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Presented wil:f\^ 
 Qom^liments of 
 
 Newell &Bow^ 
 
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 A 
 
 MANUFACTURES 
 
 Oneida Countv 
 
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 ORDERS EXECUTED FOR CASH OR ON MARGIN 
 
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P^EF/lTOifY. 
 
 ¥HE vast extent of our country, the distance fhat often 
 separates producer and manufacturer, and the obstacles 
 to universal travel, form an amply sufficient excuse for 
 the publication of this work. 
 It is highly desirable that information with regard to a com- 
 munity so useful and progressive in trade and manufactures should 
 be as widely diffused as possible ; and though no claim is made that 
 this volume is a perfect reflex of Oneida County in this respect, it 
 is confidently asserted that no previous publication, with a similar 
 object, has contained so much new or valuable matter. No one 
 who has not had practical experience in compihng such a work, can 
 form any idea of how much labor, patience and perseverance has- 
 been bestowed on its preparation. In pursuing our investigations 
 we have been treated with universal courtesy, and are indebted to 
 so many, that we cannot return thanks to each, individually, but we 
 here render our acknowledgment to all, collectively. 
 
 The reader may be assured that an account of the best, most 
 honorable, intelligent and successful corporations, firms and individ- 
 uals in Utica, Rome, and vicinity, together with a detailed descrip- 
 tion of their enterprises will be found within these pages, and that 
 all exaggerations with regard to such have been sedulously avoided. 
 Designed for circulation among those residing in other localities, as 
 well as in this section, and who are unacquainted with the true 
 magnitude of this county and its extraordinary facilities, we are 
 assured that this work will perform a mission of the highest utility, 
 and with this belief, we commend it to the preservation and atten- 
 tion of our readers. 
 
 Utica, N. Y., September, 1883. 
 

 -4-^ 
 
 a. E. Dunham. Historical Sketches. J P. McKinney, Business Manager. 
 
 I. J. Isaacs. Editor and Compiler. 
 
 fe5:^fe:i^>TT-^ 
 
 ^^M'^w'mi 
 
 CuRTiss & Childs, Printers, 167 Genesee Street, Utica, N. Y. 
 
OFmJ)/ COFWTY. 
 
 [EW counties, if indeed any, can be found m the State of New York about 
 'hich cluster so much of historic interest as about Oneida county. De- 
 riving its name from a once famous tribe of Indians, it is connected insepa- 
 rably with the earliest history of the Empire State. To New York did not 
 belong the honor of being the landing place of the Mayflower, or the seat of 
 the Colonial Grovernment, but its part in forming the Union and laying the 
 foundation of the present prosperous republic should not, on this account, be 
 underestimated. The State was mainly settled by thrifty Dutchmen, who in 
 their time made New York what it is in ours, the commercial metropolis of the 
 new world. The present generation is too apt to forget its indebtedness to its 
 ancestors, and take to itself all the credit. The busy, wide-awake and pushing 
 present, it is true, is enterprising and thrifty, but the business men of to-day 
 are the descendants of a generation that is gone, whose life was one of trade 
 and commerce. 
 
 The people who settled in the Mohawk Yalley were made up of two 
 classes : one the descendants of hardy New Englanders, and tjie other known 
 by the euphonious appellation of the "Mohawk Dutch." As years passed by, 
 new races and people settled in this fertile valley, and our population to-day 
 finds in it representatives of almost every nation on the globe. As New York 
 is the Empire State, so Oneida has been called the " Banner county." Cen- 
 trally situated and very populous, its prominence in commerce, manufactures 
 and politics gives it a front rank among its fellows. Its citizens have ever 
 been foremost in all that goes to make a county, or a State, prosperous. Its 
 manufacturing interests are numerous, and scarce a hamlet can be found in the 
 county which is not the seat of some industry, giving employment to men or 
 women. Its two cities, Utica and Eome, are commercial centers for a widely 
 extended section of country. Its numerous villages are thrifty and enter- 
 prising. 
 
 The student of American history finds much in Oneida county to interest 
 and instruct. Midway between Utica and Eome is the field on which was 
 fought the battle of Oriskany, where Greneral Herkimer was wounded, but still 
 directed the movements of his men. A few miles north, Baron Steuben is 
 buried in the town named in his honor. At Rome, Fort Stanwix stood. July 
 4th, 1883, the Oneida Historical Society dedicated at Utica a monument erected 
 to commemorate the spot where once Fort Schuyler stood. On the villao-e 
 green at Whitesboro there is soon to be erected a monument, to indicate and 
 honor the place where the first settlement was made in all this, then, western wil- 
 derness. Near this place is a spring, made famous from the fact that of its waters 
 Gen, Greorge Washington and La Fayette once drank. Excavations in various 
 parts have revealed evidences of Indian habitations and battle grounda There 
 are a hundred other places of minor historical value, some of which we shall 
 refer to hereafter. Everything goes to show that Oneida county occupies a 
 prominent place in the early history of this country. 
 
 What is now known as New York was once called New Netherlands, and 
 was afterward called in honor of the Duke of York, to whom the colony was 
 
10 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 granted, in 1664, by Charles 11. The Legislature divided it into twelve counties 
 in 1683. The counties were New York, Albany, Dutchess, Kings, Queens, 
 Orange, Ulster, Eichmond, Suffolk, Westchester, Dukes and Cornwallis, and 
 in 1768 Cumberland was added, and in 1770 Gloucester. In 1693 Dukes and 
 Cornwall went over to Massachusetts, and now parts of Gloucester and Cum- 
 berland are included in the State of Vermont. Of what remained of these, the 
 county cf Tryon was formed in 1772 from Albany county, and embraced apart 
 of what is now Schoharie county. Gov. Tryonwas extremely objectionable to 
 the residents of that section because he was wantonly cruel, especially to the 
 Americans during the Eevolution. It was owing to their feeling of hostility 
 towards Tryon that they rebelled against his name, and so great was the public 
 aversion that the name of the county was changed to Montgomery, in honor of 
 the brave man who fell at Quebec. At the same time the county was divided 
 into five districts, Mohawk, Canajoharie, Palatine, German Flats, and Kings- 
 laud. The latter took in all of what is now the northern part of Herkimer 
 county. In the year 178H the population of Montgomery county was 15,057. 
 
 Having traced the advance of civilization westward to this point we find 
 in 1788 the first official record of any part of Oneida county recognized in a 
 division of the State. By an act dated March 7, 1788, the township of German 
 Flats was divided and the new part called White's Town. One of the points in 
 the boundary of the new division was ihe house of William Cunningham, 
 which stood on what is now the lower part of Genesee St. in Utica. In 1789 
 the county of Ontario was formed, and in 1791 Montgomery county was 
 divided into the counties of Otsego, Herkimer and Tioga. At this time the 
 bounds of Ontario county were changed. Herkimer county at this time in- 
 cluded what is niow Oneida county. In 1792 Whitestown was divided into the 
 towns of Westmoreland, Steuben, Paris, Mexico and Peru. The first town 
 meeting in Whitestown was held at the house of Jedediah Sanger. Onondaga 
 county was carved out of this territory in 1794. In l'i95 Cazenovia was made 
 up of Whitestown and Paris, and the towns of Hamilton, Sherburne, Brook- 
 field and Sangerfield were formed from the town of Paris. In 1796 the towns of 
 Kome and Floyd were formed from the territory before included in Steuben. 
 In the following year Steuben was still further divided by the formation of Ley- 
 den and Western. In passing, we mention that the first town meeting in Steu- 
 ben was held at the house of Baron Steuben. Ezek. Sheldon's residence was 
 similarly honored by Western and Andrew Edmonds' by Leyden. In 1797 
 Trenton was made from Schuyler. In the same year Bridgewater was formed 
 from Sangerfield. In 1799 Camden was formed from Mexico. Under the re- 
 vision of the laws in 1801 the boundaries of Oneida county were fixed as fol- 
 lows: "All that part of this State bounded easterly by the county of Herki- 
 mer, northerly by the county of Clinton and by the western bounds of this 
 State, from the most westerly corner of the county of Clinton to a place in 
 Lake Ontario where the said northern bounds shall be intersected by the pre- 
 emption line, — continued due north, westerly by the line last mentioned to the 
 south bank of Lake Ontario, and southerly by the counties of Cayuga, Onon- 
 daga and Chenango, and the southern bounds of the patent granted to William 
 Bayard and others, called the Free Mason's Patent." In the act of the same 
 year the towns of Oneida county were described as "Bridgewater, Deerfield, 
 Trenton, Paris, Whitestown, Remsen, Floyd, Steuben, Western, Leyden, Rome, 
 Camden, Redfield, Watertown, Champion, Lowville, Turin, Mexico, Westmore- 
 land and Augusta." It will be seen at a glance that the territory then included 
 was much greater than at present. In 1802 St. Lawrence was formed from 
 Oneida with much the same territory as it has at present. In that year the 
 towns of Vernon and Verona were added to Oneida. In 1805 Camden was 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 1 1 
 
 divided and Florence formed. The counties of Jefferson and Lewis were 
 carved out of the northern part of Oneida county, and by the same act each of 
 the three counties were entitled to a member of assembly. The boundary line 
 established in 1805 was substantially the same as that of Oneida countv at pres- 
 ent. Lee was formed from Western in 1808, and in 1816 the town of Bengal 
 was called Vienna. In that year Oswego county was formed. Utica was cut 
 out of Whitestown in 1817, and in 1828 Annsville was made up of parts of 
 Lee, Florence, Camden and Vienna. In 1827 New Hartford was formed from 
 Whitestown, and Kirkland from Paris. In 1829 Marshall was formed from 
 Kirkland; Marcy from Deerfield in 1832; Ava from Boonville in 1846. 
 
 The county of Oneida is now bounded on the north by Lewis and Oswego 
 counties, on the east by Herkimer county, on the south by Otsego and Mad- 
 ison counties, and on the west by Madison and Oswego counties. From it the 
 water runs in all directions. The Mohawk river takes water to'theeast; a 
 branch of the Chenango river takes it south, small streams emptying into 
 Oneida lake flow west, and the Black river runs north and its waters find their 
 way into the St. Lawrence, Within the county are several streams along whose 
 banks are numerous mills, who utilize the water power. Among these are the 
 Nine Mile, West Canada, Sauquoit, Oriskany and Lansing Kill. To the geol- 
 ogist the county possesses great interest. The Trenton limestone and Black 
 River rocks are familiar to all. There is also the Utica slate and the Hudson 
 River shale and sandstone. In many places the rocks yield fossils, and espe- 
 cially about Trenton Falls the student of geology finds material worth looking 
 at In the town of Kirkland there are beds of iron ore which are at present 
 profitably worked. 
 
 Whitestown's first town meeting was held at Daniel C. White's house, 
 April 7, 1789. The meeting quickly adjourned to Hugh White's barn. Col. 
 Jedediab Sanger was elected Supervisor. The second town meeting was held 
 April 6, 1790, at Capt. Needham Maynard's barn, where Major Colbrath re- 
 ceived fifty-five votes and Col. Jedediah Sanger thirty-four votes, for the office 
 of Supervisor ; Major Colbrath was thereupon declared elected. But after the 
 election, a good many who had failed to arrive in time to vote, complained that 
 they had not had a chance to exercise the privilege of the ballot. So to be 
 obliging, another town meeting was called for the next day at the same place. 
 There must have been some clever wire pulling, if no bribery, for the result of 
 the second election was one hundred and nineteen votes for Sanger and not 
 one for Colbrath. To us this way of doing business seems decidedly unique. The 
 first court was held at the Whitestown meeting house in January, 1794. Judge 
 Henry Staring was on the bench. The Court convicted eight men of assault 
 and battery, and fined them, all the way from sixteen shillings to three pounds 
 each. At this term of court five civil cases were tried. The first Circuit Court 
 was held at the school house, near Fort Stanwix, in September, 1798, and the 
 first Oyer and Terminer in June of the same year. At the second session of 
 the Oyer and Terminer the grand jury found but a single indictment and that 
 was against a man who had stolen a yoke of oxen. The culprit got three years 
 in State's prison. When the Oyer and Terminer of 1800 convened, there was 
 but a single case to be tried. Major Watson was the prisoner and he was 
 charged with having trespassed on Indian lands. The first term of the Oneida 
 Common Pleas was held at the Fort Stanwix school house in May, 1798, 
 
 Having thus given a rapid sketch of the formation of the county and some 
 incidents connected with the times, it will be with profit that we retrace our 
 steps and study further the settlement of some of the towns of the county, and 
 study more in detail the history of Oneida. 
 
12 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 Whitestown was the seat of the first permanent settlement in the coanty, 
 or for that matter in the State, west of the Dutch settlements in the Mohawk 
 valley. The Revolution was over and the victory won, when some of the New 
 Englanders thought that the fertile valleys of New York State opened for them 
 a field for enterprise and labor. The soldiers, who in the French and Indian 
 wars had penetrated so far west as Fort Stanwix, gave glowing accounts of the 
 land. Their reports were substantiated* by men who had been missionaries 
 among the Indians living in that section. On the 5th of June, 1784, Hugh 
 White reached the ])lace now known as Whitestown. He was fifty-one years 
 of age at the time, and came from the town of Middletown, Conn. He was 
 accompanied by four sons, his daughter and a daughter-in-law. He came by 
 water as far as Albany, going over to Schenectady by land, and thence by the 
 Mohawk. He landed at the mouth of the Sauquoit creek, about a mile north- 
 east of the present village of Whitestown. On their way up they tilled a few 
 acres of land at a place called Shoemakers, just west of Utica, and planted it to 
 corn, returning in the fall to harvest the crop. Judge Hugh White was one of 
 four purchasers of the Sadaqueda Patent, and by agreement the sections were 
 given out by lot, and he drew that part now included by the township which 
 bears his name. On landing it was his first work to build a temporary shanty 
 on the banks of the Sauquoit, after which he looked about him for a site on 
 which to erect a permanent dwelling. The spot chosen was what is now the 
 eastern end of the village green, on which a monument is to be erected next 
 June, and at which place a centennial celebration will be held. His house was 
 constructed by digging into the bank making an underground apartment ; 
 forked trees upheld the ridge pole, and the roof was made of slabs. About 
 four acres were cleared about the house. In the next January, White returned 
 to Connecticut and brought his wife and the other members of his family. 
 Travel in those times was difficult, and the journey of Hugh AVhite after his 
 family was attended with more trouble than a trip to California at the present. 
 The first mill erected in this section was a grist mill, located on the Sauquoit, 
 between Whitesboro and Utica, in 1788. Its owners were Amos Wetmore, 
 John Beardsley and Judge White. It became involved in a law suit, which is 
 reported in Caine's Cases in Error, Vol. II., page 87. Before the building of 
 this mill the settlers made hominy in wooden mortars b}^ pounding the corn 
 until sufficiently fine. These mortars were made by taking an ash log and 
 burning out the center of it with live coals, thus making a large, deep bowl. 
 It was a notion for years that no machinery could make as good hominy as that 
 beaten up in this rude manner. One of the greatest inconveniences with which 
 those early settlers had to deal was the scarcity of animal food. To be sure 
 they had cattle, but they had not enough to enable them to afford to kill any. 
 Game was about the only meat that could be obtained after the supply brought 
 from the East had been exhausted. Philo, the youngest son of Judge White, 
 was the hunter of the family. He was about 16 years of age and enjoyed his 
 share of supplying the table. Pigeons were very plenty in the Spring, and 
 the people were accustomed to kill great quantities of them and take the breasts 
 and salt them down. Game was fairly plenty and young Philo is said to have 
 shot deer on his own farm. The deprivations to which these early settlers were 
 subjected can scarcely be imagined. Isolated from all society they did not see 
 a stranger of their own color for weeks at a time. There were no churches or 
 schools. Until the erection of the Sauquoit grist mill the nearest place for 
 grinding corn was Palatine. To secure flour they must make a journey there, 
 following only a trail over which they could not drive a wagon. It must have 
 been very hard for the women to live happily, for they were unable to run into 
 one neighbor's house to find fault with another neighbor's new bonnet. Gossip 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. Ig 
 
 was a commodity little dealt in and only made its appearance with the increas- 
 ing population. Judge White was a shrewd as well as an industrious man. 
 He worked faithfully to raise fine crops, and when he had succeeded in grow- 
 ing an extra large ear of corn or a fine specimen of wheat or oats, he would 
 send it to his friends in the East as a sample of what the land in Central New 
 York was producing. In this way he induced many of his friends to move to 
 his settlement and make it their home. It was but a few years before Whites- 
 boro became a flourishing little village. Amos Wetmore settled there in 1785, 
 and Thomas Gold in 1792. Noticeable among the gentlemen who followed the 
 lead of Hugh White, were Gerrit G. Lansing, William G. Tracy, Caleb Doug- 
 lass, Elizur Mosley, Enoch Story, Arthur Breese, Eeuben Wilcox, George Doo- 
 little and Jonas Piatt. Of these, Jonas Piatt was the clerk of the county and 
 afterwards elected to the State Senate. In 1810 he was nominated for Gov- 
 ernor of the State by the Federalists, but was easily defeated by D. D. Tomp- 
 kins. In 1814, he was made Justice of the Supreme Court. Judge Piatt was 
 one of the most influential men of the times. Pie served ably on the bench 
 for many years, and it may be taken as an evidence of his honesty, that on his 
 retirement into private life his finances were low and he died in comparative 
 poverty. He was an elder in the Presbyterian Church at Whitesboro. Gen- 
 eral George Doolittle was a shoemaker by trade, and throughout his campaigns 
 he carried his kit of tools with him and made considerable money by mending 
 his soldiers' shoes. This money he carefully saved and it formed the capital on 
 which he commenced the tanning business in Whitesboro. Dr. Elizur Mosley, 
 for whom a street in Whitesboro is now named, when he went out of office 
 was the oldest postmaster in the United States. He was appointed sheriff in 
 1799. Thomas B. Gold was another prominent man of those times. He rep- 
 resented his district in Congress in 1810-11-12-13. He was said to have been 
 the most industrious man in the House and achieved a reputation as being the 
 last man to retire at night and the first to be on duty in the morning. At the 
 time of the building of the Presbyterian church at Whitesboro, he and Judge 
 Piatt, with their own hands, assisted in doing the griiding. Among the earliest 
 merchants was William G. Tracy, who established a reputation for fair dealing. 
 Another instance of Judge White's shrewdness and good judgment, was found 
 in his dealings with the Indians, some of whom infested this section in early 
 times. The Oneidas, alone of the Six Nations, kept_ their professions of friend- 
 ship for the Americans. For some years after White settled here there was an 
 Indian clearing of 200 acres at Oriskany. At the time when he made his 
 settlement there was among the Oneidas an old chief named Han Yerry, who 
 had been nicknamed the '' Colonel." One day Han Yerry called on White and 
 said: "Are you my friend?" "Yes," answered the Judge. " Well, then," 
 said Han Yerry, " Do you believe I am your friend?" " I believe you are," 
 replied Judge White. Han Yerry then said, " If you are my friend and you 
 beheve I am your friend, I will tell you what I want and then I shall know 
 whether you speak true words." When the Judge inquired what Han Yerry 
 wanted, he pointed to Judge White's little grandchild, the daughter of one of 
 his sons, about three years old, and said : " My squaw wants to take this pap- 
 poose home with us to stay one night and bring her home to-morrow ; if you 
 are my friend you will now show me." Judge White's first feeling was that of 
 aversion to having the little one placed in the keeping of the Indian. The 
 mother was horrified and pressed her child closely to her breast. A hasty con- 
 sultation was held. The Judge realized the situation and knew that a refusal 
 would set the chief against him and his family, and perhaps might be followed 
 by persecutions from the neighboring tribe. Prudence prevailed, and against 
 the mother's wish, the child was loaned to Han Yerry, who took it home with 
 
14 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 him. Judge White placed confidence in the Indian, which he seemed to appre- 
 ciate. The night seemed long and longer still the succeeding day. The after- 
 noon dragged slowly on, and still the child had not returned. Fears were en- 
 tertained that all was not right. It was well nigh sun-down when the chief 
 and his squaw, with the child, came up to Judge White's residence. The little 
 one's clothes had been changed to an Indian costume, and the little girl was 
 to all appearances, except complexion, a pappoose. No harm had come to her 
 and this incident did much to cement the bonds of friendship which existed 
 between the Whites and their copper-colored neighbors. Another interesting 
 incident is related of Judge White. One day an athletic and well-built Indian 
 of the Oneida tribe came to Hugh White's house, and in the course of his stay 
 came off the victor in several wrestling contests. At length the Indian insisted 
 on trying tittles with Judge White, who was at that time old and portly. The 
 eludge, believing that the best way would be to accept the challenge, and remem- 
 bering that when he was young he was considered a good wrestler, tackled the 
 wily son of the forest. After some preliminary skirmishing the Judge threw 
 his antagonist, falling on him with his full two hundred and fifty pounds and 
 knocking the wind clear out of the Indian. As Judge White arose the Indian 
 murmured, " Ugh ! you good fellow too much." On every hand are found in- 
 stances of Judge White's kindness of heart. He was a man full of good deeds. 
 The descendants of the first settlers say they have often heard their ancestors 
 speak of him in the highest terms of praise. He was not a man of fine edu- 
 cation, but had made the most of his advantages. To his energy, industry and 
 American pluck Oneida county owes much of its present prosperity. His 
 dealings with the Indians were always marked with good judgment. The 
 Oneida Indians elected him a member of their tribe, and he accepted the prof- 
 fered honor and was initiated with imposing ceremonies. In time he saw that 
 it would be worth while to endeavor to secure a division of the militia at 
 Whitestown, and accordingly Gov. Clinton was appealed to, and replied, that if 
 thirty men could be raised to form a company, a commission would be issued. 
 The company was organized and a Daniel C. White was appointed Colonel. 
 
 The first person who died in Whitestown was an aunt of Judge White named 
 Mrs. Blacksly. The first white child born there was Esther White, a daughter 
 of Daniel C. White, who was born in 1785. She became the wife of Hon. 
 Henry R Storr?. 
 
 A meeting was held April 1, 1793, for the purpose of organizing a religious 
 society, and a committee was named to draft a constitution. At the close of 
 the first half century of the existence of the church. Rev. Walter preached a 
 sermon appropriate to the occasion. Among other things, he said : 
 
 " We have learned that more than half a century since, wlien this country 
 was comparatively new, some settlers organized themselves into a religious and 
 ecclesiastical society, called a pastor, the Rev. Bethuel Dodd, who was settled 
 over them in August, 1794. This was the first Presbyterian Church west of 
 Albany. Fourteen persons were received into the communion January 1, 1795. 
 The first house of worship was dedicated in 1801, and the pastor's funeral at- 
 tended in it a few weeks after. * * * Five pastors have officiated succes- 
 sively in this church, two of whom have gone to their rest. Statistics furnish 
 ample occasion for gratitude and praise. * * * 
 
 " When Mr. Frost was settled over this church there were fifty metnbers 
 living in the village of Whitesboro, and of these only four were male members. 
 * * * When Mr. Dodd was settled here Utica was hardly in exi:?tence, and 
 formed no part of his charge. As it increased he preached there occasionally, 
 perhaps once a month, and then once in two weeks, and before his death one- 
 half the time. 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 15 
 
 " Thus we see froro the grace of spiritual seed sown here more than fifty years 
 since, a large tree has grown up, beneath whose branches hundreds, nay thou- 
 sands, have sat and been refreshed witli the dews of heaven. This is properly 
 the parent church of four ecclesiastical organizations around it, which number 
 in the aggregate several hundred communicants." 
 
 In 1796 Rev. Stephen Parsons, a Baptist preacher from Middletown, Conn., 
 visited friends at Whitestown. While there he baptized fourteen persons. In 
 December of the same year he accepted an invitation to become the pastor of 
 the first church of that persuasion in that section. For several years the Bap- 
 tists for miles around came here to worship. In those days preachers were 
 scarce, and when Elder Parsons resigned his pastorate, Deacon Douglass, a pious 
 man, became a minister and took his place as pastor. At a much later date the 
 Rev. William A, Matson established Episcopal churches at Whitestown and 
 Oriskany. 
 
 In 1787 there were only seven houses in what is now known as Whitestown. 
 At that time five at Rome, three in Oriskany, three in Westmoreland and three 
 in Utica. " The Whitestown Country " was way out west, and was a month's 
 journey from Boston. The Oriskany Manufacturing Company was incorporated 
 in 1811, and was one of the first corporations of its kind in the United States. 
 
 We have given so much space to a sketch of Whitestown, because in point 
 of interest it is second to the history of no other town in the county. The 
 commencement of Whitestown was virtually that of Oneida county, and for 
 years it was the chief place. It was the first and foremost place of the times. 
 In point of population, and the culture and enterprise of its citizens, it stood 
 unrivalled. It furnished the example for sister townships to follow. Years ago 
 no better society could anywhere be found, and this was a matter of 
 pride among the inhabitants of the place. They were important and they 
 knew it. The people were odd in their way, to be sure, (that is, they seem so to 
 us,) yet they followed, and in this section led, the custom. Mrs. Whitcher, in 
 her book called "Widow Bedott " poked fun at some of the old fogies and 
 ridiculed them all right merrily. The author's father kept a tavern, for years, 
 jilst opposite where the Park Ilouse stands now. In a public house the author 
 found plenty of opportunity to study human nature as seen in the characteris- 
 tics of her neighbors. The book is an exaggerated description of Whitestown 
 society years ago. The place failed to keep pace with the advancement of its 
 neighboring towns, and some time since seemed to get its growth. Of Whites- 
 town as it now is we shall speak hereafter in another connection. 
 
 Another town claims our attention, not for its present size but on account 
 of its founders and its contributions to the cause of education. The first settlers 
 in Kirkland were Moses Foot and his three sons, Barnabas. Paul and Solomon 
 Hovey. February 27, 1786, James Bronson, slept a night on the village green 
 at Clinton, and was, without doubt, the first white man to pass the night in what 
 has since become a fine village. Ludnim Blodget built a log cabin and soon 
 there was quite a settlement. Mrs. Solomon Hovey was the first woman to ar- 
 rive at the village and her coming caused great preparation in honor of the 
 event The little community thrived and grew. It was called Clinton in 
 honor of George Clinton, who was then Governor. He and George Washington 
 were at that time joint owners of several farms in Oneida county. There were 
 enough families in the settlement to have a few unmarried people, and afforded 
 a chance for sparking to the lads and lassies. In 1788 the first public wedding 
 was Roger Leverett and Elizabeth Cheesbrough ; other couples had been pri- 
 vately married. Clinton Foot was the first child born in the village. Col. 
 Timothy Tuttle built the first frame house and Ebenezer Butler the second. 
 The first thief of this vicinity was Samuel McBride, an Irishman, who distin- 
 
16 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 guished himself by stealing 1800 silver dollars. Among the first parsons was 
 Rev. Samuel Eells, who came from Branford, Oonn. He had a clever scheme in 
 the way of religion which doubtless accomplished good results, though it may 
 not have been just orthodox. If any one was not willing to become a genuine 
 convert and take the whole covenant which embraced Christianity they could 
 take the " half covenant," which called for a good moral character and historic 
 faith. Any one could swear allegiance to such a doctrine without doing vio- 
 lence to any prejudice. The idea was that "half a loaf was better than no 
 bread," and if a person could not be truly religious in the fullest acceptance of 
 the term it would be better to have some restraint. In 1791 Dr. Edwards start- 
 ed a Congregational Church, with about thirty members. On January 81, 1793, 
 the Hamilton Oneida Academy was incorporated by the Regents of the Uni- 
 versity. The first Board of Trustees were Alexander Hamilton, John Lansing,. 
 Egbert Benson, Dan Bradley, Eli Bristol, Erastus Clark, James Dean, Moses 
 Foot, Thomas R. Gold, Sewal Hopkins, Michael Myers, Jonas Piatt, Jedediah 
 Sanger, John Sergeant, Timothy Tuttle and Samuel Wells. In l79-± the 
 corner stone was laid with great pomp, and Baron Steuben was present. The 
 old warrior was escorted up and down the hill by Captain George W. Kirkland 
 and the " Clinton Light Horse." The school was commenced under Rev. John 
 Niles, and Rev. James Murdock was his assistant. Mr. Kirkland was all his life 
 a benefactor of the institution. Mr. Kirkland was born at Norwich, Conn., 
 December 1, 1741. The family were Scotch, and can be traced back to Say- 
 brook, Conn., as early as 1635. Samuel was the tenth of twelve children and 
 was a graduate of Princeton, in 1765. He acquired a knowledge of the Mohawk 
 dialect, and became a missionary to the Six Nations. At one time he was a 
 commissioned chaplain at Fort Stanwix. In the autumn of 1784 there was a 
 council of the Six Nations at Fort Stanwix and he acted not only as interpreter^ 
 but by his kindly advice did much good service. In 1786 there was a re- 
 vival in his charge and about seventy persons were converted. In October, 
 1792, Kirkland injured one of his eyes while riding in the forests near Clinton^ 
 and in the following winter his sight and his general health became so poor 
 that he was compelled to go to New York. While there he found time and op- 
 portunity to get assistance for his educational institution in Oneida county. 
 He died February 28, 1808. His funeral was held in the church at Clinton, and 
 his remains buried near the house where he had lived. Of Hamilton College 
 and other educational institutions of Clinton, we shall speak in detail before the 
 conclusion of this sketch. 
 
 The town of Sangerfield at present includes a large territory. It was 
 originally known as Township No. 20, of those laid out on the west side of the 
 Unadilla river. In 1789 it was surveyed. At this time it formed a part of 
 Whitestown and was in Montgomery county. It was bought from the State 
 by three land speculators, Myers, Sanger and Morgan, and much of it leased for- 
 ever. When Herkimer county was formed this town was included in it. In 
 1791 Zerah Phelps, formerly a citizen of Green Woods, Mass., sent men there 
 to erect a log house, which they did. In 1792 Mr. Hale and Mr. Gurney, with 
 their families, moved into the town. They were the first settlers in what is now 
 known as Waterville. Several others followed them and the place would have 
 grown rapidly but for a heavy frost in the fall of 1792, which killed all the 
 crops and discouraged people from coming there till 1794. A daughter born 
 to Mrs. Zerah Phelps was the first child born in the town. This woman after- 
 wards moved further west and gave birth to another daughter, which was the 
 first born in Batavia, Genesee county. The first marriage in the town of 
 Sangerfield was that of Sylvanus Dyer to Miss Hannah Norton, an event which 
 occurred October 30, 1793. Not a single person in the town was uninvited and 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 17 
 
 not a person stayed away. 1793 made up, in the abundance of the crops, for 
 the faihire before, and this gave the town new hfe and settlers came in rapidly. 
 Mr. Zerah Phel{)S built the first frame house and Ebenezer Hale the second. 
 The first store in the town was kept by Messrs. Justus and Ebenezer Hale, and 
 the first school was kept by Folly Dyer. In March, 1795, by an act of the Legis- 
 lature, the town was named Sangerfield, in honor of Col. Jedediah Sanger. 
 From that time to this the town has been increasing in population and wealth. 
 Its principal village is Waterville, which is bright and wide awake. The town 
 is one of the greatest hop growing districts in the State, if not in the United 
 States. Waterville has a hop market, and reports from there on the condition of 
 the trade have weight with buyers all over the world. 
 
 Another town worthy of mention, both on account of its age and location, 
 is New Hartford. The village was known by that name many years ■ before, 
 but it was not until 1827 that it had a separate and legal existence as a town. 
 The first settlement was made by Jedediah Sanger, of whom mention was made in 
 the last paragraph. He bought one thousand acres of land lying along the 
 Sauquoit Creek, in 1788. He paid fifty cents an acre for it, and before he had 
 owned it a year, sold half of it for a dollar an acre, thus making clear five hun- 
 dred acres of good land. The forests were rapidly cleared, a saw mill built, 
 which was quickly followed by a grist mill. In 1800 the Seneca Turnpike was 
 built and proved a great help to New Hartford. When the Erie canal was 
 built the place lost much it had gained by the construction of the turnpike. 
 After that the chief business was derived from its mills on the Sauquoit and the 
 trade at its stores. The first child born in New Hartford was Uriel H. Kellogg. 
 In August, 1791, Rev. Jonathan Edwards of New Haven, Conn., started the 
 Presbyterian Church. 
 
 We have now mentioned the facts in detail, relative to only a portion of 
 the towns of Oneida county. They were chosen for their historical interest 
 and because they played an important part in the settlement of the whole 
 county. Ferhaps to the town of Whitestown we are indebted most. Two 
 towns have been purposely omitted because their present size and importance 
 renders them worthy of more extended mention, and Utica and Rome will be 
 given chapters by themselves. There were interesting facts and incidents con- 
 nected with the founding of every town in the county, but space will not allow 
 us to make even a brief study of their history. There are, however, within the 
 scope of this work several other points which should not go unnoticed lest in- 
 tentional neglect be mistaken for ignorance. Prominent in a sketch of this 
 county should be reference to the Oneida Indians, a once famous tribe. There 
 is within the boundaries of this county one of the most marvelous works of 
 nature, Trenton Falls, than which there is no more beautiful spot in the State. 
 An attempt at a description of the county which should leave that out would be 
 incomplete. Another noticeable feature of the county is its educational institu- 
 tions, some of which are known the world over. It would be a fitting close to 
 this article to speak of Oneida county as the visitor finds it to-day. Bridging 
 over the lapse of years, years of growth and development, it will be of interest 
 to look at our county as it is — as a stranger going over its fertile fields and 
 visiting its pleasant villages would see it. It will be profitable to study its re- 
 sources and its business. 
 
 The Iroquois, better known here as the Six Nations, with becoming mod- 
 esty called their tribe in their own language " On gue Houwe," which being 
 interpreted means, " Men surpassing all others.'' The name of Indians they 
 did not recognize, as they claimed that it had been given them by foreigners, 
 and they knew no such word. Their motto or name means " People of many 
 fires, " and has reference to the union of tribes. The fire at home had great 
 
18 ONEIDA COLWTY. 
 
 significance; hence the force of calling them a " People of many fires." Some 
 scholarly people believe that the Iroquois succeeded a people, the ruins of 
 whose homes and fortifications have given them the name of " Mound Builders." 
 The origin of the Iroquois is shrouded in mystery, and little can be authentically 
 said of it. Some claim that they came from the region of Montreal. The 
 tribes had a legend about it which, in the absence of facts, is worth repetition. 
 The legend runs like this : The Holder of the Heavens took the Indians out 
 to a high hill not far from Oswego Falls. From this point they became widely 
 scattered. The Grreat Leader, however, brought back of these, six families to 
 the junction of the Mohawk and Hudson rivers, and coming westward planted 
 the Oneidas, the Mohawks, the Onondagas, Senecas and Cayugas, in this section. 
 He gave them their names and caused their language slightly to differ. He 
 took the sixth family "between midday and sun setting" to the Mississippi 
 river and some of them crossed on a grape vine. Those remaining on this side 
 settled on the Neuse river in North Carolina. They were known as the Tus- 
 caroras. 
 
 The tradition may go for what it is worth, and in a historical point of view, 
 that is but little. The census of 1845, showed that the Six Nations numbered 
 6,942 people, of whom 4,836 were in the United States, and 3,843 in this State. 
 To accept the authority of the legend again, the Great Leader, after leaving 
 the Mohawks, "journeyed westward two days and a half, and came to a creek 
 called Kan na-taw-ta-wh, which means " Pine woods." This stream is thought 
 to have been a branch of the Susquehannah river, which had its rise in a lake 
 a few miles south of Oneida Castle. Before the conquest of Canada the 
 French endeavored to secure the Oneidas as their allies. Of their own will, 
 however, they leaned toward the Dutch and English. The friendship of the 
 latter was strengthened by mutual pledges and presents. The Jesuit mission- 
 aries did much for the French, and in this way kept the Dutch and English in 
 a constant stato of fear. The French did not have as high an opinion of the 
 Oneidas as of some of the other tribes, and for that reason the Jesuits were not as 
 much among them. The uprooting of a tree not far from Hamilton College, 
 revealed the skeletons of three men, and about the neck of one was a small 
 metal cross, which was considered as an indication that he was a priest. There 
 are other evidences that the missionaries were among the Oneidas, although 
 the Onondagas were most highly thought of by the French ; on the other hand 
 travelers have put themselves on record as saying that the Oneidas had the finest 
 forms, and were the most preposessing in personal appearance. Of them a 
 writer says, '' The dialect of the Oneidas is softer than that of the other nations, 
 and the reason is that they have more vowels, and often supply the place of 
 harsh letters with liquids. The earliest residence of this tribe that history 
 records was on the southern shore of Oneida lake, near the mouth of Oneid 
 creek. They erected rude fortifications here, and made it their home for some 
 time. Thence they moved to near Stockbridge, Madison County. Pyrlaus, a 
 Dutch missionary, says that in his opinion it was while they were here that 
 the confederacy of the Six Nations was formed. In various wa3^s this date is 
 fixed at somewhere about 1535. From there they moved to a place they called 
 Ca-no-wa-lo-a, which means "the enemy's head on a pole." It is now known as 
 Oneida Castle. They were here in 1609, when the Dutch first made settle- 
 ments on the Hudson river. 
 
 The French government received an official report in 1736, w^hich gave the 
 Oneidas one hundred warriors. A report made by Sir William Johnson, in 
 1763, set them down as having 250 men. In battle the Oneidas were not as 
 cruel as the Mohawks, but were none the less brave. They were cool, and 
 would have excelled as diplomats. 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 19 
 
 Eepresentatives of the Six Nations met once every year with the Dutch 
 and English, at Albany, and renewed their pledges of allegiance. By no means 
 the least miportant feature of these gatherings, was the bestowal upon the In- 
 dians of several gaudy presents. Tlie French were continually endeavoring to 
 secure the assistance of the Iroquois, and would extort from them promise^^, the 
 impoi't of which they did not understand. As soon as this was known an ex- 
 tra session would be called, at Albany, and these pledges explained, and the 
 Indians would return to their homes and order the French from their territory. 
 The French would then endeavor to chastise the savages, but generally failed. 
 To revenge themselves the Indians would promptly kill every French mission- 
 ary in their camps. Such goings on were frequently repeated and always creat- 
 ed a demand in the missionary market. In a short time the French came 
 down upon the Oneidas plundering and taking captive. On this invasion they 
 destroyed all the corn fields of the Indians, and the Oneidas and the Mohawks 
 were compelled to obtain assistance from the settlers at Albany, which was 
 willingly given. The Iroquois held in memory the outrages of the French and 
 waited their time. One night, in all the glory of their war paint, they came down 
 upon some of the French villages in Canada and plundered and burned them, mas- 
 sacreing the inhabitants. The vengeance of the Iroquois was as complete as it 
 was terrible. The scenes of these raids are beyohd description. Previous to 
 1755 Sir William Johnson, whose residence still remains at Johnstown, became 
 an influential man among the Indians. The Iroquois remained at peace from 
 the conquest of Canada till the war of the Eevolution. 
 
 The Oneidas and Tuscaroras did valiant service for the American cause, and 
 in 1783 resolutions were passed by Congress appointing a commission who 
 should thank them for their service, and extend to them the privilege to occupy 
 as their own such lands as they might wish. As late as 1845 there were thirty- 
 one families of Indians on the reservation at Oneida Castle. They remained 
 there much after that, their chief business being the manufacture and sale of 
 fancy bead and basket work. 
 
 As a location of educational institutions, Oneida county is particularly for- 
 tunate. It gives its residents an opportunity of an education from the primer 
 to the college diploma. At its institutions of learning, are found representatives 
 among the students of every State in the Union. Most prominent is Hamil- 
 ton College, situated at Clinton. Keference to its early history has been made 
 herein before. Dr. Bachus, was at one time its president. He was succeeded, in 
 1817, by Eev. Henry Davis, D. D. In 1883 Rev. Sereno E. Dwight, D. D., 
 assumed control, and he was followed, in 1836, by Rev. Joseph Penny, D. D. 
 In 1839, Rev. Simeon North, who had been for ten years an instructor in the 
 college, became its president. In 1849 there were 158 students in attendance. 
 The late presidents were Dr. Fisher, and Dr. Brown. At present Dr. Darling 
 has that honor. Hamilton College is situated on a hill, about a mile and a 
 half from the Clinton post-office. The climb to reach it is tedious, but when 
 the summit is reached the place is well worth coming to see. There are three 
 dormitories, known as North, Middle, and South Colleges. In these each class 
 has a class room, where the majority of the recitations are heard. There is a 
 chapel cai)able of seating about 400 people, where morning prayers and the 
 rhetorical exercises are held. These three buildings are of stone, and with the 
 exception of South College do not look particularly handsome. This summer, 
 [1883,] workmen are thoroughly repairing North College, so that it will fully 
 equal, if not surpass South College. The money is generously donated by 
 William Skinner, of Vernon Centre. In the chapel there are several recitation 
 rooms, including the " Philosophical Chamber," and " Examination Hall." At 
 the northern end of the campus is the Observatory, founded by Litchfield, and 
 
20 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 named in his honor ; directly opposite North College, is the Library Hall, the 
 gift of Hon. Perry H. Snaith, of Chicago. In the rear of North College is the 
 Laboratory and a recitation room for the class in Chemistry. South of this is the 
 gymnasium, and still further South the Cabinet, which is now being wholly re- 
 modeled, and when completed will be one of the most attractive buildings on 
 the campus. The Alpha Delta Phi society also have a club house near Library 
 Hall. In one corner, and facing toward the village, is one of the prettiest little 
 graveyards in the State. Here some of the professors' families are buried, by the 
 side of those who have labored for the college. The whole campus is kept in 
 admirable order. It is a fine specimen of landscape gardening. The walks 
 are handsomely laid out, and neatly kept. The trees are large and afford a 
 pleasant shade. The spot is much visited for its beauty alone, by people who 
 have no interest in the place as an educational institution. This summer, under 
 the direction of President Darling, a large boarding house is being erected in 
 the rear of the grounds. Hamilton College takes high rank among its sister 
 institutions. For broad and liberal culture it is not surpassed. In the art of 
 English composition and in elocution, it stands without a successful rival. 
 For four years the students appear often in public, with essays, declamations and 
 orations. Prizes are offered to stimulate the young men to work. During the 
 last two 3^ear8, extemporaneous debates are held by the Class in the presence of 
 a Professor, once every week. The result of this thorough training in these 
 branches is, that when the graduates of Hamilton get out into active and pub- 
 lic life they are in advance of others of their age, for they have learned to ex- 
 press themselves forcibly and readily on any occasion. At many places and 
 under many circumstances it is not so much what one knows, as how he can 
 tell what he does know, that is of value. There are hosts of scholars and 
 learned men, who, when they attempt to address an audience or to express 
 their opinions in public, make an utter failure of it. Such a charge can be 
 laid at the door of very few graduates of Hamilton College. 
 
 The whole curriculum is liberal, though it is what is called a purel}^ classical 
 college. It is preeminently the college for a young man who proposes to pre- 
 pare himself for the ministry, the law, medicine or journalism. The course is 
 such to be almost invaluable to a candidate for any of these professions. Dr. 
 Darling is the president ; before him, Dr. S. G. Brown occupied the chair. 
 Dr. Brown was a very scholarly man, but lacked executive ability ; his sermons 
 and lectures were elegant specimens of pure P^nglish and literary skill, but as 
 the presiding officer of a college he lacked enterprise and energy. Two years 
 ago he was removed by the trustees, and Dr. Darling elected to the position. 
 He is a man of great executive ability. He believes that in the battle of life 
 one must watch as well as pray, and, while he proves himself in the highest 
 sense a Christian gentleman, he has an argus eye and an attentive ear, that learns 
 of every chance where a dollar can be brought into the treasury of the college. 
 
 A scheme is on foot by the terms of which the Presbyterian Church is to 
 give the college $500,000, and the College in turn is to place itself under the 
 management of that denomination. At the Commencement of J8S3, itwas 
 announced that $300,000 of this sum was at that time raised. The money to be 
 raised will place the college on a firm financial footing, and secure for it all the 
 advantages which such an institution can enjoy. The college numbers among 
 its graduates many distinguished men, among whom are Senator Joseph R. 
 Hawley, Charles Dudley Warner, and Comptroller Knox. Its younger gradu- 
 ates occupy positions of trust and responsibility beyond their years. 
 
 Perhaps no name in the Faculty is better known than that of Dr. Peters, 
 the astronomer. He has discovered more new planets — asteroids — than any 
 other scientist who ever lived. He has been engaged on many famous expe- 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 21 
 
 ditions, and at the transit of Venus, in 1874,was the only one of all the astronomers 
 who secured good photographs. The doctor and his observatory are known 
 wherever the science of astronomy is taught. By nationality he is a German, 
 and to clearly understand his conversation, one must pay the closest attention. 
 He is as odd and eccentric as one can be, yet he is courteous and gentlemanly. 
 He is a bachelor, and rooms in North College, where he finds comfort in pipes 
 and cigars. All day long he sits in his office at the observatory, figuring out prob- 
 lems and canying out his calculations to thirty six decimal places. Every 
 clear night he may be found in one of the four towers, watching the heavens. 
 He is an enthusiast in his study, but well informed on all topics, and is an es- 
 pecially fine scholar in mathematics, Latin and Greek. Many amusing anecdotes 
 are told of " Twinkle/' as the college boys call him. He is quite fond of so- 
 ciety, and one evening he was invited to a large and fashionable party in Clinton 
 village. The doctor dressed elaborately for the occasion, early in the evening, 
 and not caring to start for the residence of his friend before eight o'clock, he 
 thought he would take a half hour's look through his telescope. It was a 
 clear winter evening, and the stars were all out. He arranged his glass, and 
 after passing what seemed only a few moments, and thinking it must be nearly 
 time to start for the party, he looked at his watch and found it was a few min- 
 utes after twelve. Ho thoroughly taken up with his star gazing had he been 
 that the flight of time was unheeded, and he had lost an evening's social pleasure. 
 
 Another man in the faculty has won the affection and esteem of every 
 student who ever studied at Hamilton, and that is Prof. Edward North. He 
 is in charge of the instruction in Greek, and is fully a master of the Greek 
 language and literature. His lectures delivered along the course are among 
 the choicest specimens of English Irterature. Every man in college has the 
 warmest regard for Prof. North, and it is a regard that lasts forever. At com- 
 mencement he is surrounded with graduates eager to grasp his hand. There 
 is still another, whose kindly face and manner endeared himself to the colleo-e 
 boys, and that is Prof., Oren Root, who for many years occupied the chair of 
 Mathematics ; old age and failing health compelled him to resign in favor of 
 his son, Oren Root, Jr., who can never fill his fathers place. Prof. Henry A. 
 Frink, is in charge of the instruction in elocution and literature, and is an able 
 professor. Prof. Chester, is a skillful chemist, but loses much influence by 
 personal unpopularity. 
 
 Prof. F. M. Burdick, formerly Mayor of Utica, succeeded Dr. E. Evans as 
 instructor in law and political economy, and is a man fitted for the position. 
 Prof. Brandt, and his assistant, Prof. Bristol, have charge of instruction in 
 'the modern languages. So on, through the entire list, the men are able and com- 
 petent. There is every reason to believe that in the near future Hamilton will 
 take rank as one of the largest, as it is now one of the besc colleges in the 
 United States. 
 
 Next in importance of the educational institutions of Oneida county, is 
 Whitestown Seminary, situated in the village of Whitesboro. Its last anniver- 
 sary was its 58th. Its condition, just now, is very low financially. Its history 
 is a noble record of work done for the cause of education. Its commencement 
 was small, and under the management of the late Beriah Green it became 
 known as a place where poor young men could obtain an education, and pay 
 a share of their expenses by work on the farm connected with the school. 
 Onions was one of the principal crops, and it was for this reason that the town's 
 people called the students " onion grubbers," a name which is sometimes men- 
 tioned at this time. The stuff in men which caused them to do manual labor to 
 become learned was the stuff that made them successful when they went out 
 into life. The institution had a healthy and steady growth. It was essentially 
 
22 (KVEIDA COUyTY. 
 
 substantial, and gave that best of all learning, a thorough knowledge of Eng- 
 lish. At first it was in charge of the Freewill Baptists, but they gradually 
 relinquished their hold on it until it became in the fullest sense of the term, 
 non-sectarian. The buildings increased from one to four. They now consist 
 of two large wooden buildings for the lodging rooms of the young gentlemen, 
 and ladies, a large brick building in which are the recitation rooms and office, 
 and in the fourth large building containing the dining hall, kitchens, matron's 
 rooms, music rooms, etc. In the third floor of the brick building, is an elegant 
 public hall, which is tastily frescoed. It is called Walcott Hall, because 
 William D. Walcott, of New York Mills, donated the money to finish it. 
 The land belonging to the institution, covers about fifteen acres, and is used 
 only as a lawn and ball ground. It is one of the finest pieces of property in 
 the State for educational purposes. 
 
 For several years Prof. James S. Gardner was the principal of the school. 
 From 186S to 1876 the Seminary was in a very flourishing condition, and during 
 the winter term often had as many as 300 students. Beginning with the year 
 1876, the school lost ground rapidly and soon had but comparatively few stu- 
 de.its. To put it mildly. Prof. Gardner was a poor financier. The trustees left 
 everything to him and he gave them cheerful statements as to the bright pros- 
 pects of the school. At his death it was found that the affairs of the school 
 were in a worse than wretched shape, and ruin stared it in the face. There was 
 a mortgage of $15,000 on the property, and there were thousands of dollars of 
 outstanding debts. Many of these were secured by Prof. Gardner's individual 
 note, but when it is remembered that his estate paid less than five cents on the 
 dollar, the value of the security will be appreciated. Mr. W. D. Walcott was 
 an indorser on some of these notes to the amount of $7,000, and promptly 
 paid every cent for which he was liable, and in many instances more. At that 
 time it seemed that the days of the institution were numbered. The services 
 of Dr. M. E. Dunham were then secured, and for a time the prospect seemed 
 to brighten, and the attendance increased. For three years the doctor made a 
 gallan't light against adverse circumstances, but the debt became too burden- 
 some. It was not increased during the three years of Dr. Dunham's principal- 
 ship and the interest was met. In the Spring of 1883 he positively refused to 
 have anything further to do with the school unless its friends came to the rescue 
 and paid off every dollar of the indebtedness. This they refused or were unable 
 to do, and the result is, that to-day it is in the worst possible condition, all for 
 the lack of a few thousand dollars. What the future has in store no one can 
 tell. 
 
 The Utica seminary and school system will be spoken of in another place. 
 Nearly all of the towns and large villages throughout the county have good 
 graded schools, all of which are under competent instruction. The village 
 of Whitesboro has recently built a fine school building. Prof. Birdseye is the 
 principal and Miss Helen Jones first assistant, the other teachers being Misses 
 Gussie Reid, Rachael Reese and Hattie Law. The people of that village are 
 very proud of their school system and have good reason to be, as it takes high 
 rank in the county. The public schools at Waterville and Holland Patent also 
 deserve mention. " In the winter many scholars from the country about attend 
 them. Westmoreland has a good school building. Throughout the county 
 the education of the young receives the attention it deserves. ; ,' 
 
 A sketch of Oneida county would be justly criticised as incomplete which 
 should omit to make mention of, and attempt to describe Trenton Falls. It is 
 the greatest attraction to the traveler and sight-seer in Central New York. It 
 has been visited by thousands upon thousands of people, and is to day as great 
 an attraction as ever. In fact the lover of fine scenery can never tire of visiting 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 23 
 
 the place. The volume of water at Niagara exceeds that at Trenton, but the 
 former can offer no such attractions as the latter for vaiied and picturesque 
 beauty. 
 
 Trenton Falls is about fourteen miles north of Utica, and is reached 
 by rail by the Utica & Black River railroad. The drive from the city is one of 
 the pleasantest imaginable. The falls are on a stream known as West Canada 
 Creek, but at this place the stream contains much more water than is usually 
 found in what are denominated as " creeks." At the lower end of the gorge 
 Mr. Moore has in the edge of the forest a fine hotel, capable of accommodating 
 about 250 guests. The hotel has every convenience and luxurj', and is withal 
 homelike. The table is spread with the choicest not only the market but the 
 garden affords. Its broad piazzas are always cool, and even on the hottest 
 days a breeze seems to stir. Passing out through the rear of the house and 
 along a pleasant forest walk for a few rods one comes to the top of a seemingly 
 endless stairway, which leads down into the gorge below. Down several hun- 
 dred feet, through solid stone, the water has cut its way. The visitor finds him- 
 self on a slatestone shelf, and on one side a rushing, seething torrent of black 
 water lashed into foam, and on the other high rocks, towering far above and 
 shutting out the view oi everything but the sky. ' Passing up along the bed of 
 the stream you walk on the solid rock, out of which a pathway has been 
 blasted. Soon Sherman Fall bursts on the view fn all its grandeur. Here the 
 water falls a distance of over 75 feet, and in its course has worn a channel 
 through; in dry times the water runs, but when rains have swollen the stream, 
 it pours in tremendous power over the entire distance, completely covering the 
 rocks, which at other times stand out prominently. By passing a little to the 
 left the visitor can escape the spray and still remain in sight of this beautiful 
 fall. The water, as it plunges down and into the depths, seems angry and terri- 
 ble. There can be no more fascinating occupation than to watch the water as 
 it falls. 
 
 Climbing up the steep, but perfect stair-case, cut from the stones, the 
 visitor arrives on a level with the top of this fall, and from above can look at it 
 in another light. Passing still further on another fall is reached. Over this 
 the whole river descends, first perpendicularly about 40 feet, the main body 
 rushing to the left. On the right it pours over in a wide white sheet. For a 
 short distance the middle rock is left entirely naked, a perpendicular and bold 
 breastwork, as though reared by art, to divide the beautiful white sheet on the 
 one side from the overwhelming fury of the waters on the other. They unite 
 on the flat below with a tremendous roar, they rush suddenly down an 
 inclination of rocky steeps into the wide, deep, dark basin forty feet below. 
 Forty rods beyond this point is Mill Dam Fall, which is fourteen feet high, and 
 stretches clear across the chasm. Ninety feet above this is what is called 
 Alhambra fall ; a naked rock sixty feet high reaches gradually forward from 
 the mid distance to the shelving top, from which descends a perpetual rill that 
 forms a natural shower bath. On the left is a wild cascade, where the water 
 rushes over the variously placed strata, in all directions, combining the gentle fall 
 with the plunging cataract. Still further up is Rocky Heart, where the scenery 
 is much the same as that which is below ; but here it is not safe for parties to 
 go, and only the more venturesome have looked. 
 
 The more extended part of the falls, which we have given a brief outline 
 of, are recognized by tourists to be unsurpassed for beauty. It is entirely sale 
 to pass along the rocks, since Mr. Moore has had paths blasted from the rock 
 and strong chains put along the sides. There have been substantially no acci- 
 dents there in years. Mr. Moore has placed such safeguards and conveniences 
 along the way that the trip through the gorge is pleasant in every way. 
 
24 OSEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 There is in Oneida county another Summer resort that might be made 
 much more of than ever has been. We refer to the Vei'ona Springs, sit- 
 uated about four miles from Verona, a station on the New York Central road. 
 There are several very strong sulphur springs there, in fact so strong are they 
 that the visitor's nose gives warning where he is long before the eye can see the 
 hotel. The property is owned by Dr. Hunt. There is on the premises a large 
 hotel, where a goodly number of summer boarders are accommodated every 
 season. The water is particularly healthful for all such as have diseases of the 
 blood, and is considered very beneficial. The management makes no effort to 
 secure a large number of boarders, consequently the place is quiet, almost to 
 dullness. 
 
 On our title page are the words Commerce, Manufactures and Resources. 
 What shall we say of these then in reference to Oneida county? This sketch 
 is a history, not a prophecy, yet it is pertinent in closing to say a word relative 
 to the present. To characterize the inhabitants, in a word, we would say they 
 are workers. Few counties in the State offer so varied a field for industry. 
 The two cities, Utica and Rome, give employment to thousands in mills, 
 stores, and everv walk of commercial and manufacturing business. The broad 
 acres under cultivation furnish the cities with food and their owners with funds. 
 Some of the finest farms on* God's green footstool lie within the boundaries of 
 this county. The land is in general all good, and in spots where it is especially 
 so, that fact will generally be found to be because the owner has expended espe- 
 cial effort on it. The river flats and sloping hillsides are alike covered with fer- 
 tile soil which the farmer never tills in vain. Farming is not carried on here in 
 precisely the old fashioned way. The men who cultivate the soil are well in- 
 formed and wide awake. Any valuable agricultural implement is no sooner 
 invented than some enterprising man stands ready to try it and see if it is any 
 improvement on the old methods. The Central New York Farmers' Club, 
 which holds its regular meetings in Utica twice a month during three seasons, 
 and at the farms during the summer, is a source of great benefit. Here the 
 farmers gather and discuss matters pertaining to their work. If one has tried 
 a new machine and finds it a success he tells the members of the club. If any 
 one has a new idea or new method, they speak of it, and the information be- 
 comes general. The reporters of the daily papers are there, and publish the 
 proceedings in full, thus disseminating to all directions the result of investiga- 
 tion and experiment. Of this club the venerable Hon. Samuel Campbell is 
 President. 
 
 Perhaps the two great branches of farming here, are dairying and hop 
 raising. In both, Oneida county takes front rank. The southern portion of 
 the county, including the towns of Sangerfield, Marshall, Augusta and Kirkland, 
 is almost wholly depencfent on this crop. Other things of course are grown, 
 but by far the heaviest crop is hops. In good years a large income is realized, 
 while there is seldom a year when the crop does not pay for the culture. It is 
 estimated that the cost of raising a pound of hops is ten cents, and they bring 
 all the way from twenty cents to a dollar. There is never any difiiculty in 
 disposing of the whole production. If farmers hold them it is for higher prices. 
 The village of Waterville is a great trading point in hops, and next to Utica 
 the best market place in Central New York for this product. 
 
 A more widely extended branch of agriculture is dairying. The valleys 
 and hills furnish excellent meadows and pastures, and feed for cattle is found 
 in abundance. There are cheese factories and creameries without number all 
 over the county. In season every Monday is market day in Utica. Ruyers 
 and salesmen congregate at Baggs Hotel and trade in these goods. The dairy- 
 men pay great attention to keepmg their herds in good condition, and various 
 
ONEIDA COUNTY. 25 . 
 
 breeds and bloods are introduced. It is doubtful if a single county in the State 
 can produce as fine herds of cattle and as many of them. It is not many years 
 ago since Hon. Samuel Campbell sold a single cow for over |40,000. There 
 are associations here for the importation of foreign cattle, and large herds are 
 yearly brought over from Europe. In this way the stock is constantly being 
 improved. 
 
 A new industry, or at least one comparatively new has sprung up in this 
 county. It is the canning of corn and other vegetables, as well as fruit, for' 
 winter use. There are large factories at Camden, New Hartford and Verona,, 
 and other places. The farmers make a specialty of the crops that can be thus 
 utilized and each of the concerns is doing a good business. The goods are put 
 up in tin cans of convenient size. The competition places the goods within the 
 reach of every one, and at the same time does not make the price so low as to 
 destroy the manufacturer's profit. 
 
 In minerals this county is by no means poor. The Clinton iron mines are 
 rich in good ore, and are being successfully worked. The mines are situated 
 not far from the village of Clinton, and a special branch track from the railroad 
 runs up to them. The ore,when dug up, is carried by wagon and car to one of 
 two furnaces. There is a large furnace at what is called Franklin Iron Works, 
 and another at Manchester. Both are running most of the time. In both of 
 these the ore is converted into the pig iron of commerce. The sights at one of 
 these furnaces in the night time is wierd and yet worth seeing. The fires never 
 go out except to repair the furnace. The flames that shoot out of the tower 
 and the red glare of the lower fires, present a picture at night that many feel 
 well paid for going miles to see. Evidences of other mineral deposits have 
 been found in the county, but nothing has appeared in such large quantities as 
 to pay for working. 
 
 The cloth made in Oneida county in a year would go a good ways toward 
 making a sheet big enough to cover the continent. Some of the mills are silent 
 now, but in several of the villages the hum of machinery through the day tells 
 of hard and unremitting toil at loom and mule. The largest establishment of 
 the rest is that of Messrs. Walcott & Campbell at New York Mills. The enter- 
 prise was started years ago. Hon. Samuel Campbell began life for himself as 
 a stage driver, and is to-day one of the wealthiest men in the country, and does 
 a business of millions. Mr. W. D. Walcott received a liberal legacy from his 
 father, but he has used his talent well, and to-day is loved and esteemed wher- 
 ever known. He is particularly a generous man, and his donations to charita- 
 ble and educational institutions amount to thousands of dollars. The firm of 
 Walcott & Campbell have three large mills and employ hundreds of hands. 
 The village of New York Mills contains few people who are not in one way or 
 another dependent on this firm for support. Much of the property in the place 
 is owned by the firm, and rented to the mill hands. Walcott & Campbell, as 
 would be naturally expected, control the village and are able to regulate its 
 affairs. To show how far their property extends, it will be only necessary to 
 mention that not long ago it was voted to build in the village a fine brick school 
 house, to cost four or five thousand dollars. In a day or two Walcott & Camp- 
 bell gave notice that no tax need be raised, that they would bear the entire ex- 
 pense. As a matter of fact, it made only |500 difference whether they gave- 
 the school house outright to the district, or paid their assessment on. the taxable 
 property. Walcott & Campbell are temperance men, and accordingly there is 
 no liquor sold in the village. The nearness of Yorkville and Whitestown, 
 however, supplies this defect. 
 
 There are also large cotton mills at New Hartford in different parts of the 
 town. One mill is known as the Capron mill, and the other as the New Hart- 
 
26 ONEIDA COUNTY. 
 
 ford Cotton Co.'s mill. The latter occupy new buildings. Farther down the 
 valley is Chadwick's, a little manufacturing village named in honor of George W. 
 Chadwick, whose enterprise has reared a splendid business there. At Clay ville 
 there are other mills of the same sort. There are also large mills in Utica, of 
 which we will speak again. 
 
 The manufacture of cotton cloth is one of the chief industries of Oneida 
 county. The demand for it caused the erection of a bleachery at Willowvale, 
 where any mill can take its cloth to be bleached. This is really a part of the 
 business, but carried on separate from it. 
 
 In Utica and Rome there are several iron mills. Beside these there are 
 the Malleable Iron woiks at Westmoreland, and the Hecla works and an iron 
 foundery at the village of Oriskan3% all in operation. 
 
 A prominent manufactory at Whitestown is the Furniture Factory. It is 
 owned by the firm of Quigley & Co. The finest grades and styles of furniture 
 are made here, including bedroom sets, sideboards, &c. They use solid wood, 
 and many of the pieces are handsomely carved. The business has grown rap- 
 idly and their goods now find their way into all parts of the United States. 
 
 From its central location, its large population, extensive agricultural and 
 manufacturing interests, it will at once be seen that Oneida is the foremost of 
 New York's inland counties. No other county has its advantages, and no 
 other can be said to rival it. The inhabitants are intelligent and enterprising, 
 and welcome anv new enterprise which will in any way increase their wealth 
 or prosperity. Every foot of land that can be used for agricultural purposes 
 is valuable, and will pay its owner a handsome profit for cultivation. The 
 farms are all near good markets, and whatever the product it is sure of a sale 
 near at home. The villages are all pleasant and thrifty. A drive which should 
 include the little hamlets of Oneida county could not fail to impress the visitor 
 favorably. After seeing them all it would be a hard matter to decide which is 
 the best,' all are so desirable. There is in the county no factional strife; each 
 part is willing to do its best and therewith be content. A friendly rivalry as 
 to who can raise the finest produce stimulates industry. At the county and 
 town fairs held every year sufficient evidence of the fertility of the soil and 
 the enterprise of the' farmers is readily found. From a survey of all its towns, 
 its varied industries, its excellent markets, water power and railroad facilities, 
 the character of its inhabitants and the evidences of their enterprise, from all 
 things that go to make a section of the country desirable for a home, no one, 
 fair and impartial, can fail to come to the conclusion that among all the conn- 
 ties of the great Empire State, Oneida has no successful rival. 
 
 Calvary IKi'iscoi'alJ Church, Utica. N. Y 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA 
 
 ljp|\N the fourth day of July, 1883, there were 20,000 strangers in Utica. The 
 M m streets were thronged with a motley crowd, in which the country cousin 
 Ml jostled against the dude. They had come out to witness a great celebra 
 tion, in honor of American Independence, but there was something be- 
 sides the noise of gunpowder and the glitter of the procession which made the 
 day of interest and its scenes memorable. Through the dusty streets the long 
 bne marched, and halted at noonday before a simple monument in the eastern 
 part of the city. Three guns that had seen the smoke of battle in times long 
 gone b}^ stood guard over a spot of historic interest to Utica, to Oneida county, 
 and to the State. The imposing ceremonies which took place at that time 
 were a fitting tribute of a prosperous city, to the place where once Fort Schuy- 
 ler stood. The eloquent oration of Dr. Hartley was an able sketch of the past, 
 and of the importance of Fort Schuyler in the history of Utica. 
 
 Where what is now Second street intersects the New York Central railroad, 
 is believed to be about the location of the old fort. It was here that the first 
 settlement of what is now Utica, was made. The fort was merely an embank- 
 ment surrounded by palisades. Nothing is now left to mark the exact spot 
 where it stood. The tort was named in honor of Colonel Peter Schuyler, who 
 was an uncle of General Philip Schuyler, of Revolutionary fame. It was called 
 old Fort Schuyler, to distinguish it from the Fort Schuyler at Rome, which was 
 afterward known as Fort Staawix. It was built near the close of the year 
 1758. When Lord Chatham went into the ministry, there was new hfe put 
 into the administration of George IL, and it was determined to make good the 
 losses before in the wars with France. This fort was put up to guard the ford 
 of the Mohawk. The only place where the river could be readily crossed, was 
 where the Genesee street bridge now spans the Mohawk. All old accounts 
 speak of a ford in the river, and Mr. Harter, who lived to an old age and who 
 died some years ago in Deerfield, put the fording place at the foot of what is 
 now Genesee street. The fort was one of the chain and was also well situated 
 for trading purposes. It is not thought that Fort Schuyler was regularly gar- 
 risoned during the war of the Revolution. 
 
 On the 2d day of January, 1734:, George II. granted 22,000 acres of land to 
 the Colonial Government of New York and New Jersey, William Cosby. 
 Among those interested in this deal with Cosby, was Richard Shuckburgh, who 
 introduced, if he did not compose, the since famous tune of "Yankee Doodle." 
 
