair. "Pome -gran- ate (pum-gran'it), n. A tree and its fruit. Po-mif-er-ous (p6-mlfur > us), a. Bearing apples. Pom-mel (puin'mil), n. A round ball or knob on a sword or sad- dle : — v. t., to bruise ; to beat soundly.f Pom 'melting, ) *Pom'mel v ling, j &' prs. Pom'mel-ed, T j. *Pom'mell-ed, \P'P r J' Po-Mo-LOG-i-cAL( v p6-m6-16j'e x kal) a. Relating to pomology. *Po-mol-o-gy (p6-m6rio x je), n. The art of raising fruit ; a treat ise on fruit. Po-molVgies, n. pi. P6mp, n. Splendor, grandeur, pa- rade,- pride. [91-10.] [287-12.] Pom-pi-on. See PUMPKIN. Pom-pos-i-ty (p6m-p6s'e x te), n Ostentation ; boasting. Pom-pos'i x ties, n. pi. Pom-pous (pftna'pus), a. Splendid showy, stately, grand. [90-6.] [184-19.] *Pom-pous-ly (p6m'pus N le), ad. Magnificently, with show. Pom-pous-ness (p6m / pus x nes), n Magnificence, splendor. 33* P6nd, n. A small lake. Pon-der (p6n'dur), v. t. To weigh mentally; to consider: — v. i., to think ; to muse. (ap. p. — on.) Pon-der-a-ble (p6n'dur x a-bl), a. Capable of being weighed. Pon-der-ance (p6n'dur v anse), n. Weight; gravity. PoN-DER-os-i-TY( N p6n-dur-6s'e N te), n. Weight, heaviness. Pon-der-ous (p6n'dur v us), a. Be- ing of moment ; heavy, weighty. [54-31.] *Pon-der-ous-ly (p6n'dur N us-le), ad. With great weight. Pon-der-ous-ness (pon'dur^us- nes), n. Heaviness, weight. Po-nent (p6'nent), a. Western. *Pon-gee (p6n-jee'), n. A kind of silk. *Pon-iard (p6n'yard), n. A dirk, a dagger : — v. t., to stab with a poniard. Pont-age (p&nt'ije), n. A tax paid for repairing bridges. Pon-tif ) ,*,.%e\ „ (A high- *PoN-TiPF|(P 6nt!f )' n 'l priest; the Pope. *Pon-tif-i-cal (p&n-tife^kal), a. Belonging to a high-priest; po- pish; a book of ecclesiastical rites. Pon-tif'i v cals, n. pi. The full dress of a bishop or priest. PON-TIF-I-CATE (p6n-tlf / e V klt), 71. Papacy, popedom. ?r~ T ° N j(p6n-t&6n'),«.{ fl A f -*-Pon-toon \ Kt i float- ing bridge ; a boat. Po-ny (po'ne), n. A small horse. *Po'nies, n. pi. Poo-dle (p56'dl), n. A kind of lapdog. P66l, n. A lake of standing water ; the stakes in gaming. P66p, n. The hindmost part of a ship. P6&R, a. Indigent, not rich ; tri- fling; mean; wanting strength; lean. (ap. p. — in.) 389 POP POR Fate, far, fill, fat — m&, met— pine, pin — no, move, POR Poor-ly (p66r'le), ad. Without wealth or spirit; meanly: — a., without health. Poor-ness (p66r 'nes), n. Poverty ; meanness; sterility; want. P6p, n. A small, smart, and quick sound: — v. i., to enter with a quick and sudden motion; to dart: — v. t., to thrust suddenly: — ad., suddenly. Pop'ping, p. prs. Pop'ped, p. prf. P6pe, n. The Bishop of Rome. Pope-dom (p6pe'dum), n. Papal dignity; the jurisdiction of the Pope. Po-fer-y (pd'purVe), n. The re- ligion of the Church of Rome. Pop-gun (p6p'gun), n. A toy. *Pop-in-jay (p6p , in v ja), n. A parrot; a fop. Po-pish (p6'pish), a. Relating to popery. Pop-lar (pSp'lar), n. A tree. Pop-py (pop'pe), n. A plant from which opium is collected. Pop'pies, n. pi. *Pop-u-lace (p6p'u v las), n. The multitude; the common people. Pop-u-lar (p6p , u N lar), a. Accord- ing to the will of, or pleasing to, the people ; relating to the peo- ple; familiar; common. Pop-u-lar-i-ty 0p6p-u-lar'eHe), n. State of being favored by the people ; public favor. [357-13.] Pop-tj-lar-ize (p&p'u-lar N lze), v. t. To make popular. Pop'u-larVzing, p. prs. Pop-u-lar-ly (pop'u v lar-le), ad. In a popular manner. Pop-u-late (populate), v. «.or v. i. To people; to furnish with in- habitants. Pop Vla-ting, p. prs. Pop-u-la-tion (^p-u-la'shun), n. The state of a country with re- spect to numbers of people. Pop-u-lous (p&p'u x lus), a. Full of people or inhabitants. 390 Pop-u-lous-ly (p6p'u v lus-le), ad. With many inhabitants. Pop-u-lous-ness (p&p'uHus-ne's), n. State of being populous. *Por-ce-lain (p6re'se x lane), n. The finest earthenware; china- ware. Porch (portsh), n. A portico; a covered walk or entrance. Porch'es, n. pi. *Por-cine (p6r'slne), a. Relating to swine. Por-cu-pine (pfir'ku^plne), n. A species of hedgehog. P6re, n. A spiracle of the skin ; passage of perspiration; a nar- row spiracle or passage: — v. i., to look with great attention. Po'ring, p. prs. Po-ri-ness (pdWnSs), n. State of being porous. P6rk, n. The flesh of swine. Pork-er (pork'ur), n. A hog, a pig. Pork-ling (pftrk'ling), n. A pig. *Po-ros-i-ty (p&-r6s'eHe), n. The quality of having pores. Po-rous (p6'rus), a. Having pores. * Por-ph y-rit-ic ( x p6r-fur-rltlk), a. Resembling porphyry. *Por-phyr-y (pdr'fuYre), n. A hard stone of various colors. Por'phyr^ies, n. pi. *Por-poise (p5r'pus), n. The sea-hog; a dolphin. *Por-ridge (p6r'rldje), n. A kind of broth ; a simple soup of boiled meal ; pottage. *Por-rin-ger (p6r'rln x jur), n. A vessel for holding porridge. *P6rt, n. A harbor; a gate; car- riage; external appearance; a wine. Port-a-ble (p6rt'a N bl), a. Possible to be carried. Port-age (p6rt1je), n. Carriage ; the price of carriage; a carry- ing-place. Port-al (p&rt'al), n. A gate ; an arch under which a gate opens. [154-2.] *Port-cul-lis (p6rt-kuFlis), n. A movable frame over the gates of a city, to be let down to keep out an enemy. Port-cul'lis n es, n. pi. *Porte (p6rt), n. The Turkish Court. *PoRTE-MoN-NAiEfp5rt-mun-na') n. A wallet for money. Por-tend (pdr-tend'), v. t. To foretoken or foreshow. Por-tent (p6r-tent'), n. Omen of ill ; a fearful sign. *Por-ten-tous (pdr-ten'ttis), a. Ominous,foreboding ill. [347- 12.] *Por-ten-tous-ly (p6r-teVttts- ^le), ad. In a portentous manner. Por-ter (p6r / tur), n. One who has charge of a gate ; one who carries burdens for hire ; a kind of strong beer. PoR-TER-AGE(p6r'turlje),n. Money paid for carriage. Port-Fo-li-o (port-f6'le x 6 or pdrt- f61'y6), n. A folding case for loose papers. *Port-Fo'li x os, n. pi. Port-hole (port'h61e), n. An opening to point cannon through. Por-ti-co (poVte N k6), n. A covered walk; a piazza. [367-8.] ^Por'tiYjos, n. pi. PoR-TiON(por'shun), n. A part; a dividend; an allotment; a for- tune : — v. t., to parcel; to endow with a fortune ; to divide. Por-tion-less (p6r's.hun > le , s), a. Having no portion. *Port-li-ness (p6rtne^n§s), n. Dignity of mien ; bulk of body. Port-ly (p6rt'le),a. [portlier — portliest.] Corpulent, bulky; grand of mien. Port-man-teatj (pdrt-man'ti), n. A bag to carry clothes in. Port-man'teaus, n. pi. Por-trait (p6r'trate), *PoR-TRAi--TURE(p6r'traHshure), J n. A picture drawn from life; a likeness. POS POS nor, nSt— tube, tub, bull- -611- -p&und — thin, this. POS Por-tray (p6r-tra'), «• *• To de ~ scribe by picture; to describe vividly ; to paint. [134.]f *Por-tray-al (pdr-tra'al), n. Act of portraying. *Port-reeve (port'reev), n. The chief officer of a port. Port-res s (p6rt'r£s), n. A female guardian of a gate. Port'ress x es, n. pi. PO-RY (p&'r£), a. [PORIER — PORI- est.] Full of pores. Pose (p6ze), v. t. To puzzle. *Pos'ing, p. prs. Pos-er (pdz'ur), n. One who, or that which, puzzles. Po-si-tion (pd-zlsh'un), n. Situa- tion ; principle laid down ; atti- tude, manner of standing. Pos-i-tive (p6z'e x tlv),a.Expressed, explicit, ^positive orders; direct, sls positive proof; absolute,real,as positive good; confident, dogmatic, as persons of positive character; without comparison, as the posi- tive degree; additive, affirma- tive, as a positive quantity ; dis- charging electricity, as & positive pole ; exceeding the electric equilibrium, as positive electric- ity or substances : — opposed to implied, relative, conditional, circumstantial, comparative, SUPERLATIVE, and NEGATIVE. [316-28.] *Pos-i-tive-ly (p6z'e v tiv-le), ad. In a positive manner. Pos-i-tive-ness (p6z / e N tiv-ne ! s), n. The state of being positive. Pos-i-tiv-ism (p6z'eHlv-lzm), n. Positive Philosophy, which re- gards all phenomena as subjected to invariable natural laws, and as comprehended by one all-em- bracing science. Pos-se (p6s'se), n. An armed power. Pos-sess (p&z-zeV or p&s-ses'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, possesses.] To have as an owner ; to enjoy or oc- cupy, (ap. p. — of.) Pos-ses-sion (poz-zesh'un or p6s sesh'un), n. The state of having in one's own power; property. Pos-ses-sive (p6z-zes'slv or p6s- seVslv), a. Having possession. *Pos-ses-sor (p6z-zes'sur or p6s- ses'sur), n. An owner; an occu pant ; a proprietor. -Pos-set (p&s'sit), n. Milk cur- died with wine : — v. t, to curdle. Pos-si-BiL-i-TY( v pos-se-bll'leHe),w. State of being possible. [52.] ^Pos-si-bilVties, n. pi. Pos-si-ble (p6s'se N bl), a. Having power to be, or to be done. Pos-si-bly (p6s'se N ble), ad. Per- haps ; by any power. P6st, n. A hasty messenger ; quick course of travelling; office; sit- uation ; place ; a military sta- tion ; a piece of timber set erect : — v. i., to travel with speed ; to hasten: — v. t., to station; to place ; to fix on a post ; to carry from the daybook or journal to the ledger. Post-age (p6st'lje), n. Money paid for conveyance of a letter. Post-boy (pdst'b6e), n. A boy who rides a posthorse. "*Post-chaise (post'shaze), n. A four-wheeled carriage for trav- elling. Post-date (p6st'date), v. t. To date later than the real time. Post'da x ting, p. prs. *Post-di-lu-vi-an ( x p6st-de-lu'- ve x an), n. One who lived since the Deluge : — a.,after the Deluge. Post-er (p6st'iir), n. A courier; a large placard. Pos-te-ri-or (p6s-te're r ur), a. Later ; subsequent ; placed after. Pos-te-ri-or-i-ty ( x p6s-te-re-6r'e- He), n. State of being posterior. Pos-ter-i-ty (p6s-ter'e te), n. De- scendants, succeeding genera- tions. [158.] [258-1.] Post-ern (p6st'ern), n. A small gate; a door. Post-fix (p6st-fiks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, postfixes.] To add to the end. Post-fix (p6st'fiks), n. A suffix. Post'fix^es, n. pi. Post-haste (p6st-haste'), n. Haste like that of a courier ; great haste : — ad., very hastily. Post-horse (p6st'hdrse), n. A horse stationed for the use of couriers. *Post-hu-mous (p6st'hu v mus), a. Done, had, or published after one's death. P0ST-HU-M0US-LY(p6st'huWl8-le), ad. After one's death. Pos-til (p&s'til), n. A marginal note ; a homily : — v. t., to write marginal notes. Pos'til n ing, ) *P0S'TILW>,j^ r *- Pos'til-ed, 1 , *Pos'tILL-ED, J P'P r J m *Pos-till-ion (pos-tll'yun), n. One who guides the first pair of a set of horses before a coach : — • also written postilion. Post-man (pdst'man), n. A letter- Post'men, n. pi. [carrier. Post-mark (p6st'mark), n. A stamp placed on a letter at a postoffice. Post-mas-ter (pdst'niasHur), ?*. A man who has the charge of a postoffice. *PosT-ME-RiD-i-AN( N post-me-rld'e- 'an), a. Being in the afternoon. *Post-mor-tem (p6st-indr'tein), a. Done or made after death. Post-note (pdst'n6te), n. A bank- note payable at some specified period after its date. *Post-o-bit (p6st-6'bit or p6st-6V- lt), n. A bond payable after the death of the person named therein. Post-Op-fice (p6st'6ffls), n. An office for the delivery or trans- mission of letters. Post-pay (p6st'pa), v. t. [post- paid Or POSTPAYED POSTPAID or postpayed.] To pay post- age on. 391 POT POU Fate, far, fail, fat— me, met— pine, pln- -n6, m6ve, POW Post-pone (p6st-p6ne'), v. t. To delay ; to put off. [248.] Post-po'ning, p. prs. Post-pone-ment (pdst-pftne'me'nt), n. The act of putting off, or delaying. *PosT-POS-i-TiVE(p6st-p6z'eHlv),a. Placed after. -Post-script (p6st'skr!pt), n. A paragraph added to a letter. Post-u-late (p6st'u. N late), v. t. To beg or assume without proof. Post'uYa-ting, p. prs. Post-u-late (p6st'u x lit), n. Posi- tion assumed. Post-u-la-tion ( > p6st-u-la , shun), n. The act of supposing without proof; supplication. *Post-u-la-tor-y (pftst'uHa-tur- Y&), a. Assuming without proof. *Post-u-la-tum ( N p6st-u-la'tum), n. Position assumed. Post-u-la'ta, n. pi. Pos-ture (p&s'tshiir), n. Place, situation ; disposition ; position. Po-sy (pd'ze), n. A bunch of flowers ; a motto on a ring. *Po'sies, n. pi. Pot, n. A vessel to hold liquids : — v. t., to put or preserve in pots. Pot'ting, p. prs, Pot'ted, p.prf. Po-ta-ble (poWbl), a. Drinkable. Pot-ash (pot'ash), | n. An *Po-tas-sa (p6-tas'sa), J oxide of potassium, commonly obtained from ashes of vegetables. *Po-tas-si-um (p&-t&s'se v um), n. A soft, brilliant, white metal, lighter than water. Po-ta-tion (p6-ta'shun), n. A drinking bout,draught. [363-18.] Po-ta-to (pd-ta't6), n. A plant and its esculent root. *Po-ta'toes, n. pi. *Po-teen (p6-te£n'), n. Irish whiskey. *Po-ten-cy (p6'teVs£), n. Influ- ence; power, efficacy. [358-3.] Po'ten x cies, n. pi. 392 Po-tent (p6'tent), a. Efficacious, powerful, forcible, mighty. Po-ten-tate (p6'ten v tate), n. Mon- arch, sovereign. *Po-ten-tial (pft-tSn'shal), a. Existing in possibility, not in act ; powerful, expressing power. Po-ten-ti-al-i-ty (p6Hen-she-al'- leH£), n. Possibility. Po v ten-ti-al'i n ties, n. pi. Po-TEN-TiAL-LY(po-t§n / sharie),a^. In possibility. Po-tent-ly (p6't$nt N l&), ad. With great force, powerfully. Poth-er (p6TH'ur), n. Bustle; tumult : — v. t.j to make a blus- tering effort ; to harass. Pot-herb (pdt'e'rb), n. An herb fit for cooking. Pot-hook (p6t'huk or p6t'h66k), 11. A hook to hang a pot on. Pot-house (p6t'h6use), n. A low drinking-house. Pot-hous-es (p6t'hSuz r iz), n. pi. Po-tion (p6'shun), n. A dose ; a draught. * Pot-sherd (p&t'shurd), n. A piece of a broken pot. Pot-tage (p6t'tlje), n. Any thing boiled or decocted for food; porridge ; boiled meat and herbs. Pot-ter (p&t'tur), n. A maker of earthenware. Pot-ter-y (p6t'tur x r£), n. Earthen- ware ; work of a potter ; a place where earthenware is made. Pot'ter^ies, n. pi. Pot-tle (p&t'tl), n. A measure containing 4 pints; a tankard; a fruit-basket. #Pot-val-iant (p6t-val'yant), a. Made valiant by liquor. Pouch (p6utsh), n. A small bag, a pocket : — v. t., to pocket. *Pouch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Pou-chong (p6&-tsh&ng'), n. A kind of black tea. Poult (p61t), n. A young chicken *Poult-er-er (p61t'ur x ur), n. One who sells fowls. Poult-ice (p6lt'is), n. A soft, mol- lifying application ; a cataplasm : — v. t., to apply a poultice to. ^PoultYcing, p. prs. Poult-ry (p61t're), n. Domestic fowls. Pounce (p6unse), n. The claw or talon of a bird of prey ; the pow- der of a kind of gum : — v. t., to perforate ; to fall upon and seize. •^Poun'cing, p. prs. Pounce-Box (p6unse/b6ks), ) Poun-cet-Box (p6un'set v boks), j n. A perforated box used for sprinkling powder or pounce. Pounce'-Box^es, ) ; Poun'cet-\Box-es, j n ' pC ' P6und, n. In Avoirdupois Weight, a weight equal to 7000 grains troy or 16 ounces avoirdupois ; in Apothecaries' or Troy Weight, a weight equal to 5760 grains or 12 ounces troy; the sum of 20 shillings or $4.84; in Exchange, $4.44 ; a gold coin, a sove- reign; an enclosure for cattle seized for trespassing : — v. t., to beat; to bruise, as with a pestle; to put cattle in a pound. *Pound-age (pdund'ije), n. A certain sum deducted from a pound; payment rated by the pound. Pound-er (pdund'ur), n. That which pounds; a person or thing named from a certain number of pounds ; a pestle. Pour (p6re), v. t. To let liquid out of a vessel in a stream; to emit ; to give vent to :— v. i., to flow ; to stream. P6ut, v. i. To look sullen; to thrust out the lips ; to shoot out: — n., a fit of sullenness ; a fish. Pov-er-ty (p6v'ur v te), n. Indi- gence, pauperism; meanness. Pow-der (pod'dur), n. Matter finely pulverized ; dust ; gun- powder : — v. L, to reduce to a fine dust; to sprinkle with powder. PRA PRA nor, not— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pound — ^in, this. PRE Pow-der-y (p6ii'dur v re), a. Dusty, friable ; easily crumbled. Pow-er (pM'ur), n. Command, dominion; ability; the moving force of an engine ; faculty of the mind ; strength ; force : military force ; a product arising from multiplying a number by itself; the magnifying capacity of a lens; a divinity; a gov- ernment. Pow-er-ful (p6u'ur N ful), a. Po- tent, mighty, strong. Pow-er-ful-ly (pdu'ur N ful-le), ad. Potently, forcibly. Pow-er-ful-ness (p6d'ur x ful-nes), n. Power, efficacy. Pow-er-less (pdu'iirMes), a. Weak. *Pow-er-Loom (pdu'url6&m), n. A loom worked by steam. Pow-er-Press (pou'ur v pres), n. A printing-press worked by steam. Pow'er- x Press-es, n. pi. *Pow-wow (p6d'w6u), n. An In- dian conjurer or conjuration : — v. t., to practice conjuration upon. Prac-ti-ca-bil-i-ty fprak-te-ka- bll'le^te), n. Practicableness. Prac-ti-ca-ble (prak'te r ka-bl), a. Feasible, possible. Prac-ti-ca-ble-ness (prak'te'ka- bl v nes), n. Possibility of being performed. Prac-ti-ca-bly (prak'te^ka-ble), ad. In a practicable manner. Prac-ti-cal (prak'te'kal), a. Re- lating to action ; not merely speculative; capable of being used. [68-24.] [289-3.] PRAC-Ti-cAL-LY(prak / te x k41-le),ad By practice or experience. *Prac-tice (prak'tis), n. The habit of doing any thing ; use ; custom ; actual performance ; medical treatment of disease [159-5] [186] :— v. t., to do ha- bitually; to exercise; to perform constantly [111-35] [383-8]:— v. i. f to exercise a profession; to act habitually. J0t~ The verb practice is often improperly written practise. *Prac'tic n ing, p.prs. *Pr4c-ti-tion-er (prak-tish'un- Mr), n. One engaged in any art or profession. *Prjs-cog-ni-ta (pre-k6g'neHa) n. pi. Things previously known Pr^-no-men. See prenomen. *Prag-mat-ic (prag-mat'lk), Prag-mat-i-cal (prag-mat'e x kal) a. Dictatorial; meddling. *Prai-rie (pra're),n. A level tract of country destitute of trees. [66-4.] Praise (praze), n. Renown, com- mendation ; tribute of gratitude [240-24] : — v. t. or v. i., to com- mend ; to applaud ; to eulogize ; to extol. Prais'ing, p. prs. Praise-wor-thy (praze'wuVTHe), a. Deserving praise; laudable, commendable. Prance (pranse), v. i. To spring and bound as a horse. *Pran'cing, p. prs. Prank (prangk), n. A frolic; a capricious act ; a trick : — v. t., to dress showily. Prate, v. i. To talk carelessly; to chatter : — n., slight talk, tattle. Pra'ting, p. prs. ■?p AT " IC } (pr*t1k),n. ( A U " ' n Prat-iqtje J vr " [cense to trade, certifying that quaran- tine regulations have been com- plied with. Prat-tle (prat'tl), v. i. To talk lightly; to chatter: — n., empty talk, chatter. Prattling, p. prs. Prat-tler (prat'tlur), n. One who prattles. Prav-i-ty (prav'eHe), n. Corrup- tion, badness, depravity. [220.] * Prawn, n. A small shell-fish. *Prax-is (praksls), n. Use, prac- tice ; an example to teach prac- tice ; a paradigm. Prax'es, n. pi. Pray (pra), v. i. To make pe- titions to Heaven; to entreat or ask submissively: — v. t., to sup- plicate, implore, or entreat, {op. p.— for, with.) Pray-er (pra/ur), n. A petition to Heaven ; entreaty ; one who prays. Pray-er-Book (pra/uYbuk), n. A book containing prayers. Pray-er-ful (pra'uVfiil), a. Given to prayer. PRAY-ER-FUL-LY(pra / ur x ful-le),ac?. In a devout manner. Pray-er-less (pra/ttYles), a. Neg- lecting prayer ; irreligious. Preach (preetsh), v. i. or v. t. [prs. t. 3, preaches.] To pro- nounce a public discourse upon sacred subjects ; to proclaim. Preach-er (preetsh'iir), n. A clergyman ; one who preaches. Pre-ad-mon-ish ( x pre-ad-m6n / ish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, preadmonishes.] To admonish beforehand. Pre-ad-mo-ni-tion ( x pre-ad-m6- nlsh'un), n. Previous warning. Pre-am-ble (pre'am^bl), n. Some- thing previous ; introduction ; a preface. Preb-end (preb'end), n. A stipend granted in a cathedral. Preb-end-al (preb'end^al or pre- ben'dal), a. Pertaining to a prebend. Preb-en-da-ry (preb'enMa-re), /»> A stipendiary of a cathedral. ^Preb'en^da-ries, n. pi. *Pre-ca-ri-ous (pre-ka're^us), a. Dependent; uncertain; held by courtesy; doubtful. [320-10.] Pre-ca-ri-ous-ly (pre-ka're v us- le), ad. Uncertainly, by depend- ence. Pre-ca-ri-ous-ness (pre-ka'reMs- nes), n. Uncertainty, depend- ence on others. *Prec-a-tive (prek'aHiv), ) Prec-a-tor-y (prek'a'tur-re), J a ' Suppliant. 393 PRE PRE Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, PRE Pre-cau-tion (pre-kaw'simn), n. Preventive measure ; previous care [115-11]: — v. t. t to caution . beforehand. *Pre-cau-tion-al (pr£-kaw'shun- x al), a. Preventive. *Pre-cau-tion-a-ry (pr£-kaw'- shun v a-r&), a. Preventive. *Pre-cau-tious (pre-kaw'shus), a. Using precaution. Pre-cede (pre-se&d'), v. t. To go before. *Pre-ce'ding, p. prs. Pre-ce-dence (pr^-s^'dense), ) Pre-ce-den-cy (pr&-s£'deVse), J n. Act or state of going before, priority ; superiority of rank. ^Prec-e-dent (pres'se x dent), n. A rule or example ; any thing done before of the same kind. *Pre-ce-dent (pr^-s^'dent), a. Anterior, former, going before. Prec-e-dent-ed (pres'se v dent-ed), a. Having precedent. *Pre-cen-tor (pr£-sen'tur), n. One who leads a choir. Pre-cept (pre'sept), n. A rule authoritatively given ; mandate, order, injunction ; a principle, a maxim. [150-4.] [261-21.] Pre-cept-ive (pr£-sept'lv), a. Di recting the conduct, giving pre- cepts. [343-10.] *Pre-cept-or (prl-sept'ur), n. A teacher, a tutor. *Pre-cep-to-ri-al ( v pre-sep-t6'- re x al), a. Relating to a preceptor. Pre-cep-tress (pre-sep'tres), n. A , female teacher. Pre-cep'tress n es, n. pi. Pre-ces-sion (pr&-sesh'un), n, The act of going before, advance, *Pre-cinct (pre'slngkt), n. Out- ward limit, boundary; a district. Pre-cious (presh'us), a. Valuable, of great price. [372-18.] #PiiE-cious-LY(pre^h'usHe),ad. To a great price ; in great esteem. Pre-cious-ness (presh'us^nSs), n. Value, worth. 394 *Pre-ci-pice (pres'se v pis), n. A headlong steep ; a declivity. [290-2.] *PRE-ciP-i-TA-BLE(pr&-sip'e A ta-bl), a. Capable of being precipitated. Pre-cip-i-tance (pre-slp'e x tanse), a. Precipitancy. Pre-cip-i-tan-cy (pre-slp'e x tan- se), n. Rash or headlong haste. *Pre-cip-i-tant (pre-sip'eHant), a. Falling or rushing headlong ; hasty. Pre-cip-i-tant-ly (pre-sip'eHant- le), ad. In headlong haste. Pre-cip-i-tate (pre-sip'eHate), v. t. To throw headlong; to hurry blindly or rashly; to throw to the bottom.f Pre-cip'i x ta-ting, p. prs. Pre-cip-i-tate (pre-sip'e'tit), a. Headlong, hasty: — n., a corro- sive medicine made by precipita- ting mercury. PRE-ciP-i-TATE-LY(pr£-sip'eHit-le), ad. Hastily, in blind hurry. Pre-cip-i-ta-tion (pre^sip-e-ta'- shun), n. Act of precipitating ; rash haste ; tumultuous hurry. *Pre-cip-i-ta-tor (pre-sip'eHa- tiir), n. One who urges on rashly. Pre-cip-i-tocs (pre-sip'eHus), a. Headlong, steep, rash. *Pre-cip-i-tous-ly (pre-sip'eHus- le), ad. In a steep or rash manner. Pre-cise (pre-slse'),«.Exact,strict, nice; formal; scrupulous. [289-5.] *Pre-cise-ly (pre-slse'le), ad. Exactly, nicely, accurately. Pre-cise-ness (pre-sise'nes), n. Exactness, rigid nicety. *Pre-ci-sion (pre-sizh'un), n. Ex- act limitation; strictness; pre ciseness. [66-25.] [222-20.] Pre-clude (pre-klude'), v. t. To shut out by anticipating; to pre- vent; to hinder. [72-27.] Pre-clu'ding, p. prs. Pre-clu-sion (pre-klu'zhun), n Act of precluding. Pre-clu-sive (pre-klu'slv), a. Hindering by anticipation. Pre-clu-sive-ly (pre-klu'siv^le), ad. By preclusion. *Pre-co-cious (pre-k6'shus), a. Ripe before the proper time; matured too early. Pre-co-cious-ness (pre-kd'shus- x nes), n. Precocity. *Pre-coc-i-ty (pre-k6s / se'te), w. Ripeness before the time; too early growth. Pre-coc'i x ties, n. pi. Pre-cog-ni-tion ( x pre-k&g-nlsh'- un), n. Previous knowledge. *Pre-con-ceit ( x pr£-k6n-seet'), n. An opinion previously formed. *Pre-con-ceive ( v pre-k6n-seev / ), v. t. To form an opinion before- hand. [133-13.] n Pre-con-ceiv'ing, p. prs. Pre-con-cep-tion ( N pre-k6n-sep r - shun), n. A preconceit. Pre-con-cert ( x pre-k6n-sert'), v. t. To concert beforehand. Pre-con-tract (pre-k6n'trakt), n. A contract previous to another. *Pre-cur-sor (pr^-kur'sur), n. A forerunner, harbinger; omen. *Pre-cur-sor-y (pre-kur'sur v re), a. Introductory. *Pre-da-ceous (pre-da'shus), a. Living by plunder. Pred-a-tor-y (pred'a x tur-re), a. Plundering, practicing rapine. *PRED-E-CES-soR( v pred-e-ses'sur), n. One who was in any state or place before another; an an- cestor. [132-20.] [245-17.] Pre-des-ti-na-ri-an (preMes-te- na're x an), n. One who believes in predestination: — a., relating to predestination. Pre-des-tine (pre-deVtin), Pre-des-ti-nate (pr£-deVte v nate), v. t. To appoint beforehand by irreversible decree ; to foreor- dain; to predetermine. Pre-des'tin v ing, ) Pre-des'ti\na-ting, J p ' & ' PRE n5r, n&t- PRE -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thm, this. PRE Pre-des-ti-na-tion (pre x des-te- na'shun), n Foreordination ; fatal decree. [227-7.] *PRE-DES-Ti-NA-TOR(pr£-deyte x na- tur), n. One who predestinates. PRE-DE-TERM-iN-ATE( x pre-de-term' inlt), a. Determined beforehand. Pre-de-ter-mi-na-tion ( N pr£-de- Her-me-na/shtin), n. Determina- tion made beforehand. Pre-de-ter-mixe fpr£-de-teV- min), v. t. To doom by previous decree ; to predestinate. x Pre-de-ter'min v ing, p. prs. *Pre-di-al (pre'de v al), a. Consist- ing of, or relating to, farms. PRED-i-CA-BiL-i-TY( N pred-e-ka-bH'- leHe), n. State of being predicable. *Pred-i-ca-ble (pr£d'e x ka-bl), n. That which may be affirmed : — a., proper to be affirmed. Pre-dic-a-ment (pre-dlk'a^me'nt), n. A class, or arrangement ; particular condition. [100-12.] PRED-i-cATE(pr^d'e v kate), v. t. To affirm one thing of another. Pred'i v ca-ting, p. prs. Pred-i-cate (prM'e^klt), n. That which is affirmed of a subject. Pred-i-ca-tion ( x pred-e-ka/shun), n. Affirmation, declaration. *Pred-i-ca-tor-y (pr£fl'e v ka-tur- Ve), a. Affirmative. Pre-dict (pre-dikt'), v. t. To fore- tell ; to prophesy. Pre-dic-tion (pre-dik'shun), n. Prophecy, declaration of some- thing future, prognostication. Pre-dic-tive (pre-dik'tiv), a. Prophetic. *Pre-dic-tor (pre-dik'tur), n. One who predicts or foretells. Pre-di-lec-tion ( v pre-de-lek'- shun), n. Preference; previous liking. [236-29.] Pre-dis-pose ( x pre-dis-p6ze'), v. t. To adapt previously to any cer- tain purpose ; to incline before- hand, (ap. p . — to.) * x Pre-dis-po'sing, p. prs. Pre-dis-po-si-tion (pre x dls-p6- zish'un), n. Previous inclina- tion or adaptation. -Pre-dom-i-nance (pre-d6m'e- v nanse), n. Ascendency, supe- riority; prevalence. Pre-dom-i-nant (pre-d6m'e x nant), a. Prevalent; ascendant, hav- ing superiority. [204-1.] *Pre-dom-i-nant-ly (pre-dSm'e- x nant-le), ad. With superior influence. Pre-dom-i-nate (pre-d&m'e^nate), v. i. To prevail; to abound; to be ascendant. [243-1.] Pre-dom'iVa-ting, p. prs. *PRE-EM-i-is T ENCE(pre-e ; m / e A ne : nse) n. Superiority of excellence; precedence ; priority in rank. Pre-Em-i-nent (pre-^m'e N n^nt), a. Excellent above others. Pre-Em-i-nent-ly (pre-^m'e v n§nt- le), ad. In a superior manner. [360-7.] ^'Pre-Emp-tion (pre-em'shun), n. The act or privilege of purchas- ing before another. *Preen, v. t. To clean the feath- ers, as birds ; to trim. Pre-En-gage (Yre-en-gaje'), v. t. To engage beforehand. ^Pre-En-ga'ging, p. prs. Pre-En-gage-ment ( v pr6-en-gaje'- me'nt), n. A prior obligation. Pre-Es-tab-lish (^pr^-es-tab'- lish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, pre-es- tablishes.] To establish be- forehand. Pre-Ex-ist (Yre-e'g-zlst'), v. i. To exist beforehand. Pre-Ex-ist-ence fpre-Sg-zist'- e'nse), n. Existence beforehand. Pre-Ex-ist-ent (^pre-eg-zist'Snt), a. Existent beforehand. Pref-ace (pr£ffas), n. Introduc- tion ; a preamble ; preliminary remarks : — v. t. or v. i., to say something introductory; to in- sert a preface. *Pref'a v cing, p. prs. *Pref-a-tor-y (preTa v tur-re), a. Introductory. Pre-fect (pre'fe'kt), n. A chief officer, governor; a commander. Pre-fec-ture (pre'fekHure or preT eVture), n. The office of a prefect. Pre-fer (pre-feV), v. t. To regard above another ; to advance ; to choose, (ap. p. — to, before, above, over.) Pre-fer'ring, p. prs. *Pre-fer'red, p. prf. Pref-er-a-ble (preTeVa-bl), a. Eligible before something else ; deserving preference. [234-19.] (ap. p. — to.) Pref-er-a-bly (preTeVa-ble), ad. In preference. Pref-er-ence (pre'feVense), ». Estimation of one thing before another ; choice, (ap. p. — over, to, above, before.) [252-28.] Pre-fer-ment (pre-feVme'nt), n. Advancement. Pre-fig-u-ra-tion (pre N fig-u-ra'- shun), n. Antecedent represen- tation. Pre-fig-tj-ra-tive (pre-flg'uVa- tiv), a. Foreshowing by types and figures. Pre-fig-ttre (pre-flg'ure), v. t. To exhibit by antecedent represen- tation; to foreshow. Pre-fig'u x ring, p. prs, Pre-fix (pre'fiks), n. A particle joined to the beginning of a word, as in oiitdo. Pre'fix^es, n. pi. Pre-fix (pre-fiks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, prefixes.] To place, settle, or appoint before, (ap. p. — to.) Preg-na-ble (preg'na bl), a. Ca- pable of being taken. Preg-nant (pregnant), a. Teem- ing, fertile ; full. *Pre-hen-sile (pre-heVsll), a. Adapted to seize, grasping. Pre-hen-sion (pre-hen'shun), ». The act of grasping. 395 PRJ3 PRE Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, mSt — pine, pin — n&, m6ve, PRE Pre-judge (pr£-judje'), v. U To determine beforehand. Pre-judg'ing, p. prs, Pre-judge-ment } (pr£-jftdg'- *Pre-judg-ment j me'nt), n. Judgment without examination. Pre-ju-di-cate (pre-ju'de v kate), v. t. To prejudge. Pre-ju'di n ca-ting, p. prs. Prej-u-dice (prej'u'dls), n. Pre- possession ; judgment without examination,* injury [179-22] [64-17] :— v. t., to fill with prejn dices* to injure; to bias the mind unfavorably, (ap. p, against.) ^Prej'u^dic-ing, p. prs. *Prej-u-dic-ial ( v prej-u-dlsh'al), a. Tending to impair; mischie vous ; injurious ; detrimental. [274-21.] *Prel-a-cy (prel'la'sS), n. The dignity or office of a prelate. Prei/a x cies, n. pi. *Prel-ate (prel'llt), n. An eccle- siastic of the highest dignity; an archbishop. [262-19.] Pre-lat-ic (pr£-lat'ik), a. Per- taining to prelates. Prel-a-tist (preTaHist), n. An advocate for prelacy. Pre-lec-tion (pre-l*!k'shun), n. A lecture ; a formal public dis- quisition. PRE-Li-BA-TiON( x pre-ll-ba'shun),w. A foretaste. Pre-lim-i-na-ry (pr^-lim'^na-re), a. Introductory, previous, pre- cedent [148-4] : — w., preparatory measure ; a first step. #Pre-lim'i x na-ries, n. pi. Pre-lude (pre'liide or pr£l'ude), n. A flourish of music played be- fore a full concert; something introductory ; preface ; introduc- tion. [303-2.] Pre-lude (pre-lude')> v. i. To serve as an introduction; to be previous : — v. t. f to precede. Pre-lu'ding, p. prs, 396 Pre-lu-sive (pr£-lu'siv), ) Pre-lu-sor-y (pre-lu'surV&), J a ' Previous, introductory. Pre-ma-ture ( v pre-ma-ture' or pr£m'aHure), a. Ripe too soon ; formed before the time ; too hasty. Pre-ma-ture-ly ( x pr£ -ma -ture'le or \vhm-&-txixQ'\h) } a d- Too early ; too soon ; before the proper time. [75.] Pre-ma-ture-ness (^pre-ma-ture'- ne's or v pr^m-a-ture'nes), n. Prematurity. Pre-ma-tu-ri-ty ( x pr£-ma-tu*reHe or N pr§m-a-tu're x t^), n. State of being premature. Pre-med-i-tate (pre-m§d r e x tate), v. t. or v. i. To conceive be forehand. Pre-med'i v ta-ttng, p. prs. Pre-med-i-tate-ly (pre-m^d'eHlt- 1£), ad. With premeditation. Pre-med-i-ta-tion (pre N m^d-e-ta'- shun), n. The act of meditating beforehand ; previous medita- tion. [357-8.] Prem-ier (pr&me r yur or pre* m'yur), a. First, chief: — n., the first or prime minister of a state. Prem-ier- ship (preme'yur^hip or preWyur^ship), n. The office of a premier. Pre-mise (pre-mlze')> *>• t. or v. i. To explain previously; to lay down premises. *Pre-mi'sing, p. prs. *Prem-ise, j . f PREMISES Prem-iss, J * Prem-is-es (prSm'ls^lz), n. pi. Propositions antecedently sup- posed or proved; things previ- ously mentioned ; houses or lands. [200-9.] *~Pre-mi-um (pre'me'um), n. A reward offered on condition ; a bounty. Pre-mon-ish (pre-m6n'ish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, PREMONISHES.] To warn beforehand. Pre-mo-ni-tion (Yre-m6-nish'un), n. Previous warning. Pre-mon-i-tor-y (pr?-m6n , eHur- re), a. Previously advising. Pre-mu-ni-tion (V^-mu-nish'un), n. A defense which answers ob- jections antecedently. Pre-no-men (pr^-nd'me'n), n. A name prefixed to the family name. Pre-oc-cu-pan-cy (pre-6k'ku > pan- s£), n. The act of taking posses- sion before another; previous possession. Pre-oc-cu-pa-tion (pre x 6k-ku-pa'- shun), n. Preoccupancy. Pre-oc-cu-py (pre-6k'ku x pl), v. t. [prs. t, 3, preoccupies.] To prepossess ; to take possession first. Pre-oc'cuVi-ed, p. prf. Pre-or-dain ( v pre-6r-dane'), v. t. To ordain beforehand; to pre- destinate. Pre-or-di-na-tion (preMr-de-na'- shiln), n. The act of preordain- ing, foreordination. *PREP-AR-A-TiON( x pr^p-ar-a'shnn) n. The act of preparing; that which is prepared. Pre-par-a-tive (pre-par'a'tiv), a. Having power to prepare : — n., that which prepares. Pre-par-a-tor-y (pre-par'a^tur- re), a. Antecedently necessary ; introductory. Pre-pare (pre-pare'), v. t. To fit, adjust, or make ready : — v. i., to make things ready previously. (up. p. — for.) Pre-pa'ring, p. prs, Pre-pa-red-ness (pre-pa're'dWs), The state of being prepared. Pre-pay (pre~pa/), v. t. [prepaid Or PREPAYED PREPAID Or PRE- payed.] To pay in advance. Pre-pay-ment (pre-pa'me'nt), n. Payment in advance. Pre-pense (pre-pe'nse'), a. Pre- meditated, preconceived. L— t * PRE PRE nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611— pSund — thin, THis. PRE *Pre-pon-der-ance (pr6-p&n'deV y anse), n. Superiority of weight or influence. *Pre-pon-der-ant (pr£-p6n'deV y ant), a. Outweighing, superior in influence. Pre-pon-der-ate (pr^-pSn'deV v ate), v. t. To outweigh; to overpower by influence: — v. i. to exceed in weight or in influ- ence. [314-23.] Pre-pon'der v a-ting, p. prs. Pre-pon-der-a-tion (pre v p6n-dlr- a'shtln), n. The act or state of outweighing, or of being supe- rior in influence. Prep-o-si-tion ( v pre*p-6-zish'un), n. A word put before another to express relation of things or thoughts. *Pre-pos-i-tive (pre-p6z'e v tlv), a. Placed before : — w., a prefix, that which is placed before. Pre-pos-sess ( v pre-p6z-zeV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, prepossesses.] To prejudice; to bias. Pre-pos-ses-sion ( ,v pre-p6z-ze : sh'- un), n. Previous possession; prejudice, preconceived opinion, effect of previous impressions. Pre-pos-ter-ous (pr&-p6s'teYus), a. Absurd, contrary to reason ; perverted. [262.] Pre-pos-ter-ous-ness (pre-p&s'- teYus-nes), n. Absurdity, folly. Pre-req-ui-site (pre-rek'we v zlt), n. Something previously neces- sary: — a., previously required. Pre-rog-a-tive (pre-r6g'a v tiv), n. A peculiar or exclusive privilege or right. [150.] *Pres-age (pres'ij or pre'saje), n. A prognostic, something that foreshows. Pre-sage (pre-saje'), v. t. To forebode, foreshow, or predict. ^Pre-sa'ging, p. pra. *Pres-by-ter (preVbe v tur or preY- be v tur), n. A priest; an elder; a church officer above a deacon. *Pres-by-te-ri-an fprSz-be-te' re v an or x pres-be-te're v an), a. Consisting of elders ; governed by presbyters: — «., one who be- longs to the Presbyterian Church or believes in its doctrines. Pres-by-te-ri-an-ism ( v preVbe- te're y an-izm or x pres-be-te're^an- Izm), n. Government by pres- byters or presbyteries ; the faith of Presbyterians. Pres-by-ter-y (preVbeHe'r-rS or preVb^He'r-re), n. A convention composed of pastors and elders. *Pres'byYer-ies, n. pi. *Pre-sci-ence (pr&'she^nse), n. Foreknowledge. [knowing. Pre-sci-ent (pre'she^nt), a. Fore- Pre-scribe (pr£-skribe'),v. t. ovv.i. To order; to direct medically ; to dictate ; to lay down as a rule. [36-2.] [279-7.] Pre-scri'bing, p. prs. Pre-script (pr&'skript), n. Direc- tion; precept; an order. Pre-scrip-tion (pre-skrlp'shun), n. The act of prescribing; a rule produced and authorized by custom; medical recipe. Pre-scrip-tive (pre-skrlp'tiv), a. Established by custom; arising from prescription. Pres-ence (preYense), n. State of being present; mien; readi- ness at need; self-command. [76-27.] [172-8.] Pre-sen-sa-tion fpre-sen-sa'- shun), n. Previous sensation. Pres-ent (preYe^nt), a. Not ab- sent; face to face ; at hand; not past ; not future : — w., a gift ; the present time. Pre-sent (pre-zenf), v. t. To ex- hibit; to offer; to give; to point or to hold forward. [67-4.] *PRE-SENT-A-BLE(pre-zent'a x bl),a. Fit to be presented. Pres-en-ta-tion ( x preV£n-ta'- shun), n. The act of present- ing, display. 34 *Pre-sent-er (pre-z^nt'ur), n. One who presents. *Pre-sen-ti-ment (pre-seVt£- x m^nt), n. Previous idea or ap- prehension. Pres-ent-ly (preVent'le), ad. At present; immediately, soon after. *Pre-sent-ment (pre-zent'me'nt), n. The act of presenting ; notice of accusation by a grand-jury. Pres-er-va-tion ("preVer-va/- shun),w. Act of preserving; state of being preserved. [334-20.] Pre-serv-a-tive (pr£-ze : rv'a x tiv), n. That which preserves : — «., having power to preserve. Pre-serv-a-tor-y (pre-zerv'aHur- r£), n. and a. Preservative. Pre-serve (pr^-ze'rv'), v. t. To save ; to secure from injury ; to keep (ap. p. — from): — n., fruit preserved in sugar. Pre-serv'ing, p. prs. Pre-serv-er (pre-zSrv'ur), n. One who, or that which, preserves. Pre-side (pre-slde'), v. i. To be set over ; to act as president ; to direct, (ap. p. — over.) [36-28.] [360-10.] Pre-si'ding, p. prs. Pres-i-den-cy (preVeM^n-seJ, n. Superintendence; office of presi- dent; the term of his office. PresVden-cies, n. pi. *Pres-i-dent (preVeMent), n. The Chief Magistrate of the United States ; one at the head of others ; a governor. PREs-i-DEN-TiAL( x prez-e-deVshal) z. Relating to a president. Pres-i-dent-ship (preVeMe'nt- shlp), n. The office or term of a president. Pre-sid-i-al (pre-sld'e^al), ) *Pre-sid-i-a-ry (pre-sld^a-re), J x. Relating to a garrison. Pre-sig-ni-fy (pre-slg'ne v fi), v. t. [pr8. t. 3, PRESIGNIFIES.] To signify beforehand. Pre-sig'ni'fi-ed, p. prf. 397 PRE PRE Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, PRE Press, v. t. To squeeze; to dis- tress; to constrain; to enforce; to force into military service :— v. i. f to use pressure (ap. p. — on upon) : — w.., an instrument for pressing ; crowd, throng : a com- mission to force men into mili- tary service; the instrument of printing; the conductors of the public press. Press'es, n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. Press-gang (pres'gang), n. A detachment of seamen, sent to press men into the naval service. Pressing, p. prs. : — a., urgent ; distressing. Press-ing-ly (pres'lngHe), ad. With force or urgency. Press-man (preVman), n. One who forces another into service ; one who works a printing-press. Press'men, n. pi. Pres-sure (presh'ure), n. The act of pressing; state of being pressed; force; gravitation; ur- gency, weight. [190-8.] Pres-tige (pres'tlje),-n. Illusion, charm; that which gives influ- ence ; stimulus. Pres-to (preVtd), ad. Quickly; at once ; gayly. Pre-sum-a-ble (pre-sum'a x bl), a. Supposable. Pre-sume (pre-zume'), v. t. To sup- pose : — v. i. y to venture without positive leave ; to take for grant- ed, (ap. p. — on, upon.) [259-17.] Pre -summing, p. prs. Pre-sump-tion (pre-zum'shun), n. Previous supposition ; arrogance, confidence. [63-31.] 2 [196-23.] Pre-sump-tive (pre-zum'tlv), a. Taken by previous supposition ; probable, supposed. *Pre-sump-tu-ous (pre-zum'tshu- v &s), a. Arrogant; confident; rashly bold. [63-31.] Pre-sump-tu-ous-ly (pre-ztim'- tshu x us-le), ad. Arrogantly, ir- reverently, with rash confidence. Pre-sump-tu-ous-ness (pre-zum / tshu^us-ne's), n. Confidence, ar- rogance, irreverence. PRE-sup-posE( x pre-sup-p6ze')> v. t. To suppose as previous ; to im- ply as antecedent. v Pre-sup-po'sing, p. prs. Pre-sup-po-si-tion (pre x sup-p6 zish'un), n. Supposition previ- ously formed. Pre-tence ) , , , a , x *P RE -tens E } (V^tin S& >), n. A false show; assumption; a claim true or false. [51-13.]f Pre-tend (pre-tend'), v. t. To al- lege falsely; to show hypocriti- cally ; to claim ; to simulate : — v. i.y to hold out an appearance. (ap. p.— to.) [101.] [372.] Pre-tend-er (pr&-tend r ur), n. One who makes a claim. Pre-tense. See pretence. *Pre-ten-sion (pre-teVshun), n. Claim true or false. [20-38.] Pre-ter-it (pre'teYit or prel'erlt), a. Past, perfectly past. Pre-ter-mit ( x pre-ter-mit r ), v. t. To pass by ; to omit. x Pre-ter-mit'ting, p. prs. v Pre-ter-mit / ted, p. prf. Pre-ter-nat-u-ral fpre-te'r- natsh'uVal), a. Different from what is normal or natural ; super- natural. [144-5.] [344.] Pre-text (pre-te'kst' or preAe'kst), n. Pretense, false appearance or show. *Pre-tor (pr£'tur), n. A Roman judge or magistrate; a general. Pre-to-ri-ai^ (pre-t6 , re'al), ) *Pre-to-ri-an (pre-t6're x an), j Belonging to a pretor, judicial. Pret-ti-ly (prit'te^le), ad. Neatly, elegantly, pleasingly. Pret-ti-ness (prit'te N n^s),n. Beau- ty without dignity, neatness. Pret-ty (prlt't& or pr£t'te), a. [prettier — prettiest.] Neat, elegant, handsome : — ad.,m some degree, tolerably. Pre-vail (pre-vale r ), v. i. To be in force ; to overcome ; to have power (ap. p. — against, over) ; to persuade, (ap. p. — on, upon, with.) [91-26.] [278-6 ] Pre-vail'ing, p. prs. : — a., pre- dominant; prevalent. [56-18.] [273-14.] Prev-a-lence (preVaMgnse), ) Prev-a-len-cy (prev'a'lSn-seJ, ) n. Superior strength ; predomi- nance; force; influence. [95-28.] Prev-a-lent (prevent), a. Vic- torious, predominant. [363-11.] Pre-var-i-cate (pre-var'e v kate), v. i. To evade the truth : to equivocate ; to cavil or quibble. Pre-var'i v ca-ting, p. prs. Pre-var-i-ca-tion (pre x var-e-ka'- shun), n. Shuffle, cavil, quibble. *Pre-var-i-ca-tor (pre-var'e N ka- tur), n. One who prevaricates. *Pre-ve-ni-ent (pre-ve'ne N £nt), a. Preceding; preventive. Pre-vent (pre-ve'nt'), v. t. To hinder ; to obviate ; to impede, (ap. p. — from.) *Pre-vent-a-ble (pre-ve , nt'a x bl), a. Possible to be prevented. Pre-ven-tion (pre-veVshun), «„ Hinderance, obstruction. Pre-vent-ive (pre-v^nt'lv), a. Preserving, guarding against : — n., a preservative; an antidote; that which prevents. Pre-vi-ous (pre'veNis), a. Antece- dent, prior, anterior. [322-11.] *Pre-vi-ous-ly (pre've x us-le), ad. Beforehand. Prey (pra), ». Something to be devoured; plunder, depredation, ravage, booty : — v. i. f to feed by violence; to plunder; to waste ; to rob. (ap. p. — on, upon.) [279- 8.] Price (prise), n. Value, estima- tion; reward; rate [146-23] : — .. v. L, to set a price on ; to in- quire for the price of. Pricing, p. prs. £ PRI PE-I nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5dnd — thin, this. PRI Price-Cur-rent (prlse-kur'rent), n. A table of the current prices. Pri'ces-^Cur-rent, n. pi. Price-less (prlse'les), a. Beyond price; inestimable. Prick (prlk), v. t. To pierce ; to erect; to goad or spur; to pain; to mark by a puncture ; to make acid : — v. i., to become acid ; to prink : — n., any thing by which a puncture is made; remorse of con- science ; a sharp point ; a spur. Prick-le (prlk'kl), n. A small, sharp point; a thorn. Prick-li-ness (prlk'le^nls), n. The state of being prickly. Prick-ly (prik'le), a. Full of sharp points or prickles. PrIde, n. Inordinate self-esteem; loftiness of air; elevation; os- tentation ; exultation ; vanity (ap. p. — in) : — v. t., to value or pique one's self. {ap. p. — on.) jtA** Pride is used like ingra- tiate ; as, Scott prided him- self on his pedigree. Pri'ding, p. prs. *Pri-er (prl'ur), n. One who in- quires too closely. Priest (preest), n. A man who officiates in sacred offices; a clergyman ; a presbyter. Priest-craft (preest'kraft), n. Religious fraud or artifice. Priest-ess (preest'es),w. A woman who officiates in heathen rites. *Priest'ess x es, n. pi. Priest-hood (preest'hud), n. The office and character of a priest ; order of priests. Priest-ly (preest'le), a. Becoming a priest. Priest-rid-den (pr£est'rldMn), a. Governed by priests. Pr!g, n. A pert fellow; a thief. Prig-gish (prlg'glsh), a. Pert; conceited. Pr!m, a. [^primmer — primmest.] Precise, formal: — v. t., to deck with great nicety. Prim'ming, p. prs. *Prim-med (prlmd), p. prf. Pri-ma-cy (pri'ma^se), n. The dignity or office of primate. Pri'maYies, n. pi. PRi-MA-DoN-NA(pre'ma-d6n'na),rc. The principal female singer in an opera. Pri-mage (prl'mije), n. A small duty paid to shipmasters. Pri-ma-ri-ly (prl'ma x re-le), ad. Originally, in the first place. Pri-ma-ry (pri'maVe), a. Original, principal; first; chief; prepara- tory to something higher : — n., a preparatory school. Pri-mate (pri'mit), n. The chief ecclesiastic in a church. PrIme, n. The dawn ; the begin- ning ; the best part ; the spring of life; the first part in order of rank, excellence, or value : — a., early ; principal ; original ; ex- cellent: — v. t., to put powder in the pan of a gun ; to lay the first colors on in painting. Pri'ming, p. prs. Prime-ly (prime'le), ad. Excel- lently, well ; originally. *Prim-er (prim'ur), n. An ele- mentary book for children. Pri-me-val (pri-me'val), a. Per- taining to the first age; origi- nal; primitive. [71-11.] [221-3.] Prim-i-tive (prim'e v tiv), a. An- cient; original; primary; not derived. Prim-i-tive-ness (prim'e v tlv-nes), n. Antiquity; state of being primitive. Prim-ness (prlm'nes), n. Affected niceness; preciseness. PRi-Mo-GE-Ni-AL( v prl-m6-je'ne^al), a. First-born; original. *Pri-mo-gen-i-tor ( v pri-m6-jen'- e N tur), n. The first father; an ancestor. *Pri-mo-gen-i-ture fpri-m6-jeV- e x ture), n. Seniority; the state of being first-born. [16-27.] *Pri-mor-di-al (prl-m6r'de x al), a. Original ; existing from the be- ginning ; first in order. Prim-rose (prim'r6ze), n. A flower. Prince (prinse), n. A sovereign ; the son of a sovereign ; a ruler ; a chief. Prince-dom (prinse'dum), n. The rank, estate, or power of a prince. Prince-ly (prinse'le), a. Be- coming a prince; royal, grand: — ad., like a prince. Prin-cess (prln'ses), n. A sove- reign lady; the daughter of a sovereign, the wife of a prince. Prin'cess x es, n. pi. *Prin-ci-pal (prinWpal), a. Chief; highest in rank; essen- tial ; most considerable ; capital : — n., a head or chief; a chief in- structor in a school ; an amount of money placed out at interest.f Prin-ci-pal-i-ty pprin-se-pal'lS- N te), n. Sovereignty; the coun- try, rank, or domain of a prince. "^Prin-ci-palVties, n. pi. PRiN-ci-PAL-LY(prin'se > pal-le),a^. Above all, chiefly, especially. *Prin-cip-i-a (prin-sip'e N a), n. pi. First principles. *Prin-ci-ple (prln'se x pl), n. Ele- ment; constituent part; original cause ; ground of action ; funda- mental truth ; tenet ; motive [77-24] [221-14] :— v. t., to fur- nish with principles. Prin'ci v pling, p. prs. Prink (pringk), v. t. or v. i. To deck for show. PrInt, v. t. To impress words, or make books, by the press; to mark ; to stamp : — v. ?., to prac- tice the art of typography : — n., a mark or picture made by im- pression ; the form, size, ar- rangement, or other qualities of the types used in printing books, &c. ; a stamp ; a newspaper. Prints, n. p>l» Engravings ; cali- coes. 399 PRI PRO Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, PRO Print-er (printer), n. One who prints. *Pri-or (prl'ur), a. Antecedent, former, before (ap. p. — to): — n., the head of a priory of monks. Pri-or-ess (prl'ur^es), n. A fe- male superior of a priory of nuns. Pri'or^ess-es, n. pi. *Pri-or-i-ty (prl-6r'eHe), n. The state of being first in time, rank, or place. Pri-or-y (prl'urV£), n. A convent in rank below an abbey. *Pri' orgies, n. pi. Prism (prizm), n. A geometrical figure whose bases are equal and parallel figures, and whose sides are parallelograms; a glass in the form of a prism. Pris-mat-ic (priz-mat'lk), a. Re- lating to, or formed as, a prism. Pris-moid (priz'm6id), n. A body resembling a prism. Pris-on (prlz'zn), n. A jail; a place of confinement : — v. t. f to imprison ; to confine. Pris-on-er (priz'zn^ur), n. One under arrest; a captive. Pris-on-House (prlz'zn x h6use), n. A jail. Pris-on-Hous-es (prlz'zn v hduz- iz), n. pi. Pris-tine (pris'tin), a. Ancient; original, first. [73-11.] Prith-ee (prlTH'el), n. A corrup- tion of I pray thee. Pri-va-cy (prl'va N se), n. State of being secret ; retirement. Pri'va n cies, n. pi. Pri-vate (prl'vat), a. Secret, not open or public ; alone ; peculiar to an individual : — n., a common soldier. Pri-va-teer fprl-va-teer'), n. A private ship or person commis- sioned to take prizes : — v. t., to commission privateers : — v. i.,to cruise in, or fit out, a privateer. Pri-vate-ly (prl'vat'le), ad. In a private manner. 400 Pri-va-tion (prl-va'shun), n. The state of being deprived; want; loss; absence. Priv-a-tive (prlv'aHlv), a. Caus- ing privation : — n., a negative prefix, as un in tmable. Priv-a-tive-ly (prlv'aMv-l&), ad. By privation. Priv-et (prlv'it), n. An evergreen. Priv-i-lege (priv'eMlje), n. Pecu- liar advantage ; immunity ; pre- rogative [24-27] [270] :— v. t., to grant or invest with a privilege; to exempt. [379.] Priv'i v le-ging, p. prs. Priv-i-ly (priv'e^le), ad. Secretly, privately. Priv-i-ty (prlv'e v te), n. Private knowledge, secrecy. Priv'i v ties, n. pi. Priv-y (prlv'e), a. Private; ad- mitted to secrets (ap.p. — to): — n., in Law, a partaker, (ap. p. — in.) Priv'ies, n. pi. PrIze, n. A reward gained by contest with competitors ; plun- der; a valuable acquisition: — v. t., to rate, value, or esteem. Prizing, p. prs. Pr6, prp. For : — v. U [prs. t. 3, proes], to argue in defense of: — see con. Prob-a-bil-i-ty ( v pr&b-a-bll'le N te), n. Likelihood, appearance of truth. [36-26.] [178-26.] x Prob-a-bil'i v ties, n. pi. Prob-a-ble (pr6b'a x bl), a. Ex- hibiting or having probability. [314-6.] Prob-a-bly (pr&b'a v ble), ad. Per- haps, likely. Pro-bate (pr6'bate), n. The proof of a will: — a., relating to the proof of wills. Pro-ba-tion (prd-ba'shun), n. Proof, evidence; trial, novitiate. PRO-BA-TiON-AL(pr6-ba / shun N al),a. Probationary. Pro-ba-tion-a-ry (pr6-ba'shun r a re), a. Serving for trial. Pro-ba-tion-er (pr6-ba'shun'tir), n. One upon trial ; a novice. Pro-ba-tive (pr6'ba x tiv), ) Pro-ba-tor-y (pr6'ba v tur-re), J °" Serving for trial or proof. Probe, n. A surgeon's instru- ment for searching wounds: — v. t., to search; to try by an instrument; to scrutinize. Pro'bing, p. prs. Prob-i-ty (pr&b'eHe), n. Honesty, integrity, rectitude. Prob-lem (pr&b'lem), n. A ques- tion proposed for solution. PR0B-LE-MAT-i-CAL( v pr6b-le-mat'- e v kal),a. Uncertain, disputable, questionable. *Pro-bos-cis (pro-b&s'sls), n. A snout; the trunk of an elephant. ^Pro-bos'c^des, n. pi. Pro-ce-dure (pr6-see'jur), n. Con- duct ; manner of proceeding. [111-37.] [262-18.] Pro-ceed (pr6-seed'), v. i. To go forward; to come forth; to ad- vance ; to act ; to make progress. Pro-ceed'ing, p. prs. : — n., pro- gress from one thing to another, transaction. Pro-ceeds (pr6'seedz or pr6'seedz), n. pi. Produce, income, rent. Pro-cess (pr6s'ses), n. Tendency; operation ; gradual progress ; a projecting part of a bone ; course of law. [57-12.] Pro'cess v es, n. pi. Pro-ces-sion (pr6-s^sh r un), n. The act of proceeding ; a train advancing in a formal march. [182-8.] Pro-ces-sion-al (pr6-sesh'un x al), a. Pertaining to a procession. Pro-claim (pr6-klame'), v. t. To promulgate; to tell openly; to announce; to publish; to out- law. [135.] [246.] Proc-la-ma-tion ( v pr6k-la-ma'- shun), n. An official notice; a decree; publication by author- ity. [170-3.] PRO PRO nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSiind — «Mn, THis. PRO Pro-cliv-i-ty (pr6-kllv'e't£), n. Tendency, propensity, prone- ness. Pro-cliy'i^ties, n. pi. Pro-con-sul (pr6-k6n'sul), n. A Roman governer. Pro-con-sul-ar (prd-kSn'shu r lar or pr6-k6n'surar), a. Pertaining to a proconsul. *Pro-con-sttl-ate (pr6-k&n'shu- x lit or pr6-k6n'sul v it), n. A pro- consulship. Pro-con-sul-ship (pr6-k&n'sul- y ship), n. The office of a pro- consul. Pro-cras-ti-nate (pr6-kras'te- v nate), v. t. or v. i. To defer; to delay,* to put off. PRO-CRAS'Tf NA-TING, p. pr8. Pro-cras-ti-na-tion (pr6 x kras-t£- na'shun), n. Delay. Pro-cras-ti-na-tor (prd-kras 7 ^- x na-tur), n. One who procras- tinates. Pro-cre-ate (pr6'kre'ate), v. t. To generate ; to produce. Pro'cre x a-ting, p. prs. Pro-cre-a-tion ( x pr6-kre-a'shun), n. Generation, production. Pro-cre-a-tiye (prd'kre x a-tlv), a. Generative, productive. Pro-cre-a-tor (pr6'kre v a-tur), n. One who begets. *Proc-tor (pr6k r tur), n. An attorney ; an officer of a uni- versity. Pro-cum-bent (pr6-kum'be ! nt), a. Lying down ; prone ; trailing. Pro-cu-ra-ble (pr6-ku'ra v bl), a. Obtainable. Proc-u-ra-tion (^rftk-u-ra'shun), n. Procurement ; management of another's affairs. *PROC-u-RA-TOR( A pr&k-u-ra , tur),n. A manager, an agent. Pro-cure (prd-kiire'), v. t. To manage; to transact for an- other; to obtain or acquire; to gain ; to earn. Pro-cu'ring, p. prs. Pro-cure-ment (prd-kure'me'nt), n. The act of procuring; ob- tain men t. Pro-ctj-rer (prd-ku'rur), n. One who gains, or obtains. Prod-i-gal (pr6d'e v gal), a. Pro- fuse, very liberal ; wasteful ; ex- pensive : — n., a spendthrift. Prod-i-gal-i-ty ( x pr6d-e-gal r leH£), n. Extravagance, waste, excess. x Prod-i-gal'i v ties, n. pi. Prod-i-gal-ly (prod^gal-le), ad. Profusely, wastefully. [220-16.] *Pro-dig-ious (prd-dij'iis), a. Amazing, wonderful, monstrous. [67-16.] [165-11.] PRO-DiG-ious-LY(pro-dij / us N l^),a^. Wonderfully, amazingly. Pro-dig-ious-ness (pr6-dij'us- x n^s), n. Enormousness. Prod-i-gy (pr6d'e x je), ». Any thing out of the ordinary process of nature ; a monster. [336-6.] Prodigies, n. pi. Prod-uce (pr6d'duse), n. Pro- duct; production; amount; in- crease, gain. [56-22.] Pro-duce (pr6-duse'), v. t. To ex- hibit; to bear; to bring forth; to bring to view ; to furnish ; to cause. [187-21.] Pro-du'cing, p. prs. Pro-dtj-cer (prd-du'sur), n. One who produces. *Pro-du-ci-ble (prd-du/se^bl), a. Possible to be produced. Prod-uct (pr6d'ukt), n. Something produced, effect, result. Pro-duc-tion (pr6-duk'shun), n. The thing produced,product. [57.] Pro-duc-tive (pr6-duk'tiv ), a. Having power to produce; fer- tile; efficient, (ap. p. — of.) Pro-duc-tive-ness (pr6-duk'tiv- ^s), n. Fruitfulness. *Pro-em (pr6'em), n. Preface, in- troduction. Prof-a-na-tion ( x pr6f-a-na'shun), n. Violation of things sacred; a treating with irreverence. 34* Pro-fane (pr6-fane'), a. Irrev- erent, impious, irreligious ; secu- lar: — v. t. f to violate; to put to wrong use; to treat sacred ob- jects with irreverence. [74—16.] Pro-fa'ning, p. prs. Pro-fa-ner (pr6-fa/mir), a. com. : — rc., one who profanes. Pro-fane-ly (pr6-fane'le), ad. Wickedly, with irreverence. Pro-fake-ness (pr6-fane'nes), n. Irreverence, impiety, blasphemy. Pro-fess (pro-feV), v. t. [prs. t 3, professes.] To avow; to declare openly; to publish one's skill. [83-1.] PR0-FES-SED-LY(pr6-feVsedHe),arf. According to open declaration. Pro-fes-sion (pri-feWun), n. An employment requiring an educa- tion ; open declaration. [131-4.] Pro-fes-sion-al (pro-feWun^al), a. Relating to a profession. Pro-fes-sion-al-ly (prd-fesh'un- x al-l&), ad. By profession. *Pro-fes-sor (pr6-feVsur), n. One who publicly teaches an art ; one who professes. Pro-fes-so-ri-al ( x pr6-f^s-s6 r re- x al), a. Pertaining to a professor. Pro-fes-sor-ship (pr6-fes'sur- N ship), n. The office of a professor. Prof-fer (pr6ffur), v. t. To of- fer; to propose; to attempt: — n., offer made ; an attempt. Pro-fi-cience (pr6-fish'ense), ) Pro-fi-cien-cy (pr6-fish'en x se), j n. Advancement, improvement, progress. *Pro-fi-cient (pro-flsh'e'nt), n. One who has made advancement in any study or employment. Pro-file (pr6'f£el or prd'file), n. The side face; a side view of a portrait. Prof-it (pr6f it), n. Gain, advan- tage, benefit : — v. t., to benefit ; to advantage ; to improve : — v. i; to gain advantage; to im- prove, (ap. p. — by.) 401 PRO Fate, far, fiLll, fat- PRO -me, met — pine, pln- -n6, move, PRO Prof-it-a-ble (pr&f it v a-bl), a. Gainful ; useful ; advantageous. (ap. p.— to.) [151-9.] Prof-it-a-ble -ness (pr&f'lt v a-bl- Ws), n. Advantageousness. Prop-it-a-bly (pr6fit v a-ble), ad. Advantageously, with profit. Prof-it-less (prdfitMe's), a. Void of gain or advantage. *Prof-li-ga-cy (pr6fle x ga-s£), n. Vicious course of life, depravity, wickedness. Prof-li-gate (pr6f le N git), a. Lost to virtue and decency ; wicked ; abandoned [83-14] [270-12] n. f an abandoned, shameless wretch. Prof-li-gate-ness (pr6fle x git- n£s), n. The quality of being profligate. Pro-found (pr6-f6und'), a. Deep; submissive; learned; very ab- struse ; skilful [97-14] [164-4] : — n., the sea ; an abyss. Pro-found-ly (pr6-fMnd'le), ad. Deeply, thoroughly, with insight. Pro-found-ness (pro-f6und'n£s), Pro-fund-i-ty (pr6-fund'e v te), n. Depth of knowledge or of place. Pro-fund'i v ties, n. pi. Pro-fuse (pr6-fuse'), a. Lavish, prodigal ; liberal to excess, f Pro-fuse-ly (pr6-fuse'le), ad. Prodigally, lavishly. Pro-fuse-ness (pr6-fuse'n£s), n. Prodigality. PRO-FU-siON(pr6-fu'zhun),n. Lav- ishness ; abundance. [225-16.] [150-9.] Pr6g, n. Mean food ; victuals ; one who shifts for his food. *Pro-gen-i-tor (pr6-jen'eHur), n. An ancestor. *Prog-e-ny (pr&j'eW), n. Race, offspring, children.f Prog'e n nies, n. pi. Prog-no-sis (pr6g-n&'sis), n. The foretelling of the event of a dis- ease by its symptoms. 402 Prog-nos-tic (pr6g-n6s'tik), n. A prediction; a foretelling; a sign : — a., foretelling ; foreshowing. [345-6.] Prog-nos-ti-cate (pr&g-n6s'te- x kate), v. t. To foretell ; to fore- show. Prog-nos'tfca-ting, p. prs. Prog-nos-ti-ca-tion (pr6g N n6s-te- ka'shun), n. A foretoken; a foretelling. *Prog-nos-ti-ca-tor (pr&g-n6s'- te x ka-tur), n. One who foretells. *Pro-gramme (prd'gram), n. A bill exhibiting the plan of a pub- lic performance. Prog-ress (pr6g'r£s), n. Course; advancement; a circuit; motion forward. [177-7.] Pro-gress (pr6-greV), v. i. [prs. t. 3, progresses.] To advance to move forward. Pro-gres-sion (pr6-gresh'un), n, Progress; regular and gradual advance; improvement; course; a series of numbers in which the terms increase or decrease ac- cording to a uniform law. Pro-gres-sion-al (pr&-gresh'un x al), a. Advancing; favoring progression. Pro-gres-sive (pr6-greVsiv), a. Going forward, advancing. Pro-gres-sive-ly (pr6-gres'slv v le), ad. By regular course. Pro-hib-it (pr6-hib'lt), v. t. To forbid; to interdict; to hinder. Pro-hi-bi-tion ( N Dr6-he-bish'un), n. Forbiddance, interdict. Pro-hib-it-ive (pr6-hib'ltlv), a. Prohibitory. Pro-hib-i-tor-y (pro-hib'eHur-re) a. Implying prohibition; for- bidding. Proj-ect (pr6j'6kt), n. Scheme, contrivance, design. [51-28.] Pro-ject (pr6-jekt'), v. t. To throw or cast forward; to con- trive ; to scheme : — v. i, } to shoot forward. Pro-jec-tile (pr6-j^k / dl), n. A body projected, thrown, or in- tended to be thrown : — a., im- pelled forward. Pro-jec-tion (pr6-j£k'shun), n. The act of shooting forward ; that which is projected; delinea- tion, plan. Pro-ject-or (pr6-j^k'tur), n. One who plans. [200-6.] Pro-late (pr6'late or pr6-late r ), a. Swelling at the poles : — opposed to oblate : — see "Vogdes's Men- suration," p. 131. Pro-lif-ic (pr6-lif'lk), a. Fruitful, fertile ; generative ; productive. [328-13.] Pro-lif-i-ca-tion (pr&W-e-ka'- shun), n. Production. Pro-lix (pr6-liks'), a. Tedious; long, tiresome. Pro-lix-i-ty (pro-liks'e x t£), n. Te- diousness, great length. Pro-lix-ly (pro-liks'le), ad. Tediously. *Pro-loc-u-tor (pr6-l6k'uHur or x pr6l-d-ku'tur), n. The speaker of a convocation. *Pro-logue (pr6'l6g or pr&l'16g), n. A preface; an introduction to a play or discourse : — v. t., to introduce with a prologue. f ^Pro'loguVng, p. prs. Pro-long (pr6-l6ng / ), v. t. To lengthen out; to continue; to protract. Prol-on-ga-tion ( x pr6l-l&ng-ga'- shun), n. Delay to a longer time. Prom-e-nade (pr6m'e x nade), n. A walk for amusement ; a place of walking : — v. i., to walk; to take a promenade. Prom'e n na-ding, p. prs. Prom-i-nent (pr&m'e^nent), a. Pro- tuberant; standing out beyond other parts ; chief. [175-1.] [63.] Prom-i-nence (pr6ni'e > ne i nse), ) Prom-i-nen-cy (prdrn'eWn-se). j n. Protuberance; distinction. *Prom'i\nen-cies, n. pi. PRO PRO nor, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 511 — p3und — thin, this. PRO Prom-i-nent-ly (p^m'e^n&nt-te), ad. Conspicuously ; with prom- inence. Pro-mis-cu-ous (prd-mls'ku^us), a. Mingled, confused; indiscrimi- nate; common. Pro-mis-cu-ous-ly (pro-mis'ku- Nis-te), ad. Indiscriminately ; with confused mixture. [52-36.] Prom-ise (pr6m'is), ». A bind- ing declaration; an engagement; hope ; expectation : — v. t., to as- sure by a promise ; to give indi- cations of: — v. i., to make a promise ; to excite hopes. Prom'is n ing, p. prs. Prom-is-ee ( pr6m-ls-&e'), n. One to whom a promise is made. Prom-is-er (prom'isNir), n. One who promises. *PROM-is-OR( x p r 6 m -fe-6y or P rom '- ls v ur), n. In Law, a promiser. *Prom-is-s or- y (prom'ls x sur-re),a. Containing a promise. Prom-on-tor-y (pr6m'unHur-re), n. A headland; a cape; high land jutting into the sea. Prom'onVor-ies, n. pi. Pro-mote (pr6-m6te')> v. t. To forward or advance ; to elevate ; to exalt; to prefer; to contrib- ute to the growth or excellence of an object [331-10] : — see de- mote. Pro-mo'ting, p. prs. Pro-mo-ter (pr6-m6'tur), n. A forwarder ; that which promotes. Pro-mo-tion (pr6-m6'shun), n. Advancement, preferment, exalt- ation to some honor or rank : — see demotion. Pro-mo-tive (pr6-m6'tiv), a. Tend- ing to promote or to encourage ; forwarding; helpful. Prompt (pr6mt), a. Quick, ready without hesitation; hasty; ex- peditious : — v. t., to assist a speaker when at a loss ; to re- ■■mind; to incite or instigate. [123-24.] [283.] Prompt-er (pr6mt'ur), a. com. : — n. y one who prompts. Prompt-i-tude (pr6mt , e x tude), n. Readiness, quickness. Prompt-ly (pr6mt , le), ad. With expedition, readily. PR0MPT-NESs(pr6mt'n§s),w. Readi- ness, quickness, alacrity. Pro-mul-gate (prd-mul'gate), v. t. To make known by open dec- laration ; to publish. Pro-mui/ga^ting, p. prs. Prom-ul-ga-tion ( r pr6m-ul-ga r - shun), n. Publication; open exhibition. *Prom-ul-ga-tor ( x pr6m-ul-ga'- tur), n. One who promulgates. Pro-mulge (pr6-mulje'), v. t. To promulgate ; to publish. Pro-mulg'ing, p. prs. Pro-mulg-er (pr6-mulj'ur), n. A promulgator. Pro-nate (prd'nate), v. t. To turn the palm of the hand downward : — opposed to SUPINATE. Pro'na a ting, p. prs. Pro-na-tion (pr6-na'shun),n. The act of pronating: — opposed to SUPINATION. *Pro-na-tor (prd-na'tur), n. A muscle which pronates. Prone, a. Bending downward ; lying with the face downward ; headlong; sloping; disposed. (ap. p.— to.) [236-18.] *Prone-ness (pr6ne'n^s), n. State of bending downwards, or of lying with the face downwards ; declivity ; habitual inclination. Pr6ng, n. A branch of a fork. Pro-nom-i-nal (pr6-n6m'e x nal), a. Having the nature of a pronoun. Pro-noun (pr6'n6un), n. A word used in stead of a noun. Pro-nounce (pr6-n6unse'), v. t. To speak, utter; to utter solemnly or distinctly: — v. i., to speak. {ap. p. — against a person, on a thing.) Pro-noun'cing, p. prs. ^Pro-nounce-a-ble (pr6-ndunse'- a x bl), a. Capable of being pro- nounced or uttered. Pro-nun-ci-a-tion (pr6 x nun-sbe- a'shun or pro'^nun-se-a'shun), n. The act or mode of utterance ; delivery. Pr66f, n. Evidence, test, trial, experiment; impenetrability; in Printing, an impression upon which corrections are to be made [264-3] : — a., impenetrable, able to resist, (ap. p. — against.) Pr6p, v. t. To sustain; to keep up, support, or uphold : — n., a support or stay, that on which any thing rests. [217-2.] Prop'ping, p. prs. Prop'ped, p. prf. Prop-a-gan-dist fpr&p-a-gan'- dlst), n. A missionary. Prop-a-gate (pr&p'a^gate), v. t. To increase; to promote; to dis- seminate; to generate. Prop'aVa-ting, p. prs. Prop-a-ga-tion ( v pr6p-a-ga'shun), n. Act of propagating. Prop-a-ga-tor (pr&p'a x ga-tur), n. One who propagates. Pro-pel (pro-pel'), ». t. To urge forward by force ; to drive forward. Pro-pei/ltng, p. prs. Pro-peli/ed, p. prf. Pro-pel-ler (pr6-pel'lur), n. That which propels ; a steam vessel propelled by a screw-wheel; a wheel which propels. Pro-pen-si-ty (pr6-peVse^t£), n. Inclination; tendency; bias. Pro-pen'si^ties, n. pi. *Prop-er (pr6p'ur), a. Peculiar ; fit ; just : correct ; peculiar to an individual, as a proper name. Prop-er-ly (prop'ur^le), ad. Cor- rectly; duly, fitly. Prop-er-ty (pr&p'urHe), n. Pe- culiar quality ; right of posses- sion ; a possession ; an estate. Prop'er\ties, n.pl. 403 PRO PRO Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, roSve, PRO *Proph-e-cy (pr6fe x se), n. Pre- diction; a declaration of some- thing to come. [258-4.] *Proph'e v cies, n. pi. *Proph-e-sy (pr&fe x sl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, ^prophesies.] To predict; to foretell ; to foreshow : — v. %., to utter prophecies. Proph'e n si-ed, p. prf. Proph-et (pr&f It), n. A man who foretells. Proph-et-ess (pr&f'it^es), n. A woman who foretells. Proph'et v ess-es, n. pi. Pro-phet-ic (pro-fet'ik), 1 Pro-phet-i-cal (pro-fet'e^kal), J a. Foretelling. [146-16.] Pro-phet-i-cal-ly (pr6-f^t'e x kal- \k),ad. By way of prophecy. *PROPH-Y-LAc-TicC v pr6f-e-lak'tik), rc. A preventive medicine : — a., preventive. *PRO-piN-QTTi-TY(pr6-pfngk'weH£) n. Nearness in time or in rela- tionship. *PRO-Pi-Ti-A-BLE(pr6-pish'e^a-bl), a. Admitting of propitiation. Pro-pi-ti-ate (pr6-plsh'e N ate), v. t. To conciliate; to induce to fa- vor ; to make atonement. Pro-pi'ti^a-ting, p. prs. Pro-pi-ti-a-tion (pr6 v plsh-^-a'- shun), n. Act or means of mak- ing propitious ; atonement. *Pro-pi-ti-a-tor (pr&^plsh-e-a'- tur), n. One who atones; an appeaser. Pro-pi-ti-a-tor-y (pr6-pish'e r a- turVe), a. Having power or adapted to atone ; conciliatory : — n., the mercy-seat. Pro-pi-tious (pr&-plsh'us), a. Fa- vorable, kind ; ready to forgive ; auspicious. Pro-pi-tious-ly (pr&-pish'us v le), ad. Favorably, kindly. Pro-pi-tious-ness (pr6-pish'us- v nes), n. Favorableness, kindness. Pro-po-nent (pr6-p6'nent), n. One who makes a proposal. 404 Pro-por-tton (pr6-p6re'sh&n), n. Comparative relation of one thing to another; ratio; an ex- pression of equality between two ratios ; the rule of three ; equal or just share [205-24] : — v. t, to adjust by comparative relation ; to form with symmetry. [65-6.] [380-12.] 7^" Proportion is the relative magnitude or value which one quantity bears to another of the same kind : ratio is the measure of proportion, or it is the quotient obtained by di- viding the antecedent (the as- sumed standard measure) into the consequent (the thing to be measured); thus, the propor- tion of a to b is a expressed by the ratio b: a = ~b. A proportion is an expres- sion of the equality of ratios ; thus, *. = c and JL = c; there- at m fore _L __ _!L, which is usually written a : b : : m : n. In this proportion a and n are the extrew.es> b and m the means; a and m are antecedents, b and n consequents ; a: b constitutes the first couplet, m : n the second couplet; each letter is a term or proportional. Pro-por-tion-a-ble (pr6-p6re'~ shun v a-bl), a. Adjusted by com- parative relation ; admitting pro- portion. Pro-por-tion-a-bly (pro-p6re'- shun x a-ble), ad. By proportion. Pro-por-tion-al (pr6-pore'shun- y al), a. Having a settled com- parative relation : — n., a quantity in proportion. Pro-por-tion-al-i-ty (prd x p6re- shun-al'le v te), n. The state of being in proportion. Pro-por-tion-al-ly (pr6-p6re'~ shun x al-le), ad. In due proportion. Pro-por-tion-ate (prft-pore'shun- ^ate), v. t. To make proportional. Pro-por'tion v a-ting, p. prs. Pro-por-tion-ate (pr6-p6re'shun- It), a. Adjusted to something else according to a certain rate. Pro-por-tion-ate-ly (pr6-pdre'- shiWit-le), ad. Proportionally. -Pro-po-sal (pri-p^zal), n. A scheme propounded; offer, over- ture; design. [100-22.] [300-6.] Pro-pose (pr6-p6ze'), v. t. To offer to the consideration ; to tender ; to bid (ap.p. — to): — v. tV, to offer in marriage. Pro-po'sing, p. prs. Pro-po-ser (pro-p6'zur), n. One who proposes. PROP-o-si-TiON( x pr^p-o-zlsVun),?i. A sentence in which any thing is affirmed or decreed ; proposal. Prop-o-si-tion-al ( N pr&p-6-zish'- un N al), a. Belonging to a prop- osition. Pro-pound (pr6-p6und / ), v. t. To offer for consideration; to pro- pose formally. Pro-pri-e-ta-ry (pr6-prl'e N ta-re), n. A possessor in his own right: — a., belonging to an owner. Pro-pri'e v ta-ries, n. pi. *Pro-pri-e-tor (pro-pri'eHur), n. A possessor in his own right; an owner. Pro-pri-e-tor-ship (pr6-pri'eHur- ship), n. The state of a pro- prietor. Pro-pri-e-tress (pro-pri'eHr&s), n. A female proprietor. Pro-pri'e x tress-es, n. pi. Pro-pri-e-ty (pr6-pri'e v te), n. Ex- clusive right; accuracy; just- ness,suitableness,decorum.[272.] Pro-pri'e x ties, n. jjI. Pro-pul-sion (prd-pul'shun), n. The act of driving forward. Pro-ro-ga-tion fprd-ro-ga'shun), n. The continuance of the Eng- lish Parliament to another ses- sion; continuance. PRO PRO n3r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611— pound— thin, this. PRO Pro-rogue (pr6-r6g'), v. t. To protract; to put off; to continue the parliament to another session. *PRO-ROGU-iNG(pr6-r6g'lng),^.prs. Pro-rup-tion (pr6-rup'shun), n. The act of bursting forth. Pro-sa-ic (pr6-za'lk), a. Resem- bling prose ; commonplace. Pro-s a-ist (pr6-za'lst or pr6'zalst), n. A writer of prose. *Pro-sce-ni-um (pr6-se'neMm), n. The front part of a stage in a theatre. Pro-scribe (pr6-skrlbe / ), v. t. To censure capitally ; to condemn ; to denounce; to outlaw. Pro-scri'bing, p. prs. PRO-scRiP-TioN(pr6-skrlp'shun),w. Doom to death or confiscation; condemnation. Pro-scrip-tive (pr6-skrlp'tiv), a. Tending to proscribe ; dooming. Prose (pr6ze), n. Language not restrained to harmonic sounds or to a set number of syllables [214-4] : — a.,consisting of prose : — v. i., to make a tedious relation. Pro'sing, p. pre. Pros-e-cute (pros'e^kute), v. t. To pursue; to continue; to sue by law ; to arraign. Pros'e^cu-ting, p. pr8. Pros-e-cu-tion ( x pr6s-e-ku'shun), n. Pursuit; endeavor to carry on ; a suit in a court of law. *Pros-e-cu-tor (pr6s'e > ku-tur), n. One who prosecutes. *Pros-e-lyte (pr6s'e v llte), n. A new convert [129-23] : — v. t. f to convert. Pros'e v lyt-ing, p. prs. Pros-e-ly-tism (pr&s'eHl-tlzm), n. The making of new converts. Pro-ser (pr6'zur), n. A writer of prose; a tedious relater. Pro-sla-ver -Y(*pr6-sla' vuVre), Advocating slavery. Pro-so-di-al (pro-so'de'al), } Pro-sod-i-cal (prd-s6d'e N kal), J Relating to prosody. Pro-so-di-an (prft-so'de^an), ) *Pros-o-dist (pr&s'6Mlst), J One versed in metre or prosody. Pros-o-dy (pr6s'6 v de), n. That part of grammar which treats of versification. *Pros-o-po-pce-ia ( x pr6s-6-p6-pe'- ya), n. Personification. Pros-pect (pr6s'pekt), n. View of something distant; the object of view; reason to hope [63-18]: v. t. or v. »., to search for mines or placers. Pros-pec-tive (pr&s-pek'tlv), a. Viewing at a distance ; future. Pros-pec-tive-ly (pr6s-pek'tlv- Me), ad. With reference to the future. Pros-pec-tus (pr&s-pek'tus), n. Plan of a proposed literary work. Pros-pec'tus x es, n. pi. Pros-per (pr6s'pur), v. t. To cause to be prosperous : — v. i., to be successful; to thrive; to make gain. Pros-per-i-ty (pr6s-peVeHe), n. Success, good fortune. [32.] [384-22.] Pros-per-ous (pr6s'purNis), a. Successful, fortunate, lucky. Pros-per-ous-ly (pr6s'pur x us-le), ad. Fortunately, successfully. Pros-the-sis (pr6s'^e v sis), n. In Grammar, a figure by which a letter or syllable is prefixed to a word; as, ewchain. Pros-trate (pros'trate or pr&s'- trlt), a. Lying at length; flat; humble. [124.] [266-2.] Pros-trate (pr6s'trate), v. t. To throw down ; to fall down in ad- oration. [256-9.] Pros'tra x ting, p. pra. Pros-tra-tion (pr6s-tra'shun), n. Act of falling down ; depression. Pro-sy (prd'ze), a. [prosier — prosiest.] Like prose; tedious. *Pro-te-an (pr6'te v an), a. Rela- ting to Proteus ; changing shape at will. Pro-tect (pr6-tekf), v. t. To sup- port; to cherish; to defend; to keep in safety, (ap. p. — others from, ourselves against.) Pro-tec-tion (pro-tek'shun), n. A defense; a shelter from evil. [335-7,] Pro-tec-tive (pr6-teVtiv), a. Defensive, sheltering. *Pro-tec-tor (pr6-tek'tur), n. A defender ; a supporter. Pro-tec-tor-ate (pr6-tek'tur^lt), n. A protectorship. Pro-tec-tor-ship (pr6-tek'tur- x shlp), n. Government by a protector. Pro-tec-tress (prd-tek'tres), n. A female who protects. Pro-tec'tress^es, n. pi. *PRO-TE-GE( > pr6-ta-zhaO, n. One protected ; a dependant. Pro-test (pr6'test or pr&t'est), n. A solemn declaration of opinion against something; a notice that a note is not paid. Pro-test (pr6-test'),v. i. To give a solemn declaration of opinion or resolution; to assert; to remon- strate {ap. p. — against): — v. t., to note the nonpayment of a bill of exchange. Prot-est-ant (prot'est^ant), a* Belonging to Protestants : — n. t one who protests against the Roman Catholic Church. Prot-est-ant-ism (pr6t'esfant- izm), n. The principles or re- ligion of Protestants. PROT-EST-A-TioN( x pr6t-est-a'shun), n. A solemn declaration; a protest. *Pro-test-er (pr6-test'u.r), n. One who protests. Pro-te-us (pro'te^us), n. In My- thology, a marine deity, supposed to assume a variety of shapes. *Pro-thon-o-ta-ry (pr6-M6n'6- Ha-re), ». The head register ; a clerk of a court. Pro-thon'o v ta-ries, n. pi. 405 PRO PRO Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — n6, move, PRO Pro-to-col (prd't6 v k&l), n. The original copy of any writing. *Pro-to-mar-tyr ( v pr6-to-mar'- tur), n. The first martyr, Stephen. *Pro-to-type (pr6't6Hlpe), n. The original of a copy; exemplar; model; archetype. Pro-tract (pr6-trakt')> v. t. To draw out; to delay; to prolong; to lengthen ; to retard; to put off. [108-14.] [240.] Pro-trac-tion (pr6 r trak'shun), n. Act of protracting. Pro-tract-er. See protractor. Pro-trac-tive (pr6-trak'tlv), a. Dilatory, delaying. *Pro-tract-or (pr6-trakt'ur), n. One who, or that which, pro- tracts; a mathematical instru- ment used in drawing angles. Pro-trude (pr6-trude'), v. t. To thrust forward or out : — v. i. } to be thrust forward. Pro-tru'ding, p. prs. Pro-tru-sion (pr6-tro6'zhun), n. The act of thrusting forward state of being protruded. Pro-tru-sive (pr6-tru'siv), a Thrusting forward. Pro-tu-ber-ance (pr6-tu'ber- x anse), n. Something swelling above the rest ; a prominence, PRO-TU-BER-ANT(pr&-tu'beVant),a. Swelling, prominent. Pro-tu-ber-ate (pr6-tu'beYate), v. i. To bulge out. Pro-tu'ber v a-ting, p. prs. PROtfa), a. Having great self-es- teem; haughty, arrogant, osten- tatious ; fungous, (ap. p. — of.) Proud-ly (prdud'le), ad. Arro- gantly ; in a proud manner. Prove (pr66v), v. t. [proved — proved or proven.] To show by argument or testimony; to establish as truth : — v. i. y to make trial. [58-12.] Pro'ving, p. prs. *Prov-a-ble (pr66v'a N bl), a. Ad- mitting of proof. 406 Prov-en-der (pr6v'enMur), Dry food for brutes, as hay, corn, &c. Prov-erb (pr&v'erb), n. A com- mon saying, an adage; a by- word. [163-11.] Pro-ver-bi-al (pr6-ve¥be'al), a. Mentioned in a proverb; used as a proverb. Pro-ver-bi-al-ism (pr6-veVbe x al- Izm), n. A proverbial phrase. Pro-ver-bi-al-ly (pr6-ver'be x al- le), ad. By a proverb. [266-8.] Pro-vide (prd-vlde'), v. t. To pro- cure beforehand ; to furnish ; to supply, (ap. p. — with, against, for.) [273-17.] Pro-vi'ding-, p. prs. Pro-vi'ded, p. prf.i — con. d., on condition that. Prov-i-dence (pr&v'eMense), n. The care of God over created beings ; frugality ; timely prep aration or care; prudence; fore- sight. [78-1.] [330-6.] Prov-i-dent (prSv'eMent), a. Pru dent ; forecasting. *Prov-i-den-tial (^pr&v-e-deV- shal), a. Relating to, or effected by, Providence. Prov-i-den-tial-ly fpr6v-e-deV- shalle), ad. By Providence. Prov-i-dent-ly (pr6v'eM^nt-l^), ad. With wise precaution. Prov-ince (pr6v'inse), n. A con- quered country, governed by a delegate ; proper office or busi- ness ; a district, a region. [53.] Pro-vin-cial (pr6-vln'shal), a. Relating to a province; unpol- ished, rude [67] : — w., one be- longing to a province. Pro-vin-cial-ism (pr6-vin'shal- Izm), n. Peculiar speech of a province. Pro-vis-ion (pr6-vlzh'un), n. Act of providing beforehand ; stipu- lation; measure taken ; food [57-17] [265-12] :— v. L, to sup- ply with provisions. Pro-vis-ion-al (pr6-vizh'dn x al), a. Provisionary. Pro-vis-ion-al-ly (pr6-vlzh'un- ^al-le), ad. Temporally. Pro-vis-ion-a-ry (pr6-vizh'un^a- re), a. Provided for present need; temporary. Pro-vi-so (pr6-vl'z6), n. A stip- ulation ; a condition. *Pro-vi'sos, n. pi. *Pro-vi-sor (pr6-vl'zur), n. A steward, a purveyor. Pro-vi-sor-y (pr6-vl'zurVe), a. Conditional, containing a proviso. Prov-o-ca-tion ( y pr6v-6-ka/shun), n. Incitement ; cause of anger. [19-25.] [205-10.] Pro-vo-ca-tive (pr6-v6'ka v tlv), n. That which stimulates appetite : — a., exciting, stimulating. Pro-voke (pr6-v6ke'), v. t. To rouse ; to incense ; to make angry. [112-15.] Pro-vo'king, p. prs. Pro-vo-king-ly (prd-v6'king A l£), ad. So as to raise anger. *Prov-ost (pr6v'iist), n. One who presides over a city, a college, or a king's household; a mayor, a president, a chief officer. Pro-vost (pr6-v6' or pr6v'ust), n. The chief of the criminal depart- ment of an army or navy ; the official prosecutor of counter- feiters. *Pro-vost-ship (pr6'v6 x ship or prftv'ustWp), n. The office of a provost. Prow (prdu), n. The head or fore- part of a ship. [352-11.] Prow-ess (prSil'es), n. Bravery, valor, military gallantry. Prowl (prdul), v. i. To wander for prey; to rove about: — »., a ramble for prey. Prox-i-mate (proks'e^init), a. Im- mediate, direct, next, nearest. Prox-i-mate-ly (pr6ks'e v mit-le), ad. Immediately; by immedi- ate relation; next. PSA PUB nSr, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 6x1 — p5und — thin, this. PI7F Prox-im-i-ty (pr6x-lm'e x te), n. Nearness, adjacency. Prox-i-mo (prftks'e^mo), ft. The next month. *Prox-y (proks'e), n. The agency of another ; a substitute. Proxies, n. pi. Prude (prS&d), n. A woman over- nice and scrupulous. Pru-dence (pr66'dense), ft. Wis- dom applied to practice, caution. [82-28.] Pru-dent (pr66'dent), a. Discreet, practically wise ; judicious ; fru- gal. [69-3.] [211-2.] *Pru-den-tial (pr66-den'shal), a. Dictated by prudence; having care or superintendence. Pru-den-tials (pr66-den'shalz), n.pl. Maxims of prudence. Pru-dent-ly (prftS'dentfle), ad. Discreetly, wisely. Pru-der-y (pr66'durVe), ft. Af- fected reserve or nicety in conduct. Pru-dish (pr66'dish), a. Affectedly grave, reserved, or precise. Prune (pr66n), v. t. To lop; to divest trees of their superflui- ties ; to trim : — ft., a dried plum. Pru'ning, p. prs. Pru-nel-la (pr6o-nel'la), ) *Pru-nel-lo (pr66-nel'ld), J n ' A kind of silken stuff; a prune. Pru-nel'loes, n. pi. *Pru-ri-ence (pr66're^nse), n. An itching or great desire. Pru-ri-ent (pr66're x ent), a. Itch- ing, uneasy with desire. Prus-sic (pms'sik or prus'sik), a. Noting a poisonous acid. Pry (pri), v. i. [prs. t. 3, pries.] To peep narrowly; to inspect closely : — v. t. y to raise with lever : — n., a lever. Pri' ed, p. prf. Psalm (sain or sam), n. A sacred song or hymn. *Psalm-ist (sam'ist, sam'lst, or sal'mlst), ». A writer of sacred songs. Psal-mod-i-cal (sal-m&d'e N kal or satn-6d'e^kal), a. Relating to psalms or psalmody. ^Psal-mo-dist (sal'mdMlst or sam'6 x dist), n. A singer of psalms. Psal-mo-dy (sal'm6Me or sam'6- Me), n. The act of singing sa- cred songs ; a collection of sacred songs. [303-11.] Psal'mo v dies, n. pi. *Psal-ter (sawl'tur), n. The Book of Psalms. *Psal-ter-y (sawl'turVe), ft. A kind of harp. Psal'teries, n. pi. *Pseu-do (su'd6), a. False, coun- terfeit: — used only in compound words ; thus, ^sewrfo-philanthro- pist. Pshaw (shaw), in. An expression of contempt or disdain. PSY-CHO-LOG-IC-AL(\d-k6-lojlk V al) a. Relating to psychology ; mes- meric : — see mesmerism. *Psy-chol-o-gist (si-k6l'ld v jist), n. One versed in psychology. PsY-cHOL-o-GiZE(si-k61'l6 N jize),t;.