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 PREFACE 
 
 The purpose of these map studies is to fix more 
 firmly in the mind of the student the more important 
 geographic and pohtical features that have influenced 
 the history of the various countries of Europe. The 
 importance of knowing accurately the location of 
 places is being more universally recognized by history 
 teachers every year. There is no more effective or 
 quicker method of gaining that knowledge than by 
 careful work in map studies. 
 
 Every good history today is supplied with excellent 
 maps, but it has been repeatedly proved that too often 
 a hasty reference to these maps results only in a con- 
 fused general idea of the territory studied. Every 
 textbook map must necessarily contain very many 
 more features than the student is interested in at 
 any one time. The result is that he carries away 
 from the map a vague idea of boundaries, of the 
 location of many cities, or of the direction of a 
 specific trade route. But if that same student, after 
 outlining the continent, inserts those boundaries him- 
 self, marks in the cities, or traces the trade route, he 
 really learns their locations ; they have become a part 
 of his own background of history. 
 
 These map studies have been prepared to meet 
 the requirements of the several texts which begin 
 
 with the reign of Charlemagne; if the class is using 
 a text that begins with the events that followed the 
 Thirty Years' War, Maps I, III, and IV, and the first 
 assignment of Map II, may be omitted at the dis- 
 cretion of the teacher. 
 
 The extra tracing sheets make possible any addi- 
 tional exercises that the individual teacher may wish 
 to have the students undertake. It has been the pur- 
 pose of the authors in preparing this manual to allow 
 for a wide range of initiative by the teacher. In 
 courses which emphasize commercial or industrial 
 history the students may add to their traced maps 
 geographic or commercial features. 
 
 The flexibility of such a series of map studies as 
 this should be kept constantly in mind. All the 
 greater changes in the map of Europe during the 
 past thousand years are covered by the material in 
 this manual, but the teacher should not hesitate to 
 adapt it to the particular needs of his own special 
 courses. 
 
 The authors desire to express their gratitude to 
 Mrs. Helen K. Thomas for her valuable suggestions 
 in the construction of the map of Europe after the 
 World War. 
 
 THE AUTHORS 
 
CONTENTS 
 
 LESSON p^^g 
 
 I. Europe in the Time of Charlemagne (814) . 
 
 II. The British Isles g 
 
 III. Europe about a.d. iooo g 
 
 IV. Commercial Towns and Trade Routes (13th and 14th centuries) 10 
 
 V. Europe after the Treaties of Utrecht and Rastadt (17 13-17 14) 12 
 
 VI. The Partitions of Poland 
 
 14 
 
 VII. Europe at the Time of Napoleon's Greatest Power (1810) 16 
 
 VIII. Central Europe after the Congress of Vienna (18x5) " 18 
 
 IX. Germany after 1871 20 
 
 X. European Possessions in Africa (19 14) . 22 
 
 XI. The War Area of the Western Front (1914-1918) 24 
 
 XII. Europe before the World War (1914) ,6 
 
 XIII. The Balkan States before the World War (1914) 28 
 
 XIV. Europe after the World War (19 19) ,0 
 
DIRECTIONS 
 
 The pages of this book open to the left, the tracing 
 sheets to the right, so that as many tracing sheets as 
 may be required can be used with any one map. 
 Either pencil or pen may be used on the tracing 
 sheet, but the use of ink will result in clearer and 
 neater work. The use of colored crayons will simplify 
 the work in some assignments; for example, blue 
 crayon may be used where the gray stipple tint is 
 shown over the bodies of water in the printed maps, 
 although it is not essential that the gray tint be copied 
 on the tracing sheets. 
 
 In the textbook used by the class first find the 
 map or maps relating to the exercise to be studied 
 in this book. Turn the first unused sheet of tracing 
 paper at the back of this book to the right, then back 
 over the outline map. The tracing sheets as used 
 may be turned to the right and remain there. 
 
 Trace all lines exactly as indicated on the outline 
 map, including the title and the scale of miles. Then 
 complete the work as assigned on the left-hand sheet 
 facing the outline map. In cases where there is not 
 sufficient room to print or write a name on the map, 
 place a number in the proper position and then write 
 the number and corresponding name in the margin 
 or any other convenient place on the sheet. Where 
 indicated, the final assignment is to be done on the 
 printed outline map itself. 
 