 The old name of Utica, Ya-nun-da sis, means in English — ''around the 
 hill." The name was given it because of its location, and holds as good now as 
 then. JohnR, a son of Rntger Bleecker, agreed to survey Cosby's Manor 
 and make a map of it. The work had been begun but not finished, in 1762, by 
 Christopher Gates, and it was not till 1786, that Bleecker took hold of it and 
 completed the work begun twenty-four years before. It is frequently stated 
 that Utica was first settled in about 1788 or 1789, but Pomeroy Jones, the 
 author of a valuable work on Oneida county, thinks that the city may date its 
 age at least two years further back than that. Nail Creek is called " Nagal 
 
28 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Kill " on Bleecker's map. On this stream a German by the name of Joseph 
 Masseth had a factory for the manufacture of nails. It was by no means an 
 extensive affair, and the bellows was blown by power furnished by two trained 
 dogs, who took turns in running in a wheel. This manufacturing establish- 
 ment was in that part of the city now known as West Utica. When the town 
 of Whitestown was constructed, one boundary line ran through the house of 
 John Cunningham, which stood where Bagg's Hotel now is. William Alver- 
 son, with his father, Uriah Alverson, in 17>8 came to Fort Schuyler and leased 
 a portion of a lot owned by General Schuyler. At the same time Messrs. 
 Morey, Foster and Silyea, were "squatters" in this neighborhood. Among 
 other names mentioned as owners of property here in those early times, we 
 find those of Kip, Soule, General Bradstreet, Sanger and Potter. 
 
 Utica's first merchant was John Post. In 1790 he brought his family and 
 his goods on a boat from Schenectady, and was nine days in coming a distance 
 that can now be accomplished in half as many hours. On his arrival he found 
 among the settlers other than those before mentioned, Jacob Christman and the 
 widow Damuth. He at first opened his store in his dwelling house, but the 
 following year erected a building for a store and warehouse. His business with 
 the Indians rapidly assumed large proportions. He traded whisky, paint, pow- 
 der, shot, and all sorts of trinkets with them, and received in return furs, skins 
 and ginseng. He died December 6, 1830. His was a life of usefulness, and in 
 its sphere a life of honor. 
 
 Deacon Potter, one of the first farmers, and one of the founders of the 
 First Presbyterian Church, died Sept. 18, 1810. The founder of what is now 
 Bagg's Hotel was Moses Bagg, Sr., who opened what was known as "Bagg's 
 Tavern," and enjoyed a good reputation, a characteristic of the house which 
 stands on the same site to-day. IJnder the competent direction of T R Proctor, 
 Bagg's Hotel has become in fact one of the very best houses in the State, New 
 York City not excepted. It is in striking contrast with the structure which 
 stood there 80 years ago. Moses Bagg died Sept. 12, 1805. John House was 
 another landlord of the olden time, as was Gurdon Burchard. Burchard's tav- 
 ern was destroj^ed by fire in 1837, although its owner died five years before. 
 John Hobby and Simeon Jones were blacksmiths, James P. Dorchester was a 
 hatter, Mr. Eggleston a cooper, and Mr. Stephen Ford had a small store. In 
 1800 Dr. Carrington kept a drug store in Utica, and sold "books on subjects 
 worthy the attention of every person." That his method of doing business was 
 sound, we have only to refer to his advertisement in the Columbian Gazette^ 
 which says "all which he is determined to sell for very low prices, for ready 
 pay. Having found from sad experience that credit is the bane of trade, he de- 
 clines granting that indulgence in the future, and would rather cry over, than 
 after his goods." Dr. Carrington was the second postmaster of the city, and 
 his successor was Dr. Hitchcock. Another prominent citizen of that time was 
 Peter Bellinger, who, in 1791, purchased one hundred and fifty acres of land 
 here. Some say that his daughter, who afterwards married Joshua Ostrom, was 
 the first white child born in the place. Mr. Bellinger died in 1815. 
 
 In 1797 the sum of |2,200 was raised by lottery and devoted to the im- 
 provement of the road between Fort Schuyler and Geneva. The good road 
 had an influence in bringing trade to Utiea. An act was passed in March, 
 ls04, which gave to Levi Stephens and Jason Parker the exclusive right of 
 running stages between Utica and Canandaigua for the period of seven years. 
 The regulations imposed are of interest. They made two trips each week, 
 charged five c^nts a mile, no more than seven could ride at once without the 
 consent of every passenger, and the trip was made in forty-eight hours. They 
 did not, however, carry the first mail route in this section. Simeon Pool car- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 29 
 
 ried the mail from Whitestown to Canajoiiarie, and the people living along the 
 way paid for it. The distance of fifty miles was made in twenty-eight hours. 
 Mr. Pool sold out his contract to Mr. Parker, and before the latter's death there 
 were eight daily lines of stages running through ITtica, east and west, besides 
 twelve daily, semi-weekly or weekly lines running north and south, using one 
 hundred and eight stages, and carrying sixty mails every week. Mr. Parker 
 died Sept. 28, 1830, at the age of 67 years. 
 
 On the 4th day of July, 1797, Bryan Johnson, the father of Alexander B. 
 Johnson, arrived in Utica, intending to stop but a day or two, and to go from 
 here to Canada. At this time Clark & Fellows had the largest store in Utica, 
 and John Post had the Indian trade. The best store west of Schenectady was 
 that of James and Archibald Kane, of Canajoharie. The latter establishment 
 had a patronage from a widely extended section of country. People from Utica 
 and Whitesboro went there if they wished fine goods or desired to make ex- 
 tensive purchases. Mr. Johnson, seeing an opening in the mercantile business 
 in Utica, began traffic in a small building formerly used as a blacksmith shop. 
 He bought country produce for cash, which was a novelty in this section. He also 
 offered for sale a large assortment of goods at wonderfully low prices. . His 
 fame spread abroad in the land, and the tide of trade was arrested from Canajo- 
 harie and turned toward Utica. Mr. Kane, finding his custom gone, moved at 
 once to Utica and entered into direct and active competition witli Mi-. Johnson. 
 This had the effect of making the prices still lower, and the people benefited by 
 it. Utica was everywhere regarded as the place where country produce sold 
 high, and where dry goods and groceries were low. Among the new merchants 
 attracted to Utica were John C. Devereux, Watts Shearman, John Bissell and 
 Daniel Thomas. Mr. Johnson retired from active business in 1810, and died 
 April 12, 1824, at the age of 75 years. Kane and Van Kensselaer continued in 
 business for some time. John C. Devereux came over from Ireland in 1799. 
 He was a teacher of dancing and also played the fiddle. He began business as 
 a merchant on lower Genesee street. He was also interested in navigation 
 on the Mohawk, and owned a warehouse where boats took on and discharged 
 their loads. He gained a large fortune. He was a devout Cathohc and gave 
 large sums toward the erection of various churches in this vicinity. He gave 
 $12,000 to St. John's Church in this city. In 1839-40 he was mayor of the 
 city. He died December 11, 1.'548, at the age of 74 years. 
 
 Among the most prominent among early lawyers in Utica was General 
 Joseph Kirkland, who was admitted to practice several years previous to the 
 organization of Oneida county. He came here in 1813. He represented the 
 county in the Assembl}^ several times, was a member of Congress, was appointed 
 the first mayor of Utica, and was district attorney. He was a contemporary of 
 Oounselors Gold, Piatt, Sill and Storrs, all of whom ranked high in their pro- 
 fession. A good story is told of Major James Cochran, who was once a res- 
 ident of Utica. but afterward moved to Oswego. A vessel was to be launched 
 in Seneca Lake at Geneva. There was on board a merry party of boys and 
 girls, with a good sprinkling of older people whose hearts were young. When 
 they wanted to dance, they found a fiddle on board but no one "to play it. At 
 length Major Cochran, who was a good amateur, was prevailed upon and 
 played for dancing. At the supper which followed there was a public expres- 
 sion of the company's gratitude to him, and it was suggested that he was good 
 enough to go to Congress. The suggestion was acted on and the matter talked 
 of, and, sure enough, he was elected. He was wont to say that he fiddled his 
 way into Congress. 
 
 In 1801 James Devlin came to Utica from Ireland. He loaned a Utican 
 a few hundred dollars, and being unable to get his pay in any other way, he 
 
30 . "^HE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 • 
 
 took a piece of property, situated at what is now the corner of Genesee and 
 Liberty streets. Tlie land was only good for a goose pasture then, but the dig- 
 ging of the Erie canal made it valuable and is now the center of business, 
 
 Appollos Cooper was a prominent man of the olden time. He bought the 
 land in the neighborhood of where State street now runs. In 1805 he was 
 county judge; in 1815 sheriff, and in 1823 a member of assembly. He died 
 Aprir2, 1839. 
 
 Captain James Hopper was an English sailor, and for some years was in 
 command of various merchantmen. He came to Utica in 1801 and settled in 
 Utica, where he bought considerable real estate. He died May 16, 1816, at the 
 age of 58. 
 
 Among the early postmasters was Marcus Hitchcock, who held that office 
 in 1804. At the commencement of Jackson's administration Augustine G. 
 Daub}^ was appointed postmaster. He held the office about twenty years, and 
 at the beginning of Taylor's administration Joseph H. Shearman was named as 
 his successor. 
 
 The first newspaper in this section was the " Western Sentinel," which was 
 published at New Hartford. In May, 1796, " The Whitestown Gazette" was 
 first issued at what is now New Hartford, although at that time the territory 
 was included in the town of "W hitestown. In the year 1798, its editor, Mr. 
 William McLean, moved his office to Utica, and brought out the first newspaper 
 published in Utica, August 27th in that year. The name of the paper in Utica 
 was known as " Whitestown Gazette and Cato's Patrol." In 1803, ill health 
 compelled Mr. McLean to give up editorial work, and he sold out to John H. 
 Lathrop. Subsequently, Asahel Seward and Ira Merrell began in Utica the pub- 
 lication of a weekly paper called "The Patriot." This was run with fair suc- 
 cess until it was merged with its older rival, both offices being consolidated 
 under the name of " Patriot." The name of the paper was changed, in 
 1821, to the "Utica Sentinel." In 1S25 it was consolidated with the 
 "Columbian Gazette" a Eome paper, and was known as the " Sentinel and 
 Gazette." The name was again changed in 1834, to " Oneida Whig," and 
 when it was published as a daily, it took again the name " Gazette." 
 
 Mr. McLean, the pioneer journalist in Oneida county, moved to Vernon^ 
 where he lived a few years and then went to Cherry Valley, where he died 
 March 12, 1848, aged 73 years. The '= Columbian Patriotic Gazette" was es- 
 tablished at Eome in 1799, by Thomas Walker. In 1803 it came to Utica. 
 It was the organ of the " democratic republican " party, as the -'Whitestown 
 Gazette" was the upholder of the " Federal faith." The addition of the words 
 " Cato's Patrol " to the name of the " Whitestown Gazette," had refererence to 
 the younger Cato, whose defence of Ancient Utica made him famoiis. Mr. La- 
 throp was born in New Haven, Connecticut, and was a graduate of Yale Col- 
 lege. He was a lawyer by profession, and had practiced some. Oliver P. 
 Easton was the first editor of the " Western Sentinel," which was the first 
 paper in the county. The journal made its first appearance in 1894. Mr. 
 Easton sold out to Mr. Lewis in 1799. Eliasaph Dorcliester, for a time on the 
 " Columbian Gazette," was afterward on the " Oneida Observer," which was- 
 established in 1816 as the organ of the party who put Madison and Monroe 
 in power over De Witt Clinton. In 1824 the Observer was printed by A. G. 
 Dauby. 
 
 Three daily papers are now published in Utica, viz: the ''Morning Her- 
 ald," by Ellis il. Roberts & Co., " The Press," edited by Colonel Eastman, and 
 the "Observer," edited by E. P. Bailey. The first two are morning papers and 
 the latter is published in the afternoon. Besides the above there are published 
 weekly, the "Saturday Globe," and "Sunday Tribune," each devoted to gen- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 31 
 
 eral and society topics. The first named is edited by Thos. F. Baker, and has 
 a very large circulation; the "Sunday Tribune," the property of P. E. Kelly, 
 is also a very popular journal; '"The Living Issue" every Thursday, by Geo. 
 
 D. Scrambling; "Y Drych" (The Mirror,) T. J. Griffiths, publisher and pro- 
 prietor; "The Inquirer," by Rev. B. F. McNeil; the " Utica Deutsche Zeitung 
 and Oneida Demokrat," Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, by John C. 
 Schreiber; and "Everybody's Paper," by John Tillinghast. There are 
 also a number of monthly journals, viz: " The Earnest Worker," Rev. Clias. H. 
 Gardner, editor; "The Church Eclectic," William T. Gibson, D. D., editor and 
 proprietor; " Y Cyfaill," (Calvinistic,) Wm. Roberts, D. D., editor; " Y Wawr," 
 (Baptist,) Rev. Owen Griffith, editor; "Monthly Musical Review," published by 
 
 E. D. Buckingham ; "The Olive Branch," "Commercial Phone," the "Christian 
 Worker," quarterly, "The American Journal of Insanity," and "The Quarterly 
 Visitor," (Methodist.) 
 
 In these days, when citizens complain of the enormity of their taxes, and 
 find them a burden, it will be of interest to note the tax paid by some of the 
 residents of Utica in 180U; John Post headed the list with a total tax of $2.00. 
 Daniel Budlong, and Ramsey & Co. were next at $1.2.5 each; Samuel Carring- 
 ton, John Hobby, Richard Smith, Nathaniel Butler, paid %{.l'^^ eadu 
 Benjamin Walker, John House, Moses Bagg and others, paid $1.00. The re- 
 mainder of the list ranged from .12|- to the sums mentioned. The entire tax 
 for what is now the city of Utica was $40.00. 
 
 The land on which the city of Utica is situated was granted by the crown 
 of Great Britain, to Joseph Worrell and others, January 2, 1734. For some time, 
 several years ago, landowners in Utica were greatly troubled by numerous suits 
 brought by one Mrs. Martha Bradstreet. Her claim was based on grants and 
 sales of an ancient date. She was successful in some cases, but every case 
 that was taken to the Court of last resort resulted disastrously to the plaintiff. 
 She never gained actual possession of any of the land for which she sued. 
 
 In 1 794 Jason Parker, the mail carrier, brought six letters to Utica for resi- 
 dents of the city. It was a great thing, and people would scarcely believe it 
 until they either saw it themselves, or heard it from John Post, the honest old 
 postmaster. It took an entire day for a letter to go from Utica to Rome. In 
 1800 there was but three streets in Utica, They were " Main street," 
 " Whitesboro road" and " Genesee road." Genesee street was, much of the way 
 to New Hartford, a " corduroy" road, logs thrown across it, and it ran through 
 a swamp. Where the old Mechanics' Hall now is, was in 1800 a famous hunt- 
 ing ground for squirrels and pigeons. As late as 1810, cows frequently were 
 mired in Chancellor Square, Fayette street was first used in 1825. Main 
 street was the famous race course, and often " scrub" races were held there, 
 which drew a crowd and created much enthusiasm. The first book store in the 
 place was that of George Richards, Jr., who began that business in 1803. If 
 his advertisement in the newspaper is to be believed he kept a good stock. 
 
 The opening of the Erie canal was a great step forward for Utica. It gave it 
 greater advantages in what had always been its stronghold, traffic and trade. 
 Navigation on the Erie was as far in advance of the means of travel and trans- 
 portation of that time, as the railroads of the present are ahead of the canal. 
 Ground was broken for the canal July 4, 1819, In 1818 the section on which 
 Utica is situated was completed. On the 23d and 24th of October in that 
 year, the Canal Commissioners made the trip from Utica to Rome on their 
 great water-way. A line of packets were running from Utica to Montezuma in 
 1820., In the following yeox boats ran as far castas Little Falls. The entire 
 work was finished in October, 1825. Governor DeWitt Clinton, Leiut. Gov. 
 Talmadge, and several other public and distinguished gentlemen, made the trip' 
 
32 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 from the Hndson to the Great Lakes. It was a great event in the history of 
 New York State. The completion of the Erie canal was formally celebrated 
 on the 4th of November in that year. This was the era of new things in Utica, 
 Before, the houses and stores had crowded down toward the banks of the Mo- 
 hawk river. The upper portion of the place was reckoned of no account. But 
 when the canal was in active operation, the city took a move in that direction. 
 Its banks were the most advantageous situation for storehouses and general 
 business. The increased facilities for transportation seemed to make more 
 produce to transport, and made a market for everything. Among the most 
 active men in canal affairs was Henry Seymour, who was chosen Canal Com- 
 missioner in 1819. He was a State Senator in 1821, and died, aged fifty six 
 years, August 26, 1S37. 
 
 There is good reason to believe, that the cause of religion received the at- 
 tention it deserved in early times at Utica. Religious services were held in 
 the school house, and late'r in churches. In the diary of Mr. John Taylor, a 
 missionar}^, wlio visited Utica in 1802, the entry seems to tell a different story. 
 He writes : " Utica seems to be a mixed mass of discordent materials. Here 
 may be found people of ten or twelve different nations, and of almost all re- 
 ligions and sects ; but the greatest part are of no religion. The world is the 
 greatest object with the body of the people. There is but a handful of people 
 in this place who have a regard for preaching." But Mr. Taylor's statement 
 does not seem to be altogether reliable, though there is no reason to believe 
 that every person in Utica was a devout Christian, any more then than now. 
 
 Without giving in detail the intermediate history of Utica, for that would 
 take more space than is at our command, let us give a hasty glance at 
 some of the chief events that took place in Utica. Col. John Bellinger was 
 the first man to build a frame house. It was on the south side of Whitesboro 
 street. In March, 1828, a large meeting was held, and a generous donation 
 made to the cause of the Greeks. In September, 1831, a meeting was well at- 
 tended which had for its object the raising of money for the struggling Poles. 
 June 25, 1831, the Clinton Market was opened. July 12, 1832, the Asiatic 
 cho'era made its appearance in Utica, and shortly after over 200 deaths were 
 reported ; a general stampede from the city ensued, and stores were closed and 
 streets deserted, January 13, 1831, a public discussion on the abolition of 
 slavery was brought to a close. July 21, 1834, the town clock was placed in 
 the Bleecker street church. October" 2 1, 1834, Anti Slavery State convention 
 convened in Utica. There were 20 abolitionists in the city at the time. July 
 22, 1836, the first engine was run over the Utica and Schenectady railroad. 
 March 31, 1837, was the date of the great fire which destroyed a good part of 
 the business portion of the city. July 25, 1837, Daniel Webster, delivered 
 a speech in Steuben park. July 27, 1839, the first ti-ain of cars ran over the 
 Utica and Schenectady railroad. September Ifi, 1845, Fair of State Agricultu- 
 ral Society was held. Since that time the growth of the city has been rapid 
 and most of the principal events are familiar to the present citizens. 
 
 The history of the corporation of Utica dates back to April 3, 1798. _ The 
 act gave the freeholders the right to elect five trustees. The name Utica for 
 the new village was proposed by Erastus Clark and adopted. April 9, 1805, 
 another and more comprehensive charter was granted. The salary of the first 
 clerk of the Board was $5 a year. The presidents of the village of Utica from 
 1805 to 1831 were Jeremiah Van Rensselaer, Jr., 1805-6 ; Erastus Clark, 1S07 ; 
 Morris S. Miller, 1808; Talcott Camp, 1809-10-11-12-13-14; Abraham Van 
 Santvoord, 1815; Rudolph Snyder, 1816 and 1820; Nathan Williams, 1817- 
 18-19; William Clark, 1824-25-28-29 ; Ezra S. Crozier, 1821-22-23-26-27- 
 30-31. Utica received a city charter February 13, 1832. The city was divided 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 33 
 
 bj Genesee street and the Erie canal into four wards. The citj tax was lim- 
 ited to $8,000, and only two school commissioners were elected. December 7, 
 1848, the Common Council room was destroyed by fire and the records lost. 
 March 31, 1849, the old charter was repealed and a new one granted, which 
 divided the city into six wards. 
 
 It will also be of interest to note the early growth of the city. For this 
 purpose we have chosen the figures between the years 1813 and 1850. They 
 are as follows: In 1813 the population was 1,700; in 1816, 2,861 ; in 1823, 
 4,017; in ls25, 5,040; in 1828, 7,466; in 1829, 8,010; in 1835, 10,183; in 
 1840, 12,782; in 1850, 17,556. 
 
 To-day the city of Utica has a population of very nearly 40,000, and it is 
 constantly increasing at a rate which will make the figures for the next census 
 over 50,000. 
 
 In the matter of charitable institutions Utica has no successful rival among 
 cities of its size. The Faxton Hospital and Home for aged men on Perkins 
 avenue; Home for the Homeless, on Faxton street; House of the Good Shep- 
 pard, on Bleecker street ; St. Vincent's Protectorate and Orphan Asylum, 
 St. John's Catholic Orphan Asylum for girls, on John street; St. Elizabeth's 
 Hospital and Home, on Columbia street ; St. Luke's Home and Hospital, Colum- 
 bia street ; Utica Dispensary, Elizabeth street ; Utica Orphan Asylum, Genesee 
 street, form a long list for the city and speak volumes for the benevolence and 
 character of the citizens. Each one of these asylums and homes for sick or 
 aged people are under able and admirable management. It is a positive pleas- 
 ure to visit them and see with what wonderful order they all are kept. Most 
 of them are so heavily endowed as to be without the need of present aid, but 
 some are dependent on gifts, which are generously given. 
 
 The New York State Lunatic Asylum is situated on the corner of Court 
 and York streets, in the western part of the city, and is easily reached by street 
 ■cars. In the annual message of Governor Throop, in 1830, he called the atten- 
 tion of the Legislature to the condition and needs of the insane people in the 
 State. He stated that in 1825 there were 819 lunatics in the State, of whom 
 263 could support themselves ; 260 were in jails or were supported by charity, 
 and there were 348 insane paupers at large. On the 17th of April a select com- 
 mittee reported favorably on the project of a State asylum, and Hon. A. C. 
 Paige was made chairman of a committee to make examinations and investio-a- 
 tions into the subject, and an elaborate report was presented in March, 1831. 
 In each of the four years following committees' reported favorably on the sub- 
 ject but no law was enacted. Governor Marcy, m his message of "1834, referred 
 to it in strong terms and urged its necessity. In 1836 the Oneida County Med- 
 ical Society, by its delegate, Mr. J. McCall, presented a memorial to the Legis- 
 lature. March 30, 1836, the Legislature passed a law authorizing the appoint- 
 ment of three commissioners to purchase a site for the asylum, at an expense 
 not to exceed $10,0iJ0, and also for three, who should have the power to con- 
 tract for the erecti' >n of a building at an expense not to exceed $50,000. In 
 the summer of 1837 the present site was purchased for $16,300, the State pay- 
 ing $10,000 and the citizens of Utica $6,300. Captain William Clarke, Francis 
 E. Spinner and Elarn Lynds were appointed to superintend the erection of the 
 building. Various changes in plans and additions to the appropriation were 
 made until in 1842 the commissioners reported that nothing remained to be 
 done except to pass laws to organize the institution, which was done. At this 
 time the sum of I285,00(J had been expended on the structure. From then 
 till now the State Lunatic Asylum has been not only the leading institution of 
 its kind in New York, but has occupied a high place among the asylums of the 
 country; No stranger ever thinks of visiting Utica without calling at the asy- 
 
,#'.«.#« I* ^'" si Mi 
 
 « 1 . 'J 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. _ 35 
 
 lum and taking a look through the buiklings, which inclose over thirteen acres 
 ■of ground. Everything is run on a large scale, and each head of departments 
 knows his or her place so well that the great whole moves on without a jar. 
 The management of the institution could not be better, and visitors always 
 marvel at the perfect order preserved. The present board of managers are : 
 President, Hon. Samuel Campbell; Secretary, Theodore Pomeroy ; James Mc- 
 Quade, Publius V. Eogers, J. E. Swan, Lewis Lawrence, Sam.uel S. Lowery, 
 George Barnard, Dwight D. Winston. The Superintendent and Physician is 
 Dr. John P. Gray, M. D., LL. D. The assistants are Dr. Edward N. Brush, 
 Dr. G. Alden Blumer, Dr. Eli E. Josselyn, Dr. C. W. Pilgrim ; Special Pathol- 
 ogist, Theodore Deecke ; Treasurer, Thos. W. Seward ; Chaplain, Eev. William 
 T. Gibson, D. D. ; Steward, Eev. H. :N. Dryer. 
 
 Some time ago the Utica Mercantile and Manufacturing Association was 
 organized. The present ofHcers are : President, Addison C. Miller ; vice presi- 
 dents, John D. Kernan, Philo S. Curtis, Edmund A. Graham ; secretary, Thos. 
 S. Mclncrow ; treasurer, Edward Curran ; finance committee, A. T. Brower, 
 E. S. Williams and Publius V. Eogers. The object of the association is to 
 promote the prosperity of the city, by offering inducements to companies and 
 individuals to place their establishments here. They have been influential in 
 bringing some large and reliable industries into Utica. They believe that every 
 dollar of wages set in circulation in the city is an advantage to it Every mill 
 is a lasting benefit to the place. With this in mind they act in unison on all 
 matters touching the welfare of Utica. The organization is doing, and has 
 done a world of good here. Any enterprise wishing to locate will find that 
 this association will show them that Utica is the best, and that thev can find 
 suitable inducements to remain. They ai-e always willing and glad to corre- 
 spond with such parties, and furnish all the desired information. They also 
 work together for their own protection in all matters of common interest. 
 When measures were before the Legislature that they believed to be beneficial 
 or otherwise to their interests as business men, they have chosen competent 
 representatives from their own body and have gone before the proper com- 
 mittee and presented their views in so forcible a manner as to generally carry 
 their point It is their aim to build up the city and they hold themselves in 
 readiness to do anything which will have the desired result They have been 
 the means of doing much good for the city, and the organization is made up 
 of the very best men in Utica. It is an indication of the progressive and en- 
 terprising spirit which prevails among our citizens, and voices their sentiments 
 in the matter of enterprise. 
 
 In the matter of protection against fire, Utica is well guarded. Some years 
 ago a paid department took the place of the old volunteer fire department 
 There are four engines, the Chemical, and a hook and ladder truck, besides the 
 necessary hose carts. Each engine is drawn by trained horses, and is in charge 
 of competent men. The horses can be harnessed and on the way to the fire in 
 two minutes from the time of the alarm. A sj'stem of electric fire alarms 
 renders every part of the city in almost instant communication with the City 
 Hall and Police Station, whence the alarm is sent out to the companies and 
 struck on the City Hall bell. So prompt and efficient is the service that there 
 have been few, if an3% disastrous fires since the department was organized. 
 The supply of water for fire purposes is adequate for all emergencies. The 
 ■city is now moving toward the putting in of another system of water works 
 which shall be the property of the corporation. W^hile there is sufficient good 
 water to be easily had now for all purposes, the new supply will render it im- 
 possible to ever cut off the city from an abundant supply of pure water, and 
 the competition will effect the price in such a way as to make it within the 
 reach of every one. 
 
36 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Gas and electricity furnish means of light. The gas company has their pipes 
 extended to every part of the city and gives a good quahty of gas to con- 
 sumers. Electric lighting companies compete in the new methods of lighting. 
 The principal streets are now lighted with electricity and many of the business 
 men use the light. The arc and Edison lights are used and between them 
 people can take their choice. 
 
 In the way of amusements the Opera Houses on Fayette street and in the 
 City Hall are commodious and convenient. The Utica Mechanics' Association 
 have one of the finest buildings for the purpose in Central New York. Their 
 opera house on Fayette street can seat 1,800 people. The stage has all the 
 necessary appointments and is furnished with fine scenery. The best entertain- 
 ments on the road come to Utica and our citizens can listen to metropolitan 
 attractions in their own city. The house is admirably managed. The City 
 Opera House is somewhat smaller, but is neat and comfortable. Many cities of 
 the size of Utica have not as good an opera house as this. The winter season 
 is rendered very enjoyable by the various amusements offered to the public. 
 
 The Government Building on Broad street is an object of interest to vis- 
 itors. It was built at an expense of $250,000 and is of pressed brick, with 
 stone trimmings. The lower story is devoted to the business of the Utica post- 
 office. Over the post-office are two elegant court rooms, the United States 
 District and United States Circuit. 
 
 The city hospital is situated on the corner of South and Mohawk streets, 
 and is a substantial structure. It is provided with every convenience for the 
 care of the sick. Under the management of Superintendent Pritchard, every 
 thing is kept in excellent order. The old Mohawk street jail is soon to be aban- 
 doned. A new and elegant jail is being rapidly pushed toward its completion, 
 on Bleecker street. It has suitable living rooms for the jailer and his family, 
 and an excellent and safe arrangement of cells. 
 
 A stranger's impression of the city can not fail to be favorable. The resi- 
 dences of many of the citizens are elegant and stand in the midst of well kept 
 lawns. The streets are soon to be furnished with sign boards, with names at 
 every corner. Each season Charles Gaffney publishes a full and accurate di- 
 rectory of the entire city. This book is valuable alike to residents and 
 strangers. 
 
 In the matter of public schools the city has little to ask for. The Ward 
 schools, the Advanced, and Academy, are all under the charge of Supt. Andrew 
 McMillan, an instructor of great experience and ability. In the winter of '83 
 he was prominently mentioned for the position of State Superintendent of 
 Schools ; and, had the opinions and petitions of teachers from all over the State 
 been of weight, Prof. McMillan would have been in Albany long before this. 
 He is a careful and competent instructor, and keeps up the grade of his schools 
 to a very high standard. The academy is one of the very best preparatory 
 schools in the State, and its course fits one for any college. The Advanced 
 school gives an available common English education. In all the departments 
 the conveniences and equipments are first class. It is generally admitted that 
 the work done in the Utica schools will compare favorably with that done in 
 any other city of its size. 
 
 In connection with the schools it is proper to mention the City Library, 
 where thousands of good books are loaned to the citizens of Utica. The library 
 is in an elegant building, especially adapted for the purpose. City Librarian 
 Eugene Oatley has the most perfect order, and a book is never misplaced or 
 lost. This affords an opportunity for those who can hot offord to buy books, 
 to have the reading of the best published. 
 
 The business of the city is about evenly divided among the various 
 branches of trade and manufacture. The wholesale clothing business is worthy 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. . 37 
 
 of mention, as being represented here by firms who are known in all States of 
 the Union. Several large houses of first class standing and reputation, use 
 thousands of yards of cloth and employ hundreds of hands. The shoe busi- 
 ness is also represented by well known firms, whose goods find ready sale. The 
 iron trade furnishes employment for hundreds of hands. A very important, 
 industry is the manufacture of cotton and woolen cloths. There are several 
 very large mills, which furnish work for hundreds of hands. The various sorts 
 of manufactured goods are all represented and some of them by firms who have 
 made themselves famous for their good work. 
 
 There are namerous organi;5ations in the city whose objects are sociability 
 and pleasure. Prominent among these are the Fort Schuyler Club and the 
 Utica Club. The former has been recently organized and is now in pleasant 
 quarters in its new club house on the corner of Genesee and Court streets. The 
 president of the club is Flon. Horatio Seymour, and the list of members in- 
 clude the leading business and professional men of the city. The Utica Club 
 is an older organization and has a club house on Devereux street. There are a 
 host of smaller societies and clubs. The Maennerchor is the leading German 
 club and has finely furnished rooms in the Carton Block. The Mendelsohn 
 Club is a prominent organization among singers. They are under the direction 
 of Prof. B. G. Jarvis. There are many other clubs to mention which would 
 take a volume. 
 
 Secret societies are strongly entrenched here. The masons have three 
 lodges Utica, Faxton and Oriental, besides the chapter, commandery and other 
 branches of the order. The Masonic Hall is elegantly appointed and the order 
 is strong in the number and influence of its members. The various deo^rees of 
 the Odd Fellows have well furnished rooms and flourishing lodges! The 
 working men are particularly well organized. Each trade has its Union, and 
 these are joined together in what is known as the Trades Assembly. Beside 
 the Knights of Labor are very strong. There is comparatively little trouble 
 from strikes, the difl'erences between labor and capital being generally settled 
 without difficulty. These organizations have a tendency to keep a balance be- 
 tween employers and employed. 
 
 Taken together, Utica, the home of Governor Horatio Seymour, Eoscoe 
 Conkhng and Francis Kernan, is one of finest cities in the States. If one looks 
 for a healthy place they will find it here, where the rate of mortality is lower 
 than in any other city in New York. For business there are none more advan- 
 tageously situated. The New York Central, and West Shore, connect with the 
 East and West. The Black River road opens up the entire northern country, 
 and makes the Thousand Islands but half a day's journey. The Delaware' 
 Lackawanna & Western, and Delaware & Hudson, connect with all points South'. 
 
 Utica is situated in the midst of a rich and fertile section of the country '; 
 it is the terminus of three railroads, and two others run through it. These' 
 roads run trains so that people come quite a distance to buy goods, and return 
 home the same day. Hence, as a trading center the city has few equals. The 
 stores of all sorts will compare favorably with those of many much larger cities. 
 The assortment and arrangement of goods could with diflficulty be improved.' 
 This is admitted by people from other towns and cities. Utica is, withal, a 
 progressive city. The young business men are all enterprising and are on the 
 alert, not only for their own good, but for the city as well. The time is not far 
 distant when Utica's 40,000 will be 100,000, and when of the United States 
 it shall be what it is now to New York, its most attractive city. 
 
Opera Hou^^e, Fayette Street, Utica, N. \ . 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA, 
 
 N the following series of brief descriptive articles, to which the attention of 
 the reader is particularly directed, will be found a large amount of useful 
 and practical information of the highest value. From these an accurate 
 knowledge will be imparted with reference to the Commercial and Manufac- 
 turing facilities of this city — its advantages as a market for the purchase of 
 supplies— its opulent and enterprising business concerns (none of which have 
 been willingly omitted), and the striking diversity of its resources. 
 
 As an exhibit of wealth, enterprise, and individual worth, this group of 
 notices is a remarkable one, and evinces a degree of active endeavor and pros- 
 perous usefulness that cannot fail to excite the consideration of the reader, and 
 lead to the establishment of more perfect ideas with reference to the real great- 
 ness of Utica as a commercial center : 
 
 JOHN P. VIDVARD & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers op Cottonade Pants, 
 Overalls and Shirts, and Manufac- 
 turers' AC4KNTS AND COMMISSION DEAL- 
 ERS IN Dry Goods and Notions, 25 and 
 ^7 John Street, 
 
 One of the most enterprising houses in this 
 section of the country concerned in the Dry- 
 Goods and Notion trade is that of the above 
 firm. It was established about ten years ago, 
 and has continued to advance, owing to the 
 energy, tact and forethought with which it 
 has been conducted. 
 
 At the address indicated, the firm occupy 
 premises comprising five floors of the dimen- 
 sions of about 100x40 feet in extent. Here 
 are stored vast quantities of every conceivable 
 variety of goods suitable to an extensive hand- 
 ling of fine dry goods and notions. The 
 house manufactures cottonade pants, over- 
 alls and shirts, and cotton batting, of the best 
 quality, and they are enabled to produce these 
 goods at prices that will favorably compete 
 with any in the country. Messrs. Vidvard & 
 Co. are also agents for the largest and most 
 reliable manufacturing dry goods houses in 
 Massachusetts, New York and Pennsylvania, 
 and dispose annually of enormous quantities 
 of fabrics, &c. They also handle goods on 
 commission and are prepared at all times to 
 make advances if required. By virtue of large 
 command of capital, and their facilities for 
 quickly making sales, they are enabled to offer 
 
 terms to their customers difficult to procure 
 elsewhere. 
 
 The individual members of the firm, are 
 Messrs. John P., and Peter Vidvard. The lat- 
 ter gentleman is a native of France, but has 
 long resided in Utica, and is one of the best 
 known and most respected citizens here. Mr. 
 John P. Vidvard, his son, was born in this 
 city, and is about thirty years of age, and very 
 popular. He has filled the position of Lieut. 
 Colonel of the celebrated Young's- Cavalry, and 
 is always to be found foremost in any arrange- 
 ment that is calculated to advance or develop 
 the resources of the city. Concerned in the 
 dry goods business since he was twenty-one 
 years of age, he has acquired an experience 
 that enables him to seize every opportunity for 
 advancing the interests of the firm, and thus 
 at the same time benefit his patrons. Mr. 
 J. P. Vidvard is also largely concerned in the 
 Utica Furniture Company. 
 
 The trade of this house is spread through 
 Central and Northern New York, Pennsylvania, 
 and Canada. Employment is given to about 
 eighty-five operators, and a number of travelers 
 represent its interests abroad. 
 
 We are assured that this city has reason to 
 be proud of the existence of such houses as the 
 above. Enterprising, judicious in all its ope- 
 rations, and doing a very large and increasing 
 business, the house of J. P. Vidvard & Co. 
 may fairly claim the highest consideration 
 from all those with whom it may be brought 
 into contact. 
 
56 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Le ROY, SnATTUCK & HEAD, 
 
 Manufacturers of Wagon Builders' 
 Hardware, Furnaces, &c., Broad 
 Street. 
 
 The rapid advancement in the manufacturing 
 arts which so distinguish our American indus- 
 tries, is a subject of interesting study. In al- 
 most every department of mechanics do our 
 people excel, and the products of American 
 workshops and looms stand unrivaled in the 
 markets of the world. This statement is par- 
 ticularly true of all that pertains to the build- 
 ing of wagons and agricultiti-al implements, 
 heavy machinery, &c., in which the products of 
 Amei'ican genius are noted for their lightness, 
 strength and general adaptability to the work 
 required of them. One of the most notable 
 •establishments of Utica is devoted to the pro- 
 duction of this class of work, and has achieved 
 a wide reputation. Twenty years have elapsed 
 since the business was first instituted as Chap- 
 man & Co., and several other changes in title 
 transpired, until 1874, when the firm became 
 known as at present indicated. 
 
 For the purposes of the business, premises 
 are utilized at the address as above, which are 
 of the dimensions of 317x120 feet. The motive 
 power is furnished by an engine of 60 horse 
 power, and the plant comprises the best and 
 most appi'oved of its kind procurable and put 
 in newly during the past year, A force of 
 eighty-five skilled operatives is employed in 
 turning out the work, which consists of every 
 conceivable variety of heavy wagon builders' 
 hardware, as well as cast iron soil pipes, agri- 
 cultural tools, cultivator teeth, &c. These 
 productions are all manufactured from the best 
 material and with the greatest care, and every 
 advantage and improvement is availed of by the 
 firm to lessen the cost of production and im- 
 prove the quality and usefulness of the goods. 
 
 In addition to the above the house has just 
 commenced the manufacture of a new hot-air 
 furnace, which possesses in a marked degree 
 many valuable properties. These are in the 
 first place provided with a dome-shaped top, 
 and are fitted with the only reverse motion 
 grate made, and which is patented. This, by 
 the slightest effort, removes all clinkers and 
 ashes without waste or disturbing the bed of the 
 fire, and constitutes, by its mode of operation, 
 a strong motor in the economy of fuel. This 
 furnace is known as the "Standard." 
 
 Altogether there can be no doubt of the val- 
 uable character of this house's productions, an 
 outlet for which is found throughout all tlie 
 
 States of the Union, and goods are largely ex- 
 ported to Canada. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. T. V. 
 Le Roy, L. H. Shattuck, and G. W. Head. 
 
 These gentlemen in the various ramifica- 
 tions of their business have borne an important 
 part in extending the reputation of Utica as a 
 manufacturing center, as well as in fostering 
 by their employment of labor the material ad- 
 vantages of the city. Their present works and 
 their extensive efforts offer, the best evidence 
 as to the energy, enterprise and ability which 
 have characterized their management, and 
 which renders any personal comment un- 
 necessary. 
 
 E. P. DOWNER, 
 
 Lumber Dealer and Planing Mill, Ca- 
 nal Street. 
 
 The building interests of the country occupy 
 a most important portion amongst its material 
 resources; and all those enterprises contingent 
 upon the prosperity of the building trade, con- 
 serve, in a marked degree, the industry which 
 called them into existence. Of such none are 
 more useful to the community than those con- 
 cerned in the dealing of lumber, and in the 
 manufacturing of sash, doors, blinds, etc. 
 
 Engaged in this line of trade, the well-known 
 concern of E. F. Downer is widely known. 
 The business, as at present constituted, has ex- 
 isted but six years, but it may be said to be 
 the outcoming of the old established and reli- 
 able lumber business for years identified with 
 the name of Downer. 
 
 At the address, as indicated, are located 
 the premises, which are five acres in extent, 
 and which comprise lumber yard and build- 
 ings, planing mill, etc. ; the motive power for 
 which is furnished by steam, and where all of 
 the best character of machinery is utilized by 
 a force of twenty-five employes in the manu- 
 facture of sash, doors and blinds, moulding, 
 matching, Newell posts, and, in fact, every- 
 thing constructed of wood that may be re- 
 quired in the building industry. 
 
 A large quantity of all kinds of hard and 
 soft lumber is here to be found in stock, and 
 this is constantly being replenished, so that all 
 lumber delivered can be relied on as being per- 
 fectly seasoned. 
 
 The facilities enjoyed by the concern are 
 such as are not easily duplicated. In the first 
 place, the proprietor possesses that knowledge 
 of all details of the business which can only 
 be thoroughly obtained by long experience and 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 57 
 
 close application. Again, the facilities of 
 transport are such as are comprised in the fact 
 that the railroad track is laid right into the 
 yard, so that loading may be done on the 
 premises; and for water transport, there is the 
 Erie Canal alongside of the establishment. 
 With these facilities, it is apparent that Mr. 
 Downer is in every way prepared to compete 
 in all points with any contemporary house in 
 the State, and we can assure our readers that 
 they will find the business of the firm con- 
 ducted on those principles of fairness and in- 
 tegrity that will redound in all instances to 
 the advantage of all concerned. 
 
 THE UTICA STEAM GAUGE CO., 
 
 Manufactuuers of Steam Gauges and 
 Steam Heating Apparatus, 86 and 88 
 Fayette Street. 
 E. A. Wood, C. W. Mead, Wm. E. Wood. 
 
 This concern, by the useful character of their 
 appliances, and the reputation they have long 
 enjoyed, are fully entitled to a prominent place 
 in this work, and we will endeavor in our 
 columns to give some brief description of their 
 manufactures. 
 
 I^l^.d 
 
 Steam Gauges. 
 
 The Utica steam gauge is too well known 
 throughout the United States to require from 
 us any extended description, but in this sketch 
 it is our object to bring before the notice of 
 our readers some of its marked advantages, 
 and also, the improvements that have been 
 lately made by the firm in its mode of manu- 
 facture, which have resulted in the attainment 
 of greater accuracy and precision. 
 
 The spring used in this gauge, of which the 
 cut shows a section in perspective, is composed 
 of two flanged, corrugated disks, A A, locked 
 in a band, B, so that on the admission of pres- 
 sure, the flange, the corrugations and the band 
 all give. Fastening the disks in this manner 
 (without the unyielding screws or bolts com- 
 monly used), united with the elasticity of both 
 f.ange and band, makes this spring to differ 
 
 from all others, and ivholly avoids all setting 
 or cracking of the disks. 
 
 The former mode of manufacturing their 
 disks was by the ordinary die and counter die, 
 which first stamped out the form ; and then to 
 give the brass the desired elasticity and thick- 
 ness, it was necessary to strike it repeated blows 
 under a drop press. Of course, it is at once 
 obvious that by these means, absolute uniform- 
 ity and smoothness were unobtainable. Al- 
 though the springs thus manufactured have 
 been used in this gauge until the past six 
 months, and have achieved for it its well-known 
 reputation, yet the firm have, notwithstand- 
 ing, been experimenting on improvements, and 
 devoting the experience of years to still further 
 perfect their appliances. 
 
 That these results have been now attained 
 will be self-evident as we proceed. By the aid 
 of a new improved machine, lately invented 
 by Mr. Wood, the patentee of the gauge and 
 other improved appliances, and under whose 
 patents all this work is performed, a perfect 
 spring can now be made, conferring absolute 
 accuracy and reliability (as far as the terms 
 can be applied to the results of human ingen- 
 uity) to all gauges to which it may be applied. 
 
 The disks, as now made, instead of being 
 stamped, are rolled between two rollers of 
 peculiar construction, on the principle of a 
 rolling mill. By this action the metal is made 
 to flow into form, and at the same time it re- 
 duces it to the desired thickness, hardens it 
 and gives it temper and elasticity, without in 
 the slightest degree injuring the metal. By 
 thus reducing it by a rotary motion, the grain 
 of the metal runs circular, and this is an im- 
 portant point, as thus there is no risk of crack- 
 ing from a cross-grain shock or strain. By the 
 use of this machine the firm are enabled to 
 produce these disks perfectly flanged, formed 
 and tempered, and of uniform thickness, with- 
 out the variation of a thousandth part of an 
 inch. Attached to the machine is a Verner 
 calliper, which is adjusted to the rotary shaft 
 which rolls the disk, and which is so delicate 
 in its character that this almost inflnitesimal 
 difference can at once be detected in the thick- 
 ness of the metal, by an automatic electrical 
 arrangement which rings a bell continuously 
 as soon as the desired point is reached, ceasing 
 immediately should that point, by an accident, 
 be passed, thus serving as an infallible indi- 
 cator to the operator. The precision thus ob- 
 tained is almost beyond conception. Ordinarily 
 but few persons would consider one-hundredth 
 part of an inch worth consideration, but these 
 
58 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 gauges require, to properly perforin the work, 
 even a finer accuracy; and this improved 
 machine can, and does, register the variation 
 of one-thousandth part of an inch in the 
 thickness of the metal operated on. 
 
 Another invention owned, and exclusively 
 utilized by this firm is that of the electro-mer- 
 curial column for graduating gauges, by means 
 of which, by the addition of a galvanic battery 
 and a register to the ordinary mercury column, 
 every gauge is graduated from the column 
 itself with absolute and unvarying accuracy. 
 One man does the work of three, and electric- 
 ity makes known the pressure of the mercury 
 quicker, and with greater accuracy than the 
 eye and tongue can accomplish. 
 
 Thus it will be apparent that the greatest care 
 and the scientific research of years have been 
 exercised to bring these appliances to their 
 present point of perfection. They are adapted 
 to all kinds of service, and are particularly 
 suited to locomotive use. Large numbers have 
 been sold all over the country, and numerous 
 testimonials from eminent firms and corpora- 
 tions bear evidence to the high character and 
 excellence of the well-known Utica steam 
 gauge. 
 
 Steam Heating. 
 
 The patent steam heating apparatus, manu- 
 factured by this concern, has for its main fea- 
 tures simplicity, safety, low pressure and mod- 
 erate price. The advantages which it confers 
 in economy of fuel, ease of management and 
 durability, makes it ultimately in point of fact, 
 the best mode of obtaining heat. It is pro- 
 vided with a patent boiler, which is constructed 
 from the best of wrought iron and requires 
 but little attention, and is also furnished with 
 a patent grate, which, by an ingenious arrange- 
 ment, is so easy to let out the ashes that a child 
 could shake a grate of the largest sized boiler. 
 There is no machinery or complication about 
 it and nothing to get out of order, and new 
 grates or sections can be easily inserted. We 
 have not the space to give a more extended de- 
 scription of this apparatus, but can, in every 
 way, commend it as one of the most desirable 
 manufactured. 
 
 Besides the above improvements, the firm are 
 also owners of several other patents connected 
 with steam heating, descriptions and par- 
 ticulars of which, with testimonials from al- 
 most every State in the Union, will be for- 
 warded to those desiring them. 
 
 We have said enough to give our readers 
 some idea of the valuable appliances manufac- 
 tured by this house, and we are assured that 
 all correspondence with it in regard to tliem, 
 cannot result but in permanent and satisfac- 
 tory relations. 
 
 EDWARD CURRAN'S SONS, 
 
 Manufacturers and Dealers in Leather, 
 33 Genesee Street. 
 
 From Simon of Joppa to General Grant, 
 many good men have been makers of leather. 
 The making of leather is one of the oldest of 
 trades; and a trade with numerous branches. 
 The house of which we now write is one of the 
 oldest in the State of New York. Ji began bus- 
 iness in 1829, under the name of Hubbell& Cur- 
 ran. In 1854, Mr. Curran bought the interest 
 of his partner and continued the enterprise 
 until his death in 1856; since which time it has 
 been carried on by his sons, Edward and 
 George L. Curran. The store of the firm is in 
 every way suitable; and in it is kept a general 
 stock of leather answering to the wants of boot 
 and shoe manufacturers, as well as shoemakers' 
 findings. The firm also does a large business 
 in domestic hides and skins, buying and selling 
 throughout Central New York. 
 
 The making and selling of a fine quality of 
 finished calf skins, has long been a specialty 
 of the house — their trade extending through 
 this State, New England, and the West. It is 
 justly claimed that the calf skins sold by them 
 are as good as can be found in America, 
 Their best brand of calf skins is the " Geo. H. 
 Thomas & Co." brand, made about fifteen 
 miles from Utica— and no calf skins in Amer- 
 ica bring a higher price, or stand higher in 
 general reputation than the " Thomas " skins. 
 These skins are largely used by custom shoe- 
 makers, being finer than French calf skins 
 and wearing equally as well. Ready-made 
 boots and shoes, made from these skins in the 
 best style, are on sale in all the large towns in 
 the State, and for their fineness and durability 
 are in high esteem. The individual members 
 of the firm, Edward and George L. Curran, 
 both natives of Utica, are thoroughly acquaint- 
 ed with every detail of the business and with 
 the wants of the market. From the above 
 facts our readers abroad may realize the ad- 
 vantages this house enjoys in supplying the 
 wants of persons who may need anything in 
 the way of leather. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 59 
 
 N. A. WHITE & SOX. 
 
 Manufacturers of Stone Ware, Fire 
 Brick, and Sewer Pipe, 183 Whites- 
 BORO Street. 
 
 A very peculiar feature of both the manu- 
 facturing and commercial trade of Utica, is 
 to be found in the number of houses whose 
 establishment dates back to the first half of 
 the century, affording thus a strong indication 
 of the sound basis on which the business of 
 the city is founded. 
 
 As an instance of this the enterprise of the 
 above named firm, sometimes known as the 
 Central New York Pottery, is a ease in point. 
 The business was first established in 1830, and 
 in 1833, Noah White, the father of the present 
 senior partner, assumed the business which 
 
 The products of the house comprise the best 
 quality of fire brick, suitable to furnace work 
 and other purposes; also colored stone ware 
 and sewer pipe. The reputation attained by 
 these productions has resulted in a very exten- 
 sive trade, extending, as regards the firebrick, 
 all over the United States and Canada. This 
 also applies to the stone ware manufactured 
 by the house. The sewer pipe, which is only 
 of the best quality, finds a market throughout 
 this State, and in many cases penetrates be- 
 yond. 
 
 Every care is taken in the manufacture of 
 these goods, and the best and latest improve- 
 ments are at all times adopted by the house in 
 their manufacture. Their facilities are un- 
 equalled, and the various processes of clay- 
 crushing, grinding, moulding, dry-pressing, 
 
 SKEW END. 
 
 SKEW SIDE, 
 
 subsequently became known as N. White & 
 Sons, N. White & Son, and upon the death of 
 the founder, as N. A. White & Son. This 
 title continued until six years ago, and until 
 the death of the then junior partner ; the bus- 
 iness was then carried on by Mr. N. A. White 
 alone until a year ago, when Mr. Charles N. 
 White was admitted a partner, and the final 
 style of N. A. White & Son adopted. 
 
 The premises at the above address utilized 
 by the firm are of the most extensive and com- 
 plete character. They consist of seven build- 
 ings covering a space which is comprised by a 
 frontage of 480 feet on Whitesboro street, run- 
 ing back 180 feet to the banks of the Erie 
 canal, along which it runs about 400 feet. 
 
 ARCH OR CULVERT BULLHEAD OR WEDGE- 
 
 turning, burning and finishing, are all sys- 
 tematized and achieved with economy of time 
 and labor. The premises are admirably se- 
 lected as to location; freights to this point are 
 very low, and thus every facility is at hand to 
 produce the best quality of goods at low prices. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. N. A. White and Charles N. White, 
 both long residents of this city and gentlemen 
 who are in all respects well known to the com- 
 munity. Further personal comment would be 
 out of place, and we can only say in conclu- 
 sion, that the well known character of the 
 house places it above criticism, affording as it 
 does an example of an honorable and pros- 
 perous business career. 
 
CO 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 UTICA STEAM KNITTING MILLS, 
 Manufacturers of Underwear. 
 
 Among the various manufacturing and com- 
 mercial enterprises of this city the above es 
 tablishment is entitled to more than cursory 
 mention at our hands. It is especially those 
 concerns employing a large number of oper- 
 atives that act as powerful factors with regard 
 to the prosperity and advancement of a com- 
 munity by the disbursement of large sums of 
 money as wages. This, of course, circulates 
 through all branches of trade, and thus every 
 large establishment has actually a distinct and 
 specific value in the locality where it is sit- 
 uated. 
 
 In connection with the above remarks we 
 purpose to give some facts with regard to the 
 Utica Steam Knitting Mills which cannot fail 
 to be of interest and value to our readers. It 
 was established about twenty years ago and 
 has since that time succeeded in making a 
 reputation for its products which has been 
 wholly due to their superior character. The 
 concern devotes its energies to the manu- 
 facture of knit shirts and drawers, and the 
 goods find a market throughout the whole of 
 the United States. 
 
 The premises occupied comprise two build- 
 ings of an extensive character, provided with 
 all the best and most improved machinery 
 suitable to the manufacture of a "fine set" 
 knitting mill. It is operated by steam power, 
 and about one hundred and thirty hands are 
 given employment. The decreased expense of 
 mill operating, which is peculiar to Central 
 New York, gives the firm manifold advantages 
 in enabling them to compete, both as to price 
 and quality, with other contemporary con- 
 cerns elsewhere located, and this, added to the 
 personal experience and well known character 
 of the proprietors, enables the house to offer 
 inducements difficult to duplicate in other 
 quarters. 
 
 The individual members of the concern are 
 Messrs. S. S. and G. M. Lowery, the former 
 gentleman a native of Ireland, and the latte^- 
 of New Hampshire ; but both have been long 
 residents of this city, and are highly respected 
 in the community. 
 
 Messrs. A. Pierson, Harriman & Co., of 457 
 Broome Street, New York, are the principal 
 agents for the firm for the production of their 
 mills, and annually dispose of very large 
 quantities of their goods. 
 
 The standing of the house is such that we 
 may not presume to add any commendation. 
 Suffice it for us to say that its large opera- 
 tions and unblemished character render it one 
 of the valuable acquisitions of the city of 
 Utica. 
 
 G. F. WEAVER & SONS, 
 Brick Manufacturers, Deerfield. 
 
 Among the various departments connected 
 with the building trade that are entitled to the 
 first place is the manufacture of brick. That 
 the source of supply for these should be con- 
 tiguous is of great importance, as the saving 
 to be thus effected in freights is of the 
 greatest importance, especially if the quality 
 of the article is in all respects to be depend- 
 ed on. 
 
 In connection with the above remarks we 
 draw the attention of our numerous readers to 
 the old established and well known house of 
 G. F. Weaver & Sons, which was first initiated 
 as far back as forty-five years ago, and was 
 then known as Abraham and G. F. Weaver, 
 and continued as such until 1865, when the 
 present title was adopted. 
 
 The premises utilized in the manufacture 
 cover five acres, and the plant is of the very 
 best and most improved character, lately put 
 in, and the motive power for which is furnished 
 by an engine and boiler of 45-horse power. 
 Thirty-five men and a number of teams are 
 given employment, and the whole is under the 
 direct supervision of the members of the firm, 
 who are practical men in every sense of the 
 term. 
 
 The products of the house consist of good 
 common brick, which is largely utilized in 
 this section of the country, as also throughout 
 the middle and northern portions of the State. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. G. F., 
 F. G. and C. C. Weaver, all natives of Deer- 
 field, and gentlemen well known to the whole 
 community, both individually and as a firm- 
 distinguished for the univei'sal pursuance of 
 the best principles of commercial integrity 
 which have resulted in the establishment of a 
 very large and increasing trade. 
 
 Altogether there can be no doubt of the ad- 
 vantages derived from dealing with this con- 
 cern, both as regards the quality of the goods 
 and the prices at which they are offered, as 
 well as the fair dealing and honorable manner 
 in which all transactions are by it dis- 
 tinguished. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 61 
 
 ROBERTS, PARRY & CO., 
 
 General Hardware and Stoves, 58 Gen- 
 esee Street. 
 
 Perhaps there is no house in the city of 
 Utica which has a more interesting business 
 history than that which is now known by the 
 above title. Its existence can date back to the 
 year 1796, when it was first instituted by Job 
 Stafford, who came here from Albany, and 
 was the first merchant who established a per- 
 manent business here in Utica. In 1815 the 
 business was carried on by Dan Stafford, and 
 underwent several changes until 1836, when it 
 became known as T. H. & G. W. Wood. In 
 1837 the' premises took fire and the firm dis- 
 solved partnership, the business being carried 
 on by G. W. Wood alone until 1852, when it 
 was constituted ^s Wood, Roberts & Co. In 
 1860 it was again changed, and was designated 
 J. E. Roberts & Co., which title was retained 
 until the present year, when Mr. J. E. Roberts 
 retiring, the firm was finally constituted as 
 Roberts, Parry & Co. 
 
 The premises have but recently been occu- 
 pied by the firm, they having been for many 
 years located at the corner of Broad and 
 Genesee Streets, where the well known sign of 
 the old stove was for years a familiar object to 
 the citizens of Utica. Their present site, 
 however, is admirably located in the Marble 
 block, and comprises the entire building of 
 four floors, each of the dimensions 200x20 
 feet in extent. Here is to be found a complete 
 stock of general hardware, iron, stoves and an 
 innumerable array of goods too numerous to 
 particularize. 
 
 The facilities of the house for doing a large 
 wholesale and retail trade are not to be sur- 
 passed. With ample capital at their disposal 
 the firm are enabled to buy in large quantities 
 of the manufacturers, and in all cases for cash, 
 taking advantage of all discounts, and thus 
 being able to give the benefits therein derived 
 to their patrons. 
 
 Their trade is diffused throughout the 
 central portion of the State, and a commercial 
 traveler represents their interests abroad. 
 
 The individual members of the firm as at 
 present constituted, are Messrs. Henry Rob- 
 erts, Wm. B. Parry and H. Curtis Roberts. 
 These gentlemen are well known to all and 
 need no personal comment from us. We will, 
 however, remark that in every way they are 
 thorough business men. The senior partner, 
 
 Mr. Henry Roberts, is a Director of the Second 
 National Bank of this city. 
 
 With ample capital, honorably aequiired, andi 
 enjoying a steadfast and increasing trade, this 
 house is in every way entitled to the consider- 
 ation of those with whom it may be brought 
 into business relations. 
 
 H. BARNARD'S SONS, 
 
 Paper Hangings and Millinery, 85 Gene.- 
 see Street. 
 
 One of the oldest established, best known 
 and most reliable firms in the city of Utica, 
 is that to which we now devote a brief space 
 It was first instituted as far back as the year 
 1824, by Mr. Harvey Barnard, and was car- 
 ried on by him successfully until his death, 
 which took place in 1862, when he was suc- 
 ceeded in the business by his sons, Charles E , 
 Harvey, Horace and Henry Barnard. Mr. 
 Horace Barnard died in 1873, and Mr. Harvey 
 Barnard in this present year, and the business- 
 is continued by the surviving brothers under 
 the style of Harvey Barnard's Sons. 
 
 The premises occupied by the firm are of an 
 extensive nature. They comprise four floors 
 and basement of the dimensions of 70x24 on 
 Genesee street, and on Catharine street a site 
 60x16 feet is utilized. Hei-e is carried on two 
 distinct businesses, that of dealers in and im- 
 porters of paper hangings, window shades and 
 fixtures of all descriptions, and also a large 
 millinery trade. The firm do both a wholesale 
 and retail trade of an extensive character. 
 Thirty-two assistants are employed and two 
 commercial travelers represent their interests 
 abroad, mainly in the central portion of this 
 State. 
 
 The stock of paper hangings carried is some- 
 thing enormous. All grades and varieties, 
 both domestic and foreign, are to be obtained 
 here, and the firm, in all cases, buying direct 
 of manufacturers in large quantities, are en- 
 abled to compete on the most favorable terms 
 with any house in the trade. 
 
 In the millinery department this concern 
 has long been in the enjoyment of an envia- 
 ble reputation. The latest styles of both 
 American and foreign origin are always first 
 to be found at this establishment, while for 
 original designs they cannot be beaten. 
 The best material is utilized and a large 
 variety of millinery goods of all descriptions 
 is always on hand, both for wholesale and re- 
 tail trade. 
 
62 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The gentlemen comprising the firm have 
 ong been residents of this city, where they 
 are well and favorably known. In every way, 
 by virtue of their long experience in the busi- 
 ness, they merit the consideration of the com- 
 munity. The enterprise is conducted on the 
 strictest principles of commercial integrity, 
 and we can safely assure our readers interested, 
 that no more enterprising, reliable and trust- 
 worthy house can be found in the city than 
 that of H Barnard's Sons. 
 
 HAYES & MARTIN, 
 
 Manufacturers of Peed and Dealers in 
 Flour and Grain, Foot of Charlotte 
 Street. 
 
 It is a matter beyond dispute that those en- 
 terprises which are more intimately connected 
 with our consumption of food supplies, either 
 for man or beast, occupy the foremost rank of 
 usefulness in the community. This is espe- 
 cially true when they are conducted on such 
 principles of commercial integrity as to 
 thoroughly deserve the confidence of the 
 community. 
 
 The business of Messrs. Hayes & Martin is a 
 case entirely in point. It was established in 
 the year 1869, as Culver & Hayes and changed 
 to its present title in 1875. 
 
 The premises consist of a building com- 
 prising three floors and basement of the di- 
 mensions of 100x60, and are fitted with three 
 portable mills of the best character, manu- 
 factured by Munson Bros, of this city. These 
 are worked by an engine and boiler of the 
 capacity of 100 horse power. 
 
 The firm manufacture fine and coarse meals 
 of the best description, from corn and oats, 
 and also deal largely in flour, grain, seeds and 
 salt. The location of the works is admirable 
 for shipping being contiguous to the Erie 
 canal. 
 
 By virtue of the facilities enjoyed by the 
 firm, such as buying only in large quanties 
 and receiving all cereals from the west direct, 
 in summer by lake and canal and in winter 
 by the car load; also in manufacturing 
 their own feed they are enabled to supply the 
 the best at the lowest rates, and those houses 
 dealing with them, can in all respects, depend 
 on the purity of the article supplied. 
 
 The trade of the concern extends through 
 central and southern New York. The mem- 
 bers of the firm are Messrs. Nathan S. Hayes 
 and G. B. Martin, long residents of Utica, 
 
 ( and gentlemen who have been thoroughly 
 identified, by their energy and enterprise, with 
 the best interests of the city. 
 
 The policy upon which this business is con- 
 ducted is such as to meet with the conramen- 
 dation of the trade, and those forming relations 
 with the house, may feel assured of receiving 
 that liberal treatment which has always 
 characterized its dealings from its inception. 
 
 PHILO S. CURTIS, 
 
 Machine Shop and Foundry, 214 Whites- 
 BORO Street. 
 
 In this work it will not be diflieult for our 
 readers to realize that our main purpose is to 
 make apparent the advantages possessed by 
 Utica as a manufacturing and commercial 
 center, affording advantages not easy to dupli- 
 cate as a seat of location for the establishment 
 of manufacturing enterprises. Among other 
 advantages to be enumerated, that of the loca- 
 tion here of such enterprises as the above is 
 not the least advantageous, affording, as it 
 does, facilities for obtaining on the spot the 
 necessary machinery, appliances, and manu- 
 facturing plant suitable to the equipment of 
 factories, workshops, etc. 
 
 The business was established fifty years ago 
 by Philo C. Curtis, the father of the present 
 incumbent, who assumed the proprietorship 
 about twenty years ago. 
 
 The premises utilized comprise a number of 
 buildings suitable to their various purposes, 
 each department fitted with the necessary 
 machinery, and the whole driven by an engine 
 and boiler of the capacity of 80-horse power. 
 About eighty to a hundred hands are given 
 employment in connection with the business. 
 
 The products of the house comprise station- 
 ary and portable steam engines, agricultural 
 engines, boilers, castings, and, in fact, every- 
 thing that may be required and could be pro- 
 duced from a well equipped machine and 
 boiler shop. All work is, of course, executed 
 in the best manner and of the best material, 
 and the well known reputation of the concern 
 renders it unnecessary for us to enlarge on its 
 merits. 
 
 Mr. Philo S. Curtis is a native of this city, 
 and is so well known to all its citizens that any 
 comment that we might indulge in would be 
 altogether superfluous. Sufficient for uS to 
 say that the long existence and well known 
 character of the house has fully established its 
 right to be recognized as one of the leading 
 industries of the city of Utica. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 63 
 
 GEO. WINDHEIM, 
 
 Wholesale Dealer in Saddlery Hard- 
 ware, Harness, Etc., 14 John Street. 
 
 The saddlery hardware trade, as now dis- 
 tinctly known, has long been an interesting 
 ■and important specialty, and is surpassed in 
 extent by no single branch of the general 
 hardware trade. The mere enumeration of the 
 articles which go to make up the trade would 
 fill a small volume, and the numbers and 
 styles are constantly increasing. The goods 
 .are manufactured both at home and abroad, 
 •and yearly become more varied and diversified 
 in character. 
 
 In connection with the above remarks, we 
 have particular occasion to note the house of 
 Mr. Geo. Windheim as being more than 
 usually prominent for the enterprise and 
 ■energy with which its operations are conducted. 
 The business was established in 1866, and has 
 since developed an extensive trade throughout 
 the State of New York. 
 
 The premises occupied by the firm consist of 
 &, building of four stories, of the dimensions of 
 '62x33 feet, the whole of which is stocked with 
 the completest assortment in the whole State 
 •of foreign and domestic saddlery hardware, 
 horse clothing and paraphernalia, harness 
 leather, etc., comprising fly nets, dusters, col- 
 lars, saddles, bridles, reins, brushes, and in 
 fact a thousand-and-one articles too numerous 
 to mention, and constituting the complete out- 
 fit for everything pertaining to the equipment 
 •of horses and carriages. Mr. Windheim im- 
 ports direct, and all goods are received from 
 manufacturers, and are therefore placed on the 
 market at lowest figures. Everything is 
 •bought for cash, and the discounts thus saved 
 alone would constitute a handsome income. 
 The facilities for filling orders are unsurpassed 
 by those of any contemporary house, and the 
 stock has no equal for extent, completeness, 
 and varied character. 
 
 With regard to the harness branch of the 
 business we will mention that the firm supply 
 only ready made harness houses, who find it 
 better to their interests to procure the goods 
 from this establishment than from elsewhere, 
 and in good faith to his customers Mr. Wind- 
 heim declines to retail these particular articles. 
 
 Mr. Windheim is a native of Germany, and 
 is 48 years of age, forty-one of which have 
 been passed in the United States, and twenty- 
 five in this city. Though still in the hey-day 
 of vigorous manhood Mr. Windheim has been, 
 as may be inferred, largely concerned in pro- 
 
 moting the growth and prosperity of the city. 
 The position which he has so long occupied in 
 the transactions of a diversified business clear- 
 ly entitles him to the consideration of the 
 community, and readers at a distance may 
 depend that all transactions with this house 
 can only be of a pleasant and profitable 
 character. 
 