<. To put into a mesmeric state. Psy-cholVgi-zing, p. prs. "*Psy-chol-o-gy (si-k61'ld v je), n. The science of the nature of the soul ; a branch of mesmerism. *Psy-cho-man-cy (si'k6 v man-se), n. Divination by consulting the souls of the dead. Pu-ber-ty (pu'beYte), n. The age following childhood. Pu-bes-cence (pu-bes'sense), n. State of puberty ; down of plants. Pu-bes-cent (pu-beVsent), a. Ar- riving at puberty ; downy. Pcb-lic (pub'lik), a. Belonging to a state or nation ; open, notori- ous, common : — n., the general body of a nation. Pcjb-li-can (pub'l^kan), n. Atoll- gatherer; an innkeeper. Pub-li-ca-tion ( v pub-le-ka'shun), n. The act of publishing ; a proclamation. [239-15.] *Pub-li-cist (pub'le^sist), n. A writer on the laws of nations. *Pub-lic-i-ty (pub-lis'se x te), n. State of being public, notoriety. PuB-Lic-LY(pub r llk x le), ad. Openly. Pub-LISH (pub'lish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, publishes.] To make openly known; to declare; to put forth. [282-13.] Pub-lish-er (pub'llsVur), n. One who makes public ; one who pub- lishes a book. Pub-lish-ment (pub'lish^ment), ft. A public notice of an intended marriage. *Puce (puse), a. Of a dark brown color : — formerly written puke. Puck (puk), n. A roguish spirit; a fairy ; Robin-goodfellow. Puck-er (puk'kur), v. t. To gather into wrinkles; to contract into folds: — ft., a wrinkle; a small fold. Pud-der (pud'dur), ft. A tumult : — v. t., to perplex. Pud-ding (pud'ding), ft. A kind of food variously compounded. Pud-dle (pud'dl), ft. A small, muddy lake or pool: — v. t., to make muddy ; to line with clay, dirt, or sand to prevent leakage. Pud'dling, p. prs. Pud-dly (pud'dle), a. Muddy. Pu-den-cy (pu'den x se), n. Shame- facedness, modesty. Pu-dic-i-ty (pu-dis'se x te), n. Mod- esty, chastity. *Pu-e-rile (pu'eVil), a. Childish, boyish; weak; juvenile. Pu-e-ril-i-ty ( x pu-e-ril'le v te), ». Childishness, harmlessness. ^Pu-e-ril'fties, ft. pi. Puff, n. A small blast of wind; a fungus; any thing light and porous; something to sprinkle powder on the hair; unmerited commendation : — v. t., to swell with wind ; to inflate ; to praise extravagantly : — v. ?"., to swell the cheeks with air; to pant. 407 PUL PUM Fate, far, fall, fat — me, niet — pine, pin — n&, mftve, PUN *Puf-fi-ness (puf fe N n£s), n. State of being turgid or puffy. Puf-fy (puffi), a. [puffier — puffiest.] Windy j turgid. Pug, n. A name of a fondled animal. Pugh (po&h), in, A word of con- tempt. Pu-gil-ism (pu'jirizm), n. The practice of fighting with the fist. *Pu-gil-ist (pu'jirist), n. One who fights with the fist, a boxer. Pu-gil-ist-ic ( x pu-jll-lst'lk), a. Pertaining to pugilism. *Pug-na-cious (pug-na'shus), a. Quarrelsome, contentious. Pug-nac-i-ty (pug-nas'se y t&), n. Inclination to fight. #Puis-ne (pu'ne), a. Inferior; younger; petty. *Pu-is-sance (pu'ls^sanse or pu- Is'sanse), n. Strength ; power ; force. Pu-is-sant (pu'is x sant or pu-ls'- sant), a. Forcible, powerful. Puke, v. t. or v. i. To vomit; to spew : — n., a vomit ; a medicine that causes vomiting : — see puce. Pu'king, p. prs, *Pul-chri-tude (pul'kreHude), n. Beauty, comeliness. Pule, v. i. To cry like a chicken ; to whine; to whimper. Pu'ling, p. prs. Pull, v. t. or v. i. To draw forci- bly; to pluck down; to tear: — n., the act of pulling. Pull-back (pill'bak), n. Some- thing that pulls back or hinders, restraint. Pul-let (pul'lit), n. A young hen. *Pul-ley (piii'le), n. A small wheel with a groove for a run- ning cord ; a mechanical power. Pul-mo-na-ry (pul'm6 v na-re), a. Belonging to, or affecting, the lungs. Pul-mon-ic (pul-m6n'ik), n. A medicine for diseases of the lungs; one diseased in the lungs. 408 Pulp, n. Any soft mass ; the soft part of fruit. Pul-pit (pul'plt), n. An elevated desk or structure for speakers. Pulp-ous (pulp'us), ) a. Soft, like Pulp-y (pulp'e), J pulp. Pul-sate (pul'sate), v. i. To beat or throb, as an artery. Pul'sa v ting, p. prs. *Pul-sa-tile (pul'saHll), a. Ad- mitting of striking or beating. *Pul-sa-til-la ( v pul-sa-tll'la), n. A plant and its flower; a species of anemone. Pul-sa-tion (pul-sa'shun), n. The act of throbbing. [105-24.] PUL-SA-TIVE (pul'sa^tlv), ) Pul-sa-tor-y (pul'saHur-re), j a ' Beating, throbbing like the pulse. Pulse, n. The motion of an art- ery as the blood is driven through it; leguminous plants. [319-1.] Pul-sif-ic (pul-slflk), a. Exciting the pulse. Pul-ver-a-ble (pulVeVa-bl), a. Capable of pulverization. PUL-VER-I-ZA-TION ( V pill-V^r-6-za'- shun), n. Reduction to dust or powder. Pul-ver-ize (pul'veVlze), v. t. To reduce to powder; to triturate. Pul'verVzing, p. prs. *Pul-ver-u-lence (pul-ver'u- N l£nse), n. Dustiness, powder. *Pum-ice (pum'mls or pu'mis), n. A cinder of some fossil ; a porous substance. *Pu-mi-ceous (pu-mlsh'us), a. Like pumice. PUM-MEL. See POMMEL. Pump, n. An engine by which water is drawn up from wells, &c; a kind of light shoe : — v. i., to work a pump : — v. t., to examine artfully. *Pump-brake (pump'brake),«.The handle of a pump. Pump-dale (pump'dale), n. A wooden tube to convey water from a chain-pump across a ship. Pomp-i-on (pump'e x 6n), Pump-ion (putnp'yun), *Pump-kin (pump'kln), A plant and its fruit. Pun, n. A play upon words which agree in sound, but differ in meaning : — v. i. f to make puns. Pun'ning, p. prs. Pun'ned, p. prf. Punch (punsh), n, A pointed in- strument; a beverage made by mixing spirituous liquor with water, sugar, and the juice of lemons; the harlequin of a pup- pet-show ; a blow : — v. L, to bore or perforate by driving a sharp instrument; to thrust. Punch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. "**Punch-eon (punsh'un), n. A wine-cask of 84 gallons or two tierces ; the contents of a punch- eon ; a tool for stamping : — see gallon. *PuN-CHi-NEL-Lo( x pun-she-n^n6), n. A buffoon ; a punch. v Pun-chi-nel'loes, n. pi. Punc-ta-ted (punk'taHed), a. Drawn into a point, pointed. PuNC-TiL-io(pungk-tiry6)w.Nicety of behavior. [268.] *PUNC-TIL'lOS, 71. pi. *Punc-til-ious (pungk-tll'yus), a, Nice, exact, very precise. [244-9.] [129-10.] Punc-to (pungk't6), n. The point in fencing; a nice point in cere- mony; a punctilio. *Punc'toes, n. pi. Punc-tual (pungk'tshti^al), a. At the precise time, exact. Punc-tu-al-i-ty fpungk-tshu-al'- leHe), n. Nicety, scrupulous ex- actness, in time. [306-7.] PuNC-TU-AL-LY(pungk'tshu'al-le), ad. Nicely, exactly, scrupulous- ly in regard to time. [328.] Punc-tu-ate (pungk'tshu^ate), v. I, To mark literary composition with points or stops. Punc'tu v a-ting, p. prs. PUP PUR nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pSund — thin, this. PUR Punc-tu-a-tion fpungk-tshu-a' shun), n. The art or method of pointing a writing. Punc-ture (pungk'tshur), n. A hole made with a sharp point: — v. t. f to pierce with a point. Punc'tu n ring, p. prs. Pun-dit (pun'dit), n. A learned Brahmin. Pung, n. A rude, one-horse sleigh. Pun-gen-cy (pun'jeVse), n. Power of pricking ; keenness, sharpness. Pun-gent (pun'jent), a. Pricking, sharp, acrimonious.f Ptr-Nic (pu'nik), a. Pertaining to Carthage ; treacherous. Pu-ni-ness (pu r ne v nes), n. Little- ness, smallness, weakness. Pun-ish (pun'lsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, punishes.] To chastise ; to cor- rect ; to castigate ; to afflict with pain for a fault. Pun-ish-a-ble (pun'ish^a-bl), a. Liable to punishment Pun-ish-ment (pun'ish N ment), n. An infliction for a fault or crime. *Pu-ni-tive (pu'neHlv), a. Penal, inflicting punishment. Punk (pungk), n. A fungus; rot- ten wood. Pun-ster (pun'stur), n. One given to punning. Punt, n. A flat-bottomed boat. Pu-ny (pu'ne), a. [punier — pu niest.] Little, petty; young; weak; inferior. [58-27.] Pup, n. A young dog, a puppy, Pu-pa (pu'pa), n. An insect in the second stage of its existence; chrysalis : — see caterpillar. Pu'piE, n. pi. Pu-pil (pu'pll), n. The apple of the eye ; a scholar. Pu-pil-age (pu'pirije), n. State of being a scholar ; wardship. Pertaining to a pupil or ward. Pup-pet (pup'plt), n. A small image moved by a wire, a doll. Pup-pet-Show (pup'plt^sh6), n. A mock drama performed by ima- ges moved by wires. Pup-py (pup'pe), n. A whelp; an impertinent fellow. Pup'pies, n. pi. *Pup-py-ism (pup'pelzm), n. Con- ceit ; cringing meanness. Pur. See purr. Pur-blind (pur'bllnd), a. Near- sighted. *Pur-chas-a-ble (ptir'tshas^a-bl), a. Possible to be purchased. Pur-chase (pur'tshas), n. Any thing bought; a bargain; me- chanical advantage : — v. t. or v. i., to obtain ; to buy. Pur'chas^ing, p. prs. Pure, a. Unsullied ; clear ; free from guilt ; chaste. Pure-ly (purele), ad. In a pure manner, without mixture ; merely. Pure-ness (pure'nes), n. Clear- ness; simplicity; innocence. Pur-ga-tion (pur-ga'shun), n. The act of cleansing or purifying. Pur-ga-tive (pur'ga^tiv), a. Ca- thartic, tending to purge : — n., a purging medicine. PUR-GA-TO-RI-AL^p&r-ga-toWal), a. Belonging to purgatory. Pur-ga-tor-y (pur'ga v tur-re), n. According to the faith of some Christians, a place in which souls are purified by punishment. Purge (purje), v. t. To cleanse; to purify ; to clear : — v. i. y to be- come pure or clean (ap. p. — of, from, away) : — n., a cathartic. Pur'ging,^. prs. Pu-ri-fi-ca-tion fpu-re-fe-ka'- shun), n. Act of making pure. Pu-ri-fi-er (pu're v fi-ur), n. One who or that which purifies. Pu-ri-fy (pu're'fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, purifies.] To make pure ; to cleanse : — v. i., to become pure. Pu'ri n fi-ed, p. prf. Pu-rim (pu'rlm), n. The Jewish feast of lots. 35 Pu-rist (pu'rist), n. One extremely nice in the choice of words. Pu-ri-tan (pu'reHan), n. A dis- senter from the Church of Eng- land ; one very strict in morals, religious duties, &c. Pu-Ri-TAN-i-CAL( v pu-re-tan'e x kal), a. Relating to Puritans. Pu-ri-tan-ism (pu'reHan-lzm), n. The practice or creed of the Puritans. Pu-ri-ty (pu'reHe), n. Chastity; cleanness ; genuineness. [84-20.] [378-16.] Pu'rlties, n. pi. Purl, n. A kind of lace ; a medi- * cated malt liquor ; a gentle rip- pling: — v. i., to murmur; to flow with a gentle noise. Pur-lieu (pur'lu), n. Border; enclosure ; district. [141-38.] *Pur-lieus (pur'luze), n. pi. Pur-loin (pur-l61n'), v. t. To take by theft : — v. i., to practice theft. Pur-loin-er (pur-l6in'ur), n. A thief. Pur-ple (pur'pl), a. Red tinged with blue : — v.t.,to color with pur- ple : — n., a purple color or dress. Pur'pling, p. prs. Pur'ples, n. pi. A kind of scurvy. Pur-plish (pur'pllsh), a. Some- what purple. Pur-port (pivr'port), n. Design ; tendency : — v. t., to intend ; to show; to import. Pur-pose (pur'pus), n. Design, intention, aim, object [248] : — v. t., to intend or design : — v. i. f to have an intention. Pur'pos x ing, p. prs. Pur-pose-ly (pur'pus^le), ad. By design, on purpose. Pur ) / a x . f To murmur *PuE R pP ,lr >' ,, - r - J as a cat; [317-20] : — n., murmur of a cat. Purse, n. A small bag for money; the prize of money at a race : — v. t., to contract as a purse ; to put into a purse. 409 PUS PYE Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m5ve, PYX Pur's ing, p. prs. Purse'prIde, n. Pride of wealth. Purse-proud (purse'prdiid), a. Puffed up with riches. Pur-ser (pur'sur), n. The pay- master of a ship. Pur-si-ness (pur'se^nes), n. Short- ness of breath with corpulence. Pur-su-ance (ptir-su'anse), n. Pro- cess ; prosecution ; consequence. Pur-su-ant (pur-su'ant), a. Done in consequence ; consequent ; agreeable. Pur-sue (pur-su'), v. U To follow to chase ; to prosecute : — v. %., to go on ; to proceed. Pur-su'ing, p. prs. Pur-su-er (pi\r-su'ur), n. One who pursues. Pur-suit (pur-sute')> n. The act of following; employment, occupa- tion; chase. [139-24.] *Pur-sui-vant (pur'sweVant), n. A state messenger. Pur-sy (pur'se), a. Short-breathed, in consequence of corpulence. Pur-te-nance (pur'te^nanse), n. The pluck of an animal. Pu-ru-lence (puWle'nse), ) Pu-ru-len-cy (pu'ru'len-se), J n ' Generation of pus and matter; pus. Pu-ru-lent (pu'ruHent), a. Con- sisting of pus. Pur-vey (pur-va'), v. t. To pro- vide : — v. i., to buy in provisions. Pur-vey-ance (pur-va'anse), n. Act of purveying ; provision. Pur-vey-or (pur-va'ur), n. One who provides. Pur-view (pur'vu), n. Sphere ; limit, scope ; the body of a stat- ute distinct from the preamble. Pus, n. The yellowish-white mat- ter of an ulcer, sore, &c. Push, v. t. To drive; to urge; to thrust; to make a push : — n. t an impulse ; a trial ; a thrust. Push'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Pu-sil-lan-im-i-ty (pu^sll-lan-lnr'- e'te; n. Cowardice, timidity. 410 *Pu-sil-lan-i-mous ( v pu-sll-lan'e- WLs), a. Cowardly. Puss, n. A cat; a hare. Puss'es, n. pi. Pust-u-late (pus'tshu^late), v. i, To form into pustules. PustVla-ting, p. prs. Pus-tule (ptis'tshule), n. A pim- ple containing pus. *Pus-tu-lous (pus'tshuHus), a. Having pustules. Put, v. t. [put — put.] To lay ; to bring to a condition ; to propose : — v. i. } to shoot (forth); to steer. Put'ting, p. prs. Put, n. A rustic ; a clown; a game at cards. Pu-ta-tive (pu'ta^tiv), a. Sup- posed ; not real. Pu-tid (pu'tld), a. Low ; base. Put-off (put'6f or put'awf), n, An excuse, an evasion. Pu-tre-fac-tion ( N pu-tr&-fak'- shun), n. State of growing rotten, *Pu-tre-fac-tive ( x pu-tre-fak'- tlv), a. Becoming or making rotten. *Pu-tre-fy (pu'trM), v. i. [prs. t. 3, putrefies.] To rot: — v. t. t to cause to rot. Pu'treVi-ed, p. prf. *Pu-tres-cence (pu-treVsense), n. State of rotting, rottenness. Pu-tres-cent (pu-treVse'nt), a. Growing rotten ; putrid. Pu-tres-ci-ble (pu-treV se'bl), a. Liable to become rotten. Pu-TRin(pu / trid),a. Rotten,corrupt. Pu-trid-i-ty (pu-trld'e N te), ) Pu-trid-ness (pu'trid N ne ! s), J n ' Rottenness. Put-ty (put'te), n. A cement used by glaziers : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, put- tie s], to cement with putty. Puz-zle (puVzl), v. t. To perplex : v. i. f to be perplexed : — n., em- barrassment, perplexity; a toy or game to test ingenuity. Puz'zling, p. prs. Pye. See pie. *Pyg-me-an (plg-me'an), a. Like a pigmy, dwarfish. Pyg-my (plg'ine), n. A dwarf: — a., pygmean, dwarfish : — some-, times written pigmy. Pyg'mies, n. pi. Pyr-a-mid (plr'a'mid), n. A solid having a base of three or more sides, and a like number of con- joined triangular faces termina- ting in a point called the vertex. [98-5.] Py-ram-i-dal (pe-ram'e'dal), ^PYR-A-MiD-i-CAL^pir-a-mid^kal) a. Having the form of a pyramid. *Pyre (plre), n. A funeral-pile; a pile to be burnt. Pyr-ite (plr'lte), n. Fire-stone ; a combination of sulphur with iron, copper, nickel, or cobalt. *Py-ri'tes, n. sing, or pi. *Pyr-o-lig-ne-ous ( x plr-c-llg'ne- ^us), a. Noting an impure acetic acid obtained by distilling wood, coal, &g. Pyr-ol-o-gy (plr-ol'16'je), n. The science of heat. Pyr-om-e-ter (pir-6m'eHur), n. An instrument used to measure in- tense heat, or the expansion caused by heat. Pyr-o-tech-nic ( v pir-6-tfik / nlk), a. Pertaining to fireworks, or to their manufacture. ^PYR-o-TECH-Nicsfplr-o-teVnlks) n. pl.The art of making fireworks. Pyr-o-tech-nist ( x plr-6-tek'nlst), n. One skilled in pyrotechnics. Pyr-rhic (pir'rik), n. A poetic foot of two short syllables : — a., relating to a pyrrhic. *Pyr-rho-nism (plr / r6 r nizm), n. Skepticism, universal doubt: the doctrines of Pyrrho. *Pyth-o-ness (pkJWne's), n. The priestess of Apollo at Delphi; a witch. Pyx (plks), n. The box in which the host is carried ; a box used to test coins : — often written pix. QUA QUA nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— dil— p5und- -thin, THis. QUA Q(ku), n. The seventeenth letter and the twelfth consonant is always followed by u. The name is written Kue, and the plural Rues. It is usually the abbre- viation of queen or question. Q.E.D. stand for quod erat dem- onstrandum (ichich was to be proved); qr. for quarter or quad- rans [a farthing). Quack (kwak), v. i. To cry like a duck: — n., a boastful pretender to any art; an empiric, a mount- Iebank, a charlatan : — a., secret in composition and reputed to possess great efficacy ; as, a quack medicine ; empirical : guilty of quackery ; as, a quack doctor. Quack-er-y (kwak'kuVre), n. Pretension to a knowledge of physic ; practice of a quack. Quack'er v ies, ft. pi. Quack-ish (kwak'lsh), a. Like a quack; empirical. *Q.uAD-RA-GEs-i-MA( v kw6d-ra-jes / - e v ma), n. The season of Lent, lasting forty days. Quad-ra-ges-i-mal ( v kw6d-ra-jeV- e v mal), a. Relating to Lent. Quad-ran-gle (kw6d'rang N gl), n. A plane figure with four angles ; a quadrilateral. Quad-ran-gu-lar (kw&d-rang'gu- x lur), a. Having four angles ; quadrilateral. Quad-rant (kw&d'rant), n. The fourth part ; an instrument with which altitudes are taken ; a quarter of a circle, or 90°. Quad-rant-al (kw6d-rant'al), a. Included in the fourth part of a circle j pertaining to a quad- rant. Quad-rat (kw6d'rlt), n. A square piece of metal used to fill up spaces in printing. Quad-rate (kw6d'rlt), a. Square ; having four sides ; divisible into four parts ; adapted : — n., a square surface. Quad-rate (kw6d'rate), v. i. To square ; to suit ; to adapt. Quad'ra^ting, p. pre. Quad-rat-ic (kw6d-ratlk), a. Be- longing to a square; produced by squaring; including a square. Quad-ra-ture (kw6d'ra\shure), n. The act of squaring. #Quad-ren-ni-al (kw6d-re ! n'ne- x al), a. Happening once in four years. Quad-ri-lat-er-al (Miw&d-re-lat'- eVal), a. Having four sides : — ft., a plane figure having four sides: a quadrangle. *Qua-drille (ka-drll'), ft. A game at cards ; a dance. Quad-ril-lion (kw6d-rlryun), a.or ft. By the French or American method of numeration, a number expressed by a unit in the six- teenth place ; by the English method, a unit in the twenty-fifth place. Quad-rip-ar-tite (kw&d-rlp'ar- Hlte), a. Divided into four parts ; binding four parties. *Quad-ru-ma-nous (kw6d-ru'ma- N nus), a. Having four hands. Quad-ru-ped (kw6d'ru v ped), n. An animal that has four legs : — a., having four feet.f Quad-ru-ple (kw6d r ru x pl),v. t. To make four times as many: — a., fourfold ; four times told. Qcad'ruVling, p. prs. Quad-ru-pli-cate (kw6d-ru'ple- v kit), a. Fourfold. Quad-ru-pli-cate (kw6d-ru/ple- v kate), v. t. To double twice. QuAD-RU'PLI V CA-TING, p. prs. Quad-ru-pli-ca-tion ( v kw6d-ru- ple-ka'shdn), w. The taking of a thing four times. Quaff (kwaf or kwaf), v. t. To drink; to swallow. Quag (kwag), n. A quagmire. *Quag-gy (kwag'ge), a. [quag- GIER — QUAGGIEST.] Boggy. Quag-mire (kwag'mlre), ft. A shaking, yielding marsh. Quail (kwale), n. A bird of game : — v. t., to languish ; to de- ject: — v. t., to crush; to de- press ; to cause to quail. Quaint (kwant), a. Neat; whim- sical; strange; odd; affected; fanciful. [25-36.] Quaint-ly (kwant'le), ad. Nicely, exactly; oddly; fancifully. -Quaint-ness (kwant'nSs), n. Odd- ness; nicety; affected precise- ness. Quake (kwake), v. i. To shake with cold or fear; to tremble; to shudder: — ft., a shuddering, a trembling. Qua'king, p. prs. Qua-ker (kwa'kur), w. One of a religious sect called Friends. Qua-ker-ism (kwa'ktirlzm), ft. The principles of Quakers. Qual-i-fi-a-ble (kw&l'le'fl-a^bl), a. Admitting of qualification or modification. Qual-i-fi-ca-tion ( x kw6l-le-fe-ka r - shun), ft. Accomplishment ; ac- quirement ; abatement ; that which qualifies. [322-18.] Qual-i-fi-er (kwol'le'ft-ur), n. One who or that which qualifies. Qual-i-fy (kw61 / le v fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, qualifies.] To fit for ; to accomplish ; to modify ; to abate ; to limit; to soften. Qual Vfi-ed, p. prf Qual-i-ty (kw61'le x te), w. Nature relatively considered ; property ; rank; persons of rank; charac- ter; temper, disposition. [123-2.] [384-15.] Qualities, n. pi. *Qualm (kwam or kwam), n. A sudden fit of sickness, nausea; scruple of conscience, compunc- tion, self-reproof. 411 QUA QUA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m&t — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, QUE Qualm-ish (kwam'lsh or kwam'- Ish), a. Seized with sickly languor. Quan-ba-ry (kw&n-da'r£ or kw6n'- daVe), n. A doubt, a difficulty ; state of perplexity. Quan-da'ries, n. pi. Quan-ti-ty (kw6n'te x te), n. That property of any thing which may be increased or diminished ; bulk or weight ; a portion ; a part; measure; the measure of time in pronouncing a syllable. Quan'ti v ties, n. pi. Quan-tum (kwftn'tum), n. Amount, quantity. *Quar-an-tine ^kwor-ran-teen'), n. Forty days ; the time which a ship suspected of infection is obliged to forbear intercourse with the shore: — v. t., to re- strain from intercourse so as to avoid danger from infectious diseases. Quar-rel (kw&r'rll), n. A brawl, a dispute, a contest ; a scuffle : — v. i., to debate, squabble ; to dis- pute violently, (ap. p. — with.) Quar'relW, I *Quar'rel > ling, j p ' pr8m Quar'rel-ed, j - *Quar'rell-ed, SV'W- Quar-rel-some (kw&r'rlfsum), a. Inclined to contentions. *Quar-rel-some-ness (kw&r'ril- N sum-n^s), n. Contentiousness. Quar-ry (kw6r're), n. Game pur- sued or killed by birds of prey ; a place where stone, piece of music in Quar-tette J four parts ; a stan- za of four lines. *'QuAR-TETS', "] Quar-tetts', > n. pi. Qtjar-tettes', J Quar-tile (kwar'tll), n. An as- pect of two planets ninety de- grees distant from each other. Quar-to (kwar't6), n. A book in which a sheet of paper makes four leaves: — a., having four leaves to a sheet. *Quar'tos, ) , Quar'toes, J n ' ? L * Quartz (kwartz), n. A mineral; rock-crystal. SQUASH (kw6sh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, quashes.] To crush; to sub- due ; to annul. *Qua-si (kwa'sl), a. Implied, as a quasi contract; as it were; pretended, as a quasi corpo- ration. *Quas-si-A (kw&sh'e x a), n. A medicinal plant, the wood of which is noted for its intense and abiding bitterness. Quas-sin ) /i * / * \ f The *Qua S -sine| ( kwassln )' n - {bit- ter principle of quassia. Qua-ter-na-ry (kwa-teVniirVe), a. Consisting of four : — n., the number 4. *Qua-ter-ni-on (kwa-teVne v un), n. The number 4; a file of four soldiers. •■■Qua-train (kwa'trin), n. A stanza of four lines rhyming alternately. Qua-ver (kwa'vur), v. i. To shake the voice, to vibrate : — n., a shake of the voice ; in Music, an eighth note, marked thus [ £ ]. **Quay (ke), n. An artificial bank to the sea or a river, a wharf, a mole : — v. t., to furnish with quays: — often written key. *Quay-age (ke'ije), n. Money paid for the use of a quay. *Queach-y (kweetsh'e), a. Shak- ing from mire, quaggy. *Quean (kween), ra. A worthless woman. *Quea-si-ness (kwee'ze y ne's), n. Nausea. *Quea-sy (kwe'ze), a. [queasier — queasiest.] Squeamish, fas- tidious ; sick at the stomach. # QUE QUI nor, n6t— -tube, tub, bill— Sil- -pound — thin, this. QUI *Queen (kwe£n), n. A supreme governess ; the wife of a king : — v. i., to play or act the queen. Queen-Dow-a-ger (kwe&n-d6u'a- v jur), n. The widow of a king. Queen-ly (kwe^n'le), ad. [queen- lier — QUEENLiEST.JLike a queen. Queer (kwe£r), a. Odd, strange, droll, fanciful. Queer-ly (kweeyi&), ad. Oddly, strangely. Queer-ness (kweer'nSs), n. Odd- ness, singularity. Quell (kwel), v. t. To crush ; to subdue. Quell-er (kwel'ur), n. One who crushes or subdues. Quench (kwensh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, quenches.] To extinguish ; to repress ; to allay ; to destroy ; to cool : — v. i.y to grow cool. Quench-a-ble (kwensh'a v bl), a. Possible to be quenched. Quench-less (kwensh'les), a. Un- extinguishable. *Quer-cit-ron (kwur'sltVun), n. The bark of the black oak, used for dyeing black. *Quer-i-mo-ni-ous fkwe*r-£-m6'- ne'us), a. Complaining, mur- muring. QuER-i-MO-Ni-ous-LY(^kw£r-e-m6'- ne v us-l&), ad. Complainingly. *Que-rist (kwe'rlst), n. An in- quirer. *Quern (kwurn), n. A handmill. *Quer-u-lous (kweVu x lus), a. Habitually complaining ; expres- sing complaint. [260-5.] Quer-u-lous-ly (kweVulus-l£), ad. Complainingly. Quer-u-lous-ness (kwer'u'lus- ne's), n. A habit of complaining. Que-ry (kwe're), n. A question ; an inquiry to be resolved: — v. t., to ask questions; to in- quire : — v. i., to question ; to be uncertain of. *Que-ries, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Que'ri-ed, p. prf. Quest (kwest), n. The act of seeking; search; inquiry; re- quest [150-30] : — v. t., to seek for; to search. Ques-tion (kwes'tshun), n. That which is asked, interrogatory, inquiry : — v. i. f to inquire ; to interrogate : — v. t., to examine one by questions; to doubt; to be uncertain of. (ap. p. — on, upon.) Ques'tion-ed, p. prf, (ap. p. — on, upon, by.) Ques-tion-a-ble (kwes'tshun^a- bl), a. Doubtful, disputable. Ques-tion-a-ble-ness (kwes'- tshun x a-bPnes), ». State of be- ing questionable. Ques-tion-a-ry (kweVtshun x a-r£), a. Inquiring. Ques-tion-er (kweVtshun^ur), n. One who questions. Ques-tion-less (kweVtshun^s), ad. Without doubt; unques- tionably : — a., unquestionable ; certain. *Ques-tor (kwes'tur), n. A Ro- man treasurer. Ques-tor-ship (kweVtur^ship), n. The office of a questor. *Queue (ku), n. A tie of hair; a cue : — see cue. Quib (kwib), n. A taunt; a sar- casm ; a quib. Qutb-ble (kwlb'bl), v. i. To pun; to cavil; to play on the sounds of words : — n., a low con- ceit, a pun ; a pretense. Quib'bling, p. prs. Quib-bler (kwlb'blur), n. One who quibbles ; a punster. Quick (kwik), a. Living; swift; nimble : — ad., nimbly, speedily : — n., any sensible part ; the living flesh ; the living. Quick-en (kwik'kn), v. t. To make alive; to hasten; to ac- celerate ; to sharpen ; to excite : — v. i., to become alive; to move b with speed. 35* *Quick-en-er (kwlk'kn^ur), n. One that quickens. Quick-lime (kwlk'llme), n. Lime fresh-burnt or unquenched. Quick-ly (kwik'le), ad. [quick- lier — quickliest.] Nimbly ; speedily, without delay. Quick-ness (kwfk'nes), n. Speed, celerity; activity. Quick-sand (kwik'sand), n. Un- solid ground, moving sand. Quick-scent-ed (kwik-sent'Sd), a. Having acute smell. Quick-set (kwik'set), n. A living plant set to grow: — a., formed of living plants : — v. t. [quick- set — quickset], to plant with living trees. Quick'set^ting, p.pr6. Quick-sight-ed (kwik-slte'e'd), a. Having a sharp sight. QuiCK-SIGHT-ED-NESS (kwlk-slte'- ed N nes), n. Sharpness of sight. Quick-sil-ver (kwik'sllV&r), n. The metal mercury. Quick-wit-ted (kwik'witHe'd), a. Having ready wit. Quid (kwld), n. A chew, a cud. Quid-di-ty (kwid'de N te), n. Es- sence ; a cavil ; a trifling nicety, Quid'di v ties, n. pi. *Quid-nunc (kwid'nunk), n. One curious to know every thing. *Qui-esce (kwl-eV), v. i. To have no sound, as a letter. Qui-es'cing, p. prs. Qui-es-cence (kwl-es'sense), n. Rest, repose, silence, quiet. *Qui-es-cent (kwl-es'se'nt), a. Resting ; silent ; quiet. Qui-et (kwl'et), a. Still, peace- able; calm: — »., rest, repose : — v. t., to calm ; to still. Qui-et-ism (kwl'eYizni), n. The faith of the Quietists. Qui-et-ist (kwi'etlst), n. One who believes that religion consists in the quiet contemplation of God, and in calm submission to his . will. 413 QUI QUI Fate, far, fail, fS,t — me, met- -plne, pin — no, move, QUO ri'ne^a), ) re-nl'na), > n. kwl'nine), J Qui-et-ly (kwlWle), ad Calmly; at rest. Qui-et-ness (kwl'eVnfts), n. State of rest; peace, stillness. Qui-e-tude (kwi'eHude), n. Rest, repose, tranquillity. #Qui-e-tus (kwl-e'tus), n. Final discharge, repose, death. Qui-e'tus^es, n. pi. Quill (kwll), n. The strong feather of the wing, of which a pen is made; dart of a porcupine: — v. t., to form in ridges like quills. Quilt (kwlit), n. A cover for a bed: — v. t., to stitch one cloth upon another with something soft between. Qui-na-ry (kwi'naVe), a. Consist- ing of five. * Quince (kwlnse), n. A tree and its fruit. Qui-ni-a (kwl'ne^a) Qui-ni-na (kwe *Qui-nine (k A medicinal substance obtained from Peruvian bark. #Quin-qua-ges-i-ma ( N kwln-kwa- jes'e^ma), n. The seventh Sun- day before Easter ; Shrove Sunday. *Quin-sy (kwln'ze), n. A tumid inflammation in the throat. Quint (kint), n. A set or se- quence of five. *Qu.N-TAIN | (kwln , t j n) „. Quin-tin J v " An object to be tilted at. (It was usually an upright post with a top which turned on a pivot.) *Quint-al (kwlnt'al), n. A hun- dred pounds of fish : — sometimes written kentle. *Quin-tes-sence (kwln-teV- s6nse), n. An extract from any thing containing all its virtues ; essence. Quin-tes-sen-tial ( v kwin-tes-seV- shal), a. Consisting of quin- tessence. 414 0^™J(kwin-t^),n. { A QUIN-TETTE J v I mu sical composition in five parts. *QuiN-TETS', | , QuiN-TETTES', f n ' P ' QuiN-TiL-LiON(kwln-tlFyun),a.orn. ^ By the French or American method of numeration, a number ex- pressed by a unit in the nine- teenth place; by the English method, a unit in the thirty-first place. Quin-tin. See quintain. Quin-tu-ple (kwlnWpl), a. Fivefold. Quip (kwip), n. A sharp jest ; a taunt ; a retort : — v. t. or v. i. f to taunt; to scoff. Quip 'ping, p. prs. Quip'ped, p. prf. * Quire (kwlre), n. Twenty -four sheets of paper ; a choir : — v, t. f to sing in concert. Quir'ing, p. prs. Quirk (kwerk), n. A smart taunt or evasion ; subtlety ; nicety. Quirk-ish (kwerk'lsh), a. Con- sisting of quirks. Quit (kwlt), v. t. [quitted or quit — quitted or quit.] To dis- charge an obligation ; to resign ; to give up ; to leave ; to forsake : — a., free, made clear. Quit'ting, p. prs. Quit-claim (kwlt'klame), n. A release of claim by deed: — v. t., to release by quitclaim. Quite (kwlte), ad. Completely. Quit-rent (kwlt're^nt), n. Small rent reserved, the payment of which frees the tenant from other services. Quit-tance. See acquittance. *Quiv-er (kwlv'ur), n. A case for arrows: — v. i., to quake; to shiver. *Quix-ot-ic (kwfks-6t'lk), a. Ex- travagantly romantic. Quix-ot-ism (kwiksWizm), n. Ab- surdly romantic notions. Quiz (kwlz), v. t. To hoax; to puzzle or banter with questions ; to question upon the substance of a lecture delivered ; to cate- chise : — n., a hoax ; a sly, ban- tering question or person; an examination upon the subject of a lecture ; a puzzle. Quizzing, p. prs. Quiz'zed, p. prf. *Quiz-zi-cal (kwlz'ze^kal), a. Comical. Quod-li-bet (kw6d'le x bet), n. A subtlety. Q U0IP ' } S ee( COIF - QUOIF-FURE, j ( COIFFURE. Quoin (kwSln or kMn), n. A cor- ner; a corner-stone; a small wedge used by printers; a wedge for raising cannon. Quoit (kwdit), n. A metal ring or flat body to be pitched at a mark : — sometimes written coit. *Quon-dam (kw6n'dam), a. Hav- ing been formerly. *Quo-rum (kwd'rum), n. A bench of justices; a number sufficient to transact business. Quo-ta (kwo'ta), n. A proportion assigned ; a share. Quo-ta-ble (kwdWbl), a. Ad- mitting of quotation. Quo-ta-tion (kwd-ta'shun), n. The act of quoting, citation ; passage quoted, marked thus [ "" ] [190-16] :— see guil- lemets. Quote (kwote), v. t. To cite an author, or the words of another; to note the price of. [292-25.] Quo'ting, p. prs. Quoth (kw&th or kvtbth), v. t, [quoth or quod — defective^ To say; to speak. *Quo-tid-i-an (kw6-tld'e y an), n, A fever occurring every day. *Quo-tient (kwd'shent), n. The number resulting from the di- vision of one number by an- other. RAC RAD nor, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 511 — pSund — thin, this. RAG E(ar), n. The eighteenth letter and the thirteenth consonant is also a semi- vowel and a liquid. The name is written Ar, and the plural Ars. It is the abbrevia- tion of rood, Rex (King), Regina {Queen), and recipe (take of). R.A. commonly stand for Royal Academy or Royal Artillery, R.N. for Royal Navy, R.R. for railroad, and R.W. for Right Worthy or Right Worshipful. Rab-bet (rab'bit), v. t. To pare down pieces of wood so as to fit one another: — n., a joint made by paring two pieces so that they wrap over one another. *Rab-bi (rab'be or rab'bl), ) Rab-bin (rab'bin), J A doctor among the Jews; an expounder of Jewish law. [226.] [117-3.] *Rab-bin-i-cal (rab-bln'e x kal), a. Belonging to the Rabbins. Rab-bit (rah' bit), n. A small animal. *Rab-ble (rab'bl), n. A tumultu- ous crowd ; a mob. [211-22.] Rab-id (rab'id), a. Fierce, furious. Rab-id-ness (rab'ld x nes), n. Mad- ness; fierceness. *Ra-ca (ra'ka), n. A term of con- tempt ; a wretch. *Rac-coon (rak-k&6n'), n. An American animal. Race (rase), «. A family; gen- eration; particular breed; contest in running ; course ; an artificial water-course : — v. i., to run swift- ly : — v. U, to run in contest with. Ra'cing, p. pr8. Race-horse (rase'hdrse), n. A horse bred to run for prizes. *Rac-e-ma-tion ( N ras-e-ma'shun), n. A cluster, as of grapes or currants. Ra-cer (ra'sur), n. One that con tends in speed ; a runner. *Ra-chit-ic (ra-klt'lk), a. Dis- eased with rachitis or in the joints; rickety. *Ra-chi-tis (ra-kl'tls or ra-ke'tis), n. The rickets; inflammation of the spine. Ra-ci-ness (ra'se^nes), n. The quality of being racy. Rack (rak), n. An engine of tor- ture; torture; a wooden grate in which hay is put for cattle ; a spirituous liquor [258.]: — v. t., to torment ; to stretch ; to draw off from the lees : — v. i., to fly as clouds ; to amble. Rack-rent (rak'rent), n. Rent raised to the utmost. Rack-et (rak'kit), n. A clattering noise; an instrument for striking a ball ; a snow-shoe. *Rack-et-y (rak'klt^e), a. Noisy. Ra-cy (ra'se), a. [racier — raci- est.] Flavorous; spicy. Rad-dle (rad'dl), n. A stick used in hedging: — v. t., to twist to- gether. Rad'dling, p. prs. Ra-di-ance (ra'de'anse), ) *Ra-di-an-cy (ra'de x an-se), j Sparkling lustre ; brilliancy ; glare. Ra-di-ant (ra'de v ant), a. Brightly sparkling, shining.f Ra-di-ant-ly (ra'de x ant-le), ad. With sparkling brightness. Ra-di-ate (ra'de N ate), v. i. To emit rays ; to sparkle : — v. U } to emit as rays ; to enlighten. Ra'di x a-ting, p. prs. Ra-di-a-tion (Va-de-a'shun), n. Emission of rays; lustre. *Ra-di-a-tor (ra'de x a-tur), n. That which radiates. *Rad-i-cal (rad'e v kal), a. Primi- tive, original ; native ; pertaining to the root; thorough: — n., root of a word ; a political reformer. Rad-i-cal-ism (rad'e v kal-lzm), n. The doctrine of radical reform in government. Rad-i-cal-ly (rad'e x kal-le), ad. Originally, thoroughly. Rad-i-ca-tion (Vad-e-ka'shun), n. Act of planting deeply. Rad-i-cle (rad'e x kl), n. That part of the seed of a plant which be- comes its root. Rad-ish (rad'lsh), n. A garden- root. *Rad'ish x es, n. pi. *Ra-di-us (ra'de^us), n. The semi- diameter of a circle. *Ra-di-i (ra'de'i), | , Ra-di-us-es (ra'de^us-Ss), J n ' P C ' Ra-dix (ra'diks), n. The root. *Ra-di-ces (ra-di'seez), n. pi. Raff, n. A confused heap; the rabble, the mob. Raf-fle (raf'fl), v. i. To cast dice for a prize : — n., a species of game or lottery. Raf'fling, p. prs. Raft, n. A frame or float made by laying pieces of timber across each other: — v. t. f to transport on a raft. Raft-er (raft'ur), n. A timber supporting a roof. Rag, n. A torn piece of cloth; a tatter. Rag-a-muf-fin (Vag-a-muf fin), n. A mean fellow. Rage (raje), n. Violent anger, vehement fury [345] : — v. »*., to be heated with excessive anger. Ra'ging, p. prs. Rag-ged (rag'gld), a. Rent into tatters; uneven; broken. Rag-ged-ness (rag'gid x nes), r». State of being dressed in rags; unevenness. Ra-ging-ly (ra'jlng^e), ad. With vehement fury. Rag-man (rag'man), «. A man who deals in rags. Rag'men, n. pi. *Ra-gout (ra-go6'), n. Meat stewed and highly seasoned. Rag-wheel (rag'hweel), n. A wheel having cogs or notches. 415 RAK RAK Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, m6ve, RAN Rail (rile), n. A cross beam fixed at the ends in two upright posts; a bar of iron used on railroads : — v. L, to enclose with rails : — v. i,, to use insolent language; to scoff, [ap. p. — at.) Rail'ing, p.prs.: — w., a series of rails ; reproachful language. Ratl-er (rale'ur), n. A scoffer. *Rail-ler-y (ral'lurVe or rale'ur- v r£), n. Slight satire; jesting pleasantry; banter. [199-17.] Rail'ler^ies, n. pi. Rail-road (rale'rode), ) n. A road Rail-way (rale'wa), J on which rails are laid for wheels to run on. *Rai-ment (ra'ment), n. Dress, vesture, garments. Rain (rane), n. The moisture or water that falls from the clouds : — v. i., to fall in drops from the clouds : — v. t., to pour down. Rain-bow (rane'bd), n. The iris, a semicircle of various colors formed by the refraction and re- flection of the sun's rays. *Rain-gauge (rane'gaje), n. An instrument to receive and meas- ure the quantity of rain that falls. Rain-y (rane'e), a. [rainier — rainiest.] Showery, wet. Raise (raze), v. t. To elevate ; to exalt; to advance; to lift; to ex- cite ; to levy ; to cause to grow. Raising, p. pre. ypgM*' To raise is the causative verb of to rise. *Rais-er (raze'&r), n. One who raises. *Rai-sin (ra'zn), n. A dried grape. *Ra-jah (ra'ja), n. In India, a native prince. Rake, n. An instrument with teeth ; a loose, disorderly fellow : — v. t., to gather with a rake ; to search ; to fire on a ship in the direction of head and stern. Ra'king, p. pre. 416 Ra-kish (ra'kish), a. Loose, lewd. Ral-ly (ral'le), v. t. [prs. t. 3, rallies.] To put disordered forces into order ; to treat with satirical merriment; to banter; [94-26] [380-8] :— v. i., to come back to order; to recover; to jeer: — n., the act of collecting disordered troops ; a banter. Ral'lies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Ral'li-ed, p. prf. Ram, n. A male sheep ; an in strument to batter walls, or to raise water: — v. t., to drive with violence ; to stuff; to cram. Ram'ming, p. prs. Ram'med, p. prf. Ram-ble (ram'bl), v. i. To rove loosely; to range; to roam: — n., an irregular excursion. Ram'bling, p. prs. Ram-bler (raWblur), n. One who rambles. *Ram-i-fi-ca-tion (Vam-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. Division into branches ; a branch ; a subdivision. Ram-i-fy (ram'e x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, ramifies.] To separate into branches : — v. i., to be separated into branches. *Ram'i v fi-ed, p. prf. Ram-mer (ram'mur), n. An in- strument with which any thing is driven hard ; a ramrod. Ra-mose (ri'mfee), | a Blanch Ra-mous (ra/mus), J J Ramp, v. i. To frisk ; to climb as a plant : — n., leap, spring. Ram-pan-cy (ram'pan x se), n. Ex- cessive prevalence, exuberance. Ram-pant (ram'pant), a. Exu- berant; active, frisky, rearing. Ram-part (ram'part), n. The wall round fortified places. Ram-rod (ram'r6d), n. The rod or rammer of a gun. Ran, pst. t. of run. *Ran-che-ro (ran-tsha'r6), n. A Mexican peasant, or herdsman. Ran-che'ros, n. pi. Ranch (rantsh), \n. A small *Ran-cho (ran'tsh6), j farm; a hamlet. Ranches, ] 7 Ranch'oes, j n ' pc ' Ran-cid (ran'sld), a. Strong- scented. Ran-cid-ness (ran'sid^s), 1 *Ran-oid-i-ty (ran-sld'e x te), j Uf Strong scent ; mustiness. Ran-cor (rang'kdr), n. Inveterate malignity, bitter enmity. *Ran-cor-ous (rang'kur N us), a. Malignant; malicious. Ran-dom (ran'dum), n. Want of direction : — a., done by chance. Rang, pst. t. of ring. Range (ranje), n. A rank; a class; a row of things; distance to which shot are thrown; excur- sion ; room for excursion ; a cooking-apparatus [245-7] : — v.t., to place in order ; to rove over ; to move parallel with: — v. i., to rove at large ; to run or be par- allel. [56-14.] [223-6.] Ran'ging, p. prs. Rank (rangk), a. High-growing, luxuriant ; strong-scented : — n., a line of men placed abreast ; a row ; order, degree ; a class : — v. t. f to place abreast ; to range in any particular class : — v. i., to be placed abreast; to be ranged in a class. Rank-le (rangk'kl), v. i. To be- come inflamed; to fester. Rank'ling, p. prs. Rank-ly (rangk'le), ad. "With luxuriance, coarsely, grossly. Rank-ness (rangk'nes), n. Exu- berance ; a strong scent. Ran-sack (ran'sak), v. t. To plunder; to search narrowly. Ran-som (ran'sum), n. The price paid for redemption : — v. t., to free from captivity by purchase. Rant, v. i. To rave in high-sound- ing, empty language: — n., high- sounding, empty language. RAR RAT n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pSund — thin, this. RAT Rap, v. t. or v. t. [rapped or bapt — rapped or rapt.] To strike with a quick, smart blow : — »., a quick, smart blow. Rap'ping, p. prs. Ra-pa-cious (ra-pa'shus), a. Given to plunder, seizing by violence. RA-PA-cious-LY(ra-pa'shus^le),ad. In a rapacious manner. *Ra-pac-i-ty (ra-pas'seHe), n. Disposition to plunder; raven- ousness. [260-21.] Rap-id (rapid), a. Swift, quick. Rap'ids, n. pi. Swift currents in a river. Ra-pid-i-ty (ra-pld'eHe), n. Swift- ness, velocity. Ra-pid'i v ties, n. pi. Rap-id-ly (rap'lcTle), ad. Swiftly. *Ra-pi-er (ra'pe v ur), n. A small sword used only in thrusting. *Rap-ine (rap'ln), n. Plundering by violence. [18.] [260-20.] *Rap-pee (rap-pee'), n. A kind of snuff. Rap-per (rap'pur), n. One who or that which raps. *Rapt, pst. t. and p. prf. of rap: — a., transported with excitement. [136-22.] Rap-ture (rap'tshur), n. Trans- port, ecstasy. [164-21.] Rap-tur-ous (rap'tshuYus), a. Transporting, ravishing. Rare, a. Scarce; occurring sel- dom; excellent; not dense, sub- tle ; not fully cooked, raw. Rar-e-fac-tion (Var-e-fak'shun), n. Extension of the parts of a body ; act of rarefying. *Rar-e-fi-a-ble (rar'e-fi-a x bl), a. Capable of rarefaction. Rar-e-fy (rar'e'fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, rarifies.] To make thin by expansion : — v. i., to become thin by expansion : — opposed to condense. *Rar'e x fi-ed, p. prf. Rare-ly (rare'll), ad. Seldom; finely. 2B Rare-ness (rare'n^s), n. Un- commonness ; thinness. Ra-ri-ty (ra're x te or rar'eHe), n Rareness ; a thing valued for its scarcity ; value arising from scarcity. [57-23.] Ra'riVies, n. pi. Ras-cal (ras'kal), n. A dishonest person; a mean fellow. '••Ras-cal-i-ty (ras-kal'leHe), n. Dishonesty, villany. *Ras-call-ion (ras-kal'yun), n. One of the lowest people ; a mean wretch : — also written rascalion Ras-cal-ly (ras'kaHe), a. Mean; base; dishonest. Rase. See raze. Rash, n. A cutaneous disease : — a., hasty, violent. [282-18.] Rash'es, n. pi. Rash-er (rash'ur), a. com. : — n., a thin slice of bacon. Rash-ly (rash'le), ad. Without thought; hastily, precipitately. Rash-ness (rasVn^s), n. Foolish contempt of danger ; thoughtless haste. [382-13.] Rasp, n. A rough file : — v. t., to rub with a rasp. Rasp-ber-ry (raz'berYe or ras'- beVre), n. A plant and its fruit. *Rasp'ber x ries, n. pi. *Ra-sure (ra/zhtir), n. Erasure. Rat, n. An animal; one who works for less than trade prices : — v. i., to desert a falling party ; to work for less than trade prices. Rat'ting, p. prs. Rat'ted,^. prf. Ra-ta-ble (ra ; ta x bl), a. Possible to be set at a certain rate. *Rat-an (rat-an'), n. An Indian cane. Ratch-et (ratsh'e't), n. A small tooth in clockwork. Rate, n. Price fixed; quantity assignable; tax imposed: — v. t., to estimate ; to value ; to chide hastily : — v. i., to be classed. Ra'ting, p. prs. RATH-ER(raTH , urorraTH / ur)« d.com. More willingly ; in preference. ^j^* Rath the positive and rathest the superlative of rather are now obsolete. *Rat-i-fi-ca-tion (Vat-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. Confirmation. *Rat-i-fi-er (rat'e N fi-ur), n. One who confirms. Rat-i-fy (rat'e v fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, ratifies.] To confirm; to sanc- tion ; to settle. *Rat'i n fi-ed, p. prf. Ra-ti-o (ra'sh^o), n. The measure of the relation which one quan- tity bears to another of the same kind ; the number of times that one quantity contains another regarded as a standard: — see proportion. [57-9.] *Ra-ti-os (ra'she v dze), n. pi. *Ra-ti-o-ci-na-tion (Vash-e r 6s-e- na'shun), n. The act of reasoning. Ra-tion (ra'shun), n. An allow- ance of provisions for a day. Ra-tion-al (rash'un x al), a. Agree- able to reason ; reasonable ; en- dowed with reason. [282-6.] *R a-tion-a-le (^ra-shun-a'le o/ra- shun-a'le),n. A detail with reason. Ra-tion-al-ism (rash'un v al-izm), n. In Religion, adherence to reason only; neology. Ra-tion-al-ist (rash 'un v al -1st), n. In Religion, one who adheres to reason only. *Ra-ti-o-nal-i-ty ( v rash-e-d-nal'- le x te), n. The power of reasoning. Ra-tion-al-ly (rash'un v al-le), ad. Reasonably, with reason. Rats-bane (rats'bane), n. Arsenic. *Rat-teen (rat-teen'), n. A kind of woollen stuff. Rat-tle (rat'tl), v. i. To make a quick, sharp noise ; to talk rap idly : — v. t., to cause to rattle : — n., a sharp noise rapidly re- peated ; an instrument for ma- king a clattering noise; rapid and empty talk. 417 RAW REA Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, met — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, REA Rat'tling, p. prs. Rat-tle-He ad-ed (r4t'tPh£d-£d), a. Giddy, noisy. Rat-tle-snake (rat'tPsnake), n. A venomous serpent, having a tail which terminates in a rattle, *RAU-ci-TY(ra'se v te),w.Hoarseness. Rav-age (rav'lje), n. Devasta- tion, spoil, waste : — v. t, } to lay waste ; to pillage. Ravaging, p. prs. Rave, v. i. To be delirious ; to rage [20] : — n., the upper side- piece of a cart. Ra'ving, p. prs. Rav-el (rav'vl), v. t. To entan gle; to unweave; to make intri- cate : — v. %., to be entangled ; to be unwoven. Rav'ei/ing, ) / *Rav'ei/ling, \P'2> r8 - Rav'el-ed, I j, *Rav'ell-ed, \P'P r f' *Rave-lin (rav'lln), n. In Forti fication, a half- moon. *Ra-ven (ra'vn), n. A bird. *Rav-en (rav'vn), v. t. or v. i. To devour with great eagerness : — n., prey ; rapine ; plunder. Rav-en-ous (rav'vn^tis), a. Vo- racious, greedy. [74-1.] [368-23.] Rav-en-ous-ly (rav'vn'us-le), ad. With raging voracity. [221.] Rav-en-ous-ness (rav'vn N ds-n^s), n. Furious voracity. Rav'in. See rav-en. *Ra-vine (ra-veen), n. A deep hollow passage between mount- ains ,• a gorge. Rav-ish (ravish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, ravishes.] To take away by violence; to delight, to transport. Rav-ish-ment (rav'ish x ment), n. Rapture. Raw, a. Uncooked ; not subdued by fire ; bleak, chill ; immature ; not tanned. Raw-bon-ed (raw'bond), a. Hav- ing bones scarcely covered with flesh. 418 Raw-head (raw'hed), n. A spectre. Raw-ly (raw'le), ad. Unskilfully Raw-ness (raw'nls), n. State of being raw. Ray (ra), n. A beam of light; a fish : — v. t., to shoot forth ; to streak. Ray-less (ra'le's), a. Dark. *RAze, v. t. To overthrow; to destroy ; to efface ; to abolish ; to extirpate : — sometimes writ- ten RASE. Ra'zing, p. prs. *Ra-zee (ra-zee'), n. A ship of war cut down to a smaller size : — v. t., to cut down, as ships. *Ra-zor (ra'zur), n. An instru- for shaving. The prefix re commonly means back or again, as in recall, readmit ; it sometimes means against, as in resist. It has not been deemed judi- cious to insert in this work many words compounded with re, which are self-explaining and of simple orthography. Reach (reetsh), v. t. To touch with the hand extended; to ar- rive at; to stretch; to extend; to penetrate to : — v. i., to be ex- tended: — see retch: — n., act of reaching by extension of the hand ; power ; contrivance ; ex- tent ; limit. *Reach'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Re-act (re-akf), v. t. To return the impression ; to act against ; to resist : — v. i., to act again. Re-ac-tion (re-ak'shun), n. Re- ciprocation of an impulse ; coun- teraction. Re-ac-tive (re-ak'tlv), a. Acting back. Read (reed), v. t. [read (red) — read (rftd).] To peruse; to discover ; to recite : — v. i. t to peruse books. Read'ing, p. prs. : — n., study ; pe- rusal of books ; a lecture. *Read-a-ble (reed'a^bl), a. Legi- ble; interesting to readers. READ-ER(reed / ur),n.One who reads. Read-er-ship (reed'uVshlp), n. The office of reading prayers. Read-i-ly (rgd'e x le), ad. Cheer- fully; promptly; quickly. *Read-i-ness (rld'eWs), n. Quick- ness, promptitude ; cheerfulness. RE-AD-Mis-siON(Ye-ad-mish'tln),M. The act of admitting again. Re-ad-mit (Ve-ad-mif), v. U To let in again. n Re-ad-mit'ting, p. prs. v Re-AD-mit'ted, p. prf. *Re-ad-mit-tance (Ye-ad-mit'- tanse), n. Allowance to re-enter. *Read-y (red'de), a. [readier-^- readiest.] Prompt; prepared; willing; near at hand. *Re-af-firm-ance fre-af-ferm'- anse), n. Second affirmation. Re-a-gent (re-a'jent), n. A chem- ical test. Re-al (re'al), a. True, genuine ; actual [171-20] : — n M a Spanish coin valued at 10 or 12£ cents. Re-al-i-ty (re-al'le x te), n. Truth, fact; certainty. *Re-al'i n ties, n. pi. Re-al-i-za-ble (re'ari-za y bl), a. Possible to be realized. Re-al-i-za-tion (Ye-al-e-za'shun), n. The act of realizing. Re-al-ize (reprize), v. t. To bring into being or act; to make real; to fulfil. [143-21.] [383-10.] Re'alY-zing, p. prs. Re-al-ly (re'aPle), ad. With ac- tual existence ; truly ; in truth. *-Realm (relm), n. A kingdom; an empire. [58-28.] Ream (reem), n. Twenty quires of paper. RE-AN-i-MATE(re-an / e x mate),v.^. To revive, to restore to life. [97-33.] Re-an'i x ma-ting, p. prs. Re-an-nex (Ve-an-neks'), v. U [prs. t. 3, reannexes.] To an- nex again. REA REB nor, n&t>-tube, tub, bill— 611- -pSund — thin, THis. REG Reap (reep), v. t. To cut grain ; to gather ; to obtain as a reward : — v. i., to cut grain. Reap-er (reep'ur), n. One who reaps. Re-ap-pear ( v re-ap-peer'), v. i. To appear again. Re-ap-pear-ance (Ve-ap-peer'- anse), n. The act of appearing again. Re-ap-point ( x re-ap-p6inf), v. t. To appoint again. Re-ap-point-ment (Ve-ap-pdlnf- nient), n. A second or renewed appointment. Rear (reer), n. The hinder troop of an army ; the last class ; the last in order: — v. t., to raise up; to educate; to rouse; to exalt [38-4] : — v. i., to rise upon the hind legs, as a horse. [108-32.] Rear-Ad-mi-ral (reer-ad'me N ral), n. An admiral of the third rank. *Rear-GtUARD (reer'gard), n. The part of an army which marches in the rear. Rear-Rank (reer'rank), n. The last rank of a battalion. Rear-ward (reer'ward), n. The last troop; the latter part; the end : — also written rereward. Re-as-cend (Ve-as-send'), v. t. or v. i. To mount again. *RE-AS-CEN-siGN(Ve-as-sen'shun), n. The act of remounting. Rea-son (re'zn), n. Cause; prin- Iciple ; the faculty of distinguish- ing truth from falsehood; right; argument ; motive ; moderation [112]: — v.i.orv. t.,to argue ration- ally ; to debate ; to persuade. Rea'son^ing, p. prs. : — »., argu- mentation. Rea-son-a-ble (re'zn'a-bl), a. Having the faculty of reason ; agreeable to reason ; rational ; fair. Rea-son-a-ble-ness (re'zn r a-bl- v nes), it. Agreeableness to reason; moderation. Rea-son-a-bly (re'zn r a-ble), ad. Agreeably to reason. Rea-son-er (re'znMr), n. One who reasons. Re-as-sem-ble (Ve-as-sem'bl), v. t. or v. i. To collect anew. v Re-as-sem'bling, p. prs. Re-as-sert (Ve-as-surt'), v. t. To assert again. Re-as-ser-tion ( v re-as-sur'shun), n. A repeated assertion. *Re-as-sign (Ve-as-slne'), v. t. To assign again. Re-as-sume (Ve-as-sume'), v. t. To resume. ^Re-as-su'ming, p. prs. *Re-as-su-rance fr&-ash-shu'- ranse), n. An assurance repeated. Re-as-sure (Ve-ash-shure'),t;. t. To free from fear; to assure again. n Re-as-su'ring, p. prs. Re-bap-tize (Ve-bap-tlze'), v. t. To baptize again. ^Re-bap-ti'zing, p. prs. Re-bate (re-bate'), v. t. To blunt ; to abate : — n., a groove or chan- nel in the edge of a board. Re-ba'ting, p. prs. Re-bate-mext (re-bate'ment), n. A diminution ; a deduction. *Re-bec (re'bek), n. A three- stringed fiddle. Reb-el (reb'el), n. One who op- poses lawful authority; an in- surgent: — a., rebellious; resist- ing authority. Re-bel (re-bel'), v. i. To rise in opposition to lawful authority. Re-bel'ling, p. prs. Re-bell/ed, p. prf. Re-bell-ion (re-bel'yun), n. Re- sistance to lawful authority. [105-5.] Re-bell-ious (re-bel'yus), a. Re- sisting lawful authority. *Re-bell-ious-ly (re-bel'yi\s N le), ad. With rebellion. Re-bound (re-bdund'), v. i. or v. t. To spring back ; to recoil : — n., the act of flying back ; recoil. Re-buff (re-buf ), n. Quick and sudden resistance; sudden check: — v. t., to beat back ; to repel. *Re-build (re-blld'), v. t. [re- built — rebuilt.] Tore-edify; to repair ; to build anew. Re-buke (re-buke'), v. t. To chide; to check: — n., reprehen- sion, chiding expression. [15-23.] [379-26.] Re-bu'king, p. prs. Re-bus (re'bus), n. An enigmati- cal representation of a name; e.g., a pear represented by pla- cing the letter p before a picture of an ear. *Re 'busies, n. pi. Re-but (re-btit'), v. t. To drive back ; to repel by argument. Re-but'ting, p. pr8. Re-but'ted, p. prf. Re-call (re-kawl'), v. t. To call back ; to revoke : — n., revoca- tion; a calling back. [126-16.] Re-cant (re-kanf), v. t. or v. i. To retract; to recall; to renounce. Rec-ant-a-tion (Vek-ant-a'shun), n. Retraction. Re-ca-pit-u-late (Ve-ka-pltsh'u- "late), v. t. To repeat again dis- tinctly; to reiterate. * v Re-ca-pit'u n la-ting, p. prs. Re-ca-pit-u-la-tion (Ve-ka x pitsh- u-la'shun), n. Repetition. Re-cap-tion (re-kap'shiin), n. Act of retaking; a reprisal. Re-cap-ture (re-kap'tshiir), v. U To retake, as a prize. Re-cap'tu n ring, p. prs. Re-cast (re-kasf), v. t. [recast — recast.] To cast again. Re-cede (re-sede'), v. i. To fall back ; to retreat ; to desist [35-18] : — v. t. y to cede back to a former owner. *Re-ce'ding, p. prs. Re-ceipt (r£-seet'), n. The act of receiving; a note by which money is acknowledged to have been received ; a recipe. 419 REC REC Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, REC Re-ceiv-a-ble (re-seev'a N bl), a, Capable of being received. Re-ceive (re-s&ev'), v. t. To take: to admit; to accept. *Re-ceiv'ing, p. prs. Re-ceiv-er (re-seev'&r), n. One who receives. *Re-cen-cy (re'seVse 1 ), n. New- ness ; state of being recent. *Re-cen-sion (re-seVshtin), n. An enumeration; review. Re-cent (re'sent), a. New; late; fresh. [236-1.] Re-cent-ly (re'sentfle), ad. Newly, lately, freshly. [57-38.] RE-CENT-NESs(re / se ; nt x nes),n.New- ness, freshness. *Re-cep-ta-cle (re-sep'ta^kl), n. A vessel or place into which any thing is received. [126-29.] [180-26.] *RE-CEP-Ti-BiL-i-TY(re v s§p-te-bir- le^), n. State of being receiv- able. Re-cep-tion (re-sep'shun), n. The act of receiving, manner of being received. [127-30.] Re-cep-tive (re-sep'tiv), a. Hav- ing the quality of admitting; disposed to receive. Re-cess (re-ses'), n. Retirement ; retreat; suspension of business: privacy; a niche; time for re- laxation. [95-11.] Re-cess'es, n. pi. Re-ces-sion (re-sesh'un), n. Act of retreating or withdrawing. Re-charge (re-tsharje'), v. t. To charge or attack anew. Re-char'ging, p. prs. Re-char-ter (re-tshar'tur), v. t. To charter again. Re-choose (re-tsh66ze'),v. t. [re- chose — rechosen.] To choose again. Re-choos'ing, p. prs, *Rec-i-pe (res'se^pe), n. A medi- cal prescription. #Re-cip-i-en-cy (re-sip'e^n-se), n. Act of receiving. 420 *Re-cip-i-ent (r^-sip'e^nt), n. A receiver. Re-cip-ro-cal (re-sip 'r6 r kal), a. Acting in return ; alternate ; mu- tual [342-24] : — n., the quotient resulting from the division of unity by any number. ^^** Affection is mutual when both parties fall in love at once; it is reciprocal when the previous affection of the one has drawn forth the at- tachment of the other. RE-ciP-RO-cAL-LY(re-slpWkal-l£), ad. In an alternate manner; mutually, interchangeably. Re-cip-ro-cate (re-slp'ro N kate), v. i. To alternate ; to act mu- tually : — v. t., to exchange mutu- ally ; to interchange. Re-cip'ro^ca-ting, p. prs. Re-cip-ro-ca-tion (r^sip-r6-ka' shun), n. Action interchanged ; interchange ; alternation. *Rec-i-pro-ci-ty (Ves-se-pr&s'se- N te), n. A mutual return; re- ciprocal obligation. Re-ci-tal (re-sl'tal), \ Rec-i-ta-tion (VeVse-ta'shun), J n. A repetition, rehearsal; nar- ration ; account. [256.] "*Rec-i-ta-tive ( v res-se-ta-teev'), Rec-i-ta-tiv-o (VeVse-ta-teev'6), n. A kind of tuneful pronuncia- tion ; a chant. x Rec-i-ta-tiv'oes, n. pi. Re-cite (re-site'), v. t. or v. i. To tell over; to rehearse; to repeat. Re-ci'ting, p. prs. Reck-less (rlk'le's), a. Heedless, careless ; without regard. Reck-less-ness (reVleVne's), n. Carelessness, heedlessness. Reck-on (rek'kn), v. t. or v. i. To compute; to number; to form an estimate ; to esteem, {ap. p. — on, upon, with.) Reck'on x ing, p. prs. : — »., com- putation ; money charged by a host; estimated place of a ship. Reck-on-er (rek'knNir), n. One who or that which computes. Re-claim (re-klame'), v. t. To reform ; to tame ; to recover ; to restore. [225-21.] Re-claim-a-ble (re-klame'a N bl), a. Admitting of reclamation. *Re-claim-ant (re-klaine'ant), n. One who reclaims. Rec-la-m a-tion (Ve'k -la-ma' shun ), n. Recovery; demand. *Rec-li-nate (rek'le x nlt), a. Bent downward. Rec-li-na-tion ( v rek-le-na'shun), n. The act of reclining. Re-cline (re-kllne'), v. t. To lean back or sidewise: — v. i., to re- pose, {ap. p. — on, upon.) Re-cli'ning, p. prs. Re-close (re-kl6ze'), v. t. To close again. Re-clo'sing, p. prs. Re-cluse (re-kluse'), a. Shut up or retired; solitary: — n., el per- son shut up or retired. Re-clu-sion (re-klu'zhun), n. Retirement. Re-clu-sive (re-klu'siv), a. Af- fording retirement. Rec-og-ni-tion (Vek-6g-nish'un), n. An acknowledgment; an avowal ; act of recognizing.f *Rec-og-niz-a-ble (r^k'6g'niz-a- x bl or rek'6 v nlz-a v bl — re-k6g'rie« v za-bl or re-k6n'ne x za-bl), a. Ca- pable of being recognized. *RE-coG-Ni-SANCE(re-k6g / ne x zanse or re-k&n'e x zanse), n. A bond of record; a badge. Rec-og-nize (rek'6g x nlze or rek'- 6n x ize), v. t. To acknowledge ; to review; to know a second time. [116-19.] [266-4.] *'Rec'og v ni-zing, p. prs. Re-cog-ni-zee (re^k6g-ne-zee' or re x k6n-e-zee'), n. One in whose favor a recognisance is made. ^"Re-cog-ni-zor (re x k6g-ne-z6r' or re x k6n-e-zdr'), n. One who gives a recognizance. EEC REC nor, n6t — tube, tub, bull— Ml — pound — thin, THis. EEC Rec-og-ni-tion ( x rek-6g-nlsh'un), n. Acknowledgment^ Re-coil (re-k6il'), v. i. To rush back,- to shrink; to rebound [38-17] : — w., movement back- ward; rebound. Re-coin-age (re-kdinlje), n. The act of coining anew. Re-col-lect ( v re-k61-lekt'), v. U To collect anew. Rec-ol-lect ( v rek-61-lekf), v. t. To combine remembrances; to remember. REC-OL-LEc-TioN( x rek-&l-lek'shun) n. Act of combining remem- brances; remembrance. [67-25.] j£^t~ Reminiscence is the act of recovering, and recollec- tion the act of combining, re- membrances. Recollection implies action of the will, remembrance does not. Rec-ol-lec-tive (Vek-61-lek'tlv), a. Having power, or causing, to recollect. Rec-om-mend (Vek-6m-mend / ), v. t. To praise to another; to make acceptable ; to commit with prayers. [173-12.] Rec-om-mend-a-ble (Vek-&m- mend'a v bl), a. Worthy of praise. Rec-om-mend-a-tion (Vek-&m- inSnd-a'shun), n. The act of recommending; commendation. *Rec-om-mend-a-tor-y ( v rek-6m- niend'a x tur-re), a. Conveying praise; laudatory. Re-com-mit ( > re-k6m-mlf), v. t. To commit anew. * v Re-com-mit'ting, p. prs. v Re-com-mit'ted, p.prf. *Re-com-mit-ment (Ve-k&in-mlt'- ment), n. Recommittal. *RE-coM-MiT-TAL(Ve-k6m-mlt'tal), n. A second commitment. Rec-om-pense (rek^m^pense), v. t. To pay back an equivalent; to repay; to requite: — n., equiva- lent, compensation; reward. *Rec'om n pen-sing, p. prs. Rec-on-cile (rek'6n N slle), v. t. To compose differences; to make a thing consistent; to restore to favor; to adjust, (ap. p. — a per- son to ; a thing with.) [342-25.] *Rec'on x ci-ling, p. prs. *Rec-on-cil-a-ble (Vek-6n-slle'a- v bl), a. Capable of reconciliation; consistent. Rec-on-cil-a-ble-ness (Vek-6n- sile'a x bl-nes), n. Possibility to be reconciled ; consistency. Rec-on-cile-ment (rek'6n N slle- ment), n. Reconciliation. Rec-on-cil-i-a-tion ( x rek-6n x sll-e- a'shun), n. Renewal of friend- ship ; adjustment; the act of reconciling.f Rec-on-cil-i-a-tor-y (Vek-6n- sil'e'a-tur-re), a. Tending to reconcile. *Rec-on-dite (rek'6n v dlte), a. Secret, abstruse, hidden. Re-con-duct (Ye-k&n-diikt'), v. t. To conduct again. *Re-con-nois-sance (re-k6n'n!s- v sanse), n. Act of reconnoitring. Re-con-noi-ter ) (Ve-k&n- *Re-con-noi-tre J nde'tur), v. t. To examine; to survey. [376-20.] v Re-con-noi'ter x ing, ) * n Re-con-noi'tring, J P' P r8 ^Re-con-noi'ter-ed, I m * x Re-con-noi'tred, j P'W' Re-con-quer (re-kSngk'ur), v. t. To conquer again. Re-con-sid-er ( x re-k6n-sld'ur), v. t. To consider again. Re-con-sid-er-a-tion ( x re-k&n x sld- ur-a'shun), n. Act of recon- sidering. Re-con-struct ( x re-k&n-strukf), v. t. To construct again. Re-con- vey ( x re-k6n-va'), v. t. To convey back again. Re-con-vey-ance ( x re-k6n-va'- anse), ». A conveying back. Rec-ord (rek'drd), n. A register, authentic memorial. [270-1.] 36 Re-cord (re-k6rd')> v. t. To cele- brate; to register. Re-cord-er (re-kord'ur), n. A judicial officer; one who regis- ters events, wills, v. t. To relate in detail ; to narrate ; to recite. [18-15.] *Re-course (re-k6rse'), n. Ap- plication as for help or protec- tion; access; return. [100-17.] Re-cov-er (re-kuv'ur), v. t. To restore from sickness ; to regain ; to get again: — v. i., to regain health or a former condition ; in Law, to obtain a judgment, {ap. p.—ixom.) [111-22.] [257-9.] Re-cov-er-a-ble (re-kuv'ur-a-bl), a. Possible to be restored. Re-cov-er-y (re-kuvVurVe), n. Restoration from sickness ; act of regaining. [212-20.] Re-cov'er^es, n. pi. *R ec-re-ant (rek're x ant), a. False ; cowardly ; apostate. *Re-cre-ate ( x re-kre-ate'), v. t. To create anew. x Re-cre-a'ting, p. prs. *Rec-re-ate (rlk're'ate), v. t. To refresh; to amuse ; to divert: — v. i.' f to take recreation. *Rec're x a-ting, p. prs. *RE-CRE-A-TiON( x re-kre-a'shi\n),». A creating anew. *REC-RE-A-TiON(Vek-re-a'shun),?i. Amusement; refreshment. Rec-re-a-tive (rek're x a-tlv), a. Refreshing, amusing. Rec-re-ment (rek're x ment), n. Dross ; spume ; useless matter. Re-crim-i-nate (re-krlm'^nate), v. i. To return one accusation with another ; to accuse the accuser. Re-crimVna-ting, p. prs. Re-crim-i-na-tion (re'krlm-e-na'- shun), n. Return of one accu- sation with another. f 421 REC RED Fate, far, fill, fit — me, mSt — pine, pin- -116, m6ve, RED Re-crim-i-na-tive (r&-krim'e'na. tlv), a. Retorting an accusation, Re-cruit (re-kr66f), v. t. To re- pair ; to supply : — v. i., to raise new soldiers ; to receive new strength : — n., a supply of any thing wasted ; a new soldier for land or sea service. [200-28.] Rec-tan-gle (rSk'tang^gl), n, A right-angled parallelogram. REC-TAN-Gu-LAR(re : k-tang'gu x lar). a. Right-angled. Rec-ti-fi-a-ble (r^k'teYl-a^bl), a. Capable of being set right. Rec-ti-pi-ca-tion (VSk-te-f^-ka'- shun), n. Act of rectifying. *Rec-ti-fi-er (rek'te'fi-ur), n. One who rectifies. Rec-ti-fy (rek'te^fi), v. U [prs. t. 3, rectifies.] To make right ; to amend; to improve by re- peated distillation. [185-23.] Rec'ti v fi-ed, p. prf. Rec-ti-lin-e-al Or£k-te-lin'e N al), Rec-ti-lin-e-ar Orek-te-lin'e x &r), a. Consisting of one or more right lines ; bounded by right lines. *Rec-ti-tude (reVt6Hu.de), n. Up- rightness ; justice; state of being right. [243-17.] *Rec-tor (rSk'ttir), n. A ruler; parson of a parish ; the head of a seminary or religious house. *Rec-tor-ate (rek'turlt), n. The ofiice of a rector. Rec-to-ri-al (rSk-t6Wal), a. Be- longing to a rector, [of a rector. REC-TOR-SHip(reVtur N ship)n.Ofnce Rec-tor-y (r£k'tuYre), n. A parish church or living ; a rector's house. Rec'tor v ies, n. pi. *Re-cum-ben-cy (re-kum'ben^se), n. The posture of leaning ; rest. Re-cum-bent (re-kum'b^nt), n. Lying, leaning, reposing. Re-cu-per-ate (re-ku/peVate), v. t. To recover ; to regain. Re-cu'per n a-ting, p. prs. RE-cu-PER-A-nvE^e-ku'peVa-tiv) a. Restoring. 422 Re-cur (re-kur'), v. i. To come back to the thought ; to happen again ; to return. [339.] *Re-cur'ring, p. prs. Re-cur'red, p. prf. *Re-cur-rence (re-kur'rense), n. Return; a coming again. [350.] Re-cur-rent (re-kur'rent), a. Re- turning from time to time. Re-cur-va-tion (Ve-kur-va'shun), Re-cur-vi-ty (re-kur'veHej, n. Flexure backwards. Re-cur'vi^ties, n. pi. *Re-cu-san-cy (re-ku/zan^se 1 or reVt^zan-se), n. Nonconformity, Re-cu'san v sies, n. pi. *Re-cu-sant (re-kti'zant or reVu- N zant), n. One who does not conform : — a., refusing to con form. Red, a. [redder — reddest.] Of the color of blood: — n., one of the primitive colors. *Re-dan (re-dan'), n. In Fortifica- tion, a rampart formed thus [A]. Red-breast (red'brSst), n, A small bird. Red-den (red'dn), v. t. To make red: — v.i., to grow red; to blush. Red-dish (red'dish), a. Some- what red. Red-dish-ness (re i d'dish > ne i s), n. Tendency to redness. *RED-Di-TiON(red-dish'un), n. Res- titution; surrender. Re-deem (re-deem'), v. t. To ransom ; to rescue ; to fulfil, as a promise. Re-deem-a-ble (re-deem'a v bl), a. Capable of redemption. Re-deem-er (re-deeurur), n. Our Saviour; one who redeems.| Re-de-liv-er (Ve-de-llv'ur), v. t. To deliver back or again. Re-de-liv-er-y (Ye-de-liv'ur x re), n. The act of delivering back. ^Re-de-liv'erHes, n. pi. Re-demp-tion (re-de'm'shun), n. The deliverance of sinners by Christ ; ransom, release. Re-demp-tive (re-dem'tlv), a. Redeeming. *Re-demp-tor-y (re-de 5 m'turYe), a. Paid for ransoming. Red-Hot (red'hot), a. Heated to redness. Re-din-te-grate (re-dln'te^grate), v. t. To restore ; to renew. Re-din'te^gra-ting, p. prs. *Re-din-te-gra-tion (reMin-te- gra'shun), n. Restoration ; ren- ovation. Red-ness (rM'ne's), n. The quality of being red. Red-o-lence (r^d^lense), ") *Red-o-len-cy (rM'dMen-se), J n Sweet scent, fragrance. Red-o-lent (rM^Ient), a. Sweet of scent, fragrant. Re-doub-le (re-dub'bl), v. U To repeat often : — v. i., to become twice as much. *Re-doub'ling, p. prs. Re-doubt (re-d6uf), n. An out- work of a fortification, a fortress. *Re-doubt-a-ble (re-d6ut'a^bl), a. Formidable; terrible. [366-17.] Re-dound (re-ddiind'), v. i. To be sent back by reaction; to contribute ; to result. Re-dress (r&-dreV), n. Relief; remedy for wrong [155-8] [260]: — v. t. f to set right ; to relieve. Re-dress'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Re-dress'ing, p. prs. Re-dress-ive (re-dreYsiv), a. Tending to redress. Re-duce (re-duse'), v. t. To make less; to diminish in size; to de- grade ; to bring into a class ; to subdue; to change the denomi- nation of. (ap. p. — to, under.) Re-du'cing, p. prs. Re-du-cent (re-du'sent), a. Ten- ding to reduce. Re-du-ci-ble (re-du's^bl), a. Possible to be reduced. Re-duc-tion (re-duk'shun), n. The act of reducing, conquest, change of denomination, (up. p. — of. J REE REF n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pMnd — thin, this. REF Re-duc-tive (re-duk'tiv), a. Hav- ing the power of reducing. Re-dun-dance (re-dun'danse), ) *Re-dun-dan-cy (re-dun'dan^) j n. Superfluity, excess. Re-dun'dan x cies, n. pi. *Re-dun-dant (re-dun'dant), a. Exuberant, superfluous, using more words or images than are necessary. Re-du-pli-cate (re'-du'ple^kate), v. t. To double. Re-du'pli x ca-ting, p. pre. Re-du-pli-ca-tion (re v du-ple-ka'~ shun), n. The act of doubling. Re-Ech-o (re^k'kft), v. i. or v. U To echo back [156-4] : — w v the return or echo of an echo. *Re-Ech'oes, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Reed, n. A hollow stalk ; a small pipe ; an arrow ; part of a loom. *Reed-en (reed'en), a. Consisting of reeds. Reed-y (re&d'e"), a. [reedier — reediest.] Abounding with reeds. Reef, n. A chain of rocks near the surface of the water ; the fold of a sail [56-12] :— v. L, to take in or fold up, as a sail. Reek, n. Smoke, steam : — v. i., to smoke; to steam. Reek-y (reek'e), a. [reekier — reekiest.] Smoky,- foul. Reel, n. A frame upon which yarn is wound ; a dance : — v. t., to gather yarn from the spindle : — v. %., to stagger ; to whirl. jRe-E-lect fre-e-lSkt'), v. t. To elect again. Re-E-lec-tion (Ve-e-leli'shun), n. Repeated election. *Re-El-i-gi-ble (re-el'e N je-bl), a. Qualified to be re-elected. Re-Em-bark (Ve-e'm-bark'), v. t. or v. i. To embark again. Re-En-act (Ve-Sn-akf), v. U To enact anew. Re-En-force ( v r^-Sn-f6rse'), v. t To strengthen with additional assistance. * v Re-En-for'cing, p. pre. Re-En-force-ment ( x re-§n-f6rse'~ m^nt), n. Fresh assistance; ad- ditional aid or force. Re-En-list (Ve-en-lfsf), v. t. To enlist a second time. Re-En-ter (re-eVtur), v. t. To enter again. Re-En-trance (r^-eVtranse), n. Act of entering again. Re-Es-tab-lish ( v re-§s-taVl!sh), V. t. [prs. t. 3, RE-ESTABLISH- ES.] To establish anew. Re-Es-tab-lish-ment (^-eVtaV- lish x me ! nt), n. The act of re- establishing. Re-Ex-am-in-a-tion (Ve^gz^am- &-na r shun), n. A second exam- ination. Re-Ex-am-ine f re'-e'gz-am'in), v. t. To examine anew. ^Re-Ex-amWing, p. prs. Re-Ex-port ( v re-^ks-p6rt'), v > *• To export imports. Re-fash-ion (re-fash'un), v. t. To fashion anew. Re-fec-tion (re-f^k'shun), n. Re- freshment after hunger or fa- tigue. Re-fec-tor-y (r^-feVturVe), n. A room for refreshment or meals. *Re-fec'tor n ies, n. pi. Re-fer (re-feV), v. t. To dismiss for information or judgment ; to send back for explanation : — v. i., to have relation or recourse; to appeal; to allude, (ap. p. — to.) [83-38.] *Re-fer'ring, p. prs. Re-fer'red, p. prf. *Ref-er-a-ble (rSf ur^a-bl), ) Re-fer-ri-ble (re-feVre N bl), J °" Admitting to be referred. *Ref-er-ee (Ve'f-e'r-e^'), n. One to whom a thing is referred. Ref-er-ence (reTer N ense), n. Re- lation, allusion to ; dismission to another tribunal ; arbitration. {ap. p.— to.) [316.] Re-fer-ri-ble. See referable. Re-fine (re-fine'), v. t. or v. i. To clear from dross; to purify; to polish ; to make elegant. [330.] Re-fin'ing, p. prs. Re-fin-ed-ly (re-fineWle), ad. With refinement. Re-fine-ment (re-fine'me ! nt), n. The act of purifying; improve- ment; affectation of elegance; purity of taste or heart ; elegance; subtilty. [96-5.] [236-10.] Re-fin-er (r^-fln'ur), n. One who refines. Re-fin-er-y (re-fln'urYS), n. A place for refining. Re-fin'er x ies, n. pi. Re-fit (re-fif), v. t. To restore after injury ; to repair. Re-fit'ting, p. prs. Re-fit'ted, p. prf. Re-flect (re-fle'kt'), v. t. To throw back : — v. %., to throw reproach ; to ponder; to consider, (ap. p. —on, upon.) [79-9.] [177-26.] Re-flec-tion (re-fl^k'shun), n. The act of throwing back; that which is reflected ; thought on the past, consideration ; censure. [68-9.] [72-13.] Re-flect-ive (re-flekt'iv), a. Con- sidering things past ; reflecting. *Re-flect-or (re-fl£kt'ur), n. One who or that which reflects. Re-flex (re'fle'ks), a. Directed backward ; bent back. Re-flex-i-bil-i-ty (re x fl§ks-e-biK- leHe), n. The quality of being reflexible. *Re-flex-i-ble (r^-fle'ksTbl), a. Capable of being thrown back. Re-flex-ive (re-fl&ks'lv), a. Hav- ing respect to something past. Re-flour-ish (re-flur'rish), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, reflourishes.] To flourish anew. Ref-lu-ence (re'fWe'nse), ") Ref-lu-en-cy (r&flu^n-se), J n ' State of flowing back. Ref-lu-ent (refluent), a. Flow- ing back. 423 REE REP Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, REG Re-flux (re'fluks), n. Backward course of a fluid ; a flowing back. Re'flux x es, n. pi. Re-form (re-fdrm'), v. t. To change from worse to better: — v. i., to grow better; to improve: — n., reformation; amendment; im- provement. [147-14.] jS"t* Reformation is the form- ing again; reform is the new form : the first is the process, the second the result. Reform is too often of shorter endu- rance than reformation, Taylor. Ref-orm-a-tion ( x ref-6rm-a'shan), ». A change from worse to bet- ter ; amendment, reform : — see under reform. Re-form-a-tive (re-fdrnrTtlv), a. Reformatory. Re-form-a-tor-y (re-fSrm'aHur- r&), a. Tending to reform. Re-form-er (re-form'ur), n. One who reforms ; a reformist. RE-FORM-iST(re-f6rmlst)n.Onewho adheres to the reformed religion. Re-fract (re-frakt'), v. t. To break the course of rays. Re-frac-tion (re-frak'shun), n. Variation of a ray of light; de- viation from a direct course. Re-fract-ive (re-frakt'lv), a. Having the power of refraction. *Re-fract-or-i-ness (re-frakt'ur- Ve-ne's), n. Sullen obstinacy. Re-fract-or-y (re-frakt'ur N re), a. Obstinate, difficult to be managed. *Ref-ra-ga-ble (r£fra N ga-bl or re-frag' a x bl), a. Capable of con- futation ; refutable. *Re-frain (r6-frane'), v. t. To hold back : — v. i., to forbear ; to abstain (ap. p. — from) : — n., the repeat of a song. Re-fran-gi-bil-i-ty (re x fran-je- bll'le v te), n. The state or quality of being refrangible. *Re-fran-gi-ble (re-fran'je v bl), a. Possible to be refracted. 424 Re-fresh (re-fresh'), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, refreshes.] To re- create ; to relieve after pain ; to cool; to give new strength or animation. Re-fresh-ment (re-frSsh'me'nt), n. Relief after pain, want, or fa- tigue ; food, rest. *RE-FRiG-ER-ANT(re-frij'eVant),a. Cooling, allaying heat: — »., a cooling medicine. Re-frig-er-ate (re-Mj'eVate), v. t. To cool. Re-frig'er v a-ting, p. prs. Re-frig-er-a-tion (re^frlj-e'r-a'- shun), n. A cooling. Re-frig-er-a-tive (re-frlj'eVa- tlv), a. Cooling, tending to cool, *Re-frig-er-a-tor (re-frlj'eVa- tur), n. An apparatus for cooling. Reft, pet. t. and p. prf. of reave. Ref-uge (reTfuje), n. Shelter ; protection ; an asylum. [38-3.]f Ref-u-gee (VeT-u-jee'), n. One who flies to shelter or protection. Re-ful-gence (re-ful'jense), ) Re-ful-gen-cy (re-ffil'jen x se), J n ' Splendor, brightness. Re-ful'gen x cies, n. pi. RE-FUL-GENT(re-ful'jent),a.Bright. Re-fund (re-fund'), v. t. To re- pay ; to restore ; to pay back. Re-fu-sa-ble (re-fu'za N bl), a. Ad- mitting of refusal. Re-fu-sal (re-fu'zal), n. Act of refusing, denial ; right of choice. *Ref-use (refuse), n. That which remains disregarded; waste: — a., worthless, rejected. [266-17.] Re-fuse (re-fuze'), v. t. or v. i. To deny; to reject;* to decline to accept. [146-9.] *Re-fu'sing, p.prs. Re-fu-ta-ble (re-fu'ta^bl), a. Pos- sible to be refuted, refragable. RE-FU-TAL(re>fu'tal),n. Refutation. *Ref-u-ta-tion (Vef-u-ta'shun), n. The act of refuting, disproof. RE-Fu-TA-TOR-Y(re-fu'ta v tur-re), a. Tending to refute. Re-fute (re-fute'), v. t. To prove to be false or wrong. [258-19.] *Re-fu'ting, p.prs. Re-gain (re-gane'), v. t. To re- cover; to obtain again. [64-34. ]j* Re-gal (re'gal), a. Royal, kingly. [279-13.] Re-gale (re-gale'), v. t. To re- fresh, entertain : — v. i., to fare sumptuously. Re-ga'ling, p. prs. Re-gale-ment (re-gale'm^nt), n. Refreshment. *Re-ga-li-a (re-ga'le'a), n. pL Ensigns of royalty, as crown, sceptre, Ac; insignia. Re-gal-i-ty (re-gal'le N te), n. Roy- alty, kingship. Re-gal-ly (r^'gaPle), ad. In a kingly manner. Re-gard (re-gard'), v. t. To re- mark ; to value ; to esteem ; to respect : — n., attention ; respect ; reverence, (ap. p. — for, in re- gard to.) [52-37.] Re-gard-ful (re-gard'f&l), a. At- tentive, (ap. p. — of.) Re-gard-less ( re-gard'] 6s), a. In- attentive, (ap. p. — of.) Re-gard-less-ly (re-gard'leVle), ad. Without regard. Re-gard-less-ness (re-gard'le's- v n5s), n. Heedlessness. *Re-gat-ta (re-gat'ta), n. A boat-race. RE-GEN-CY(re'jeVse),w. That power to which vicarious regality is in- trusted; government by a regent. *Re'gen'cies, n. pi. Re-gen-er-a-cy (re-jeVur x a-se), n. The state of being regenerated. Re-gen-er-ate (re-jen'uVate), v. t. To produce anew; to be bora anew ; to renew ; to make bet- ter. [97-28.] Re-gen'er v a-ting, p. prs. Re-gen-er-ate (re-jen'erlt), a. Born anew by grace, reproduced. Re-gen-er-ate-ness (re-jen'eVit- nfis), n. Regeneracy. REa REG- nSr, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. REJ R*e-gen-er-a-tion (re x jen-er-a'- shun), n. New birth, birth by grace; state of being regenera- ted ; act of regenerating. RE-GEN-ER-A-TiVE(re-jen'eVa-tiv), a. Producing regeneration. *Re-gent (re'jent), n. A vicari- ous ruler; a governor: — a., ex- ercising vicarious authority. Re-gent-ship (re'je'ntWp), n. The office of a regent. *Reg-i-cide (rejTside), n. The murderer or murder of a king. [263-6.] *Re-gime (ra-zheem'), n. Govern- ment; mode of living; adminis- tration. *Reg-i-men (rej'e x men), n. Regu- lation of diet ; grammatical gov- ernment. *Reg-i-ment (rej'e v me ! nt), n. A body of soldiers under the com- mand of a colonel. [368-3.] Reg-i-ment-al (Vej-e-me'nt'al), a. Belonging to a regiment. Reg-i-ment-als (Vej-e-rnent'alz), n. pi. Uniform of a regiment. *Re-gion (re'jun), n. Tract of land or space; a country; a place. [56-2.] [178-27.] Reg-is-ter (rej'isHur), n. An ac- count regularly kept ; a record ; a keeper of a register ; a regis- trar; a contrivance which reg- isters: — v. t. y to record in a register ; to enroll. *Reg-is-trar (rejlsHrar), n. A keeper of public records. Reg-is-try (rej'isHre), Reg-is-tra-tion ( x rej-ls-tra'shun), n. Act of recording; a register. Reg'is^tries, n. pi. Reg-let (rSg'let), n. In Printing, a thin strip of wood used to separate lines. *Reg-nant (r&g'nant), a. Reign- ing; prevalent. Re-gorge (r£-g6rje r ), v. t. To vomit up. Re-gor'ging, p. pr8. *Re-grate (re-grate r ), v. t. To buy provisions and sell them in the same market. jfi^** Regrate differs from en- gross and monopolize, which mean to buy the whole of an article; and from forestall, which means to buy up an article before it reaches mar- ket. Webster. Re-gra'ting, p. prs. Re-gress (re'gre's), n. Passage back. Re'gress^es, n. pi. Re-gress (re-greV), v. i. [prs. t. 3, regresses.] To go back. Re-gres-sion (re-gresh'un), n. Act of returning or going back. Re-gres-sive (re-gres'slv), a. Passing back. Re-gret (re-greY), n. Vexation at something past; remorse ; grief: — v. t., to repent; to grieve at; to mourn for. [303.] Re-gret'ting, p. prs. Re-gret'ted, p. prf. Re-gret-ful (re-gret'ful), a. Full of regret. Reg-u-lar (regular), a. Agree- able to rule ; uniform in course ; orderly [55-25] [380-15] :— n., a permanent soldier ; a monk who has taken vows. [334.] Reg-u-lar-i-ty (Veg-u-lar'eHeO, n. Method, certain order ; conform- ity to rule. ^Reg-u-larVties, n. pi. Reg-u-lar-ly (reg / ti v lar-le), ad. According to rule ; in order. Reg-u-late (re'g'u'late), v. t. To adjust; to direct; to manage. Reg'u x la-ting, p. prs. Reg-u-la-tion ( v reg-u-la'shun), n. Act of regulating ; method, rule. *Reg-u-la-tor (reg'Ma-tur), n. One who regulates. *Re-gur-gi-tate (re-gur'je v tate), v. t. To pour back : — v. i. y to be poured back. Re-gur'gi x ta-ting, p. pra. 36* Re-gur-gi-ta-tion (re v gur-je-ta'- shiin), n. Act of pouring back. Re-hear-sal (re-her'sal), n. Re- cital. *Re-hearse (re-herse'), v. t. To repeat ; to relate ; to recite. *Re-hear'sing, p. prs. *Rei-gle (re'gl), n. A groove cut for any thing to run in. *Reign (rane), v. i. To exercise sovereign authority ; to prevail ; to rule : — w., royal authority : time of a king's government. Re-im-burse (Ve-im-burse'), v. t. To repay. * v Re-im-bur'sing, p. prs. Re-im-burse-ment pre-im-burse'- ment), n. Repayment. *Rein (rane), n. The strap of a bridle : — v. t., to govern by a bridle ; to restrain. *Rein-deer (rane'deer), n. A species of deer found in the arctic regions : — sometimes writ- ten RAINDEER. Reins (ranz), n. pi. The kidneys. Re-in-stall ( x r£-in-staP), v. t. To install again. Re-in-state (V&-in-state')j v. t. To put again in possession. v Re -in- staging, p. prs. RE-iN-su-RANCE( v re-in-shu'ranse), n. A second insurance. RE-iN-VEST-MENT(Ve-in-vest r ment) n. Act of reinvesting. Re-in-vig-o-rate (Ve-ln-vlg'd- Vate), v. t. To strengthen anew. v Re-in-vigVra-ting, p. prs. *Re-is-sue (re-lsh'u), v. t. To is- sue again: — n. f that which is reissued. Re-is'sf^ing, p. prs. Re-it-er-ate (re-lt'eVate), v. U To repeat again and again. Re-it'er x a-ting, p. prs. *RE-iT-ER-A-TioN(re x lt-e'r-a , shun), n. Repetition. Re-ject (re-jekt'), v. t. To re- fuse; to throw aside; to decline. [278-24] 425 REL REL Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, BEL Re-jec-tion (re-jeVshtin), «. The act of easting off; a refusal. [243-19.] Re-joice (re-jSlse'), v. t. To ex- hilarate; to make joyful: — v. i. f to exult, {ap. p. — at, in.) Re-joi'cing, p. prs. Re-join (r£-jdln'), v. t. To join again : — v. i., to answer to an answer; to reply. Re-join-der (re-jdin'dur), n. An answer to a reply : — see reply. Re-jtj-ve-nate (re-ju've x nate), v. t. To make young again. Re-ju've n na-ting, p. prs. *Re-ju-ve-nes-cence (re^ju-v&- neV sense), n. Renewal of youth. Re-lapse (relapse'), n. A fall- ing back into wrong or sickness : — v. i., to fall back into wrong or sickness. Re-lap'sing, p. prs. Re-late (reflate'), v. t. To recite to tell: — v. i., to have reference or relation, {ap. p. — to.) Re-la'ting, p. prs. Re-la-tion (re-la'shun), n. Refer- ence; connection; kindred; ac- count, narrative. [32-3.] [224.] Re-la-tion-al (re-la'shun v al), a. Having connection. Re-la-tion-ship (re-la'shun x ship), n. State of being related. Rel-a-tive (rel'a'tiv), a. Having relation ; respecting ; not abso lute {ap. p.