 The most important places will be found on the 
 maps in all of the more widely used textbooks. If 
 less important names are omitted from the map used, 
 as will occasionally be the case, the teacher may deter- 
 mine whether such names are to be sought in other 
 reference books or omitted from the required work. 
 
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LESSON II 
 
 THE BRITISH ISLES 
 
 Note. The assignments on this map may 
 DC given at such times as the student has 
 studied the particular phase of English his- 
 :ory necessary to the work. 
 
 Assignment I. Locate London and 
 Z;hester, and indicate the Kingdom of 
 Wessex (England in the time of Alfred 
 :he Great, 878). 
 
 Locate the mouth of the River Tweed 
 md Solway Firth, and indicate England of 
 ;he Plantagenets (after Henry II, 11 54). 
 
 Indicate the England of Edward I, 
 who annexed Wales. 
 
 Assignment II. On a new sheet of 
 tracing paper indicate the four divisions 
 of the present Kingdom of Great Britain 
 and Ireland. 
 
 Locate the following cities ; 
 
 Aberdeen 
 
 Bristol 
 
 Canterbury 
 
 Chester 
 
 Cork 
 
 Dublin 
 
 Edinburgh 
 
 Exeter 
 
 Galway 
 
 Glasgow 
 
 Hastings 
 
 Liverpool 
 
 London 
 
 Oxford 
 
 Salisbury 
 
 York 
 
 Locate the following islands ; 
 
 Anglesey 
 
 Hebrides 
 
 Man 
 
 Orkney 
 
 Shetland 
 
 Skye 
 
 Wight 
 
 Assignment III. On the printed out- 
 line map locate the following counties of 
 England : 
 
 Note. This' assignment should be com- 
 pleted by placing the numbers of the counties 
 on the map. 
 
 1. Bedford 
 
 2. Berkshire 
 
 3. Buckingham 
 
 4. Cambridge 
 
 5. Cheshire 
 
 6. Cornwall 
 
 7. Cumberland 
 
 8. Derby 
 
 9. Devon 
 
 10. Dorset 
 
 1 1 . Durham 
 
 12. Essex 
 
 13. Gloucester 
 
 14. Hampshire 
 
 15. Hereford 
 
 16. Hertford 
 
 17. Huntingdon 
 
 18. Kent 
 
 19. Lancashire 
 
 20. Leicester 
 
 21. Lincoln 
 
 22. Middlesex 
 
 23. Monmouth 
 
 24. Norfolk 
 
 25. Northampton 
 
 26. Northumberland 
 
 27. Nottingham 
 
 28. Oxford 
 
 29. Rutland 
 
 30. Shropshire 
 
 3 1 . Somerset 
 
 32. Stafford 
 
 33. Suffolk 
 
 34. Surrey 
 
 35. Sussex 
 
 36. Warwick 
 
 37. Westmorland 
 
 38. Wiltshire 
 
 39. Worcester 
 
 40. York 
 
 In the same manner locate the follow- 
 ing counties of Wales : 
 
 1 . Anglesey 
 
 2. Brecknock 
 
 3. Cardigan 
 
 4. Carmarthen 
 
 5. Carnarvon 
 
 6. Denbigh 
 - 7. Flint 
 
 8. Glamorgan 
 
 9. Merioneth 
 
 10. Montgomery 
 
 1 1 . Pembroke 
 
 12. Radnor 
 
 In the same manner locate the follow- 
 ing provinces of Ireland : 
 
 1. Connaught 
 
 2. Leinster 
 
 3. Munster 
 
 4. Ulster 
 
THE BRITISH ISLES 
 
 50 
 
 Scale of miles 
 100 
 
 ■ 
 
 Copyright, 1920, by Ginn and Company 
 
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LESSON VI 
 
 THE PARTITIONS OF POLAND 
 
 Assignment I. The First Partition, 
 772. Indicate the territory acquired by 
 
 Austria 
 Prussia 
 Russia 
 
 Locate the cities 
 
 Lemberg 
 Marienburg 
 
 The Second Partition, 1793. Indicate 
 he territory acquired by 
 
 Prussia 
 Russia 
 
 Locate the following cities : 
 