 H. J. HOLBROOK & CO.. 
 
 Manufacturers of Ladies', Misses', and 
 Children's Fine Shoes, Catharine 
 Street. 
 
 The city of Utica has for years been identi- 
 fied with the manufacture of fine boots and 
 shoes. As a centre of manufacture of this 
 class of goods it possesses marked advantages. 
 Comparatively with other shoe manufacturing 
 cities, the prices of skilled labor are consider- 
 ably lower. Again, this city is centrally lo- 
 cated in the heart of the most populous State 
 of the Union These advantages have resulted 
 in the formation of large factories, and the 
 results have fully fulfilled the anticipations of 
 those whose enterprise was the means of their 
 establishment. 
 
 In connection with these remarks we pro- 
 pose giving a brief sketch of the house of 
 H. J. Holbrook & Co. It was originally es- 
 tablished in 1873, as Holbrook & Ludlow, and 
 became known, as at the present time, in De- 
 cember, 1880. 
 
 The firm have lately, by the pressure of their 
 increased trade, removed to their new factory 
 especially constructed for their use. It con- 
 sists of a five story building of the dimensions 
 of 100 by 65, and constitutes one of the most 
 complete shoe factories in the country. It is 
 thoroughly fire proof and is supplied with 
 elevators and every possible convenience. 
 The latest and most improved machinery and 
 appliances are utilized in the manufacture of 
 the goods, the production of which reaches 
 the very large figures of $800,000 worth yearly. 
 The firm, when finally settled in their new 
 premises, will utilize the services of from 500 
 to 550 employes, which will entail the payment 
 of a weekly pay-roll exceeding the sum of 
 $4,500. These figures will at once enable the 
 reader to realize the extent of the firm's oper- 
 ations. 
 
 The house manufactures only fine goods 
 made to order for first-class retail trade. The 
 best and most skilled labor is employed and 
 every care that can be is exercised, that all 
 goods shall leave the establishment perfect in 
 
64 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 all respects. Owing to the before-mentioned 
 advantages of location, general economy in the 
 conduct of the enterprise, the utilization of 
 large capital and the practical knowledge of 
 the members of the firm, the house is, in every 
 way, able to compete, both as to prices and 
 quality of goods, with other contemporary 
 houses in the country. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are Mr. 
 H. J. Holbrook and Mr. L. H. Lawrence, both 
 residents of this city and gentlemen long, 
 well and favorably known to the community. 
 It would be idle, therefore, for us to indulge 
 in personal comment; suflfice it for us to say, 
 that the firm are determinded to maintain the 
 present high and extended reputation of their 
 products, and in view of the past success of 
 the house there is no room for doubt of the 
 ability of the present proprietors to accomplish 
 their purpose in the future. 
 
 The firm are now adding to their production 
 a complete line of ladies' hand sewed goods of 
 the finest quality. 
 
 THE SKENANDOA COTTON CO., 
 Manufacturers of Cotton Yarn. 
 
 This company was organized about two 
 years ago, with a capital of $300,000, and 
 under the most promising auspices of success, 
 which have been fully realized by subsequent 
 results. The products of the mill are yarn for 
 hosiery and underwear factories, from Nos. 6 
 to 26, and are delivered to them on cops, and 
 ready for use. The quality of these goods are 
 of the best and this has been understood by 
 the trade. 
 
 The officers of the company are Messrs. A. 
 J. Williams, President ; J. B. Wells, Vice- 
 President; R. S. Williams, Treasurer, and I. 
 R. Scott, Superintendent. These gentlemen 
 are all well known in this community, and 
 offer a strong guarantee of the importance of 
 the undertaking. 
 
 The appointments of the mill are of the 
 most perfect description. The machinery 
 utilized being of the latest and best patterns. 
 About ninety operatives are given employment 
 in turning out about 20,000 pounds per week. 
 The advantages of this undertaking are not to 
 be over estimated, affording, as it does, yet an- 
 other indication of the rapidly advancing im- 
 portance of the city of Utica as a manufactur- 
 ing center. 
 
 GRIFFITHS, GRIFFIN & HOXIE, 
 
 Coffee and Spice Mills, and Whole 
 SALE Dealers in Fancy Groceries, 10 
 Liberty Street. 
 
 By a careful examination of the commercial 
 facilities enjoyed by this city, we find that the 
 house of Messrs. Griffiths, Griffin & Hoxie is 
 entitled among its contemporaries to a place 
 in the front rank. This distinction is accorded 
 not only from its long establishment, its hon- 
 orable career and its extensive business opera- 
 tions, but on account of the enterprise of its 
 business policy. 
 
 The house was originally instituted in 1844, 
 by J. Griffiths, and it later became known as 
 j". Griffiths & Co., Griffiths & Co., and finally 
 five years ago as Griffiths, Griffin & Hoxie. 
 
 The premises occupied consist of a four 
 story building, 110x20 feet in dimensions, lo- 
 cated as above indicated. They are equipped 
 with all the necessary appliances which can be 
 brought into requisition to further the inter- 
 ests of the business. Steam power is used to 
 operate the machinery, which materially adds 
 to the facilities of the establishment, and cur- 
 tails to a great extent, a large amount of labor. 
 The proprietors of these Mills, besides being 
 manufacturers of spices and coffee grinders, 
 are also jobbers of teas, coffees, canned goods, 
 syrups and molasses, and a general line of 
 fancy groceries, in all of which the articles of 
 the house bear a leading reputation second to 
 none in the market. The coffees, especially, 
 bear a high repute, the process of roasting be- 
 ing so carefully accomplished that none of the 
 flavor of the berry is lost or deteriorated. 
 
 Eight hands are employed in the various 
 capacities of salesmen, clerks, warehousemen, 
 &c., and four traveling salesmen are kept on 
 the road throughout the circuit of their trade." 
 
 Embracing the general range of goods perti- 
 nent to the lines above named, this house en- 
 joys a position unusually favorable for afford- 
 ing its patrons substantial advantages. Its 
 trade is mainly in Central New York, but 
 reaches also, to some extent, beyond. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are T. 
 Jay Griffiths, Charles A. Griffin and J. C. Hoxie, 
 all of whom are closely allied to the progress 
 and development of the commercial interests 
 of this city. Mr. Griffiths is also a member of 
 the Board of Supervisors, and has been several 
 times chairman of that body, and is a director 
 of the Mechanics' Association, and of the 
 Oneida National Bank of this city. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 65- 
 
 By reason of the enterprise and liberal policy 
 of this firm, they are fully entitled to the 
 success they have achieved, and the general 
 consideration and esteem in which they ai"e 
 regarded by the community. 
 
 WILD & DEVEREUX, 
 Oneita Knitting Mills, Broad Street. 
 
 The rapid increase in the manufacturing 
 interests of Utica, particularly those engaged 
 in the manufacture of products utilized as 
 wearing apparel, is a matter for congratulation, 
 and the enterprise displayed in all lines of 
 production is well maintained in these par- 
 ticular branches. Of them we will now speak 
 of that presided over by the above firm, which 
 was first instituted nine years ago, and which 
 has, within a comparatively recent period, oc- 
 cupied the new premises at the above address 
 and which comprise, undoubtedly, one of the 
 best equipped knitting mills in the country. 
 They consist of two brick buildings, the en 
 gine and picker house, and the main mill, 
 which is of the dimensions of 175 by 53 feet; 
 the whole plant covering a space 300 by 240 
 feet in extent. Here, operated by a Corliss 
 engine of 75 horse power, are all of the latest 
 and most approved appliances procurable, 
 suited to the manufacture of low grade under- 
 wear. Five sets of cards are run, and besides, 
 three sets of knitting machinery on cop yarn, 
 which is principally procured from the Skeu- 
 andoa Cotton Co., located but a few rods dis- 
 tant from the premises, and which constitutes 
 considerable economy in freights, which would 
 be otherwise incurred if compelled to procure 
 this from a distance. Another important 
 factor of diminished expense of operating, is 
 that the firm draws their water from the ad- 
 jacent Brie canal, and thus avoid the exorbi- 
 tant water rates of the Utica City Water 
 Works. 
 
 The mills, in their construction, have been 
 so built as to reduce all risks of fire to a min- 
 imum. A regular fire department among the 
 operatives is organized, and fire pumps and an 
 instantaneous automatic sprinkler is at once 
 available. For this reason the firm are enabled 
 to insure at the lowest possible rates. 
 
 Thus these advantages will make it evident 
 to our readers, that Messrs. Wild & Devereux 
 are enabled to produce the best quality of the 
 particular grade of goods they manufacture, 
 at the lowest prices. Their special agents in 
 New York City are Messrs. Fred Vietor & 
 
 Achilis, of 66 and 73 Leonard street, and their 
 production is very large and is rapidly increas- 
 ing. Of this, some idea may be formed by 
 the fact that they produce from 5,000 to 6,000 
 dozen shirts and drawers per month, and give 
 employment to about one hundred operatives. 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. John B. 
 Wild and Nicholas E. Devereux, both residents 
 of this city, and gentlemen who are so thor- 
 oughly known as to preclude the necessity 
 from us of personal comment. We will, how- 
 ever remark, that the value of an institution, 
 such as the one in question, cannot be other- 
 wise than of the greatest value to the com- 
 munity, not only by its employment of a 
 large number of operatives, but by its success,^ 
 assuring the fact of the advantages to be de- 
 rived by the establishment in Utica of all 
 branches of manufacturing industry. 
 
 TALLMAN & HURD, 
 
 Manufacturers and Jobbers of Boots 
 AND Shoes, 26 Broad Street. 
 
 Thei-e is nothing which contributes more 
 directly to the metropolitan character of a city 
 than the establishment of enterprising and re- 
 liable manufacturing and jobbing houses, 
 thereby augmenting the facilities of supply 
 and inducing trade to a given center. As a 
 source of supply for boots and shoes this city 
 has long occupied a conspicuous position. 
 
 The house of Messrs. Tallman & llurd wa& 
 established fifteen years ago as Case, Tallman 
 & Co., but has been known as at present, for 
 the past six years. Largely concerned in the 
 jobbing interest, they are also extensive manu- 
 facturers in conjunction with Mr. E. Leroy 
 Smith, the constructive branch of their busi- 
 ness being designated Tallman, Smith & Co. 
 The premises at the above address utilized as 
 offices and warerooms, consist of the entire 
 building of 4 floors and a basement, each of 
 the dimensions of 80x25 feet and the manu- 
 facturing is done on Broadway, where steam 
 power and the latest and most approved ap- 
 pliances are availed of in producing full lines 
 of men's, women's and children's boots and 
 shoes. About fifty operatives are employed by 
 the concern. The individual members of the 
 firm are Messrs. E. A. Tallman and Dewitt C. 
 Hurd; and Mr. E. Leroy Smith, in conjunction 
 with Messrs. Tallman & Hurd, constitutes the 
 firm of Tallman, Smith & Co. These gentle- 
 men are well-known to the community and 
 possess a thorough knowledge of everything 
 appertaining to the boot and shoe industry. 
 
66 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Manufacturing their own goods and availing 
 themselves of all improvements that are calcu- 
 lated to better the quality or lessen the cost of 
 production, Messrs. Tallman & Hurd are able in 
 all respects to compete on favorable terms for 
 the trade of Central and Northevn New York. 
 Being centrally located they possess many ad- 
 vantages, such as lower expenses and lessened 
 cost of freights, and wliich all conduce to en- 
 able them to supply goods at comparatively 
 low prices. 
 
 The influence exercised by this house in the 
 promotion of the shoe trade has been of the 
 most salutary and useful character; and those 
 interested establishing a connection with it 
 may depend upon receiving prompt and liberal 
 treatment and such marked advantages as can 
 with difficulty be duplicated elsewhere. 
 
 COMSTOCK BROTHERS, 
 
 Wholesale Druggists and Grocers, 115 
 AND 117 Genesee Street. 
 
 There is very little room for doubt that out- 
 side of the City of New York, there exists no 
 establishment devoted to the same class of 
 business of larger proportions than the house 
 of Comstock Brothei's, of this city. It was 
 originally established about fifty years ago by 
 A. Hitchcock, and later became known as 
 Foster & Dickinson, Dickinson, Comstock & 
 Co., and finally, in 1865, adopted the title of 
 Comstock Brothers, which it now retains. 
 
 The premises occupied, which are owned by 
 the firm, constitute the most perfectly arranged 
 and best adapted that could possibly be desired. 
 They consist, in the first place, of a basement, 
 store, and offices, with five floors above, of 
 the dimensions of 115x25 feet, each, in extent; 
 besides, this there is another building in the 
 rear, of three floors, and about 80 feet square. 
 These are stored with goods from cellar to roof, 
 and comprising the most complete stock of 
 staple and fancy groceries, drugs of all kinds, 
 wooden ware, paints, oils, varnishes, wines, 
 liquors, tobaccos, canned goods, hams, and in 
 fact a thousand and one articles too numerous 
 to mention, connected with the drug and gro- 
 cery trade. 
 
 The premises utilized are furnished through- 
 out with every modern facility for the prompt 
 fulfillment of orders and the economical hand- 
 ling of the goods, elevators, cranes, and all 
 appliances are provided, and a gas engine of 
 the most ingenious construction is used as the 
 
 motive power. There is a laboratory for the 
 compounding of extracts, essences, &c., and 
 an experienced chemist is employed by the 
 firm. 
 
 The facilities of the honse are among others 
 such as are comprised in being able by virtue 
 of their large operations to buy direct from 
 first hands, and in such quantities that terms 
 and prices are secured, impossible to be ob- 
 tained by small dealers, and by this means the 
 firm are in a position to confer advantages 
 and benefits that few of their compeers can 
 accord. 
 
 Besides the drug and grocery business, the 
 house, as Comstock Brothers & Co., are largely 
 concerned in connection with Mr. J. T. Stevens 
 in the manufacture of the finest grades of copal 
 varnish, and in the grinding of paints. In 
 this branch of their trade they do a very ex- 
 tensive trade throughout the Western States. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. Miles C. Comstock, Edward D. Com- 
 stock and Philip P. Smith. These gentlemen 
 are too well known to the community to re- 
 quire personal comment from us. We will, 
 however, mention that Mr. Miles C. Comstock, 
 the senior partner, has been elected by his fel- 
 low citizens to the office of Mayor, and is Com- 
 missioner of Fire and Police, and a director of 
 the First National Bank of this city. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises the State 
 of New York, and in vax-nishes the entire west- 
 ern portion of the continent. About thirty to 
 thirty-five assistants are employed by the firm, 
 a number of which represent their interests 
 abroad. 
 
 In concluding this sketch we cannot but re- 
 mark that the position held by this house en- 
 titles it to the front rank of consideration in 
 this work. Possessed of such ample and un- 
 doubted facilities it will obviously be to the 
 advantage of all connected with the trade to 
 open and continue business relations with it. 
 In the fact that the concern transacts a busi- 
 ness amounting yearly to one million dollars, 
 and that they pay cash for everything, dis- 
 counting all bills, enough evidence is afforded 
 our readers of the magnitude of the enterprise. 
 
 Conducting a business that adds no little to 
 the good repute of the commerce of Utica and 
 Oneida county, the firm occupy a position 
 which entitles them to the consideration and 
 esteem that they so largely enjoy ; and those 
 entering into business relations with the house 
 will find it equal to all demands that may be 
 made on it. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 67 
 
 J. N. CLOYES, 
 
 Manufacturer op Ladies', Misses' and 
 Children's Machine and CJoodyeab 
 Welt Fine Shoes, Utica, N, Y. 
 
 Among the industries from which Utica has 
 become noted within past years, that of the 
 manufacture of shoes must assuredly be ac- 
 corded a foremost place, and the establish- 
 ment of Mr. J. N. Cloyes may be fairly ranked 
 as one of the best equipped and best located 
 in the city. This business was first instituted 
 by Mr. James Wiswel in 1862, and he was 
 bought out by its present proprietor in 1867. 
 
 The premises as now constituted consist of a 
 brick building of five stories, each floor of the 
 dimensions of 90x38 feet. It was specially built 
 for the purpose that it now serves and is pro- 
 
 Mohawk river. All these advantages allow 
 him to operate his factory at considerably 
 lessened expense and enables him to compete on 
 the most favorable terms with other contempo- 
 rary concerns. 
 
 Mr. J. N. Cloyes is a native of Herkimer 
 county and has been a resident of this city 
 during the past twenty years. He may be said 
 to be a practical man in his business and exer- 
 cises his personal supervision over his enLire 
 establishment, affording a guarantee that all 
 work leaving his factory shall be in every way 
 perfectly executed. 
 
 These facts will enable our interested ]-eaders 
 to realize that their best interests will be 
 served by a correspondence with this house, as- 
 sured, as we are, that it is fully alive to all the 
 needs of the market both as to price and qual- 
 
 vided with a plant which includes the very 
 best and most approved appliances suitable to 
 the manufacture of fine shoes. It is operated 
 by an engine of 15-horse jjower and boiler of 
 40-horse power, the latter also utilized in heat- 
 ing the building. About two hundred hands 
 are employed by the firm. 
 
 In selecting the present location of the fac- 
 tory Mr. Cloyes was specially alive to the ad- 
 vantages that it would confer. In the first 
 place the building standing alone and apart 
 from other structures and being provided with 
 windows on its four sides, a much better light 
 was procurable than elsewhere. Again this 
 would enable him to effect insurance at lower 
 rates, as this naturally diminished all risks of 
 fire. Furthermore Mr. Cloyes is not depend- 
 ent for his water supply on the Utica Water- 
 works, as it is taken direct from the adjacent 
 
 ity of goods; and in commending the concern, 
 we do so with the assurance that business 
 transactions entered into with it will not only 
 be pleasant but permanently profitable. 
 
 G. J. BUCHANAN, 
 
 Cotton, Woolen and Knitting Mill Sup- 
 plies, 33 Catharine Street. 
 
 The business of the above gentleman was 
 established on May 1st, 1880, for the supplying 
 of cotton, woolen and knitting mills with all 
 appliance necessary for the carrying on of 
 their manufacture. Mr. Buchanan is a native 
 of London, England, but has been in this 
 country for twenty years, and since the year 
 1866 in this city. He was in the employment 
 of Messrs. J. H. and N. A. Williams for about 
 thirteen years, during which time he acquired 
 
•68 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 the perfect knowledge of the business he now 
 possesses, and which serves him in good stead 
 in conducting his own enterprise. 
 
 The premises occupied by him comprises two 
 floors of the building at the indicated address, 
 and are supplied with necessary tools for the 
 manufacture of loom straps and leather pick- 
 ers, etc. Besides these articles Mr. Buchanan 
 deals in shuttles, weavers' reeds, bobbins, 
 spools, and general supplies. It would be 
 impossible for us to enumerate the various 
 articles incident to the business, suffice it is for 
 us to say that everything suitable to the equip- 
 ment of mills of the above description can be 
 supplied by Mr. Buchanan. Himself superin- 
 tending the affairs of the concern, the trade can 
 ;at all times rely upon receiving from the hands 
 ■of this gentleman the best goods procurable, 
 and as the business policy of the house is 
 marked by fairness, liberality and strict integ- 
 rity, we predict that it will long continue to 
 >be one of the permanent and prosperous in- 
 dustries of the city of Utica. 
 
 .J. BIEDERMAN, 
 Manufacturer op Harness and Trunks, 
 3 Whitesboro Street. 
 
 There are no more useful artisans in large 
 modern communities than those engaged in 
 the manufacture of trunks, harness, bags, etc., 
 and such as are known to be reliable in the ex- 
 .ecution of their contracts, always find their 
 services in good demand, and their connections 
 constantly growing. 
 
 Among the most reliable and trustworthy 
 houses of this description in this locality is that 
 of Mr. J. Biedennan, located as above indi- 
 cated, and which was established in 1854, and 
 has since built up a large and growing trade 
 in the city and vicinity. 
 
 Mr, Biederman manufactures and deals in 
 all kinds of trunks, bags, satchels, etc , and 
 also makes harness which may .justly be claimed 
 to be unsurpassed for style, finish and good 
 workmanship; and in addition, we may say 
 that the prices are fully as low as would be 
 paid for many goods of inferior manufacture. 
 A practical man himself, everything is exe- 
 cuted under his immediate supervision, thus 
 affording a guarantee that all work leaving his 
 -establishment shall be perfeect in all respects. 
 
 The premises utilized consist of a building 
 comprising four flooi's, of the dimensions of 
 .about 25x50 feet. About six to ten operators 
 .are given employment, according to the season. 
 
 Mr. Biederman makes a specialty of work to 
 order, and also sample bags for traveling 
 agents. Mr. Biederman is a native of Ger- 
 many, but has been a resident of Utica since 
 1849. 
 
 We cheerfully commend this house to our 
 readers, feeling confident that none will more 
 safely serve their interests and give universal 
 satisfaction. 
 
 GEO. Dubois & co., 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Crock- 
 ery, Glass and Plated Ware, 181 Gen- 
 esee Street. 
 
 Perhaps one of the most indispensable 
 branches of trade that we have among us is 
 that of china, crockery, glassware, lamps, 
 house furnishings and kindred articles, and the 
 most reliable and representative house that we 
 have among us, engaged in this line of busi- 
 ness in Utica, is that of Messrs. DuBois & Co., 
 at 181 Genesee Street. This establishment is 
 one of the finest in the city, and comprises a 
 commodious store and basement, 24x140 in di- 
 mensions, and also the rear of three floors 
 above, in which goods are arranged in the 
 most artistic manner, and display every con- 
 ceivable article in this branch of trade. 
 
 The house was founded many years ago, 
 when the block was first built, by Lewis Jones, 
 and has been since known under the respective 
 styles of E. J. Herbage, Geo. DuBois. and 
 finally, in 1871, as Geo. DuBois & Co. 
 
 The stock throughout is a most extensive 
 and complete one, and a large wholesale and 
 retail trade is done. Here may be found 
 crockery, glass, china, and silver plated ware; 
 refrigerators, ice cream freezers, lamps and 
 chandeliers, and an extensive wholesale trade 
 is done in looking glasses, pocket and table 
 cutlery, clocks, etc. All goods are procured 
 direct from the manufacturers, and of Meriden 
 hollow ware and Rogers, flat ware this house is 
 one of the largest buyers in the State. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. Geo. 
 and Eugene DuBois, both natives of .Ulster 
 county, but now long residents of this city. 
 These gentlemen are well known and respected 
 among us, and especially is this true of Mr. 
 Geo. DuBois, who is a very prominent mem- 
 ber of the community. Be is one of the 
 officers of the Reformed church. Treasurer of 
 the Y. M, C. A., a member of the Historical 
 Society, the Mechanics' Association, and is 
 also trustee of the C. T. Segar Manufacturing 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 69 
 
 Co. Mr. DuBois has lately presented to the 
 Reformed Church a beautiful stained glass 
 window, executed by Alexander Young, of 
 New York, commemorative of his deceased 
 wife, inscribed : " In Memoriam, Magdelene 
 DuBois." In a word, he is in every way a 
 public spirited and upright gentleman. 
 
 We will not indulge in further personal 
 comment, but in conclusion will only remark 
 that the business of the house is conducted in 
 such a manner that makes it both popular 
 with customers and the trade, among whom it 
 is regarded as one of the most desirable in 
 Central New York with which to establish 
 business relations. 
 
 MARTIN & MILLER, 
 
 Retail Clothiers, corner Broad and 
 Genesee Streets. 
 
 With the growth of this city and county in 
 .commerce, population and wealth, there has 
 also been a rapid growth in every branch of in- 
 dustry which may be considered among those 
 classes of trade more particularly pertaining 
 lo the demonstration of taste and culture. 
 Among these pur- 
 suits that of first- 
 class clothiers may 
 rightfully be r e - 
 garded as of the 
 greatest importance 
 to a community, in 
 furnishing those evi- 
 dences of refinement 
 and taste in dress 
 that are represented 
 in fashionable and 
 well-fitting clothes. 
 As one of the houses 
 in this line of busi- 
 ness which have 
 been foremost in 
 p r o m 1 i n g the 
 standard of ele- 
 gance in dress, that 
 of Martin & Miller, 
 established March 
 28th, 1878, is of es- 
 ^^"^^ \Hr pecial importance, 
 
 ^ and should not be 
 
 ^-^^^ omitted in a review 
 
 of those places most desirable in Utica as pur- 
 chasing points. 
 
 The premises occupied consist of store and 
 •basement, and upper floor for storage purposes. 
 
 The location is admirably selected, having a 
 frontage of 40 feet on Genesee street, 110 feet 
 on Broad street, and 75 feet on Government 
 Square. Here may be found a very complete 
 and varied stock of gentlemen's and children's 
 clothing. To the latter branch especially does 
 the firm give particular care, and there is no 
 establishment in Centi'al New York that has a 
 better and more carefully selected stock of 
 these goods than Messrs. Martin & Miller. 
 
 The house buys all its goods for cash from 
 first-class New York manufacturers. Every- 
 thing is of the best quality and latest style, and 
 the aim of the concern is not to realize a large 
 profit, but to supply fine goods at low prices, 
 and to derive their compensation from large 
 sales and quick returns. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs, N. F. Martin and H. F. Miller, who, 
 previously to their establishing this business, 
 were for ten years connected with the well- 
 known house of Yates & Co. Possessing a com- 
 plete and thorough knowledge of the business 
 and the requirements of the trade, they are in 
 every way qualified for its successful prose- 
 cution. 
 
 The visitor to the city will be attracted by 
 the novel and tasteful character of the arrange- 
 ment of the show windows of this establish- 
 ment, which always present some beautiful and 
 original design. During the time of the cele- 
 bi'ation of the semi-centennial of the Fire De- 
 partment especially was this manifest, and the 
 daily papers paid them a deserved compliment. 
 
70 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 In conclusion we would remark that our 
 I'eaders at home, as well as from out of town, 
 will do well to patronize this house, if they 
 desire the best of goods at comparatively low 
 prices, and we are assured that all transactions 
 with Messrs. Martin & Miller will thoroughly 
 bear out the verification of our remarks. 
 
 PEOPLE'S BREWING CO., 
 
 Ale Brewers, Cor. Second and Catha- 
 rine Streets. 
 
 In reviewing the various industries that tend 
 to make Oneida county one of the most desir- 
 able counties of the State, it is curious, as well 
 as instructive, to note the advances that have 
 been made in each several lines of production, 
 and to ascertain exactly the progress that has 
 been secured by industry and capital. The 
 growth of the brewing interest may be said to 
 have attained celebrity, both in point of num- 
 ber of establishments as well as in quality of 
 production, and this latter will be clearly illus- 
 trated by the following brief sketch of the 
 People's Brewing Co., recently established in 
 this city: 
 
 The concern was organized in the month of 
 July of the past year, for the purpose of break- 
 ing down the combination of those brewers 
 who wished to keep up the high price of ales, 
 and the success which the company have 
 achieved clearly demonstrates that their policy 
 was a sound one. Although but a short time 
 in existence, the trade of the People's Brewing 
 Co. is increasing rapidly throughout Oneida 
 county, and bids fair to largely extend beyond, 
 at no distant date. 
 
 The premises occupied by the concern con- 
 sist of a three and a half story building, con- 
 taining the plant, which is operated by an en- 
 gine of 35 horse power, and which includes all 
 the latest and most improved appliances suited 
 to the production of the finest ales, to the ex- 
 tent of 85 barrels daily, with a capacity of 125 
 barrels. 
 
 The superintendent of the works is Mr. 
 Philip V. Faass, and the brewing is done under 
 the immediate supervision of Mr. Samuel Finn, 
 who may be said to be one of the most experi- 
 enced and skilful ale brewers in the country. 
 
 The ale produced here is considered equal, if 
 not superior, to any manufactured in the State, 
 and is regarded with the greatest favor by. 
 those best able to judge its relative merits, and 
 is considered by connoisseurs to be excellent in 
 quality and of true malt and hop flavor. 
 
 The officers of the company are Messrs. Jas, 
 Hayes, who is Alderman of the 10th ward, 
 Pres. ; F. Louis Faass, Treas. ; and Wm. Mc- 
 Tiernan, John Doyle and Timothy Coakley, 
 Directors. All these gentlemen are so well 
 known to the community that there arises no- 
 necessity for personal comment. 
 
 Dealers in this vicinity, as well as those at a 
 distance, will do well to send for a sample lot, 
 being assured that their customers will appre- 
 ciate a beverage of the best quality, and at 
 prices that will bear favorable competition with 
 any. 
 
 MOORE & SHELDON, 
 
 Manufacturers of Harness and Trunks, 
 45 Genesee Street. 
 
 One of the oldest established firms in this 
 city concerned in the manufacture of trunks 
 and harness is that which was first established 
 thirty-five years ago, by Legrand Moore, the 
 present senior partner of the above firm. Fif- 
 teen years later the house adopted as its title, 
 that of Moore & Sheldon, which style it still 
 retains. 
 
 At the premises utilized the whole building 
 is occupied by the operations of the firm. A 
 force of about seven men are employed in turn- 
 ing out the best quality of harness, trunks, 
 bags and straps. Only the best material is 
 utilized in the manufacture, and the greatest 
 care is taken with regard to the workmanship. 
 Messrs. Moore & Sheldon buy all raw materials 
 for cash, discoimting all the bills, and in addi- 
 tion to this, being both practical men m their 
 business, they are in posession of facilities 
 second to none in the same line of trade, for 
 furnishing the best work at lowest prices. 
 These facts our readers will realize for them- 
 selves on investigation, and they will find that 
 we do no more than simple justice to this en- 
 terprising house. 
 
 The members of the concern are Messrs. Le- 
 grand Moore and Artemas H. Sheldon. Both 
 gentlemen are natives of Otsego county, but 
 have been long residents of this city. They 
 are in every way qualified for their business, 
 and their products have always had an enviable 
 reputation in this city and county. Our read- 
 ers both at home and abroad, when requiring 
 this class of goods, will do well to communicate 
 with this firm, and they will find that we do 
 them only justice when we say that by their 
 energy and enterprise they deserve the succcess 
 which the high character of their goods fully 
 entitles them. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 71 
 
 SHERWOOD & GOLDEN, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers xx and 
 Importers of Crockery, Glass and Sil- 
 verware, 125 Genesee Street. 
 
 Among the innumerable and varied articles 
 produced in the United States, which are con- 
 stantly swelling our nation into greater mag- 
 nitude and strength, not the least in impor- 
 tance is that of china, glass, crockery, and 
 plate ware. The United States can now pro- 
 duce a good article, but it has been only within 
 a comparatively recent period, and the finer 
 grades are still imported from Europe. 
 
 Engaged in this line of business we find 
 Messrs. Sherwood & Golden, whose establish- 
 ment may be justly said to be the largest and 
 most complete of the kind in this section of 
 the country. The house was founded in 1873, 
 and has since that poriod built up a very ex- 
 tensive trade throughout the State of New 
 York. The salesrooms consist of a basement 
 and store and two floors above, of the dimen- 
 sions of 160 by 33 feet. The display of wares 
 here is particularly large and handsome, and 
 the general stock is as complete as the goods 
 are rare and beautiful: and they are procured 
 only from the most reliable houses in this 
 country and in Europe. 
 
 The facilities enjoyed by the firm are such 
 as should entitle them to the consideration of 
 the public and the trade. The house imports 
 xlirect all foreign goods and the firm is in inti- 
 mate communication with the large manufac- 
 turers of tliis country. They are the special 
 agents for this section for the silver ware of 
 the Minden Britannia Co., the chandeliers of 
 Messrs. Bradley & Hubbard, of Minden, Conn., 
 •and also for the houses of T. & R. Boote, and 
 Wedge wood & Co., of Staffordshire, England; 
 likewise for the celebrated house of Haviland 
 & Co., of Limoges, France. 
 
 A full line of' all crockery, glass and silver 
 plate is carried by the house, and specialties 
 are made of chandeliers and house furnishing 
 goods; and also particularly, in fancy goods 
 for holiday presents. These are imported di 
 rect from almost every country in Europe, and 
 the house carries certainly the largest stock of 
 this class of goods in this part of the country, 
 and perhaps they are not surpassed in this re- 
 spect by any establishment in the United 
 States. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. Joseph B. Sherwood and Orlando T. 
 Golden, both natives of this city and gentle- 
 men whose long experience and unimpeachable 
 character fully entitle them to the respect of 
 the community and the confidence of their 
 patrons. 
 
 About twenty-three assistants are given em- 
 ployment in connection with the enterprise, 
 five of whom are commercial travelers, repre- 
 senting the interests of the concern throughout 
 the State of New York, 
 
 In conclusion we may say that, with the 
 large facilities above enumerated, it is unnec- 
 essary for us to make any further comments 
 with regard to the firm. Our readers, both 
 at home and abroad, will be amply justi- 
 fied in reposing the highest degree of confi- 
 dence in the house and its products. 
 
 STEVENS & LOCKART, 
 
 Manufacturers and Wholsale dealers 
 IN Cigars and Tobaccos, 38 Charlotte 
 Street. 
 
 The latest addition to the important indus- 
 try of the cigar and tobacco trade of this city 
 is that of the above firm, which has been es- 
 tablished during the current year, both mem- 
 bers, however, having for three years been con- 
 nected as partners with the well-known house 
 of F. M. Kendrick & Co. Realizing for them- 
 selves, however, the advantages of conducting 
 their enterprise apart from the parent house, 
 they have formed a copartnership under the 
 above title, and already at this early stage of 
 their affairs, have clearly demonstrated that 
 their policy has been the correct one. 
 
 Their premises are located at 38 Charlotte 
 street, where are to be found all of the latest 
 and best equipments suitable to the carrying 
 on of a first-class cigar manufactory, consti- 
 tuting the best equipped shop of the kind in 
 the city, A force of thirty-five to forty highly 
 skilled cigarmakers and employes are utilized 
 in turning out the very best quality of goods, 
 which will be known under their respective 
 brands of Standard and Non Plus Ultra for 
 ten cent cigars, and Industry, Surprise, Sun- 
 set and Smacks for those retailing at five cents. 
 In smaller cigars the names of Cherubs and 
 Our Darling are destined to become celebrated. 
 
72 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 NotLing but the best and most carefully 
 selected stock will be used by this firm, who 
 are determined not only to gain trade, but, by 
 keeping their goods always up to the highest 
 and uniform standard of excellence, to, in all 
 cases, retain it. 
 
 The gentlemen comprising the firm are 
 Messrs. Wm. G. Stevens and Robert Lockart, 
 both long residents of the city, and in every 
 way men of enterprise and push, who are de- 
 termined to succeed by adopting in their busi- 
 ness policy, those principles of fair dealing and 
 integrity which are the only sure methods of 
 ultimate and permanent establishment. 
 
 The trade of the concern is mainly derived 
 from this section and the central portion of 
 the State, and they are represented in these 
 localities by three commercial travelers. 
 
 Thus it will be seen that this firm enters 
 upon its business career with every promise of 
 success, and we can safely assure our readers 
 interested, that transactions which may ensue 
 with it will be found in the highest degree sat- 
 isfactory and advantageous to all concerned. 
 
 The house, in addition to their cigar making 
 department, are large handlers of manufac- 
 tured and leaf tobaccos of well-known and 
 highly approved brands. 
 
 H. H. COOPER & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers, Wholesale Dealers in 
 Clothing, 33, 35 and 37 John Street. 
 
 Among the important lines of manufacture 
 for which Utica has become noted, the cloth- 
 ing interest takes a place at the head. Not 
 only is the amount of goods made here worthy 
 of note, but the fine quality of the work pro- 
 duced in Utica is generally recognized by the 
 trade, and the reputation thus secured has at- 
 tracted an important business which is annual- 
 ly increasing. 
 
 Among the most extensive establishments of 
 this class is the firm of H. H. Cooper & Co., 
 which was located here in 1871, under the title 
 of Cooper, Chamberlain & Horn, subsequently 
 changing to Cooper & Chamberlain, and finally, 
 in 1877, adopting the style of H. H. Cooper & 
 Co., which it now retains. 
 
 The extent and character of the operations 
 of this firm offer a fitting illustration of this 
 important line of business. The building 
 utilized consists of four floors and basement, of 
 the dimensions of 100x60. This is provided 
 
 with steam power and every requsite appliance 
 suitable to the carrying on of the business. 
 The cutting, which is performed by steam, is 
 done on the premises and a very large number 
 of employes, in all amounting to from seven 
 to eight hundred, are given employment. 
 
 The goods manufactured by the firm com- 
 prise a full line of men's, youth's, boy's and 
 children's clothing in all grades, sizes and 
 qualities, and some idea of the immense opera- 
 tions of the firm may be inferred from the fact 
 that the yearly sales of the house amount to 
 $400,000. The facilities of the house for doing 
 this vast business are not to be surpassed By 
 virtue of their long experience, the command of 
 large capital, and general economy in the con- 
 duet of the enterprise, the firm are enabled to 
 offer inducements to the trade second to none 
 in the country. 
 
 The trade of the house is diffused all over 
 the northern section of the United States and 
 their interests abroad are represented by a 
 number of commercial travelers. 
 
 The personnel of the firm consists of Messrs. 
 H. H. Cooper and H. R. Judson, both residents 
 of this city and gentlemen well known to the 
 citizens of Utica. We will eschew all com- 
 ment of a personal nature, but of the firm we 
 will remark that the care exercised in its con- 
 duct and the strictly honorable principles on 
 which it is conducted, have merited for it the 
 esteem, consideration and confidence of all 
 with whom it has had dealings. 
 
 CHAS HUTTEN, 
 Lager Beer Brewer, 93 Third Street. 
 
 As shown by the recent industrial census of 
 the United States, the consumption of malt 
 liqvxors has increased more than fifty per cent, 
 during the last decade, and the growing popu- 
 larity of these beverages is manifest in the 
 increase of their consumption. 
 
 Europe, and notably G-ermany, which was 
 thought to be the only country in the world 
 that could produce lager beer in its original 
 excellence and purity, formerly supplied what 
 little of this beverage was consumed in this 
 country, but now for many years we have 
 produced beer which is equal, if not superior, 
 to that made abroad. 
 
 This has largely been brought about by the 
 energy and enterprise of our citizens of Ger- 
 man origin. In this city Mr. Hutten has been^ 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 73 
 
 since 1856, concerned in the management of a 
 business, originally established by Mr. Strumm, 
 in 1852, and which is devoted to the brewing 
 of a lager beer of the very best quality. 
 
 At the premises above indicated, about three 
 thousand barrels are annually produced. 
 Every care is exercised by the proprietor in 
 the production of this delicious and whole- 
 some beverage, Mr. Hutten is a native of Ger- 
 many, but has been a resident here for the 
 past twenty-six years. He is an honorable and 
 straightforward gentleman, and a capable and 
 intelligent brewer. His business, although 
 not as large as many others, is nevertheless, of 
 importance to Utica and vicinity, as the qual- 
 ity of his productions is not to be surpassed. 
 His expenses are low, which enables him to 
 supply the best article at the lowest prices. 
 Altogether, we are sure that the trade's inter- 
 ests will be served by dealing with this house. 
 
 P. VIDVARD & SON, 
 
 Wholesale Dealers in Liquors and Ci- 
 gars, 45 AND 47 John Strekt. 
 
 For over a third of a century the house of 
 P. Vidvard & Son has been a prominent land- 
 mark in the history of the liquor and cigar 
 trade of this city, and has during so extended 
 a period exercised an influence upon local 
 trade and commerce of the most salutary char- 
 acter. 
 
 The business was established in 1847 by Mr. 
 Peter Vidvard, and was carried on by him 
 alone until 1879,when Mr. Jules J. Vidvard, his 
 son, was admitted into partnership, and the 
 firm became known as at the present time. 
 
 The premises occupied for this business are 
 at once extensive and well adapted for its pur 
 poses and consist of a building comprising 
 three floors and basement of the dimensions 
 of 75x40 feet, the whole of which is stored 
 with goods. Bere is kept a large and com- 
 plete stock of foreign and domestic wines, 
 whiskies, gins, rums, brandies, also porter, 
 cigars, etc. 
 
 Pure and aged liquors and fine wines have 
 become more than ever popular with our peo- 
 ple of late years, and those houses which are 
 known to keep this class of goods are the ones 
 most sought after. The firm make a specialty 
 of handling only such as they can guarantee 
 to be strictly pure and unadulterated. They 
 buy their whiskies direct from the distillers. 
 
 and having ample storage room, age them 
 themselves and when offered for sale they may 
 be relied upon as pure in every particular. 
 They also carry a full line of the finest and 
 most popular brands of imported goods, in 
 original packages, and at prices as low as can 
 be purchased in any market in this country. 
 Of the specialties handled by the concern we 
 will mention the gold medal Bourbon 
 whiskies, Sazerac brandies, Canada malt 
 whiskies and Meder Swan gin. The facilities 
 of the house for doing a wholesale trade, the 
 capacity for judgment possessed by its mem- 
 bers, gained by long experience and close ap- 
 plication, and their straightforward and liberal 
 manner of dealing, have built up a trade ex- 
 tending through the State, and penetrating 
 beyond, even to California, 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 gentlemen who are thoroughly well known to 
 the community. Mr. Peter Vidvard was born 
 at Nancy, France, but has been a resident of 
 Utica for about forty years. His son, Mr. 
 Jules J. Vidvard, is a native of this city, and 
 established in Rome, in 1875, the Vidvard 
 brewery. The senior member is especially 
 well known in connection with the liquor 
 interest, and in 1859 he was elected Treasurer 
 of the New York State Liquor Dealers' Asso- 
 ciation. In connection with other interests, 
 we will mention that he is President of the 
 Utica Furniture Co. (limited). We may fairly 
 say that no one in this community is more 
 highly respected and esteemed for his general 
 upright dealing and amiable and generous dis- 
 position. He is an extensive property owner, 
 and by his public spirit and enterprise has 
 done no little in advancing the interests and 
 prosperity of the city of Utica. 
 
 JOHN A. DA VIES, 
 
 Manufacturer of and Dealer in Fur- 
 niture, 51, 52 and 53 Franklin Square. 
 
 In compiling an account of the mercantile 
 establishments of this city and county, we de- 
 sire to particularly mention that class of 
 houses which are the best representatives of 
 each special line of trade, and which con- 
 tribute most to the city's reputation as a 
 source of supply. As one of the leading rep- 
 resentatives of the furniture trade we quote 
 the house of John A. Davies of Franklin 
 Square. Mr. Davies has been in business 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA 
 
 since the year 1850, and has since that time 
 succeeded in establishing a reputation for 
 trustworthiness and general fair dealing sec- 
 ond to none in the city. 
 
 His premises consist of the store extending 
 through from Franklin Square to Seneca street, 
 and three floors above, each of the dimensions 
 of 185x65 feet, where may be found every de- 
 scription of household, office and hotel furni- 
 ture, bedding, mirrors, &c. These are pro- 
 cured in all cases direct from the best manu- 
 facturers for cash, and constitute a stock which 
 for extent and selection can compare favorably 
 with any in the county. The firm is ready 
 at all times to manufacture to order furniture 
 in any design to suit the wants of its patrons. 
 A considerable portion of the work, such as 
 upholstering, is executed on the premises, and 
 in this connection about sixteen skilled work- 
 men are given employment. 
 
 Mr, John A. Davies is a native of New 
 York, but has long been a resident of this city. 
 He is a thoroughly practical man and is well 
 known to the community as a gentleman of an 
 upright and liberal character. 
 
 In conclusion, we feel at liberty to say that 
 all who effect relations with this house will 
 derive advantages that cannot readily be ac- 
 corded elsewhere. 
 
 B ALLEN & SONS, 
 
 »Stone Contractors, 39 Park Avenue 
 
 The most important house concerned in the 
 handling of blue and grey sandstone for flag- 
 ging purposes in Utica, and perhaps in the 
 whole of the central portion of the State, is 
 the above firm. It was originally established 
 in 1845, by Mr. B. Alien, and was known as 
 B. Allen & Son in the year 1868. 
 
 The premises which are utilized for the 
 purposes of the business consist of an office 
 and stone yard at the above address, as well as 
 another yard, located on the same thorough 
 fare, near the N. Y. C. R. R, A force of about 
 twenty men are employed in doing the neces- 
 sary work of preparing the stone for the 
 market. 
 
 The quarries from which the mineral is pro- 
 cured are|located in Ulster, Delaware, Sullivan, 
 Chenango and Seneca counties, and the ma- 
 terial is the best suitable to its uses, which is 
 mainly for flagging purposes, as well as for 
 steps, chimney caps, etc. 
 
 The facilities for procuring and making 
 ready for use this stone possessed by the firm 
 
 are unrivaled. Freights, both by railroad and 
 canal, are low, and the personal experience of 
 years possessed by the firm is brought to bear, 
 enabling it to compete favorably in all points 
 with contemporary houses. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. B. and W. F. and G. B. Allen, the 
 first named a native of England, and the lat- 
 ter two of this city. They are both gentlemen 
 for many years well known and respected in 
 the community, Mr. B. Allen having been 
 Member of the Assembly for this district in 
 the years 1818 and 1879. 
 
 The house, by reason of its long standing 
 and unblemished reputation, stands at the 
 front rank of its particular line of trade in 
 this section, and those contemplating giving 
 out contracts will find their advantage best 
 served bv a communication with this firm. 
 
 Confectioner. 
 
 There are but few dealers in Utica who are 
 not more or less familiar with Mr. Corden Ilack- 
 ett's wholesale and retail confectionery estab- 
 lishment. For the benefit of our readers re- 
 siding at a distance, however, a short sketch 
 of this enterprise is in keeping with the object 
 of this work, and will undoubtedly be found 
 useful as well as interesting. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The business was established in the year 1838 
 by its present proprietor, and it is the only one 
 in the whole city which can boast of uninter- 
 rupted possession by the same single propri- 
 etor, for an equal number of years. 
 
 The premises utilized by Mr. Hackett consist 
 of store and basement in the block above des- 
 ignated, and whish is owned by him, and also 
 buildings in the rear. These are utilized, in 
 addition to the premises required for his retail 
 trade, as a factory for the manufacture of line 
 candies, ice cream, cakes and general line of 
 confectionery. All these goods are of the best 
 description and manufactui-ed only from the 
 very purest materials, and therefore Mr. Hack- 
 ett can personally guarantee all goods emanat- 
 ing from Ifis establishment. 
 
 Mr. Hackett also makes a specialty of cater- 
 ing for weddings, receptions and public and 
 private festivities. The well-known reputation 
 achieved by him for the excellence and taste- 
 ful manner in which this is performed, has 
 fully established him as the caterer par ex- 
 cellence of Utica, and no house in Central New 
 York can boast of a higher celebrity in this 
 direction. 
 
 The business, as it now exists, is a very old 
 one, and exemplifies what may be achieved 
 from the smallest of beginnings by means of 
 industry, determination and general principles 
 of business integrity. Mr. Hackett was born 
 in Nottingham. England, and came to Utica 
 over half a century ago. He has officiated 
 as an alderman of this city, and as supervisor, 
 and also has held the position of collector on 
 the Erie Canal. We may say also, that he is a 
 gentleman highly respected in the community. 
 
 His trade is diffused over a circle of a hun- 
 dred miles from Utica, and the superior char- 
 acter of the products of the house has ensured 
 a steady and increasing business. We are as- 
 sured that all future transactions with him will 
 fully bear out the reputation of the house, both 
 at home and abroad. 
 
 WILLIAM H. McGARYEY & CO., 
 
 Wholesale Liquor Dealers, 160 Genesee 
 Street. 
 
 Solomon, when in his glory, proclaimed that 
 good wine was life to his body, that it elevated 
 the mind and made the heart glad. When 
 the fanatical prohibitionists realize that it is 
 not by stopping the trade in liquors, but by 
 lightening heavy hearts that drunkenness can 
 
 be uprooted from society, then people will 
 need no pledge of abstinence, but will learn 
 under happier conditions that temperance in 
 all things is necessary to full enjoyment of 
 life. 
 
 Recent improvements in the process of dis- 
 tillation assure the production of spirituous 
 liquors that are of the highest standard, both 
 in purity and quality, and all who know any- 
 thing about what is going on in the liquor 
 trade are aware that there is growing up among 
 dealers a strong tendency to insist upon such 
 grades of liquor in making their selections. 
 
 In Utica and Oneida county there are a 
 number of houses extensively engaged in the 
 liquor trade, some of which are of inviolable 
 character, pursuing a legitimate trade, as for 
 instance that of W. H. McGarvey & Co., the 
 prominent importing and jobbing house 
 which enjoys the confidence of its customers to 
 the fullest extent and handle superior grades 
 of wines, brandies, whiskies, &c. 
 
 The house was established in 1878, and has 
 since built up a trade extending through the 
 State. For the purpose of the business, an 
 extensive store and basement at the above ad- 
 dress, as well as storehouse on Culver street, is 
 occupied, where are kept in stock brandies, 
 gins, rums, wines, old Bourbon and rye 
 whiskies. The stock is full in all depart- 
 ments, embracing the finest wines and bran- 
 dies of their own importation, and pure do- 
 mestic wines and whiskeys of the leading 
 brands, The goods are also sold free or in 
 bond in the bonded warehouses of the differ- 
 ent States where manufactured or the ports of 
 entry, large quantities being allowed to re- 
 main and mature until required lor demands 
 of the trade. No adulterated goods of any 
 kind are allowed a place in stock and this has 
 been the aim since the commencement of the 
 business. So it will be seen that if the finer 
 grades of liquors are wanted one can get the 
 same here and at prices no higher than in- 
 ferior grades are sold for in many places. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are W. 
 H. McGarvey and James E. Brady. Both 
 gentlemen are residents of Utica and are too 
 well known to require personal comment at 
 our hands, but of the house we may say, in con- 
 clusion, that it is conducted upon a business 
 policy at once liberal and honorable, and those 
 who appreciate a first-class article in this line 
 should bear in mind that it may here be ob- 
 tained, together with fair and courteous treat- 
 ment . 
 
70 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 J. B. WELLS, SON & CO., 
 
 Dry Goods and Carpets, 77 and 79 Gene- 
 see Street. 
 
 In reviewing the various business establish- 
 ments of this city we are often surprised at 
 the extent of their operations and the years 
 that have elapsed since some of them began 
 their successful career. The establishment 
 ■which is the subject of this sketch dates its 
 inception from the year 1843, when it was 
 first established in Utica under the name of 
 Wells & Bailey. In 1846 Mr. Bailey retired, 
 and the business was carried on by Mr. Wells 
 alone until 1865, when Mr. John S. Capron 
 was admitted as a partner, the firm being 
 styled J. B. Wells & Co. This continued 
 until 1873, when the concern was finally con- 
 stituted J. B. Wells, Son & Co. by the admis- 
 sion of Mr. E. L. Wells, the son of the senior 
 member of the firm. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business con- 
 sist of a store and basement, 140x40 feet in 
 dimensions, and also rooms above, the latter of 
 which are utilized as a manufactory for cloaks 
 and suits, and also as carpet fitting rooms. 
 Every convenience is at hand for carrying on 
 the business, and about fifty assistants are 
 employed by the firm in their various depart- 
 ments. 
 
 A very large stock of goods are to be found 
 at this establishment, comprising all kinds of 
 fine dry goods, carpets, hosiery, French and 
 German dress goods, foreign and domestic 
 cottons and woolens, jiotions, linens, fancy 
 goods, silks and, in fact, everything necessary 
 to a complete equipment of ladies' apparel. 
 
 The house is able to compete with contem- 
 porary concerns on favorable terms, owing to 
 the facilities they posess, such as, in the first 
 place, being in the enjoyment of ample capi- 
 tal, exceeding even the vast amount of stock 
 which they carry, and which thus enables 
 them to buy in all cases for cash, and to dis 
 count all their bills. In addition to this, all 
 goods are procured at first hands from the 
 manufacturers, or are imported direct for the 
 firm These advantages enables the house to 
 offer the best of goods at moderate prices. 
 
 The business of the house is derived from 
 those residing throughout the central part of 
 the State, as well as from the residents of this 
 city. The long establishment and well known 
 reputation of the firm ensures them a custom 
 which has assumed the largest proportions. 
 
 Some idea of the increasing business and pat- 
 ronage which they enjoy may be realized in 
 the fact that during the past three years the 
 sales have increased three fold in amount. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. J. B. Wells, John S. Capron and E. L. 
 Wells, all residents of this city, and well 
 known for their energy, integrity and enter- . 
 prise. Mr. J. B. Wells, the senior partner, is 
 a director of the First National Bank, and is 
 also Vice-President of the Skenandoa Yarn 
 Mill, of East Utica. 
 
 Of course it is impossible, with the space at 
 our disposal, to give more than a faint idea of 
 the business of Messrs. J. B. Wells, Son & Co., 
 but there can be no doubt that it is entitled in 
 every way to the consideration of our citizens, 
 not only on account of the magnitude of its 
 operations, but because of its well known and 
 established reputation for fair dealing, and 
 for the high principles of commercial integrity 
 with which it is conducted. Again, every 
 advantage is taken by those at its head to 
 avail themselves of every turn of the market 
 and to keep themselves fully up to the stand- 
 ard of enterprise with regard to the latest 
 novelties in the trade. Our citizens here have 
 long realized these facts for themselves, and to 
 our friends from out of town we can offer no 
 better advice than to investigate for them- 
 selves when in the city, and they will find that 
 all transactions with the firm will result in 
 satisfaction, profit, and marked advantages 
 difficult to procure elsewhere. 
 
 M. J. EVERETT, 
 
 Wholesale and Commission Dealer in 
 Flour, Feed and General Produce, 
 11 Liberty Street. 
 
 The demands of a city such as Utica for 
 staple agricultural products such as flour, feed, 
 grain, produce, &c., are naturally considerable, 
 and when are added the wants of her con- 
 tiguous and dependent territory, some idea 
 may be formed of the large quantities of these 
 goods which are handled by her wholesale mer- 
 chants. As the population increases so does 
 the demand, and to meet this has been estab- 
 lished within the past decade, a number of 
 houses of considerable importance. Of such, 
 that of Mr. M. J. Everett may be regarded as 
 not one of the least noticable. It was estab- 
 lished in 1877, and has since succeeded in 
 making a prominent position in the trade. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 77 
 
 The premises used for the transaction of the 
 business consists of a building 90x30 feet in 
 dimensions, and comprising four floors and 
 basement, where a large stock of specialties 
 are carried. The concern operates mainly in 
 flour, feed, butter, cheese and eggs. Most of 
 the feed is procured from first hands at St. 
 Louis and other places, and the produce direct 
 from the farmer, thus obviating all unneces- 
 sary expense. 
 
 Mr. Everett is prepared to make advances 
 on consignments of produce, should this be 
 required. Giving his personal and full atten- 
 tion to all commissions, consignors may with 
 confidence entrust their business to his care. 
 
 Mr. Everett is a native of Hei'kimer county, 
 and has been a resident of Utica for thirteen 
 years, and may be relied on as a gentleman of 
 thoroughly well balanced business principles. 
 He has for many years been concerned in the 
 farming and grain interests, and is therefore 
 in every way suited to his present occupation. 
 Our readers may therefore be assured that all 
 transactions with him can only result in con- 
 nections pleasant, profitable and permanent. 
 
 W. H. KAVANAGH, 
 
 Plumber, Steam and Gas Fitter, and 
 Dealer in Gas Fixtukes, Lamps, Etc., 
 208 Genesee Street. 
 
 When it is known that the citizens of ancient 
 Rome paid great attention to the ventilation 
 and drainage of their houses, it should not be 
 said that the boasted civilization of the nine- 
 teenth century is less careful of sanitary laws. 
 Certainly there is no excuse for omitting san- 
 itary precautions now-a-days, as may be readily 
 seen by an inspection of the many scientific 
 and improved devices for plumbing and venti- 
 lation of buildings that may be found at the 
 establishment of Mr. W. H. Kavanagh, at his 
 new premises, No. 208 Genesee street. 
 
 Mr. Kavanagh deals in all kinds of plumbers' 
 materials, gas fittings and fixtures, steam ap- 
 jjaratus, lamps, etc., and also does a general 
 jobbing and contracting business in plumbing, 
 steam and gas fitting. Only faithful and com- 
 petent mechanics ai-e employed, and all opera- 
 tions are conducted under the immediate and 
 practical supervision of the proprietor. About 
 sixteen men are given employment in connec- 
 tion with the business. 
 
 Everything necessary for the largest con- 
 tracts are supplied by the house at moderate 
 
 prices, and no work is permitted to be done 
 that may not be considered first rate in every 
 respect. 
 
 The trade of the house includes this city and 
 a radius of a hundred miles around, and many 
 of the finest residences and buildings therein 
 located have been fitted with sanitary appli- 
 ances of steam and gas apparatus, under the 
 direction of its proprietor. 
 
 Mr. Kavanagh is a native of Ireland, 
 but has been in Utica for thirty years. He is 
 a gentleman well known and respected by all 
 with whom he is brought in contact. 
 
 In conclusion we will remark that this house 
 is in every way a representative one in its line 
 of business; and those establishing relations 
 with it will secure the greatest satisfaction in 
 the thoroughly good manner in which all work 
 will be accomplished. 
 
 REYNOLDS BROTHERS, 
 
 Manufacturers of Ladies' Fine Shoes, 
 CORNER John and Catharine Streets. 
 
 The magnitude of many of the manufactur- 
 ing enterprises which are conducted in Utica, 
 is an evidence of superior business ability on 
 the part of their managers, and also proof of 
 the claim that in many respects this city pos- 
 sesses advantages of location and shipping 
 facilities, and also a convenient point for pro- 
 curing the raw material, as well as there being 
 an abundant supply of labor at moderate rate 
 of wages. These claims are worthy the atten- 
 tion of capitalists who are seeking favorable 
 locations for manufacturing purposes of any 
 I kind. The object of this work is to show the 
 advantages of this city and county, and to 
 publish abroad what has already been accom- 
 plished in this respect. 
 
 The boot and shoe business has long been 
 one of the leading industries of Utica, and her 
 products in this line are known in all sections 
 of the country. In quality, style and finish 
 Utica shoes enjoy an enviable reputation with 
 the trade, a reputation which has been well 
 merited, and is maintained with the most 
 scrupulous care. 
 
 The largest and most important enterprise 
 in this line is that conducted under the style 
 of Reynolds Bros., which was first instituted 
 July 1st, 1865. The premises utilized consist 
 of a brick building of five floors, of about 100 
 feet square in dimensions. They are provided 
 with steam power, and the best and latest im- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 78 
 
 proveraents in machinery, and throughout the ^ 
 entire establishment a degree of system and i 
 order prevails which explains in a great 
 measure the success of the operations. The 
 goods turned out consist only of ladies', misses 
 and children's fine shoes, which are manufac- 
 tured of best quality, and all improvements 
 either in regard to machinery, or what would 
 be calculated to improve the apppcarance and 
 quality of the product are at all times adopted 
 by the firm. 
 
 The trade of the house embraces the whole 
 of the United States, and a number of commer- 
 cial travelers represent its interests through- 
 out the Union. 
 
 The house gives employment to about five 
 hundred and sixty skilled operatives, which at 
 once is an indication of the enormous extent 
 of its transactions. Such an establishment 
 may be truly said to be a boon to any city 
 where it exists by the good it performs in the 
 disbursement of vast sums yearly as wages, 
 and which operate to the general weal of the 
 community. 
 
 The sole member of the firm at the present 
 time is Mr. Geo. A. Reynolds, who is a native 
 of this city, and a gentleman of well-known 
 and merited popularity. A great deal has been 
 done by him both socially and publicly to ad- 
 vance "the attractions and advantages of this 
 city. We will not, however, indulge in further 
 commendation however merited, but will only 
 remark that the house, by its commanding po- 
 sition in the trade is fully entitled to honorable 
 mention from us, and as a large employer of 
 capital and labor is a valuable acquisition to 
 the city of Utica. 
 
 WM. E. HENRY, 
 
 Manufacturer of Tinware and Dealer 
 IN Metals, Tin Plate, Rags, Etc., 222 
 AND 224 Court Street. 
 
 It would not become us to omit mention of 
 the enterprise conducted by Mr. Wm E. 
 Henry, which, in both departments of the 
 business, is an important adjunct to the com- 
 mercial resources of the district. 
 
 This house was established in the year 1860, 
 and has since developed its operations, step by 
 step, until it has reached the important position 
 it now fills. 
 
 The premises consist of eight or ten build- 
 ings located as above, and occupying a space 
 
 of about 200x120 feet in extent. Here is stored, 
 ready for sale, all descriptions of old and new 
 metals, tin plate, tinners' supplies, paper stock 
 and wrapping paper, japanned ware, wooden 
 ware, sheet and bar iron, copper, lead and lead 
 pipe, pumps and sinks, and, in fact, innumer- 
 able articles too numerous to mention. Suffice 
 it for us to say, that everything in the metal 
 and tinware line is kept on hand at this estab- 
 lishment. 
 
 In addition to the above, Mr. Henry buys 
 old metals and rags in any quantities, and is 
 ready to buy for cash at all times, at full value. 
 
 Mr. Henry is a native of Manchester, Eng- 
 land, but has been a resident of this city for 
 forty-two years. He is well known to the 
 whole community as a gentleman of unim- 
 peachable integrity, and in every way a public 
 spirited and useful citizen. He for two years 
 filled the office of Alderman of the Ninth 
 Ward. In his business he is a thoroughly 
 practical man and possesses the most complete 
 knowledge of every detail of the trade, and 
 can, in every way, be relied on for prompt- 
 ness, fair dealing and enterprise. "We are as- 
 sured that those needing this class of goods will 
 find advantages here difficult to be elsewhere 
 duplicated, and also that his facilities for at 
 once removing old stocks of metal and rags 
 are unrivalled. We can conscientiously com- 
 mend this gentleman to the consideration of 
 our readers, assured, as we are, that all trans- 
 actions with him will be pleasant, profitable and 
 permanent, and in every way to the advantage 
 of all having dealings with him. 
 
 BENJ. P. RAY, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Drugs, 22 and 24 
 Genesee Street. 
 
 The drug store at the corner of Genesee and 
 Whitesboro streets has been a landmark to 
 the citizens of Utica since the year 1791, when 
 it was first instituted. Mr.' Ray, its present 
 proprietor, has long been identified with it, he 
 having been concerned in its business since 
 the year 1885, first as clerk and then as pro- 
 prietor. This, in the present day, is a remark- 
 able record — nearly a half century in the same 
 store and same business. 
 
 The premises, as now constituted, comprise 
 basement, store and three floors above; also 
 two stories fronting on Division street. Here 
 may be found, both for the wholesale and re- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 tail trade, a full line of drugs and medicines 
 of all descriptions, and of the best quality. A 
 prescription trade is also done and the greatest 
 care is exercised by the proprietor in the com- 
 pounding of medicines. 
 
 A specialty of the concern is the "American 
 Segestor," which is probably the best disinfec- 
 tant in the market. It is odorless and colorless 
 and for undertakers is especially valuable. It 
 removes discoloration in two or three hours 
 and produces a life-like appearance of the body, 
 besides totally nullifying all offensive odors 
 arising from the dead. It also is valuable 
 in the sick i-oom and prevents infection from 
 contagious diseases. Altogether there can be 
 no doubt of the value of the American Seges- 
 tor which is prepared only by Mr. Ray. 
 
 Mr. Ray is a native of this city, where he is 
 as well known and respected as any citizen re- 
 siding in it. His long experience is the best 
 guarantee of his perfect knowledge of all de- 
 tails of his business, and we are assured that 
 all dealing with him will find him a courteous, 
 enterprising and upright gentleman, with 
 wliom to establish pleasant, profitable and 
 permanent business relations. 
 
 LORD & LATIMER, 
 
 Manufacturers op Parlor Furniture, 
 9 Liberty Street. Factory Canal 
 Street. 
 
 The last twenty years have added more to the 
 beauty, taste and comfort of humanity than 
 the two centuries which preceded them, and 
 in nothing is this more noticeable than in the 
 manufacture of parlor furniture, easy chairs, 
 lounges, students' rocking chairs, and similar 
 conveniences of the house. 
 
 Concerned in this branch of industry in this 
 city we find the house of Lord & Latimer, 
 whose office and storerooms are located on Lib- 
 erty street. The premises consist of four floors 
 at this address, and two additional floors at 
 the corner of Liberty and Hotel streets. The 
 constructive departments are located on Canal 
 street, where a force of from thirty-five to forty 
 hands are employed, with the aid of steam 
 power, and all the latest and best appliances in 
 manufacturing the finest class of parlor furni- 
 ture, including all kinds of upholstered goods. 
 Every care is taken that the products of the 
 house shall be first class in every particular, 
 both as regards finish, material and work- 
 manship. 
 
 The concern was originally established eight 
 years ago, and eighteen months later was re- 
 moved to New York. After an experience 
 there of five years the firm came to the con- 
 clusion that the facilities possessed by this 
 city as a base of manufacture were in every 
 way superior to those of the metropolis. In 
 the first place labor here is cheaper; neither is 
 it hampered by the dilficulties always peculiar 
 to large cities, of conflicts between employers 
 and employed. This section of the country 
 has always been known for the cordial rela- 
 tions existing between capital and labor, and 
 thus dealers can always be assured that orders 
 will be promptly filled in all cases. The spe- 
 cialty of the house is the celebrated " Lord 
 Rocker" which has an enormous sale through- 
 out the country, and which is the best plat- 
 form rocker made. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. H. M. Lord and W. E. Lq,timer, both 
 gentlemen possessing a complete and practical 
 knowledge of their business, and who exercise 
 their personal supervision over the entire en- 
 terprise, affording thus a guarantee that no 
 goods shall leave the establishment otherwise 
 than in perfect condition. The goods manu- 
 factured by the concern go to all States of the 
 Union, where their superior construction and 
 finish have succeeded in establishing for them 
 an enviable reputation. 
 
 Liberality and a system of fair dealing have 
 ever characterized the transactions of this 
 firm, and the success which has attended it 
 has been as well earned as it is richly merited. 
 
Wagon Bolster Springs. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 81 
 
 J. M, CHILDS & CO., 
 
 Manupactukers and Dealers in Agri- 
 cultural Implements, 12, 14, 16 and 18 
 Fayette Street. 
 
 In disclosing the advantages that pertain to 
 Utica in the great channels of commerce, we 
 cannot ignore the claims to prominence of J. 
 M. Childs & Co., who, in the manufacture and 
 sale of agricultural hardware, implements, ma- 
 chines, wooden ware, &c., are entitled to more 
 than ordinary consideration, not only from the 
 fact of theirs being one of the largest enter- 
 prises of the kind in the country, but from its 
 magnitude and reputation. 
 
 The house wab founded in the year 1870, and 
 has always been known under its present style. 
 The premises consist of the entire building at 
 address indicated, of the dimensions of about 
 10,000 square feet, superficial area, affording 
 ample accommodations for the basis of a trade 
 which embraces not only this locality, but 
 ranges over this and the New England States. 
 