— to) [381-25] :— n. relation ; one allied by blood ; a pronoun which relates to an an- tecedent, {ap. p. — of.) Rel-a-tive-ly (rel'aH'iv-le), ad. As it respects something else. Re-lax (re-laks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, relaxes.] To slacken ; to di- vert; to mitigate; to remit:— v. i., to be mild; to abate in se- verity. [381.] [147-27.] Rel-ax-a-tion (Vel-aks-a'sirftn), n. Cessation of restraint; diminu- tion of tension ; remission of attention; diversion. 426 Re-lax-a-tive (re-laks'aHlv), a. Tending to relax : — n., that which relaxes. Re-lay (r£-la'), n. A supply of horses on the road to relieve others :— v. t. [relaid or re- layed — RELAID or RELAYED], to lay a second time. *Re-leas-a-ble (re-lees'a N bl), a. Capable of being released. Re-lease (re-leese'), v. t. To set free; to free from restraint; to let go ; to quit ; to slacken : — n., dismission from confinement or servitude ; remission of a claim ; acquittance from a debt signed by the creditor, {ap. p. — from.) Re-leas'ing, p. prs. *RE-LEASE-MENT(r6-leese'me , nt),n. Act of releasing. *RE-LEAs-ER(re-leese'ur), n. One who releases. Re-lent (re-le'nt'), v. i. To yield ; to s of tern Re-lent-less (re-lent'les), a. Un- pitying; destitute of tenderness; implacable. *Re-les-see (Ve-les-see')> n. One to whom a release is made. *Re-les-sor ( v re-les-s6r'), n. One who executes a release. *Rel-e-van-cy (rel'eVan-se), n. State of being relevant; fitness. Rel-e-vant (rel'eVant), a. Re- lieving ; having application ; ap- propriate. Re-li-a-bil-i-ty (reHi-a-biiae'te), Re-li-a-ble-ne s s (re-li'a N bl-nes), n. State of being relied on ; de- pendence. Re-li-a-ble (r£-li'a^bl), a. Worthy to be relied on ; trustworthy. Re-li-ance (re-li'anse), n. Trust, dependence; confidence. [334.] Rel-ic (rel'lk), n. That which re- mains; that which is kept in memory of another. [357-15.] Rel'ics, n. pi. The remains of a dead person. Rel-ict (rel'lkt), n. A widow. *Re-LIEF (re-leef), n. In Statuary, the prominence of a figure ; re- lievo ; alleviation ; dismission of a sentinel from his post; re- dress ; succor ; legal remedy of wrongs. [96-8.] [357-27.] *Re-liev-a-ble ( re-lee v'a v bl), «, Admitting relief. Re-lieve (re-leeve'),v. t. To sup- port; to assist; to alleviate ; to rid of; to replace one guard by another; in Drawing, to make prominent by contrast, {ap. p. —from, by.) [257-19.] [275-18.] *Re-liev'ing, p. prs. Re-liev-o (re-leev'6), n. In Stat- uary, the prominence of a figure, relief. *Re-liev'oes, n. pi. Re-li-gion (re-llj'un), n. A system of faith and worship ; the per- formance of duties to God. Re-li-gion-ist (re-lij'unlst), n. A bigot in religion. Re-li-gious (re-lij'us), a. Devout, pious, devoted to religion. Re-li-gious-ly (re-lij'usHe), ad. Piously, reverently. *Re-lin-quish (re-ling'kwish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, relinquishes.] To forsake; to quit; to give up. RE-LiN-QUiSH-MENT(re-l!ng'kwlsh- N ment), n. Act of relinquishing, abandonment. [361-10.] *Rel-i-qua-ry (reFe^kwa-re), n. A casket in which relics are kept. Rel'i v qua-ries, n. pi. Rel-ish (rel'ish), n. Taste, flavor, liking [168] : — v. t. [prs. t. ?,, relishes], to give a taste to ; to taste ; to enjoy : — v. i., to have a pleasant taste or flavor, {ap. p. —for, of.) Rel-ish-a-ble (reTish x a-bl), a. Giving a relish. Re-luc-tance (re-luk'tanse), ) *Re-luc-tan-cy (re-luk'tan x se), j n. Unwillingness. [111.] [274.] Re-luc-tant (re-luk'tant), a. Un- willing, disinclined. [117.]f REM REM nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound- -th'm, this. REM *Re-luc-tant-ly (re-luk'tant v le), ad. With unwillingness. [368-25.] Re-lume (re-lume'), \ t *Re-ltj-mine (re-lu'mln), j To light anew; to rekindle. Re-lu'ming, \ SRe-LU'mInVnG, J P ' P ' Re-ly (re-li'), v. i. [prs. U 3, re- lies.] To put trust in; to con fide with dependence, (ap. p.— on, upon.) [319.] Re-li'ed, p. prf. Re-main. See remains. Re-main (r£-mane'), v. i. To be left out of a greater quantity; to continue; to abide; to stay. {ap. p. — in, at, with.) Re-main-der (re-mane'dur), n. That which is left; a remnant; a balance. Re-mains (r^-manz'), n. pi. What is left ; residue ; a dead body ; relics. Re-mand (re-mand'), v. U To call or send back. Re-mark (re-mark'), n. Observa- tion ; note : — v. t., to note, ob- serve; to express, (ap. p. — on, upon.) Re-mark-a-ble (re-mark'a N bl), a. Observable, worthy of notice, ex- traordinary. [159-17.] Re-mark-a-ble-ness (re-mark'a- N bl-nes), n. The quality of being remarkable. Re-mark-a-bly (r£-mark'a v bl£), ad. In a manner worthy of ob- servation, uncommonly. *Re-me-di-a-ble (re-me'de v a-bl), a. Capable of remedy, curable. *Re-me-di-al (r6-rne'dl x al), a. Af- fording a remedy. *Rem-e-di-less (rein'e v de-13s or re-me'd'e'les), a. Incurable, not admitting remedy. Rem-e-dy (rSm'eMe), n. A medi- cine by which illness is cured; that which causes recovery ; rep- aration [149-5] : — v. t., to cure ; to heal ; to repair mischief. Remedies, n. pi. smd. prs. t. 3. RemVdi-ed, p. prf. Re-mem-ber (re>inem'bur),v. t. To bear in mind ; to put in mind ; to retain in memory ; to recollect. RE-MEM-BRANCE(re-mlm'branse)n. A train of ideas revived ; power of remembering : — see recol- lection. Re-mem-bran-cer (re-mem'bran- x sur), n. That which reminds. Re-mind (remind'), v. t. To put in mind. *Rem-i-nis-cence (^m-e-nis'- se'nse), n. Recovery of ideas : — see recollection. REM-i-Nis-CENT( x re : m-&-nls / se : nt),n, One who calls to mind. Re-mise (re-mlze'), v. t. To grant back ; to release by deed. Re-mi'sing, p. prs. Re-miss (re-mis'), a. Slack; neg- ligent; slothful. *Re-mis-si-ble (re-mls's^bl), a. Capable of being remitted. Re-mis-sion (re-mlsh'un), n. Re- laxation, abatement; discharge; forgiveness. Re-mis s-ly (re-mis'U), ad. Care- el^ing, j o'el^ling, j P' prs. Re-miss-ness (re-mis'ne's), n. Want of punctuality ; carelessness. Re-mit (re-mif), v. t. To forgive; to relax; to abate; to send money to a distant place : — v. i., to slacken; to abate, (ap.p. — to.) Re-mit'ting, p. prs. Re-mit'ted, p. prf. Re-mit-ment (re-mlt'ine'nt), Re-mit-tal (re-mit r tal), Act of remitting ; forgiveness. *Re-mit-tance (re-mlt'tanse), n. Money sent to a distant place. *Re-mit-tent (re-mlt'tent), a. Ceasing for a time. *Rem-nant (rem'nant), n. Resi- due; that which remains; the rest. [69-10.] Re-mod-el (re-m6d'el), v. U To model anew. j,,. Re-mod'el x ing, *Re-mod'i Re-mod'el-ed, /. *Re-mod'ell-ed, ) p ' pr J' Re-mon-strance (re-m6n'stranse), n. Strong representation against a measure. [52-31.] Re-mon-strant (re-m&n'strant), n. One who remonstrates : — a., ex- postulatory, remonstrating. RE-M0N-STRATE(re-m6n'strate),r.-?'. To make a strong representa- tion ; to show reasons : to oppose earnestly, (ap.p. — against.) Re-mon'stra x ting, p. prs. *Re-mon-stra-tor (re-ni&n'stra- Hur), n. One who remonstrates. Re-morse (re-mdrse'), n. Pain of guilt ; reproach of conscience for sin. [278-16.] Re-morse-ful (re-mfirse'ful), a. Full of remorse. Re-morse-less (re-m3rse'l£s), a. Unpitying ; cruel. Re-mote (re-m6te'), a. Distant; far off; foreign.[158-8.] [304-20.] Re-mote-ly (re-m6te'le), ad. At a distance ; not nearly ; slightly. *Re-mote-ness (re-m6te'n^s)_, n. State of being remote ; distance. Re-mount (re-mMnf), v. i. or v. t. To mount again. Re-mo-va-bil-i-ty (re v m66-va- bil'leHe), n. Capacity of being removed. Re-mo-va-ble (re-m66Va v bl), a. Admitting of removal. Re-mo-val (re-m66'val), n. Dis- mission from a post ; state of be- ing removed ; change of place. Re-move (re-m66v'), v. t. To dis- place from an office ; to put from a place ; to place at a distance : — v. i., to change place ; to move : — n., change of place; departure; removal; a step in the scale of gradation, (ap. p. — from.) Re-mo'ving, p. prs. Re-mu-ner-a-ble (r^-nnYneVa-bl), a. Rewardable. 427 REX REP Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m&ve, REP RE-MU-NER-ATE(revmu'neVate),?;.£. To reward ; to requite ; to rec ompense. Re-mu'ner x a-ting, p. prs. Re-mu-ner-a-tion (re A um-ne : r-a'- shun), n. Reward, compensation. Re-mu-ner-a-tive (re-mu'ner x a- tiv), a. Remuneratory. #Re-mu-ner-a-tor-y (re-mu'nur- x a-turV&), a. Affording remun- eration ; rewarding. Ren-ard (reVard), n. A fox. *Re-nas-cent (re-nas'sent), a. Rising again into being; grow- ing again. *Ren-coun-ter (rSn-kSiln'tur), n. A meeting in opposition, sudden combat j clash, collision : — v. i., to clash ; to fight hand to hand ; to come in collision: — v. t., to attack hand to hand. Rend, v. t. [rent or rended — rent or rended.] To tear with violence ; to lacerate ; to affect with great pain. [123-39.] Ren-der (reVdur), v. t. To pay back; to return; to inflict; to assign ; to translate. *Ren-dez-vous ( > re : n-d£-v66'), n. A place for assembly ; place of meeting : — v. i. or v. t. t to meet at an appointed place. [202-1.] *Ren-dez-vous-ing (V§n-de-v66'- ing), p. prs. *Ren-dez-vous-ed (V^n-d^-v66d') p. prf. *Ren-di-tion (re'n-dish'un), n. Surrender; translation. Ren-e-gade (rSn'e^gade), \ Ren-e-ga-do frSn-e-ga'd6), } n ' An apostate ; one who revolts. * v Ren-e-ga'does, n.pl. Re-new (re-nu'), v. t. To restore to the former state; to make anew ; to make vigorous ; to be- gin again. Re-new-a-ble (r^-nu'a v bl), a. Ca- pable of being renewed. Re-new-al (re-nu'al), n. The act of renewing, renovation. 428 Re-new-ed-ly (re-nu'6d N 16), ad. Anew, again. *Re-ni-tence (re-nl'te'nse), n. Re- sistance to pressure ; opposition Ren-net. See runnet. Re-nounce (re-nMnse'), v. t. To disown; to cast off; to disclaim; to reject ; to forsake. Re-noun'cing, p. prs. RE-N0UNCE-MENT(re-n6unse , me : nt), n. Renunciation. Ren-o-vate (reV6Vate), v. t. To renew; to restore to the first state ; to repair. [299-24.] RenVva-ting, p. prs. Ren-o-va-tion ( x ren-6-va'shun), n. Renewal. Re-nown (re-ndun'), n. Fame ; celebrity; distinction. [64-11.] [382-17.] Re-nown-ed (re-nMnd'), a. Fa- mous, celebrated, eminent. Re-no WN-ED-LY(re-nMn^dle),ac?. With celebrity. Rent, n. A break ; a laceration ; annual payment ; money paid for any thing held of another: v. t. f to hold by paying rent : — v. i. y to be leased for rent: — pst. t. and p. prf. of rend. Rent-a-ble (rlnt'a^bl), a. Fit to be rented. Rent-al (rent'al), n. Account of rents. Rent-er (rSnt'ur), n. One who holds by paying rent : — v. t., to sew together; to finedraw. Re-nun-ci-a-tion (re'nun-she-a'- shun), n. The act of renoun- cing, disavowal, abandonment. *Re-or-gan-i-za-tion (reMr-gan- ^-za'shun), n. A new organiza- tion ; act of reorganizing. Re-or-gan-ize (re-6r'gan x lze), v. t. To organize anew. Re-or'gan x i-zing, p. prs. Re-pack (re-pak'), v. t. To pack anew. Re-paid', pst. t. and p. prf. of REPAY. Re-pair (re-pare'), v. t. To mend ; to restore after injury : — v. i., to go to ; to resort : — n.> reparation, supply of loss. Re-pair-er (re-pare'ur), n. One who repairs. *Rep-a-ra-ble (r^p'a x ra-bl), a. Capable of being repaired. Rep-a-ra-tion (V^p-a-ra'shun), n. Act of repairing ; restoration. *Re-par-a-tive (re-par'aHiv), a. Having power to repair. *Rep-ar-tee (Ye'p-ar-tee'), «. A smart, witty reply : — see reply, f Re-pass (re-pas'), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, repasses.] To pass again or back. Re-past (re-pasf), n. A meal; food; feast. Re-pay (re-pa'), v. t. [repaid or repayed — repaid or repayed.] To requite ; to pay back. Re-pay-ment (re-pa'rngnt), «. Act of repaying ; amount repaid. Re-peal (re-peel'), v. t. To make void; to recall; to revoke: — n., revocation, abrogation. [200-2.] *Re-peal-a-ble (re-peel'a x bl), a. Admitting of repeal. Re-peat (re-peet'),v. t. orv.i. To do or speak again ; to rehearse ; to recite: — n., a repetition in music ; a refrain ; a ritornello ; a mark denoting repetition. Re-peat-ed-ly (re-peet'e^le), ad. More than once ; over and over. Re-peat-er (re-peet'ur), n. One who repeats; a watch that striken the hour. Re-pel (re-peT), v. t. To drive back ; to repulse : — v. L, to act with opposing force. Re-pel'ling, p. prs. Re-pell'ed, p. prf *Re-pel-len-cy (r^-peTleVse), n. Repulsion ; repellent force. *Re-pel-lent (re-pel'le'nt), n. An application that has a repelling power : — a., having power to repel ; tending to repel. REP REP n6*r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pMnd — thin, THis. REP Re-pent (re'p&nt), a. Creeping. Re-pent (r^-peW), v. i. To think on any thing past with sorrow ; tobepenitent(ap.jo.— of) [82-32]: v. t. f to be sorry for. *Re-pent-ance (re-pent'anse), n. Sorrow for past sin. [272.] *Re-pent-ant (re-pe'nt'ant), a. Sorrowful for sin ; penitent. *Re-peo-ple (re-pe'pl), v. t. To supply again with people. Re-peo'pling, p. prs. Re-per-cus-sion pre-per-kush'- un), n. The act of driving back ; rebound. *Rep-er-tor-y (rep'eYtur-re), n. A treasury ; a repository. Rep'er v tor-ies, n. pi. Rep-e-tend (Ye'p-e-tend'), n. That part of an infinite decimal which is continually repeated. Rep-e-ti-tion (Yep-e-tlsh'un), n. Iteration of the same thing ; re- hearsal; tautology. [276-22.] Re-pine (re-plne'), v. i. To fret; to vex; to murmur; to com- plain. [24-26.] [176-10.] Re-pi'ning, p. prs. Re-place (re-plase'), v. t. To put again in place; to substitute. Re-pl a'cing, p. prs. ; Re-place-ment (re-plase'mSnt), n. Act of replacing. Re-plant (re-plant'), v. U To plant anew. Re-plen-ish (replenish), v. t. [prs. t. 3, replenishes.] To fill; to stock [64] [287-27] :— v. i., to recover fulness. I Re-plete (replete'), a. Completely filled; full. ("p.p. — with.) Re-ple-tion (re-ple'shun), n. The state of being over-full; fulness. ; Re-plev-in (rl-pleVln), n. A writ for the recovery of goods illegally taken away : — v. t., to replevy. Re-plev-y (r6-pleVe), v. t. [prs. t. 3, replevies.] To take back or set at liberty any thing seized, upon security given. ^Re-plev'i-ed, p. prf. REP-Li-CA-TiON( v r^p-le-ka ; shun),n. A plaintiff's answer to the plea of a defendant ; a reply. Re-ply (re-pll'), v. i. To answer an objection; to respond; to an- swer : — n., return to an answer. A reply is given to an objection, an answer to a question, a repartee to ridi- cule or raillery, a rejoinder to an answer or replication, a surrejoinder to a rejoinder. Re-plies', n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Re-pli'ed, p. prf. Re-port (re-p6rt'), v. t. To give an account of; to relate : — v. i., to relate ; to make a statement : — n., an account of proceedings; any story circulated; rumor; a loud noise; sound. Re-po-sal (re-p6'zal), n. Rest, repose, act of reposing. Re-pose (re-p6ze'), v. t. To lay to rest: — v. i., to sleep; to rest in confidence: — n., sleep; rest; quiet. Re-po'sing, p. prs. Re-pos-it (re-p6zlt), v. t. To lay up; to lodge, as in a place of safety. *RE-POS-i-TOR-Y(re-p6z / eHur-reO,n. A place where any thing is safely laid up ; a storehouse. Re-pos Vtor-ies, n. pi. Rep-re-hend (Ve'p-re^he'nd'), v. t. To reprove; to chide; to cen- sure. [266-11.] *Rep-re-hen-si-ble (Vep-re-heV- se v bl), a. Blamable, culpable. Rep-re-hen-si-bly (Yep-re-heV- se^ble), ad. Blamably." Rep-re-hen-sion (Yep-r^-heV shun), n. Reproof, open blame, censure. REP-RE-HEN-siVE( N rep-r6-hen'slv), a. Reprehensory. Rep-re-hen-sor-y (Vep-re-heV surVe), a. G-iven in reproof; containing or implying censure. Rep-re-sent (Ye'p-re-ze'nt'), v. t. To exhibit; to fill the place of another by a vicarious character; to personate; to stand in the place of; to describe. [64-10. ]f Rep-re-sent- a-tion (Yep-r^-zent- a'shun), n. Image, likeness ; description ; a body of represent- atives ; exhibition ; personation ; act of representing. [363-8.] REP-RE-SENT-A-TiVE^rep-re-zent'- aHiv), a. Exhibiting a simili- tude ; making representation [146-18] : — n., one exhibiting the likeness, or exercising the power, of another ; a delegate ; a deputy. Re-press (r£-preV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, represses.] To subdue ; to crush ; to check ; to suppress. [91-12.] [301-3.] Re-pres-sion (re-presh'un), n. Act of repressing. Re-pres-sive (re-preVslv), a. Hav- ing power to repress ; subduing. *Re-prieve (r£-preev'), v. t. To respite after sentence of death : — n., respite after sentence of death ; delay of punishment. Re-priev'ing, p. prs. Rep-ri-mand (Yep-r6-mand'), v. t. To administer reproof; to chide : — w., reproof, f Re-print (re-prlnf), v. t. To print a new edition. Re-print (re'prlnt), n. A new or second impression. #Re-pri-sal (re-prl'zal), n. A seizure by way of retaliation or recompense. [18.] Re-proach (re-pr6tsh'), v. t. To censure in opprobrious terms ; to upbraid; to treat with scorn (op. p. — for) : — n., opprobrious cen- sure, shame. [305-27.] Re-proach'es, n. pi. SLXidp)-s. t. 3. Re-proach-a-ble (re-prdtsh'a^bl), a. Worthy of reproach. *Re-proach-ful (re-pr6tsh'ful ), a. Infamous, vile, shameful. 429 REP REQ Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met— pine, pin- -n&, move, RES Re-proach-ful-ly (re-pr6tsh' f&l v le), ad. Infamously, shame fully, scurrilously. Rep-ro-bate (rep'r6 N bate), a. Lost to virtue : — n., a wretch aban- doned to wickedness: — v. t., to reject with abhorrence; to detest. *Rep'ro v ba-ting, p. prs. Rep-ro-ba-tion (Vep-r6-ba'shun), n. A condemnatory sentence ; rejection with detestation. Re-pro-duce ( v re-pr6-duse')> v. t. To produce again. ^Re-pro-du'cing, p. prs. Re-pro-duc-tion (Ve-pr6-duk'- shun), n. The act of producing anew. RE-PRO-DUC-TiVE( > re-pr6-duk , tiv), a. Pertaining to reproduction. *Re-proof (re-pr66f ), n. Blame to the face, rebuke. [355.] *Re-pro-va-ble (r£-pr66'va x bl), a. Worthy of reproof, blamable. *Re-prove (re-pr&6v')> v. t. To blame to the face; to chide; to reprehend. [226-10.] Re-pro 'ving, p. prs. Rep-tile (rep'til), n. An animal that creeps ; a grovelling person : — a., mean, grovelling. Re-pub-lic (r£-pub'lik), n. Gov- ernment by representatives cho- sen by the people; common- wealth : — see democracy. Re-pub-li-can (re-pub'le x kan), a. Pertaining to the principles of a republic ; placing the govern- ment in the people : — n., one who prefers a republic. [333-13.] Re-pub-li-can-ism (re-pub'le'kan- Izm), n. Attachment to a repub- lican government. Re-pub-li-can-ize (re-pub'le^kan- Ize), v. t. To make republican. Re-pub'liVan-iz^ing, p. prs. R k-pub-li-ca-tion (re v pub-le-ka'- shun), n. A second publication. Re-pu-di-ate (re-pu'de x ate), v. t. To divorce ; to disallow ; to reject : to disown, as a debt. 430 Re-pu'di\a.-ting, p. prs. RE-PU-Di-A-TiON(re'pu-de-a'shun), n. Divorce ; refusal to pay debt. *Re-pu-di-a-tor (re-pu/de v a-tur), n. One who repudiates. Re-pug-nance (re-pug'nanse), | Re-pug-nan-cy (re-pug'nan x se), j n. Reluctance; aversion. *Re-pug-nant (re-pug'nant), a. Reluctant ; contrary,inconsistent. Re-pug-nant-ly (rl-pug'nant r le), ad. With repugnance,reluctantly. Re-pulse (re-pdlse'), n. The con- dition of being driven off or put aside ; refusal : — v. t., to repel ; to drive back. [86.] [241-22.] Re-pul'sing. p. prs. Re-pul-siojY re-pul'shun), n. Act or power of repelling. Re-pul-sive (re-pul'siv), a. For- bidding, repelling, driving off. [351-8.] Re-pul-sive-ness (re-pul'slv r nes), n. The quality of being repulsive. Rep-u-ta-ble (rep'u x ta-bl), a. Of good repute, honorable. Rep-u-ta-bly (rep'u'ta-ble), ad. With repute. Rep-u-ta-tion (Vep-u-ta'shun), n. Public estimation; good name; credit, honor. [51-1.] [206-24.] Re-pute (re-pute'), n. Reputation, character : — v. t., to account ; to hold in estimation. [269-19.] Re-pu'ting, p. prs. Re-quest (ri-kwesf), n. Entreaty, petition ; an asking : — v. t., to solicit; to ask ; to entreat. *RE-Qui-EM(re'kwe N em),n. A hymn imploring rest for the dead. Re-quir-a-ble (re-kwlre'a N bl), a. Possible to be required. Re-quire (re-kwlre'), v. t. To de- mand ; to need ; to claim. [66.] Re-quir'ing, p. prs. Re-quire-ment (re-kwlre'ment), n. The thing required, demand. Req-ui-site (rSk'we^zlt), a. Need- ful, necessary [159-30] [280-13] : — n. } any thing necessary. Req-ui-site-ness (rek'we N zlt-ne's), n. Necessity. *Req-ui-si-tion ( x rek-we-zlsh'un), n. Act of requiring ; demand. f Re-qui-tal (re-kwl'tal), n. Re- taliation, reward. Re-quite (re-kwlte'), v. t. To re- taliate; to recompense.f Re-qui'ting, p. prs. Rere-ward. See rearward. *Re-scind (re-sind'), v. t. To abrogate a law; to annul; to revoke. *Re-scis-sion (re-slzh'un), n. Act of rescinding, abrogation. *Re-scis-sor-y (re-siz'zurVe), a. Having power to annul; ab- rogating. Re-script (re'skript), n. Edict of an emperor. Res-cue (res'ku),v. t. To set free from confinement or danger; to deliver : — n., deliverance from confinement or danger. *Res'cd n ing, p. prs. Re-search (re-sertsh'), n. Inves- tigation; inquiry. [227-20.] Re-search'es, n. pi. *Re-seat (re-seef), v. t. To seat again. *Re-sei-zure (re-se'zhtir), n. Act of seizing again. Re-sell (re-sll'), v. t. or v. i. [re- sold — resold.] To sell again. Re-sem-blance (re-zem'blanse), n. Likeness, similitude, (ap. p. — to, between.) [126-34.] Re-sem>ble (re-zem'bl), v. t. To have the likeness of. Re-sem'bling, p. prs. Re-sent (re-zenf), v. u To take ill ; to take as an affront. Re-sent-ful (re-zent'ful), a. Apt to resent. Re-sent-ment (re-zent'ment), n. Anger excited by a deep sense of injury. [19-17.] [231-4.] Res-er-va-tion (Yez-er-va'shun), n. Reserve; something kept back; custody; proviso. RES RES RES nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 6x1 — p6und— thin, THis. RE-SERV-A-TOR-Y^e-zeVv'aHur-re) n. A place for preserving things. Re-serv'a x tor-ies, ft. pi. Re-serve (re-zerv'), v. t. To keep in store,- to retain [35-12]: — n., something kept for exi- gence ; something concealed in the mind ; exception ; modesty ; silence ; caution. [86-34.] [169-5.] Re-serv'ing, p. prs. Re-serv'ed, p. prf. : — a., modest. Re-serv-ed-ly (re-zgrv'edle), ad. With reserve, coldly. *Res-er-voir ( x rez-er-vw6r'), n. Place where any thing is kept,* a cistern. [265-16.] Re-set (re-seY), v. t. [reset — reset.] To set over again. Re-set'ting, p. prs. Re-set-tle-*lent (rd-s&t'trmSnt), 11. Act of settling again. Re-ship (re-ship 1 ), v. t. To ship what has been imported. Re-ship'ping, p. prs. Re-ship'ped, p. prf. Re-ship-ment (re-shlp'me'nt), ft. A second exportation. Re-side (re-zlde'), v. i. To live; to dwell; to sojourn; to abide. Re-si'ding, p. prs. Res-i-dence (reVe N dense), n. Act of dwelling in a place ; domicile. Res-i-dent (reYeMe'nt), a. Dwell ing in a place ; fixed ; living :— ft., an agent; an inhabitant; a foreign minister. Res-i-den-tiar-y (Vez-6-den'sher N re), a. Residing: — n., an eccle- siastic who keeps a certain resi- dence. v Res-i-den'tiar v ies, ft. pi. *Re-sid-u-al (re-zid'u x al), \ Re-sid-u-a-ry (r£-zld'u N a-r&), J a Relating to the residue. *Res-i-due (rez'e'du), n. That which is left, remainder. Re-sid-u-um (re-zld'u x um), n. The remainder, the residue. Re-sign (r^-sine'), v. t. To sign again. Re-sign (re-zine'), v. t. To give up ; to submit ; to relinquish. RES-iG-NA-TiON(V^z-ig-na'shun),ft. Act of resigning ; submission ; unresisting acquiescence. [342-2.] ^Re-sil-i-ence (re-zil'e N ense), ) Re-sil-i-en-cy (r^-zll'^en-se), J n ' Act of starting back, recoil. Re-sil-i-ent (re-zil'e v ent), a. Re- bounding, starting back. *Res-in (reVln), n. A fatty, in- flammable substance exuding from trees : — see rosin. Res-in-ous (rez'ln^us), a. Contain- ing resin. Re-sist (r&-zisf), v. t. To oppose. Re-sist-ance (re-zlst'anse), n. Act of resisting; opposition. [68-32.] *Re-sist-ant (re-zlst'ant), n. That which resists. Re-sist-i-bil-i-ty (re'zist-e-bil'le- \h), ii. The quality of being resistible. *Re-sist-i-ble (re-zlst'e r bl), a. Possible to be resisted. Re-sist-ive (re-zlstlv), a. Having power to resist, opposing. Re-sist-less (re-zlst'les), a. Irre- sistible, helpless. Re-sold', pst.t.smdp. prf. of resell. *Res-o-lu-ble (reYo x lu-bl), a. Ca- pable of being dissolved. Res-o-lute (rez'dlute), a. Bold, determined, firm. [68-32.] Res-o-lute-ly (rez'dHute-le), ad. Steadily, firmly, courageously. Res-o-lute-ness (rez'6 v lute-ne : s), n. State of being resolute. Res-o-lu-tion frez-o-lu'shun), n. Fixed determination ; firmness ; analysis ; formal declaration of an organized body of persons act of resolving ; in Mathematics, solution, and the operation of separating a number into factors; in Medicine and Surgery, removal of disease,and a termination of in flammation in which the healthy condition is regained without suppuration. [53-5.] [185-18.] Re-solv-a-ble (re-z61v'a x bl), a. Capable of being analyzed. Re-solve (re-z&lv'), v. t. To in- form; to solve; to settle in an opinion; to clear of doubt; to analyze : — v. %., to determine ; to declare formally as an organized body ; to melt (ap. p. — on, upon) [35-12] : — ft., resolution, deter- mination. [157-25. ]f Re-solv'ing, p. prs. Re-solv-ed-ness (re-z6lv'ed x nes), ft.Resolution,fixedness of purpose. *Re-solv-ent (re-z61v'£nt), n. That which causes solution. Res-o-nance (rez'6 x nanse), n. A return of sound, reverberation. *Res-o-nant (rez'6 x nant), a. Re- sounding, reverberating. Re-sorb-ent (re-sdrb'ent), a. Swal- lowing up, absorbing. Re-sort (re-z6rt'), v. i. To have recourse to; to repair [265-16] [95-12]: — w., a place frequented ; a meeting ; assembly, concourse, resource. Re-sound (re'sdund), v. t. To sound again. Re-sound (re-z6und')> v. t. To re- turn sounds; to echo ; to praise [95] [259-7]:— v. i., to be echoed. *Re-source (re-s6rse'), n. Resort, expedient, source of aid. [359-25.] Re-spect (re-spekt'), v. t. To re- gard; to honor: — ft., reverence, regard, esteem, (ap. p. — to, for.) Re-spect-a-bil-i-ty (re v spekt-a- bll'le v te), ft. State of being re- spectable. Re-spect-a-ble (re-sp^kt'a'bl), a. Deserving of regard. Re-spect-a-bly (re-sp^kt'a v ble), ad. In a manner meriting respect. Re-spect-ful (re-sp£kt/ful), a. Ceremonious, showing respect. Re-spect-ful-ly (re-spekt'fulle), ad. With some degree of rever- ence. Re-spect-ive (re-spekt'lv), a. Relative; particular. [168.] 431 RES Fate, f^r, fail, fat- RES -me, rne't — pine, pin — n6, move, RET Re-spect-ive-ly (r£-sp£kt!v A le), ad. Particularly; as relating to each; relatively. Re-spi-ra-ble (r^-spl'ra^bl), a. Capable of being inhaled ; fit to be breathed. RES-Pi-RA-TiON( v reVp£-ra'shun),n. The act of breathing. [123-28.] *Re-spi-ra-tor-y (re^spiVa^tur- re), a. Serving for respiration. Re-spire (re-splre'), v. i. To rest; to breathe : — v. t., to breathe out. Re-spi'ring, p. prs. *Res-pite (reVplt), n. Reprieve ; pause, delay : — v. t., to relieve by a pause; to suspend; to delay. Res'pit^ing, p. prs. Re-splen-dence (re-spleVde'nse), RE-SPLEN-DEN-CY(r6-splen'deVse), n. Lustre, brightness. ^RE-sPLEN-DENTfre-spleVd&nt^a. Bright, lustrous. [182.] Re-splen-dent-ly (r£-spleVde { nt- He), ad. With lustre, or great brightness. Re-spond (re-sp&nd'), tf. i. To re- ply ; to answer. *Re-spond-ent (r^-sp&nd'Snt), n. An answerer in a lawsuit ; one who responds : — a., answering, responding. Re-sponse (re-sp&nse'), n. A re- ply, an answer. [76-6.] Re-spon-si-bil-i-ty (re N sp6n-se- bll'leHe), n. The state of being obliged to answer,accountability. Re x spon-si-bilVties, n. pi. *Re-spon-si-ble (re-sp6n'se x bl), a. Answerable,accountable. [300-5.] Re-spon-sive (re-sp&n'siv), a. Answering, respondent. Re-spon-sor-y (re-sp6n'surVe), a. Containing an answer. Rest, n. Ease; sleep; repose; others, those which remain; re- mainder; an interval; a sup- port : — v. i., to sleep ; to be still ; to be supported; to lean; to re- main: — v. t., to cause to rest; to place, (ap. p. — in, at, on, upon.) 432 *Res-taur-ant (reVtur^ant), n. An eating-house. *Res-taur-a-teur (reVtoVaHur), n. The keeper of a restaurant. Res-tiff (reVtif), ) a. Unwill- *Res-tive (reVtlv), j ing to stir, stubborn. Res-ti-tu-tion (VeVtS-tu'shun), n. The act of restoring, indemnifi- cation. Rest-less (re'st'le's), a. Uneasy; not quiet ; without sleep. Rest-less-ly (rest'leVle), ad. Without rest. Rest-less-ness (re'st'leVne's), n. Want of sleep; agitation; dis- turbance. Re-sto-ra-ble (r£-sto'ra^bl), a. Admitting of restoration. Res-to-ra-tion ( v r6s-t6-ra'shun), n. Act of restoring; renewal; recovery. f Re-sto-ra-tive (re-st6'ra x tiv), a. Having power to recruit life or renew vigor: — n., a medicine that restores. Re-store (re-st6re'), v. t. To give back what has been lost or taken away ; to repay ; to bring back to a former state; to heal;- to revive. (ap. p.— to.) [55-18.] [275-16.] Re-sto'ring, p. prs. Re-strain (re-strane'), v. t. To withhold; to confine; to limit; to abridge ; to check, (ap. p. — from, by, of.) [368-25.] Re-strain-a-ble (re-strane'a r bl), a. Possible to be restrained. Re-straint (re-stranf), n. Re- striction, abridgment of liberty. [99-23.] [283-11.] Re-strict (r^-strikt'), v. t. To con- fine; to limit; to restrain. Re-stric-tion (re-strlk'shun), n. Limitation ; confinement within bounds ; restraint. Re-stric-tive (re-strik'tiv), a. Ex- pressing limitation ; restraining. Re-stric-tive-ly (re-strlk'tlvle), ad. In a manner to restrict. Re-sult (re-zult'), v. i. To fly back ; to rebound; to terminate ; to rise as a consequence [77-21]: — w., consequence ; effect ; re- solve; conclusion. [57-9.] *Re-sult-ant (re-zult'ant), n. The force or direction which results from combined forces. Re-su-ma-ble (re-zu'ma^bl), a. Possible to be resumed. *Re-su-me (Va-zu-ma'), n. A sum- ming up ; a summary. Re-sume (re-zume'), v. t. To take back or again ; to begin again after interruption. [115-35.] Re-su'ming, p. prs. Re-sump-tion (re-zuni'shun), n. The act of resuming. Re-sump-tive (re-zum'tiv), a. Ta- king back or again* *Res-ur-rec-tion (VeVur-rSk 7 - shun), n. Return from the grave; a rising and living again after death. [130-12.] Re-sur-vey fre-sur-va'), v. t. To survey again. Re-sus-ci-tate (re-sns r se N tate), v. t. To revive; to stir up anew. Re-sus'ci^ta-ting, p. prs. *Re-sus-ci-ta-tion (re'sus-se-ta'- shun), n. The act of reviving. Re-sus-ci-ta-tive (re-sus'se x ta- tlv), a. Reviving. Re-tail (re'tale), n. Sale by small quantities : — a., sold in small quantities. Re-tail (re-tale'), v. t. To sell in small quantities. Re-tail-er (re-tale'dr or re'tale- ^ur), n. One who sells by small quantities. Re-tain (re-tane'), v. t. To keep to hold ; to keep in pay. Re-tain-er (re-tane'ur), n. One who retains; a fee to secure counsel ; a dependant. Re-take (re-take'), v. t. [retook — retaken.] To take again ; to- recapture. Re-ta'king, p. prs. ■f v ■ RET RET nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— dil- -pSdnd — thin, this. RET *Re-tal-i-ate (re-tal'e'ate), v. t. To repay; to requite like for like : — v. %., to return the like. Re-tai/i x a-ting, p. prs. Re-tal-i-a-tion (re v tal-e-a'shun), n. Return of like for like; re- venge. Re-tal-i-a-tive (re-tal'e x a-tiv), RE-TAL-i-A-TOR-Y(re-tal'e x a-tur x r£) a. Returning like for like. Re-tard (re-tard'), v. t. To hin- der ; to delay ; to diminish speed. [307-4.] Re-tard-a-tion ( x re-tard-a'shun), n. Act of retarding. Re-tard-ment (re-tard'me'nt), n. Act of retarding. *Retch (rltsh or retsh), v. i. [prs. t. 3, retches.] To try to vomit: — sometimes written reach. Re-ten-tion (re-teVshun), n. The act of retaining. Re-ten-tive (r£-ten'tlv), a. Hav- ing power to retain ; holding. Re-ten-tive-ness (re-ten' tivWs), n. Power of retaining. *Ret-i-cle (reYe v kl), n. A small net; a reticule. Re-tic-u-lar (re-tik'tOlar), a. Hav- ing the form of a net. Re-tic-tj-late (re-tik'u lit), Re-tic-u-la-ted (re-tik'ula-tM), a. Made of, or resembling, net- work; netted. Re-tic-u-la-tion (re x tlk-u-la'- shun), n. Network. *Ret-i-cule (r£t'e N kule), n. A lady's work-bag. *Ret-i-form (ret'e'fdrm), a. Hav- ing the form of a net. *Ret-i-na (retina), n. A net- like expansion of the optic nerve which receives the image of an object in vision. Ret'i x nje, n. pi. **Ret-i-nue (ret'e x nu), n. A train of attendants. [183-16.] Re-tire (re-tlre'), v. i. To with- draw; to retreat; to recede, (op. p.— from.) [35-19.] 2 C private ; In To do Tore- Re-ti'ring, p. prs. Re-ti'red, p. prf. : — a, secret ; withdrawn.f Re-tired-ly (re-tird'le), ad. solitude. Re-tire-ment (re-tire'ment), n. A private abode; retreat; seclu- sion. [249-23.] Re-took 7 , pst. t. of retake. Re-tort (re-t6rt'), v. t. To throw back ; to return an argument or censure : — n. } a censure returned ; a repartee ; a chemical vessel. Re-touch (r£-tutsh'), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, retouches.] To im- prove by new touches. Re-trace (re-trase'), v. t. again ; to trace back. Re-tra'cing, p. prs. Re-tract (re-traktf), v. t. call; to recant; to disavow: — v. %., to make a retraction. [52-25.] *Re-tract-a-ble (re-trakt'a x bl), a. Possible to be retracted. *Re-tract-i-ble (r£-trakt'e x bl), j Re-tract-ile (re-trakt'il), j a. Possible to be drawn back. Re-trac-tion (re-trak'shun), n. The act of withdrawing some- thing advanced. Re-tract-ive (r^-trakt'lv), a. Re- tracting, withdrawing. Re-treat (re-treet'), n. Place of privacy ; asylum [301-11] [55] : — v. i., to retire ; to withdraw. Re-trench (re-trensh'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, RETRENCHES.] To CUt off; to curtail; to diminish. Re-trench-ment (re-trensh'ment), n. Reduction ; diminution. Re-trib-ute (re-trlb'ute), v. t. To pay back. Re-trib'u x ting, p. prs. RET-Ri-BU-TiON(Vet-re-bu'shun),rc. Return according to the action ; repayment ; requital. Re-trib-u-tive (re-trlb'u x tlv), Re-trib-u-tor-y (re-trlb'u x tur-re), a. Making retribution ; reward- ing or punishing. 37 Re-triev-a-ble (re-treev'a'bl), a. Possible to be retrieved. *Re-triev-al (re-treev'al), Re -trie ve -me nt (r6-tr£6v'm8nt), n. Act of retrieving. Re-trieve (re-treev'), v. t. To recover ; to repair ; to regain. Re-triev'ing, p. prs. Ret-ro-act (ret r r6'akt or x re-tr6- akt'), v. i. To act backward or reciprocally. Ret-ro-ac-tive ( x ret-r6-ak'tiv or x r&-tr6-ak'tlv), a. Acting back- ward in direction or time. *Ret-ro-cede (re'tWseed or re'- tr6 v seed), v. t. To give or go back. Ret'ro x ce-ding, p. prs. Ret-ro-ces-sion (VSt-ro-sesh'un or x re-tr6-sesh'un), n. Act of going or giving back. Ret-ro-gra-da-tion ( x r£t-r6-gra- da'shun or x re-tr6-gra-da'shun), n. The act of going backward. Ret-ro-grade (ret'r6 x grade or xh'- tr6 x grade), a. Groing backward ; receding [66-32] : — v. i., to go backward. Ret'ro x gra-ding, p. prs. Ret-ro-gres-sion ( x ret-r6-gresh r - un or x re-tr6-gresh'im), n. Act of going backward. > Ret-ro-gres-sive ( v ret-r6-gres'- slv or x re-tr6-gres'siv), a. Going backward. Ret-ro-spect (ret'r6 x spekt or re'- tr6 x sp£kt), n. View of things past, review. Ret-ro-spec-tion ( x r8t-r6-spSk'- shun or v re-tr6-spek'shun), n. The act of looking back on past things. Ret-ro-spect-ive (Vet-r6-sp^kt r - Iv or Ve-tr6-sp§ktlv), a. Look- ing backward; affecting things past. Ret-ro-spect-ive-ly (Vet-r6- sp^ktlv'le or v re-tr6-spekt'!v v le), ad. By way of retrospect. Ret-ro-vert (ret'r6 x vi\rt or re'tr6- Vurt), v, t. To turn back. 433 REV REV Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, met — pine, pin — no, mSve, REV Re-turn (re- turn'), v. i. To come back ; to retort : — v. t., to repay to restore (op. p. — to) : — n., act of coming back ; profit; restitu- tion ; relapse ; report. Re-turn-a-ble (re-turn'a x bl), a. Admitting of return. Re-u-ni-on (re-u'ne r un), n. A re- newed union. Re-u-nite (V^-u-nlte'), v. t. To join again : — v. i., to be united again. ^Re-lt-ni'ting, p. prs. Re-veal (re-vee!'), v. t. To lay ' open ,• to disclose ; to divulge. [53-25.] [278-18.] *Re-veil-le (re-val'ya or re- vale'), n. The beat of drum at break of day. Rev-el (rfiv'Sl), v. i. To feast with loose and clamorous merri- ment [25-2] [248-5]:— n., a feast with loose and noisy jollity. Rev'el n ing, ) *Rev'elW,P^' Rev'el-ed, I , *Rev'ell-ed, \P'P r J' Rev-e-la-tion ( v reV-£-la'shun), n. Discovery ; communication of sa- cred truths by supernatural agen- cies ; that which is revealed ; the Apocalypse. Rev-el-er J (reVeTur), n. One *Rev-el-ler J who revels. Rev-el-ry (reVeTre), n. Loose jollity, noisy merriment. [20.] Rev'el^ries, n. pi. Re-ven-di-cate (r£-ven'de r kate), v. t. To claim that which has been taken by an enemy. Re-ven'di^ca-ting, p. prs. Re-venge (r£-venje'), v. t. To return an injury ; to retaliate : — n., return of an injur} 7 ; retalia- tion; vindictiveness. Re-ven'ging, p. prs. Re-venge-ful (r&-venje'fill), a. Full of revenge, vindictive. Re-venge-pul-ly (re-v^nje'furie) ad. Vindictively. 434 Rev-e-nue (rev'^nu or re-ven'nii), n. Income, annual profits, f - if RE-VER-BER-ANT(re-ver'ber > ant), a. Resounding. Re-ver-ber-ate (r£-ver'beVate), v. t. To beat back ; to echo : — v. i., to resound; to bound back. Re-ver'ber v a-ting, p. prs. Re-ver-ber-a-tion (reVer-ber-a'- shun), n. Act of reverberating. Re-ver-ber-a-tor-y (r£-veVber-a- Hur-re), a. Beating or sounding back : — n., a furnace that reflects or throws back the flame. Re-ver'ber-aVor-ies, n. pi. Re-vere (re-veer'), v. t. To rev- erence; to venerate; to regard with great respect and affection. [308-16.] [16.] Re-ve'ring, p. prs. Rev-er-ence (rev'eVense), n. A title of the clergy ; awe ; vener- ation; respect mingled with af- fection [164] : — v. t. f to regard with reverence ; to revere. Rev'er^en-cing, p. prs. Rev-er-end (rev'eVend), a. De- serving reverence ; the honorary epithet of a clergyman. [25-26.] Rev-er-ent (reVeVent), a. Ex- pressing veneration ; humble. REV-ER-EN-TiAL(V§v-er-en / shal),a. Expressing reverence. Rev-er-en-tial-ly (VeV-er-eV- shal N le), ad. Reverently. Rev-er-ent-ly (rev'eVent-leO, ad. Respectfully, with reverence. Rev-er-ie. See revery. Re-ver-sal (re-ver'sal), n. Act of reversing; a change : — a., tending to reverse, changing. Re-verse (reverse'), v. t. To turn upside down; to repeal; to in- vert [381]: — n., change; an op- posite side ; a contrary. Re-ver'sing, p. prs. Re-verse-ly (re-veVse'le), ad. On the other hand. *Re-ver-si-ble (r£-ver'se r bl), a. Capable of being reversed. Re-ver-sion (re-veVshun), n. That which reverts; the right of the possession of an estate after the death of the present owner. Re-ver-sion-a-ry (re-veVshun x a- re), a.To be enjoyed in succession. RE-VER-siON-ER(re-veVshun N ur),w. One who is entitled to a reversion. Re-vert (re-vert'), v. i. To come again into possession; to turn back ; to return (ap. p. — upon, to) [152-31]:— v. t., to drive back. *Re-vert-i-ble (re-vert'e^bl), ) Re-vert-ive (re-vert'lv), f a ' Returnable; changing; liable to be reverted. *Rev-er-ie J (rev'eVre), n. Loose Rev-er-y J musing, irregular thought; a wild fancy. [35-4.] Rev'er^ies, n. pi. Re-vest (re-vlst/), v. t. To put # again in possession; to clothe again : — v. L, to take effect again. Re-view (re-vu'), v. t. To re-ex- amine ; to survey ; to inspect, as soldiers : — n., survey, a re-exam- ining ; an exhibition of troops ; a periodical devoted to criticism.f *Re-view-er (re-vu'ur), n. One who reviews. Re- vile (re- vile'), v. t. To vilify; to reproach. Re-vi'ling, p. prs. Re-vi-sal (re-vi'zal), n. A review, revision. Re-vise (re-vlze'), v. t. To re-ex- amine ; to review [244-28] : — n., review; a second proof of a sheet corrected. * Re-vi'sing, p. prs. *Re-vi-ser (re-vl'zur), n. One who revises; an examiner. Re-vis-ion (r&-vizh'un), n. Re- view ; re-examination. Re-vis-ion-al (re-vizh'tin^al), a. Pertaining to, or containing, re- vision. Re-vis-it (re-vlz'it), v. t. To visit again. REV RHE n6r, n6t— tube, tub, bdll — 611- -pSund — thirif thIs. RIA Re-vi-val (r£-vl'val), n. A recall from languor or obscurity; re- newal of life or vigor ; a relig- ious awakening. Re-vi-val-ist (re-vl'vallst), n. A minister who promotes revivals. Re- vive (re-vive'), v. i. To return to life; to reanimate: — v. t., to bring to life again ; to quicken ; to renew. Re-vi'ving, p. prs. Re-viv-i-fi-ca-tion (reViv-e-fe- ka'shun), n. The act of recall- ing to life. Re-viv-i-fy (r£-vlv'e N fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, revivifies.] To recall to life; to reanimate. Re-viv'i v fi-ed, p. prf. Rev-o-ca-ble (reV n -l silk; a narrow web of silk, worn for ornament. Rib-roast (rlb'r&st), v. t. To beat soundly. Rice (rise), n. An esculent grain. Rice-Pa-per (rlse'pa^pur), n. A membranous material brought from China for painting upon. Rich (ritsh), a. Wealthy; valu- able; opulent; fertile, fruitful. (ap. p. — in.) Rich'es, n. sing, sm6.pl. Wealth, money; affluence. Rich-ly (ritsh 'le), ad. Splendidly, wealthily; abundantly. Rich-ness (ritsh'nes), n. Opu- lence; fertility; abundance. Rick (rlk), n. A pile of corn or hay. Rick-ets (rlk'klts), n. A disease in children, rachitis. Rick-et-y (rlk'lt v £), a. Diseased with the rickets ; imperfect ; rachitic. *Ric-o-chet (Mk-6-sha' or Mk-6- shet'), a. In Gunnery, firing which causes balls or shells to bound and rebound from one point to another. RId, v. t. [rid — rid.] To set free ; to clear; to disencumber, {ap, p.— of.) Rid'ding, p. pr8. Rid-dance (rld'danse), n. Deliv- erance. Rid'den, p. prf. of ride. 436 Rid-dle (rld'dl), n. A puzzling question ; a coarse sieve : — v. t., to solve; to separate by a coarse sieve: — v. i,, to speak ambig- uously. Rid'dling, p. prs. RIde, v. i. [rode — ridden or rode.] To travel while seated on an animal or in a vehicle ; to be supported, as ships on the water : — v. t. f to sit upon an ani- mal or in a vehicle so as to be carried ; to manage at will : — n., an excursion in a vehicle. Ri'ding, p. prs. Ri-der (rl'dur), n. One who rides; a clause added to a bill. Ridge (ridje), n. The rough top of a roof or slope; a chain of mountains ; ground thrown up by a plough : — v. t., to form a ridge ; to wrinkle. Ridg'ing, p. prs. Ridg-y (rldj'e), a. Rising in a ridge ; having ridges. Rid-i-cule (rid'e N kule), n. Wit which provokes laughter and con- tempt; mockery [114-2]: — v. t., to expose to laughter; to deride. [220-7.] Rid Vcu-ling, p. prs. Ri-dic-tj-lous (r^-dlk'uHus), a. Laughable, absurd, ludicrous. Ri-dic-u-lous-ly (re-dlk'u x lus-le), ad. In a ridiculous manner. Ri-dic-u-lous-ness (re-dlk'u x lus- nes), n. The quality of being ridiculous. Ri-ding-Hood (rl'ding^hud), n. A woman's riding-cloak with a hood attached. Ri-dot-to (re-d6t't6), n. A musi- cal entertainment. *Ri-dot'tos, n. pi. RIfe, a. Prevalent. Rife-ly (rlfe'le), ad. Prevalently. Rife-ness (rlfe'nes), n. Abun- dance, prevalence. *Riff-raff (rif'raf ), n. Refuse ; the rabble. Ri-fle (rl'fl), n. A kind of gun, having its barrel grooved on the inside ; a mower's whetstone : — v. t., to pillage, to plunder; to groove like a rifle. Ri'fling, p. prs. Ri-fle-man (rl'fTman), n. One armed with a rifle. Ri'fle x men, n. pi. Ri-fler (rl'flur), n. One who rifles ; a robber. RIft, n. A cleft, a breach [76-7] : — v. i., to burst; to open; to split: — v. t, to split. RIg, v. t. To accoutre ; to fit with tackling; to trim; to joke: — n., a dress ; a joke. Rig'ging, p. prs. : — n., the sails or tackling of a ship ; outfit. Rig'ged, p. prf. Rig-a-doon (Vig-a-d66n'), n. A dance. Rig-ger (rlg'gur), n. One who rigs. * Right (rite), a. Fit, proper, just, honest; noting that side or end of a thing, and that side or limb of a person or animal, which is cast toward the south on facing the east; noting that bank of a river to the right side of a per- son who faces its mouth; noting an angle which contains 90°: — opposed to left : — ad., properly; justly; truly: — n., justice ; just claim ; privilege ; prerogative : — v. t., to do justice to ; to rec- tify ; to relieve from wrong. Right-An-gled (rite'ang^gld), a. Having one or more angles of 90°. Righ-teous (ri'tshus), a. Just, % virtuous; conformed to the di- vine law. Righ-teous-ly (rl'tshusMe), ad. Justly, religiously, honestly. *Righ-teous-ness (rl'tshus N nes),w. Honesty, virtue, justice. Right-ful (rlte'Ml), a. Having a just claim, just, lawful. Right-ful-ly (rlte'fulle), ad. According to right. RItf RIS n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pSund — thin, THis. RIV Right-ful-ness (rite'fuPnes), n Rectitude. Right-hand (rite'hand), n. The hand upon the right arm: — a., situated to the right side. Right-ly (rlte'le), ad. With right, properly, honestly. RiGHT-NESS(rite'n£s), n. Correct- ness ; straightness. Rig-id (rij'id), a. Stiff; severe; cruel; strict. [147-27.] f Ri-gid-i-ty (re-jld'eHe), n. Stiff- . ness of manner, severity. Rig-id-ly (rij'ld^), ad. Severely, strictly; stiffly. Rig-id-ness (rij'idWs), n. Stiff- ness of manner ; severity. Rig-ma-role (rig'ma N r6le), n. A succession of idle words or stories. Rig-or (rig'gur), n. Severity, strict- ness ; a chill. ^Rig-or-ous (rig'guYus), a. Stern, harsh, severe. [280-11.] Rig-or-ous-ly (rig'gur\is-le), ad. With rigor. *RiG-OR-ous-NESS(rig'gur'us-n£s), n. Severity. RIll, n. A small brook: — v. i., to run in a small stream. Ril-let (ril'lit), n. A small stream. Rim, n. A border, a margin. *Rime, n. Hoar frost; a fissure. *Ri-mose (rl-mdse'), ) a. Full of Ri-mous (rl'mus), j chinks or clefts, as the bark of trees. Rim-ple (rim'pl), n. A wrinkle : — v. t., to wrinkle ; to rumple. Rim'pling, p. prs. *Ri-my (ri'nie), a. [rimier — ri- « miest.] Full of frost ; frosty. Rind, n. Bark, husk, skin. RIng, n. A sound, the sound of metals or bells : — v. t. [rung or rang — rung], to cause to sound, as a bell : — v. i., to sound, to tinkle. RIng, n. A circle ; a circle of gold or other matter worn as an or- nament : — v. t., to encircle, to fit with a ring. j Ring-dove (ring'duv), n. A kind of pigeon. Ring-lead-er (rlng'leed x ur), n. The head of a riotous body. Ring-let (ring'l£t), n. A small ring; a curl. Ring-streak-ed (ring'streekt), a. Circularly streaked. Ring-worm (rlng'wurm), n. A ring-shaped eruption ; a tetter. *R!nse, v. t. To cleanse by wash- ing ; to wash lightly. Rin'sing, p. prs. Ri-ot (ri'ut), n. Wild and loose festivity; sedition; a disturb- ance by a mob : — v. %., to revel ; to raise a sedition; to raise an uproar. Ri-ot-er (ri'ut^dr), n. One who riots. Ri-ot-ous (ri'ut^us), a. Seditious; turbulent ; licentiously festive. Ri-ot-ous-ly (rl'ut v us-le), ad. In a riotous manner ; tumultuously. Ri-ot-ous-ness (ri'dtNis-n^s), n. The state of being riotous. Rip, v. t. To tear ; to lacerate : — n., a laceration, a tearing. Rip 'ping, p. prs. Rip'ped, p. prf. Ripe, a. Mature, complete, grown to perfection ; finished. Ripe-ly (ripe'16), ad. Maturely. Ri-pen (ri'pn), v. i. To grow ripe: — v. t., to make ripe or mature. Ripe-ness (ripe'nSs), n. Maturity. Rip-ple (rip'pl), v. i. To fret on the surface, as water swiftly run- ning: — n., agitation of the sur- face of water into small waves; a large flax-comb. Rip'pling, p. prs.: — ii., a rough- ness on the surface of running water. Rise (rlze), v. i. [rose — risen.] To get up; to spring; to swell; to ascend; to appear above the horizon ; to increase in price : — see raise. 37* Ri'sing, p. prs. *Rise (rise or rlze), n. The act of rising; ascent, elevated place; increase of price; origin. Ris-i-bil-i-ty ( x riz-e-bil'le x t£ or VI- ze-bil'le x te), n. The quality of laughing, proneness to laugh. Ris-i-ble (riz'e x bl or rl'ze v bl), a. Exciting laughter ; ludicrous, laughing. [239-8.] Risk, n. Hazard : — v. t., to hazard. RIte, n. Solemn act of religion ; external observance. [152-17.]f *Ri-tor-nel-lo ( v re-t6r-neT16), n. The burden of a song, the refrain. ^i-tor-nel'loes, n. pi. Rit-u-al (ritual), a. Solemnly ceremonious : — n., a book con- taining the rites of religion. Rit-u-al-ism (rit'u^al-izm), n. Ad- herence to forms and rites. Rit-u-al-ist (rit^al-lst), n. One versed in the ritual. Rit-u-al-ly (rit'u x al-le), ad. Ac- cording to the ritual ; by rites. Ri-val (rlVal), ti. A competitor; an antagonist : — a., emulous, an- tagonistic : — v. t., to oppose ; to emulate; to compete with.f Ri' valuing, } RiVal-ed, } /. Ri-val-ry (rl'vaPre), n. Compe- tition, emulation, strife for supe- riority. Rr 7 val^rie s, n. pi. Ri-val-ship (ri'vaTship), n. The state or character of a rival; rivalry. [280-21.] Rive, v. t. [rived — riven or rived.] To split; to cleave: — v. %., to be split. Ri'ving, p. prs. Riv-el (riv'vl), v. t. To contract into wrinkles; to shrivel. Riv'el x ing, *Riv'el v ling, Riv'el-ed, ^■Riv'ell-ed, 437 [■ p. prs. ROB ROD Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, m5ve, ROM Riv'EN, p. prf. Of RIVE. Riv-er (rlv'tir), n. A stream of water larger than a brook. Riv-er-God (riv'ur x g6d), n. A deity supposed to preside over a river. Riv-et (rlv'it), n. A fastening pin clinched at both ends : — v. t. y to fasten with rivets ; to clinch, Riv-u-let (riv'uHSt), n. A small river, a brook. Rix-DoL-LAR(riks'd&riar),n. The name of various (European) sil- ver coins, which differ in value from 50 cents to $1.07. Roach (r6tsh), n. A fish ,• an insect. Roach'es, n. pi. Road (rode), n. A highway, path, street; a large way. *Road-stead (rdde'sted), n. A place for ships to anchor. Road-ster (r6de'stur), n. A vessel at anchor; a horse fitted for travelling. Roam (r6me), v. t. To range over : — v. i., to wander. *Roan (r6ne), a. Bay, sorrel, or black, with white or gray spots. Roar (r6re), v. i. or v. t. To cry as a a lion; to make a loud noise ; to howl : — n., the cry of the lion or other beast; a loud noise; a clamor. Roast (r6st), v. t. To dress meat before the fire; to heat violently; to parch: — v.i. to become parched: — n., that which is roasted. Roast-er (r6st r ur), n. One who roasts; a gridiron; a pig for roasting. R6b, v. t. or v. i. To plunder ; to take unlawfully; to steal; to pil- lage, (ap. p. — of.) Rob'bing, p. prs. Rob'bed, p. prf. Rob-ber (rob'bur), n. One who steals, a plunderer, a thief. Rob-ber-y (rob'biirVe), n. Theft by force or with privacy. Rob'ber n ies,?i.^. 438 R6be, n. A gown of state ; an ele- gant attire : — v. t. } to dress pom- pously ; to put on a robe. Ro'bing, p. prs. *Rob-in (r&bln), n. A bird. Rob-in-Good-fel-low (V&b-in- giid'feTl6), n. A fairy ; puck. Ro-bttst (ro-busf), a. Vigorous, strong, firm. Ro-bust-ness (r6-bust'n£s), n. State of being robust ; great strength. Roc-am-bole (r6k'am r bdle), n. A kind of wild garlic. Roche-Al-um (r6tsh-al'lum), ) *Rock-Al-um (r6k-al'lum), J n ' A kind of pure alum. Rock (r&k), n. A vast mass of stone ; defense ; protection : — v. t., to shake ; to move a cradle ; to cause to move to and fro : v. i., to move from side to side, or forwards and backwards. Rock-et (rSk'kit), n. A prepara- tion of gunpowder, used for sig- nals, for display, and as a weapon of war ; a plant. Rock-i-ness (r6k'e v ne ! s), n. State of being rocky. Rock-Oil (r&k'6il), n. Petroleum. Rock-salt (r6k'salt), n. Mineral salt. Rock-work (r&k'wurk), n. Stones fixed in mortar, in imitation of rocks. Rock-y (r&k'ke), a. [rockier — rockiest.] Full of rocks, hard. Rod, n. A long twig; an instru- ment for measuring, or of cor- rection ; a measure of length, containing 5£ lineal yards; a measure of surface, containing 30£ square yards; a square or lineal pole or perch. Rode, pst. t. and p.prf. of ride. *Ro-dent (ro'dent), a. Gnawing, as an animal. *R,od-o-mon-tade ( v r6d-6-m6n- tade'),w. An empty, noisy boast, bluster. I Roe (r&), n. The female of the hart ; the eggs of fish. *Roe-buck (r6'buk), n. A deer, the male of the roe, the hart. Ro-ga-tion (rd-ga'shun), n. Sup- plication ; litany. Rogue (r6g), n. A knave; a sly fellow; a wag. [205-2.] Rogu-er-y (r6g'iir N re), n. Kna- vish tricks or practices. *Rogu-ish (rdg'lsh), a. Dishonest, knavish; waggish. Rogu-ish-ly (rdg'ish'le), ad. Like a rogue. Rogu-ish-ness (rog'ish'nSs), n. Roguery; archness. R6il, v. t. To render turbid; to disturb. Roil-y (rdil'e), a. [roilier — roiliest.] Turbid. Rois-ter-er (rdis'tur^ur), n. A blustering fellow. Roll (r61e), v. t. To move in a circle; to press with a roller; to beat, as a drum ; to in- wrap ; in Printing, to ink types : — v. i. y to run on wheels ; to per- form a periodical revolution ; to revolve on its axis : — n., a mass made round ; a register ; a cata- logue; a thing rolled; 60 skins of parchment ; act of rolling. Rol-ler (r6 / lur) f n. Any thing turning on its own axis; fillet; bandage ; a cylinder with which types are inked ; a heavy cylin- der for levelling walks. R ° L " LIC 1 (r&l'llk), v. i. \ To Rol-lick j v n I move about in an idle, swaggering J manner. Rol-ling-Pin (r6riing v pin), n. A j roller for moulding paste. Rol-ling-Press (r61'llng v pr^s), w. A press for calendering cloth, for ; copperplate printing, &g. Rol'ling- n Press-es, n. pi. Rom'age. See rummage. Ro-ma-ic (ro-ma'ik), n. The mod- ern Greek language. BOO ROP n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pound — ^in, this. ROS Ro-man (r6'man), a. Relating to Rome ; popish: — n., a native of Rome. Ro-mance (r6-manse'), n. A tale of wild adventures in war or love; a novel; a fiction [68-31] : — v. %., to lie ; to forge ; to write fictitious stories.f Ro-man'cing, p. prs. Ro-man-cer (r6-man'sur), n. A forger of tales ; a writer of ro- mances. Ro-man-ism (r6'manlzm). n. The doctrines of the ChurcB&f Rome. Ro-max-ist (r6'manlst), n. One who belongs to the Church of Rome, or believes in its doc- trines. Ro-man-ize (r6'man^ize), v. t. To Latinize ; to convert to Ro- manism. Ro'man v i-zing, p. prs. Ro-man-tic (r6-nian'tik), a. Wild, fanciful; full of wild scenery; fictitious ; improbable. [130-23.] [214-12.] Ro-man-ti-cal-ly (rft-man'te^kal- le), ad. Wildly; fancifully. Ro-MAN-Ti-ciSM(r6-man'te v slzm),w. State of being romantic. Ro-man-tic-ness (r6-man'tlk v nes), n. Wildness; fancifulness. Rom-ish (rdm'ish), a. Relating to Rome or to the Church of Rome. R6mp, n. A rude, awkward girl : — v. i., to play rudely. Romp-ish (ronip'ish), a. Inclined to romp. Ron-deau (r&n-d6'), } n. A kind Ron-do (r6n'dd), J of an- cient poetry ; music in three strains; a jig. RON-DEAUX', *\ **Ron-deaus', > n. pi. Ron'dos, J R66d, n. The fourth part of an acre ; a cross. R66f, n. The cover of a house; the palate : — v. t. } to cover with a roof. Roof-less (r66fles), a. Having no roof; uncovered. Rook (ruk or rS6k), n. A bird; a cheat; a piece at chess: — v. i. or v. t., to cheat; to defraud. Rook-er-y (ruk'ur v re or r66k'ur- v re), n. A nursery of rooks. Rook'er x ies, n. pi. Rook-y (riik'e or r66k'e), a. In- habited by rooks. R66m, n. Space; stead, place of another; an apartment: — v. i., to occupy an apartment. Room-i-ness (r66m'e y nes), n. State of being spacious. Room-y (r&oin'e), a. [roomier — roomiest.] Spacious; wide. R66st, n. That on which a bird sits to sleep: — v. i., to sleep, as a bird. RoosT-ER(r66st'ur), n. One that roosts ; the male of the common hen. R66t, n. That part of a plant which rests in the ground, and supplies the stems with nourish- ment; the original; first cause: — v. i., to fix the root; to impress deeply; to strike far into the earth ; to turn up earth : — v. t., to radicate; to extirpate, (out.) Root'ed, p. prf.: — a., fixed ; deep ; radical. Root-ed-ly (r66t'ed x le), ad. Fix- edly; deeply; strongly. Root-let (r66t'let), n. A little root. Root-y (r66t'e), a. Full of roots. R6pe, n. A cord, a string, a hal- ter: — v. i., to draw out into threads, as viscous matter. Ro'ping, p. prs. Rope-dan-cer (r6pe' v dan-sur), n. One who dances or walks on a stretched rope. Rope-walk (r6pe'wawk), ) Rop-er-y (r6p'ur v re), J n A place where ropes are made. Rop'er x ies, n. pi. Ro-pi-ness (r6'pe'nes), n. Stringi- ness, viscosity. | (r&k'e'lSr), n. Ro-py (rd'pe), a. [ropier — ro- piest.] Stringy, viscous, glu- tinous. ROQ-UE-LAUR *ROQ-UE-LAURE A man's cloak. Ro-rif-er-ous (rd-rifur^us), a. Producing dew. Ro-sa-ceous (r6-za , shus), a. Re- sembling, or consisting of, roses. Ro-sa-ry (ro'zaVe), n. A string of beads ; a bed of roses ; a chap- let. [115-20.] Ro'sa n ries, n. pi. Rose (r6ze), n. A flower : — pst. t. of rise. *Ro-se-ate (r6'zhelt), a. Rosy; full of roses. Rose-ma-ry (r6ze'ma x re), n. A fragrant plant. Rose'ma n ries, n. pi. *Ro-set (r6'zet), n. A red color for painters. *Ro-sette (r6-zet'), n. An imita- tion of a rose made of ribbon. Rose-wa-ter (r6ze'Va-tur), n. Water distilled from roses. Rose-wood (roze'wtid), n. A fine wood from the Tropics. *Ros-i-cru-cian (VSz-e-kru'shan), n. A visionary philosopher; an alchemist. *Ros-in (rSzln), n. Inspissated turpentine : — v. t., to rub with rosin : — see resin. Ro-si-ness (r6'ze v nes), n. State of being rosy. Ros-in-y (r&z'in v e), a. Resembling rosin. Ros-tral (rds'tral), a. Resembling the beak of a ship. Ros-trate (r6s / trit), a. Fur- nished with a beak. Ros-trum (r6s'trum), n. The beak of a bird or ship; a pulpit or platform. ROS'TRA, 71. pi. Ro-sy (ro'ze), a. [rosier — rosi- est.] Resembling a rose; bloom- ing; blushing. 439 ROU ROU Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m6ve, ROY R6t, v. i. To putrefy: — v. t., to make putrid: — n., a distemper among sheep; putrefaction, decay. Rot'ting, p. prs. Rot'ted, p. prf. Ro-ta-ry (r6'ta N re), a. Whirling, as a wheel ; rotatory. Ro-tate (ro'tate), v. t. or v. i. To move around. Ro-tate (r6'tit), a. "Wheel-shaped. Ro't acting, p. prs. Ro-ta-tion (rd-ta/shtin), n. Act of whirling round ; succession. Ro-ta-tive (r6'taHiv), j Ro-ta-tor-y (rd'ta v tur-re), J Turning on an axis ; causing ro- tation; whirling. R6te, n. Repetition of words with- out rule, or without comprehen- sion of the sense. Rot-ten (r&t'tn), a. Putrid; un- sound; defective. Rot-ten-ness (r&t'tn N nes), n. State of being rotten, putridness. Ro-tund (r6-tund'), a. Round. Ro-tund-i-ty (ro-tund'eHe), n. Roundness, sphericity. #Ro-tun-da (r6-tun'da), ) Ro-tun-do (r6-tun'd6), J n ' A circular building. Ro-tun'das, J , Ro-tun'does, j n ' * " *Rou-E(r66-a')n.A dissipated man. *Rouge (r66zh), n. Paint for the face : — v. t. or v. i. y to paint with rouge : — a., red. Rough (ruf), a. Rugged; severe; harsh, uneven; inelegant, coarse, not polished. Rough-cast (ruf kast),v.£. [rough- cast — roughcast.] To form a thing in its rudiments; to cover with coarse plaster: — n., a rude model; a coarse plaster. Rough-draught (ruf draft), n. A draught in its rudiments; an outline; a sketch. Rough-draw (ruf draw), v. t. or v. i. [ROUGHDREW ROUGHDRAWN.] To trace coarsely. 440 Rough-en (ruffn), v. t. To make rough : — v. i., to grow rough. *"Rough-hew (rufhu or ruf-hu')> V. t. [ROUGHHEWED ROUGH- HEWED or roughhewn.] To hew coarsely. Rough-ly (rufle), ad. Harshly, rudely, with roughness. Rough-ness (ruf nes), n. Uneven- ness; harshness; severity. Rough-shod (riif sh6d), a. Having the feet fitted with roughened shoes. Rou-leau (r66-16'), n. A little roll. '•Rou-leaux', n. pi. -Rou-lette (r&6-lef), n. A small wheel ; a game of chance. Rounce (rdunse), n. The handle of a printing-press; a game with dominos. RduND, a. Circular; like a circle; full ; smooth ; plain : — n., a cir- cle ; an orb ; step of a ladder ; a revolution ; a walk : — ad., on all sides, every way : — prp., about ; on every side of: — v. t., to make circular: — v. i.,to become round. Round-a-bout (r6und'a v b6ut), a. Ample ; circuitous, indirect : — n., a jacket. Roun-de-lay (r6un'de x la), n. A kind of ancient poetry; rondeau. Round-head (round'hed), n. A Puritan. Round-house (rSund'hduse), n The constable's prison; an offi cer's room in a ship. Round-hous-es (rdund'hduzlz), n. pi. Round-ish (r6und'ish), a. Some- what round. Round-let (rdiind'let), n. A little circle. Round-ly (rdund'le), ad. In a round form ; plainly, openly. Round-ness (roiind'nes), n. Cir cularity, openness; boldness. Round-rob-in (r6und'r6bln), n. A petition signed with the names in a circle. Rouse (r6uze), v. t. To wake from rest ; to excite to thought or action ; to stir : — v. i., to start, to awake. Rous'ing, p. prs. Rous-er (r6uz'ur), n. One who rouses. Roust, n. A strong tide. "*"R6ut, n. A clamorous multitude, a rabble ; confusion of an army defeated or dispersed; a large evening party [98-36] : — v. t., to dissipate and put into confusion by deftffit. * Route (r6iit or r&6t), n. Road, way; march. *Rou-tine (r66-teen'), n. Custom, practice, regular course. R6ve, v. i. To ramble; to wander; to range, (ap. p. — about, over.) Ro'ving, p. prs. Ro-ver (r6'vur), n. A wanderer ; a pirate. Row (r6), n. A rank or file ; a number of things ranged in a line : — v. i., to urge or impel a boat with oars. Row (rdu), n. A riot. Row-dy (rdu'de), n. A turbulent, riotous fellow: — a., riotous, tur- bulent. Row-el (r6u/il), n. The wheel of a spur ; a seton : — v. t., to pierce the skin and keep the wound open by a rowel or seton. Row'ei/ing, \ aaat0 Row'EL-ED, | f --Row'ell-ed, j l r J Row-en (rM'en), n. Second crop of grass. Row-er (r6'ur), n. One who rows. Row-lock (rd'lSk), n. That part of the gunwale of a boat on which the oar rests. Roy-al (roe'al), a. Kingly, regal, noble, illustrious [279-13] : — n. f a kind of paper ; a sail. Roy-al-ism (roe'allzm), n. At- tachment to royalty. RUB RUF n6r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, this. RUM Roy-al-ist (r6e'al v ist), n. Adhe- rent to a king.f Roy-al-ize (roe'aPlze), v. t. To make royal. Roy'al x iz-ing, p. prs. Roy-al-ly (r6e'al v le), ad. In a kingly manner. Roy-al-ty (r6e'al v t&), n. Office or character of a king ; the sove- reign. [144-33.] [257-17.] Roy'al v ties, n. pi. Rub, v. t. To move one thing upon another with pressure (ap.p. — on, against, with, upon); to wipe; to scour; to polish (up); to clean or curry (down) ; to fret; to chafe; to erase by friction (out or off) ; to cause to enter by rub h'mg(ap. p. — in): — v. %., to move on the surface of a body with pressure; to fret; to chafe; to work through difficulties (ap. p. — through) : — n., friction ; diffi- culty ; collision; sarcastic joke; rebuke. Rub'bing, p. prs. Rub'bed, p. prf. Rub-ber (rub'bur), n. One who rubs; a coarse file; two games out of three ; gum-elastic. Rub-bish (rub'blsh), n. Ruins of a building; fragments; anything worthless. [185-8.] Rub-ble (rub'bl), n. Rough stone; builder's rubbish. *Ru-CE-FA-ciENT(V66-be-fa , shlnt) a. Making red : — n., a medicine which causes redness. Ru-BE-PAc-TioN( v r66-be-fak r shun), ». The act of producing redness. *Ru-bes-cent (r66-beVsent), a. Tending to a red color. *Ru-bi-can (r66'be x kan), a. Bay, sorrel, or black, with some white. *Ru-bi-cund (rdo'be N kund), a. In- clined to redness. Ru-bied (r66'bld), a. Red, like a ruby. Rtt-bif-ig (r6S-bifik), a. Ma- king red. Ru-ble (r66'bl), n. A Russian silver coin, worth about seventy- five cents. Rtt-bric (r6S'brik), n. Directions printed in books of law, and in prayer-books : — a., red. Ru-bri-cal (r66'bre x kal), a. Ac- cording to the rubric; red. Rr:-BY (r66'b6), n. A precious stone of a red color : — a., of the color of ruby ; red. Ru'bies, n. pi. Rud-der (rud'dur), n. An instru- ment for steering a vessel. Rud-di-ness (rud'de'nes), n. State of being ruddy. Rud-dle (rud'dl), n. Red earth. Rud-dy (riid'de), a. [ruddier — ruddiest.] Approaching to red- ness, florid. [95-16.] Rude (r66d), a. Rough ; coarse of manners ; harsh; uncivil; igno- rant, untaught. Rude-ly (r66d'le), ad. In a rude manner, unskilfully. Rude-ness (r&6d'n£s), n. Rough- ness, incivility.[54-16.] [252-21.] Ru-di-ment (roO'deWnt), n. First principle, first element of science. Ru-Di-MENT-AL( N r66-de-m§nt / al),«. Initial, relating to first principles. Ru-di-ment-a-ry ( x r66-de-m£nt'a- N re), a. Rudimental. Rue (rS&), v. t. To grieve for; to lament bitterly : — n. y an herb. Ruling, p. prs. *Rue-ful (r66'ful), a. Mournful ; expressing sorrow. Rue-ful-ly (r66'furie), ad. Sor- rowfully, mournfully. Ruff, n. A ruffle; a gathered linen ornament ; a small fish ; a bird : — v. t., to ruffle ; to disorder. *Ruff-ian (rdfyan), n. A brutal fellow; a robber; a murderer: — a., brutal; cruel. Ruff-ian-ism (rufyanlzm), n. Conduct of a ruffian, brutality. Ruff-ian-ly (ruf'yanle), ad. Like a ruffian. Ruf-fle (ruf'fl), v. t. To discom- pose; to disturb [359-11] : — v.i., to grow rough; to flutter; to jar: — n., plaited linen ; contention. Ruf'fling, p. prs. Rug, n. A coarse, woollen cloth. Rug-ged (rug'gid), a. Boisterous ; rough ; violent, harsh. [243-20.] Rug-ged-ly (rug'gid'le), ad. In a rugged manner, harshly. RuG-GED-NESS(rug'gid x ne : s), n. The state of being rugged, roughness. Ru-gose (r66-g6se' o>*r56'g6se), a. Full of wrinkles. Ru-in (r66'in), n. Fall; destruc- tion, loss of happiness or fortune; overthrow; remains: — v. t., to demolish; to destroy; to spoil. Ru-in-a-tion (V65-in-a/shun), n. Demolition, ruin. Ru-in-ous (r66'ln x us), a. Fallen to ruin ; destructive, causing ruin. Ru-in-ous-ly (r661n\\s-le), ad. In a ruinous manner, destructively. Rule (r661), n. Government, sway, direction; an established mode of proceeding ; a standard ; a canon ; an instrument by which lines are directed : — v. t., to man- age; to direct; to control; to mark with lines: — v.i., to have power ; to exercise command, (ap.p, — over.) Ru'ling, p. prs.: — a., controlling. Ru-LER(rd6'lur),7i. One who rules; an instrument by which lines are directed. Rum, n. A distilled spirit. Rum-ble (rarn'bl), v. i. To make a hoarse, low noise. Rum'bling, p. prs. Ru-men (rd&'men), n. The first stomach of ruminating animals. *Ru-mi-nant (rd&'me x nant), a. Chewing the cud : — n., an animal that chews the cud. Ru-mi-nate (r66'me x nate), v. t. To chew over again; to muse on: — v.i., to chew the cud; to medi- tate; to muse. [170-1.] Ru'mi x na-ting, p. prs. 441 RUN RUS Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, mh — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, RYE R u-mi-na-tion fr6o-me-na'shun ), n. Act of chewing the cud; meditation, musing. Ru-mi-na-tor (r66'me N na-tur), n. One that ruminates. Rum-mage (rum'mije), v.i. orv.t. To search with tumult: — n., active search, bustle : — sometimes writ- ten ROMAGE. Rum'ma'ging, p. prs. Ru-mor (r66'mur), n. A flying report ; common talk ; fame [127-25]: — v. L, to report abroad. Rum-ple (rum'pl), v. t. To pucker, to wrinkle; to crumple: — n., a wrinkle ; rough plait. Rum'pling, p. prs. Rum-pus (rum'pus), n. A dis- turbance. Rum'pus^es, n. pi. Run, v. i. [ran or run — run.] To move swiftly ; to flow ; to melt; to pass (ap. p. — through, from, between); to proceed; to extend ; to grow rapidly ; to dis- charge pus ; to be a candidate ; to attack (ap. p. — at) ; to come into collision (ap.p. — into); to in- cur, as danger or debt (ap.p. — in, into); to come to an end (out): — v. t., to pierce (ap. p. — through); to thrust (ap. p. — through, into, up); to drive; to melt; to smug- gle ; to cause to run or ply ; to recount hastily (ap.p. — over); to strike against and sink, or crush, as a ship (down); to spend (ap. p. — through) ; to pass the eye over hastily (ap. p. — over) ; to compute (ap) : — n., act of run- ning; course; process; a small stream ; continued success of an entertainment, &c. ; general de- mand for payment, as at a bank; distance passed, or to be passed, over; voyage, race; prevalent sort, as the run of mankind. Run'ning, p. prs. *Run-a-gate (run'a x gate), n. A fugitive ; a renegade. 442 Run-a-way (runTwa), n. A de- serter ; a fugitive. Run-ule (run'dl), n. A step of a ladder; a round. Rund-let (nind'llt), n. A small barrel ; a runlet. Rune (r66n), n. A Runic letter. Rung. pst. t. and p. prf. of ring. Ru-nic (ru'nlk), a. Denoting the old Scandinavian language : — n., the language of the ancient Scandinavians. Run-let (run'lel), n. A small stream, a rundlet, a runnel. Run-nel (run'n^l), n. A runlet. Run-ner (run'nur), n. One who runs ; a racer ; the sliding tim- ber of a sled or sleigh. Run-net (run'nit), n. A liquor used to coagulate milk; the pre- pared inner stomach of a calf: — often written rennet. Runn-ion (run'yun), n. A paltry wretch. Runt, n. A stunted animal. *Ru-pee (r66-pee'), n. An East Indian coin, in silver, valued at 50 cents, in gold, $7.10. Rup-ture (rup'tshur), n. The act of breaking; breach of peace; hernia : — v. t., to break or burst. Rup'tu n ring, p. prs. Ru-ral (r66'ral), a. Existing in the country; suiting the coun- try, rustic. [24-8.] [248-15.] Ru-ral-ist (r66'ral v ist), n. One who leads a rural life. *Ruse (r66z), n. Stratagem, a trick. Rush, n. A plant; a violent course : — v. i., to move with vio- lence, (ap.p. — against, on, upon.) Rush'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Rush-i-ness (rush'e v nes), n. State of being full of rushes. Rush-light (rush'lite), n. A candle made of rush ; a small taper. Rush-y (rush'e), a. Abounding with, or made of, rushes. Rusk, n. Hard bread; a kind of sweetened biscuit. *Rus-set (rus'sit), a. Reddish brown ; coarse. [37-9.] Rus-set-ing (rus'sitlng), n. A kind of apple. Rust, n. The red incrustation of iron ; the corroded surface of a metal ; a disease in grain : — v. ?'., to gather rust; to degen- erate : — v. £., to make rusty. Rus-tic (rus'tik) ; a. Rural; rude; plain ; artless [24-28] [302-16] : — n., a clown; an inhabitant of the country. Rus-ti-cal (rus'te^kal), a. Rough; unadorned; rural. Rus-ti-cal-ly (rus'te x kal-le), ad. Rudely, inelegantly. Rus-ti-cate (rus'te v kate), v. i. To reside in the country : — v. t., to banish to the country for a time from a town or college. Rus'ti x ca-ting, p. prs. Rus-Ti-cA-TioN(Yiis-te-ka'shun),?i. Resideuce or exile in the country. *Rus-tic-i-ty (rus-tis'se v t6), n. Ru- ral appearance, rustic manner. Rus-ticYtjes, n. pi. Rust-i-ly (rust'e'le), ad. In a rusty manner or state. Rust-i-ness (rust'eWs), n. State of being rusty. Rus-tle (rus'sl), v. i. To make a low, continued rattle, like leaves in motion. [376-5.] Rus'tling, p. prs. Rust-y (rust'e), a. [rustier — rustiest.] Covered with rust. Rut, n. The track of a wheel. Ruth (xbbth), n. Pity, tenderness. Ruth-less (rbbth'Us), a. Cruel, pitiless. [64-32.] f Ruth-less-ly (rbbth'\&s y l&), ad. Cruelly. Ruth-less-ness (rbbth'\&s y n&s), n. Want of pity. Rut-ty (rut'te), a. [ruttier — ruttiest.] Full of ruts. Rye (rl), n. A kind of coarse, esculent grain of which bread is made. SAC SAC n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 511- -pMnd — thin, this. SAF S(es), n. The nineteenth letter and the fourteenth consonant is also a semi-vowel. The name is written Ess, the plural of j which is Esses. It is the contrac tion of south, Sunday, solidus (a shilling), and sulphur. S.P.Q.R. stand for Senatus, Populusquc Romanus (Senate and People of Rome), and s.a. for secundum artem (according to art). Sa-ba-oth (sk-bk'bth or sab'a x 6fft), n. Armies, hosts. SAB-BA-TA-Ri-Ax( v sab-ba-ta/re x an), a. Pertaining to the Sabbath : — ?i v one who observes the seventh day of the week instead of the first. Sab-bath (sab'ba^A), n. A day of rest and worship ; Sunday. Sab-bath-Break-er (sab'baM- 'bra-kur), n. One who profanes the Sabbath. Sab-bat-ic (sab-bat'ik), | *SAB-BAT-i-CAL(sab-bat'e v kal) j a ' Pertaining to the Sabbath. Sa-ber. See sabre. *Sa-bi-ax-is:m (sa/be'an-izm), n. Worship of the sun, moon, &c. Sa-bi-xa, Sab-ine. Sa-ble (sa'bl), n. An animal and its fur : — a., black, dark, Sa-ber ) , -.,, 3 x f A kind of •Sa-bm j ( Si bur) ' "■ j sword : v. t. f to strike with a sabre, Sa'ber^txg, *Sa'brix Sa'ber-ed, ) /. *Sa'brei>, \P-Prf- Sac (sak), n. In Anatomy, a little bag, or a shut cavity. *Sac-cade (sak-kade'), n. A sud- den check given to a horse. *Sac-cha-rine (sak'kaVlne or sak'- kaMn), a. Of the nature of sugar. *Sac-er-do-tal (^sas-e'r-do'tal), a. Pertaining to priests, priestly. See savin. 'iXG, } feo, '\P-Pr*- Sach-el. See satchel. *Sa-chem (sa'tshem), n. The title of some American Indian chiefs. Sack (sak), n. A bag; the meas- ure of three bushels ; a woman's loose robe; Canary wine; pil- lage of a town ; 224 pounds of coal; 280 pounds of flour: — v.t., to put in bags ; to pillage. Sack-age (sak'ije), n. The act of plundering. Sack-but (sak'biit), n. A kind of trumpet, a trombone. Sack-cloth (sak'kl&iA or sak'- klkwth), n. Coarse cloth of which sacks are made. Sack-cloths (sak'kldraz or sak'- klawTHz), n. pi. Sack-er (sak'ur), n. One who plunders a town. Sack-ful (sak'ful), n. The con- tents of a filled sack. Sack-Pos-set (sak-p&s'sit), n. A beverage made of milk and sack. Sac-ra-mext (sak'ra v ment), n. An oath; baptism; the holy com- munion. [149-19.] [345-8.] Sac-ra-ment-al (*sak-ra-ment'al), %. Relating to a sacrament. SAc-RA-MEXT-AL-LYfsak-ra-me : nt / - al v le)arf.In a sacramental manner. Sac-ra-mext-a-ry ( N sak-ra-menf- a x re), a. Pertaining to the sac- rament; sacramental. Sa-cred (sa'krM), a. Holy, con- secrated. [94-3.] [332-10.] Sa-cred-ly (sa'kred x le), ad. Re- ligiously ; inviolably. Sa-cred-xess (sa'kre'd'ne's), n. Ho- liness, sanctity. Sa-crif-ic (sa-krifik), a. Used in sacrifice. Sac-ri-fice (sakWfize), v. t. To offer to Heaven ; to devote with loss ; to destroy : — v. L, to offer sacrifices [68-9] [268-18] :—n., the act of offering to Heaven ; the thing offered ; a thing destroyed for the sake of something else oblation. [33-8.] [219.] *Sac'riY[-cixg, p. prs. *Sac-ri-fi-cer (sak're x fl-zur), n. One who sacrifices. Sac-ri-fi-cial ( N sak-re-fish'al), a. Performing sacrifice. Sac-ri-lege (sak'reTije), n. The crime of robbing a church; a violation of things sacred. -SAC-Ri-LE-GiOTJS( N sak-re-le'jus),a. Violating things sacred. Sac-ri-le-gious-ly ( x sak-re-le'jus- x le), ad. With sacrilege. Sac-ri-le-gious-ness ( x sak-re-l£'- jusWs), n. Sacrilege. Sac-ris-tan (sak'ris x tan), n. A sexton. *Sac-ris-ty (sak'ris x te), n. An apartment where the consecrated vessels or movables of a church are deposited. Sac'ris x ties, n. pi. Sad, a. Sorrowful, gloomy. Sad-den (sad'dn), v. t. To make sad. Sad-dle (sad'dl), n. A seat put upon a horse for the accommo- dation of a rider: — v. t., to cover with a saddle ; to load. Sad'dlixg, p. prs. Sad-dler (sad'dlur), n. One who makes saddles. Sad-dler-y (sad'diur x £), n. The trade or materials of a saddler. Sad-dle-Tree (sad'dl x tre£), n. The frame of a saddle. *Sad-dtj-ce-ax ( x sad-du-se'an), a. Relating to the Sadducees. *Sad-dtj-cee (sad'du x s&e), n. One of a Jewish sect which denied the resurrection. *Sad-du-cism (sad'du'sizm), n. The tenets of the Sadducees. Sad-i-rox (sad ,x i-urn or sad r i-run), n. A flat iron. Sad-ly (sad'le), ad. Mournfully. Sad-xess (sad'nes), n. Dejection of mind ; sorrowfulness. Safe, a. Free from danger; se- cure: — n., a pantry; a place of safety. 