 Gnesen 
 
 Danzig 
 
 Kiev 
 
 Posen 
 
 Thorn 
 
 The Third Partition. Indicate the 
 territory acquired by 
 
 Austria 
 Prussia 
 Russia 
 
 Locate the following cities : 
 
 Cracow 
 
 Lublin 
 
 Vilna 
 
 Warsaw 
 
 Assignment II. On the printed out- 
 line map indicate the following sections 
 of Poland : 
 
 Black Russia 
 
 Curland (or Courland) 
 
 Galicia 
 
 Lithuania 
 
 Little Russia 
 
 Ludomeria 
 
 White Russia 
 
 Indicate the neighboring territories of 
 
 Austria 
 
 East Prussia 
 
 Hungary 
 
 Moldavia 
 
 Pomerania 
 
 Russia 
 
 Silesia 
 
 Sweden 
 
 Locate the following bodies of water : 
 
 Baltic Sea 
 Black Sea 
 Gulf of Riga 
 
 Locate the following cities : 
 
 Breslau- 
 
 Buda-Pest 
 
 Riga 
 
 St. Petersburg 
 
 Vienna 
 
 14 
 
^^ — . 
 
 .. * 
 
 PARTITIONS OF POLAND 
 
 so 
 
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LESSON XI 
 
 THE WAR AREA OF THE WESTERN FRONT (1914-1918) 
 
 Assignment I. Locate 
 
 the following 
 
 Seine 
 
 
 The Hague 
 
 Departments of Eastern France : 
 
 Somme 
 
 
 Havre 
 
 Aisne 
 
 Ardennes 
 
 Haute Marne 
 
 Haute Saone 
 
 Marne 
 
 Meurthe- et-Moselle 
 
 Meuse 
 
 Locate the following bodies of water : 
 Bay of Biscay 
 North Sea 
 Strait of Dover 
 English Channel 
 Zuider Zee 
 
 La Fere 
 
 Lens 
 
 Laon 
 
 Liege 
 
 Lille 
 
 London 
 
 Louvain 
 
 Nord 
 Oise 
 
 
 Locate Helgoland 
 
 
 Mainz 
 Mannheim 
 
 Pas de Calais 
 
 
 Assignment III. On the printed 
 
 outline 
 
 Marseilles 
 
 Somme 
 
 
 map locate the following cities and 
 
 towns : 
 
 Meaux 
 
 Vosges 
 
 
 Aachen 
 
 
 Metz 
 
 Locate the following members of the 
 German Empire : 
 
 Amiens 
 Antwerp 
 Belleau Wood 
 
 
 Mons 
 
 Montdidier 
 
 Namur 
 
 Alsace 
 Lorraine 
 
 
 Bern 
 Bordeaux 
 
 
 Nancy 
 Ostend 
 
 Palatinate 
 
 
 Boulogne 
 
 
 Paris 
 
 Rhine Province 
 
 
 Brest 
 
 
 Peronne 
 
 Locate Luxemburg 
 
 
 Brussels 
 
 Calais 
 Cambrai 
 
 
 Portsmouth 
 Reims (Rheims) 
 Rouen 
 
 Assignment II. On the 
 
 tracing sheet 
 
 Cantigny 
 
 
 St. Mihiel 
 
 used for Assignment I locate the follow- 
 
 Chateau-Thierry 
 
 
 St. Ouentin 
 
 ing rivers : 
 
 
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 Sedan 
 
 Garonne 
 
 
 Coblenz- 
 
 
 Seicheprey 
 
 Loire 
 
 
 Cologne 
 
 
 Soissons 
 
 Marne 
 
 
 Compiegne 
 
 
 Southampton 
 
 Meuse 
 
 
 Cuxhaven 
 
 
 Strassburg 
 
 Moselle 
 
 
 Dover 
 
 
 Toul 
 
 Po 
 
 
 Dunkirk 
 
 
 Verdun 
 
 Rhine 
 
 
 Geneva 
 
 
 Waterloo 
 
 Rhone 
 
 
 Ghent 
 
 
 Ypres 
 
 24 
 
THE WAR AREA 
 OF THE WESTERN FRONT (1914-1918) 
 
 25 
 
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 50 100 
 
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