'V'^^ Vs^ y. ^-^ .°f ^'i : . ^v ^-^^^ i°ri. ^-^^x. ^or^ ,••; ^°^ x^-r^ ^.•-.••> " "^^.'^r^f^y %.•'».•-> %-*>t^f^ rj o V -n^. "-. .*^ c o " » « '^^ \ .... '^^ f,V . . _ X. - .._ _ '-A ^ ■' .V ^^^ **«■> 4 o^ .«" ^o. •■■■ ,«^ • V ^ r % °^ y-. ^^^■*> OV" ■■'*^. • "1 .«J,,5».. i9-r^. c> 'c. ,' A ^^ • < :-\'.'-^- <^ ^^ . •1 o>. i^-^.^ •1 o. TWENTIETH CENTURY HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY PENNSYLVANIA AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS BY ROLAND D. SWOOPE, Jr. •Study History, for it is Philosophy Teaching by Example" PUBLISHED BY RICHMOND-ARNOLD PUBLISHING CO. F. J. Richmond, Prtsident C. R. Aknold, Stcreiary and Treasurer CHICAGO, ILL. T is^i •Cs-so^ 4^ i5H3^ ^ \ PREFACE. Only those who have undertaken similar work can appreciate the amount of labor involved in preparing a history of a great county like Clearfield, particu- larly when, as in this instance, so much of the early history of the county is dependent upon local tradition and practically all of the early settlers have passed away. While great care has been taken to avoid mistakes, it is but natural that in a work of such an extensive scope errors will occur and for such as may be found in the book, the editor asks the indulgence of the reader. Whatever be its merits or imperfections, the work of preparation has been one of great interest and instruction to the editor. To the many persons who have so kindly aided us by giving information and data, we desire to take this method of returning our sincere thanks. Roland D. Swoope, Jr. CURWENSVILLE, Pa., June, 191 1. Note. — Sketches unrevised by subscribers are distinguished by a small asterisk (*). CONTENTS CHAPTER I PAGE Geography, Topography and Geology 19 Dimensions and Acreage of the County— Its Situation and Boundaries — Hills and Valleys — Streams — Character of the Soil — Geological Strata — Coal Measures — Conglomerate — Mahoning Sandstone — The Three Great Coal Basins — Fire-clay — Limestone-Oil and Gas-Iron Ore, Etc. CHAPTER II Indian Occupation 22 The Andastes — Their Conflict with the Iroquois and Partial Destruc- tion — Brule's Expedition — His Capture and Escape — The Lennia-Lenapes or Delawares — The Monceys — Their Subjection by the Iroquois — The Shawnees and Tuscaroras — Retreat of the Indians. CHAPTER III Land Titles 24 Charles the Second's Grant to William Penn — Penn's Lease from Gov- ernor Dongan — Indian Deed Confirming the Purchase — Indian Deed to Penn's Heirs — The Articles of Consideration — Penn's Will — His Sale to the Crown — Thomas Penn Assumes Charge of the Province — First Surveys — Early Land Owners — Litigation over Titles. CHAPTER IV The Early Settlers 27 Character of Clearfield County's Early Population — Former Political Divisions — The First White Settler — The Leading Pioneers of the County and the Credit Due Them. CHAPTER V Organization of the County 30 Penn's Division of Pennsylvania into Three Counties — Thirty-six Counties Formed in 1803 — Additions in 1804. Including Clearfield County — The Act in Regard to Same — Annexation of Clearfield to Centre County — Settlement of Jurisdiction — Appointment of Commissioners to Select Seat of Justice — The Site Selected and Named Clearfield — Population of the County in 1806 — Election Laws — Organization of the Townships and Boroughs. CONTEXTS CHAPTER \'I County and Other Officials 38 A List of the Principal State and County Officials — United States Sen- ators — Representatives in Congress — U. S. District Attorney — U. S. Marshall — Clerk of House of Representatives — State Officers — Senators, Representatives — President Judges — Associate Judges — Deputy Attorneys — General and District Attorneys — Sheriffs — Registers and Recorders — Treasurers — Prothonotaries — County Superintendents — County Commis- sioners and Clerks. CHAPTER VII Military History and the County Militia — The Civil War 44 Loyalty of Clearfield County's Sons — Military Organizations Before the \^'ar — Thirty-fourth Regiment, Fifth Reserves — Its General and Indi- vidual Record, Officers and Men — Forty-second Regiment, "Bucktails" — The Fifty-first Regiment — Fifty-ninth Regiment, Second Cavalry — Eighty- fourth Regiment. CHAPTER VIII Military History — The Civil War — Continued 74 History of the One Hundred and Fifth Regiment — Roster of Officers and Men — History of the One Hundred and Forty-ninth Regiment, with Roster — In Other Commands — Independent Battalion. CHAPTER IX The Spanish-American War 115 History of the Fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, with Roster and Individual Records. CHAPTER X The Press 174 A Sketch of Journalism in Clearfield County — The First County Paper — A Home-made Press — The "Banner"' — Clearfield Republican — Clearfield Whig — Raftsman's Journal — Clearfield Citizen — The Times-Monitor — Evening Herald — Clearfickl County Times — Curwensville Herald — County Review — The Mountaineer — DuBois Morning Courier — DuBois Express — The Enterprise — DuBois Morning Journal — Houtzdale Citizen — Osceola Reveille — The Leader-Courier — Coalport Standard — The Hustler, and Other Newspapers. CONTENTS 7 CHAPTER XI The Bench of Clearfield County 178 Clearfield County's Judicial Connection with Centre County Previous to 1822 — The Act of 1822 Providing for the Holding of Courts in Clear- field County — Population at That Time — Provision for Keeping Prisoners — Sketches of Hon. Charles Huston, Hon. Thomas Burnside, Hon. George W. Woodward, Hon. Robert C. White, Hon. John G. Knox, Hon. James T. Hale — The Twenty-fifth District Formed — Hon. James Burnside, Hon. James Gamble, Judge Linn, Hon. Joseph B. AIcEnally, Hon. Charles A. Mayer — Act of 1874 Providing for an Addition Law Judge — Hon. John H. Orvis Appointed — Clearfield County Created a Separate Judicial Dis- trict — Hon. David L. Krebs, Hon. Cyrus Gordon — Hon. Allison O. Smith. CHAPTER Xn The Bar of Clearfield County — Former Members 184 Character of the Clearfield County Bar — First Resident Member of the Bar — Sketches of Leading Members of the Bar in Former Days. CHAPTER Xni Clearfield County Bar — Present Members 193 Brief Biographical Notices of the Present Members of the Clearfield County Bar. CHAPTER XIV The Medical Profession igg Early Physicians of the County — Registration Law of 1881 — Alphabet- ical List of Physicians who have Registered in the County from 1881 to the Present Time, with Biographical Mention. CHAPTER XV Public Institutions 214 The Clearfield Hospital— The DuBois Hospital— The Clearfield County Home. CHAPTER XVI Education 220 A History of the Schools from 1834 to the Present Time— School Law of 1834— Compulsary School Law— Early Schools and Schoolhouses— Schools and Academies of Clearfield, Curwensville, DuBois and Other Towns. 8 CONTEXTS CHAPTER XVII Transportation Facilities 224 Turnpike Days — Water Transportation — The Tyrone and Clearfield Railroad — The Pennsylvania & Northern — The Buflfalo, Rochester & Pitts- burg R. R.— The Karthaus R. R.— The Beech Creek R. R.— The Cresson, Clearfield County & New York Short Route R. R. — The Philipsburg R. R. — The Clearfield Southern R. R. — The West Branch R. R. — The Curwens- ville & Bower R. R. — The Buflfalo & Susquehanna R. R. — The Franklin & Clearfield R. R. — The DuBois Street Railway — The Philipsburg Street Railway Co. CHAPTER XVIII Manufacturers 227 The Lumber Industrj' — Method of Operating — Rafting — Log Drivers and Lumber Arks — Conflict with "Square Timber" Men — Marking the Logs — Erection of Saw-mills — Decline of the Business — The Fire Brick Industry — Firms and Companies Engaged in the Business — The Tanning Industry. . CHAPTER XIX Financial Institutions 233 Banking in the Early History of the County — Private and State Banks — Special Act of the Legislature Necessary to Incorporation Before i860 — The Act of i860 — Unreliability of the State Banks — Passage of the National Banking Law — Banks of Clearfield County with their Oflficers and Directors. CHAPTER XX Agriculture 239 The Patrons of Husbandry, "The Grange" — Object of the Society — When Founded — The First Grange Founded in Clearfield County — Other Branches of the Society — The Clearfield County Agricultural Society. CHAPTER XXI Coal Production and Development 242 Early Coal Shipments — Early Coal Mines and Railroads — The Mos- hannon Branch of the T. & C. R. R. — Coal Companies and Proprietors — Description of the Mines, with Character of the Product, Quantity Mined and Shipped, etc. CONTENTS 9 CHAPTER XXII Religious Development 251 Pioneer Clergy of the County — First Services of the Different De- nominations — Early Churches and Meeting-houses — Growth of the Various Churches— Y. M. C. A. CHAPTER XXIII The Townships 258 Sketches of the Different Townships — When Erected — Boundaries — Population and Principal Occupations of the Inhabitants, etc. CHAPTER XXIV The Boroughs 318 Historical Sketches of the Boroughs of Brisbin, Burnside, Chester Hill, Clearfield, Coalport, Curwensville, DuBois, Glen Hope, Grampian, Hotrtz- dale, Irvona, Lumber City, Mahaffey, Newburg, New Washington, Osceola Mills, Ramey, Troutville, Wallaceton and Westover. CHAPTER XXV Statistics 333 Increase in Population Shown by Census Returns by Townships — Wealth of the County — Summary of Assessments for 1910. Representative Citizens 337 INDEX Adamson, James 813 Addleman, Charles C 675 AUdleman, G. Lloyd 801 Ake, Dr. N. F. K 374 Alexander, Hon. Joseph 760 Ardary. James M 539 Ardary, John R 539 Arnold, Samuel 779 Aughenbaugh, Austin H 836 Bailey, Charles C 463 Bailey, J. D 689 Bailey, Joseph 463 Bailey, Lewis E 791 Ball, John 943 Barnett, D. H 753 Barrett, Prof. H. J 580 Baummer, George J 751 Beatty, Austin 731 Beauseigneur, Joseph 745 Beauseigneur, Peter 370 Beuseigneur, Q. E 670 Beish, Isaac 573 Bell. Arthur A 766 Bell, Jlrs. Eliza C 699 Bell, Emory W 931 Bell, John W 699 Bell, Singleton 196 Bellis, Enoch 617 Bensinger, Joe 507 Betts, Frederick- G. ' 9S1 Betts, William 1 981 Betts, Hon. William W 973 Beyer, Lewis W. . 458 Biekford, S. M 567 Bigler, George R 197 Bigler. Hon. William 337 Bigler. William D 181 P.ilger, George M 475 Billotte, E. D 456 Bird, E. T 475 Blakeslee, Austin 464 Blandy, E. C 498 Bloom, Conrad 657' Bloom, Harvey 655 Bloom, Jolin 1 548 Bloom, John J 603 Bloom, John W 896 Bloom, Mrs. Luella 726 Bloom, T. Jeff 485 Bloom, W. Sloss 726 Bloom, Zaehariah M 679 Boag, John 436 Boal, Caleb T 546 Boal, James 546 Bonsall, Amos 511 Boone, Charles 598 Boose, Earl G. . . 198 Borst, Joseph J 781 Bouch. George W 349 Boultop, Hon. Harry 443 Bowman. H. L 423 Bowman, Jonathan 423 Bowman, Stacy 899 Boyce, Murray L 999 Boyce, William M 759 Boyer, Louis E 198 Boyle. J. J 966 Bressler, David 725 Breth, Adam 776 Briel, J. S 337 Brothers, Charles F 848 Brown, Albert S 960 Brown, David 600 Brown, Charles 580 Brown, Perry ■ 600 11 12 INDEX Brow n, Peter -iSl Brown, William H 580 Bryan, Vt. Wallace S 474 Buterbaugh, Jesse 937 Byers, Harry , ■ ■ 19" Byers, James W 860 Byers, John M. 868 Caldwell, James R 748 Caldwell, Reuben 834 Calkins. W. L 198 Campbell, Frank M 915 Campman. Frederick 904 Carr, C. P 644 Carr, W. S 897 Casey, T. F 977 Catlicart, Orant 569 Cathcart, James 570 Cathcart, William M 574 Catlicart, W. W 653 Chapman, Joseph H 938 Chase. A. R 197 Chase. Benj. F 197 Chase, John M 367 Chase, Rev. John M 367 Chase, Wm. A 195 Chick, William 653 Clary, H. B : . 953 Cole. Arthur L 195 Coleman. Henry M 918 Collins, Dr. Howard A 971 Conley, Frank G 626 Conner Harry C 667 Conner, John B 979 Conner, John C 667 Cooker, Frank R 884 Copelin, George S 555 Comely, Charles L 591 Comely, Dr. J. M 729 Corp. Jacol) W 577 Coudriet, Lawrence M 910 Cowder. A. W 465 Cowen. I. W 566 Cox. Michael J 404 Craiff. Frank 418 Craip. Michael 362 Croyl. James H 401 Curry. G. B 594 Dale, John A 400 Dale, .Toseph L 668 Dale, Roland E 814 Darr, Lucius L 846 Davidson, Archer 734 Davidson, Mack 731 Davis, Elisha M 341 Davis, Joseph 721 Davis, J. T 908 Davis, Thomas R 485 Davison, James 833 DeHaas, William T 505 Denling, W. A 655 Densham, William H 962 Derminer, Jules 839 Derrick, W. E 445 Dewalt, William A 474 Dielil. Blair W 829 Diehl. Harry E 973 Dielil, John C 733 Diem, Henry .1 735 Dietz, Frank R 735 Doherty. John 514 Doll. Joseph A 641 Dotts, John 489 Dotts. Philip 489 Draiicker, Arthur M 935 Draucker, Perry W 678 DuBois, John 631 DuBois, John E 630 Dunlap. David T 661 Dunliip. John R 760 Dyer, Fred J 681 Kcliard. Samuel B 357 Eillund, John F 823 Edwards, Leno W 197 Eisenman, Samuel A 713 Elliott, Dr. C. B 358 Erhard. C. E 652 Estrieher. Frank W 426 Evans, Frank W 883 Fargo, Waldo R 906 Fawcett, John E 591 Fennell, William 742 Fergtison, Edward W 773 Fielding, Frank 193 Finstliwait. Franklin 765 First National Bank of Osceola 498 Flegal. Dr. I. S 865 Flegal, William T 533 Forsyth, John C 197 Foulke, John T 404 Fowler, Edward 561 INDEX 13 Fowler, Samuel E 931 Frendberg, Andrew 856 Frendberg, Charles 867 Fry, Howard M 851 Fulford, George M 380 Fulford, John H 380 Fulton, David 843 Gafley, Thomas 503 Gallagher, Patrick 810 Gallaher, John F 483 Gallaher, George W 424 Gatehouse, James 381 Gearhart, J. E 343 George, Richard H 954 Gill, Charles G 488 Gill, Josiah 488 Gilliland, Joseph 889 Gilliland, Dr. W. S 824 Gilmartin, M. J 565 Gingery, Dorsey J 383 Ginter, George 443 Ginter, Henry E 443 Gleason, James A 198 Glenn, Asher G. G 372 Goff, Manley B 458 Gordon, Hon. Cyrus 717 Gorman, Anthony M 547 Gos8, G. 755 Gould, William A 558 Graham, John A 681 Grattan. Patrick 454 Green, John A 435 Griffith, S. Dorsey 978 Groff, John F 630 Grove, Harvey B 467 Guinzburg, Frank 732 Haag, Adam J 628 Haag, Amos G 862 Haag, Christian B 357 Hagerty, William A 973 Hahne, Frank 544 Halfpenney, George Y 857 Harber, Alfred J 945 Harder, Hon. .John E 968 Harper, Dr. Francis W 749 Harris, Hon. Frank G 374 Harris, Frank G 194 Harris, Hon. George A 634 Harris, .John 514 Harrison, Frederick J 802 Hartshorn, Benjamin 818 Hartswick, Howard B 196 Hay, Isaac D 619 Hay, William T 619 Heberling, John 665 Hegarty, David 530 Hegarty, Jerry 342 Hegarty, Reuben 506 Helper, William 858 Helsel, William 700 Henderson, David R 639 Henderson, Elwood >S 652 Henderson, Dr. J. L 457 Henderson, Robert 639 Henderson, Samuel T 747 Henderson, William A 639 Henderson, William H 747 Henry, Edgar T 787 Hensal, David C 771 Hepburn, Samuel T 834 Herron, Hon. David S 553 Hertlein, Christian M 816 Hess, E. W 425 Hess, C. H 782 Hibner, Delos E 537 Hibner, John E 527 Hickman, Henry 638 Higgins, Joseph G 517 Hile, Allen W 590 Hile, Anthony 403 Hile, Anthony 427 Hile, C. A 590 Hile, James H 403 Hile, Lewis L 803 Hileman, Clark 340 Hiller, Frederick J 372 Hiller, Philip Ernest 372 Killer's Sons, Isaac 371 Hilliard, Henry 836 Hilling. William 394 Holden, John S 744 Holt, John 477 Holt, Reuben 477 Hoover, Daniel W 565 Hoover, Henry 844; Horning, John H 892 Horton, J. K 197 Hosier, Rush N 949 Houst, Rev. Anthony 896 Howe, C. Cyrenius 805 Howe, Frank A 905 Hovt, Charles E 611 14 INDEX Hoyt, Hirani M 590 Hoyt, Isaac •- • - 590 Hoyt, James S -JSO Hoyt, Margaret 694 Hoyt, T. C 639 Hughes, Edward L 528 llullilieii. Balsar 718 Huniplircys, Thomas 662 Hunter, A. J 414 Hunter, Alfred R 413 Hunter, Jolin H 414 Hunter, Robert E 470 Hurd, Jidin W 955 Hurd, Melvin J 531 Hurd, Ur. Michael 343 Hutchinson. Adam S 742 Hutton. Frank 198 Ifcrt, Uriah J 599 Imhof, Fred C 616 Inipson, Lewis M 827 Ireland. Thaddcus 512 Irsvin, Alexander H 904 Irwin. Ellis 415 Irwin, John F 415 Jackson. Dr. Kohert 976 Jacobson, Gilbert 951 Johnson, A. J 915 .lohnson. Charles A 847 Jdlinson, Edgar A. 851 Ji)linsi)n, Elali 678 Johnson, Gust A 814 Johnson, (iuy L 900 Johnson, John A 664 Johnson, Joseph 562 ■Johnson, Alr.ttliew W 821 Johnson. Walfrid 878 Jnliiiston, David W 828 Johnston, Geo. W 720 Johnston, John C 627 Johnst(Ui. Robert M. . 82S Johnston, Watson L 720 Jones, Harry h 863 Jones. Robert K 607 .lones, Sanuiel M 579 Jones, William J 478 Jury. Isaiah 769 Kantz. Kdwin K 864 Kantz. George D 912 Kantz. Reuben H 887 Kastcn, Herman C 833 Keen, Thomas E 692 Kelley, James H 511 Kelly, M. J 365 Kephart, Simon 541 Kester, I. M 504 Kester, Isaac M 504 King. Dr. H. 904 King, Samuel M 629 Kinney, John M 800 Kinports, Porter 624 Kirk, A. M. & .Son 654 Kirk, Dr. George B 893 Kirk, George C 433 Kirk, Henry P 654 Kirk. .James E 976 Klare. Andrew J 871 Kleinginna, K. F 581 Kline, J. F 400 Knarr. Hon. George A 567 Kiiair. (Jeorge L. 568 Knarr. Hon. Henry S 608 Knepp, Isaac 356 Knepp, Matthew 417 Kohler, Fred 682 Kopp, William J 854 Kraih. William F 732 Kramer. Aaron G 194 Kratzer, Capt. J. Elliott 763 Kresge. Harry F 584 Kujawa, Joseph A 793 Kuntz. Jacob L 637 , Kyler. Leonard 442 'f Laing. Hon. James W 966 Lamont. Reynold 855 Langsford, William C 934 Lansberry, Archie B 832 I.arock, Joseph 889 Leafgren, Andrew 810 Leavy. Fred B 898 I.ee. Ash B : 711 Lee. John 592 Lee. Rev. Samuel 743 Leib, J. Lewis 730 Leipold, Dr. Bert E 488 Leonard. Alvin U 396 Leonard. .lames 646 Lewis. Marshall H 894 Liddle. Andrew 556 Liddle. W. H 556 Lightner, John L 389 INDEX 15 Lightiier, John L 3S9 Little. Wesley D 935 Liveright, Alfred M 453 Lixfield. Henry 594 Long, W. 940 Lott, Hon. Fred 793 Loughhead. David P 377 Lowell, Horace H 605 Lowell, Thomas J 605 Lukehart, Oeo. A •. 19S Lnmadue, William F 42S Luther, .James B 455 Luther, J. G 455 Luzier, T. S 664 Lyons, William H 689 Lytle, J. B 404 McCamley, James J 441 McCardell, Abner B 417 McCardell, David A 524 McCardell, Elmer B 382 McClelland, John A 864 McClure, John R 677 McCUire, Wilson 677 MeCracken, Edward M 921 McCracken, Fred S 914 MeCraeken, John W 197 McCracken, Joseph N 775 McCracken, Lewis 916 McCieery, John S 870 McCrossin, James 618 McCrossin, .John H 466 McCully, Alfred D 903 McCully, Solomon 348 McCurdy, Daniel W 191 McDermott, Peter 885 McDonald, Charles A 623 McDonald, Mrs. Mary C 518 McDowell, James E 92a McEnally, Hon. Joseph B . 487 McEnally, Wright 487 McFarlane. .James F 498 McGarvey. John J 734 McGaney, Robert H 691 McGee, James W 571 McGonigal, James L 950 McGrath, John B 531 Mcintosh, David 557 McKeage, George A 869 McKe^hen, H. D 620 McLarren, .John 498 McMullen, George F 453 McMurray, Giarles D 449 JlcMurray, G. R 355 McQuiUen, John T 463 McQuown. J. A 787 McQuown, J. S 638 McQuown, Martin L 196 McQuown, William W 503 MacMinn, Herman S 924 Magee, John A 879 Mahaffey. E. B 361 Malia lie}', James 757 -Mahatrey, John C 785 Mahaffey, William T 755 Mahaffey, William T 785 Maines, Alonzo Bigler 918 Mapes, M. V 737 Mattern, Charles 553 Matthews, Ira E 839 Maurer, R. S 867 Maxwell, Charles B 964 Means, Prof. Herbert G 508 Meas, James 1 526 Meckley. Samuel T 523 Menzie, William 626 Merris. John E 538 Merritt, Berten 875 Merritt, George 876 Merritt, Howard M 876 Merritt, John 876 Miller, Jacob H 969 Miller, Lewis P 943 Miller, Dr. 8. J 370 Miller, Wm. C 196 Miller. W. H 593 Mills, John 520 Milsom, Daniel 930 Minns, George. Jr 360 Mitchell, David 852 Mitchell, James 429 Mitchell, James T 772 Mitchell. Oscar 194 Jlitchell, William 429 Moore, Charles W 589 Montgomery, Andrew J 970 Moore, Herbert A 198 Moore, James S 468 Moore, N. R 450 Moore, Samuel R 897 Moore, William .S 625 Jlorrow, Mathew T 604 Moshannon Coal Company, The 965 Mossop, Frederick 423 16 IXDEX ilosbop, Richard 423 Mott, Nelson F 841 Moulthrop, Hon. Alonzo S 587 JIuuntz. Mrs. Ella 782 Jloyer, Daniel 932 Mover, Daniel A 958 .Mover, Peter 958 Jluirhead, Kobert S 869 Murray, Aaron 389 Murray, Alexander 772 Murray, Hazard A l'J7 Murray, Thomas H 772 Neeper, Leonard R 797 Neir, Gideon D 612 Neff, Isaiah 912 Neff, J. B 012 Nelson, S. A 483 Newconib, Mitchell 379 Newcomer, Josiah R 770 Norris, Blake W 891 Norris, James R 794 Norris, Capt. John H 749 Norris, Ord L 788 Notter, Charles H 473 Nowry, John 620 Nowry, Robert 620 Oaks, George W 362 O'Connor, John 881 O'Laughlin, James P 197 Olson, Emil 871 Owens, Emory E 877 Owens, Harry M 713 Owens, Henry 712 Owens, James C 948 Park, Dr. Milo E 798 Passmore, Eli L 696 Passmore, CJeorge C 670 Patehin, Aaron 656 Patchin. Aaron W 392 Patehin. Carl E 736 Patchin Family 656 Patchin. Jotm 656 Patchin, Hon. .John H 501 Patchin, Ray C 392 Patchin, William E 469 Paterson, Alexander 824 Patterson, Alex 196 Patterson, Wm. H 195 Patrick, Hon. Charles B 645 Patrick, Dallas 729 Patton, Charles E 963 Penepacker, Charles F 961 Pentz, W. C 195 Peters, A. G 428 Peterson, Andrew J 828 Peterson, Anton 825 Phillips, Zachary T 917 Pifer, Charles E 438 Pifer, George W 438 Pifer, James H 438 Pilkington. Fred 723 Piper, Dr, \V. S 391 Planten, (ieorge H 582 Pollum, Dr. James 1 831 Porter, Miles R 578 Porter, Robert 578 Potter, Hon. Johnson W., M. D 405 Potter, William B 944 Powell, A. J 463 Powell, (ieorge 391 Powell, William J 391 Pritchard, Lewis A 956 l\irnell. Dr. Howard G 581 Radebaugh, .lolin .^^ 606 Radebaugh, William H 606 RafTerty, .James L 623 RatTerty, John Y 623 Rauch, J. Wilson 861 Rea, James A 908 Read, David R 707 Read, Dr. F. B 932 Read, George W 874 Read, J. Perry 707 Read, S. C 685 Reams. William A 642 Redding. James 484 Reed, A, H 930 Reed, Frank B 402 Reese, George W 857 Reese, James W 813 Reidy, Michael 384 Reiley. Dr. W. Edgar 850 Reiter, John W 830 Renaud, Ernest 395 Ribling. Hon. Henry 804 Richanls. Daniel 368 Richards, .Tames 368 Richards, Josiah S 436 Richner. Hon. Jesse 937 Robacker, Oiarles E 891 INDEX 17 Robbins, Lewis C 880 Robison, Cyrus 433 Robison, Samuel 433 Roessner, Joseph W 673 Ross, Frank 869 Ross, George C 886 Rousey, Henry 969 Rowles, C. P 758 Rowles, Dr. John F 934 Rowles, Joseph H 525 Rowles, Dr. Lewis C 769 Rowles, L. William 525 Rudolph, Phineas W 774 Rumberger, Amos H 413 Rusnak, Martin 938 Sancroft, Jacob 859 Sankey , Mrs. Laura N 386 Sceurman, Jacob W 393 Schmitt, F. W 401 Schnars, E 534 Schryver, William T 777 Schultz, William 846 Schwer, Matthias 817 Seofield, Fred R 198 ScoUins, John J 974 Seyler, Joseph 650 Shadeck, Matthew 849 Shafer, Albert 419 Shafer, Jonathan 671 Shafer, Samuel 419 Shaffer, Emanuel S 964 Shaffer, John R 706 Shaw, A. B 339 Shaw, Joseph 394 Shaw, Richard 399 Shaw, William M 355 Shepherd, Nathaniel H 946 Shimel, H. M 539 Shimel, M. F 569 Shoff, Abram C 452 Slioff, C. C 497 Shoff, Harry J 719 Shoff, Robert M 844 Shugart, George B '. 373 Slaughenhoupt, J. A 516 Sloppy, George H 735 Sloppy. K. A 683 Smail. T. D 902 Smathers, Dr. Wilson J 738 Smeal, Daniel J • 8S8 Smith, Allison 353 2 Smith, Elmer B 884 Smitli, Frank 572 Smith, Frank S 601 Smith, George W 684 Smith, Harvey T 384 Smith, H. W 194 Smith, James B 666 Smith, James L 597 Smith, John N 941 Smyers, George W 440 Sneddon, J. S 597 Snyder, John F 195 Snyder, Thomas G 533 Snyder, T. Lansing 526 Somraerville, James L 919 Soulsby, James E 782 Spackman, James 416 Spackman, Dr. .James P 803 Spackman, William 416 Spencer, H. W 476 Spencer, L. W 476 Stagner, Henry 724 Stanley. G. M 907 Stauffer, James B 675 Steinkerchner, Joseph C 952 Steinkerchner, William B 951 Stephens, A. P 530 Stevens, Blair 711 Stevens, Lloyd C 560 Stevenson, John 503 Stewart, Leslie 842 Stone, John 385 Stott, Peter 933 Straw, Enoch 1 515 Straw, Harrison 441 Straw, Isaac 515 Straw, John T 704 Straw, Perry C 634 Straw, Uriah H 616 Strickland, J. C 703 Strickland. William H 559 Sullivan, Dr. John C 961 Sullivan, Patrick T 466 Sunderland, Thomas J 822 Sweeney, Harrison H 506 Swoope, Henry B 686 Swoope, J. B 547 Swoope. Roland D 365 Swoope, Roland D., Jr 396 Swoope, Wm. 1 196 Tate, Ira F 561 18 INDEX Telford, Mrs. Lavina 695 Thompson, E CO 3 HI 5 History of Clearfield County CHAPTER I. GEOGRAPHY, TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY. Dimensions and Acreage of the County — Its Situation and Boundaries — Hills and Valleys — Streams — Character of the Soil — Geological Strata — Coal Measures — Conglomerate — Mahoning Sandstone — The Three Great Coal Basins — Fire-Clay — Limestone — Oil and Gas — Iron Ore, Etc. Geography — Clearfield County is one of the largest in Pennsylvania, covering a territory of thirty-six and seventeen-twentieth miles from north to south, and about forty and one-half miles from east to west. It has an area of eleven hundred and thirty square miles, or seven hundred and twenty-three thousand, two hun- dred acres. It lies a little to the west of the center of the State on parallel 41°, 4' north latitude, and lon- gitude 1°, 30' west from Washington, D. C. It is bounded on the north by Elk and Cameron, on the east by Centre and Clinton, on the south by Cambria and on the west by Jefferson and Indiana counties. Topography — Clearfield County is situated in the western foothills of the Allegheny Moun- tains, lying between the main ridge and the great secondary formation known as the "Stony Mountains." Although at some points these hills reach an altitude of from sixteen to twenty-two hundred feet, they form no dis- tinct chains, but are interspersed with table- lands and valleys. The county is traversed by a number of streams, the most important of which is the West branch of the Susquehanna river, which has its source in Cambria county and enters Clearfield County at its southwestern boundary. It flows in a northeasterly direction through the count}' in a winding course of nearly one hundred miles, entering Clinton County at its western boundary. Finally it unites with the Xorth Branch at Sunbury, Northumberland County, forming the broad Susquehanna which empties its waters into Chesapeake Bay. The most important tributaries to the West Branch within Clearfield County are Chest, Ander- son. Montgomery-, Moose, Clearfield, Moshan- non, Deer, Sandy and Musquito creeks, and Lick Run, Trout Run and Upper Three Run. Moshannon Creek forms the boundary be- tween Clearfield and Centre counties. Clearfield Creek has two tributaries — Little Clearfield and Muddy Run. Chest Creek traverses the mountainous ter- ritory in the Southern part of the county. 19 20 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Anderson Creek has its source in the north- eastern part of the county, and unites w ith tlie West Branch at Cunvensville. It has several tributaries, the most important of which is Little Anderson Creek. These various streams furnish splendid nat- ural drainage to all sections of the county, and in the valleys traversed by them, large areas of very fertile land, suitable for agri- cultural purposes, are to be found. The highlands are well watered by smaller streams, and the soil is especially adapted for farming land. Although it is only since the exhaustion of the timber supply in the county, in the last fifteen years, that attention has been turned to agriculture, today some of the finest and most profitable farms in the state lie within the boundaries of Clearfield County. Geology — Gtology is the science which treats of the history of the earth and its life, especially as recorded in the rocks. The principal authorities on the science of geology have agreed upon the following clas- sification of the different periods of time indi- cated by the rock formation : Caenozoic Mesozoic Palaeozoic Eozoic AEONS Quaternary Tertiary Cretaceous Jurassic Triassic Upper Carbon- iferous Lower Carbon- iferous Devonian Silurian Cambrian Huronian Laurcntian ORGANIC REIGNS Man Mammals Reptiles and Birds Amphibians and Land imals Fishes Marine Invar teb rates Protozoans An- The principal geological measures appear- ing in the fonnations within Clearfield County are the lower carboniferous measures of the Paleozoic formation. It is by reason of the existence of the.se measures that the county is so rich in mineral wealth. What is known as the Pottsville or Serai conglomerate is the foundation of all the great coal fields and no productive coal measures have ever been found beneath this rock. The conglomerate is a coarse sand rock, con- taining large, white flint-like pebbles, and is a species of silicious quartz. W^herever it is found, it is considered as a sure indication of the presence of coal in the hills covering this rock. The out-crop of this conglomerate is usually found in the beds of streams, where the water has washed away the soil and ex- posed the surface of the rock. Clearfield County contains seven veins of bituminous coal that are thick enough to be profitably mined. These veins are designated by letters, the bottom vein being generally known as "A" and the top, or cap vein, as "G." Between veins "B" and "C" is an intennediate vein, usually found at a distance of thirty feet above "B." Between "C" and "D" are also found intermediate veins at about the same distance. Above the "G" or cap vein is found the Ma- honing sandstone, the presence of which indi- cates the top of the coal measures. Still above this are found the rocks composing what are known as the barren measures, such as are found near Ramey and capping the summits of the Bloomington Ridge south of Curwens- ville. There are three great coal basins which pass through the county in a general southwest and northeast direction. These are known as the AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 21 first, second and third coal basins, and are sep- arated by two anticlinals known as the first and second axis. The tliird basin is sepa- rated by the Boon's mountain anticlinal from the basin of Jefferson and Elk counties, known as the fourth coal basin. The first basin covers the coal territory of Gulich, Bigler, Beccaria, Woodward and Mor- ris townships, which include the Coalport, Madera, Houtzdale, Osceola, Philipsburg and Morrisdale coal developments. The second basin includes the Ansonville. Gazzam, Boardman and Karthaus sub-basins and the Penn township sub-basin. The third basin contains the Brady, Sandy, and Huston townships, and the DuBois coal territory. A more detailed account of the various coal measures and their operation may be found in the chapter relating to the history of the coal interests of the county. Another geological formation of great im- portance to the county is the fire-clay, which is found at the bottom of the lower coal measures in all three of the coal basins that pass through the county. It is found in veins, ranging from four to twelve feet in thickness, and is usually in three layers. It is of superior qual- ity and has been developed by manufacturing the various kinds of brick, which now forms one of the principal industries of the county. In many places in the county are found ex- tensive deposits of sandstone, which have been quarried on a large scale, the stone, on account of its peculiar qualities, and extreme purity and whiteness, is specially adapted for build- ing purposes and bridge work. Three beds of limestone have been found about two hundred feet above the river in Greenwood township. Various experiments have been made in burning this limestone, but it has been found to be too impure to make good lime. Several test wells were drilled for oil and gas, but were abandoned before reaching the proper strata, although all the geological for- mations along Anderson Creek indicate that oil and gas will be found when wells are drilled to sufficient depth. Small deposits of iron ore have been found at various points in the county. Attempts have been made to utilize this ore, the princi- pal one by Peter A. Karthaus at the old fur- nace on Moshannon Creek, but this enterprise did not prove successful. CHAPTER II INDIAN OCCUPATION The Andastes — Their Conflict with the Iroquois and Partial Destruction — Brule's Expedition — His Capture and Escape — The Lenni-Lcnapes or Delazuares — The Monccys — Their Subjection by the Iroquois — The Shawnees and Tuscaroras — Retreat of the Indians. A great tribe of Indians known as the An- dastes occupied the country now called western Pennsylvania as early as the sixteenth century. This tribe bclong-ed to the Algonquin family and were bitter enemies of the Iroquois, with whom they carried on continual war, until only a remnant of the Andastes remained. These survivors finally settled near the mouth of the river now known as the Susquehanna, and were called Susquehannocks or Conestoga Indians. In Chaniplain's narrative of his voyage of 1618, which is the earliest account we have of the West Branch valley, it is recorded that he sent a Frenchman, named Etienne Brule, with a small party of Indians to endeavor to secure the assistance of the Andastes in his attack on the Iroquois towns. Brule succeeded in this design, and marched with a large party of An- dastes to join Champlain, but was unable to reach him, because prior to his arrival Cham- plain had been forced to retreat. Brule re- turned with the Andastes to their camp, and spent the balance of the year with them. From there he attempted, with guides fur- nished by the Andastes, to reach Quebec, but was captured by the Iroquois. Finally he es- caped, and after many perils rejoined Cham- plain. After the Andastes left the West Branch valley, it was inhabited by the Lenni-Lenapes or Delaware tribe, who were also of the Al- gonquin family. The term "Lenni-Lenape" meant "Original People," and they were di- vided into various tribes. The Moncey, or Wolf tribe, the most active and warlike of them all, occupied the moun- tainous country between the Blue Mountains and the sources of the Susquehanna river. After the Iroquois had succeeded in driving out the Andastes, they made war upon the Lenni-Lenapes, whom they soon conquered. Terms of peace were made, by which the Dela- wares gave up their lands to the Iroquois, and thereafter held them as tenants of that pow- erful tribe. The Shawnee and Tuscarora tribes, by per- mission of the Iroquois, moved from the Caro- linas northward and occupied, with the Lenni- Lenapes, the country along the West Branch valley. These Indians occupied this territory until about 1750, when they were driven out by the encroachments of the white men, and moved west of the Ohio river. 90 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 23 There is no reliable data upon which to found a history of any greater length than we have given in this brief resume of the terri- tory which is now Clearfield county, at the time it was occupied by the Indians. There are many legends and traditions which have been handed down from the time the first white men followed the Indian paths through the West Branch Valley; but all of these are so intermingled with the Indian history of other sections of the State that to properly tell it would require more space than we have at our command. Suffice it to say that in this region, as in all others where the white man met the red man in the inevitable conflict of the superior against the inferior race, the Indians were forced back, and ever backward, toward the setting sun, from whence tradition told them they had come. The war-whoop was heard no longer, and the last Indian was driven from his be- loved hunting grounds along the river "Otzin- achson." CHAPTER III LAND TITLES Charles the Second's Grant to JVilliaiii Pcnn — Penn's Lease from Governor Dongan — Indian Deed Confirming the Purchase — Indian Deed to Penn's Heirs — The Articles of Consid- eration — Penn's Will — His Sale to the Crown — Thomas Penn Assumes Charge of the Provime — First Surveys — Early Land Owners — Litigation Over Titles. The lands in the province of Pennsylvania were granted to William Penn by King Charles II of Great Britain by Royal Charter, dated the fourth day of March, A. D. 1681, in payment of a claim which Penn's father, Admiral William Penn, had at the time of his death against the English Government, amounting to f 16,000. Under this charter Penn and his descend- ants claimed title to all the lands in the prov- ince, but in order to avoid trouble with the Indians, Penn's representatives, on coming into possession, negotiated with the various tribes for a release of their claim to the lands. In Vol. I, of Pennsylvania Archives, pages 121 and 122, may be found a copy of the cu- rious instrument, dated January 12, 1696, by which William Penn leased from Thomas Dongan. late governor of New York, for one thousand years, at the annual rental of a "pepper com." the lands of which Clearfield County is a part. Governor Dongan had acquired from the Iroquois, either by purchase or gift, the title which they claimed to said lands by right of conquest. On January 13, 1696, Dongan made a deed to William Penn for the same lands for a consideration of £100, and on Sep- tember 13, 1700, the Indian chiefs occupying these lands confirmed the purchase by William Penn by a deed which may be found recorded in the Recorder's office at Philadelphia, in Deed book F, Vol. VIII, page 242. By an article of agreement, dated April 23, 1 70 1, recorded at Philadelphia in Deed book F, Vol. VIII, page 243, the chiefs of the Sus- quehanna Indians confirmed the deed of Gov- ernor Dongan. Thirty-five years later, October 11, 1736, at a great council called at Philadelphia a large number of chiefs, representing the difYerent tribes, executed a deed forever releasing to John, Thomas and Richard Penn all titles and claims to the Susquehanna lands. This deed is also recorded in Philadelphia, in Deed book G, Vol. V, page 277. This deed describes the property conveyed as follows : "They, die said Kakiskerowand. Tayen- hunty, Caxhaayn, Kuchdacharj' Saweegateeos, Sachems or Chiefs of the Nations of ye Onon- dagoe-Kanickhungo, Tagachskaholoo, Sagoa- yaton-dackquas, Ashcoalaax, Hetquantagech- 24 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 25 ta, Sachems or Chiefs of the Senekaes; Sayueh- sanyunt, Sunaratchy, Kanawatoe, Tecochtsee gherochgoo, Sachems of Chiefs of the Cayoo- goes; SaHscaquoh, Shecalamy, Tahashwanga- roras, Sachems or Chiefs of the Oneydoes, and Sawantga and Tyeros, Sachems or Chiefs of the Tuskaroros, for themselves and on behalf of all the five nations aforesaid, and every of them, have given, granted, bargained, sold. Re- leased and Confirmed, and by these presents Do, and every one of them doth give, grant. Bargain, sell, release and Confirm unto the said proprietaries, John Penn, Thomas Penn and Richard Pemi, their Heirs, Successors and Assigns, all the said River Susquehannah, with the lands lying on both sides thereof, to Ex- tend Eastward as far as the heads of the Branches or Springs which run into the said Susquehannah. And all the lands lying on the West side of the said River to the setting of the Sun, and to extend from the mouth of the said River Northward, up the same to the Hills or mountains called in the language of the said Nations, the Tyannuntasacta, or End- less hills, and by the Delaware Indians, the Kekkachtananin Hills, together, also, with all the islands in the said River, Ways, Waters, Watercourses, Woods, Underwoods, Timber and Trees, Mountains, Hills, Mines, Valleys, Minerals, Quarries, Rights, Liberties, Privi- leges, Advantages, Hereditaments and Appur- tenances thereunto belonging, or in any wise appertaining." Among the articles mentioned as the consid- eration of this curious document, and partic- ularly interesting on account of the well-known peace-loving qualities of the Penns are : 500 lbs. of powder, 600 lbs. of lead, 43 guns and 25 gallons of rum, besides 200 lbs. of tobacco, and 1,000 pipes. William Penn died in 1713, and by his will, his property in the province was devised to his wife, Hannah, in trust to sell so much of his estate as was necessary to pay his indebted- ness ; and then to convey to his son by a former wife 40,000 acres of land; and all the residue of his lands in the province to his children by his second wife — John, Thomas and Richard. After Penn made this will, he agreed to sell his Pennsylvania property to the Crown for £12,000 and received part of the purchase money. This agreement of sale was never consumniated, but it caused litigation between the widow and children which was, however, finally compromised. In 1732 Thomas Penn came to this country to take charge of the province for himself and brothers, in whom the title of William Penn was then vested. In 1779 the Commonwealth of Pennsylva- nia purchased the title of the Penns for the sum of £130,000 sterling, by virtue of an act of assembly, approved June 28th, 1779, known as the Devesting Act. The first surveys of the land in the territory now composing Clearfield County were made as early as 1769. Among the earliest sur\'eyors were : Judge Smith, James Harris, Canan, Samuel Brady, the Indian fighter, and Daniel Turner. After the lands were opened to purchase, they were rapidly taken up and sur\'eyed, and patents issued to the purchasers, most of whom were non-residents. Among the largest land-holders were the Holland Land Company, Nicklin and Griffith, James Hopkins, McConnell and Reynolds, James Yard, Cramer and Bates, the Keatings, Charles Mead, Thomas Kitland, William Parker, James Wilson, Samuel M. Fox, Henry 26 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Drinker, George Roberts, Joseph P. Morris, Robert Morris, Jolin Hallowell, Walter Stew- art, Archibald McCall, Richard Peters, Rawle and Morgan, Phillips and Company, James C. Fisher and William Scott. These men owned many thousand acres of land in what is now Clearfield County. For many years after the organization of the county there was tedious and expensive lit- igation over land titles, most of which was caused by the difficulties encountered by the early surveyors, but these disputes were finally settled by the Supreme Court. CHAPTER IV THE EARLY SETTLERS Character of Clearfield County's Early Population — Former Political Divisions — The White Settler — The Leading Pioneers of the County and the Credit Due Them. First The future character of the population of a country is largely dependent upon the type of men and women who were the first to locate in it, and the people of Clearfield County are for- tunate in the fact that those who originally set- tled here ; who cut out roads through its for- ests, cleared its first farms and made them- selves homes, were of that strong and sturdy stock that produces men able to cope with great diiificulties and overcome them. These were the kind of men who were the early pioneers in opening up the territory now Clearfield County and battling with the forces of nature. Prior to the year 1804, what is now the great and rich County of Clearfield was a part of Lycoming and Huntington Counties. These counties were divided by the West Branch of the Susquehanna, those living on its Northern or Western bank being located in Lycoming county, while those who settled on its Southern or Eastern bank became citizens of Hunting- don county. It has long been a disputed question as to who was the first resident in the territory now comprising Clearfield County. Undoubtedly the first white settler was a man known as Cap- tain Edward Rickerts, mentioned in the jour- nal of James Harris, who surveyed along Clearfield Creek in the autumn of 1784. But it is argued that Captain Rickerts did not re- main long enough in this section of the country to be counted as a resident. So it is generally conceded that James Woodside, who settled in the vicinity now known as Brady township in 1785, was the first white resident of what is now Clearfield county. A monument to his memory was erected in Luthersburg cemetery in 1886, and a year previous the centennial of his birth was celebrated in the town of Luthers- burg. Some old residents of the central part of the county still insist that Daniel Ogden, who set- tled on the site of the present town of Clear- field in 1797, has a right to this honor. How- ever, it is entirely possible that Mr. Woodside lived on the western side of the great forests for many years, without ever coming in con- tact with Mr. Ogden. This theory peacefully settles the discussion and so we shall adopt it here. The next pioneer to come "up the river" was Arthur Bell, who arrived soon after Dan- iel Ogden. He settled in the locality now known as Bell township. His son, Grier, is said to have been the first white child born in this county. Next came Casper Hockenberry 27 28 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY and James McCracken, who were related by marriage to Arthur Bell, and settled near him. In 1799 Thomas AlcClure, better known as "Squire" McCIure, came to this vicinity from Cumberland. About this time a widow by the name of Lewis, but called "Granny Leathers" came to Clearfield and started a distillery. When the War of 1812 broke out, Granny disappeared, but. her son, David, remained. He, with sev- eral other men, made a good living by holding up and robbing the wagons of Bellefonte mer- chants. Finally they were captured by several Center county citizens, and David was shot, and died. Settlement became more rapid after 1800, and we shall not attempt to make more than a mention of the numerous families who came to this section of the country from 1800 until the year Clearfield county was organized. Longer accounts of some of tliese men may be found in the histories of the various townships and boroughs. Martin Hoover, who came from York coun- ty, settled in 1801, in what afterwards became Lawrence township, and Alexander Read, (who became the first postmaster in tlie coun- ty) settled in the vicinity the following year. Frederick Hennich, or Haney, built a home near Hoover about this time, and in 1803 Abraham Hess same from York county and located on Clearfield creek. Paul Clover, the first resident on the site of Curwensville made a settlement in 1801 at the junction of Ander- son creek and the Susquehanna river. Robert Askey settled just below this place at about the same time. David Litz made a clearing at the place afterwards known as Litz's bridge. He is said to have floated the first log raft down the river. Joseph Leonard occupied the cabin built by Captain Rickerts on Clearfield creek. Abraham Leonard settled on the Showshoe and Packersville turnpike in 1801. John Owens and Robert Graham settled on the oppo- site side of the creek about this time. Abra- ham Passmore, Henry Irwin, Thomas Mapes and Daniel Turner located along the river in 1802. Settlements were being made farther east at the same time; in 1801 Jacob Wise, Robert Anderson and a man named Potter made homes along Moshannon Creek. In 1802 John Kline settled near Montgomery creek, and Hugh Frazier built a cabin on W'oli Run. John Carothers built a house a few miles far- ther down the river the same year. William Bloom made a clearing along the Susquehanna in 1801 on the land now called the Irvin Farm. A few years ago Colonel E. -V. In'in of Curwensville had the site of this settlement marked by a sign bearing a suitable inscription. Others who settled along the river about this time were Robert Creswell, Benjamin Jor- don, George and John Welch. Jolin Ferguson, Peter Young, Samuel Ewing, Nicholas Straw, Samuel Fulton (the first prothonotary) and Leonard Kyler, for whose family Kylertown is named. After the organization of Clear- field county in 1804, the population of this ter- ritory increased rapidly. Of the many who came then, we mention the following: Thomas Forcey, Joseph Pat- terson (a maker of spinning-wheels), John Moore, W'illiam Tate, Robert Maxwell, Wil- liam Kersey, James and Samuel Ardery, Ben- jamin Hartshorn (who built the first tannery in this county), John Bennett, Nun England, W'illiam Hepburn, Joseph Spencer, Francis Stephens, Samuel Cochran (an escaped slave), James Gallagher, Hugh Carson, James Moore AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 29 (at whose home the first pubHc reHgious ser- vices were held), the Johnsons, David Wall, Caleb Davis, Gideon Widemire, Jonathan A\'ain, Dr. Coleman (who named our Gram- pian Hills), Joseph Boone, Abraham Goos, Nicholas and Henry Kephart, Valentine and David Flegal, Absalom Pierce, John Gearhart, Benjamin and Nicholas Smeal, James Rhea, James McNeil, the McKees, Dunlaps, Cath- carts, Ames, Feltwells, Thompsons, Currys, W'illiamses and Swans; Robert Collins, Jacob Spencer, W'illiam Alexander, Robert and Sam- uel Hagerty, Ignatius Thompson, Moses Nor- ris, John Rowles, Archibald and Robert Shaw, David Hanna, the Smileys. Dillons and Goons. From this time on, the country opened up by these courageous and industrious pioneers be- came more thickly populated year by year. Earge and productive farms were made, good roads built, towns and villages sprang up, un- til today it is hard for us to realize that all this country' was once a vast forest. It is harder still for us with our latter day com- forts and luxuries to understand the privations and hardships which these first citizens ien- dured. But as we read these names, which have come to stand for so much in our country, state and nation, we are moved to a deeper respect and appreciation of these men who made our countr^^ our prosperity — and even oursdz'cs, possible ! CHAPTER V ORGANIZATION OF THE COUNTY Petin's Division of Pennsylvania into Three Counties — Thirty-six Counties Formed in i8oj — Additions in 1804, Including Clearfield County — The Act in Regard to Same — Annexa- tion of Clearfield to Centre County — Settlement of Jurisdiction — Appointment of Commis- sioners to Select Seat of Jion the en- emy's works its was actively engaged. It was then under command of Colonel John Irvin, he having been promoted to that rank April 22, 1864. From the time of the opening of the campaign in May, until the close of the month of July, the One Hundred and Forty- ninth Regiment, according to the report of Colonel Irvin, lost two commissioned officers, and thirty-two men killed, six commissioned officers, and two hundred and forty-three men wounded, and one hundred and twenty-one missing, an aggregate of four hundred and four. On the 1 8th of August, 1864, the regiment joined in the first assault on the Weldon Rail- road. Although at close quarters, and in a se- vere struggle, on account of an admirable po- sition, its loss was very light, while that of the beaten enemy was quite severe. On the nth of September, they were relieved from duty at the front and went into reserve, and so continued until the 7th of December, when it joined in the grand raid upon the Weldon Railroad, and on the return therefrom acted as rear guard, in which position they were con- tinually harassed by the Confederate cavalry. In the early part of February, 1865, it joined the movement to Dabney's Mills, and participated in the engagement at that point, the last conflict at arms in which the gallant regiment took an active part. It was then de- tached from the Army of the Potomac and sent to Elmira, N. Y., where, with the One Hundred and Fiftieth, it was on guard duty at the camp for rebel prisoners. Here it re- mained until the close of its term of service, and was mustered out on the 24th of June, and proceeding to Harrisburg was paid off, and finally disbanded. Field and Staff. Colonels: — Roy Stone, August 30, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, July i, 1863; bre- vetted brigadier-general September 7, 1864; discharged by special order January 27, 1865. John Irvin, August 26, 1862; promoted from captain company B, to major Febru- ary 10, 1864; to lieutenant-colonel April 22, 1864; to colonel February 21. 1865; dis- charged by special order August 4, 1865. Lieutenant - Colonels: — Walton Dwiglit. August 27, 1862; promoted from captain company K, August 29, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; discharged by special order March 31, 1864. James Glenn, .\ugust 23, 1862; promoted from captain company D, to major April 22. 1864; to lieutenant-colonel February 21, 1865; discharged by special order August 4, 1865. Majors: — George \\'. Speer, August 26, 1862; promoted from captain Company I, August 29, 1862; discharged by special or- der March 23, 1865. Edwin S. Osborne, August 30. 1862: pro- moted from captain Company F, February AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 101 25, 1865 ; discharged by special order July 21, 1865. Adjutants: — John E. Parsons, August 30, 1862; promoted to captain and assistant ad- jutant-general U. S. Vols. June 30, 1864; resigned January 30, 1865. John F. Irwin, August 26, 1862 ; promoted from first lieutenant company B, Septem- ber 5, 1864; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Quartermasters: — John M. Chase. Au- gust 26, 1862; promoted from first lieuten- ant Company B, August 29, 1862; discharged by special order May 10, 1863. Darius F. Ellsworth, August 26, 1862; promoted from private Company K, to quarter-master sergeant February 21, 1863; to quartermaster November 22, 1863; to captain and A. Q. M. U. S. Vols. June 30, 1864: mustered out September 20, 1865. George W. Turner, August 22, 1862: pro- moted from sergeant Company F, to quar- termaster-sergeant November 22, 1863; to quartermaster October 18, 1864: mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Surgeons: — W. T. Humphrey, Septem- ber 12, 1862; discharged by special order January 17, 1865. Ab'm Harshberger, November 22, 1863; promoted from assistant surgeon February 4, 1865; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Assistant Surgeons: — W. R. D. Black- wood, September 12, 1862; promoted to surgeon 40th Regiment P. V., April 28, 1863. White G. Hunter, September 12, 1862; promoted to surgeon 211th Regiment P. V., September 22. 1864. William H. King, March 23, 1863; pro- moted to surgeon i82d Regiment P. V., July 27, 1863. David W. Riggs, February 15, 1865; mus- tered out with regiment June 24, 1866. John Graham, April 17, 1865; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Chaplain: — James F. Calkins, June 3, 1863; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Sergeant - Majors: — David Allen, August 26, 1862; promoted from private Company H, September 21, 1862; transferred to Com- pany H, June 18, 1865. William T. Easton, August 23, 1862; pro- moted from sergeant Company D, January I, 1864; to first sergeant 32d Regiment U. S. C. T. March 28, 1864, and to captain 103d Regiment U. S. C. T. March 18, 1865; dis- charged May 5, 1866. Henry Landrus, August 30, 1862; pro- moted from sergeant Company G, April 3, 1864; wounded and captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by general order May 31, 1865. W. M. Berkstresser, August 12, 1863; drafted ; promoted from private company G, June I, 1865; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Hospital Stezvard: — Adelbert J. Higgle, August 26, 1862; promoted from private company K, September 12, 1862; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Quartermaster - Sergeant: — Samuel L. Miles, August 26, 1862; promoted from pri- vate company B, to commissary-sergeant September 12, 1862; to quartermaster-ser- geant October 18, 1864; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Commissary-Sergeant : — Charles A. Da- vidson, August 26, 1862; promoted from 102 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY private company F, October 18, 1864; mus- tered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Principal Musician: — Henry Moyer, Au- gust 19, 1862; promoted from musician Company C, March i, 1864; mustered out with regiment June 24, 1865. Company B. Captains: — J^hn Irvin, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg. Pa.. July i, 1863; promoted to major February 10. 1864. William Holden, August 26, 1862; pro- moted from second to first lieutenant May 16, 1863: to captain February 11. 1864; dis- charged December 21, 1S64. John L. Rex, August 26, 1862; promoted from sergeant to first sergeant February 12, 1863; to second lieutenant February 20, 1864; to first lieutenant September 5, 1864; to cap- tain January 30, 1865; mustered out with com- pany June 24, 1865. First-Licutcnants: — John M. Chase, August 26, 1862; promoted to quartermaster August 29, 1862. John F. Irvin, August 26. 1862; promoted from sergeant to second lieutenant September 30, 1862; to first lieutenant Februar}- 20, 1864; to adjutant September 5, 1864. Albert B. Cole, August 26, 1862; pro- moted from sergeant to first sergeant ; to second lieutenant September 5, 1864; to first lieutenant January 30. 1865; killed at Hatcher's Run. Va.. February 6, 1865. Milton McClure, August 29, 1862; pro- moted to corporal February 14, 1863; to sergeant September 5, 1864; to first lieu- tenant March 27, 1865: mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Second Lieutenant: — Newton Read, Au- gust 26, 1862; promoted from corporal to sergeant August 31, 1864; to second lieuten- ant June 7, 1865: mustered out with com- pany June 24. 1865. I'irst Scry cant: — Oscar B. Welch, Au- gust 26, 1862; wounded at Laurel, Va., May 8, 1864; promoted from corporal to ser- geant; to first sergeant September 5, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. Sergeants: — William I. Bard. August 26, 1862; wounded at Spottsylvania C. H., May 10, 1864: promoted from corporal February 20, 1864; mustered out with company June -4. 1865- John Henry, August 26, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; promoted to corporal February 27, 1863; to sergeant June 6, 1865: mustered out with ccjuipany June 24, 1865. Edward Livingston, August 26, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; promoted to corporal September i, 1863; to sergeant June 6, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Charles W. Needier, August 29. 1862; promoted to corporal February 14, 1863; to sergeant February 20, 1864: missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5. 1864. Robert Fleming, August 26, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate June 26, 1865. Daniel Shunkweiler, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corjis, date unknow'u. Corporals: — Andrew S. Wall, August 26, 1862: promoted to corporal February 20, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Joseph Baish. August 26, 1862; wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; promoted AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 103 to corporal February 20, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. John H. Smith, August 26, 1862; pro- moted to corporal September 5, 1864; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Daniel W. Sloppy, August 26, 1862; pro- moted to corporal September 5, 1864; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Marion Sharp, August 26, 1862 ; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June iS, 1864; promoted to corporal June 6, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Charles P. McMasters, August 26, 1862 wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 23 1864; promoted to corporal June 6, 1865 mustered out with company June 24, 1865 Horace N. Toby, August 19, 1863 drafted; promoted to corporal June 6, 1865 mustered out with company June 24, 1865. George Hagen, August 26, 1862; pro- moted to corporal February 12, 1863; miss- ing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. William Curry, August 26, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, October 7, 1862. Ellis Lewis, August 26, 1862; promoted to corporal; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July I. 1863. John P. Spencer, August 26, 1862; pro- moted to corporal; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Thomas Adams, August 26, 1862; de- serted February 8, 1863. William Sloppy, August 26, 1862; de- serted July I, 1863. Musicians: — George L. Way, August 26, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. David A. Wilson, August 26, 1862; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Privates: — Joseph Alexander, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps January 10, 1865 ; discharged by general or- der June 2y, 1865. Bernard Adams, August 26, 1862; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. John Blair, August 26, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. \ Abraham T. Bloom, August 26, i862r wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; \ absent in hospital at muster out. \ David Bloom, August 26, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Calvin Becannan, August 13, 1863; drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. John W. Bowers, March 6, 1865: mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Jacob Burtner, August 13, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Benj. F. Brant, August 26, 1863; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; ab- sent in hospital at muster out. John B. Bott, September 19, 1863; substi- tute; absent in hospital at muster out. Andrew J. Brant, September 23, 1863; sub- stitute; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; absent in hospital at muster but. Willis G. Button, October 16, 1863; substi- tute; wounded at Petersburg, Va., June 18, 1864; discharged by general order May 31, 1865. Simon B. Benson, October 16, 1863; substi- tute; mustered out with company Tune 24, 1865. Henry M. Bloom, August 26, 1862; dis- charged by special order January 31, 1863. Jas. M. Boal, August 26, 1862; discharged by surgeon's certificate April 14, 1863. 104 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Reuben K. Barnhart, August 19, 1863; drafted; discharged by general order May 24, 1865. Conrad Barrett, August 26, 1862; wounded at North Anna River, Va., May 22, 1864; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; dis- charged by general order July 29, 1865. Jacob D. Birsh, August 26, 1862; deserted; returned; discharged by special order July 8, 1865. Chas. D. Button, October 19, 1863; substi- tute; killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 5, 1864. John H. Curry, August 26, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Jas. L. Clark, August 26, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. H. Connell, August 26, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5. 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Geo. W. Curry, August 26, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate, February 11. 1863. David C. Cady, August 19, 1863; drafted; transferred to United States Navy April 22, 1864. Samuel Connor, August 13, 1864; trans- ferred to Company A, 49th Regiment P. V., date unknown. James Cree. September 3, 1863; substitute; died at Culpeper, Va., December 28, 1864. John Crance, August 19, 1863; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5. 1864; died at Alexandria, Va., May 16, 1864. Richard A. Curry, August 26, 1862; killed at Gettysburg, July i, 1863. Joseph D. Dale, August 26, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. Delancy, March 5, 1865; mustered out with company June 24. 1865. John P. Doan, August 19, 1863; drafted; discharged on surgeon's certificate March 24, 1864. Daniel R. Davis, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; discharged by general order June 29, 1865. Wm. P. Dixon, August 26, 1862; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, date un- known. Rob. P. Dixon, August 26, 1862; died at Andersonville, Ga., July 26, 1864; grave 4087. Eli Erhart, August 26, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate February 27, 1863. Michael Fulermer, August 13, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1S64. Cornelius Fitzgerald, August 24. 1863; drafted : absent in hospital at muster out. Luther Fisler, August 16, 1863; substi- tute; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. David Fink, August 26, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Mortimer Farley, March 31, 1864; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Henry Farley, November 7, 1863; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by special order April 8, 1865. Morris Farley, August 26, 1862 : wounded at Weldon Railroad, Va., Aug. 21. 1864; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, date unknown. Wm. Fleming, August 26, 1862; killed at Gettysburg, Pa.. July i, 1863. Wm. C. Gibbs, October 13, 1864; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Samuel GafYord, August 18, 1863; drafted; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by general order June 8, 1865. Samuel George, August 26, 1862; trans- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 105 ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, date un- known. Benjamin F. George, August 26, 1862; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. David C. Heiges, August 26, 1862; absent in hospital at muster out. Andrew Heiges, August 26, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. George W. Hardinger, August 26, 1863; drafted; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Wm. Hardegan, August 26, 1863 ; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. James K. Hancock, August 26, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Charles Hawk, September 16, 1863; sub- stitute; discharged by special order March 25, 1864. James W. Henry, August 26, 1862; dis- charged by general order May 19, 1865. Wm. H. Harding, November 7, 1863; cap- tured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; dis- charged by general order June 12. 1865. Miles H. Hang, August 26, 1862; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; discharged by general order July 12, 1865. Bailey Heiges, September 24, 1863; substi- tute; died at Washington, D. C, December 20, 1863; buried in Military Asylum Ceme- tery. Alexander Haney, August 26, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, February 5, 1864. Andrew T. Jackson, August 26, 1862; de- serted ; returned ; discharged by special order July 8, 1865. Barnard Kemper, September 12, 1868; drafted ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Levi Kegg, September 23, 1863; substi- tute; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; absent in hospital at muster out. Darius Knapp, August 19, 1863; drafted; died at Culpeper C. H. Va., December 28, 1865. George W. Leech, November 8, 1863; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Andrew Lembie, September 26, 1863; sub- stitute; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. David W. Lee, August 26, 1862; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Jacob T. Leins, August 26, 1862 ; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; discharged on surgeon's certificate April 2, 1864. John Lininger, August 26. 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps, date unknown. Wm. Lewis, August 26, 1862; deserted July I, 1863. James B. Martin, March 7, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. John H. Mock, October 2, 1863; substi- tute; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Luke S. Munn, August 26, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate April i, 1864. Wm. A. Moore, March 7, 1865 ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Samuel L. Miles, August 26, 1862; promo- ted to commissary-sergeant September 12, 1862. John A. Murphy, August 26. 1862; died at Philadelphia, Pa., July 11, 1865, buried in Military Asylum Cemetery, Washington, D. C. James L. McCullough, August 26, 1862; absent in hospital at muster out. James M. McDowell, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; 106 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY discharged on surgeon's certifkate April 2^, 1864. George McDowel, August 26, 1862; dis- charged by special order October 14, 1862. Harvey McCracken, August 26. 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; dis- charged by general order July 17, 1865. William H. McKee, August 26, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, November 21, 1862. Thomas McKenzie, August 17, 1863; drafted; killed at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864. Samuel McClure, August 26, 1862; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i. 1863. James M. McKee, August 26, 1862; de- serted Februar)' 8, 1863. William H. McDonald, August 26, 1862; deserted February 12, 1863. Shadrik H. Phillips, August 26, 1862; died August 22, 1863; buried in Cypress Hill Cem- etery, L. I., grave 815. Joseph G. Russell, March 8, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Philip Rigard, September 15, 1863; drafted wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Henry Runyan, August 13, 1863; drafted; discharged by special order July 18, 1865. Richard Rowls, August 26, 1862; deserted June 14, 1865. Harvey F. Smith, March 8, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Daniel Smith. August 26, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1865. Samuel Stine. August 14, 1863; drafted; mustered out with coinpany June 24. 1865. Rob. H. Slocum. April 23, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. H. Stage, August 26, 1862; discharged by special order September 2, 1863. Jacob Seigler, August 14, 1863; drafted; wounded at Cold Harbor, Va., June 2. 1864; discharged by general order May 17, 1865. Benjamin F. Shave, August 19, 1863; drafted; wounded at Hatcher's Run, Va., February 6, 1865; discharged by general order May 16, 1865. Daniel Shumber, September 15, 1863; sub- stitute ; deserted ; returned ; discharged by spe- cial order July 8, 1865. William Smith, August 26, 1862; deserted February 12, 1863; returned; discharged by special order July 8, 1865. Columbus Smith, Aug. 26, 1862; deserted; returned ; discharged by special order July 8, 1865. Franklin Smith, August 26, 1862; deserted; returned ; discharged by special order July 8, 1865. Sylvanus Snyder, August 26, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Va., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reser%'e Corps, date unknown. W. Stambaugh, August 26, 1862; died at Orange Court House. Va., of wounds received at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 18G4. Andrew J. Sawer, August 19, 1863; sub- stitute: killed at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1865. William Slocum, August 19, 1863; drafted; died at Washington, D. C, December 19, 1864; buried in National Cemetery. Arlington. Va. Samuel Starr, August 26. 1862; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. Willis Taylor, March 8, 1865 ; mustered out with company June 24. 1865. Thomas Tcmpleton, February 25, 1865; deserted June 14. 1865. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 107 Martin Van Buren, March lO, 1865; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Amos Wall, March i, 1865; mustered out with coinpany June 24, 1865. Jos. G. WilHams, August 26, 1862 ; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Henry Wynn, Jr., September 15, 1863; drafted ; wounded at Spottsylvania Court House, May 16, 1864; mustered out with com- pany June 24, 1865. Ira C. Wood, August 19, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. S. Ward, August 16, 1863; draft- ed ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Alex. J. Wolford, September 23, 1863; sub- stitute; wounded at Weldon Railroad, Va., September 20, 1864. Francis Ward. September 14, 1863; substi- tute; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. John Waterson, August 26, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. James A. Wilson, August 26, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate December 12, 1862. John Wimer, August 26, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate March 12, 1863. John Wolf, September 19, 1865; substi- tute; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by general order June 12, 1865. John Whitfield, August 26, 1862; drafted; discharged September 7, 1863. Joseph Whitman, August 26, 1862; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps; discharged by general order November 18, 1865. Jacob Zerr, September 23, 1863; drafted; aDsent in hospital at muster out. Company E. Captains: — Zara C. McCullough, August 30, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate De- cember 12, 1863. Amos Row, August 30, 1862; promoted from first lieutenant January 30, 1864; wounded at Hatcher's Run, Va., February 6, 1865 ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. First Lieutenant : — Thomas Liddell, August 23, 1862; promoted from first sergeant to sec- ond lieutenant February 3, 1864; to first lieu- tenant April 22, 1864; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Second Lieutenants: — Meredith L. Jones, August 30, 1862; commissioned first lieuten- ant December 11, 1863; not mustered; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate March 18. 1864. Robert A. Mitchell, August 23. 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; and at Petersburg. Va., June 18, 1864; promoted from sergeant to first sergeant February 3, 1864; to second lieutenant April 22, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. First Sergeant: — James W. Irwin, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa.. July i, 1863; and at Wilderness, Va., May 5. 1864; promoted from sergeant April 26, 1864; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Sergeants: — Wesley H. Shirey, August 29, 1862 ; promoted to corporal November i, 1862 ; to sergeant May i, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Hiram H. Hawk, August 26, 1862; pro- moted to corporal January i. 1863; to sergeant January i, 1864; wounded at Petersburg, Va., 108 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY May 8, 1864; mustered out witli company June 24, 1865. Abednego Crane, August 23, 1862; pro- moted to corporal September i, 1863; to ser- geant April 26, 1864: wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; mustered out with company June 24. 1865. Milton S. Lawhead, August 23, 1862: pro- moted to corporal September i, 1863: to ser- geant September 26, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Cornelius Owens, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i. 1863; promoted to second lieutenant 41st Regiment U. S. C. T. September 26, 1864; discharged September 30, 1865. William L. Antes, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 15, 1864. George W. Miller, August 23, 1862: pro- moted from corporal April 26, 1864: killed at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Corporals: — Michael B. Cramer, August 23, 1862: wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; promoted to corporal November i, 1863; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; died at Florence, S. C, or Salisbury, N. C, January 10, 1865. George W. Luzere, August 29, 1862 promoted to corporal November i, 1863 mustered out with company June 24, 1865 John M. McCumber, August 23, 1862 promoted to corporal January i, 1864 mustered out with company June 24, 1865 John W. Dehess, August 23. 1862 wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864 promoted to corporal April 26, 1864; dis- charged by general order July 6, 1865. William F. Krise, August 23, 1862; pro- moted to corporal April 26, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. William L. Taylor, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863, and at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; pro- moted to corporal April 26, 1864; mustered out W'ith company June 24, 1865. Jason Kirk, Jr., August 23, 1862; dis- charged by general order May 13, 1865. John H. Mason, August 23, 1862; dis- charged January 28, 1864, for wounds re- ceived at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. William Pierce, August 24, 1862; dis- charged January 7, 1864, for wounds re- ceived at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. Stephen Brundage, August 29, 1862; promoted to corporal ; died at Washington, D. C, October 30, 1862. James A. Birchfield, August 23, 1862; promoted to corporal ; died at Clearfield, Pa., August 18, 1863. Abram B. Davis, August 23, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, September 29, 1862. Benj. B. McPherson, August 2^, 1862; promoted to corporal ; killed at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, 1863. Musicians: — James H. West, August 23, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Hiram G. Blair, August 29. 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Privates: — Henry C. Alleman, September 19, 1863; drafted: wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with com- pany June 24, 1865. John Allen, September 14, 1863; drafted; discharged by special order December 18, 1863. Joshua Armstrong, August 23, 1862; dis- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 109 charged on surgeon's certificate December 5, 1S63. John W. Alworth, August 29, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate December 10, 1863. George W. Ardry, August 23, 1862; died at Bealton Station, Va., September 9, 1863. Robert J. Alexander, September 22, 1863; drafted; died at Alexandria, Va., December 20, 1863; burial record, Decem- ber 22, 1863; grave 1219. John R. Ball, August 23, 1862; wounded at Vv'^ilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Daniel Baker, August 27, 1863; drafted; discharged by general order June 2. 1865. John A. Bobst, August 15, 1863; drafted; wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Frederick Beesecker, August 27, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. George Baight, August 24, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Thomas Boyden, August 15, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. David Bowman, October 14, 1863 ; drafted ; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864, and at Hatcher's Run, February 6, 1865 ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James Baine, August 15, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. John F. Bowman, October 14, 1863; drafted: wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; transferred to V. R. C. ; discharged by general order July 31, 1865. James S. Bradley, August 23, 1862 ; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate March 25, 1863. James H. Bush, August 25, 1862 wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864 and at Hatcher's Run, February 6, 1865 discharged by general order May 17, 1865 Perry A. Bush, August 14, 1863; drafted captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864 discharged by general order June 12, 1865 Michael Baine, September 12, 1863 drafted; discharged by special order Sep- tember 13, 1864. David B. Bernard, August 23, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps March 30, 1864; discharged August 23, 1865 — expiration of term. James R. Brewer, August 25, 1863; drafted; died at Alexandria, Va., June 6th, of wounds received at Laurel Hill, May 8, 1864. George W. Bowman, October 14, 1863; drafted; died at Andersonville, Ga., Oc- tober i8th of wounds received at Wilder- ness, May 5, 1864; grave 11087. Calvin Bowman, October 14, 1863 ; drafted; died at Washington, D. C, May 18, 1864; buried in National Cemetery, Arlington, Va. 'William Carr, August 23, 1862; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864. Jos. P. Catherman, August 23, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Benj. F. Carr, August 23, 1862; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 6, 1864; died at Annapolis, Md., March 11, 1865. Joseph M. Cook. August 15, 1863; drafted ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Francis Culloton, August 15, 1863; 110 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY drafted ; mustered out witli company June 24, 1865. Justice Carey, September 11. 1863; drafted; wounded at \\'ilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by general order June 24, 1865. Joiin M. Caldwell, August 23. 1862: dis- charged on surgeon's certificate November 26, 1862. Peter Curley, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps December 15, 1863. David Cramer, August 23, 1862; wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; died at Washington, D. C, June 3rd — burial record June 6th — of wounds received at Spottsylvania C. H., Va.. May 12, 1864; buried in Cypress Hill Cemetery, L. L John L. Cavender, September 15, 1863; drafted ; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5th : died at Andersonvillc, Ga., September 14, 1864; grave 8700. Patrick Culloton, August 29, 1862; de- serted January 29, 1863. Valentine Dice, February 26, 1864; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864: absent at muster out. David Dulberger, August 15, 1863; drafted: mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Edwin R. Dailey, August 29, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate April i, 1863". Jas. H. Dauglierty, August 29, 1862: dis- charged on surgeon's certificate April i, 1863'. Wm. Davis, August 15, 1863; drafted; died at Washington, D. C, January 2, 1864. John Darcy, August 29, 1862; died at Belle Plaine, Va., March 11. 1863. Tobias Edward, August 15, 1863; drafted; captured at Weldon Railroad, Va., August 21, 1864; discharged by general order June 12, 1865. John Funk, August 15, 1862: drafted; wounded at Petersburg, Pa., June 18, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James M. Fo.k, August 2;^, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate March 21, 1864. Frank Freel, August 23. 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps February 15. 1864. Charles Fry, August 15, 1862; drafted; died December 27, 1863 — burial record December 28th — at Alexandria, Va. ; grave 1236. James W. Goss, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; absent in hospital at muster out. Edward Goss, August 23, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Charles H. Garrison, August 29, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Frederick Gamp, October 16, 1863; drafted : discharged by general order, June, 1865. Samuel C. Gephart, August 24, 1863; drafted; wounded at Laurel Hill, Va., May 8, 1864; mustered out with company Jime 24, 1865. Jas. W. Guthery, September 22, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Augustus Grey, Februarj^ 7, 1865: dis- charged by general order June 2, 1865. Wm. Grey, February 24, 1865; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 111 Henry P. Hummel, August 29, 1862; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. Gready, August 29, 1863; deserted January 29, 1863. Nathan Haring, August 29, 1863: miss- ing in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. Andrew Hamaker, August 14, 1863; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Wm. Hoover, August 23, 1862 ; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate March 20, 1863. Michael Hinkle, August 15, 1863; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; discharged by general order May 17, 1865. Elias Heddings, October 15, 1863; drafted; died at Washington, D. C, May 19th of wounds received at Spottsylvania C. H., Va., May 12, 1864: buried in National Cemetery, Arlington. Martin Hashuishall, August 17, 1863; drafted; wounded and captured at Wilder- ness, Va., May 5, 1864: died at Anderson- ville, Ga., September 27, 1864; grave 9843. Wm. H. Ike, August 25, 1862; captured at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; died at Wilmington, N. C, March 26, 1865; buried in National Cemetery; grave 1002. John C. Johnson, August 2^, 1862; ab- sent in hospital at muster out. James T. Jones, August 23, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, November 20, 1862. Oliver H. P. Krise, August 23, 1862; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Daniel S. Kephart, August 23, 1862; missing in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, 1863. John Kivlan, August 29, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate December 28, 1862. Andrew Krise, August 22,, 1862; de- serted; dishonorably discharged June 18, 1864. Christian Lanich, August 23, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James Lucas, z\ugust 29, 1862; wounded and missing in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July I, 1863. Joseph Linard, August 17, 1863; drafted: wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Chas. Larimer, August 23, 1863; wounded at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863; discharged by general order June 12, 1865. Harvey Lloyd, August 23, 1862; trans- ferred to Veteran Reserve Corps December 15, 1861. William Mays, August 30, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. John Miller, September 14, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. David S. Maxwell, August 17, 1863; drafted ; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James D. Maffit, August 23, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate January 12, 1863. Alonzo J. W. Merrell, August 23, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate February II, 1863. Thomas E. Miller, August 23, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate April i, 1863. William L. Mackey, August 23, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, January 12, 1863; buried in Military Asylum Cemetery. 11: HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY William H. Miller, August 25, 1862; de- serted February 16, 1863. George McCanns, August 17, 1863; drafted: mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James D. McMuIIin, February 7, 1865; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Patrick McCail, August 29, 1862; deserted Januar>- 29, 1863. Levi F. Noss, August 14, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. John H. Ogden. August 23, 1862; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. William H. Phillips, August 23, 1862; miss- ing in action at Gettysburg, Pa., July i, 1863. Henry W. Peters, August 23, 1862; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Benjamin F. Peterson, August 27, 1862; drafted: mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Peter Pfeffer, August 23, 1862; discharged on surgeon's certificate April i, 1863. James Rinehart, August 23, 1862 ; wounded at Gettysburg. Pa., July i, 1863; absent, sick, at muster out. Henry Rose, August 14, 1863; drafted; dis- charged by special order June 29, 1865. Lazarus A. Riggle, August 15. 1863; drafted; wounded at Wilderness, Va., May 5, 1864; mustered out with company June 14, 1865. Cortes Reams, August 23, 1862; trans- ferred to Veteran Resen-e Corps December 15, 1863. William S. Renshaw, October 16, 1863; drafted: captured at Weldon Railroad. Va., August 21, 1864; died at Salisbury, N. C, De- cember 26, 1864. J. C. W. Reynolds, August 2;^, .1862; de- serted November 26, 1862. Elias Schoepp, August 23, 1862; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Henry B. Snyder, September 14, 1863; drafted ; missing in action at Wilderness, Va., May 5. 1864. Henr)' A. Snyder, August 14, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James Steele, August 28, 1863; drafted; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. James C. Sutton, February 7, 1865; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. Oliver Smith, August 29, 1862; died at Washington, D. C, June 18, 1863; buried in Military Asylum Cemetery. Henry Shaffer, August 13, 1863; drafted; died at Warrentown Junction, Va., November 9. 1863. William F. Snyder, September 14, 1863; drafted; died at Warrentown Junction, Va., November 12, 1863. William O. Snyder, August 27, 1863; drafted; died at Paoli Mills, Va., December 18, 1863; buried in National Cemetery, Cul- peper C. H., block i, section A, row 9, grave 302. Samuel Smith, August 23. 1862; deserted February 3, 1863. Levi L. Tate, August 23. 1862; absent on detached ser\-ice at muster out. John Tilus, August 29, 1862; killed at Wil- deniess, Va., May 5, 1864. Edward Tinsdale, October 6, 1863; drafted; captured May 21, 1864; died at Andersonville, Ga., July 28, 1864, grave 4160. Joseph R. Weasner, August 23, 1862 ; mus- tered out with company June 24, 1865. John Woleslagle. August 29, 1862; dis- charged on surgeon's certificate October 2, 1864. Chester O. Wells, August 23, 1862; dis- H. S. KNAKR STORK H. S. KXAKK HAKX ^.■Z3S#ft > to c o > AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 113 charged on surgeon's certificate January 30, 1863. Phil. M., Woleslagle, August 29, 1862; transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps Decem- ber I, 1863. Edward Williamson, October 16, 1863; drafted ; wounded and captured at North Anna River, Va., May 23, 1864; died at Richmond June 6, 1864. Samuel Yocum, August 14, 1863; drafted; wounded at V^ilderness, Va., May 5, 59th Regiment, 2d Cavalry, 1864; mustered out with company June 24, 1865. Company F. Recruited in Clearfield and Centre Counties. Captains: — P. Benner Wilson, August 18, 1861 ; promoted to major October 28, 1862. W. W. Anderson, September 14, 1861 ; promoted from ist lieutenant, company E, to captain, February 2, 1863; to major i8ist Regiment P. V., February 18, 1864. Clement R. See, November 10, 1861 ; promoted from 2d to ist lieutenant Oc- tober 2, 1862; to captain April 23, 1864; wounded at St. Mary's Church, Va., June 24, 1864; discharged September 6, 1864. William H. Sheller, October 10, 1861 ; promoted from ist sergeant to 2d lieuten- ant May 2, 1864; to captain December 25, 1864: transferred to company F, ist Cav- alry, June 17, 1865; veteran. IN OTHER COMMANDS From the upper part of the county a con- tingent of some fifteen men were enlisted, which formed a part of Company H, of the Sixty-Fourth Regiment — the Fourth Cav- alry. They were enlisted mainly in Burn- side and the surrounding townships, but the military record gives this county no credit for any part of that or any other company of the Sixty-Fourth. The regiment entered the service in October, 1861, and was mustered out in July, 1865. Clearfield county was also represented in Battery A, First Regiment of artillery — Campbell's Battery, the Forty-Third in the line. The contingent was small, compris- ing less than ten recruits. INDEPENDENT BATTALION. Mustered in July 3-28, 1863 — Discharged August 8, 1863. Field and Stafif. Lieutenant Colonel: — John M'Keage. Major: — Richard J. Crozier. Adjutant: — Edmund Bedell. Quartermaster: — John H. Keatley. Surgeon : — John Feay. Assistant Surgeon : — Joseph F. Wilson. Sergeant Major: — Thomas J. Moore. Quartermaster Sergeant: — H. Lloyd Irvine. Commissary Sergeant: — Orlando L. Swope. Hospital Steward : — Jacob L. Brallier. Company C. Captain: — Henry B. Swoope. First Lieutenant: — Richard S. Carr. Second Lieutenant : — Thomas C. Geary. First Sergeant — Charles Hemphill. Sergeants : — George Newson, Isaiah Hancock, Allen M. Hunter, George A. Boal. Corporals : — John Hoover. Scott Flegal, Alexander Speadey. Isaiah Warrick, Aaron Cramer, William A. Derb}', Jordan Fox, William Lawhead. 114 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Musicians: — James McCullough, Matth- ias Shea. Privates: — Samuel Ardy, Edward Bow- ers, Jacob L. Brallier (pr. to Hos. Stew, July II, 1863), John Carnes. Edward Carter, Frederick Cardon. John Carter. Samuel Caldwell, Hiram Caldwell, William Carnes, John L. Conklin. James L. Davis, Sidney W". Fo.x, Newton Fulton, Peter Feaster, William Fauver, Martin L. Gulick, Samuel Gillong, Samuel Gill, Samuel Huston, John A. Hoffman, William L. Ir- vin. John Jordan, Harry L. Kessler, Albert Logan, James Lyman, Samuel S. Moore, Robert Michaels, Daniel M'Mullin, Samuel M'Cleary, John M'Intyre, Frederick S. Nev- ling, Greenbury B. Nevling, Westley Nev- ling, Isaac Norris, Milton A. J. Ogden, Robert S. Ross, George B. Reninger, Ira Shaffer, James W. Stewart, Edward L. Stoughton, David L. Siby. Joseph Shirk, Joseph H. Smith, John L. Shaffner, Henry C. Shaffner, Hardman H. Stephens, James Sybert, George Shimmel, Andrew Snyder, Harvey Smith, Robert Tozer, Ernest Wil- son, Samuel Watson, William Wollislagle. CHAPTER IX THE SPANISH-AMERICAN WAR History of the Fifth Regiment Pennsylvania Volunteer Infantry, zvith Roster and Individual Records. FIFTH REGIMENT PENNSYLVANIA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. Pursuant to General Orders No. 7, A. G. O., dated April 25, 1898, the Fifth Regi- ment Infantry, N. G. P., on April 27, 1898, marched three miles and went into camp along Alexander Bridge road. The regi- ment was assigned to the First Brigade, Third Division, First Army Corps. On June 20th, Majors John P. Kennedy and Robert C. McNamara were detailed to re- left their respective home stations, and pro- cruit the companies of their respective bat- ceeded by rail to Mt. Gretna, Pa., where talions to one hundred and six men, the full they arrived early on the morning of April complement being readily secured and all 28th, being the first infantry organization in the division to reach the point of mobil- ization. The total strength of the regiment when it reported for duty was 37 officers and 483 enlisted men, a total of 520 men. On May 11, 1898, the regiment was mustered into service of the United States by Major W. A. Thompson, U. S. Army, and comprised thirty-seven officers and six hundred and four enlisted men. Pursuant to telegraphic orders from the War Depart- ment, the regiment broke camp at Mt. Gretna on the morning of May 17, 1898, and at 12:30 P. M. started by rail for Chick- amauga, Georgia. The regiment arrived at Battlefield Station, Chickamauga Park, Georgia, on the afternoon of May 19th, at 5 P. M., bivouacked for the night on Snod- grass Hill, and on the morning of May 20th 115 the recruits having reported by July 4, 1898. Orders were received on June 29, 1898, to recruit a third battalion of four compan- ies of one hundred and six men each. The work of recruiting and mustering the addi- tional battalion was placed in charge of Captain Hugh S. Taylor, Company B. Within three weeks all the companies had been mustered in, and had reported for duty at Camp George H. Thomas. Company I was recruited at Somerset ; Company K, at Wellsboro; Company L, at Clearfield, and Company M, at Gettysburg. Lieutenant Colonel Rufus C. Elder was placed in com- mand of the First Battalion; Major John P. Kennedy, formerly of the First Battalion, was assigned to the command of the Second Battalion, and Major Robert C. McNam- ara, formerly of the Second Battalion, to 116 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY command of the Tliird. August 12. 1898, the regiment moved about one-half mile nearer Battlefield Station, and encamped along the Brotherton road. Here there was good drainage and higher ground. On tlie afternoon of the 22d, the regiment left Ross- ville and traveled by rail to Camp Hamil- ton, near Lexington, Ky., a distance of t;\vo hundred and fifty miles, the first battalion reaching its destination on the 23d of Au- gust, and the other battalion on the 24th. The camp at Lexington was all that could be desired for health or beautiful surround- ings. On September 17, 1898, the regiment was granted a thirty days' furlough and each company was directed to proceed to its home station. The headquarters of the regiment were established at Altoona. Pa. After the expiration of the furlough, ten days were given for muster out, and this time was afterwards increased an additional twenty days to give the regiment an oppor- tunity to participate in the Peace Jubilee at Philadelphia, on October 27, 1898. The regiment was finally mustered out, Novem- ber 7, 1898. ROSTER. Abernathy, Frederick C, Priv. Co. K; Res. Charleston, Pa., Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. .■\bernathy, Joseph W., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mardin, Pa., Enrd. July 12, 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898. G. O. 8 c. s. Regt.; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Adams, Reuben A., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnston, Pa. (N. G. P.); enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May ir, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. 10. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Adams, Zenas B., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa, (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. Agan, Thomas, I'riv. Co. L; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Agey, Frank S., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. ; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. L June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ahlbom, George C, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Aikens, Howard W., Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Akins, Oliver C, Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Albert, Leon H., Priv. Co. E; Res. Wood- land, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Alexander, James W., Sgt. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Allen, Jonn T., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Allen, William H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Amberson, William S., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Waynesboro, Pa; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Anderson. Blake W., Priv. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg. Pa.: Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. L June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 117 Anderson, Charles E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; died from wounds self-inflicted Aug. 20, 1898. Anderson, Samuel, Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Anderson, Telford M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Andrews, Samuel A., Corp. Co. C; Res. Duncansville, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Apker, Alba M., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Archey, John O., Priv. Co. G; Res. Belle- ville, Pa. ; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ardary, Charles B., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. I. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ardary, Oscar B., Priv. Co. L; Res. Cur- wensville. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Armour, Frank, Priv. Co. D; Res. West Fairfield, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898: M. I. May II, 1898: Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Armstrong, James E., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Arnold Ellsworth J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ashcom, Dick, Priv. Co. F; Res. Ligonier, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ault, John S., Priv. Co. A; Res. Corn- propst Mills, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 27,, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ault, William C, Priv. Co. K; Res. Lib- erty, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Aurand, Clyde, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Aurand, James F., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ayers, Frank S, Priv. Co. I; Res. Mc- Alevy's Fort, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ayers, Harry E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Olivia, Pa.: Enrd. April 28, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ayers, Hays S., Priv. Co. I; Res. Listie, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ayers, Walter H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Rochester Mills, Pa. (M. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bailey, Arthur L., ist Sgt. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Apptd. ist Sgt. July 23, 1898, per G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Bailey, Joseph O. W., Priv. Co. K. ; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12. 1898; ^I. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bailey, Ralph J., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mans- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 118 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY 14, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 22,, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Baker, James R., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Black- lick, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Apptd. Artf. June 3, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Baker, Merrill, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Baldridge, Joseph G., Priv. Co. H; Res. Greenshurg, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Baldwin, Charles VV., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 8, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bane, John A., Priv. Co. I; Res. Meyers- dale, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Banker, William L., Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bannon, George C, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bare, John S., Capt. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barger, Orval E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Reedsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barnes, William F., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barnett, Edmond B., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M.I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barnett, George W., Priv. Co. F; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barnhart, Charles \\., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. 1. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barr, David S., ist Lieut. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. 1. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barr, James C, Corp. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barratt, Fred F., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 3, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Apptd. Wag. June 27, 1898; Transfd. to 3d Div. Amb. Corps, per S. O. 29, ist A. C. Hdq., dated July 19, 1898. Barrett, Harry M., Priv. Co. F ; Res. Loop, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 2t,. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bartley, James P., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Barto, Benjamin R., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Bathurst, Charles W., Q. M. ; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 5, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Bathurst, Samuel P., Priv. Co. B; Res. Ro- land, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bathurst, Zebulum. Priv. Co. L; Res. Ches- ter Hill, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as cook, Nov. 7, 1898. Baunier. William [.. Priv. Co. H; Res. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 119 Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bayard, Roger T., Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Beachtel, Wilham L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Wentz, Md.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Beard, Charles C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Beaver, Charles J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May ir, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Beitler, Frank A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bell, Jesse S., Priv. Co. F; Res. Marion Cen- tre, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bellinger, Floyd, Priv. Co. K; Res. Charles- ton, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Benford, Bernard H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Benford, Harr>' C, Priv. Co. I; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bennett, Marion A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Seven Stars, Pa.; Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Benson, Edward, Priv. Co. L; Res. Cur- wensville, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Best, Irvin W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Biesecker, Charles, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bird, Cyrus M., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Meyers- dale, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bittner, Edward A., Priv. Co. I; Res. Gar- rett, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bixby, Walter S., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mid- dlebury, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Black, Victor H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Blake, George, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Boynton, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 189S; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Blake, Roland G., Priv. Co. C; Res. Mar- tinsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Blakeley, Joseph A., Corp. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; died at Sternberg Hosp. Camp Thomas, Ga., Aug. 25, 1898. Bliss, WiUard D. ; Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bloom, Thomas M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Curwensville, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Bloom, Zane C, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Blough, Nathaniel, Sgt. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 120 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. 1. .May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Boger, Allen E., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Hays Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bookhamer, David G., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bookhamer, Isaac L., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2'j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bottorf, Charles W. ; Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; died Sept. 13, 1898. Bowen, Charles R., Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bowen, John R., Priv. Co. K ; Res. Wells- boro. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bower, H. Harris. Priv. Co. L; Res. Lewisburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Sgt. Nov. 7, 1898. Bowman, Albert J., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2'J. 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Bowman, Oscar F., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. 10, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Boyer. Emanuel D., Corp. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27. 1898: M. I. May 11. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bradley. William S., Priv. Co. B: Res. Axeman, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Brady, Charles A., Priv. Co. F; Res. Chambersville, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brady, Myrl \V., Priv. Co. F; Res. Cov- ode, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brallier, John K., Priv. Co. D; Res. Indi- ana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brant, Henry C, Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brant, Thomas C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; .M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brechbiei, George A., Mus. Co. D; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brecher, Henry, Jr., Priv. Co. K; Res. Marshfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brehman, Frank, Corp. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Q. M. Sgt. Aug. 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brenneman, John R., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bridge, Edward G.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Britten, William H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Osceola Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brosius, Raymond S., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 121 June 27, 1898; Transfd. to 3d Div. Hosp. corps, July 20, 1898. Brosius, Roy B., Priv. Co. E ; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, Burt A., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. ; Enrd. June 22, 1898: M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, Charles A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Olms- ville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, Henry E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Dun- cansville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, James, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, John, Priv. Co. B; Res. Milesburg, Pa. ; Encd. June 2-j. 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, John, Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, Robert D., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Brown, Robert K., Priv. Co. E; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Buchanan, Joseph B., Priv. Co. F; Res. Ho- mer City, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2T, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bunn, Herbert H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bunnell. John M.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Gram- pian, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Burchfield, Herbert E., Q. M. Sgt. ; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom, to 2d Lient. Co. K, Aug. 14, 189S; Comsd. Aug. 10, 1898; M. 1. Aug. 14, 1898; joined for duty same day; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Burchfield, Theodore, Col. ; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Burk, Calvin, Priv. Co. I; Res. Queen, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Burk, John W.. Artf. Co. H; Res. Cone- maugh, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Burnhimer, Andrew H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Tanoma, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; ^I. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Bush, Benjamin W., Priv. Co. K; Res. WilHamsport, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Artf., Nov. 7, 1898. Bushman, Samuel M., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Buskey, John E., Priv. Co. I; Res. Mey- ersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Butler, Joseph H., Sgt. Maj.; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May n. 1898; Dischd. Aug. 12, 1898, per S. 0.186 A. G. O. Butt, Harry J., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Burford, Joseph, Priv. Co. F; Res. Indi- 122 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Byeriy, Paul R., Priv. Co. E; Res. Millers- ville, Pa.; Enrd. May 2, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 2-j, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Byers, Harry, ist Sgt. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cadwalader, George W., Priv. Co. B; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cairns, James, Priv. Co. K. ; Res. Bloss- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Caldwell, David, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Caldwell, David M., Battn. Adj.; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. witli Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Calhoun, Austin J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Mifflintown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Callahan, Harry E., Priv. Co. K; Res. • Slate Run, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Calvin, Samuel, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cameron, Thomas B., Priv. Co. D; Res. Bolivar, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cameron, William H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield. Pa.; Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Campbell, Daniel, Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Campbell, David M., Priv. Co. F; Res. BJairville, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Campbell, Edward S., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Campbell, George W'., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blacklick, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May il, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Campbell, Lee, Priv. Co. F; Res. Roches- ter Mills, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Canedy, Albert, Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carey, Thomas D., Priv. Co. I; Res. Sli- go. Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carey, William J., Priv. Co. L; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 189S; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carlson, Gust., Priv. Co. K; Res. Knapp, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carly, W. J., Priv. Co. L ; Res. Chester Hill, Pa.: Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carmon, Oliver, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carothers, Joseph A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carpenter, George B., Q. M. Sgt. Co. H; AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 123 Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carson, Charles, Priv. Co. G; Res. Reeds- ville, Pa. ; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Carson, Oscar W., Priv. Co. M; Res. Ben- dersville. Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cartwright, Orville B., Mus. Co. R; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cass, Edwin A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Farm- ington Centre, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cass, Eugene L., Priv. Co. K; Res. Farm- ington Centre, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cassidy, David, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cathcart, James A., Corp. Co. F; Res. Chambersville, Pa (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Catlin, Edson J., 2d Lt. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Comsd. 1st Lieut. Aug. 10, 1898; M. I. I St Lieut. Aug. 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chambers, Archibald C, Priv. Co. L; Res. Houtzdale, Pa.; Enrd. 'July 14, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chambers, John, Jr., Priv. Co. E; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. L June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Charles, Harry, Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa.: Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. L June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chase, John \V., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chase, Thomas M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chase, William C, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Chorpenning, Roy A., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Christner, Francis, Priv. Co. I; Res. Gar- rett, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Christy, James H., Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clark, Benjamin F., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clark, C. B., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Sgt. Nov. 7, 1898. Clark, Frank E., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. L June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clark, Frank S., Sgt. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clarke, Harry L., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clary, Harry B., Priv. Co. L; Res. Gram- pian, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. L July 14, 124 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clawson. Ellis R.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Branch, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Clawson, Harry S., Priv. Co. F ; Res. Smathers, Pa. (x\. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Clayson, Berton, Priv. Co. K; Res. Slate Run, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Cleaver, Albert \V., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. dinger, John W., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cochrane, Charles F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Elk- Pa.; Enrd. July 8, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; U. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cochrane. Charles P., Priv. Co. I; Res Elk- Lick. Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cole, Frank W., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. L June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cole, Thomas H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.: Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Coleman, Paul, Priv. Co. F; Res. Clarks- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Coleman. William E.. Private Co. F; Res. Indiana. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Coleman. William S., Priv. Co. F; Res. Clarksburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Collar, Jacob, Priv. Co. L; Res. Munson, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Colony, George H., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Confer, Miles, Priv. Co. E; Res. Woodland. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conklin, Roscoe, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field. Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conklin, William G., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conlan, Frank, Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conley, James T., Priv. Co. I; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 6. 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Connolly, Francis P., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conrad, George S.. Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Conrad, Winfield F., Priv. Co. A; Res. Or- bisonia. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cooney, Henry B., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town. Pa.; Enrd. May 9. 1898; M. L May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Coonsie, Reuben H.. Priv. Co. E; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cope, John B., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettys- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 125 burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Copenhaver, Courtland G., Priv. Co. E; Res. Ramey, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Corbin, George B., Corp. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Corbin, Frank M., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cornelius, Leslie A., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. 1. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Corwell, James A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Fair- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 16, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Coulter, Charles A., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Coulter, Thomas J., Priv. Co. A: Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Countryman, George F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Lavansville, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cover, William T., Priv. Co. C; Res. Ah toona. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Cowen, George, Priv. Co. L; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cox, Clyde R., Priv. Co. B; Res. Roland. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Grain, John H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Port Ma- tilda, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cramer, Louis L., Priv. Co. F; Res. Creek- side, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Crawford, John E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Osce- ola Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cree, Nathan A., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 2^. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cresswell, George E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 11, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Crissman, George H., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Cronmiller, John H., Priv. Co. E; Res. Curwensville, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Crossley, Charles R., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898; G. O. 8 c.s. Regt.; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Crotty, Walter J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Crum, Ira A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. ; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cullison, Asa C, Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cummings, Oscar F., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 126 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cummins, Robert D., Priv. Co. I; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Cunninghani. Harry C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Currens, John E., Priv. Co. M. ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Curry, Jesse S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa. (N. G. P) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; ^l. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. Curtin, J. Latimer, Priv. Co. B; Res. Ro- land, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Custer, Irvin B., Priv. Co. H; Res. Vinco, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. L June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dale, David, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Lemont, Pa.; Enrd. April 29. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Daley, R. Clarence, Priv. Co. R; Res. Rom- ola, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dally, William P.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Daly, Sheridan J.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Q. M. Sgt. Sept i, 1898; G. O. 31 Regt. Hdq.; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Darby, Arthur, Mus. Co. D; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Daugherty, David N., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May II, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Davis, Edward, Priv. Co. B; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Davis, Ivan, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa. ; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Davis, James F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Listie, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Davis, Oscar ]\I., Priv. Co. H; Res. Cone- maugh. Pa; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Davis, Perry, Priv. Co. I; Res. Listonburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Davis, Thomas H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Liston- burg, Pa.: Enrd. July 7, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Deane, Alan B., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Deats, George \\'., Priv. Co. K; Res. Kee- neyville. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Decker, James E., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. DeForrest, Jesse F., Priv. Co. .'\; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. .April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. De Hass, Charles J.. Priv. Co. E; Res. Kerr- moor. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1S98. De Hass, David W., Priv. Co. E ; Res. Kerr- moor. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 127 De Huff, Edward F., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 2^, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Deitz, George K., Priv. Co. I; Res. Listie, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1S98. Delozier, Frederick, Priv. Co. C ; Res. Al- toona. Pa; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Apptd. Ms. Sept. I, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Delozier, Joseph, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Denning, Oden R., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. De Turk, Benjamin H., Mus. Co. A; Res. Ahoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Detwiler, Calvin, Priv. Co. C ; Res. Yellow Springs, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; ^L I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dibble, Amos W., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dibble, John C, Priv. Co. K; Res. Draper, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1S98; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dibble, William G., Priv. Co. K; Res. Olms- ville. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; died at Sternberg Hosp., Chicamauga, Ga., Aug. 31, 1898. Diehl, James F., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 189S; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dipple, Charles P., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; detached Aug. 12, S. O. 2 2, as mounted orderly for the Comdg. officer; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ditzer, Joseph. Priv. Co. C ; Res. Hollidays- burg. Pa.; Enrd. .\pril 28, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Di.xon, Edward E., Priv. Co. D; Res. Black- lick. Pa; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dodson, Lewis M., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Doty, James H., Priv. Co. E; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Doud, Claud R., Priv. Co. K; Res. Bloss- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Douds, Robert S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dougherty, John F., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dougherty, Thomas M., Priv. Co. L; Res. Houtzdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Downs. Milton H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Dressier, Herbert A., Priv. Co. E; Res. Reedsville, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dunkle, John C, ist Lieut. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Dunlap, Edwin D., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 128 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898: M. I. May u, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dunn, Milton, Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dunn, Samuel F., Priv. Co. K; Res. Well.s- boro, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dupont, Frederick O., Priv. Co. I; Res. Rockwood, Pa.; Enrd. July 8, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dvvyer, Frank, Priv. Co. E; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Dye, Robert, Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Earhart, Harry \V., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May u, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eberhart, George A., Corp. Co. D; Res. Belief onte, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May n, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eboch. Edward T., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eboch, Theodore H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Philipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ebright, Josiah M., Mus. Co. H : Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eck. Emanuel E., 2d Lieut. Co. A ; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. as 2d Lieut. Co. A, 5th P. V. I., July 14, 1898; to accept Apptmt. as 1st Lieut.: M. I. as ist Lieut. Co. I, 5th P. \'. I., July 15, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eckley, Don Pedro, Priv. Co. L; Res. Wailaceton, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eddington, Alex., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Edwards, Paul J., Sgt. Co. K; Res. West- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 11. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Apptd. Sgt. July 23, 1898; G. O. 8, c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eichinger, Harper, Priv. Co. G; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Elder, Rufus C, Lieut. Col. ; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eline, John A., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Y'ork. Pa. ; Enrd. July 19, 1898 ; M. I. July 20, 1898 ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Eikin, William F., 2d Lieut. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Elkin, William F., Jr., Priv. Co. F; Res. Jeannette, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ellis, Frank S., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (X. G. P.) : Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Ellis, \\illiam A.. Priv. Co. G; Res. Mif- flintown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ellis, William V.. Sgt. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 129 Eminhizer, Abraham H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (X. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Apptd. Wag. May 2^, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Endres, William, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Engelbach, George K., Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Engle, Calvin U., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Engle, Irwin J., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. English, Roscoe H., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Apptd. Corp. July 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. English, Thomas W., Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May i, 1898; Prom. Sgt. Sept. 10, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ennish, Henry N., Priv. Co. G; Res. Yeagertown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29. 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Enos, Wilson G., Priv. Co. I; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; died at Mercy Hosp. Pittsburg, Pa., Sept. 18, 1898. Erb, Andrew B., Corp. Co. D ; Res. Blairs- viile, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Erb, John E., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ergler, Joseph F., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ertel, William G., Priv. Co. B ; Res. How- ard, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Estricher, Charles C, Priv. Co. E; Res. New Washington, Pa. ; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Everhart, Daniel \\ ., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Everitt, Charles F., Corp. Co. K; Res. Westfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; Apptd. Corp. July 23, 1898; G .0. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ewing, Charles, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Everett, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; transfd. as Corp. to 3d Div. Hosp. Corps July 20, 1898. per S. O. 29. Fagan, Hubert E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. ; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fails, Harvey, Priv. Co. D; Res. Black- lick, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fair, Ira H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fair, John S., Adj. ; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 5, 1898: M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Fair, Philip W., Priv. Co. C : Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 130 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Farley, John T., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Faust, Edward H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Houtzdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fauver, James F., Priv. Co. E ; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fee, Harry W., Sgt. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. as Corp. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. as Sgt. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Feidt, G. A., Priv. Co. E; Res, Indiana, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Feigler, Franklin D., Priv. Co. M; Res. Winterstown, Pa.; Enrd. July 10, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; iM. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Feit, George J., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Sgt. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Felding, William H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Lindenhall, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 2-j. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fennell, William H., Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fenstermacher, William L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ferell, Charles, Priv. Co. I; Res. Addison, Pa.; Enrd. July 5. 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Fickes, George, Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 19, 1898 ^M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Field, Harry B., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Apptd. Q. M. Sgt. July 23, 1898; G. O. c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Filler, Harry K., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Rains- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Finn, Daniel J., Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April zj, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fisher, Arthur P., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fisher, Harry W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fisher, Oliver S., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa. ; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fissel, Frank, Priv. Co. C; Res. Duncans- ville. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Fister, Harry A., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fite, Charles J., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Pitts- burgh, Pa. ; Enrd. April 29, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fix. David D., Sgt. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Dischd. Aug. 10, 1898; par. 16 S. O. 187 A. G. O. Fleck, Cecil W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 131 Fleitz, Joseph P., Priv. Co. K; Res. Hills Creek, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fleming, Giles, Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa. : Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fleming, James A., Priv. Co. F; Res. Crete, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Flinn, Frank, Priv. Co. H : Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Flynn, Michael, Priv. Co. D ; Res. Coke- ville, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fogle, Warren E., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Ber- lin, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. " Folk, Elmer E., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fonner, Joseph, Priv. Co. C ; Res. Wil- liamsburg, Pa.; Enrd. "May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Force, Fred, Priv. Co. L. ; Res. Curwens- ville, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; reduced from rank of Corp. at his own request Aug. i, 1908; detailed as Mus. Sept. I, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ford, Henry H., Priv. Co. D ; Res. West Fairfield, Pa; Enrd. June 24. 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; Apptd. Co. cook July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Forquer, James, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Ursina, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Forsha, Addison, Sgt. Co. D; Res. Knights, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fort, Clarence W., Priv. Co. L; Res. Cur. wensville. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fosselman, John J., Priv. Co. F; Res. Donnelly Mills, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Foster, John V., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Foster, Richard, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. ; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. France, Edgar W., Priv. Co. D; Res. Knights, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Francis, Bert., Priv. Co. K; Res. Delmar, Pa. ; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Frank, Frederick, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Penn Hall, Pa. ; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Frankhouser, Harry A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. ; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. L June 29. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Frankhouser, Ralph, Priv. Co. L; Res. Curwensville, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Franks, John L., Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Franson, Gust W., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Frazier, Harry D., Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 132 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Freeman, Ralph, I'riv. Co. L; Res. Gram- pian, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. French, David B., Priv. Co. K; Res. Farm- ington, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fritz, Jacob L., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa.: Enrd. June 24, 1898; AI. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Frybarger, Andrew, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Apptd. Wag. July i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Fulton, J. D., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; Ai. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gallagher, Ira H., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Trent, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; deserted Aug. 12, 1898; at Chickamauga Park, Georgia. Gambell, Ralph E., ist Lieut. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Comsd. Capt. Aug. 10, 1898; M. I. as Capt. Aug. 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gamble, Gibson, Priv. Co. K; Res. Cedar Run, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gantz, Samuel S., Priv. Co. E; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. ; Enrd. May 9, 1898 ; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Garbrick, Philip F., ist Sgt. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gardner, Benjamin K., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gardner, Harry A., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 2"^, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Garis, Charles, Sgt. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; died at Div. Hosp. Aug. 28, 1898. Garland, George W., Priv. Co. C ; Res. Duncansville, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898 ; iM. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Garland, William L., Mus. Co. C; Res. Philadelphia, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; as Mus. in Co. E; Tranfd. to Co. C May 7, 1898; M. I. Co. C, May 11, 1898; Prom, to Prin. Mus. Sept. i, 1898, per Regtl. G. O. 29; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Garman, Daniel E., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Garman, Thomas W., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Scalp Level, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Garner, Jacob E. T., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Garrett, Oliver P., Corp. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gasteiger, Justus A., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gasteiger, Louis D., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Somerset, Pa. ; Enrd. July 5, 1898 ; M. I. July 8. 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gaulin, Peter J. S., Priv. Co. E; Res. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 133 Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May II, 1898; Prom. Sgt. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1S9S. Gearhart, Ralph, Priv. Co. L; Res. Blue Ball, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Geesey, Charles H., Jr., Priv. Co. D; Ries. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Transfd. to 3d Div. Amb. Corps 1st Corps June 27, 1898. Geiselman, John W., Priv. Co. M; Res. Fairplay, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Geissinger, Andrew B., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Geissinger, Michael L., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Mill Creek, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. George, David H. ; Priv. Co. F. ; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. George, France M., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Knights, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. George, Herbert C, Priv. Co. D : Res. Knights, Po. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. George, James H., Corp. Co. D : Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: Prom. Sgt. June 3, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. Gephart, Adam, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa. : Enrd. May 9, 1898 ; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gerhard, Calvin S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blacklick, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gettig, Samuel D., Sgt. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Getty, Clarence H., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 2-]. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ghuer, John E., Priv. Co. E; Res. Benore, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gibboney, James, Priv. Co. G ; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gibbons, Walker G., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gilbert. Frederick J., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; yi. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gillaspie, John A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gillin, James, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Vinco, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gladhill, James L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Fairfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Glazier, Herbert S., Priv. Co. A; Res. Philadelphia, Pa.; Enrd. June 23. 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Glazier, John H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 134 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Glessner, Charles W., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 19. 1898; M. L July 20, 189S; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Glover, Samuel P., Asst. Surg. ; Res. Ai- toona, Pa.: Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Godard, Edgar E., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 2;^, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Goddard, John S., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 2j, 1898; M. L June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Godel, Peter, Priv. Co. L; Res. Gearhart- bille. Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Gohn, Philip S., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gender, George A., Priv. Co. H. ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Good, Irvin H., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Trent, Pa.; Enrd. July 5. 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Goodman. Harry J., ist Segt. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: Dischd. July 14, 1898, to accept appointment as 2d Lieut, of same Co.; Apptd. 2d Lieut July 15. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Goodman, Wesley L., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. L June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Goodwin, Temple E., Priv. Co. K; Charleston, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gorman, John W., Priv. Co. F; Res. Hor- ton, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Goshorn, Ulysses S.. Priv. Co. B; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M, L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Goss, Herbert N., Priv. Co. G; Res. Cross Grove, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Goss. James H., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898 Grahbe. William A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Graham, H. C, Priv. Co. L. ; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 14. 7898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Graham, Lloyd, Priv. Co. L; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Graham, Samuel M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. April 28, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 26. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gratz, Simon, Priv. Co. G; Res. Orbi- sonia. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Gray, Victor. Q. M. Sgt. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; Reduced to ranks at his own re- quest August 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Graybill, John H., Priv. Co. M ; Res. East York. Pa.; Enrd. July 20. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Grazier, Durbin H., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Fishertown. Pa.; Enrd. May 9. 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Green, Vern S., Priv. Co. K; Res. Brown- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 135 lee, Pa.; Enrd. July ii, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Greene, William A., Priv. Co. C ; Res. Tip- ton, Pa. ; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Greenwood, Charles T., Priv. Co. D; Res. Scottdale, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Grenoble, Cline J., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Pleasant Gap, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Grew, Adam, Priv. Co. I; Res. Summit Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Griesemer, Jack M., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. as ist Sgt. Nov. 7, 1898. Griesemer, John E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 9, 1898. Griest, Harry R., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Flem- ing, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Griffith, Charles K., Priv. Co. F; Res. Scottdale, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Griffith, William C, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Transfd. to 3d Div. Amb. Corps July 2, 1898, per S. O. 10. Groff, John, Priv. Co. I; Res. Berlin, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898 ; M. I. July 8, 1898 ; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Groom, Henrv, Priv. Co. G; Res. Ralston Spa., N. Y.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Grove, Albert, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Growden, Thomas J., Priv. Co. E; Res. Cumberland Valley, Pa. ; Enrd. May 2, 1898 ; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Gushard, William I., Priv. Co. G; Res. Patterson, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Haddie, Edgar M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hagarman, Basil E., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Centennial, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hainsey, Harry, Sgt. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898 ; Dischd. July 7, 1898, per S. O. 155 A. G. O. Halferty, Clarence A., Priv. Co. D ; Res. New Florence, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Halferty, Harry M., Priv. Co. D; Res. New Florence, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hall, Silas J., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Mill Creek, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hamilton, Joseph, Priv. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg. Pa; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. IMay II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hammaker, Samuel H., Priv. Co. C; Res. 136 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hamnie, Charles L., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Hanover, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hammer, George H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Conner, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2^, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hammers, James S., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hammond, Fred., Priv. Co. K; Res. Elk- land, Pa. : Enrd. July 1 1, 1898: ^L I, July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hampton, Harry E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Curwensville, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hanawalt, Reuben E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hancock, Edward, Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa. ; Enrd. July 13, 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hanley, William E.. Priv. Co. C; Res. Duncansville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2T, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hannel, Blair, Priv. Co. C: Res. Duncans- ville, Pa.; Enrd. May 10. 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hanson, C. E., Priv. Co. L; Res. James- town, N. Y. : Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harder, John E., Capt. Co. L; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hakcom. Harry, Priv. Co. D; Res Blairs- ville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harmon, Zenas E., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harper, Horace M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Fleming, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harrier, Orin, Priv. Co. E; Res. Shiloh, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harris, Alexander S., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov .7, 1898. Harris, John V., Priv. Co. G ; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M, I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harrison, William N., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harshbarger, James, Priv. Co. G; Res. Newton Hamilton, Pa. ; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hartman, George P., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hartman, Joseph F., Chaplain; Res. Al- toona, Pa.( N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Resigned July 25. 1898. Hartzell, Charles Z., Priv. Co. C. ; Res. Newport, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harwick, Edgar G., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 137 Harvey, Charles D., Priv. Co. K; Res. Covington, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 189S: AI. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Harvey, John S., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898: ]M. I. 'Sla.y II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Hatfield, William H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Pittsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hathaway, George M., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hauck, E. K., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hauser, Harry, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1S98; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hawn. Robert M., Corp. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; Prom. Sgt. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hay, George B.. Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hayes, Robert G., Asst. Surg. ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-. 1898; M. I. May 5, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Hazel, D. Oliver, Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P).; Enrd. April 27. 1898: M. I. May 11, 189S; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hazel, John M., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Axeman, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hazlett, Ernest M., Priv. Co. K; Res. Nel- son, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; died Aug 30, 1898, at 3d Div. Hosp., Chickamauga, Ga. Hazlett, Roy S., Priv. Co. F; Res. Kent, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heath, Joseph H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Lull, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heaton, Harry A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heichel, Jack A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Blanch- ard, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; I\L O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heiges, Colvin, Priv. Co. M; Res. Frank- lintown, Pa.; Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heller, George J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hemphill, Charies P., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hemphill, Samuel J., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom, to Corp. July 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Henderson, Alexander, Priv. Co. D; Res. Bolivar, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Henderson, Clark C, Priv. Co. D; Res. Bol- ivar, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Henderson, Ross, Priv. Co. D; Res. Boli- var, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hengst, Allison, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom, to Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 138 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTV Herald, William B., Priv. Co. H; Res. Coneniaugh, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Herb, George C, Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Herbst, Harry H., Priv. Co. M; Res. North Hopeville, Pa.; Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hering, George A., Priv. Co. D; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hershey, Harry B., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898: M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Heslop, Wesley J., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hess, Harry H.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Houtz- dale. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Hess, William M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. April 28, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hickok, Ross., ist Lieut. Co. M; Res. Har- risburg. Pa.; Enrd. Aug. 8, 1898; M. L Aug. 8, 1898; Enlisted as Priv. in Baty. A, Pa. Arty., at Camp Hastings, May 5, 1898; Dischd. at Newport News, Va., July 28, 1898, to accept commission; Apptd. ist Lieut. Co. M July 28, 1898; M. I. as ist Lieut. Camp Thomas, Chickamauga Park, Ga., Aug. 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hicks, Howard, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hill. Charles, Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Hill, Don J., Q. M. Sgt. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May u, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hill, Edgar W., Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1868; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hill, John M., Priv. Co. G; Res. Northum- berland, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hill, Joseph, Priv. Co. D; Res. Cokeville, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hill, Joseph A., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg. Pa.: Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hills, Frank D., Priv. Co. K; Res. Farm- ington, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. L May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hobbs, James F., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Hoblitzell. Frank W.. Priv. Co. I; Res. Meyersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Apptd. 2d Lieut. July 14, 1898; Comsd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 15, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898, as 2d Lieut. Hoecht, James C, Priv. Co. M; Res. Frank- lintown. Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoff, R. C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. L June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Hoffman, Burkett W., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoffman, David H., Priv. Co. G; Res. Levv- istown. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; AXD REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 139 M. I. May ii, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoffman, Fred \\'., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 2-j, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoffman, James, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoffman, William H., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewiston, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 30, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hollen, Ira A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Juniata, Pa.; Enrd. June 20. 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hollopetor, Cyrel B.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Rockton, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Homan, George W.. Priv. Co. H; Res. Hol- lidaysburg, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; AI. I. May II, 1898; died June 27, 1898, at 3d Div. Hosp. of typhoid fever. Homan, William L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 16, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Apptd. Cook July 22, 1898; M. 6. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoover, Charles S., Priv. Co. K; Res. Cross Fork, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoover, Edwin B., Priv. Co. K; Res Olean, N. Y.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoover, George P., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Fleming, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoover, Hayes, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Spring- ho'pe. Pa.; Enrd. June 2j, 1898; \l. I. June 2-j, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. toona. Pa.; Enrd, June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hornick, Leander G., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 2-j, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hospelhorn, James L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Fairplay, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hosteller, Braden F.. Priv. Co. I; Res. Trent, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Householder, Eugene B., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hopewell, Pa.; Enrd. June 23. 1898; M. I. June 21. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Householder, Robert E., Priv. Co. D; Res. Ligonier. Pa.; Enrd. :\Iay 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Howard, Dwight L., Priv. Co. M; Res. Bendersville, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hoy. Harry M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Milheim, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Huey, Charles E., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Huey, Frank E, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Fillmore, Pa.: Enrd. June 2j, 1898; M. I. June 2-j, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hugg. Toner A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hughes, Samuel H., ist Lieut. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P) ; Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; ISI. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hulslander, Frederick L., Priv. Co. K; Res. Slate Run. Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. Hopkins, ]\Iiles C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 140 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Hurst, William P., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898: M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Huston, .Augustus E., Priv. Co. D; Res. Black Lick, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. L June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Huston, George T., ist Lieut. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-/, 1898; M. L May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Huston, Joseph N., Priv. Co. F; Res. Blairsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. L June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Hutchison, Chester F., Priv. Co. E; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 2, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Inscho, Frederick E., Priv. Co. K; Res. Westfield, Pa.; Enrd. July "13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898: :M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Irvin. John E., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa.; Enrd. ]\Iay 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; ^l. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Irwin, Elbridge B., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. :\Iay II. 1898; il. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Irwin. George C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (. . G. P.): Enrd. April 2"/, 1898; ^I. I. May II. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Iseman, John \V., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. :May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Isenberg, Edmund R.. Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May n, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Isenberg, James H, Priv. Co. A; Res. Himt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Isett, James H, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898: :\L O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Isett, Samuel E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Wil- liamsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1908; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. No. 7, 1898. Ivison, John J., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jack, James P., Priv. Co. F; Res. Kent, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. No. 7, 1898. Jackson, Chauncey T., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N.G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Jackson, George L., ist Lieut. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jackson, Harry A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 21. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jacobs. Edward W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Cleai-field, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jacoby, Emory A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Cen- tennial, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898: M. I. July 20. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Jamison, William F., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9. 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jenkins. J. Arthur. Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg. Pa.: Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. T. June 24. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 141 Jenkins, Richard, Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jobe, Marion E., Priv. Co. M; Res. York- Springs, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; Sgt. Sept. I, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnson, Albert S., Mus. Co. F; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnson, Charles, Priv. Co. L; Res. Win- burne. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnson, John E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnson, Joseph M., Mus. Co. G; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnson, Swan, Priv. Co. L; Res. W'in- burne, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnston, Harry L., O. M. Sgt. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; Prom. Sgt. Maj. Aug. 13, 1898 by Regtl. G. O. 19 (on F. & S. Roll enrolled April 27, 1898) ; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnston, John P., Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnston, William W., Priv. Co. F; Res. Pittsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jones. Charles S., Corp. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jones, Edwin T., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jones, George H., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Johnstonbaugh, John L., Priv. Co. B; Res. State College. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Apptd. Mus. Aug. 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Jordan, ^^'iIliam. Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Judy, George C, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kalbach, W. D., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kamerly, James C, Priv. Co. C ; Res. Hol- lidaysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kann, Charles R., Priv. Co. I; Res. Berlin, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kantner, Asberry, Priv. Co. C : Res. Dun- cansville, Pa. (N. G. P.). Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kappes, Frederick \\'., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kase, Charles H., Priv. Co. B : Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; Tranfd. to 3d Div. ist A. C. Hosp. June 9, 1S98. KaufTman, James S.. Sgt. Co. F: Res. Homer City, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27. 142 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; iM. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kautz, William H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Jen- ners, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keeney, Clarence A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Hammond, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 2t„ 1898, G. O. 8 C. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keesey, Adam, Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keime, Urban, Priv. Co. M ; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keith, John deK., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. April 29, 1898; AI. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keller, John O., Corp. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. wnth Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Keller, William W., Priv. Co. B; Res. Pine Grove Mills, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kellerman, Hickman J., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kelley, William P., ist Lieut. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kelly, Aaron B., Priv. Co. L; Res. Wig- ton, Pa. : Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898: M. O. wMth Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kelly, Harry J., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kemery, Victor M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Medi.x Run, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kempfer, John J., Priv. Co. F ; Res. Selins- grove, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; AL I. June 22,, 1898; M. O. Nov. 7, 1898. Kennedy, Jesse F., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kennedy. John P., Maj. ; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Kennedy, Rodney C, Priv. Co. K ; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kennedy, Thomas S.. Priv. Co. G ; Res. Lew-istown, Pa. ( ;N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Kennedy, William A., Priv. Co. .\ ; Res. Mill Creek, Pa.; Enrd. June 2^. 1898: M. I. June 22,, 1S98; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kephart, Charles B., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Tianeytown, ]\Id. ; Enrd. April 29, 189S: M. I. :\Iay II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ke]iliart. John .\., Pri\-. Co. E ; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; U. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kerr, James B., Priv. Co. E; Res. New- tonburg. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kerr, John M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Shelocta, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 143 Kerr, Steele H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kerrigan, William B., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Sand Patch, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kerstetter, Stover L., Priv. Co. G; Res. jMilheim, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kiebler, Paul E., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kieferle, Harry C, Priv. Co. G; Res. Mt. Union, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; Vi. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kilbourne, Louis H., Sgt. Co. K ; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898: Prom. Sgt. July 23, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Killinger, Claude C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kime, George E., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kine, Charles F., Priv. Co. I ; Res. King- wood, Pa. ; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: Prom. Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. King, Curtis W., Priv. Co. M ; Res./ Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. King, Harry S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kinley. William C, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kinneman, Charles L., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Abbottstown, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kipp, \\'illiam A., Priv. Co. D; Res. Leechburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kirkwood, Robert C, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. x\pril 2^, 1S98; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kissinger, Ambrose L., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 20, 1898 ; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Klinefelter, Daniel W.. Priv. Co. H ; Res. Conemaugh, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Dischd. as Wag. Oct. 14, 1898, per telegram from W. Dept. Knepp, Cloyd B., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Knipple, Delinger C, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Queen, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Knisely, Calvin, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Alum Bank, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Koch, Daniel J., Priv. Co. B; Res. Fair brook. Pa.; Enrd. June 2-j. 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Koch, William J., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 15. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kolher, Anthony M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Koontz, Arthur B., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kooser, Ernest O., Capt. Co. I; Res. 144 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; iM. O. Xov. 7, 1898. Krape, Frank 1*"., Priv. Co. E; Res. Spring Mills, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Krebs, William M., Priv. Co. G; Res. Shindle, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kreider, Oscar B., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898: M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Mus. Xov. 7, 1898. Kreiger, Harry C., Priv. Co. H. ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. 1. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kunkle, Charles L., Priv. Co. F; Res. Creekside, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kunkle, Frank P., Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Kurtz, Nathan E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Kvarnstrom, Gust., Priv. Co. K; Res. Slate Run, Pa.; Enrd. July 12. 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lamb, Benjamin, Jr., Priv. Co. L; Res. Gearhartsville. Pa.: Enrd. July 13. 1898: M. 1. July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lambing, Benjamin \V., Priv. Co. F; Res. Nolo, Pa.; Enrd June 22, 1898: M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Landerkin. Lewis E., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 3j. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Landis, Bert F., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Somer- set. Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1S98; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Landis, Norman B., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Meyersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 8. 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Langham, Harl B., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1908. Langham, Robert M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lardin, Lewis E., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown. Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Large. William W., Priv. Co. D; Res. Livermore. Pa.; Enrd. June 24. 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; I\I. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lasher, Edward, Priv. Co. C ; Res. Hol- lidaysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2y, 1898: M. I. May 11. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Lathers, Thomas P., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lathers, William J.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Gearhartsville, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lawhead, Edward ;M., Priv. Co. D; Res. Leechburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lawhead. Fred R.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield. Pa.: Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 189S. Lawrence, John I.. Priv. Co. M: Res. Mc- Sherrytown. Pa.; Enrd. July 15. 1898: M. I. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 145 July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lay, William G., Priv. Co. K; Res. Sul- livan, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Leabhart, Archie E.. Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Learner, William C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Leathers, George H., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Howard, Pa. ; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lefever, Curtis A., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Lit- tlestown, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lefifard, William D., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.( N. G. P.); Enrd. April z-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Legore, Harry F., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Sil- ver Run, Md. ; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Apptd. Wag. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Leighow, Oscar M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Woodland, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Leipold, Frank D., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Transfd. to N. C. Staff June 21, 1898; as Prin. Mus. by G. O. 7, Hdqt. 5th Regt. P. V. ; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Letterman, Frank H., Sgt. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; Prom, ist Sgt. July 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 10 Lewis, Iddo M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Locust Lane, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Liddick, Thurston, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lightfoot, Charles C, Mus. Co. G; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lightner, Blake, Priv. Co. E; Res. Irvona, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Likens, Homer B., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lindsay, Charles B., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lindsey, Harry R., Priv. Co. L; Res. Trout- ville. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Linton, Reuben M., Priv. Co. I; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. 1st Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lippart, Edward, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lippart, Jacob, Priv. Co. E ; Res. Cleai-field, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Little, Edward S., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.: Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Little, Frank, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- 146 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY don, Pa (N. G. P.); Enrd. April -'7, 1898; M I. May n. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M.'O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Litzinger, David \V., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Livengood, Harry, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Livingston, Charles F., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (X. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lloyd, William, Priv. Co. L ; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Logan, George, Priv. Co. E : Res. Clear- field. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May n. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 2~, 1898; M. b. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Logan, Ward, Q. M. Sgt. Co. E ; Res. Clear- field. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1S98; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Loin-, l-"rank C, Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. .Aug. 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Long, Clyde Z., Priv. Co. B; Res. Howard, Pa. (X. G.'P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Long, Henry W., Priv. Co. I: Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898: M. I. July 8, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Long, William. Priv. Co. C; Res. Hollidays- burg. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lose. John \A'., Corp. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (X. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. O. M. Sgt. by Regtl. G. O. 4, May 11, 1898 ;ll. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lott, Henry G., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettys- burg. Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898: M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lotz, Edward M., Priv. Co. C; Res. Dun- cansville, Pa.; Enrd. May 10. 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Louther, Valentine C, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April zy, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Low, Andrew L.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Fair- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 16. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. " Loyd. Robert P., Priv. Co. E; Res. Philips- burg. Pa.; Enrd. May 7. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Lucas. Benjamin W^, Priv. Co. B; Res. Howard, Pa. ; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lucas, D. Cameron, Priv. Co. L; Res. Wig- ton. Pa.; Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Sgt. Xov. 7, 1898. Lucas, Samuel L.. Priv. Co. B; Res. Flem- ing, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898: :\I. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. Ludwig, Albert L., Priv. Co. I; Res. Friendsville. Md. : Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lumadue, George M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Woodland, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898: M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Luther, Edgar A., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898: Disclid. by S. O. from Sect. War Sept. 23. 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 147 Luther, William J., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lutz, Simon M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Bed- ford, Pa.; Enrd. April 29, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Tranfd. to Reserve Amb. Corps June 2y, 1898, per S. O. 5. Lynn, Nelson, Sgt. Co. C; Res. Hollidays- burg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lyons, Robert B., Priv. Co. A; Res. Birm- ingham, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Lytel, Oram C, Priv. Co. F; Res. Glen Richey, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Tranfd. to Reserve Amb. Corps July 3, 1898; per S. O. 5. Maginnis, George M., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mahaffey, James G., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mahaffey, James T., Priv. Co. E ; Res. Mc- Gees Mills, Pa.; Enrd. May 9. 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; died at St. Joseph Hosp., Lex- ington, Ky., Sept. 10, 1898. Mahaffey, Paul R., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mahan. William M., Capt. Co. F; Res. In- diana. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April ij. 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mallory, Thomas C, Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Malone, James, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Marietta, George W., Priv. Co. D; Res. Livemiore, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. 1. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Markle, George N., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Markle, Lee, Priv. Co. E ; Res. DuBois, Pa. ; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Markley, Milton C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Marsh, Benjamin O., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Marsh, James A., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Marshall, George M., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Marshall, John R., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. 1. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin, George A.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin. George W., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon. Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin, Harry, Priv. Co. C; Res. Duncans- ville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; 148 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY M. I. May ii, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin, Howard W., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 2^, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin, John C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon. Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martin, Lemon, Priv. Co. C; Res. Duncans- ville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martz, Harry A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Martz, John D., Priv. Co. F; Res. Congru- ity, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mateer, Nelson, Priv. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. ( N. G. P. ) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May ii, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mathews, Bert L, Priv. Co. D; Res. Ligon- ier, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Matlack, Lewis H., 2d Lieut Co. L; Res. Philadelphia, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. in Co. F, 1st Rcgt., as Corp., April 28, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; Apptd. 2d Lieut. Co. L, 5th Regt., July 20, 1898; M. I. July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. L Nov. 7, 1898. Matthews, Charles, Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Matthews, Edward B.. Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mav, James E.. Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. .\pril 2j, 1898: M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. May, Leroy, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. May, Samuel M., Priv. Co. I; Res. Meyers- dale, Pa.: Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mays, Frank E., Priv. Co. E; Res. Osceola 3klills, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom, to Artf. June 27, 1898; taken sick at his home in Osceola Mills, failed to re- port Oct., 1898; died Tuesday, Nov. 8, 1898. ]\IcCafferty, Dorsey G., Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCall, Hugh C, Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCall, Jacob A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCamant, Thomas M., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCann, James M., Priv. Co. L; Res. Os- ceola :\[ilis. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7. 1898. McCaulay. Harry, Priv. Co. G; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCausland, William H., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McClaran, Rome V., Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg, Pa.; Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. ]\Iay II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 149 McCIean, Robert B., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Q. M. Sgt. Aug. i. 1898; k. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McClellan, Burl, Priv. Co. E ; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McClellan, George B., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. McClellan, Harley, Priv. Co. G; Res. Mif- flintown. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCloskey, George A., Mus. Co. F; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McComish, Charles D., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McComish, Ralph C, Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCoy, Robert AI., Priv. Co. F; Res. Cook- port, Pa.: Enrd. June 2, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCrady, Manuel, Priv. Co. F; Res. Glen Campbell, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May ti, 1898; Prom. Corp, June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCreary, George S., Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. McCrossin, Edward G.. Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898;. M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCrossin, James G., Priv. Co. E; Res. Os- ceola Mills, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCullough, A., Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCullough, Charles H., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCullough, Frederick E., Priv. Co. K; Res. Farmington, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCune, Edward N., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June oy, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McCune, Philip, Priv. Co. D; Res. Coke- ville, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McDonnell, James W., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McElcarr, William G., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P) ; Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McElrath, Charles F., Priv. Co. G; Res. Beaver Springs, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I.June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McElwee, Wilson H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McEntire, Lindsey W., Priv. Co. M; Res. Clarion, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Mus. Nov. 7, 1898. McFadden, John, Priv. Co. C: Res. Holli- daysburg, Pa. (N. G. P).; Enrd. April ly. 150 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. McFeaters, William, Priv. Co. D; Res. Black-lick, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. iMcGarey, John, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Xov. 7, 1898. ,McGhee, W. E., Pnv. Co. E; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McGunigal, Samuel A., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (X. G. P.): Enrd. April 2-], 1898; M. L May 11, 1898: .M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McHenry, David, Priv. Co. F ; Res. Indiana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mcllhenny, James G., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mcllroy, James T., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mclntyre, J. C, Priv. Co. L; Res. Wigont, Pa.: Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. as Artf. Nov. 7, 1898. Mcjunkin, William P.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Ebenezer, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. Mny II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McKee, Harry D., Priv. Co. C; Res. Roar- ing Spring, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McKee, W^illiam C, Sgt. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 28, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Dischd. July 31, 1898, to accept commission as 2d Lieut.; Prom, to 2d Lieut. July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 2ilcKovvn, George \V., Priv. Co. M; Res. Tunkhannock, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McLain, James, Priv. Co. B; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; .M. O. with Co. i\ov. 7, 1898. McLaughlin, F'rank W., Priv. Co. F; Res. Davis, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2^, 1898; AI. 1. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McLaughlin, John A., Corp. Co. F ; Res. Davis, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2-], 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McAIanaway, Harry F., Priv. Co. B; Res. Penn Hall, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. McMichael, George W., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898. M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, i8y8. McXaniara, Robert C, Maj.; Res. Bed- ford, Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. McPherran, Alton, Priv. Co. G; Res." Yeagertown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Meese, William B., Priv. Co. G; Res. Beilefonte, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. L June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Meise, J. IL, Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa. ; Enrd. July 14, 1898 ; M. I. July 14, 1898 ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Meller, Harry B., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; AND REPRESENTATR^E CITIZENS 151 M. I. May ii, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mench, Homer F., Priv. Co. C ; Res. Wil- liamsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mentzer, Edward B., Priv. Co. C; Res. Hollidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Metzger, William C, Sgt. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 2},, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Meyer, Louis, Priv. Co. L ; Res. Munson, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Meyer, William, Priv. Co. D ; Res. Coke- ville. Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miess, Andrew, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mignot, Fernando J., Priv. Co. L ; Res. Karthaus, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mikesell, Ira B., Priv. Co. D; Res. Kent, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp June 3, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miksitz, Charles J., Priv. Co. E ; Res. Clearfield. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2~, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Brooks E., Corp. Co. D ; Res. Cokeville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Bruce D., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (,N. G. P.): Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Charles, Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Charles E., Priv. Co. M; Res. Orr- tanna. Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Dorsey G., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Edward C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Transfd. to Sig. Corps, 1st A. C. June 15, 1898, by S. O. 140 A. G. O. Miller, George H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, George P., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. Miller, Harry L., Corp. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Harvey E., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Hayes W.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Apollo, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Herman A., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, James B., Priv. Co. I; Res. Stan- 15S HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ton Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, James B., Priv. Co. A; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. L June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, John V., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. June 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Sgt. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Lloyd S., Priv. Co. A; Res. Ty- rone, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Merton R., Priv. Co. K; Res. Lib- erty, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Samuel M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June I-/, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Miller, Thomas B., Priv. Co. D; Res. Kent. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; AL O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Milliron, Ezra L.. Priv. Co. I; Res. Elk Lick. Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Minnigh, John H., Mus. Co. E; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mitchell, Bruce P., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Ad- dison, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mitchell, Edsell N., Priv. Co. K; Res. Holi- day, Pa.: Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mitchell, Harold B., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield. Pa.: Enrd. June 20, 1898: M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mitchell, John H., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. L June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mitchell, Merle, Priv. Co. K; Res. Holi- day, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Monney, Stephen H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Smicksburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 2^, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Monks, Edward K., Priv. Co. K; Res. Keeneyville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. 1. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Monroe, Robert J., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blacklick, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Moore, Logan R., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Saltsburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Moorhead, Alexander R., Corp. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Aloorhead, Hugh M., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2-, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Morrison, James, Corp. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Sgt. May 13, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Morrison, John, Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa.; (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Morrison, Samuel, Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Apptd. Artf. May 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 153 Moser, Howard, Priv. Co. ]\I ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mostyn, John E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Osce- ola Milis, Pa.: Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mountain, Joseph C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mountain, Thomas H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mourhess, Bert L., Priv. Co. K; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mullen, Walter R., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. IMuller, Henry G., Priv. Co. H; Res. Somerset, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May i-i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mumper, John H., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Waynesboro. Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mundorf, Hugh, Priv. Co. D; Res. Coke- ville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. ]\Iurphy, Francis, Chap., Res. Pittsburg, Pa. : Enrd. Aug. 8, 1898; M. I. Aug. 8. 1898; Comsd. as Chap. Aug. i, 1898: M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Murphy, John B., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. ; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Murray, Clinton G.. Priv. Co. B; Res. Snow Shoe Intersection, Pa. ; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Murray, James M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Murray, William C, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Washington, D. C. ; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Musselman, Charles T., Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May g, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Musselman, Clarence J., Priv. Co. ]\I ; Res. Fairfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Musselman, George W., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Fairfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 15. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Mutcher, John H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; ]\I. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Myers, Albertus L., Priv. Co. F; Res. Ho- mer City, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Myers, Charles E., Mus. Co. H; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Myers, Edward W. Priv. Co. K ; Res. How- ard, Pa.; Elnrd. July 12, 1898; M. I., July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Myers, Harr\- E., Corp. Co. C; Res HoUi- 154 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTV daysburg, Pa. (X. G. P.); Kurd April 27, 1898; M L May 11, 1898; Prom. Sgt. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Myers, John S., Priv. Co. G; Res. McVey- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Naugle, Ehner L., Priv. Co. I; Res. Buck- stone, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Neff, Charles P., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; U. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Neff, Harry H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Howard. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. .\pril 27, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Nesbit, Arthur L., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville. Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. L June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Newell, Ernest M., Sgt. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. l. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Nicholson, Israel R., Priv. Co. 1; Res. Som- erset, Pa.: Enrd. July 5. 1898: M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Nightsinger, George H., Corp. Co. G; Res. Lewiston, Pa. ( N. G. P. ) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Nixon, John, Priv. Co. G ; Res. Mifflintown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Noel, William J.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Noland, Elmer, Mus. Co. A; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Noll, James O. Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Noll, John S., Priv. Co. C; Res. Duncans- ville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Northcraft, Edward, Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; ^L O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Numer, David E., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Numer, Jesse H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Nupp. Irvin H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Purchase Line. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co Nov. 7, 1898. Nupp, Orren O., Priv. Co. F; Res. Pur- chase Line, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. O'Dell, Benton, Priv. Co. E; Res. Mahaffey, Pa. ; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. L June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Odell, Lawrence E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ogden, Jerrad M, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. O'Hara, Thomas, Priv Co. G; Res. Lewis- town. Pa.: Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Olewine. George, Sgt. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 155 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Olmes, Edward, Mus. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Onkst, WilHam, Priv. Co. C; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 189S; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Orner, Harry, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewiston, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Osborne, Ray, Priv. Co. K; Res. Draper, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Osman, Ottis, Priv. Co. B ; Res. State Col- lege, Pa. ; Enrd. June 27, 1898 ; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Osmer, Clarence H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Belief onte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Oves, Henry B., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Owens, Alfred, Priv Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Owens, Harry M., O. M. Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Oyer, Joseph E., Priv. Co. K; Res. Lamb's Creek, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Page, George \V., Priv. Co. H; Res. Min- eral Point, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Palmer, Alonzo C, Priv. Co. E; Res. Wood- land, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Palmer, Mack M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Black- lick, Pa.; Enrd. June 2;^, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parker, Harry, Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parks, Isaac N., Priv. Co. H; Res. Cone- maugh. Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parks, John K., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parr, Charles E., Priv. Co. E; Res. Olive- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parsons, Edgar S., Priv. Co. K; Res. West- field, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Parsons, James H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Flem- ing, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Patrick, William O., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Patterson, Harry C, Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May. 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Patterson, Howard, Priv. Co. D; Res. New Alexander, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Paul, David, Priv. Co. L; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; killed en route to Philadelphia Peace Jubilee Oct. 25, 1898, on railroad at Tyrone, Pa. Paul, William J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. 156 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY Tearce, Reese B., Corp. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pennell, Clarence B., Priv. Co. G; Res. Pat- terson, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Peters, Earl J. Priv. Co. K; Res. Osceola, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Peters, Harr}' A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Peters, Ranlvin D., Priv. Co. L; Res. Cur- wensville, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; Reduced from rank of Corp. at his own request Aug. i, 1898; Detailed as Mus. Sept. I, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Mus. Nov. 7, 1898. Petrikin, Malcolm, Priv. Co. A ; Res. Wash- ington, D. C. ; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Pfahler, Frederick P., Priv. Co. I; Res. Meyersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Q. M. Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pfahler, Herhert H., Priv. Co. I; Res. Mey- ersdale. Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pier, Clarence E.. Priv. Co. K; Res. Corn- ing, N. Y.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pierce, John M.. Priv. Co. F: Res. Am- brose, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Pierce, Joseph A.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 24. 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1S98. Pitman, William G., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown, Pa.; Enrd. May 3, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Piatt, Morse, Priv. Co. I; Res. Meyersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Platter, George W., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Gar- rett, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. L July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pluebell, John A., Priv. Co. L; Res. Osce- ola Mills, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Poorman, Lemuel R., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Port. Vance J., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Porter. Charles C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Alex- andria, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Portser, William J.. Priv. Co. D; Res. Saksburg. Pa.; Enrd. ]\Iay 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Potter, Henry C, Chief Mus.; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11. 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Potter. Ivan C, Priv. Co. K; Res. Man.s- field. Pa.; Enrd. July 12. 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Powers, David, Priv. Co. G; Res. Reeds- ville, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pressler. Harris H.. Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Price, John \\'., I'riv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 157 town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; ]\I. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Price, Walter, Priv. Co. G ; Res. Lewistown, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Printz, Albert E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Prothero, Harold N., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898: Tranfd. to Reser\'e Amb. Corps June 27, 1898, per S. O. 5. Prough, Frank, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pugh, Charles, Priv. Co. I; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Pugh, Robert, Priv. Co. 1 ; Res. Somerset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Pugh, Robert G., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set. Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Purcell, James F., Priv. Co. G; Res. New- ton Hamilton, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Quigley, Daniel F., Priv. Co. G; Res. Burn- ham, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Quimby. Charles M.. Priv. Co. K; Res. Del- mar, Pa.; Enrd. July i, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Radcliffe. Ralph. Priv. Co. F; Res. Horton, Pa. (N. G. P); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rambler, Thomas W., Priv. Co. A; Res. McVeytown, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Randolph, Scott E., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rathbun, Lee, Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. 1. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Read, Amos P., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Recknor, William B., Priv. Co. I; Res. Ad- dison, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Redding, Henry E., Priv. Co. B; Res. How- ard, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Redmond, James, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Reed, James C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunting- don, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Reed.. Scott B., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Det. June 13, 1898, by S. O. 26, 1st Corps Hdqts., dated June 13, 1898. Reed. Walter A., Sgt. Co. D; Res. Kent, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May I, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Reed. William G.. ist Sgt. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rees, William G.. Priv. Co. L; Res. Kar- thaus. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Reeser, John R.. Priv. Co. M; Res. York, 158 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Repine, Charles B.. Priv. Co. F; Res. Ho- mer City, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 2^, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Resinger. Isaac L., Priv. Co. E; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rhoads, Harry Stoy, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rhoads, Philip S., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 5. 1898: M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rhoads, Royal G., Priv. Co. I: Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rhoads, Samuel H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Fleming, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May u, 1898: jM. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rhodes, Harry H., Priv. Co. F; Res. Ho- mer City, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Rice, Ira N.. Priv. Co. K; Res. Draper, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. 0. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Richardson. Joseph \V., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon. Pa.; Enrd. June 2^. 1898; M. I. June 27,, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Richardson, William R., Priv. Co. F: Res. Rochester Alills. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. 1. May II. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Richsten. John, Priv. Co. M; Res. Littles- town. Pa. ; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Riddle, John, Priv. Co. B; Res. Pleasant Gap. Pa.; Enrd. May 7. 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rightmire. Charles P.. Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ringler, Alfred F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Risbeck, Jacob A., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ringler, Theodore O., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rittenhouse. Lawrence. Priv. Co. B ; Res. Phiiipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Robb. Milton. Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa.; Enrd. June 2j. 1898; M. I. June 2y, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Robb, William C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Roberts, Edwin M., Priv. Co. K; Res. W'ellsboro. Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. I'lobcrls. Richard W., Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown. Pa. (X. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Robins. George L., Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13. 1898: M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Robinson, Joseph C. Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. June 21. i8g8; M. I. June 21, 1898; died at 3d Div. Hosp. Aug. 15. 1898. Rol)inson, A\'illiam B.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysurg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898: M. I. July 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rohrer. Ralph A.. Priv. Co. A; Res. Al- toona. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 159 1S98; Transfd. to Reserve Amb. Co. by S. O. 26, Hdqts. I St A. C. Roller, William C, Priv. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rook, Frank, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 11, i8g8; Prom. Sgt. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rook, William J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Artf. Nov. 7, 1898 Roop, Elmer K., Priv. Co. A; Res. New- ton Hamilton. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. I\Iay II, 1898; Prom. O. M. Sgt. of Regt. Aug. 16, 1898; by Regtl. G. O. 18; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Rose, William T., Priv. Co. K; Res. Niles Valley, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Ross, James P., O. M. Sgt. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; j\I. I. Alay II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ross, Moses R., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Addi- son, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 16, 1898; M. O. wath Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Roth, George H., Priv. Co. M ; Res. New Oxford, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898: M. I. July 20. 1898; Prom. Sgt. Aug. i. 1898; M. "0. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Rothrock, David E., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May n. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rothrock, Percy B., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rounsley, Thomas J., Priv. Co. L; Res. Houtzdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Roush, Harry, Priv. Co. C; Res. Roaring Spring, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rowe, Hall S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa. ; Enrd. ^lay 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Tranfd. to Reserve Amb. Corps. July 3, 1898. Rowe, William A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Reedsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rowles, Lewis C, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; U. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rowles, Luther, Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. June 21. 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rowles, Perry A., Priv. Co. L; Res. Grampian, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ruble, Harry B., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1S98; M O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rufifner, Lewis, Priv. Co. F; Res. Tan- oma. Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rummel, John F., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa. ; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Russell, Arthur J., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. wn'th Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Russell, Evan, Capt. Co. M; Res. Wil- liam sport. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. July 21, 160 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. I. July 21, X898; Apptd. Capt. July 20, 1898; Assumed command of Co. July 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Russell, James S., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Rutty, Wayne E., Priv. Co. K; Res. Crooked Creek, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ryan, Harry H., Corp. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sackett, David R., Sgt. Co. R ; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Samuels, William ]., Priv. Co. C. ; Res. Hollidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sandoe, James L., Priv. Co. B; Res. Cen- tre Hall, Pa. ; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sandoe, Ralph T., Priv. Co. M; Res. Biglerville, Pa.; luird. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sansom, James B., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa.; Enrd. May 4, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sassaman, Robert F.. Priv. Co. C. ; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898: M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Saylor, Frank P., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Saylor, George \\'., Priv. Co. H : Res. Listie, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Saylor, William A., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Lull, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Scanlin, Thomas, Priv. Co. K ; Res. Del- mar. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. 1. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schanbacher, Edgar M., Priv. Co. K; Res. Forksville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898; G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schell, Walter S., Priv. Co. G; Res. Har- risburg. Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schell, William P., 2d Lieut. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schiefer, Frankland H., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 27, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schluter, Henry L., Priv. Co. L; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Died Sept. 3, 1898, in Hosp. at Pittsburg of typhoid fever. Schreck, Ai, Priv. Co. L ; Res. Kylertown, Pa.: Kurd. July 14, 1898: M. I. July 14, 189S: M. (). with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schriver, Robert A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schrock, Calvin, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Somer- set, Pa. ; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schuldt, John C, Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 161 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schultz, George H., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Schwab, Fredrick, Priv. Co. K; Res. Ridg- way. Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Scott, Charles, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Bakers- ville. Pa.; Enrd. June 2-], 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sechler, James B., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Listie, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sechrist, John J., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa. : Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Seibert, William D., Priv. Co. G; Res. Mc- Veytown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898, M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sell, Charles H., Priv. Co. M; Res. Littles- town, Pa. ; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sell, Jacob H., Jr., Priv. Co. M; Res. Han- over, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Seynor, John M., 2d Lieut. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shadle, John W., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shadle, William, Priv. Co. M; Res. Littles- town, Pa.: Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. whh Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaffer, Charles S., Priv. Co. I; Res. Jen- ners, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaffer, Clarence E., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaffer, Frederick L., Priv. Co. K; Res. Forksville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaffer, John W., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaffer, William, Priv. Co. F; Res. Belsano, Pa.; Enrd. June 2-j, 1898; M. L June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shakespeare, Noah, Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. whh Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shannon, Wesley M., Priv. Co. F; Res. Brushvalley, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sharp, William, Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sharp, Wilmer A., Priv. Co. F ; Res. West Lebanon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shaw, Albert J., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sheaffer, Alexander H., Corp. Co. A; Res. Mt. Union, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Sgt. July 28, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shearer, Clarence S., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 162 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shearer, Michael D., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sherbine, Alvin, Priv. Co. F; Res. Wil- more. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sheriff, Elmer C, Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; Tranfd. to 3d Div. Hosp. Corps, I St A. C. July 20, 1898. Sheriff, Thomas M., Priv. Co. D; Res. Cokeville, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sheriff, Wallace M., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Wig- ton, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sherlock, Thomas M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Tranfd. to 5th Regt. Hosp. Corps June 13, 1898. Shields, George E., Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shields, James A., Priv. Co. G; Res. Bum- ham, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shilling, Ralph, Priv. Co. F; Res. Trade City, Pa. ; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. Jime 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shimel, Walter, Priv. Co. L; Res. Lajose, Pa.: Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shirey, Oscar A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Flem- ing, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shirk, Lynn J., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shirley, William J., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shoemaker, John S., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shontz, Edgar, Priv. Co. L; Res. Wigton, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Shoup, Samuel E., Mus. Co. B ; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shove, Herbert D., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro. Pa.: Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Showers, Ira M., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shufiflebotham, Joseph W., Priv. Co. C; Res. HoUidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shugarts, Fred R., Priv. Co. L; Res. Luth- ersburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898- M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shultz, Noah C, Priv. Co. I; Res. Bakers- ville, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Simler, Arthur C, Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 2y, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Simpson, Charles R., Hosp. Stew. ; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Simpson, Warren B., Priv. Co. A; Res. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 163 Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2"], 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Singer, Chester M., Priv. Co. H; Res. Vinco, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sipe, Lawrence E., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Dischd. from the Co. as Corp. Oct. 3, 1898, per telegraphic order from \V. Depl., Washington, D. C. Sipes, Charles R., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 19, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sixbee, Jay F., Priv. Co. K ; Res. Sylvania, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Slagle, Louis N., Capt. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Slater, John R., Priv. Co. C ; Res. Duncans- ville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Shawley, Robert M., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M . O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Absalom W., Capt. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Albert M., Priv. Co. A; Res. Latta Grove, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Arthur G., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Claude E., Priv. Co. M; Res. Em- mitsburg, Md. ; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Edward, Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith. Eugene F., Priv. Co. L; Res. Cur- wensville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Frank A., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Frank H., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Frank W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Harry E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, James E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. wdth Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, James L., Priv. Co. G; Res. Yea- gertown. Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Jonas L., Priv. Co. A; Res. Mapleton, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, Victor, Priv. Co. K; Res. Mains- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Smith, William R., ist Sgt. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snellings, James A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Cross Fork, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. 164 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY July 14, iSy8; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snoke, Jay, Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898 ;M. I.July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snook, Percy M., Priv. Co. G; Res. Cross Grove, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snow, Francis C, Priv. Co. D ; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May n, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, Aaron, Priv. Co. E; Res. La Jose, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, Carl E., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, Charles D., Priv. Co. C; Res. Roar- ing Spring, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder. Charles P.. Priv. Co. M; Res. York. Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, Charles W., Corp. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, Elmer D., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Coqx June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder, George B., Priv. Co. B; Res. State College. Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 30, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Snyder. John F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sollenberger, Samuel B.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Baltimore, Md. ; Enrd. July 19, 1898: M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Somerville, Charles H., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sommers. David P., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Souders, Frank D., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Souders, Leo A., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Southeimer, Harry, Priv. Co. D; Res. Knights, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Spangler, Martin E., Priv. Co. M ; Res. York, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Spangler, Newton B., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Bellefonte. Pa. (N. G. P) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Speiciier. John E., Priv. Co. H; Res. Conemaugh, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II. 1898: Prom. Corp. June 28. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Speicher, Pius M., Priv. Co. I; Res. Mey- ersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 5. 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Spiglemyer. Milton, Priv. Co. G; Res. Dormantown, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 165 Spink, Alfred J., Priv. Co. K; Res. Cherry twp., Sullivan Co., Pa. ; Enrd July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Spotts, Jacob J., Priv. Co. B; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stackpole, James S., ist Lieut. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stage, James K., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Stailey, James H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Everett, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Staley, Augustus E., Priv. Co. M; Res. Kingsdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Staub, Louis R., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Mc- Sherrystown, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stayer, Andrew S., Surg.; Res. Altoona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 5, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Stayer, Edgar S., Battn. Adj.; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2y, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Regt. Nov. 7, 1898. Stayer, Morrison C, Priv. Co. H; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; Tranfd. to 3d Div. Amb. Corps June 16, 1898, per S. O. 26. Steel, Robert M., Priv. Co. A.; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov, 7, 1898. Steffy, William M., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Sgt. Aug. i, 1898; Died Aug. 18, 1898. Stem, George A., Priv. Co. H. ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stephens, Harry W., Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa., (N. G. P.); Enrd. A^ril 2T, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Sgt. Sept. 10, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stevens, Daniel G., Priv. Co. K: Res. Hammond, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Mus. Nov. 7. 1898. Stevens, John R., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Stewart, Harry M., Priv. Co. C; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27,, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Tranfd. to Hosp. Corps June 23, 1898. Stewart, John E., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Stiers, T. E., Priv. Co. L; Res. Ply- mouth, Pa.; Enrd. July 14. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stiffler, Charles, Sgt. Co. C; Res. Holli- daysburg. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Stine, Harry P., Priv. Co. B; Res. Fill- 166 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY more, Pa.; Enrd. June 2"], i8y8; AI. I. June 2T, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stine, James A., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Pleas- ant Gap, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stinson, Herbert E., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stitzel, John A., Priv. Co. M; Res. Ben- dersville. Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stonebraker, William F., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. L June 23, 1898; Died at his home, Indiana, Pa. of typhoid fever, Sept. 29, 1898. Stonesifer, Joseph B., Priv. Co. M; Res. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 16, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Sept. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stratford, Thomas F., Priv. Co. G; Res. Mt. Union, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stratton, Charley, Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Streams, Harry B., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indi- ana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Streevy, Walter H., Priv. Co. K; Res. Over- ton, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Strickler, George W., Priv. Co. M; Res. York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 20. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Apptd. Artf. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stnmk, Jesse P., Priv. Co. A; Res. Belle- ville, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stubbs, William H., Priv. Co. A; Res. Ma- pleton. Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stuby, Valentine, Priv. Co. F; Res. Indi- ana, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stuchell, Harry \\'., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stull, Elijah W'., Priv. Co. I; Res. Stony Creek, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 189S; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stumpf, Harry, Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- ville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sturrock, Guy, Corp. Co. K; Res. W'ells- boro. Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp. July 23, 1898; G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. : M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stutler. Otterbine G., Priv. Co. H; Res. jarvesville. Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 2-j, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Stutzman, Otto O., Priv. Co. I; Res. Lull, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sullivan, George A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Roar- ing Spring, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Sunday, George W., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sutton. James, Jr., Sgt. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Swain, Charles T., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 167 town, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Swartz, George C, Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Swartz, George T., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Som- erset, Pa.; Enrd. July 8, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sweeney, Michael P., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. July 8, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sweet, Wesley, Priv. Co. K; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Sweitzer, Samuel H., Priv. Co. B; Res. Bellefonte, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tampsett, William, Priv. Co. M ; Res. West York, Pa. ; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tampt, William H., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg. Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tate, Frederick M. ; Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15. 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tate, Rushmore Q., Priv. Co. K; Res. Wellsboro, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, Charles J., 2d Lieut. Co. B ; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, Edward R, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Bellefonte, Pa. (N. G. P.): Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898: Prom. Corp. May 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, Frank H., Mus. Co. B; Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Died in Div. Hosp. July 7, 1898. Taylor, Harris L., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, Hugh S., Capt. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, Jacob C, Capt. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, James W., Priv. Co. D ; Res. Saltsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Taylor, LeRoy, Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. June 25, 1898; M. I. June 25, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nqv. 7, 1898. Taylor, Royden J., Priv. Co. F; Res. In- diana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Teats, Martin L., ist. Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tebbs, Frederick T., Priv. Co. B; Res. Howard, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thomas, Blair A., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. April 2y, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thomas. Charles B., Sgt. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27. 168 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thomas, Daniel, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thomas. John, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Centre Hall, Pa.: Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; Died at Div. Hosp. Sept. 18, 1898. Thomas, Thomas, Priv. Co. I ; Res. Elk Lick. Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. at Fort Thomas, Ky., Dec. 21, 1898. Thompson, Benton R., Corp. Co. F; Res. Glen Campl)ell, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thompson, Earnest D., Corp. Co. A ; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Thompson, Verden R., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Thomson, Edgar, Priv. Co. M ; Res. Frederick, Md. ; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Threlkeld, James E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Throne, Charles G., Priv. Co. M; Res. East York. Pa.; Enrd. July 20. 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tillburg, William, Priv. Co. K ; Res. Mansfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tipple, Lewis. Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro, Pa.; -Enrd. July 12. 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tomlinson, Stewart, Priv. Co. G; Res. Burnham, Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Toner, Samuel E., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Townsend, Harry N., Priv. Co. K ; Res. Tiadaghton, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Treese, Elhannan J., Priv. Co. C; Res. Hollidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Tressler, Franklin M., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Meyersdale, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M.J. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Trimmer, Samuel P., Priv. Co. M; Res. Hanover, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. b. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Trone, Maurice N., Priv. Co. M; Res. Han- over, Pa.; Enrd. July 20, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom, ist Sgt. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Trout, Frank W.. Priv. Co. G; Res. Lew- istown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Troxell, Milton E., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clear- field, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May it, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Truxal, Albert L., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Tully, James, Priv. Co. G; Res. Yeager- town. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Turnev. Harr\' P.. Priv. Co. I; Res. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 169 Marklesburg, Pa.; Eiird. July 6, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Twigg, Harry F., Priv. Co. L; Res. Phil- ipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Underwood, Jesse, Priv. Co. B ; Res. Belle- fonte, Pa.; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Uphouse, John F., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Van Allman, William A., 2d Lieut. Co. C; Res. Hollidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.) Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Van Vliet, John A., Priv. Co. K; Res. Del- mar, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Van Zant, James S., Priv. Co. G; Res. Al- farata. Pa.; Enrd. May 10, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Varner, Stewart S., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wade, Joseph., Priv. Co. L; Res. Philips- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp.; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wagner, George E. ; Priv. Co. G ; Res. Lew- istown. Pa. (N. G P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. as Corp. Nov. 7, 1898. Wagner, WilberL., Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. I. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wahl, Frederick W., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wakefield. George W., ist Lieut. Co. D; Res. Blairsville. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-], 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Waksfiield, Louis A., Priv. Co. H; Res. New Florence, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Walker, Israel T., Priv. Co. F; Res. She- locta. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Walker, Lewis A., Priv. Co. B; Res. Re- bersburg. Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. L June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wallace, Frank, Priv. Co. B; Res. Miles- burg, Pa. ; Enrd. June 28, 1898; M. L June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Walsh, John, Sgt. Co. C; Res. Hollidays- burg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom, ist Sgt. June 28, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Walters, Lloyd W., Priv. Co. C; Res. Dun- cansville. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Walton, Oliver T., Priv. Co. D; Res. Salts- burg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Waple, Charles R., Priv. Co. E; Res. Wal- laceton. Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May Ti, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Warfel, George, Priv. Co. G; Res. Green- wood Furnace, Pa.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. L June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Warfel, William G., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Waring, Charles T., Priv. Co. B; Res. Philipsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Warner, George N., Priv. Co. M ; Res. New Oxford, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. 170 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY L July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; Sgt. Sept. I, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Watson, Harry W, Corp. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N.' G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Watson, John L., 2d Lieut. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G."P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Watson, Robert W. K., Priv. Co. M; Res. Fairfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Waugaman, Milton R., Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; Tranfd. to U. S. Sig. Corps July 12, 1898. Way, William C, Priv. Co. E; Res. Cur- wensville. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weatherby, Edmund S. J., Priv. Co. G; Res. Miilville, N. J.; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. L June 29, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, Calvin, Priv. Co. E; Res. New- tonburg. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. L June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, Edward W., Corp. Co. D ; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, George D., Priv. Co. M : Res. Newry, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. ^-Weaver, Hilarion C, Corp. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; J^L O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, Howard, Priv. Co. I; Res. Hopewell, Pa.; Enrd. July 6, 1898; U. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, John E., Priv. Co. F ; Res. Homer City, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; ^L L May II, 1898; Apptd. Wag. June i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, John F., Jr., Priv. Co. E; Res. Clearfield, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 2j, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, John J., Priv. Co. E; Res. Fair- brook, Pa. ; Enrd. June 2j, 1898; M. L June 27,1898; I\L O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, Louis S., Priv. Co. M ; Res. Newry, Pa.; Enrd. July 18, 1898; M. L July 20, 1898; Prom. Sgt. Aug. i, 1898; reduced to Priv. Sept. i, 1898, at his own request; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weaver, Thomas M., Sgt. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; Prom; to Q. M. Sgt. June 3, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Webb, Charles R., Priv. Co. K; Res. Draper, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. L July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weber, Carl E., Sgt. Co. G; Res. Lewis- town, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. L May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Weber, Clarence, Priv. Co. L; Res. Clearfield, Pa.; Enrd. July 13. 1898; M. L July 14. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wechtenhiser, Isaiah, Priv. Co. I; Res. Berlin, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898: M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weight, David W., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 171 toona, Pa.; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weimer, Benton H., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairsville, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. W'einel, Aldis L., Priv. Co. D; Res. Paulton, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weirick, Frank X., Priv. Co. M; Res.. Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Welch, Leon E., Priv. Co. K; Res. Elk Run, Pa.; Enrd. July 11, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Apptd. Corp. July 23, 1898, G. O. 8 c. s. Regt. ; M. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. Welch, Walter, Priv. Co. E; Res. Houtz- dale, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weld, John H., Priv. Co. E; Res. Glen Hope, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Welshons, George E., Priv. Co. H ; Res. New Florence, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp June 28, 1898; M. 6. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898 Welty, Charles R., Priv. Co. M; Res Gettysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898 M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. West, John H., Capt. Co. C; Res. Hol- lidaysburg, Pa. (N. G. P.) : Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov 7, 1898. West, Vickroy, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johns- town, Pa.; Enrd. May 4, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. West, William S., Priv. Co. I ; Res. Lis- tie, Pa.; Enrd. July 7, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co Nov. 7, 1898. West, William W., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. wit h Co. Nov. 7, Westbrook, Edsal N., Priv. Co. K; Res. Tioga, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; Prom. Corp July 23, 1898; G. O. 8 c. s. Regt; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Weston, Forest M., Priv. Co. B; Res. Olivia, Pa.; Enrd. June 27, 1898; M. I. June 27, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wetzel, Lewis G., Priv. Co. F; Res. Marion Centre, Pa.; Enrd. May 9, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. \\'heeler, Lewis A., ist Sgt. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Whipple, George, Priv Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 14, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. White, Joseph C, Priv. Co. F; Res. Crete, Pa. "(N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. White, Ray D., Priv. Co. A; Res. Pitts- burg, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. WHiite, William G., Priv. Co. A; Res. Pittsburg, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Whittaker, Clarence H., Priv. Co. A ; Res. Huningdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Whittaker, Ralph R.. Priv. Co. A; Res. 172 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Huntingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wiggins, Robert H., 2d Lieut. Co. D; Res. Blairsviile, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: Prom, ist Lieut. Co. L. 51)1 Regt., July 31, 1898; M. O. with Co. L. Nov. 7, 1898. Wilcox, Charles C, Priv. Co. D; Res. Saltsburg, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898: M. I. June 24, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Wildes, Clayton B., Priv. Co. C; Res. Altoona, Pa.; Enrd. May 10. 1898: M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. i8g8. Wiley, Hugh R., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- viile, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 2y, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Dischd. May 2^. 1898. per S. O. 115 A. G. O. Wiley, Scott A., Corp. Co. D; Res. Black- lick, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. A^pril 27, 1898; M. L May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Wilkes, Roy, Priv. Co. K ; Res. Landruc, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Willhelm, William V., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa.; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williams, George W., Priv. Co. K; Res. Forksville, Pa.; Enrd. July 12, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7. 1898. Williams, Harrison G., Priv. Co. B ; Res. Howard, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williams, Henry Clay, Priv. Co. L; Res. DuBois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 189S. Williams, Lawrence O., Priv. Co. F; Res. Kenwood, Pa.; Enrd. June 2, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williams, Maurice. Priv. Co. M ; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom Sgt. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williams, Robert S., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williams, Willis, Priv. Co. B; Res. Belle- fonte. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. May 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Williamson, Richard W., Priv. Co. A; Res. Huntingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 1898. W^illard, George F., Priv. Co. L; Res. Du- Bois, Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wilson, George H., Priv. Co. D; Res. Blairs- viile, Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wilson, John D., Priv. Co. F; Res. Indiana, Pa. ; Enrd. June 22, 1898; M. I. June 22, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wingert, Samuel T., Priv. Co. F; Res. Marchand, Pa.; Enrd. June 23, 1898; M. I. June 23, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. \\'ise, James, Priv. Co. M ; Res. Gettys- burg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Woleslagle, John A., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wolf, Robert F.. Priv. Co. 11; Res. Johns- town. Pa. (N. G. P.); Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 173 W'olf, William N., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johns- town, Pa. (X. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. W'omer, Francis M., Priv. Co. G; Res. Lewistown, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Died in Hosp., Chickamauga, Ga., July 22, 1898. Woodend, J. \V. Priv. Co. D; Res. Indiana, Pa. ; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Woodruff, Lucian D., Jr., Priv. Co. H; Res. Johnstown, Pa. ( N. G. P. ) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898: M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom. Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Woodward, Americas H., Capt. Co. E; Res. Clearfield. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 2-j, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wright, Charles F., Priv. Co. I; Res. Somer- set, Pa.; Enrd. July 4, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wright, Nelson A., Priv. Co. I; Re.s. Addi- son, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898: M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wright, Roscoe M., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wrye, Charles W., Priv. Co. E; Res. Mor- risdale Mines, Pa.; Enrd. June 21, 1898; M. I. June 21. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Wyland, Daniel D., Priv. Co. G; Res. Burn- ham, Pa. ; Enrd. June 29, 1898; M. I. June 29, 1893; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Yeagy, W^illiam F.. Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Prom. Corp. Aug. i, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, I Yocum, George I., Priv. Co. A; Res. Hunt- ingdon, Pa.; Enrd. May 7, 1898; M. I. May II, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Yocum, Samuel F., Priv. Co. C; Res. Al- toona. Pa. (N. G. P.) ; Enrd. April 27, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; Prom Corp. June 28, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Young, Emil, Priv. Co. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. April 2^, 1898; M. I. May 11, ''^ 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Young, Hugh C, Priv. Co. K; Res. Wells- boro. Pa.; Enrd. July 13, 1898; M. I. July 14, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Zeigler, Joseph D. E., Priv. Co. E; Res. Du- Bois, Pa. ; Enrd. June 20, 1898; M. I. June 20. 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. " Zercher, John W., Priv. Co. M; Res. Lit- tlestown. Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Ziegler, Charles T., Priv. Co. M; Res. Get- tysburg, Pa.; Enrd. July 15, 1898; M. I. July 20, 1898; Dischd. July 30, 1898; per Par. 45. S. O. W. Dept., dated Aug. 3, 189S; Dischd. to accept commission; Apptd. 2d Lieut. July 28, 1898; M. I. July 31, 1898, at Camp Thomas, Ga. ; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Zigler, Foster, Priv. C. H ; Res. Johnstown, Pa.; Enrd. May 4, 1898; M. I. May 11, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Zimmerman, Edward, Priv. Co. A; Res. Birmingham, Pa.; Enrd. June 24, 1898; M. I. June 24, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. Zimmerman, Harvey J., Priv. Co. I; Res. Forward, Pa.; Enrd. July 5, 1898; M. I. July 8, 1898; Prom Corp. July 16, 1898; M. O. with Co. Nov. 7, 1898. CHAPTER X THE PRESS A Sketch of Jour)wHsm in Clearfield County — The First County Paper — A Home-ntade Press — The "Banner" — CleaiHeld Republican — Clearfield Whig — Raftsman's Jour>uil — Clearfield Citisen — The Times-Monitor — Evening Herald — Clearfield County Times — Curwensuille Herald — County Revieiv — The Mountaineer — DuBois Morning Courier — DuBois Express — The Enterprise — DuBois Morning Journal — Houtzdalc Citisen — Osceola Reveille — The Leader-Courier — Coalport Standard — The Hustler, and Other Newspapers. It has been said that "the press is the attractive appearance, indeed being only a voice of the people," defending their causes, slight improvement over the first news- crying their needs and binding them to- paper of the world, printed four hundred gether. So in tracing the development, years before ! The original partnership both material and intellectual, of our county, was of short duration, Mr. Kratzer selling we find no greater factor than the county his share to Mr. Irvin after a few years, press. This was the first of a long list of changes During the first twenty-three years of in ownership, title and political adherence, our county's history, not one county paper for the first county paper. In all it has had was issued. As for other publications, they nineteen owners, five titles and has changed were often days old before they reached its politics four times. This pioneer paper their destination in this part of the coun- is now in its 83rd year, and is published in try. It can be understood, then, with what Clearfield by John F. Short, under the name enthusiasm and interest the establishing of of the Clearfield "Republican." in spite of the first county paper was greeted, in the the fact that it is radically Democratic. year 1827. Its founders were Christopher Kratzer and George S. Irvin, both residents of Philipsburg. Mr. Kratzer, a cabinet- maker by trade, built the press, while Mr. Irvin, who had some experience as a printer, furnished the type. The first issue of this paper was pub- lished at Clearfield about 1827, under the name of the "Pennsylvania Banner." It is said that the original "Banner" was not of The second county newspaper also made its first appearance in the county seat, about 1834. Ex-Governor Bigler edited this paper for about two years, but soon found that with his many other activities, it was not possible to continue this new un- dertaking. The "Democrat," therefore, was discontinued, after its very brief existence. Next came the "Clearfield Whig," 174 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 175 founded by John R. Edie, who was suc- ceeded by Samuel H. Tyson and Samuel T. Williams. This paper, also, was of about two years duration, being discontinued in 1838. For the next twenty years the "Repub- lican" enjoyed an unrivaled existence, then, in 1854, "The Raftsman's Journal" was founded by Hon. H. Bucher Swoope. This was at the time of the dissolution of the Whig party, and Mr. Swoope was a strong advocate of the new American party dur- ing the two years in which he so ably edited this paper. In 1856, S. B. Row took charge of the "Journal," and with the organization of the Republican party, the "Journal" be- came a Republican paper. Since then it has changed hands several times, but never its political complexion and to-day is a Re- publican paper of wide circulation, imder the management of M. L. McQuown. The "Clearfield Citizen" was started in 1878 by John R. Bixler, a strong advocate of the Greenback party. Later Air. Bixler saw fit to sever his connection with that party, and became just as ardent a Demo- crat. Still later the name of the paper was changed to the "Clearfield Democrat." Soon after, MattheAv Savage acquired its ownership, and renamed it "The Public Spirit." Under this name and management it has been continued, and is to-day one of the leading papers of the county, published both daily and weekly. About 1889, S. C. and J. P. Watts es- tablished a Prohibition paper at Clearfield, under the name of "The Monitor." In 1905 this paper was purchased by R. M. Butler, formerly the local editor of the Curwensville "Mountaineer." Subsequent- ly, the "Karthaus Times," which had been started by Dr. Neveling a few years before, was consolidated with the "Monitor," and these papers are now known as the "Times- Monitor." In 1905 Mr. Butler started a daily paper called "The Evening Herald." Both papers are now published by S. V. Border and are independent in politics. In closing this list of papers published at the county seat some mention must be made of the "Multum in Parvo," a most ec- centric little paper published by Dr. Swee- ney about 1883. After a stormy, if brief career, during which time its editor was sued for libel, this paper ceased to appear. Previous to 1872 the county seat enjoyed the honor of publishing the only newspa- pers in this county. But during the sum- mer of that year a stock company, the mem- bers of which were W. and Z. McNaul, E. A. Irvin, Samuel Arnold, A. H. Irvin, W. C. Arnold, Faust & Goodwin, John P. Irvin, John Patton, T. W. Fleming, N. E. Arnold, J. R. Jenkins, Edward Livingston, J. F. Ir- win and L. B. V. Soper, was formed for the purpose of founding a weekly newspaper, in Curwensville. This paper was called the "Clearfield County Times," and was pub- lished by Tolbert J. Robison. Daniel Faust, W. C. Arnold, J. P. Irvin, John Patton. Jr., and Edward Livingston comprised the edi- torial committee. The "Times" proved a great success as a strong Republican paper during the Grant-Greeley campaign. The next year R. H. Brainard bought the "Times" and became its editor. He contin- ued as such for the next nine years. Whit- taker and Fee were the next publishers, and on account of political differences 176 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY edited a paper neutral as to party. After several changes in its ownership John P. Bard purchased the "Times" in 1885, and renamed it "The Curwensville Herald." It now became a successful Republican paper once more, but this success soon failed, for in a year's time the "Herald" passed into other hands and abruptly ceased to l)e pub- lished. Curwensvilie's second attempt at a pa- per was a musical publication, called "The Ancillia" established and edited by Profes- sor C. C. McDonald, in 1881. A year later Professor McDonald changed the ".\ncil- lia" to a sixteen page monthly, under the name of "The County Review." This pa- per was bought in 1884, by R. H. Brainard, who became its editor, and continued as such until the time of his death in 1905. The paper was then purchased by V. King Pifer, who published it several years, after which it ceased to exist. On April 28. 1903, a four page weekly newspaper under the title of "The Moun- taineer" was established in Curwensville by Roland D. Swoope, Esq. and S. Arnold Helmbold. Five years later Mr. Helmbold sold his interest in this paper to Roland D. Swoope, Jr., who has since been its editor and publisher. Since its beginning the "Mountaineer" has been devoted to the cause of Republicanism, and is recognized as one of the foremost county papers in the state. "The DuBois Courier" first appeared in 1879, under the management of Butler and Morton. Three years later J. A. Johnston became its manager, enlarging and improv- ing it so that it became one of the leading papers in the county. In 1884 E. W. Gray became a partner of Mr. Johnston, and two years after, the "Courier" was sold to R. L. Earle, who conducted it as a radical Repub- lican paper. Later the paper was again ac- quired by E. S. and E. \V. Gray, who have since published it as a Republican daily paper, under the name of "The DuBois Morning Courier." For several years a weekly edition of the "Courier" was pub- lished, but this has been discontinued. In 1883, H. C. Wilson, B. S. Hoag and Frank McMichael started an independent paper under the name of the "DuBois Ex- press." Later the members of the company were J. P. Wilson, C. A. Read, H. C. Wil- son and Frank McMichael. This firm was called the "Express Publishing Company." Still later, David Reams became the pro- prietor, but in a few years was succeeded by D. C. Whitehill, who remained its pub- lisher until 1909. Next A. E. Hasbrook assumed its control, and it is now published as an evening paj^er. ranking high among the independent papers of the state. Though scarcely a newspaper "The En- terprise" published in DuBois about 1875 by P. S. Weber, is of interest in discussing the press of the county. This unique pub- lication consisted mainly of advertisements, and was issued gratis. Needless to say, this experiment did not last long, and was abandoned after three or four issues. The year 1904 marked the birth of an- other daily paper in the iMetropolis of Clearfield county. "The DuBois Morning Journal" made its first appearance at that time, under the supervision of W. J. and N. D. Hines. They are still its publishers, under the firm name of "The DuBois Print- ing and Publishing Company." The "Jour- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 177 nal" has also a Sunday edition. This paper owes its allegiance to the Republican party. In 1881 in the enterprising town of Houtzdale a weekly newspaper was started by the "Observer Publishing Company," under the name of the "Houtzdale Ob- server." After many changes in its man- agement this paper was absorbed by the "Houtzdale Citizen," which is now owned and published by Hon. Harry Boulton and Ralph Richards. The "Citizen" is recog- nized as a loyal Republican weekly. In 1873 a newspaper was started in Os- ceola by George M. Brisbin and his two brothers. This paper was called the "Os- ceola Reveille," and was strictly independ- ent regarding politics. After three years the Brisbin brothers retired, and the "Re- veille" became "The Independent World," managed by O. E. McFadden. Less than a year later its name was changed to the "Campaign World," and then again to the original title — "Reveille," by J. B. McFad- den, who was manager until 1880, when it was discontinued. In 1888 J. B. McFad- den established the "Leader," and, pur- chasing the "Courier" three years later, he gave the paper the name of the "Leader- Courier," which it still retains. Strictlv neutral in politics this paper under Mr. McFadden's editorship has come to fill an indispensable place in the homes of the thrifty and industrious people of the Os- ceola section. Coalport was the fourth town to attempt a county publication. In 1885 G. P. Penne- aker started a small paper, which he called "Coalport Siftings." This proved such a success that Mr. Pennebaker enlarged the paper, changed its name to the "Coalport Standard" and started to publish a first- class weekly. The present publisher of this independent Republican weekly is Ezra Westover, who issues a clean and newsy four-page sheet. Synonymous with the progressive town of Madera is its recently established weekly publication, known as "The Hustler." This paper was founded in 1909 by B. F. Rhine- hart and promises to advance with the steady growth of that busy region. The "Hustler" is classed as a Republican paper. This completes our list of the newspapers of Clearfield county, of which there are now fourteen. Five of these are published daily, and the remainder weekly. Of the total number, seven are Republican, three Dem- ocratic and four Independent. CHAPTER XI THE BENCH OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Clearfield County's Judicial Connection idth Centre County Previous to 1822 — The Act of 1822 Providing for the Holding of Courts in Clearfield County — Pofndation at That Time — Provision for Keeping Prisoners — Sketch of Hon. Charles Huston — Hon. Thomas Burnside, Hon. W. George Woodzvard, Hon. Robert G. White, Hon. John C. Knox, Hon. James T. Hale — The Tzventy-fifth District Formed — Sketch of Hon. James Btimside — Hon. James Gamble — Judge Linn — Hon. Joseph B. McEfwlly — Hon. Charles A. Mayer — Act of i8j4 Proiiding for an Additional Laze Judge — Hon. John H. Orvis Appointed — Clearfield County Created a Separate Judicial District — Hon. David L. Krebs — Hon. Cxrus Gordon — Hon. Allison 0. Smith. Although Clearfield county was organized by an act of the General Assembly approved March 26th, 1804, it was attached to Centre county for judicial purposes by the provisions of said act, and for all such matters it was prac- tically a part of that county, until 1822, despite the fact that by an act approved April 4th, 1803 (Chapter 2598) the Legislature had ap- pointed Commissioners to fix the seat of jus- tice for the county and the same was estab- lished on the lands of Abraham Witmer at Chingleclamouche, and a town laid out and called Clearfield : yet it was not until the 29th of January, 1822, that tlie General Assembly passed a law making the county a part of the Fourth Judicial District and providing that the President Judge of said district should be the President Judge of the Courts of Clearfield county. Said act also provided for the hold- ing of Courts in Clearfield county, commenc- ing on the third Mondays of October, Decem- ber and March and the first Mondays of July in each year, which courts the act wisely pro- vided should each "continue one week if nec- essan,'" and that, in case the public business did not in the opinion of the judges of said court require the summoning of a jury to at- tend all the terms of Court, the Judges might dispense with juries not exceeding two terms in any one year. The act further provided that the first temi of Court should be held "at the Court House now erected in Clearfield town in said county of Clearfield." At this time the county had, according to the last U. S. census, a population of 2342 and a taxable population according to the state census of 1821 of 584. No deaf and dumb persons and no slaves. The act of 1822 also made provision for the transfer to Clearfield county of all ac- tions in which both parties were residents of Clearfield county at the time of the passing of said act, and also for the making of copies of 178 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 176 all docket entries relating to such actions which with all the pleadings therein were trans- ferred to the Prothonotary of Clearfield county from Centre county. It seems there was in 1822 no jail in Clearfield county as the act pro- vides for the keeping of prisoners in the Cen- tre county jail until a jail should be erected in Clearfield. Pursuant to said act of Assembly the first Court was held at Clearfield on the third Mon- day of October, 1822, and was presided over by Hon. Charles Huston. Charles Huston was born in Bucks County, Pa., on the i6th of January, 1771. He re- ceived his education at private schools and at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., from which institution he was graduated in the class of 1789. He taught school to maintain himself while he studied law, and was admitted to the bar in August, 1795. He first located at Wil- liamsport, Pa., but removed to Bellefonte, Pa., in 1807 where he resided and practiced law at the time of his appointment as President Judge of the Courts of the Fourth Judicial District. Judge Huston seiwed as President Judge of the district until 1826 when he was appointed one of the Justices of the Supreme Court of the state and served as such until 1845, when he retired. His death occurred November loth, 1849. Judge Huston was unusually well equipped to fill the important duties of the ju- dicial ofiice. He had the attributes of integ- rity, legal learning, sound understanding, and that habit of thought that enabled him to view the legal questions before him without bias or prejudice. As a judge of the Fourth judicial district he became unusually well versed in the intricacies of the land titles in the state, and after his retirement from the bench he prepared and published a valuable work, en- titled "History and Nature of Original Titles to Land in the Province and State of Penn- sylvania." Hon. Thomas Burnside was appointed in 1826 to succeed Judge Huston. Thomas Burnside was a native of Ireland and was born July 22, 1782. He came to this country in 1782 with his parents and his early youth was spent in Philadelphia. He read law with Hon. Robert Porter of Philadelphia and was ad- mitted to practice in 1804 and shortly there- after he located in Bellefonte, Pa. He took an active interest in politics and in 181 1 was chosen as state senator and in 181 5 was elected to Congress. In 1816 he was appoint- ed President Judge of Luzerne County, but re- signed in t8i8. In 1823 he was again elected to the State Senate. He presided over the Courts of tb.e Fourth Judicial district until 1 84 1, when he was appointed President Judge of the Seventh Judicial district, where he served until 1845, when he was promoted to the Su- preme Court of the state. He died March 25th, 1857. Judge Burnside, while an able jurist and a man of more than ordinary ability in many lines, was noted for his eccentricities, and his fondness for a joke regardless of who might suffer. Hon. George W. Woodward succeeded Judge Burnside and served a full term and was afterwards made Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of the state. He was noted for his extreme courtesy and affability as well as for his legal learning and strict im- partiality. He was firm and final in his decisions upon legal questions, yet because it was always believed that he was strictly just as he recognized justice, he became one of the most popular judges in the state. Judge Woodward served on the Supreme 180 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Court Bench until 1867, wlien he retired by reason of the expiration of his term. He died about 1868. Hon. Robert G. W liite was the next President Judge. Judge White came from Tioga County, Pa., and by reason of a change in the jiub'cial districts that was made by the Legislature, he only served as the Judge of this county for the period of one year. Hon. John C. Knox was the successor of Judge White. He served for a few months, when he was appointed as one of the Judges of the Supreme Court. He also served a term as Attorney Genera! of the State. In the latter years of his life his mind became impaired and he died in an asylum for the insane. Hon. James T. Hale succeeded Judge Knox as President Judge in April, 185 1. Judge Hale was born in Bradford County, Pa.. October 14th, 1810. He was admitted to the Bar in 1832 and located in Bellefonte in 1835. He served as President Judge un- til April, 1853. After his retirement from the bench he practiced law for a number of years, but devoted most of his attention to business pursuits and to the development of the lumber and coal industries in Clear- field and Centre counties and to the build- ing of the Tyrone and Clearfield railroad. He died in April, 1865. By an act of the General Assembly ap- proved April 9th, 1853, P. L. page 355. the counties of Centre, Clearfield and Clinton were erected into a separate judicial district to be called the Twenty-fifth District and the Governor was empowered to appoint a president judge of said district to serve until the first day of the December follow- ing the passage of said act. Governor William Bigler on the 20th of April, 1853, appointed Hon. James Burnside to be the president judge of the new district. All of the judges up to this date had been ap- pointed by the Governors, but by reason of an amendment to the Constitution of the state, which had been submitted to and adopted by the people, all judges afterwards commissioned were elected by tlie voters of the state for terms of ten years in case of Common Pleas judges and fifteen years for judges of the Supreme Court. Judge Burnside was elected at the October elec- tion of 1853 without opposition and pre- sided over the Courts of the twenty-fifth district until his death on July i, 1859, by being thrown from a buggy in a runaway. Judge James Burnside was generally known as Juflge Burnside the younger, to distin- guish him from his father. Judge Thomas Burnside. James Burnside was the eldest son of Thomas Burnside and was born at Belle- fonte, Pa., on February 22nd, 1807. He studied law in his father's office and was ad- mitted to the Bar in November, 1830. In 1844 he was elected to the state Legislature and served two terms, having been re- elected in 1846. He was a man of force and a good legal education and made a fine record as a jurist. During the few months intervening be- tween the death of Judge James Burnside and the election of Judge Linn, Hon. James Gamble presided over the Courts of the twenty-fifth district. He was an able lawyer and worthily filled the important position, but owing to the brief period of his service in this countv, he did not have AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 181 an opportunity to do much toward becom- ing acquainted with its people. At the Octo- ber election of 1859 Samuel I^inn was elected President Judge of the district and served until 1868, when he resigned. Judge Linn was born in February, 1820, and was twenty-four years of age before he commenced to prepare himself for the legal profession. He was admitted to the Bar in 1847 and practiced law in partnership with James T. Hale, until 1851, when Mr. Hale was appointed to the Bench, and Mr. Linn then formed a partnership with W. P. Wilson which continued until Judge Linn's election as president Judge. After his re- tirement from the bench Judge Linn prac- ticed law until his death. Judge Linn tried many important cases in Clearfield county and some of his decisions on the questions of land titles were the foundations of sta- bility that settled disputed lines of boun- daries and interfering surveys that had proven a continual source of annoyance and litigation for years prior thereto. Hon. Joseph B. McEnally was appointed as the successor to Judge Linn in 1868 by the Governor and was the first citizen of Clearfield county to preside over the Courts of the county as president judge. Judge McEnally served until December, 1868, when he was succeeded by Charles A. Mayer, the latter having defeated Judge McEnally at the October election, at which Judge McEnally was the Republican and Charles A. Mayer the Democratic candi- date. The district at that time being strongly democratic McEnally was de- feated, although he polled a large compli- mentary vote. Judge McEnally was born in Lycoming county on January 25th, 1825. He was educated at Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., having been graduated in the class of 1845. He was admitted to the Bar in 1849. Shortly after being admitted to practice he came to Clearfield county and resided there until his death which oc- curred at the ripe old age of eighty-five. Judge McEnally was a man of beautiful character, sterling integrity and as a land lawyer he probably had no equal in Penn- sylvania. Hon. Charles A. Mayer, who succeeded Judge McEnally as president Judge, was born in York Co., Pa., December 15th, 1830. At the age of twenty-three he was admitted to the Bar of Clinton County, Pa. He served as District Attorney of Clinton county for two terms. At the expiration of his term as president judge he was again a candidate and was re-elected in 1878. After Clearfield county became a separate judicial district in 1883 Judge Mayer be- came by virtue of the rearrangement of judicial districts made by the Legislature, the President Judge of the new twenty-fifth district comprising the counties of Clinton, Cameron and Elk, and held that office up to the time of his death. Judge Mayer was one of the best lawyers who ever occupied the bench in this county and his decisions were seldom reversed by the appellate courts. By the act of the General Assemblv ap- proved the 9th day of April, 1874. which was passed to carry out the directions of the new state Constitution the Twenty-fifth Judicial District was entitled to an addi- tional law" judge to be appointed by the Governor to serve until such additional law judge should be elected at the next general 182 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY election. Pursuant to tlie authority con- tained in that act, Governor Hartranft on April loth, 1874, appointed Hon. John H. Orvis to be additional law judge of said district, and at the general election follow- ing he was elected to said office for the full term of ten years. Judge Orvis was born in Sullivan township, Tioga county. Pa., on February 24th, 1835. In February, 1856, he was admitted to the Clinton county Bar, and in December, i86j, he moved to Bellefonte, Pa. Judge Orvis resigned in 1868 and resumed the practice of the law in which he was actively and successfully engaged up to the time of his death. Judge Orvis was possessed of a tine intellect and a wonderfully retentive memory. In the trial of a case he seldom took any notes and yet when he came to charge the jury he could give every important item of testi- mony with exactness from his memory. His ability as a lawyer was very much against his success as a judge. He could grasp the very essence of a case, so much more quickly than the ordinary lawyer, and he was so impatient of technicalities and de- lays, and so an.xious that right should pre- vail, that he sometimes ran afoul of the red tape that hedges in the legal procedure, for the purpose of preventing a too hasty judg- ment, but his career on the bench and as a lawyer reflected great credit upon the pro- fession which he honored. He was partic- ularly kind to young lawyers and it was his delight to aid and assist them wherever he could and as a consequence he made many warm friends among the junior members of the bar. In the year 1883 Clearfield county by virtue of having acquired the necessary population of over 40,000, was in obedience to the Con- stitution created a separate judicial district, and became entitled to elect its own president judge. The first judge to be so elected was Hon. David L. Krebs. who was the Democratic candidate for the office at the November elec- tion of 1883, but was supported by many Re- publicans who believed that the judicial office should be non-partisan. Judge Krebs served a full term of ten years and was a candidate for re-election, but was defeated by Hon. Cyrus Gordon, Republican, after a spirited canvass. David Luther Krebs was bom in Ferguson township, Centre Co., Pa., on Oct. 5th, 1846. In the fall of 1864 he came to Clearfield county and taught school while preparing for the bar with the late Hon. William A. Wallace. About this time his elder brother was drafted to serve in the war of the Rebellion and David offered to take his place, which he did and ser\ed in the 98th Pa. Vols, until mustered out in 1865. In 1867 he returned to Centre Coun- ty and read law with the late Adam Hoy and was admitted to the Centre County bar in 1869 and in June of the same year located in Clear- field, Pa. Upon the appointment by President Grant of the late Hon. H. Bucher Swoope as United States Attorney, in 1870, Judge Krebs in connection with John P. Irvin succeeded to his practice. In 1873 Judge Krebs became a partner with Hon. W. A. Wallace, which part- nership continued up to the time of his election to the bench. Since the expiration of his ju- dicial term Judge Krebs has been engaged in the practice of law at Clearfield and enjoys a large and lucrative practice and is recognized as one of the leading lawyers of the county. Hon. Cyrus Gordon, who succeeded Judge Krebs in January, 1894, served also a full tenn of ten years and was also a candidate for AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 183 re-election, but was defeated by the present in- cumbent of the office, Hon. Alhson O. Smith, after what was probably the most bitter polit- ical contest the county has ever known. Judge Gordon was born December i, 1846, near Hecla Furnace, Centre County, Pa. He was educated at Pennsylvania State College in 1866, studied law at the law school of the Michigan University, and in 1869 was admitted to the bar of Centre County, Pa. In 1870 he removed to Clearfield and began the practice of law. In 1874 he became a partner of Hon. Thomas H. Murray and this connection con- tinued until Judge Gordon's election to the bench. Since 1894 Judge Gordon has been engaged in the practice of law at Clearfield, and also holds the position of general counsel to the Pure Food Department of Pennsylvania. Hon. Allison O. Smith, who succeeded Judge Gordon and who is the present presiding judge of the county, assumed the duties of the office in January, 1894. Judge Smith was born Oc- tober 23rd, 1857, in Montour County, Pa., was educated at the University of Pennsylvania and was admitted to the bar of Philadelphia in June, 1882, and located in Clearfield in Sep- tember of that year. After Judge Gordon was elected to the bench. Judge Smith became a partner of Hon. T. H. Murray and was prac- ticing law in connection with him when elected judge. CHAPTER Xll THE BAR OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY— FORMER MEMBERS Character of the Clearfield County Bar — First Court — First Resident Member of the Bar- Sketches of the Leading Members of the Bar in Former Days. The Bar of Clearfield County ranks high among similar bodies of the legal profession throughout the state. Many of its members have achieved place and fame by their ability and while it may be that occasionally one failed to realize the dignity and high standard of honor required of those who would acquire the true laurels of a real lawyer, yet such members were fortunately the exceptions and the general tone of the lawyers of the county has always been up to the mark of character and integrity called for by the ethics of the profession. Clearfield county was not organized for ju- dicial purposes until 1822 and the first Court in the county was held in October of that year. The first resident of the bar was Josiah W. Smith. Mr. Smith was bom in Philadelphia, but when only about 18 years of age came with his brother Lewis to this county and they set- tled on a farm about two miles below Curwens- ville, since known as the ^enjamin Spackman farm. He read law with Judge Thomas Burn- side of Bellefonte and was admitted to prac- tice in December. 1826, and at the same time was appointed deputy attorney general for Clearfield county, which office was equivalent to that of district attornev. Mr. Smith con- tinued to practice until 1856 when he removed to Philadelphia and resided there until 1862 when he returned to Clearfield and resided there until his death March 22, 1882, at the age of 81. While not distinguished as a trial lawyer Josiah Smith was deeply read in the law and much given to mediation between litigants. He was a man of pure character and an upright and respected citizen. Lewis Smith, the brother of Josiah Smith to whom reference has already been made, read law with Josiah and was admitted to practice about 1830. He was a trial lawyer of considerable ability. Mr. Smith was en- gaged in nearly all the cases brought in the courts of the county during his practice, and was generally successful. He died in 1847. Joseph M. Martin located in Clearfield about 1830 and practiced law until the time of his death, which occurred in 1835. He was a law- yer of ability, but owing to the few years that he was at our bar not much data can be secured regarding him. \\'illiam Christie located in Curwensville about 1826. He was a man of unusual prom- ise and force, but although he had a fine prac- tice and was very popular, he indulged in ex- 184 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 185 cesses which soon ended his career by an un- timely death. James B. Marr located in Clearfield about 1S39, after having read law with James F. Linn Esq. of Lewisburg, Pa., and being ad- mitted to the bar of Union County. He prac- ticed law for several years and was considered as fairly successful. He died a few years after coming here, but the exact date of his death has not been ascertained. Daniel G. Fenton was admitted to the bar about 1830. He came here from New Jer- sey and practiced with indifferent success until 1836, when having become involved in finan- cial difficulties, he sold his property and moved to Iowa, after which no further data about him has been obtained. Elmer S. Dundy read law in Clearfield and was admitted to the bar here, but shortly after- wards removed to Falls City, Nebraska, where he became judge of the United States Court. It is believed that Judge Dundy never practiced law here. Lewis J. Crans came from Philadelphia and located at Curwensville. He read law with Joseph S. Frantz and was admitted to practice here. He had a large practice and was quite successful as a lawyer, but after about seven years from his admission to the bar he removed to Philadelphia and from there to Concordia, Kansas. Isaac G. Gordon came from Union County where he read law with James F. Linn Esq., of Lewisburg, and was admitted to practice in 1843. He first located at Curwensville and subsequently formed a partnership with George R. Barrett, which continued for about three years, when he removed to Brookville, Pa. He became a Judge of the Supreme Court of the state and served a full term. He died at Brookville a few years ago. James Harvey Larrimer was born in Cen- tre County, Pa., read law with Judge James Burnside and was admitted to the bar of Cen- tre Co. about 1853. In 1854 he located in Clearfield and practiced law until 1858, when he became one of the editors and proprietors of the Clearfield Republican, his partner in the enterprise being R. F. Ward, Jr. In i860 Mr. Larrimer retired from the partnership and re- sumed the practice of the law. When the war of the Rebellion broke out he enlisted as a pri- vate but was made first lieutenant of Captain Loraine's Company of the Fifth Pa. Reserves. Subsequently he was promoted to Captain and then to Major and appointed aide on the staff of General Samuel W. Crawford. Major Larrimer was killed in a skirmish with guer- illas near Collett's Station, Va., February 14, 1863. Larrimer Post G. A. R. of Clearfield was named in his honor. Joseph S. Frantz came to Clearfield about 1850 from Kittanning, Armstrong Co., Pa. where he had been admitted to the bar. He remained in Clearfield about four years and then removed to the west, and was lost track of by his Clearfield friends. George Rodden Barrett was born in Cur- wensville on the 31st day of March, in the year 181 5. In the year 183 1 he was appren- ticed to Governor John Bigler, to learn the printer's trade. In 1833 he became editor of the "Brookville Jeffersonian," published at Brookville, Jefferson county, which he contin- ued for two years. He moved to Lewisburg in 1835 and edited the "Lewisburg Democrat." While there he read law with James F. Linn, and was admitted to practice in 1836, and in the same year came to Clearfield. The next year, 1837, he was made deputy attorney-gen- tral for Clearfield and Jefferson counties. Mr. Barrett was elected to the State Legislature in 186 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1840, and re-elected the succeeding year. He served as a member of the judiciary cunimiitee when the law abolishing imprisonment for debt was passed. In 1852 he was chosen as one of the presidential electors. On account of his recognized legal ability he was selected by President Pierce for the purpose of codifying the revenue laws. He was appointed president judge of the Twenty-second Judicial District, comprising the counties of Wayne, Pike, Mon- roe and Carbon, in the year 1853. At the general election in the district in 1855, he was elected to the same position and re-elected in 1865. He resigned in 1869, but was appointed to the same office by Governor Geary, and served one year. In 1872 Barrett returned to Clearfield and resumed the practice of the law, which practice he continued up to 1884, at which time he retired from the active duties of the profession, content to rest upon the well earned honors of nearly half a century. He died, March 9th, 1889. Robert Wallace was a native of Ireland, hav- ing been born in Barony Omagh, County Ty- rone, March 13, 1792. In the year 1819 he emigrated to America and settled in Mifflin County, Pa., where he taught school. He read law with E. Banks Esq. of Lewistown, Pa. and was admitted to the bar in 1824. After practicing a short time in Huntingdon, Pa. he came to Clearfield where he remained about one year and then again located in Hunting- don, but made regular trips to Clearfield to attend to the trial of cases. In 1836 he re- moved from Huntingdon to Clearfield where he remained until 1847, when he moved to HoUidaysburgh, Pa. In 1854 he again located in Clearfield. He died at Wallaceton, Pa., Jan- uary 2, 1875. Thomas J. McCullough was liorn in Pitts- burgh, Pa., July 10, 1828. His father was a Methodist minister and in the year 1840 Thomas came with the family to New Wash- ington. He read law with Hon. G. R. Barrett and was admitted to the bar about 1855. In 1868 and '69 he represented the county in the Legislature and after his ser\'ices in that ca- pacity he engaged in the oil business. Later he opened a law office in Philipsburg, Pa., still residing, however, in Clearfield. He died at Philipsburg, Dec. 27, 1885. William .A. Wallace was born in Hunting- don, Pa. Nov. 27, 1827. He came to Clear- field with his father, Robert Wallace, in 1836. He read law with his father and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield County in September, 1847. Ii^ 1862 he was elected to the State Senate and re-elected in 1865, '68, '71 and '74, serving fifteen consecutive years. In 1871 he was elected Speaker of the Senate. In 1865 he was chaimian of the Democratic State Com- mittee and was re-elected in 1866, '67 and '68 and was again chosen in 1871. In 1875 he was chosen by the Legislature as a United States senator from Pennsylvania. He was for many years a power in the Democratic party, state and national. Mr. Wallace was a fine lawyer and until he gave up active prac- tice to engage in politics and the development of the coal interests of Clearfield county, he was one of the leaders of the bar and was rec- ognized as an opponent worthy of battle by those who contested with him in the Courts. He died in 1896. Joseph Benson McEnally was born January 25th, 1825 and admitted to the bar in 1849 (See sketch of his life in preceding chapter). John F. W'eaver was admitted to the bar in 1844 after having read law with James Burn- side of Bellefonte, Pa. He came to Clearfield AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 189 in 1845. In 1848 he was made deputy attor- ney general for the county and served three years, after which he became interested in the lumber business, which absorbed so much of his time that he gave up the practice of the law and devoted himself to business pursuits until his death. J. Biddle Gordon was born in Reading, Pa., being a son of Judge Gordon of that city. He located in Clearfield in 1853 and practiced law here for a number of years. He became involved by reason of his carelessness in busi- ness matters and being unable to settle his finan- cial affairs, committed cuicide. Henry Bucher Swoope was born in Hunting- don, Pa., in the year 183 1 and was a son of the eminent physician. Doctor William Swoope, of that place. He was educated at the Acad- emia Academy, read law with the late Hon. John Scott of Huntingdon and was admitted to the bar at Huntingdon in 1852. He came to Clearfield in 1853, where he resided and practiced law until 1869, when President Grant appointed him U. S. district attorney for the district of Western Pennsylvania, when he re- moved to Pittsburgh. He was reappointed by President Grant in 1874, and served until his death in February, 1874. H. Bucher Swoope was one of the leading lawyers of Pennsyl- vania and as an advocate had few equals. He was also prominent in politics, having been chairman of the American party when that or- ganization captured the state government and elected Pollock Governor. He was after the formation of the Republican party an active leader therein, a strong supporter of President Lincoln and the war to preserve the Union, organizing and commanding a company of sol- diers to assist in repelling the rebel invasion of Pennsylvania, and using his voice, pen and means at all times for the benefit of the Gov- ernment. Mr. Swoope was the founder and first editor of the Clearfield "Raftsman's Journal," which under his able editorship as- sumed an important place in the newspaper field. He was also the founder and editor in chief of the "Pittsburgh Evening Telegraph," (now the "Chronicle Telegraph"). As a pros- ecuting officer he became celebrated during his incumbency of the office of U. S. Attorney and his name was a terror to evil doers, as the ac- quittal of a defendant in a trial in which Mr. Swoope represented the Government was an almost unheard of event. Yet he was ever willing to aid the repentant criminal and use his influence and efforts to secure him a new chance in life. As a political orator he be- came famous and was one of the most eloquent and brilliant speakers of his time. He was also fond of literary pursuits and delivered many lectures and addresses upon such topics. John H. Fulford was born in Bedford, Pa., Feby. ir. 1838, read law with Fraiik Gordon Esq. of that place and with J. B. McEnally of Clearfield. He was admitted to practice at Clearfield about i860. While reading law he also taught school. He was an active and stanch Republican and took an active part in party affairs. He died at Clearfield, June 27, 1877. John Lever Cuttle was born in Lan- cashire, England, June 22, 1809. He came to America in the year 1823 and located in Clearfield in 1839. He was a machinist and read law in his spare time, with Hon. G. R. Barrett. In 1853 he was admitted to prac- tice. In 1859 he was elected prothonotary and served one term. In 1882 he was elected one of the associate judges of the county and served one term. Prior to his 190 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY admission to the bar. Mr. Cuttle served as attended Dickinson Seminary at Williams- a justice of the peace and as county sur- port, Pa., studied law with J. M. Carlisle veyor. He died 'at Clearfield a number of Esq. of Chambersburg, Pa., and was ad- vears a"^o. mitted to the bar of Franklin County in Robert J. Wallace, a brother of William June, 1S56. He located in Clearfield in A. Wallace, was born in Clearfield and read 1858. Mr. Test was possessed of the pe- law with his brother. He was admitted to culiar faculty of laughing a case out of court practice and served as district attorney of and this sense of humor soon gained him the county. He died about 1857. James Hepburn was born in Philadel- phia and came to Clearfield in 1822, where he was admitted to the bar and practiced law until his death. James Petrikin was one of the older the title of the wag of the bar. Although a man of considerale natural ability, he sel- dom practiced in the civil cases but de- lighted in the trial of criminal cases, where his ready wit stood him in good stead. Feather Test was very popular with the peo- lawyers but no data is obtainable in regard pie and with the members of the bar. He ^Q him. died at Clearfield, Pa., August 12, 1886. Samuel M. Green came to Clearfield from William M. IMcCuUough, a brother of Centre county in October, 1822, and was Thomas J. McCullough, was born in Beaver admitted to the bar on that date. He was County, Pa., October i, 1837, and came to appointed deputy attorney-general for the Clearfield county in 1840. At an early age county and remained here a number of he entered the office of Hon. FI. B. Swoope, years. Subsequent to his removal from who instructed him in the necessary ele- this county he lived in Bellefonte, Pa., but ments of education as well as in the law. went- west and was lost trace of by his for- He was admitted to the bar in 1859. was mer associates. twice chosen district attorney of the county Frederick O'Leary Buck was born in and as a criminal lawyer he stood high. Mr. England. Mr. Buck practiced law in Clear- McCullough died at Thomasville. Ga.. Jan- field a short time in connection with William uary 26, 1884. McCullough. He went west and died a Walter Barrett was born in Clearfield, year or two ago. Joseph F. McKenrick was born in Adams County, Pa., May 9, 1845. He came to Clearfield in 1865, read law with Hon. Will- August 2. 1839, and was educated at the public schools and the University of Penn- sylvania. In the year 1853 he was appointed a midshipman in the V. S. Navy. He read iani A. Wallace and was admitted to prac- law with his father. Hon. G. R. Barrett, and tice June 24. 1878. In 1879 he was elected district attorney and was re-elected in 1882. Some years ago he removed to Ebensburg. Pa., where he now resides. Israel Test was bom in Philipsburg, Cen- tre county, Pa., September 28. 183 1. He was admitted to the bar in 1859. At the breaking out of the war of the Rebellion, Mr. Barrett was appointed major of the Eighty-fourth Pennsylvania Volunteers and commanded the regiment after the death of Colonel William G. Murray at the battle of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 191 Winchester. At the battle of Fort Repub- lic he was made Lieutenant Colonel. At Cloud's Mills Colonel Barrett was injured by his horse falling on him at the time of the giving way of a bridge. He then re- signed from the army and in 1862 he re- turned home and resumed the practice of law in partnership with his father. Colonel Barrett died at Clearfield, Pa., in 1906. William D. Bigler was born in Clearfield, Pa., September 17, 1841. He was educated at the West Jersey Academy at Bridgton, N. J., and at Princeton College. He read law with William A. Wallace and was ad- mitted to. the bar in 1866 and afterwards en- tered into partnership with Mr. Wallace and Frank Fielding under the firm name of Wallace, Bigler and Fielding, and after- wards was a member of the firm of Field- ing, Bigler and Wilson. In later years Mr. Bigler gave up the active practice of the law and devoted himself to business inter- ests. He died at Clearfield, Pa., April 9, 1907. Daniel W. McCurdy was born in Charles- ton township, Chester county. Pa., August 30, 1841. He was educated at Freeland Seminary, Montgomery county, Pa., and at Dickinson College from which latter insti- tution he was graduated in 1862. He then taught school in Luzerne County about two years, when he came to Clearfield and taught in the old Academy for several years. In 1865 he entered the office of J. B. Mc- Enally as a law student. He was admitted to the bar in 1868 and in 1872 entered into partnership with Judge McEnally. Mr. McCurdy died on the 14th of February, 1903. Alonzo A. Adams was born in Boggs township, Clearfield county, Pa., December 3, 1847. He read law with Hon. H. Bucher Swoope and was admitted to the bar in June, 1869. Mr. Adams died about 1879. William C. Arnold was born in Luthers- burg. Clearfield county. Pa., July 15, 1851. He was educated at Millersville State Nor- male School and at Phillips Academy at An- dover, Mass. He read law with Hon. J. B. McEnally and was admitted to the bar in May, 1878. He located at Curwensville. In 1896 he was the Republican candidate for Congress in the 28th District and was elected and was re-elected for the following term. He also served his party as Chair- man of the Republican County Committee for several years. About the year 1892 Mr. Arnold located in DuBois where he resided and practiced law until his death, which occurred in 1906. W. C. Arnold was a lawyer erf ability, and stood well in his pro- fession. He was a man of fine presence and agreeable personality. As a public speaker he was at his best on the political platform and took an active part in the various cam- paigns from 1878 to the time of his death. Alonzo P. MacLeod was born in Clear- field May 29, 1861. He attended the Le- high University at Bethlehem, Pa., and the Columbia Law School at New York. Mr. MacLeod read law with Walter Barrett and was admitted to the bar in May, 1884. He first practiced at Coalport, Pa., and after- wards removed to Altoona, Pa., where he died about 1907. Alfred A. Graham was born at Clearfield, February 3, 1845. He read law with Will- iam A. Wallace and after his admission to practice formed a partnership with W^illiam M. McCullough. A few years prior to his 192 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY death he removed to DuBois where he died on the 23rd of February, 1880. William Irvin Shaw was born at Clear- field March 20. i860, was educated at the pulilic schools and at Yale L'niversity, read law with Murray & Gordon and was ad- mitted to the bar in June, 1882. After his admission to practice Mr. Shaw located at Houtzdale and remained there until his ap- pointment as United States Consul at Bar- ranquilla. South America. Mr. Shaw was an active Republican and served as County Chairman for a number of years. He died in December, 1900. Joseph W. Parker was a native of Mifflin county, Pa., and was admitted to the bar of that county. About 1882 he came to Clear- field and practiced law here for a few years, but was more interested in politics. After his return to Mifflin county he resumed practice in that county and died th(?re a few years ago. George D. Hamor was born in Freeport, Armstrong county, Pa., June 21, 1855. He was admitted to the bar of Butler county in 1876 and practiced there until 1880 when he came to this county, locating in DuBois. He was admitted to the Clearfield county bar in March, 1880. Mr. Hamor remained in the county a few years and then moved to New Kensington, Pa. Truman Ames was born in Antioch, Lake county, 111., June 25, 1851. He read law with Hall & Ames of St. Mary's, Elk county. Pa., and with H, T. Ames Esq. of Williams- port, Pa., and was admitted to the bar of Lycoming county in May, 1880, and located in DuBois in February, 1881. George W. Easton was born in Clinton county. Pa., ]\Iay 16, i860. He read law with Wallace & Krebs and was admitted to the liar in June, 1883. Mr. Faston left Clearfield county shortly after his admission to practice. CHAPTER XIII CLEARFIELD COUNTY BAR— PRESENT MEMBERS Brief Biographical Notices of the Present Members of the Clearfield County Bar. Frank Fielding was born at Slippery afterward compelled to leave on account of a Rock, Butler county. Pa. He was educated severe illness. From this time until 1864 at Saint Francis College, at Loretto, Pa., he remained at home, teaching school and and at Saint Vincent's at Latrobe, Pa., but working on the farm, when he returned to was not a graduate from either. He re- the seminary. During his course of study ceived further instruction from Rev. W. T. at the college Mr. Murray read law under Hamilton, of Mobile, Ala., while the rever- the direction of Robert Fleming, Esq. He end professor was in the Northern States, graduated in 1867. In the month of May, Mr. Fielding studied law with Hon. Wm. 1868, he entered the office of H. B. Swoope, P. Hill, at Marshall, Texas; continued his Esq., at Clearfield, where he completed his course with John N. Thompson, of Butler, course, and was admitted to the bar in May, Pa., and finished in the office of Hon. James 1869. The firm of Murray & O'Laughlin Bredin, of Butler, now of Pittsburg, Pa. In of which Thomas H. Murray is a member, 1864, Mr. Fielding came to Clearfield to was formed a few years ago . practice. He became a member of the law David S. Herron was born in Center firm of Wallace, Bigler & Fielding. The township, Indiana county, Pa., April 24, firm was afterward changed to Wallace & 1844. He received an academic education, Fielding, and still later to Fielding, Bigler and afterward entered the Ohio University, & Wilson. Of late years, however, Mr. at Athens, O., from which he graduated Fielding has practiced without a partner, with the class of 1866: read law with Hugh He was elected to the office of District At- W. Weir, Esq., at Indiana, for two years, torney and served one term. and was admitted to practice at the Indiana Thomas Holt Murray was born in Girard county bar in June, 1868. He then located township, Clearfield county, on the 5th day in Clarion county and practiced until 1876, of April, 1845. His early education was at which time he embarked in the mercan- somewhat limited, being confined to such tile and oil business. In 1883 he came to branches as were taught at the "country DuBois, Clearfield county, and resumed the schools." In 1862 he entered Dickinson practice of his profession. In 1874 Mr. Her- Seminary at Williamsport, but was soon ron was admitted to practice in the Su- 193 194 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY preme Court of Pennsylvania, and in the year following was admitted to practice in the District and Circuit Courts of the United States. Since 1874 Mr. Herron has held the office of United States Commis- sioner for the Western District of Penn- sylvania. David Luther Krebs, born October 5, 1846. (See ante, Bench of the county.) Hurxthal W. Smith was born in Clear- field county and was a son of Josiah W. Smith, one of the pioneer lawyers of the county. H. W. Smith read law^ in the of- fice of Hon. William A. \Vallace, and was admitted to the bar in 1869. Cyrus Gordon was born December i, 1846, near Hecla Furnace, Centre County, Pa. (See Ante Bench of the County.) Aaron G. Kramer was born in Centre county, August 10, 1844. He came to Clearfield in the spring of 1866, and entered the office of Israel Test, Esq., as a student at law; was admitted to the bar of Clear- field county in September, 1871, and has since practiced in the county. In the fall of 1886, Mr. Kramer was elected member of Assembly to represent Clearfield county. Harry Frank Wallace was born August 8, 1852, in Clearfield borough. He was edu- cated at Lawrenceville, N. J., entering school there in 1867 and graduated in 1869; entered Princeton College in 1869 and grad- uated with the class of '~2)- He then re- turned home and read law in the office of W^allace & Krebs until 1875; then entered Harvard Law School and attended lectures one year; was admitted to the Clearfield bar in 1876. Mr. Wallace then a member of the firm of Wallace & Krebs, and so continued until the election of Mr. Krebs to the ofifice of president judge. The firm then became Wallace Bros., Harry F. and William E. Wallace constituting the firm. William E. Wallace was born in Clear- field, February 24, 1855. After attending the common schools at Clearfield he entered Lawrenceville High School, from which he graduated in 1873; attended Harvard Law School two years ; read law with Wallace & Krebs three years, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1876. Mr. Wallace is now one of the members of the law firm of Wallace Bros., successors to ^^'allace & Krebs. Oscar Mitchell is a native of Lawrence township, born February 28, 1849. He was educated at the State Normal School at Millersville, Lancaster county, Pa., but did not graduate from there. In 1874 he com- menced the study of law with Frank Field- ing, Esq., and was admitted to the Clear- field bar in June, 1876. Smith Van Valzah Wilson was born in Clearfield, November 21, 1853. He at- tended the Clearfield school and afterwards took a two years' preparatory course at LawTenceville High School. From there he returned home and read law with Hon. William A. \\'allace nearly a year, when he concluded to attend college. In the fall of 187 1 he entered Lehigh University for the regular classical course, and graduated in 1874. Mr. Wilson then resumed his law studies with Senator Wallace, and was ad- mitted to the bar in March. 1877. Smith V. Wilson was elected district attorney in No- vember, 1885. and served one term. Frank Graham Harris was born in Kar- thaus township, this county, November 6, 1845. In the month of September. 1876, he commenced the study of law in the ofifice AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 195 of Murray & Gordon, Esqs., and continued until 1879, when on June 14th of that year he was admitted to the Clearfield bar. He was elected Representative in the State Legislature and served two terms. He was elected State Treasurer on the Re- publican ticket in 1901 and served one term. William H. Patterson was born near War- rior's Mark, Huntingdon county. Pa., No- vember 14, 1851, read law with H. M. Bald- ridge, Esq., of Hollidaysburg, Blair county. and was admitted to the bar in April, 1878. Mr. Patterson came to Houtzdale, Clear- field county, in May, 1878, and has since practiced law at that place. A/lso at Clear- field and DuBois in connection with James Gleason, under the firm name of Patterson & Gleason. Roland D. Swoope, eldest son of Hon. H. Bucher Swoope, was born in Curwens- ville, Pa., August 26, 1856. He was edu- cated at the Clearfield Academy, Hill School, Pottstown, Pa., Phillips Academy, at Andover, Mass., and at the Western Uni- versity, Pittsburg, Pa., read law in the of- fice of Murray & Gordon, Esqs., at Clear- field, and was admitted to the bar Septem- ber, 1878. Mr. Swoope w'as chairman of the Republican County Committee for a number of years. \\'illiam A. Chase was born in Knox township, Clearfield county, July 24, 1847, was educated at the University of Michi- gan, at Ann Arbor, and graduated with the class of 1877, and admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of Michigan in March, 1877. Mr. Chase was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county in 1879. and com- menced practice at Houtzdale, where he re- mained till 1886. He then moved to Jef- fries, this county, and later to Clearfield. John Franklin Snyder was born in Clear- field borough, June 2^, 1855. He was edu- cated at the common schools and at the Leonard Graded School of Clearfield, and when not at school worked with his father, Henry E. Snyder, in a blacksmith shop. In 1876 he graduated from school and then resumed his place in the shop. He entered the law office of Hon. Augustus Landis, at Holidaysburg, Blair county, and studied law until 1878, when he w^as admitted to the bar. Mr. Snyder practiced alone until Jan- uary I, 1884, when he associated with Hon. John H. Orvis, and established an office at Clearfield under the firm name and style of Orvis & Snyder. After the death of Judge Orvis, Mr. Snyder removed to New York City where he now resides. W^illiam Alexander Hagerty was born in Glen Hope, this county, January 22, 1857. He attended the Free School at Lumber City, the academy and Leonard Graded School at Clearfield, and the Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, Pa. He read law in the office of McEnally & McCurdy, and, after a course of study for three years was admitted to the bar in 1879. Arthur LeRoy Cole was born in Potter county. Pa., December 24, 1857, read law with Olmsted & Larrabee, Esqs., at Couders- port. Potter county, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1881. Mr. Cole located at DuBois in October, 1881. Allison O. Smith, born October 23, 1857, in Montour county. Pa. (See Ante Bench of Clearfield county.) W. Clarence Pentz was born in Brady township, Clearfield county. May 9, 1858; 196 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY read law with Frank Fielding, Esq., of Clearfield, and was admitted to the bar in September, 1S82. Mr. Pentz began prac- tice at DuBois, August 15, 1883. Martin Luther McQuown was born in In- diana county, January 18, 1852; read law in the office of Murray & Gordon, Esqs., of Clearfield, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1883. Mr. McQuown was elected county superintendent in 1878, and re- elected in 1881. He was chosen chairman of the Republican County Committee in 1886, and is now editor of the Raftsman's Journal of Clearfield, Pa., and was elected State Senator in 1895 and served four years. James Horton Kelley was born in Bell town- ship, Clearfield county, October 4, 1852. He attended the Dayton Union Academy in Arm- strong county, and the Tuscarora Academy in Juniata county ; read law in the office of Wal- lace & Fielding, and afterward with Frank Fielding, Esq., and was admitted to the bar in Januar}', 1884. Mr. Kelley is the present Dis- trict Attorney of the County. Singleton Bell, a grandson of the first white male child born in the county, was born in Ferguson township, February 12, 1862; read law in the oftice of Wallace & Krebs, and was admitted to the bar in January, 1884. Mr. Bell is senior member of the firm of Bell & Hartswick. Aniericus Hodge Woodward, bom in Lu- zerne county, Pa., May i, 1859; graduated from the State Normal School at Millersburg in July, 1878; entered the University of Mich- igan in 1881, and graduated in 1882; read law in 1882 in the office of McEnally & McCurdy, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1883. Mr. Woodward served two terms as District Attorney. George W. Zeigler, was born at Markles- burg, Huntingdon county. Pa., August 23, 1861; read law with George B. Orlady, Esq, and B. G. Zeigler, Esq., and was admitted to the bar of Huntingdon county April, 1883. In 1884 he was admitted to the Clearfield bar. After three months at Clearfield he removed to Houtzdale, where he practiced a number of years. He is at present located at Philipsburg, Pa. George M. Bilger was born at Curwensville, Clearfield county, September 15, 1861 ; was entered as a law student with William C. Ar- nold, Esq., of CurwensNalle, in 1883, while attending Dickinson College, Carlisle, Pa., and was admitted to the bar of the county March 22. 1886. William I. Swoope was born in Clearfield in 1862; educated at Phillips Academy, Andover, Mass., and at Harvard University, Cambridge, Mass. He read law in the office of Roland D. SLwoope, Esq., and was admitted to the bar at Clearfield in December, 1886. He was twice elected District Attorney of the County. Alexander Patterson was born in Airdire, Scotland, December 19, 1857; came to this country in 1874; entered the office of McEn- ally & McCurdy in 1884, and was admitted to practice in 1887. Howard B. Hartswick was bom at Clear- field, Pa., on the 14th day of August, 1865. lie read law with Murray & Gordon and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county Sep- tember 5, 1887. He is a member of the firm of Bell & Hartswick. William Clark Miller was born in Centre county on September 28th. 1864, was educated at the common schools of Unionville, Centre county, and the Lock Haven State Normal School. Read law with McEnally & McCurdy AND REPRESENTATR'E CITIZENS 197 and was admitted to the bar January 14, 1889. Mr. Miller served as County solicitor for seven years and is at present Referee in Bankruptcy. George M. Fulford was born at Clearfield, Pa., on the 2d day of January, 1870, and was admitted to the bar May 25th, 1891. Benjamin F. Chase was born in Woodward township, Clearfield county, February i, 1869. He was educated at the public schools, Clear- field High School and at the Law School of Michigan University, and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county September 28, 1891. George R. Bigler was born at Clearfield, Pa. He was educated at the public schools; read law with his father, W. D. Bigler, and was ad- mitted to the bar of Clearfield county. May 24, 1893. Frederick G. Betts was born at Clearfield, Pa. He was educated at the public schools and at Princeton, and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county August 2-j. 1892. Alfred M. Liveright was born at Philadel- phia, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county November 8, 1894. Mr. Liveright is at present County Solicitor and a member of the firm of Krebs & Liveright. Harry Byers was bom in Bell township on February 21, 1865. He was educated at the public schools and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county December 8, 1896. John M. Urey was bom August 2y. 1870, in Banks township, Indiana county. Pa. He graduated from the State Normal School at Indiana, Pa., in the class of 1891, and was val- edictorian of his class. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county Septeml)er 7, 1896. 1896. Hazard A. Murray was born at Clearfield, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on September 5, 1899, and is a inem- ber of the firm of Murray & O'Laughlin. James P. O'Laughlin was born at Renovo, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on September 20, 1900, and is a mem- ber of the firm of Murray & O'Laughlin. Leno W. Edwards was born at Smith's Mills, Clearfield county. Pa., and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on July i, 1901. John W. McCracken was born in Ferguson township, Clearfield county, Pa., September 17. 1873. He was educated in the public schools, at Bucknell University from which institution he graduated with the class of 1902, received the Degree of Bachelor of Arts. He took a post graduate course and received the Degree of Master of Arts in 1903. After graduation he was a teacher in the University Law Department. He read law with E. F. Bower, Esq., at Lewisburg, Pa., and was ad- mitted to the bar of Clearfield county on the 14th day of November, 1904. J. K. Horton was admitted to the bar No- vember 28, 1904: practiced a short time at Clearfield, Pa., and is now located at Philips- burg, Pa. \Valter Welch was born at Plymouth, Pa., March 7, 1875. He read law with Murray & O'Laughlin and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county, April 5, 1907. John C. Forsyth was born at Houtzdale, Pa., May 31, 1885. He was educated in the pub- lic schools and at Dickinson Law School and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county, September, 1909. He is at present Republi- can County chairman. A. R. Chase was born in Boggs township, Clearfield county. April 2, 1883. He was edu- cated in the common schools and at Dickinson 198 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Law School. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county September 14, 1909. Harr>' Boulton was born in West Hartle Pool, England, October 2, 1872. He was ed- ucated at the public schools and was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county September 6, 1894. Mr. Boulton served two terms in the Legislature as one of the Representatives of Clearfield county, also as Chairman of the Re- publican County Committee for several years. Mr. Boulton resides at Houtzdale, Pa.; and is a member of the firm of Gordon & Boulton. John B. McGrath was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on December 4, 1899. Mr. McGrath resides at Houtzdale, Pa. Frank Hutton was born in Burnside town- ship, Clearfield county, December 26, 1862. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield coun- ty on February 2, 1891. Mr. Hutton resides in DuBois, Pa. George A. Lukehart was bom in Indiana county. Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county in 1890. Mr. Lukehart re- sides in DuBois, Pa. Herbert A. Moore was bom at Luthers- burg. Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county February 23, 1891. Mr. Moore resides in DuBois, Pa. Fred R. Scofield was born in Huston town- ship, Clearfield county. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on September 3, 1894. Mr. Scofield resides at DuBois, Pa. Mr. Scofield served two temis in the State Legislature. Louis E. Boyer was born at DuBois, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield coun- ty November 6, 1899. Mr. Boyer resides at DuBois, Pa. W. L. Calkins was admitted to the bar of Clearfield! county September 27, 1904. Mr. Calkins resides at DuBois, Pa., and is a mem- ber of the firm of Pentz & Calkins. James A. Gleason was bom at Houtz- dale, Pa. He was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county on September 6, 1897. Mr. Gleason resides at DuBois, Pa., and is a member of the firm of Patterson & Gleason. Earl G. Boose was born in Union township, Clearfield county, March 10, 1878. He was educated in the public schools, and read law witli D. S. Herron and S. V. Wilson, Esqs. ; was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county, Febmar}' 5, 1908. Mr. Boose practices at DuBois, Pa. CHAPTER XIV THE MEDICAL PROFESSION Early Physicians of the County — Registration Law of 1881 — Alphabetical List of Physicians who have Registered in the County from 1881 to the Present Time, with Biographical Mention. A great deal of mention and romance en- Troy, N. Y., came to Curwensville. Five shrouds the name of the first physician of years later a terrible epidemic of dysentery Clearfield County, so that it is impossible broke out in the county, and Dr. Alexander to obtain any facts concerning his life. McLeod, of Philipsburg, came to the aid This much is known, that Dr. Samuel of Dr. Hoyt. Together these two physi- Colman came to this county from Williams- cians struggled against the terrible disease, port in 1 80S, and cleared a farm near that which was wiping out whole families and of his friend, Joseph Boone, in what is now prostrating hundreds. During the time the Penn Township. He did not practice medi- epidemic raged Dr. Hoyt and Dr. McLeod cine regularly, only giving his services when they were greatly needed. Dr. Colman named his farm "Grampian Hills," because of the resemblance his land were in their saddles night and day travel- ling over the entire county to give what re- lief they could. Dr. Hoyt died March i, 1885. In 1843 bore to the far-famed Grampian Hills of Dr. McLeod resigned from his profession Scotland. This name has since become as- sociated with that entire neighborhood and the thriving terminus of the Tyrone and Clearfield Railroad is now called Grampian. Although Dr. Colman never mentioned his early life, it was generally supposed that he was the son of an English nobleman. and entered the ministry of the Protestant Episcopal Church. He died at Meadville, Pa. in 1877. Dr. A. T. Schryver, a native of Oswego county, N. Y., was the next physician to come into the county. He came to Clear- field in 1826, but did not practice medicine His superior education and apparent means until 1830. He was elected superintendent were the only grounds for this supposition, of the common schools at the first election Dr. Colman died in 1819, at the early age for that position held in the county. Dr. of forty. He never married and his name Schryver also practiced medicine at Glen and secret died with him. Hope. In 1819, Dr. John P. Hoyt, a native of Dr. Henry Lorain located as a physician 199 200 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in Philipsburg in 1825. He did not confine his practice to that neighborhood, driving into tliis county very often. In 1835 lie came to Cleartielil, where he lived until the time of his death, March 3, 1859. Dr. Lo- rain possessed unusual opportunities for the study of his profession and used them to the best advantage. He was quick to decide and act and let nothing interfere with the pursuance of his practice. Dr. Lewis Iddings came to Curwensville in 1827, but mo\ed away after a few years. Dr. Perdue located at Clearfield in 1834. but remained there only a few years. Dr. Henry Houty practiced in Curwens- ville and Clearfield for a short time between 1837-47- Dr. Matthew Woods, a native of Penn's Valley, came to Curwensville in 1844. Twelve years later he moved to Clearfield, where he practiced ten years. In 1866 he went to Mercer, Pa., where he remained until his death, December 16, 1868. Dr. William P. Hills, a native of Pratts- burg, practiced medicine in Clearfield from 1846 to 1852, then went West, where he died June, 1885. Dr. John C. Richards located in Curwens- ville in 1846, where he practiced five years. Later he practiced in Bloomington, Glen Hope and Philipsburg. Dr. James Irvin, a native of Centre county, practiced medicine in Curwensville in 1847-8. Dr. R. V. Wilson, a native of Centre county, came to Curwensville in 1850. Soon after he moved to Clearfield where he lived the rest of his life. He was very well known as an intelligent and successful physician, and was often called in consul- tation with eminent doctors. He died Feb- ruary 13, 1878. Dr. Thomas R. Blandy, a native of Dela- ware, began to practice medicine in Osceola about 1851. He practiced throughout that region until 1881, when he moved to Hunt- ingdon, Pa. He died at that place April 21, 1885. Dr. Blandy -was held in the highest esteem by all who knew him. Dr. Hardman Thompson, a native of Clearfield, came to Curwensville in 1851, licre he had a large practice and became a prominent citizen. He died September 19, 1866. Dr. G. W. Caldwell began the practice of medicine at Beccaria Mills in 185 1. He afterwards moved to Glen Hope, where he died October 5, 1885. Dr. Caldwell's prac- tice extended over a very large area, and he is well remembered in that part of the county. Dr. Thomas J. Boyer, a native of Bern- ville. Pa., came to Luthersburg in 1853, where he practiced for fifteen years. He then moved to Clearfield where he remained until the time of his death October 23, 1882. Dr. Boyer was well known in political cir- cles, and represented this district both in the House of Representatives and in the State Senate. Dr. D. O. Crouch, a native of Washing- ton county. Pa., practiced medicine at Luthersburg in 1855-6. He moved to Cur- wensville, where he practiced until the time of his death, December 26, 1880. During the epidemic of diphtheria, which ravaged the town of Curwensville just before his death, Dr. Crouch was untiring in his strug- gle against the terrible disease, and his own death was the result of his labors. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 201 Dr. D. A. Fetzer, a native of Clarion county, Pa., began to practice medicine in Lumber City in 1855. He continued to practice in that town until the time of his death October 20, 1903. Dr. Fetzer was a very successful physician, and his opinion at consultations was frequently sought and highly respected. Although a man of great culture and considerable wealth. Dr. Fetzer chose the hard life of a country doctor. At the time of his death he was president of the Curwensville National Bank. In 1864 the Clearfield County Medical Society was organized, in connection with the State Medical Society, and the Ameri- can Medical Association. Its Constitution states that "The objects of this society shall be the advancement of medical knowl- edge, the elevation of professional char- acter, the protection of the professional in- terests of its members, the extension of the bounds of medical science, and the promo- tion of all measures adapted to the relief of suffering, the improvement of the health, and the protection of the lives of the com- munity. This society recognizes as binding upon its members the code of medical eth- ics as established by the American Medical Association." By a law passed in 1881, physicians wish- ing to practice their profession in this county must register their name, place of nativity, place of residence, places of prac- tice, and the name of the college or univer- sity which conferred their degree. Below is given an alphabetical list of all physicians who were residents of the county, or who practiced in the county, who have registered from 1881 to the present time. Owing to the fact that many residents of the county who registered, never practiced, and that others have retired or are deceased, it is impossible to obtain a correct list 01 the present practicing physicians of Clear- field county. Where information could be obtainedit has been added to the data given in the register. Below is also given a copy of an affidavit found in the medical register, which may be of interest. ALPH.\BETICAL LIST OF DOCTORS. Ackley, B. F., a native of Juniata County, Pa., place of residence, DuBois; attended lec- tures at Pennsylvania College, 1859-60, and JefTerson Medical College, 1862-3. Ake, N. F. K., a native of Reynoldsville. Jefferson County, Pa., place of residence, Cur- wensville, Pa., place of practice, Curwens- ville; degree M. D., conferred by the Medico Chirurgical College, May 18, 1897. Andrews, Warren W., a native of Lewis- burg, Pa., place of residence, Peale; place of practice, Peale; degree M. D. conferred by the University of Pennsylvania, May 2, 1888. Avery, James W., a native of Delaware, Ohio; place of residence, DuBois; attended Miami Medical College, Cincinnati, Ohio. Bailey, S. D., a native of Clearfield County; place of residence and practice, Clearfield; De- gree M. D. conferred by the Jefferson Medical College, March 27, 1884. Baird, J. A., a native of Houtzdale; place of residence, Houtzdale; places of practice. Sax- ton, Bedford County, Pa., and Houtzdale; de- gree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, Md., March 6, 1878. Balliet, L. D., a native of Milton, Pa., place of residence, DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred 202 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY by Hahnemann Medical College, March lo, 1880. Barnfield, J. H., a native of Jersey Shore, Pa.; place of residence, Irvona; degree M. D., conferred by Jefferson Medical College, April ,2, 1886. Bancroft, A. A., a native of Poltage, Ohio; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice, Pittsburg, Scranton and DuBois; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Hahnemann Medical College 1869. Belcher, E. C, a native of Newark Valley, N. Y. ; place of residence, Morrisdale Mines; places of practice, Newark Valley, English Centre, Pa., Kylertown, Peale and Morrisdale Mines; degree M. D. conferred by the Cincin- nati College of Medicine, February 26, 1877. Bell, J. Finlay, a native of Aaronsburg, Pa. ; place of residence, Osceola; places of practice, Glen Hope and Osceola; degree M. D. con- ferred by the University of the city of New York March 13. 1873. Bennett, Ash D., a native of Linden, Lyco- ming county. Pa. ; place of residence. New Washington; degree M. D. conferred by the Pennsylvania Medical College, March 20, i860. Deceased. Bennett, Francis G., a native of New Wash- ington, Pa. ; place of residence, Clearfield ; place of practice, Clearfield; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College, April 3. 1889. Bershad, Leonard, a native of Philadelphia, Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice, Philadelphia and DilBois; degree M. D. and surgery conferred by the Jefferson Medical College 1904. Blair, H. A., a native of Bellefonte. Pa. ; place of residence, Curwensville ; place of prac- tice, Curwensville; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by the University of Pennsylvania June 15, 1906. Degree B. S. conferred by State College June 15, 1902. Blockwell, Eunock, a native of Pennington, N. J. ; residence, Morrisdale, Pa. ; degree M. D. conferred by the Medico Chisurgical Col- lege, June 23, 1903. Bollinger, William E., a native of Hunting- don county. Pa. ; place of residence, Coalport ; places of practice, Cawper, Kansas, Mt. Ver- non, Pa., and Coalport; degree M. D. con- ferred by the Baltimore Medical College, March 8, 1886. Boyer, T. J., Jr., a native of Brady Town- ship ; place of residence, Jeannette, Pa. ; places of practice, Madera, Pittsburg and Jeannette; degree M. D. conferred by the Baltimore Med- ical College, March 8, 1886. Boyles, Robert M., a native of Clarion county, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Reynoldsville and DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Cleveland Medical Col- lege, Februarj' 4, 1869, and Western Reserve College, March 15, 1882. Brotherlin. H. H., a native of Hollidays- burg. Pa. ; place of residence, Hollidaysburg; places of practice, Curwensville and Hollidays- burg; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College, April 2, 1883. Brockbank, John I., a native of Elk county. Pa. ; place of residence, Luthersburg ; degree M. D. conferred by the Baltimore University School of ^ledicine March 4, 1886. Bucke. Hiram A., a native of Ver- mont; place of residence, Winterberne; de- gree M. D. conferred by the Albany Med- ical College Bullock, J. O., a native of Columbia, Brad- ford county. Pa.; place of residence, Peale; places of practice. Canton, Mclntyre and AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 203 Peale; degree M. D. conferred by University of City of New York March, 1872. Bunn, J. McGirk, a native of Shippensburg, Pa. ; place of residence, Altoona ; places of practice, New Washington and Altoona; at- tended lectures at Jefferson Medical College, 1846. Deceased. Burchfield, James P., a native of Pennsyl- vania Furnace, Pa. ; place of residence, Clear- field; places of practice, Philipsburg, U. S. Anny and Clearfield ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Michigan March 26, 1862. Deceased. Burchfield, Samuel E., a native of Alle- gheny county. Pa. ; places of practice, Latrobe and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by Homeopathic Medical Department of Univer- sity of Michigan June 30, 1881. Burkhard, S. P., a native of Blair county. Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of pra;:tice, Altoona, Philipsburg and DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical College 1859, and University of Pa. 1872. Burdick, W. P., a native of Sirleyburg, Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Vermont. Buzard, A. M., a native of Westmoreland county. Pa. ; place of residence, Irvona ; degree M. D. conferred by ^^'estern Pennsylvania Medical College March 26, 1891. Calhoun, Grier O., a native of Armstrong county. Pa. ; place of residence, given as Ma- dera; degree M. D. conferred by Baltimore Medical College. Carlin, Robert G.. a native of Petrolia, Pa.; place of residence, Houtzdale ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College 1902, and degree Ph. B. conferred by Grove City College 1898. Chaapel, Victor P., a native of Leroy, Pa.; place of residence, Irvone; degree M. D. con- ferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April, 1892. Cherry, Emil T., a native of Altoona, Pa.; place of residence, given as Madera; places of practice, Indianapolis, Ind., Ansonville, Ma- dera; degree M. D. conferred by Medical Col- lege of Indiana, February 28, 1884. Clerk, Frank G., a native of Scotland; place of residence, Houtzdale; attended University of Edinborough, Scotland. Coe, B. F., a native of Gilleth, Pa.; place of residence, Gazzam; place of practice, Gazzam; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physi- cians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 18, 1895. Cohen, Morris S., a native of London, Eng- land; place of residence, Karthaus Township; degree M. D. conferred by the Jefferson Med- ical College March 12, 1881. Cole, Webster W., a native of Allegheny county, N. Y. ; place of residence, Sabula; place of practice, Sabula. Collins, Howard A., a native of Williams- port, Pa.; place of residence, Wallaceton; place of practice, Wallaceton ; degree M. D. conferred by the Jefferson Medical College May 15, 1896. Coltman, Robert J., a native of Washing- ton, D. C. ; place of residence, Houtzdale ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 12, 1881. Corey, Horace M., a native of Tioga county, N. Y. ; place of residence, Peale ; places of practice, Sayre, Pa., Waverly, N. Y., Pine City, N. Y. and Peale ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Michigan March 27, 1878. Cowdrick, Arthur D., a native of Clear- field ; place of residence. Clearfield ; place of practice, Clearfield; degree M. D. conferred by Medico Chi College June 4, 1909. 204 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Covert, E. Douglass, a native of Jefferson county, Pa.; place of residence, Kernnoor; studied at Homeopathic Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio. Crammer, Carl B., a native of Bradford county. Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; place of practice, DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College May 13, 1898. Cresswell, A. E., a native of Missouri ; place of residence, near Ansonville; places of practice, Fairview, Cherr>' Tree and Anson- ville; attended lectures at Medical College of Ohio 1871-2; also at Medical Department of University of Michigan 1872. Currier, J., a native of Port Deposit, Md. ; place of residence, Grampian; places of prac- tice, Troutville and Grampian; degree iL D. conferred by Kentucky School of Medicine June 28, 1 88 1. Dale, David, a native of Lemont, Pa. ; place of residence, Bellefonte, Pa.; places of prac- tice, Curwensville and Bellefonte; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsylvania June, 1904. Degrees B. S. and M. S. conferred by Pennsylvania College 1900 and 1903. Dale, W. H., a native of Bradford Town- ship; place of residence, Ramey; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Sur- geons, Baltimore April 18. 1895. Davis, Thomas E., a native of Cambria county, Pa. ; place of residence, Bumside ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 20, 1867. Dyson, \V. W., a native of Greensburg. Pa.; place of residence, Osceola ; places of practice, Chanibersburg and Osceola; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 20, 1882. Edwards, G. B., a native of Smith's Mills. Pa.; residence, Clearfield; degrees M. D. and Surgery and B. S. conferred by Washington and Jefferson College 1905 and 1901. Edwards, W. H., a native of Industry, Me., place of residence, Janesville; degree M. D. conferred by Bowdoin Medical College June 8, 1868. Emigh, G. \\'., a native of Morris Town- ship; place of residence. Woodland; degree M. D. conferred by L'niversity Medical Col- lege of New York March 11, 1884. Elliott, C. B., a native of Mt. Savage, Md. ; place of residence, Utahville; places of prac- tice, Osceola, Altoona and Utahville; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 14, 1873. Erhard, E. S., place of residence, Xew Millport; place of practice, New Millport; de- gree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Western University of Pennsylvania June 12. 1906. Illegal, Irwin S., place of residence. Lumber City; place of practice. Lumber City; degree M. D. conferred by Western Pennsylvania Medical College March 22, 1894. Feltwell, John, a native of Chest Township; places of practice. Little Marsh, Pa., and Houtzdale ; degree M. D. conferred by Jef- ferson Medical College March 12, 1879. Free, Spencer M., a native of New Free- dom, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; place of practice. Dagus Mines, Pa., Beechtree, Pa., and Helvetia ; degrees A. B. and A. M. con- ferred by Ohio Wesleyan Uni\ersity 1877, 1880; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, 1880. Gallagher, John A., a native of Osceola Mills : place of residence, Houtzdale ; places of practice. Madera, Loraine and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson J^Iedical College April 2, 1886. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 205 George, S. F., a native of Perry county, Pa.; place of residence, Graham; places of practice, Ebensburg, Pa., Janesville, Graham and Reynoldsville. Gifford, Willis B., a native of Lee, Mass. ; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice, Attica, Buffalo, N. Y., and DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Buffalo Feb- ruary 23, 1876. Gilliland, W. S., a native of Centreville, Pa. ; place of residence, Central Point ; places of practice. Central Point and Congress Hill ; attended lectures at Jefferson Medical College 1865-66. Ginter, James E., a native of Troutville; place of residence, DuBois; place of practice, Tyler; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Medico Chi College June 4, 1908. Gold, James A., a native of Frankstown, Pa. ; place of residence, Brisbin ; degree M. D. conferred by Homeopathic College of Cleve- land March 23, 1887. Good, D. R., a native of Franklin county. Pa.; place of residence, Osceola; places of practice, Altoona and Osceola; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College 1858. Deceased. Gordon, John W., a native of Clearfield; place of residence, Clearfield; places of prac- tice, Philadelphia and Clearfield ; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsylvania May 14, 1903; degree B. S. conferred by State College 1900. Gourley, R. C, a native of Jefferson county. Pa.; place of residence, Troutville; place of practice, Big Rim ; degree M. D. conferred by Western University of Pittsburg, Medical De- partment, March 22, 1894. Graves, William B., a native of Point Pen- insula, N. Y. ; place of residence, DuBois ; place of practice, DuBois; degree M. D. con- ferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 22, 1901. Gregory, John A., a native of Alexandria, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Luthersburg and DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College April 2, 1883. Griffith, Matthew M., a native of York, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice. Parsons, Pa., Irwin, N. Y., Bradford and DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Uni- versity of Pennsylvania March 14, 1867. Gurnsey, Charles W., a native of Stuben county, N. Y. ; place of residence, Karthaus. Guthrie, Daniel W., a native of Armstrong county. Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, DuBois and Beechtree; at- tended Baltimore University. Haines, Jeremiah, a native of New Cum- berland, Pa. ; place of residence, Woodward Township ; time of continuous practice, twelve years. Hancock, Edward C, a native of Phila- delphia; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice. Buck county, Montgomery county, Allegheny county, and Clearfield county. Hartswick, John G., a native of Boals- burg. Pa.; place of residence, Clearfield; places of practice, Hublersburg, Pa., and Clearfield ; degree M. D. conferred by Uni- versity of Pennsylvania April i, 1854. De- ceased. Hartswick, Thomas Huston, a native of Clearfield; place of residence, Clearfield; places of practice, Philadelphia and Clear- field; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania May 2, 1887. Deceased. Harper, Francis W., a native of New- 206 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY berry, Pa. ; place oi residence, Glen Hope ; degree M. D. conferred by College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 15, 1896. Hayes, S. E., a native of Luthersburg, Pa.: place of residence. Tyler; degree M. D. conferred by the Jiledico Chi College May 13, 1896. Heddings, B. E., a native of Pennsylva- nia; place of residence, Morrisdale; degree U. D. conferred by University of Pennsyl- vania 1899; degree B. S. conferred by Dick- inson Seminary 1895. Henderson, James L., a native of Lewis- town, Pa. ; place of residence, Osceola ; places of practice, Pendleton, Ohio. Kar- ihaus and Osceola; degree M. D. con- ferred by Ohio Medical College March i, 1882. Hennigh, George B., a native of Indiana county. Pa.; place of residence, Troutville; degree M. D. conferred by Baltimore Medi- cal College April 15, 1891. Hepburn, James H., a native of Jersey Shore, Pa. ; place of residence, Irvona ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College April, 1886. Hern, C. D. P., a native of Olean, N. Y . place of residence, DuBois; place of prac- tice, DuBois; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, June 3, 1907. Hilleary, Jesse G.. a native of Newark. Ohio; place of residence, DuBois; place of practice. DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Ohio Medical College April 9, 1897. Hindman, Charles C, a native of Jeffer- son county. Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice. Clarion county, Jefferson county and DuBois; degree of M. D. con- ferred by Jefferson Medical College March II. 1876. Hogue, Herbert J., a native of Watson- town. Pa. ; place of residence, Coalport ; places of practice, DuBois and Coalport; degree M. D. conferred by College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, March i, 1885. Hogue, Davis A., a native of Watson- town, Pa.; place of residence Houtzdale; places of practice. Glen Hope, Madera and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by Jef- ferson Medical College March 11, 1875. Hoover, Percy L., a native of Ferguson township; place of residence, Mahaffey; place of practice, Mahaffey; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College May 15, 1895. Hotchkin, Gurdon B., a native of Clinton, N. Y. ; place of residence, Morrisdale; de- gree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania March 31, 1855. Houck, E. E., a native of Indiana county, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Punxsutawney and DuBois; de- gree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Bal- timore Medical College May i. 1906. Hurd, M. E., a native of Clearfield county, Pa.; place of residence. Newburg; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical Col- lege April 2. 1883. Hunter, Elliott C, a native of Xewburg; place of residence, Newburg; place of prac- tice, Newburg ; degree M. D. conferred by Western Pennsylvania Medical College March 22, 1888. Hyskell, W. E., a native of Smicksburg, Pa. ; place of residence. Munson ; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Jefferson Medi- cal College May 28, 1903. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 207 Irvin, George R., a native of Clearfield, Pa.; place of residence, Clearfield; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsyl- vania October, 1897. Jackson, Robert, a native of Philadelphia, Pa.; place of residence, Houtzdale ; place of practice, Houtzdale; degree M. D. con- ferred by Jefiferson Medical College of Phy- sicians and Surgeons, Baltimore. Jenkins, George C, a native of Curwens- ville ; place of residence, Curwensville ; place of practice, Curwensville; degree M. D. con- ferred by University of Pennsylvania June 14, 1878. Johnstone, Charles W., a native of Eng- land; place of residence, DuBois; place of practice, DuBois; degree M. D. and Sur- gery conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, May 21, 1906. Johnson, James M., a native of Hunting- don, Pa. : place of residence, Coalport ; place of practice, Coalport; degree M. D. con- ferred by College of Physicians and Sur- geons, Baltimore, April 15, 1896. Jordon, R. R., a native of Stewartstown, Pa.; place of residence, Tyler; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsylvania June 17, 1903. Keflfer, Winter, a native of Westmore- land county, Pa. ; place of residence, Wil- liamsgrove ; place of practice, Williams- grove ; degree M. D. conferred by Georgia College March 12, 1888. Kelso, John Scott, a native of Jefiferson county. Pa. ; place of residence, W^oodland ; place of practice. Woodland ; degree M. D. March 26, 1896. King, H. O., a native of Jefferson county. Pa.; place of residence, Curwensville; place of practice, Curwensville : degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College May 2, 1893. Kline, D. D., place of practice, Clearfield; time of continuous practice, 36 years; at- tended Eclectic College. Kline, John H., a native of Centre county. Pa.; place of residence, Grampian; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical Col- lege January 24, 1867. Kirk, Ellis Irwin, a native of Clearfield: place of residence, Chester Hill; place of practice, Chester Hill; attended Eclectic Med- ical college, Cincinnati, Ohio. Kirk, George B., a native of Luthers- burg; place of residence, Kylertown; de- gree M. D. conferred by Baltimore Medical College April 21, 1898. Kirk, Charles H., a native of Luthers- burg. Pa. ; place of residence, New Wash- ington; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio. Kirk, Joseph, Jr., a native of Luthers- burg; place of residence, Luthersburg; place of practice, Luthersburg; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical College, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 3, 1890. Lewis, Edward C, a native of Northum- berland, Pa.; place of residence, Grampian; degree M. D., conferred by Bellevue Hos- pital Medical College March 10, 1881. Lewis, Homer H., a native of Vandalia, Missouri ; place of residence, Jefferson Line ; place of practice, Troutville; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by the University of Louisville June 30, 1900. Leipold, B. E., a native of Clearfield; place of residence, Clearfield; place of prac- tice, Clearfield; degree M. D. conferred by Jefiferson Medical College May 13, 1896. Litz, Jefferson, a native of Clearfield: 208 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY place of residence, DuBois; places of prac- tice, Johnstown, Woodland and DuBois ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March, 1862. Logan, Samuel G., a native of Jefferson county. Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medi- cal College May 15, 1901. Lydic, Joseph M., a native of East Ma- honing, Pa.; place of residence, Troutville; places of practice, Smithport, Pa., and Troutville; attended Medical Lectures at University of Ann Arbor, 1868-9, 1 869-70. Maine, Charles L., a native of Maines- burg. Pa. ; place of residence, Helvetia ; places of practice, Walston, Pa., and Hel- vetia; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 29, 1892. Maloy, John D., a native of Ireland; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Bradford, Emporium and DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Medical Department of the University of Buffalo. Mangon, John M., a native of Ireland ; place of residence, Houtzdale; places of practice, Kansas and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania 1857- Mank, G. E., a native of Claysburg, Pa. ; place of residence, Woodland; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Medico Chi. College June 5. 1909. Maxwell, J. A., place of residence, Cur- wensville; place of practice, Curwensville; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 10, 1866. Deceased. MacKenzie, A. E., a native of Novia Sco- tia; places of practice, Clearfield and Lock Haven ; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Hahnemann Medical College May 2, 1898. McDowell, Samuel I., a native of York county. Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, DuBois and New Oxford; at- tended Jefferson Medical College. McKee, Thomas X., a native of Sherrett, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Western Pennsylvania Medical College March 2j, 1890. McXaul, Caleb G., a native of Pike Town- ship; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College April 2, 1890. Mead, R. K., a native of East Brady, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsyl- vania. Means, W. A., a native of Punxsutawney ; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Luthersburg and DuBois; degree M. D. con- ferred by Cincinnati College of Medicine and Surger}' February 3, 1865. Deceased. Miller, S. J., a native of Clearfield county; place of residence, Madera; places of practice, Ansonville and Madera ; degree M. D. con- ferred by University of City of New- York 1886. Miller. James A., a native of Clearfield county ; place of residence. Grampian ; place of practice, Grampian ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania March 2-,, 1897. Mock. David C, a native of Pavia, Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. and Surger)' conferred by the College of Physi- cians and Surgeons. Baltimore, May 18, 1904. Mortimer, James I., a native of Clarion county. Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice, East Brady, Warren, Ohio; AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 209 McKean county, Allegheny City and DuBois ; time of continuous practice, fourteen years. Mott, William S., a native of Clearfield county; place of residence, Wallaceton; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical Institute, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 2, 1885. Murray, Jno. A., a native of Hudson, Pa. ; place of residence, Mahaffey; places of prac- tice, Ansonville and Mahaffey ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Maryland, March, 1885. Murray, V. A., a native of Jefferson county. Pa.; place of residence, Mahaffey; place of practice, Mahaft'ey; degree M. D. conferred by the Kentucky School of Medicine June 18, 1892. Myers, J. G. L., a native of Huntingdon county. Pa. ; place of residence, Osceola ; places of practice, Burlington, Indiana, Hill Valley, Pa., Port Matilda, Pa., and Osceola; attended course of lectures at Ann Arbor Uni- versity 1887-8. Neveling, F. S., a native of Brownsville, Ind. ; place of residence, Clearfield ; places of practice, St. Lawrence, Pa., Glen Hope, Frenchville, and Clearfield ; degree M. D. con- ferred by Eclectic Medical College of Pennsyl- vania Januai-y i, 1870. New, Philip S., a native of Gemiany; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Mis- souri, Iowa, Indiana, Pa., Punxsutawney and DuBois ; time of continuous practice, 28 years. Park, Milo E., a native of Armstrong county. Pa. ; place of residence, Utahville ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Medical Department of Western Reserve University March 27, 1884. Park, William C., a native of Whitesburg, Pa.; place of practice, Cochran Mills, Pa., and New Millport; degree M. D. conferred by Western Reserve University March 12, 1882. Deceased. Pettigrew, S. H., a native of Kittanning, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Kams City, Pa., and DuBois; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College. Piper, William C, a native of Cypher, Pa.; place of residence, Clearfield; place of prac- tice, Clearfield ; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Hahnemann Medical College May 21, 1904. Potter, J. W., a native of Clarion county. Pa.; place of residence, Keewaydin; place of practice, Mulsonburg; attended lectures at Na- tional Medical College, Washington, D. C. Deceased. Prothers, William C, a native of Perry county. Pa. ; place of residence, Ramey ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College April 27, 1892. Prowell, George F., a native of Lewisburg, Pa.; place of residence, Burnside; places of practice, Carlisle, Pa., and Burnside; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical Col- lege March 10, 1867. Purnell, Howard G., a native of George- town, Del. ; place of residence, Ansonville ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jeft'erson Medical College April i, 1892. Pussell, Edward W., a native of Fleming, Pa.; place of residence; Clearfield; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsylvania 1902. Quigley, J. M., a native of Wallaceton; place of residence, Winbume; place of prac- tice, Winburne; degree M. D. conferred by Baltimore Medical College April 22, 1898. Quinn, L. W., a native of DuBois; place of residence and practice, DuBois; degree M. 210 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY D. conferred by Western Pennsylvania Med- ical College March 26, 1896. Read, F. B., a native of Clearfield; place of residence, Osceola; places of practice, Wood- land and Osceola; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 10, 1867. Reese, O. P., a native of Centre county; place of residence, Kylertown; degree M. D. conferred by University of Michigan March 9, 1865. Rhoads, J. W., a native of Harrisburg, Pa. ; place of residence, Houtzdale; places of prac- tice, Danville, Tunkhannock and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania March, 1854. Richards, H. Preston, a native of Illinois; place of residence, Karthaus; degree M. D. conferred by University of Maryland April 8, 1889. Ross J. Miller, a native of Morgantown, W. Va. ; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice, Lumber City and DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Eclectic Medical College of Pennsylvania May 5, 1857. Deceased. Rowles, J. F., a native of Clearfield county ; place of residence, Kerrmoor; degree M. D. conferred by Medico Chi. College May 28, 1904. Rowles, L. C, a native of Clearfield county; place of residence, Clearfield; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Medico Chi. Col- lege May 27, 1905. Ruley, W. E., a native of Hanover, Pa.; place of residence, Cleai-field county; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Southern Homeopathic College May 9, 1907. Russell, Edmund, a native of Brooklyn, N. Y. ; place of residence and practice, Houtz- dale; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania June 15, 1904. Rutter, T. C, a native of Nottingham, Pa. ; place of residence and practice, Tyler; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsyl- vania June 13, 1900. Scheffer, Julius, a native of Germany; place of residence, Troutville; places of practice, Al- legheny, Butler, McKean, Warren and Jeffer- son counties, and Troutville; degree M. D. conferred by Medical College of Herford, Prussia, May, 1865; attended lectures at Uni- versity of Pennsylvania 1867-68. Scheurer, E. M., a native of Hanover, Pa.; place of residence, Clearfield; places of prac- tice, Bellefonte and Clearfield; degree 'SI. D. conferred by Hahnemann Medical College March, 1871. Deceased. Schneider, Charles, a native of Tyrone. Pa.; places of practice, Winterburn, Drift- wood and Karthaus; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Balti- more, March i, 1881. Schumacher, F. L., a native of Hazleton, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Penn- sylvania June 19, 1908. Senn, W. W., a native of Holland, X. Y. ; place of residence, Munson; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania June 19, 1907; degree B. S. conferred by Bucknell University June 24, 1903. Sharbaugh, W. J., a native of Summitville, Pa. ; place of residence and practice, Houtz- dale; degree M. D. conferred by Kentucky School of Medicine June 18, 189 1. Shock, J. C, a native of X'^ew Washington; place of residence and practice, Ramey; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College 1891. Smathers, W. J., a native of Jefferson county. Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; de- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 211 gree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical Col- lege March 12, 1873. Smead, J. J., a native of Clearfield; place of residence, New Washington; places of prac- tice, Chest Township and New Washington; time of continuous practice, twenty-three years. Smith, Joseph W., a native of York, Pa.; place of residence, Osceola; places of practice, New Oxford, Philadelphia and Osceola; de- gree M. D. conferred by Bellevue Hospital Medical College March i, 1870. Smith, Reuben, a native of Tioga county. Pa. ; place of residence, Grampian ; places of practice, Elk county and Grampian; degree M. D. conferred by American Eclectic Col- lege February 18, 1886. Smith, N. \\'., a native of New Brunswick, Canada ; place of residence, DuBois, Pa. ; de- gree M. D. and Surgery^ conferred by Balti- more College of Physicians and Surgeons June 3, 1907. Spackman, R. V., a native of Bellefonte, Pa.; place of residence, DuBois; places of practice. Luthersburg and DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Jeft'erson ]\Iedical College March, 1870. Deceased. Spackman, J. P., a native of DuBois ; place of residence and practice, DuBois ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson ?^Iedical College May 15, 1896. Sprankle, P. D., place of residence, Du- Bois; places of practice, Pittsburg, Punxsut- awney and DuBois ; degree M. D. and Sur- ge?}' conferred by Jeft'erson Medical College May, 1904. Stern. W. J., a native of Philadelphia ; place of residence. Woodland, Pa. ; degree M. D. conferred by Medico Chi. College 1902. Stewart, S. C, a native of Bradford Town- ship; place of residence, Clearfield; places of practice, Woodland and Clearfield; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 12, 1881. Stitzel, J. W., a native of Ewensville, Pa.; place of residence and practice, Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by Hahnemann Med- ical College May 5, 1896. Strowbridge, H. P., place of residence, Du- Bois; places of practice. Oil City, Rouseville and DuBois; time of continuous practice, twenty-three years. Sullivan, J. C, a native of Armstrong county. Pa. ; place of residence and practice, DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Western Pennsylvania College, March 27, 1890. Sweeney, D. H., a native of Penn Vil- lage, N. Y. ; place of residence, Clearfield; places of practice, New Bloomfield and Clearfield; time of continuous practice forty- four years. Sweeney, Barnabas, a native of Allegheny county, Pa. ; place of residence, DuBois ; places of practice, Brookville and DuBois; time of practice thirty-seven years. Sweeney, G. B., a native of Latrobe; place of residence, DuBois; degree M. D. conferred by Baltimore College of Physi- cians and Surgeons ■March 15, 1886. Taylor, J. R., a native of Philadelphia; place of residence, ^Morrisdale ; places of practice, Breck, Colorado, Philadelphia and Morrisdale ; degree M. D. conferred by Uni- versity of Pennsylvania 1875. Thompson, PI. H., a native of Storms- town, Pa. ; place of residence and practice, Mahaffey ; degree M. D. conferred by Jeft'er- son Medical College April 3, 1889. Thorn, A. I., a native of Clearfield ; place of residence, Kvlertown ; degree M. D. con- 212 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ferred by University of Pennsylvania March 12, 1872. Thorn, Paul, a native of Clearfiekl ; place of residence, Kylertown; degree M. D. con- ferred by Baltimore University School of Medicine March 16, 1867. Thorpe, W. P., a native of Curry Run, Pa.; place of residence, W'inburne; places of practice, Winburne and Straight : degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Baltimore Medical College May 11, 1905. Thorp. J. D., a native of Greenwood township; place of residence, Curry Run; places of practice, Curry Run and McGees Mills; degree M. D. conferred by Columbus Medical College March 2, 1892. Tobin, Thomas, a native of Brockway- ville, Pa.; place of residence, Bigler; places of practice, Grampian, \\'allaceton and Big- ler; degree M. D. conferred by University of Buffalo. February 21, 1882. Todd, Fernandez, a native of Summit- ville. Pa.; place of residence. Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania March 12, 1875. Torbert, J. S., a native of Williamsport, Pa. ; place of residence, Winburne ; places of practice. Driftwood and Winburne ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Jefiferson Medical College March 12. 1881. Tracy, E. M.. a native of Smithport. Pa.; place of residence and practice, Houtzdale ; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by University of Pennsylvania September 28, 1903. Twitmire, T. C, a native of Mileslnirg. Pa.; place of residence. Glen Richie; degree M. D. conferred by Western Reserve Uni- versity March 3, 1886. Ulbrich, Seth S.. places of practice. Wil- liampsort and Osceola; degree M. D. con- ferred by Jefiferson Medical College March 14, 1881. Ulmer. Stephen E.. a native of Lycom- ing, Pa. ; place of residence, Wallaceton ; degree M. D. conferred by JefTerson Medi- cal College June 15. 1896; degree Ph. G. conferred by Philadelphia College of Phar- macy. \'an Fleet, Walter, a native of Piermont, X. Y. ; place of residence. DuBois; places' of practice, Watsontown and DuBois ; de- gree M. D. conferred by Hahnemann Medi- cal College March 10, 1880. Van Valzah, H. B., a native of Millheim, Pa. ; place of residence and practice. Clear- field ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 12, 1873. Deceased. Vaughn, J. E., a native of Madison, Me. ; place of residence. Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsylvania March 15. 1880. Wagoner, E. F., a native of York, Pa. ; place of residence, Osceola; places of prac- tice, York, jManchester and Osceola ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical Col- lege March 29, 1884. Walters, J. L., a native of Loretto, Pa. ; place of residence, Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Sur- geons, Baltimore, March i. 1881. Waterworth. S. J., a native of Baltimore, Md. ; place of residence and practice, Clear- field ; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 8, 1893. Weida, Isadure J., a native of Berks county. Pa. ; place of residence. Peale ; de- gree M. D. confered by University of Penn- sylvania May I, 1890. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 213 Weidemann, F. H., a native of Philadel- phia; place of residence and practice, Mor- risdale: degree M. D. conferred by Medico Chi. College May 20, 1899. Wesner, W. A., a native of Bald Eagle, Pa.; place of residence, Houtzdale ; places of practice, Loretto, Carlton and Houtz- dale; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 11, 1876. Whittier, G. M., a native of Maine; place of residence, Houtzdale ; degree M. D. con- ferred by Bellevue Hospital Medical Col- lege March i, 1875. Wilson, Preston, a native of Clearfield ; place of residence and practice, Clearfield ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medi- cal College April 2, 1886. Deceased. Wilson, George, a native of Washington, Pa. ; place of residence, Luthersburg; places of practice, Big Run, Grampian, and Luth- ersburg; time of continuous practice thirty- six years. Wilson, A. G., a native of Juniata county. Pa.; place of residence. Glen Hope; places of practice, Osceola and Glen Hope; degree M. D. conferred by University of Pennsyl- vania May 10, 1876. Wilson, O. W., a native of Clearfield. Pa. ; residence and place of practice, Clearfield; de- gree M. D. conferred by Medico Chi. College May 24, 1902. Wilson, H. Sheridan, a native of Hunt- ingdon county. Pa. ; place of residence and practice. Smoke Run ; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physi- cians and Surgeons, Baltimore, April 18, 1895- Winslow, Byron, a native of Elk county. Pa. ; place of residence, Curwensville ; places of practice, Philadelphia, Clearfield and Curwensville ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College March 12, 1879. Deceased. Wood, Charles D., a native of Elmira, N. Y. ; place of residence, Coalport; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, 1880. Wood, G. W., a native of Wellsville, N. Y. ; place of residence, Houtzdale ; places of practice, Glen Hope and Houtzdale; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons March 1890. \A'oodside, H. L., a native of Clearfield county; place of residence, Wallaceton ; de- gree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Jef- ferson Medical College June 8, 1908. Woodside, Harry A., a native of Clear- field county; place of residence and prac- tice, Williamsgrove ; degree M. D. conferred by Jefferson Medical College May 14, 1897. Worrell, S. W., a native of Newburg; place of residence, Clearfield ; degree M. D. conferred by University of Buffalo May 3, 1892. Wrigley, J. Kay, a native of Altoona; places of practice, Tyrone, Altoona and Clearfield ; degree M. D. conferred by Hahnemann Medical College, March 8, 1887. Deceased. Yeaney, G. B., a native of New Maysville, Pa. ; place of residence. Clarion, Pa. ; places of practice, Clearfield and Clarion; degree M. D. conferred by Western University May 28, 1903. Yearick, G. W., a native of Madisonburg, Pa.; place of residence, Woodland; degree M. D. and Surgery conferred by Medico Chi. College 1903. Young, Robert J., a native of England; place of residence. Snow Shoe; degree M. D. conferred by College of Physicians and Surgeons, Baltimore, March 16, 1889. CHAPTER XV PUBLIC INSTITUTIONS The Clearfield Hospital — The DuBois Hospital — The Clearfield County Home. THE CLEARFIELD HOSPITAL The Clearfield Hospital was incorporated in 1 90 1. The following year, it was consoli- dated with another hospital, which had been subsequently organized and the charter was amended and the corporation re-organized. The State Legislature, in 1907, appropri- ated $23,000.00; $15,000.00 toward paying the indebtedness on the building, and $8,- 000.00 to assist in maintaining the Hospital for two years. This amount was reduced by the Governor, because of insufficient revenue, to $6,000.00 toward the indebtedness and $4,- Through the generosity of the heirs of Fred- 000.00 for maintenance for two years. The erick Mossop, deceased, and other charitable citizens, about four acres of land and $20,- 000.00 in money were donated toward the lo- cation and erection of a new hospital, which was completed in July, 1905, at a total cost of $38,358-09, exclusive of the ground. The building is 157 x 113 feet. The central part known as the "Admini.stration Building," is two stories in height and the wings, in which the public wards are located, are each one story high. The hospital is well equipped and up-to-date in its appearance and appliances. It has ac- commodations for thirty-five patients, twenty- two in the public wards and thirteen in ])rivate rooms. During the year 1909, 371 patients were treated. Of these. 269 were entirely free, or paid but a fractional part of the cost of their care. A chartered training school for nurses is maintained under competent man- agement, the first class therefrom graduated during 1910. State appropriation for the years of 1909 and 19 10 was $8,000.00 for maintenance and $2,- 000.00 toward improvements for the two years. These appropriations by the State Leg- islature are insufficient to support the liospital, and the deficiencies have hitherto been pro- vided for by the generosity of the citizens of Clearfield and Curwensville, and other persons interested in the w'elfare of the institution. Harry M. Kurtz of Clearfield has recently donated to the hospital the sum of $5,000.00 for the purpose of erecting a Nurses Home, which will be completed in 1911, and various other improvements are contemplated. The demands upon the Hospital are constantly growing and it is one of the most useful insti- tutions in the county. The following are the officers for 1910: H. B. Powell, President. l'"rank I'ielding, Vice-President. George R. Bigler, Sec. and Treas. 214 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 215 Directors. Geo. R. Bigler, Attorney at Law. H. F. Bigler, Pres. Clearfield Fire Brick Co. Frank Fielding, ^Attorney at Law. Frank G. Harris, Attorney at Law. Hugh j\I. Ir\-in, Pres. Curwensville Na- tional Bank, Curwensville. Fred B. Kerr, Treas. Clearfield Novelty ■ Works. A. W. Lee, Pres. Central Penna. Light and Power Company. Thos. H. ]\Iurray, Attorney at Law. Rembrandt Peale, Pres. Peale, Peacock & Kerr, Inc. H. B. Powell, Pres. County National Bank. R. A. Shillingford, General Manager, Cleai-field Bituminous Coal Corp. Ladies Auxiliary. Mrs. Frank Fielding, President. Mrs. Alexander Ennis Patton, ist Vice- President. Mrs. A. R. Powell, 2nd Vice-President. Mrs. Pascaline Toner, 3rd Vice-President. Mrs. Blanche M. Biddle, Treasurer. Mrs. H. J. Hartswick, Secretary. Junior Auxiliary Miss Helen Murray, President. Miss Alice Bigler, ist Vice-President. Miss Delia Savage, 2nd Vice-President. Mrs. J. Lewis Irwin, Treasurer. Miss Isabel Powell, Secretary. Superintendent. Miss Jessie M. Durstine. Nurses Training School Mrs. A. H. Woodward, President. Mrs. Geo. R. Bigler, Secretary. THE DU BOIS HOSPITAL The Du Bois Hospital was organized in the year 1897, with a capacity of twenty-three beds, and at the end of the same year it was incorporated under the laws of the Common- wealth of Pennsylvania, by a decree signed by the Hon. Cyrus Gordon, President Judge of Clearfield county. It is one of the class corpo- nations not organized for profit. It is not authorized to accumulate money, if it were pos- sible, excepting for necessary expenditures, nor to use its funds, however obtained, for any other purpose than the proper maintenance and improvement of the Hospital. The first mem- bers of the board of directors were : John E. Du Bois, A. L. Cole, M. Lundergan, S. Fu- gate and J.' C. Sullivan. These, as well as the Medical Staff, all serve without compensation. The management have constantly aimed to make the instituti(jn as nearly self-supporting as possible, and at the same time to be char- itably inclined to the poor and needy by not refusing to care for worthy poor; but, as in our community charges must necessarily be moderate, as the vast majority of our patients are really poor, the hospital has never been self-supporting. It has, since its organization, been dependent upon the charity of individ- uals, and the liberally disposed, as well as the State for appropriations. The charity of such individuals, etc., has been such that many poor, without means to help themselves, have been treated free of charge, and those whom poor districts, or in our own county, the county commissioners have met the ordinarv- expenses of, have had furnished them the advantages of hospital at- tention and nursing in medical and surgical cases at a rate below the actual cost of board and nursing. In November, 1909, the hospital building was badly damaged by fire. All patients were safely removed and provided for. 216 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY April 15, 1910, the Du Bois Hospital, after undergoing thorough repairs, refurnishing, and the rest, was again opened to the public. Before this was done, a re-organization by the enlarging of the board of directors to its full capacity of fifteen, as provided for in the Constitution of the Du Bois Hospital Associa- tion, was effected. The present board of directors are as fol- lows: S. J. Schrecongost, President; James A. Gleason, Vice-President; D. E. Hibner, Frank Guinzburg, S. A. Eisenman, George JMinns, Jr., James Pifer, A. R. Van Tassel, E. W. Webster, H. E. Ginter, W. H. Cannon, A. L. Cole, M. Lundergan, Frank Hahne, Hon. A. S. Moulthrop, and J. C. Sullivan, secretary to the board. At the time of re-organization, the Sisters of Mercy were given the administrative charge of the Du Bois Hospital, and under their su- pervision, the hospital has prospered as in no other previous period. In fact, the work of the institution is limited by its bed capacity only. Mother M. Camilla is the present super- intendent. Since the opening of the institu- tion, April 15, 1910, there has been one hun- dred and thirty-one admissions. THE CLEARFIELD COUNTY HOME The handsome three-story brick building known as The Clearfield County Home is sit- uated in Lawrence Township on the Pennsyl- vania railroad, one mile below Clearfield. The County Home property comprises 180 acres of what were formerly known as the John F. W'eaver and Goon fanns. When the question of organizing the county into a jwor district was first submitted to the voters it failed to carry, but the second time it was voted on, at the spring election of Februar)' 20, 1894, the project carried, the vote being 4,944 for, and 3,485 against — a majority of only 459. The county commissioners under whose direction the Home was built were James S. Read, Wil- liam T. Ross and A. E. Woolridge. Hon. Cyrus Gordon was on the bench at the time, and George E. Owens was clerk to the com- missioners. The contract was let October i, 1894, to the lowest bidder, W. V. Hughes, of Pittsburgh, the price being $38,650.00. The architect was C. M. Robinson, of Altoona, who was chosen by the commissioners. Jacob Straddler, a skilled mechanic and builder, was the general superintendent of the building and work. From the opening day, December 30, 1895, to the present time the ta.\ payers of Clearfield county have looked upon the Home as one of the best investments this county has ever made. Indeed, the wonder has always been since its erection, why there could have been so many votes cast against building this splendid institution, which has been a blessing to thousands of the sons of Clearfield county — an asylum for the poor and a home for the needy. There were 143 inmates in the Home in August, 19 ID. Besides furnishing the county's poor with all the necessities of life and solicitously caring for the sick and aged, the spiritual side of the inmate's nature has not been overlooked as a chaplain in the person of Rev. A. B. Williams, pastor of the United Brethren church of East End Clearfield, every Sunday holds preaching services in the well appointed chapel in the second story which is equipped with all the comforts of a modern church. Dining rooms are furnished for both the men and women, while the sleeping quar- ters on the second floor are similarly arranged. A large laundry and kitchen are at the rear of the first floor. Pure wholesome food is sup- vil — Z- ?r - AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 219 plied in abundance. In connection with the Home proper, a fine farm is carefully culti- vated under the supervision of the steward. Those male inmates who are able to assist in the work are pressed into service,' so there are not many idle men about the premises during tlie summer and fall months. After the larder is stocked with products of the farm and the barns and granary supplied the remainder of the crop is sold by the steward. The officials in charge of the Home are as follows : Stew- ard, J. Sumner Hoyt; Matron, Mrs. Hoyt; Physician, Dr. J. W. Gordon; Nurse, C. E. Wilson. The average weekly cost per capita is $2.31. During the year 1909 the number of days' support given inmates, including va- grants, was 63,067. At the present time only 2^ mills are levied for County Home pur- poses. In the year 1909, the total current ex- penses for maintaining the Home were $19,- II 1.3 1. Viewed from every standpoint the Clearfield County Home is acknowledged to rank second in the State and no similar insti- tution is more efficiently managed. In addition to maintaining this institution, Clearfield county, in the year 1909, expended $5,265.51 for outdoor relief of its poor, while the sum of $15,469.09 was paid out of its treasury toward the support of its insane in the State hospitals. One thousand one hun- dred and sixty-one dollars and fifty-four cents was also expended by the county for the main- tenance of its feeble-minded in the training schools of the commonwealth, and $364.52 was paid for the support of the poor in other institutions. Including other outside expendi- tures, amounting to $1,976.54, Clearfield county, in the year 1909, expended $48,357.12 for the support of the poor, sick and insane within her borders. This record for public charity is most commendable and the heart of every true Clearfield countian should rejoice that this worthy benevolence is carried on on such a generous and far reaching scale. CHAPTER X\-I EDUCATION A History of the Schools from 18^4 to the Present Time — School Laiv of i8s4 — Compulsory School Law — Early Schools and Schoolhoiiscs — Schools and Academies of Cleariicld, Curwensvillc, DtiBois and Other Towns. In the jear 1834 a law, a section of which gan a new era in the educational history of follows, was approved for Pennsylvania by our State and county. The date and loca- Governor Wolf: tion of the first free school held in Clearfield Section I. "Be it enacted That the city county are not known, but it is probable and county of Philadelphia, and every other that it was held in the Clearfield Academy county in this Commonwealth shall each form building which had been completed in 1830, a school division and that every ward, town- or in the Curwensvillc Academy, opened ship and borough within the several school the following year. divisions shall form a school district . . . School had been held in the Clearfield and each of said districts shall contain a Academy in 1830-31 by Dr. A. T. Schrj'ver, competent number of common schools for but this was not a free school, the eilucation of every child within the limits The first common school for Pike town- thereof who shall apply, either in person, or ship was held in the Curwensvillc Academy by his or her parents, guardians or next about 1835, John Patton, Sr., serving as friend for admission and instruction." The next year an amendment was made providing that a township or district x'oting in the ne.gative should not be compelled to accept this system. It was not until many years later, in 1897, that the Compulsory School Law was passed, which requires that every child in the state who is physically able (with cer- tain exceptions), shall attend school regu- larly between the ages of si.\ and sixteen years. • With the adoption of the law of 1834, be- master at eighteen dollars per month. An- other common school of early date w^as that taught by John Carlisle in Brady township about 1836. In 1838 a school-house was erected at public expense on the Penfield Road, and here a free school was held for many years. Having given a general review of the early public and private schools, we will give a brief history of the schools in a few of the larger towns in the count)', and some sta- tistics which may be of interest. Clearfield Schools: — From 1830 until 220 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 221 1902 schools, both private and public, were held almost continuously in the Clearfield Academy. Here, in the early forties, came boys and girls from miles around to receive instruction. The Academy was the only source of instruction in French and Latin in the county. The girls were taught use- ful arts, such as needle work, and many grandmothers to-day show with pride, the neat "samplers" which they stitched during their Academy days. Later the building was used for various purposes, such as reli- gious meetings, kindergarten and even as a dwelling house. In 1902, the old grey walls, so closely associated with the early days of Clearfield county, were torn down, and on their ruins arose a splendid new building, with every modern equipment, typical of the new century, as the other had been of the old. The first building erected for the special use of public schools was the "Tbwn Hall," built in 1 85 1. Here the public schools were held until 1872, when the Leonard Graded School began to be constructed. The Leon- ard Graded School was so named in honor of James T. Leonard, a resident of Clear- field, who contributed over $14,000.00 for the erection and furnishing of this school. It was completed in 1874, and is a fine build- ing of red brick. It is situated at the east end of Market Street, and is still in use as a public school. The High School building was erected on the site of the old Clearfield Academy in 1902. It is a splendid building of yellow brick, and contains eveiy modern conven- ience, including facilities for instruction in domestic science and manual training. In 1885 a school building known as the "Fourth Ward School," was built. This school originally contained seven grades, but additions have since been built, one of two rooms in 1903, and one of four rooms in 1908. Two years ago, in 1908, a brick building containing eight large school rooms was erected in West Clearfield, and is known as the Third Ward High School. Clearfield can also boast a fine Parochial School. This splendid structure of yellow brick stands on North Second Street, and is known as the St. Francis School. It was built in 1904. Curwensville Schools: — The educational history of Curwensville dates from the year 1831, at which time John Irvin contributed ground for the erection of the Curwensville Academy. This building stood on Filbert Street, on the ground now known as the Samuel Taylor property. After a few years the building was turned over to Pike town- ship, and here a public school was held about 1835, by John Patton, Sr. The public schools continued to be held there until 1852, when a schoolhouse was built on Wal- nut street. School was also held in the old Methodist church until 1869. Hon. John Patton presented two lots, adjoining the one they already owned on Walnut street, to the school board, and additional build- ings were erected. In 1854 W'illiam Irvin built a brick school- house on State street almost opposite the place where the B. R. & P. station now stands, and for several years it was used as a private school. Later it was rented by the borough and used for many years as a "High School." The Patton Graded School was built in 222 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1885. It was so named in honor of Hon. John Patton, who contributed $16,500 and a lot valued at $3,500 for its erection. It is a handsome building of grey sandstone, and originally contaiined eight schoolrooms. A wing has since been built, adding two large rooms to the original number. For many years the Patton Graded School was the finest school building in the county, and with its many and contin- ued improvements, still ranks among the best. In 1908 a substantial brick building of four rooms was built in the Second ward and these buildings, together with a school of two grades on the South Side, provide ample accommodations for the six hundred school children of Curwensviile. DuBois Schools: — Although the borough of DuBois is comparatively new it is the finest equipped of any in the county in re- gard to public schools. In 1883 the Central School building was erected, and another building, known as the Xevv Central School, was built in 1899. The First Ward School was erected in 1892. An addition to this building became necessary in 1902, and in 1909 an entire new building was constructed. In 1895 a school building was erected in the Third Ward, and an addition built in 1902. The Fourth Ward School was built in 1892, and two additions have since been built, one in 1895 and one in 1907. A fine new High School building is now under construction. The capacity of the High School will be 400. The total number of ward schools is fifty-eight, with a capacity of 2,500. DuBois has also a fine Parochial school, one of four such schools in the county. The other three are situated at Clearfield, Houtzdale and I'renchville respectively. Private Girls' Schools: — Although a "fe- male school" was taught in connection with the Clearfield Academy as early as 1841, no separate school for girls was held until about 1867, when Miss Belle Welsh started a "select school" in the old Methodist church building in Curwensviile. This school was continued for several years with great success. About the same 3'ear, Miss K. S. Swan began a school for girls in the Keystone building in Clearfield. Miss Swan continued her school until the erection of the Leonard Graded School in 1874. Other Schools: — In the larger towns, such as Osceola, Houtzdale. Penfield, Kar- thaus, Ramey, Madera, Grampian and Ma- haffey, large and substantial school build- ings have been erected during the past twenty-five years, and to-day there are 538 schools held in this county. The number of teachers employed in teaching these schools is 560, and the number of scholars enrolled 20,711. No words are needed to prove the mar- vellous growth in public education in our county. These figures speak eloquently of the interest and ambition of our citizens concerning education, and insure the intel- lectual advancement of our coming genera- tion. Following is a list of the county superin- tendents: 1854-7 — Dr. A. T. Schryver. 1857-60— L. L. Still. 1860-3 — ^Jesse Broomall. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 223 1863-6 — C. B. Sanford. 1884-90 — Matthew Savage. 1866-72 — G. W. Snyder. 1890-6 — G. W. Weaver. 1872-8 — J. A. Gregory. 1896-1902 — E. C. Shields. 1878-84— M. L. McQuown. 1902— W. E. Tobias. CHAPTER XVII TRANSPORTATION FACILITIES Turnpike Days — Water Transportation — The Tyrone and Clearfield Railroad — The Pennsyl- vania & Northern — The Buffalo. Rochester & Pittsburg R. R. — The Karthaus R. R. — Tlie Beech Creek R. R. — The Cresson, Clearfield County & New Vorlc Short Route R. R. —The Philipsburg R. R.—The Clearfield Southern R.R.— The West Branch R. R.— The Cunvens'i'illc & Bower R. R. — The Buffalo &■ Susquehanna R. R. — The Franldin & Clearfield R. R. — The DuBois Street Raihway — The Philipsburg Street Railway Co. longer were men willing to be cut off from news of affairs which threatened our nation, and it was at this time that the citizens of Cleai-field count)- came to a realization of their need of quicker transportation. The proposed railroad was called the Ty- nmc and Cleai-field, a branch of the Pennsyl- vania railroad. Alxjut i86j the track was l)uilt from Vail to Sandy Ridge — the top of the mountain, and a year later was extended to Philipsburg. It was not until six years later, and with the financial aid of citizens of broad Susc|ue]ianna afforded ample facilities Clearfield, that the track was extended to the for lumber transportation. .Although the vast county seat. Here it again rested from its stores of coal and fire clay were known to ex- labors, and six years passed before the rail- ist, there had been no need to develop them as road reached Curwensville, aided financially vet. This left little need for transportation, by citizens of that town. For many years Cur- and in those peaceful years, before the mania wcnsville remained the terminus of the Ty- for speed had seized our nation, people were rone and Clearfield railroad, but the coal in- content to live with no other communication terests farther west caused the road to be ex- In no case does the old proverb, "necessity is the mother of invention," hold more true than in the history of tiie development of rail- roads in Clearfield county. In the days when the lumbering stage coach traveled the "Erie Turnpike," carrying the government mails and the few travelers who ventured east or west, no better 44' Betz Coal Mining Company, Philadelphia 69,248 Madeira-Hill Coal Mining Company, Philips- bu'g 65,761 James N. Mclntire & Company, Six Mile Run. 64,686 Huntingdon Coal Company. Huntingdon 59.696 Pemberton Coal Company, .■Mtoona 50.602 E. Eichelberger & Company, Sa.xton 42,741 Moshannon Coal Mining Company, Osceola Mills 41,700 Centre C. & C. Company, Osceola Mills 39.262 A. J. Black, Broad Top 38,413 Decatur C. M. Company, Clearfield 37,368 E. J. Walker & Company, Brisbin 34,678 Leland C. M. Company. New York 32.836 W. R. Gallagher & Brother. Smith Mill 30,292 H. A. Munn and Reed Collieries Co., Dudley.. 30,250 Atlantic C. M. Company, Philipsburg 30,224 Miscellaneous Companies 304,254 Total ..3>783,27i CO.AL MIXES IN CLEARFIELD COUNTY Buffalo, Rochester & Pittslnir,i,di Railway. Clearfield Collier}' Co., Clearfield, operates Bloom mine No. i at Curvvensville. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 250 tons. Trade name "3C." Clearfield Steel & Iron Co., Pittsburg, operates mine at Hyde. Vein Moshannon. Thickness 33/2 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. I'alls Creek Coal Co., Buffalo, X. Y., ope- rates Falls Creek mine at Falls Creek. (Also P. R. R.) Vein Freeport. Thickness 5 to 6 ft. Drift. Machine mine. Daily capacity 1000 tons. Trade name "Falls Creek." An- alysis on file. Rochester & Pittsburgh Coal & Iron Co., Helvetia, operates Helvetia No. 2. Vein "D." Thickness.* Compressed air mine. Daily capacity 500 tons. Buffalo & Susquehanna Railroad. Buffalo & Susquehanna Coal & Coke Co., Buffalo. N. Y., operates DuBois shafts Nos. I and 2 at DuBois. Vein Lower Freeport. * Not reported. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 245 Thickness 6 ft. Shafts. Machine mines. Daily capacity 4000 tons. Cascade Coal & Coke Co., Buffalo, N. Y. operates Tyler mine at Tyler. (Also P. R. R.) Vein. Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Erie Railroad. Northwestern Mining & Exchange Co., New York, N. Y., operates Eriton mine at Eriton. Vein "D" Lower Freeport. Thick- ness 54 in. Shaft. Machine mine. Daily capacity 2,600 tons. New York Central & Hudson River Railroad. Bellmore Coal Co., Burnside, operates Burnside mine at Burnside. Vein "D." Thickness 3>^ ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 75 tons. Analysis on file. Bulah Shaft Coal Co., Ramey, operates Bulah Shaft No. i at Ramey. (Also P. R. R.) Vein "D" or Moshannon. Thick- ness.* Shaft. Pick mine. Daily capacity 1000 to 1200 tons. Analysis on tile. Barnes, Harry & Co., Philipsburg, oper- ates the Cater No. 15. Vein "D." Drift. Pick mine. Thickness.* Daily capacity 50 tons. Carbon Coal & Mng. Co., St. Benedict, operates B. No. 12. Vein Lower Freeport. Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. Clearfield Bit. Coal Corporation, Clear- field, operates Gazzam mine at Gazzam. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 250 tons. Same company operates Pleasant Hill, Grass Flat and Knox Run mines at Beale. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 1,985 tons. Clearfield Colliery Co., Clearfield, oper- ates Caldwell mine No. 2 at Curwensville. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 500 tons. Trade name "3C." Clearfield & Cambria Coal & Coke Co., Port Deposit, Md., operates Lee Hollow mine at La Jose. (Also P. R. R. ) Vein Upper Freeport or "E." Thickness 3 ft. Drift. Machine and pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 1000 tons. Corona Coal & Coke Co., Madera, oper- ates Shoff mine at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 3 to 53^2 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 300 tons. Analysis on file. Graham Coal Co., Inc., Philipsburg, oper- ates Hartley mine at Graham Station. Vein "B." Thickness 2 ft. 10 in. Slope. Ma- chine and pick mine. Daily capacity 200 tons. Trade name "Hartley." Analysis on file. Same company operates Phoenix mine No. 2 at Oak Grove. Vein Moshannon "D." Thickness 4 ft. 8 in. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Trade name "Phoenix." Analysis on file. Harbison-\\'alker Refractories Co., Pitts- burgh, operates Plane mine at Woodland. Vein "C." Thickness 2>4 to 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 10 tons. Holt, W. F., Philipsburg, operates Phoe- nix mine at Hawk Run. Vein "E." Thick- ness 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capac- ity 100 tons, .\nalysis on file. Irish Bros. Coal Co., Philipsburg, oper- ates Colorado mine No. 5 at Munson Sta- tion. Vein "B." Thickness 3 ft. 10 in. Drift. Machine and pick mine. Same company operates Jefferson mines Nos. I and 2 at Philipsburg. (Also P. R. R.) Veins "E" and Moshannon respec- tively. Thickness 3 and 4>4 ft. respectively. Drifts. Pick mines. Same company operates Cuba mines Nos. ■ Not reported. 246 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY I and 2 at Cuba mines. Veins "E" and Mo- shannon. Thickness 3 and 4^/2 ft. respec- tively. Drifts. Pick mines. Keiley, M. J. & Co., Olanta, operates Burnadette mines. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Lee, Thos. J., Philipsburg, operates Davis at Hawk Run. Vein Moshannon. Thick- ness 4y> ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 150 tons. Trade name "Davis." Little Creek Coal & Coke Co.. Clearfield, operates O'Shanter mine at O'Shanter. Veins "D" and "E." Thickness ay; ft. Drift and incline. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. Moshannon Coal Mining Co., Osceola Mills, operates Moshannon mines Nos. 7, 8 and 9, Electric Nos. i and 2, Lenore Nos. I and 2 and Centre mine at Osceola Mills. (Also P. R. R.) Vein "D." Moshannon. Thickness 5 to 6 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 2,700 tons. Trade name "Moshannon." Analysis on file.. Olanta Coal Mining Co., HoUidaysburg, operates Olanta mines Nos. i and 2 at Olanta. Veins "B" and "C." Thickness 3 ft. 8 in. Drifts. Machine and pick mmes. Daily capacity 300 tons. Trade name "Olanta Steaming." O'Shanter Coal Co., Philipsburg. operates Manhattan mine at O'Shanter. Vein "B." Thickness 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Peale. Peacock & Kerr. Inc.. St. Benedict, operates Bloomington Nos. 3, 4 and 5 at Glenrichey. Nos. i, 3. 4, 7 and 8 near Phil- ipsburg. No. 19 Curwensville, Decatur. Ogle Nos. I, 6 and 9 at Winburne. Veins Lower Freeport. Thickness.* Pick mines and compressed air. Drifts and shafts. Daily capacity i.ooo tons. Peale & Hooten, St. Benedict, operates Ogle No. 8 at Munson Sta. Vein Lower Thickness.* Drift. Pick Kittanning. mine. Penna. Coal & Coke Co., operates Nos. 45. 46 and 47 Winburne. Vein "B." Thick- ness.* Drifts. Pick and electric mines. Capacity 500 tons. Potter, Bigler & Potter, Inc., Clearfield, operates Horseshoe mine at Karthaus. Vein "B." Thickness.* Pick mine. Daily capacity 150 tons. Potts Run Land Co., Clearfield, operates Potts Run mines Nos. 2 and 3 at Boardman. \'ein "B" or Miller. Thickness 38 to 45 in. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 1,500 tons. Red Jacket Coal Co., Philipsburg, operates Gearhart mine at Gearhartville. (Also P. R. R.) Vein "E." Thickness 3 ft. 4 in. Drift. Pick mine. Stage. Isaac, Clearfield, operates Karthaus colliery No. i at Karthaus. Vein "B." Thick- ness 3'/2 ft. Drift and incline. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Victoria Coal Mining Co., New York, N. Y., operates Acme mine at Hawk Run. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drift and slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 1,000 ions. Trade name "Acme." PENNSYLV.\NI.\ R. R. (pENN.\. I.INES) Anda Coal Co., Houtzdale, operates the Mountain Branch mine, near Madera. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Atlantic Coal Mining Co., operates Cross Keys mine at West Moshannon. Vein "D." Thickness." Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. ' Not reported. AXD REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 247 Berwind-White Coal Mining Co., Phila- delphia, operates "Eureka" Nos. 7, 16, 22, 27 and 28. Vein '"D." Thickness.* Drifts and shafts. Compressed air and pick mines. Daily capacity 1,500 tons. Berwindale Coal & Coke Co., Philadelphia, operates Cheston mine near Irvona. Vein Moshannon. Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Betz Coal Mining Co., Philadelphia, oper- ates Betz mine No. 2 at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 4j^ to 5 ft. Drift. Pick mine and machine mine. Daily capacity 500 tons. An- alysis on file. Blain Run Coal Co., Coalport, operates mine No. I at Coalport. Vein "B" or Miller. Thickness 4 ft. 8 in. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 400 tons. Analysis on file. Blyth Coal Co., Clearfield, operates Blyth Shaft at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 51^^ ft. Shaft. Machine and pick mine. Mine just developing. Analysis on file. Brisbin Coal Mining Co., Philadelphia, op- erates Mascot mine No. i at Houtzdale. Vein "B." Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Bulah Coal Co., Ramey, operates W'ebster mine No. 4 at Bulah. Vein "D" or Moshan- non. Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 600 to 800 tons. Analysis on file. Bulah Shaft Coal Co., Ramey, operates Bu- lah Shaft No. I at Ramey. (See N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.) Burns, M., Brisbin, operates Penn mines Nos. 2 and 3 at Grampian. Vein Moshannon. Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 250 tons. Cascade Coal & Coke Co., Bufifalo, N. Y., operates Tyler mine at Tyler. (See Buffalo & Susquehanna Ry.) Clearfield Coal Co., Madera, operates Be- carria mine at Becarria. Vein "D" or Mo- shannon. Thickness 2 5^ to 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Trade name "King Cole." Analysis on file. Clearfield Coal Mining Co., Clearfield, op- erates Penn mine No. 4 at Osceola Mills. Vein Miller. Thickness 3^4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 200 tons. Analysis on file. Clearfield & Cambria Coal & Coke Co., Port Deposit, Maryland, operates Lee Hollow mine at La Jose. (See N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.) Cleamiont Coal Mining Co., Philadelphia, operates Clearmont mine at Houtzdale. Vein "E" or Cap. Thickness 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Same com- pany operates Clearmont mine at Houtzdale. Vein "D" or Moshannon. Thickness 5 ft. Drift and slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 150 tons. Trade name "Clearmont." Corona Coal & Coke Co., Madera, operates Bucher mine at Madera. Vein "B." Thick- ness 3 to 5>4 ft. Drift. Machine mine. Daily capacity 600 tons. Analysis on file. Same Company operates Royal mine at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 3 to 5>4 ft. Slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Analysis on file. Same Company operates White Oak mine at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 3 to sYz ft. Slope. Machine mine. Daily capacity 300 tons. Analysis on file. Same Company operates Corona, Davis and Hegarty mines at Madera. Vein "B." Thick- ness 3 to sVi ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 800 tons. Analysis on file. Chestnut Hill Coal Co., Ramey. operates Chestnut Hill No. i. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Clark Bros. Coal Mining Co., Philadelphia, * Not reported. 16 248 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY operates Falcom Nos. i and 2 Smoke Run, and 3 and 4 McCartney. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drifts. Pick and electric mines. Daily ca- pacity 200 tons. Coaldaie Mining Co., St. Benedict, operates Coaldale No. 12 Munson Sta. Vein "A." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 50 tons. Coalport Coal Co., Coalport. operates Su- perior Nos. I, 2 and 3 Coalport. Vein "C & B." Thickness.* Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 100 tons. Dunbar Coal Mining Co., Altoona, operates Fairmont mines Nos. i, 2 and 3 at Osceola Mills. Vein "D" or Moshannon. Thickness 7 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 450 tons. Analysis on file. Ellsworth-Dunham Coal Co., St. Benedict, operates Royal Mine, Munson, Pa. Vein "D." Thickness.* Slope. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. Easton Coal Co., Easton, operates Easton mine at Mahaffey. Vein.* Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 150 to 300 tons. Analysis on file. Falls Creek Coal Co., Buffalo. N. Y., oper- ates Falls Creek mine at Falls Creek. (See B. R. & P. R. R.) Franklin Cnal Co., Ltd., Brisbin, operates Sterling mine No. 2 at Clearfield. Vein Mo- shannon. Thickness ^Ys ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Gould & Bros., W. A., Brisbin, operates Midvale mines Nos. i and 2 at Brisbin and Midvale mine No. i at McCartney. Vein Mo- shannon. Thickness 454 to 5 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 400 tons. Same Company operates Henderson mine No. 5 at Brisbin. Vein "B." Thickness 3>^ * Not reported. ft. Slope. Machine and pick mine. Daily capacity 200 tons. Ghem Coal Co., Osceola Mills, operate Ghem mine. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Hegartys" Sons, S., Coalport, operate Oak- land mines Nos. 2 and 3 at Coalport. Vein "B" or Miller. Thickness 4 to 5 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 500 tons. Trade names "Black Hawk" and "Oakland." Analy- sis on file. Henrietta Coal Co., Ltd., Houtzdale, oper- ates Henrietta mines Nos. i, 2 and 4 at Houtz- dale. Vein Moshannon. Thickness 3 to 4 ft. Drifts and slopes. Pick mines. Daily capac- ity 200 tons. Industry Coal Mining Co., Philipsburg, op- erates Industry mine at Industry. Vein Mo- shannon. Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Same Company operates Niagara mine at Ash- land. Vein "B." Thickness 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Irish Bros. Coal Co., Philipsburg, operates Jefferson mines No. i and at Philipsburg. (See N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.) Irvona Coal & Coke Co., Philadelphia, op- crates Ir\ona mines Nos. 3, 5 and 10 at Blain City. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drifts. Ma- chine mines. Daily capacity 1,500 tons. Trade name "Irvona." Analysis on file. Kelly & Shadeck, Karthaus, operates Mos- quito Creek mine at Clearfield. Vein.* Thick- ness 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 70 to 100 tons. King Coal Mining Co.. Ltd., Madera, oper- ates King mine at Smith Mills. Vein "D" Moshannon. Thickness 2^ to 3 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 100 tons. Trade name "King Cole." Analysis on file. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 249 Mosier & Jose, La Jose, operates Wilson Run Mine. Vein "C." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Madera Hill Coal Mining Co., Clearfield, operates Clover Run mines Nos. i, 2 and 4 in Bell township. Veins "D" and "C." Thick- ness.* Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 600 tons. Mohawk Coal Co., New York, N. Y., oper- ates Beaver mine at Philipsburg. Vein "C" and "B." Thickness 2,y2 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 300 tons. Trade name "Mohawk." Analysis on file. Morrisdale Coal Co., The, Philadelphia, op- erates Morrisdale shafts Nos. i, 2 and 3 at Morrisdale mines. Vein "B." Thickness 4 ft. 10 in. shafts. Machine and pick mines. Daily capacity 2,500 tons. Trade name "Morris- dale Bituminous." Analysis on file. Moshannon Coal Mining Co., Osceola Mills, operates Moshannon mines Nos. i and 4 at Osceola Mills. Vein "D" Moshannon. Thick- ness 5 to 6 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily ca- pacity 600 tons. Trade name "Moshannon." Analysis on file. Same Company operates Moshannon mines Nos. 7, 8 and 9, electric Nos. i and 2, Lenore Nos. I and 2 Centre mine at Osceola Mills (SeeN. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.) Mountz & Co., S. J., Morann, operates Vi- ola mine at Janesville. Vein "B." Thickness IV2 ft. Slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 700 tons. Analysis on file. Same Company operates Whiteside mine No. I at Morann. Vein Moshannon. Thick- ness 2 ft. ID in. Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. Same Company operates Morann and Whiteside mine No. 2 at Morann. Vein Mo- shannon. Thickness 2 ft. 10 in. to 4J-2 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 100 tons. AIull, R. H., Philipsburg, operates Imperial mine No. i in Decatur township. Vein "D" Moshannon. Thickness 5 to 6j^ ft. Drift. Pick mines. Daily capacity 200 tons. Trade name "Imperial." .\nalysis on file. North Witmer Coal & Coke Co., Irvona, operates Wister Nos. i, 2 and 3. Veins "B" "D." Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 100 tons. Pemberton Coal Co., Altoona, operates Pemberton mines Nos. i and 2 at Osceola Mills. Vein "D" or Moshannon. Thickness 5>4 to 8 ft. Drifts. Pick mines. Daily ca- pacity 500 tons. Trade name "Pemberton." Analysis on file. Penfield Coal Co.. South Bethlehem, oper- ates mine at Penfield. Vein "B." Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 1. 000 tons. Analysis on file. Pine Hill Coal Co., Rosebud, operates mine at Rosebud. Vein "B." Thickness 4>^ ft. Drift and incline. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Red Jacket Coal Co., Philipsburg, operates Gearhart mine at Gearhartville. (See N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R.) Smith & Co., A., Dysart, operates Supe- rior mines Nos. i, 2 and 3 at Haverly. Vein "D." Thickness 3 ft. Drift and slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 200 tons. Analysis on file. Standard Moshannon Coal Co., Wil- liamsport, operates Standard Moshannon mine at Smoke Run. Vein Lower Freeport. Thickness 3>4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 300 tons. Sw-oope Coal Co., Madera, operates Eighteen mine at Madera. Vein "D" or * Not reported. 250 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Moshannon. Thickness 4 to 5 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 225 tons. Trade name "Eighteen." Analysis on file. Swoope & Co., H. B., Madera, operates Morgan Run miner at Madera. Vein "B." Thickness 4 fi. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capac- ity 300 tons. Trade name "Morgan Run." Analysis on file. Sylvania Coal Co., Madera, operates Syl- vania mine at Madera. Vein "B." Thick- ness 4 to 6 ft. Drift. Machine mine. Daily capacitly 600 tons. Analysis on file. Walker & Co., E. J., Brisbin, operates Troy mine No. i at Brisbin. Vein "B." Thickness 4 ft. Drift. Pick mine. Daily capac- ity 100 tons. Same company operates Stanley Colliery at Moran. Vein "D." Moshan- non. Thickness 5 ft. Slope. Pick mine. Daily capacity 200 tons. Analysis on file. Wilkinson, Roy, Philipsbnrg, operates Girard mine No. 3 at West Decatur. Vein "B." Thickness 3 ft. 8 in. Drift. Pick- mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Whitney Coal Co., Philadelphia, operates the Whitney mine, Ramey, Pa. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily ca- pacity 100 tons. Whitehead Coal Company, Osceola Mills, Operates Peerless i, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. Vein "B." Thickness.* Drifts. Pick mines. Daily capacity 500 tons. Woolridge Coal Co., Woodland, operates Union No. 6. Vein "D." Thickness.* Drift. Pick mine. Daily capacity 50 tons. Yorkshire Coal Mining Co., Madera, oper- ates Yorkshire mine at Banian Junction. Vein "B." Thickness 2>4 to 5 ft. Slope. Pick mine. Mine just developing. Philipsburg Railroad — (Penna. Lines.) Femwood Coal Co., Ramey, operates Mt. Vernon mine No. 10 at Fernwood. Vein Moshannon. Thickness 2>4 ft. Drift. Pick • mine. Daily capacity 150 tons. Analysis on file. ♦Not reported. CHAPTER XXII RELIGIOUS DEVELOPMENT Pioneer Clergy of the County — First Services of the Different Denominations — Early Churches and Meeting-houses — Growth of the Various Churches — Y. M. C. A. It is l)ut another proof of the wisdom of the sturdy pioneers of Clearfield county that, hand in hand with the educational, went the religious development. Among the pioneer clergy of the county, in addition to the missionaries of various de- nominations, whose names are mentioned in the earlier history of the county, the first preachers who held services in the county, of whose names we have been able to find any record, were : Bishop Onderdonk of the Protestant Episcopal church, who held services in 1832, and again in 1838 in the old Court House. The Rev. Tiffany Lord, rector of the Epis- copal church at Philipsburg in 1843, he'd occasional services in the Old Court House, also Rev. George W. Natt of Bellefonte made periodical visits to Clearfield, but the first regular Episcopal minister was Rev. William Clotworthy, who was sent to Clearfield in 1847. The first Presbyterian ministers were the Revs. William Stewart and Henry R. Wil- son, who preached in Clearfield in 1803 and for several years thereafter. Rev. John Hammond was the first Meth- odist preacher and he preached in Clear- field in 1822 long before there was any regu- lar church. The first Catholic services were held about 181 5 by the Rev. Fathers Hayden, Reilly and Leavey, and about 1830 the first Catholic church was built. Rev. G. Phillip Geulich, known as Father Geulich, was the first Lutheran preacher, preaching in Luthersburg in 1832. Rev. Samuel Miles was one of the first regular Baptist preachers, preaching in Clearfield about 1842. As is the case with most of these early dates, that of the first church in Clearfield county is a much disputed question. One early chronicler states that the first meeting house was built in 1809, on the site of Mc- Clure's cemetery in Pike township. A later writer just as emphatically declares that the first church in Clearfield county was built in 1822, although he agrees with the earlier writer as to its location. It is impossible to obtain any facts con- cerning the first house of worship, but as religious meetings were held at homes and in barns before any church building was erected, it is probable that this caused the confusion in dates. 