443 SAG SAL Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, m^t — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, SAL Safe-Con-duct (safe-k&n'dukt), n. Convoy ; warrant to pass. Safe-guard (safe'gard), n. De- fense, security ; passport Safe-Keep-ing (s£fe' v keep-ing), n. Act of preserving from injury. Safe-ly (safe'16), ad. In a safe manner, without injury. Safe-ness (safe'nes), V n. Free- Safe-ty (safe't&), J dom from danger, security. Safe-ty-Lamp (safe'te v lamp), n. A lamp covered with wire gauze, used for protection in mines. Safe-ty-Valve (safe'teValv), n. A valve in a steam boiler to pre- vent explosions. *Saf-fron (saf run), n. A plant and its yellow flower : — a., yel- low, like saffron. Sag, v. i. To settle ; to bend under weight. Sag'ging, p. prs. Sag'ged, p. prf. Sa-ga-cious (sa-ga'shus), a. Quick of scent or thought ; judicious; wise ; discerning. Sa-ga-cious-ly (sa-ga'shus v le), ad. With sagacity.' *Sa-gac-i-ty (sa-gas'seHe), n. Pen- etration ; acuteness ; quickness of scent. [236-2.] *"Sag-a-more (sag'a x m6re), n. An American Indian chief. Sage (saje), n. A plant; a phi- losopher [361-13] : — a., prudent, wise, judicious, discerning. Sage-ly (saje'l&), ad. Prudently, wisely. Sage-ness (saje'n£s), n. Wisdom; gravity. *Sag-it-tal (saj'itftal), a. Like, or belonging to, an arrow. *Sag-it-ta-ri~us (Nsaj-lt-ta're'us), n. The Archer ; one of the signs of the zodiac. Sag-it-ta-ry (saj'itHa-r&), n. A centaur : — a., relating to an arrow. ^Sag'itVa-ries, n. pi. 444 Sa-go (sa'g6), n. A kind of mealy substance obtained from the pith of the palm-tree. Said (sfid), pst. t. nndp.prf. of say. Sail (sale), n. A-canvas sheet; a ship ; a vessel : — v. t., to cause to sail : — v. ?'., to be moved by the wind with sails ; to pass by sea. *Sail-a-ble (sale'a^bl), a. Navi gable ; capable of sailing. *Sail-er (sale'ur), n. A vessel that sails. *Sail-less (salens), a. Without sails. *Sail-Loft (sale'16ft), n. A room where sails are made. *Sail-or (sale'ur), n. A seaman; a mariner. Sail-Yard (sale'yard), n. The pole on which a sail is extended. Saint (sant), n. A person emi- nent for piety; a holy or Canon- ized person : — v. t., to canonize. Saint'ed, p. prf. : — a., pious. Saint-ly (sant'le), a. Becoming a saint, pious. Saint-ship (sant'sblp), n. The state or character of a saint. Sake, n. Final cause ; regard to; end. Sal, n. In Chemistry, a salt. *Sal-a-ble (sale'a^bl), a. Fit for sale. Sal-a-ble-ness (sale'a x bl-n£s), n. State of being salable. SA-LA-cious(sa-la'shus),a. Lustful. Sa-lac-i-ty (sa-las'se v te), n. Lust. *Sal-ad (sal'ad), n. Food of raw herbs: — a., noting the oil of olives. Sal-a-man-der (sal'a x man-dur), ra. An animal fabled to live in fire. SAL-A-MAN-DRiNE( N sal-a-man / drin) a. Enduring fire; like a sala- mander. Sal-a-ry (sal'aVe), n. Annual payment, stated hire, wages, pay. Salaries, n. pi. Sale, n. The act of selling; auction. *Sal-e-ra-tus ( x sal-£-ra'tus), n. A carbonate of potash used in cookery. Sales-man (salz'man), n. A man employed to sell. Sales'men, n. pi. Sale-work (sale'wurk), n. Work made for sale. Sal-ic (sal'ik), a. Excluding fe- males from the throne. *Sa-li-ent (sa'le v ent), a. Bound- ing,leaping; projecting. [265-17.] Sa-lif-er-ous (sa-lifeYus), a. Containing salt. *Sal-i-fi-a-ble ( r sal-e-fl'a x bl), a. Capable of becoming a salt. Sal-i-fi-ca-tion (^sal-e^-ka'- shun), n. Act of salifying. *Sal-i-fy (sal'e'fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, salifies.] To change into a salt by chemical action. Sal'i x fi-ed, p. prf. Sa-line (sa-line'), a. Consisting of salt, briny : — n., a salt spring. Sa-li-va (sa-li'va), n. Spittle. Sal-i-val (sal'eVal), *Sal-i-va-ry (sal'eVa-re), j a# Relating to spittle ; secreting saliva. Sal-i-vate (sal'eVate), v. t. To excite an undue secretion of saliva. SalVva-ting, p. prs. Sal-i-va-tion (Nsal-^-va'shun), n. Act of salivating. Sal-low (sal'16), a. Yellow; sick- ly : — »., a tree. Sal-low-ness (salWne's), n. Yel- lowness; paleness. Sal-ly (sal'le), n. Quick egress ; frolic [280-23] :—v. i., to issue suddenly. [94-32.] Sal'lies, n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. Sal'li-ed, p. prf. Sal-ly-port (sal'le v p6rt), w. A gate at which sallies are made. *~Sal-ma-gun-di ( x sal-ma-gun'de), n. A mixture of chopped meat and pickled herrings, with oil, vinegar, pepper, and onions. SAL BAN nSr, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p5und — thin, this. SAN Salm-on (sam'un), n. sing. erndpl. A fish. *Sa-loon (sa-16&n'), n. A spacious hall, or room. [96-32.] [302-16.] Sal-si-fy (sal'se v fe), n. A plant; the oyster-plant. Sal'siVies, n. pi. Salt, n. A substance used for seasoning ; muriate of soda ; taste; wit; a body formed by combining an acid with a base : — a., having the taste of salt, briny : — v. t., to season with salt. Sal-taxt (sal'tant), a. Leaping, jumping. Sal-ta-tiox (sal-ta'shun), n. The act of jumping; a leaping. Sal-ta-tor-y (sal'ta N tur-re), a. Adapted to leaping. *Salt-cel-lar (salt'seTlur), n. A vessel for salt set on the table. Salt-erx (salt'urn), n. A place for making salt. SALT-iSH(salt'ish), a. Somewhat salt. SALT-NESs(salt'nes),n. Taste of salt. Salt-pe-ter ) , .,. i,.» N ftvJ .,. _ „ \ (salt-pe'tur), n. ^bALT-PE-TRE J v r " Nitrate of potash. *Salt-rheum (salt'rodm), n. A disease of the skin. Sa-lu-bri-ous (sa-lu'breMs), a. Healthful, salutary. Sa-lu-bri-ty (sa-lu'breH£), n. Wholesomeness, healthfulness. Sal-tj-ta-ri-xess (saluHa-reWs), n. The state of being salutary. Sal-u-ta-ry (sal'u v ta-r?), a. Ad- vantageous; wholesome. [149-31.] Sal-u-ta-tiox ( y sal-u-ta'shun), n. The act of saluting, greeting. Sa-lute (sa-lute'), v. t. To hail ; to greet ; to kiss : — n., saluta- tion; a kiss; a discharge of cannon. Sa-lu'tixg, p. prs. Sal-ya-bil-i-ty ( x sal-va-bil'le N te) Sal-va-ble-xess (sal'va x bl-n§s), n. Possibility of being saved. Sal-va-ble (sal'va v bl), a. Possi- ble to be saved. *Sal-vage (sal'vije), n. A rec- ompense for saving goods from a wreck. Sal-va-tiox (sal-va'shun), n. State of being saved; preservation from eternal death. *Sal-va-tor-y (sal'va N tur-r&), n. A place where any thing is pre- served. Sal'va x tor-ies, n. pi. Salve (sav or sav), n. A cerate ; an ointment; a remedy : — v. t. f to cure with a salve. Saly'ixg, p. prs. Sal-ver (sal'vur), n. A plate on which any thing is presented. Sal-vo (sal r v6), n. An excuse; an exception; a reservation; a sa- lute of artillery. Sal'voes, ) 7 Sal'vos, \ n -P l - Same, a. Identical, similar. Same-xess (same'nSs), n. Identity, not diversity. *SA-Mi-EL(sa'me^l),n. The simoom. Samp, n. Food made of broken maize. *Sam-phire (sam'flr), n. A plant. Sam-ple (sam'pl), n. A specimen; a part presented for inspection. Sam-pler (sam'plur), n. A pattern of needlework. Sax-a-ble (san'a^bl), a. Curable. Sax-a-tive (san'a'tiv), a. Healing. Saxc-ti-fi-ca-tion ( v sangk-te-fS- ka'shun), n. The act of making holy ; state of being sanctified. Saxc-ti-fi-er (sangk'te x fi-ur), n. The Holy Spirit; one who sanc- tifies. Saxc-ti-fy (sangk'te x fi), v. t. [prs, t. 3, saxctifies.] To consecrate, to make holy. Saxc'ti n fi-ed, p. prf. *SAxc-Ti-MO-xi-ous(^sangk-t&-m6'- ne N us), a. Wearing an air of sanctity, saintly. Saxc-ti-mo-xi-ous-ly ( x sangk-te m6'ne v us-le), ad. With sane timony. 38 Saxc-ti-mo-xi-ous-xess fsangk- t6-md'ne x us-n£s), n. State of be- ing sanctimonious. Saxc-ti-mox-y (sangk'te x mun-ne), n. Holiness, sanctity. Saxc-tiox (sangk'shun), n. Act of confirmation ; authority[261-17]: — v. t., to authorize. Saxc-ti-tude (sangk'teHude), ) Saxc-ti-ty (sangk'te't£), J n% Holiness, sacredness ; goodness. [84-32.] [261.] Saxc-ttj-a-ry (sangk'tshu x a-re), n. A holy place ; a sacred asylum ; house of worship. [147-29.] Saxc'tu x a-ries, n. pi. Saxc-tum (sangk'tum), n. A place of retreat. Saxd, ». Particles of stone, or stone broken to powder: — v. t., to sprinkle with sand. Sax-dal (san'dal), n. A loose shoe; sandal-wood. Sax-dal-Wood (san'darwud), n. A dye-wood from the East Indies. Sax-da-rac > (san'daVak), n. A *Sax-da-rach J gum-resin. Sax-de-ver 1 (san'deVur), n. *Sax-di-ver j Dross found on glass during fusion. Saxd-i-xess (sand'e^nSs), n. State of being sandy. Saxd-stoxe (sand'st6ne), n. Stone of a loose and friable kind. Saxd-wich (sand'witsh), n. Slices of bread with meat placed be- tween them. 'Saxd'wich'es, n. pi. jSaxd-y (sanoYe), a, [saxdier — saxdiest.] Full of, or like, sand. ! Saxe, a. Sound in mind. Sang, pst. t. of sixg. Sax-ga-ree ( x sang-ga-ree')> n. A beverage of sweetened wine, or other liquor, and water. SAX-GUiF-ER-ous(sang-gw!f§r x us), a. Conveying blood. Sax-gui-fi-ca-tiox ( v sang-gwe-fe- ka'shiin), n. The production of blood. 445 SAP SAR Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, SAT San-gui-fy (sang'gweYl), v. i. [prs. I. 3, sanguifies.] To be- come or produce blood. San'gui x fi-ed, p. prf. *San-gui-na-ry (sang'gwe x na-r£), a. Murderous; cruel; bloody. San-guine (sang'gwin), a. Abound- ing with blood ; red ; warm, ar- dent; confident. [55-17.] [271-9.] San guine-ly (sang'gwin^le), ad. Ardently, with confidence. San-gtjine-ness (sang'gwlnWs^n. Confidence, ardor. *San-guin-e-ous (sang-gwln'e x us), a. Abounding with blood. San-he-drim (san'heMriin), n. The chief council of the Jews. *Sa-ni-es (sa'ne^z), n. Thin mat- ter discharged from wounds. *Sa-ni-ous (sa r ne x us), a. Running a thin matter ; serous. San-i-ta-ry (san'e x ta-r&), a. Re- lating to health ; sanative. San-i-ty (san'e x te), n. Soundness of mind ; health. Sank,j>«£. t. of SINK. *Sans (sang or s&nz),prp. Without. San-scrit (san'skrit), n. The an- cient language of India. Sap, n. The vital juice of plants : — v. t., to undermine ; to destroy by digging. Sap'ping, p. prs. Sap'ped, p. prf. SAP-iD(sap'id),a.Palatable,tasteful. Sa-pid-i-ty (sa-pid'e v te), ) Sap-id-ness (sap'ldWs), j The quality of being palatable, Sa-pi-ence (sa'pe x ense), w.Wisdom. Sa-pi-ent (sa'pe'ent), a. Wise. Sap-less (sap'le's), a. Wanting sap, dry. Sap-ling (sap'ling), n. A young tree. [375-5.] *Sap-o-na-ceous ( x sap-6-na'shus), a. Resembling soap, soapy. Sa-pon-i-fy (sa-p6n'e N fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, saponifies.] To convert into soap. Sa-pon'i v fi-ed, p. prf. 446 Sa-por (sa'por), n. Taste, power of stimulating the palate. Sap-o-rif-ic ( x sap-6-riflk), a. Having power to produce taste. Sap-o-rous (sap'6 x rus), a. Taste- ful, savory. Sap-per (sap'pur), n. One who saps ; a military miner. *Sap-phic (safflk), a. Denoting a peculiar measure of verse ; per- taining to Sappho. *Sap-phire ( saffir or saf f Ire), n. A precious stone of a blue color. Sap-phir-ine (saf flrln), a. Made of, or like, sapphire. Sap-pi-ness (s&p'pe x nes), n. Juici- ness. Sap-py (sap'pe), a. [sappier — sappiest.] Juicy, young. Sap-Rot (sap'r6t), n. Dry-rot. Sap-sa-go (sap' x sa-g6), n. A Swiss cheese. Sar-a-band (sar'a x band), n. A Spanish dance. Sar-casm (sar'kazm), n. A keen reproach, bitter irony. [268-12.] Sar-cas-tic (sar-kas'tik), > SAR-CAS-Ti-cAL(sar-kas / te x kal) J °" Keen, taunting, severe. Sar-cas-ti-cal-ly (sar-kas'te x kal- le), ad. Tauntingly. *Sarce-net (sarse'nlt), n. Fine, thin-woven silk. *Sar-coph-a-gous (sar-k&fa x gus), a. Feeding on flesh. *Sar-coph-a-gus (sar-k&f'a x gus), n. A stone coffin ; a kind of stone which rapidly consumes the bodies of the dead. *Sar-coph-a-gi (sar-k&fa x je), ) Sar-coph'a x gus-es, J n. pi. *Sar-coph-a-gy (sar-k&f'a x je), n. The practice of eating flesh. Sar-dine (sar'deen), n. A Medi- terranean fish ; a precious stone. Sar-do-ni-an (sar-d6'ne x an), Sar-don-ic (sar-d6n'lk), Forced or feigned (applied to laughter). '!•• 1- Sard (sard), *Sar-do-nyx (sar'dd x niks), A precious stone : — see chal- cedony. SAR-D0-NYX-ES(sar'd6 x nlks-e 1 s)tt.p?. *SAR-SA-PA-RiL-LA( x sar-sa-pa-rll'- la), n. A medicinal plant: — also written sassaparilla. Sash, n. A belt; a silken band; a window frame. Sash'es, n. pi. *Sas-sa-fras (sas'sa x fras), n. An aromatic tree. Sas-tra. See shaster. Sat, pst. t. and p. prf. of sit. Sa-tan (sa'tan), n. The Devil. Sa-tan-ic (sa-tan'ik), ") Sa-tan-i-cal (sa-tan'e x kal), J Devilish, infernal. Sa-tan-i-cal-ly (sa-tan'e x kal-le), ad. With satanic malice. Sa-tan-ism (sa'tan x izm), n. A di- abolical disposition. *Satch-el (satsh'il), n. A small sack or bag : — sometimes written sachel. Sate, v. t. To satiate. [20.] Sa'ting, p. prs. *Sat-el-lite (sat'eTllte), n. A small planet revolving round a larger ; a follower. [78-14.] Sa-ti-ate (sa r she x ate), v. t. To satisfy; to glut; to cloy, to pall; to fill (ap. p. — with.) Sa'ti x a-ting, p. prs. Sa-ti-ate (sa/shelt), a. Glutted. *Sa-ti-a-tion fsa-she^-a'shun), n. The state of being filled ; satiety. *Sa-ti-e-ty (sa-tl'e x te), n. More than enough, fulness beyond de- sire, surfeit. [354.] Sa-ttVties, n. pi. *Sat-in (sat'in), n. A soft, close, shining silk. Sat-in-et ( x sat-ln-Stf), n. A cloth made of wool and cotton. Sat-ire (satire or sa'tiir), n. A poem or discourse in which wickedness or folly is censured. [198-25.] SAT SAV n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -poiind — thin, THis. SAX #Sa-tir-ic (sa-tir'ik), j a Sa-tir-i-cal (sa-tlr'e^kal), J Belonging to satire, censorious. [192-17.] SA-TiR-i-CAL-LY(sa-tir'e v kal-le),a e-ne s s), n. A pleasing taste or smell. Sa-vor-less (sa'vur'les), a. Want- ing savor. Sa-vor-y (sa'vurVe), a. Pleasing to the taste or smell. [138.] Saw, n. A denticulated instrument for cutting wood or metal; a proverb : — v. t. [sawed — sawed or sawn], to cut with a saw : — v. i.j to use a saw : — pst. t. of see. Saw-dust (saw'dust), n. Dust made by sawing. Saw-er (saw'ur), n. One who saws, a sawyer. Saw-pit (saw'plt), n. A pit where wood is sawed. *Saw-yer (saw'yur), n. One who saws, a sawer ; a large tree in a stream, with its top rising and falling. Sax-i-frage (saks'e v fraje), n. A medicinal plant. *Sax-on-ism (saks'un v izm), n. A Saxon idiom. 447 SCA SCA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, mSve, SEA Say (si), v. t. [said — said.] To speak ; to tell ; to pronounce ; to utter in words : — n., a speech. Say'ing, p. prs. : — n., a proverb ; a ' sentence ; an expression. Scab (skab), n. An incrustation over a sore,- a disease in sheep one who is not a member of the society which regulates his trade. *Scab-bard (skab'burd), n. The sheath of a sword. [267-18.] Scab-bed (skabd or skab'bld), a. Diseased with scabs; vile, mean. ScAB-BED-NESs(skab'bed v n^s), X *Scab-bi-ness (skab'be^n&s), J The state of being seabbed. Scab-by (skab'be), a. [scabbier — scabbiest.] Scabbed. *ScA-Bi-ous(ska'be v us), a. Leprous, Sca-brous (ska'brus), a. Rough, harsh. *Scaf-fold (skaf'fuld), n. A tem- porary stage of wood: — v. t., to furnish with a scaffold. Scaf-fold-ing (skaffuldlng), n. A building slightly erected. [216.] *Scal-A-ble (skale'a x bl), a. Ad- mitting of scaling. Sca-lade. See escalade. Scald (skald), v. t. To burn with a hot liquor ; to peel off by scald- ing: — n., scurf on the head; a burn caused by a hot liquid. Scale (skale), n. A balance ; part of the covering of a fish ; means of ascent; a figure subdivided by lines for measuring; regular gradation; the gamut [179-12]: — v. t., to mount by ladders ; to take off scales ; to weigh : — v. i., to come off in thin layers. Sca'ling, p. prs. *Sca-lene (ska-leen'), «• Having three sides and angles unequal. Sca-li-ness (ska/lane's), n. The state of being scaly. Scall (skawl), n. Leprosy. Scall-ion (skal'yun), n. A kind of onion with a small bulb. 448 Scal-lop (sk6l / lup), n. A fish with a hollow shell like the teeth of a comb ; a curving indentation : — v. t., to mark on the edge with segments of circles : — often writ- ten scollop. Scalp (skalp), n. The skin on the top of the head : — v. t., to deprive of the scalp. *Scal-pel (skal'pel), n. A sur- geon's knife. Sca-ly (ska'le), a. [scalier — scaliest.] Covered with scales; rough; mean. Scam-ble (skam'bl), v. i. To stir quick ; to scramble : — v. t. } to maul ; to mangle. Scam'bling, p. prs. Scam-bler (skam'blur), n. An intruder ; one who scambles, *Scam-mon-y (skam'nnWne), n. A plant and its resin. Scamp (skamp), n. A worthless fellow ; a rascal. Scam-per (skam'pur), v. i. To run with speed. Scan (skan), v. t. To examine a verse by counting the feet; to examine nicely. Scan'ning, p. prs. Scan'ned, p. prf. Scan-dal (skan'dal), n. Defama- tory report; disgrace; infamy [214] : — v. L, to defame. Scan-da-lize (skan'd&Hize), v. t. To defame ; to calumniate. Scan'da\li-zing, p. prs. Scan-da-lous (skan'da x lus), a. Opprobrious, shameful. [234.] : *Scan-da-lous-ly (skan'dalus- le), ad. Shamefully; basely. ; *Scan-dent (skan'dent), a. Climb- ing, as a plant. *Scan-so-ri-al (skan-s6're x al), a. Adapted to climbing. Scant (skant), a. Parsimonious; scarce : — ad., scarcely ; hardly : — v. t. y to limit; to restrain. Scant-i-ly (skant'e N le), ad. Spar- ingly; narrowly. Scant-i-ness (skant'e'nes), n. Want of fulness, narrowness. Scant-ling (skant'ling), n. A quantity cut for a particular pur- pose; timber cut narrow for stud- ding, a public notary ; a Jewish teacher : — v. t., to mark, adapt, or adjust with compasses. Scri'bing, p. prs. #Scrimp (skrimp), v. t. To make scant; to contract: — a., scanty. Scrip (skrip), n. A small writing; a certificate of stock ; a small bag. Script (skript), n. Type represent- ing written letters. Scrip-tu-ral (skrlp'tshuVal), a. Biblical, contained in the Bible. Scrip-ture (skrip'tshur), n. The Bible, sacred writing. ,Scrip-tu-rist (skrip'tshuVist), n. One versed in the Scriptures. *Scrive-ner (skriv'nur), n. One who draws contracts, deeds, «• Calm, still, serene, undisturbed. [380-18.] Se-date-ly (s£-date'le), ad. Se- renely, calmly. Se-date-ness (se-date'nSs), n. Se- renity, calmness. Sed-a-tive (sM'aHlv), a. Assuag- ing pain, calming : — n., any thing given to allay pain, or to depress the vital forces. *Sed-en-ta-ry (sSd'eVta-re 1 ), a. Sitting much ; inactive. Sedge (se'dje), n. A coarse grass. *Sedg-y (se'dj'e), a. Overgrown with coarse grass. Sed-i-ment (se'd'e^mSnt), n. That which settles at the bottom. *Sed-i-ment-a-ry (^se'd-e-ine'nt'a- Ve), a. Pertaining to sediment. Se-di-tion (se-dish'un), n. Tu- mult, a local insurrection. Se-di-tious (se-dish'us), a. Turbu- lent, factious with tumult. Se-di-tious-ly (se-dlsh'usHe), ad. With factious turbulence. Se-dtjce (se-duse'), v. t. To entice to evil; to tempt. Se-du'cing, p. prs. Se-duce-ment (se-duse'me'nt), u. Practice of enticing to evil. Se-du-cer (se-du/sur), n. One who entices to evil. 453 SEE SEI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, SEL Se-duc-tion (se-duk'shun), n. The act of enticing to evil. Se-duc-tive (s£-duk'tiv), a. En- ticing to evil ; tempting. Se-du-li-ty (se-du/leH&), n. In- dustry, great diligence. *Sed-u-lous (sed'julus), a. Indus- trious ; assiduous, persevering. Sed-u-lous-ly (sed'ju x lus-le), ad. Industriously, diligently. Sed-u-lous-ness (sed'julus-ne's), n. Assiduity, diligence. See, v. t. [saw — seen.] To per- ceive by the eye ; to observe ; to behold : — v. %., to have or use the faculty of sight {ap. p. — to what requires attention) : — n., the dio- cese of a bishop. *See'ing, p. prs.: — n., sight, vision : — con. c, since, since that. Seed, n. The organized particle produced by plants and animals, from which new plants and ani- mals are generated ; original ; progeny; principle of produc- tion; first cause: — v. i., to pro- duce seed: — v. t, to sow with seed. Seed-Bud (seed'bud), n. The germ of fruit. [plant. Seed-ling (seedling), n. A young Seed-plat (seed'plat), {n.Anur- *Seed-plot (seed'pi6t), J sery. * Seeds -man (seedz'man), n. One who deals in seeds ; a sower. Seeds'men, n. pi. Seed-time (seed'tluie), n. Time of sowing. Seed-y (se&d'e), a. [seedier — seediest.] Abounding with seed ; looking miserably. See-ing-. See under see. Seek, v. t. [sought — sought.] To look for; to solicit; to go in search of: — v. %., to endeavor. {ap. p. — for, after, to.) *Seel, v. t. To hoodwink. Seem, v. i. To appear; to have the aspect of: — see meseems. Seem'ing, p. pr8.: — n., appearance, show: — a., apparent. 454 Seem-ing-ly (seem'ing x le), ad. In show or appearance. Seem-ing-ness (seein'lngWs), n. Plausible appearance. *Seem-li-ness (seem / l6 N n£s), n. Comeliness, grace. Seem-ly (seem'le), a. [seemlier — seemliest.] Suited to the occasion; decent, fit. Seen, p. prf. of see. *Seer, n. One who sees ; a prophet. *See-saw (s£e'saw), n. A recip- rocating motion : — v. i., to move alternately up and down. Se-gar. See cigar. ^Seethe (seera), v. t. [seethed or SOD — SEETHED Or SODDEN.] To boil : — v. i., to be hot or in a state of ebullition. Seeth'ing, p. prs. Seg-ment (seg'ment), n. A part of a circle included between an arc and its chord ; a piece cut off. Seg-re-gate (segWgate), v. t. To separate. Seg're v ga-ting, p. prs. *SEG-RE-GA-TioN( x seg-r£-ga'shun), n. Separation from others. *Seig-neu-ri-al (se-nuWal), a. Invested with large powers ; in- dependent; manorial. *Seign-ior (seen'yur), n. A lord. *Seign-ior-age (seen'yurlje), n. The state of a seignior; percent- age paid for coining. *Seign-ior-y (se£n'yurVe), n. A lordship. Seign'ior^ies, n. pi. '-Seine (seen), n. A fishing-net. *Seiz-a-ble (seeVa N bl), a. Liable to seizure. Seize (seez), v. t. To grasp; to lay hold of; to catch, {ap. p. — on, upon.) *Seiz'ing, p. prs. *Seiz-er (seez'ur), n. One who seizes. *Seiz-in (seez'ln), n. The act of taking possession; seizure. *Seiz-or (seez'ur), n. In Law, one who takes possession. *Seiz-ure (seez'ur), n. The act of seizing ; the thing seized. *Se-lah (se'la), n. A word used frequently in the Psalms to sig- nify a rest in singing. Sel-dom (sel'duin), ad. Rarely; not often, unfrequently. Se-lect (se-lekf), v. t. To choose in preference, to pick out [335-8]: — a., nicely chosen, choice. Se-lec-tion (se-lek'shun), n. The act of choosing, choice. Se-lect-man (se-lekt'man), n. In New England, a town officer. Se-lect'men, n. pi. Se-lect-ness (se-l^kt'n§s),w. State of being select. *Se-lect-or (se-le'kt'ur), n. One who selects. *Se-le-ni-um (se-le'ne^um), n. A non-metallic element which, in its properties, resembles sulphur. *Sel-e-nog-ra-phy ( v sel-e-n6g'- raYe), n. A description of the moon's surface. Self, n. [pi. selves.] Person, one's own person ; very or iden- tical person ; one's personal in- terest. J^°- Self is added to my, thy, him, its, our, your, — and selves to our, your, and them, — for the purpose of making the person emphatic or exclusive. See own, and also " Grammar of Grammars," pp. 311, 312, 323. Self as a prefix retains its original meaning of same, very, or particular, only in the words self-same and self-metal. The sense conveyed by it in other cases is printed in italics in the definitions of the compounds which immediately follow. But one word of a class is inserted. SELF-Ap-PLY-iNG(\se1f-ap-pll'lng), a. Applying to or by one's self. SEL SEM n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 511 — pMnd — tain, this. SEN I Self-Char-i-ty (self-tshar'e x te), n. Charity to one's self. Self-Cre-a-ted ( N self-kre-a'ted), a. Created hy one's self. Self-De-pend-ing (^lf-de-plnd'- ing), a. Depending on one's self. SELF-DiF-Fu-siVE^self-dif-fu'ziv), a. Diffusing itself. Self-Es-teem fself-eVteem'), n. Self-ad miration ; the faculty of self-admiration. Self-Ev-i-dent (self-eVeMent), a. Evident without proof. Self-Ex-ult-ing ( v self-egz-ult'- Ing), a. Exulting in one's self. Self-ish (selfish), a. Devoted to one's own interest; void of re- gard for others. Self-ish-ly (self ishle), ad. In a selfish manner. Self-ish-ness (selfish^s), n. The quality of being selfish, self-love. Self-Love (self-luv'), n. Love of or for one's self. Self-Lov-ing (self-luv'lng), a. Loving one's self or itself Self-Met- al ( self-met' tl), n. The same metal. SELF-0-PiN-iON( x self-6-pln , yun),n. One' 8 onm opinion. Self-O-pin-ion-ed ( v self-6-pln'- yund), a. Valuing one's own opinion highly. SELF-Pos-SEs-siON( x self-p6z-zeW- un),n. Self-command, composure. SELF-PRAiSE(self-praze'), n. Praise of one's self. SELF-B,E-PROACH( v self-re-pr6tsh'), n. Reproach of one's own eon- science. x Self-Re-proach'es, n. pi. Self-same (selfsame), a. The very same, identical. Self-Sat-is-fied (self-sat'is x fide), a. Satisfied with one's self. Self-Seek-er (self-seek'ur), n. A seeker of his own interest. *Self-Suf-fi-cien-cy ( N self-suf- fish'eVse), n. Unbounded con- fidence in one's own powers. Self-Suf-fi-cient ( v self-suf-fish'- ent), a. Having unbounded con- fidence in one's own powers; ar- rogant, haughty. SELF-WiLL(self-wil / ), n. Obstinacy, Self-Will-ed (self-wild'), a. Obstinate. Sell, v. t. [sold — sold.] To give for a price ; to dispose of; to betray: v. i., to practice selling; to be sold. *Sel-vage (sel'vije), n. The edge of cloth, &c. ; a border. Selves, pi. of self. *Sem-a-phore (semTf6re), n. A kind of telegraph. Sem-blance (sem'blanse), n. Re semblance, likeness, appearance. *SEM-i-AN-NU-AL( N sem-e-an'nu'al), a. Half-yearly. Sem-i-an-nu-al-ly ( N sem-e-an'nu- x al-le), ad. Every half-year. *Sem-i-an-nu-lar (^ni-e-an'nu- x lar), a. Half round ; semicircular. Sem-i-breve (sem'e'breev), n. In Music, a whole note, marked thus [ ^ ]. [half-circle. Sem-i-cir-cle (se'm'e^ser-kl), n. A Sem-i-cir-cu-lar ( N sem-e-ser'ku- x hir), a. Half round or circular. Sem-i-co-lon ( x s^m-e-k6'l6n), n. A point made thus [ ; ]. Sem-i-di-am-e-ter ( v sem-e-dl-am'- e v tur), n. Half a diameter. Sem-i-flu-id ( v sem-e-flu'ld), a. Im- perfectly fluid. Sem-i-lu-nar ( x sem-e-lu'nar), a. Resembling in form a half-moon. Sem-i-nal (sem'e v nal), a. Belong- ing to seed; radical. Sem-i-na-ry (sem'^na-re), n. The ground where any thing is sown ; a place of education ; a school : — a., seminal, belonging to seed. Sem'i'na-ries, n. pi. Sem-i-na-tion ( v sem-e-na'shun), n. The act of sowing. *Sem-i-pel-lu-cid ( v sem-e-pel-hY- sid), a. Imperfectly clear. Sem-i-qua-ver (sem'e v kwa-vdr), n. In Music, a sixteenth note [ £ ]. Sem-i-tone (sem'e x t6ne), n. Half a tone. Sem-i-vow-el (sem'eV6u-il),w. A consonant which has an imper- fect sound. Sem-pi-ter-nal pse'm-pe-teYnal), a. Eternal, everlasting. *Sem-pi-ter-ni-ty fs§in-pe-ter'- neHe), n. Duration without end. Semp-ster. See seamster. Semp-stress. See seamstress. *Sen-a-ry (sen'a N re), a. Belong- ing to the number six ; contain- ing six. Sen-ate (sen'lt), n. An assembly of senators; the upper house of a legislature. Sen-a-tor (seVa x tur), n. A public counsellor; a member of a senate. Sen-a-to-ri-al ( N sen-a-t6're v al), ) Sen-a-to-ri-an ( v s&n-a-t6're x an), j a. Befitting, or belonging to, senators. Sen-a-to-ri-al-ly ( x sdn-a-t6're x al- le), ad. Like a senator. Sen-a-tor-ship (seVa'tiir-ship), n. The office of a senator. Send, v. t. [sent — sent.] To cause to go ; to despatch ; to throw ; to emit. (ap. p. — to, for.) ^Se-nes-cence (se-n^s'sense), n. Decay by time. *Sen-e-schal (sen'e v shal), n. A steward. Se-nile (se'nile), a. Belonging to old age. *Se-nil-i-ty (se-nil'leHe), n. Old age. Sen-ior (seen'yur or se'ne v ur), n. One older than another in years or office ; the elder: — a., elder; older in years or office. Sen-ior-i-ty (seen-y6r'e N te or r se- ne-6r'e x te), n. Priority of birth, order, or office. *Sen-na (sen'na), n. A kind of cassia and its leaves. Sen-night. See sevennight. *Sen-sate (s&n'sit), a. Perceived by the senses. 455 SEN SEN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, SEP Sen-sa-tion (sen-sa'shiin), n. Ex- citement; perception by means of the senses. [72-21.] [187-15.] Sense, n. Faculty or power by which external objects are per- ceived ; perception ; apprehen- sion of mind; understanding reason : opinion ; judgment ; meaning. [159-13.] Sense-less (sense'les), a. Want- ing sense. Sense-less-ly (sense'lesHe), ad, In a senseless manner. Sense-less-ness (sense'leVnes), n. i Folly ; stupidity. Sen-si-bil-i-ty ( N sen-se-bil'leHe), n. Quickness of sensation ; delicacy of feeling; tenderness. [267.] [139-16.] ^Sen-si -bii/i x ties, n. pi. Sen-si-ble (sen'se^bl), a. Percep- tible by the senses ; convinced ; having moral perception ; intel- ligent; judicious, (ap. p. — of, to.) [220-1.] Sen-si-ble-ness (senWbl-nes), n. Sensibility. Sen-si-bly (sen'se x ble), ad. In a sensible manner. [143-6.] *Sen-sif-ic (sen-sifik), a. Pro- ducing sensation. Sen-si-tive (sen'se^lv), a. Having sense or perception; easily af- fected. [382-9.] Sen-si-tive-ness (sen'seHiv-nes), n. State of being sensitive. Sen-so-ri-al (sen-sd're v al), a. Re- lating to the sensorium. *Sen-so-ri-um (sen-s6're N um), \ Sen-sor-y (sen'siir y re), J n * The organ of sensation. [180.] Sen-so'ri x a, } Sen-so'ri v ums, >n.pl. Sen'so'ries, J Sen-su-al (sen'shu v al), a. Carnal, not spiritual; lewd. Sen-su-al-ism (sen'shu^al-izm), w. The doctrine that all our ideas originate in sensation ; sensual appetite ; sensuality. 456 Sen-su-al-ist (seVstm^al-ist), n. One devoted to sensuality. SEN-su-AL-i-TY( N sen-shu-al'leHe),n. Addiction to sensual pleasures. v Sen-su-ai/i x ties, n. pi. *Sen-su-al-ize (sen'shu x al-lze), v. t. To make sensual. *Sen'su n a-li x zing, p. prs. Sen-su-al-ly (sen'shu x al-le), ad. In a sensual manner. *Sen-su-ous (seVshu^us), a. Per- taining to sense or feeling ; full of sensible images or material. Sent, pst. t. and p. prf. of send. Sen-tence (sen'tense), n. Deter- mination ; a judgment ; a doom ; an axiom; an assemblage of words making a complete sense : — v. t, to pass judgment on. *Sen'ten n cing, p. prs. *Sen-ten-tial (sen-ten'shal), a. Relating to a sentence. *Sen-ten-tious (sen-ten'shus), a. Short and energetic ; pithy ; con taining maxims, pointed. [370-4.] Sen-ten-tious-ly (sen-ten'shus- x le), ad. With striking brevity. *Sen-ten-tious-ness (sen-teV- shiis^nes), n. Conciseness ; brev- ity with strength. *Sen-ti-ent (sen'she x ent), a. Hav- ing perception : — n., one that perceives. Sen-ti-ment (sen'te^ment), n. No- tion ; thought, opinion ; feeling. [18-14.] [246-10.] Sen-ti-ment-al (\sen-te-ment'al), a. Having sentiment. *Sen-ti-ment-al-ism ( N sen-te- ment'aHzm), n. Sentimentality. Sen-ti-ment-al-ist ( x sen-te-menf- allst), n. One who affects a nice sensibility. Sen-ti-men-tal-i-ty ( x sen-te-men- tal'le^te), n. Affectation of feel- ing. [236-13.] Sen-ti-nel (sen'teWl), Sen-try (sen'tre), A watch; a soldier on guard. [107-17.] [368-4.] *Sen'tries, n. pi. Sep-ar-a-bil-i-ty ( x se , p-ar-a-blr / - leHe), n. The quality of being separable. *Sep-ar-a-ble (sep'ar'a-bl), a. Admitting of separation. *Sep-ar-ate (sep'ar v ate), v. t. To disunite; to disjoin; to sever; to divide : — v. i., to be parted. Sep'ar x a-ting, p. prs. Sep-ar-ate (sep'arlt), a. Divided from ; disunited ; distinct, f *Sep-ar-ate-ly (sep'ar N it-le), ad. Distinctly, singly, apart. "*SEP-AR-A-TiON( N s^p-ar-a / shun),n. Disjunction; divorce. [276-12.] Sep-a-ra-tism (sep'aVa-tizm), n. Disposition to separate, particu- larly from a church. Sep-a-ra-tist (sep'aVa-tist), n. One who separates ; a seceder. *Sep-a-ra-tor (sep'a x ra-t&r), n. One who separates or divides. Sep-a-ra-tor-y (sep'aVa-tiirVe), a. Separating. Sep-a-ra-trix (sep'a-raHriks), n. The point used to distinguish decimals from integers; the dec- imal point, as in 2.5. Sep'a-ra v trix-es, 11. pi. *Se-pi-a (se'pe'a), n. The cuttle- fish ; a paint obtained from the cuttle-fish; in Allopath/, a medi- cine made of the bones of the cuttle-fish; in Homeopathy, a medicine made of its juice. *Se-poy (se'p6e), n. A native of India employed as a soldier. Sept, n. A clan, race, or family. Sep'ta, pi. of septum. ' Sept-an-gu-lar (sept-an'gular), a. Having seven angles. Sep-tem-ber (sep-tem'bur), n. The ninth month of the year. 7^^ Among the Romans, Sep- tember was the seventh month ; hence the name. Sep-ten-a-ry (sep'ten x a-re), a. Consisting of seven : — n., the number seven; 7. SEQ SER nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, THis. SER I *Sep-ten-ni-al (sep-ten'ne x al), a. Lasting seven years. Sep-ten-tri-on (sep-teVtr& x un), n. The north. *Sep-tic (s^p'tik), a. Producing putrefaction. Sep-ti-lat-er-al (\sfip-t&-lat'Sr- x al). a. Having seven sides. Sep-til-lion (sep-til'yun), a. or n. By the French or American method of numeration, a number ex- pressed by a unit in the twenty- fifth place ; by the English method, a unit in the forty-third place. *Sep-tu-ag-e-na-ry ( N sep-tu-aj'e- x na-r£), n. A person seventy years old: — a., consisting of seventy. ^Sep-tu-ag'eVa-ries, n. pi. ^SEP-TTT-A-GES-I-MAfsep-tU-a-jeV- e^ma), n. The third Sunday be- fore Lent. *Sep-tu-a-ges-i-mal fsep-tu-a- jeVe x mal), a. Consisting of seventy. *Sep-tu-a-gint (sSpWa-jlnt), w. The Greek version of the Old Testament, the reputed work of seventy-two interpreters. Sep-tum (s^p'tum), n. A partition. Sep'ta, n. pi. Sep-tu-ple (s&pWpl), a. Seven times as much ; sevenfold. *Se-pul-chral (se-pul'kral), a. Relating to burial ; grave, deep. Sep-ul-cher I fi , urkur) *bEP-UL-CHRE J V ^ ' A grave, a tomb. [156-11.] Se-pul-cher I (se-pul'kurorse'p'- *Se-pul-chre j ufkiir), v. t. To bury ; to entomb. Se-pul'cher'ing, ) *SE-PUl/cHRING, J P' P VS ' Se-pui/chered, ) /. *Se-pui/chred, J P'P r J' *Sep-ul-ture (se'p'uTtshure), n. Interment; burial. [152-17.] [307-21.] *Se-quel (s£'kwel),n. Conclusion; event; consequence. [172-24.] *Se-quence (se'kwe'nse), n. Or- der of succession ; series. Se-quent (se'kwe'nt), a. Following. *Se-ques-ter (se-kweVttir), v. t. To put aside ; to deprive of pos- sessions for the benefit of others : — v. %., to withdraw; to decline. Se-ques-tra-ble (se-kweVtra^bl), a. Admitting of sequestration. Se-ques-trate (s£-kweYtrate), v. t. To sequester. Se-ques'tra^ting, p. prs. *Seq-ues-tra-tion ( x sek-w§s-tra'- shiin), n. Separation ; depriva- tion of profits ; retirement. *Seq-ues-tra-tor (seVweVtra- tur or se'kweVtra-tur), n. One who sequesters. -Se-quin (se'kwin), n. A gold coin of Italy, valued at about $2.30; a gold coin of Turkey, valued at about $1.83 ; a zechin. *Se-ragl-io (se-ral'y6), n. The palace of the Sultan of Turkey. Se-ragl-ios (se-ral'y6ze), n. pi. Ser-aph (seYaf ), n. An angel of one of the heavenly orders. SerVphim, ) , Ser'aphs, \ n 'P L Se-raph-ic (se-raflk), ) Se-raph-i-cal (se-raf'e N kal), J °" Like a seraph ; angelical, pure. Ser-a-phi-na fser-a-fe'na), ) *Ser-a-phine (>er-a-feen'), J n ' A keyed musical wind instrument. -Sere, a. Withered: — see sear. Ser-e-nade ( v ser-e-nade'), v. t. To entertain with music at night in the open air: — v. i., to perform a serenade: — n., a musical per- formance at night by way of compliment. "Ser-e-na'ding, p. prs. Se-rene (s6-re£n'), a. Calm, un- runied,placid,undisturbed.[91-9.] Se-rene-ly (se-reen'le), ad. Qui- etly, calmly. Se-ren-i-ty (se-reVeHe), n. Calm- ness, peace, quietness. [188-6.] [127-31.] 39 Serf (surf),n. One in servitude; a Russian slave. Serf-dom (surf'dum), n. The con- dition of a serf. *Serge (seYje), n. A kind of cloth. Ser-gean-cy (sar'je^seor seVjfin- N s&), n. The office of a sergeant. Ser'gean^cies, n. pi. *Ser-geant (sar'j&nt or seVjgnt), n. A petty officer in an army ; a lawyer of the highest rank under a judge : — often written SERJEANT. Ser-geant-at-Arms (sar'jent or seVj£nt-at x armz), n. In Legisla- tures, an officer who preserves order, arrests offenders, &c. Ser'geants-at- Arms, n. pi. *Se-ri-al (se'r^al), a. Pertain- ing to a series: — n., a literary work, issued in parts. *Se-ri-es (s6're^3z), n. sing, snidpl. Sequence ; succession ; course ; order. [47-13.] [344-1.] *Se-ri-o-com-ic (se're N 6-k6m'lk),a. Both serious and comic. Se-ri-ous (se're x us), a. Grave, solemn ; being in earnest ; im- portant. [175-30.] Se-ri-ous-ly (se're v us-le), ad. In earnest ; gravely ; solemnly. *Se-ri-ous-ness (s^'r^Nis-nds), n. Gravity, solemnity. Ser-jeant. See sergeant. Ser-mon (seVmun), n. A pious or religious discourse. [289-2.] Ser-mon-ize (seVmunHze), v. i. To write or preach a sermon. Ser'mont-zing, p. prs. *Ser-mon-i-zer (seVinun^-zur), n. One who composes sermons. *Se-roon (se-r66n') ? n. A bale or package in skins. *Se-rous (se'rus),a. Thin, watery. Ser-pent (seYpe'nt), n. A reptile without legs; a snake; a mu- sical instrument. Ser-pen-tine (ser'peVtlne), n. A species of stone : — a., winding like a serpent. 457 SES SEV Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m^t — pine, pin — no, m6ve, SEX Ser-rate (seVrlt), ) Ser-ra-ted (seVra v te ! d), J Jagged like a saw. Ser-ra-ture (sSr'raHshure), n. An indentation shaped like the teeth of a saw. Ser-ry (seYre), v. t. [prs. t. 3, serries.] To press close; to drive together. Ser'ri-ed, p.prf. Se-rum (se'rum), n. The thin and watery part of the blood. Ser-vant (seVvant), n. One who serves another; a domestic; a menial. Serve (serv), v. U To attend at command; to supply with a thing; to promote; to assist:- v. i., to be of use ; to officiate. Serv'ing, p. prs. Ser-vice (seYvls), n. Office or condition of a servant; obedi ence ; military duty ; worship ; use; advantage; favor; course; order of dishes. [220.] *Ser-vice-a-ble (ser'vis^a-bl), a Beneficial; useful; diligent. Ser-vice-a-ble-ness (seVvls N a-bl- x nes), n. Usefulness. Ser-vile (seVvil), a. Dependent; slavish ; mean. [66-13.] Ser-vile-ly (seVviPle), ad. In a servile manner, meanly. Ser-vil-i-ty (ser-vll'leHe), n.Mean ness, slavishness. Ser-vil'i v ties, n. pi. *Ser-vi-tor (seYve N tur), n. A ser- vant; an attendant; a student partly supported by college funds. Ser-vi-tude (seVve v tude), n. De- pendence ; bondage ; slavery. [150-28.] [267-25.] *Ses-a-me (seYa v ine or se'sam), n. An oily grain: — sometimes writ- ten SESAMUM. *Ses-quip-e-dal (sSs-kwip'e'dal), a. Containing a foot and a half. *Ses-sion (seWun), n. The act of sitting ; a sitting of a court, leg- islature, school, &o. 458 Ses-sion-al (sesh'iWal), a. Rela- ting to a session. *Ses-terce (seVte'rs),?!. A Roman coin valued at four cents. Set, v. t. [set — set.] To place ; to fix; to adjust; to plant: — v.i., to fall below the horizon, as the sun : — a., regular ; not lax : — n., a number of things suited to each other; a game. Set'ting, p. prs. 7p^t* To set is the causative verb of to sit. *Se-ta-ceous (se-ta'shus), a. Bristly, hairy. Set-Off (seY6f or seYawf ), n. An account set against another; a counterbalance; an offset. *Se-ton (se'tn), n. A kind of arti ficial issue ; a cord used to make and keep open an issue ; a rowel. *Set-tee (set-tee'), n. A long seat with a back. Set-ter (set'tur), n. One who sets ; a kind of dog which is used by sportsmen for finding birds. Set-tle (sfct'tl), v. t. To fix; to establish; to determine; to tran quilize; to compose; to pay :— v. i. f to grow calm ; to subside ; to make a jointure for a wife : — n., a bench. Settling, p. prs. : — n., settlement, Set'tlings, n. pi. Dregs, lees. Set-tle-ment (s^t'trm^nt), n. A jointure; subsidence; the act of settling; a colony, a place where a colony is established; abode. *Set-To (seVtd), n. A contest. Set'-Tos, n. pi. [one; 7. Sev-en (seVvn), a. or n. Six and Sev-en-fold (seVvn v f61d),a. Seven times repeated. *Sev-en-night (sen'nit), n. A week : — often written sennight. Sev-en-teen (sev'vnHeen), a. or n. Seven and ten; 17. Sev-en-teenth (seVvnHeen^), a. The ordinal of seventeen; noting the number seventeen. Sev-enth (seVvnZ.of sheaf or sheave. She-chi-nah. See shekinah. Shed, v. t. [shed — shed.] To pour out ; to effuse ; to spill : — n., a slight temporary covering. Shed'ding, p. prs. Shed-der (sh&d'dtir), n. One who sheds. ! * Sheen, n. Brightness, splendor. Sheen-y (sheen'e), a. [sheenier — sheeniest.] Glittering, bright. Sheep, n. sing, andjo^. An animal that bears wool. Sheep-cot (sheep'k&t), n. An en- closure for sheep ; a sheepfold. Sheep-fold (sheep'fold), n. A place where sheep are enclosed. Sheep-ish (sheep'ish), a. Timid, bashful. Sheep-ish-ness (sheep'isVne's), n. Bashfulness; diffidence. Sheep-Shear-ing (sheep 'sheer- ing), n. Time of shearing sheep. *Sheep's-Eye (sheeps-i'), n. A modest, difi&dent look. Sheep\s-Foot (sheeps'fut), n. An instrument used as a pry and as a hammer. SheepV-Feet, n. pi. Sheep-walk (sheep'wawk), n. Pasture for sheep. -'•Sheer, a. Pure, clear; unmin- gled; mere: — ad., clean: — n., the curve of a ship's side : — v. t. f I to deviate from a course (off). SHE SHI nor, not— tube, tub, bull— 6il- -pSund — thin, this. SHO Sheet, n. A broad, large piece of linen ; linen for a bed ; as much paper as is made in one piece ; any thing expanded: — v. t., to cover with a sheet. Sheet-An-chor (sheet'&ng v kur), n. The largest anchor; chief sup- port. [334-21.] Sheet-ing (sheeting), n. Cloth for sheets. *Sheik (sheek, shake, or shlke), n. An Arab chief. *Shek-el (sh£k'kl), n. Among the ancient Jews, a coin valued at 63 cents, and a weight equal to half an ounce avoirdupois. *She-ki-nah (she-ki'na or sh^k'e- x na), n. The light over the mer- cy-seat which was the symbol of the presence of G-od : — often writ- ten SHECHINAH. Shelf, ». [p£. shelves.] A board fixed against a supporter; a sand bank or rock under shallow water. Shelf-y (shelf h), a. [shelfier — shelfiest.] Shelvy. Shell, n. The hard covering of a thing, the external crust; a bomb : — v. t., to take out of the shell : — v. %., to cast off the shell. &&} w^ »• [L spread into thin plates. Shell-Fish (shel'flsh), n. sing, and pi. Fish invested with a hard covering. Shell'-Fish v es, n. pi. Shell-work (shel'wurk), n. Work made of shells. Shel-ly (shel'le), a. Abounding with shells. Shel-ter (shel'tur), n. A cover from external injury or violence; protection [240-9] : — v. t., to de- fend; to protect: — v. i., to give or take shelter. Shel-ter-less (shel'tur x l§s), a. Without shelter. *Shel-tie (sheTte), n. A small Shetland horse. Shelve, v. t. To place on a shelf: — v. i., to be sloping. Shelving, p. prs. :—a., sloping. Shelves, n. pi. of shelf and^rs. t. 3 of SHELVE. Shelv-y (shelv'e), a. [shelvier — shelviest.] Abounding with shelves, rocks, or sand-banks. Shep-herd (shep'purd), n. A man who tends sheep. Shep-herd-ess (shep'purd x §s), n. A woman who tends sheep. Shep'herd v ess-es, n. pi. Sher-bet (sher'bet or sh£r-b£t / ), n> The juice of lemons, &c. mixed with water and sugar. *Sherd, n. A fragment of broken earthenware. *Sher-iff (sheVif ), n. An officer to whom is intrusted the execu- tion of the laws of a county. *Sher-iff-al-ty (sheVif al-te), n. The office or jurisdiction of a sheriff; shrievalty. Sher'iff x al-ties, n. pi. Sher-ry (sher're), n. A Spanish wine. *Shib-bo-leth {&\Ab'W\hth), n. The test-word of a party. ^Shield (sheeld), n. A buckler; defence ; protection : — v. t., to protect; to cover with a shield. ShIft, v. t. To change; to alter; to transfer : — v. i., to change po- sition; to find means [66-26] [210-27] : — n., expedient; eva- sion ; a woman's under garment. Shift-less (shift'l£s), a. Wanting means to act or live. *Shil-la-lah (shil-la'lah), Shil-la-ly (shll-la'le), Shil-le-lah (shil-le'lah), A club or cudgel. Shil-ling (shil'ling), n. An Eng. lish coin, valued at 24 cents. Shin, n. The forepart of the leg. SHLNE, V. i. [SHINED Or SHONE shined or shone.] To glitter ; to be splendid ; to be propitious, or conspicuous : — n., brightness 39* Shi'ning, p. prs. Shin-gle (shing'gl), n. A thin board for covering houses ; loose pebbles on the sea-shore : — v. t., to cover with shingles. Shin'gling, p. prs. Shin-gles (shing'glz), n. A tetter. Shi-ning-ness (shi'ningWs), n. Brightness. Shi-ny (shl'ne), a. [shinier — shiniest.] Bright. Ship, n. A large sea-vessel: — v. t., to transport in a ship. Ship'ping, p. prs. : — n., vessels of navigation, ships in general. Ship-ped (shipt), p. prf. Ship-board (shlp'b6rd), ad. On board or in a ship. Ship-Chand-ler. See chandler. Ship-mate (ship'mate), n. One who serves in the same ship. Ship-ment (ship'ingnt), n. Act of shipping; articles snipped. Ship-wreck (ship'r^k), n. The destruction of ships by rocks or shelves ; destruction : — v. t., to destroy by dashing on rocks or shallows; to cast away by de- stroying a ship. *Ship-wright (ship'rlte), n. A builder of ships. Shire (sheer or shire), n. A county. *Shirk (shurk),n. One who evades his duty by tricks : — v. t., to evade duty by tricks. Shirk'ing, p. prs. : — »., the prac- tice of mean tricks. Shirt (shdrt), n. A man's under garment. ShIve, n. A slice, a thick splinter. Shiv-er (shiv'ur), v. i. To quake; to shudder; to tremble: — v. t., to break into many small pieces : — n., one fragment of many. Shiv' er n ing, p. prs. : — n., a trem- bling, a shaking. *Shiv-er-y (shiv'urVe), a. Easily broken ; incompact. *Shoad (sh6de), n. A mass of ore and rubbish. 461 SHO SHO Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — no, move, SHO *Shoal (shdle), n. A crowd; a sand bank : — a., obstructed with banks, shallow [316-3]: — v. *., to grow shallow; to crowd. Shoal-y (sh61e'e), a. [shoalier — shoaliest.] Abounding with Shoat. See shote. [shoals. Shock (sh6k), n. Concussion; ex- ternal violence ; offense ; a pile of sheaves : — v. t., to shake by- violence ; to offend ; to collect into shocks. [225-2.] #Shock-ing-ly (sh6k1ng N le), ad. So as to shock. Shoe (shod), n. A covering for the foot: — v. t. [shod — shod], to fit the foot with a shoe; to provide with shoes. Shoe'ing, p. prs. Shoe-black (sh66'blak), n. One who cleans shoes. Shoe-Buck-le (sh66'buk N kl), n. A buckle to fasten shoes. Sho-er (sh66'ur), n. One who shoes. Shoe-Horn (sho6'h6rn), n. A horn used to assist the foot into a nar- row shoe. Shoe-ma-ker (sh66'ma x kur), n. One who makes shoes. Shoe-string (sh66'strlng), A string for tying a shoe. Shone (sh6n or sh6ne), pst. t. and p. prf. of SHINE. Shook (shuk or sh66k), pat. t. of shake: — n., a bundle of staves. Sh66t, v. t. [shot — shot.] To discharge from a bow or gun; to let off; to emit; to kill or injure by shooting : — v. i., to germi- nate ; to feel a quick pain ; to move swiftly : — w., act of shoot- ing ; a young branch: — see shote. Sh6p, n. A place for sale or work : — v. i. y to frequent shops for the purpose of buying goods. Shop'ping, p. prs. Shop'ped, p. prf. 462 }- *Shop-board (sh6p'b6rd), n. A bench on which work is done. Shop-keep-er (shdp'keep^r), n. One who sells in a shop. Shop-lift-er (sh6p'llft x ur), n. One who steals from a shop. Shop-man (sh6p / man), n. One who serves in a shop ; a petty trader. Shop'men, n. pi. Sh6re, n. The coast of the sea ; the bank of a river; buttress ; a prop: — v. t. f to prop; to support: — pst. t. of SHEAR. Sho'ring, p. prs. Shore-less (shdre'lSs), a. Having no coast. * Shore -ling (shdre'llng), n. A sheep shorn. Shorn, p. prf. of shear. Sh6rt, a. Not long; scanty; brittle; abrupt; brief. *Short-Breathed (shdrt'br&At), a. Having short breath. Short-Com-ing (sh6rt'kum x mlng), n. A failure of performance or in result. Short-en (shdr'tn), v. t. To make short ; to lessen ; to lop : — v. i. f to become short. Short-hand (shorthand), n. A method of writing by characters. Short-Liv-ed (shdrt'llvd), a. Not living or lasting long. Short-ly (shdrt'le), ad. Quickly, briefly, soon. Short-ness (sh6rt'ne's), n. Quality of being short, conciseness. Sh6rts, n. Bran and coarse meal mixed. Short-Sight-ed (shdrt'slte^d), a. Unable to see far. Short- Wind-ed (shdrt'wlnd^d), a. Having short breath. Sh6t, n. The act of shooting ; bul- lets for the charge of a gun ; dis- tance to which shot flies ; a sum charged ; a reckoning : — pst. t. and p. prf '. of shoot. *Sh6te, n. A young hog: — often written shoat and shoot. Shot-ten (sh&t'tn), • a. Having ejected the spawn; dislocated. *Shough (sh6k), n. A species of shaggy dog. Should (shud), pst. t. of shall, which see. ^®* Should is the sign of the past tense of the potential mood : — see have. Shoul-der (sh61'dur), n. The joint which connects the arm to the body ; a rising part : — v. t., to put upon the shoulder; to justle with the shoulder. *Shoul-der-Blade (sh&l'dur- N blade), n. The broad bone of the shoulder. Shoul-der-Knot (sh61'dur x n6t), n. An epaulet. Sh6ut, v. i. To cry in triumph: — »., a loud cry of triumph. Shove (shuv), v. t. To push; to press against : — n., a push. Shov'ing, p. prs. Shov-el (shuv'vl), n. An instru- ment for digging, &c. : — v. t. or v. i., to throw with a shovel. Shov'el x ing, ) *Shov'el x ling, J p ' p • Shov'el-ed, 1 - *Shov'ell-ed, J *"rJ- Show (sh6), v. t. [showed — showed or shown.] To exhibit to view; to direct; to teach: — v. i., to appear: — n., external appearance ; exhibition. Show-bread ) (sW , brM) *Shew-bread J v j ' The twelve loaves of bread, in the Jewish sanctuary, represent- ing the twelve tribes of Israel. *Show-er (shd'ur), n. One who shows. *Show-er (shM'ur), n. A fall of rain ; liberal distribution : — v. t., to wet with rain; to pour down; to distribute abundantly: — v. i., to rain in showers. Show-er-y (shdu'urVe), a. Wet, rainy ; abounding with showers. SHR SHU n6r, n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5iind — thin, this. SIC Show-i-ly (sh6'&H£), ad. In a showy manner. Show-i-ness (sh6'eWs), n. Grau- diness ; state of being showy. Shown, p. prf. of shine. Show-y (shd'e), a. [showier — showiest.] Splendid; ostenta- tious; making a show. Shrank, pst. t. of shrink. Shred, v. t. [shred — shred.] To cut into small pieces: — n., a small piece cut off; a fragment. Shred'ding, p. prs. Shrew (shr66), n. A peevish, tur- bulent woman. *Shrewd (shr&dd), a. Cunning; sly ; astute ; sensible. Shrewd-ly (shr66d'le), ad. Sa- gaciously, slyly, artfully. Shrewd-ness (shr6&d'nes), n. Sly cunning, discernment. *Shrew-ish (shr66'lsh), a. Like a shrew, petulant, clamorous. Shrew-ish-ly (shr&6'lsh v le), ad. Peevishly, clamorously. Shrew-ish-ness (shr66'ish v n^s), n. Petulance, frowardness. *Shriek (shreek),v. i. To scream: — n., a cry of anguish ; a shrill scream. *Shriev-al-ty. See sheriffalty. *Shr!ft, n. Confession to a priest. ShrIll, a. Piercing or tremulous in sound, sharp. [61-26.] *Shrill-ness (shrll'n£s), n. The quality of being shrill. Shril-ly (shrll'le), ad. Acutely, with a shrill noise. ShrImp, n. A small shell-fish; a dwarf. [316-21.] ShrIne, n. A case in which some- thing sacred is deposited. [104.]f Shrink (shringk), v. i. [shrunk Or SHRANK SHRUNK Or SHRUNK- EN.] To contract itself; to fall back, as from danger; to recoil: — v. t., to cause to contract: — h., a contraction ; corrugation. *Shrink-age (shringk'ije), n. Con- traction. Shriv-el (shriv'vl), v. i. or v. t. To contract into wrinkles; to shrink. [344.] Shrivelling, ) ... c, / \ > p. prs. ^ShRLVEL LING, J r r Shriv'el-ed, 1 /. *Shriv'ell-ed, j 2'PV- Shr6ud, n, A shelter; the dress of the dead ; rope that supports a mast [62-11] : — v. t., to cover; to shelter; to dress for the grave. Shrove-tide (shrdve'tlde), n. Shrove-Tuesday. *Shrove-Tues-day (shrove-tuze'- de), n. The day before Ash- Wednesday; the time of con- fession. Shrub, n. A small tree; spirit, acid, and sugar mixed : — v. t. } to clear of shrubs. Shrub'bing, p. prs. Shrub'bed, p. prf. Shrub-ber-y (shrub'burVe), n. Shrubs in general ; a plantation of shrubs.f Shrub'ber x ies, n. pi. Shrub-by (shrub'be), a. Full of shrubs, like a shrub ; bushy. Shrug, v. t. To contract or draw up, as the shoulders : — n., a mo- tion of the shoulders. Shrug'ging, p. prs. Shrug-ged (shrugd), p. prf. Shrunk, pst. t. and p. prf. of SHRINK. Shrunk'en, p. prf. of shrink. *Shuck (shuk), n. A husk or shell. Shud-der (shud'dur), v. i. To quake with fear ; to tremble. Shuf-fle (shuffl), v. t. To throw into disorder; to change the po- sition of; to shift off: — v. i. y to play mean tricks; to prevari- cate ; to move with an irregular gait : — n., a trick, an evasion. Shuf'fling, p. prs. Shun, v. t. To avoid ; to decline to keep clear of; to abstain. Shun'ning, p. prs. Shun'ned, p. prf. Shut, v. t. [shut — shut.] To close; to contract; to confine; to exclude: — v. i., to close it- self; to be closed. Shut'ting, p. prs. Shut-ter (shut'tur), n. One who shuts ; a door ; a cover. Shut-tle (shut'tl), n. An instru- ment used in weaving. Shut-tle-cock (shut'tl v kok), n. A cork stuck with feathers, and beaten backward and forward with a battledoor. Shy (shi), a. [shier — shiest.] Reserved, cautious [95-20] : — v. i. [prs. t. 3, shies], to start aside ; to sheer off. Shied, p. prf. *Shy-ly (shl'le), ad. In a timid manner; with reserve. *Shy-ness (shl'nes), n. Unwilling- ness to be familiar, coyness. *Sib-i-lant (sib'e x lant), a. Hissing. *Sib-i-la-tion ( x sib-e-la'shun), n, A hissing sound. *Sib-yl (sib 11), n. A Pagan prophetess. [146-12.] *Sib-yl-line (slb'iriine), a. Per- taining to a sibyl. *Sice (size), n. The number six at dice. Sick (sik), a. Afflicted with dis- ease; disgusted, (ap. p. — of.) Sick-en (slk'kn), v. t. To make sick; to disgust: — v. i., to grow sick or disgusted. Sick-ish (sik'ish), a. Somewhat sick. Sick-ish-ness (sik'ishWs), n. State of being sickish. Sick-le (slk'kl), n. A reaping-hook. Sick-li-ness (slk'le v nes), n. Dis- position to sickness; unhealthi- ness. Sick-ly (slk'le), a. [sicklier — sickliest.] Not healthy; pro- ducing sickness; affected with sickness ; faint : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, sicklies], to make diseased ; to sicken. 463 SICJ sia Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, rnftve, SIL *Sick'li-ed, p. prf. Stck-ness (sik'nfis), n. The state of being diseased. malady, disease. SIde, n. The part of animals for- tified by the ribs; margin; re- gion ; party : — a., lateral ; ob- lique : — v. i., to take sides on a question ; to lean to a party. Si 'ding, p. prs. Side-board (side'bdrd), n. A side- table for conveniences. Side-ling (slde'llng), n. A short track alongside of the main one of a railroad : — a., sloping. Side-long (side'l6ng), a. Lateral, oblique: — ad., obliquely. *Sid-er-al (sid'eVal), a. Starry, astral, sidereal. *Si-de-re-al (si-d3're N al), a. Per- taining to the stars, sideral. Side-Sad-dle (slde'sadMl), n. A woman's seat on horseback. Sides-man (sldz'man), n. An as sistant in a church j a party man. Sides'men, n. pi. Side-Walk (slde'wawk), n. A footwalk on the side of a street. * Side-ways (slde'waze), ad. On one side, sidewise. *Side-wise (slde'wize), ad. On one side, laterally, inclining. Si-dle (sl'dl), v. i. To go sideways. Si'dling, p. prs. *Siege (seeje), n. The act of be- setting a fortified place ; a con- tinued endeavor. *Si-es-ta (s£-es'ta), n. An after- noon sleep. * Sieve (siv), n. A bolter; a vessel with network for separating the coarse part of substances from the fine ; a sifter. SIft, v. t. To separate by a sieve ; to examine thoroughly. [358-9.] Sipt-er (slft'&r), n. One who sifts ; a sieve. *Sigh (si), v. i. To emit the breath audibly : — n. f an audible emission of the breath; a deep respiration. 464 Sight (site), n. Perception by the eye ; the sense of seeing knowledge; vision; show; view: — v. t, to bring within the range of sight; to come in sight of. Sight-less (site'les), a. Destitute of sight. SiGHT-Li-NESS(slte'le x nes), n. Come liness, pleasing appearance. Sight-ly (slte'le), a. Pleasing to the eye, striking to the view. *Sig-il (sij'il), n. A seal ; a sig- nature. *Sig-moid-al (sig-mded'al), a Curved like the Greek letter sigma or the English s. Sign (sine), n. A token ; a mira- cle; a symbol ; a type; one of the twelve constellations in the zodiac : — v. t., to mark ; to ratify by hand or seal : — v. i., to make a sign: — see zodiac. Sig-nal (slg'nal), n. A sign that gives notice [114-4] : — a., emi- nent, remarkable. [128-21.] *Sig-nal-ize (sig'naUze), v. t. To make eminent; to make signals. Sig'nalVzing, p. prs. Sig-nal-ly (slg'nal v le), ad. Emi nently, remarkably. Sig-na-ture (sig'naHshure), n, A sign or mark; a stamp; a per son's name signed. Sign-er (sine'ur), n. One who signs. Sig-net (slg'ne't), n. A seal; king's seal. Sig-nif-i-cance (slg-niWkanse), •*. Significancy. *Sig-nif-i-can-cy (slg-nlf e x kan- se), n. Meaning, import, force. Sig-nif-i-cant (slg-nlfe^kant), a. Full of meaning; expressive; important, (ap. p. — of.) Sig-nif-i-cant-ly (slg-nifeMiant- 16), ad. With force of expression. Sig-nif-i-ca-tton (sig v nlf-e-ka'~ shun), n. Meaning expressed by a sign or word, sense, import. Sig-nif-i-ca-tive (slg-nlf e^ka- tiv), a. Having meaning. '■ ) sh'e x a), J Sig-ni-fy (sig'ne'fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, signifies.] To declare; to mean ; to import : — v. i., to be of use ; to mean. *Sig'ni\fi-ed, p. prf. *Sign-Man-u-al (slne-man'u^al), n. One's name written by himself. Sign-post (slne'p6st), n. That upon which a sign hangs. Si-lence (sl'lense), n. Absence of sound, stillness ; taciturnity : — v. t., to make silent; to still. Si'len^cing, p. prs. Si-lent (sl'lent), a. Not speaking, still, mute. Si-lent-ly (sl'lentH6), ad. Without speech or noise. Si-lex (sl'leks), Sil-i-ca (sil'e N ka), Si-li-ce-a (se-lish'i Flint, an oxide of silicon. Si-li-cious (se-llsh'us), a. Flinty. Si-li-ci-um (se-lisb/e'iim), ") *Sil-i-con (sll'e x k6n), I n. Sil-i-cum (silTkum), J A non-metallic element. SIlk, n. The thread made by the silkworm ; the stuff made of it. Silk-en (silken), a. Made of silk, soft. *Silk-i-ness (silk'^n^s), n. State of being silky; softness to the touch. Silk-worm (silk'wurm), n. The worm that spins silk. Silk-y (silk'£), a. [silkier — silkiest.] Made of silk, soft. SiLL, n. The timber or stone at the foot of a door; the lowest timber of a building; a groundsel. *Sil-la-bub (sll'la'bub), n. A mixture of milk with wine, su- gar, &Q. *Sil-li-ly (sil'le'le), ad. In a silly manner. Sil-li-ness (sll'le^ne's), n. Weak- ness, simplicity. Sil-ly (sii'le), a. [sillier — sil- liest.] Artless; foolish; wit- less, simple. SIM n5r, n6t- SIN -tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — thin, this. SIN SIlt, n. A salt marsh. Sil-van. See SYLVAN. Sil-ver (sil'vur), n. A white and hard metal : — a., made of silver; white; soft in sound: — v. t., to cover superficially with silver. Sil-ver-ly (sll'vur x le), ad. With the appearance of silver. Sil-ver-smith (sil'vur smith), n. One who works in silver. Sil-ver-y (sll'vur^re), a. Like silver. Sim-i-lar (similar), a. Having resemblance, like. (ap. p. — to.) *Sim-i-lar-i-ty (^slm-e-larTte), n. Likeness, resemblance. v Sim-i-larVties, n. pi. Sim-i-lar-ly (siin'e x lar-l£), ad. In like manner. *Sim-i-le (slrn'e v le), n. A com- parison expressed with the words like or as; as, Murat fought like a lion : — see metaphor. *Si-mil-i-tude (s£-mil'eHude), n. Likeness, comparison, resem- blance. Sim-mer (slm'inur), v. i. To boil gently. *Sim-on-y (sim'iWne), n. The crime of buying or selling church preferment. Sim'on v ies, n. pi. Si-moom (si-m&6m'), j n. A hot, *Si-moon (si-m66n'), J suffocating wind of Africa and Arabia; samiel. Sim-per (sim'pur), v. i. To smile foolishly : — n., a foolish smile. Sim-ple (sim'pl), a. Plain, artless, unadorned; unmingled; silly: — »., a single ingredient in a medi- cine ; an herb. Sim-ple-ness (slm 'pane's), n. The quality of being simple. * Sim-ple -ton (slm'prtun), n. A silly person. *Sim-plic-i-ty (slm-plls'se N te), n. Plainness, artlessness; weakness, silliness. [18-34.] [236-6.] Sim-plioVties, n. pi. 2 E SiM-PLi-Fi-cA-TiON( > sim-ple-fe-ka / - shun), n. Act of making simple. Sim-pli-fy (sim'ple x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, simplifies.] To make less complex; to reduce to first prin- ciples ; to make plain. Sim'pliVi-ed, p. prf. *SiM-PLiST(sim'plist),n. One versed in simples ; a herbalist. Sim-ply (sim'ple), ad. Without art; foolishly; only. Sim-u-late (slm'u'late), v. t. To feign ; to counterfeit. Sim'u n la-ting, p. prs. Sim-u-la-tion ( v sim-u-la'shun), n. A dissembling; false pretence. Si-mul-ta-ne-otjs (^sl-mul-ta'ne- v ds), a. Being at the same time. Si-mul-ta-ne-ous-ly ^si-mul-ta/- ne v us-le), ad. At the same time. S!n, ». An act against the laws of Glod : — see crime : — v. i., to vio- late or neglect the laws of God. Sin'ning, p. prs. Sin'ned, p. prf. *Sin-a-pism (sln'a^plzm), n. A poultice of mustard. Since (sinse), cor. c. As, seeing, because that : — ad., ago ; from the time that ; before this : — prp., after; from. Sin-cere (sin-seer'), a. Pure, in- corrupt, honest, cordial. [65-31.] [280-12.] Sin-cere-ly (sln-seer'le), ad. Hon- estly, without hypocrisy, truly. Sin-cere-ness (sln-seer'nes), n. Honesty, frankness. Sin-cer-i-ty (sin-seVeHe), n. Pu- rity of mind, honesty, frankness. Sin-cerVties, n. pi. SIne, n. A perpendicular drawn from one end of an arc to the diameter which terminates at the other. *Si-ne-cure (sl'ne N kure), n. An office which has revenue without employment. Si-ne-cu-rist (sl'ne v ku-rlst), n. One who has a sinecure. Sin-ew (sln'nu), n. A tendon, muscle, or nerve : — v. t., to knit or unite, as with sinews. Sin-ew-less (sin'nu'les), a. Having no sinews. *Sin-ew-y (sin'nu^e), a. Nervous, strong, muscular. Sin-ful (sin'ful), a. Wicked. SiN-FUL-LY(sIn'furieM. Wickedly. Sin-ful-ness (sin'fnTnes), n. Vio- lation or neglect of the duties of religion, wickedness. S!ng, v. i. [sung or sang — sung.] To form the voice to melody : — . v. t., to celebrate ; to give praise ; to utter harmoniously. Sing'ing, p. prs. : — n., utterance of melody. Singe (sinje), v. t. To scorch; to burn slightly. [215-27.] *Singe'ing, p. prs. 7^§** Singeing retains the final e of singe, so as to be distin- guished from SINGING. *Sing-er (sing'ur), n. One who sings. *Sin-ger (sln'jur), n. One who singes. Sin-gle (slng'gl), a. One ; alone ; unmarried ; separate : — v. t., to choose out from among others; to separate. Singling, p. prs. Sin-gle-ness (slng'grnes), n. Sin- cerity, simplicity. Sin-gly (sing'gle), ad. Individu- ally, only; sincerely. *Sing-song (slng's&ng), n. Bad singing; a manner of speech without intonation: — a., noting bad singing or intonation. Sin-gu-lar (slng'gu v lar), a. Not plural, single; particular; alone; remarkable. [130-22.] [220.] SiN-GU-LAR-i-TY( N slng-gu-lar'e v te), n. Any thing remarkable ; a cu- riosity; peculiarity. [86-37.] ^Sin-gu-larYties, n. pi. Sin-gu-lar-ly (dng'gu v lar-le), ad. Peculiarly, particularly. 465 SIR SIX Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, SKE Sin-is-ter (sin'isHur), a. On the left hand; unfair; unlucky. [382.] *Sin-is-trous (sin'ls x trus), a. Ab- surd, wrong, perverse. Sink (slngk), v. i. [sunk or sank — sunk.] To fall gradually; to decline : — v. t., to immerse ; to cause to sink. (ap.p. — into, in, beneath) : — n., a drain. Sin-less (sin'les), a. Exempt from sin. Sin-less-ness (sin'leVnes), n. Free dom from sin. Sin-ner (sin'nur), ft. One guilty of sin; an offender. Sin-Of-fer-ing (sin'6f x fur-ing), ft. An expiation for sin. Sin-u-ate (sln'u x ate), v. i. To wind in and out. SlN r u\A.-TING, p. pi'8. Sin-u-a-tion ( N sin-u-a'shun), n. A winding in and out. *Sin-u-os-i-ty ( x s!n-u-6s'seHe), n. The quality of being sinuous. ^Sin-u-os'uties, n. pi. Sin-u-ous (sln'u'us), a. Bending in and out. *Si-nus (sl'nus), n. A bay of the sea; a fold or opening, a hollow. Si'nus v es, n. pi. Sip, v. t. or v. i. To take a small quantity of liquid in at the mouth : — n., a small draught, a taste. Sip'ping, p. prs. Sip'ped, p. prf. *Si-phon (sl'fun), n. A bent pipe through which liquors are con- veyed from casks : — sometimes written syphon. Sip-pet (sip'pit), n. A small sop. Sir (sur), n. A word of respect in addresses to men ; the title of a baron or knight. SIre, ft. A father; a title of a king. f Si-re n (sl'ren), n. A fabulous goddess who enticed men by singing and then devoured them : — a., enticing. *Sir-i-us (slr'e'us), ft. The do star. 466 *Sir-loin (sAr'ldln), ft. The loin of beef. Si-roc-co (sl-r6k'k6), n. A warm, noxious, south wind in Italy. Si-roc'cos, n. pi. Sir-rah (sar'ra, sir'rah, or suVra), n. A term of reproach, con- tempt, or insult. * Sib- up (sur'rup or slr'rup), n. The juice of vegetables boiled with sugar: — often writtensYRUP. Sis-ter (sis'tur), 11. A female born of the same parents ; one of the same faith or society : — v. t., to be akin to ; to resemble closely. Sis-ter-hood (sis'tur v hud), n. A society of females. Sis-ter-in-Law (sis'tur-ln x law), n. A sister of a husband or wife. Sis'ters-in^Law, n. pi. Sis-ter-ly (sls'tur x ll), a. Like a sister. S!t, v. i. [sat — sat.] To be in any local position; to rest; to hold a session ; to incubate (ap. p. — on, upon, in): — see set. Sit'ting, p. prs.: — n., the act of resting on a seat ; meeting of an assembly ; session ; time during which a seat is kept. * j S1te, n. Situation, local position. Sit-u-ate (sltsh'uHt), | Sit-u-a-ted (sltsh'u x a-ted), j a ' Placed, seated. Sit-u-a-tion ( N sitsh-u-a'shun), n. Position; state; site; condition. Sitz-Bath (sltz'ba^ or sitz'ba^), n. A partial bath taken in the sitting posture. Sitz-Baths (sltz'baTHz or sitz'- baTHz), n. pi. Si-va (se'va), n. A title of one of the Hindoo Trinity. Six (siks), a. or n. Twice three; 6. Six-fold (slks'f61d), a. Six times repeated. Six-pence (siks'pense), n. A coin, half a shilling. Six-pen-ny (slks'peVne), a. Worth or sold for a sixpence. Six-teen (siks'teen), a. or n. Six and ten; 16. Six-teenth (siks'teen^), a. The ordinal of sixteen; noting the number sixteen. Sixth (slkstfA), a. The ordinal of six ; noting the number six. Sixth-ly (siks^'le), ad. In the sixth place. *Six-ti-eth (siks'te'M), a. The ordinal of sixty; noting the number sixty. Six-ty (siks'te), a. or ft. Six times ten ; 60. *Siz-a-ble (slze'a v bl), a. Reason- ably bulky. *Si-zar (sl'zar), n. A low rank of students in universities : — also written sizer. SIze, n. Bulk; a glutinous sub- stance: — v. t., to adjust; to be- smear with size ; to swell. Si' zing, p. prs. *Si-zi-ness (sl'ze^nes), n. Glu- tinousness. Si-zy (sl'ze), a. [sizier — sizi- est.] Glutinous, viscous. Skate, n. A flat fish ; a kind of shoe for gliding over ice: — v. t. y to move on skates. Ska'ting, p. prs. Skat-er (skate'ur), n. One who skates on the ice. *Skein (skane), n. A knot of silk or thread wound. Skel-e-ton (skeWtun), n. The bones of the body preserved to- gether ; an outline or framework of a thing. Scep-tic ] (skep'tik), n. One *Skep-tic j who doubts, or pre- tends to doubt, of every thing. [141-34.] Scep-ti-cal ) (skep'te^kal), a. *Skep-ti-cal j Doubtful. Scep-ti-cal-ly ) (ske'p'te'kal- *Skep-ti-cal-ly J le), ad. With doubt. Scep-ti-cism } (skep'te N sizm), a. *Skep-ti-cism J Universal doubt. SKI SKY n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 511 — p5und— ^in, this. SLA ^Sketch (sketsh), n. An outline, a rough draught; a design: — v. t., to draw by tracing the out- line; to plan. [110-8.] [186-19.] Sketch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Sketch-y (sketsh'e), a. Like a sketch, incomplete. Skew-er (skure), n. A wooden or iron pin to fasten meat for roasting: — v. t., to fasten with skewers. SkId, n. A piece of timber used to defend a ship's side. SkIff, n. A small, light boat. SkIll, n. Knowledge of any prac- tice or art ; dexterity ; art. Skill-ed (skild), a. Knowing; dexterous ; versed. Skil-let (skll'le't), n. A small kettle or boiler. ♦Skil-ful) (skimi) jKnow- Skill-ful J v I mg ; experienced; dexterous, (ap. p. — in before a noun ; at, in, before a participle.) *8kil-pul-lt ) (sUmm) ad _ Skill-ful-ly J v n With dexterity. *Skil-ful-ness I (skimiWs) „. Skill-ful-ness j v n Dexterity, ability, art. Sk!m, v. t. To clear off from the surface; to pass very near the surface: — v. i., to pass lightly. Skim 'ming, p. prs. Skim'med, p. prf. Skim-mer (skim'mur), n. A shal- low vessel to take off scum. Skim-Milk (skim-mllk'), n. Milk from which the cream has been taken. Skim-mings (skim'mlngz), n. pi. That which is skimmed off. Sk!n, n. The natural covering of animals, fruits, and plants ; hide, pelt : — v. t., to flay ; to divest of the skin; to cover superficially: — v. i., to form a skin over. Skin'ning, p. prs. biux'xEDfp.prf. Skin-Deep (skin-deep), a. Su- perficial. Skin-flint (skin'fllnt), n. A nig- gard ; a miser. Skin-ner (skin'nur), n. One who skins ; a dealer in skins. Skin-ny (skln'ne), a. [skinnier — skinniest.] Consisting of skin. Sk!p, v. t. To miss ; to pass : — v. ?'., to leap : — n., a light leap, a spring. Skip'ping, p. prs. Skip'ped, p. prf. Skip- jack (skip'jak), n. An upstart. Skip-per (skip'pur), n. A master of a ship ; a maggot in cheese. Skir-mish (sker'mish), v. i. To fight loosely, or in small par- ties : — n., a slight fight in war. Skir'mish^es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Skirt (skert), n. Edge, margin, border [368-6]: — v. t., to border, to run along the edge. Skit-tish (skit'tlsh), a. Easily frightened, shy. Skit-tish-ly (sklt'tlsh v le), ad. Shyly, timidly, fickly. Skit-tish-ness (sklt'tlsh^nes), n. Shyness ; fickleness. SKiT-TLEs(skit'tlz),n.^)?. Nine-pins. Skiv-er (skiv'ur or skl'vur), n. A split sheep-skin. Skulk, v. i. To hide; to lurk in fear : — n., one who skulks. Skull, n. The bone that encloses the brain: — see scull. *Skull-cap (skul'kap), n. A headpiece ; a plant. Skunk, n. A fetid animal. Sky (ski), n. The region which surrounds the earth beyond the atmosphere ; the heavens. j^g^ Smart, Walker, and some other good authorities adopt the theatrical pronunciation skei or skyl. Webster, Reid, Worcester, Perry, and others prefer ski. Skies, n. pi. Sky-Col-or-ed (skl'kul v lurd), a. Blue, like the sky; azure. *Sky-ey (ski'e), a. Like the sky. Sky-lark (skl'lark), n. A lark that mounts and sings. Sky-light (ski'llte), n. A window in a roof. Sky-rock-et (skl'r6k x kit), n. A kind of rocket that rises high. Slab, n. A table of stone; the outside plank sawed from a log. *Slab-ber (slab'bur), ) v. i. To Slob-ber (slob'bur), J let the spittle fall from the mouth; to drivel : — v. t., to smear. Slab-by (slab'be), a. [slabbier — slabbiest.] Thick, viscous ; wet. Slack (slak), a. Loose ; remiss ; relaxed : — n., coal broken in small parts: — v. t., to loosen; to relax ; to slake : — v. i., to become slack; to flag; to abate. Slack-en (slak'kn), v. i. To be remiss; to abate; to relax: — v. t., to relax; to slack. Slack-ly (slak'le), ad. Loosely; negligently. Slack-ness (slak'nes), n. Loose- ness, negligence, remissness. Slack-Wa-ter (slak'wa^tur), n. The interval between the ebb and flow of the tide. Slag, n. The dross of metal. Slain, p. prf. of slay. Slake, v. t. To quench ; to de- prive of cohesion, as to slake lime. Sla'king, p. prs. Slam, v. t. To shut hard ; to win all the tricks : — n., a violent shut- ting ; a winning at cards. Slam'ming, p. prs. Slam'med, p. prf. Slan-der (slan'dur), v. t. To be- lie; to calumniate; to vilify: — »., defamation, calumny. Slan-der-ous (slan'dur^us), a. Calumnious, defamatory. Slan-der-ous-ly (slan'durNls-le), ad. With false reproach. Slang, n. Language of the vulgar, jargon. [364-26.] Slank,£>s?. t. of SLINK. 467 SLA SLE Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — m&, me't — pine, pin — no, mSve, SLI Slant, v. t. To lay or cut off ob- liquely: — v. i., to slope; to be oblique: — a., sloping, oblique. Slant-ly (slant'le), ) , Slant-wise (slant'wlze), J Slopingly, obliquely. Slap, n. A smart blow with the open hand or with any thing flat: — v. t., to strike with the open hand : — ad., with a sudden blow. Slap'ping, p. prs. Slap'ped, p. prf. Slap-dash (slap'dash), ad. All at once ; hurriedly. Slap-jack (slap'jak), n. A kind of pancake. Slash, v. t. To cut; to lash: — v. i., to cut or strike at random : — n., a wound ; a long cut in cloth. Slash'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Slat, n. A thin, narrow piece of timber. Slate, n. A fossil stone : — v. t. y to roof a house with slate. Sla'ting, p. prs. Slat-tern (slat'turn), n. A woman negligent of dress. Slat-tern-ly (slat'turnMe), a. Slovenly : — ad., negligently. Sla-ty (sla'te), a. [slatier — slatiest.] Like slate; lamina- ted; abounding in slate. Slaugh-ter (slaw'tur), n. Butch- ery : — v. t., to butcher. Slaugh-ter-House (slaw'tur- N h6use), n. A house in which beasts are butchered. Slaugh-ter-Hous-es (slaw'tur- N h6uz-lz), n. pi. Slave, n. One held in bondage; a drudge : — v. %., to drudge. Sla'ving, p. prs. Slave-Hold-er (slave'h&ld^ur), n. One who owns slaves. Sla-ver (sla'vur), n. A slave- ship ; one who slaves. Slav-er (slav'ur), n. Spittle run- ning from the mouth : — v. i., to emit spittle ; to drivel : — v. t,, to smear with spittle. 468 Slav-er-er (slav'urMr), n. An idiot ; a driveller. Sla-ver-y (sla'vurVe), n. The condition of a slave; bondage. Slave-Trade (slave'trade),^. The traffic in slaves. Sla-vish (sla'vlsh), a. Servile, mean, base. Sla-vish-ly (sla'visVle), ad. In a slavish manner. Sla-vish-ness (sla'vish v n§s), n. Servility, meanness. Slay (sla), v. t. [slew — slain.] To kill; to butcher; to destroy. Sleave (sleev), n. Silk untwisted; the entangled part of thread : — v. t., to arrange in a weaver's reed ; to sley ; to sleid. Sleav'ing, p. prs. *Slea-zy (slee'ze), a. [sleazier — sleaziest.] Wanting sub- stance; weak, thin. Sled, n, A carriage with run- ners in place of wheels for pass- ing over snow; a sledge; a sleigh : — v. t. f to convey on a sled. Sled'ding, p. prs. Sled'ded,jo. prf. Sledge (sl£dje), n. A large, heavy hammer; a sled. Sleek, a. Smooth, glossy: — v. t., to make smooth or glossy : — ad., with ease and dexterity. Sleek-ly (sleek'le), ad. Smoothly, glossily. Sleek-ness (sleek'ne's), n. Glossi- ness, smoothness. Sleep, v. i. [slept or sleeped — slept or sleeped.] To suspend the mental powers; to slumber; to take rest; to rest in death: — n., rest, repose, slumber. Sleep-er (sleep'ur), n. One who sleeps ; a floor-timber. Sleep-i-ly (sleep'e'le), ad. Drow- sily, heavily, dully. Sleep-i-ness (sleep'e^nSs), n. Dis- position to sleep, drowsiness. Sleep-less (sleep'les), a. Obtain- ing or yielding no sleep. Sleep-less-ness (sleep'lesWs), n. Want of sleep. Sleep-y (sle^p'e), a. [sleepier — sleepiest.] Disposed to sleep, drowsy ; lazy. Sleet, n. A kind of small hail or snow : — v. %., to snow with rain accompanying. Sleet-y (sleeYe), a. Bringing sleet. Sleeve (sl&eve), n. The part of a garment that covers the arm. Sleeve-less (sleeve'le's), a. Des- titute of sleeves. * Sleid (slade), v. t. To sley or prepare for the sley. *Sleigh (sla), n. A vehicle on runners, drawn upon the snow; a sledge ; a sled. Sleigh-ing (sla'lng), n. Act of travelling in a sleigh ; the state of the snow which admits of run- ning sleighs. ^Sleight (sllte), n. Artful trick, dexterous practice. Slen-der (sleVdur), a. Thin, small, slight, weak. Slen-der-ly (sl&n'duVle), ad. Without bulk, slightly. Slen-der-ness (slen'dur v ne ! s), «. Want of bulk, thinness, small- ness of circumference. Slept, pst. t. and p. prf. of sleep. Slew, pst. t. of slay. *Sley (sla), v. t. To arrange threads in a weaver's reed; to sleave ; to sleid : — n., a weaver's reed. Slice (sllse), v. t. To cut into thin pieces : — n., a thin piece cut off. Sli'cing, p. prs. SlIde, v. i. [slid or slided — SLIDDEN, SLID, Or SLIDED.] To pass along smoothly ; to glide on the ice ; to slip : — v. t., to cause to slide: — n., smooth and easy passage ; even course. Sli'ding, p. prs. : — n., lapse, trans- gression. Sli-der (sll'dur), n. One who, or that which, slides. SLI SLO n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pMnd — thin, THis.. SLU Sli-ding-Rule (sll'dlng x r&61), n. A mathematical instrument to measure length and bulk. Sli-ding-Scale (sll r ding v skale), n. A scale for raising and lowering the duties in proportion to the rise and fall in price. Slight (sllte), a. Small; weak; thin ; trifling [239-26] :— ft., neg- lect, contempt : — v. t., to neglect, to disregard ; to make light of. Slight-ing-ly (sllte'ing x le), ad. With contempt or neglect. Slight-ly (slite'le), ad. Weakly; negligently ; superficially. Slight-ness (sllte'n£s), n. Weak- ness; negligence. *Slt-ly (sli'le), ad. Cunningly ; with secret artifice. Sl!m, a. [slimmer — slimmest.] Slender, slight, weak. SlIme, n. Viscous mire; any glu- tinous substance ; soft mud. *Sli-mi-ness (sli'me^nes), n. The quality of slime. Slim-ness (sllm'nes), ft. State or quality of being slim. Sli-my (sli'me), a. [slimier — slimiest.] Glutinous, viscous. *Sli-ness (sll'nes), n. Artful se- crecy, cunning. 7^- Slily and sliness are im- properly written slyly and SLYNESS. Sling, ft. A missile weapon; a throw; a bandage to support a wounded arm: — v. t [slung — slung], to throw by a sling. Slink (slingk), v. i. [slunk or slank — slunk.] To sneak; to steal out of the way. Sl!p, v. i. To slide; to glide; to fall into error : — v. t. y to lose by negligence ; to let loose ; to es- cape from : — ft., a false step ; a mistake ; a twig ; a long, nar- row piece; an opening between wharves. Slip'ping, p. prs. Slip'ped, p. prf. *Slip-knot (sllp'n6t), n. A bow- knot; a knot easily untied. Slip-per (slip'pur), n. A kind of loose shoe. Slip-per-i-ness (sllp'pur^re-ne ft. The state of being slippery ; smoothness. Slip-per-y (sllp'purVe),a. Smooth, glib ; uncertain ; hard to hold. Slip-shod (sllp'shod), a. Having the shoes not pulled up. Slit, v. t. [slitted or slit— slitted or slit.] To cut length wise: — ft., a long cut; a narrow opening. Slit' ting, p. prs. Sli-ver (sll'viir or sliv'ur), v. To split; to tear off lengthwise: — ft., a branch torn off; a nar- row piece split or cut off. Slob-ber. See slabber. *Sloe (s16), ft. The fruit of the blackthorn. Sl66p, ft. A small vessel with one mast. Sl6p, ft. Mean and vile liquor: — v. t., to wet ; to dash with water. Slop'ping, p. prs. Slop'ped, p. prf. Sl6pe, a. Oblique ; slanting : — n., an oblique direction ; declivity : — v. t., to form with a slope: — v. »'., to fall off gently. [159-25.] Slo'ping, p. prs. SL0PE-NESS(sl6pe / nes),n.Declivity. Slope-wise (sl6pe'wize), ad. Ob- liquely. Slo-ping-ly (sl6'plng y le), ad. Ob- liquely. Slop-py (sl&p'pe), a. [sloppier — sloppiest.] Miry and wet. Sl6ps, ft. pi. Ready-made clothes. Slop-Shop (sl6p'sh6p),ft. A shop where ready-made clothing of a poor quality is sold. Sloth (sl6^or sl6^), ». Laziness, idleness; an animal groundlessly proverbial for slowness. [91-14.] Sloth-ful (slo^'ful or sl6^'ful), a. Lazy, indolent, sluggish. 40 Sloth-ful-ly (sldfA'fulMe" or slbth'- ful v le), ad. In a sluggish man- ner ; lazily ; idly. Sloth-ful-ness (sl6^furn^s or sl6£/?/ful N n£s), ft. Idleness, in- activity, sluggishness. *Slouch (sldutsh), ft. A down- cast look ; a clumsy fellow : — v. t., to cause to hang down ; to depress : — v. i., to hang down ; to have a downcast look. Slouch'es, ft. pi. and prs. t. 3. * Slough (sldil), ft. A deep, miry place. *Slough (sluf), ft. The skin which a serpent casts off annually; that part which is cast off from a foul sore : — v. i., to suppurate and come off. Slough- y (sldu'e), a. Miry, boggy. Slov-en (sluv'e'n), n. A person dirtily or negligently dressed. SLOV-EN-Li-NESS(sluv'^n^le-nes),n. Negligence of dress. Slov-en-ly (sluv'en x le), a. Not cleanly, not neat: — ad., in a neg- ligent, disorderly manner. Slow (s16), a. Not swift; inac- tive; dull; dilatory. Slow-ly (slo'le), ad. Not quick; tardily; not speedily. Slow-ness (sl6'n£s), n. Want of velocity ; deliberation. Slub-ber (slub'bur), v. t. To do carelessly ; to stain ; to daub. Sludge (sludje), n. Dirt mixed with water, mire, slush. *Slue (slu), v. t. To turn about a fixed point. Slu'ing, p. prs. Slug, n. A drone; a kind of slow snail ; a piece of metal. *Slug-gard (slug'gurd), n. An inactive, lazy person, an idler. Slug-gish (slug'glsh). a. Lazy, slothful, inactive. [126-24.] Slug-gish-ly (slug'glsh'le), ad. Lazily, idly, dully, slowly. Slug-gish-ness (slug'glsh x n£s), n. Sloth, laziness. 