 The stock of agricultural and horticultural 
 implements and tools for sale here comprises 
 the most improved, and those best adapted to 
 the use of the farmer and gardener, all of 
 which are fully warranted. The firm holds 
 controlling interest in a number of patented 
 agricultural tools worthy of note, among which 
 we notice, as particularly conspicuous, the 
 "Oliver" chilled plow, the "Tiger" wheel horse 
 
 rake, the "Buckeye" mowing machine, the 
 "Peri-y" spring tooth harrow, — the popularity 
 of all of which renders it idle for us to enter 
 upon any arguments on their merits. These 
 are but a few of the improved agricidtural im- 
 plements on sale at this establishment. Here 
 also may be found ice tools, grindstones, staple 
 wooden ware and pumps; also, a full line of 
 farm wagons, spring wagons, carriages, bug- 
 gies, village carts, &c. In fact, there can be 
 no doubt that the farmer can procure from 
 this firm every description of implement or 
 appliance needed by him on his farm. 
 
 Messrs. J. M. Childs & 
 Co., by virtue of their in- 
 terests in the improved 
 tools they handle, are en- 
 abled to have the cost of 
 manufacture considera- 
 bly lessened. This, coup- 
 led with the extensive 
 character of their opera- 
 tions and their well- 
 known reputation for fair 
 dealing, enables them to 
 compete with any con- 
 temporary house in the 
 country. Some idea of 
 the magnitude of their 
 trade may be realized in 
 the fact that their yearly 
 sales are about a half 
 million dollars. 
 
 The individual mem- 
 bers of the concern are 
 Messrs. J. M. and Chas. 
 H. Childs. These gentle- 
 men are so well and wide- 
 ly known, that personal 
 comment at our hands 
 would be superfluous. Of 
 the house, however, we 
 may say that, during its 
 existence, it has always 
 maintained a reputation 
 which has ranked it 
 among the best in this 
 part of the country, and 
 warrants saying to our readers interested, 
 that they will confer a favor on themselves by 
 consulting J. M. Childs & Co., with reference 
 to their wants in this direction, before placing 
 their orders elsewliere. 
 
 Circulars and price lists relating to all goods 
 handled by this house, will be forwarded on 
 application. 
 
 I 
 
 Backeye Force Pump 
 
82 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 prp:d a. cassidy, 
 
 Undertaker, 41 Genesee Street. 
 
 The undertaking establislimeiit of Mr. Fred 
 A. Cassidy, is entitled to prominent recognition 
 n this work, not only as being a leading one 
 in Central New York, but also because of the 
 practical and scientific knowledge of its pro- 
 prietor and the constant efforts which are be- 
 ing made by him to still further advance every- 
 thing which may be connected with his profes- 
 sion. 
 
 The business was first established by Mr. 
 Ferine, over forty years ago, and it became 
 known by the title of Van Ness & Douglass in 
 1847. In 1870, Mr. Douglass assumed the bus- 
 iness alone, and finally, in 1880, the present 
 proprietor assumed the direction of its affairs, 
 although he had for some years previously been 
 concerned in its management, and, to a large 
 extent, was due to him even at that time the 
 success of the business. The premises occupied 
 by Mr. Cassidy comprise the entire building 
 at the address indicated, which consists of 
 four floors, the upper ones utilized for show 
 rooms and the ground floor as a reception | 
 room and for the celebration of funerals as re- [ 
 quired. The work-shops are located in the 
 rear and the whole constitutes one of the com- 
 pletest establishments of the kind in the State. 
 
 Mr. Cassidy assumes the conduct of funerals 
 in their entirety, even to the procuring of lots, 
 should that be required. All work is first-class 
 in every particular, and his patronage is de- 
 rived from the best classes of the community 
 of this city and out of town. 
 
 We should wish to mention that in the mat- 
 ter of embalming, that probably in the whole 
 country there is no one who has devoted such 
 time and care to perfect himself in everything 
 that would be calculated to preserve from de- 
 cay the bodies of our dead friends, as the pro- 
 prietor of this establishment; and his efforts 
 in this direction have been crowned with sig- 
 nal success, and many of his ideas and im- 
 provements have been adopted all over the 
 country. Bodies have been sent from here to 
 Europe and have, during a space of from 
 twenty-five days to a month, been entirely pre- 
 served from decay. No ice is used, but fluids, 
 compounded on purely scientific principles, 
 have served to completely accomplish the 
 desired results. Mr. Cassidy is a native of 
 this city, and was born in the year 1851. Al- 
 though but a young man, he has achieved a 
 
 steadfast reputation in all connected with his- 
 profession, and is respected by the community 
 at home. 
 
 Thus the influence exercised by this house 
 in the interests of good taste in all matters re- 
 lating to the burial of the dead, has been of 
 the most salutary and iiseful character, and 
 the prompt and efficient manner in which all 
 services of this character have been rendered 
 has been the chief corner-stone upon which 
 has been erected its present success, prosperity 
 and high standing, throughout this section of 
 Central New York. 
 
 D. W. NORTH RUP & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers OF Scotch Caps, 50 anD' 
 52 Lib RUT Y Street. 
 
 Probably no article of attire worn at the 
 present day is of as ancient origin as that 
 which is generally known as the Scotch cap. 
 It has been worn in the highlands of Scotland 
 for centuries and is still the national head cov- 
 ering there, but it has been adopted among 
 what may be called the more polite world, and 
 it is one of the- articles of dress which seems 
 destined to keep its place among us for an 
 illimitable period. 
 
 In this city the firm of D. W, Northrup & 
 Co. are the original manufacturers of Scotch 
 caps in this country and hold patents covering 
 their goods, and have manufactured them for 
 about eighteen years, although Mr. Northrup 
 was a jobber and dealer in caps since the year 
 1858. The premises occupied by the firm com. 
 prise a building of four stories, which is fitted 
 up with all the necessary appliances suitable to 
 the business. About eighty operatives are 
 given employment in connection with the en- 
 terprise. 
 
 Mr. Nortlirup has been a resident of this city 
 for aboiat thirty years, and of course needs no 
 personal commendation at our hands. We 
 will remark, however, that he is the sole pro- 
 prietor of the business, and by virtue of his 
 life-long experience, is eminently calculated 
 to successfully conduct it to the satisfaction of 
 his customers and his own advantage. The 
 goods produced are fully equal, and perhaps 
 even superior, both in quality of fabric and 
 in workmanship with those imported from 
 Scotland, and the prices will in all cases favor- 
 ably compare. This is brought about, to a 
 great extent, owing to the comparatively low 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 83 
 
 prices and abundant supply of necessarylhelp 
 incident to this section of Central New York, 
 and also to the energy, fore-thought and gen- 
 eral economy, with which the enterprise is 
 conducted. The goods manufactured by this 
 concern are sold all over the United States, 
 and we can assure the trade that it will in 
 every way be to their interests to open and 
 continue relations of business with the 
 of D. W. Northrup & Co. 
 
 ONEIDA BREWERY, 
 
 Ale and Lager Brewers, cor. op Court 
 AND State Streets. 
 
 Though the manufacture of beer began at 
 a, date which is almost lost in antiquity, Eng- 
 land is probably the country in which it was 
 first made, but both history and tradition in- 
 dicate that the huge casks of beer which the 
 feudal barons were in the habit of supplying 
 so liberally to their sturdy yeomanry was far 
 from being the healthy, sparkling liquor with 
 which we are familiar. Beer, however, began 
 to rise in the estimation of the people, and has 
 ever since increased in public favor. In this 
 country it is now beyond doubt the national 
 beverage, and is one of the greatest industries 
 of the United States, and is conducted gener- 
 ally by men of large capital and undoubted 
 ■enterprise. 
 
 The Oneida Brewery is one of the most 
 prominent establishments in Utica, and the 
 only one in the city where the brewing of ale 
 and lager is conjointly carried on, and which 
 does its own malting. The business was 
 originally established in 1833, by Mr. Van 
 Size. It then fell into the hands of Stephen 
 Thorn, who later, in 1844, was associated as 
 partner with Geo. Ralph, Sen. In 1859 the 
 concern was known as Francis Midlara & Co., 
 and in 1862 the brewery was destroyed by fire. 
 It was reconstructed in 1864, and was carried 
 on under the title of Ralph, Midlam & Co., 
 until 1872, when it finally assumed the style 
 of Geo. Ralph, Jr. & Co., as it is now con 
 stituted. 
 
 The premises are situated as above, and are 
 of an extensive character, and are of the di- 
 mensions of 261x240 feet. The brewery and 
 malt houses are fitted with the latest and most 
 improved machinery known to the brewers, 
 which are driven by a steam engine of lO-horse 
 power. The ale and lager made here is of the 
 
 best quality, and the whole is under the su- 
 pervision of a competent foreman and scien- 
 tific brewer. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. Geo. 
 Ralph, Jr., G. F. Ralph and Henry J. Ralph. 
 These gentlemen are so well known that all 
 comment from us is unnecessary. Sufficient 
 is it for us to say that the business is conduct- 
 ed on those principles of commercial honor 
 without which no permanent prosperity is to 
 be achieved, and all transactions with the 
 Oneida Brewery will at all times be found 
 satisfactory. 
 
 F. W. BATES, 
 
 Manufacturer op Fine Carriages, 1-^ 
 Devereux Street. 
 
 Among the varied interests of tliis city we 
 must not fail to mention that of the above 
 concern, whose business is devoted to the man- 
 ufacture and sale of fine light carriages, of 
 superior character and workmanship. 
 
 The house was originally conducted for 
 many years by Mr. J. W. Bates, who died 
 within the past year, and it is now carried on 
 by Mr. F.' W. Bates. The premises utilized 
 comprise the building of four floors, of the 
 dimensions of 100x75 feet, at the address as 
 above designated, and is, of course, provided 
 with all necessary tools and appliances. 
 
 The carriages manufactured by the house are 
 made from the best materials and with the 
 greatest care, and they may be depended on as 
 handsome, serviceable, and in every way de- 
 sirable. Mr. Bates, by virtue of his long 
 experience while with his father, is in every 
 way competent for his business, and being a 
 thoroughly practical man, can assure the supe- 
 riority of his products. 
 
 About eight workmen are employed in con- 
 nection with the business, which extends 
 throughout Central New York. Besides man- 
 ufacturing carriages, Mr. Bates also deals in 
 other work of the best makers. 
 
 Mr. Bates is a native of this city, and is 
 well known to the citizens of this city and 
 vicinity. All transactions with him will be to 
 the satisfaction of those dealing with him; 
 and we are assured that those desiring this class 
 of goods, can do no better than by ordering of 
 the well known and old established house of 
 P. W. Bates, of this city. 
 
84 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 CHAS. MILLAR & SON, 
 
 Manufacturers of Cheese Factory and 
 Creamery Apparatus, and Jobbers in 
 Tinware and Plumbers' Supplies, 127 
 AND 129 Genesee Street. 
 
 In a work on the mechanical and commer- 
 cial industries which centre in and about 
 Utica, we are called upon to make more than 
 passing mention of the above firm's enter- 
 prize, both on account of the utility of the 
 articles manufactured and handled and also 
 because of its promotion of the industrial 
 thrift of the community in finding employ- 
 ment for nearly forty operators. 
 
 The business was established in the year 
 1848, as Wm. France & Co., and in 1861, it 
 was conducted by Mr. Charles Millar; and 
 still later, in 1866, it became finally known as 
 Charles Millar & Son. 
 
 The premises comprise store and basement 
 and three floors above of the dimensions of 
 130x45 feet. The plant is located in the base- 
 ment and upper floors, and consists of the 
 latest and best appliances suitable to the en- 
 terprise and driven by an engine and boiler of 
 10-horse power. 
 
 Besides dealing in a very full line of tinware, 
 and plumbers' supplies, the house manufacture 
 everything that could possibly be required in 
 connection with cheese and butter making. 
 "We will mention some of the more notable of 
 their products, such as Millar's circulating coil 
 cheese vats ; Millar's sensible cheese bandage ; 
 Millar's improved cheese press screw ; and also, 
 the Little Samson steam engine, suitable for 
 cheese factories and creameries. This latter is 
 truly a wonderful little machine and is con- 
 structed on the most scientific principles, and 
 is entirely new in design and construction. 
 The price of this useful appliance is very low 
 and it would soon pay for itself in the in- 
 creased advantages it confers of those using it. 
 
 The firm are also special agents for the 
 Gutta Percha Rubber Machine Co., P. Jewells 
 & Sons' leather belting, and Nathan & Drey- 
 fus' injectors and lubricators. 
 
 The individual members of the concern are 
 Messrs. Charles and Henry W. Millar; the first 
 named a native of England, and the latter, of 
 this city. Both are gentlemen well known and 
 respected in the community and needing from 
 us no further personal comment. 
 
 In concluding we must say that in this 
 necessary brief sketch we have been unable to 
 begin to do justice to the products of the 
 
 We can however, faithfully assure 
 those connected both with the cheese and but- 
 ter manufacture, as well as plumbers and tin- 
 men, that they will in every way find their 
 interests served by a correspondence with this 
 house, who will at all times send circulars and 
 all information needed, and investigation will 
 demonstrate that all transactions with Messrs. 
 Charles Millar & Son will result in business 
 connections in every way satisfactory. 
 
 JNO. 0. JONES & SONS, 
 
 Dealers in Staple and Fancy Grocer- 
 ies, 226 Genesee Street, 105 Washing- 
 ton Street, and 86 Charlotte Street. 
 
 Among the commercial enterprises of Utica 
 no establishment has greater prestige than 
 the extensive grocery house of Jno. 0. Jones 
 & Sons. In fact there are few retail houses in 
 Central New York so long established and so 
 widely known as this one. Their field ranges 
 through the trade radius of the city and vicin- 
 ity, and their goods are supplied to the better 
 class of families in the community. Such a bus- 
 iness could not, it is obvious, have been built up 
 in a day, but is the result of careful industry, 
 a thorough knowledge of the wants of the 
 market, enterprise in procuring supplies at the 
 fountain head, and handling them on small 
 margins, and energy to persevere during the 
 forty-four years of its existence in maintaining 
 a high standard of output, strict integrity and 
 fair dealing. 
 
 The premises occupied by the firm are its 
 own property and are in every way commodious 
 and well adapted to the business. It com- 
 prises five fioors, each 110x25 feet in dimen- 
 sions, and here is carried a stock of fine gro- 
 ceries, teas, coffees, spices, country produce, 
 early vegetables, fruits, domestic and imported, 
 canned goods, and, in fact, everything that 
 goes to make up a complete stock, equal in 
 variety to first-class establishments in metro- 
 politan cities. 
 
 A specialty of the house is a fine assortment 
 of domestic and foreign cigars of the finest 
 brands, and in which a large box trade is 
 transacted. The firm have also recently laid 
 in a stock of fine domestic and foreign wines 
 and liquors for family trade. The individual 
 members of the firm are Messrs. Jno. O. Jones, 
 J. H. Jones, Millard F. Jones, G. W. Jones, and 
 Henry W. Jones. Mr. Jno, 0. Jones, the senior 
 partner, is a native of Caermarthenshire, 
 Wales, but has been a resident of this city for 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 SO' 
 
 sixty years. The other members, who are his 
 sons, were all born in Utica. These gentlemen 
 are all too well known here to need any personal 
 remarks from our pen. Suffice for us to say, 
 that possessing a life-long experience in the 
 business, they are in every way eminently cal- 
 culated for its successful prosecution. 
 
 The firm have a branch establishment lo- 
 cated at 86 Charlotte street, for the conven- 
 ience of their patrons residing in that locality. 
 In connection with the business twelve assist- 
 ants are given employment, besides a number 
 of horses and wagons. 
 
 In conclusion, we will add that the long and 
 well established reputation achieved by this 
 house, as well as the energy and enterprise 
 displayed in its conduct, clearly indicates that 
 it is in every way able to meet all legitimate 
 demands that may be made upon it. 
 
 J. S. & M. PECKHAM, 
 
 Manufacturers of Stoves and Cultivator 
 Teeth, Catharine Street. 
 
 It is beyond question, that in no country 
 have stoves and cooking ranges been brought 
 to such a high state of perfection as in our own, 
 and in Utica we have one of the largest es- 
 tablishments of the kind, aiding in no small 
 degree the interests and development of the 
 city, by its giving employment to a large num- 
 ber of skilled artisans. 
 
 This concern was originally established in 
 the year 1837 by J. S. Peckham, and nine 
 years later it became known by its present 
 title ; since that period it has steadily increased 
 its operations, and the reputation of its pro- 
 duets has long been firmly established through- 
 out the country. 
 
 The offices and salesrooms of the firm are 
 located at the above address, and comprise a 
 two story building with fifty feet fronting on 
 Catharine street, and extending back to the 
 Erie canal. The constructive departments are 
 located at the corner of Third and Broad 
 streets, and are supplied with a plant embrace- 
 ing all the best and improved appliances, 
 driven by an engine of 30-horse power. About 
 one-hundred and fifty operatives are given 
 employment in turning out large quantities of 
 stoves, cultivator teeth, ranges, &c., of the 
 best construction, newest patterns, and best 
 available for their several purposes. Every 
 care is taken that the goods emanating from 
 this establishment, shall be perfect in every 
 particular. 
 
 The trade of the^house extends all over the 
 United States, and four to six commercial 
 travelers represent its interest abroad. The 
 individual members of the concern, are, 
 Messrs. Merritt Peckham and S. Townsend 
 Peckham, both residents of Utica, and gentle- 
 men who have been long identified with the 
 interests of this city. 
 
 The standing of the house in this commu- 
 nity is such that we may not presume to add 
 any commendation. Suffice it for us to say 
 that its large operations, and unblemished 
 character, renders it one of the valuable ac- 
 quisitions of the county of Oneida. 
 
 THE HOUSEHOLD ART ROOMS, 
 Interior Decoration, 173 Genesee Street. 
 
 It is a marked feature in the growth and de- 
 velopment of every community, that as wealth, 
 education and refinement increase, so also- 
 in keeping with its progress in this direction, 
 springs a demand for those objects of art and 
 decoration which tend to embellish and beautify 
 our homes. This reflection may be said to be 
 particularly true with regard to Utica, the 
 citizens of which have long been known for 
 their appreciation and patronage of any under- 
 taking that would tend to promote and 
 elevate the tastes of the people. 
 
 In connection with these remarks the atten- 
 tion of our readers is directed to the House- 
 hold Art Rooms, located as above. It was 
 founded about two years ago, and has since 
 succeeded in establishing itself on a firm 
 basis as one of the institutions of Utica. 
 Everything in the way of artistic embellish- 
 ment of our interiors is for sale here, such as 
 bronzes, English wall papers, embroideries and 
 objects d'art of all kinds. In connection with 
 the establishment are classes for art studies, 
 which are as follows : painting, modelling in 
 clay, wood carving and embroidery, by ladies 
 and gentlemen in every way highly quali- 
 fied as instructors in their various departments. 
 
 We would like to mention, in connection 
 with the wall paper department of the busi- 
 ness, that the proprietors are direct importers 
 of English papers, and are entirely independent 
 of the "pool." English wall papers have 
 long been celebrated for their superior artistic 
 design and finish, and are produced at prices 
 that will favorably compare with any. 
 
 The gentlemen at the head of the enterprise 
 are Mr. J. L. Earll and G. Edward Cooper ; 
 the management is vested in the hands of Mr. 
 
86 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 F. H. Latimore. The names of the gentlemen 
 offer one of the best guarantees of the high 
 character of the undertaking. 
 
 The patronage is derived not only from this 
 city, but from the surrounding country, and 
 the Household Art Rooms are acquiring a 
 well merited reputation throughout this sec- 
 tion. There can be no doubt of its being a 
 valuable acquisition to the city of Utica, and 
 the gentlemen who are concerned in the man- 
 agement merit tlie thanks of the community 
 for their enterprise displayed in its establish- 
 ment. 
 
 R G. DUN & CO., 
 
 The Mercantile Agency, Office 22 Ar- 
 cade. 
 
 Tiiere is no subject of greater importance to 
 the business community than a perfected sys- 
 tem for the protection of trade by means of a 
 thorough method of investigation into the 
 merits of parties to a contract. In the inter- 
 ests of justice giving to the business commu- 
 nity protection from fraud and the opportunity 
 for a thorough knowledge of the condition of 
 those whom business brings together, the 
 more thorough the system the greater the pro- 
 tection, and the more extended the territory 
 embraced the greater the number benefited. 
 
 In the front rank among the few organiza- 
 tions instituted with this object in view, stands 
 the Mercantile Agency of Messrs. R. G. Dun 
 & Co., which was established in New York in 
 1841, and is therefore the oldest concern of 
 the kind in the country. This firm have 
 branch offices in all the principal cities of the 
 United States and Canada, as well as a large 
 and efficient European correspondence. In 
 this city the office is conducted under the man- 
 agement of Mr, A. D, Fero, a gentleman of 
 experience in the business, and well known to 
 the manufacturers and merchants of this 
 section. 
 
 During his incumbency, which commenced 
 in March, 1882, the business has shown such a 
 degree of usefulness and efficiency as to cause 
 the agency to have a largely increased patron- 
 age and to place it before the business commu- 
 nity as one of the steadfast institutions of the 
 city. 
 
 One of the great secrets of the success earned 
 by this concern is the thorough and systematic 
 way in which their reports are compiled. 
 Each office sends out its traveling reporters 
 
 over its entire district, at least twice each year; 
 these men, who are trained to the business, visit 
 every cross-road, town and county seat in the 
 country, and ascertain on the ground by per- 
 sonal examination the status and condition of 
 trades. This systematic work entails large 
 outlays, but it is found to be the only true 
 way to do a business upon which so much de- 
 pends upon reliability and thoroughness of the 
 information furnished. 
 
 It is gratifying to learn that the business at 
 this point is patronized by nearly every banker, 
 manufacturer and merchant in the city and 
 country, and it certainly invites the support 
 of those who transact a business wherein credit 
 is given and obtained. 
 
 CHRISTIAN WEISS & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers and Dealers in Furni- 
 ture, AND Undertakers, 126 Fayette 
 Street. 
 
 For many years the house of Christian Weiss 
 has been well and favorably known in Utica 
 as a leading one in its line of trade, and the 
 products of the establishment have been con- 
 considered first-class in every respect, and 
 such as should be produced by skilled work- 
 men under the direction of a master hand. 
 
 The house was originally founded by the 
 senior member of the present firm about 
 twenty-seven years ago, and has only been 
 known by its present title during the current 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 87 
 
 year. The premises occupied for the business 
 consist of salesroom and workshops covering 
 three floors, of the dimensions of 100x35 feet 
 each. About ten operatives are employed in 
 connection with the establishment. 
 
 The concern manufacture and deal in all 
 kinds of fine furniture, and are prepared ar all 
 times either to supply their patrons from their 
 stock or to manufacture to order. The members 
 of the coi'cern are Messrs. Christian Weiss and 
 John Reither, both residents of this city, and 
 gentlemen who,by their complete and practical 
 knowledge of their business, are able in every 
 way to offer the best guarantees that all work 
 emanating from their establishment shall be 
 perfect in every particular. ' 
 
 The reputation of the house for reliability 
 and fair dealing is as well known as it is justly 
 merited, and our readers should examine these 
 goods before entering on other arrangements, 
 and they may rest assured of receiving such 
 treatment as shall make business relations 
 once entered into with the house both pleasant 
 and permanently profitable. 
 
 DAVID J. H. DAVIES, 
 Steam Laundry, 6 Bleecker Street. 
 
 Of those branches of industry connected 
 with the cleansing and renovating of our daily 
 attire, attention is due to that of the above 
 gentleman, which was first established in Feb- 
 ruary, 1882. The premises now utilized consist 
 of two fl.oors, of the dimensions of 50x20 feet, 
 where every appliance of the latest and best 
 character is employed in doing the work of a 
 first-class laundry. Every care is taken that 
 the work shall be executed in a first-class man- 
 ner, and the personal and practical supervision 
 of the proprietor overlooks the whole. 
 
 
 *>-< 
 
 ^ 
 
 D.J.H.DA\/IES; '.us APRILS I87J 7 
 
 B STEAM i°\^:z^^:;ii 
 
 
 Bij^s^s^sssssssasssm^m 
 
 Among the various improved arrangements 
 utilized, we call attention to the improved 
 washer invented, owned and patented, by Mr. 
 Davies, and which is warranted to clean clothes 
 in the best manner, without in the slightest 
 degree tearing or injuring them. These prop- 
 
 erties have led to a large demand for these 
 machines, and Mr. Davies has sold vast quan- 
 tities of them in nineteen States of the Union, 
 and also a number of them have been sent to 
 Canada. There can be but little doubt of the 
 great advantages which these machines pos- 
 sess, nor their ultimate adoption after being 
 introduced. Another invention of Mr. Davies, 
 is a combination washing and wringing ma- 
 chine, which is the first appliance of the kind 
 ever patented. 
 
 In his laundry business Mr Davies does a 
 first-class family trade, and his method of 
 operation is comprised in the terms prompt- 
 ness, cheapness, and the thorough execution of 
 all work entrusted to him, without injury. 
 He is a native of Wales, but has been a resi- 
 dent here for ten years. We can conscien- 
 tiously commend him to our readers as a 
 thorough business man in all his undertakings. 
 
 GEORGE KAMP, 
 
 Utica Pattern and Model Works, 8 Cor- 
 nelia Street. 
 
 Wherever mechanical industries have planted 
 themselves, there also the pattern-maker plies 
 his indispensable vocation contributing, by his 
 ingenuity and exactitude to success in the con- 
 struction of mechanism, lending invaluable 
 assistance to the inventor, and making the 
 work of the manufacturer more certain and 
 perfect in its results. 
 
 In this connection the house of Mr. George 
 Kamp, devoted to this branch of mechanical 
 art, is entitled to brief mention, at least, in 
 this industrial volume. The house was estab- 
 lished in 1878, by its present proprietor, who is 
 a practical and experienced man in all the de- 
 tails of the business in which he is engaged. 
 As maker of patterns for castings, machinery, 
 hot-air furnaces, &c., of all kinds and dimen- 
 sions, as well as designing and draughting 
 coniplicated machinery in sections or other- 
 wise, he has acquired an enviable reputation, 
 and is regarded as being an expert in his 
 special vocation. An extensive trade is done 
 which not only is drawn from this city and 
 vicinity, but orders are sent here from all parts 
 of the United States. 
 
 Besides the above business, Mr. Kamp man- 
 ufactures fly fishing-rods, which have an estab- 
 lished reputation for lightness, durability 
 and excellence, not to be surpassed. They are 
 constructed of six split bamboo, and orders 
 for these goods are promptly attended to and 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 result in all cases in entire satisfaction to 
 those using 'thcin. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business con- 
 sist of a shop at the above address, which is 
 equipped witli the best of wood working ma- 
 chinery, suitable to the business, and is oper- 
 ated by steam power. The house is thus fully 
 prepared with all necessary facilities to execute 
 all work in its line, not only promptly, but 
 with that intelligent apprehension of design, 
 that makes its efforts so highly appreciated. 
 
 Inventors and machinists in want of patterns, 
 as well as those who are devotees of the gentle 
 art so loved by Izack Walton, may depend 
 upon our statements being entirely within the 
 limits of veracity, and the trade in general has 
 cause for congratulation, that a house so ably 
 conducted and turning out such superior 
 products, is located in this city. 
 
 E. L.JAKEHURST, 
 
 Fine Printing, Engraving, Staple and 
 Fancy Stationery and Loan Library, 
 166 & 168 Genesee Street. 
 
 There are probably but few branches of in- 
 dustry in which so marked advances have 
 been made during recent years, than in those 
 articles which are included under the heading 
 of fancy stationery. In this city we have 
 a number of stores concerned in this branch 
 of tnade which would not disgrace the finer 
 streets of our larger cities, and among them 
 the establishment of Mr E. L. Akehurst may 
 fully claim to take a leading position. 
 
 The business was 
 first established about 
 I the year 1872, and 
 'affords an exemplifica- 
 tion of what may be 
 achieved by industry 
 and enterprise coupled 
 with principles of fair 
 dealing and integrity. 
 The premises above 
 named consist of the 
 entire building com- 
 prising four floors and basement. Here are to 
 be found in ample varietya very large stock of 
 staple and fancy stationery, cards, albums, 
 frames, juvenile books, fancy goods, and in 
 fact a numberless array of articles too nu- 
 merous to particularize. These goods are 
 selected with the greatest care, and only those 
 
 wliich are sure to give satisfaction are pur- 
 chased. 
 
 In addition to the stationery and fancy goods 
 departments, Mr. Akehurst makes a specialty 
 of wedding and i)arty invitations, and fine 
 printing. 
 
 Another important department is the loan 
 library, which includes a collection of about 
 7,000 carefully selected volumes. The newest 
 books and publications are secured as soon as 
 published, for the benefit of patrons. 
 
 Mr. Akehurst has lately opened a news de- 
 partment, where all of the New York papers and 
 current periodicals can be obtained. 
 
 Thus our reader^ will find that this establish- 
 ment is perfect of its kind, and the proprietor 
 by dint of attending strictly to business, has 
 been able to largely advance his custom, and 
 these principles carried out in the future will 
 result in still further extending his operations, 
 
 R. WINANT & CO. 
 
 Wholesale Produce and Commission Mer- 
 chants, 62 Seneca Street. 
 
 The trade in food products is undoubtedly 
 the most important of the industrieb of any 
 locality, and Utica is well represented in this re- 
 spect by a large number of responsible and 
 reliable houses devoted to this branch of 
 commerce. 
 
 Of these, not by any means the least men- 
 tionable is that of R. Winant & Co. The 
 business was but recently established, it having 
 been first instituted last year, and has already 
 achieved considerable importance in the frade. 
 The premises occupied consist of store and 
 basement 70x18 feet in dimensions, and is a 
 basis of a considerable trade in flour, grain, 
 and farmers' produce of pAI kinds, received in 
 all cases direct from the producer. The house 
 also handles goods on commission, and can 
 guarantee quick sales and speedy returns, or 
 they will make advances on consignments if 
 desired. The facilities enjoyed by the firm 
 enables them to advance, in the highest degree, 
 the interests of both producer and consumer, 
 and we commend them to each severally, as 
 one desirable with which to open business con- 
 nections. The members of the firm are both 
 natives of Herkimer county, but long residents 
 of this city. These gentlemen possess a com- 
 plete knowledge of all the details of the trade 
 and the requirements of the market, and can 
 in every way be depended on for the upright 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 89 
 
 conduct of the affairs of the concern, and 
 those entering on relations with them will 
 find all transactions pleasant, profitable and 
 permanent. 
 
 RUSSEL WHEELER, SDN & CO., 
 
 Manufactuhers op Stoves and Hot-Air 
 Furnaces, Columbia, Fayette and 
 C'ouNELTA Streets. 
 
 In this work, on the commercial and mechan- 
 ical industries which centre in Utica, more 
 than passing mention is due to the above firm, 
 both on account of its well known reputation 
 and the promotion of the city's industrial 
 thrift by its furnishing emj^loyment to a large 
 number of skilled workmen. 
 
 The house was originally founded in 1843, as 
 Bailey, Wheeler & Co. ; it has been since sub- 
 ject to various changes of style until, in 1880, 
 it was finally constitiited as Russel Wheeler, 
 Son & Co. 
 
 The premises occupied comprise buildings 
 covering nearly 100,000 square feet of surface, 
 with a frontage of about 200 feet on Fayette 
 street, and about 240 feet frontage on Columbia 
 street. Here all the latest and most improved 
 machinery is called into operation, to perfectly 
 carry on the manufacture of stoves, while a 
 100-horse power steam engine supplies the 
 motive force necessary, and employment is 
 found for from one hundred and fifty to two 
 hundred operatives. 
 
 The stoves, ranges, furnaces, &c., made by 
 this firm, are remarkable for their beauty of 
 finish, solidity of construction, simplicity of 
 arrangement, economy in the use of fuel, and 
 
 moderation in the price at which they are 
 placed upon the market. The facilities that 
 enable the firm to offer superior inducements 
 to their customers are such as are embraced in 
 their long experience and thorough knowledge 
 of the wants of the trade. That their products 
 are held in public favor may be at once infer- 
 red when we mention that their tiada extends 
 throughout the United States, and large 
 quantities of their goods are exported to Great 
 Britain and South America. 
 
 The individual members of the firm, as at 
 present constituted, are Messrs. Russel 
 Wheeler, Frank E. Wheeler, and Francis 
 Kernan, Jr. All these gentlemen are well 
 known to the community. The senior mem- 
 ber of the firm has been identified with its 
 interests from its inception, and to him and 
 Mr. Frank E. Wheeler, the large success of 
 its operations are due. 
 
 With the facilities which we have briefly 
 enumerated, the great success of the house is 
 not at all mysterious, especially when the 
 reputation for fairness and liberality in dealing 
 is taken into consideration; and as the products 
 have no superior, either in style or workman- 
 ship, dealers would conserve their own interests 
 by placing their orders with Messrs. Russel 
 Wheeler, Son & Co. before closing contracts 
 elsewhere. 
 
 THE JULES DOUX 
 
 French Dyeing and Cleaning Establish- 
 ment, 55 Bleecker Street. 
 
 In every community it is important that 
 there shall be established houses which can be 
 relied on for a thorough and conscientious 
 discharge of obligations incurred, and in no 
 branch of commerce is this more important 
 than in that which is commonly designated 
 by the name of Dye Houses. 
 
 This concern which has long been known 
 under the above title, was first established as 
 far back as 1852, and has since that time 
 earned a reputation which has been mainly 
 due to the good quality of the work done 
 
 The premises occupied for the business com- 
 prise the whole building at the address as 
 designated, and where all the best machinery 
 available is utilized in executing all kinds of 
 dyeing absolutely fast colors, such as wool, 
 woolen goods, cottons, silks, threads, &c. The 
 firm undertake to dye everything, from goods 
 of the most delicate description to the roughest 
 fabric. Only the best of work is done, and 
 
90 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 this has created a trade extending through the 
 State of New York and penetrating even to 
 Canada. 
 
 Mr. Jules Doux, Jr., is the sole proprietor 
 of the business, he having recently succeeded 
 his father. He has, however, been for many 
 years concerned in its management and may 
 be said to be a gentleman of enterprise and 
 thorough business principles. This is exem- 
 plified in the fact that ihe trade of the con- 
 cern has been doubled in extent during the 
 past year. 
 
 Our readers will thus realize the advantages 
 derived from trading with this well known 
 concern, and we can assure them that at no 
 contemporary establishment will they find 
 better terms and inducements than are offered 
 by the Jules Doux French Dyeing and Clean- 
 ing Establishment of Utica. 
 
 TAYLOR & McCALL, 
 
 Wholesale and Manufacturing Clothiers, 
 25 AND 27 John Street. 
 
 The superior advantages possessed by Utica 
 as a manufacturing and distributing point are 
 well attested by the location here of many 
 establishments whose wares find a market 
 away from home, and which could not be sue 
 cessfuUy conducted at a point where advant 
 ages, such as favorable freight rates and 
 moderate cost of labor were available. A fit- 
 ting illustration of this fact is found by the 
 success which has attended the large manu- 
 facturing clothing houses of this city, and of 
 which the house of Taylor & McCall is a 
 notable example. 
 
 The concern was established in February, 
 1882, and has already succeeded in establish- 
 ing throughout the trade of the State of New 
 York a high reputation for its products. The 
 premises utilized comprise two floors at the ad- 
 dress indicated, of the dimensions of 100x40 
 feet, and is provided with all the necessary 
 plant for manufacturing a complete line of all 
 grades of clothing. About three hundred 
 operatives are given employment in turning 
 out the goods. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. William Taylor and F. B. McCall, 
 both natives of Utica and gentlemen who by 
 their experience are in every way calculated 
 to achieve success in their operations. The 
 house, although but a young one, has already 
 obtained its full share of patronage and its 
 trade is on the increase. Its facilities for 
 
 promptly filling orders, however large, are 
 unsurpassed by any of its contemporaries, and 
 the house by virtue of the energy, enterprise 
 and liberal dealing with which its operations 
 are conducted, is in every way desirable as one 
 with which to open transactions of busines.s 
 which cannot but fail to result in relations of 
 profit advantageous to all concerned. 
 
 BRISTOL & SMITH,. 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Booksellers and 
 Stationers, 149 Genesee Street, Utica; 
 Branch at 65 East Third Street, St. 
 Paul, Minn. 
 
 While reviewing the commercial interests 
 and enterprises of Utica, we must not in any 
 manner fail to do justice to those establish- 
 ments that do so much to elevate society by 
 the dissemination of the products of the print- 
 ing press, and to provide for their use snch 
 aids and refinement and education as may be 
 required. We have reference to ' the well 
 known house of Bristol & Smith, which is the 
 leading representative of this line of trade in 
 this section of the country. This house was 
 founded in 1876 by its present proprietors who 
 are both natives of Utica, Mr. Bristol, however, 
 residing in St. Paul, Minn., where the firm* 
 have a branch establishment which is there 
 conducted under the title of Brisiol, Smith & 
 Freeman. Mr Smith devotes his energies to 
 the Utica establishment, the trade of which 
 not only comprises this city, but extends be- 
 yond throughout the central, northern and 
 southern portions of the State. 
 
 The stock of goods carried by the firm in- 
 cludes such a variety as would be expected in 
 the larger establishments of metropolitan 
 cities, and reflects in a creditable manner the 
 tastes and character of the community. It 
 includes a full line of standard works, volumes 
 of poetry, travel, &c., school books, commer- 
 cial and fancy stationery in large variety, pe- 
 riodicals, blank books, and in fact everything 
 that would go to make up a complete stock of 
 a first-class bookseller. 
 
 Eight operatives are given employment, be- 
 sides a commercial traveler who attends to the 
 interests of the firm out of town. Our readers 
 will realize some idea of the firm's operations 
 in the fact that the yearly wholesale and retail 
 sales amount to $125,000. 
 
 In conclusion we may say that this enter- 
 prise as conducted by Mr. Smith in this com- 
 munity has not only been promotive of its 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 91 
 
 welfare, but has been managed on business 
 principles so liberal and straightforward as to 
 have secured for the house an esteem and 
 consideration as well merited as it is rarely 
 acquired. 
 
 BUCKLEY & CO. 
 
 Dry Goods and Carpets, 81 and 83 Gen- 
 esee Street. 
 
 A careful review of the business interests of 
 Utica develops the existence of a class of 
 houses in every respect pi-epared to compete, 
 in the several lines they represent, with the 
 rival establishments of any city. Their com- 
 plete stocks, ample resources, high commercial 
 standing and remarkable enterprise, are mat- 
 ters of which the city has every reason to be 
 proud. It is not our mission to institute com- 
 paiisons, but to present a picture of this vast 
 array of commercial enterprise. In these neces- 
 sarily brief sketches of individual industries, 
 we cannot be expected to enter into minute de- 
 tails, but to present, in epitomized form, the 
 chief attractions and special feature of the 
 several houses which, in friendly rivalry, are 
 competing for public patronage. Among 
 these, the casual observer must accord to the 
 firm of Buckley & Co. a foremost position. 
 
 The concern occupies, at the address above 
 indicated, one of the most attractive and best 
 arranged establishments in the city. This 
 comprises two stores fronting on Genesee street 
 and five on Catharine street, as well as the 
 floors above. They are fitted up in an elegant 
 manner, and subdivided into departments, 
 each designed for its particular purpose. Thus 
 the ground floor is devoted to the general uses 
 of a first-class dry goods establishment, with 
 millinery and carpet departments in the rear, 
 and above is to be found parlors and offices, 
 workrooms for fitting carpets, millinery rooms, 
 &c. Thus the entire establishment is complete 
 in all details, and partakes in a measure of the 
 character of a ladies' lounge, or rendezvous. 
 
 The stock carried by the firm consists of a 
 full line of dry goods, millinery, carpets, fancy 
 goods, cloaks and suits, upholstery goods, silks, 
 fancy dress goods, linens, hosiery, curtains, 
 and. in the season, toys and holiday goods. A 
 very large stock is carried, amounting to nearly 
 two hundred thousand dollars, and a trade ap- 
 proximating in sales to the value of $250,000 
 are yearly transacted. 
 
 A feature of the business of the house is that 
 the class of goods kept on hand is of the best 
 
 description only. The firm cater to a fine 
 class of trade, and therefore find it unnecessary 
 to encumber themselves with goods of inferior 
 description. Thus silks, of which they have in 
 stock to the amount of $25,000, may be found 
 here as high as twenty-five dollars per yard; 
 and this is characteristic of the entire stock of 
 goods. All goods are purchased direct from 
 manufacturer^ and importers, for cash, and in 
 large quantities; and the principle on which 
 the enterprise is conducted is that of honest 
 dealing— giving full value for money, and find- 
 ing rather its emolument in increased sales 
 than in lai-ge profits. 
 
 In connection with the enterprise about fifty 
 assistants are given employment, and a trade 
 is done embracing the city and vicinity as well 
 with customers residing in distant portions of 
 the State. The business is a very old estab- 
 lished one, but we need not, for the purposes 
 of this sketch, go farther back than sixteen 
 years ago, when John Buckley first became 
 connected with it. In the year 1872 he became 
 a partner, and in 1877 it was known as Buck- 
 ley, Myers & Co. ; on the death of Mr. Myers, 
 in 1881, the name was changed to Buckley & 
 Co., its present title. 
 
 The individual members of the firm as at 
 present constituted, are Messrs. John Buckley 
 and W. E. Shirley. These gentlemen are both 
 well known to the citizens of Utica, and need 
 but little personal comment at our hands. Mr. 
 Buckley was, in 1879, elected to the office of 
 mayor of Utica, which he filled to the satisfac- 
 tion and advantage of its citizens. 
 
 In conclusion, we will but say that the busi- 
 ness is conducted under a management at once 
 liberal and enterprising, and which will not 
 fail to do everything that can be done to main- 
 tain the reputation of the goods and keep them 
 always in the van of progression up to that 
 point that will stamp the products with the 
 first standard of excellence. 
 
 M. B. De long, 
 
 Furniture Dealer, 12 to 20 Catharine 
 
 Street. 
 
 One of the most extensive and oldest estab- 
 lished houses concerned in the dealing of fur- 
 niture and upholstery goods, is that to which 
 we now accord a place in our volume. It was 
 originally established in 1860, as Lennebacker 
 & DeLong, and finally became known as at 
 present in the year 1871. 
 
92 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The premises at the indicated address are 
 of the most extensive character, and consist 
 of store and show-rooms, comprising three 
 floors, covering an area of 10,000 square feet, in 
 addition to building in rear, of the dimensions 
 of 50x30 feet in extent. Here is to be found 
 a very large and varied assortment of furni- 
 ture of all descriptions, and procured in all 
 cases direct of manufacturers, at terms such 
 as enable the house to offer them to patrons 
 at prices as will compete in all cases with any 
 other house in Central New York. 
 
 About twenty five hands are given employ- 
 ment, a number of which are concerned in 
 the upholstering, cabinet making and finish- 
 ing, all of which are executed on the premises. 
 
 A specialty of the house is the making of 
 furniture to order in cases where desired by 
 patrons. 
 
 Mr. DeLong is a native of this city, and is 
 well known to the whole community, preclud- 
 ing the necessity of any personal comments. 
 By virtue of his large business he is enabled 
 to avail himself of all discounts, and buy in 
 quantities, giving the benefits so derived to 
 his customers. 
 
 There can be no doubt that facilities can 
 here be obtained second to none between New 
 York and Chicago for purchasing every de- 
 scription of furniture, and we are assured that 
 all transactions that may ensue from our re- 
 marks will fully bear out their verification. 
 
 CHARLES C. KELLOGG, 
 
 Utica Planing Mill — Manufacturers of 
 Dressed Lumber, Doors, Sash, Blinds, 
 &c., Seneca St., Erie Canal and Wash- 
 ington Street. 
 
 The above mentioned firm has for many 
 years stood at the head of the trade in this 
 section, in the manufacture of sash, doors, 
 and blinds. The business was founded about 
 fifty years ago by Lewis Lawrence, and later 
 became known as Downer & Kellogg, and C. 
 C. Kellogg & Co., and finally three years ago 
 Mr. Kellogg became the sole proprietor of the 
 business. 
 
 The premises of the firm have a frontage of 
 133 feet on Seneca street, and go back 300 feet 
 to Washington street, and abutting on the 
 Erie canal. This ground is covered with build- 
 ings containing the plant which is driven by 
 steam power and is replete with labor saving 
 machinery and tools, and employment is given 
 to from eighty-five to one hundred men. 
 
 The products of the firm comprise dressed 
 lumber of all kinds, yellow, white pine and 
 oak timber, sash, doors and blinds, mouldings, 
 stair railing, newel posts, balusters, brackets. 
 &c., and also turning and scroll sawing. The 
 greatest care is taken that all lumber shall be 
 thoroughly well seasoned before it is used, and 
 for this reason a large stock is kept on hand 
 maturing and drying. 
 
 Besides the above premises, Mr. Kellogg has 
 eight acres of ground at West Utica which is 
 utilized for storing lumber. 
 
 The facilities enjoyed by the concern are 
 fully equal to any in the State of New York, 
 and for this reason Mr Kellogg can supply 
 first-class work at the lowest possible prices. 
 Goods can be supplied at shortest notice from 
 the largest stock always on hand, and will be 
 shipped either by car or canal and loaded free 
 of charge. 
 
 Mr. Kellogg is a native of this city and is a 
 gentleman long, well and favorably known to 
 the community. We will therefore not pre- 
 sume to indulge in personal comment, but 
 will remark of the business, that by virtue of 
 its extensive character, large operations and 
 the good it performs in giving employment to 
 a large number of skilled operatives, it consti- 
 tutes a valuable acquisition to the resources 
 of the city with which it has so long been 
 identified. 
 
 H. L. WHITE & THOMAS, 
 
 Clothing Manufacturers, 34, 
 Bleeckek Street. 
 
 26, 28 
 
 We have already written elsewhere of the 
 great importance of the manufacturing cloth- 
 ing interests of this locality, and the advant- 
 ages which an abundant supply of skilled labor 
 confers on those who have adopted Utica as a 
 seat of manufacture for these goods; and we 
 now present to our readers another enterprise, 
 whose business and importance entitles it to 
 consideration at our hands. 
 
 The house was established in the month of 
 December, 1881, and although as yet but in its 
 infancy has already made itself strongly felt 
 in the trade, and bids fair to further advance 
 in the not far distant future 
 
 The pi-emises, as above indicated, and which 
 comprise three floors, of the dimensions of 
 about 80x64 feet, are utilized as the basis for 
 the manufacture of a full line of men's, youths', 
 boys' and children's clothing, of all grades and 
 sizes, constructed in the best manner, and cal- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 93 
 
 culated to suit the requirements of the trade 
 of New York, New England, Pennsylvania 
 and the West. In connection with the under- 
 taking, about four hundred hands are given 
 employment. 
 
 The house is in the enjoyment of facilities 
 whereby it is enabled to take advantage of 
 discounts and everything that may be calcu- 
 lated to lessen cost of production, which places 
 them in a position enabling them to favorably 
 compete with contemporary houses. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. H. L. 
 White, and George K. Thomas, who are too 
 well known to the community to require from 
 us any personalities. Suffice it is for us to say 
 that they are in all ways qualified to the re- 
 quirements of their business, which offers the 
 best evidence of success — viz: that of the 
 profitable increase of its operations. 
 
 DAVID PIERCE, 
 
 Dealer in Staple and Fancy Groceries, 
 203 Genesee Street. 
 
 In our examination of the various busi- 
 ness enterprises of Utica, we find in many 
 branches a number of houses which have 
 built up a wide reputation for fair dealing and 
 reliable goods, and in the grocery trade of this 
 city, are none of these remarks more true than 
 of the house of David Pierce, of the above 
 a,ddress. The business was first established in 
 1857, as D. Pierce & Co., and after several 
 changes of style has, since 1879, been carried 
 on by the present proprietor alone. 
 
 Mr. Pierce possesses every modern facility 
 for the transaction of a large business at his 
 head-quartfirs, located as above indicated, 
 which consist of a store 125x20 feet in dimen- 
 sions, as well as two commodious store houses 
 in the basement. Here a full and complete 
 assortment of choice staple, fancy and im- 
 ported groceries, teas, coffees and spices, are 
 carried, and a trade centers here which ex- 
 tends throughout the city, and largely into 
 the neighboring towns and villages, requiring 
 for its proi)er attention, the assistance of 
 eight employees and two horses and wagons 
 for delivering the goods. 
 
 While equal attention is given to all classes 
 of goods, a specialty may be said to be made 
 of fruits and early vegetables, of which a large 
 and choice stock is always on hand. All goods 
 are purchased direct from first hands in large 
 quantities, and the house has always borne a 
 igh repute in the trade, for the liberal man- 
 
 ner in which its operations are conducted, and 
 the reliability which may always be placed 
 upon every representation made. Some idea 
 of the importance of this business may be 
 formed from the fact, that the yearly sales are 
 from 165,000 to $75,000 in amount. 
 
 Mr. Pierce is a native of Wales, but has been 
 a resident of Utica for twenty-three years. He 
 is well known to the community, as a courteous 
 gentleman in the pursuit of his vocation, and 
 has the respect and confidence of our citizens ; 
 and all dealing with him will find in all cases 
 transactions highly satisfactory. 
 
 THEODORE P. BUTTERFIP:LD, 
 Livery Stable, 12 Main Street. 
 
 In this work it is our object to give des- 
 criptions of the oldest established and most 
 honorable of the enterprises in our midst, and 
 our work would not be complete without a 
 sketch of the well known Butterfield livery 
 stable. 
 
 The business is a very old one, having been 
 established in the year 1827, by John Butter- 
 field, and at that time the whole resources of 
 the stable consisted of one solitary quadruped. 
 About thirty years ago the enterprise came 
 into the hands of the present proprietor, and 
 it has during his management advanced until, 
 at this present time, it can claim to be the 
 most thoroughly equipped and best appointed 
 livery stable in the State of New York. 
 
 The resources of the establishment comprise 
 forty horses, fourteen hacks, twelve buggies, 
 three two-seated buggies, one six-horse Tally- 
 Ho coach and various other vehicles and ap- 
 pointment connected with a livery stable. 
 About twelve men are given employment in 
 connection with the business. 
 
 For many years the Butterfield stable has 
 been an acknowledged institution of this city. 
 Before the railroad was in operation it was the 
 headquarters of the large number of stage 
 lines centering in Utica, and in those days 
 presented a busy and animated scene. But 
 steam has changed all this and the glory of 
 the turnpike road has departed forever, and 
 has been improved off the face of the earth. 
 
 Mr. T. F. Butterfield, the proprietor of the 
 establishment, is a native of this city and is 
 well known to all citizens of Utica. He has 
 filled the offices of both Mayor and Alderman 
 and is a gentleman of thoroughly upright 
 business character. 
 
94 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The facilities thus enumerated form the \ CARTON & CO 
 basis of the very best of famil)' trade. No 
 equipage is allowed to leave the establishment 
 but of the best character. The prices charged 
 are dictated by a spirit of moderation, and 
 there can be no doubt that both for the 
 resident and stranger no better facilities can 
 be obtained than those tendered by the well- 
 known and long established Butterfield livery 
 stable. 
 
 SHAUGHNESSY BROTHERS, 
 
 Dealers in General Hardwake and 
 Roofers, 143 Genesee Street. 
 
 One of the distinctive industries of Utica 
 and one which has contributed materially to 
 her commercial prosperity is her extensive 
 hardware trade. 
 
 Among the most enterprising and pushing 
 firms prominently connected with the busi- 
 ness is the well-known and popular house 
 whose name heads this necessarily brief sketch. 
 The business was established May 1st, 1871, 
 and since then its increasing operations and 
 importance necessitated more convenient 
 premises and the firm in addition to their old 
 quarters on Bleeeker street, added the premises 
 at the address as above indicated. These con 
 sist of store and basement of the dimensions 
 of 155x18 feet, and their place on Bleeeker 
 street, utilized as a storehouse and shop is 
 29x31 feet in extent. 
 
 Their lines of goods embrace everything in 
 the way of general hardware, stoves and tin- 
 ware of their own manufacture, i. e., all goods 
 are of the best description, procured direct 
 from the manufacturers, and the firm is every 
 way competent to compete with other rival 
 establishments. A feature of the business to 
 which especial attention is given is tin roof- 
 ing, which they are prepared at all times to 
 execute in a thorough manner and at moderate 
 prices. 
 
 Mr. John F. and Patrick J. Shaughnessy, 
 the gentlemen constituting the firm, have for 
 many years been residents of Utica, and are in 
 very way competent to the duties of their 
 undertaking. They may be classed as push- 
 ing, energetic young men, and adopting as 
 the watchword of their enterprise that of fair 
 dealing, promptness and reliability, they con- 
 stitute a firm which is a valuable addition to 
 the cities resources, and meriting the success 
 which they have already achieved. 
 
 Manufacturers of and Jobbers in Hot 
 Air Furnaces, Portable and Brick Set 
 Ranges, Stoves, Tin, Sheet Iron and 
 Metals, 169 Genesee Street. 
 
 One of the oldest established and most en- 
 terprising houses in Central New York con- 
 cerned in the sale of stoves, furnaces, &c., is 
 that which is identified with the well known 
 name of Carton. As far back as 1847 Mr. 
 John Carton instituted his business here in 
 Utica and carried it on for years with steadily 
 increasing success. On his death, in 1881, the 
 firm became known as Carton & Dana, until in 
 1883 it was finally constituted as Carton & Co., 
 as it now remains. 
 
 The premises at the indicated address com- 
 prise the store and basement and three floors 
 above, of the dimensions of 16(5 x 28 feet. 
 Here can be found a splendid assortment of 
 stoves, ranges, and hot air furnaces of the 
 best manufacturers and improved patterns. 
 The greatest care is taken by the firm that 
 only goods which are certain to give unquali- 
 fied satisfaction shall be handled by them ; 
 these principles were the cause of success of 
 the original firm, and the present heads of the 
 concern are determined to uphold its original 
 reputation. 
 
 In addition to stoves. &c., the house manu- 
 factures and handles largely tin and iron plate, 
 solder, tin and japanned ware, and in fact 
 everything connected or necessary for tinmen 
 and stove dealers as well as a full line of fine 
 household goods and fancy brass goods. A 
 large trade is thus done throughout Central 
 New York, and a force of from fifteen to 
 twenty assistants are given employment. A 
 specialty of the house is the celebrated Devon- 
 shire Range, manufactured by Richardson, 
 Boynton & Co., which is, beyond doubt, one of 
 the best in the market. Messrs. Carton & Co. 
 have recently put the largest range ever 
 brought to Utica, in the Hotel Zublin. This 
 weighs 2.400 pounds, and the ovens cons- 
 tructed of wrought iron and is provided with 
 every improvement and appliance, and is a 
 model range in all respects. 
 
 The gentlemen comprising the firm are 
 Messrs. Thomas Carton, Thomas W. Baxter, 
 and William J. Cosgrove. These are all either 
 natives or long residents of this city, and 
 gentlemen possessing a thorough knowledge 
 of the business and the wants of the trade. 
 Mr. Carton, especially, has had a long experi- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 95 
 
 ■enee -with his father who was a thorough ex- 
 pert as regards furnaces and stoves. 
 
 The firm buy direct of the manufacturers 
 and producers in all cases and pay cash for 
 everything, which places them on the most 
 favorable plane, enabling them to compete 
 with any similar establishment in this section. 
 
 Before closing this brief sketch we would 
 call the attention of our readers to the 
 "17. T. K." furnace, manufactured by the 
 concern. This is made in seven sizes and as 
 many more styles, either portable or brick 
 form, and is undoubtedly one of the best con- 
 trivances of the kind made. The new reverse 
 motion grate made by them is also an article 
 of great merit and is provided by an arrange- 
 ment whereby all ashes and clinkers can be 
 removed without disturbing body of coal on 
 top which not only is a convenience but 
 causes a saving of twenty five per cent, on 
 fuel. 
 
 We have said all our space permits with re- 
 gard to this house, and in conclusion we can 
 afiirm on the authority of the firm, (which is 
 characteristic of its original founder,) that the 
 policy of the house is to sell goods solely on 
 their merits, and if not found to be in every 
 particular perfectly satisfactory, emphatically 
 assert that the money paid shall he returned- 
 These principles of conducting the business 
 have brought about the success of the firm's 
 operations, resulting in all cases to the per- 
 fect satisfaction and profit of those who may 
 have dealings with the well known house of 
 Carton & Co. 
 
 A. WALKER, 
 
 Art Store; C. E. Walker, Looking-glass 
 AND Picture Frames; and Walker's 
 Bird Store, 43 Genesee Stkeet. 
 
 The above business was established in the 
 year 1846, and is a combination of different 
 •interests, the whole, however, being under the 
 management of Mr. A. Walker, who is, besides 
 .his own particular business, concerned largely 
 in the others. 
 
 The premises utilized, comprise the entire 
 building of four floors, of the dimensions of 
 -56 X 18 feet in extent. Here is to be found 
 pictures of all descriptions in oil and water 
 colors, also engravings, chromo lithographs, 
 ■&C., as well as looking-glasses, and a very large 
 and varied assortment of frames of all kinds, 
 both gilt and plain, embracing the latest and 
 most beautiful designs. In addition to the 
 
 above a large stock of domestic and foreign 
 singing birds is kept on hand, besides a 
 large variety of cages of all patterns and 
 descriptions. By reason of the long experi- 
 ence of those at its direction, and also by 
 the firm buying in large quantities for cash, 
 they are in every way able to compete in most 
 favorable terms with any similar establishment 
 in. this jlocality, an extensive trade is trans- 
 acted, extending throughout the central part 
 of the State. 
 
 The proprietors of the business are residents 
 of this city, where they are well and favorably 
 known. Mr. A. Walker, is the active manager 
 of the whole, and conducts it to a successful 
 issue with energy and enterprise. Those in 
 the city and beyond, desiring this class of 
 goods, cannot do better than visit or correspond 
 with this establishment, and they will find that 
 the advantages derived therefrom will in every 
 way redound to their profit and benefit. 
 
 WILLIAMS & WIGHT, 
 
 Wholesale and Manufacturing Clothiers, 
 13 John Street. 
 
 Among the important houses concerned in 
 the, manufacture of clothing in Utica, we 
 must not fail to accord a place to that of 
 Messrs Williams & Wight, which was first 
 instituted January 1883, and offers afiother 
 example of the facilities and advantages po- 
 ssessed by this city, as a centre for this rapidly 
 advancing branch of commerce. 
 
 The premises utilized comiirise three floors, 
 the dimensions 130 x 30 feet in extent, and 
 which are provided with steam power. 
 
 The house manufactures men's, youths' boys' 
 and children'.s clothing, in all grades, sizes and 
 patterns, and in connection with the business, 
 from 350 to 400 hands are given employment, 
 and a large trade is effected, mainly located 
 in New York, Michigan and Ohio. 
 
 The goods manufactured by this concern 
 can be depended on for their superior charac- 
 ter both as to material and workmanship. 
 Every care is exercised that the goods shall 
 only leave the establishment in a perfect con- 
 dition, and this cause has remitted in an 
 increasing and permanent trade, in all cases 
 holding its own in friendly rivalry with con- 
 temporary houses. 
 
 Messrs. A. H. Williams, and E. B. Wight, 
 are the gentlemen constituting the firm, and 
 are too well known to need from us personal 
 remarks; however, we ma^ sav that they are 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 possessed of a life long experience in the busi- 
 ness to every detail of which is to them 
 practically familiar. We have thus said 
 enough with the limited space at our disposal, 
 to cause our interested readers to realize that 
 the house of Williams & Wight, is in every 
 way eminently one with which to open and 
 continue business relations. 
 
 ROWLEY & HORTON, 
 
 Wholesale Paper and Stationery, 56 
 Genesee Street. 
 
 The important position occupied by Utica as 
 a jobbing center, makes the study of her 
 separate industries a most interesting one. To 
 present a picture of these varied pursuits, their 
 extent and character, to show in concise form, 
 the facilities and capacities enjoyed by her 
 merchants and manufacturers for supplying 
 the goods they handle or produce, and the 
 many claims this city presents for the con- 
 sideration of those seeking a permanent in- 
 
 vestment for capital, is our modest purpose in 
 this work. In this connection a few words 
 concerning the well known firm of Rowley & 
 Horton, will be of interest to many of our 
 readers. The career of this house dates back 
 to 1867, when it was known as Curry, Row- 
 ley & Co. In 1869 it was designated Row- 
 ley Bros. & Co., and in 1879, Rowley & Horton. 
 They occupy a large store and basement of 
 the dimensions of 175x20 feet, and convenient- 
 ly arranged for their business. Their stock 
 includes paper of all kinds, blank books, a full 
 line of fine and commercial stationery, building 
 and wrapping papers, paper bags, twines, &c. 
 A very varied and complete assortment is 
 
 handled suitable to the needs of all branches 
 of business, as well as for family use. In 
 blank books, the house carry as heavy a stock 
 as any contemporary concern in the State. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. W. C. Rowley and George C. Horton ^ 
 both long residents of this city, and gentlemen, 
 who by their long experience in the business, 
 are fully alive to the requirements of th& 
 trade and the wants of the market. Besides 
 a large trade in Utica and vicinity, an exten- 
 sive business is transacted throughout the 
 State and here commercial travellers are era- 
 ployed in representing the firm's interests 
 abroad. 
 
 In conclusion, we can but remark that the- 
 extensive business conducted, and the high 
 standing and character of the firm, make it 
 one of the prominent factors in the commer- 
 cial interests of the city. 
 
 HUGHES & EVANS, 
 
 Dealers in Foreign and American Granite, 
 AND Marble AND Monumental Workers, 
 46 Washington Street. 
 
 The sculptured marble and graceful granite 
 monuments which mark the resting place of 
 the dead are mute, but touching evidences of a 
 love which cherishes their memory, and typify 
 one of the finest sentiments which find expres- 
 sion in human action. The desire to embellish 
 our cemeteries with works of art has been one of 
 the most marked evidences of a higher civiliza- 
 tion, and now the beautiful fornis into which 
 these lasting monuments, which bear record 
 to our love for lost friends, call for the hand 
 of an artist in their execution, and the highest 
 degree of artistic skill in designing. 
 
 The house of Hughes & Evans stands in the 
 front rank of th's business in Utica, and their 
 extensive establishment is well worthy of special 
 mention. The house was established in 1864 as 
 Jones & Hughes, and became known as at 
 present in 1873. The premises occupied are 
 of a very extensive nature, giving every con- 
 venience for the prosecution of the business, 
 and employment is furnished for from fifteen 
 to twenty-five skilled workmen, according to 
 the season. The plant covers an area of 
 150x68 feet, and includes yard, engine-room, 
 blacksmith's shop, oflice and salesroom. 
 Steam power is employed for polishing, and 
 every necessary appliance is utilized. The 
 firm deal in all kinds of Scotch and American 
 granite and Italian and American marble, of 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 97 
 
 which they carry a large stock, besides an 
 extensive assortment of marble and granite 
 monuments, tablets and headstones of new 
 and unique designs. They make a specialty 
 of designing monuments to order, and many 
 handsome specimens may be seen in any of 
 the cemeteries in this section of the State 
 which bear ample witness of their skill. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. William Hughes and Lewis R. Evans, 
 both natives of Wales but for many years 
 residents of Utica. Both gentlemen are 
 thoroughly practical men in their business. 
 Those contemplating the erection of family 
 monuments should not overlook the fact that 
 here they can find the most artistic work of 
 the kind, and with this highly esteemed record 
 we but reflect the public sentiment when we 
 say to our readers abroad and at home, that 
 relations once entered into are sure to be as 
 pleasant and satisfactory as skill and ex- 
 perience can accomplish. 
 
 JOHN DAGWELL. 
 Custom Foundry, Broadway. 
 
 In a compiled review of the business estab- 
 lishments of Utica, special interest attaches 
 itself to those houses which have been so long 
 established as to become, in a measure, a part 
 of the manufacturing history of the city itself, 
 and more particularly is this true when the 
 founders of such houses are still as active in 
 its prosecution as at the time of its inception. 
 These remarks apply to the foundry conducted 
 by Mr. John Bagwell, who first entered into 
 business in conjunction with Mr. Hart, the 
 firm being known as Hart & Dagwell. For 
 many years, however, the latter gentleman 
 has been in business alone, and until recently 
 was located on Cornelia street, but circum- 
 stances necessitating a change, the present 
 site was obtained and may be said to constitute 
 one of the best equipped foundries in this part 
 of the country. 
 
 The plant which occupies a space of about 
 20,000 square feet, is divided into the dif- 
 ferent departments of engine room, the main 
 foundry, pattern wareroom and otfice. A full 
 equipment of all necessary and best available 
 appliances are on hand, and a force of from 
 fifteen to twenty skilled operators are em- 
 ployed. 
 
 The products of the house include iron 
 castings of all kinds suitable to machinery, 
 stove making and other purposes, executed to ' 
 
 order with dispatch and constructed in the 
 best manner of the best material and executed 
 at moderate prices. The reputation of this 
 firm has long been recognized by the trade 
 as producing these castings in a manner not 
 to be excelled by any contemporary house in 
 the State, and a large trade is transacted 
 throughout the city and towns adjacent. 
 
 Mr. Dagwell is a native of England, but 
 to all intents and purposes may be said to be- 
 long to Utica, having resided here for 52 years. 
 He is a gentleman well known to the whole 
 community and can in every way be depended 
 on as a conscientious man of business and a 
 valuable citizen. 
 
 GLOBE WOOLEN CO., 
 
 Manufacturers op Worsteds and Wool- 
 ens, Court Street. 
 
 On account of its commercial importance, 
 and also by reason of its long establishment, 
 we accord to the above company an honorable 
 place in our pages. 
 
 The Globe Woolen Co. was established in 
 the year 1846, and has since then become 
 widely known all over the United States, for 
 the superior character of the fabrics which are 
 the products of the mills. 
 
 The premises comprise three mills, of four 
 stories each, and altogether covering six and a 
 half acres of ground. The plant embraces the 
 best and most improved machinery suitable to 
 the manufacture, and the motive power is fur- 
 nished by an engine and boiler of 400-horse 
 power. The system of sub-division of labor is 
 here carried out in the completest manner, and 
 the several departments of wool-sorting, scour- 
 ing and dyeing, picking, carding, spinning, 
 warping, weaving, burling and finishing, in 
 all, afliord employment for five hundred and 
 thirty operatives. Every care is exercised by 
 the management, that the finest of fancy 
 woolen and worsted cloths shall be the result 
 of their labor. The products of the Globe 
 Woolen Co. are well known throughout the 
 country, and can bear competition with any 
 domestic and many inqjorted fabrics. 
 