251 252 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Such otlier facts as we have been able to gather concerning the early religious his- tory of our county are set down in the fol- lowing history of the different denomina- tions : Presbyterian — In the first history of Clearfield county, published in 1878, we find the following lines : "The first meeting house in Clearfield county was built in the year 1809 and was located at the site of McClure's cemetery. It was of the Presbyterian faith." To the members of this denomination, then, must be conceded the honor of hav- ing erected the first house of worship in our county. A church building was erected in Clear- field several years later, and one in Cur- wensville in 1826. These charges were ad- mitted to the Huntingdon Presbytery, which at that time had a total number of 558 communicants. There is now a church membership of 3,111 in this county, and nineteen church buildings. These statistics prove in a most convinc- ing manner the marvelous growth of this denomination, and the powerful and thriv- ing condition of the Presbyterian church in Clearfield county at the present time. Methodist Episcopal — Methodism in Clearfield county had its beginning as early as 1814, in the days of the Huntingdon cir- cuit. This circuit covered nearly three hun- dred miles, and included in its thirty charges those of Clearfield and Centre. The first church building was erected at the latter charge between 1828 and 1834, and Rev. John McEnally appointed its pas- tor. A "meeting house" was erected at Clear- field about 1839 and one at Curwensville, one in Bradford township and one in the Grampian Hills a few years later. From this time on, the Methodist Episco- pal faith grew rapidly in power, and the Clearfield county charges became part of the Altoona District of the Central Penn- sylvania Conference. At the present date there are twenty thriving Methodist Episcopal churches in Clearfield county, with a total membership of about 5,000. Baptist Church — An early historian of Clearfield county states that the first ser- mon preached in this county was preached by Rev. Charles Pinnock. a Baptist clergy- man. The oldest Baptist church in the county is the one at Curwensville, founded in 1836. The largest Baptist church in the county is the Zion church, which maintains four places of worship — Ansonville, Marion, Bell's Landing and Kerrnioor. There are in all fourteen Baptist churches in the county. Clearfield county is not a Baptist strong- hold ; but commendable progress is being made, and only one church now reports a smaller membership than it did ten years ago. The average annual rate of increase is three per cent. There are today one- third more Baptists in Clearfield county than there were ten years ago. Evangelical Lutheran Church (English) — In the year 1832, Father Phillip Geulich, called the "Father of Lutheranism," in Clearfield county, began to preach monthly to the people of Luthersburg. in Brady township. Ten years later a Union church 1 ii\ AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 255 was built by the German Lutherans and Reformers, and services were held there by all branches of the Lutheran faith. In 1S45 the first English Evangelical Lutheran church in the county was built near Luth- ersburg. Since that time this denomination has grown greatly in membership, and there are now about twenty-two English Evangelical Lutheran churches in Clearfield county. They are united with the x\llegheny Synod. The Catholic Church — As early as 1815, priests of the Roman Catholic church visited this county for the purpose of saying mass for the few members of that faith who re- sided here. But it was not until 1830 that a church building was erected at Clearfield. Some years later, about 1841, another Cath- olic church was built at Frenchville. These were the only Catholic churches in the county for many years but when the min- eral resources of the county began to be mined, a foreign population, largely of the Catholic faith, came into this region, includ- ing many Greek Catholics. Since that time the number of the Catho- lics has steadily increased, until they have a membership of about twenty thousand, and thirty church edifices. Protestant Episcopal Church — Although services were held in this county as early as 1832, no regular organization of the Protes- tant Episcopal church was made until 1849, when a church of that faith was established at Clearfield. In 185 1 a church building was erected, and named St. Andrews. For many years, this was the only Protestant Episcopal church in the county, but in 1884, two more churches were built — one at DuBois and one at Houtzdale. Although the growth of the denomina- tion has been very gradual its members are noted for their devotion and loyalty to their faith. Society of Friends — The first meeting of this Society in the county was held at the home of James Moore, in Penn township, m 1813. Several years later a school-house was built in the vicinity, and here the Friends met for worship until 1824, when a meeting-house was built on a lot donated by James Moore. In 1833 this meeting was regularly established as a monthly meeting by Warrington Monthly Meeting in York county, and the name West Branch was now two Friends meeting-- There are houses in the county — one on the original lot near the town of Grampian, and one in Curwensville, built in 1878. African Methodist Episcopal Church — There are but two churches of this de- nomination in Clearfield county — one at Curwensville and one at Clearfield. The total membership of these two churches is thirty-two. Although they are few in num- ber they are strong in faith and untiring in their efforts to promote Christianity among their people. United Brethren Church. — This church has a large membership in various parts of Clear- field county. One of the earliest churches of this denom- ination was the Shiloh church, organized in 1847. The services of this church were held in Shiloh school-house until 1886, when a large church building was erected. 256 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY There are several other churches of this faith in the eastern townships of the county, and the total membership is very large. German Reformed Church. — Brady town- ship, with its large German population, is the stronghold of all branches of the Lutheran faith, and the Gennan Reformed Church in Clearfield county had its beginning in that lo- cality. In 1842 the German Lutherans and the members of the Reformed church com- bined forces, and erected a Union church, three miles from Luthersburg. But in 1851 these two congregations could no longer agree, and in 1853, the Refonners erected a church of their own. A Reformed church was built in DuBois in 1883, and another in Huston township in 1884. The membership of the denomination is local, confined almost entirely to the north- western section of the county. Other Religious Denominations. — There are several other religious denominations in Clearfield county, the memberships of which are too small to support regular churches. .\mong these are the Dunkards, the Meth- odist Protestants and the Menonites. The Primitive Methodists, though not large in membership, have several churches through- out the county. The Salvation Army supports two barracks in the county — one at DuBois and one at Clearfield. YOUNG men's CHRISTI.^N ASSOCIATIONS There are three Young Men's Christian As- sociations in the county, one at Clearfield and two at DuBois. The Clearfiield Young Men's Christian As- sociation was incorporated February nth, 1903. The officers at the time of organiz- ation were as follows: President, \V. D. Bigler; Vice Presidents, H. B. Powell and A. B. Reed; Secretary, H. E. Trout ; Treasurer, Andrew Harwick ; General Secretary, S. W. Smith. The association owns its building, situ- ated on Second street in a fine location, near the center of the business portion of the town. The building is well equipped with sleeping rooms, a fine bowling alley, a swimming tank, gymnasium, and assembly room. The association has about one hundred and fifty members and the present officers are as follows : President, Hon. A. O. Smith ; Vice Pres- idents, H. B. Powell, George R. Bigler; General Secretary, H. F. Beck ; Recording Secretary, William Bigler; Treasurer, A. Harwick; Assistant Treasurer, R. I. Fulton. Directors — Hon. A. O. Smith, C. T. Kurtz, A. Harwick. W. I. Betts. J. B. Xev- ling, W. P. Sheeder, Geo. R. Bigler, Wil- liam Bigler, A. B. Reed, James Mitchell, J. L. GilliJand, A. K. W'right. H. B. Powell, A. O. Campbell. F. B. Kerr. R. B. Thomp- son. Alfred Graham, Raymond C. Ogden, A. J. Musser, D. B. Lucas, C. B. Porter, Hugh Woodward. Scott McKelvy. Trustees — Thomas H. Murray, C. W. Smith, F. B. Row, H. J. Flegal, B. F. Chase, W. C. Miller. The DuBois Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation was incorporated Xo\ember 5th, 1894. Austin Blakslee is the president of the As- sociation and it has a board of directors, composed of prominent business men of DuBois. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 257 The Association occupies a desirable building, well equipped for its purposes and it has about two hundred members at the present time. The Buffalo, Rochester and Pittsburg Rail- way Young Men's Christian Association was organized by the officials of the Bufifalo, Rochester & Pittsburg Railway Company in order to furnish a suitable place of rec- reation and rest for their employees in and about DuBois. The Railway Company has been very liberal in the support (if the Institution. The Association has a ^ne building, well equipped with the neceskary facilities for carrying on its work. R. L. Bogardus is the secretary. The Association now has several hundred mem- bers. CHAPTER XXIII THE TOWNSHIPS Sketches of the Different toz<.'itshif>s — When erected — Boundaries — Population — Occupation of the Inhabitants, etc. BECCARIA TOWNSHIP This Township is situated in the southern part of the county, having for its southern boundary the dividing hne between Clearfield and Cambria counties, and being bounded on the east by Gulich Township, west by Chest and Jordan Townships and north by Bigler Township. This township was one of the earliest set- tled in the County, but was not created into a township until 1807. It was named in honor of the distinguished Marquis DeBeccaria. The township was erected by a decree of the Court of Centre County to which county Clear- field County was attached at that time for ju- dicial puq^oses. The principal industries of the townsliip arc the mining of bituminous coal and agriculture. The population, according to the census of 19 TO was 3,095. The first settler in this township was un- doubtedly Captain Edward Ricketts. an old Revolutionary soldier, who in the latter part of 1798 or the spring of 1799, in company with a party of Indians, came to the place now known as Keaggy's Dead W^ater, on Clear- field Creek. His first stay was brief, but he subsequently returned, bringing with him his wife. He died not long after his settlement here, partly from the hardships he had en- dured and partly from an injury received while hunting. It is believed that he was not only the first settler in Beccaria township, but also in Clearfield county. In 1801 he was fol- lowed into the wilderness by his sons James and Edward, the former of whom afterward moved to what is now the site of Utah- ville. In 1830 when the township was erected it was so thickly covered with timber — chietly pine, hemlock and oak — that few pioneers were hardy enough to attempt a settlement. Many after a brief stay, allowed their lands to be sold for taxes and moved to other locations. The few uho remained permanently, however, in lime reaped a rich reward, or at least laid the foundation of an abundant prosperity for their descendants. Such among the pioneers were John Cree, the Carsons, James Ray, the Turners, John Hegarty, John and James Gill. Henry Dillen, Joseph Leonard, James McNeal, Edwin and James Ricketts and Samuel Smiley, all of whom paid taxes on farm land in 1810-12. The first, or one of the first roads in the township was cut across the mountain to Ty- rone in 1813. This was for hauling shingles, the first product of the cut timber. About this time also the first saw-mills were erected, Samuel Turner putting up a saw-and grist-mill on Turner Run. Square timber then sold at 258 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 259 five and six cents per cubic foot, and the best pine boards brought but $6 or $7 per thousand. The first church was built at Mt. Pleasant, or Utahville, as it is now called, in 1813, though the township then had less than 75 in- habitants. It was of the Baptist denomina- tion and Dr. John Keaggy was its first pastor. This same Dr. Keaggy during the week was engaged in medical practice. He was killed by a fall from a horse in 18 19. In the next year after the building of the church the first schoolhouse was built, on the site of the building later known as the "Wil- liams schoolhouse." It was of course a log structure and had a clapboard roof. In 1810 John Gill made the first opening of bituminous coal in this township, discovering a vein 14 inches thick, which he used for black- smith purposes. Other veins were soon opened, Samuel Hagerty making the first opening for shipping purposes. Other inter- ests of the township — its transportation facil- ities, its boroughs, etc., will be found treated of under their respective headings, in other chapters of this volume. BELL TOWNSHIP. This township was organized by a decree of Court on May 4th, 1835. It is situated in the extreme western end of the county, having for its western boundary part of the dividing line between Jefferson and Clearfield Counties, and part of the dividing line between Indiana and Clearfield Counties. It is bounded on the north by Brady and on the east by Penn and Greenwood Townships and on the south by Burnside and Chest Townships. The princi- pal occupation of the inhabitants of this Town- ship is agriculture, although in the last few years some coal operations have been opened up in the township. The population, according to the census of 19 10 was 1682. The township is well watered by various streams, chief among which are Chest Creek, which enters the township on the southeast and discharges its waters at or near the bor- ough of Mahaffey, on the south or southeast side of the river; North Run and Deer Run, which discharge their waters therein from the south; and Snyder Run, a small tributary of Chest Creek. The streams discharging into the river on the north side are Bear Run, Whiskey Run, Millers Run, and Laurel Run, all of which are small tributaries. The north- ern part of the township is drained by the head- waters of the east branches of the Mahoning, while Curry's Run has its source in the north- east part of the township. Bell township was settled somewhat slowly, as the tide of emigration came from the coun- try down the river, and from the east and northeast, and it was moreover somewhat dis- tant from the county seat. When the natural advantages of the location near the mouth of Chest Creek became better known, however, settlers came in abundance and today their la- bors and those of their descendants are visible in the present thriving borough of Mahaffey. The pioneer of the township was Johannes Ludwig Snyder, a Revolutionary veteran, who came to this country with his father's family about the time of the French and Indian war. Coming from Lewisburg about 1820, he set- tled on lands on Chest Creek. He died in i860 at the remarkable age of 115 years. His wife, it is said, lived to the age of 108 — a truly, venerable couple. He was followed soon after by John Smith, 260 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY who built the first schoolhouse about 1827 or 1828, it being succeeded in 1835 by a more pretentious building. Samuel Sunderlin and family came about 1823, having previously resided in Union county. His improvement was made on the river above the site occupied by McGee's. He was a sterling citizen and the first class leader of the M. E. church. The McGees, \Vetzels and Johnsons came in 1826, the Rev. James McGee coming from Center county. He erected a saw-mill and later a grist mill and in course of time made many substantial improvements in the town- ship, in which example he was followed by the younger member of the family. He died in 1855. Later settlers were John Weaver, Peter Smith, William Ramsey, Thomas Campbell and Nathaniel Sabins. The last mentioned, who came in 1831. was the Nimrod of the set- tlement and many stories are still extant of his prowess in hunting. Mr. Campbell was on the first school directors after the organization of the township in 1835. his son, James A. Campbell being a successful teacher. Another old settler was .A^saph Ellis, who came about 1835, built a saw-mill on the river and engaged in lumbering. He was the first justice of the peace elected after the township was formed. The Bell family were the pioneers in the upper part of the county. Arthur Bell, Sr., was undoubtedly the second pioneer adven- turer up the West Branch, following Daniel Ogden, whom he assisted in the erection of his cabin. He was known as Squire Bell, being commissioned a justice of the peace by Gov. Thomas McKean. The township was named for A. Bell, Esq., and his son. Greenwood. There was no church edifice in Bell township until the year i860, when the Methodist Epis- copal society erected a house of worship. Their society had been formed, however, as early as 1830. The Protestant Methodists were also organized about that year, their early services being held in the house of John Weaver. Mention of the borough of Mahaffey will be found in the succeeding chapter of this volume. BIGLER TOWNSHIP This township is of recent formation, having been erected by a decree of court in 1883. The township was named in honor of Hon. Wil- liam Bigler, a former Governor of Pennsyl- vania and who was a citizen of Clearfield County. The history of its early settlement is contained in the histories of Beccaria, Geu- lich, Knox and Woodward townships, from which it was formed. The township is bounded on the north by Knox and Woodward Townships, on the east by parts of Woodward and Geulich Townships, on the south by parts of Geulich and Beccaria Townships and on the west by parts of Bec- caria and Jordan Townships. The principal business of the township is the mining of bituminous coal, which is carried on on a very large scale, the principal opera- tions being at Madera, in Bigler Township. This place, situated on the east side of Clear- field Creek, was originally called Puseyville after Charles Pusey who owned a large part of the lands upon which the town is built. The population, according to the census of 1910 was 4013. BLOOM TOWNSHIP. This township was erected by a decree of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 261 court, dated January 14, i860 and was formed from parts of Penn, Pike, Brady and Union townships. This township is bounded on the north by Union Township, on the east by Pike Township, on the south by Penn Township and on the west by part of Brady Township. The principal occupation of the people of Bloom Township is agriculture. The popu- lation, according to the census of 1910, was 451- The township was named in honor of one of its pioneer families, and the descendants of William Bloom are now scattered by hundreds all over the county and in various states. Its surface is generally hilly and mountainous. It is watered by Anderson and Little Anderson Creeks, the former flowing in a generally southeast direction through the eastern and northeastern part of the township, the latter being a tributary stream. The settlement of the township was slow, owing chiefly to its distance from the river, and also because it was heavily wooded, neces- sitating much labor in the clearing of farms. Among its first settlers were Isaac Rodden, who settled on lands along the line of the turn- pike in 181 5, and who had a numerous fam- ily. He was a man noted for his ceremonious transaction of business. James Bloom, son of William Bloom, the pioneer, was a prominent man in the affairs of the township and was an associate judge of the county. He was pro- prietor of the "Forest House," on the "pike," and also postmaster, his place being a post of- fice station. Jonathan Taylor, a blacksmith, was another pioneer, who lived for a time on the site on which the Forest house was built. He had a large family. Another man of large family was James McWilliams, who came about the same time, and lived about a mile south of the hotel. He was a great hunter and kept a num- ber of dogs of various kinds. John Ellinger settled in the eastern part of the township, coming from Brady. He was still living at an advanced age in 1887. Tlie turnpike to which reference has been made was the Susquehanna and Waterford Turnpike road, incorporated in 18 18. It was not long in use, however, being superseded by others. An- other turnpike company was incorporated in 1828 and was known as the Snow Shoe and Packersville Turnpike Co. The town of Packersville, now- extinct, was named after Isaac Packer, a person of some prominence in the early days in this region. He built and operated a hotel at this place, which was torn down about 1777 by Henr>' Reams. John Neeper was the second proprietor of the hotel. Henry Reams was the first class leader of the Methodist Episcopal church, to which belonged also the families of Squire Smith, Joseph Whit- more, William Henry and others. The Methodist Protestants also held early meetings in the "Greenville" schoolhouse, James Cleary, who officiated for a time as a preacher, being a leading member of the so- ciety. Other members of this society were John Ellinger, John Bilger, Isaac Thompson (a local preacher), George Leech and others. The United Brethren, Baptists and Dunkards have also at different times mustered some strength in the township, but in view of the total population of the township, none of these societies have at any time been large or pow- erful. The township has adequate schools with effi- cient teachers, being as well provided for in this respect as any other township, in propor- tion to its size. The inhabitants are quiet and 262 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY orderly and as a whole represent a good class of citizenship. BOGGS TOWNSHIP This township is situated in the eastern part of the County and is bounded on the north by Bradford and Lawrence Townships, east by Graham and Morris Townships and a part of Decatur Township, south by Decatur and Woodward Townships and a part of Knox Township, and west by Knox and Lawrence Townships. The townsliip is about nine and one-half miles from east to west by four and one-half miles from nortli to south. It was erected by a decree of court in 1838; the exact date cannot be given, because the original pa- pers have been lost or mislaid in the protliono- tary's office. The principal occupation of the inhabitants of this township is agriculture. The popula- tion, according to the census of 1910, was 1 1 54. The earlier history of Boggs township be- longs to Bradford township, of which it was formerly a part. George Shimmel made a set- tlement on lands about half a mile from the present borough of Wallaceton in the year 1810. In the same year ^Wr Shimmel began clearing a farm on the old State road, near the point known as Maple Springs. Henry Shim- mel, another member of the same family, began improvements in the same year. Henry Folk began a clearing in the forest on the present site of Wallaceton in 1813. be- ing the pioneer in this work. In the same year Abraham Hess came from York county, set- tling on the east side of Clearfield creek. An- other pioneer of 1813 was Nimrod Derrick, who made a clearing on the old State road. Abraham Lits also began improvements in the same year on the banks of Clearfield creek, as also did George Wilson. The following year, 1814, saw the advent of Andrew Kephart and Jacob Haney, who be- gan clearing land on the old State road, George Wilson in the same year building a saw-mill near the mouth of Long Run. The first tavern in tlie township was built by Alexander Stone in 1820, on the line of the old Erie turnpike, William Lamadue building another on the pike about the same time, which would seem to indicate that there was then a fair amount of travel over the pike. The Millwood farm was matle in 1S20 on the road leading from Philipsburg to Clear- field, the road, however, not having yet been built : and in the following year Bresaler's tavern, on the Erie turnpike, was built. In 181 5 the Elder saw-mills and carding- machine were erected near the mouth of Little Clearfield Creek, and began operation. Abra- ham Elder's saw-mill, located a .short distance from Blue Ball, was built in 1828. The saw- mill of Jerry Smeal, at Blue Ball, was built in 1838. These were the most important settle- ments and improvements made before the erec- tion of the township. The first election was held in 1838. with the following result : Supervisors, William Lamadue and Abraham Hess; constable, Geo. McCord: overseers, Jacob Haney and John Beers; school directors, George Wilson, George Turner, George Goss, George Shimmel, John L. Gearhart and Abraham Hess. In 1839 the township had a population of less than 225 persons. In 1840 Warren's saw-mill was built on Laurel Run. In 1860 Thompson's grist-mill was built on Morgan Run. The surface of Boggs township is hilly and AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 263 rough, though it has less of the mountainous formation than may be found in some other locaHties in the county. The chief stream is Clearfield Creek, which forms the western boundary for a few miles, and which has a number of tributaries, the northern one of these being Long Run. Morgan Run is prob- ably the largest tributary of Cleai-field Creek- lying within the township, and as the lands ad- jacent have produced fine timber, many saw- mills have been erected on it. Other streams watering the township are Camp Hope Run, Sanborn Run and Raccoon Run. all of which discharge into Clearfield Creek. Boggs township is amply supplied with good schools and teachers. Several church socie- ties are represented, the United Brethren building their first church edifice in 1848, about two miles west of Walla cetown borough, from which parent society several others have since grown. The borough of Wallaceton will be found treated of in the succeeding chapter. BRADFORD TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the court of Centre County made at August Ses- sions, 1807, Clearfield County being at that time attached to Centre County for judicial purposes. The township was named Bradford in honor of former surveyor-general. William Bradford of Pennsylvania. The township is bounded on the north by parts of Goshen Township and Girard Township, east by Graham Township, south by Boggs Township and west by Law- rence Township and part of Goshen Township. Many of the people of Bradford Township are employed in the fire brick works at Wood- land and Mineral Spring, and in addition to this industry, the principal business is farming. The population of the township, according to the census of 1910, was 2250. The course of the West Branch of the Sus- quehanna river, which separates this township on the north from Goshen and Girard town- ships, is very tortuous and winding. Clear- field Creek passes on the west side, just touch- ing the township and dividing it at that point from Lawrence. The largest stream having its course within the township is Roaring Run, which drains the whole southern and south- west portion and has several tributaries, name- ly Fork Valley Run and Forcey's Run, on the north, and Jake's Run on the south. The streams discharging their waters directly into the river are Abe's Run, Devil's Run, Millstone Run, Bear Run and Moravian Run. the last mentioned, however, running but a short dis- tance through the township. Grafiius's Run is a tributary of Moravian Run. The surface of the land generally is very hilly, but not mountainous, some of the best producing lands being classed as "hill fanns." The population of the township, as origin- ally laid out, did not exceed, in all probability, 175 persons. There were 34 ta.xable inhabit- ants in 1809, besides three single fretmen. At that time there was neither saw nor grist mill in the entire township. The year 1812 showed a slight decrease in the number of taxables. Many whose names appeared on the early rolls resided in that part of Bradford, which was subsec|uently erected into the townships of De- catur, Morris and Boggs, among them being Robert Ross, formerly of Huntingdon county, who settled about 181 2 on the river, above the mouth of Trout Run. Many of his de- scendants are still living in this and other townships. Matthew Forcey came to Bradford from old 264 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Chincleclainousche township, settling south of Clearfield town in the year 1804, and in Brad- ford about 1813 or 1814. His descendants have been numerous and some have been very prominent in the business life of the county. Among other early settlers were Robert Gra- ham, who came in 181 1 from Lawrence town- ship; Jacob Hoover, who settled in the eastern part of the township; two by the name of Samuel Turner, one coming in 181 2 and the other in 1824; the Hurd family, who settled early in the eastern part of the township; John Dale, a liatter, who sulisequently lived on the Hurd place; John Kyler, who located on the Susquehanna pike, between Wallaceton and Bigler; Absalom Pierce, who was the as- sessor of the township in 1812 and who lived in the vicinity of Bigler station; John Wool- ridge, a native of England, who located on the Cleai-field road, about two and a half miles from Woodland: John Shirey, who settled in the Graham neighborhood; Richard Shaw, a pioneer of the Mt. Joy Ridges; David Wilson, who owned a farm adjoining Graham's ; Archie Campbell. John Stewart, the Graffiusses, May- hews, the Burges and others. Owing to the numerous streams and the growth of the lumber industry, Bradford town- ship lands were taken up very rapidly about and subsequent to 1820. Numerous saw-mills appeared and the locality of Grahamton became thickly settled and manufactories were built there, largely through the enteqjrise of the Graham family. The construction also of the Tyrone and Clearfield Railroad gave rise to the towns of Woodland and Bigler, in the for- mer of which places the Woodland Fire Brick Company established an extensive plant. The township is well provided with churches and schools, the Methodists, Presbyterians and United Brethren being especially represented among the religious population. BRADY TOWNSHIP. This township was named in honor of Cap- tain Samuel Brady, a noted Indian fighter and a mighty hunter. The township was organ- ized in 1826 and is situated in the northwest corner of the county and about 2000 feet above the sea level. It is bounded on the north by Sandy Town- ship on the east by Union and Bloom Town- ships, on the south by part of Penn Township and Bell Township and on the West by part of the dividing line betw-een Jefferson and Clearfield Counties. The surface is somewhat hilly with a gentle slope to the westward and lliere are many excellent springs, some of which are mineral. There is considerable coal development in the township but the principal business of its inhabitants is agriculture. Much valuable timber was destroyed in the process of clearing the farms. The popula- tion, according to the census of 1910 was 2823. The township is traversed by the B., R. & P. and the B. & S. Railroads. The first white settler of this township was James Woodside. a native of Chester county, Pa. He located on a tract of land situated on the head waters of Stump Creek, which was surveyed to him in July, 1785, which was known as the "Woodside" and later as the Luther place. Here for twenty-two years he had no neighbors but the Red men of the for- est. He was then cheered by the advent of a new white settler, Joab Ogden, who located a mile further down the creek — this was in 1807, on the spot which afterwards became the site of Carlisle station on the B. R. & P. Rail- road. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 265 In 1812 George, Michael and Frederick Scheffer settled on Sandy Lick Creek, George locating on land that is now a part of the site of DuBois. Fred and Michael located a few miles further up the creek. James, Benjamin and Thomas Carson came in 18 14. In 1820 Lebbeus Luther, a native of Massachusetts, bought and settled on a tract of land located where Luthersburg now stands, the place being named after him. He was ap- pointed by Messrs. Fox & Co., who owned thousands of acres in this section, as agent to dispose of their lands. He made his first sale to Benjamin Bonsall, who came from Perry county in 1824. About this time also Freder- ick Zeigler, came from Center county and set- tled on what was later known as the "Thomp- son" place. Mr. Bonsall was appointed first justice of the peace after the organization of the township in 1826. John Carlisle, who came from Lebanon coun- ty, was another settler on the site of Luthers- burgh. In 1830 Jacob Kuntz, a native of Germany, settled near where the Reformed church was later erected. The year 183 1 saw the advent of the Knarrs, Weisgerbers, Wingerts, Korbs, and Yoases, Jacob Trautwein coming in the following year. These settlers were soon fol- lowed by many others, whose names we have not space to record. Many of these early set- tlers "squatted" on land — that is, took posses- sion of it, without knowing to whom it be- longed, and by keeping undisputed possession of it for 21 years became the lawful owners. The first mill in the township was Ogden's (near Carlisle Station). Two famous hunters among the early settlers were Fred Zeigler and "Uncle Billy" Long. Another excellent marksman was Lebbeus Luther. All these men could tell great hunting stories and, as game was exceedingly plentiful, did not have to draw much on their imagination, as modern Nimrods are so often accused of doing. Luthersburgh was the first post oflice es- tablished in Brady township, dating back to the completion of the turnpike about 1820. David Irvin was the first postmaster. Trout- ville postoiifice was established in 1857 to 1858, the first postmaster being Jacob Kuntz. The town had been laid out three years previous to this time, and was named, it is said, by Rev. John Reams, in honor of Jacob Trautwein, the name as finally adopted being a contraction of Trautweinville, which was found to be incon- veniently long. Joab Ogden built the first grist mill in the township, some time previous to 1830, though the exact date is not now known. About 1849-50 Jacob Kuntz built a grist mill on East Branch (of Mahoning) a mile and a half south of Troutville; this was later known as Rishel's mill. In 1854 Jeremiah built a .steam and water-power grist mill on the head waters of Stump creek, two wiles west of Luthersburgh. It was subsequently operated by his son Sam- uel, and afterwards passed through various hands. The first saw-mill was built, it is said, by Fred Zeigler between 1824 and 1830, Jesse Line's saw-mill being subsequently erected on the same site. The second saw-mill was built by Jeremiah Miles, it being later known as Zeigler's mill. The first minister who preached in Brady township was a Rev. Mr. Anderson, who came about 1822, and held services in the bar-room of Luther's tavern. He was a Presbyterian. In 1827 came Rev. David Kennison, being sent by the Baltimore conference of the Methodist 266 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Episcopal church ; lie also preached in the tav- ern at Luthersburgh. About tlie same time came Rev. John AUhaus, a Reformed minis- ter from Armstrong county, who made occa- sional visits preaching to the German settlers. These early pastors and others who soon fol- lowed them were the men who organized the religious element of the township and laid the foundation of the moral and religious devel- opment and thriving church societies that exist today in the township, and which in union with good schools, have had so much to do in mould- ing the character of its inhabitants. BURNSIDE TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of court May 4th, 1835, and the township was named Burnside in honor of Hon. Thomas Burnside, the President Judge of the Courts of this county and the other counties then com- posing the Fourth Judicial District. The town- ship is situated in the extreme southwestern corner of the county. It is bounded on the north by Bell Township, on the east by Chest Township, on the south by part of the dividing line between Cambria and Clearfield counties and on the west by part of the dividing line between Indiana and Clearfield counties. The principal occupation of the people of this township is agriculture. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 1435. The whole extent of tliis township was once covered with many varieties of timber — pine and hemlock, together with oak, chestnut, sugar maple, ash, beech and cherry. About 1827 the early settlers commenced to hew and nm rafts of pine timber to market at Marietta, below Harrisburg. In later years it was cut into saw-logs and driven to the booms at Lock Haven and W'illiamsport, where it was manu- facturetl. The first settler was James Gallaher, who came in 1816, when Burnside was part,' of Beccaria township. He held the office of jus- tice of the peace and was legal authority for all the neighborhood for many years. He was a tall active man and retained his faculties to a great age. He died in 1854 aged ninety- five. Caleb Bailey came about 1820 and made a small impro\ement and patented about 400 acres of land two miles east of Burnside. He removed in 1826 to Union township. He died about 1886. George Atchison, it is said, settled on the river bank above Burnside, in 1820, when there was no neighbor nearer than New Washing- ton. He was bom in County Roscommon, Ireland, about 1792, and came to this country to avoid prosecution for poaching under the oppressive game laws of his native land. He was a man of strong character, who did much to mould public opinion in the community in which he had cast his lot. He was a strong anti-slavery man and one of the conductors of the "Underground Railroad." He left the Methodist church and united with the W'es- leyan Methodists, because he would not recog- nize the fellowship of slave holders. He died at Ciierry Tree after the Civil war. Among later settlers were Samuel McKeehan, John Byers with sons Lemuel, John, Samuel and George, with daughter Helen, who married John Mahaffey; Jacob Lee, who came from Center county in 1822, whose house was an early preaching place for the Methodists; Hugh Riddle, a native of County Down, Ire- land, who came to America in 1798, at the time of the Irish Rebellion, and who married Re- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 267 becca Lee; David Fulton, from Center county, who settled in 1823 along the river, below the upper Burnside bridge (he was a tailor by trade and died in 1874 aged 87 years) ; John Westover, John Rorabaugh, David Mitchell, Joseph Hutton (1826), John King, Jacob Neff (1828), Christopher and Henry Neff and others. The first preaching in the township was in Mr. Gallaher's cabin, in 1822, by Rev. John Bowen, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. Members of the Evangelical church held meetings at an early day at the home of the Breths — Henry Adam and Peter — who came from Alsace, Gennany. Camp meetings were held by this society for many years after An account of the boroughs of Burnside and New Washington will be found in the succeed- ing chapter of this volume. CHEST TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of court dated October i6th, 1826. It is situ- ated in the southwestern part of the County and is bounded on the north by parts of Green- wood and Bell Townships, on the east by Fer- guson and Jordan Townships and part of Bec- caria Township, on the south by part of the dividing line between Cambria and Clearfield Counties and on the west by Burnside Town- ship. It is one of the oldest townships in the County. The principal occupation of the inhabitants at the present time is farming. The popula- tion of the township, according to the census of 19 10 was 872. Among the early settlers of this township were Daniel Snider and Lewis Snider, Jr., and Sebastian and Jacob Snider, John Rorabaugh, Jr., William Ramsay, John Lees, Henry Ross, Jacob P. Lingafelter, John Smith, James Mc- Ghee, Cyrus Thurstin, Elias Hurd, George Smith, Gilbert and Thomas Tozier, B. Tozier, David Rorabaugh, William Carson and Sal- mon T. Tozier, Joseph Michael, Nathaniel N. Sabin and Christopher Rorabaugh. Valuable timber was found by the early set- tlers, and upon a market being opened, the greater part of it was cut and floated down to market. The settlers in Chest township mainly devoted their attention to fanning, the growth of the villages being "slow but sure." The year 1887 saw the advent of the rail- road, in the extension of Bell's Gap Railroad from Irvona, in Clearfield county, to Punxa- lawney, in Jefferson county, by the Clearfield & Jefferson Railroad Company. A branch of the Pennsylvania Railroad now traverses the western part of the township in an almost northerly and southerly direction. From the southern boundary, through the whole length of the township, and to the north- western corner, flows Chest Creek, which has its source in Cambria county. Situated on this creek were some of the oldest lumber camps in the township. The creek is usually tortuous, and the difficulties attendant upon the float- ing of rafts on its waters, resulted in the sud- ren death of many an old time raftsman. Upon the banks of Chest creek, near the northern boundary of the county, a settlement was made in early days which was first called Hurd's Post office, deriving its name from the Hurd family which lived in the vicinity, and where the first dwelling was erected by Henry Hurd. This town was incorporated in 1885 as Newburg borough, and further notice of it may be found in the chapter on Boroughs, which follows the present chapter. In the same 268 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY chapter may also be found a notice of the other flourishing borough of Westover. COVINGTON TOWNSHIP This townsliip was erected by a decree of the Court of yuarter Sessions of Centre County, to which Clearfield County was at that time attached for judicial purposes, at April Ses- sions 1H17. The Township is situated in the iXorliieastern part of the County and is bounded on the north b)' part of the dividing line between the counties of Cambria and Clearfield, east by Karthaus Township, south by Cooper and Graham Townships and west by Girard Township. This township was largely settled by people of French descent, the principal occupation of its people has been agriculture and the township contains some of the finest farms in Clearfield County. Its population, according to the census of 1 9 10 was 649. Tile surface of Covington township is hilly, broken and irregular. The township is well watered and drained, — on the south by the West Branch and its tributaries, Sandy Creek, Mowry's Run and Rock Run. Sandy is a stream of considerable size and has Bigleman Run as its main tributary, besides a number of smaller ones. Mosquitij Run forms the drain- age system for the whole northern part of the township, and has been an important factor in the lumbering trade of the upper region. Along the banks of Sandy Run are many fine farms. This stream has also been utilized for water purposes by many saw-mills. In 1817 Covington township had not over 80 inhabitants. The list of its taxable inhab- itants in that year shows but seventeen names, and of these two were single freemen. They were as follow s : Jonathan Deckion, Freder- ick Geisenhainer, John Hanson, Jacob Michael, John Peters, Andrew Peters, Hugh Rider, William Russell, John Rider, Frederick Rider, Michael Rider, George Rider, J. F. W. Schnars, John Troutman, Harmon Young, the single freemen being John Neff and Michael Rider. Some of the above mentioned were residents of that part of Covington which was set off to the formation of Karthaus township in 1841. While the earliest settlements in the town- ship were made by the above mentioned per- sons, no active steps were taken towards im- provements, and no material growth in popu- lation was accomplished until some twelve or fifteen years later, at which time the French settlements were begun. One John Keating owned an extensive tract of land both in Clearfield and Clinton coun- ties, which he offered for sale. The first per- sons to locate on this land, as near as can be ascertained, were Nicholas Roussey and Irene Plubel, who took up lands in the year 1830. They w-ere followed in this vicinity by Francis Courdriet, in 183 1, and also by Claude !■". Rc- naud in the same year. Coudriet became a prominent person in the township and acquired a large estate. Soon after came many other French settlers, among them Peter Mulson, Hyacinthe Mignot, Francis Hugueney, Stephen Hugueney, Peter Brenool, Augustus Gaulin, John B. Fournier, P. Bergey, Alphonso Le- conte, and others. These French immigrants were, of course, unable to speak English, but were accompanied l)y an agent, Jacon Weis- kopf. The central point of settlement was in the neighborhood of Frenchville, by which name the locality has always since been distin- guished. Since the date of the French settle- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 269 ment many other immigrants have arrived — French, German and American. Among the early lumber men were Bigler & Powell of Clearfield, Leon M. Coudriet, Au- gustus and Alphonso Leconte. Francis La- Motte built a saw-mill on the Keating lands on Sandy Creek about 1837, and afterwards erected a grist-mill a short distance further down the creek. As help was scarce at that time, his daughters went to work in the mills, and, it is said, turned out both excellent lum- ber and flour. The property afterwards passed into the hands of the Coudriets. Francis Coudriet built a grist-mill on Sandy about the year 1864. It was supplied with two run of French burr stones of fine quality. The property was purchased by Leon Coudriet at the time of his father's death. Another saw-mill was built on Sandy by Claude Bar- mont about 1845 and afterwards became the property of F. F. Coudriet. The Picard mill. one of the pioneer industries of the township, was built on Sandy Creek by John J. Picard, and was subsequently sold to Leon M. Cou- driet. The firm of L. M. Coudriet & Co. also had another saw-mill built on Sandy, on tract No. 1 89 1, and above this stood the saw-mill of Liegiey & Beauseigneur. * In 1839 Alphonso Leconte built a sawmill on tract 1892, it sub- sequently becoming the property of Augustus Leconte. Another pioneer industry of the township was the Flood mill, at the mouth of Sandy Creek, which was builtt when lumbering was in its infancy. One Lutz had an early interest in it, but it afterwards passed into the hands of Lawrence Flood. One of the first merchants of Covington was Mr. Alexander, who established a store near Frenchville about 1837. He was succeeded by the Maurers, who were in turn succeeded by Levi Lutz and others. A schoolhouse was established near French- ville about 1838, and it was followed by others at JMulsonburg, Fairmount, Mignot, Union and other places. The French settlers have always shown a disposition to educate themselves in English, rather than in their mother tongue, though French has been occasionally taught in the parochial school. The Rev. Father Leavey was the first priest in the township and said mass at the house of Irene Plubel. He was followed by other missionary priests, Father Oriack coming in 1841-42. About this time or soon after a log church was erected, which subsequently gave place to a more commodi- ous structure — a substantial stone edifice, a few rods north of the Clearfield and Karthaus road. The Evangelical Lutheran church was built at Keewaydin in 1869, during the pas- torate of Rev. Samuel Croft, a substantial par- sonage being also built. This was an offshoot from the Lutheran Church Society, whose house of worship was erected on Karthaus Hill. Other interests of the township may be found mentioned under their respective head- ings in other parts of this volume. COOPER TOWNSHIP This township was erected from Morris township by a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions, dated the i8th day of January, 1884. The township was named in honor of the Cooper family, who were among the earliest settlers in the locality, Daniel Cooper having located near Kylertown, in 1828. The township is bounded on the north by Karthaus Township and part of the dividing line between Centre and Clearfield Counties, which line also constitutes its western and 270 IITSTORV OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY soutliern boundaries, it is bounded on the west by parts of Morris and Graham Townships. Valuable dejxjsits of coal have been found in this township and are being operated at the present time. There are also many fine fanns in the township. The population according to the census of 19 lo was 5713. Cooper is one of the youngest townships in the county and its earlier history therefore be- longs to Morris township, from which it was taken. It has had a considerable increase in population, as in the year 18S7 it contained but 375 taxables, the increase having been due to the development of its coal and other mineral resources. The village of Kylertown is named from an ' and family; David and Henry Alleman; Harry Hummell, from Dau- phin county; the Rameys, the Flvnns, the Coonrods, the Ganoes, the Kingstons, the Mc- Kiernans, the Davises, the Stevenses and others. Janesville, the first town in Gulich town- ship, was named from Jane Nevling, who afterward became the wife of Dr. Caldwell, of Glen Hope. When the postoffice was estab- lished it was given the name of Smith's Mills. In 1 85 1 Abraham Nevling, who had moved to this vicinity, built a house for his own use, and was soon followed in building by Westley and Mrs. Nevling. This was the origin of the town of Janesville and Smith's Mills. The postoffice was established in 1868, Joseph D. Ganoe being the first postmaster. Henry Alleman moved into the county and township in 185 1, taking possession of a shanty previously occupied by John Potter. He afterwards enlarged and rebuilt it. It was situated right on the division line between Cambria and Clearfield counties, so that, of a party at table, those sitting on one side were in Cambria and those on the other in Clear- 276 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY field county. Around tliis place grew up the settlement of AIlenians\ille, where a postotifice was established in 1868, with Henry Alleman as postmaster. A Methodist church was built in 1 87 1 and a schoolhouse erected. Mr. Alle- man was for a number of years treasurer of the township. Ramey. in the northern part of the town- ship, is a borough and mention of it will be found in the succeeding chapter of this volume. GIRARD TOWNSHIP Tiie records of the quarter sessions court of Clearfield county do not show when this town- ship was legally erected, but it is believed to have been about the month of September, 1832, because at the term of court held in Sep- tember. 1 832, it appears to have been recog- nized as a township in the returns made by the constables. The townsliip is situated in the northern part of the county, and it is bounded on the north by jjart of the dividing line between Elk and Clearfield counties, on the east by Cov- ington township, on the south by parts of Graham and Bradford townships and west by Graham township. The occupation of the people is mostly agriculture. The township had a population, according to the census of 1910, of 606. The surface north of tiie river is generally rough, hilly, and in some parts quite moun- tainous. In the western part, at wiiat is known as "The Knobs," the hills reach a height of 2,230 to 2,280 feet. The township is drained by the waters of Surveyor's Run, Bald Hill Run, Deer Creek, Buck Run, Sandy Creek, Mosquito Creek and some smaller streams. Girard township was first settled by Peter and Mordecai Livergood, brothers, who came from Chester county in i8i8, Peter making an improvement near the river, a mile east from the mouth of Sun-eyor's Run, not far from the old Indian path. Mordecai Liver- good commenced a farm near the mouth of Surveyor's Run, which stream was named from tlie fact that a party of sur\-eyors en- camped at an early date on its banks. John Irwin made the next settlement in 1 82 1, a few miles east from Peter Livergood's clearing. Irwin, who was a native of Ireland, afterward moved to Wolf Creek, east of Clearfield. In 1 82 1 came also John Murray from Hunt- ingdon county, accompanied by his family. He died in the winter of 1824, leaving his widow with a number of small children to provide for. About 1824 John Spackman and Thomas Leonard, with their families, located in Gi- rard, and about the same time came William Irwin. Soon after came Peter Lamm, from Northumberland county. He was a millwright and built a mill at the mouth of Deer Creek. This mill was afterwards made into a com- bination saw- and grist-mill. It ground no wheat flour, however, but only feed for cattle and a small quantity of corn meal. Other early settlers were Abraham Jury, a potter from Dauphin county, who supplied the residents with earthenware; Zacheus Mead, who started a farm about 1826, and among the French settlers who overflowed into the township from Covington about 1838 were Alphonso and Augustus Leconte, Francis Grossanit, Francis Coudriet and Stephen liu- gueny. Their lands lay in the vicinity of the Leconte Mills settlement, as it was called. Francis Grossaint built a saw mill in 1844. and Francis Coudriet built one in 1846. The firsi steam mill was erected on the lands of Phelps AND REPRESENTATI\-E CITIZENS 277 and Dodge, who were extensive lumbermen, both here in the township and elsewhere. The second steam saw mill was built by Irwin & Sons, on Bald Hill Run, about 1867 or 1868. The third, known as the Burgett mill, was built on Deer Creek. Though it was not until nearly i860 that regular religious, services were held in the township, occasional meetings were held as early as 1827, when Rev. William McDowell, of the Methodist Society, preached at the house of the widow of John Murray. George P. Getilich would sometimes hold services at different houses. The Frenclil residents are principally of the Catholic faith and attend their own church at Frenchville. Through the efforts of John McCorkle, a Presbyterian church was erected in 1873. The first school in the township was taught by Cornelia Kincade. It was in the locality afterward known as Congress Hill. The ham- let of Lecontes Mills owes its origin to the ef- forts of Augustus and Alphonso Leconte, who built a mill and residence at the confluence of Deer Creek and Buck Run. A postoffice was afterward established there, of which Au- gustus Leconte was postmaster imtil 1872, when he was succeeded by Charles Mignot, who was followed by other incumbents. GRAHAM TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of court dated August 22, 1856. The township is situated in the eastern part of the county and is bounded on the north by parts of Cov- ington and Girard townships, on the east by Cooper township, on the south by Morris township and on the west by part of Boggs township and by Bradford township. The principal business of the people is farm- ing. The population, according to the census of 19 10, was 664. Graham township was named after John B. Graham, who came to the county with his pa- rents in 1822, but who did not become a resi- dent of this locality until some 14 or 15 years later. The town of Grahamton w"as named for him, he being one of its most enterprising residents. He built both saw and grist mills there and also engaged in the lumber business. In 1852 he removed to the borough of Clear- field, of which he became a prominent citizen. Jacob Hubler and Bassel Crowel, came to this locality about 1827 or 1828. Each reared a large family and cleared up a good farm. In 1864 Jacob Hubler was 'arrested for a polit- ical offense and was imprisoned at Fort Mif- flin, but was subsequently released. He died in 1868. Conrad W". Kyler, who came here in 1843. cleared and developed a fine farm. He was made county commissioner in 1875 ^"^1 for ten years was a justice of the peace of Graham township. Other early settlers were Samuel Turner, the Monos. the Hitchins. the Kep- ples, the Smeals, and the Flegels ; while among the taxable inhabitants in 1857 (the year fol- lowing that in which the township was erected) were B. F. Ackley, M. D., Moses Boggs, William Burlingame, William Ben- nett, William Bagley. \\'illiam Burge, John Cook, William Cole, M. & S. Cathemian, Da- vid Chollar, Henry Colegrove. David Crow- ell, Israel Crowell, Basil Crowell, Patrick Curley, James Curley, Benjamin Chance, Frederick Conklin, Francis Colegrove, Sam- uel Davidson, Thomas Duncason, John Dixon, Robert Elder, William English, Thomas H. Forcey, Martin French, Francis Graham, Ira Green. William R. Green, Amos Hubler, 278 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY George Hoover, Jacob Hoover, Jolin Holt, Michael Fink. Jacob Hubler, Simon Haucken- bury, Joseph Ishman, John H. Irvin, Edmund Jones, Henry Kyler, Conrad W. and Isaac Kyler, Peter Keppler, John M. Katon, Samuel Lonsbur}'. Benjamin and Abraliam Lons- bury, Rev. J. M. Mason, Mark McGuire, Gerge Moyer. Jolin Martin, Jacob Mack, George Xearhood, Henry Xearhood, William Phenix, Christian Pace. Jonas Powel. Harri- son Ross, F. W. Russell, William Rolston, Alexander Rolston, William P. Smeal, John Smeal. Samuel Smeal, George Stever. \\'iiliam Shimmel, Jr., John W. and David Turner, Joseph Thompson, Samuel L'lrich, John Um- merman, John and Jacob Wilhelm. William Woolridgc, James E. Watson. George W. Wells and others. This will serve to show who were the pioneers of Graham township, though some of the above mentioned were the sons or descendants of the original pioneers of this locality. GOSHEN TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of court of quarter sessions of Clearfield county, dated May 5. 1845. It is situated in the nortliern part of the county, being bounded on the north by part of the dividing line between Elk and ClearfieW counties, on the east by Girard township, on the south by parts of Bradford and Lawrence townsiiips and west by part of Lawrence township. Although a large part of the township is a comparative wilderness, containing only a few scattered inhabitants, the southern part is well cultivated and embraces in its limits some of the finest and most fertile land in the county. The people of the township are mostly en- gaged in farming. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 514. The main streams of Goshen township are Lick Run and Trout Run, in the southern half, both of which discharge into the river, and Laurel Run, which drains the northern half, and which discharges into the Sinnama- honing, and finally into the West Branch. Among the pioneers of the township was the Bomgardner family, who took up lands near the mouth of Trout Run in the year 1820. Joseph Thorndyke, another old settler, located in the same neighborhood two years later. He was a trapper and hunter, without family, and made few or no improvements. John, Henry and James Irwin were sons of Henry Irwin, Sr., who lived at the mouth of Wolf Run, and afterward in Goshen. The sons were natives of the county, but the parents of Irish birth. John Irwin early claimed land in Karthaus township. William Ross improved land about a mile below the mouth of Trout Run. the place hav- ing been formerly owned by William Leon- ard, father of Abraham Leonard. The latter about 1835 made an improvement on the lo- cation subsequently owned by John Sankey. Another pioneer of the township was Jacob Flegel (brother of Valentine), who made a farm about 1842 or '43, not far from the head of Flegel's Run, in the southwest part of the township. He afterwards built a .saw mill on the Run. The Flegels were a numerous fam- ily and have many descendants yet living in the township. Other settlers were Isaac and Robert Graham, who later emigrated to the West; Matthew Tate, who bought lands on Jerry Run ; Robert C. Shaw, brother of Judge Richard Shaw, and son of Archie Shaw, the pioneer of Mt. Joy Ridges: Joseph Morrison. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 279 William L. Shaw, Daniel Lewis, William L. Rishel, Merrick Housler, Horatio Hall, Henry Lewis, William Housler, Nathaniel Brittain, Thompson Read, James A. Read, John Jen- ton, Matthew Tate, Q. W. Graham, John Barr, Isaac Lewis. The above, with others, owned land or cattle within the township in 1846, at the time the first enumeration of tax- ables was made, though possibly some of them may not have been actually residents of the township. There was then but one saw mill in the township — that of Bigler, Boynton & Powell, who were residents of Clearfield bor- ough. Ellis Irwin, a former merchant of Clear- field, moved to Lick Run in 1856, having previously purchased property there. This was the saw-mill erected on the run by Martin Nichols in 1845. M"". Irwin completed the mill and began lumbering, which business he followed for many years thereafter. In 1847 he bought the uncompleted mill and dam erec- tion below him on the other side of the stream, which had been started by F. P. Hurxthal and James Irwin, together with adjacent lands, and completed the construction, thus acquiring a valuable water frontage. In 1852 he started a general merchandise store, which he man- aged in connection with his other extensive business interests. The Lick Run Mills post- office was established in 1872 and Mr. Irwin appointed postmaster. This office took the place of the previous one at Shawsville, fur- ther down the river, which was thereafter dis- continued. The latter place was named in honor of Judge Richard Shaw, who built a grist mill here, at the mouth of Trout Run in 1852, on lands purchased from Stewardson, of Philadelphia. At his death the property went to Arnold B. Shaw of Clearfield. In 1886 the machinery for making roller process riour was placed in the mill. A water-power saw-mill was built on Trout Run, above Shawsville, by Morrow and Smith, about 1870, and afterwards became the property of H. H. Morrow. The Shirey saw mill, on the west branch of Trout Run, was built at an early date by William Mapes. It was rebuilt by A. H. Shirey and subsequently became the property of Frederick B. Irwin. The first school erected after the formation of the township was on the lands of Isaac Graham, and this was the starting point of the educational interests of the township, which are today well looked after, there being an adequate number of good schools and teachers. GREENWOOD TOWNSHIP This township was erected from parts of Bell, Ferguson and Penn townships, by a de- cree of court of quarter sessions of Clearfield county, dated the 19th day of March, 1875. The township is bounded on the north by Penn township, on the east by Ferguson town- ship, and on the south by Chest township, and on the west by Bell township. Agriculture is the principal occupation of the people of this township. The population, according to the census of 19 10, was 590. The taxables embraced in the new town- ship at the time of its formation were as fol- lows : From Bell township, R. C. Thompson, E. B. Thompson, Charles Hullihan, John Mills, J. N. McCracken, D. W. McCracken, Eli Campbell, Jacob Fryer, J. 0. A. Johnson, G. W. Dickey, Jacob Uber, John W. Bell, Henry Sharp, Marion Sharp, William Bell, James Wiley, Nelson Young, Eli Passmore, J. N. Kester, William Kester, Frampton Bell, 280 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Samuel Hullilian, James Framplon, G. M. Passmorc, John Cuniiingliam, William D. Beck, Thompson McLaughlin, G. D. Mc- Cracken, Thomas Thompson, C. A. Rora- baugh, H. D. Rowles, Frank Sawyer, A. T. Goldthread, John Robbins, William T. Thorpe, Charles Thorpe, David Mitchell, A. B. Tate, David McCracken, R. C. McCracken, William Tunblin, John W. Haslet, James K. Henr}-, Immanuel Hoover. From Ferguson township: Hon. John h. Hoyt, S. H. Vanhorn, George Ross, Wesley Ross, John F. W^iley, D. D. Wiley, John A. Rowles, William Rowles, Balser Hullilian, Matthias HuUihan, Conrad Hullilian, Thomas Tubbs. From Penn township: W. C. Hoover, Elah Johnson, William Smith, Albert Smith, James Johnson, John L. Johnson, David Johnson, Matthew W. Johnson, Wesley Horn, James Newcomer, Patrick Rafferty, Aaron New- comer, Josiah Newcomer, Job Curry, Jesse Kester, Frank Kester. The first election for township officers was directed to be held on the nth day of May, 1875, at the public house of Samuel Hullihan. The first officers elected were as follows : Jus- tices of the peace, Isaac Kester and John ^V. Bell; constable, Aaron H. Newcomer; asses- sor, David Bell ; supervisors, G. D. McCracken and Conrad Hullilian ; overseers, George M. Passmore and Joseph Newcomer; auditors, Frampton Bell, three years, Z. L. Hoover, two years. Nelson Young, one year; school direct- ors, T. J. Thompson and John S. Johnson, for three years; John A. Rowles and John P. Hoyt, for two years; James Stevenson and J. Q. A. Johnson, for one year; treasurer, Wil- son McCracken: judge of election, David Lee. The Susquehanna River crosses Greenwood township in a general course from southwest to northeast, but its course is exceedingly tor- tuous and winding. The principal streams tributary to the river on the north are Haslet's Run, Curr^^'s Run, and Bell's Run ; on the south side are several rivulets of no mentiona- ble size. The country generally throughout the township is very hilly and mountainous, but along the valley of the river is much pro- ductive farming land. Among the first families to settle in this lo- cality was that of Greenwood Bell, a son of Squire Bell, who was one of the very first set- tlers of the county. In honor of Squire Bell and his son, Greenwood, Bell township was so named. The son. Greenwood, in the erec- tion of this township, comes before the court and public for still further honor, in the for- mation of this township, it being named in his honor. Mr. Bell lived on the river near the location of Belleville, one of the small towns of the township. Here he cleared a farm ami built a saw and grist-mill, they being among tlie first industries in this part of the county. The descendants of Arthur Bell are numerous in tliis section, and are recognized as being among the substantial men of the county. Greenwood Bell married Elizabeth Roll, by whom he had ten children: Arthur. Mary. Delilah, Jolin, William. David, Julia Ann. Harvey, Grier, and Frampton. He was a man highly respected in the county, and took an active part in every enterprise of public wel- fare. In 1 820- 1 he held the office of county commissioner. In 1822 he was appointed sheriff of the county, being the first incumbent of the office. He was again chosen in 1823, and served until 1826. The pioneer worker of Greenwood town- ship, he who took the burden of the labor in AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 281 f its erection, was Dr. John P. Hoyt. In tlie year 1846, then having had a residence in the county of nearly thirty years, Dr. Hoyt moved to a place on the Susquehanna River, about three miles above Lumber City, and in the ex- treme eastern part of the territory that, in 1875, was erected into Greenwood township. Here he lived, and here he died at an ad- vanced age, surrounded by family and friends, and in the enjoyment of the comforts earned by a life of toil and perseverance. Dr. Hoyt was married, in 1820, to Mary, daughter of Thomas McClure, a pioneer of Pike township. From 1852 until 1857, Dr. Hoyt acted with Richard Shaw, as associate judges of Clear- field county. Another of the pioneers of this locality was William Haslet, who came here with his fam- ily, from what is now Clinton county, in the year 1828. He settled on lands later owned by William McCracken, the first farm west from the hamlet of Bower. He was a substan- tial resident of Greenwood, or the territory that was formed into that township, for twen- ty-five years. He died in the year 1853. The ]\IcClures were represented in pioneer days in this vicinity. "Squire" Thomas Mc- Clure first came to the county in the year 1799, from Cumberland county, but did not bring his family until the succeeding year. The McCrackens, who are to be numbered among the pioneers of the county, came to the then unsettled river country about the begin- ning of the present century, soon after the ad- vent of 'Squire Arthur Bell, to whom they were related. The pioneer of the McCracken family was James. He is remembered as hav- ing been a man of great physical strength and activity, a trait that was transmitted to his sons, and of which they made frequent use in all athletic sports. James, Thomas and John McCracken were sons of the pioneer James. The descendants of this family are numbered among the substantial residents of Greenwood township. Among the many familiar names of pioneer families, whose descendants now help to make the population of the township, are to be found some representing various localities or sec- tions of the river country. There are Thomp- sons, Johnsons, Young, Passmore, Kester; Hul- lihan, McLaughlin, Rowles, Robbins, Thorpe, Mitchell, Tate, Henry, Hoover, Ross, Wiley, Smith, Newcomer, Curry, Kester, and per- haps others wliose names have been lost. HUSTON TOWNSHIP This township was organized in 1839 and is bounded on the north by part of the dividing line between Elk and Clearfield counties, on the east by part of Lawrence township, on the south by Pine township and part of Union township, on the west by Sandy township and part of the dividing line between Elk and Clearfield counties. The township has some valuable coal depos- its which are now being worked, and also con- tains a number of well cultivated fanns. The population of the township, according to the census of 1910, was 2,653. Topographically speaking, Huston township lies in the Bennett's Branch watershed, form- ing a beautiful and fertile valley, eight hun- dred feet lower than the towering mountains guarding on either side. Bennett's Branch (creek), a tributary of Sinnamahoning, flows through the entire length of the township from west to east. The first settlement was made, according to the best authority, in 1812. Of the original 282 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY settlers, John S. Brockway located where Schotield's Hotel now stands, Jesse Wilson where Franklin Hewitt now lives, and G. K. Hoyt where L. Bird's house now stands. Some time after J. S. Brockway sold to Jesse Wilson, and moved further north near where Brockwayville (Jefferson county) now stands. Other persons then settled above and below Penheld. Among these was Ebenezer Hew- itt, father of John and Thomas Hewitt. The early settlers depended upon the forest to supply their meat, and johmiycake was the legal lender everywhere. Making shingles was about the only means the people had to raise money. These were hauled to Clearfield and sold. Religious Services. — Religious services be- gan almost with the settlement. Neither were the educational interests neglected, for a schoolhouse was built at an early date near where the iron bridge crosses Bennett s Branch ( Penheld j. The first blacksmith shop was built in 1842 by E. D. Patterson. There was no important business done until the ar- rival of Hiram Woodward in 1854, who bought the interest of Wilson & Hoyt and be- gan lumbering. Some one had tried to "float" unpeeled logs a few years previous, but utterly failed. When Mr. Woodward informed them of the number he intended to "drive," to ex- press it in a more modern term, the people were greatly astonished, and, influenced by some "up-and-down" saw-mill proprietors, declared it utterly impossible, and threats were made on all sides against the undertak- ing; but nothing daunted, Mr. Woodward went on. The logs were put in and the peo- ple were forced to believe the truth. From that time forth lumbering has been the prin- cipal business of Huston township. Old "Uncle -Billy" Long, the great hunter, lived many years in this township. P. P. Bliss, the Gospel singer, was born in this township when it yet belonged to Elk county. L. Bird came in 1869, engaged in the real es- tate business and sur\'eying, prospered, own- ing considerable real estate in Penfield and vicinity. Penfield is a beautiful little town, having a population at the present writing of over 700. The beginning of tiie village dates from the settlement of Huston township. Winterburn is ne.xt in importance as a town in the township, is situated three miles south- west of Penfield, and ten miles east of Du Bois; it is surrounded on all sides by hills, which afiford wild and romantic scenery. Prior to 1873 ^^ ^^'^s a vast wilderness, but in 1873 the railroad was built and with it the high trestle, which was named the "South Fork Trestle," after the small stream running through at this point. In the winter of 1873 Mr. George Craig named it Winterburn. About this time Craig & Blanchard, who had been in co-partnership, dissohed by mu- tual consent and divided the timber tract, the small stream (South Fork) forming the boun- dary. In 1874 James Barton, foreman for Craig & Son, commenced clearing the land on the left bank of the stream, and getting it ready for Ixiilding. The mill was built, and in operation by May, 1875. Blanchard's mill, on the opposite bank, was begun in the fall of 1874, and commenced running the following July (1875). His planing-mill was not built until 1879. A schoolhouse was built in 1876, and the first teacher was .Mice E. Bird, of Penfield, but previous to this Mr. .\. H. Rosenkrans had taught a select school. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 283 A Methodist Episcopal church was organ- ized in 1878 by Rev. A. B. Hooven, and a Presbyterian church in May, 1882, by Rev. J. V. Bell. In the fall of 1881 Messrs. McKinstry and Clearwater started a tanning plant in Penfield, near the station, but sold to Thomas E. Proc- tor before it was in running order; he com- pleted and stocked it in 1882. Its capacity was three hundred hides per day, between seven thousand and eight thousand cords of bark be- ing consumed annually. Hiram Woodward in 1854 built an old "flutter" saw-mill, which he supplemented in 1870 with a steam saw-mill. In the fall of 1882 Hoover, Hughs & Co. commenced their large mill on Wilson Run, one mile from Pen- field, which they had in running order in April, 1883. In 1856 there were only three schools in Huston township. Teachers received from $12 to $15 per month of twenty- four days, and had to "board around." There seems to have been some "crookedness," as a member of the school-board, at about this time, burned the record and vouchers, to prevent investiga- tion as to the disbursement of money re- ceived from the county treasurer, on unseated lands. But later on the managament of schools passed into different hands, and began to prosper, and the educational interests of the township have since been in a healthy condi- tion. JORDAN TOWNSHIP This township was erected from Beccaria by a decree of the court of quarter sessions of Clearfield county, dated February 5, 1835, and was named in honor of Hugh Jordan^, a former associate judge of the county and an ex-sol- dier of the Revolutionary war. The town- ship is bounded on the north by Ferguson and Knox townships, on the east by Bigler town- ship, on the south by Beccaria and Chest town- ships, and on the west by Chest township. There is considerable coal development in this township and it also has many of the best farms in the county. The population of the township, according to the census of 19 10, was 1,261. James Rea, the first settler of what is now Knox township, moved in 1819 to the land later owned by his sons, and thus became the first settler of the territory now embraced in Jordan township. He was the only son of Samuel Rea, who came from Ireland, and set- tled in York county, Pa. Samuel, his eldest son, married Lydia Ricketts, of Mount Pleas- ant, and located on a farm in Knox township, of which place he was a citizen until his death, January 5, 1887; Nancy married John Pat- terson; Thomas married Hannah Bloom; James married Jane, daughter of John Dillen, of Mount Pleasant. She died and he then married Mrs. Eliza Corrigan, of Columbia, Pa. About 1820 John Swan, Sr., a forgeman by trade, left his home in New York State, where he married Miss Phoebe Tubbs, and started to the State of Ohio. He stopped a while near where Tyrone now is, on account of some of his party being sick, but finally concluded to come over into what is now Clearfield county, where land was cheap. Accordingly, in com- pany with Truman Vitz, he came into what is now Jordan township, cutting his way through the forest all the way from Tyrone. He and Mr. Vitz purchased four hundred and thirty- three acres of land, the same land constituting the beautiful farms later owned by his son 284 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY John, and Major D. W. Wise. Some time after this Mr. Vitz moved to Meadville, Pa. Mr. Swan commenced the manufacture of lye soon after his arrival. Kettles holding twenty barrels were produced at Pittsburgh, Pa. Large quantities of wood were cut and burned, the ashes were leached, and the lye boiled down and siiipped in barrels down the river on rafts. This made a market for wood ashes, and his neighbors for some distance around hauled their ashes to this immense lye factory. This was soon improved upon by building a large oven, and concentrating tlie liquid by intense heat into potash, which answered the same purpose, and brought better prices, with a re- duced cost of transportation. He also erected machinery for grinding rock oak bark for tan- ning purposes. This he boxed and shipped to Philadelphia on an ark, receiving si.xty dollars per ton for it. He also turned his attention to agriculture, which supplied tlie family with products of tliat kind, although in a commer- cial w ay it did not pay, for wheat brought only forty-five cents per bushel. Mr. Swan died here, and was buried at Zion Cemetery. An- son, the eldest son. for whom Ansonville was named, was never married, but lived with his friends at Ansonville. until his death in 1883; Sophronia married William Hartshorn, who is now dead ; Harvey moved to Ohio and mar- ried there. He died in 1857. Eliza married a Mr. Winslow, of New York State. John mar- ried Catherine Williams, a sister of David \\'illiams, and they resided on the old home- stead about one mile from .\nsonville. Henry married Lucinda, daughter of Benjamin Bloom, of Pike township. He kept the only store at Ansonville for many years. He was justice of the peace for many years. Mrs. Swan died at her home in .Ansonville, in 1883. Harriet, a twin sister of Henry, married Ed- mund Williams. They moved to Illinois, where she died in 1867. James McNeel emigrated from County Ty- rone, Ireland, when about twenty-one years old. and settled in Sinking Valley, where he married Elizabeth Crawford, of that place. He stayed there a short time, and then came to Jordan township, and purchased three hun- dred acres of land, the same being later owned by his sons James, Joseph and Isaac, his daughter Mary, his grandson Taylor McNeel and John Mays. The children of the first wife were Xancy. who married James Rainsey, and moved to Illinois ; Thomas who married a Miss Russell, died in Illinois. Ann married Wil- liam Atleman, and moved to Centre county, where she died. Ellen married William Speer, and lived in Johnstown until her death; Mar- shall, the youngest, died in California in 1883. His second wife was Man,' Ricketts. daughter of Isaac Ricketts, of Mount Pleasant, and to them eigiit children were born. Eliza, the eld- est, married John Hunter, and lives on a farm near Ansonville; John married Mary Jane Glasgow, of Blair county. James G. married Miss Jane Lynch, of Pike townsliip. Joseph married Mary Jane McCreight. Man,- mar- ried Frank McCormick, of Ireland. Lydia married Lance Root ; both are dead. Isaac married Man' Jane Davis, of Mount Pleasant, Pa. Caroline died when twelve years old. The parents lived to a good old age, the mother surviving her husband several years, died at the old homestead about 1883, and was buried by his side in Fruit Hill Cemetery. David Williams came here from Centre county in April of 1833. He purchased the large tract of land which was later owned by his sons. Tames G., and William, and Martin, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 285 Nolen, and Mrs. Green, of Ferguson town- ship, from Shoemaker and Irvin. He built a shanty on the Spring Run, below the present residence, in the thick woods. He built a grist-mill on the run the same year, which was one of the first mills in this part of the county. The millwrights were Joseph, Michael, and Silas Solly. The bolting-cloth for this mill was purchased at Lewistown, Pa., and brought here by private conveyance. Mr. Williams also turned his attention to farming and im- proved the land mentioned above, but still kept the mill running until it was worn out. His widow, who was, previous to her marriage, Mary Glenn, survived him many years, living with her son William, who cultivated the farm. James G. married Matilda, a daughter of Alfred D. Knapp, who improved the farm now owned by James McKeehen, and after ward moved to Iowa, where he now lives. Martha married Alexander Henderson, and went to Illinois. Lucinda, John, and Austin are dead. Robert Patterson came with his parents from Ireland and settled first in Virginia. From there they moved to Maryland, and afterward to Centre county. Pa., where he married Elizabeth McCormick. Pie then came to what is now Clearfield county, and lived for some time in Lawrence township. From there he moved to Beccaria, afterwards Jordan township, probably about 1823 or '24, and took advantage of the offer made by Morgan, Rawles, and Peters, of fifty acres gratis, by buying the other fifty acres of a hundred acre tract, at four dollars per acre. The land m that vicinity is yet known as "Morgan's Land." Mr. Patterson possessed a knowl- edge of books, as well as of clearing land and cultivating it, and put his talents to use by farming during the summer season and teach- ing school in the winter. Of his children, Ag- nes married Thomas Witherow, and lived to an advanced age. Jane married Christian Erhard, and died in 1882 at her home in New Millport, leaving several sons and daughters. Joseph married Margaret Erhard, a sister of David, and lived on his farm in Ferguson township until his death, about 1884. His widow died in 1887, at the home of her daugh- ter, Mrs. David Johnston, at the age of eighty- four years. Robert married Catherine, daugh- ter of John Thomson, Sr., of this township. John married Nancy, daughter of James Rea, mentioned elsewhere. She died in the early eighties, and he married Margaret, daughter of John Hunter, of Jordan township. She also died, and he then married Mrs. Nancy Bright. James married Rebecca McCormick, of Armstrong county, and lived on a farm in Beccaria township. Jemima married James Wilson and lived in Jordan township. Abram Bloom came from Northampton county, N. J., to Northampton county. Pa., and from there moved to Jordan township in 1 83 1. He located on the land now known as the Lafayette Bloom Farm, near Fruit Hill church. He lived here a few years and re- turned to Northampton county. Several of his children remained in the township. The Johnstons in this township are de- scendants of Robert and James, two broth- ers, who came to this country from Scotland seventy-five or more years ago. Robert set- tled on the tract later owned by his son David. Robert M. married Priscilla Wise, a sister of ex-Treasurer D. W. Wise, of this township. John C. was in the mercantile business in An- sonville for many years. His first wife was Christina Curry, who died about 1882. He 286 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY later married Mrs. Martha Witherow, widow of Henry VVitiierow, and daughter of Fred- erick Shoff, of Beccaria township. He was in partnership with John McQuilkin in a meat market in Ansonville. David married Martha Patterson, and lived on the old homestead. James married Mary Jane, daughter of John Witherow, of Knox township, and lived on his farm near Ansonville. Mary married Reuben Caldwell, and lived in Knox townsliip. Belle married Isaac Bloom, and Elizabeth married Samuel Witherow, both well-to-do farmers of this township. Mark was killed by a tree while chopping a clearing. William was killed by a runaway horse while returning from Charles Lewis's smith shop. James Johnston located near Johnston's school-house. Some thirty years ago he attended a meeting of the session at the I<"ruit Hill Presbyterian church. He had intended to go home by way of John Thomson's, having some business with Mr. Thomson, but for some reason changed his mind and concluded to go over a day or two later. He was riding horseback, and just after he passed the residence of R. M. John- ston, a dead chestnut tree that stood by the road side fell, mashing the horse and his rider to the ground. Two sons, James, Jr., and Robert sun'ived him, and one daughter, Mrs. John Glasgow, of Glen Hope. Joiin Thomson, Sr., came here from Edin- burgh, Scotland, in 1832. He purchased land and made an improvement not far from where Ansonville is now located. Soon after settling here he wrote to his only son, John, who had preceded him to this country about two years, and was living at Pottsville, Pa., that the Carsons wanted to sell their improve- ment. Young John at once packed his effects, came to Jordan and purchased the Carson place. He married Rebecca, daughter of Thomas Lord, and settled down to improve the farm, where he spent the remainder of his life. They had thirteen children. Ansonville is pleasantly located on the ele- vation or dividing ridge between the head- waters of the South Fork of Little Clearfield Creek and Potts Run. The land now occupied by the village was once owned by the Swans, and the place was named in honor of Anson Swan, a deaf and dumb brother of John and Henry Swan. The population of the place, in- cluding Strawtown or Bretzinville, is over three hundred. The first building in the place was built by a Mr. Singer, and was at first oc- cupied as a store by John Miles and James Foutz. In 1853 Henry Swan built a large store- room on the corner opposite the Ansonville Hotel, and occupied it as a general store until 1874. Soon after this it burned down, and the lot remained vacant until 1884 or 1885, when Dr. A. E. Creswell purchased it and built the large store-rooms and dwelling later purchased by C. D. McMurry, and occupied by him as a general store, and by H. Gilliland as a clothing store. Other stores and mer- chants followed and enjoyed a steady trade. As near as we can learn, the Ansonville postofiice was established about 1857. Eliza Chase (later Mrs. W. T. Bloom) was post- mistress. Henry Swan had tlie office from 1864 to 1868, and was succeeded by Joseph Thomson, and he by Arthur B. Straw. J. C. Johnston succeeded Mr. Straw, and had charge of the office several years until 1886, when C. D. McMurry was appointed. The first .schoolliouse built in the township, was erected in 1820, not far from where the Fruit Hill Presbyterian church was after- PiESIDEXCE .VXD BARN OF E. SCHXARS, LAWREXCE TUWXSIIU' AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 289 wards built. The house was built of logs. A square pen-shaped arrangement was built in- side to do service as a flue. The windows were made by cutting one or two logs off in the side of the building and pasting greased paper over the hole to keep the wind and cold out. The writing desks were made by driving pins in the walls of the building and fastening thereto a slab with the flat side up. The seats were also made of slabs, with the round side up. The first teacher of this school was David Cathcart, who afterward located in Knox township, where he purchased a large tract of land, part of the timber of this land being sub- sequently sold by his sons for a considerable amount of money. He had a large family of children. Robert Patterson, Sr., also taught here, and some say, was the first teacher, but others, that Cathcart was the first. We find also that John Watson taught here. Some years after a lit- tle log schoolhouse was built near the subse- quent residence of Major Wise. Asil Swan was one of the first teachers. The house has long since gone the way of all old houses, and history fails to record any of the exploits of its graduates. The old log schoolhouse that stood near the old Zion church is also one ot the things of the past. Rev. S. Miles taught school and preached in this house as early as 1843, and the house was built previous to that time. The school facilities have been im- proved as well as the land, and will now com- pare favorably with those of any similar com- munity. Mr. A. M. Buzard taught the first select school in Ansonville during the summer of 1884, with forty students in attendance. He also taught the two succeeding years with an increased membership, and was assisted by Harvey Roland. Mr. Buzard afterwards went into the drug business here, and the school was subsequently taught by J. F. Mc- Naul, of Curwensville. KARTHAUS TOWNSHIP This township was erected from the eastern part of Covington, by a decree of the court of quarter sessions of Clearfield county dated February 3, 1841, and was named in honor of Peter A. Karthaus, who was the owner of a large portion of the land in the township. The township is situated in the extreme northwestern corner of the county and is bounded on the north by part of the dividing line between Cambria and Clearfield counties, on the east by part of the dividing line be- tween Clinton and Clearfield counties and part of the dividing line between Centre and Clear- field counties, on the south and west by Cov- ington township. There are a number of coal operations in this township, also some good farms. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 1,332. The marked geographical and topograph- ical feature of Karthaus township is the Horseshoe Bend, at which the current tends directly south, then bends around and runs nearly direct north, all within a small area. Its greatest length, north and south, is not far short of eleven miles, while its average length is about seven miles. From east and west measurement the township extends a distance of about six miles, but the average in this di- rection is only about four miles. The surface of the township, generally, is hilly, broken, and mountainous, the altitude above tide-wa- ter averaging something like fourteen hun- dred feet. The township is well watered by the West Branch on the south, and the auxil-' 290 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY iary streams, Mosquito Creek, Salt Lick and Upper Three Run, the first and last being fair sized mountain streams having several smaller tributaries. The pioneer history of Karthaus township was made many years prior to its separate or- ganization, and while it was still a part of Lawrence township. Before Lawrence was erected, the township of Chincleclamousche embraced the territory that subsequently formed Lawrence, Covington and Karthaus, excepting, however, a small tract taken from Lycoming, that was added to the county sub- sequent to its erection in 1804. One of the earliest settlers in Karthaus or the lands that were afterward embraced by it, was G. Philip Geulich, who located there dur- ing the month of April, 18 14. He first came to the county in 181 1, with Charles Loss, as representatives of the Allegheny Coal Com- pany, by whom they were sent to ascertain if the reports concerning an abundant supply of superior coal were true. They first came to Clearfield Creek, \vhere they remained during the winter. Upon their report the company purchased the land known as the Ringgold tract, on Clearfield Creek, and another tract comprising some three or four thousand acres on the Moshannon. After having fulfilled the object of his visit, Geulich was about to return to Huntingdon county, but was finally persu- aded to proceed to the lands on the Moshan- non. and make an improvement. In 18 13, in company with Joseph Ritchie, he attempted to ascend the West Branch, but finding the river filled with snow and ice. was compelled to re- turn. Another attempt, in company with John Frazer and James Bowman, was made suc- cessfully and at the end of a three days' jour- ney the party landed at Karthaus, on the bank of the Moshannon, on the 8th day of April, 1814. Here they built a cabin, after which several weeks were spent in clearing lands for the future operations of the Allegheny Com- pany at that point. Geulich did not remain long in this vicinity, owing to a misunder- standing with one Junge. When about ready to leave, the families of Frederick W. Geisen- hainer, and John Reiter came to the neighbor- hood, and they urged him to return to the Ringgold tract on Clearfield Creek, which he did. Here he lived until 1818, acting as agent for the company, until their lands were all sold, after which he purchased the Kline prop- erty, and still later resided at the county-seat. In 1829-33 he was treasurer of the county. The early settlement of Karthaus township was materially hastened by the knowledge of her extensive coal and iron deposits. Bitum- inous coal was in great demand at the time, and this demand gave rise to the development of the Karthaus field and shipping therefrom, at a verv' earl}' day, considerable quantities of coal in arks down the West Branch to Colum- bia, where it sold readily at thirty-seven and one-half cents per bushel. The channel, how- ever, was obstructed with rocks and sunken trees, that proved fatal to many a cargo. In the year 181 5, Peter A. Karthaus, his son, and J. F. W. Schnars, under the guidance of one Green, a hotel-keeper from Milesburg, Centre county, came to the vicinity. Green was on foot, and the others had two horses between them. They followed the old Indian path, and, after leaving the Alleghenies, found but two habitations on the route hither: those of Samuel Askey and John Bechtold. Worn and tired, they arrived one evening at John Reiter's house. There they found David Dun- lap, a millwright, engaged in building a saw- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 291 mill on the coal company's land, at the mouth of the Little Moshannon. Some years later this mill was arranged with country-stones, and the grinding for the settlement was done at this place. This proved a great convenience to the people, who had been compelled to con- vey all flour and feed, either from the Bald Eagle Valley or from Clearfield town, nearly twenty-five miles distant, with no thoroughfare other than the old Indian path. J. F. W. Schnars, who was the companion and friend of Peter A. Karthaus, was a Ger- man by birth, born in the year 1785. In the year 1810 he came to Baltimore, and found employinent with Karthaus, who was an ex- tensive merchant, engaged in foreign and do- mestic trade. In 1829 Schnars was chosen county commissioner, and still later county au- ditor. He was commissioned postmaster of his township in 1832, and held that office a score and a half of years. The family name is still extensive in the county, represented by the descendants of this old pioneer, Peter A. Karthaus and his son returned, after a time, to Baltimore, but again came to this vicinity, bringing his family. He became the owner of a large tract of land in the town- ship, and by his efforts and enterprise in busi- ness, did more toward the settlement and im- provement of it than any other person. In the year 181 5, Junge and Schnars pur- chased lands of Karthaus and Geisenhainer, and commenced extensive improvements and settlements thereon. About the same time several other families came in; among them, Hugh Riddle, Jacob Michaels, William Rus- sell and others, former residents of Bald Ea- gle, Centre county. They made purchases, and at once began improving the lands. Soon after the first settlements in the town- ship, a deposit of bog ore was discovered near the head of Buttermilk Falls, some four miles down the river from Karthaus. The lands were purchased from Judge Bowdinot, of Burlington, N. J., who owned them, by Geis- enhainer & Schnars. The tract comprising three parcels was conveyed to Peter A. Kar- thaus. In the year 1817 he, with Geisenhai- ner, built the old furnace at Moshannon Creek. The ore was conveyed up the river in flat-boats and canoes, and there made into iron. Con- nected with this a foundry was built, and hol- low iron wares, stoves, and other articles man- ufactured. The river was cleared of obstruc- tions that had proved fatal to the coal trans- ports, and the manufactured iron wares were shipped to market. The people interested in the enterprise lacked experience, the place of manufacture was so far distant from the mar- ket, and the expense and danger incident to river traffic was so great that the enterprise was finally abandoned. Many of the families in- duced to settle here on account of the fa- vorable reports concerning locality, became discouraged at the prospect and returned east. For a time, instead of an increase there seemed to be a general and sudden decrease in popula- tion, but after the excitement had died out and the agricultural advantages of the locality became established, the time of immigration and settlement again set this way, and the in- crease again became general and healthful. In the year 1845 Richard Coleburn, the as- sessor of the township, was directed to make an enumeration of each of the taxable inhab- itants then being residents. From the roll so made by him. the names of such taxables are made to appear, which will show who were the residents of the township at the time. George Bucher, a tailor; William Bridgens, George 292 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Bearfield, Sr., Reuben Bearfield, laborer; Ja- cob Cooms, Levi Cofifin, fanner; Ann Cole- burn, George Conaway, Sr., Dickson Cole, la- borer; Richard Coleburn, farmer; Mark Cole- burn, laborer; Matthew B. Conaway, Benja- min Clark, sawyer; John Gaines, James Gun- saulis, Samuel Gunsaulis, fanner, having, in addition to his two tracts of land, one hun- dred acres bought of P. A. Karthaus's "plough deep;" Jeremiah Gaines, Robert Gaines, fanner; Lawrence F. Hariline. fanner; George Haun, farmer; Levi Harris, laborer; John Harris, laborer; James Hunter, laborer; Andrew Eisenmann, Jacob Eisenman, weaver; John Eisenman, farmer; Michael Eisenman, farmer; John Irvin. "lumberer," having a saw- mill; Peter A. Karthaus, no occupation, but having a saw-mill and grist-mill ; Robert Lowes, laborer, having one hundred acres of land bougiit of Keating; Ellis Lowes, farmer; Jacob G. Lebs, manager; Benjamin B. Lee, carpenter; Francis McCoy, "one saw-mill, burned down;" Elizabeth Michaels, John Michaels, farmer; Edward Michaels, laborer; William H. Michaels, farmer; Daniel Moore, farmer; James Meny, laborer; Thomas Mich- aels, fanner; John Price, farmer; Isaac Price, farmer; Joseph Rupley, farmer; J. F. W. Schnars, saw-mill; Charles Schnars, saw- yer; Gottlieb Snyder, fanner; Francis Soults- man, blacksmith; William Teets. laborer; John Vought, farmer; John Wykoff, carpenter; James White, farmer; Washington Watson, laborer; Joseph Yothers, farmer. The single freemen then living in the township were : Frederick Cofifin, William Carson, Thomas Moyers, John Haun, Charles Haun, John Hicks, Jr., Prudence Knyder. John Condly, John Uzzle. From this it appears that there v.ere resid- ing in the township in the year 1845, fifty-four property owners and nine single freemen. As further show-n by the roll, there were several who had formerly been residents, but who ap- pear to have gone away since the assessment next preceding 1845. Among those are found the names of Sarah Apple, Samuel K. Bevan. H. O. Brittain, Cornelius Conaway, Ciiarles Durow, Henry Harris, Simon Hall, Michael Mays, Jacob Miller, Peter McDonald, John Reiter, Matthew Savage, W'illiam Soults, all of whom were regular taxables, owning either real or personal property, besides a few single freemen, as follows : William Barefield, An- drew Kiem, and John Summerville. From these facts it can fairly be assumed that the population of Karthaus township, in 1845, did not exceed two hundred inhabitants. The great interest taken by all persons during the lumbering period in that produc- tion, materially increased the temporary or floating population, and after the tracts were exhausted and agriculture became the regular avocation of the inhabitants, many who had come with the intention of leaving as soon as the lumber districts were cleared, were in- duced to remain and permanently reside in the township. At that time, if the record is re- liable, there were in the township only four saw-mills and one grist-mill, owned as shown above. During the period of ten years, from 1850 to i860, lumbering reached its maximum, after which it began gradually to decline. The original village of Karthaus was laid out on the map of the Keating lands which was made as early as 1827, or perhaps earlier. As shown it lay on a sharp bend of the river at the mouth of Mo.squito Creek, and on tract No. 1901. It contained nineteen hundred and one acres of land. The newer Karthaus lies AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 293 further east, and was built up chiefly through the extensive coal and lumbering interests de- veloped there. The township has adequate school and church facilities. KNOX TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the court dated the -i 9th day of May, 1854, and was named in honor of Judge Knox, one of the first judges, who presided over the courts of Clearfield county. The township is bounded on the north by Pike and Lawrence townships, on the east by Woodward and Bigler town- ships, south by Beccaria township and west by Jordan and Ferguson townships. The principal business of the people of the township is agriculture, although there are some coal deposits that are now being ope- rated. The population, according to the cen- sus of 1 910, was 1,064. The first settlement in Knox township, and one of the first in the county, was made by James Rea, in 1806, who came here from Huntingdon county. The nearest grist-mill at that time was be- tween Tyrone and Birmingham. Some time after a mill was erected at Moose Creek, and thither Mr. Rea transported his grist on the back of an ox. In a short time James Hegarty, who was murdered soon after, settled what is now the William Witherow farm. Thomas McKee improved the land later owned by Robert Witherow's heirs, and Thomas Jordan located where Thomas Witherow subsequently lived. John Carson, also one of the first settlers, pro- cured the premises made vacant by the death of James Hegarty. In 1824, Peter Erhard, who lived by the Susquehanna River, near Curwensville, was drowned while crossing the river on horse- back. About six or eight years previous to this time he had located some land in what is now Knox township. By the aid of Iiis four sons this land was improved, and shortly after the death of the father the sons moved to this land, and in connection with it bought the tract upon which grew up the village of New Millport. The three eldest sons. Christian, David, and Philip, were interested in the latter purchase, and soon erected a saw-mill, proba- bly the first improvement on Little Clearfield Creek. This first mill was built sometime be- tween 1820 and 1825, and after it had served its purpose and time, another w^as built near the grist-mill. Saw-mills did not pay the operators in that early day, for although surrounded by thou- sands of acres of immense pine forests, the facilities for transportation were so poor and the demand so limited, that lumber was scarce worth the cutting, and millions of feet that would now be worth forty to sixty dollars per tliousand feet, were rolled into heaps and burned. George, a younger son of Peter Erhard, im- proved a farni; was county commissioner from 1857 to i860. The first dwelling-house in New Millport village was built by David Erhard, Sr., about 1834, near the mill-race. The town was of slow growth, but the building of the Beech Creek Railroad through it in 1885, gave it a new impetus. The first industries being mills, suggested the name — Millport, and the word New, was added when the postofifice was established here, to distinguish it from Millport, in Potter 294 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY county, Pa. The first postmaster was D. E. Mokel, appointed in 1855 or 1856. The first schoolhouse in Knox township was located across the run from the residence of David Erhard. It was built in 1842. The first teacher was Benjamin Roberts, who af- terwards became a citizen of the township, and improved the farm later owned by Robert Patterson. The township is now well sup- plied with good schools and teachers; also churches. LAWRENCE TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the court of quarter sessions, to which county Clearfield was then attached for judicial pur- poses, at November sessions, 1813. The township is bounded on the north by part of the dividing line between Elk and Clearfield counties, on the east by Goshen, Bradford and Boggs townships, on the south by Knox township and on the west by Pike, Pine and Huston townships. There are a number of large coal operations in this township, also some fine farms. The population of the township, according to the census of 1910, was 4,025. No more accurate record of the early set- tlers of Lawrence can be made than by a full statement of the taxable inhabitants made by Samuel Fulton, assessor, under and by virtue of an order of the county commissioners, bear- ing date the 21st day of February, 1814, and signed by Hugh Jordon, Robert Maxwell and Willliam Tate, commissioners. The names of the taxables appearing on the roll are as follows: Elinor Ardery, John An- drews, Arthur Bell, Henry Buck, Samuel Beers, Arthur Bell, Robert Collins. George Conoway. Hugh Caldwell. Alexander Dun- lap, James Dunlap, Hugh Frazier, John Fra- zier, Thomas Forcey, Samuel Fulton, William Hanna, Jacob Haney, Martin Hoover, Sam- uel Hoover, George Hunter, Esther Haney, John Hall, John Hoover, Henry Irwin, Hugh Jordon, Samuel Jordon, Thomas Jordon, Thomas Kirk, Thomas Kirk, Jr., John Kline, Nicholas Kline, William Leonard, Rudolph Litch, Lebbeus Luther, David Ligget, Rich- ard Mapes, John Moore, Reuben Mayhew, Adatn Myers, Moses Norris, Matthew Ogden, Daniel Ogden, John Owens, W^illiam Orr, Joseph Patterson, Robert Patterson, Thomas Reynolds, Alexander Reed, Thomas Reed, Archibald Shaw, Elisha Schofield, John Shaw, Richard Shorter, Mar}' Shirrey, Robert Shaw, Ignatius Thompson, William Tate, Robert Wrigley, George Welch, Herman Young, Pe- ter Young. The single freemen were: Andrew Allison, Samuel Arder}% Benjamin Beers, Benjamin Carson, Jr., Alexander Dunlap, Christian Eveon, Jacob Hoover, Cffisar Potter, John R. Reed, Hugh Reynolds, W^illiam Shirrey, Hugh McMullen. The settlers living in the Sinnamahoning district were enrolled in a separate list. It will be remembered that the settlement down the river was made into an election district, and the voting place was fixed at the mouth of the Sinnamahoning, at Andrew Overdorf's house. The taxables of this district were : Stephen Barfield, Robert Barr, Daniel Bailey, Jacob Burch. Dwight Cadwell, Thomas Dent, Rich- ard Galat, Joseph Gaugey, Levy Hicks, Wil- liam T. Hardy, Ralph Johnston, Thew. John- ston, James Jordon, John Jordon, Henry Lorghbaugh, Jr.. Joseph Mason, Amos Mix, James Mix. William Nanny, John Overdorf, Andrew Overdorf. .\ndrew Overdorf, Jr., AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 295 Samuel Smith, Charles Swartz, Curran Swee- sey, Benjamin Smith, Jacob Miller, Leonard Morey. The single freemen in the Sinnamahoning district were as follows : James Mix, Joseph Gaugey, James Sweezey, John Ream, John Biss, William Lewis, William Shepherd, George Lorghbaugh, William Calloway, George Derring. The first reduction of the territorial limits of Lawrence township was made by the for- mation of Covington and Gibson, in the year 1817, by an order of the Centre County Court of Quarter Sessions. In 1845, at a term of court held Februar>^ 4, Goshen township was erected from Law- rence, Girard, and part of Jay and Gibson townships. The early history of this township ante- dates, by many years, its civil organization. Within its boundaries there was located the old Indian town of Chincleclamousche, the re- mains of which were 'discovered by Daniel Ogden, the pioneer, at the time of his settle- ment, in 1797. Still further back than this we find the country overrun and occupied by a fierce tribe of Indians known to the first white adventurers as the Lenni Lenapes, who made their central station on the river Delaware, and whose descendants occupied this whole region for a hundred years or more. Later on came the Shawnees, a supposed branch of the Al- gonquins, whose language they spoke. Then again, during the seventeenth century, the confederated nation of Iroquois, or the Five Nations, as they were commonly known, swept over the entire province of Pennsyl- vania, as well as the countn,' north and south of it, driving out the occupants or completely subjugating them, and making themselves conquerors, and their chiefs and sachems rulers and monarchs of the entire country. During the progress of the French and In- dian war this vicinity was occupied by the French with view to erecting a fort, but this scheme seems to have failed. They did, how- ever, assemble at the village of Chinclecla- mousche and organize an expedition against Fort Augusta, the key to the whole north- western part of the province. Here it was that Captain Hambright came with orders to destroy the Indian town, and make battle against the inhabitants, but finding the town deserted returned to the fort with his men. On a subsequent visit the town was found to be destroyed, and the Indians fled to the protec- tion of the French forts on the western fron- tier. The Indian paths, several of which led through the township, were thoroughfares of travel to and from the points east of the AUe- ghenies. Daniel Ogden was the first permanent set- tler in this township, and made the first im- provement therein. The chief industry at that time was farming and clearing land, and as new residents followed, each in succession was compelled to make a clearing for a cabin and farming purposes. The necessity of lumber and material for building led to the erection of saw-mills at various places, and as the lands became cleared and crops gathered, grist-mills became a like necessity. According to the tax-roll made by Samuel Fulton, assessor for Lawrence and Pike town- ships, in the year 1814, there w€re several in- dustries already established in the township of Lawrence, some of which can be located with accuracy. Samuel Beers was assessed as hav- ing a tan-yard. Beers lived on Clearfield 296 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY vjreek, and had a small lannery near his house. Ihis factory was so small that it was assessed as nominal only. Martin Hoover had a saw- mill on Montgomery Creek, and was assessed therefor fifty dollars, which amount would scarcely buy a ciieap saw- at the present day. J. L. McPherson's steam saw-mill was built near the same locality, which is one of the old- est mill locations in the county. Esther Haney, widow of Frederick Haney, was assessed this same year lor a saw and grist-mill on Montgomery Creek. The saw- mill was assessed at fifty dollars, and the grist- mill at thirty dollars. Thomas Haney, son of I-Vederick, had a saw-mill on Moose Creek. Reuben Mayhew was the local shoemaker, and his trade assessed at ten dollars. To Matthew Ogden attaches the credit of having built the first grist-mill in the county, on Moose Creek, about half a mile above its mouth. Some years later he built a saw-mill further down and movetl his grist-mill to that point, near the site now occupied by Shaw's mill. In 1 82 1 Ogden built another grist-mill on Clearfield Creek, which was operated for many years, but is now entirely destroyed. Thomas Reynolds had a tannery in Clear- field town, that was built about the year 1810, but no business of account was done there un- til some five or six years later. Another tan- nery was built by Jacob Irwin about 1820, just back of the Boyer residence on Second street. In 1814-15. the Elder mills were built on Little Clearfield Creek by James I. Thorn, who came to the county for that purpose. The building consisted of a saw-mill, a fulling or woolen-mill, and a tavern. The woolen-mill was the first of its kind in the county, and the tavern among the first. Elder never resided in the county, but was largely interested in lands at that place. He is remembered as e.\- ceedingly kind and generous. He had many cattle at his place, and frequently loaned un- broken cattle to fanners, and allowed them to break and use them for their keeping. In the Sinnamahoning district a record of taxables made in the year 181 5 showed a total of forty-one. The roll also mentioned two saw-mills, one assessed to Thomas Dent and the other to John Jordan. In 1813, a year after commissioners for the county were authorized to be elected therein, the population had increased sufficiently that a postoffice for the county was found neces- sary, and this was established at the house of Alexander Read, better known as "Red Alex." The neighborhood on the ridge where the Reads were numerous, was known as Reads- boro, and the office was designated by that name. It was continued there until about the year 1819. The old State road passed through the place, and it was then the most central point, notwithstanding the fact that the site for the county seat had already been estab- lished at the old Indian town some two or three miles distant. Before this office was es- tablished all mail matter came from Philips- burg, on the extreme east line of the county. once each week. At the time the county seat was fixed there was no improvement on the lands of Abraham Witmer, except such 3S had many years be- fore been made by the Indians. The old cleared fields remained grown up with weeds and buffalo grass. When Lawrence was made a township there were but few residents at the county seat proper, that is. Clearfield town. The first conveyances of town lots were made to Mat- thew Ogden. Robert Collins, and ^^'iIliam AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 297 Tate, in the year 1807. The donation of lands for county building and other purposes was made at the time the county seat was fixed, but the deed was not executed until 1813. The court-house was erected about 18 14 by Robert Collins about this time. The township of Lawrence was declared, by an act of the Legislature passed April 2, 182 1, to be a separate election district, and the freemen were directed to hold their elections at the court-house in Clearfield town. Hav- ing from this time a distinct and complete or- ganization, settlement became more rapid, and consequent upon such settlement and growth and the development of its resources, this has become one of the leading townships of the county. The surrender of lands for the for- mation of Covington and other townships, while it reduced its area and population, made it more compact and more readily improved. The seat of justice, located in the southern cen- tral part of the township, became the natural trading and distributing center for the coun- try roundabout. The chief pursuit followed by the people of the township for many years, outside their regular occupation as farmers, was lumber- ing. Among the early mill erections was that built by Hopkins Boone, John and Maxwell Long and William Porter, on Clearfield Creek, about a quarter of a mile above the old Clear- field bridge, in or about the year 1833. The proprietors were considerably involved and the property was sold to Lewis Passmore about ten or twelve years after its erection. The latter sold to John W. Miller, who removed the building and machinery for the erection of a saw and grist-mill on the creek opposite the old Elder mills, and were known as the Miller mills. They went to decay many years ago. The first erection in the vicinity of "Por- ter's Mill," was made about 1836, by Philip Antes and George Leech, with an interest owned by Christopher Kratzer. A saw-mill on the east side of the river was first built. The property went to James T. Leonard on forced sale, but was afterward deeded to the Antes boys, and by them to William Porter and Philip C. Heisy. Porter bought the Heisy interest. The first grist-mill on the place was erected by William Porter in 1877, at a cost of nearly ten thousand dollars. It burned in 1882. Another mill was immedi- ately erected in its place, larger and of greater capacity, at a cost of about seventeen thousand dollars. Subsequently the roller process ma- chinery was introduced into this mill and was purchased by W. R. McPherson. On the site of the Ferguson mills in the year 1842, George B. Logan and Thomas Read built a saw -mill on the south side of the river, and about 1850, built a grist-mill on the north bank. A division of the property was made by which Logan took the grist-mill, and Reed the saw-mill, but subsequently Lo- gan became the owner of the whole property. About i860 he sold to the Farmers' Company, but that was not a successful organization and the property came back to Logan again. In the early eighties George E. Ferguson became owner and proprietor. The dam across the West Branch was constructed at the time the first mill was built. On the site formerly occupied by Matthew Ogden's pioneer mill on Moose Creek, there was built by Alexander Irvin, in the year 1830, a substantial grist-mill. Irvin sold to Richard Shaw, who operated it until his death, when it went to Richard Shaw, Jr. About the year 1842, William Bigler and 298 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY William Powell built a saw mill in the south part of the township, and afterward christened it the "Doniphan Mill," in honor of Colonel Doniphan of Mexican War fame. After Mr. Bigler's election to the office of governor of the State, the property went to the firm of G. L. Reed & Co. It has also been owned by Weaver and Betts, William Brown, Daniel Mitchell and again by Weaver and Betts. The Ringgold Mill was built by George R. Barrett and Christopher Kratzer, in the year 1847, on Clearfield Creek, about Iialf a mile from the railroad bridge, the cost being about seven thousand dollars. During the extremely high water on the creek that year, the mill was carried down stream to the river, and thence down to Karthaus bridge, where all trace of it was lost, no part ever being recovered. A ne\\ mill was immediately erected on the site of the former structure. Both of these were among the very best in the lumber country, the first being an unusually fine mill. It was a double mill, having two saws, and manufac- tured a large amount of lumber for that time. The dam built by the owners was very objec- tionable to raftsmen on account of its height, and many were the rafts and arks that went to pieces in attempting its passage. The prop- erty was afterward sold to W'ilson Hoover, and burned while he owned it. Although Lawrence is one of the pioneer .townships of the county, and in all matters of county progress and advancement, she is not entitled to first honor in matters of education so far as the first school erected is concerned, but from the best authority obtainable, the second schoolhouse was built in the township in the year 1806. This was located north and east from Clayville tow-n nearly opposite the mouth of Clearfield Creek. Here the redoubt- able Samuel Fulton taught, and was after- ward followed by Miss Davis and Miss Goon. An old school was built about twenty rods above the covered bridge at Clearfield town, on the west side of the river within the limits of the present borough of West Clearfield. The exact date of its erection is unknown. Among the early teachers there can be remembered the names of John Campbell, Miss Brockway and Benjamin Merrell. MORRIS TOWNSHIP This tow'nship was erected by a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Clearfield Count}-, dated April 3rd, 1836, and was named in honor of the Hon. Robert Morris, a dis- tinguished patriot of the Revolutionary War. The township is bounded on the north by Graham Township, on the east by Cooper Township, and part of the dividing line be- tween Centre and Clearfield Counties, on the south by Decatur Township and on the west by Boggs Township. The Township contains fine coal deposits and many well cultivated farms. The popula- tion, according to the census of 1910, was 4994- Morris township as laid out by the viewers was perhaps as irregular in conformation as any in the county, and at the same time it was numbered among the larger in superficial area. It extended from a point opposite and west of Philipshurg on the south, to the West Branch on the north, a mean distance of something like thirteen miles, and while it has no parallel sides, its average width was about six or seven miles. This, of course, is an estimate of its area before any of its territory was taken for the fonnation of other townships. The West Branch River formed the north, and the Mo- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 299 shannon the east boundary. Having such ex- tensive water boundary, of course Morris town- ship was well cut by smaller streams tributary to the larger ones named above. Among these tributary to the Susquehanna were Big Run, Wilhelm Run, Alder Run, Rolling Stone Run, and Basin Run. Those that discharged their waters into the Aloshannon were Crawford Run, Weber Run, Moravian and Little Mora- vian Runs (neither, however, being the stream that is correctly so named). Grass Flat Run, Brown's Run, Big Run, Hawk Run. and Emigh Run. It will be seen that some of these names correspond with names of other streams in other townships, which is due to the fact that many of these names were applied at a more recent date bj' persons not thoroughly acquaint- ed with the county. In the year next succeeding that in which " Morris township was erected (1837), James Allport made an enumeration of the taxable inhabitants, the enumeration or assessment roll containing the following names: James All- port, Robert Ardery, Henn.' Beams. Abraham Brown, John Brown. David Cooper, John Coonrod, William Dillon, George R. Dillon. Joseph Denny, Samuel Davison, David Dale, William Everhart, Martin Flegal. Valentine Flegal, David Flegal, Samuel C. Hall, George Hoover. Thomas Hancock, Vincent Holt. Nich- olas Heister, John Hoover, William M. Hunter, John W. Irvin, Leonard Kyler, Jacob Wise, William Shimmel. George Shimmel, Sr.. Philip Shimmel. Jacob F. Runk, John Ready. Chris- tian Roubly, John Roubly, John Beams. Jacob Beams, Jonas Bumbarger, Henry Bumbarger, Jacob Gearhart, Valentine Gearhart. David Gearhart. Peter Gearhart, John L. Gearhart, David Gray, Peter Gray, Jeremiah Hoover, Samuel Hoover, Evans Hunter, Reuben Hunt- er, Abraham Kyler, John B. Kyler, Henry Lorain, John Merrj'man, Joseph Morrison, Ja- cob Pierce, William Ricord, Joseph Senser, Frederick Senser, Moses Thompson, Samuel C. Thompson, Samuel Waring. The total amount of the assessment for the year 1837, as shown by the roll made by Mr. Allport, was $14,318- In the year 1861, nearly twenty-five years after the above enrollment was made, John Rayhorn became the assessor of the township, and as such made a list of the persons residents of the township, who were subject to militia duty, the names being as follows : John Will, George Kehner, Michael Leibatt, Daniel Beams, Joseph Fulmer, Christian Hartle, Robert Ro- senhoover, John Miller. John Weaver, Adam Knobb, John Stipple. William McKee. David Wagoner, G. L. Clapland, George Steinca- richner. John Wait, Jacob May, John Steer, John Keen, Vincent Flegal, Miles Pelton, W. E. A\^illiams, George Wise, John Troy. Wil- liam Rothrock, David Shimmel, Harn,' Glea- son. Elwood Dehaven. Reuben Wait, Peter Munce, C. P. Wilder, Leonard Kyler, David Kyler, Zachariah Jones, David Cramer, Jesse Beams, George D. Hess, Daniel Zones, John Hoover. It is observed from the foregoing roll that there was a strong element of German settlers that came to the vicinity subsequent to the erection and prior to the year 1861. This lo- cality was. before this growth, largely popu- lated with Germans, or descendants from Ger- man parents. They were, and always have been a thrifty, energetic and progressive class of people, and make admirable citizens. Amongst the first settlers of the township was Captain Jacob Wise, who located in the southern part, cleared up a farm, and also car- 300 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ried on blacksmithing. The "Captain," as he was always called, was endowed with quite a military spirit, and figured conspicuously in military gatherings in his day, and many a good joke that came from him was enjoyed by his many friends. He lived to a good old age and his death was much lamented by his many friends and neighbors. He reared a large fam- ily of children. -\nodier of the old citizens of the township was Samuel C. Thompson, who located near to Captain Wise's, and cleared up a fine fami. He raised a large family. Being a man of good education and fine judgment, he was elected justice of the peace, and served in that capacity for fifteen years. His land being un- derlaid with a vein of excellent bituminous coal, he opened up the bed and supplied the home de- mand with coal ; the only coal that could be used for blacksmithing in tlie whole neighborhood for many years. He was also elected to the oftice of county commissioner, and filled it with credit to himself and the township. He subsequently sold his farm and timber land and removed to near Hublersburg, Centre county. Tlie land belonging to Captain Wise was sold to D. W. Holt & Co., who opened up the coal, commenced and carried on a very successful business for a number of years. Then they sold to R. B. Wigton & Co., who enlarged and increased the business. Mr. Holt was for- merly a citizen of Bradford township, this county, but as an enterprising lumbennan, came to this township and purchased a part of the pine timber known as the Allport timber. After the second year's operation in square timber, he built a large steam saw-mill and en- gaged in the manufacturing of sawed lumber for a few years. He married Miss Catharine .Mlport. Some time later he purchased the Captain Wise property, and commenced operat- ing in the coal business, and was the first to ship coal from Morris township. Shortly after he purchased a valuable property in Thilipsburg, and extended his coal and lumber operations in diliferent parts of the neighborhood very ex- tensively, being one of the foremost among the enterprising men in this vicinity. Another prominent citizen of old Morris township was James Allport, who contributed a great amount to the good of the citizens, and also to the general public. William Hunter, likewise, a very good citizen and kind neighbor, was among the pioneers of Morris township, as were also David Dale, George R. Dillen, and John \\ . Ir\in. We should also mention John Hoover, Sr.. a worthy and respected citizen, who came to Morris township from Union county at an early day. He raised a large and industrious family, the sons of whom were, or perhaps still are among the people of Cooper township (a part of Morris), which derived its name from David Cooper, one of the first settlers of that part of Morris township known at Cooper Set- tlement, and a stalwart pioneer who crossed' the Allegheny Mountains to make his home in Clearfield county. The sons of John Hoover, Sr., helped to clear up a farm near to the village of Allport, and then passed on northward in Morris town- ship to what is known as Hickor}' Bottom Set- tlement, where they purchased for themselves land in the woods, and by industry and sobriety, and fair dealing became the owners of excel- lent farms. .Among those who settled in that part of the township known as "Cooper Settlement," was Leonard Kyler, Sr., who, with David Cooper, settled at or near Kvlertown, where each of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 301 them opened for themselves large and produc- tive farms, part of which were later sold off in town lots. Leonard Kyler"s family consisted of two sons and three daughters. The sons were John B. and Thomas Kyler, the latter be- ing the founder of the village of Kylertown. John B. Kyler became the son-in-law of David Cooper, and purchased the Cooper farm. He divided a part of it into lots, which fomi a con- siderable part of the village site. John B. Ky- ler lived on the Cooper homestead, and reared a large family. He survived his wife several years, and died about 1883, much lamented by his many friends, as he was a kind and gener- ous neighbor and a consistent member of the Presbyterian Church. Another of the old and worthy citizens of Morris township was Abraham Kyler, famil- iarly called "Uncle Abraham." He was uncle of John B. and Thomas Kyler. He located, at an early day, in the southern end of the town- ship. He was for many years a successful farmer, an honest and upright man, and died an earnest member of the Presbyterian Church. Among the prominent citizens of Kylertown was James Thompson, eldest son of Samuel C. Thompson. His parents came from Centre county to Morris township in 1830. He lived with his father until he arrived at manhood, and while at home received a good common school education. He taught school for a number of years; then worked at the carpen- ter's trade. After that he was employed as clerk by Joseph C. Brenner, at the village of Morrisdale, in this township, where Mr. Bren- ner carried on the mercantile business for a number of years. He also started a branch store at Kylertown, and James Thompson took charge of the store and carried on the bus- iness for a time. Mr. Brenner closed his bus- iness in Kylertown and moved to Williams- port, where he engaged in the lumber business. From there he removed to Philadelphia, where he went into the notion business, and died in 1886. E. C. Brenner, the eldest son of Joseph C. Brenner, was a citizen of Kylertown for over twenty years. He removed here to settle the business of his father. He was appointed postmaster at Kylertown during the adminis- tration of Abraham Lincoln, but, being a Re- publican in politics, was removed, and suc- ceeded by Peter Moyer, Democrat, under the administration of Grover Cleveland. E. C. Brenner was one of the best and most obliging postmasters that there was in the county; the loss of him as postmaster, and his estimable family, on his removal to Philadelphia, was much regretted. He was elected justice of the peace, and served in that office over two years. He made an upright and impartial officer, and was much respected by the general public. Another of the old citizens of Morris, now Cooper township, was James Hughes, who lived one half mile east of Kylertown. He came to this vicinity in 1841 or '42, and mar- ried a daughter of David Cooper, rearing a family of four children. After his wife died he married Mrs. Sarah J. Hall, a widow of Lancaster county. Pa., who, as well as her hus- band, had a family of children. Mr. Hughes was one of the early settlers who helped the old and noted surveyor, Joseph Quay, in sur- veying this and adjoining townships. In the year 1843, Frederick Neabel, a prom- inent German, came to the Cooper Settlement, bought land and commenced clearing up a farm, lumbering in the winter. He made the first timber road to the Susquehanna River, at a point known as the Big Basin, to which place 302 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY he hauled his square timber to be rafted aud run to market. He lived and died a prominent member of the Catholic Church, and was great- ly lamented by a large circle of friends. Jacob Raymond, Sr., was an old pioneer of the German settlement, who came here in 1844, bougiu land and settled near the Cath- olic Church, of which he was a member. He raised a large family of sons and daughters. Amongst the other old settlers of the Ger- man Settlement may be mentioned the names of Joseph and Michael Steindechner, Michael Kader, Christian Hartle, and Robert Rasen- hoover. In 1839 there were but four school-houses in Morris— one in the southern end, which was built on the farm of Abraham Kyler, and was used for a church as well as for school pur- poses; one at Old Morrisdale, now known as Allport ; one on the farm of John Brown, also occasionally used for church or religious meet- ings; one in the German Settlement, known at that time as Cooper Settlement. These houses were built before the common school system came into operation, and could be used in com- mon for school and religious purposes also. As the township became more thickly settled, and when the free school system became adopt- ed it became necessary to have more school- houses and at the present time the educational interests of the township are well cared for. PENN TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Cleai-field County, dated February 4th, 1834. It is bounded on the north by part of Brady Town- ship and by Bloom Township, on the east by Pike Township, on the south by Ferguson and Greenwood townships and on the west by Greenwood and Bell Townships. This township has many fine farms well cultivated and also valuable coal deposits. The population of the township, according to the census of 1910, was 936. The township contains some very high lands, especially in the northern and western part, where the summits rise in places to an altitude of two thousand feet above tide-water. From the river front, on the south, back for a short distance, there is considerable level land, but with a gradual inclination upward as a north or northwest direction is pursued. The town- ship is well watered, although not possessed of any streams of note except where the Sus- quehanna River skirts its south boundaiy. The creeks tributar}' to the river that have their course through the township are Curry's Run, in the extreme west part; Poplar Run, having its course about two miles east from Curr>'"s Run ; Bell's Run, which practically intersects the township, and runs a generally south course just west of the center; Little Ander- son Creek, the course of which is opposite to that of the other streams, running a north and east direction, and is tributary to the greater Anderson Creek, into which its waters are dis- charged in Pike township on the east. Be- sides these, there are other and smaller runs and rivulets incident to a mountainous district. At an early day, and less than ten years after the erection of the county, the lands along the river were nearly all taken up and occupied, so that subsequent pioneers turned to the most available of the hill, or ridge lands, whereon to erect their habitations and make their farms. In this locality, as elsewhere, there was but little to attract the notice of settlers, as the en- tire region w'as densely wooded, and every ?1 c a 2 p p 9 p AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 305 efifort at improvement or cultivation was at- tended with great labor and considerable ex- pense, and ready cash was an exceedingly scarce article at that time. The locality known as the "Grampian Hills," was one of the first settled of the upland dis- tricts of the county. It may be said to have been divided, so far as settlement was con- cerned, into two localities, the one toward the river, on the lower lands, near the base of the "Hill," and that more remote from, and back of the bottom lands, or the "Hills" proper. The lowlands were occupied by the Bells, the Fergusons, and the Fentons, and was subse- quently taken up by John Bennett, Nun Eng- land, William Hepburn, Joseph Spencer, Fran- cis Severns. and Samuel Cochran. From 1805 to 1808, a large tract here was claimed by Charles Smith, but his claim was without foun- dation, and therefore unsuccessful. The Bennett improvement was divided among his heirs. The England lands passed to the ownership of other parties, and most of his family left the county many years ago. Job and George England (sons of Nun), left and went to Ohio ; Isaac moved to Morris town- ship. William Hepburn, of Scotch descent, was a man possessed of many peculiarities, and yet, withal, a good citizen. He died leaving a fam- ily, John and Samuel C, sons, and Catharine, who married James Thompson, being his chil- dren. In the year 1808, Joseph Spencer came with his family, and took up lands that had been purchased from Benjamin Fenton, some four hundred and more acres in extent. He divid- ed his farming and wood lands into four parts, of one hundred acres each, and gave one to each of three sons, retaining one tract for his own use. Joseph Spencer, the pioneer, was of the Society of Friends, and a man highly re- spected in the county. His descendants are numerous in the county. Francis Severns and Samuel Cochran were descendants of African blood. The latter, Cochran, is described as being a light mulatto. His mother, as well as himself, were said to have been born in slavery. Several times Sam- uel escaped from bondage. Once he was cap- tured, and on the other occasions he volunta- rily returned to captivity, but eventually pur- chased his freedom and came north. Early in the present century he came to Clearfield from Lycoming county, and settled, about the year 1804, on the south side of the river. Later he took up some three hundred acres of land in one of the best localities on the Grampian Hills. He cleared over one hundred acres, built a substantial log house, and a large, double log bam. He kept a number of horses and a large quantity of other live stock, and became one of the most thrifty and successful farmers on the "hills." His house was the popular re- sort for teamsters on the old Kittanning turn- pike. Cochran raised a family of several sons and was anxious that they receive a good edu- cation, such that he had not, nor was allowed to acquire during the days of his youth, and in the bonds of slavery. The name of "Grampian Hills" as applied to the locality heretofore mentioned, was not given until the time of the settlement here by Dr. Samuel Coleman, a person of supposed noble birth, who was of Scottish parentage, but who came to this county from the eastern part of the State in the year 1809. From a strik- ing resemblance the locality bore to the Gram- pian Hills of Bonnie Scotland, the doctor gave it this name in honor of his native coun- trv and home. 306 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY The lands, or a very large body of them, in the townships now included by Bell Pike, and Penn, were surveyed in the name o£ Hopkins, Griffith, and Boone, and were afterward known as the Nicklin and Griffith lands. This com- pany gave to Dr. Coleman a tract of about tliree hundred acres as an inducement for him to settle thereon, wliicli lie accepted. In tlie year 1809, he commenced clearing, having the assistance of three men, one named Gibson, and one slave (colored), named Otto. They encamped for a time in an open shed, thatched with brush, and slept on ])ieces of chestnut bark in lieu of beds, and until better quarters could be constructed. Early in the summer of 1809, Joseph Boone and his family reached the home of Esquire McClure, having come up tiie West Branch from Williamsport by boat. The parly pro- ceeded to Coleman's camp in wagons, upon wiiich they slept on the night of their arrival. The next day a cabin was built of logs, and roofed with bark from tiie trees in the vicinit}'. Boone was a man of education and worth; a zealous Catholic, and devoted to his church. He commenced the erection of a grist-mill on Bell's Creek, but through some cause the enter- prise was abandoned. He afterward was chosen prothonotary and recorder of the coun- ty, and held other positions of public trust, all of which he most satisfactorily filled. He lived for several years at Clearfield town. James Moore, formerly a resident of Half Moon township, Centre county, came with his family to the "Hills" in the year 1810. and lo- cated on the site of the village of Pennville, and near which passed the Glen Hope, and Lit- tle Bald Eagle, and also the Punxsutawney turnpikes. This place w^as distant from the river about four miles. Mr. Moore and his sons Jeremiah, Andrew, and James, built a saw- and grist-mill at an early day. James, Jr., was for a time, agent for the Fox and Rob- erts land, so called, an exceedingly large tract owned by a wealthy Philadelphia family. The Moores were a prominent family in the affairs of the locality, always having at heart the interests of all who were around them. They were members of the Society of Friends, and actively participated in the welfare and progress of that society, shows strongly of the efforts of this family, as well as the other res- ident members of that society. Prior to the settlement of the Moore family there had been no regular religious services held in the vi- cinity, although, as early as 1806, Rev. Daniel Stansbury came and preached occasionally in the neighborhood. Rev. Stansbury was a tailor by trade, and his coming was a welcome one on that account, as he could clothe the outer man and provide for his bodily comfort as well as for iiis spiritual welfare. Rev. Linn, of Bellefonte, came to the vicinity and delivered an occasional sermon, but his visits were not frequent. In the year 1822 regular services were begun, and a log edifice was built on Es- quire McClure's land. After years of occu- pancy the old building was abandoned, and a more commodious one was built at Curwens- ville, in Pike township. Among the others of the old settlers of Penn township, and who came in about or soon after the vear 1810, were the families of Samuel Johnson, David Wall, Caleb Davis, Gideon Widmire, Jonathan Wall, Joseph Giddings, Jonathan Taylor, David Allen and others from time to time, down to the erection of the town- ship, in the year 1835, and later. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 307 PIKE TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Centre Coun- ty, to which Clearfield County was then at- tached for judicial purposes, dated November Sessions 1813, and was named in honor of General Zebulon Pike, an officer in the United States xArmy, during the War of 181 2. The township is bounded on the north by Pine Township, on the east by Lawrence township, on the south by Knox Township and west by Bloom, Penn and Ferguson Townships. The township contains many fine and well cultivated farms, also many fine coal and fire clay deposits, which are now being operated on an extensive scale. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 1 67 1. The land of Pike township is mostly of a mountainous character, interspersed with nar- row valleys and rolling plateaus, varying in elevation from eleven hundred to fifteen hun- dred feet above the sea level, and presenting many beautiful scenic effects. On the high table lands, and along the river valley, are lo- cated some of the most productive farms in the county, and despite the extensive lumbering operations of the past many fine bodies of tim- ber still exist. Paul Clover was probably the first settler in the township, having arrived in 1797, and built a house and blacksmith shop where the "corner store," in Curwensville, now stands. Thomas McClure, William AIcNaul, Elisha Fenton. the Blooms, Spencers, Moores, John Smith, Robert Ross, Samuel Caldwell, William Dunlap, the Hartshorns, Robert Maxwell, Dr. J. P. Hoyt, James McCracken, the Rolls, Hugh Hall, John and William Irvin, Arthur Bell, John Patton, Sr., and Daniel Barrett, were among the early pioneers. Dr. J. P. Hoyt came to Clearfield county from Halfmoon Valley, in Centre county, about the year 1814, and located at Curwens- ville. Here he remained for some years, and then removed to a property near Lumber City. He was a man of strict integrity, and by a long life of industry and excellent business abilities accumulated considerable property, which he lived many years to enjoy, dying at the ripe age of ninety-one years. John Patton, Sr., was born in Philadelphia, in 1783; moved to Curwensville in 1828; he served as associate judge of the county for five years; was justice of the peace for a number of years, and died in 1848, aged sixty-five years. Jason Kirk, Sr., came to Clearfield county about 1812; settled in what is now Penn town- ship, at that time in Pike, and was one of the most respected citizens, living to an old age, and leaving a large family. Samuel Caldwell was one of the first set- tlers, arriving about 1804. He was an influ- ential citizen, and left a considerable family. John W. McNaul and. his wife, Sarah, nee Ferguson, emigrated from the northern part of Ireland to this country in about 1793. Mr. McNaul was a Scotchman. On landing in this country they resided, for a short time, in Ches- ter county, thence removing to Lock Haven, and later living in Nittany Valley. Of their eight children, Margaret, James, John and Ann were born in Ireland, W^illiam, Alexander, Zachariah, and Mary, were born in this coun- try. WilliamMcNaul was a tanner, and first started business on his own account in Half- moon, Centre county, where he married Han- nah Way. In the fall of 1813. he, in compa- 308 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ny with Dr. John P. Hoyt (then a young phys- ician practicinjj in Halfmcx)n), started on horse- back, one snowy morning, to cross the moun- tains and see the famous new town of Cur- wensville, recently laid out by John F. Curwen. Early in the following spring William McNaul, witli liis family, moved to Curwensville, occu- pying a log house located on the lot where tlie residence of Mrs. Martha Thompson now is. He soon pnxeeded to erect a iiouse on the site of the present McNaul residence. He also built the tannery adjoining. His children were: Robert, Zachariah. Jane, Urbane, Lydia, John and Mary. The McNauls belong to the Society of Friends, and are most highly respected both at home and abroad. The Hartshorn family is one of the oldest, and is widely connected, and as a class are model, respectable citizens. Benjamin Harts- horn. Sr., was born in 1765. He married Is- abella McClure, and they emigrated from Mary- land to Centre county in the year 1796. In 1806 he moved his family to Clearfield county, living on the land now known as the Jonathan Hartshorn farm. This was then notiiing but woods, and the family endured untold hard- ships before a home could be provided. The children were: Margaret, Anna, Jonathan, William, Benjamin, Nancy, Eliza and Mary Ann, all of whom married, and whose families reside in or near Curwensville. About the year 1750 the family of Spen- cers emigrated from England to America. In 1808 Joseph Spencer, Sr., moved from North- umberland county to Clearfield county. His family consisted of three son.s — Samuel, Joseph, and Jesse — and three daughters. From Ben- jamin Fenton he purchased four hundred and forty acres of land, which was in its primitive state, excepting two acres which was cleared, and had a small log house upon it. The tract was situated between the present site of the village of Pennville and Susquehanna Riv- er, about one mile south of Pennville. This was divided into four farms, the father retain- ing one and .setting apart a fann of corre- sponding size for each of his three sons. Most of the family were and are consistent mem- bers of the Society of Friends, and are emi- nently respectable and prosperous citizens. The Blooms, as a class, are worthy citizens; almost all farmers, and are the largest or one of the largest families in Clearfield county. William Bloom, Sr., was born in Germany, in 1752 and emigrated to this country at an un- certain time, reaching Clearfield county in 1801. Previous to this he had been in the State of New Jersey, also in Centre county. Pa. Dur- ing the Revolutionar)' War he ser\'ed for some time in the ranks. In 1778 he married Mary Metter, who was born in 1754. The pioneer Bloom came to Clearfield county alone, and settled one mile up the river from Cunvens- ville. Pike township is the stronghold of the Blooms. Probably two-thirds of the family are located here. Andrew Moore, Sr., emigrated to America from Ireland in 1688, and settled in Chester county. Pa. James, the second son of Andrew Moore, Jr., was born January 8, 1760, at Sads- Iniry, Chester county. He married in 1785, Lydia, daughter of Abram and Anna Sharpless. In 1795, they removed to Halfmoon, Centre county, and in 18 10, James, with his son Jer- emiah and daughter Lydia, started on foot across the mountains, and in due time arrived at the site of Pennville, in Penn township, Clearfield county. He purchased three hun- dred and seventy-five acres of land; built a cabin, and commenced clearing; the rest of the AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 309 family following. He was a consistent mem- ber of the Society of Friends, and trained up his family in that religious faith. In 1809 Dr. Samuel Coleman settled on a tract of three hundred acres north of the site of Pennville. Dr. Coleman was a Scotchman, and had no family. He gave the name of "Grampian Hills" to his place, remarking that it reminded him of the renowned hills of the same name in Scotland. He held office about the time of the organization of the county, being clerk to the county commissioners. His grave is on the farm of Colonel Miller, of Penn township. At the last meeting of the "County Medical Association" a committee was ap- pointed to solicit subscriptions toward erecting a monument to the memory of the pioneer physician of Clearfield county. The first assessment of the township was made in 1814, and contains the following names : Robert Askey, David Allen, George Brown, Alex. Caldwell, Sam'l Cochran, Jesse Cookson, Wm. Bloom, Jr., Joseph Bloom. Ca- leb Bailey, Benj. Bloom. John Brink, Wm. Bloom, Peter Bloom, John Bloom, Isaac Bloom, John Bell, Arthur Bell, John Bennett, Benj. Carson, Dr. Samuel Coleman, Amos Davis, Wm. Dunlap, Nimrod Derich, D-avid Dunlap, Caleb Davis, Jonathan Evans, Peter Everhart, Joseph Edding, John Fullerton, Da- vid Ferguson, John Ferguson, Jonah Griffith, John Haughenberry, Hugh Hall, Benj, Harts- born, Wm. Hepburn, James Hayes, Saml.- Johnson, Mark Miller Jordon, John Kyler, Jason Kirk, John Kirk, David Liggit. Elijah Meredith, Sam'l Miller, Robert Maxwell, Jos. McCracken, Robert McGee, Robert McCrack- en, John McCracken, Thomas McClure, Thos. McCracken, James McCracken, Daniel Mc- Cracken, James Moore, Job Ogden, Job Par- ker, Merchant; Abraham Passmore, James Reed, Alexander Reed, Jr., Alex. B. Reed, Wm. Reed, John Rolls, blacksmith; Geo. Shaffer, Geo. Shaffer, Jr., Wm. Smith, Nicholas Shaw, John Stuggart, Philip Stuggart, Joseph Spencer, Joseph Spencer, Jr., Sam'l Spencer, Francis Severas, Wm. Tate, James Woodside, David Walls, John Wrigley, merchant; Geo. Williams, weaver; Gideon Widemire, Geo. Welsh, Jacob Wilson. Town lots in Cunvengville were assessed at $12.50; cows, $10; horses, $30; unimproved land, and timber at $1 per acre; farm land at $2 to $3 per acre. The early settlers experienced many trials and privation. The roads were but little more than trails through the woods. Indians frequently visited the locality and usually en- camped on the bank of the river. An Indian burial-place was located at the mouth of An- derson Creek, and before the floods had made inroads on the lands, stone arrow-heads, and tomahawks were occasionally found. In 1819 Mathew Caldwell cut out the first road from Curwensville to Bloomington. The principal towns are Bloomington and Olanta. (For Curwensville borough see succeeding chapter). PINE TOWNSHIP This township was erected by an act of the Legislature approved the loth day of April 1873. It has practically no inhabitants and no separate township organization, but for the purpose of taxation, is annexed as a part of Lawrence Township. The township is bounded on the north by Huston Township, on the east by Lawrence Township, on the south by Pike Township and on the west by Union Township. It consists mostly of a vast wilderness. 310 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY The population of the township, according to the census of 1910 was 32. SANDY TOWNSHIP This township was erected By a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Clearfield County at September Sessions 1878. It is bounded on the north by part of the dividing line between Jefferson and Clearfield counties and part of the dividing line between Elk and Clearfield Counties, on the east, by Huston and part of Union Townships, on the south by Brady Township, and on the west by part of the dividing line between Jefferson and Clear- field Counties. The township contains valuable coal depos- its, which have been operated for a number of years, also many valuable fanns, and is one of the most prosperous townships in the County. The population, according to the census of 1910 was 5695. Prior to 181 2 John Casper Stoeber had pre- empted some land in western Pennsylvania, which came in possession of Mr. Stoeber's daughter, who was married to a Mr. Scheffer, father of Michael, George, and Frederick Scheffer (now all dead), and ancestor of the present generations of Shafers — as they now write it — in Sandy township. In 181 2 the senior Scheffer left Dauphin county, Pennsylvania, with his family, and set- tled on the pre-empted land of his father-in-law. John Casper Stoeber, which was situated near the present limits of DuBois, then belonging to Centre county. They landed on May 12, 181 2, and on the next day erected a "bark shanty," beside a cooling spring. There was no store nearer than "Old Town" — as Clear- field was then called. The merchants at the time "wagoned" their goods from Philadel- phia. The nearest mill was on the Clarion River, forty miles distant. In 1814, however, a mill was built at Curwensville, on the Susque- hanna River, nineteen miles distant. These early settlers subsisted chiefly on deer and bear meat, and other game. They lived here for ten long and lonesome years before they had any neighbors. Soon after this time some Gennans commenced to settle about Trout- ville, which section was long known by the local name of "Germany." J. P. Taylor and W. N. Prothero were elect- ed the first justices of the peace. After the incorporation of DuBois, 1879, J. A. Bowersox and J. R. Keel were elected justices; the latter resigned, and John Lank- ard was appointed until the next municipal election (February, 1884), when William Lid- del was elected to fill the regular term. J. A. Bowersox at the expiration of his first term was re-elected in February, 1886. Samuel Postlethwait was the first township treasurer, and served four years. He was followed in 1883 by Michael Shaffer, who served four years, and was re-elected in February, 1887. The first constable in the township was Henry Raught. The population in 1880, estimated (including Du Bois), 3,700. (See borough of DuBois in succeeding chapter.) The first store in Sandy township at "West Liberty," as far as known, was opened by John Hoover, followed by Joseph Gathers, and he by S. Lobough. "Jerry" Heasly established a foundry about this time; John Heberling opened a general store, which he kept for about twenty years, he also was postmaster during this period at W^est Liberty — post-office name, "Jefferson Line." The post-office was re- moved in 1885 to the railroad "cut," at the point where the railroad crosses the "Water- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 311 ford and Erie" pike, there being a regular sta- tion of the same name as the post-office, "Jef- ferson Line." The first practical mining in this township was commenced in 1874 or '75 by the "Centen- nial colliery," opened and operated by Messrs. Jones Bros, in 1876. This colliery, being lo- cated on disputed land, there was more or less litigation from the start, which culminated in the shooting of Montgomery, a representative claimant, by Peter Jones (of the firm of Jones Bros.) in self-defense, in May 4, 1878. The mines were shortly after abandoned. In 1876 the Sandy Lick Gas, Coal and Coke Company commenced to ship coal. They em- ployed about one hundred men, and shipped about five hundred tons per day. Mr. Miles B. McHugh was superintendent. This com- pany operated a few years, when trouble arose between it and Messrs. Bell, Lewis & Yates, on the question of royalty due the latter, which resulted in the closing of the "drift," when the Sandy Lick Company opened the "Hildrup" mine on the opposite side of Sandy Lick Creek, but it too was finally closed. The firm of Bell, Lewis & Yates began to develop its property in the year 1876 (con- sisting of about four thousand acres, lying prin- cipally in Sandy township), under the manage- ment of A. J. McHugh. They shipped their first coal from Rochester mines on March 2'], ^877- , The early educational efforts and interests were identical and equally shared with Brady township, from which township the greater portion of Sandy was taken. At the time of the organization of the township in 1881, there were nine schools with two hundred and eighty- one pupils, male and female. The number of schools had grown to thirteen in 1887, with five hundred and ninety pupils. The educational interests are in a fair stage of development, and the public school fund in a healthy con- dition. UNION TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the Court of Quarter Sessions of Clearfield Coun- ty, dated December Term 1848. It is bounded on the north by parts of Sandy and Huston Townships, on the east by Pine Township, on the South by Bloom Township and on the west by parts of Brady and Sandy Townships. Although a large part of this township is not suitable for agriculture, yet in the northern part of the township are many farms well cul- tivated, and very productive. The population of the township according to the census of 1910 was 785. The main stream of the township is Ander- son Creek. Its source is in Huston, on the north, from whence it flows a generally south course, entirely across Union, enters Bloom, then bears to the east by south into Pike, and discharges its waters into the Susquehanna River, at the borough of Curwensville. An- derson Creek is a stream of considerable size. The runs auxiliary to the creek, and emptying into the same from the east, are Montgomery Run and Blanchard Run, each of which lay almost wholly within the township. On the west and having its entire course within the township, is Dressier Run, so named for the Dressier family, who were pioneers in this lo- cality, and one of the most respected of the early settlers. The stream known as Sandy Creek also has its head-waters in the western part of Union township, from which it flows a north and west course into Brady, thence across that township and into Jefferson county 312 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY on tlie west. Sandy, although of less size than Anderson Creek, has been nearly as prominent as the latter, during the period of extensive lumber operations, for which both of these streams have been so noted. The settlers who were possessed of sufficient hardihood and determination to attempt an improvement in this remote locality at an early day, were indeed scarce, and, in fact, no such attempt was made until the river and bottom lands were well-nigh taken up. The only pos- sible inducement, even after the first quarter century of the county's history had been made, was the presence of Anderson's Creek, and its course through the township. This was then parts of Brady and Pike townships. Across the line in Brady there were a few straggling settlers, but generally, the country was a heav- ily w(joded district with hardly sufficient open- ing for the erection of a cabin. Caleb Bailey was born in Lycoming county in the year 1797, and came with his father to this county about the year 1809. .After hav- ing resided in the upper part of the county for about eighteen years, he moved to lands that were, in 1848, erected into Union township, the line being especially run so as to include the Bailey farm within the new township. Another of the pioneer settlers in this re- gion was John Laborde, a native of Lancaster county. He came to this county in the early part of the year 1828, and located in Brady township, but two years later moved to a point a short distance from Rockton village, where he made an improvement. His brother, David Laborde, lived nearly a mile west of this. They were the first settlers in the vicinity. Both had large families. The children of John Laborde were John, Peter, Jacob, David, Christopher, Polly, who married Henry Lin- inger: Peggy, Barbara, who married George Doney ; and Betsey, who married Lewis Do- ney. The early life in the township was at- tended with great privations and dangers, and the Laborde's seem to have had their full share of each. There was no store nearer than Curwensville, and no mill nearer than Penn- \ille. The country at times seemed full of panthers and other dangerous animals, and various members of the family occasionally came in contact with them. John Hollopeter came soon after and com- menced an improvement on the line of the pike leading to Luthersburg and west of Rockton. Matthias Hollopeter, brother of John, came to the county a year later and took up his res- idence with John. He soon began an im- provement, and by hard and steady work made a good farm. In the year 1839 John Brubaker came to the county and commenced an improvement on lands which he yet occupies about half a mile north of Rockton village. Mr. Brubaker was a native of Mifflin county, now Juniata county, and was born in the year 1810. In his family were nine children, viz. : Mary, Fanny, Dan- iel. Susan, Sarah, John, Joseph, Reuben and Jacob. About the year 1840 Mr. Brubaker built a still-house that the product of his fann might be utilized. This he was compelled to do as grain was then a drug in the market, and the merchants at Clcaiiicld would not receive it in exchange for goods. About 1843 o"" i844 he commenced drawing shingles and boards to Clearfield town from a small mill he had built on Sandy Creek. This proceeding was looked upon by his neighbors as a piece of folly, but when they saw the good results of it, numer- ous other saw-mills were soon afterward erected, and lumbering became a leading pur- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 313 suit, and agriculture was proportionately neg- lected. About this time, or possibly a little earlier, Jacob Burns came to the region. He built a cabin and commenced an improvement in the Dressier neighborhood. He remained here but a short time when he sold out to Dressier, and moved over on Anderson Creek, where he built a cabin and made a clearing, the first in that section. This was about a mile above the old mills at Lower Rockton. Burns soon found another opportunity to sell to good advantage, which he did, and moved still further east in the township, which was then a part of Pike. John Dressier, who is mentioned as having succeeded Jacob Burns, was born in Union county,, and came to Clearfield county in the year 1841. The farm he occupied is now reck- oned among the best in the county. At the time he purchased it there was no settlement nearer than three miles. The Dresslers have been among the most thrifty and enterprising people of the township. John Dressier died in 1856. He had a large family consisting of twelve children, seven daughters and five sons. David Dressier, his son, was the first justice of the peace elected in the township after its organization. Henry Whitehead was a native of England and came to this country nearly a half century ago. He took lands on the turnpike leading from Clearfield to Luthersburg, on the east side of Anderson Creek. By hard work and energy he made a fine fami, one of the best in the eastern part of the township. The Welty family came into Union town- ship in the year 1855, from Brady, where they settled in 1832, and was among the pioneers in the region north of Luthersburg. David Welty was the head of this family. He was born in Centre county in 1807. His first pur- chase in this township comprised about one hundred and sixty-five acres of land, but by subsequent purchases he acquired a tract of about five hundred acres. Incidental mention has been made of the fact that John Brubaker built a small saw and shingle-mill on Sandy Creek about the year 1843, from which he hauled the first lumber and shingles to Clearfield, and there found a market. Within the short period of eight or ten years thereafter, other mills were built by David Horn, Joseph Lyons, John Dressier, John HoUopeter and Philip Laborde. The other early mills were owned by Samuel Arn- old and one Munn, the latter living at the mouth of Little Anderson Creek. At an early day and something like fifty years ago, Jason Kirk and Jeremiah Moore, two substantial residents of Penn township, came to the waters of Anderson Creek at the point now known as Lower Rockton, where they built a mill. The land hereabouts, to the extent of fifty acres, was given them for a mill-site, on condition that they make the im- provements. Here was built a saw-mill, and subsequently a grist-mill. A store was estab- lished here many years ago. There stood at Lower Rockton an old build- ing that was formerly occupied as a woolen- mill, the property of William F. Johnson, of Pennville. The saw and grist-mills, and other property at this point were owned by Joseph Seiler and sons, who became proprietors thereof in the year 1877. Upper Rockton was started through the efforts of John Brubaker, and others engaged in lumbering. A steam- power feed-mill, owned and operated by Jason E. and David W. Kirk was built during the year 1885. 314 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY The first school in the township stood near this place. It was built prior to 1839, a log structure with a board roof. Some years later it was replaced with a more substantial and modern building. An enrollment of the taxable inhabitants of Union township, made by R. W. Moore, as- sessor, in the year 185 1. showed the following list of residents and landowners for that year, who were of the age of twenty-one years and upwards : Josiah Boomel, Jacob Burns, Peter H. Booze, Caleb Bailey, Daniel Brubaker, Roljert Britton, Henry Baily, John Brubaker, Josepii Cuttle, John Clowser, George Clowser, John Cunningham, Nicholas Doney, Lewis Doney, George Doney, David Dupler, Frank- lin Dutry, John Dupler, Sr., John Dupler. Jr., Enos Doney, Isaac Graham, Jacob Gilnett. Jolin Haze. David Horn, Jr., Matthias Hollo- peter. Elias Horn, Jr., Samuel Horn, Jr., John Hare, John Hollopeter. Jr.. Samuel Hare, Frederick Hollopeter. Jr.. David Irwin. John Kritzer. John Kiesigle. Hugh Krise, Jacob Laborde. John Laborde. Sr., Luther & Car- lisle, Joseph Longacre, Peter Laborde, Philip Laborde, David Laborde, Jr., Henry Lininger, John Laborde, Jr.. David Laborde, Sr.. Peter Laborde. Jr.. Abram Laborde. Christian La- borde, Nathan Lines, John Long, Moore & Whitehead, Samuel Miles. R. Moore. Jr., Moore & Kirk, John Nelson. Jr., Jolm Potter, Jr., John Potter. Sr.. John Pawley. Daniel Pawley. Henry Shull. William Shull. Alexan- der Schofield. Shaw & Lines, Joseph Scho- field. Henry Whitehead, Jonas Weller, John H. Reed and Samuel East. WOODWARD TOWNSHIP This township was erected by a decree of the court of quarter sessions of Clearfield county dated February 3, 1846, and was named in honor of the late Judge Woodward. The township is bounded on the north by Boggs and Decatur townships, on the east by Decatur township, on the south by Bigler and Gulich townships and on the west by Bigler and Knox townships. This township has some of the finest coal deposits in the county, and these have been op- erated on a large scale for many years. The population, according to the census of 1910, was 2,535. The major portion of the lands in this town- ship were owned by Hardman Philips, and were settled upon by the same class of people who settled Decatur township, and w ho bought their lands from Mr. Philips. This gentleman sold his lands to these pion- eers on credit, and as they were very poor he never expected to get very much out of them in payment, but would take a sack of meal, a bushel of potatoes, or oats, or wheat, or any- thing they could spare in settlement of what they owed him. Or, if they could not pay any- tiiing, it was all the same. On his return to England he placed his accounts in the hands of Josiah W. Smith. Esq.. of Clearfield, who was as lenient as the owner. One of the oldest settlers in this township was Henry Cross, an Irishman, who settled on a farm now in sight of Beulah Qiurch. in 1818. Another old settler was the father of Mathew McCully, who settled near Mr. Cross, in 1827, on a piece of land now immediately in front of Beulah church, and later owned by T. C. Heims. Mr. McCully was but two years old when his father carried him to that fann. or rather that spot in the forest, and he spent a long and happy life in the wilds of Clearfield county. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 315 Robert Stewart moved into the Wheatland Settlement in 1829, having come from Chester county. He died during the year 1886, aged nearly one hundred and five years. In 1837 Hugh Henderson moved from Phil- ipsburg to a piece of land he had purchased from James Allport, one hundred and forty- seven acres, near what is now called the San- born Settlement. Mr. Henderson had emi- grated ten years before from the parish of Donahachie, County Tyrone, Ireland. He was the father of six children — Thomas, Robert, William, Samuel, James and Margaret. The boys of this family, being hard workers, soon acquired sufficient means to purchase additional lands, and marrying, they branched out for themselves, buying lands near the parent farni, and thus helping to clear this township. As proved afterwards, all the lands in this and Decatur township were underlaid with coal, though these old settlers never dreamt of such a thing, or at least if they knew it, did not sup- pose it would be of any value to them. Coal was opened and worked for smithing, and local consumption as early as 1804, on the Hawkins place, near Philipsburg, but was not accounted of much value to its owner. The fami bought by Samuel Henderson at the head of Goss Run, was sold in 1873 to John Whitehead, and the celebrated Ocean colliery was opened upon it. James Hegarty was another pioneer of this township, emigrating with his father from Ire- land when eleven years old, in 1808, and set- tling on lands later known as the "X Roads" farm, in 1820. He afterwards purchased three hundred acres in what is now known as Geu- lich township. Mr. Hegarty died on the 31st of May, 1846, leaving a family of four chil- dren. Rev. John M. Chase is another old settler, having early cleared a farm on Clearfield Creek, in Happy Valley. Mr. Chase was a minister of the Baptist Church, ha\'ing been or- dained a pastor of the church near his place in 1871. Christian Shoff, of Osceola Mills, was another old settler of this township. Mr. Shoff's grandfather settled near the vil- lage of Puseyville, at the lower ford. That his father, Samuel Shofif, settled near Glen Hope in 181 1, is known, and Christian was born there in 1830. When five years old his father moved to Wheatland, now called Amesville. This, then, may be called the first settlement of the hamlet of Amesville. Shoff, the father, moved in company with Benjamin ^Vr!ight, Billy Myrtle, Abraham Kady, Robert Hag- gerty, and John Whiteside, the descendants of whom still inhabit the farms in and around this place. The Alexander family are later addi- tions to the township, but still can be styled old settlers. Lumbering occupied the time of these old pioneers as much as farming. The township being covered with a most magnificent pine and hemlock forest, they, in winter, felled the pine trees, squared them, rafted the timber, and ran it to market by way of Clearfield Creek and the Susquehanna River. Wages for hewers in those days was sixty-two and one-half cents per day of twelve hours. Logging, or cutting the trees into logs dif- ferent lengths, was not commenced for some time after the lumbering, or the making of square timber, and when the first logs were placed in the creek to be run out on the first flood, the anger of the lumbermen was so raised against the loggers that a number of them proceeded to chop the logs to pieces, while 316 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY others drove nails and spikes into the logs so that they could not be sawed. A lawsuit was the result, which was gained by the loggers, and thereafter logs and rafts had equal rights to the water. William K. Dickinson was the f^rst man to run logs, and his logs were the ones destroyed. In 1847 a verA' heavy flofxl occurred in the waters leading from the county, the river be- ing ten feet higher than has l)een known since. In 1865 another flood occurred, but not so dis- astrous as the preceding one. Mills for the manufacturing of lumber were built as early as the forties, but it was not un- til 1854 that the first mill was built in the town- ship. This was Houtz, Reed & Co.'s mill at Houtzville (now Brisbin). Another mill was built above Houtzdale, about a mile, by Dull & Kessler, in 1867. The lumber from these two mills was hauled by tram-road to Moshannon mines in 1868, and shipped by rail. The Reeds built another mill in what is now Houtzdale, in 1869, and from that date on nu- merous mills were built, notably Heim's mill, in 1871, situated two miles west of Osceola Mills: Kephart & Bailey's "bill mill," in 1873, one mile west of the same place. Isaac Tay- lor also built a mill on Cual Run in 1869, and S. S. Kephart has a mill there yet. Jesse Dig- gins built a mill on Goss Run, a little below Houtz. Reed & Go's mill, in 1873, and a man named McOmber had a portable mill at the head of Goss Run as early as 1868. while J. A. G. White built the first shingle mill near Osce- ola Mills in 1867. Thomas Henderson also built a mill near his farm in 1S77, and a Mr. Allport one at the head of Coal Run the same year. McCaulley & Ramey built a mill at Stirling in 1870, and another one at a point now called Ramey in 1874. The timber of this region was so fine that sticks squared one foot, and seventy-six feet long, were furnished for the Centennial buildings, and seventy-two feet long for the insane asylum at Norristown. Beyer & Kirk built a mill near Morgan Run in 1882, and another near Madera in 1885. Messrs. Fryberger & Fee had a shingle-mill in operation near Houtzdale in 1881, and Walker Brothers one on Morgan Run, and William Lu- ther one at Madera, while Frederick Ramey had another at Osceola Mills. There was another saw-mill one mile south of Osceola Mills, and another three miles west of the same place, and though these last two were in Centre county, just over the line, yet they helped to clear the forests of this side of the county line. Mr. Mays and John Hamerly built a plan- ing-mill one mile west of Houtzdale in 1874. This mill was afterwards sold to Samuel T. Henderson, and by him to Giles Walker in 1885, but Mr. Walker re-sold the mill to Hen- derson in 1886. The shipment of luml)er from this region from 1867 to 1884 was 1,082,742 tons, aver- aging two tons per thousand feet, aggregating 541,371,000 feet of lumber. This only rep- resents the amount manufactured in the town- ships under review. There was a large amount of logs cut and floated to market. Jacob Kep- ler logged the southern side of the A. B. Long tract as early as 1858, while Howard Matley and John Bordeaux logged the Moshannon Coal Company's tract in 1869. The Moshannon Branch Railroad was built in 1869, and from that time improvements have followed each other very fast. The pop- ulation in 1872, when Houtzdale was taken from it. was eighteen hundred, while in 188^; AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 317 it was over ten thousand, by adding the bor- oughs and townships erected witliin its borders since the foraier date. A most sangiiinaiy battle, so tradition has it, was fought between General Anthony Wayne and the Indians, about half a mile south of Houtzdale, and the graves of the slain can be distinctly traced. Many relics, bones, ar- row-heads and other relics have been picked up around the spot, and the trees bore many a mark of the conflict. In fact, when these trees were felled and hauled to the mills to be sawed they often destroyed the saws and en- dangered the life of the sawyer by coming in contact with some stone implement or arrow- head imbedded in the wood. Before the advent of the railroad, however, Dr. Houtz, who had bought large tracts of lands in the township, and on which Houtz- dale, Brisbin, and a number of villages stand, determined to make a way to get his lumber to market, and, with this end in view, he dep- utized his son-in-law, George j\I. Brisbin, to come into the township and see what could be done. Mr. Brisbin came here, then, before the advent of railroads, though the Tyrone and Clearfield railway was talked about. He proposed and actually surveyed a route for a plank road from Osceola Mills to Jeansville, and Madera, about ten miles. This was to be supplemented by a tramroad, so as to enable them to haul their lumber to the railroad. This plank and tramroad was never destined to be built, however, for when Mr. Brisbin had everything ready to commence, the Messrs. Knight, who owned the extensive coal lands at ]\Ioshannon, came along and asked Dr. Houtz to join with them and build a railroad three miles long. The doctor agreed to this, as it would bring his lands within one mile of an outlet, and the road was built. This was the first of the Moshannon Branch. Mr. Bris- bin then built a tramroad from the mills at "Houtzville," as it was then called, to Moshan- non, one mile long, and hauled his lumber to that point and shipped it. The cause of the sudden increase of popula- tion was the opening the coal beds. It has not been all prosperity, however. The miners did not always work, but created an occasional ■disturbance by striking. The first general strike occurred in January, 1869, but it did not last very long. Wages were advanced about fifteen per cent. Since then other strikes have taken place with varying success. Madera is a village situated on the east side of Clearfield Creek, four miles from Houtz- dale. It was fonnerly called Puseyville, after Charles Pusey, who owned the land upon which it was built, and who erected saw-mills and a large grist-mill near the town site. The town is surrounded with hills in which are nu- merous coal beds. (For Brisbin and Houtz- dale boroughs see succeeding chapter.) CHAPTER XXn' THE BOROUGHS Historical Sketches of the Boroughs of Brisbin, Bnrnside, Chester Hill, Clearfield, Coalport, Cunvensville, DuBois, Glen Hope, Grampian, Houtzdale, In'ona, Lumber City, Mahaffey, Newburg, New Washington, Osceola Mills, Ramey, Trouti'Ule, IVallaceton and Westover. BOROUGH OF BRISBIN The Borough of Brisbin is situated on lands formerly owned by Dr. Daniel Houtz of Alex- andria, Pa., and was named in honor of George M. Brisbin, Esq., of Osceola Mills, a son-in-law of Dr. Houtz. Mr. Brisbin had charge of what are known as the Houtz lands for Dr. Houtz, and located where the town of Brisbin now is in 1854 and erected a saw-mill, which was operated until 1869. In 1874 the Moshannon Branch of the Pennsylvania Rail- road was extended to Brisbin and in 1880, Hoover, Hughes & Company having pur- chased a large quantity of timber in the neigh- borhood, erected a steam saw-mill at Brisbin and operated it until May 27, 1881, when it was burned and was immediately rebuilt and continued to be operated until the timber was manufactured. The borough was incorporated on January 8, 1883, and (in June 20th of the same year, a postofiicc was established, John E. Vaughn was appointed postmaster. The coal operations in the neighborhood of the town were rapidly developed after the building of the railroad and the population continued to increase and the town prospered and was a thriving place until on the 2nd of May, 1884, it was totally destroyed by fire. The fire first started in the woods, west of the town, and spread so rapidly that the inhabit- ants were not able to save any of their prop- erty or personal belongings, but were forced to flee for their lives. One aged lady, who after reaching a place of safety, returned to try to save her cow, lost lier life. Although greatly discouraged by the de- struction of their town, the people of Brisbin went bravely to work to rebuild their homes and soon a new Brisbin sprang up and pros- pered until the timber on the adjoining lands was cut and manufactured and the coal under- neath exhausted, since which time Brisbin has not increased much in population or business. Tlie present population is about five hundred. The town has tlirce churches, good public schools and is supplied with water and electric light from the neighboring town of Houtzdale. BOROUGH OF BURNSIDE The Borough of Burnside was incorporated October 5, 1874. and is situated in Burnside township, in the southwestern corner of the 318 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 319 county, on the West Branch of the Susque- hanna River. The town is located on high ta- ble land and surrounded by a beautiful farm- ing country. It is reached by the Cambria & Clearfield division of the Pennsylvania Rail- road. In tlie lumbering days of Clearfield county, Burnside was a thriving and prosperous com- munity, but since the cutting out of the timber in that section of the county, the borough of Burnside has been dependent for its prosperity upon the trade from the surrounding terri- tory. The town has three churches, and a good schoolhouse. The present population of the borough is four hundred and ninety-three (493). UOROUGH OF CHESTER HILL The Borough of Chester Hill is situated in Decatur township, on the western bank of the Moshannon Creek, which stream is one of the boundaries between the counties of Clearfield and Centre. The town was laid out by the late Jacob F. Steiner, who located there in 1849 and engaged in the lumber business. The borough was incorporated in the year 1883. Although Chester Hill is in Clearfield county, it is practically a part of the borough of Phil- ipsburg in Centre county, Pa., and many of its citizens are engaged in business in that town. The principal industry upon which the town is dependent, is the Fire Brick Works of the Harbison-Walker Refractories Company, which gives employment to a large number of men. There are also several coal operations in the neighborhood. The borough is on the line of the Altoona & Philipsburg Connecting Railroad and it is also reached by the Tyrone Branch of the 20 Pennsylvania Railroad at Steiner's Station and by the New York Central and Hudson River Railroad, which latter company has a branch line from Munson to Chester Hill, but calls its station Philipsburg. The borough has two churches, water and electric lights, good schools, a number of busi- ness places and the present population is about five hundred. BOROUGH OF CLEARFIELD The early history of Clearfield is contained in a former chapter and in this article we will refer only to the historj' of the town since its incorporation as a borough, by an Act of As- sembly approved the 21st day of April, A. D. 1840, which may be found in the Pamphlet Laws of Pennsylvania for the year 1840, at page 734- The boundaries of the borough, as given in said Act, are as follows: "Beginning at a point on the Susquehanna river about si.xty feet south of Walnut street, thence east until it strikes the West line of Hugh Levy's out-lot so as to in- clude the houses and lots now occupied by Dr. H. Lo- rain and John Powell, thence north along ssid lot of Hugh Levy until it again strikes Walnut street, thence east along the southern edge of Walnut street to Fourth street, thence north along the eastern edge of Fourth street to Pine street, thence west along the northern edge of Pine street .to the Susquehanna river, and along said river by its several courses to the place of beginning, to include the town of Clearfield, as at first laid out, ac- cording to the plan thereof, and the two lots south of said town now occupied by said Dr. H. Lorain and John Powell, as above described." The boundaries of the borough have been enlarged from time to time, and it now con- tains four wards and includes the former bor- ough of West Clearfield and the borough lim- its now coA'er a territory nearly two miles long by one mile wide on both sides of the West 320 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Branch of the Susquehanna River. When the town was originally laid out, Abraham W'itmer donated certain lands for public buildings, and also two triangular pieces of land border- ing on the river to be used as public parks. These parks have been beautified by the plant- ing of shade trees and add greatly to the ap- pearance of the town. Having the advantage of being the county seat, Clearfield has rapidly grown in popula- tion and wealth, and many fine business blocks and beautiful private residences have been erected. Aside from the public buildings belonging to the county to which reference has been made in a former chapter, the Dimeling Hotel, Clearfield National Bank block, the County National Bank building, the Clearfield Trust Company building, the Keystone block and Leitzinger Brothers store building are the principal business buildings in the town and are all of modern architecture and fully up- to-date in every respect. The town has eight churches, a Young Men's Christian Association building and or- ganization, several fine school buildings, two daily and four weekly newspapers, several miles of brick paved streets, gas and electric light, a public steam heating plant and a splendid supply of pure mountain water. Next to DuBois, Clearfield is the most pop- ulous town in the county, it having, according to the census of 19 lo. 6,851 inhabitants. The railroad facilities are of the very best, the town being reached by three, to-wit : — The Tyrone division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, the Beech Creek division of the New York Central & Hudson River Railroad, and the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburg Railway, over which latter road, trains of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern Railroad are also trans- ported. By means of these railroad connections, Clearfield is within three hundred miles by rail of Philadelphia, Pittsburg, Buffalo, Roch- ester, Baltimore and Washington. The principal manufacturing establishments are the two large fire brick plants of the Har- bison-Walker Refractories Co., the large sole leather tannery of the Elk Tanning Company, the Clearfield Toy Works, the Clearfield Man- ufacturing Company, the Clearfield Machine Shops, and the Clearfield Clay Working Com- pany. The social side of life is not neglected by the people of Clearfield. The Dimeling Hotel contains a fine ball room and the citizens of Clearfield and Curwensville maintain the Clearfield-Curwensville Country Club, whose grounds, club house, and golf links are sit- uated at Centre, half way between Clearfield and Curwensville. Tiie citizens of the town are progressive and awake to all the interests of their community, and Clearfield is in many respects typical of the results of the best efforts of American citi- zenship. BOROUGH OF CO.\LPORT Nearly all of the towns in Clearfield county are situated at points where the natural advan- tages are such as to draw population or busi- ness to the locality. The situation of the Borough of Coalport is a good illustration of this fact. It is located on Cleai-field Creek, in the southern part of the county and near the division line between Clearfield and Cambria counties, twenty-three miles from Altoona, and twenty-five miles from Clearfield. It is on the line of the Pennsylvania and Northwestern AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 323 division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, which connects with the main line at Bellwood, and is also on the Cresson and Coalport division, which connects with the main line at Cresson, Pa., thus giving the town good railroad facili- ties. Valuable deposits of bituminous coal are found in the neighborhood and the various coal operations make Coalport the center for a large amount of business. The town was originally laid out by James Haines and S. M. and J. D. Spangle and was incorporated as a borough in 1883. It has five churches, one weekly newspaper, a National bank, and fine public schools. The present popuation of the borough is about fifteen hun- dred. CURWENSVILLE BOROUGH On December 10, 1798, John Curwen, Sr., of Montgomery county, Pa., obtained from the Commonwealth a patent for three hundred and fifty-one acres of land on the banks of the Susquehanna River, at the mouth of Anderson Creek, in what was at that time part of Lyco- ming county. On this property Curwen laid out a town, consisting of forty-eight lots, lying between what are now known as Thompson and Locust streets, which he named Curwens- ville. John Curwen, Sr., bequeathed this property to his son, George Curwen, from whom the greater portion of it was subse- quently purchased by John and W'm. Irvin. Up to the year 1812, not a single building had been erected on the town plot, although from the best infonnation now obtainable, it seems that there were at that time two dwellings on the Curwen lands. One of these was erected by Job England, near where the Patton home- stead now stands, and the other by a Mr. Weld, near the dwelling now owned bv the Misses Nannie and Alice Irvin. In 1813 Dan- iel Dale built the first house in the town proper, upon the lot corner of State and Filbert streets, where the Owens block is now located ; James Moore, James Young, Mark Jordon and Josiah Evans, Esq., built the next dwell- ings in about the order named. During the year 1818 William Irvin, Sr., the father of Colonel E. A. Ir\'in and John Irvin, Sr., the father of Colonel John Irvin, came to Cur- wensville. Jnlm Irvin erected a saw-mill, and a grist-mill near the present site of the Irvin flouring-mill. After the completion of the Erie turnpike, in 1824, the progress of the town was rapid, and by an act of the Legislature, approved the 3rd day of February, 1851, it was incorpora- ted as a borough. The limits of the borough have been en- larged several times, first by an act of the Leg- islature, approved, the 21st day of March, 1856, and again by an act approved the 24th of April, 1869, and the third time, in 1884, on application of the inhabitants of the adjacent territory, the boundaries were extended by the court so as to include what was known as South Curwensville, and all the property as far north as Hogback Run, and east as far as the eastern line of the Irvin farm, and west to near Roaring Run. In 1871, through the efforts of the citizens, subscriptions amounting to over $60,000 were obtained, and the extension of the T. and C. Railroad to the town, was secured. The road was finished and opened for traffic in 1874. The Cleai-field & Mahoning Branch of the Buftalo, Rochester & Pittsburg Railroad, which passes through Curwensville, was open for traffic in 1893 and the Curwensville & Bower Railroad, a branch of the New York 324 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Central & Hudson River Railroad was con- structed in 1903-4, so that the town is well supplied with railroad facilities. Curwensvilie has seven churches, a weekly newspaper, a national bank, fine system of graded public schools, good water supply, paved streets and electric lights, and is one of the most thriving and progressive, as well as the most beautiful town in the county. The principal industries are two large tan- neries, the largest fire brick plant in the county, two stone quarries, besides other smaller industries. The present population of tiie borough is about three thousand (3,000). •BOROUGH OF DU BOIS The Borough of Du Bois is situated in the extreme northwestern part of the county, two miles east from the Jefferson county line. It is located on a part of what is known as the "Great Beaver Meadow." This "Beaver Meadow" is from five to six miles long and from one-half to three-fourths of a mile wide and Sandy Lick Creek flows through the cen- ter of it. The land for a distance of five miles along Sandy Lick Creek, is almost level, there being only a fall of twenty-one feet in the five miles. The town has extended far beyond the width of the Meadow and occupies a large portion of the adjacent hills. The site of Du Bois was settled as early as 181 2 by the Stoebers, who came from Dau- phin county, Pa., but there was no indication of a town being located there until the open- ing of the low grade division of the AUeghenv Valley Railroad in 1872, when John Rum- barger surveyed a plot of lots and called the same Rumbarger. About this time John Du Bois appeared upon the scene and proceeded to erect large saw-mills for the purpose of manufacturing into lumber the many thou- sands of acres of timber in the neighborhood, of which he was the owner. He also con- structed iron works and laid out a town plot on the opposite side of the creek from Rum- barger and called his town EHi Bois. The railroad station was also called Du Bois and in 1876 the name of the postoffice was changed to Du Bois. The borough was incorporated in 1881 and has grown very rapidly in population until it is now the largest town in the county, having a population of about 12,000, and being the center of the bituminous coal industry of that section of the county, and, also of the mines in Jefferson county that are tributary to Du Bois. The building of the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburg Railroad to Du Bois in 1883 and the opening up of the large coal operations in Jef- ferson county, belonging to Bell, Lewis and Gates, and now owned by the Rochester & Pittsburg Coal & Iron Company, furnished a large amount of business to the town and more than made up for the loss of business caused by the closing of the Du Bois saw mills on account of the exhaustion of the lumber sup- plv. This railroad was extended to Clearfield in 1893, thus giving the first railroad commu- nication with the county seat. The Buffalo & Susquehanna Railroad was constructed to Du Bois in the year 1904. The industries of the town consist of saw mills, large tannery, glass works, iron works, coal mines and many other smaller industrial plants. The town has ten churches, three daily newspapers, two national banks, one trust company, paved streets, electric lights, water supply and an electric street railway system. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 325 The business part of the town was ahiiost totally destroyed by fire in the year 1889, but with characteristic pluck, the business men of the town rebuilt on a larger scale than before. Du Bois is the metropolis of the county. Its people are energetic and progressive, and the steady growth in population and prosperity are the results of their enterprise. BOROUGH OF GLEN HOPE The Borough of Glen Hope is situated near the northern end of Beccaria township, on Clearfield Creek. The borough was incorporated in the year of 1878, but the settlement known as Glen Hope had existed for many years before that time, having been one of the earliest improve- ments in that part of the county. The town is well located and it has substantial buildings. The borough has three churches, good pub- lic schools and the population at the present time is about four hundred. It has no manu- facturing industries, but is the centre of good farming country, and its business men are prosperous and progressive. For many years the town had no railroad facilities, but it is now reached by the Clear- field Southern Branch of the New York Cen- tral & Hudsoil River Railroad. BOROUGH OF GRAMPIAN The Borough of Grampian was originally known as "Pennville" and was incorporated December 6, 1885, but on account of the con- fusion arising by reason of the similarity of the name with that of Penfield, another town in the county, the name of the borough was changed to Grampian by a decree of the court, dated May 6, 1895. The town lies among what are known as the "Grampian Hills" five miles from Curwens- ville, and is the present terminus of the Tyrone & Clearfield Branch of the Pennsylvania Rail- road. The town has three churches, a fine school- house and an electric light plant, and is a pros- perous and progressive community. There are several bituminous coal operations near the town, and also a large fire brick plant, lo- cated at Stronach, about two miles from Grampian. These industries give employment to a large number of men. Grampian has long been known for the at- tention that its inhabitants have given to edu- cational and literary affairs. The present population of the town is six hundred and sixty-six (666). HOUTZDALE BOROUGH The town was named in honor of Dr. Dan- iel Houtz, of Alexandria, Pa., so often named m this history as owning a vast number of acres of land in this vicinity, and upon a por- tion of whose lands the town was projected, and is situated on the Moshannon Branch Railroad, six miles from Osceola Mills. It was made a borough on the 20th day of March, 1872. The borough is surrounded with numerous smaller towns, which join up to her limits, so that a stranger cannot tell where the town begins or ends. For three miles along the railroad the traveler is contin- uously passing through towns and villages — Stirling on the east. West Houtzdale on the west, Loraine joining West Houtzdale further west, and Atlantic joining Loraine still fur- ther west, while Brisbin borough's south line is Houtzdale's north line. The town grew very rapidly from the be- ginning. The coal surrounding the borough 326 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY was proven to be the best then, or now, known, and therefore capital rushed in to secure tlie prize. As the coUieries niuhipHed, the popu- lation increased and houses went up as if by magic. A postofifice was granted the borough in 1870, John Brisbin being the first postmaster. The first church building erected was on the corner of Charles and Clara streets, a union church, but it afterwards passed into the hands of the Methoiships — Wealth of the Coimty- Siiiiunary of Assessments for ipio. POPULATION The population of Clearfield county has in- creased rapidly since the opening up of its nat- ural resources, in the way of coal, fire clay and other products. The population of the county has increased from 875 as shown by the cen- sus of 1810, the first census after the county was organized, to 93,766. according to the census of 1910. \\'e give below the detail census returns for 1910, and 1900, showing the difference in pop- ulation of the \arious townships and boroughs, according to the census returns. ""■ District 1910 Beccaria township 3-095 Bell township 1,682 Bigler township 4-013 Bloom township 451 Boggs township 1.154 Bradford township 2,250 Brady township 2,823 Brisbin borough 459 Burnside borough 493 Bumside township i>4.35 Chest township 872 Chester Hill borough 648 Clearfield borough 6.851 1900 2,924 1.583 2.675 570 1,024 2.075 2,638 666 647 1.695 1,022 710 5,081 Coalport borough 876 938 Cooper township 5,713 4,629 Covington township 649 695 Curwensville borough 2,549 i,937 Decatur township 3,5^2 3,810 DuBois borough 12.623 9,375 Ferguson township 765 914 Girard township 606 570 Glen Hope borough 237 220 Goshen township 514 501 Graham township 664 626 Grampian borough 666 600 Greenwood township 590 806 Gulich township 2,112 1,071 Houtzdale borough i,434 1,482 Huston township 2,653 ^'974 Irvona borough 800 J2^ Jordan township 1,261 1,284 Karthaus township i,332 1,066 Knox township 1,064 864 Lawrence township 4,025 3.370 Lumber City borough 363 224 Mahaffey borough 754 741 Morris township 4.994 4,460 New Washington borough ... 174 213 Newburg borough 274 314 Osceola borough 2,437 2,030 Penn township 936 840 333 334 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Pike township 1,671 Pine township 32 Ramey borougli i ,045 Sandy township 5-695 Troutville borougli 260 Union township 785 Wallaceton borough 324 Westover borough 569 \Voodward township 2.535 i'575 866 ■3^222 308 944 289 654 3-169 Total 93.768 80,614 WEALTH OF THE COUNTY The statistics given below give but a very imperfect idea of the real wealth of the county, because the assessments for taxation do not average over two-thirds of the actual value of the property. They are, however, the most re- liable data that we can secure, as they are taken from the official figures of the Triennial As- sessment of Clearfield county for the year 19 ID. The total amount of the valuation of all property in the county as shown by these figures is $26,836,604.75, adding one-third, so as to approximate the real value of the prop- erty, would give us a total value of $35,782,- 139.66. The figures in detail are as follows: SUMMARY OF THE TRIENNIAL ASSESSMENT OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY FOR THE YEAR I9IO Number of registered voters. . 20,835 Value of all real estate $20,557,520.00 Value of all real estate exempt $2,464,776.00 Value of all real estate taxable $18,092,744.00 Number horses and mules.... 7.146 Value horses and mules $328,445.00 Number cattle 7-861 Value cattle $1 19,655.00 Occupations 2,095,109.00 Agg. value of all property tax- able for county purposes. . .