469 SMA SMI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mel — pine, pin — no, m6ve, SMO ^Sluice (sluse), n. A floodgate; a stream of water. *Slui-cy (slu'se), a. Pouring, as from a sluice. Slum-ber (slum'bur), v. i. To sleep lightly ; to doze : — n., light sleep ; repose. Slum-ber-ous (shim'bu^us), a. Sleepy, causing sleep. Slump, v. i. To sink or step through softened ice, mire, . prf. of sling. Slung-Shot (slung'sh6t), n. A heavy ball attached to a string, to be used as a weapon. Slunk, pst. t. and p. prf. of slink. Slur, v. t. To sully; to soil; to pass lightly : — n., slight disgrace ; in Music, a sign connecting notes, marked thus [ /""^ ]. Slur'ring, p. prs. *Slur'red, p. prf. Slush, n. Half-melted snow ; soft mud. Slut-tish (slut'tish), a. Nasty. Slut-tish-ly (slut'tlsh^le), ad. Dirtily, nastily. Slut-tish-ness (slut'tlsVne's), n. Nastiness. Sly (sll), a. [slier — sliest.] Meanly artful, secretly insidious ; concealed. [365-10.] Sly-Boots (sll'b66ts), n. A cun- ning person. Sly-ly. See slily. Sly-ness. See sliness. Smack (smak), v. i. To have a particular taste : — v. t., to kiss ; to make a quick noise with the lips ; to slap : — n., taste, flavor ; a loud kiss; a small ship; a crack; a blow with the hand. Small, a. Little; slender; weak; minute ; trifling : — w., the narrow part of any thing. Small-Arms (smal'armz), n. pi. Muskets, rifles, pistols, Ac. Small-Craft (smal'kraft), n.sing. and pi. Vessels, or a vessel, less than a ship. 470 *Small-ness (smal'nes), n. Little- ness ; minuteness. Small-Pox (smal-p&ks'), n. An eruptive and contagious disease. Smalt, n. A blue glass. Smart, n. Quick, sharp pain : — v. i., to feel quick, sharp pain : — a., pungent, sharp; acute; lively, brisk; clever; shrewd. Smart-ly (smart'l£), ad. Sharply, briskly; cleverly. Smart-Mon-ey (smart'munW),n. Money paid to release from mili- tary service. Smart-ness (smart'ne's), n. Live- liness, briskness; cleverness. Smash, v. t. [prs. t. 3, smashes.] To break to pieces. Smat-ter (smat'tur), v. i. To have a superficial knowledge : — n., su- perficial knowledge. Smat'ter^ing, p. prs. : — n. f a slight or superficial knowledge. Smat-ter-er (smat'tur x ur), n. One of superficial knowledge. Smear (sme£r), v. t. To soil; to contaminate; to daub. Smell, v. t. [smelled or smelt — smelled or smelt.] To per- ceive by the nose: — v. t., to have a particular odor : — n., power of smelling; scent; odor. Smelt, n. A small sea-fish: — v. t. f to melt ore and extract metal. Smelt-er (sinelt'ur), n. One who melts ore. Smelt-er-y (smelt'drVe^, n. A place for smelting ores. Smelt'er v ies, n. pi. Smerk. See smirk. Smick-er (smlk'ur), v. t. To smirk. SmIle, v. i. To express pleasure by the countenance; to be pro- pitious : — n. f a look of pleasure ; favor, (ap. p. — on, at, upon.) Smi'ling, p. prs. Smi-ling-ly (sml'ling^le),^. With a look of pleasure. Smirch (smurtsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, smirches.] To daub; to cloud. -Smirk (smurk), v. i. To smile pertly or affectedly ; to look af- fectedly soft or kind : — w., an affected smile : — a., nice, smart, janty: — often written smerk. SmIte, v. t. [smote — smitten or smote.] To strike ; to destroy ; to kill; to afflict. Smi'ting, p. prs. Smith (smith), n. One who works in metals. Smith-er-y (sml^'urVe), \ * Smith- y (smith' k), J n ' The shop of a smith. [365-28.] Smith'er x ies, ) 7 Smith'ies, r-P L Smit'ten, p. prf. of smite. Smock (sni6k), n. A shift; an un- der garment worn by females. Sm6ke,w. A sooty exhalation from burning wood: — v. %., to emit an exhalation by heat; to smell; to use tobacco: — v. t., to apply smoke to. Smok'ing, p. prs. Smoke-Jack (smoke'jak), n. An engine for turning a spit. Smok-i-ness (sm6k'e v nes), n. The state of being smoky. Smok-y (sm6k / e), a. [smokier — smokiest.] Emitting smoke. Smol-der. See smoulder. Smooth (sm66TH), a. Even on the surface; not rough; level: — v. t., to level; to palliate; to calm ; to make easy. SM00TH-LY(sni66TH'le),ad. Evenly, mildly, calmly. SM00TH-NESS(sm66TH ; nes),w.Even- ness on the surface; gentleness. Smote, pst. t. of smite. Smoth-er (smuTH'ur), v. t. To suffocate ; to stifle ; to suppress : — v. t.f to be suffocated : — n., a thick dust ; smoke ; state of sup- pression. Smold-er *Smould-er To burn and smoke without vent or flame. I (smdl'dur), v. i. SNA nSr, n&t- SNI -tube, tub, bull— 611— pMnd- -^in, this. SNO Smug-gle (snnig'gl), v. t. To im- port or export goods without payment of the customs. Smug'gling, p. prs. *Smug-gler ( smug'gl ur), n. One who smuggles. Smut, n. Soot; mildew; obscen- ity: — v. t.y to mark with soot; to taint with mildew; to soil: — v.i., to gather smut. Smut'ting, p. prs. Smut'ted, p. prf. Smutch (smutsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, smutches.] To blacken; to daub. Smut-ti-ly (smiit'te^le), ad. Ob- scenely; smokily. Smut-ti-ness (smut'teWs), n. Soil from smoke ; obsceneness. Smut-ty (sumt'te), a. [smuttier — smuttiest.] Black with smoke ; obscene. Snack (snak), n. A share, a part ; a slight repast. Snaf-fle (snaffl), n. A bridle that crosses the nose : — v. t., to bridle. Sxaf 'fling, p. prs. Snag, n. A jag ; a protuberance ; a tooth standing out; a tree with its root on the bottom of a river and its top near the surface. Snag-ged (snagd), } a. Full of Snag-gy (snag'ge), j snags. Snail (snale), n. A slimy, slow- creeping animal ; a drone. Snake, n. A serpent: — v. t, to wind a small rope spirally around a larger one. Sna'king, p. prs. Sxa-ky (sna'ke), a. Resembling a snake ; serpentine. Snap, v. t. To break at once ; to break short; to strike with a short noise; to catch at: — v. ?., to crack; to snarl (ap. p. — at): — n., the act of breaking with a quick motion; a quick, eager bite ; a catch. Snap 'ping, p. prs. Snap'ped, p. prf. Snap-pish (snap'plsh), a. Eager to bite ; peevish ; sharp in reply. Snap-pish-ly (snap'pish v le), ad. Peevishly, tartly. Snap-pish-ness (snap'plsh N n§s), n. Peevishness, tartness. Snare, n. A gin ; a net : — v. t. f to entrap; to entangle. Sna'ring, p. prs. Snarl, v. i. To growl, as an an- gry animal : — v. t, to embarrass ; to complicate ; to entangle : — to., entanglement, quarrel. Snar-y (snare'e), a. [snarier — snariest.] Entangling,insidious. Snatch (snatsh), v. t. To seize hastily : — v. i., to try to seize hastily {ap. p. — at) : — w., a hasty catch. Snatch'es, n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. Snath (sna^), n. The handle of a scythe. Sneak (sneek), v. i. To creep slyly; to skulk; to crouch : — n., a sneaking fellow. Sneak'ing, p. prs.: — a., niggardly, servile, mean. Sneak-ing-ly (sneek'ing v le), ad. Servilely; slily; meanly. Sneak-ing-ness (sneek'ing x nes), n. Meanness, niggardliness. Sneer, v. i. To show contempt by looks; to scoff: to gibe {ap. p. — at) : — ii., a look of contempt or scorn. Sneer-ing-ly (sneerlngHe), ad. With a scornful look. Sneeze, v. i. To emit air audibly and spasmodically through the nose : — n., the act of sneezing. Sneez'ing, p. prs. Snick-er (snik'ur), } v. i. To •••Snig-ger (snig'gur), J giggle ; to laugh slily. Sniff, v. i. or v. t. To snuff; to draw breath audibly by the nose : — n., a snuff. Snip, v. t. To clip at a single cut with scissors: — n., a single cut; a shred. prs. D, }?•*>& Snip'ping, p. prs. Snip'ped, p. prf. SnIpe, n. A small fen fowl with a long bill; a fool. Sniv-el (sniv'vl), v. i. To run at the nose ; to cry as children : — n.y the running of the nose. Sniv'el^ing, j *Sniv'el x ling, j p " Sniv'el-ed, •^Sniv'ell-ed, Sniv-el-er ) , s . 1V2 . *Snit-el-ler I (s^'vlur;, n. One who snivels. Sn6b, n. One who apes gentility ; one who works during a strike. *Snob-bish (snob'bish), a. Deno- ting an aping of gentility. Sn66d, n. A fillet with which hair is bound; a fishhook tied or looped to a short line : — v. t., to tie on a snood. Sn66ze, v. i. To slumber: — n., a slumber. Snoozing, p. prs. Snore, v. i. To breathe hard through the nose : — n., respira- tion through the nose in sleep. Sno'ring, p. prs. Sn6rt, v. i. To blow air through the nose, as a high-mettled horse. Sn6ut, n. The nose of a beast. Snow (sn6), n. Water frozen in flakes : — v. i., to fall in snow. Snow-ball (sn6'bal), n. A round lump of compressed snow; a plant and its flower. Snow-drift (sno'drift), n. A bank of snow heaped by the wind. Snow-drop (sn6 / dr6p), n. An early flower. s N S oTiLT GH 1 (-"pi"). - A machine for clearing snow from the track of a railway. Snow-Shoe (sn6'shu), n. A light, broad shoe for travelling over snow. Snow-White (sn6'hwlte), a. White as snow. 471 SOA SOC Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met- ■plne, pin — no, move, SOF Snow-y (sn6'e), a. Full of snow, white like snow. Snub, v. t. or v. i. To check ; to reprimand : — n., a rude check. Snub'bing, p. prs. Snub'bed, p. prf. Snub-Nosed (sndb'n6zd), a. Hav- ing a flat nose. Snuff, n. The burnt wick of a candle ; powdered tobacco : — v. t., scent; to draw in at the nose; to crop a candle : — v. i, y to take offense ; to snort. Snuff-box (snuf b&ks), n. A box in which snuff is carried. SNUFF'BOX^ES, 71. pi. Snuf-fers (sniif fdrz), n. pi. An instrument for snuffing a candle. Snuf-fle (snuf fl), v. i. or v. t. To speak through the nose. Snuf'fling, p. prs. Snuf-fles (snufflz), n. pi. An obstruction in the nose, caused by mucus. Snug, a. [snugger — snuggest.] Close, free from inconvenience: private; concealed; neat: — v. i., to lie close. Snug'ging, p. prs. Snug'ged,^>. prf. Snug-gle (snug'gl), v. i. To lie close; to lie snug. Snug'gling, p. prs. Snug-ly (snug'le), ad. In a snug manner; safely. Snug-ness (snug'ne's), n. Close- ness ; compactness. S6, ad. In like manner or degree; thus (cor. ad. — as): — con. c, there- fore (cor. c. — that). Soak (s6ke), v. t. To steep in any moisture; to drench: — v. i., to be steeped. Soak-er (s6ke'ur), n. One who soaks ; a hard drinker. Soap (sope), n. A substance used in washing : — v. u, to rub over with soap. Soap-Boil-er (s6pe'b6il v ur), n. One who makes soap. 472 Soap-stone (s6pe'st6ne), n. A magnesian stone having a soapy feel. Soap-suds (sope'sudz), n.pl. Water mingled with soap. Soap-y (s6pe'e), a. [soapier — soapiest.] Like soap, soft. Soar (s6re), v. i. To fly aloft, to mount ; to tower in imagination : — n., a towering flight. S6b, v. i. To sigh with sorrow and convulsion : — »., a convul- sive sigh or cry. Sob'bing, p. prs. Sob'bed, p. prf. So-ber (s6'bur), a. Temperate; not intoxicated ; calm ; serious : — v. t., to make sober. So-ber-ly (s6'bur N le), ad. Tem- perately, moderately; gravely. So-ber-mind-ed (s6'bur N mlnd-6d), a. Regular ; temperate, of a so- ber disposition. So-ber-ness (s6'burWs), So-bri-e-ty (s&-brl'e v te), Temperance; calmness. *Sob-ri-quet ( x s6b-re-ka'), n. A nickname. *So-ci-a-bil-i-ty ( x s6-she-a-bil'le- H£ or v s6-sha-bll'le x te),n. Natural tendency to be sociable; inclina- tion for company or conversation. So-ci-a-ble (s6'she'a-bl or s6'sha- x bl), a. Friendly, conversable, familiar, affable [53-31] : — n., an open carriage. So-ci-a-ble-ness ^'she^a-bPne's or s6'sha v bl-ne : s), n. Sociability. So-ci-a-bly (so'she x a-ble or s6'sha v ble), ad. In a sociable manner familiarly. So-cial (s6'shal), a. Relating to a general or public interest ; easy to mix in friendly gayety, fond of society. [70.] [332-17.] So-cial-ism (so'shallzm), n. The doctrine that the best social state is where there is a commu- nity of property among all its individuals. j. So-cial-ist (so'shaHst), n. A be- liever in socialism. So-ci-al-i-ty ( N s6-she-al'le v te or s6- shal'le'te), n. The quality of being social. So-cial-ize (s6'sharize), v. t. To make social. So'ctalVzing, p. pr8. *So-cial-ly (s6'shal x le), ad. In a social manner. *So-ci-e-ty (s6-sl'e v te), n. Com- munity; company; fraternity; association. [251-10.] So-ci'e x ties, n. pi. So-cin-i-an (sd-sln'e v an), n. A fol- lower of Socinus, who denied the divine nature of Christ. Sock (s6k), n. A stocking-like cover for the foot. Sock-et (sftk'klt), n. A hollow pipe; a hollow; the receptacle of the eye. So-crat-ic (sft-kratlk), a. Per- taining to Socrates, or to his manner of teaching. S6d, n. A turf, a clod : — v. t., to cover with turf: — pst. t.of seethe. Sod'ding, p. prs. Sod'ded, p. prf. So-da (so'da), n. An oxide of the metal sodium. So-da-Wa-ter (sd'da v wa-tur), n. Water and carbonate of soda. *So-dal-i-ty (s6-dal'le x te), n. Fel- lowship. Sod'den, p. prf. of seethe. Sod-dy (s&d'de), a. Turfy. *Sod-er (s6d'ur), n. A metallic cement: — v. t., to unite with metallic cement: — often written solder. *So-di-um (s6 / de x um),n. The me- tallic base of soda. So-fa (so'fa), n. A seat covered and cushioned. Soft (s6ft or sawft), a. Ductile ; flexible ; easy ; gentle, tender. Soft-en (s6f'fn or sawf'fn), v. t. To make soft; to mollify; tO; mitigate : — v. i. f to grow soft. SOL SOL ndr, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thm, this. SOL Soft-ly (s6ft'le or sa.wft'le), ad. Gently, mildly, tenderly. Sopt-ness (s6ft'nes or sa.wft'nes), n. Quality of being soft; mildness; effeminacy. Sog-gy (s&g'ge), a. [soggier — soggiest.] Moist; soaked. So-ho (s6-ho'), in. A form of call- ing from a distant place. S6il, v. t. To pollute; to foul; to dirt; to stain: — n., stain; dirt, ground, earth. *Soir-ee (swa-r3/), n. An evening party. So-journ (s6'jurn), v. i. To dwell for a time : — n., a temporary residence. *So-journ-er (s6'jurn'ur), n. A temporary dweller. So-journ-ment (sd'jurn^ment), n. Temporary residence. Sol-ace (s6l'l&s), v. t. To com- fort ; to assuage ; to cheer : — n., comfort; consolation. [311-1.] Sol'a x cing, p. prs. Sol-ace-ment (s61'l&s r ment), n. Act of comforting, solace. So-lar (s6'lar), a. Pertaining to the sun, or measured by it. Sold, pst. t. and p. prf. of sell. Sol-der. See SODER. Sol-dier (s61e'jur), n. A fighting man ; a warrior ; a man of mili- tary skill. Sol-dier-ship (s61e'jur x ship), n. Martial qualities; military skill. -Sol-dier-y (s^le'jurVe), n. A body of military men. Sol'dier x ies, n. pi. S6le, n. The bottom of the foot, or shoe; a kind of flat sea-fish: — v. t., to furnish with soles : — a., single, only ; alone ; not married, [245-15.] So 'ling, p. prs. Sol-e-cism (s61'e r slzm), n. Unfit- ness of one word to another ; an absurd expression. *Sol-e-cist (s61'e x slst), n. One who is guilty of solecism. Sol-e-cist-ic ( x sol-e-sist'ik), a. In- correct; resembling solecism. Sole-ly (sdle'le), ad. Singly, only. *Sol-emn (s6l'em), a. Religiously grave ; ritual ; serious ; sacred. [94-3.] [226-10.] Sol-em-ness (sSl'em^nes), n. The quality of being solemn. So-lem-ni-ty (s6-lem / ne v te), n. Religious ceremony ; gravity ; awful grandeur ; seriousness. [112-29.] [170-13.] So-lem'ni x ties, n. pi. Sol-em-ni-za-tion ( x s61-em-ne-za/- shun), n. Act of solemnizing. Sol-em-nize (s&l'em v nize), v. t. To dignify by particular formalities ; to celebrate; to make solemn. Soi/em v ni-zing, p. prs. *Sol-emn-ly (s61'eWl£), ad. In a solemn manner; with formal gravity. '^Sol-fa (s61e-f§/ or s&l-faV), v. i. To pronounce the notes of the gamut. *Sol-feg-gi-o (s6l-fej'je x 6), n. The system of arranging the scale in music by the names do, re, mi, ji, sol, la, si, do, in order to teach singing. So-lic-it (s6-lis'sit), v. t. To im- portune; to entreat; to implore to request. [23-32.] [248-2.] So-Lic-i-TA-TioN(sd v lls-se-ta/shun), n. Importunity ; invitation. *So-lic-it-or (s6-lis'slt v ur), n One who petitions or acts for an- other; an attorney in a court of chancery. SO-LIC-IT-OR-GrEN-ER-AL (s6-l!s'- sit v ur-jen'ur x aM), n. In England, the counsel for the crown. So-lic-it-ous (s6-lis'sit x us), a. Anx- ious, careful, (ap. p. — about, for.) [215-18.] So-lic-it-ous-ly (s6-lls , sit > us-le), ad. Anxiously, carefully. So-lic-it-ress (so-lls'slt v res), n. A woman who solicits. So-LIC'lT^RESS-ES, n. pi. 40* So-lic-i-tude (s6-lis'se x tude), n. Anxiety, carefulness, concern, uneasiness. [234-11.] [63-25.] Sol-id (s6T!d), a. Not fluid ; com- pact, firm ; true ; not hollow ; hard [189-5] : — n., a compact body. Sol-i-dar-i-ty ( > s6l-e-dar'eHe), n. State of being bound together; identity of interest. So-LiD-i-Fi-CA-TiON(s6 v lid-e-fe-ka.'- shun), n. The act of making solid. So-lid-i-fy (s6-lid'e x fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, solidifies.] To make solid. So-LiD Vfied, p. prf. So-lid-i-ty (s6-lid'eHe), n. Fulness of matter; solid contents; firm- ness ; density. So-lid'i x ties, n. pi. Sol-id-ly (s6l'id'le), ad. Firmly, densely. Sol-id-ness (sol'ldWs), n. So- lidity, density. So-lil-o-quize (s6-lll , 6 > kwize), v. i. To utter a soliloquy. *So-lil'o v quiz-ing, p. prs. *So-lil-o-quy (s6-lU'6 N kwe), n. A discourse to one's self. [165-7.] *So-lilVquies, n. pi. *Sol-i-taire ( x s61-£-tare'), n. A recluse ; a game at cards played by one person. Sol-i-ta-ri-ly (sol'eHH-re^), ad. In solitude. SoL-i-TA-Ri-NESs(s6reHaVr£ x nes),7». Solitude, loneliness. Sol-i-ta-ry (s61'e x t&-re), a. Living alone; retired; single: — n., one who lives alone ; a hermit. SolYta-ries, n. pi. Sol-i-tude (s&l'eHude), ft. Lonely life or place, retirement,seclusion. SoL-Mi-zA-TiON( v s61-me-z^'shi\n),?i. A repetition of the notes of the gamut. So-lo (s6'16), n. A tune playecl on a single instrument, or sung by one person. *S(/los, n. pi. 473 SOM SON Fate, far, f8.ll, fat — m&, me't — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, SOP #Sol-stice (s6l'stls), n. The trop- ical point where the sun ceases to recede from the equator. *Sol-sti-tial (s61-stish'al), a. Be- longing to the solstice. Sol-u-ble (s61'u x bl), a. Capable of being dissolved. Sol-u-bil-i-ty ( x s&l-u-bll'leH£), n. Susceptibility of explanation, or of separation of parts. ^Sol-u-bilVties, n. pi. Sol-tj-tion (s6-lu'shun), n. Matter dissolved; explanation; separa- tion. Sol-u-tive (s6l'u x tiv), a. Laxative. Solv-a-bil-i-ty ( x s61v-a-bll'le x te), n. Solvableness. *Solv-a-ble (&61v'a x bl), a. Capa- ble of being solved or paid: — sometimes written solvible. Solv-a-ble-ness (s61v'a v bl-ne : s), n. Ability to pay debts. Solve (s61v), v. t. To clear; to explain ; to resolve. Solv'ing, p. prs. *Solv-en-cy (sdlv'eVse),™. Ability to pay all debts. *Solv-end (s61v^nd), n. A sub- stance to be dissolved. *Solv-ent (s&lv'ent), n. A sub- stance that dissolves: — a., able to pay all debts ; dissolving. Solv-i-ble. See solvable. Som-ber I (s6m'bur), a. Dark ; *Som-bre j gloomy, dusky. Som-brous (s&m'briis), a. Sombre. Some (sum), a. More or less ; cer- tain persons ; a part, not many. Some-bod-y (sum'b6dMe), n. A person unknown or uncertain ; a person of distinction. *SoM-ER-SAULT(stWur v sawlt) 1 Som-er-set (sum'ur v sSt), j w * A leap by which a person turns over his head. Some-how (sum'hdu), ad. In one way or another. Some-thing (summing), n. A thing indeterminate ; more or less : — ad., in some degree. 474 Once, Some-time (sum'tlme), ad. formerly ; at one time. Some-times (sum'tlmz), ad. Now and then; at intervals. Some-what (sum'hw6t), n. Some- thing ; more or less : — ad., in some degree. Some-where (sum'hware), ad. In one place or another. Som-nam-bu-la-tion (s6m v nam-bu- la'shiin), n. A walking in sleep. Som-nam-bu-lism (s6m-nam'bu- N lizm), n. A walking in sleep. SoM-NAM-Bu-LiST(s6m-nam , buMlst), n. One who walks in sleep. *SoM-NiF-ER-ous(s&m-nifeVus), ) Som-nip-ic (s6m-nif'lk), j a. Causing sleep. Som-nil-o-quy (s6m-nll'6 x kwe), SoM-NiL-o-QuiSM(s6m-nll r 6 x kwlzm) n. A talking in sleep. Som-nilVquies, n. pi. Som-no-lence (s6m'n6 N 13nse), ") Som-no-len-cy (s6m'n6 N l^n-se), } n. Sleepiness, drowsiness. Som-no-lent (s6m'n6 x lent), a. In- clined to sleep, drowsy. Son (sun), n. A male child; na- tive of a country ; a descendant. Son-in-Law (sun'lnHaw), n. A man married to one's daughter. Sons'-in- v Law, n. pi. *So-na-ta (s6-na'ta or s6-na'ta), n. A tune for an instrument. S6ng, n. A poem modulated to the voice; a ballad; a lay; notes of birds, f Song-ster (s6ng'stur), n. A singer. Song-stress (s&ng'stre's), n. A female singer. Song'stress x es, n. pi. So-nif-er-ous (so-nlf'ur^us), a. Bearing or producing sound. Son-net (s&n'ne't), n. A small poem ; a poem of fourteen lines. [139.] Son-net-eer (^n-nSt-teer'), n. A composer of sonnets. So-no-rif-ic ( v s6-n6-rlf'lk), a. Producing sound. So-no-rous (s6-n6'rus), a. Loud or shrill sounding. [67-16.] So-no-rous-ly (s6-n6'rus r le), ad. With full sound. So-no-rous-ness (s6-n6'rus v n§s), n. The quality of being sonorous. Son-ship (sun'ship), n. The state or character of a son. S66n, ad. Shortly, before long; early. Soot (sut or s66t), n. Condensed smoke : — v. t., to black with soot. Sooth (sbbth), n. Truth: — a., true; pleasing. Soothe (s6&th), v. t. To flatter; to please; to soften; to calm. [372-2.] Sooth'ing, p. prs. Sooth-ing-ly (s&STH'ing x l£), ad. Kindly ; with soft words. Sooth-say (sbbth'sk),v.i. [sooth- said — soothsaid.] To predict; to foretell. Sooth-say-er (sftd^'sa^ur), n. A foreteller, a predicter. *Soot-i-ness (sut / e v ne : s or s66t'e- v n^s), n. The quality of being sooty. Soot-y (sut'e or s6&t'e), a. [soot- ier — sootiest.] Consisting of, or covered with, soot; black. S6p, n. A thing steeped in liquor: — v. t., to steep in liquor. Sop'ping, p. prs. Sop'ped, p. prf. Soph (s6f), n. A sophomore. Soph-ism (s6flzm), n. A fallacy; a fallacious argument. Soph-ist (s6f 1st), n. A professor of philosophy; a cunning reasoner. Soph-is-ter (s6fis x tur), n. An in- sidious logician. [267-20.] So-phis-ti-cal (sd-fis'te^kal), a. Fallaciously subtle. So-PHis-Ti-cAL-LY(s6-fls'te > kal-le), ad. With fallacious subtlety or reasoning. So-phis-ti-cate (s6-fis'te v kate),v. t To corrupt with something spu- rious; to adulterate. SOR SOU n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 6il — p6dnd — thin, THis. SOU So-phis'ti n ca-ting, p. pra. SO-PHIS-TI-CA-TION (s& X fls-t£-ka'- shun), n. Fallacy. *So-phis-ti-ca-tor (s6-fis'te^ka- tur), n. One who. sophisticates. Soph-is-try (s6f'ls x tre), n. Falla- cious reasoning. [111-7.] Soph'is v tries, n. pi. *Soph-o-more (s6f'6 v m&re), n. A college student in the second year. Sop-o-rif-er-ous ( N s6p-d-rifeYus), Sop-o-rif-ic ( x s&p-6-rif'lk), a., causing sleep: — »., a medi cine which causes sleep. *So-pra-no (s6-pra'n6), n. The highest part of vocal music ; the treble ; one who sings treble. So-pra'ni, I , So-pra'nos, J ' F ' Sor-cer-er (sdr / sur v ur or sSr'sur- Nlr), n. A conjurer, a magician. *Sor-cer-ess (sdr'sur^es or s6r'- sur v es), n. An enchantress ; a female magician. Sor'CER^ESS-ES, n. pi. *Sor-cer-ous (sdr'sdr^us or s6r'- sur^us), a. Containing sorcery. Sor-cer-y (sdr'siVre or s6r'sur x re), n. Magic enchantment. Sor'cer x ies, n. pi. Sor-did (s6r'did or s6r'did), a. Base, vile, mean, niggardly; cov- etous. [141-1.] [258-8.] Sor-did-ly (sdr'did N le or s6r , dld > le), ad. Covetously, meanly. [272-21.] Sor-did-ness (sdrMid^es or s6r'- did x nes), n. Baseness, meanness. S6re, n. A place tender and pain- ful, a wound, an ulcer : — a., ten- der to the touch, painful : — ad., intensely. *Sor-el (s6r'el), n. A buck in his third year: — see sorrel. Sore-ly (sore'le), ad. With great pain or distress ; grievously. Sore-ness (s6re'nes), n. Tender- ness of a hurt. *So-ror-i-cide (s6-r6r / e x slde), n. The murder or murderer of a sister. *Sor-rel (s6r'rll), n. A plant; a color : — a., of a pale red color ; reddish : — see sorel. *Sor-ri-ly (s6r / re v le), ad. Poorly, meanly, wretchedly. Sor-row (s6r'r6), n. Grief, sad- ness ; regret : — v. i., to grieve. Sor-row-ful (s6rWful), a. Sad, grieving, mournful, melancholy. Sor-row-ful-ly (s6i/r6 x ful-l&), ad. In a sorrowful manner. SoR-ROW-FUL-NESs(s6r'rd x ful-nes), n. State of being sorrowful. Sor-ry (s6r / re), a. [sorrier- sorriest.] Grieved; worthless, poor, mean. (ap. p. — for.) Sort (sdrt or s6rt), n. A kind ; a species ; a rank : — v. t., to cull to separate; to adjust: — v. i., to consort; to suit. *Sort-a-ble (s6rt'a v bl or s&rt'&- x bl), a. Admitting of being sorted. ^Sor-tie (s3r't£ or s6r'te), n. An attack of those besieged upon their besiegers ; a sally. *Sor-ti-lege (sor'teHej or s6r'te- x lej), n. The act of drawing lots. Sor-ti-tion (sdr-tish'un), n. Selec- tion by lot. SORT-MENT. See ASSORTMENT. S6'-S6, ad. Tolerably well. S6t, n. A habitual drunkard: — v. t., to stupefy ; to besot. Sot'ting, p. pre. Sot'ted, p. prf. Sot-tish (s&t'tish), a. Dull, stupid; drunken. Sot-tish-ly (s&t'tisb^le), ad. Stu- pidly ; drunkenly. Sot-tish-ness (s&t'tish^nSs), n. Stupidity from intoxication. Sou (s66), n. A French coin, the twentieth of a franc. Sous, n. pi. ' Sou-chong (s&6-sh6ng' or s6u tsh&ng'), n. The finest kind of Bohea tea. *Sough (suf ), n. A subterraneous drain ; a whistling of the wind. Sought (sawt), pet t. and p. prf. of SEEK. Soul (s6le), n. " The immortal spirit of man; vital principle; life, spirit ; a human being. *Soul-less (s6le'l£s), a. Without soul. Sound, a. Healthy ; right ; stout ; whole; unhurt: — n., a shallow sea; a noise; a probe: — v. t., to search with a plummet; to ex- amine; to try: — v. i. y to make a noise. Sound-ing-Boarb (sfiundlng- N b6rd), n. A thin board for con- ducting sound. Sound-ings (sdiind'ingz), n. pi. Places fathomable at sea. Sound-ly (sdiind'le), ad. Rightly; justly ; healthily ; severely. Sound-ness (s6und'nes),n. Truth; health ; solidity. Soup (s66p), n. A decoction of flesh, vegetables, &c. for the table. Sour, a. Acid; austere; morose; peevish : — v. t., to make sour or acid; to make cross: — v. i., to become sour. Source (s6rse), n. Spring, head ; original ; fountain ; root ; first cause. [134-29.] [189-14.] Cabbage cut fine and soured by fermentation : — sometimes writ- ten SAUER-KRAUT. Sour-ish (sdur'ish), a. Some- what sour. Sour-ly (s6ur'le), ad. With acidity. Sour-ness (sMr'nes), n. Acidity; asperity. *Sous (s66), n. pi. of sou. S6use, n. A pickle made of salt : — v. i., to fall, as a bird on its prey ; to rush with speed : — v. t. % to steep in pickle ; to plunge : — ad., with sudden violence. Sous'ing, p. pre. 475 sow SPA Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — no, move, SPA South (sd&th), n. The quarter orl Sow (s6), v.t.orv.i. [sowed — sowed point from which the sun shines at noon ; the southern region :• opposed to north : — a., southern, meridional : — ad., towards the south. South-east (sdiM-e^sf), n. The point between the south and east : — a., between the south and east. SouTH-EAST-ERN(sdu^-eest'urn),a. Toward the southeast. SOUTH-ER-LY (sUTH'lirHe OV s5uTH'- ur x le), a. Lying toward, or coming from, the south. South-ern (suTH'urn or s6uth'- urn), a. Belonging to, or com- ing from, the south. South-ern-er (suTH'urn v ur), n. An inhabitant of the south. South-ing (sduTH'ing), a. Going toward the south : — n., course or distance toward the south. *South-ron (suTH'r6n), n. An in- habitant of'the south. South-ward (sdii^A/ward or suth' urd), ad. Towards the south: — n., the southern regions. South-west (sdtifcA-weW), n. The point between the south and west : — a., being in the southwest. South-west-ern (souiA-west'iirn), a. Toward the southwest. *Sou-ve-nir (s66've v neer), n. A remembrancer. *Sov-er-eign (suv'Srln or s&v'eV In), n. A monarch; a supreme lord; an English gold coin of the same value as the pound : — see pound : — a., supreme in effi- cacy or power ; chief. Sov-er-eign-ly (siiv'erln-le), ad. Supremely. Sov-er-eign-ty (suv'eVln-td or s^v^rln-te), n. Supremacy ; highest place. [65-8.] Sov'er n eign-ties, n. pi. Sow (s6u), n. A female swine. Sows [distinct objects), ) , Swine (in the mass), J Ht &• 476 or sown.] To scatter seed; to spread ; to stock with seed. *Sow-ans (sdMnz), n. pi. Flum- mery : — often written so wins. *Sow-er (s6'ur), n. One who sows. Sown, p. prf. of sow. Soy (sde), n. A kind of sauce for fish. Spa, n. A general name for mineral springs. Space (spase), n. Room ; exten sion ; quantity of time ; meas- ured interval. *Spa-cious (spa'shus), a. Wide; extensive; roomy. [182-23.] Spa-cious-ly (spa'shus v le), ad. Extensively, widely. Spa-cious-ness (spa'shus v nes), n. Wide extension, roominess. Spade, n. An instrument for dig- ging ; a suit of cards : — v. U, to dig with a spade. Spa'ding, p. prs. Spa-dille (spa-dll'), n. The ace of spades. Spake, the old pst. t. of speak. Span, n. A hand's length with the thumb extended ; nine inch- es; any short duration ; a pair : — v. t., to measure by spans. Span'ning, p. prs. Span'ned, p. prf. Span-drel (span'dr^l), n. The triangular space between the curve of an arch and the rectan- gle enclosing it. Span-gle (spang'gl), n. A small plate of shining metal : — v. t., to adorn with spangles. [40-34.] Span'gling, p. prs. " Span-iel (span'ySl), n. A dog used in field sports. Spank (spangk), v. t. To strike with the open hand. Spank-er (spangk'ur), n. The aftersail of a ship ; a stout person. Span-ner (span'nur), n. One who spans ; a wrench. Spar, n. A mineral; a small beam ; a rafter; a term used for the yards, us-nes),n. A refined state. SPI SPL ndr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pound — thin, this. SPO Spir-it-u-al (splrlt-tshtOal), a. Immaterial ; intellectual ; heav- enly. Spir-it-u-al-ism (splr'ltHshu-al- lzin),>i.The doctrine that all which is real is spiritual ; the doctrine of intercourse with the dead. SpiR-iT-u-AL-iST(spir'lt'tsbu-arist) n. An adherent to spiritualism. Spir-it-u-al-i-ty ( s spir-lt-tshu-al'- leHe), ». Immateriality ; spirit- ual nature. [133-1.] ^Spir-it-u-al'i^ties, n. pi. Spir-it-u-al-i-za-tion ('splr-lt- tshu N al-e-za'shun), n. The act of spiritualizing. Spir-it-u-al-iz e (splr'lt-tshu x al- Ize), v. t. To refine ; to purify ; to convert to a spiritual sense. Spir'it-d'al-i v zing, p. pr8. SPiR-iT-u-AL-LY(spir / lt-tshu x al-le), ad. Purely ; divinely ; in a spiritual manner. *Spir-it-u-ous (splr'lt-tshMs), a. Having the quality of spirit ; lively ; airy ; ardent. *Spirt ] , 2.x , (To throw Spurt } < s P 4rt )' «■ *' { out in a jet: — v. i., to gush in a jet: — n., a sudden ejection or effort. Spir-tle (splr'tl), v. t. To spirt in a scattering manner. Spir'tling, p. prs. Spi-ry (spl're), a. Pyramidal, wreathed, of a spiral form. Spis-st-tude (spis'se^tude), n. Com- pactness, thickness. SpIt, n. A utensil to roast meat on; saliva: — v. t. [spitted — spitted], to put upon a spit; to thrust through : — v. i. [spit or spat — spit or spitten], to eject from the mouth. Spit'ting, p. prs. Spit-Box (spit'b6ks), 1 n. A vessel *SpiT-TOON(spit-t&6n') J to spit in. Spit'-Box'es, n. pi. SpIte, n. Malice, rancor: — v. t., to vex; to offend; to thwart. Spi'ting, p. prs. Spite-ful (splte'ful), a. Full of spite, malicious. Spite-ful-ly (spite'ful v le), ad. Ma- liciously. Spite-ful-ness (spite'f&Pne's), n. Malignity, malice. Spit'ten, p. prf. of spit (v. i.). Spit-ter (splt'tur), n. One who spits ; a young deer. Spit-tle (spit'tl), n. Moisture of the mouth, saliva. Splash, v. t. To dash or spatter with dirt or water: — n., water or mud dashed about. SPLASH'ES, U. pi. SLXldpi'S. t. 3. Splash-y (splash'e), a. [splash- ier — splashiest.] Apt to daub; full of dirty water. Splay (spla), a. Displayed; turned outward. Splay-Foot-ed (spla'fut^d), a. Having the foot turned outward. Splay-Mouth (spla'mdu^), n. A mouth extended by design. SpLAY-MouTHS(spla , m6uTHz),w.jo/. Spleen, n. The milt; ill-humor, anger, spite. Spleen-ful (spleen'ful), a. Angry, peevish. SpLEEN-iSH(spleen'lsh),a. Spleeny. Spleen-y (spleen'e), a. [spleen- ier — spleeniest.] Peevish, ir- ritable, fretful. *Splen-dent (splSn'dent), a. Shi- ning, glossy. Splen-did (splen'dld), a. Showy, magnificent, illustrious. [258-24.] Splen-did-ly (splen'didMe), ad. Magnificently. Splen-dor (splen'ddr), n. Lustre ; power; great brightness. [69-18.] Splex-e-tic (splen'e'dk), a. Fret- ful, peevish, full of spleen. Splice (spllse), v. t. To join the two ends of a rope by interweav- ing : — n., a union of two ends by interweaving. Spli'cing, p. prs. Splint, n. A thin piece of wood, used by surgeons: — v.t.,to splinter. Splin-ter (splln'tur), v. t. To se- cure by splints ; to shiver: — »., a thin piece of wood; a splint; a fragment split off. Splin-ter-y (splin'turVe), a. Hav- ing or like splinters. SplIt, v. t. [split or splitted — split or splitted.] To cleave ; to divide ; to burst asunder : — • v. i., to part asunder : — n., a crack. Split'ting, p. prs. Splut-ter (splut'tur), n. Bustle; stir; hasty speaking. Sp6!l, v. t. [spoiled or spoilt — spoiled or spoilt.] To plunder; to rob; to corrupt: — v. i., to practice plunder ; to decay : — n. f plunder, pillage, booty. [120.] Sp6ke, n. A bar of a wheel; a round of a ladder;— pst. t. of SPEAK. Spo'kEN, p. prf. of SPEAK. Spokes-man (sp6ks'man), n. One who speaks for another. Spokesmen, n. pi. Spo-li-ate (sp n. A kind of half-pike ; a weapon. *Sp66k, n. A ghost. Sp66l, n. A weaver's quill or reed : — v. t., to wind in spools Sp66n, n. A vessel used in eating liquids. Spoon-ful (sp66n'ful), n. As much as a spoon will hold. Spoon'fuls, n. pi. Spoon-meat (sp66n'm£et), n. Food taken with a spoon. Spo-rad-ic (sp6-rad'ik), a. Scat- tered; attacking few; not epi- demic. Sport, n. Play, diversion ; mock; mirth : — v. i., to play ; to frolic ; to game ; to trifle : — v. t. y to ex- hibit; to divert. Sport-ful (sp6rt'ful), a. Merry; frolicsome. Sport-ful-ly (spdrt'fuPle), ad. In mirth, merrily. Sport-ful-ness (sp6rt'fuTnes), n. Disposition to play, wantonness. Sport-ive (sp6rt'iv), a. Merry, gay, playful ; wanton. [315-7.] Sport-ive-ly (spc-rt'lv^le), ad. In a sportive manner, playfully. Sport-ive-ness (sp6rt , lv N n£s), n. Gayety, play, wantonness. Sports-man (sp6rts'man), n. One who sports. Spouts'men, n, pi. 480 SpoRTS-MAN-SHip(sp6rts'man\shlp) n. The practice of sportsmen. Sp6t, n. A blot ; a disgrace ; any particular place : — v. t., to mark with discoloration; to corrupt; to disgrace ; to tarnish. Spot'ting, p. pre. Spot'ted, p. prf. Spot-less (sp6t'les), a. Pure, holy. Spot-less-ness (sp6t'les N n^s), n. Freedom from stain. Spot-ted-ness (sp6t'te : d x nes), n. State of being spotted. Spot-ty (sp&t'te), a. [spottier — SPOTTIEST.] Full Of Spots. *Spou-sal (spdu'zal), a. Conju- gal ; nuptial : — n., marriage.f ^Spouse (spduze), n. A husband or wife. Spouse-less (spduze'les), a. Hav- ing no spouse. Spout, n. A pipe ; the mouth of a vessel ; a cataract : — v. t., to pour with violence [264-28]: — v. i., to issue with violence. Sprain (sprane), v. t. To stretch the ligaments of a joint :• extension of ligaments without dislocation of the joints. Sprang, pst. t. of spring. Sprawl, v. i. To struggle; to tumble; to creep; to spread the body in a horizontal position. Spray (spra), n. The extremity of a branch; the foam of the sea. [73-1.] Spread (sprSd), v. t. [spread spread.] To divulge; to ex- tend ; to cover over ; to diffuse : v. i., to be extended : — n., extent, expansion, compass; a cloth used as a cover. Spree, n. A merry frolic. SprIg, n. A small branch; a twig: ■v. t.y to adorn with sprigs. Sprig'ging, p. prs. Sprig'ged, p. prf. *Sprig-gy (sprlg'ge), a. Full of sprigs. Spright. See sprite. Spright-li-ness (sprlte'leVi&s), n. Liveliness ; gayety ; vivacity. [158-35.] *SPRiGHT-LY(sprlte'le) ce.[spright- lier — sprightliest.] Lively, gay. [282-20.] SprIng, v. i. [sprung or sprang — sprung.] To begin to grow; to leap suddenly; to bound; to issue : — v. t., to discharge a mine; to burst ; to rouse : — n., a season of the year ; March, April, and May ; elastic force ; a bound ; a fountain; an issue of water; a source, original ; an elastic body. Springing, p. prs. *Springe (sprlnje), n. A gin ; a snare : — v. i., to ensnare. *SPRINGE'lNG, p. prs. J^** Springeing retains the final e of springe, so as to be distinguished from springing. Spring-halt (sprlng'halt), n. A lameness causing a horse to twitch up his legs. Spring-i-ness (spring'e^ne's), n. Elasticity ; wetness. Spring-tide (spring'tlde), n. Tide at the new and full moon. Spring-y (sprlng'e), a. [spring- ier — springiest.] Elastic; full of springs. Sprink-le (springk'kl), v. t. To scatter in drops; to wet; to cleanse : — v.i.,to rain moderately: — n., a small quantity scattered. Sprink'ling, p. prs. SprIt, n. A sprout ; a small boom : v. t.y to sprout. Sprit'ting, p. prs. Sprit'ted, p. prf. SprIte, n. A spirit; an appari- tion : — often written spright. Spr6ut, v. i. To shoot by vegeta- tion ; to bud : — n., a shoot of a plant. Spruce (spr66se), v. t. or v. i. To trim; to dress: — a., trim, neat: — n., an evergreen ; a species of fir. Spru'cing, p. prs. \ SPU SQU n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, this. SQU Spruce-Beer (spr66se-beer')> n. Beer tinctured with spruce. Spruce-ly (spr66se'l£), ad. In a spruce manner ; neatly. Spruce-ness (spr&6se'n^s),?i.Neat- ness without elegance. Sprung, pst. t. and p. prf of spring. Spry (spri), a. [sprier— spri- est.] Nimble, lively. Spud, n. A short knife ; a narrow Spume, v. i. To foam; to froth: — ra., froth, foam. Spu'ming, p. prs. Spu-mes-cence (spu-meVse'nse), n. Frothiness. Spu-mous (spu'mus), a. Spumy. Spu-my (spii'me), a. [spumier — spumiest.] Frothy, foamy. Spun, pst. t. and p. prf. of spin. Spunk (spiingk), n. Spirit, mettle ; rotten wood. Spunk-y (spungk'e), a. [spunk- ier — spunkiest.] Spirited, fiery. Spur, n. An instrument with sharp points fixed to a rider's heel ; incitement, instigation ; a stimulation ; a mountainous pro- jection [377-20] : — v. t., to prick with a spur ; to instigate ; to in- cite. [108-26.] Spur'ring, p. prs. Spur'red, p. prf. Spur-gall (spur'gal), n. A wound by the spur : — v. t., to wound by the spur. Spu-ri-ous (spu're^us), a. Not genuine, counterfeit, false. Spu-ri-ous-ly (spuWus-16), ad. Falsely. Spu-ri-ous-ness (spu're^us-ne's), n. State of being spurious. Spurn, v. t. To kick ; to treat with contempt; to scorn ; to despise : — v. i. y to manifest disdain : — n. y a kick ; contemptuous treatment. Spur-ri-er (spur're v ur), n. One who makes spurs. Spurt. See spirt. 2 F Sput-ter (sput'tur), v. i. To emit moisture in small drops ; to speak hastily : — n., moisture thrown out in drops. Spy (spi), n. One sent to watch the conduct of others, or to gain intelligence : — v. t., to discover ; to search : — v. i. f to search nar- rowly ; to act the part of a spy. Spies, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Spi'ed, p. prf. Spy-Glass (spi'glas), n, A small telescope. Spy'- n Glass-es, n. pi. Spy-ism (spi/izm), n. The busi- ness of a spy. Squab (skw6b), a. Unfeathered ; thick and stout: — n., a young pigeon. Squab-bish (skw6b'bish), a. Fat, thick, squabby. Squab-ble (skw6b'bl), v. i. To quarrel; to brawl: — n., a low brawl ; a wrangle. Squabbling, p. prs. Squab-by (skw&b'b&), a. Thick, short, heavy. -Squad (skw6d),n. A small party of men for any service. Squad-ron (skwad'run), n. A part of an army or fleet; a body drawn up in a square. Squal-id (skw61'lid), a. Foul ; nasty; filthy. Squal-id-i-ty (skw&l-id'£ v t&), ) Squal-id-ness (skw61'id'ne : s), J n * State of being squalid. Squall (skwal), v. i. To scream suddenly: — n., a loud scream; sudden gust of wind. *Squall-er (skwal'ur), n. One who screams. SQUAL-LY(skwal'l^), a, [squallier — squalliest.] Windy; gusty. *Squa-lor (skwa'lur), n. Foul- ness, coarseness. -Squa-mous (skwa'mus), a. Scaly. Squan-der (skw6n'dur), v. t. To spend profusely; to dissipate. [69-22.] [224-12.] 41 Square (skware), a. Having right angles; cornered; parallel; fair, honest; exact: — »., a figure with right angles and equal sides ; an instrument; the product of a number multiplied by itself; level, equality : — v. t., to form with right angles ; to adjust; to fit ; to make square : — v. i., to fit with ; to suit. Squaring, p. prs. Square-ness (skware'nSs), n. State of being square. *Squ are-Rigged (skware'rigd),a. Carrying square sails, extended by yards. Square-Boot (skware'rS6t), n. A number which multiplied by it- self will produce a given number. Squash (skw6sh), n. A plant ; a sudden fall ; any thing soft : — v. t. f to crush into pulp; to crush. Squash'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Squat (skw6t), v. i. To sit close to the ground ; to settle on land without a title: — a., cowering down ; short and thick. Squat'ting, p. prs. Squat'ted, p. prf Squat-ter (skwoVtur), n. One who settles on new land without a title. *. Squaw (skwa), n. An Indian woman or wife. ^Squeak (skweek), v. i. To cry with a shrill tone : — «., a shrill cry, uttered quickly. ^Squeal (skw£ei), v. i. To cry with a shrill, sharp voice : — »., a shrill, sudden cry. *SQUEAM-isH(skweem'ish), a, Nice, easily disgusted, fastidious. Squeam-ish-ly (skweem'ish v l^), ad. Fastidiously. SQUEAM-iSH-NESs(skwe£m'lsh'ne , s), n. Delicacy; fastidiousness. Squeeze (skweeze), v. t. To press between two bodies ; to force be- tween close bodies ; to crush : — v. i., to urge one's way, to crowd : — n.f compression, pressure. 481 STA STA Fate, far, fall, fat — m&, me't — pine, pin — n&, mdve, STA Squeezing, p. prs. Squib (skwib), n. A small pipe of paper filled with gunpowder ; a short, sarcastic speech ; ridicule. Squill (skwll), n. A plant; a fish. Squint (skwlnt), v. i. To look ob- liquely : — a., looking obliquely : — n., habit of squinting. Squire (skwlre), n. A title of gen- tility; an attendant: — v. t., to wait on; to attend. Squir'ing, p. prs. Squirm (skwlrm), v. i. To twist about as an eel ; to struggle. *Squir-rel (skweVril or skw&r'- rel), n. A small animal. Squirt (skwurt), v. t. To throw out in a quick stream: — n. f an instrument to squirt with. Stab, v. t. To pierce with a pointed weapon : — v. i., to pierce with a weapon ; to injure secretly : — n., a wound with a sharp weapon. Stab'bing, p. prs, Stab'bed,jp. prf. [stabs. Stab-ber (stab'bur), n. One who Sta-bil-i-ment (sta-bll , e x me , nt), n. Firmness of support. Sta-bil-i-ty (sta-bll'leHS), \ Sta-ble-ness (sta'bPn^s), J n ' Steadiness, firmness of resolution. Sta-ble (sta'bl), a. Fixed, steady, durable; constant [83-32] : — n., a house for beasts : — v. t., to put beasts in a stable : — v. i., to lodge in a stable. Sta'bling, p. prs. Stab-lish. See establish. Stably (sta'ble), ad. In a stable manner; steadily. Stack (stak), n. A large quantity of hay, corn, or wood; a number of chimneys, funnels, or muskets standing together : — v. t., to pile up in stacks. Stad-dle (stad'dl), n. A young forest-tree. Sta-di-um (sat'de^um), n. Race- course ; eighth of a Roman mile. Sta'di v a, n. pL 482 *Stadt-hold-er (stat'h61d v ur), n. Formerly, the Chief Magistrate of Holland. Staff, n. A walking-stick, a flag- pole; a prop ; a step of a ladder; an ensign of authority. ^Staffs (stafs), j , Staves (stavz or stavz), j n ' P ' 7^f Staves, as the plural of staff (having the meanings above given), is obsolescent. Staff, n. [pi. staffs.] A set of officers attached to an army or a commander. *Staff, ') n. A stanza of verses ; Stave, J the five lines and four spaces on which music is writ- ten : — see stave. Staves (stavz or stavz), n. pi. Stag, n. The male red deer. Stage (staje), n. A floor raised to view, on which a show is exhib- ited ; the theatre ; a place of rest on a journey ; a halting-place ; a single step ; a carriage ; a stage- coach : — v. t., to travel by stage. Sta'ging, p. prs. : — see staging. Stage-Coach (staje-k6tsh / ), n. A large passenger-wagon which, at stated intervals, is drawn long distances by horses. Stage-Coach'es, n. pi. Stage-Play-er (staje'pla^dr), n. An actor on the stage. Sta-ger (sta'jur), n. One who has long acted; an old practitioner. Stag-gard (stag'gard), n. A four- year-old stag. Stag-ger (stag'gur), v. i. To reel ; to faint; to hesitate. [264-22.] Stag-gers (stag'gurz), n.pl. Apo- plexy in horses and sheep. Sta-ging (staging), n. A scaffold- ing for support. *Stag-i-rite (staj'eVlte),n. A name given to Aristotle. Stag-nan-cy (stag'nan x s&), n. State of being stagnant. Stag-nant (stag'nant), a. Motion- less, still, dull. [77-25.] [265-16.] Stag-nate (stag'natc), v. i. To have no course or stream ; to be- come inactive. Stag'naVing, p. prs. Stag-na-tion (stag-na'shun), n„ Stop of course or motion. Staid (stade), a. Sober, grave ; regular : — pst. t. and p. prf. of STAY. *Staid-ness (stade'nes), n. Sobri- ety, regularity. Stain (stane), v. t. To blot; to spot; to color; to disgrace: — n. f blot, spot, blemish, disgrace. Stain-less (stane'le's), a. Free from stain or blot ; pure. Stair (stare), n. A step by which to ascend a building. Stairs, n. pi. A series of steps. Stair-case (stare'kase), n. The part of a fabric that contains the stairs. Stake, n. A post or stick fixed in the ground ; any thing wagered : — v. t., to fasten with posts; to wager ; to put to hazard. Stacking, p. prs. *Sta-lac-tite (sta-lak'tite), n. A concretion of mineral matter hanging from the roof of a cave. *Sta-lag-mite (sta-lag'mlte), n. A deposit of carbonate of lime made on the floor of a cave. Stale, a. Old, long kept, common : — n. f a long handle, a decoy. Stale-ness (stale'nes), n. Com- monness ; oldness. Stalk (stawk), v. i. To walk with high and superb steps ; to strut [123-7] : — n., a stem; proud step. *Stalk-ing-Horse (stawk'lng- N h6rse), n. A horse by which a fowler conceals himself from game ; a pretense, a mask. Stalk-y (stawk'e), a. Like a stalk. Stall, n. A crib in which an ox or horse is fed ; a seat ; a small shed in which certain trades are prac- ticed : — v. t., to keep in a stall ; to become fast in mire. STA STA n6r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pMnd — thin, THis. STA - (stal'wurt), ) • (st&l'wurt), \ a. ith (stal'wiirtA), J Stall- age (stal'ij), n. Rent paid for a stall. Stall-feed (stal'fe&d), v. t. [stall- fed — stallfed.] To feed in a stable. Stall-ion (stal'yun), n. A male horse. Stal-wart (stal'wurt), Stal-wort *Stal-worth Strong, brave, stout. [121-18.] Sta-men (sta'm£n), n. That which gives strength and solidity ; foundation ; the filament and anther of a flower. Sta'mens {of flowers), \ , Stam'iVa {of bodies), j n ' &' Stam-mer (stam'mur), v. i. To hesitate in speaking; to stutter. Stamp, v. t. To strike by pressing the foot downward ; to impress ; to fix deeply [262-17] :— v. L, to strike the foot down : — n., an in- strument for making impressions ; impression; make; character. *Stam-pede (stam-peed'), n. A sudden scampering from fright of wild horses, mules, cattle, &c. 67-18] : — v. t., to cause animals to scamper from sudden fright. Stam-pe'ding, p. prs. Stanch (stansh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, stanches.] To stop blood ; to hinder from running : — v. i., to cease to flow: — a., sound, firm, trusty: — often written staunch. *Stan-chion (stan'shiin), n. A small prop ; a support. Stanch-ness (stansh'n^s), n. State of being stanch ; soundness. Stand, v. i. [stood — stood.] To be upon the feet; to be placed, as an edifice; to remain erect; to remain in the present state ; to stop: — v. t., to abide; to en- dure : — n., a station ; post ; a stop ; difficulty ; a small table. Stand'ing, p. prs.: — a., settled, es- tablished : — n., continuance ; sta- tion, rank. Stand-ard (stand'ard), n. An en sign; that which is the test of other things of the same kind; a settled rate; a standing tree [156-13] : — a., serving as a test. Stand-ing-Ar-my (stand'ing^ar- me), n. The regular army. Stand'ing- x Ar-mies, n. pi. Stand-point (stand'p6int), n. A position from which a subject can be contemplated. Stand-ish (st&nd'lsh), n. A case for pen and ink. Stang, n. A long bar, a pole. Stan-na-ry (stan'naVe), a. Rela- ting to tin-works : — w., a tin-mine. Stan'na^ries, n. pi. Stan-nic (stan'nik), a. Relating to tin. Stan-num (stan'num), n. Tin. Stan-za (stan'za), n. A set of lines in poetry, f Sta-ple (st3/pl), n. An established emporium; a settled mart; chief article of produce; a loop of iron : — a., settled, established in commerce; principal. Star, n. A luminous body in the heavens ; a mark of reference in writing, thus [ * ] ; a person of distinction : — v. t., to mark or distinguish with a star. Star'ring, p. prs. Star' red, p.prf. Star-board (star'b6rd), n. The right hand side of a ship on facing the prow : — opposed to LARBOARD. [209-5.] Starch (startsh), n. A kind of viscous matter made of flour or potatoes, with which linen is stiffened : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, starch- es], to stiffen with starch: — a., stiff, precise. Star-Cham-ber (star'Hsham-btir), n. Formerly, an English crimi- nal court. Starch-ly (startsh'le), ad. Stiffly. Starch-ness (startsh'nls), n. Stiffness. Starch-y (startsh'^), a. [starch- ier — starchiest.] Partaking of, or like, starch ; stiff. Stare, v. i. To look with fixed eyes, or wonder: — v.t, to influ- ence by staring : — n., fixed look. Sta'ring, p. prs. Star-GI-a-zer (star'ga x zur), n. An astronomer or astrologer. Star-GtA-zing (star'ga y zing), n. Act of gazing at the stars. Stark, a. Stiff; plain; mere. Star-less (star'lls), a. Having no stars. Star-light (star'lite), n. Lustre of the stars : — a., lighted by the stars. Star-ling (star'ling), n. A bird. Star-ry (star'r^), a. Like stars ; decorated with stars. Start, v. i. To move suddenly; to shrink; to set out: — v. t., to rouse suddenly; to startle; to put in motion : — n., a motion of terror ; a sudden contraction ; act of setting out ; impulse. Start-ing-Post (start'lng v p6st), n. A place to start from. Star-tle (star'tl), v. t. To shock ; to fright: — v. i., to shrink: — n. f sudden alarm. f Star'tling, p. prs. Star-va-tion (star-va'shun), n. Act of starving ; state of being starved. Starve (starv), v. i. To perish with hunger : to suffer with hun- ger : — v. t., to kill with hunger. Star'ving, p. prs. Starve-ling (starv'ling), n. An animal lean from hunger : — a., hungry, lean. State, n. Condition ; a common- wealth; rank; dignity: — v.t., to specify; to tell; to represent. Sta'ting, p. prs. Sta-ted-ly (sta/tMHeJ, ad. At regular intervals. State-li-ness (state'l&Ws), ?i. Grandeur, dignity. 483 STA STE Fate, far, fall, fat — m£, met — pine, pin — no, move, STE State-ly (state'l£), a. [state- lier — STATELIEST.] Majestic ; grand; august [151-28] [201-14]: — ad., majestically. State-ment (state'me'nt), n. Act of stating ; a recital of facts. STATE-KooM(state'rd6m),n. A room in a ship ; a magnificent room. States-man (states'man), n. One versed in the arts of govern- ment; one employed in public affairs. States 'men, n.pl. STATES-MAN-SHip(states , man > shlp), n. The qualifications of a states- man. [221-13.] Stat-ic (stat'lk), j a. Re- Stat-i-cal (stat'e^kal), j lating to the science of weighing; act- ing by weight only. Stat-ics (stat'iks), n. pi. The science which treats of the forces which keep bodies at rest. Sta-tion (sta'shun), n. Act of standing.; post assigned ; rank ; a military post; a stopping- place on a railroad : — v. t., to put in a post, rank, or place. Sta-tion-al (sta'shiWal), a. Re- lating to a station. #Sta-tion-a-ry (sta r shun v a-r£), a. Fixed, not progressive. Sta-tion-er (sta'shunMr), n. A seller of paper, quills, &e. Sta-tion-er-y (sta'shiWur-e), n. Articles usually sold by a sta- tioner, as paper, pens, &o. Sta-tis-tic (sta-tls'tik), ) Sta-tis-ti-cal (sta-tfs'te'kal), j °" Pertaining to statistics. *Sta-tis-ti-cian ( x sta-tls-tish'un), n. A person versed in statistics. Sta-tis-tics (sta-tls'tiks), n. pi. A collection of facts respecting the condition and resources of nation. Sta-tive (sta'tiv), a. Relating to a fixed camp. Stat-u-a-ry (statsh'u r a-re), n. A carver of images; art of carving. 484 Stat'u n a-ries, n. pi. Stat-ue (statsh'u), n. An image of marble, iron, &c. Stat-ure (statsh'yur), n. The height of an animal. Sta-tus (sta'tus), n. Condition of a thing, standing ; acme. Stat-u-ta-ble (statsh'u x ta-bl), a. According to statute. Stat-ute (statsh'iite), n. A law ; an edict. Stat-u-tor-y (stat'uHur-r&), a. Enacted by statute. Staunch. See stanch. Stave, v. t. [stove or staved — stove or staved.] To break in pieces; to push {ap.p. — off); to furnish with staves; to delay (op. p. — off): — n., a thin piece of tim- ber for casks; 32 lbs. of hemp: — see STAFF. Starving, p. prs. * Staves (stavz or stavz), n. pi. of staff and stave : — see staff. Stay (sta), v. i. [staid or stayed — staid or stayed.] To con- tinue in a place; to wait; to dwell ; to remain : — v. t., to sup- port; to stop (ap. p. — in, at, with) : — n.f continuance in a place ; a stop ; a support, a prop. [309-18.] STAYS,j>rs.*.3 : — n. pi., bodice; ropes in a ship to support a mast. Stead (st£d), n. Room, place; use ; the frame of a bed. Stead-fast (sted'fast), a. Fixed, firm, constant. Stead-fast-ly (ste'd'fast^le), ad. Firmly, constantly, steadily. *Stead-fast-ness (ste : d / fast x ne ! s), n. Firmness, constancy. Stead-i-ly (st^d'e^le), ad. With- out variation, with firmness.f Stead-i-ness (ste'd'eWs), n. Firm- ness,unvaried conduct,constancy. Stead-y (stM'e), a. [steadier — steadiest.] Firm, fixed, regu- lar : — v. t. [prs. t. 3, steadies], to make firm or steady. Stead'i-ed, p. prf. Steak (stake), n. A slice of flesh broiled, or cut for broiling. Steal (st£el), v. t. [stole — stolen.] To take by theft; to pilfer: — v. %., to practice theft; to with- draw privily. / Stealth (ste'M), n. The act of stealing, theft; secrecy. [270.] *Stealth-i-ly (ste'M'e^le), ad. By stealth. Stealth-y (st<h'e), a. [stealth- ier — stealthiest.] Done by stealth, unperceived. [144-31.] Steam (steetn), n. Vapor of any thing moist and hot : — v. i., to smoke with moist heat; to rise in vapor : — v. t., to expose to steam. Steam-Boat (ste-tlpe or ster'e x 6-tlpe), n. The art of printing from solid plates cast from movable types, or the art of making such plates : — v. t., to make, or print with, stereotype plates : — a., pertaining to stereo- types. *STE-RE-o-TY-PER(ste'r£-6Hl-pur), n. One who makes stereotypes. Ster-ile (ster'il), a. Unfruitful; barren. Ste-ril-i-ty (ste-ril'le^te), n. Bar- renness, unfruitfulness. Ster-ling (steVling), a. Genuine, standard : — n., English coin ; standard rate. [285.] Stern, a. Severe, harsh, rigid : — ??., the hinder part of a ship. Ster-nal (steVnal), a. Relating to the breast-bone. Stern-Cha-ser (stern 'tsha^sur), n. A gun to fire from the stern of a ship. Stern-ly (stern 'le), ad. Severely. Stern-ness (stSrn'nes), «. Se- verity of look or manners, harsh- ness. 45* Ster-num (ster'num), n. The breast-bone. STER-Nu-TA-TioN( v ster-nu-ta / shun), n. The act of sneezing. Stern-Way (stern'wa), n. Back- ward movement of a ship. *Ster-to-rous (steYt6 x rus), a. Breathing deeply, snoring. *Steth-o-scope (steW6'skdpe), n. An instrument used to distinguish sounds in the thorax. *Ste-ve-dore (ste've x d5re), n. A man employed to load and un- load vessels. Stew (stu), v. t. To seethe any thing in a slow, moist heat: — v. %., to be seethed slowly : — n., meat stewed ; confusion. Stew-ard (stu'urd), n. One who manages the affairs of another. Stew-ard-ship (stu'urd^ship), n. The office of a steward. Stib-i-um (stibium), n. Antimony. Stich (stik), n. A verse in poetry. Stick (stik), n. A piece of wood: — v. i. [stuck — stuck], to stop; to adhere ; to be constant; to scru- ple ; to stab : — v. t., to fix in or on ; to stab. (ap.p. — to, by, in, on.) Stick-i-ness (stik'e v nes), n. Ad- hesive quality. Stick-le (stik'kl), v. i. To strive; to contend; to contest. Stick'ling, p. prs. Stick-ler (stlk'klur), n. An ob- stinate contender. Stick-y (stik'e), a. [stickier — stickiest.] Adhesive, viscous. Stiff, a. Rigid ; stubborn ; ob- stinate ; formal ; not graceful. Stif-fen (stlf fn), v. t. To make stiff: — v. i., to grow stiff. *Stiff-ly (stifle), ad. Rigidly. Stiff-Necked (stif nekd), a. Ob- stinate, stubborn. Stiff-ness (stif'n^s), n. Obsti- nacy; rigidity. Sti-fle (stl'fl), v. t. To oppress; to suffocate; to suppress; to ex- tinguish. 485 STI STI Fate, far, fill, fit — me, m£t — pine, pin — no, mSve, STO Sti'fling, p. prs. Stig-ma (stig'ma), n. A mark of infamy; a brand. [262-18.] Stig-mat-ic (stig-mit'ik), a. Hav- ing a stigma; marked. Stig-ma-tize (stlg'ma v tlze), v. t. To brand with reproach or infamy. Stig'ma^ti-zing, p. prs. *Stile, n. A set of steps into a field; the pin of a sun-dial: — see STYLE. Stil-et-to (stil-et't6), n. A small dagger : an instrument to make eyelet holes : — v. t., to stab. *Stil-et / toes, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Still, v. t. To silence; to ap- pease ; to distil liquors : — a., si- lent, quiet : — ad., to this time : — con. d., nevertheless {cor. c. — though, although) : — n., a vessel for distillation ; silent. Stil-la-tor-y (stil'la x tur-re), n. An alembic. Still-born (stll'bdrn), a. Born lifeless. *Still-Life (sdl'llfe), n. In Paint- ing, a representation of things destitute of animal life. *Still-ness (stll'nes), n. Calm, quiet, silence. *Still-y (stil'e), ad. Calmly ; silently. StIlt, n. A walking support used by boys: — v. t., to elevate. Stim-u-lant (stimulant), n. That which excites: — a., exciting. Stim-u-late (stimulate), v. t. To urge forward ; to rouse to action ; to excite. [317.] Stim'u v la-ting, p. prs. Stim-l t -la-tion ( stini-u-la , shun), n. The action of stimulants ; forced excitement. Stim-u-la-tive (stim'u v la-tiv), a. Stimulating : — n., a stimulant. Stim-u-la-tor (stim'u^la-tur), n. One who, or that which, stimu lates. Stim-u-ltjs (stimulus), n. Some- thing which incites ; a stimulant. 486 Stim'u'li, n. pi. StIng, v. t. or v. i. [stung — stung.] To pierce or wound with a sting; to pain : — n., a sharp point with which some animals are armed ; any thing that gives pain ; the point in the last verse. Stin-gi-ly (stin'je^le), ad. Cove- tously. Stin-gi-ness (stin'je v n£s), w. Ava- rice; covetousness. Stin-gy (stln'je), a. [stingier — stingiest.] Extremely close ; covetous, avaricious. Stint, v. t. To limit ; to restrain ; to confine [179-8] : — n., limit, restraint, a bound. StIpe, n. A species of stem, as in ferns. Sti-pend (stl'pend), n. Wages ; settled pay. * Sti-pen-di-a-ry (sti-pen'de v i-re), n. One who serves for a set- tled compensation: — a., receiv- ing a stipend. Sti-pen'dfa-ries, n. pi. Stip-ple (stlp'pl), v. t. To engrave by dots. Stip'pling, p. prs. : — n., engraving by dots. Stip-u-late (stipulate), v. L To contract; to bargain. Stip'u x la-ting, p. prs. Stip-u-la-tion ( v st'ip-u-la'shun), n. Bargain; agreement, contract. Stir (stiir), v. t. To move; to in- cite; to quicken; to agitate: — v. i., to move one's self: — n., agi- tation ; bustle ; commotion. Stir'ring, p. prs. Stir'red, p. prf. *Stir-rup (stur'rup or steVrup), n. An iron for a horseman's foot. [286-11.] Stitch (stltsh), v. i. To sew; to join ; to work with a needle : — v. t., to sew ; to practice sewing : — n., a single pass of a needle; a sharp pain. Stitch'es, n. pi. and^>rs. t. 3. Stock (st6k), n. A trunk ; a log ; the body of a plant; a handle ; a close neckcloth ; a race ; cattle in general ; the frame on which a ship is built; a fund of money, a capital [322-17] : — v. t., to fur- nish with goods ; to store. Stock'ing, p. prs. : — n., a covering for the leg. Stock-fish (st6k'flsh), n. Codfish dried without salt. Stock-hold-er (st6k'h6ld'ur), n. One who holds stock; a share- holder. Stock-Job-ber (st6k'j6Vbur), n. One who deals in funds. Stocks (st6ks), n. pi. Prison for the legs ; public funds. Stock-Still (st6k'stil), a. Mo- tionless. *Stock-y (st6k'e), a. [stockier — stockiest.] Stout, thick. *Sto-ic (sto'ik), n. A philosopher of the sect of Zeno; one who pretends to be without feeling : — a., relating to the Stoics ; cold, unfeeling. Sto-i-cal (st6'e x kil), a. Unfeeling. *Sto-i-cal-ly (sto'e v kal-le), ad. In a stoical manner. Sto-i-cal-ness (sto'^kal-ne's), n. The state of being stoical. *Sto-i-cism (st6'e x sizm), n. The doctrines of the Stoics ; insensi- bility. Stole, pst. t. of steal : — n., a long vest; a garment of a priest or matron. Sto'len, p. prf. of steal. Sto-lid-i-ty (st6-lid'e v te), n. Stu- pidity. Stom-ach (stum'uk), n. The organ of digestion; appetite; liking; anger ; pride : — v. t., to put up with; to endure. *Stom-a-cher (stum'a v tshur), n. An ornament for the breast. *Sto-mach-ic (st6-mik'ik), a. Re- lating to the stomach : — n., a medicine for the stomach. STO STB, n6r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — dil — p6und — ^in, THis. STB, *Stom-ach-less (stum'dk^lfis), a. Having no appetite. St6ne, ti. A hard body; a gem ; a calculous concretion in the body; the case which, in some fruits, contains the seed ; 14 pounds of iron, 8 pounds of meat : — v. t. y to pelt with stones; to free from stones : — a., made of stone. Sto'ning, p. prs. Stone-Blind (st6ne'blind), a. Completely blind. *Stone-Coal (st6ne'k61e), n. Mineral coal. Stone-Cut-ter (st6ne , kdt > tdr), n. One who hews stone. *Stone-Fruit (st6ne'fr66t), n. A fruit that contains a stone, as a peach, plum, &c. ; an imitation of fruit, made of stone. *Stone-Ware (st6ne'ware), n. A species of earthen-ware. *Ston-i-ness (st6n'e N n^s), n. State of being stony. Sto-ny (st6'ne), a. [stonier — stoniest.] Abounding with stone; hard. Stood (stud), pst. t. and p. prf. of stand. Stook (stuk), n. A collection of sheaves in the field. St66l, n. A seat without a back. Stool-Pig-eon (sto&r x plj-ln), n. One who, or that which, decoys. St66p, v. i. To bend down or for- ward ; to submit ; to yield : — n., act of stooping; a porch with seats ; a vessel of liquor. St6p, v. t. To hinder; to put an end to; to check motion; to stay : — v. i., to pause : — n., ces- sation of motion ; obstruction ; a point in writing; that which stops. Stop'ping, p. prs. Stop'ped, p. prf. *Stop-page (st&p'pije), n. The act of stopping, obstruction. Stop-per (st6p'pur), n. That by which an orifice is closed : — v. t. } to close with a stopper. Stop-ple (st6p'pl), n. A stopper. Stor-age (sto-rije), n. Pay for storing. St6re, n. Plenty; a warehouse; a shop ; a supply hoarded : — v. t., to stock; to lay up; to furnish. Sto'ring, p. prs. Store-house (store'hduse), n, A magazine. Store-hous-es (stdre'hduzlz),w.^. *Stor-ge (st6r'j£), n. Natural af- fection of parents. St6rk, n. A bird of passage. St6rm, n. A tempest; assault; tu- mult: — v. t., to attack by open force: — v. i., to blow with vio- lence; to rage. Storm-i-ness (stdrm'e^ne's), n. The quality of being stormy. Storm-y (stdrm'?), a. [stormier — stormiest.] Tempestuous ; windy ; violent. *Storth-ing (stdrtlng), n. The legislative body of Norway. Sto-ry (st&'re), n. A tale, history; a floor of rooms : — v. t., to tell to describe. [156-5.] Sto'ri-ed, p. prf. Sto'ries, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Stoup (stMp or st66p), n. A vessel for holding liquids ; a basin. St5ut, a. Strong, valiant, brave. Stout-ly (stdut'le), ad. Lustily ; boldly. Stout-ness (stdut'ne's),**. Strength, boldness. St6ve, n. An iron box in which fire is made : — v. t., to keep warm by a stove -.—pst. t. and p. prf. of STAVE. Sto-ver (st6'vur), n. Fodder. Stow (st6), v. t. To lay up. Stow-age (sto'ije), n. Boom for laying up. Stra-bis-mus (stra-blz'mus), n. A squinting. Strad-dle (strad'dl), v. i. or v. t. To walk or stand wide and awk- wardly; to stride across. Strad'dling, p. prs. I I Strag-gle (strag'gl), v. i. To wander; to ramble. * Straggling, p. prs. * Straight (strate), a. Direct, not crooked ; right ; narrow : — ad., immediately ; directly. *Straight-en (stra'tn), v. t. To make straight. Straight-for-ward (strate-f6r'- ward), a. Direet; not deviating. *Straight-ly (strate'le), ad. In a direct line. *Straight-ness (strate'nSs), n. Bectitude ; directness. •-Straight-way (strate'wa), ad. Immediately. Strain (strane), v. t. To squeeze through something; to sprain; to stretch ; to filter (ap. p. — out): — v. i., to make violent efforts ; to be filtered : — »., a violent ef- fort ; a sprain ; style of speak- ing; a song. Strain-er (strane'ur), n. One who, or that which, strains ; a filter. ^Strait (strate), n. A narrow pass of water; difficulty; dis- tress: — a., narrow; strict. *Strait-en (stra'tn), v. t. To make narrow ; to distress ; to confine. [356-10.] *Strait-Laced (strate'laste), a. Stiff, rigid. *STRAiT-LY(strate , le)«c?.Narrowly. *Strait-ness (strate'nes), n. Nar- rowness; strictness. *Strait-Jack-et (strate^jak-it), n. An instrument for confining the limbs of a maniac. Strake, n. The tire of a wheel. Strand, n. The verge of the sea ; one of the twists of a rope [74-3]: — v. t. or v. *., to drive on shallows. ^Strange (stranje), a. Foreign ; odd ; new ; causing surprise ; unknown. Strange-ly (stranje'le), ad. Won- derfully, remarkably, oddly. Strange-ness (stranje'nes), «. Mutual dislike ; wonderfulness. 487 STR STR Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, move, STR Stran-ger (strane'jur), n. A for- eigner ; a guest. Stran-gle (strang'gl), v. t. or v. i, To choke ; to suffocate ; to sup- press. Strangling, p. prs. Stran-gles (strang'glz), n. pi. Swellings in a horse's throat. Stran-gu-la-tion ( x strang-gu-l shun), n. The act of strangling. Strap, n. A narrow, long slip of cloth or leather; an iron plate for connecting timbers : — v. t., to whip or sharpen with a strap. Strap'ping, p. prs.: — a., vast, large Strap-ped (strapt), p. prf. *Strap-pa-do (strap-pa'do), n Chastisement by blows or falls. Stra-ta (stra'ta), n. pi. of stra- tum. Beds, layers. [159-20.] -Strat-a-gem (strat'a^jlm), n. An artifice; a manoeuvre. [113-16.] *Strat-e-gist (strat'e^jlst), n. One skilled in strategy. *Strat-e-gy (strat'e v je), n. The science of conducting military movements. *Strat-i-pi-ca-tion ( N strat-e-fe ka'shun), n. An arrangement of strata. *Strat-i-form (strat'e x f6rm), a. In the form of strata. Strat-i-fy (strat'eYi), v. i. or v. t. prs. t. 3, stratifies.] To form nto strata. Strat'iVi-ed, p. prf. *STRA-TOC-RA-CY(stra-t6k'ra v s£),n. A government by an army. Stra-toc'ra^cies, n. pi. Stra-tctm (stra'tum), n. A bed, a layer. Strat'a, ) , Stra'tums, J n ' & ' Straw, n. The stalk on which grain grows ; any thing worthless. Straw-Bail (straw'bale), n. Bail entered by one not responsible. Straw-ber-ry (straw'beVre), n. A plant and its fruit. Straw'ber x ries, n. pi. 488 Stray (stra), v. i. To wander ; to rove : — n., a beast lost by wan dering: — a., lost. *Streak (streek), n. A line of color; a stripe : — v. t., to stripe. Streak-y (stre&k^e), a. [streak ier — streakiest.] Striped. Stream (streem), n. A running water; current: — v. i., to flow; to move continuously. Stream-er (streem'ur), n. An ensign, a pennon. Stream-let (streem'let), n. A small stream. Stream-y (streem'e), a. Flowing; full of streams. Street, n. A way, a paved way. Strength (streng^), n. Force vigor ; power. Streng-then (streng'^n), v. t. To make strong : — v. i., to grow strong. Streng-then-er (streng'^n^dr), n. That which gives strength. Stren-u-ous (stren't^us), a. Ur gent, zealous, brave. [258-11.] Stren-u-ous-ly (streVuSis-l&), ad. Vigorously. Stren-u-ous-ness (streVu N us-n£s), n. State of being strenuous Stress, n. Importance,* weight; force. Stretch (stretsh), v. t. To ex- tend ; to spread ; to exaggerate : — v. L, to be drawn out; to be extended; to exaggerate: — n., extension, reach, effort. Stretch'es, n. pi. and^>r». t. 3. Strew (stru or strd), v. t. [STREWED — STREWED, STROWN.] To spread by scattering; to strow. *Stri-jE (strl'e), n. pi. Small chan- nels in shells. Stri-ate (strl'lt), ) a. Having Stri-a-ted (strl'aH£d), j strige. Stricken, p. prf. of strike. Strick-le (strik'kl), n. An in- strument for levelling grain. Strict (strlkt), a. Exact, severe. Strict-ly (strikt'le), ad. With severity; rigorously, exactly. Strict-ness (strlkt'nSs), n. Exact- ness, severity, rigor. Stric-ture (strlk'tshur), n. Con- traction; a slight touch; censure. StrIde, v. i. [strode, strid, or STRIDED — STRIDDEN, STRID, Or strided.] To walk with long steps : — v. t. f to cross with one step : — n. y a long step. Stri'ding, p. prs. *Stri-dor (strl'dur), n. A creak- ing sound. Strid-u-lous (stridulus), a. Creaking. StrIfe, n. Contention ; debate ; quarrel. StrIke, v. t. [struck — struck or stricken.] To hit with a blow; to lower, as a flag; to beat; to stamp: — v. i., to make a quick blow ; to combine for higher wa- ges : — n. y an instrument for lev- elling a measure of grain. Striking, p. prs.: — a., surprising, affecting, impressive. Stri-king-ly (strl'klng^le), ad. So as to impress or surprise. String, n. A slender rope ; a se- ries ; a cord ; a nerve, a ten- don : — v. t. [strung or stringed — strung or stringed], to fur- nish with strings; to put on a string. String-ed (strlngd), a. Having strings. *Strin-gen-cy (strln'jeVse), n. Tightness, pressure. Strin-gent (strin'jent), a. Binding. String-halt. See springhalt String-i-ness (string'e x n£s), n. The quality of being stringy. String-y (strlng'e), a. [string- er — stringiest.] Fibrous, ropy. StrIp, v. t. To make naked ; to rob ; to pillage : — n. } a narrow shred, a slip. (ap.p. — of.) Stripping, p. prs. Strip'ped, p. prf. STR STU nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pSund — «Mn, THis. STU StrIpe, v. t. To variegate with lines of different colors [363-28]: — n., a variation of colors ; a lash ; affliction. Stri'ping, p. prs. Strip-ling (stripping), n. A lad. a young man. STRIVE, V. i. [STRIVED Or STROVE — strived or striven.] To con tend; to struggle, (ap. p. — with, against.) Stri'ving, p. prs. Strode, pst. t. of stride. Str6ke, n. A blow ; a sound ; an effort; a touch: — v. t, to rub gently; to make smooth. Stro'king, p. prs. Strokes-man (str6kes'man), n. The hindmost rower in a boat. Strokes'men, n. pi. Stroll (str61e), v. i. To wander; to rove; to ramble. [20-14.] Str6ng, a. Vigorous; potent; co- gent ; offensive ; bright. Strong-hold (str6ng'h61d), n. A fortified place. [powerfully. STR0NG-LY(str6ng'le),a^. Forcibly, Stron-ti-um (stron'she^um), n. A white, heavy metal. StrSp, n. A strap. *Stro-phe (str6'fe), n. The first stanza of an ode sung in parts. Strove, pst t. of strive. *Strow (str6), v. t. [strowed — strowed or strown.] To spread by scattering; to strew. Strown, p. prf. of strown and STREW. Struck, pst. t. of strike. #*Struc-tur-al (struk'tshur^al), a. Relating to structure. Struc-ture (struk'tshur), n. An edifice ; form ; a fabric ; manner of building. [66-17.] Strug-gle (strug'gl), v. i. To strive; to contend: — n., labor; effort; agony. [69-12.] Struggling, p. prs. Stru-ma (str66'ma), n. Scrofula. Strung, pst. t. smdp.prf. of string. Strut, v. i. To walk with affected dignity : — n., an affected walk. Strut'ting, p. prs. Strut'ted, p. prf. Strych-ni-a (strik'ne^a), } *Strych-nine (strik'nine), j The poisonous principle of nux vomica. Stub, v. t. To force or grub up ; to strike the toes against an ob- ject : — n., a log, a block. Stub'bing, p. prs. Stub-bed (stubd), p. prf. Stub-bed (stub'bed), a. Short and thick. Stub-bed-ness (stub'be^nes), n. State of being stubbed. Stub-ble (stub'bl), n. The stalks of grain left by reapers. Stub-born (stub'burn), a. Ob- stinate, inflexible. Stub-born-ly (stub'burnHe), ad, Obstinately, inflexibly. *Stub-born-ness (stub'btirn^nes), Obstinacy. Stub-by (stub'be), a. [stubbier — stubbiest.] Full of stubs ; short and thick. Stub-Nail (stub'nale), n. A short, thick nail. *Stuc-co (stuk'k6), n. A fine plaster for walls : — v. t., to plas- ter with stucco. Stuck, pst. t. and p. prf. of stick. Stud, n. A postf a stake ; a nail with a large head driven for or- nament ; a piece of jewelry worn in shirt-bosoms ; a set of horses : — v. t., to adorn with studs. Stud'ding, p. prs. Stud'ded, p. prf. *Stud-ding-Sail (stud'ding^sale), n. A sail set beyond the princi- pal sails. Stu-dent (sfru'dent), n. A man given to books ; one pursuing a regular course of study. *Stu-di-o (stiVde x 6), n. The work- shop of an artist. Stu'di v os, n. pi. Stu-di-ous (stu'de x us), a. Given to books; attentive, diligent. Stu-di-ous-ly (stu'de v us-le), ad. Attentively, diligently. Stu-Di-ous-ness (stu'de y us-n§s), n. Addiction to study. Stud-y (stud'e), n. Application to books and learning ; attention ; apartment for books : — v. i., to think closely : — v. t., to consider attentively. *St(td'ies, n. pi. Sindprs. t. 3. Stud'i-ed, p. prf. : — a., learned ; versed; premeditated. Stuff, n. Any matter; materials; furniture; medicine; cloth: — v. t., to fill; to swell: — v. i., to feed gluttonously. Stuffing, p. prs.: — n., that by which any thing is filled ; relish- ing ingredients put into meat. Stul-ti-fy (stul'te^i), v. t. [prs. t. 3, stultifies.] To make foolish. Stul'tiVi-ed, p. prf. Stum, n. Unfermented wine. Stum-ble (stum'bl), v. i. To trip; to slip ; to err : — n. f a trip ; a blunder. Stum'bling, p. prs. Stum-bling-Block (stum'bling- N bl6k), n. That which causes stumbling or offense. Stum-bling-Stone (stum'bllng- x stdne), n. Same as stumbling- block, which see. Stump, n. That part of any solid body remaining after amputa- tion ; a place for haranguing : — a. f spoken on the stump : — v. t. or v. %., to walk clumsily ; to ad- dress on political subjects. Stump-y (stump'e), a. Full of stumps; short; stubby. Stun, v. t. To confound or make senseless with a blow or noise. [222.] Stun'ning, p. prs. Stun'ned, p. prf. Stung, pst. t. and p. prf. of sting. 4S9 STY SUB Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, SUB Stunt, v. t. To hinder from growth. *Stupe, v. t. To foment: — n., cloth for fomentations. Stu'ping, p. prs. STU-PE-FAC-TiON(\stu-pe-fak'shun) n. Stupidity j a senseless state. Stu-pe-fac-tive ( N stu-pe-fak'tlv), a. Causing insensibility. -Stu-pe-fy (stu'pe x fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, stupefies.] To make stupid. Stu'pffi-ed, p. prf. *Stu-pen-dous (stu-peVdus), a. Wonderful, amazing, astonish- ing. [69-25.] [287-2.] Stu-pen-dous-ly (stti-peVdus v le), ad. In an astonishing manner. Stu-pen-dous-ness (stu-peVdus v nls), n. State of being stu- pendous. Stu-pid (stu'pid), a. Dull, heavy, foolish. Stu-pid-i-ty (stu-pld'eH&), n. Dullness, heaviness of mind. Stu-pidVties, n. pi. Stu-pid-ly (stu'pid v le), ad. Dully. Stu-pid-ness (stu'pidWs), n. Stupidity. *Stu-por (stu'pur), n. Suspension of sensibility, numbness. Stur-di-ly (stur'de'l£),ad. Boldly, stoutly. STUR-Di-NESs(stur r de > nSs), n. Stout- ness, hardiness. Stur-dy (stur'd£), a. [sturdier — sturdiest.] Hardy, stout. *Stur-geon (stur'jun), n. A large fish. Stut-ter (stut'tdr), v. i. To stam- mer ; to hesitate in speech. Sty (sti), n. A place for hogs ; a small tumor on the eyelid : — v. t., to enclose in a sty. Sti'ed, p. prf. *Sties, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Styg-i-an (stij'e^an), a. Infernal: — a., relating to the river Styx. Styx (stlks), n. In Mythology, a river crossed by the dead. 490 Style (sttle), n. Manner of speak ing or writing ; title ; a gnomon : — see stile [163-10] : — v. t., to call ; to name ; to term. *Sty'ling, p. prs. In Chronology, the term old style is applied to the calendar established by Julius Caesar, in which, years divisi ble by 4 contained 366 days : new style to that established by Pope Gregory XIII., in 1582, in which year the 5th of October was reckoned the 15th, to bring back the equinoxes to the same days of the year upon which they occurred in a.d. 325, the year in which the Council of Nice met. In new style leap-years are those which are divisible by 4, ex- cepting all which are divisible by 100 and not by 400. In Great Britain the New Style was adopted in 1752 by reckoning the 3d of September as the 14th. Previous to 1752 the legal year commenced on the 25th of March. The Old and New Styles now differ 12 days. Russia is the only coun try that adheres to the Old Style. See year. Sty-let (stl'let), n. A small dag- ger, a stiletto. % '••Sty-lish (sti'lish), a. Showy. *Styp-tic (stip'tik), n. An astrin- gent medicine : — a., astringent. *Sua-sion (swa'zhun), n. Act of persuading. Sua-sive (swa'slv), \ a. Hav- Sua-sor-y (swa'siirVe), j ing a tendency to persuade. Suav-i-ty (swav'e x te),n. Sweetness, mildness, softness. SuavVties, n. pi. Sub-ac-id (sub-as'sld), a. Sour in a small degree. Sub-ac-rid (sdb-ak'rid), a. Pun- gent in a small degree. *Sub-al-tern (sub'arte'rn or sub- altern), n. An inferior officer : — a., inferior. *Sub-com-mit-tee ( v sub-k6m-imY- tee), n. A subordinate committee. Sub-dea-con (sub'de x kn), n. An under-deacon. Sub-di-vide ( x sub-de-vlde')> v. t. To divide again. v Sub-di-vi'ding,^>. prs. Sub-di-vi-sion fsub-de-vizh'un), n. The act of subdividing. *Sub-du-a-ble (sub-du'a N bl), a. Possible to be subdued. Sub-duce (sub-duse'), ) v. t. To Sub-duct (sub-dukf), j takeaway. ^Sub-du'cing, p. prs. Sub-due (sub-du'), v. t. To con- quer; to tame; to melt. *Sub-du'ing, p. prs. Sub-ja-cent (sub-ja'sent), a. Ly- ing under. Sub-ject (sub'je'kt), n. One who lives under the dominion of an- other; that on which any opera- tion is performed; topic; theme [53-25] [289-3] :— a., placed or situated under; exposed, liable. (ap. p. — to.) Sub-ject (sub-jekf), v. t. To put under ; to enslave ; to expose ; to reduce; to make liable. Sub-jec-tion (sub-jek'shun), n. The state of being under govern- ment; subjugation; slavery. Sub-ject-ive (siib-je'kt'lv), a. Re- lating to a subject. SUB-JEC-TIVE-LY (sub-j^k'tlv'le), ad. In the state or manner of a subject. Sub-jec-tiv-i-ty ( x sub-j§k-tiv'e- v te), n. State of being subjective. Sub-join (sub-j6in'), v. t. To add at the end. [279-15.] Sub-ju-gate ( sub 'j ungate), v. t. To conquer; to subdue; to bring under control. *Sub'ju x ga-ting, p. prs. Sub-ju-ga-tion (^sub-ju-ga'shun), n. The act of subduing. [359-16.] SUB nor, n&t- SUB -tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p5und — thm, this. SUB Sub-junc-tive (sub-jungk'tlv), a. Subjoined to something else. Sub-li-ma-ble (sub-U'rna v bl), a. Capable of being sublimed. Sub -li-mate (sub'le x mit), n. A substance sublimated : — a., re- fined ; raised by sublimation. Sub-li-mate (sub'le'mate), v. t. To refine by heat; to convert into vapor and condense again; to exalt ; to sublime. Sub'li v ma-ting, p. prs. S ub -li-m a-tion ( x sub-le-ma'shun), n. Act of sublimating. Sub-lime (sub-lime'), a. Grand; high, lofty [66-3] : — n., grand or lofty style : — v. t., to sublimate : to raise ; to exalt.f Sub-li'ming, p. prs. Sub-lime-ly (sub-llme'l£), ad. Loftily; grandly. Sub-lime-ness (sub-llme'nes), ) Sub-lim-i-ty (sub-lim'eHe), J n ' Loftiness of style or sentiment; elevation ; grandeur. [289.] Sub-limVties, ?». pi. S ub-lin-e-a-tion ( v sub-lln-£-a'- shun), n. A line drawn under a word. Sub-lu-nar (sub-lii'nar), j *Sub-lu-na-ry (subWna-r£), j °" Under the moon ; earthly ; ter- restrial. [320-11.] Sub-ma-rine ( v sub-ina-r£eV), a. Lying under the sea. [57-1.] ♦Sub-merge (sub-merje'), v. t. To put under wliter. Sub-mer'ging, p. prs. Sub-mer-sion (silb-iner'shun), n. The act of submerging. Sub-mis-sion (sub-mish'un), n. Resignation, obedience ; compli- ance ; act of submitting. [112-1.] [267-23.] Sub-mis-sive (sub-mis'slv), a. Humble; compliant, (ap.p. — to.) Sub-mis-sive-ly (sub-rnis'slv v le), ad. Humbly, with submission. Sub-mis-sive-ness (siib-nns'siv- v n£s), n. Submission. Sub-mit (sub-mlt'), v. t. To resign to authority ; to yield ; to refer : — v. i,, to be subject; to surren- der, (ap. p.