-^^0^ 0' .'••% "^ ^. "hV" ^r' ,v ,H C) *^, y'% 'MWs /\ ^.. . v-^^ - . • • .-^o. ^^-^^^ •r' ^ ^■^^s- vT b -^0^ ^^'^eo "oK ^^-^^^ 'Ao^ 4 o % .1 '} LT.-COL. ELMER P. WALSER Final Commanding Officer of the Train Respected and loved by the Regiment HISTORY OF THE 304™ AMMUNITION TRAIN BY ERNEST L. LOOMIS CHAPLAIN BOSTON RICHARD G. BADGER THE GORHAM PRESS COPYEIGHT, 1920, BY RiCHARD G. BaDGER All Rights Reserved . L b M 19 1920 Made in the United States of America The Gorham Press, Boston, U. S. A., 1A571364 FOREWORD BY the publication of this book there is recorded the life story of one of our C'ountry's regiments in the Great War. The regiment was born out of the travail of the country's need in the crisis of 1917. It lived to be less than two years old but it proved a sturdy youngster, never- theless, as fine as any of Uncle Sam's regiments. Its record is clean and honorable. It did everything it was asked to do, and then more. It was commended on several occasions by the Commanding General of the Division. This story is sent forth to those who served in its ranks, and to the public it strove loyally to serve in the hour of need. The author was privileged to serve as the Chaplain of the regiment during the entire course of its overseas history, and prizes the memories of those days so deeply, that it is his wish to perpetuate the deeds and associations of the regiment through the coming years. The author would acknowledge his indebtedness to the Company Clerks who carefully made out the rosters, to Capt. David C. Gibson for the story of Camp Meade Days given in Chapter III, to Capt. Parker R. Skinner for the intimate story of the Three Companies at the Front given in Chapter IV and the story of Co. G, and to Capt. Walter L. Hitt for furnishing the facts concerning the organiza- tion of the Train. He is indebted also to those who pre- pared the other company stories, Corp. Chas. W. Yocum of Co. A, Sgt. Paul Wechsler of Co. B, Corp. Wm. Hand- schumacher of Co. C, Sgt. Wm. T. Warren of Co. D, Sgt. 3 4 Foreword Fred E. Talbot and Sgt. Gideon C. Burton of Co. E, Sgt. Jas. P. Friel of Co. F, Sgt. Mjr. John J. Gallagher of Train Hdqrs., Sgt. Mjr. R. B. Cook, Jr., of Motor Bn. Hdqrs., Sup. Sgt. Chas. E. Schmidt of Horsed Bn. Hdqrs., Pvt. J. L. Handy of the Sanitary Detachment, Capt. Roger C, Bowlus of the Ordnance Detachment, and Corp. Alphonse J. Remmell for the use of his sketch. The author while revising and correcting each company story has endeavored to retain the original as far as pos- sible. Every effort has been made to make the book accurate in dates and statements of facts and it is believed that if any errors are found they will be only in unimportant de- tails. Ernest L. Loomis. Milford, Mass., March 15, 1920. CONTENTS CHAPT£B PAQB I. The Die Is Cast 11 II. The Organization of the 304th Train 15 III. Camp Meade Days 20 IV. On to France 29 V. In Training with the Artillery 40 VI. The Three Companies at the Front 48 VII. The Whole Regiment at the Front 54 VIII. Apres La Guerre 63 IX. Home Again 73 X. Company A 80 XI. Company B 86 XII. Company C 105 XIII. Company D 113 XIV. Company E 121 XV. "Galloping F" 130 XVI. Company G 140 XVII. Train Headquarters 147 XVIII. Headquarters Detachment, Motor Battalion .... 165 XIX. Sanitary Detachment 170 XX. Headquarters Detachment Horsed Battalion .... 178 XXI. Ordnance Detachment 182 XXII. Rosters 184 LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Lt.-Col. Elmer P. Walseb Frontispiece f FACING PAGE Capt. John D. Fearhake 16 ' Major Vincent A. Carroll 16 ' Col. Walter E. Prosser 32 Major Edwin M. Van VooRHEES 32 Lt.-Col. H. J. McKenney 32 Chaplain Ernest L. Loomis 32 ' Train Headquarters at Thierville 50 ' Chaplain E. L. Loomis Conducting Religious Services on Boat Com- ing Home 50 ' Shack Opposite Dugny 50 ' Verdun Showing the Meuse River 50 View of Camp at Souilly Looking Towards Division Headquarters . 70 Last Home in France 70 ' U.S. Transport "Shoshone" Leaving France for Home .... 70 ^ Company B 88 Company C 88 Co. D on the Hike to Ecurey 114 - Co. D's Kitchen, Death Valley 114 Detail Building Shack, Death Valley, P. C, Co. D 114 Detail, Schwab, Carr AND Others Building Shack 114 Co. D's Camp "in the Mud" IN Death Valley 114 Lts. NiMMO and Stephenson IN Front OF Dugout, Death Valley . . 114 Company A Between pp. 130 anrf 131 Company E Between pp. 130 and 131 - "Galloping F" Between pp. \?iQ and \2\ Company G , Between pp. 130 and 131 Train Headquarters Detachment with Officers 150 Headquarters Detachment Motor Battalion 150 Sanitary Detachment . 170 Company D 170 The Officers of the Ammunition Train 180 Headquarters Detachment Horsed Battalion 180 HISTORY OF THE 304TH AMMUNITION TRAIN HISTORY OF THE 304th AMMUNITION TRAIN CHAPTER I THE DIE IS CAST . America Enters the War WHEN on that fateful day in July, 1914, the world was stunned with the news of the declaration of war by Germany against Russia, followed quickly by similar ac- tion against France, few grasped the full significance of the measure nor the maelstrom of war and bloodshed that was to follow. Even when England went into the war there were still many who prated of peace and dreamed of an early settlement. Experts said that the war could not last more than six months because of its drain on the finances and man power of the countries involved. But as the months dragged on country after country entered the struggle. The months wore into years and America remained the only great nation not involved. Pacifists and others refused to believe that the war would ever touch America and strove earnestly to keep her out of it. Congress persistently voted down inca*eased appropriations for the improvement of our mili- tary and naval forces. All of the resources of the under- handed German propaganda machine were utilized night and day to prevent American intervention. But at last the in- evitable day arrived. 11 12 History of the SOIf,th Ammwnition Tram For two years and a half America had stood as a spec- tator of the Tragedy of Europe. She had seen neutral Belgium raped and burned, she had listed to the wail of abused women and children, she had beheld the wanton de- struction of monuments of art and learning, she had wit- nessed the enslaving of civil populations, she had seen solemn conventions ignored and sacred treaties cast to the four winds as mere scraps of paper. Little by little public senti- ment changed, the voices of the pacifists and the German sympathizers became drowned in the rising tide of national indignation and the clamor for justice. Peace came to seem a thing of dishonor as in a time when a man sees a thug and murderer at work and turns away with a shrug of the shoulders saying that it is not his business. Then Germany launched her program of ruthless sub- marine warfare. Zones were marked out surrounding Eng- land, Belgium and France. Germany notified the world that all ships found in those zones would be sunk without warn- ing, regardless of their nationality or contents. Arrogant Germany, reeking with the blood of her victims, and obsessed with her dream of world empire, flung her crowning insult into the faces of the few nations still striving to maintain neutrality. With one sweep of the pen she cut away from all convention and her solemnly pledged word and started upon her program of piracy. Little did she realize then the gathering thundercloud and the fearful consequences that she must face. She believed that her minions had so poi- soned and warped the mind of America that there would be no interference. She laughed in her sleeve to think of those contemptible Americans who saw visions of universal peace and the brotherhood of man and who gathered a golden har- vest of dollars from the nations at war. Yes, America was dreaming. She could not credit the motives of a nation The Die is Cast 18 without conscience or principle. For two years and a half she had sought to deal with the reeking criminal in the manner of honorable men. She had waited, she had tried to reason, but she learned that the nation with which she dealt knew no honor, smiled in the face and stabbed treach- erously in the back. It was clear that there was only one language Germany knew and America must speak that lan- guage if the principles and ideals of American life and civilization were to continue. America must choose. She must either renounce her honor, her high principles and her right to the respect of posterity or she must fight. There was no hesitation when the issue was understood. The struggle might take her life's blood, it might leave her crippled and torn, but fight she must. It was clear that the two diverse principles of America and Germany could not continue to exist, one must perish or the other. The die was cast. In his room in the White House at Washington, for long liours the president thought the question through. His vigils were lonely. The choice was fraught with conse- quences which would affect the lives of thousands, yes mil- lions. What should he say.'' In response to the call for convention the members of Congress sped from far-away homes to meet in solemn assembly and decide the destiny of the nation. On the 2nd of April, 1917, they met and organized for conference. Before them stood on the fol- lowing day the form of the man who had sought to lead the nation aright during those troublous years of heart- ache and agony. With blanched faces and squared shoul- ders they heard his message as he recounted the steps which had been taken to deal honorably with Germany and their failure. Solemnly he advised the nation to cast the die, to take the only remaining course, consistent with honor. 14 History of the 304-th Ammunition Train Quickly they formed for action. The deliberations lasted into the night as the country waited for the answer; then it came, clear cut and decisive. The die was cast, America was in the war. Henceforth Germany must listen to the language of American bullets and bayonets. The decision reached, all the mighty resources of the na- tion were mobilized for the titanic struggle. Everything must be developed from the start, little was ready. It was pioneer work of the truest nature. Cantonments must be built, the organization of the new army planned, clothing, arms, ammunition and supplies provided, arrangements made for transporting and maintaining a great army three thousand miles away from its home base, the greatest feat ever undertaken. Mistakes were made as was inevitable, but almost as by magic the difficulties were faced and solved and American forces began to move in ever-increasing vol- ume across the Atlantic. The stream grew greater as the months rolled on and sounded the death knell to German hopes and dreams of world conquest. America's share in the war is now a matter of history, as well as the final crash of the German forces culminating in the historic armistice of November 11th, 1918. It is not the purpose of this story to give the history of the total American participa- tion, but rather to narrate the story of one unit that shared in the task and its victory. This is the tale of the 304th Ammunition Train of the 79th Division and is written with a two-fold purpose, both to record for coming generations the events connected with the development and deeds of this regiment and to perpetuate in civil life the associations formed during those months here and "over there." CHAPTER II THE ORGANIZATION OF THE 304i^ji^ COMPANY A, CAPT. GEORGE M. CANNON, Commanding COMPANY E, CAPT. K. L. BELT. Commanding "GALLOPING F," LT. WILLIAM F. HALLSTEAD, Commanding COMPANY G, CAPT. THOMAS H. NIMICK, Commanding. Later commanded by Capt. Parker H. SKI^ iMM'G^ Company F. 131 of the squad and tlie purpose of the squad itself and its relation to the entire company. Then came the Manual of the Rifle, which at first seemed intricate but was speedily mastered. (The men remember now with amusement their first rifle, which was nothing more than a stick or pole five feet long manufactured by themselves, with axes and hatchets, from a forest of brushwood.) The mystery of transmitting messages or signalling over long distances was then taken up and mastered. This proved the hardest of all the lessons to learn and often made the officers feel dis- couraged in the two long months which elapsed before each man had mastered the art. After the men had become suf- ficiently advanced in squad, platoon, and