 The capital stock of the concern is $300,000, 
 and the annual sales amount to $1,250,000. 
 The gentlemen at the head of the enterprise 
 are Messrs. Robert Middleton, president; A. C. 
 Miller, vice president; E, T. Batsford, secre- 
 tary, and W. W. Coffin, treasurer. These gen- 
 tlemen, with the exception of Mr. Coffin, who 
 resides In New York, are citizens of Utica, and 
 
^8 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 are all well and favorably known to the com- 
 munity. Mr. Middleton is a trustee of the 
 Second National Bank, and the Savings Bank, 
 and Mr. Miller, who is a prominent lawyer of 
 tliis city, also officiates as treasurer of the 
 Savings Bank. We will not indulge in per- 
 sonal comment, but will state that the presence 
 •of these gentlemen on the board of directors, 
 afford the best guarantee of the well-conduct 
 •of the enterprise. 
 
 Sufficient has been said to allow our readers 
 to realize that in the«possession of the Globe 
 Woolen Mills, Utica and the county of Oneida 
 liave every reason to be congratulated. 
 
 J. G. EGERT, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in 
 Floor, Feed, and Iron Ore, 21 and 33 
 Liberty Street. 
 
 The high character and standing of the 
 leading flour and feed concerns of this city, 
 renders this a noticeable feature of the growing 
 •commercial activity which is developing and 
 advancing this immediate section of the State. 
 A well known and long established house en- 
 gaged in this important department of trade, 
 is that of Mr. J. G. Egert, which was founded 
 in 1863, and which has since been conducted 
 by him with annually increasing prosperity 
 and success. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business con- 
 sist of a commodious warehouse, 70x40 feet in 
 dimensions, having five floors, and with a ca- 
 pacity for storing large quantities of flour and 
 feed. The goods are received direct from the 
 mills, and in large quantities, and the house is 
 enabled to offer the most advantageous in- 
 ducements to the trade and the public. A 
 specialty of the concern is Washburn, Crosley 
 & Co.'s (Minneaijolis.) superlative flour, which 
 can justlyclaimsuperiority over all otherbrands, 
 and for which Mr. Egert is sole agent in this 
 section. 
 
 In addition to the flour and feed business, 
 Mr. Egert is largely concerned in iron ore, 
 which is stored at his dock on Jay street, and 
 is procured from his own mine. This ore is of 
 fine quality and is suitable for all kinds of 
 furnace work, and large quantities of it are 
 shipped East. By virtue of facilities of ship- 
 ping and lessened cost of production, this oi-e 
 is enabled to be sold at rates below ordinary 
 market value. 
 
 The flour and feed trade of Mr. Egert, is 
 mainly situated in Central New York, while as 
 
 before said, his ore is chiefly sold East. About 
 twenty mpn and ten teams are employed in 
 connection with the two enterprises. 
 
 Mr. Egert is a native of this county, and 
 has been a resident of this city since 1856. 
 He is a gentleman well known to the citizens 
 of Utica, and is respected for his enterprise 
 and universally upright conduct of his affairs, 
 and all dealings with him can only result in 
 transactions satisfactory to all concerned. 
 
 A. L. OWENS, 
 Utica Dairy, 
 
 Fayette Street. 
 
 Of all articles of food which enter into the 
 routine of our daily life, of none is purity so 
 essential a quality as of milk and its products. 
 The health, nay the life even, of our children 
 is at stake, and for this reason it is a matter of 
 the utmost importance that the.>^e food supplies 
 should be procured of such houses whose I'e- 
 sponsibility and reputation are such as to 
 place all risk of obtaining anything but the 
 purest of the kind beyond question. 
 
 In connection with the above remarks, we 
 make mention of the Utica Dairy, presided 
 over by Mr. A. L. Owens. This was first es- 
 tablished in 1879, and has, since then, built up 
 a reputation which places it above criticism. 
 
 The premises are located at the indicated 
 address, and comprise one of the most perfect 
 establishments of the kind in the State of New 
 York. On entering, one finds himself in a 
 most pleasant room, elegantly ornamented and 
 furnished. On the right is a short counter, 
 and beyond the cashier's and book-keeper's 
 desks. Behind the counter is a refrigerator 
 containing deep cans of sweet milk, sweet 
 cream, skimmed milk and buttermilk, which 
 can be purchased by the glass or quart. About 
 these cans cool water runs continually, keep- 
 ing the milk cool and palatable. An ingenious 
 contrivance for washing the glasses insures 
 their neatness and cleanliness. There is also 
 an elevator coming up from the cellar on 
 which butter in pound packages, and labelled 
 "Excelsior Pound Print," is brought up. On 
 the other side is a fountain, about which are 
 flowers in blossom. On the walls are neatly 
 painted two mottoes, which speak truly of the 
 business done by Mr. Owens, the proprietor 
 of the Utica Dairy. They read: "Success to 
 Purity, Promptness, Cleanliness and Cash," 
 and "Success to Industry, Perseverance, En- 
 terprise and Cash." These are fit texts for the 
 magnificent business which their author owns. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 99' 
 
 Everything about the entire place spealis of 
 compactness, and at the same time of con- 
 venience. The ice-cream and lunch parlor is 
 just back and opening out of the office. Here 
 are neat marble-topped tables and comfortable 
 chairs. To economise space and to accommo- 
 date more customers, Mr. Owens has built a 
 gallery about two sides of the lunch room. 
 Upstairs and down will seat one hundred peo- 
 ple. The gallery is kept cool and comfortable 
 by a draught of air from the rear to the front 
 of the building. This room is tastily decora- 
 ted. On the wall are two large and elegant 
 oil paintings, which add not a little to the at- 
 tractiveness of the room. * One is a Swiss 
 scene and the other is a scene in our own 
 Mohawk valley, taken from the Black river 
 bridge near the city. Taken together there 
 is not a public room in Utica, as handsomely 
 decorated. 
 
 In connection with the undertaking about 
 fifteen men and six delivery wagons are util- 
 ized, and from 100 to 1,000 quarts of ice-cream, 
 3,000 quarts of milk, and 100 to 200 pounds of 
 fresh butter are daily disposed of. 
 
 The milk is derived from the very best farms 
 in this and neighboring counties, the whole 
 product of many of which are entirely taken 
 by Mr. Owens and is utilized by him for sup- 
 plying his parlors with sweet cream, milk, but- 
 ter-milk, ice-cream, cream-cheese, &c. A very 
 large trade is transacted, derived from the very 
 best of the citizens of Utica and vicinity. 
 
 Mr. A. L. Owens, the proprietor of this es- 
 tablishment, is a native of this city, where he 
 is well known to the community. He is a gen- 
 tleman who in his affairs avails himself of the 
 best principles of business probity, and can in 
 every way be relied on, not only for his com- 
 plete knowledge of every detail of his business, 
 but also for the universal, upright manner 
 with which all transactions with him are dis- 
 tinguished. 
 
 J. H. SHEEHAN & CO., 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Drugs, 
 Medicines, Paints, Oils, Dye Stuffs, 
 Wines and Liquors; 155 Genesee Street. 
 
 In speaking of a house so widely known and 
 holding so strong a position in the trade as 
 that of J. H. Sheehan & Co., we cannot hope 
 to add anything to its standing and reputa- 
 tion. Yet our purpose to make this work a 
 valuable reviewer of the manufacturing and 
 jobbing interests of Utica and Oneida county, 
 
 makes it our pleasant duty to say a few words 
 with regard to the history and present position 
 of this popular firm. The business they are 
 conducting was established Oct. 1878, by the 
 present senior partner, and became known as 
 J. H. Sheehan & Co., April 1883. 
 
 The premises comprise the entii'e building 
 of three floors and basement, each of the di- 
 mensions of about 60x25 feet, and also cellar 
 room under the arcade utilized for storage 
 purposes. Here is kept in stock a full line of 
 all kinds of drugs, medicines, paints, oils, dye 
 stuffs, and also imported and domestic wines 
 and liquors of the finest quality. The house 
 carries a very large stock, and this forms a 
 basis for a large trade throughout Central New 
 York, and which occupies the attention of 
 three commercial travelers. 
 
 The concern buys its goods in all cases direct 
 from the manufacturers, and in the instance- 
 of wines and liquors, if domestic, direct from 
 the stills, and of foreign goods they are direct 
 importers. These facilities enable the house 
 in all eases to supply the best of goods at 
 lowest prices. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. J. H. Sheehan, Chas. S. England, and 
 Philip Sweeny. These gentlemen are all resi- 
 dents of this city where their interests have 
 long been identified. 
 
 The business of Messrs. Sheehan & Co., is 
 very large in its operations and is annually in- 
 creasing. The general prosperity of course 
 has influenced this largely, but we must not 
 lose sight of the fact that much has been due 
 to the energy, tact and general principles of 
 business honor with which the enterprise has 
 been conducted. 
 
 PURVIS, METCALP & CO., 
 
 Stationers, Book Binders and Blank Book 
 
 Manufacturers; 137 Genesee Street. 
 
 In giving some few details with regard to 
 the business of the above firm, we must pre- 
 mise that as far as regards the manufacturing 
 and book binding department, it was origin 
 ally established fourteen years ago by Mr. 
 Purvis, but it is only since May 1st, of the 
 past year that the concern has been known as 
 at present, and that the addition of the sta- 
 tionery department has been made and the 
 CO partnership of Purvis, Metcalf & Co., 
 formed. 
 
 The premises occupied by the firm consist 
 of store, basement and two floors above at the 
 
100 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 3,ddress as indicated, and two other floors 
 utilized as the manufacturing department at 
 181 Genesee street, 
 
 The stock carried by the concern comprises 
 .a full line of staple a'nd fancy stationery, care- 
 fully selected, of the best description, and are 
 also extensive jobbers of the same, and are 
 represented abroad by two commercial travel- 
 ers; also all kinds of blank books suitable for 
 mercantile and other purposes. The latter 
 are manufactured by the fir«i, and are con- 
 structed in the best manjj,er possible by the 
 aid of the most improved ^n,d latest appliances 
 procurable, suited to the tr^de. Mr. Purvis, 
 who is a thoroughly pra,ctical man, personally 
 supervises this depart,n?ent, so that nothing 
 leaves the establishmetit otherwise than in a 
 perfect condition. 
 
 In addition to the above, the house makes a 
 specialty of fine book binding, executed in the 
 ,best manner and with every care, and at prices 
 that will favorably couipare with contemporary 
 houses. They are prepareid at all times to 
 bind any number o.f books, pamphlets, &c., 
 
 .on contract arrangements or otherwise. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises this city, 
 
 •Central New York ,ftnd Pennsylvania, and is 
 rapidly increasing. About seventeen hands 
 are employed in connection with the enter- 
 prise. The members of the firm are Messrs. 
 Alfred J. Purvis and F. A. Metcalf, the former 
 a long and the latter three years resident in 
 Utica. As before mentioned, Mr. Purvis de- 
 votes his attention to the manufacturing and 
 book-binding department, and for which he is 
 eminently qualified ; and Mr. Metcalf's time is 
 
 ■taken up in the store and the stationery de- 
 partment, and also devotes his large experience 
 of the trade to the wholesale stationery de- 
 partment, and in keeping the accounts of the 
 
 ifirm. 
 
 Thoroughly familiar with the business in 
 which it is engaged, this house is prepared to 
 
 .compete with any in offering substantial ad 
 vantages to the trade, and may be esteemed as 
 being prompt, reliable and liberal in all its 
 operations. 
 
 .J. M. KELLY & CO., 
 
 Dealers in Ranges, Stoves and House 
 Furnishing Goods, and Repairers, 36 
 
 Charlotte Street. 
 
 We question if to any other subject connect- 
 .ed with our modes of living has so much care- 
 iul thought in connection with inventive talent 
 
 and taste been devoted as to that of providing 
 the means for the production of artificial heat 
 for domestic and cooking purposes. As a re- 
 sult American stoves are unequaled for .econ- 
 omy in the consumption of fuel and general 
 efficiency, and are the embodiments of me- 
 chanical workmanship of the highest order of 
 perfection. 
 
 At no place can these results be more plain- 
 ly seen than at the reliable establishment of 
 Messrs. J. M. Kelly & Co., who are the suc- 
 cessors of the business originally established 
 by Mr. A. Goodenow, in 1863, and which has 
 been under its present title since 1S82. The 
 firm, composed of Mr. J. M. Kelly and some 
 other interests represented by Mr. H. S. Good- 
 enow, has succeeded in establishing a reputa- 
 tion for their products, which is the direct 
 result of their merits as we shall make patent 
 to our readers as we proceed. 
 
 Their premises consist of store with work- 
 shop for repairing and jobbing in the rear, of 
 the dimensions of 150x'-i5 feet. These are re- 
 plete with many of the latest and best kinds 
 of Stoves and Ranges, as well as a large 
 stock of house furnishing goods, &c. 
 
 A specialty of this house is the "Happy 
 Home Range," which is certainly one of the 
 most complete ranges in the market. Among 
 the various advantages with which it is en- 
 dowed, we will mention that it is provided 
 with Smyth's genuine duplex grate, which 
 precludes the necessity of constant rekindling, 
 and also operates strongly in the economy of 
 fuel. It is provided, also, with very deep oven 
 flues and an automatic check damper in the 
 top of the range by which the temperature of 
 the oven can be controlled. This is peculiar 
 to this range. The material of which it is 
 constructed is of the best, and is well made 
 and durable in every respect, while for price 
 it can favorably compete with other similar 
 contrivances. 
 
 The house also largely deals in Parlor stoves, 
 the most celebrated of which is the "Argand 
 Parlor" stove which has for years held its own 
 against all competitors. Another specialty of 
 the house is stove jobbing and repairing. The 
 firm are able to provide broken portions of 
 any stove in the market, and to repair in a 
 thorough and workmanlike manner all break- 
 ages and damages at the shortest notice. 
 
 Messrs. Kelly & Co., are the manufacturers 
 of the Roman Cement, which is a substitute 
 for brick, and will fit any stove, and is much 
 cheaper. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 101 
 
 In concluding this brief sketch, which hard- 
 ly does justice to the products of this concern, 
 we wish to remark that the object of the firm 
 is in all cases to give satisfaction, which they 
 are willing and deternained to do at any sacri- 
 fice to themselves. Not only to gain custom 
 but to maintain it has been adopted as the 
 watchwords of their enterprise, and subsequent 
 transactions with them will fully demonstrate 
 these facts to our readers who should be in 
 duced to investigate. 
 
 OWEN, PIXLEY & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers and Wholesale Dealers 
 IN Clothing; 1, 3 and 5 John Street. 
 
 Among the great manufacturing enterprises 
 of Utica, those engaged in the production of 
 clothing are justly entitled to a prominent po- 
 sition, not only on account of the extent of 
 their transactions, but owing to the fact that 
 their employees are largely a class that ordi- 
 narily are consumers but not producers, and 
 their earnings help largely in swelling the 
 sales of local dealers, and thus contribute in 
 no small degree to the prosperity of the city. 
 
 The house above noted was established in 
 the year 1870, always under its present title. 
 The firm occupy premises at the above address, 
 comprising tour floors of the dimensions of 110 
 x80, and they utilize steam power for cutting, 
 hoisting, &c., as well as all other necessary 
 and latest approved appliances suitable to the 
 successful carrying on of the enterprise. A 
 very large number of operatives are employed, 
 in all amounting to eight hundred. These 
 produce annually enormous quantities of men's, 
 youths' and boys' clothing, of all grades, sizes 
 and qualities, and which form the basis of a 
 trade extending through the Midddle and 
 Western States. 
 
 Jn addition to their extensive establishment 
 in this city, the firm have a number of retail 
 stores in various portions of Indiana and Illi- 
 nois. They have severally in each of the fol- 
 lowing places, viz : Lockport, N. Y. ; Fort 
 Wayne, Ind. ; Greencastle, Ind. ; Terre Haute, 
 Ind. ; Lafayette, Ind. ; Indianapolis, Ind. ; 
 Bloomington, 111 ; Danville, 111. ; and lately 
 in Peoria, III. As the success of these each 
 are assured the firm extend their operations 
 by establishing new ones. 
 
 Of course it will at once be apparent to our 
 readers, in view of the above facts, of the ex- 
 tensive nature of the business of this house. 
 It is in every way able to compete with its con- 
 
 temporaries, and besides advantages peculiar 
 to itself, it possesses iu common with other 
 houses in the city those which are comprised 
 by being able to procure labor at reasonable 
 rates, and the proximity of large woolen fac- 
 tories in the immediate neighborhoods, and 
 which constitute an important item in the 
 lessened cost of production by avoiding the 
 expense of freights. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. John 
 and Philip Owen and H. D. Pixley. These 
 gentlemen are residents of Utica, and are sev- 
 erally respected in the community. 
 
 In concluding this sketch we can but say 
 that this house is an important acquisition to 
 the city by virtue of the large number of oper- 
 atives it employs, and also in the strictly hon- 
 orable manner in which it is conducted. 
 
 BENJAMIN HALL, 
 
 Dealer in Hides, Skins and Tallow, 75 
 Bleecker Street, and 66, 68 and 70 John 
 Street. 
 
 Many industries find employment in the 
 production and handling of leather, from the 
 time it leaves the back of the animal in the 
 shape of raw hide until it graces the foot of 
 the lady of fashion, or that of the mechanic in 
 the form of a more or less neatly fitting boot 
 or shoe. Not the least of the industries is 
 that of the dealer in hides and leather, for it 
 is by means of his enterprise that the producer 
 of the raw material finds a market for his 
 hides and pelts, and the consumer of the man- 
 ufactured product obtains his supply of 
 leather. 
 
 Engaged in this branch of the leather indus- 
 try is the house of Benjamin Hall, which was 
 founded in 1873 by its present proprietor. 
 For the purpose of the business a store and 
 basement of the dimensions of 62x22 feet, 
 located at 75 Bleecker street, is occupied. 
 
 The house deals extensively in hides, calf 
 skins and tallow, and the highest market 
 prices are paid for these articles of commerce. 
 To those having these products to sell this 
 house offers superior advantages, ennabling^ 
 them to obtain quick returns, which would be 
 indefinitely delayed had the goods to be ship- 
 ped to distant markets; and a single hide will 
 be purchased as readily as one hundred. 
 
 Besides the above branch of the business, 
 Mr. Hall deals largely in tanned leather, calf 
 skin, &c., which is manufactured expressly for 
 him at tanneries located at Cedarville. He is 
 
102 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 also agent for tlie Walter A. Wood mowers 
 and reapers. 
 
 Mr. Hall is a native of Fulton county, but 
 has been a resident of this city for ten years. 
 He is so well and favorably known in this 
 community that personal comment at our 
 hands would be superfluous; but of his house 
 we maybe permitted to say, in conclusion, that 
 it has always been conducted upon a policy of 
 fairness and liberality, and the trade will find 
 that business relations once entered upon with 
 it will aiford them advantages difficult to pro- 
 cure elsewhere. 
 
 SIMON & BARNUM, 
 
 General Book Binders and Blank Book 
 Manufacturers, 166 Geneske Street. 
 
 There is nothing which so much adorns an 
 apartment as well as handsomely bound books, 
 and it is to the enterprise of such houses as 
 Simon & Barnum that we are indebted for 
 having such at our disposal. 
 
 The concern was originally founded twelve 
 years ago by Noble & Semple, and after several 
 changes of style to James Noble and Noble 
 & Kelly, was finally constituted as at pres- 
 ent. The premises at the indicated address 
 comprise two floors in all respects adapted to 
 the business, and furnished with all necessary 
 appliances of the best character, including 
 presses, cutters, shears, sawing machines, rul- 
 ing and paging machines, gilding presses 
 and in fact a complete equipment suitable to 
 a first class bookbinding establishment. 
 
 The products of the house include book- 
 binding in all grades and departments, mount- 
 ing, embroidering and embossing, as well as 
 the manufacture of all descriptions of blank 
 books for mercantile and other purposes. 
 
 The work done at this'establishment can in 
 every way be depended on for durability, 
 handsome finish and tastefulness. Both mem- 
 bers of the firm, who are Messrs. Ludwig 
 Simon and Fred E. Barnum, are in all re- 
 spects thoroughly practical men, exercising 
 every care that nothing but the best workman- 
 ship shall emanate from their establishment. 
 In concluding our remarks we will say that 
 the reputation achieved by the work of this 
 house serves for its recommendation, and we 
 call the attention of business men, libraries 
 and the public to the enterprising bookbind- 
 ing concern of Messrs^. Simon & Barnum. 
 
 MOSfllER BROTHERS, 
 
 Jobbers of Teas, Coffees and Spices, 40 
 AND 42 Fayette Street, and 70 and 73 
 Washington Street. 
 
 Probably few things that enter into daily 
 consumption as articles of food, are so hard to 
 obtain of purity and good quality, as are 
 coffee, spices, &c. It is only therefore, by the 
 exercise of care in purchasing, either by the 
 consumer or retailer, that quality can be as- 
 sured. There are in all cities concerns whose 
 reputations for manufacturing only pure and 
 superior goods are well known, and at the same 
 time there are others who are equally well 
 known for opposite characteristics. Among 
 the best known of the first class, no concern 
 in this section bears a better reputation than 
 that of Messrs. Moshier Bros. The goods of 
 this establishment are known throughout 
 Northern New York for their freshness, abso- 
 lute purity and low prices, and customers have 
 the entire satisfaction of knowing that nothing- 
 inferior, or adulterated, will be foisted upon 
 them. This has been the principle upon which 
 this firm conducts the business, and this path 
 has never been deviated from. 
 
 The house was founded in the year 1877, at 
 Salisbury, and by virtue of its increasing trade 
 was transferred to this city in August, 1882. 
 The premises occupied consist of the entire 
 building, which is of the dimensions of about 
 60x50 feet. The coffee-roasting and spice- 
 grinding machinery is located in the basement, 
 and, operated by steam power, is able to turn 
 out large quantities of goods daily. The firm 
 is in possession of ample facilities for produc- 
 ing such articles as they deal in at the lowest 
 market rates, and as they are contented with a 
 reasonable profit, their customers may depend 
 upon it that they cannot obtain goods of equal 
 value at lower figures elsewhere. 
 
 The business of the house, besides coffees 
 and spices and sundry articles, also comprises 
 the manufacture of extracts and perfumes, 
 which can be relied on as of best quality and 
 purest manufacture. The trade of the concern 
 is mainly located in this State, principally in 
 the northern section. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. W. D and Charles Moshier, both na- 
 tives of New York State and residents of Utica, 
 and gentlemen whose thorough knowledge of 
 their business, entitles them to the confidence 
 of the commiinity. 
 
 We would earnestly urge all prudent dealers 
 who desire to put before their customers pure 
 
and unadulterated goods — goods of the 
 mentioned, and at prices as low as impure 
 goods may be obtained for — to make their 
 orders of this house. It will be for their ad- 
 vantage to do so, as the goods offered are all of 
 a character in keeping with the reputation of 
 this establishment. 
 
 Genesee Street. Branch Establishment, 
 Troy, N. Y. McCreary & Shields, Pro- 
 prietors. 
 
 Among the various sources of education, 
 which have a fixed and acknowledged value, 
 a high place must be awarded to business col- 
 leges. In common with other schools, they 
 awaken the mind to the reception of knowledge, 
 and exert a certain disciplinary effect, but 
 their chief and distinguishing value lies in 
 the fact that they immediately prepare the 
 student for an active business career, and send 
 him forth fully equipped to fight the battle of 
 life. Whatever of failure is, or may be as- 
 cribed to them, is not chargeable to their 
 methods or system, but to the lack of brains 
 in duller students who attend them. The 
 good they do is manifested in the thousands of 
 our well-to-do business men and merchants 
 who acquire the first rudiments of commercial 
 experience under their tuition. No boy or 
 youth destined for commercial life, can other- 
 wise be but greatly benefited by the excellent 
 course of instruction these institutions afford. 
 
 The Utica Business College, situated on 
 Genesee street, can fully claim to take rank 
 as one of the best of its kind in the State of 
 New York. Established in the year 1864, it 
 has accomplished a great work, and has be- 
 come one of the steadfast institutions of the 
 city. Mr. H.B.McCreary, who, in conjunction 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. I QS" 
 
 with Mr. T H. Shields, constitutes the pro- 
 prietorship, and has been at its head for years, is 
 a gentleman fully competent to fill the position 
 he occupies. Assisted by four instructors in 
 their respective branches, he is enabled to 
 give a thorough course in book-keeping, pen- 
 manship, business law, short-hand, type writing,, 
 arithmetic, banking, &c. He gives an individ- 
 ual and particular attention to each of his 
 students, and thus is enabled to turn out pro- 
 ficients in as short a time as any contemporary 
 institution. Altogether there is no doubt of 
 the high character of this school, and we can- 
 not fail to commend it to the notice of our 
 readers. Our object is to call the attention of 
 the business men of this city and section, as 
 well as beyond, to the acknowledged excellence 
 of this particular college, and the signal 
 ability of the gentlemen in charge, ample 
 evidence of which is afforded by their past and 
 continued success. Altogether there can be no 
 doubt that the Utica Business College is a val- 
 uable addition to the educational and business 
 advantages possessed by tlie city and county. 
 
 UTICA ORNAMENTAL IRON WORKS, 
 
 L. Dean, Proprietor, 200 Whitesboro 
 
 Street. 
 
 The enterprise conducted under the above 
 title w;as established in the year 1858 and may 
 be said to constitute one of the most unique 
 industries in the city. The working of 
 wrought and cast iron is an old one and from 
 the days of Quentin Matsys, the blacksmith 
 of Antwerp, to the present, is a long stride, 
 and machinery has taken the place of what 
 formerly was achieved bv the hands alone. 
 
 Tlje premises utilized by Mr. Dean consist 
 of four buildings occupying a space of about 
 300 X 300 feet. Here steam power is used and 
 other necessary appliances, and a force of 
 twenty-five workmen is given employment. 
 
 The products of the house consist of orna- 
 mental cast and wrought iron, such as fences, 
 railings, balconies, urns, stable fittings, foun- 
 tains, settees, aquariums, and in fact any- 
 thing that may be constructed of the metal 
 for garden, household and stable furniture. 
 Of the specialties we will mention the combin- 
 ed hay rack, salt dish and manger manu- 
 factured by Mr. Dean, which is a great and 
 useful improvement over similar devices ; also 
 the Andrews' patent hitching bar which is 
 sold by him and which is the most convenient 
 hitching device known, and allows the horse 
 
104 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 to move with freedom, yet prevents him from 
 rubbing, gnawing, or chafing the bridle. It is 
 made of Bessemer steel and malleable iron, and 
 will not break. 
 
 Mr. Dean is a resident of Utica, and is well 
 known to our citizens. He is a gentleman of 
 irreproachable character, and those doing 
 business with him can always depend on the 
 fairest of treatment. 
 
 We take pleasure in calling the attention of 
 our readers to this establishment which for 
 taste of design and excellent workmanship in 
 its manufactures cannot be surpassed. All 
 enquiries will be promptly attended to, and 
 designs and estimates will be forwarded on 
 application to those wishing them. 
 
 DIMON & DISBROW, 
 
 Manufacturers of Ladies' Fine Shoes, 26^ 
 28, 30 AND 33 Liberty Street. 
 
 It is peculiarly a pleasure to us when we 
 have to write of those enterprises which have 
 comparatively lately been established, as noth- 
 ing so much conduces to the advancement and 
 prosperity of a locality, as the formation of 
 new concerns, not only for the good they per- 
 form, in giving employment to an additional 
 number of operatives, but as serving by their 
 example, as pioneers for the further adoption 
 of the locality as a seat of manufacture. 
 
 In keeping with the above remarks we will 
 speak of the house of Dimon & Disbrow, which 
 first came into existence in 1879, under the 
 name of Disbrow & Co., and in the following 
 year adopted its present title. 
 
 The premises occupied comprise three floors, 
 each of the dimensions of 80x70 feet, and are 
 furnished with steam power and the very best 
 procurable tools and appliances for successful- 
 ly manufacturing the best quality of ladies' 
 fine shoes. About eighty skilled operatives 
 are employed in the manufacture; the whole 
 under the immediate supervision of Mr. Dis- 
 brow, who, by virtue of his practical and de- 
 tailed knowledge of the business, is eminently 
 qualified for the work. Both machine and 
 hand-made goods are manufactured, and the 
 trade of the house comprises New York State, 
 Massachusetts, Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, &c. 
 
 The advantages of location in Central New 
 York, where the price of labor is comparatively 
 low, added to the close personal attention and 
 general diminished expenses of manufacture, 
 enable this concern to produce a very fine 
 grade of work at comparatively low prices. 
 
 The individual members of the concern are 
 Messrs. George D. Dimon and Charles I. Dis- 
 brow, both energetic and enterprising gentle- 
 men who are determined to increase the already 
 established reputation of their goods. We 
 would recommend to our readers, both at home 
 and at a distance, that it would be to their ad- 
 vantage to investigate these facts, by placing 
 themselves in communication with this firm, 
 before placing orders elsewhere. 
 
 WILLIAM DENT & SON, 
 
 Utica Novelty Works and Brass Foundry, 
 81 Washington Street. 
 
 One of the most useful industries in the city 
 of Utica is that of the above firm, which first 
 came into existence about thirty-two years 
 ago, under the name of the present senior 
 partner. This style continued until five years 
 ago when the present title of William Dent & 
 Son was adopted. 
 
 For the purposes of the business, convenient 
 premises at the above address are utilized con- 
 sisting of a machine shop of 116x171^ feet in 
 dimensions, as well as foundry adjoining. 
 These are furnished with every appliance 
 suited to the business and operated by steam 
 power. 
 
 A general line of Jobbing of all kinds is done 
 by the firm as well as the making of small 
 ware models for patents, and in fact, anything 
 in the line of smaller metal working. A very 
 extensive business is thus quietly operated 
 extending throughout the State and penetrat- 
 ing as far as Pennsylvania. A specialty of 
 the firm is repairing farming implements and 
 etc., and to this branch of the business par- 
 ticular attention is devoted. 
 
 In addition to the above a large and com- 
 plete stock of machinists' tools and supplies of 
 all kinds are kept on hand, as well as cutlery, 
 &c. Thus it will easily be apparent of the 
 useful character of this enterprise. All work 
 done can be depended on to be thoroughly 
 executed with care and promptness, and at 
 prices satisfactory to all concerned. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. Wil- 
 liam and Matthew F. Dent, the senior member 
 a native of England, but long a resident of 
 Utica. They are both practically acquainted 
 with all departments of their business, and 
 can be in all respects relied upon for the 
 faithful and thorough performance of all 
 work entrusted to them. We call the atten. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 105 
 
 tion of our readers to this house, who will find 
 it in every way to their advantage to consult 
 with them before giving their work elsewhere. 
 
 J. B. McMillan, 
 
 Drugs and Groceries, Genesee Street. 
 
 Purity is perhaps the most essential con- 
 sideration in the production of the above 
 noted articles, and this fact becomes apparent 
 when we reflect to what an extent they are 
 utilized. While this necessity in this age of 
 adulteration is so often lost sight of by pur- 
 chasers and ignored by unscrupulous manu- 
 facturers, it is a pleasure to note a house which, 
 by strict attention to this principle and up- 
 right dealing, has, although but a young 
 establishment, already made a reputation 
 among its contemporaries. 
 
 The business of Mr. J. B. McMillan is the 
 outcoming of the retail department of the 
 business of Messrs. Comstock Brothers & 
 Co., and which was a year ago turned over to 
 its present proprietor. All the advantages 
 derived from the long establishment of its 
 former proprietors has descended to him, and 
 this coupled with his own enterprise and 
 energy, enables him to keep up its former repu- 
 tation and to compete on favorable terms with 
 other contemporary concerns. The stock 
 comprises a full line of all kinds of drugs and 
 groceries, and also the paints and varnishes 
 manufactured by Comstock Bros, of this city. 
 A large trade is done in Utica and also with 
 farmers in the vicinity, who will find their 
 best interests served by dealing with this 
 establishment. 
 
 Mr. McMillan is a native of Utica and has 
 been for many years familiar with the business 
 in all its details, and he was for thirteen years 
 in the employment of W. Sawens & Co., of 
 this city. 
 
 The business is conducted upon strict prin- 
 ciples of equity, and all orders entrusted to 
 the house will receive prompt attention. 
 
 E. C. MILGATE, 
 
 Paper Hangings, Window Shades and 
 Wire Screens, 4 Payette Street. 
 
 While overlooking the various enterprises 
 of this city, we must not evade a considera- 
 tion of those which are concerned in the con 
 veniences and embellishment of our interiors. 
 The business conducted by Mr. Milgate is an 
 
 old established one, having been initiated as 
 far back as 1868, and has, therefore, justly 
 founded its claim to be considered one of the 
 institutions of the city. 
 
 The premises comprise four floors, which 
 are utilized as store and workshops. A 
 full line of paper hangings of all qualities and 
 designs may here be found on hand, as well as 
 cloth shades, fixtures, tassels, &c. These goods 
 are procured direct from the manufactories, 
 and on terms that enables the house to com- 
 pete with contemporary concerns. Another 
 department of the business is the manufacture 
 of wire screens to ordeo- of any size, pattern or 
 design. This is a specialty of Mr. Milgate's 
 and for which he has established a staple repu- 
 tation. 
 
 The trade of the house extends thi-oughout 
 central New York and this has been achieved 
 by the promptness, reliability and general 
 principles of fair trading which has always 
 characterized the business. 
 
 Mr. Milgate is a native of Utica, and is too 
 
 , well known to need any personal comment 
 from us. Suffice it to say, that all transac- 
 tions effected with him will in all cases be 
 found satisfactory. 
 
 UTICA FOUNUERY, 
 
 H. Gilbert Hart & Co., Cornelia Street 
 and Erie Canal. 
 
 If this city does not lay claim to being an 
 iron city it can at least claim to possess found- 
 eries devoted to the production of all kinds of 
 iron eastings necessary for general use. 
 
 In the prosecution of our business we beg 
 to give an account of what the manufactures 
 of this city and county consist of. We are 
 permitted to make a brief sketch of the old 
 Utica fouudery owned and conducted by H. 
 Gilbert Hart & Co., who, in this establishment,' 
 add to the industrial thrift of the community 
 by foundery employment to from twenty to 
 thirty operatives. The plant covers an area of 
 40,000 square feet, and comprises all necessary 
 machinery and appliances suited to the busi- 
 ness. This foundery is one of the very oldest 
 in the State and was established in 1822, the 
 present members of the firm being Messrs. H. 
 Gilbert Hart and T. P. Budlong. 
 
 The products of the establishment consist of 
 the best machinery castings produced at the 
 lowest prices, and they also make to order all 
 kinds of patterns and execute jobbing of 
 every description properly coming under the 
 
106 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 head of general foundery work. The trade of 
 the house is largely local among the manufac- 
 turers of the city and vicinity, and also extends 
 beyond, throughout different sections of the 
 State. The members of the firm are both 
 thoroughly experienced in all details of the 
 business and understand the wants of the 
 trade. 
 
 Thus this house, by reason of its long exist- 
 ence and the upright and honorable manner 
 in which all its dealings are characterized, can 
 fairly claim a place of distinction among the 
 varied interests of the City of Utica. 
 
 ROBERTS, BUTLER & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of and Dealers in Cloth- 
 ing, 54 Genesee Street, and 15 and 17 
 Whitesboro Streets. 
 
 The careful student of the industries of Utica 
 and Oneida county, if he be at all familiar with 
 the subject, cannot fail to recognize the large 
 ■possibilities of the future and the accomplish- 
 ments of the present. To-day, on every hand 
 are seen the evidences of a manufacturing and 
 commercial greatness which in no uncertain 
 voice emphasizes this city as one of the strong 
 links in the great chain of industry which char- 
 acterizes the Empire State. To discover and 
 point out the reason for this, and to spread 
 abroad the knowledge of how this result has been 
 attained, is the object of this work. To place 
 in the hands of capitalists and manufacturers 
 a plain, concise statement of the many advan- 
 tages and claims to consideration which Utica 
 offers to those seeking a favorable location to 
 invest money or engage in business is our aim. 
 Not to laud individuals, but by illustrating 
 what has been done in the past, may foster 
 what may be achieved in the future. 
 
 Many of our enteiprises have attained to 
 coUosal dimensions ; among them none more 
 notably than the firm which is known at pres- 
 ent as Roberts, Butler & Co. This is the pio- 
 neer house in the clothing trade in the city, 
 and was first established thirty years ago by 
 C. A. Yates. It later became Clriifith, Roberts 
 & Butler, and in December 1881, was finally 
 constituted as Roberts, Butler & Co. 
 
 The premises utilized consist of a building 
 of four stories, of the dimensions of 100x33 
 feet, and one of three stories, 100x40 feet in 
 extent. These are provided with steam power 
 which is utilized for cutting, and altogether 
 the very large number of from seven to eight 
 hundred operatives are employed by the firm. 
 
 These annually, of course, turn out enormous 
 quantities of men's, youths' and boys' clothing, 
 of all grades, sizes and descriptions, and the 
 yearly sales result in very large figures. The 
 concern report for the past year a large satis- 
 factory trade, which bids fair to increase with 
 the well-being and prosperity of the country. 
 The advantages which are possessed by the 
 houses which make Utica the seat of their opera- 
 tions are not to be overlooked, and not the least 
 of these is the abundant supply and very mod- 
 erate cost of labor, which is peculiar to this 
 locality. Altogether there can be no doubt 
 that this important house is in every way able 
 to compete with other contemporary concerns 
 in any part of the country. 
 
 The gentlemen composing the firm are 
 Messrs. James Roberts, J. M. Butler, R. H. 
 Wicks and John Peattie. The last named is a 
 native of Scotland, and the others belong to 
 this State. They are too well known to need 
 personal comment from us, and any remarks 
 from us would be out of place. Suffice it to 
 say, that the firm, by virtue of the extent of 
 their operaations, and their long established 
 character for conducting their business by the 
 highest standard of commercial integrity, are 
 in cA'ery way an acquisition to the city, and 
 those firms who should open business transac- 
 tions with them will become permanently 
 connected in relations in the highest degree 
 satifaetory and profitable. 
 
 JOSEPH JOERISSEN, 
 
 Manufacturer of Havana and Domestic 
 Cigars, and Dealer in Leap Tobacco, 
 133 South Street. 
 
 The manufacture of cigars may be said to be 
 one of the leading industries of Utica, and 
 among them the business of the above gentle- 
 man is important, and gives promise of expan- 
 sion, and is therefore entitled to a place in this 
 work. 
 
 The business was origionally established in 
 1859, and the premises at the above address is in 
 every way suited to the manufacture. Fifteen 
 skilled cigar makers are concerned in making 
 the best grades of cigars which have merited 
 the reputation they have firmly established, 
 by their special names of " Plantation," " Club 
 House," "Five per Cents," "Choice," and 
 "Nutcracker." Mr. Joerissen is a practical 
 man himself, and by his close attention and 
 supervision of those under him, is enabled to 
 offer the best guarantee that his goods shall be 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 107 
 
 in everyway perfect, both in quality of tobacco 
 and workmanship. 
 
 Mr. Joerissen is a native of Coblentz, G-er- 
 many, but has been a resident here since 1851, 
 and is a gentleman well known and respected 
 in trade circles. His business extends through- 
 out the northern and central portions of the 
 State, where his goods have a large and ready 
 sale. 
 
 We are assured that if our readers interested 
 wish to do business with a house where their 
 best interests will be served, they will achieve 
 that object by business communication with 
 Mr. Joerissen, who can be depended on as up- 
 right and energetic in all his affairs. 
 
 THE FIRST NATIONAL BANK 
 OF Utica, 90 Genesee Street. 
 
 The First National Bank of Utica, is another 
 of those fiduciary institutions, whose honor- 
 able dealings and sound management, gives 
 character and weight to our monetary system 
 among the financial centers of the continent. 
 The institution is old, having as the Bank of 
 Utica, been in existence since 1813, but it bears 
 not the slightest mark on that account of ruin 
 or decay, and occupies to-day both by reason 
 of its age and the universal sound manner in 
 which its business is conducted, one of the 
 foremost positions among similar institutions 
 in the State. ' 
 
 Originally established as before mentioned, 
 in 1813, it received its charter as a National 
 Bank in 1865. The first president, was Mr. 
 Henry Huntington, and its first cashier was 
 Mr. Montgomery Hunt, the father of Judge 
 Ward Hunt of this city. Some changes in 
 the management have of course transpired 
 during that lengthened period, and its officers 
 to-day are Messrs. P. V.Rogers, Pres., Edward 
 Curran, Vice Pres., and John A. Goodale, 
 Cashier. 
 
 The capital stock of the bank is $600,000, 
 with a surplus account of $130,000. This is 
 exclusive of a much larger surplus in profit 
 and loss account, the amount of which we 
 have no means of ascertaining. The amount 
 of deposits -generally on hand is about 
 $1,000,000. 
 
 Devoted to a legitimate banking business, 
 in loans, discounts and collections, the bank 
 has during its long career established the 
 most favorable relations with some of the 
 principal banking institutions of the country. 
 
 and by means of these, is enabled to make 
 collections upon all points on this continent, in 
 the least possible time. As an index to all 
 we cite the Metropolitan National Bank and 
 First National Bank of New York City, a con- 
 nection with which is a proof of sound man- 
 agement and solvency in the correspondence. 
 In conclusion we will remark that the success 
 of this institution has largely been due to the 
 ability and energy of those who are concerned 
 in its management, and we shall be safe in say- 
 ing that the First National Bankof Utica forms 
 one of the strong links in the chain of sound 
 financial institutions which have aided so 
 materially in fostering and developing the com- 
 mercial and manufacturing importance of 
 Utica. 
 
 P. J. O'REILLY, 
 
 Undertaker, 50 Bleecker Street. 
 
 One of the best arranged and well managed 
 undertaking establishments in this portion of 
 the State, is that which is presided over by 
 the above gentleman, which, during the four 
 years of its existence, has succeeded in estab- 
 lishing a steadfast, reputation for the good 
 taste displayed, as well as to the perfect man- 
 ner in which all its obligations are carried out 
 with the least burden and trouble to those who 
 are oppressed under the weight of their be- 
 reavement. 
 
 At the premises as located, every convenience 
 is provided; the ground floor is in part 
 utilized as a reception room and for the cele- 
 bration of funerals, and can be so arranged 
 that there would be nothing exposed to offend 
 the eye or wound the sensibilities of those 
 present. In the rear of the reception room is 
 the trimming department, and up stairs is 
 the show room for the display of caskets, etc. 
 Above this is utilized for storage purposes. 
 These with a morgue in the ba.sement, alto- 
 gether, constitute as complete and well ar- 
 ranged undertaking establishment as could be 
 desired. 
 
 Mr. O'Reilly, makes a specialty of embalm- 
 ing by the best processes, without the use of 
 ice, and in this branch of his profession has 
 met with the greatest success. 
 
 Mr. O'Reilly is a native of Rochester, but 
 has been a resident of this city since 1879; 
 He is in every way a refined and educated 
 gentleman, possessed of the knowledge of all 
 details of his profession, and exercising in its 
 pursuit every care and solicitude to perform 
 
108 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 his work without making it offensive to those 
 who are compelled to seek his services in their 
 bereavement. 
 
 0. S. FOSTER & BROTHER, 
 
 Manufacturers of Spring Beds, 97 Blan- 
 DiNA Street. 
 
 Among other articles of house furnitare,there 
 are perhaps none which have given scope to 
 more improvement than the manufacture of 
 spring beds. The comfort, durability and 
 cleanliness which are now the main features 
 of these products, leaves but little to desire, 
 and almost perfect appliances of this nature 
 are now the rule in most households. 
 
 In this city 0. S. Foster has been concerned 
 in connection with this branch of business 
 since the year 1871. The present firm was 
 constituted in 1881, and is an outcome of the 
 original house of Segar & Co. 
 
 The premises utilized comprise one floor of 
 the dimensions of 90x30 feet in main building, 
 at the address designated, and two floors in 
 an adjoining building. Steam power is util- 
 ized and all the best and most approved appli- 
 ances suitable to the manufacture of the 
 springs, &c., and a force of from ten to twelve 
 operatives are given employment. 
 
 The house manufactures spring beds of all 
 kinds, some of which have achieved a wide 
 reputation under their respective names. Be- 
 sides, the firm handle extensively woven wire 
 materesses. All these goods are made from 
 the best material and with the greatest care. 
 
 The firm have lately patented a machine for 
 making spiral springs, which is undoubtedly 
 the best contrivance of the kind ever con- 
 structed. In the first place it operates more 
 rapidly than anything of the kind hitherto in 
 use. Again, it accomplishes its work in an 
 absolutely perfect manner, and in knotting 
 the wire, and other necessary manipulations, 
 the risk of breakage is reduced to a minimum. 
 The machines are utilized in the manufacture 
 of all the spring beds made by the concern, 
 and are furnished to those desiring them on 
 an agreed rate of royalty per year. There can 
 be no doubt of the desirability of this in- 
 vention. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises New York, 
 New England, and also the Middle States, 
 where their products have be- 
 come well known for their su- 
 perior merits. 
 
 The individual members of 
 the firm are Messrs. 0. S. and 
 W. S. Foster, both long resi- 
 dents of this city, and gentle- 
 men who, by their practical 
 knowledge of their business, 
 are in every way qualified to 
 its successful prosecution. 
 
 There can be no doubt that 
 the goods manufactured by this 
 house are in every way desir- 
 able, both as regards ingenuity 
 of construction, good work- 
 manship and low prices; and 
 the trade as well as the public 
 will find their interests best 
 served by business communica- 
 tion with this enterprising and prosperous 
 house. Price lists and any required informa- 
 tion are cheerfully furnished by the firm on 
 application. 
 
 S. A. McKOWN, 
 
 Manufacturer of Picture Frames and 
 Looking Glasses, 6 Whitesboro Street. 
 
 It is a relief to us to diverge from the heavier 
 departments of manufactures and commercial, 
 and turn to an industry such as the above, 
 which is devoted to a more decorative branch 
 of enterprise. Mr. McKnown has been for 
 sixteen years concerned in the business of 
 manufacturing picture frames and looking 
 glasses, and at the present time occupies prem- 
 ises at the above address, comprising three 
 floors, of the dimensions of 50x20 feet. Here 
 
THE CFTT OF UTICA. 
 
 109 
 
 a large stock of goods is carried, as well as 
 every facility for making all descriptions of 
 frames of every pattern and style, either to or- 
 der or otherwise, and in which both a whole- 
 sale and retail trade is transacted, extending 
 through the State and often beyond. 
 
 Mr. McKown purchases all his raw material 
 direct from first hands, and being a practical 
 man is in every way eminently qualified to 
 produce these goods at the lowest prices, and 
 of a quality which will bear favorable compe- 
 tition with any in the market. 
 
 Mr. McKown is a native of New York City, 
 but has been a resident here for sixteen years. 
 Personally of him we will make no further 
 comment, but we can assure our readers, both 
 at home and at a distance, that when requiring 
 this class of goods, no better terms and ad- 
 vantages can be secured than from this old es- 
 tablished and reliable house. 
 
 THE UTICA DAILY PRESS, 
 
 Office 7 Broad Street, Opposite Oovern- 
 MENT Building. 
 
 The career of the above newspaper, during 
 its comparatively brief span of existence, offers 
 an example of what can be achieved by deter- 
 mination and enterprise, in conjunction with 
 brains and ability. 
 
 The Utica Daily Press was founded March 
 13, 1882, by a number of Union strikers from 
 the Utica Herald, with a capital of but $2,000. 
 Since the period of its inception it has obtained 
 a hold upon the public mind which has been 
 mainly due to its fearless independence, as 
 well as to its enterprise in being always to the 
 van in obtaining the latest news, and also to 
 the high character of its critiques and literary 
 articles. 
 
 The newspaper has gained additional 
 strength during a recent period, by the acqui- 
 sition of Col. F. A. Eastman, late of Chicago, 
 who now assumes the post of editor. Mr. 
 Geo. E. Dunham is the city editor, Hon John 
 Buckley is treasurer, and Mr. Otto Meyer fills . 
 the post of business manager. 
 
 Over five thousand subscriptions are already 
 entered on the books and the rate for each is 
 six dollars yearly. 
 
 We take pleasure in directing the notice of 
 our readers to this wide-awake journal. It is 
 eminently suited to the wants of the farmer, 
 the mechanic and the business man, and we 
 but anticipate little in predicting that at no 
 distant date it is destined to be the newspaper 
 par excellence of Central New York. 
 
 ALONZO F. MILLER, 
 
 Book-binder and Blank Book Manufac- 
 turer, Government Square, Cor. Broad 
 and John. 
 
 One of the best equipped establishments in 
 Utica, devoted to the book-binding trade and 
 to the manufacture of blank books, is that of 
 the above gentleman. It is located at the 
 above address, and is provided with presses, 
 ruling, gilding and cutting machines, of the 
 best character, enabling work to be produced 
 with dispatch and of the best construction. 
 
 Mr. Miller has been established in business 
 alone for about five years, having for nine years 
 previously been concerned in the same industry 
 in connection with A. J. Purvis, the enterprise 
 being then known as Miller & Purvis. 
 
 Mr. Miller's trade consists of book-binding 
 in all branches, and in which he transacts an 
 extensive business, while he makes, a specialty 
 of the manufacture of all kinds of blank books, 
 such as day books, ledgers, journals, &c. The 
 work here produced can be depended on to 
 wear, and the practical experience of the pro- 
 prietor is brought to bear, that nothing but 
 perfect work shall be produced. 
 
 Mr. Miller is a native of Orange county, but 
 has been a resident of this city for thirty-one 
 years. He is a gentleman who is thoroughly 
 well known, and possesses an experience of his 
 business which a pursuit of it for forty-two 
 years has achieved. 
 
 Thus the best guarantee is afforded to those 
 dealing with him, and we can safely commend 
 him to the trade, the business community and 
 the public, both here in Utica and beyond, as 
 one who can be depended on for promptness, 
 reliability and fair dealing. 
 
 CHAS. C. SHAVER, 
 
 Manufacturer and Jobber of Solid Silver 
 AND Plated Ware, 129 Genesee Street. 
 
 In no branch of industry in the United 
 States has more rapid strides been made than 
 in the manufacture of silver ware. For many 
 years, especially for the finer and more artistic 
 productions, we were compelled to look to 
 Europe for our supply, but to-day American 
 silver and plated ware is superior in excellence 
 of workmanship, beauty of designs and cost of 
 manufacture, to goods made abroad. 
 
 In this city Mr. Chas. C. Shaver has long 
 been identified with the manufecture of this 
 class of goods. He, in conjunction with Mr. 
 
110 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Brown, first established the business in 1851, 
 and he has, since 1863, conducted it alone. 
 He occupies a store and basement of the ad- 
 jacent premises, the latter for manufilcturing 
 purposes. With the assistance of a number of 
 highly skilled operatives, the finest description 
 of solid sterling silver ware is produced, either 
 to order or otherwise. Possessing a large ex- 
 perience in this branch of industrial art, those 
 wishing to procure this class of goods can de- 
 pend that it eaji here be obtained in every way 
 on as favorable terms, both as to price, quality 
 and beauty, as in the larger cities. 
 
 Mr. Shaver, besides the manufacture of solid 
 silver ware, carries a very large stock of the 
 best plated ware, procured direct from the 
 most eminent manufacturers; also, clocks, 
 opera glasses, and other fancy articles, im- 
 ported by him direct. Buying for cash and 
 . selecting his stock with great care, a large bus- 
 iness is transacted, the yearly sales amounting 
 to nearly $50,000. 
 
 Mr. Shaver is a long resident of Utica, hav- 
 ing lived here for over thirty, years. He is a 
 gentleman well known to the better portion of 
 the community, and can in every way be de- 
 pended on for conducting his business on those 
 principles of business integrity, without which 
 no permanent success can be obtained. The 
 business conducted by him is an acquisition to 
 the city and could be duplicated with difficulty 
 in cities many times exceeding this in magni- 
 tude and importance. 
 
 OTTO E. C. GUELICH, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Meat Dealer, 14 
 Liberty Street. 
 
 In writing a detailed account of the indus- 
 tries of Utica, with some mention of those in- 
 dividual enterprises that have conduced so 
 greatly to the benefit of the community, we 
 must not overlook the fact that no little vital- 
 ity has emanated from a trade in meats, that 
 appears to become more and more important 
 annually. In such a connection the business 
 of Mr. Otto E. C. Guelich, which was first es- 
 tablished twenty five years ago, is not un- 
 worthy of mention. 
 
 The premises consist of a store and basement 
 at the above address, a storehouse on Second 
 street, and a slaughter-house at New Hartford. 
 Thus every facility is at hand for successfully 
 carrying on the business. 
 
 Mr. Guelich, besides slaughtering his own 
 Jbeef, has consigned to him from the Wes 
 
 large quantities of Chicago dressed beef. 
 These all come to him in refrigerator cars, 
 and by the nature of his operations he is ena- 
 bled to offer the b&st quality of meats at low- 
 est market rates. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises the city of 
 Utica, besides a considerable trade beyond. 
 In connection with the conduct of the enter- 
 prise about ten men are given employment. 
 
 Mr. Guelich is a native of Denmark, but has 
 been a resident of Utica for about thirty years. 
 By virtue of his long experience and thorough 
 knowledge of his business, his patrons can 
 always depend upon being well served. He 
 bears in the city a reputation for fair dealing 
 and enterprise to which we can add nothing; 
 and those dealing with him will always find 
 that their interests will be well served by bus- 
 iness arrangements with Mr. Guelich, difficult 
 to be elsewhere procured. 
 
 H. G. CLARK & CO., 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Coal, 
 3 Pine Street. • 
 
 In a comprehensive review of the important 
 commercial manufacturing advantages of 
 Utica, the extensive business conducted by 
 Messrs. H. G. Clark & Co., in handling coal 
 the most valuable production of nature's 
 secret laboratory, may well claim a brief men- 
 tion at our hands. Among the many causes 
 which operate to the prosperity of a manufac- 
 turing centre, the price at which coal can be 
 obtained is not by any means the least, and it 
 is well worthy the consideration of those 
 desiring a location for the establishment of 
 new channels of industry that the price of this 
 valuable mineral at this point, compares favor- 
 ably with many other localities. 
 
 Messrs. H. G. Clark & Co., established 
 themselves in the wholesale and retail coal 
 trade of this city in 1871, and are extensive 
 dealers by car-load should it be required, ship- 
 ment being made from the mines to consumers 
 without paying tribute at intermediate points. 
 
 Their facilities for supplying the retail 
 demand embraces yards for storage having a 
 capacity of about 4000 tons, as well as the 
 most intimate relations with the principal 
 producers of Scranton and Lehigh Anthracite 
 Coals, as well as Cumberland and Morris Run 
 Soft Coals. The facilities of the firm are 
 therefore unsurpassed by any contemporary 
 house in the city, and these advantages are 
 placed at the disposal of their customers. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Ill 
 
 About ten men as well as a number of horses 
 and wagons are given employment, and aid in 
 disposing of a verj large amount of the mineral, 
 the sales for the past year exceeding 19,000 
 tons. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. H. G. Clark and Harrison Gilmore. 
 They are both long residents of this city and 
 are well and widely known to the community. 
 They will be found to be prompt, liberal and 
 enterprising gentlemen, never unsolicitous for 
 the benefit of their patrons, and always pre- 
 pared to offer advantages in keeping with such 
 a reputation. 
 
 R. J. KNOX, 
 
 Pine Street Lumber Yard. 
 
 The advantages of Utica as a center of trade 
 have been so fully discussed elsewhere in this 
 work, that it would be superfluous for us to 
 ■enlarge further on the subject, while a brief 
 reference to the lumber trade will convince 
 our readers that no opportunity has been lost 
 by merchants to avail themselves of the facili- 
 ties offered by the city for the receipt and 
 ■distribution of lumber and timber. 
 
 Established thus in the lumber trade we 
 find among others the house of Mr. R. J. Knox 
 a conspicuous one, and supplying a trade both 
 at wholesale and retail, extending throughout 
 the trade radius of the city and the central 
 portion of the State. The business was estab- 
 lished seven years ago here in Utica, but Mr. 
 Knox has been connected with this line of 
 trade for over twenty years, and possesses in 
 an eminent degree a complete knowledge of 
 every detail connected with it. 
 
 The yard is located as above indicated, in 
 addition to another situated at Dean's Dock. 
 At these premises may be found a full and 
 complete stock of pine and hemlock lumber, 
 as well as lath, shingles, fence posts, pickets, 
 &c., which latter as well as all dressed lumber, 
 will be found well seasoned and ready for im- 
 mediate use. 
 
 Employing five hands as well as teams in 
 the prosecution of the business every facility 
 is at hand for promptly filling orders in quan- 
 tities to suit both in wholesale and retail lots. 
 The connections of this house with producers 
 are such as embrace the receipt of all lumber 
 direct from the forests of Canada, Michigan 
 and elsewhere, and the low prices for transpor- 
 tation confer advantages that customers have 
 not been slow to appreciate. 
 
 Mr. Knox is a native of Cayuga county and 
 has been a resident of this city for the past 
 seven years. He has closely identified himself 
 with the commercial advancement of the com- 
 munity, and we think it quite within our 
 province to commend this house to the trade 
 and public, and to assure them that nothing 
 will be left undone to make business transac- 
 tions between it and its customers of a pleas- 
 ant character. 
 
 THE REYNOLDS PATENT LAST CO., 
 Jay Street. 
 
 To successfully achieve the desired results of 
 turning out the best description of work, it is 
 essential that the manufacturer should avail 
 himself of such improvements, in regard to 
 those appliances, as will more easily tend to 
 accomplish this object. This more particularly 
 applies to the manufacturers of boots and shoes 
 as the large amount of rivalry and competition 
 displayed by the different houses affords at 
 once a market for any improvements that may 
 tend to lessen the cost, or better the produc- 
 tion, and it is in connection with these remarks 
 that we draw attention to the establishment of 
 the Reynolds Patent Last Co. 
 
 The concern is but recently organized, and 
 is a co-partnership of Mr. George A. Reynolds, 
 the well known shoe manufacturer of this city, 
 and Mr. E. S. Kingston, formerly of Little 
 Palls, and the inventor of the improvement. 
 
 The premises on Jay street, formerly occu- 
 pied by Wild & Devereux, have been leased, 
 and are now fitted with all necessary appliances 
 and machinery, and a large force of operatives 
 have been engaged. We shall endeavor, with 
 the brief space at oiir disposal, to make clear 
 to our readers the advantages that will be de- 
 rived from the use of this patent last, in pref- 
 erence to the old-fashioned ones now in use. 
 
 In the first place, the material of which the 
 Ijist is constructed is metal, and it is made in 
 two pieces, although it is only utilized as one. 
 It is never necessary to remove the block, and 
 when drawn out of the shoe it contracts so as to 
 leave the upper standing up as though the last 
 had not been withdrawn. It expands itself and 
 therefore, the laster is not delayed in changing 
 it to the required fullness of upper, and it can 
 be withdrawn with the least amount of force, 
 even a pull from an ordinary cotton thread 
 would be sufiicient. It can be utilized so that 
 each last will answer for two widths. 
 
112 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The weight of the last varies from one to 
 two and a half pounds, according to size. The 
 shoe retains its shape in all instances after the 
 last is drawn out, and by its means is lasted in 
 a more perfect manner than by the old methods. 
 
 The second lasting last is nearly of the same 
 construction and can be used upon tlie beveling 
 and heeling machines, following the shoe 
 through the process of manufacture without 
 change at a great saving. 
 
 Another advantage derived is that, owing to 
 the last being constructed of metal, a more 
 perfect uniformity of sizes is guaranteed, as 
 to the well known shrinkage or swelling of 
 wood in wooden lasts, is a constant source of 
 annoyance to the retailer, in not being able to 
 depend on the sizes always being uniform. 
 
 We have said enough of this great improve- 
 ment, to give our readers some faint idea of 
 the desirability of this invention, and to those 
 wishing further particulars, we advise a corre- 
 spondence with the firm. We wish to impress 
 on shoe manufacturers the fact that, notwith- 
 standing these advantages, the prices of these 
 improved lasts will be no higher than those of 
 wood now in use, and thus they will constitute 
 no small means of economy in the production 
 of the goods manufactured. 
 
 The patent is held jointly by Mr. Reynolds 
 and Mr. Kingston, and the firm will also man- 
 ufacture the well known Kingston Last until 
 these new appliances are thoroughly placed in 
 the market. 
 
 There can be no doubt, that as the Reynolds 
 patent last is introduced and appreciated, that 
 it will in a very short time supersede and dis- 
 place all others. The importance of the in- 
 vention is not to be over-estimated, and in the 
 establishment of this industry here, Utica has 
 achieved a valuable addition to her resources. 
 
 J. TA VENDER & CO., 
 
 Manufacturers of Soap and Candles, 227 
 Whitesboro Street. 
 
 By a careful examination of the commercial 
 facilities enjoyed by this city, we find that 
 among its contemporaries, the house of J. 
 Taveuder & Co. is entitled to special mention. 
 The business is of long origin and was founded 
 in the year 1840, by a Mr. Calhoun. It was 
 then operated by James S. Kirk & Co. Mr. Kirk 
 removed to Chicago, and has since become 
 the largest manufacturer of the Jcind in the 
 United States. The Utica firm was continued 
 
 as Heath & Tavender, and finally, in 1882, the 
 firm was constituted as at present. 
 
 The premises utilized comprise an office and 
 a warehouse, at the above address, and a melt- 
 ing house, operated by steam power, at Deer- 
 field. A number of operatives are employed 
 in producing different grades of soaps and 
 mould tallow candles. These are of the best 
 quality and are favorably known throughout 
 Central New York. The brands are designat- 
 ed "U. T. K.," "Crown Family," and 
 " Beaver." Besides these the firm manufac- 
 ture fulling and scouring soaps, and a full 
 line of tallow candles. By virtue of the long 
 experience possessed by the members of the 
 concern, the house are in every way qualified 
 to produce the best goods at lowest rates. 
 
 The individual members of the concern are 
 Joshua Tavender, Dennis T. Kelly and Walter 
 J. Tavender. These gentlemen are all resi- 
 dents of Utica, and have been long identified 
 with the manufacturing interests of the city. 
 
 We cordially commend this firm to the trad* 
 as one with which to satisfactorily enter into 
 business relations, assuring them at the same 
 time that they will receive that liberal treat- 
 ment which has always characterized its oper- 
 ations. 
 
 WILLIAM WILSEY, 
 Manufacturer of Brick, Deerfield. 
 
 The antiquity of this branch of manufactur- 
 ing industry, is such that the eai-lies-t records 
 of its mode of manufacture are lost in obscurity 
 But little change has been made, either in the 
 material used or in the form of the brick, but 
 machinery has here come into operation, as it 
 has in almost every other product, for the 
 quicker and better production of the article. 
 
 The above business was originally established 
 in 1855, by William Brazie, and was succeeded 
 to by its present incumbent, about fifteen year 
 ago. 
 
 The plant employed in the manufacture of 
 brick covers a space of about two acres, and 
 consists of the latest and best machinery but 
 lately put in by Mr. Wilsey, for the better pro- 
 duction of the goods which are of the grade 
 known as a good common brick. About 
 eighteen acres are utilized as a source of supply 
 for drawing the clay, and about thirty men 
 and seven teams are given employment in con- 
 nection with the enterprise. Every care is 
 taken in the production of these necessary 
 articles of commerce, and Mr. Wilsey is in 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 lis 
 
 every way able to enter into competition, both 
 •as to price and quality, with other contempo- 
 rary houses in this part of the country. 
 
 Mr. Wilsey is a native of Utica and is in 
 every way a thoroughly practical man in his 
 business, and a gentleman who has always borne 
 the best of reputation for the honorable and 
 upright manner by which his affairs are con" 
 ducted. 
 
 To the building trade and the public in gen- 
 eral, we can m every way commend this con- 
 cern as one that can be depended on, both for 
 quality of goods and for the principles of fair 
 dealing, with which all its operations are dis- 
 tinguished. 
 
 G. W. STEVENS, 
 
 Dealer in Cigars, Tobaccos, Periodicals 
 AND Novelties, cor. of Genesee and 
 Columbia Streets and cor. of Genesee 
 AND Seneca Streets. 
 
 It is a matter of great importance to the 
 smoker that he should be informed of such 
 places, where he can at all times be sure of 
 being supplied with the best cigars and to- 
 baccos it moderate prices. Nothing to the 
 majority of the male sex is more enjoyable than 
 a good cigar, and on the other hand nothing 
 is so detestable both to himself and his sur- 
 roundings, as a bad cigar. In this city the 
 establishments of Mr. G. W. Stevens, which 
 are located at the above addresses, can be en- 
 tirely depended on as fulfilling in all particu- 
 lars these requirements. 
 
 Mr. Stevens first established his business 
 here about five years ago, having previously 
 been connected with circus and theatrical 
 circles. His stores fronting on Genesee, and 
 Columbia and Seneca streets, are furnished 
 with an exceedingly judicious and varied assort- 
 ment of cigars and tobaccos of the best brands 
 and manufacture, as well as periodicals, 
 stationery, novelties, etc. Among other special- 
 ties we must notice those of Richmond & 
 Covington Plug Tobaccos, also Thurber's, 
 Stratton & Storms cigars, and also the 
 celebrated Hermance, Key West cigars. 
 Besides these Mr. Stevens has on hand all the 
 best brands of smoking and chewing tobaccos. 
 
 Mr. Stevens buys all his goods for cash, and 
 is determined to merit patronage by supplying 
 the best five and ten cent cigar for the least 
 money, giving full value to his customers, and 
 deriving in compensation extensive sales 
 rather than large profits. This mode of pro- 
 
 ceedure has earned for him, a large and 
 increasing trade, not only in the city, but from 
 the surrounding towns and villages. 
 
 Mr. Stevens is a native of Milan, Ohio, but 
 has been fifteen years a resident in Utica. He 
 has become known to the community for fair 
 dealing, and for never trying to push out to 
 his patrons a poor grade of goods, but invariably 
 to so act, as to gain a large custom, and what 
 is more important to hold it after it is once 
 procured. We can in every way commend 
 this house to our citizens both at home and 
 abroad, assured as we are that no where else in 
 the county can they find offered better advan- 
 tages and inducements. 
 
 THE CARTON FURNACE CO., 
 
 Manufacturers of the "Carton" Hot 
 Air Furnaces, 32 & 34 Fayette Street, 
 
 Nowhere in the world have greater advances 
 been made with regard to the heating of 
 public buildings and private dwellings, than 
 in the United States. This has been achieved 
 by long and scientific research, large experi- 
 ence and much application. The different 
 modes of heating have each their advocates, 
 some still cling to the grate or stove, and others 
 are in favor of steam heating, but it seems at 
 last clearly established, that hot-air furnaces 
 with all their latest improvements is on the 
 whole the cheapest, safest and most desirable 
 mode of obtaining.warmth. The city of Utica 
 is the theatre of manufacture of a hot-air 
 furnace, which, we believe, has fully estab- 
 lished its right to take a foremost place in the 
 ranks of similar contrivances. 
 