— to.) [202-18.] Sub-mit'ting, p. prs. Sub-mit'ted, p. prf. Sub-mul-ti-ple (sub-mul'te^pl), n. An aliquot or even part. *Sub-nas-cent (sub-nas'sSnt), a. Growing beneath. Sub-or-di-na-cy (sub 6r'de N na-se), n. The state of being subject. Sub-or-di-nate (sub-6r'de x nit), a. Inferior in authority or rank : — n., one inferior in authority or rank. SUB-OR-DI-NATE-LY (sub-oYdeVllt- le), ad. In a subordinate manner. Sub-or-di-na-tion (siib y 6r-de-na'- shun), ii. State of being infe- rior; subjection. [267-24.] Sub-orn (siib-drn'), v. t. To pro- cure to testify falsely. [100-18.] *Sub-or-na-tion ( N sub-6r-na'- shun), n. The act of suborning. Sub-pe-na | (sub-pe'na), n. A *Sub-pce-na J writing command- ing attendance as a witness : — v. t. f to serve with a subpoena. Sub-pos-i-tive (sub-p6z / e v tlv), a. Noting a degree of comparison below the positive ; as, blackish. Sub-scribe (sub-skribe'), v. t. To consent or attest by underwriting one's name : — v. i.,to promise by underwriting one's name. Sub-scri'bing, p. prs, Sub-scrip-tion (sub-skrlp'shun), n. Any thing underwritten ; act of contributing to an undertaking; that which is subscribed. Sub-se-quence (sub'se x kwense), n. The state of following. Sub-se-quent (sub'se v kwe , nt), a. Following in train, coming after. [134-14.] Sub-se-quent-ly (sub'se^kwe'nt- le), ad. Afterward in time. Sub-serve (sub-seiV), v. t. To serve ins truuien tally, to promote. Sub-serVing, p. prs. SuB-SERv-i-ENCE(sub-serv'e x ense), n. Subserviency. *Sub-serv-i-en-cy (sub-seVv'e^en- se), n. Fitness, instrumentality. [47-7.] *Sub-serv-i-ent (sub-se'rv'e^ent), a. Subordinate, instrumental. Sub-side (sub-side'), v. i. To tend downwards; to sink; to settle; to abate.f Sub-si'ding, p. prs. Sub-si-dence (sub-sl'dense), j *SuB-si-DEN-CY(sub-si'd§n N se) J n * The act of subsiding. *Sub-sid-i-a-ry (sub-sld'e^a-re), a. Assistant, helping. [306-15.] *Sub-si-dize (sub's&Mlze), v. t. To give money for assistance. Sub'si v di-zing, p. prs. Sub-si-dy (sub's£ N d£), n. Aid in money to purchase assistance. *Sub'si v dies, n. pi. Sub-sist (sub-sist'), v. i. To con- tinue ; to have means of living [266] : — v. t. f to maintain. Sub-sist-ence (stib-sist'ense), n. Sustenance; means of support; being. [182-14.] [71-16.] Sub-sist-ent (sub-sist'ent), a. Having real being. Sub-soil (sub'sdll), n. The layer of soil under the superficial soil. Sub-stance (sub'stanse), n. Be- ing ; essential part, body; wealth. [180-4.] [54-31.] Sub-stan-tial (sub-stan'shal), a. Real, solid, corporeal. [185-5.] *SUB-STAN-TI-AL-I-TY (siWstan- she-al'le v t£), n. Real existence : state of being substantial. Sub-stan-tial-ly (sub-stan'shal- le), ad. Strongly, with solidity. Sub-stan-tial-ness (sub-stan'- shal x nes), n. Substantiality. Sub-stan-tials (sub-stan'shalz), n. pi. Material or essential parts. Sub-stan-ti-ate (sub-stan'she 1 - v ate), v. t. To establish by proof; to verify. 491 SUB sue Fate, far, fill, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, sue *Sub-stan'ti v a-ting, p. pV8. StJB-STAN-TIVE (sub'stan^tlv), 11. A noun; the name of something that exists: — a., noting exist- ence. Sub-stan-tive-ly (sub'stanHiv- le), ad. As a substantive ; in substance. Sub-sti-tute (suVsteHute), v. t. To put in the place of another : — n., one acting for another ; that which is put in place of an- other, (ap. p. — for.) Sub'sti tu-ting, p. prs. Sub-sti-tu-tion ( N sub-ste-tu'shun), n. The putting of one thing for another. #SuB-STI-TU-TION-AL (Vlb-Ste-tu'- shun^al), a. Relating to substi- tution. *Sub-stra-tum (sub-stra'tum), n. A stratum lying under another. Sub-stra'ta, n. pi. *Sub-style (sub'stlle), n. The right line on which the style of a dial is fixed. Sub-tend (sub-tend'), v. t. To ex- tend under. Sub-tense (s&b-t&nse'), n. The chord of an arc. Sub-ter-flu-ent (sub-tur'flu v ent), *Sub-ter-flu-ous (sub-tur'flu x us), a. Flowing under. *Sub-ter-fuge (sub'teVfuje), n. A shift, an evasion. [383-6.] Sub-ter-ra-ne-an ( N sub-ter-ra'ne- x an), a. Subterraneous.f *Sub-ter-ra-ne-ous fsub-ter-ra'- ne'us), a. Lying under the earth. [22-26.] *Sub-tile (sub'tll or sut'tl), a. Thin, fine, rare ; acute. *Sub-tile-ly (sub'tirie), ad. In a subtile manner ; finely. Sub-til-i-za-tion ( v sub-tll-e-za/- shun), n. Refinement; the act of making thin, fine, or rare. Sub-til-ize (sub'tirize), v. t. To make thin or fine ; to refine. *Sub'til n i-zing, p. prs, 492 *SuB-TIL-TY (suVtllH^ Or Stlt'tl- v te), n. Thinness; nicety; fine- ness. Sub'til x ties, n. pi. *Subt-le (sut'tl), a. Sly, artful, cunning. [368-23.] *Subt-le-ty (sut'tPte), n. Artful- ness, cunning,acuteness.[236-10.] *SUBT-LE-TIES (sUt'tftlz), 71. pi. *Subt-ly (stifle), ad. Artfully, slily. Sub-tract (sub-trakf), v. t. To take from a greater; to deduct. (ap. p. — from.) *Sub-trac-tion (sub-trak'shun), n. The taking of a less number from a greater, deduction. Sub-tra-hend fsub-tra-hend'), n. The number to be subtracted, Sub-urb (sub'urb), n. The outer parts of a city; the confines.f *Sub-ur-ban (sub-ur'ban), a. In- habiting the suburbs. Sub-va-ri-e-ty ( x siib-va-rl'e v te), n. A subordinate variety. v Sub-va-ri'e ties, n. pi. Sub-ver-sion (siib-veVshun), n Overthrow, ruin, downfall. Sub-ver-sive (sub-ver'siv), a Tending to overturn or subvert. Sub-vert (sub-veVt'), v. t. To de- stroy ; to overthrow ; to upset ; to corrupt. [259-1.] Sub-vert-i-ble (stib-veWe^bl), a. Possible to be subverted. *Suc-ce-da-ne-um ( x suk-se-da'n&- Mm), n. A substitute. v Suc-ce-da'ne x as, V S uc-ce-da'neVms, Suc-ceed (suk-seed'), v. i. To fol- low in order; to prosper; to be successful : — v.t.,to follow,to come after; to obtain an object desired. Suc-cess (suk-seV), n. The happy termination of an affair ; good fortune, prosperity. Suc-cess'es, n. pi. Suc-cess-ful (suk-ses'ful), a. For-i tunate, prosperous, happy. Suc-cess-ful-ly (suk-seVfuTte), ad. Luckily, prosperously. SUC-CESS-FUL-NESS (suk-SCs'fdl- Ws), n. Happy conclusion ; success. Suc-ces-sion (suk-sesh'un), n. A series of things or persons ; order of descendants ; right of inherit- ance. [71-27.] [265-2.] Suc-ces-sion- al (siik-sesh'un'al), a. Relating to succession. Suc-ces-sive (suk-seVsiv), a. Fol- lowing in order ; serial ; consecu- tive. [142-23.] [240-17.] Suc-ces-sive-ly (suk-seVslv^le), ad. In uninterrupted order ; consecutively. Suc-ces-sive-ness (suk-seVsiv- N nes), n. State of being suc- cessive. *Suc-ces-sor (suk-seVsiir), n. One who succeeds to another. *Suc-cinct (suk-singkf), a. Con- cise, brief. Suc-cinct-ly (suk-slngkt'le), ad. Briefly, concisely. Suc-ciNCT-NESs(suk-singkt'n§s),n. Conciseness ; brevity. *Suc-cor (suk'kur), v. t. To help ; to relieve [142-25] : — n. } assist- ance, aid, relief. *Suc-co-tash (suk'k6Hash), n. Unripe corn and beans boiled together. *Suc-cu-len-cy (suk'kti'len-se), n. Juiciness. Suc-cu-lent (suk'ku^lent), a. Full of sap, moist, juicy. *Suc-cumb (suk-kfimb'), v. i. To yield; to submit; to sink. *Suc-cus-sion (suk-kush'un), n. A shaking. Such (sutsh), a. Of that, or of the like. (cor. c. — as, that.) Suck (suk), v. t. or v. i. To draw in with the mouth; to imbibe; to draw in : — n., the act of sucking. *Suck-er (suk'iir), n. One who, or that which, sucks; a young twig; a fish. Suck-lb (suk'kl), v. t. To nurse. Suck'ling, p. prs. SUF STTI n5r, n&t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — pftund — thin, this. STJL 3 , p. prf. *Sul-phate (sul'fit), n. A com- pound of sulphuric acid and a base : — see vitriol. Sul-phur (sul'fur), n. Brimstone, a yellow, brittle, combustible, non-metallic element. *Sul-phu-rate (sul'fuVate), V. t. To subject to the action of sulphur. Sul'phu n ra-ting, p. prs. *Sul-phu-rate (sulWrit), a. Per- taining to sulphur. Sul-phu-ra-tion ( x sul-fu-ra r shun), n. Subjection to the action of sulphur. SuL-PHu-RE-ous(sul-fu're v us), ) *Sul-phur-ous (suFfurMs), J a ' Containing sulphur.f *Sul-phu-ret (suffuVeH), n. A combination of sulphur with a base. *Sul-phu-ric (sul-fu'rlk), a. Per- taining to sulphur. 493 SUM SUN Fate, far, fall, fat — me, m&t — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, SUP Sul-phur-y (sul'furV6), a. Par- taking of, or like, sulphur. Sul-tan (sul'tan), n. The Emperor of Turkey. Sul-ta-na (s&l-ta'na or sul-ta'na), n. The wife of an Eastern em- peror. [287-14.] Sul-tan-ess (sul'tan^s), ». A sultana. Sul'tan x ess-es, n. pi. *Sul-tri-ness (suTtre ,x ne , s), n. The state of being sultry. Sul-try (suTtr&), a. [sultrier — sultriest.] Hot and close; op- pressive with heat. [287-26.] Sum, n. The whole of any thing; amount; height; completion; a quantity of money: — v. t., to compute; to collect; to add. Sum'ming, p. prs. Sum'med, p. prf. Su-mac \ (shu'mak), n. A plant, *Su-mach I rhus. Sum-less (sum'l^s), a. Countless. *Sum-ma-ri-ly (sum'maVd-16), ad. In a summary manner. Sum-ma-ry (sum'maV&), a. Short, brief, compendious : — n., abridg- ment; compendium. *Sum'ma v ries, n. pi. Sum-ma-tion (sum-ma'shiin), n. Computation; aggregate. Sum-mer (sum'mur), n. The hot season ; June, July, and August; the principal beam of a floor: — v. i., to pass the summer. SUM-MER-SET. See SOMERSET. Sum-mit (sum'mit), n. The utmost height, the top. Sum-mon (sum'mun), v. t. To call with authority; to cite; to bid; to invite. [118-37.] [259-2.] Sum-mons ( sum'mun z), n. A call of authority ; a writ. Sum'mons x es, n. pi. *Sump-ter (suin'tur), n. A horse of burden. *Sump-tu-a-ry (sum'tshu'a-re*), a. Relating to expense, regulating expense. 494 Sump-tu-ous (sum'tshMs), Costly, expensive; splendid. [70.] Sump-tu-ous-ly (sum / tshu v us-le), ad. Expensively. *Sump-tu-ous-ness (sum'tshMs- nls), n. Costliness, splendor. Sun, n. The luminary that en- lightens and warms the earth ; light and heat of the sun : — v. t., to expose to the sun. Sun'ning, p. prs. Sun'ned, p. prf. Sun-beam (sun'b£em), n. A ray of the sun. Sun-beat (sun'beet), 1 a. Tan Sun-burnt (sun'burnt), J ned by the sun. Sun-bright (sun'brlte), a. Bright as the sun. Sun-day (sun'd£), n. The first day of the week; the Christian sab- bath. Sun-der (sun'ddr), v. t. To part ; to divide: — n., two parts. Sun-di-al (sun'dral), n. A plate marked and placed so that the sun's shadow shows the hour. Sun-dry (sun'dre), a. Several. Sun-dries (sun'drlz), n. pi. Sev- eral things. Sung, £>s*. t. and^?. prf. of sing. Sunk, pst. t. and p. prf. of sink. Sunk-en (sungk'e'n), a. Lying low; sunk. Sun-less (sun'le's), a. Wanting the light or warmth of the sun. Sun-light (sun'llte), n. Light of the sun. Sun-lit (sun'llt), a. Lighted by the sun. Sun-ny (sun'n^), a. [sunnier — sunniest.] Bright; exposed to the sun. Sun-rise (sun'rlze), \ n. The Sun-ri-sing (sun'rMng), j first appearance of the sun; the east; the beginning of the day. Sun-set (sun's£t), n. The close of the day; the disappearance of the sun ; the west. Sun-shine (sun'shlne), n. Action of the sun. Sun-shi-ny (suVshrn&), a. Bright with the sun. Sun-stroke (stin'str&ke), n. A disease produced by the heat of the sun. Sup, v. t. To drink by sups ; to sip: — v. L, to eat the evening meal : — n., a small draught. Sup'ping, p. prs. Sup'ped, p. prf. Su-per-a-ble (su'puVa-bl), a. Possible to be overcome; con- querable. Su-per-a-ble-ness (su'puVa-bl- Ws), n. The quality of being superable. Su-PER-A-BOUNDpsu-pSr-a-bdund') v. i. To be exuberant. ' Su-per-a-bun-dance fsu-pe'r-a- btin'danse), n. More than enough. Su-per-a-bun-dant (Nsii-pe'r-a- bun'dant), a. Being more than enough. SU-PER-A-BUN-DANT-LY ( X SU-peVa- bun'dant'lej. ad. Excessively; in great plenty. Su-per-add fsti-pe ! r-ad')> v. t. To add over and above. Su-per-an-gel-ic (^su-pSr-an-jeT- ik), a. Superior to the angels. Su-per-an-nu-ate (^su-pe'r-aVnu- x ate), v. t. To impair by age. [366-16.] *^Su-per-an'nu\a.-ting, p. prs. " Su-per-an-nu-a-tion ( N su-peVan- nu-a'shun), n. Disqualification by age. Su-perb (su-pSrb'), a. Pompous, grand. *Su-perb-ly (su-peWte), ad. In a splendid manner. Su-per-car-go ( x su-p§r-kar'g6), ». An officer who manages the trade of a ship. * n Su-per-car'goes, n. pi. *Su-per-cil-ious (^su-peV-sll'- yus), a. Haughty, disdainful. [53-lOJf SUP SUP nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 511- -p6und — thin, this. SUP Su-per-cil-ious-ly ( v su-p3r-sll'- yusle), ad. In a supercilious manner, haughtily. [224-14.] Su-per-cil-ious-ness ( v su-per-slF- yus N n§s), n. Haughtiness. Su-per-em-i-nencje ( N su-p£r-e i m'e- Wnse), n. Superior eminence. Su-per-em-i-nent (^su-p^r-eW^- Wnt), a. Eminent in a high degree. Su-per-em-i-nent-ly (^su-peV-em'- e v nent-le), ad. Very eminently. Su-per-er-o-gate (Vi-pSr-er'6- x gate), v. i. To do more than duty. * x S[j-per-erVga-ting, p. prs. Su-per-er-o-ga-tion ( v su-peVer-6- ga'shun), w. Doing more than duty. *Su-PER-E-ROG-A-TOR-Y( r SU-per-e- r6g'a x tur-re or N su-per-eY6 x ga- tur v re), a. Exceeding duty. *SlT-PER-EX-CEL-LENCE ( V SU-per- ek'seTlense), n. Superior ex- cellence. StJ-PER-EX-CEL-LENT ( V SU-per~ek'- seTlent), a. Uncommonly ex- cellent. Su-per-fi-cial ( x su-per-flsh'al), a. Lying on the surface ; shallow.f *Su-per-fi-cial-ly ( v su-per-flsh'- aPle), ad. On the surface. Su-PER-Fi-ciAL-NESs( A su-per-fish/- aPnes), n. Shallowness. *Su-PER-Fi-ciEs( v su-per-fIsh / ez),n. Outside ; surface. Su-per-fine ( v su-p&r-flne'o7-su'per- N fine), a. Eminently fine. Su-per-flu-i-ty ( v su-per-flu'e N te), n. More than enough. [22 5-19. J * X SU-PER-FLU'l V TIES, n. pi. Su-per-flu-ous (su-per'fiu v us), a. Exuberant,unnecessary. [185-7.] SlJ-PER-FLU-OUS-NESS (sU-peVfiu- N us-nes), w. State of being su- perfluous. Su-per-hu-man ( x su-per-hu'man), a. Beyond what is human. Su-per-im-pose fsu-per-lm-pdzeO, v. t. To lay on something, V StJ-PER-IM-PO'SING, p. prs. Su-per-in-cttm-bent ( x su-per-ln- kum'bent), a. Lying on the top of something else. Stj-per-in-duce (^su-per-in-duse'), v. t. To bring in as an addition. * X Su-PER-IN-DU'CING, p. prs. Su-per-in-duc-tion ( v sii-per-ln- duk'shun), n. The act of super- inducing. Su-per-in-tend (^su-pe'r-ln-te'nd'), v. t. To oversee ; to direct ; to control. *Su-per-in-tend-ence ( N su-per-in- tend^nse), n. Superintendency. Su-per-in-tend-en-cy ( x su-per-ln- tend'en x se), n. Act of oversee- ing, direction. r Su-PER-IN-TEND'EN X CIES, U. pi. *SlJ-PER-IN-TEND-ENT ( N SU-per-ln- tend'ent), n. One who overlooks others ; an overseer : — a. y over- looking with authority. Su-pe-ri-or (su-pe'reNir), a. Pref- erable ; greater, higher : — n., the chief personage of an abbey; one more excellent than another. *Su-pe-ri-or-i-ty (su'pe-re-6r'e- . x te), n. Pre-eminence, the quality of being greater; higher rank. Su-per-la-tive (su-peYlaMv), a. Implying the highest degree : — «., an adjective or adverb in the superlative degree. SU-PER-LA-TIVE-LY (sU-peVliTtlv- le), ad. In the highest degree. StT-PER-LA-TIVE-NESS (sU-peVla- Hlv-n£s), n. State of being su- perlative. Su-per-lu-nar ( v su-per-lu'nar), a. Placed above the moon. Su-per-nal (su-per'nal), a. Celes- tial ; placed above. *Su-PER-NA-TANT( N su-per-na / tant), a. Swimming on the surface. Su-per-nat-u-ral ( v su-per-natsh'- uVal), a. Above the powers of nature; miraculous. [167-30.] Su-per-nat-u-ral-ism ( x su-per- natsh'u x ral-lzm), n. The doctrine of supernatural influence. Su-per-nat-u-ral-ly ( x su*per- natsh'uVal-le), ad. In a super- natural manner. *SU-PER-NU-MER-A-RY (^SU-pei'- nu/meYa-re), a. Above a stated or usual number : — n., a person or thing above the usual number. x Su-per-nu'mer x a-ries, n. pi. Su-per-roy-al psu.-pe'r-rde'al), a. Denoting the largest size of printing-paper. Su-PER-SAT-u-RATE( v su-per-satsh / - u v rate), v. t. To saturate to excess. ^Su-per-sat'u'ra-ting, p. prs. Su-per-scribe ( v su-per-skribe')>v.£. To inscribe upon the top or out- side ; to direct, as a letter. v Su-per-scri'bing, p. prs. Su-per-scrip-tion (^su-pe'r-skiip'- shun), n. A writing on the top or outside ; direction. Su-per-sec-u-lar ( N su-pe , r-sek'u- x lar), a. Being above the world. Su-per-sede ( N su-per-seM')> v. t. To make void; to set aside. "^Su-per-se'ding, p. prs. -Su-per-se-de-as ( v su-per-se'de- x as), n. In Law, a writ to stay proceedings. *Stt-per-sed-ure ('su-per-seed'- ure), n. Act of superseding. Su-per-sti-tion (Nsu-pSr-stlsh'un), n. False religion; unfounded belief in omens; false worship. [167-18.] *Su-per-sti-tious ( v su-per-stlsh'- tls), a. Addicted to superstition. [43-14.] Su-PER-STi-Tious-LY( x su-per-stish'- us v le), ad. In a superstitious manner. Su-per-sti-tious-ness ( x su-per- stish'tisWs), n. Superstition. Su-PER-STRUCT(^su-per-strukt / )jV.f. To build upon any thing. Su-PER-STRUC-TiON( N su-per-struk'- shun), n. An edifice raised on any thing. Su-PER-STRUC-TiVE( N su-per-struk'- tiv), a. Built on something else. 495 SUP Fite, far, fill, fat- SUP -me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, SUR Su-PER-STRUc-TURE( , sa-per-strdk / - tshur), n. That which is built upon something else. Su-per-vene fsu-per-veen'), v. i. To come unexpectedly ; to hap- pen in addition. v Su-per-ye'ning, p. prs. *SU-PER-YE-NI-EXT (^SU-pSr-V&'nS- v ent), a. Additional; added. Su-per-ven-tion ( x su-per-veV- shun), n. Act of supervening. *Su-per-vi-sal psu-per-vl'zal), ) Su-PER-vi-siON^su-per-vlzh'un), J n. The act of inspecting. Su-per-vise ( v su-per-vlze'), v. t. To overlook; to superintend. V Su-PER-Vl'SING, p. pr8. *Su-per-vi-sor (Vii-per-vl'zur), n. An overseer, an inspector. *Su-per-vi-sor-y ( x su-per-vl'zur- Ve), a. Having supervision. Su-pi-nate (su'p^nate), v. t. To turn the palm of the hand up- ward : — opposed to pronate. Su'PI^NA-TING, p. pr8. *Su-pi-na-tion ( v su-pe-na'shun), n. The act of supinating; state of being supine. *Su-pi-na-tor (sii'pehia-tur), n. A muscle that supinates. Su-pixe (su'pine), n. A kind of verbal noun. Su-pine (su-plne'), a. Lying with the face upward ; negligent : careless. *Su-pine-ly (su-plne'le), ad. With the face upward ; carelessly. Su-pine-ness (su-pine'nes), n. A lying with the face upward ; in- dolence. Sup-per (sup'pur), n. The even- ing repast. Sup-per-less (siip'purHes), a. Wanting supper. Sup-plant (sup-plan t'), v. t. To displace by stratagem ; to under- mine. Sup-ple (sup'pl), a. Flexible ; pliant : — v. t., to make pliant v. i., to become pliant. 496 Sup'PLING, p. pr8. Sup-ple-ment (sup'ple^ment), n. An addition to supply defects. Sup-ple-ment-al ( x sdp-ple-menf- al), a. Supplementary. *SUP-PLE-MENT-A-RY ( X SUp-ple- ment'aVe), a. Additional. Sup-ple-ness (sup'pl v nes), n. Pli- antness, flexibility. *Sup-ple-tor-y (sup'ple v tur-re), a. Supplying defects : — n., that which supplies deficiencies. Sup'ple x tor-ies, n. pi. Sup-pli-ant (sup'ple'ant), a. En- treating : — n. , an humble peti- tioner. Sup-PLi-ANT-LY(sup'ple'ant-le),acZ. Entreatingly ; submissively. Sup-pli-cant (sdp'ple'kant), n. One who entreats or implores. Sup-pli-cate (sup'ple'kate), v. t. To implore; to entreat; to beg [85]: — v. i., to offer supplication. Sup'pli^ca-ting, p. prs. Sup-pli-ca-tiox ( y sup-ple-ka'- shun), n. Humble petition ; entreaty. Sttp-pli-ca-tor-y (sup'ple^ka-tur- Ve), a. Entreating. Sup-ply (sup-plf), v. t. To give something ; to afford ; to relieve ; to serve instead of; to furnish : — n., relief of want ; stock, store. Sup-pli'ed,£>. prf. Sup-plies', n. pi. and^?r*. t. 3. Sup-port ( sup-port'), v. t. To en- dure ; to sustain ; to prop : — n., prop; maintenance; necessaries of life. Sup-port-a-ble (sup-p6rt'a x bl), a. Admitting support; tolerable. Sup-port-a-ble-ness (sup-p6rt'a- x bl-n£s), n. State of being sup- portable. Sup-port-er (sup-p6rt'ur), n. A prop ; one who supports. Sup-pos-a-ble (sup-p6ze'a x bl), a. Presumable. Sup-pos-al (sup-p6ze'al), n. Posi- tion without proof, supposition. Sup-pose (sup-p6ze'), v. t. To lay down without proof; to assume; to imagine; to conclude. [83-13.] *Si/p-pos'ing, p. prs. Scp-PO-si-TiON( v sup-p6-zlsh'un),n. That which is supposed, opinion, position laid down. [330.] *Sup-pos-i-ti-tious (sup x p6z-e- tlsh'iis), a. Not genuine, coun- terfeit. *Sup-pos-i-ti-tious-ly (sup v p6z- e-tish'us v le), ad. By supposition. Spp-pos-i-tive (sup-poz'e v tiv), a. Supposed. Sup-press (sup-pres'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, suppresses.] To crush ; to conceal ; to subdue ; to quell. Sup-pres-sion (sup-presh'un), n. Act of suppressing. Sup-press-ive (sup-pres'lv), a. Tending to suppress. *Sup-press-or (sup-pres'ur), n. One who suppresses. Sup-pu-rate (stip'puVate), v. U or v. i. To generate pus. *Sup'pu v ra-ting, p. prs. Sup-pu-ra-tion fsiip-pu-ra'shun), n. Formation of pus. Sup-pu-ra-tive (sup'puVa-tlv), n. A suppurating medicine : — a., generating pus. Su-pra-mun-dane ( v su-pra-mtin'- dane), a. Above the world. *Su-prem-a-cy (su-prem'a v se), n. Highest authority; the highest place. [334.] Su-preme (su-preem'), «. Highest in dignity or authority; chief. [187-7.] Su-preme-ly (su-preem'le), ad. In the highest degree. *Su-ral (su'ral), a. Pertaining to the calf of the leg. *Sur-cease (sur-sese'), v. i. To be at an end : — n., cessation. Sur-ceas'ing, p. prs. Sur-charge (sur-tsharje'), v. t. To overburden : — n., an excessive load or charge. Sur-char'ging, p. pw. SUR SUR n6r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -p6und — thin, this. sus *Sur-cin-gle (sur'slng N gl), n. A girth. *Sur-cle (sur'kl), n. A little shoot. Sur-coat (sur'kite), n. A short coat worn over the rest of the dress. Surd, a. Not expressible by num- bers : — n., a number whose root cannot be expressed in figures. Sure (shure), a. Certain,- confi- dent ; secure ; firm : — ad., cer- tainly ; surely. Sure-ly (shure'le), ad. Certainly. SuRE-NESS(shure / ne , s), n. Certainty. *Sure-tt-ship (shure'te v shlp), n. The state of being a bondsman. Sure-ty (shure'te), n. Certainty; security; safety; a bondsman. *Sure'ties, n.pl. Surf, n. The swell of the sea breaking upon the shore. Sur-face (sur'fas), n. Outside ; superficies. *Sur-feit (sur'flt), v. t. or v. i. To make sick with eating: — n., sick- ness or satiety. [143-19.] Surge (surje), n. A swelling sea; a large wave [73-7] : — v. i. y to swell in surges. Sur'ging, p. prs. *Sur-geon (sur'jun), n. One who professes surgery. Sur-geon-cy (sur'junNse), n. The ofiice of a surgeon. Sur'gen v cies, n. pi. Sur-ger-y (sur'jurVe), n. The art of curing injuries by manual operations. Sur-gi-cal (sur'je v kal), a. Per- taining to surgery. Sur-gy (sur'je), a. [surgier — surgiest.] Rising in billows. Sur-li-ly (sur'le N le), ad. In a surly manner. Sur-li-ness (sur'l^n&s), n. Gloomy moroseness. Sur-ly (sur'le), a. [surlier — surliest.] Gloomily morose ; rough; uncivil. [123-9.] 2G Sur-mise (sur-mlze'), v. t. or v. i. To suspect; to think; to imag- ine: — n., conjecture; suspicion; imperfect notion. *Sur-mi'sing, p. prs. Sur-mount (sur-mdunf), v. t. To rise above ; to overcome ; to sur- pass. [81-29.] [281-24.] Sur-mount-a-ble (sur-mMnfaMjl) a. Conquerable ; surpassable. Sur-name (surname), n. The name of a family ; an additional name. Sur-name (sur-name'), v. t. To name by an additional name. Sur-na'ming, p. prs. Sur-pass (sur-pas'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, surpasses.] To excel; to exceed. (192-6.] *Sur-pass-a-ble (sur-pas'a^bl), a. Capable of being surpassed. *Sur-plice (sur'plls), 7i. A cler- gyman's white robe. Sur-plus (sur'plus), n. Overplus; excess. Sur'plus n es, n.pl. *Sur-plus-age (sur'plus^lje), n. Surplus. Sur-pri-sal (sur-prl'zal), n. Act of surprising. Sur-prise (sur-prize'), n. Amaze- ment; wonder; sudden confu- sion: — v. t.j to take unawares; to astonish. *Sur-pris'ing, p. prs. : — a., extra- ordinary, wonderful. Sur-pris'ed, p. prf. (ap. p. — at.) Sur-pris-ing-ly (sur-priz'ing^), ad. With astonishment. *Sur-re-join-der ( x sur-re-j61n'- dur), n. The answer to a rejoin- der: — see reply. #Sur-ren-der (sur-reVdur), v. t. To resign ; to give up : — v. %., to yield : — n., the act of yielding. *Sur-rep-ti-tious fsiir-rSp-tlsh'- us), a. Done by stealth or fraud. Sur-rep-ti-tious-ly ( v sur-r^p- tlsh'uVle), ad. By fraud or stealth. 42* Sur-ro-gate (surWgate), n. A deputy of an ecclesiastical judge ; a delegate; an officer who at- tends to the probate of wills. Sur-round (sur-r6und'), v. t. To encompass; to environ; to en- close. Sur-sol-id (sur-s61'id), n. The fifth power of a number. *Sur-tout (sur-to6f), n. A large overcoat. *Sur- veil-lance (sur-val'yanse), n. Inspection ; superintendence. Sur-vey (sur'va), n. The act of measuring; view; examination; prospect. [66-14.] Sur-vey (sur-va'), v. t. To over- look ; to oversee ; to view ; to measure, as land. [281-28.] Sur-vey'ing, p. prs. : — n., the art of measuring, laying out, and dividing land. Sur-vey-al (sur-va'al), n. The act of surveying. *Sur-vey-or (sur-va'ur), n. An overseer; a measurer of land. *SuR-VEY-OR-SHip(sur-va'ur x ship) n. The ofiice of a surveyor. Sur-vi-val (sur-vl'val), ) Sur-vi- vance (stir-vl'vanse), J n ' The state of outliving another. Sur-vive (sur-vlve'), v. t. To live after; to outlive: — v. i., to remain alive. [32-10.] [274-17.] SuR-Vl'VING, p. pV8. Sur-vi-ver ) (s&r-vl'vur), n. One *Sur-vi-vor J who outlives an- other. [69-1.] *Sur-vi-vor-ship (sur-vi'vur- x shlp), n. The state of survi- ving ; a life-annuity in stock to be enjoyed only by survivors; a tontine. *Sus-cep-ti-bil-i-ty (sus^p-t^- bil'le^te), n. State of being sus- ceptible. Sus-cep-ti-ble (sus-se'p'te^bl), " Sus-cep-tive (sus-sep'tiv), Capable of receiving; feeling; sensitive. 497 '!- sus SWA Fate, far, f3,U, fat — m&, me't — pine, pin — no, move, SWE SlJS-CEP-TI-BLE-NESS (sUS-sSp't^- Nbl-nls), n. Susceptibility. *Sus-cip-i-en-cy (sus-slp'e^n-se), n. Reception; admission. Stjs-cip-i-ent (sus-slp'e N £nt), a. Receiving; admitting: — n. y one who receives. Sus-pect (sus-p§ktO, v. t. To mis- trust ; to doubt ; to think guilty. (ap. p.— of, from, by.) [369-9.] *SlJS-PECT-ED-NESS (sUS-p^kt'^d- v n§s), n. State of being suspected. Sus-pend (sus-pe'nd'), v. t. To hang; to hinder; to delay; to debar for a time from any office or privilege. [125-10.] Sus-pend-er (sus-p^nd'ur), n. One who, or that which, suspends. Sus-pend'ers, n. pi., straps to sus- tain pantaloons. *Sus-pense (sus-pSnse'), n. Un- certainty ; doubt ; indecision. [376-21.] Sus-pen-sion (stis-peVshun), n. Act of delaying ; temporary ces- sation. Sus-pen-sive (sus-pen'siv), a. Doubtful. *Sus-PEN-soR-Y(sus-peVsur N r&), a. Suspending; doubtful. Sus-pi-cion (sus-plsb/un), n. The act of suspecting, mistrust, jeal- ousy. [100-37.] Sus-pi-cious (sus-plsh'us), a. In- clined to suspect, distrustful. #Sus-pi-cious-ly (sus-plsh'uVle), ad. In a suspicious manner. Sus-pi-cious-ness (sus-plsh'us- Ws), n. Tendency to suspicion. *Sus-pi-ral (sus-pl'ral), n. A breathing aperture. Sus-pi-ra-tion f sus-pe-ra'shun), n, A sigh. Sus-pire (sas-plre'), v. i. To sigh. Sus-pi'ring, p. prs. Sus-tain (sus-taW), v. t. To sup- port; to maintain; to bear; to undergo. [52-39.] *Sus-tain-a-ble (sus-tane'a x bl), a. Capable of being sustained, 498 Sus-te-nance (sus'te^nanse), n. Support ; maintenance. [159.] [278-25.] ; *Sut-ler (sut'lur), n. A man who sells provisions to an army. *Sttt-tee (sut-tee'), n. In India, the practice of burning widows on the funeral pile of their husbands. Sut-tle (sut'tl), n. The weight of goods after either the tare or the tret is deducted. *Su-ture (su'tshur), n. A sewing of wounds; a seam, the junction of the bones of the skull. Swab (sw6b), n. A mop for clean- ing floors, &c: — v. t., to wipe after wetting; to clean with a swab. Swab'bing, p. pre. Swab 'bed, p. prf. Swad-dle (sw&d'dl), v. t. To bind, to swathe. [263-16.] *Swad'dling, p. prs. : — «., clothes bound around the body. Swag, v. i. To sink down by its weight ; to lean. Swag'ging, p. prs. Swag'ged, p. prf. Swag-ger (swag'gur), v. i. To bluster; to brag: — n., an empty boast ; bluster ; brag. Swag-gy (swag'ge), a. Dependent by its weight. *Swain (swane), n. A pastoral youth ; a rustic ; a lover. Swale. See sweal. Swal-low (sw61'16), n. A small bird ; the throat : — v. t., to take down the throat ; to absorb. Swam, pat. t. of swim. Swamp (sw6mp), n. A marsh, a bog : — v. t. or v. i., to sink, as in a swamp. Swamp-y (sw6mp'e), a. [swamp- ier — swampiest.] Boggy, fenny. Swan (sw6n or swan), n. A large water-fowl. *Swan's-Down (sw6nz'd6un or swanz'ddun), «. A fine cloth. Swan-skin (sw6n'skin or swan'- skin), n. A kind of soft flannel. Swap. See swop. Sward, n. The grassy surface of ground; green turf: — v. t., to cover with sward. Swarm, n. A great number of bees, . prs. : — a., huge. j^t** Swingeing retains the final e of swinge, so as to be distinguished from swinging. Swin-gle (swing / gl), v. t. To clean flax by beating : — »., a wooden instrument to beat flax with. Swin'gling, p. prs. Swin-gle-tree (swlng'glHree), n. The movable bar of a carriage to which the traces are attached; whifiletree, whippletree. Swi-nish (swl'nish), a. Befitting swine ; gross. Swipe, n. A long pole for draw- ing water from a well : — also written sweep. Switch (switsh), n. A small twig; a movable rail for transferring cars from one track to another: — v. L, to strike with a switch. Switch'es, n. pi. and_prs. t. 3. *Switch-man (switsh'man), n. One who manages a railroad switch. Switch'men, n. pi. •-Swiv-el (swivM), n. A thing to turn upon ; a small cannon. SwOL-LEN(Sw6lll),jp.jO>/. Of SWELL. Sw66n, v. i. To faint : — w., a faint- ing fit. Sw66p, n. Fall of a bird of prey upon his quarry: — v. t., to fall upon and seize. Sw6p, v. t. To exchange one thing for another : — n., an ex- change : — often written swap. *"Swop'ping, p. prs. Swop-ped (swopt), p. prf. Sword (s6rd), n. A military weapon. j^H** Webster prefers the pro- nunciation sword. Sword-ed (s6rd'^d), a. Carrying a sword. Sword-Fish (s6rd'flsh), n. A fish having a long, bony nose. *Swords-man (s6rdz'man), n. A soldier expert, or armed, with a sword. Swords'men, n. pi. Swore, pst. t. of swear. Sworn, p. prf. of swear. Swum, pst. t. and p. prf. of swim. Swung, pst. t. and p. prf. of swing. *Syb-a-rit-ic ( v slb-a-rit'ik), a. Luxurious, wanton. *Syc-a-more (sik'a^rnore), \ n. A Syc-a-mine (slk'a x mine), J tree. *Syc-o-phant (sik'6 v fant), n. A flatterer ; a. parasite. Syc-o-phant-ic ( x slk-6-fant'lk), a. Like a sycophant; flattering. 4tf9 SYM SYN Fife, fir, fall. f4t — me, met- -plne, pin — lift, move, SYS Syl-lab-ic (sll-lab'lk), a. Rela- ting to syllables. SYL-LAB-i-CAL-LY(sil-lab'e'kal-le), ad. In a syllabic manner. *Syl-lab-i-ca-tion ( v sll-lab-e-ka/- shun), n. The division of words into syllables.f #Syl-la-ble (sil'la^bl), n. A part of a word pronounced by one im- pulse of the voice. *Syl-la-bus (silWbus), n. The heads of a discourse; an abstract. Syl'la x bus-es, ) , Syl'la^bi, J* J* *Syl-lo-gism (sllWjlzm), n. An argument of three propositions in logical form. Syl-lo-gis-tic ( x sil-16-jis'tlk), a. Relating to a syllogism. *Syl-lo-gis-ti-cal-ly ( N sll-16-jls'- te N kal-le), ad. In a syllogistic form. *Syl-lo-gize (sil'16 x jlze), v. i. To reason syllogistically. Syl'lo v gi-zing, p. prs. Sylph (sllf), n. A fairy. *Sylph-id (sll'fld), n. A little sylph. *Syl-van (sll'van), a. Woody ; shady : — also written silvan : — n., a satyr ; a fabled deity. *Sym-bol (sim'bul), n. A creed ; type : emblem. [28-2.] [345-17.] Sym-bol-i-cal (sim-b61Tkal), a. Typical, emblematical. Sym-bol-i-cal-ly (slm-b61'le v kal- \k), ad. In a symbolic manner. Sym-bol-ism (sim'b6rizm), n. An exposition of symbols. Sym-bo-lize (sim'bd^llze), v. t. To resemble ; to make symbolical. Sym'bo x li-zing, p. prs. *Sym-bol-o-gy (slm-b6lWje), n. A discourse on symbols. Sym-bol'o v gies, n. pi. SYM-MET-Ri-cAL(slm-met're v kal),cr. Having symmetry, proportional. [380-15.] Sym-me-trize (slm'meHrlze), v. t. To make proportionate. [265-14.] 500 Sym'me x tri-zing, p. prs. *Sym-me-try (slur'tne'tre), n. Pro- portion, harmony. [294-10.] Sym'meVries, n. pi. SYM-PA-THET-ic( x sim-pa-^et'lk),a. Having mutual feelings. SYM-PA-THET-i-cAL( x sim-pa-*Aet'e- x kal), a. Sympathetic. Sym-pa-thet-i-cal-ly ( r sim-pa- tfiel'e'kal-le), ad. With sympathy. Sym-pa-thize (sim'paVilze), v. i. To feel with another, (ap. p. — with.) [27-32.] *Sym'pa x th[-zing, p. prs. Sym-pa-thy (sim'pa^Ae), n. Mu- tual sensibility, fellow feeling; tenderness. [21-9.] [372-6.] Sym'pa v thies, n. pi. *Sym-ph'o-ni-ous (slm-fo'ne^us), a. Musical, harmonious. Sym-pho-ny (sim'f6 N ne), n. Har- mony of mingled sounds. [86-9.] *Sym'pho v nies, n. pi. Symp-tom (siui'tum), n. A sign, an indication, a token.f * Symp-tom- at-ic fsim-tum-at'ik), a. Relating to symptoms : — op- posed tO IDIOPATHIC. *Syn-A-gogue (sin'a v g6g), n. A Jewish place of worship. Syn-chro-nal (slng'kr6 x nal), } *Syn-chro-nous (slng'kr6 v nus), J a. Happening at the same time. *Syn-chro-nism (sing'kr6 N nlzm), n. Concurrence of events in time. *"SYN-CHR0-NizE(sing'kr6 N nlze),va. To agree in time. Syn'chro v ni-zing, p. prs. Syn-co-pe (sing'k6 N pe), n. The omission of a letter ; a fainting fit. *Sy-nec-do-che (se-nek'd6 x ke), n. A figure by which part is taken for the whole, or the whole for a part. *Syn-od (sln'ud), n. An assembly or council of ecclesiastics. *Syn-od-al (sin'ud v al), ) Sy-nod-i-cal (se-n6d'e v kal), } °" Relating to a synod. Sy-nod-i-cal-ly (se-n6d'e v kal-le), ad. In a synodical manner. Syn-o-nym I (sin'd N nlm), n. A *Syn-o-nyme j word of the same meaning with another. Sy-non'y v ma, } *SynVnymes, > n. pi. SynVnyms, J *Sy-non-y-mize (se-n6n'e x mlze), v. t. To express by synonymes. Sy-non'y x mi-zing, p. prs. *Sy-non-y-mous (se-n6n'e x mus), a. Of the same signification. f Sy-non-y-mous-ly (se-n6n'e x mds- le), ad. In a synonymous manner. *SY-N0N-Y-MY(se-n6n'e N me), n. The quality of expressing the same meaning by different words. *Sy-nop-sis (se-n6p'sis), n. A general or collective view. Syn-op-ses (sln-6p'seez), n. pi. *Syn-op-ti-cal (sin-6p'te v kal), a. Affording a general view. *Syn-tac-ti-cal (sin-tak'te'kal), a. Relating to syntax. Syn-tax (sin'taks), n. The con- struction of words. *Syn-the-sis (s!n'£/ie v sis), n. The act of joining; composition: — opposed to ANALYSIS. Syn'the x ses, n. pi. Syn-thet-ic (sln-^et/ik), a. Con- joining; not analytic. Syn-thet-i-cal-ly (sin-^et'e x kal- le), ad. By synthesis. * SY-REN(sFren),n. A siren. [321-8.] *Syr-inge (sir'lnje), n. A pipe through which a fluid is squirted : — v. L, to inject. Syr'in v ging, p. prs. Syr-up. See sirup. Sys-tem (sis'tem), n. A scheme; a method. [63-29.] [183-16.] *Sys-te-mat-ic ( N sls-te-matlk), a. Methodical, regular. SYS-TE-MAT-i-CAL-LY( x sls-te-mat'e- v kal-le), ad. In form of a system. Sys-tem-a-tize (sls'tem-aHlze), v. t. To reduce to a system. Sys'tem-a^ti-zing, p. prs. *Sys-to-le (sls'td'le), n. The con- traction of the heart. TAB TAF n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— Sil- -pSund — ^in, this. TAL T(t££), n. The twentieth letter and the fifteenth consonant is also a mute. The name is written Tee, and the plural Tees. It is the contraction of ton, town, and tenor. Tab-ard (tab'ard), n. A short gown ; a sleeveless coat. Tab-by (tab'be), v. t. [pre. U 3, tabbies.] To make wavy or watery in appearance : — n., a kind of waved silk : — a., brindled. Tab'bi-ed, p. prf. Tab-e-fac-tion ftab-^-fak'shun), n. Act of wasting away. Tab-e-fy (tab'e'fi), v. i. {prs. t. 3, tabefies.] To waste by disease. *Tab'e v fi-ed, p. prf. *Tab-er-na-cle (tab'eVna-kl), n. A sacred place; a tent; a tem- porary habitation : — v. i., to dwell for a time ; to house. Tab'er n na-cled, p. prf. Tab-id (tabid), a. Consumptive. TAB-LA-TURE(tab'la N ture), n. Paint- ing on walls. Ta-ble (ta'bl), n. A piece of household furniture ; any flat surface ; fare ; an index ; a cata- logue ; a synopsis : — v. t., to lay on the table ; to note in a table ; to postpone consideration. Ta'bling, p. prs. : — n., a forming into tables. *Tab-leau (tab-Id'), n. A repre sentation; a picture. *Tab-leattx (tab-16ze'), n. pi. Ta-ble-Book (ta'bFbuk), n. A book for hasty entries. *Ta-ble-cloth (ta'bl x kl6«A. or ta' hVklkwth), n. A covering for a table. Ta-ble-cloths (ta'brkl6THz or ta'bl v klawTHz), n. pi. Ta-ble-Land (ta'bPland), n. Ele- vated level land. Ta-bles (ta'blz), n. pi. A game ; draughts ; a back-gammon board. Tab-let (tab'le't), n. A small, level surface ; a small table. Ta-bling. See under table. *Ta-boo (ta-b6S'), n. A religious prohibition : — v. t., to interdict. *Ta-bor (ta'bur), n. A small drum ; a timbrel. Tab-o-ret (tab'dVSt), "In. A ta- Tab-ret (tab're't), J bor. Tab-u-lar (tab'Mar), a. Having a flat surface ; in the form of a table ; tabulated. Tab-u-late (tabulate), v. t. To reduce to tables ; to make flat. Tab'u x la-ting, p. prs. *Ta-chyg-ra-phy (ta-kigWfe), n. The art of shorthand writing. Tac-it (tas'slt), a. Silent; implied. * Tac-it-ly (tas'sit x le), ad. Silently. Tac-i-turn (tas'se^turn), a. Si- lent, reserved. *Tac-i-tur-ni-ty rtas-s£-tur'n&- \&), n. Habitual silence ; re- serve. [51.] Tack (tak), v. t. To fasten to any thing ; to sail by tacks : — v. i., to turn about: — n., a small nail; turn of a ship ; a small rope. Tack-le (tak'kl), n. The ropes of a ship ; rigging : — v. t., to lay hold of; to harness. Tack'ling, p. prs. : — n., furniture of a mast; harness. [208-17.] Tact (takt), n. Skill, aptness. Tac-tic (tak'tik), a. Relating to the art of war. *Tac-ti-cian (tak-tisVan), n. One skilled in tactics. *Tac-tics (tak'tiks), n. The art of ranging men for battle ; mili- tary and naval manoeuvres. Tac-tile (tak'tll), a. Susceptible of touch. *Tac-til-i-ty (tak-til'le'te), n. Perceptibility by touch. Tac-tion (tak'shun), n. Touch. Tad-pole (tad'p61e), n. A young frog. *Taf-fe-ta (taffeHa), n. A thin silk. *Taff-rail (taf'rale), n. A rail around a ship's stern. Tag, n. A metal at the end of a string ; a play : — v. t., to fix on a tag ; to fit with a point. Tag'ging, p. prs. Tag'ged, p. prf. *Tagl-ia (tal'ya), n. A combina- tion of pulleys. Tail (tale), n. Hinder part ; end. *Tai-lor (ta'lur), n. One who makes men's clothes. *Tai-lor-ess (ta'lur'gs), n. A female tailor. Tai'lor^ess-es, n.pl. Taint (tint), v. t. To infect ; to defile ; to sully : — v. i., to become corrupt: — n., infection ; stain. *Taint-tjre (tan'tshur), n. Taint. TlKE, V. t. [TOOK TAKEN.] To receive ; to seize ; to swallow ; to catch: — v. i., to resort: to resemble: — n., in Printing, the amount of copy given at one time to men engaged on the same work. Talking, p. prs. : — a., attractive ; alluring : — n., act of gaining possession; distress. *Tal-bot (tal'b&t), n. A hunt- ing-dog. *Talc (talk), n. A magnesian mineral. *Talck-y (talk'S), ") a. Resem- *Talc-ose (talk'oze), > bling Talc-ous (talk'us), J talc. Tale, n. A narrative, a story. Tale-bear-er (tale'bare x ur), n. An officious informer. Tal-ent (talent), n. A certain weight or sum ; faculty ; natural gift. [54-11.] [382-24.] Tal-ent-ed (tal'Snt'Sd), a. Pos- sessing talents or abilities. *Tales-man (talz'inan), n. A per- son selected as a juror from the by-standers in a court. Tales'men, n.pl. *Tal-is-man (tal'lz^nian), n. A magical character; an amulet, a charm. [202-26.] 501 TAM TAST Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, m5ve, TAR Tal'is n mans, n. pi. Tal-is-man-ic (Hal-lz-nian'ik), a. Relating to a talisman ; magical. Talk (tawk), v. i. To speak ; to converse : — n., oral conversation ; subject of discourse ; rumor. Talk-a-tive (tawk'a v tiv), a. Lo quaeious, given to talking. TALK-A-TiVE-NESs(tawk'aHlv-ne ! s), n. Loquacity. Tall, a. High in stature, lofty. Tall-ness (tal'nSs), n. Height of stature. Tal-low (tal'16), n. The grease or fat of beasts : — v. t., to smear with tallow. #Tal-low-y (tal'16 v e), a. Consist- ing of tallow ; greasy. Tal-ly (tal'le), n. A stick notched to keep accounts; any thing made to suit another: — v. t., to fit; to suit. Tal'lies, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. Tal'li-ed, p. prf. *Tal-mud (tal'inud), n. The book containing the Jewish traditions, laws, &c. Tal-mud-ist (tal'mudlst), n. One versed in the Talmud. *Tal-on (tal'un), n. The claw of a bird of prey. *Ta-lus (ta'lus), n. The ankle- bone ; inclination of a rampart. Tam-a-ble (tam'a N bl), a. Possible to be tamed. Tam-a-rind (tam'aMnd), n. A tree and its fruit. *Tam-bour (tam'boSr), n. A mu- sical instrument; a frame for embroidery ; embroidery with gold and silver threads: — v. t., to embroider with gold and sil- ver threads. *TAM-B0UR-iNE(Ham-b66r-een'), n. A kind of drum having bells on the sides, and played on by hand. Tame, a. Not wild, domestic, sub- dued: — v. t., to reduce from wild- ness; to subdue; to domesticate. ' Ta'ming, p. pre. 502 Tame-ly (tame'le), ad. Wanting spirit ; not wildly. Tame-ness (tame'ne's), n. Submis- sion ; quality of being tame. Tam-is (tam'is), |«. A thin, Tam-my (tam'ine), J woollen stuff used for straining. Tam-kin. See tompion. Tamp, v. t. To charge a hole drilled for blasting. Tam-per (tarn 'pur), v. t. To deal secretly; to meddle with; to try little experiments. Tam'per x ing, p. prs.i — n., the act of one who tampers. [66.] Tam-pi-on. See tompion. Tan, v. t. To imbrown by the sun ; to convert hides into leather v. i., to become brown; to be converted into leather : — n., ground oak-bark for tanning. Tan'ning, p. prs. Tan'ned,^>. prf. Tan-dem (tan'dem), n. A manner of harnessing horses one before the other. Tang, n. A strong taste, relish. *Tan-gen-cy (tan'jeVse), n. Con tact, act of touching. *Tan-gent (tan'jent), n. A line touching a curve but not cut- ting it. *TAN-Gi-BiL-i-TY(Han-je-bll'leHe), n. Quality of being tangible. Tan-gi-ble (tan'je'bl), a. Per- ceptible by the touch. Tan-gle (tang'gl), v. t. To inter- weave confusedly; to embar- rass: — v. i., to be entangled. Tan'gling, p. prs. Tank (tangk), n. A large vessel for holding liquids. *Tank-ard (tangk'urd), n. A large drinking-vessel with a lid. Tan-ner (tan'nur), n. One who tans. Tan-ner-y (tan'nur N r&), n. A place for tanning. Tan'ner^ies, n. pi. *-Tan-nin (tan'nln), n. The sub- stance in bark which tans leather. *TAN-SY(tan'ze), n. A bitter herb. Tan-ta-lism (tan'ta v lizm), n. Tor- ment by false hopes. Tan-ta-li-za-tion ( x tan-ta-16-za'- shun), n. Act of tantalizing. Tan-ta-lize (tan'taMlze), v. t. To torment with false hopes; to tease. *Tan'ta x li-zing, p. prs. Tan-ta-mount (tan'ta v m6unt), a. Equivalent. *Tan-tiv-y (tan-tlv'e), ad. At full speed. *Tan-trums (tan'trumz), n. pi. Whims, freaks; bursts of passion. Tan-yard (tan 'yard), n. A tannery. Tip, v. t. To touch lightly; to pierce a vessel : — n. } a gentle blow; a small pipe. Tap'ping, p. prs. Tap'ped, p. prf. Tape, n. A narrow fillet or band. Ta-per (ta'pur), n. A wax candle [156-18]: — a., regularly narrowed from one end to the other :— v. i. f to grow smaller : — v. t. } to make smaller. [20-7.] Ta-per-ness (ta'pur N ne i s), n. State of being taper. Tap-es-try (tap'eVtre), n. Cloth woven in regular figures [262-3]: — v. t., to adorn with tapestry. [96-31.] *Tap'es x tri-ed, p. prf. Tap'es^tries, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Tap-house (tap'hMse), n. A house for retailing liquors. Tap-hous-es (tap'h6iiz x lz), n. pi. Tap-i-o-ca ( v tap-e-6'ka), n. A nutritious substance from the root of a plant. *Tap-is (tap'e or ta'pis), n. Tap- estry ; a table-cover. 7/%*^ On the tapis signifies under consideration. Tap-root (tap'r66t), n. The cjiief root. Tap-ster (tap'stur), n. One who draws beer, &e. Tar, n. Liquid pitch ; a seaman. TAR TAT n6r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 511- -p6und — thin, this. TAW Ta-ran-tu-la (ta-ran'tii N la), n. A venomous spider : — sometimes written tarentula. Tar-di-ly (tar'de'le), ad. Slowly. Tar-di-ness (tar' dene's), n. Slow- ness, lateness. Tar-dy (tar'de), a. [tardier — tardiest.] Slow, dilatory. Tare, n. A weed; an allowance in weigbt for a barrel, bag, b61t), n. Lightning. Thun-der-clap (^un'dur^klap), n. An explosion of electricity. Thun-der-strike (*Mn'dur N stlke), V. t. [THUNDERSTRUCK — THUN- DERSTRUCK Or THUNDERSTRICK- en.] To blast with lightning; to strike dumb ; to astonish. Thun'der v stri-king, p. prs. Thurs-day (zAurz'de), n. The fifth day of the week. Thus (thus), ad. So ; in this manner. Thwack (thvt&k), v. t. To strike with something blunt and heavy : — n., a hard blow. Thwart (thwkrt), a. Transverse : — v. t. y to cross ; to oppose ; to frustrate. Thy (thI), pro. or a. Belonging to thee: — a possessive and singular form of thou, used before the name of that which is possessed; as, This is thy house : — see her and your. THY-SELF(THl-Self ),pro. [^.YOUR- SELVES, yourself.] Thou or thee, with emphasis, j^p** Thyself is similar in use tO HERSELF. See HERSELF and YOURSELVES. *Thyme (time or tfMme), n. A fragrant plant. *Thy-my (ti'me or thVmh), a. Abounding with thyme. Ti-a-ra (tl-a'ra), n. Dress for the head ; a diadem. Tick (tik), n. Score, trust; bed- case ; insect : — v. i., to run on credit; to make a noise like that of a watch. Tick'ing, p. prs. : — n., a strong cloth for bed-cases: — also writ- ten tic KEN. TIG TIM n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull — 511— pound— thin, THis. TIN Tick-et (tlk'klt), n. A token of right or privilege ; a mark, a la- bel : — v. t., to mark with a ticket. Tick-le (tlk'kl), v. t. To please by slight gratification ; to cause to laugh by playful touching : — v. u f to feel titillation. Tick'ling, p. prs. Tick-lish (tik'klish), a. Easily tickled; uncertain, critical. Tick-lish-ness (tik'Ush^nSs), n. State of being ticklish. Ti-dal (ti'dal), a. Relating to tides. Tid-bit (tid'bit), n. A dainty, a delicate morsel : — often written TITBIT. TIde, n. Ebb and flow of the sea ; course; current [75-1]: — v. t. or v. i., to drive with the stream. Tides-man (tldz'man), ) Tiije-wait-er (tlde'wateMr), J A custom-houseoflicer who watch- es the landing of goods. Tides'men, n. pi. Ti-di-ly (tl'deMe), ad. Neatly. Ti-di-ness Ctl'd^nes), n. Neatness. Ti-dings (ti'dingz), n. pi. News. Ti-dy (tl'de), a. [tidier — tidiest.] Neat; cleanly. Tie (ti), v. t. To bind; to fasten ; to restrain, to confine : — n., a fasten- ing, a knot ; obligation, bond ; in Music, a bar [-■] connecting notes, thus[£f]. [133-5.] [262-15.] J/£§** On account of the parti- ciple tying Webster inconsid- erately proposes to write this word tye. He forgets lie, die, hie, vie, and their compounds. Ty'ing, p. prs. Ti-ed (tide), p. prf. *Ti-er (ti'ur), n. One who ties. *Tier (teer), n. A row, a rank. *Tierce (teerse or terse), n. A third part of a pipe, containing 42 gallons ; a thrust ; a third. TiFP, n. A fit of petulance; liquor. Tif-pa-ny (tlffa'ne), n. Very thin silk. Ti-ger (tl'g&r), n. A fierce beast. Tight (tlte), a. Tense; not loose; hard ; stringent. Tight-en (tl'tn), v. t. To make close or tight ; to straiten. Tight-ly (tlte'le), ad. Closely. Tight-ness (tlte'nes), n. Close ness; neatness; straitness. Ti-gress (tt'gres), n. The female of the tiger. Ti'gress n es, n. pi. Tike, n. A cur; a clown: — also written tyke. *Til-de (tll'de), n. The mark [ <-** ] placed over n in Spanish to show that it should be sound- ed gn ; as in Senor. TIle, n. Burnt clay for covering houses: — v. t., to cover with tiles : — see tyle. Tii/ing, p. prs. : — n., a roof covered with tiles. Til-er (tll'ur), n. One who tiles. Till, n. A money-box in a desk or counter: — prp., to the time of : see to : — con., to the time ; to the degree that : — v. t. f to cultivate. Til-la-ble (tll'la^bl), a. Arable. Til-lage (til'lije), n. The practice of ploughing ; culture. TIlt, n. Any cover over head or of a boat; a combat on horse- back ; a large hammer : — v. t., to incline or raise one end; to turn up ; to cover : — v. i., to rush at, as in combat; to lean. Tilth (tl\th), n. Husbandry, cul- ture ; land under tillage. TlM-BAL. See TYMBAL. Tim-ber (tlm'bur), n. Wood fit for building : — v. t., to furnish with timber. *Tim-brel (tlm'bril), n. A kind of musical instrument ; a tabor. TIme, n. The measure of duration ; age ; season : — v. t., to adapt ; to regulate the time of. Ti'ming, p. prs. Time-keep-er (tlme'keep'ur), n. One who keeps time; a clock or watch. Time-less (tlme'les), a. Unsea- sonable. Time-li-ness (tlme'leWs), n. State of being timely. Time-ly (tlme'll), a. Seasonable, early : — ad., seasonably. *Time-piece (tlme'peese), n. A clock or watch. Time-ser-ver (time'surVur), n. One who meanly complies with prevailing opinions. Time-serv-ing (time'servlng), a. Meanly complying with present power, temporizing. Tim-id (tlm'id), > a. Fear- Tim-or-ous (tlin'ur^us), J ful, cow- ardly, afraid. [151-16.] Tim-id-ly (tim'ld'le), ad. Without courage. Ti-mid-i-ty (te-mld'eHe), *Tim-or-ous-ness (tim'ur x us-nes), n. Fearfulness; cowardice, want of courage. [382-13.] Tim-or-ous-ly (tlm'ur'us-le), ad. Fearfully. T!n, n. A white, malleable metal : — v. t., to cover with tin: — a., made of, or containing, tin. Tin'ning, p. prs. Tin'ned, p. prf. *Tin-cal (tlng'kal), n. Crude borax. Tinc-ture (tingk'tshur), n. Color; extract of some drug ; an infu- sion : — v. t., to imbue ; to tinge. [304-23.] Tinc'tu x ring, p. prs. Tin-der (tln'dur), n. Any thing very inflammable, used in start- ing a fire. TIne, n. A tooth of a fork, &c. TIng, n. A sharp, ringing sound, as of a bell : — v. i., to ring. *Ting'ing, p. prs. Tinge (tlnje), v. t. To imbue; to color : — n., slight color, tint. *Tinge'ing, p. prs. J0t* Tingeing retains the e of tinge so as to be distinguished from tinging. 511 TIP Fate, far, fill, fat- TIT -me, met — pine, pin — n6, move, TOC ► p. pV8. Tin-gle (tlng'gl), v. i. To feel a thrilling sensation. Tin'gling, p. prs. Tink (tingk), v. i. To make a sharp, shrill noise. Tink-er (tlngk'ur), n. A mender of metal vessels. Tink-le (tlngk'kl), v. i. To make a small, sharp noise. Tink'ling, p. prs. Tin-man (tin'inan), n. A manufac- turer of, or dealer in, tinware. Tin'men, n. pi. Tin-ner (tin'nur), n. One who works in tin-mines. *Tix-ny (tln'ne), a. Abounding with, or like, tin. Tin-sel (tin'sil), n. A kind of shining cloth ; any thing shi- ning with false lustre : — v. t., to decorate, as with tinsel : — a., gaudy, showy. Tin'sel n ing, ) *Tin'sel v ling, j Tin'sel-ed, ) /. *TlN'SELL-ED, IP'PV' Tint, n. A dye, a color, a shade : — sometimes written teint : — v. t., to dye; to color; to shade. *TlN-TIN-NAB-U-LA-RY (Hin-tln- nab'u v lar-re), a. Sounding, as a bell. *Ti-ny (tl'ne or tln'ne), a. [ti- nier — tiniest.] Very small,puny. Tip, n. Top, end, point : — v. t., to corer on the end; to strike slightly ; to upset. Tip'ping, p. prs. Tip'ped, p. prf. Tip-pet (tip'pit), n. Something worn about the neck. Tip-ple (tip'pl), v. i. or v. t. To drink luxuriously, or to excess. Tip'pling, p. pre. : — »., the prac- tice of drinking to excess. Tip-staff (tlp'staf), n. An officer of a court; a staff tipped with metal. Tip'staffs, Tip'staves 512 ■» 1 7 Tip-sy (tip'se), a. [tipsier — tip- siest.] Drunk. Tip-toe (tip't6), n. End of the toe. Tip-top (tip't6p), n. The highest degree : — a., most excellent. Ti-rade (tl-rade'), n. A strain of invective. [271-4.] TIre, n. A head-dress ; furniture a band of metal for a wheel ; i tier or row: — v. t., to fatigue; to dress the head; to bind a wheel with metal: — v.i.to become weai*y. Ti'ring, p. prs. Tire-some (tlre'sum), a. Tedious, fatiguing. Tire-some-ness (tlre's&m x n£s), n. Tediousness. Ti-ring-Room (tl'ring v r&6m), n, The dressing-room of a theatre. Tis-sue (tish'u), n. Cloth inter- woven with gold or silver; mem- branous texture : — v. t., to inter- weave. Tis'su^ing, p. prs. Tit, n. A small horse ; a bird. Ti-tan-ic (tl-tan'lk), a. Gigan- tic, towering. Ti-tan-i-um (tl-tan'eNim), n. A metal. Tit-bit. See tidbit. Tit-for-Tat (Yit-fur-taf), Retaliation. Tith-a-ble (tlTH'a^bl), a. Subject to the payment of tithes. Tithe (tlrae), n. The tenth part : — v. t., to levy a tenth part. Ti' thing, p. prs. Ti-thing-man (tl'THlng^man), n. A petty peace-officer. Ti'thing v men, n. pi. Tit-il-late (titillate), v. t. or v. i. To tickle. Tit'ilYa-ting, p. prs. *T it-il-la-tion ( x tit-il-la'shun), n. Act of tickling ; slight pleasure. Ti-tle (tl'ti), n. An appellation ; a claim of right; inscription [264-2]:— v. t., to entitle; to name; to call. Ti'tling, p. prs. Ti-tle-Page (tl'trpage), n . The page containing the title of a book. Tit-mouse (tit'm6use), n. A small bird. Tit'mice, n. pi. Tit-ter (tlt'tur), v. i. To laugh with restraint; to giggle: — n. y a restrained laugh. Tit-tle (tit'tl), n. A point; a small particle. Tit-tle-Tat-tle (tlt'trtat-tl), n. Idle talk. Tit-tj-lar (tltsh'u'lur), a. Exist- ing only in name, nominal. Tit-u-la-ry (tltsh'u v la->re), a. Re- lating to a title. *Tme-sis (me'sis), n. A figure of etymology by which a compound word is separated, as to us ward. To (to&), prp. Noting motion toward, unto; as far as: — op- posed to from : — ad., forward, as in to and fro. 20^ To is applied to place or time, but till to time only, as night to morn, or night till morn ; and Chicago to Wash- ington, but not Chicago till Washington. See " Grammar of Grammars," p. 615. Toad (t6de), n. An animal resem- bling a frog. Toad-eat-er (t6de'eet N ur), n. A mean sycophant; a parasite. Toad-stool (t6de'st661), n. A poisonous mushroom. Toad-y (t6de'&), n. A parasite. Toad'ies, n. pi. Toast (tost), n. Bread dried and scorched before the fire ; a health or sentiment proposed : — v. t., to dry or heat at a fire ; to propose a health. *To-bac-co (t6-bak'k6), n. A nar- cotic plant much used in chew- ing, smoking, and snuffing. To-bac-co-nist (td-bak'k6 N nlst), ru One who deals in tobacco. Toc-sin (t6k'sin), n. A public alarm-bell. TOL TON n5r, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pound — thin, this. TOQ Tdr>, n. Twenty-eight pounds of wool ; a fox. To-Day (t6-da'), ad. During this day : — n., this day. Tod-dle (t6d'dl), v. i. To walk about feebly, as a child. TOD'DLING, %). prs. Tod-dy (t&d'de), n. A mixture of spirits and water. Tod'dies, n. pi. *To-Do (t6-d6'), n. Bustle, stir. Toe (t6), n. One of the divided extremities of the foot : — v. t. f to place the toes at. *Toe'ing, p. prs. To-ged (t6'gld), a. Gowned. To-geth-er (t6-g§TH'dr), ad. In company, in concert. T61l, v. i. To labor ; to work : — n., labor, drudgery. Toil-et (tdll'et), n. A dressing- table. [55-14.] Toil-some (toll'sum), a. Laborious. Toil-some-ness (tdil'sumWs), n. Wearisomeness, laboriousness. Toise (t6iz), n. A measure of 6 French feet, or 6^ English feet. To-ken (t6'kn), n. A sign, mark, or badge. [96.] Told, pst. t. and p. prf. of tell. T6le, v. t. To draw by bait. To' ling, p. prs. To-le-do (t6-l6'd&), n. A sword of the finest temper. Tol-er-a-ble (tdl'eVa-bl), a. Sup- portable, passable. Tol-er-a-ble-ness (t6l'eVa-bl- x n£s), n. State of being tolerable. Tol-er-a-bly, (t6l'er'a-ble), ad. Passably, moderately well. Tol-er-ance (t&l'eVanse), n. Act of enduring ; toleration. *Tol-er-ant (t&l'er v ant), a. En- during. Tol-er-ate (t&l'eVate), v. t. To allow ; to suffer ; to permit. [333-18.] Tol'er v a-ting, p. prs. Tol-er-a-tion (H61-§r-a'shun), n Allowance; sufferance. [280.] 2H Toll (t6le),n. An excise of goods, a tax paid for some privilege ; the sound of a bell : — v. i., to pay toll ; to sound slowly and regu- larly, as a bell : — v. t., to ring a bell with a uniform stroke. Toll-Booth (t61e'b&6TH), n. A custom-house ; a prison. Toll-Gate (t61e'gate), n. A gate where toll is collected. Toll-House (t61e'h6use), n. A house where toll is collected. Toll-Hous-es (t6le'b6uzlz), n. pi. *Tom-a-hawk (t&m'a x hawk), n. An Indian hatchet: — v. t., to kill with a tomahawk. To-ma-to (t6-ma't6 or t6-ma't6), n. An esculent plant and its fruit, the love-apple. *To-ma'toes, n. pi. Tomb (t66m), n. A sepulchre, the grave : — v. t. f to bury. * Tomb-less (tdSm'le's), a. Want- ing a tomb. Tomb-stone (t6&m'st6ne), n. A stone placed over a grave. Tom-boy (tom'bde), n. A romp. T6me, n. A volume, a book. To-Mor-row (t6-m6r'r6), ad. Du- ring the day following the pres- ent: — n., the day following the present. Tom-pi-on (t&m'pe^n), n. The stopper of a cannon : — also writ- ten TAMPION and TAMKIN. T6n, ». The prevailing fashion. Ton (tun), n. In Avoirdupois Weight, 20 hundred-weights, be- ing 2000 or 2240 pounds; in Timber Measure, 40 solid feet of round, or 50 of hewn, timber ; in Shipping, 40 cubic feet : — see tun. T&ne, 7i. Note; sound; strength or firmness ; state of tension ; harmony of colors in a picture [76-19] : — v. t., to harmonize colors. *Toned (t6nd), a. Having tone. Tongs (t6ngz), n. pi. An instru- ment for taking up fire, &c. Tongue (tung), n. The instrument of speech in human beings ; the organ of taste ; the organ by which animals lick; a projec- tion; the catch of a buckle; a pole by which some carriages are drawn ; language, speech. Tongued (tungd), a. Having a tongue. Tongue-tied (tung'tlde), a. Hav- ing an impediment of speech. Ton-ic (t6n'ik), a. Relating to tones; possessing strengthening qualities : — n., a medicine that gives strength or tone. To-Night (t6-nlte')> ad. During the coming night, during this night: — n., this night. Ton-nage (tun'nije), n. The num- ber of tons ; duty by the ton. *Ton-sil (ton'sll), n. A gland opposite to the base of the tongue. Ton-sure (t6n'shure or t6n'shur), n. The act of clipping the hair. *Ton-tine (t6n-teen'), n. A sur- vivorship. T66, ad. Over and above; like- wise, also. Took (tuk), pst. t. of take. T66l, n. Any instrument; a hire- ling. T66t, v. i. To make a sound, as a horn : — n., sound of a horn. Tooth (tbbth), n. [pi. teeth.] Small conical bones fixed in each jaw; any thing resembling a tooth ; a prong ; a tine ; a prom- inent part of a wheel: — v. t., to furnish with teeth ; to indent. Tooth-ache (tdd^A'ake), n. Pain in the teeth. Tooth-edge (tbbth'&dj), n. A set- ting of the teeth on edge. Tooth-less (tbbth'l&s), a. Desti- tute of teeth. Tooth-pick (t6&Wpik), n. An instrument to pick teeth. Tooth-some (tbbth's&m), a. Pal- atable. 513 TOR TOR Fate, far, fall, fat— me, mSt- -plne, pin — no, m6ve, TOU T6p, n. The highest part of any thing; the summit; a toy:- v. t., to rise above ; to surpass : — v. i., to excel. Top'ping, p. prs. : — a., fine, noble. Top-ped (t6pt), p. prf. To-paz (t6'paz), n. A yellow gem. To'paz^es, n. pi. T6pe, v. i. To drink to excess. To'ping, p. prs. To-per (to'pur), n. A drunkard. Top-Gal-lant (t6p-gal'lant), n. The highest sail. Top-Heav-y (t6p'hevV£), a. Too heavy at the top. To-phet (t6'f£t), n. Hell. Top-Knot (t6p'n6t), n. A knot or ribbon worn on the head. Top-ic (top'ik), n. A general head; subject of discourse. [199-22.] Top-i-cal (t6p'£'kal), a. Local ; limited. [36-23.] Top-i-cal-ly (t&p'e N kal-l£), ad. Locally. Top-Mast (tSp'mast), n. A mast raised next above the lower mast. Top-most (t6p'm6st), a. Uppermost. To-pog-ra-pher (to-p6g'ra v fur), n. One skilled in topography. Top-o-graph-i-cal ( x t&p-6-graf e- N kal), a. Pertaining to topog- raphy. To-pog-ra-phy (t&-p6g'ra v fe), n. Description with delineation of particular places, divisions, and features of a country. To-pog'ra n phies, n. pi. Top-ple (t6p'pl), v. i. To fall for- ward; to pitch down. [59.] Top'pling, p. prs. Top-sail (t6p'sale or t6p'sal), n. The highest sail. * Top-s y-tur-vy (t&p'se^tur-v£),ad With the bottom upward. Torch (t6rtsh), n. A light for car- rying by hand. Torch'es, n. pi. Tore, pat. t. of tear. Tor-ment (t6r'm£nt), ft. Misery ; anguish, torture. [76-8.1 514 isn, uun. r-pid'e N te), ~\ r'p^'tude), > n. Jr'plcTnSs), J Tor-ment (t6r-m£nt'), v. t. To put to pain ; to tease ; to harass. TOR-MENT-ER } /.s a ,/ 2 \ One who torments. Torn, p. prf of tear. Tor-na-do (tdr-na'd6), n. A hur- ricane, a whirlwind. *Tor-na'does, n. pi. Tor-pe-do (tdr-pe'd6), n. An ap- paratus for blowing up ships ; a fish which can give an electric shock. *Top-pe'does, n. pi. Tor-pid (tdr'pld), a. Motionless; numbed; sluggish, dull. Tor-pid-i-ty (t6r-pid'e v t£), Tor-pi-tude (tor Tor-pid-ness (tdr 1 State of being torpid, numbness. *Tor-por (t6r'pur), n. Dulness, stupidity. Tor-por-ip-ic (H6r-p5r-ifik), a. Tending to produce torpor. ToR-RE-FAc-TiON( v t6r-re-fak'shun) n. Act of drying. Tor-re-fy (t6r / re v fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, torrefies.] To dry by the fire ; to roast. Tor're x fi-ed, p. prf. Tor-rent (tor'rent), n. A violent and rapid stream. [55.] [291-3.] Tor-rid (t6r'rld), a. Parched; burning ; very hot. Tor-sel (t6r's!l), n. Any thing in a twisted form. *Tor-sion (tor'shun), n. Act of twisting, flexure. Tor-so (tdr's6), n. The body of a statue (in the human form) de- prived of head and limbs. ^Tor'sos, n. pi. T6rt, n. Wrong, injury. *Tor-tious (tdr'shus), a. Unjust; doing wrong ; injurious. *Tor-toise (tdr-tlz or tor'tis), n. An animal covered with a hard shell. *Tort-u-ous (t6rt'u'us), a. Wind- ing, twisted; deceitful. Tor-ture (tdr'tshur), n. Anguish, pain : — v. t., to torment ; to ex- cruciate ; to afflict. [261-19.] Tor'tu^ring, p. prs. To-ry (t6're), n. One who, in the American Revolution, favored the cause of England ; an advo- cate for royal power; in Great Britain, the name of a party op- posed to the Whig. To'ries, n. pi. J0t* Tory is derived from an Irish word which signifies a robber. To-ry-ism (t6'relzm), n. The principles of a tory. T6ss, v. t. To throw; to disquiet; to agitate : — v. i. y to fling ; to be tossed: — n. y the act of tossing; a jerk. Toss'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. To-tal (t6'tal), a. Whole; com- plete : — n., the whole sum. To-tal-i-ty (t6-tal'le v te), n. Whole quantity, complete sum. To-talVties, n. pi To-tal-ly (t6'tarie), ad. Wholly. T6te, v. t. To carry. To'ting, p. prs. Tot-ter (tot'tur), v. i. To shake s oas to threaten a fall ; to reel. Touch (tutsh), v. t. To reach so as to be in contact; to affect; to handle; to join: — v. i. f to be in contact : — n., sense of feeling ; act of touching, contact, a stroke ; the power of exciting emotion. (ap. p. — at, on, upon.) [186-24] Touch'es, n. pi. andj>rs. t. 3. Touch-Hole (tutsh'hdle), n. A small hole in firearms. Touch-i-ness (tutsh'e x n§s), ft. Peevishness. Touch-ing-ly (tutsh'ing^), ad. With emotion ; aflfectingly. Touch-stone (tutsh'st6ne), n. A stone by which metals are ex- amined ; a test. [335-15.] Touch-wood (tutsh'wud), n. Rotten wood that easily takes fire. TOW TRA n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p5und— thin, THis. TRA Touch-y (tutsh'&), a. [touchier — touchiest.] Peevish, irritable. Tough (tuf), a. Flexible and te- nacious,not brittle, wiry ; difficult. Tough-en (tuf fn), v. i. To grow tough : — v. t., to make tough. Tough-ly (tuf le), ad. In a tough manner. Tough-ness (tuf n6s), n. Firmness of cohesion, tenacity. n. An artificial lock of hair; a curl. Tour (t66r), n. A jaunt; a jour- ney ; a ramble. Tour-ist (t66r'ist), n. One who makes a tour. TOUR-MA-LIN } ,.aa,, *ms„x •Touma-ldie }(t66r'malin),n. A gem : — also written turmalin. Tour-na-ment (t&dr'na^me'nt or tur'na x me : nt), n. A martial sport; a tilt, mock encounter. *Tour-ney (tddr'ne or tur'ne), n. A tournament: — v. i., to tilt in the lists. *Tocr-ni-quet (tur'n^kSt), n. A bandage used to check bleeding. Tour-nure (t66r-niire'), n. An outline ; a turn ; a rounding off. Touse (touze), v. t. To pull or tear. Tous'ing, p. prs. Tow (t6), n. The coarse parts of flax and hemp: — v, t., to draw on the water by a rope. Tow-age (t6'lje), n. Act or price of towing. Tow-ard (t6'urd), ]^>rp. In a Tow-ards (t6'urdz), J direction to ; near to : — ad., nearly. To-ward (td'iird), a. Ready to do ; docile. To-ward-ness (t6'urdWs), | To-ward-li-ness (td'urdle-nSs), j n. Docility. To-ward-ly (t6'urd"le), ad. Ready to learn or do. Tow-Boat (to'bote), n. A boat used for towing vessels. Tow-el (tdu'Sl), n. A cloth on which the hands, . »• Cloth for towels. Tow-er (tM'ur), n. A high build- ing ; a citadel : — v. %., to soar ; to fly or rise high. Tow-er-y (tdu'urVe), a. Adorned with towers. Tow-Line (t6'line), ) n. A line Tow-Rope (t6'rdpe), J or rope for towing. Town (tMn), n. A collection of houses ; a large village ; a town- ship. Town-ship (tSun'shlp), n. A dis- trict or corporation of a town. Towns-man (t6unz'man), n. One of the same town. Towns'men, n. pi. Town-Talk (t6un'tawk), n. Com- mon prattle, prevailing rumor. Tow-Path (Wip&th or to'pa^), n. A path for a horse in towing. Tow-Paths (t6'paTHz or t6'paTHz), n. pi. Tox-i-col-o-gy (H6ks-e-k61'16'je), n. A treatise on poisons. n Tox-i-colVgies, n. pi. Toy (t6e), n. A trifle; a play- thing : — v. i., to trifle ; to dally. Toy-ish (t6e'lsh), a. Trifling. Trace (trase), n. A mark; foot- step : — v. t., to follow by the foot- steps ; to mark out ; to delineate by marks. [239.] [36-16.] Tra'cing, p. prs. Tra'ces, n. pi. Parts of a harness; straps for drawing. *Trace-a-ble (trase'a v bl), a. Ca- pable of being traced. TrxV-cer-y (tra'surVe), n. Orna- mental stone-work. Tra'cer x ies, n. pi. Tra-che-a (tra'ke'a), n. The windpipe. TRA-cHE-oT-o-MY(Hra-ke-6t'6W), w. The operation of piercing the wind-pipe. Track (trak), n. A beaten path ; a road : — v. t., to trace. Track-less (trak'les), a. Un- trodden. Tract (trakt), n. A region; a small book; a short treatise ; course. [36-14.] [200.] Tract-a-bil-i-ty (Hrakt-a-bil / l&- Hk), n. Tractableness. Tract-a-ble (trakt'a v bl), a. Do- cile, manageable. [53-30.] TRACT-A-BLE-NESs(trakt'a x bl-n§s), n. Docility. Tract-a-bly (trakt'a x ble), ad. In a tractable manner. Trac-tile (trak'til), a. Capable of being drawn out, ductile. fRAc-TiL-i-TY (trak-til'leHe), n. The state or quality of being tractile. Trac-tion (trak'shun), n. Act of drawing. Trade, n. Traffic, commerce; oc- cupation [220] : — a., commercial : — v. i. or v. t., to traffic, to barter. Tra'ding, p. prs. Trades-man (tradz'man), n. A shopkeeper. Trades'men, n. pi. Trade-Wind (trade'wind), n. The periodical wind between the tropics. Tra-di-tion (tra-dlsh'un), n. An oral account handed down from age to age. [69-16.]f Tra-di-tion-al (tra-dlsh'un^al), TRA-Di-TiON-A-RY(tra-dish / dn v a-re) a.Delivered by tradition. [96-27.] Tra-di-tion-al-ly (tra-dlsh'un- x al-le), ad. By tradition. Tra-duce (tra-duse'), v. t. To censure; to calumniate. Tra-du'cing, p. prs. Tra-duc-tion (tra-duk'shun), n. Derivation ; transmission. Tra-duc-tive (tra-duk'tlv), a. Derivable; deducible. ^Trap^-fic (traf flk), w. Commerce : dealing, trade : — v. i., to practice commerce : — v. U, to barter. 515 TRA TRA Fate, far, f3.ll, fat — me, m£t — pine, pin — n&, move, TRA ^Traf'fick^ing, p. prs. * Traf'fick-ed, p. prf. *Traf-fick-er (traffik'ur), ft. A trader, a dealer. *Trag-a-canth (tragTkan^), n. A plant and its gum. *Tra-ge-di-an (tra-je'd& x an), n. A writer or actor of tragedy. Trag-e-dy (traj'e v d&), n. A dra- matic representation of a fatal or fearful action ; any mournful or fatal event. Tragedies, n.pl. Trag-ic (traj'ik), ) Trag-i-cal (traj'e^kal), J a ' Relating to tragedy, mournful, fearful, fatal. [283-26.] Trag-i-cal-ly (traj'e v kal-le), ad. In a tragical manner. Trag-i-com-e-dy ( x traj-e-k6m'me- Me), n. A representation in which are blended tragedy and comedy. v Trag-i-com'e x dies, n. pi. Trail (trale), v. t. To hunt by the track; to draw along; to lower : — v. i. f to be drawn : — »., track of a hunter; any thing drawn behind. Train (trane), v. t. To draw; to entice; to educate; to bring up : — ft., artifice; tail of a bird; a retinue; a procession; a line of powder ; a line of cars on a rail- road; something drawn behind; a series of connected things. Train-bands (trane'bandz), n. pi. The militia. Train-Oil (trane'dil),?*. Oil drawn from the fat of the whale. Trait (trate or tra), n. A stroke, a touch, an outline, a character- istic. [381-24.] Trai-tor (tra't&r), n. One who betrays. *Trai-tor-otjs (tra'tur^s), a. De- ceitful, treacherous. *Trai-tress (tra'tres), n. A woman who betrays. Irai'tress^es, n. pi. 516 Tra-ject (tra-jSkf), v. t. To cast through ; to throw. Tra-jec-tion (tra-jek'shun), n. Act of darting through, emission. Tra-ject-or-y (tra-jIkt'urVe), ft. A curve described by the orbit of a comet. *Tra-ject'o x ries, ft. pi. Tram-mel (tram'niel), n. Any kind of net; a kind of shackle; an iron hook for suspending ves- sels over fire : — v. t. f to catch ; to intercept; to confine. Tram'meiAng, ) *Tram'mei/ling, \P'P rs ' TRAM'MEL-ED, ) /. *Tram'ell-ed, ]P'P r J- Tra-mon-tane (tra-m&n'tln), n. A foreigner : — a., foreign, strange. Tramp, v. t. To travel : — v. i., to wander; to stroll. Tram-ple (tram'pl), v. t. To tread under foot : — ft., act of treading under foot. Tram'pling, p. prs. Trance (transe), n. A rapture ; an ecstasy ; a suspension of sense and will. Tranced (transt), a. Lying in a trance. *Tran-quil (trang'kwil), a. Calm, peaceful, quiet. [151-28.] *Tran-quil-li-ty (trang-kwil'le- x te), ft. Composure, quiet, peace. [47-23.] [240.] Tran-quil-ize I (trang'kwil- *Tran-quil-lize j x llze), v. t. To compose; to quiet. Tran'quiiA-zing, ) *Tran'quil v li-zing, J P' P r& ' Tran-quil-ly (trang'kwirie), ad. Peacefully. Trans-act (trans-akf), v. t. To manage; to negotiate; to per- form. Trans-ac-tion (trans-ak'shun), n. Dealing ; affair ; management ; negotiation. *Trans-act-or (trans-akt'ur), ft. One who transacts. Trans-al-pine (trans-al'pln), a. Beyond the Alps. Trans-at-lan-tic (Hrans-at-lan'- tlk), a. Beyond the Atlantic. Tran-scend (tran-s£nd'), v. t. To surpass ; to outdo. [65-25.] TRAN-scEND-ENCE(tran-s^nd / ense), ft. Transcendeucy. Tran-scend-en-cy (tran-sSnd'en- x se), ri. Unusual excellence, pre- eminence. *Tran-scend-ent (tran-send'ent), a. Supremely excellent, pre-em- inentf Tran-scen-dent-al (Hran-sSn- de'nt'al), a. Pre-eminent, abstruse, metaphysical. [158-39.] Tran-scen-dent-al-ism ftran- sSn-dent'arizm), n. An abstruse system or species of metaphysics; faith in an approaching perfec- tion of man in this life. TRAN-SCEN-DENT-AL-IST(Hran-Sen- dSnt'aPist), w. One who believes in transcendentalism. Tran-scend-ent-ly (tran-send'- ent x le), ad. Excellently. Tran-scribe (tran-skrlbe'), v. t. To copy; to write over again. [288-12.] Tran-scri'bing, p. prs. Tran-scri-ber (trin-skrl'bur), w. One who transcribes. [233.] Tran-script (tran'skript], n. Copy from an original. [244-20.] TRAN-scRiP-TiONftran-skrlp'shun), ft. The act of copying. Trans-fer (trans'fur), n. The act of conveying. Trans-fer (trans-fer'), v. t. To convey or make over; to remove. Trans-fer'ring, p. prs. *Trans-fer'red, p. prf. *TRANS-FER-A-BLE(tr4ns-fer / a x bl), a. Possible to be transferred ; negotiable : — sometimes written TRANSFERRIBLE. *Trans-fer-ree (Hrans-f£r-ree'), ft. One to whom a transfer is made. TRA TRA nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — th\r\, this. TRA *Trans-fer-rence (trans-feV- re'nse), n. Act of transferring. *Trans-fer-rer (trans-feYrur), n. One who transfers. Trans-fig-u-ra-tion (trans^flg-u- ra'shun),n. Change of form, or of personal appearance. Trans-fig-ure (trans-figure), v. t. To transform. Trans-fig'u x ring, p. prs. Trans-fix (trans-fiks'), v. t. [prs. t. 3, transfixes.] To pierce through. Trans-form (trans-form'), v. t. To change the form or substance of. Trans-form-a-tion ( N trans-f6rm- a'sbun), n. Change of form. Trans-fuse (trans-fuze'), v. t. To pour into another; to transfer; to inject. Trans-fu'sing, p. prs. Trans-fu-si-ble (trans-fu'ze^bl), a. Possible to be transfused. Trans-fu-sion (trans-fu'zhun), n. The act of transfusing. Trans-gress (trans-greV), v. t. [prs. t. 3, TRANSGRESSES.] To pass beyond; to break; to vio- late : — v. i.y to offend by break- ing a law. TRANS-GRES-siON(trans-gresh'un), n. Crime, fault, offense. Trans-gres-sive (trans-gres'slv), a. Culpable, faulty. *TRANS-GRES-soR(trans-greVsur), n. An offender. Tran-ship (tran-shlp'), v. t. To carry from one vessel to another : — also written transship. Tran-ship'ping, p. prs. Tran-ship'ped, p. prf. Tran-ship-ment (tran-shlp'me'nt), n. The act of transhipping. Tran-sient (tran'she'nt), a. Soon passed, short, hasty, fleet, mo- mentary. [77-33.]f #TRAN-siENT-LY(tran'she , nfle),a. prs. 517 L TRA TRA Fate, fUr, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, TRE Trans-plant (trans-plant'), v. I To plant in a new place. *Tran-splen-dent (tran-spleV- d£nt), a. Very resplendent. Trans-port (trans'p6rt), n. Con- veyance ; rapture, ecstasy. Trans-port (trans-p6rf), v. t. To convey; to remove; to banish to a penal colony; to put into ecstasy; to enchant. [183-3.] Trans-port-a-ble (trans-p6rt'a- x bl), a. Possible to be transported, TRANS-PORT-A-TiON( N trans-p6rt-a'- shun), n. Removal, banishment. *Trans-po-sal (trans-p6'zal), n. A changing of place. Trans-pose (trans-p6ze'), v. t. To put each in place of the other. Trans-po'ring, p. prs. Trans-po-si-tion (Hrans-p6-zlsh'- un), n. Mutual change of place. Trans-ship. See tranship. Tran-sub-stan-ti-ate ( N tran-sub- stan'she N ate), v. t. To change to another substance. V TrAN-SUB-STAN'tLA-TING, p. pr8. *Tran-sub-stan-ti-a-tion ( v tran- sub x stan-she-a'shun), n. Change of substance ; the doctrine that the bread and wine in the eucha- rist are changed into the body and blood of Christ. Tran-su-da-tion (Hran-su-da'- shun), n. Act of sweating, sweat. Tran-sude (tran-sude'), v. i. To pass out, as sweat. Tran-su'ding, p. prs. Trans-ver-sal (trans-veVsal), a. Running across. Trans-verse (trans-verse'), a. Being in a cross direction : — v. t. f to overturn. Trans-ver'sing, p. prs. Trans-verse-ly (trans-verse'le), ad. In a cross direction. Trap, n. A snare; an ambush; a stratagem ; a plaything : — v. t. or v. i., to insnare. Trap' ping, p. prs. Trap'ped, p. prf. 618 Tra-pan (tra-pan'), v. t. To en- snare: — n. y a snare, a stratagem *Tra-pan'ning, p. prs. Tra-pann'ed, p. prf. Trap-Door (trap-dore'), n. A door in a floor or roof. Tra-pe-zi-um (tra-pe'zeNim or tra- pe'zhe^um), n. A quadrilateral figure having no parallel sides. Tra-pe'zi x a, ) , *Tra-pe'zi v ums, } n 'P L Trap-e-zoid (trap'e v zdld), n. A quadrilateral figure having two parallel sides. Trap-per (trap'pur), n. One who catches animals in traps. Trap-pings (trap'pingz), n. pi. Embellishments, ornaments. Trash,ti. Any thing worthless,dross. Trash-y (trash'e), a. [trashier — trashiest.] Vile, worthless. *Trau-mat-ic (tra-mat'ik), n. A medicine to heal wounds : — a., pertaining to wounds. Trav-ail (trav'll), n. Toil, labor : — v. i., to labor with pain ; to be in labor. Trav-el (trav'il), n. Journey ; a voyage: — v. %., to make jour- neys : — v. t., to pass ; to go ; to journey over. Trav'el x ing, \ *Trav'el v ling, j p ' pr8t Trav'el-ed, *Trav'ell-ed, Trav-el-er ) ( , f, „ lM « v One who travels. Trav-ers-a-ble (trav'ers^a-bl), a. Possible to be traversed. Trav-erse (traverse), a. Lying across : — it., any thing laid or built across ; an obstacle ; a de- nial ; a legal objection : — v. t., to lay athwart ; to cross ; to ob- struct; to wander over; to sur- vey [263] : — v. Uj in Fencing, to make opposition ; to move round, as the needle of a compass : — ad., crosswise ; prp. t through, across. D, }P'*> r f- Trav'er^sing, p. prs. Tj^M** Traverse is rarely used as a preposition. *Trav-es-ty (trav'eVte), n. A burlesque translation : — a., bur- lesqued, ridiculous : — v. t. f to translate so as to render ridicu- lous. Trav'esVi-ed, p. prf. Trav'es v ties, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. *Tray (tra), n. A kind of shallow trough or dish. Treach-er-ous (tretsh'eVus), a. Faithless, perfidious. [58-22.] Treach-er-ous-ly (trStsh'eYus- le), ad. In a faithless manner. *Treach-er-y (tretsh'urVe), n. A breach of faith, perfidy. [271.] Treach'er^ies, n. pi. *Trea-cle (tr£'kl), n. Molasses. Tread (tr£d), v. i. [trod — trod- den or trod.] To set the foot; to trample ; to walk : — v. t., to walk on ; to trample : — n., step of the foot ; track. *Tread-le (trSd'dl), n. Part of a loom or machine worked by the foot. Tread-Mill (trSd'mll), n. A mill moved by persons treading on a wheel. Trea-son (tre'zn), n. An offense against the person of majesty, or the safety of the commonwealth. [69-5.] Trea-son-a-ble (tre'zn^a-bl), a. Of the nature of treason. Trea-son-a-ble-ness (tre'zn x a-bl- x n£s), n. State of being treason- able. Trea-sure (tre'zh'ur), n. Wealth hoarded; abundance; riches [78-4]: — v. t. y to hoard, to lay up. Treasuring, p. prs. Treas-u-rer (tr&zh'uVur), n. One who has the care of money. TREAS-URE-TROVE(tre : zh , ur > tr6ve) n. Money, &c. found hidden in the earth, the owner being un- known. TRE TUT nor, not— tube, tub, bill — 611- -pound — thin, this. TRI Treas-u-ry (trezh'uVe), n. A place for money ; any well-sup- plied repository. Treasuries, n. pi. Treat (treet), v. t. To negotiate ; to discourse on ; to entertain ; to handle : — v. L, to make terms or a treaty: — n., an entertainment. Trea-tise (tre'tiz), n. A discourse; a written tract ; a book.f Treat-ment (treet'niSnt), n. Man- ner of treating ; usage ; manage- ment. Trea-ty (tree't£), n. Negotia- tion; contract; compact. Trea'ties, n. pi. Treb-le (treVbl), a. Threefold ; sharp of sound : — v. t., to make threefold : — v. i., to become three- fold : — n., a sharp sound ; a part in music. Treb'ling, p. prs. Treb-ly (treb'le), ad. In a three- fold degree. Tree, n. A large vegetable rising with one woody stem to a con- siderable height: — v. t, to drive up a tree. Tree-nail (tree'nale), n. A wooden pin for fastening planks, used in ship-building. Tre-foil (tre'fdil), n. A plant with three leaves. *Treil-lage (trel'llj), n. A trel- lis for plants. Trel-lis (treTlis), n. A lattice- work of iron, : — a., given or paid as a tribute. Trice (trlse), n. A short time, an instant. Trick (trlk), n. A sly fraud ; arti- fice ; stratagem : — v. t., to cheat ; to defraud ; to impose upon : — v. i. f to practice fraud. Trick-er-y (trlk'urVe), n. Artifice. Trick'er x ies, n. pi. Trick-ish (trlk'lsh), a. Knavishly artful. Trick-le (trlk'kl), v. i. To fall in drops. Trick'ling, p. prs. Trick-ster (trik'stur), n. A de- ceiver ; a cheat. Trick-y (trlk'e), a. [trickier — trickiest.] Trickish. 