company drill, rifles were issued and then came many lectures and cautions about how to take care of, clean and handle the rifle. The names and function of each part of the rifle was learned ; the size of the bullet, its trajectory, the eff'ect of wind and heat on the course of the bullet and the eff'ect of sunshine and shadow on the target. Bayonets were issued and the men drilled in their use. The proper method of attacking an antagonist or defending oneself was explained and gone through minutely. (You will recall with a smile tlie jump- ing jack activities of our little skipper in his "advance," "retire," "left step," "right step," etc.) That the men might better know how to handle the rifle, the company spent a week on the rifle range, located some four miles below camp. Many of the men made good records. The com- pany marched down and back each day through snow and slush up to the knees and a change of clothing was necessary each night. It is the company's proud boast that not once during those trying marches was it ever passed on the road by another company or detachment and it was a good com- pany indeed who having a mile start on us reached camp 132 History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train or rifle range ahead of us. It was during our early training that the company won for itself the sobriquet of "GAL- LOPING F," due to the fact that the company when going any place was always on the "double-time" and when on long marches it traveled at a pace that was maddening. But the running and galloping never ceased and on down through the trying months of its existence the company was ever on the go with snap, vim, and vigor. The company early established a good record for moral conduct and for long periods of time there would not be a single case of a man Absent Without Leave (A. W. O. L.) nor any breach of military discipline which would cast dis- credit on the organization. The physical health of the men was good and at all times they were capable of measuring up to the demands placed upon them. One of the most trying periods of the company in its early months was its eighteen day quarantine for measles, during which period no man was allowed out of barracks and communication with any friends in other companies was absolutely forbidden. The quarantine was during De- cember and the eighteenth day was not up until the day after Christmas. As a special pass was authorized for the Xmas holidays, the officers and doctor made every en- deavor to have the quarantine lifted in order that the men might avail themselves of the privilege, but it was of no use. That Xmas might not pass over without some of the joys of the season, an elaborate dinner was planned and served and our dining hall richly decorated. In the midst of our festivities the Train Adjutant came in and expressed his sorrow that the men were unable to get home and praised them highly for their spirit and bearing during such a try- ing circumstance and pointed out that our American com- rades in the trenches in France were perhaps not making Company F. 133 out as well as we. (It is interesting to note that our dinner served at the same time just one year afterward consisted of bully beef and potatoes, bread without butter and coffee without milk or sugar.) During the first of January the company received some horses and was not long in receiving its full quota. Then came new training and work. Details were sent to the stables to put them in order. Corrals were made. Each horse was stamped and numbered. His height and approxi- mate weight were taken and his age. Many of the men lived on farms in civil life and these were utilized in making the horse records, and many an interesting argument arose as to how old a horse was. Some horses it seemed ranged from three to fifteen years old. Soon after this harness was re- ceived and a few caissons. The horses were then paired off into teams and then assigned to different sections. Saddle mounts were picked for the individually mounted men. The company was then ready to start on its new era of train- ing. The formation of the company was changed from Infantry to Artillery. The men were assigned to their proper sections and a sergeant appointed to take charge of that section. To him was charged all the horses and material in that section. Immediately after the receipt of the horses, elementary principles of horsemanship were taken up. First lectures on the care and handling of the animals and then a slight study of their anatomy. The horses were then taken out for exercise, one to a man, and led around a large ring, till the men became accustomed to the handling of a horse. Each man then took two horses in the same manner. Next the first lessons in riding were given ; the proper way to mount, the proper way to sit on a horse, the proper way to ride, how to start and stop a horse without "clucking" 134 History of the SOJ^th Ammunition Train or speaking and how to get your horse out of the column without disturbing every horse in the column. Next the men were instructed in driving a pair of horses and in the elementary drills of Field Artillery. Then horses were har- nessed and coupled to the caissons and the late spring and early summer saw the company doing the interesting drills of Field Artiller}' like regular veterans. That the company mastered the principles of horsemanship and indeed excelled in the art is proved by the fact that they were going through their Caisson Drills at a fast trot and sometimes at a dead gallop, without ever mar or mishap, and when you consider the fact that a misreading of an arm signal might mean a crash and perhaps the permanent injury of several men, it shows how accomplished they were in their drills. Only two injuries are on record, one a broken leg and the other a crushed foot. When the company was proficient in the handling of horses, tactical problems and marches were taken up under the supervision of the Battalion Commander. One and two day marches were made through the country and camp pitched somewhere along the beautiful Severn River. Dur- ing these marches the men learned the duties of the Advance Cavalry, Point, Advance and Rear Guards, Flank Guards. Outposts, Scouting Parties, Foraging Parties, Harassing Parties, etc. The Company was also instructed how to pre- pare meals in the field (each man cooking his own meals). In the early part of the summer the company began mak- ing preparations for its journey overseas. Equipment was checked and rechecked. Each man was rigged out com- plete. Horses were clipped, "deloused" and turned in. Har- ness was stenciled and packed. Caissons were turned in. The Garrison was policed and polished, and on July 14th, 1918, at seven o'clock in the morning, the company en- Compcmy F. 135 trained for their long journey overseas. The History of the Company in the Theatre of Opera- tions and its journey on the sea is covered in Part I of this book, but a few special incidents are worthy of note here. While in the training areas behind the lines the personnel of the company were allowed pass privileges in the evening after drill periods and on Saturday afternoons and Sun- days. On these passes the men would travel to nearby towns and see everything of interest, and enjoy themselves immensely in a good French hotel, eating the food that was procurable in that particular section and partaking of French light wines and beers. While at La Courtine the Regimental Commander allowed the use of our trucks on Sundays to haul the men to towns that were beyond walk- ing distance. The Company had many long marches while in action, but the longest and most exacting, on the courage, vitality and spirit of the men, took place the night of our actually entering into the zone of fire. The regiment was stationed at Balleicourt woods near Fbrt Sartelles, and about noon, November 1st, the company was ordered to be ready to move at four o'clock in the afternoon. Accordingly at four o'clock the company was lined up on the road running along the edge of woods, but it was not until six-thirty that we actually moved out. After walking two hours we stopped at Thierville for supper and then proceeded on our way to the front. Upon getting close to the lines the steady whine and burst of shrapnel and high explosive shells gave us our first experience of conflict. Everyone conceded that the projectiles were from tlie Allied batteries, but upon attempt- ing to cross over the top of a hill we were suddenly brought into vivid realization of the fact that some of them were German, two or three shells bursting in quick succession 136 History of the SOJ^tli Ammunition Train over the center of the road and not over one hundred and fifty yards ahead of us. An M. P. stationed half way up this hill ducked his head out of a dugout and advised us that it was very dangerous to march a company of men over the top of the hill and suggested that we retrace our steps to the bottom of the iiill and we would find a road that ran off to the left and wound around the hill. He explained that it was a little longer that way, but much safer. After inquiring about tlie condition of the road he suggested and a few other things pertaining to the march, we took his advice and after marcliing all night (until four o'clock in the morning) we reached our camp on the banks of the Meuse river near Brabant. Immediately upon reach- ing our camp at Brabant we ran into a gas attack and had our first experience of putting our masks on for the real goods. We spread our blankets in shell holes and about four- thirty laid down to sleep. But our sleep was short. In the valley right below us was a battery of heavy French guns and about six o'clock they went off with such a terrible noise that we all jumped up, thinking the whole Boche army was around us. Breakfast was made ready and shovels ob- tained from some engineers near us. We then used the rest of the day to "dig ourselves in," in other words to make small dugouts on the side of the hill big enough to hold two or three men. These were to be our home for the rest of our stay at the front. Early the next morning we took up the task assigned us, which was to help the engineers to keep the roads open so that travel could proceed to and from the front. While living on the side of the hill we were subjected to two shell attacks, but no one was injured. One of the men still has a souvenir in the shape of a small fragment of shrapnel which came through the top of his dugout. While here we assisted the Divisional Chaplain in Company F. 137 burying the dead after the attacks in and around Etraye. The work consisted of scouting around the battle ground and picking up our fallen infantry comrades who had given their life for the cause and seeing that they got a decent burial in a Military Cemetery. On November 11th, about nine days after our activities commenced, the armistice over- took us. We were working along the crest of a hill with the fog so thick that one couldn't see more than fifty feet on either side, when an automobile came along bearing a Major, who stopped and told us that the good rumors we had heard in the last few days were true, that hostilities would cease at eleven o'clock (it was then ten), and asked us to be very careful of the telephone wires which were running along the ground a little off the road from us. He ex- plained that it was the direct communication to the front and it was very important to keep it open at this critical time. The night of November 11th was unlike any other night at the front. Previous to this time there was no noise or lights except that made or used by the combatting troops. Everything behind the lines was in inky darkness. But on this night laughing and talking prevailed and the whole landscape as far as one could see was lit up by flares, torches, and fires and the important passages and I'oads, which were previously so jealously guarded, were this night thrown open and revealed. It looked like a mammoth Fourth of July celebration. When the Regiment came from Souilly to Andelot the Company was split in two, one part being conveyed to Ande- lot in trucks which was accomplished in about six hours on a nice sunny day ; the other part of the company travelled with our horse equipment, kitchen, etc., and were not so fortunate. They were on the road three days in a driving 138 History of the 304-th Ammunition Train snow and