$20,635,953.00 Total value personal property assessed for State purposes. Money at Interest, Livery Rigs, etc $3,735-87575 HON. wii.i.iA.M i;i(;i.i:k Representative Citizens HON. WILLIAM BIGLER, deceased, who served the Commonwealth of Pennsyl- vania as its chief executive from 185 1 until 1855, later represented his people with dis- tinction in the United States Senate, and for years responded to the call of public duty, often to the detriment of his private interests, which, from early manhood, were important to himself and to those associated with him. His useful life covered the most important years of his country's history and his name is indis- solubly connected with its making. Where his fellow citizens at times questioned his judg- ment but never his integrity, the present day conditions have vindicated many of liis thwarted plans and shown his wisdom. William Bigler came of sturdy Pennsyl- vania German stock. His parents were Jacob and Susan (Dock) Bigler, types of a class of honest, hard-working people, whose mental outlook is apt to be limited and whose ambi- tions are negligible. One of a large family, William Bigler was born January 13, 1813, at Shennansburg, Cumberland county. Pa., prior to the removal of the family to a pioneer farm in Mercer county. The father died there while the children were young. The home farm was small and the eldest son soon pushed out into the world beyond, and in 1829 he was ready to offer employment to his young brother William, in his printing office at Bellefonte. His name was John Bigler and at that time he was proprietor of the Center Dem- ocrat and later attained to gubernatorial hon- ors in California, and left an impress on that state no less indelible than did the younger brother on Pennsylvania. \\'illiam Bigler was mainly educated in the printing office, his advantages prior to 1829 having been exceedingly limited. He re- mained with his brother until his apprentice- ship was completed and then, with characteris- tic determination, although practically with- out funds and at that time with absolutely no influential friends, went to Clearfield and there founded the Cleai-field Democrat. He was thus entirely dependent upon the ability with which he could interest an unknown con- stituency in his efforts to advance the princi- ples of Jacksonian Democracy. At first he was his own complete office force and his ini- tial efforts would have been more or less amusing had they not been tragic. However, it was this spirit of persistency and enterprise that first attracted the public, which later read, admired and bestowed confidence and what was then necessary, gave substantial support to the venture. This newspaper introduced 337 338 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY liini into public affairs and his manner of handling the grave questions of the day edito- rially aroused the political leaders and hence- forward until his final retirement, he was more or less in the public eye. Athough in 1^36, Mr. Bigler disposed of his newspaper in order to give his full atten- tion to large lumbering interests with wiiich he became connected in association with his father-in-law, A. B. Reed, he was not per- mitted to withdraw from public attention and he was more than once oflfered the nomination for the state legislature. Although he con- sistently declined these marks of public ap- proval for a time, in 1841 he accepted the nomination to the State Senate and was elected by a very large majority, and in 1844 was re-elected and served two terms and was twice elected speaker. This period was one of great moment to the State of Pennsylvania and the speeches and efforts made by Senator Bigler for the passage of a law of taxation to meet the public indebtedness and pay the in- terest on the state debt, also for the procuring of the passage of a law for abolishing impris- onment for debt, and also for the passage of the laws regulating questions of internal im- provement, all testified to the public spirit, ability, arfd true conception of public duty, that marked him as a statesman and a sincere friend of the people. In 1848 Senator Bigler's name was pre- sented to the Democratic convention as a can- didate for governor, but internal conflicts of personal interests resulted in llie election of another candidate. In 1849 he was appointed revenue commissioner, and in 185 1 he was nominated by his party for governor, by ac- clamation, and was triumphantly elected, and this honor came to him before he had reached liis thirty-eighth year. It is an interesting epi- sode to record that his election as governor of Pennsylvania was simultaneous with the elec- tion of his brother, John Bigler, to the same high office in California. Governor Bigler's administration was just such as the acts of his public life had indicated prior to this. He believed in and advocated the old-time virtues of economy, efficiency, in- dustry and integrity in dealing with public af- fairs as with private interests and he had the support of all the people with the exception of a class that existed then as now, which sought special privileges and had counted on the executive granting them, and found out their mistake in their estimate of his charac- ter. The annals of the state tell how faith- fully and fearlessly he faced these private in- terests and how conscientiously and courage- ously he carried out the laws according to the constitution. In March, 1854, he was again unanimously nominated for goveronr, but the strain of public cares had told on him and he made no personal canvass and in the contest was defeated by the Know Nothing party. In January. 1855. he was elected to the United States Senate, where he served with great credit to himself and his state for six years, and it was during this period, in 1857, that, as a member of the committee on commerce, he made an elaborate report concerning the con- struction of a ship canal across the Isthmus of Panama, a scheme considered then by the country at large as dangerous and entirely \'isionary. In that, as in many other pul)lic projects. Senator Bigler was a man ahead of his times. In i860 he was a member of the Democratic convention that assembled at Charleston, where he opposed the nomination of Judge Douglas, and he was temporary AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 339 chainnan of the convention at Chicago, in 1864, which nominated George B. McClellan. In 1868 he was a delegate to the National Democratic Convention in New York, which nominated Horatio Seymour. In 1872, he was nominated a delegate-at-large to the con- vention for the revision of the constitution, but later lie voluntarily withdrew his name, but subsequently, for political reasons con- sented to fill the vacancy caused by the resig- nation of S. H. Raynolds, and took a leading part in the deliberations of that body. He was associated closely with party affairs of large importance up to 1875, after which he withdrew more or less in order to give his at- tention to local matters beneficial to his county and to his individual interests. On March 23, 1836, William Bigler was married to Maria J. Reed, who was born in Clearfield county. Pa., a lady well qualified to both advance his public prestige and to adorn his home and rear a happy family. Of their children but one survives, a son, Harry F. Bigler, who is president of the Clearfield Steam Company and a director in the Center County National Bank. Distinguished as were his public services, William Bigler's memory is tenderly pre- served by those who knew him best for the personal qualities which added to their pride in him and also made him generally beloved. His death occurred at his home on August 9, 1880. A. B. SHAW, vice president of the County National Bank and one of its board of directors, is a member of one of Clear- field County's old and honorable families. He was born in Clearfield County, Pa., No- vember 12, 1830, and is a son of Richard and Mary (Irwin) Shaw. Richard Shaw was long a prominent citi- zen of Lawrence Township. Clearfield County, serving with honor in a number of public capacities, at times being a justice of the peace, and also associate judge. He was a native of Ireland, born in County Derry in 1792, one of seven children, and his par- ents were Archibald and Mary Shaw. Rich- ard Shaw was young when his parents emi- grated to America, settling first in Chester County, Pa., moving later to Mifflin County and in 1810, to Clearfield County. In 1816, Richard Shaw was married to Mary Irwin, a native of Philadelphia, and eight of their children reached maturity. The mother died in 1874 and the father in 1876. A. B. Shaw was reared in his native county and was educated in the district schools and the Clearfield Academy. He secured a business training under his fath- er's eye, becoming a clerk in the latter's store and later becoming also interested as was his father, in lumbering. In 1853 he opened up a general lumber and mercantile business at Shawville, which he continued for twenty-two years, returning to Clear- field in 1875. He became interested also in the coal industry to some extent and owns probably 1,000 acres of rich coal land in Clearfield and Cambria Counties. At dif- ferent times he has accepted stock and served on directing boards of successful commercial enterprises, his name, at all times, being a business asset. In 1882, he was elected vice president of the County National Bank of Clearfield, a financial in- stitution then of seventeen years standing and he has continued his association with it up to the present. Mr. Shaw was married in 1859, to Miss Agnes Aurand, who was born in Snyder 340 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY County, Pa., and eleven children were born to them, namely: Clara \V., Bertiia A.. Mary Jane, Edgar, Fannie G., Calvin B., Agnes E., Annie, Charles M., Mattie V. and Gussie E., who died in infancy. Mr. Shaw and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Dem- ocrat. CLARK HILEMAN, one of the sub- stantia! business men of Madera, Pa., who is largely interested in the lunil^er industry in Clearfield County, was born in Indiana County, Pa., September 17, 1856, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (RufFner) Hiieman. William Hiieman was a son of John and Elizabeth Hiieman. His business interests throughout life were connected with lum- bering. He married Elizabeth Ruffner, a daughter of Daniel and Elizabeth Ruffner, and the following children were born to them: Lorenza, who married Oliver Lewis; Ellen, who married Benjamin Tonkin; Joseph S., who is deceased ; Jane, who is the vfiie of Robert Smith; Clark; James S. ; Charlotte, who is deceased, was the wife of James Kethcarth ; William S. ; A. C. ; Scott ; Isabel, who is the wife of Russell Eaton ; and Liberty, who is the wife of William Ruther. Clark Hiieman obtained his education in the district schools which he attended through the winter sessions until he was eighteen 3'^ears of age, after which he went to lumbering and worked in the woods un- til 1887. He then embarked in the hotel business at Madera in which he continued for twenty-one and one-half years, dispos- ing of his interests in that line in August, 1908. Since then he was given the main part of his attention to the lumber indus- try, owning a saw mill and lumber yards, and he also owns other property at Madera and additionally is a stockholder in the Ma- dera Water Works and a director of the Madera National Bank. On December 18, 1890, Mr. Hiieman was married to Miss Minerva Grove, a daughter of Benjamin and Hannah (Johnston) Grove, and a granddaughter of Andrew and Re- becca Grove and of William and Rebecca Johnston. The parents of Mrs. Hiieman are residents of Huntingdon County. They are members of the Lutheran church. Mrs. Hiieman is the fourth born child of her par- ents, the others being: Martha, who is the wife of James McElroy; Mary Alice, who is the wife of Jacob Smith; Elmira, who is the wife of Jeremiah Kyles ; Laura, who is the wife of Samuel Smith ; Maggie, who is the wife of William Blythe ; Martin Luther ; Ida, who is the wife of Harry Green ; An- drew Harvey; Dora E., who is the wife of Clarence Snare; Bessie Rebecca, who is the wife of Bert McCall ; Minnie, who is the widow of David Blythe ; Lydia. who is the wife of John Worth ; Henry Ellsworth, and \\'illiam Oscar. Mr. and Mrs. Hiieman have no children of their own hut they reared a little girl. Bertha May, born May 8, 1891, from infancy to young womanhood, and she is now the wife of Albert Rung. Mr. and Mrs. Rung have one son, Harold Albert, who was born Feliruary 14, 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Hiieman attend the Presby- terian church. In politics he is a Republi- can, as was his father, and for four years he served in the office of township super- visor. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 341 ELISHA M. DAVIS, dairyman and farmer, residing one and one-half miles southwest of Grampian, Clearfield County, owns 173 acres of finely cultivated land, ly- ing in Penn Township. He was born on an adjoining farm, in Penn Township, May 26, 1838, and is a son of Joseph Davis, a grandson of Elislia Davis and a great- grandson of Caleb Davis. Joseph Davis, father of Elisha M., was born at Tyrone, Pa., January 6, 1790, a son of Elisha and Alice Davis, natives of Wales, who emigrated to America and settled at Tyrone. Joseph Davis was married Octo- ber 16, 1823, to Rebecca Moore, who was born December 5. 1798. a daughter of James and Lydia Moore. To Joseph and Rebecca Davis the following children were born : Lydia, June 13, 1824; Rachel, October 29, 1825; Esther, June 30, 1826 (died July 16, 1866); John, July 26, 1829; Eliza, Novem- ber 28, 1830 (died May 22, iSyy) ; James, October 6, 1832; Hannah, September 27, 1834; Joseph, June 9, 1836; Elisha, May 26, 1838; and Abraham, born September 10, 1840 (died of fever while serving in the Civil War, October i, 1862, — the youngest of ten children). After marriage Joseph Davis, Sr., settled on a tract of 150 acres of wild land in Penn Township, Clearfield County, eighty acres of which he cleared. This farm is now the property of William Pentz. Mr. and Mrs. Davis were members of the Society of Friends. Joseph Davis was never embroiled in politics, living a quiet, industrious, use- ful life and passing away May 12, 1868, at the age of seventy-eight years with the re- spect and esteem of all who had known him. His estimable wife survived but a few years, her death occurring February 23, 1871. They were buried in the Friends' cemetery near Grampian. Elisha M. Davis attended school in Penn Township until he was about eighteen years of age and then went to work as a teamster in the lumber regions in Penn Township. He continued thus engaged more or less for 20 years before and after his marriage, in 1861, when he settled on the home farm for a time and then purchased his present one of Thos. Hoover. He has 100 acres of his land cleared and under a fine state of cultivation, being one of the most progres- sive and one of the successful farmers in this section of the county. Mr. Davis also operates a dairy and keeps first class stock. He has made many improvements on his farm and these include the erection of all the substantial buildings now standing, and the arrangement of his attractive surround- ings. He is a stockholder and charter mem- ber of the Farmers and Traders Bank of Clearfield, Pa. On September 12, 1861, Mr. Davis was married to Katherine Hoover, who was born near Curwensville on the West Branch of the Susquehanna River, January 13, 1840, a daughter of Joseph and Rebecca (Price) Hoover, her parents coming from old pio- neer families of this section. It is said that Grandfather Price was killed by the Indians. To Mr. and Mrs. Davis nine children were born, namely: William E., Elias C, Rebecca Ellen, Lydia Jane, Nathan Tliomas, Alice, Myrtle May, Vincent Pearl and Elisha Claire. William E. Davis was born lune 14, 1862, and resides in Brady Township. He was married April 24, 1884, to Susanna Rishell and ihev have had six children : 342 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Vida Hoyt, Oral, Salome, Katherine. Mar- garet and Leo, the last named dying at the age of eleven months. Elias C. Davis was born September ii, 1863. He was married October 22, 1890, to Edith Wag- oner, a daughter of Edw. Wagoner, of Ramey, Pa., and they have two children, Alton C. and Elisha W. Rebecca Ellen Davis was born November 10, 1864, and was married June 14, 1888, to George M. Rishell and they had the following children: O. Clifford, Hilda C, Frances Esther, Elisha B., Frederick, Corlus Arden, Joseph D. and Lydia Jane. The oldest and youngest are deceased and the mother of these children died July 26, 1906, and was buried at Trout- ville, Pa. Lydia Jane Davis was born October 11, 1867, and was married October 3, 1887, to E. B. Albert. They reside near Woodland, Pa., and have one son, Edwin B. Nathan T. Davis was born August 12, 1869; was married June 25, 1896, to Mamie Cur- rier and has two children, Twilla Elizabeth and Elma Katherine. Alice Davis was born February i, 1871, and died March 26, 1873. Myrtle May Davis was born May i. 1874, and was married September 16, 1894, to R. P. Kester. a lecturer for the department of State Institutes of Pennsylvania. They have two children, Elisha Howard and Latricia Mott. Vincent Pearl Davis was born May 4, 1878, and was married June 16, 1909, to Vadna Violet Warden, who was born October 8, 1888, a daughter of Clar- ence and Lottie Warden, of Johnstown, Pa., and they have one son, Edward Laverne. Elisha Claire Davis was born April 22, 1881, and was married July 26, 1905, to Gertrude May Slick, of Richmond, Ind. They have two children: Francis Everett and Alton Kenneth. Mr. Davis is a clerk in the County National Bank. For many years Elisha M. Davis has been prominent in the Grange movement, has assisted in the organization of a number of local granges and served two terms in the State Department of Agriculture of Penn- sylvania. He has also served as president of the Clearfield County Agricultural Society. He and his wife are members of the Society of Friends and he is superin- tendent of the sabbath school at Grampian. JERRY HEGARTY, of Bigler Town- ship, Clearfield County, Pa., a one-half owner of 250 acres of fine farm land, was born in Bigler Township, on the home farm, in July, 1846, and is a son of James and Jane (Boyle) Hegarty. The parents were natives of Ireland and came to Clearfield County when young married people and spent their lives here. Jerry Hegarty was the fifth born in his parents" family and with .his brothers and sisters attended the district school through boyhood. He has followed farming and lumbering during the greatest part of his life and there is a coal mine on the farm, of which he is half owner. In 1878 Mr. Hegarty was married to Miss Mary White- side, who is the youngest daughter of Robert and Nancy (Alexander) Whiteside. He was born in Ireland and she in Clear- field County and both were well known people. They had si.x sons and two daugh- ters : John D., William A., Isaac, Samuel, Robert, Boaz. Agnes and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Hegarty have had five children: Vida, Vincent, Blaine. Dora and Verna. The eldest daughter died at the age of twenty- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 343 one years. Mr. Hegarty and wife attend the Presbyterian Church. He votes with the Republican party. He is one of the representative men of Bigler Township and commands the respect of his fellow citizens, having always carried on his undertakings according to sound business principles with due regard to the rights of others. MICHAEL HURD, M. D.. a leading physician and surgeon at MahafTey, Pa., well known professionally over a wide ter- ritory in Clearfield County, was born in this county, at La Jose, in Chester Township, and is a son of Henry and Catherine Hurd. Henry Hurd, father of Dr. Hurd, was born in Vermont, and was a son of Elias Hurd. In 1842, Henry Hurd came to Clear- field County, where he taught school, after which he purchased a farm in Chester Township and engaged in farming and lumbering. They are both living on the homestead in Chester Township. Michael Hurd attended the Chester Township schools and those of La Jose, later spent three years as a student in the graded schools at New Washington and two years in the Curwensville Normal School. In 1879 he entered Jefferson Med- ical College, Philadelphia, and was gradu- ated there in 1883. Dr. Hurd located first at Newburg, not far from his birthplace, and continued to practice there until May, 1909, when he moved to Mahafifey, where he has built up a very large practice and has been welcomed as a citizen of enterprise and worth. In 1878, Dr. Hurd was married to Miss Orie E. Curry, who is a daughter of Austin Curry, a well known farmer and lumber- man of Chest Township. Dr. and Mrs. Hurd have had nine children born to them, several of whom died when aged about three years. The survivors are: NelHe, who is the wife of Frank Markle, of Ma- haffey ; Lena, who is the wife of James Cardell, of \\'estover. Pa. (they have three children — Vernon, Paul and Clilfton) ; Vella, who is a popular and successful teacher in the graded schools at Mahafifey, being a graduate of the Lock Haven Normal School; and Denay, Curry, and Gard. Those deceased were Austin, Sue and Zoe. Dr. Hurd is a member of various medical organizations and belongs also to the P. O. S. A. at Newburg. J. E. GEARHART, a progressive, enter- prising and representative business man of Clearfield, Pa., manager of the Gearhart Knitting Machine Company and of the Key- stone Vacuum Cleaner, is a member of one of the old settled families of the county. His great grandfather, John Gearhart, emigrated from Germany about the middle of the seventeenth century. He served as a soldier in the Revolutionary war, after- ward settled at Buffalo Run, Centre Co., Pa. He married Miss Catharine Gray, who lived to the age of 97 years. To John and Catharine were born ten children, whose names were as follows, — Jacob, John, Adam, Christ, Elias, Peter, Susanna, Eve, Betsey and Catharine. These have all died long ago. John Gearhart, the second in order and grandfather of J. E. Gearhart, was born in 1789. He married Miss Lydia Shivery. He served in the War of 1812 and was there when his eldest son David was born. He 344 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY moved to Clearfield County in 1820. He died in 1871 having lived to the age of 82, and his wife Lydia died at the age of 90 within a few days. To John and Lydia Gearhart were born eleven children, one dying in infancy, the other ten living to a ripe age, whose names were as follows, — David, Sarah, Catharine, who is yet living at the advanced age of 95, John S. the father of J. E. Gearhart, Susanna, Andrew, Jane, Enoch, Hannah, and Jacob, who is yet living. John S. Gearhart was born April 20th, 1818, on his father's farm near Philipsburg, Clearfield Co. He also was an agriculturist and spent the greater part of his life on his farm situated in Boggs Township, two miles northwest of Blue Ball, in Clearfield County, where his death occurred Mar. 26, 1903, at the age of eighty-four years. He was twice married, first to Lydia Showalter, whose death occurred July 3, 1850, when their youngest son, J. E. Gearhart, was fifteen months old. J. E. Gearhart was born April 22, 1849. There were three other children born to this union, namely: William, who was a gallant soldier in the Civil War, a member of Co. E. 45th Pa. Vol. Inf., and who died of starvation in the Confederate prison at Salisbury, N. C, December 10, i8()4; Ellis, who died at the age of twenty-one years ; and Lloyd, who is a resident of Clearfield. The second marriage of John S. Gearhart was to Eliz- abeth Smith, whose death preceded that of her husband by four years, she dying Feb. 14, 1898. Eight children were born to this marriage, namely: George S., who lives in Clearfield; John W., who owns the home farm in Boggs Township; A. Clark. who lives in Blair County; Samuel, whose business is carried on at Clearfield; Lydia J., who is the wife of Charles Rickets, of Altoona; James, who is a resident of Brad- dock, Pa. ; Charles, who died when seven- teen years old; and Lewis, who lives at Pittsburg, Pa. Joseph Emery Gearhart grew to man- hood on the home farm and obtained his education in the country schools. After he reached manhood he went to work for the lumber firm of Hoover, Hughes & Co., at Bellefonte, Pa., with operations near Phil- ipsburg, and remained with them for nine years, and during that time shipped the most of the lumber that was used in the erection of the buildings for the great Cen- tennial Exposition. From youth Mr. Gear- hart has been more or less interested in mechanics and has invented many devices and utensils of practical use, some of which having been patented, are now manufact- ured in large numbers. He worked on a knitting machine until he perfected every part of it and received a patent and in 1889 opened a small shop at Blue Ball for its manufacture. The machine was so well re- ceived that by 1890 the business had out- grown his quarters at Blue Ball and he then moved to Clearfield and erected his present plant on Nichols Street, and also a factory in Canada. Under the name of the Gear- hart Family Knitter, with ribbing attach- ment which produces seamless hosiery, Mr. Gearhart's invention is sold in all countries and with its attachments has been patented in the L'nited States and in thirteen foreign countries. In connection with knitting ma- chines, Mr. Gearhart manufactures and has on the market, The Kevstone Vacuum AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 345 Cleaner, and this invention promises to equal his others in popularity. Mr. Gear- hart is a natural mechanic but he attributes a measure of his success to the instruction he received from his father-in-law, the late John Middleton, who was an expert ma- chinist and gunsmith as his father before him had been, the latter manufacturing guns during the Revolutionary War for the Patriot army. Mr. Gearhart was married July 6, 1871, to Miss Mary E. Middleton, a daughter of John Middleton, who came to Clearfield from Cambria County. Eight children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Gearhart, namely: Sophia, who is the wife of James Gleason, a leading member of the Clearfield bar, residing at Du Bois, and they have one son, James Joseph; Leonard A.; Ada B., who married Dr. George R. Irwin, of Clear- field and they have four children — Robert, Dorothy, George and Joseph; John R., who resides in Clearfield, married Blanche Cardon and they have one son, William ; Edna, who married B. R. Freer of Chicago and they have one child, Marjorie ; Jessie P., who is the wife of George A. Cardon, of Pittsburg; May, who married J. Enimett Harder, of Clearfield and they have one son, John Emmett; and Emery J., who is con- nected with an advertising house, at Chi- cago, III. Mr. and Mrs. Gearhart are members of the M. E. Church in the work of which he has been very active for years. LUTHER H. WILLIAMS, who has been a lifelong resident of Clearfield County, Pa., has made his home at Osceola Mills smce October, 1891. He was born in Bradford Township, December 16, 1843, ^"d is a son of Edward H. and Elizabeth (Smale) Wil- liams, and a grandson of Edward Williams. Edward Williams was born in Wales and when he came to the United States, located in Lancaster County but subsequently moved to Bradford Township, Clearfield County, where he lived until his death. He followed farming and was interested some- what in lumbering. The record preserved of this ancestor shows that he was a man of industry and perseverance and that he reared a family that was creditable in every way. Edward Hurd Williams, father of Luther H., was probably born in Lancaster County but was quite young when his parents came to Clearfield County. He became a farmer, as was his father, and later embarked in storekeeping, being a merchant from 1853 until the close of his life. For several terms he served in the office of justice of the peace and was a school director for many years. In all that pertained to public life he was an upright citizen. He married Elizabeth Smale, who was born in Graham Township, Clearfield County, a daughter of Benjamin Smale, an old settler. To Edward H. Wil- liams and wife the following children were born : Margaret, deceased, who was the wife of Robert Livengood, of Bradford Town- ship; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of Benjamin Carr, of Pike Township; Catherine, who is the wife of George ^^'ash- ington Graham, of Douglas County, Wash.; Henry Ellis, deceased, who was a resident of Bigler, Pa. ; Isaiah, deceased, who spent almost all of his life in Pike Township; Mary Ellen, deceased, who was twice mar- ried, first to Elijah Smale and second to 346 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Frederick Campman ; Sylvester, deceased, who lived in Lawrence Township, Clear- field County; W ilson R., deceased, spent his life in Bradford and Graham Townships; Edward Johnson, who lives in Graham Township; Luther H., who resides at Osceola Mills; Henrietta, deceased, who was the wife of William Ogden, of Clear- field County; Martha, who married William Lease, of West Clearfield ; and John L., who was a resident of Pittsburg, at the time of his death. The parents of this family were members of the Lutheran church. Luther H. Williams was reared in Brad- ford Township and obtained his education in ilic country schools. He followed farm- ing until he came to Osceola Mills, in 1891, since which time he has been connected as an employe with the Car Shops of the Ber- wind-W'hite Company. Mr. Williams has witnessed many changes in this section dur- ing the twenty years since he came here and he has borne his part, as a good citizen in making Osceola Mills a pleasant, law- abiding town, one in which business enter- prises prosper and comfortable living is possible. He is not very active in politics, having never been anxious for political office, and casts his vote with the Republi- can party. On September 21, 1865, Mr. Williams was married to Miss Belinda A. Waple. who was born on Chestnut Street, Philadelphia, May 17, 1843, a daughter of Henry and Mary (Wunder) Waple. Henry Waple was born in Charles County, Md., Decem- ber II, 1816, and for a time engaged in the manufacture of fancy whips, in Philadelphia. In June, 1843, he moved to Boggs Town- ship, Clearfield County, and thereafter until Aj^ril, 1862, conducted the hotel known as the Half-Way House, which was situated between Phillipsburg and Curwensville, after which he moved to Fairfax County, Va., just outside the city of Washington, D. C. and resided there until his death on March 18, 1906. Henry Wa|)le married Mary Wunder. who was ijorn at German- town. Pa., and died when Mrs. Williams was six years old. The Wunder family is an old one in this country, of Holland an- cestry, and it was established in .America prior to the Revolutionary War. \\ illiam Wunder, the great-grandfather of Mrs. Williams, was an officer in Washington's army and being a butcher by trade he pre- pared meat for the soldiers and was aso a lay reader to them during the fearful winter at Valley Forge. His son, William Wun- der, was a soldier in the War of 181J. In 1808 he built the first stone house in Ger- mantown. Pa., a picture of which Mrs. Wil- liams prizes very highly. To Henry and Mary (Wunder) Waple the following chil- dren were born: Catherine, who is the widow of Henry Shimmel, of Cumberland, Md. ; Emily, who died at the age of two years; Belinda A., who is the wife of Luther H. Williams; Julia, who is deceased, was the wife of Isaac Richardson ; and two daughters who died unnamed. Mr. and Mrs. Williams have had five chil- dren, namely: Harry Edward, who is a con- ductor in the railroad service, married Annie Baker, of Phillipsburg, and they have had five children— Oral, Harold, Robert, Marian and Dorothy; Lawrence S., who is a resident of Newton, Centre County, mar- ried Mary Thomas, of Phillipsburg, and they have two sons and two daughters — AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 347 Violet May, Adaline. Harvey and Leo; Melvin C, who married Edna V. Hoyt, and they have had three cliildren — Clayton Hoyt, Luther Sherman and O. Blanche; Oral Blanche, iX^ho died in October, 1906, aged almost thirty-one years ; and Ernest A., who resides at Osceola Mills, adjoining his parents, married Carrie Estep and they have one son, Edward Luther. Mr. Wil- liams and family are members of the Epis- copal church. Fraternally he is connected with the Knights of Malta and the Mystic Chain. WALTER H. WOODWARD, a prom- inent citizen of Huston Township, has been identified with public matters for some years, and is the proprietor of Oakmont Farm, a well cultivated tract of 147 acres situated one and one-half miles west of Pen- field, Pa. Mr. Woodward was born at the present site of Pine Forest, Luzerne County, Pa., February 2, 1855, and is a son of William D. and Anna L. (Thompson) Woodward. The Woodward family originated in Eng- land, and the first of the name came to America in the early part of the seventeenth century. Daniel and Nancy (Eike) Wood- ward, the grandparents of Walter H. Woodward, were early settlers of Luzerne County, where the grandfather was a well known lumberman, and they were the parents of seven children : Mary, Sarah, Hiram, William D., Martha, Frances and Dennis, all of whom are deceased except Frances, who is the widow of Charles Sutton. William D. ^^'oodward was born in March, 1829, in Luzerne County, Pa., and there spent his boyhood. As a young man, with his brother Hiram, he came to Clear- field County with his wife, Ann L. (Thomp- son) Woodward, who was born in New Jersey ab(5ut 1856. He located at Penfield, where he purchased a hotel property, and operated this hostelry until 1864, when he sold out and removed to Minnesota. He remained there but two months, however, at the end of that time returning to Clear- field County, Pa., and engaging in the lumber business. In the spring of 1865 he bought eighty-eight acres of the present farm of Walter H. Woodward from Jeffer- son Bundy, and later, in 1868, added to this property by purchase from John Du Bois, and at one time had 316 acres. He retired five years previous to his death, which oc- curred April 3, 1907. His first wife had died in 1884, at the age of fifty-two years, and his second marriage was to a widow, Mrs. Clemantine Iddings, who by her first union had six children. To Mr. Woodward and his first wife there were born the fol- lowing children: Amorvin, who is operating the farm adjoining that of Walter H. Wood- ward; Stanley, also a resident of Huston Township; Walter H. ; Mattie, who married George Marsden; Americus H., who is a prominent attorney of Clearfield ; Anna A., who is the widow of T. B. Buoy; and Ida E., who is the widow of George R. Camp- bell. Walter H. 'Woodward's early childhood was spent in Luzerne County, where his father was operating a sawmill, and he was still a lad when the familv removed to Clearfield County. He attended the town- ship schools, and started helping his father in the lumber business when quite young. 348 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY In 1880 he went West in the interest of the Thompson Consolidated Mining Co., and after his return spent four years as fore- man of the factory of P. C. Thompson & Co., at Philadelphia. He has had'charge of his present farm since 1898, and on the set- tlement of his father's estate he was given possession of it. The residence was erected by Mr. Woodward's father in 1875, but the other buildings have been put up by Mr. \\'oodward, who in many ways has im- proved the farm, making it one of the most valuable in Huston Township. The Ben- nett's Branch division of the Pennsylvania and B. & S. Railroads run through this property. Mr. Woodward is a Republican in pol- itics, and he has always been an active worker in support of the principles of that organization. He served for some time as township auditor, and is at present acting in the capacities of township assessor and president of the school board. SOLOMON McCULLY. postmaster at Ramey. Clearfield County, Pa., in which office he has officiated since February 13, 1909, is a well known citizen of Gulich Township, where the family has been estab- lished for many years. He was born March 23. 1855. '" Gulich Township, Clearfield County, and is a son of Matthew and Sarah (Beyer) McCully. Matthew McCuily was born in County Derry, Ireland, March 20, 1816. and was the youngest child of George and Isabella Mc- Cully. His father died in Ireland and when but 18 months old he came to this country' with his mother and seven other children, all of whom have long since passed awav. The little band arrived in Philadelphia, remained there a few weeks and then started for Clearfield County on foot with nothing but an Indian path to guide them. They arrived at their destination and made a home near the mouth of Muddy Run. From there Mr. McCully went to Tyrone forges and worked on the canal and about the furnaces where he grew up to manhood, becoming the main support of his mother, whom he cared for until her death in her 84th year; her remains repose in Mt. Pleas- ant Cemetery, this county. Having been born in foreign land and his father being dead, made it necessary for Mr. McCully to take out naturalization papers, which were granted by the court of this country Dec. 6, 1848. Henry Hagerty and Lisle McCully were the witnesses and the prothonotary at that time was Wm. C. Welch. On December 30, 1841, Matthew Mc- Cully was married to Sarah Beyer, a native of Ohio, Rev. M. Betts of Clearfield, being the officiating clergyman. They settled on his farm at Beulah and began life work to- gether. She "sleeps the sleep of the just," preceding him to the grave in August, 1901, he having died April 28, 1902, in his 86th year. They had the following chil- dren : Isabel, who is deceased ; Christiana, who is the widow of H. P. R. Blandy; David, who is deceased; Caroline, who is the wife of Alvin Frederick; Eliza and George, who is deceased; Solomon; La- vina, who is the wife of J. B. McFadden; Lewis, deceased ; Edith, deceased, who was the wife of H. B. Brown ; and Frank H. The parents were members of the Presbyterian church. Solomon McCully followed farming until AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 349 1887 and then came to Ramey and for twenty years followed the carpenter's trade here and was engaged in other lines of busi- ness until 1909, but since then has devoted himself to his official duties. Although he is an independent voter he is a man of such reliable character that he has been chosen many times for township and borough offices, without reference to party connec- tion. For fourteen years he served as con- stable and also as school director, was a county commissioner for two years and borough treasurer for two years. Mr. McCully was married in 1879 to Miss Ella Croyl, a daughter of Henry and Cath- erine Croyl, residents of Huntingdon County, Pa. To the parents of Mrs. Mc- Cully the following children were born : Margaret Victoria, who is the wife of D. T. Kantner; Martha, who is the wife of Hugh Stoddard ; Samuel A. ; Ella : William ; Robert; Henry; Ada, who is the wife of H. V. Stevens; and June, who is the wife of Frank Johnston. 'Mr. and ]Mrs. McCully have five children, namely : Bertha, L. K., H. H., M. W., and P. S. The family at- tends the Presbyterian church. GEORGE W. BOUCH, who is engaged in farming in Bell Township, Clearfield County, Pa., where he is one of the repre- sentative citizens, was born December 27, 1840, in Armstrong County, Pa., and is a son of George and Sarah (Daugherty) Bouch. George Bouch was born in Armstrong County, Pa., and moved from there to Clearfield County in 1859, settling at Clover Run. Four years later he moved his family to Jefiferson County, where his accidental death took place in 1864, at the age of fifty- five years. He married Sarah Daugherty, who died in March, 1892, when in her seventy-fiftl;i year. The maternal grand- father was of Irish extraction, but the paternal grandparents, Oxinas and Rachel (Yont) Bouch, were natives of Germany. Seven children were born to George Bouch and his wife, and. of these the survivors are: George W. ; Sarah, who is the wife of J. Weilick, of Altoona, Pa. ; Jane, who lives at Sinking Valley; Hannah, who is the wife of John Weilick ; Angelina, who lives in Clear- field County, and Florence, who lives at home. George V. Bouch had very few early ad- vantages and after boyhood found employ- ment away from home, and after coming to Clearfield County worked at lumbering and in the woods until after his marriage, when he settled on his present farm in Bell Town- ship. He is still interested in lumbering to some extent but gives his main attention to agricultural pursuits. During the Civil War he served one year as a member of Co. K, 105th Pa. Vol. Inf., under Captain Mc- Knight, in the Army of the Potomac. His regiment was encamped near Washington, D. C, in the closing months of the war, and he was honorably discharged and mustered out at Pittsburg. In 1862 Mr. Bouch was married to Miss Catherine Peace, who was born January 23, 1844, in Center County, Pa., a daughter of Solomon and Mary (Donmire) Peace, and a granddaughter of Adam and Barbara Donmire. Mr. and Mrs. Bouch had the following children born to them : William, who lives in Bell Township, married Emma McGinnis, and they have five children; 350 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Joseph, who lives in Bell Township, married Mary Yont, and they have four children; Lizzie, who is the wife of William W'eirick, of Altoona, Pa., and they have four chil- dren; Ellen, who is the wife of E. Hender- son, of Bell Township, and they have three children; James, who lives in Bell Town- ship, married Mary Harklerood. and they have two children ; Edward, who is in bus- iness at Westover, Pa., married Lulu Snyder, and they have three children ; Miles, who lives at McGee's Mills, married Lizzie Snyder and they have one child ; Clyde, who lives in Bell Township, married Jennie Davis and they have one child; Arthur, who lives with his father, married Elinor Wolf, and they have two children. Mr. and Mrs. Bouch are members of the Methodist Prot- estant church, with which he united forty- five years ago. He is a Democrat in his political views and has served one term as township supervisor. He takes a justifiable amount of pride in his large family of vigor- ous descendants. W. I. WALL, miller, owner and propri- etor of the Grampian Mill, at Grampian, Pa., is a well known business man and re- spected and representative citizen of this borough. He was born June 26, 1861. in Penn Township. Clearfield County, one mile south of Grampian, and is a son of Isaiah and Rosanna (Danver) Wall. Isaiah Wall was born in the eastern part of Pennsylvania and was a small boy when he accompanied his father, Jonathan Ball. to Penn Township, where the larger part of his subsequent life was passed. He en- gaged in farming and lumbering and be- came a man of ample estate, owning, with his son-in-law, the land on which stands Coalport. He was twice married, first to a Miss Widemyer, and second to Rosanna Danver. and seven children were born to the first marriage and one, \\ . I., to the second. The following children were born to the first union : Eliza, Jennie, Hannah, Mary Ann, T. E., Aquilla (a soldier in Civil War who died while serving his country), and an infant son, deceased. After his first marriage, Isaiah Wall lived on the Thomas E. Wall farm, on which Thos. E. Wall now lives, and continued there until after the death of his second wife, when he moved to Grampian and l^ter to Tyrone and after- ward to Coalport. There he operated a coal bank and a saw-mill during his remain- ing active years and then retired to his farm in Penn Township, on which his death oc- curred when aged eighty-three years. This farm of 125 acres he had cleared and im- proved, coming to it when it was little but a wilderness. In politics he was a Republi- can and at one time served as constable of Penn Township. He was a member of the Society of Friends and his burial was in the Friends' Cemetery. His second wife was a member of the Catholic church and she was buried in the cemetery belonging to that church, at Grampian. W. I. Wall was educated in the schools of Penn Township and the Grampian Nor- mal School, after which he engaged in farm- ing in Penn Township, operating on fifty acres of land. Later he moved to Gram- pian and bought his present mill, which is a grist-mill well fitted with modern ma- chinery for producing flour, buckwheat and chop. He operates the same with the as- sistance of one man and does a safe and Al.l.lSU.N I in- SMlllI AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 353 satisfactory business. He is an intelligent and earnest citizen and has served in the borough council, elected on the Republican ticket. He is a stockholder in tlie Penn Township Rural Telephone Company. On June 26, 1884, Mr. Wall was married to Miss Sarah A. Davis, who was born in Penn Township, a daughter of Joseph Davis, and they have had five children, namely: Earl J., who married Maude E. Bloom, a daughter of Edward Bloom, of Penn Township, and they have had one child, Sarah Elizabeth, now deceased; Lena E., who is a school-teacher; Eva Mildred, who attends the Grampian High School ; Carl W., who is also at school ; and Kenzie Lovelle, who is deceased. Mr. Wall is a member of the Society of Friends. He be- longs to the Penn Grange, to the Odd Fel- lows and the P. O. S. of A. ALLISON OPP SMITH, president judge of the Forty-sixth Judicial District of Penn- sylvania, comprising Clearfield county, was born in Limestone township, Montour county, Pennsylvania, on October 23, 1857; second child of Simpson and Charlotte Opp Smith, both natives of Lycoming county, of pioneer stock and of families identified with the early and successful lumbering and agricultural de- velopment of the Susquehanna Valley. His grandfather Jonathan Smith was a native of Philadelphia county, and his great-grandfather Col. George Smith was a soldier in the Revo- lutionary war and represented Philadelphia county in the General Assembly of the State. His grandmother Ann Simpson, of Bucks county, Pennsylvania, a great aunt of General U. S. Grant, married Jonathan Smith in 1796 and they went direct to Lycom.ing county, where they lived the rest of their lives. The parents of Judge Smith moved to Northum- berland county in 1867 and settled on a farm near Watsontown, where they lived until 1879, when they moved into Watsontown. The subject of our sketch attended the common district schools of the neighborhood and also attended academies at Dewart, Mc- Ewensville and Watsontown, also assisting on the farm until about sixteen years of age. He then spent one year clerking in a country store at Dewart, and afterwards went to Bloomsburg State Normal School and pre- pared for entrance to State College, Center county, which he entered in January, 1876, and graduated with the honors of his class in 1879. During the winter of 1879-80 he was elected principal of schools and taught the High School at Watsontown, after which he began reading law in the office of Oscar Proust, Esq., of that place. In September, 1880, he entered die Law Department of the L^niversity of Pennsylvania, at Philadelphia, as a student at law, from which institution he graduated two years later in the Law Class of 1882. During said period he was also regis- tered as a law student in the office of William A. Redding, J. Levering Jones and Hampton L. Carson, Esquires, of Philadelphia, and after his graduation, in June, 1882, on mo- tion of J. Levering Jones, Esq., one of his preceptors, he was admitted to practice law in the several courts of Philadelphia, and later in the same month was admitted to practice law in the Northumberland County Court. In September, 1882, he located in Clearfield and was admitted to practice the law in the several courts of Clearfield county on the 8th day of January, 1883. For several years he successfully practiced his profession alone, 354 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY during which time he served as solicitor for Sheriff R. X. Shaw and Sheriff E. L. Mc- Closkey, and later as county solicitor. In 1894, after the elevation of Hon. Cyrus Gor- don to the Common Pleas Bench, he formed a partnership with Thomas H. Murray, Esq., under the style of Murray & Smitli, and this partnership continued until the junior mem- ber was elected to succeed Judge Gordon on the Common Pleas Bench, which honor was won at the November election in 1903 by a majority of 2,016. In politics Judge Smith has been a Demo- crat all his life and took an active and earnest interest in party affairs from the time of ar- riving at man's estate. He served as secre- tary of the Democratic County Committee for several years beginning in 1886, and in 1890 was elected county chairman and had the dis- tinction of polling the largest majorities for his party candidates that year ever given in the county. In 1896 he was appointed and served as councilman from the First Ward of Clearfield borough, and in 1897 was elected to the office of burgess of Clearfield and served three years in that position. In 1900 he was elected school director and was filling that po- sition when elected to the bench. As a lawyer Judge Smith soon won his way to the front at the Clearfield bar. He was recognized as possessing a clear, keen, logical mind, which combined with his industry and high character won him the respect and con- fidence of his clients. While a member of the firm of Murray & Smith he had a wide expe- rience in the practice of corporation law, as that firm represented nearly all the railroads of the county and they also represented a large number of the leading mining corporations. Since going on the bench Judge Smith has gained much prominence in judicial circles all over the State. At his first license court he created a precedent in the conduct and control of the court over the granting of liquor li- censes, first, by largely reducing the number of licenses and refusing nearly fifty per cent of the applicants and, second, by establishing what is believed to be wholesome rules for governing the sales of liquor and the main- tenance of licensed hotels. Similar rules have since been adopted by a considerable number of the judges of the State and the wisdom of their establishment is apparent to anyone who has occasion to patronize the hotels of Clear- field county. Since he went upon the bench the criminal business has largel)' decreased, notwithstanding a large increase of popula- tion, composed of the people of southern Eu- rope who know little of the laws and customs of this country. This decrease in the criminal business is popularly believed to be largely due to the strict enforcement of the law in both the license and criminal courts as administered by Judge Smith. The general business of the courts under Judge Smith has been conducted with great promptness and dispatch and no one can complain of any delay in the administra- tion of justice. Four times a year all cases at issue, whether in the civil or criminal courts, whether in equity or on the argument list, by order of the court are listed for trial and hear- ing and a prompt disposal of the same enforced so far as can be done by an early trial and decision. Judge Smith is a member of the Presbyte- rian church and has for many years been on the board of trustees. He also belongs to the Masonic fraternity of Clearfield and has gone through all the chairs of the Blue Lodge and is a member of the Chapter. Although al- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 355 ways busy with his professional duties, he has at all times been closely identified with move- ments intended to advance the interests of the community, commercially and morally. In 1889 he was an organizer and the first secre- tary and treasurer, as well as director, of the Electric Light Company at Clearfield, with which he was connected until soon after he went upon the bench. He was also an organ- izer, director and president of the Paterson Clay Products Company, manufacturers of all kinds of paving and building brick. He was one of the organizers of the Clearfield Y. M. C. A. and on its board of directors ever since its organization and is now president of that body, to the maintenance of which worthy in- stitution he gives largely of his time and means. In 1904 he was chainiian of the Clearfield County Centennial Association Committee, which conducted to a successful conclusion the celebration of the one hun- dredth anniversary of the formation of Clear- field county. He has been a member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association since its organ- ization in 1894, and is now one of the vice- presidents of that body. He is also a non- resident member of the Pennsylvania Society of New York. Judge Smith was married in Clearfield, on October 17, 1888, to Margaret Helen, young- est daughter of the late Senator William A. Wallace. They have one son, William Wal- lace, and three daughters, Charlotte, Margaret and Rebecca. WILLIAM M. SHAW, deceased, for many years was one of Clearfield's promi- nent and substantial citizens, and from 1891 until the date of his death, was cashier of the County National Bank. He was a member of an old settled family of Clear- field County and was born on the paternal homestead on November 28, 1832. His parents were Richard and Mary Shaw. William M. Shaw's boyhood and youth were spent on the home farm and in attend- ance at the district schools and he continued the home farm for six years following his marriage. He then established himself as a merchant in Cedar County, Iowa, but on account of the financial stringency occa- sioned by the Civil War, he soon closed out his business venture there and returned to Pennsylvania and enlisted as a volunteer in the Federal Army. Shortly afterward he was appointed hospital steward, and during his term of service was stationed at Helena, Ark. He later engaged tentatively in business at other points prior to entering the office of Dr. A. M. Hills, at Clearfield, where he studied dental surgery and later became skilled in that profession, in which he continued until 1886, when he became identified with the County National Bank, first as teller and later as cashier. Mr. Shaw was married in 1853 to Miss Martha Jane Irwin, a daughter of Jacob Irwin, of Clearfield County. Mr. Shaw's death was preceded by that of his wife. G. R. McMURRAY, owner and propri- etor of a meat market at Beulah, Clearfield County, Pa., was born in Bigler Township, Clearfield County, April 5, 1880, and is a son of J. A. and Sophia (Young) McMur- ray, and a grandson of John McMurray. The parents of Mr. McMurray are well known residents of Beulah and Bigler Township, where the father formerly was a farmer and lumberman. He is still quite 356 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY active and is janitor of the public school building at this place. He married Sophia Young and the following children were born to them : Mary, who is the wife of S. B. Echard; John; William; Emma, who is the wife of John McLaughlin ; Margaret, who is the wife of Paul Lindenburg; Bertha, who is the wife of John Forsythe ; Sadie, who is the wife of Cloyd Moss; Pearl, Ruth, Orvis, and Sylvester, deceased. G. R. McMurray attended the common schools and then followed farming until in September, 1910, when he went into the butchering business at Beulah, having pur- chased his stand in the previous month. He is an excellent business man and is prospering. In 1907 Mr. McMurray was married to Miss Hannah Beyer, who is a daughter of John and Emma E. (Ross) Beyer, and a sister of Lewis W. Beyer, who is a merchant and postmaster at Smoke Run. Mr. and Mrs. McMurray live at Smoke Run, where Mrs. McMurray owns a fine residence. They have had one son, George, who was born May 5, 1910, and died in the following August. They attend the Methodist Epis- copal church. He is a Democrat in his political views but takes no very active part, being much more interested in developing his business. ISAAC KNEPP, owner of a farm of 226 .acres in Bradford township, Clearfield County, Pa., has resided on this farm for 35 years, and comes of one of the early fam- ilies of the county. He was born in 1851 in Bradford township, and is a son of Ben- jamin and Sarah Knepp. His father was born in Juniata County, Pa., and at an early age came with his parents to Clearfield county and settled on the David Dale farm in Bradford township. He spent the re- mainder of his life in this township and died on the John Murray farm. Isaac Knepp was reared in Bradford township and obtained his education in the local schools of the county. After his mar- riage he located on his present farm of 226 acres, which is located about five miles east of Bigler. and has since carried on general farming. He has made many improve- ments on the place during the past 35 years, and has erected a large frame house and a fine barn. A prominent citizen of his town- ship, he has served as school director for two terms, as steward of the U. B. church, and as supervisor of the township. In 1875 Mr. Knepp married Jane Hubler, b(irn in 1857, a daughter of Levey Hubler, who during his life was one of the promi- nent farmers of Graham township, and the following children have been born of their union: Otis married Miss Zella \\'ilson, and they have two children, Esther and Mary Ellen; he resides in Clearfield, and is em- ployed in a furniture store. Ashley Knepp, married to Miss Minnie Eshelman, resides at Bigler, employed as a farmer. Florence, married to Mr. Thomas Luzier, resides at Sliiloh. Etta died in 1882. aged 2 years. Hector is employed as a miner. Seymour married to Miss Ruth Lansberry, resides at Caro, Michigan, employed as scientist. Ray resides at Pittsburg, employed as a stenographer. Merlin is attending college. Pearl is employed as teacher in public schools. Verva is attending Normal school. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 357 SAMUEL BLAIR ECHARD, owner and proprietor of a blacksmith shop and a dealer also in agricultural machinery and farm implements, at Ramey, Pa., is one of the representative men of the borough which he has served officially on numerous occa- sions. He was born November 2, 1866, in Freedom Township, Blair County, Pa., and is a son of John and Salome (Stiffler) Echard. John Echard was born in Blair County and was a son of George Echard. He was a farmer in Blair County and spent his life there. He married Salome Stiffler, who is also deceased, and they had the following children born to them : James F. ; Catherine, who is the wife of Samuel Stiffler; Henry M. ; Samuel B.; Joseph C. ; Mary A., who is the wife of David L. Semple; Peter W. ; and Anna B., who is the wife of Calvin Fleming. Samuel Blair Echard obtained his educa- tion in the public schools of Blair County and then worked on the home farm until he was twenty-one years of age, after which he spent one year in the woods. He came to Clearfield County when he was twenty- one and worked for eight years at the car- penter trade and then turned his attention to blacksmithing and dealing in farm im- plements. Mr. Echard is considered an expert mechanic and has proved the justice of this reputation by his successful efforts in both trades. He is an intelligent and active citizen and one who commands the confidence of his fellow citizens. He served in the borough council for two and one-half terms, was borough treasurer for one term and for seven years has been a member of the school board. He is also a member of the board of trustees and treasurer of the Methodist Episcopal church at Ramey. On November 2, 1894, Mr. Echard was married to Miss Mary J. McMurray, a daughter of Alexander and Sophia McMur- ray, and they have three children: John A., Vida May, and William McKinley, all of whom are very satisfactory pupils in the Ramey schools. In politics Mr. Echard is a Republican. CHRISTIAN B. HAAG, a lifelong resi- dent of Clearfield County, Pa., who is a representative citizen of Troutville. where he has been in the undertaking business since 1878, also devotes some attention to farming in Brady Township. He was born on the family homestead in Brady Town- ship, September 17, 1853, and is a son of Christian and Catherine (Weise) Haag. Christian Haag was the eldest of five chil- dren born to his parents, the other four being: Elizabeth, who was the wife of Jacob Dunmeyer (both deceased) ; Mary, who is the widow of Moses Ireily ; Philip, who lives at Punxatawney, Pa., whose twin brother, Hanry, is deceased. His family live in Akron, O. Christian Haag, father oi Christian B., was born in Germany, in 1823, and was nine years old when the family set sail for America, a country he almost failed to reach, as one one occasion, he fell from the deck of the vessel and but for the quick action of a sailor, would speedily have been drowned in the Atlantic Ocean. He lived to become a man of large estate and one of Brady Township's most respected citizens. He grew to manhood in JefTerson County, Pa., but later bought fifty acres of land one mile south of Troutville, in Clearfield 358 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY County, subsequently adding two more tracts of fifty acres each. He devoted him- self exclusively to agriculture and remained interested in his crops and stock during all the rest of his active life. His death oc- curred in 1890, in Brady Township. He was twice married, first to Charlotte Knarr and they had three children: Mary, who is deceased, who was the wife of Henry W. Weber; and Henry and Adam. The mother of these children died in 1847. Mr. Haag was married second to Catherine W'eise, who died in 1889, having been the mother of nine chil- dren, namely: Christian B., John, Catherine, Philip, Frederick, August, William, Jacob and Joseph. Catherine is the wife of William Mc- Connell, and Frederick is deceased. Christian Haag. the father of Christian B. Haag, died in 1890. Christian B. Haag spent his boyhood on the home farm but later learned the carpenter's trade and followed the same for many years. In 1876 he moved into Troutville, where he lived ten years, afterwards residing ten years on the farm and then returning to Troutville, where he now lives and where he has a fine residence and office adjoining, having resided here for the last fifteen years. He went into the undertaking business in 1878, having re- ceived his diploma in embalming at the Pitts- burg College of Embalming, where he was under the instruction of Prof. Sullivan, and where he has returned several times in order to take post graduate work. He has since been continuously engaged in this work, a pe- riod of 33 years. He is well equipped for funeral directing, having a handsome black funeral car and a team of horses that are very generally admired, being well matched blacks, with white star foreheads. He has all the ap- purtenances required for either an elaborate funeral, or for the quieter ser\'ice that many families prefer. In September, 1876, Mr. Haag was married to Miss Sarah M. Bonsall, who died April 8, 191 1. She was a daughter of Amos Bonsall, a prominent citizen of this section. A family of five children has been born to them, namely : Amos, who is manager of the railroad com- pany's farms at Helvetia, Clearfield county, married Florence London and they have one child, Arthur; Orpha, married M. A. Zimmer- man, of Troutville, Pa., and they now live in Warren, O. (they have two children — Mar- garet and Donald) ; Morris, who is a grad- uate of the dental department of the Balti- more Medical College, is practicing dentistry at Meriden, Conn., and married Belle Han- ney; Vina, is the wife of Allen R. McHenry, of Sagamore, Pa., who is general manager for the B. & O. people of that place. Miss Hul- dah resides at home. Mr. Haag and family belong to the Lutheran church. In his polit- ical views he is a Democrat but he has never accepted any public office other than school di- rector, and only that from a sense of duty. He has been a very active member of Mingle Lodge, No. 753, at Troutville, for many years and belongs also to the auxiliary society, the Rebeccas, and in 19 10 he was sent as a rep- resentative to the Grand Lodge at Williams- port, which is considered a signal honor. C. B. ELLIOTT, M. D., physician and surgeon, who has been located at Coalport, Clearfield county. Pa., since 1892, was born near Cumberland, Md., April 23. 1854, and is a son of John and Catherine (Miller) Elliott. John Elliott was born near Ligonier. Pa., a son of John Elliott, who came to America AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 359 from Ireland, in 1792. The history of the Elhotts, or, as originally written — Eliot or Ellis — dates back to the nth century. Wil- liam H. Eliot was a leader under, and princi- pal adviser of William, Duke of Normandy during the Conquest, 1066. It was a John Eliot who held the fort at Gibraltar, against Spain, at that time being a commander in the British Navy. The family is traced to the north of Britain and the name Eliot perhaps was thus written when the family had estates near Eliot, Dundee, Scotland. The old Eliot stronghold is at Port Eliot, St. Gennans, Cornwall, England. It was purchased by John Eliot, son of Edward Eliot, of Cutland, Devonshire. The arms of the Eliot family are thus mentioned in heraldy : Argent ; a fesse gules, between double coutises wavy az- ure; Crest: an elephant's head, argent, plain collared gules; Supporters: two eagles, re- guardent wings displayed and inverted proper, each charged on the breast with an emiine spot sable. The motto: "Proedentibus insta" is freely translated as "Press close upon those who take the lead." Sir John Whitaker Ellis, or Eliot, descended from two chiefs: Charles Ellis, of Abbots Bromley, and George Ellis, who was at the conquest of Jamaica in 1656. The latter's grandson, Charles Rose Ellis, of Claremont, ,Surrey, was, on July 15, 1826, created Baron Seaford. It was from this branch of the fam- ily came Charles Augustus Ellis, the sixth Baron Howard De Walden; while from the Abbot Bromley branch, one of its members, Sir John Whitaker Ellis, represented the City of London as Lord Mayor. The crest of this family is thus described : A female figure ppr. vested or, holding in the dexter hand a chap- let of roses gules, and in the senister a palm branch slipped vert (Middlesex). The progenitors of the American Ellis fam- ily can be traced to Wales. Richard Ellis was born in Dublin, Ireland, August 10, 1704. His father, a native of Wales, died when Richard was about thirteen years of age and the next authenticated record is of his appearing at Plymouth, Mass. His descendants are almost without exception people who have achieved importance in some way. Included in these are: O. W. Ellis, of Chicago. Ill; Rev. Charles H. Ellis, of Kingston, N. Y. ; Stewart H. Elliott, of New York City; C. B. Elliott, M. D., of Coalport, Pa.; W. Dixon Ellis, of New York City; Marshall Elliott, of Balti- more, Md., born at Wilmington, N. C, Jan- uary 24, 1846, a son of Aaron E. Elliott — Harvard, 1868, Ph. D., Princeton, 1877, LL. D., Wake Forest, N. C, 1891 Modern Lan- guages, Associate of the American Philogical Society and the Maryland Historical Society; and John Whittaker Elliott, M. D., of Boston. Mass., born at Keene, N. H., in October, 1852, son of John Henry Elliott, a member of the Maryland University Alumni, the Johns Hop- kins and the Rolland Park Country Club. John Elliott, father of Dr. Elliott, of Coal- port, resided at different places during life, for many years being engaged in lumbering and having his home alternately or succes- sively at Mt. Savage, Southampton, Tipton and Tyrone, in 1880 moving from the latter place to Coalport, where he opened the first store in the place, the old building where he conducted it still being in evidence. He died here in 1890 at the age of seventy-four years. He married Catherine Miller, who was born at Addison, Somerset county. Pa., and died in 360 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 19 lo, aged about eighty years. They had three children: C. B. ; Jack M. and Laura B. Jack M. Eihotl was active in Republican pol- itics and at one time was the nominee of his party for sheriff, and while the county had a large normal Democratic majority, he came within 200 votes of winning the election. He resides at Coalport. Laura B. Elliott became the wife of J. C. Weller. county superintendent of schools of Somerset county. They reside at Gebhart. C. B. Elliott was educated at Tipton Acad- emy, where he w^as a student for five years. In 1 87 1 he entered Jefferson Medical College, Pliiladelphia, where he was graduated in the class of 1874. He located at Osceola Mills and practiced there for one year, when the place was practically destroyed by fire and he then settled at Altoona and four years later moved to Indianapolis, Ind.. but one year later came back to Pennsylvania and was established for five years at Utahville, in Clearfield county. He suffered a second loss by fire and in 1884 located again at Altoona, where he was in practice until 1892, when there appeared to be a particularly good professional opening at Coalport. and he has been in active practice here ever since. He is one of the county phy- sicians. Dr. Elliott makes a specialty of dis- eases of the eye and in treating these delicate organs he has been more than usually success- ful. Dr. Elliott was married in 1880 to Miss Laura M. Cherry, a daughter of John W. Cherry, who fomierly was an undertaker at Altoona. Mrs. Elliott died in 1891. Dr. El- liott takes a great deal of pride in his ances- tral histor}'. although some of the later rec- ords are not complete, family annals havini^ been lost with other important documents, in the fire that destroyed his effects while in prac- tice at Altoona. GEORGE MINNS, JR., a representative citizen and prominent business man of DuBois. Pa., a successful coal operator and interested additionally in other enterprises, was born August 4, 1873, at Renovo, Pa., and is a son of George T. and Alice (Hunter) Minns. George T. Minns was born in England in 1845 ^"*^ became a miner at an early age, his experience in this direction covering many years. He was married in England to Alice Hunter and they remained there until after the birth of two children and then came to America. Mr. Minns was led to settle at Renovo, Clinton county. Pa., because it was a fine mining district and after working for coal companies there for a time he leased and operated a mine of his own. He removed then with his family, to Butler county, Pa., contin- uing in the coal business and during his pe- riod of residence there sold coal to the oil fields at a profit. In 1880 he came to DuBois and here entered the employ of John DuBois, for whom he opened up mines and from whom he later bought a farm in the Clear Run neigh- borhood. This land Mr. Minns cleared and it is tlie present place of residence of the fam- ily. Mr. and Mrs. Minns had twelve children born to them, namely : Bessie, who is now de- ceased, was the wife of Oscar Long; Sarah, who was the wife of Wm. Guntrum; Cather- ine, who is the wife of Edward Trude; George; John; William; Robert: .Mice, who is the wife of George Whii)ple: Abbie. who is the wife of W. B. Johnson; Martha, who is the wife of Everett Case; Henry, youngest, at home. George Minns attended school as circum- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 361 stances permitted, during boyhood, but by the time he was fifteen years of age he had become very useful to his fatlier on tlie newly pur- chased farm. Four years later he went to lumbering and continued to farm and to work in the woods until 1896, when, with his father, he leased a tract of coal land from A. C. Hop- kins, of Loch Haven, Pa. There was one mine already on the place and they started their drift on the left of it and began produc- ing coal. In a short time the younger part- ner bought out the entire interest and ever since has operated this mine alone. It has ful- filled every expectation and has proved a val- uable investment. Mr. Minns runs three wagons and sells coal to the local trade and supi)lies the larger numl>er of the factories at DuBois. He has other business interests and owns a large amount of valuable real estate, including a farm in Sandy township and the Hotel Logan, at DuBois, which he leases, hav- ing previously remodeled the building. In 1900, Mr. Minns erected his handsome brick residence at No. 601 First Street. Mr. Minns was married to Miss Ella Bair. a daughter of William Bair, of Falls Creek, Pa., and they have four children: Earl, Mary, Alice and Ruth. Mr. Minns and family are members of the Episcopal church. In politics he is a Republican and is an active, interested and public-spirited citizen. Since 1905 he has been a member of the borough council of Du- Bois and has been sincere in his efforts to se- cure and regulate beneficial measures for the people. He belongs fraternally to the Elks and the Knights of Pythias and socially to the /(.corn Club. Mr. Minns is a stockholder in the Union Banking and Trust Company of DuBois. E. B. MAHAFFEY, cashier of the Madera National Bank of Madera, Pa., is one of the younger business men of this place and his whole business experience has been with bank- ing institutions. He was born in Indiana county. Pa., March 14, 1881, and is a son of John and Mary Jane (Ake) Mahaffey. John Mahaffey was born in Clearfield county but died in Indiana county, having been engaged for a number of years in the livery business at Hillsdale. He married Mary Jane Ake, who was born in Blair county. She sur- vives and resides at Burnside, Clearfield county. They had three children: J. L., E. B., and Nellie. In politics John Mahaffey was a Republican. His father was Thomas Ma- haffey and was born in Snyder county. Pa., and farther back the ancestry can be traced to Ireland. John Mahaffey and wife were mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church ai Hillsdale. E. B. Mahaffey was educated in the public schools of his native county and at Purchase- line Academy, after which he entered the First National Bank at Glen Campbell and came from there to the First National at Madera, in 1907. He is interested in property here and is a representative citizen along all lines. In 1905, in Indiana county, Mr. Mahaffey was married to Miss Beulah Long, who is a daughter of Charles and Sarah (Jamison) Long. Mrs. Mahaffey has one older sister, Zonie, who is the wife of C. C. Williams, and a younger sister and brother, Goldie and New- ell. Mr. and Mrs. Mahaffey have one daugh- ter, Sarah Jane. They attend the Presbyte- rian church. In politics Mr. Mahaffey is not very active but casts his vote with the Repub- lican party. 362 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY MICHAEL CRAIG, senior member of the firm of M. & F. Craig, coal operators, at pres- ent particularly interested in the Industry mine, at Xew Castle, Clearfield county, Pa., has been a resident of Brisbin for many years and is one of the prominent men of this bor- ough. He was born in Lanarkshire, Scotland, October ii, 1866, and is a son of James and Bridget (Rooney) Craig. Michael Craig accompanied his parents to America and to Brisbin in 1881 and has al- ways since been connected with the coal in- dustry. He 'began operating Sterling mine No. 2, October 11, 1888, and leased the prop- erty until 1897, when he bought it, and also has a lease on Sterling No. 3: and the firm owns extensive coal lands wliich they lease to Berwind White Co., Kelly Bro. Co., and also P.lythe Coal Company, and are in the gas and oil business also in West Virginia. Mr. Craig is a stockholder in the Osceola Bank. He has been a very active and public spirited citizen and has frequently served in the borough coun- cil and has twice been borough treasurer. Mr. Craig was married on June 4, 1Q07, to Miss Susan McPhilomy, who was born at Snow Shoe, Center county, and was one month old when she was brought to Brisbin by her parents, John McPhilomy and wife. Mr. and Mrs. Craig have one daughter, Catherine. They are members of the Roman Catholic clnirch. He is identified with the Knights of Columbus at Clearfield. He casts his vote with the Democratic party. GEORGE W. OAKS, a retired farmer and well known citizen of Burnside township, Clearfield county. Pa., is a native of New Eng- land, born October 31, 1831, at Dover, Maine, and is a son of Stephen L. and Sally (Ames) Oaks. Stephen L. Oaks was born in Maine, in 1796, a son of Abel and Mehitabel (Jewett) Oaks, and died in Cambria county, Pa., in 1875. He married Sally Ames, who was born in 1799, and died in 1877. In 1838 they moved from New England to Blairsville, Pa., wliere Mr. Oaks followed his trade of mill- wright, at a later date moving into Cambria county, where he lived until his decease. George W. Oaks was seven years old when his parents came to Pennsylvania. He had but meagre school opportunities and as soon as old enough worked at farming and provided for himself. He continued to follow agricul- tural pursuits in Pennsylvania until he was twenty-nine years old and then went to Sioux county, la., where he entered land and devel- oped a farm. He has been retired from active farn; work since 1903. Mr. Oaks married Miss Elizabeth Mock, who was born in Bedford county. Pa., June 12, 1833, and died January 26, 1897. They had the following children born to them: Phineas, who lives in Iowa, married Alice J. Stanton; Amanda, who is deceased; Mary C, who is the wife of Irwin Jones, lives in Iowa; Joseph E., who lives at Hawarden, la. ; John, wliose home is also at Hawarden ; Charles, who resides at Chatsworth, la. ; and William, who lives at Hawarden. Mr. Oaks has grand- children as follows: Walter, Ray and Ar- thur, sons of Phineas, and of these, Walter lias three children and Arthur has two; eight children of his daughter Mary (two sons of this family are married, Orald has two chil- dren and Norton has one child) ; one son of bis son Joseph E., one of his son John, one of i;ni,AM> i>A\ IS swoori; AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 365 his son Charles, and five of his son, Wilham Oaks. The family is an unusually vigorous one and all its members are prosperous and representative people of the section in which they live. M. J. KELLY, proprietor of the Aberdeen Hotel, at Grampian, Pa., where he is one of the leading citizens, was born October 27, 1871, at Bellefonte, Center county. Pa., and is a son of Thomas F. and Mary (Hehir) Kelly. Mr. Kelly was educated at Bellefonte and other points and has been a resident of Gram- pian since 1902, when he succeeded McMillen & Ryan, as proprietor of the Aberdeen Hotel, a modern, hot-water heated building, having twenty bed-rooms and catering to transient trade. Mr. Kelly makes a specialty of his fine table, the best the market affords being placed before his guests. His charges are very mod- erate, being $1.50 per day. His patronage is dependable, travelers making it convenient to return on their trips so that they may enjoy the comforts of Mr. Kelly's house at Gram- pian. In addition to his hotel business, Mr. Kelly has other interests, being the owner of a coal mine at Fernwood, which is operated under the name of the Fernwood Coal Com- pany. He owns sixty acres and leases 100 more, the vein here being two feet and thirty- two inches thick. He gives employment to thirty-two or more men. Mr. Kelly married Miss Elizabeth Smith, a daughter of Edward Smith, of Snowshoe, Pa., and they have two children, Mary and Katherine. Mr. Kelly and wife are members of the Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat but has never accepted any office except that of school director of the borough. He is identified with the Elks at Clearfield, and is numbered with the honest, upright and useful men of Grampian. ROLAND DAVIS SWOOPE was born at Curwensville, Clearfield county, Pa., Au- gust 26, 1856, and is the eldest son of the late Hon. Henry Bucher Swoope and Susanna Pat- ton (Irvin) Swoope. On the paternal side he is a lineal descendant of Colonel Jacob Mytin- ger, who served in the War of the Revolution, as second in command of "VonHeer's Battal- ion of Light Dragoons" which regiment was. the personal escort of General George Wash- ington, between whom and Colonel Mytinger a warm personal friendship existed. Colonel Mytinger was also one of the charter mem- bers of the "Society of the Cincinnati." On his maternal side, the subject of this sketch is a lineal descendant of Colonel John Patton, who was also actively engaged in the struggle for National Independence, as colonel of the Sixteenth Regiment of Pennsylvania Troops, and for a time had charge of the defenses of Philadelphia. Colonel Patton was one of that noble band of patriots in Philadelphia, who raised, on their own personal responsibility, two hundred and sixty thousand pounds to aid the Revolutionary army in the greatest crisis of that memorable struggle. He was also a member of the "Society of the Cincin- nati." Hon. Henry Bucher Swoope, the father of the subject of our sketch, was one of the most brilliant and distinguished lawyers of Penn- sylvania, also famous as a political speaker and as one of the leaders of the Republican party of his State. His mother Susanna Pat- ton (Irvin) Swoope was a daughter of Wil- liam Irvin, one of the pioneer lumbermen and business men of Clearfield county. Roland 366 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Davis Svvoope spent his boyhood days in Clearfield, where he attended the public schools and the old Clearfield Academy. In 1869 his father, having been appointed by President Grant, United States Attorney for the Western District of Pennsylvania, the family removed to Pittsburg, Pa., where they continued to reside until the death of Hon. H. B. Swoope, in February, 1874, when they re- turned to Curwensville. In addition to the Clearfield schools, Mr. Swoope also attended die High School, Potts- town, Pa., Ayers Latin School at Pittsburg, Pa., Phillips Academy at Andover, Mass., and the Western University of Pennsylvania. While a student at Andcjver he founded and ■was the first member of the "K. O. A." So- ciety, a famous school fraternity, member- ship in which is the highest ambition of every Phillips Andover student. This society num- bers among its alumni, many of the most dis- tinguished men in the country. In 1876 he entered the law office of Murray & Gordon, a firm, at that time, composed of Hon. Thomas H. Murray, who had pursued his legal studies in the office of Hon. H. Bucher Svvoope, and Hon. Cyrus Gordon, af- terwards president judge of the courts of Clearfield county. In order to support him- self, while reading law, Mr. Swoope engaged in the insurance business, building up a suc- cessful business which he disposed of after his admission to the bar, and devoted himself to his profession. After passing a successful ex- amination, he was admitted to the bar of Clearfield county in 1878. He is also a' mem- ber of the bar of the United States courts, and of the Supreme and Superior Courts of Penn- sylvania. He has always taken an interest in public affairs and served as cliairman of the Repub- lican County Committee for several years, be- ing first elected chairman in 1888, which was the year of the presidential campaign when Benjamin Harrison was elected president over Grover Cleveland. So efficient was the organ- ization and work of the Republican party un- der Mr. Swoope's chaimianship, that he re- duced an adverse plurality of 1,501, which the Democratic candidate had received in the pre- vious gubernatorial election, to 869 and in rec- ognition of his efforts he received a medal of honor and a resolution of thanks from the Republican State Committee. Mr. Swoope has also taken an active part in many political campaigns as a stump speaker for his party, not only in his own county but throughout the state. As a lawyer, Mr. Swoope has a large and successful practice and has Ijeen engaged in many important and interesting cases. He ar- gued the case of Jackson vs. the Pennsylvania Railroad Company before the Supreme Court of Pennsylvania and though opposed by John G. Johnson. Esq., the leader of the Philadel- phia bar, and other eminent counsel, Mr. Swoope succeeded in having affirmed a ver- dict against the railroad company for treble damages for discrimination in failing to fur- nish coal cars to his client, thus sustaining the constitutionality of the Act of Assembly of 1883, gving the right to recover treble dam- ages in such cases. Among other important cases in which he has been concerned, was that of the Central Trust Company of New York vs. the Clear- field Creek Coal Company, an action to fore- close a mortgage by a minority in number and amount of the holders of the bonds secured by said mortgage, although the mortgage con- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 367 tained a provision that it could only be en- forced upon the written request of a majority in number and amount, of the holders of the bonds. This case raised a novel legal ques- tion in Pennsylvania, but after a vigorous con- test, the plaintiffs were successful in obtaining a decree of foreclosure of the mortgage and a judgment for $540,000.00 against the coal company, thus establishing, for the first time in the courts of this state, the right of a mi- nority of the bond-holders secured by a cor- poration mortgage, to compel a foreclosure. As a lawyer, Mr. Swoope has always refused to represent liquor license applications, and has been active in the cause of temperance, having been one of the officers of the Constitutional Prohibition Amendment Association of Clear- field county, when that question was submit- ted to the voters of Pennsylvania, and, al- though the amendment was defeated in the state, it carried Clearfield county by a large majority. ,„ Mr. Swoope is also largely interested in the development of the coal business of Clearfield county. In connection with other owners of coal property near Madera he was active in securing the construction of railroad e.Kten- sions and he and his associates built part of the necessary railroad branches to reach their lands at their own expense and thus opened up the largest coal territory now being oper- ated in Clearfield county. In the conduct of the numerous coal operations in which he is interested Mr. Swoope has always insisted on recognizing organized labor. Mr. Swoope is a stockholder and one of the directors of the Curwensville National Bank and is also inter- ested in other financial institutions. Mr. Swoope was one of the founders of the Curwensville "Mountaineer," which is recog- nized as among the leading Republican coun- try newspapers of the state. He is fond of literary pursuits. He is the owner of a fine library and has prepared and delivered many lectures and patriotic addresses. Mr. Swoope is an official member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Curwensville, Pa., he is also a member of the Pennsylvania Bar Association, the Union League of Phila- delpia : the American Academy of Political and Social Science; the Historical Society of Clearfield county; the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, the Clearfield-Curwensville Country Club and other organizations. In May, 1880, Mr. Swoope was married to Miss Cora Arnold, daughter of the late Sam- uel Arnold, of Curwensville, Pa. To this un- ion five children were born, of whom three survive, namely: Henry Bucher Swoope, coal operator, Madera, Pa., Roland Davis Swoope, Jr., editor of the Curwensville "Mountaineer," and also editor of the Clearfield County His- tory, and Miss Mary Swoope of Curwensville, Pa. REV. JOHN MITCHELL CHASE, de- ceased, who, for a number of years officiated in various parts of Clearfield county as an or- dained minister of the Baptist faith, was long one of the best known citizens of Woodward township and became one of its largest land owners. He was, however, a self-made man, and his accumulations were the result of in- dustry', frugality and sound judginent, while his liberal disbursements came freely, inspired by a kind, charitable and generous nature. He was bom in Cuyahoga county, O., March 11, 1820, and was a son of Benjamin and Eliza (Swan) Chase. In early boyhood John M. Chase was left 368 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY fatherless, one of a family of five children be- reft of one parent to become burdens on the other. The devoted mother had no means either to care for them. At that time the fam- ily lived in Broome county, N. Y., having moved there in 1825, and the mother kept her little ones with her as long as possible. The inevitable parting came, however, when John M. was seven years old, at which age he left home to earn his own living. The mother mar- ried again but did not much improve her finan- cial status. It is recorded in the family, as showing the loving, generous and unselfish nature of the youth, that in all his lonely wan- derings in search of paying employment, he never forgot to send messages to his mother and as soon as he had secured his first land, a little tract on Little Clearfield Creek, he sent for her and his step-father and gave them filial respect and care as long as they survived. In 1845 Mr. Chase was married and in 1852 moved to the northwest part of Wood- ward township and there engaged in lumber- ing. That was his main business during his active life and he accjuired extensive tracts of some of the finest timber land in Clearfield county. His home continued to be in Clear- field county. On August 14, 1862, he enlisted for service in the Civil war, entering Company B, 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., of which he was elected lieuten- ant, but later, through the intervention of his personal friend. Governor Curtin, he was ap- pointed regimental quartermaster. Army ex- posure brought on a disability which resulted in his honorable discharge, after nineteen months of service. He returned to his home and in the course of time resumed his former activities. Subsequently he invested in land that was rich in coal deposits. From youth Mr. Chase had been serious-minded, probably in part made so by the heavy responsibilities so early placed upon him, and in early man- hood had united with the Baptist church, in which he was ordained a minister in 1870. Prior to the Civil war he was an Abolitionist in his political creed and subsequently became a Republican, but late in life he associated him- self with the Prohibitionists. On September 18, 1845, M^"- Chase was married to Miss Tabitha Williams and eleven children were born to them. Of these, one son, John M. Chase, formerly postmaster of Cleai-field but now retired, lives at No. 22 S. Fourth street, Clearfield. Another son, B. F. Chase, now American consul at Leeds, Eng- land. For many years he was a very promi- nent business man of this city. DANIEL RICHARDS, who has devoted the larger part of his business life to farming and lumbering in Clearfield county, Pa., is one of the substantial men of Boggs township and a highly respected resident of Wallaceton. He was born in Boggs township, February 8, 1853, and is a son of James and Susan (Dick- son) Richards. James Richards was one of the old and rep- resentative farmers and lumbermen of Boggs tow^nship, coming to this section in his youth. He married Susan Dickson, and they had the following children born to them: Howard, John, George, James, Sarah and Tarner, twins. Myrtle, Cyrus, Daniel, Kirt, Emma, and Velma. Of these, John, James, Sarah and Tamer, are all deceased. Sarah was the wife of Alexander Gwynn; Tamer was the wife of Jacob Ulrich; Myrtle was the second wife of Alexander Gwynn; Emma is the wife of Rob- ert White, and Velma is the wife of Mat hew AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 369 Askey. James Richards and wife were mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Daniel Richards obtained the usual amount of schooling that was afforded boys in the sec- tion in which he was reared, the most of them, like himself, being needed early to assist on the home farms. Mr. Richards owns a val- uable farm of ninety acres situated in Boggs township, together with two houses and four lots in the village of Wallaceton, all excellent property. He has served six years as a mem- ber of the Wallaceton School Board, and served also for six years on the borough coun- cil. He was reared in the Republican party, his father always having given it support after its organization, and he has continued his af- filiation with the same. In 1877 Mr. Richards was married to Miss Amelia Sloan, who died December 6, 1901. She was a daughter of Charles and Barbara (Stoner) Sloan, who came from Lancaster county to Clearfield county. They had two children: Amelia and Elizabeth, the latter of whom married Jacob Dimling. Mr. Richards was married, second, February 24, 1904, to Mrs. Mary A. (Wetzel) Turner, widow of George Turner, and a daughter of Daniel and Susannah (Cowder) Wetzel. The parents of Mrs. Richards were born in Lancaster county but their parents moved to Clearfield county when they were children. They had three children : George, Mary A. and Daniel W. Mrs. Richards owns a farm of fifty acres and also a comfortable house with barn. situated in Wallaceton. She is an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church, while Mr. Rich- ards belongs to the Presbyterian church. He is interested in the Grange, at Blue Ball, and is connected with the Odd Fellows at Clear- field. EDGAR WILLIAM TURLEY, a prosper- ous business man at Irvona, Pa., where he is engaged in the mercantile business, was born at Osceola Mills, Clearfield county, Pa., July 3, 1874, and is a son of George W. and Sarah (Potter) Turley. George W. Turley was born in 1849, i" Center county. Pa. He resides with his fam- ily at Coalport and for a number of years has been a mine foreman and also a coal operator. He married Sarah Potter, who was born in Blair county and is a daughter of Robert Pot- ter, one of the old residents of that section. The father of George W. Turley was a rail- road engineer and met with an accidental death on the line and his burial was at Richmond, Va. Six children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Turley, all of whom survive, namely : Jennie, who is the wife of Orville Spencer, of Cape Charles, Va. ; Estella, who is the wife of Blair Miller, now of Altoona, formerly of Blands- burg, Pa. ; Minnie, who is the wife of J. H. Gillman, of Bellwood, formerly of Cambria county: Cora, who is the wife of L. B. Bland, of Blandsburg; Maud, who resides at home; and Edgar W., of Irvona. Edgar William Turley attended school un- til he was about sixteen years of age, having advantages in the Normal Schools at New Washington and Mountaindale. His first bus- iness experience was as a clerk at Altoona and later he became weighmaster and coal mine foreman and subsequently went into the coal business with his father at Mountaindale and other places and has been in business for him- self for the last seven years. Measured by the success which he has had, it is evident that his capacity is very considerable. For a time he was in business at Galitzin. later at Dysart and still later at Osceola, and for the past three 370 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY years he has been in the mercantile business, operating also the Ent-Turley Coal Company and having other interests. This company em- ploys about sixty men in Clearliekl county, working on Vein B., on the South Whitmer branch. Mr. Turley was married in 1900 to Miss Susan Rodgers, of Somerset county. Pa., and they have had five children : Beulah, Ruth, Evaline, George and Edwina, the last two be- ing now deceased. In politics Mr. Turley is a Rei)ublican. He is identified fraternally with the K. M. C. and the Moose, at Irvona and Coalport. He is a man of frank, pleasant manner and is ver>' ix)pular with his fellow citizens. S. J. MILLER, M. D., vice-president of the Madera National Bank, at Madera, Pa., owner and proprietor of a drug store and for tiie past sixteen years the leading physician and sur- geon of this place, is one of the foremost cit- izens. Dr. Miller was born in Pike township, Clearfield county. Pa., in 1859, and is a son of David and Sarah (Welch) Miller. David Miller was a son of Christian Miller, who was born in Center county. Pa., probably of German parentage. David Miller was a millwright by trade and was considered a good workman. Whh his wife he attended the Methodist church. In his political affiliation he was a Republican. The children born to David and Sarah Miller were: S. J.; Clara, now deceased, was the wife of John Sar- cen; Emory; John, who is a physician in prac- tice at Kansas City; James, who is a practic- ing physician at Grampian. Pa. ; and Monroe. After completing the common school course, S. J. Miller entered Dickinson Seminary at Williamsport, where he continued his studies for one year, after which he prepared for medical college and became a student in the New York University, where he was grad- uated in the class of 1886. He entered upon the practice of his profession at Ansonville, Pa., where he remained for ten years and then came to Madera. He is widely known profes- sionally all through this section and for the past twelve years has been the Penn. Ry. Co.'s surgeon at Madera. Dr. Miller has impor- tant business interests at Madera and in ad- dition to those mentioned, he is also president of the Madera \Yater Company. He is an active and interested citizen and has been a member of the school board for fifteen years and is serving as its president. In 1873 Dr. Miller was married to Miss Emma Klare, a daughter of Andrew and Su- san Klare, the former of whom was a shoe- maker at Wallacetown, Pa. Mrs. Miller is one of the following family: Josephine, who is the wife of John Harkins; May, who is the wife of Ross Wynn; Edna, who is the wife of John Bard ; Emma, who is the wife of Dr. Miller; and Alfred, Frank, George and Mar- tin. Dr. and Mrs. Miller have five children, namely: Vera, who is the wife of Fred Byer, of Tyrone, and John Donald, Frank, Lois and Muriel. Dr. Miller and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a promi- nent Free Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Curwensville; the Chapter at Clearfield; the Commandery at Philipsburg; the Consistory at Williamsport, and the Shrine at Altoona. He is identified also with the P. S. O. of A., at Madera. PETER BEAUSEIGNEUR, farmer and lumberman of Girard township, Clearfield AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 371 county, Pa., was born in France and was brought to America by his parents in 1854, and they settled on the homestead now owned by his brother James Beauseigneur. In 1875 he purchased a fann of 160 acres, situated two miles west of the old homestead, where he has been living ever since. On October 26, 1875, Peter Beausiegneur was married to Miss Elizabeth McGovern, of Girard township, where she was born and reared. Eleven children have been born to them, namely : O. E., Blanche, Virginia, Fannie, Vernon A., J. B., Cavanaugh, Susie, Monica, Rae and Jane. The beloved mother of these children died in 1908. She was a good, Christian woman, a faithful member of St. Mary's Catholic church at Frenchville, to which her husband and children also belong. Farming and stockraising are carried on by Mr. Beauseigneur and his sons and they are numbered with the substantial men of the township. They take no very active part in politics but are always ready to perform the duties required of them as good citizens. Mr. Beausiegneur is well known all through this section and his advice and co-operation are often sought by his fellow citizens. GILLESPIE B. YEANEY, M. D., who has been successfully engaged m the practice of medicine at Clearfield, Pa., since 1904, was born October 25, 1880 at New Mayville, Clarion county. Pa., and is the only son of Pe- ter M. and Nannie (Cummings) Yeaney of Clarion county. Pa. His father is vice-presi- dent of the Second National Bank of Clarion and has been a resident of Clarion county all his life. Dr. G. B. Yeaney was reared at Clarion, Pa., where he attended the high school, and also took a course at the Clarion Normal. He took up the study of medicine at the Western Pennsylvania Medical College, now Univer- sity of Pittsburg, and after graduating with the class of 1903. He then took a post grad- uate course in New York City. In 1904 he came to Clearfield, Pa., where he has his of- fice at his residence at No. 104 South Second street, and has established an extensive prac- tice, and won the confidence and esteem of his fellow citizens. Dr. Yeaney was married September 12, 1904, to Ella Olsen, who is a daughter of Larsen Olsen (deceased), and they have one daughter, Catherine Pauline. Dr. Yeaney is a member of the American, the State and County Medical Societies, and also of several fraternal organizations. He is politically a Republican, although inclined to be independ- ent. Dr. and Mrs. Yeaney are members of the Presbyterian church. ISAAC HILLER'S SONS, conducting a general harness store at Houtzdale, estab- lished this plant in this borough, in 1883, com- ing from Luthersburg, Clearfield county, where Isaac Hiller had been in business for fourteen years previously. Isaac Hiller was born September 4, 1832, at Krebstein, Wurtemberg, Germany, and when eighteen years of age accompanied his two brothers to America. He learned the harness- making trade at Pittsburg and lived there for nine years, and then moved to Glen Hope, in Clearfield county, and eighteen months later to Luthersburg. His death occurred at Houtz- dale, February 9, 1904, and his burial was in the Brisbin cemetery. Isaac Hiller has one 372 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY brother living, Martin Hiller, residing at Ma- rion, O. On November 4, 1S59, Isaac Hiller was married to Miss Charlotte Clara Burket, who was born in 1840, in Doerzbach, Germany, and was seventeen years old when she came to America and lived at Marion, O., and at Pitts- burg and also at Tyrone, Pa., where her brother resided. One of her brothers, Chris- tian, now lives at Altoona. Mr. and Mrs. Piiller were members of the Lutheran church. They had the following children born to them: Mary A., who was born August 21, i860, died at the age of twenty-nine years: Charles Frederick, who was born January 9, 1862, at Tyrone, died young; Henry Wil- liam, who was born July 14, 1864, died in in- fancy. Christian Louis, who was born July 26, 1866, died in infancy; William Henry, who was born June 20, 1868, died at the age of fourteen years; Frederick John, who was born February 13, 1872, at Luthersburg, is agent for the Philipsburg and Susquehanna Railroad at Houtzdale, and is also a member of the firm of Isaac Hiller's Sons, married Margaret Conrad, anil they have two chil- dren — David and Margaret Elizabeth ; Ed- ward Herman, who was born October 7, 1875, at Luthersburg, is employed in the First Na- tional Bank at Houtzdale ; George Albert, who was born March 29, 1879, resides at Ramey, Pa. ; and Philip Ernest, who was born August 4, 1881, is manager of the business of Isaac Hiller's Sons. He is also a member of the Houtzdale Fire Company. The Hillers are all Republicans in politics, and Edward FI. has served several terms as borough auditor. They are all representative business men and thor- oughly respected citizens. They are members and liberal supporters of the Lutheran church. ASHER GURNEY GORMAN GLENN. an enterprising citizen of Burnside township, where he is engaged in agriculture, was born on the old Gorman homestead in this town- ship, June 13, 1872. His father, Daniel Gor- man, who was born at Elderton, Armstrong county. Pa., settled at an early date at New Washington, Clearfield county. Later he bought land and established the Gomian homestead near Mt. Joy church. He was en- gaged during his life in lumbering, farming and rafting. His father, the grandfather of our subject, was a tax collector in Indiana county, who, while traveling his rounds during a severe winter storm, lost his way and was subsequently found frozen to death. Daniel Gorman died in October, 1885, when he was 60 years old. He was three times married; his first wife being Nancy Maria Neff, a daughter of J. B. and Catherine (Barnhart) Neff, and a granddaughter of John Nefif, a former resident of Howardville, Center county. Pa. She was a sister of Gideon D. Neff, a prominent farmer of Burnside town- ship. Of this union were born three children : William Gorman, who resides in Kansas; James L. ; and Maria, who is the wife of Wil- liam Zimmerman. After the death of the mother of these children, Daniel Gorman mar- ried Nancy King, a daughter of John and Nancy (McCreary) King. Of this marriage there were six children, of whom four are now living — ^John K., Horace S., Rachel and Asher Gumey. Daniel Gorman was a third time married, his third wife being Elizabeth McGars'ey, who is still living. She was the mother of three children — A. M., residing at Lajose, Pa. ; David and Daniel Gorman of Connecticut. Asher G. Gorman was about twentv months AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 373 old when he was deprived of his mother by death and he w'as then adopted by Daniel and Sarah (King) Glenn of Indiana county, Mrs. Glenn being an aunt of his by marriage, or in other words a sister of his father's second wife, Nancy King Gorman. On his adoption by them he took the name of Glenn, which he has since retained. In his youth he attended school for the usual period, and is also a grad- uate of Clark's Commercial College of Erie, Pa. He was early initiated into habits of in- dustry, following both agriculture and lum- bering. In 1887 he took up in addition the agricultural implement business, becoming a salesman. In 1907 he bought the old Gorman home, the residence being one of the largest and most mansion-like in Burnside township and possessing one of the largest fruit orch- ards. He is also engaged in the breeding of thoroughbred live stock, having shipped to thirteen different States. He is a member of the Grange and has served on the township school board. Politically he has been a Pro- hibitionist for 'many years. Mr. Glenn was married in 1894 to Lulu Ste- phens, a daughter of David and Bella (Dick- son) Stephens, and of this union have been born six children, namely: Sarah M., now aged thirteen years ; Daniel aged eleven ; An- nabelle, eight; Alice, six; David, three; and Ethel, one year. GEORGE B. SHUGART, who owns two valuable farms in Boggs township, Clearfield county. Pa., residing on one which contains seventy-six acres, adjoining the second one, of 107 acres, is one of the leading men of this section, a justice of the peace, township super- visor and treasurer of the school board. Mr. Shugart was born in Knox township, Clear- field county, in October, 1862, and is a son of Henry B. and Elizabeth (Sloppy) Shugart. Henry B. Shugart was born in Schuylkill county, Pa., a son of Henry Shugart. He followed farming all his life and was a suc- cessful business man. In his political views he was a Democrat. He married Elizabeth Sloppy, who was born in Franklin county, a daughter of Christian Sloppy. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church and reared their children in the same religious faith. These were; John; Daniel W. and Martin, twins; George B. ; G. L. ; Mary C, wife of Finley Reiter ; J. Frank; Jennie, wife of Frank Watkins; David Milton; and Mar- tha Annetta, wife of Hiram Straw. George B. Shugart attended the common schools only but in all the practical things of life is a well informed and broad-minded man. Prior to purchasing the farm on which he lives, from William D. Bigler, and the second farm from E. C. Cnmirine, he was engaged in lumbering and mining. He now carries on a general agricultural line and raises stock for his own use. He has been a very active and progressive citizen of his section and his many qualifications that fit him well for office, have been generally recognized. In addition to the offices already mentioned, Mr. Shugart is fire warden of his district, appointed by Warden Robert S. Conklin, and he has served accepta- bly as township clerk and auditor. Mr. Shugart was married June 12, 1881, to Miss Ida Wisor, a daughter of Henry and Mary Ann (Odell) Wisor. The father was a native of Clearfield county and the mother of Franklin county. They had the following children: Ella, who is the wife of David Flegal ; Ida, who is the wife of Mr. Shugart ; Catherine Agnes, who is the wife of Frank 374 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Eberts; Cordelia, who is the wife of P. H. Flegel; and Fred B. Mr. and Airs. Shugart have nine children, namely: FVank L., Alma A., Foster H., Jacob D., Theresa D., G. F>ed, Blake B., Emma E. and Ellen. Alma I. is the wife of Thomas Wilsoncroft, and Theresa D. is the wife of A. H. Good. Mr. Shugart and family attend the United Brethren church. He is identified fraternally with the K. G. E. and the I. O. U. A. M., both at Clearfield. N. F. K. .\KE, M. D., physician and sur- geon, at Curwensville, Pa., where he has been established in practice since the summer of 1897, is a member of an old Pennsylvania family of high standing. He was born August II, 1873, '^t Reynoldsville, Jefferson county, Pa., and is the only child of his parents, Sam- uel V. and Frances P. (Kelly) Ake. His fatlier was a general merchant at Houtzdale, Pa., for a number of years. His great-grand- father once owned the land for many miles surrounding the present town of Williams- burg, Blair county, wiiich was then called Akestown, in his honor. N. F. K. Ake was afforded excellent edu- cational advantages and is a graduate of Houtzdale High School and later from the Medico-Giirurgical College at Philadelphia in 1897. On August 3, 1897, he established him- self in medical practice at Curwensville, where he has met with more than usual success. He is a member of a number of the leading med- ical societies and has served as medical exam- iner for numerous insurance organizations. Politically he is a Democrat. Dr. Ake was married October 21, 1896, to Miss Bertha Biddle Carter, a daughter of William V. and Hannah E. (Biddle) Carter, of Philadelphia, and they have three children. Kenneth Whittier, Frances Lenore and Han- nah Dorothy. Dr. Ake is a member of the Masonic fraternity. HON. FRANK G. HARRIS, fomierly a member of the Pennsylvania House of Repre- sentatives, state treasurer during a period of national financial stringency, and a representa- tive citizen in business and social life in Clear- field county as well as prominent in public affairs, was born in Karthaus township, Clear- field county, Pa., November 6, 1845. His par- ents were John and Eleanor (Graham) Har- ris, and his maternal great-grandfather was Judge James Boggs, once a prominent jurist in Center county. When four years old, Frank G. Harris was left motherless and was taken to the home of his uncle and aunt, Clark and Hetty ( Gra- ham) Patchin, and he remained witJi them until he was old enough to begin to provide for himself. He was about twelve years of age when he started to work in the lumber regions and he continued lumbering, and rafting on the river, until he was twenty-five years of age. This is sturdy man's work and Mr. Har- ris enjoyed its physical difficulties, but he pos- sessed an ambition also that prompted him to prepare for a career in which his intellect would be called into play. Thus, while follow- ing lumljering during the regular season, he employed himself during the other months of the year in study and made excellent progress, so that in 1873 he was graduated from Dick- inson Seminary, at Williamsport, Pa., and in 1876, from Lafayette College, at Easton, Pa. Mr. Harris followed teaching for the next five years, residing during this time at Clear- field, and put in all his spare time studying law, and in 1879 he was admitted to the bar Kdl.l, I!. riKlMI'SOX AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 377 of Clearfield county. With the broadening and training of his mind came an interest in public affairs and his identification with the Republican party and for many years he has been an important factor in politics in his state. From 1881 to 1883 he served as chair- man of the Republican County Committee and served seven years as a member of the Clear- field borough council. In 1896 he was first elected a member of the House of Representa- tives and was re-elected in 1898 and again in 1 90 1. In the latter year he was elected state treasurer and served two years in that posi- tion. In all these and in other public capaci- ties he served with circumspection, honesty and marked ability. Since partially retiring from public life, Mr. Harris has given attention to his law practice, has traveled extensively and has also been interested in real estate and bank- ing. Mr. Harris was married April 15, 1879, at Lock Haven, Pa., to Miss Elizabeth F. Baird, of one of the old families of Clinton County, and three children were born to them, all of whom died in infancy. Mrs. Harris died in Philadelphia, May i, 1904. Mr. Harris later married Miss Glenora Gearhart, of Clearfield, Pa. They are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church at Clearfield, of which he is an of^cial. He is a director in the Clearfield Trust Company and of the Clearfield Hospital. In his fraternal relations he is an Odd Fellow and a Mason of high degree, being identified with the advanced branches of the order and is a Shriner. ROLE B. THOMPSON, who holds the olifice of prothonotary of Clearfield county. Pa., in which he is now serving his second term, was born in Curwensville, this county, June 30, 1872. His parents are Alexander I. T. and Catherine (Lytle) Thompson, the former of whom was born in Clearfield county in 1834. He was formerly interested in the lumber business but is now living retired at the age of seventy-seven years. Roll B. Thompson was educated in the pub- lic schools of Cvu"wens\'ille and at the Maine Central Institute of Pittsfield, Me., being graduated from the latter institution in 1891. From early manhood Mr. Thompson has been an active Republican, and prior to his first term as prothonotary had excellent training in a county office, serving as first deputy under his brother, Grant H. Thompson. On No- veniber 8, 1904, he was elected to his present office, being re-elected in November, 1907. The business of this office is carried on care- fully and systematically, and those having business with the courteous officials have gen- erous praise for the present incumbent. Mr. Thompson is a thirty-second degree Mason of the Williamsport Consistory, belonging to Clearfield Lodge and Chapter and to the Knights Templar Commandery at Philips- burg. On June 9, 19 10, Mr. Thompson was mar- ried to Miss Alma E. Dickinson, a daughter of Dr. and Mrs. Bayard T. Dickinson, of Steelton, Pa. His residence is at 725 South Second street, Clearfield. DAVID P. LOUGHHEAD, one of the sub- stantial citizens of Bigler Township, Clearfield County, Pa., who is the owner of a fine resi- dence at Beulah, Pa., and owner and proprie- tor of a bakery at this place, has other valu- able property including coal lands in different 378 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY parts of the county. He was born April 17, 1856, in Bradford County, Pa., and is a son of Jefferson and Estlier (Palmer) Loughhead. Jefferson Loughhead was of Scotch ancestry but was born in New York. In his earlier years he was a shoemaker but later studied med- icine and became a practitioner of the Homeo- pathic system. He married Esther Palmer, who was a native of Bradford County, Pa., and they had the following children: David P., Charles, John, Clara J., and Frederick J. David P. Loughhead liad only common school advantages in his youth and is, more or less, a self educated and self made man. He was variously engaged for a number of years and came to Bigler Township in 1879. In 1900 he was appointed constable and subse- quently was elected to the office in which he served until 1907. He was elected assessor of Bigler Township, on the Republican ticket, in 1909 and is serving in this office and also is deputy game warden of the State. In August, 1910, Mr. Loughhead in association with his son, started the Beulah Baking Company, at Beulah, Pa., and the enterprise has been very successful. The younger partner, David P. Loughhead, Jr., is a practical baker, having learned tiie trade at Cressmi, Pa. They have one a.ssistant and run a daily wagon to the sur- rounding towns, the output being 300 loaves of bread a day together with other bakery goods. In 1887, Mr. Loughhead was married to Miss Mary J. Miller, a daughter of Solomon and Elizabeth (Shepley) Miller, who had other children, namely: Jacob, Caroline, Cyrus, George, Peter, Henry and Emma. Mr. and Mrs. Loughhead have l)ut the one son. David P.. Jr., who is a very enterprising young busi- ness man. Mr. Loughhead and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. He is iden- tified with Lodge No. 669, Odd Fellows, at Glen Hope, Pa. WILLIAM F. TOZER, proprietor of the City Hotel at Blain City, Clearfield County, Pa., one of the leading and well patronized hos- telries of Beccaria Township, formerly was in- terested to a considerable extent in farming and lumbering He was born August 28, 1858, at Xewburg, Pa., and is a son of Gilbert S. and Margaret (Weaver) Tozer. Gilbert S. Tozer was born in New York State and came from there to Clearfield Coun- ty in the thirties, and became a well known lumberman and raftsman. He met with an accidental death while driving a raft down the Susquehannah River, at Wood Rock, in 1878, when he was aged sixty-eight years. He mar- ried in Clearfield County and bougiu land in Chest Township and built the first house in what was then called Tozertown, now New- burg. He married Margaret Weaver, who was born ill Indiana County, Pa., one of seven sis- ters. Her father was Captain ^Veaver, who moved subsequently to Clearfield County. In her girlhood, Mrs. Tozer assisted her father in his agricultural operations, as there were no sons, and occasionally she would help to cut the grain, using the old fashioned scythe. Mrs. Tozer still survives and is now in her eigiitieth year, although her appearance would indicate that not more tlian fifty years had passed over her head. She is an active member of the Presbyterian church. To Gilbert S. Tozer and wife the following children were born: Wil- liam F. ; Isabella, deceased, who was tiie wife of Alonzo Hurd; Mary, who, is the wife of Jeffer- son Trosttle, of New Washington. Pa. ; Sarah, who is the wife of Daniel Curry, of Mahaffey, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 379 Pa.: Jacob S., who carries on farming on the old homestead in Ferguson Township (mar- ried Prudence Jackson, a daughter of Andrew Jackson) ; Ashley, who was accidentally killed by a street car, July 4, 1906 (was an employe of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and had married a daughter of M. Reed, of Ferguson Township) ; and Hugh, who resides at Ty- rone (has been car inspector of piece work in the yards of the Pennsylvania Railroad Compa- ny, at Bellwood, for years, married Blanche Hadden). William F. Tozer was the fourth born in the above family. In 1871 he accompanied his parents to Ferguson Township, Clearfield County and afterward attended the public schools there for a short time. For a number of years he was connected in some way with the lumber industr>% being identified at differ- ent times with the Clearfield Lumber Company, the Belsena Lumber Company (six years with the former and three with the latter), then four years with the Irvona Lumber Company, and for two more years was in the lumber business at Bellwood. Then he came to Coalport to ed- ucate his children. Prior to coming to Blain City he purchased the James Rea farm in Fer- guson Township. Mr. Tozer has been in the hotel business at Blain City for some years and holds his fifth license. In politics he is a Dem- ocrat and has served in tlie offices of super- visor and constable. He has been a very ac- tive citizen in a public spirited way since mak- ing Blain City his home and has been partic- ularly interested and useful in advancing the ed- ucational interests of the place. He took an active part in the erection of the new school building here, contributing time, money and lumber, his activity not ending here, as through his efforts a high standard has been established and a course of four years of thorough train- ing accorded students. Mr. Tozer was married in 1883 to Miss Mag- gie B. Johnston, a daughter of James W. and Mary Jane Johnston, of Jordan township, Clearfield County, and they have had seven children, namely: Roy V., Ory, Alice, Wil- son, Sadie, Ira L., and Bessie, the last named being now deceased. Four of the above fam- ily hold teacher's certificates and all are unus- ally intellectual. The eldest son, Roy V., was principal of the Irvona schools for two years, taught two years at La Jose and four terms in his native township. He is a student of law at Valparaiso, Ind., and will be admitted to the bar in June, 191 1. Alice has been a teacher in the public schools of Beccaria Township for four years and has four rooms of the Rosebud public school. The two younger children are yet in school. Mr. Tozer and his older sons are identified with several fraternal organiza- tions, he being a member of Lodge No. 540, Elks, at Clearfield ; the eldest son being a mem- ber of the Red Men at Mahaffey, the second son of the Eagles at Bellwood, and the third son, of the Moose at Coalport. The family belongs to the Presbyterian church and several of them teach classes in the Sunday-school. Mr. Tozer placed a beautiful memorial window in this church in memory of his daughter who died in early womanhood. MITCHELL NEWCOMB, who is one of Girard Township's best known and substantial and trustworthy men, lives on the farm of 35 acres in Girard Township, Clearfield County, Pa., on which he was born in 1859, and owns also 235 acres of valuable farm and coal land here. He is a son of John and Rebecca (Jury) Newcomb. 380 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY John Newcomb was born in Ireland. He came to Clearfield County on July 4, 1847 and being pleased with the country made up his mind to settle permanently in Girard Town- ship, where he was married in 1851, to Re- becca Jury, who still survives, being now in her seventy-eighth year. She is a daughter of Abraham Jury, who was one of the early settlers who died a Catholic in this section. John Newcomb was a fanner and died on the farm on which he had lived for half a century, December 14, 1903, aged 89 years, 11 months, 1 1 days. Mitchell Newcomb obtained his education in the country schools and at Odessa. He has always devoted himself to farming and stock- raising and has carried on these industries very successfully. His land is very valuable, as a large part is underlaid with coal, which he has never sold. Mr. Newcomb has never married. With his venerable mother he belongs to St. Mary's Catholic Church at Frenchville. GEORGE M. FULFORD, a representative member of the Clearfield bar, who is also inter- ested in both fire and life insurance here, was born at Clearfield, Pa., January 2, 1870, and is a son of John H. and Nannie E. (Smith) Ful- ford. The late John H. Fulford was born in Bed- ford County, Pa., February 11, 1838. He studied law at Bedford and later at Clearfield and after being admitted to the bar, formed a law partnership with his former preceptor, Jo- seph B. Menally, which continued until the latter was elevated to the county bench. Mr. Fulford continued in the practice of law during the remainder of his life, his death occurring on June 27. 1877. At one time he was prin- cipal of the school which held its sessions in an old town hall, which stood on the site of George M. Ful ford's residence. In politics, John H. Fulford was a Republican and during many campaigns worked effectively for his party, be- ing in great demand as an orator. He mar- ried Nannie E. Smith, who was born at Bing- hampton, N. Y., and is a daughter of Henry Bordman Smith, who came with his family to Clearfield County in her girlhood. Henry B. Smith was a man of fine business perceptions and for a number of years was largely inter- ested in lumbering, acquiring vast tracts of valuable timber land. Mrs. Fulford is a member of the Daughters of the American Revolution and is regent of the local body. She claims her membership through her great-grandfather, Ichabod Buck, who was a captain in the Revo- lutionary W'ar, in the Massachusetts line and who lived to the unusual age of 93 years. George M. Fulford was the second born in his parents' family of three children, an elder brother, Henry Bordman, being a resident also of Clearfield, and a younger, John H.. of Du- Bois, Pa. After completing die common and high school course at Clearfield, he made prep- arations to enter college but subsequently de- cided to immediately become a law student in the office of Menally & McCurdy, at Clearfield, although then but nineteen years of age. For a short time prior to this he had served with the engineering force employed in the con- struction of tlie Beach Creek Railroad. Mr. Fulford was admitted to the bar in May, 1891, and after an initial practice of nine months, became a member of the law firm of Orvis & Snyder, continuing this connection until the death of Judge On-is, since when he has prac- ticed alone. In June, 1904, Mr. Fulford, in partnership with his older brother, bought out the insurance business of Ward & Sniitli. Evi- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 381 dences of vigor in the new firm were soon shown and the business has continued to ex- pand until this firm carries fire, life, accident, plate glass, and other risks, having the agency of many old and standard companies. The offices of the finn are located on the third floor of the Trust Building, where Mr. Fulford also maintains his law office. In politics Mr. Fulford is a Republican but has never tested the sincerity of his friends by permitting the use of his name for office. He was reared in the Presbyterian church and is active in Sunday-school work, being the beloved teacher of a bright class of youths. With his son, John H. Fulford, he resides at No. 211 Pine Street, Clearfield. JAMES GATEHOUSE, coal-operator, and for the past six years supervisor of Bigler Township, Clearfield County, Pa., was born in South Wales, March 9, 1843, and is a son of John and Mary (Morgan) Gatehouse, both of whom died in Wales. The father was man- ager of a large farm in Wales belonging to a land company. Both he and wife were mem- bers of the Baptist church. They had six chil- dren but four died in infancy, James and Thomas being the only survivors. The grand- parents, James Gatehouse and John Morgan were both natives of Wales. James Gatehouse remained in his own land until he reached manhood. In 1865 he came to the United States and located at Beaver Mead- ows, in Carbon County, Pa., but in the next year moved to Center County and from there went to Maryland, and in 1883 came to Clear- field County, where he has lived ever since. For twenty-five years he has been engaged in mining and shipping coal. For six years he was superintendent for a coal mining company at Chesterfield, Pa., in 1908 opening his pres- ent mine, under the name of Port No. i, on the New York Central Railroad, and shipped his first coal in 19 10. He gives employment to some 65 men and his output is 200 tons daily. On July 31, 1862, Mr. Gatehouse was mar- ried to Miss Diana Williams, a daughter of Thomas and Anna (Davis) Williams, who also came from Wales. Of their fa'mily there are but two surviving daughters : Mrs. Gatehouse and Mary, who is the widow of Thomas Park- er and lives in Australia. Mr. and Mrs. Gate- house have had the following children : Mary, who is the wife of John H. Steckman; Louisa, who is the wife of Samuel Markley; Thomas W. ; John, who is deceased ; Diana, who is the wife of Frank Havely; Edith, who is de- ceased; James C. ; Gomer; and Anna, who was the oldest of the family and died when a beau- tiful young woman in her eighteenth year. Not connected formally with any political party, Mr. Gatehouse casts his vote as his judg- ment dictates. He is a Knight Templar Ma- son, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Coalport, the Chapter at Clearfield, and the Commandery at Phillipsburg. He belongs also to the Knights of the Golden Eagles at Brisbin, being a charter member of the lodge there, and also to the B. of A., at Chesterfield. With his fam- ily he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Gatehouse stands high in the re- gard of his fellow citizens who recognize in him a man of honesty of purpose, good inten- tions and strict integrity. He has always been a hard worker and has made his own way in the world, through industry and perseverance gaining long since a sturdy and self respecting independence. 382 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY GEORGE W. WOOD, M. D., physician and surgeon at Houtzdale, Pa., and proprietor of a drug store in this borough, lias been a resident of the place since May i, 1 891, and during this period has been actively engaged in the prac- tice of his profession. Dr. Wood was born January 4, i860, at Wellsville, N. Y., and is a son of Coe Harvey and Adelia (Parrotl) Wood. Coe Harvey Wood was boni just outside the city of New York, and his wife's people came from the vicinity of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. Af- ter marriage they moved from New York to Pennsylvania and settled near Shawsville, in Clearfield County, where he purchased a farm and also engaged in lumbering. From there they moved to West Clearfield, in 1904, where Mr. Wood died June 28, 1905. and his burial was in the Clearfield Cemetery. He was a son of George W. Wood and the family is of Scotch-English descent. The mother of Dr. Wood survived until Februar)' 2-j, 1910, her death occurring at Houtzdale. The family consisted of four children, the only survivor being Dr. Wood, of this record, who was the third in order of birth. The eldest, Charles, was a physician and died at Coalport, Pa. Alice, who was the wife of T. H. Litz, died at the old homestead near Shawsville. May, the youngest of the family, was the wife of Dr. W. H. Dale, of Houtzdale, Pa. George W. Wood attended school at Shaws- ville and entered upon his medical studies at die College of Physicians and Surgeons of Baltimore, Md., and later attended the Medico- Chirurgical College of Philadelphia. In the spring of 1890 he Ijegan practice at Glen Hope, Clearfield County, and in the following spring came to Houtzdale. In addition to attending to a large practice Dr. Wood established his drug store on February 4, 1895, to which he gives careful attention and affords residents of the borough the opportunity to purchase drugs and preparations which are compounded not only by skilled chemists but under the su- pervision of an exjierienced physician. In June, 1890, Dr. Wood was married to Miss Cora E. Barker, who was bom at Chest Springs, Pa., and was a baby when the family moved to Grinnell, la., and accompanied them in their return in 1889. She is a daughter of Gilbert A. and Elizabeth (Allen) Barker, the former of whom died in 1903. Mrs. Barker resides at Coalport, Pa. Dr. Wood is a Re- publican in politics. In every sense he is a good citizen, and lending support to every en- terprise calculated to advance the public welfare he has won fhe respect, confidence and esteem of the people with whom he has chosen to make his home. ELMER BRUCE McCARDELL. who is agent at Westover for the New York Central and Pennsylvania Railroads and for the Adams Express Company and American Express Com- pany, was bom at New Washington, Clearfield county, Pa., March 7, 1878. He is a son of David Alexander and a grandson of John Mc- Cardell, the latter of whom came to this county from Indiana county, locating at Burnside, where he died at the age of 84 years. He mar- ried Jane Pilson, a daughter of William Pilson. David A. McCardell, father of our subject, was bom at Indiana, Pa., December 26, 1841, and was brought up in the farming and lumber- ing industries. He served three years in the Civil war, in the 105th Pa. Volunteers and took part in the battle of Gettysburg and other severe battles, being mustered out in August, 1864. After returning home he resided for a AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 383 while on the parental homestead in Burnside township, but subsequently bought a farm near the Mt. Joy church, not far from New Wash- ington, which he conducted until 1882. He was then engaged in the lumber business at Burnside for several years and afterwards was engaged in the livery business for five years, selling out in 1891. He then carried on a liv- ery business in Westover for several years but sold it in 1895 and was engaged thereafter in the grocery and restaurant business until 1904, when he was appointed postmaster of West- over, an office he now holds. He is also pro- prietor of a general store in Westover. He has served as Burgess of the borough and as a member of the school board. He is a charter member of the Odd Fellows lodge at Burnside and a member of the Grand Army Post at Cherry Tree. He has been twice married, first to Elizabeth Mitchell, who died in 1870 at the age of 28 years, of which union there were three children, all now deceased. His second marriage was with Mary P. Neff, in 1873, she being a daughter of Joseph L. and Eliza M. (Gallaher) Neff, and born Oct. 27, 1850. The children of this marriage are : Emma, wife of V. K. Rowland, of Westover; Sarah B., wife of George F. Westover; Elmer B., subject of this sketch; James B., who married Lena Hurd and resides at Cresson, and Willard D.. a res- ident of Cherry Tree, Pa. After attending school until the age of 18, the subject of this sketch entered the State Nor- mal school at Lock Haven, Pa., where he re- mained for one term, teaching the following term in Burnside township. He then took up the study of telegraphy and in 1899 entered the employ as telegrapher of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co., remaining thus engaged two years. He then became joint agent for the New York Central and Pennsylvania Rail- roads and has thus continued up to the present time, in addition acting as agent for the .Amer- ican and Adams Express companies. He is a member and one of the trustees of the Bap- list church, also acting as secretary of the board of trustees. A Republican politically, he has served on the borough council, and before com- ing of age acted as the clerk of the council. At the age of 23 he was elected burgess of West- over, being at that time the youngest burgess in the county. For the past seven years he has served as secretary of the borough school board. It will readily be seen that Mr. McCar- dell is a man of good business capacity, en- joying the full confidence of his fellow citizens. Mr. McCardell was married, January 17, 1900, to Miss Matilda C. Moore, who was born in Westover, February 25, 1876, a daughter of Charles T. and Emma (McHenry) Moore. Her father, who was a shoemaker by trade, is now deceased ; her mother is still living and resides in Westover. The latter is the daugh- ter of Levi and Matilda (Shields) McHenry. Mr. and Mrs. McCardell are the parents of three children: Emma Belle, aged ten years; Guy Moore, aged six ; and Wilbur Ralph, aged two. DORSEY J. GINGERY, county commis- sioner of Clearfield County, Pa., is one of the county's best known and representative citizens and has been identified with public affairs for many years. He was born in Center county, Pa., August 6, 1857, and is one of a family of six children born to his parents, who were Samuel and Maria (Dorsey) Gingery, the for- mer of whom died in 1902, the latter having passed from earth in 1897. Dorsey J. Gingery obtained his education in 384 1 1 STORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY tlie country schools and until lie was nineteen years of age remained on his father's large farm. In 1S76 he came to Clearfield County and has continued to reside here. When he reached manhood he identified himself with the Democratic party and is one of its influential factors in the county. His first business ex- perience was as a clerk in a business house, where he made many friends, and in 1892 he was elected county prothonotary and served six years in that office. Shortly afterward he be- came connected with the clerical force in the sheriff's office, and in November, 1908, he was elected a member of the board of county com- missioners. Mr. Gingery married Miss Ada Albert, a daughter of George and Sophia Albert. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and are interested in its benevolent enterprises. He belongs fraternally to L. L. O. M., the or- der of the Moose, and to the Elks, being the oldest member of the last named organization in the county. MICHAEL REIDY, one of the best known and most resi)ccted retired fanners of Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., who has just disposed of a farm of 109 acres but still retains some sixty acres lying just outside of Wallaceton, Pa., was born in Blair County, Pa., March 6, 1842, and is a son of Michael and Margaret (Clossin) Reidy. The father was an educated man and taught school in Blair County. Both he and his wife are now de- ceased, Michael being their only child. Michael Reidy had but limited school advan- tages. He entered a mill when he was quite young and learned the milling business and con- tinued in it for fifteen years, in Center, Blair and Clearfield Counties. He then turned his attention more particularly to lumbering and continued nine years in that line. He bought his farm of 109 acres from John W'earning and operated it for many years but quite recently he has sold it to his son, Harry Reidy, who is a very capable and reliable resident of Morris Township. During the Civil W'ar, Mr. Reidy enlisted for service in 1861. entering Co. H. 7th Pa. Vol. Inf., and was out for eight months, being fortunate enough to escape all serious injury. He is a member of John W. Geary Post, Xo. 90, G. A; R., at Phillipsburg. In 1865 Mr. Reidy was married to Miss Ella Odell, a daughter of John and Sarah (Ginter) Odell, residents of Clearfield County. Mrs. Reidy has the following sisters: Agnes, who is the wife of Banister Benn; Jennie, who is the wife of Hiram Ellis; Cordia, who is the wife of Robert Abanathy; and Emma, who is the wife of John Stone. Mr. and Mrs. Reidy have three children: Harry, who resides on the home farm as mentioned above; Paul, who lives in California; and Edith, who is the wife of James McGee. Mrs. Reidy is a member of the Adventist church. He is a Democrat but has never accepted any township office ex- cept that of school director. HARVEY T. SMITH, who, for fifteen years has served as high constable of the bor- ough of Curwensville, Pa., and fills other im- portant public offices, was bom April 28, 1843, in Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., and is a son of John J. and Nancy J. Smith, both now deceased. Harvey T. Smith obtained his education in the old log school house known as the "Oak- land." He afterward helped his father on the home farm until the outbreak of the Civil War, when he enlisted for military service, becoming .1(11 I.N STOM-: ^ AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 385 a member of Co. B., 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., the famous "Bucktail" regiment. Mr. Smith re- mained in the Union army until the Rebellion was suppressed and then returned to his home to re-engage in peaceful pursuits. He has es- caped all the many hazards that attend a sol- dier's life and came back practically unharmed. Finding profitable employment as a lumber man he went into that business and continued until he settled on his present place in Curwensville. He has a comfortable and commodious resi- dence on McNaul Street, which he has occu- pied for twenty-two years. On December 5, 1872, Mr. Smith was mar- ried to Miss Annie E. Gensler, who was born at Sharpsburg, Allegheny County, Pa., June 13, 1855, a daughter of George and Nancy J. (Schriver) Gensler. George Gensler was born at Newport, Perry County, Pa., and his wife at Sharpsburg. Both are now deceased, the father of Mrs. Smith passing away at the age of si.xty-five years and the mother when aged seventy-two years, his burial being at Curwens- ville and hers in Tioga County. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal and Lu- theran Church respectively. Mrs. Smith is one of a family of nine children, six of whom are living. To Mr. and Mrs. Smith seven children were born, namely: Percy E., who married Edith Daugherty, is in the ice and coal busi- ness and is constable of the Second Ward, and they have three children — Harold, Lee and Merl W. : Clarence B.. (who ser\'ed in the Spanish American war, in Battery B, 4th Ar- tillery) resides at Du Bois, married Mary Jor- dan, a daughter of Reuben Jordan, of Rock- ton, Pa., and they have four children — Otto, Ralph, Nellie and Annie; Oliver F., whose residence adjoins his father's at Curwensville, married Tensie Johnson, and they have had five children — Raymond, Chester, Katie B., Frederick B. and Dewey, deceased; Katherine, who died at the age of tliirteen years, and is interred in Oak Hill Cemetery; Eugene F., who served in the Spanish-American War, in Co. L, 5th Pa. Vol. Inf., was accidentally killed af- terward, when at work, his young life being taken when he was but twenty-one years of age ; Alice I., who is the wife of Fred McKenzie, lives across the street from her father, and they have two sons — Eugene and Harvey L. ; and Harvey, Jr., who is a student at Curwensville. Mr. and Mrs. Smith are members of the Pres- byterian church. He has been identified with the Republican party ever since he became a voter and has been a very active and useful citizen. He is a member of the Board of Health at Curwensville and is serving as a jury commissioner. For many years he has been an Odd Fellow and has been through the chairs of the local lodge and belongs to the Encamp- ment at Clearfield, and is a member also of the Red Men. He served as street commissioner sixteen years and at present is not employed. JOHN STONE, merchant, farmer and stockraiser, in Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., is also a prominent factor in pub- lic affairs in this section and stands as one of the representative men. In addition to his store property he owns 325 acres of valuable land. He was born in Boggs Township, Au- gust 21, 1845, and is a son of Alexander and Mary (Kephart) Stone. Alexander Stone was bom in England but spent the larger part of his life in the United States. He owned and operated farm land in Boggs Township for many years and was pro- prietor of a hotel at Stoneville, Pa. He mar- ried Mary Kephart, who was born in Clear- 386 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY field County, Pa., a daughter of Andrew Kep- hart, of German descent. Mr. and Mrs. Stone were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They had the following children born to them : Elizabeth, who is deceased, was the wife of Daniel Dugan; Jane, who is the wife of John Blair; Mary Ann, who is now deceased, was the wife of Patrick Gallagher; Charlotte, who is deceased ; and John, who was the youngest born of the family. John Stone, the youngest born and the only son of his parents, was given excellent educa- tional advantages, attending the public schools and Clearfield Academy. In his youth and in this neighborhood, the majority of the young men earned their first money through work in the woods and Mr. Stone has been interested to some degree in lumbering all his life since, in addition to fanning. He inherited lOO acres of the homestead and later purchased 125 acres from Daniel Ross, and subsequently 100 acres more, from Latimer Barger. He en- gages in general fanning and deals quite ex- tensively in stock. His general store is located in the village of Stoneville. He has been an ac- tive and useful citizen in his section since early manhood. He was reared in the Democratic party and has continued his identification with the same. For fifteen years Mr. Stone has served as school director and has been township assessor two terms and township auditor for the same length of time. Mr. Stone was married first to Miss Jo- sephine Lumadue, a daughter of William and Mary Lumadue, natives of Clearfield County. To this marriage four children were born : Al- exander. William, Franklin and Harry. He was married second to Miss Emma Odell, a daughter of John and Mary Ann Odell, early settlers in this section and residents of Wal- laceton. Three children have been born to this marriage : Sybil, who is the wife of Geo. Pearson ; Ara, who is the wife of George Sto- ver; and John O. Mr. Stone and family at- tend the Methodist Episcopal church. He be- longs to the Grange. MRS. LAURA N. SANKEY, who resides in great comfort on her valuable farm of 180 acres, situated in Goshen township, Clearfield county. Pa., came to this place with her late husband some fifty years ago. Mrs. Sankey was born in Lawrence township, Clearfield county. Pa., two miles east of Clearfield, and is a daughter of Henry anci Mar\' (Ogden) Irwin, and the widow of John Sankey. Henr)' Irwin was of Irish parentage but his birth took place in Lawrence township. Clear- field county, where his life was spent, his death occurring in 1890. For many years he was a representative man in his neighborhood and he and wife were well known and highly re- garded people and were leading members of the Presbyterian church. They were parents of three sons and eight daughters and one son and three daughters still survive. Laura N. Irwin grew to womanhood on her father's farm and was instructed in all housewifely arts by a careful and capable mother. She obtained her education in the Wolf Run school in Lawrence township. In December, 1854, she was married to John Sankey, who was born in Center county. Pa., and died in 1893, in Goshen township, Clear- field county. His father was William San- key, an old resident of Center county and John Sankey worked on the home farm and then learned the blacksmith's trade. After mar- riage, Mr. and Mrs. Sankey resided at Shaw- ville for six years, where he worked at the xr. > Z y. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 389 blacksmith's trade, and then bought the pres- ent farm, of Abraham Leonard. Mr. Sankey almost completed the clearing of this land and engaged in farming to some degree, but gave the larger part of his time to blacksmith work, erecting his own shop on his farm. He was a quiet, reliable, home-loving man and was re- spected by his neighbors and by all who had business dealings with him. At the time of his death he was sixty-one years of age. He was a consistent member of the Goshen Meth- odist Episcopal church and his burial was in the cemetery attached to this church. In pol- itics he was a Republican and he took an in- telligent interest in the public affairs of his community and at times served efficiently in public office. He was a charter member of the Goshen Grange. To Mr. and Mrs. Sankey the following children were born : Mary L., who is the wife of William Lansberry, of Goshen township ; William Henry, who died in infancy; John Wesley and Ira B., both of whom also died in infancy; Elva Lucy, who is the wife of Charles Hall, of West Newton, Pa. ; Lillie Maude, who is the wife of Irwin Passmore, living in California; U. S. Grant, who lives in Goshen township, married Anna Morrison; Annie L., who is now deceased, was the wife of Harry Shirey; Myron L., who is the wife of John Lynch, of DuBois, Pa. ; Stella Belle, who resides at Colton, Calif. ; Burton G., who is a resident of Clearfield, married Estella Read ; and Samuel Irwin, in business at Clear- field, who married a Miss Hockenberry. Mrs. Sankey is a member of the local Bell Tele- phone Company, belongs to and takes part in the social life of the Goshen Grange and is a charter member of the Goshen Methodist Episcopal church. AARON MURRAY, who, for forty-seven years has been a continuous resident of Girard Township, Clearfield County, Pa., where he is part owner of 204 acres of valuable farm and coal land, was born on this farm and is a son of Anderson and Perninah (Kyler) Murray, the former of whom, a native of Clearfield County, cleared this farm by his own efforts. Aaron Murray attended the district schools in his boyhood when his father could spare him, but from youth has been more or less engaged actively in farming and stockraising, coming into possession of the farm at the death of his parents. They were among the best known and most highly respected old settlers of the town- ship. Mr. Murray takes an active interest in township matters, being especially interested at all times in good roads and good schools. In politics he is a Republican and on the ticket of that party he was elected township assessor, in February, 1909. He has served acceptably also on the election board and is considered one of the township's representative and trust- worthy men. In 1903 Mr. Murray was married to Miss Fannie B. Graham, of Girard Township, and they have four children : Genevieve May, An- nabel, Zella Marie, and Hannah Perninah. Mr. Murray and family belong to the Methodist Episcopal church. JOHN L. LIGHTNER, who for more than twenty-three years has served as justice of the peace at Coalport, Pa., has been prominently identified with the progress and development of this section of Clearfield County during a long period. Bom in Clearfield County, Pa., Au- gitst 26, 1850, Mr. Lightner is a son of John and Annie (Groom) Lightner, and a grandson of John Lightner, a native of Germany and a 390 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY soldier in the patriot army during the Revolu- tionary War. John Lightner, the father of John L. Light- ner, was born near Carlisle, in Cumberland County, Pa., in 1805, and when but thirteen years of age left home to make his own way in the world, securing his first contract in the construction of the old tidewater canal and as- sisting to build the Columbia bridge which was burned during the Civil War. For some time he kept the Quiet lock on the Pennsylvania Canal, but subsequently, in 1847, brought his family by team and wagon to a farm near Blain City, and paid $1,000 in gold for a farm of 150 acres, which he eventually cleared of the pine, hemlock and hardwood timber. Hero Mr. Lightner died May 28, 1890. He mar- ried Annie Groom, who was born in Bucks County, Pa., and they became the parents of fourteen children, of whom seven grew to ma- turity, as follows: William, engaged in the lumbering Ijusiness up to the time of his death in 1909, served during the Civil War as a mem- ber of the 105th Pa. Vols., and has the dis- tinction of being the only man in Irvona when that town was laid out ; Martha, born in Colum- bia, Lancaster County, married John W. Da- vis; Thomas G., a resident of Blain City, for- merly owned 700 acres of coal and timber land on the present site of the town of Coalport, re- moved to Tyrone in 1867 and there conducted the Clearfield Hotel until his return to Clear- field County about 1886, where he is now liv- ing retired; John L., between whom and his elder brothers five children are deceased : Adda married Thomas McQuillen of Tyrone ; .Alice is the wife of James McClure, of Wilkinsburg. Allegheny County: and George, a farmer of Chest Township, Clearfield County, married a daughter of Judge Hockenberry, formerly as- sociate judge of Clearfield County. John L. Lightner attended the local schools and took a four years' course at Tuscarora Academy, in Juniata County, a Presbyterian institution at what was then known as Acade- mia. He graduated in 1871, after a four-years course in civil engineering, and immediately en- gaged in teaching, a profession which he fol- lowed for twelve years in Clearfield County and one term in Cambria County. About 1883 he identified himself with the firm of Shaw & Dotts, and while with them laid out Blain City and sold the lots, after which, for a time, he was associated with Harry Krotzer. Mr. Lightner was instrumental in securing the brick jilant for Irvona, which will employ a large number of people, and in many ways has assisted in the building up of this part of Clear- field County. He has devoted some time to the insurance business, purchased the Thomp- son interests after Mr. Thompson's death, and since March, 1902, has been actively interested in the land business, as a superintendent of the firm of Whitmer Land Company and others, but he has not let his business activities keep him from what he considers his duties as a cit- izen and he has always been found doing his full share in this way. Mr. Lightner has ever been ready to give sound advice and settle dis- agreements, and his reputation as a peace- maker led his fellow citizens, in 1887, to elect him to the office of justice of the peace, in which capacity he has acted to the present time. In February. 1903, Mr. Lightner was mar- ried to Miss Zellah McCune, the daughter of Easton McCune. of Irvona. In National and state matters the Judge casts his vote with the Democratic party, but in local affairs lets his AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 391 judgment decide which is the candidate best fitted for the office. WILLIAM J. POWELL, superintendent of the plant of the W. H. Wynn & Co., manufac- turers of fire brick, in Boggs Township, Clear- field County, Pa., resides in his attractive res- idence at Blue Ball, where he is one of the 3'ounger business men. He was born at Wood- land, in Bradford Township, Clearfield Coun- ty, March 5, 1882, and is a son of George and Rebecca (Bumgamer) Powell. George Powell was born in Clearfield Coun- ty, a son of William Powell, and resides at Blue Ball. His life has been mainly devoted to lumbering. He married Rebecca Bumgarner, who died in 1906, a daughter of Joseph and Jane Bumgamer. To George Powell and wife the following children were born : Cora, who married John Conrad ; Lilly, who married John Palmer; William J.; Charles; Albert; Margaret, who married Herman Clea\er ; and Genevieve, Morris, Boyd and Guy. William J. Powell obtained his education in the public schools. He then became identified with brick manufacturing and has continued in this industry. In 1905 he was married to Miss Bertha Snyder, a daughter of Everhart and Margaret (Peters) Snyder. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder reside at Woodland and Mr. Snyder is a veteran of the Civil War. Mrs. Powell is the youngest of their children, the others being: Curtin, Charles, Lilly, Marion, Frank and Fred. Lilly married Thomas McCullough, and Marion married D. E. Young. Mr. and Mrs. Powell have one little daugh- ter, Ethel. They attend the United Brethren church. He is a member of the P. O. S. of A. He is an independent voter but takes no very active interest in politics, devoting himself closely to business and he has become a recog- nized authority in this section, on brick man- ufacturing. W. S. PIPER, M. D., one of the leading homeopathic physicians and highly esteemed citizens of Clearfield County, Pa., was born on his father's farm in Bedford County, Pa., Jan- uary 19, 1882, and is a son of S. F. and Laura (Trimbath) Piper, old and respected citizens of Bedford County. Dr. Piper is the only son of a family of five children and spent his boy- hood on the farm. At the age of 13 years he entered Shirleysburg Academy, where he took a three years' course, and after teaching one year in Bedford County he took up the study of medicine. He entered the Hahnemann Medi- cal College of Philadelphia from which he grad- uated Avith the class of 1904, and during that same year located in Clearfield in the practice of his profession. In 1906 he moved to his present office, which is located at his residence at Xo. 1 10 Second Ave. Dr. Piper is a mem- ber of the staff of the Clearfield Hospital, and of the Rane Medical Society, the State Home- opathic Society, and the American Institution of Homeopathy. He is fraternally a Mason, being a member of the Blue Lodge and Chapter of Clearfield, the Consistory of Williamsport, and the Shrine and Jaffa Temple of Altoona. In politics he is a Republican. On August 20, 1904, Dr. Piper married Lena O. Teeter, who is a daughter of A. B. Teeter, of Bedford County, Pa., and they have one daughter Elda Lenore. Dr. and Mrs. Piper are members of the Presbyterian Church. E. J. WALKER, who, for the past twenty- five years has conducted a general store at Brisbin, Clearfield County, Pa., operating also 392 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in coal, under the firm name of E. J. Walker & Co., is one of the representative men of Woodward Township and is one of its most substantial citizens. He was born January 13, 1856, at Tamaqua, Schuylkill County, Pa., and is a son o^ James and Mary (Hirsh) Walker. James Walker was a native of England and his wife of Gemiany. Both are now deceased, the father passing away at Snow Shoe, Pa., and the mother at Belle fonte. They had the following children: Victoria, who is the wife of William W. Temple, resides at McKeesport, Pa.; Henrietta, who is the wife of Jeremiah Nolan, resides at Bellefonte; Emma, who is the wife of Jacob Rapp, lives at Bellefonte; E. J.; George W., who resides at Brisbin; Martha, who is the wife of Robert Forsythe, lives at Houtzdale; Snynnickson, who is a resident of Bellefonte; and Daniel and John K., both of whom live at Trenton, N. J. Edward J. Walker was young when his par- ents moved to Snow Shoe, in Center County, where he was reared. After attending school he went into railroad work for a time and dur- ing this period made his home at Reading. Pa., and later, for three years, at Trenton, N. J. From New Jersey he returned to Pennsylvania and lived first at Bellfonte and then spent three more years at Snow Shoe. From there he came to Brisbin, a quarter of a century ago, an' war and being taken prisoner by the British, was sent abroad, but was later exchanged and returned home, passing the rest of his life in the state of New York. The grandfather of our subject on the paternal side, was John Patchin, who died in 1863 at the age of 75 years. Aaron \\'. Patchin, father of Ray Chester, was a well known and respected resident of Patchinsville, but is now deceased. He mar- ried Elizabeth Barrett, who was born December 7, 1839, in Nottinghamshire, England, a daughter of George and Frances (Bexson) Barrett. Her father came to America with his family in 1850, in a sailing vessel, the voy- age taking ten weeks. He settled in Indiana county. Pa., where he spent the rest of his life. Elizabeth was the eldest of the family of four children, the others being: Thomas, now re- siding in Indiana county; Ann Jane, unmar- ried, residing at Cherry Tree; and George Jr., a resident of Camden. N. J., where he holds the office of sheriff. George Barrett, the elder, died April 27, 1902 at the advanced age of 89 years; his wife died in 1892 at the age of eighty-one. Before her marriage to Aaron W. Patchin, Elizabeth Barrett was engaged in teaching school in Indiana county. She is AND REPRESENTATR'E CITIZENS 393 still residing at Patchinsville, where she holds the ofhce of postmistress, the post office there having been in charge of the Patchin family for the last 75 years, she having held it for the past 33 years. She is a member of the Baptist church. Aaron \V. and Elizabeth Patchin were the parents of seven children, as follows : Emma, wife of H. P. Dowler, who is in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. as superintend- ent; Olive, the wife of P. Ake, a ship builder at Camden, N. J. ; John H., a dealer in lumber and building supplies at Bumside, and a very prominent business man of that place, who has served in the state legislature ; Winnie, who is the wife of J. O. Clark, president of the na- tional bank at Glenn Campbell, Pa. ; Flora, wife of \V. J. Dufton, a hardware dealer of Clearfield; Carl E., engaged in the lumber business at Burnside; and Ray Chester, direct subject of this sketch. Ray Chester Patchin attended school for the usual period in his boyhood but began indus- trial life at a comparatively early age. He has been successfully engaged up to the pres- ent time in farming and lumbering and is an energetic and enterprising man who knows his business thoroughly and is respected by his fellow citizens. In politics he is a Republican and has been quite an active worker for his party. He is a member of the lodge of Red- men at Patchinsville, and of the I. O. O. F. lodge at Burnside. Mr. Patchin was married July 11, 1910, to Miss Jessie Chapman, who was born in April. 1888. a daughter of James A. and Anna (Mitchell) Chapman. Her father, who was a native of Indiana county, was engaged in farming and lumbering and also in the coal business. He died August 26, 19 10, at the age of sixty-one, his wife having previously died in 1906 at the age of 56 years. The latter was the daughter of Joseph and Sarah Ann (Mahaiifey) Mitchell. Mrs. Patch- in's brothers and sisters now living are as follows: John H., a farmer; Smith S., also engaged in agriculture ; Maud, residing at home; Mary, wife of John Hippes, of New Washington, Pa.; Nellie, wife of H. Young, a farmer; Grace, a teacher residing at home; \\'ayne, Daisy and Trudell, all teachers, the last mentioned residing at Bumside. JACOB W. SCEURMAN, manager of the Grampian Supply Company store, at Gram- pian, Pa., secretary of the school board and also treasurer of the school funds, is one of the enterprising business men and leading cit- izens of the place. He was born February i, 1869, at Philipsburg, Center county. Pa., and is a son of Thomas L. and Sarah (Willi^ims) Sceurman. Thomas L. Sceurman was born at Plain- field. N. J. He was reared in Monroe county, Pa., and married Sarah Williams, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth Williams. Sarah Wil- liams was born at Saylorsburg. Monroe county. Pa. They became the parents of one son and three daughters : Jacob W. ; Lydia, who died when five years old; Katherine, who is the wife of Samuel K. Waring, of East Liberty, Pa.; and Mary M., who is the wife of E. D. Vandling. of Clearfield. Clearfield county; they have two children — Katherine and Robert. Thomas L. Sceurman was a lum- berman and later a carpenter. His death oc- curred February 9, 1889. at the age of fifty- three years. His widow died December 12, 1909. aged Tj years. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church .at Philips- 394 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY burg and tliey were interred in the cemetery belonging to that town. Jacob \V. Sceurman went to school through boyhood at Philipsburg and his first self-sup- porting work was done in a brickyard. He was sixteen years old w-hen he became a clerk in the general store of Wylhes & Hut'tington, at i'hilipsburg, where he remained for four years. Afterward he was with C. Alunson & Son, and subsequently with A. J. Graham, O. P. Jones and tlie Onnalinila Supply Company, at Onnalinda, in Cambria county, Pa., going from there to the Valley Supply Company, in Washington county. Mr. Sceurman was con- nected with the last named concern for one and one-half years and then came to Gram- pian. His long experience had well qualified him in the line of merchandising and he be- came a valued employe of M. Burns, whose business was later reorganized as the Gram- pian Supply Company, in which Mr. Sceur- man is interested as a stockholder, and of which he is general manager. On June 17, 1903, Mr. SceuiTnan was mar- ried to Miss Anna R. Carr, who was born in \Voodland, a daughter of Jacob and Mary Carr, of Kartliaus township, and ihcy have one daughter, Sarah Katherine. Mrs. Sceur- man died December 11, 1909, and her burial was at Philipsburg. She was a lady of many virtues and was a valued member of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Mr. Sceurman also belongs to this religious body and is liberal in the support he gives to its benevolent enter- prises. Fraternally he is a nienilter of tiie Knights of Malta. WILLIAM HILLING, owner and proprie- tor of the Chesterfield House, a first class hotel at Ventland, Pa., which was started in June, 1906, is a native of Wales, where he was born May 4, 1852, and is a son of George and Eliza (Lewis) Hilling, and a grandson of John Hilling. William Hilling is one of a family of ten children, being the eighth in order of birth, his brothers and sisters bearing the following names : James, Mary, Thomas, George, John, Eliza, Margaret, Lewis and Joshua. Mr. Hill- ing obtained his education in his native land where he remained until 1881, when he came to the United States. He located at Philips- burg, Pa., and worked in the coal mines in that neighborhood for ten years and then conducted a store for six years longer and was also in liie coal business there for four years, when he moved to McCartney, Pa., and carried on a coal business there for six years. From there he came to Ventland and opened up his pres- ent hotel and has been very successful in tliis enterprise. Mr. Hilling was married in 1873 to Miss Margaret Powell, a daughter of William and Margaret (W^illiams) Powell, who were na- tives of Wales and had four other children : William, Richard, Sarah and Mary. Mr. and Mrs. Hilling have had three children ; Mar- garet, who died in childhood ; and Joshua and Thomas. Mr. and Mrs. Hilling are members of the Episcopal church. In politics he is a Democrat and in 1895 he was elected on the Democratic ticket, supervisor in Decatur town- ship, in which he was then living. He is a member of the L. O. O. M. at Philipsburg. JOSEPH SHAW, deceased, for many years was a representative citizen of Clearfield county, largely identified witli the luniljer in- dustry and later a leading general merchant nt Clearfield. He was born March 26, 18 17, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 395 on his father's farm in Bradford township, Clearfield county, Pa., and was a son of Rich- ard and Mary (Irwin) Shaw. Richard Shaw was born in County Derry, Ireland, February 2, 1792. His parents, Ar- chibald and Mary (Campbell) Shaw, emi- grated to the United States when Richard was yet small. They settled first in Chester county, from there moved to Mifflin county, and in 1810, to Clearfield county, their first pur- chased farm being situated in what is now the borough limits of Clearfield. Richard Shaw became extensively interested in both farming and lumbering and for many years was active in 'business and public life. In 18 16 he mar- ried a daughter of Henry Irwin. Mrs. Shaw was born in Philadelphia and accompanied her parents in childhood to Clearfield county. A large family of children were born to Rich- ard Shaw and wife, the eldest of those who reached maturity being the late Joseph Shaw, whose death occurred at Clearfield, in 1907. Joseph Shaw grew to manhood on the fam- ily estate in Lawrence township and enjoyed such educational advantages as were obtain- able at that day. He inherited much of his father's business energy and capacity and very early interested himself in lumbering and con- ducted a saw-mill on Lick Run. Subsequently, for many years, he operated other busine^,-^ concerns successfully,^ conducting a general store at Clearfield until he retired in 1874. He was a Jeffersonian Democrat in his views on public questions, accepted official responsi- bilities at times and served as treasurer of Clearfield county. While he was noted for his keen business perceptions, he was equally re- spected for his sterling traits of character. Joseph Shaw married Miss Elizabeth Ful- ton, who died February 8, 1892, at the age of seventy-two years. She was a daughter of Samuel Fulton, who was one of the first, per- haps the very first surveyor of Clearfield county. Five children were born to Joseph and Elizabeth Shaw, namely : R. Newton, Cornelia, Thaddeus H., Ella C. and Alice. The two sui-vivors are Thaddeus H. and Ella C, both of whom reside at Cleai-field. R. Newton Shaw, fonnerly sheriff of Clearfield county, died March 12, 1905; Cornelia died in 1872, and Alice died in 1882. Joseph Shaw and family were members of the Presbyterian church. The Shaw family has been so promi- nently identified with the history of Clearfield county that the prospering town of Shawville appropriately perpetuates the name. ERNEST RENAUD, who has spent his life in Girard township, Clearfield county. Pa., is an enterprising and successful agriculturist and resides on a 10 '/4 acre tract of land ad- joining the homestead tract of 84 acres, which is owned by his brother, and which is situated fifteen and one-half miles from Clearfield. His parents were Victor and Maiy Renaud, na- tives of France, who settled on this farm prior to his birth in 1870. and spent the remainder of their lives here. After his school days were over, Mr. Renaud assisted his father on the home farm and has continued to carry on gen- eral farming and stockraising, farming the old homestead for his brother. His industry' and good judgment have brought him success and he is numbered with the prosperous farmers of this section. In 1898 Mr. Renaud was married to Miss Ella Picard, who was born in Covington township, Clearfield county, and is also of French ancestry. They have three children, Madeline, Alfonse and Charles. Mr. Renaud 396 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY and family are members of St. Mary's Catho- lic church at Frenchville. He takes a good citizen's interest in township affairs, favoring good roads and good schools and for four years served as township supervisor. ALVIN U. LEONARD, whose valuable farm of 140 acres is situatctl in Jordan town- ship, Clearfield county. Pa., on the town line of Ansonville, is one of the enterprising and successful young farmers of this section. He was Ixjrn at Ansonville, Pa., March 4, 1886, and is a son of John W. and Edith (Swann) Leonard. John W. Leonard was !x)rn in Clearfield county and spent his entire life here. He fol- lowed lumbering as his main business. He married Editii SwMnn, who was also born in Clearfield county and now resides at Patton, Pa. She is a daughter of Henry and Lucinda Swann. John W. Leonard was identified with the Republican party but never desired public office although he was a man well qualified to administer in the same. He was a member of the Baptist church. Of his children, Alvin v. is the eldest and the only son, there being- four daughters: Helen L., Margaret J., Mary E. and Harriet C. .\lvin U. Leonard completed the public school course and then spent one year at Buck- nell University, subsequently taking a com- mercial course at Duff's Business College, at Pittsburg. He then returned home and has devoted himself to fanning and stock raising ever since. This property is known as the Henry Swann fami but John \V. Leonard Ixiught it about 1885, and at his death, on May I, 1905. his son purchased it having op- erated it for three years previously. In his success he has demonstrated the value of an educated man in agriculture, his modern meth- ods and his use of improved machinery bring- ing about very satisfactory returns. Mr. Leonard was married in January, 1906, to Miss Delilah Deihl, a daughter of Thomas and Martha (Bell) Deihl, and a granddaugh- ter of Benjamin and Mary Diehl and of Frampton and Matilda Bell. The parents of Mrs. Leonard were residents of Bell's Land- ing, in Greenwood township, where Mr. Diehl followed the blacksmith trade. Mrs. Leonard has one brother, Frank Diehl. Three sons have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Leonard to whom have been given the names of John W., Thomas F. and Robert H. They attend the Baptist church. Mr. Leonard takes only a good citizen's interest in politics and, like his late father, is itlentified with the Republican party. ROLAND DAVIS SWOOPE, Jr., the ed- itor of this History, was born in Curwensville, Pa., on June 4, 1885, and is the second son of Roland D. Swoope, Esq., and Cora Arnold Swoope, and a grandson of the late Hon. Henry Bucher Swoope, widely known in his life time, as a brilliant orator, noted lawyer and as the founder and first editor of the "Raftsman's Journal," of Clearfield, Pa., and of the "Pittsburg Evening Telegraph." and who at the time of his death, in 1874, was United States .Attorney for the Western Dis- trict of Pennsylvania. Roland Davis Swoope, Jr.. was educated at the public schools of his native town and at Mercersburg Academy. at Mercersburg, Franklin county. Pa. After leaving school, he entered his father's law office where he re- mained until October, 1905, when he became editor of the Cunvensville "Mountaineer," a ROLAND DAVIS SWOUl'K. JR. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 399 Republican newspaper, in which his fatlier was interested as one of the founders. As will be noted by the foregoing, the subject of our sketch inherited his fondness for journalism and "The Mountaineer" under his editorship has become the leading Republican newspaper of Clearfield county and is recognized as a powerful factor in every political campaign. Mr. Swoope, like his ancestors, developed a strong likeness for politics and has taken an active part therein. Ever since attaining his majority, he has served as a member of the Republican Vigilance Committee of his elec- tion district. For several years, he has been secretary of the Republican Committee of Clearlield county. In April, 1908, he was elected as one of the five delegates to repre- sent Clearfield county in the Republican State Convention, receiving 3,814 votes, the largest vote polled for any candidate. He has also represented the Republicans of his senatorial district at a meeting of the Re- publican State Committee and was appointed assistant sergeant at anns of the Republican National Convention which met in Chicago in 1908. Mr. Swoope is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church of Curwensville, Pa. ; is a member of the Union League of Philadel- phia, the most famous Republican Club in the United States, is also a member of Bethesda Lodge, No. 821, Independent Order of Odd Fellows and has served the lodge as Noble Grand. Mr. Swoope takes an active interest in all public affairs, and both personally and as ed- itor of "The Mountaineer," he stands for the best interests of the people of the community, State and Nation. RICHARD SHAW, deceased, was once a man of high business standing and public sta- tion in Clearfield county, Pa. He was bom in County Derry, Ireland, February 2, 1792, and was a son of Archibald and Mary (Camp- bell) Shaw. Archibald Shaw was born in County Don- egal, Ireland. His wife was also of Irish birth but probably of Scotch ancestry. Soon after the birth of their second son, Richard, they came to America and found their first home in Chester county, Pa. From there they moved to MifBin county and from there, in 1 8 10, to Clearfield county. Archibald Shaw and wife spent the remainder of their lives on the fann on which they then settled, living into the seventies. Richard Shaw was reared on the home farm, which was situated two miles north of the borough of Clearfield. When twenty-four years of age he married and then located in Bradford township, Clearfield county, and for four years lived on a tract of 100 acres, locally known as Bird Lands. From there he moved into Lawrence township and soon became in- terested in both fafming and lumbering, ac- quiring in the course of years extensive tracts of land on the west side of the Susquehanna River. He was a man of extraordinary enter- prise and for years carried on farm industries, operated saw-mills and engaged in merchan- dising. He also led his fellow citizens in pub- lic affairs and served continuously as a justice of the peace for years and also served in the office of associate judge. He lived to be eighty-four years of age, his death occurring in 1876. Richard Shaw was married in 1816 to Miss Mary Irwin, a daughter of Henry Irwin, who 400 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY came to Clearfield county as a pioneer from Philadelphia, where Mrs. Shaw was born. A large family of children were born to them and those who reached mature years were the following: Joseph, who resides at Clearfield; Jane, who is now deceased, was the wife of Dr. Hills, of Clearfield; Mary E., who is de- ceased, was the wife of John Patterson; A. Henry and Richard, both of whom are de- ceased; Margaret, who became the wife of William A. Wallace, of Clearfield : William (deceased), and A. B., who resides at Clear- field. Richard Shaw and wife were members of the Presbyterian church. The town of Shawville perpetuates their honored name. JOHN A. DALE, justice of the peace at Curwensville, Pa., now serving in his third tenn. is one of the representative citizens of this borough and is identified with numerous important interests. He was born in Pike townsliip, Clearfield county. Pa., two miles south of Curwensville, June 13, 1866, and is a son of Josepli L. and Christianna (Esau) Dale, tiic former of whom still resides on the old homestead but the latter is deceased. John A. Dale was educated in the Oakland school in Pike township, the High School at Curwensville, and then took a normal course, after which he taught school for some twelve terms, in West Clearfield, Lumber City, and other parts of Clearfield county. He was first elected a justice of the peace on the Democratic ticket, in Pike township, and after being elected to the same ofifice at Curwensville. re- tired from educational work and has given his attention to numerous other interests. Fol- lowing his marriage he continued to reside for a time in Pike township and then came to this borough, establishing his home on River street and his office on the second floor of the Patton Building. He is a stockholder in the Cur- wensville National Bank, a director in the Curwensville Building and Loan Association and is local manager of the State Capital Loan Association, of Harrisburg. He has been a lifelong Democrat and has served on the school board both in Pike township and at Curwens- ville. On August 31, 1891, Mr. Dale was married to Miss Abbie Hile, a daughter of Warren and Efiie Hile, and they have had four children: Joseph Thomas, who is a student in Pierce College, Philadelphia ; Christine, who is a stu- dent in the Curwensville High School ; Evana, who is also a High School pupil; and Freder- ick, who died when aged three months. Mr. Dale has been a member of the Curwensville Methodist Episcopal church for twenty-five years, and is now a member of the official board. He is connected officially with several fraternal organizations at Curwensville. For eigln years he has been treasurer of the Bethesda lodge. No. 821, I. O. O. F. ; for fif- teen years has been Keeper of Records and Seal of Curwensville Lodge, No. 486, Knights of Pythias; and for five years has been Chief of Records of Illini Tribe. No. 362, I. O. R. M. J. F. KLINE, who is engaged in general farming and stock raising on a farm of 100 acres in Bradford township, Clearfield county. Pa., is one of the prominent and influential citizens of the township, and was born in 1857 in Goshen township, this county, a son of G. R. and Rebecca (Ogden) Kline. G. R. Kline was born in Lawrence township, Clearfield county. Pa., a son of Solomon Kline, who was one of the early pioneers of this county. The AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 401 father of our subject was reared in Lawrence township, and spent his declining years in Un- ion township, where he died in 1889. Our subject's mother died when he was but one week old. J. F. Kline grew to maturity in Lawrence township and attended the Pine Grove school there. After finishing his education he en- gaged in logging and was engaed in that busi- ness continuously until four years ago, when he purchased his present farm of 100 acres in Bradford township. Here he carries on gen- eral farming and stock raising and is one of the progressive and enterprising fanners of the township. Mr. Kline is a director and has been treasurer of die Bradford township school board for the past year, and during his residence in Girard township, served in almost all the township offices. In 1880 Mr. Kline married Ida J. Mains of Bradford township, and a daughter of David Mains, who was a well known agriculturist of Bradford township. Ten children liave been born to Mr. and Mrs. Kline : Blanch ; ^laud, died in 1884, aged one and a half years: Pearl, died at the age of two and a half years; Guy; Fanny, married Clem Bellott of Girard town- ship, and is the mother of two children, Chris- tine and Guy; Olive V., married W'alter Lu- zier, and they have one son, Kennith : Ruth ; Walter ; Harry ; and Jacob. F. \y. SCHMITT, who has been proprietor of a bakery at Cleai-field. Pa., for the past sixteen years, was born August 5, 1873, ^t Philadelphia. Pa., and is a son of Fred and Caroline (Kienzle) Schmitt. F. W. Schmitt was very young when his parents moved to Troy, Indiana, and he was there reared to man's estate. At an early age he began working in his father's bakery, where he learned the trade, and subsequently conducted the business himself. In 1894 the family came to Clearfield, Pa., and opened a bakery, locating in their present quarters in 1902. He carries on a wholesale and retail business, the Butternut and Figola being his two leading brands. Mr. Schmitt is a mem- ber of the B. P. O. E., is religiously a member of the Roman Catholic church, and in politics is identified with the Democratic party. He has one sister, Catherine, who is the wife of F. D. Souders. J.\MES H. CROYL, now a leading busi- ness man of Ramey, Pa., senior member of the firm of Croyl & McCully, general merchants, was born January 3, 1862, in Huntingdon county. Pa., and is a son of Henry and Cath- erine (Gettys) Croyl. Henry Croyl was born in Huntingdon county and was a son of Casper Croyl, who was born in Germany. Henry Croyl was a general farmer and was a well known and re- spected man. He married Catherine Gettys, who was a daughter of Patrick Gettys, a na- tive of Ireland. To Henry and Catherine Croyl the following chilch-en were born: Mar- garet, who is the wife of D. T. Kantner; Mar- tha, who is the wife of Hugh Stoddard ; Sam- uel; Ella, who is the wife of Solomon Mc- Cully ; William ; Robert ; Marion, who is de- ceased; James H. ; Ada, who is the wife of H. B. Stevens; and Junie, who is the wife of Frank Johnston. James H. Croyl obtained his education in the public schools and afterward worked for ten years at the carpenter trade. In 1871 he established his home at Ramey, where he was postmaster for ten years and for three years 402 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY was a clerk in a store. In 1909 he started into a general mercantile business at Ramey, in partnership with his nephew, L. K. McCuUy, and they are doing a large business and carry all the assortment of goods usually found in a well managed store of this kind. Mr. Croyl was married in June, 1895, to Miss Laura Beyer, a daughter of Thomas and Virginia (Warren) Beyer. The parents of Mrs. Croyi have lived at Ramey for the past twenty-five years, coming from Tyrone, Pa., when this place was but a village. To Mr. and Mrs. Beyer the following children were born: Laura: Myrtle, who is the wife of James Sharer: Florence, who is the wife of Joseph Cassidy; and Clinton and Percival. Mr. and Mrs. Croyl have five children : Vir- ginia, Kathleen, Robert, George and Mildred. The family attends the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics Mr. Croyl is a Republican and he has served as a councilman of Ramey borough and has been school director and tax collector. * was appropriately named, for lumbering was the main industry and a part of the town was built on a section of the Hile fanii. Anthony Hile followed farming and lum- bering for a number of years. His qualifica- tions for office were recognized Iiy his fellow citizens and he served carefully and honestly in almost all of the township offices, having been school director, constable, supervisor, as- sessor, collector and supervisor of the poor. He was a member of the Baptist church. In 1839 Anthony Hile married Miss Emily Bloom, a daughter of James and Mary (Pass- more) Bloom, early residents of Pike town- ship, and they had the following children born to them, some of whom have passed away but have left descendants : James H., D. W., John N., Eli B., Martha J., Lewis B., Fanny, Ada M., William B., Mary E. and Amanda L. Anthony Hile, wiio perpetuates the name of his grnndfather, is the eldest son of James H. Hile, and is assistant cashier of the Curwens- ville National Bank at Curwensville, Pa. ANTHONY HILE, deceased, whose use- ful life was prolonged into advanced age, was long a leading citizen of Lumber City, Pa., and was one of the men of ample fortune then living in Clearfield county. He was born in Northumberland county. Pa., in 181 5, and died in Clearfield county in 1904. His parents were Henry and Mary (Johnson) Hile. Henr}' Hile was born in New Jersey but he married in Northumberland county. Pa., and all of his children were born there, Anthony being nineteen years of age when the family came to Penn township, Clearfield county. At that time this region was a wilderness and was covered with a timber growth that became the foundation of many a fortune. Lumber City FR.\NK B. REED, sole owner and propri- etor of the Clearfield Machine Shops and Foundry, is at the head of a large enterprise and is numbered with the representative busi- ness men of Clearfield, Pa. He was bom in this city, April 26, 1853, ^"ecame a clerk in a store at that place, and at Kermioor, covering a period of five years. In 1886 Air. Hile came to Cur- wensville as bookkeeper in the Curwensville Bank. At the organization of the Curwens- ville National Bank in 1904 he was made as- sistant cashier. He is iinancially interested in this bank and also owns a farm of 100 acres which lies in the north end of Ferguson town- ship, Clearfield county, and was once the homestead of his maternal grandfather. This property he has improved and at present is un- der the management of Mr. Hile's brother. On October 22, 1890, Mr. Hile was mar- ried to Miss Margaret E. Mead, a daughter of Henry and Lydia Mead, of Lawrence township. Mrs. Hile died in 1897, survived by a daughter, Margaret, who attends the public schools. The first child, Anthony, who was born in 1894, died in 1895. Mrs. Hile was a member of the Presln'terian church. Her burial was in Oak Hill Cemetery. Mr. Hile is an elder in the Presbyterian church, and ha" been its trea,surcr since 1887. He is identified with Noble Lodge, F. & A. M., with Bethesda LcKlge, I. O. O. F., at Curwensville, and also with Susquehanna Grange. \\ILLL\M F. LUMADUE, a general farmer in Boggs township. Clearfield county, Pa., who has charge of the Lumadue estate as executor, has occupied this important position since the death of his father, in 1910. He was born December 29, 1886, on this farm of 145 acres, and is a son of Lewis D. and Mar- tha (Dixon) Lumadue. Lewis D. Lumadue was a well known farmer in Boggs township. He married Mar- tha Di.xon, who died in 1903, his own death occurring on April 20, 1910. They had the following children: John, James, Newton, William Frank, Susie Jane, Anna, Phoel>e. Joseph B., Matilda, Jennie; Martha, Freder- ick and Mary. Of the above, Susie Jane is the wife of Walter Williams: Anna is the wife of George Rothrock, and Piioelje is the wife of Foster Woods. William F. Lumadue obtained his education in the country schools. He carries on general farming on the old homestead and carefully looks after every interest on the place. When the youngest ciiild of the family has reached maturity the estate will be divided. In 1908 Mr. Lumadue was married to Miss Matie .\. Butler, the youngest child of Robert and Jen- nie (Ogden) Butler, the others being: Nellie, John, Guard and Fred. Mr. and Mrs. Luma- due have two children : Virginia and Lewis G. They attend the church of the Brethren. In politics Mr. Lumadue is a Republican but he takes no very active interest. A. G. PETERS, who owns and resides on a fine farm of 53 acres in Bradford township, Clearfield county. Pa., is a native of this county, and was born in 1852, a son of J. R. and Mary (Graffius) Peters. The father. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 429 born in Lancaster county, was a miller and stune mason by trade, and died in 1895 in Bradford township, Clearfield county, Pa. The mother died in 1901 in Brad- ford township. A. G. Peters has always lived in Clearfield county. Pa., and has made farming his life occupation. After his marriage he located on a farm about a quarter of a mile from his present place, residing there until 1901, when he bought and settled on his farm of fifty- three acres, and is here engaged in general farming and stock raising. In 1875 Mr. Peters was united in marriage with Alpharetta Bumgarner, who was reared in Bradford township, and their union has re- sulted in the following issue : Lida May, born in 1876, died June 20th, of that same year: Hallie, born in 1877, married William Biesh of Boggs township, and has three children. Earl, Lena, and Ardith; Ashley, married Elva May Thompson of Bradford; Charles W., married Ethel Eshelman of Bradford town- ship, and they have one boy, Marvin Leroy ; Mary, born September 13, 1886, died January, 1887; Edith Alma, who has taught four terms in the schools of Bradford township, attended the home normal schools at Houtzdale and at Philipsburg, Pa., and married W. R. Knepp, formerly of Bradford township. Mr. Peters is a citizen of enterprise and public spirit and has served three years as president of the school board, and two years as supen'isor of the roads of Bradford town- ship. He and his family are members of the U. B. Church of Woodland, Pa. Besides rearing his own family. Mr. and Mrs. Peters have taken into their home an orphan, Ethel Templeton Clark, and given her their protec- tion and love. JAMES MITCHELL, president of the Clearfield National Bank, at Clearfield, Pa., is one of the representative business men of this section and for many years was prominent in the lumber industry. He was born on his fa- ther's farm in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pa., May 8, 1842, and is a son of William and Elizabeth (Spackinan) Mitchell. William Mitchell was born in Ireland, a son of John and Isabella Mitchell, who were of Scotch-Irish birth. When William was si.x years of age they sailed for St. John's, New Brunswick, where they lived for a time before coming to the Lhiited States. They landed at Philadelphia and went from there to Center County and then settled on 400 acres of land situated in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County. This was in 1830 and John Mitchell died on that land in January, 1849. William Mitchell was one of a family of eight children, all now deceased. He became a farmer and lumbemian, purchasing land of his own ad- joining that of his father. He married Eliz- abeth Spackman, who died in 1887, at the age of 74 years, having survived her husband since 1858. She belonged to a prominent old Quaker family of Chester County, Pa. The following children were born to William and Elizabeth Mitchell : Theodore, John, Eliza, Isabella, James, Sarah, Caroline, Oscar and Alfred, all surviving except Theodore, John and Isabella. James Mitchell remained on the home fami, a tract of 231 acres, which he purchased in 1865, until 1871, following fanning and stock raising and being interested also in surveying and lumbering. He had countrj' school advan- tages in his youth, supplemented by three months attendance in the Clearfield schools, the opportunities for securing an education in 430 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY his youth being very different from those now presented to the boys and girls all over the land. In 1871 Mr. Mitchell built and took pos- session of his comfortable residence at Clear- field and has been identified with the leading interests of the city ever since. He was one of the organizers of the Clearfield National Bank and filled the office of vice president un- til 191 1, when made president. In politics he is a Republican and the confidence of his fel- low citizens was shown by his election in 1888 to the responsible office of county treasurer. On May 15, 1883, Mr. Mitchell was married to Miss Grace B. Row, who is a daughter of the late Samuel B. Row, and nine children have been born to them, namely: George, Cather- ine, John, Elizabeth, James. Theodore, Sam- uel, Grace and Eugene. Mr. Mitchell and fam- ily attend the Presbyterian church. JAMES D. WALL, assessor of Penn Town- ship, Clearfield County, Pa., of which he is a leading citizen and substantial farmer, resides on his farm of 100 acres, which adjoins the bor- ough line of Grampian, Pa. He was born in this township, one and one-half miles south- west of Grampian, July 15, 1855, and is a son of Thomas and a grandson of Jonathan Wall. Jonathan W'all was born in Chester County, Pa., and later was a resident of York County, moving from there to Center County and in 1820 coming to Clearfield County. He set- tled on 200 acres of land that was then in Pike Township, but now that section is Penn Town- ship. He improved his property and lived on it until his death, in 1855. This farm is now owned by E. M. Davis. Jonathan Wall mar- ried Jane Thomas, of York County, and they reared a family of children and lived long and virtuous lives, subscribing cdways to the teach- ings of the Society of Friends. Thomas Wall, father of James D., was born after his parents had settled in Penn Township. He was reared on the home farm and remained there for two years following his first mar- riage and then moved to Pennvilie, where he was a merchant for two years. After the sale of his store he bought another farm in Penn Township, on which he operated a saw-mill and a grist-mill, together with farming, until 1870, when he bought a tract of 425 acres of timber land, on Bell's Run and continued to be interested in lumbering until his accidental death, at the age of sixty-five years. He was a member of the Society of Friends. In pol- itics he was a Republican and ser\'ed occasion- ally in township offices. His first marriage was to Hannah Davis, a daughter of Joseph Davis, Sr., and they had three children : James D. : Milton, who died in 1888, in California; and Sarah, who is the widow of Clark Norris. The mother of these children died in i860 and her burial was in the Friends' Cemetery. Thomas Wall married for his second wife, Eliza Nicholson, a daughter of Joseph Nichol- son, of Bell Township, and they had six chil- dren : Mary, Annie, Leona, Blanche, Charles and Maud. James D. Wall obtained his education in the schools of Penn Township and remained at home assisting his father until after his own marriage, in 1879. He spent three years in Colorado and then returned to the old home- stead and became manager of the mill and con- tinued until its sale. Mr. Wall then purchased his present farm of Isaac B. Norris. As the land was already well improved he had little in that direction to do but subsequently built his present commodious and attractive resi- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 433 dence. Mr. Wall is a charter director and a stockholder of the Curwensville National Bank. In May, 1879, Mr. Wall was married to Miss Clara Miller, who was bora in Jefferson Coun- ty, Pa., October 14, i860, a daughter of Col. James and Louisa (Farnsworth) Miller. Po- litically Mr. Wall is a Republican and he has been an active and practical citizen. Fre- quently his fellow citizens have elected him to public office and he has served as school direct- or and auditor, and for nine years was collect- or of Penn Township, of which he is now assessor. CYRUS ROBISON, who conducts the iii- acre farm in Boggs Township, owned by his wife, Mrs. Alice Robison, and carries on gen- eral farming and stock raising, is numbered with the substantial citizens of this section. He was born July 18, 1872, in Knox Town- ship, Clearfield County, a son of Samuel and Agnes (Sloss) Robison. Samuel Robison was one of the early teach- ers in this part of Clearfield County and was highly regarded as an instructor. He was a son of William and Jane (Vanormer) Robison. He married Agnes Sloss, who was a daughter of William and Margaret Sloss. They had three children: Cyrus, Eva and Jennie. Both daughters are deceased. The latter was the wife of Charles Goss. Samuel Robison was identified with the Democratic party. He and his wife belonged to the Presbyterian church. Cyrus Robison obtained his education in the public schools and had the advantage of father- ly instruction at home, up to the age of eight years, when this parent died. The farm came to Mr. Robison by inheritance from his father, who purchased it from its former owner who had bought it from a Mr. Peters. Mr. Robi- son has the deed that proves this farm to have been settled on 104 years ago. He has been connected nearly all his business life with saw- mill work, formerly quite actively but latterly not to so great an extent. In 1894 Mr. Robison was married to Miss Alice Boyd, a daughter of Robert and Matilda (Ralston) Boyd, residents of Clearfield Coun- ty. Mr. and Mrs. Boyd had the following children: Charles; Mar}', wife of Samuel Blankley; Alice; Anna, deceased, wife of Ord Shirey; George; Clara, wife of Richard How- ell, and William. To Mr. and Mrs. Robison three children have been born : Mabel, who died at the age of sixteen months ; and William and Leland. Mrs. Robison is a lady of educa- tion and culture and taught school in Boggs Township for three years prior to her mar- riage. Mr. and Mrs. Robison are members of the United Brethren church. He is a Repub- lican in politics, and he is identified with the organization known as the P. O. S. of A. GEORGE C. KIRK, civil engineer, sur- veyor, and for ten years a justice of the peace in Brady township, Clearfield county. Pa., is one of the representative citizens of this sec- tion of Clearfield county, all over which he is known in his profession. He was born in Brady township, April 3, 1837, and is the old- est of a family of eleven children born to his parents, who were Thomas and Eliza (Bris- bin) Kirk, and his grandfather was John Kirk. John Kirk, the grandfather, was the foun- der of this family in Clearfield county. He came of Scotch ancestors and was born May 15' ^777 y in York county, Pa. From there he moved to Center county and settled in Boggs township, but it is not known that his parents. Thomas and Hannah (Cadwallader) Kirk. 434 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY accompanied him. He was married in Bald Eagle Valley, Center county, in 1802, to Lydia Fisher, who was a daughter of William and Hannah (P\icker) Fisher. Ten children were born to them, five sons and five daughters. Later John Kirk, about 1832. moved into what was then a wilderness, settling in the deep woods, in Brady township, Clearfield county. There his death occurred December 23, 1856, and that of his widow, March 15, 1864. Thomas Kirk, the fifth of his parents' fam- ily, was bom September 11, 181 1, in Boggs township. Center county. He accompanied his parents to Brady township, Clearfield county, and four years later, on June 19, 1836, he was married to Eliza Foster Brisbin, who was also born in Center county, November 13, 181 7, a daughter of Enos and Jane (Moore) Brisbin. They became the parents of eleven children, six of whom still survive. Thomas Kirk en- gaged in farming and cleared off many acres of land which he improved. He was a well known and highly respected resident of Brady township, where he lived until his death, which occurred August 17, 1898, his wife having passed away on April 4, 1892. George Calvin Kirk had to work hard in his youth as the eUlest of a large family, but he had unusual ambition although there was lit- tle encouragement or even opportunity to stimulate it. His educational advantages in the common acceptance of the term, were meager, but he made the most of his chances and later became an acceptable school teacher. He learned the carpenter and cabinetmaking trade and worked at it for a time, but what- ever occupation or industry he was engaged in he devoted every moment of spare time to ac- quiring a knowledge of surveying and civil en- gineering. Only those who have been equally persevering can appreciate the hard studying he had to do before he was able to perform satisfactory work along this line, but those who gave him the first contracts soon realized that he thoroughly understood every principle and the method of application, although he was en- tirely self taught. Mr. Kirk did a large amount of surveying for John DuBois, when that enterprising man first began his great lumbering operations in the dense woods that still covered the country surrounding DuBois, and has also done professional work of great importance in Clearfield, Jefferson and other counties. Mr. Kirk continues to work at his profession and each day spends some hours surrounded by his maps and charts, and fre- quently becomes so interested in his calcula- tions that ordinary bed-time finds him yet busy. In addition to his teaching, surveying and engineering, Mr. Kirk was a very success- ful farmer for a number of years, owning sev- eral hundred acres of excellent land, purchas- ing his first 100 acres from James Irvin, pay- ing $800 for the same and clearing it himself. He improved his land and erected substantial buildings and still makes his home on the farm, which he sold to his son, Lewis N., on May 7, 1910. Mr. Kirk was also one of the organizers of the Luthersburg Pottery, which supplied all this section with earthenware for many years. No work has been done in the old building for many years but it still stands as a landmark. Mr. Kirk was further public spirited, being one of the organizers of the S. N. B. Telephone Company, and has shown in- terest in and has given encouragement to other enterprises which have proved beneficial to this section. On April 18, 1861, Mr. Kirk was married to Miss Margaret Elizabeth Hamilton, who AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 435 was born in West Buffalo township, Union county, Pa., December 26, 1835, and is a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Michaels) Hamilton. Nine children were born to them, as follows: Mary E., Lydia J., Ida E., Aus- tin I., Thomas J., Lewis N., Sarah M., Wil- liam F. and Anna M. Of this family but three survive, namely: Mary E., Lewis N. and Anna M. Mary E. is the wife of Charles S. Carpenter, and they reside at Ashville, N. Y. Lewis N., who now owns the homestead farm in Brady township, married Florence Reams, and they have one child, Marion L. In politics Mr. Kirk is a Democrat. For a number of years he served on the township school board and during a large part of the time was its treasurer. He is identified fra- ternally with Lodge No. 753, Odd Fellows, at Troutville, Pa. On April 18, 191 1, Mr. Kirk celebrated his golden wedding anniversary. One hundred and forty-four people ate dinner, — Joseph H. Kirk of Tylertown, Pa. ; Mrs. Boyd Kirk and two of our subject's sisters, Mary Ann and Ellen, were at the wedding of our subject, also at the anniversary. Mr. Kirk was married on what is now known as the Brewery farm in this township, the DuBois Brewing Company being the owners. He and his wife were mar- ried by Daniel Goodlander, a justice of the peace. Thc}^ received many presents, includ- ing gold coins of U. S. money. WARD O. WILSON, M. D., whose office is located at No. 210 North Second St., Clear- field, Pa., is one of the successful and leading physicians of this borough, and has been a life long resident of Clearfield County. He was born December 4, 1875, in the village of Shawsville, Clearfield County, Pa., and is a son of Mark L. and Agnes (Shirey) Wilson, and comes of one of the pioneer families of the county. The Wilson family originally came to America from Scotland, and first settled in York County, Pa., but subsequently located in Clearfield County. John L. Wilson, grand- father of our subject, was a brother of Samuel W^ilson, who was one of the first men to serve as Justice of the Peace in Bradford township. Mark L. Wilson, father of our subject, was a life long resident of Clearfield County and was for many years identified with the lumber in- dustry of the county. He was for some time associated with A. B. Shaw, and also Weaver and Betts, who were all well known lumbermen of this section of Pennsylvania, and died Jan- uary 13, 1884, when a comparatively young man. Of this union with Agnes Shirey, who is a daughter of George Shirey of Gillingham, Pa., were born two sons, Walter V., who died aged two years; and Ward O., the subject of this record. In 1906 Mrs. Wilson formed a second union with Simeon Cross, and they re- side on Nichol Street at Clearfield, Pa. Dr. Ward O. W^ilson spent the first ten years of his life on the farm, and then entered the employ of Edward Shaw, who conducted a general store at Shawsville, Pa. He continued in the employ of Mr. Shaw three years, and during the winter of two years of that time, he attended the local schools of Shawsville, and later took a course at the Central State Nor- mal at Lock Haven, Pa. In 1894 Dr. Wilson began teaching and followed that profession five years, his schools being at Palestine, Gra- ham township, the Black Oak school of Gra- ham township, the Shawsville school, which he himself had attended, in Goshen township, the Center School in Lawrence township, and his fifth a graded school at Glenn Richey, Law- 436 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY rence township, his last assignment. In 1898 Ur. Wilson entered a medical college at Phil- adelphia, from which he graduated with the class of 1902, and since September 11, of that year, has been engaged in the practice of his profession at Clearfield. He first located over the present Thatcher Drug Store, and in Janu- ary, 1903, moved temporarily to No. 303 Reed Street, and subsequently bought and remodeled his present office and residence, which are lo- cated at No. 210 No. Second Street. On Octo- ber 29, 1903, Dr. Wilson was united in mar- riage with Lottie L McCoskey, who is a daugh- ter of A. E. McCoskey of Lock Haven, Pa. JOHN BOAG, postmaster at Boardman, Pa,, and superintendent of Mines No. 2 and 3, for the Potts Run Land Company, in Knox Township. Clearfield County, is a reliable and experienced mine man and is well and favor- ably known all through this section of Penn- sylvania. He was born in Scotland, March 14, 1858, and is a son of David C. and Mar- garet (Halbert) Boag. David C. Boag and wife were both born in Scotland and when they came to America in December, 1869, their five children accompa- nied them. They settled first at Arnot, Tioga County, Pa., and during their years of resi- dence there, eight more children were added to the family. The mother and ten of tiie children still survive. The father died at the age of sixty-six years, while on a visit at Arnot, having previously removed to Glen; Richey, where he worked as a miner. He was a Pres- byterian in his religions convictions and a Re- publican in his political views. John Boag was about twelve years old when the family came to America and he had already laid the foundation of a good education and completed his period of school attendance at Arnot, Pa. Like his father he became a miner and when he came to Clearfield County, in 1892, it was as a mine foreman at Glen Richey, where he remained for four years, after wliicii he was mine foreman for six years at Burnside. In 1902 he came to Boardman and accepted iiis present position as superintendent, serving as such ever since. Mr. Boag is not only a well qualified man in his special line of work but he is a representative citizen and while still living in Tioga County served as school director and as township clerk, being elected on the Republican ticket. Mr. Boag at present is identified with the Prohibition party. He is serving in his second term as postmaster at Boardman, the mail being received from Olan- ta or Mitchell by carrier. Mr. Boag married Miss Jennie Patterson, a daughter of Henry Patterson, of Arnot, Ti- oga County, and they have seven children, namely: David C. and Harry P., both of whom are attending college, in preparation for professional life; John, who is general man- ager of the Boardman Supply Company store and assistant postmaster; and Elizabeth, Mar- garetta, William A., and Park. Mr. Boag and family are members of the Presbyterian churcli. He is identified fraternally with the Masons, the Odd Fellows and the Knights of Pythias. JOSIAH S. RICHARDS, president of the board of county commissioners of Clearfield County, Pa., and a prominent and substantial citizen of Curwensville, has been identified with the lumbering interests of this county for a number of years. He was born in Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., September 5, 1850, and is a son oi James and Susanna (Dixon) Richards. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 437 The Richards family came originally from Wales, the great-grandfather being its founder in America. George Richards, the grandfa- ther, established his family in Bald Eagle Val- ley, in Center County, Pa., and was a farmer and iron worker. Of his eleven children, James, the father of Josiah S., was the eldest. James Richards worked on the home farm and also in the iron furnaces, but his inclina- tions were in the direction of agricultural pur- suits and in 1838 he secured a tract of wild land which he converted into a productive farm and resided on it until 1866, when he moved to Ohio and bought a large farm there. He lived only three years longer, his death oc- curring in 1869. His widow survived until 1876, her death occurring in Clearfield County to which section the family had returned in 1871. Josiah S. Richards was one of the younger members of a large family, eleven of whom reached maturity. When sixteen years of age he started out to make his own way in the world and the best opportunity that presented itself was work in the lumber regions, and, without any material interruption, Mr. Rich- ards continued work in the lumber regions for thirty years. In 1880 he embarked in busi- ness for himself and since then has carried on both farming and lumbering. The business of lumbering is carried on in practically the same way in all lumber regions and each section has much to recommend it, not only for the devel- opment of manly muscle but also for the good fellowship often established and maintained through years. Mr. Richards recalls many in- teresting experiences and occasionally has met with some injuries, one of these, in 1890, nec- essitating a sojourn in a hospital for a time. 26 He has mastered every detail of the work and his advice is frequently solicited concerning lumbering enterprises. In 1888 he established a lumber camp on a valuable farm that he had purchased, and later in association with his brother, operated extensively on the estate of the late ex-Governor Bigler. From 1875 until 1887, Mr. Richards resided at Houtzdale, in Clearfield County, but since 1895, he has lived on his farm in Greenwood Township. He has always been an active and interested citizen and has been elected to nu- merous township offices, and in 1908 was elected a county commissioner. In this impor- tant office he is serving with faithfulness and efficiency and since 1909 has been president of the board. Mr. Richards is well qualified to be entrusted with public responsibilities, and enjoys the confidence and respect of his fellow citizens. In 1875 Mr. Richards was married to Miss Rachel Henr>% a daughter of Jeremiah and Sarah (Radcliffe) Henry. Jeremiah Henry was born in Mifflin County, Pa., later moved to Indiana County, and there married Sarah Radcliffe, a native of Ireland. They had the following children: Rachel, who is the wife of Josiah S. Richards; Emma, who married W. Smith ; James ; Jennie, who is deceased ; Mollie, who married J. Colmer; William; Sarah, who is deceased ; and Samuel and John Henry. To Mr. and Mrs. Richards seven children were bom, namely: John D., Edward G., (in U. S. Army), Naomi Grace, James S. (in U. S. Navy), Earl Daton, Harry L. and Elva V. Mrs. Richards is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church and is interested in its benev- olent and missionary work. Mr. Richards is identified with the Republican party. 438 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY GEORGE \V. PIPER, senior member of the firm of George W. Pifer and Sons, en- gaged in a planing mill and contracting busi- ness at DuBois, Pa., is also its founder and is one of the leading and representative men of the borough. He was born on his father's farm in Allegheny County, Pa., October 24, 1844, about one month after the family settled in America, and is a son of John and Mary Ja- cobs Pifer. John Pifer was born in Germany and was reared there on a farm and contracted his first marriage there. With his wife and one son he came to the United States in 1844 and after landing started for Pittsburg. At that time no railroad lines were yet completed across the State of Pennsylvania and the long jour- ney was made partly by wagon and partly on foot. Upon their arrival. John Pifer rented a smalt farm which is the present site of East Liberty, a suburb of Pittsburg, and there he carried on truck gardening for some eight years. He then removed with his family to Kittanning, Pa., and went to work in the roll- ing-mills. Later, however, he resumed farm- ing, renting land on the Indiana turnpike road, in Annstrong County. In 1859, together with his sons, he boug'ht a farm in Kittanning Township, on which the new owners put up a log house and barn. About ten acres of the land had been cleared and put under cultiva- tion when the Civil War broke out and al- though the old father was left alone on the fann while the brave and sturdy sons were bat- tling for their country's liberties, he received their wages and thus was able to continue the payments on the land. John Pifer died on this fann in which he took vast pride and sat- isfaction, in 1864, at the age of forty-nine years. John Pifer was married three times, first in Germany as noted above, to Mary Jacobs, who died in Allegheny County. Five children were born to that union, namely : Conrad, who died in Lima, Ohio, (he was a member of Co. I, 78th Vol. Inf.) : George W.; Henry, who died while serving as a soldier, being a member of Co. C. 103rd Pa. Vol. Inf.; Ji>hn. who lives in Jefferson County, Pa. ; and Martha, who is the widow of Rudolph Crooks. George ^^^ Pifer was about eigiit years old when the family moved to Armstrong County and he readily recalls the occasion when he first saw a railroad train that ran to Pittsburg. Shortly afterward he went to work on a farm for John Hood, with whom he remained for six and one-half years and then went back to his father and worked on the home farm until September 16, 1861, when he enlisted for ser- vice in the Civil \\'ar. He entered Co. C, 103rd Pa. Vol. Inf.. as a private and was pro- moted to be corporal of his company and re- mained in the service until the close of the war, being mustered out in July, 1865, in North Carolina and receiving his honorable discharge at Harrisburg, Pa. During this long period, Mr. Pifer served under four different captains — Capt. S. P. Townsend, Capt. Albert Vanastock. Capt. John Coughcrn and Capt. Thomas Coughern. Al- though he participated in twenty-six battles and skimiishes, he was never taken prisoner or wounded, although, on several occasions he had parts of his uniform pierced by bullets. At one time a minie ball carried off the number from the front of his cap. and on another occa- sion, the strap of his haversack was cut in two by a bullet. When the war was over he re- turned to the old farm, of which he was part owner and remained there until 1877, when he AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 439 moved to Jefferson, a small town in Clarion County that experienced a boom on account of the discovery of oil in that region, and there conducted the Commercial Hotel for five years. When the boom subsided, business died out and Mr. Pifer soon looked about for a better busi- ness field. While living in Clarion County he was more or less interested, like everybody else, in the oil business and after the tide of success had passed on, he found himself with several boilers and engines on his hands for which he had no special use. It was in following out a suggestion made by a friend, Delmar Fairchild, that he used this machinery in ex- perimenting in shingle manufacturing and as it seemed a successful venture, in June, 1882, he brought his outfit to Clearfield County and he and Mr. Fairchild went into the shingle man- ufacturing business in the woods near DuBois. This almost accidental experiment was, in fact, the foundation on which Mr. Pifer has built up his extensive industry of the present. At a later date he sold out to Mr. Fairchild and then, in partnership with his brother, John Pifer, set up a portable saw-mill and still later, a second one, with J. A. Bowersox. For many years thereafter, Mr. Pifer and Mr. Bowersox dealt in lumber. At a later date, Mr. Pifer, with George Hess as a partner, started into the planing-mill business which has continued un- til the present time, being developed into a very important business enterprise of DuBois. The firm name was Pifer, Hess & Co., until Mr. Hess retired. As Mr. Pifer's sons, James and Charles, reached suitable age, they entered the employ of the firm and subsequently became partners and since then the finn style has been George W. Pifer and Sons. The work is evenly balanced, the senior member attending to the affairs of the firm on the outside, while the younger partners have charge of the inside work. The plant is situated on the comer of S. Brady and Tozier Avenue, DuBois, where excellent railroad facilities are enjoyed. Em- ployment is given twenty-five men. Mr. Pifer has many times demonstrated his business judgment and foresight and never more so than when he bought his first acre of land when he first came to DuBois. To this acre, right on the edge of the village he was able to add more acres and, as he foresaw, the time has come when this land has been added to the town and has been built over and is now some of the most valuable real estate in the place. He is interested also in real estate at Falls Creek, Pa. In 1883 he erected his own comfortable residence at No. 715 S. Brady Street and his sons, following in his footsteps, have also invested in land and have homes in the same neighborhood. On November 2, 1865, Mr. Pifer was mar- ried first to Miss Hannah Shrumm, who died in 1875. The following children were bom to them : Bessie, who is now deceased ; Sarah E., who is the wife of Samuel Langford and they have two children — Ethel and Bessie; James H., who married Carrie Robinson and they have two children — George Cadmus and Virla Wynona; Charles E., who married Mary Shaw and they have three children — John George, Catherine Eva and Rachel. In 1876, Mr. Pifer was married secondly to Miss Han- nah Malinda Wolfe, a daughter of Isaac and Maria (Ehinger) Wolfe, both deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Pifer have had the following chil- dren: Elizabeth, who is now deceased; Isa- bella; George B. McClellan, a minister, who is a graduate of Mt. Airey Lutheran Seminary; Warren A., who died at the age of nineteen years; Frances Cleveland; Grace May, who is 440 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY a teaclier of music, in Philadelphia; and Flor- ence Leona. Mr. Pifer has always been a strong Demo- crat and as Sandy Tow nsliip is strongly of his political way of thinking, he lias been called upon to serve in many township offices. For many years he has been a memter of the town- ship scliool board and by following his practi- cal advice, the schools are in excellent condi- tion, comparing veiy favorably with those in other sections. He is a member of Easton Post, No. 229, G. A. R., at DuBois, Pa. With his family he belongs to the Lutheran church. GEORGE W. SMYERS, proprietor of the G. W. Smyers planing mill and retail lumber yard, situated on Daly Street, Du- Bois, Pa., has been a resident of this borough since 1900 and is one of the repre- sentative business men of the place. He was born on a farm in Jefferson County, Pa., November 10, 1863, and is a son of Daniel and Elizabeth (Kerr) Smyers. Daniel Smyers was not a native of Jeffer- son County but was small when he accom- panied his father, also Daniel Smyers, to that section, where he grew to manhood and where he still lives. He followed the cabinetmaking trade for forty years and also for many years conducted a planing mill at Big Run, where he makes his home. He married Elizabeth Kerr, who died in 1890, and they had eight children, namely: George W. ; Benjamin ; Anna, who married Clark Brooks ; Lucinda, who married Joseph Williams; Lawrence; Haddie, who married B. Coleson; and Charles and Janet. George \V. Smyers attended the country school near his father's farm in early boy- hood but as soon as he was old enough he went to work in the planing mill. He dis- covered that he had a taste and talent for this work and before he was more than a boy he had already become a wood turner with skill equal to that of a more experi- enced mechanic. In his father's factory he had valuable experience and afterward was employed at Pittsburg, Philadelphia and other points, in every shop being made a foreman after a month's work. From Punxatawney, Pa., where he was foreman for the Reese and Rodgers Company, he came to DuBois and he and Mr. Rodgers built the present planing mill, a small shop being the beginning of the business, and in a few years Mr. Rodgers retired. Then C. A. McDonald was admitted as a partner but later he withdrew in order to engage in the hotel business and since then Mr. Smy- ers has Ijeen alone. From time to time he has enlarged his plant until it is an important one in this line, giving employment to fifteen men while the product is sash, doors, blinds and all kinds of building material. Mr. Smyers is a practical business man and keeps fully abreast with the times. On December 30, 1886, Mr. Smyers was married to Miss Mamie Kelley, a daughter of Robert and Agnes (Barr) Kelley and a granddaughter of John S. Barr, once sheriff of Jefferson County. Mr. and Mrs. Smyers have five children : Von, LaRue, Wilda, Vere and Bernard. They attend the United Presbyterian church. The family home is at No. 400 Daly Street, DuBois, and Mr. Smyers owns other real estate. He is a Republican in politics and is fraternally identified with the Masons, belonging to the Blue Lodge at DuBois and the Chapter at Philadelphia, and with the Knights of the Golden Eagle, at Punxatawney. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 441 JAMES J. McCAMLEY, a well known and substantial citizen of Madera, Pa., where he owns a comfortable home and has two valuable lots adjoining it, was born in Scotland, February 14. 1855, and is a son of John and Margaret (Clark) McCamley. The mother died in Scotland and the father, some years later, died at Madera. They had nine children, James J. being the eld- est of the family. James J. McCamley attended school in boyhood in the neighborhood of his home. As soon as he was old enough he went to work in blast furnaces and later became a coal miner and has followed mining as his main business ever since. He has been a careful, prudent industrious man and has shown his foresight and good judgment in the investments he has made in property. He came to the United States in t8S,^ and lived for four years at Morrisdale, in Clear- field County, but has been a resident of Madera since June. 1887. In November, 1883, Mr. McCamley was married in Scotland, to Miss Mary Carroll, who was born July 4, 1861, and is a daugh- ter of Martin and Catherine (Lynch) Car- roll. They never came to the United States and since leaving her native land, Mrs. Mc- Camley has not seen the other members of her family. She has one brother. Patrick, but her two younger sisters, Margaret and Elizabeth, are both deceased. To Mr. and Mrs. McCamley ten children have been born, two of whom are deceased — John and Margaret. The survivors are Mary, James, Martin, Jane, Agnes. Gertrude, Patrick and Thomas. Mary is the wife of Bruce John- ston. Mr. McCamley and family belong to the Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat. HARRISON STRAW, whose fine farm of 145 acres is situated five and one-half miles north of Clearfield. Pa., carries on large agricultural operations and maintains a large dairy, with Guernsey stock. Mr. Straw was born April 15, 1861, in Ferguson Township. Clearfield County, Pa., and is a son of John T. and Sarah (Young) Straw. John T. Straw was born in Ferguson township and attended school in his native county and later taught school, following which he became a farmer and lumberman and spent his life as a resident of Ferguson township. He was a man of local prom- inence and in 1881 was elected on the Dem- ocratic ticket, a member of the board of county commissioners and served through one full term. He was a member and substantial supporter of the Baptist church. His first marriage was to Sarah Young, a daughter of Albert Young, of Ferguson Township. She died at the age of twenty- nine years and was buried at Zion Cem- etery, in Jordan township. She was the mother of six children: Jeremiah. Albert Y., Harrison. William. Franklin and Anna Mary. His second marriage was to Mary Ellen Barrett, a daughter of Luther Bar- rett. She died when aged thirty years and was survived bv three children. Perry, Lot- tie and Ida. His third marriage was to Priscilla Barrett, a daughter of Hiram Bar- rett, and twelve children were born to this union, namely: Rosetta, Cora. Susanna, Blanche. Myrtle, Carrie, John, Peary, Ivy Belle, Jerusha, Nora and Sarah. Harrison Straw was reared in Ferguson township and attended school there and spent one year at the Indiana State Normal School, after which he taught four terms of school, one in Jordan Township, two in 442 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Lawrence Township and one in Ferguson Township. After marriage he engaged in fanning in Lawrence Township and moved from there to Ferguson Township, where he spent fourteen years and then settled in Goshen township, in January, 1907, purchas- ing what was known as the Thompson Read farm. He has done a large amount of im- proving in the way of building and rebuild- ing and has even extended his improve- ments outside of his own property, prac- ticall)' making a new road to approach it. Mr. Straw has an income from a coal bank on his land. He is a man of commendable enterprise and good citizenship and in all his relations with neighbors and acquaint- ances, stands well esteemed. On April 9, 1885, Mr. Straw was married to Miss Emeline Read, a daughter of D. R. Read, of Ferguson Township, and eleven children have been bcMii to them, as follows: Clara, Russell, Eunice, Bertie, Harriet, David, Howard, Clayton, William, Donald and Sarah. Clara is the wife of Harvey Smith and they reside in Goshen township. Russell who was a successful school teacher in Goshen and Ferguson townships, is now a resident of Alberta, Canada. Eunice, Bertie and Harriet attend the Clearfield High School, while the younger children, with the exception of Sarah, who died when aged two weeks, live at home and attend the Goshen township schools. Mr. Straw is affording his children every advantage in his power and there is promise of all de- veloping into sensible, capable man and womanhood. Mr. Straw and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. In his political views he is a Democrat and he has served as school director and also on the election board at different times. LEONARD KYLER, who has been a valued resident of Bradford Township, Clearfield County, Pa., for twenty-six years, resides on his well improved farm of 130 acres, situated two miles south of Wood- land, Pa. He was born in Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., in 1859, and is a son of John W. and Sophia H. (Shirey) Kyler. John W. Kyler was also born in Clear- field County and was a son of Jacob Kyler, who came to this section with his parents when young. Thus the family naturally is numbered with the early ones of the county. John W. Kyler bought a farm in Boggs Township upon which he resided until his death, which occurred in 1901, his widow sur\iving until 1908. Leonard Kyler attended the schools of Boggs Township in his youth and has de- voted himself ever since to farm pursuits. He has resided on his present place ever since his marriage, with the exception of the first six months, and has developed this farm into one of the best in the township. His industries are general farming and stock raising. Mr. Kyler was married in 1883, to Miss Edith Smeal, of Bradford Township, Clear- field County, and they have had nine chil- dren born to them, namely: Gussie, a suc- cessful teacher at Bigler; Rosella, who died at the age of two years; Belva L., who was married in 1910 to Walter B. Wagner, they now reside at Blue Ball, Boggs Township; Luella Jane ; Catherine ; John W. ; Berton, who died when aged eight months; and Sophia and Robert Leonard. Mr. Kyler and family are members of the Presbyterian church at Bigler, of which he was treasurer for five years. He has been active in local politics, served three years as school AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 443 director and at present is the efficient asses- sor of Bradford Township. Mr. Kyler is widely known and is held in general esteem by his fellow citizens. HON. HARRY BOULTON, who has been engaged in the practice of law at Houtzdale, Pa., since 1897 and is a recog- nized leader of the Clearfield County bar, is also quite prominent in Republican politics in this section. He was born in England, in 1872, and came to America in 1886, locat- ing first in Arizona, where he joined his father. One year later he came to Houtz- dale, Pa., and has resided here ever since. Mr. Boulton obtained a public school edu- cation, later studied law and was admitted to the l)ar in 1897 and in 1904 associated with Hon. Cyrus Gordon, in the practice of law. The death of Judge Gordon in 191 1 dissolved this partnership. He has taken a large amount of interest in public questions and is considered a leader of his party in Clearfield County. He has never sought political honors unduly for himself, how- ever, but is willing to work hard for his friends. From 1894 until 1898 he was secre- tary of the Republican County Committee, and was county chairman from 1899 until 1903. In the latter year his party elected him a member of the state legislature and he served until 1905 and in the special ses- sion of 1906. In 1908 he was sent as a dele- gate to the National Republican Convention at Chicago. Quite recently he has been again honored by an appointment as a mem- ber of the arbitration board for Central Pennsylvania, representing the coal operat- ors, this being' a direct recognition of his fair minded and conservative temperament. Mr. Boulton married Miss Emily V. Smith, at Houtzdale, who was born in New Jersey, and they have had two children : Harold J. and Eleanor, the latter of whom died in 19 10. Mr. Boulton is a Mason, be- longing to Osceola Lodge No. 515; to the Commandery at Phillipsburg, and to Jaffa Temple, Mystic Shrine, at Altoona. He is somewhat interested as a coal operator and is a member of the directing board of the First National Bank of Houtzdale. HENRY E. GINTER, president of the Keystone Mercantile Company, at DuBois, Pa., has been a resident of Clearfield County since 185 1 and is prominently identified with many of the most important business inter- ests of the county. He was born at Harris- burg, Pa., September 17, 1844, and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Miller) Ginter. George Ginter was born and reared in Bavaria, Germany, where he learned the shoemaking trade, one that he followed all his life. After coming to America he located in the city of Philadelphia and there was soon married to Elizabeth Miller. In 1835 they moved to Harrisburg and sixteen years later, in 1851, to Clearfield, making a part of the trip in a farm wagon. Mr. Ginter had come to what was then a very wild region with the intention of securing land for his children and to provide for old age. He purchased 120 acres in the woods, in Brady Township and lived as renter until a cabin could be built. Fortunately it was the spring of that year. May, and as soon as the other settlers in that region heard of his need of a house, they gathered, as was the friendly custom among pioneers at that time, and soon had a comfortable round log 444 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY house ready for occupancy, constructing it all in one day. Later a barn was added and before his death, Mr. Ginter had cleared twenty acres of his land. He did not live long enough to be able to really enjoy the results of his enterprise and industry, his death occurring in 1857, when he was fifty- five years of age. His widow survived until 1880, passing away at the age of sixty-seven years. They had six children born to them, three of whom died young. The three who reached maturity were : George, Joel A. and Henry Edward. George Ginter was killed in the battle of the Wilderness, May 6, 1864, during the Civil War, while serving as a soldier in Co. A, 105th Pa. Vol. Inf. Joel A. Ginter was a member of the same regi- ments as his older brother but lived to re- turn to peaceful pursuits and now resides in Indiana County, Pa. Henry Edward Ginter was seven years old when his parents came to Clearfield County and he had little chance to go to school as at that time Brady Township's school system was practically unorganized and also, on the pioneer farm there was work for every pair of hands. When thirteen years old, after the death of his father, he was hired by a neighboring farmer to drive the horses on the old-time horse-power threshing machine and for this work he was paid twenty-five cents a day. It was in this way that the present capitalist, manufact- urer, man of afYairs in which the handling of thousands of dollars is a daily occurrence, earned the money with which to buy his first pair of boots, for which he paid six dollars. Mr. Ginter relates as an indication of the caution which probably has had consider- able to do with his successful management of important concerns in later life, that for years he would never enter into any busi- ness contract with an employer except on a basis of one day's labor, and by this arrange- ment was able to terminate any connection which he found undesirable. When Mr. Ginter was seventeen years of age he began rafting, a dangerous and difficult branch of the lumber industry, and from then imtil he was twenty-one years old his work was taking lumber rafts down Mahoning Creek and the Allegheny River to Pittsburg and frequently as far as Cincin- nati, O. In the year that he reached his ma- jority he purchased his first raft, which he safely guided down the river to Pittsburg, sell- ing it there and on this, his first venture, clear- ing $200. Finding that his undertakings in this line would probably be successful on account of his natural good judgment, Mr. Ginter continued his interest in the lumber business, broadening his operations until he found himself the owner of immense timber tracts, operating saw-mills and manufactur- ing lumlier. shingles and square timber, at times having partners in his enterprises and at others being engaged alone. At the present date of writing (1910), he is de- veloping a tract of second growth timber in Brady Township. In 1869, Mr. Ginter, in partnership with Samuel Yohe, bought 218 acres of timber land from George Pentz in Brady Township, this being Mr. Ginter's first venture in this field. As before he found that his judgment had been correct and in a very short time this tract became so valuable that he was able to sell out his interest at a profit of $3300. In 1873 Mr. Ginter found time to turn his attention to merchandising and in partner- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 445 ship with S. G. Koontz, embarked in a general mercantile business at Troutville, Pa., engaging also in a lumbering business and this firm continued for nine years, when Mr. Ginter sold out his interest in the part- nership and again devoted himself more particularly to his lumbering enterprises. He has by no means confined his attention, however, to this industry although, as pre- viously mentioned, his interests are large and important in it. In 1894 he moved to DuBois and here has identified himself in many ways with leading business interests. Among these may be mentioned his pres- idency of the Keystone Mercantile Com- pany, dealers in w^holesale groceries both staple and fancy. He is a stockholder in the DuBois National Bank and is also a stockholder in the Punxsutawney National Bank, at Punxsutawney, Pa. He was one of the organizers and is vice president of the United Traction Street Railroad Company, and in all these and other enterprises his sound business sense and evenly balanced judgment have proved invaluable, contrib- uting largely to the success which has sig- nally marked them. He owns farming as well as timber lands in both Clearfield and Jefferson Counties. Mr. Ginter was married in August, 1868, to Miss Louisa Kuntz, who was born in Germany, a daughter of Philip Kuntz. Mrs. Ginter came to America in 1853. To Mr. and Mrs. Ginter six children have been born, namely: Harry I., who is a resident of DuBois, married Arlene Waterhouse ; Elizabeth, who married A. S. Moulthrop, and they have one son, Henry S. ; Nora E., who married J- W. Schoch, and they have one son, Donald; Sallie A., who is the wife of Dr. J. G. Hilleary; James E., who is a practicing physician at Tylor, Pa., married Adria Miles ; and Mordacai E., who married Catherine Blakesley, and they have one daughter, Louisa. Mr. and Mrs. Ginter are active members of the Methodist Episcopal church at DuBois and they are liberal in the support they give to the various benev- olent organizations conducted and author- ized by this religious body. Nevertheless they are quiet, home loving people whose bulk of charities are never known by the world. They enjoy a pleasant and comfort- able home which is situated at No. 223 E. Long Avenue, DuBois. Since 1869, Mr. Ginter has been a member of the Odd Fel- lows, identified with the lodge at Punxsu- tawney, and he belongs also to the Knights of Pythias. His political sentiments have made him a Republican but he has never been a candidate for any public ofifice. W. E. DERRICK, one of Grampian's en- terprising and successful business men who conducts a general store and has frequently held public office, was born in a log cabin, situated four miles northwest of Grampian, Pa., in Bloom Township, Clearfield County, March 6, 1864. He is a son of W. G. and Eliza (Moore) Derrick. W. G. Derrick was born in Pike Town- ship, Clearfield County, Pa., on the Thomp- son farm, on the Erie turnpike road, June 16, 1832, and attended school near Bridge- port. He married Eliza Moore, a daughter of James Moore, and they had nine children, of whom James, who is a carpenter, lives at Grampian; Ella, Mrs. Dean, lives in Medina County, O. ; Ellsworth, lives in Stark County, O.; W. E. is the subject of this 446 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY sketch. At the outbreak of the Rebellion, W. G. Derrick enlisted for ser\ ice under Col. A. E. Irvin, in the famous "Bucktail" regi- ment. He was wounded in the foot at the battle of the Wilderness and thereby re- ceived an injury that troubled him during the remainder of his life. When he entered the army his wife and four children moved to Grampian, where he subsequently joined them but in the next year sold out his interests there and moved with his family to Kaoland, Mo. Prior to that one more child had been born, Bertha, who is the wife of William Thomas, of Grand Rapids, Mich. Mr. Derrick resided in Missouri for four years and during that lime was a prominent citizen in the community, serving as post- master and also as mail carrier. Before the return of Mr. and Mrs. Derrick one more child was born, David, who lives in Stark County, O. ; and after reaching Grampian a daughter, Caroline, was born. She is now deceased, having been the wife of Job Spencer. The family then moved to a farm in Penn Township, where two more children were born : Harry, who died at the age of two years; and Victor, who died aged seven months. Mr. Derrick being somewhat in- capacitated on account of the injury to his foot, soon sold his farm and returned to Grampian, where he worked as a carpenter. He was a Republican after the Civil War and served in several public capacities both in the borough and township. His death occurred May 6, 1904. at the age of seventy- three years. His wife had passed away July 2, 1894, and both were buried in the I-"riends' Cemetery at Grampian. W. E. Derrick attended school at Gram- pian and when old enough he went to Ohio and worked by the month on farms in La- fayette Township, Medina County, for eight years. After his first marriage he engaged as a clerk with AI. H. Lampman, at Lorain, O., afterward going out on the road for W. B. Chapman, Jr., a dealer in groceries in Medina County. Following the death of his first wife he returned to Grampian and was employed as a clerk by William McDonald for eight years and then for one year was manager for E. F. Spencer. Mr. Derrick then embarked in the meat business with C. G. Russell, the firm being Russell & Derrick, which continued for three years, when Mr. Derrick sold his interest and became a clerk for S. T. Orcutt, in the hardware business. In 1906 he bought the business of his former employer, William McDonald, and has de- veloped a large and constantly growing enterprise. In the winter of 1895, Mr. Der- rick worked for Mr. McDonald for fifty cents a day and in 1896, for seventy-five cents a day, and fourteen years later, through his prudence, industry and acquired experience, was able to purchase the busi- ness and make it his own. He has several valuable pieces of property, two lots being improved with buildings and two lots still vacant. His business capacity has been fully demonstrated. On September 17, 1885, Mr. Derrick was married in Medina county, O., to Miss Macy Kindig, who was born in Wayne County, 0.. December 13, 1868, a daughter of David Kindig. Mrs. Derrick died July 21, 1893, and was survived by one daughter, Nora, who is the wife of William L. Nolder of Luthersburg, Pa., and they have two chil- dren : Anna May and Robert Lewis. Mr. Derrick was married September 21, 1898, to H. A. WOODSIDi:. .M. I >. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 449 Miss Kittie Shaw, a highly educated lady, who had been a school teacher for eight years previously. She is a daughter of G. Moody Shaw, of Medina County. They have one son, Charles Edinson, who was born January 6, 1901, who is a bright stu- dent in the Grampian graded school. On many occasions Mr. Derrick has been shown proof of the esteem and confidence of his fellow citizens. He has served as assessor and for eight years as borough treasurer and has filled other ofiices, elected to the same on the Republican ticket. He is collector for the Harrison & Industrial Savings and Loan Association, of Gramp- ian, in which he is a stockholder. He is also a member of the P. O. S. of A. H. A. WOODSIDE, M. D., physician and surgeon at Lumber City, Pa., where he is numbered with the public spirited and valua- ble citizens, was born in Boggs township, Clearfield county, Pa., August 10, 1871, and is a son of T. B. and Mary Ann (Turner) Woodside. T. B. Woodside was born in Center county, Pa., in 1842, and was reared and educated in Center and Clearfield counties. In early man- hood he married Mary Ann Turner, a daugh- ter of John Turner of Boggs township, and they had nine children born to them, as fol- lows : H. A. ; J. A., who lives at Philipsburg, Pa. ; W. W., who is a clerk in the Bickford store at Curwensville ; H. L., who is a physi- cian practicing at Clover Run, Clearfield county; Guy, who is an iron worker, at Johns- town, Pa. ; Roy, who lives in New Jersey ; and Donald, Vada and Letitia, all of whom live at home. T. B. Woodside maintained his home in Boggs township, at Wallacetown and in Gra- ham township, before he settled permanently as a farmer in Boggs township, where he owns 155 acres of valuable land. He has been a lifelong Democrat and has frequently served in township offices. Formerly he was identi- fied with the Odd Fellows. With his wife he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. H. A. Woodside attended the public schools in Boggs township, then the Mahaft'ey school under G. W. L. Oster, in the class of 1889, and later the Central State Normal School at Lock Haven, in 1893. He then taught four temis of school, one of these being in the Winburne High School. After this he entered Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, where he was graduated in 1897, and after a year of expe- rience in the Jefferson Hospital, he came to Lumber City in April, 1898. Dr. Woodside is a member of the county and state medical bodies and of the American Medical Associa- tion. He is a member of the board of health for the borough of Lumber City and also is health officer for Knox and Ferguson town- ships. He is local surgeon for the New York Central Railroad at this point. In addition to a large and lucrative practice he has other in- terests, being a stockholder in two of the lead- ing National Banks of the county, also is con- cerned in the Bickford store and meat market at Curwensville. In April, 1890, Dr. Woodside was married to Miss Belle McClure, who was born in Pike township, a daughter of John R. McClure, and they have two children: Wendell H. and Hobart K. In politics Dr. Woodside is a Democrat, and a member of Masonic lodge. Noble Lodge No. 480, Curwensville. CHARLES D. McMURRAY, who is one of the representative business men of 450 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Jordan Township, Clearfield County, Pa., where he owns a valuable farm of i8o acres and has large lumber interests at other points, was born May 15, 1856, in Knox Township, Clearfield County, Pa. John McMurray, who was the father of Charles D. McMurray, was a farmer all his life and was a highly respected man, a lead- ing member of the Methodist Episcopal church. He was a Democrat and was a man well qualified for public office. He married Jane Alexander Hegarty, and both are now deceased, the burial of the father having been at New Washington, Pa., and that of the mother at Hegarty's Cross Roads. To them were born the following children: John Alexander, Robert Taylor, Catherine Jane, and Charles D. Catherine Jane is the wife of James D. Wiley. Charles D. McMurray attended the dis- trict schools and afterward went to work in the woods but later embarked in a mercan- tile business at Ansonvilie, to which he came in 1883, and continued for twenty- seven years. He then resumed lumbering and at the present time is thus interested in Beccaria Township and also in Cambria County. Mr. McMurray was married first in 1880. to Miss Malissa Shoff, a daughter of Samuel P. and Ruth (Ames) Shofif. She died in September, 1881, and her burial was at Hegarty's Cross Roads. They had two children; Ferman and Mertie Ann, both of whom are deceased. Mr. McMurray was married second, October 5. 1886, to Mary I^vinia McKeehen. a daughter of James and Mary Jane McKeehen, and they have had four children: Georgia Jane, who was born September 5. 1890; Ruth E.. who was born May 8, 1893; Maud, born November 23, 1896, who is deceased; and Dorcas L., who was born February 16, 1910. Mr. and Mrs. McMurray attend the Methodist Episcopal church at Ansonvilie. He is a Democrat in his political sentiments and has frequently served in public office, for six years being township treasurer, for five years auditor, and also township clerk and school director. He is a member of Curwensville Lodge, F. (S: A. M., and of the Odd Fellows at Anson- vilie, and belongs also to the Encampment at Glen Hope. X. R. MOORE, funeral director and em- balmer, one of the representative business men of DuBois, Pa., was born August 4, 1873, at Rockdale Mills, Jefferson County, Pa., and is a son of Thomas and Ellen (Mc- Morris) Moore. Thomas Moore was one of the pioneer settlers at Rockdale Mills, Pa. He was born in Ireland, came to America in early manhood and was married in Philadelphia to Ellen McMorris, also of Irish birth. They determined to establish a home and as they had but small capital, they were forced to seek a still unsettled region, one in which their thrift and industry would provide for their future. They crossed the mountains into Jefferson County and reached Tyrone in Blair County and from there went by ox- teams to Rockdale Mills, where they started a general store, Mr. Moore having to haul all his merchandise from Tyrone, a long distance. He was a cabinetmaker and a part of his work was the making of coffins. He was a very neat and expert workman. At that time the shape of a coffin was like that of a kite and Mr. Moore's measure- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 451 ments were very simple, length of body and breadth of shoulders being alone necessary. For many years he constructed these tem- porary receptacles of the dead in his neigh- borhood. He was widely known and lived a busy, useful life, dying at the age of seventy-three years. His widow survived until 1903, when aged seventy-four years. They had the following children born to them : Ella, who is the wife of A. U. Moore ; James, who is deceased ; Louisa, who is the wife of A. J. Riley; John; Bessie, who is the wife of J. H. Brown ; Emma ; Matilda M., who is the wife of W. F. Hay; N. Rob- ert, and William. N. Robert Moore first attended school at Rockdale Alills and later took a course in the Ohio Normal University, at Ada, O. From the age of fourteen years until he was twenty-six years old he followed the car- penter's trade. In 1889 he went to Alle- gheny and there entered the well known undertaking establishment of James Low- ery, in order to learn the business in a thorough manner, and later took a course and received his diploma, at tlie Champion College of Embalming. He then engaged in an undertaking business and dealt also in furniture, at Rural Valley, where he con- tinued until 1901, when he came to DuBois. Here in 1901 he bought out the business of C. N. Miller, at his present location, on Long Avenue. He purchased the property on September 15, 1910, and on the fifth of the succeeding October, he suffered a loss of his buildings from fire. He went into temporary quarters, where he remained until his present complete and commodious buildings were erected. His office and show rooms occupy one-half of the ground floor of his building, with a morgue, sanitary in every particular, in the basement. His office is handsomely furnished and every convenience is placed at the disposal of those who have business with him. Mr. Moore has probably the finest general equipments for funerals in all this section. He has a number of fine horses, among these being a team of pure white Arabians, which he purchased in Indiana and which are said to be the best matched team in Clearfield County. He has a number of vehicles appropriate for his business, includ- ing black and white funeral cars, a silver grey ambulance, a call wagon, etc., all of these being given storage in a near-by liv- ery stable. Mr. Moore's patronage comes from over a wide territory. His business is conducted with the dignity that it de- mands and careful attention is given to every detail. On October 28, 1898, Mr. Moore was married to Miss E. Pearl Laughery, a daughter of W. G. Laughery, of Beach Tree, Pa., and they have two children, Harold and Helen. Mr. and Mrs. Moore are members of the Presbyterian church. In politics he is a Republican. Fraternally he is a member of Garfield Lodge, No. 559, F. & A. M., and Garfield Chapter, No. 225, at DuBois, and also of the Odd Fellows and of the Knights of Pythias. PETER BROWN, who, for twenty-six years has been a resident of Girard Township, Clearfield County, Pa., is one of its leading citizens and successfully carries on farming and stockraising on his 118 acres of valuable land. Mr. Brown was born in Ireland and is a son of James and Grace Brown. 452 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY When Mr. Brown was a child of four years, his parents emigrated to Canada and he was reared and attended school there and helped his father, who was a farmer and stock buyer. Both parents died there, some twenty years since. They were good people, respected as neighbors and earnest members of the Catholic church. At the age of seventeen years, Peter Brown started out from home to make his own way in the world. He crossed the line into New York anloom. She attended the Curry school in Pike township and grew to woman- hood in her own home. Her father, Levi Bloom, was born near Curwensville, January 10, 1824, and although he was a very success- ful business man in after life, he had but two months of schooling. He engaged in lumber- ing and farming and came to this place when only four acres had been yet cleared. He was enterprising and industrious and after build- ing a log house and bam began to complete the clearing of his land. At the time of his death, June 5, 1896, he owned two other farins in Knox township. He was a Demo- crat in politics. He married, in 1845, Su- sanna High, bprn January 20, 1825, a daugh- ter of John and Sally High, of Center county. Levi Bloom and wife had fourteen children, the six sur\-ivors being: Jared, who lives near Burnsdale; Alfred, who lives on a fann of seventy-two acres, a part of the old Bloom homestead, married Martha McNeel; Eliza, who is the wife of William Arnold, lives at Curwensville; Wesley, who is a resident of Chicago, 111. ; Martin, who resides at Seneca, Kans. ; and Alice, who is the wife of John Dotts. The mother of the above family died Januars' 7, 1891, and she was buried in the Xew Millport cemetery, where, five years later her husband was laid by her side. They were widely known people and were very highly respected. Mr. and Mrs. Dotts have had ten children: Levi, Zella. Leon, Carl, Droze, Beryl, Oel, Merrill, Marl and Ethel. All survive except the eldest son, who lived to be nineteen years of age. His burial was by the side of his grandparents at Xew Millport. Mr. Dotts and family are members of the Lutheran church at Xew Millport. \\ILLI.\M A. \\ALL.\CE, or Senator Wallace, as he was commonly called, came into public life in January, 1863, when he took his place as state senator from the moun- tain district, then composed of the counties of Blair, Cambria and Clearfield. He occupied a seat in the State Senate continuously from that date until March, 1881. In 1882. as the result of political contention in his senatorial district, he was again chosen state senator, and served as such until January, 1887. Seven- teen years as state senator — during one of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 491 which he occupied the Speaker's chair — and six years as United States senator, are the sum of the official Hfe of Mr. Wallace. He was born at Huntingdon, Pa., Novem- ber 28, 1827. He comes of Scotch-Irish pa- rentage on both sides. The family of both his father and mother trace their ancestry to the north of Ireland, and among Wallaces, Hemp- hills, McCauleys and Cunninghams who came under Cromwell's orders in the sixteenth cen- tury with Sir Richard Wallace from Scotland to occupy the land. His father, Robert Wal- lace, migrated from the County Tyrone in 1819. He was an educated man, taught school in Mifflin county. Pa., read law there with Ephraim Banks, settled at Huntingdon, prac- ticed law and married there, and thence re- moved to Clearfield county, where he died in January, 1875. When Senator Wallace went to Clearfield he pursued his studies as best he could in the schools of the place, but no opportunity was afforded him to gain more than a fairly good English education and the rudiments of the classics. He began the study of law when a little more than sixteen years of age in his father's office and helped to support himself by doing clerical work in the offices of the prothonotary, sheriff, treasurer and commis- sioners of the county. He applied himself with great earnestness to work and study, and his employment in the county offices gave him a knowledge of titles and surveys which was of great value to him after he was admitted to the bar, as the bulk of the cases in that county were ejectment suits and other litigation groj^v- ing out of disputed titles to land and lines of survey. During this time, however, he devoted him- self to the study of law, and by hard work he gained a foothold. He was painstaking, con- scientious and untiring, and when he got a case he prepared it with a care that soon at- tracted attention, and his practice began to in- crease. Many prominent lawyers then prac- ticed at the Clearfield b^r, among them An- drew G. Curtin, Judges Hale, Linn and the younger Burnside, and the class of cases he was engaged in were mostly ejectment suits which were of such . importance that the par- ties to the litigation had the means to employ the best talent. Attrition with strong minds and the character of the litigation rapidly de- veloped his force as a lawyer and gave him a large practice. The hard work required and his close ap- plication told upon his health, so that in 1862 he accepted the nomination of the Democrats for the State Senate as a relief from the drudgery of his practice and in the hope that the change of scene and action might benefit him. His opponent was the then speaker of the State Senate, and a recognized leader of his party. A sharply-contested fight followed. Mr. Wallace was successful mainly through the increased majority given him in his owoi county. His election to the State Senate gave the Democrats a majority of one on joint bal- lot, and his vote made Charles R. Buckalew United States Senator. For fifteen 3^ears after his first election he was returned to the Senate, and, notwithstanding the bitter as- saults that were made upon his political action, at each election he ran ahead of his ticket in his own county. He went to Harrisburg with merely a local reputation; but he soon made his name known throughout the whole state, and in a very few years it was known throughout the whole country. So rapidly did Mr. Wallace develop into a 492 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY power in his party that in 1865 he was, with- out his consent, made chaimian of its State Central Committee. He found the Democracy split and demoralized, and at once addressed himself to the work of organization, in which he developed unusual tact and ability. The majority against his party in 1865 and 1866 was under twenty thousand, l)ut in 1867 Judge Sharswood was the candidate for Supreme Court judge and Mr. Wallace at the head of the State Committee conducted such an adroit and noiseless canvass that the Republican can- didate was defeated. In 1868 the most mem- orable canvass of his career as a political manager was made. Seymour and Blair were the candidates for the Presidency and Vice- Presidency against Grant and Colfax. The October election in Pennsylvania was the piv- otal contest, and the issue was made and fully tested there. He not only gave his party a splendid organization, but good heart, and brought it to the polls in such excellent work- ing condition that the Democratic candidate, C. E. Boyle, was defeated by less than ten thousand votes in the October election. A change of less than one per cent would have reversed the decision. Even with the prestige of Grant's name and popularity iiis majority w^as less than twenty-nine thousand at the Presidential election. The contest that year in Pennsylvania was one of the bitterest ever known in the history of the politics of the state and tiie Democratic party under the leadership of Mr. Wallace w^is in better condition than for many years before or perhaps since that time. His career in the State Senate was that of a leader. For almost the whole of his term of service he occupied prominent positions upon the important committees of finance, judiciary and apportionment, and his learning as a law- yer and his force as a business man, gave him great opportunities of serving the people in a non-partisan way, and of shaping judicious legislation. His personal record there was above reproach, and his influence was unex- celled by that of any of the body. In 1871, his party having obtained control of the Senate, he was chosen Speaker thereof; and demon- strated in that place his fairness and impar- tiality, as well as his admirable skill as a par- liamentarian. In the winter of 1874. the one prior to that in which Mr. Wallace was elected United States Senator, the Legislature was engaged in framing the acts necessary to carry into effect the provisions of the new constitu- tion. To this work Mr. \\'allace earnestly ad- dressed himself, and much of the important legislation of that session bears the impress of his mind. The general act of incorporation, which is regarded as one of the best of the kind on the statute books of any State in the country, was his work, and the law regulating and classify- ing cities and providing for their debts also came from his hand. The act of 1883 provid- ing for arbitration of labor disputes, which was first enacted in the United Slates and was purely tentative in its character, was the work of his hand, and the change in the general railroad law of that session, which gave much more liberality to their construction, was also largely aided by him. In the election of 1874 his party had se- cured control of the legislature on joint ballot, anfl by common consent Mr. Wallace was turned to by his party as its candidate for the United States Senate. In the few years that had elapsed since he walked into the Senate chamber a pale, delicate and almost unknown AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 493 young man, he had outstripped many Demo- cratic leaders of less force, but more preten- tions. Of course, several prominent leaders of his party, were candidates for the nomina- tion for United States Senator, but it did not need the expression of the Democrats in the Legislature to show that Mr. Wallace was the choice of two-thirds of them. So pronounced was the feeling in his favor that long before the Legislature met the question was prac- tically settled, and when the Democratic cau- cus met there were only sixteen votes out of 121 cast for all the opposing candidates. Mr. Wallace took his seat in the Senate of the United States on the 4th of March, 1875, and almost immediately assumed a leading po- sition in the national councils of his party. His reputation as a man of political force, gained by practical service in Pennsylvania, followed him in the broader work at the capital of the Republic, and he had been in the Senate but a very short time before his judgment was sought and his advice taken upon all matters of party management. During his term in the Senate he served upon the important commit- tees of finance, appropriations and foreign re- lations. At the time when the Democrats drifted towards division, Mr. Wallace was of great sen-ice to his party in inducing it to take conservative action upon leading questions and in tempering and controlling the bitterness of opposing factions. In all the political events transpiring during his six years at the Na- tional Capital, Mr. ^^'aIlace held a foremost place, and, although antagonized at every step by his rivals for leadership in the State, he maintained his position and almost univer- sally scored a victory over his adversaries. In 1872 he was a delegate to the Demo- cratic National Convention at Baltimore and chairman of the delegation, and voted against Horace Greeley and for Judge Black, but fol- lowed his party in supporting Greeley for the Presidency after his nomination. In 1874 he presided over the convention of his party at Pittsburg, one of the most impor- tant of its history. It was so impartially con- trolled and the order maintained was so ex- erriplary that it exerted much influence in win- ning the Legislature for the Democracy in the then succeeding election. In 1876 he was again a delegate to the St. Louis National Convention and again was chairman of the delegation. In 1880 he was influential at Cin- cinnati in securing the nomination of General Hancock to the Presidency, although he de- clined to go upon the delegation. In 1884 he was upon the delegation to Chicago, but, de- clining any of the official places in the delega- tion he was directed by it to present the name of Mr. Randall as the candidate of Pennsyl- vania. He did this in such a spirit of broad- minded fairness, and so forcibly and elo- quently, that his brief speech was declared to be the oratorical gem of the occasion. Mr. Wallace's career as a lawyer is as emi- nent as his record as a politician. Starting without opportunities or influential friends he rapidly rose to a prominent place among the leaders of the bar of the State. While serv- ing in the Senate, he did not neglect his legal work. During the labor troubles in the Clear- field region, he took a judicious and equitable part between the coal operators and the strik- ing miners. Although counsel for the Com- monwealth and the coal operators, he was never violent in his denunciation of the work- man. In the great trial which took place at Clearfield, when the leaders of the labor strikes were arrested for conspiracy and the question 494 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY of the organization and conduct of the labor unions was up for judicial investigation, Mr. Wallace was counsel for the coal operators in their actions against the miners. The late Senator Matt Carpenter, Judge Hughes, of Pottsville, and other eminent lawyers, de- fended the action of the labor union. Judge Orvis presided and the trial was a long and desperately fought legal battle. John Siney, the head of the labor unions, was acquitted because no overt act could be proved against him, but Xingo Parkes and other prominent labor unionists were con- victed and sent to the penitentiary. Mr. Wal- lace interposed in behalf of the convicted men and urged upon the court the utmost clem- ancy. He took the ground that the moral ef- fect of the conviction of the leading strikers was greater than a harsh execution of the law. In all the many labor troubles that have oc- curred in Clearfield county, Mr. W^allace has taken a prominent part as assistant counsel to the law officers of the county. He has also represented the large coal operators in that region, and by his judicious advice and dis- creet interposition between contending forces, law and order have been very well preser\'ed, and never have troops been called into the county to preserve the peace, as they have in nearly every other mining district in Pennsyl- vania. In the labor riots in 1877, as in all others that have occurred in the Clearfield re- gion, Mr. W^allace's action and advice were effective and all important. He took a judi- cious ground between the workmen and the operators. He held that the men had the right to strike, but no right to prevent others work- ing, and the quiet hut firm position assumed by the operators and authorities under his ad- vice prevented bloodshed and restored order in the region. The result of his attitude is best displayed by the fact that since 1877 there has no violence attended any of the strikes in all that region. The qualities of mind that Mr. Wallace early exhibited specially fitted him for dealing with the delicate questions which this condi- tion of things imposed. He was always noted for great courage, tact and good judgment. Untiring energy and tenacity are among his striking characteristics, and his powers of endurance and capacity for work were sim- ply remarkable. The case of Turner vs. the Commonwealth, reported in Fifth Norris, gives a fair illustra- tion of the tenacity of purpose with which Mr. Wallace fought his legal battles and followed a trail in spite of all obstacles. He was coun- sel for defense, and feeling ran high against his client, who was convicted of murder in the first degree and sentenced to be hung. Mr. Wallace took the case to the Supreme Court and his argimient for a reversal of the judg- ment of the lower court is regarded as one of the strongest ever delivered before that tribu- nal. It was also a successful one, for the de- cision of the court was reversed and a new trial ordered. He secured a change of venue from Clearfield to Clinton county and the case was retired. The Commonwealth was struck in one of its weakest points, and after one of the most dramatic scenes ever witnessed in a court room in Central Pennsylvania, his client was acquitted. Mr. Wallace had given three years of hard work to the case and illustrated in a striking manner those qualities of mind and body that brought him fortune and fame. In those branches of the law most useful in the development of an astute and deep legal mind. Senator W^allace was greatly proficient. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 495 The trial of ejectment on original title is one of those branches. This field has given to the legal profession, in the last half century, its strongest minds. Chief Justices Woodward, Thompson, Black and Agnew graduated in this school and fitted themselves for their high duties by work at the bar and on the local bench. The records of the Supreme Court, in many of its cases, show the impress of Mr. Wallace's mind upon the creation of a system of law applicable to and resulting from titles, surveys and patents. Hagerty vs. Mathers, reported in 5th Casey, and again in ist Wright, is an example of this class of cases. One of the most noted of these cases was the celebrated Houtz ejectment, involving the lo- cation of the tracts of land upon which Houtz- dale is built and perhaps 10,000 people live. His position and theories as to the true loca- tion were finally vindicated, after three trials in as many different courts, and his clients were successful. Governor Beaver and ex- Solicitor General Jenks were his antagonists in the last trial of the case, and it is no reflec- tion on them to say that they were unsuccess- ful both in the court below and in the Supreme Court. After leaving the Senate Mr. Wallace de- voted himself tO' bringing returns from his large landed estate, which had been neglected during his official life. In his later years he did more to develop the bituminous coal inter- ests of the Clearfield region than had ever been done before, and he reaped the reward of his industry and enterprise. The projection of the Beech Creek Railroad as a branch of the Reading System, and a competitive factor in the transportation of the coal seeking an eastward market, was one of the agencies of this work. It is a financial success and has greatly enhanced the value of the coal lands of the section it traverses. While not con- nected with the machinery of its operation, he was its president from the beginning. Upon the branches of the Pennsylvania system tra- versing his county he had also large interests, and constantly aided in developing new fields and giving employment to labor upon new and needed extensions. As years came to him, the asperities that result from the political action of an aggres- sive man, seemed to grow softer, and broader views and milder thoughts took their place. From being somewhat partisan and bitter as a speaker, he became conservative and thoughtful of the future of the people. His first appearance at a State convention since 1880 was in 1887, when he was called to pre- side. The views of his party's policy he then presented are well known to have been his own earnest convictions, and those of us who knew him well, know that no prouder trophy could have been his than to have engrafted on the organic law of the State reform looking to the growth of intelligence among her people and elevating the standard of their morals and public purity. It is but natural that a man of his strength of character, habits and disposition and one who bore such a conspicuous part in shaping political controversies, should have been as- sailed and criticised. It is to his credit that he had many bitter enemies, and still more to his honor that he was able to meet them with success and to rise to eminence by sheer force of character, energy and ability. From another source we take the following in regard to this eminent lawyer and citizen: '"August 30, 1847. On reading the certifi- cate of Josiah W. Smith, George R. Barrett 496 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY and John F. Weaver, board of examiners, and on motion of George R. Barrett, William A. Wallace, Esq., was admitted to practice as an attorney of Clearfield county and was sworn, etc., William C. Welsh, Prothy. (Continuance Docket Xo. 6, page i6i.) "He was then 19 years and 9 months old. His first case was entered on September 2, 1847, 3 days after his admission, as follows: James Brothers vs. Andrew Barnhart No. 33. August Term, 1847. Transcript from Docket of James McMurray, of judgment 5j?i4.30. Int. 19 Aug. 1846. Entered Sept. 2, 1847. "He was distinguished from everj-body else who has ever practiced law here in these re- spects : He was more aggressive and persis- tent and industrious. To these qualities he added a wonderfully quick apprehension and a comprehensive grasp of his whole case which he never relaxed until he accomplished his purpose. Long before I knew him or any of the other men who practiced here I asked my father what there was about him which gave him such a reputation over everybody else. He said that he got all the points in his case, that he omitted nothing ; when I came to know him aftenvards I thought this was a pretty good summary of what distinguished him in the trial of a case. "No man can practice law to any considera- ble extent without having occasions which will test the kind of a man he is. A lawyer does his work publicly under the direction and su- pervision of the court and under the glaring criticism of other members of the Bar who may be either arrayed against him in the par- ticular case, or whose sympathies for some reason may be opposed to him. In most other employments a man may measurably conceal his action and motives but not so in law. These remarks are suggested by an experience Senator Wallace had in the summer of 1875. A most serious difficulty in protecting prop- erty in a conflict between the coal operators and their employes was encountered in this county. A large number of men were arrested charged with riot and conspiracy. The first trial occurred on the 7th of June and the sec- ond trial against the same defendants on the 28th of September, each of them occupying a week or more and each of them resulting in a verdict of guilty. The two most noted de- fendants were known as Siney and Parks. They had a State reputation, if not a National reputation, for their identity with labor organ- izations. Senator Wallace aided only by Judge Krebs, then quite a young man, con- ducted the prosecutions on the part of the de- fendants. There was perhaps the most noted array of counsel for the defense we have ever had in this county. Matt Carpenter, then United States Senator, and with a National reputation as a great lawyer, Frank Hughes, wlio had been at the head of the Schuylkill county Bar for perhaps 50 years, and Linn Bartholomew, the most noted jury lawyer in that section, appeared with Judge Barrett and Walter Barrett on the part of the defense. William M. McCullough told me that he had asked Senator Wallace if he realized the effect that his prosecution of these cases would have upon his political future. Without a moment's hesitation, the Senator said to him, that he had no fear whatever from any such source, that this was an occasion that required of a lawyer moral courage, and that he proposed to assume the responsibility of doing his duty as he un- derstood it. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 497 "This generation understands very poorly- how much we are indebted to the course taken by Senator Wallace at that time. We have never had either before or since such a crisis as occurred at that time — 35 years ago. W. R. McPherson was sheriff. Wallace prepared his proclamation, which was issued and scat- tered broadcast throughout the county. He repudiated the idea that it was necessary to call for State troops, and acted upon the as- sumption that the police power of this county was adequate to compel obedience to the laws. There was perhaps never an instance when x lawyer of ability and experience, and with a large following in the county, had a better op- portunity to perfonn a great public and pro- fessional duty, and no man ever did perform such a duty more courageously and fearlessly than did Senator Wallace. It was a service similar to that which Franl.\. .IDll.N II. I-ATCIIIN AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 501 directors of this bani< : C. R. Houtz, of Philipsburg; James S. Moore, of Houts- dale; W. A. Gould, of Brisbin; H. W. Todd, of Philipsburg; John McLarren, of Osceola Mills; E. C. Blandy and Frank Craig, of Brisbin, Pa. This bank has always occupied its pres- ent site but in 1908 the old building was torn down and in its place was erected the present handsome two-story structure. It is finely finished, equipped with all modern conveniences and especially fitted for the banking business. This institution has made wonderful strides forward in the compara- tively short period of its existence and has paid its twelfth dividend. The surplus is $40,000 and the undivided profits total more than $4,000. T. C. Blandy, cashier of the above bank, was born at Osceola Mills, but when about eight years old was taken by his parents to Lewes, Dela., and from there to Hunting- don, Pa. In 1890 he entered the U. S. Naval Academy at Annapolis, Md., where he con- tinued for four years. In 1896 he returned to Osceola Mills where he has been in the banking business practically ever since. He was assistant cashier of the Osceola Bank- ing Company, a private enterprise, until 1902, when he was largely instrumental in the organization of the institution of which he now is cashier. HON. JOHN H. PATCHIN, manufac- turer of and dealer in all kinds of lumber and building supplies, at Burnside, Pa., president of the school board of this borough and for- merly a member of the state legislature, has been a resident of this place since 1903 and is one of its most active and aggressive public men. He was born at Patchinsville, Cleai^field county, Pa., April 9, 1868, and is a son of Aaron W. and Elizabeth (Barrett) Patchin. The latter survives, being now in her seventy- second year. The Patchin family is one of wealth and importance in Clearfield county and is largely connected. John H. Patchin is the third oldest in a family of seven children, the others being: Emma, who is the wife of H. P. Dowler, su- perintendent of the Pennsylvania Steel Com- pany, at Heihvood, Pa. ; Olive, who is the wife of Jno. N. Ake, who is a ship builder, at Camden, N. J.; Winnie, who is the wife of J. O. Clark, who is president of the National Bank at Glen Campbell, Pa. ; Flora, who is the wife of W. J. Dufton, who is in the hardware business at Clearfield; Carl E., who is in the lumber business at Burnside; and Ray C, who is a farmer near Patchinsville. John H. Patchin went from the public schools to Bucknell University, where he took a three-year course and then attended Lafay- ette College, at Easton, Pa. Mr. Patchin then entered into the lumber business with his father and during a part of this time was en- gaged in rafting on the Susquehanna river. In 1903 he came to Burnside and bought the saw-mill and lumber interests of Horace Patchin and is still managing an estate of 2.000 acres. Additionally he is interested in dealing in ship-building supplies, in partner- ship with his brother-in-law, at Camden, N. J., has oil properties in Oklahoma and is a di- rector of the First National Bank at Glen Campbell. In politics, Mr. Patchin is a Republican, and he is an active and loyal party worker. He served as a member of the Pennsylvania State Legislature for one tenn, 1894-5. Frater- 502 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY nally he is identified with the leading or- ganizations, belonging to the Blue Lodge and Chapter, Masons, at Clearfield; the Elks, at Clearfield; the Red Men at Glen Campbell ; and tlie Odd Fellows at Bum- side, being past master of this lodge. Mr. Patchin is unmarried. THOMAS GAFFEY, who, as the genial host of the Alpine House, situated on N. Brady Street, DuBois. Pa., enjoys a large voKime of patronage from the traveling pub- lic, has been a resident of this thriving bor- ough since 1883. He was born January 23, 1857, in Staffordshire, England, and is a son of Thomas and Bridget (Meakin) Gaffey. The parents of Mr. Gaffey were born in Ireland, where they were reared and mar- ried, shortly afterward moving to England. In 1867 tliey came to America and settled in Bradford county. Pa., where Thomas Gaffey died at the age of forty-seven years. They became the parents of nine children, namely: Michael, Thomas, Patrick, James, John, Luke, Mary, William, and Catherine. The last named is the wife of John Norton, and Mary is the wife of Peter Donahue. Michael and Patrick are deceased. For a number of years, Patrick, John, James, Luke, William, Mary and Catherine, were resi- dents of Osceola Mills, Clearfield county. The mother of the above-mentioned family is still living and is in the enjoyment of ex- cellent health. She is a devoted member of the Catholic church. Thomas Gaffey may be called a self-made man, for he has worked hard from boyhood and has earned all that he now owns. As soon as he had reached a sufficient age, he went to work in an English pottery, where, for a time he had employment every half day, attending school during the other half. He thus laid a foundation for an education and after he came to America he was am- bitious enough to attend night school after working hard all the day. He grew to man- hood in Bradford county, and there be- came a mine boy, working as a trapper in the Barkiey coal mines. From there, in 1879, he went to the mining sections of Iowa but remained only a short time, after which he secured a position at Steubenville, 0.. as a coal weigher. From there he went to Reynoldsville, Pa., still being in the coal business, and in 1883 came to DuBois, where he labored for a time in the mines. Later he was employed in a hotel here by James H. Hine, with whom he was in part- nership for one year. In 1889 he rented the Alpine House from his father-in-law, Wil- liam Melvin, and has conducted his business ever since under his own name. Mr. Gaf- fey has a centrally located, commodious and well kept house. He has twenty-two bed- rooms and all the other rooms also well fitted to make his guests comfortable. His rates are very reasonable, his charge being but $1.25 per day. In February, 1880, Mr. Gaffey was mar- ried to Miss Catherine Melvin, a daughter of William and Catherine Melvin. They are members of St. Catherine's Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat. He belongs to the Ancient Order of Hibernians and to the Elks; also is a member of the Hotel Men's ]\Iutual Benefit .Association; also chairman of executive committee, Clearfield County Liquor Dealers' Associa- tion. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 503 JOHN STEVENSON, who is superin- tendent of twelve mines in the vicinity of Madera, Clearfield county, Pa., and is the owner of a fine residence here, is an ex- perienced mine man, having been identified with mining since he was nine years old. He was born March 12, 1865, in Scotland, and is a son of Peter and Margaret (Cra- ney) Stevenson. Peter Stevenson was born in Scotland, a son of Peter Stevenson, and came to Amer- ica with his family in 1869. He was a coal miner, an honest, industrious man. His death occurred at Morrisdale, Clearfield county, where his widow still resides. They had the following children: John, Eliza- beth, Margaret, James, William and Thomas. Margaret is the wife of Frank Howe. John Stevenson attended school until he was nine years of age, at which time he was considered old enough to earn his own liv- ing and went to work as a mine boy. Coal mining has been his business ever since, and his present responsible position proves that he is a well qualified man in this line of work. On September 5, 1892, Mr. Stevenson was married to Mrs. Catherine (Sullivan) Welsh, the widow of Thomas Welsh, and a daugh- ter of Michael and Catherine (McCarthy) Sullivan. The parents of Mrs. Stevenson were born and married in Ireland and they had the following children born to them : Mary, who is deceased; Ellen, who is the wife of Daniel Parrel ; Michael, who is de- ceased ; Catherine, who is the wife of John Stevenson; Michael (2); Nora, who is the wife of Charles Van Gorder; Johanna, who is the widow of James Purcell; Jeremiah, who is deceased; Charles; Jeremiah (2); Margaret, who is the wife of James Struth- ers ; Sarah, who is the wife of Anthony Dunlevy; and Elizabeth, who is deceased. To Mrs. Stevenson's first marriage four daughters were born : Mary, Catherine, Nellie and Esther, Mary being the only sur- vivor. Mr. and Mrs. Stevenson have three children : Peter, John Lawrence and Mar- garet. They are members of the Catholic church. Mr. Stevenson gives his political support to the Republican party. He is a well known and highly respected citizen. WILLIAM W. McQUOWN, who has been a resident of Mahaffey, Pa., for the past quarter of a century, is senior member of the insurance and real estate firm of W. W^ McQuown & Son, of that town, and has also been prominent in local public afifairs for many years. He was born in February, 185 1, in Rayne township, Indiana county, Pa., a son of William and Margaret (Shields) McQuown, and a grandson of Colonel Shields, who held that rank during the War of 1812 and later became one of the leading farmers and lumbermen in In- diana county. William McQuown, the father of William W. McQuown, w^as also a native of Indiana county. Pa., from whence at the age of thirty- six years he enlisted in a Pennsylvania regi- ment for service during the Civil War, three months of his service being spent as a pris- oner in a Southern prison. Upon receiving his honorable discharge he returned to In- diana county, but several years later went with his family to a neighboring county, purchased a farm, and there spent the re- mainder of his life, his death occurring in 504 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1906, when he was eighty years of age. His wife passed away at Mahafifey when she was seventy-two years old. WilHam W. McQuown was reared in In- diana county, and after completing his edu- cation took up lumbering in Clearfield county. In 1885 he was elected justice of the peace on the Republican ticket, an of- fice which he held for twenty years, and in 1907 he was appointed postmaster at Ma- haffey. He has also acted in the capacity of clerk of the council for nine years, city au- ditor and member of the school board. For the past seven years he has been engaged in the real estate and insurance business, under the firm name of W. W. McQuown & Son. Fraternally he is connected with Ma- haffey Lodge No. 147. Knights of Pythias, and Clearfield Lodge Xo. 540, of the Elks. In 1875 Mr. McQuown was married to Miss Susan Schaffer, of Indiana county, Pa., and to this union there have been born ten children. William B. ; Emma, who prior to her marriage to J. H. Bilhart taught school for three years in Bell township; M. L., who married Miss Louise Buterbaugh; Esther, who married Joseph Hineman; Robert, who died at Mahafifey at the age of six years: Victor; Ulrica, a graduate of the public schools and the Lockhaven Normal School, who taught school for three years and is now assistant principal of the Ma- hafifey High School; Andrew; Stanley, who died at the age of one year; and Thomas \V. EDWARD H. WOOLRIDGE, sherifif of Clearfield county, Pa., is a member of one of the substantial old county families and was born in Bradford township, Clearfield county, August 12, i860. He is one of a family of eight children born to his parents, John and Jane M. (Hitamys) Woolridge, both of whom are now deceased. Edward H. Woolridge was reared in Bradford township and obtained his educa- tion in the public schools. His father was interested in lumbering, farming and stock raising and Mr. Woolridge engaged in the same industries and was actively concerned until he assumed the duties of his present office. His interests continue in this line although his personal attention has been withdrawn to a large degree since he was elected to the office of sherifif in November, 1909. In the administration of this office Sheriff Woolridge has displayed the care, patience, good judgment and intelligence that has made him successful as a business man. Mr. Woolridge was married to Miss Net- tie Wilson, who is a daughter of S. B. Wil- son, formerly county treasurer of Clearfield county. Sherifif and Mrs. Woolridge have three children: Ernest, Boyd C. and Orvis. He was reared in the Methodist Episcopal church. He has been an important factor in the ranks of the Republican party in Clearfield county for a number of years. ISAAC M. KESTER, general farmer, op- erating fifty-six acres of land which is situ- ated in Pike township, Clearfield county, Pa., at the edge of the borough of Curwensville, was born November i, 1853, at Lumber City, Pa., and is a son of I. M. and Mary (Winner) Kester. I. M. Kester was bom in Columbia county. Pa., and lived in Greenwood township, where he owned a farm of sixty-two acres. He was a Democrat and served in township offices at AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 505 different times, being a school director and for eleven years a justice of the peace. He mar- ried Mary Winner, who was born in Lyco- ming county, Pa., and they had eleven children born to them, eight of whom still live. They were good and virtuous people, consistent in their membership in the Society of Friends. 1. M. Kester died at the age of seventy-one years and his wife when aged seventy-six they were laid to rest in the Friend's Ceme- tery at Grampian. I. M. Kester taught school for six years. Isaac M. Kester was reared on the home farm and attended school in Greenwood town- ship. For six mondis following his marriage he worked in a grist mill at Grampian, having been taught the milling business, together with fanning, and engaged in the former in- dustry for ten years before settling on his present farm, the old Benjamin Bloom place, which had been owned by that pi- oneer, who was the grandfather of Mr. Kester's wife. On August 21, 1879, Isaac M. Kester was married to Miss Lydia Lucinda Bloom, a daughter of Thomas and Ruthanna (Walker) Bloom. A family of six children has been born to them, namely: Walker Bruce, who was born September 11, 1880, resides at Terre Haute, Ind., and married Gertrude Stannert, ■of Lewisburg; Thomas Vincent, born October 2, 1882, resides at Wilmington, Del., and mar- ried Ethel Pierce of Wilmington; Isaac Lynn, who resides at Curwensville, married Lydia Zilliox, of Curwensville; Rutherford Ross, born December 7, 1886, resides at Effingham, 111.; Benjamin Ellis, born June 13, 1889, lives at Wilmington, Del. ; Oscar Bloom, who was born October 16, 1892, died October 24, 1892, and his burial was in the Plain View ceme- tery. Mr. Kester and family are members of the Society of Friends and he is an elder in this body. He gives his political support to the Prohibition party. He is a man of sub- stantial standing in his neighborhood and has served his fellow citizens very acceptably in township offices, having been a school director for three years, road supervisor for two years and auditor for six years. He is secretary of the Plain View Cemetery Association. WILLIAM T. DE HAAS, county recorder and clerk of the courts of Clearfield county. Pa., is numbered with the representative men of this section, having been identified with the interests of Cleai-field county for almost forty years. He was born in Center county. Pa., August 20, 1858, and is one of a family of eight children born to his parents, Joseph M. and Sarah (Heckman) De Haas. On the pa- ternal side his family originated in Holland and a maternal great-great-grandfather was Edward Shippen, who was the first mayor of Philadelphia. The parents of Mr. De Haas are both now deceased. \\'illiam T. De Haas obtained his education in the public schools and, like his father, fol- lowed agricultural pursuits until he entered of- ficial life. He came to Clearfield county in 1873 and has been an active and useful citizen. In 1904 he was first elected county recorder, on the Republican ticket, and in 1907 was re- elected with an increased majority. Mr. De Haas married Miss Virginia Lyles, a daughter of the late James Lyles, of Clear- field, and they have two children, Clara and Lulu B. The family attends the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. De Haas is identified with the Clearfield Grange and belongs also to the Masonic fraternity. 506 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY REUBEN HEGARTY, who maintains his home in the pleasant village of Madera, Pa., owns fifty-two acres of valuable land on the outskirts, in Bigler township, from which coal has been taken in large quantities since 1900. He was born in Bcccaria township, Clearfield county, Pa., July 22, 1845, and is a son of William and Jemima (Dunlap) Hegarty. William Hegarty was born October 11, 1806, in Ireland, and he was married to Jem- ima Uunlap, Janujiry 26, 1841. They had seven children, namely : Eliza, born October 19, 1841 ; Isaac, born January 15, 1843; Reu- ben; Susanna, born December 25, 1847; Sarah J., born June 24, 185 1; Adaline, bom March 4, 1854; and Haruiah C, born July 20, 1856. Reuben Hegarty grew to manhood on the old home farm and attended the country schools. He learned the principles of farming and also the carpenter trade and also worked in the woods as a jobber. He was gifted by Nature with an aptness for mechanics and to- gether witli other occupations he has worked as a civil engineer on the Coal Run Branch Railroad, for the Wallace & Reading Railroad Coni])any. He has invented a number of use- ful articles and one of these, patented and on the market, is an improved measuring pole, and another a folding extension table. Since his marriage, in 1871, he has mainly followed contracting and building at Madera. Mr. Hegarty married Miss Susan Phebe Davis, who was born at Kerrmoor, Clearfield county. May 30. 1852, a daugliter of Thomas C. and Rebecca ( Kooser) Davis, who were mar- ried in 1849. Mrs. Hegarty had one brother and two sisters: William C, deceased, Mary and Laura. The father was a native of Clarion county and the mother of Somerset county. Mr. and Mrs. Hegarty attend the Presbyte- rian church. He is identified fraternally with the Odd Fellows and politically with the Re- publican party. Mr. Hegarty was one of the original men to tr)' to make Madera a borough, he devot- ing both time and money with that end in view. HARRISON HAYES SWEENEY, post- master at Houtzdale, Pa., has been a resident of this borough for thirty years and for the past twenty-five years has been associated with his father in tlie furniture and undertak- ing business. He was born at Powelton, Cen- ter county, Pa., June 2, 1872, and is a son of John and Marj' (Hayes) Sweeney. John Sweeney was born in Ireland in 1836 and learned the cabinet-making trade in his own land. In 1863 he embarked for the United States and safely reached America after a voyage of six weeks and three days. He found work at his trade in the city of Pliiladelphia. where he remained for two years and then moved to Broad Top, Hunt- ingdon county, and in 1873 from there to Houtzdale. where he embarked in the under- taking and furniture business. His records show tiiat he has conducted more burials than any other undertaker in the same length of time, in all Clearfield county. He married Mrs. Mary (Hayes) Corbin, in 1869, who was the widow of Jesse Corbin, who had been superintendent of schools in Center county. She was born in Blair county and was but six years old when she was left an orphan. Three children were born to l\Ir. and Mrs. Corbin: Clara, a Mrs. Hayes, who li\'es at Glen Camp- bell; B. M., who is a conductor on the Middle Division of the Pennsylvania Railroad, at Al- toona; and Nettie, who is the wife of Dr. D. S. Rice, a noted physician of Clearfield county. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 507 To Mr. and Mrs. Sweeney the following chil- dren were bom: Minnie, who is the wife of J. R. Cornelius, of Patton, Pa. ; Harrison Hayes; and Nellie, who is assistant postmis- tress and is associated also in the undertaking business. Harrison Hayes Sweeney was reared at Houtzdale and is a graduate of the Houtzdale High School and also of Duff's Business Col- lege, at Pittsburg. Prior to settling perma- nently in the borough, he was on the road for seven years for John Murphy & Co., in vinder- taking supplies and also taught embalming, being a graduate of an embalming school. He is not only a very enterprising and reliable business man but he has been active in public affairs at Houtzdale, where he served for six years as a member of the council, during five years of the period being its president, an un- usual honor. He has been a member of the school board for the past two years and in February, 191 1, was appointed postmaster at Houtzdale. He is identified with the Repub- ican party, and is in close touch with party organizers. Mr. Sweeney was married in January, 1906, to Miss Alice Gleason. who was bom and reared at Houtzdale, and is a daughter of Andrew Gleason, who was one of the old and successful merchants of this place. Mr. and Mrs. Sweeney have had three children, but one of whom survives, John Burke, a sturdy little lad of two years. Mr. and Mrs. Sweeney are active members of the Methodist Episco- pal church and Mr. Sweeney is an interested and interesting teacher in the Sunday-school. He is identified fraternally with a number of organizations, including the Knights of Py- thias, the Brotherhood of America, the P. O. S. of A., the Elks at Clearfield, and the I. O. R. M. at Brisbin, together with the United Commercial Travelers, of Clarksburg, W. Va. He is a charter member of Fire Company No. I, at Houtzdale. Personally Mr. Sweeney is of frank and engaging manner and as a public official cannot fail to meet with the approba- tion of his fellow citizens. JOE BENSINGER, proprietor of the Commercial Hotel, at DuBois, Pa., is one of the prominent hotel men of the state and has been interested in this business for many years. He was born at Middleport, Schuylkill county. Pa., June 2(S, 1849, and is a son of Charles and Tena (Kleckner) Bensinger. Charles Bensinger was born in Schuylkill county, Pa., a son of Jacob Bensinger, who was a pensioner of the Revolutionary war. By trade, Charles Bensinger was a tailor. His death occurred at the home of his son, Joe Bensinger, in September, 19 10, at the age of eighty-eight years. He married Tena Kleck- ner, who Avas born and died in Schuylkill county. Her father, Colonel Kleckner, was also a pensioner of the Revolutionary war. Of their children, three died young, the others be- ing as follows: Sarah, who is the wife of Theodore Hammer, resides in Philadelphia; Joe; John C, at Stroudsburg, Pa. ; Emily, who is the wife of Jacob Olhousen, of Philadel- phia; Louisa, who is the widow of David Stull, of DuBois; Howard O., who is de- ceased (was musical director of his regiment in the Spanish-American war, enlisting at Du- Bois) ; and Ida, who is the wife of E. Fred Vosburg, of DuBois. Joe Bensinger was educated in the public schools and the State Normal School at Mil- lersburg, after which he taught school for one winter and then went to work in the oil re- 508 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY gions, becoming clerk for .Mr. Miller, mana- ger of the American House, at Titusville. That was his introduction to the hotel busi- ness and from that time he has been more or less identified with ilie same until the present. I->om Titusville he went to Bradford and there went into the newspaper business, showing a great deal of enterprise. He established and edited a daily paper, the Bradford Evening Times, and also a weekly, the Sunday Mail, for three years, making both first class prop- erties before he sold out in order to come to DuBois, at the earnest solicitation of the late John DuBois. He became a resident of Du- Bois in January, 1886, taking over the man- agement of the DuBois Hotel, on the east side, where he continued until 1887, when he ac- cepted an excellent offer at Pittsburg and took the management of the Colonial Hotel Annex, and remained several years in the hotel busi- ness in tliat city. He had retained many pleas- ant recollections of DuBois and had the busi- ness faculty to foresee the subsequent devel- opment of the place, therefore, he returned and in 1889 opened the Commercial Hotel, which he conducted until 1896, it then being a two-story brick structure, having forty rooms. In 1896 he sold and went then to Kittanning, Pa., where he conducted the Ho- tel Alexander for three years, after which he built the Lincoln Hotel, at Lancaster, Pa., op- erating it for two years. In 1901 Mr. Ben- singer again returned to DuBois, bought the Commercial Hotel property and immediately began its enlargement and improvement. It is now four stories in height, having 100 rooms and is equipped with all modern con- veniences. Mr. Bensinger's rates are $2, $2.50, and $3 per day. Although during the rebuilding a part of the structure was unin- habitable, Mr. Eensinger thoughtfully pro- vided for the comfort of his guests and not a single ineal was eliminated. Mr. Bensinger was one of the organizers of the Pennsylvania State Hotel Men's Association and at differ- ent times has ser\'ed as president of this body. He is chairman of the e.xecutive committee, the working body of the organization. Mr. Bensinger has other claims to popularity. He is known far and wide as an orator and after- dinner speaker, and being gifted with a ready wit and overflowing, kindly humor, he is in great demand at many gatherings. On May 28, 1881, Mr. Bensinger was mar- ried to Louise Lorenz, of Clarion county. Pa., and they have an adopted son, James L. In politics, Mr. Bensinger is a Republican but his business responsibilities have always been too numerous to permit him to accept office. Since 1889 he has been a member of the Elks and for many years has been prominent as a Ma- son, belonging to the Blue Lodge and Com- mandery at DuBois; the Chapter at Brackville, Pa. ; and the Consistory, Shrine and Masonic Veterans' Association, at Pittsburg. PROF. HERBERT G. MEANS, who is the able and progressive principal of the schools of Madera, Clearfield county. Pa., and. a candidate for the office of county superintendent, is well known over Clear- field county as an educator. He was born in October, 1879, at DuBois, Pa., and is a son of George and Elizabeth (Stewart) Means. George Means, who is now a retired citi- zen of Punxatawney, Pa., was born in Penn- sylvania and is a son of Foster Means. For a number of years he was in the lumber business and was also in the mail service. Ml;. AM) -Ml;S. AMOS lidNSAI.I. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 511 He married Elizabeth Stewart, who died in December, 1907. They had the following children born to them : Effie, who is the wife of Clayton Sprankle; William N. ; Her- bert G., and Mabel. Herbert G. Means was educated in the public schools. Slippery Rock Normal School, and Grove City College, graduating from the first named in the class of 1902 and receiving his degree of Ph. B. in 1907. Prior to this, however, he had taught school for two years in Jefferson county and after graduation he returned to Jefferson county and taught for one year at Fordham, one year at Rossburg and two years at Eleanor. For three years afterward he served as dis- trict superintendent of the schools of Sandy township, Clearfield county, and then took charge of the Madera schools. During the three years that Prof. Means has been at the head of the schools of this borough, he has advanced scholarship and placed these schools on a par with any in the county. He is an enthusiastic worker and knows how to inspire others. In June, 1904, Mr. Means was married to Miss Ethel Condron, a daughter of AVilliam and Catherine (Jewart) ■ Condron, natives of Indiana county, but at present residents of Jefferson county. Their family is made up of two daughters : Ethel and Mildred, the latter of whom is the wife of David Straitiff. Prof. Means and wife have two children: Fenton, born in January, 1906; and Winnifred, born in March, 1908. They are members of the Lutheran church of Du- Bois. In his political views. Prof. Means is a Republican. He belongs to the P. O. S. of A., an organization that claims a large and representative membership in this section. JAMES H. KELLEY, district attorney of Clearfield county, Pa., serving his second tenn in this office, is a native of Clearfield county and was born October 4, 1852. His parents were James M. and Mary (Horton) Kelley, and he is the only survivor of the family. James H. Kelley attended the public schools in boyhood and later enjoyed academic advan- tages. After deceiding upon the law as a ca- reer, he became a student under Senator Wal- lace, Judge Clark and Frank Fielding and was admitted to the bar on January 14, 1884. He very soon became a recognized force both in his profession and also in political circles. In 1906 he was elected district attorney on the Republican ticket and was re-elected in 1909. His administration of the office has distin- guished him as a man of more than the ordi- naiy ability, and he is pursuing in his second term the same honorable methods which marked his first and is thereby adding to the esteem in which he is held by his fellow citi- zens. Mr. Kelley married Miss Ida Palmer, a daughter of the late Nathan Palmer, of Washington county, and they have two chil- dren: William P., who is engaged in the oil business; and Mary, who is the wife of Reu- ben F. Nevling, of Clearfield county. Mr. Kelley and family are members of the Presby- terian church. The pleasant family home is situated at No. 312 E. Market street, Clear- field. AMOS BONSALL, a retired fanner, re- siding in Brady township, Clearfield county, Pa., on his valuable fami of 161 acres, near Troutville, is one of the most venerable resi- dents of this section and one of the most 512 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY highly esteemed. He has spent almost his en- tire life in Brady township but was born in Perry county, Pa., August 31, 1822, and was brought here when two years, two months and sixteen days old. His parents were Benjamin and Maria (Fowler) Bonsall. Benjamin Bonsall was a tanner in his early manhood, in Perry county, where he also cleared up considerable land and engaged in farming. In 1824 he brought his family to Clearfield county and bought a fami in Brady township, near Luthersburg, where he spent the remainder of his life. Benjamin Bonsall and his wife and youngest son Reuben died witliin si.x weeks. They were the parents of eleven children, as follows: Rebecca, John, Jackson. Sarah, Amos, Jane, Emily, Joseph, Anna Maria, Reuben and Louisa, the last named being the wife of Adam Foust of Du- Bois. She and her brother Amos are the only sun'ivors of tiiis large family. Amos Bonsall had but meager school ad- vantages in his youth. The family was a growing one and there was a great deal of necessary work to be done on the farm and very early Mr. Bonsall and his older brothers, John and Jackson, were able to be of great assistance to their father. Farming in the summer time and lumbering in the winter sea- sons in large degree filled up the measure of Mr. Bonsall's time prior to his marriage, after which he left the homestead and bought a farm of fifty-two acres at Coal Hill. After clearing one-half of that land he sold it and bought the farm on which lie still resides, it having previously been the property of his father-in-law, Jacob Kuntz. Mr. Bonsall paid $1,300 for the 161 acres, which was then un- derlaid with coal which he subsequently sold for $87.50 per acre. He also realized a large sum from the sale of timber. In 1857 he built his comfortable farm-house. Recently he has disposed of his interests to his son Jackson Bonsall, with whom he now resides. On January 25, 1849, Mr. Bonsall was mar- ried to Miss Catherine Kuntz, who was born in Germany and came to America with her parents in childhood. She lived to be eighty years of age. Mr. and Mrs. Bonsall had ten children: three died in infancy; the others were: Jacob L., Susanna (deceased), Sarah (deceased) ; Mary, wife of Jonas Peifer; Vina, wife of George H. Weber, and Jackson. Mr. Bonsall has a number of grandchildren and even great-grandchildren and takes much pleasure in viewing such a vigorous lot of de- scendants. For many years Mr. Bonsall has not taken much interest in public matters although he never fails to cast his vote for the candidates of the Democratic party. In earlier years, however, he was considered one of the reliable men when it came to appointments to office and it is related that in 1848, against his own wishes, he was made constable of Brady town- ship and while serving in that capacity it be- came his duty to take Lorrin Solliman to Clearfield, on a charge of murder. It created a great excitement, as that was the first mur- der ca.se ever tried in the county. Mr. Bon- sall is 9 valued member of tiie Lutheran church. THADDEUS IRELAND, whose well im- proved farm of too acres is situated seven and three-fourth miles north of Clearfield, Pa., has been a continuous resident of this county since 1885 and is a representative and respected citizen of Goshen township. He was bom in Washington county. Me., June 22, 1855, and AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 513 is a son of Abraham and Mary (Henderson) Ireland. Abraham Ireland and wife were both na- tives of Maine and he still resides in Wash- ington county, now aged eighty-eight years, but nevertheless hale, hearty and useful. He is still interested to some degree in farming and lumbering. He married Mary Hender- son, who died in 1864, and they had the fol- lowing children bom to them : Edward ; Amanda, who is now deceased (was the wife of Samuel Rankin) ; Emma, who is the wife of Alexander Rankin, of North Bend, Clinton county. Pa. ; Oran, who resides in Montana ; Elizabeth, who died at the age of eight years ; Nancy, who succumbed to diphtheria at the same age; and Thaddeus, of Clearfield county. The mother of the above family was a mem- ber of the Baptist church while the father has always attended the Methodist Episcopal body. Thaddeus Ireland knows a great deal about lumbering, having worked in the woods of his native state after his school days were over, and later, after coming to Clearfield county in 1879, '" the lumber regions in this section. For one year after marriage he lived in Clin- ton county, Pa., and then bought his present farm, formerly the property of D. Cyphers. He found about fifteen acres cleared and a barn on the place, and all the subsequent clearing Mr. Ireland has done for himself. He has erected other substantial buildings and has a very comfortable home as well as valuable land. It may be more valuable than he knows, as no tests have yet been made for coal. On July 4, 1883, Mr. Ireland was married to Miss Jennie Sankey, a daughter of John and Laura Sankey, well known residents of Goshen township. The family of Thaddeus and Jennie Ireland are as follows : Julia, wife of Ernest Wilson (they have four children — Amanda, Irwin, Margaret and Wayne) ; Clayton, who died at the age of three months; Bessie, wife of Charles Young (they have two children — Doris and Erma) ; Gray, Ada, John, Ora, Elon, Leda, Mitchell, Heichhold, A. T. Theodore, N. L. Neal, Loris, and Omas. Mr. Ireland and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Repub- lican and on the ticket of that party has fre- quently been elected to important township ofiices. as supervisor and judge of elections. He belongs to the Goshen Grange and takes an interest in agricultural progress. JOHN VEESER, a reliable and prosper- ous business man of Madera, who is one- half owner and proprietor of the Veeser Brothers Brewery, which is located on the Houtzdale road, about one and one-half miles from Madera, Pa., was born Decem- ber 22, 1857, in Germany. His parents, Thomas and Julia Veeser never came to America. They had the following children: Mary, who is the wife of Charles Mussgung; Cecelia; Elizabeth; and Andrew, who died in August, 1908, survived by his widow, who was formerly Elizabeth Dett, and two children. Julia and John E. John Veeser came to the United States in 1 88 1. He had few educational chances as he went to work in a brewery when only thirteen years of age, but he learned this business very thoroughly, and has engaged in it all his mature life. He spent some ten years mainly in Allegheny county, and came to Madera in 1891 and worked at the plant of which he is nov/ half owner, for two years before he and his brother, An- 514 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY drew, bought it. They conducted it under the name of Veeser Brothers and the name has not been changed since Andrew's death, his widow and children still retaining the half interest. The plant was built in 1887 and became the property of the Veesers in 1894, when they obtained their first license. Three acres of land surrpund the brewery. The output is 1500 barrels of beer a year and two men are gi\en employment all the time. John Veeser has never married. He was reared in the Catholic faith and belongs to St. Lawrence Catholic church at Houtsdale. In politics he is nominally a Democrat, but exercises his own judgment to a large de- gree when casting his vote. JOHN HARRIS, deceased, spent a quiet, useful, industrious life. For many years he was a respected citizen of Clear- field County, Pa., to which he came when thirty years of age, and faced many dif- ficulties and hardships with Scottish stoi- cism. He was born at Glasgow, Scotland, in 1810. and like every Scotch youth, was sent regularly to school. In 1840 John Harris settled in Clearfield County, Pa., having been attracted to this region on account of its mining possibil- ities, and for many years afterward he was engaged in mining for both coal and iron ore in the Karthaus mines. Later in life he moved to Brookville, where he died in 1853. He followed farming also in Clear- field County, but his main business in life, — the one in which he had been trained — was mining. In Bradford Township, Clearfield County, Pa., in 1842, Mr. Harris was mar- ried to Miss Eleanor Graham, who was born in Center County and was a daughter of Francis and Jane (Boggs) Graham, and a granddaughter of Judge James Boggs, of the Center County Bench. Mrs. Harris died at Polk Furnace, Clarion County, Pa., in 1849. She left three sons: Joseph, Rob- ert Bruce, and Frank G. Of these sons, Joseph died in April, 1870. Frank G. is one of Clearfield County's most prominent citizens, formerly a member of the State Legislature and also state treasurer. Rob- ert Bruce has been identified with the oil industry for many years and in his pros- pecting trips has visited many lands, and as a representative of an English syndicate, spent some time near the Caspian and Red Seas. In 185 1 John Harris was married a sec- ond time. This lady was Miss Eliza Scott, of Brookville, Pa., who survived him for some time and died at Brookville. GEORGE W. WALKER, a well known res- ident of Brisbin, Clearfield County, Pa., was bom at Snow Shoe, Center County, Pa., June 17, 1859, and is a son of James and Mary (Hirsh) Walker. George W. Walker was reared at Snow Shoe and accompanied the family from there to Houtzdale and then to Brisbin. where he has resided for a number of years. He was mar- ried Januan,- i, 1883, to Miss Mandaine Do- herty, who was bom at St. Johns, New Bmns- wick, and is a daughter of John and Sarah (Taylor) Doherty. John Doherty was born in Canada and his mother's maiden name was Blackmore. When he was nine years old he was sent to England to live with an aunt, Mrs. Kelly, a lady who AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 515 had large estates there. Probably he would have been her heir as she entrusted her affairs to him and treated him well, but he grew home- sick and returned to Canada as a stowaway on a vessel. He married in Canada and lived there until 1881, when he came to the United States and located at Brisbin. He was a filer and saw hammerer by trade and his business was an important one in the days when lumber- ing was carried on so extensively and tools were yet fashioned by hand. He was a man of robust constitution and lived to be eighty years of age. When he was seventy-five years old he was still capable of hard work and could earn as high as $4.50 a day at his trade. His death occurred November 3, 1908. He mar- ried Sarah Taylor, who was a daughter of Abraham and Matilda (Stover) Taylor, her father being a cousin of Zachery Taylor, who was once President of the United States. Al- though Mrs. Doherty was born in Canada her people on both sides were of Pennsylvania Dutch extraction. Both of her grandfathers were Revolutionary soldiers, hence she was eligible, as are her daughters, to the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolulion. She survived her husband for two years, pass- ing away September 4, 1910, at the age of eighty-two years. To John and Sarah Do- herty, three children were bom, namely : Mandaine, who is Mrs. George W. Walker, Willard, who lives at Williamsport, Pa. ; and Maud, who is the wife of S. N. Hewlett, civil and mining engineer for the Lackawanna Coal and Coke Company, at Wehr, Ind. Mr. and Mrs. Walker have had six children, as follows: John Doherty, who was born October 7, 1883, and is superintendent for E. J. Walker & Co., large coal operators ; Benjamin F., who was born March 13, 1885, died aged eight years; Urania, who was born January i, 1887, mar- ried T. B. Lobb and they have one daughter, Eleanor; Wallace, who was born October 3, 1888, died a babe of two months; Willard, who was born September 15, 1890, is pursu- ing an electrical engineering course at the Car- negie Technical School at Pittsburg and evi- dently possesses unusual mechanical skill ; and Maud, who was bom June 17, 1893, and is a student in the Brisbin High School. The fam- ily belongs to the Baptist church. John D. Walker is a member of the Patriotic Order Sons of America. ISAAC STRAW, proprietor of a large general merca'ntile business at Westover, where he is also largely interested in lum- ber, was born in Ferguson township, Clear- field county. Pa., Nov. 14, 1863. His par- ents were Enoch I. and Mary H. (Wil- liams) Straw, and he is a grandson of Joseph Straw, who came here as a pioneer settler from Center county. The grand- father, who married M. Thompson, was engaged in lumbering as his life occupa- tion. Enoch I. Straw was born in Clearfield county and followed farming and lumber- ing all his life, dying in the year 1900. He was a member of the Baptist church. In politics he was a Democrat and at differ- ent times held local office, serving as col- lector and also on the school board. His wife Mary was the daughter of George Williams of Center county, her mother's maiden name being Wagoner. Of their family, in addition to our subject, there are now living the following children : Lydia, who resides with her brother Isaac; Laura Belle, who is the wife of John McKugan 516 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY of Jordan township; and Hattie, wife of Or- lando Williams, residing on the old home farm. Isaac Straw after completing his school attendance as a scholar, taught school for three terms from the age of 20 years, nine months of this time being spent in New Washington. In 1887 he came to West- over, becoming a partner in the firm of Michaels & Straw, general merchandise business. Later Mr. Straw bought out his partner and has conducted the business alone up to the present time. His is one of the largest supply stores in this part of the county and in its operation Mr. Straw has shown excellent business capacity. Mr. Straw is a charter member and is on the advisory board of the Order of Unity of Pittsburg, which was organized in 1906. He was also one of the organizers and di- rectors and for two years vice-president of the Farmers & Travelers National Bank of Clearfield, which was organized in 1907. Of the Reading Life Insurance Company of Reading, which was organized in 1909, Mr. Straw was one of the charter stockholders and directors. He is also interested in lum- bering to quite an extent and has large farming interests in this vicinity. He is member of the Grange at Harmony, Pa. A Democrat politically, he has served on the borough school board four terms, and is now auditor, serving his fourth term in this office. He takes an active part in pub- lic affairs and is in every way a useful and progresive citizen. Mr. Straw married Miss Mary Walls of Cherry Tree, and of this union there is one son. Clay M., born June 17, 1893, who is now a student at Juniata college, Hunting- don, Pa. J. A. SLAUGHENHOUPT. a leading citizen of DuBois, Pa., formerly president of the DuBois Business Men's Asociation, is proprietor of a large grocery store at DuBois, of which place he has been a resi- dent since 1886. He was born on his fath- er's farm in Clarion County, Pa., Septem- ber 10, 1861, and is a son of Harrison and Catherine (Wiant) Slaughenhoupt. Harrison Slaughenhoupt and wife were born in Clarion County and were members of old pioneer families that had come to that section from east of the Allegheny Mountains. Harrison Slaughenhoupt was engaged in farming and stock raising during his active years and then retired and he and wife reside in a comfortable home at Rimersburg, Pa. Five children were born to them, namely: James Milton, of Irwin, Pa.; Jacob Alvin, of DuBois; Hannah Mary, w'ife of W. T. Harley, of Sheffield. Pa.; William H., of Oakmont, Pa., and Lawson Merle. Jacob .Alvin Slaughenhoupt remained at home until he was seventeen years of age, in the meanwhile assisting his father and attending the district school situated some three miles from the homestead. When he started out for himself he first found em- ployment with neighboring farmers, after which he worked on the grading of the nar- row-gauge railroad then being constructed between Foxi)urg and Kane. Pa. Two vears later he went to Brookville and there engaged in teaming and was married there in 1884 and shortly afterward rented a AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 517 farm in Jefferson County, which he culti- vated for one year. After a prospecting tour in Florida, he returned to Pennsyl- vania and in the fall of 1886 settled at Du- Bios and for the five succeeding years was in the employ of John DuBois in the log- ging camps in the lumber regions. In 1891, he went into railroad work and for two years worked as fireman on the B. R. & P. Railroad. Mr. Slaughenhoupt then made his first independent business venture, em- barking in the dairy business which he con- ducted until 1895, when he had the oppor- tunity of buying the already established grocery business of M. Manthe, of which he took advantage. This store is very fa- vorably located for business purposes, at No. 42 S. Brady Street, almost opposite the post office. He carries a large and care- fully selected stock of both staple and fancy groceries and enjoys a substantial trade. He owns additionally a half interest in the Keesage meat market on S. Brady Street and is a stockholder in the Union Banking and Trust Company as well as in the United Electric and Traction Company. Starting out with no capital, Mr. Slaughen- houpt has acomplished much and now oc- cupies a position of trust and confidence among his fellow citizens which is justi- fiable. He has always taken a thoroughly good citizen's interest in the welfare and advancement of DuBois and has identified himself with those civic bodies which work for such results. He was president of the DuBois Business Men's Asociation in 1908 and 1909. In politics he is a Democrat. On February 26, 1884, Mr. Slaughenhoupt was married to Miss Anna Parry, a daugh- ter of Henry and Hannah Parry, of Snyder Township, Jefferson County, and they have had five children, namely : Clyde, who as- sists his father in the grocery store, and married Laura McPherson ; Bessie E., who married William Newmyer; and Lena May, Hannah C. and Anna May. The family be- long to the Reformed church. Mr. Slaugh- enhoupt is a charter member of the order of American Mechanics at DuBois and be- longs also to the Odd Fellows and Ma- sons, in the latter fraternity being a mem- ber of the Blue Lodge at DuBois, the Chap- ter at Brookville, the Consistory at Wil- liamsport and the Shrine at Altoona. JOSEPH G. HIGGINS, one of the well known citizens of Bigler Township, Clearfield County, Pa., where he owns seventeen and three-fourths acres of well cultivated land and carries on farming and also coopering, was born July 3, 1839, in Oxford County, Me., and is a son of Ivory and Mary (Hunt) Higgins. The parents of Mr. Higgins spent their lives in Maine, where the father was a farmer and also a lumberman. They were highly respect- ed and well known people. To them were born children as follows : Ivory, George, Em- eline, Caroline, Debora, Joseph G., Sydney, Osburn, Charles, Ellen, Eben and Hannah. Joseph G. Higgins attended school in the neighborhood of his home when a boy and then learned the cooper trade which he fol- lowed as his main occupation as long as it was profitable. In 1903 he purchased his present place from Joseph Kitko. In 1865 Mr. Higgins was married to Miss Mary Johnston, a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Shultz) Johnston, who were na- tives of Huntingdon County, Pa. Mrs. Hig- gins was the sixth bom in a family of eleven 518 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY children, the others being: James, John, Da- vid, Sarah, Hannah, Samuel, Jane, William. Nancy and Ellen. To Mr. and Mrs. Higginb the following children were bom: Orlanda, who is deceased; Josephine, who is deceased, was the wife of Joel Comely; Luella, who is deceased ; Stella ; Gertrade, who is the wife of George Richards; and Maude, who is the wife of Alfred A. Packer. Wherever he has lived, Mr. Higgins has been an active and useful citizen and his ster- ling qualities have been recognized. While liv- ing in Woodward Township he was frequently elected to office and served as constable there for eleven years, and after coming to Bigler Township he was again elected to office and served two years as supervisor, two temis as school director and two years as road master. Witli his family he attends the Presbyterian church. MRS. MARY C. McDONALD, widow of Williain Henry McDonald, and daughter of David J. and Keziah (Wilson) Cathcart, re- sides on her valuable farm of ii6 acres, sit- uated in Knox township, Clearfield County, Pa., in which section she is well and favorably known. Her father was born in Ireland and was ten years old when he came to America, landing at New York. After his marriage he and his wife lived in Clearfield County, Pa., where all of their children were bom. Mary C. Cathcart remained with her par- ents until her marriage. She attended the Turkey Hill School near her home three months in the year, during girlhood and later had the advantages of one term in the Jordan Township school and one term at Centerville. In January, 1862, she was married to William Henry McDonald. He was bom in Indiana County, Pa., a spn of Robert and Lydia ( Potts) McDonald, with whom he moved to Jefferson County, settling on a farm, farming and stock- raising being his business through life. On June 2j, 1862, he enlisted for service in the Civil War, but returned home in March, 1863, on account of an attack of typhoid fever. Sub- sequently he was drafted but did not again face the hardships of a soldier's life, hiring a sub- stitute who took his place. For sixteen years he resided in Jefferson County, having previ- ously lived in Clearfield County after marriage and there Mr. and Mrs. McDonald's oldest son was bom, John W. He was married first to Elizabeth Dougherty and after her death to Anna Sours Donahue. For some years he en- gaged in lumbering in Elk and Potter Coun- ties and then located in Tioga County, where he is in the hotel business. After Mr. and Mrs. McDonald moved to Jefferson County the first time, four children were torn, namely: David Aaron, William Henry, Daniel Alfred and David Austin. They then moved to Indiana County and while liv- ing there two more children were born, namely : Reuben M. and Dessa Ellen. They returned to Jefferson County, where James Amiand, the youngest son was bom. In April, 1879, Mr. McDonald and family came to Knox Town- ship, Clearfield County, where he bought the present homestead and with the help of his sons, cleared almost the whole of it He made many improvements and built the present substantial iwrn. Mr. McDonald was a highly respected citizen of Knox Township, a man of good business capacity, of honorable char- acter and of a kind and friendly nature. He was a Democrat in his political views but never accepted any public office except that of school director, and l)elonged to no organization ejj- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 519 cept the Grand Army of the Republic. His death occurred November 8, 1904, at the age of sixty-four years and his burial was in the Mt. Zion Cemetery attached to the Methodist Episcopal church in Knox Township. Since the death of her husband, Mrs. Mc- Donald and her son, William Henry McDonald, manage the farm very successfully, carrying on general agriculture. Mrs. McDonald has a very pleasant home, keeping everything in good repair, and takes pleasure in hospitably enter- taining her many friends. A coal bank on the farm is profitably worked and there is also a valuable clay deposit. Mrs. McDonald is a member of Mt. Zion Methodist Episcopal Church and is deeply interested in its mission and charitable work. S. J. WATERWORTH, M. D., who oc- cupies a prominent position among the medical practitioners of Clearfield County, Pa., and for the past seventeen years has been a resident of Clearfield, was born at Baltimore, Md., in 1872, and is a son of James Murray and Catherine (Lee) Water- worth. Both parents of Dr. Waterworth were born at Baltimore, where their lives were spent. The father died in 1890, at the age of fifty-five years ; the mother is still living. There were but two sons, S. J. and James Murray, the latter of whom died in childhood. S. J. Waterworth, in 1890, entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore, where he was graduated in 1893. He immediately entered into practice, se- lecting Jefiferson County and in 1894 came from there to Clearfield. Dr. W^aterworth was married in 1898, to Miss Catherine Cunningham. A. R. VAN TASSEL, president of the Union Banking and Trust Company, at DuBois, Pa., having also other important business interests at this place, resides on his magnificent stock farm, a tract of 300 acres, situated near DuBois, in Clearfield County, Pa. Mr. Van Tassel has been a resident of DuBois since 1884 but he was born in the city of New York, March 31, 1853, of Holland ancestry. Mr. Van Tassel was educated in the pub- lic and in a select school at Brooklyn, N. Y., and when he reached manhood he learned the tanning business and served an appren- ticeship to it at Woburn, Mass. Subse- quently he established a small tannery of his own, at Boliver, N. Y., which he sold in 1884 and then came to DuBois, where he entered into partnership with a brother and John DuBois, in the tanning business, which was carried on until 1899 under the firm style of DuBois & Van Tassel Bros. In the above year A. R. Van Tassel retired from the firm and erected his own tannery which has become one of the large indus- trial plants of the town, employment being given to from seventy-five to 100 men. This private enterprise, as others in which Mr. Van Tassel is interested, has been of public importance to the place, affording remunerative work to a large body of skilled men, serving to solidify capital here and also to exploit DuBois as a favorable point for business investment. Mr. Van Tassel was one of the organizers of the Union Banking and Trust Company, of which he has been president ever since its founding. In 1879 Mr. Van Tassel was married first to Miss Jennie Thomas, who died in New 520 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY York. She is survived by one son, Stephen T., who is associated with his father in business. In 1893 Mr. Van Tassel was mar- ried second, to Miss Alice Henderson, and they have three children, Blanche, Hender- son and Lillian. The family home. Hill- crest Farm, is one of the largest and most valuable stock farms in Clearfield County. Mr. Van Tassel gives special attention here to the breeding of Morgan horses. He has exhibited at numerous fairs and stock shows and has won innumerable blue ribbons and cups, the latest triumph in this line being one of his stud. Bob Morgan, won a blue ribbon at the Madison Square Garden exhibition, in 1910. The new residence erected by Mr. Van Tassel, on Hillcrest Farm, is beautifully located and is equipped with all modern comforts and conveniences. Mr. Van Tassel and family attend the Pres- byterian church. A Republican from prin- ciple, he gives his political support to that party but has never consented to permit his name to be used for ofifice. He is iden- tified with the Masonic fraternity, and is one of the charter members of the Acorn Club, a social club of DuBois, Pa. A. P. STEPHENS, a representative busi- ness man of Houtzdale, Pa., well known in the retail Uiniber trade, has been a resident of this borough since 1886. He was bom June 6, 1850, at Port Matilda, in Worth "Township, Center County. Pa., and is a son of Samuel and Susan (Gill) Stephens. Samuel Stephens was a son of John Ste- phens, who moved from Center County to Ohio previously to his death. Samuel Ste- phens mainly followed lumljering and spent his entire life in the neighborhood of Port Ma- tilda. He married Susan Gill, a daughter of John and Mar}' (Rowles) Gill, who at one time lived in Clearfield County. She also died at Port Matilda. They had a family of six children, namely: Annie, who is the wife of H. H. Osman, of Port Matilda; Abednego Pit- man; John, who lives at Port Matilda; Mari- etta, who IS the wife of Bion Williams, of Curtain, Center County; Minnie, who is the wife of Alvin Price, of Port Matilda; and Da- vid R., who resides at Altoona. A. P. Stephens attended school irregularly in his boyhood on account of the long distance he had to walk for his instruction, and was little more than a boy when he started to work in the woods. He has been concerned in lum- bering ever since. For eighteen years he op- erated a portable saw mill in eighteen different places, partly in Clearfield, Center and Cambria Counties, but for the past six years he has con- fined himself to retailing lumber at Houtzdale. Recently he has associated his son-in-law, John Mills, with him as a partner, and the firm style at present is A. P. Stephens & Co. Mr. Stephens was married first in 1871, to Miss Sarah Woodring, a daughter of Peter Woodring, of Center County, and they had one daughter, Nora M.. who is the wife of John Mills. Mrs. Stephens died in 1878, and her burial was at Port Matilda. Mr. Stephens was married second to Miss Lizzie Melcher, of West Township, Center County, who died in 1904, and was interred in the Mt. Pleasant Cemetery. Mr. Stephens attends the Presby- terian church. He is a Republican in politics but is inclined to be independent. He is iden- tified with the Masonic lodge at Osceola Mills. JOHN MILLS, the junior partner in the lumber fimi of A. P. Stephens & Co., was boni November 9, 1862, in Yorkshire, England. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 523 His father, Edward Mills, came first to Amer- ica and when seventeen years of age the son joined his father at what is now West Houtz- dale, Clearfield County. Edward Mills mar- ried Eliza Wood, also of an old Staffordshire, England, family, and they had thirteen chil- dren, six of whom survived to maturity, namely: Stephen H., who lives in Somerset County, Pa. ; John ; Edward, who lives also in Somerset County; Joseph, who resides at Houtzdale; Daniel R., who lives with his brothers at Windber, Somerset County ; and William H., who is a resident of Sheridan, Pa. John Mills married Nora M. Stephens, and they have six children : Abednego Pitman, Nannie E., John L., Fred H., Sarah and Clif- ford. Mr. Mills is a Republican and at pres- ent is serving in the borough council and also is poor overseer. He belongs to the Houtz- dale Fire Company, and is identified with the Royal Arcanum and with the Masonic lodge at Osceola Mills. SAMUEL THOMAS MECKLEY, a re- tired fanner of Bell township, Clearfield county, Pa., and a well known and highly re- spected citizen, was born in Center county, Pa., February i8, 1836, and is a son of John and Christina (Smith) Meckley. John Meckley was born January 6, 181 1, and followed the stone mason trade and also engaged in fanning. On April i, 1850, he moved from Center county. Pa., to the old C. Neff place, New Washington, Pa., and from there to Bethlehem, Pa., where he resided un- til his death, December 20, 1883. He mar- ried Christina Smith, who was born October 6, 1815, and died March 24, 1896. She was a daughter of Fred and Sally Smith, the for- mer of whom was born in Gennanv, and came to America and settled with his family at Bellefonte, Pa. From there he moved to Penn's Valley and still later to Spring Mills and his death occurred in Center county. He was a stone mason by trade. Ten children were born to John Meckley and his wife, three daughters and seven sons. The daughters are deceased. The survivors of the family are: Samuel Thomas; George, a fanner residing in Kansas; John J., living in Burnside town- ship; James, living in Bell township; William, residing in Kansas ; Henry, a resident of Ore- gon ; and Louis, a carpenter by trade, living at Oakdale, Pa. The early education of Samuel Thomas Meckley was secured in the district schools. He learned the stone mason trade with his father and lived at home and followed this trade until his marriage. In 1864 he enlisted for serv-ice in the Civil war, in answer to the last call, entering Co. K, 105th Pa. Vol. Inf., Army of the Potomac, Captain McKnight, and served one year and was mustered out in July, 1865. After the close of his military service, Mr. Meckley returned home and continued to work at his trade, in the same year locating on his present farm. He spent many years actively engaged here but is now living re- tired, being surrounded with all the comforts of life. On October 27, 1867, Mr. Meckley was married to Miss Amanda Ellis, who was born in Bell township, Clearfield county, April 11, 1847, a daughter of Richard S. and Julia Ann Ellis. To Mr. and Mrs. Meckley the follow- ing children were bom : Warren B., who was born in 1869, married Hattie Sharp and they have five children: Millie A., who was born in 1870, is the wife of R. Pierce, of Bethle- hem, Pa. ; Margaret J., who was born in 1872, 524 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY is tlie wife of D. Ganoe, of Bell Township, and they have six children : OUie A., who was born in 1874, is the wife of Charles Beck, of Phil- ipsburg and they have one child ; Henderson, who was born in 1878, is the home farmer; Ellis, who was born in 1882, is engaged in fanning in Nebraska ; and Horace, who was born in 1885, resides at La Jose, Pa. He mar- ried Nora Gearhart and they have two children. For forty years Mr. Meckley has been one of the leading members of the Methodist Protest- ant church at Mahaffey and was one of its organizers. He lias never been very active in politics but has voted with the Republican party since he cast his first presidential ballot for Abraham Lincoln. He is a valued mem- ber of the G. A. R. Post at Curry Run. DAVID ALEXANDER McCARDELL, postmaster at Westover, Chest township, where he also carries on a general mer- chandise business, was born at Indiana, Pa., Dec. 26, 1841. His parents were John and Jane (Pilson) McCardell, and he is a grandson of David McCardell, who came to America from Scotland, settling in Indiana county, Pa. John McCardell, father of our subject, was born in Indiana county, but removed to Clearfield county, locating at Burnside, where he died at the age of 84 years. He married Jane Pilson, who was a daughter of William Pilson. David A. McCardell, our direct subject, after attending school, engaged in the farming and lumbering industries. In 1861, at the age of 20 years, he enlisted for three years' service in Company D, 105th Regt. Pa. Volunteers, under Col. McKniglit, his regiment being assigned to the Army of the Potomac. He fought under Meade at the great and decisive battle of Gettysburg and was with the army in its subsequent opera- tions under Grant and Meade until he was mustered out August 31, 1864. Although he took part in some hard fighting on va- rious occasions aside from Gettysburg, he was never seriously wounded. On his re- turn from the war he took up* his residence on the parental homestead in Burnside township, but subsequently bought a farm near the Mt. Joy church, not far from New Washington, where he remained engaged in agriculture until 1882. He was then en- gaged in the lumber business at Burnside for several years, but later entered into the livery business, which he conducted for five years. Selling out in 1891, he came to Westover and engaged in a livery business here, which however he sold out in 1895, and was thereafter engaged in the grocery and restaurant business up to 1904, at which time he was appointed postmaster of Westover. He now conducts a general merchandise store, in which the postoffice is located. He is a Republican in politics and has served on the school board for 15 years. He is also a member of the borough council and has served as burgess, one term in 1905. He has been a member of the Odd Fellows lodge at Burnside for 35 years, be- ing a charter member and having passed all the chairs. He also belongs to the Grand Army post at Cherry Tree. Mr. McCardell was married in 1865 to Elizabeth Mitchell, who died in 1870 at the age of 28 years. Of this union there were three children, all of whom are now de- ceased. Mr. McCardell married for his sec- ond wife in 1873, Mary P. NefF, who was AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 525 born Oct. 27, 1850, a daughter of Joseph L. and Eliza M. (Gallaher) Neff. To this marriage children have been born as fol- lows : Emma, wife of V. K. Rowland, of Westover, Pa., who has five children ; Sarah B., wife of George F. Westover, who has four children; Elmer B., who married Tillie Moore of Westover and has three chil- dren; James, who married Lena Hurd, re- sides at Cresson, Pa., and has three chil- dren; and Willard D., a resident of Cherry Tree. Mrs. McCardell is a member of the M. E. church, and also belongs to the Re- becca lodge, I. O. O. F., at Burnside. L. WILLIAM ROWLES. whose well cultivated and improved farm of twenty acres lies in Knox Township, three miles east of Olanta, Pa., was born in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pa., May 25. 1866, and is a son of Joseph H. and Ruth (Hickok) Rowles. Joseph H. Rowles was born March 25, 1835, in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, and now lives retired on his farm of forty-five acres. His father, H. F. Rowles, came to Clearfield County when he was a boy of eight years and found work at Curwensville when that town had but two houses. He there married Susanna Henry and they settled in Pike Township until after the birth of three children, when they moved into Lawrence Township, where three more were born. He was one of the old-time pioneers. He was a raft pilot and made eight trips on the river be- tween Marietta and Clearfield, and lived to be eighty-six years of age. Joseph H. Rowles first went to school in a log cabin where slabs were used for seats and desks and later attended other schools, for he was so anxious to obtain an education that he went one term after he was twenty-one years of age. He worked hard, sometimes on the farm and at other times in the woods and by cutting in the timber he made enough to enable him to buy his farm, on which he settled after marriage. His first Kouse burned down and he thus lost all the old family papers. For thirty-five years Mr. Rowles served Lawrence Township as a justice of the peace and also was school director. During the Civil War he served seven months in the Federal Army and was fortunate enough to return home entirely unharmed. He is a member of Lawrence Post, G. A. R., Clearfield County. Joseph H. Rowles married Ruth Hickok and a family of twelve children was born to them, as follows: Melissa, who died when one year old ; C. L. V. ; William L. ; Roxie ; Susie; Alman and Herman, deceased; and Aaron, James, Lewis, Harriet and Josephine. L. William Rowles attended the country schools near his father's house, in boyhood, and afterward went to work in the woods and continued at this hard work for about one year after his marriage and then pur- chased his twenty-acre farm in Pike Town- ship, of John M. Chase. At that time it was all woodland and he has completed its clearing and has erected all his substantial buildings. The coal is leased to M. J. Kelly & Co. Mr. Rowles was married May 10, 1888, to Melissa M. Dunlap, a daughter of John R. Dunlap. of Knox Township, and they have ten children, all of whom are yet at home, a large and happy family. They are 526 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY named respectively: Warren, Clem H., Waine A., John R., Clinton K., Crate M., Minerva J., Burley M. and Bigler D. and Biddie C, who are twins. Mr. Rowles and family are members of Ml. Zion Methodist Episcopal Church of which he is a trustee and a steward. He has always been a Democrat since he cast his first vote. For three years he has been a member of the school board of Knox Township. No fam- ily in the township is better known than the Rowles. T. LANSING SNYDER, one of Clear- field's representative business men who is prominently ident\ified with many important interests of different kinds, was born in Clear- field County, Pa., December lo, i860, and is a son of Thomas G. and Martha E. (Litzen- berg) Snyder. On the paternal side his grand- father was David Snyder, once a well known manufacturer and the founder of the Sweden- borgian Society in Pennsylvania. On the ma- ternal side his grandfather was John Litzen- berg, and one of his great-grandfathers was John Stanley, who came from Derbyshire. England, to Pennsylvania with one of the Penn colonies. T. Lansing Snyder was but two years old when his father met a soldier's death. He con- tinued with his mother and when he grew to the age of responsibility took charge of her large and imjwrtant interests, including the management of extensive timber tracts and of coal lands of great value. In 1884 the Bloom- ington Coal Com])any leased a large portion of the rich coal property ami named their first mining town in honor of T. Lansing Snyder. Mr. Snvder has manv individual business in- terests. He is a director in the Brick and Fire Clay Company, of Clymer, Ind. ; vice presi- dent of the Clearfield Brick Manufacturing Company, of Clearfield, and is olViciaily and otherwise interested in numerous other con- cerns. He has always been an active and use- ful citizen but has never been willing to accept city otifices. During the legislative session of 1897. he was appointed to the office of ser- geant-at-arms, at Harrisburg, by Hon. Frank G. Harris, and perfonned the duties of that position acceptably. The Snyders have been generous in their donations of land for public purposes, the mother of Mr. Snyder being much interested in the establishing of schools and churches. On June 28, 1893, Mr. Snyder was married to Miss Cora May Ealj', who was born De- cember 25, 1867, in Bedford County, Pa. Her parents were John C. and Mary E. (Walker) Ealy. Mr. and Mrs. Snyder have had two sons, Stanley G. and Thomas L., the former of whom is deceased. The latter is a sturdy little lad of four years, his birth having taken place March 6, 1907. Mrs. Snyder is a member of the Presbyterian church and is active in the work of its various benevolent organizations. The family home is a mansion situated in S. Second Street, Clearfield. JAMES I. MEAS, who owns fifty acres of valuable farming land and has, addition- ally, a one-half interest in 400 acres, all in Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., was born October 30, 1843, in Lycoming County, Pa. His parents, John and Mary (Neice) Meas, were also born in Lycom- ing County, where the father followed farming and lumbering. James I. Meas is AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 527 one of the following children born to his parents ; Thomas ; John ; Jane, who mar- ried ElHs Livergood ; Anna, who married Abraham Wisor ; James I.; David; Sarah, who married James Waple ; and Miles. James I. Meas had only common school advantages. He has been a resident of Clearfield County since he was eight years of age and during the larger part of this time has been engaged in lumbering and farming. He has been an active and inter- ested citizen of Boggs Township for many years and has served in public offices, for one year being supervisor and for twenty- seven years a school director. In 1870 Mr. Meas was married to Miss Hannah Goss, a daughter of Joseph and Hannah (Milward) Goss. Joseph Goss was born in Decatur Township, Clearfield County, while his wife was born in Eng- land. Mr. and Mrs. Goss had the follow- ing children: Adaline, who is the wife of Abraham Pierce; Henrietta, who is the wife of Gideon Smeal ; Amelia, who is the wife of David Meas; Amanda, who is the wife of Richard Lang; James; Hannah, who is the wife of James I. Meas ; Mary Ann, who is the wife of Timothy Pugh ; and Bertha, who is the wife of William Meas. Mr. and Mrs. Meas have had six chil- dren, namely: Myrtle, who is now de- ceased, was the wife of William Bush; David; William T. ; Leonard I.; Harvey Wallace, who is deceased; and Dorsey G. Mr. and Mrs. Meas are members of the Brethren church, in which she was reared, while Mr. Meas's people were Lutherans. They both belong to the Grange and are active in its good work and enjoy its social side as well as its more practical benefits. DELOS EUGENE HIBNER, a represent- ative business man of DuBois, Pa., a member of the Hibner-Hoover Hardware Company of this borough, has resided here since 1873. He was born at Tioga Center, N. Y., December 10, 1863, the youngest of a family of fifteen chil- dren, eleven of whom grew to maturity. His parents were John E. and Catherine (Barr) Hibner. John E. Hibner was born in Gemiany, where he learned the shoemaking trade. He came to America in early manhood and shortly afterward opened a shoe shop at Williamsport, Pa. His trade was largely among the lumber men and they paid well and promptly for the substantial and well made footwear he sold, but in the panic of 1872 he lost his best cus- tomers and finally was forced to close out his business there. In looking around for a means of livelihood he and his capable wife decided that the opening of a boarding house at Du- Bois, where John DuBois. through his activ- ities was bringing many workmen to that place, would be a wise undertaking, and so it proved. They started that business in 1873 ^"d con- tinued it as long as it seemed a satisfactory enterprise. John E. Hibner lived to be eighty years of age, but his wife died when aged sixty-six years. Delos Eugene Hibner was quite small when his parents came to Pennsylvania and he re- members how small a village was DuBois when they came here. The houses were few and scattered, no railroad yet touched the place and the schoolhouse he attended was two miles distant from his home. In 1875 he entered the employ of John DuBois, the founder of the place, and in 1877 accepted a position as clerk with the firm of Long & Brady, hard- ware merchants. In 1882 he bought a third 528 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY interest in the store and has continued in the hardware line until the present. A few years later he became associated with Long & Brady as a partner and subsequent changes came about. Mr. Long was succeeded by M. W. Wise, who, in turn, was succeeded by W. S. Hollister and about the same time, Mr. Brady was succeeded by N. L. Hoover, Mr. Hibner's present partner. In 1890 D. E. Hibner and N. L. Hoover sold out their interests to Jesse Dale, but in 1892 they repurchased the store from Mr. Dale and have continued to be associated ever since. The store at that time was situated on the present site of the DuBois National Bank, on the corner of Long Avenue and Brady Street. They then bought the building at No. 12 N. Brady Street, from the Turnbach Hard- ware Company and after disposing of the Turnbach stock, rented the building to Harry Christman who conducted a furniture store here for a short time. In 1902 the Hibner- Hoover Hardware Company was incorpo- rated, with a capital stock of $100,000. In 1907 they added two more stories to the three- story building on N. Brady Street and moved their stock to this location in the latter part of the same year. They occupy five floors and the basement and do a large business, its vol- ume being steadily on the increase. The Hib- ner-Hoover Hardware Company are jobbers and retailers of heavy and shelf hardware, manufacturing tinners and coppersmiths, deal- ers in doors, sash and building material, bug- gies, wagons, surreys and harness, also farm machinery and paints and oils. The business enterprise of the firm was still further demonstrated when, in 1908 they bought out F. W. Prothero, a hardware merchant at No. 321 W. Long Ave. This store covers three floors with a double store room on the first floor. In addition, the firm makes use of five warerooms, affording space for careful stor- age. This is the largest business of its kind in Clearfield County. Mr. Hibner has addi- tional business interests. He is treasurer and manager of the Vulcan Soot Cleaner Company, which was incorporated under the laws of the State of New Jersey, in 1905, with a capital stock of $500,000, and an issue of $200,000. They do business all over the United States. The main office and factory are located at Du- Bois, Pa., with additional offices at Boston, Mass., and Chicago, 111. Mr. Hibner organ- ized a company and built the first electric light plant at DuBois, in 1889, which was purchased in 1892, by the DuBois Electric Street Rail- way Company. On December 3, 1890, Mr. Hibner was mar- ried to Miss Frances O. Ellis, a daughter of J. B. Ellis, who for many years was a mer- chant at DuBois. Five children have been bom to them : Frances Catherine, Helen Louise (died at age of 6 months) ; Eugene, Mary and Delos. Mr. and Mrs. Hibner are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Democrat and has been a useful and loyal party man and was selected as the first candidate for congress after the organization of the Congressional District. He is identified witli the Elks and the Masons. The family residence stands at No. 525 N. Brady Street, on the same site on which Mr. Hibner's father settled when the present thriving borough was but a little lumber hamlet on the outskirts of the forest. EDWARD LLOYD HUGHES, one of the lifelong residents and highly respected citizens of Decatur Township, Clearfield AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 529 County, Pa., lives on the farm of twenty- five acres, a part of the old homestead on which he was born October 24, 1846. He is a son of Richard and Nancy (Kephart) Hughes, and a grandson of William and Mary Hughes, natives of England. William Hughes, the grandfather, brought his family to America, in 1832, landing at the port of Philadelphia after a voyage of seven weeks. In 1833 he moved to Huntingdon, Pa., and secured work in the construction of the old Pittsburg Canal and after its completion, moved to Decatur Township, Clearfield County, settling on this place. The remainder of his life was passed here, his death occuring at the age of eighty-four years, having survived his wife. The children of William and Mary Hughes were five in number, namely: James, who lived at Tylertown; John, who lived in Decatur Township; William, who died on the home farm ; Richard ; and Adam, who died on the ocean during the voyage from England. Richard Hughes, father of Edward Lloyd Hughes, was born in County Hereford- shire, England, December 23, 1819, and was a youth of fourteen years when he ac- companied his parents to the United States. When the home farm came into his posses- sion, only five acres of the same, had been cleared. He followed farming and lumber- ing and during the last ten or twelve years of his life, he was also a coal operator. His death occurred June 23, 1898. He married Nancy Kephart, a daughter of Henry Kep- hart, Sr., an old pioneer in Decatur Town- ship, where Mrs. Hughes was born and spent her life. She died December 21, 1905, and both she and husband rest in the old cemetery at Center. They had eleven children, the family record being as follows: William, who has never married, lives on a part of the old homestead; Edward Lloyd; Alice, who is the wife of David Burkett, of Clearfield; John R., who is a farmer in Decatur Township; David, who died in 1890; Benjamin F., who lives on a part of the old home place; Harry M., who also lives on the homestead; Sarah, who is now deceased, was the wife of John W. Ashcroft ; Essington, who died in infancy ; and two babes that died unnamed. The father of the above family was a member of the Episcopal church, while the mother was connected with the United Brethren church. Edward Lloyd Hughes now makes farm- ing his main business but for thirty-two years he worked in the coal mines. He built a very attractive and comfortable residence on his farm which occupies a site that gives a pleasant view over the sur- rounding country. Mr. Hughes was married May 12, 1872, to Miss Anna R. Dunlap, who was born at Williamsburg, Huntingdon County, Pa., a daughter of Benjamin and Catherine (Isen- berg) Dunlap, former residents of Decatur Township and later of Osceola Mills. The father of Mrs. Hughes was a soldier in the Federal Army during the Civil War. To Mr. and Mrs. Hughes twelve children have been born, the survivors being: Charles W., who lives at Osceola Mills, married Maggie Crain, a daughter of Bednego Grain; Richard S., who lives in Decatur Township, married Annie Starline and they 530 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY have seven living children — Pearl, May- nard, Willard, Russell, Frederick, Mary and Richard ; Clara May, who is the wife of W. W. Boone, of Osceola Mills, and they have three living children — Mildred. Anna and William : Edward Lloyd. Jr., who lives in Uecatur Township, married Martha Cad- man, and they have four children — Ralph, Lois, Rebecca and Ruth ; Carrie Belle, who married .Mexander Davidson, a resident of Keystone, in Decatur Township, and they have three children — Lorraine and Lenora, twins, and Paul; Grace Glen, who married Daniel Dunn, of Keystone, Pa., and they have five children — Harold. W'ilda, Anna, Hannah and Carrie; and Anna, Benjamin F. and Olive Pearl, all of whom reside at home. Three of the children are deceased; Nancy Ellen, who died at the age of six years and five months; Rosie Violet, who lived only two years ; and a babe that passed away vmnamed. In politics Mr. Hughes is an independent voter. He belongs to several fraternal or- ganizations, including the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the I. O. R. M. DAVID HEGARTY, who is one-half owner of a farm of 250 acres situated in Bigler Township, Clearfield County, Pa., now lives retired, after a busy life devoted mainly to farming and lumbering. He was born on this farm, in September, 1841, and is a son of James and Jane (Boyle) Hegarty. James Hegarty was born in Ireland, a son of Samuel and Jane Hegarty. He was married there to Jane Boyle, a daughter of James Boyle, and they then came to America and settled in Bigler Township, Clearfield County. Pa. James Hegarty was a farmer and lumberman. Both he and wife were members of the Presbyterian church. They had six children born to them, namely: Jane, who is deceased, was the wife of Robert Alexander, also de- ceased ; Rebecca, who is deceased, was the wife of John Gordon; David; Mary, who is the wife of Walker Miles; Jerry, who is one- half owner of the home farm; and Rachel, who is deceased, was the wife of James Luther. David Hegarty grew up on the home farm and as soon as old enough worked also at lumbering. In 1863 he enlisted for a term of three months in Co. E, 30th Pa. Vol. Inf., for service in the Civil War, and when this enlistment expired, reenlisted in Battery B, ist Pa. Light Artillery, in which he served until the close of the war. After his patriotic duty was done he returned to peaceful pursuits and continued until he decided to lay down the responsibilities of business and take a well earned rest. In 1866 Mr. Hegarty was married to Miss Luella Alexander, who died in 1896. She was a most estimable lady and was a daughter of William B. and Rebecca (Whiteside) Alexander, he being born in Clearfield County and she in Ireland. Mrs. Hegarty had one brother, Joseph, older than herself, and four younger sisters: Rosa, wife of Henry Miles; Agnes, wife of Edward Miles; Rebecca, wife of Thomas Askey; and Drusilla, wife of John Jopling. Mr. Hegarty has two daughters, Gertrude and Daisy, both of whom are popular teachers at Madera. He casts his vote in- dependently and has never accepted any public office except membership on the school board. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 531 MELVIN J. HURD, a well known merchant conducting a store at La Jose, Chest township, where also he holds the office of postmaster, was born at this place April 4, 1884, son of Alonzo L. and Belle (McFadden) Hurd. He is a great grandson of Elias Hurd, who settled in Newburg borough in 1832, clearing land on the site of the present village of La Jose. He came to Clearfield county from Danville, Vt. He died at the age of 75 years, leaving two sons — H. H. Hurd and L. J. Hurd, grandfather of our subject. The latter, who was born in Vermont, married Rachel Wood, and they be- came pioneer settlers in Clearfield county. Pa. Alonzo L. Hurd was born at La Jose, Clear- field county. Pa., about 1849, and is now liv- ing at the age of 62 years. In early manhood he was engaged for some time in farming. In April, 1892, he opened a general store in La Jose, which he carried on successfully for a number of years, retiring at last from active business life. For some time he held the office of Postmaster at La Jose, which postoffice, for- merly known as Newburg, in now called Hurd, it having been renamed in his honor. He is a member of the Odd Fellows' lodge at Mahaf- fey, and belongs to the order of P. L. S. of A., at La Jose, of which he is treasurer. In pol- itics a Republican, he has served on the school board since coming of age, and has been a mem- ber of the borough council since its organiza- tion. Alonzo L. Hurd was first married to a Miss Tozier, of which union there were two chil- dren, namely : Bird, a resident of Johnstown ; and Louie, wife of C. Durwell, of Connelsville, Pa. For his second wife, Mr. Tozier married Belle McFadden, who was born at La Jose, this county, a daughter of Robert P. and Ann Mc- Fadden. She is still living at the age of 54 years. The children of this second union were as follows: Melvin J., subject of this sketch; Arthur, who is a partner witli our subject in the mercantile business; Orvis, who is agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Barnesboro, Pa.; Joseph, who is attending school at Collinsville; Clair, Herbert and Au- drey, all attending school. Melvin J. Hurd, after completing his school studies at the age of 15 years, found employ- ment in teaming for his father, with whom he remained until the age of 21. He was then a clerk in the mercantile store of A. T. Wilson of La Jose for four years. He then purchased his present store, being associated at first with both his father and brother, but on the fathers retirement has had his brother alone for a partner. He has a well equipped store, carry- ing everything in the line of general merchan- dise for which there could be any probable de- mand in this community, and he has met with a gratifying degree of success. A Republi- can in politics, he was appointed piistmaster, July 17, 1908. He is also treasurer of the bor- ough and recording secretary. He belongs to the Red Men's lodge at Mahaffey. Mr. Hurd married Miss Edna Markle, who was born in La Jose, a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Wil- liams) Markle, her father being a merchant of this borough. Mr. and Mrs. Hurd have two children — Chetwin, born April 21, 1907; and Mary Belle, born December 8, 19 10. Mrs. Hurd is a member of the Baptist church. JOHN BERNARD McGRATH was born in a little village on the "Old Portage" Railroad in Washington Township, Blair County, Pa., July 5, 1854, and is the son of John McGrath and Margaret McHugh McGrath. 532 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY His grandfather on his father's side emi- grated from IreLind in 1814, and settled in Philadelphia, where John McGrath, St., father of John B., was born. On his mother's side he is also of Irish descent. His mother's father, Dennis AIcHugh. was prominently connected with the Irish Re- belHon of 1798, and was obliged to leave Ireland secretly with his companions; he settled in Lebanon County. Pennsylvania, where his daughter Margaret was born. He served a short time in the American Army in the War of 1812. John B. McGrath comes from a family distinguished for its connection with the de- velopment of the bituminous coal fields of Pennsylvania. His father, John McGrath, Sr., was one of the pioneers in this indus- try ; he it was w-ho first developed the now- famous "Miller" vein, as well as the "Lemon" Vein in Cambria County. Miles McHugh, an uncle, opened the first coal for railroad shipment in the Clearfield re- gion, and Edward McHugh, an uncle, and M. B. McGrath, a brother, are largely iden- tified with the development of the Houtz- dale or Moshannon coal fields of the county. John B. McGrath was less than a year old when his parents moved to Dudley, Hunt- ingdon County, Penna., and he remained there until he was about 14 years of age. His father died at Dudley, May 6, 1865, and his mother, with her family, John B. in- cluded, removed to Osceola, Clearfield County, Penna., on April i, 1868 and with the exception of one year spent in Jeffer- son County, the family have resided in Clearfield County since that time. In 1875, shortly before the great fire that destroyed Osceola, Mrs. McGrath and her family moved to the Beech Woods Settle- ment (Jeflferson County, Penna.), where they resided until early in 1876, when they returned to Clearfield County and settled at Houtzdale, Pa. Mrs. Margaret McHugh McGrath died at Houtzdale, Dec. i, 1878. John B. McGrath has resided in Houtz- dale since Feb. 15, 1876; he is now practic- ing law and is a prominent member of the Clearfield County Bar. He is also engaged in the fire insurance business, maintaining an office at Houtzdale, Pa., and is the senior member of the firm of McGrath & Moore, insurance brokers of Clearfield, Pa. He is also secretary and treasurer of the Anda Coal Company, which conducts a coal operation near Houtzdale, Penna. Mr. McGrath was educated in the public schools; he attended school at Dudley, Pa., and also at Osceola, Pa. He has always taken an active part in politics and all pub- lic afifairs. He is an uncompromising Demo- crat and has twice served as chairman of the party organization in the county; first in 1902 and was re-elected in 1903. He has held a number of local offices ; — school di- rector, justice of the peace, and is at pres- ent a member of the Houtzdale Borough Council. He takes a great interest in all public affairs and is considered among the progressive citizens of the county. On July 21, 1888, he was united in mar- riage with Miss Lydia Ingraham Marmion, at Fortress Monroe, Va. She was born at Wilmington, S. C, and was a daughter of Dr. George H. and Elizabeth Coffin (Wood) Marmion. Her father. Dr. Mar- mion, was a native of Harper's Ferry. Va. Mrs. "McGrath was descended from Keziah Cofifin, who was a relative of Benjamin Frank- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 533 lin, and her kindred were among the distin- guished people of the country. At the time of her marriage she was a resident of Hampton, Va. Mrs. McGrath was a lady of beautiful char- acter and the accident that caused her death threw a shadow over the community where she was much beloved. Mr. McGrath with his wife and children were driving a spirited team, which ran away when near Ramey, Pa., May 20, 1900, causing injuries from which Mrs. McGrath died three days later. Mr. McGrath was also injured and his lit- tle son suffered a broken leg. It was a very sad ending to what had promised to be a pleasant recreation. To Mr. and Mrs. McGrath four children were born, one of whom died in infancy. The survivors are: Margaret; John J., who is a student in Fordham College, New York, and George H. All have been given both educational and social advantages and are being prepared for any position in so- ciety. Mr. McGrath and children are mem- bers of the Roman Catholic Church. He is identified fraternally with the Knights of Columbus but with no other organization. He is one of the valued members of the Clearfield County Historical Society and takes a commendable amount of pride in the preservation of old records and particu- larly those which tell of the early days in the great mining sections of the state. WILLIAM T. FLEGAL, a successful fanner of Boggs Township, Clearfield County, Pa., where he has 200 acres belonging to the Chase estate under cultivation, together with thirty-nine acres of his own, is one of the best known men in this section. He was born in Clearfield County in January, 1856, and is a son of Valentine and Charlotte (Bradley) Flegal. The father was a farmer, and was a Democrat in politics. Both he and wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They had a family of eight sons, namely: Gilbert. Samuel, Alexander, Austin, Miles, Da- vid, William T. and Peter. William T. Flegal was occupied until he was seventeen years of age in attending school and working on the home farm. He inherited his land from his father and since it came into his possession he has made many improvements, including the erection of a substantial house and bam. In addition to fanning he has worked more or less in the woods all his life. In 1 89 1 Mr. Flegal was married to Miss Alice Nerhoot, a daughter of Samuel and Anna Nerhoot, of Clearfield County. The other members of their family were: Ward, Lloyd, Eva, Georgia and Dove. Mr. and Mrs. Flegal have three children : Lottie, Funnan V. and Nettie Abigail. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics Mr. Flegal is a Democrat, and he has served on the election board on several occasions. THOMAS G. SNYDER, deceased. In re- membering the men of worth who once were of Clearfield County and led in her most useful activities and through merit commanded the respect of his fellow sitizens, Thomas G. Sny- der, who sleeps in a soldier's grave, a hero of the Civil War, will not be forgotten. He was born in Philadelphia County, Pa., October 24, 1817. His ancestry was Gennan and his par- ents were David and Mary A. (Kelly) Snyder. Thomas G. Snyder was the son of a farmer and manufacturer and early associated himself with his parent in the making of shovels, a pion- eer enterprise of the kind in Philadelphia Coun- 534 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ty and one wliicli tlie two Snyders developed into a large business. When he retired from manufacturing he entered into merchandising in a suburb of I'liiladelphia, and in 185 1 he came to Clearfield County. He invested largely and judiciously in land, which is still held by his family, and from then until the opening of the Civil War, he gave his entire attention to lumbering. His success in this industrj' was marked and a long and prosperous business career was his reasonable expectation. When Lieutenant Snyder put aside all per- sonal considerations in order to devote himself to the service of his country, he was already a man of forty-four years and the act was one of pure patriotism. In October, 1861, he or- ganized a picked body of men which became Co. F, 2nd Pa. Cav., which was assigned to the Army of the Potomac, and he was commis- sioned its first lieutenant. He passed through several battles safely but in a skirmish at Ac- quan Creek, Virginia, he received a mortal wound. Through the fraternal act of a brother Free Mason, no less a person than Gen. Fitz Hugh Lee, the wounded officer was car- ried to a dwelling and every effort was made to ease his suffering and prolong his life, but without avail and within forty-eight hours he expired, a soldier to the last. His aged father succumbed under the shock. The ashes of both him and his son rest in the old cemetery belonging to the Swedenborgian church in Philadelphia County, David Snyder having been the founder of the Swedenborgian Society in that county. On November 26, 1840, Thomas G. Snyder was married to Miss Martha E. Litzenberg, who survived him. She was of German ances- ery and was born near Philadelphia, a daughter of John and Christiana (Stanley) Litzen- berg, the former of whom was a prosperous merchant for many years. To Thomas G. Snyder and wife ten children were born, five of wliom survived childhood : Horatio, Mary .\., Lucy, Annie E. and T. Lansing. Horatio left college at the age of eighteen years in order to enter his father's company, in 1861, sur- vived the hazards of war and after returning to peaceful pursuits, entered the employ of the Berwind-W'hite Bituminous Coal Company, with whicii he has been identified ever since. Mary A. is the wife of E. C. Brenner. Lucy became the wife of John C. Hicklen. Annie E. married Lewis M. Garrett. T. Lansing is one of Clearfield's prominent citizens. E. SCHN.\RS, general fanner and dairy- man, having twenty-seven milch cows and own- ing 121 acres of land in Lawrence Township, Clearfield County, Pa., was born in Karthaus Township, March 3, 1847, and is a son of John and Susan (Solt) Schnars, farming people and old residents of that section. E. Schnars attended the Tinker School not far distant from his boyhood home and then went out to Kansas, where he lived for ten years and during this time had many thrilling adventures. He remembers one season in which he assisted in killing 500 buffalo. After marriage he came to Clearfield County and bought a water right at Logan's Dam where he built a saw mill which was carried away by the Johnstown flood. He next located at Cur- wensville where he bought a store of John Ir- vin, which he conducted for eight years and then traded the store for Sheriff Smith's farm at Hyde City and subsequently sold the farm to the steel company. After this he operated a butcher shop for a time and then purchased his present property which was known as the MU. AND MRS. E. SCHNAUS ANU 1 AMI I, ^ AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 537 Boyington farm. After getting his farm in- dustries well started, in 1904, Mr. Schnars started his dairy, having appropriate buildings already on the place and he has greatly pros- pered in this line. He handles 280 quarts of milk daily which he delivers in Clearfield. Mr. Schnars carries on his business according to modern ideas, has sanitary quarters and run- ning water, and his milk is in great demand and there is more call for cream than he can supply. Mr. Schnars was married to Miss Belle Turner of Garden City, Kans., and they have eight children: Minnie, who is the wife of William Hoover; Florence, who is the wife of Orvis Ardary; and John Arthur, Glenn, Clara, Mabel, Jane and Charles. Mr. Schnars and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church of Lawrence Township, the building being on one corner of the home farm. He is a Republican in politics and is a member of the Grange at Clearfield. For a number of years he owned 160 acres of land in Kansas and sub- sequently sold his claim for $15,000, which he proposes to invest in Clearfield County. He is an intelligent, shrewd business man and there is every indication that this fund will be care- fully and sensibly invested. JAMES K. TURNER, Esq., a prosper- ous business man of Wallaceton, Pa., where he is owner and proprietor of a meat mar- ket, owns forty-three acres of valuable farming land in Boggs Township, in which he was born January 8, 1847. His parents were James H. and Elizabeth (Smeal) Turner. James H. Turner was born November ID, 1810, at Philipsburg, Pa., a son of Sam- uel and Lavina (Simler) Turner. His business through life was farming together with lumbering. He was a man of sterling character and occupied positions of trust at different times. For some ten years he served as constable and for thirteen years he was a justice of the peace. With his wife he was active and interested in the work of the Methodist Episcopal church and was liberal in the support he gave. He married Elizabeth Smeal, a daughter of Benjamin and Elizabeth (Wisor) Smeal, old county families. To them were born the following children : Henry D., M. V., Sarah, Benjamin, James K., Jemima, La- vina Jane, Samuel, George, Ella, Emma and Eliza Matilda. Sarah, who is now de- ceased, was the wife of Alexander France. Jemima, who is also deceased, was the wife of David Quigley. Ella is the wife of Al- bert Klare, and Emma is the wife of Grant Ross. James K. Turner attended school near his father's farm until he was old enough to handle tools, when he learned the car- penter trade and for some years worked in saw mills, subsequently starting to work in brick plants, with which he was connected for twenty-six years, during the last six be- ing foreman. In 1909 he embarked in his present business at Wallaceton, where he owns a residence. He has been a very prominent and public spirited citizen of this borough, serving as its burgess for one year, for fifteen years as a member of its school board and also as a member of the council. For the past sixteen years he has also served continuously in the office of jus- tice of the peace. On February 15, 1870, Mr. Turner was married to Miss Henrietta Tomlinson, a 538 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY daughter of Rev. Stephen and Maggie (Hoffman) Tonilinson Tlic parents of Mrs. Turner were residents of Lycoming County and her fatlier was a Methodist minister. Mr. and Mrs. Tonilinson had the following children: Philip, who is deceased; John, William and Frank; Maggie, who is the wife of \\ illiani Buck; Mercy, who mar- ried William Sanders; and Henrietta, who is the wife of Mr. Turner. To Mr. and Mrs. Turner three children were born, namely: Benjamin Franklin, who was born November 14, 1870, died at the age of thirty-eight years; Maggie, who is the wife of Samuel Roan; and Mary, who is the wife of Charles I. Wolfe. Mr. Turner and wife are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a Democrat. JOHN EUGENE MERRIS, one of the or- ganizers and proprietors of The Merris Beef Company, one of the important business com- binations of Clearfield County, Pa., is well known in the great meat industry in this section and is identified with other large interests. He has been a valued resident of DuBois, Pa., for twenty-nine years but is a native of New York, born on his father's farm, April 14, 1855. His parents were John E. and Caroline (Becker) Merris. John E. Merris was both former and mer- chant and enjoyed a prosperous business career for many years. His death occurred at the home of his son, John Eugene, at DuBois, Pa., in 1905, at the age of seventy-two years. He married Caroline Becker, who died in 1897, aged seventy-one years. They had three sons : John Eugene; Howard I.; and Anson E.. of Buffalo, N. Y. John Eugene Merris spent his boyhood on the farm and in his father's store. After at- tending the district schools he took a course at Griffith Institute, at Springville, N. Y., go- ing from there to Aurora Academy, at Aurora, N. Y. Beginning when seventeen years of age, he taught school through several winters and then entered the employ of Hon. TVank Hig- gins, who conducted a store at Stanton, Mich., and later was with O. T. Higgins in the same business at Belfast and at Olean, N. Y. In t88i Mr. Merris came to DuBois, with the Bell, Lewis & Yates Mining Com])any and took entire charge of their stores until 1S93. .\t that time he became associated with Armour & Company, at Chicago, 111. In partnership with Hon. I. E. Long, M. W. Wise and H. I. Mer- ris, he organized the Merris Beef Company, consignees for Armour & Company. Later, L. B. Long took over the interests of I. E. Long and M. W. Wise, and since then the membership of the firm has been increased by the admission as partners W. H. Cawthra, R. W. Criss and A. L. Crumpston, all of whom were old employes. The refrigerators are lo- cated at DuBois, Ridgway and Punxsutawney, Pa. Additional business interests are indi- cated by his being a director in the Union Bank- ing and Trust Company, at DuBois, also in the Electric and Traction Company and in the Du- Bois Land Company. Mr. Merris is recog- nized as one of the able business men of Clear- field County, not only possessing the gift of good judgment which has led him to make wise investments, but al.so the capacity for hard work that, in these days of competition, is a necessary adjunct to success. On October 8, 1883, Mr. Merris was mar- ried to Miss Ida B. Grantier, of Canton, Pa., and they have three children: Howard A., who is cashier for Armour & Co.. in their Col- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 539 orado Springs office, married Virginia Maca- doo; Helen E., who is a student in the seminary at Bimiingham ; and J. Edward. Mr. and Mrs. Merris attend the Presbyterian church. They enjoy the comforts of a beautiful home, their residence standing on the corner of Main Street and Long Avenue, DuBois. Mr. Mer- ris votes with the Republican party and is an earnest and useful citizen but has never per- mitted the use of his name for any political of- fice. He is prominent in Masonry in Pennsyl- vania and is past master of Gartield Lodge, F. & A. M., at DuBois, belongs to the Chapter at Ridgway, to Bethany Commandery at Du- Bois and to the Zem Zem Shrine at Erie, Pa. H. M. SHIMEL, who belongs to one of the old and respected families of Clearfield County, one that has been identified for years with the agricultural and lumbering interests of Boggs Township, is the owner of 200 acres of land in Boggs Township. He was born in this township, September 20, 1854, and is a son of George W. and Mary Jane (Bush) Shimel. George W. Shimel was born in Clearfield County, a son of Henry and Sarah Shimel, of German descent. He engaged in lum- bering and farming, gave political support to the Democratic party, and was liberal in advancing the interests of the United Brethren church, to which both he and wife belonged. He married Mary Jane Bush, a daughter of Joseph and Elizabeth Bush. Mrs. Bush still survives, being now in her ninety-eighth year and is probably the most venerable resident of Boggs Township. To George W. Shimel and wife the following children were born : Sarah E., wife of Thomas C. Kyler; H. M. ; Laura A., wife of E. J. Lumadue ; and Ardelia, wife of Smith A. McNeal. On account of being the only son of his parents, H. M. Shimel had many responsi- bilities placed on him very early, his father having need of his assistance. He have one daughter, Margaret Eveline. In politics, Justice Swoope is a Republican and he has served as school di- rector and in 1907 w-as elected a justice of the peace. He belongs to the P. O. S. of A., at Blue Ball, and to the Odd Fellows at Windber, in Somerset County. JOHN I. BLOOM, a highly respected re- tired fanner of Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., owns 165 acres of valuable land on which he was born March 22. 1831. His father was John Bloom and his grandfather was William Bloom, the latter of whom was the founder of this large and prominent fam- ily in Clearfield County. John Bloom was born in New Jersey, in Jan- uary, 1786, and accompanied his father to Center County, Pa., and later to Clearfield County. He became a fanner in Center Coun- ty and was there married to Susanna High, who was born in that county, a daughter of John High, June 7, 1788. After marriage, John Bloom bought this farm of 165 acres, in Pike Township, from Matthew Taylor, of Center County, this land then being included in that county. It was en- tirely undeveloped and so dense was the forest that then covered it that John Bloom was forced to join in with other settlers to make a road through tliis section of country in order that they might reach Curwensville. John Bloom was a man of much enterprise and became a citizen upon whom rested public cares to some degree as his neighbors relied upon his judg- ment and often sought his advice. He was a Democrat in his political views and at one time was tax collector for the whole county. His death occurred June 30, 1872. He mar- ried as stated above and his widow survived but two years afterward, her death taking place May 26, 1874. Their burial was in the McClure Cemetery. They were members of the Presbyterian church. Eleven children were born to John and Susanna Bloom, as follows: Mary, who was born September 22, 1806, mar- ried Thomas Spackman, and died November 7, 1876; Efiie, who was born July 17, 1809, was the wife of Peter Mays, of Knox Town- ship, and died in August, 1900; Katherine, who was bom February 22, 181 1, died Decem- ber I, 1859; Abraham, who was born May 20. 1813, married Elizabeth Kyler and died De- cember I, 1862; Matthew, who was born May 12, 1816, married Sarah Polhamus and died in June, 1900; Margaret, who was bom August 22, 1818, was the wife of George W. Robins, and died December 26, 1878; George, who was JOHN 1. BLOOM AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 551 bom March 2, 1821, married first Hannah Car- son, and second, Jennie Replow, and died in February, 1905; David, who was born May 18, 1823, married Mary Sloss, and died Septem- ber 30, 1897; Sophia, who was born April 8, 1826, died in December, 1906, her first husband being Martin Hoover, and her second, James Leech; Abigail, who was born July 12, 1828, married John B. Garrison ; and John I. Bloom, of Pike Township, the youngest of the family and one of the two survivors. In boyhood, John I. Bloom first attended the cross roads school which was near the Price farm, a log building with very primitive ac- commodations. Later he attended the Bloom- ington school for three winter months. He then helped his father and brothers to clear off the land and to place it under cultivation. Being the youngest, he remained on the home- stead and after his brothers settled on farms of their own and his father grew old, he took over the entire management. When he came into full possession he erected the present com- fortable and substantial farm buildings. The land is all cleared with the exception of forty acres of valuable timber. A coal bank on the farm is leased to the Bloomington Coal Min- ing Company and its output is 400 tons daily. Until he retired from active labor, Mr. Bloom carried on general farming and was always considered a careful and judicious agricultur- ist. He has practically spent his entire life on this farm. During the Civil War he was twice drafted for military service but on both occa- sions was declined on account of physical dis- ability. Mr. Bloom was married August 22, 1854, to Miss Mary Frantz, who was bom May 5, 1838, in Clarion County, Pa., a daughter of George Frantz and Eliza (Taylor) Frantz. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Bloom : J. Showers, Jefferson, Eliza, Alice, Blake, Lucy, Frank, Annie, Howard and Willard. J. Showers Bloom was born December 11, 1855. He married Elizabeth McHenry and they had four children: Lavada (deceased); Winfield; Alverda, who is the wife of John Shaffer; and Lloyd, who married Pearl Bloom. Jefferson Bloom was born July 26, 1857. He married Mary Peterman and they had three children : Margaret, who is the wife of Abra- ham Holden ; Gro\-er who married Belle Hart ; and Lura, who married Calvin Rowles. Eliza Bloom was born June 8, i860, married C. M. Bloom, and they have three children: Thad- deus, who married Ella Byers; Milford, who married Clara Murphy; and Edna, who lives at home. Alice Bloom was born November 17, 1864 and married David Crider. Blake Bloom was born June 8, 1866, married Sarah Evans and they have one child, Rossie, who is a school-teacher in Clearfield County. Lucy Bloom was born March 29, 1870, and died No- vember 9, 1899. Frank Bloom was bom March 30, 1872, married Luella Wise and they have three children: Roland, Wilfred and Har- old. Annie Bloom was born March 9, 1876 and married O. B. Wise. Howard Bloom was born August 2, 1879 and married Delia Rowles. Williard Bloom was born November 21, 1881, married Emma J. Bloom and they have one son, Donald. Mr. and Mrs. Bloom are mem- bers of the Presbyterian church. He is a Dem- ocrat in politics and for sixteen years served in the office of constable. He is a member of generation. When John Bloom moved first the Bloomington Grange. Mr. Bloom is a very entertaining conversa- tionalist, having an excellent memory and a wide acquaintance with the other old families 552 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY of this section which have also assisted in its development. He also recalls much that his father told him and many of these tales of early times possess interest for the present to Clearfield County he settled near the river where a tannery now stands. One day a stranger came up the river and visited him with a tale of a valuable silver mine that he and some comrades had discovered in tliis vi- cinity, when they had made a hunting trip through this region, twenty years before. At that time, he represented, that five liunters had each carried ofif twenty pounds of silver to their distant liomes and all intended to return but he was probably the only one who ever came. After showing John Bloom a piece of the ore he said he liad picked up, Mr. Bloom con- sented, for hire, to assist him in finding the location of the mine, which the stranger repre- sented as being between Rock Lick and Pee- wee's Nest. They had no ax with which to blaze their path and thus they lost their way. Mr. Bloom and the stranger worked over two acres of land but without results and if there ever was a silver mine in that locality it prob- ably is still there. Among his father's posses- sions which Mr. Bloom has carefully preser^'ed and one that lie treasures highly, is a rifle that undoubtedly is 200 years old. It was given to John Bloom by an old pioneer. Its present owner has used it, in his earlier years being considered a fine shot and has brought down birds from a great distance. HON. DAVID S. HERRON, formerly bur- gess of DuBois, Pa., and at present city solic- itor, is one of the representative men of this borough, to which he came in 1883. He was born at Frankfort, Ky., April 24, 1843, an^l is a son of James Herron, who went from Penn- sylvania to Kentucky and then returned to In- diana County, Pa., where his death occurred. David S. Herron was quite young when his parents moved to Indiana County, and he was educated in the public schools and the Ohio State University, and was graduated from that institution with the class of 1865. He then read law in the office of Hon. H. W. Wier, of Indiana, Pa., and was admitted to the bar in 1868, after which he located in Beaver County and continued in the practice of his profession tliere for two years. He then went to St. Petersburg, Clarion County and remained there until 1883, when he came to DuBois. At that time this borough was in its infancy, as it were, but far-thinking men were even then convinced of its future development and certain importance. Mr. Herron has been an active and valuable citizen ever since coming here, taking a deep interest in all that has has brought about the general welfare. On the Democratic ticket he has frequently been elected to ofiice and has always done his duty whetiier at the head of municipal affairs or in a minor position. He has a large and lucrative prac- tice and maintains his office in the Deposit' Na- tional Bank Building, and he is a stockholder in the Falls Creek National Bank. On October 19, 1876, Mr. Herron was mar- ried to Miss Eva C. Dunning, of Buffalo, N. Y., and three children have been bom to them: James G., who is in business at Du- Bois, and married Lucy Burr: they have tliree children — Homer, .Arthur and Theodosha; Charles S., who is in the drug business at St. Mary's, Pa. ; and Lafayette. Mr. Herron is well known as a Free Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Petersburg and the Royal Arch at Kittanning, Pa., Pittsburg Commandery, and Jaiifa Temple, Mystic Shrine, at Altoona, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 553 Pa. He and his family reside at No. 28 Park Avenue, DuBois, Pa. CHARLES OLIVER MATTERN, a prosperous farmer and dairyman, residing on his well improved farm of ninety-five acres, situated in Decatur Township, Clearfield County, Pa., was born on the old homestead farm on which his father still resides, in Decatur Township, July 30, 1872, and is a son of George Perry Greene and Angeline (Conrad) Mattern, and a grandson of Samuel Mattern. Samuel Mattern was born and lived out his life on Spruce Creek, Huntingdon County, Pa., where the family can be traced back for 185 years and a farm there has been in the possession of the Mattern family for 125 years. The Matterns are of German and Swiss descent. Samuel Mat- tern was a hatter by trade, was also a mer- chant and, in association with his son, operated woolen mills. He married Mary Elizabeth King, who lived to the age of ninety-six years, while his life span was eighty years. They had seven children, namely: John W., who is now deceased, was a lawyer in Huntingdon County : Wil- liam, who is deceased, lived for a time in Clearfield County but subsequently re- turned to Huntingdon County; George Perry Greene; Catherine, who now lives on Coal Run in Decatur Township, was mar- ried first to George Tate and second to John R. Martin; Eliza Jane who spent her life on the old homestead ; one who died young in Spruce Creek ; and Mary Ann, who is the wife of Jeremiah Mattern and they live at Gaysport, Blair County, Pa. George Perry Greene Mattern was born August 6, 1826, on the old family home- stead in Huntingdon County and when he grew old enough he learned the hatter's trade and the woolen manufacturing busi- ness with his father. In 1855, with his brother William he came to Clearfield County where they took up land which was valuable on account of its coal deposits, but they were not able to pay for it and William then went back to Huntingdon County and the younger brother moved to a wild tract in Decatur Township, which was then cov- ered with a heavy growth of timber. There was an old abandoned church building on the place which Mr. Mattern converted into a residence and he set about clearing his two and one-half acres as speedily as pos- sible. Through his persevering industry he prospered and as he gradually added to his land from time to time he became possessed of a farm aggregating 200 acres. He married Angeline Conrad, who was of German extraction and was born Decem- ber 2, 1834, in Huntingdon County. Her parents were John and Mary Ann (Stone- breaker) Conrad, the former of whom, a shoemaker by trade, made his home at Franklinville. To George Perry Greene Mattern and his wife the following children were born : John Asbury, who is a minister in the Methodist Episcopal church, is located at Martinsburg, in Blair County; George Washington, who resides at Osceola; Mary Elizabeth, who is the wife oi Jacob Miller, of Decatur Township ; Lidie J. who resides with her parents, has been a school teacher for fifteen years; Charles Oliver; and Wil- liam Luman, who died at the age of four- teen years. The mother of the above fam- 554 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ily is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. For some twenty years George P. G. Mattern was a justice of the peace as well as school director and during a long period was secretary of the school board. The family is a long-lived one and both Mr. Mattern and wife retain their physical vigor and mental faculties to a remarkable degree. Charles Oliver Mattern obtained his edu- cation in the local schools and Stone Valley Academy, in Huntingdon County. He then interested himself in farming and dairying and was in the dairy business for three years at Osceola. In March, 1901, he bought the Walter B. Morgan farm in De- catur Township, a valuable property which he has improved by remodelling the build- ings and making changes that have trans- formed it into a model dairy farm. He is a man of practical knowledge along the line of his business and is deeply interested in everything that contributes to the advance- ment of agricultural conditions. He is a charter member of Moshannon Grange, Patrons of Husbandry, at Philipsburg, and the Odd Fellow Lodge at Osceola Mills. Mr. Mattern was married February 14, 1895, to Miss Luella Shipton, who was born at McAlevy's Fort, Huntingdon county, Pa., and is a daughter of J. Bilger and Clara (Harman) Shipton. After the death of Mrs. Shipton, Mr. Shipton moved to Philipsburg, where he still resides. Mr. and Mrs. Mattern have four children : Clara Lucinda, James Lawrence, Angeline Marks and William Luman. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics Mr. Mattern is identified with the Republican party and at present he is serv- ing on the township school board. He is numbered with Decatur township's repre- sentative men. WILLIAM HARRY THOMSON, min- ing superintendent and manager of a general supply store at Lee Hollow Mines, was bom in Greenwood township, Clearfield county. Pa., July I, 1872. His father was William Thom- .'^oii, and his mother in maidenhood Eliza Gary Williams, a daughter of David Williams. The Thomson family was established in this coun- try by John Thomson, who came from Scot- land, at an early day, settling in Clearfield county, Pa. This immigrant ancestor was ac- companied by his family, or at least, by his son John, the grandfather of our subject, who mar- ried a Miss Lord. William Thomson was born on the old Thomson homestead near Ansnnville, this county. When nineteen years old he enlisted for service in the Civil War, in the 9th Penn. Cavalry, his term being for three years. After the war he bought a tract of timber land at Cherry Corner and engaged in lumliering. His business career was however, short, for he was cut ofT at the early age of thirty years, in 1872. He was a member of the Baptist church, and was a Mason, belonging to the lodge at New Washington, Pa., of which he was a charter member. He was not active in politics. His wife, Eliza, survived him and is now living at Bower, in Greenwood township, at the age of 69 years. After Mr. Thomson's death she married for her second husband John W. Bell, a fanner and lumbennan of Green- wood township, who is now deceased. Of the first marriage there is now living, in addition to the subject of this sketch, a daughter. Mar- tha Margaret, who is the wife of Dr E. S- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 555 Corson, of Bridgton, N. J. One child was born of the second marriage, .\i T. Bell, who is engaged in farming at Bower. William Harry Thomson attended school until reaching the age of 17 years. His time was then occupied in fanning or in working in the woods or in the saw-mill until he was 20 and he also taught school for two temis. He then entered the normal school at Lock Haven, Pa., and after a two years' course was gradu- ated therefrom in 1894. Accepting the posi- tion of assistant school principal at Cambria, Pa., he remained there for one year, and sub- sequently entered the State college, from which he was graduated in 1899. In the following year he accepted a position with the Sterling Coal Company of Cambria county and re- mained with them two years as assistant super- intendent. He then came to La Jose, in the spring of 1903, becoming engineer for the Clearfield & Cambria Coal & Coke Company, and was later promoted to the position of su- perintendent of mines. He is also general manager of the New Washington Supply Com- pany, and in both positions has proved his ca- pacity as a good practical business man. He is a member of the Baptist church at Anson- ville, Pa. A Republican in politics, he has served on the school board of the borough. He belongs to the Masonic lodge at Clearfield. Mr. Thomson was married, October 22, 1903, to Emma Delilah Stephenson, whose father, James Stephenson, now deceased, came to America from Ireland when a boy, settling in Bell township. He married Eliza- beth Bell, who is also now deceased. Mr. and Mrs. Thomson have been the parents of two children : Helen Elizabeth, born May 27, 1906; and Glenn Elton, bom Dec. 30, 1909. GEORGE S. COPELIN, who is agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Mc- Cartney, Pa., has lived at this place for the past seventeen years, has invested in property and is one of the settled and representative citizens. He was born November 19. 