519 TRI TRI Fate, far, fall, fat — me, inet — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, TRI Tri-col-or (trl'kuTlur), n. Any flag of three colors. Tri-dent (trl'dent), n. A three- forked sceptre. *Tri-en-ni-al (trl-en'ne'al), a. Lasting three years ; occurring once in three years. Tri-en-ni-al-ly (trl-en'ne N al-le), ad. Once in three years. *Tri-er (trl'ur), n. One who tries. Tri-fal-low (trl"f&l-16), v. t. To plough the third time before sowing. Tri-fid (trl'fld), a. Divided into three parts. Tri-fle (trl'fl), n. A thing of no moment or value [65-1] [225-18]: — v. i., to act with levity : — v. t., to spend on trifles ; to dissipate. Tri'fling, p. prs.: — a., wanting worth, trivial. Tri-fling-ly (trl'fllng^le), ad. "Without importance. Tri-form (trl'f6rin), a. Having a triple form. Tr!g, v. t. To stop by a block, as a wheel. Trig'ging, p. prs. Trig'ged, p. prf. Trig-ger (trig'gur), n. A catch of a wheel or gun. *Tri-glyph (trl'gllf or trlg'llf), n. A grooved ornament in the frieze of a Doric column. Tri-gon (tri'g6n), n. A triangle. Trig-o-nal (trig'6 v nal), a. Tri- angular. Trig-o-no-met-ri-cal (Hrig-6-n6- met're^kal), a. According to trigonometry. Trig-o-nom-e-try (Hrlg-o-n6ui'e- Hre), n. Art of measuring tri- angles. Tri-graph (trl'graf), n. Three letters united in one sound; as, ieu in lieu. Tri-lat-er-al (trl-lat'er v al), a. Having three sides. Tri-lit-er-al (trl-llt'uVal), a. Having three letters. 520 Trill, n. Quaver; in Music, a sign denoting a shake, and marked thus [ /w ] : — v. t., to quaver; to shake : — v. i., to trickle. Trill-ion (trll'yun), a. or n. By the French or American method of numeration, a number ex- pressed by a unit in the thir- teenth place ; by the English method, a unit in the nineteenth place. TrIm, v. t. To dress ; to shave : — v. i., to fluctuate between parties : — a. [trimmer — trimmest], nice, dressed up; snug: — n, f dress, ornaments, gear. Trim'ming, p. prs.: — n., lace, &c. on clothes ; dressing. Trim'med, p. prf. Trim-mer (trlm'mur), a. com.: — n. f a turncoat. Trim-e-ter (trim'e^tur), n. A verse of three measures. Trim-ly (trim'le), ad. Nicely. Trim-ness (trlm'nes), n. Neat- ness; snugness. Tri-nal (tri'nal), a. Threefold. Trine, n. An aspect of planets placed in three angles of a tri- gon : — a., threefold, belonging to three. Trin-i- ta-ri- an ( v trln-e-ta're x an), n. A believer in the Trinity : — a., relating to the Trinity. Trin-i-ty (trln'eHe), n. Union of three persons in the Godhead. Trink-et (tringk'lt), n. A toy; a thing of small value ; a jewel. Tri-no-mi-al (trl-no'me^al), a. Consisting of three terms: — n. f that which consists of three terms. Tri-o (trl'6), n. A concert, or piece of music of three parts. *Tri'os, n.pl. Tr!p, v. t. To supplant; to cause to stumble : — v. i., to err; to stum- ble : — w., a stumble ; a mistake ; a short voyage ; a false step. Trip'ping, p. prs. Trip'ped, p. prf. Trip-ar-tite (trlp'arHlte), a. Di- vided into three parts; binding three parties. TrIpe, n. The stomach of the ox prepared for food. Tri-per-son-al-i-ty (trTpSr-sun- al'leHe), n. The existence of three persons in one Godhead. ^Triph-thong (tAtHhtng or trlp'- ^6ng)n.Coalition of three vowels. Triph-thong-al (trlf-*A6ng'gal or trlp-^6ng'gal), a. Relating to a triphthong. Trip-le (trlp'pl), a. Threefold. TRip-LET(trip'llt),w. Three of a kind. Trip-li-cate (trip'leMt), a. Thrice as much. Trip-li-ca-tion (Hrip-le-ka'shun), n. Act of trebling. Tri-plic-i-ty (trl-plls'seHe), n. State of being threefold. Tri-pod (trl'p6d), n. A seat with three feet. [55-13.] Trip-ping-ly (trip'pingHe), ad. With agility ; nimbly. *"TRi-REME(tri , reme)?i.Agalley with three benches of oars on a side. Tri-sect (tri-sekt'), v. t. To cut into three parts. Tri-sec-tion (tri-sek'shun), n. Division into three equal parts. Tris-yl-lab-ic Ctris-11-lab'lk), a. Consisting of trisyllables. Tris-yl-la-ble (tris-il'la'bl or trl- sil'la^bl), n. A word consisting of three syllables. TrIte, a. Worn out, stale. Trite-ness (trlte'nes), n. Com- monness. Tri-the-ism (tri'th&lzm), n. A belief in three gods. Tri-ton (trl'tun), n. In Mythology, the trumpeteer of Neptune. Trit-u-ra-ble (trlt'ura-bl), a. Possible to be triturated. Trit-u-rate (trit'u'rate), v. t. To rub to a powder ; to pulverize. Trit'u x ra-ting, p. prs. Trit-u-ra-tion (Hrit-u-ra'shun), ». Act of reducing to a fine powder. TRO TRO n5r, n6t — tube, tub, bull— 611 — p6dnd — thin, this. TRU Tri-umph (tri'umf), n. Victory; joy or pomp for success [27-29] [240-11] : — v. %., to celebrate a victory with pomp ; to exult. Tri-umph-al (tri-iinifal), a. Used in celebrating victory. Tri-umph-ant (trl-umf'ant), a. Celebrating a victory, victorious; rejoicing, as for victory. Tri-umph-ant-ly (trl-iimfantHe), ad. In a triumphant manner. *Tri-um-vir (tri-um'vlr), n. One of three men united in office. Tri-um'v^ ri, ) , m i > n. pi. Tri-um'virs, j r Tri-um-vi-rate (tri-um'veMt), n. A government by three men. Tri-une (trl-une'), a. At once three and one. Tri-u-ni-ty (tri-u'ne^te), n. Trinity, state of being triune. Tri-u'ni v ties, m. pi. *Triv-i-al (trivial or trlv'yal), a. Trifling ; unimportant ; small. [217.] Triv-i-al-ly (triv'e'al-le or triv'- yal x le), ad. Lightly ; triflingly. Triv-i-al-ness (triv'^al-nes or trlv'yarnls), n. Lightness, small- ness. *Tro-car (tro'kar), n. A surgicaf instrument : — sometimes written TROCHAR. *Tro-cha-ic (tr&-ka'ik), a. Con- sisting of trochees. *Tro-chee (tr6'ke&), n. A poetic foot of two syllables, only the first of which is accented. *Tro-chil-ics (trd-kil'lks), n. The science of rotary motion. Tro-chings (trd-klngz), n. pi. Branches on a deer's head. Trod, pet. t. and p. prf. of tread. TROD'DEN, p. prf. Of TREAD. Troll (trdle), v. i. To run round ; to roll ; to fish, as for pike : — v. t., to move around ; to utter fluently. Trol-lop (tr61'lup), n. A slattern; loiterer. Trom-bone (tr6m'b6ne), ) Trom-bo-ne (tr&m-bo'ne), j A brass wind-instrument of mu- sic serving as bass to the trum- pet; a sackbut. Tr6mp, n. A blowing machine for a furnace. Tr66p, n. A company ; a body of soldiers: — v. i. 9 to march in a body. [367-9.] Troop-er (tr66p'ur), n. A horse- soldier. Tr6pe, n. A rhetorical figure by which a word or expression is changed from its original signifi- cation ; as, " Trees wept gums." Tro-phied (tr6'fid), a. Adorned with trophies. Tro-phy (tro'fe), n. A memorial of victory ; something taken from an enemy. [21.] Tro'phies, n. pi. Trop-ic (tr6p'ik), n. The line or point 23£ degrees from the equa- tor at which the sun turns back on its apparent journey; one of the two lines which bound the torrid zone. Trop-i-cal (tr6p'e x kal), a. Belong- ing to the tropics; figurative. [40-21.] Tr6t, v. i. To ride in a trot : — v. t., to cause to trot: — n. y the jolting pace of a horse. Trot'ting, p. prs. Trot'ted, p. prf. Troth (tr6th), n. Fidelity; truth; faith. Trot-ter (tr6t'tur), n. One that trots; a sheep's foot. Trou-ba-dour (tr66'baM66r), n. Formerly, a poet of Provence, in France. Troub-le (trub'bl), v. t. To dis- turb ; to perplex ; to sue : — n., disturbance, affliction. Troub'ling, p. prs. Troub-le-some (trub'bPsum), a. Teasing ; vexatious ; uneasy ; wearisome, (ap. p. — to.) 44* Troub-le-some-ness (triiVbrsum- n£s), n. Vexatiousness. Troub-lous (trub'lus), a. Afflict- ive; tumultuous. Trough (trof or trawf ), n. Any thing hollowed. Trounce (trdiinse), v. t. To punish by beating. Troun'cing, p. prs. Trou-sers. See trowsers. Tr6ut, n. sing, and pi. A deli- cate fish. Tro-ver (tro'vur), n. In Laic, an action for goods found and not de- livered to the owner on demand. Trow (tr6), v. i. To think. Trow-el (tr6u.ll), n. A tool used by bricklayers, masons, &c. Trou-sers ) ,. A3 , & * , *Trow-se ES j (trau'riii),^.^ Breeches. Troy-Weight (trSe'wate), n. A measure of weight containing 12 ounces to the pound (used by goldsmiths and jewellers). Tru-ant (tro6'ant), n. An idler; one absent from duty : — a., idle, lazy ; wandering from school. Truce (tr66se), n. A temporary peace ; cessation of hostilities. Truck (truk), v. i. or v. t. To traffic by exchange; to barter [174-1]: — n., exchange ; a wheel ; a kind of cart. Truck-age (truk'lje), n. Cost of trucking; barter. Truck-Farm (truk'farm), n. A farm tilled to produoe vegetables for trucking. Truck-le (triik'kl), v. i. To be in a state of subjection ; to sub- mit servilely; to yield: — n., a small wheel. Truck'ling, p. prs. Truck-le-Bed (truk'kPbed), n. A bed on rollers under another. Tru-cu-lence (trdo'kii^nse), n. Savageness, ferocity. *Tru-cu-lent (tr66'ku x lent), a. Savage, barbarous. 521 TRU TUB Fate, far, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — no, move, TUM Trudge (trudje), v. i. To jog on heavily ; to march on foot. Trudg'ing, p. prs. True (trod), a. Not false, genu- ine, honest; certain; exact, (ap. p.— to.) True-heart-ed (tr66-hart'^d), a. Honest, faithful, sincere. True-ness (tr66'nes),w. Sincerity. True-pen-ny (tru'p6n x n&), ft. An honest fellow. True'pen v nies, n. pi. Truf-ple (truffl or tru'fl), ft. A subterraneous fungus. Tru-ism (tr66'izm), n. Self-evi- dent truth, an axiom. Tru-ly (tr66'le), ad. In fact; indeed ; exactly ; really. Trump, ft. A trumpet; a winning card : — v. t., to win with a trump card: — v. i., to play a trump card. Trump-er-y (trump'urVe), ft. Tri- fles ; trash ; empty talk. Trump'eries, n. pi. Trump-et (trump'lt), n. An in- strument of martial music: — v. t., to sound by trumpet; to proclaim. Trump-et-er (trump'itfur), n. One who sounds a trumpet; one who proclaims. Trunc-ate (tmngk'ate), v. t. To lop ; to maim. Truncating, p. prs. Trunc-a-tion (trungk-a'shun), n. Act of cutting off. *Trunch-eon (trunsh'dn), n. A cudgel ; a staff of command. Trun-dle (trun'dl), v. t. or v. i. To roll : — n., a round, rolling thing ; a small wheel. Trun'dling, p. prs. Trun-dle-Bed (trun'dl v bed), ft. A bed on trundles. Trunk (triingk), n. The body of any thing ; the stem of a tree ; the body without the extremi ties; a chest for clothes; the proboscis of an elephant. 522 Trun-nel (trun'nel), w. A roller; a treenail. *Trunn-ion (trun'yun), n. A knob on great guns. Tru-sion (tr66'zhun), n. The act of thrusting. Truss, ft. A bandage for rup- tures ; 36 pounds of straw ; 56 pounds of hay : — v. t., to pack close : to support with a truss. Truss'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Trust, n. Confidence, reliance; credit; belief [220] : — v. i., to place confidence in ; to sell upon credit ; to rely on : — v. i., to have confidence ; to hope. (ap. p.— in, to.) [65-22.] Trus-tee (trus-tee'), n. One in- trusted with any thing. Trust-i-ly (trust'e'le), ad. Faith- fully, honestly. Trust-i-ness (triist'eWs), ft. Fi- delity, honesty. Trust-y (trust'e), a. [trustier — trustiest.] Worthy of con- fidence, faithful, true. Truth (trbbth), n. Purity from falsehood; conformity to fact; reality. [158-6.] Truths (trbbthz), n. pi. Truth-ful (tr&6tf/fiil), a. Full of truth, true. Truth-ful-ly (tr66^'furie), ad. According to truth. Truth-ful-ness (trd&jA'fuPnes), ft. State of being truthful. Try (trl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, tries.] To examine ; to use ; to essay ; to attempt : — v. i., to make an effort. Tri-ed (tride), p. prf. Tub, ft. A large, open vessel of wood. Tube, n. A pipe, a siphon. Tu-ber (tu'ber), ft. A vegetable root, as the potato. Tu-ber-cle (tu'beYkl), n. A small tumor in the substance of organs, a pimple ; a small, blunt promi- nence on a bone. Tu-ber-cu-lar (tu-beVkuMar), a. Full of, or caused by, slum 11 tumors. Tu-ber-cu-li-za-tion (tu^ber-kii- 11-za'shun), w. The state or act of producing tubercles. Tube-rose (tube'roze), ) *Tu-be-rose (tu'beVoze), } n ' A plant with a tuberous root. *Tu-ber-ous (tu'beYus), a. Hav- ing tubers. Tu-bu-lar (tu'bu'lar), ") Tu-bu-la-ted (tuWla-ted), j a ' Resembling a pipe or trunk ; fistular. Tu-bu-lous (tu'bu'lus), \ *Tu-bu-li-form (tuWle-forin), J a. Having the form of a tube. Tuck (tuk), n. A long, narrow sword; a fold : — v. t., to fold un- der. [363-24.] Tues-day (tuze'de), n. The third day of the week. Tu-fa (tti'fa), ft. A mineral de- posit. Tuf-foon. See typhoon. Tuft, n. A knot; a bunch; a cluster, a clump : — v. t., to adorn with tufts. Tuft-y (tuft'e), a. Adorned with tufts. [301-16.] Tug, v. t. or v. i. To pull ; to draw : — n., a pull with force ; part of a harness; a tow-boat. Tug'ging, p. prs. Tug'ged, p. prf. Tu-i-tion (tu-ish'un), n. Guardian- ship, instruction ; price of teach- ing. Tu-i-tion-a-ry (tu-ish'un^a-re), a. Relating to tuition. Tu-lip (tu'lip), ft. A bulbous plant and its variegated flower. Tum-ble (tum'bl), v. i. To fall ; to roll about: — v. t., to turn over; to throw about: — ft., a fall. Tum'bling, p. prs. Tum-bler (tum'blur), n. A kind of drinking- vessel made of glass; a pigeon ; one who tumbles. TUN TUR ndr, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p6und—^in, THis. TUR *Tum-brel (tum'brel), n. A mill tary cart ; a ducking-stool. *Tum-bril (tum'brll), n. A kind of basket. Tu-me-fac-tion (Hu-me-fak'shun), n. A swelling. Tu-me-fy (tu'me v fi) , v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, tumefies.] To swell; to puff up. Tu'me n fi-ed, p. prf. Tu-mid (tu'mid), a. Swelling ; puffed up; bombastic. Tu-mid-ness (tu'mkTnes), n. State of being tumid. Tu-mu-lar (tu'nm v lar), a. Formed in heaps. Tu-mor (tu-miir), n. A morbid swelling j affected show. Tu-mult (tu'mult), n. A stir; a wild commotion ; disorder; tur- moil. [70-14.] Tu-MULT-u-A-RY(tu-mul'tshu^a-re), a. Disorderly, confused, noisy. Tu-mult-u-ous (tu-rnul'tshuMs),**. Turbulent, violent, noisy. Tu-mult-u-ous-ly (tu-niul'tshu- x iis-le), ad. With confusion ; tur- bulently. [37-12.] Tu-MULT-U-OL T S-NESS(tU-mdl'tshu- ^us-nes), n. Disorder, commo- tion, noise. Tu-mu-lus (tu'mu lus), n. An ar- tificial mound of earth. Tu'mu x li, n. pi. Tun, n. A wine-cask containing 252 gallons; a beer-cask con taining 216 gallons; the con tents of a tun : — see ton and GALLON. Tu-na-ble (tu'na^bl), a. Harmo- nious, musical. Tu-na-bly (tu'na x ble), ad. Har- moniously; melodiously. Tune, n. Diversity of notes put together; harmony; right dis- position : — v. t., to put into a musical state; to sing: — v. i. f to give forth a tone. Turning, p. prs. Tune-ful (tune'ful), a. Musical Tung-sten (tung'sten), n. Wol- fram ; a white, brittle metal. Tu-nic (tu'nik), n. A part of the Roman dress ; integument ; a membrane. Tu-ni-cle (tu'ne v kl), n. A natural cover; integument. Tun-nage. See tonnage. Tun-nel (tun'nil), n. The shaft of a chimney ; a funnel ; a sub- terranean passage : — v. t., to pierce with a tunnel. Tun'nel^ing, \ *Tun'nel x ling, \P'P rs - Tun'nel-ed, \ f *Tun'nell-ed, \P-PV- Tur-ban (tur'bun), n. The head- dress worn by the Turks. Tur-ba-ry (tur'baVe), n. A right of digging turf, or the place where it is dug. Tur'ba n ries, n. pi. Tur-bid (tur'bld), a. Muddy ; thick with sediment. Tur-bid-ness (tur'bld v nes), n. Muddiness. Tur-bin-ate (tur'binlt), > Tur-bin-a-ted (tur'bin y i-ted), j Shell-shaped, spiral, twisted. TuR-BiN-A-TioN(v X tur-bin-a'shun),n. The act of whirling like a top. Tur-bine (tur'bin), n. A wheel of great power. *Tur-bot (tur'but), n. A fish. Tur-bu-lence (tur'buHense), Tur-bu-len-cy (tiir'bu^len-se), n. Tumult, confusion, disorder. [85-17.] [280-19.] Tur-bu-lent (tur'bu^lent), a. Tu- multuous, violent, disturbed/) - Tur-bu-lent-ly (tur'bu x lent-le), ad. Tumultuously. *Tu-reen (tu-reen'), n. A deep vessel for soup. Turf, n. A clod covered with grass; a sod; peat for fuel; a race-ground ; horse -racing :■ v. t., to cover with turf. * Turfs, ) 7 TUBYES,!"-^ Tur-fi-ness (tur'fe x nes), n. State of abounding with turf. Turf-y (turf e), a. Full of turfs or clods. Tur-gent (tur'jent), a. Swelled, swelling. *Tur-ges-cence (tur-jes'sense), ) Tur-ges-cen-cy (tur-jeVsen'se), j n. The state of being swelled ; bombast. Tur-gid (tur'jid), a. Swelling ; pompous ; bloated. Tur-gid-i-ty (tur-jid'e'te), n. The state of being swollen; bombast. Tur-gid-ness (tur'jid v nes), n. The state of being turgid. Tur-key (tuVke), n. An American domestic fowl, so named from its having been erroneously sup- posed to be brought from Turkey. Jg^** Webster prefers turky to turkey. The plural of the first form of this word is tur- kies ; that of the second, turkeys. Tur-kois (tur-kdiz' or tur-keez'), n. A mineral of a blue or light green color, used in jewelry. *Tur-mer-ic (tur'nieYik), n. An Indian root which makes a yel- low dye : — a., j'ellow. Tur-moil (tur'inMl), n. Trouble ; disturbance [147-23] : — v. t., to harass; to weary: — v. i., to be disquieted. Turn, v. t. To put into a circular motion ; to change ; to trans- form; to alter; to convert: to carve wood, ivory, &c. on a lathe : — v. %., to have a circular motion; to change sides; to be- come sour: — »., act of turning, change; inclination; form. Turn'ing, p. prs. : — n., flexure. Turn-coat (turn'k6te), ». One who forsakes his principles or party. TuRN-ER(turn / ur),n. One who turns. Turn-ing-Lathe (turnlng'laTHE), n. A tool used in carving wood, ivory, . prs. Tut, in. An expression of con- tempt. *Tu-te-lage (tu'te r lije), n. Guar- dianship. Tu-te-lar (tu'teMar), ) Tu-te-la-ry (tu'te N la-re), j a ' Defensive, guarding. [132-16.] 524 Tu-tor (tu'tiir), n. One who has the charge of another's learn- ing; one who instructs; a pre- ceptor: — v. t., to instruct; to teach ; to discipline. Tu-tor-ess (tu'tur^es), n. An in- structress, a governess. Tu'tor^ess-es, n. pL Tu-to-ri-al (tu-to're x al), a. Be- longing to a tutor. Twad-dle (tw6d'dl), n. Non- sense : — v. i.y to gabble ; to twattle. Twad'dling, p. prs. *Twain (twane), a. Two. Twang, v. i. To sound with a quick, sharp noise : — v. t., to cause to give a twang : — n., a sharp, quick sound. Twat-.tle (twat'tl), v. i. To talk much; to chatter. Twat'tling, p. prs. Tweag (tweeg), v. i. To tweak. Tweak (tweek), v. i. To pinch; to squeeze. Twee-dle (twee'dl), v. U To handle lightly. Twee'dling, p. prs. Tweel. See twill. *Twee-zers (twee'zurz),n.^. Nip- pers to pluck out hairs. Twelfth (twelM), a. The ordinal of twelve; noting the number twelve : — n., one of twelve equal parts into which any thing is divided. Twelfth-ly (twelM'le), ad. In the twelfth place. TwELVE(twelv),a.orn.Twicesix,12. Twelve-month (twelv'inun^), n. A year. Twelve-pence (twelv'pense), n. A shilling. Twelve-pen-ny (twelv'pen^ne), a. Valued at a shilling. Twen-ti-eth (tweVte^), a. The ordinal of twenty ; noting the number twenty : — n., one of twen- ty equal parts into which any thing is divided. Twen-ty (twSn'te), a. or n. Twice ten; 20. *Twt-bil ) ,. „ Mn (A kind Twi-BiLLJ( twibi1 )' n 'iof mat- tock ; a halberd. Twice (twlse), ad. Two times ; doubly. Twi-fal-low (twl'fari6), v. t. To plough or fallow a second time. Tw!g, n. A small shoot of a branch. Twig-gy (twig'ge), a. Abounding with, or made of, twigs. Twi-light (twl'llte), n. The faint light before sunrise and after sun- set: — a., obscure; seen or done by twilight. TwIll, v. t. To weave so as to make diagonal ribs or ridges in cloth ; to quill : — also written tweel. Tw!n, n. One of two born at a birth : — a., noting one of two produced at a birth. Twins, n. pi. One of the twelve signs of the zodiac ; the Gemini (Castor and Pollux). TwIne, v. t. To twist; to em- brace : — v. i., to unite closely :— »., twisted thread; a twist; a close embrace. Twi'ning, p. prs. Twinge (twinje), v. t. To torment; to pinch: — v. i., to feel sudden, keen pains : — n., a sudden, sharp pain ; a pinch. Twin'ging, p. prs. Twink-le (twlngk'kl), v. i. To sparkle ; to shine with a quiver- ing light; to open and shut the eye by turns: — n., a twinkling. Twink'ling, p. prs. : — n., a spark- ling light; a motion of the eye; a moment. [183-27.] Twin-ling (twln'llng), n. A twin lamb. Twirl (twerl), v. t. To cause to turn round: — v. i., to turn ' round with velocity ; to revolve : — n.. circular motion. TYM TYP n5r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — oil — pMnd — thin, rnis. TZA TwIst, v. t. To form by complica- tion ; to wreath : — v. %., to be contorted: — n., any thing made by convolution ; a cord ; act of twisting. Tw!t, v. i. To upbraid; to tanta- lize ; to reproach. Twit'ting, p. prs. Twit'ted, p. prf. Twitch (twitsh), v. t. To snatch; to jerk: — n., a quick pull; a twinge. Twitch'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Twit-ter (twlt'tur), n. One who twits ; a small noise, as that made by a swallow : — v. i., to make a small intermitted noise. Two (t66), a. or n. One and one: twice one : — n., a couple; 2. Two-Edged (t66'edjd), a. Having an edge on both sides. Two-fold (t66'fdld), a. Double; two : — ad., doubly. Two-Hand-ed (t&6' v hand-ed), a. Having two hands ; made for two hands; bulky, stout, strong. Two-Legged (t66'!egd), a. Hav- ing two legs. Two-Mast-ed (t66' , mast-Sd), a. Having two masts. Two-PENCE(t66'penseortup'p£nse), n. A penny twice told,a small coin. Two-pen-ny (t&6'pen x ne or tup'- p^nW), a. Valued at twopence. Two-Ply (td&'pll), a. Consisting of two thicknesses ; double. Two-Tongued (t&6'tungd), a, Double-tongued; deceitful. Tye. See tie. Ty-ger. See tiger. Tyke. See tike. *Tyle (tile), v. t. To guard the entrance to the meeting of a se cret society. Tyi/ing, p. prs. *Tyl-er (til'ur), n. An officer who guards the entrance to the meeting of a secret society. #Tym-bal (tlm'bal), n. A kind of kettle-drum. *Tym-pan (tim'pan), n. A print- er's frame for blank sheets ; the panel of a pillar or door. Tym-pan-ic (tlm-pan'ik), a. Rela- ting to the tympanum; drum-like. Tym-pa-nize (tim'pa v nize), v. t. To stretch over, as the skin over a drum: — v. L, to act the part of a drummer. Tym'pa n ni-zing, p. prs. *TYM-PA-NUM(tim'panum),ri. The drum of the ear ; a hollow wheel, as in cranes, treadmills, &c. Type (tipe), n. An emblem; a specimen ; a symbol by which something is prefigured; a form or characteristic of a disease ; a printing-letter. [335.] Type-Found-ing (tlpe'fdundlng), n. The art or act of casting types or letters for printing. Type-Met-al (tipe'meVtl), n. An alloy of lead and antimony used in making types. Ty-phoid (ti'fdld), a. Relating to, or resembling, typhus fever. Ty-phoon (ti-f66n'), n. A hurri- cane in the Chinese seas : — also written tuffoon. *Ty-phous (tl'fus), a. Relating to typhus; typhoid. *Ty-phus (tl'fus), n. A fever char- acterized by great debility. Typ-ic (tlp'ik), ) *Typ-i-cal (tlp'e'kal), j a ' Figurative ; emblematical. Typ-i-cal-ly (tip'e'kal-le), ad. In a typical manner; symboli- cally. Typ-i-cal-ness (tip'e^kal-nds), n. State of being typical. *Typ-i-fy (tlp'e'fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, typifies.] To show by a type or emblem. TypVfi-ed, p. prf. Ty-pog-ra-pher (tl-p6g'gra r fur), n. A printer. Typ-o-graph-ic ( N tip-6-graflk or v tl-p6-graf'lk), a. Typograph ical; figurative. Typ-o-graph-i-cal ( x dp-6-graf'e- \kl or Hl-po-graf e'kal), a. Be- longing to the art of printing. *Typ-o-graph-i-cal-ly (Mp-6- graf'e x kal-le or Hi-p6-graf'e x kal- le), ad. By means of types. Ty-pog-ra-phy (ti-p6g'ra N fe), n. The art of printing ; emblemati- cal, figurative, or hieroglyphical representation. Ty-pog'ra v phies, n. pi. Ty-pol-o-gy (tl-p&lWje), n. The doctrine of types, or a discourse on types. Ty-polVgies, n. pi. Tyr-an-ness (tir'an^s), n. A female tyrant. Tyr'an v ness-es, n. pi. Ty-ran-nic (ti-ran'nik), ] *Ty-ran-ni-cal (tl-ran'ne'kal), j a. Arbitrary; acting like a tyrant. TY-RAN-Ni-CAL-LY(tl-ran , n^kal-le) ad. In the manner of a tyrant. *T y-ran-ni-cide (tl-ran'ne v slde ), n. The murder or murderer of a tyrant. *Tyr-an-nize (tlr'ran^nize), v. i. To play or act the tyrant, (ap. p. — over.) Tyr'an v ni-zing, p. prs. *Tyr-an-nous (tlr'ran^us), a. Ty- rannical, arbitrary, cruel. *Tyr-an-ny (tlr'raVne), n. The government or conduct of a ty- rant; unresisted and cruel power, severity; despotism. [105-1.] Tyr'an x nies, n. pi. Ty-rant (tl'rant), n. A cruel, despotic master or ruler; an op- pressor. [360-22.] Tyre (tire), n. In India, a prepa- ration made of milk and butter- milk, to be eaten with rice : — see TIRE. Ty-ro (tl'r6), n. One in his rudi- ments ; a beginner ; a novice : — sometimes written tiro. *Ty'ros, n. pi. Tzar. See czar. 525 ULT TO Fate, far. fall, fat— me, met— pine, p!n— no, move, UNB U(u), n. The twenty-fifth let. ter and the fifth vowel. The name is written U, the plural of which is Ues. U and V wero formerly the same letter: they are now distinct in form, classi fication, and use. U.S.N, stand for United States Navy. U-bi-e-ty (yu-bi'e x te), n. The state of being in a place. U-biq-ui-tous (yu-bik'we^tus), a Existing everywhere at once. U-biq-ui-ty (yu-blk'kwe x td), n. Omnipresence. Ud-der (ud'dur), n. The milk- gland of beasts. Ug-li-ness (ug'le^nes), n. Deform- ity ; depravity. Ug-ly (tig'16), a. [uglier — UG lie ST.] Deformed, offensive ; not handsome. *U-kasb (yu'kase),n. An imperial order, a Russian edict. Ul-cer (ul'sur), n. A symptom- atic, slow-healing sore. Ul-cer-ate (ul'sur^ate), v. t. To make ulcerous : — v. i., to become ulcerous. Ul'cer v a-ting, p. prs. Ul-cer-a-tion (^ul-sur-a'shun), «, The act of breaking into ulcers. *Ul-cer-ous (ul'surMs), a. Af- flicted with ulcers. U-LiG-i-NOUs(yu-lij , e A ni\s),a.Slimy. Ul-lage (ul'lij), n. The amount a cask wants of being full. Ul-te-ri-or (ul-t£'r6 x ur), a. Lying beyond. Ul-ti-mate (tilWmlt), a. Final; last ; most remote. [235-14.] Ul-ti-mate-ly (ul'te v mlt-le), ad. In the last consequence; finally. [57-6.] [238-13.] Ul-ti-ma-tum ( v ul-t£-ma'tum), n. The last proposition. n Ul-ti-ma'ta, n. pi. Ul-ti-mo (ul'te'mo), n. The last month. 526 Ul-tra (uTtra), a. Extreme. Ultra-ism (lil'tralzm), n. Ex treme opinions. Ul-tra-ma-rine ( v ul-tra-ma-reen / ), n. A beautiful blue color : — foreign, beyond the sea. Ul-tra-mon-tane ful-tra-m6n'- tane), a. Beyond the mountains, Ul-tra-mun-dane ful-tra-mun'- dane), a. Beyond the world. Ul-u-la-tion ( N ul-u-la'shun), n. A howling, as of a dog. Um-bel (um'bel), n. A form of inflorescence, as in the carrot. Um-ber (um'bur), n. A brown color ; a pigment. Um-bles (um'blz), n. pi. A deer's entrails. Um-bo (um'b6), n. A protuber- ance ; a boss on a shield. Um'boes, n. pi. Um-brage (um'brije), n. Shade; offense, resentment. Um-bra-ge-ous (um-bra'je^us or um-bra'jus), a. Shady. *Um-brel-la (i^in-brel'la), n. A screen from sunshine and rain. Um-pire (um'plre), u. An arbi trator, a judge. J^** Un, when prefixed to verbs, means to do the reverse of ; when prefixed to nouns, want of; to adjectives or adverbs, not; as, *mbolt, uncleanliness, unfair, unfairly. In adjectives and adverbs the Saxon un and the Latin in are often inter- changeable ; as, inapproach- able, unapproachable ; inaptly, unaptly. Adjectives have a tendency to change UN to in on becoming nouns; as, unjust, injustice ; uncivil, incivility. As the words compounded with un are exceedingly nu- merous, and most of them self- defining, nearly all are omitted except those that have some pe- culiarity in their signification, pronunciation, or orthography. Un-a-ba-ted ( x un-a-ba't&d), a. Not abated or diminished in vio- lence. [343-18.] Un-ac-cept-a-ble ( x un-ak-sept'a- N61), a. Not accepted. [363-6.] Un-ac-com-mo-da-ting ( x un-ak- k6m'm6Ma-ting), a. Not ac- commodating. [257-14.] UN-Ac-coM-PLiSH-ED( y un-ak-k6m'- pllsht), a. Unfinished, inelegant. UN-AC-COUNT-A-BLE( X Un-ak-kdunt'- a N bl), a. Not to be solved by reason ; not responsible. [337-1.] UN-AC-couNT-A-BLY( x un-ak-k6unt' a'ble), ad. Inexplicably. Un-ad-vis-a-ble fun-ad-vlz'a- y bl), a. Not expedient. *Un- ad-vis-ed (^un-ad-vlzd'), a. Indiscreet. Un-af-fect-ed fun-af-fekt'Sd), a. Real; candid; sincere. - ) - Un-al-loy-ed ( v un-al-lSld'),a. Not alloyed; uncorrupted. [32-39.] U-na-nim-i-ty ( x yu-na-nim'e x te), n. Harmony; agreement of opinion. U-nan-i-mous (yu-nan'e^mds), a. Being of one mind. U-NAN-i-Mous-LY(yu-nan^ v mus-le) ad. With unanimity or entire agreement. [53-4.] Un-apt (un-aptf), a. Dull; unfit. Un-apt-ness (un-apt r nes), n. Un- fitness ; disqualification. Un-at-tend-ed ( x un-at-tend'ed), a. Having no attendants. Un-a-vail-a-ble ( N un-a-vale'a N bl), *Un- a- vail-in g ( v un-a-vale'ing), a. Useless, vain, ineffectual. Un-a-wares fun-a-warz'), ad. Unexpectedly,suddenly. [326-12.] *Un-be-lief ( v un-b£-leef ), n. In- fidelity. Un-be-liev-er ( v un-b£-leeVur), n. An infidel, one incredulous. Un-bend (un-bend'), v. t. [un- bent — unbent.] To slacken ; to remit from strain. Un-bend'ing, p.pr8.\ — a. y unyield- ing; resolute. Un-bent, p. prf.i — a. f not subdued. UNO n6r, n6t- UND -tube, tab, bull— -dll- -pdund — thin, THis. UND prs. Un-bi-as (un-bi'as), v. t. [prs. t. 3, UNBIASES Or UNBIASSES.] To free from any external motive. Un-b^as^ing, j ^Un-Bi'aSS^NG, J P' Un-bi'as-ed, ) 4 *Un-bi'ass-ed, I P'*"/- Un-blush-ing-ly (un-blush'lng- He), ad. Impudently. Un-bod-ied (lin-bod'dld), a. In- corporeal. Un-bo-som (un-b66'zum), v. t. To reveal in confidence; to disclose freely. Un-cer-tain (un-ser'tin), a. Un- settled, doubtful. Un-cer-tain-ty (un-ser'tin x te), n, Want of certainty ; doubt. Un-cer'tain x ties, n. pi. Un-chris-tian (un-krlst'yun), a. Unconverted; infidel; contrary to the laws of Christianity. Un-church (un-tshurtsh'), v. t [prs. t. 3, unchurches.] To expel from a church. *Un-cial (un'shal), a. Noting letters of large size, used in an- cient manuscripts: — n. } a large letter. Un-cle (dng'kl), n. A fathers or mother's brother. Un-clog (un-kl&gO, v. t. To free from clogs ; to disencumber. Ux-clog'ging, p. prs. *Un-clog'ged, p. prf. Un-CLOTHE (un-kloTHe'), v. t. [un- clothed Or UNCLAD UNCLOTHED or unclad.] To make naked. Un-clo'thing, p. prs. Un-com-mon-ness (un-k&m'mun- x nes), n. Infrequency, rareness. Un-con-cern (Mn-k&n-sern'), n. Indifference, want of interest. Un-con-cern-ed ( v un-k&n-sernd'), a. Not anxious, easy. [207-18.] Un-con-di-tion-al ( v un-k6n-dlsh'- un'al), a. Not conditional ; ab- solute. Un-con-scious (un-k6n'shus), a. Not perceiving. [85.] [283-4.] Un-court-ly (un-k6rt'le), ad. Not refined; rustic. Un-couth (un-k6&^'), a. Strange. Un-couth-ly (un-k66^'le), ad. Oddly, strangely. *Un-couth-ness (un-k66^'nes), n. Strangeness, awkwardness. *Unc-tion (ungk'shun), n. The act of anointing, ointment; warmth of piety; that which melts or excites to piety or devotion. *Unc-tu-os-i-ty ( x ungk-tshu-6s'e- He), n. Unctuousness. Unc-tu-ous (ungk'tshuWs), a. Fat, oily. *Unc-tu-ous-ness (ungk'tshuNis- nes), n. Fatness, oiliness. Un-curl (un-kurl'), v. t. To loose from ringlets : — v. i., to fall from ringlets. UN-cuR-RENT(un-kur'rent), a. Not current, not passing in common payment. Un-daunt-ed (un-dant'ed or un dawnt'ed), a. Not subdued by fear, brave. [116-23.] Un-daunt-ed-ly (un-dant'ed'le or un-dawnt'ed'l&), ad. Without fear; bravely. Un-daunt-ed-ness (un-dant'ed- x nes or un-dawnt'ed x nes), n. The state of being without fear. Un-dec-a-gon (un-dek'a v gon), n. A plane figure of eleven angles. Un-de-ceive fun-de-seev'), v. t. To set right; to inform justly. * x Un-de-ceiv'ing, p. prs. Un-de-cil-lion ( v un-de-sil'yun), a. or n. By the French or American method of numeration, a number expressed by a unit in the thirty- seventh place ; by the English method, a unit in the sixty-sev- enth place. Un-deck (un-dek'), v. t. To strip of ornaments. Un-de-fil-ed (Mn-de-fild'),«. Not polluted. [342-4.] Un-de-fi-na-ble (^un-de-fl'na^bl), a. Not to be marked out. [142-31.] Un-de-fin-ed fun-de-find'), a. Not circumscribed ; not limited. Un-de-ni-a-bly ( x dn-de-nl'a v ble), ad. Plainly, certainly, truly. Un-der (un'dur), prp. Beneath ; below : — ad., in a state of sub- jection ; below ; less : — a. com., lower in degree; subordinate: — see UNDERMOST. *Un-der-ac-tion (Vln-der-ak'- shun), n. Subordinate action. *Un-der-a-gent (Wn-diir-a'jent), n. A subordinate agent. Un-der-bid ( x un-diir-bld'), v. t. [underbid or underbade — un- derbidden Or UNDERBID.] To offer less than another. n Un-der-bid'ding, p. prs. Un-der-go ( v un-diir-g6'), v. t. [pr8. t. 3, UNDERGOES.] [UNDER- WENT — undergone.] To suffer ; to sustain ; to endure. [230-23.] *Un-der-grad-u-ate ( x un-dur- grad'u N ate), n. A college student who has not taken his first degree. UN-DER-GR0UND( x un-dur-gr6iind / ), a. Below the surface of the ground. Un-der-growth ( v un-dur-gr6^ / ),n. A growth under trees. Un-der-hand fun-dur-hand'), a. Underhanded. Un-der-hand-ed (Mn-dur-hand'- ed), a. Fraudulent, secret, sly. Un-de-riv-ed fun-de-rlvd'), a. Not derived, not borrowed. [76-18.] Un-der-lay (Nin-dur-la'), v. t. [underlaid or underlayed — UNDERLAID OT UNDERLAYED.] To strengthen by something laid under. Un-der-let ( v un-dur-let'), v. t. [underlet — underlet.] To let or lease below the value ; to lease under another. n Un-der-let'ting, p. prs. Un-der-lie ( x un-dur-ll'), v. i. [un- derlay UNDERLAIN.] To lie beneath. v Un-der-ly'ing, p. prs. 527 UND UND Fate, far, fall, fat — me, mel — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, UNE Un-der-line (^un-dur-llne'),?;. t.To mark with lines below the words. x Un-der-li'ning, p. prs. Un-der-ling (tin'dur^ling), n. An inferior agent; a mean person. Un-der-mine (Nln-dur-mlne'), v. t. To sap; to excavate the earth beneath ; to injure secretly. [150-30.] Un-der-min-er ( x un-dur mln'ur),n. One who undermines. ^Un-der-mi'ning, p. prs. Un-der-most (un'duVmdst), a. sup. Lowest in state or place. J^&** Under and undermost have no positive degree. *Un-der-neath (^n-dur-neeTH'), ad. Below, under: — prp., under. Un-der-pin-ning ( x un-dur-pln'- nlng), n. The stone work on which a building rests. Un-der-plot (un'dur x pl6t), n. A clandestine scheme ; a plot sub- ordinate, *Un-der-rate (un'durVate), n. A price less than is usual. Un-der-rate ^tin-dur-rate'), v. t. To rate too low. n Un-der-ra'ting, p. prs. Un-der-sell (Nin-dur-seT), v. t. [UNDERSOLD — UNDERSOLD.] To sell cheaper than another. Un-der-ser-vant (Nin-dur-seV- vant), n. An inferior servant. Un-der-shot (un'dur x sh6t), a. Moved by water passing under the wheel. TJN-DER-STAND^dn-dur-stand'),^.^ [UNDERSTOOD UNDERSTOOD.] To comprehend fully ; to know : — v. ?., to have understanding. Un-der-stand'ing, p. prs. : — n., Intellectual powers ; sense, skill, knowledge [382-28] : — a., know- ing, skilful. Un-der-stand-ing-ly fdn-dur- stand'ingMe), ad. Skilfully, with knowledge. XJn-der-strap-per (un'dur^strap- pur), n. An inferior agent. 528 Un-der-take fun-dtir-take'), v. t. [undertook — undertaken.] To engage in; to attempt; to enter upon. [384.] ^Un-der-ta'king, p. prs. : — n., en- terprise, engagement. Un-der-ta-ker( x un-dur-ta'kur), n. One who undertakes ; a manager of funerals. Un-der-ten-ant f un-d&r-ten'ant), n. A secondary tenant. v Un-der-took',p*U. of undertake. UN-DER-VAL-U-A-TIONfun-ddrVal- u-a'shun), n. An estimate below the real worth. Un-der-val-ue fun-dur-val'u), v. t. To rate too low; to esteem lightly: — n., a low rate; a price below the worth. r UN-DER-VAL'u V ING, p. prs. N Un-DER-WENT', pst. t. of UNDERGO. Un-der-wood (un'dur x wud), n. The shrubs or small trees that grow among timber. Un-der-work (un'durVurk), n. Subordinate employment. Un-der-work ( v un-dur-wurk'), v. t. To work for less than another; to undermine; to rat. UN-DER-woRK-MAN( x un-dur-wurk' man), n. A subordinate laborer. v Un-der-work'men, n. pi. Un-der-write fun-dur-rite'), v. t. [underwrote — underwritten.] To write under something else; to subscribe for insurance : — v. ?., to practice insurance. n Un-der-wri'ting, p. prs. Un-der-wri-ter (lin'durVl-tur or N un-dur-ri / tur),n.One who insures. *UN-DE-vi-A-TiNG(un-de've^a-tlng) a. Not deviating ; uniform. [220-19.] UN-DID, pst. t. Of UNDO. UN-Dis-CERN-i-BLE( x un-dlz-ze , rn / - e x bl), a. Imperceptible, invisible. n Un-dis-cern'ing, p. prs. : — a., in- judicious, dull. *Un-dis-guis-ed (Mn-dis-glzd'), a. Artless, plain, open. [370-2.] *Un-dis-sem-bled ( x un-dis-seni'- bld), a. Not disguised. [342-13.] Un-dis-sem-bling fun-dls-sein'- bling), a. True, frank. Un-do (un-d66')> v. t. [prs. t. 3, undoes.] [undid — undone.] To ruin; to loose; to unravel; to reverse ; to untie. Un-do'ing, p. prs. : — n., destruc- tion, ruin. Un-do-er (un-d&6'ur), n. One who undoes. Un-doubt-ed (un-d6ut'e*d), a. In- dubitable; not disputed. *Un-doubt-ed-ly (un-ddut'ed^le), ad. Without doubt, indubitably. Un-due (un-duO, a. Not right ; not legal, improper. *Un-du-la-ry (un'du r la-r£), v. t. To deprive of a habitation. Un-hous'ing, p. prs. *U-ni-corn (yu'ne v k6rn), n. A beast that has only one horn ; a bird; a fish. U-ni-form (yu'ne v f5rm), a. Simi- lar to itself, regular, equal, even, consistent [55-26] [182-3] :■ the regimental dress of a soldier. U-ni-form-i-ty ( v yd-ne-f6rrn'e x te), n. Even tenor; resemblance of one to another ; sameness, regu larity. [220-14.] 45 x U-ni-form'i x ties, n. pi. U-ni-form-ly (yfi'ne > f6rm-l^), ad. Without variation. *U-ni-gen-i-ture Oyd-n£-jen'e- Hdre), n. Singleness of birth. *Un-i-mag-in-a-ble fdn-e-maj'in- ^a-bl), a. Not to be imagined; inconceivable. [139.] *Un-im-pair-ed fdn-irn-pard' ), a. Not impaired; not marred; not injured. [281-9.] *UN-iM-PAS-siON-ED( x dn-!m-pasV- dnd), a. Temperate; tranquil; calm. *Un-im-peach-a-ble fdn-im- pe «• Open or opened to view. Un-mean-ing (un-meen'ing), a. Expressing no meaning. Un-meas-ur-ed (un-mezh'urd), a. Not measured, beyond measure. Un-nat-u-ral-ly (un-natsh'uVal- le), ad. In opposition to nature. *Un-nec-es-sa-ry (un-neVseVsa- re), a. Useless, needless. [373-17.] Un-nerve (un-nerv'), v. t. To deprive of nerve; to enfeeble. Un-ner'ving, p. prs. Un-no-ted (un-n6't§d), a. Not noted; not observed; not re- garded. Un-num-ber-ed (un-num'burd), a. Not numbered, innumerable. UN-OB-TRU-siVE^un-Sb-trSd'slv^a. Not obtrusive, modest. Un-of-pend-ing ( v un-6f-fend'ing), a. Harmless, sinless, not giving offense. *UN-0R-GA-Ni-ZED(un-6r'ga A nlzd), a. Not organized ; inorganic. UN-0S-TEN-TA-TI0US-LY(un'6s-ten- ta'shusMe), ad. Without display ; modestly. [360.] *Un-pal-at-a-ble (un-pal'lat'a- bl), a. Nauseous, disgusting. Un-par-al-lel-ed (un-par / arie , ld) a. Not to be matched, unequalled. Un-pop-u-lar (un-p&p'u'lar), a. Not having the public favor; obnoxious. UN-P0P-u-LAR-i-TY(un > p6p-u-lar r - eHe), n. Want of popular favor. *Un-prac-tic-ed (un-prak'tlst), a. Not skilful by use : — improperly written unpractised. Un-pre-tend-ing fun-pre-tend'- Ing), a. Not making pretensions; modest. *Un-priest-ly (un-preest'le), a. Unsuitable to a priest. *Un-prin-ci-pled (un-prin'se^pld), a. Devoid of moral principle. Un-qites-tion-a-ble (un-kweY- tshun x a-bl), a. Indubitable, un- deniable, certain. Un-ques-tion-a-bly (un-kweV- tshun^a-ble), ad. Indubitably. Un-qui-et (uji-kwi'et), a. Rest- less, disturbed, uneasy. *Un-qui-et-ness (un-kwl'eVnes), n. Want of quiet, restlessness. Un-rav-el (un-rav'vl), v. t. To disentangle; to extricate; to explain : — v. i., to become disen- tangled or unfolded. Un-rav'el^ing, ) *Un-rav'el n ling, j &' P rs Un-rav'el-ed, ) /. *Un-rav'ell-ed, j P'P r *' * Un-read-i-ness (un-red'e x nes), n. Want of preparation; want of readiness. UN-READ-Y(un-red / e)a.Not prompt. Un-re-al (un-re'al), a. Unsub- stantial; vain. UNS UNS nSr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6"und — £&i.n, this. UNS *Un-rea-son-a-ble-ness (un-re' zn^a-brnSs), n. Inconsistency with reason ,• exorbitance. Un-re -cord-ed ( N dn-r^-k6rd'^d),a. Not registered or celebrated. [69-1.] Un-re-lent-ing (Nin-rS-lSnt'lng), a. Hard, cruel. UN-RE-MiT-TiNG( > nn-r^-mlt'tlng),CT. Continuing, incessant. Un-re-serve (Nin-r^-zSrve')* n. Frankness, openness. Un-re-serv-ed ( N &n-r£-ze , rvd'), «• Open, frank, candid. *Un-re-serv-ed-ly (Nln-r£-z8rv'- £d v le), ad. Openly, frankly. Un-re-serv-ed-ness (Nin-re-zSrv'- M^ne's), n. Frankness, openness. Un-rev-er-end (un-reVeVe'nd), a. Irreverent, disrespectful. Un-rid-dle (un-rld'dl), v. t. To solve an enigma,* to explain. IT n-rid'dling, p. prs. Un-rig (un-rlg'), v. t. To strip off the tackle. Un-rig'ging, p. prs. Un-rig-ged (un-rlgd'), p* prf. *UN-RIGH-TE-OUS-NESS(un-rl'tsh&- Ms-n^s), n. Injustice* wicked- ness. Un-RI-VAL-ED } rl 1/ tu\ Having no peer or equal * peer- less. [192-4.] Un-roll (tln-r61e'), v. t. To open what is rolled. Un-rol'ling, p. prs. Un-root (un-r66f), v. t. To tear up by the roots. Un-ruf-fled (un-ruf fid), a. Un- disturbed, calm, tranquil. Un-ru-li-ness (un-rdd'le'ne's), n. Turbulence, licentiousness. Un-ru-ly (un-r66'le), a. Turbu- lent, ungovernable, refractory. Un-sad-dle (un-sad'dl), v. t. To take the saddle from. Un-sad'dling, p. prs. Un-safe (un-safe'), a. Hazard- ous, dangerous. Un-safe-ly (un safe'le), ad. Not securely, dangerously. Un-said (&n-s&d'),pst. t.andp.prf. of UNSAY. *Un-sal-a-ble (un-sale'a v bl), a. Unfit for sale. Un-sat-is-fac-tor-y (un^sat-is- fak'turV^), a. Not giving satis- faction. Un-sa-vor-y (un-sa'vurVe), a. In- sipid, tasteless,* disgusting. Un-say (un-sa'), v. t. [unsaid — unsaid.] To recall ,* to recant. Un-sorew (un-skr65')> v. t. To draw the screws from* to un- fasten. Un-scrip-tu-ral (un-skrip'tshu v ral), a. Not defensible by Scripture. UN-scRu-pu-L0us(dn-skr66 / pu > lus) a. Having no scruples; un- principled. Un-search-a-ble (un-se : rtsh'a x bl), a. Not to be explored; mysterious. UN-SEARCH-A-BLE-NESS(un-Se : rtsh' a v bl-n£s), n. Impossibility to be explored. Un-sea-son-ed (un-s&'znd), a. Not seasoned, not inured. Un-seat (un-se^t'), v. t. To throw from a seat. Un-see-ing (un-seelng), a. Want- ing sight. Un-seem-li-ness (un-se&n'leWs), n. Indecency, indecorum. Un-seem-ly (un-se6m'le), a. Not becoming, indecent. Un-sel-fish (un-seTfish), a. Not selfish, disinterested. *Un-ser-vice-a-ble (un-seVvis x a- bl), a. Bringing no advantage ; useless. Un-set-tle (un-se't'tl), v. t. To make uncertain ; to disconcert. Un-set'tling, p. prs. Un-set'tled, p. prf. : — a., turbid ; not determined, not steady. Un-shack-le (un-shak'kl), v. t. To loose from bonds or shackles. *Un-shack'ling, p. prs. Un-sha-ded (un-sha'dM), a. Not shaded, open. Un-sha-ken (un-sha'kn), a. Not shaken, unmoved, firm. Un-sha-pen (un-sha'pn), a. Mis- shapen; ugly. *Un-sheathe (un-sheeTH'), v. t. To draw from the scabbard. Un-sheath'ing, p. prs. Un-ship (un-shlp'), v. t. To take out of a ship. Un-ship'ping, p.prs. Un-ship'ped,£>. prf. Un-shod (un-sh6d'), «. Having no shoes. Un-sight-li-ness (un-site'le'ne's), n. Deformity. Un-sight-ly (un-slte'l£), a. De- formed. *UN-SKIL-FUL ) /X ^^\le*^\ Wanting art or knowledge. *Un-skil-ful-ly j (un-skil'MHe) Un-skill-ful-ly j ad. Awk- wardly. *Un-skil-ful-ness ) (un-skil'Ml- Un-skill-ful-ness j N n^s), it. Want of art or knowledge ; awk- wardness. *Un-so-ci-a-ble (un-s6'she x a-bl or un-s6'sha N bl), a. Reserved; not suited to society. Un-so-ci-a-bly (un-s6'she x a-ble or un-s6'sha v ble), ad. With reserve, not sociably. *Un-so-cial (un-s6'shal), a. Not suitable to society. *"UN-S0-PHIS-TI-CA-TED( V Un-s6-flS- te v ka-t£d), a. Not adulterated ; pure. Un-sound (un-sdund'), a. Sickly; not sound; not orthodox; de- fective. Un-sound-ness (un-sdund'nSs), n. Corruptness, unsound state; in- firmity. Un-speak-a-ble (un-speek'a x bl),a. Unutterable, ineffable. Un-speak-a-bly (un-speek'a x ble), ad. Inexpressibly. 531 UNT UNU Fate, far, fill, fat — m&, m^t — pine, pin — n6, in6ve, UPA Un-spir-it-u-al (un-spir'lt N tshu- al), a. Not spiritual, carnal. Un-spot-ted (un-spSt'tSd), a. Not spotted, pure, immaculate. Un-staid (un-stade'), a. Fickle, not steady. Un-stead-i-ly (un-ste'd'e^le), ad. Inconstantly. #Un-stead-i-ness (un-ste ! d'e N ne : s), n. Want of constancy; irreso- lution. Un-stead-y (un-stSd'de), a. In- constant, mutable. Un-stint-ed (un-stint'e'd), a. Not stinted; not limited. [313-19.] Un-stop (un-st6p ; ), v. t. To free from stop ,• to open. Un-stop'ping, p. prs. Un-stop-ped (un-st6ptf), p. prf.: — a., meeting no resistance. Un-string (un-string'), v. t. [un- strung — unstrung.] To relax any thing strung; to untie; to deprive of strings. *Un-stud-i-ed (un-stud'dld), a. Not studied, easy, natural. Un-sub-stan-tial (Nin-sub-stan'- shal), a. Not solid; not real. [140-3.] *Un-sul-li-ed (un-sul'lld), a. Not fouled, pure, not stained. [258-8.] Un-sung (tin-sung'), a. Not cele- brated in verse ; not sung. *Un-sus-cep-ti-ble fun-sds-seV- te v bl), a. Insensible, unfeeling; hard; incapable of receiving or admitting. *Un-sus-pi-cious (Nin-sus-plsh'- us), a. Having no suspicion or distrust. [282.] Un-tan-gle (un-tang'gl), v. t. To disentangle. Un-tan'gling, p. prs. Un-teach (un-teetsh'), v. t. [un- taught — untaught.] To cause to forget. Un-thank-ful (un-£Aangk'ful), a. Ungrateful. Un-thank-pul-ness (un-^angk'- fuTn&s), n. Ingratitude. 532 Un-think-ing (un-tfMngk'ing), a. Inconsiderate, thoughtless. Un-thrift (un'^Mft), n. A spend thrift: — a., prodigal. Un-thrift-i-ness (un-zMft'e'ne's), n. Want of thrift, waste, prodi- gality, profusion. Un-thrift- y (un-^rift'e), a. Lav ish, prodigal. Un-tie (un-ti'), v. t. To unbind; to set free; to loose: — see tie. *Un-ty-ing (un-tl'lng), p. prs. Un-til (un-til'), ad. To the time that ; to the degree that. Un-time-ly (un-time'le), a. Hap pening before the natural time [132-12] : — ad., before the natu- ral time. Un-to (un-t66')> prp. To. Un-tomb (un-t66m'), v. t. To dis- inter; to take from the grave. *Un-to-ward (un-t&'urd), a. Per- verse, froward. Un-to-ward-ly (un-t6'urdHe), ad. Awkwardly, perversely. Un-tram-mel-ed J (un-tram'- *Un-tram-mel-led J mid), a. Not trammelled ; not confined. Un-tract-a-ble (un-trakt'a v bl), a. Not governable, stubborn. Un-tray-el-ed I (An . irWm) wUn-trav-ell-eb j v " a. Not travelled, not trodden, not passed over. UN-TRu-LY(un-tr66'l£),ad.Falsely. Un-truth (un-trdd^'), n. False- hood: — see falsehood. Un-tu-na-ble (un-tu'na v bl), a. Unharmonious, not tunable. Un-tune (un-tune'), v. t. To put out of tune. Un-tu'ning, p. prs. Un-twine (iln-twine'), v. t. To separate things involved or twined. Un-twi'ning, p. prs. Un-twist (un-twist'), v. t. To sepa- rate things involved or twisted. Un-ut-ter-a-ble (un-ut'tur v a-bl), a. Inexpressible. Un-vail. See unveil. Un-var-nish-ed (un~var'nlsht), a. Not overlaid with varnish; not adorned, simple. *Un-veil (un-vale'), v. t. To dis- close; to show [89-8] : — also written unvail. Un-wa-ry (un-wa're), a. Impru- dent, incautious, precipitate. f Un- weave (un-weeve'), v. t. [un- wove Or UNWEAVED — UNWOVEN or unweaved.] To undo what has been woven ; to unfold. Un-we av'ing, p. prs. Un-wed (un-wSd'), a. Not married. Un-wept (un-wdpt'), a. Not mourned for. *Un-wield-i-ly (un-weeld'^le), ad. Unmanageably; with diffi- culty. Un-wield-i-ness (un-weeld'e^nSs), n. Difficulty to be moved. Un-wield-y (un-weeld'e), a. Un- manageable, bulky, heavy. Un-wind (un-wind'), v. t. [un- wound or unwinded — unwound or unwinded.] To untwist ; to wind off: — v. i. y to admit of evo- lution. Un-wor-thy (un-wur'THe), a. Not deserving; unbecoming; mean, worthless, (ap. p. — of.) Un-wound', pst. t. and p. prf. of unwind. Un-WOVE', p8t. t. Of UNWEAVE. Un-WO'VEN, p. prf. Of UNWEAVE. Un-wreathe (un-reeTHe'), v. t. To untwine. Un-wreath'ing, p. prs. Un-writ-ten (un-rlt'tn), a. Not written, oral, verbal; blank. *Un-wrought (un-rawf), a. Not manufactured or wrought. Up (up), ad. Aloft, on high ; out of bed; above: — prp. y from a lower to a higher part : — a. [up- per — upmost or uppermost], upper, as wpside. U-pas (yu'pas), n. A poisonous tree, found in the East Indies. UPR UPW nor, n&t— tube, tab, bdll — 611- -pMnd — thin, this. URN Up-bear (up-bare'), v. t. [upbore — upborne.] To raise up, to lift. TJp-braid (up-brade'), v. t. To chide; to reproach; to blame, to censure. [270-1.] Up-rraid-ing-ly (up-brade'ing- x le), ad. By way of reproach. Up-cast (up'kast), a. Thrown upward: — n., a throw or cast at bowls. *Up-heav-al (up-heev'al), «. Act of upheaving. Up-heave (tip-h&eve'), v, t. [up- heaved Or UPHOVE — UPHEAVED or uphoven.] To heave up. Up-heav'ing, p. prs. Up-held', pat. t. and p. prf. of UPHOLD. Up-hill (up'hll), a. Difficult ; laborious. Up-hold (up-h&ld'), v. t. [upheld — upheld.] To support; to sustain. Up-hold-er (up-h61d'ur), n. One who upholds, a sustainer. *Up-hols-ter-er (up-h6ls'tur x ur), n. One who furnishes houses, or deals in cushions, beds, "Ce fyu'zanse), n. Use ; usury: interest for money ; time allowed for payment of bills of exchange. Use (yiise), n. Advantage re- Commonness, frequency. U-su-fruct (yu'zu v frdkt or yu'su- v frukt), n. Temporary use or enjoyment of lands. *U-SU-FRUC-TU-A-RY( V yU-ZU-fruk'- tshui-re or "yu-sil-fruk'tshu'i- re), n. One who has temporary use of any thing, without title or property. U-su-rer (yu'zhurur), n. One who practices usury ceived: act of using: employ-i*U-su-Ri-ors (yu-zu're v us), a. ment: convenience,* help- cus- tom, habit, usage ; interest. *U-ses yu'siz , n. pi. Use yuze), i". t. To employ- to accustom; to treat; to consume. *U-ses I'yu'zlzj. pr*. t. 3. *U'SLXG, p. prs. Given to the practice of usury ; unlawful as interest. U-surp (yu-zurp'), v. t. To seize or possess without right. [252.] U-sur-pa-tion fyu-zur-pi'shun), n. Illegal seizure or possession. [105-3.]| Use-ful (yuse'ful), a. Conve- U-surp-er (yu-zurp'ur), n. One nient; profitable; serviceable. 1 who usurps. (ap. p. — for, to.) U-srRP-iNG-LY'(yu-zurp'ing v l^),ao?. Use-ful-ly yuse'fuTle), ad. In a By usurpation. useful manner. U-su-ry (yu'zhuVe), n. Unlawful Use-ful-ness (yuse'furnes), n. interest or profit. Conduciveness to some end. U'su'ries, n. pi. Use-less | yuse'les), a. Answer- U-tex-sil (yu-teVsll), n. An in- ing no purpose; unserviceable; strument for use ; a vessel; a tool. fruitless. U-ter-ixe (yu'turHne), a. Born: Use-less-ly (yuse'leVle), ad. of the same mother. Without profit or advantage. U-TiL-i-TA-Ri-Ax(yu v tll-e-ti're x in), Use-less-xess i yuse'leVnes), n. a. Relating to utilitarianism: — : Unfitness to any end. n., an adherent to utilitarianism. Ush-er (ush'ur), n. One who intro- ^U-til-i-ta-ri-ax-ism (yuHll-e- duces ; an under-teaeher : — r. t., ta're x an-izm), n. The doctrine; to introduce; to forerun; to pre- that utility is the end or purpose cede. [142-22.] [182-8.] of moral virtue. *Us-que-baugh Nis-kwe-biw'), n. U-til-i-ty (yu-tll'le y t&), n. Use- A compounded distilled spirit. fulness, convenience, profit.f *Us-tiox lust'yun), n. The act of Ut-most (ut'm6st), a. Extreme; burning; state of being burnt;; highest: — n., the most that can cauterization. be. [373-7. 534 U-to-pi-a (yu-t6'pe'i), n. An imaginary land inhabited by beings perfect in knowledge and goodness. 70S* The word utopia was coined by Sir Thomas Mure, who died a.d. 1535. It is the title of a work in which ho imagines and analyzes the opinions, polity, and customs of a perfect people. U-to-pi-ax (yu-t6'pe v in), a. Fan- ciful, ideal. U-to-pi-an-ism (yu-t6'pe'in-lzm), n. Visionary principles or con- duct. Ut-ter (ut'tur), a. com. Outward; extreme, utmost: — see out: — r. t., to speak ; to pronounce ; to publish; to declare; to disclose; to tell. Ut-ter-a-ble (ut'tur'i-bl), a. Possible to be expressed. *Ut-ter-axce (ut'tur'inse), n. Pronunciation ; expression ; de- livery. [63-3.]f Ut-ter-er (ut'turiir), n. One who utters. Ut-ter-ly (ut'tur y le), ad. Com- pletely, totally, perfectly, fully. [179-25.] Ut-ter-most (ut'tur x m6st), a. Ex- treme ; most remote : — n., the greatest degree : — see out. U-ve-ous (yu've^us), a. Resem- bling a grape. *U-yu-la (yu'vu'li), n. A coni- cal, fleshy body attached to the posterior part of the palate. U-vu-lar (yu'vu^lar), a. Rela- ting to the uvula. *Ux-o-ri-ous (ug-zd'reNls or uk- s6're'us), a. Submissively fond of a wife. Ux-o-ri-ous-ly (ug-z6're v As-le or Ak-s6're"us-le), ad. With fond or servile submission to a wife. Ux-o-ri-of/s-xess (ug-z6're v us-nes or uk-s6're'us-nes), n. Fond sub- mission to a wife. VAC VAL n6r, nSt — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pdund — thin, THig. VAL V(ve&), n. The twenty-second letter and the sixteenth con- sonant is also a semi-vowel. The name is written Fee, and the plural Vees. It is the abbrevia- tion of vide (see) and verse. As a numeral, it stands for 5, per- haps, as Day conjectures, be- cause its sister letter U is the fifth vowel ; more plausibly, be- cause it represents the angle formed by the thumb and fore- finger in the extended hand. Viz. stands for videlicet (ncwie- ly), and vs. for versus (against). See U. Va-can-cy (va'kan v se), n. Empty space, vacuity, a chasm. Va'can'cies, n. pi. Va-cant (v&'kant), a. Empty; void ; not filled up ; free. Va-cate (va'kate), v t. To make vacant ; to leave ; to annul. Va-ca'ting, p. prs. Va-ca-tion (va-ka ; shun), n. A recess, leisure, intermission. Vac-cin-ate (vak'sln v ate), v. t. To inoculate with vaccine virus. *Vac'ci.\ v a-ti.\g, p. prs. VAC-ciN-A-TiON(Vak-sln-a'shun),n. Act of inoculating with vaccine virus. *Vac-cin-a-tor (Vak-sin-i'tur), n. One who inoculates with vaccine virus. *Vac-cine (vak'slne or v&k'sln), a. Belonging to a cow, or to vac- cination. *Vac-il-lan-cy (vas'sirian-s£), n. A wavering. *Vac-il-late (vas'slTlate), v. i. To waver; to reel. Vac'ii/la-ting, p. prs. Vac-il-la-tion (Vas-11-la'shun), n. A moving to and fro, fluctuation. Va-cu-i-ty (v4-ku'e v t^), n. Want of reality; emptiness. [292-10.] *'Va-cu'ities, n. pi. |*Vac-u-um (vak'uNim), n. Space unoccupied by matter. |Vag-a-bond (vag'a y b6nd), n. A vagrant, a wanderer : — a., want- ing a home, vagrant. |Vag-a-bond-ism (vag'a v b6nd-lzm), n. The practice of a vagabond, vagrancy. *Va-ga-ry (va-ga'r&), n. A wild freak, a whim. [144.] Va-ga'ries, n. pi. Va-gran-cy (va'gran x se), n. A state of wandering. Va-grant (va'grant), n. A vaga- bond : — a., wandering, unsettled. Vague (v&g), a. Wandering, un- fixed, loose, unsettled. Vail (vale), n. A curtain, a cover, a mask: — see veil. Vails, | , f Money given to Vales,} n ' P ' \ servants. Vai\ (vane), a. Fruitless; empty; idle; mean. Vain-glo-ri-ous (vane-gl6're^us), a. Boasting without perform- ances. Vain-glo-ry (vane-gl6're), n. Vain boasting, empty pride. Vain-ly (vane'le), ad. Without effect; arrogantly, foolishly. *Val-ance (val'anse), n. The hanging round the tester of a bed. Vale, n. A valley. VAL-E-Dic-TiON(Yal-£-dik'shun),?j. A farewell, a friendly parting. *Val-e-dic-to-ri-an (Val-e-dik- t6're v &n), n. One who delivers a valedictory. Val-e-dic-tor-y (Val-6-dik'tur- v re), n. A farewell address: — a., bidding farewell. X VAL-E -DIC' TORIES, n. pi. Val-en-tine (val'eVtine), n. A sweetheart chosen, or letter sent, on St. Valentine's day (Feb. 14). Va-le-ri-an t (v&-le're x an), n. A medicinal plant. Vales. See vails. *Val-et (val'et or val-la-'), n. A servant who waits on a man. :iJ VAL-ET-DE-CHA3f-BRE(val / la-d§- y sham-br), n. A personal attend- ant; a footman. Val'ets-de- x Cham-bre, n. pi. Val-e-tu-di-na-ri-an (Val-leYa- de-na're x an), n. A person un- commonly careful of his health : — a., sickly, infirm, feeble. Val-iant (val'yant), a. Brave, stout. Val-iant-ly (val'yant'le), ad. Stoutly, bravely. Val-id (valid), a. Legal ; power- ful; conclusive: just. Va-lid-i-ty (v4-l!d'e x te), ) Val-id-ness (v&l'id'nSs), J Strength ; legal or logical force ; weight; justness. [100-30.] *Va-lise (v&-leese')> >*• A case for clothing; a portmanteau. Val-la-tion (val-la'shiin), n. A rampart. Val-ley (valle), n. A low ground between hills. Val-lum (val'lum), ??. A wall or rampart ; a trench. Val-or (val'ur), n. Courage, per- sonal bravery, intrepidity. Val-or-ous (val'urNis), a. Brave, stout, courageous, intrepid. *Val-or-ous-ly (val'ur'us-le), ad. In a courageous manner. Val-u-a-ble (val'u'a-bl), a. Costly, precious, being of great price. Val-u-a-bles (val'u v a-blz), n. p!. Costly jewelry; precious articles. Val-u-a-tion (Val-u-a'shun), n. Value set upon any thing. * Val-u-a-tor (Val-u-a'tur), n. An appraiser. Val-ue (val'u), n. Price, worth, rate : — v. t., to rate at a certain price; to appraise; to esteem. (ap.p. — on, upon.) ValVing,^. prs. Val-ue-less (value's), a. With- out worth. Valve (valv), n. A folding-door ; a lid that opens but one way ; a division of certain shells. 535 VAP VAR Fate, far, f&ll, fat— me, m£t— pine, pln- -nb, m&ve, VAU Valv-u-lar (valv'u'lar), a. Re- lating to a valve ; containing one or more valves. Vamp, n. The upper leather of a shoe : — v. t., to piece old things. Vam-pire (vam'plre), n. A large bat; an imaginary demon. Van, n. The front of an army ; a fan; a large wagon. [73-21.] Va-na-di-um (v£-na'de v iim), n. A white, brittle metal. **Van-cou-ri-er (van-k66're r ur or van-k66'reer), n. A light-armed soldier; a precursor. *Van-dal-ism (van'daPlzm), n. Barbarity, cruelty; hostility to arts and learning. Vane, n. A plate to turn with the wind, a weathercock. *Van-guard (van-gard'), n. The front of an army, the van. *Va-nil-la (va-nlFla), n. A plant with an aromatic fruit. Van-ish (vanish), v. i. [prs. t. 3, vanishes.] To disappear; to pass away. Van-i-ty (van'eHe), n. Empti- ness ; petty pride ; vain pursuit; arrogance; idls show. [91-18.] [217-2.] VanVties, n. pi. Van-quish (vang'kwlsh), v. t. [prs. t. 3, vanquishes.] To conquer, to subdue. [52.] • Van-quish-a-ble (vang'kwlsh^a- bl), a. Conquerable. Van-tage (van'tije), n. Vantage- ground. *Van-tage-(*round (van'tijc- r gr6und), n. Superiority of situ- ation or state. *Vap-id (vapid), a. Spiritless, dead, flat. [136-38.] Va-pid-i-ty (va-pid'e N te), ) Vap-id-ness (vapldWs), J n ' The state of being vapid. Va-por (va'pur), n. Any thing exhalable ; fume ; spleen ; un real fancy : — v. i. t to pass in a vapor ; to brag ; to bully. 536 Va'pors, n. pi. Hysteric fits ; whims ; spleen ; hypochondria. *Vap-o-ra-ble (vap'6Va-bl), a. Convertible into vapor. Vap-o-ra-tion (Vap-o-ra'shun), n. Act of passing off into vapor. VA-POR-ER(va'pur x ur),«. A boaster. Va-por-ing-ly (va'purlng-le), ad. In a boasting manner. *Va-por-ish (va'puVlsh), a. Splenetic, humorsome. Va-por-i-za-tion (Va-pur-e-za'- shun), n. Act of converting into vapor. Va-por-ize (va'puVlze), v. L To convert into vapor. Va'porVzing, p. prs. Va-por-ous (va'purNls), | Va-por-y (va'pur v re), J °" Full of vapors, vaporish. *Va-ri-a-ble (va'r^a-bl), a. In- constant, changeable; a quantity that changes in value. Va-ri-a-bil-i-ty (Va-re-a-bll'le- He), n. Variableness. Va-ri-a-ble-ness (va're'a-bPn^s), n. Changeableness, inconstancy. Va-ri-a-bly (va're x a-ble), ad. In- constantly, changeably. *Va-ri-ance (va'ri v anse), n. Dis- cord, disagreement, dissension. Va-ri-a-tion (Va-re-a'shun), n. Change, mutation, turn; devia- tion from true north or south. *VAR-i-cosE(var'e v k6se)a.Swelled, dilated, as veins. Va-ri-e-gate (va're v e>gate), v. t. To diversify; to vary; to streak; to dapple. [80-25.] #Va'ri v e-ga-ting, p. prs. *Va-ri-e-ga-tion (Va-re-^-ga'- shun), n. Diversity of colors. Va-ri-e-ty (va-rl'e v t£), n. Differ- ence, diversity, change. [66-34.] *Va-ri'e n ties, n. pi. *Var-i-o-loid (var'e v 6-16id or va'- re x 6-16id), n. A modified small- pox. *Va-ri-o-lous (va-rlWlus), a. Per- taining to the small-pox. Va-ri-ous (va're'us), a. Different, changeable. Va-ri-ous -ly (va're x us-l£), ad. In different ways. Var-let (var'l^t), n. A scound- rel. [213.] Var-nish (var'nlsh), n. A shining liquid ; a cover : — v. t., to cover ; to palliate ; to set a gloss on. Var'nish^es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Va-ry (va're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, va- ries.] To change, to diversify; to variegate : — v.i.,to differ slight- ly ; to be changed ; to disagree. *Va-ri-ed (va'rld), p. prf. VAS-cu-LAR(vas / ku x lar),a.Relating to the vessels of organic bodies. Vase (vase or vaze), n. A vessel, rather for ornament than use. Vas-sal (vas'sal), n. A subject; a dependant, a slave. [16-24.] *Vas-sal-age (vas'sarije), n. The state of a vassal ; bondage, sub- jection. [129-8.] Vast, a. Enormous, huge, large, great: — n., an empty waste. Vas-ta-tion (vas-ta'shun), n. Act of laying waste. Vast-ly (vast'le), ad. Greatly. Vast-ness (vast'nes), n. Immen- sity. [290-15.] Vast-y (vast'e), a. Of vast extent. Vat, n. A large cistern. Vat-i-can (vat'e'kan), n. The palace of the Pope of Rome. *Vat-i-cide (vat'e'slde), n. The murder of a priest or prophet. Va-tic-i-nal (va-tis'se^nal), n. Containing prophecy. *Va-tic-i-na-tion (vaHis-se-na'- shun), n. Prophecy. Vault (vawlt), n. A continued arch ; a cellar ; cave ; grave ; a leap [35-24] : — v. t., to arch : — v. i. r to leap. Vaunt (vawnt or vant), v. i. To boast; to brag: — v. t. f to boast of: — «., brag, boast. Vaunt-ing-ly (vawnt'ing'le or vantlngHe), ad. Boastingly. VEL nor, n&t- VEtf -tube, tib, bull— dil- -pdund — thin, THis. YEN Veal (veel), n. The flesh of a calf. Ve-da (ve'da), n. The Hindoo Scriptures. *Ve-dette (ve-d£t'), w. A mount- ed sentinel. Veer, v. i. or v. t. To turn about; to change. Veg-e-ta-ble (vej'eHa-bl), n. Any thing that has growth without sensation, as plants : — a., belong- ing to a plant. Veg-e-tate (vej'e x tate), v. i. To grow, as plants. Veg'e'ta-ting, p. prs. Veg-e-ta-tion (Vej-e>ta'shun), n. The power of growth without sensation ; plants in general. [27-3.] Veg-e-ta-tive (vej'eHa-tiv), a. Growing without life. *Ve-he-mence (ve'he v mense), w. Violence ; force ; ardor, passion, impetuosity. [103-11.] [371-10.] Ve-he-ment (ve'he y ment), a. Vio- lent, forcible; eager; furious. [245-21.] VE-HE-MENT-LY(ve'he v m§nt-l^),ad Violently, forcibly. *Ve-hi-cle (ve'he'kl), n. A car- riage ; a medium. *Ve-hic-u-lar (ve-hik't^lar), a. Belonging to a vehicle. *Veil (vale), n. A cover for con- cealing the face; a disguise: — v. t. f to cover with a veil; to conceal. [135.] *Vein (vane), n. A tube in the flesh through which the blood flows to the heart from the arte- ries ; course of minerals in mines, as iron and coal ; turn of mind ; strain; streak: — v. t., to mark with veins. Vein-ed (vand), a. Full of veins ; variegated. *Vein-y (va'ne), a. Full of veins. VEL-Li-cA-TiON(V^l-le-ka'shun),n. A twitching, a convulsive mo- tion, stimulation. Vel-lum (veTlum), n. The skin of a calf dressed for writing on ; a fine parchment. *Ve-loc-i-pede (ve-lSs'se^peed), n. A small carriage moved by the rider's feet. *Ve-loc-i-ty (ve-lSs'se v te), n. Speed, swiftness; rate of speed. Vel-vet (vel'vit), n. Silk with a short fur upon it : — a., made of velvet; soft. Vel-ve-teen (Vel-ve-teen'), n. A stuff like velvet. Vel-vet-y (vel'veTe), a. Like velvet, soft. *Ve-nal (ve'nal), a. Obtainable for money; hireling, mercenary; relating to veins. [257-24.] Ve-nal-i-ty (ve-naFle^te), n. Pros- titution of talents for money. [258-14.] * Ven-a-ry (ventre), a. Relating to hunting. Vend, v. t. To sell ; to offer for sale. *Ven-dee (ve'n-dee'), n. One to whom any thing is sold. *Vend-i-bil-i-ty (Vend-e-bil'le- He), n. Quality of being salable. Vend-i-ble (vend'e x bl), a. Possible to be sold. VEND-i-BLE-NESs(vend'e > bl-ne's),rc. Vendibility. *Ven-di-tion (v§n-dish'un), n. The act of selling, sale. Ven-due (ven-d66'), n. A public sale to the highest bidder. *Ve-neer (ve-neer'), v. t. To over- lay with a thin layer of wood: — n. y a thin layer of wood. Ven-er-a-ble (ven'eVa-bl), a. Regarded with awe ; worthy of reverence. [25.] [173-16.] Ven-er-a-bly (ven'eVa-ble), ad. With veneration. Ven-er-ate (ven'eVate), v. t. To reverence ; to revere. Ven'er^a-ting, p. prs. Ven-er-a-tion (Ven-er-a'shtin), n. Reverent regard; respect min- gled with awe. [360-19.] *Ven-er-a-tor (veVeVa-tur), n. One who shows reverence. *Ve-ne-sec-tion (Ve-ne-sek'shua or Ven-e-s£k'shun), n. The act of drawing blood from veins. *Ven-geance (ven'janse), n. Re- venge, punishment ; penal retri- bution. [370-16.] [60-30.] Venge-ful (venje'ful), a. Vindic- tive, revengeful. Ve-ni-al (ve'ne x al), a. Pardonable, excusable, allowed. Ve-ni-al-ness (ve'ne^al-ne's), n. State of being excusable. Ve-ni-re (ve-ni're), n. A writ summoning a person or jury. Veni-son (ven'zn or veVe N zn), n. The flesh of deer, game. Ven-om (veVum), n. Poison pro- duced by a special animal organ ; spite, malice : — see virus. *Ven-om-ous (ven'tim^us), a. Ma- lignant, poisonous. Ven-om-ous-ly (ven'um x us-le), ad. Poisonously. *Ve-nous (ve'nus), a. Pertaining to the veins. Vent, n. A hole; passage; sale; publicity; emission [123-9][262]: — v. t. y to let out; to publish; to utter. [340-3.] *Ven-ti-duct (veVte^dukt), n. A passage for wind or air. Ven-ti-late (ven'te v late), v. t. To purify or to fan with air. Ven'ti^la-ting, p. prs. *Ven-ti-la-tion (Ven-te-la'shun), n. The act of ventilating. *Ven-ti-la-tor (ven'te v la-tur), n. An instrument to supply air. Ven-tral (veVtral), a. Belong- ing to the belly. Ven-tri-cle (ven'tre x kl, n. One of the two discharging chambers of the heart ; one of five cavities in the brain; a small cavity in an animal. 537 VER Fate, far, fall, f^t- VER -me, m6t — pine, pln- -n&, move, VER *Ven-tril-o-quism (vSn-tril'6- x kwizm), n. The art of speak- ing inwardly, so that the voice appears to come from within or away from the speaker. VEN-TRiL-o-QUiST(ven-tril / 6^kwlst) n. One who practices ven- triloquism. *Ven-tril-o-quous (ven-tril'6- x kwus), a. Pertaining to ven- triloquism. *Ven-tril-o-quy (v£n-tril'6 x kw£), n. Ventriloquism. Ven-ture (ven'tshur), n. A risk- ing ; a hazard : — v. i. or v. t., to dare; to run hazard; to risk. [64-14.] [314-15.] Ven'TU^RING, p. prs. Ven-tu-rous (ven'tshuVus), *Ven-ture-some (ven'tshur'sum), a. Daring, adventurous. Ven-tur-ous-ly (veVtshur x us-le), ad. Daringly, boldly. *Ven-ue (ven'yu), n. A neigh- borhood. *Ve-nus (ve'nus), n. InMythology, the goddess of love ; a planet. *Ve-ra-cious (ve-ra'shus), a. Ob- servant of truth. Ve-rac-i-ty (ve-ras's&He), n. Moral truth, honesty of report, f Ve-ran-da (ve-ran'da), n. An open portico. Ve-rat-rum (v&-rat'rum), n. White hellebore. Verb, n. A part of speech signi- fying to be, to act, or to be acted upon. *Ver-bal (ver'bal), a. Pertaining to verbs ; spoken, oral. [266-12.] Ver-bal-ly (veVban&), ad. In words. *Ver-ba-tim (ver-ba'tim), ad. Word for word. Ver-ber-a-tion (Ver-bSr-a'shun), n. Infliction of blows, beating. *Ver-bi-age (veVbelje), n. A profusion of words. Ver-bose (ver-b6se')> a. Prolix, tedious. 538 Ver-bos-i-ty (veVb&s'eHe), n. Ex- uberance of words, verbiage. Ver-dan-cy (veVdan N se), n. Fool- ishness, greenness. Ver-dant (veVdant), a. Green; flourishing ; easily deceived. *Verd-an-tique (Verd-an-teek'), n. A green incrustation upon ancient copper coins. Ver-der-er (ver'der v dr), n. An officer of a forest. Ver-mct (veYdlkt), n. A deter- mination of a jury; decision. *Ver-di-gris (ver'aVgrees), n. The rust of brass or copper. *Ver-di-ter (ver'de^tur), n. A green or blue pigment. Verd-ure (verd'yur), n. Green color, greenness. Verd-ur-ous (verd'ydr x us), a. Green, fresh. Verge (verje), n. A rod; the brink, the edge [35-20] : — v. L, to tend, to incline ; to approach. Ver'ging, p. prs. Ver-ger (veVjtir), n. An attend- ant in a church. Ver-i-pi-a-ble (Ver-e-fl'a^bl), a. Admitting of verification. Ver-i-fi-ca-tion (Ver-e-fe-ka'- shun), n. Act of proving true; that which verifies ; proof. Ver-i-fi-er (ver'e x fl-fir), n. One who verifies. Ver-i-fy (ver'e^fl), v. t. [prs. t. 3, verifies.] To justify ; to con firm ; to prove true ; to establish. #VerVfi-ed, p. prf. Ver-i-ly (ver'e'le), ad. In truth, certainly, really. Ver-i-sim-i-lar (Ver-e-slm'e'lar), a. Apparently true. Ver-i-ta-ble (ver'e x ta-bl), a. True, agreeable to fact. Ver-i-ta-bly (ver'e v ta-ble), ad. Truly. Ver-i-ty (verTte), n. Truth, reality. *Ver- juice (veVjus), n. Acid liquor of crab-apples. *Ver-mi-cel-li (VSr-me-cbeTe or Ver-rne-sel'le), n. Paste formed into worm-like rolls. Ver-mic-u-lar (ver-mlk'u^lar), a. Acting like a worm. Ver-mi-cule (veVme'kule), n. A little worm. Ver-mic-u-lous (ver-mik'u N lus), a. Resembling, or full of, worms. ~~ Ver-mi-form (ver'me v f6rm), a. Having the form of a worm. Ver-mi-fuge (ver'me^fuje), n. A medicine that expels worms. *Ver-mil-ion (ver-mll'yun), n. A beautiful red color; a sulphuret of mercury. Ver-min (veVmin), n. Any small noxious animal. Ver-mi-na-tion (Ver-me-na'shun), n. The breeding of vermin. *Ver-min-ous (ver'mln^us), a. Breeding vermin. Ver-nac-u-lar (ver-nak'u^lar), a. Native ; belonging by birth. VER-NAc-u-LAR-isir(ver-nak / u x lar- Izm), n. A vernacular idiom. Ver-nal (ver'nal), a. Belonging to the spring. [90.] Ver-sa-tile (ver'saMl), a. Turn- ing round, variable, unsteady. Ver-sa-tile-ness (ver'sa x tll-nes), ^VER-SA-TiL-i-TY(Ver-sa-tll'le'te), n. The quality of being versa- tile; changeableness. Verse, n. Metrical language ; a line of poetry ; a paragraph ; poetry. f Vers-ed (verst),«. Skilled. [227-1.] *VER-si-Fi-CA-TiON(Ver-se-fe-ka / - shun), n. The act of making verses; metrical arrangement. f *Ver-si-fi-er (ver'se x fl-ur), n. A maker of verses. Ver-si-fy (veVse'fl), v. i. or v. t, [prs. t. 3, versifies.] To make verses, to rhyme. *Ver'si x fi-ed, p. prf. Ver-sion (ver'shun), n. Change f translation ; act of translating.! *Verst, n. A Russian measure of length. VES VET ndr, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — pSund — th\n, THis. VIC jr. )j 1 ,), \ «. spinai uuiuuiu. er'te^bers, ~\ Ver'te^br^i, >n.pl. er'te x bres, J Ver-sus (veVsus), prp. Against. *Ver-sute (veVsute), a. Crafty. Vert, n. Every thing that bears a green leaf; green color. Ver-te-ber (veYte N bur), *Ver-te-bra (veVte^bra), Ver-te-bre (ver'te x bdr). One of the bones which form the spinal column. Ver'te x bers, *V Ver' Ver-te-bral (veYte x bral), a. Re- lating to the joints of the spine. Ver-te-brate (veVte v brate), n. An animal having vertebrae. Ver'te^brates, ) , v Ver-te-bra'ta, J 1U P ' Ver-tex (veVteks), n. The point overhead ; the zenith ; the crown of the head ; the top ; the high- est point or angle. *Ver-ti-ces (ver'te x s£ez), n. pi. *Ver-ti-cal (veVte'kal), a. Per- pendicular to the horizon, placed in the zenith. Ver-ti-cal-ly (ver'te^kal-le), ad. In a vertical manner. Ver-tic-i-ty (ver-tis'se v te), n. The power of turning. *Ver-tig-in-ous (ver-tlj'ln x us), a. Turning round, giddy. Ver-tig-in-oits-ness (ver-tlj'in'us- nes), n. Giddiness. Ver-ti-go (ver'te v g6, ver-tl'g&, or veVte'gd), n. A giddiness. Ver-tig-i-nes (ver-tlj'e v neez), n.pl. Ver-y (veVe), a. True, real: — ad., in a great degree. Ves-i-cate (veVe^kate), v. t. To blister ; to raise in blisters. Ves'i n ca-ting, p. prs. Ves-i-ca-tion (Ves-e-ka'shun), n. The act or process of blistering. *Ve-sic-a-tor-y (ve-sik'aHur-rl), n. A blistering plaster. Ves-i-cle (veVe N kl), n. A small blister ,• a little air-bladder. Ve-sic-u-lar (ve-slk'u x lar), consisting of vesicles. Ves-per (veVpur), n. The evening star: — a., evening. [85-21.] Ves-pers (veYpurz), n. pi. The evening service of the Roman Catholic Church. *Ves-per-tine (veVpur^tlne), a. Pertaining to the evening. Ves-sel (veYsl), n. Any thing in which liquids are put ; a ship. Vest, n. An outer garment: — v. t., to deck ; to dress ; to place in possession; to clothe: — v. i., to pertain to lawfully, (ap. p. — in a person, with a thing.) Ves-tal (ves'tal), n. A pure vir- gin : — a., chaste ; pure. Vest-ed (vest'ed), a. Fixed, estab- lished by law. *Ves-ti-a-ry (veVte v a-r&), n. A wardrobe. Ves'ti x a-ries, n. pi. *Ves-ti-bule (ves'te^bule), w. The entrance of a house; passage. *Ves-tige (ves'tlje), n. Footstep, mark, trace, remains. [36-11.] Vest-ing (vesting), n. Cloth for vests. Vest-ment (vest'me'nt), n. Gar- ment. Ves-try (veVtre), n. A room ap- pended to a church ; a parochial assembly. Ves 'tries, n. pi. Ves-ture (veVtshur), n. Gar- ment,robe,apparel,dress. [81-21.] *Vetch (vetsh), n. A plant. Vetch'es, n. pi. Vet-er-an (vel/eVan), n. An old soldier ; a man long practiced : — a., long practiced. [69-15.] *Vet-er-i-na-ri-an (Vet-er-e-na'- re N an), n. One skilled in diseases of cattle. *Vet-er-i-na-ry (ve^r-e^na-re), a. Relating to the art of heal- ing diseases of cattle. Ve-to (ve'td), n. A prohibition : — v. t., to prohibit; to annul: — a., prohibiting. *Ve'toes, n.pl. and prs. t. 3, Vex (veks), v. t. [prs. t. 3, vex- es.] To plague; to torment ; to disquiet; to tease. [139-6.] VEX-A-TiON(veks-a'shun), n. The act of troubling, chagrin, trouble. Vex-a-tious (veks-a'shus), a. Troublesome, teasing. f *Vex-a-tious-ly (veks-a/shus'le), ad. In a vexatious manner. Vex-a-tious-ness (veks-a'shus- ^nes), n. Uneasiness ; trouble. Vex-ing-ly (vekslngHe), ad. In a vexing manner. Vi-A (vl'a), prp. By the way of. *Vi-a-ble (vi'a^bl), a. Capable of living. Vi-a-duct (vl'aMilkt), n. A bridge for a railroad or for a carriage- way. Vi-al (vl'ul), n. A small bottle ; a phial. Vi-and (vl'and), n. Food, meat dressed. Vi-at-ic (vl-atlk), a. Relating to a journey. *Vi-at-i-cum (vl-at'e^kum), n. Provisions for a journey; the sacrament given to a dying person. Vi-brate (vl'brate), v. i. or v. t. To move to and fro ; to quiver ; to oscillate. ^Vi'braVing, p. prs. Vi-bra-tion (vl-bra'shun), n. A moving with quick return ; os- cillation. Vi-bra-tile (vl'bra'tll), ^ Vi-bra-tive (vl'bra v tiv), > a. Vi-bra-tor-y (vi'bra x tur-re). J Vibrating. *Vic-ar (vik'ur), n. The incum- bent of an impropriated benefice ; a substitute or deputy. Vic-ar-age (vik'ur'lje), n. The benefice of a vicar. Vi-ca-ri-al (vl-ka're'al), a. Be- longing to a vicar. *Vi-ca-ri-ate (vi-ka're'it). a. Vi- carious: — n., delegated ofiice or power. 539 VIC Fate, far, fall, fS,t- VIC -m&, me't — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, VIL *Vi-ca-ri-ous (vl-ka'reMs), a. Deputed, delegated, substituted. *Vi-ca-ri-ous-ly (vl-ka're x us-16), ad. By substitution ; in the place of another. Vice (vise), n. A fault, a blemish, depravity, wickedness ; a kind of griping press, gripe: — a prefix used to denote an officer ap- pointed to fill a place when left vacant by another, or to denote an officer of second rank: — see crime, and vise. Vice-Ad-mi-ral (vlse-ad'm&Val), n. The second commander of a fleet. *Vice-Ad-mi-ral-ty (vlse-ad'm£- Val-t£), n. The office of a vice- admiral. Vice-Ad'mi x ral-ties, n. pi. *VicE-CHAN-CEL-LOR(vlse-tshan'- seTlur), n. The second judge in, a chancery court; the second magistrate in an English uni- versity. Vice-Chan-cel-lor-ship (vlse- tshan'sel-lur v shlp), n. The office of a vice-chancellor. Vice-Con-sul (vlse-kSn'sul), n. One acting in the place of a consul. *Vice-ge-ren-cy (vise-j&'r3n\3£), n. The office of a vicegerent. Vice-ge'ren x cies, w. pi. Vice-ge-rent (vlse-jl're'nt), n. A lieutenant, one who is intrusted with the power of a superior : — a., having delegated power. Vice-Pres-i-dent (vlse-preY£- v d^nt), n. An officer ranking next to the president. *Vice-re-gal (vlse-r&'gal), a. Relating to a viceroy. Vice-roy (vlse'r66), n. One who governs in place of a king and with regal authority. [247-13.] Vice-roy-al-ty (vlse-rdfrartft), ) Vice-roy-ship (vlse'rde^shlp), J ji. The office or jurisdiction of a viceroy. 