sleet storm and reached camp practically ex- hausted, but after a day's rest everybody felt all right again. The mess (or meals) of Company F was so good that the author thinks it should be set down in this history. During the Companj^'s stay in Camp Meade it amassed quite a con- siderable mess fund and with an intimate co-operation be- tween the officers and the Mess Sergeant, this fund was used to furnish the company with something more than "bully-beef" during its stay in France. Our meals were so good that the reputation of them spread not only through our own regiment but was known ^nd marvelled at by all organizations that were stationed near us. Pies, cakes, puddings, salads, dressings, ham and eggs, butter and jam, in fact anything that a man could wish for, was the order of the day in Company "F" mess hall. The following is a list of Officers and Non-commissioned Officers who have piloted the Company through the various stages of its existence. They follow in the order in which they served: Captain Harvey Christman Mario Lazo Robert W. Cress- well First Lieutenant Second Lieutenant George S. Smith Ernest M. Hurd Sowden Edwin N. Dela- hurst Daniel R. Ross William F. Hall- stead Ralph M. Robin- son Company F. 139 First Sergeant Mess Sergt eant Supply Sergeant Earl W. Brooks Lelland S. Gillete Earle W. Brooks (acting) Thomas King William Chapman (acting) Karl Fueller John Plunkett (acting) John Ross Richard Dickin- (acting) Clifford J. Conard John S . Wollard son John Ross Joseph Dold Charles A. Fried- rich Stable Sergeant Company Clerk John Eckels (act- James P. Friel ing) Earl W. Brooks (acting) John J. Gould Sidney Klein COMPANY G IT is wrong to expect an impartial history of a military company to be written by one who serves with it. The writer of this sketch was a member of Co. G from the day it was formed in September, 1917, until it passed out of existence in June, 1919. He went through those weari- some days of "squads east and squads west" at Camp Meade. He was present when the fires were built to thaw the ground that post holes could be dug for the building of the corrals during the winter of 1917-18. He assisted in chasing the mules over eastern Maryland the day after they broke out of the corral. He served with the company in France during the days of its active service, and shared the hardships which such work involved. He was with the company during that period of "watchful waiting" for or- ders to return to America. The writer therefore must be forgiven if he is too ardent in his praise, for his heart is where his work used to be. The company was organized late in September, 1917, under the command of Capt. G. M. Cannon, assisted by 2nd Lt. Parker R. Skinner. Several weeks later Capt. Can- non was made Train Supply Officer and the company was placed under the command of Capt. Austin, who was at that time attached to the Train. The other officers of the com- pany at this time were Lieutenants Gault, Smith, and Skin- ner. Capt. Austin and Lieutenants Gault and Smith were finally sent back to the Depot Brigade and First Lieut. R. B. Cresswell was placed in command. Lt. Cresswell was 140 Company G. 141 later promoted to captain and given command of Co. F. Co. G was finally organized permanently during the winter of 1917-18. Capt^ Nimick became the company commander and the other officers were First Lt. Parker R. Skinner and Second Lt. John F. Choate. This was the officer personnel of the company until Sept., 1918, when Capt. Nimick was evacuated to the hospital with Influenza and Lt. Skinner took command. Lt. Choate was made adjutant of the Motor Battalion in the Spring of 1919 and First Lt. Daniel L. Ross and Second Lt. John A. Ruth were assigned to the company. The first men in the company were from the neighborhood of Chester, Pa., and were very largely of foreign birth. This made the preliminary training of tliese men rather difficult, but many of these same men later developed into excellent soldiers. Noteworthy examples were Mess Sgt. Benedetto Provenzano and Sgt. Feofan Negoda. On Sept. 5th a large number of recruits were assigaied to the com- pany from southeastern Pennsylvania. Taken as a whole this was a fine body of men and the nucleus of the organiza- tion had now been obtained. In November new men came in from the same section and the company was nearly brought up to its authorized strength. When the time came to sail for France excellent replacements were assigned to the company from New York and from several of the south- ern states. During the early days of the company, Sgt. Rhys Car- penter acted as First Sergeant. Sgt. Carpenter had been an instructor of modern languages at Bryn Mawr College and, being an expert linguist, his services during those early days were most valuable. Later Sgt. Carpenter was com- missioned in the Intelligence Department and Sgt. Owen McNutt was made First Sergeant. The fact that he was 142 ] History of the 30Jf.t}i Ammunition Train serving in this capacity at the time of demobilization is ample proof of the excellent character of liis services. The Fall of 1917 was largely spent in preliminary drills. The monotonous "One, two, three, four" sounded over the drill field each day from early morning until evening. The men were being prepared to undergo the rough life in store for them, but it was rather hard to realize it at that time. In December, 1917, the company drew the major part of its mobile equipment, including 156 mules and 48 horses, and its members became "mule-skinners" in truth. In place of such commands as "Squads right" and "Double Time March," one could hear such as these: "Stand to heel," "Commence grooming," etc. Is there anyone who was with the company at that time who has forgotten the building of the corrals when the ground was as hard as a rock and fires had to be built to thaw the ground before the post holes could be dug.'' It was at this time also that many funny exploits of horsemanship took place. Then came the well- remembered night when the mules broke out of the corrals and scattered out over the countryside. Some of the search- ing parties were in the saddle for eleven hours the next day and Capt. Nimick added a few grey hairs to his limited supply. However, these days developed many good drivers for the company and added to its fitness for active service. The work of Stable Sergeants Goldie and Lonabaugh during these strenuous days deserves especial mention. The Spring of 1918 brought with it an undercurrent of excited feeling. Everyone realized that the hour of de- parture for foreign lands was near at hand. Then came the days of actual preparation, the disposal of some equip- ment and the addition of other, the weary hours of exam- ination, the battle of typewriters, — then the Haverford and that parting glimpse of the good old U. S. A. Company G. 143 The trip across the Atlantic, through England, and across the Channel has been ably described in another chap- ter and likewise the early days of training at St. Leomer. Late in August, 1918, came the order for Co. G to join Companies A and B, who were with the Infantry Brigades in the tenth American training area. That trip from Camp Cardonne to Rivieres-le-Bois will never be forgotten by those who made it. The company spent eight days en route and four of these were spent in the freight yards of Is-sur-Tille. Finally on Aug. 30th it joined Companies A and B in the pretty little French village of Rivieres-le-Bois. On September 8th the movement of the Division towards the front began. Companies A, B, and G were moved by rail to Revigny and thence by a march in a pouring rain to Lisle-en-Rigault. During the night of Sept. 13th-14th the companies were moved in trucks to the rear of the in- fantry which had taken over Sector 304. Here for the first time the men experienced some of the trials of real warfare. In the Bois-de-Brocourt on Sept. 16th the de- tachment and the Supply Train were bombed by an enemy plane — their first time under fire. The detachment then moved into the Bois-de-Dombasle. Here it was that the Influenza epidemic hit the company, and 23 men and Capt. Nimick were exacuated to the hos- pital in three days. The nights of Sept. 25th and 26th are probably the most memorable in the history of the company. In the evening orders were received for it to march up to Camp-de-Civils and take charge of a 40 C. M. mule-drawn railroad, run- ning from Camp-de-Civils to the main road near Avocourt. The march was made through the woods in the pitch dark- ness and its course was through the allied artillery which had just begun the most terrific bombardment the world 144! History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train has ever known. The company reached Camp-de-Civils safely and on the morning of September 26th began active work on the 40 c. m. railroad. Five or six of the little cars were fastened together and loaded with ammunition. Then a mule was hitched to the same and the train drawn up to the advance dumps under the care of several of the men. This was done under severe shell fire and had to be abandoned be- cause the enemy blew up the whole of the Avocourt end of the road. Directly after this mishap Col. Moore, G-1 of the 79th Division, called upon the company to assist in building a road across No Man's Land to Malancourt, so that the tanks could get up and rout out the German machine gun- ners who were holding up the advance of the Infantry. For about ten hours the men labored with pick and shovel, fill- ing up the shell holes and making that devastated track passable for the tanks. When the company returned to Camp-de-Civils after com- pleting the road building task, the company commander learned that all automobile traffic was blocked on the Avo- court-Malancourt road and that the advance units were suffering for want of food and water. The company then had 190 small burros and the company commander called for volunteers to assist in using tliese to get food supplies to the front. Despite the fact that the men had been work- ing steadily for over 24 hours, every man in the company volunteered. The burros were loaded with food and water and the men carried large bags filled with bread. In this fashion three trips were made to the front above Malan- court and a considerable amount of food was gotten up to the advance units. Gen. Kuhn in his official report on this situation says : "Co. G, of the Ammunition Train, with its Company G. 145 190 burros, was able to get up across country an amount of food, but not enough for general distribution." Those were strenuous hours and for over three days many members of Co, G got little or no sleep. The division having been withdrawn from Sector 304, Co. G marched away from Camp-de-Civils on October 3rd and went into rest billets with Co.'s A and B in Camp Monthairons. The detachment then moved into the town of Ambley and stayed there until October 25th. The work at Ambley was not hard. The division was on a defensive sector and an occasional truck trip or ammunition detail was all the active service called for. On October 24th the company moved into Bois Sec, a few miles from Verdun. From here a detail of twenty men un- der Sgt. Wilkinson was ordered to do duty at the infantry ammunition dump of St. Victor at Verdun. For about three weeks this detail saw hard and dangerous service at this place and received the commendation of the French authori- ties in charge of the dump. An ammunition detail was also sent to the dump at Brabant and one to the dump at Samog- neux. The first of these was under the command of Sgt. Frame and the other under Sgt. Lonabaugh. The work on these dumps was under heavy shell fire and Sgt. Frame here won a citation for "conspicuous service under enemy fire." On Nov. 1st the remainder of the company was ordered to report to Major Hamilton of the 304th Engineers at Regneville and from this date until the Armistice and for several weeks thereafter the company worked with the engi- neers. The work consisted of building roads and bridges and was done under more or less dangerous shell fire. The work with the engineers and salvaging was continued by the company until Dec, 21st, when the whole Train was assembled and billeted in Ecurey. 