 The Carton Furnace Company is the 
 outgrowth of the original old established house 
 of John Carton, of this city. 
 
 The premises of the Co. consist of sample 
 room and offices at the address as above indi- 
 cated, and the foundery, which is located on 
 Rome street, corner of the Erie canal. This 
 comprises two brick buildings, one of three 
 stories, of the dimeiisions of 80x65, and 
 another of one floor, 90x30. These are pro- 
 vided with steam power and everything of the 
 I latest and best character suited to the business. 
 At the"present time about thirty-five operatives 
 are employed, but owing to the rapidly 
 increasing demand for these furnaces, the 
 house is about to very much enlarge their op- 
 erations whieh will entail the probable doubling^ 
 of their force of employees. 
 
114 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 The furnaces manufactured by the concern, 
 are made in ten sizes, either portable or in 
 brick form, and have had a phenomenal suc- 
 cess all over the country. This has been 
 wholly due to the advantages that these con- 
 trivances possess in a marked degree over 
 many others, by reason of their better con- 
 struction on scientific principles, and the care 
 that is exercised in their manufacture. We 
 are compelled from want of space to refrain 
 from going into detail with regard to the par- 
 ticular and minute peculiarities of these goods, 
 but those concerned in the heating of churches, 
 stores, schools, public buildings, as well as 
 private householders, can by communication 
 with the house, receive all particulars as well as 
 estimates if required, and a reference to the 
 nearest agent should one be located in the 
 vicinity. 
 
 In a work of this character, it is not well 
 for us to make invidious comparisons with re- 
 gard to the different concerns in our midst, 
 but on the other hand it is our duty to do full 
 justice to each individual enterprise, and we 
 are not exceeding our province inthus dwelling 
 on the marked advantages of the goods manu- 
 factured by The Carton Furnace Co. 
 
 COZZENS BROS., 
 
 United States Steam Carpet Cleaning 
 Works, Erie Street. 
 
 It IS a source of pleasure to us when we are 
 enabled to direct the attention of our readers 
 to such enterprises as tend to increase the com- 
 fort and cleanliness of our homes. Nothing 
 gives a more untidy ai:»pearance than carpets 
 full of dust and 'needing repair, and when 
 these can be renovated at a minimum of cost 
 and trouble, there should be no excuse if they 
 are suffered to remain in that state. 
 
 Messrs. Cozzens Bros., established their busi- 
 ness in Utica in the current year, and their 
 premises are located at the above address. 
 These are are provided with the best appliances 
 for thoroughly doing the work without 
 injuring the fabric. No destructive ropes or 
 sticks are used, but the dust is shaken out by 
 means of a revolving wheel which gives a drop 
 of twelve feet to the carpet, and which by 
 these means are more thoroughly cleaned and 
 are not in the slightest degree injured in the 
 operation. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. H. 0. and C. C. Cozzerfs who came 
 here recently from Troy, and who may be 
 
 said to be in every way practical men in their 
 knowledge of their business. All work is' 
 done under their immediate supervision, which 
 affords the best guarantee that all work will 
 leave the establishment in perfect condition. 
 
 A number of receiving points are distributed 
 over the city and* suburbs where orders can be 
 left. At the present time they are located 
 as follows : M. B. DcLong, 12 to 20 Catharine 
 Street ; Saltsman & Son, 328 Genesee Street ; 
 Buckley & Co., 81 and 83 Genesee Street; 
 American Express Office, Devereux Block; 
 Hitchcock's Express, Whitesboro and N. Y; 
 Mills; Hitchcock's Express, New Hartford. 
 The cartage is free, and the prices are as per 
 the following tariff: 
 
 Ingrain 4 cents per yard ; velvet 6 cents per 
 yard ; brussels 5 cents per yard ; melton 7 cents 
 per yard; mouquette and Axminister 9 cents 
 per yard. Orders can also be sent by mail or 
 telephone to the office of S, W. Sherman, box 
 manufacturer. 
 
 This neccessarily brief sketch does but 
 scant justice to the services of the establishment, 
 however, we are sure, that all transactions 
 with Messrs. Cozzens Bros., will be found to 
 be conducted by them on principles of mod- 
 erate changes, fair dealing and prompt and 
 thorough discharge of all obligations incurred. 
 
 B. WILSON, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Paper 
 AND Rags, 31 and 33 Columbia Street. 
 
 Probably of all branches of business there 
 are none which to such an extent enters into 
 intimate connection with all others as that of 
 the paper trade. Books, wrapping paper, &c., 
 are required for all, and for this reason an es- 
 tablishment like that of Mr. Wilson is of the 
 utmost importance. 
 
 The house was first initiated eleven years 
 ago as Griffith & Wilson, and three years later 
 Mr. Wilson assumed the entire proprietorship. 
 
 The premises at the address indicated com- 
 prise two stores and basement, 75x40 feet in 
 dimensions, and serves as salesroom and for 
 storage of a very large stock of paper of all 
 kinds, blank books, twine, &c. These are 
 sold both at wholesale and retail, from the 
 smallest quantity to the car load. The facili- 
 ties possessed by the proprietor enables him 
 to buy direct from the manufacturers for cash, 
 and to offer them at the lowest prices. A 
 very large trade is transacted, employing from 
 /line to twelve assistants, two traveling sales- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 115 
 
 men and four horses and wagons, and extend- 
 ing throughout the State. 
 
 Mr. Wilson also deals largely in old rags 
 and paper which he is at all times prepared to 
 purchase in any quantity for cash, and to 
 remove at the shortest notice. 
 
 Carrying one of the largest stocks in this sec- 
 tion of the State, and possessed of every facil- 
 ity for conducting his business to advantage, 
 our readers will find it to their advantage to 
 effect transactions with this house, who can 
 offer advantages difficult elsewhere to du- 
 plicate. 
 
 Mr. B. Wilson is long resident of this city, 
 and possesses complete knowledge of his 
 business, acquired by long experience, while 
 conducting his enterprise on those principles 
 of commercial policy which are the secret 
 means of permanent success. 
 
 D. J. CUSHMAN, 
 
 Manufacturing and Wholesale Clothier, 
 29 and 31 John Street. 
 
 The advantages which are possessed by the 
 city of Utica as a manufacturing center are 
 not to be surpassed elsewhere, and this is par- 
 ticularly true with regard to the manufactur- 
 ing clothing interest, and has resulted in the 
 establishment of large houses, the number 
 and operations of which are yearly being in- 
 creased. Skilled female labor is abundant, 
 and is also of a superior kind, inasmuch as 
 the work is mainly executed at the houses of 
 the employees, and this naturally enlists a 
 class of operatives higher in intelligence and 
 in the social scale, than is generally afforded 
 by those compelled to endure the inconven- 
 iences and objectionable features incident to 
 working in large factories. 
 
 Among houses largely concerned in this 
 branch of manufacture, we will call the atten- 
 tion of our readers to that presided over by 
 Mr. D. J. Cushman, who first commenced op- 
 erations in the year 1878. The premises util- 
 ized is known as the Reynolds block, and com- 
 prises five stories of large dimensions and 
 which are fitted up with every conceivable 
 and important appliance suitable to the busi- 
 ness. Steam power is utilized for cutting and 
 sponging, and an ingeniously contrived ma- 
 chine is used for examining and measuring, 
 and is the only one of its kind in the city. 
 Everything is arranged according to system, 
 and the various departments of examining, 
 measuring, sponging, marking, cutting and 
 
 trimming are executed on the premises, and is 
 then sent out to be made up and finished. In 
 connection with the business about five hun- 
 dred hands are given employment in the pro- 
 duction of a full and complete line of mens', 
 youth's, boy's and children's clothing of all 
 grades, patterns and sizes suitable to a trade 
 which extends throughout the entire country. 
 
 Every care is taken that the goods shall be 
 of a superior character, and all work is thor- 
 oughly supervised and examined before leav- 
 ing the premises. The sole proprietor of the 
 business is Mr. D. J. Cushman, a native of 
 Otsego county, but who has been a resident of 
 Utica for fifteen years. He is a gentleman 
 well known to the community for his energy 
 and enterprise, which has been exemplified by 
 his success in a business which but a few years 
 ago was new to him, but which under his di- 
 rection has succeeded in achieving a stability 
 and prosperity second to none other in this 
 locality. 
 
 The trade can in all instances depend on 
 the products of this house as to quality of 
 goods and the prices at which they are placed 
 on the market, and we are doing it but that 
 simple justice in our columns which transac- 
 tions entered into with it will fully bear out. 
 
 HOTEL ZUBLIN, 
 
 Hotel and Restaurant, 6 and 8 Fayette 
 Street, near the Opera House. 
 
 The above establishment, during the period 
 which has elapsed since its inception, has be- 
 come one of the instituttions of Utica. Mr. 
 R. D. Zublin, the proprietor, realizing the 
 necessity of supplying a long felt want, viz., a 
 restaurant in Utica that should be first-class in 
 every respect, opened this establishment and 
 results have fully demonstrated that his views 
 were correct. 
 
 While the hotel accommodation is compara- 
 tively limited, every effort is made to make the 
 restaurant attractive. The appointments of 
 the establishment will be found everything that 
 can be desired. It is handsomely fitted up and 
 is served by prompt, attentive and polite waiters 
 who are at all times solicitous of the wants of 
 patrons. 
 
 We are thus able to assure our readers, both 
 at home and abroad, that nowhere in the city 
 can meals be served better than at " Zublin's." 
 It is conveniently located, but a step from 
 Genesee street, the heart of the business quarter 
 of the city, and is especially handy for ladies 
 
116 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 from out of town who may come to Utica to 
 make purchases. It is also conveniently located 
 for suppers after the performances at the Opera 
 House. It is conducted in the best manner 
 and first-class in all details. 
 
 CHAS. H. SCHILLER, 
 
 Watchmaker and Jeweler, 173 and 175 
 Genesee Street. 
 
 The business of the above gentleman, which 
 has but lately removed to its present address, 
 from its site adjacent to old post-office, was 
 first established in the year 1877. Since that 
 time its increase had become so marked that 
 Mr. Schiller realized the necessity of obtaining 
 
 a more ambitious location. This finally re- 
 sulted in his leasing a portion of Mr. Buck- 
 ingham's new store, which together constit- 
 tutes, beyond any question, the handsomest 
 establishment not only in Utica, but elsewhere 
 in.Central New York. 
 
 The appointments and decorations are of the 
 most perfect description for the display of the 
 stock, which comprises watches of both foreign 
 and domestic manufacture, a large and beauti- 
 ful selection of fine jewelry, solid silver and 
 plated ware, French clocks, and an unusually 
 large and splendid collection of diamonds and 
 precious stones. All these goods arc admirably 
 selected, and by their diversity and beauty, 
 render it as easy to select here the finest of 
 
 goods as could be offered by the best houses of 
 New York and other large cities. Indeed, it 
 is rarely that even in those places is so large 
 and valuable an assortment to be found, as is 
 kept in stock by Mr. Schiller. His trade is 
 not confined to this city and surrounding 
 towns, but orders are receceived from all over 
 the country, even from the far West and Pacific 
 States. 
 
 Mr. Schiller is a native of Germany, but has 
 for many years been a resident of this city. 
 His reputation for fair trading has long been 
 firmly established, and his knowledge of every 
 detail of his business has been signally demon- 
 strated. We are assured that all dealings with 
 him will be found in all cases eminently satis- 
 factory, resulting in mutual advantage to those 
 concerned. 
 
 R. GEORGE HOERLEIN, 
 Merchant Tailor, 5 Fayette Street. 
 
 It may not be uninteresting to the masculine 
 reader of this work to receive some information 
 pertaining to the matter of attire, for "the 
 apparel oft' proclaims the man," which may 
 result in future advantage. 
 
 The business of Mr. R. G. Hoerlein was es- 
 tablished four years ago, and has since been 
 conducted by him with yearly increasing suc- 
 cess. The liberality and enterprise which has 
 made for it an established reputation, have 
 also made it one of the most popular merchant- 
 tailoring establishments in the county. Loca- 
 ted at 5 Fayette street, in a very convenient 
 and central location, the business is devoted 
 exclusively to the manufacture of fine Custom 
 Clothing. About sixteen employes, expert in 
 their various departments, are employed by 
 Mr. Hoerlein, who supervises every detail with 
 a solicitude and experience that evinces per- 
 fection, and a product so tasteful as to defy 
 criticism 
 
 The sole proprietor of the business, Mr. R. 
 G. Hoerlein, is a native of this city, and has 
 acquired that perfect knowledge of business 
 which affords the best guarantee of success. 
 
 By virtue of the practical experience of the 
 proprietor, the wide range which is afforded 
 for selection at this house, and innumerable 
 variety of the best class of foreign fabrics 
 shown, and which are imported dii-ect for Mr. 
 Hoerlein, it is an easy task and pleasant to se- 
 lect here the most fitting materials which enter 
 into the manufacture of a gentleman's attire. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 117 
 
 Those both in Utica and from elsewhere, 
 who should conclude to deal at this establish- 
 ment, may therefore depend upon perfect fit, 
 choice and tasteful fabrics, elegant styles and 
 perfect finish, while the prices are governed by 
 a sense of moderation for which the concern 
 has a thoroughly established repute. 
 
 JOHNSON & PARKER, 
 
 Machine Shop, Foundry and Boiler 
 Works, cor. Park avenue and Main 
 Street. 
 
 The ingenious mechanism which has been 
 devised to perform the work of human hands, 
 and the rapidity and perfection attained in the 
 operation of such machinery, is a constant mat- 
 ter of surprise. Appliances and machines de- 
 signed and adapted to almost every purpose, so 
 perfect and uniform in their operations that 
 human skill cannot rival them, have com- 
 pletely revolutionized maufacturmg in all its 
 branches, and there, instead of robbing the 
 operative, has mate'-ially improved his condi- 
 tion and increased his opportunities of earning 
 a living. , 
 
 The business of Messrs. Johnson & Parker is 
 an exemplification of these remarks, and also 
 is a valuable institution illustrating the advan- 
 tages derived by a location for manufacturing 
 offered at this city, the enterprise being the 
 the outcome of an old one established in 1837, 
 at Trenton, and removed here, owing to the 
 better facilities obtainable. In October 1882, 
 a partnership was formed between Mr. N. A. 
 Johnson and J, H. Parker, the original propri- 
 etors of the business at Trenton, under the 
 name of Johnson & Parker, for the purpose of 
 manufacturing all kinds of machinery, includ- 
 ing mill machines, jack-screws, pulleys, bark 
 mills, corn crackers, steam engines and boilers. 
 The premises occupied are admii-ably suita- 
 ble for the work ; both steam and water power 
 are used, the latter being derived from waste 
 water from the Erie Canal and costing noth- 
 ing, materially lessening expenses. The latest 
 and best tools and appliances are utilized, and 
 a corps of fifteen highly skilled operatives, the 
 whole under the practical supervision of Mr. 
 Parker, produce the work. The firm are soon 
 about to considerably enlarge both their opera- 
 tions and force of employes, owing to the in- 
 creased demand for their productions. Noth- 
 ing but the best of material is used, and pains 
 are taken that all work shall leave the estab- 
 lishment perfect in all respects. 
 
 The trade of the house embraces the whole 
 of the United States, and goods are also ex- 
 ported to Canada. The individual members of 
 the firm, Messrs. N. A. Johnson and J. H. Par- 
 ker, are gentlemen eminently calculated to suc- 
 cessfully conduct their enterprise. All trans- 
 actions with the firm can be depended on for 
 promptness, reliability and the strictest princi- 
 ples of business probity, and the city of Utica 
 can thus be congratulated for having in its 
 midst another enterprising and pushing con- 
 cern, contributing to its wealth and prosperity. 
 
 W. F. BOYNTON, 
 
 Wholesale Dealer in Hats, Caps, Furs, 
 Umbrellas and Straw Goods, 33, 34 
 AND 36 Hotel Street. 
 
 One of the most enterprising firms connected 
 with the wholesale and jobbing trade of Utica, 
 and the only wholesale hat business in the city, 
 is that of Mr. W. F. Boynton. The concern 
 was originally founded in 1876, as Hobbie & 
 Boynton, and finally in 1878 the entire business 
 was assumed by the present proprietor. 
 
 Mr. Boynton has lately removed from his 
 former location on Genesee street, to more 
 commodious and- convenient premises, on the 
 site of the old post office. These consist of 
 three stores thrown into one, of the dimensions 
 of about sixty feet square. Here can be found 
 a very full and complete stock of hats, caps, 
 straw goods, umbrellas, trunks, satchels, etc., 
 comprising a full line of goods suitable to the 
 market. 
 
 The trade of the house is mainly located in 
 this State and Pennsylvania, and is represented 
 by a number of commercial travelers. 
 
 Mr. Boynton in all cases buys his goods 
 direct from the manufacturers and in large 
 quantities. This coupled with the advantages 
 of central location, added to a perfect knowl- 
 edge of all details of his business and the wants 
 of the trade, enables him to compete on the 
 most favorable terms with other houses in the 
 same line of business. All orders are promptly 
 filled, and it is the endeavor of the concern to 
 merit, by the strictest principles of business 
 integrity and fair dealing, a continuance of the 
 support it has already enjoyed. 
 
 Mr. Boynton is a native of Connecticut, and 
 was concerned in the hat trade in New York 
 city for nine years. He came to Utica in 1876 
 when the business was first established. Thus 
 possessing everything required to enable him 
 to successfully conduct his entetprise, he is in 
 
118 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 every way to be relied on, and those entering 
 on business relations with this house will inva- 
 riably find all transactions satisfactory. 
 
 E. D. BUCKINGHAM, 
 
 Music and the Fine Arts, Emporium 173 
 AND 175 Genesee Street. 
 
 The musical tastes of a community are a 
 sure index of its refinement and culture, and 
 we are «afe m a>-'<ertingthat in no city of equal 
 raagnitudt i tins m ip ( \ i lent th ni r f L tir i 
 
 He has lately entered into possession of his 
 new store, which is located as above indicated, 
 and which undoubtedly constitutes one of the 
 best appointed and beautiful music and art 
 stores in the country. It is fitted up in a most 
 artistic manner, evidently with but little re- 
 gard to expense. The retail department is 
 located on one side of the front part of the 
 store, Mr. Schiller, the jeweler, occupying the 
 other side. Farther back is located the office, 
 and in the rear of this is the extensive music 
 looms where a complete stock of pianos and 
 lo-ms of thp V IV hpst manufactures are kept 
 
 This city possesses in a marked degree in its 
 establishments every facility for fostering the 
 aesthetic tastes of the community, and it is in 
 a large measure due to houses of which that 
 of Mr. Buckingham serves as a prominent 
 type that these to be desired results have been 
 attained. 
 
 Mr. Buckingham has been established as a 
 manufacturer and dealer in musical instru- 
 ments and objects d' art, for a period of thirty- 
 five years, and during that time his enterprise 
 has steadily advanced in importance until it 
 has culminated in achieving a position in his 
 special branch of trade not to be excelled by 
 any other similar establishment in the State. 
 
 on hand. Opening out from this, and ap- 
 proached by a handsome stairway is an ex- 
 tremely beautiful apartment utilized as an art 
 gallery, and where may be found a very choice 
 collection of engravings, oil paintings, &c. 
 This will be used as occasion may arise for the 
 exhibition of art collections, and already Scott, 
 the celebrated collector has arranged to bring 
 here a collection at no far distant date. An- 
 other room is devoted to the exhibition of ob- 
 jects d' art, brie- a brae, &c. In addition to 
 these there are packing rooms and workshops 
 for the manufacture of picture frames, in 
 which Mr. Buckingham transacts an extensive 
 business. Altogether the establishment is per- 
 
THE CITY OF VTICA. 
 
 feet, and since its opening has been the admi- 
 ration of all who have visited it. 
 
 We wish to call the attention of our readers 
 to "The Buckingham Cabinet Grand," which 
 is entirely new scale, producing larger and fuller 
 tone without impairing the quality, and will 
 stand in tune longer than any other Piano 
 made. There has been a great difference of 
 opinion as to the relative merits of Grand, 
 Square and Upright Pianos. Some declare 
 that both the former styles are superior to the 
 Upright in every respect. It can safely be 
 asserted, on the contrary, that the Upright, in 
 regard to tone, volume and sweetness, as well 
 as with regard to durability and capacity for 
 standing well m tune, is superior to the Square. 
 At the same time the Upright takes up very 
 little space and can be moved about the room 
 as easily as a sofa or other piece of furniture. 
 
 Mr. Buckingham is a gentleman who is well 
 known to all our best citizens and has dis- 
 tinctly proved that he is possessed of a spirit 
 of enterprise that cannot but lead to increased 
 success in the future. Thoroughly acquainted 
 with every detail of his business and the re- 
 quirements of his patrons, we are persuaded 
 that his efforts will meet with that apprecia- 
 tion that he has done so much to merit. 
 
 Thus we are in every way justified in calling 
 the attention of our readers at home and espe- 
 cially our country cousins to the unique estab- 
 lishment of Mr. Buckingham. To the latter 
 we commend it as the attraction par excellence 
 of the city, presenting as it does, for variety 
 and beauty of its wares as well as for its gen- 
 eral appointment, the most remarkable empo- 
 rium of its kind in the State. 
 
 CURTISS & CHILDS, 
 
 General Jobbing and Commercial Print- 
 ers, 167 Genesee Street. 
 
 A house that has justly earned an estab- 
 lished reputation for the production of the 
 best class of work connected with the typo- 
 graphical art, is that of the above firm. It 
 was originally established in November, 1863, 
 by Childs & Williams. In 1863 Mr. Childs 
 became sole proprietor and continued the 
 business in his own name until May, 1866, 
 when a copartnership was formed with Mr. 
 H. H. Curtiss, under the firm name of Curtiss 
 & Childs. Mr. Curtiss had carried on the 
 business of job printing in this city since 
 1843 His first enterprise was as a member of 
 the firm of Roberts & Curtiss, which had but 
 
 119 
 
 a brief duration. He then established and 
 conducted a business under his own name up 
 to 1851, when he entered into business relations 
 with the late David P. White, as Curtiss & 
 White, which continued until January, 1866. 
 Mr. Curtiss, at that time, sold his interest to 
 Mr. White, and later in the same year formed, 
 as before stated, his present connection. 
 
 The firm occupy two floors at the indicated 
 address, one of 100 x 24 feet and one 50 x 25 
 feet, and plans are perfected to add another 
 floor of equal dimensions of the former to 
 their present quarters. These are equipped 
 with seven presses— three cylinders, four job- 
 bers, a power bronzer for label printing, and a 
 full complement of the very best of other ap- 
 pliances and machinery suited to the business. 
 
 No printing establishment in Central New 
 York can boast of greater perfection as re- 
 gards the printing trade than that of this firm. 
 Eighteen to twenty-five employes are kept 
 busy in turning out the best class of fine job 
 and book printing, and indeed the facilities 
 of the establishment are fully equal to any de- 
 mands that may be made upon it, although 
 the specialty of the house is illustrated cata- 
 logue, fine pamphlet and book work. 
 
 The members of the firm are well known to 
 the entire community as gentlemen possessing 
 a complete knowledge of their business. Mr. 
 Childs, who assumes personally the active 
 management, is, in every way, a thoroughly 
 practical man and accomplished printer. A 
 very large business is transacted both in Utica 
 and throughout the northern and central 
 sections of the State. The reputation which 
 the superior character of the work executed 
 has earned leaves us but little to enhance. 
 We can. however, say that by personal knowl- 
 edge we are in a position to testify to these 
 facts. This publication has been printed by 
 them and our relations with the firm enable 
 us to assure our readers that they are conduct- 
 ing an enterprise which, in every way, is in 
 keeping with the other important industries 
 of the city. 
 
 WM. A. EVERTS, 
 
 Star Coal Yard, cor. Payette and Fay 
 Streets, Office 131i^ Genesee Street. 
 
 The enormous growth of the coal trade of 
 this country is hardly less wonderful than the 
 progress made in mechanical industry, and each 
 has been a prime factor in the development of 
 the other. In 1830 less than two thousand tons 
 
120 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 of coal were mined in Pennsylvania, while to- 
 day there are but eleven States in the Union 
 which do not produce a far greater quantity, 
 and Pennsylvania stands at the head with an 
 annual product of over thirty million tons of 
 the mineral. In Utica the coal trade is ably 
 represented by a number of responsible houses, 
 and among them that of Wm. A. Everts occu- 
 pies the most prominent place. 
 
 Mr. Everts is very largely concerned in this 
 industry, disposing of yearly about 25,000 
 tons of coal. This consists mainly of anthra- 
 cite, of the very best quality, as well as some of 
 the best known soft coals. The coal mined by 
 the Delaware & Hudson Canal Co., and the 
 Scranton, of the Delaware, Lackawana & 
 Western Co., have long been before the public, 
 and are well known for their merits. 
 
 In soft coal, the Snow Shoe is the very best 
 for steam purposes, and has long borne a high 
 record ; and for blacksmiths' use the Cumber- 
 land coal cannot be equalled. 
 
 The office and yard of the firm are located 
 at the above address, where every facility is at 
 hand for handling the coal conveniently. AH 
 of the best of hoisting and transferring ap- 
 pointments are in use, and about thirty men 
 and twelve teams are given employment in con- 
 nection with the enterprise. The house has 
 conveniences for the holding in stock of about 
 4,000 tons, thus ensuring to its customers a 
 prompt delivery of o;.-ders in all cases. 
 
 The business was established in 1877, since 
 which time the success which it has attained 
 has endowed it with a well deserved prosperity, 
 gained mainly by the universally strict princi- 
 ples of business integrity which has been its 
 distinguishing feature from its inception. 
 
 Mr. Everts is a native of Broome county, but 
 has been a resident of Utica for the past forty 
 years. No one is better known or more re- 
 spected by its citizens, and we are assured 
 that all transactions with Mr. Everts will in all 
 instances be found entirely satisfactory. 
 
 HUB LEY BROTHERS, 
 
 Wholesale Dealers in Graded Woolen 
 Rags, Paper Stock, Old Metals, Rub- 
 bers, &c., 17 Meadow Street. 
 
 The utilitarian tendencies of the age find 
 strong expression and development in the way 
 of utilizing for useful purposes articles that in 
 former days used to be thrown away or de 
 stroyed, as possessing no value whatever. 
 From the discovery of processes whereby those 
 
 so-called waste materials can be again made 
 commercially available, has sprung up more 
 than one great department of commerce. The 
 u-e of old rags and paper in the manufacture 
 of paper, is an example of what we mean, that 
 is probably familiar to every one that reads 
 these lines. There are now in operation in 
 this country over 1,000 paper mills turning 
 out over .$75,000,000 worth of paper every 
 year, and the whole of this immense business 
 is based upon the utilization of what would 
 be otherwise waste substances, and as old pa- 
 per is made over into new, so old woolen rags 
 are worked into new woolen cloth, and old 
 rubbers become new ones with the aid of in- 
 genious and highly intricate machinery. An 
 immense business has grown up of late years 
 in the collecting, sorting, grading, packing 
 and importing of all these waste substances. 
 
 A well known house engaged in this line of 
 industry is that of Messrs. Hubley Bros. The 
 house was established four years ago, and has 
 during that period been conducted with mark- 
 ed and increasing success. 
 
 The premises utilized for the business are lo- 
 cated at the above address, and comprise a 
 three story building 95x40 feet in dimensions. 
 About eight employees find occupation here 
 in the several departments of the business. 
 
 There is scarcely any business carried on at 
 the present day in which experience is so es- 
 sential a requisite to success as in this one, 
 and in this particular the house have every 
 advantage in their favor. They have connec- 
 tions with many of the largest consumers of 
 these goods in the country, and are doing a 
 rapidly increasing business throughout New 
 England. New York and elsewhere. They are 
 at all times ready to purchase lots in any 
 quantities, and consignments are received 
 from all parts of the country, and goods re- 
 ceived and shipped direct from their ware- 
 houses either by rail or canal without the 
 necessity of carting long distances. All woolen 
 rags are graded carefully, and are ready for 
 use at once by manufacturers. 
 
 The sole proprietor of the business at this 
 time is Mr. E. L. Hubley, who is well known 
 and esteemed in business circles for the uni- 
 versal, upright principles with which his busi- 
 ness is conducted. We commend this house 
 therefore, to those of our readers who may be 
 interested, assuring them that their facilities 
 are such as to render business relations once 
 entered upon not only pleasant but profitable. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 121 
 
 T. W. CHATFIELD'S SONS. 
 
 Manufacturers of Chatfield's Celebrated 
 Hot Air Furnaces, 28 Catharine Street. 
 
 A remarkable instance of the fruits of 
 American ingenuity and enterprise is furnished 
 in the improvements which have taken place 
 
 The house was originally established thirty- 
 two years ago by T. W. Chatfield, and has 
 been known under its present title for about 
 two years. The offices and repair shops of the 
 concern are located at the above address, but 
 the furnaces are made by contract at Palmer's 
 foundery. A very large trade is transacted 
 
 during past years on those appliances for 
 furnishing heat to our public buildings and 
 dwelling houses. Utica can claim the honor 
 of being the seat of manufacture of some of 
 the best of these arrangements, and the 
 furnaces made by the above concern are en 
 titled to a high rank among them. 
 
 on them, extending throughout the United 
 StHtes, and numerous testimonials have been 
 received testifying to their merit from all over 
 the country. 
 
 We will endeavor, with the brief space at 
 our disposal, to give some idea of the ad- 
 vantages possessed by the Chatfield Furnace 
 
122 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 It is made in eight sizes, in portable or brick 
 form, and has the advantage of being without 
 screws or bolts, and in place is made with 
 large sand joints. It has a large radiating 
 surface, and if necessary will burn the entire 
 season without rekindling. The grate is re- 
 volving, so that the clinkers can be readily re- 
 moved, and it is adapted either for soft or hard 
 coal, which islargely economized by its use. It 
 is constructed in the best manner and of superi- 
 or material. 
 
 These facts at once enable our readers to 
 realize that there is no better furnace in the 
 market, or one so well adapted to general pur- 
 poses. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. G. W. & A. E. Chatfield, both natives 
 of Utica, and gentlemen who, by their life- 
 long experience in the business, are fully in 
 every way adapted to its successful operation. 
 We can conscientiously commend this house to 
 our readers, both for the superior character of 
 its products as well as for the general prin- 
 ciples of commercial probity which are charac- 
 teristic of its transactions. 
 
 BUTLER Si HAMILTON, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Gtrocers and Drug- 
 gists, 114 Genesee Street. 
 
 Of the old established and reliable grocery 
 houses in Utica, there are perhaps none which 
 have such an interesting record as the one 
 which forms the subject of this sketch. Its 
 history may be said to be almost contemporary 
 with that of the city itself, boasting as it can 
 of a career of over half a century of honorable 
 existence. 
 
 It is something over fifty years ago that the 
 firm of Butler, Livingston & Co. was estab- 
 lished. This later became Butler & Living- 
 ston, and in 1844 Mr. T. K. Butler conducted 
 the enterprise alone. In 1854 Mr. Miles Corn- 
 stock entered the firm, which was then known 
 as T. K. Butler & Co. A few years later Mr. 
 Comstock withdrew, and the enterprise again 
 fell under the sole proprietorship of Mr. Butler, 
 who in the year 1862 associated himself with 
 Mr. Chas. Hamilton, under the style of Butler 
 & Hamilton, which is still retained. 
 
 The premises at the address as above consist 
 of three floors, including store of the dimen- 
 sions of 70x20 feet, besides warehouse in rear 
 40x30 feet. This is utilized for the purposes of 
 conducting a business of dealing in a full, com- 
 plete and varied selection of drugs, staple and 
 
 fancy groceries, flour, paints and oils, patent 
 medicines, &c., suitable for a first class trade. 
 The long experience of the members of the 
 firm affords the best guarantee to consumers, 
 and their established reputation for dealing 
 only in pure goods has long been a matter be- 
 yond cavil. 
 
 In addition to a family trade, the house also 
 has an extensive wholesale and farmers patron- 
 age. In connection with the business from 
 eight to ten assistants are given employment. 
 
 Mr. T. K. Butler is a native of New Hart- 
 ford and Mr. Chas. Hamilton of West Martins- 
 burg, Lewis county. Both, however, have for 
 many years been residents of this city, where 
 they are well and favorably known to the com- 
 munity. Of them personally we need not 
 further comment, but of the firm we can justly 
 say that it is one which has stood the test of 
 years, and its record has been achieved by the 
 honorable conduct which has always dictated 
 its business policy. It is with pleasure there- 
 fore that we are privileged to bring to the no- 
 tice of our readers the well known grocery 
 house of Butler & Hamilton, which so long has 
 been identified with the interests of the city of 
 Utica. 
 
 T. G. WILLIS, 
 
 Manufacturer of Shirts, 196, 198 and 200 
 Genesee Street. 
 
 There can be little left for doubt that the 
 city of Utica is in the possession of facilities 
 for all kinds of manufactures second to none 
 other in the State. This is clearly demon- 
 strated by the establishment yearly of new en- 
 terprises, and in keeping with these remarks 
 we will give a brief account of the firm whose 
 name forms the heading of this article. 
 
 The house was originally established four 
 years ago, but it is only recently that it has 
 occupied itself exclusively to the manufacture 
 of shirts. At the premises indicated which 
 are of the dimensions of 75x50 feet, about 
 thirty operatives are employed in turning out 
 large quantities of the best description of these 
 goods. Although but a young house, its pro- 
 ducts have already begun to make themselves 
 felt in the trade, and the Mohawk Valley Shirt 
 has become a favorite both with dealers and 
 consumers. The best of material is utilized, 
 and the workmanship is of the finest, and the 
 whole business is under the immediate and 
 practical supervision of the proprietor, offering 
 a guarantee that all goods shall leave the estab- 
 lishment perfect in every way. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 123 
 
 Mr. T. Gr. Willis is a native of this State, 
 and in all respects an enterprising and ener 
 getic young man, who is determined to make 
 and keep trade by following those principles 
 of fair dealing and integrity without which 
 no permanent success is possible. 
 
 We wish to call the attention of our readers 
 particularly to the fine custom-made shirts 
 made by this house, which have in all instances 
 given satisfaction. 
 
 HEAD & WINSTON, 
 
 Wholesale Groceiis, and Dealers in 
 Fred and Grain, 48 Hotel Street. 
 
 Looking in detail at the varied commercial 
 enterprises of Utica, we find that the wholesale 
 grocery trade involves large cajiital, employs 
 numerous hands, and conduces to a very exten- 
 sive traffic. 
 
 Largely engaged in this branch of commerce, 
 Messrs. Head & Winston occupy commodi- 
 ous premises at the location above indicated, 
 consisting of a four-story building 180x70 feet 
 in dimensions, where a large and complete 
 stock of Staple and Fancy Groceries is offered 
 to the trade, at prices only obtainable from 
 such houses as are enabled by reason of exten- 
 sive sales to procure goods in round lots from 
 first hands. 
 
 The house was founded in 1861. It has for 
 many years enjoyed a wide-spread reputation 
 as one of the most reliable and enterprising 
 houses throughout the State of New York, re- 
 sulting in a large trade through the central 
 section, which requires for its attention the 
 assistance of about twenty employes, includ- 
 ing several traveling salesmen. 
 
 Besides the grocery business, the firm are 
 largely concerned in the handling of feed and 
 grain, which is sold either in detail or by car 
 load. Nothing but the best grades of Western 
 flour are handled, notably the Pillsbury flour 
 from Minneapolis, which is considered the best 
 extant. All flour as well as feed is in all cases 
 procured direct from the mills. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. G. W. Head and D. D. Winston, both 
 natives of Oneida county and long residents of 
 Utica, and too well known to admit of personal 
 comment at our hands. 
 
 The growth and prosperity of this establish- 
 ment are only commensurate with the energy 
 and enterprise of its projectors, who are sedu- 
 lously employed in maintaining the character 
 of the output, and by so doing meeting with 
 
 the most exacting demands of the trade. The 
 equitable manner in which the business is con- 
 ducted, as well as the admirable quality and 
 uniform reliability of the stock, are guarantees 
 sufficiently obvious why dealers would do well 
 to place their orders with this house. 
 
 T. R. THOMAS & CO. 
 
 Wholesale Dealers in Fruit, Fish and 
 Oysters, 12 Liberty Street. 
 
 Among the various extensive and growing 
 commercial industries in this city which ex- 
 ercise an imporant influence on our general 
 trade, and bear the marks of continued in- 
 crease and prosperity, none perhaps occupies a 
 more useful and significant station than the 
 fruit and fish trade. 
 
 Engaged in this department of commerce, 
 we find the well known establishment of 
 T. R. Thomas & Co, which was originally 
 founded, in 1854, as Thomas & Evans, and 
 successively was designated by the titles of 
 T. R. Thomas in 1856, Thomas & Jones in 
 1858, again T. R. Thomas in 1860, and finally 
 was constituted as at present in 1878. 
 
 The premises occupied consist of store and 
 basement at the above address, and also in 
 connection numbers 31 and 33 Hotel street. 
 These afford ample storage for the stock, which 
 embraces fruits of all kinds, fresh fish, candies, 
 oysters, etc. The facilities of the firm embrace 
 intimate relations with shippers and producers, 
 produce being procured from farms in Otsego, 
 Madison, Chenango, Oneida, Lewis and other 
 counties, oysters, direct from the beds at Nor- 
 folk, New York and Baltimore, and foreign 
 fruits from the vessels arriving at the 
 different ports of entry. Perishable fruits, 
 such as peaches, strawberries and grapes are 
 handled on commission, and prompt sales and 
 quick returns can be depended on. 
 
 The trade of the house extends through 
 Central New York, and the firm also export to 
 British Provinces. Great care is exercised in 
 procuring these food supplies, and inducements 
 are offered difficult to procure elsewhere. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. T. R. 
 Thomas and Griffith M. Jones. The former 
 gentlemen is a native of Wales, and the latter 
 of this country. Both gentlemen are thor- 
 oughly conversant with every detail of the 
 business and the wants of the market, and 
 the establishment which they conduct is an 
 important factor in the commerce of the city, 
 and the gentlemen themselves stand among 
 
124 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 the most enterprising as well as energetic of 
 the produce und commission trade of tiiis 
 section. 
 
 F. M. KENDRICK & CO.. 
 
 Cigar Manufactureks, 2 Bleecker St. 
 AND 130 Genesee Street. 
 
 In a work calculated to present a picture of 
 the growing importance of Utica as a manu- 
 facturing and commercial center, an establish- 
 ment of the nature of the above merits more 
 than a passing notice. It may serve as an ex- 
 emplification of what may be achieved by dint 
 of enterprise and perseverance, coupled to ex- 
 perience and general principles of fair dealing. 
 
 The house was oi-iginally established in 1871 
 by Mr. P. M. Kendrick, in a comparatively 
 small way, and has advanced and developed 
 until at this present time it manufactures and 
 sells infinitely more cigars than any other con- 
 cern in the city. These results have undoubt- 
 edly been achieved by giving full value for 
 money and by paying particular attention that 
 the uniformity of the different brands should 
 be all kept up to the standard of original ex- 
 cellence, 
 
 The premises occupied comprise the entire 
 building of three floors at the address indi- 
 cated, as well as the upper parts of adjoining 
 buildings. Here are employed from eighty to 
 ninety skilled cigar makers, producing vast 
 numbers of cigars yearly. In fact, during the 
 past year the number manufactured exceeded 
 2,500,000. This at once gives the best indica- 
 tion of the extent of the firm's operations. 
 
 The house manufactures all grades of cigars, 
 with the exception of those of decidedly in- 
 ferior character. Among the best known 
 brands made by them we will mention The 
 Paragon, Purity, La Veulta, My Best, and 
 many others. The house buys all their stock 
 first hand and in large quantities, and there- 
 fore can in every way compete with any rural 
 house in the country. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises the State 
 of New York, and is rapidly increasing, both 
 in operations and extent. Cigars to the 
 amount of $150,000 were sold last year, and 
 bids fair to be exceeded during the current year. 
 
 The firm is composed of Messrs. F. M. Ken- 
 drick and W. H. De Mott. These gentlemen 
 are well known in this city as in every way en- 
 terprising and thoroughly reliable in all trans- 
 actions. Of the house we may say, that it occu- 
 pies a leading position, not only with regard to 
 
 the sui)eriority of its output, but it is also 
 equally conspicuous for the enterprise of its 
 business policy and the liberality and prompt- 
 ness with which all its dealings are conducted. 
 
 N. C. NEWELL & SON, 
 
 Dealers and Jobbeks in Paints, Oils, 
 Colors, Varnishes.Glass, Paper Hang- 
 ings AND Artists' Materials, and 
 Manufacturers of Brushes, 111 Gene- 
 see Street. 
 
 The above house, of which we now purpose 
 to give a brief sketch, can justly claim to be 
 not only the oldest in its especial branch of 
 trade, but the first established in the city 
 existing at the present time with the original 
 
 "ame of the founder still preserved. In the 
 year 1800, Jesse Newell came to Utica, from 
 Coleraine, Mass., and started business in com- 
 pany with Geo. Macomber, as painter and 
 glazier, under the style of Macomber & Newell. 
 Twenty-eight years later Mr. Macombe r re- 
 tired, and the enterprise was conducted by Mr. 
 Newell alone, and later in partnership with 
 his son Norman C. Newell, the present senior 
 n)ember of the firm. This continued until 
 the death of Mr. Jesse Newell, in 1843, and 
 finally in 1861, C. N. Newell, the son of Nor- 
 man C. Newell entered the firm, which wa? 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 125 
 
 then, and has since been known as N. C. 
 Newell & Son. This is an interesting business 
 record which has no counterpart in the city, 
 Mr. N. 0. Newell, having been here in continu- 
 ous business for over fifty-five years. 
 
 The original business premises was at the 
 corner of Broad and Genesee streets, but the 
 house has long occupied its present location. 
 As now 'constituted, it comprises the entire 
 building of five floors at the address as indi- 
 cated, of the dimensions of 125x25 feet, and 
 also a warehouse on Jay street, for storing 
 paper hangings, etc. 
 
 The concern carry a very large stock of for- 
 eign and domestic paper hangings, paints and 
 oils, varnishes, plate glass, Amei-ican glass, 
 artists' materials and a variety of other goods 
 suited to the business. They are also extensive 
 manufacturers of brushes, mainly for the use 
 
 of cotton and woolen mills. In connection 
 with all branches of their business, about fifty 
 assistants and operators are given employment. 
 A large trade is done, especially in connection 
 with the paper hanging department of the busi- 
 ness, extending through the State and beyond. 
 All goods handled by the concern are purchased 
 direct from tlie manufacturers and importers, 
 and in such quantities as ensures the capa- 
 bility of the house to compete on all points 
 with rival concerns. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. N. C. Newell and C. N. Newell, who 
 are both natives of Utica, and gentlemen so 
 well known that any personal comment from 
 us would be superfluous. The firm has long 
 established its right to a foremost place among 
 the best known and reputable houses in Central 
 New York, by virtue of its long existence and 
 imblemished reputation. With ample capita 
 honorably acquired, and conducting the busi- 
 
 ness on those principles of fair dealing, 
 enterprise and liberality without which no 
 permanent success is obtainable, the house of 
 N. C. Newell & Son is in every way entitled 
 to the success which has attended its efforts. 
 
 JOHNSON & MURRAY, 
 
 Wholesale Groceks, 24, 26 and 28 
 Fayette Street. 
 
 Among the many enterprises necessary to 
 complete the commercial resources of a city, 
 none is of more importance to the community 
 than that of the wholesale grocer, as being one 
 of the main factors in the furnishing of our 
 food supplies. Prominent in this trade is the 
 house of Johnson & Murray, of the above ad- 
 dress, which was originally established in 
 1874, under the 
 style of Whea- 
 ton, Gottry & 
 Johnson, and 
 which changed 
 to its present 
 title in Octo- 
 ber, 1881. 
 
 The premises 
 occupied com- 
 prise stores and 
 basemen tof the 
 dimensions of 
 100 X 60 feet, 
 and are stored 
 with a full line 
 of all kinds of 
 staple and fancy groceries, flour and feed, pure 
 butter, cheese and eggs. All goods are pro- 
 cured direct from the producers and farmers, 
 and the best brands of flour come direct from 
 the mills of the West. The house buys for 
 cash, and operating at low expense, is in every 
 way able to compete with other contemporary 
 houses. 
 
 About seven assistants are given employ- 
 ment and a commercial traveler represents 
 their interests throughout the Central portion 
 of this State. 
 
 The membei-s of the concern are Messrs. H. 
 T. Johnson, and D. C. Murray. Mr. Johnson 
 is a native of Herkimer and Mr. Murray of 
 Oneida county. Both gentlemen have been, 
 however, long residents in this city, and are 
 well known to our citizens. They are thor- 
 oughly well posted in their knowledge of their 
 business and the requirements of the market. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 THE EMPIRE BREWING CO., Limited, \ concerned in its management, at once offers 
 
 a strong guarantee of the importance of the 
 enterprise, and Utica has reason to be con- 
 gratulated on the establishment of this latest 
 addition to its industrial undertakings. 
 
 Lager Beer Brewery, Corner Blandina 
 AND East Streets. 
 
 The brewing of malt liquors has become an 
 important business in the United States, and 
 is not one of the least industries of Utica. 
 The remarkable increase in the consumption 
 of beer and ale during the past decade is as- 
 tounding, and inasmuch as it indicates a 
 marked decrease in the amount of the more 
 fiery distilled liquors is a subject for congratu- 
 lations. 
 
 The latest addition to the brewers of Utica 
 is that of the Empire Brewing Co., which, 
 though the last, gives every promise of eventu- 
 ally attaining to the most importance of any 
 here located. 
 
 The Empire Brewing Company has been 
 organized during the current year, and is 
 established for the purpose of manufacturing 
 the very best quality of Lager Beer for the 
 trade of this city, as well. as for that of the 
 central portion of the State. It will be the 
 aim of the concern to produce beer which, 
 both for purity and quality, will be fully equal 
 in all respects to that of any brewery in the 
 country. 
 
 The site which has been selected for the 
 location of the works covers a space of over 
 three acres, on which is located four buildings 
 utilized for the purpose of the business. These 
 are provided with the very best and most 
 modern apparatus, and the aid of the services 
 of a first-class and practical brewer has been 
 secured. The gentlemen who are at the direc- 
 tion of the enterprise are Messrs. D. T. Everts. 
 President; J. C. Greenman, Vice President; 
 Oscar Guelich, Superintendent, and S. W. 
 Wetzel, Secretary and Treasurer. These gen- 
 tlemen are all well known to the community as 
 of unblemished reputation and thorough busi- 
 ness men in all respects. 
 
 The facilities possessed by the brewery, for 
 a large production, are first-class. It has a 
 capacity for producing from 50,000 to 60,000 
 barrels annually, and the facilities for ship- 
 ping in any direction, both by rail or canal, 
 are unsurpassed by any city in the State. 
 Thus there can be no reason to doubt that a 
 very large trade will be transacted by the 
 company. 
 
 In concluding this sketch, we are able to as- 
 sure our readers that it will be the object of 
 the Empire Brewery, not only to gain, but to 
 retain patronage. The high character of those 
 
 .JAMES W. ROWE, 
 
 Wall Paper and Shades, 6 Bleeckee 
 Street. 
 
 The above business was first established in 
 1879 by the present proprietor, and the premi- 
 ses occupied at present comprise a store and 
 basement located at the above address, where 
 a full and well assorted stock of wall paper, 
 window shades, picture frames, cornices, &c., 
 is kept on hand. All goods are procured 
 direct from the factories, enabling the house 
 to compete on favorable terms with contem- 
 porary concerns. 
 
 A very considerable business is transacted, 
 extending through Central New York, and 
 giving employment to from six to eight 
 operatives. The house may be depended on 
 for supplying the best of goods and executing 
 all work in a thoroughly satisfactory manner, 
 and also for a prompt attention to all orders. 
 
 Mr. James W. Rowe is a native of Onon- 
 daga county and is a gentleman who is 
 thoroughly practical in his business, devoting 
 all his energies to further the interests of his 
 patrons. 
 
 There can be no doubt of the advantages to 
 be derived by dealings wiih this house. Operat 
 ing at low expense, all exhorbitant charges are 
 avoided, and the public will realize their ad- 
 vantages by giving their custom and support 
 to Mr. James W. Rowe. 
 
 H. I. FAY, 
 
 Western Passenger Ticket Agent, 1 
 Baggs Hotel. 
 
 We are essentially a traveling race and not 
 only are we all fond of traveling, but we wish 
 to proceed to our destination with the max- 
 imum of comfort and the mininum of incon- 
 venience. The railroad companies have pro- 
 vided for the former want, but it is to the 
 experienced ticket agent that we must look 
 before we set out on our journeys if we wish 
 to be thoroughly posted and directed to the 
 bourne to which we are about to proceed. 
 
 In this city Mr. H. I. Fay is established at 
 No. 1 Baggs Hotel, located in the basement of 
 
THE CITY OF, UTICA. 
 
 127 
 
 the building as a general passenger agent for 
 all points west of Utica. He is the recognized 
 agent for the N. Y. C. & H. R. R. R , as well 
 as tourist ticket agent for the Utica & Black 
 River Railroad. From him can be procnred 
 tickets via all roads, and every information 
 will be furnished by him as to routes, connec- 
 tions, time, &c. This is not a small matter, as 
 we have all witnessed the bewilderment of 
 ladies and even of many of the 
 sterner sex, when but half through 
 their journey, owing to imperfect knowl- 
 edge as to connections, &c., and which 
 a careful amount of attention bestowed on the 
 information which, if desired, is imparted by 
 Mr. Fay, totally obviates. Thoroughly posted 
 in all their details, this gentleman can implicit 
 ly be relied upon as regards these matters. 
 
 The business was established by G. L. Fay 
 in 1865. Mr. H. I. Fay, and the present in- 
 cumbent, is a gentleman who has been brought 
 uprin this city, aad has a large acquaintance 
 among the best class of our citizens, by whom 
 he is liked and esteemed. We can cordially 
 commend him to those setting forth on their 
 travel, either for pleasure or business, and 
 they will find that th^y will be amply repaid 
 by purchasing of him, as he can offer them 
 advantages and information with but difficulty 
 to be elsewhere obtained. 
 
 Mr. Fay publishes a time table of roads out 
 of Utica which is gratis on application. 
 
 M. J. BURKE, 
 
 Manufacturer op Picture Frames and 
 Dealer in Wall Paper, 12 Bleecker 
 Street, 
 
 In the decorative branches of business lo- 
 cated in Utica, the above house is entitled to 
 a prominent place, by reason of its steady in- 
 crease in importance, as well as for the high 
 reputation which has been achieved by it in its 
 particular line during a comparatively recent 
 period. 
 
 It was in the year 1875 that Mr. Burke first 
 established his business, and his premises con- 
 sist at this time of a store, 50x30 feet in dimen- 
 sions, with workshop in the rear, 20x26 feet, 
 utilized for constructive purposes. About 
 seven operatives are given employment in con- 
 nection with the business, which comprises 
 the manufacturing of picture frames of all 
 kinds, constructed in the best manner, as well 
 as the handling of a large and well assorted 
 stock of paper hangings. 
 
 The specialty of the house is its department 
 for picture frames, which are manufactured 
 altogether on the premises, Mr. Burke being in 
 every way a practical man in all departments 
 of his trade, as well as a thorough gilder. 
 This ensures not only perfection in the goods, 
 but is also a strong motor, operating in allow- 
 ing the wares to be offered at the most moder- 
 ate prices. 
 
 Mr. Burke is a native of Montreal, but has 
 been a resident here for thirty years. He can 
 in every way be depended on as a gentleman 
 of thorough business habits, whose object in 
 all cases is to give satisfaction to his patrons. 
 That he has done so is conclusively demon- 
 strated in the large and continuing increase of 
 his business. 
 
 We can thus assure those who desire this 
 class of goods, that at Mr. Burke's they will 
 be satisfied in every particular, both in work- 
 manship and good taste, as well as low prices, 
 and which cannot but result in permanent and 
 satisfactory relations. 
 
 UTICA NICKEL PLATING WORKS, 
 Bayliss & Co., Culver Building. 
 
 During the past few years nickel plating has 
 been generally adopted into favor for all kinds 
 of ornamental work. Being not only cheaper 
 and fully as striking and handsome a finish 
 and far more durable, nickel plate has, to a 
 great extent, superseded the use of silver. 
 
 In this city we find the Utica Nickel Plating 
 Works, which was first established four years 
 ago, and whose premises comprise office and 
 shop, of the dimensions of 60x30 feet, furnish- 
 ed with steam power and all necessary appli- 
 ances for the execution of the work ; such as 
 electric-magneto machines, plating and polish- 
 ing tools, &c., adapted to their special use. 
 The house is the only licensee in the city for 
 nickel plating, and about ten skilled operatives 
 are employed. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises Utica and 
 vicinity, and its reputation for superior work 
 is known throughout this section. Large 
 quantities of stove-trimmings, saddlery and 
 harness hardware, plumbers' goods and a vari- 
 ety of small wares are plated at these works, 
 and the concern also undertake all kinds of 
 gold and silver plating, which they are pre- 
 pared to execute in the best manner at moder- 
 ate prices. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. A. 
 Bayliss and .P. A. Skiff, but the management 
 
128 
 
 7'HE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 of the business is in the hands of the first 
 mentioned gentleman, who in every way a 
 practical man, and eminently adapted to the 
 post. He is a native of England, but has been 
 in Utica for the past four years, and was for- 
 merly employed in J. L. Howard's car-trim- 
 ming shop at Hartford, Conn., where the best 
 opportunity was afforded him of thoroughly 
 mastering the business. 
 
 In conclusion we feel at liberty to say, that 
 all who effect relations with this house will 
 derive advantages that cannot readily be ac- 
 corded elsewhere. 
 
 H. BECKWITH, 
 
 Dealer in Stoves, Tin Plate, and Sheet 
 Iron, 133 Genesee Street. 
 
 The production of artificial heat by means 
 of stoves and the improvement of arrange- 
 ments for cooking have occupied the atten- 
 tion of American manufacturers to a greater 
 extent than those of any other country in the 
 world, and as a result the perfect inventions in 
 general use in this country are of a very su- 
 perior character, embracing economy of fuel, 
 tasteful designs, excellent workmanship and 
 general efficiency. 
 
 No better illustration of the truth of this 
 statement can be found than by an inspection 
 of the stock of ranges and parlor stoves shown 
 by Mr. H. Beck with at his store, located as 
 above indicated. 
 
 The premises occupied consist of a building 
 comprising two stores and basement and 
 premises above, of the dimensions of 110 x 55 
 feet, and 60 feet fronting on Charlotte Street, 
 as well as 110 feet frontage on Erie Canal, the 
 whole of which extensive establishment is 
 stored with goods belonging to this depart- 
 ment of trade, and which are offered at whole- 
 sale or retail at most advantageous prices. 
 
 The specialty of the house is the celebrated 
 Happy Thought range, manufactured at Pitts- 
 ton, Pennsylvania, and which was the original 
 duplex grate range made. Mr. Beckwith is the 
 general agent for Central and Eastern New 
 York and the New England States for this 
 cekbrated range, and over three thousand five 
 hundred have been sold in this immediate 
 vicinity alone. 
 
 The advantages which we could enumerate 
 of the superiority of this cooking stove 
 are among others that it is the heaviest made, 
 bakes better than any other, is economical, has 
 the largest flues, and is furnished with a grey 
 
 enamelled reservoir and cover. The concern 
 publish a pamphlet containing the names of 
 over 2,000 well known citizens of Uliea and vi- 
 cinity who are absolute possessors of this use- 
 ful appliance. This offers the strongest and 
 best commendation that could be offered. 
 
 Besides a full line of stoves, &c., the hous« 
 are heavy dealers in tin plate and sheet iron, a 
 large stock of which is at all times kept on 
 hand. 
 
 Mr. U. Beckwith founded the house in 1855, 
 since which time he has become so well and 
 favorably known to the trade of Central New 
 York and the community in general that 
 personal comments at our hands would be 
 superfluous. 
 
 Our readers will find upon visiting this es- 
 tablishment many manifest advantages both in 
 quality of goods and prices offered, which w« 
 are confident can not but result in pleasant 
 and profitable business relations. 
 
 CHAS. F. BAKER, 
 Florist, 46, 59 and 61 Cornelia Street. 
 
 The increased demand Jor flowers and floral 
 decorations has of late years been one of the 
 most marked indications of the higher civiliza- 
 tion towards which we are rapidly progressing, 
 and of no city is this so distinguishing a fea- 
 ture as of Utica, which has long been known 
 for its wealth and refinement. 
 
 One of the most important sources of supply 
 for flowers and plants in this city, is the house 
 of Mr. Chas. F. Baker. This gentleman es- 
 tablished himself in business in 1876, and has 
 since built up a trade which is not confined to 
 Utica, but extends largely into the surround- 
 ing county. 
 
 The premises are located as above indicated 
 and comprise seven hot-houses and green- 
 houses. Here are raised a complete assortment 
 of domestic and tropical plants and flowers, 
 and nowhere is obtainable more artistically ar- 
 ranged bouquets and devices. For decorations 
 at weddings, balls, parties, church festivals, 
 and funerals, the products of this house have 
 long been known for attractiveness of style 
 and artistic arrangement, and the rarity, 
 beauty and freshness of the flowers supplied, 
 together with the reasonable prices charged, 
 render the concern one of the most popular of 
 its kind in the city. 
 
 Mr. Baker is a native of this county and a 
 resident of this city for twenty years. He is a 
 thoroughly practical florist and can be depend- 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 ed on at all times for promptness, fair dealing 
 and taste, in the conduct of his business. 
 
 PllANCIS S. CARR, 
 
 Manufacturing Confectioner, 34 Columbia 
 Street. 
 
 The American people are probably the 
 largest consumers of candy and confectionery 
 in the world, and the products of our manu- 
 facturers of these wholesome and toothsome 
 articles of food can favorably compete in every 
 way with even those of France. Purity is 
 one of the main essentials with these goods, 
 and to-day the difficulty to obtain candies 
 devoid of adulteration and deleterious sub 
 stances is so great that the advantages of 
 dealing with a house whose reputation for 
 making none but the purest and best goods, 
 are at once manifest. In this city Mr. Francis 
 S. Carr has been established in business as a 
 candy manufacturer and confectioner for a 
 number of years. During this period he has 
 succeeded in building up a reputation which 
 has been wholly due to the absolutely pure na- 
 ture of his goods, coupled with their delicious 
 flavors. All his candies are manufactured 
 by him on the premises, which are located at 
 the above address. A full line of fine con- 
 fectionery, at all times fresh, is kept on hand, 
 and while every thing comprising his stock is 
 of the best description, specialties are made 
 of his fine chocolate bon-bons, butter-cups 
 and chocolate marsh-mallows. 
 
 A large and increasing trade is transacted, 
 mainly derived from the very best of our 
 citizens, who have long realized that at Carr's 
 the very best of goods are only to be obtained. 
 
 Mr. Carr is a native of Syracuse, but has 
 been a resident here for over twenty years 
 He is a thoroughly practical man in all depart- 
 ments of his business, which is immediately 
 under his personal supervision, afliordiug thus 
 a guarantee that only the best products shall 
 emanate from his establishment. 
 
 129 
 
 The aim of the house has been not only to 
 gain custom, but to retain it, and that this ob- 
 ject has been successfully accomplished is 
 evident in the increase of the business, which 
 has lately been removed to the present site 
 owing to the superior accommodation thus 
 conferred. 
 
 We, therefore, in calling the attention of 
 our readers to this concern, do no more than 
 state but the simple facts in asserting that at 
 Mr. Carr's establishment can be found candies 
 and confectionery, which for purity, whole- 
 someness and flavors cannot be excelled in 
 this or any other city in the country. 
 
 J. M. & C. B. CROUSE, 
 
 Wholesale Grocers, 20 and 22 Broad 
 
 Street. 
 
 It is almost marvellous to contemplate the 
 magnitude which the wholesale grocery trade 
 has attained in this country, when compared 
 with the limit to which it was circumscribed 
 fifty years ago. Probably no business has had a 
 more rapid growth during that period, and 
 this is mainly due to the enterprise and energy 
 of those merchants concerned in the business. 
 
 In this connection a few brief facts with re- 
 lation to the history and business of the house 
 of J. M. & C. B. Grouse are replete with in- 
 terest. 
 
 Founded in 1S61 under the title of Daniel 
 Grouse, Son & Co., it continued to trade as 
 such until two years ago, when it adopted the 
 style as indicated in the heading. 
 
 The premises of the concern consist of a 
 brick building at the above address of the di- 
 mensions of 100x80 feet, utilized as ofiices 
 and salesroom, a packing house on Catharine 
 street and a building on Broadway, where an 
 extensive manufacture of brooms is carried on 
 and where about forty operatives are given 
 employment. This house is largely con- 
 cerned in packing hams, which, as well as 
 their brooms, have met with large sales 
 throughout New York and the New England 
 States, being appreciated for their uniform 
 quality and reasonable prices. 
 
 A large and varied stock of all kinds of 
 staple and fancy groceries are carried and 
 from which a large trade is done through- 
 out Central and Northern New York. 
 
 Six commercial travelers are employed by 
 the house, and such are its relations and 
 magnitude that it is enabled to offer advantages 
 
130 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 to the trade not duplicated by many and sur- 
 passed by none of its contemporaries. 
 
 The present individual composition of the 
 firm is Messrs. J. M. & C. B. Grouse, both 
 energetic, prompt, honorable and intelligent 
 representatives of the best element of our 
 business community, and always foremost in 
 undertakings calculated to advance the in- 
 terests of the city. These gentlemen have, as 
 it were, grown up in the house, and are 
 thoroughly acquainted with every detail of the 
 business. Liberality and promptness in all 
 transactions have always characterized the 
 firm and the success which has attended their 
 enterprise is but the just reward of a business 
 policy, without which no permanent pros- 
 perity such as theirs is possible. 
 
 MARTIN & CO., 
 LivEHY Stable, Washington Street. 
 
 We take pleasure in calling the notice of our 
 readers to the Livery establishment of the 
 above firm, not only on account of their long 
 and well known reputation, but also because of 
 the exceedingly complete nature of the ap- 
 pointments connected with it. 
 
 The business is an old one, having been in- 
 stituted over twenty years ago by the present 
 senior partner. It, however, has only been car- 
 ried on under its present title during the past 
 fourteen years. During this period it has suc- 
 ceeded in making a steadfast reputation for 
 furnishing as handsome and complete turnouts 
 as can be found in Central New York. 
 
 At the address indicated are premises of 
 about the dimensions of 100x115 feet fronting 
 both on Washington and Fayette streets, which 
 are arranged in tlie best manner and in every 
 way suitable to a first class and well appointed 
 livery stable. Forty horses, ten hacks, a 
 hearse, a large variety of top buggies, landeau- 
 lettes, two-seated phaetons, sleighs, cutters, &c., 
 are at the disposal of patrons, and in con- 
 nection with the business nine men are given 
 employment. 
 
 At this establishment thore can be no room 
 left for doubt that everything desirable in the 
 way of carriages for pleasure and business can 
 be obtained at reasonable rates. The house is 
 well known and is patronized by the best class 
 of our citizens. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. M. F. 
 and Wm. Martin. The first named is a res- 
 ident of Whitesboro and the latter of this city. 
 Both gentlemen are thoroughly acquainted 
 
 with every detail connected with their business, 
 and can be relied on for promptness and fair 
 dealing in all transactions. 
 
 L. B. DEVENDORF. 
 
 White Bronze Monuments, and Statuary, 
 12 Arcade. 
 
 Our object in erecting in our cemeteries 
 monuments to those of our departed friends is 
 to perpetuate their memory and to offer a 
 record of the life which they have left behind 
 forever. Therefore, durability is of the 
 
 greatest importance, and to obtain a material 
 which will combine this feature with beauty 
 in a higher degree than is procurable in any 
 other substance, is the great and most para- 
 mount object to be attained. 
 
 That the material which is known by the 
 name of white bronze has accomplished this 
 result there is little reason to doubt. It is 
 made from the purest of refined zinc for 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 131 
 
 monumental purposes, and for statuary, a 
 combination of purest zinc and tin is utilized. 
 
 We wish to bring before the notice of our 
 readers the desirability of this valuable mate- 
 rial for its various purposes. Of marble it is 
 not necessary to speak, for its well known 
 proneness to decay leaves nothing for us to 
 say on the subject. Granite, however, can 
 boast of much more lasting properties, but our 
 cemeteries furnish evidence that if the stone 
 itself does not crumble, the inscription, in but 
 comparatively few years, become illegible. 
 With white bronze this is impossible, as it 
 lasts forever, owing mainly to the natural 
 oxidation which once obtained operates as a 
 preservative and protects effectually the ma- 
 terial for ever. 
 
 The monuments and statuary dealt in by 
 Mr. Devendorf, are manufactured for him at 
 Bridgeport, Conn. Designs are furnished as 
 desired, and monuments can be erected from 
 the lowest price to thousands of dollars. These 
 monuments are more artistic, handsomer, 
 more durable and cheaper than those of marble 
 or granite. A very large number of these goods 
 have been erected all over the country and 
 numerous testimonials have been received 
 vouching for the universal satisfaction given 
 in all instances. 
 
 Mr. Devendorf invites correspondence and 
 will, on a visit to his ofBce at the above ad- 
 dress, exhibit also large variety of designs and 
 samples of the material. To those who con- 
 template the erection of family monuments, 
 statuary, or desiring busts of friends and celeb- 
 rities, we earnestly commend them to investi- 
 gate the merits of Mr. Devendorf's wares, and 
 we assure them that they will find that we do 
 far from justice to their properties. 
 
 Mr. Devendorf has agents located in Mo- 
 hawk, Lee Centre and Waterville, for the con 
 venience of those residing in those localities. 
 
 In conclusion, we can but say, that for 
 statuary or monumental purposes, the White 
 Bronze is far superior to anything which has 
 ever been before the people. 
 
 O. C. THAYER, 
 
 Union Oil Works ; Manufacturer of and 
 Dealer in Oil, 85 & 87 Main Street. 
 
 Among the various commodities which rank 
 high among our most important material re- 
 sources, oil may be appropriately classed as one 
 of the first ; and one of the largest handlers 
 
 in this secUon is the above concern, of whose- 
 business we are now about to speak. 
 
 The premises, which are located as above, 
 compose office, oil house and warehouse, cov- 
 ering a plat of ground of the dimen.sions of 
 20Cxl40 feet in extent. Here is stored large 
 quantities of petroleum and other oils for lu- 
 bricating purposes, designed for the trade of 
 this section, from Ogdensburg to Binghamton 
 and from Schenectady to Syracuse, In con- 
 nection with the undertaking about ten men 
 are given employment. 
 