540 Vi-cin-i-ty (ve-sin'^tej, n. Near- ness, neighborhood. [67-11.] Vic-in-age (vls'lnlje), n. Neigh- borhood, vicinity. *Vic-i-nal (vls'se x nal), a. Near, neighboring. Vi-cious (vish'us), a. Devoted to vice ; wicked, corrupt, mischie- vous. [123-36.] [257-20.] Vi-cious-ly (vlsh'usMe), ad. Cor- ruptly, wickedly, immorally. *Vi-cious-ness (vlsh'us v n^s), n. State of being vicious; wicked- ness. *Vi-cis-si-tude (v£-sis'se y tude), n. Change; revolution. [131-13.] Vic-tim (vlk'tim), n. A sacrifice ; a thing sacrificed or destroyed. [68-38.] [261-21.] Vic-tim-ize (vlk'tlmlze), v. U To make a victim of. Vic'timVzing, p. prs. * Vic-tor (vlk'ttir), n. A conquer- or; one who gains a victory. *Vic-tor-ess (vlk'tur^s), n. A female who conquers. Vic'tor x ess-es, n. pi. Vic-to-rine (Vlk-t6-reen'), n. A fur tippet. Vic-to-ri-ous (vik-t6're N us), a. Conquering, triumphant. Vic-to-ri-ous-ly (vik-td're x us-l£), ad. With conquest, triumphantly. Vic-to-ri-ous-ness (vlk-t6're v ds- ne's), n. The state of being vic- torious. Vic-tor-y (vlk'turVe), n. The de- feat of an antagonist ; triumph, conquest. Vic'tor x ies, n. pi. Vic-tress. See victoress. *Vict-ual (vlt'tl), v. t. To store with provision. Victualling, ) * Victualling, ) P' P r8 ' Vict'ual-ed, \ ~ *Vict'uall-ed, [P'PV- Vict-ual-er ) , j,,,^,? v One who provides victuals. Vict-uals (vlt'tlz), n. pi. Meat, provision of food. *Vi-del-i-cet (ve-deWsSt), ad. To wit ; namely : — generally abbre- viated to viz. Vie (vl), v. i. To contest; to con- tend, (ap. p. — with.) *Vy'ing, p. prs. View (vu), v. t. To survey; to see; to examine with the eye: — n., prospect, sight ; survey, show. View-less (vu'le's), a. Not to be seen. *Vig-il (vlj'il), n. A fast kept before a holiday ; evening devo- tion ; forbearance of sleep; watch. Vig-il-ance (vljiranse), n. At- tention; caution; watchfulness, [135-19.] [239-26.] *Vig-il-ant (vij11 v ant), a. Watch- ful, diligent, attentive. *Vig-il-ant-ly (vijirant-te), ad. Watchfully, attentively. *Vign-ette (vln-ye't' or vln'ySt), n. A picture or wreath of leaves and flowers ; an ornament on the title-page of a book, on a bank- note, 'SOS, j n 'P L Vir-tu-ous (ver'tshMs), a. Mor- ally good; upright; chaste. Vir-tu-ous-ly (ver'tshu. v us-l£), ad. In a virtuous manner. Vir-tu-ous-ness (ver'tshuNis-ne's), n. State of being virtuous. Vir-tt-lence (vir'u v lense), n. Ma- lignity, rancor, venom. *Vir-u-lent (virulent), a. Ven- omous; malignant. [203-14.] Vir-tt-lent-ly (vlr'Ment-le), ad. Malignantly, rancorously. Vi-rus (vt'rus), n. Poison pro- duced by disease in animals : — see venom. Vis, n. The quality of force ; force ; plastic force. Vis-age (viz'lje), n. Face; look; countenance. [73.] *Vis-a-vis (vlz'aVee), n. A car- riage in which persons sit face to face. #Vis-CE-RA (vls'seVa), n. pi. The organs contained in the chest or abdomen : — see viscus. Vis-cer-al (vis'sur^al), a. Rela- ting to the viscera. * Vis-cid (vls'sld), a. Glutinous ; tenacious, adhesive, viscous. *Vi-scid-i-ty (ve-sld'eHe), ) Vis-cos-i-ty (vfs-k6s'eHe), j n * Glutinousness, tenacity. Vis-count (vl'k6unt), n. A no- bleman next in degree to an earl. 542 *Vis-count-ess (vi'kMntls), n. The wife of a viscount. Vis'count^ess-es, n. pi. *Vis-cous (vis'kus), a. Glutinous, tenacious, adhesive, viscid. *Vis-cus (vis'kus), n. [pi. vis- cera.] An internal organ of the chest or abdomen. VIse, n. A griping press: — see VICE. Vish-nu (vish'nu), n. A Hindoo deity. Vis-i-bil-i-ty (Viz-e-bil'leHe), n. The state of being perceptible. Vis-i-ble (vlz'e^bl), a. Apparent, open. [57-12.] [248-26.] Vis-i-ble-ness (viz'e x bl-n^s), n. The quality of being visible. Vis-i-bly (viz'e N ble), ad. Ap- parently. Vis-ion (vlzh'un), n. Sight ; a su- pernatural appearance ; a dream ; the act or faculty of seeing. [80-3.] [169-13.] Vis-ion-a-ry (vizh'un N a-re), a. Affected by phantoms ; fanciful, imaginary. [333-25.] Vis-it (vlz'lt), v. t. To go to see ; to come to ; to attend : — v. %., to continue to interchange calls : — 7i., the act of going to see an- other; act of attending on; a call. Vis-it-a-ble (vlzlt N a-bl), a. Pos- sible to be visited. *Vis-i-tant (viz'e v tant), n. One who visits. Vis-i-ta-tion (VIz-e-ta'shun), n. The act of visiting; a judicial visit; any judgment. [37-32.] Vis-it-er ) (viz'ltMr), n. One who *Vis-it-or J visits; a judge. *Vis-or (vlz'ur), n. A mask, dis- guise ; a part of a helmet : — also written vizor and vizard. Vis-ta (vls'ta), n. View, pros- pect through an avenue. [232-12.] Vis-u-al (vlzh'u x al), a. Used in, or relating to, sight. Vi-tal (vl'tal), a. Necessary to life, essential. [334-27.] Vi-tal-i-ty (vl-tal'leHe), n. Prin- ciple or tenacity of life. Vi-tal-ize (vl'taTlze), v. t. To endow with life. Vi'talVzing, p. pr8. Vi-tal-ly (vi'tal v le), ad. In a manner to give life ; essentially. Vi-tals (vl'talz), n. pi. Parts es- sential to life. Vi-ti-ate (vlsh'e'ate), v. t. To spoil; to deprave; to corrupt, f Vi-ti-a-ting (vlsh'e'a-ting), p. prs. #Vi-ti-a-tion (Vlsh-e-a'shun), n. Depravation, corruption. Vi-ti-os-i-ty (Vish-e-6s'e N te), n. Depravity, corruption. « Vit-re-ous (vlt're v us), a. Glassy. *Vi-tres-cent (vl-treVse'nt), a. Vitrifying ; changing into glass. Vit-ri-fac-tion (Vlt-re-fak'shun), n. Act of changing into glass. Vit-ri-fi-a-ble (vlt're v fl-a^bl), a. Admitting of being vitrified. Vit-ri-fi-ca-tion (Vlt-re-fl-ka'- shun), n. Vitrifaction. *Vit-ri-form (vlt'reYdrm), a. Having the form of glass. Vit-ri-fy (vlt're x fl), v. t. or v. i. [prs. t. 3, vitrifies.] To change into glass. [54-30.] Vit'ri v fi-ed, p. prf. *Vit-ri-ol (vltWul), n. A solu- ble sulphate of any metal; sul- phuric acid. 70t* Sulphate of copper is called blue vitriol, sulphate of iron green vitriol, sulphate of zinc white vitriol, which are also known by the names blue, green, and white coppei~as ; but the term copperas is most fre- quently employed to designate the sulphate of iron. Vit-ri-o-late (vltWo-late), | Vit-ri-o-lize (vlt'reNUlze), J v ' ' To convert into vitriol. Vit'ri n o-laVing, ) Vit'riVli^zing, \ P'P r8 ' Vit-ri-ol-ic (Vlt-re-61'lk), a. Con- taining vitriol or pertaining to it*. VIZ VOI nor, n6t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p5und—fJUn, this. VOL Vit-u-linb (vlt'u x llne), a. Rela- ting to a calf. Vi-tu-per-ate (vi-tu'peVate), v. t. To blame; to vilify; to denun ciate. Vl-TU'PER^A-TING, p. prs. Vi-tu-per-a-tion (vrtu-per-a' shun), n. Blame, vilification. Vi-tu-per-a-tive (vl-tu'peVa-tlv), a. Containing censure. Vi-va-cious (ve-va'shus), a. Ac- tive, lively, sprightly. Vi-vac-i-ty (vl-vas'se x te or vh vas'seH^), n. Liveliness, spright- liness, spirit. [283-9.] Vi-va-ry (vl'va x r6), n. A place for keeping living animals; a warren. Vi'va v ries, n. pi. Viv-id (viv'ld), a. Lively, quick, active; striking. [301-3.] Viy-id-ly (vlv'ld'le), ad. With life, spirit, or brightness. Viv-id-ness (viv'ld v nes), n. Life, brightness, quickness, vigor. Vi-vif-ic (vi-vlf ik), ) Vi-vif-i-cal (vi-vlf e'kal), j a ' Giving life, animating. *Vi-vif-i-cate (vi-vif e^kate), v. t. To give life to. Vi-vifVca-ting, p. prs. Viv-i-fi-ca-tion (Vlv-e-f£-ka'- shun), n. The act of giving life. Viv-i-fy (viv'e x fi), v. t. [prs. t. 3, vivifies.] To make alive; to animate. [351-5.] Viv'iVi-ed, p. prf. Viv-i-SEC-Tiojf (Vlv-e-sek'shun),n. The act of dissecting living ani- mals. Vix-en (vlk'sn), n. A scold; a turbulent, quarrelsome woman. Vix-en-ly (vik'sn x le), a. Having the qualities of a vixen. Viz. (viz), ad. Namely : — a con- traction of videlicet. Viz-ard (viz'urd), n. A mask used for disguise ; a visor. Viz-ier (vlz'y£r or vlz'yeer), n. The prime minister of the Turk- ish Empire. [287-9.] Viz'or. See visor and vizard. Vo-ca-ble (vd'ka N bl), n. A word, a term. Vo-CAB-TT-LA-RY(v6-kab'u N la-re),n. A dictionary, a book of words. Vo-cab'u x la-ries, n. pi. Vo-cal (v6'kal), a. Having a voice; oral; uttered; uttering pertaining to the voice; modu lated. [67-16.] Vo-cal-ic (v6-kal'lk), a. Relating to vowels. Vo-cal-ist (v&'kaHst), n. A singer, Vo-cal-i-ty (v6-kal'le N te), n. The quality of being vocal. Vo-cal-ize (v6'karize), v. t. To make vocal; to articulate. Vo'caiA-zing, p. prs. Vo-cal-ly (vd'kaTle), ad. In words; articulately. Vo-ca-tion (vd-ka'shun), n. Call- ing ; designation ; trade, em- ployment. Voc-a-tive (v&k'a N tlv), a. Call- ing, addressing : — n., the fifth case of Latin nouns. Vo-cif-er-ate (vd-slftir^ate), v. t. or v. i. To clamor; to cry out; to call aloud. Vo-cif'er n a-ting, p. prs. Vo-cif-er-a-tion (v6 > slf-er-a'~ shun), n. Clamor, outcry. Vo-cif-er-ous (v6-slf'er v us), a. Clamorous, noisy. * Vogue (vdg), n. Fashion, mode ; repute. Voice (volse), n. Sound emitted by the mouth; vote; language; an inflection of verbs ; an opinion expressed : — v. t., to furnish with a voice ; to regulate the tone of the voice; to rumor; to vote. Voic'ing, p. prs. : — n., the act of giving a proper tone. Voice-less (vdise'les), a. Having no voice. V6!d, a. Empty, vacant; unoccu- pied : — n., an empty space : — v. t., to quit; to emit; to eject. {ap. p. — of.) Void-a-ble (vdid'^bl), a. Possi- ble to be voided. Void-ance (vdid'anse), n. Ejec- tion; vacancy. Void-ness (vdid'nes), n. Empti- ness ; a void state. Vo-lant (v6'lant), a. Flying ; active. Vol-a-tile (vol'aHIl), a. Flying; lively ; tending to evaporate ; fickle. Vol-a-tile-ness (v&l'a'til-nes), ) Vol-a-til-i-ty (V61-a-til'le v te), j n. The quality of flying away by evaporation; lightness. Vol-a-til-i-za-tion (V61-aHll-e- za'shun), n. Act of rendering volatile. Vol-a-til-ize (v&l'aHil-lze), v. u To render volatile. VolVtil-i^zing, p. prs. Vol-can-ic (v61-kan'lk), a. Re- lating to, or produced by, vol- canoes. Vol-can-ist (v6l'kanlst), n. One versed in the phenomena of volcanoes. Vol-ca-no (v61-ka'n6), n. A burn- ing mountain. *Vol-ca'noes, n. pi. Vole, n. A deal at cards that draws all the tricks. Vo-li-tion (v6-llsh'un), n. The act of willing ; the power of choice. [56-24.] *Vol-ley (v&l'le), n. A flight of shot ; a discharge of many things at once : — v. t., to discharge at once. V6lt, n. A circular tread made by a horse in passing around a centre ; a bound ; a turn ; a leap made by fencers to avoid a thrust. Vol-ta-ic (v61-talk), a. Relating to voltaism. Vol-ta-ism (v6l'ta x lzm), n. Gal- vanism. *Vol-ti-geur (v6l'te x zhtir or V61- te-zhur'), M> A dragoon or light- horseman. 543 VOM VOU File, far, fall, fat — me, mSt — pine, pin — no, m&ve, VUL Vol-tj-bil-i-ty (V&l-u-birieHe), n. Fluency of speech ; mutability. Vol-u-ble (v6l'u v bl), a. Formed so as to roll easily, rolling, nimble fluent of words. Vol-u-bly (v61'u v ble), ad. In a rolling or fluent manner. Vol-lme (v&l'yum), n. Something convolved; a roll; a book; a large division of a literary work ; power of voice; compass; di- mensions. *Yo-lu-mi-nous (vo-lu'me^nus), a. Consisting of many volumes. [145-24.] Vo-lu-mi-nous-ly (v6-lu'me x nus- le), ad. In many volumes. Yol-un-ta-ri-ly (v&l'unHa-re v le), ad. Of one's own accord. Vol-un-ta-ry (v6runH&-re), a. Acting by choice ; spontaneous [159-13] : — n., in 3Iusic } a piece played at will. Vol'un v ta-ries, n. pi. Vol-un-teer (V61-un-teeV), n. A soldier of his own accord: — v. t, to offer voluntarily : — v. i. } to act voluntarily. Yo-LUP-TU-A-RY(v6-lup'tshu'a-re), n. One given to luxury ; a sen- sualist. Yo-lup'tu v a-ries, n. pi. Vo-lup-tu-ous (vo-lup'tshuNis), a. Luxurious, epicurean.f Vo-LUP-TU-ous-LY(v6-lup'tshu v us- le), ad. Luxuriously, sensually. Yo-lup-tu-ous-ness (vd-liip'tshu- ^us-ne's), n. The state of being luxurious. [82.] Vo-lute (v6-lute')> n. A spiral scroll of a column; a genus of shells. Vo-lu-tion (v6-lu'shun), n. A spiral turn or wreath. Vom-i-ca (v6m'e x ka), n. An ab- scess in the lungs. Vom-it (v6m'it), v. t. To throw up from the stomach : — v. i., to eject the contents of the stom- ach : — n., an emetic. 544 Vom-i-tive (v6m'e v tiv), ) Vom-i-tor-y (v6m'e x tur-re), J Emetic ; causing to vomit. Vo-ra-cious (vd-ra'shus), a. Very hungry, ravenous, greedy. *Vo-ra-cious-ly (v6-ra'shus v le), ad. Greedily, ravenously. Yo-RA-rTors-xESS (v6-ra / shus N ne , s), *Yo-rac-i-ty (vo-ras'se v te), n. Greediness, avidity. Vor-tex (vdr'te'ks), n. A whirl- wind, a whirlpool, a whirl. * Yor'ti x ces, ) , Yor'tex^es, J "* P ' *Yor-ti-cal (vdr'te'kal), a. Hav- ing a whirling motion: — n., an animalcule that whirls. Yo-ta-ress (v6'ta v r^s), n. A female votary. Yo'ta x ress-es, 1l.pl. Yo-ta-rist (v6'ta'rlst), n. A vo- tary, one devoted to any service or state of life. Yo-ta-ry (v6'ta v re), n. One de- voted to any service [86] : — a., devoted. Yo'ta n ries, n. pi. Y6te, n. Yoice given and num- bered ; suffrage ; expression of a preference : — v. t., to choose by vote : — v. i., to ballot ; to express a choice by voice or ballot. Yo'ting, p. pr8. Yo-ter (vo'tiir), n. One who has a right to vote. Yo-tive (vo'tiv), a. Given by vow. Youch (vodtsh), v. t. \_pr8. t. 3, vouches.] To attest; to war- rant; to affirm; to declare: — v. i., to bear witness ; to testify : — n., a warrant ; an attestation. *Youch-ee (v6utsh-ee'), n. He who is called in to support his title. Vouch-er (vdiitsh'ur), n. One who gives witness. Vouch-safe (v6utsh-safe'), v. t. To condescend; to grant: — v. i., to condescend.f Youch-sa'fing, p. prs. Yow (vdu), n. A solemn or re- ligious promise [157-12] : — v. t., to consecrate by promise: — v. i. t to make a vow. Vow-el (v6u.ll), ii. A letter which can be fully sounded by itself. Voy-age (vde'aje), n. A passage by sea or by water : — v. i., to travel by sea or by water. Yoy-a-ger (vde'a'jur), u. One who travels by water. Vul-can (vul'kan), n. In Mythol- ogy, the god who presided over the working of metals. Yul-can-ize (vul'kan v lze), v. t. To harden India-rubber by treat- ing it with sulphur. • Yul'can v i-zing, p. prs. Yul-gar (vtil'gur), a. Mean, low, rude ; public : — a., noting a frac- tion which has a denominator expressed [257-21] : — n. } the common people. Vul-gar-ism (vul'gurlzm), n. A vulgar expresssion. Yul-gar-i-ty (vul-gar'e x te), n. Meanness, rudeness, clownish- ness, grossness. Yul-garVties, n. pi. Yul-gar-ly (vul'gur N le), ad. Com- monly, meanly, rudely. Yul-gate (vul'glt), n. An an- cient Latin version of the Scrip- tures. YUL-NER-A-BIL-I-TY (Vul-nur-4- bll'le'te), n. Yulnerableness. Vul-ner-a-ble (vul'nuVa-bl), a. Capable of being wounded. Yul-ner-a-ble-ness (vul'nur v a- bPne's), n. The state of being vulnerable. Vul-ner-a-ry (vul'nur r a-re), a. Useful in curing wounds. Vul-pine (vul'pin), a. Relating to, or like, a fox ; crafty. Vul-ture (vul'tshur), n. A large bird of prey. Yul-tu-rine (vul'tshuMn), ") Yul-tu-rous (vul'tshuYus), J Rapacious ; like a vulture. WAG WAI nor, n6t— tube, tub, bdll — 611- -p3und — thin, thIs. WAL W(dub'br y u), n. The twenty- third letter is a consonant at the beginning of words and syllables, and a vowel in all other situations. The name is written Double-u, and the plural Donble-ues. After vowels it helps to form diphthongs and triph- thongs, as in new and view. This letter is named from its form being composed of two Vees or Roman Ues. See U. W.N.W. stand for west -northwest. Wab-ble (wSb'bl), v. i. To move from side to side : — n., an unequal motion. Wab'bling, p. prs. *Wack-e (wak'e), n. A rock allied to basalt. Wad (w6d), n. A mass of paper, tow, rs. War-fare (war'fare), to. Contest, military life. Wa-ri-ly (wa're N le), ad. Cautious- ly, prudently. Wa-ri-ness (wa're^nes), n. Watch- fulness, caution, care. War-like (war'llke), a. Fit for war ; military ; soldierly ; hostile. Warm, a. A little heated; zeal- ous, ardent; cordial: — v. t., to heat gently or moderately : — v. i., to become warm or earnest. Warm-ly (warm'le), ad. With gentle heat ; ardently. Warmth (warm^),n. Gentle heat; zeal, passion, ardor. Warn, v. t. To caution; to ad- monish ; to notify of. Warning, p. prs. : — to., caution. Warp, n. The thread that runs with the length of a web ; a rope [44-15]: — v. t., to contract; to turn ; to prepare the warp of a web : — v. i.j to become bent. War-rant (w6r'rant), v. t. To give authority; to justify; to secure ; to assure : — «., a writ for arresting an offender; authority; right. [108-19.] [278-13.] WAR-RANT-A-BLE(w6r'rant > a-bl),a. Justifiable. War-rant-a-ble-ness (w&r'rant- ^a-brnSs), to. The state of being justifiable. War-rant- a-bly (w&r'rant A a-ble), ad. Justifiably. War-rant-ee ( v w6r-rant-ee'), n. One to whom any thing is war- ranted. War-rant-er ) , * , 4 ,,.> . *War-rant-or }(w6r'r4ntur),«. One who warrants. *War-ran-ty (w6r'ran N te), to. A deed of security ; authority. War'ran'ties, n. pi. War-ren (w6r'rln), «. A kind of park for rabbits, &c. *War-rior ( war'yur or w&rWur), n. A soldier, a military man. Wart, to. A hard excrescence. Wart-y (wart'e), a. Grown over with warts ; like a wart. War-Whoop (war'h6&p), n. The Indian war-cry. Wa-ry (wa're), «. [warier — wariest.] Cautious, prudent. [124-34.] Was (w6z), pst. t. 3, of be. Wash (w6sh), v. t. To cleanse by ablution : — v. i., to perform ab- lution : — n.-, the act of washing ; a cosmetic lotion; a bog; a thin coating of metal ; alluvium. Wash'es, to. pi. and prs. t. 3. Wash-ball (w6sh'bal), to. A ball of soap. Wash-board (w6sb/b6rd), to. A board next the floor in a room ; a board to aid in washing. Wash-Down (w6sh'd6un), n. Ab- lution of the body with friction. Wash-er (w&sh'ur), to. One that washes ; a movable ring on the axis of a wheel. WAT WAT n6r, n&t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6und — thin, THis. WAIT Wash-er-wom-an (w6sh'urVum- an), it. A woman who washes clothes. *Wash-er-wom-en (wosh'urVlm- mlu), n. pi. Wash-ing (w6sh'lng), n. The act of cleansing by water; that which is washed. Wash-y (w6sh'e), a. [washier — washiest.] Watery, weak. Wasp (wawsp or w6sp), n. A stinging insect. Wasp-ish (wawsp'ish or w6sp'lsh), a. Peevish, irritable. WASP-iSH-LY(wawsplsh x leorw6sp'- ishHe), ad. Peevishly. Wasp-ish-ness (wawsp'lsh v nSs or w6sp'lsh N nes), n. Peevishness ; irritability. *Was-sail (w6s'sll), n. A liquor made of sugar, ale, and apples ; a drunken frolic ; a song : — v. %., to frolic ; to tipple. [96-28.] Wast (w6st), pst. t. 2 (solemn style) of to be. Waste, v. t. To diminish; to spend; to squander; to con- sume : — v. i. } to dwindle away : — n., useless expense; desolate ground ; refuse : — a., desolate ; ruined; stripped. Wast'ing, p. prs. Waste-Book (waste'bdk), n. A book for rough entries, a blotter. Waste-ful (waste'ful), a. Lavish, profuse; destructive. Waste-ful-ly (waste'f&rie), ad. Lavishly, profusely. Waste-ful-ness (waste'ful v nes), n. Prodigality, lavish ness. Watch (w&tsh), n. Forbearance of sleep ; guard ; a period of the night ; a pocket timepiece : — v. U, to guard ; to tend : — v. i., to be awake ; to keep guard. Watch'es, n. pi. &nd p7-s. t. 3. Watch-ful (w6tsh'ful), a. Atten- tive, vigilant, heedful. Watch-ful-ly (w6tsh'furie), ad. Cautiously. Watch-ful-ness (w6tsh'furnes), n. Vigilance, heed, cautiousness. Watch-House (w6tsh'h6use), n. A place where a watch is set; a place for the temporary con- finement of prisoners. Watch-Hous-es (w6tsh'h5uzlz), n. pi. Watch-ma-ker (w6tsh'ma x kur), n. One who makes watches. Watch-man (w6tsh , man), n, A guard, a sentinel. Watch'men, n. pi. Watch-Tow-er (w6tsh't6u v ur), n. A tower for a sentinel. Watch-word (w&tsh'wurd), n. A sentinel's night-word; a rally- ing cry. [li6-9.] Wa-ter (wa'tur), n. A fluid; an oxide of hydrogen; lustre of a diamond; the ocean: — v. u, to supply with water; to give a wavy appearance to: — v. i. y to take in water. WA-TER-BEAR-ER(wa'tur-bare / ur), n. One of the twelve signs in the zodiac (Aquarius). Wa-ter-Cart (wa'tur'kart), n. A cart carrying water for sprink- ling dusty streets. Wa-ter-Col-or ( wa'tur^kul-lur),^. Color mixed and worked with water. Wa-ter-course (wa'tur v k6rse), n. A channel for water. Wa-ter-Cure (wa'tur v kure), n. Hydropathy : — a., hydropathic. Wa-ter-fall (wa'tur v fal), n. A cataract ; a cascade. Wa-ter-fowl (wa'tur N f6ul), n. A fowl that gets its living from the water. *Wa-ter-Gage ) , 3/. 3 \ i. v Wa-ter-Gauge }iwl'turg4je),n. An instrument for measuring the quantity of water. Wa-ter-i-ness (wa'tur v e-nes), n. Humidity. Wa-ter-ish (wa'turlsh), a. Some- what watery. Wa-ter-ish-ness (wa'tur v lsh-nes), n. Resemblance to water. Wa-ter-Lev-el (wa'tur'lev-el), n. The level formed by the surface of still water. Wa-ter-line (wa'turHlne), n. A line distinguishing the part of a ship under water from that which is above; a wavy line on wri- ting-paper : — v. t., to put a wavy line in writing-paper. Wa'ter v li-ning, p. prs. Wa-ter-log-ged (wa'tur x 16gd), a. Unmanageable from containing too much water. Wa-ter-man (wa'tur^man), n. A boatman. Wa'ter^men, n. pi. Wa-ter-mark (wa'tur v mark), n. The highest line or mark of a flood or tide ; the manufacturer's mark on paper. WA-TER-MEL-ON(wa'tur x me : l-lun),ri. A plant and its fruit. Wa-ter-mill (wa'tur v m!l), n. A mill turned by water. Wa-ter-proof (wa'tur N pr6of), a. Impervious to water. Wa-ter-rot (wa'tur v r6t), v. t. To rot by soaking in water. Wa'ter^rot-ting, p. prs. Wa'ter^rot-ted, p. prf. Wa-ter-Shed (wa / tur v she i d), n. A ridge of land between two river basins or valleys. Wa-ter-soak (wa'tur v sdke), v. t. To soak in water. WA-TER-SpouT(wa/tur'sp6ut),?i. A whirling body of water in the air. Wa-ter-works (wa'turVurks), ». Structures for raising water. Wa-ter-y (wa'tur're), a. Consist- ing of water, thin. Wat-tle (w6t'tl), n. A twig; a hurdle ; the fleshy excrescence on the throat of a turkey : — v. t., to bind or interweave with twigs. Wat'tling, p. prs. *Waul (wal). v. i. To cry as a cat : — also written wawl. 547 WAY F^fe. WEA If, fall, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n&, rnove, WEA *WAve, n. A billow; an undula- tion : — v. i., to play loosely ; to float ; to undulate : — v. t., to make undulating; to brandish ; to beckon; to relinquish; to waive. Wa'ving, p. prs. Wave-less (wavers), a. Smooth, free from waves. [wave. Wave-let (wave'let), n. A small Wave-Of-fer-ing (wave^Sf- fir- ing), n. A Jewish sacrifice per- formed by waving the hands. Wa-ver (wa'vur), v. i. To play to and fro ; to hesitate ; to totter. Wa-ver-ing-ness (wa'vurlng- nes), n. A wavering state. Wa-vy (wa've), a. Rising in waves, undulating. Wawl. See waul. Wax (waks), n. The matter gath- ered by bees; any tenacious mass :— v. t. [waxed — waxed or waxen], to smear or join with wax : — v. i., to grow ; to increase in intensity. Wax'es, n. pi. sm&prs. t. 3. Wax-en (waVsn), a. Made of wax. Wax-work (waks'wurk), n. Fig- ures formed of wax. Wax-y (waks'e), a. Like wax ; yielding; adhesive. Way (wa), n. Road; course; di- rection ; passage ; means ; sys- tem, method, fashion. Way-Bill ( wa'bil), n. A list of the passengers, &c. of a stage-coach, car, &c. *Way-fa-rer (wa'faVur), n. A traveller. Way-fa-ring (wa'fa N rlng), a. Travelling. *Way-lay (wa'la or wa-la'), v. t. [waylaid — waylaid.] To beset by ambush. Way-less (wa/les), a. Trackless. Way-mark (wa'mark), rc. A mark to guide travellers. Way-Train (wa'trane), n. A train of cars that stops at intermediate towns. 548 Way-ward (wa'wurd), a. Fro- ward, peevish, perverse. Way-ward-ly (wa'wdrd x 16), ad. Perversely. Way-ward-ness (wa'wurd^nSs), n. Perverseness. We, pro. The nominative plural of I. 2$^** We is used instead of I by sovereigns, governors, editors, and others, but it does not be- come singular by such use. Weak (week), a. Feeble ; infirm. Weak-en (we'kn), v. t. To debili- tate : — v. i., to grow weak. Weak-en-er (we'kn^ur), n. One who, or that which, weakens. *Weak-ling (week'ling), Ms. A feeble person. Weak-ly (week'le), ad. [weak- lier — weakliest.] Feebly : — or., feeble ; not healthy. Weak-ness (week'nes), n. Feeble- ness; infirmity; foolishness; defect, frailty. Weak-side (week'slde), n. Foible, infirmity, defect. Weal (w£el), n. Happiness, pros- perity ; public interest. [145-12.] Wealth (wekA), n. Riches, opu- lence, abundance ; money. Wealth-i-ly (weM'e'le), ad. Richly. Wealth-i-ness (we'M'e^nes), n. Richness, affluence. Wealth-y (wel^'e), a. [wealth- ier — we althie s t.] Rich, affluent. Wean (ween), v. t. To put from the breast ; to alienate ; to detach. *Weap-on (weVpn), n. An in- strument of offense or defense. [38-26.] Weap-on-less (wep'pnMes), a. Having no weapons, unarmed. Wear (ware), v. t. [wore — worn.] To waste; to consume; to im- pair ; to change the course of a ship : — v. i., to be wasted or spent : — n., the act of wearing ; a thing worn. *Wear (weer or ware), n. A dam J a net of twigs to catch fish : — often written weir and wier. Wea-ri-ness (we're N nes), n. Las- situde, fatigue. Wea-ri-some (we're^stim), a. Te- dious, tiresome, irksome. WEA-Ri-soME-LY(we / re x sum-le),arf. Tediously. WEA-Ri-soME-NESs(we're x sum-ne ! s) n. The quality of tiring, te- diousness. Wea-ry (we're), v. t. [pre. t. 3, wearies.] To tire; to fatigue: — a. [wearier — weariest], im- patient of continuance ; causing weariness ; tired ; wearisome. (ap. p. — of.) Wea'ri-ed,^>. prf. *Wea-sand (we'zand), n. The windpipe. Wea-sel (we'zl), n. A small animal. Weath-er (we'TH'ilr), n. State of the air : — v. t. f to pass with diffi- culty ; to endure ; to sail to the windward of. Weath-er-Board (weTH'uYbird), n. A board to keep off wet or cold ; the side of a ship toward the wind. WEATH-ER-B0UND(w6TH , Ur > b6And), a. Delayed by bad weather. Weath-er-cock (weTii'ur k6k), n. A vane on the top of a spire ; an inconstant person. *Weath-er-gage (weTH r uYgaje), n. The advantage of the wind ; an advantage of position; that which shows the weather. Weath-er-Gtlass (weTH'uVglas), n. A glass to indicate the weather ; a barometer. Weath'er- x Glass-es, n. pi. Weath-er-Mold-ing j (w£th'- *Weath-er-Mould-ing J ur- x m61d-ing), n. A canopy over a door or window. Weath-er-wise (weTH'urVlze), a. Skilful in foretelling the weather. WEI WEL nSr, not— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pMnd — thin, this. WET Weave (weev), v. t. [wove or WEAVED — WOVEN Or WEAVED.] To form texture ; to unite threads by a loom. Weav'ing, p. prs. Web, n. Any thing woven. Web-bed (webd), a. Joined by a film. Web-Foot-ed (web'futfed), a. Having webbed feet; palmiped. Wed, v. t. or v. i. [wedded or wed — wedded or wed.] To marry. Wed'Ding, p. prs.: — «., marriage. Wedge (wedje), n. A body of metal or wood sloping *to an edge: — v. t., to fasten with a wedge ; to drive in. Wedg'ing, p. prs. Wed-lock (wed'l6k), n. Married state, marriage. *Wed-nes-day (wenz'de), n. The fourth day of the week. WeiSd, n. A plant out of place ; any plant troublesome or nox- ious to man : — v. t. f to root out, as weeds. Weeds, n. pi. The mourning gar- ments of a female. Weed-y (weed'e), a. [weedier — weediest.] Abounding with weeds ; having weeds. Week, n. The space of seven days. Week-day (week'da), n. Any day except Sunday. Week-ly (week'le), a. Happening once a week : — ad., once a week. Ween, v. i. To imagine ; to think, Weep, v. i. [wept or weeped— wept or weeped.] To lament; to shed tears ; to bewail : — v. t., to lament; to drop; to shed. (ap. p. — at, for.) Weef'ikg, p.prs.: — n. t lamentation. *Wee-vil (we'vl), n. A grub. Weft, n. The web or woof of cloth. Weigh (wa), v. t. To examine by the balance ; to raise ; to give by weight ; to ponder : — v. i., to have weight; to press : — -see wey. Weight (wate), n. A mass by which bodies are weighed; im- portance; heaviness. Weigh-ti-ly (wa'teHe), ad. Im- portantly; heavily. Weigh-ti-ness (wa'te r nes), n. Im- portance ; heaviness ; weight. Weight-less (wate'les), a. Having no weight. *Weigh-ty (wa'te), a. [weigh- tier — weightiest.] Important, grave; heavy. Weir. See wear (noun). Weird (weerd), a. Skilled in witchcraft. Wel-come (wel'kum), a. Received with gladness : — n., kind recep tion : — v. t., to salute a new comer with kindness ; to entertain hos- pitably : — in., a salutation used to a new comer. Wel'com v ing, p. prs. Wel-come-ness (wel'kumWs), n. State of being welcome. Weld, n. A plant: — v. t., to join together by fire and hammer. Wel-fare (weTfare), n. Happi ness, prosperity. Wel-kin (wel'kin), n. The regions of the air ; the sky. Well, n. A spring, a fountain, a source; a narrow pit of water: a. [better — best], not sick ; happy: — ad., properly, rightly: — v. t., to issue forth. Well-a-day (weTaMa), in. Alas. Well-Be-ing (wel-be'ing), n. Prosperity. Well-Born (wel-brs. Weth-ir wfTH'i' . n. Aram. The state of being wet, moi store, humidity. W it-- : , n. In Hy- dropathy, a wash-down i dripping il fn vi . U 2 pounds of wool : 40 bushels of corn : 4S bushels of oats : 2 to 3 cwt, of butter. ad. Into which. Wherb-of (hware-6f), ad. Of which. Where-ox (hware-6n'), ad. On which; on which account; on what ; whereupon. *Where-so-ev-er i v hwarc-s6-eV- Ar . ad. In whatsoever place. Where-to (hware-t66'j, ) Where-ux-to rhware-un-t66'), J ad. To which, to what end. Where-up-ox i'hware-up-6n'), ad. Upon which ; on which account; on what; whereon. *Wher-ev-er (hware-ev'ur), ad. At whatever place. Where-with (hware-wltf/), -WHERE-wiTH-AL( v hware-wlTH-al') ad. With which, with what, *Wher-ry (hwer're), n. A light boat used on rivers. [208-10.] Wher'ries, n. pi. Whet (hwet), ft. t. [whetted or WHET WHETTED Or WHET.] To sharpen; to edge: to stimulate : — n., the act of sharpening; that which sharpens or makes hungry. Whet'tixg, p. prg. Wheth-er (hweTH'dr),^»'o. Which of the two : — con. d., which of the two alternatives, (cor. c. — or.) Whet-stoxe (hwet'st6ne), n. A sharpening stone; a hone. Whew fhwu), in. An expression of contempt or surprise. *Whey (hwaj, n. The thin or serous part of curdled milk. WHI WHI n6r. n6t — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p6iind — thin, THis. WHI Which (hwltsh), pro. [Belative.] While I'hwlle). 1 , f During the [sing, and pi. : — rum. WHICH : Whilst hwii ; : ' ( time that: ^k>«. whose ; obj. which.] That as long as. person, animal, or thing. While hwile), n. Space of time: ipS*- Which is applied to infe- — ad., during the time that : — rior animals, to things with- t\ t., to spend the time; to loiter. out life, to infants, to nouns of Whil'ing, p. prs. multitude, composed of per- Whim | hwim), n. A freak, an odd sons where unity of idea is fancy or notion. expressed, to persons in ask- Whim-per (hwim'pur), v. i. To ing or answering questions, cry with low sobbing or mur- and when prefixed to ever and muring. soever. |*Whim-sey (hwim'ze). n. A freak, Which-ev-er (hwltsh-eVur), WHiCH-so-EV-ER( v hwltsh-s6-ev'ur ) pro. [Compovnd relative,] Any one : any person or thing which, j^** Whichever and whichso- ever apply to persons, ani- mals, and things, and are used either in the nominative or objective case. Whiff (hwlf ), ». A blast; a puff: — r. t., to puff. Whim-si-cal i hwini'ze'kal) Freakish, capricious, fanciful, odd, full of whims. [171-1.] Whim-si-cal-i-tv fhwim-ze-kal'- le'tej, n. Oddity: state of being whimsical : whimsicalness. 'Whim-si-cal'lties, n. pi. Whim-si-cal-ly (hwlm'ze'kal-le), ad. Oddly. Whim-si-cal-ness (hwlm'ze'kal- nes |, n. State of being whimsical. Whif-fle (hwiffl)j v. i. To move Whin (hwin', n. Furze, gorse, a to evade. prickly shrub. Whine (hwine), v. i. To lament in low murmurs : — n., a plaintive noise. i inconstantly Whif'fling. p. prs. *Whif-fle-tree (hwiffTtree), n. The bar to which the traces of a carriage are fastened; Whipple- Whi'ning. p. prs. tree, swingletree. *Whin-ny v hwin'ne), v. i. [prs. t. Whig (hwig), n. In Great Britain, 3. whinnies.] To make a noise a political partisan who favors like a horse or colt. the expansion of popular power; Whin-ni-ed hwin'nid-, p. prf. in the United States, one who Whin-stone < hwin'stOne), n. A favored the Revolution, and also name applied to basaltic rock. one of a political party that de- Whip ihwip;., n. An instrument sired a protective tariff and a consisting of a handle and a national bank. lash : — 1\ t., to strike with any J/^** Whig is derived from thing flexible: to iash ; to beat : whiggamor, a Scottish word — v. i.. to start suddenly and run. which signifies one icho drives Whip'ping. p. prs. horses. Whip'pep, p. prf. *Whig-ger-y (hwlg'urVe), ) Whip-Cord | hwip'kdrd), n. *Whig-gisji (hwig'izm), J n " of which lashes are made. The notions or principles of Whip-Hand , . hwip'hand), n. Whigs. advantage over another. *Whig-gish (hwlg'gish), a. Re- Whip-Lash (hwlp'l^sh), n. lating to Whigs ; inclined to small end of a whip. Whiggery. Whip'-Lash es, n. pi. Cord An The *Whip-per-Snap-per | hwip'pur- 'snap-purj, n. An insignificant, diminutive person. Whip-ping-Post ; hwip'pini- n. A post to which culprits are bound when whipped. *WHIP-PLE-TREE.SeeWHlFFLETREE. Whip-poor-will ;hwip'p66r wL , it. A bird that sings at night Whip-saw . hwlp'saw... n. A large saw used by two persons. Whip-staff ^hwlp'staf ;, n. A bar by which the rudder of a ship is turned. Whip'staffs, n. pi. Whip-ster (hwip'stur). n. A sharper : a nimble fellow. Whip-Stick ihwip'stik, 1 Whip-Stock (hwip'stok), J n * The handle of a whip. Whir (hwlr), r. i. To fly with noise : — v. t., to hurry. Whir 'ring, p. prs. Whir'red, p. prf. Whipt. See whipped. Whirl (hw^rl;, v. t. or r. ?'. To turn round rapidly ; to twirl : — n.. quick rotation. Whirl-bone i hwerl'b6ne), n. The cap of the knee. *Whirl-i-gig (hwSrl'e'gig), n. A toy which children whirl around. Whirl-pool (hwerl'pool), n. An eddy : water moving circularly. Whirl-wind (hwerl'wind), n. A stormy wind moving circularly. Whir-ring (hwer'ring ,.. n. The sound made by a bird's wing. Whisk vhwisk), n. A small besom ; quick motion : — v. i., to move nim- bly : — v. t.. to brush with a whisk. Whis-ker ^hwis'kur), n. Hair on the cheek. *Whis-key I Whis-ky tilled from grain. Whis-per hwis'pur), v. i. To speak with a low voice : — utter in a low voice: — ml, a law voice; words uttered softly. 551 } (hwwkij.a. .; • WHI Fate, far, f&ll, fat- WHO -me, inet — pine, pin — no, mfive, WID Whist (hwlst), n. A game at cards: — a., silent, still: — in. t be still! hush! Whis-tle (hwis'sl), n. A small wind instrument ; a sound made by escape of steam through an aperture, or by the breath : — v. i., to form a kind of musical modulation of the breath; to sound shrill : — v. t. f to call by a whistle. Whis'tling, p. prs. Whit (hwlt), n. A point, a jot, a small part. White (hwlte), a. Snowy; pale; pure : — n., any thing white ; whiteness. White- Liv-er-ed (hwlte'nVurd), a. Cowardly. White-Meat (hwlte'm^et), n. Food made of milk, butter, eggs, &c. Whi-ten (hwl'tn), v. t. To make white : — v. L, to grow white. White-ness (hwlte'ne's), n. The state of being white, purity. White-wash (hwlte'w6sh), n. A wash of lime and water for whi- tening walls, - a. a'tre), J Wipe, v. t. To cleanse by rubbing; to clear away : — n., a blow, a rub ; a reproof. Wi'ping, p. prs. WIre, n. Metal drawn into slender threads : — v. L, to bind with wire. Wi'ring, p. prs. Wire-Bridge (wlre'bridje), n. A bridge mainly sustained by wire, Wire-draw (wlre'draw), v. t. [WIREDREW WIREDRAWN.] To draw out into wire ; to spin out. Wire-Pul-ler (wlre'ptlnir), n. One who pulls the wire of a pup- pet-show; an intriguer; apolit- ical manager. Wi-RY(wl're) a. [wirier — wiriest.] Made of, or like, wire; strong and pliant; also written wiery. Wis, v. t. [wist — defective.] To think; to suppose. Wis-dom (wiz'dum), n. The power of judging rightly, sapience, the right use of knowledge, pru- dence. [35-8.] [351-28.] Wise (wlze), a. Sapient, judging rightly ; having wisdom ; pru- dent ; skilled ; knowing : — n., manner, way of being. Wise-a-cre (wlze'a x kur), n, A dunce, a fool, a wiseling. Wise-ling (wize'ling), n. One pre- tending to be wise. Wise-ly (wlze'le), ad. Prudently, judiciously. WIsh, n. Longing desire : — v. %., to have strong desire: — v. t., to long for; to desire. Wish'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Wish-ful (wish'ful), a. Showing desire, eager. Wish-ful-ly (wish'ful x 16), ad. With longing or earnest desire. Wis-ket (wis'ket), n. A basket. Wisp, n. A small bundle. Wist, pst. t. of wis. Wist-ful (wishful), a. Attentive, earnest. Wist-ful-ly (wlst'fuTle), ad. At- tentively ; earnestly. WIt, n. The faculty of exhibiting ludicrous combinations of ideas ; humor; quickness of fancy; a man of genius; sense: — v. t. [wot — defective], to know: — v.i., to be known. Witch (wltsh), n. A woman given to sorcery : — v. t., to bewitch. Witch'es, n. pi. and^rs. t. 3. Witch-craft (wltsh'kraft), | Witch-er-y (witsh'urYe), j n The practices of witches, sorcery. With (wIth), prp. Noting the cause or means, by : — see withe. *With-al (wiTH-al'), ad. Along with the rest, besides. *With-draw (wiTH-draw'), v. t. [WITHDREW WITHDRAWN.] To take back : — v. i., to retreat ; to retire; to retract. WlTH-DRAW-ING-R00M(wlTH-draw' ingVo&m), n. A drawing-room. With-draw-al (wlTH-draw'al), «. Withdrawment. WlTH-DRAW-MENT (wiTH-draw'- ment), n. Act of withdrawing; a recalling. With-er (wiTH'ur), v. L To fade, to dry up; to waste; to pine away : — v. t., to cause to decay or shrink. [236-12.] With-ers (wiTH'urz), n. pi. The joint uniting the shoulder and neck of a horse. With-er-Wrung (wiTH'urYung), a. Injured in the withers. WlTH-HOLD (wlTH-h61d / ), V. t. [WITHHELD WITHHELD OT WITH- holden.] To restrain; to hold back ; to keep back. With-in (wiTH-in'), prp. In the inner part ; not longer ago than ; in the reach of: — ad., in the in- ner part; internally. WlTH-OUT (wlTH-6ut'), prp. Not within the compass of; on the outside of: — ad., on the outside: — con., unless, except. WOF WOO nor, n6t— tube, tub, bdll — dil- -pMnd — thin, this. WOO WlTH-STAND (wlTH-Stand'), V. t. [WITHSTOOD — WITHSTOOD.] To oppose ; to resist. With-y (wl^'e), n. A species of willow-tree : — a., made of withes. Wit-less (wit'les), a. Wanting understanding. Wit-ling (wit'ling), ». A pre- tender to wit. Wit-ness (wlt'nes), n. Testimony, one who gives testimony : — v. t., to see; to attest; to give testi- mony to : — v. i.,to give testimony ; to depose, (ap. p. — of.) Wit'ness^es, n. pi. snad prs. t. 3. Wit-snap-per (wit'snap^pur), n. One who affects wit. Wit-ted (wit'te'd), a. Having wit (used in compound words). #Wit-ti-cism (wit'te^sizm), n. A saying affectedly witty ; a witty remark. Wit-ti-ly (wit'te'le), ad. Inge- niously. Wit-ti-ness (wit'te^ne's), n. The quality of being witty. WiT-TiNG-LY(wit / tlng v le),adKnow- ingly. Wit-ty (wit'te), a. [wittier — wittiest.] Full of wit, facetious, ingenious, sarcastic. WivE, v. t. or v. i. To take a wife. Wi'ving, p. prs. Wives, h. pi. of wife a,n& prs. t. 3 of WIVE. *Wiz-ard (wlz'urd), n. A man given to unlawful arts, a con- jurer, a sorcerer: — a., enchant- ing. [73-27.] Woad (w6de), n. A plant used in dyeing ; weld. Woe (w6), n. Misery ; sorrow, grief: — sometimes written wo. Woe-be-gone ) (wd'be x g&n or wo'- *Wo-be-gone j be N gawn), a. Full of sorrow. *Wo-ful (wd'fftl), a. Wretched, miserable, sorrowful, calamitous. Wo-ful-ly (w6'ful v le), ad. Sor- rowfully; calamitously. Wo-ful-ness (w6'fufne , s), n. Ca- lamity, misery. Woke, }jst. t. andjo. prf. of wake. Wolf (wiilf), n. [pi. wolves.] A wild, ferocious animal. Wolf-ish (wulfish), a. Like a wolf. Wolf's-bane (wulfs'bane), n. A poisonous plant, aconite. Wolf-ram (wiilf ram), n. A white, brittle metal ; tungsten. Wolves, pi. of wolf. Wom-an (wiim'un), n. [pi.* women (wim'min).] The adult female of the human race. Wom-an-hood (wum'iWhud), n. The qualities of a woman. Wom-an-ish (wiirn'unlsh), a. Suit- able to a woman, feminine. Wom-an-kind (wiim'un^kind), n. The race of human females. Wom-an-ly (wum'un N le), a. Be- coming a woman. Wom-en ( wlm'min), n.pl. of woman. Won (wun), pst. t. and p. prf. of WIN. Won-der (wiin'dur), v. i. To be astonished: — n., astonishment; amazement; a strange or inex- plicable thing. Won-der-ful (wun'durYul), a. Astonishing, marvellous. Won-der-ful-ly (wun'durYiil-le), ad. Amazingly. Won-der-ful-ness (wun'dur N ful- nes), n. The state of being wonderful. Won-der-struck (wun'durWuk), a. Amazed, surprised. Won-drous (wun'drus), a. Mar- vellous, strange. *Won-drous-ly (wun'drus x le), ad. To a strange degree, wonderfully. Wont (wiint), v. i. [wont or wont- ed — wont or wonted.] To be accustomed : — v. t., to accustom. [84-18.] [302-15.] W66, v. i. To court; to make love : — v. t., to solicit in mar- riage; to importune fondly. *Woos, prs. t. 3. * Woo-ed (w66d), p. prf. Wood (wud), n. A thick planta- tion of trees ; timber : — v. t., to supply with wood. Wood-bine (wud'bine), n. A va- riety of honeysuckle. Wood-chuck (wud'tshuk), n. A burrowing animal. Wood-cock (wiid'k6k), n. A bird of passage. Wood-cut (wud'kut), n. An en- graving on wood. Wood-ed (wud'M), a. Supplied with wood. Wood-en (wud'dn), a. Made of wood; hard. Wood-House (wud r h6use), n. A house for wood. WooD-Hous-Es(wud'h6uz v iz),w.jo/. Wood-land (wiid'land), n. Ground covered with woods : — a., covered with woods. Wood-Lark (wud'lark), n. A sort of melodious lark. Wood-man (wud'man), { A Woods-man (wudz'man) sportsman; one who fells tim- ber ; a forester. Wood'men, ) 7 Woodsmen,] n ' pL Wood-Note (wud'n6te), n. A wild music. Wood-Nymph (wud'nimf ), n. A nymph of the woods. Wood-peck-er (wud'peViir), n. A bird that pecks holes in wood in search of insects. Wood-Pig-eon (wud'pifin), n. A wild pigeon. Wood-Reeve (wud're£ve), n. An overseer of a wood. Wood-y (wud'e), a. Abounding with wood, ligneous. *Woo-er (w66'ur), it. One who courts a woman. W66f, n. The set of threads that cross the warp, the weft. Woo-ing-ly (w66'ing N le), ad. In a wooing manner. 555 WOE, WOK Fate, far, fS.ll, fat — me, met — pine, pin — n6, m6ve, WOU Wool (will), n. The fleece of sheep; short, thick hair. wool, consisting of wool. Wool-Gath-er-ing (wul-gaTH'ur- Ing), n. A useless pursuit. Wool-GtROW-er (wiil'gro^ur), n. One who raises sheep for wool. WOOL-I-NESS ) / 3101X2 n •fcTO- \ ( wurle nes), n. '"WOOL-LI-NESS j v " State of being woolly. *Wool-ly (wiil'le), a. Consisting of, or like, wool. Wool-Pack (wiil'pak), n. A bag or bundle of wool. Wool-Sack (wiil'sak), n. A sack made of wool ; the seat of the Lord Chancellor of England. Word (wurd), n. A single part of speech ; a promise ; Scripture ; tidings : — v.*., to express in words. Word-Book (wurd'biik), n. A dictionary. Word-Catch-er (wurd'katsh v ur), n. One who cavils at words. Word-i-ness (wurd'e'nes), n. The state of abounding with words. Word-y (wtird'e), a. [wordier — wordiest.] Verbose. Wore, pst. t. of wear. Work (wurk), n. Labor, toil ; em- broidery of the needle : deed : — v. i, [worked or wrought — worked or wrought], to labor; to ferment ; to operate : — v. t., to cause to operate ; to manufacture. Work-a-ble (wurk'a^bl), a. Pos- sible to be worked. Work-Day (wurk'da), n. A day for labor ; a working-day. Work-Fel-low (wurk'feTld), n. A fellow-laborer. ^•Work-folk (wurk'f6ke), } -, Work-folks (wurk'f6kes), J n ' & ' People that labor. Work-house (wurk'house), n. A house where persons are com- pelled to work ; a manufactory. WoitK-Hous-Es(wurk'h6uzlz),»j.pZ. 556 Work-ing-Day (wurk'ingMa), n, A day for labor; a work-day. Work-man (wurk'man), n. An artificer, a laborer. Work'men, n. pi. Work-man-like (wurk'man^like), Work-man-ly (wurk'man^ld), a. Well performed. Work-man-ship (wurk'man^shlp), n. Art, skill ; manufacture. Work-shop (wurk'shSp), n. A place where work is done. World (wurld), n. The earth ; present state of existence ; man kind ; a secular life ; a great quantity; what the world con tains ; the universe ; a sun, star, or planet. World-li-ness (wurld'leWs), n. Covetousness ; love of the world. World-ling (wurld'ling), n. A person bent upon profit. World-ly (wurld'le), a. Kelating to this life ; secular, common ; bent upon this world: — ad., with relation to this life. Worm (wurm), n. An insect; a grub ; something tormenting : — v. t., to work slowly : — v. i. f to get by secret means. Worm-Eat-en (wurm'e^tn), a. Eaten by worms ; worthless. Worm-Fence (wiirm'fense), n. A zig-zag fence ; a stake-fence. Worm-wood (wurm'wud), n. A bitter herb. Worm-y (wurm'e),a. Full of worms. Worn, p. prf. of wear. Wor-ri-er (wur'reur), n. One that worries. Wor-ry (wur're), v. t. [prs. t. 3, worries.] To tear; to harass; to tease : — n., pother ; state of fretfulness or vexation. Wor'ri-ed, p. prf. Worse (wurse), a. [com. of bad, ill, and evil.] More bad, more ill, more evil : — ad. [com. of bad- ly, ill, evil, and evilly], in a more evil manner. Wor-ship (wur'ship), n. Dignity, eminence ; adoration ; religious reverence: — v. t., to adore; to honor ; to reverence : — v.i.,to per- form acts of religious homage. Worshipping, ) *Wop/shipVing, \P-P r8 - Wor'ship-ed, j j, * Wor'shipp-ed, J &' P r f' Wor-ship-ful (wur'shipYul), a. Respected for dignity ; a title of respect. Wor-ship-ful-ly (wur'shipYul- le), ad. Respectfully, with honor. Wor-ship-er ) , 2 , is \* s *Wor-ship-per ) (wir'shlpW), n. One who worships. Worst (wurst), a. [sup. of bad, ill, and evil.] Most bad, most ill, most evil: — ad. [sup. of badly, ill, evil, and evilly], most evil : — n. y the most calamitous or wicked state: — v. t., to defeat; to overthrow. *Worst-ed (wurst'ld or wust'ed), n. Woollen yarn, made of combed wool : — a., consisting of worsted. Wort (wurt), n. A plant; new beer. Worth (wurfA), n. Price; value; virtue : — a., equal in price to, equal in value to: — v. i., to hap- pen to ; as, "Woe worth the day." Wor-thi-ly (wur'THe x le), ad. De- servedly, justly, suitably. Wor-thi-ness (wur'THeues), n. Desert, merit, excellence, dignity. Worth-less (wur^'le's), a. Vile, base, having no value. Worth-less-ness (wiirtMe : s v ne ! s), n. Want of value. Wor-thy (wur'THe), a. [worthier — worthiest.] Deserving, meri- torious ; valuable (ap. p. — of) : — n., a man deserving of praise. Wor'thies, n. pi. Wot, pst. t. of wit. Would (wud), pst. t. of will : — see will and have. WdtJND, pst. t. and p. prf. of WIND. WRE WRI nSr, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- -pdund — thin, THis. WRY Wound (w66nd or wound), n. A hurt given by violence ; an in- jury : — v. t., to hurt by violence. Wove, pst. t. of weave. Wo'VEN, p. prf. Of WEAVB. * Wraith (rkthe), n. An apparition. Wran-gle (rang'gl), v, i. To dis- pute peevishly : — n. y a perverse dispute, brawl. Wran'gling, p. prs. : — «., the act of disputing angrily. Wran-gler (rang'glur), n. One who wrangles. Wrap (rap), v. t. To enclose ; to fold ; to roll together. *Wrap'ping, p. prs. Wrap-ped (rapt), p. prf. Wrap-per (rap'pur), n. A cover; a loose garment,* one who wraps. Wrath (rkth or ibth), n. Anger, fury, rage. Wrath-ful (rafA'ful or rbth'fui), a. Angry, furious, passionate. Wrath-ful-ly (ra^'fiirie or rbth r - ful v le), ad. Furiously ; pas- sionately. Wrath-less (ra^'les or xhtJi'lfe), a. Free from anger. Wrath-y {rkthlh or rbth'k), a. [wrathier — wrathiest.] Very angry. Wreak (reek), v, t. To revenge; to inflict. Wreath (reef A), n. A garland; a chaplet ; any thing twisted. Wreaths (reeTHz), n. pi. Wreathe (reeTHe), v. t. To curl, to encircle ; to interweave : — v. i., to be interwoven. Wreath'ing, p. prs. Wreath-y (reeTH'&), a. Curled; spiral. Wreck (r£k), n. Destruction ; ruin; ruins of a ship [144-15]: — v. t., to ruin; to destroy by dashing on rocks : — v. i., to suffer total loss. Wreck-er (rek'flr), n. A plun- derer of wrecked vessels. Wren (ren), n. A small bird. * Wrench (r£nsh), v. t. To pull by violence; to distort; to twist, to strain : — n., a violent twist ; a sprain; an instrument for screwing. Wrench'es, n. pi. and prs. t. 3. Wrest (rest), v. t. To twist by violence ; to extort by force ; to pervert : — n., distortion ; perver- sion. Wres-tle (res'sl), v. i. To strug- gle ; to contend ; to strive. '•Wres-tling (reV sling), p. prs. Wretch (retsh), n. A worthless person ; a knave ; a profligate. [275-9.] Wretch'es, n. pi. Wretch-ed (retsh'ed), a. Misera- ble, unhappy, despicable. Wretch-ed-ly (retsh'edle), ad. Miserably, meanly. Wretch-ed-ness (retsh'ed N nes), n. _ Misery, afflicted state. Wrig-gle (rig'gl), v. i. To move the body to and fro with a rest- less, waggling motion. [366-23.] Wrig'gling, p. prs. *Wright (rite), n. A workman, an artificer. Wring (ring), v. t. [wringed or WRUNG — WRINGED or WRUNG.] To twist ; to squeeze ; to press ; to extort; to torture: — v. i., to writhe as in anguish : — w., act of writhing ; a twist, a squeeze. *Wring-Bolt (ring'bolt), n. A bolt used by ship-carpenters. Wrink-le (ringk'kl), n. Furrow of the skin or of the face ; a fold or furrow in cloth ; any roughness : — v. t., to contract into furrows; to make uneven : — v. i., to be- come furrowed. Wrink'ling, p. prs. Wrist (ristj, n. The joint by which the hand is united to the arm. *Wrist-band (rlst'band), n. The band or fastening about the wrist. 47* Writ (rit), n. Any thing written ; Scripture ; a judicial process : — p. prf. of write. Write (rite), v. t. [wrote — writ- ten or writ.] To express by means of letters ; to impress ; to produce, as an author; to com- pose ; to engrave : — v. i., to per- form the act of writing. Wri'ting, p. prs. : — n.y a legal in- strument ; a book ; a deed ; any thing written. Wri-ter (ri'tur), n. One who writes; a scribe; a penman; an author. Writhe (riTHe), v. t. To distort ; to wrest ; to twist : — v. i., to be distorted. [83-29.] Writh'ing, p. prs. Wri-ting. See under write. Wri-ting-Mas-ter (rl'tlng x mas- tur), n. A teacher of penmanship. WRITTEN, p. prf. Of WRITE. Wrong (rdng), n. Injury, error; injustice: — a., not right; unfit; unjust ; untrue ; erroneous : — ad., amiss ; erroneously : — v. t., to injure ; to treat with injustice. Wrong-ful (r&ng'fiil), a. Injuri- ous ; unjust. Wrong-ful-ly (r&ng'fiirie), ad. With injustice. Wrong-ly (rSng'le), ad. Amiss; unjustly. Wrong-ness (r6ng'nes), n. Wrong disposition ; error. Wrote, p. prf. of write. Wroth (rkwth or rbth), a. Wrath- ful, angry, exasperated. Wrought (rawt),p*f. t. and p. prf. of work : — a., effected ; per- formed. Wrung (rung), pst. t. and p. prf, of wring. Wry (rl), a. Crooked; twisted; distorted; perverted. [173-28.] Wry-neck (rl'nek), n. A distorted neck ; a bird. *Wry-ness (rl'nes), n. State of being wry. 557 X XER Fate, far, fall, flit — me, met — pine, pin- -n6, mSve, XYS X (eks), n. The twenty-fourth letter and the eighteenth con- sonant is also a semi-vowel. The name is written Ex, and the plural Exes. As a numeral it signifies 10, being formed of two Vees (Jives), one direct and one inverted. X, though found in Saxon words, begins no word which is radically English. At the beginning of words it is pro- nounced like z. Xan-thic (zan'^Mk), a. Noting an acid named from its yellow color. Xan-thin ) , * ,,« n ^v iw ™« T ^ r (zan'Mm), n. *Xan-thine J v " A yellow dye extracted from madder. Xe-bec (z£'bek), n. A small three- masted vessel. *Xe-roph-a-gy (z£-r6f'a x j&), n. The excessive use of dry food; a regimen of the ancient athletes ; a kind of fast observed by the primitive Christians. Xiph-i-as (zif e^as), n. The sword fish. Xiph-otd (zlf'dld), a. Ensiform ; sword-shaped : — n., the inferior termination of the breast-bone. Xy-lo-graph-ic ( v zi-16-graf Ik), a. Relating to wood-engraving. *Xy-log-ra-phy (zi-16g'ra N fe), n. The art of engraving on wood. Xy-lo-plas-ty fzl-16-plas'te), n. The art of embossing in wood. *Xys-ter (zis'tur), n. A surgical instrument, used for rasping bones. YAR Y(yl), n. The twenty -fifth letter is a consonant at the begin- ning of words and syllables, and a vowel in all other situations. The name is written Wy, the plural of which is Wies. #Yacht (y6t), n. A small ship of state or pleasure. Yacht-ing (y&t'ting), n. Act of sailing in a yacht. Yam, n. An edible root, resem- bling the potato. Yan-kee (yang'ke), n. An inhab- itant of New England : — a., per- taining to New England. jgH*- Yankee is supposed to be an Indian corruption either of the word English or of the French word Anglais(kng-gW). Yard, n. An enclosed ground; a measure of length containing 3 linear feet; a measure of surface containing 9 square feet ; a measure of solidity or capacity containing 27 cubic feet; a long timber for supporting a sail. YARD-ARM(yard'arm), n. One-half of a yard for supporting a sail. Yard-stick (yard'stik), it. A stick or measure three feet in length. Yarn, n. Spun wool, flax, or cot- ton ; a lengthy story. 558 YEA Ylw, v. i. To deviate from the right course : — n., unsteady mo- tion of a ship. Yaul ) / 3 i\ f A boat be- *YawlJ^ w1 )> n '| longing tc a ship. Yawl, v. i. To cry out ; to yell : — usually written yowl. Yawn, v. i. To gape ; to open wide : — n., a gaping. [76-7.] Yawn'ing, p. prs. : — a., sleeping ; slumbering. Ye, pro. The nominative plural of thou : — see yotj. Yea (ya or ye), ad. Yes ; not only so, but more. Yea-Nay (ya/na), a. Indecisive. Yean-ling (yeen'ling), n. A lamb. Year (yeer), n. The time in which the earth revolves around the sun ; 12 calendar months. 70t* Years are either Astro- nomical or Civil. Astronomical years are sidereal or equinoctial. Civil or Calendar years are common or leap. A sidereal year contains 365d. 6h. 9' 10"; an equinoctial, tropical, or solar year contains 365d. 5h. 48' 50". A common year contains 365, and a leap-year 366, days. See STYLE. YEL Year-Book (yeer'buk), n. A book published annually. Year-ling (yeer'ling), n. An ani- mal a year old : — a., being a year old. Year-ly (yeer-'le), ad. Annually: — a., annual. Yearn (yern), v. i. To feel an earnest desire; to grieve; to vex. Yeas (yaze or ye£z), n. pi. Those who vote in the affirmative. Yeast (y^st), n. The froth of fermenting liquors, barm, leaven : also written yest. Yeast-y (yeest'e), a. [yestier — yeastiest.] Frothy. Yelk, n. The yellow part of an egg: — also written yolk. Yell, v. t. or v. i. To cry out from pain or terror : — n., a hid- eous outcry. Yel-low (yel'16), a. Of the color of gold : — n., a bright, glaring color; a primitive color. Yel-low-ish (yeTlolsh), a. Ap- proaching to yellow. Yel-low-ish-ness (yeT161sh-ne ! s), n. State of being yellowish. Yel-low-ness (yeTlc^s), n. State of being yellow. Yel-lows (yel'lc-ze), n. pi. A dis- ease of cattle and plants. YIE YOU nor, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611— p5und— *Mn, THis. YUL Yelp, v. i. To cry, as a dog. Yelp'ing, p. prs. : — n., the act of barking. *Yeo-man (y6'man), n. A man having a small estate in land; a freeholder; a farmer; an officer in the household of the sovereign of Great Britain. Yeo'men, n. pi. Ye o -man-like (yd'inan v like), a. Like or becoming a yeoman ; yeomanly. Yeo-man-ly (y6'man x le), a. Per- taining to a yeoman ; becoming a yeoman. Yeo-man-ry (y6'manVe), n. The collective body of yeomen or freeholders. [25-35.] Yerk, v. t. To throw out; to jerk: — n., a jerk. Yes, ad. Yea; a word of affirma- tion : — opposed to no. Yest. See yeast. Yes-ter (yes'tur), a. Last; being next before the present. ^^^ Yester is now seldom used except when it is compounded With DAY Or NIGHT. Yes-ter-day (yes'turMa), n. The day last past : — ad., on the day last past. Yes-ter-night (yes'tur v nlte), n. The night last past : — ad., on the night last past. Yes-ty (yes'te), a. [yestier — yestiest.] Yeasty, frothy. Yet, con. d. Nevertheless; not- withstanding (cor. c. — although, though): — ad., besides; still; at this time; once again; after all, at least; even; hitherto. *Yew (yu), n. An evergreen tree of tough wood, much used in England to ornament grave- yards: — a., made of yew; rela- ting to the yew. Yield (yeeld), v. t. To produce; to concede : — v. %., to give up ; to give way to pressure; to sub. mit : — n., product, crop. Yielding, p. prs. : — a., bending, compliant ; apt to bend or com- ply : — n., the act of bending, com- plying, producing, or giving up. Yield-ance (ye&d'anse), n. The act of producing concession. Yield-ing-ly (yeeldlngHe), ad. With compliance. Yield-ing-ness (yeeld'ing v nes), n. Disposition to yield; the quality of yielding. Y6ke, n. A bandage for the neck ; a mark of servitude; a chain; a bond; slavery; a couple : — v. t., to bind by a yoke; to couple; to put in bondage ; to restrain. Yo'king, p. prs. Yoke-Fel-low (ydke'feTlo), | Yoke-Mate (yoke'mate), J n ' A companion, a mate. *Yolk (y6ke or y61k), n. See YELK. Yon (y&n), ] a. Being at Yon-der (ySn'dur), J a distance, but within view: — ad., at a dis- tance, but within view. *Yonk-er (yungk'ur), n. A young fellow: — also written younker. Y6re, ad. Of old time, long ago. [93-19.] You (yo6), pro. The nominative and the objective plural of thou. j0sf You, except in the solemn style of speech, is used instead of thou, thee, and ye ; it is always in the plural number; but it may be either in the nominative or objective case. Young (yung), a. Being in the first part of life or growth ; not old; inexperienced; ignorant: — n., offspring of animals ; young persons collectively, youth. Young-ish (yunglsh), a. Some- what young. Young-ling (yung'ling), n. A young animal. Young-ster (yung'stur), n. A young person; ayonker; a boy. Younk-er. See yonker. Your (yS6r), pro. or a. Belong- ing to you: — a possessive and plural form of thou, used before the name of that which is pos- sessed; as, This is your house: — see her and you. 70S** Except in the solemn style of speech, your is substituted for thy, and yours for thine, but without becoming singular in number. Yours (y6Srz), pro. Belonging to you: — used after the name of that which is possessed; as, This house is yours : — see your. Your-self (y66r-self ), pro. Thy- self; thou or thee with empha- sis : — see yourselves. Your-selves (yddr-selvz'), pro. Ye or you with emphasis. 70f Yourselves and your- self are the plural forms of thyself. Yourselves expresses a plural, and Yourself a singu- lar, idea, but when used in the nominative case they both re- quire a plural verb. They are similar in use to herself, which see. Yourself is pre- ferred to Thyself, except in the solemn style. Youth (ybbth), n. The part of life which succeeds childhood; adolescence ; a young person ; a young man : — n. pi., young per- sons collectively. Youths (ybbths), n. pi. Youth-ful (yod^'iul), a. Per- taining or suitable to early life ; young, juvenile; fresh. Youth-ful-ly (ybbth'fuVlk), ad. In a youthful manner. Youth-ful-ness (y66^'ful v n§s), n. The state of youth; the quality of being young. Yowl (y6ul), v. i. To howl or cry as a dog : — also written yawl. * Yt-tri-um (it're^um), n. A metal. Yule, n. The Saxon name for Christmas. 559 ZEP ZOD Fate, far, fall, fat— me, met — pine, pin — n6, m5ve, ZYM "] f Apowder- }► (zaffur)n. J ed oxide Z(zee or z£d), n. The twenty sixth letter and last of the English Alphabet, and the twen- tieth consonant, is a semi-vowel. Its name is written Zee, and the plural Zees. Zap-fer Zap-fir *Zaf-freJ (of cobalt. Za-ny (za/ne), n. A buffoon Za'nies, n. pi. Ze-a (ze'a), n. Maize; a genus of plants. Zeal (zeel), n. Passionate ardor; earnestness. [50.] [269-14.] Zeal-ot (zel'dt), n. A person full of zeal, an enthusiast. Zeal-ot-i-cal (zel-St'e^kal), a. Very zealous. Zeal-ot-ry (z§l'dtV6), n. The be- havior of a zealot. ZEAL-ous(z§l A us),a.Fervent,ardent Zeal-ous-ly (zel'us^le), ad. With ardor, fervently. *Zeal-ous-ness (zeTus^ne's), n. State or quality of being zealous. Ze-bra (ze'bra), n. A striped quadruped of Southern Africa, of the same genus and about the same size as a horse. Ze-bu (ze'bu), n. An East Indian quadruped. Ze-chin (ze'kin or chS-keV), w. See SEQUIN. Zed-o-a-ry (z5d'6 x a-r&), n. A fragrant medicinal plant. Zem-in-dar (^m-in-dar'), n. In India, a landholder who has the privilege of underletting. Zend, n. A language formerly spoken in Persia. Ze-nith (ze'nl<& or zkn'lth), n. The point over head, opposite to the nadir. Ze-o-lite (ze'oHlte), n. A mineral found in volcanic and other rocks, #Zeph-yr (zeTur), n. The west wind ; a mild, soft wind. 560 Ze-ro (z&rb), n. The cipher [ ] ; the point from which a ther- mometer is graduated : nothing : — a., relating to the point from which a thermometer is grad- uated; pertaining to the cipher, or to nothing. Ze'roes, n. pi. Zest, n. Formerly, orange-peel used as a relish ; that which gives a relish: — v. t., to give a relish to. Ze-ta (ze'ta), n. A Greek letter; a dining-room. Zig-zag (zig'zag), n. That which has short turns : — a., having short turnings: — v. t., to form with sharp and quick turns. Zig'zag v ging, p. prs. -Zig'zagg-ed, p. prf. Zinc (zingk), n. A brittle, bluish- white metal ; spelter. 70IT* Webster proposes to write this word zink. ZlNC-IF-ER-OUS | (zi k4Wus) Zinck-if-er-ous J ^ AU S* C1 uo ; a. Yielding zinc. *Zinck-y (zlngk'£), a. Relating to, or containing, zinc. Zi-on (zl'un), n. The Church of God ; a hill in Jerusalem. Zir-co-ni-um (zfir-k6'n6Mm), n. A black, inflammable metal. *Zo-di-ac (z6'd£ x ak), n. A great zone or belt in the heavens which is divided into twelve signs, and which contains the apparent path of both sun and moon : it extends 8° or 9° on each side of the ecliptic. J0t* The twelve signs or con- stellations in the zodiac are — Aries (f&y Taurus Gemini JM? ? Cancer Leo Pisces J2« . *Zo-di-a-cal (z6-dlTkal), a. Per- taining to the zodiac, or to a light which appears in the path of the sun during the twilight of the evening and morning. Zone, n. A girdle ; a belt ; one of the five divisions of the surface of the earth formed by the trop- ics and polar circles ; that part of the surface of a circle con- tained between two parallel chords and their intercepted arcs ; that part of a sphere contained be- tween two parallel planes. Z6ned, a. Wearing a zone. Zone-less (z6ne / le : s), a. Having no zone. Zo-og-ra-pher (z6-6g / ra x fur), n. One versed in zoography. Zo-o-graph-i-cal ( N zd-6-graf'e- v kal), a. Relating to zoography. Zo-og-ra-phy (z6-6g'ra v fe), n. The description of animals. Zo-ol-a-try (z6-61'a x tre), n. The worship of animals. Zo-o-log-i-cal fz6-6-16j'e v kal), a. Relating to zoology. Zo-ol-o-gist (z6-6l'6 v jlst), n. One versed in zoology. *Zo-ol-o-gy (z6-61'6^£), n. The natural history of animals. Zo-on-o-my (z6-6n'6 x me), n. The science of animal life. *Zo-oph-a-gous (z6-6.fa v gus), a. Feeding on animals. Zo-oph-o-rus (z6-6fd v rus), n. A frieze with figures of animals carved on it. Zo-ophVri, n. pi. *Zo-o-phyte (z6'6 x flte), n. A body partaking of the nature of an ani- mal and a vegetable ; as, sponge. Zo-o-tom-i-cal fz6-6-t6rn'e v kal), a. Relating to zootomy. Zo-ot-o-mist (z6-6t'6 v mist), n. One versed in zootomy. Zo-ot-o-my (z6-6t'6 N me), n. The dissection of animals. Zy-mol-o-gy (zl-mSlWje), n. The doctrine of fermentation. SIGNIFICATION AND PRONUNCIATION MODERN GEOGRAPHICAL NAMES. The Geographical Names of this collection have been deemed worthy of attention, either because their signification can be given, or because to the American reader they may present a difficulty or obliquity in accentuation, pronunciation, or orthog- raphy. Names that can be easily and properly expressed, and names of insignificant places, or of those very seldom used in the United States, have all been omitted. In some cases the accentuation of a word is all that is worthy of note. The definitions here collected constitute the largest systematized list to be found in any text-book, and teachers will be enabled by using it to invigorate the flagging interest of those who become weary of a study which, in some of its departments, usually repels the student by a lengthy array of isolated and meaningless names. The asterisk is still used to mark words for exercises in spelling; and italic initials or names are used to localize those beside which they are placed. When a word is variously spelled, usually only the most approved form of it is inserted : if more than one are given, the asterisk marks the preferred orthography. The scheme for exhibiting pronunciation remains unchanged. Fate, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — nd, mSve, n6r, not — tube, tub, bull — 611 — p5und — thin, this. ABO Aar (ar). A stream or river. Ab-a-co (ab'a N k6). A-bad (a-bad'). House,* abode; residence. Abbe-ville, France (ab'veel). Ab-be-ville, S.C. (ab'beVH). VAb-er-deen'. The mouth of the Dee. -'•Ab-er-ga-ven-ny fab-e'r-ga'ne). Ab-o-mey (^ab-d-ma'). 2L ADR *Ab-ou-kir ('ab-S6-keer'). *A-brol-hos (a-br6l / y6se). Ab-se'cum. *\Ab-ys-sin'i\a.. Mixed people. Ac-a-pul-co ( N a-ka-p66Fk6). A-ca-ray fa-ka-ri'). A-cheen (atch-een'). A-con-ca-gua ( N a-k6n-ka'gwa). A'cre. Ac'ton. Oaktown. Ad-i-ge (ad'eje). \Ad-i-ron'dack. Ad-ri-a (a'dre^a). \Ad-ri-an-o'ple. Adrian's city. AGU x Ad-ri-at'ic. Relating to Adria. *iE-GE-AN (e-jee'an). *Af-ghan-is-tan (afgan-ls-tan'). Country of the Afghans. A-gin-court (ad'jin x k66r). A-gra (a'gra). A-gua Dul-ce (a/gwa d661'sa). Sweet water. A-gua Nue-va (a'gwa nwa'va). New water. A-gtjas Ca-li-en-tes (a'gwas ^a-le-eVte's). Hot waters or springs. *A-gul-has (a-g661'yas). A needle. 561 ANN F4te, fir, fSll, fat- AZO -m&, met — pine, pin — n&, m&ve, BEN *Aix-la-Cha-pelle faks-la v sha- peT). Aix is a corruption of the Latin aquse, waters or springs. *A-jac-ci-o (a-yat'tsh6). A-ka-ba (a'ka x ba). A pass. Ak-his-sar ( v ak-hls-sar'). White castle. Ak-shehr (ak-share'). White city. Al-a-ba-ma ( x al-a-ba'ma). Said to signify " Here we rest." Al-a-mo (al'a x m6). A poplar- tree. Al'be^marle, England. v Al-be-marle', US. ^AL-BU-QUER-QUE^al-bSS-ker'ka). Al-can-ta-ra (al-kan'ta x ra). Al-der-ney (al'der^ne). *Al-eu-ti-an (al-66'she v an). A bold rock. *Al-giers (al-jeerz ; ). From al gezira, the island. Al-la-ha-bad ( v al-lah-ha-bad'). House or abode of God. ^Al-le-gha'ny. Al-mi-ran-te ( x al-me-ran'ta). Alps (alps). Hills or mountains. Al-tai (al-ti'). The golden moun- tains. Al-ta-ma-ha (^al-ta-ma-haw'). Al'torf. Old village. Al-va-ra-do ( x al-va-ra'd6). *Am-a-tique ('am-a-teek'). AmVzon. From the Greek a, de- prived of, and madzos, the breast. J^** The Indian name, Am-as'- soVa, signifies boat-destroyer. Am-herst (am'&rst). A-moy'. Am'ster^dam. Dam or dyke of the Amstel. *An-a-huac (^an-a-wak'). n An-a-to'li x a. The rising or east. ^An-da-lu'si^a. Country of the Vandals. *An-da-man'. An'des. A Peruvian word deno- ting copper. An'doVer. *An-gle-sey } (ang'grs&). Island Angle-sea J of the Angles. *An-nap'o x lis. Anne's city. 562 An-spach (an'spak). On the brook. Ant-arc'tic. Opposite to Arctic; hence, southern. *An-tilles (an-teel'). An-tip'a^ros. Opposite to Paros. Ant'werp. At the wharf. * v Ap-pa-lach'ee. \A.p-pa x lach-i-co'la. *Ap'en v nines. Ar-a-guay C ar-a-gwl'). Ar'al. An island. Ar-chi-pel-a-go far-ke-p&'a^gd). The chief sea. Arc'tic. Relating to a bear ; hence, northern. A-re-qui-pa ( x a-ra-kee'pa). Ar'gen x tine. Argentium, silver. Ar-gyle (ar-gile'). Ar-kan'sas. Arl'berg. Eagle mountain. Ar-oos'took. Ar-tois (^ar-twa'). Ash-an'tee. \A.sh-ta-bu'la. A-si-a (a'she v a). As-ter-a-bad ( N as-ter-a-bad'). Home on the Aster. x As-tra-can'. A-ta-ca-ma fa-ta-ka'ma). ^ATCH-AF-A-LAY-AOatsh-af-a-li'a) Lost water. Ath'ens. At-lan'tic. Pertaining to Atlas, a mythological giant who sup- ported the world on his shoulders. Augs'burg. Castle of Augustus. Au-gus-tine ( x aw-gus-teen'). x Aus-tral-a'si-a. Southern Asia. Aus-tra'li x a. Southern land. Aus'tri^a. Eastern kingdom. *Au-vergne (6-vern'). A-va (a'va). A fish-pond. A-ver-no (a-veYn6). Without a bird. A-von (a'vun). A river. Az-er-bai-jan faz-er-bl-,jan'). Country of fire. Az'of. Az-ores (az'6rsoraz-6rz'). Hawks, or birds of prey. B Bal-bec 1 (bal'bek ), n. City of *Baal-bec J the Sun. Bab'el-Man'deb. Gate of tears. Ba-den (ba'den). Baths. Ba-den-wei-ler (ba'den-wi'lerj. Bath village. Ba-hi-a (ba-ee'a). A bay or harbor. Ba-hi-a Hon-da (ba-ee'a 6n'da). Deep bay. BAHR-EL-AB-i-ADfbar-Sl-a'be^ad). The white river. Bahr-el-Az-rek fbar-el-az'rek). Blue river. *Bai-kal (bi'kal). Rich lake. v Bal-e-ar'ic. The islands of this name were so called from the skill of their inhabitants in archery and slinging. {Ballo y I throw.) Ba-lize (ba-leez'). Bal-kan (bal-kan'). Bar-ba-does (bar-ba'd6z). Bas-so-ra (bas's6Va). A margin. Ba-ta'vi^a. The low plain. *Ba-ton Rouge (ba'tun r66zb/). Red stick. *Ba-yonne (ba-y&n'). Ba-you (bl'66). Outlet of a lake. Beau-fort, France (b6-f6r')« Beau-fort, N. and S.G. (bu'furt). Bed'ford. Ford near the fort. Bed-ou-in (bed'uVeen). *Beh-ring's (bee'rlngz). *Bel-ed'el-Jer-eed'. \ Land of Bel-ed'el-Jer-ip/. J dates. Bel'gi v um. Land of the Belgae. Belle-Isle ) (bel-lle'). Beautiful *Bellisle J isle. Bel'mont. Beautiful mount. *Bel-oo-chis-tan (beT66-tshls- tan'). Country of the Beloochees. Ben. Gaelic for mountain. Ben A'von. River mountain. *Ben-gue-la (ben-ga'la). Ben Lo'mond. Bare mountain. Ben More. Great mountain. BUK CHE n5r, n&t— tube, tub, bull— 611- •p5und — thin, THis. BAN Ber-es-i-na ( x ber-£z-ee'na). Birch river. Berg-en (be'rg'en). Ber-mu-da (bur-m6S'da). ) Ber-mu-das (bur-ni66'daz). j Ber'nard. Beth'el. House of God. Beth'le v hem. House of bread. *Bey-root (ba'r&6t). Blanc, Mont. White mountain. Blan'co. White. Blei-berg (bll'b^rg). Lead moun- tain. Blen-heim (bleVim). Bo-go-ta ( N b6-g6-ta'). Boj-a-dor ( v b&zh-a-d6r'). Bound. -Bo-lo-gna (b6-16ne'ya). Bom-bay'. Good harbor. *BOR-DEAUX ) (MpJ6/)> BOUR-DEAUX J v ' Borgne (b6rn). Blind of one eye. Bor-o-di-no ( N bdr-6-dee'n6). -^Bos'po^rus. ) Bos'pho v rus. J *Bou-logne (b66-16ne'). Bow-doin (b6'den). Brah'ma-poot'ra. Offspring of Brahma. Bras d'Or (bra'd6r'). Arm of gold. Bra-zil'. Brazil wood is a red wood. Brem'en, Europe. Bre'men, U.S. Bru-ges (br66'jez). Bridges. Brus'sels. From a Flemish word breecksel, a marsh. Bu-cha-rest (bu'ka y r£st). City of enjoyment. Bud-weiss (bS6d'wise). White dwelling. Bue-na-ven-tu-ra fbwa-na-vSn- t66'ra). Good undertaking. Bue-na Vis-ta (H)wa-na-veeVta). Beautiful view. *Bue-nos AY-RES( x bwa-n6s-l , rls), Good air. Bu-ko-wi-na ( x b66-k6-wee'na). Country of beech-trees. ..} Castle or fortified town. Burg. Burgh Burn. A brook or stream, Bu-ry (beVre). The same as burg, Bu-shire (b66-sheer'). Father of cities. Byz-an-ti-um (biz-an'she'um). C Caf-fra'ri x a. Country of the Caffirs, or infidels. Cagl-ia-ri (kal'yaVe). Cat-ro (kl / r6). El Kahira, the victorious. Cal-cut'ta. Temple of Cali. Cal-i-for'nla. Cal-la-o (kal-la'6). Ca-man-che. See comanche. Cam-bridge (kam'brldj). Bridge over the Cam. Camp-bell (kam'el). x Cam-po Bas'so. Low plain. Ca-na-ry (ka-na're). From cams, a dog. Can-ton'. v Car-ib-be'an. Car-lisle (kar-llle'). Carls'bad. Charles's Bath. *Carls-ruhe (karls'r&6). Charles's rest : — also written karlsruhe *Car'rick-fer'gus. Bock of Fergus. Ca-sa-le (ka-sa'la). A village. Cas-tile (kas-teel'). Ca-to-che (ka-t6'tsha). Cats'kill. Cat's creek. Cat / te x gat. Cat's hole. Cau'ca x sus. White mountains. -Cay-enne (kl-en'). Ce-cil (sis'sil). Cer-i-go (tsher^gd). *Ce-vennes ( v sa-ven'). *Cha-mou-ny (sha'mo& x ne). *Cha-teau (shat-t6'). A castle or palace. *Chau-di-ere fsh6-de-are'). *Chau-tau-que (sha-taw'kwe) •^ChesVpeake. Great saltish bay. Ches'ter. From ceaster, a forti- fied place. Chev-i-ot (tshiv'e'ut). Chi-ca-go (she-kaw'g6). From chicagowunk, the wild leek. *Chil-o-e (Hsheel-6-a'). Chim-bo-ra-zo (Hshim-b6-ra'z6). Cho-wan'. *Cin-cix-na-ti fsin-sln-na'te). *Ci-vi-ta Vec-chi-a (tshee've'ta- vek'ke'a). Old town. Co'-bi (k6'bee). Desert. Co-hock'sink. Pine lands. *Co-logne (k6-l6ne / ). A colony. CoL-o-RA-Do( N k61-6-ra'd6)Colored. *Co-man-che (k6-man / tsha). ) Co-man-ches (k6-man'tsheez). J *Con-e-maugh (k6n'e v maw). Con-nect-i-cut (kSn-net'e kut). Con^stan-ti-no'ple. City of Con- stantine. n Co-pen-ha'gen. Commercial port *Cor-dil'le x ras. Chains (applied to mountain ranges). Cor-pus Chris-ti (koi/puskris'- te). Body of Christ. x Cor-ri-en'tes. Currents. Cos-ta Ri-ca ( x kos-ta-ree'ka). Rich coast. *Cote d' Or (kote'ddr). Gold coast. *Cotes du Nord (k6te'du v n6r). Coasts of the north. Cra'ter. A cup. Croix (krwa). A cross. *Cron-stadt (kr6n'stat). King's town : — also written kronstadt. *Cu-ra-coa ( N ku-ra-s6'). ^Cyc'la x des. From cyclos, a circle. Cy-re-ne (sl-re'ne). D *Da-co'tah. i Da-ko'ta. Da-ghis-tan' (Ma-gis-tan'). The mountain country. Da-ho-mey (da'h6 x ma). Dan-bu-ry (dan'beVre). Dant'zic. Danish town. 563 DUS FIC Fate, far, fall, fat — mh, met — pine, pin — 116, m6ve, Gill Dar-da-nelles fdar-da-nSlz'). Dec'can. The south: — also writ- ten DEKKAN. Del-hi (del'lee). Del'ta. The fourth letter of the Greek Alphabet [ A ]. It is ap- plied to a district enclosed be- tween the diverging outlets of a river; as, the Delta of the Kile. Den'mark. A low country. Der-bend\ ] c , , , -r. n n . \ Shut-up gates. Der-bent'. J r ° Des-a-gua-de-ro (deVa-gwa-da'- r&). An outlet. *Des Moines (da-mdin'). De-troit / . A strait. *Deux-Ponts (diih-p&n'). Two bridges. Dev'on. *Dha-wal-a-ghi-ri (daV&l-a- geVre). White mountains. *Di-ar-be-kir (de'ar-bg-ke^r')- ] Di-ar-bekr (de-ar'bSkr). J *DrEPPE (dye'p or d&-§p'). *Dnie-per (nee'p^r). *Dnie-ster (nees't&r). Doo-ab } ( d66 ^ b ')- Two waters. Do-fra-fi-eld ) (d6'vr§-fe-^ld0. *Do-vre-fi-eld J This name is derived from Daavre, a small village of Norway, and field or fjeld, a mountain ridge. Dom-i-ni-ca ( N d6m-e-nee'ka). Doo-baunt'. Turbid water. *Dor-dogne (ddr-d6ne'). *Dra-chen-fels (dra'keVfels). Dragon's rock. *Drog-he-da (drSh'hSMa). Dub'lin. This name seems con- nected with Dabh-linn, a black pool. -Du-buque (du-bS6k'). Dul-ce (d66l'sa). Sweet. Dun-bar'. The Castle of Bar. DuN'KiRK.The church of the downs. *Du Quesne (du-kane'). Dur-ham (dur'um). Abode of wild beasts. D us'SEi/DORF.Village on theDussel 564 E The *Ec-ua-dor (^k-wa-dc-re') equator. Ed'in'burg, U.S. Ed-in-burgh, Scotland (Mln^bur- ruh). Castle of Edwin. *EH-REN-BREiT-STEiN(a / r^n-brlte / - stlne). Broad stone of honor. *Ei-sen-berg (I'zenHjgrg). Iron mountain. Ei-sen-erz (l'z§n v §rts). Iron ore. ...-,-," ' , [ Peaked mountains. -El-brooz'. j El Do-ra-do (^l-d6-ra'd6). The golden country. Elg'in. El Pa-so del Nor-te (§l-pa's6 del-n<5r'ta). The North pass. Eng-land (ing'gland). Land of the Angles. n En-i-ka'le. See yenikale. *Erz-ge-bir-ge (erts'ga-beVg'a), Ore mountains. *Erz-room'. The land of Rome. Es-kee Shehr (eVkee-share'). Old city. Es-pirVtu San'to. The Holy Spirit. *Es-qui-maux (eVke N m6). Eu-phra-tes (yu-fra'teez). To make glad. Eux-ine (yuks'in). Favorable to strangers. *Ey-e-o (i'y6). *Ey-lau (1'ldu). F Falk-land (fawk'land). *Fa-roe (fa/r6 or fa'r6 v e). *Fay-al (fl-al'). Fell. A Danish word for hill. Fer'ro. Iron isle. Fez-zan'. *FlCH-TEL-GE-BIR-GE (flk-tel-ga- b£rg'a). Pine mountains. *"FiN-is-TERRE( x fln-is-taiV). Land's end. Fi-ord (fe-6rd'). An estuary or bay. FlorVda. Flowery. *Fond' du x Lac. The bottom of the lake. *FoN-TAiNE-BLEAu( v f&n-tane-bl6). Fountain of beautiful water. For-mo'sa. Beautiful. *Fo-veaux (fo-v. I see a moun- tain, [se). *Mont-mo-ren-ci pm&nt-m6-ren'- *Mont-pel-ier, Vermont (m6nt- peel'yur). *Mont-pel-li-er, France (m&nt- pel'le%). Mont-re-al ( N m6nt-re-awlO.Mount Royal. Mo-re'a. Mulberry. •*Mo-roc'co. ) Ma-roc'co. J Mos-cow (m6s'k6). *Mo-selle (m6-zel'). Mo'sul. *Mo-zam-bique ( x md-zam-be£k'). Mu-la-ha-cen (mdd'la-a-tfAen'). Mu-nich (mu'nik). Mus-cat'. Mus-ca-tine fmus-ka-te^n'). Mus-co-gee (mus-k6'ge). Mus'coVy. My-sore (ml-s6re'). [elin. * n Myt-i-le'ne : — also written met- N x Nag-poor'. Town of serpents. Na-hant'. * Nan-kin'. Southern capital. Nan-ling'. Southern mountain chain. Nantes (nants). Na'ples. New city. * n Nar-ra-gan'sett. Na-tal (na-tal'). Nativity. *Nau-voo'. Nav-a-ri-no fnav~a-ree'n6). Naze. A nose ; a cape. Ne-bras'ka. Flat water. *NEDS'JED. ] m, ,r tl , Ne'gro. Black. Neth'er v lands. Low countries. *Neuf-cha-tel ( x nu-sha-teT). New castle. New-found-land (nu'fund N land) New Or'le x ans. Nga-mi (ga'me). Ni-ag'a x ra. The thunder of waters. *Nic-ar-a-gua fnik-ar-a'gwa). Ni-ger (ni'je'r). Black. Niph-on'. N6r. A lake. Nor'folk. North people. Nor-thum'ber x land. Land north of the Humber. Nor-wich (nftr'rldge). North town. Not'ting n ham. Cave-home. No-va Sco-ti-a (n6'va sk6'she x a). New Scotland. No'va Zem'bla. New land. n Nov-go-rod'. New city. *Nue-ces (nwa's&s). *Oa-hu (woh'hSS). *Oa-xa-ca (wa-ha'ka). O-CE-AN-i-CA ( x d-she-an'e N ka). O-CHOTSK } /i i *. v/x Oc-mul-gee (Sk-mul'ge). O-co'nee. O-DES'SA. *Oe-land (ee'lund). *Oe-sel (ee'sel). Oet-ting-en (St'tlng^n). Ogl-io (61'y6). 0-m'o. The beautiful river. "^O-ke-cho'bee. * x O-ke-fin-o'kee. Ql'den^burg. Om'a v haw. *0-nei-da (d-ni'da). On-ta'ri n o. How beautiful the view. O-por'to. The port. Or-chil-la (dr-tsheel'ya). Or-fui (6r-fwee'). * a Or-i-no'co. Coiled serpent. Ork-neys (drk'neez). Or'lexans. Or-te-gal pdr-ta-gal'). O-sa-ca (6-sa'ka). O-sage'. 567 PEP PITE Fite, far, fall, fat — me, me't — pine, pin — n&, m5ve, RIG * v Os-ce-o'la. Os-tend'. *0-ta-hei-te ( x 6-ta-hi'te). Now written tahiti. Ot-ta-wa (6t'taVa). Oude (66d). Ou-den-ar-de (Mu-den-ar'de). Old land : — also written audenarde. *0-why-hee (6-wi'hee) : — usually written Hawaii. Ox'ford. Ford for oxen. O-zark'. Pa-cif'ic. Peaceful. PadVa. * v Pal- a- wan'. 'Pal-em-bang'. *Pa-len-que (pa-leVka). Pa-lo Al-to (pa'16 al'to). Pam'pas. Treeless plain. Pan-a-ma (^pan-a-ma'). Pa-pu-a (pa'p66 v a). Frizzled hair. Pa-ra (pa-ra'). Par-a-guay (^par-a-gwl'). Great river. Pa-ra-i-ba ( v pa-ra-^ba). Par-a-na ( v par-a-na'). Par'is. Pa-so del Nor-te (pa's6 del n6r'- ta). North pass. Pas-sa-ro (pas'saV6). x Pat-a-go'ni v a. Land of large feet. *Pa-vi-a (pa-vee'a). Paz, La (la paz). Peace. Pe-gu (pe-gS6'). *Pei Ho (pa' h6'). White river. *Pe-i-pus (pa'e'p66se). Pe-king'. j Nortnern capital. Pe-ling (pa-ling 7 ). Northern moun- tain chain. Pe-xin'su x la. Almost an island. * v Penn-syl-va'ni v a. The groves of Penn. Pep-in (pip'ln). A kernel of an apple : a grape-seed. 5G8 Per-di-do (p^r-dee'<16). Per-nam-bu-co ( v p§r-nam-b66'k6). Pe-ro-te (pa-r6'ta). Per-si-a (peVshe v a). *Pesh-awer (pe'sh'dur). The ad- vanced post. *Pesth (p£st). x Phil-a-del'phia. Brotherly love. Pi-co (pee'k6). The peak. *Pied-mont (peed'm6nt). The foot of the mountain. *Pieds Noir (p£-a' nwar). Black feet. *Pil-co-may-o fpil-ko-ml'o.) Pi-sa (pe£'za). * Plaque-mine (plak-m^en'). Pla-ta, Ri-o de la (r^e'oMel a pla'ta). River of silver. Plym-outh (pllm'iM). POIC-TIERSl 6{ , m l} ^Poi-TIERS j v ^ ' Po'land. Flat land. *Pol-yn-e-si-a ( N p61-in-ee'she x a). Many islands. *Pom-pei-i (poin-pa'y£). Pon-di-cher-ry ( v pon-de-sher're). * v Pont-char-train'. Po-pay-an ( v p6-pi-an'). * x Po-po x cat-a-petl'. Smoking mountain. Port-atj-Prince ( v p6rt-6-prinse'). *Por'to Bel'lo. Beautiful har- bor. Por-to Ri-co (p6r'td ree'k6). Rich port. Por'to Se-gu'ro. Safe port. Portugal. Port of the Gauls. Po-to-si ( x p6-t6-see' or p6-t6'se). *Pough-keep-sie (p6-kip / s^). x Pow-hat-an'. The river of abundance. *Prai-rie (pra'r£). A meadow. *Prai-rie du Chi-en (pra're du she-an'). Dog meadow. Pray-a (prl'a). PRUs-si-A(pr66'sh^ v a or prtlsh'e^a). *Pueb-la (pweb'la). A town or city. *Puer-to Prin-ci-pe (pwer't6 prln'se v pa). The prince's port. Pu-lo Pi-nang (p66'16 pe-nang'). Island of areca-trees. Pun-jaub'. Five rivers. Pu-tu-may-o ( v p66-t66-ml'6). *Pyr-en-ees (plr'eVe^z). Q Qua-loe (kwa'16). Que-bec (kwe-beV). A narrow- ing. *Quer-e-ta-ro (ke ! r-a'taV&). *Qui-bo (kee'b6). *Quil-i-ma-ne ( v kee-16-ma'na). Qui-lo-a (kee'16 v a). Qui Parle (keeparl'). Who speaks. Q[ji-to (kee't6). E Ra-cine (ras-s£en'). Root. Rack (rak). A passage of sudden bendings. *Ra-leigh (raw'le). Ran-goon (rang-gd&n'). a Rap-pa-han'nock. Where wa- ter ebbs and flows. Ras. A cape or headland. *Ras al Kroon. Cape Horn. Read-ing (r^d'ing). *Reg-gio (reM'jd). Rei-ki-a-vik (rl'ke-aVik). Steam- town. Rei-no-sa (ra-no'sa). Rens-sel-aer (ren'seT^r). -Re-sa-ca de la Pal-ma (ra-sa'- ka del a pal'ma). *Rey-es (ra'e's). Kings. *Rheims (reemz). *Rhein-thal (rlne'taal). Valley of the Rhine. *Rich-el-ieu (Veesh-uh-lu'). *Rie-sen-ge-bir-ge (ree'zen-ga- be'rg'a). Great mountains. Ri-ga (re£'ga). Rig'o v let. A small channel. SAL SCH nor, nSt— tube, t&b, bill— 611- -p5i\nd — thin, THis. SLA *Ri-o del Nor-te (r6'6 dfil n6r'- ta). River of the north. Ri-o Fri-o (re'6 free'6). Cold river. Ri-o Gran-de (re'6 gran'da). Great river. *Ri-o Ja-nei-ro (re'6 ja-na'r6). River of January. Ri-o Ne-gro (re'6 na'gr6). Black river. Ri-o Ver-de (r6'6 veVda). Green river. Riv-o-li (rlv'6 v l6). *Ro-an-oke'. Roch-dale (r6tsh'd§l). *Roche-fort (r6tsh'furt). Strong rock or fortress. *Ro-chelle (r6-shel'). Roch'es n ter. Rock'ing v ham (r&k'lng^um). Ro-ma-gna (r6-man'ya). Ro-ma-ni-a (r6-ma'ne v a). Ron-ces-val-les (^n-s^-val'lSs). Room-Elee. ) Roo-me'li n a. j Roque, St. (roke). Rou-en (r66'en). Rox-bu-ry (r&ks'beVre). Ru-gen (ru'ge'n). Rus-si-a (rSd'she^a or rush'e^a). *Rys-wick (riz'wlk). S Sa-bine (sa-b36n'). Sack-a-too ( v sak-ka-t66'). Sa-co (saw'k6). *Sa-gha-li-en fsa-ga-l&'e'n or N sa- ga-le^n') : — also written sakha- lien. v Sag-in-aw'. Sagu-e-nay fsag-e'-na' or sag-na'), Sa-ha-ra (sa-h&'ra or sa'haVa), The desert. Sai-gon (sl-g&n'). *Saint Croix (krwa). Sa-la-do (sa-la'd6). Salted. Austria. Sa-li-na (sa-16'na). A salt work or salt pool. Sal-is-bu-ry (sawlz'beVre). Sal-o-ni-ca ( y sal-6-ne'ka). Sal-til-lo (sal-teel'y6). Saltz'burg, Pennsylvania. Salt castle. *Salz'burg. ) Saltz'burg. J Sal-va-dor (\sal-va-d6re'). Sa- vior. Sal-wen'. \ Sal-win'. J n Sam-ar-cand'. qfMT"™ 1 0«4m-a-y«