146 History of the 304-th Ammimition Tram The period of "watchful waiting" during the months of January, February, March, and April was spent with the Train in Souilly and Andelot. As will be remembered, these days were spent principally in absorbing the rain and mud. Then came the fearful battle of typewriters at Pont- Rousseau and St. Nazaire. In this connection must be men- tioned the very faithful work of Supply Sgt. Simpson. Sgt. Marquette, who had filled the office of Company Clerk most efficiently for over a year, was sent to America for discharge in the latter part of March. Supply Sgt. Simpson volun- tarily took up the additional duties of company clerk. His work as Supply Sergeant and Clerk during the latter days in France and during the time of demobilization was most arduous and efficient. The company sailed from St. Nazaire with Co.'s A, B, C, and D on May 16th on the U. S. transport Minnesotan and, after a pleasant but slow voyage, landed at Charleston, S. C, on May 30th. The company was demobilized at Camp Jackson on June 3rd and so passed into history. TRAIN HEADQUARTERS NOW that the period of emergency is a thing of the past and the consequent wool O. D. uniform a reminiscence rather than a reality, a brief resume of events and personali- ties connected with the Detachment will serve to bring to the mind a pleasant recollection of bygone days, and will enable us to reel off a tale now and then to the younger folks when this Great War becomes a subject of discussion. In September, 1917, when the 79th Division was formed at Camp Meade, Maryland, there was a theoretical organ- ization known as 304th Ammunition Train, and in order to make this a practical unit capable of doing something in the "Free for All" in Europe, the Adjutant General dispatched Lieut. Colonel Walter E. Prosser, who had come from Coro- zal. Canal Zone, to the States, in August, to Camp Meade and he was assigned to the Train. Naturally the first essen- tial in any unit is a headquarters and to have this it was necessary to have a few officers and men to comprise the detachment, so in a few days the Colonel salvaged Captain Reusswig, whom he appointed Adjutant, and Captain George M. Cannon, who was made Supply Officer. In addi- tion a few scared, anxious recruits who had recently sep- arated themselves from "civees" were taken into the fold and made a part of the enlisted personnel. This was in September, 1918, in what was known as C Block. Of course, as the camp developed and the soldiers increased, the Train naturally developed with it, and as a result we moved to larger quarters in V Block. It was at this place that the Detachment started to increase, as the Local Boards were 147 148 History of the SOJ^tli Ammunition Train pretty generous and gave us all the men that we needed, single, married and otherwise, and in a short time we were a bunch of regular soldiers, ready to take over any task assigned us. We stayed here about six weeks, when we again moved to W Block, which was our permanent home and which we occupied until we left the States for France. All the boys who knew Colonel Prosser personally learned to admire him in every way; his kindness of manner, his low toned way of speaking, his soldierly bearing, all commanded respect and helped to make the fellows feel that the army wasn't so bad after all. We always had the highest praise for the Colonel and were greatly shocked in January, 1918, when we learned that he was transferred to Camp Cody, New Mexico. However, this change meant a promotion for him and when we met him in Jardin de Fontaine, near Ver- dun, and saw the old eagle flopping its wings on his shoul- ders we felt reconciled to the loss. Colonel Prosser was gone but a few days when a short little INIajor, about five feet six, with a "petite" black moustache, glasses, spurs, and riding crop dashed into headquarters and announced that he was to take over the fort. Major H. J. McKenney is introduced to you, boys, so for God's sake snap out of it, for when that crop shakes he wants action. Major Mc- Kenney turned out to be a very aggressive, peppery and snappy Commanding Officer. He had risen up from the ranks and carried that dogmatic, all-knowing manner with him, but, nevertheless, the Train improved under his super- vision and soon reached a high state of efficiency, and as a result he was awarded with the grade of Lieut. Col. He stayed with us until September, 1918, when we were at La Courtine, Creuse, France, and at that time was ordered to the 314th Infantry, which was then at the front. The departure of Col. McKenney let the reins of com- Train Headquarters 149 mand fall in the hands of Major Edwin M. Van Voorhees, who had joined the Train two days before it sailed over- seas. You will remember him, fellows, from his celebrated orchestra. Remember when we had Reveille at 5 :30 in the morning, with gas masks, and the Fife and Drum Corps promenaded around the square to make the scene more mar- tial? He was also sponsor for the great show that was produced at La Courtine. The Major stayed with us until December, 1918. A few days of grace elapsed before Lieut. Colonel Frank- lin T. Burt entered into our life, and we were mighty lucky he did not meet us earlier. At first he impressed us as a gentle and loving father, so mild was his voice and so gentle his manner, but in a few days we learned that he was boss and that he was not difficult to excite if everything did not go just right. Personally, the Colonel was O. K. and a good fellow, but he had still to learn that the 0. D. suit does not make a fellow superhuman. Remember the march from Ecurey to Souilly when he stopped every few yards to monkey with hand grenades and other explosives. This showed that he still had the boyish spirit and that he wasn't so bad after all, but that his unusual strictness was to make an impression until he got better acquainted with us. Colonel Burt left us in January to go with the 315th In- fantry. The successor of Colonel Burt was Lieut. Colonel Elmer P. Walser, who joined the regiment while stationed at Souilly, Meuse, France. Colonel Walser was a former National Guard Officer and being a family man seemed to know the traits of men, to understand their necessities and to sympathize with them in their many precarious positions. He was always the same and though his rank carried great respect he never permitted it to change his viewpoint that we were all of the same big family who had joined up for 150 History of the 304-th Ammunition Train the emergency. Next to the Commanding Officer, the Adjutant is the next big man in Headquarters, so the name of Henry J. F. Reuss- wig looms forth as one of the best men who held down this job. Captain Reusswig was a soldierly looking fellow whose carriage easily reflected his previous military training at West Point. He made it pretty uncomfortable at times for some of the new officers because he had a great fondness for having indorsements in writing if every order was not ex- ecuted promptly and accurately. He was a strict disci- plinarian and was largely responsible for the development and training of the numerous recruits which joined the Train for this purpose only. Two days before the unit left Camp Meade, Captain Reusswig was transferred to Camp Mac- Arthur, Texas, and we were all sorry he had to leave at the crucial hour. After his arrival at the new assignment he was placed in the Inspector General's Department, where he was again able to keep the shave-tails on edge who had records to look after. At the time of his transfer he held the grade of Major, which had been given him some months previous. One of the most familiar characters in the Train who had been with it almost from the first day and remained officially with it until the disbandment is no less a personage than Major Vincent A. Carroll. When we first made his ac- quaintance as Commander of the Detachment he was 2nd Lieut., Q. M. C, but throughout his service he showed such wonderful ability in all his duties he gradually forged to the gold leaf, which was an honor achieved by few officers in the service. At Meade he was Asst. Adjutant and when the office became vacant by the promotion of Captain Reusswig he immediately took the whole job over. Incidentally he acted as Liberty Loan Officer, Intelligence Officer, Post Ex- Train Headquarters 151 change Officer, President of the Special Court, and also acted as counsel in the numerous cases which came up both in and out of the Train. The boys in the canteen had many a good laugh over his trips to Washington and Baltimore for the pillow tops and other canteen supplies, and it was surprising how often these had to be bought. He was the only officer out of a thousand who were promoted at Camp Meade who jumped from a second lieutenant to the rank of Captain. When the train arrived at Dugny, near Verdun, he was dispatched on special duty to the 79th Division Headquarters, where he acted in the capacity of Asst. G-1 until the organization returned to the States. It was here that he received the additional promotion to the grade of Major. All the boys will remember Major Carroll in the good old days with his natty appearance, his fine attitude, his black horse, his spurs and the riding crop which was a close companion at all times, and we also appreciate his generosity with passes which greatly aided in keeping the morale high. We all expect to hear of great things being done by him in Philadelphia when he drops the spurs to bluff the juries. Captain Robert K. Gustafson joined headquarters in September, 1918, and was made Personnel Adjutant. He saw that we got our francs and centimes on time while in France and always did all he could for the benefit of the boys. In civil life he was an engineer and in the army a paymaster. When suddenly he evinced a desire to study medicine at the A. E. F. University it was to the surprise of all of us, and we are still wondering whether he wasn't tired of the mud of Souilly rather than eager to become a doctor. Tell us about it some day, Captain. There are only three John D.'s in this world of any ac- count, John D. Rockefeller, John D. Archibold and John 152 History of the 30^th Ammunition Train D. Fearhake, better known as Captain. Captain Fearhake- was a New York lawyer and a New Caanan citizen who was over the draft age but who joined the army out of pure patriotism. Luckily he became a member of the Detach- ment as Personnel Adjutant and we feel that he was a mighty fine officer in every respect. There was a touch of the civilian in him which appealed to us, and his jolly man- ner, peculiar sarcasm and glowing description of army life always created lots of laughter. His pleasant "Good Morning, Sergeant," still resounds in our ears. Captain Leslie Carner was an old time member of the Train but a member of the Detachment for a few weeks. While at Jardin de Fontaine he acted as Adjutant, which duty he performed well. When the Train moved to Souilly he was sent to a hospital and after recuperation was transferred to the Army of Occupation. His record was made with Company C, which he always kept up to a high standard of efficiency. Captain Paul Valorous Collins was also with us for a few weeks at Souilly, but did not stay long enough to get ac- quainted. His wonderful ability at letter-writing and his description of the "Battle of Etraye," as well as the "air- raids" in London helped to keep the boys entertained. He was a great Captain and lived up to his name of Valorous. Now that a little has been said about the Commanding Officers and the Adjutants the introduction of the Supply Officers is in order. Captain George M. Cannon was the original officeholder and always saw that the boys had a large assortment of clothing, shoes, etc., so much so that the Ammunition Train was known as the best dressed organ- ization in the camp. He stayed with us from October to January, 1918, when it was necessary to fill a vacancy in A Company and naturally the logical man was picked when George was selected for the job. He had much experience Train Headquarters 163 in the army as a First Sergeant and in a short time he had that Regular Army discipline in force in his company. After the Train went overseas he took command of the companies which functioned Avitli the Division and did his work so well that he was appointed Major. In this capacity he directed the Motor Battalion and oftentimes acted as Commanding Officer of the Train during the various changes in this office. Captain Stanley C. Eaton was another Supply Officer who did his work well. He