1864, in Clearfield county, and is a son of David F. and Eliza Jane (Spanogle) Copelin. David F. Copelin was bom in Mifflin county, Pa., and was a veteran of both the Mexican and Civil wars. In the latter he was a member of Co. K, iioth Pa. Vol. Inf. He followed lumbering during his active years. He married Eliza Jane Spanogle, who was born in Center county, and they had the fol- lowing children born to them : Duke, Perr}', Electa, Charles, Miriam, George S., Fannie and Willis. George S. Copelin obtained his education in the public schools and the State College, spend- ing two terms in that institution. He then learned telegraphing with the New York Cen- tral Railroad and has been telegraph agent continuously ever since, in the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and stands high in the esteem of its officials with whom he is brought into contact. Mr. Copelin was married in November, 1896, to Miss Sarah Straw, a daughter of Henry and Emeline Straw, of Clearfield county. Mrs. Copelin's father was a lumber- man. She is one of the following family : Merritt, Elmer, David, Bmce, Camelia, Sa- rah, Alta, Margaret, Theresa, and Ruth. The last named is the wife of Robert Barnett. Ca- melia is the wife of County Treasurer Wil- liam Boyce. Mr. and Mrs. Copelin have had three children: David, Harold and Maude. Little David died when but three vears old. 556 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY They attend the Presbyterian church and own a nice home at McCartney. Mr. CopeHn be- longs to the Masons at I'hilipsburg. W. H. LIDDLE, justice of the peace and prominent citizen of Goshen township, Clear- field county, Pa., was bom April ii, 1856, in Brady (now Sandy) township, Clearfield county, and is a son of Andrew and Mary A. (Fleming) Liddle, and a grandson of James and Elizabeth (Crawford) Liddle. Andrew Liddle, father of Justice Liddle, was born in Ireland in 1820, but was early left an orphan and during boyhood experienced many vicissitudes. In March, 1848, he took pas- sage on a sailing vessel for America and landed at Philadelphia. He had worked as a farmer and gardener in his native land and secured employment along these lines with men who owned large estates near Wilmington, Del. As soon as he had acquired sufficient capital, he bought fifty acres of land for himself, a partially improved tract situated in Brady (now in Sandy) township, Clearfield county. Pa. In 1853 he was married to Mary A. Fleming, then a resident of Pittsburg, but a native of County Donegal, Ireland, and in her found a beloved companion and a cheerful and willing helpmate. Willi her assistance he greatly prospered and within ten years com- fortable buildings were erected on their farm, which had been gradually increased as to acre- age, and the time came when hundreds of acres belonged to this worthy couple, all earned through industry and frugality. To them the following children were bom: Fan- nie J., James A., William H., John T., John T. (2d), Fannie A., Eliza Jane, Mary E., An- drew J., Edwin M., and Samuel C Andrew Liddle and wife were members of the Episco- pal church at DuBois, Pa. In politics, Mr. Liddle was a Democrat and he was one of the first men in his township to be elected to the office of school director. William H. Liddle attended the public schools in Brady township and afterward en- gaged in teaching school and for fourteen years followed this occupation in which line of endeavor he met with success. In 1882 he look a commercial course in a business college, at Lebanon, C, and after his graduation re- turned to Clearfield county. On March 7, 1883, he married Miss Josephine Marsh, who died February 6, 1888; three children were born to this union : Celia and Josephine, now living, and John, who died at the age of 10 years. Her parents were Zacheus and Mary Marsh, natives of Dutchess county, New York. . On September 29, 1891, Mr. Liddle was mar- ried to Miss Gertrude M. Read, a daughter of John F. Read, of Lawrence township, Clear- field county. Pa. ; four children have been born to this union : Samuel C. and James I., living; and Paul and Evelyn, who died in in- fancy. In 1894 Mr. Liddle entered the busi- ness of general merchandise at Spangler, Cam- bria county, Pa., and continued in the business for three years when he sold out. In 1897 Mr. Liddle purchased his valuable farm of 165 acres, which lies in Goshen township, six miles northeast of Clearfield, and additionally owns forty-six acres of land in Sandy township, which was left him by his late father. In pol- itics he is a Democrat and on the ticket of that party has frequently been elected to town.ship offices, and has served as school director and road superintendent and for many years has been a justice of the peace and probably one of the most active officials in this relation, in the township. He is interested in everything that AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 557 particularly concerns this section, belongs to the Farmers' Alliance and Industrial Union, being one of the State officers; one of the leading insurance companies of the county, and almost since its organization has given support to die Grange, or Patrons of Hus- bandry. DAVID McINTOSH, who for forty years has been in the employ of the DuBois Lumber Company, at DuBois, Pa., and enjoys the dis- tinction of being the oldest man in point of service, on the company's payroll, is a well known and highly respected resident of this borough. He was born on his father's farm in Nova Scotia, August lo, 1843, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Kennedy) Mcintosh. John Mcintosh was born in Scotland, the second of a large family of children bora to William and Catherine (Murdock) Mcintosh. He was eleven years old when he accompanied his parents from Scotland to Nova Scotia. In his native land, William Mcintosh had been a road builder. He acquired large tracts of virgin land in Nova Scotia and became a man of independent means and owned enough land to enable him to leave each of his children a farm. Both he and wife lived into advanced age, her death occurring when she was eighty years old and his, in 1878, when he was over ninety years. John Mcintosh gave his father assistance in youth and later became a pros- perous farmer and lumberman and accumu- lated a modest fortune in selling lumber for ship building. He married Elizabeth Ken- nedy, who was born in Scotland and had ac- companied her parents to Canada in childhood. They both lived to be about eighty years of age, spending it in peace and good will to each other and to the community in which they were respected and appreciated. They were the parents of eleven children, namely : Wil- liam ; Agnes, who is the widow of George Brymer; David; James; Mary, deceased, who was the wife of Isaac McClain; John; Peter and Eliza, both of whom are deceased; Jessie, who follows the profession of a trained nurse, residing at Boston, Mass. ; and Robert and Clarence. David Mcintosh grew to manhood in his native land. He attended school during the winter seasons, from early boyhood until he reached maturity, his summers being spent in helping his father and working in the woods at lumbering. Mr. Mcintosh was twenty-six years of age when he decided to come to America and as he had so much knowledge of lumbering he naturally sought to establish himself in a lumber region, and thus came to DuBois, Pa. Here he entered the employ of John DuBois, on April 5, 1870, and thus be- came identified with the concern with which he has been continuously connected ever since. His first work was teaming, later he was sent by Mr. DuBois to Anderson Creek, where he remained two years working in the saw-mill. In 1874 he came back to DuBois and was placed in charge of the woods department of the business. Mr. Mcintosh has been a wit- ness of the development of DuBois from the forest into its present borough conditions. Forty years ago its site was all woods and one of the first duties to which he was assigned was the cutting down of trees along the newly built railroad to keep them from falling and obstructing the tracks. Many acres of now highly cultivated land in the vicinity of Du- Bois, was cleared by Mr. Mcintosh, in those early days. His business interests have, as mentioned above, always been with the same 558 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY firm and in tlie course of years he has accumu- lated valuable real estate, mainly situated in the Third ward, DuBois. His comfortable residence is situated at No. io6 Second ave- nue. Mr. Mcintosh was married in October, 1875, to Miss Rosa "M. McGee, a daughter of William McGee, who was an old settler of Beecli Woods. They have four children, namely : Elizabeth, who is the wife of W. C. Cooper, of Brewster, O. ; Robert, a resident of DuBois, who married Rosa Johnston, and they have four children — Helen, Alice, David and Warren; Warren, who is in business at DuBois, married Blanche Tliompson; and John, who resides at home. Mr. Mcintosh, with a true Scotchman's respect for learning, gave his children every educational advantage in his power, their opportunities being far bet- ter than his own were, in the little log school- house in far off Nova Scotia. Mr. Mcintosh and family are members of the Presbyterian church. He has been an active citizen in the building up and governing of DuBois and for three years was a \aluable and judicious mem- ber of the borough council. In his political views he is a Republican. WILLIAM A. GOULD, proprietor of a general store at Brisbin, Pa., in partnership with his brother, Thomas V. Gould, has been in the mercantile business at this point for the past twenty-two years, under the firm name of W. A. Gould & Bro., which firm also operates coal mines. Mr. Gould came here in 1877, but his native land is Wales, where he was bom July 29, 1859. His parents were George and Sarah (Davis) Gould. George Gould brought his family to Amer- ica in 1864 and located in Bradford county. Pa., where he became a mine superintendent and worked in the same capacity after moving to Huntingdon county, where he remained un- til 1873, when he came to Clearfield county. He took charge of the old Moshannon mine in Decatur township. At the time of his death, in November, 1900, he was living at Brisbin. His widow still survives and resides at Bris- bin, being in her seventy-eighth year. To George Gould and his wife eight children were born, five living at present, three dead, namely: Mary E., who is the widow of William Rosa- vear, of Parks City, Utah ; and John, William A., Thomas V. and George, all residing at Brisbin. William A. Gould was about fourteen years of age when the family came to Brisbin. Dur- ing 1875-6 he was a student in the State Col- lege, near Belle fonte. After he returned home he followed mine work for a short time and then became a clerk in a store at Brisbin and later at Houtzdale, and then entered the employ of the firm of Liveright & Co.. with which he continued for seven years. Mr. Gould then started into business for himself in partnership with L. A. Flenner, under the style of Gould & Flenner. Some five years later Mr. Gould bought his partner's interest and conducted the business alone for some time and then admitted his brother, Thomas v., to partnership, about 1900. This firm op- erates mines at Brisbin. also in Knox town- ship, and also in Cambria county. Mr. Gould is a stockholder and a member of the board of directors of the First National Bank of Osce- ola. He is widely known all through this sec- tion and has the deser\'ed reputation of being an upright business man and a useful citizen. In 1896 Mr. Gould was married to Miss Martha E. Greist, who was bom in Adams AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 559 county and was young when she came to Clearfield county with her parents, Nathan and Lucy Greist, who settled at Osceola Mills. Mr. and Mrs. Gould have one daughter, Sara, who is in school. Mr. Gould has been secre- tary of the school board at Brisbin for nine years, having been elected to this office on the Republican ticket. He is a member of the or- der of Odd Fellows at Brisbin and is promi- nent in Masonry, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Osceola; the Chapter at Clearfield; the Commandery at Philipsburg; the Consistory at Williamsport and Jaffa Temple, Mystic Shrine, at Altoona. WILLIAM HENRY STRICKLAND, burgess of the borough of Burnside and a prominent citizen of this part of Clearfield county, was born in York county, Pa., Novem- ber 1 6, 1842, son of Jacob and Mary Jane (Ault) Strickland. The father, who also was a native of York county, first came to this sec- tion with his son, our subject, in 1859, walk- ing from Milesburg to Frenchville, Clearfield county. After operating a saw mill for about a year he gave that up to take charge of Judge Lamb's water mill at Deer Creek, which he conducted for two years. He subsequently resided at Shawsville for two years, finally re- moved to Clearfield bridge, later moving to Clearfield, following the trade of shoemaker at that place, until his death, which took place in 1896, when he was 76 years old. In poli- tics he was a stanch Republican, and very ac- tive for his party. He married Mary Jane Ault, who died in 19 10 at the age of 93 years. She was the daughter of Joseph and Sarah Ault, natives of Lancaster county. Jacob Strickland and wife had a large family, and their children now living are as follows : George, who is foreman for a manufacturing concern at Curwensville ; Jacob, Jr., who is engaged in farming in Maryland; Mary (twin sister of Jacob), who is the wife of Alexander Flegel, of Ashtola, Pa. ; Joseph, a hotel pro- prietor in this county ; Emma Jane, who is the widow of Albert Walters, and William Henry, the subject of this sketch. William Henry Strickland, who was the second child of his parents, after completing his school studies, was employed in the saw mill industry with his father, until reaching the age of 18 years. In February, 1864, he enlisted for service in the Civil war and re- mained in the army until the close of the great struggle. He was in seventeen different en- gagements, or rather pitched battles, in Gen- eral Warren's command, and was slightly wounded at the battle of the Wilderness. On August 19, 1864, he was captured by the en- emy near the Petersburg & Weldon Railway and sent to Belle Isle prison, where he re- mained 43 days. He was then transferred to Salisburg, N. C, where he was kept until his release on March 28, 1865, being then in very bad physical condition from his confinement, insufficiency of food and the general treatment he had received as a prisoner. After passing through Atlanta and Augusta, he was sent to Washington, and further was stationed for a short time at Fortress Monroe, being finally mustered out at Harrisburg, Pa., June 2^, 1865. On his return from the war Mr. Strickland re-engaged in the saw mill business in Clear- field county, remaining two years, and then spending three years in the same business at Forest, Pa. He was subsequently engaged in lumbering for nine years at Morgan Run, re- moving later to Lodgeville, Pa., where he re- 560 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY sided ten years. From there he went to Sid- ney, Indiana county, where he remained five years. He then came to Clearfield county again and engaged in farnfing, in which occu- pation he continued seven years, or until 1894. In that year he entered into the hotel business in Arcadia, Indiana county, but after a tw^o years' experience in this line, took up his resi- dence in Burnside, where he now lives retired from active industrial life. A Republican po- litically and an active worker for his party, he was elected burgess of Burnside in 1908, although the honor was unsolicited and even undesired by him. He bowed to the will of his fellow citizens, however, and has made a ca- pable official. He has also served as a mem- ber of the school board. Mr. Strickland was married to Alary Re- becca Carr, who was born in Duncansville, Blair county. Pa., January 18, 1844, a daugh- ter of Alexander and Marj' Ann (Hoop) Carr. Mrs. Strickland's father, who was born in Ireland and came to America when a boy, settled in Cambria county. Pa. He subse- quently went out as a soldier in the war with Mexico and w as killed in battle. Mr. and Mrs. Strickland have been the parents of ten chil- dren, of whom there are seven now living — four sons and three daughters. LLOYD C. STEVENS, postmaster at McCartney, Pa., is manager of a general store at this point which is owned by his brother, Blair Stevens. Mr. Stevens w-as born May 2, 1856, and is a son of Henry and Susannah (Beck) Stevens, and a grandson of Vincent Stevens and Davis Beck. Henry Stevens and wife were both na- tives of Huntingdon county. Pa. He was a shoemaker by trade and later was also in- terested in farming. During the Civil War he organized and served as captain of Co. E, 45th Pa. \'ol. Inf. He married Susan- nah Beck and both are now deceased, their burial being at Lutheran cemetery. Center Line, Center county. They had the follow- ing children : John, who is deceased ; Blair, who is a merchant at Kerrmoor; Martha, who is the wife of Charles Blake ; Frank ; Lloyd C. : George ; Anna, who is the wife of Emory Stover; and Vincent, James, Abed- nego and Charles. Lloyd C. Stevens attended the public schools and had two terms of academic training in an institution conducted by the Society of Friends before one term at the W^arrior's Mark Academy, after which he taught school for five terms, four in Center county, and one in Blair county. In 1882 with his brother, Frank Stevens, he came to Clearfield, Pa., and they went into the farm implement business there and he re- mained in that place until 1892 when he came to McCartney where he is one of the leading citizens. He was appointed post- master during the period when Hon. John Wanamaker was postmaster-general. Mr. Stevens married Miss Jennie E. Con- fer, of Tyrone, a daughter of David M. and Anna M. (Wisegarber) Confer, natives of Bedford county, Pa. Mr. Confer was a rail- road man and met with an accidental death while at the post of duty. Mrs. Stevens is the third born in a family of seven children, as follows: Anna, who is the widow of J. D. Lucas; Leonora; Jennie E., Mrs. Ste- vens; Ella, who is the wife of Garvey Donald- son ; Ida R., who is the wife of William Gin- gery; Samuel Harry Blair; and Margaret, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 561 who is the wife of WiUiam H. Huss. Mr. and Mrs. Stevens attend the Presbyterian church at McCartney, but he is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church at An- sonville, and she of the United Brethren church at Tyrone. In politics Mr. Stevens is a Republican and formerly served as auditor of Jordan township and as treas- urer for one term, while at present he is a justice of the peace. IRA F. TATE, a representative citizen and general farmer of Goshen township, Clearfield county, Pa., where he owns ninety-six acres of valuable land, was born in this township. May 2^, 1868, and is a son of Matthew and Jane (Mead) Tate. Matthew Tate was born on Clover Hill, near Clearfield, and he purchased a part of the farm now owned by his son Ira F., prior to his marriage and erected several of the buildings which now stand. He was a farmer all through his years of strength and activity, and continued to reside on this farm until his death, which occurred in his seventy-ninth year. He was a man of ster- ling character, a member of the Methodist Episcopal church, a just neighbor and a broad-minded citizen. For a number of years he v^^as identified with the Goshen Grange. He married Jane Mead, who was born in Elk county, and who died at about seventy-six years of age. They had the fol- lowing children ; Margaret, who is now de- ceased ; Elizabeth, who is the wife of Wil- liam Lutz; Rachel, Allen, Emma, Mary, Samuel J. and Ada, all of whom are now de- ceased ; Bertha, who is the wife of George Fulton ; and Edith and Ira F. Ira F. Tate grew to manhood on the home farm and obtained a public school education in Goshen township. His busi- ness interests have been almost entirely agricultural and he has resided both before and since his marriage on the farm on which he was born. He has all of his land under cultivation, with the exception of forty acres still in woodland. He is a wide awake, progressive farmer, a member of the Go- shen Grange, and is numbered with the township's prosperous agriculturists. Mr. Tate married Miss Sarah Mor- rison, a daughter of George Morrison, a resident of Goshen township, and they have one daughter, Elma, who is yet a stu- dent. Mr. Tate and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Republican, but takes no active part in public affairs although, when occasion arises for him to express his opinion, his fellow citizens never fail to understand his attitude. He believes in good government, good schools and good roads. EDWARD FOWLER, proprietor of a blacksmith shop and owner of a comfort- able residence and sixteen acres of culti- vated land, on the outskirts of Madera, Pa., was born in February, 1864, in Clearfield county, and is a son of Ephraim and Rachel (Davis) Fowler. Both parents of Mr. Fowler were natives of Pennsylvania, the father of Wayne county and the mother of Luzerne countv. Ephraim Fowler spent his life mainly as a woodsman. He voted with the Democratic party but never desired to hold any public office. The four children born to Ephraim 562 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Fowler and wife were : Lewis, Edward, Ella, wife of Walter Kipp; and Tabitha, wife of Henry Schuyler. Edward Fowler attended school in his boyhood and afterward was variously em- ployed until the spring of 1886, when he learned the blacksmith trade in a shop at Holly, in Wayne county. For the last twenty-one years he has lived at Madera and has built up an excellent business. In 1 89 1 Mr. Fowler was married to Miss Edith Hill, a daughter of George W. Hill, who was a native of New York. Mrs. Fowler is the youngest of a family of seven children, namely: Matilda, William, Amanda, Levi, Ashley, Mary and Edith. To Mr. and Mrs. Fowler the following chil- dren were born: Joseph A. and George W., both of whom are manly and industri- ous young men who assist their father in the shop; and Angle, Kittie, Dewey, Lewis, Agnes and Theodore Roosevelt. Perhaps it is unnecessary to state that Mr. Fowler is a stanch Republican. He is a stockholder in the Madera National Bank. I JOSEPH JOHNSON, a well known busi- ness man of Clearfield County, who has been a resident of DuBois, Pa., since 1881, is a suc- cessful coal operator and one of the proprie- tors of the Rochester Coal Company, in Sandy Township and has additional interests. He was born May 4, i860, in Huntingdon County, Pa., and is a son of Thomas and Rose (Mc- Glone) Johnson. Thomas Johnson was bom in County Meath, Ireland, and when sixteen years old came to .America, the only member of his family. He stopped for short seasons in New York. Mary- land and Virginia before he reached Pennsyl- vania, when he settled in Huntingdon County and from there, in 1882, came to DuBois, which was then a very small place. He was a man of considerable enterprise as he opened up a quarry soon after locating here and later purchased another quarry from McCullough & Reed, and also was one of the pioneer coal mine operators. He was well known all through this section and had many friends. His death occurred in June, 1904, at the age of eighty-two years. He was married in Maryland to Rose McGlone, who died in her fifty-fifth year. They were the parents of twelve children, the three survivors of the fam- ily being: Mary, who is the wife of Samuel Witt; Joseph, and Patrick J. Joseph Johnson had but meager educational advantages, as he began to work in the coal mines when he was quite young and mining has been his main business ever since. .\s he grew older he took charge of his father's in- terests and when the latter died, Mr. Johnson and his brother, Patrick J., associated them- selves together and continued the business. In 1907 Jo.seph Johnson, Patrick J. Johnson and Thomas Kurens leased the old Rochester mines in Sandy Township, which they are de- veloping, they having proved a profitable in- vestment. The two Johnsons are also operat- ing the Jack McNamarrow stone quarry, which was opened in 1878 (Johnson Bros, now own it), and they, with F. P. Cummings, are en- gaged in the sewer and brick pavement con- tracting business. Mr. Johnson owns his sub- stantial residence at No. 25 N. Main Street, DuBois and has other real estate in the borough and also in Sandy Township. In January, 1907, Mr. Johnson was married to Miss Ella Kurens and they have one child, Francis Joseph, born April 11. 1910. They a 5 AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 565 are members of St. Catlierine's Catholic Church. Politically he is a Democrat and fra- ternally he is identified with the A. O. H. M. J. GILMARTIN, assistant superin- tendent of the Buffalo & Susquehanna Railroad, has been a resident of DuBois, Pa., since 1905 and has identified himself with the best interests of the place. He was born at Driftwood, Pa., February 6, 1877, and is a son of Thomas and Catherine ( Na- g-le) Gilmartin. Thomas Gilmartin, whose death occurred in 1905, at the age of seventy-eight years, was one of the old and trusted employes of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, which he had served in various capacities. He niarried Catherine Nagle and they had five children, namely: John, Mary, Winnifred, William and Mark James. Mark James Gilmartin attended the pub- lic schools of Driftwood and Sterling- Run, Pa., and when seventeen years of age be- came an employe of the Pennsylvania Rail- road Company as a section hand. He later was made a brakeman and was with the B. & S. Railroad at Austin, Pa., in 1897. He kept on upward, gaining promotion every few years, becoming freight conductor and then passenger conductor, and came to Du- Bois in that capacity in 1905. It is the wise policy of the railroad to thoroughly train every employe before advancing him and thus a promotion carries with it an assur- ance of efficiency. In April, 1908, Mr. Gil- martin was made assistant superintendent, succeeding G. H. Crissman. He is a well • informed, practical railroad man, and the end of his railroad career is not yet. Mr. Gilmartin was married in July, 1902, to Miss Harriet Pouliat and they have one daughter, Alice. They are members of the Roman Catholic church of St. Catherines, at DuBois, and Mr. Gilmartin belongs to the Ivnights of Columbus. Politically he is a Democrat. The family residence is No. 122 Park Avenue, DuBois. DANIEL W. HOOVER, a practical mil- ler, having charge of the A. McCardell mill in Burnside township, was born in Brad- ford township, this county, May 14, 1848. His parents were Abraham and Margaret (Murray) Hoover, and he is a grandson of Jacob Hoover, who settled in Clearfield county early in the 19th century. Abra- ham, who was a farmer, died in 1865 at the age of 64 years, and Jacob died, aged 84 years. Abraham Hoover was born in Clearfield county, March 4, 1881. In early manhood ne was engaged in lumbering, but later bought land and cleared a farm, being assisted in this labor by his sons. He had lost his mother when ten years old, at which time — in 183 1 — the father, Jacob, with his fam- ily had located in Graham township. He married Margaret Murray, who was born in 1825 and who died in 1902. Their family numbered twelve children, of whom ten are now living, as follows: Alfred, a wagon maker, residing in Illinois; Melinda, widow of D. Houser; Warren, a miner at Morris- dale, Pa. ; John, who is a coal operator in West Virginia ; Jasper, residing in Iowa ; Nelson, who is a contracting carpenter in Oregon ; Florence, wife of Dr. Maines ; Louisa, wife of John Baer of Pittsburg; Frank, a veterinary surgeon of Davis, 111. ; and Daniel W., the subject of this sketch. 566 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Abraham Hoover was a member of the United Brethren church. In politics he was a Democrat and held many local offices. Daniel W. Hoover, after attending school till the age of fifteen, became connected with the lumber industry, at which he worked during the winters, while he took up the milling trade as a summer occupa- tion, being thus engaged in his native county for four years. He then followed the miller's trade in Cambria county for a year and a half, after which, returning to Clearfield county, he was engaged in milling at Cherry Tree for five years. He came to Burnside in 1882 and for fifteen years thereafter re- mained with the H. Patchin family as mill operator. In 1894 he went to New Jersey, where he was engaged in the milling busi- ness for two years. Then returning to Pennsylvania, he bought a mill at Gar- man's Mills, Cambria county, and was lo- cated there for three years, being also en- gaged in the hotel business. He also car- ried on the latter business at Barnesboro, Pa., for two years. He then came to Burn- side, Clearfield county, to take charge of the A. McCardell mill, and has continued thus engaged up to the present time. He belongs to the I. O. O. F. lodge at Burn- side and in politics is a Democrat. He has served as borough treasurer two terms and has also been a member of the school board. Mr. Hoover was married in 1874 to Mary Ellen Phoenix, who was born in Clearfield county, Pa., April 10, 1854, a daughter of William Phoenix. Her mother's maiden name was Armstrong, and both her par- ents were natives of this county. Mr. and Mrs. Hoover have been the parents of six children: William W., who is a fireman. married Minnie Barrett and has four chil- dren ; Fannie is the wife of Henry Plouse of Glen Campbell, and has four children; Anna is the wife of Ed Clark, civil engineer, residing at Greensburg, Pa.; Alice is the wife of John Farr, of Green.sburg, and the mother of two children; Guy is a telephone operator in West Virginia; Frank C. is a resident of Hilewood, Pa. I. W. COWEN, who is engaged in the livery business at Madera, Pa., where he is a substantial citizen and leading business man, was born. June 4. 1861, in Becarria township, Clearfield county. Pa., and is a son of James and Rachel (Warrick) Cowen. James Cowen was one of the early volun- teers from Clearfield county to enter the Federal Army for service in the Civil War, in which he lost his life at the battle of Chanccllorsville. His widow subsequently married William Riddle. To her first mar- riage but one son. I. W. Cowen, was born, and to the second was one son, John D. Riddle. I. W. Cowen was a babe of but nine months when his father fell on the battle field. He first attended the country schools, but. as a soldier's son, being entitled to the advantages ofTered at the Soldiers' Orphans' Home in Huntingdon county, he was placed there and remained there until he was thir- teen years of age. He then went to work to take care of himself, entering the employ of Flynn Brothers, in the lumber business, and remained with that firm for thirteen years, which fact may be recognized as a pretty fair testimonial of the character of this soldier's son. He then bought a farm in Bigler township, Clearfield county, and AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 567 resided on it for three years, when he sold and bought his residence and other real es- tate at Madera. Mr. Cowen was married first to Miss Lydia Kingston, by Rev. C. A. Biddle, a minister of the Methodist Episcopal church. She died August 23, 1898, leaving one daughter, Roby. Mr. Cowen was married second, April 7, 1903, to Miss Matilda Lu- ther, a daughter of William and Eliza Luther, of Clearfield county. They attend the Presbyterian church. In politics Mr. Cowen is a Republican and has frequently been the choice of his party for township offices, serving nine years as auditor of Big- ler township, two years as tax collector of Gulich township, two years as judge of elec- tions of Bigler township and at present is a member of the board of supervisors. He belongs to the order of Odd Fellows at Houtzdale and is also identified with the Red Men and the P. O. S. of A. Since that date the capacity of the plant has been doubled, it now averaging 100,000 brick per day and employing 400 men. The plant, which is 560x100 feet in size, is the largest fire brick plant under one roof in the country, and the company receives its raw material from nearby land by the tram-road from its own 1,157 acres of fire clay land and 385 acres of coal land. The company uses about 100 tons of coal daily. Mr. Bickford is also connected with Arch David- son of Curwensville and Dr. Woodside of Lumber City in the Bickford Store Com- pany and the Bickford Meat Market, both of Curwensville. Mr. Bickford was married to Estelle Bowes, the daughter of W. T. Bowes, of Lock Haven, Pa., and to this union there has been born one child, S. M. Bickford, Jr. The pleasant Bickford residence is situated on State Street, opposite the B. R. & P. Ry. depot. S. M. BICKFORD, one of the leading business citizens of Curwensville, Pa., is secretary, assistant manager and assistant treasurer of the Bickford Fire Brick Com- pany, and is also identified with other large enterprises of this city. Mr. Bickford was born at Lock Haven, Clinton county, Pa., the third of the twelve children born to J. A. and Sarah (Bruner) Bickford. Mr. Bickford obtained his education in the local schools and early in life started in on a business career. He became asso- ciated with the Bickford Fire Brick Com- pany, of which his father. J. A. Bickford, is the general manager and treasurer, and this firm in December, 1907, bought the plant of the Curwensville Fire Brick Company. HON. GEORGE A. KXARR, who is en- gaged in a general mercantile bilsiness at Troutville, Pa., and is serving in the high- est borough office, being chief burgess, is one of the leading men of this section and is a worthy representative of one of the old pioneer families of Clearfield county. He was born March 15, 1869, at Troutville, and is a son of George L. and Elizabeth (Zil- liox) Knarr. The founder of the Knarr family in Clear- field county was George Knoerr, according to the German orthography, and he was born in Bavaria, Germany, and in 1831 came to America, accompanied by his family. He took up 200 acre of government land in Brady township, between Troutville and 568 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Luthersburg, and continued to live there until tiie close of his life, dying at the ad- vanced age of ninety-two years. His wife, Louisa, died before him. They had six children: Henry, Andrew, George, Adam (all long since deceased) ; Charlotte, who was the wife of Christian Haag (both de- ceased) ; and Caroline, who resides at Du- Bois, Pa., and is the widow of Andrew Weaver. Henry Knarr, the grandfather of George A., was eighteen years of age when the family reached Clearfield county. He bought ICO acres of land near Luthersburg, for tliree dollars an acre, and to this first purchase later added more land and con- tinued to live there during the rest of his life, his death occurring in 1886, when he was aged seventy-three years. In 1843 he married Catherine Marshall, who was also born in Germany, and she died at Trout- ville in 1898, at the age of seventy-two years. To Henry and Catherine Knarr seventeen children were born, their names being recorded as follows: George L., Caroline, Simon, David, Loraina, Henry S., Reuben. William, Fred, Adam, Mary, Sam- uel A., Ferdinand, Catherine. Louise, and two who died in infancy. George L. Knarr was born on the old Knarr homestead. May 25, 1846, and was reared there and helped to clear oflf a large part of the brush and timber, but later learned the shoemaking trade, which he followed at Grampian and later at Trout- ville. He built up a large shoe business after factories commenced to turn out shoes in such numbers that hand-made shoes were not in such great demand, and gradu- ally added other goods to his stock until he found himself a general merchant and doing well. He conducted this business from 1876 until shortly before his death, December 31, 1910, and was always known as a man of business honor and the strict- est personal integrity. He was a Democrat and loyally supported his party's candidates, and was active in the fraternal order of Knights of Pythias. With his wife he be- longed to the Lutheran church. George L. Knarr was married first in 1867 to Elizabeth Zilliox. who was born in lirady township and died here leaving three chil- dren; George Adam; Mary Emma, who is the wife of J. E. Rishel ; and Sarah Annie, who died at the age of two months, August 22, 1874. The mother of these children died June 2y, 1874, aged 24 years, 6 months and 24 days. The second marriage of George L. Knarr was to Annis B. Johnson, who survives him. George Adam Knarr attended school at Troutville until his father considered him old enough to be entrusted with duties in the store and he helped his father as a clerk until he was seventeen years old, when he began to carry the mail between Troutville and Luthersburg, this being prior to the construction of the B. R. & P. line from DuBois to Punxsutawney. He is still car- rying mail, his route now being from Trout- ville to Skyesville, and his present term will expire in July, 1913. He has been other- wise interested, for twelve years being sec- retary of the Troutville branch of the German National Building and Loan Association, of Pittsburg, and for five years secretary of this branch for the Jamestown Building and Loan Association. He is a stockholder in the Citizens' Building AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 569 and Loan Association at DuBois, and has been interested there since 1889. Mr. Knarr is also a stockholder in the Deposit National Bank at DuBois. In December, 1893, Mr. Knarr was mar- ried to Miss Florence Margaret Weber, a daughter of J. F. Weber, of Skyesville, and they have one son, Carroll B., who was born July 19, 1896. Shortly before the death of his father, Mr. Knarr succeeded to the mercantile busi- ness he had founded and the son also bought the homestead farm of eighty-seven acres, which is situated near Troutville. He has been a very active citizen and enjoys the confidence of his fellow citizens to such a degree that they have frequently sought him to accept public office. For several years he has served as tax collector and in 19 10 was made burgess of Troutville bor- ough, and has administered public afifairs with the same careful attention that he has ever devoted to his own. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias at Troutville, and is a past grand of Mingle Lodge No. 753, I. O. O. F., same place. In politics he is a stanch Democrat. M. F. SHIMEL, one of the busy and substantial business men of Boggs town- ship, who owns 120 acres of excellent land here, is also the proprietor and operator of a chop and shingle mill at Wallaceton, Pa. He was born in Boggs township. May 11, 1861, and is the fourth child of G. W. and Margaret (Shaw) Shimel. G. W. Shimel, father of M. F., was born in Clearfield county, a son of G. W. Shimel. He was a carpenter by trade and also en- gaged in farming in Boggs township for 33 many years. He married Margaret Shaw, who was also born in Clearfield county, and their children were: Alice (deceased); D. D., N. J., M. F., C. W., I. G., and L. L., all prosperous business men; and Alice (2d), who is the wife of Harry Peters. The par- ents of this family were members of the Church of God. I\I. F. Shimel obtained his education in the common schools, after which he learned the carpenter's trade and to some degree he has followed it all his life, together with saw-mill work. For ten years before he purchased his mill at \\'allacetown he oper- ated it on rental, but in 1907 he bought the mill and with the assistance of his sons he has operated it to great advantage ever since. He owns twenty acres in the home farm and 100 acres in a second farm, both tracts lying in Boggs township. Mr. Shimel was married in 1884, to Miss Susan Kephart, a daughter of Benjamin F. and Jane (Geargart) Kephart, early families in Clearfield county. Mrs. Shimel was the fifth born in the following family: Jessie; William P. ; Edward ; Pauline, deceased, who was the wife of Ellis Smeal ; Cornelia, deceased, who was the wife of Samuel Ritchey : Mary, who is the wife of Abraham Wisor; and Susan. Mr. and Mrs. Shimel have the following children : Ellsworth, Berva, Homer. Beulah, Eva, Willard, Wes- ley. Esther and Clyde. The eldest daugh- ter is the wife of Henry ^^'illett. Mr. Shimel and family are members of the Church of God. With his sons Mr. Shimel casts his vote with the Prohibition party. GRANT CATHCART, a well known citizen and successful agriculturist of Knox 570 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY township, Clearfield county, Pa., owns a valual)le property containing no acres, which is situated one mile east of Olanta, Pa., near Turkey Hill. He was bom Feb- ruary 8, 1868, on this farm which is part of the old homestead, and is a son of James Cathcart. James Cathcart was long a prominent citi- zen of Knox township. He was born near Glen Hope, Clearfield county, in 1829. and died July 2^, 1884, at the age of fifty-five years. His was the first funeral in Mt. Zion cemetery, which tract of land he had do- nated to the Mt. Zion Methodist Episcopal church. James Cathcart came to Knox township with his parents and spent his life on this farm, clearing the land and erecting substantial buildings which still stand. He acquired a large amount of property, at one time owning 600 acres in Clearfield county, 300 of which are yet owned by his family. He was a loyal supporter of the Union cause during the War of the Rebellion, and broke down his former robust health through three years of army service. He was a member of Co. F, looth Pa. Vol. Inf., the famous "Roundheads." After he re- turned to Knox township his subsequent life was spent in farming, lumbering and raft- ing. In politics he was a Rcpul^lican and the only fraternal organization with which he was connected was the Grange. James Cathcart married Rachel Flegal, who was born at Morrisdale. Pa., and whose death occurred March 8, 191 1. Nine chil- dren were born to them, of whom four sur- vive, namely: D. W., of Altoona ; \V. W.. and Grant, both of Knox township; and Cora, who married a Mr. Shelow. Grant Cathcart obtained his education in his native township, mainly at the Turkey Hill school, and afterward became his father's assistant on the home farm, where he has always lived with the exception of two years following his marriage, when he resided at Glen Hope. He carries on gen- eral farming and stockraising, and is surrounded with all the comforts and con- veniences which, in these modern days, make country life the most desirable and in- dependent of all. In 189J Mr. Cathcart was married to Miss Catherine Noel, a daughter of John and Josephine Noel, of Belsena Mills, and they have ten children, namely: James \V., Vin- detta. Hazel, Harry, Delia, Helen, Charles, Paul Lewis, Elvin and Evelyn. Mr. Cath- cart and family attend the Methodist Epis- copal church. In politics he is an Indepen- dent Republican, being a man who does his own thinking, and he has never consented to hold any township office. He is an inter- ested member of the Grange, Patrons of 1 lusbandry. AARON NELSON WORK, contractor and builder, doing a large business in this line at DuBois, Pa., has been a resident here since 1894. He was born June 26, 1867. in Indiana county. Pa., and is a son of Aaron and Elizabeth (Spencer) Work. Aaron Work was a son of John Work j^nd he came to Indiana county with his parents in his youth. He acquired a farm along a water course but preferred to work as a barn builder and it is said that even after he was eighty years of age he might often be found working on a barn roof. His death occurred in 1891, when eighty-si.x years of age. His first wife, Nancy (Smith) Work, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 571 died in Indiana county, the mother of ten children, two of whom survive, Robert H. and Polly. Aaron Work was married sec- ondly to Elizabeth Spencer, a native of In- diana county, and eight children were born to them : Domosthenes, George, Aaron, Nelson, Alexander, Thomas B. and three daughters who died young. Aaron Nelson \\'ork spent his boyliood on the home farm in Canoe township, In- diana county, not far from Richmond, Pa., and until he was fourteen years of age at- tended the little red schoolhouse near his home. He then began to help his father in the latter's saw-mill and in barn building and thus gained much practical knowledge that he put to good use afterward. In 1894 Mr. Work left Indiana county and moved with his family to DuBois, where he entered into the employ of John E. DuBois as a car- penter, and remained as such for three years, after which he superintended the construction of several of the largest busi- ness houses in the place — the D. L. Corbett dry goods store, working under A. Dorner, Hotel DuBois, working for the hotel com- pany. In 1900 he began contracting for himself and has met with more than ordi- nary success along this line. In fact he has been actively interested in the construction of the leading business structures, school- houses and churches, and among the many fine buildings in this borough may be men- tioned the following as examples: Com- mercial Hotel, Central Y. M. C. A., Presby- terian Parsonage, Senor building, Robin- son Furniture Company building, Lowe building. Power and Electric plant, B. & S. Shaft No. 2, Friendship Hose House, in the First Ward, and the Cannon and other resi- dences. He buiit the stately private resi- dence of A. Gocellis, at Falls Creek, which cost $35,000; and the Normal School build- ing at Dayton, Pa. He is a large employer of skilled labor and his men work under the best industrial conditions. He furnishes estimates on any department of building and his facilities are such that he is able to suit all tastes and purses. He is vice president of the Falls Creek Planing Mill, which was established in 1904, with Mr. McHarl as president. He maintains his office at his residence, No. 314 E. Webber Street, Du- Bois. In 1888 Mr. Work was married to Miss Zelda Colkitt, a daughter of John and Mary (Hoover) Colkitt, and they have three chil- dren : Wilburg, Nora J. and Emma D. Mr. Work is a member of the United Presbyte- rian church. He is very active in the cause of temperance and is chairman of the Prohi- bition party at DuBois. He is a director in the Y. M. C. A. and also is a director in the Citizens' Loan Association. JAMES W. McGEE, proprietor of the McGee lumber mill in Bell township, was born on the old McGee homestead in this township. May 6, 1846, son of Thomas A. and Mary (Holmes) McGee. He is a grandson of the Rev. James McGee. who with his wife, whose name in maidenhood was Mary Barnhart, came to this section from Center county in 1826. James McGee was the first postmaster at McGee's Mills, when the first mail route was established between Curwensville and Indiana in 1833 and the postofifice has been conducted by one member of the family or another ever since. The first grist mill in this locality 572 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY was built by Thomas A. McGee, and the McGees were charter members in i860 of the pioneer M. E. church in Bell township. W hen Troutdale Grange, Xo. 677, was or- ganized in 1876, H. McGee was its first sec- retary, all of which shows that the family have taken an active and leading part in local affairs ever since their first settlement here in the first half of the 19th century. Thomas A. McGee, father of our subject, was born in Center county, Pa. His wife, Mary, was the daughter of John and Mary (Atkinson) Holmes. Their family in- cluded three other children besides James, namely: William, who is engaged in the lumber business in California; Henry H., who is a farmer and lumberman residing in Bell township; and Susannah, who is the wife of W. T. MahafTey, of Clearfield, Pa. James W. McGee, after his school studies were over, became connected with the lum- ber industry, working for his father, and he has since continued in the business, operat- ing timber lands in this section. For the past fifteen years also he has been inter- ested in timber lands in the South. He has enjoyed a gratifying degree of prosperity and is numbered among the prosperous citi- zens of his township He is well advanced in the Masonic order, belonging to the lodge at Curwensville, the Chapter at Clearfield, Bellfonte Commandcry, and the Shrine at Pittsburg. He was married to Esther E. McGee, of Indiana county, Pa., who was born Febru- ary 2, 1850. at Homer City, that county, daughter of Robert McGee. Mr. and Mrs. McGee are the parents of children as fol- lows: Lsabella, is the wife of Charles Sprenkle of Kane, Pa., and has five chil- dren; William is a bookkeeper residing in Philadelphia and is married; Margaret is the wife of Z. McFarland, of Clearfield county, and has two children ; Roger K., is a civil engineer residing in Pittsburg; Helen S. is a school teacher at Hastings, Pa. ; Ruth is attending the normal school at Indiana, Pa. ; Walter resides at home. Mr. McGee is a Democrat politically and an active worker for his party. He has served on the school board and in other of- fices. When a young man he had some ex- perience on the river and on one occasion conducted a raft down the river to Lock Haven without assistance, he being the en- tire crew. He has always shown himself a man of activity and resource and is uni- versally recognized as one of the useful citizens of the township. FRANK SMITH, one of Lawrence town- ship's busy, enterprising and successful men, is in the lumlier and saw mill business, owning a portable mill and leasing large tracts of land for his purposes. He was born December 20, 1869, in Girard township, Clearfield county, Pa., and is a son of Isaac and Fanny Smith. The father of Mr. Smith was a man of con- siderable prominence in Clearfield county, serving many years as a justice of the peace and as secretary of the township school board, and at the time of his death, in January, 1905, owned 800 acres of land, the timber on which is worth $8,000, many hundred acres also be- ing rich in coal deposits. His widow survives and resides on the home farm in Girard town- ship. Frank Smith obtained a public school edu- cation in Girard township and then went into the lumbering business, in fact has been in- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 573 lerested in this industry from boyhood, having begun by cutting, hauling, and rafting timber to be taken to market via the Susquehanna river. He followed this business, going down the river each year for eighteen succes- sive years, spending the summers in the bark woods, always working by contract where possible. In 1893 Mr. Smith purchased 300 acres of timber land lying along the West Branch of the Susquehanna river and spent several years in profitably clearing same and in 1908 sold the land to Isaac Stage of Clearfield, Pa. In 1897 he bought one hundred acres of land in West Keating township, Clinton county. When this was cleared he sold, in 1910, to James McGonigal. He has some 750 acres of timber land under lease at the present time, keeps three of his own teams at work and gives constant employment to from five to twelve men. For two years after his mar- riage he resided at Clearfield, where he built a residence and a store and engaged in business as a merchant. He then sold the store to E. L. Shirey and resumed his lumbering inter- ests, first in Bradford township, then in Gra- ham township and later in Lawrence township. Before coming to this section he had already cut more than 2.500 acres of land. Mr. Smith is a practical lumber man and his advice is worth taking concerning everything pertain- ing to this industry. In 1909 Mr. Smith pur- chased 124 acres of coal land in Boggs town- ship, which promises to be profitable when de- veloped. Mr. Smith married Miss Ora Holt, a daugh- ter of Reuben and Margaret (Forcey) Holt, and they have one son, Leslie Clair. In poli- tics he is a Republican. He is a member of the Clearfield lodge of Odd Fellows. ISAAC BEISH, who is one of the best known residents of Boggs township, where he has lived since lie was three years old, is also one of the most substantial, being the owner of 235 acres of valuable land here. He was born in Bradford county. Pa., May 7, 1844, and is a son of John and Rachel (Lyons) Beish. John Beish was a very enterprising business man and was well enough educated to be a successful school teacher for a number of years and to administer in the office of a jus- tice of the peace, in Clearfield county, for thirty years. He also was a lumberman, a farmer, and proprietor of a hotel. He mar- ried Rachel Lyons and they had the following children born to tfiem: Orrila, Isaac, J. J., Emma, and Mar\'. Emma married Harry Butler, and Maiy married John Bumbarger. Isaac Beish obtained his education in the country schools, in reading, and in association with others, and is a well informed man and one whose judgment is relied on by his fellow citizens. They have elected him. on the Dem- ocratic ticket, to numerous township offices and at present he is serving as school director and as tax collector, and has also been town- ship supervisor. His business interests have always been along the lines of farming and lumbering. . In 1867 Mr. Beish was married to Miss Ellen Jane Bennehoof, who died in 1900, her Inirial being in the Bigler cemetery, in Brad- ford township. To Mr. and Mrs. Beish the following children were born: John; Isaac; Lenora, who is deceased ; Emma, who is the wife of Ellsworth Ruffner; Lavina. who is the wife of James Twoey; William; Clara, who is the wife of Harvey Knepp; and Howard and Rhoda. Mr. Beish is interested in sev- 574 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUN'TY eral fraternal organizations, belonging to the Knights of Pythias and the Jr. O. U. A. M.. and is also a member of the Grange. \\'ILLL\M ^L CATHCART, one of Clear- field County's most highly respected retired fanners and substantial citizens, resides on the line separating Knox and Pike Townships and is one of the largest landowners in this section. In addition to 312 acres lying in Knox Town- ship and a one-half interest in 100 acres more in that township, he owns 160 acres lying part- ly in Knox and partly in Pike Township. Mr. Cathcart was bom at .Vnsonville, Clearfield County, Pa., February 24, 1827, and is a son of David J. and Keziah (Wilson) Cathcart. David J. Cathcart was bom in Ireland but from the age of twelve years spent his life in Clearfield County, Pa. When he reached man- hood he married Keziah Wilson, who was born in New Jersey, and nine children were born to them, namely: Eliza Ann, William M., James, Martha, Mary, Ellen, Amelia, Sarah and Wilson. After marriage David J. Cath- cart and wife located at .\nsonville, where he engaged in farming, slioemaking and teaching school. Later he acquired a fami of 312 acres in Knox Township, tlie same now owned by his son, William M., and lived on this place until his death, at the age of seventy-seven years and iiis burial was in private grounds on his own place. His wife lived only to lie fifty- five years of age and her burial was in the same place. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. On account of an injur}' to his knee, Mr. Cathcart did not succeed in clearing more than thirty acres of his land. William M. Cathcart remembers his early school days at Glen Hope, when logs roughly hewn .served as seats in llic iiriniitive cabin where he learned his first lessons. He was twelve years old before he ever saw a real school house, at Turkey Hill, where he at- tended one month. His opportunities were meager, as his services were needed on the farm in the summers and in the woods, getting out liml)er, in ilie winters. .After his first marriage he settled on a part of the homestead farm and made use of the buildings then standing, but these were later destroyed by fire and he erected new ones. In 1885 he moved to Olan- ta but continued to partially look after his farm interests, although his son, Edward Cathcart, was the general manager of the fann industries. Mr. Cathcart sold some land adjacent to Olan- ta, two acres to a coal copmany, which has been divided into lots and improved ; one acre to John Otter; two acres to Charles Nomian and Que and three-quarter acres to a company at the mines, contracting in tlie sale of this land that only reputable people shall be admitted as res- idents, in this way insuring a first class citizen- ship. Mr. Cathcart has leased an open coal bank on his farm to the firm of Brown, Snyder & Co. He has had other interests, at one time owning iTx) acres of land in California, which he sold, and both he and wife are stockholders in the Curwensville National Bank. Mr. Cathcart was married first to Martha Jane Read, in June. 1859, a daughter of Ross - Read, formerly of Lawrence Township. She died in May, 1893, and her burial was at Mt. Zion Cemetery in Kno.K Township. She was a member of the Presbyterian church. The five children born to this marriage were as fol- lows : Edward who is now deceased, married .Alice Ferguson, and three of their children sur- vive: Edith Ann, who died at the age of eight years; Mary Alice, who died at the age of four years; Emma Olive, who died aged si.x- WILLIAM M. CATIieAKT AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 577 teen years ; and Harry Allen, who is now asso- ciated with his father, relieving him of many responsibilities, resides in Pike Township. He married Rhoda Norris and they have three liv- ing children. In August, 1897, Mr. Cathcart was married to Miss Rebecca Dunlap, a daugh- ter of John and Martha (Read) Dunlap. Mr. and Mrs. Cathcart are members of the Lutheran church at Olanta. In politics he is a Repub- lican but has never consented to accept any office of a public nature. JACOB W. CORP. who is engaged in the butchering business and also owns eighty acres of farm land situated one mile east of Luth- ersburg, in Brady township, Clearfield county, Pa., is one of the representative citizens of this township, of which he has been clerk for the past thirty years. He was born in Brady township, in 1839, and is a son of Henry and Mary Corp, natives of Gennany. In 1837 the parents of Mr. Corp came to America and located near Luthersburg, on what is now the Knarr stock farm, having five children at that time, three more being subse- quently born to them. The family record is as follows : Henry W. and Frederick, both of whom are deceased; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of Henry L. W^eaver, also deceased; Adam and Lavina, both of whom are deceased, the latter having been the wife of John W. Owens, also deceased: Eliza Ann, deceased, who was the wife of William Wil- son, also deceased; Jacob Walter; and George, who was bom in 1841 and now lives in Mis- souri. The mother of Jacob W. Corp died when he was three years old and his father was ac- cidentally killed by a horse, in 1857. From 1842 until 1855 he grew up in the family of Peter Arnold and learned practical farming and also was given school opportunities. In 1859 he attended the Clearfield Academy and afterward taught school in Brady and Union townships for some four years, through the winter seasons. In 1870 he started in the butchering business on his farm at Coal Hill, and for twenty years supplied meat to the lumbermen on Anderson Creek, driving his own wagon and frequently covering thirty miles a day. He still operates his wagon and deals quite extensively in livestock. This farm was a wilderness when he bought it from J. M. Armagost but Mr. Corp has cleared it all with the exception of four acres and has put up all the substantial buildings. He is a tire- less worker and through his good manage- ment and business foresight, has a great deal to show for his industry. On October 3, 1861, Mr. Corp was married to Miss Mary Welty, a daughter of David Welty, of Union township, and they have had these children: Hannah, who is the wife of Os- car Seyler and they have two children — Feli- cia and Eugene ; David, who died young ; Ira M., who died at the age of eighteen years ; Net- tie, who married David Bonsol, and they have four children — Ivan, Oleeta, Oscar and Wal- ter; Eva, who lives at Grampian; Willis, who died at the age of fourteen years; Mary, who married Edward H. Harmon (they have six children — Florence, Raymond, Ralph, Bessie, George and Grace, and live at Helvetia) ; James N., who married Pearl Neff (they have three children — Walter, Melvin and William, and live at Luthersburg) . Mr. Corp and fam- ily are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and he has been superintendent of the Sunday school for thirty years. Formerly he was an active member of the order of Amer- 578 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ican Meclianics and served three years in tlie office of deputy state councilor. He votes as his judgment approves, in local matters and in National affairs gives support to the Prohi- bition party. Mr. Corp is also a member of Pomona Grange. MILES R. PORTER, who was bom in Lawrence township, Clearfield county. Pa.. May 12, 1853, is a representative citizen and prosperous farmer of Pike township, where he owns 150 acres of fine land, situated two miles east of Cunvensville. His parents were Rob- ert and Jemmima (Read) Porter. Robert Porter was born in County Tyrone. Ireland, on November 25. 181 5, and came to America in 1835. After a few months spent in Philadelphia. Pa., he came to Lawrence township. Clearfield county, where he found emplo\Tnent as a farmer in the summers and as a lumberman in the winters. He was indus- trious and saving and after his marriage. July 6. 1844, bought 125 acres of land in Lawrence township, three and one-half miles south of Clearfield. For five years prior to that he had rented land and when he moved from the farm in Lawrence township he bought and settled on the farm of 150 acres in Pike township, which is now owned by his son. Miles R. Por- ter. He came here in 1873 and continued to live on this farm until his death, in May. 1898. He was a Democrat in politics and sensed as school director and road supervisor. As long as he was strong and active he was a hard worker and cleared 100 acres of his first farm. The present one was already cleared when he purchased it. He married Jemmima Read, who died in January, 1903. They were members of the Presbyterian church. The following children were born to them: Elizabeth, who is the widow of W. R. McPherson, of Clear- field ; Emma, who is the widow of R. A. Hol- den, of Clearfield; W. A., who married Susan Conly, of Wilmington, Del; Miles R. ; Robert F., who is a practicing lawyer of Kansas City, Mo. ; James M., who is a resident of Clear- field; Helen J., who is the wife of James Conly, of Wilmington, Del. Miles R. Porter attended the Pine Grove school in boyhood. He then spent two years in the high school at Clearfield and attended Normal School two terms. Later he took a commercial course in a business college in Philadelphia, after which he became a school teacher and met with much success in this line of work. Iiaving taught in Chest township in Bigler. Woodland and Winterburn. He was principal of the school at the latter place for one term. Mr. Porter then went into the lumber business and for ten years was inter- ested in a saw and shingle mill on Clearfield Creek. After his marriage he settled on this farm and for ten years before his father's death was its manager. In 1904 his house was destroyed by fire and the present substantial one was erected by him the same year. Mr. Porter carries on general fanning and also operates a small coal mine on his place. On June i, 1898, Mr. Porter was married to Miss Mary K. Bryan, a daughter of Judson and Anna (Longwell) Bryan. Mrs. Porter was born at Savona. N. Y. Mr. and Mrs. Porter have two children: Katharine R.. who was born October 8. 1899; and Eleanor A., who was bom August 30. 1909. They are members of the Presbyterian church at Cur- wensville, Mr. Porter being an elder and a trustee. He is one of the township's substan- tial men. being, a stockholder in the County National Bank, and also of the Farmers and AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 579 Traders Bank, both of Clearfield. He has been identified with the Democratic party since manhood. Mr. Porter has been a member of Pittsburg Consistory for many years, and he belongs to the Grange at Curwensville. SAMUEL M. JONES, superintendent of Red Jacket Junior mine, of the Lehigh Valley Coal Company, in Boggs township, Clearfield county, Pa., is a thoroughly experienced man in his line of work and is also a representative and substantial citizen of Blue Ball, where he owns considerable real estate. He was bom in Franklin county. Pa., August 22, 1857, and is a son of John T. and Sarah Jane (Neal) Jones. John M. Jones was born in Franklin county, Pa., which was his home through life. He was a son of Samuel Jones, and a grandson of James and Polly Jones. James Jones was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. John T. Jones was a farmer by occupation. He was a loyal and patriotic citizen and served three years in the Civil war. He married Sarah Jane Neal, a daughter of Henry Neal. Both Mr. and Mrs. Jones are now deceased. They were highly esteemed people in their neighbor- hood and were consistent members of the Re- formed church. They had the following chil- dren born to them: Irene D., who is the wife of Rev. Joseph R. Jones, who is pastor of a church of the United Brethren faith, at Balti- more, Md. ; Mary S., who -is deceased, was the wife of Henry Wright; Samuel M. ; Susan E., who is the wife of B. F. Guyer; Sarah J., who is now deceased, was the wife of Alexander Hoover; J. H. K. ; and Ellen C, who is the wife of B. A. Jones. Samuel M. Jones was educated in the public schools in Franklin county and in a Methodist college at Mt. Pleasant, la. He then entered the employ of the McCormick Manufacturing Company and became general agent of the \\'estern District, with headquarters at Chi- cago, continuing as such for two years. Mr. Jones returned then to Franklin county for a short time but in 1882 came to Clearfield county. He engaged in farming on a tract of sixty-five acres, in Boggs township, which he owns, afterward taking up his present line of work and has been either mine foreman or mine superintendent ever since. He still owns his farm of 157 acres, in Franklin county, and has a half dozen pieces of improved real estate at Blue Ball. Mr. Jones was married August 19, 1885, to Miss Allie Johnston, a daughter of Charles Johnston, who now is a resident of Wiscon- sin. Mrs. Jones has one brother, John John- ston. Air. and Mrs. Jones have had fourteen children bom to them, all of whom survive ex- cept the eldest, Maggie E. The others are : John v., Clara Bertha, Harvey E., Bessie V., Earl McKinley, Sarah, Ida May, Irene, Theo- dore Roosevelt, Paul W., Nora E., Harry P. and Lester. The eldest son, John V., is a sol- dier in the U. S. Army and at present is sta- tioned at Honolulu. Mr. Jones and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a Republican in politics and has served in public office at various times, for a number of years being a member of the school board and twice its president since coming to Blue Ball. He is president of the Clearfield Directors Association and has served in the office of justice of the peace. For many years he has been identified with the Odd Fellows and belongs to the Encampment as well as the 580 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY lower branch, and he is a member also of the Elks, the Junior O. U. A. M., and the I. O. O. F. WILLIAM H. BROWN, a lifelong resi- dent of Clearfield county and a representative business man of DuBois, engaged in the gro- cery business in this borough, is located on the comer of Weber and Church streets. He was born on his father's fann in Huston township, Clearfield county. Pa., October ii, 1861, and is a son of Charles and Mar>' A. (Goss) Brown. Charles Brown was born in Amistrong county. Pa. He was a farmer and lumbemian for many years and was a well known man in Sandy township, Clearfield county. He mar- ried Mary A. Goss, who was bom in Indiana county, Pa., and they ixJth died in Clearfield county. They had three children : George W., who lives in Sandy township; Samuel I., who lives in Union township, and \Villiam H. William H. Brown was reared on the home farm and attended the country schools and later the summer sessions of the nomial school at Grampian, Pa., after which he taught school for six terms. He then returned to the home farm in Sandy township and later he and his father opened a general store at Sabula, Clearfield county, and afterward, William H. Brown condycted a similar lousiness at Home- camp. In 1905 he came to DuBois and started in the grocery business and moved into his present well arranged quarters in 1909. He carries a large stock of both staple and fancy groceries and conducts his business along those lines which have brought him the confidence and patronage of the best people of the bor- ough. Mr. Brown was married Deceml)er 23. 1884, to Miss Hannah Lantz, a daughter of Michael Lantz, of Indiana county, and they have had seven children, namely : Leota, who is the wife of Thomas H. Armstrong, of Ta- coma, Wash. ; and Ethel, James, Hazel, Clair, Laviness and Willella. Mr. and Mrs. Brown are members of the German Reformed church. In politics he is a Republican. His only fra- ternal connection is with the P. O. S. of A. Mr. Brown owns a very attractive residence at No. 334 Olive avenue, DuBois. PROF. H. J. BARRETT, principal of the public schools of Curwensville, Pa., and a can- didate for the office of county superintendent of Clearfield county. Pa., is well known as an educator in different sections and enjoys the confidence and esteem of the people of this borough to a large degree. He was born at Portsmouth. O., January 7, 1870, and is a son of John H. and Ruby G. Barrett, both of whom are deceased. H. J. Barrett was educated at fronton, O.. Wooster L'niversity and the L'niversity of Chi- cago, after which he became principal of the schools of Toronto, O., where he remained for three years. In 1902 he was called to Cur- wensville and has been remarkably successful in raising the public school standards and in increasing efficiency. He has thirteen teach- ers under his charge and has succeeded in in- spiring them with his own ambitions. Prof. Barrett was married to Miss Lucinda Lamb, who died in April, 1905, and was bur- ied at Wheelersburg, O., her birthplace. She is survived by two children : Elise May, who is with her father, and Katherine Marcia, who is with her grandfather, W'illard Lamb, at AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 581 Wheelersburg. Prof. Barrett is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is an independent voter. HOWARD G. PURNELL, M. D.. 'who has been engaged in medical practice at An- sonville, Pa., for the past nineteen years, and is county physician for both Knox and Jordan townships, Clearfield county, also having the largest country practice in Clearfield county. He was bom at Georgetown, Sussex county, Del., July I, 1869, and is a son of Hon. Charles T. and Maggie (Wingate) Purnell. Charles T. Purnell, who is now mayor of Georgetown, Del, for many years was en- gaged in lumbering. For ten years he was deputy sheriff of Sussex county and for four years was sheriff. The family is one of prom- inence in that section. Dr. Purnell is the eld- est born of his parents' family, the others be- ing: Mattie, who is the wife of Dr. George Messick ; Mary, now deceased, who was the wife of Eben Townsend: and Anna, who is the wife of George Sharpley. Howard G. Purnell was " educated in the public schools of Georgetown and the Newark- Delaware College, and then studied pharmacy and was graduated in the same at the Phila- delphia College of Pharmacy. For eight years afterward he was in the drug business in Philadelphia, and then turned his attention to medicine, entering Jefferson Medical College, where he was graduated April i, 1892. For two years prior to locating at Ansonville, he served as resident physician in the Jefferson Hospital, Philadelphia. He was one of the founders of the Clearfield Hospital and gave much of his time to the work. Dr. Purnell was married in April, 1900, to Miss Cora Straw, a daughter of John T. and Priscilla (Barrett) Straw, the former of whom was county commissioner of Clearfield county and a man of public worth. Mrs. Purnell has one brother and six sisters, namely: John; Myrtle, wife of Stewart Williams; Iva Belle; Carrie, wife of Clyde Bollinger; Blanche, wife of Benjamin Gates ; Nora and Sarah. Dr. and Mrs. Purnell have three sons : Charles, John and Garrett. They attend the Baptist church. Dr. Purnell is a Democrat in his political views and is serving as school director. He is a man who stands very high in the esteem of his fellow citizens both personally and profes- sionally. He is identified with the Masonic fraternity at Georgetown, Del. R. F. KLEINGINNA, a representative business man of long standing and excellent repute, who is engaged in the manufacture of cupboards and wardrobes at DuBois, Pa., came to this borough in its infancy and is iden- tified at present with its best interests. He was born in Scliuylkill county. Pa., in 1867, and is a son of John and Sarah (Smith) Kleinginna. The mother died when her son was four years old and he was reared by a maternal aunt, with whom he came to DuBois in April, 1881. R. F. Kleinginna is a self made man in every sense of the word. He had few oppor- tunities in his youth and that he has developed into a well informed and successful business man and respected and valued citizen, is owing entirely to his own steling traits of character. His first work was in the coal mines, where he was a trapper. Later he was employed for two years in the sash and door factory of Bar- ber & Scully, after which he engaged with John E. DuBois for two years and then was employed for a short time by Sidney Fuller 582 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY but soon returned to Mr. DuBois and worked two more years for him. He tlien was em- ployed for one year by tlie W'liirlpool Wash- ing Machine Company. All this time he had been hoping that some turn of fortune might give him a little unemployed capital so that he could work out his own practical mechanical ideas for he has a natural gift in that line. Se- curing an old barn as a work-siiop, about this time he started to construct musical instru- ments and later, at the suggestion of John Goodyear, who was a pioneer furniture dealer here, he began the manufacturing of some- thing needed in every house, kitchen cup- boards. Mr. Kleinginna soon had three com- pact, durable and attractive appearing cup- boards finished and these Mr. Goodyear imme- diately took off his hands and paid fur tliem at once. This was the beginning of what he has developed into a very large enterprise, one that requires the assistance of seven traveling men to cover the wide territory of his business, his shipments going to New York, Virginia, West Virginia. Maryland and Ohio. There are men who at once would have gone into debt for proper maciiiner}', with this en- couragement, I)ut Mr. Kleinginna was not of that kind. As he had no money and would not borrow, the only way he could solve what was a verj' important question, was to make his own machinery and liis first work was done in the old dilapidated cow-barn, with a foot-power rip saw and with the other ma- chinerj' that lie fashioned for himself, and after his goods became known he installed a four-horse power engine and boiler and built wings f)n each side of the barn. Business grew so rapidly tliat in a comparatively short time he had to find more commodious quarters and he purchased two acres of land and built his plant, on Hamor street. His factory occupies two floors of the building at Nos. 14-16 Ha- mor street, each floor 70 x 48 feet, with suf- ficient power and modern machinery, although some of this which "is best suited to the work, is of his own invention and construction. He has large ware-rooms and a dry-house with dimensions of 20 x 38 feet. Mr. Kleinginna is justified in the pride he takes in the success he has won and DuBois respects him and points to him as an illustration of what an honest, industrious, persevering youth may be- come if he be willing to strive hard enough. GEORGE H. PLANTEN, division fore- man for the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at W'estover, and a prominent citizen of the borough, was born at Clacton-on-Sea, county Essex, England, October 9, i860. His parents were William and Susan (Dove) Planten, and he is a grandson of John and Sarah Planten, the former an English farmer who lived to a good old age. William Planten, who was born in Suffolk, England, also spent his industrial years in agriculture, and is still living at the age of 83 in London, England. His wife, Sarah Dove Planten, died in 1910 at the age of eighty-four. The Dove family from which she sprang are well known in English mari- time circles as large ship owners. Of their children, in addition to tlie subject of this sketch, tliere are tln^ce sons living and two daughters, namely : Anthony, a steamship captain, residing in Scotland ; William, a sea- faring man residing in England ; Charles, a care taker, in London, England ; Alice, wife of E. Holmes, of London, England ; and Eliz- abeth, wife of J. J. Easton, also of London. George H. Planten, after his school days were over, entered the English army, in which AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 583 he served five years. At the age of 20 years he came to America, settling first in Philadel- phia, where at first he did manual labor and afterwards was in the milk business for one year. Going then to New York, he became connected with the bridge building industry and worked at it for three years in various states. Leaving his employer in New Orleans he went by steamer to Costa Rico, South America, to work for a German-French Rail- way company and was in their employ fifteen months, engaged chiefly in bridge construc- tion. He was next sent to the vicinity of Montreal, Canada, to construct a bridge over the St. Lawrence river. After this work was done, he returned to New York and soon after entered the emplo}^ of a French and Belgium railway company, who sent him to Venezuela as superintendent of bridge and trestle work. Returning then to Philadelphia, he married, and soon after entered the employ of the Pennsylvania Railroad Company at Cresson, and has since remained with this company as foreman a period of eighteen years. He came to Westover in 1894. He is a member of the LTnited Evangelical church, and belongs to the I. 0.0. F. lodge at Patton. Politically a Re- publican, he has been active on behalf of his party and served the local committee two terms as president and three years as chair- man. He was also a delegate one year to the party convention at Harrisburg. He was elected justice of the peace in 1906 but re- signed the office in 1908. As an instance of his faithful performance of duty, it may be mentioned that on one occasion he received a $50 prize from the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, for services to the company. Mr. Planten was married in 1903 to Mrs. Grace Zella Lake DeCoursey Stout, who was born in Ireland, March 14, i860, a daughter of Patrick Sexton and Mary Annie (Burch) DeCoursey. Mrs. Planten's parents are both deceased, her father dying in 1896 at the age of ^2 years, and her mother in 1895 ^t that of 69. They came to America in 1867, residing first in New York and later removing to Prov- idence, R. I., where the rest of their lives were spent, Mr. DeCoursey being engaged in busi- ness as a merchant tailor. Their children, in addition to Mrs. Planten, were Zella, Ellen, Edward, Johanna, James and Patrick Henry. WILLIAM T. WINK, general farmer and dairyman, who owns 105 acres of excellent land situated in Pike township, one and one- quarter miles northwest of Curwensville, was born in Fulton county. Pa., October 24, 1874. His parents were Elias and Florence (Hock- insmith) Wink. Elias Wink died September 6, 1878, and his burial was in Fulton county. His widow still resides in Fulton county, where she was born July 7, 1849. William T. Wink remained with his wid- owed mother until he was old enough to pro- vide for himself. He attended school in Bel- fast township and lived in Fulton county until he was twenty-one years old and then ac- cepted farm work in Franklin county. In 1896 he came to Clearfield county, after which he worked one year at lumbering in Brady township. After his marriage, in 1904, he settled on the old Neeper farm and has con- tinued to reside here, having made many im- provements including the remodeling of all the buildings. He is a member of the Clear- field County Agricultural Association and is one of the model farmers of this section. His 584 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY dairy is maintained with from twenty-five to thirty cows and his milk is disposed of at Cur- wensville. Mr. Wink is a stiK-kholder in the Cui^vensville Rural Telephone Company of Pike township. Mr. Wink was married December i, 1904. to Miss Kuthanna Xeeper, who was born on this fann, May 11, 1870, and is a daughter of Robert R. and Jane (Hartshorn) Xeeper, and a granddaughter of Joseph Xeeper, who was a veteran of the War of 1812 and one of the early elders in the Presbyterian church at Curwensville. Robert R. Xeeper was born July 20, 1826, where the opera house now stands in Curwensville, and from there went with his father to Brady township and resided there until his father's death. Then he and his widowed mother moved onto the farm on which he lived till his death, which took place March 4, 1902. He was married on April 15, 1863, to Jane Hartshorn, who was born Jan- uar>' 19, 1832, and died October 16, 1904. They were well known residents of Pike town- ship and were respected and esteemed. Mr. and Mrs. Wink have four children, namely: Robert. Ixjrn Decemljer 19, 1895; Florence Irene, bom March 3, 1906: and George New- ton and Harold Devere, twins, who were born ^Larch 20, 1908. Mr. and Mrs. Wink attend the Presbyterian church. In politics he is an independent Republican but has ne\er con- sented to hold a township office. As men- tioned above he is deeply interested in fann- ing in all its branches and is a valued member of Susquehanna Grange, of wdiich he is stew- ard and to which his wife also belongs. Mr. Wink belongs to the order of Red Men, at Curwensville and to the Order of the Moose, at Clearfield. He is one of Pike township's representative men. EDWARD AMOS VIEBAHX, owner and proprietor of the Smoke Run Hotel, at Smoke Run, Clearfield county, Pa., is one of the enterprising and successful young business men of Bigler township. He was born in 1882. in Clearfield county, and is a son of Julius V'iebahn, a wholesale merchant and prominent citizen of Houtzdale, Pa. Edward A. Viebahn was educated in the public schools and graduated from the Wood- ward High School on June 15, 1900. He then look a commercial course at Poughkeepsie, X. ^^. where he was graduated April 7, 1903. Mr. Viebahn took charge of the Smoke Run Hotel in 1905 and he has conducted it along lines which have made it a credit to the place and which have established his reputation as a host. To his guests he offers substantial comforts, an excellent table and attentive ser- vice, all at a reasonable price. Mr. Viebahn was married in Germany, in April, 1904. to Miss Hedwig Wienhaus. a daughter of Frantz and Ida Wienhaus. who have two other children, Carolina and I'rantz. Mr. and Mrs. Wienhaus have never settled in the United States although they spent one pleasant year visiting Mr. and Mrs. Viebahn. Mr. and Mrs. Viebahn are members of the Lutheran church. He is a Republican in his ix)litical views. He belongs to the Elks at Tyrone and to other organizations. HARRY I'RAXKLIX KRESGE, who does a large business in meats at DuBois. Pa., having a well arranged shop on South Brady Street, has been a resident of this borough for twelve years and is very gen- erally known. He was born on his father's farm in Luzerne county. Pa., April 23, 1870, and is a son of .Amos and Julia (Barton) HON. Ar,(»N/,(> S. .\1(H I.TllliOl' AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 587 Kresge, both of whom reside at DuBois. Of the four children of the family, Harry Franklin is the eldest. He has two broth- ers and one sister: William, residing at Tyler, Pa.; Charles, living at DuBois; and Ella, wife of C. S. Nale, whose home is at Niagara Falls. Harry F. Kresge was three months old when his parents left the farm and settled in Clarion county. Pa., where his father was a butcher and when the youth was but twelve years old he started to learn the trade with his parent. Later he became in- terested in the oil industry, and established meat markets in the oil fields of Western Pennsylvania, where he spent twenty years. In 1889 he came to DuBois and entered the employ of Solomon Spears, who conducted a butcher shop on East Long Avenue, and remained with him for four years. Mr. Kresge then embarked in the meat busi- ness for himself, at his present stand, and has prospered and now handles a large amount of the best trade. He requires the assistance of five men in his .business." In 1892 Mr. Kresge was married to Miss Nellie Hardy, who was born in McKean count3% Pa., and they have one child, Helen Elizabeth. The pleasant and attractive family residence stands at No. 21 West Washington Avenue, DuBois. In politics Mr. Kresge is a Republican but he devotes much more time to his business than he does to public affairs. He is a member of the Odd Fellows, belonging to the En- campment, and also is a member of the Modern W'oodmen. HON. .ALONZO SYLVESTER MOUL- THROP, a member of the Pennsylvania Leg- islature, serA-ing in his third tenn in that august body and ably and usefully representing his constituents, has been a resident of DuBois, Pa., since 1876. He was born at Westport, Clinton County, Pa.. April 2. 1863 and is a son of Sylvester and Ellen (Winn) Moulthrop. Sylvester Moulthrop was bom in Carbon County Pa. From 1863 until 1865 he was a soldier in the Ci\il War, serving as a member of Co. I, 143d Pa. Vol. Inf., and after the close of the war returned to his home practically un- harmed. In 1S76 he moved to DuBois with his family and embarked in a general mercan- tile business which he continued until his death which occurred April 23, 1883, in his forty- seventh year. His widow survived until De- cember 24, 1904, she being sixty-eight years old. They had five children, namely: Frank, who died at the age of thirteen years; Alonzo S. ; John Oliver; Isabella, who is the wife of J. E. Swartz, of DuBois; and Francis, who died young. Alonzo S. Moulthrop was thirteen years old when his parents came to DuBois and has seen this place grow from a little town of 400 pop- ulation to the thriving center it now is and he has been connected with its business interests for many years. He had the distinction of being the first newsboy and also was em- ployed in the capacity of post boy. carrying the mail from the east side to residences in other sections, being in the employ of Postmaster David Throw. Mr. Moulthrop thinks that about this time also his future political ambi- tions had their inception and humorouslv re- lates how he and a few companions, in a stir- ring political campaign, in 1876, managed to make a display of banners and bunting on the public thoroughfare that materially aroused enthusiasm where it had been lukewarm and 588 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY won for the young patriots and politicians the approval of the candidates. Mr. Moulthrop never changed his political adherence and in the course of time proudly cast his first Presiden- tial vote for Hon. James G. Blaine. In his boyhood, as indicated, Mr. Moul- throp early began to make his own way in the world and hence had no school advantages to boast of except those he provided for himself, night study and the reading of good books fill- ing his mind with useful infomiation that he was naturally quick enough to make use of in his daily life. For about six years he was in the employ of P. S. Weber, who conducted a general store at DuBois, and in 1882, with D. E. Hibner, he bought out the general store of John Goodyear. Mr. Hibner was suc- ceeded by a Mr. Miller, and the latter by George McClellen, when the fimi style became Moulthrop & McClellen and so continued until the great fire of 1888 burned their stock. After this disaster, Mr. Moulthrop and partner em- barked in the carpet and shoe business, Mr. McClellan being succeeded by H. E. Ginter and the new firm continued until 1892, when Mr. Moulthrop sold his interest. He had no idea, however, of retiring and on January I, 1893, he entered into partnership with his brother, J. O. Moulthrop. in the hardware business on \\'est Long Avenue, and later, as it expanded and demanded larger quarters the Moulthrops added to their floor space and now occupy Nos. 223-225 W. Long Avenue. They carry a large stock and they also operate four drilling ma- chines and outfits for well drilling, coal test- ing, etc. Enterprise and energy have marked the course of Mr. Moulthrop all his business life and the independent iwsition he fills in commercial affairs, he has won for himself. He is a director of the DuBois National Bank and of the Keystone Mercantile Company, vice president of the State Mercantile Insurance Company, at Huntingdon, Pa. and also di- rector of the Central Y. M. C. A. In 1907 he was elected a member of the General Assembly, on the Republican ticket and in 1909 was re- elected to this distinguished position, and also in 191 1, approval being thus repeatedly shown of his conduct of public affairs. Aside from purely personal matters 'Mr. Moulthrop has been an acti\e and useful citizen, earnest in his support of law and order and willing to share in the responsibilities which rest on all good citizens. He was one of the organizers of the Sons of Veterans at DuBois and was the first captain of the order and in 1898 was state commander. During the Spanish-American War he organized a military company which offered their services to the Government but the war closed before the company was called to the front. Since 1885 he has been a mem- ber of the volunteer fire department and con- tinues his interest in this organization. Mr. Moulthrop was married on December 25, 1890. to ]Miss Elizabeth Ginter a daughter of H. E. Ginter. a representative citizen of DuBois. and they have one son Henry Sylvester. The family residence is at No. 221 W. Long Ave- nue. Mr. Moulthrop belongs to the Elks and to the Acorn Club. !Mr. and Mrs. Moulthrop are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a tnistee and since 1880 has been an official in the Sunday school. A. C. W'lLLLAMS. who resides on his farm of fifty-seven acres, situated in Penn township, Clearfield county. Pa., one and one-half miles from Grampian, on the east, has been in tiie butchering business for some twenty-tliree }-ears and is proprietor of a AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 589 well patronized market at Grampian. He was born November 7, 1857, in Jordan township, Clearfield county, and is a son of J. G. and Matilda (Knapp) Williams. J. G. W'illiams was born and died on the same farm, situated in Jordan township, to which his father, David Williams had come, from Center county. Grandfather Williams built the first grist mill in Jordan township. He bought 500 acres of land and cleared 200 of it. He donated the land to the Baptist church on which that edifice was built and the land contained in old Zion cemetery, in which rest all the former members of this family. J. G. Williams lived to be seventy-six years of age. He married Matilda Knapp and they had eight chil- dren: A. C, Julia. David, Chauncy, John, Mollie, Harriet and Blair. A. C. W^illiams obtained his education in the schools of Jordan township and when old enough to become useful to his father began to assist on the home farm and con- tinued until his marriage. Then he moved to Bower, . on the John Bell farm, after which he bought the excellent farm on which he li\-es, purchasing of the Cochran estate. He operates a coal mine, having a three-foot vein, and delivers coal in Gram- pian. Mr. Williams has always remained in Clearfield county but his next younger brother, David \\'illiams, has ventured far from home and has had a more or less ex- citing life. He left his native place when Goldfield, Colo., came into the lime-light as the center of the gold mining industry, and worked there for a time. Seeking further adventures he became one of a crew of forty-two men to start out in a whaling ex- pedition, on the Pacific Ocean. He was one of the five survivors who reached land. Then he went to the Klondike region, in Alaska, where he met with considerable success. Later he visited his kindred at Grampian and made himself so popular with friends and relatives that they all lamented when he returned to the West. Mr. W'illiams married Miss Mary Ellen Strunk, who was born at New Millport, Pa., a daughter of E. L. Strunk, and they have had the following children: G. E., who is a train dispatcher for the New York Central Railroad, at Jersey Shore, Pa., married Edna Arnold and they have two children; Arthur, who resides on his father's farm, married Mabel Freeman, a daughter of Ralph Freeman ; Nellie, who is the wife of Ollie Hendrick, who is a machinist in the shops of the New York Central at Wil- liamsport ; Dollie, who is the wife of Elmer Beam, an engineer on the Beech Creek branch railroad ; and Elby, who is the wife of Orvis Curry, who is a brick molder, em- ployed at Stronach, Pa. Mr. Williams, like his late father, is a Republican. He is a member of the order of Odd Fellows and of the P. S. of A., at Grampian. He is one of the respected citizens and honorable busi- ness men of Penn township. CHARLES W. MOORE, manager of the meat market for the Madera Trading Com- pany, at IMadera, Pa., and the owner of one of the fine residences of this place, was born in Blair county. Pa., in 1845, and is a son of Jesse and Eliza (Smith) Moore. The parents of Mr. Moore were farming people in Blair county and spent their lives there, the father dying when Charles W. was ten vears old Their other children 590 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY were Ada, Jesse, James, Lucretia, Samuel and Candace. Charles W. Moore enjoyed no other edu- cational opportunities than those offered by the common schools of Blair county. For twenty-two years after leaving school he followed farming and then went into the meat business, with which he has been con- nected ever since. In 1873 Mr. Moore was married to Miss Emma Hewitt, of Hollidaysburg, and they have the folowing children; Samuel, Thomas, William, Walter, John, Maude and Helen. Maude is the wife of H. B. Swoope. Mr. Moore and family attend the Presby- terian church. In politics he is a Republi- can but has accepted no office except mem- bership on the school board, on which he served for several years. ISAAC HOYT, proprietor of Hickory Lane Farm, consisting of 115 acres, situated about eight miles northeast of DuBois. Pa., is one of the enterprising, progressive and successful'agriculturists of this section. He was born on his father's farm in Huston township, Clearfield county. Pa., June 18, 1861, and is a son of Hiram M. and Barbara (Brown) Hoyt, and a grandson of Dr. Wil- liam Hoyt, who came from New England and bought property in Huston township, at Hickorv' Kingdom, where many of his descendants still reside. Hiram M. Hoyt was the youngest of his parents' children and was thirteen years old when his father came to Huston township. He was reared here and became a man of local importance and a large land owner, his 160 acres of pine timber being a fortune in itself. His death occurred in 1903, when seventy-three years of age. His widow survived until 1909, passing away at the age of seventy-eight years. Six children were born to them, namely : William Alex- ander, who is deceased; Elizabeth, who is the wife of William Bundy; Isaac; Charles E., who is a representative citizen and farmer of Huston township; Ida, who is the wHfe of Renaldo Bundy; and Ellen, who is the wife of C. C. Dodd. Isaac Hoyt attended the district schools and assisted his father on the home farm until his marriage, since when he has fol- lowed general farming and dairying on his present place. He has erected first class buildings, maintains a silo and in every way shows that he is a man of progressive ideas concerning agriculture. The products, es- pecially butter, from Hickory Lane Farm, command a high price in the market. In March, 1882, Mr. Hoyt was married to Miss Emma Miller, a daughter of the late Charles Miller, and they have three chil- dren: Elva M.. Ira D. and Blake. He is not very active politically but is identified with the Republican party. C. A. HILE, owner and proprietor of the Lumber City Supply Company, at Lumber City, Pa., is a leading merchant and one of the representative business men of this place. He was born at Lumber City, Clear- field county. Pa., September 20, 1879, and is a son of Allen W. and a grandson of Lo- renzo D. Hile, an old settler. Allen W. Hile was born also at Lumber City, and spent his life in Clearfield county. He was a plasterer by trade and became a contractor in this line and during his active years he did a large business in this section. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 591 He was a very prominent Odd Fellow and for twenty-five years rented quarters to the fraternity at Lumber City. In politics he was a Republican and at times he filled lo- cal offices. He married Ida V. Straw, a daughter of George Straw, of Ferguson township, and six children were born to them, namely : C. A. ; Katherine, who is the wife of William Hipwell ; George, who is a resident of Lumber City ; Elizabeth, who is a teacher at Lumber City ; Alice, who is the wife of Joseph Galbraith of Iowa ; and Allen, who lives in Franklin county, Pa. The father of the above family died at Lum- ber City at the early age of thirty-five years but the mother survives. C. A. Hile was afiforded educational op- portunities and attended the public schools of Lumber City and the summer sessions of Normal School at Lumber City and Kerr- more, after which he learned the plastering trade and worked at the same for about eight years. He then entered the employ of the Harbison-Walker Company as a clerk and in 1908 came to Lumber City as mana- ger of the Lumber City Supply Company and subsequently bought the entire busi- ness and has continued the same under the old name. He draws trade from miles around Lumber City and, in addition to a full stock in other lines of merchandise, carries a full line of ladies' and gents' fur- nishings. In June, 1902, Mr. Hile was married to Miss Lola Kirk, who was born at Lumber City, a daughter of Samuel Kirk, and died here June i, 1907, survived by three chil- dren: Allen Kirk, Lola I\I. and Charles Herbert. Mr. Flile is a memljer of the Odd Fellows at Lumber City and of the Moose at Curwensville. CHARLES L. CORNELY, postmaster of Madera from June 21, 1901, to April i, 191 1, and proprietor of a general store at Madera, Pa., was born at Madera in 1875, and is a son of James and Christina (Bow- ers) Cornely. The father, who died in De- cember, 1898, was of Irish descent. He was a blacksmith by trade and later a merchant. He married Christina Bowers, of German extraction, and she survives. Charles L. Cornely obtained his educa- tion in the Madera schools and afterward assisted his father for several years in his store and has continued the business. In politics he is a Republican and for six years served as auditor of Bigler township. In 1900 Mr. Cornely was married to Miss Rose Stitt, a daughter of James Stitt, of Madera, Clearfield county, and they have four chil- dren: Vivian, Evelyn, Christian and James. Mr. and Mrs. Cornely attend the Presbyterian church. He is identified fra- ternally with the Masons at Osceola Mills, and the I. O. R. M. at Madera. 1 JOHN EARL FAWCETT. manager of the Tyler Mercantile Company, at Tyler, Pa., and one of the enterprising citizens of the place, is a native of England, born at New Castle, May 4, 1874, and is a son of William and Anna (Bolam) Fawcett. The parents of Mr. Fawcett were born, reared and married in England. They came to America and first lived at Mcln- tire. Pa., then at Morris Run and later at Arnet. They returned to England on a 592 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY visit and while there their second son, John Earl, was born. They returned while he was only an infant, and in 1883 settled at DuBois, a small place at that time. Six children were burn to them, namely : David B., residing at W'ashinjfton, D. C. ; John Earl: Robert ^L, and Edward, both livinj^ at DuBois; Harriet, also a resident of Du- Bois: and Ralph, a sailor in the U. S. Xavy. John Earl Fawcett attended school until he was eleven years of age and then began doing small jobs around the mines, his re- sponsibilities increasing as he grew older, and for six years he was in the employ of the firm of Bell, Lewis & Yates. He then entered the stdre owned l)y the same firm, learned to cut meat under J. E. Merris, and was then sent by the same company to Hel- vetia as a butcher and continued for four years there. Afterward he located at .\nita, in Jefferson county, where at first he was meat cutter for the Eureka Supply Com- pany, and later clerk in the company store, then becoming assistant manager at Hora- tio, Jefferson county, for B. T. Atwell. From there he went to Onondago, Jeffer- son county, as manager for the Keystone Store Company; then was with G. W. Im- hof, at New Bethlehem, in Clarion county, serving a few months as assistant manager. On January 23, 191 1, he came to Tyler, suc- ceeding J. B. Council as manager of the Tyler Mercantile Company, and has made many friends here. Mr. Fawcett was married to Miss Sarah M. Dick, a daughter of Walter Dick, of Anita, Pa., and they have two children, Mary Elizabeth and Clyde William. They attend the Presbyterian church. Mr. Faw- cett is a Republican in his political views. He is identified fraternally with the Elks at Punxatawney and the Odd Fellows at Anita, Pa. JOHN LEE, a well known and respected citizen of Burnside township, was born on the Lee homestead in this township, No- cember 5, 1836, a son of Isaac and Hannah (I-'ulton) Lee. His paternal grandfather was Jacol) Lee, a resident of Center county, who fought for American independence in the Re\olutionary war. The early pro- genitors of the Lee family came to this country from Ireland. Jacob Lee because of his Revolutionary services received a land grant in Clearfield county, where he settled at an early day, at the locality called Lee Hollow, where he cleared land and car- ried on farming to the best of his ability, he being a cripple. He died in 1847 at the age of 60 years. His wife's given name was Margaret. Isaac Lee was born in Center county and accompanied his parents to Clearfield county when young. He was engaged in farming and lumbering during his indus- trial ])erio(l. He was twice married, first to Hannah Fulton, a daughter of David and Mary Fulton, and of this marriage there were ten children, of which there are but two now living — John, the subject of this sketch : and Jacob, who resides at Glenn Campbell. Pa. Mrs. Mary Lee died in 1845 and Isaac Lee subsequently married Mar- garet (Young) Westover. widow of Abner Westover, who bore him three sons; Isaac, who resides at Lee Hollow; James, living on the homestead, and Henry, a farmer. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 593 Isaac Lee died in 1880, at the age of 86 years. He was a member of the Methodist Protestant church. John Lee, with whom we are more di- rectly concerned, as a boy helped his father on the farm and in clearing otT the timber, attending school not more than about three months each winter. Until his marriage he lived with his parents on a part of the home farm. The house was destroyed by fire, and his father then gave him 50 acres of land to erect the present residence. He subsequently purchased the home farm, in- cluding the present productive coal field. He commenced dig"ging coal in 1870 at Lee Hollow, the coal at that time being free to any one who would take the trouble to dig for it. The first mine in the vicinity was opened by Henry Rose and David Plattner. Our subject operated his coal field until 1890, when he sold his interests to the com- pany now operating it, and has since con- fined his acti\ities to the lumber industry. He has had a successful business career and is now one of the substantial citizens of Burnside township. Mr. Lee married Elizabeth White, who was born in Huntingdon county, Novem- ber 22, 183 1, a daughter of William and Catherine (Holman) White. Her father, a wagon maker by trade, resided during his latter years with our subject. This mar- riage, wdiich took place in i860, resulted in the following offspring: Isaac Newton, a farmer residing in Burnside township, mar- ried Anna Bonsell, and has five children (and one grandchild through the marriage of a daughter to John Kelly) ; John W., un- married, residing at Bethlehem, Pa. ; Ash Bennett (twin of John), who married a Miss Hutton and has children; William Wallace, residing at home; James Hamil- ton, who married Emma Lee, and has five children ; Edwin Hutton, a farmer, wdio married Anna Stevens and has seven chil- dren; Jesse Hull, living at home; Samuel White, who married Elsie Pennington, and resides at Bethlehem, Pa. ; and Eva Jane, wife of D. Johnson, a farmer, who has eight children. The last mentioned, Eva J., is a twm sister of .Samuel. Mrs. Elizabeth Lee, the mother of the above mentioned family, died August 28, 1899. Mr. Lee is a Democrat politically and at one time per- formed much active service for his party. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. W. H. MILLER, owner of two fine farms, one of 65 acres and one of 120 acres in Lawrence township, and justice of the peace of Glen Richey. was born April 12, 1853, in Lawrence township, Clearfield county. Pa., and is a son of W. H. and Mary (Bell) Miller. W. H. Miller, father of subject, was born in Center county. Pa., and after his mar- riage resided near Clearfield Bridge until 1871, when he moved to the Ridge in Law- rence township, where he died aged 65 years. He was married in Clarion county. Pa., to Mary Bell, a daughter of Alexander Bell, and of their union were born six sons, all of whom but one are living. His wife died in her fifty-second year, her death re- sulting from a broken spine. She fell from a w^agon shed loft, and lived several days after receiving the fall. Mr. Miller built a large number of the wooden bridges, which were erected during his lifetime in Clear- 594 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY field county. He and his estimable wife were members of the Bloomington M. E. church. W .H. Miller was reared in Lawrence township, and with his brother attended the Pine Grove and Clover Hill schools. About the time he attained his majority Mr. Mil- ler began learning the carpenter trade, and was employed ten consecutive years by the Peak, Peacock & Kerr Coal Company, and was later employed by the O'Shanter Com- pany of Glen Richey. He resided in Glen Richey since his marriage in 1876 until November 18, 1910, when he moved to his present home. Mr. Miller is politically a stanch Democrat, and served as tax collec- tor of Lawrence township three years (1894 until 1896) and has been justice of the peace for two years. Mr. Miller was married July 4, 1876, to Nevada F. Long, a daughter of Philip Long, and they have the following children: Ida; Oscar; Ethel; Herman; Stella; May; Or- tha; Norman; Meade; Ruth; Clara; and John. Mr. and Mrs. Miller are members of the Primitive M. E. church. G. B. CURRY, one of the representative business men of Madera, Pa., and a mem- ber of one of the old pioneer families of Clearfield county, was born in Jordan town- ship April 17, 1865, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (Carson) Curry. The par- ents of Mr. Curry were born in Center countv. The father became a substantial farmer in Clearfield county. His family consisted of one daughter and two sons, namely: Mary H., who is the wife of G. W. Lamborn ; James F., and G. B. G. B. Curry was reared and educated in Jordan township and his life has been mainly spent at Madera. He was one of the organizers and is a stockholder in the Madera Trading Company, of which he is also manager. This is one of the large business enterprises of Clearfield county, one that is amply financiered and ably man- aged. In politics Mr. Curry is a Democrat and for four years he was postmaster at Madera. HENRY LIXFIELD, general farmer, who is associated with his brother, Fred Lixfield, in operating the two Lixfield farms, one of fifty acres and an adjoining one of 100 acres, situated in Huston town- ship, Clearfield county. Pa., belongs to a well known and highly respected family of this section. He was born on his father's farm in Huston township, March 4, 1864, and is a son of Henry and Dorothy (Chaunce) Lixfield. Henry Lixfield, the father, was born in Germany, and in early manhood accom- panied his brother, Frederick Lixfield, to America. Frederick was a blacksmith by trade, and Henry understood the saw-mill business. They worked first in Lehigh county. Pa., and then came to Clearfield county, and Henry Lixfield was for some time in the employ of Hiram Woodward, the pioneer lumberman of Penfield. Later the two brothers purchased adjoining farms in Huston township, cleared their land and put up buildings. Here Henry Lixfield died. His widow (formerly Dorothy Chaunce) and five children survive him, namely: Anna: Eliza, wife of C. H. Ham- mond: Henry and Fred (twins) and John. Henry Lixfield of the above family went JAMKS I, SMITH AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 597 to school in boyhood but as his father died when he was quite young, responsibilities early rested on his and his brother's shoul- ders. He and his twin brother operate in partnership and make their home with their mother and sister. The}' are both members of the Grange and of the Odd Fellows at Penfield. They are independent voters neither having any ambition to hold office. They are well known and much respected, both being quiet, industrious, practical men, good farmers and excellent citizens. J. S. SNEDDON, general manager of the Glen Richey Trading Store of Glen Richey, has been postmaster of the borough of O'Shanter since August, 1907, and was born November 16, 1871, in Scotland, a son of William and Hannah (Smiley) Sned- don. At the age of fourteen months our subject came to the United States with his parents, who settled in Arnot, Tioga county. Pa., where they resided eighteen years. The father retired from business ac- tivities in 1908 and is now a resident of O'Shanter. He is now 67 years of age, and his wife is 61 years old. They are members of the Presbyterian church, and he is polit- ically a Republican. J. S. Sneddon received his educational training in the schools at Arnot, Tioga county, Pa. In about 1891 he came to Clearfield county and resided for about six years at Glen Richey, where he clerked and delivered for the Peacock & Kerr Mining Company, who operated a general store in that borough. He later became general manager and removed to Devlin, where he was located until the mine gave out and the company removed to Glen Richey, where he ' has since been manager of the Glen Richey trading store. He has also served as post- master at O'Shanter since August, 1907, and is assisted in his duties as such by his wife. Mr. Sneddon is identified with the Re- publican party in politics, and is fraternally a member of the Red Men, the Knights of Pythias, of which he has been master of finance for ten years, and is also a member of the Moose lodge of Curwensville. Mr. Snedden was joined in marriage with Jennie Mitchell, a daughter of James Mitchell, of Glen Richey, and of their union have been born the following children : Margaret, Hannah, Esther, Myra, and Les- lie, who died in February, 1909. The fam- ily holds membership with the Congrega- tional church. JAMES L. SMITH, furniture dealer and undertaker, whose place of business is on Meadow Street, Curwensville, Pa., was bom in Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., April 22, 1873. His parents were Adam and Elizabeth (Haag) Smith. Adam Smith was born in Germany and was eighteen years of age when he came to Jeffer- son County, Pa. He had learned the black- smith trade in his native land and easily se- cured work at the same, at Whitesville, in Jef- ferson County. Later he moved to Clearfield County and worked at his trade in Pike Town- ship, near Bloomington, and at Curwensville. He was an industrious and highly respected man. His death occurred at the age of sixty- nine years. His burial was in the cemetery be- longing to the Methodist Episcopal church at Curwensville, of which religious body he was a member. He married Elizabeth Haag, who 598 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY was also born in Germany and now resides in Pike Townsliip. Six of their cliildren sur\'ive, three sons and three daughters. James L. Smith was given excellent school advantages, attending the public schools at Bloomington and Curwensville and the State Normal School at Lock Haven. He began his business career as a clerk, first at Olanta and then at DuBois, Pa., and then learned the un- dertaking business, securing a diploma from the Pittsburg School of Embalming. In 1891, Mr. Smith started into business for himself at Curwensville. first purchasing a half inter- est in a furniture store with Garlock Robinson and later buying the other half interest. Mr. Smith carries a large stock of furniture and also stoves and does a prosperous business in that line. He also is well equipped for fu- neral directing and undertaking, owning one black and one silver gray hearse and also an automobile truck. It is easily within his power to satisfactorily conduct funerals ten or twelve miles distant and iiis patronage often comes from such points, his reputation for prompt- ness and efficiency having been established. He carries all necessary equipments and prob- ably has as large and complete a stock of ap- propriate and necessary goods as any under- taker in Clearfield County. He has one assist- ant but, being a graduated embalmer, looks after the larger part of the work himself. Mr. Smith was married in August, 1906, to Miss Eva McCloskey, a daughter of Howard McCloskey, and they have two children: Ce- celia J. and Katharine. Mr. Smith and fam- ily are members of the Methodist Episcopal church and he is superintendent of the Sunday- school. In politics he is a Democrat and he served one term as auditor of Curwensville. He is identified fraternallv with the Masons, the Odd Fellows, the Order of the Moose and the Red Men. He is one of the most reliable business nien of Curwensville and commands the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens. CHARLES BOONE, owner and proprie- tor of the Hileman House, at Madera, Pa., is the very popular host of one of the best con- ducted public houses of Clearfield county. He was bom December i, 1876, at Coalport, Pa., and is a son of William and Amanda (Davis) Boone. William Boone, who is a veteran of the Civil war, resides at Coalport, which has been the family home for many years. He mar- ried Amanda Davis, who died there and was buried at Utahville. She was a woman of many virtues and left a wide circle of friends and the following children : Anna, Alice, Mattie. Zillah, William, Charles, Harry and Odis. She was a member of the United Brethren church, to which religious body her husband also belongs. Charles Boone obtained his education in the public schools of Coalport. Afterward he em- barked in a livery business there in which he continued until September i, 1908, when he purchased the Hileman House from Clark Hileman and has conducted it ever since, en- joying a liberal amount of patronage. Mr. Boone was married July ir, 1904, to Miss Sadie Anthony, a daughter of Miles Anthony, a resident of Coalport. Mrs. Boone has an older sister and brother, Cora and John. In politics Mr. Boone is a Republican. He is a memljer of the L. O. O. M. at Houtzdale, Pa. GEORGE E. TOWNS, who is a represen- tative business man of Penfield, Pa., dealing in hardware, tinware, farm machiner}', etc., AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 599 established his hardware business here in 1896 and moved to his present location in the fol- lowing year. He was born May 11, 1864, at Home Camp, Pa., and is a son of Henry P. and Mary (Sarson) Towns. Henry P. Towns was born in Maine and reared there and was married to Mary Sarson in New England and they came to Clearfield county in i860, locating first at Home Camp, where a relative by the name of Philip Blanch- ard was operating a timber tract. From Home Camp Mr. Towns moved his family to Curwensville, where he followed his trade of shoemaking. Subsequently he spent six months at Sabula, Clearfield county, and moved from there to Penfield, where his death occurred July 30, 1896. His widow sun-ived until December 3, 1903. They had three chil- dren : Ada, who is the wife of Coston Bar- tron; George E. and Annie, who is the wife of E. F. Mills. George E. Towns was quite young when the family moved to Penfield and he was yet a boy when he began working in the lumber mill. In 1881 he entered the store of Ro- backer & Gray, as a clerk and later worked for other firms and then bought his present busi- ness from George R. Campbell and has suc- cessfully conducted it ever since. In February, 1896, Mr. Towns was mar- ried to Miss Frances M. Scudder. a daughter of the late William Scudder, and they have two children, Henry F. and Coston G. Mr. Towns is a member of Penfield Lodge No. 567, Odd Fellows. Politically he is a Repub- lican. Both he and wife are members of the Presbyterian church. URIAH JAMES IFERT, merchant and justice of the peace at McGees Mills, Bell township, was born in Armstrong county, Pa., Marcli 23, 1856. His father, Conrad Ifert, who, was born in Germany, was a manufac- turer of organs. Coming to America, he set- tled at Kittanning and followed his trade there all his subsequent life. He built the first organ ever manufactured at that place. He died at the early age of 24 years in 1856. His wife, who in maidenhood was Mary Remaley, a daughter of John and Christiana (Helfrich) Remaley, married for her second husband James McDonald of Armstrong county and she is still living at the age of 73 years. Her children by this second union were: Harry, who is engaged in farming in New York state; Milton, an engineer residing in Cam- bria county; and Agnes, wife of Charles Gress, a farmer of Benton county. Uriah J. Ifert was the only child by his mother's first marriage. After attending school, he went to work for his maternal grandfather, who reared him and with whom he remained until coming of age. He then came to Clearfield county, finding employment in the saw-mill of J. W. McGee, with whom he remained four years or until about 1881. Subsequently he bought some land in the vi- cinity, to which he removed, but two years later entered into partnership with his former employer, Mr. McGee, in the saw-mill busi- ness, they manufacturing lumber, shingles, etc. After being thus occupied for five years he sold out his interest and engaged in agriculture, in which occupation he continued for six years. In September, 1897, he opened a general store in the village of McGee, which he has since conducted, being also engaged in agriculture. He is one of the successful men of his town- ship and is recognized as a good, reliable citi- zen, an earnest advocate of all measures calcu- 600 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY lated to improve the moral and material wel- fare of the community. He is a member of the local Grange, also of the I. O. O. F. lodge at Big Run, No. 924, to which he has belonged for the past 20 years, and he also belongs to the Red Men's lodge at Mahaffey. In poli- tics he is a Democrat and an active worker for his party. He has been delegate to party con- ventions, and is now serving his fourth term as justice of the peace. He was for three years a member of the township school board and served one term as constable. Mr. Ifert married Adella P. Miller, who was born October 14, 1861, a daughter of E. L. and Louisa (Beaty) Miller. Her parents were early settlers in Indiana county, subse- quently remo\-ing to Clearfield county. Mrs. Ifert's father is now deceased, but her mother is still living at the age of 85 years. Mr. and Mrs. Ifert have been the parents of children as follows: Edith, now aged 31 years, is a school teacher, residing at home. Mary, aged 29, is the wife of W. B. Hall, agent for the Pennsylvania Co. at McGee and has two chil- dren. Horace, aged 29, married Nettie Myr- tle, and resides in Jefferson county, Pa. Er- win, now 25 years old, married Bertha Pen- nington and lives in Punxatawney, Pa. He has two children. Mildred is the wife of F. Guthrie, of Cresson, Pa. William, aged 13, resides at home. Three other children are now deceased. Mr. Ifert is a member of the International Bible Students' Association. PERRY BROWN, an enterprising farmer and highly respected citizen of Lawrence township, Clearfield county. Pa., residing on a farm of 59 acres, was born September 16, 1849, near the Pine Grove school house in this township, and is a son of David and Debora (Spackman) Brown. David Brown was born in 1818 in Lancas- ter county. Pa., and when a young man came with his parents to Clearfield county and set- tled on the Leonard fami in Lawrence town- ship. After his marriage he bought and lo- cated on a farm of 160 acres in Lawrence township, later buying a farm in Pike town- ship, where he devoted his energies to general farming. At the time of his death he was the owner of two tracts of farm land, one of 150 acres being divided among three of his heirs, and the other of 100 acres was divided be- tween two heirs. Mr. Brown died at the age of seventy years, and of his union with Debora Spackman, who was a daughter of Daniel Spackman, were born six sons, two of whom are deceased, and one daughter. He was po- litically a Democrat, and he and his wife at- tended the Presbyterian church, but were both buried at the Lutheran cemetery. Perry Brown received his early educa- tional training in the Pine Grove school, where his first teacher was Charles Sanford, and re- mained under the parental roof until the time of his marriage in 1871. He then located on a farm in Lawrence township near his present place, and subsequently came to this farm, known as the John J. Reed farm. This place consisting of 59 acres is all cleared with the exception of three acres, and the house has been remodeled by Mr. Brown, who has oth- erwise made improvements. Mr. P>rown married Sarah Rachel Owens, a daughter of John Owens of Pike township, and to them were born the following children: J. C, living in Oregon; I. D., a resident of Clearfield, Pa., who married Delia Cleaver; AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS W. T., who married Agnes Kennedy, and is a resident of Alexander, Pa. ; Dove Stella, who was born in 1876 and died in August, 1887; Viola, born September, 1879, who died in No- vember, 1879; Nona, wife of John Though- bum, of Clymer, Pa.; R. J., who is unmarried and lives at Salt Lake City, Utah; Lude; Zoe, and Wayne. Mrs. Brown, who died February 10, 1895, '^\as buried in the Bloomington cem- etery; she was always an active member of the Lutheran church. Mr. Brown is politically a Democrat, and is now serving his second term on the Lawrence township school board, of which he is treas- urer; he has also served as assessor of the township. D. ROSS WYNN, a resident of Philips- burg, Pa.,, and a representative business man of Blue Bell, Pa., is extensively interested in brick manufacturing here and at other points. He was born at Woodland, Clearfield county. Pa., September 5, 1872, and is a son of Wil- liam H. and Margaret G. (Ross) Wynn. William H. Wynn was bom in Westmore- land county. Pa., and was a son of James Ross and Mary Ann (Bitner) \\'ynn. Prior to 1870, when he moved to Woodland, he had been a railroad man. In the fall of 1899 he came to Blue Ball and with his son, D. Ross, and his son-in-law, James H. France, started the building of the brick works here, which have been continuously operated by them since Januarj'. 1900. William H. Wynn mar- ried Margaret G. Ross, who was also born in Westmoreland county, a daughter of Daniel Ross, and the following children were bom to them: Mary and IMargaret, twins, the latter of whom is deceased, the former being the wife 601 of Alexander Patterson; Cora, who is the wife of James H. France; D. Ross; John and Ar- thur, both of whom are deceased; Lewis; Ethel, who is deceased; Jessie, who is the wife of P. E. Ferguson; and Vera, who resides at home. D. Ross Wynn was educated in the public schools and at Duff's Commercial College, at Pittsburg. He has been comiected with the brick industry ever since going into business and in addition to his interests at Blue Ball, is concerned with a brick plant at Sandy Ridge. Center county, and one at Claysburg. in Blair county. He is also vice-president of the Mo- shannon National Bank of Philipsburg. He is an enterprising and successful business man and a useful and reputable citizen. In 1896, Mr. Wynn was married to Miss May L. Klare, a daughter of A. J. Klare, and they have four children: Vivian, Lewis, Wil- liam and Frank. Mr. and Mrs. Wynn attend the Methodist Episcopal church. He is iden- tified fraternally with the Elks and the Ma- sons, both at Philipsburg. In politics he is a Republican but is no seeker for office. FRANK S. SMITH, manager of the Pen- field Supply Company's general store, at Pen- field, Pa., has been a resident of Clearfield county since 1892. He was born in County Lincoln, Canada, in September, 1875, on his father's fruit farm, and is a son of Sardis and Sarah (Squires) Smith. Sardis Smith was a native of Canada but his wife was born in Pennsylvania. He died on his farm in the Dominion, but she survives. They had six children, namely: William E., living in Canada: Victor, who is deceased: George, who resides at \Varren. Pa. ; Lena and 602 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Robert, both of whom still live in Canada; and Frank S., who was the fifth born in the family. Frank S. Smith attended the public schools in his native county until he was fifteen years of age and then went to Rochester, X. Y., where he took a commercial course in a busi- ness college. From there he went to Warren, Pa., where he became a clerk in a general store at Rice's Tannery, of which his brother George was manager, and from there, in 1892, came to Penfield, first as a clerk for T. E. Proctor, for the Penfield Store Company, and at present is with the Penfield Supply Com- pany, as manager, succeeding C. O. Lowstet- ter. He is energetic and progressive and has a fine understanding of business and enjoys the confidence and esteem of the company. Mr. Smith married Miss Effie Kline, a daugh- ter of Ur. J. II. Kline, of Penfield, Pa., and they have two children, Helen and Victor. JOHN JORDAN BLOOM, whose excel- lent farm of 150 acres is situated in Pike township. • Clearfield county. Pa., three and one-half miles southwest of Curwensville, was born on this place, in 1843-, and is a son of John and Mary Ann (Jordan) Bloom, old and substantial families of Clearfield county. John Bloom, father of John Jordan Bloom, was a son of Isaac Bloom and a grandson of \\'illiam Bloom, wlio founded tlie family in America. He was born in Germany and when lie first came to the United States, settled in Xew Jersey and from there came to Center county, afterward locating near Pee Wee Xest, in the vicinity of Curwensville. On ac- count of another man laying claim to this land. William Bloom, wlio was a man of peace, de- cided to give it up and then moved to a place two miles south of Curwensville, settling on the ver)^ farm which is now owned and occu- pied by his great-grandson, C. Judson Bloom. Isaac Bloom, the eldest son of William Bloom, was born near Bellefonte, in Center county, and came witli his parents to Clear- field county, where the rest of his life was spent. After his marriage he bought 150 acres of land one mile north of Curwensville and later cleared it and developed a valuable farm. This land is now owned by Ai and Eli Bloom. He married Sarah Apkter and they became the parents of twelve children, namely: Katherine, who married Fred Shaffer; Eliza- beth, who married Mason Garrison; William; John ; Mary, who married Isaac Draucher ; Benjamin, who married Xancy Arthurs; Caro- line, who married Levi Owens; Priscilla, who married John Xorris; Nancy, who married John McCracken ; James. w*ho married Mary Ann Hile; George, who was married twice, first to Mahala Bloom and second to Rebecca Irwin : and Jeniza, who married Samuel B. Taylor. Isaac Bloom and wife both lived into old age, and their burial was in the McClure cemetery. They were members of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. In politics he was a strong Democrat. John Bloom was born on the Hugh Irwin fann where his father lived for a short time. In early manhood he married and then went to housekeeping on the farm on which C. J. Bloom lives and remained there for three years and then moved to the farm now owned by John J. Bloom, on which he passed the re- mainder of his life, dying at the age of seven- ty-four years. He cleared this farm and put it under cultivation and together with farming engaged largely in lumbering. He married Mar\- .\nn lordan, who was bom in Perry AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 603 county, Pa., and was nine years old when her people came to Clearfield county. Her parents were John and Eve Jordan, natives of New Jersey and on the maternal side, of Gemian parentage. John Jordan was a miller and when he came to Clearfield county he worked where the Bickford fire brick plant stands, go- ing from there to the Rockton mill, which was owned by Jerry Moore, after that accepting the management of a mill at Curwensville, owned by John Irwin. He then operated a mill at Stoneville, in Boggs township for a time, after which he went back to Curwens- ville to take charge of Mr. Irwin's second mill, the first one having burned down. Afterward he purchased some land which now is partitioned off into town lots, and there he lived until the close of his life, at the age of sixty-nine years, his burial being in Oak Hill cemetery. John and Eve Jordan had a fam- ily of twelve children, the eldest of these being Mary Ann, the mother of John Jordan, who was named for his maternal grandfather. David, the second member of the family, is deceased. John Jordan, the third, married Mary Jane McClelland. Margaret Jordan, de- ceased, was twice married, first to Daniel S'weeney and second to Frederick Haney. Zeniza Jordan was the wife of David Den- mark, both of whom are deceased. Rache' Jordan married Frank Sterling and both are deceased. Daniel Jordan went to Nebraska and married Sarah Long of Luthersburg. Clearfield county. Levi Jordan, now deceased, was twice married, first to Sarah Nelis, and second to Ann Cole. Susan Jordan, a resi- dent of Lumber City, is the widow of Robert Young. William Jordan, who is deceased, married Hannah Winn and they lived in Ne- braska. Sarah Ann Jordan married Isaac Haney, of Mehaffey, Pa. Samuel Jordan, a 1-esident of Clearfield, married Ellen McClel- land, who is deceased. To John and Mary Ann (Jordan) Bloom the following children were born : Fred, Mrs. Eliza Long, Matilda, Mrs. Rachel Long, Isaac, John Jordan, Mrs. Mary Jane Bell, Mrs. Sarah Ann Bloom, Mrs. Susan Moore, Mrs. Jehursha Kelly, Mrs. Amanda Spack- man, and Alfred L., of Knox township. The parents of the above family were good, Chris- tian people, active in good works through life and v.orthy members of the Methodist Epis- copal church at Bloomington. In politics the father was a Democrat and he sen-ed in all the public offices in the township, with the excep- tion of justice of the peace. John Jordan Bloom obtained his education in the Curry school in Pike township, near his father's farm. When he was thirteen years of age he was able to do a man's work, both on the farm, which he helped to clear, and in the woods at lumbering. He took pride in be- ing able to give such a good account of him- self and as an indication of the confidence that was placed in his good judgment, it may be narrated that in the winter of his thirteenth year he was entrusted with the care of four horses and with them hauled lumber. He re- mained with his father until his marriage in the summer of 1868, when he moved to the opposite end of the farm and cultivated land there for ten years. In 1893 he moved to his present location, the site of the old homestead. He has all his land, with the exception of forty acres in valuable timber, under cultivation, and he owns also some property at \\'alton, in Pike township, and is a stockholder in the Traders and Farmers Bank of Clearfield, of which he is a charter member. Mr. Bloom is a repre- 604 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY sentative citizen of this section and his ster- ling character and excellent business capacity have been many times recognized by his fellow citizens when they have cast about for desira- ble holders of public office. Mr. Bloom is a Democrat and in 1910 was chairman of the township committee of his party. He is a member of the school board and has been over- seer of the poor, road supervisor and tax col- lector. He is a member of Susquelianna Grange, at Curwensville, and formerly was connected with the Bloomington Grange, of which he was a charter member. On June 23, 1868, Mr. Bloom was married first to Miss Mary Ellen Peoples, of Center county, who died in 1880 and was interred in the Bloomington cemetery. She was a mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal church. Two daughters were born to this marriage, namely: OUie, who is deceased ; and May, who is tlie wife of Samuel Askey, of Sharon, Pa. Mr. Bloom was married, secondly, June ig, 1883, to Miss J. Alice Read, who was bom in Law- rence township, Clearfield county. Pa., a daughter of William Potter Read. Five chil- dren have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Bloom, namely : Mary Irene, who died at the age of five months; Cecil R., who is employed in a drug store at Cleai-field : Ella and Fred, both of whom are at home; and an infant daugh- ter, who is deceased. Mr. Bloom takes considerable interest in the old records of his family, one that has been identified with the settlement and advance- ment of this section of Cleai-field county. Elizabeth Bloom, a sister of his grandfather, was married in 1803 to Mathew Ogden, this being the first marriage ceremony recorded in Clearfield county, and it was performed by Samuel Bell, Esq., who was the first justice of the peace in the neighborhood. Mathew Og- den had many encounters with the Indians and was known as a successful Indian fighter and Mr. Bloom tells several interesting stories of his courage and diplomacy. On one occa- sion, being hard pressed in a running fight with the savages, he jumped into a ditch and as an Indian attempted to also clear the ditch, the opportunity was afforded Mr. Ogden of kill- ing his pursuer and thereby saving his own life. On another memorable occasion in order to escape capture, he crawled into a hollow log and, strange as it may seem, an industrious spider covered his hiding place with a web and when the Indians caught up with him, he had the satisfaction of overhearing their com- ments on his escape while they were sitting on the very log in which he was entombed. On still another occasion he was at work near his liome when two Indians approached him ap- parently in a friendly way but very soon tliey infonned him that they had come to slay him. He had no weapon near but had the presence of mind to invite them into his cabin for re- freshment and, there, with the quick move- ment that iiad often before saved his life, caught up his gun and killed them both. These stories give a true indication of the tragic conditions under which pioneers lived in the early days of 1800, in a section of country that now is noted for its enlightenment and civili- zation. MATHEW T. MORROW, a substantial citizen of Blue Ball. Pa., who has been station agent at this point for the Pennsylvania Rail- road for the last fifteen years, was born De- cember 20, 1856, at Clearfield, Pa., and is a son of Henry Hayes and .Amelia Jane (For- cey ) Morrow. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 605 Henry Hayes Morrow was a lumbennan during a part of his business life and later owned and conducted a general store at Shaws- ville, Pa. He was a representative citizen of that place and was moderately active in poli- tics, being identified with the Republican party. He married Jane Forcey and they had the following children : Mathew T. ; E. H., who is engaged in the practice of medicine at Altoona; Margaret E., who is the wife of George W. Meyers; Grace S., who is the wife of Dr. D. E. Bottorf; and Ida J., who is the wife of D. R. Wooldridge. Mathew T. Morrow was educated in the common schools and at Williamsport Semi- nary, spending one year in this well known in- stitution, after which he worked for his father in the lumber business until 1881, when he turned his attention to farming and continued agricultural pursuits until 1894, when he ac- cepted his present position at Blue Ball. He has invested in property here and is one of the town's leading citizens. Mr. Morrow was married in 1881 to Miss Alice Dimeling, a daughter of Jacob and Elizabeth (Sloan) Dimeling, who were then residents of Blue Ball, members of old county families. Mrs. Morrow was an only child. Mr. and Mrs. Morrow have one daughter, Amy S., who lives with her parents. The family attends the Presbyterian church. In politics Mr. Morrow is a Democrat. He served acceptably as supervisor for one year, but otherwise has accepted no political office. THOMAS J. LOWELL, justice of the peace and assistant postmaster at Penfield, Clearfield county. Pa., one of the leading citi- zens of Huston township, was born at Pen- field, April 28, 1880, and is a son of Horace H. and Anna (Zuber) Lowell. Horace H. Lowell is postmaster at Pen- field, is a veteran of the Civil war and is one of the best known and most respected citizens of this section. He was born on his father's farm in Maine and was reared to the age of eighteen years there, when he enlisted for ser- vice in the Civil war, entering Co. A, First Maine Vol. Cav., as a private and won promo- tion to the rank of corporal. He was a brave soldier in every position in which he found himself, serving three years and enduring thirteen months of imprisonment at Anderson- ville. Later he came to Williamsport, Pa. and for twenty years was in the woods as cook in lumber camps. Later he operated a general store at North Bend, Pa. In 1873 he came to Penfield to make his permanent home, engag- ing in business as a timber contractor and in 1898 was appointed postmaster to succeed L. W. Lucore. His residence is situated on E. Woodward street. Penfield. and he also owns a farm in Huston township. He is a member of the G. A. R. and the Masonic fraternity. At Williamsport, Pa., he married Anna Zuber and they have but one child, Thomas J., of this record. Thomas J. Lowell attended the public schools and the Ohio Northern University at Ada, O., after which he spent four years as clerk and bookkeeper in lumber camps in the woods. After his father was appointed post- master in 1898 he was made assistant and in May, 1909, was elected a justice of the peace. Mr. Lowell was married in June, 1904, to Miss Ella Overturf. a daughter of L. H. Over- turf, of Penfield. and they have two children : Horace H., who was born October 20, 1906; 606 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY and Kenneth T., who was born Februan' 22, 1908. Mr. Lowell and wife attend the Metii- odist Episcopal church. He belongs to the Grange and the Knights of the Maccabees at Penfield and is a member of the Blue Lodge F. & A. M., at DuBois, and of the Consistory at W'illiamsport. WILLIAM H. RADEBAUGH, proprietor of a truck garden of nine acres and justice of the peace in Lawrence township, was born October 21, 1845, in Clearfield, Pa., and is a son of John S. and Mary Ann (Millan) Rade- baugh. John S. Radebaugh was bom in Mifflin, Mifflin county, Pa., and in 1816 came to Clear- field, Pa., there being at that time but thirteen houses in the \illage. He owned several prop- erties here and engaged e.xtensively in the lum- ber business, buying in partnership witli Wil- liam Powell, a tract of 10,000 acres on Moose Creek in Lawrence township, and in 1852 they built the first road to Moose Creek. In 1855 he sold his residence to H. B. Swope and moved his family to Wayne county, Oliio, where they resided one year. He subsequently lived one year in Tyrone, Pa., where he op- erated a shoe shop and store, in wliich he em- ployed five men. In 1857, while crossing the Allegheny Mountains, he bought the Sandy Ridge Hotel, but after conducting it for one year, he rented and ran the Copeland Hotel on the top of the Allegheny Mountains until 1858. at wliicli time he moved to Philipsburg, where he had charge of the old Runk Hotel until the spring of 1861. Mr. Radebaugh then bought a hotel at Blue Ball, Clearfield county. Pa., and erected a large hotel and store, which he op- erated for seven years. He disposed of his goods to R. Mossipp. and his real estate to Jolm Copehaver of Center county, and then moved to Philipsburg, and six months later went to Cory, Erie county. Pa., where he bought and operated a hotel for a time. He moved thence to St. Man,''s, Elk county. Pa., where he worked as a butcher one year and six months, and at that time came to Penfield, Huston township, and after residing here lit- tle over two years, operated the Burns Hotel of Reynoldsville one year. He purchased seven acres of land where the hospital now stands, then went to Penfield, Pa., where he resided until the time of his wife's death on December 13, 1877. After that Mr. Rade- baugh made iiis home with the cliildren, and on his 81 st birthday boarded a train to come and see his son, William, the subject of this record. He had taken the wrong train, which compelled him to walk one and a half miles, and being extremely deaf, he was nm down and killed by a freight train near Fall Creek. John S. Radebaugh was married in 1840 to Mary Ann Millan, who came from Ireland at the age of thirteen j'ears, and their union re- sulted in the following issue : James Wil- liam ; Hileand R.. a resident of Edinburg, Clarion county, Pa., who served in the Civil war: Sophia E., tlie wife of Dr. J. H. Kline, of Huston township: Amanda H.. deceased, who was the wife of F. C. Bowman; William H. ; John H. who married a Miss Cress of Ridg- way; Ellsworth D.. who was accidentally killed on the railroad near Hyde City while driving a team; and Bertha, who is the wife of .\fton Rodabecker. Mr. and Mrs. Rade- baugh were both buried at Penfield, Pa. He was politically a strong abolitionist, and at- tended the Lutheran church, while his wife was a member of the Presbj'terian church. \\'illiam H. Radebaugh obtained his educa- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 607 tion in the public schools of Clearfield, Pa., and in 1856 began working in the hotel operated by Dan Weaver. He then went to Sandy Ridge, where he remained until 1858, then took charge of his father's team (in 1862) and hauled merchandise across the Allegheny mountains. He also hauled lumljer to Alex- ander, Huntingdon county, where he traded for produce, and in 1865 removed to Huston township and learned the blacksmith trade with Joseph Ruple, in whose employ he re- mained one and a half years. He then worked in a shop at Cursey Run, Elk county. Pa., for William Woodard, and after his marriage in 1868 resided for seven years in Penfield, where he worked as a blacksmith and lumber jobber. In 1872 he moved to Glen Hope, where he ran a hotel for eighteen months, when owing to bad luck and the loss of horses, he came to Clearfield, and in March, 1874, pur- chased a lot and built a house and blacksmith shop. He subsequently came to his present place, which is the James Leonard place, and has lived here thirty-three years continuously since that time. On December 24, 1868, Mr. Radebaugh married Almeda Brown, a daughter of Austin Brown of Huston township, and of their union were bom four children, namely : Annie, who is the wife of John Rothrock, a conductor on the B., R. & P. Railroad, and resides in Brad- ford City, McKean county. Pa. ; Gertrude M., a graduate of the Central State Normal School, of Lock Haven, Pa., who taught school successfully for nine terms, and is now the wife of Fred E. Rimer, a mail carrier of DuBois, Pa. ; J. L., who is the owner and pro- prietor of a drug store at Bradford City, and married Myrtle Moore, a daughter of George Moore; and Fred M., who is now deceased. 35 In 1 87 1, Mr. Radebaugh joined the Knights of Pythias, which was the first lodge organ- ized in Clearfield county, and in 1872 he joined the United American Mechanics. He is also a member of the Grange, and was formerly a member of the I. O. O. F. until 1879. Mr. Radebaugh is politically a Democrat, and was elected justice of the peace on that ticket in 1909, when he received all the Democratic votes but one. He has been a member of the M. E. Church of Clearfield since 1875. ROBERT K. JONES, who is owner and proprietor of the Enterprise Hotel, at Blue Ball, Pa., and has conducted it in a first class manner for seven years, was born in Franklin county. Pa., December 4, 1869, and is a son of J. L. and Elizabeth (McDonald) Jones. The parents of Mr. Jones were farming peo- ple and were well known and highly respected in Franklin county. They had the following children born to them: Frank; Louisa, wife of Daniel Reader: Etta, wife of Henry Mot- ter ; W^illiam : Jennie and Jessie, both de- ceased; Laura, wife of Lafayette Lindsay; Robert K., and Elmer. Robert K. Jones obtained a common school education in his native county and afterward assisted his fatlier on the home farm. When he came first to Clearfield county he worked in the clay mines for some fifteen years and then went into the hotel business, conducting a house at Brisbin for two years before com- ing to Blue Ball and taking charge of the En- terprise Hotel. This public house is well pat- ronized as Mr. Jones goes to a great deal of trouble in order to insure the comfort of his guests. In 1891, Mr. Jones was married to Miss Bertha Meas, a daughter of David and Amelia 608 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY (Goss) Meas. David Meas was a farmer in Boggs township. His family consisted of the following children: Joseph; James; Bertha, wife of Mr. Jones; Anna, wife of Edward Dixon; Lyda, wife of Martin Woods; Ro- land; and Rosa, deceased, who was the wife of Theodore Haynes. Mr. and Mrs. Jones have four children: Albert, Ethel, Ada and Robert. Mr. Jones and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a mem- ber of the Grange and belongs to the order of Eagles and also to the Elks, both at Clearfield. He is a Republican in his political views and has served on the election board. HON. HENRY S. KNARR, formerly bur- gess of DuBois, Pa., where he is a representa- tive citizen, has large real estate interests here and in Clearfield County and is owner and pro- prietor of the II. S. Knarr stock farm, which is situated in Brady Township, one-half mile northwest of Luthersburg, Pa. Mr. Knarr was born on his father's fann in Brady Town- ship, Clearfield County, Pa., February 21, 1853, and is a son of Henry and Catherine (Mar- shall) Knarr and grandson of George Knarr. George Knarr was bom in Germany and em- igrated to America with his family in 1826. He took up 200 acres of land near Troutville, in Brady Township. Clearfield County. Pa., the above town now partly being built on his fann. Both he and liis wife, Louisa (Wisegarber) Knarr, lived into old age, he surviving to be within eight years of the century mark. They had six children, namely : Heniy, Andrew, George and Adam, all deceased; Charlotte, who was the wife of Christian Haag, both de- ceased ; and Caroline, wlio is the only sur\-ivor, is the widow of A. K. Weaver, and now re- sides at DuBois. Henr\- Knarr was born in Germany and was about eighteen years of age when he accom- panied the family to America and to Clearfield County. At first he assisted his father on the lalter's large tract of land but subsequently took up 150 acres for himself, also in Brady Township and to the clearing of this land and its cultivation, he devoted many years of hard work. He also taught school in Brady Town- ship and was one of the first to teach a Gennan school. He died on his place in 1886, at the age of seventy-eight years. He married Catherine Marshall, who was born in Germany and died in her seventy-sixth year, in 1898, having passed her last years at Troutville. To Henry and Catherine (Marshall) Knarr six- teen children were born, as follows: Louisa, George, Caroline, Simon, David, Lourine, Henry S., Reuben, William Adam, Mary, Sam- uel A., Ferdinand, and others who died in infancy. Henry S. Knarr spent his boyhood on the home farm and attended the country schools. He was a very active and adventurous lad and by accident lost one of his limbs. On this ac- count his father was exceedingly anxious that he should have a college education to enable him to enter one of .the professions, but the youth decided otherwise after a trial, and con- cluded to learn the tailor's trade and served an apprenticeship at Brookville. In 1876 he opened his own establishment at DuBois, which was then but a small place, and conducted a very successful business until 1882, when he became interested in the buying and selling of real estate, in which he has been equally suc- cessful. In 1882 he traded a property in Du- Bois for the John Reed farm of eighty acres, situated near Clearfield, and shortly aftenvard traded that farm advantageously for the Henry o > SO w to >- o t-l Kl AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 611 Shaffer farm, which is now included in the Fourth Ward, DuBois, although at the time of the above transaction, it was yet partly cov- ered with timber. It is the forethought shown in such affairs that has made Mr. Knarr the successful business man he is acknowledged to be. He cleared the Shaffer farm and then laid it out in lots and improved them with houses and soon became one of the leading real estate dealers in the place. Later he showed still more enterprise, putting up a 66-foot front, two-stor\^ brick business block on Brady Street, for the site of which he paid $i8o, and at present, thirty-five years later, its valuation is $16,000. Still later he erected a second brick business block, locating it on Long Ave- nue and he retains possession of both proper- ties, which rent high, and owns a number of other lots and dwellings. In 1897 his physi- cian advised a rest from the business activities in which he had found so much pleasure and profit, and Mr. Knarr bought a farm of 136 acres, in Brady Township, near Luthersburg, not far from the place of his birth, and went back to Nature, as it were, in order to benefit his health. He soon became interested here, sparing no expense or trouble to improve the property and make of it a fine stock farm. He remodeled the house and has put up barns and other buildings and in the construction of which he has used many barrels of cement. He has set out orchards and shade trees and his wife has been equally busy in the tasteful ar- rangement of flower-beds, so that, added to the natural advantages of considerable eleva- tion, this farm is one of great beauty and ex- ceeding value. Although Mr. Knarr has been exceedingly successful he has occasionally met with misfortune, the greatest of which, in a financial way, he deems the fire at DuBois, in 1 888. when his loss, as a young business man was $46,000. He was one of the organizers of the Union Banking and Trust Company at DuBois and is one of its directors. On June 2t,, 1879, Mr. Knarr was married to Miss Mary A. Buchhide, a daughter of Fred- erick and Elizabeth (Weber) Buchhide, of Jefferson County, Pa., and they have two sons: Silas, who is an employe of the Union Bank- ing and Trust Company, married Alice F. Nel- son ; and Burt E. Mr. and Mrs. Knarr are members of the Lutheran church. Until May, 1910, Mr. Knarr resided in DuBois, driving out to the farm every morning, but the tempo- rary home is maintained there at present, it being his intention to sell the farm as his health is entirely restored, and to reside in the bor- ough as formerly. He is a Democrat in pol- itics and served in the borough council and for four years was burgess. CHARLES E. HOYT, proprietor of Lone Pine Farm, consisting of ninety acres of excel- lent land, which lies in Huston township, Clearfield county. Pa., at Hickory Kingdom, was born on this farm, the old home place, July 31, 1863, and is a son of Hiram and Barbara (Brown) Hoyt. The Hoyts came originally from New Eng- land, Dr. William Hoyt, the grandfather, hav- ing been born in Vermont. He was married to Ruby Mason in Massachusetts and they came to Clearfield, Pa., in 1819. Here he practiced medicine and also taught school, moving later to Elk county, where he taught the Horton township schools, the first school of the township, and from there to Balltown and taught on the present site of Brockport, Pa. From Balltown he moved to Hickory and bought the improved farm of John I. Bundy, 612 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in Huston township, Clearfield county, later turning it over to his son, William H. Hoyt, and then bought anotlier impro\ed fami one and one-half miles southwest of this. He died in Huston township in 1872, aged eighty-four years. Dr. Hoyt was the father of the fol- lowing children: Cornelia A., who married Benjamin Hulet; Sophia A., who married William F. Green; Sarah M., who married Jeremiah Hewett; and William H., Edgar M., Eliza Jane, Seth R. and Hiram M. Eliza Jane married Norman Write. Hiram M. Hoyt, father of Charles E., was born in Elk county, Pa., July 13, 1828. He became a farmer and accompanied his father to Huston township, Cleaiiield county, and here subsequently bought a farm of aljout 180 acres on which he spent the rest of his life, following the quiet pursuits of agriculture. His death occurred here March 26, 1903. He married Barbara Brown, who survived until December, 1909. Six children were bom to Hiram M. and Barbara Hoyt, as follows: Alexander, who is deceased; Elizabeth, who is the wife of W. H. Bundy; Isaac; Charles Edward; Ida, who is the wife of O. R. Bundy; and Ellen, who is the wife of C. C. Dodd. Charles E. Hoyt attended tlie country schools and since then has been more or less continuously engaged in farming. During ten years of his life he also carried on lumbering. He makes a specialty of dairying, keeping twenty-two head of cattle. He is a member of the Grange and his practical progressive- ness may be seen in the excellent care taken of his land and stock and in his building and maintaining a silo, and in the substantial char- acter of his residence and barns. Valuable coal deposits underlie his land and he has coal leases in Sandy township. Mr. Hoj-t is a stockholder in the Fanners and Traders Bank at Clearfield, of wiiich lie was formerly also a director. Mr. Hoyt was married February 14, 1889, to Miss Elizabeth Bundy, a daughter of J. G. Bundy, of Sandy township, and they have two children, Waneta A. and Hiram M. In poli- tics he is a Republican and he is now serving on the township school board in his fourth term. GIDEON D. NEFl'', a prosperous far- mer of Burnside township, was born Au- gust 26, 1837, in this township, not far from New Washington. His parents were J. B. and Catherine (Barnhart) Neff, and he is a grandson of John Nefif, who at one time carried on a distillery at Howardville, Center county. Pa. J. B. Neff, father of our sui:)ject. was born in Lancaster county. Pa., in 1795, and died September 9, 1879. In April, 1829, he came to Clearfield county with his brothers to begin clearing a 400 acre tract of land which had been purchased previously by their father, John Nefif. He was engaged in farming from i860 to 1865. He later en- gaged in distilling, there being convenient springs, known as the "Big Springs" in tlie vicinity of the homestead. Tlie house which he occupied at that time was simply a log shanty. J. B. Nefif married Catharine Barnhart, who was born February 17, 1795, and who died May 2, 1879. Her parents were from Center county, Pa. Col. Jacob Barnhart served in the Revolutionary war. The father of our subject was one of the organizers of the M. E. church in his locai- itv. the business of a distiller at that time not being thought incompatible with a AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 613 Christian life. In 1835 the wives of the Neffs walked to their old home in Center county, where they dried apples and made apple butter, there being no apples then raised in this new settlement. They were obliged to send their grain on horseback to the mill at Tyrone, Pa., and at times it had to be ground in a cofifee mill. Gideon D. Nefif is the only one of his parents' children now living. He attended school in his boyhood and remained at home until reaching the age of 25 years, when he removed to his present place, which is known as the Altamont Farm. He has been engaged in farming and lumbering all his life and has been reasonably successful, being now regarded as one of the substan- tial and prosperous citizens of his township. He is a member of the M. E. church but is not active in politics. Mr. Nefif was married May 14, 1863, to Susannah Troxell, who was born Decem- ber 24, 1845, at Muncie, Union county. Pa. Her parents were John and Lydia N. (Hes- singer) Troxell, natives of Union county. The father, born March 2^, 1807, died in 1879. Lydia Hessinger, born October 31, 1813, was a daughter of George and Cath- erine (Punsins) Hessinger, of Center town- ship. Union county; she died May 2, 1893. Mrs. Neff's grandfather, George Troxell, was born November 30, 1782, at New Cale- donia, Pa., his father having come to Amer- ica from Germany. He married Mary Hofifman, who was born January 19, 1779. The children of Mr. and Mrs. Neff are as follows: Rose Etta, born June 24, 1864, married Wm. H. McKee, has ten children, (of Huntingdon, Pa.). Carrie Viola, born September 24, 1866, is the wife of L E. Ricketts of Utahville, Pa. and has four chil- dren. Mary, born February 26, 1869, is the wife of L. D. Gardner, of Glen Campbell and has six children. Laura, born June 10, 1871, is the wife of H. S. Gorman of Burn- side township and has four children. James D., born 1874, married Mary E. Byers and they have one child. Russel B., born June 21, 1877, is the manager of the home farm. Reuben is deceased. Delia Grace born June 15, 1884, is residing at home with her par- ents. THOMAS LAURENCE WAY, presi- dent of the Clearfield County Agricultural Society, secretary of the Grange at Cur- wensville, and the owner of a well improved farm of 115 acres, located two miles north of Curwensville, Pa., is one of the represen- tative men of Pike township and belongs to one of the honorable old Quaker families of the county. He was born August 11, i860, in what is now Greenwood, but for- merly was Bell township, Clearfield county, Pa., and is a son of David and Eliza (Mc- Gaughy) Way, and a grandson of Job Way. David Way was born in Center county, Pa., January 12, 1837, came to Clearfield county in 1854, locating on his farm of 106 acres, situated in Pike township, and owns a one-half interest in a second farm of 100 acres, situated also in Pike township. He is a son of Job and Jane (Barlow) Way, the latter of whom was born in Sinking Val- ley. The children of Job and Jane Way were five in number, namely: Thomas, David, I\Iary Jane, Robert B. and Adam B. The survivors are: David, Robert B., who married Maria Blackburn : and Adam B., who married Jennie Blackburn. AH of 6U HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY these children were born in Center county and from there Job Way moved to Clear- field county in 1854 and settled on a wild tract of 1 10 acres, in Pike township. This land he subsequently cleared and it re- mained his home until the close of his life, his death occurring at the age of seventy- five years and liis burial was at Plain View cemetery. His widow survived to be eighty-three years of age. They were mem- bers of the Society of Friends. In his early years he was a Whig in his political views but became identified with tlie Republican party after its organization. David Way attended the district schools in his youth but his advantages were mea- ger in comparison with those wliich are now almost thrust upon the present gener- ation. Farming and lumbering then claimed his attention and he continued to be inter- ested more or less in both industries during his active years. Following his marriage he continued to live in Bell township for one year and then moved to Penn township, re- maining there two years, after which he came to Pike township, locating on his farm of io6 acres, situated three miles northwest of Curwensville, as previously stated, where he erected farm buildings. He now lives retired on Ridge Avenue, Curwensville, a capable tenant managing the farm. Being a consistent member of the Society of Friends, he has never been much of a poli- tician, but has accepted various township offices and performed the duties of the same to the entire satisfaction of his fellow- citizens. He has served as school director, road supervisor and overseer of the Poor and at one time was also elected township treasurer. He is a member of the Clear- field Agricultural Society and belongs to the Grange, taking a deep interest in farming in spite of his years, and anxious to witness the results of modern methods so different from those he made use of for many years. Doubtless he has often proved that practice and theory dififer widely. He is one of Pike township's most esteemed and respected citizens. In November, 1859, David Way was married to Eliza McGaughy, a daugh- ter of Thomas McGaughy. and five cliildren were l)orn to thcin as fol- lows: Thomas Laurence; Ella J., who mar- ried Samuel Smith, of Curwensville, and has seven children — Verna, Maude, Gussie, William, Louella, Ruth and Lester; William E., who resides in the state of Oregon, and wdio married a Miss Palmer; John A., who lives in Nebraska, who married Ida Mc- Mullen, and has four children — David R., Ira L., John C. and Harvey D. ; and Mar- tha, the wife of E. B. Way, residing in Cen- ter county, who has the following children — Sarah H., Lydia L., David C. Pauline L., Loraine, E. Elsworth and Isabel. Thomas Laurence Way attended the Chestnut Ridge schoolhouse. His brother William and sister Ella J., both became school teachers, but he remained at home assisting his father on the farm until his own marriage, in 1882, when he settled on his father's Chestnut Ridge farm for a time, afterward moving to Bridgeport, where he engaged in teaming for L. E. Ar- nold for a season and then went back to farming. In 1887 he moved to the Col. E. .\. Irvin farm and was in the employ of Colonel Irvin for four years, when he bought property near Curwensville and occupied i AND REPRESEXTATRE CITIZENS 615 it for two years. Mr. Way then settled on the farm on which he has Hved ever since, which is situated in Pike township and is the old Bloom homestead, formerly owned by the parents of his wife. Mr. Way has made many substantial improvements here, in 1889 building his fine barn and remodel- ing his house, which was erected in 1886. The old farm-house is yet standing and is the residence of Mrs. Bloom, Mrs. Way's mother. Mr. Way has about 108 acres of cleared land. He carries on general farm- ing and stock raising and makes a feature of dairying, selling his milk by wholesale, to the milk depot at Curwensville, keeping about twelve cows and calculating on hav- ing twenty-five gallons of milk a day. Mr. Way was married November 22, 1882, to Miss S. Jennie Bloom, a daughter of Thomas and Ruthanna (Walker) Bloom, and they have had five children, namely. Ruthanna, who married James E. Irwin, a son of William T. and Sarah Irwin, and has had six children — Wava Lucinda, James Byron, Carl Ellis, deceased; Dorothy Jane, Sarah Chloe and Ruth May; Mabel C, who married Monroe Bloom, a son of Allen and Mary Bloom, and has two children — Ansel Lee and Chester Alvin; Thomas Hugh, who married Olive Annie Moose, and has one son, Hugh Lawrence ; Edith Lucinda, who married Earl McFadden, a son of Scott and Fannie McFadden, and has had two chil- dren — James Harold and Frances Marie, the latter being deceased : and David El- mer, who died April 11, 1898, aged twenty- two months and is buried in Plain View cemetery. The Bloom family, of which Mrs. Way is a member, is one well known through Cen- tral Pennsylvania. Her grandfather, Ben- jamin Bloom, was born in Huntingdon county. Pa., December 28, 1790, and died August 13, 1878, and was interred in the McClure cemetery in Pike township. He married Sally McClure, who was born Oc- tober 20, 1792, and died September 14, 1868. She was a daughter of Thomas and Margaret McClure, the former of whom was born in Ireland in 1762 and died in 1832. They had the following children: David, born June 21, 1788; Nancy, born in 1790; Sally, the grandmother of Mrs. Way, born in 1792; John, born in 1796; Polly in 1798; Betsey, in 1802; Wilson M., in 1805; Peggy in 1807; and Thomas R., in 1809. Thomas Bloom, father of Mrs. Way, was born September 7, 1813. near Curwens- ville, in Pike township. In 1838 he was married first to Hannah Cleaver, who died i\Iay 17, 1853. They had nine children: Elvina, Phineas, Harris, Alvin, Clark, Mary, Margaret, Susannah and Thaddeus. Thomas Bloom was married secondly Oc- tober 30, 1856, to Ruthanna Walker, who still survives and lives on the homestead. She was born November 5, 183 1, in York county. Pa., a daughter of Azahel and Lydia Walker. Two children were born to this marriage: Lydia Lucinda, born Novem- ber 9, 1859, the wife of Isaac M. Kester; and S. Jennie, born May 16, 1861, the wife of Thomas L. Way. Thomas Bloom died November 20, 1892, and his burial was in Plain View cemetery. He was a member of the Presbyterian church. In politics he was a Democrat. In politics. Thomas L. Way has been identified with the Republican party since he reached manhood. He has served ac- 616 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY ceptably as school director, road supervisor, and judge of elections, in Pike township, and at times has served on political com- mittees in his section. Since 1888 he has been a member of the order of Odd Fellows and has progressed through the chairs of the local lodge. URL\H H. STRAW, one of Boggs town- ship's well known business men who has been engaged in a blacksmitli business on his farm of seventy-eight acres of land, in Boggs town- ship. Clearfield county, Pa., for the past six- teen years, was born in Center county. Pa., September 10, 1851, and is a son of John and Frances (Weaver) Straw. John Straw was born in Center county, where he spent his life, his business being farming. His parents were Nicholas and Mol- lie Straw. John Straw was a Democrat in politics, and sensed in some township offices. He married Frances Weaver, who was also born in Center county. They were members of the United Brethren church, good and wor- thy people. They reared a large family. L'riah H. being the eldest. The others were: Philip; Priscilla. who is deceased ; Marj^ who is tne wife of Michael Murphy ; Anna, who is the wife of Benjamin Johnstonbach ; Amos; Dan- iel; William, who is deceased: Andre^v; Celia, who is the wife of Calvin Beals; and Jacob and Edward. Uriah H. Straw left school early in order to go to work in the woods, where he labored until he was eighteen years of age. After that he gave attention to farming and for nine years was also in the blacksmith business in his native county. On March 2"], 1895, he moved on his present place and has remained here ever since. Mr. Straw was married in 1873, to Miss Harriet Fahr, a daughter of Tobias and Marj- (Sextman) Fahr, natives of Center county. Mrs. Straw is-^ne of the following family: Maria, Lydia, Fayette, Aaron, Harriet, Jane, Martha and Elizabeth. Mr. and Mrs. Straw have ten children, namely: Wesley, Lewis, Charles, Blanchard, Allen, Howard, May, Frances, Annabel and Martha. The family belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Straw is a very well informed man and takes an interest in township affairs. He casts his political vote with the Democratic party. FRED CHARLES IMHOF, proprietor of the Hotel Tyler, at Tyler, Pa., is a well known citizen of Clearfield county, in which he has lived for twenty-two years. He was born at St. Mary's, Pa., in Elk county, January 20, 1869, and is a son of George and Mary (Sea- bert) Imhof. The parents of Mr. Imhof are old and highly respected residents of St. Mary's and are well known in Elk county. Their family contained six children, as follows: Catherine, who married John Keller, of Elk county; George W., who resides at New Bethlehem; Joseph F., who lives in the old home; Fred Charles, who is a resident of Tyler; Mary, who married Philip Kerner, of St. Mary's; and Charles E., his home being also at St. Mary's. Fred Charles Imhof attended the public schools at St. Mary's until he was fourteen years of age and then went to work in the mines and followed mining there for the fol- lowing six years. From there he came to Ty- ler in the capacitj^ of a clerk in the store of the Clearfield Coal and Coke Company, remaining until 1893, when he went to DuBois and gained there his first hotel training, as porter AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 617 in the National Hotel, later as bar tender. Subsequently, in partnership witli Lorenzo Bing, he embarked in a saloon and restaurant business on Brady street, securing his license from Judge Gordon. Later he and William Schwem bought the Logan House from Wil- liam Logan and conducted it for four years and then sold to James Chambers. In 1904 Mr. Imhof came to Tyler and bought the Ty- ler Hotel from Munch & Hay. and has con- ducted it ever since. He has made many im- provements and now has one of the best ap- pointed hotels in this section. His house is equipped with electric lights and a hot and cold water system and with steam heat. He has fifteen bed rooms fitted with bath and special attention is given to making these comfortable sleeping apartments. An elegant lobby leads into a fine dining room, where the best the market affords is provided in the cuisine. The location of the Hotel Tyler is conveniently near the railroad station, and the moderate charge for all these accommodations is $1.50 per day. On March 24, 1894, Mr. Imhof was mar- ried to Miss Clara Shugart. a daughter of Joseph Shugart. They are members of the Catholic church. In politics Mr. Imhof is a Democrat and fraternally he is identified with the Elks at DuBois. The Hotel Tyler is the only hostelry that has ever been successful at Tyler, and in addition to owning this prop- erty, Mr. Imhof is interested with a brother in general store at New Bethlehem. ENOCH BELLIS, mine superintendent, merchant, and bank director, of Burnside, is one of the best known business men in this part of Clearfield county. He was born at Buckley. North Wales, March 5, 1871, son of Tliomas and Ellen (Lamb) Bellis. His grand- parents on the paternal side were Robert and Elizabeth (Lewis) Bellis, the fonner a miner and merchant, who died in 1895 at the age of 68 years, his wife dying in 1854 at the age of 35. They were both natives of Wales. Thomas Bellis, father of our subject, was born at Buckley, North Wales, February 2, 185 1. After a brief attendance at school, he entered the coal mines at the early age of eight years as a trapper boy, and was subsequently engaged in the mining industry in his native land, in one position or another, until reach- ing the age of 26 years. He then resided for about three years in Lancashire, England. By this time he had married and, deciding to bet- ter his fortunes by seeking larger opportuni- ties in the New World, he came with his wife and children to this country about 1880, set- tling at Philipsburg, Pa., where he was en- gaged in mining until 1890. He subsequently removed to Urey, Indiana county, where he held positions as foreman and superintendent of mines until his death, which occurred No- vember 20, 1910. He was married in 1870 to Miss Ellen Lamb, who was born in his own native town of Buckley, North Wales, May 9, 1848. Her parents were Thomas and Mary (Jones) Lamb, the father being a miner. Thomas Bellis was a man well known in mining circles. Either by himself or associa- ted with partners, he was interested financially in various coal companies, including the LTrey Ridge Coal Co., the Burnside Coal Co., the Glen wood Coal Co., Cymbria Coal Co., the Springfield Coal Co., of which he was presi- dent, the Pioneer Coal Co., and others. He was also vice-president of the Mahaffey National Bank, of Mahafifey, Pa. : and vice-president of the Clvmer Brick and Tile Co., and was inter- 618 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ested in the Farmers Bank of Indiana, Pa., and the Eldorado Brick Co., of Altoona; also in the Barnsboro Bank, of Barnsboro. Pa. The last three years of his life were spent in retire- ment from business activity at Altoona. In addition to the subject of this sketch, Thomas and Ellen Bellis were the parents of the fol- lowing children : Sarah, who is the wife of Ed Kantz, of Bumside; Mary, who is un- married and resides at Burnside; Cora, the wife of J. N. Ake, of Egg Harbor, N. J. ; Maud, wife of John A. Plyler, of Brookville, Pa. ; and Florence, who is single and resides at Mahaffey, Pa. As may be seen, Thomas Bel- lis was a man of great energy and was a highly respected citizen. He was a meml>er of the Masonic lodge. No. 314, at Clearfield, and the Consistory at Williamsport. Enoch Bellis, like his father, received an early initiation into the mining industry, be- ginning at the age of ten years, after a brief schooling. After coming to this country he found employment as a clerk for the Passmore Burns Co. of Urey, Pa., dealers in various supplies. Two years later the firm became Passmore & Bellis, with our subject as man- ager, and he has continued a successful mer- cantile career, at the present time being in charge of the Burnside Supply Co.'s store at Burnside and also of their store at Glen Camp- bell. He is still a member of the firm of Pass- more & Bellis at Ure^^ Pa., and is financially interested in the Springfield Coal Co. at Nanty Glo. Pa. He is al.so treasurer of the Spring- field Land Co., and director of the MahatYey National Bank, and is interested in the Farm- ers Bank of Indiana, Pa., the Eldorado Brick Co., of Altoona, the Bellmore Coal Co., of Burnside, Pa., the Barnesboro (Pa.) Bank, and other flourishing business concerns. He has served in public office when it has been the desire of his fellow citizens, having been a member of the school board and being at pres- ent a member of the borough council of Burn- side and tax collector. He is a member, stew- ard and trustee of the Methodist Protestant church, of Burnside. He also belongs to the Ma.sonic lodge at Cleai^field. Mr. Bellis was married June 22, 1907, to Perella Lovelace, who was born in Indiana county, Pa., June 17, 1878, a daughter of Thomas L. and Laura (McCullough) Love- lace, the former of whom is still living at the age of 62 years. Mrs. Bellis's mother died in 1887 at the age of 31 years. She was a daugh- ter of Alexander McCullough, bom in 1824, who came from Indiana county to Clearfield county, with his parents, John and Margaret (Sharp) McCullough. The latter was a daughter of Capt. Andrew Sharp of Sharps- burg, who was shot by an Indian on the Ohio river, and died from the effects of his wound. Mrs. Bellis, who is a graduate of the Burnside high school, belongs like her husband, to the Methodist Protestant church, and is an active member, being president of the Ladies' Aid Society. There have been born to our subject and wife four children, namely: Helen, .\pril 17. 1899, who is attending school; Catherine Ruth, May 13, 1902; Sarah Jane, November 26, 1905; and Gwendola, who died in infancy. JAMES McCROSSIN. owner and propri- etor of the Madera Inn, at Madera, Pa., has had considerable experience in hotel keeping and is a ver\' popular host with the traveling public. He was born April 4, 1855, in Brad- ford county. Pa., and is a son of James and Mary (Donnely) McCrossin. James McCrossin was born in County Ty- JAMES McCROSSIN AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 619 rone, Ireland, and his wife in the city of New York. They were married in Bradford county, where both are buried. They had the following children : Mary, who is deceased, was the wife of Austin Quinlan; Thomas, who is deceased; John; James; Margaret, who is the wife of Daniel Fink; Edward Gilbert; Sarah, who is the wife of Michael Cox; George ; William ; and Nellie, who is the widow of Edward Moore. Both parents were members of the Catholic church. The father was a farmer. James McCrossin attended school until he was fifteen years of age and later worked in a saw mill. After that he spent several years at lumbering and for five more years worked in the tannery at Osceola, subsequently be- coming a contractor in the woods, in 1884, and continuing until 1890, when he went into the hotel business, operating a public house at Madera for fourteen months. For the follow- ing five years he was proprietor of the Amer- ican House at Houtzdale. afterward, for one year, of the St. Charles Hotel at Clearfield, and three months he directed the afifairs of the W'ootUand Hotel. Mr. McCrossin resumed lumbering and spent two years in the industry in Cambria county, and then again became a hotel man, renting his present property at first and then buying. He demolished the old building and erected a new one which is mod- ern in every equipment and is ornamented with tile blocks, which are very attractive. On July 3, 1874, Mr. McCrossin was mar- ried to Miss Mary W'ilkison, a daughter of John H. Wilkison. They have had seven chil- dren, namely : Margaret, who is deceased, was the wife of Haskell Read; Rosie. who is deceased ; Edward ; John, who is proprietor of the Hotel Ben Venue, at Irvona, Pa. ; and Fred, Thomas and Frances. Mr. McCrossin and family are members of the Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat. He be- longs to the order of Elks and the L. O. O. M. at Madera. WILLIAM T. HAY, a member of the firm of Hay Brothers, plumbers, doing business at No. 146 West Long avenue, DuBois, Pa., was born on Lost Creek, Schuylkill county. Pa., August 25, 1871, and is a son of William E. and Anna (Dunsten) Hay. William E. Hay came to DuBois from Pottsville, Pa., in 1882 and carried on a plumbing business in this borough for many years. He married Anna Dunsten and they had eight children, namely : Millie, who is the wife of Frank Guinsburg; Bertha S., who is the wife of Charles H. Hill ; William T. ; Isaac D., who is a member of the plumbing firm of Hay Brothers ; Restore B. ; Strange P. ; Anna, who is the wife of Theodore £. Vos- burg; and Hazel, who is the wife of Harry S. Hall. Before coming to DuBois with his parents in 1882, William T. Hay had lived for a short time in Kansas. He began to help his father m the latter's plumbing shop when quite young and thus learned every detail of the business. In 1897, in partnership with his brother, Isaac D. Hay, he embarked in the plumbing business and a very substantial enterprise has resulted, this fimi taking the lead in their line at Du- Bois. On September 6, 1899, Mr. Hay was mar- ried to Miss Matilda M. Moore, and they have three children: Arthur Cole, Howard Robert and Raymond Thomas. Mr. Hay and family reside at No. 16 S. Jared ' street. In politics he is a Republican. 620 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY JOHX XOWRY, a prosperous farmer of Burnside township, was born in Burnside township, October 20, 1862, a son of Robert and Eliza ( Smith j Xowry. His paternal grand fatlier, also named Robert, was a soldier in ihe War of 1812. Robert Nowry, tlie father of our subject, was born in Pennsylvania in 1835 and came to Clearfield county when a young man. He was a macliine blacksmith by trade, but on coming to this section he engaged in the lum- ber business, in w^hich he was reasonably suc- cessful. His death took place in 1868. His wife, Mrs. Eliza Smith Xown.-, is still living and resides on the old homestead, being now 82 years of age. She is a daughter of John and Rebecca (Dane) Smith, who came to America from County Leitrim, Ireland. In ad- dition to John, the subject of this sketch, there are three of her daughters now living, namely: Elizabeth, wife of T. B. Davis of Burnside township; Minnie, wife of Ed Shumway, of Chester City, Pa.; and Birdie, who is the wife of John McCormick of Philadelphia. John Xowry. with his sisters, after their father's death, was cared for by an uncle, and he subsequently resided with them until his own death in 1908. He was then quite an elderly man, having taken part in the gold nish to California in 1849. and was familiarly known as "Uncle Ed." He has been engaged since early manhood in farming and lumber- ing, having followed successfully in his fath- er's footsteps, and is now one of the prosper- ous citizens of the township. He is a member of the Protestant Methodist church, and is a Republican politically. He has been supervi- sor of his township for almost twenty years, and has also served as committeeman. He has done active and useful work for his partv and believes that it is every citizen's duty to see that good government is maintained. Mr. Xowr\' married Miss Laura Ball, of Big Rapids, Mich. She was born in 1868, her parents being John and Rosanna (Baer) Ball. Her father, who was born in Ohio, was an officer in the Union army during the Civil war, enlisting with four brothers, in Company D, 35th Illinois Regiment. His wife's father was a native of Virginia. Mr. and Mrs. Xowry have one adopted child, Xellie, now aged ten years. H. D. IMcKEEHEX, postmaster and gen- eral merchant, at Berwinsdale, Clearfield county. Pa., was born in Jordan township, Clearfield county, July 3, 1869, and is a son of James and Mary Jane (Glasgow) McKee- hen. James McKeehen was a son of David and Mary Ann McKeehen, of Scotch and Irish de- scent. He engaged in farming and lumljering in Clearfield county and in 1873 embarked in the mercantile business. He married Mary Jane Glasgow, a daughter of John and Sarah Glasgow, and they had the following children l)<)rn to them : Mary Lavinia, wife of C. D. McMurray; and H. D., John and Joel. H. D. McKeehen was educated in the pub- He schools and the Lock Haven State Xormal School, in which institution he was a student for two years. Following this he sjjent two years on the road representing a medical sup- ply house and afterward passed four years on a farm. Then he turned his attention to mer- chandising, buying the stock of L. L. Hile. at Berwinsdale, and since then has conducted a first class general store, supplying a large sur- rounding territory. On January 24. 1900. he was appointed postmaster at Berwinsdale and JOHN V. K.VIFKUIV AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 623 has proved a satisfactory public official. In politics he is an independent thinker and voter. On May 2;^, 1901, Mr. McKeehen was mar- ried to Miss Josephine Bell, a daughter of Warren and Marian (Snyder) Bell, farming people of Ferguson township. ?ilr. and Mrs. Bell had four children: Ma}-, Josephine, Wayne and Lillian, the last named being the wife of R. L. Williams. Mr. and Mrs. Mc- Keehen are members of the Presbyterian church. He is an active and interested citizen of Jordan township and has served for nine years on the school board. CHARLES A. McDONALD, one of the enterprising and successful young business men of DuBois, Pa., is proprietor of the Hotel Windsor and also is interested in handling real estate. He was born April 8, 1881, and is the only son of Donald and Mary (Harris) McDonald. Donald McDonald was born and reared in Canada and came to Pennsylvania in early manhood, locating in the neighbor- hood of Mix Run, in Cameron county, where he operated a saw-mill and conducted a general mercantile business. He died a comparatively young man. He married Mary Harris, who is a daughter of the late James Harris, once a well known man who was connected as a civil engineer with the construction of some of the early railroads in this section. Mrs. McDonald came to DuBois with her son in 1887 and is asso- ciated with him in his numerous business enterprises. Charles A. McDonald was educated in the DuBois schools, Pittsburg College and the University of Colorado, being credit- ably graduated in the latter institution with the class of 1903. For three years after- ward he followed his maternal grandfather's profession, civil engineering, on railroads in the West. After returning to DuBois he entered into partnership with G. \V. Smy- ers in the lumber and planing-mill business, on Daily Street, in which he continued un- til 1909, when he sold his interest to his partner and purchased the Hotel Windsor from H. R. Burns. After taking charge the whole place was remodeled. The main building, which contains twenty-six bed- rooms, was built by Mr. and Mrs. McDonald (his mother), and in the annex they have twenty-tw^o comfortable bed-rooms, all fitted up in first class style. In connection with the hotel a modern res- taurant is conducted, which has quite a local reputation for its excellent cuisine. The rates of the Hotel Windsor are very mod- erate, being $1.50 per day. Mr. McDonald was married April 12, 1905, to Miss Josephine McClure, who is a daughter of the late Dr. M. L. McClure. They have an interesting family of four lit- tle ones, namely: Maime and Josephine, twin daughters, and Donald and Harold, sons. The family home is located at No. 28 N. Main Street, DuBois. Mr. and Mrs. McDonald with Mrs. Donald McDonald, are all members of the Roman Catholic church. Mr. McDonald takes a lively in- terest in politics and has served as chair- man on the Democratic organization in his ward. DuBois. He belongs to the order of Elks at JOHN Y. RAFFERTY, justice of the peace at Grampian. Pa., auditor of the bor- ough and a general merchant here, is a native 624 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY of this place, born January 31^ 1876, and is a son of John B. and Bridget (Casey) Rafferty. John B. Rafferty was born in Penn Town- ship, a son of Thomas and Martha (Young) Rafferty, who were pioneers in Clearfield County, he being a native of Ireland and she of Clearfield County. John B. Rafferty was an early merchant and was a justice of the peace at Grampian, when the place was still known as Pennsville. He was a member of the Catholic church. His death occurred April 20, 1877. He married Bridget Casey, who died January I, 1889, and both were buried in the Catholic cemetery at Grampian. John Y. Rafferty is in partnership in the mercantile business, witli his brother, James L. Rafferty, the firm name being Rafferty Broth- ers. They were educated at Grampian and St. Francis College at Loretto. John Y. Raf- ferty married Miss Jane McKeown, a daugh- ter of James McKeown, of Penn Township, and they have five children : Janetta, John, Francis, Mary and Beatrice. They are mem- ers of the Catholic church. Mr. Rafferty was elected a justice of the peace, on the Demo- cratic ticket, to serve from 1910 until 191 5. He owns a one-third interest in the John B. Rafferty Hunting Club and an estate of 182 acres, situated in Penn township, Clearfield county. James L. Rafferty was born at Grampian, Pa., October 11, 1874. He married Miss Ella McKeown, a daughter of James McKeown and a twin sister of the wife of John Y. Rafferty. Mr. and Mrs. Rafferty have six children : Er- nestine, Inez, Genevieve, Paul Arthur and Leonard. Mr. and Mrs. Rafferty are mem- bers of the Catholic church. He is a Demo- crat in politics and is ser\nng as a member of the borough council. His business interests are identical with those of his younger brother. PORTER KINPORTS, a respected resi- dent of Cherry Tree, where he was for many years one of the town's most active business men, but is now retired, was born at Frankstown, Pa., September 6, 183 1, son of John and Mary (Rench) Kinports. John Kinports, the father, was a native of Penn- sylvania, born near Lancaster, and came with his family to Cambria county in 1845, having previously spent some time in Hunt- ingdon and Blair counties. In the former he was engaged in farming and lumbering, and later at Hollidaysburg, Blair county, was occupied as a miller and millwright. He was a Free Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Hollidaysburg. He died in 1862 at the age of 68 years. His wife Mary (Rench) Kinports died at the age of eighty- two. She was of ^Maryland parentage. The subject of this sketch is the only one of their family of seven sons and three daugh- ters that is now living. Porter Kinports attended school until reaching the age of 13 years. From that time until his father's death in 1862 he was in the latter's employ or was associated with him in business matters, wMth the exception of two terms that he spent in teaching school during the early part of that period. For one year he was in partnership with a brother, but on the latter's death he con- ducted the business alone, from 1845 to 1903 being engaged in lumbering, farming and conducting a mercantile business at Cherry Tree. .Aside from his ordinary busi- ness, he is president of the First National AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 625 Bank of Cherry Tree, and a director of the Water Company and the Power and Light Company. He is however now retired from active business life. Mr. Kinports is a Democrat in politics; he served one term as burgess and was for some time a member of the school board and a councilman of the borough. He has belonged to the I. O. O. F. lodge at Cherry Tree for the past 57 years. He is also a Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at Curwensville, the Chap- ter at Clearfield, the Commandery at Phil- ipsburg, the Consistory at Williamsport, and the Mystic Shrine at Altoona. He has also been a member of the A. O. U. W. lodge at Cherry Tree for 26 years. His connec- tion with the Masonic order dates back to 1867 and he is now the oldest Sir Knight in the southern part of the county. He was a charter member of Noble Lodge at New Washington. Mr. Kinports was married September 18, i860, to Margaret B. Mahaffey, a daughter of John and Ella (Byers) Mahaffey, born April 1837. Of the ten children born to this marriage, but four are now living, namely: Minetta, wife of John Driscoll, residing in West Virginia, who has one child; J. Clyde, residing on the old Mahaf- fey home in this vicinity, who married Mary Belle Lydick ; Stella, wife of George Davis of West Virginia ; Boyd W., who is engaged in the lumber business at Cherry Tree, and who is unmarried. A daughter Gertrude, who is now deceased, was the wife of Jo- seph Wilson. She left one child, who is now living with the subject of this sketch. On September 18. 1910. Mr. and Mrs. Kin- port celebrated their Golden Wedding an- niversary, some 200 guests being present, and the occasion was a most enjoyable one to all. WILLIAM S. MOORE, superintendent for the Corona Coal Company, at Madera, is an experienced man in his line of work and has climbed from a minor clerkship to his present responsible position through absolute merit. There is very little senti- ment about big business corporations and when they delegate important duties to a man it is very certain that he is deserving of them. William S. Moore was born Feb- ruary 9, 1878, in Blair County, Pa., and is a son of Charles W. and Emma (Hewitt) Moore. Charles W. Moore was reared and edu- cated in Blair county, where he followed farming for twenty-two years and then went into the meat business at Madera, with which he is still connected, being man- ager for the Madera Trading Company. He married Emma Hewitt, of Hollidays- burg, and they have seven children : Wil- liam, Samuel, Thomas, Walter, John, Maude and Helen. William S. Moore attended the public schools at Brisbin and the High Schools of Madera and Houtzdale. All his business life has been connected with the coal in- dustry and for eight years he has been in the employ of the Corona Coal Company. Mr. Moore was married in 1898 to Miss Jane E. Shofif, a daughter of Robert and Hannah (Dewitt) Shofif, and a grand- daughter of Samuel and Jane (Haggerty) ShofT, and of George and Rachel (Bloom) Dewitt. Mrs. Moore was the eldest of nine children born to her parents. Mr. and Mrs. Moore have four children, namely: Rob- 626 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ert, Emma, Henry and Clyde. Mr. and Airs. Moore attend the Presbyterian church. In politics he is a Republican but takes only the interest of a patriotic and earnest citi- zen who desires faithful men in public offices as well as in business concerns. He is a Knight Templar Mason, belonging to the lower branches at Osceola, Pa., and to the Commandery at Williamsport. WTLLJAM MEXZIE, president of the borough council of DuBois, Pa., has been continuously in the employ of John E. Du- Bois, the largest individual lumber owner ot the United States, since 1879, and now has charge of the retail department. He came to DuBois from Nova Scotia, where he was born January 12, 1846. His parents were William and Agnes (Donaldson) Menzie, natives of Scotland. William Menzie spent his boyhood on his father's farm and remained there until he reached manhood, when he went to Hali- fax, N. S., where he started a draying and express business on his own account and carried it on for about seven years. In 1879 he came to the U. S. and to DuBois, w^hich was then only a small lumber town. He entered the employ of John DuBois and spent the first winter luml^ering in the deep woods, afterwards being given charge of the yards, where the labor was not so hard hut the responsibilty was greater. He has continued, as mentioned above, and now is one of the oldest employes. In 1884 William Menzie was married to Miss Lavina Burns, of Osceola Mills, Clear- field county, and they have two children: Mary B. and James F. Mr. Menzie and family are members of the Second Metho- dist Episcopal church of DuBois and among its most faithful workers. Mr. Menzie is an ardent Republican and for fifteen years has been a member of the DuBois borough council and has been president of this body since 1905. He has been closely identified with the business interests of the community and his time and means are freely given to any- thing tending to the betterment of the city and its people. He is a past master of Garfield Lodge No. 559 Free and Accepted Masons and is the present Eminent Com- mander of Bethany Commandery No. 83, Knights Templar, both bodies being lo- cated in DuBois. FRANK G. CONLEY, justice of the peace at W'estover and a well known agri- culturist of Chest township, was born at Cherry Tree, Clearfield county, Pa., Janu- ary 5, 1861. He is a son of John and a grandson of Bernard Conley. The latter, who was a native of Ireland, came to Amer- ica in 1830, finding employment at Holli- daysburg. Pa., on the construction of the old canal. He afterwards followed black- smithing and farming and died in Cambria county in 1866 at the age of 60 years. The maiden name of his wife was Mary Green. John Conley, father of our subject, w^as born at Hollidaysburg, in 183 1. He was a blacksmith and farmer by occupation and came to Cherry Tree about 1855 at the time of his marriage. In 1864 he removed to Chest township where he continued in the same lines of industry. He died De- cember 12. 1892. He was a man of im- portance in the community, a member of the Methodist Protestant church. He also AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 627 belonged to the Masonic lodge at Curwens- ville, of which he was a charter member, and to the chapter at Clearfield; also to the I. O. O. F. lodge at Ansonville, Pa., and to the Grange. He was a Democrat in politics and served as justice of the peace for 15 years, also ,for some time as a member of the school board. Of his children there are three daughters and two sons now living, namely: Etta, wife of Samuel Morrison; Alice, wife of W. Billings, of Portage, Pa. ; Pearl, wife of E. M. McGarbey, a Chris- tian Alliance minister of Cambria county. Pa. ; William F., an Evangelical pastor, re- siding at New Paris, Pa.; and Ernest, a Christian Alliance pastor, of Williamsport, Pa. Frank G. Conley, after attending school, remained at home with his parents until reaching the age of 29 years. He then came to Westover and entered the employ of the William F. Mosser Tanning Com- pany, remaining with them for 20 years, or practically up to the present time. He was also engaged in farming and lumbering be- fore coming to Westover. Mr. Conley lived in the county when lumbering and rafting were the principal occupations during the winter and spring, and made several trips down the river. A Democrat politically, he was elected justice of the peace in 1909 and has rendered creditable service in that of- fice. He was assessor of the township three years, has served as burgess of the borough of Westover, and has been ten years a mem- ber of the council. He has also served as election officer at various times. Mr. Conley was married in 1879 to Emma Klinger, who was born June 18. i860, at Newburg, this county, a daughter of Ben- jamin F. and Rebecca (Barto) Klinger. Mr. and Mrs. Conley have been the parents of five children, as follows: Blanche, wife of Milton Westover, a farmer of Chest township, who has three children ; A. M. Conley of Westover, a barber, who married Verta Westover and has one child ; Verda, who is unmarried ; and William F. and Vin- cent, who are attending school. JOHN C. JOHNSTON, owner and pro- prietor of a hardware store at Ansonville, Pa., and one of Jordan township's repre- sentative and reliable citizens was born in Jordan township, Clearfield county. Pa., September 28, 1833, and is a son of Robert and Mary (Cameron) Johnston. The parents of Mr. Johnston were born in Scotland. They came to Clearfield county and settled in Jordan township in 183 1 and the father carried on farming here during the whole of his active life. They were quiet, virtuous, hard working people and were consistent members of the Pres- byterian church. They had the following children: Robert M. ; Mary, wife of Reu- ben Caldwell ; John C. ; Isabel, wife of Isaac F. Bloom; James W. ; William; David; Mark L. ; and Elizabeth, wife of S. H. Witherow. John C. Johnston had but meager educa- tional opportunities in his boyhood and was thirteen years old before he had a chance to go to school. The country was yet wild and but sparsely settled and few schools had been organized. He then learned the carpenter trade and for twenty-five years worked at the same, spending eighteen years in the West. In 1896 he embarked in his present business at Ansonville and 628 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY has built up a large trade in all kinds of hardware and argicultural implements. Mr. Johnston was married first in 1864, to Miss Christina Curry, who died in 1880. Seven children were born to them but only one of these survives, John J., who now re- sides in Armstrong county. Pa. In 1883 Mr. Johnston was married to Mrs. Martha M. (Shof?) Witherow, a daughter of Fred- erick Shoflf and the widow of Henry Withe- row. Mrs. Witherow had one son, H. Lynn Witherow. Mr. and Mrs. Johnston have one son, Cameron S., who resides at Ansonville. They are members of the Presbyterian church. He is a Republican in politics and at different times has served acceptably in almost all of the township of- fices, but at present devotes all his atten- tion to his business. ADAM J. HAAG, general merchant and a member of the borough council at Du- Bois, Pa., is a representative man of this place, of which he has been a resident since 1889. He was born in Bavaria. Germany, and is a son of Christian and Catherine (Knarr) Haag. Christian Haag and his son Christian served in the German army before coming to the United States in 1867. The family settled in Bell township, Clearfield county, on a wooded tract \vliich they subsequently cleared and converted into a productive farm. The log cabin that was built in the early days of their settlement was burned in 1881. Eleven children were born to Christian and Catherine Haag. as lollows: Christian; Jacob; Henry; Louisa, wife of Jacob Faudie ; Elizabeth (Mrs. Hartsfelt) ; Lewis; Frederick; Conrad D. ; Catherine, wife of Lewis Hartsfelt ; Adam J., and Mar- garet, wife of George Henry. Adam J. Haag attended the local schools and later the Normal School at Grampian. He began to teach school when but sixteen years of age, spending six years at that work, in Penn, Bloom, Bell and Brady townships, where there are many of his old pupils still living. When he came first to DuBois, 1Te entered the employ of A. T. Sprankle, with whom he remained for three years, and then erected a store building on the corner of Olive and Brady Streets where he was engaged in merchandising for five years. Mr. Haag then found that his increasing business demanded more com- modious quarters, and he erected his pres- ent building, on the corner of Jared and Brad}' Streets, into which he moved in 1897. It is of brick construction and is three stories in height. In March, 1889, Mr. Haag was married to Miss Emma J. Funk, a daughter of Jacob and Louisa (Sternberger) Funk. Mrs. Haag was born in Brady township, Clearfield county, but her parents were na- tives of Germany. They had four children, namely : Louisa, who is the wife of C. D. Haag; Rudolph; Emma J., who is the wife of Adam J. Haag; and Ella, who is the wife of W. O. Smiley. Mr. and Mrs. Haag have one daughter, Laura. They are members of the German Reformed church. Mr. Haag is a prominent Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at DuBois; the Chapter at Brookville. and the Scottish Rite at Wil- liamsport. In politics a Republican, he has been a faithful party worker and as an ac- tive and interested citizen has accepted jiublic responsibilities at times. For twelve AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 629 years he served as a member of the school board, and as a member of the borough council has furthered many public-spirited enterprises designed to benefit the whole community. SAMUEL MILES KING, a well known and respected citizen, who is engaged in agriculture in Burnside township, was born June 15, 1879, on the old King homestead in this township. He is a descendant and great-grandson of Reeder King, who was the first raftsman on the Susquehanna river. At one time Reeder King built an ark for the transportation of coal, but found that coal was too heavy a substance for river transportation in this manner. As showing the difficulties and privations of pioneer ex- istence, it may be said that at one time the Kings had to dig potatoes before they were half grown in order to keep from starving, as they had no other food. John King, the grandfather of our sub- ject, came to Clearfield county from West- moreland county in 1826, settling between the river and Chest creek. His wife in miadenhood was Nancy McCreary. William King, son of John and father of Samuel Miles King, was born in Burnside township about 1827 and died July 16, 1904, at the age of "^j years. During his active life he was engaged in farming and lumber- ing. He purchased the present King farm and cleared it of the timber, which he rafted down the river. He also erected a 12x12 log house still standing on the homestead. He was a member of the Baptist church at Westover. In politics he cast his vote for the Democratic ticket, but was not an ac- tive politician. He married Mary E. Kin- ter, a daughter of John and Margaret Kin- ter, and she is still living at the age of 69 years. Their children were as follows: Lydia, wife of Joseph Brothers; Edward, who resides in Westover ; Cynthia, wife of M. Singerman, residing in California; Sa- l)ina, wife of John Metzger, of Blandburg, Cambria county. Samuel Miles, the sub- ject of this sketch ; and Frank, who is a res- ident of Spokane, Wash. Samuel Miles King, after attending school in his boyhood, became actively engaged in farming with his father, with whom he was associated until the latter's death. He has since continued in the same occupation and has been successful, having a valuable and well cultivated farm. He is a member of the Grange at Harmony, and of the order of Red Men. He is a member of the Bap- tist church. In politics he is a Democrat, and has held local ol^ce, having served two terms as supervisor and one term — in 1903 — as township clerk. He was married January 7, 1902, to Pearl Keim, who was born at Cherry Tree, this county. May 5, 1880, a daughter of John T. and Mary (Kneedler) Keim, the latter a daughter of John Kneedler. Mrs. King's father is still living at Cherry Tree. The Keim family consisted of the following chil- dren : Sarah Alma, wife of W. T. Stahl, of Mehafifey; Charles Percy, a carpenter re- siding in Cambria county: Thomas E., re- siding at Summer Hill, Cambria county; Mary Ellen, widow of C. C. Davis; Pearl, wife of our subject ; Bessie A., wife of J. Diamond, of Summerhill : William P. (twin brother of Bessie), who resides at Summer- hill : Steele R., residing at Cherry Tree ; and Bernice L., at home. 630 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY The children born to our subject and wife are: Clarice Esther, born December 27, 1903; Arthur ]\Iax\veil, born March 29, 1906; and Thomas Carlton, born August 17, 1910. Mr. King is a member of the local Grange and is known as an enterprising and reliable citizen. JOHN F. GROFF, who is owner and pro- prietor of a commodious and well kept pub- lic house at Ramey, Pa., the Hotel Ramey, and is also auditor of the borough, was born in Lancaster county, Pa., November 10, 1866, and is a son of Adam G. and Anna (Snyder) GrofT. The parents of Mr. Groff were born also in Lancaster county, where they spent their lives. The father was both merchant and miller and was a well known man. Of their family of children, John F. is the eldest, the others being: Fred F. ; Hannah, wife of H. M. Keen ; Elizabeth S., wife of Dr. R. V. L. Raub, and William. John F. GrofT had excellent educational opportunities afforded him, passing his earlier boyhood in the Lancaster county schools, afterward spending two years in the Millersville State Normal School and later taking a commercial course in the Weidler & Musser Business College, and then learned the milling business and fol- lowed the same for eighteen years. He is a man of very practical ideas and in order to get better acquainted with modern meth- ods, he spent some time among the great milling plants in Northern Minnesota. He subsequently carried on a milling business at Quarryville for five years, and at Houtz- dale for two years and then retired from the milling line and purchased his present hotel. Mr. Groff was married in May, 1895, '■O Miss Margaret Neilson Williams, a daugh- ter of W. N. and Elizabeth (Jacobs) Wil- liams, who were natives of Lancaster county, her father being a railroad man. Other children born to Mr. and Mrs. Wil- liams were: Elizabeth, wife of Ralph Ra- palee; Edward; Margaret, wife of Mr. Groff, as above mentioned: Anna, wife of George M. Brientnell : \\'illiam : Rudolph : and Au- gusta, wife of \\ . B. Hoar. Mr. and Mrs. Groff have the following children : Eugene E., Edward D. W.. Sena R.. William A. and John J. Mr. and Mrs. Groff attend the Episcopal church, in which she was reared. He is identified with a number of fraternal organizations including: Tyrone Lodge, No. 212, F. & A. M., at Quarryville: the Elks at Tyrone, the Knights of Pythias at Houtzdale, and the Brotherhood of Amer- ica. Politically Mr. Groff is a Republican and is active in public affairs both in bor- ough and county. Both the Groff and Snyder families as well as the \\'illiams and Jacob families have belonged to Pennsylvania for genera- tions. JOHN E. DUBOIS, a leading business man and representative citizen of DuBois, Pa., was born on his father's farm in the state of New York, May 15, 1861. His ancestors on the paternal side were of French origin, com- ing to this country in 1634, and settling on the western part of Staten Island, N. Y. They were members of the Reformed church of France and probably came to America to avoid religious persecution, Staten Island being then numbered among the Dutch colonial posses- sions. Among the posterity of these early im- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 631 migrants were some whose names are promi- nent in theology, law, arms and business. The paternal grandfather of the subject of this sketch was John DuBois, a farmer of Ti- oga county, N. Y., who was the owner of con- siderable tracts of timber land and also built and operated a saw-mill. He married Lucy Crocker, daughter of Ezekiel Crocker, one of the first settlers near Binghamton, N. Y., who moved there from Connecticut with three of his sons and his daughter Lucy, she being then eleven years of age. Lucy became the house- keeper of the famliy and though so young at- tended to her multifarious duties with an en- ergy and decision that were later among her most conspicuous characteristics and marked her character throughout her life. In those days the Indians constituted almost the entire population of the region. John DuBois' fam- ily consisted of eight sons and two daughters, the three eldest sons being Ezekiel, John and David. Of these Ezekiel was the father of the subject of this sketch. John DuBois, above mentioned, uncle of our subject, was born near Owego, N. Y., March 3, 1809. He was educated in the district schools and for a short time attended an acad- em}' at Owego. He was early trained to hab- its of industry and received but little schooling after he was fifteen years old. Soon after he became engaged in rafting lumber down the north branch of the Susquehanna river to Co- lumbia. At the age of twenty his father built a saw-mill about two miles from Tioga Cen- ter, and John (with David, a younger brother) stocked the mill with logs in the winter and rafted the lumber when the spring floods served. Ezekiel, the elder brother, carried on the business of shoemaking. About the time John was of age his father bought a fami for $6,000 at Tioga Center. He asked the three older sons, Ezekiel, John and David, to stay with him until it was paid for, promising to give it to them when the deed was made. The father, however, had the deed made to himself, settling with his sons on a different basis, whereby they had a lease of the farm, mill and timberland to work on shares, besides a stipulated salary. The three brothers, with one sister to keep house for them, left the old home and took up separate quarters. The eldest brother, Ezekiel, soon married Clarissia Badger, they being the par- ents of the subject of this sketch. David died at the age of 33 years, unmarried. Owing to various causes, the brothers (the fimi was E. DuBois & Bros.) were not very successful in their combined enterprise. They subsequently engaged in a mercantile business with another brother, Matthias, which con- nection lasted five years. In the winter of 1835 John DuBois took advantage of an op- portunity to purchase 1,000 acres of valuable timber land for $3,000, partly on credit. This netted the brothers a considerable profit. At the end of five years they closed up their busi- ness with propertv' and money to the value of $25,000 cash, beside the 1,000 acres from which the pine only had been taken off, it was still well covered with hemlock, also teams, tools, sleds, chains, etc. In the division Eze- kiel took most of the real estate and personal property for his share, and John and David, constituting a new firm, engaged in a new lumbering enterprise in Lycoming county, Pa., Matthias being subsequently taken into the firm. David died in 1848, John and Mathias paying back to the family $4,500. Matthias married and his brother John lived with him in a pleasant residence on the Lycoming. 