 The proprietor of the business is Mr. 0. C. 
 Thayer, who was born in Vermont but who now 
 resides in Erie, Pennsylvania, where he is also 
 concerned largely in the manufacture of 
 pottery. He is also a member of the Standard 
 Oil Co., of (.Cleveland, Ohio. Mr. George 
 Beatty, Jr., of this city, is in charge of the 
 business here, and is a genlleman who is, in 
 every way, competent to his duties, possessing- 
 a complete knowledge of the business. 
 
 Of the advantages of procuring goods of 
 this nature from this house it is not necessary 
 to speak. In connection with the largest oil 
 producing organization in the world as far as 
 regards petroleum, and possessing equal facili 
 ties with regard to lubricating oils, among 
 which we will mention that Mr. Thayer is 
 agent for the Eclipse lubricating oil, the 
 house is in a position to accord advantages 
 which places it above competition. 
 
 JOHN MULHOLLAND, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Dry 
 Goods, 184 and 186 Genesee Street. 
 
 Among the representatives in Utica of the 
 dry goods trade, the above house is entitled to- 
 honorable mention, both by reason of its long 
 existence and for the universal upright busi- 
 ness policy which has always been its distin- 
 guishing feature since its inception, which was 
 about the year 1853. 
 
 The business has been lately transferred to 
 the new MulhoUand block, which is the prop- 
 erty of the proprietor. This is so arranged as 
 to be eminently suited to the business, present- 
 ing a very handsome appearance in the best 
 part of the principal thoroughfare of the city. 
 Besides the store, utilized for retail purposes, 
 Mr. MulhoUand occupies the upper portion for 
 the transaction of his wholesale trade. 
 
 A complete line of all descriptions of dry 
 goods and notions is carried, procured direct 
 from the manufacturers and purchased for 
 
152 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 oash, which enables the house to oflfer these 
 goods on unusually favorable terms to his 
 patrons. In the conduct of his business a 
 number of assistants are employed and one is 
 sent on the road transacting a business of con- 
 siderable extent throughout the smaller towns 
 of Central New York, which yearly amounts to 
 large suras. 
 
 Mr. John Mulholland is a native of the city 
 of Newry, in Ireland, but has been for thirty- 
 two years a resident of Utica. He is a gentle- 
 man who in private circles is much respected, 
 and he was one of the first charity commis- 
 sioners elected, holding the office for four 
 years. In his business his character for un- 
 impeachable integrity is beyond dispute, and 
 we are persuaded that those interested, who 
 should be brought into business relations with 
 him, will find all transactions satisfactory in 
 every particular. 
 
 GEO. WESTCOTT & CO., 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealers in Hats. 
 AND Manufactuhers OP FuRs, 52 Gene- 
 see Strket. 
 
 The attention of our readers is directed to 
 the above firm, which can boast of an 
 existence extending over a period of forty years, 
 when it was originally established by Mr. Geo. 
 Westcott, the present senior partner. Several 
 changes of style subsequently transpired until 
 fifteen years ago, the present title was finally 
 adopted. 
 
 The firm, for the purposes of carrying on the 
 business, occupy premises at the above address, 
 which comprise a building of four floors, each 
 of the dimensions of 130x30 feet. These are 
 so arranged as to be eminently suitable to the 
 carrying of a large stock of hats, caps, furs, 
 etc., which is complete in all its details, and 
 serving as the basis for transacting a large 
 wholesale and retail trade, which is not con- 
 fined to this city, but extends throughout the 
 central portion of the State. 
 
 A specialty of the house, is their manufac- 
 turing of seal saeques and dolmans, either to 
 order or otherwise. The advantages of pur- 
 chasing these goods of a bona fide manufacturer, 
 are of considerable value, not the least of which 
 is that a perfectly fitting garment is obtained, 
 which is impossible under other conditions. 
 
 The skins handled by this house are pro- 
 cured direct from first hands, and the goods 
 are offered at prices that will compete on all 
 points with others in the trade. 
 
 The individual members of the firm, are 
 Messrs. George, W. B. and P. A. Westcott, all 
 long residents of this city, and gentlemen 
 possessing a full and practical knowledge of 
 all details connected with their business. 
 
 In every way is this house to be relied upon, 
 not only for the superior character of the 
 goods handled, but also by reason of the uni- 
 versally upright manner in which all transac- 
 tions are by it conducted, and we commend it 
 to the consideration and confidence of our 
 readers. 
 
 S. MANSBACH, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Milliner, 7 and 
 9 Fayette Street. 
 
 A few remarks concerning the business of 
 the above gentleman, will not be out of place 
 in our volume. Anything that adds to the 
 personal appearance of the fairer sex is of 
 specific value, and, at the above establishment 
 all that may be included in the term of ladies 
 head covering is to be found of the best, and 
 in large quantities and great variety. 
 
 Mr. Mansbach established his business about 
 thirteen years ago, and during that period he 
 has succeeded in making a steadfast reputation, 
 owing mainly to the good quality of his wares. 
 Besides transacting a very large retail business 
 a considerable wholesale and jobbing trade 
 is done extending thi-ough Central and North- 
 ern New York, which is yearly increasing as 
 his customers realize the spirit of fair trading 
 with which all his transactions are distin- 
 guished. 
 
 A full line of millinery goods is carried by 
 the house, including made up hats and bonnets 
 as well as domestic and imported feathers, rib- 
 bons, plushes, velvets, English crape, etc. The 
 material used is of the best quality, and the 
 workmanship is of the best, the whole being 
 under the personal supervision of the proprietor 
 who thus ensures that only the best of products 
 shall emanate from his establishment. Mr. 
 Simon Mansbach is a native of Germany, but has 
 been twenty-four years in this country, twenty 
 of which have been spent in Utica. He is a 
 thoroughly practical man in all departments of 
 his business, as well as a skillful and careful 
 buyer. Mr. Mansbach, before launching out 
 for himself, was in the employ of S. Goldsmith, 
 who was formerly in business in this city. 
 
 We can therefore in every way commend 
 this concern to our readers interested, both in 
 Utica and out of town, as one with which it is 
 in every way desirable to effect transactions. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA, 
 
 133 
 
 S. W. SHERMAN, 
 
 Lumber Dealer and Manufacturer of 
 Boxes of all Descriptions, 116 to 126 
 Erie Street, and 37 Liberty. 
 
 The innumerable uses to which the produc- 
 tions of the above concern may be applied, 
 render his business one of the most interesting 
 as well as useful in the community. This 
 section is rapidly growing in manufacturing 
 and commercial importance, and the establish- 
 ment yearly of new enterprises, serve as straws 
 which surely indicate the direction of the 
 stream of business prosperity. 
 
 Mr. S. W. Sherman initiated his business 
 August, 1882, and already it indicates signs 
 of permanent and increas 
 ing success. The premises 
 comprise a building of the 
 dimensions of 96x40 feet, 
 with an annex 40x50 feet, 
 as well as another adjoining 
 96x54 feet, and annex 96x20. 
 Here, driven by an engine 
 and boiler of fifty horse 
 power, is all the best de- 
 scription of wood working 
 machinery, the whole of 
 which is entirely new. This 
 entails the services of 20 
 skilled employes, the whole 
 force employed in produc- 
 ing lock corner boxes for 
 grocers, druggists,and other 
 purposes, packing cases, 
 shoe boxes, trunk boxes, bed 
 slats, and in fact anything 
 and everything which may 
 be constructed of wood. 
 
 These goods are produced by this concern at 
 the lowest possible prices and are of the best 
 construction. Mr. S. W. Sherman, the pro- 
 prietor, is a thoroughly practical man, and ex- 
 ercises his personal supervision over the entire 
 business, offering a guarantee that all goods 
 shall be perfect in every particular. 
 
 The trade of the house comprises the State 
 of New York, Pennsylvania and beyond, and 
 bids fair rapidly to extend its operations. The 
 premises on Liberty street are utilized for the 
 storage and sale of dressed lumber, &c. There 
 can be no doubt that this enterprise is a gain 
 of considerable value to the community and 
 goes to show that here in Utica there is every 
 facility and advantage to be found for the 
 
 establishment of almost every conceivable 
 branch of manufacture. 
 
 We call the attention of our readers to this 
 house, and we are assured that correspondence 
 of a business nature with Mr. Sherman will be 
 found to lead to relations of a permanent and 
 profitable character. 
 
 Besides the above, the house handles a large 
 quantity of well seasoned hard and soft lum- 
 ber suitable for building and other purposes. 
 
 FLORA A. JONES, 
 
 Manufacturer of "Blush of Roses," 63 
 Fayette Street. 
 
 Many specifics have been invented from time 
 to time intended to remove the imperfections 
 of the complexion, but of these there are but 
 very few that do not partake of an injurious 
 character, permanently injuring while but 
 temporarily accomplishing their object. It is 
 seldom that we are enabled to bestow words of 
 praise on these so-called beautifyers and it is 
 therefore a pleasure when we are enabled to 
 speak of such articles as that of the "Blush of 
 Roses," manufactured by Miss Jones. 
 
 Miss Jones first began to make this valuable 
 remedy some time during the past year, and 
 it has since that period definitely made for it- 
 self a reputation which has been wholly due 
 to its merits, and this has been demonstrated 
 in its increased sale, and the numerous testi- 
 monials received from all over the country. 
 We will endeavor in a few words to make ap- 
 parent some of its peculiar advantages. 
 
 In the first place it is absolutely colorless, 
 perfectly harmless in its application and en- 
 tirely free tvom any deleterious substances in 
 its composition. Its effect on the skin is of a 
 cooling nature, unaccompanied with any burn- 
 ing or tingling sensation, which are character- 
 istic features of other washes. 
 
 The Blush of Roses will remove sun burn, 
 freckles, erysipelas, pimples and black-heads 
 from the face with but two or three applications. 
 
134 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 rendering the skin clear, pearl-like and health- 
 ful in its appearance. It is suited both for 
 the use of ladies and gentlemen who will find 
 that they will be permanently benefited by its 
 use. 
 
 The operation of this specific is of a nature 
 entirely opposite to ordinary cosmetics. These 
 clog up the pores of the skin and impede 
 healthful transpiration, while the Blush of 
 Roses operates entirely in a contrary direction, 
 being calculated to cleanse these orifices and 
 allow the skin to .breathe. Thus it does not 
 only remove the impurities from the skin but 
 it strikes at the cause of them, and acts di- 
 rectly at their eradication. 
 
 The Blush of Roses is put up in bottles, the 
 price of each is fifty cents, and it is sold gen- 
 erally at druggists throughout the country. In 
 this city, Messrs. John H. Sheehan & Co., and 
 Hugh Glenn & Co., are the wholesale agents; 
 in New York, Chas. N. Crittenden & Co., and 
 Kenyon, Potter & Co., Syracuse. 
 
 Miss Flora A. Jones is a native of Remsen, 
 in this county, but has been a resident of this 
 city for about two years. Personal comment 
 is unnecessary; but of the goods manufactured 
 by her we are safe in saying that our readers 
 can depend on their purity as well as their 
 valuable and unique curative properties. 
 
 W. S. TAYLOR, 
 Jobbing and Retail Jkweler, Silver- 
 smith, AND Dealer in Sewing Machines, 
 70 Genesee Street. 
 
 The business of the above gentleman is de- 
 voted to the handling of watches, jewelry, &c., 
 and it was first called into existence in the 
 year 1851. 
 
 The premises utilized are located as above 
 and comprise store and floor above, which are 
 of the dimensions of 75x30 feet in extent. 
 Here may be found a large and beautiful as- 
 sortment of watches, diamonds, silver and 
 plated ware, jewelry of all kinds, and other 
 articles of taste and beauty. Especially is a 
 complete stock of watches carried, comprising 
 all the different makes, both domestic and 
 foreign, and either in gold or silver cases. 
 Mr. Taylor buys very extensively of all these 
 goods and has a large selection to choose from. 
 
 The concern makes a specialty of designing 
 and making to order any article in the way of 
 jewelry which may be desired by its patrons, 
 equal in execution to work done either in 
 New York, Boston, or other cities. 
 
 Besides the jewelry business, Mr. Taylor 
 deals in sewing machines, handling principally 
 the "New Home," made at Orange, Mass. In 
 all, our readers will find here a large and beau- 
 tiful stock of goods to select from in making 
 purchases, at prices which will be found satis- 
 factory. 
 
 THE UNITED STATES & FOREIGN AD- 
 VERTISING & COLLECTION CO., 
 
 Publishers of the Commercial Phone, 
 63 Arcade. 
 
 The advantages that are derived by the 
 merchant and manufacturer from an organiza- 
 tion such as the above, can hardly be too over 
 estimated. Every business man has on his 
 bDoks a number of delinquent and slow pay- 
 ing debtors, and often he prefers to cancel 
 their obligations rather than .'subject himself 
 to the annoyances of constant and repeated ap- 
 plications. It is then that the value of an 
 institution such as the one now at issue is 
 manifest, and this is especially so when it may 
 be depended on in every respect as thoroughly 
 reliable and trustworthy. 
 
 The company was organized March ISth, 
 1881, with a capital of $5,000,000. Dr. C. B. 
 Tefft is President. A. J. Purvis, Treasurer, 
 and S. E. Lawrence, Secretary. The object 
 of the enterprise is the collection of debts in 
 any part of the United States, and also the 
 publication of the Commercial Phone ; a 
 periodical devoted to the improvement of 
 credit and the protection of creditors from 
 bad debts. 
 
 The system adopted by the company is of 
 the best calculated to obtain these desired re- 
 sults. In the first place a number of attor- 
 neys, — one in each town of any dimensions, — 
 act as agents, under contract and bond, so 
 that any risk of loss is totally obviated. In 
 case of recovery, all is well, but otherwise the 
 debts are advertised in the Phone as being for 
 sale. This system results in the payment of 
 debts that in any other case would be impos- 
 sible to be collected, the fear of publication 
 acting with salutary effect in most cases. 
 
 This does not apply only to what may be 
 designated as bad debts, but there are always 
 a number of obligations which, while not ex- 
 actly bad, are difficult to collect. 
 
 The Phone is also a valuable medium of 
 advertisement to manufacturers and others, 
 having a large circulation and penetrating, as 
 it does, to all classes of business circles. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 13& 
 
 By the payment of ten dollars subscribers 
 are entitled to all publications, and the ser- 
 vices of the attorneys, wherever located, 
 who will undertake to collect their debts or 
 advertise for sale such claims as are not met at 
 maturity in their particular locality. While 
 this system is successfully pursued, every care 
 is taken not to unduly crowd those who are 
 willing to pay, while with those who from dis- 
 honesty try to evade, every means of enforce- 
 ment will be lawfully exercised. 
 
 The terms for collection are published in 
 each monthly edition of the Photie aftd no de- 
 viation is made therefrom. 
 
 We have said enough to give our readers 
 some, at least a faint idea of this institution, 
 and the great advantages to be derived there- 
 from. Further particulars and sample num- 
 bers of the Comynercial Phone will be cheer- 
 fully furnished on application. We can 
 cordially commend this company as a reliable 
 and useful enterprise, and we are sure that no 
 better investment for a business man will be 
 found than in a subscription to the United 
 States and Foreign Advertising Agency, which 
 thoroughly does its work, with perfect security 
 to its pati'ons and subscribers. 
 
 RUFUS P. RANDALL, Agent, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Paints, 
 Oils, Varnishes, and Artists Materials, 
 71 Genesee Street. 
 
 In depicting the commerce of Utica we can- 
 not omit certain facts with relation to the trade 
 in paints, oils, glass, colors, painters' and art- 
 ists' supplies, &c., that will be found useful 
 and interesting to many of our readers at 
 home and within a convenient shipping radius. 
 It affords us pleasure therefore to allude to 
 the well known house of Rufus P. Randall as 
 being preeminent in this department of busi- 
 ness, a statement made more apparent by the 
 following brief description of its facilities and 
 resources. 
 
 The concern was established in the year 1878 
 as Randall & Hawley, and since 1881 it has 
 been carried on solely by Mr. Randall. 
 
 The business premises occupied by the firm 
 consist of store and basement at the above ad- 
 dress which are of the dimensions of 90x40 feet, 
 and which are stocked with every article 
 known to the trade in the way of paints and 
 oils, glass, putty, brushes, glue, varnishes, 
 sand paper, colors, frames, &c., besides a full 
 line of artists' materials and fancv articles; 
 
 and also a loft which is utilized as a shop for 
 making picture frames of all grades and kinds, 
 but more particularly fine gilt and ornamental- 
 frames. 
 
 In varnishes a large assortment of grades- 
 are kept in stock, representing the different 
 qualities from the cheapest to the finest copal. 
 
 The trade, which comprises Utica and vicin- 
 ity as well as Central New York, results in 
 transactions of considerable dimensions. 
 
 Mr. Randall is a native of Michigan, but 
 may be said to be an old resident of Rochester, 
 where he was located previously to settling in 
 Utica five years ago. 
 
 Carrying a stock made up of the best and 
 most reliable goods known to the trade it is 
 incumbent on buyers in the advancement of 
 their own interests, that in making purchases 
 they bear in mind the above mentioned house, 
 where the variety is complete and prices inva- 
 riably satisfactory. 
 
 McKINNEY & ALLBRIGHT, 
 
 Wholesale Coal Dealers. Office, Baggs- 
 Hotel. 
 
 There is no branch of commerce which is of 
 more importance, and which enters more inti- 
 mately into the manufacturing and commer- 
 cial interests of a locality than the wholesale' 
 coal trade. The universal demand for this 
 wonderful product has given a prominence to 
 this trade second to none other, and Utica and 
 Oneida county are favored in facilities for ob- 
 taining this mineral at low rates not to be 
 easily duplicated elsewhere, thus affording yet 
 another inducement to those who are seeking 
 a location for the establishment of new enter- 
 prises. 
 
 The above firm has been in existence here for 
 a number of years, having removed hither from 
 Binghamton. They act as general agents for 
 the D. L. & W. Co.'s and D. & H. Canal Co.'s 
 well known coals. These are generally known 
 as Scranton and Lackawanna coals, and have 
 long been celebrated for their reputation of be- 
 ing the best quality of anthracite mined. 
 
 The house has sub-agencies located in differ- 
 ent sections, scattered over a territory extend- 
 ing from Pennsylvania through Central New 
 York, Canada and New England, and dealers 
 and manufactui-ers can be promptly supplied 
 with any quantity from a car load upwards at 
 the most moderate rates. Using the lines of 
 road which are the property of the above 
 named companies, every facility is at hand to 
 supply the mineral at the most reasonable rates. 
 
136 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 BAGG'S HOTEL, and 
 
 BUTTERFIELD HOUSE, Utica. 
 
 In but very few cities of this country, east 
 or west, are to be found two as well appointed 
 and first class hotels as the above, and in call- 
 ing the attention of our readers to some few 
 particulars connected with them, much will be 
 found of interest. 
 
 Bagg's Tavern, 1812. 
 
 The old Bagg's Tavern was first insti- 
 tuted in 1794, and was conducted by Moses 
 Bagg, until his death in 1808. He was suc- 
 ceeded by Moses Bagg, Jr., who carried on the 
 business until his death in 18SG In 1835, 
 however, Alfred Churchill, 
 who married Moses Bagg's 
 daughter, became connected 
 with the establishment, and _^ 
 the ownership remained m — 
 his hands until his death in ^^" 
 1865, when he was succeed 
 ed by J. A. South woith, ol 
 New York. In 1869, Mi 
 Southworth died, when Mi 
 T. R. Proctor, of Boston, 
 purchased the hotel, and it 
 is now conducted by him, m 
 -connection with the Spring 
 House, Richfield Springs, 
 and Butterfield House, Utica. 
 House was erected by the late Hon. John But- 
 terfield, in the year 1868, and it has been leased 
 by Mr Proctor since 1879. Although under 
 one management, the hotels have each a dis- 
 tinctly separate set of officers and servants. 
 The capacity of eaeh hotel is about the same. 
 
 there being accomodation in each for about 
 two hundred and fifty guests. 
 
 In the conduct of these hotels, everything is 
 thoroughly systematized. The different de- 
 partments are as follows : Room-Clerk's, House 
 Keeper's, Steward's, Head Waiter's, Laundry 
 and Wine, in the distinct separation of which 
 all confusion is avoided, and complete order 
 supervenes. 
 
 The cusine of the hotels leaves 
 nothing to be desired. Most of the 
 supplies are procured direct from 
 the New York markets. Bagg's 
 Hotel Farm, which is owned by Mr. 
 Proctor, supplies Jersey butter and 
 cream, eggs, poultry, vegetables, 
 etc., fresh morning and evening to 
 the hotels. The stock of wines and 
 liquors, is perfect, many of the 
 foreign productions being imported 
 directly by Mr. Proctor, from 
 France. 
 
 Of Mr. Proctor, personally we 
 have necessarily but little to remark^ 
 He is so well known both in the 
 conduct of these hotels and of the 
 well known Spring House at Rich- 
 field Springs, that any comment 
 from us would be entirely ' out of place. 
 Suffice for us, therefore, to say, that for the 
 tourist, business man, and commercial travel- 
 er, no better and more comfortable quarters 
 aie to be found between New York and Chica- 
 
 Butterfield 
 
 Bagg's Hotel 
 
 go than are furnished at these sister establish- 
 ments, and we can cordially commend them as 
 in every way desirable. 
 
 Tourists make it a point while en route to 
 the numerous and beautiful pleasure 
 resorts of which Utica is the centre to 
 to take at least one meal at Bagg's Hotel. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 137 
 
 UTICA FURNITURE CO., Limited, 
 
 Manufacturers of Bedsteads, Commodes, 
 AND Chamber Sets, Whitesboro and 
 Wiley Streets. 
 
 The tendency to specialization and the 
 almost minute division of leading industries 
 into separate branches, is nowhere more gen- 
 erally followed than in the manufacture of 
 furniture, and has led to the establishment of 
 extensive factories devoted to the manufacture 
 of particular articles, the products of which 
 are widely celebrated for their superior con- 
 struction and fine finish, at comparatively low 
 cost. 
 
 Exclusively engaged in the manufacture of 
 bedsteads, commodes and chamber sets, we 
 find the Utiea Furniture Co., (Limited,) who 
 commenced operations in this city in 1881, 
 and have since built up a trade which reaches 
 into all parts of the United States. 
 
 The manufacturing plant of the company is 
 Jocated as above designated, where employment 
 is given to seventy-five skilled operatives. To 
 aid them in the work the most complete facili- 
 ties are at hand, consisting of the most im- 
 proved machinery, erected at a cost of $45,000. 
 In fact the art of manufacturing this class of 
 goods has been brought to a state of perfection 
 and system by this company that is unsurpass- 
 ed in this or any other country. 
 
 The control of the manufacturing depart- 
 ments is vested in the hands of Mr. G-. P. 
 Richardson, who is the superintendent of the 
 works, and is by him conducted to the interests 
 of the company and the consumer. Mr. Peter 
 Vidvard is president, Mr. P. W, Klages is 
 treasurer, and Mr. E. K. Patten officiates as 
 secretary. All these gentlemen are too well 
 known to the community to need personal 
 comment at our hands. 
 
 The furniture produced by the concern is 
 of the newest patterns and possesses, in some 
 instance, marked improvements and ajjvanta- 
 ges. Thus they make a bedstead which does 
 not require slats and although high and very 
 strong, can, in a very short space of time, be 
 packed in a small compass for shipping, and 
 also has an arrangement by means of which 
 the hangings can be changed at once and with 
 but little trouble. Also, bureaus and com- 
 modes, the drawers of which are warranted to 
 open and shut easily and without binding or 
 sticking, and requiring for the whole but one 
 lock and handle. These are but a few of the 
 improved articles of furniture made by the 
 
 concern. They are rapidly extending their 
 operations and are determined to place before 
 the trade the newest novelties and improve- 
 ments. 
 
 In conclusion we will state that the facilities 
 enjoyed by this company, among which we 
 will mention the low cost of conducting the 
 enterprise, owing to the reasonable cost of 
 labor, &c., in this section, enables them to com. 
 pete on favorable terms with other similar es- 
 tablishments; and dealers and others will find 
 it to their interest to investigate these facts for 
 themselves before placing their orders else- 
 where. 
 
 WESTCOTT & REUSSWIG, 
 Merchant Tailors, 88 Genesee Street. 
 
 In a careful review of the commercial enter- 
 prises of Utica, it will be plainly observable 
 that some houses possess great advantages over 
 others in the same line of business, the result, 
 in some cases, of longer experience, and in 
 others of a greater natural aptitude for the 
 particular trade or profession. 
 
 In the business of fine merchant tailoring 
 Messrs. Westcott & Reusswig may be said to 
 have attained their well known reputation as 
 makers of men's attire, from both of the essen- 
 tials mentioned. The commercial department 
 of the business is under the care of Mr. West- 
 cott, while Mr. Reusswig devotes his long ex- 
 perience to the practical department of the 
 business. This long experience, coupled with 
 an extensive knowledge of what constitutes 
 symmetry and beauty of design in wearing 
 apparel, has given him a proficiency attained 
 by few of his compeers, and the truth of which 
 is exemplified in the high reputation which 
 the products of the house have obtained. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business com- 
 prise a handsome store at the address as above, 
 where may be found a large and varied stock 
 of Prench, English and German woolens and 
 suitings, embracing the latest patterns in the 
 market, and many single patterns of special 
 design not to be found elsewhere, as well as 
 the standard goods generally sought after by 
 those who are more conservative in the char- 
 acter of their dress. The custom of this house 
 is very largely drawn from the elite of our city 
 and vicinity. Employment is furnished to 
 about forty select custom workers, only those 
 who are thoroughly reliable being secured to 
 make up the garments of this establishment. 
 With these facilities Messrs. Westcott & 
 
138 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 Reusswig are able to guarantee a perfect fit in 
 every instance, reliable goods and workman- 
 ship, not excelled in this or any other city in 
 the country. 
 
 UTICA'S SCHOOL FOR YOUNG LADIES, 
 Utica, N. Y. 
 The above educational institution is entitled 
 to a prominent place in our pages, not only by 
 reason of the liigh reputation which it justly 
 enjoys, but also on account of its long estab- 
 lishment and interesting record. 
 
 by the institution has been recognized and 
 appreciated. 
 
 The first location for the school was a tempo- 
 rary building used while the permanent edifice 
 was being erected. This was occupied in 1839, 
 the principal of the school for many years 
 being Miss Sheldon, who afterwards married 
 Professor Nott, of Union College. She was 
 succeeded by Miss Kelly, who still resides in 
 this city ; after her incumbency, Miss Hamil, 
 was principal of the school for a few years. 
 In 1875, Mrs. J. C. G. Piatt, the lady who is 
 now the principal, assumed permanently the 
 
 It was founded about the year 1837, by a 
 society of gentlemen forming a stock company. 
 At that period there were no schools above 
 those of a merely elementary character, and 
 the object of this institution was that an edu- 
 cation of a higher class might be available for 
 the daughters of those residing in this section. 
 As years advanced, however, the scope of the 
 school has been greatly extended, until at this 
 time pupils come here from the most distant 
 portions of the country. This has been brought 
 about in the natural order of events, as the 
 peculiarly high course of education imparted 
 
 direction. We will mention that the present 
 building was erected prior to the incumbency 
 of Mrs. Hamil, the original structure having 
 been destroyed by fire. 
 
 It will not be neccessary for us to mention 
 the names of the gentlemen who to-day consti- 
 tute the board of trustees. Sufiicient for us 
 to say that they are representatives of the 
 most prominent professional and business men 
 of the city. As it is, the school is leased to 
 Mrs. Piatt, who is the absolute principal of 
 the establishment, and is uncontrolled in every 
 way by the trustees. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 139 
 
 The course of instruction includes tuition in 
 all the English branches, and the Greek, Latin, 
 French, and German languages. Supplemen- 
 tary studies in vocal and instrumental music, 
 painting and drawing are also given. 
 
 About sixteen teachers assist the principal 
 in educating forty resident pupils, in addition 
 to a number of day pupils whose friends live 
 in the city. Of these instructors Dr. Fleish- 
 man, in instrumental music, and Prof. Evans, 
 in vocal music, are especially noticeable. 
 
 We have not the space to further speak of 
 the advantages of this institution, neither do 
 we Vish unduly to indulge in laudation, but 
 there can be no reason to daubt the fact that 
 but few educational establishments in the 
 country impart such a thorough and complete 
 course of instruction as that obtained under 
 the tutelage of Mrs. Piatt. A number of 
 graduates from Vassar and other colleges 
 have acquired the major portion of their 
 knowledge at this school, and the large num- 
 ber of pupils obtained from the commendation 
 of friends who have partaken of its advanta- 
 ges, constitutes perhaps its best commendation. 
 
 N. HOWE, 
 
 Wholesale Groceii, and Produce Commis- 
 sion, 34 Fayette Street. 
 
 Of recently established houses connected 
 with the grocery and produce commission bus- 
 iness, we must call attention to that of Mr. N. 
 Howe, who is located as above. His premises 
 ■consist of a store and basement 100x18 feet in 
 dimensions, which serves as a seat for the 
 transaction of a business which includes the 
 dealing in a large assortment of all kinds of 
 staple and fancy groceries, teas, coffees, spices, 
 pork, flour, butter, cheese and eggs, the latter 
 ■of which is mainly handled on commission 
 from the farmers. 
 
 The business was established about a year 
 ago, and although young is already rapidly 
 gaining, and bids fair tu extend its operations 
 largely in the future. Buying goods direct 
 from producers, and being content with a small 
 margin of profit, Mr. Howe is determined to 
 g;ain trade and to hold it against all competi- 
 tion. 
 
 The trade of the house is at present in the 
 city and vicinity, where a large trade is already 
 established. 
 
 Mr. Howe is a native of Oneida county, res- 
 ident for ten years in the city. He is a gen- 
 tleman who can be depended on in all that 
 
 relates to the conduct of his affairs, and his 
 business is conducted on the strictest princi- 
 ples of commercial integrity. We therefore 
 commend this young house to our interested 
 readers who will here find what they desire at 
 terms and inducements which will meet with 
 their approbation. 
 
 GRAFF & WARNER, 
 
 Wholesale and Commission Dealers in 
 Fruits, Oysters and Canned Goods, 52 
 Franklin Square. 
 
 The handling of produce and fruits, both 
 foreign and domestic, is one of the most im- 
 portant branches of business in any commu- 
 nity ; the most distant parts of the earth are 
 brought under contribution to furnish their 
 products, and the facilities for their distribu- 
 tioii to consumers offered by the merchants 
 engaged in the trade, are annually increasing. 
 Among the best of those concerns in this 
 line of business we find Messrs. Graff & War- 
 ner, whose enterprise was first initiated in 1881 
 under the style of Fred, Graff & Co., and 
 which in August, 1882, assumed its present 
 title. 
 
 The premises occupied consist of three floors 
 including store, of the dimensions of 180x25 
 feet, which affords ample room for storage of 
 the stock, which embraces fruit and vegeta- 
 bles of all kinds, canned goods of the best 
 brands, oysters and general country produce. 
 The facilities of the firm are not to be surpass- 
 ed, as their relations with shippers and pro- 
 ducers are direct, and choice products may at 
 all times be found in stock. 
 
 All foreign fruits and vegetables are pro- 
 cured direct from the ship at their ultimate 
 ports of destination, and the canned goods 
 handled are only those which can be depended 
 on for being put up in the best and most sci- 
 entific way, and properly soldered, and con- 
 taining only the best articles of food ; oysters 
 are received direct from the growers, and in 
 fact every care is taken to supply the very 
 best goods procurable in the market. 
 
 A unique feature of the business is that the 
 firm draw a portion of their stock of oranges 
 from orange groves at Esperanza on the St. 
 Johns River, in Florida, which is the property 
 of one of the members of the firm, and which 
 has about 3,500 trees in fruit bearing and 
 flourishing condition. 
 
 The firm sell on commission all kinds of per- 
 ishable fruits such as peaches, grapes, 
 
140 
 
 berries, &c.. and projnpt sales are guaranteed, 
 and advances made if required. 
 
 A very large trade is done throughout the 
 State of New York, and also to Canada, and 
 about twelve assistants are given employment, 
 including two commercial travelers. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. Fred. Graif, who is a native of Alsace, 
 and S. Campbell Warner, who was born in this 
 county. They have been, however, residents 
 of this city for many years. Both gentlemen 
 can be depended on for a perfect knowledge 
 of their business in all its details. Mr. Graff 
 was for thirteen years in the employ of Job 
 Parker's Sons, of this city. 
 
 We may add in conclusion that those open- 
 ing relations with this house may rely upon 
 the fair dealing and liberality of all transac- 
 tions undertaken, and of receiving the best of 
 goods only at lowest prices. 
 
 J. M. READ, 
 
 Lumber Dealer and Drain Tile, foot of 
 Division Street. 
 
 The exclusive manufacturing interests of 
 Utica make the lumber trade a business of first 
 importance. The favorable location of the 
 city and its water communication with the 
 great lumber centei's of the United States and 
 Canada, makes it a very desirable market, 
 while the many lines of railroad reaching into 
 the surrounding country in all directions pro- 
 vide unusual shipping advantages, and have 
 centered here a lumber trade which is every 
 year increasing in importance. 
 
 Favorably located for the transaction of 
 business, we find the well known and old estab- 
 lished business of J. H. Read. A lumber yard 
 containing about an acre of ground is located 
 at the above address, in close proximity to the 
 railroads and canals. A large stock of Pine 
 and Hemlock lumber is carried, as well as 
 shingles, pickets, posts, &c., suitable for farm- 
 ers and others. These can be depended on for 
 being thoroughly seasoned, and they are sup- 
 plied at reasonable rates to those needing 
 them. 
 
 Besides the above Mr. Read makes a specialty 
 in dealing in Drain Tile for land draining, and 
 is also agent for Reedy's Power and Hand Ele- 
 vators and the Champion Mower. 
 
 Mr. Read established his business as far back 
 as 1845, so that it is thoroughly well known to 
 our citizens. He is a native of England but 
 has resided here since 1828. He is a gentleman 
 
 THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 of thorough experience in all the details of his 
 business, and we commend him in every way 
 to the consideration of our readers. 
 
 Dealer in Hats and Caps, and Manu- 
 facturer OF FuKS, 104 Genesee Street. 
 
 We are perfectly safe in asserting that few 
 cities can boast of po.ssessing stores of a more 
 handsome and attractive character than that 
 which serve as the basis for the business of 
 the above gentleman. It is fitted up in the 
 best manner, and with its double plate glass- 
 front and handsome plate glass show cases on 
 both sides covering the walls, it is unquestion- 
 ably one of the most attractive in the city. 
 
 The business of Mr. Martin was first estab- 
 lished in 1857 by A. Albrecht, and came under 
 the proprietorship of its present incumbent in 
 1868, since which time it has succeeded in es- 
 tablishing a reputation due to a great extent 
 to the energy and enterprise with which its- 
 operations have been conducted. 
 
 A full and complete assortment of hats and 
 caps is carried, consisting of the latest syles- 
 and from the best manufacturers. A large 
 trade is transacted with the best class of the 
 community both of this city and surrounding- 
 country. 
 
 A specialty of the house is the manufacture 
 of fine furs. The skins are procured direct 
 from first hands and the whole of the con- 
 structive work is executed by the firm on the 
 premises. 
 
 Sealskin sacques, muffs, tippets, boas, buffalo- 
 robes, caps, &c., are made to order if required, 
 and the prices are governed by a sense of 
 moderation, at the same time that the quality 
 of goods is the best. This has, to a large ex- 
 tent, operated to the success of the business 
 and its prosperity and increase. 
 
 Mr. Martin is prepared to store and take 
 charge of furs during the summer months, 
 guaranteeing against moth and insuring: 
 against fire. 
 
THE CITY OF UTICA. 
 
 141 
 
 All transactions with the house will be found 
 to be perfectly satisfactory and are conducted 
 in a spirit of fair dealing and business in- 
 tegrity to the satisfaction of all having deal- 
 ings with it. 
 
 ADAMS BROS. & CO. 
 
 Rope and Twine Manufacturers, 51 Oneida 
 Street. 
 
 The only establishment in Central New 
 York devoted to the manufacture of rope, 
 twine, &c., is that of the above firm. It was 
 originally founded in 1848, as J. & W. Adams, 
 and retained that title until 1870, when it 
 adopted its present style of Adams Bros. & Co. 
 
 The premises which are utilized for the pur- 
 poses of the business are located at 51 Oneida 
 street, and consist of a rope walk 400 feet in 
 length, where is made rope and twine of all 
 sizes, from the finest twine up to a ship's cable 
 if required. These are manufactured from 
 various materials, such as hemp, flax, manilla 
 and sisal, and in the best manner, every care 
 being taken that the strands are perfect. The 
 
 reputation which the goods of this house have 
 achieved in past years testifies in the strongest 
 manner to their uniform good quality. 
 
 A large trade, which is annually increasing, 
 is transacted throughout Central New York, 
 and in some instances penetrating beyond. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. J, and W. Adams, who are natives of 
 England, and Mr. Newton Adams, who was 
 born in this city. All these gentlemen are, 
 thoroughly practical men in every department 
 of their craft, and exercise a personal super- 
 vision over the sixteen hands in their employ, 
 thus affording a responsible guarantee that 
 only perfect goods shall leave their works. 
 
 To the trade and others concerned we are 
 safe in cordially commending this house, not 
 only for its long existence and the superior 
 character of the output, but also by reason of 
 the universal adoption of the best principles 
 of commercial probity, which have always 
 been characteristic of their efforts and which 
 have been the prime motor of a success as 
 stable as it has been merited, forming thus an- 
 other example of the many stable and pros- 
 perous houses in Utica who can date an exist- 
 ence from the earlier half of the century. 
 
 Court Street M. E. Church, Utica, N. Y, 
 
THE CITY OF ROME, 
 
 ITS COMMERCIAL AND MANUFACTURING INTERESTS. 
 
 THE early history of the city of Rome is full of interest and extends a long 
 way into the past. Fort Stanwix is a familiar name to the student of the 
 history of early times. Within the township of Rome, the Mohawk river 
 and Wood creek come within a mile of each other. In fact there are good 
 reasons to believe that they once formed or were both parts of a lake covering the 
 intervening space. The spot where the two streams were so near was called a 
 " carrying place," for there canoes and boats with their cargoes were carried from 
 one stream to the other. It was greatly used by traders and some difficulty 
 grew out of it, which resulted in petitions and memorials to the Assembly. 
 As early as 1724, French merchants and those from New York came in com- 
 petition and quai-relled over their right to the " carrying place." In 1726, the 
 English sent one hundred men to Oswego to take possession and build a fort. 
 The necessity for a fort at the " carrying place" became evident, and in 1736 a 
 number of Indian traders sent a petition to the Assembly, setting forth the 
 needs in that direction. There is a legend, with some show of foundation, that 
 there were two forts which were destroyed, one by fire and the other by water, 
 near where Fort Schuyler afterwards stood. If this be so, they were small and 
 unsubstantial affairs. Fort Bull stood two and one-half miles from Fort Stan- 
 wix. This fort was burned in 1756. The " carrying place" figured very ex- 
 tensively in the history of those times and was often mentioned in State papers. 
 The year 1758 found William Pitt, Earl of Chatham, at the head of the 
 British Ministry. Ilis spirit of enterprise and energy was infused into all de- 
 partments of the government, and from it Oneida county received some benefit. 
 When the importance of a fortification at the head of the Mohawk at the "carry- 
 ing place" was brought to his notice, he saw at once that it was something which 
 demanded immediate attention. Fort Stanwix was at once erected at a cost of 
 $300,000, or, in the money of the time, 60,000 pounds sterling. In form it was 
 square, in its construction engineering skill had done its best, and it was built 
 according to the most approved scientific principles of the time. It was sur- 
 rounded by a broad ditch and had four bastions. It was named Fort Stanwix 
 in honor of General Stanwix, then commanding. An idea of how important it 
 was considered, may be obtained from the fact that when Lieut. Gov. Delancey 
 was congratulating the Legislature on what they had done, he mentioned the 
 erection of Fort Stanwix in the same breath with the reduction of Louisbero; 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 143 
 
 and the success of Bradstreet at Frontenac, Ticonderoga, Crown Point. Niagara 
 and Quebec were taken by the English in 1759. On the 13th of September 
 in that year, General James Wolfe, of the British, and General Montcalm of the 
 French, two brave men, lost their lives, and in 1760 the rest of Canada was 
 subdued and added to Britain. Thus it happened that Fort Stanwix lost its 
 importance and was suffered to go to ruin and decay. The years that followed 
 brought Fort Stanwix into prominence a^jain, and the history of the United 
 States for those years has frequent mention of it. In October, 1784, the war- 
 riors and chiefs of the Six Nations met Oliver Wolcott, Richard Butler and 
 Arthur Lee, United States Commissioners, at Fort Stanwix, and made a treaty 
 in which the Indians agreed to give up all captives taken in war, and relin- 
 quished their claim to the north western part of the State as well as a part of 
 Ohio. Red Jacket was there and opposed the treaty. Among those present was 
 LaFayette. It was one of his last acts as an officer in the service of the United 
 States. 
 
 It will thus be seen that the ground on which Rome stands is historic. 
 Every inch of it has felt the foot-fall of marching men. It has been soaked 
 with the blood of friends atid foes. About Fort Stanwix centered a world of 
 interest when this fertile valley was one vast battle-ground. Few, if any, 
 towns in the State, can point with better reason to the importance of its early 
 history. The limits of this article, or even the limits of this book, would scarce 
 suffice to do it justice. In a sketch of this sort it has only been possible rather 
 to show than explain the importance of the spot in American history. The 
 subject affords an interesting field of study for any one with a taste for such 
 inquiry. 
 
 It is difficult to fix a date and say that from that date the history of the 
 settlement of the town of Rome begins. A shop for work in silver and brass 
 was established there in 17S4, by Jedediah Phelps, who came into the county 
 with Judge Dean. In the following Spring he was literally drowned out. 
 Five log houses were standing in the neighborhood of Fort Stanwix in 178'3. 
 At the same time there were seven at Whitesboro, three at Oriskany, three at 
 Utica, and three in Westmoreland. 
 
 John Barnard kept a tavern in 1793 near the site of the present Court 
 House. In April of the same year, Mr. George Huntington brought a small 
 stock of goods for sale, and, for want of a better place, made a store in one part 
 of Barnard's bar-room. This was Rome's first store. During the following 
 season Mr. Huntington put up a small one-story framed building, into which 
 he moved his goods. His brother Henry came from New York in 1798.- 
 They built a good store for the times, on James street afterward. In this 
 building, in 1799, Thomas Walker opened Rome's first printing office. Eaton 
 & Walker were the proprietors of the first neswpaper, which was called The 
 Columbian Qazette. In 1795 the first grist mill was erected on Wood's creek. 
 Grain was brought from long distances and by devious water courses, to be 
 ground at this mill. In 1797 Dr. Stephen White was keeping a hotel at the 
 lower landing on the Mohawk. Before the year 1800, a man named Logan 
 kept a hotel on the corner of James and Dominick streets. The Western In- 
 land Lock Navigation Company was incorporated March 30, 1792. They 
 completed a canal connecting the Mohawk with Wood's creek. The mill was 
 fed from the Mohawk. 
 
 Among the prominent men of Rome before 1800, were John Barnard, George 
 Huntington, Joshua Hathaway, Rozel Fellows, Matthew Brown, Seth Ranney, 
 David Brown, Thomas Wright, Thomas Selden, Solomon Williams, Peter Colt, 
 William Colbrath, Moses Fish, Jeremiah Storrs and John Niles. Geors-e Hunt 
 
144 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 ^ngton was collector and Peter Colt superintendent for the Western Inland 
 Lock Navigation Company, till the completion of the Erie canal. 
 
 For the war of 1812 Kome did nobly, sending out many valiant men. 
 Major Samuel Dill, of Rome, was at Sacketts Harbor under Col. Bellinger, in 
 1812. Gov. Tompkins appointed Joshua Ilatliaway Quarter Master General 
 of New York, and directed him to go to Sacketts Harbor. In the fall, when 
 the Oneida county militia were called to the same place, the 157th Regiment 
 was the Rome company. It was commanded by John Westcott. In 1813, the 
 United States arsenal, magazine and officers quarters were erected. On July 
 4, 1817, the first ground was broken on the Erie canal. The event was the 
 occasion of great ceremonies. The honor of throwing out the first shovelful 
 of dirt was given to Hon. Joshua Hathaway. On the Erie canal Bela B. Hyde 
 was the first collector at Rome, and held that office eighteen years. Col. John 
 Westcott paid the first tolls, on a raft of lumber. At first the canal passed 
 about half a mile south of Rome, but its course has since been changed. 
 
 The First Congregational Church was formed in Rome, September 25, 
 1^00, and had eleven members. The first pastor was Rev. Moses Gillett, a 
 graduate of Yale College. The Second Congregational Church was established 
 in 1^30. In July, 1831, after having been supplied for a year. Rev. Jacob 
 Helfenstine became their pastor. The Baptist Church was formed in 1817. 
 Zion's (Episcopal) Church was organized in 1825, and Rev. A. S. Hollister was 
 its first pastor. A Methodist Church was established as early as 1799. A 
 church edifice was built in 1828. In 1847, the Welsh Church was instituted. 
 These are some of the older churches. Since then many have been added to 
 the list, and there are numerous substantial and elegant church edifices. 
 
 The growth of Rome was comparatively slow at first, but its natural advant- 
 ages soon made it a large village. It has been incorporated as a city but a few 
 years, but has wonderfully improved since then. It it situated on the Erie 
 canal and N. Y. Central Railroad. It is one terminus of the Rome, Watertown 
 & Ogdensburg road. Both these roads do a large business in that city. The 
 subject of education receives a good deal of attention, and the schools, under 
 Prof. Barringer, are first-class. The Rome Academy was built by subscription 
 in 1848. There are other schools about the city, all under competent manage- 
 ment and instructors. 
 
 A few years since Messrs. Beers & Kessinger established a daily paper, the 
 Rome Sentinel^ which is ably conducted and has a large circulation. There are 
 other papers published weekly, of which the Citizen and liepuhlican are worthy 
 of mention as being readable journals. 
 
 The government of the city is in the hands of the Mayor and Common 
 Council, who, with their subordinates, attend to the city's affairs. The police 
 force is sufficient to preserve order, and the entire city shows the result of wise 
 administration. The residents of Rome are wide-awake, public spirted men, 
 who ever have at heart the city's welfare. The only lack the place now feels is 
 the want of a sufficient and better equipped fire department. There is reason 
 to believe that this will be one of the improvements of the near future. The 
 business of the place is manufacturing and commercial. Iron mills and other 
 industries furnish employment for a number of hands. The locomotive works 
 are a prominent part of the manufacturing interests of the city. Rome is in 
 the midst of a rich farming countrj^, and derives a rich trade in all sorts of mer- 
 chandise from out of town people. They have a court house and jail, and share 
 with Utica the honor of being the capital of Oneida county. A new jail has 
 just been erected, which is a credit to the county and an ornament to the city. 
 The streets are pleasant and in the residence portion are lined with fine dwell- 
 ings. The people are hospitable, and taken together New York has few cities 
 more pleasant to live in than Rome. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 145 
 
 ROME MERCHANT IRON MILL, 
 
 Manufacturers of Best Grades of Mer- 
 chant Iron ; Works on Canal Street. 
 
 The extensive works of the above named 
 company, located on the Erie canal and the 
 Rome and Clinton R.R., are entitled to rank 
 among the most important industries of Rome. 
 They were established in 1868, and have since 
 acquired a wide-spread reputation for the 
 superior quality of their products. The plant 
 embraces several acres adjoining the Erie canal, 
 which lands coal and iron on their own dock, 
 besides which it is connected by branch tracks 
 
 with the N. Y. C. R.R., and the Rome and Clin- 
 ton railroad also passes it. The plant is im- 
 proved by substantial buildings suitable for 
 the purpose, and admirably arranged for 
 their business. These consist of a frame and 
 brick mill 220x125 feet in dimensions, a two 
 story machine shop 40x40 feet, a blacksmith 
 shop 60x25 feet, a scrap shop of same dimen- 
 sions, and oil house 20x28 feet, a store and 
 stock house 60x120 feet, and several other 
 smaller buildings. The works are equipped 
 with steam engines having an aggregate force 
 of about 560 horse-power, five double and two 
 single puddling furnaces, four heating furnaces, 
 twelve steam boilers, a machine shop and 
 blacksmith shop, each supplied with the neces- 
 sary machinery, and a force of two hundred 
 hands are engaged, the works running contin- 
 uously, with a capacity for producing about 
 eight hundred tons of iron annually. 
 
 The products of these works rank equal to 
 any made in the world, and are made in form 
 suitable for all mechanical purposes. They 
 embrace the best grades of flat, round, square, 
 oval, half-oval, half-round, hexagon, horse- 
 shoe, scroll, hoop and band iron, and a demand 
 
 for the products has been built up, extending 
 throughout the United States. A specialty of 
 the works is the manufacture of a superior 
 quality of iron from charcoal pig iron, branded 
 "J. G.," which has proved a perfect substitute 
 for Norway iron in many industries. 
 
 This company has succeeded in establishing 
 a fine reputation for their goods, which war- 
 rants the belief that the present capacity of 
 their works must soon be increased, to enable 
 them to supply the demand. In point of fact, 
 the company are^ow engaged in making im- 
 provements by putting in a new 18 inch Train, 
 which will enable them to roll steel it a demand 
 should be made for it. 
 The company is of- 
 fiered by Messrs. G. V. 
 Selden, President, B. J. 
 Beach, Vice-President, 
 J B. Jervis, Secretary, 
 A R. Rand, Treasurer, 
 John Graves, Superin- 
 tendent, and Jay Kild- 
 leth. Agent, gentle- 
 men of unquestioned 
 integrity and ability, 
 ■ft hose management has 
 made this, in the value 
 of its products, one of 
 the most important in- 
 dustries of Rome, and one which gives every 
 promise of reaching]even more extensive pro- 
 portions. 
 
 CENTRAL NATIONAL BANK, 
 Rome, N. Y. 
 
 It is impossible to make a thorough disclosure 
 of the numerous advantages of this city as the 
 center of trade, enterprise and capital, or 
 properly review those varied resources which 
 tend to advance its prosperity, without men- 
 tion of the financial institutions, through the 
 indispensable aid of which this prosperity is 
 promoted, and made more stable and secure. 
 To this subject we have devoted considerable 
 attention, and among the most solid monetary 
 institutions of Rome we find the Central Na- 
 tional Bank is one exercising a most potent 
 influence upon the financial condition of this 
 community. 
 
 Chartered as a State bank June 20, 1853, and 
 known as the Oneida Central Bank, it contin- 
 ued to do business until 1865, when it was re- 
 organized under the National banking laws. 
 
146 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 The chief executive officers are S. B. Stevens, 
 president, and C. S. Griilin, cashier, who are 
 assisted by the following gentlemen, all of 
 whom are closely identified with the manu- 
 facturing and commercial advancement of this 
 city, and who form the Board of Directors: A. 
 Ethridge, Stephen Van Dresar, S. S.T. Smith, 
 C D. Prescott, A. W. Orton, Henry Johnson, 
 T. G. Nock, M. C. West, Henry Hager, Sal- 
 mon Tuttle, John Halstead, James Stevens, 
 Frank White and Henry Patrick. 
 
 With a capital of $100,000 and a manage- 
 ment able, judicious and conservative, it is no 
 matter of surprise that the surplus fund alone 
 amounts to over $48,000. Conducting a regular 
 discount and deposit business, the bank also 
 makes collections through its correspondents, 
 at all points, the principal of which are at 
 New York, the Metropolitan National Bank 
 and the Mercantile National Bank. 
 
 This bank occupies a part of its own granite 
 building for the purposes of its business. 
 This building covers an area of 25x90 feet, is 
 three stories high and forms one of the princi- 
 pal architectural features of the main street 
 of the city. 
 
 From the brief account given of this institu- 
 tion, it may with safety be asserted that no 
 other bank has exercised a more active influ- 
 ence in conducing to the general well-being of 
 the business men of Rome. 
 
 SMITH & PUTNAM, 
 
 Real Estate and Genekal Insurance 
 Agents, 48 James Street. 
 
 While likely to be ignored in summing up 
 the commercial or manufacturing interests, 
 resources or advantages of a community, the 
 insurance business has yet so vital a bearing 
 on all these as to make it fully entitled to 
 consideration in this work. 
 
 Prosecuting an enterprise in this direction 
 is the firm of Smith & Putnam, which was or- 
 ganized in 1872, and is composed of Messrs. 
 M. W. Smith and K. S. Putnam, both well 
 known residents and public spirited citizens of 
 Rome. 
 
 In glancing over the list of companies rep- 
 resented in this city by Messi's. Smith & Put- 
 nam, we find that their assets and surplus 
 afford an unquestioned guarantee for solvency 
 and solid indemnity. They are as follows: 
 
 Commercial Union, London; Glens Falls, 
 Glens Falls, N. Y. ; Hanover, New York ; 
 Howard, New York; Imperial, London; Liv- 
 
 erpool & London & Globe, Liverpool and 
 London: Northern, London: Orient. Hartford ; 
 Phenix, Brooklyn; Royal, Liverpool; Standard, 
 London ; Star, New York ; Travelers Insurance 
 Co., Hartford. 
 
 The firm are also largely engaged in the 
 real estate business, buying and selling prop- 
 erty in both city and country, renting property, 
 etc., and in the several departments of their 
 business they have an established trade extend- 
 ing throughout Northern and Central New 
 York. 
 
 With reference to the standing of the firm 
 in this community, not one word need be said, 
 so far as Romans are concerned ; but for the 
 information of others we may say, that from 
 the firm entire satisfaction is elicited in the 
 the transaction of business, and that celerity 
 in the adjustment of losses and the settlement 
 of all claims justly incurred may be implicitly 
 relied upon. The firm write their own policies 
 in behalf of the various companies heretofore 
 mentioned. 
 
 We take pleasure in commending the house 
 to our readers as one in every respect worthy 
 their fullest confidence. 
 
 ALBERT J. BROUGHTON, 
 
 Dealer in Drugs, Medicines, etc., 64 
 DoMiNiCK Street. 
 
 A well conducted establishment for the sale 
 of medicines and drugs, and the compound- 
 ing of physicians' and family prescriptions, 
 such as that of Mr. Albert J. Broughton, in 
 this city, is invaluable to a community. In 
 fact no name is more honorably associated with 
 the drug trade of Rome than the one under 
 notice, and no house in this line is now con- 
 ducting a more extensive business than this 
 one. The business was established in 1874, by 
 its present proprietor, who had for a number of 
 years previous been associated with his father 
 in the same line of business at Whitehall, N.Y., 
 and came to this city as a more promising 
 field for the exercise of his entei'prise. The 
 store occupied is located in the ' ' Willet House " 
 block, and it contains one of the largest stocks 
 of goods in this line to be found in the city, 
 including the ordinary class of goods carried 
 by first class drug and medicine houses, all of 
 which is of the most reliable character ; the repu- 
 tationof the house as dealing in only strictlypure 
 drugs and chemicals being thoroughly estab- 
 lished. The house also carries a full and 
 complete stock of paints, oils, window glass^ 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 147 
 
 etc., foreign and domestic wines and liquors, 
 druggists' sundries, perfumery, toilet articles, 
 etc. ■ The preparation of family and physi- 
 cians' prescriptions receives the most careful 
 attention, and a full line of all the leading 
 standard proprietary medicines can always be 
 found in stock. Occupying a prominent posi- 
 tion in the trade, and highly regarded by a 
 large circle of patrons, the house of Albert J. 
 Broughton well deserves the success it has at- 
 tained and the consideration and esteem it 
 enjoys in this community. 
 
 THE FARMERS' NATIONAL BANK, 
 Rome, N. Y. 
 
 Among the financial institutions of Rome, 
 the youngest but none the less prosperous, is 
 the Farmers' National Bank, established in 
 1875 as the Bank of Rome, and reorganized 
 in 1879, under the Natienal Banking laws, 
 with a capital of $100,000, and which has 
 already achieved a position of great promi- 
 nence and usefulness. In verification of the 
 foregoing, and taking our facts from its last 
 report, we find that the bank has accumulated 
 a surplus fund of $30,000, which alone speaks 
 volumes for the acumen displayed by those 
 under whose guidance its business is conducted. 
 
 The bank occupies for its counting rooms 
 the first of its own three story brick buildings, 
 20x70 feet in dimensions, which forms an or- 
 nament to the architectural appearance of the 
 main street of this city. 
 
 From its inception to the present day, little 
 or no change has taken place in its board of 
 directors, and none in its executive officers; 
 those now being as follows : 
 
 W. P. J. Kingsley, President ; R. M. Bing- 
 ham, Vice Pres. ; Samuel Wardwell, Cashier. 
 Directors: W. P. J. Kingsley, R. M. Bingham, 
 E. L. Stevens, A. P. Tuller, H. M. Lawton, 
 Edward Comstock, J.C.Smith, Louis Glesmann, 
 A. Sandford, Charles Rathbun, T. D. Roberts, 
 Wra. Brill, W. J. Lasher, H. J. Hitchcock, 
 W. W, Wardwell. 
 
 All are gentlemen having large interests in 
 Rome and Oneida county, ami are highly con- 
 cerned in the advancement of the city's 
 commercial welfare and prosperity. 
 
 Conducting a general banking business in 
 loans and discounts, making collections on all 
 points, and issuing drafts on all the chief 
 commercial centres of this country, the bank 
 numbers among its correspondents the Second 
 National Bank of New York, the Revere 
 
 National Bank of Boston, and the National 
 Albany Exchange Bank of Albany, N. Y. 
 
 Every facility of which the modern system 
 of banking has taken advantage, is offered to 
 customers by the Farmers' National Bank of 
 Rome, and that its efforts in this direction 
 have been appreciated, is evidenced by the 
 success and prosperity it enjoys. 
 
 HORACE MILLER, 
 
 Manufacturer and Dealer in Pumps and. 
 Pump Logs. 
 
 The only establishment in Rome devoted to 
 the manufacture of the above line of goods is 
 that of Mr. Horace Miller. This gentleman 
 was engaged for sixteen years in the same bus- 
 iness in Floyd, before establishing himself in 
 this city in 1874. Possessing ample facilities, 
 thoroughly experienced in his business, and 
 with an intimate knowledge of the trade, he 
 has established a reputation among users of 
 pumps which places his products in the front 
 rank. The premises occupied for the business 
 consist of a two story factory 30x40 feet in di- 
 mensions, with an addition 24x32 feet. It is 
 equipped with all necessary machinery and 
 tools, operated by an engine of 8 horse power, 
 and furnishes employment to about six skilled 
 workmen. 
 
 Mr. Miller makes a full line of wooden pumps 
 for stock and domestic use, and for both deep- 
 and shallow wells, in many different forms and 
 sizes, which his ample experience has shown 
 him will best meet the wants of the trade. 
 The material used is principally white Michi- 
 gan pine, carefully selected, thoroughly sea- 
 soned, and when finished with the aid of 
 improved machinery are stored in the factory 
 till all possibility of checking is passed, and 
 when ready for market are known to be in 
 perfect condition. All the latest improve- 
 ments in pump manufacture are embraced in 
 the work, while for style and finish they stand 
 second to none in the market. 
 
 Mr. Miller also manufactures water pipe of 
 all sizes, and does a general jobbing business 
 in sawing, turning, carpentry, &c. 
 
 The trade of the house extends throughout 
 the county and vicinity, and has been secured 
 and is maintained solely on the merit of the 
 goods, it ever having been the aim of the pro- 
 prietor to make a good pump rather than a 
 cheap one. This rule, which has been steadily 
 adhered to since the foundation of the house. 
 
148 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 renders further comment superfluous, and has 
 resulted in an annually increasing prosperity 
 and influence. 
 
 H. W. PELL, 
 
 Manufactueer of Side Bar Springs, and 
 Dealer in Carriage Goods, Washington 
 Street. 
 
 The many patented improvements in the 
 various parts of modern carriages have led 
 manufacturers to make a specialty of their own 
 patents, and it is certainly fair to assume that 
 firms making a specialty of the production of 
 a limited line of work, possessing improved 
 machinery, and employing workmen skilled 
 in making each part exactly alike, with the 
 least manipulation, and in the most exact per- 
 fection, are in a position to produce their 
 goods cheaper than they can be made by the 
 general manufacturer, and at the same time 
 improve the quality and finish of their work. 
 
 In presenting to the trade his patent "Com- 
 bination lock joint side bar spring," Mr. H. 
 W. Pell claims to have accomplished all we 
 have stated above, 
 and that he is 
 making the most 
 durable and easi- 
 est riding side-bar 
 spring in the 
 world. The prin- 
 ciple of this spring 
 is entirely new, 
 and the patent 
 covers all forms of 
 lock joints, and 
 since the introduc- 
 tion of this spring 
 to carriage makers 
 it has become a 
 great favorite. 
 This spring com- 
 bines all the points 
 of a side and cross 
 spring motion, al- 
 lows the wagon to 
 conform to uneven 
 surfaces, pass over 
 obstructions with 
 an elastic, steady 
 motion, and has no 
 shackles, couplings 01 loose joints to rattle or 
 wear out. The springs are made of the very 
 best steel, oil tempered, and in material, style, 
 workmanship and finish are the best that can 
 .be made. 
 
 This business was established in 1878 by its 
 present proprietor, who is also largely engaged 
 in the sale of all kinds of carriage goods, paints, 
 varnishes, carriage wood work, carriage hard- 
 ware, &c. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business con- 
 sist of a two story store and warehouse, and a 
 two story factory for the manufacture of gears, 
 which branch of business he has lately entered 
 into. The trade of the house extends through- 
 out the United States, and the success already 
 met with insures a prosperous future, which 
 the quality of the output fully merits. Mr. 
 Pell desires to call especial attention to his lock 
 joint side and cross spring, of which we give an 
 illustration. He is fully prepared to furnish 
 carriage and wagon manufacturers with gears 
 complete. 
 
 Mr. Pell is along-time resident of Rome, and 
 began his business career in this city, where 
 from his enterprise and general liberal policy 
 in all transactions, together with other personal 
 qualities, he has gained for himself the esteem 
 and respect of the community. 
 
 In conclusion, we have no hesitation in say- 
 ing to those of our readers interested in car- 
 riage goods, that business relations entered 
 into with this house are sure to prove of the 
 most satisfactory and advantageous character. 
 
 R. M. BINGHAM & CO., 
 
 Saddlery Hardware, &c., Rome, N. Y. 
 
 The present extensive enterprise of Messrs. 
 R. M. Bingham & Co., of this city, was estab- 
 lished in 1863, by the senior member of the 
 firm. The works are situated at the junction 
 of the N. Y. Central, D. L. & W., and R. W. 
 & 0. Railroads, and Erie and Black River 
 canals. The principal buildings, five in num- 
 ber, are substantially constructed of brick, and 
 range from three to six stories in height, hav- 
 ing an aggregate floorage area of about 170,000 
 square feet, or about four acres. Boats land 
 at the doors of the factories, and cars are 
 loaded direct from the works. The manufac- 
 turing departments are equipped with the most 
 labor-saving machinery, and employment is fur- 
 nished two hundred and twenty-five operatives. 
 
 The products of the house are chiefly coach 
 and saddlery hardware, carriage and wagon 
 wood-work, harness and horse furnishing goods, 
 which are sold to the trade throughout the 
 world. The firm publish a number of illus- 
 trated catalogues, relating to the various lines 
 of goods they manufacture, which they cheer- 
 fully forward to the trade upon application. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 149 
 
 GEORGE PAYXE, 
 
 Dealer in Lead and Iron Pipe, Pumps, 
 Slws, Guns, Fishing Tackle, &c., 45 
 Washington Street, Rome, N. Y. 
 
 The length of time which this well known 
 house has been before the public of Oneida 
 county, renders comment upon its affairs al- 
 most a superfluous work, and yet our purpose 
 to present a complete picture of the leading 
 business interests of Rome requires us to men- 
 tion such an establishment as this in more than 
 a passing manner._ 
 
 complete in all respects, and embracing the 
 most desirable goods in his respective lines, 
 Mr. Payne desires to call special attention to a 
 vacuum base pump invented by him, which 
 will draw more water with less labor, from a 
 driven or deep well, or at a distance of several 
 hundred feet, than any other pump heretofore 
 in use (see illustration). No driven well is com- 
 plete without it. 
 
 G. S. SMITH & CO. 
 
 Dealers in Agricultural Implements, &c.. 
 Butter and Cheese, 43 Washington St. 
 
 In no branch of industry has there been a 
 more marked advancement in the production 
 of articles of practical utility than in the 
 manufacture of agricultural implements. This 
 has been largely the result of the tendency of 
 the age towards specialties in manufacturing, 
 by which means houses confined to the produc- 
 tion of an article or piece of mechanism have 
 reached a higher degree of excellence than 
 those manufacturing many different kinds. 
 
 Mr. Payne established his present business 
 in this city about thirty years ago, and during 
 all the years that have since elapsed has been 
 engaged in supplying the public with the 
 latest novelties and most improved goods in the 
 several lines of which he makes specialties. 
 His stock embraces lead and iron pipe, sinks, 
 wood and iron pumps, water rams,' saws, 
 carpenters' tools, cutlery, plated ware, 
 builders' hardware, guns, pistols, fishing 
 tackle and a great variety of smaller goods. 
 In fire-arms his stock is the largest and most 
 complete in Oneida county, and includes the 
 various kinds manufactured by Parker, Pieper, 
 Colt, Winchester, Moore, Richards, Evans, 
 Forehand & Wadsworth and others. A lead- 
 ing specialty of the house is Hydraulic Rams, 
 which will raise water 200 feet with four feet 
 fall, or 30 feet with 24 inches fall, and will run 
 with a very small stream of water and never 
 stop. Buyers will find his stock large and 
 
 The establishment of immense factoiies for 
 manufacturing special agucultuial tools has 
 also led to the establishment of large ware- 
 houses throughout the country for the distribu- 
 tion of the products, and among such we note 
 in this city that of Messrs. G. S. Smith & Co., 
 which was founded in 1877, by G. S. Smith, to 
 whom the present firm of G. S. Smith and 
 S. S. T. Smith succeeded in 1880, since which 
 time a large trade has been built up, extending 
 througnout the neighboring counties. 
 
 The premises occupied by the firm consist 
 of a store and basement, and a large storehouse 
 for storeage, where an extensive stock of im- 
 proved farm machinery, tools and implements 
 is carried, including some of the most celebra- 
 ted in the market. Among such we note, horse 
 power threshers, wind mills, horse rakes, 
 horse hoes, sulky plows, hay tedders, power 
 hay and straw cutters, mowers and reapers, 
 automatic harvesters and self-binders, appar- 
 atus and supplies for butter and cheese factories, 
 also repairs for agricultural machinery, etc. 
 
150 
 
 THE CITY OF EOME. 
 