must have earned a reputation as an Instructor somewhere, because the War Department ordered him to go to New Hampshire College, at Durham, about six weeks before we left to make the world safe. No one has heard from him since then, but it has been rumored that he made a Majority while at the above institution. The next man to handle tent poles, pins, shoes, etc., was none other than Captain David C. Gibson. He was taken from A Company for this duty, and in a short time he ac- quainted himself with all the rules and regulations pertain- ing to Quartermaster and Ordnance property. He was the only Supply Officer who learned anything about salvaging, because this practice was not in force in the States. He had a big job over here to draw supplies, but he did not shirk and saw that all the boys had slickers, jerkins, hip boots, arctics and everything else to keep them in good health. In addition his pleasant personality carried him a long way and it enabled him to get in at the Depots while others were still on the outside. He was recommended for promotion to the grade of Major but the papers must have been lost in action as the commission never came through. When the Train was formed the War Department did not think we were bad enough to have a Chaplain, but after they saw the crowd that came down from Berks County, 154j History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train Montgomery County, Chester County and Philadelphia County they realized the only salvation would be a sky pilot, and as a result Chaplain Ernest L. Loomis became one of us just a few days before we sailed overseas. The Chaplain could not get his bearings for a few days, but when he did there were results. He became editor of our regimental newspaper, The Bombshell, which came out weekly, whether we were in dugouts, box cars or in dilapidated houses, and also saw that the boys had a good supply of tobacco, writ- ing paper and reading matter. He saw too that the Recrea- tion Hall always had a good show on and that the movie lovers were never deprived of the opportunity to see all the celebrated stars. He soon had us all attending religious services and by the time the war was over we claimed to be the best unit in the American A. E. F. because not a man chewed, smoked, drank or swore. Some Chaplain, eh? (Note by the Chaplain.- — In all justice to truth the Chap- lain must say of the above account what Mark Twain said of the account of his death, "it is slightly exaggerated.") Captain Walter F. Vander Hyden, a full-fledged graduate of West Point, joined the Train in Souilly and was ap- pointed Adjutant a few days after his arrival. We called him the "Sphinx" because he never said very much, but this is the worst we can say about him because he was an excel- lent officer. He had all the appearance of a soldier and his military training manifested itself in numerous ways. He looked after the boys and saw that they always had their share of everything. When he was ordered to the States we lost one of the best Adjutants ever in the Train and the office force lost an officer who upheld them at all times in the course of their duties. As he is a member of the Regular Army we hope to read about him in the distant future. Most of the men who were in the Detachment in Septem- Train Headquarters 155 bcr, 1917, are no longer with us now, but their names still appear on the Train roster as they have been transferred to the various companies. There are many pleasant recollections of the days spent in V Block and many amusing incidents, all of which it is impossible to remember. Nearly all the old timers will re- member Joe Goodman, who was a stenographer at head- quarters. He had the unique distinction of coming into the army against his will and going out the same way, paradoxi- cal as the statement may appear. Joe suffered from ear trouble and the Surgeon thought he was not able to hear the shells whizz by in case he went over to France, and as a consequence discharged him. This was on a Friday and Joe made a date for the following Saturday with some fair ones in Laurel, and decided to stay over, but the Officer of the Day found it out and woke Joe out of his sleep at 11 p. M. and marched him out of camp under guard. Joe will surely never forget his induction and deduction from the army. Another great character was our first Top Sergeant, Jim Buckley, in name only, as there were no non-coms at that time. He had the boys snapping out of it for a few days, but he suddenly decided to go overseas and arranged for a transfer with an Engineering Unit. George Mason, an ex- clown in a circus, kept us amused too by his spells, which he took now and then. He would twist himself into all kinds of shapes and perhaps fall down a few hundred yards from the barracks, when we would dispatch Loyd after him. The mention of Wilson Loyd's name brings to mind one of the best-hearted boys in the detachment ; he was a crude sort of a fellow and rough in his ways, probably acquired from his service in the Philippines with the Marines. His great reci- tation, "The Green Velvet Band," always made a big hit and 156 History of the SOJ^th Ammunition Train his favorite expression, "I'll be walking along the streets of Chester when you're pushing up daisies in France," never came true, because the poor chap took ill with pneumonia and passed away in a Base Hospital in France sometime during October, 1918. His death was regretted by every- one, because there was only one Loyd, Domenick Caccia was with us a few days when he was sent to the Base Hospital at Meade, where he died after a brief illness. He was not amongst us long enough to get acquainted, but his death brought home to us what France might mean, but fortunately the horrors of the battlefield did no mean the loss of any more of our comrades. The names of Jos. Jeffries, Sleby, Udovich, Mininger, Cronin, Ziegler, Whitman, Martin, Stark, Tyson, Swarr, Pizagno, Wray, are but memories now as they were all transferred at various times into other units. Many of the boys joined the Battalion Headquarters when these were formed in March and we still run across such fellows as "Me Can Do" Algerman, Bressler, Burgert, Hufnell, and Dave Carr, who had the softest job in the army. Unique Jimmy Cavanaugh, Patsy Cocco, Crawford, McSherry, Mehrer, Miller, Nugent, Prendergast, Schlabach, Schmidt, Cook, Coughlin and Walsh. The Canteen Sergeant, George Hayes, had a sensational career in the army and finally wound up with the D. C. I. in Paris, where he could be seen with his walking stick, white flower and real civees strutting along the boulevards, even though he was still in the army. "Shorty" Townsend became the Chaplain's private secre- tary and wound up in the University of Grenoble. Poor Pate, who was Colonel Prosser's orderly and the first mem- ber of the detachment, switched around to different com- panies and while on his way to Nice in February took ill Traill Headquarters 157 suddenly and died in Paris. Bill Anderson stayed with us and held the job of Top Kick until February, when he took advantage of the discharge order and wandered back to his wife and family. In fact, the three Corporals, Anderson, Smith and Remmel, must have entered into a conspiracy, for Smith and Remmel followed Bill and went to the U. S. via St. Aignan. Smith acted as Regimental Mail Orderly and always brought great joys to the boys with his stacks of letters. Remmel was the chief sign painter of the regi- ment and also acted as a Clerk in Headquarters. An amusing incident happened in Camp Meade when Remmel asked Colonel McKenney why his request for trans- fer was disapproved. He was told that it was none of his damn business, so we all learned the moral of not thinking or talking while in the army. Walter Watts, or Martha's husband, as we called him after he took unto himself a wife, was always a well known member of the detachment. Walter was not much of a sol- dier, but a mighty fine carpenter, and he always saw that the headquarters were free from rain and well supplied with tables. Cavalucci and Underkofler were pals for some time ; they both had the job of Orderly and held it throughout their service. In France it was a difficult job to find them and we almost forgot they were in the detachment until pay day came around. Raymond was a quaint character; he always did things his own way and was content to be left alone. He knew the Morse Code pretty well and was able to read the blinker lights very accurately. Wolf and Haley. We could never use one name without the other. They were always together and became fast friends. In Meade they were the chief motorcycle couriers and could be found any hour of the day or night, in Winter or Summer, ready to furnish a side car. The first few weeks 158 History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train in France we had no transportation and the Twins took it easy, but later our equipment came along and both of them stuck to their machines until it was time to turn them in finally. They were wagoners for a long time, but at the first opportunity both were made Corporals and the first day they strolled along the company streets the boys snapped out of it. Mike became very ambitious when the Division received sailing orders and applied for admission to a Motor School, and we all hope to take our cars to him for repairs and maintenance when he sets up in the States. George E. Burrier was only with us for about three weeks ; he boarded the Haverford at Philadelphia and we took him as far as Halifax, where he was transferred to the U. S. Army Hospital from the transport. The last we heard of George he got lost in Boston on his way to Hoboken and hasn't been able to find the army since. There was only one Sergeant Chandler in the Detachment. John never studied army regulations with great fervor, but when it came to fixing pipes, building shelves, driving automobiles, putting up stoves and doing other little things for the convenience of the boys he could not be excelled. No matter how deso- lated the billet or stable might have been when the Detach- ment entered it. Chandler had the place as comfortable and as cozy as any home in France within a few hours. Mili- tarily speaking, John was an Agent, according to the Tables of Organization, and was a member of the Intelligence Sec- tion, so if you ever want to learn anything about the war which was not published, see Chandler. "Frankie Courtney" was also one of us for a while. Talk about never being satisfied. Frankie was a member of the Quartermaster Corps and assigned to duty near Syracuse, New York. He went to work at nine and quit at five and slept in a fine bed, yet he wanted to come to France, and he Traill Headquarters 159 did. After lie slept on inud, in stables, barns, fields, and waded around in the slush of Verdun, he wished he had never come across. Frank took sick in Jardin de Fontaine and after he was evacuated we lost track of him. Wagoner Jay L. Combs was a studious, retiring char- acter who sjDent his spare time in reading big volumes on magnetos, deferentials, etc. He worked in the Supply Office a while, and then went to the Ordnance Detachment, so he could monkey with machinery. Later he volunteered to go to a Motor School and followed Mike Haley to Decize, where they spent their last three months in France. We'll never forget Maurice DePauw, the interpreter. Maurice was a wanderlust who had travelled around the world and could speak several languages. He joined the detachment at Le Havre from Company E. He came in handy in our early days in France, for none of us knew a word of the lingo, and Maurice saw that our wants were fulfilled. He suffered a great deal with his feet and was sent to a Hospital, where he stayed until May, 1919, when he was discharged in France. Bud Fisher, Chevy Chase, Maryland! Bud was a good boy; for a short time he drove a machine and also acted as Orderly. No matter what was asked of him. Bud was ready to do the work. He took sick in Souilly and was sent to Chaumont and thence to Toul. The last we heard of him he was on Red Cross Train 55, going to Bordeaux, for return to the States. Regimental Sergeant Major Gallagher was one of the oldest members of the Detachment ; he was always on the job at Headquarters, day and night, and with the aid of the other boys in Headquarters saw that the paper work of the Train was kept up to