632 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY They were engaged together in various lumber and other enteq)rises during some ten years, buying large quantities of land in Lycoming and Clearfield counties, including some 32,000 acres in tlie latter and about 800 acres in the city of Williamsport, besides erecting saw- mills, etc., and a residence in the city of Wil- liamsport. About this time Matthias' health began to fail, and he finally died, and John, after the year 1863, carried on the business alone. After his brother's death John DuBois built a large mill and quite a town situated on the Susquehanna above Williamsport, which was called DuBois town. He supplied this mill Avith logs from his lands in Clearfield county, ■floating them down the river. He met with great opposition from men running lumber down the stream in rafts, who sued him in the courts and, when he gained the suits, drove spikes and pieces of iron into his logs, which caused him a great amount of damage. In i860 the boom built across the river to hold the logs gave way, letting about 50,000,000 feet of logs go adrift, of which about four and a half million feet belonged to Mr. DuBois and his partner. Many of these logs floated down to Chesapeake Bay. After considerable con- troversy between the various owners at Lock Haven and Williamsport as to the best way to recover their floating property, Mr. DuBois was empowered to go over the ground and see what he could get. He succeeded in sell- ing a large number at a much higher price than any other member of the committee consid- ered them worth, and he and his partner them- selves bought all the logs that were in the Chesapeake Bay, Mr. DuBois going to Havre de Grace to make arrangements for securing them. The logs were lying mostly along the iieach and many had been cut up by the own- ers of the land on which they had gone ashore. Some of these owners refused to allow him to take the logs, and in some cases he paid them damages to settle the matter. In other cases he brought suit in the L'. S. courts and in each case recovered their value. In October, 1861, another large lot of logs went adrift, and Mr. DuBois being again com- missioned by the lumbermen to recover them, went through many of the same experiences as before, his trouble being chiefly with the owners along the river, the situation being complicated by the war, some of the owners along the Maryland shores refusing to ac- knowledge the jurisdiction of the U. S. courts. Owing to these troubles and also to another considerable loss due to a flood in March, 1865, a stock company called the "Williamsport Transient Lumber Company" \vas formed t o better manage such transactions in the future. Mr. DuBois made some propositions to the company for the recovery of logs in the bay, l>ut being strongly opposed by a man named Herdic, they were declined and he was left out in the cold. The measures taken by the com- pany proved impracticable and many of the logs were ultimately lost. In the spring of 1861 Mr. DuBois found that his partner was untrustworthy and tha: the accounts of the concern were in a confused condition, and he consequently found it neces- sary to give his personal attention to the busi- ness in Williamsport. Upon a fuller investi- gation he discovered that his partner had given various notes for large sums, failing to make any record of them, and which now came in for payment. He had also, as was later dis- covered, received large amounts and pocketed the same without making any record of them AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 633 on the books, and had been guihy of other acts of dishonesty. This resuhed in a severance of the partnership, after a settlement which left Mr. DuBois much poorer than he had thought himself. John DuBois was a man of great inventive genius. When the Philadelphia, Wilmington & Baltimore Railroad Company in 1861 de- cided to build a bridge across the Susquehanna river at Havre de Grace to take the place of the steam ferry boat, Mr. DuBois set to work to think of a plan for laying the piers, the water being very deep and a similar attempt having previously failed. He finally matured such a plan and sought an interview with the president of the company to lay it before him, but having divulged his plan on the way to a Mr. Grossman, who had charge of the bridges who told it to the company's engineer, Mr. Parker, the latter laid claim to the invention subsequently, and Mr. DuBois having obtained a patent several law suits resulted, whereby Mr. DuBois at first lost but subsequently had his prior rights affirmed by the Supreme Court, the railroad company being obliged to pay him damages. He subsequently took out many other valuable patents, both in this and foreign countries. Mr. DuBois' business enterprises were on a large scale. After getting rid of his dishon- est partner he sold the mill built by them at Williamsport, together with some other real estate and boom stock for $91,000 and bought a mill near to the one sold for $21,000 and soon after bought a large steam saw-mill, with a number of tenant houses, costing altogether over $120,000. His mills there had a sawing capacity of about 120,000 feet in eleven hours. In the spring of 1873 he began to improve his property in Clearfield county, which at that lime was mostly a wilderness. The site of the now thriving village of DuBois then contained only three houses. Here he built several saw- mills of large capacity, with other machinery for cutting shingles, packing-boxes, dressing lumber, framing timber, etc., together with a large brick building for kiln drying lumber. He also erected a large brick building for store and hotel, 50 X 100 feet, three stories high besides the basement. His lumber yard contained lat- terly over 15,000,000 feet of sawed lumber, besides an ample stock of logs. He also owned a foundry and machine shop, and had a large and well improved farm. These various in- dustries gave employment to more than 350 men during the busy season and to a large por- tion of that number for the whole year. Near his land were three collieries working five and a half and two and a half veins of coal of ex- cellent quality. In his younger days Mr. DuBois was fond of hunting and often bagged such big game as deer and bears, besides catamounts, wild-cats, etc. At different times he lost considerable property by fire, having but partial insurance. Had he been fully insured he would have had a considerable amount to pay yearly in pre- miums. Mention has already been made of his brother Ezekiel, who was for a time associa- ted with him in business matters, and who married Glarissia Badger, they being the par- ents of John E. DuBois, whose name appears at the head of this article. John E. DuBois spent his boyhood on the farm and received an academic education. In 1883 he came to Du- Bois, Pa., and entered the employ of his uncle John, to whose histoiy we have devoted so much space. On the death of his uncle, which took place on May 6, 1886, he was made the 634 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY latter's executor and continues to carry on the extensive lumber business founded by him. Mr. DuBois is also interested in many other local enterprises, among them the DuBois Iron Works and the DuBois Lumber yard, both important concerns. He was one of the organizers of the DuBois National Bank and is now its president. In politics he supports the Republican ticket. In 1897 Mr. DuBois was married to Miss Willie F. Gamble, a daughter of James M. Gamble, of Roanoke, Va. Mr. and Mrs. Du- Bois are the parents of five children — John, Lewis, Caroline, David and Sarah. PERRY C. STRAW, who owns and oper- ates a 65-acre farm in Greenwood township, two miles southeast of Bell's Landing, was born in Ferguson township, Clearfield county, Pa., March 8, 1870, a son of John T. and Mary H. Straw, the latter of whom is now deceased. Our subject received his schooling in his native township and subsequently came to his present farm, which is part of the ^Martin Watts farm. Since coming here Mr. Straw has made many improvements in the property, clearing a large portion of tlie land and erect- ing the buildings. He is an active and pro- gressive citizen and a stockholder in the Farm- ers and Traders Bank of Clearfield, Pa. He also owns and operates a coal bank which is situated on his farm. He is a member of Kerrmoor Grange, serving at the present time as master. He is also a member, deacon and trustee of the Baptist church. In politics he is independent and is now holding the office of township auditor. Mr. Straw was married, December 12, 1894, to Miss Isabella Williams, who was born in Ferguson township, this county, March 16, 1873, a daughter of William T. and Eliza (Williams) Williams, her parents being resi- dents of that township, well known and widely respected. Mr. and Mrs. Straw have been the parents of seven children : Mer\-il, Ida May (deceased), Laoma, George, Ruth, Clair, and Beulah, the six living children being well brought up and giving promise of future use- fulness. Mr. Straw is a good tj^je of the in- dustrious and intelligent agriculturist, who thoroughly knows the business of fanning and who has achieved a very fair degree of pros- perity by his own persevering efforts. HON. GEORGE A. HARRIS, burgess of the borough of Ramey, Pa., and proprietor of a general store, is one of the substantial and representative citizens of this place. He was born in the State of New York and is a son of George A. and Hannah (Scantlon) Harris. George A. Harris was bom in New York and his wife came from Ireland. They were mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Tiieir family consisted of the following children: Isabel, George A., Richard, Lilly May, Charles E., Levi and Maude. George A. Harris obtained his boyhood schooling in Canada. He was thirteen years of age when he left home in order to go to sea and followed life on the water until he was twenty-one years of age. He came to Penn- sylvania at that time and worked as a coal miner until 1905, when he embarked in the mercantile business at Ramey. In 1907 Mr. Harris was elected to the office of justice of the peace and in 1909 was elected burgess and has two more years to serve. He is giving the lx>rough a good business administration, ap- plying to public matters the same methods by s: o 'J y. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 637 which he has been able to advance liis personal interests. In politics he is a Republican. On December 2, 1885, Mr. Harris was married to Miss Sarah Ann James, who was born in Ohio, the eldest daughter of John D. and Mary Ann James, natives of Wales. They had five other children: John D., Hattie. Jennie, Mary Ann and Catherine. To Mr. and Mrs. Harris five children have been born, namely : John W., Mary Ann, Sarah, Helen and George J. The family attends the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Mr. Harris belongs to Lodge No. 990, Odd Fellows, at Houtzdale, to the P. of H., and to the L. O. O. M., at the same place. He has shown himself to be a man of unusual foresight and energy and of- ficially and personally is held in high regard by his fellow citizens. He is a member of the volunteer fire department, of which he is a trustee. His residence, which is situated on Main street, is one of the finest in the place. JACOB L. KUNTZ, whose farm of 173 acres, lying one mile north of Troutville, Pa., is justly considered one of the best in Brady Township, Cleai'field County, is one of the representative men of this section and has been a member of the council of the borough of Troutville ever since he moved to the place from the country, some nineteen years since. Mr. Kuntz was born May 17, 1844, in Lycoming County, Pa., and is a son of Lewis and Su- sanna (Boob) Kuntz. Lewis Kuntz was born in 1800, in Bavaria, Germany, where he learned the milling busi- ness. In 1827 he emigrated to America and settled first at Allentown, Lehigh County, Pa., where he operated a mill. From there he moved to Hughesville, in Lycoming County, where he conducted a mill for a Mr. Lyon for a time and then bought a farm located within six miles of Hughesville, which he sold six years later and moved to Clearfield county, at which time he bought the present Jacob L. Kuntz farm, paying $400 for the place. The only improvement was a log cabin and the land was mainly covered with timber. Six years later he put up a comfortable frame house which stood until 1903 when it was re- placed by a modern ten-room brick structure, which was erected by its present owner. Later in life Lewis Kuntz purchased an adjoining farm and there he died in 1884. He was an excellent business man and was ever a highly respected citizen. Lewis Kuntz was twice married, first at Mifflinburg, Union county, to Susanna Boob, who was born in Union county, Pa., and died in Cleai-field county in 1871, aged sixtv-six years. His second marriage \vas to Margaret Zilliox, who survived him. His children were all born to his first marriage and they were seven in number, as follows: Sarah, who married Henry Kriner and both are deceased; Elizabeth, who is now deceased, was the wife of David Reems ; Henry, who died when three years old; John W., who lives at Troutville; Carolina, who is the wife of Jacob Schwem, of Sagamore, Pa.; Jacob L. ; Catherine, who is deceased; Emanuel; and Franklin P., the last named having left home thirty years ago, and never since communicating with his family. Jacob L. Kuntz was three years old when he was brought to Clearfield county, his par- ents making the trip in a big wagon that con- veyed also their household belongings from Lycoming county. He grew to manhood in Brady township and at irregular times at- tended the old fashioned country school but as there was so much work to be done on the 638 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY fami in those days, all the suns had to give help as soon as their strength pennitted. Mr. Kuiitz remained at home and in 1869 bought the homestead from his father and continued to reside on it until 1892, when he moved to Troutville. All the pine timber and coal on the place have been sold but there is still a val- uable tract of hard-wood timber that com- mands a high price at the present time. Mr. Kuntz owns a comfortable residence in this borough and has other property at Troutville which is also improved. Mr. Kuntz was married February 3, 1870, to Miss Caroline Knarr, who is a daughter of Henry Knarr and a member of one of the old and substantial families of the county. They have three children, namely: Henrj- M., who manages his father's fami in Brad)^ township, married Elizabeth Weber and they have had three children — Carrie, Jacob L. and George R. ; Mary Alice, who died aged one year; and Clara, who is the wife of Harry London, of Troutville. Mr. and Mrs. London have two children: Carrie Gladys and Freeda. Mr. Kuntz and family are members of the Re- fonned church of which he has always been a liberal supporter. In politics he is a Demo- crat and has served six years on the school l>oar(l. He l>elongs to the Grange and to the Odd Fallows. HENRY HICKMAN, a successful general fanner and respected citizen of Huston town- ship, Clearfield county, Pa., in which is situ- ated his productive farm of 116 acres, situ- ated about three miles from Penfield and known as Sunrise Farm, was born in Prussia- Gemiany, November 16, 1857. His parents were August and Augusta (Baker) Hickman, both of whom died in Gennany, where the father was a fanner. Almost all of the chil- dren still reside in Gennany. Henr}' Hickman grew to military age in his native land and then entered the German army and served three years and four months as a member of the second company in the 13111 Regiment. After that he worked in the roll- ing mills until 1885, when he came to America and shortly afterward located at Penfield, Clearfield county. Pa. For one year he was employed in a tannery and during this time he looked about for a tract of land that would suit his fancy anti then purchased sixty-five acres of his present fann in Huston township and has been engaged in fanning ever since. He cleared his first purchase and gradually added to its acreage and continued to improve the place, in 1907 putting up his present com- fortable residence. Mr. Hickman has shown himself to be a practical, prudent man and through his industry and good judgment has made himself independent. In 1 88 1 Mr. Hickman was married in Ger- many to Miss Augusta Kincher and they have two children, both born in Gennany, namely: Henr}% who married Blanche Fossler, and has four children — Henry, Jacob, Sophia and Ed- ward ; antI August, who is also married and has one son, Howard. Mr. and Mrs. Hick- man are members of the German Lutheran church. He casts his vote with the Democratic party. For some years he has been identified with the order of Red Men. J. S. McQUOVVN, a representative citizen of Lumber City, Pa., who has been interested in lumbering for many years and is an expert timlx>r estimator, was born March 2, 1848, in Indiana county. Pa., and is a son of John and Hannah (Wall) McQuown. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 639 J. S. McQuown was early made an or- phan, his father dying in Indiana county when the son was but eleven years of age and the mother's death following in the next year. He attended school and academy at Covode, Indiana county, and afterward taught one term of school at Richmond in his native county. He then came to Grampian, Clear- field county, and worked at making square timber and later began rafting on the river, for thirty years serving as a pilot. For several years he operated a saw-mill at Bower, for J. W. Bell, and then moved to Lumber City, where he resided for five years, afterward buying eighteen acres of land near Lumber City, from Caleb Moore. This land he has improved with substantial buildings. For twenty years Mr. McQuown has followed the difficult calling of timber estimator and in this capacity he has been called to twenty-three States of the Union, and also in the interest of an eastern syndicate, visited the Bahama Islands, as a professional expert. He has esti- mated tracts that have sold for immense sums and is not surprised at a million-dollar prop- osition. In 1876 Mr. McQuown was married to Miss Rebecca Amich, who was born at Big Run, Jefferson county, Pa., a daughter of John and Sophia Amich, and they have five children : Edna, who is the wife of William Hepfer, of DuBois, Pa. ; x'Mta, who is the wife of E. B. Ferguson, of Clearfield; Wayne S., who mar- ried Daisy Folks; J. Roe, who is a teacher in the schools of Clearfield county; and C. R., who is a telegraph operator for the New York Central Railroad. Mr. and Mrs. McQuown are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. ROBERT HENDERSON, deceased, was a successful lumberman for many years in Geulich township, Clearfield county, Pa., where, shortly before his death, he had pur- chased a fann of 148 acres, to which he retired and on which he died in the following year. He was born in 1840, in Center county, Pa., and his death occurred January 12, 1899. His parents were David and Maiy (McMonni- gal) Henderson. His brothers and sisters were: Samuel, John, Milton, William, Eva, Mary, Malinda and Anna. Robert Henderson was married January 2, 1873, to Miss Elizabeth Laughlin, who sur- vives and resides at Ramey, Pa. Her parents were William and Margaret (Hooper) Laughlin. Mr. and Mrs. Laughlin had the following children: Elizabeth, William, Mi- chael, Richard, Mary, Anna, Ellen and Nora. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson became parents of the following children : William A. ; Mary G., who is the wife of J. R. Straw; Anna L., who is a teacher in the Ramey schools ; and David R. William A. and David R. Henderson own and operate a first class livery at Ramey, own- ing their buildings and stock and are among the representative business men of the place. In their political views, like their father, they are Republicans. The heirs of Robert Hen- derson own the well improved farm in Geulich township, 108 acres of which is cleared and under cultivation, and they also have a fine residence at Ramey. The family belongs to St. Lawrence Catholic church at Houtzdale, Pa. T. C. HOYT, proprietor of Hillside Farm, which contains seventy-eight acres and is sit- 640 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY uatecl in Huston township, Clearfield county, Pa., at Hickory Kingdom, five miles west of Penfield, is one of the leading men and pros- perous farmers of this section. He was born on his father's farm at Hickor}', Huston town- ship, December 19, 1844, and is a son of Wil- liam H. and Lydia Ann (O'Neill) Hoyt. William H. Hoyt was born at Cheshire, Mass., November 7, 1819. a son of Dr. W^il- liam and Roby (Mason) Hoyt, and a grand- son of Seth Hoyt, who was a soldier in the Revolutionary war. William H. Hoyt was six months old when his parents brought him to Clearfield, which was then a settlement of three houses. He became a farmer, first in Elk county and later moved back to Clearfield county and bought a farm from the English company in Huston township, where he passed the remainder of his life, his death occurring at Hickory, January 2, 1902. He married Ly- dia Ann O'Neil, who was born in Upper Can- ada, Jvme 4, 1825, and accompanied her par- ents to the United States when fifteen years of age. She survived until July 3, 1902, both of her two children surviving her, namely : Theodore C. and Lydia Maria, the latter be- ing the wife of D. Newell, of DuBois, Pa. T. C. Hoyt grew to manhood according to the manner of country boys, attending school and giving his father help on the farm. In 1870 he bought his farm from his father and has since carried on general agriculture. The larger part of the land he cleared himself and he erected all of the substantial farm build- ings. The location of the land is excellent and gives the place its pleasant-sounding name. Mr. Hoyt grows excellent crops and raises stock for his own use and has bountiful or- chards. Mr. Hoyt was married first, June 20, 1867, to Miss Margaret Beer, who died July 4, 1896. Five children survived her, namely : Edson D., married Agnes Henderson, and they have four children — Emmett G., Margaret I., Theodore C. and Mary Olive; Amanda, married M. S. Dunlap, and they have one child, Gladys M. ; George W., married Vida Davis, and they have four children — Ruth, Josephine, John P. and Catherine; Mary, married Charles Ber- key. and they liave six children — Charles E., George R., Margaret D., Agnes M., Harry D. and Dorsey W. ; Raymond E., who is post- master at Tyler, Pa., married Anna Dodd, and they have one child, Dorsey. Mr. Hoyt was married secondly, April 13, 1898, to Mrs. Salinda (Beer) Burns, daugh- ter of William Beer and widow of James Bums. Mrs. Burns had two children: Mary C, who is the wife of Lewis Sherwood and has three children — James B., Frances Louise and Edna May; and Edith,, who married Wil- liam R. Henderson and has three children — James L., Mabel C. and Albert. In politics Mr. Hoyt is a Republican and he lias frequently been selected by his party for important township offices. For seventeen years he served on the school board, for three years was overseer of the poor and for nine years was assessor. He has always been much interested in the Grange, of which he is a member. For forty-six years he has been a class leader in the Methodist Episcopal church and for twenty-seven years was superinten- dent of the Sunday school. H.\RRY E. WAGNER, owner and pro- prietor of a general store at Ramey, Clearfield county. Pa., was bom in this county in 1868 and is a son of William and Harriet (Wes- ley) Wagner. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 641 William Wagner has spent his life in Clear- field county and during his active years fol- lowed lumberiiTg. He has always been identi- fied with the Democratic party. He married Harriet Wesley, who was born also in Clear- field county and died about 1880. To William Wagner and wife four children were born: Harry E. ; Edith, who is the wife of E. C. Da- vis; Frank; and Chace. Harry E. Wagner attended the public schools and since then has been almost contin- uously engaged in the mercantile business. In 1895 he started for himself, in a small way at first, but has shown much business ability in the development of his enterprise, carrying now a large and well assorted stock and occu- pying a commodious building which he erected in 1904. In politics he is a Republican. Mr. Wagner is now serving in the borough coun- cil and formerly was auditor and for a num- ber of years was a member of the school board. He is well known all over Gulich township and is numbered with the honorable and successful business men of this section. In March, 1893, Mr. Wagner was married to Miss Josephine Westover, a daughter of David and Hannah (Baldwin) Westover, res- idents of Clearfield county. Mrs. Wagner has the following brothers and sisters : Aaron, Joseph, Cecelia, Elizabeth, Dessie, Anna and Sadie. Mr. and Mrs. Wagner have four chil- dren: Edward, Lazeffa, Bernice and Marie. Mr. Wagner and family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. He is identified fraternally with the Masons at Osceola and the P. O. S. of A., at Ramey. JOSEPH A. DOLL, owner and proprietor of the South Fork Farm, containing forty-five acres, situated in Huston township, Clearfield county, Pa., two and one-half miles west of Penfield, was born in Alsace Loraine, now Germany, September 4, 1847. ^^ is a son of Jacob and Catherine (Leitzick) Doll, natives of the same place, where they spent their lives, the father being a farmer. They had seven children: Frank, Jacob, Joseph A., George, Alice, John and Mary. The first twenty years of his life Mr. Doll spent on his father's farm, after which he spent five years in the German army, being a member of the 4th Marines. During the French and German war he was stationed with his company on an important island near the African border. At the close of this war that continued for three years he was honorably discharged and was paid the sum of $1,600, covering the five years of service during which he had proved a brave and obedient soldier. After a short visit home, in 1873 he came to America, the journey consuming twenty-four days at that time. He located first at Wil- liamsport. Pa., where he worked in a lumber yard for some months and then came to Clear- field county and worked for one year on the grading of the Pennsylvania road-bed. Mr. Doll then decided to engage in farming and rented land near his present farm in Huston township, from William Woodward, where he remained for five years. He then pur- chased his first five acres of his South Fork farm, from Edward Bunday, and to the orig- inal purchase continued to add from time to time, buying from John DuBois. He erected all the buildings and otherwise improved the place. His land is well watered by Bennetts Branch Creek, that runs through the farm, which is also crossed by the B. & S. Railroad. Mr. Doll was married April 31, 1877, to Miss Margaret Barner, who was born in 612 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Clearfield county, a daughter of Gebhardt Earner. Mr. and Mrs. Doll have three chil- dren: Frank, Edward and Arthur, who assist in managing and operating the farm. Polit- ically Mr. Doll is a Democrat and is serving in his ninth year as road super\'isor, having been elected and re-elected without solicitation on his part. He is identified with the local Grange. With his family he belongs to the Roman Catholic church. He is one of Huston township's most respected citizens. WILLIAM ALEXANDER REAMS, who is one of the best known citizens of Decatur township, Clearfield county, Pa., where he has lived since he was nine years old, was born December 25, 1836, at Phil- ipsburg. Center county. Pa., in a building on the present site of the Coal Exchange Hotel. His parents were John and Frances (Karney) Reams. Both parents of Mr. Reams w^ere born in Penn's Valley, Lycoming county. Pa., where they married. After the birth of two children, they moved to Philipsburg. The present thriving borough was then but a small settlement and there was not enough work in the place to keep an active man, like John Reams, profitably and continu- ously employed, therefore he accepted work as far away as Warrior's Mark, in Hunt- ingdon county, and walked the distance to and from. In 1845 he moved to Decatur township, Clearfield county, and took up an improved claim, where the old brick plant was located, near Osceola Mills, where he had about fifty acres. This land he soon sold but received only $10 in cash, money being exceedingly scarce at that time in this section. He was quite enterprising, however, and he next made a line around another fifty-acre claim, at what is now known as Hudsonville, and this land he disposed of for $25 to John Gearhart. Tlie next claim he took was one of ninety acres, it being the same on which his son, Curtis Reams, now lives. This place, with the help of his boys, he cleared oflf, destroying tim- ber at that time which, if now standing, would represent a fair fortune. One trou- ble that the early settlers all experienced was the difficulty of protecting their stock from the wild animals that then were nu- merous in the forest, and even human be- ings were not always safe in the primitive log cabins. There was a time when a roar- ing fire was built in the cabin when John Reams and wife and children lay down on their beds of hemlock boughs at night, as the only way of preventing the dangerous visits of wolves and panthers. John Reams and wife died and were buried in the Grain cemetery, half a mile from Osceola, in De- actur township. Eight children were born to John and Frances Reams, as follows: Samuel, who died in infancy; Frederick, who also died young; Lydia. who died in 1910, aged ninety years (was the wife of William A. Bloom); Sophia, deceased, who was the wife of Andrew Baughman ; Curtis, who re- sided in Decatur township, but died Thurs- day, April 20. 191 1, aged 87 years, and was buried beside his wife at Osceola; John, who also lives in Decatur township; Mary Ann, now deceased (was the wife of Andrew Gardner, of Tyrone) ; and William Alex- ander. William A. Reams, who was the young- est child of his parents, had but few school AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 643 opportunities in his youth, his education having been mainly acquired through read- ing and contact with others. He went into the woods to work while still young and for many years was in the employ of John M. Chase, and was foreman and acted in other capacities. He also was a pilot on the Sus- quehanna River, a position requiring both physical courage and skill, and rafted from Glen Hope to Marietta, Pa., and Peach Bottoms. He spent twenty-five years on the water and during four or five seasons was a cook on the log rafts and efficiently performed the duties of this necessary posi- tion on log drives that went as far as Wil- liamsport. For the last twenty-four years Mr. Reams has been opening fire clay and coal mines for the Philipsburg Coal and Land Company, which has its ofiice in New York City, his duties taking him all over Decatur township and into Center county. He was exceedingly active until 1908, since when his duties have not been quite so ex- acting but still earns a very substantial sal- ary with the company with which he has been so long identified. Mr. Reams was married October 28, i860, to Miss Sarah Miles, who was born one mile from Madera, Pa., in what is now Big- ler township, Clearfield county. She is a daughter of Lyman and Margaret (Hite) Miles, her father belonging to an old Maine family which came to Clearfield county in pioneer days. Her mother was reared in Huntingdon county. Pa. To Lyman and Margaret Miles the following children were born: Mary, who married Lemuel Alex- ander (both now deceased) ; George, who is deceased ; Martha, who married John Cathcart (both now deceased) ; Sarah, who is the wife of William A. Reams ; and Henry, Edward, Walker and James, all of whom live at Madera, Pa. Mrs. Reams is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Reams is nominally a Democrat but is an independent voter in local matters and he has been elected at different times to al- most all the township ofifices. He is a mem- ber of the order of Golden Eagles. Mr. Reams is a very entertaining conver- sationalist and his recollections of condi- tions and events which at one time pre- vailed in this section bring pictures of those days easily to the imagination. Reared in a but partially settled neighborhood, his boyhood was spent amid surroundings that belong to a long past time. Wild game as well as savage animals abounded in the for- est at that time, and in his day of youthful strength, he was a great hunter and prob- ably killed more deer than any other man in either Clearfield or Center counties. He remembers that he killed his first deer when he was only eleven years of age and since then more than 400 have fallen before his accurate marksmanship. Indeed, in those early days, it was necessary for some mem- ber of the family to be more or less of a hunter, as the meat that sustained life had to be found either in the forest or in the streams, which latter, in his day, were full of trout. He also excelled as a fisherman and he tells in an amusing way how his good wife, one season, attempted to keep count of the fish he caught, but after her tally reached 1,300 she grew tired and per- haps the total would have doubled the amount. Amusements were not wanting, however, in what, to the present genera- tion, seems must have been a life of more 614 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY or less constant toil, but the friendly feeling that existed among people at that time brought about much sociability and visit- ing. The present day commercialism was not known and i)eople were more consid- ered for their worth than their worldly pos- sessions. Hospitality was universal and a stranger was kindly welcomed, his wants attended to and he was sent on his way. It is but natural that Mr. Reams should re- call the old days as he looks back so many years and sees the wonderful changes that have taken place in every direction. In all the practical development in his immediate neighborhood he has shared and has done his full duty as a citizen. C. P. CARR, justice of the peace in Pike township, where he owns a valuable farm of loo acres, situated three and one-half miles nortlieast of Curwensville, Pa., was born June 6, 1855, in Bradford township, Clearfield county, Pa., and is a son of Ben- jamin and a grandson of Asil Carr. Asil Carr was probably born in New York, and when he came first to Pennsyl- vania settled at Red Bank, in Clarion county. Possibly he married there, his wife's name being Katherine, and when he moved to Lawrence township, near Center Church, he was accompanied by his wife and four sons and one daughter, bearing the following names: Benjamin, Alexan- der, Richard, W'iliiam and Jane. He spent the remainder of his life in Lawrence town- ship, mainly engaged in work as a mill- wright, and built many dams on the river. His death occurred at the age of seventy years and his burial was at Center Church. Benjamin Carr and his brothers attended school at Red Bank and was a young man when the family came to Lawrence town- ship. He operated a saw-mill for several years and then purchased the present farm, then containing 165 acres, from J. & C. Lenox. With the help of his sons he cleared all but fifteen acres which are now very valuable timber lands. He continued in the mill business, hiring help to operate his farm. During the Civil War he was in the service, a member of Co. E, 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., and toward the end of the war was captured by the Confederates and incarcer- ated in Libby Prison, where he died from harsh treatment. His burial was at An- napolis, i\ld. His marriage was with Eliza- beth Williams, a daughter of Edward Wil- liams, of Bradford township, and the fol- lowing children were born to them : Mercy Jane, who is now deceased, was the wife of Austin Trimp, of Bigler; C. P., of Pike township; W. S., who was married first to Mary Thompson, and second to Orie Bloom, a daughter of Zachariah Bloom ; Mary, who is the wife of Peter Gearhart; and Richard, who married Alberta King. The mother of the above family died in 1882. C. P. Carr attended school at Pleasant Grove and afterward began the duties of life, naturally becoming a farmer and later engaging in teaming. After the death of his mother, the home farm, some ten years later, was divided between W. S. and C. P. Carr, the former taking the buildings and sixty-five acres of land, and the latter the 100 acres, on which there were no struc- tures. Subsequently he erected the solid, substantial buildings now standing and has lived on his land until the present. He has a valuable coal bank which produces 20c AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 645 tons of coal a month which he deUvers to the neighboring tile works. He does some truck farming in addition to his regular agricultural operations, and a productive peach orchard gives him some fine fruit to dispose of each year. He is a member of the Grange and of the Agricultural Society. On August 31, 1874, Mr. Carr was mar- ried to Miss Annie Leese, a daughter of Isaac and Mary (Tomey) Leese, and they have five children: Harvey, who resides on the home farm, married Efiie Addleman and they have one child, Helen; Orlo, who also lives on the farm, married Emma Ful- lerton, and they have one daughter, Sarah; Fred, who is also one of the home farmers, married Pearl Cuppler, and they have two children, Leonora and Mary; Williard, who lives at Luthersburg, married Edith Hays; and Zella, who lives at home. Mr. Carr and family are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church, of which he is a trustee. In politics he is a Democrat and has frequently been elected to office on the Democratic ticket, serving as a useful member of the school board, as road supervisor and for the past six years he has been a justice of the peace, and is serving in his second term. He is a member of the Royal Order of the Moose and other fraternal organizations. HON. CHARLES BIGLER PATRICK, formerly burgess of Burnside, Pa., and a member of the borough school board, has been in the undertaking business here since 1905, and is one of the leading citizens. He was born in Burnside township, Clearfield county, Pa., August 21. 1851, and is a son of James and Eliza (Rummel) Patrick. James Patrick was born in Lancaster 37 county, Pa. From there he moved to Arm- strong county, where he married Eliza Rummel, a daughter of John Rummel. He was a farmer and general laborer and lost his life while rafting on the Susquehannah River, when aged seventy-two years. He was a stanch Democrat, but never held of- fice. Both he and his wife were members of the Evangelical church. They had the following children : George, who is de- ceased ; Mary Jane, who is the wife of John Beringer, of Burnside ; Chambers, who is deceased; Margaret, who is the wife of J. Brickley, of Burnside ; Libby, who is the wife of D. Redmond, of Falmouth, Ky. ; John, who died in infancy ; Dallas, who lives in Bell township; Maria, who is a resident of Cherry Tree ; Mrs. Fanny King, who is deceased ; and Charles B. Charles B. Patrick obtained his education in the public schools and afterward, until twenty-five years of age, was engaged in teaniing and other work. He then learned the carpenter trade at which he was em- ployed until 1905, when he embarked in the undertaking business. He has all necessary equipments and accommodations and his trade comes from a wide territory, people who have known him and his family for years having the utmost confidence in him. Mr. Patrick was married to Miss Mary Ann Cuningham, who was born February 5, 1850, at Philadelphia, a daughter of Wil- liam and Margaret (Hannah) Cunning- ham, natives of Southern Pennsylvania. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Patrick, namely: Margaret, who for- merly was treasurer of Burnside borough ; James D., who is deceased, is survived by four children who live with their grand- 646 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY father; Earl R., who is a miner, living at Burnside, married Etta Stuchel ; William E,. who married Floy Tiger, has two chil- dren ; LeRoy, who is deceased; Murray, who is a student in the veterinary depart- ment of the University of Pennsylvania, and John A., who is a telephone lineman living at Pittsburg. Politically Mr. Patrick is a Democrat. He is one of the most active members of the Bumside lodge of Odd Fellows and has passed through all the chairs, having united with it in 1882, and he belongs also to the Encampment and the Daughters of Re- becca. Mr. Patrick and wife belong to the Methodist Episcopal church. JAMES O. LEONARD,* who is a mem- ber of one of the old settled families of Clearfield county, was born on his present farm of 1 10 acres, in Girard township, in 1 88 1, and has always lived here. He is a son of Oliver and Christine (Albright) Leonard. Oliver Lenoard was born on the farm mentioned, on which his father had settled in 183 1, and spent his life here engaged in agricultural pursuits, until his death, in June, 1905. He married Christine Albright, who was of German extraction and a native of Lancaster county. She still survives and is now in her seventieth year. James O. Leonard has been engaged in farming and stock raising ever smce his school days ended and has taken pride in preserving and improving the estate which has been continuously in the family for eighty-nine years. His methods are those of the intelligent, well informed agricultur- ist of present day, practical ideas. In ad- dition to being a successful farmer he is active in political matters and has satisfac- torily served two years as township super- visor and seven years as constable of Gir- ard township. He is identified with the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Lodge No. 341, Clearfield, and belongs also to the Gir- ard Grange. The Leonard fami is situated sixteen miles east of Clearfield. On June 16, 1900, Mr. Leonard was mar- ried to Miss Fannie Krise, who was born, reared and educated in Girard township, a daughter of O. D. Krise, a well known resi- dent. Mr. and Mrs. Leonard have si.x chil- dren who bear the following names : Irene, Christine, Alvin. Oliver, Thomas and Mary. WILLI AM L. WISE, a foremost citi- zen of Knox township, who, for the past fourteen years has held the responsible of- fice of township treasurer, resides on his well improved farm of 100 acres, which is situated three miles w-est of Boardman, Pa. He was born in Ferguson township, Clear- field county, March 28, 1855, and is a son of William and Jane (Caldwell) Wise. William Wise was born in Center county, Pa., a son of Conrad Wise. The family moved to Pike township, Clearfield county, in his early manhood and he remained with his parents until his marriage to Jane Cald- well, a daughter of Matthew Caldwell, a prominent farmer of this section. After marriage, William Wise and his wife set- tled in Ferguson township, where he ac- quired a farm of 150 acres, a great part of which he cleared by his own industry. This farm now belongs to the estate of the late AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 649 Curtis Bell. William Wise also engaged in lumbering, and spent all of his life after marriage, in Ferguson township, where his death occurred in December, 1876, at the age of sixty-five years. He was a consist- ent member of the Lutheran church. In politics he was a Democrat but never entered into any contest for oiifice. His widow lived to be eighty-four years of age and their remains rest side by side at New Millport. She was reared in the Presbyter- ian faith. Their children, ten in number, were as follows: D. A., who is a resident of Altoona, married Ruth McCracken; Susan, who is the wife of James R. Cupples and lives at Lumber City; Abbie, who is the widow of William R. Curry, of Pike township; Lavina, who is the wife of James Ferguson, lives in Ferguson township ; Maggie, who is deceased, was the wife of James R. Bloom; George W., who died young; Eliza, who is deceased, was the wife of John N. Hile, also deceased; Elmira E., who is the widow of Z. L. Hoover, resides at Clearfield; an infant son, deceased; and William L. William L. Wise, with his brothers and sisters, attended the public schools in Fer- guson township and afterward assisted his father on the home farm until his own mar- riage, ever since which time he has lived on his present farm in Knox township, all of which is under cultivation except ten acres in valu- able timber. He is not only one of the suc- cessful agriculturists of this section but he is also a very prominent and popular citi- zen. Since reaching manhood he has been interested in public matters in his township and on the Democratic ticket has been many times elected to ofifice, serving as treasurer, collector and auditor. He is one of the stockholders of the* Farmers' and Traders' National Bank of Clearfield. In January, 1876, Mr. Wise was married first to Miss Samantha Glenn, who left one child, Vada. He was married second to Miss Olivia Mokel, a daughter of D. E. Mokel, of New Millport, and two sons were bom to them: Lester Bryant, who died when aged twenty-three months; and Athol Verne, who. for three years has been in a brokerage ofBce in Philadelphia. He is a graduate of Bucknell Univer- sity, and is married and resides at East Orange, N. J. JOHN H. WILKINSON, who owns twen- ty-eight acres of land in Bigler Township, Clearfield County, where he is developing a val- uable coal mine, is a well known and highly respected citizen of this section. He was bom in England, October 8, i860, and is a son of John and Alice (Limb) Wilkinson. The parents of Mr. Wilkinson were born in England and after coming to the United States, located at Osceola, Clearfield County, where the mother still resides, the father being now de- ceased. They had the following children : Mary, who is the wife of James McCrossin; Annie; John H. ; Salina, who is the wife of Thomas Mays ; Eliza, who is the wife of John Madison; Florence, wife of Mr. Ed- munds ; and Herbert. John H. Wilkinson attended the common schools only and began work in the coal mines when young and coal mining has been his busi- ness ever since. On his own land he had de- veloped one mine and is opening up a second one and gives employment to six men. His prospects are encouraging, his coal being of 650 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY excellent quality and the vein seemingly inex- haustible. In 1883 Mr. Wilkinson was married to Miss Martha Cowfer, a daughter of David Cowfer, of Center County, and she has the following brothers and sisters: Mary, Jane, George, Irvin, Rachel, Wall, William and May. To Mr. and Mrs. Wilkinson the following children have been Ijorn : Rosella, who is the wife of John P. Martin; Florence, who is llie wife of Philip Henry ; and Frank, Grace, George, Earl, Harry, Martha and Howard. In politics Mr. Wilkin- son is a Republican. He is a member of the fralemai order of Odd Fellows and belongs to the lodge at Houtzdale. JOSEPH SEYLER, a representative citizen of Brady township, formerly auditor of the township and member of the school board, resides on his valuable farm of ninety-five acres and carries on general agri- culture. He was born in Brady township, June 10, 1843, and is a son of John H. and Sarah Fisher (Kirk) Seyler. John H. Seyler was born in Center county, Pa., a son of Michael Seyler. After the death of his mother the father moved to Clearfield county with his two sons, John H. and Joseph, locating in Brady township, one and one-half miles north of Luthers- burg. The father died there and Joseph subsequently died at Rockton, Pa. John H. Seyler bought the farm and later sold a part of it to H. Aurand, but the other part belongs to the estate, John H. Seyler dying at Luthersburg, at the age of eighty-two years. He was survived for a short time by his widow, who died at the age of eighty- one years. To them ten children had been born, the record being as follows: James H., Joseph, Mary A. and Reuben, twins, Ferdinand and Isabella, twins, Austin, Lydia Jane, Elizabeth and Jack. Joseph Seyler assisted on the home farm and attended the country schools until seventeen years of age, when he learned the pottery trade and continued until he be- came a pottery owner, a member of the firm of Kirk, Porter & Seyler. In 1875 he bought the interests of his partners and conducted the business alone until 1895 when he retired from it and settled then on the farm which he had bought in the mean- while. He has resided here ever since his marriage and has carried on the usualjarm industries with satisfactory results. A vein of coal is under his farm and it may prove a source of large income. Mr. Seyler was married June 26, 1870, to Miss Frances Brockbank, a daughter of Thomas and Isabella (King) Brockbank, natives of England. Mr. and Mrs. Brock- bank settled first at Philadelphia and moved from there into Elk county and later came to Clearfield county, where he died in 1900, at the age of seventy-nine years. The mother of Mrs. Seyler was born in 1824, and resides at DuBois, in the enjoyment of both physical and mental health. To Mr. and Mrs. Brockbank the following children were born : Frances Ann, who was born in England and was two years old when the family crossed the Atlantic Ocean to America, the journey consuming six weeks; Mary, who married Charles Waugh ; Mar- garet, who is the widow of A. Pence, once sheriff of Clearfield county; S. T. and Jo- seph W., both of whom are deceased; and Isabella, who is deceased, was the wife of Austin Long. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 651 Mr. and Mrs. Seyler have eight children, namely: Mary Emma, who married Jack M. Greismer, and they have four children — Frances, Lenora, Alice and Fredericka, all residing at DuBois; Bertha, who mar- ried Henry Kirk, residing at Luthersburg, and they have five children — Francis, Phebe, Russell, Fred and Richard; and Ber- nice, Olive, Eleazer, Lynn, Edgar and Har- bison, who is the home farmer. In politics Mr. Seyler is a Democrat. He is a mem- ber of the Grange at Luthersburg. JAMES LEWIS WEAVER, who is en- gaged in the general mercantile business at Burnside, Clearfield county, Pa., a citizen who stands high in public esteem, was born June ID, 1858, in Burnside township, Clearfield county, and is a son of James H. and Sarah Ann (Campbell) Weaver. James H. Weaver was born in Union county. Pa., December 23, 181 6. When he was ten years old he accompanied his parents to Clearfield county and here obtained a dis- trict school education, according to opportu- nities offered at that time, and afterward en- gaged in farming and lumbering. In 1888 he moved to Burnside and resided here until his death, on March 2, 1905. His parents were John and Ruth (Zimmerman) Weaver, the former of whom was born in Northampton county, Pa., and died in Clearfield county, May 10, 1870. When fourteen years of age he started to learn the tailoring trade at Milton, Pa. In 1827 he moved into Clearfield county which was largely a wilderness at that time. He married Ruth Zimmerman, who was born May 8, 1788, and they had ten children born to them. On May 30, 1843, James H. Weaver was married to Sarah Ann Campbell, who was born March 23, 1821, and still survives, re- siding in the old homestead in Burnside bor- ough. Her parents were Thomas and Mary (Wheeland) Campbell, natives of Chester county, the former of whom was born Janu- ary 12, 1786, and the latter, September 12, 1792. To James H. Weaver and wife were born the following children : Henrietta, who is the wife of David Mitchell, of Curry Run, Pa. ; Frances Emma, who is the wife of Thomas Mitchell, of Burnside; Mary K., who is the wife of Alvin Schaeffer, lives in the old homestead; Harriet Ruth, who is the wife of John L. Breth; John Thomas, who is de- ceased; and James Lewis. The venerable mother of this family is a member of the Methodist Protestant church, as was the father. James Lewis Weaver attended school at Deer Run and later an academy at New Washington, under Prof. G. W. Innes, after which, like his father, he engaged in lumber- ing and farming. In 1890 he came to Burn- side and embarked in the general mercantile business, in which line he has been quite suc- cessful and has a place among the foremost business men of the town. He has never taken any very active part in politics. On March 21, 1882, Mr. Weaver was mar- ried to Miss Sarah Edith Black, who was born December 5, 1857, in Indiana county, Pa., a daughter of Samuel P. and Nancy (Craig) Black. Mr. and Mrs. Weaver have two daughters, Sarah Inda and Nancy Emma, both of whom are capable young women with mod- ern ideas and both are entirely independent, the older daughter being a milliner and the latter a dressmaker. Mrs. Weaver set the ex- ample, having been a successful and valued 052 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY school-teacher prior to her marriage. She is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. C. E. ERHARD, president of the Knox Township School Board, of which he has been a useful meinber for ten years, carries on gen- eral farming on 150 acres of excellent land, which belongs to his father. He was born in Knox township, Clearfield county. Pa., Feb- ruary 10, 1863. Christian Erhard, the paternal grandfather, was born in Center county and before mar- riage came to Clearfield county and here the father of C. E. Erhard was born. When the latter reached manhood he married Elizabeth Straw, daughter of Christian Straw, of Fer- guson township, and ten children were born to them, as follows : Alvin ; Maria, who is the wife of George Boyce; Emma, who is de- ceased, was the wife of David Bright; Edith J.; C. E. ; C. V., who resides in Oregon; Big- ler W., who is deceased, was formerly a teacher in Bedford county; B. W., a twin of Bigler W., who is a teacher in Bedford county ; J. A., who is a resident of Glassport, .'\lle- gheny county, married, first, Josephine Shaf- fer, and second, Clara Cesna; and Maude E., who is the wife of Clarence Bevens, of Jen- ners, Somerset county. After marriage, the parents of Mr. Erhard purchased a farm near New Millport and later, after the death of Grandfather Christian Erhard, the father of C. E. Erhard purchased the interests of the other heirs, in partnership with his brother Enoch. The farm is well improved and un- der its present management is a very produc- tive property. The father still survives, the mother dying May 24, 1901. He is one of the highly respected older residents of the town- ship. C. E. Erhard was reared in the principles of the Democratic party, by his father, but in late years votes as his judgment directs. At all times, however, he has been a good citizen and is one so well qualified for office and so thor- oughly interested in the public schools that his fellow citizens have done themselves credit in retaining his services on the school board. He is a member of the Knights of the Golden Eagles. ELWOOD S. HENDERSON, a well known citizen of Burnside, whose occupation is the superintendency of planing-mill con- struction, was born in Burnside township, Sep- tember 25. 1854, son of John G. and Matilda (Trimbell) Henderson. John G. Henderson, the father, was born in Armstrong county. Pa. and is still living at the age of 82 years. At the age of 12 he was bound out to learn the carpenter's trade, and ten years later came to Burnside, where he followed his trade until 1904, when he retired from active industrial life. He married Matilda Trimbell, who died October 13, 1903, at the age of 66. Grand- father Henderson was killed by a threshing machine when our subject's father was a boy. Mr. and Mrs. John G. Henderson were the parents of the following children : Elwood S., whose name appears at the head of this sketch; Elizabeth, widow of L. H. Haney; Lilly May, wife of J. H. Prothero of Punxsu- tawney. Pa.; and Delia, wife of Samuel M. Wetzel, also of Punxsutawney. Elwood S. Henderson, after his school days were over, took up the carpenter's trade, which he followed up to the age of 21 years. He then married, after which he followed his trade in connection with lumbering up to 1890. He was then appointed to a position as super- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 653 intendent of planing-mill work in portions of West Virginia and Maryland, and Burnside, which occupation he has continued until the present time. In 1874 he also became inter- ested indirectly in an undertaking business at Burnside. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant church, and belongs to the I. O. O. F. lodge at Burnside. He votes the Prohibi- tion ticket and has held borough offices, serv- ing one term — in 1900 — as burgess of Burn- side. He also served as councilman for eigh- teen years; as a member of the school board three years, and as constable two terms. Mr. Henderson is the oldest citizen bom in the borough of Burnside. Elwood S. Henderson married Mary Vir- ginia Conner, who was born February 15, 1856, at Diamondville, Indiana county. Pa., a daughter of John C. Conner. Her mother's maiden name was Anne Widdowson. Mr. and Mrs. Henderson are the parents of two children : Zulah, a daughter, who was born the 31st of July, 1876; Harry, a son, born September 6, 1878, and died December 26. 1878; Zulah is now the wife of A. D. Mitch- ell, a meat market proprietor of Portage, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell have four children — Lynn, Torrence, Pauline and Fredrick. W. W. CATHCART, a prosperous agri- culturist of Knox township, who resides on his well improved farm of 100 acres, situated one and one-fourth miles east of Olanta, Pa., was born July 31, i860, in Knox township, on an adjoining farm. His parents were James and Rachel (Flegal) Cathcart, the former of whom died July 27, 1884, and the latter, March 8, 191 1. The Cathcart family is one of the old, prominent and substantial ones of this section. W. W. Cathcart attended the Turkey Hill school in Knox township in his youth and af- terward turned his attention to lumbenng and farming. He lived at home until his marriage and for seven months afterward and then came to his present farm, which is a part of the old homestead, his father at one time hav- ing owned 600 acres of land. Mr. Cathcart has fifty acres of his land cleared and under cultivation and has erected substantial build- ings. He also has a mill on the place and does his own grinding and custom work for the neighborhood. He is a stockholder in the Knox Mutual Telephone Company and is one of the township's enterprising men. In July, 1881, Mr. Cathcart was married to Miss Nora A. Dunlap, a daughter of John R. Dunlap, of Knox township, and they have had nine children, as follows: J. C, who as- sists his father on the home farm ; Merna, who is in business for herself as a dressmaker; May, who married James Robbins; and Lewis G., Elva, Ralph, Cora and Howard, all at home; and an infant son, deceased. Mr. Cath- cart and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Turkey Hill. He is iden- tified with Lawrence Grange, in which he takes much interest and belongs also to the P. O. S. of A. and the P. O. of A., at Olanta, as does his wife and two of their sons, J. C. and Lewis G. In politics he is a prominent Republican and is chairman of the Knox Township Cen- tral Committee. WILLIAM CHICK, whose farm of fifty acres is situated in Sandy township, two miles southeast of DuBois, has been a resident of Clearfield county since 1888, but he was born in England. His parents, William and Ellen Chick, are both deceased. He has one sister, Frances, who is the wife of John Charlton and they also live in Clearfield county. 654 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY William Chick had but few educational op- portunities when he was a boy and started to work in the coal mines in England when he was only eleven years of age. He came to America at the age of seventeen years and worked first in the mines in Luzerne county. Pa., later worked for six months in the mines in Carbon county and one year in the Adrian mines at Punxsutawney, Pa. In 1888 he came to DuBois and invested his savings in his present fami, purchasing from Harriet Bogle, and for several years afterward kept away from the mines, occupied entirely in cultivat- ing his land and in working in the woods. He subsequently turned his attention to the raising of poultry and has made a success of this busi- ness, going about it in a very practical way and making suitable preparations, including the building of a large poultry house, con- structed of concrete. He has excellent water facilities, plenty of nuining space for his fowls, and his present average of selling is 1.200 Plymouth Rock chickens a year. He has improved his place in every way, rebuild- ing the house and making his surroundings attractive. When Shaft No. i of the DuBois mines was sunk, Mr. Chick entered the employ of the company as sinker and later resumed mining and subsequently was made check weighman. From that position he was promoted to that of fire boss, then was made mine foreman, and in October, 19 10, was appointed superinten- dent of the shaft, succeeding S. C. Crist. His long experience as a miner makes Mr. Chick a valuable official to the company and a popu- lar one with the miners as he has passed through every experience and thus thoroughly understands every condition. Mr. Chick was married December 25, 1888, to Miss Margaret Bogle, a daughter of Rob- ert and Harriet Bogle, and they have had ten children: William R., Harriet, Adeline, Grace, Margaret, Ruth, Joseph, Myrtle, Lil- lian and Amelia, all of whom survive except little Myrtle, who died when only six years old. Mr. and Mrs. Chick are members of the Episcopal church. He is identified fraternally with the Red Men and the Knights of Pythias, and belongs also to the Grange. A. M. KIRK & SON, jewelers, with busi- ness location on the corner of Filbert and State streets, Curwensville, Pa., is a business name of much importance in this borough and for many years it has been one that is a syno- nym for business integrity. The founder of the business was the late A. M. Kirk, who later associated his son, Henry P. Kirk, with him and the present firm style was then adopted. A. M. Kirk was born October 5, 1849, at Lumber City, Pa., and died at Curwensville. September 19, 1904. He was a son of Samuel and Alice (Moore) Kirk, the former of whom was an extensive lumberman at one time and with his father, A. M. Kirk, was in the same business for some years. In 1870 he married and continued to reside at Lumber City for two more years, living on a farm adjoining the town, and then came to Cur\vensville, where he learned the jeweler trade and opened his first store on the comer opposite to the present building, which he erected in 1882, having lost his first one by fire. He became one of the representative citizens of Curwensville, taking his part in public matters as became a good citizen, investing in property and furthering laudable enterprises of different kinds. He was one of the charter directors of the Citi- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 655 zens' National Bank of Curwensville. In his political views he was a Republican and occa- sionally he consented to serve in such offices as school director, from a sense of duty. He was a birthright member of the Society of Friends, but attended the Presbyterian church with his family and served as a trustee of the same. Fraternally he was identified with the Odd Fellows and the Masons, having attained the thirty-second degree in the latter organiza- tion and his funeral, at Oak Hill cemetery, was under the direction of the local Masonic lodge. On March 31, 1870, A. M. Kirk was mar- ried to Miss Rebecca Port, a daughter of Henry and Rebecca (Clover) Port, and six children were bom to them, namely: Samuel B., who was born near Lumber City, is a graduate of Swarthmore College and is now in the drug business in Philadelphia, and mar- ried Cecelia Morgan of that city ; Henry P., who was born near Lumber City, is a graduate of Horological Institute, Philadelphia, is now at the head of the firm of A. M. Kirk & Son, at Curwensville, and married Laura Haworth; Frank H., who was born at Curwensville, is a graduate of Swarthmore College and is in the drug business at Memphis, Tenn. ; Alice, who is a graduate of the Women's College, at Frederick, Md. ; M. D., who is a graduate of Lehigh University, resides at Ebensburg, be- ing a mining engineer; and Fred S., who is also a college graduate, is in business at Phil- adelphia, Pa. W. A. DENLING* proprietor of a grocery store at Woodland, Pa., has been a resident of this borough for the past twenty-five years, and was born in Indiana county. Pa., a son of William and Nancy (McClain) Denling. Both parents were natives of Indiana county. Pa., and the father was a miller by trade. W. A. Denling was nine years old when his parents died, and he spent his early boyhood days in Indiana county, where he attended the local schools. At the age of sixteen years he came to Woodland, Pa., and began working in the Clay mines near here. He worked contin- uously in these mines for twenty years and in 1905 established himself in the grocery busi- ness at Woodland. He carries a full line of groceries and has met with uninterrupted suc- cess. Mr. Denling was married in 1882 to Blanche Peters of Woodland and they began housekeeping at Wallaceton, Pa. Her father, now deceased, was one of the prominent farm- ers of this section of the county. One cnild has been born to Mr. and Mrs. Denling — Ma- bel. They hold membership with the Breth- ren church of Woodland. Mr. Denling is a member of the I. O. O. F. No. 198, of Clear- field, and also in the order of Moose, of Clear- field. HARVEY BLOOM, a leading citizen of Pike township, residing on his well improved farm of 140 acres, which is situated one mile east of Curwensville, was bom in this town- ship, September 18, 1841, and is a son of James A. and a grandson of Isaac Bloom. James A. Bloom was also born in Pike township, the Bloom family being one of the old and substantial ones of this part of Clear- field county. He settled on the farm now owned by his son, Harvey Bloom, following a short period on a rented farm north of Cur- wensville, and this remained his permanent home, his death occurring here at the age of eighty-eight years, four months and eight 656 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY days. He was a member of tlie Baptist church. In politics he was identified with the Democratic party and he frequently served in township offices, having been constable, collec- tor and supen-isor and also overseer of the poor. He married Mary Ann Hile, a daugh- ter of Henry Hile, Sr., and they had eleven children born to them, as follows : Naomi, Frampton, Harvey, Jane, Edward, Amos, Harriet, Mary, Daniel, Julia Ann and Lucy. The mother of the above family died at the age of seventy-six years and both she and the father were buried in the Bloomington ceme- tery. They were good people in every sense of the word and enjoyed the respect and es- teem of those who knew them. Harvey Bloom attended school at Cur- wensville. He has devoted himself to agri- cultural pursuits and has always lived on the old homestead. He has been an active and in- terested citizen of his community and, like his late father, has frequently been chosen by his fellow citizens for public office in the town- ship and at present is serving as supervisor and as overseer of the poor. Mr. Bloom was married to Miss Fannie Lei- sher, who is a daughter of Daniel Leisher, of Snyder county, Pa., and they have one son, G. Gordon, who assists his father. Mr. and Mrs. Bloom are members of the Baptist church at Curwensville. Formerly he was identified with the order of Knights of Pythias at the same place. He has always given his polit- ical support to the Democratic party. PATCHIN. Among the old and repre- sentative families of Clearfield county is that of Patchin, one that has been prominently identified with many business interests partic- ularly along the lines of lumbering and mer- chandising. The family has also been one that has been foremost in good citizenship and through marriage is closely connected also with other leading families of this part of Pennsylvania. The first of the Patchin family of whom there is record, was John Patchin, who was bom in 1789, at Sabbath-Day Point, near Lake George, Warren county, N. Y., where he married Elizabeth Wright. He early en- gaged in lumbering and had a slide for logs on the side of Black Mountain above the lake. In 1835 he came to Clearfield county and set- tled among the pines along the Susquehanna river, purchasing 10.000 acres of timber land. He was a man of much enterprise and was one of the first to engage in logging and raft- ing lumber down the Susquehanna river to supply distant markets. In 1847 he brought his family to Clearfield county and they lived at first at Curwensville but later established a settlement in the county which was named Patchinsville, in his honor, and there he started the first mercantile supply store in this section of the country. In 1848 he admitted his sons to partnership in his large lumbering enter- prises and the business was conducted under the firm name of John Patchin & Sons. This pioneer of the family died December 21, 1863, at the age of seventy-four years. His widow surA'ived until i860. They left seven children. Aaron Patchin, son of John and Elizabeth (Wright) Patchin, was born August 15, 1822, at Hague, Warren county, N. Y. He early engaged in the lumber business on Lake George, N. Y., and in 1847 he followed his father to Clearfield county and became asso- ciated with the latter and with his brothers in lumbering on the Upper Susquehanna river, working under the firm name of John Patchin AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 657 & Sons. When John Patchin died, Aaron, who had been his father's chief advisor, inher- ited the greater part of John Patchin's real es- tate, but later settled all claims with his brother and sisters and this estate now covers over 8,000 acres of land. Aaron Patchin also be- came the owner of a general store at Patch- insville, which was founded by and named for his father, at which time it was a supply sta- tion for this entire community. Aaron Patchin was, like his father, a man of great industry and enterprise. In 1887 he acquired large in- terests at Camden, N. J., and established there a saw-mill and also went into the manufac- turing of spars, masts, etc., for sailing ships, on an extensive scale. On June 26, 1862, Aa- ron Patchin was married to Elizabeth Barrett, a daughter of George Barrett, of In- diana county. Pa. CONRAD BLOOM, a highly respected citizen and substantial farmer of Pike town- ship, owns 100 acres of excellent land situated six miles south of Curwensville, all but twenty of which is under cultivation, that be- ing in valuable timber. He was born in Pike township, December i, 1839, and is a son of Abraham H. and Anna Eliza (Kyler) Bloom. Abraham H. Bloom was born also in Pike township, in 1813, and was a son of John Bloom, this family being one of the old and prominent ones of this section. Abraham H. Bloom married Anna Eliza Kyler, who was born in Morris township, a daughter of Con- rad Kyler, of Greencastle, Lancaster county. Pa., and they had nine children, namely: Ra- chel, who is deceased, was the wife of Samuel Snyder ; Conrad ; Isaac, who is deceased ; Katherine, who is the widow of William With- row ; Alexander, who is deceased ; Martin, who first married Theresa Jordan, and sec- ond, Mary Kodar; Samuel S., who married Jane Witherow ; Mary, deceased, who was the wife of George High; and Abigail, who mar- ried Daniel P. Bloom. After marriage, Mr. Bloom resided for a short time in Pike town- ship and then moved to Morris township but returned to Pike township, later removing to Lawrence and then to Knox township, in which section he died at the age of fifty-one years. His widow survived to be seventy-six years of age. They were members of the Fruit Hill Presbyterian Church and were in- terred in the cemetery belonging to it. Abra- ham H. Bloom was a lifelong Democrat but he never accepted any political position. Conrad Bloom attended school in Pike and Lawrence townships. When he was old enough he engaged in lumbering, during the winter seasons, devoting his summers to farm- ing, and continued until he was married, after- ward residing upon a farm of 100 acres in Knox township for some years, then sold it and came to his present farm in Pike town- ship, purchasing it from William R. Curry. He made improvements on the buildings and has everything very comfortable in his sur- roundings. Mr. Bloom has been a very suc- cessful farmer but the larger burden of re- sponsibility now rests on the shoulders of his son, Allen H. Bloom, who is a member of the Pike Township School Board. On March i, 1866, Mr. Bloom was married to Miss Mary Jane Hoover, who was born in Pike township, a daughter of Abraham Hoo- ver. Mrs. Bloom died December 9, 1893, and her burial was in the Fruit Hill cemetery. One son was born to Mr. and Mrs. Bloom, Allen H., who married Mary C. Tobias, a daughter of Samuel Tobias, and they have 658 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY five children : Ruth, who teaches at the Oak- land school house; Edwin, who is a teacher at Olanta; and Zoe, Oma and Floyd. In politics Mr. Bloom is a Democrat. He served as a school director in Knox township and as road supervisor in Pike township. He is an elder in the Fruit Hill Presbyterian church. DAVID TYLER, deceased, for years was one of the leading men of Huston Township, Clearfield County, being identified with its im- portant interests, many of which he founded and encouraged through his progressiveness and public spirit. The prosperous town of Tyler, named in his honor, stands on a part of his 600- acre farm. He was bom in Oneida County, N. Y., March 19, 1809, and was a son of Mar- tin and Elizabeth ( Alfoot) Tyler. The parents were natives of Connecticut and came to Penn- sylvania and settled in Bradford County. David Tyler was one of a family of ten chil- dren and his boyhood was spent in Oneida County, where he later taught school, and he continued to teach after coming to Lycoming County, Pa. At the time of the building of the West Branch Canal, he went to Nortiumiber- land County and worked on its constmction for a time, .\fter his marriage, in 1830 he en- gaged in tlie lumber business with Dr. Reed at Trout Run. in Lycoming dounty and became a man of public importance there. He was first appointed to the office of justice of the peace by Governor Sluiltz; second by Governor Rit- ner. and was elected to his third term. In 1848 he moved to Clearfield County and came to Huston Township, which was then so much of a wilderness that the road had to be cleared in order that his wagons could penetrate the for- est, and deer and other wild animals were nu- merous. The first home was only a log shanty but a substantial frame house soon took its place and later, after he had burned the bricks on his farm, Mr. Tyler built the present 16- room brick mansion that continues to l)e the family homestead. When Mr. Tyler came first to Huston Town- ship it was in the interest of John DuBois, the great lumberman of this district, and he was connected with him until he began operating timber tracts for himself. It was while he was yet with Mr. DuBois that he took the first load of coal from this section down the creek, in a flat-boat, in order to have it tested. Mr. Tyler was a far-seeing, sensible man and his ideas along all lines were far in advance of his fellow citizens. It was he who first saw the wisdom of introducing farm machinery and owned the first threshing machine and other farm imple- ments that before his time had been entirely unknown to even the best informed fanners of the county. He also was the first purchaser of a sewing machine. He and Mahlon Fisher in- vented the first log slide. His house was the place of hospitable entertainment for all stran- gers, there being no inn of any kind in this section at the time, and his kindness, cordiality and good feeling entitled him to the high re- gard in which he was universally held. He organized the first general store in Huston Township, hauling his goods from Tyrone, Pa. He was the first postmaster at Tyler and re- mained in office for many years and was suc- ceeded by his daughter, Miss Phebe Tyler, who held the office for thirteen years. He was a generous supporter of schools and churches and not only brought the first M. E. minister to this section but supported liim until tlie church membership provided a fund. In partnership DAVID TVIJOU AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 661 with Dr. Hills of Clearfield, he operated the stage coach, carrying the mails between Clear- field and Ridgway, in Elk County. He was one of the earliest members of the order of Odd Fellows in this section and until his death was active in that organization. His long, use- ful and every way worthy life closed in Novem- ber, 1882. On January 30, 1830, Mr. Tyler was mar- ried to Miss Isabella Mahaffey, who was born in Lycoming County, Pa. An interesting inci- dent in connection with this marriage was that the bride insisted that she be married in her native county, although the appropriate room, the parlor of the house, stood just across the line in Northumberland County. There was nothing left to do except to have the ceremony performed in the kitchen, which stood in Ly- coming county. She was a granddaughter of John Clendenen, who served as one of General Washington's bodyguards, during the Revo- lutionary War, and was a witness of the exe- cution of Major Andre, as a spy. She lived into extreme old age, passing away in 1902 at the age of ninety-two years. Ten children were born to David Tyler and his wife, namely: Mary; who resides at Lock Haven, Pa., is the widow of Robert C. Packer, a cousin of fonner Governor Asa T. Packer, of Pennsylvania ; John C. and Roxanna, both of whom are de- ceased ; Margaret, now deceased, who was the wife of William Schryver ; Martin V. and Mar- tha, twins, the former of whom lives in Huston Township, the latter dying young; James A. and Phebe, who, with Martin V., occupy the old homestead ; Emma, now deceased, who was the wife of Charles Coryell, also deceased; and David, who is also deceased. The children were all born at Trout Run, Lycoming County. They were reared in the Presbyterian church. DAVID T. DUNLAP, one of the repre- sentative citizens of Brady township and one of the substantial men of Clearfield county, re- sides on his well improved farm of seventy-five acres in Brady township and owns a second farm containing fifty-five acres, situated in Sandy township. He was born in a log house then standing on his home farm, in Brady township. May 30, 1843, and is a son of Alex- ander and Nancy (Hadden) Dunlap, and a grandson of William Dunlap. William Dunlap was born in Ireland. When he came to Clearfield county from the eastern coast, he drove his horse and wagon all the way, there being no railroads at that time, and settled in the midst of the woods in what is now Perm township. At that time Harris- burg, the capital, was the nearest trading place. William Dunlap was not only an in- dustrious man but he was exceedingly enter- prising. He built what was probably the first saw mill on Little Clearfield Creek, and after clearing up his first tract of land made addi- tions to it and became possessed of 400 acres. At the time of his saw-milling industry dressed lumber was not in such demand as were shingles, logs being available all through this section for building purposes, and his saw- mill output was mainly shingles which, at that time, were largely made by hand. He mar- ried Sarah Reed and they reared a family of ten children, all of whom grew up on the pio- neer farm. Alexander Dunlap was the second son in the above family and he was born September 4, 1807, after his parents had come to Clear- field county. He engaged in farming and also in shingle making. In 1840 he moved to the farm on which his son, David T., resides, and completed its clearing and resided here 662 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY until his death, wliich occurred in 1895. He married Xancy Hadden, wlio was born in Jef- ferson county, Pa., and died in 1897, an aged woman. To Alexander and Xancy Dunlap ten children were bom, as follows: William, who is deceased; Sarah, who is the wife of Isaac Zartman; Mary J., who is deceased; Archi- bald H. ; David Thomas; Isaac Ross, who is deceased ; James N. ; John R., who is de- ceased; Martha E., who is the widow of Da- vid Snyder; and an infant, deceased. David T. Dunlap has always lived on his own farm while engaged in agricultural pur- suits but spent many winters in the lumber camps and some fourteen years in milling, two of these in Maryland, where some DuBois cap- italists were interested, and the rest of the time at Brockwayville, Pa. He remained at home with his parents until they died. In 1868 he had bought the home farm from his father and for some years has given all his attention to its improvement and development. The land is all under cultivation with the ex- ception of twelve acres and there is a valuable six-foot vein of coal which has not been mined. The buildings on the place were put up by his father but he has remodeled them and added features which make them more attractive and comfortable. In 1870 Mr. Dunlap was married to Miss Sarah Pence, who was born on the old Pence farm in Brady township, and died in March, 1909. Ten children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Dunlap, as follows: Clarence, who lives (in the Sandy township farm, married Ella Hamian and they have seven children: Cora, who married Shemian Starr, of Jeffer- son county. Pa., and they have seven chil- dren; Jacob, who is deceased; Rose, who is the wife of William Pierson, and they have two children; Pearl, who is the wife of Jesse Barr, of Potter county. Pa. ; Thomas, who married Eva Askey, who was born in Sandy, and they live at Beech Creek, Pa., and have two chil- dren ; Lula, who married James Luther, who assists Mr. Dunlap on the fann, and they have three children — Helen, Russell and Jesse; Charles, who is a farmer in Sandy township, married Ruth Carlbaugh, and they have one child ; Plumb, who resides with his father ; and Finnan, who died young. In politics Mr. Dunlap is a Democrat and he is serving in his third term as a member of the school board. He belongs to the Grange and to the Owl Club at DuBois, and is identi- fied also with the Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias and the order of the Moose. THOMAS HUMPHREYS, whose valua- ble farm of 138 acres is situated in Pike township, two miles southwest of Curwens- ville, is one of the substantial and useful men of this part of the county. He was bom in Pike township, July 12, 1840, and is a son of Richard S. and Mary Ann (Wright) Hum- phreys. Richard S. Humphreys was born in Hunt- ingdon county, Pa., where he attended school in his early years and then learned the milling business, residing for some years after his marriage at Moose Creek. He then moved to Curwensville, where he operated a mill for one year, after which he ran a mill at Clearfield for a year. Mr. Humphreys then returned to the Curwensville mill and for several years alternated between his farm which adjoined the one now owned by his son, Thomas Hum- plireys, and Curwensville, finally settling per- manently on the farm and there his death oc- curred March 18, 1891, at the age of eighty- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 663 nine years, his birth having taken place on April 2, 1812. From the time of its organiza- tion he was a member of the Republican party. He married Mary Ann Wright, who was born in Huntingdon county, Pa., a daughter of John Wright, and died December 24, 1888. Her burial was at Oak Hill cemetery and three years later her husband was laid by her side. They were members of the Baptist church. Ten children were born to them, as follows : William, who died in infancy ; Lou- isa, who is the wife of Daniel Fost; Thomas; Mary Ellen, who died in infancy; Annie M., who lives on the old homestead ; Judson M., who resides at Reynoldsville, Pa.; John W., who lives on the old homestead ; Edward, who died when two years old; Emma, who lives with her sister and brother on the old home- stead ; and Ella, who is deceased. Thomas Humphreys obtained his education in the common schools and the academy at Curwensville, after which he assisted his father on the farm and also worked at lum- bering. When Civil war was precipitated he, with other loyal young men of his neighbor- hood, soon gave proof of their patriotism by offering their services to their country. He enlisted in Co. K, in the famous regiment known as the Bucktail Rifles, and continued in the army until his honorable discharge on December 29, 1862. Mr. Humphreys was a brave and efficient soldier but this did not pre- vent his suffering from many of the dangers of war. He participated in many skinnishes and in such terrible battles as the second Bull Run, South Mountain and Antietam. He was made a prisoner on one occasion, after having been in a swamp for four days with nothing to eat, and was sent to Belle Isle, where he fared little better but was finally exchanged. From the Bull Run battle he accompanied his regiment to Frederick City, Md., after which followed South Mountain and Antietam. In the latter battle he was wounded in the jaw and also in the neck but it may be noticed that he was never wounded in the back. After his discharge he returned to Pike township and here has been engaged in agricultural pur- suits ever since. With the exception of forty acres still in valuable timber, Mr. Humphreys has all his land under a fine state of cultivation. Mr. Humphreys was married first to Miss Mary Martha Wilkins, who was born in Jef- ferson county. Pa. Five children were born to this marriage, namely: Lida, w^ho lives in Montana; William R., who lives at Grampian, Pa.; John H., who died December 24, 1906; and Edward E. and Thomas Roy, both of whom reside at Chicago, 111. Mr. Hum- phreys was married second on May 28, 1879, to Mrs. Evanna (Haney) Hile, widow of Warren Hile, who was a son of Henry Hile. Mr. Hile died December 11, 1874, and was buried in the McClure cemetery. He was a member of the Baptist church. Two children survive him: Henry G., who is a rural mail carrier out of Curwensville; and Abby, who is the wife of John A. Dale. Mrs. Humphreys was born March 19, 1852, a daughter of Frederick and Margaret (Jordan) Haney. Mr. and Mrs. Humphreys have had two chil- dren: Margaret Irene and James M. The former was a highly educated young lady, a graduate of Bucknell University, and a popular and successful teacher. Her death occurred Jan- uary 16, 1909. and her burial was in the Oak Hill cemetery. James M. is a student in the Patton graded school and will graduate from that branch with the class of 191 1. Mr. and Mrs. Humphreys are members of the Meth- 6G4 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY odist Episcopal cliurch at Curwensville. In politics he is a Republican and once consented to serve as treasurer of Pike township. He is a stockholder in the Curwensville National Bank and is treasurer of the Oakland Tele- phone Company of Pike township and Cur- wensville. T. S. LUZIER,* who carries on general farming on a tract of thirteen acres, located about four and a half miles west of Bigler in Bradford township, also does considerable carpentering during the off seasons. He was born May 15, 1873, in Shawsville, Bradford township, Clearfield county, Pa., and is a son of Thomas and Jane (Hall) Luzier. Thomas Luzier was born and reared in Clearfield county. Pa., and has always resided here, en- gaged in agricultural pursuits. T. S. Luzier was reared and has resided all his life in Clearfield county. After his mar- riage on August 16, 1906, to Florence Knepp, who is a daughter of Isaac Knepp, he began housekeeping on his present farm, which he had purchased the June previous to his marriage. Mr. Luzier and his wife are both members of the Brethren church of Bradford township, and he has held the office of class leader, and also been superintendent of the Sabbath school. Mr. Luzier was judge of the election board and also inspector of the election board for a number of years, and is one of the progressive and public spirited citi- zens of Bradford township. JOHN A. JOHNSON, who is a general farmer and stock raiser, in Pike township, owns seventy-five acres of valuable land two and one-half miles southwest of Curwensville. He was born Febniary 24, 1869, in Green- wood townsliip, Clearfield county, Pa., and is a son of Elah and Hannah (Troy) Johnson. Elah Johnson was bom in Penn township, Clearfield county. He became a millwright and later owned saw mills in different parts of the county, and also a farm of 160 acres. He was a lifelong Democrat and served out one term as county commissioner in Clearfield county and a number of terms as school di- rector in Penn township. He was a member of the Society of Friends. His death occurred June 21, 1888, at the age of seventy-seven years, and his burial was at Grampian. He was twice married, first to Elizabeth Horn, a daughter of Samuel Horn. She was survived by one daughter, Hannah E. McClure. His second marriage was to Hannah Troy, who was born December 26, 1832, in Brady town- ship, Clearfield county, a daughter of Samuel and Katherine (Miles) Troy, and eleven chil- dren were born to this union, namely : Flor- ence; Elizabeth A., who is the wife of Wil- liam Hoover, of Bell's Landing, Pa. ; Manas- sah, who lives in Michigan, married Lillie Thompson; S. Miles, who lives in Bell town- ship, married Henrietta Passmore ; A. G., who is a resident of British Columbia, married Ida White, who is now deceased; Lewis K., who resides in Greenwood township, married Jen- nie Bartelbaugh; Ellis I., who moved to Brit- ish Columbia; Millard F. and Mary, both of w'hom are deceased ; John A. ; and Lydia Alice, who is now deceased. . John A. Johnson attended school in Green- wood township and afterward went to lum- bering and still later engaged in mining. After he married he lived first at Grampian and then came to his present farm in Pike township, which was known as the Richard Freeman farm, originally belonging to the grandfather AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 665 of Mrs. Johnson. At present there is no open coal bank on the place and all the land is un- der cultivation except about forty acres still in valuable timber. Mr. Johnson was married on July 2, 1891, to Miss Alice Freeman, who was bom in Pike township, Clearfield county, Pa., March i, 1876, a daughter of William and Ara Belle (Bloom) Freeman. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson have had three children: Hazel, who died at the age of nine years ; and Everett and Mil- dred, both of whom attend the Summit Ridge school where they are bright and attentive pu- pils. The family attends church at Grampian. Mr. Johnson is a member of the Sons of America and of the Order of the Moose, at Curwensville. He is an independent Demo- crat in his political views and while living in Penn township served on the election board and has been a school director for two years in Pike township. JOHN HEBERLING, whose valuable farm of 125 acres is situated in Sandy Town- ship, about three miles south of DuBois, Pa., is a prominent citizen of the township and has served in numerous public offices Xvith the greatest efficiency. He was born on his father's farm in Schuylkill county, Pa., November 2t,. 1843, and is a son of Abraham and Magdalena (Hand) Heber- ling, and a grandson of Jacob and Elizabeth Heberling. Jacob Heberling and family came from Schuylkill county to Clearfield county, in 1855, ^^^ after reaching here, he bought a large tract of land which is now a part of the First Ward of the borough of DuBois. Jacob Heberling sold his land to his son, David Heberling, who later sold it to the Rumbargers, all of these transactions tak- ing place before DuBois was laid out. Ja- cob Heberling then bought a farm near West Liberty, which was then in Brady but is now in Sandy township, and spent the rest of his life there, living to be more than eighty years of age. When he bought his farm the future prospects for the growth of West Liberty were better than for DuBois. The name of his wife was Elizabeth, and they had five children: David, Abraham, Henry, John and Eve, the last named being the wife of John Hand. All are now deceased. Abraham Heberling was married before the family left Schuylkill county, to Mag- dalena Hand, and seven children were born to them, namely: Joseph, of Brady town- ship; John; Augustus, of West Liberty; George W. and Jefferson T., twins, both residents of West Liberty; Catherine, wife of Henry Utzenger, of Sandy township; and Peter S., also of 'Sandy township. Abraham Heberling accompanied his father to Clearfield county and bought a ,farm near West Liberty now in Sandy township, and as he had fine water power, built a mill and engaged in the lumber industry. He operated the mill at first with water power but later installed machinery and it was one of the first steam mills in the township. His first purchase of land was not far from DuBois, the water power above alluded to being on that farm, and from there he moved to the place nearer West Liberty. His wife died at the age of sixty years but he lived to be eighty-four years of age. John Heberling was about twelve years old when the family came to Clearfield county and he has spent his life ever since 666 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in the same neighborhood. His school ad- vantages were rather meager and afterward he worked in his father's mill and helped clear up the farm and later was engaged as a sawyer by his brother, J. F. Heberling. In i860 he secured seventy-six acres of land from his father and bought a tract of forty- nine acres which adjoined. He partly cleared this second tract and erected build- ings which are now used by his son, G. E. Heberling, who lives there and operates the whole farm. When Mr. Heberling took possession there was an old log barn on the place, which he subsequently replaced by a bank barn with dimensions of 40 by 40 feet, and made many other improvements. Mr. Heberling married Miss Lemontine Kriner, a daughter of David Kriner, who was an old pioneer of Clearfield county, and they have two children : Maggie and George E. The latter married Venia Askey and they have four children: Lloyd E., Grace, Evelyn and Catherine. In politics Mr. Heberling is a Democrat and has served as overseer of the Poor, both by appointment and election, and for ten years was a school director, for three years supervisor and one year township treasurer. He is a member of the Knights of Pythias at Salem, Pa. JAMES B. SMITH, a retired farmer and highly respected citizen of Pike township, who resides on his well improved farm of seventy acres, situated one mile southwest of Curwensville, Pa., was born in Pike township, March 16, 1828, and is a son of John and Nancy (Jordan) Smith. John Smith was born in Germany and re- mained in his nativ'e land until young man- hood, when he came to America, landing at Philadelphia. From there he came to Clear- field county and settled on a tract of 1,000 acres. He cleared up about seventy-eight acres along the river. Later he came to the fami which is now owned by his son, James B. Smith, where, with the assistance of his children, he cleared forty acres, and he con- tinued to live on this farm until the close of his life, his death occurring at the age of eighty-two years. He was a man of sterl- ing character, honest and upright in all his dealings. In politics he was a Democrat and on several occasions was elected to township offices. He married Nancy Jor- dan, a daughter of Martin Jordan, and they had fifteen children born to them, all in Pike township: William, David, Sarah, John, Hannah, Susan, Katherine, James B., Mary Jane, Rachel, Nancy, Elizabeth, Emily, Lavina and Harvey. The mother of the above family died aged seventy-three years, and both she and husband were buried in the old McClure cemetery. They were members of the Presbyterian church. James B. Smith attended school in his boyhood at the Oakland school-house. His life has been devoted to agricultural pur- suits and he has remained on the home farm. Here he has, at various times, made many improvements, and all the buildings now standing were erected by him. For some years past he has lived retired from active farm work but he still enjoys overlooking the industries which he so successfully managed alone for so long a time. He has witnessed many changes in methods of farming and has seen the introduction of farm machinery that in his youth was not yet dreamed of. On October 15, 1861, Mr. Smith was AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 667 married to Miss Adaline Way, who was born at Curwensville, Pa., a daughter of Samuel and Hannah Way. Mrs. Smith died October 15, 1905. To Mr. and Mrs. Smitli eight children were born, namely: John L., who died when fifteen months old; Samuel, who married Ella Way, a daughter of David Way, resides on the home farm and they have eight children — Verna, Maude, William, Louella, Gussie, Ruth, Lester and Harry; William, who lives at Grampian, married Mrs. Lucy (Bloom) Johnston, widow of Elmer Johnston and daughter of James Bloom, has one daugh- ter. Bertha ; Frederick, who married Mary Davis for his first wife and Sarah McDor- ment for his second wife, resides in New York and has four children — Lizzie, How- ard, Lulu and Claire; James B., who mar- ried Cora Fritz, a daughter of Daniel Fritz, has had six children — Eva, Daniel, George, Irwin, Jay and Hazel ; Charles, who resides at Curwensville, married Alice Norris, a daughter of Clark Norris, and they have had four children — Firman, Raymond, Sarah and Max; Dock, who lives at Curwensville, married Cora Moore, a daughter of Samuel Moore, and they have three children — Samuel, Frances and Lenore; and Minnie, who married James Edmiston, who resides on and assists in operating the home farm, and they have three children — William, Dortha and Lodema. Mrs. Smith was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Mr. Smith has been a Republican since the formation of the party. He has served twice as road supervisor in Pike township. He is a member of Susquehannah Grange. HARRY CHARLES CONNER, mer- chant and assistant postmaster at Burnside, Clearfield county, Pa., was born at Mitchell Mill, Indiana county. Pa., July 7, 1863, and is a son of John C. and Emily V. (McClure) Conner. John C. Conner was born June 30, 1831, in Indiana county. Pa., and died at Burn- side, February 13, 1909. For three years after leaving school he was a clerk in a gen- eral store in Indiana county, and then moved to Mitchell Mill, where he carried on a general mercantile business for four years. In 1868 he came to Bumside, first as a clerk and later in business for himself, as a member of the firm of Kime & Conner, general merchants, buying his partner's in- terest two years afterward and continuing under the name of J. C. Conner in a general mer- cantile and lumber business. * In 1885 he ad- mitted his son, Harry Charles Conner, to partnership. He was interested also as a partner in the lumber firm of Hopkins, Ir- vin & Conner, and as his investments were heavy in lumbering, he lost almost the whole of his fortune during the time of the great flood at Johnstown. It was lost through the Consolidated Lumber Company on the Susquehannah River. He retired then from active life. During his earlier years he had been one of the successful as well as most enterprising business men of this section. He was a leader also in politics and served first as a justice of the peace in Indiana City and later in the same office at Burnside. At the time of his death he was a successful candidate on the Republican ticket for re- election to the office of auditor and many of his friends cast their votes for him on the very day of his decease. He was a member of the Baptist church. John C. Conner was married first to Emily Widowson, who was survived by 668 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY three children: Nettie, who is the wife of A. K. Long, of Burnside ; Jennie, who is the wife of Elwood Henderson, of Burnside ; and John B., who is postmaster at Bum- side. John C. Conner was married second to Eriiily V. McOure, a daughter of Stans- bury McClure. Her deatli occurred April 12, 1 89 1, at the age of forty-eight years. Three children were born to this marriage, namely: William M., Harry Charles, and Emma A., the last named being the wife of W. E. Patchin, of Burnside. Harry Charles Conner attended school at Burnside and as soon as old enough became a clerk for his father and subsequently his partner. After the Johnstown flood caused his father to retire, he then entered his brother's emplo'y and with him is interested in merchandising and serves also as assist- ant postmaster. While interested in the lumber business, before the flood alluded to, he operated the last raft of lumber that went down the river safely. He has been one of the active and progressive men of the borough and has served two terms as burgess. He served also three years as constable and for nine years as president of the school board and was register of statis- tics for township and borough. He is a stanch Republican and is chairman of the Vigilance Committee of the party for this district. Mr. Conner married Miss MoUie M. Ma- haffey, who was horn May 30, 1863, at New Washington, Pa., a daughter of Robert and Faith MahafTey, and they have had three children: Emily Gertrude, aged fourteen years; Helen, aged ten years; and a babe that died. Mr. and Mrs. Conner arc mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is a trustee. He belongs to Lodge No. 679, Odd I'eliows, at Burnside, and to Lodge No. 540, Elks, at Clearfield. Mr. Conner is one of the representative men of this section, and bears a name that has been held in high esteem for many years here. JOSEPH L. DALE, a prominent citizen and progressive agriculturist of Pike town- ship, who resides on his valuable farm of 104 acres, situated two miles southwest of Curwensville, belongs to one of the old county families and was born on this farm on May 8, 1840. He is a son of John P. and Martha (Henry) (Bell) Dale. John P. Dale was born in 1799, near Wil- liamsport, Lycoming county. Pa., and died in Clearfield county in October, 1883. He had but few educational privileges in youth, having to walk a distance of three miles through the winter snows, to reach the schoolhouse, but he learned to read, spell and calculate and became a fine penman. When he came first to Clearfield county the present thriving borough of Clearfield was represented by one old cabin on the old Read farm. Mr. Dale was accompanied by his mother who built a large stone house on the State road and frequently traded bread she baked to Indians who brought her meat. When he was only ten years old he carried the mail between Bellefonte and Franklin, making the dangerous trip on horseback, and dangerous indeed it was as on one occasion he encountered twenty-one hungry wolves. Frequently he stopped at the Indian camps, in the winter time, and warmed himself by their fires. He treated them all justly and they were kind and friendly to him and his family, and in after AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 669 years lie often told of the real nobility of character the supposed savages showed when they were dealt with justly. John P. Dale was thrice married and after his first union he came to the farm now owned by his son, Joseph L. After the death of his wife he moved to Bridgeport and lived in a small house on a hillside above the place and while there operated a sawmill. From there he moved to Cur- wensville, where he entered into partner- ship with a Mr. McPherson in the tanning business and while living there his second wife died. He was married a third time at Curwensville, and afterward moved to a farm of lOO acres, three miles west of Cur- wensville, which is now owned by John Woods, afterward purchasing the present farm. He was living at Curwensville dur- ing the Civil War. For fifty years he was a consistent member of the Methodist Epis- copal church. A lifelong Democrat he was prominent in township politics and served acceptably in township offices. He was a man of whom nothing but good can be re- called, a typical pioneer, and his memory reflects honor on his descendants and on the section in which his industrious and use- ful life was spent. . Although thrice mar- ried he did not leave very many children. His first wife was Margaret McClure, who died with their infant child. His second marriage was to a Miss McCracken, and five children were born, only one of whom, the eldest, William Dale, survives. His third union was with Mrs. Martha (Henry) Bell, widow of William Bell and daughter of James Henry, of Center county, where she was born. Four children were born to John P. and Martha Dale : James, Jennie C, Joseph L. and Martha. Of these, Jennie C. is now deceased. The mother of this family died in 1881 and both she and the father rest in the old McClure cemetery, which is situated near the Dale farm. Joseph L. Dale attended school at Locust Ridge schoolhouse, two miles from Cur- wensville. It was a subscription school, the free school system not yet having been in- troduced. He learned to read in the New Testament, no regular reading books hav- ing yet found their way into Pike township. Some years later he attended school for one year in New York State. When the Civil War broke out, Mr. Dale was an enthusias- tic supporter of the Union and gave proof of his loyalty by enlisting for service in the army, entering Co. B, 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., the famous Bucktail regiment, and re- mained until the close of the war. During this time he was exposed to all the dangers which war brings in its train and he was ever at the post of duty, but he fortunately escaped both wounds and capture. After he returned home he bought the farm from his father and has continued to reside here until the present. The pleasant title of Glendale Farm has been given the place and it is known all over this section for its pro- ductiveness both as to grain and excellent stock. Mr. Dale has sixty acres under cul- tivation. In 1865 Mr. Dale was first married, the lady being Miss Christiana Esau, who was born in Germany. She died in March, 1895, the mother of ten children, namely: John A., who lives in Curwensville; William L., who married Anna Hagerty; Idella, who died young; Harry and Mary, both of whom are deceased; Frank, who resides at Al- 670 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY toona, married Alice Hagerty and they have four children — Malcolm, Joseph, William and Martha; Walter, who is in business at Altoona, married Mabel Doughman, and they have four children — Lorna, Dortha, Elizabeth and Frederick; Paul, who resides at Curwensville; Annie, who is the wife of John Hudson, of Curwensville, and they have two children — John and Margie. Mr. Dale was married second on April 25, 1896, to Mrs. Clarissa (Cole) Hoover, widow of Allen Hoover and a daughter of Jacob and Sarah (Welch) Cole. Mrs. Dale was born at Center, Pa., April 22, 1845. She, with her husband, is interested actively in the work of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which both are members. Mr. Dale is identified with Susquehannah Grange, at Curwens- ville, an organization that claims the ma- jority of the enterprising and successful farmers of this section as members. In politics Mr. Dale has always been a Demo- crat and on the Democratic ticket has fre- quently been elected to township offices and has served as constable, school director, tax collector and overseer of the Poor. He is one of the leading members of Kratzer Post, G. A. R., at Curwensville, and for many years has been a member of the local lodge of Odd Fellows. Q. E. BEAUSEIGNEUR,* postmaster at Lecontes Mills, in Girard township, where he is engaged in the lumber business, is also engaged in farming and operates a general store, and has spent his whole life in this township and is one of its foremost men. His parents, Peter and Elizabeth Beauseigneur, were both born in France, and the latter died in Girard township in 1908. The father was three years old when his father brought him to Clearfield county, settling on 600 acres of land, this being one of the rich old colonizing families of this section that originated in France. Q. E. Beauseigneur was reared and edu- cated in Girard township. He located on his present farm, which lies thirteen miles northeast of Clearfield, shortly after his marriage. He is a man of unusual enter- prise and successfully manages numerous interests. He was appointed postmaster at Lecontes Mills in 1890, under the adminis- tration of President McKinley, and has been retained in office ever since. In his general store he carries a well selected stock of goods, mainly groceries, and supplies a large surrounding territory. In 1904 he was married to Miss A. Daugherty, of Clear- field, and they have one daughter, Rebecca. Mr. and Mrs. Beauseigneur are members of the Roman Catholic church at Frenchville. GEORGE C. PASSMORE, a successful farmer and representative citizen of Penn township, where he owns 305 acres of ex- cellent land, which lies two and one-fourth miles southeast of Grampian, Pa., was born in the Bailey settlement, in Pike township, Clearfield county, August 11, 1830, and is a son of Ganer and Mary Elizabeth (Mc- Cracken) Passmore. Ganer Passmore was born on the same farm in Pike township which was the birth- place of his son, his father, Abraham Pass- more, having been a pioneer settler there. Ganer Passmore married Mary Elizabeth McCracken and they continued to live on the old Passmore homestead. They were members of the Methodist Episcopal AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 671 church. They had five children, namely : Joseph and Hiram, both of whom are de- ceased; Eli; Henrietta, who lives near Ma- dera, Pa. ; and George C, of Penn town- ship. George C. Passmore attended school in his youth in Penn, Pike and Ferguson townships, and went to work at lumbering for some years trying his strength in mak- ing lumber and his skill in rafting it down the river. For a short time following his marriage he lived in Bell township and then settled on his present farm in Penn town- ship, where he carries on farming and stock raising. In 1850 Mr. Passmore was married to Miss Elizabeth Rice, who was born in Ly- coming county. Pa., July 28, 1834, a daugh- ter of William and Nancy Rice. She lost her parents in infancy. To Mr. and Mrs. Passmore five children have been born, namely: William; Allen, who is deceased; Viola, who is the wife of George Bowman, of DuBois, and they have two children — W^illiam and Lizzie ; George McClelland, who married Matilda Happer, a daughter of Simon Happer, and they have four chil- dren — Sherman, Berna, Olive and Helen; and Irwin, who married Maude Sankey, lives in California and they have two chil- dren. In politics Mr. Passmore is a Democrat and being a man of high standing in his neighborhood, has frequently been elected to local offices and has served acceptably as school director, treasurer, assessor and road supervisor. JONATHAN SHAFER, who has lived in Clearfield county since 1848, and owns an excellent farm of forty-nine acres, in Brady township, was born November 22, 1837, in Lebanon county. Pa., and is a son of Jacob and Elizabeth (Heinzerling) Shafer. Jacob Shafer was born in Dauphin county, Pa. His ancestors took part in the Revolu- tionary War. He came to Lebanon county as a young man and married a lady who was born in Philadelphia. In 1838 they moved to Center county and in 1848 to Clearfield county, making the journey in wagons as at that time there were no rail- roads through this section. Mr. Shafer lo- cated four miles south of Luthersburg and the first twig ever cut on the land was by Jonathan Shafer, when a boy of eleven years. Jacob Shafer cleared this farm with the assistance of his sons and later sold the place to his son Jonathan and moved back to Center county, where he died at the age of seventy-five years. His widow survived him, her death taking place at the age of eighty-four years, at the home of her son, Jonathan. Eight children were born to Jacob Shafer and his wife, namely: Susan, who is deceased, was the wife of D. S. Mc- Cracken, also deceased; Solomon, who is deceased; Jacob, who is deceased; Lydia, who is the widow of Hiram Passmore; Joseph ; Jonathan ; John H. ; Samuel ; and Rebecca, who is the wife of William Snyder. Jonathan Shafer had but meager school opportunities in his youth, the log school- house being distant from his home. When he was twenty-one years old he learned the carpenter trade, with William Fitzpatrick in Illinois, with whom he remained for two and one-half years and later worked for a number of years as carpenter and contrac- 672 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY tor at DuBois, following the fire at that place. After buying his father's farm he kept it for five years and then sold and moved to Salem, where he purchased a house and an acre of land and lived there for five years. In 1870 he bought the Johnson farm of 103 acres, near Luthers- burg, and put up new buildings and lived there until he bought his present farm in 1897, selling the former one. Mr. Shafer has always been considered a good and worthy citizen, having ever shown public spirit and commendable interest in all that pertains to his section. He has served as school director for the past fifteen years and has held other township offices. Mr. Shafer was married August 18, 1864, to Miss Mary E. Horn, who was born in Brady township, a daughter of Daniel and Xancy (Michaels) Horn, natives of Chest township. They have had eleven children, all of whom survive, a large and united family. Elora Jane is the wife of G. B. Wachob. Alva Anson married Inez Bris- bain. Reuben C. married Zoe Clover. Mag- gie R. married Dr. Marsh Hay. George W. married Ida Swope. Ada C. married Joseph P. Nollen. Harvey Q. married Mell Clover. David L. married Alta Lines. Emma May married Charles Moose. Jonathan E. mar- ried Iva Pence. Lena M. married Levi Draucker. Mr. Shafer and family are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. He is a member of the Grange and for ten years has belonged to the order of Amer- ican Mechanics. In his views on public questions he is independent but casts his vote with the Prohibitionists. JOSEPH WILLIAM ROESSNER, pro- prietor of the Clearfield Brewing Company, brewers and bottlers of beer and porter, and manufacturers of hygienic ice, is also the owner of a fine farm of 120 acres in Lawrence town- ship, and has been a resident of Clearfield Coun- ty, Pa., since 1896. He was born October 22, 1857, in Germany and is a son of Frank and Philomena (Gutberled) Roessner, both of whom were born and died in Germany. Frank and Philomena Roessner were the parents of nineteen children, six of whom were twins, and but four of whom came to America: Joseph William, our subject was the youngest of the nineteen ; Charles ; Herman, and Maria, who is the wife of Joseph Och of Pittsburg. The three boys all live in Clearfield County, Pa. Joseph William Roessner grew to maturity in Germany, and was educated in the Catholic schools of that countr\'. He became a dyer by trade and also engaged in agricultural pursuits until 1882. when he emigrated to America. He first located in Red Wing, Minn., where he worked one year on a farm, then came to Pittsburg, Pa., and worked fourteen years for the Adams Express Company, where he worked his way up to assistant agent. In 1896, Mr. Roessner resigned his position with the E.xpress Company, and came to Clearfield, Pa., where he and his brother Charles rented a brewery from Mrs. Ries. They subsequently bought the plant, which at that time was a small one with an output of ten barrels per day, and in 1903 our subject bought his brother's interest in the business, and has since then added a new stock house, cellars, and bottling house. He also built an ice plant with a capacity of twenty ton per day, and his son Edward J. Roessner is chief engineer of the plant. In addition to his brewery Mr. Roessner is the owner of a fine farm of 120 acres in Lawrence township, and is a stockholder in the Second National Bank of Clearfield. Mr. Roessner Is fraternally a JOSEPH W. nOKSSNKU AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 675 member of the B. P. O. E. ; F. O. E. ; Moose; Red Men; and C. M. P. A. On April 24, 1883, Mr. Roessner married Theressa Krug, who crossed to this country on the same boat on which our subject came, and of their union have been born nine children: Edward Joseph, married Mary Farrell, and has one son, Edward J., Jr; Theressa (Mrs. Got- fred P. Johnson) has two children. Earl and Joseph; Frank, is a student at the Carnegie School of Technology; Anna; Catherine; Jo- seph W. ; Leo George; and two who died young. The religious connection of the family is with the Catholic Church. CHARLES C. ADDLEMAN, who car- ries on general farming in Pike township, where he has 125 acres, 100 of which is un- der cultivation, belongs to one of the old county families, his grandfather, William Addleman, coming to Clearfield in 1849. He was born on what is known as the Ir- win farm, near Curwensville, Clearfield county, January i, 1872, and is a son of G. Lloyd and Annie (Cleaver) Addleman, who are residents of Curwensville, where they have lived since the fall of 1902. Charles C. Addleman obtained his edu- cation at the Oakland school in Pike town- ship, and in the Curwensville public schools, and then began to assist his father on the home farm, to which his parents had moved in his infancy. Since his father retired he has had entire charge. About twenty-five acres of the place is still in valuable timber, and four acres are devoted to gardening, Curwensville offering a ready market for all over production on the farm. Mr. Ad- dleman has no coal bank open, but in all probability a workable vein might be found as much property in this section has been underlaid with this valuable deposit. Mr. Addleman was married May 3, 1893, to Miss Alverta Norris, who was born at Clearfield, Pa., June 8, 1875, and is a daugh- ter of Clark and Sarah (Wall) Norris, of Clearfield. Mr. and Mrs. Addleman have two sons, George L. and Charles Wayne, both of whom are bright students in the public schools of Pike township. In poli- tics Mr. Addleman is a Republican and he has frequently served in township offices, formerly as a school director for three years, also as road master and as super- visor, and has been chosen with other re- sponsible citizens to serve on the election board. Both he and his wife are active members of the Union church. He is iden- tified with the Odd Fellows lodge at Cur- wensville. JAMES B. STAUFFER, who is prosper- ously engaged in the lumber business at Burn- side, this county, was born in this place, No- vember 26, 1869, a son of John and Anna (Smith) Stauffer. His paternal grandfather was John H. Staufifer, who was bom at Lan- caster, Pa., and subsequently removed to York county, whence he came in 1849 to Clear- field, settling near Burnside. He was a broom maker by trade but also followed fanning. He died in Franklin county. Pa., in 1876, at the age of 65 years. His wife, whose maiden name was Susan Troyer, was born in Adams county in 1801 ; she died in 1892. Of their children there are now living, John, the father of our subject; Susan, who married Andrew Anderson, is now deceased. John Stauffer, who was engaged in farming or farm work up to the age of 18, enlisted in 676 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY 1864 from Harrisburg-, Pa., in an independent company, but later became a member of the First W. Va. Cavalry and his regiment forming a part of the Army of the Western Potomac, he took part during the 120 days of his ser- vice in a number of skinnishes. Mustered out March 30th of that year, he took up his resi- dence at Lewisberry, Pa., where he engaged in agriculture, but a year later came to Bumside township, Clearfield county, where he followed teaming and lumbering until 1908. For twelve years he was engaged in conveying merchan- dise by team from Indiana, Pa. to Burnside, and later from Curwensville for ten years. He then retired from active industrial life. He is a Republican and is now serving his second tenn as assessor of the borough of Burnside, having also served on the school board and as super- visor. He was married July 29, 1867, to Anna Smith, who was born March, 1849, in Burnside township. Her father, David F. Smith, came from Ireland as a boy with his parents, William and Nellie (Dean) Smith, they settling in Clearfield county. Of the four- teen children of John and Anna (Smith) Stauffer, five are now deceased and nine living. The latter are: James B., whose name appears at the iiead of this sketch; Gertrude, who is the widow of John Tawzer and resides with our subject; Abram T., who married Emma Bloom and resides in Cambria county (has two children) ; Beulah, wife of A. Null and the mother of four children; Horace, who re- sides at Heilwood, Pa., is married and has three children ; Elizabeth, the wife of A. Armstrong, of Jefferson county, who has one child ; Mack, who married Effie Strickland and has one child; Paul, who married Rebecca Adams and resides in Clearfield, Pa. ; Willie, residing at home (and one grandson, Robert). James B. Stauffer after his school days were over found employment in the woods, cutting timber. He also for several years followed the trade of shoemaking and was otherwise variously employed. He remained at home until twenty-six years old, when he married and located in Burnside, following teaming here for several years, subsequent to which he was in the employ of John H. Patchin for about twelve years. About this time he formed a partnership with Carl Patchin in the lumber business, which has since continued. Mr. Stauffer was bookkeeper and general manager for John H. Patchin and has a thorough knowledge of the lumber business both in the inside and outside departments. He has been successful in his present connection and is now one of the substantial and prosperous citizens of his township. When a boy of sixteen he carried the mail between Burnside and Cur- wensville and the iiabits of industry he thus acquired so early have remained with him and have had much to do with his advancement in life. He is a member of the I. O. O. F. lodge, No. 679, at Buniside, and of the Red Men's lodge at Glen Campbell, Pa. He also belongs to the Encampment, I. O. O. F. A Repub- lican politically, he is at present serving on the school board of the borough and has also served two temis in the council. Mr. Stauffer was married June 7, 1895, to Minnie Thompson, who was born in Burnside township, this county, February 19, 1875, daughter of Alexander and Hannah (Fulton) Thompson. Her father, who died in 1902 at the age of sixty-one years, w-as a lumbennan and farmer of Bumside township. Her grandfather, Ebenezer Thompson, who was a shoemaker, was one of the early settlers at Patchinville. He married Julia Crispen. Mrs. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 677 Stauffer's parents were married in 1862, her mother being then twenty years of age. The latter was the daughter of Simon Fulton and a granddaughter of David H. Fuhon, of Frankstown, Blair county, Pa. The latter after learning the tailor's trade in Philadelphia, set- tled in Burnside borough and later near the Squire Smith home in Clearfield county where he followed his trade and also devoted a part of his time to agriculture. He married Eliza- beth Rorabaugh. Simon Fulton was bom in Center county and afterwards followed farm- ing on the parental homestead in Clearfield county. He married Elizabeth Young, daugh- ter of Henry and Hannah (Saylor) Young, and she died in 1854. Mrs. Stauffer was the sixth bom in a family of thirteen children. She died February 7. 191 1, deeply regretted by her family and a wide circle of friends and acquaintances. She was an active member of and worker in the Pentecostal church and an earnest Christian woman. Kind and generous of disposition, she was a helpful neighbor and it will be long ere her memory shall pass away. To our subject and wife were born the follow- ing children: Ruth Alice, born July 11, 1896, who is now attending the Burnside high school; Lura Imagene, born April 16, 1898; John A., born December 31, 1899: and George F., born April 13, 1903. JOHN R. McCLURE, one of Pike town- ship's most respected citizens, who is a farmer and stock raiser and owns 140 acres of excel- lent land, situated .three miles southwest of Curwensville, Pa., was born in Pike township, Clearfield county. Pa.. August 21, 1841, and is a son of Wilson and a grandson of Thomas McClure. Wilson McClure was born in Pike town- ship after his parents had come from Lancas- ter county and settled in this section. At that time there were no public schools and the chil- dren obtained their educational training, such as it was, in the subscription schools. Wilson McClure remained on the home fann and at one time owned 256 acres of land in Pike township, of which, with the help of his sons, he cleared eighty acres. He married Mary Caldwell, a daughter of Matthew Caldwell of Pike township and they had the following children: Margaret, who became the wife of Daniel Star, of Curwensville; Porter, who married Maria Tate, lives at Curwensville; Mary Jane, who is the widow of John L. Rex ; Samuel T., who was killed on the first day of the battle of Gettysburg, in the Civil war, be- ing a member of Co. B, 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., the famous Bucktail regiment; Marian, who resides in Pike township; John R. ; Sarah El- len, who is the wife of Foster Williams, of Iowa; Winfield S., who died in Oklahoma, un- married; and an infant son, deceased. The old homestead is owned jointly by John R. and Marian McClure. The parents died here, the father on December i, 1851, and the mother on March 18, 1898, and they were buried in the old McClure cemetery. They were mem- bers of the Presbyterian church. In politics, Wilson McClure was a Whig:. John R. McClure and his brothers and sis- ters obtained their early education at the old Oakland school-house, since when Mr. Mc- Clure has been engaged in agricultural pur- suits and has also followed lumbering. He has always lived on this farm with the excep- tion of a short time spent in Penn township, and has erected all the substantial farm build- ings now standing on the place. All his land is well cultivated except seventy-five acres still 67b HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in woodland and pasturage, Mr. McClure hav- ing some fine Guernsey cattle of high grade. Mr. McClure was married Jime lo, 1875, to Miss Hannah E. Johnson, who was born in Union township, Clearfield county, Pa., Octo- ber 5, 1845, a daughter of Elah and Elizabeth (Horn) Johnson. Elah Johnson was born in Penn township, a son of Samuel Johnson, one of the early pioneers of Clearfield county. Elah Johnson was a millwright by trade and later became a fanner and owned 160 acres of land in Greenwood township that is now the prop- erty of Lewis Johnson. He was a prominent Democrat and at one time was a county com- missioner in Clearfield county. His death oc- curred in Greenwood township, June 21, 1888, and his burial was in the Friends' cemetery, at Grampian, of which church he was a member. He was married first to Elizabeth Horn, who was born in Chester county, Pa., and died in December, 1848, and was buried at Grampian. She was a member of the Society of Friends. Of the four children born to that marriage, Mrs. McClure is the only survivor. Her father was married second to Hannah Troy, who was born in Brady township, a daughter of Sam- uel and Katherine Troy, and eight of the eleven children born to the second marriage are still living. Mr. and Mrs. McQure have eight children, as follows: Melissa Belle, who married Dr. Woodside, of Lumber City, and they have two sons, Wendell and Hobart Keith; Samuel T., who resides at Grampian, married Eulala Fink, a daughter of Elmer Fink, of Clearfield county; Elah Wilson, who married Mary Mur- phy, resides at Lumber City and they have four children — Richard, Paul, Winfield and John; Clair, who resides at home; Cora Alice, who is the wife of Roy Caldwell, of Gram- pian, and they had one child — Merl Blair, who is now deceased ; H. C, who resides at Wood- land, Pa., married Clella Iddings; Thomas Rex, who lives near Blue Ball, on Morgan Run, married Mabel Kline; and Grace, who resides at home. Mr. McClure and family at- tend the Friends' church. He is identified with Susquehanna Grange and enjoys meeting other farmers and discussing questions of in- terest to agriculturists. Although a stanch Democrat and at all times intelligently inter- ested in township affairs, he has never con- sented to accept any public ofiice ■ PERRY W. DRAUCKER, whose valua- ble farm of 100 acres is situated in Brady township, about two and one-half miles east of Luthersburg, owns also a one-half interest in 250 acres of timber land, lying in Union township. He was born on his Brady town- ship farm, April 5, 1849, and is a son of Isaac and Mary (Bloom) Draucker, the youngest son and the next youngest child born in a fam- ily of fifteen children. Perry W. Draucker spent his boyhood on the home farm and assisted his father to clear it. In early manhood he learned the harness making trade, working for two years under Levi Flegal, at Luthersburg, and later worked at this trade in Clarion county. After his mar- riage he bought the home farm and also the hotel which had been established by his father on the stage route and had been operated by his mother after the death of the father. Mr. Draucker conducted the hotel, under license, until 1894 when he moved to DuBois, where he took charge of the old DuBois House, on the east side of the borough, and continued there for three years, moving then to Clear- field, where he operated what was then known AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 679 as the Manton House but has been conducted as the Hotel Dimehng, for six years. When he gave up that hostelry he took charge of the Windsor Hotel, at Clearfield, and remained in the hotel business three years more and then returned to the farm. This is valuable land both as to productiveness in the way of agri- culture and also on account of a vein of coal underlying. In 1884 Mr. Draucker sustained the loss of his building from fire, but he at once rebuilt and his handsome residence is one of the finest in the township, containing four- teen rooms, heated by a modern furnace and equipped with a cold and hot water system. On August II, 1870, Mr. Draucker was married to Miss Margaret Clark, a daughter of William and Jane (Rafferty) Clark. The father and mother of Mrs. Draucker were both born in Ireland and he was twenty and she fifteen years of age when they came to Amer- ica. They lived at Grampian, Pa., for many years, where the father died in 1857 aged forty-nine years and the mother in 1893, aged seventy-seven years. Margar"- Clark was the second born in her parents' family, the others being: James B., John, Edward, William, Joseph, Sarah Jane, Mary A. and Thomas Augustus. John and Edward are deceased. Sarah Jane is the wife of George Erick and Mary A. is the wife of Harry Yost. Mr. and Mrs. Draucker have had four chil- dren : Maude, Mary, Blanche and Frank. Maude married Austin Kirk, who is deceased and is survived by five children: Vivian, Draucker and Blanche, twins, Joseph and Margaret B. Mrs. Kirk lives at DuBois. Mary, who is now deceased, married Joseph Smiley, also de- ceased, and they are survived by two children, Helen Dorothy and Lois, both of whom live with their grandparents. Blanche lives at home, and Frank is in a railroad office at Du- Bois. In politics Mr. Draucker is a Demo- crat. He is a member of a number of the leading fraternal organizations, including: the Odd Fellows, at DuBois; the Elks at DuBois; the Knights of Pythias at New Salem, and the Red Men at Clearfield. He is one of the well known representative and substantial men of Brady township. ZACHARIAH M. BLOOM, who resides on the farm of seventy-five acres, situated in Pike township, on which he was born, March 16, 1843, is one of the well known and repre- sentative men of this section and a member of one of the oldest and most substantial fam- ilies. He is a son of William Bloom and a grandson of Peter Bloom, both of whom were born in Pike township. Peter Bloom was born on a farm two miles south of Curwensville, Pa., and there he car- ried on farming, and weaving in later years. He married Mary King and they had eight children born to them to whom they gave the following names : John, William, Rebecca, Martha, Margaret, Matilda, Archer and Jos- eph. William Bloom, the second born of the above family and the father of Zachariah M. Bloom, was born September 18, 181 1. He learned the carpenter trade, which he followed until his marriage, when he settled on the farm now owned by his son, Zachariah M., which then included but twenty-five acres, only six acres having yet been cleared. He erected a log house with dimensions of 16 x 16 feet, back of the present residence, and devoted his time to farming and lumbering. He was a quiet, industrious man and enjoyed the kind friendship of his neighbors, with whom he 680 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY willingly combined to advance the general in- terests of the neighborhood. For many years he was a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. His death occurred March i6, 1865, and his burial was in Center church cemetery, Lawrence township, Clearfield county. He married Susanna Passmore, who died Sep- tember 27, 1878, a daughter of Abraham Passmore. of Pike township. A large family was born to this marriage, the eldest and the youngest five dying in infancy. The others were: Mary Ann, David, Zachariah M., Nancy, John R., Hannah and Bishop. Mary Ann, who died in Pike township, was married first to Thomas J. Dunlap and they moved into Goshen and later into Lawrence township. Four children were born to the first marriage : Frank, Alfred, Elvira and Lumsdon. Mary Ann was married second to Andrew N. Marks and they had five children : Ada, Lillie, Delia, Ella and Jemima. David Bloom was a mar- tyr of the Civil war. He was a member of Co. B, 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., under the command of Col. John Irwin. He was captured by the enemy at the battle of the Wilderness and was incarcerated in Danville prison. He was res- cued by the Union army but died at Wilming- ton, N. C, April 4, 1865. Nancy and Han- nah, of the above family, are both deceased. John R. Bloom lives in Pike township, while Bishop Bloom resides at Curwensville. Zachariah M. Bloom attended the Welsh school when he was a boy but after he was six- teen years of age he worked on the farm dur- ing the summers and at lumbering in the win- ters. He was married in 1870 and then set- tled on a farm in Pike township, near the one he now occupies, moving then to Lawrence township, where he lived for two years, when he returned to the log house on his former farm and resided there until November, 1881, when he came to the homestead. He has added land and has erected a new barn and built an addition to the house. His land is all cleared with the exception of six acres in valuable tim- ber. During tlie closing year of the Civil war he enlisted in Co. D, 76th Pa. Vol. Inf., and served until the end, some five months. He escaped the misfortunes of his older brother and came home practically unharmed. For- merly he belonged to the G. A. R. post at Clearfield. Politically he is a Democrat and has frequently been tendered public offices and has served one term on the school board and two terms as road supervisor. Mr. Bloom was married April 3, 1870, to Miss Charlotte Marshall, a daughter of Henry and Mary Ann Marshall. Mrs. Bloom was born in Germany, May 19, 1845. To Mr. and Mrs. Bloom, twelve children have been born, namely: Mary, who is the wife of Archer Dunlap, of Blair county; Orrie, who married W. S. Carr, and they have nine children — Winfield. William. Blair, Melvin, Phillip, Eliz- abeth, Edith, John and Edna; Elva, who mar- ried E. R. Peters, of Woodland, Pa., and they have nine children — Hayes, Lucien, Charlotte, Emma, Carl, Rex, Archie, Theodore and Roy; Emma who is the widow of John H. Lewis, resides at Altoona and has three children — Helen, Nora and James; Nellie, who married James Wingert, of Pike township; Charles, who is deceased ; Jennie, who married David Hull, and they have six children — Robert, Mabel, Martha, Helen, Trudy and Bruce; Edith, who is the wife of Ernest A. Horn, of Pike township; Charlotte, who lives with her parents; Pansy, who is a stenographer with a Pittsburg business house ; Thomas J., who is a member of Troop C, First U. S. Cav., now AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 681 stationed at Calexico, Calif.; and David Lu- cian, who resides on the homestead, married Elizabetli Bunchko. Mr. and Mrs. Bloom are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The hospitality of their home is known all over Pike township. JOHN A. GRAHAM,* a prominent citizen of Girard township, who owns a valuable farm of 170 acres and also operates a general store, being located fourteen miles east of Clearfield, was born in Girard township, in 1875, ^nd is a son of Parley and Jane (Liv- ingston) Graham. Parley Graham was also born in Girard township, where he spent his life and for a number of years served in the ofifice of township supervisor. John A. Graham was educated in the public schools of Girard township and his business interests have always been centered here. He carries on general farming and stockraising, his land being well adapted to both industries. He keeps a well assorted stock of seasonable goods and his patronage comes from quite a wide surrounding territory. Mr. Graham married Miss Gertrude Fara- baugh, who was born, reared and educated in Cambria county. Pa., where her parents yet reside. Three children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Graham: John P., Sarah J. and Bertha Irene. Mr. Graham is an Odd Fellow and is identified with Clearfield Lodge, No. 1027, of which he is secretary. He is a wide awake business man and a public spirited cit- izen. FRED J. DYER, proprietor of the Fred J- Dyer & Co. store, the largest general mercan- tile establishment in Central Pennsylvania, to- gether with the Fred J. Dyer & Co. mill, is one of the most enterprising and successful business men of Clearfield county and has been a resident of Curwensville for the past thirty- eight years. He is a native of New England, born at Portland, Me., July 2, 1858, and is a son of W. N. and Caroline (Lovett) Dyer. W. N. Dyer was also a native of Portland, where he was reared and educated. He came to Pennsylvania and settled in Blair county in 1861. He was a cooper by trade and had plenty of employment as coopering was a very important industry at that time and all sugar and molasses hogsheads as well as all barrels, were made by hand. This business he carried on in Hollidaysburg and in 1876 he moved from there to Clearfield county and when the railroad was extended to Curwensville, he came here. He was a shrewd and successful business man and owned cooper shops at one time in Cambria, Blair, Center and Clearfield counties, giving employment to many men. He was also a man of excellent judgment and of sterling character and served Curwensville in the office of burgess for two years. He was married in Maine to Caroline Lovett and two children were born to them in that state : Au- gusta and Fred J. Two others were subse- quently born in Blair county : Lewis C. and Carrie G. W. N. Dyer died at Curwensville in June, 1904, his wife surviving until July, 1910. Their burial was at Portland, Me. They were members of the Presbyterian church. Fred J. Dyer was three years old when he was brought to Clearfield county. His parents realizing, however, that their children could have much better educational advantages in New England than in Clearfield county at that time, sent Mr. Dyer and his older sister to the home of their grandparents at Portland, and there both remained until they had secured a 682 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY good education. When Fred J. Dyer re- turned to Clearfield county he became a clerk in a store his father was operating in connec- tion with his coopering business, at Lumber City. In 1872 he came to Curwensville where, with John B. Alley & Co., he learned the tan- ning business. In 1882 he .embarked in the general mercantile business on the comer of Filbert and Meadow streets, this location at the time being considered a more or less unde- sirable one for his undertaking, by his business friends. However, the result has shown that Mr. Dyer had better foresight than his would be advisers for now his business house stands in the very center of the town. Later he be- came general manager and superintendent of the above tanning firm but in 1892 retired as an active official, his individual business inter- ests having so developed that his time is fully taken up with them. In addition to his large store at Curwensville, Mr. Dyer conducted branch stores at Curry Run and at Grampian until 1894. In 1900, in partnership with his brother, Lewis Dyer, and E. Elms, he organ- ized the Hambleton Leather Company, with tannery in West Virginia, but the buildings were burned in March, 1910. Mr. Dyer was also the builder of his up-to-date mill, which draws custom from a distance of fifteen miles, and in both store and mill customers are as- sured of courteous treatment, honest service and immediate attention. Mr. Dyer was the main organizer of the Electric Light Com- pany, at Curwensville, was a charter director and formerly vice-president of the Curwens- ville National Bank, and has been concerned in the founding and fostering of a large num- ber of the town's leading industries, setting an example of public spirit and enterprise that is commendable in any citizen. In 1890 he erected his private residence, on the corner of Locust and State streets, which is one of the most attractive in the borough. In March, 1878, Mr. Dyer was married to Miss Henrietta Thompson, a daughter of James and Katherine Thompson, and they have. five children: John, Willis, Ellen, Kath- erine and Marion. All reside at Carwens- ville, with the exception of Willis, who is mar- ried and lives in the State of Washington. The family attend the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics, Mr. Dyer is an independent Re- publican. For twelve years he ser\'ed as a member of the school board, of which he was president for some time, and for twelve years was a member of the borough council. Fra- ternally he is identified with the Masons. Un- doubtedly Mr. Dyer is a man possessing high qualities of business ability and he impresses a visitor very favorably in the expression of his practical views. FRED KOHLER, one of the best known citizens of Brady township, is probably one of the most venerable, his birth having taken place December 21, 18 19, in Wittenburg, Ger- many, the home of his parents, who were George Frederick and Sophia Kohler. In 1833 the parents of Mr. Kohler decided to leave Germany and find a new home and better opportunities for their children by com- ing to America. After much preparation they embarked on a sailing vessel and after about six weeks on the Atlantic Ocean, were safely landed at the port of New York. The father was a dyer by trade and he soon found em- ployment in what was known as the Dressier factory, in New Jersey. It was his desire, however, to secure land and give his sons an opportunity to become farmers. From New AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 683 Jersey he moved to Erie, Pa. In the mean- while one of his daughters had married a Mr. Troutwine, quite an important man, for whom the town of Troutville, in Clearfield county, was named, it being built on land that he owned. George F. Kohler made a visit to his son-in-law and was so pleased with the ap- pearance of the country in Brady township that he made arrangements for the purchase of the farm which his son, Fred Kohler, now owns and shortly afterward moved on the place. He did not long survive but his widow lived to the age of ninety-three years. Six children were born to them, namely : Rosanna, Sophia. Fred, Amiel, Frederica and Wilhel- mina, Fred and Amiel, the latter of whom lives in Clarion county, Pa., being the only surviv- ors. Fred Kohler was fourteen years old when he accompanied his parents to America. He had attended Geitnan schools but had to learn to speak in English after reaching the United States. He was about sixteen years old when the family settled on the present fami. At that time he saw no immediate way to make any money in this section and decided to fol- low the suggestion of a relative that he return to New York City, where he could find em- ployment and make excellent wages by engag- ing in steam-boating. Thus he followed the water for some years and then went to Cali- fornia during the first gold excitement, in 1849, not, however, before he had made a payment on the old homestead to the other heirs. He remained in California for some years, meeting with many thrilling adventures and being fairly successful at gold mining. He then returned to Clearfield county and took charge of his present farm of 200 acres, 100 of which is cleared. It is fine land and is sit- uated between Troutville and the Jefferson county line. For a number of years after- ward, Mr. Kohler devoted much of his time to the lumber industry. Mr. Kohler was married first in i860, to Miss Nancy Crawford, who died two years later, leaving one child, George, who is a resi- dent of DuBojs, Pa. The latter married Eliz- abeth Ferris. In March, 1867, Mr. Kohler was married second to Miss Mary Harwick, a daughter of John and Margaret (Kippler) Harwick, of Huntingdon county, Pa., and five children were bom to tliem, as follows : Sam- uel, who married Catherine Broshes; Wil- liam, who married Catherine Knarr; Eliza- beth, who married Solomon Conrad; Sophia; and Fred A., who married Agnes Wilson. Mr. and Mrs. Kohler are members of the Lutheran church. In politics he is a Democrat and is serving as a member of the school board of Brady township. In spite of advancing years Mr. Kohler still takes an active interest in pub- lic affairs and in neighborhood happenings. He is held in high regard by all who know him and this circle is very wide. K. A. SLOPPY, justice of the peace in Knox township, who also conducts a meat business at New Milport, is one of the en- terprising and successful business men of this section and is held in respect and neigh- borly esteem by those who have known him from infancy, for he was born at New Millport, May 13, 1863. His parents were Henry J. and Patience (Curry) Sloppy, the former of whom still survives and resides at New Millport. Henry J. Sloppy was born in Snyd,er county. Pa., August 26, 1837, and accom- panied his father, Christopher Sloppy, to 684 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Clearfield county, settling in Pike town- ship, where the latter followed the carpen- ter trade. The family is of German extrac- tion. Henry J. Sloppy was married first to Patience Curry, a daughter of Richard Curry, who died and left one child, K. A. Her burial was in the Lutheran cemetery near New Millport. His second marriage was to Nora Bloom, a daughter of George Bloom, and they had five children: James K., Hallie Almeda, Trilby S., Donald and William Byron. After marriage, Mr. Sloppy located at New Millport, where he lived until after the death of his first wife, when he entered the Union army, becom- ing a member of a company in the 149th Pa. Vol. Inf. He was wounded in the fore- head at the battle of Fort Steadman, but remained in the service until the close of the war, when he returned to New Mill- port. He -is a leading citizen and for thirty years has held public office in the township, serving ten years as a justice of the peace, was postmaster, also school director, and at present is township assessor. In his politi- cal views he is an independent Democrat. For some years he has been station agent at New Millport for the N. Y. Central R. R., and also transports the mail. He at- tends the Lutheran church. K. A. Sloppy obtained his education in the schools of Knox township and after- ward became a clerk in a general store and for two years conducted a store of his own and for three years was connected with the store of L. C. Lanach, at Clearfield. He then returned to New Millport. He is well established in the butchering business, hav- ing a large trade and delivering meat at New Millport, Olanta and Kerrmoor on al- ternate days. In 1907 he was elected a justice of the peace to serve until 1912, hav- ing previously served five years as constable of Knox township. Mr. Sloppy was married July 2, 1874, to Miss Jennie Lanach, a daughter of Jackson and Ctaherine (Miller) Lanach, natives of Virginia, but residents of Clearfield. Air. and Mrs. Sloppy have seven children : Orpha M., Oral J., Gussie Almeda, George, Guy, Kelly and Ivan. Mr. Sloppy's two elder children are successful and popular teachers. Miss Orpha M. having taught for eight terms and now being engaged at the Clover Run school in Clearfield county. She is a graduate of the Clearfield County Normal school. Oral J., who is teaching the home district school in Knox township^ has been engaged for five terms. Mr. Sloppy"s second son, George, assists him in his meat business. The family belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church at New Millport, of which Mr. Sloppy is a trustee and for three years has been superintendent of the Sunday-school. The family is promi- nent in the pleasant social life of the place. GEORGE W. SMITH, who carries on general farming in Westover borough, was born in Bell township September 12. 1856, and is a son of Charles E. and Rebecca (Barnhart) Smith. Charles E. Smith was born in Union county. Pa., and died in 1896. aged seventy- six years. In his childhood he was brought to Banner Ridge, Chest township, by his parents, who were John and Emma (Sny- der) Smith, the latter being a daughter of Jacob Snyder, one of the early settlers in Burnside township. The grandfather of AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 685 Charles E. Smith was one of the earliest settlers in the county and both he and wife were of strudy, vigorous stock, enduring many hardships in early life but living into extreme old age, the former dying at the age of io8 years, and the latter at that of 112. Charles E. Smith was reared near Bethlehem and after his marriage he fol- lowed lumbering as his main business. He was forty-six years old when he moved to Mercer county, Pa., and nine years later re- moved to New Washington, where he re- sided for fifteen years. He cast his politi- cal vote with the Democratic party but never was willing to accept ofifice. He mar- ried Rebecca Barnhart, who died in 1886, aged sixty-eight years. Their children were as follows: Anna, who is the wife 0/ O. Kitchen, of Kansas; Kate, who is Mrs. Pendergast, living in New York City; John who is in the lumber business in West Vir- ginia; William Smith, who lives in Maryland, is a farmer; Charles, who is deceased; Nancy, who is the wife of D. Fettrolf, of Warren county ; Louis, who lives in Mary- land; Samuel, who resides in York county; Daniel, who is deceased ; and George W. George W. Smith obtained his education in the public schools and afterward operated the home farm for his father before pur- chasing the Riddle farm, which he subse- quently sold and moved to Westover, still being interested in farming and lumbering, From the age of sixteen to twenty years he was engaged with his brother in digging artesian wells at Baltimore, Md. Mr. Smith married Miss Savilla E. Ro- land, who was born January i, 1861, a daughter of William and Nancy (Brochler) Roland, of Indiana county, Pa., and a grand- daughter of Daniel Roland, and they have had three children : Orpha, who died at the age of twelve years; and Dora and Melvin, both of whom are at home. Mrs. Smith is a member of the United Brethren church. Mr. Smith has been quite active politically and has served in the borough council at Westover and on the school board and has been a delegate on several occasions to con- ventions of the Republican party. He is one of the representative men of Chest township. I S. C. READ, one of Lawrence township's prominent and useful citizens, residing on his farm of eighty acres, was born m Lawrence township, Clearfield county, Pa., June 16, 1858, and is a son of Amos Alexander Read. S. C. Read grew to manhood on the home place and attended the Goshen Township schools until he was about eighteen years of age, since when he has been engaged in agri- cultural pursuits. He owns eighty acres and has frfty-six of these under cultivation, having systematically cleared his land, not more than four acres at one time. In 1878 he cleared the first two acres and two more in 1879. After the great storm of 1880 through this section, much valuable timber was blown down and no more clearing was done in consequence until 1884, when two additional acres were cleared, Mr. Read doing all the work thus far unaer his father's superintendence. In March, 1885, he built a part of the present comfortable farm house and in July of this year was married and in the same year he cleared two more acres of his land. In 1886 he made further progress in building his house which he com- pleted in 1894, in the former year also erect- ing his large bam and laying a drain that car- 686 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ries off all waste water. Tlie drinking water is secured from a fine spring on the place. Al- though Mr. Read has done almost all the work on his farm by himself he has his possessions in fine condition, his fields well fertilized and cultivated, his orchards heaitliy and productive and his stock in tlie condition that pleases a careful breeder. He carries on general farming, according to modern methods, for he is an intelligent and progressive agri- culturist, a leading member and an official of the Clearfield County Grange and for eight years has been treasurer of the Clear- field County Agricultural Society. Among tile interesting exhibits of tlie ofifice of the agricultural society is the old fair record book which was started by James Wrigley when the first county fair was held, in i860. Mr. Read still uses the same, all transac- tions of the society since then having been entered in this volume. In politics, Mr. Read is a Democrat and he has frequently been the choice of his party for ofiice. From 1905 until 1908 he was township as- sessor and during that time registered more school children than had any other ofificial. For three years he was also precinct as- sessor and for one year was committeeman. In July, 1885, Mr. Read was married to Miss Elizabeth Ardrey, a daughter of James and Hannah (Poorman) Ardrey, of Center County, Pa., and they have the following children: Leda H., who is a stenographer with a business firm at Phil- ipsburg; Aaron Shira, who lives in the east end of Lawrence Township ; Thompson Graham, who lives at Readville ; and Mrs. Laura M. Sankey, who lives near Goshen Church. Mr. Read is a member and is also secretary of the board of trustees of Goshen Methodist Episcopal Church. He belongs to Golden Eagle Lodge No. 318 at Clear- field. HENRY BUCHER SVVOOPE, who is ex- tensively engaged in the coal business at Ma- dera, Clearfield county, Pa., was born, at Cur- \vens\'ille, this county, in 1881, a son of Ro- land D. and Cora (Arnold) Swoope. He is a grandson of the late Hon. Henry Bucher Swoope, who was widely known in his life time as a lawyer, a brilliant orator, and the founder and first editor of the "Ra'ftsman's Journal," of Clearfield Pa., and of the "Pittsburg Evening Telegraph," and who at the time of his death in 1874 was United States Attorney for the Western dis- trict of Pennsylvania. The father of our sub- ject is a well known lawyer of Curwensville. Henry Bucher Swoope of the present notice was given a good English education and after completing his studies entered into industrial life with a determination to succeed. He soon turned his attention to the coal business with which he is now connected as manager of the Corona Coal and Coke Company and also of the H. B. Swoope Company — both flour- ishing concerns. He was also connected with the organization of the Madera Trading Company in 1903, and with that of the Ma- dera National Bank, of which he is vice-presi- dent and the Madera Water Co., of which he is treasurer. In these different enterprises Mr. Swoope has shown good business ability and is recognized as one of the active and pros- perous citizens of the community. As he is still a young man, doubtless the future holds much in store for him. He is a brother of HENRY n. SWOOPE AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 689 Roland D. Swoope, Jr., editor of the present volume. Mr. Swoope was married in Jan- uary, 1905, to Miss Maude H. Moore. WILLIAM H. LYONS, whose finely improved and well cultivated farm of forty acres is situated in Sandy township, Clear- field county. Pa., one mile north of West Liberty, was born in this township, Novem- ber 25, i860, and is a son of John and Catherine Ann (Hoover) Lyons, and a grandson of Henry Lyons, who settled in Clearfield when the larger part of the land was covered with forest. John L3'ons was born in Clearfield county and he devoted his life to farming and lum- bering. He married Catherine Ann Hoo- ver, whose father, John Hoover, l)rought his family to Clearfield from Schuylkill County. John Lyons and wife reside on a farm that adjoins that of their son, William H., and they are among the most highly re- spected residents of Sandy Township. Ten children were born to them, as follows : Mary, who is the wife of George Heber- ling; Belle, who is the wife of Herman Shaf- fer; Sarah Jane, who is the wife of Philip Trapper; Emma, who is the wife of Ray- mond Rensell ; Etta Louella, who is the wife of Clark Leach ; Nora, who is the wife of \\'illiam Walbern; William Henry; James, who is deceased; and John D. and Norman. AA'illiam H. Lyons has spent his entire life in the section of country in which he was born and is widely known. After his school days were over he worked for some time in the woods at Inml^ering. In 1881 he bought his present farm from Ira A. Fuller and has made all the improvements, which include the erection of a handsome eight-room frame residence, which is beau- tifully located and presents a very attrac- tive appearance from the public highway. Mr. Lyons is a practical and intelligent farmer and has brought his land up to a liigh producing capacity. He has a steady market for all of his produce, at DuBois, and makes a specialty of raising potatoes. Mr. Lyons was married in April, 1885, to Miss Clara Kiel, a daughter of John Kiel, and they have five children, namely: Charles, who lives at West Liberty, and married Lela Dunlap; Mabel, who married Thomas London (and they live in Jefifer- son County and have two children — Alfred and Evelyn) ; Floyd, who lives at DuBois, (married Bertha Kessler and they have one son, Edwin) ; and Blanche and Sylvester, both of whom live at home. Mr. Lyons' children have had excellent educational opportunities at DuBois. He is a valued member of the Grange. J. D. BAILEY, who carries on general farming and dairying on a highly improved farm of 132 acres in Lawrence Township, is one of the substantial farmers and rep- resentative citizens of Clearfield County. He was born July 6, i860, on the home farm in Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., and is a son of Joseph and Sarah Elizabeth (Boal) Bailey, and a grandson of Daniel Bailey, who was one of the pioneers of Clearfield County. Daniel Bailey located on a farm in Pike Township after his marriage and died there at the advanced age of eighty years. He married Jennie Passmore, who died aged eighty-one years, and they reared the fol- 690 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY lowing cliildren: Isaac, Abraham, Calvin, Harrison, Levi, Newton, Lewis, Ruth, Ann, Joseph, and George. All of the chil- dren with the exception of Abraham, Jo- seph and George, moved west to Iowa, and all are now deceased. Daniel Bailey and wife were members of the M. E. church and were buried at the Center Church Cemetery. Joseph Bailey was born on the home farm in Pike Township, and after his mar- riage engaged in lumbering and agricul- tural pursuits. He was politically a Re- publican and served as road supervisor. He was an attendant of the M. E. church. At one time he was the owner of 700 acres of land, leaving 250 acres to his heirs, the remaining amount having been sold for a stone quarry, which had not been devel- oped at the time of his death. Joseph Bailey married Sarah Elizabeth Boal, and to them were born three sons and three daughters: Alice, is the wife of V. U. Spcnce of Curwensville, Pa. ; Boyd, died aged two years; Martha Jane, is the wife of John Ogden : J. D. ; Annie G., is married and resides in the State of Washington; Charles C, resides on the old Bailey farm in Pike Township. Joseph Bailey died aged seventy-nine years and his wife died at the age of forty-three years, both being buried at the Center Church Cemetery. J. D. Bailey was educated in the local schools of Pike Township and at Curwens- ville, where he attended one term. He sub- sequently remained on the home farm un- til about two years after his marriage, tak- ing possession of his present farm in 1889. He bought the land from the Welch heirs, remodeled the barn and built all the other buildings on the place, and has one of the best improved and modern farms in the county. The house and barn are both e(]uipped with running cold water and elec- tric lights, and there is a fine spring and reservoir on the land. Mr. Bailey at one time kept a large number of thoroughbred Jersey cows, but now has from twenty- eight to thirty-five head of milch cows and retails about 300 quarts of milk daily at Clearfield, delivering from house to house and to the hotels of the city. Mr. Bailey also carries on farming extensively in con- nection with dairying, and is one of the most enterprising and substantial farmers of the county. Mr. Bailey is a member of the Grange, of which he is also steward, and was also a member of the executive committee at the time the hall was built. He is also identified with the fire insurance company connected with the Pomona Grange, the officers of which are as fol- lows: Peter Gearhart, president; E. C. Davis, vice president ; Edward Harmon, secretary ; J. D. Bailey, treasurer, and the twenty-seven directors of the company all reside in Clearfield County. Mr. Bailey is also a director of the Farmers & Traders Bank, and is a stockholder of the Curwens- ville Bank. Mrs. Bailey has an interest in the Fire Clay Company, which is located near Curwensville. Mr. Bailey was joined in marriage with Mary E. Neaper, of Pike Township, and they, have three children: Paul, who mar- ried Catherine Kelley, resides in Lawrence township; Clarke, and Chester. The re- ligious connection of the family is with the M. E. Center Church, of which Mr. Bailey is a trustee. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 691 ROBERT H. McGARVEY, one of the representative citizens of Chest Town- ship, a general farmer operating i8o acres, was born on this place, the old Anthony McGarvey homestead, June lo, 1855, and is a son of Anthony McGarvey. After he had finished attending school, Mr. McGarvey engaged in farming for his father until 1881 and then went to Utah- ville, where he was in a lumber business for eighteen months. He moved from there to Jordan Township, where he fol- lowed farming for one and one-half years and in 1884 moved to Ansonville. In 1885 he moved to Gazzam, Pa., where he con- ducted a mercantile business and was post- master for three years, when he returned to the homestead and conducted opera- tions here until 1893, when he moved to Cambria County, where he resumed mer- chandising and also was again appointed postmaster. In 1894 he was elected a jus- tice of the peace for that borough and served for five years. In 1900 he again came back to the farm and has done a large amount of clearing here, cutting timber for the saw mill. He has been an active business man for so many years and at dif- ferent points that he is widely known. Mr. McGarvey was married first, in May, 1879, to Miss Emma McOuown, who died February 2, 1888, at the age of thirty-one years, eleven months and three days. He was married second, June 25, 1890, to Miss Anna Martha Fowler, a daughter of Rob- ert and Eliza (Fleming) Fowler, and a granddaughter of James and Sarah Fowler and William Fleming and wife, all natives of Ireland in the older generation. The parents of Mrs. McQarvey settled in Chest Township in 1849, where the father fol- lowed farming during all his active years, his death occurring in 1899, at the age of seventy-one years. The mother of Mrs. McGarvey lives at Ansonville. The Fow- ler family consisted of the following chil- dren: Sarah, who is the wife of J. W. Straw, of Jordan Township; Richard James, who is deceased ; John Fowler, who lives in Cambria County, married Eva McCulIy; Emma, who died in infancy; William, who is in the lumber business in West Virginia; and Mrs. McGarvey, who is the third in order of birth. To Mr. and Mrs. McGarvey nine chil- dren have been born, namely: Minta Ellen, born September 24, 1891 ; Olin A., born De- cember 6, 1892; Lois Edna, born May 9, 1894; Genevieve Marie, born November 24, 1895; Alvin Delmont, born November 29, 1897; Hazel Eliza, born March 9, 1900; Joel Wilson, born April 22. 1903 ; Olive Delrose, born November 13, 1904, and Del- ma Belle, born December 8, 1907. Mrs. McGarvey is a member of the Methodist Protestant church. Mr. McGarvey has been identified with the Masonic fraternity since 1897, attending lodge at Ebensburg, Pa. In politics a Republican, he has fre- quently been the choice of his party for office. JOHN W. YOUNG, who satisfactorily combines general farming and coal operat- ing on a tract of seventy-one acres of ex- ceedingly valuable land, which he owns in Ferguson Township, Clearfield County, Pa., has given his property the pleasant name of Clover Root farm and as such it is known all over the county. He was born 692 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY in Center County, Pa., March 24, 1848, and is a son of Albert and Mary (Wagoner) Young. Albert Young came to Clearfield County with his wife and si.x of their children, two having previously died in Center County. Three of the family survive, namely: John W., Mrs. Mary Kester, and Mrs. Sophia McMurray, all of whom live in Clearfield County. Albert Young bought fifty acres of land in Ferguson Township, the same now being owned by his son, which was entirely unimproved. He cleared the land and cultivated it according to the old and systematic methods of the Dutch, among whom he had learned farming. The land responded to his care and it is now con- sidered some of tlie most productive soil in the township. Mr. Young producing 100 bushels of corn to the acre and other crops with corresponding yields. John \Y. Young attended the country schools in boyhood but as soon as he was old enough to profitably handle a farm im- plement, there was work for him to do. He carries on general farming, occasionally doing a little trucking and giving some at- tention to raising stock. For the past twelve years he has been operating a coal bank which is on the old homestead farm, and has the third opening on the 32-inch vein of coal, taking out some ten thousand bushels of coal annually. Mr. Young and his son do the most of the mining them- selves and also do the delivering. They own some fifty acres of this rich coal land. Twenty acres of the farm is covered with second growth timber. Mr. Young married Miss Mary McCrack- en, a daughter of Green McCracken, who, with his wife Elizabeth, were old residents of Ferguson Township. Mr. and Mrs. Young have been the parents of thirteen children: Elizabeth, Lydia, George, Minta, Albert, Mollie, Sadie, William, Erla, Dove, Leslie, Ruth and Imo. Elizabeth was married to Charles Strong; had one child, is now de- ceased. Lydia married Walter Maurer; they have three chiklren. George is mar- ried to Bertha Witherite ; they have seven children. Minta married John Lang; have seven children. Albert married Alice Wil- liams; have four children. Mollie married L'lark W'itlierite : they ha\-e four children. Sadie married Clark Woods and they have five children. William married Lucy Wil- liams, and they have two children. Dove has been recently married to \\'arren Cur- rey. Erla, Leslie, Ruth and Imo still re- side at home. Mr. Young and family at- tend the Baptist church at Kerrmoor, of which they are members. In politics he is a Democrat. THOMAS E. KEEN, who has earned his present life of ease and now li\es in com- fortable retirement on his valuable farm of ninety-nine acres, which is situated in Sandy Township, about two miles south- west of DuBois. is an honored veteran of the great Civil War and a member of the Grand Army Post at DuBois, Pa. He was born September 11, 1833, at a small lum- bering village, known as Union Mills, in the State of Maine, and was the eldest of a large family born to Alby and Nancy (Es- terbrooks) Keen, natives of Maine. The father was a millwright and lumberman. When Thomas E. Keen was fifteen years of age he shipped as cabin boy on a sailing AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 693 vessel and during his several years on the water, crossed the Atlantic Ocean several times. He was still a young man when he came to Pennsylvania and at first was em- ployed at Harrisburg and came from there to Williamsport, where he found summer work in a saw mill and winter employment in the woods. Later he spent some time at lumbering but before the outbreak of the Civil War, had returned to W'illiamsport. He was one of the first of the patriotic young men of that place to enlist, on April 23, 1861, becoming a member of Co. D, nth Pa. Vol. Inf., contracting for three months, and this regiment was the first one sent to the front. At the expiration of his first term he reenlisted, entering Co. A, 177th Pa. Vol. Inf., for nine months and during this time he was promoted to be second sergeant and served as such through- out this enlistment. The end of the war seeming then to be far away, he enlisted for a third time, entering Co. B, 7th Pa. Vol. Cav., in which he continued until the close of the Rebellion. Although he was ever at the post of duty and took part in many battles and long and dangerous marches, he was never wounded, his near- est approach being when his canteen was shot from his side. He was captured but once, on August 2;^, 1865, but was dis- charged three wrecks later according to general orders from the War Department. At the close of his honorable military service, Mr. Keen returned to Williams- port and resumed work in the lumber camp. He secured employment at the Stark- weather & Munson Lath Mill, and later at DuBois in the DuBois Mill, where he had charge of the lath and picket mills. Du- Bois was then a very small place, being given over entirely to lumbermen t^ut they proved to be such a solid and reliable class of men that in a very short time every in- dustry and line of business was represented, schools and churches were built and the vil- lage developed the population of a town and soon grew to the importance of a bor- ough. Mr. Keen has watched all this growth with much interest and can tell of it all in a very entertaining way. In 1875 he moved to his present farm, which he had bought from John DuBois, for $20 per acre, being able to pay for the same by selling the timber off the place. At first he content- edly lived in a log shanty, which, with a log barn, were the only improvements on the place, but later he built his present comfortable farm-house and substantial barn, both being of modern style of con- struction. He engaged in cultivating his land until recent years, when he shifted his heavier responsibilities to the shoulders of his son, William E. Keen. On March 14, 1866, Mr. Keen was mar- ried to Miss Susan J- Pass, who is a daugh- ter of Charles Lloyd and Mary (Kulp) Pass. Her grandfather was a soldier in the Revolutionary War and was a member of the Pass family of ironworkers, at Phila- delphia, that recast the Liberty Bell. Seven children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Keen and they also have a goodly number of grandchildren and have also lived to see their name perpetuated into the third gen- eration. The family record is as follows: Elizabeth May, who is the wife of Frank Carbaugh, residing in Sandy Township, and they have ten children and are grand- parents ; Alba, who married Delia Dickson, 694 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY lives at DuBois, and they have five chil- dren; Charles I., who was accidentally drowned when eight years of age ; William E., who married Lottie Skinner, operates the home farm and they have eight chil- dren; Winnifred, who resides in Sandy Townshop, married Grace Spafford and they have two children; Amanda G., who is the wife of Charles F. Liddle, of Sandy Township, and they have four children; and Rewel W., who resides at DuBois, married Sadie Thompson, and they have two children. Mr. and Mrs. Keen are well known and at their hospitable home enter- tain many guests. In earlier years Mr. Keen was an active member of the order of Knights of Pythias. He is a Republican in politics and keeps well posted as to party affairs and prospects as well as to all that is taking place in this great country which his soldierly valor helped to preserve intact. MISS MARGARET HOYT, who is a representative of one of the best known and most substantial families of Clearfield County, Pa., continues to reside on the old Hoyt farm of 400 acres, situated in Green- wood Township, in which she owns a one- third interest. Miss Hoyt was born at Cur- wensville, Pa., December 10, 1836, and is a daughter of Dr. and Mary (McClure) Hoyt. Dr. Hoyt came of Connecticut stock, of the same family that, as history tells us, ninety days before the signing of the Dec- laration of Independence, July 4, 1776. had prepared a similar declaration and had is- sued it. This fact indicates that the Hoyts were men of enterprise, patriotism, and courage and the same traits have been mani- fested in the later generations. The father of Miss Hoyt was born Sep- tember 12, 1793, at Hudson, X. Y., a son of Phineas and Julia Anna (Pennoyer) Hoyt. He was afforded excellent educational ad- vantages and appears to have spent his boy- hood and youth in study, at one time being a pupil at Dartmouth College. He studied medicine with Dr. Woodward and Dr. White, in Otsego County and received his medical degree in 1818, locating for practice in Half Moon Township, Center County, Pa. Shortly afterward he moved to Pike Township, Clearfield County, making the trip on horseback, and carrying his posses- sions with his medicines in his saddlebags, which have been preserved by his daughter, Miss Hoyt. He engaged in medical prac- tice and later engaged also in merchandis- ing at Curwensville. In 1842 he moved to Greenwood Township, near Lumber City and Kerrmoor, where he built a mill in 1843, which he later deeded to his son, David Hoyt. He acquired about 1000 acres of fine timber land in Clearfield County. He lived into honored old age, his death occurring in I'"cl)ruary, 1885. He was widely known and was universally resjiected. Dr. Hoyt was married in January. 1820, to Miss Mary McClure , a daughter of Thomas McClure, of Pike Township, Clear- field County. They lived in Pike Township, near McClure's Cemetery, until after the l)irth of four children, and then moved to Curwensville, where the six younger chil- dren were born. The family record is as follows: Hiram, who was born in 1821, died in 1824; Julianna, who was born in 1823, died in 1824; Harriet, who was born April 9, 1825, died in February, 1906: David \\'il- son, who was born April 13, 1828, died in AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 695 1889; Elizabeth M., who was born May 29, 1830, is the widow of Martin Watts, to whom she was married January 18, 1854; Mary E., who was born November 2, 1832, married Martin Stirk, and died December 4, 1863 ; Marg-aret, who was born December ID, 1836; Christianna, who was born Sep- tember 21, 1840, died August 21, 1843; ^"d two sons, died in infancy. The mother of the above family died in September, 1886. Both she and husband were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. For many years their hospitable home was the center of a great deal of the pleasant social life of the time in this section. Miss Margaret Hoyt was the seventh born in her parents' family. She remembers attending school in one of the early build- ings standing on Filbert Street, Curwens- ville, where Mr. Ross was the teacher, and also a subscription school taught by Miss Goodfellow. After her parents moved to the present farm in 1842, she had school opportunities in Ferguson Township and recalls William T. Thorp, Sr., as a favorite teacher. Her father's house always being one of lavish hospitality, distinguished guests were often entertained and around the generous board or at the fireside she heard all the important questions of the day discussed. Miss Hoyt still retains much in- terest in what is going on in the world and is a very capable business woman. In ad- dition to the land interest already men- tioned, she is a stockholder in several banks. j MRS. LAVINA TELFORD, a well known and highly esteemed resident of Westover, Chest Township, was born No- vember 9, 1850, in Indiana County, Pa., and is a member of one of the old and substan- tial families of that county. She is a daugh- ter of John and Sarah (DeArmy) Telford, and the widow of John W. Telford, who was one of the most respected citizens of West- over. John Stake, father of Mrs. Telford, was born in 1812, in Franklin County, Pa., and in early life accompanied his parents, Fred- erick and Elizabeth (Read) Stake, to In- diana County. John Stake was a farmer and during his entire life from the age of twelve years, he lived in Indiana County. He was a member of the Evangelical church. He married Sarah De Army, who was born in 1813, in Indiana- County, and was a daughter of William and Betsey (Bowers) De Army, early residents of Brush Valley. The mother of Mrs. Tel- ford died July 16, 1895, the father having passed away March 20, 1886. They had eight children, three of whom survive : La- vina ; Elizabeth, who is the widow of James Moos, of Groveton, Pa. ; and Jeremiah, who is a farmer near Cherry Hill. The maternal grandfather of Mrs. Telford was a trans- porting agent in the early days before rail- roads had been built in Indiana County and carried both individuals and merchandise from both east and west. Lavina Stake grew up under the careful and judicious training of a wise and tender mother and from the age of nine years until her marriage, was the mother's main assist- ant in the duties of the household. In 1873 she was married to John W. Telford, who was born in Indiana County, Pa., May 3, 1841, and died in 1884. His parents were Alexander and Elizabeth (Wareham) Tel- 696 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ford, of Black Lick, Pa. One sister and one brother of Mr. Telford survive: Mary, who is the wife of Joseph Westover, residing at Mahaffey; and James, living in Indiana County. John W. Telford was a veteran of the Civil War, in which he served with effi- ciency and was honorably discharged. His burial was the first soldier's interment in the Westover Cemetery. He was a suc- cessful business man and was engaged both in farming and stock dealing. A part of Westover bears the name of Telford, in his honor. He was never interested to any great degree in politics, but he was a con- sistent member of the Baptist church and a lil)eral supporter of the same. Mrs. Telford has passed almost all of her married life at Westover and has a wide circle of friends here. She is interested in church and social afTairs and to some degree is a business woman, very capably taking care of her own interests. ELI L. PASSMORE. who has been the owner of the farm on which he was born, September 12. 1849, ever since he was six- teen years of age, is one of the substantial, reljable and representative men of Green- wood Township, Clearfield County, Pa. His parents were Joseph A. and Caroline (Hoover) Passmore. Joseph A. Passmore was born in Bailey Settlement, in Pike Township, Clearfield County, where he had but limited school opportunities. After his marriage he lived in Bell, now Greenwood Township, where he was the third settler to begin the clear- ing of land. He lived here until after the birth of all of his children, but died in Mc- Kean County, Xovember 17, 1908. In poli- tics he was a Democrat. He married Caro- line Hoover, who was born in Brady Town- ship, Clearfield County, February 27, 1827, a daughter of Peter and Mary Hoover. She died October 5, 1901. They both were members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Lumber City. They were united in marriage in 1848 and were permitted to spend sixty years together. Seven chil- dren were born to them, namely: Eli L. ; Allen, who was born June 13, 185 1, and died May I, 1855; Warren, who was born April 2, 1853, is a resident of McKean County; Peter, who was born Xovember 11, 1856, died August 24, 1857; Mary Theresa, who was born June 27, 1858, died August 3, 1907, and was the wife of John Derrick; [Manipton B., who was born November 5, i860, tlied July 6, 1907; and Lewis H., born July 29, 1863, who died June 2^, 1864. In Mr. Passmore's boyhood the nearest schoolhouse was a log structure, which he attended irregularly for two years and there laid the foundation of his education. In 1859 he had additional advantages in the Bell township school but his assistance was soon required on the home farm and books had to be put aside. When he was not more than ten years old he had to walk back and forth to Curwensville to carry merchandise and frequentl)^ in those days did not reach home with the heavy load on his back, until after night. He was not much more than ten years old when he began lumbering on the river and continued increasing his op- erations and usefulness as he grew older, until the industry was no longer profitable as a business. When sixteen years of age he came into possession of the homestead. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 697 10/ acres lying along the west branch of the Susquehannah River, one-half of which is still in valuable timber. He has always been a man of industry and even yet, when he can have plenty of assistance, declines to become a mere figurehead, still carrying on his farm work with vigor and according to his own methods. All the comfortable buildings on the place he has put here, sup- planting the earlier ones erected by his father. Mr. Passmore was married January 23, 1870, to Miss Carrie Hall, who was born at Center Corner, Lawrence Township, Clear- field County, February 26, 1843, ^ daughter of John and Nancy (Passmore) Hall, and a granddaughter of Abraham Passmore. Mrs. Passmore was educated in the old brick academy at Curwensville and the old academy at Slearfield, and was a success- ful teacher in the schools for four terms, teaching one term in each of the townships of Bradford, Knox, Huston and Bell. To Mr. and Mrs. Passmore nine children have been born, as follows: Charles A., who mar- ried Gertrude Hyatt, and resides at Ken- shaw, Pa. ; Walter, who lives in McKean County, married Olive Porter; Alice, who died at the age of four years ; Maggie, who is deceased; Alta, who is the wife of Roy McClure, of Curwensville; Lulu, who is the wife of Clarence McCracken ; Ellis and Ira, twins, the latter of whom married Sadie Bailey; and George. Mr. Passmore and family are members of the Baptist church. GEORGE B. WACHOB, one of the leading men of Brady Township, master of Pomona Grange, and owner of 100 acres of valuable land which is situated one mile north of Luthersburg, is one of the most successful and enterprising farmers, stock men and dairymen in this section. He was born March 22, 1859, in Armstrong County, Pa., and is a son of James C. and Mary Ann (Gorley) (Miller) Wachob. James C. Wachob was born at what is known as the Stone House, near Ringgold, Jefferson County, Pa., grew to manhood there and was first married to Mrs. Mary Ann (Gorley) Miller. She was a widow and had four children : William, James, Lewis and David Miller. From Jefferson County James C. Wachob moved with his family to Armstrong County and from there to Indiana County, where his wife died, in February, 1869. They had four children: George Barnard, John, Thomas and Rus- sell, Thomas being now deceased. James C. Wachob was married second, to Mary Rider, who still lives on the old farm. His death occurred in 1901, when he was aged fifty-nine years. To James C. Wachob's second marriage, three children were born: Maggie, wife of John Shafifer; Sarah, wife of William Shaffer ; and James. In his early manhood, James C. Wachob drove a stage covering the distance between Clarion and Bellefonte, and it sometimes happened that he spent twenty-four hours on the top of his conveyance, during periods of bad weather. Later he purchased a farm in North Mahoning Township, Indiana County, Pa., and devoted the remainder of his life to its cultivation. George B. Wachob was quite small when the family moved to Indiana County but he recalls that the journey was made in an old four-horse English box-wagon. The loss of his mother was deeply felt and he attended 698 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY school but a short time afterward, deciding of residents as well as the hotels and most to leave home and make his own way in the exclusive restaurants. He does a very large world. He was only fourteen years of age milk business and has shown much enter- at tliat time. His first employer was his prise in other directions. One of his lines uncle, John Gorley, who was a farmer in is the manufacture of a certain brand of Indiana County, and he paid his nephew sausage, which he puts up in a very attrac- wages of $9..25 a month. This good uncle tive style, enclosing the edible in a hygienic also gave him a cow, which was the begin ning of his business in livestock. After leaving his uncle he worked at farming for tlirce years for the late John T. Kirkpatrick, at Barnard, in Armstrong County, after- ward following rafting and lumbering at Big Run. He then went to Luthersburg wrapper. This product cannot be supplied fast enough for its market. He has about forty head of fine blooded cattle, beginning his herd with Pauline Paul stock, Holsteins, purchased from the Hayes stock farm of Cleveland, O. Later he introduced a full blooded Jersey strain. In 1910 he went to and engaged for a time in teaming for the New York and there bought cattle from pottery, under Joseph Silers and Mr. Kirk. Stephenson & Son and from Stephenson In 1890 he returned to Armstrong County, Bros., large and well known cattle dealers, where he followed farming for one year. Later in the same year, Mr. Wachob and and then worked three years in a saw mill, his son purchased six head of cattle from the for D. H. Waggle, in Clinton County, Pa. Mudget farm. New York. In 1897 Mr. Prior to this he had kept hard at work but Wachob built the first silo in Brady Town- had not been able to lay much money aside, but during his stay in Clinton County, he was able to save $600, and this was his real start. It was just about this time that Mr. Wachob bought two small pigs of full blooded stock, from the well known stock- man, L. B. Silver, of Cleveland, had them shipped to Renova and then brought them to his present place. He named one of these William Breckenridge and the other Made- line Pollard, taking names that were then ship, to which he has added and this method of preserving green food the year through has kept his cattle in the very finest condi- tion. .Mr. Wachob's remarkable success in all of his undertakings might give encourage- ment to other youths situated as he was. Starting out a mere boy he had to make his own way with very little help. That he has succeeded proves that he combined indus- try, honesty, courage and good judgment, all with a prudence that his desire to be- prominently before the public. The former c""ie a man of independence, made him save proved a prize winning animal at the sub- sequent fair at Grampian, and later dressed 824 pounds. In 1895 Mr. Wachob started into the dairy business and has the oldest milk his money. He did not purchase his 100 acres of land all at once. His first tract was bought from Jonathan Shaffer. The old way of cultivating the land had been in sections and the entire farm, under such route in OuBois, and supplies the best class methods, produced no more than one acre AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 699 does for Mr. Wachob, who makes use of entirely different methods. He has brought the land to a very high state of cultivation but it has required intelligent study, a great amount of well directed labor and the ex- penditure of considerable money at first. His buildings are suitable and attractive and he has erected two residences, one of which he occupies with his family. He was mainly instrumental in having the Farmers' Insti- tute held at DuBois, in March, 191 1, and at this time, he and his estimable wife enter- tained the visiting farmers for two entire days on their farm where the guests were glad to have a chance to view Mr. Wach- ob's admirable plans and his growing crops and valuable herds. \\'ithout doubt a fa- vorable impression was made and farmers returned to their respective homes with an entirely new set of agricultural ideas. For 3'ears Mr. Wachob has been actively inter- ested in the Grange and, as indicated above, he is serving as the present master of Po- mona Grange at Luthersburg. On Christmas Day, 1882. Mr. Wachob was married to Miss Laura Shaffer, who is a daughter of Jonathan Shaffer, one of the early settlers in Brady Township. Mr. and Mrs. Wachob have one son, Thomas B., who is associated with his father in the stock business. Thomas B. Wachob mar- ried Miss Hazel Doubles, a daughter of the late Con. Doubles, and they have a son, Lynn Ferman, who was born October 17, 1910. Mr. Wachob, wife and son are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is a steward and a trustee. He is a charter member of the order of Knights of Pythias, at Salem, Brady Township, where he attends the lodge. He is one of the few Republicans living in Brady Town- ship and recalls many exciting but friendly contested township elections. He has never served in any office except as a mem- ber of the school board, in which he took a deep interest for some six years. MRS. ELIZA C. BELL, who was born in Jordan Township, Clearfield County, Pa., February 27, 1842, resides on her valuable farm of ninety acres, which is situated in Greenwood Township. She is a daughter of David and Mary (Glenn) Williams, and the widow of the late John W. Bell. David and Mary Williams, parents of Mrs. Bell, were born and reared in Center County and after their marriage lived there until after the birth of three children. They then moved to Jordan Township, near An- sonville, Clearfield County, where David Williams acquired a farm of more than 200 acres. His death occurred there when he was but forty-two years of age. His widow survived to be eighty years old. Their burial was in the old Zion Cemetery in Jor- dan Township. They were consistent mem- bers of the Baptist church and were good and worthy people in every relation of life. They had six children, namely: Martha, Austin C, James G., AVilliam G., Eliza C, and John. Eliza C. Williams attended the country school and grew to womanhood under the care of a loving and judicious mother. She was married in 1868, to William Thompson, who was born in Jordan Township, in 1842, a son of John Thompson, and died Sep- tember 31, 1872, at the age of thirty years. After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Thompson lived in Greenwood Township, where he 700 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY was engaged as a timber marker. During the Civil War he served as a soldier in Co. M, in a cavalry regiment and for three years was exposed to all the dangers of a sol- dier's life, but was never either wounded or captured. He was a man of excellent stand- ing in his community, an active member of the Republican party and belonged to the local Masonic lodge. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Thompson: Martha M. and William Harry. The former is the wife of the famous missionarj'. Dr. Corson, of Bridgeton, N. J., with whom she spent six years in mission worl< in India. They have one child, Ethera Glenn. William Harry Tliompson lives with his family at Lajose, Pa. He married Emma Stevenson, a daughter of James Stevenson, and they have two children, Helen Elizabeth and Glenn Elton. After the death of her husband, Mrs. Thompson returned to her old home in Jor- dan Township, where she was married a second time, December 28, 1876, to John W. Bell. To this marriage was born, Febru- ary, 1878, one child, Ai T., who resides at home. John W. Bell was born in Green- wood Township, Clearfield County, Pa., July 12. 