snuff. All the privates of the regiments came to him seeking advice which was always 160 History of the SO^th Ammunition Train cheerfully given. John was everyone's friend — we all know that. Upon arising in the morning he was wont to sing such sweet (?) ditties as "Why did we leave that fair spot.'"' and as a leading citizen of Norristown, a village that has been attached to Philadelphia for rations for the past fifty years, he just naturally had to tell us about the virtues of that place. All in all he was an authority on most things and this is natural when it is considered that he is an em- bryo lawyer who should be a shining light in the years to come. Those big fellows, "Bill" Hooper and "Wes" Hughes, were big in heart as well as body. Hooper attached him- self to a Supply Office job after we reached France, and Hughes was a sort of successor to Watts, the man-of-all- trades. They were both useful members of the outfit. "Morrie" Leapson came in early in February, 1919, for the express purpose of assisting O'Reilly and Stilz in Personnel Work. It wasn't long before he had mastered all the in- tricacies of that work and was as well acquainted with a Change of Status Report and 1-B allotment, as he was with horses in the old Camp Meade days. Aaron B. Mac- hamer came with us on New Year's day, 1919, a clean jump from Co. C, where he had been a cook. After our original corporals decided to get discharged and return to their respective homes, Machamer was one of those selected to fill a vacancy. He was a Supply Officer representative and did Captain Dave's typewriting. "Gene" Meadows is famous for writing the first letter to G. H. Q. for a discharge — and getting away with it. His letter put everyone in G. H. Q. in burning tears and they returned a regular Honest-to-God discharge and Gene was the first to leave. He was a salvage expert and always had an armful of "junk." "Butch" McDevitt, named for the Train Headquarters 161 famous "Millionaire-for-a-Day" from Wilkes-Barre, Pa., spent nearly his whole army career as a cook, at which he was very adept. "Butch" never had many leaves, either in the States or over here, but that one which he did take con- sumed no less than thirty-five days and then when he got back mth the outfit he was discharged — thus his army ca- reer ended in a blaze of glory, so to speak. "Joe" McDer- mott — we wonder if he remembers those days at Camp Meade when Colonel McKenney used to have him snapping out of it all the time. Then, at Romsey, England, when Joe dropped the typewriter and heard from the same Colonel as only the Colonel could say it. All in all, Joe had a pretty rough time of it in this war, what with all the driving of Dodges, Cadillacs, etc ! C'est le guerre ! This brings us to the original and only Jim O'Reilly, Per- sonnel Sergeant Major Extraoi'dinary and Expert on Things Insurance and Allotments ! We sometimes think Jim missed his calling because we doubt if the soldiers appreciate comedy that would cost them real money if they were paying for it in God's Country. Don't get the idea that Jim just "fools," because he put out "beaucoup" work and does it well, but, at odd times, he gets off stuff that would make an image laugh. He is absolutely nonchalant and has the ideal disposition for a successful soldier. As a well known mem- ber of the famous "White Back Social" he had made a big- reputation. Clair E. Owen — we had nearly forgotten him ! He was a quiet, retiring fellow and never made any fuss about anything. Whilst we were living in pup tents in St. I^eomer, last August, there was some excitement in Clair's tent one evening and we found that he was being evacuated to a hospital at Limoges for appendicitis. We haven't heard from him since that time. "Alfie" Poysden, cook! At Souilly he had the pleasure of 162 History of the 304-^1 Ammunition Train feeding that small but honorable group of men known as "The Gobler Sergeants" and much amusement was very often given to those same Sergeants by Alfie's care in meas- uring out the "garbage." At that, they got along very well. He came to the Detachment March 1, 1919, from Motor Headquarters, taking the place vacated by McDev- itt's discharge and return to the states. Cecil Robinson joined us just before we left the States. Originally he had been a sort of First Sergeant in Co. B, and while he was in our outfit he was a driver of cars, an orderly, betimes, and generally useful for any details. He was taken sick at Souilly with the same ailment that sent Owen to the hospital and he never rejoined the organiza- tion. Now, gentle readers, we come to Louis H. Seipp, Ser- geant. Corpulent Louie ! He was a member of Galloping F when he first came into the train and Louie galloped along with the other members of the company until along about January, 1918, when Gallagher "salvaged" Louie for Head- quarters. His worth soon became generally known and Louie hopped up the ladder and became a Sergeant, a note- worthy performance. He handles a typewriter as well as he does a Monotype and anyone desiring to become better acquainted with this last named machine had better get in touch with Louie "tout de suite." He loves good living and satisfies that weakness whenever he can. He has always been a first assistant to Gallagher and these two soldiers were inseparable. Louie has his Matilda, just as Gallagher has his Mary, and who is there who can say otherwise.'' There are many men who would give their life almost for the sake of wearing bars on the shoulders, but we have a man who turned a commission down before most of us be- came soldiers. This was our good old friend Aubrey C. Train Headquarters 163 Sharp, the Regimental Supply Sergeant. He was in the army fifteen years before the world became unfit to live in, and he volunteered to come to Meade to tell us what he knew about the game. He was an excellent drill sergeant and also an expert on Ordnance property. "Pop" stood the rigors of the war very well and was none the worse after his experience, even though he was past forty. His wild rides to Bar le due from Souilly with "Daredevil" Haley will always be remembered. Freddie Shoenberger was Captain Gibson's right hand man and was on the job at all times. He was the authority on Quartermaster property and was kept prett}^ busy draw- ing slickers and safety razors for the men, because they had a great weakness for losing these articles. His morale was a bit low before he made the trip to Paris, but when he returned from the Big Town he worked twenty-six hours a day without a word. Freddie was recommended for a com- mission in the Q. M., but somehow or other the men who do the work couldn't get the promotions in this army. We wish him more luck the next time. Last but not least is Bill Stilz, the flag man. Sergeant Stilz joined us in July, 1918, but we had an eye on him for a long time before then when he was on special duty at head- quarters. When Bill went on guard, his leggins Avere so immaculate that he was always made Orderly, and while on this duty we had him pound the typewriter, which he did so well that he became a permanent member of the Typewriting Brigade. He could knock off pay rolls with his eyes shut and was Chief Counsel of the Insurance Department. He had the courage to get married before going overseas and was awarded with a "baby girl" while he was in Souillv. Bill has the distinction of having a war baby. This concludes the few anecdotes concerning the boys. It 164 History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train is hoped that the mere mention of a name will bring up memories in the minds of the readers which will recall hours of pleasure in the days gone by at Meade, on the Haverford, at Liverpool, Romsey, Southhampton, Le Havre, St. Leo- mer, La Courtine, Dugny, Verdun, Ecurey, SouiUy, Andelot and Nantes. It is hoped that the acquaintanceship engen- dered will not be empheral but will endure, so when an op- portunity affords do not hesitate to get in touch with any of the boys. The American legion movement being inau- gurated is a method of bringing us together, so join up, and we can be as friendly in the future as we have been in the past. HEADQUARTERS DETACHMENT. MOTOR BAT- TALION THE Detachment did not exist before March, 1918, and those of us who had been in Camp Meade since the previ- ous September already looked upon ourselves as veterans. On paper we were to have thirty men, but we went along with less than tMs number until the first of July, just before we sailed, when we were filled to strength by the inclusion of men from nearly every part of the United States, whereas the older members had been from Philadelphia and other points in Pennsylvania. Elsewhere in these pages will be told our activities be- cause the Train's work was ours in a smaller way. Major Edwin M. Van Voorhees, who commanded the Battalion in the States, took over the conmiand of the entire Train in September, and Captain Camer commanded the Battalion. In November, after joining the detached companies. Major G. M. Cannon took active command and there has been no change since that time. Just after landing in France Captain Robert K. Gustaf- son was appointed Battalion Adjutant and in October he was relieved by Captain John B. Thayer. A little later Captain Robert S. Prosser took over the duties of that place, and since he was transferred, before Christmas, 1919, Ist Lieut. Harry C. Bates and 1st Lieut. John F. Choate have served. Looking over the enlisted personnel of the outfit there are some remarkable characters, although this is probably true of any army organization. Nor can it be said that the 165 166 History of the SO^th Ammunition Train Detachment lacks men of more than a single accomplish- ment. There is Private Mull, for instance, who is a com- petent man of all trades, from building boxes for shipping to running messages in a very fluent manner. One thing that has impressed the writer has been the marked degree of efficiency attained by its runners, so marked that other organizations have been wont to envy it. But that is not all, even if Privates Hallman and Rohde are in that class, besides the aforementioned Mull. Regimental Supply Sergeant Crawford knows more about rations and their distribution than the purchasing agent of a chain store organization, and Sergeant Mehrer is a close second to him when it comes to Quartermaster supplies of any sort. Supply Sergeant Bressler has transferred his allegiance in the army from the cavalry and Coast Artillery to the Ammunition Train and sees that the members of the Detachment do not want for anything in the line of cloth- ing and equipment. A very capable storekeeper, we should say, if that is not passing over his qualities too lightly. Sergeant Major Cook, with his morning books, his re- ports, his trucks and other details, generally "carried on," sometimes one way and sometimes another. Be it said, however, that he never had a leave, although a three weeks' vacation in Bordeaux and a subsequent "business" trip of a similar length of time "inspecting the battlefields and the S. O. S." could be construed as leaves. Corporal Miller must be mentioned at this time, since, in his daily duties, he acted as an assistant to Cook. Miller, a product of Atglen, a peaceful place "somewhere in Pennsylvania," was, we be- lieve, "checked" more than any man in the Detachment. Suffice it to say that he enjoj^ed his life in the army and often regretted that the war had not started sooner so that he could have had the advantage of a longer term. Headquarters Motor Battalion 167 Sergeant McSherry is famous for being our first and only original truck master, one of those who just lived for trucks, which were his personal responsibility. He was the initial editor of The Bombshell and from that source also drew beaucoup glory. A thinker, a man of deeds, so much so that in March, 1919, he entered Beaune University to study the arts, civic government, etc., and we heard later that he was studying agriculture at another institution of learning. Corporal Stark was the "non-sufficient" officer who liad charge of the details in the Detachment — he was the go- between between the Sergeant Major and the men. His was a hard life ! Received no foreign decorations for gal- lantry or anything of that sort, but was, nevertheless, de- serving of most anything. Haines, Hume, SchoU and Smith, the four wagoners, never had much practice driving any- thing, but they were good ! It is a funny thing but lots of men in the army are called by one grade when their work is directly opposite, and these four men followed this rule. Hume became a wonder at dispensing gasoline from his station, and Scholl took pretty good care of iiis correspond- ence with "Pansy." Cook DiAngelico was a cook before he received the actual appointment ; his worth as such must be determined by others because the writer was unfortunate in never having had an opportunity to taste his luscious prep- arations. We have no doubt but that he was good, however. Tom Coughlan, the old man himself ! Somehow or other, in the most out-of-the-wa}' places, Tom managed to keep himself well "polished," in addition to keeping records of the "garbage" for the Train. His previous experience with Wilson & Co. stood him in good stead on this job, I'll say. Hufnell, starting with the canteen back in Camp Meade, wound up with the same kind of work, between shifts also lending a hand on supply work. Anotlier good storekeeper! 168 History of the 304th Ammunition Train Lepore was one man who reached France with one name and went home with another. When Sam entered the army he mispronounced his true name and the officer swearing him in, on general principles, announced him as Sam Lepon, and as Sam is one of those fellows who couldn't be bothered entering into a debate on such a small affair as a mere name, let it go at that. A little later, however, he wanted his own name back and then the paper work war started which waxed heatedly until after we had reached France when advices were received that Sam should resume his original name, and on the trip home he was called "Samuel Lepore." Rather interesting, what.^^ Nottingham, from Syracuse, N. Y,, had experience in the canteen at La Courtine and towards the end of his army career was the manager of the Recreation Hall, those build- ings erected for the entertainment of the young soldiers. Townsend was affectionately known as "The Rabbit," and his duties were to act as assistant to the Chaplain. He liked us, we think, but in March, 1919, he decided to better himself, mentally, and took himself to Grenoble University to further that desire. Since which time he has been with us not. Ulrich and Wolf are the other first-class privates, the former of whom was a sort of runner between our Bat- talion Supply Office and the Division M. T. O., and Wolf a man of all trades and used as such. Bilodeau and Wagner were capable men and were thrown into all sorts of breaches and filled them acceptably. Harry Crawford was a Supply Office assistant to his brother and between times was called upon to do other work. As a pipe smoker he goes well — it was worth while to walk into a barracks in Camp Meade after the lights were out and have Harry's burning pipe as a guide to your bunk ; the writer, generally working late, used this means time and again to reach his "couch." Headquarters Motor Battalion 169 Other men who came over with us but whom we have lost since that time include : Sergeant George S. Hayes, trans- ferred to Co. C as a private and later transferred from that organization ; Corporal Cavanaugh, transferred to Co. B ; Wagoner G. F. Helmcamp, evacuated to a hospital, as was Wagoner Koeberle ; Pvt. Leonard J. Weireter, transferred out of the organization ; Pvt. Gilbert Herkness, who received the same treatment ; Pvt. Gordon B. Moore, transferred to Co. A, and Pvt. James D. Coleman, evacuated to a hospital. Thus was the outfit started and finished. Histories may never mention us, but that is a small thing because the Train itself scarce receives mention from historians who have al- ready started to write, which shows that historians should get their data complete before starting to write. Not a man was decorated, but their future lies in the United States and we know not what we might see from their labors in years to come. As Horace Greely once remarked to his friend Charley Chaplin, "It's a great life, Charles, if you don't weaken." SANITARY DETACHMENT IN the contingent of nine men, namely, Privates Otis Neal, Henry V. Rector, Cecil N. Robinson, Robert A. Royce, Chas. Sumner Scott, Joseph W. Soderlund, Harold W. Stanton, Herbert L. Stearns, and Bernard Stafford, which came to Camp Meade in September, 1917, was the nucleus of the Medical Department. Soon after their arrival, they were assigned to the vari- ous companies of the 304th Ammunition Train as acting duty sergeants. Neal went to Co. A, Scott and Robinson to Co.~ B, Sleeper to C, Soderlund to D, Royce to E, Stan- ton and Stafford to F, and Stearns and Rector to G. They continued in that capacity until November 3rd, when the regimental infirmary under Lt. Joseph N. Anderson, with Charles Sumner Scott as Acting Sergeant, was made a reality. Arthur Corgee of Co. D had been acting dental assistant, so was transferred to the detachment. Rector then left Co. G to aid Scott in V-2 building. At that place only one room in the extreme end was used by the Medics, the re- mainder being Officers' quarters. Early in December, 1917, with the aid of all the Medical men in the Train, the Infirmary was moved to building W-107. The final commander, Major Wm. K. White, came to the Train as a captain on March 19, 1918, from Base Hospital No. 42, Camp Meade, Md. A few days later Lt. Anderson was transferred to the 310th Machine Gun Battalion. About this time, Lt. James W. Vernon was added to the 170 SANITARY DETACH^[ENT COMPANY n.. LT. L. C. LEVERING, COMMANDING, IN CENTER Sanitary Detachment 171 detachment, coming from the 316th Ambulance Co., 304th Sanitary Train. During the remaining days of March, Pvt. Royce became a Sergeant, and Sgt. David H. Carr, Ernest K. Ritter, Pvt. Joseph Kelly, and Pvt. Jack Spaulding joined the outfit as privates. In April Pvt. Wm. Douglas received his discharge on the basis of pli^'sical disability. Shortly afterwards Carr was promoted to Sergeant. About this time Sgt. Royce was transferred to the Walter Reed General Hospital at Wash- ington, D. C. At W-107, they were somewhat hindered by the lack of room, but this was remedied in May, when the Infirmary was moved to W-142. A few days after moving, Scott received his warrant as Sergeant, and in the meantime Pvt. Harold B. Grouse of Galloping F, Pvt. Brandt Earhart of Co. E, and Archie Ball of Co. C, came by transfer. On May 26th Rector was made a Sergeant. Early in June Lt. J, W. Vernon was commissioned a captain, and 1st Lt. O. P. Henry came from Camp Green- leaf, Fort Oglethorpe, Ga. On July 3rd Pvt. Wm. V. Sleeper was raised to sergeant. The time was close at hand when the 79th Division would leave for France, and so on July 8th the detachment started to grow. Privates Edward B, Harvey, Thomas H. Verell, Elwood K. Middleton and Frank M. Johnson coming from the Training Bn. at the A. & M. College, Starkwell, Miss. Close on their heels followed Privates Joseph A. Autry, Robert E. Boyd, Ireal O. Barton, Reason H. Bell, Luther H. Conoly, Benjamin E. Crockett, Theodore M. Deaton, William J. Gibbs, Oscar F. Holland, William Hardman, Amos D. Lipham and Blenn M. Scott from the Training Bn., University of Georgia, at Athens, Ga. On July 9th 172 History of the 304th Ammunition Train Pvt. James L. Handy of the Medical Detachment 315th Infantry joined the detachment. How well ail remember that Saturday night, July 13th, the last night in Camp Meade. Words would be useless to describe the frivolity and pranks of the men. At the "Y," in the barracks, in the Company streets and almost every- where in the area, stunts of an unusual character were "pulled off." Tlien, as they rubbed their eyes at first call at 3:30 a. m. Sunday, July 14th, they were urged b} the "top kicker" to get busy. After policing up the Infirmary and loading the equipment, they fell in at the rear of the column, and at 7:00 A. M. climbed aboard the Chemm de Fer, en route for Philadelphia. They reached Pier 58, South Philadel- phia, at 1 :10 p. M., and at 5 p. m. went up the gangplank of the British transport Haverford. Although a drizzling rain had set in about seven o'clock, when they started down the bay, the spirits of the men were not a bit dampened. As passing tugs screeched their "Bon Voyage" to them, the men gave vent to their feelings in cheers. As darkness settled, one b}^ one or perhaps in groups, the men went below to find their sleeping quarters. Unfortu- nately, hammock spaces did not correspond in number to the digits on their sleeping berth tickets, for in many cases such numbered places were a myth. After the first night, however, matters were adjusted and the "Medics" went be- low to bunk in the quarters with Co. G in the fore part of the boat. To those who were not acrobats enough to stay in a hammock, the soft side of a board proved a good rest- ing place, when "they" would let you sleep. Night after night, they would be awakened by whistle signals to fall out and assemble at the designated stations on the top deck. The calls had the varied names of fire drill, submarine drill. Sanitary Detachment 173 and abandon ship drill, but in spite of all these virtues, they amounted to the same thing, a midnight intennission. On the first day out, life belts were issued to the men and they were told to wear them at all times. About their waists they were always to carry their ponderous Medical belts, having the canteen ever filled with "de I'eau" and a pocket overflowing with hard tack. What more could a man desire ? Just after a fine breakfast of sausages on the morning of July 18th, land was sighted. It turned out to be the coast of Nova Scotia, and at 8:30 a. m. the Haverford dropped anchor in Halifax Harbor. Gathered about in the harbor were a few transports waiting to make up the convoy. At this place Pvts. Ball, Crockett and Johnson were transferred by tug to the U. S. Army Canadian Hospital at Halifax, At 8 :30 on the morning of July 20th, they started on the second part of the long trip. The convoy consisted of twenty-three transports under the escort of a British cruiser. To Capt. White, his little detachment were pretty good Medical men, but to Major Little as Medical men they were extra good garbage carriers. As a word of explanation, it might be added that every night after the other "soldats" had "gone to roost," this gallant organization would strut forth in blue denims and empty overboard the contents of all the garbage barrels that had accumulated in all parts of the ship during the day. On July 22nd, at 1 a. m., the bursting of a steam pipe just above the hatchwaj'^ over the Medical Detachment caused quite a bit of excitement. As the steam rolled down into their quarters with a hissing sound, there was a very lively time. The story of this voyage with the landing in Liverpool, the trip to France, and the train ride to St. Leomer, is de- scribed in other chapters (Chapters 4, 5, and 6, Part I). 