1838, a son of Arthur and Katherine (Hazlett) Bell. He was well educated, having attended the Normal School at In- diana, Pa. He became a man of wealth, making a fortune in lumber and acquired 700 acres of land in Greenwood Township. He cleared 150 acres of this land and sold much of the timber. He was a member of the Baptist church and one of its most lib- eral supporters. In everything pertaining to the advancement and development of Greenwood Township he was progressive and public spirited. In his early manhood he was a Republican in his political views but later became a supporter of the Pro- hibitionist party. He was a charter mem- ber of Greenwood Grange and belonged to both the Masons and Odd Fellows. When his death occurred, February 7, 1904, Green- wood Township lost one of its most worthy men. John W. Bell was married first in 1862, to Elizabeth Cook, a daughter of Alexander Cook, and they had five children, namely : Ida, who is now deceased; Cora E., who is the wife of Frank Cooper, and lives at Cherry Tree, Pa. ; Alice C, who is deceased; Arthur A., who is a farmer in Greenwood Township ; and Saner C, who resides in X'ew York. Mrs. Bell is widely known and is very highly esteemed. She is a very active mem- ber of the Baptist church at Bells Landing and a liberal contributor to its many benev- olent enterprises. She is one of the stock- holders in the MahafTey National Bank at MahafTey, Pa. WILLIAM HELSEL, a highly respected retired citizen of Chest Township, where he engaged in a milling business for a num- ber of years, is also an honored veteran of the great Civil War. He was born Decem- ber 25, 1837, in Cambria County, Pa., and is a son of George and Catherine (Suse) Helsel. George Helsel was born in Cambria County, Pa., and died there in 1867, having reached the great age of ninety-five years. He followed milling and never left the vi- cinity of his birthplace. He married Cath- erine Suse, who was the daughter of John J. f. STKU KI.ANI) AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 703 Suse and her grandfather and Tobias Hel- sel, father of her husband, were also na- tives of Cambria County, among the oldest families. The mother of William Helsel died in 1843. He has one surviving sister, Rachel, who is the wife of J. King, resid- ing in Bedford County, Pa. William Helsel had but meager educa- tional opportunities when he was a boy and when his school days were over he engaged in farming and learned the milling trade. After his mother died he worked away from home until his marriage. In October, 1886, he took charge of the old Porter mill, at Center, Pa., which he operated for three years; then conducted a mill at Coalport for one year ; then was engaged in milling for four years at Janesville, Pa., and then returned to Cambria County, where he op- erated the Walters mill for some seven years following which he came to the Hurd grist mill in Chest Township, which he con- ducted until 1896, since when he has been retired from active work. Mr. Helsel has a fine military record. On August 6, 1861, he enlisted for service in the Civil War, entering Co. A, 54th Pa. Vol. Inf., under Col. J- M. Campbell, in the Army of the Potomac and served three years and ten months, reenlisting May 15, 1864. He was a brave, cheerful and effi- cient soldier and was promoted to be cor- poral of his company, in 1863. He had many narrow escapes from death and cap- ture and was injured quite seriously at one time, from a gunshot wound. In 1858 Mr. Helsel was married to Aliss Susan C. Phenicie, who was born January 31, 1832, in Westmoreland County, Pa., a daughter of Stephen and Susan (Losher) Phenicie, natives of Germany. To Mr. and Mrs. Helsel the following children were born : Stephen, who married Lida Yarlet, and they have five children; Emma J., who is the wife of Arthur Taylor, residing at Middlefield, O., and they have two chil- dren ; Frances, who is the wife of N. Ran- dall, of Providence, R. I. ; Benjamin, who married Emma Wagner, resides near Pitts- burg, and they have four children ; William, who married Mary Young, and they have three children; and Elizabeth, who is the wife of George M. Keck. Mr. and Mrs. Helsel have four great-grandchildren. They are members of the Methodist Epis- copal church at New Washington, Pa. He casts his vote with the Republican party but has never accepted any public office. J. C. STRICKLAND, proprietor of the Park Hotel, a first class hostelry situated at Grass Flat, Pa., has been a resident of Clear- field county for forty-nine years of his life and is well and widely known. He was born in Dauphin county, Pa., September 28, 1856, and is a son of Jacob and Mary Jane (Ault) Strickland. Jacob Strickland was born in Dauphin county, Pa., March 28, 1823, and died in May, 1897. He was a shoemaker by trade and fol- lowed the same in Dauphin county until 1862, when he moved with his family to Clearfield county, settling at Humphrey's steam mill, which was the first steam mill built in the county. At that time the country round about was still covered with timber and it was no unusual thing to see from eight to ten deer in one day. Jacob Strickland married Mary Jane Ault, who was born in Lancaster county, Pa., and died July 31, 19 10, aged eighty-eight 704 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY years, eight months and seven days. To this marriage there were seventeen children born, J. C. being the twelfth in order of birth. The other survivors are: W. H., who conducts a restaurant at Burnside, Pa. (was formerly a lumberman) ; Emma, residing in West Clear- field, who is the widow of Albert C. Walters, who was a veteran of the Civil war; George, who conducts a tanner)' at Curwensville, Pa. ; and Jacob and Mary, twins. The former went to Maryland in 1872-3 and owns about 500 acres of land in Cumberland county. Mary is the wife of A. F. Flegal. J. C. Strickland attended school irregularly until he was about fifteen years old and then went to work in the timber and has followed work in the woods continuously until within the past six years. In 1881 he commenced to operate a saw-mill for the firm of Plack & Glunt, in Cambria county and was connected with it until 1905, when he moved to Grass Flat, where he went into the restaurant busi- ness, in which he was concerned for two years, five montlis and ten days, to be exact, when, in August, 1907, he took possession of the Park Hotel, which he had purchased. This public house was originally built by a Mr. Dunlap and was later improved by Mr. Shef- fer. It contains forty rooms and under Mr. Strickland's management enjoys a large amount of prosperity, he, as host, personally looking after the comfort of his guests and providing a fine table. Mr. Strickland was married first to Miss Amanda Turner, on July 10, 1881, who died without issue in 1901. She was a daughter of James H. Turner, Esq., of Wallaceton. Mr. Strickland belongs to the order of the Moose at Philipsburg. In his political views he is a Rejiublican. JOHN T. STRAW, a retired farmer whose life has been spent in Clearfield County, Pa., and whose large ownership of land and prominence in public affairs have made him well known in different sections, still resides on his farm of 200 acres in Fer- guson Township. He was born in Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., October 7, 1833, and is a son of Joseph and Ann (Thompson) Straw. Joseph Straw was also born in Pike Township and was a son of Christian Straw, who had the distinction of serving on the first jury ever summoned in Clearfield County. Joseph Straw obtained his edu- cation in what was called the McClure Cemetery schoolhouse. After his mar- riage he continued to live for a short time in Pike Township and then moved on a farm of 100 acres, in Ferguson Township, where he remained until the end of his life, dying in 1877, at the age of seventy-one years and six months. He was buried by the side of his first wife. After the Civil War he was a Republican. He had served as road supervisor and as assessor of Fer- guson Township. To his 100 acres was joined 100 owned by his wife and this land is all retained in the family. Joseph Straw was married first to Ann Thompson, a daughter of Agnations Thompson, of Lawrence Township, Clear- field County, and they had the following ciiildren: Margaret: Maria, who died when small : John T. : Isaac and Enoch, twins, the former dying at the age of sixteen years; and Amanda, Mary E., Esther A., Harriet and Joseph N., the last named being acci- dentally killed while hauling logs. The mother of the above mentioned children AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 705 died at the age of forty-nine years and was buried in the Baptist Cemetery in Jordan Township. Joseph Straw's second mar- riage was to Mrs. EHzabeth Templeton, a widow, and they had three children, George, Harvey and Alice, all of whom are now de- ceased. John T. Straw attended schools in Law- rence, Ferguson and Jordan Townships and afterward taught school for some time. He was satisfied to become a farmer and after looking over the county found no place that suited him better than his present farm, which he subsequently bought. He has about 60 acres cleared and thus still retains some valuable woodland. Mr. Straw also owns 100 acres of fine coal land in Green- wood Township, has a house and lot at Kerrmoor and an improved lot at Marron, Pa., and is a stockholder in the Ferguson and La Jose Telephone Company, of Fer- guson Township, and is a charter stock- holder in the Farmers and Traders Bank at Clearfield. Mr. Straw was married first to Miss Sarah Young, who was born in 1837, in Center County, Pa., a daughter of Albert Young, and died in July, 1866, her burial being in the old Jordan Township Ceme- tery. She was a consistent member of the Zion Baptist church. To this marriage the following children were born: Albert Y., who lives at Clearfield, married Margret Bailey, a daughter of Abraham Bailey, and they have ten children^ — Maud, Annie, Earl, Grace, Ruth, John, Abraham, Winfred, Samuel and Albert ; Harrison, who married Emmeline Reed, lives in Goshen Township ; William E., who married first, Katherine Patterson, has one child, Ethel, and mar- ried secondly Mrs. Ellison ; Anna Mary, who married Amos Reed, lives in Lawrence Township and they have had four children — Edna, Cecil, Ellsworth and Eldon ; Jere- miah Franklin is deceased. Mr. Straw was married secondly to Miss Mary Ellen Barrett, who was born in 1843, in Ferguson Township, a daughter of Luther Barrett, and died in May, 1874. She was a member of the Baptist church and her burial was in Jordan Township. To this marriage the following children were born: Perry C, lives in Greenwood Township; Charlotte is the wife of Blake Summers, of Jordan Township, and they have had five children — Cora Luella, Quay and Ray (twins), Mary, and George Mel- vin; Ida is the wif^ of James Rowles, lives at Glen Richey, and has one son, Carlton. Mr. Straw's third marriage was on July 12, 1874, to Miss Priscilla Barrett, who was born in Jordan Township, Clearfield County, August 8, 1856, a daughter of Hiram Barrett. They have had the fol- lowing children : Rosetta, whose death oc- curred January 26, 1911, was the wife of James Lang, of Dixonville, Indiana County, Pa., and three children survive her — Arbu- tus, Robert and James ; Cora is the wife of Dr. FI. G. Purnell, of Ansonville, and they have three children — Charles T., John T. and H. Garrett; Susanna died at the age of fifteen months; Blanche E. is the wife of J. B. Gates, residing in Cambria County; Myrtle is the wife of Stewart Williams, re- siding at Monmouth, Pa., and they have one daughter, Priscilla; Carrie E., who is the wife of Clyde Bolender, has had two children, George and Mary, the latter now deceased; Perie Z. ; John T., a teacher at 706 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY Millport, Pa.; Iva Belle, who is at home; Jerusha, who is ileccased ; and Nora V. and Sarah L. Mr. Straw's first purchase of land was of lOO acres and later he l)ougfht the second lOO acres, on which he lived for three years and then returned to his first farm. He has always been an ardent Democrat and has long been influential in party affairs in this section. He was elected county commis- sioner of Clearfield County in 1882 and served until 1885. W^ith his wife and family he belongs to Zion Baptist church. He has al- ways been interested in the Patrons of Hus- bandry. For fourteen years he served as school director in Ferguson township. Mr. Straw has always been a very robust and vig- orous man and has easilf attended to his nu- merous business affairs, never being willing to give himself a needed rest, until some two years ago, when an attack of rheumatism caused him to relieve himself of many of his responsibilities, turning them over to his very capable sons. JOHN R. SHAFFER, who is an honored veteran of the great Civil war, resides on his farm of forty-eight acres, which is situated in Sandy township, about one mile southwest of West Liljerty, Pa. He was born June 3, 1845, on his father's farm which was then situated in Brady township, Clearfield county, but is now included in Sandy township, and is a son of Michael and Polly (Reishall) Shaffer. Michael Shaflfer was born in Dauphin county, Pa., one of a family of four sons, the eldest of whom, John, remained in that county. The other three, Michael, George and Fred Shaffer, all came to Clearfield county and Michael and Fred bought adjoining tracts of land, on the present site of the B. & S. Shaft No. I. and cleared up their property. Michael Shaffer sold his land and moved then to West Liberty where he lived during the re- mainder of his life. He married Polly Rei- shall, who survived him some years, and they had six children : Innes, who is deceased ; Elias; Emeline, wiio died when young; John R. ; Mary, who is the wife of Augustus Heb- erling; and Caroline, who is now deceased, was the wife of David Lyon. John R. Shaffer learned his first lessons in a log schoolhouse where the rough slab benches were arranged around the room, the teacher, with his hickory stick usually in hand ready for any emergency, standing in the cen- ter. Mr. Shaffer was obliged to walk quite a distance through the woods to reach school and frequently saw deer and other wild crea- tures in the forest. When the Civil war l)rnke out he determined to become a sol- dier, altliough he was then but a boy of sixteen years. He managed to he accepted and on August 31, 1 86 1, was enrolled in Co. D, 105th Pa. Vol. Inf., as a private, but shortly after- ward gained promotion and was made cor- poral. In July. 1863, he was detailed as an orderly on hospital duty first at Philadelphia and later at Washington. He took part in the liattles of Yorktown, Williamsburg, Freder- icksburg, Chancellorsville, Kelley's Ford, the Wilderness and the Siege of Petersburg. On May 3, 1863, at the battle of Chancellorsville, he was wounded in the arm and was taken to a hospital at Philadelphia, where he remained a patient for five months, after which he re- turned to his regiment and on May 5, 1864, was wounded by a spent ball, in the shoulder, which injury caused his remaining in a Wash- ington hospital for four months. From an AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 707 attack of lung fever, produced by exposure, he was kept in a hospital at Camp Jamison for two months, this being in the winter of 1861. In June of the following year he was pros- trated with typhoid fever and he spent four months recovering from this in a hospital at Brooklyn, N. Y. In 1S63 he was accorded a furlough of thirty days and on July 11, 1865, he was honorably discharged at Washington, D. C. Mr. Shaffer returned home and as soon as he had sufificiently recuperated, went to work at various things as occasion offered, ha\'ing his own way to make, and it was not until the summer of 1879 that he was able to invest in farm land as was his desire. He then pur- chased 116 acres of land from Samuel Arnold, paying $800 for the same, and later sold a part, the Mapledale lots having fonnerly been a part of his farm. He cleared off the larger part of his remaining land and put up all the substantial fann buildings. He continued to operate his farm until his son, Harvey Le Roy, was old enough to take the responsibility and Mr. Shaffer is now somewhat retired. Mr. Shaffer has been twice married, his first marriage taking" place when he was twenty- one years of age to Miss Mary J. Downey, who died shortly afterward. He was married second on May 25, 1879, to Miss Penina J. Kness, a daughter of Henry and Elizabeth (Morehead) Kness. The father of Mrs. Shaffer was a soldier in the Civil war, a vol- unteer from Armstrong county. Both of her parents are now deceased. She was the sec- ond born in a family of six children, tlie oth- ers being : John, who is deceased ; Nancy, who is deceased, was the wife of Jefferson Labord ; William ; Isaac ; and Amanda, who is the wife of David Lyons. Seven children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Shaffer, namely: Mary, who is the wife of Arthur De Lorm, resides in Jefferson county. Pa., and they have two children — Ruby and Myrtle ; Harry, who married Grace Marshall, lives in Sandy town- ship, and they have three children — Alice, and Ruth, an infant, unnamed : Vergie, who is the wife of Stacy Lyons, lives in Jefferson county and they have one child, Cecil; Harvey Le Roy, who resides on the homestead and manages the farm, married Martha Horn and they have two children — Robert and Floyd ; Olive, who is the wife of James Pierce and they live in Sandy township and have three children — Alto, Calvin and Russell ; Myrtle, who is the wife of Dell Askey, and they reside in Montana and have two children — Alberta and Myrtle; and Cora, who lives at home. Mr. Shaffer and family attend the Baptist church. In politics he is a Republican. He is a mem- ber of the Grange and belongs to Mingle Lodge, No. 753, Odd Fellows, at Troutville, while his son belongs to Lodge, No. 417, Knights of Pythias, at Salem. The family is one that is held in the highest esteem in this section. DAVID R. READ, residing on his farm of 103 acres, which is situated in Ferguson town- ship, Clearfield county. Pa., two and one-half miles northwest of Kerrmoor, was born Au- gust 7, 1837, in this township but on an ad- joining farm. His parents were William and Jane (Ferguson) Read. William Read was bom, reared and edu- cated in Lawrence township, Clearfield county, moving into Ferguson township at the time of his marriage to Jane Ferguson, and he lived there until his death. He owned 150 acres of land which had been cleared by his own Indus- 708 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY try. He survived his wife many years, her death taking place when aged forty-three years, while he lived to be seventy-two years. They w^ere members of the United Presbyte- rian church. Their family consisted of seven sons and three daughters. David R. Read attended what was known as Friendship school, in Ferguson township, when he was a boy, and afterward went into the woods and worked at timbering. After his marriage he moved to what was known as the Hockenberry farm, in Ferguson town- ship, after living for a time in Greenwood township. Here he found a great deal of im- proving necessary and has done considerable building, putting up all the substantial struc- tures now standing, except tiie barn. He has carried on general farming and is numbered with the prosperous agriculturists of the town- ship. Mr. Read was married on July 7, 1864, to Miss Clara J. Owens, who was affectionately known to family and friends as Sis Owens. She was born on an adjoining farm, Septem- ber 16, 1843, and is a daughter of Thomas and Emeline (Hile) Owens. Five children have been bom to Mr. and Mrs. Read, namely : Emeline, who is the wife of Harrison Straw, of Goshen township ; Lyman, who is deceased ; B. W., who resides in Oregon, and married Nettie McCarty; J. Perry; and an infant who died. J. Perry Read assists his father in operat- ing the home farm and owns a tract of forty- three acres adjoining it which is quite valua- ble. He married Miss Stella Hamilton, who is a daughter of Harvey Hamilton, and they have had five children : Burl, Curtis, Winni- fred, Emeline and Dorothy, Curtis and Doro- thy being now deceased. In politics Mr. Read and son are strong ad- herents of the Prohibition party. He has served as school director and also as overseer of the poor, in Ferguson township. With his wife and son he belongs to the Grange at Kerrmoor, and there they also are connected with the United Presbyterian church. They are all people of high standing, representative of the community's best citizenship. JOHN N. WORK, who is interested in general farming in Bell township for the past eighteen years has been identified with the Pennsylvania Railroad Company and is one of tlie oldest and most trusted employes living in this section. He was born April 25, 1865, on the old Weaver farni in Bell township, and is a son of Joseph S. and Rolinda (McMas- ters) Work. Joseph S. Work was born in Indiana county. Pa., a son of John Newton Work, and died in Clearfield county, in September, 1900, at the age of sixty-two years. He came to this county when a youth of eighteen years, working at McGee's Mills until his marriage, when he bought the old Weaver farm in that neighborhood, and followed farming and lumbering during the remainder of his life. He was never very active in politics but was an intelligent and fair-minded citizen and cast his vote in support of good government. He married Rolinda McMasters, who was a daughter of Eben and Rebecca McMasters. She was born in Burnside township, Clearfield county, and died in 1872. They were mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. Tiiey were parents of the following children : Beat- rice, who is the wife of William Croft, of Tyrone; Rebecca, who is the wife of E. Sun- derland, of McGee's Mills; John N. ; Mary, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 709 who is the wife of Andrew Gaylor, of Ma- haffey. Pa. ; Margaret, who is the wife of F. Cuenley, of McGee's Mills; Eugene, who lives at home; Josephine, who is the wife of Fred Haigh, of Jefferson county; and Robert A., who resides near Lock Haven, Pa. John N. Work attended school until he was about fourteen years of age and then went to work in the woods where he continued until he was twenty-one, this hard labor serving to develop him into a strong and vigorous man. He then turned his attention to railroading and since May, 1893, has been connected with the great Pennsylvania system. He is well known to both employes and officials and stands very high in the estimation of all as to his reliability and efficiency. This has been his main business for many years but, with his brother, he also gives some attention to the home farm. Mr. Work was married to Miss Ella Irwin, who was born May 16, 1865. at Muddy Run, Cambria county. Pa., a daughter of Alexander and Katherine Irwin, the former of whom is deceased. Mr. and Mrs. W^ork have had six children : Frederick, who lives on the home farm; Max Orx'ille, who died at the age of nineteen years ; Mabel Rolinda and Cecil Mon- roe, both of whom are pursuing higher courses at school ; and Joseph S. and Martha Cather- ine. Mr. Work casts his vote with the Demo- cratic party but has never desired any public office. DAVID S. YOUNG, whose valuable farm of 100 acres is situated in Greenwood town- ship, Clearfield county. Pa., was born in this township, on the south side of the west branch of the Susquehanna river, February 18, 1853. and is a son of Samuel and Sarah (Wall) Young. Samuel Young was born in 1821, when Greenwood was still known as Bell township, Clearfield county. He was a man of great en- ergy and followed farming in the summer time and lumbering in the winters and thus acquired a good property. He was a quiet, home-loving man and was respected and es- teemed by all who knew him. His death oc- curred when he was but thirty-two years of age and his burial was in the Bower cemetery. He married Sarah Wall, who was born in Penn township, Clearfield county, a daughter of David and Sarah Wall, and she survived her husband until 1892, having all the respon- sibility of rearing their only child, David S. She was a woman of fine character and a mem- ber of the Society of Friends. Her burial was at Grampian. David S. Young obtained his education in the common schools and grew up on the home farm and remained there for some years fol- lowing his marriage and then bought his pres- ent place. Here he has made many improve- ments including the erection of all the sub- stantial buildings on the place, and carries on general farming and stock raising. He is one of the representative men of his township in all that pertains to good citizenship. Mr. Young was married January 14, 1875, to Miss Lucinda Brooks, who was born in Greenwood township, March 9, 1852, a daugh- ter of Edward and Margaret (Dale) Brooks, the latter of whom is deceased. Mr. Brooks resides with Mr. and Mrs. Young. Nine chil- dren were born to the above marriage as fol- lows: Sarah Gertrude, who was born March 25, 1876, married David Patterson; they live (10 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY at Bell's Landing and have four children — Joseph, Seymour, Truman and Genevieve. Anna Margaret, born August 23, 1877, mar- ried Frank Daughcnbaugh ; they live at Ma- haffey, Pa., and have children — Lillian, Es- ther, Etta. Jefferson, Malcolm, Ronald, Chris- sie and two deceased. Flora Jane, born De- cember 17, 1878, married Ezra Johnson and they live in Greenwood township and the chil- dren born to them were Elva, Melvin, Arlean, Nannie, Larue, Enlow, Woodrow and two now deceased. Elvira Mae, who was born September i, 1880, and Truman \V., who was born April I, 1882, are both unmarried. Re- becca Lucretia, born December 27, 1883, re- sides at home. Clara Lovena, who was born October 2, 1885, is the wife of William R. Potts, of Clearfield, and they have diree chil- dren — Winnifred, William and Vaulna. El- bridge C, born April 28, 1887, and William Edward, born September 21, 1891, are both unmarried. Mr. and Mrs. Young are mem- bers of the Zion Baptist church, of which he is a trustee. He is a Republican in his polit- ical affiliations but has independent tendencies. HARVEY WALLS, wlio owns seventy- five acres of fine farm land in Sandy township, situated about one-half mile west of West Liberty, on the Clearfield and Jefferson county line, is known to his fellow citizens as a relia- ble man worthy in every way of their respect and esteem. He was born May 24, 1854, on his father's farm south of Luthersburg, Clear- field county, and is a son of James and Sarah (Moore) Walls, and a grandson of David Walls. David Walls was a veteran of the War of 181 2 and was one of the pioneers of Clearfield county, having come from the eastern part of the country, and about 181 5 he located near Grampian. Later he moved into Brady town- ship, where he remained until his death. James Walls was born in 1810 and was quite small when the family came to Clearfield county where his subsequent life was spent. He bought a farm in Brady township, fol- lowed farming there and died in 1890. He married Sarah Moore, who survi\ed him three years. They had seven children, namely: Margaret, who died at the age of three years; Andrew, who is now deceased, was a soldier in the famous Bucktail regiment, the 149th Pa. Vol. Inf., during the Civil war; David, Jerry and Harvey, the first named being de- ceased ; Mary Ann, who is the wife of J. F. Heberling; and George, who married Maggie De Larme, lives in Sandy township. Harvey Walls attended the countrj' schools until he was twelve years of age, when he was deemed strong enough to go into the woods and work with the lumbemien and he contin- ued until he was tw-enty-one years old. At that time he gave up lumbering and bought his fann from C. H. Prescott, and has carried on agricultural activities here ever since. He sold the timber from thirty acres of his farm, to his brother, George Walls. Buildings w-ere standing on the place when Mr. Walls bought it but these he took down in 1908 and in place of the old house has built an elegant eight- room brick residence, which is one of the most substantial dwellings in this part of the county. He has made many improvements on the place and thereby has added considerably to its value. He is assisted by his brother, Jerry, and they both occupy the residence. Mr. Walls has never taken any very active part in politics but has always been ready and willing to assist in the promotion of move- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS (U ments which his judgment convinces him are for the general welfare. He casts his vote with the Democratic party. He is a member of Red Fern Lodge, Knights of Pythias. BLAIR STEVENS, who has business in- terests at different points in Clearfield county, Pa., is postmaster at Kerrmoor and proprie- tor of a general store here which is conducted under the style of Blair Stevens, merchant. He was born near Warrior's Mark, Llunting- don county. Pa., February 3, 185 1, and is a son of Capt. Henry and Susanna (Beck) Ste- vens. Capt. Henry Stevens, who was captain of Co. E, 45th Pa. Vol. Inf., in the Civil w^ar, had been a veteran of the Mexican war and was w'idely knowm. Both he and wife died in Half Moon township. Center county. Pa. They were parents of eleven children. Blair Stevens was educated in the public schools and at a select school in Center county, which was conducted under the supervision of the Society of Friends. Before he engaged to any extent in business in his native state, he traveled through the West and visited Kansas and Texas as well as other sections. He then followed farming in Center county for a time and then moved to Clearfield county and lo- cated at Bigler, where he became postmaster and conducted a store until he came to Kerr- moor. Here he bought the Kerrmoor Supply Company and business was at first carried on under the name of F. P. Stevens & Bro., later as Watts & Company, when the present pro- prietor became sole owner and since then has operated under his own name. He is inter- ested also in the McCartney Supply Company, at McCartney, Pa. Mr. Stevens is a stock- holder in the Lumber City Telephone Com- pany and the Ferguson Township and La Jose Telephone Company. In politics he is a Re- publican and has served as school director and for ten years was tax collector. On August 24, 1882, Mr. Stevens was mar- ried to Miss Mary Waite, who was born in Center county, Pa., November 5, 1858, and is a daughter of Henry and Anna (Eyer) Waite, and they have two children, Lawrence and Anna. Lawrence Stevens is a resident of Wilkinsburg, Pa. He married Elsie Mc- Creery, a daughter of Robert McCreery, and they have one daughter, Mary Jane. Anna is a trained nurse and is connected with the Al- legheny General Hospital in North Pittsburg. Mr. and Mrs. Stevens are members of the Presbyterian church. ASH BENNETT LEE, a general farmer and respected citizen of Bell township, was born September 24, 1866, on the old Lee homestead in Burnside township, and is a son of John and Elizabeth (White) Lee, and a grandson of Isaac and Hannah ( Fulton ) Lee. Isaac Lee was born in Center county. Pa., and when young accompanied his parents, Ja- cob Lee and wife, to Clearfield county, where he grew to maturity and followed fanning and lumbering. He was twice married: first to Hannah Fulton, a daughter of David and Mary Fulton, and of this marriage there were ten children, of which family there are but two now living: John and Jacob. The first wife died in 1845 and Mr. Lee was married second to Margaret (Young) Westover. widow of Abner Westover, and they had three sons: Isaac, James and Henry. Isaac Lee died in 1880, at die age of eighty-six years. He was a member of the Methodist Protestant church. 712 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY John Lee, father of Ash B. Lee, was bora on the Lee homestead above mentioned, No- vember 5, 1836. He assisted his father to clear off the timber and to cultivate the land when prepared for tillage and remained with his parents until his own marriage. His father gave him fifty acres of land on which he built his present residence and later he purchased all of the homestead which included a pro- ductive coal field. He commenced to mine coal at Lee Hollow, in 1870 and operated it until 1890, when he sold his interests to the company now operating it, and has since con- fined his activities to the lumber industry. He is one of the substantial citizens of Burnside township. John Lee married Elizabeth White, who was born in Huntingdon county, Pa., Novem- ber 22, 183 1, a daughter of William and Catli- erine (Holman) White. The following chil- dren were born to tliem : Isaac Newton, who resides in Burnside township; John W., who resides at Bethlehem, Pa.; Ash Bennett; Wil- liam Walton, who lives at home; James Ham- ilton, who married Emma Lee; Edwin Hor- sey, who married Anna Stephens; Jesse Hall, who resides at home; Samuel White, who lives at Bethlehem, married Elsie Pennington; and Eva Jane, a twin sister of Samuel W., who is the wife of D. Johnson. The mother of the above family died in .August, 1899. Ash Bennett Lee was given the usual coun- try boy school advantages and made the most of his opportunities. Until his marriage he resided with his parents and did his share of work on the home farm, but in 1893 he moved to his present place called Old Bethlehem, near Mahaffey, and since then has been en- gaged in fanning, teaming and coaling. ■ His many industrial interests have made him widely known and he is respected both as a business man and as a citizen. Mr. Lee was married in 1893 to Miss Ber- tha Hutton, a daughter of Edward and Sophia (Breth) Hutton, the former of whom was an early settler in Burnside township. Mr. and Mrs. Lee have eight children: Ada, Clair, Ash, Nora, May, Pearl, Bessie and Wilbur. Mr. Lee was reared in the Methodist Protes- tant church. He is actively interested at all times in the success of the Democratic party. HENRY OWENS, deceased, formerly one of the most highly respected residents of Fer- guson township, Clearfield county, Pa., for many years was a successful farmer and owned a well improved farm of 187 acres, situated one and one-half miles south of Lumber City. He was born in Ferguson township, March 15, 1847, and spent his long and useful life here, his death occurring April 26, 1910; his burial was at Lumber City. Henry Owens attended what is known as the Friendship school, in Ferguson township, but in his boyhood few educational advan- tages were afforded in comparison with those which the ciiildren of the present day enjoy. He was naturally a man of excellent mind and good judgment and in middle life, when his fellow citizens at different times elected him to township offices, he performed the duties of the same with uprightness and efficiency. He grew up on a farm and agriculture was his main occupation. He was a kind father and good neighbor and there are many who will remember him as a man of sterling worth to his community. In his earlier years he was a Democrat but later became identified with the Prohibition party. Mr. Owens was married August 18, 1870, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 713 to Miss Elizabeth Moore, who was born in Ferguson township, February i8, 1846. Her parents were Joseph and Mary Moore. She died August 13, 1905, and her burial was at Lumber City. Both she and husband were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. They had six children born to them, as fol- lows : the first and second born, both sons, died in infancy; Norman H., born July 7, 1875, ^^' sides at Clyde, in Westmoreland county. Pa. ; Harry M. ; Clarke E., born September 28, 1882; and Howard W., who was born De- cember 17, 1884, and died at the age of seven years. Harry M. Owens, who has charge of the family estate, with power of attorney, was bom on this farm October 14, 1877. He was married September 4, 1900, to Miss Stancia Caldwell, who was born in Ferguson town- ship, October 26, 1881, a daughter of James M. and Belle F. Caldwell, of Lumber City. They have two children, Mary Belle and Mar- garet Elizabeth. SAMUEL A. EISENMAN, who is the pioneer merchant of the east side of DuBois, Pa., a busy section of one of the most pros- perous and rapidly developing towns of Clearfield county, has been located at his pres- ent place of business, on East DuBois avenue, since 1885. He was bom on his father's farm in Clarion county. Pa., April 2, 1849, and is a son of Joseph H. and Catherine (Hopper) Eisenman. Joseph H. Eisenman was born in Germany and was nine years old when his parents came to America. The father entered land in Clar- ion county, and became a farmer and also a distiller, living between Freyburg and Ship- pensville, Clarion county. Joseph H. Eisen- man secured a farm near the one his father owned and spent his whole subsequent life in Clarion county. For twenty-two summers he burned charcoal for the Madison and Lucinda furnaces. His death occurred on Febmary 8, 1877, when he was fifty-seven years of age and his burial was in Clarion county. He married Catherine Hopper, who was bora in Center county. Pa., and died in 1886. Eight children were bom to them, namely: John; Hiram; Mary Ann, who is the widow of Ben- jamin Hurley; and Samuel A., Ambrose, Amos, Joseph and James. Samuel A. Eisenman spent his early years on the home farm and during this time at- tended a district school three miles distant for a part of each winter. He was only a boy when he began to earn money for himself by work- ing by the day for neighboring farmers, after that attending school again for a few months. He developed considerable business ability even then and secured his capital for entering into the mercantile line by shrewdly purchasing small trkcts of timber, mainly in Elk county. In 1876 he embarked in the mercantile busi- ness at Elk City, Clarion county, which he con- tinued for one year and then sold out and be- came an oil and gas producer in Clarion county. Strangely enough he did not prosper in this line as he had in fomier undertakings and after five years of experience he gave up working in the oil fields and started all over again in the lumber and rafting business and continued until 1882, when he came to Du- Bois. For three years afterward he worked for John DuBois, in the latter's saw-mills, and then decided to re-enter the mercantile busi- ness, his long experience having taught him 714 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY mucli of which he liad been ignorant before. He bought the land on which liis buildings stand and cleared off the timber, erecting first a store building of 20 x 40 feet dimensions, in which he opened a general store and pros- pered from the first. As soon as his trade warranted it he put up iiis present three-story brick and stone block and occupies a store room 30 X 100 feet with his mercantile goods and resides in one of the comfortable apart- ments fitted up for family use, on the upper floor. Through careful attention and honest dealings he has developed a very large busi- ness and is now numbered with the substantial men of the place. In addition to his other en- terprise, Mr. Eisenman conducts a flour and feed business, is interested in real estate on the east side, has oil and gas interests in Clar- ion county and is a stockholder in the Deposit National Bank of DuBois, Pa. On September 21, 1876, Mr. Eisenman was married to Miss Eliza Suffolk, a daugh- ter of the late James Suffolk, of Brookville, Pa., and they have two children: Edgar, who is a graduate of the DuBois High School and now a student in the University of Pennsyl- vania at Philadelphia; and Samuel Alvin, his father's namesake. In politics, Mr. Eisenman is a Democrat and fraternally he is a Mason, belonging to the Blue Lodge at DuBois, the Chapter at Brookville. the Consistory at Wil- liamsport and Jaffa Temple, Mystic Shrine, at Altoona. He is a mcmlicr and liberal sup- porter of the Baptist church. During his long years of residence here he has given support to every movement designed to promote the general welfare and tlirough example and pre- cept has materially aided in the advancement of the town along the best lines of develop- ment. S. B. W'ELTV, who, for thirty years has filled the office of justice of the peace, in Un- ion township, Clearfield county, Pa.,,wliere he is a citizen of prominence and the owner of 580 acres of valuable land, was born in Brady township, Clearfield county, June 19, 1847. His parents were David and Hannah (Best) W'elty. David W'elty and wife were both born m Center county and both died in Union town- ship, Clearfield county, the former at the age of seventy- four years and nine months, and the latter when aged seventy-one years and seven months. They had the following chil- dren : William, David, John, Simon B., James, Joseph, Mary Ann, Caroline, Harriet, Elizabeth, Sarah, and an infant daughter that died. David Welty was a farmer and lum- bemian and acquired much property through industr)' and good management. He was one of the liberal supporters of the Lutheran cliurch. His political convictions made him a Democrat. With his brothers and sisters Simon B. Welty attended the Rockton school in his boy- hood and afterward gave his father assistance, the latter having moved into Union township when Simon B. was a youth. The father owned a saw-mill and for a number of years the sons of the family worked there. Mr. Welly's land extends to the borough line of Rockton and farming, stock raising and lum- bering are all important activities on the place. Mr. Welty was married in 1877, to Miss Man,- E. Brisbin, a practical school teacher, wiio was born at Troutville, Brady township, Clearfield county, December 17, 1845, and was educated at Luthersburg and Curwensville. She is a daughter of William H. and Sarah A. (Peoples) Brisbin. who were natives of iKi.N. rvurs (jounoN AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 717 Center county. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Welty, namely: Sadie E., Ev- erett S., John B., Lillie I. J., and Frank D. Two of these, Sadie E. and Lillie I. J., are now deceased. Mr. Welty and family are members of the Lutheran church. Politically Mr. Welty is a Democrat and a very influen- tial member of his party. He has served in numerous public offices, has been jury commis- sioner and foreman of the grand jury in Clear- field county, has been school director and has been elected to almost every other township office, while for thirty years he has not only been a justice of the peace but also township clerk. He is a stockholder in the S. U. B. Telephone Company of Union township. His membership in Susquehanna Grange has been of long standing and he belongs also to the P. O. S. of A., and the Knights of Pythias. HON. CYRUS GORDON, senior member of the prominent law finn of Gordon and Boulton, at Clearfield, Pa., lias been an hon- ored resident of this city for forty years. He is a leading member of the bar and for a num- ber of years was president judge of Clearfield county. He is a representative of one of the old pioneer families of Pennsylvania, of Irish extraction, and was born on the old family homestead at Hecla Park, Center county, Pa., December i, 1846. His parents were James and May (Steel) Gordon, and his grandfather was Robert Gordon. Robert Gordon was born in county Ar- magh, Ireland. He came to America in 1788 and in the following year located in Center county. Pa., acquiring land in the rich Nit- tany Valley, where, as a farmer, he passed the remainder of his life. He had five children, two of them being born after he reached Cen- ter county. Before leaving Ireland he was married to Elizabeth Leslie. James Gordon, father of Judge Gordon, was born in Center county December 17, 1799. Farming was his occupation. He is recalled as a man possessing many sterling traits of character and which tended to make him an influential citizen in his section. His death took place December 17, 1868. He married a daughter of Robert and Rebecca (Dunlop) Steel, the latter being a daughter of James Dunlop, a colonel in the Revolutionary war. Mrs. Gordon was born in 1825, at Belief onte, Pa., and died July 20, 1895. To the above marriage ten children were born. One son, Robert, who was a soldier in the Civil war, died in 1863 at a hospital in ]\Iurfreesboro, -Tenn. All others of the family are deceased, except I. N. Gordon, who is connected with the Standard Oil Company of New York as manager of the \\'est India Oil Company, and Cyrus, subject of this sketch, who has re- mained a Pennsylvanian, not only by birth, but also by preference and since 1870 has lived at Clearfield. Cyrus Gordon was afforded better educa- tional opportunities than were many young men of his time, and in 1866, after several years of study there was graduated from the Pennsylvania State College, with the degree of Bachelor of Science. He was a trustee of the college, as a representative of the alumni for a great many years. After hfs graduation from the Pennsylvania State College he en- tered the University of Michigan and in 1869 was graduated from the law department of that institution with the degree of LL. B. He then came to Clearfield and this borough has been his home ever since. There has been lit- tle important litigation in the courts of the 718 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY county in which his professional services have not been in some way engaged. For the term of nineteen years prior to his election to the bench he was associated with Hon. Thomas H. Murray in the practice of law under the firm name of Murray and Gordon. In 1893 he was elected to the office of president judge of Clearfield county and during his term of service on the bench, his decisions demon- strated his learning, his true conception of law and liis unusually judicial cast of mind. After his term on the bench had expired he was for many years one of the solicitors of the Dairy and Food Division of the Department of Ag- riculture of Pennsylvania. Aside from his profession Judge Gordon has always been a vitally interested citizen in ail that relates to the well being of his community. He was reared in the Republican party and has never changed his political allegiance. Judge Gordon was married to Miss Mary R. Weaver, who was born at Clearfield and is a member of one of the leading families of this section. Four children have been born to them, namely: Dr. John W., Leslie Dunlop, James T., and Rebecca, the last mentioned be- ing now deceased. The eldest son. John W,. is a practicing physician at Clearfield. Judge and Mrs. Gordon are members of the Pres- byterian church. They reside at the corner of First and Market streets, Clearfield, their home being often the scene of pleasant social functions. Judge Gordon owns a fine fami of 200 acres at Hecla Park, Center county, where he was bom and reared. BALSAR HULLIHEN, one of the highly respected citizens of Bell township, now living retired at McGee's Mills, is probably one of the oldest millers in the county, having op- erated a grist mill at this place continuously for thirty-four years. He was born at New Lisbon, O., August 19, 1838, and is a son of Anthony and Susan Anna (Linderberry) HuUihen. Anthony HuUihen was born in Pennsyl- vania and accompanied the family to Ohio but later located at Clearfield. Pa., moved from there to Indiana county and from there to Bell township, Clearfield county, at each location following the blacksmith trade. His death oc- curred in Bell township, at the age of seventy- four years. He married Susan Anna Linder- berry, who was born in Germany but lived at the time of marriage, in Ohio. She died in 1868, aged fifty-four years. Three of their children survive, namely: Balsar; Mathias, who was a soldier in the Civil war, now lives in Greenwood township; and Conrad, who also is a farmer in that township. Grand- father Hullihcn was a native of Ireland. He was drowned in the Susquehanna river, near Williamsport, Pa. Balsar HuUihen worked during early man- hood at lumbering, and also learned the mill- ing business. In 1864 he enlisted for service in the Civil war, entering Co. F, 58th Pa. Vol. Inf., 3rd Brig., 3rd Div., 24th Army Corps, under the command of Gen. Benjamin F. But- ler. He served out his term of enlistment and was honorably discharged at Staunton, Va. Mr. HuUihen returned to Pennsylvania and located first at Bower, and then moved to Blair county, where he operated a hotel for two years and moved then to Three Springs, in Huntingdon county and came from there, in 1878, to McGee's Mills. Here he was en- gaged as a miller in the McGee Grist Mills, for more than thirty continuous years. He is one of the best known men in Bell township AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 719 and on numerous occasions has been elected to responsible township offices, in both Bell and Greenwood townships. Mr. Hullihen married Miss Mary C. Young, who was born in Indiana county, Pa., August 30, 1848, a daughter of Jacob and Mary Cath- erine (Hauck) Young, and they have five children and eight grandchildren, as follows : Elmer E., who lives at home and is in the rail- road service; Ermine, who is the wife of James Ross, of Colorado, and they have one child : Esther Dora, who is the wife of L. J. Jones, of Punxatawney, Pa., and they have two children; Frederick N., who lives at Punxatawney, married Mollie Davis and they have five children; and Martha M., who re- sides with her parents. Mr. Hullihen is one of the charter members of the G. A. R. Post at McGee's Mills. He belongs to the order of Eagles. In politics he is a Republican. HARRY J. SHOFF, who is one of the representative citizens of Ferguson township, Clearfield county. Pa., owns the farm of 100 acres on which he was born June 3, 1883, and is a son of C. J. and Annie E. (Glasgow) Shoff. C. J. Shoff, who, for many years has been a well known lumberman, was born August 3, 1843, at Hagerty Cross Roads, Clearfield county, and came to the farm above men- tioned three years after his marriage. He has always been active in the lumber industry and at the present time (1911) he is engaged in cutting timber in Somerset county, Pa. He married Annie E. Glasgow, who was born February 7, 1847, ^ daughter of John Glasgow. Nine children were born to this marriage, namely: Ella V., who married, Herbert Ma- haffey, a salesman residing in Boswell, Som- erset county; Clair J., who married Elizabeth Mott, of Burnside, residing in Olean, N. Y., employed in the service of Pennsylvania Rail- road Company for many years as electrician; Paul L., married Marie Moler, of Iron Gate, Va., died September 13, 1900, leaving his wife and two boys, who still reside in Iron Gate; G. L., who was still single at time of his death on March 26, 1907; was superintendent of the C. J. Shoff & Sons Lumber Co., in Som- erset county, and one of the Union Bargain Store Co., at Boswell; M. L., married Effie Whiteside; he is interested in lumbering and mercantile business at Boswell, Somerset county; H. C, not married, is also one of the partners in the Union Bargain Store of Bos- well ; F. J., not married, is employed by the Pennsylvania Railroad Company, and is now living in Olean, N. Y. ; Mary J., youngest of the family, is still single and living in Bos- well. The mother of the above mentioned family died March 8, 1904, and was buried at Glasgow. She was a member of the Lutheran church, to which her husband also belongs. Harry J. Shoff obtained his education in the public schools of Ferguson township, after which he was in the lumber business with his father and for three years they operated to- gether in Clearfield county. Since then he has devoted himself to farming, purchasing 100 acres of the homestead, his father retaining 100 acres, which remains his home, and he also owns several tracts of valuable coal land in Clearfield county. Mr. Shoff, of this sketch, also operates fifty acres of farm land owned by his wife. He keeps high grade cattle and carries on dairying on a small scale. He is one of the younger agriculturists of Ferguson township but is one of the most enterprising and successful. 720 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Mr. Shoff was married June 9, 1904, to Miss Ruby Z. Rowles, who was born in Green- wood township, Clearfield county, March 28, 1883, and is a daughter of John A. and Eleanor Rowles, formerly very prominent peo- ple in this section. The father of Mrs. Shoff died in 1897 and her mother in January, 1904, and their burial was at Lumber City. They were members of the United Presbyterian church. In politics, John. Rowles was a Dem- ocrat. Mr. and Mrs. Shoff have two chil- dren, Mary Lenore and Anna Glasgow. Mr. Shoff, as indicated above, is a wide-awake farmer and is an active member of Kerrmoor Grange, in which he holds the ofiice of over- seer. He is a Democrat in politics but has never accepted any township office except that of school director. He is a stockholder in the Ferguson & La Jose Telephone Company. WATSON LOWERY JOHNSTON, of tlic firm of W. L. Johnston & Son, real estate dealers, with quarters in the McEwen build- ing, DuBois, Pa., is one of the early residents of this borough and one of its representative men. He was born in Indiana county, Pa., September 4, 185 1, and is a son of Matthew and Jane (Barclay) Johnston. Matthew Johnston was born in Center county. Pa. He married Jane Barclay, who was born in Ireland and was an infant when her parents, Watson Lowery Barclay and wife, came to Center county. Eight children were born to Matthew and Jane Johnston, the only survivors of the family being \Vatson Lowery and an older brother, J. A. Johnston. Watson Lowery Johnston was reared on the home fann and attended the district schools. In 1873 he came to DuBois, or to Rumbarger, which was the early name of what was then a little lumber settlement. He opened a small grocery and confectionery store, one of the early business houses, and later engaged in building and contracting and by 1895 saw the wisdom of going into the real estate busi- ness which he expanded into so important an enterprise that in 1903 he admitted his son, George W. Johnston, as a partner. The firm subsequently bought the building in which they have ever since maintained their offices. As an additional business line, Mr. Johnston has been an auctioneer for many years and in this capacity is known all over this part of the state. He was one of the organizers of the first fire company at DuBois, in 1881, and sen-ed four years as its president. In 1889 the company was reorganized as the Union Fire Company and he served two years as president, and when the DuBois Volunteer Fire Department was organized in 1893. he again ser\ed one year as its presiding officer. It was through his public spirited efforts that the Firemen's Convention assembled at Du- Bois, August 21, 1894. Appreciation of his efforts was definitely shown, when, in 1895, lie was elected president of the Central Dis- trict Volunteer Fire Department. Mr. Johnston was married June 9. 1875, to ]\Iiss Wilhclmina Wise, a daughter of Michael A\'ise, and five children were born to tliem, three of whom survive, namely : George W. ; Catherine M., who is the wife of Dr. Hugh Morehead, of Erie, Pa. : and Nellie B.. who married John C. Carson, of DuBois, and they have one son, Daniel L. George \\'. Johnston, the junior member of the finn of W. L. Johnston & Son, was born at DuBois, April 13, 1876, and obtained a common scliool education. When fifteen years of age he became a clerk for J. C. Merriss, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 721 with whom he continued for five years and then learned the carpenter trade, which he fol- lowed until 1903, when he entered into part- nership with his father. Both members of this firm are able business men and both popu- lar citizens. W. L. Johnston is a Prohibition- ist. He is identified fraternally with the Hep- tasophs. With his family he belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church, in which, for some years, he was a local preacher. JOSEPH DAVIS, one of tlie well known, highly respected and responsible citizens of Penn township, who carries on general farm- ing, owns 147 acres of valuable land which lies in Penn township, one mile northwest of Grampian, Pa. He was born June 9, 1836, on what is now known as the Pentz farm, near Grampian, and is a son of Joseph and Rebecca (Moore) Davis. Joseph Davis, Sr., was born near Tyrone, Pa., a son of Elisha Davis who came to Penn- sylvania from Wales. Joseph Davis spent the early part of his life in Sinking Valley and then came to Penn township and purchased 150 acres, clearing about half of this property by his own industr}' and residing on it until his death. He married Rebecca Moore, who, like himself, had been reared in the Society of Friends and they belonged to this religious body all their lives. They were among the early members at Grampian, Pa., and their ashes rest in the cemetery connected with the church at that place. Joseph Davis was the eighth born in a fam- ily of ten children. His schooling was in Penn township, where he made the most of his op- portunities and even attended one term after he had reached his twenty-first year. Farm- ing and working in the woods at lumbering occupied his time until he purchased his pres- ent farm. He is one of the progressive and well informed farmers of Penn township and is a charter member of Penn Grange. Mr. Davis was married in 1862, to Eliza- beth Wall, who died May 4, 1909, her burial being in the Friends' cemetery at Grampian. She was a daughter of William and Sarah Wall, of Penn towmship. Five children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Davis, namely : Tru- man, who married Jennie Kester, a daughter of Lewis and Alice Kester, and they have six children — Alice, Joseph L., Beulah, Dorsey, Harold and Wilfred; Sarah Ann, who mar- ried W\ I. Wall, of Grampian, and they have four children — Earl, Lena, Eva and Carl; Mary, who is deceased, was the wife of Fred Smith and she is survived by three children — Elizabeth, Lulu and Clair; and Eva and Cora, twins, the former of whom is the wife of Clyde Kendall, and the latter the wife of Bruce Kendall. Joseph Davis is a prominent member of the Society of Friends and in 1904 was sent as a delegate to a convention of this church held at Toronto, Canada. In politics he is a Repub- lican and has served as auditor, treasurer and school director in Penn township. He is a stockholder in the Curwensville National Bank at Curwensville, Pa. AUSTIN BEATTY, one of the best known residents of Bell township, where he has lived many years, having settled on his present farm when twenty-one years of age, was born Octo- ber 19, 1844, in Indiana county, Pa., and is a son of James O. and Christianna (Miller) Beatty. James O. Beatty was born in 1819, in the old Beatty homestead in Indiana county, where 722 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY his parents, Joseph and Catherine (Orr) Beatty, had located when they came from Ire- land. In 1 85 1 he came to Bell township, set- tling on the old Samuel McGee farm, which he partly cleared and lived on until i860, when he moved to Chest Falls, where he re- sided for seven years. From there he moved to the present Beatty farm and during the re- mainder of his life was engaged in famiing and lumbering. His death occurred Septem- ber 25, 1 89 1. He was a member of the Meth- odist Protestant church. In politics he was a Democrat and on numerous occasions was elected to office. He married Christianna Mil- ler, who was born in October, 1819, a daugh- ter of John and Catherine (McLaren) Miller. Three children of James O. Beatty and wife still survive, namely : Austin ; Foster, who is a farmer in Bell township; and Huston, who lives in Clarion county, Pa. Austin Beatty was not more tlian twcKe years of age when he became his father's chief helper on the homestead and he assisted his parent until he was twenty-one years old, when he came to the farm he has occupied ever since. He was one of the first settlers in this section of the township, nortli of McGee's Mills, and built the first log cabin. He has followed general farming and lumbering since twenty-one years of age and has spent almost all his life here, his longest period of absence being when he served in the Civil war. He enlisted in 1864 in Co. H, 58th Pa. Vol. Inf., and was mustered out near Richmond, Va., where he Iiad been mainly detailed on picket duty, following the surrender of Gen. Lee. He then returned home and engaged in saw milling and farming. He has long been rec- ognized as one of the representative men of his township and his judgment is consulted and his opinion is asked in all public matters in his section. He is a Democrat in politics and has ser\'ed many terms as a school di- rector. On October 5, 1865, Mr. Beatty was mar- ried to Miss Rachel Young, who was born in Clarion county, Pa., in 1842, a daughter of Joseph and Mary (Hawk) Young, the former of whom died in 1856 and the latter in 1851. Tliey were natives of Butler county. Pa. Mrs. Beatty has one brother, Joseph Young, who lives in Indiana county. Mr. and Mrs. Beatty have had the following children : Clark, who is a farmer, married Letha Baker, and they have si.x children; Annis D., who is the wife of C. Flory, who works in the tannery at Ma- hafifey, and they have six children; Willis, who lives at Newtonburg, Pa., married Eliza- beth Stigers, and they have five children; John, who lives near Clearfield, married Myr- tle Coleman, and they have five children; and George, Mary and Ward, all three of whom are deceased. Mr. Beatty is a leading mem- ber of the Methodist Protestant church in Bell township and is one of the church trustees. FRANK GUINZBURG, was born at An- napolis, Md., September 2, 1863, and is a son of Adolph and Amelia (Wolf) Guinzburg. .'Vdolph Guinzburg came to Clearfield county in 1873 ^"d was engaged in the clothing and gents' furnishing business at Clearfield, for seventeen years, after which he moved to Yon- kers, N. Y., where he died in 1908. He was twice married, first to Amelia Wolf, who died at Philadelphia, the mother of five children, Frank being the third in order of birth. The second marriage was to Leontine Jonawitz, who resides at Yonkers, N. Y. Five children were also born to the second marriage. AND REPRESEXTATIVE CITIZENS Frank Guinzburg was ten years old when his father came with his family to Clearfield and there the boy completed his education in the public school that was then held in the old Methodist Episcopal church building, and in the Clearfield Academy, which was then under the superintendence of Miss Swan. At the age of fifteen years he started to learn the lock and gunsmith trade, under the late John E. Harder, with whom he remained for three years. In 1884 the business prospects of Du- Bois attracted him as it did other enterprising young men, and he found a good opening in the line of tobacco and sporting goods. He lost his stock, however, in the great fire which is still talked of by the older residents of Du- Bois, but immediately resumed business with a new stock, temporarily sharing a salesroom with W. H. Cannon, a shoe merchant. In January, 1904, Mr. Guinzburg bought the bus- iness of W. I. Hay, wholesale liquor dealer and continued also his other lines until 1906, when he sold out his tobacco and sporting goods and confined himself more closely to his other interests. His place of business is at No. 41 W. Long avenue, DuBois. He has other business interests than those mentioned, being a stockholder in the Union Banking and Trust Company, in the Hibner-Hoover Hard- ware Company, in the D. L. Corbett Dry Goods Company, all of DuBois, and also is interested in H. S. Hall & Co., retail shoe dealers, at Brockville, Pa. In all his under- takings he has shown great business foresight and is numbered with the capitalists of Du- Bois. In May, 1888, Mr. Guinzburg was married to Miss Millie A. Hay, who is a daughter of W. E. and Anna (Dunsten) Hay, and they have two children : Roland H. and Frances A. They are enjoying as excellent educational advantages as an indulgent father can give them. Roland H. graduated with credit from the DuBois High School in 1907 and is a member of the class of 191 1 in the University of Pennsylvania. The daughter, Frances A., is a student at Elkins Park, Pa., being a pupil in the exclusive Ogontz Girls' School. Mr. Guinzburg is a man of social instincts as may be inferred by his membership in numerous fraternal and social organizations, among which may be mentioned : the Elks, the Ea- gles, the Moose and the Owl Club. FRED PILKINGTON, coal operator and senior member of the firm of Pilkington & Ellery, operating the Coaldale mines. No. 14, at Grampian, Pa., was born November 7, 1866, in England, and the only child living of his father's first marriage. He is a son of Thomas and Elizabeth (Beckett) Pilkington. who came to America from England in 1868, locating at Powelton, Pa., then moved to Phil- ipsburg, where Elizabeth Pilkington died. Thomas Pilkington returned to England in 1873 and while there married Mary Hello- well and before they returned to America, in 1879, two of their seven children had been born. Their family was as follows : Wil- liam, John, Ernest, Joseph, Thomas, Margaret and Esther, and of these Joseph is deceased. Thomas Pilkington was an experienced coal miner and for twenty years was mine fore- man for Jackman & Ellsworth. He then em- barked in the hotel business at Chester Hill, Clearfield count3^ Pa., and continued until his death, at the age of fifty-nine years, and his burial was at Philipsburg. His widow resides at South Philipsburg. Mr. Pilkington be- came an ardent Democrat and was deeply in- 724 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTY terested in public questions and public men. During the presidential campaign preceding his death, he was elected a delegate to receive Hon. William J. Bryan and his meeting with the distinguished politician was a proud mo- ment of his life. Fred Pilkington was educated at Philips- burg and after school he entered the coal mines. In 1896 he became mine foreman for the Morrisdale Coal Company's shaft Xo. i, at Morrisdale, later at the Royal Mines, at Munson, Pa., for the Jones estate, and later was with several other mining companies, and then came to Grampian as superintendent of the Coaldale Mining Company. In 1908, with a partner, Mr. EUery, Mr. Pilkington bought the interests of this company and is half owner and superintendent. He is also interested in the Grampian Supply Store at Grampian. On September i, 1897, Mr. Pilkington was married to Miss Carrie B. Shields, a daughter of Alexander Shields of Morris township, and they have three children : Elizabeth, Ralph and Dorothy. Mr. Pilkington was reared in the Episcopal church. He is not very active in politics but he takes much interest in the Masonic fraternity, of which he is a member. HENRY STAGNER, general farmer and representative citizen in Bell township, where he is serving on the school board, was born at Troutville, in Brady township, Clearfield county. Pa., November 28, 1850, and is a son of Jacob and Phillipina (Alleman) Stagner. The parents of Mr. Stagner were born in Germany and they came to America on the same ship. The father died September i, 1879, at the age of sixty-seven years. He bought wild land in Brady township, Clearfield county, which he cleared and later cultivated until the close of his life. He was a man of honest impulses and was worthy in every way. He married Phillipina Alleman, a daughter of Philip Alleman, and the following members of their family still survive : Henry ; Daniel, who lives at Xewtonburg; Jacob, who lives at Banner Ridge; and Samuel, who lives in Bell township. Henry Stagner went to school in the neigh- borhood of his father's farm and afterward helped in its clearing and cultivating. He then learned the shoemaking trade and worked at the same until 1877, when he purchased his present farm. He had the land to clear of timber and for a number of years was obliged to work early and late, giving attention to the impro\ing of his property and when fann work was not possible, continued to follow shoe- making. In the panic of 1873 he had lost all his savings, but through his knowledge of this excellent trade he was able to again become independent. He sold shingles in order to buy leather which he made up into substantial footwear and peddled the same in the lumber and logging camps, walking with his product from camp to camp. Mr. Stagner displayed the resourcefulness in rebuilding his fortunes that has characterized him through life and since 1882 has been able to take things much easier. Mr. Stagner married Miss Theresa Parrish, w^ho was born in Cambria county, Pa., a daughter of L. J. and Martha (Kuntz) Par- rish, and a granddaughter of John Parrish and his wife, Mary McKenzie, who were early settlers in Cambria county. The mother of Mrs. Stagner was born in Germany and was three years old when her parents settled in Cambria county. She died August 22. 1901, aged seventy-five years. Mr. Parrish was born AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 725 February 13, 1823, and died in October, 1908. Mr. and Mrs. Stagner have six children Hv- ing and two dead: Martha, who is the wife of J. C. Withrow and they live at Beaverdale and have five children; Rose, who married I. Faust, of Beaverdale, and they have two chil- dren; Stella, who is the wife of Robert Nel- son, of Beaverdale. and they have two chil- dren; Sabina, who is a trained nurse, at Pitts- burg; Eva, who is a teacher; Ruth, who is the youngest, lives at home ; and Mary Emma and Bessie Ann are deceased. Mrs. Stagner is a member of the Catholic church. In politics he is a Democrat. DAVID BRESSLER, general farmer and representative citizen of Pike township, re- sides on his farm of sixty-two acres which is situated three and one-half miles southwest of Curwensville, Pa., and he has been a lifelong resident of this part of Pennsylvania. He was born in Huntingdon county, April 7, 1830. When twenty-one years old, Mr. Bressler came to Clearfield county and was with his brother for four years on a farm and after- ward worked one year with him as a black- smith and then married and during the fol- lowing year lived on his father-in-law's farm. From there he moved to Chestnut Ridge and bought his present farm from Robert Addle- man. It was known as the old Price fami and the land was not considered in very good con- dition at that time but under Mr. Bressler's excellent methods it has been greatly im- proved and yields very satisfactory crops of wheat and oats. He has a valuable coal bank open, the vein being eighteen inches thick, but he is not selling, merely working for his own use. There is also a fine vein of fire clay on the land which has not yet been developed. Mr. Bressler was forced to make some im- provements in the buildings but the old farm house is still comfortable although it was erected 100 years ago. Mr. Bressler still has ten acres of woodland on the place. On January 7, 1857, Mr. Bressler was mar- ried to Miss Jane Elizabeth Passmore, who was born at Curwensville, July 28, 1839, a daughter of George C. and Mary Ann (Hart- sock) Passmore. Mr. and Mrs. Bressler have had the following children : Margaret, who is deceased, was the wife of Robert Bloom, also deceased ; George, who lives in Curwens- ville, married Ida Hammond; Mary Emma, who died when aged five years ; Franklin, who lives at Patton, Pa., married Delia Turner, who is deceased; Ezekiah, who is a resident of Curwensville; Fannie, who is the wife of Ed- ward Thomas, of Patton, Pa. ; Jennie, who is the wife of William Walker, of Clearfield county; James E., who is in business at Houtz- dale, married Dortha Boaring; Lavinia, who is deceased, was the wife of Samuel Cruik- shank; John T., who lives at home and assists his father; Edith, who is the wife of Steward McCollough, of Huntingdon; and Viola, who is the wife of G. Welt, of Curwensville. Mr. Bressler and wife are members of the Primi- tive Methodist church. In his political views he is an independent with strong leanings to- wards the Prohibition party. He has never cared for public office but served acceptably through one term as road supervisor. GEORGE H. SLOPPY, proprietor of one of the largest and most modem hostelries of DuBois, Pa., the Hotel Logan, which is cen- trally located at No. 120 N. Brady street, is a representative business man of this borough and a member of one of the old Clearfield 726 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUXTV county families. He was born at DuBois, Pa., July 26, 1879, and is a son of Milton J. and Mary (Hout) Sloppy. Milton J. Sloppy was bom in Clearfield county in 1855, his father having located here in his early manhood. Milton J. Sloppy ope- rated the stage line between DuBois and Cur- wensville before the railroad was completed and was probably as well known as any man in this section. He also filled out a long ser- vice as town constable, for eighteen years be- ing the only officer of that kind at DuBois. His death occurred on New Year's Day, 1906. He married Mary Hout, who still survives, making her iiome with her son, George H. She was born in Jefferson county, Pa., of Ger- man parentage. To iMilton J. and Mary Sloppy six children were born, namely: W'il- laim, Harry and George; Baryl, who is the wife of John Irwin; Grace, who died in in- fancy; and Lela, who is a student in the Du- Bois High School. George H. Sloppy attended the DuBois pul> lic schools and after leaving the High School entered tlie employ of John E. DuBois, and worked in the latter's box factory for five years and while there was given the nickname of Dudley, by his comrades, by which he is known to many of his friends. From the box factory, Mr. Sloppy went to work in the tan- nery operated by Mr. DuBois and A. R. Van Tassel, where he was employed for nine years, after which he accepted a position as clerk in his present place of business, the hotel being tlien under tiie management of James Cham- bers. In igo6 Mr. Sloppy became manager and owner and in 1909 he remodeled the en- tire building and equipped it with all modern improvements. It is now a beautiful brick structure, with fifty-five sleeping apartments. one of the finest lobbies and writing rooms in any hotel in the place, with a cuisine that is unexcelled and with close attention paid to the comfort of every guest. Mr. Sloppy is very moderate in his charges, his rates being from $1.50 to $2 per day. He is an active citizen, being a member of the DuBois Business Men's Exchange and is interested in everything that promises to add to the commercial advance- ment of this prosperous borough. Politically he is a Republican and fraternally he is iden- tified with tile Elks and the Eagles. MRS. LUELLA BLOOM, a lady who is well known for her many admirable ciualities as well as her business qualifications, resides on her very valuable farm of 100 acres, whicii is situated three miles south of Clearfield, Pa. She is the widow of the late \Y. Sloss Bloom, and a daughter of A. A. and Jcrusha (Bloom) Kelley. Mrs. Bloom was born near Bloomington, Pa., and was educated at Lumber City and in the Pine Grove schoolhouse, in Lawrence township. Her father was a native of Lumljer City, where he was married and he and his wife lived on a farm near by, on which lie died at the age of sixty-eight years, and was buried at Bloomington. His wife is still liv- ing and resides at Curwensville. They were members of the Presbyterian church. Five children were born to them, namely: Luella, who is Mrs. Bloom ; Lavert, married to Qara Brooks, of Curwensville; Mary, who conducts a photographic gallery at Curwensville; Eliz- abetii, who is the wife of Wesley Milligan, of Curwensville: and Frank, a resident of Cur- wensville, who married Mary Daugherty. In h'ebruary, 1890, Luella Kelley was mar- ried to W. Sloss Bloom, who died in Decern- J. M. (UUNKLV. M. I). AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 729 ber, 1906, at the age of fifty-five years. His burial was in the Bloomington cemetery, un- der the direct charge of the order of Eagles and the Grange, of Clearfield, he having been a prominent member of both organizations. He was a son of David E. and Mary (Sloss) Bloom. After marriage, Mr. and Mrs. Bloom went to housekeeping on the present farm which they bought from John F. Read and was known in the neighborhood as the Joseph Tait farm. All the attractive and substantial buildings were built by Mr. and Mrs. Bloom. He was an excellent business man and in ad- dition to general agriculture, including some stock raising, opened up a fine coal bank, a 42- inch vein which has been very profitable. More recently a new 32-inch vein has been • opened. Since taking charge of the place Mrs. Bloom has shown excellent business capacity and every branch of the farm industries is in a flourishing condition. Her residence is a model of comfort and she has recently in- stalled a telephone. Four children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Bloom, all of whom still live at home: Kay, Guy, Wava and Hazel, the two younger ones being students in the Clover Hill School. Mrs. Bloom and children are members of the Pres- byterian church, to which Mr. Bloom was also attached. He was a stockholder in the Farm- ers' and Traders' Bank at Clearfield. J. M. CORNELY, M. D., who is engaged in the practice of medicine at Madera, Pa., is a native of this place, born November 12, 1877. He is a son of James and Christina (Bowers) Cornely, the former of whom is now deceased. J. M. Cornely was educated in the public schools of Madera and the Lock Haven Nor- mal School, spending two years in this insti- tution, after which he became a clerk in a gen- eral merchandise store at Madera and contin- ued for eighteen months. In the meanwhile he devoted some time to medical study and then entered Jefferson Medical College, Phil- adelphia, where he was graduated in the class of 1907. For one year he practiced in the Williamsport Hospital, where he had wide e.x- perience, and then returned to his native place and established his office. He has built up a substantial practice and enjoys the confidence of the people in his professional skill. Dr. Cornely was married December 29, 1909, to Miss Blanche Minds, a daughter of James H. and Julia Minds, residents of Beu- lah, Clearfield county, and they have one daughter, Margaret. Dr. and Mrs. Cornely attend the Presbyterian church. Politically he is a Republican and has served one term as town clerk. He is identified fraternally with the Masons at Osceola; the L. O. O. M. at Houtzdale; and the I. O. R. M., at Madera. DALLAS PATRICK, general farmer, who has resided on his present home place in Bell township, for the past thirty-three years, is also an honored veteran of the great Civil war, to which he gave three years of his young manhood and suffered from many of its haz- ards. He was bom at Cherry Tree, Clearfield county. Pa., in 1846, and is a son of James and Eliza (Rummell) Patrick. James Patrick was a son of James Patrick, and was born in Ireland. He was a child when his parents brought him to America. He was reared in Lancaster and Cambria counties. Pa., and came from the latter county in 1839, settling near Cherry Tree, where he followed farming and lumbering during all his active life. His death occurred April i, 1879, at the 730 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY age of seventy-one years. He married Eliza Runimell, who died in 1886, aged eighty-four years. Dallas Patrick had but meager school op- portunities. He gave his father help on the farm and also worked in the woods until the outbreak of the Civil war. He was only a stripling of si.xteen years when, in September. 1861, he enlisted for service, entering Co. A, nth Pa. Reserve Corps, Army of the Po- tomac, under General Meade. Three years of the hardest kind of service followed. At Spottsylvania Court House, he was wounded and again at Cold Harbor, in 1864, and on August 18, 1864. he was captured by the Con- federates at the Weldon Railroad. He was one of the unfortunates who were compelled to spend six months of suffering in Libby Prison and at Belle Isle. He was finally re- leased and after his discharge returned home to Cherry Tree. It was some time before he. regained his strength that prison life had sapped but a good constitution conquered and in the course of time he went back to lumber- ing in which he has been considerably inter- ested ever since. From Indiana county he came to Bell township. Clearfield county, in 1889. and has resided here ever since. He is well known all over this section. He recalls old times in a very entertaining way and his stories of the early days in the lumber camps are exceedingly interesting. He at one time made a record in hauling, while in Jefferson county, transporting at one time i.ioo pounds of hemlock bark. It was an unusual feat and created much comment all through the lum- ber regions. Mr. Patrick was married October 29. 1873, to Miss Sarah A. Weaver, who was born Oc- tober 6. 1848, in Jefferson county. Pa., a daughter of Jesse and Mary Ann (Magee) Weaver. The father of Mrs. -Patrick died in 1901. aged seventy-one years, and the mother in 1882. Mr. and Mrs. Patrick have seven children, namely : Harry A., who was born January 29, 1875, resides at home; Mary Ann, who was born August 22, 1877, is the wife of D. B. Dunlap, of Blairsville, Pa., and they have four children; John Franklin, who was born May 2, 1881, lives at Blairsville, married Elizabeth Connell, and they have one child ; Bessie Gertrude, who was born Janu- ary 24, 1884, is the wife of H. N. Kerr, of Blairsville, and they have two children; Elsie Maria, who was born June 23, 1886, is the wife of Frank P. Beatty, of Blairsville; Eliza- beth Nell, who was born July 8, 1889, is a graduate of the Normal School at Bumside. and is a successful teacher; and Frances Jeanette. who was born September 25. 1896. is a student. Mrs. Patrick taught scliool nine terms before her marriage. She is a member of the M. P. church at Newtonburg. Mr. Patrick is a Democrat at present in his po- litical attitude. He recalls the great interest he took during slavery days, being then in close sympathy with the Abolition movement although only a boy at the time. He is a val- ued member of the Grand Army of the Re- public, being identified with the post at Al- toona, Pa. He has served three terms as a member of the Bell township school board and has always taken a good citizen's interest in the welfare of his section. J. LEWIS LEIB, who is proprietor of the largest drug store at Curwensville, Pa., is a representative citizen of this borough, inter- ested in its commercial prosperity and its pub- lic affairs. He was born September 14, 1869, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 731 at Sherwood, Md., and is a son of Thomas and Mary H. Leib. Thomas Leib for thirty-four years was identified with the Pennsylvania Railroad, in the Baltimore offices. He also owned a farm of 212 acres, in York county. Pa., to which he retired and on which he was living at the time of his death, in February, 1905. Follow- ing this event the farm was sold, his widow coming then to Curwensville, where she still lives. Thomas Leib was a man of sterling character. He was identified with the Prohi- bition party. With his wife he belonged to the Methodist Episcopal church. Three chil- dren were born to Thomas and Mary H. Leib, namely: Harry L., who resides near Stew- artstown, York county; Delia, who is the wife of Dr. Harry Hooven, of Hartford, Pa. ; and J. Lewis, of Curwensville. J. Lew'is Leib attended Stewartstown Acad- emy and after he had decided to enter the drug business, he attended Maryland College at Baltimore, where he was graduated in phar- macy. From there he came to Curwensville and became a clerk for a Mr. Reeser, then in the drug business here, and finally bought an interest and afterward bought his present build- ing on State street, of Mrs. Joseph R. Irwin, where he has conducted a first class drug store ever since. Mr. Leib was married April 20, 1897, to Miss May Dixon Kemp, a daughter of Maj. Thomas Kemp, of Baltimore, Md., and they have three children : Kemp, Gretchen and Mildred. Mr. and Mrs. Leib are members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he is one of the trustees. Mr. Leib has other business interests aside from his drug store and is interested in a flourishing building and loan association. In politics he is a Repub- lican and he has been a member of the bor- ough council for two years. Fraternally he is a Mason and an Odd Fellow. MACK DAVIDSON, who carries on gen- eral farming in Bell township, owning what is generally agreed to be one of the best tilled and most productive farms in this section, be- longs to an old county family and was born on the Davidson homestead, February 22, 1863, a son of Joseph H. and Mary Jane (Henderson) Davidson. Mr. Davidson has three brothers: Frank M., residing in Bell township; James M., residing at Bradford, Pa.; and Thomas M., living at Mahaffey. Mack Davidson started out to take care of himself when only thirteen years of age and has been successfully engaged in the same way ever since. He worked for strangers and by the time he was twenty-four years old not only had secured a fair education but a wide circle of friends and enough capital to make him feel justified in marrying. His parents had died when he was only five years old and his older brother, Alexander, took charge of him. When only a boy he engaged in hauling lum- ber and managed a team of horses so that neither they nor the commodities transported were in any way endangered. After mar- riage he bought his present farm and has so improved it and carefully and intelligently cul- tivated it that it has become one of the most valuable properties in Bell township. Mr. Davidson was married to Miss Jenny Reed, who was bom September 5, 1869, in Green township, Indiana county. Pa., a daugh- ter of A. and Elizabeth (Buterbaugh) Reed, the former of whom died in 1884 and the lat- ter in 1896. Mrs. Davidson has six brothers and sisters living. Her great-grandfather, 732 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY John Buterbaugh, was born in Huniingdon county, Pa., August 3, 1799, and died aged ninety-six years and six montlis. He accom- panied his parents to Indiana county in 183 1, where he married Elizabeth Learn, a member of an old pioneer family of Clearfield county. In 1894, at the age of ninety-five years, Mr. Buterbaugli celebrated his anniversary, gath- ering about him all of his living descendants, and when he died in the following year, was survived by fifty-seven grandchildren and fif- ty-six great-grandchildren. In early days he was a Whig in politics and later a Republican, and he served two terms as a justice of the peace. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson have had the following children: Harry M., who married Goldie Staggers and they have one child; Mer- rill, who is deceased ; Howard, who is a gen- eral laborer; and Zoe, Neil, Stella, Fay and Reed, the last named being a baby of one year. In politics Mr. Davidson is a Democrat and is a very loyal party worker. He is serving in his third term as township supervisor and has also been overseer of the poor. He is one of Bell township's respected and representative citizens. WILLIAM F. KRACH, who is associated with his father, Frederick Krach, in a hotel business at DuBois, Pa., under the firm name of F>ederick Krach & Son, proprietors of the Keystone Hotel, has been a resident of this borough since he was ten years of age. He was born December 5, 1880, in Schuylkill county. Pa., and is a son of Frederick and Minnie (Fredenberger) Krach. Frederick Krach was born in Gemiany, De- cember 3, 1845, and was reared on a farm. When he reached the legal age for military service, he entered the German army and par- ticipated in the War of 187 1, and during his absence, the death of his first wife occurred. In 1875 he came to America and located first at Tamaqua, Pa., where he started into the hotel business, opening the Krach House there, which he conducted until he came to DuBois, in 1890, where he bought the Terp House, from Richard Evans. It contained twenty-four bed rooms and was situated on Brady street and the regular rate was $1.50 per day. That hotel Mr. Krach subsequently sold to Pierson & Logan and then bought the Globe Restaurant, which he conducted for six months. Mr. Krach then showed his confi- dence in the business future of DuBois by fur- ther investment, becoming the owner of prop- erty on which he erected the Keystone Hotel, which stands at Nos. 337-339-341 W'. Long avenue. He oi>ened for business in 1894 and has been liberally patronized. He has sixteen bed-rooms and all other apartments necessary for the comfort and convenience of guests and his charges are one dollar per day. In 1906 he admitted his son, William 1"". Krach, to partnership, under the firm name as above mentioned. Mr. Krach was married second, in Schuylkill county, Pa., to Minnie Freden- berger. who died in 1893, aged fifty-three years. She also was a native of Germany and was a most estimable woman. Seven children were born to this marriage, as follows : Gott- leib; Millie; Carolina, who is the wife of J. R. Ferguson; William F. ; George; Elsie, who is the wife of William Stephenson, of Pitts- burg, Pa. ; and Lulu, who is the wife of Wayde Bloom. With the exception of Mrs. Vonlear and Mrs. Stephenson, Mr. Krach has all his children settled near him, at DuBois. William F. Krach obtained his education in the public schools of DuBois and then entered AXD REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 733 the employ of his father, with whom he has ever since continued, in 1906 becoming his partner and gradually relieving the father of the responsibilities of management. On Sep- tember 16, 1901, Mr. Krach was married to Miss Lilly May Shaffer, a daughter of Isaac Shaffer, of DuBois, and they have four chil- dren : William, Lillian, Helen and Clarence. Mr. Krach is a member of the Lutheran church. He belongs to the DuBois lodges of the Knights of Pythias and the Eagles. He is numbered with the borough's able young busi- ness men. JOHN C. DIEHL, justice of the peace, a general fanner in Chest township, and a lead- ing factor in Democratic politics in this sec- tion, was born August 28, 1861, in Greenfield township, Blair county. Pa., and is a son of Samuel and Mary (Mock) Diehl, and a grand- son of John Diehl," whose father had founded the family in Blair county. Samuel Diehl was born April 19, 1839, in Greenwood township, Blair county, where he followed farming and lumbering until 1886, when he came to Clearfield county and estab- lished a blacksmith shop and to some extent continued to be interested in lumbering in Chest township. His death occurred January 2, 1910, while visiting a son at Tyrone. He was a member of the Lutheran church. He married Mary Mock, who was born in May, 1840, and was a daughter of Joseph and Mary Mock, who were born in Bedford County, Pa., and a granddaughter of Mary Ritchie. To Samuel Diehl and wife the following children were born: George M., of Cambria County; Joseph, of Tyrone, Pa. ; Fred, of Chest Town- ship: Frank, of Beccaria Township: Edward, of Irvona, Pa. ; Blair, of Jordan Township : Mary Jane, wife of E. Kearns, of Cambria County; Catherine, wife of E. F. Claar, of Bedford County; and Rosanna M., wife of George Arford, of Puritan, Pa. John C. Diehl attended school through boy- hood in Blair County and for some thirteen years afterward was engaged in work in the woods near Altoona and then engaged in lum- bering and farming on the Frank Campbell place in Chest Township. He then moved to Wilson Run and built a sawmill there which he subsequently sold and in 1893 built a second mill, near North Camp, which he operated for three years. After selling that mill he settled down to farming on his present place in Chest Township, where he has a well improved prop- erty and is in the enjo>aiient of a large degree of comfort. Mr. Diehl was married to Miss Margaret Miles, who was born in May, 1866, in Jordan Township, Clearfield County, and is a daughter of George I. and Elizabeth (Leonard) Miles, who came from Center County to Clearfield County and settled in Chest Township. To Mr. and Mrs. Diehl eleven children were born, namely: Samuel M., wdio lives in Cambria County, married Cora McGarvey, and they have one child; Jonas who assists his father; Ward, who is a resident of Irvona, Pa. ; and Dana K., Mary Elizabeth, Evida A., Robert L., Ralph, Laura J., Melvin G. and Chester Calvin, all of whom are residing at home. Mr. Diehl has been an active and interested citizen ever since coming to Chest Township. He has always endeavored to bring about im- provement and progress in the public schools and has served on the school board at different times, has also been constable and township supervisor, and in 1907 was elected a justice of the peace in Chest Township. 734 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ARCHER DAVIDSON, general merchant, at Curwensville, Pa., where he is interested in some of the borough's most important business enterprises, has been a hfelong resident of Clearfield County. Mr. Davidson started in the general store business in March, i8g8, as an interested part- ner with Ross Bros. & Davidson, at Curwens- ville. The business name changed to Thomp- son & Davidson when John I. Thompson be- came a purchaser, and he in turn sold to Ham- mond, Berkey & Co., Mr. Davidson becoming the manager and continued in that relation until 1907. when he organized the Bickford Store Company and the Bickford Meat Market. The Bickford firm controlling this united busi- ness, the second largest in the mercantile line at Curwensville, consists of the following men of capital and prominence : Archer Davidson, Dr. J. A. Woodside; and S. M. Bickford. This firm occupies the corner of State and Wal- nut Streets, Curwensville, in the heart of the business district, and their trade is drawn from a large outside territory, their customers find- ing it to their advantage to patronize this es- tablishment rather than to send their capital farther away. Mr. Davidson was married to Miss Dora F. Thompson, a daughter of Watt H. Thompson, of Curwensville. Mr. and Mrs. Davidson are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Republican but is far more of a business man than pany called the St. Law- rence Broom & Manufacturing Company, of West Virginia, owning and operating one of the largest and heaviest timber tracts in the state of West Virginia, consisting of 86,000 acres. The company called St. Lawrence Broom & Manufacturing Company consisted of eight partners, Mr. Mahaffey being one of the directors. He still owns considerable tim- ber land, besides other real estate. In 1902 Mr. Mahaffey was also one of the founders of the First National Bank of Cherr\- Tree, of which he is still a director. He was a foun- der and president of the Cherry Tree Electric Light Company, and founder and a director '■>i the Cherry Tree Water Company. He has also valuable coal interests in this vicinity. .As will be seen Mr. Mahaffey has been a man of wide and strenuous activities, though now re- tired from active business life. In 1876 he united with the Methodist Protestant church of Cherrj' Tree but afterward united with the Presbyterian church, and has for many years been active in Sabbath school work, serving now as president of District No. 2, of Indiana county. Mr. Mahaffey was fomierly a Re- publican in politics, but has joined what is known as the Keystone party. In 1909 he made a special trip to visit the old home of the Mahaffey family at Dublin, Ireland. On this occasion he gathered valuable data in regard to the ancestral history of the Mahaft'ey's, a subject in which he is much interested, as dur- ing a year or more he has been engaged in com- piling a history of the family that will be of much interest and value when completed. He is president of an organized society that holds annua! reunions of the Mahaffey clan each year. They meet this year, igi i, in the city of Williamsport, the home of Thomas Mahaffey, who came from Donegal county, Ireland, and settled here in 1723. Mr. Mahaffey married Julia Jane, eldest daughter of Col. Clark and Hettie (Graham) Patchin, and he and his wife have been the parents of children as follows: John C, born September 18. 1877, is cashier in the Cherry Tree Bank. He married Mary Beyer, daugh- ter of Dr. Beyer of Punxatawney, Pa. Leroy, born October 10, 1879, is a denti.st following his profession in Pittsburg. Graham Gar- field, born July 28, 1881, is deceased. Hettie Ellen, horn November 2. 1883, is unmarried and resides at home. Boyd Tuttle. born .April AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 757 20, 1886, is superintendent for the Pennsyl- vania Coal Co., at Amsbry, Cambria county, Pa. Crissie C, born January 27, 1888, is re- siding at home. Mrs. Julia J. Mahaffey, the mother of the above mentioned children, died October 3, 1894. She was an earnest Christian woman, and an active member of the Methodist church, which she joined at the age of 14 years. Mr. Mahaffey was again married, De- cember 18, 1902, to Sarah Edmonson, of Glassport, Pa., and she resides with her hus- band in Cherry Tree. She is a lady highly es- teemed, and is a very earnest church and Sab- bath school worker. JAMES MAHAFFEY, proprietor of the Hotel Windsor, situated on the corner of Market and Third streets, Clearfield, Pa., is a representative citizen of Clearfield county, of which he formerly was sheriff. He belongs to one of the old settled county families and was born November 4, 1843, at the village of Mahaffey, which was named in honor of his father, in Clearfield county. Pa. His parents were Robert and i\Iary (McGee) Mahaffey. Robert Mahaffey was born in Lycoming county. Pa., and was a young man when he accompanied his father, William Mahaffey, to Clearfield county. The latter was a pioneer of the best class, energetic and enterprising, and made the earliest improvements at what is now Burnside, Clearfield county. He was a farmer and lumberman during his active years and lived to be an octogenarian. His eight children, bearing the following names, are all deceased : William, Robert, James, John, Thomas, Moses, Hannah and Jane. Robert Mahaffey equaled his father in enterprise. He engaged also in lumbering and later cleared up a large farm in Bell township and also con- ducted a general store and in addition, oper- ated a mill. His various enterprises prospered and each one assisted in the developing of the other and ere long many settlers had been at- tracted to his neighborhood, a village resulted and in his honor was named for the man of energy and progress, who had had the fore- sight to select this certain section of the wil- derness as his place of investment. Robert Mahaffey continued to live at Mahaffey until the close of a long and busy life, his death oc- curring in 1900, at the age of eighty-six years. Robert Mahaffey was married first to Mary McGee, who was survived by three children : William; James; and Mary, who became the wife of John Byers. Robert Mahaffey was married a second time, to Catherine Johnston, who resides at Mahaffey. Seven children were born to the later marriage, namely : Rob- ert F. Emery, who is deceased ; Elizabeth, who is the widow of George M. Ferguson, who formerly was register and recorder in Clear- field county; Nancy Jane, who is the wife of George W. Jose, of La Jose, Clearfield county; Alice, who is the wife of Frank K. Patterson, of Pittsburgh; Elsie, who is the wife of Bert Galatley, of Pittsburg; and Harry B., who re- sides with his mother on the old home place. The old homestead at the present time is owned by Robert F. Mahaffey and Harry B. Mahaffey. It was one of the first farms in Clearfield county cleared from the forest and is situated at the mouth of Chest Creek, on the Susquehanna river, the town site of Mahaffey. Valuable veins of coal and fire clay underlay ihe homestead and the surrounding property, all of which is very valuable. James Mahaffey attended the public schools of Mahaffey and in 1864 became a student in 758 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY the Iron City College, Pittsburg, where he re- mained one year. When lie turned his atten- tion to business he found it practicable and profitable for him to engage in lumbering and he continued in this industr)' until 1905. For many years he also owned a valuable farm in Bell township, which he improved with hand- some buildings, but later disposed of it. In 1879 he was elected sheriff of Clearfield county, on the Democratic ticket and served with marked efficiency until 1883, retiring from office with tiie good will of all his fellow citizens with the e.xception of those who, in his official capacity, he had been forced to treat as law-breakers. He had many experiences in the line of public duty but discharged his often troublesome obligations with fidelity and with- out any flavor of sensationalism. In 1884, Sheriff Mahafifey built the Windsor Hotel, a brick structure containing forty-five sleeping apartments and equipped throughout with all niodern conveniences. He is a model host and his friends and patrons are in every part of the county. His table is supplied directly from his own truck farm, lying on the edge of Clear- field, and the traveling public is very apprecia- tive of these luxuries. Mr. Mahafifey owns considerable real estate in the east end of Clearfield, which he has greatly improved, and also owns realty at Mahafifey and at Chicago, III., and at Long Island, N. Y. Mr. Mahafifey was married in 1872, to Miss Jane Thompson, who died July 3, 1898. Seven children sun-ived, namely: James Guj-, who married Agnes Hunter; Robert Paul; Mal- colm A., who married Lorilla Gaylor; Eugene, who married Bertha Flood; Charles, who married Goldie Reed; Daisy, who is the wife of Chester Heller; and Huston P. Albert and Walter died young. Mr. Mahafifey is a Thir- ty-second degree Mason and belongs also to the Odd Fellows, the Elks and the Moose. C. P. ROWLES, one of Clearfield county's representative and substantial citizens, who resides on his farm of 166 acres, sit- uated in Pike township, two miles from Cur- wens ville, owns also a farm of 2CX5 acres which lies in Lawrence township. He was born in Lawrence township. Clearfield county, Pa., September 19, 1846, and is a son of Titus Harr>' Rowles and a grandson of John Rowles, the latter of whom was one of the pio- neers in Lawrence township, where all of his children were born. Titus Harry Rowles had but little schooling but nevertheless developed into a shrewd busi- ness man and a sensible and useful citizen. He engaged in farming and owned fifty acres of land, which his son, C. P., now owns, and spent his life in its cultivation. He was a Democrat in politics and at dififerent times was elected to township offices in which he sen-ed honestly and efficiently. He was a leading member of the Baptist church in Lawrence township. His death occurred April 15, 1865, and his burial was in the Bloomington ceme- tery. He married Susanna Arthur, a daugh- ter of John Arthur, of Jefiferson county. Pa. She died April 20, 1885, and her burial was by the side of her husband. They had the fol- lowing children : Joanna, who is the widow of James Norris; Lucinda, who is deceased, was the wife of Reese Trude; Samuel, who resides in Lawrence township; Eliza, who is the wife of Jonathan Bowman, of Pike township; Rob- ert, who lives in Pike township; C. P.; Lewis, wlio is deceased, who married Anna Cathcart; John, who married Lydia Curry, and lives in Lawrence township; and George W., who AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 759 married Mary Harbaugh, and lives in Knox township. C. P. Rowles was nine years old before he had an opportunity to go to school and then received his first instruction at Crooked Run, where a small building was utilized, one that may be compared to the structure in which he at present houses his winter coal. After that he attended the Montcalm school and then the pupils were expected to be on hand six days in the week. Afterward he began to work at lumbering and continued it as a side line, until 1902, although farming has been his main bus- iness. Following his marriage he rented the David Brown farm, near the homestead, and lived on it until he purchased his present home farm from Lewis I. Bloom, who erected the buildings on the place. Mr. Rowles was married in March, 1868, to Miss Mary Swatsworth, a daughter of Ru- dolph Swatsworth, of Lawrence township, in which she was born, June 11, 1849. Nine children have been born to j\Ir. and Mrs. Rowles, and it is very gratifying to Mr. Rowles to know that he has enough land to enable him to give each one a farm. The fol- lowing list includes children and grandchil- dren. The eldest, Alonzo Rowles, was born July 5, 1868. He married Alice Addleman, a daughter of John Addleman, and they have one daughter, Stella. Philip Rowles was born October 26, 1869. He married Myrtle Mc- Kee, and they had four children: C P., Fos- ter, Mary and Robert. Calvin Rowles was born June 24, 1872. He married Laura Bloom and they live in Knox township and have three children : Roland, Maude and Guy. Win- field S. Rowles was born April 6, 1874, mar- ried Sadie Lord and they live in Lawrence township. They have three children : Lloyd. 43 Grace and Harvey. Cynthia Rowles was born November 17, 1875, ^"d married George Aughenbaugh. They have had five children: Howard, Curtis, Myrtle, Lettie and Walter. Mr. Aughenbaugh and family live at Lumber City. Alice Rowles was born August 22, 1878, married William Howell and they live at Glen Richey, Pa. They have three chil- dren: Cynthia, Oland and William. Arthur Rowles was born March 24, 1882. and lives in Lawrence township. He married Lillie Smith and they have had three children: Ethel, Myrtle and Mamie. Jesse and Myrtle Rowles, the youngest members of the family, are twins and were born September 12, 1885, and reside at home. Mr. Rowles and family are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is a Republican and served as county commissioner from 1903 to 1909, and also two terms as school director. He belongs to the Grange at Curwensville. WILLIAM M. BOYCE, county treasurer of Clearfield county. Pa., a member of one of the substantial old county families and a well known citizen, was born April 12, 1866, in Clearfield county, one of a family of ten chil- dren born to his parents, Samuel and Sarah (Mullin) Boyce. William M. Boyce was reared on his fath- er's farm in Clearfield county and was educa- ted in the public schools. His father died in 1883 and he then went into the livery business which he successfully conducted for some time and to a degree was also interested in farming and lumbering. From early man- hood he has been active in politics and has served efficiently in public office, at one time being steward of the Clearfield County Home. In 1908 he was elected treasurer of Clearfield 760 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY county, by a majority of 500 votes, and sen'ed one term three years, commanding the respect and confidence of his fellow citizens to the fullest extent. Mr. Boyce was married to a daughter of the late Henry D. Straw, who was once an exten- sive lumberman in this section, and four chil- dren have been born to this union. Mr. Boyce and family are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. JOHN R. DUNL.\P, who owns the old family homestead in Knox township, a valua- ble farm of 139 acres, situated one and one- quarter miles east of Olanta. was born here November i, 1833, in a double log house which his father built when he entered this land from the Government. His parents were Isaac and Anna (Jordon) Dunlap. Lsaac Dunlap was born in Clearfield county, February 8, 1805, a son of William Dunlap, who was one of the earliest county commis- sioners. Isaac Dunlap cleared a part of this farm, witli the help of his sons, and all but thirty-nine acres are now under cultivation. He married Anna Jordon, a daughter of Thomas Jordon, of Lawrence township, and they became the parents of six sons and four daughters, eight of the family still surviving. Isaac Dunlaj) was a representative man of his neighborhood during life and both he and wife lived so worthily that the world was better for their having been in it. They were valued members of Fruit Hill Presbyterian church and their burial was in the cemetery attached, his death occurring in July, 1868. His widow survived him many years, reaching her eighty- fourth birthday. John R. Dunlap obtained his education in the Pleasant Ridge district school, after which he gave his attention to farm work and in 1868, after the death of his father, purchased the homestead. For many years he carried on general farming and stockraising with satis- factory results, but has now' shifted his respon- sibilities to the broad shoulders of his sons and lives in comfortable retirement. Mr. Dunlap was married August 28, 1856, to Miss Jemima Bloom, a daughter of ex- Judge James Bloom, and a family of thirteen children was born to them, but all of them did not reach mature years. Emory Walter, the eldest son, is deceased. Nora is the wife of W. W. Catlicart. Twin sons died in infancy. Warren B. resides in Knox township. Me- lissa is the wife of William Rowles. Lewis C. married Ida Bloom. John J. lives in Knox township. Harry and James B., are both de- ceased. Mary makes her home in St. Louis. Clark married Bertha Bloom. Luther Y., the youngest of the family, manages the home farm. As far back as the records go, the Dunlap men have given support to the Democratic jKirty. Formerly Mr. Dunlap acceptably filled numerous township offices but no longer ac- cepts these responsibilities. He and wife are members of Mt. Zion Methodist Episcopal church. HON. JOSEPH ALEXANDER, of Bigler township, Clearfield county, who is now serv- ing as state senator, is a man who has filled many positions of trust to the satisfaction of the public, his abilities having won for him recognition as one of the leaders of the Re- publican party in this section. As a descend- ant of one of the oldest and most influential AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 761 families in the countr}', he has tlie advantage of an honored name, to which his career has added new distinction. Tlie Alexander family is of Scotch-Irish blood, descendants of James Alexander, who serv-ed under Gen. Washington during the memorable winter at Valley Forge, Pa., 1777- 78, as an officer in the commissary depart- ment. He settled in Kishacoquillas Valley, in Cumberland county. Pa., part now Mifflin county, Pa. Having heard from John Reed, an old hunter and trapper, a favorable report of the lands lying on Clearfield Creek, he in 1784 took out warrants for four tracts of land. The first, which he entered in his own name, cornered on the creek at what was then a small ash sapling but grew to be a large tree, which was washed away some time in the sev- enties. Upon it were legible the letters, "J. A." and "J- R-," which were cut there at that early date as the initials of his own name and that of his friend, John Reed. This ash tree was the oldest land mark on the creek, and had an important part in the court trials concern- ing lands in that region, because the James Alexander warrant, being the oldest, was the starting point to determine other surveys and warrants. This land begins at the head of the narrows and lies mostly on the northeast side of the creek. On the opposite side he located the John McConnell tract, and farther up the creek he located the John McGill and Cullen tracts. His friend, William Brown, located six other tracts still further up the creek, ex- tending to what was called the Crab Orchard. About midsummer of the year 1785, James Alexander returned again to his lands on Clearfield Creek, accompanied by his eldest son, Robert. They went by way of Lock Haven, then Great or Big Island on the Sus- quehanna river, and procured there a flat-boat which they pushed with poles and dragged partly by means of a horse all the way to Muddy Run, a tributary of Clearfield Creek. AMth them they took provisions for a some- what protracted stay. The exposure endured on this trip is said to have had a serious effect on the health of James Alexander, although he did not die until six years later, in 1791. John Reed, the hunter, was in their company during a part of the journey, having crossed the mountains by an Indian path to meet them at a point on the Susquehanna river. While as- cending the Clearfield Creek at a place now unknown John Reed and Robert Alexander crossed over a hill, while James Alexander kept to the stream with the horse and boat. In crossing the hill they discovered a shining ore, some pieces of which John Reed put in his shot pouch. He afterward reported that, hav- ing sent this ore to Philadelphia, the mint had returned a silver coin ; many persons saw this coin, which he alleged had been made from the discovered ore. Many a treasure seeker sought diligently for the spot where the ore was found, but in vain. AVhen dividing his lands, James Alexander gave his four younger sons— Hugh, Reed, Joseph, and William B.— the four tracts on Clearfield Creek. Three of them sold their claims to Sir Heniy Philips, a gentleman from England, but William B. not only re- fused to sell what his father had left him, but secreted himself for two days that he might not be solicited to agree to the papers needed to legalize the other sales. His brothers finally induced him to agree to their transfer by promising him his choice of the four tracts of land. W illiam B. Alexander was born in Kishaco- 762 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY quillas Valley, March 27, 1782. He was named after the lifelong friend of his father, Judge William Brown, who was a very early settler of what is now Mifflin (then a part of Cumberland) county, and a well known and highly respected citizen. In the year 1800, when eighteen years of age, William B. Alex- ander visited the lands in Clearfield county (then part of Huntingdon county) and made choice of a tract which his father had entered in his own name. It is worth recording that on this journey to Clearfield he took with him a pint of appleseed from Kishacoquillas Val- ley and gave it for planting to an old man who lived several miles from his lands. Nine years later, when he came to settle on his tract, he planted an orchard of trees grown from that seed, now well known as the old Alexander orchard. After making his choice and before settling, he made what was then a long jour- ney westward on horseback, visiting West Virginia, Ohio and Kentucky. On his return he stated that 200 acres of land, part of the present site of Wheeling, W. Va., were offered to him for the horse which he rode, so cheap was the land in that section at that time. On April 23, 1806, soon after his return, William B. Alexander married Miss Nancy Davis, daughter of John Davis, of Kishaco- quillas. He then rented a fami and remained in that valley three years longer; but in 1809 he moved to Clearfield county, following an Indian path across the Allegheny Mountains, and conveying his wife and two young chil- dren and all his effects on pack horses. He settled upon the estate, which he continued to occupy until a few months before his death. To illustrate the inconveniences and discom- forts of that early settlement, we need only state the fact that for many years he was obliged to go forty miles across the mountains on horseback along Indian paths to reach a mill. William B. Alexander died at the residence of his son, William B., March 30, 1862, aged eighty years and three days. His wife, Nancy D. Alexander, died at the old homestead, April I. 1 861, aged seventy-three years and six months. They were the parents of thirteen children, eleven of whom lived until after the death of their father. William B. Alexander Jr., the father of our subject, was a resident of Decatur township, later the part erected into W'oodward township. Hon. Joseph Alexander was born on his father's farm in a log house of the earlier days. He has been extensively engaged in agricul- ture and lumbering, and as a business man ranks among the best in his locality. He has an honorable war record as a member of Com- pany B, 149th P. V. I., of the famous "Buck- tail Brigade," in which he enlisted August 14, 1862, and served until the close of the war. He took part in many important battles, and was wounded during the first day of the Battle at Gettysburg in the charge by General Stone's brigade at the railroad cut. He remained on the field all day and in the evening was car- ried by colored stretcher-bearers of the Con- federate army to a bam on the McPherson farm, where he lay upon some straw until the early morning of July 4th, when Lee aban- doned the place. In the closing days of the war Mr. Alexander's regiment was sent north to recruit and to guard prisoners at Elmira, N. Y. Mr. Alexander was detailed on de- tached service, was a member of the guard of honor that escorted the remains of the la- mented Lincoln from the Wliite House to the capitol, where the dead President lay in state AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 763 for some time. Mr. Alexander served the re- maining period of his service as orderly, mostly at the Old Capitol Prison during the trial of the conspirators who plotted the assas- sination of the president. Mr. Alexander was discharged from the service June 2"], 1865, and in leaving the army was given the follow- ing commendation, signed by the officers with whom he had been associated during his de- tached service. "We, the undersigned, take great pleasure in certifying that 'Orderly' Alexander, late of Company B, 149th Pennsylvania Volunteers, since being in special service, has done his duty as a soldier and conducted himself as becom- ing a gentleman. We can cheerfully recom- mend him for any position that he is capable of filling, as a trusty and faithful man, strictly temperate and willing to make himself use- ful." Very respectfully, etc., (Signed) Lieut. Walter F. Halleck, Capt. J. H. Bassler, Maj. George Bowers. Mr. Alexander has always been an ardent Republican, his first vote having been cast for Lincoln, while he was in the army. LTntil re- cent years the Democratic party has had a large majority in his locality, but this is now re- versed. Notwithstanding the odds against him in the earlier days, he was chosen to vari- ous positions in Woodward township, serving as town clerk, auditor, supervisor and overseer of the poor, and for two terms as assessor; he was also a school director in the Madera inde- pendent district. On the formation of Bigler township, he was chosen assessor and held the office three consecutive terms, and one term as school director. In 1880 he was appointed census enumerator for his district, and his work was specially commended by the super- visor of census, J. Simpson Africa. He also served three years as jury commissioner and with Dr. J. P. Burchfield, liis colleague, inau- gurated reforms in the selecting of jurors. In 1883 he was nominated for the office of pro- thonotary, unexpectedly and made no can- vass ; but at the election he led his ticket, al- though his opponent was no less a personage than the Hon. James Kerr. His well proven ability and strict integrity won for him the confidence of all classes, his election as repre- sentative of his native county three terms in the legislature indicating his hold upon the popular regard. He is now senator of the Thirty- fourth Senatorial district of Pennsyl- vania, comprising the two large central coun- ties of the state — Center and Clearfield. CAPT. J. ELLIOTT KRATZER, justice of the peace at Curwensville, Pa., and a repre- sentative citizen of Pike township, is also an honored veteran of the Civil war, during which stormy period he experienced some of the greatest hardships of a soldier's life but also gained distinction and promotion for un- usual bravery. Captain Kratzer was born in Pike township, Clearfield county. Pa., January 14, 1837, and is a son of Anthony and Rachel (Hoover) Kratzer. Anthony Kratzer wa.'- born in Blair county, Pa., but from early manhood his life was passed in Clearfield county. He engaged in lumbering and lived at Curwensville until after his marriage and the birth of six children, when he moved on his farm in Pike township, where he engaged in farming and milling. He was a man of more than ordinary business ca- pacity and although he died at the compara- tively early age of forty-six years, he had ac- 764 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY cumulated 600 acres of land in Pike township. By trade he was a shoemaker and at one time he also conducted a hotel at Curwensville, on the present site of the Park House. He was a Democrat in his political views but never consented to hold office. His ashes rest in Oak Grove cemetery. Anthony Kratzer married Rachel Hoover, who was born in Clearfield county. She survived her husband for a long period, her death occurring at the age of eighty-five years and her burial Ijeing in the State of California. The children born to Anthony and Rachel Kratzer were as follows : Jane Ann, who died in California, was the wife of James Addleman ; J. Elliott ; James, who is a resident of Wisconsin, married Susan Leech ; William, who was killed at the battle of Chancellorsville, during the Civil war, was a member of a Pennsylvania regiment; Lou- ella, who is the wife of John Bacher, of Cali- fornia; Sarah Ann, who is a resident of Cali- fornia; John, who was killed at Bull Run, dur- ing the Civil war, was a member of Co. K, 42nd Pa. Vol. Inf. ; and Edward, who is a resident of Punxsutawney; Pa. The parents of the above family were members of the Presbyterian church. J. Elliott Kratzer attended school at Clear- field, where he had academic advantages, after which he engaged in business as a clerk in a store at Curwensville and then went west to Iowa where, for two years, he served as book- keeper in a business house. It is probable that homesickness brought him back to Curwens- ville and after reaching home he took charge of his father's mill and operated it until the outbreak of the Rebellion. He was one of the first to offer himself when the famous "Buck- tail" Regiment, the 42nd Pa. Vol. Inf., was organized, becoming sergeant of Co. K, of which he later was made second lieutenant. He served one and one-half years with that rank and later was commissioned captain of Co. H, 190th P. V. It was while serving as second lieutenant of Co. K, that he was wounded at Gettysburg, in the right arm, just above the elbow. After he was commissioned captain and was inspecting the 3rd Brigade, 3rd Division, 5th Corps, of which he was in- spector general, he daringly galloped his horse within the enemy's lines and before he could escape was captured by the Confederate pick- ets. He was sent to Libby Prison and from there was transferred to Salisbury and later to Danville, each bastile being a little worse than the previous one, and in the succeeding Feb- ruary was returned to Libby Prison where he was finally paroled and was given then a leave of absence. After the surrender of General Lee, Captain Kratzer was ordered back and was detailed on court martial service and was finally honorably discharged and mustered out in 1865. Capt. Kratzer's anny record, from the beginning to the close, reflects credit on a Ijrave soldier. He is a valued member of the Grand .\niiy Post at Curwensville, of which he has been commander several times. From the army Captain Kratzer returned to Curwensville, where he has resided ever since. In March, 1865, he was first married to Miss Kate Goodwin, of Clarion county. Pa., who (lied in 1892, aged forty-six years, and her burial was in Oak Grove cemetery. Eight children were born to them, namely: May, who is the wife of William Jackson and they reside in California: Joseph, who lives in W'is- consin; Elliott, who is deceased, is survived by his widow, formerly a Miss Blackburn; Alice, who died in infancy: Kate, who is de- ceased, was the wife of John McDermit; C. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 765 Fred and Bessie, who both reside at Spokane, Wash. ; and John, who is a Hnotype operator and printer. In June, 1906, Capt. Kratzer was married to Amanda A. Cariisle, of Luth- ersburg, Clearfield county. In politics, Capt. Kratzer is a Republican. For five years he has been serving acceptably in the office of justice of the peace and very seldom have any of his decisions been referred to another court. He is identified fraternally with the Masonic order and also with the Odd Fellows. He is a member of the Methodist Episcopal church. FRANKLIN FINSTHWAIT. a promi- nent young business man, cashier of the First National Bank at Cherry Tree, Pa., was bom at West Newton, Pa., August 28, 1879, son of Franklin B. and Caroline ( Everhart) Fins- thwait. He is a descendant on the pater- nal side of James Finstlnvait, born Janu- ary 14, 1759, of English ancestry, and his wife Mary, who were natives of Kent county, Delaware, where many of their descendants are living today. They had five daughters and one son, as follows: Sarah C, born February 22, 1806; Ann S., born December 19, 1807; Eliza M., born April 10, 1810; Susan G., born February 3, 1812; Mary S., born June 21, 1814; and James, born March i, 1816, a few weeks after the death of his father. The daughters all married and reared families of children. James Finsthwait, Jr., the date of whose birth is given above, and who is next in the present line of descent, died in 1872. His wife in maidenhood was Lucy Collins Messick, born September 17, 18 10, near Georgetown, Sussex county, Del. She died in 1890. They had two daughters and four sons as follows : Caroline Collins, born August 11, 1839; Franklin Buchanan, born March 15, 1841 ; James Purnell, February 28, 1843; Minos Gibson, December 5, 1844; Frederick Marion, January 28, 1847; Sarah Marilda, December 29, 1849. James Purnell Finsthwait was killed at the battle of Gettysburg. Caroline married George P. Hitch of Laurel, Sussex county, Del. They live at Norfok, Va., and have four children living, having lost two in infancy. Gibson married Appia Davis of West Middlesex, where they now live; they have four daughters. Frederick married Su- san Everhart of West Middlesex; they live in Chicago and have no children. Sarah mar- ried G. W. Bement, of Lansing, Mich. ; she is a widow with two sons, and lives in Lansing. Franklin B. Finsthwait, whose nativity has been already given, was connected during his entire industrial period with the oil industry and was fomierly a member of the Oil Ex- change at Pittsburg. He is still living at the age of 66 years and is a resident of Swissvale, Allegheny county. Pa. On January 7, 1873, he married Caroline Everhart, of West Mid- dlesex, Mercer county, Pa., and of this union there were four children, namely: Ida Har- rington, born November 16, 1873; Lloyd E., bom June 3, 1877, who is engaged in the wholesale dry goods business at Pittsburg; Franklin, born, as already stated, August 28, 1879. who is the direct subject of this sketch; and Donald E., born January i, 1882, who is an employee of the American Tobacco Com- pany at Pittsburg. Ida is residing at home. Mrs. Franklin B. Finsthwait is a descendant on the paternal side of Michael Eberhart, who came from Germany in the ship "Friend- ship," landing at Philadelphia October 16, 1727. He settled in Lehigh county. Pa., and 766 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY died in 1788. He had two sons, Henry and Paul. Paul Eberhart, son of Michael, was born in 1827 on the Atlantic Ocean. He was reared and lived in Lehigh county, Pa., until he was 46 years old. when in 1773 he moved to West- moreland county, Pa., where he died at a ripe old age. He had four sons — Jacob, John, Christian and Frederick. Abraham F. Eberhart (or Everhart, for he changed the spelling of the family name), son of Frederick Eberhart, was born in Mercer county, Pa., October 22, 1810, and was mar- ried in 1841 to Susan Haywood of Mercer county, Pa. He died November 2, 1881, aged 71 years. The following is a record of his children : Sarah E. Everhart, bom October 22, 1842, was married May 15, 1866, to Dr. J. W. Hillier of Mercer county, Pa. They have no children. Mary M. Everhart, bom October 22. 1843, was married October 22, i860, to Horatio N. Warren of Buffalo, N. Y. They had two sons. Dr. .Mbert E. Warren and Henr}- D. Warren. Caroline Everhart, bom January 21, 1846, married Franklin B. Fins- thwaite, as already noted. William M. Ever- hart, born March 26, 1848, married Rhoda Long, of Mercer county. Pa., and they have two sons. Henry Clay Everhart, born August 2, 1850, died March 3, 1854. Susan Ever- hart was born March 2, 1855, and married F. M. Finsthwait. Franklin Finsthwait began his education in the common schools, subsequently graduating from the Wilkinsburg (Pa.) high school. His first industrial experience was gained in the employ of the P. Lorillard Tobacco Co., where he remained for a time. In 1897 he entered the Second National Bank as a messenger, and continued there until 1901, at which time he went to the Mellon National Bank as clearing house clerk. He was later promoted to the position of receiving teller, which he held until he resigned in order to accept his present po- sition as cashier of the First National Bank of Cherry Tree, Pa., in March, 1903. He is also treasurer of the Cherry Tree Electric Light Co. and of the Cherry Tree Water Co., in all these varied positions showing good business ability and a comprehensive grasp of affairs. He is a member of and an elder in the Presby- terian church of Cherry Tree, and also of the Masonic order, belonging to the Blue lodge at Ebensburg, Pa. In politics he is a Republican and is at present a member of the borough school board. Franklin Finsthwait was married in Octo- ber, 1908, to Helen McKeage, who was born in July, 1887, a daughter of William and Elizabeth (Harter) McKeage. Her father is a miller and lumberman residing at Cherry Tree. Our subject and wife are the parents of two children, Franklin McKeage, and Ruth Everhart. ARTHUR A. BELL, general famier and master of Greenwood township Grange, is a member of an old Clearfield county family and was born May 7, 1873, O" the old Bell farm in Greenwood township. He is a son of John W. and Elizabeth (Cook) Bell. John W. Bell was born in Greenwood town- ship, Clearfield county, Pa., July 12, 1838, and died February 7, 1904. For many years he was a prominent man in this section and one of the largest landowners. He was married first in 1862, to Elizabeth Cook, and they had five children, Arthur .\. being the fourth born. John \V. Bell was married secondly on Decem- ber 28, 1876, to Mrs. Eliza C. Thompson, who still survives. Arthur A. Bell with his brother and three «tNHr I. i:\VlS V. KliWI.KS, .M. 1>. AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 769 sisters, attended the country schools in Green- wood township, besides one term at Lumber City. He then became associated with his father in the timber business. After his mar- riage he settled on one part of the homestead farm and lived there until 1906, when he ca'me to his present farm which contains 150 acres, one-half of which is still in woodland. He is interested also in 1,200 acres of coal land in Greenwood township. Mr. Bell has improved his place with the substantial buildings now in evidence and carries on general farming and stock raising. Mr. Bell was married September 15, 1892, to Miss Belle Young, who was born Novem- ber 24, 1870, in Greenwood township, a daughter of Nelson Young, and they have six children: John Wade, Alice Dorothy, Bessie Lorain, Leslie Glenn, Williard Cook and Ella Elizabeth. Mr. Bell was reared in the Baptist church of which his father and mother were prominent members. In politics he is a Re- publican but has never been willing to accept public office. He is actively interested, how- ever, in all agricultural movements and for a number of years has been a leader in the Grange. ISAIAH JURY,* a representative citizen of Girard township, residing on his well im- proved farm of fifty-three acres, which lies twelve miles northeast of the borough of Clearfield, was born in this township in 1850 and is a son of John F. and Elizabeth (Grif- fins) Jury. John F. Jury was also born in Clearfield county and followed an agricultural life until his death in 1906. Isaiah Jury obtained his education in the schools of his native township, after which he turned his attention to farming and stockrais- ing and has carried on these industries ever since, keeping thoroughly abreast with the times in agricultural progress and following methods which he has found eminently suc- cessful. He is a man with broad and enlight- ened views and has interested himself very largely in the advancement of the public schools and has served many years on the township school board, of which he has been president since 1908. He has also served in the office of overseer of the poor. Mr. Jury was married June 3, 1873, to Miss Mary Shaw, of Wallacetown, Pa. She is a lady of education and culture and for thirteen terms was a school teacher. Four children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Jury, namely : Inez, who is teaching school at Shawsville, and has been thus engaged for seven terms ; Win- nifred, who has taught for four terms, being now engaged at the Congress Hill school; Ar- chie, who assists his father (married Miss A. Maines, of Shiloh, Bradford township) ; and Clemmens I., who died June 13, 1882. Mr. Jury and family are members of the U. B. church at Shiloh. LEWIS C. ROWLES, M. D., physician and surgeon, at Grampian, Pa., where he is also a representative and useful public spir- ited citizen, was born near Houtzdale, Clear- field county. Pa., March i, 1879, and is a son of Matthew and Letitia (Lewis) Rowles. Matthew Rowles was born in Lawrence township, Clearfield county, and he and wife reside at Clearfield. They have five living children : Mrs. C. A. Crews, of Cumberland, Md. ; Mrs. Frank Stage, of Clearfield ; Lewis C. ; Burton, of Clearfield; and Alice, of Cum- berland, Md. Of the above, Mrs. Stage was formerly a successful teacher. In politics, 770 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Mr. Rowles is a Democrat and at one time was a scliool director in West Clearfield. Mrs. Rowles is a member of the Lutheran church. Lewis C. Rowles attended school at Clear- field and graduated from West Clearfield High School. He later took a course in the summer Normal school and afterward taught school for two years in Bell township. He also learned the caqjenier's trade before he was twenty years of age. In 1898 he enlisted as a private soldier in Co. E, 5th Pa. Vol. Inf., and served through the Spanish-American war. In the meanwhile he had done his preparatory med- ical reading and in 1905 was graduated from the Philadelphia Chirurgical College and im- mediately entered into practice, establishing himself at Grampian in September, 1905. Dr. Rowles has been very successful in many grave surgical operations and has gained the confi- dence of his neighbors and fellow citizens in his skill and ability. He keeps fully abreast of the times, holding membership in the county and state medical bodies and the American Medical Association. Dr. Rowles was married April 24, 1907, to Miss Edna Mill Stetson, a daughter of Lewis Stetson, of Philadelphia, and they have had two children ; Stetson Dewitt, who died when but three days old; and Eleanor Frances, who was born March 9, 19 10. Dr. Rowles casts his vote with the Democratic party. He re- tains membership in his college fraternal so- ciety but has not identified himself with any other organization. He is serving as a mem- ber of the Grampian school board. JOSIAH R. NEWCOMER, who was born in Somerset county. Pa.. July 29, 1848, is one of the representative and respected citizens of Greenwood township, Clearfield county. Pa., where he owns and resides on a valuable farm of seventy-three acres, which is situated one and one-half mile northwest of Bell's Landing. He is a son of Joseph and Mary (Thomas) Newcomer. Joseph Newcomer was born in Maryland and from there moved to Broad Top, Bedford county, Pa., and later to Somerset county. He married Mary Thomas, who was Ixjrn in Westmoreland county. Pa., and they lived in Somerset county until after the birth of four children — Frances, Aaron, Nancy and Josiah R. — and then moved to Clearfield county and settled in Burnside township, near New Wash- ington. While living there their last child, Sarah, was born, who died in 1907, Josiah R. being the only survivor of the family. From Burnside township Joseph Newcomer moved to Greenwood township and in May, i860, set- tled on the farm above mentioned. .\t that time the land was entirely covered with brash and timber and with the help of his children he cleared his property and developed a farm. The only improvement on the place was a small plank house, but there was no barn or other building. The family managed to live in the cabin and in 1866 he put up the log barn now standing, which was later enlarged by the present owner. In 1880 Joseph Newcomer and wife moved to Cherry Run, where they lived retired, in great comfort, during the rest of their lives. He was born January 29, 1822, and died in 1899. She was born October 6, 1821, and died .August 4, 1881, and both were laid to rest in the Bower cemetery. They were good Christian people, members of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. Josiah R. Newcomer attended school until he was about thirteen years of age, walking a long distance to the Deer Run schoolhouse AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 771 near New Washington. The clearing of the farm had to be accomphshed and Mr. New- comer very early became accustomed to heavy work. He has always lived on the place and his occupations have been farming, stock rais- ing and lumbering. For thirty years he has been a member of Greenwood Grange, taking an interest in the movement when it was first started. Mr. Newcomer was married February 22, 1880, to Miss Margaret Brisbin, who died without issue, November 29, 1881, and was buried at Luthersburg. On August 24, 1884, Mr. Newcomer was married secondly to Miss Phinella E. Newcomer, who was born in Fer- guson township, Clearfield county. Pa., a daughter of William and Malissa (Bloom) Newcomer. Five children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Newcomer: Nina A., who was born June 22, 1885; Reese O., who was born December 3, 1887, and is a railroad engineer, in West Virginia; Lulu P., born January 11, 1 89 1, who is the wife of Raymond Bloom (they have one daughter, Fannie) ; \\'illiam Joseph, who was born July 10, 1899, and died on the same day: and Eunice, who was born November 7, 1900. Mr. and Mrs. Newcomer are members of the Methodist Episcopal church at Curry Run. He has served three years as a member of the school board. In pol- itics he has always been a Democrat. DAVID C. HENSAL, who has been a lumberman all his mature life, for a number of years has been a resident of Bigler town- ship, Clearfield county, where he owns forty acres of valuable coal land at Glen Hope, to- gether with a half dozen houses and about thirty lots at Madera. He was born March 20, 1833, seven miles west of Gettysburg, Adams county. Pa., and is a son of John and Anna (Coshun) Hensal, and grandson of Ja- cob Hensal. Mrs. Anna Coshun Hensal's mother was a Conover, a sister to the wife of tlie old Commodore Vanderbilt. John Hensal was of French and German ancestr}'. He followed tailoring as his occu- pation all through life. He married Anna Coshun, who was born in Pennsylvania, and they had the following children : David C. ; Hannah Mary, who married Ephraim Bittin- ger; Jane, who married Reuben Kuhn: and James, Charles, Amos, Emory and John. Mrs. John Hensal died about twenty-five years ago. David C. Hensal never had other than the rather meager educational opportunities of- fered by the district school. He has been more than usually successful as a business man and owns a large amount of property in Pennsyl- vania and in association with others is inter- ested in the development of other tracts. He is in partnership with Allison O. Smith and John R. Scott, in the ownership of 3,000 acres of coal land in Somerset county, Pa. : and with the latter in 2,000 acres in the same county, under lease, and owns also 200 acres also in Somerset county and forty acres of coal and timber land in Clearfield county: also fifty acres in Bigler township, Clearfield county, to- gether with his above mentioned residence properties at Madera, Pa., and two houses at Belsena, Clearfield county. Mr. Hensal was married in 1854 to Miss Margaret Mullin, a daughter of George and Sarah Mullin, who came from Ireland to Clearfield county and settled at Glen Hope. Mrs. Hensal died at Madera, September 20, 1909, and her burial was in the Cross Roads cemetery. To Mr. and Mrs. Hensal the fol- lowing children were born : George, John, 772 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Thomas, Blanche, Cora, Mary (deceased), Sadie (deceased), Sherman, Amos and Da- vid (deceased). Of the above family, Cora is the wife of John O. Stanley. Mary, who was the wife of Charles Flynn, was a victim of that terrible catastrophe, the Johnstown flood. Sadie was accidentally drowned at Madera. Mr. Hensal is a Republican in his political views. He was reared in the Methodist Episcopal church. JAMES T. MITCHELL, general fanner, who owns 130 acres of valuable land in Greenwood township, Clearfield county. Pa., all lying along the northwest branch of the Susquehanna river, was born January 24, 1867, in Burnside townsliip, Clearfield county, and is a son of David and Henrietta Mitchell, who reside on an adjoining farm. James T. Mitchell was educated in tlie schools of Greenwood township and attended through one term at Lumber City. He tlien went into the woods and began contracting, cutting by the thousand feet and during sev- eral summers had from twenty-five to thirty men in liis employ. I*'or a time after his mar- riage, in 1893, he lived near Bell's Landing, in Greenwood township, and then bought his present farm from Alex. Patton, but which was tlie David McCracken farm. All of it is cleared except fifty acres still in fine timber. All of the substantial and appropriate build- ings which in their appearance and surround- ings give an idea of thrift and good manage- ment, Mr. Mitchell erected, or entirely remod- eled. On September 21, 1893, Mr. Mitchell was married to Miss Nora Rager, who was born in Burnside township, Clearfield county, July ID, 1874, a daughter of Thomas and Agnes (Tibitt) Rager, who still reside in Burnside township. Nine children have been born to Mr. and Mrs. Mitchell, as follows: Daisy, Paul McKinley, Pearl Etta, Bertha June, Lucy May, Margaret, Nan, Pauline Flora, Elizabeth Ann and James David. Mr. Mitchell and family are members of the Methodist Protes- tant church. He is a Republican in politics and has occasionally consented to accept town- ship offices. He is a leading member of Greenwood Grange and is treasurer of the Curry Run Telephone Company. ALEXANDER MURRAY, deceased. For many years Alexander Murray was an hon- ored and respected citizen of Girard township, Clearfield county, where he had acquired a competence through the industry and prudence which had marked his way from early youth. He was born in Shaver's Creek Valley, Hunt- ingdon county. Pa., and in youth was brought to Clearfield county by his parents, who were John and Mary Murray, of Scotch ancestry. Alexander Murray was eleven years old when his father died, in January, 1824, leav- ing the mother witli a family of young chil- dren to care for, all of them, e.xcept himself and the two youngest girls, with no provision made for them, except such as she could secure for herself. She could weave the cloth for her children's clothing, and possibly she may have been able to sell a small portion to others, but their whole living had to be made out of the wild land, very little of which had as yet been cleared or put under cultivation. In later years Mr. Murray was frequently heard to speak of the industr)% patience, fortitude and endurance of this admirable mother. She survived to see her son in comfortable circumstances, her death taking place in April, 1871. THOMAS II. MIURAY AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 773 Alexander Murray had no educational ad- vantages, but he was naturally apt, and soon acquired enough knowledge to enable him to transact business properly. By the time he was fifteen years of age he was busy at differ- ent things — farming, lumbering and teaming — and when twenty years old he did the first piece of work for himself, which was the con- struction of one mile of the old Milesburg and Smithport turnpike road. When he received his pay for the latter — fifty dollars in cash and an order for forty-five dollars more — he doubt- less felt rich, although the order was never cashed, as the company had become insolvent. He engaged in lumbering and cleared and cul- tivated his land as he was able and finally paid for it. He was a typical pioneer, honest and upright, but careful and shrewd in his business transactions. He was widely known and was held in honor and esteem by all. Mr. Murray was married February 23, 1842, to Miss Isabella Meek Holt, of Brad- ford township, and they had nine children, six of whom reached maturity. The mother of these children died October i, 1879. On Jan- uary 19, 1882, Mr. Murray married for his second wife Mrs. Ermina J. Spackman, who died in 1885. Mr. Murray survived her for four years, his death taking place April 6, i88g. His mother and her people were Pres- byterians, but he united with the Methodist Episcopal church in 1856, and continued a faithful and official member and the principal supporter of that church in his community un- til his death. He was the father of Thomas H. Murray, of Clearfield, Pa. EDWARD W. FERGUSON, who carries on a general mercantile business at Kerrmoor, Pa., was born in Ferguson township, Clear- field county. Pa., April 26, i860, and is a son of J. C. Ferguson and a grandson of John Ferguson. John Ferguson with his brother David came to Clearfield county from Northumberland county. Pa., when he was about thirty years of age, and he became one of the prominent and useful men in the early settlement of what is now' Ferguson township, which part of the county was named in honor of John and David Ferguson. He cleared up a farm of 160 acres here, after which he moved to Lumber City, where he was a merchant for a time, and later to Lock Haven, where he died at the age of seventy-two years. He was married after coming to Clearfield county, to Betsey Wiley, and they had five children born to them : Mary, who married Dr. Ross; Deborah, who married Gibson Jamison; J. C. ; Elizabeth, who mar- ried Lewis Hoover; and an infant son, de- ceased. J. C. Ferguson was reared in Ferguson township, and lived on the old homestead, which is now owned by William Thurston. He served without injury in the Civil war, and passed his entire life, with the exception of eighteen years, engaged in farming. He was a man of high standing in his neighborhood and of ample fortune, and was a charter mem- ber of the Clearfield National Bank at Clear- field, Pa. His death occurred at Kerrmoor, when he was aged sixty-two years. He mar- ried Ann Price, who was born near Bloom- ington. Pa., and died in her sixty-first year, both she and husband being interred in the McClure cemetery in Pike township. They had four children, namely : Edward W. ; Abby, who is now deceased ; Harry, who is a 774 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY member of the business firm of Ferguson & Rossner, at Clearfield; and Robert, who died at the age of eight years. Edward W. Ferguson went to school in his boyhood in both Ferguson and I'ike township, the old schoolhouse in the latter then standing on the present site of the McClure cemetery, and afterward he taught one term of school in Ferguson townsliip. Since marriage Mr. Fer- guson has lived in Kerrmoor, where he has been engaged in merchandising. He has nu- merous additional interests, being concerned with the milling business of W. L. Bloom & Co., at Kerrmoor, and is a stockholder in the C. & C. Telephone Company, the Ferguson & La Jose & Lumber City Telephone Company, being secretary of the same. He and his brother, Harry F., conducted a hardware store in Kerrmoor, when the town was first started, in the spring of 1886, they continuing together until April, 1907. Mr. Ferguson was married first to Miss Eunice Swan, who was born in Jordan town- ship, a daughter of Henry Swan, of Anson- ville, and they had two children, Raymond and Lorraine, the latter surviving. Mr. Fer- guson was married secondly to Miss Bertha Hile, a daughter of John P. Hile, of Lumber City, and they have two children, Ellery and Warden. Mr. Ferguson is a Republican in politics l)Ut has accepted no public office. PHINFAS WESLEY RUDOLPH, one of Huston township's sucessful agriculturists and leading citizens, residing on his farm of twenty-five acres situated two and one-half miles north of Penfield. Clearfield county. Pa., known as Alta Vista Garden, also owns two other farms of fifty acres, also located in Hus- ton township. He was bom on his father's farm in Henderson township, Jefferson county. Pa., October 20, 1861, and is a son of David Rudolph, who was born in Westmoreland county. Pa. From, \Vestmoreland Da\-id Rudolph was taken to Jefferson county by his parents, Ja- cob Rudolph and wife, who spent the rest of their years in that section, Jacob Rudolph be- coming a well known fanner and lumjjerman. David Rudolph moved from Jefferson county to DuBois, Pa., where he was foreman for John DuBois for many years and his death oc- curred there at the age of seventy-two years. During the Civil war he served as a member of the 15th Pa. Vol. Cav. He was married in Jefferson county to Anna Maria Smith, who was a daughter of Peter Smith, an old and respected resident of Punxatawney. Nine children were born to David Rudolph and his wife, namely: Smith M., Wheeler, George, Lucy, Jane, Phineas W., William, Monroe and Anna. Lucy married Peter Hallowell and Jane married Frank Rudolph. riiineas W. Rudolph grew to the age of fif- teen years in Jefferson county, where he at- tended the district schools, and grew to man- hood at DuBois. He learned the carpenter's trade, working at it for three years, aftei whicli he worked in the saw mills for John DuBois until 1891, when he came to his pres- ent farm, purchasing his residence farm from Abel Gresh and the other land from Stephen Bunday. He did not immediately take per- sonal charge of his property, merely oversee- ing it prior to April, 191 1, in the meanwhile working as engineer and electrician in tlie mines at Tyler, Pa. Since the above date he has devoted all his attention to his agricul- tural affairs. Mr. Rudolph was married October 18 188? AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 775 to Miss Elizabeth Funk, a daughter of Jacob and Louisa Funk. Mrs. Rudolph was born in Germany and was brought to the United States when two years old. To Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph eleven children have been born, as follows: Laura, who died April 12, 191 1 (she was the widow of George Paine and had one child, Velma) : and Walter, Pearl, How- ard, James, Emma and Adam (twins, the lat- ter deceased), Arthur, Vira, and Pauline W. and Maxine (twins, the last named being de- ceased). Mr. and Mrs. Rudolph are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church. He belongs to the Grange (as also does Mrs. Ru- dolph) and to the P. H. C, at DuBois. In politics he is a Democrat. Mr. Rudolph re- cently turned over twenty-five acres of his land to his eldest son. JOSEPH N. McCRACKEN, who owns the old homestead farm of 100 acres, which was the home of his grandfather, Nicholas McCracken, and which is situated on the north side of the west branch of the Susquehanna river, in Greenwood township, Clearfield county. Pa., was born here December 23, 1871. and is a son of D. W. and Emma (Nichol- son) McCracken. D. W. McCracken was also born on this farm and spent his life in Greenwood town- ship, his death occurring when he was sixty- three years of age. He owned 150 acres of excellent land. He was a member of Green- wood Grange and was identified also with the Odd Fellows at Mahafifey. D. W. McCracken married Emma Nicholson, a daughter of Jo- seph Nicholson. They had the following chil- dren born to them: Edith, who is the wife of Ashey Hill; Belle, deceased, who was the wife of Kirk Richard ; Joseph N. ; and Hannah, who is the wife of Dell Richards. The mother of the above family lived to be seventy-five years of age. Her burial was by the side of her husband in the Friends' cemetery at Grampian. They were members of the Meth- odist Protestant church. Joseph N. McCracken obtained an educa- tion in the schools of Greenwood township and since then has carried on farming and stock raising on the homestead and has all his land under cultivation with the exception of fifty acres in woodland. He has substantial and comfortable buildings and assisted in the erection of his residence. He has always taken a deep interest in everything pertaining to agricultural matters and is a member of the Greenwood Grange, in which he holds the of- fice of assistant steward. Mrs. McCracken is ladies' assistant steward in the Grange. Mr. McCracken was married June 25, 1902, to Miss Sarah Elizabeth Byers, who was bora at Westover, Pa., June 29, 1871. She is a daughter of Samuel and Sarah Jane (Lloyd) Byers, the fomier of whom was born at New Washington, and the latter in eastern Penn- sylvania. After Mr. and Mrs. Byers were married they moved to near Westover and now reside on a farm of 225 acres and the father owns an additional 100 acres in Burn- side township. They are members of the Bap- tist church. The following children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Byers; James, who died when two years of age; Barbara, who was married first to Thomas Black and secondly to J. L. McCracken; John L., who married Ellen Scott: Sarah Elizabeth; William H., who married Ella Westover; Jesse, who lives in West Virginia ; Aaron, who lives at Braddock, Pa.-; Jane, living at home; and Rose, who is the wife of Ralph Palmer. 776 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY Mr. and Mrs. McCracken have two chil- dren: Ruth and Earl Wilson. Mr. Mc- Cracken is a stockholder in the Curry Run Telephone Company. The family and its con- nections are all representative people of this section. .ADAM BRETH. The parentage of this subject is as follows: The father's name was Henry Breth, born in 1792, and was the son of Henry Breth, who lived and was born in Germany, not far from the city of Mayance, and lived till he was one hundred and six years old; of the mother nothing is now known. Henry, Peter and Adam, three brothers, came to the United States in the year 18 19. Henry, was married in Germany, and brought two daughters witli him; the mother's maiden name was Mary C. Martin. Tliis family lo- cated at Karthaus in Clearfield county; the father worked for Peter Karthaus as a stone mason when the works at Karthaus were first started. Here at this place the following named children were born to them. But first say, that Mary and Margaret were bom in Germany, Mary in 181 3 and Margaret No- vember 5, 1815; at Karthatis, Elisabeth bom Febmary 24, 1820; Susan, Febmary 17, 1822; Samuel, February 14, 1824. The parents then moved to Marsh-Creek, Center county. Pa. Here, Henry, the next, was born on April 12, 1826; Jacob, born at the same place, .'\ugust 3, 1828. The parents then moved to Howard, Center county, Pa., where Joseph Harris, another son, and .Adar:-, the present subject, were born, Joseph Harris on Novem- ber 30, 1830, and Adam, February 10, 1833. In .April of the same year the parents moved to what is Burnside township, near Patchin- ville. Here the familv lived and worked at clearing up land and lumbering. In 1843 the family moved onto a farm two miles direct west from New Washington; lived on this farm till April of 1844, and then moved into Bell township and bought a farm in that town- ship. Here the father lived till July 4, 1875. The mother died March 22, 1869, in the sev- enty-sixth year of her age. On the 29th of May, 1850, the subject of this sketch left home by the parents' consent to learn the trade of blacksmithing; served till September, 1853, at which time he had served three years, all but two months; for this two months he paid "his boss" $25.00, and went to New Washington, Pa. Here he worked in partnership with a brother at the smithing business. On the 24th of May, 1854, he was united in marriage with Margaret G. Lee, daughter of Isaac and Han- nah Fulton Lee; to this union were born ten children, si.x of these died in infancy; the first born is Lettie Lucretia, born July 18, 1855, and is married to John H. Baker; Isaac Henry, born October 5, 1856, and died Janu- ary 6, 1877; James, born August 31, i860. He married Alice Fryer; to this union is born two sons, Adam Breth, born October 20, 1884, and Ernest, bom January 31, 1885. The par- ents named were married December 20, 1883. Jane R., born May 8, 1862; she was married to William Thompson,, November 11, 1886; to this union were born seven children, as fol- lows: Lillian Elisabeth, bom May 3, 1887; James Horace, February 4, 1889; Hazel Amanda, February 2, 1894; Margaret Anna, April 14, 1896; John Adam, February 26, 1899; William Herman, January 2, 1902; Helen Maxine, June 4, 1909. On the 28th day of July, 1869, the mother of the above named children, wife of the sub- ject, died; the oldest girl took charge of the AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 777 family of younger children. On the first day of April, 1872, the subject of this biography was again married, to Maria G. Armor, at Smicksburg, Indiana county, Pa. She was the daughter of John Armor and Jane Cochran Armor; the father was born in Lancaster county, Pa., and the mother was born in Westmoreland count}-, Pa. ( have not the dates of either one's birth). To this union were born two children — a daughter, born Septem- ber 2-, 1873, and died October 3, 1873. -■^•'^ mor Gregg, born May 28, 1875, died Septem- ber 8. 1876. In 1859 he was first elected justice of the peace for Bell township at the age of twenty- six years, and was elected for that township four terms (twenty years). Followed smith- ing, farming and lumbering up to February 27, 1877, when he moved to New Washing- •ton. Pa. Carried on smithing. In 1880 was elected justice of the peace, and is still serving out now (May 15, 191 1) his eleventh term. In 1883 he was employed by a coal company (Clearfield and Cambria Coal and Coke Com- pany) to take options for coal lands, and took up with but a few exceptions nearly 13,000 acres. The deeds of nearly all these proper- ties was or were acknowledged before his term as justice of the peace, and checks of the com- pany were delivered by him for the payment of the same. He continued with this company as bookkeeper-pavTnaster, and did the general business for the company up to July 5, 1902, when he left the employ of this company. He served as a notary public for two suc- cessive terms, of four years each. Served a number of temis as school director, one term as burgess, a number of terms on the council, has been borough auditor for years and is now auditor; is under appointment a local registrar of vital statistics of District 390, under the State Department of Health, and is secretary of the Board of Health for this borough. In 1890 he took up the study of surveying and civil engineering, also the study of short- hand and typewriting, and was successful in all these callings. Is now, since July 23, 1908, acting postmaster of the New Washington postoffice, Clearfield county, Pa. His wife be- ing appointed postmaster, as he could not, un- der a State law, hold the office of justice of the peace. Can now in his seventy-ninth year write four different systems of shorthand, still does surveying, and does the work of the post- office. Has five great-grandchildren. WILLIAM THORP SCHRYVER,* gen- eral farmer and representative citizen of Law- rence township, resides on his valuable farm of eighty acres, which lies four miles south of Clearfield, Pa. He was born at Coal Range Forge, Center county. Pa., October 8, 1837, and is a son of Abraham Thorp and Rebecca (Wells) Schryver. Abraham Thorp Schryver was born in Osage county, N. Y., where he both attended and taught school. Later he moved to Westmore- land county, Pa., and there studied medicine with Dr. John P. Hoyt and became a medi- cal practitioner. During the entire subse- quent period of life, while interested in many other directions, he kept up a desultory prac- tice and enjoyed public confidence. He was a man of inquiring and acquiring mind, not be- ing content with mastering one profession, he enthusiastically investigated and studied oth- ers. When the old Clearfield Academy was first built, he was one of the earliest teachers and it was Abraham Thorp Schryver who was responsible for the addition of geography and 778 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY grammar to the public school curriculum in Clearfield county. He was also an advanced mathematician and published a complete arith- metic when he was seventy-eight years of age. After his second marriage he moved to Becca- ria Mill, Clearfield county, and in 1854 he was elected county superintendent of schools, with a salary of $300 per year. After this election he settled on the farm on which his son Wil- liam T. resides and lived here during the re- maining years of his life. After his first mar- riage he lived in East Freedom, Blair county, where he practiced medicine and remained there until the death of his first wife. In his earlier years he was a Whig but accepted the principles of the Republican party as his own when that organization came into being. With other leading men of his time, he was a Free Mason. In his religious views he was a Bap- tist. Abraham Thorp Schryver was married first to Rebecca Wells and subsequently to her sis- ter, Clara Wells. They were daughters of John Wells, who was a justice of the peace in Beccaria township. It was said of Rebecca Wells that she was the sweetest singer in Clearfield county. Mrs. Schr>'ver's two chil- dren, William and John, were bom to his first union. John died at the age of sixty-four years and was buried by the side of his parents in the Clearfield cemetery. For years he had been bookeeper for a hardware firm at Clear- field. \\'illiam T. Schryver attended school at East Freedom, in Blair county, taught by his father and later continued his studies in Clear- field county, but when fifteen years of age se- cured the position of teacher of the Plank school, for himself. He found himself well qualified as a teacher and enjoyed the work and kept on teaching, in Beccaria township, Gordon township. Locust Ridge, in Pike town- ship, four terms in Lawrence township and a term at Lumber City, where he had seventy- eight pupils. He continued to teach, having a school at Penfield, in Huston township, one term in Union township and at the Williams School now in Beccaria township, aggregating eleven winters of teaching, while he had also conducted subscription schools for several terms. In early days the father of Mr. Schryver, with his other interests, owned some 400 acres of timber which it was his pur- pose to cut and raft down the river. He was unfortunate in his early ventures in tiiis direc- tion and finally abandoned this enterprise. His sons learned rafting and in his early man- hood, William T. was very skillful and dex- terous in this line of work. The New York Central Railroad and Big Clearfield Creek both run through the center of the farm and in old days this was a famous stopping place for raftsmen. The farm is a very productive one and in the present season (T910). Mr. Schryver has prospects of a record crop of corn. The farm-house was erected by Mr. Schryv'er's father, a commodious carefully constructed dwelling. In its building double two-inch pine planks were used, for which Mr. Schryver paid $4 per thousand feet. With such excellent accommodations. William T. Schryver has found it profitable to open his residence for summer boarders, entertaining guests from June to September. They come year after year from long distances and he has made it possible to seat forty-eight guests at one dinner table, that number being on hand sometimes at the week end gatherings. It may be mentioned that Mr. Schryver has in large measure inherited much of his late father's AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 779 desire for knowledge and with his other acquirements, is master of the printer's trade. In 1862 Mr. Schryver was married to Miss Margaret P. Tyler, a daughter of David Ty- ler, Esq. The father of Mrs. Schryver, with John Du Bois, was the first man to build slides for rafting on the river. Two children were born to Mr. and Mrs. Schryver: Emma, who is highly accomplished and is a teacher of mu- sic; and John, who is a skilled hard wood worker. Both reside at home. A severe do- mestic affliction fell on the family in the death of the beloved wife and mother, which oc- curred at the age of sixty-one years, from paralysis. She was a lady of so many endear- ing qualities and lovable disposition that she was sincerely mourned in the community. For years she had been an active member of the Methodist Episcopal church. Later, Mr. Schryver was married to the estimable lady now his wife, formerly Miss Arabella P. Ir- win, a daughter of Lewis Irwin, of Lawrence township. Mr. and Mrs. Schryver are mem- bers of the Methodist Episcopal church, with which he united when fourteen years of age and to which he has regularly dedicated a part of his income. Mr. Schry\-er is a member of the Rural Telephone Company of Lawrence township, of which his son, John Schryver, is president. SAMUEL ARNOLD, deceased, who had filled a large place in the business life of Clearfield county for many years and had been identified closely with the development of her resources, was not a native of this county but spent the greater part of his life within its lines. Samuel Arnold was born in York county. Pa., February 11, 1822, and died May 31, 1899, at his home in Curwensville, Clear- field county. His parents were Peter and Su- san (Klugh) Arnold. The Arnold family in America can claiin many distinguished members and successful men of affairs. Its history, as far as the pres- ent branch is concerned, begins with an Eng- lish colonist who reached New England in 1594. His death is recorded at Hartford, Conn., in 1664. One of his descendants was George Arnold, who was the grandfather of the late Samuel Arnold, and whether he was born in York county. Pa., in 1768, may not have been altogether proved, but it is certain that he died th«re, in 1827. Peter Arnold, son of George and father of the late Samuel Arnold, was one of many chil- dren born to his parents, who then lived in York county and there he remained until 1837, when he came to Clearfield county. Here he acquired lands, flocks and herds and in the in- creasing and managing of these, passed the re- mainder of his life. He married Susan Klugh, who was bom in Lancaster county. Pa. Her father was a native of Germany and came to the American colonies in time to serve for seven years as a soldier in the Revolutionary war. To Peter Arnold and wife were born eight children, five sons and three daughters, namely: George, Samuel, Frederick, Ma- nassa, Joseph R., Anna, Maria and Clarissa. It is worthy of notice that all these five sons developed into inen of integrity of character and of more than usual business capacity. Samuel Arnold was fifteen years of age when his parents moved to Clearfield county and he remained under the home roof and con- tinued to help his father until he was twenty- two years of age. He then left home for the first time, going to Illinois, which then was a far western state. There he accepted farm 780 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY work, learned different if not better methods, and met with many new experiences. At length, satisfied with his glimpse of life be- yond his native hills, he returned to Clearfield county. He iiad a district school education and then taught .sciiool and engaged in agri- cultural operations until 1846, when he em- barked in the mercantile business at Luthers- burg, Pa., where he remained until 1865. In that year he transferred his business to Cur- wensville, deeming it a better commercial point. Until the close of his long and honora- ble business life, Mr. Arnold continued to be identified with Curwensville and many of the enterprises of this town were founded and fos- tered by his encouragement and financial as- sistance. Mr. Arnold was one of the organizers of the First National Bank and served ^s its cashier for thirteen years. He continued his mercan- tile business, enlarging its scope until his be- came the leading general mercantile establish- ment in this section. He also had the foresight to invest in many acres of land covered with timber that was valuable then and in later years became doubly $0, and in land containing coal and stone deposits which made mining and quarrying profitable industries, and to his other enterprises he added saw-milling and the handling of lumber on a large scale. The benefit accruing to a community through the enterprise and good judgment of a man like tlic late Samuel Arnold, can scarcely be adequately computed, including as it does, the opening up of new avenues of in- come to hundreds, and the distribution of their earnings into other channels. While Mr. Arn- old was thus interested in different parts of the county, he was particularly concerned in the development of Curwensville. He set an example to other capitalists by erecting com- modious business blocks and other structures and by so improving his residence and other properties that they added to the attractive- ness of the place in which he had chosen to make his home. Mr. Arnold was married July 11, 1847, ^o Miss Mary A. Carlisle, who was bom at Pal- myra, Lebanon county. Pa., January 30, 1825, and died at Curwensville, Pa., January 9, 191 1. Her father, John Carlisle, came to Clearfield county with his family in 1832. He was a man of sterling character and left an impress on his community was frequently elected to resi)onsible offices, and served long as a justice of the peace and as a county commissioner. Subsequently he became a general merchant at Troutville, Pa., where he died in honored old age, in 1886. Mrs. Arnold was the first born in his family of ten children, four sons and six daughters. To Samuel Arnold and wife the following children were lx>m : N. E., William C. Frank L., Samuel P., John, Fannie, Cora and Efiie. N. E. Arnold is a resident of Lewisburg, Pa. William C, who is now deceased, was a prom- inent attorney at Du Bois, Pa., and a well known man in public life, having twice been elected to the United States Congress. Frank L. is a resident of Curwensville. Samuel P., who is serving in his second term as postmas- ter at Curwensville, is engaged in the lumber business here. John died when aged eight years. Fannie is the wife of William C. Ilembold, who is the senior member of the well known insurance agency of Hembold & Stew- art, a representative business firm of Cur- wens\ille. Cora is the wife of Roland D. Swoope, who is a verj^ prominent attorney at Curwensville. Effie is the wife of A. Z. Wolf, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 781 who is one of Curwensville's leading mer- chants. The late Samuel Arnold was a Republican in his political views and he gave hearty sup- port in promulgating its principles. He never desired public office for himself, however, when called on, in any emergency he was ready to perform every duty that thoroughly honest citizenship demanded. In his church rela- tions he was a member and liberal but unos- tentatious supporter of the Methodist Episco- pal body having connected himself with that church during his residence at Luthersburg. In large measure Samuel Arnold was a self- made man in the true sense of the word. His success in business was a just tribute to his faithfulness, industry, perseverance and integ- rity. He belonged to that old-time class of men to whom honesty in business was their stepping-stone and who enjoyed its substan- tial results because they had been legitimately earned. In his personal attitude to family, friends, and to his army of employes, he was noted for the kindness, charity and sympathy which made him beloved and respected by all. JOSEPH J. BORST,* one of Lawrence township's respected and substantial citizens, township supervisor and a veteran of the Civil war, resides on his valuable farm of 117 acres, which lies seven miles south of Clearfield, Pa. He was born in Germany. March 19, 1838, and is a son of John and Mary Borst. In 1846 John Borst brought his wife and seven children to America and settled near St. Mary's, in Clearfield county. Pa. He moved from there into Lawrence township and then to Pike township, where the father operated a saw-mill for several years. He died on the Holden farm and afterward the motlier and her six sons and one daughter, moved to the Robert Mitchell fann and lived there as ten- ants for nineteen years. The family then moved to the Hugh Dougherty farm, where the mother died. Joseph J. Borst is one of the three survivors of his parents' family of children. He at- tended school in Pike and in Lawrence town- ships and thus learned the English language and also speaks the German language. He then went to work as a lumbennan in the woods and became a brave and adept rafter and it is still told of him how he took a mighty raft down the river with the help of only two men where six were usually required. He left the woods in order to enlist for service in the Civil war, in May, 1861, entering the anny in Captain Lorrain's company recruited at Clearfield, and after serving through his first enlistment, re-entered the service and thus has two honorable discharge papers, the last one bearing the date of August 25, 1865. He then returned to Lawrence township and resumed lumbering. After his marriage, in 1868, he bought his present farm from William W. and O. Kline, which was formerly known as the Rowles farm. He has cleared about forty acres and has twenty-five in valuable timber and devotes the rest to pasturage. He carries on general farming and stock raising, being assisted by his sons who remain at home and are industrious, capable young men. Mr. Borst married Miss Fannie McLaugh- lin, a daughter of John and Margie (Dough- erty) McLaughlin, and the following children have been born to them ;■ William, who lives in Lawrence township, married Emma Mc- Kee; Charles, who lives at home; Albert, who lives on a fami in Lawrence township, mar- ried Lona McCaughey; John, who lives at 782 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY home; and Paul, Peter. Mar>- and Carrie, all of whom live under the Ikjuic roof. Mr. Borst and family are members of the Roman Catho- lic church at Clearfield. Mr. Borst classes himself as an Independent Republican. He is a man of standing in his neighborhood and has served acceptably in public office. MRS. ELLA MOUNTZ, postmistress at Morann, Clearfield county. Pa^, where for the past eighteen years she has also conducted a general store, is associated with her husband, L. J. Mountz, in coal operating, having six mines in Clearfield county and one in Butler county. Mrs. Mountz was born at Sharon, Pa., and is a daughter of H. B. and Elizabeth (Keefe) Dore, and a granddaughter of Abel Dore. She was the third born in a family of five children, the others being: Joseph; Al- freda, now deceased, who was the wife of Chadwick Stanley; Henry; and Elizabeth, who is the wife of George W. Ballard. Mrs. Mountz attended school at Sharon and also in Clearfield county, to which she came in 1879. In 1885 she was married to L. J. Mountz, who was one of a family of eleven children born to his parents, John and Isaljel (Amey) Mountz, residents of Vail, Blair county, Pa. Mr. and Mrs. Mountz have one daughter, Viola, a very talented young lady, who is a graduate of the Emerson Col- lege of Oratory, at Boston, Mass. Mrs. Mountz is widely known and is much admired for her business capacity. She en- joys the confidence of the public to a remark- able extent and has done a large amount of business in the line of merchandising and for eighteen years has also held her Government office. Mr. Mountz is identified with the Democratic party. He belongs to the Odd Fellows at Houtzdale and to the Elks at Ty- rone. C. H. HESS,* who is engaged in general farming on a tract of 225 acres, located about two and a half-miles northeast of Woodland, Pa., is one of the largest land owners in Brad- ford township. He was born in 1882 at Phil- ipsburg, Center county. Pa., a son of Charles and Catherine Hess, both of whom are still living. The father is a native of Center county. Pa., and a farmer by occupation. C. H. Hess grew to maturity on the farm in Center county. Pa., and has always fol- lowed farming and stock raising in a general way. He bought and located on his present farm of 225 acres in 1906 and has greatly im- proved it during the four years of his owner- ship, having brought it to its present standing. Mr. Hess was married in igo6 to Jessie Blowers of Center county, Pa., and they have one son, Loye. Mr. Hess is a member of Grange No. 358 of Bradford township, and is one of the representative and progressive agriculturists of the township. JAMES E. SOULSBY,* a well known agriculturist of Knox township, Clearfield county. Pa., residing on his valuable farm of seventy-six acres, situated two miles east of Olanta, was born on this farm, February 25, i86i, and is a son of James and Sarah (Bau- man) Soulsby. James Soulsby was bom at Altoona, Pa., was educated in the public schools and then went to work on the railroad and became a pas- senger conductor on the Pennsylvania line be- tween Altoona and Pittsburg. While in the performance of duty he was taken ill sud- denly and was placed in a hospital in Pittsburg MltS. KLLA MorXT/, AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 785 and died there when aged but twenty-eight years. His burial was in Faimiount ceme- tery, Pittsburg. He married Sarah Bauman, a daughter of Daniel Bauman, of Juniata county, and they had one son, James E. Some years later Mrs. Soulsby married E. P. Trout, of Schuylkill county, who was a veteran of the Civil war. Five children were born to this union, the one survivor being a son, Alonzo Trout, who married Edith Richards, a daugh- ter of H. Richards. Mr. and Mrs. Trout live at Juniata, Westmoreland county, the mother of Mr. Soulsby being a member of the family. She belongs to the Methodist Episcopal church. James E. Soulsby obtained his education in the Pleasant Ridge and Turkey Hill schools and later he went to work as a farmer and as a lumberman. Following his marriage he bought twenty-five acres of land in Knox town- ship and after selling that place purchased his present farm of seventy-six acres, a part of the old family homestead. About fifty acres of his land is under cultivation, four acres hav- ing been cleared by himself. Mr. Soulsby had the misfortune to lose all his buildings and their contents by fire and the substantial struc- tures now standing were all put up by himself at considerable expense. He carries on gen- eral farming and raises stock for his own use. On June 7, 1879, Mr. Soulsby was married to Miss Flora Rowles, a daughter of Price A. and Sarah Ann (Rowles) Rowles. The father of Mrs. Soulsby was born in Clearfield county and spent his life here, owning a farm of 100 acres, on which his death occurred in 1902, at the age of sixty-eight years. He married Sa- rah Ann Rowles, a daughter of Richard Rowles, of Woodward township, Clearfield county, and they had eleven children, Mrs. Soulsby being the second in order of birth. The mother of Mrs. Soulsby resides in a handsome residence on the comer of Barklay and Han- nah streets. West Clearfield. In politics, the late Price A. Rowles was a Democrat and for fifteen years was a justice of the peace in Knox township. He was a leading member of the Lutheran church. To Mr. and Mrs. Soulsby the following children were born: Matilda, who married Frank Soulsby, of Cambria county, resides at Bakertown, Pa. ; Harry, who married Myrtle Coates, a daughter of John Coates, has three children— Albert, Delia and Mary; Frank, who married Vema Bauman, a daughter of Stacy Bauman, resides at Clearfield; Julia, who is the wife of Stanley Taylor, of Akron. O. ; Bert, who assists his father; McClelland, who lives at Akron ; Cora, George and Maude, all of whom are attending school; and Elva May, who died when seven months old. Mr. and Mrs. Soulsby attend Mt. Zion Methodist Episcopal church. In politics he is nominally a Democrat but casts his vote independently. Both he and wife are interested members of the Grange and the P. O. S. of A., Mrs. Soulsby being ex-ruler of the latter lodge at Olanta. They are representative people of Knox township. JOHN CLARK MAHAFFEY, assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Cherry Tree, Pa., was born at Glen Hope, Clearfield county, September 18, 1877, a son of William T. and Julia J. (Patchin) Mahafifey. His grandparents on the paternal side were John and Ella (Byers) Mahafifey, who resided in the first half of the nineteenth century on the old family homestead near Cherry Tree. Mr. Mahafi'ey's grandparents on the mater- 786 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY nal side were Col. Clark and Hetty G. Patchin. Col. Clark Patchin was noted in this section as a military officer in the Civil war, having been appointed two terms as brigadier- general under Gov. Curtin, of Pennsylvania. He was a fine specimen of military physique. He was organizer of almost all companies en- listing in the counties of Indiana, Clearfield and Cambria. William Tuttle Mahafifey, father of the sub- ject of this sketch, is one of the best known men in this part of Clearfield county. Born in 1848, his first occupation was teaching school, but he subsequently became associated with his father in the lumber business, and also con- ducted a general store for a short time at Cherry Tree. About 1878 he bought out an old manufacturing business and engaged in the manufacture of farm, lumber and saw-mill machinery, continuing in this business for twenty-one years. He then sold out and for some six years following was largely interes- ted in die lunil)cr business, being very success- ful. He finally retired and is now a resident of Cherry Tree. He was one of the founders of- the First National Bank of this place, in which his son is now assistant cashier; was also a founder and president of the Cherry Tree Electric Light Company, and a founder and director of the Cherrj' Tree Water Com- pany. He was twice married : first to Julia Jane, daughter of Col. Clark and Hetty (Gra- ham) Patchin, of which union there were six children, including our subject ; and secondly, in 1902 (his first wife having died in 1894) to Sarah Edmonson, who is still living. John Clark Mahafifey, after completing the usual school studies at the age of sixteen, en- tered upon a commercial course at the state normal school, graduating in 1900. He was then engaged for five years as auditor for the Pennsylvania Railroad on the C. & C. Divis- ion. On January 3, 1903, he entered upon his present position as assistant cashier of the First National Bank of Cherry Tree, of which, as already stated, his father was one of the founders, being still a director. Our subject is also interested in the coal and lumber busi- ness. He is a Republican in politics and is now serving as treasurer of the school board. He is also a director in the Cherry Tree Water Company. He is a member of the Methodist Protestant church of Cherry Tree, and has al- ways been connected with tlie Christian Ende- avor Society, having been president for a number of years. He is also a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows. An en- ergetic, capable business man, he bids fair to prove a worthy successor to his father in ad- vancing the moral and material interests of the town and its vicinity. Mr. Mahaffey was married June 17, 1908, to Mary Elinor Beyer, who was born at Punx- sutawney. Pa., June 14, 1883, a daughter of Dr. William F". and Margaret Ann Beyer. Dr. William F. Beyer is one of the oldest physi- cians in Punxsutawney. He is also interested in lumber and coal. He is president of the Punxsutawney Light Company, a stockholder in the First National Bank and a very influen- tial business man, outside his practice of med- icine. Mrs. Margaret Ann Beyer, mother of Mrs. J. C. Mahafifey and wife of Dr. William F. Beyer, was a woman of high character, and a very ardent church worker, being president and treasurer of several societies in the M. E. church of Punxsutawney. Her father, Ralston Mitchell, was a soldier in the Civil war and died in Libby prison. Mrs. Mahafifey is a graduate of the Punxsu- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS (87 tawney high school, and later of Shelton Hill School, Philadelphia, and was a student at Meadville College, in which latter institution she spent two years. She is an active member of the Presbyterian church, belonging to the Ladies' Aid Society and also to the Mission Society. EDGAR T. HENRY, an enterprising citi- zen and substantial farmer of Lawrence town- ship, resides on a fine farm of 125 acres, and was born November 4, 1868, in Lumber City, Pa., a son of Matthew and Mary Elizabeth (Straw) Henry, who were the parents of nine children. Edgar T. Henry was educated in the local schools of Lawrence township and at Cur- wensville. Pa., and then taught school seven teiTns in Elk county. Pa. Mr. Henry was then identified with the lumber industi-y and was employed as superintendent for J. H. Bren- nan of St. Mary's for five years, and at the end of that time came to his present farm of 125 acres. Mr. Henry oversees all the work- on his farm, but employs help to do the work, and has four tenants' dwellings on the place, besides two summer resort houses. There are two general orchards, two large barns, and all of the outbuildings are comparatively new. Locust Grove is located on his farm, as is also the Driftwood schoolhouse of this district, and the Pennsylvania Railroad rims through his farm, stopping directly in front of his door- way, thus making it very convenient in getting to the city. Mr. Henry is politically an independent Democrat, and is now serving his fourth year on the Lawrence township school board of \vhich he has been secretary for the past three years. While teaching in Elk county Mr. Henry served as auditor of this township for three years. He is a member of the Grange, and attends the Presbyterian church of Cur- wensville. Mr. Henry first married Elvira Goff of Elk county, and his second wife is Alice Wood of Clearfield county, Pa. They have three chil- dren : Audrey ; Joseph ; and Ida May. J. A. McOUOWN, an enterprising business man of DuBois, Pa., a concrete and paving contractor, at No. 502 Piffer street, has been a resident of this borough since 1908. He was born on his father's fami in South Mahoning township, Indiana county. Pa., July 21, 1865, and is a son of John and a grandson of John McQuown. John McQuown, the father, accompanied his father to Indiana county, and they settled near Marion Center. He spent the remainder of his life there, engaged in agricultural pursuits, his death occurring in 1894. He married Catherine Wiley, a native of Indiana county, where she still resides. Nine children were born to them, as follows: Clark; Elizabeth, deceased, who was the wife of J. E. Mat- thews ; Silas ; Josiah A. ; Hannah, deceased, who was the wife of Miles Fisher; Harvey, who is deceased ; Archie ; Sadie, who is the wife of George Parsons; and Charles, de- ceased. J. A. McQuown attended the country schools, helped his father and also worked at the carpenter's trade for some years. He was twenty-seven years of age when he left Indiana county and moved to Falls Creek, in Clearfield county, where he resided for eight years and then spent four years at Pittsburg and one year at Indiana, Pa., where he learned the concrete and paving business, with his 788 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY brother, Archie McQuown. Since 1908 he has been doing a large business in this hne at Du- Bois, giving employment to four men and hav- ing the contracts for the greater part of all the public work. Mr. McQuown is a thoroughly practical business man and has established himself in the confidence of his fellow citizens by the honest and efficient manner in which his important work has been done. He has in- vested in real estate here and has recently com- pleted a fine modern residence on PifYer street. On September 28, 1892, Mr. McQuown was married to Miss Edith M. McCall, a daughter of James M. and Annie (Ross) McCall, resi- dents of Falls Creek. They are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. He belongs to the order of Modern Woodmen. ORD L. NORRIS, a leading citizen of Pike township, residing on his farm of 340 acres, which is situated two and one-half miles north of Curwensville, was born on this farm, the old homestead, September 29, i860, and is a son of John Norris and a grandson of Moses Norris. Moses Norris was born and reared in Hunt- ingdon county. Pa., and there was married to Sarah Reed, a native of that county, and they lived there until after the birth of their first child, John. Then they moved to Lawrence townsliip, Clearfield county, settling with a brother-in-law, on 500 acres of land near Glen Riciiey. On that place three more children were bom, Nancy, Ellen and James. Moses Norris subsequently sold his first homestead and bought 160 acres of land near Blooming- ton and owned that property at the time of death. He cleared his land and engaged in lumbering and at the age of sixty years re- tired, having accumulated a comfortable com- petency. He and wife were charter members of the Center church and their ashes rest in the cemetery adjoining it. John Norris, son of Moses, was born in Huntingdon county in 181 1 and was nine months old when his parents moved to Law- rence township, Clearfield county. Although he had few school advantages he was much better educated than the majority of his school mates and became a teacher, first in Lawrence and later in Pike and Penn townships. After his marriage he engaged in farming for a time on tile homestead and then moved to Hoyt's Mill, in Ferguson township, where he operated a saw-mill for a time, after which he came to Pike township and secured 160 acres of wild and wooded land. He erected log buildings and in the course of time cleared 100 acres of his land and subsequently added more to his original holding. For many years he was a justice of the peace and almost always held some township office, both because he was bet- ter educated than the majority of his fellow citizens and because they had confidence in his honesty and integrity. He was a worthy mem- ber of the Methodist Episcopal cliurch at Cur- wensville. In his early manhood he was a Whig and later became a Republican. On September 11, 1834, John Norris mar- ried Priscilla E. Bloom, who was born in Pike township. Clearfield county, October 9, 1818, a daughter of Isaac Bloom, and si.xteen chil- dren were born to them, as follows: Sarah, born March 20, 1836, died July 5, 1865; Thomas S., born March 24, 1837, died in 1888, married Mary Jane Askey in 1858: Mary Jane, born May 30, 1838, was married January 29, 1863, to John Star; John H.. born March 26, 1840, was married March i, 1864, to Cecelia McCleary, born June 5, 1847; James AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 789 R., born September lo, 1841, was married June 24, 1866, to Martha Ann Caldwell; Isaac B., born July 31, 1843, was married December 20, 1866, to Hannah Ann Caldwell; Moses, born March 22, 1845, was married July 7, 1867, to M. Hockman; Martha, born January 14, 1847, was married September 5, 1869, to Jonathan Kirk; Clark B., born September 2, 1848, was married March 10, 1872, to Sarah E. Wain; EHzabeth, born May 12, 1850, was married August 15, 1883, to James Cassidy; George L., born April 25, 185 1, was married September 14, 1871, to Jane Gulick; Margaret H., born July 31, 1853, was married October 6, 1872, to Isaac M. Stage; Wesley, born May 21, 1855, married Bertha Brown; Levina H., born November 28, 1856, was married Septem- ber I, 1876, to Truman J. Wall; William W., born June 21, 1858, married Electa McNeel; and Ord L. The father of this family died September 6, 1894, having survived his wife since February 24, 1882. Their burial was in the Oak Hill Cemetery. Ord L. Norris attended the Chestnut Ridge school in his boyhood and afterward assisted in the cultivation of the home farm, on which he has always lived. He has also a one-lialf interest in 100 acres of grazing land in Pike Township. Mr. Norris carries on large farm in- dustries and is much interested in raising cattle and has done a great deal to raise the standard in Pike Township. He was one of the first to introduce Brown Swiss cattle in Clearfield County and now has a fine herd of these valu- able animals. Agricultural matters along every line have interested him greatly and he has studied the science of farming notably to his benefit. He is a member of the Clearfield County Agricultural Society and has been very prominent in the Susquehannah Grange at Cur- wensville, of which he is the present master, having previously served as gate keeper and steward. Mr. Norris was married on October 5, 1881, to Miss Ella C. Way, who was born in Center County, Pa., in Half Moon Township, Decem- ber 9, 1861, a daughter of Jacob B. and Julia M. (Downing) Way. Jacob B. Way was born in Center County July 20, 1836. On March 14, i860, he married Julia M. Downing, who was born January 20, 1842, a daughter of John Downing, who came to Clearfield County with his family of five children. Jacob B. Way con- tinued to live in Center County for several years after his marriage and then settled in Clearfield town, where he was engaged as freight agent for four and one-half years. He then moved to Girard Township and passed four years on a farm and from there came to a farm in Pike Township, where four more years were spent, following which he became freight and ticket agent for the Pennsylvania Railroad and also was postmaster until the time of his death, Oc- tober 9, 1897, a period of five years. His burial was in Oak Hill Cemetery. Both he ancLhis wife were members of the Methodist Episcopal church. The latter survives and resides with her son, R. K. Way, at Curwensville. Mr. Way was a Republican in politics and fraternally was connected with the Masons and Odd Fellows. In 1895 Mr. Way started the book and station- ery business which is continued at Curwens- ville by the fimi of T. & R. K. Way. Jacob B. and Julia M. Way's children were : Ella, who is the wife of Ord L. Norris ; Orten- sie, who was born April i, 1863 ; Olive M., who was born December 14, 1864, is the wife of W. P. Watson, of Clearfield, Pa. ; W. Calder ; How- ard L., born August 8, 1866; Clara D., who was born September 9, 1867, is the wife of 790 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY John N. Thompson; Ai Boynton, who was born Augvist 5, 1872, died March 11, 1874; Gertie Belle, who was born April 25, 1875, is the wife of D. L. Powell ; and R. K.. who was born Xo- veniber 4, 1878. Mr. and Mrs. Xorris have one son, Truman J., who is engaged in the dry cleaning business at Clearfield. He was bom in Pike Township, July 25, 1883. He married Miss Gussie Johns- ton, a daughter of Clayton Johnston, and they have one son, E. Edward. Mr. and Mrs. Xor- ris are members of the Methodist Episcopal church. Politically he is a Republican and has held public office, serving two terms as overseer of the poor in Pike Township. He has shown a public spirited and humane attitude in the es- tablishment and proper management of the county home. He is a stockholder in the Cur- wensville Xational Bank, and the Curvvensville Rural Telephone Ciimpany of Pike Township. He is identified with the lodge of Odd Fellows at Curwensville. Mr. Xorris is thus shown to be a capable business man and a broad minded, well intcntioncfl citizen. JOHX H. WEAVER, a well known fanner and dairyman of Burnside township, was born on the old Weaver homestead in this township, June I, 1868, son of John and Margaret G. (McGee) Weaver. He is a grandson of John Weaver, a native of Union county. Pa., who died in 1870 at the age of 90 years. John's wife, whose maiden name was Ruth Zinnner- man, died in 1873 ^^ the age of 90 years. John W'eaxer, father of our subject, accom- panied his parents when young to Burnside township. Clearfield county. He was a carpen- ter by trade, but also followed lumbering and rafting on the Susquehanna river. lie settled on the present Weaver homestead in 1867, at which time the locality was all timber land, which he cleared for his farm. In later years he erected for a residence one of the largest houses in this township. His death took place in 1895. He was married in 1853 'o Marga- ret G. McGee, who was born March 4. 1826, a daughter of Rev. James and Mary (Bamhart) McGee, who came from Center county in 1826, settling in Bell township, where they were among the prominent families. James McGee was the first postmaster at McGees Mills, when the first mail route was established between Curwensville and Indiana in 1833 and the Mc- Gees were charter members of the pioneer M. E. church in Bell township, this being about \HC)0. In addition to the subject of this sketch John and Margaret were the parents of two other children, namely: J. M. Weaver, a farmer and dairyman of Burnside township; and Sadie, who is the wife of \\'. B. Steven- son, of Mahaffey, Pa. Jnhn H. Weaver, after attending the local schools, became associated with his father in the lumbering and farming industries. He re- mained on the old homestead and as his parents ad\anced in years took care of them until their death, and he has since continued agricultural jnirsuits. establishing also a fine dairy business, in which he has been very successful, and is now regarded as one of the prosperous citizens of his township. A man well thought of by his fellow citizens, he has ser\^ed in public of- fice. ha\ing been supervisor for two tenns and one term auditor of the township. Politically he is a Democrat. He belongs to the Odd Fel- lows' lodge at Burnside and also to the Grange at New Washington. Mr. W'eaver was married July 6, 1898. to Eva Cummings. who was born at Xew Wash- ington. Pa.. May 13, 1869, a daughter of John AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 791 M. and Elizabeth (Mahaffey) Cummings. Her father who was one of the early merchants of New Washington — a member of the firm of Weaver & Cmnmings, died in 1892. His wife Elizabeth was the daughter of Thomas and Margaret (Mitchell) Mahaffey; she died in 1888. Mrs. Weaver's brothers and sisters now living are — Margaret, who is employed as a teacher at New Washington, Pa. ; Molly, residing at home; Elizabeth, wife of F. W. Stricher, of New Washington; and Sarah, who is a teacher in Clearfield. The children of our subject and wife are, Robert, born May 4, 1902; James, bom Sept. 10, 1906; and Sarah, born April 27, 1907. Mr. Weaver is also rearing a nephew of his wife, Ray Cummings, who has resided with them since infancy. LEWIS E. BAILEY, who resides on the farm on which he was born, on April i, 1863, which consists of 240 acres of valuable land, situated in Pike Township, Clearfield County, Pa., two and one-half miles north of Curwens- ville, belongs to one of the old families of this section and is a substantial and representative citizen. He is a son of Abraham and Nancy (Caldwell) Bailey and a grandson of Daniel and Jane (Passmore) Bailey. Daniel Bailey, the grandfather, was born in Lycoming County, Pa., in 1794, and died in 1876. He married Jane Passmore, whose fa- ther was Abraham Passmore, and she lived to be seventy-nine years of age. After marriage they lived on the Lydia Way farm in Pike Township, which is now owned by Leonard Neeper, and on that place their three oldest children were bom, Maria, Isaac and Abra- ham. They then moved to the fami which is now occupied by their grandson, Lewis E. Bailey. It was then a tract of 100 acres to which Daniel Bailey added until he owned 400 acres. He cleared practically the entire farm and lived on it until his death. On this farm nine more children were born, as follows : Jo- seph; Mrs. Anna Anspach, who lives in Iowa; Ruth, George, Calvin, Harrison, Levi, Lewis and Newton, all of whom are now deceased. Newton Bailey was a veteran of the Civil War and after its close he moved to Iowa for a time but died in Clearfield County. Abraham Bailey was born November 17, 1819. He helped his father to clear the land in Pike Township and passed almost all of his life on the homestead, where his death occurred December 16, 1904. At the time of his de- cease he was one of the large landowners of the township; having 400 acres. His father was probably the first coal operator in this lo- cality, opening a coal bank on his own property, in early days selling down the river but later working the bank only for his own use. Abra- ham Bailey was identified with the Republican party and at times served in township offices. He was a well known and highly respected man. He married Nancy Caldwell, who was bom in Pike Township, in 1814, a daughter of Alexander Caldwell, and died March 16, 1905. Both she and husband were members of the Methodist Episcopal church, of which he was a trustee and steward, and their burial was in the Center Cemetery. To Abraham and Nancy Bailey the following children were born : Hannah, who is the wife of William Lawhead, of Pike Township ; Elizabeth, who was acci- dentally killed by a falling tree when she was about thirty years of age ; Frances Ella, de- ceased, who was the wife of Harvey Loughrey, of Indiana County, Pa. ; Samuel D., who is a physician at Clearfield ; Lewis E. ; and Marga- 792 HISTORY OF CLEARFIELD COUNTY ret, who is the wife of Albert Straw, of Clear- field. Lewis E. Bailey enjoyed excellent school ad- vantages, attending the Pleasant Grove school, the Cnrwensville public schools and for two years was a student in the University of Penn- sylvania. Although well qualified for a pro- fessional life. Mr. Bailey preferred agriculture and returned and engaged in fanning and dai- rying on the homestead. Although his father built the present farm house, Mr. Bailey has put up a number of the other substantial farm structures and has made many improvements. He carries on agriculture according to modem methods and is one of the active members of the Susquehannah Grange, which is largely made up of the most intelligent and progressive farmers of this section. Mr. Bailey was married in 1888, to Miss Jennie M. Adams, who was born at Philips- burg. Pa., a daughter of Alexander and Mar- garet B. Adams. Mr. and Mrs. Bailey have had ten children, namely : Xoi;nian, who was born October 31, 1889; Margaret, who was born September 4, 1891, and died November 8, 1891 ; Alexander C, who was born September 5, 1892; Daniel A., who was born June 5, 1894; Helen Marie, who was born September 28, 1895; Abraham S., who was bom Febm- ary i, 1897; Elizabeth, who was bom January 28, 1899: Ellsworth, who was borrr June 22, 1900; Louise E., who was born November 12, 1902: and Charles G.. who was bom May 28, 1907. Mr. Bailey and family are members of the Pleasant Grove Methodist Episcopal church, in which he is steward, and also is a member of the board of tmstees. In politics he is a Republican and has sen-ed at times on the election board and one term as township clerk but he has never lieen anxious for political honors, being more closely interested in agri- cultural affairs and in public school advance- ment. JAMES WATSON,* a substantial and rep- resentative citizen of Bradford Township, for many years has resided on his well improved farm of 120 acres, which is favorably located six miles north of Woodland. Mr. Watson was born in Center County, Pa., in 1844, and is a son of William and Catherine (Griffin) Watson. \\'illiam Watson was born also in Center County, where his father had settled when he came from Ireland. He was a shoemaker and followed his trade until his accidental death by drowning in the river, in 1857, in Bradford Township, Clearfield County. In 1843 he moved into Lawrence Township, this county, and five years later into Bradford Township, settling on the Thomas Holt property. His widow survived a long time, dying at the age of eighty-seven years. James Watson attended the district schools in his youth with as much regularity as did the average country boy and early made farm- ing his choice of occupation. After marriage, in 1868, he settled on the farm on which he has lived and has carried on general farming and stock raising for some forty-two years. He follows methods of agriculture which he has proved suitable as to climate and soil and his stock has been remuneratively increased each season through proper feeding and atten- tion. His activities have been those of an in- dustrious, common sense, intelligent farmer and he has prospered accordingly. He has always taken an interest in public matters, es- pecially those concerning his own county and township, and has served as a county commis- AND REPRESENTATIVE CITIZENS 793 sioner, school director and township supervisor and road master. In 1868 Mr. Watson was married to Miss Amy Graham and six children were born to them, four of whom survive, namely : C. D., who married T. L. Livingston, of Bradford Township, and has four children; Arthur; Minnie, who married E. P. Echiley ; and Lam- rah. The first and second bom children, Wil- liam and Reed, died just one year apart, the for- mer when three years old and the latter wlien but two years of age. Mr. Watson's surviving children have all been given public school ad- vantages and are well infomied men and women. Mr. and Mrs. Watson are members of the Methodist church. JOSEPH A. KUJAWA, who is engaged in the merchant tailoring business at Curwens- ville. Pa., has been established here since 1891 and is one of the representative business men in his line, at Curwensville. He was born in Germany. November 17, 1867, and is a son of Joseph and Agnes Kujawa, who spent their lives in Germany. Joseph A. Kujawa was fifteen years old when he came to America, landing at New York and from there coming to Clearfield, Pa. He learned his trade with his brother, Anthony Kujawa, at Clearfield, working in the shop there for three and one-half years, after which he traveled as a journeyman and worked at his trade in man)^ of the largest cities of the country, including Pittsburg, Cleveland. Chi- cago, St. Louis, Kansas City, Omaha and Memphis. He then went to New York and took a course in the cutting school of the John J. Mitchell Company, after which he worked for a time in one of the fashionable establish- ments on Fifth Avenue. Mr. Kujawa then came back to Clearfield and worked for one winter for his brother, in April, 1891, com- ing from there to Curwensville where he opened up a merchant tailoring establishment for himself, since when he has clianged his quarters several times, being now well settled in the Graff Building. From long experience he has become a very expert cutter and work- man and has secured a large trade from those who are particular as to the quality and fit of their garments. He has prospered and now is inter