174 History of the SO^^th Ammunition Train On Aug. 15tli Capt. Vernon, Sgt. Sleeper, Pvt 1st cl. Soderlund, Pvt. Earhart, Hardman, Ritter, and Scott left St. Leomer with Co. G on detached service to join Co.'s A and B at Prauthoy, Haute Marne. On the first of September the detachment went with the 154th Field Artillery Brigade, of which the Ammunition Train was a part, to La Courtine, Department of Creuse. At this camp they received an overabundance of instruction in the graceful art of applying a gas mask to the visage "by the numbers." They left with the Ammunition Train for the front in the latter part of October. The arrival at Dugny, near Verdun, was late at night, the remainder of which was spent in the ruins of an old church. At noon the next day they started on a ten-mile hike to Baleicourt and reached that place in the late afternoon. Two days later the Detachment was split up and they were sent out in groups with the various companies when they started the last lap of the journey to the front. Deaton, Harvey and Handy went with Co. C; Autry, Verell and Rector with Co. D; Stanton and Lipham with Co. E; and Spaulding, Kelly, Middleton, and Stearns with Co. F. Those who had been with Co.'s A, B, and G on Detached service as well as the 1st Sgt. with Pvt. Bell and Conoly remained back in Thierville, just outside of Verdun, with Capt. White and Lt. ShoAvalter. Crouse and Barton came up to Co. C a day later. The hike from Baleicourt started at 5 :00 p. m. It was then very dark and it was tedious work to wend their way along the traffic crowded roads. By early morning they had finished their journey and were not in the spirits to go much farther then. The companies located themselves in the vicinity of Samogneux and Death Valley. Capt. Vernon was sent to Sanitary Detachment 176 Co. D and Co. G up Death Valley. Lt. Henry was with Co.'s C, E, and F above Samogneux. When November 11th brought about the cessation of hostilities, happiness reigned supreme. Even if joy was not outwardly portrayed, it was present nevertheless. The men were all aware of what a prolongation of the war might have meant for them. On November 16th Pvts. Warren T. Beatty, Raymond Plants, Louis Schneider, George R. Cosgray, and Roy S. Crowe were transferred to the detachment from Replace- ment Unit No. '55. Four days later Autry, Conoly, Crouse and Handy were made 1st Class Privates. The camp duties from November 11th to 20th consisted of burying the dead, repairing the roads, and policing up the vicinity of Death Valley. A bad hike was in store for them on December 21st, wlien the Train moved by hobnail express to Ecurey. About this time Pvt. Roy H. Maust came to the detachment from the 316th Ambulance Co., 304th San. Train. The stay at Ecurey was short, for on Dec. 27th with field packs the men hiked under severe weather conditions to Belleville, near Verdun, a distance of 35 kilometers (22 miles). The next day the hike was continued 20 kilometers (13 miles) to Souilly. Shortly afterwards Pvt. Earhart was promoted to Sergeant. During the first week of January, the 79th Divisional Center of Instruction was started at Montliairon, and Lt. Henry, with Sgt. Earhart and Pvts. 1st cl. Crouse and Handy, were sent there on special Medical duty. Lt. Showalter, with his assistant, Pvt. Bell, had well taken care of the Dental work of the Detachment from the time they came overseas. He was aided for a brief time by Lt. Leo Remes, who was transferred from the 310th F. A. 17G History of the SO^-th Ammunition Train and a few weeks later was transferred to one of the infantry regiments. In January the dental work was augmented by the arrival of Lt. Leon J, Deger and Pvt. Chas. J. Motto, who were transferred from the 331st Infantry Regiment, 83rd Division. About this time the Medical personnel was enlarged by the arrival of Lt. Edward G, Weadock. In Febiniary Pvt, Barton and Pvt. 1st cl. Spaulding re- ceived their discharge from the army and returned to the States. On Feb. 27th Capt. Vernon was commissioned a major and on March 1st was transferred to the 315th Infantry, but a few days later received his discharge and returned home. Lt. Deger on the 7th of the month was raised to the rank of Captain. During the first week in April the Medics with the Ammu- nition Train moved by trucks from Souilly to Andelot, Haute Marne. The stay tjiere was not long, for on April 21st they moved by train to Nantes, near St. Nazaire, to which they soon proceeded and boarded the transport for home. On May 2nd Capt. White was commissioned a Major, and on the same date Pvts, Holland and Ritter were pro- moted to 1st class Privates. The Medical Detachment is now disorganized and all of us have made our way towards our homes and loved ones. During the many months that we have been together, we have made numerous friends and have shared those little incidents which are now but a memory. As we part may we appreciate the words of Lord Byron, who says : Sanitary Detachment 177 Oh, friends regretted, scenes forever dear, Remembrance hails you with her warmest tear. Drooping, she bends o'er Fancy's urn To trace the hours which never can return. J. L. H. HEADQUARTERS DETACHMENT HORSED BATTALION THE mere handful of men, 21 in number, comprising the Headquarters Detachment of the Horsed Battalion, 304th Ammunition Train, was a scrappy, hustling bunch, full of pep, from the time of its organization at Camp Meade, Md., on May 15th, 1918, until disbanded at Camp Dix, N. J., on June 9th, 1919. This detachment, an organization within the regiment having commanding officer, junior officers, full complement of non-commissioned officers, cook, etc., was organized by Major John T, Little, commanding officer of the Horsed Battalion, for the purpose of attending to the various duties connected with a battalion headquarters. As such a de- tachment this body of men served admirably both at Camp Meade, Md., and in the dugouts and mud of Samogneux, France. Camp Meade, Md. — because it was there under the in- struction of Major Little that every man became a horse- man, and under the thorough drilling of an efficient drill master. Captain Walter E. Caten, that every man became skilled with the rifle, the manual of arms, and drills. Samogneux, France — because it was there that the De- tachment was separated from the Regimental Headquarters and set up ^ battalion headquarters under shell fire, where the business of the Horsed Battalion was transacted with- out a hitch, but under the most trying conditions — rain, mud, barbed wire, shell holes, shell fire, rats, cooties and what not. In these surroundings every man of the detach- 178 Headquarters Horsed Battalion 179 ment functioned, carrying messages and seeing that the Battalion was supplied with water, food and clothing at all times. The itinerary of the Detachment follows: Sailed from Philadelphia for France with full complement of 21 men aboard the Steamship Haverford, July 14th, 1918. Arrived in Liverpool, England, July 31st, and spent two days at Camp Knotty Ash. Broke camp at Knotty Ash, Aug. 2nd. Arrived at Camp Woolsley, Romsey, England, Aug. 2nd. On Aug. 4th hiked 13 miles from Romsey to Southampton, where the detachment boarded the Steamer St. George^ sailed across the English Channel under cover of darkness, and arrived at Le Havre, France, Aug. 5th. Spent two nights in Base Camp No. 1 at Le Havre, then boarded freight cars, arriving at Camp Cardonne, St. Leomer, Aug. 8th. On Aug. 20th the detachment received its first pay and spent several nights in the puzzle of figuring dollars in terms of francs. On August 24th the Train suffered its first casualty when Ernest J. Parsons, of Benton, Pa., cook for the detach- ment, was drowned in a small lake near St. Leomer. Par- sons went swimming with several members of the detachment, got into deep water, and, unable to swim, perished before he could be reached by his comrades. He was buried in the little church yard on the hills at Montmorillon, France, on Aug. 25th. Sept. 4th broke camp at St. Leomer and arrived at Camp La Courtine, Creuse, France, Sept. 6th. Here the detach- ment was billeted in a French artillery camp. Oct. 15th Sgt. Ronald O'Neil was transferred to the Officers' Training School at Namur, France. Nov. 1st the detachment left La Courtine, arriving at Dugny Nov. 3rd. All members of the detachment attended church at Dugny 180 History of the SOJfth Ammunition Train for the simple reason that they were quartered on the floors of a battered, shell-torn church. Some even occupied the graveyard on the outside and found it comfortable, using the headstones for pillows. Nov. 4th marched about nine miles to Baleicourt Woods, where the detachment was under fire from aeroplanes. Nov, 5th hiked to Samogneux, where the detachment joined the rest of the battalion and estab- lished battalion headquarters. The detachment remained here during the remaining days of the war. On Dec. 18th Major Little was transferred from the regiment. Dec. 21st hiked to Ecurey. Dec. 27th began two days' hike through rain and hail to Souilly, a distance of about thirty-five miles. Not a man of the detachment fell out on this strenuous hike, a fact which brought a complimentary letter from the Train's new commanding officer, Lt. Col. Burt. On Jan. 3rd Regtl. Sup. Sgt, Schmidt and Bugler Schla- bach were sent on detached service to the Divisional Center of Instruction. On Feb. 16th Sgts. Wilson and Ellis, with Pvt. Waller- man, were transferred to the 274th Military Police Co. Capt. Walter E. Caten was also transferred to the same organization. It was about this time that Major Green arrived as commanding officer of the Horsed Battalion. He remained only a short time, then was transferred to be as- sistant Provost Marshal at Paris. February 17th Corp. Focht fell and was injured. He was evacuated to the hospital and never returned to the de- tachment. On Feb. 2nd, Corp. Nugent and Pvt. Thomas were returned to the United States for discharge. March 15th Pvt. Clarence Pate contracted pneumonia while on leave at Nice, France, and was transferred to a hos- pital at Paris, where he died. March 31st the detachment moved from the Souilly area THE OFFICERS OF THE AMMUNITION TRAIN HEADQUARTERS DETACHMENT, HORSED BAl lALION Headquarters Horsed Battalion 181 to Andelot. April 20th arrived in St. Nazaire area, near Nantes. May 14th boarded trains for St. Nazaire. May 15th sailed on the steamer Shoshone for U. S., arriving at Philadelphia June 1st, going to Camp Dix, N. J. Dis- charged from Camp Dix June 9th. ORDNANCE DETACHMENT THE Ordnance Detachment of the 304th Ammunition Train was organized at Camp Meade, being made up of men selected from the entire division as having had pre- vious experience in the construction and repair of motor equipment. The duties of this detachment were principally the upkeep, repair and maintenance of all Ordnance in the regiment. The original outfit consisted of thirteen men and one officer. Upon arrival overseas the Ordnance Detachment accom- panied that part of the Train which was ordered to La Courtine, France, there to assist in supplying the 154th F. A. Brigade with ammunition on the artillery range. On or about Sept. 25th the detachment was ordered to the front to join A, B and G Companies, who were operat- ing in the Meuse-Argonne sector. There the detachment fulfilled its duties of repair and maintenance of motor equip- ment. Detraining at Dugny they experienced their first sight of real war, being greeted overhead by an air battle between the Boche and American flyers. They continued operations with A, B and G Companies until the balance of the Train arrived, when all Companies and units of the regiment were again consolidated. On the morning of November 10, 1918, at ten-thirty o'clock, Corporal Wm. P. Derrickson was accidentally killed on the banks of the Meuse River, he being the only member of the Ordnance Detachment to lose his life. The Ordnance Detachment was commanded by Capt. R. C. Bowlus, U. S. A., who was assigned to this duty about 182 Ordnance Detachment 183 May 1st, 1918. Captain Bowlus continued in command until Jan. 1st, 1919, when he was temporarily relieved to assume the duties of Divisional Motor Inspector. He was relieved from this duty and returned to the Detachment April 30, 1919. Lieut. Sam. R. Nimmo was attached to command the Ordnance Detachment during this period. A detachment of twenty-five men from C and D Com- panies, commanded by Capt. Bowlus, was probably the first unit of the 79th Division under fire. This unit, having been ordered to Le Havre to acquire and deliver motor trucks assigned to the 154th F. A. Brigade, were returning, and on the night of August 13th, 1918, at Rouen, while driving into a British motor park for the night, were over- taken by a Boche air raid, which lasted over three hours and in which thirteen British soldiers lost their lives. All members of this unit, however, escaped injury. ROSTERS Note Concerning Rosters During its twenty-one months of existence, between three and four thousand men have been affiliated with the regiment. During the days of training at Camp Meade transfers into and out of the regiment were frequent. In preparing the his- tory it was first planned to include every officer and man who had ever been connected with the regiment. This proved impossible, however, because previous to embarking for France all former rosters were disposed of. The rosters as published therefore are prepared to include all who sailed with the organization or joined it after its arrival in France. The only exceptions to this are in the case of two or three officers, formerly of Train Headquarters or Motor Bat- talion Headquarters, who were vitally a part of the or- ganization, and had much to do with its training. 184 CQ M o o g a o o Id Ch d M S S ^ P cS .P5u ■ Tn > S .2 « • w « s o Sl^ ^ . 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