 Besides these the firm make a sjieclalty in 
 handling fertilizers, and also deal largely in 
 butter and cheese. During its existence, this 
 house has attained a leading position in the 
 trade, which ranks it among the ))cst in tlic 
 State, a fact which speaks volumes in belialf 
 of the superiority of the output: and the skill 
 and integrity of its management warrants us 
 in saying to our readers at a distance, that 
 they will confer a favor on themselves by con- 
 sulting Messrs. G. S. Smith & Co., with re- 
 ference to their wants in this direction before 
 making purchases elsewhere. 
 
 H. C. MAXWELL, 
 
 Manufacturer Saddlery Hardware Spe- 
 cialties, Brass and Iron Founder, &c., 
 86 Court Street. 
 
 In the important line of industry indicated 
 by the foregoing caption, we are not indulging 
 in any invidious comparisons by according a 
 foremost place in Rome's manufacturing cir- 
 cles to the enterprising house of Mr. H. C. 
 Maxwell, which was established in 1882, and 
 has already acquired a reputation and a trade 
 extending throughout the United States. 
 
 The manufacturing plant, located as above 
 indicated, consists of a two story factory 60x24 
 feet in dimensions, and a one story brass 
 foundery 24x24 feet. The works are equipped 
 with all necessary tools and machinery of im- 
 proved patterns, and are operated by an engine 
 of 15-horse power, employment being furnished 
 to ten skilled workmen. 
 
 The products of the works are chiefly sad- 
 dlery hardware specialties, most of which are 
 covered by patents issued to the proprietor. 
 Among these we note Maxwell's gag runner, 
 best out check bit, Bowling's patent hook 
 swivel, and Bowling's patent check bit, Amer- 
 ican check spreader, acme check spreader, 
 Keller's safety check, Chicago check ease, 
 Philip's patent holdbacks, whiffletree hooks, 
 Johnson's patent malleable hame tug loops. 
 Maxwell's check spreaders, etc. These and 
 other specialties have found great favor with 
 the trade, and for efficiency, durability and 
 usefulness have no rivals in the market. 
 
 Mr. H. C. Maxwell is also the publisher of 
 the Harness Gazette, an eight page monthly 
 newspaper, devoted to the interests of the har- 
 ness makers throughout the United States, 
 which besides containing a large amount of 
 matter valuable to the trade, also presents a 
 as may be inferred, is widely known for its 
 
 desirable medium for advertisers to reach this 
 important trade, its circulation being upwards 
 of 5,000 copies. 
 
 Mr. Maxwell is a resident of Rome, where he 
 is well known for his enterprise and public 
 spirit. Combining a practical knowledge of 
 the harness trade and its wants, and long ex- 
 perience in the business, with facilities which 
 afford ample promise of continued success and 
 usefulness, he may be said to be closely iden- 
 tified with the progress of the industrial re- 
 sources of Rome, upon which his establishment 
 has conferred many and lasting benefits. 
 
 G. W. BECK & SON, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Bealers in Fresh, 
 Salt and Smoked Meats, Sausage, Poul- 
 try, &c., 104 BoMNiCK Street. 
 
 Among the prosperous business houses of 
 Rome, whose extensive operations and well es- 
 tablished reputation entitle them to our most 
 favorable consideration, we note with pleasure 
 the above named house, the character and ex- 
 tent of whose business furnishes a fitting ex- 
 ample of the class of houses whose success is 
 the best evidence we can offer of the claims of 
 this thriving center to the consideration of the 
 'purchasing public, or to those seeking a loca- 
 tion in which to engage in business. 
 
 This house was founded about a quarter of a 
 century ago, by Mr. G. W. Beck, and was con- 
 ducted by him until 1878, when he admitted 
 his son, Mr. G. W. Beck, Jr., to an interest in 
 the business. The premises occupied for the 
 business, consists of a two story building 25x 
 100 feet in dimensions, which is supplied with 
 every modern convenience for the rapid and 
 economical prosecution of the business, the 
 sausage cutting being done by steam, and em- 
 ployment being found in the several depart- 
 ments for a number of assistants. 
 
 A leading feature of the business is the 
 handling of pork and hog products, and they 
 exercise great care in the selection of their 
 stock and in preparing it for market, which 
 justifies them in claiming to offer the trade and 
 consumers a line of goods which cannot be ex- 
 celled in any respect. All kinds of fresh and 
 salted meats are handled, and an ample sup- 
 ply may be always found in store, the trade of 
 the house extending throughout the country. 
 A specialty of the business of Messrs. Beck & 
 Son is the purchase of Western cattle in cargo 
 lots, with which they supply the trade at home 
 and abroad in quantities to suit. The house. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 151 
 
 as may be inferted, is widely known for its 
 superior products, and the high estimation in 
 which it is held by the trade is due to a long 
 course of honorable and liberal dealing with 
 their customers, and the enterprising and ener- 
 getic efforts of its management are steadily 
 extending its influence. 
 
 JOHN D. ELY, 
 
 Dealer in Stoves, Ranges, etc., 47 Domi- 
 NicK Street. 
 
 The location of the city of Rome as a dis- 
 tributing point for nearly all classes of merchan- 
 dise, has long been conceded to be one of 
 superior advantages. Of no class of goods is 
 this more true than of stoves, ranges, house- 
 keeping goods, etc., engaged in the sale of 
 which we find a number of reliable houses, 
 whose trade reaches throughout a large terri- 
 tory, and brings to the city much of its com- 
 mercial prosperity. Among those that stand 
 at the head of this branch of commerce may 
 be mentioned the house of Mr. John D. Ely, 
 which he founded in 1853, and which his 
 energy, enterprise and thorough knowledge of 
 the business have since developed to its present 
 prominent position. 
 
 The warerooms of the establishment, located 
 as above indicated, are comprised in a store 
 and basement, 100x23 feet in dimensions, a 
 work shop for tinware, etc., being located on 
 the second floor. Here may be found a very 
 large and complete stock of stoves, furnaces, 
 and ranges, from the most celebrated manu- 
 factories in the country, all of which have been 
 proved by experience to be best adapted for 
 nse, efficient in operation and economical of 
 fuel. The stock also embraces tin, copper and 
 iron ware, and a general stock of kitchen 
 furniture and house-keeping utensils. Mr. 
 Ely is sole agent in this market for the sale of 
 the celebrated ' ' Acorn" cook stoves and ranges, 
 "Gold Coin" wood cook, and "Splendid" 
 parlor heating stove, as well as all the products 
 of the Rochester, N. Y., Cooperative Foundry 
 Company. Nine assistants are employed in the 
 several departments of the business, and a 
 trade is transacted extending throughout 
 Oneida county. Mr. Ely, the founder and 
 proprietor of this enterprise, is a life-long resi- 
 dent of Rome, and is closely identified with 
 the advancement of her commercial prosperity. 
 He is a trustee of the Oneida County Savings 
 Bank, of the Deaf Mute Institute and of the 
 Cemetery Association of this city. A third of ' 
 
 a century devoted, not fruitlessly, to honest 
 endeavor has placed his house in a position to 
 which we may not presume to add. In conclu- 
 sion, however, we may state that it maintains 
 a place in commercial circles peculiarly its own, 
 and is regarded with a respect only accorded 
 the most useful and reliable houses in the city. 
 
 JACOBS & CAMPBELL, 
 
 Grocers and Storage, Forwarding and 
 Commission Merchants, Depeyster St. 
 
 The oldest house in Rome engaged in the 
 above named line of business, is that now eon- 
 ducted by Messrs. Jacobs & Campbell, the 
 senior member of which firm is the oldest for- 
 warder on the line of the Erie canal. This 
 business was established in 1842, by Messrs. 
 Jacobs & Dickinson, and after several changes 
 in the firm, came into the possession of the 
 present one in 1873; its individual members 
 being Messrs. Harrison Jacobs and Edward 
 Campbell. They occupy three large stores 
 fronting on Depeyster street, running through 
 to the Erie canal, with convenient dockage, 
 giving them every facility for prompt handling 
 of goods. The firm are agents for the " Syra- 
 cuse and Oswego Line," a freight line on the 
 Erie and Oswego canals running boats daily 
 from New York. They are also agents for the 
 "Rome, Carthage, Lowville and New York. 
 Line" and the " Rome, Buffalo and Chicagc 
 Line." They are prepared to make low rates 
 on either east or west bound freight, and they 
 insure the safe delivery of all goods they 
 handle. 
 
 Besides their forwarding business, Messrs. 
 Jacobs and Campbell also handle groceries, 
 flour, feed, pork, cement, salt, water-lime, baled 
 hay and straw, and ship chandlery stores, and 
 their intimate relation with large dealers give 
 them advantages for obtaining goods, which 
 they promptly share with their customers. 
 
 In a city receiving and shipping the immense 
 amount of freight which comes and goes to and 
 from Rome, such an establishment is one of 
 great importance, and when its business is as 
 well managed as that of Messrs. Jacobs and 
 Campbell, it becomes one of interest to all our 
 readers, and of great benefit to the city. A 
 special feature of the business of this firm is 
 the storage and handling of gi-ain, in which 
 they are the largest dealers in Rome. Many 
 of the largest commercial and manufacturing 
 houses of Rome and vicinity are constant 
 patrons of this firm, and highly endorse them 
 as prompt, reliable business men. 
 
152 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 BUELL, MERRIMAN & BARNETT, 
 
 Manufacturers of Saddlery Hardware, 
 Brass and Iron Founders, Rome, N. Y. 
 
 Few people not familiar with the details of 
 the business have an adequate idea of the na- 
 
 "T" RAIL HAMES. 
 
 ture and extent of the saddlery hardware trade, 
 as it exists in this country to-day. It has, as is 
 now distinctly known, long been an interesting 
 and important specialty. The number of arti- 
 cles which go to make up the trade is immense, 
 the mere enumeration of which would make a 
 large volume. Within the past ten years the 
 
 business has reached large proportions indeed, 
 as no single branch of the hardware trade sur- 
 passes it in importance. Messrs. Muell, Mer- 
 riman & Barnett are proprietors of one of 
 the most extensive houses in the country de- 
 voted to the production of this class of goods. 
 The house was originally established at Oris- 
 kany, N. Y.,in 1858, 
 and removed t o 
 Rome in 1879, the 
 present firm succeed- 
 ing to the business 
 in 1882. 
 
 The manufacturing 
 plant consists of a 
 two-story brick fac- 
 tory 125x37 feet in 
 dimensions; a one 
 story brick foundery 
 150x48 feet, having a 
 capacity of two tons 
 of malleable iron 
 castings per day; a 
 one story brick an- 
 nealing shop, con- 
 taining three ovens, 
 each holding 25 sets 
 of boxes ; a one story 
 brass foundery 25x50 
 f eet ; a japanning 
 shop, tin shop, and 
 several out-buildings. 
 The works are equip- 
 ped with all necessary 
 tools and machinery 
 of late improved de- 
 sign, are operated by 
 an engine of 75-horse 
 power, and are di- 
 vided into seven gen- 
 eral departments, in 
 which employment is 
 furnished to about 
 two hundred skilled 
 workmen. 
 
 Like various other 
 similar efforts in the 
 line of industrial pur- 
 suits, the energies of 
 this firm are largely directed to giving practical 
 utility to anumber of valuable m ventions in sad- 
 dlery hardware, notably "T" Rail Hames, and 
 Welles' Patent Glove Pads. The "T" Rail 
 Hames, whose great practical value in harness 
 making is now everywhere admitted, has been 
 before the public but a short time, having 
 been patented July 4, 1882, and Sept. 5, 1882. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 153 
 
 Its merits, however, are so great that in this 
 direction alone the manufacturers are conduct- 
 ing a very large business. In addition to these 
 specialties the firm also manufacture malleable 
 iron and brass castings of all kinds, and a gen- 
 eral line of saddlery hardware, which is every- 
 where regarded as having no superior in qual- 
 ity or style. 
 
 The trade of this house extends throughout 
 the United States and Canada, and is annually 
 increasing in value. The business is conducted 
 upon the broadest basis of equality, and those 
 forming relations with it may rest assured that 
 their interests will be carefully guarded. 
 
 P. SCHNEIBLE, 
 
 Manufacturer of Soap and Candles, 
 
 Corner of Canal and Jasper Streets. 
 Age commands honor, especially when as- 
 sociated with excellence ; a statement quite as 
 true with reference to a business house as to an 
 individual. In this connection it is proper to 
 make mention of the house of Mr. P. Schneible, 
 which for nearly a third of a century has been 
 devoted to the advancement of the industrial 
 interests of Rome, in the manufacture of supe- 
 rior soap and candles. The house was estab- 
 lished in 1851, and is to-day the only house in 
 the city manufacturing bar-soap. The plant 
 consists of a two story factory, 60x50 feet in di- 
 mensions, with a wing 22x24 feet. The works 
 are equipped with all necessary tools, machinery 
 and appliances, operated by steam power de- 
 rived from a 20 horse power boiler, and they 
 have a capacity for the production of about 
 twelve tons of soap per month, besides a con- 
 siderable quantity of candles. The leading 
 brands of the house are '• Brasive Soap," 
 -"Family Soap" and "Pale Soap." These 
 goods have acquired a wide-spread reputation 
 in the markets of this State, and are found to be 
 always uniform in quality and entirely free 
 from those common adulterations so detrimen- 
 tal for laundry and toilet purposes. 
 
 Mr. Schneible is a practical man at the 
 business, and gives his personal attention to 
 aU the operations of the establishment. He is 
 widely and well known in this community, 
 where he enjoys the esteem and consideration 
 of all with whom he has formed relations. In 
 concluding this brief sketch of the more satient 
 features of an especially useful industry, we 
 take pleasure in adding our testimony to the 
 untarnished reputation of a house whose pro- 
 prietor can point with pride to an honorable 
 business record of over thirty years duration. 
 
 JAMES H. SEARLE, 
 
 Insurance and Real Estate Agency, 36 
 James Street. 
 
 The question of insurance has become of 
 vast importance to property owners throughout 
 the country, and closely concerns all branches 
 of business; and in relations to commercial 
 credit it is identified with the business and 
 commercial interests of every locality. It pro- 
 tects both rich and poor, and enables industry 
 and enterprise to preserve and secure the re- 
 sults of their labors, and to render them 
 available for still greater prosperity. A well 
 known and prominent insurance company in 
 Rome is that of Mr. James H.Searle. This house 
 represents the following named companies: 
 ^tna, Hartford; Home, New York; Queen, 
 London; Western, Toronto; Phcenix, Hartford; 
 Pennsylvania, Phila. ; Continental, New York; 
 Trans-atlantic, (xez-many; North American, 
 Phila. ; New York Bowery ; Metropolitan Plate 
 Glass; Agricultural; Merchants'; City of Lon- 
 don; London and Lancashire; Williamsburgh 
 City; N. British and Mercantile; Travelers 
 Accident ; Sun, London ; which for reliability 
 and soundness are unsurpassed in the world. 
 Mr. Searle is also engaged in the renting and 
 selling of property, as well as collecting rents, 
 furnishing tax and title searches, and trans- 
 acting a general real estate business. He has 
 charge of a considerable amount of property, 
 which he manages with ability and to the sat- 
 isfaction of those interested. 
 
 Another feature of this business is the sale 
 of steamship tickets, and foreign exchange. 
 All the principal trans-atlantic lines are rep- 
 resented, and drafts are sold payable in Great 
 Britian or anywhere on the continent of 
 Europe. 
 
 By the carefid and prompt manner in which 
 his business is conducted in all its departments, 
 this house has kept pace with the growth of 
 business in this city, until now its operations 
 are widely extended and its reputation firmly 
 established. Mr. Searle pays all losses 
 promptly and without litigation, always dis- 
 charging the important trusts committed to 
 him with great fidelity, and to the complete 
 satisfaction of all. Insurance is effected to 
 any amount on all classes of insurable prop- 
 erty and at lowest rates, 
 
 Mr. Searle has resided in Rome for the past 
 seventeen years; he is well known in this com- 
 munity as a gentleman of high character and 
 great enterprise, and justly enjoys the esteem 
 of all with whom he has formed relations. 
 
154 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 KOME SPRING WAGON CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of Platform Spring 
 Wagons, James Street. 
 
 To the United States belongs the honor of 
 introducing nearly all the improvements that 
 have fairly made the carriage and wagon 
 building of the -world. The perfection of the 
 art is the combination of the greatest possible 
 strength and elegant finish, with the least pos- 
 
 comprised in a four-story frame factory, 
 150x60 feet in dimensions, which is equipped 
 with all necessary tools and appliances, and 
 furnishes employment to about thirty skilled 
 workmen. For the perfect carrying on of 
 such an establishment, system must prevail, 
 and the work is divided into several depart- 
 ments, chiefly the blacksmith, wood, trim- 
 ming, painting and finishing shops. The 
 products of the works embrace fourteen dif- 
 ferent styles of wagons, consisting of two^ 
 
 sible weight and ease of draft. Among those 
 houses that are in the van of progression in 
 the manufacture of first-class spring wagons, 
 and that arrest the attention and demand 
 more than brief consideration in this work, a 
 first place must be given to the Rome Spring 
 Wagon Co. of this city. 
 
 three and four seated wagons, carrying froms 
 600 to 2,500 pounds; also, delivery, grocery 
 and express wagons, besides which, wagons for 
 special purposes are made to order. The prin- 
 cipal feature of these wagons is the employ- 
 ment of the Fitch patent reach platform 
 spring, of which they are the sole owners of 
 
 This enterprise was established in 1881, and 
 though but little more than two years has 
 since passed, its products are in so great de- 
 mand throughout the United States that an 
 increase in the facilities for production is 
 found necessary. The company's works are 
 
 the i-ight and manufacturers. This platform 
 wagon is superior to all others in the market. 
 It is the easiest riding and easiest draft plat- 
 form spring wagon manufactured ; has no un- 
 necessary motion, no wrenching or strain on the 
 body, and is consequently more durable and 
 more comfortable than any other. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 155 
 
 The Fitch reach platform spring wagons 
 took the first premium at the New York State 
 fair in 1881 and 1882, over all competitors, in 
 the most extensive exhibition ever had, and at 
 all county and State fairs where exhibited. 
 
 The Fitch reach platform spring wagon is 
 the only known practical platform spring wagon 
 having a reach and drawing from the axle. 
 
 The gears of these wagons are supplied to 
 manufacturers when desired. 
 
 The company also manufacture swell body 
 cutters, Portland cutters 'and pony sleighs, 
 all of which are constructed and finished in 
 the most workmanlike manner. 
 
 The officers of the company are: president, 
 Hon. C. D. Prescott, late Member of Congress 
 from this district ; vice president, C. S. Griffin, 
 cashier of the Central National Bank; secre- 
 tary and treasurer, L. Roth. The character 
 •of the goods turned out under their manage- 
 ment has been fully attested by the demands 
 which their inherent merits have created for 
 them. 
 
 By addressing the Rome Spring Wagon Co., 
 our readers in the trade will be afforded im- 
 mediate and full information, in regard to the 
 facilities of the house, prices and terms, and 
 may further depend upon receiving an atten- 
 tion and consideration in keeping with the 
 character of one of the most popular houses in 
 this line of business. 
 
 JOHN TOWNSEND, 
 
 Dealer in General Hardware, Agricul- 
 tural Implements, etc., 81 Dominick 
 Street. 
 
 A most reliable house in the hardware busi- 
 ness here in Rome is that of Mr. John Town- 
 send, which was established in 1870 by Messrs. 
 J. & W. Townsend, the present proprietor suc- 
 ceeding to the business in 1883, upon the 
 death of Mr. W. Townsend. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business are 
 •comprised in a commodious store and base- 
 ment, located as above indicated, which are 
 replete with first-class goods and which are 
 guaranteed to be ofEered to the trade and 
 ■consumers at prices less than are charged in 
 metropolitan cities, where great expenses in 
 the way of rents and help are unavoidable. 
 The stock carried embraces a full and com- 
 plete line of general hardware, builders' 
 hardware, cutlery, mechanics' and machinists' 
 tools, nails, circular and small saws, manu- 
 facturers' supplies, barbed wire fencing and 
 .agricultural implements, all of which are of- 
 
 fered at moderate prices. A specialty is made 
 of mill supplies and general hardware, and in 
 these lines the stock is unsurpassed for 
 variety and extent in this county. 
 
 Mr. Townsend has resided in Rome for the 
 past sixteen years, where he enjoys the esteem 
 and consideration of the community of which 
 none are more worthy. 
 
 M. SCHILLNER, 
 
 Wholesale and Retail Dealer in Wines 
 AND Liquors, 9 James Street. 
 
 A branch of business which forms an import- 
 ant item in estimating the trade of Rome, is 
 that conducted in wines and liquors. The 
 houses engaged in this branch of commerce 
 are managed by live, energetic men, whose 
 effoits have centered an extensive trade here, 
 in the goods they handle.- 
 
 Among the reliable dealers in this line may 
 be noted the house of Mr. M. Schillner, which 
 presents a striking instance of what may be 
 accomplished by steady application to busi- 
 ness and a fair and honorable course of dealing. 
 Beginning in 1869, the trade of this house 
 has steadily increased in importance and vol- 
 ume, till to-day it ranks as one of the largest 
 in the city. The premises occupied for the 
 business consist of a three story brick building 
 20x75 feet in dimensions, where a full and 
 complete stock of foreign and domestic wines, 
 liquors, ales, cigars and tobacco is carried. 
 
 The trade of the house consists largely of 
 fine goods in case and bulk, and the quality of 
 everything sold is fully warranted. The 
 quality and purity of this class of goods is so 
 much a matter depending upon the honor of 
 the house from which they are obtained, 
 dealers and consumers will find it pays to pro- 
 cure supplies of those houses whose long 
 established reputations make their representa- 
 tions perfectly reliable. Such a house the one 
 under notice has fully established its right to 
 lay claim to be. 
 
 The stock carried embraces Otard, Dupuy 
 & Co.'s brandies, Hennesey brandies, London 
 Dock gin, and the finest Kentucky bourbon 
 and rye whiskies to be found in the market. 
 
 Mr. Schillner is a long resident of this city, 
 and too well known in the business to make per- 
 sonal comments at our hands interesting. He 
 is an active competitor for legitimate business, 
 energetic, enterprising and honorable in all 
 his dealings, and is everywhere recognized 
 as a pleasant and agreeable gentleman with 
 whom to enter into business relations. 
 
-j^^g THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 ROME STEAM KNITTK^G MILLS, 
 
 Wii-LiAMs Brothers, Proprietors. 
 
 It was reserved for the present century and 
 American genius to accelerate and heighten 
 the progress of the art of manufacturing textile 
 fabrics, and to combine the products of labor- 
 saving machinery with due regard to useful 
 and durable goods. 
 
 In Rome, as we have seen, there are estab- 
 lishments devoted to the production of many 
 kinds of specialties, to which, by concentrating 
 their attention, the highest excellence of pro- 
 duct is secured at a minimum of cost. Among 
 those concerns which contribute largely-to the 
 reputation of the city, no little commendation 
 is due the Rome Steam Knitting Mills, which 
 were established in 1878 by Messrs. Clarence 
 E, and E. Stuart Winiams, in whose hands 
 their management still lies. 
 
 The manufacturing plant is comprised in a 
 three story brick building 40x84 feet in dimen- 
 sions, which is equipped with all the latest 
 improved special machinery known to the 
 trade, including eight sets of knitting ma- 
 chines, washing, scouring and finishing ma 
 chines, etc., all arranged with a view to con- 
 venience, rapidity and perfection of work. 
 An engine of 40-horse power drives the ma- 
 chinery, and employment is furnished to about 
 one hundred and fifty operatives, the capacity 
 of the mills being about one hundred dozen 
 garments per day. The product of the mills 
 consists of fine wrappers and drawers for ladies, 
 gentlemen and children, and a specialty is 
 made in the manufacture of gauze underwear. 
 The firm greatly rely upon the quality and su- 
 perior finish of the product, a fact that has 
 been duly appreciated by the trade, resulting 
 in an active demand for their goods, extending 
 throughout the United States. 
 
 Messrs. Iselin, Neeser & Co., New York, are 
 selling agents for Messrs. Williams Bros., and 
 a full line of their products are exhibited by 
 them. 
 
 Both members of the firm are thoroughly 
 acquainted with all the details of the business 
 in which they are engaged. To their active 
 exertions the success which has attended their 
 enterprise is largely due ; they have been quick 
 to avail themselves of everything which prom- 
 ised improvement, and they have spared no 
 pains to make the Rome Steam Knitting 
 Mills a leading establishment in its line. 
 
 It is safe to say, in conclusion, that their ef- 
 forts have not been without the most promising 
 
 results ; while, with relation to its customers 
 and the trade, no house could occupy a posi- 
 tion entitled to more esteem or consideration. 
 As a prominent factor in the industrial sys- 
 tem of this community, we are pleased to ac- 
 cord the Rome Steam Knitting Mills the abov» 
 courtesies. 
 
 ROME CANNING CO. 
 
 Olney and Fowler; Factory, corner Jay 
 AND Court Streets. 
 
 An important adjunct to the canned goods 
 trade of Central New York is the house of 
 Messrs. Olney & Fowler, familiarly known to 
 the trade as the '.'Rome Canning Co.," whose 
 productions have acquired an enviable posi- 
 tion in the market ; a reputation fairly estab- 
 lished on account of their uniform good qual- 
 ity, which is attributable to the stock being 
 selected with great care, and all the processes 
 of cleansing and packing being effected under 
 the most critical supervision. This establish- 
 ment is one of the latest additions to the in- 
 dustrial resources of Rome, having been 
 founded in 1883 by its present proprietors, and 
 it gives promise of becoming one of the most 
 important. 
 
 The plant, located as above indicated, covers 
 an area of about one acre, upon which are 
 erected three buildings, especially adapted for 
 the business. These consist of a three story 
 building 40x100 feet in dimensions, which is 
 the main factory, a two story structure 35x20 
 feet, and a one story brick engine and boiler 
 house, 35x25 feet. The establishment through- 
 out is equipped with all the latest improved 
 machinery and appliances known to the trade, 
 an 80-horse power steam boiler and a 10-horse 
 power engine being utilized for the purpose ; 
 employment being furnished to about two 
 hundred and fifty operatives during the can- 
 ning season. The products of the house em- 
 brace all kinds of fruits and vegetables, a 
 specialty being made in canning sweet corn. 
 The goods of the firm are unsurpassed in 
 quality, and are everywhere recognized ami 
 appreciated by the trade as standard produc- 
 tions. 
 
 The capacity of the works is about 300,000 
 cans per season, which are all taken by the 
 trade in this State. The individual members 
 of the firm, Messrs. William R. Olney and H, 
 T. Fowler, are both long residents of this city, 
 and so well known as to render personal com- 
 ment at our hands superfluous. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 "With unrivalled conveniences for shipping 
 by rail or canal, an established excellence of 
 product and a business policy based upon 
 equity and liberality, it is not eoing too far to 
 say that as conducing to the industrial thrift 
 of this city the Rome Canning Co. may be 
 properly regarded as a representative concern 
 worthy of the highest consideration and suc- 
 cess. 
 
 SAMUEL ALAND, 
 
 Machinist and Manufacturer of Blowers, 
 Exhaust Fans, etc., 209 Dominick St. 
 
 The large and prosperous enterprise conduct- 
 ed in this city by Mr. Samuel Aland presents 
 an instance of steady growth which marks the 
 
 high character of the goods he produces, as 
 well as the energy and ability displayed in the 
 management of the business. This house was 
 established iu 1860, and has since acquired a 
 reputation for its products that extends 
 throughout the United States and Canada. 
 
 The manufacturing plant, located in the 
 western suburbs of the city, comprises a two 
 story machine sliop 90x24 feet in dimensions, 
 and a brick foundery 40x60 feet, with an addi- 
 tion for cupola and milling room 30x24 feet. 
 Power IS furnished from a water privilege, and 
 the equipment of the works include late im- 
 proved machinery and tools adapted to the 
 work in hand. 
 
 Aside from the manufacture of all kinds of 
 brass and iron castings to order, the chief pro- 
 
 157 
 
 ducts of the establishment are counter shafts, 
 pulleys, hangers, and general machine jobbing. 
 Mr. Aland is also the sole manufacturer of 
 Aland's patent injector pressure blowers, injec- 
 tor volume blowers and injector exhaust 
 fans, the leading features of which are so well 
 known to the trade, and have gained for them 
 so wide a sale and favor as render comment at 
 our hands unnecessary. It is sufficient to say 
 that with enlarged facilities and resources, the 
 house is now in better condition to supply 
 these machines to the trade promptly than 
 ever before, and that the same careful work- 
 manship and excellent material will be em- 
 ployed in their manufacture that have in the 
 past distinguished them and placed them in 
 their present high position. 
 
 Illustrated catalogues containing 
 full information with regard to these- 
 blowers, and a list of the names of 
 several hundred parties using them 
 will be forwarded to any address- 
 upon application. 
 
 In conclusion we may remark that 
 while the large trade of this house^ 
 extending into all parts of our coun- 
 try, has materially aided in spread- 
 ing the reputation of Rome as a man- 
 ufacturing center, at the same time- 
 there is no industry in the city more- 
 creditable in every sense than that 
 conducted by Mr. Samuel Aland, 
 who is at all times devoting his 
 energies to produce the very best of 
 appliances and to give satisfaction 
 '^^ to all his patrons 
 
 The trade will find in Mr. Aland 
 an honorable, upright gentleman,, 
 with whom it is a pleasure to deal, 
 and his goods are unsurpassed, both in quality 
 of material and in finish. 
 
 FIRST NATIONAL BANK, 
 
 Rome, N. Y. 
 
 There is no one subject in the whole cate- 
 gory of human events of more vital importance 
 to the business community than that of a 
 highly perfected and reliable banking system ; 
 and of such a system the First National Bank 
 of Rome is a prominent and prosperous repre- 
 sentative, whose career has been attended 
 with well-won and merited success. Incorpo- 
 rated in 1851 as the Rome Exchange Bank, it 
 was reorganized in 1865 under the National 
 banking laws. 
 
158 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 The officers and board of directors are as \ 
 follows; Gordon N. Bissell, president; Thomas 
 G. Nock, vice president; Francis H. Thomas, 
 cashier; Gordon N. Bissell, B.J. Beach, Fran- 
 cis H. Thomas, W. R. Huntington, Thos. G. 
 Nock, Edward Barnard, Henry G. Wright, 
 Thos. M. Flandrau, Grilfith W. Jones, direct- 
 ors. Mr. Robert B. Doxtater was the first 
 president of this bank ; he died in 1853, and 
 was succeeded by Edward Huntington, who 
 held the position until his death in 1881, when 
 Mr. G. N. Bissell was elected to fill the place. 
 Mr. Francis H. Thomas has been cashier since 
 1851. 
 
 The correspondents of the First National 
 Bank, are the Metropolitan National Bank of 
 New York and the First National Bank of Al- 
 bany, N. Y. 
 
 The policy laid down for the direction of this 
 bank at the date of its inception was to actively 
 assist merchants in the city and county, and 
 that policy has been strictly adhered to by its 
 management, and its wisdom has been endorsed 
 by the great success of its operations. 
 
 Conducting a general banking business, upon 
 a sound and conservative basis, the bank re- 
 ceives deposits, discounts commercial paper, 
 deals in foreign and domestic exchange, and 
 makes collections on all points in the United 
 States, Canada and Europe. 
 
 A. ETHRIDGE & CO. 
 
 Wholesale Grocers, corner Dominick and 
 Washington Streets. 
 
 The wholesale grocery trade occupies a very 
 important position in the commerce of every 
 large city, because this department of trade in- 
 cludes every necessary article of food, among 
 which are the products of every country in the 
 vrorld. It is not surprising then that Rome 
 should be the base of operations for houses in 
 this trade, possessing equal advantages and 
 facilities as those of sister cities. Formerly the 
 trade was confined to a few seaport cities, and 
 the country merchants were dependent for sup- 
 plies upon half-yearly trips to New York and 
 Boston. To-day the enterprising houses of the 
 inland cities may be reached almost daily, and 
 great savings are made to the retailer and con- 
 sumer by avoiding expensive freights and by 
 taking advantage of fluctuating markets. In 
 connection with the wholesale grocery trade of 
 Rome, a few brief facts with relation to the 
 history and business of the house of Messrs. A. 
 Ethridge & Co. are replete with interest. 
 
 Founded some thirty-five years ago, and 
 commencing business when this city was far 
 from being so important a factor in the com- 
 mercial affairs of the State as at present, this 
 house has for over a third of a century occupied 
 a prominent position in the trade, and stands 
 to-day the largest and oldest concern of the 
 kind in the city. 
 
 The premises of the firm consist of a three- 
 story brick building 180x60 feet in dimensions, 
 which afford ample accommodation for a large 
 and varied stock of staple and fancy groceries, 
 teas, coffees, spices, grocers' sundries, etc., 
 and from which a trade is transacted extending 
 throughout Northern and Central New York. 
 
 Eighteen employees, including five commer- 
 cial travelers, find occupation with this house, 
 and such are its resources and facilities, tha 
 it is enabled to offer advantages to the trade 
 not duijlicated by many and surpassed by none 
 of its cotemporaries. 
 
 The individual composition of the present 
 firm, which was organized in 1880, embraces 
 Messrs. A., F. A. and A. B. Ethridge and G. 
 C. McMuUin, all energetic, prompt, honorable 
 and intelligent representatives of the best ele- 
 ment of our business community, and always 
 foremost in undertakings calculated to advance 
 the interests of Rome. All are thoroughly ac- 
 quainted with every detail of the business, and 
 have grown up in the prosperity of the house. 
 Liberality and promiitness have always char- 
 acterized this firm, and the success which has 
 always attended their enterprise is but the just 
 reward of a business policy, without which no 
 permanent prosj)erity such as theirs is possible. 
 
 GEO. P. RUSS, 
 
 Plumbek, Steam and Gas Fitter, 56 James 
 Street. 
 
 No business requires a more thorough 
 knowledge of details than ihat which relates 
 to the sanitary condition of our houses and 
 public buildings. Of late years this subject 
 has received the careful study of men who 
 make sanitary plumbing a specialty, and the 
 perfection to which the service has been 
 brought is the best comment upon the intelli- 
 gence which has been devoted to it. In this 
 important business, together with that of steam 
 and gas fitting, Mr. Geo. P. Russ has achieved 
 a well earned reputation, and his establishment 
 has now become recognized as the leading one 
 of its kind in this eitv. 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 159 
 
 Previously engaged for many years in the 
 sale of paints, oils, &c., in this city, in 1876 
 Mr. Russ established his present business, since 
 which time he has built up a large and growing 
 trade, extending throughout Central and 
 Northern New York. 
 
 At his store, located as ^bovo indicated, he 
 carries a full and complete line of plumbers' 
 supplies of all kinds, iron and lead pipe, rub- 
 ber hose, hydraulic rams, bath tubs, gas, steam 
 and water fittings, and all other accessories of 
 the trade. He is sole agent in this market for 
 the celebrated Hartford sanitary glass water 
 closet, and in all departments of his stock 
 the most improved classes of goods are carried. 
 The house is fully prepared to make plans and 
 estimates on work of any magnitude, and pos- 
 sesses every facility for completing it in the 
 most approved manner. The ventilation of 
 drain pipes and water closets are specialties to 
 which he devotes particular attention, and in 
 all the operations of the business every care is 
 taken to execute nothing but first class work. 
 
 FORT STANWIX NATIONAL BANK, 
 Rome. N. Y. 
 
 Any attempt to portray the manufacturing 
 and commercial resources of any business cen- 
 ter must give a position of the first importance 
 to the banks and moneyed institutions. They 
 hold the great medium of exchange between 
 trade centers, and occupy the position of ar- 
 biters between debtors and creditors. The 
 success and ability displayed in their manage- 
 ment forms an important gauge by which to 
 estimate the commercial standing of the busi- 
 ness community where their influence is felt, 
 and an inspection of their standing and re- 
 sources gives a valuable index to the condition 
 of all business interests. 
 
 The Fort Stanwix National Bank of Rome 
 I'anks first among the banks of this city in age 
 and in the aggregate of business transacted. 
 It was originally chartered in 1848 as a State 
 Bank, and in 1865 was reorganized under the 
 National banking act. The bank has a capital 
 of $150,000 and surplus and individual profits 
 amounting to $130,000. 
 
 The officers of the bank are H. G. Utley, 
 president, who succeeded his father in 1883; 
 Jatnes S. Whaley, vice president; Geo. Barnard, 
 cashier ; and the following named gentlemen 
 composing the board of directors : H. G. Utley, 
 B. J. Beach, James S. Whaley, Daniel G. Dor- 
 rance, P. V. Rogers, H. D. Spencer, G. V, 
 
 Selden, E. A. Walsworth, L. Gaheen, 0. W. 
 Sage, D. G. Drummond, Wheeler Armstrong, 
 Geo. Barnard. These names are synonymous 
 of commercial probity and sagacity, and their 
 connection with the bank gives it a foremost 
 position among the sound, well managed 
 banks of the country, and assures a still wider 
 and larger career of usefulness in the future. 
 
 ROME IRON WORKS, 
 
 Manufacturers of Skelp Iron, Roll and 
 Sheet Brass, etc., Rome, N, Y. 
 
 Many of the industries of Rome have at- 
 tained a national importance, among them 
 none more notably than the Rome Iron Works. 
 These were the pioneer iron works of the city, 
 and were erected in 1867, the brass department 
 being added in 1869. The works are, perhaps, 
 the most important in the city, in size and 
 value of products, and in the line of goods pro- 
 duced stand without superior in the Union. 
 The plant covers an area of about ten acres, 
 upon which are erected substantial buildings 
 supplied with two engines of 500 combined 
 horse power, operating five puddling furnaces, 
 three heating furnaces, and a large line of 
 special machinery. The capacity of the works 
 when in full operation is about 40 tons of iron 
 per day, and 150 tons of brass per month, two 
 hundred workmen being required in their op- 
 eration, about seventy-five being in the brass 
 department. 
 
 The special work of the establishment is the 
 manufacture of skelp iron for iron steam and 
 water pipes, also roll and sheet brass, and 
 German silver in its various forms of wire, 
 tubing, etc. In the manufacture of these pro- 
 ducts these works have secured a high reputa- 
 tion for excellence, and their goods find ready 
 sale in all parts of the United States. 
 
 The present officers of the company are Dr. 
 S. 0. Scudder, vice president and acting pres- 
 ident, and J. S. Haselton, secretary and treas- 
 urer, gentlemen possessing ample energy, abil- 
 ity and experience, whose public spirit as citi- 
 zens and enterprise as business men have made 
 them too well known to require personal com- 
 ment here. 
 
 The success of the Rome Iron Works has an 
 important bearing upon the general thrift of 
 the city. When we consider how large a sum 
 is weekly disbursed in wages among the opera- 
 tives employed by such an establishment, it is 
 easy to realize what an important factor of 
 trade it becomes. We are pleased to note the 
 
160 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 success of the enterprise, and express the hope 
 that it may long continue to remain one of the 
 leading industries of this favored city. 
 
 T. W. PERRY, 
 
 Clothier, Hatter and Furrier, 42 Domi- 
 NicK Street. 
 
 From one of almost insignificant proportions 
 the clothing trade has, within the past quarter 
 of a century, grown to be one of the first in the 
 magnitude of its transactions and is daily in- 
 creasing in importance. Until about the year 
 1S65, the sale of ready made clothing was con- 
 fined to a very small volume, the goods hand- 
 led were made of poor materials, badly cut 
 and in style and finish bore no comparison to 
 the productions of the well conducted estab- 
 lishments of the present day. They were in- 
 tended to supply the demands of an uncritical 
 class of trade, and were made to sell rather 
 than to wear. To-day all this is changed, and 
 the finest productions of the merchant tailor 
 are duplicated by the retail dealer in ready 
 made clothing. In this connection a few facts 
 gleaned concerning the history and resources 
 of the leading clothing house of Rome, and 
 the extent of its business, cannot fail of being 
 of general interest. We refer to the retail 
 clothing, hat and gents' furnishing goods 
 house of Mr. T. W. Perry, which was estab- 
 lished in 1877, by Perry & Smith, the pres- 
 ent proprietor succeeding to the business in 
 1883, since which time a trade has been es- 
 tablished that now extends throughout Oneida 
 county. 
 
 The premises occupied for the business con- 
 sist of a commodious store, where a large and 
 complete line of goods of the various classes 
 before named is carried. An inspection of 
 the stock reveals the fact that the clothing 
 shown here is largely made from the finest 
 productions of American and Foreign woolen 
 mills, by skilled designers and workmen, and 
 that the higher priced goods are made up in 
 every particular with the same skill, care and 
 attention which are bestowed upon the same 
 class of goods by merchant tailors to order. 
 The range of sizes are designed to fit all varie- 
 ties of the human form, while the grades of 
 style and quality are sufficient to meet the de- 
 mands of the most exacting. In hats and 
 gents' furnishing goods the latest styles and 
 best goods of the most celebrated manufac- 
 turers in the country are shown, at prices 
 
 which invite the attention of customers, A 
 specialty is also made in merchant tailoring. 
 
 Mr. Perry is a gen: leman thoroughly familiar 
 with the business and is devoting his best en- 
 ergies to its management. He is assisted by a 
 corps of attentive and experienced salesmen, 
 and the success of the Jiouse, as shown by the 
 large and increasing business being transacted, 
 is such as to require no commendation at our 
 hands. 
 
 NEW YORK LOCOMOTIVE WORKS, 
 
 Office and Works, Rome, N. Y. New York 
 Office, 34 Pine Street. 
 
 In all the various lines of industry pursued 
 in Rome, there is none where a thorough 
 knowledge of the business is more apparent, or 
 where a higher class of mechanical skill is re- 
 quired than in the establishment of the New 
 York Locomotive Works. This is one of the 
 latest important additions to the manufactur- 
 ing interests of the city, and from the high 
 character of the work produced, as well as the 
 magnitude of the enterprise, is deserving of 
 .extended mention in these pages. 
 
 The New Y''ork Locomotive Works were in- 
 corporated in 1881, and the works were con- 
 structed in 1883. They cover about thirteen 
 acres of ground, are located in the eastern sub- 
 urbs of Rome on the line of the N. Y. Central 
 R. R., and are complete and well arranged in 
 every particular for the work in hand. The 
 buildings are constructed chiefly of brick and 
 are divided into eight general departments, 
 viz: the machine shop, the boiler shop, the 
 erecting shop, the blacksmith shop, the 
 foundry, the pattern shop, the carpenter shop 
 and the paint shop. The mechanical equip- 
 ment of the works embraces all the latest im- 
 proved machinei'y and tools known to the trade. 
 Power is furnished by a steam engine of 150 
 horse power and three boilers of 300 horse 
 power, and employment is found in the several 
 departments of the business for six hundred 
 and fifty workmen, the larger number of whom 
 are thorough masters of some particular branch 
 of the business. 
 
 The products of these works embrace all 
 classes of locomotives for standard, broad and 
 narrow gauge railroads, and they have a ca- 
 pacity for the construction of about one hun- 
 dred locomotives annually. The company 
 have numerous orders for their work, and they 
 have built engines for the Northern Pacific 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 161 
 
 RR. and many other of the principal railroads 
 of the United States. 
 
 The management of the affairs of the com- 
 pany is vested in the hands of a board of nine 
 directors, as follows: H. A. V. Post, of Post, 
 Martin & Co., New York; J. W. Ellis, of Wins- 
 low, Lanier & Co., New York; Wm. B. Isham, 
 vice president Union National Bank, New 
 York; H. M. Lawton, T. G. Nock, W. W. 
 Wardwell, T. H. Stryker and E. Comstock, 
 Rome, N. Y., and Wm. M. Burr, Cazenovia, 
 N. Y. The executive officers of the company 
 are, T. G. Nock, president ; W. W. Wardwell, 
 vice president; T. H. Stryker, secretary and 
 treasurer. 
 
 The New York office of the works is at the 
 office of Post, Martin & Co., No. 34 Pine street. 
 
 J. C. SMITH & CO. 
 
 Dry Goods, Carpets, etc., 65 Dominick 
 Street. 
 
 There are no commercial enterprises that add 
 so greatly to the character of a city as do the 
 modern dry goods emporiums of the present 
 day, and therefore those in Rome must receive 
 their share of our attention in this work. 
 
 Among the most extensive retail stores in 
 this city none deserves more consideration 
 than that of Messrs. J. C. Smith & Co., which 
 occupies a location in the most central portion 
 of the city and on the principal thoroughfare. 
 
 The premises comprise three floors, each 
 having an area of nearly 4,000 square feet, and 
 containing a stock unsurpassed in variety, 
 value and extent by any other establishment 
 in Rome, making it an attraction of which the 
 city may well be proud. The stock is system- 
 atically arranged in different departments, 
 each of which contains a complete assortment 
 of goods in its particular lines. It embraces 
 everything in the line of dress goods, from the 
 finest silks, velvets and brocades, to goods of 
 common and medium grades. Notions, trim- 
 mings, and fancy goods; gloves, hosiery, 
 shawls, table linen; carpets, oil cloths, mat- 
 tings and upholstery goods in season, an ex- 
 tensive assortment of such goods as make up 
 the stock of a first-class dry goods store. 
 
 The firm have the exclusive agency for the 
 sale in this market of Springer Brothers', Bos- 
 ton, cloaks and dolmans, and Cutler's sewing 
 and machine silks. The system which pre- 
 vails in the entire establishment indicates the 
 most careful supervision, while the judgment 
 and taste displayed in the selection of the 
 
 stock proclaim the firm to be thoroughly expe- 
 rienced in the business and acquainted with 
 the wants of a critical trade. All goods are 
 purchased direct from manufacturers and pro- 
 ducers, and the newest styles and latest novel- 
 ties are obtained directly they are ready for 
 the trade ; while with regard to prices, the 
 long established reputation of the house is 
 well known as being the cheapest store in 
 the city at which to obtain good goods. 
 
 The house was founded in 1866 by Mr. J. C. 
 Smith, the present firm, composed of the foun- 
 der and Mr. Willis N. Roberts, succeeding to 
 the business in 1877. Mr. Smith is a director 
 in the Farmers' National Bank, and a member 
 of the Board of Education, and both are too 
 well known in this community to require 
 further personal mention at our hands. Their 
 business course has been marked by annually 
 increasing importance, and in the extent of its 
 operations the house takes a leading position 
 among the mercantile establishments of this 
 thriving city. 
 
 EVANS & GIEHL, 
 
 Ale Brewers. 
 
 The growth of the brewing interests of Rome 
 can hardly be said to have attained the celeb- 
 rity in point of numbers that the trade has 
 acquired in other sections of the country, but 
 what has been lost in quantity has been more 
 than made up in quality, as will be clearly in- 
 dicated by the following brief sketch of the 
 ale brewery of Messrs. Evans & Giehl. 
 
 This brewery was established in 1854, by 
 John Miller, the present firm succeeding to 
 the plant in 1882. The brewery and malt 
 house, located on Court street and Wood creekf 
 covers an area of 35x114 feet, and has a ca- 
 pacity for the production of about 8,000 barrels 
 of ale annually. It is equipped with late im- 
 proved machinery and appliances, operated by 
 a 10-hoi'se power steam engine and a 20-horse 
 power boiler, and furnishes employment for 
 six workmen. Every advantage that can be 
 derived from improved methods is employed, 
 and all operations are conducted under the 
 immediate supervision of Mr. John Giehl. 
 The products of the establishment embrace 
 stock and present use ale, in the production 
 of which the firm has no superior in this 
 part of the state. The ales brewed here are 
 regarded with favor by those best able to judge 
 of their relative merits, and a trade has been 
 established for the product extending through- 
 out Central and Northern New York. 
 
162 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 The trade at distance will conserve their own 
 interests by sending for a sample lot of these 
 brewings, and may feel assured that their 
 customers will appreciate a beverage so highly 
 prized by all who have ever used it. 
 
 OWENS, DAY & CO. 
 
 Dealers in Coal and Wood; Yard, Front 
 Street. 
 
 Modern methods of nianufacture would be 
 impossible without coal, and the facilities for 
 ■obtaining this important staple occupy a 
 prominent position in the resources of every 
 community. Rome is greatly favored in this 
 regard, both by the advantages presented for 
 receiving coal bj rail and canal direct from 
 the mines, and by the enterprise of her mer- 
 chants in providing the means for promptly 
 supplying the demand ; and the same condi- 
 tions and attractions that have led to the es- 
 tablishment here of existing manufacturing 
 industries, will doubtless continue to attract 
 the attention of capitalists. 
 
 A leading house handling coal in large quan- 
 tites, direct from the mines, in this city, is 
 that of Messrs. Owens, Day & Co., which was 
 established in 1875 by Owens, Jones & Co., 
 the present firm succeeding to the business in 
 1881. We do not desire to give undue credit, 
 but we think the facts will justify us in stating 
 that the establishment of this enterprise here 
 has had a visible effect in fixing the price of 
 coal, by stimulating a healthy and honorable 
 competition. 
 
 This firm, on commencing business, imme- 
 diately adopted all the latest modern facilities 
 for furnishing coal to customers at lowest pos 
 sible cost. Their yards are located on the 
 banks of the canal, and are provided with 
 docks, sheds, &c., and have a capacity for 
 storing about 3,500 tons, while th -ir wood 
 yard covers an area of 100x120 feet. 
 
 The firm deal in Scranton, Lackawanna, 
 and Old Company's Lehigh Coal, and George's 
 Creek, Cumberland and Clearfield bituminous 
 coal, also all kinds of steam coal, all of which 
 they offer in quantities to suit, or by the cargo 
 At lowest market prices. 
 
 The individual members of the firm are 
 Messrs. 0. E. Owens, Geo. W. Day and James 
 Evans, gentlemen too well known in connec- 
 tion with their business to require personal 
 ■comments at our hands. Of the house, how- 
 ever, we may say, in conclusion, that in every 
 respect it may be regarded as one of enterprise 
 
 and ability, and its efforts in this line of trade 
 have proved of no little benefit to the general 
 thrift of the community. 
 
 G. V. SELDEN, 
 
 Wholesale Dealer in Lumber and Manu- 
 facturer OF Doors, Sash, Blinds, etc.. 
 Rome, N. Y. 
 
 There can be no better means of calling the 
 attention of the outside world to the attrac- 
 tions of Rome as a source of supply, than 
 to demonstrate these advantages and attrac- 
 tions by briefly referring to those industries 
 already established here. The lumber trade is 
 one that has developed considerable propor- 
 tions of late, and those engaged in ii offer 
 superior facilities to those contemplating 
 building for the procurement of building 
 materials at low prices. 
 
 The most extensive house engaged in the 
 lumber trade of Rome is that of Mr. G. V. 
 Selden, which he established in 1851, and 
 which has come to be one of the most promin- 
 ent business enterprises of the city. 
 
 The facilities of the house for supplying 
 lumber to the trade and consumers are such as 
 can only apply to those thoroughly understand- 
 ing the business, and who are enterprising 
 enough to take advantage of every conven^ 
 ience whereby all orders may be promptly 
 filled and with perfect satisfaction to 
 customers. 
 
 The yards occupied cover several acres and 
 are located on the banlis of the canal and ad- 
 joining the railroad tracks, affording the 
 greatest facilities for receipt and shipment. 
 They have a capacity for storing from seven 
 to eight million feet of lumber. Mr. Selden 
 also operates a factory for the manufacture of 
 doors, sash, blinds, mouldings, &c. This 
 factory, which was recently destroyed by Are, 
 is being rebuilt and will be in full operation 
 in a short time. The new building is to be 
 three stories all around. It will have a front- 
 age of 123 feet on Front street, and will ex- 
 tend back 108 feet on Washington street to 
 the Erie canal, along the berme side of which 
 it will extend 135 feet. The ground floor will 
 be divided into an engine room, planing mill, 
 molding room and shavings room. The en- 
 gine room will be 21x103 feet in the clear, the 
 planing mill 47x103 feet, and molding room 
 48x103 feet. The rooms on the second and 
 third floors are to be the same size as those on 
 the first floor. The second floor will be used 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 163 
 
 as a sash, blind and door factory. The third 
 room will be used as a storeroom for the 
 finished work, such as doors, sash, blinds, etc. 
 It is to be equipped with all the latest im- 
 proved wood working machinery and will be 
 operated by an engine of 150 horse power, 
 and employment furnished to about ninety 
 skilled workmen. 
 
 The house enjoys special facilities for ob- 
 taining lumber in large quantities direct from 
 the manufacturers, and these advantages are 
 promptly shared with the trade. In a cursory 
 account of the house, such as this of necessity 
 must be, we are unable to enter into all the 
 details of this extensive business, but to those 
 interested, and who may be as yet unac- 
 quainted with its inducements to the trade, 
 we may say that the business is conducted 
 upon a policy that entitles it to the fullest 
 confidence, and that it has for its aim the 
 entire satisfaction of all who may avail them- 
 selves of the benefits which it stands ready to 
 accord the trade in general. 
 
 Mr. G. V. Selden, the sole proprietor of this 
 business, is one of the old-time citizens of 
 Rome. He is prominently identified with 
 other important industries of the city, is presi- 
 dent of the Merchants iron Mill, a member of 
 the Board of Water Commissioners, and may 
 well be numbered among her most enterpris- 
 ing and public spirited business men. 
 
 JONES & HOWER, 
 
 Wholesale Grocers and Fruit Dealers, 
 17 AND 19 James Street. 
 
 The wholesale grocery and fruit trade is 
 ably represented in Rome by the house of 
 Messrs. Jones & Hower, whose premises, 
 located as above indicated, comprise two 
 stores, in the four-story building known as the 
 " Bingham " block. 
 
 This house is one of the largest in its line 
 of trade in Central New York, and its facilities, 
 both in the receipt of goods and the prompt 
 fulfillment of orders are in every respect first- 
 class, and such as to stamp its management as 
 one of enterprise, energy and thorough 
 knowledge of the trade. 
 
 The stock embraces staple and fancy 
 groceries of all kinds; pickles, canned goods 
 and condiments, cigars, tobacco, confection- 
 ery and grocers' shelf goods, foreign and 
 domestic fruits, raisins, nuts, etc., all of which 
 are received direct from first-hands and are 
 offered to the trade upon the most advantage- 
 ous terms. 
 
 Among the specialties of the house, and for 
 which the firm are exclusive agents in this 
 market, are W. P. Peel & Co.'s starch and the 
 Globe Chewing Tobacco. 
 
 The firm are also manufacturers of the 
 celebrated " Triumph " clear Havana five 
 cent cigar. 
 
 The trade of the house extends throughout 
 Central and Northern New York, and gives 
 promise of a continued annual increase. 
 
 The individual members of the firm, Messrs. 
 J. Loyd Jones and L. Hower, Jr., are long- 
 time residents of Rome and are closely identi- 
 fied with the commercial advancement of this 
 city. 
 
 With many years of active business ex- 
 perience and possessing all the requisites for 
 successfully catering to the wants of the trade, 
 this establishment compares favorably with any 
 other in the State in the same line of business, 
 and under its present enterprising manage- 
 ment is entirely worthy the confidence it en- 
 joys in the trade. 
 
 L. J. MORGAN, 
 
 Dealer in Rags, Metals, and Tin Ped- 
 lers' Supplies, 69 John Street. 
 
 An important commercial industry, of which 
 the house above named is a prominent repre- 
 sentative in Rome, is that of the above firm, 
 and who occupy premises for the business, con- 
 sisting of a two story frame store 25x40 feet in 
 dimensions, a two story frame tin shop 20x33 
 feet, and a storage warehouse 32x30 feet, where 
 employment is furnished fifteen assistants. 
 
 To pedlers in tin ware, especially, this house 
 offers excellent inducements, in that they buy 
 all kinds of paper stock and other old waste 
 materials, particularly old rubber, at the high- 
 est market price, for cash or goods, and are 
 prepared with a large and complete stock to 
 furnish all supplies needed by them. The va- 
 riety of stamped and japanned tin-ware, gran- 
 ite ware, copper and sheet iron ware, is more 
 elaborate and complete than can be found at 
 the manufactories, which, as a rule, confine 
 themselves to their own special patterns and 
 designs. This house, however, by the nature 
 of its cash transactions, accumulate at advan- 
 tageous rates stocks of all the various manu- 
 facturers, and offer them at manufacturers' 
 prices, and at their usual trade discounts. Mr, 
 Morgan also manufactures all kinds of tin- 
 ware, and carries a full stock of stove hollow- 
 ware, glass ware, and a general line of tin ped- 
 
164 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 lers' supplies. As Rome furnishe?, by its loca- 
 tion, especially favorable rates of shipment, 
 the facilities ofEcred by this house present 
 themselves without further comment. 
 
 The trade of this house is chiefly confined to 
 Oneida county, and it is annually increasing 
 in volume. 
 
 Mr. L. J. Morgan, who established this en- 
 terprise in this city about five years ago, is so 
 well known in this community that personal 
 comments at our hands would be superfluous. 
 We commend him and his enterprise to those 
 of our readers interested. 
 
 DOYLE BROS, 
 
 Machinists "and Manufacturers of Pat- 
 ented Articles, Models, etc, 28 Dom- 
 inick Street. 
 
 Taking up the industries of Rome in detail, 
 it becomes necessary to devote a brief space, at 
 least, to the house of Messrs. Doyle Bros., 
 which, in the line of models and experimental 
 machinery and the manufacture of small pat- 
 ented specialties, occupies a prominent posi- 
 tion in the industrial community, and is enti- 
 tled to due consideration in this volume. 
 
 This house was established in 1869, and at 
 once acquired a reputation for first-class work 
 and general efficiency that at present extends 
 throughout the United States, and is annually 
 increasing. The premises occupied for the 
 business are comprised in the first floor and 
 basement or the two-story brick building, 
 located in the rear of 28 Dominick street, 
 which covers an area of 3,600 square feet. 
 This plant is equipped with an engine of 20- 
 horse power, and all necessary metal working 
 machinery, employment being furnished to 
 from six to ten skilled mechanics, all of whose 
 operations are conducted under the immediate 
 personal supervision of the proprietors, who 
 are experienced practical mechanics, and who 
 devote all their energies to the furtherance of 
 the business. 
 
 The products of the house embrace brass 
 castings of all kinds, saddlery hardware spe- 
 cialties to order, and all kinds of light patented 
 a,rticles, novelties, models, etc. Among the 
 patented articles manufactured by the firm are 
 the new era hydraulic clothes washer, for the 
 New Era Washer Co., Buffalo, N. Y., and the 
 Evenden ale condenser, for the inventor, J. 
 W. Evenden of this city. The care and skill 
 which is applied by Messrs. Doyle Bros, to the 
 production of all goods manufactured by them, 
 
 have led to an extended demand for their ser- 
 vices, which is as gratifying as it is well mer- 
 ited. The firm make a specialty in trimming, 
 japanning and general jobbing, and their facil- 
 ities at command are of the most ample char- 
 acter. 
 
 In all respects, therefore, the house of 
 Messrs. Doyle Bros, is adequate to any demands 
 that may be made upon its resources. 
 
 EDWARD BARNARD, 
 
 Manufacturer of Harness and Wholesale 
 AND Retail Dealer in Saddlery Hard- 
 ware, ETC., 95 Dominick Street. 
 
 Perhaps no single industry better illustrates 
 the increased wants of modern society, than 
 the great and varied extent of the interest 
 named above, and certainly none is more in- 
 dispensable to the merchant, manufacturer or 
 agriculturist. An extensive house devoted ex- 
 clusively to the manufacture and distribution 
 of harness, saddlery hardware, horse clothing, 
 trunks and similar pi-oductions in Rome, is 
 that of Mr. Edward Barnard, which was 
 founded about thirty years ago by James 
 Elwell, and after various changes of firm, 
 came into the pos- 
 sess ion of the 
 present proprietor 
 in 1876; since 
 which time the 
 business has been 
 largely increased, 
 new lines of pro- 
 duction entered 
 into, and a trade 
 established which 
 extends through- 
 out the United 
 States. The 
 premises occupied 
 for the business 
 are comprised in 
 the corner store 
 and basement of 
 the <J!e:i:5U'!! iV ILjwlt block, which afford am- 
 ple accommodation for the display of the goods 
 and the prompt fulfillment of orders. 
 
 The stock shown embraces every conceivable 
 article known in this important branch of in- 
 dustry, and the general stock of standard 
 goods is almost innumerable. Among the 
 specialties of the house are Barnard's patent 
 quarter boots, which are made in three sizes, 
 and are warranted to fit perfectly and not 
 
THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 165 
 
 chafe or turn ; also Barnard's patent halters, 
 and Barnard's patent surcingles. 
 
 In connection with the manufacture of his 
 patent quarter boots, Mr. Barnard also makes 
 all other kinds and styles of horse boots. In 
 the manufacture of these specialties, as well as 
 hand-made, oak-tanned harness, this house has 
 a wide-spread reputation for excellence, and 
 in all lines of goods the trade can be supplied 
 upon the most advantageous terms. 
 
 We may be permitted to add in conclusion, 
 however, that dealers forming relations with 
 this house, may rely upon the promptness and 
 thorough manner with which all transactions 
 are conducted, and that orders will be filled 
 with the best goods attainable. The marked 
 success of the house is but the natural result 
 of a business policy founded upon principles 
 of fair dealing and sti'ict mercantile integrity. 
 
 VIDVARD BREWERY, 
 
 Edward Evans, Proprietor, Rome. 
 
 One of the oldest lager breweries in the State, 
 and one of the largest in Central New York, is 
 the well known Vidvard Brewery, of which Mr. 
 Edward Evans has been proprietor since 1877. 
 This brewery was originally established in 1851, 
 since which time it has passed through many 
 changes of ownership, was destroyed by fire in 
 1872, was rebuilt the following year, and has 
 always sustained a reputation for producing 
 beer of a high standard of quality, and the 
 brewings have always stood in great demand 
 with the trade and consumers. 
 
 The present capacity of the Vidvard Brewery 
 is about five thousand barrels per annum, 
 which capacity will be enlarged to double that 
 amount upon the completion of improvements 
 contemplated being added by Mr. Evans, the 
 coming fall. The plant is located on Liberty 
 street and Wood creek, and comprises a main 
 building 48x84 feet in dimensions, and an ice 
 house 24x160 feet. Since coming into the pos- 
 session of the present proprietor many im- 
 provements have been introduced, and the 
 equipment now embraces all the modern in- 
 ventions and facilities for producing and sup- 
 plying the finest quality of lager beer to be ob- 
 tained in this market. 
 
 The trade of this brewery extends through- 
 out Northern and Central New York, and is 
 annually increasing in volume. The mechani- 
 cal department of the business is conducted 
 under the supervision of Mr. John Giehl, a 
 practical brewer, whose thorough knowledge 
 of the business and adoption of the best 
 
 methods, have done much to place the product 
 in its present enviable position. 
 
 Mr. Evans is a native of Utica, and has re- 
 sided in Rome for the past six years. He is 
 widely and well known as an energetic and 
 enterprising citizen and business man, and en- 
 joys the esteem and consideration of all with 
 whom he comes in contact. Conducting the 
 business upon an upright and liberal basis, and 
 quick to avail himself of every idea promising 
 improvement or desirable novelty, we must ac- 
 cord Mr. Evans the credit of being in a 
 position to afford extraordinary inducements 
 to the trade. 
 
 WARD WELL BROS. & CO., 
 
 Hardware, Iron and Steel Merchants, 
 56 DoMiNiCK Street. 
 
 No other branch of mercantile business has 
 increased in greater proportions, as our country 
 has grown older and more thickly settled, than 
 the hardware trade, and the extent to which it 
 has now grown is due to the energy of those 
 who have been long connected with the busi- 
 ness and who have developed a fitness and 
 capacity gained from long and active experi- 
 ence. Such a house in Rome is that of Messrs, 
 Wardwell Bros. & Co., which, originally es- 
 tablished in 1854, is not only one of the oldest 
 hardware establishments in Oneida county, but 
 is also the largest of the kind in the city. 
 Through the many changes in business and the 
 methods of conducting it which have taken 
 place during the career of this house, its 
 management has not been moss-gathering, and 
 to-day it is a most active, enterprising and 
 honorable competitor for legitimate business. 
 
 The salerooms and warehouse of the firm are 
 comprised in a three story brick building 200x 
 25 feet in dimensions, which is located in the 
 very center of the commercial activity of Rome. 
 Here is carried a stock embracing everything 
 under the heads of hardware, iron, steel, 
 metals, agricultural implements, carriage and 
 blacksmiths' supplies, manufacturers' supplies, 
 nails, cutlery, cordage, etc. The firm are sole 
 agents in this market for the sale of many 
 special lines of goods, and in all departments 
 of their business, their resources and facilities 
 for promptly filling orders are unsurpassed, re- 
 sulting in a trade extending throughout the 
 State. The firm as at present constituted was 
 organized in 1880, its individual members being 
 Messrs W. W., Samuel and J. S. Wardwell, 
 all residents of this city, and gentlemen closely 
 allied to the advancement of its commercial 
 
166 
 
 THE CITY OF ROME. 
 
 prosperity. In conclusion we may remark 
 that Messrs. Wardwell Bros. & Co., are pains- 
 taking merchants, who study the wants of 
 their trade, and by handling only a reliable 
 quality of goods have built up their present 
 extensive business. Still pursuing the same 
 methods and studying to improve them, they 
 may well expect a continuance of the prosperity 
 whioli has ever attended the house. 
 
 WM. EVANS & SONS, 
 
 Db;alers in Fresh and Salted Meats, &c., 
 :j9 Washington Street. 
 
 Among the most prominent and influential 
 houses engaged in handling provisions at 
 wholesale and retail in this city may be men- 
 tioned that of Messrs, Wm. Evans & Sons, 
 which, having been established in 1869, may 
 also be considered as one of the pioneers of 
 the trade, and we take pleasure in noting a 
 few brief facts concerning its history, facilities 
 and methods of business. 
 
 The house was originally established by Mr. 
 D. G. Evans, to whom the present firm, con- 
 sisting of Messrs. Wm. Evans, D. G. Evans 
 and Griffith Evans succeeded in 1872. The 
 premises occupied for the business are large 
 and commodious, and consist of a four-story 
 brick building, 20x60 feet in dimensions, 
 which affords ample accommodations for a 
 large and complete stock. Almost daily con- 
 signments of provisions are received, and the 
 firm are in possession of all modern facilities 
 for procuring the choicest supplies, while the 
 premises are conveniently arranged for trade 
 purposes, and are supplied with cold storage 
 for the preservation of perishable articles, 
 thereby enabling the firm to offer the best 
 goods to their customers. Seven assistants are 
 employed in the establishment, and orders re- 
 ceive the most prompt attention 
 
 The specialties of the house are fresh and 
 salted meats, pork, sausage, hams, bacon, 
 lard, poultry, vegetables, produce, etc., and a 
 leading feature of the business is pork-pack- 
 ing. The trade of the house extends through- 
 out the city and vicinity. 
 
 Messrs. Evans & Sons also deal largely in 
 milch cows, procuring them from Canada and 
 the West, and cattle is shipped by them to 
 New York and other eastern cities. 
 
 The members of the firm are all long-time 
 residents of Rome, and they are closely iden- 
 tified with the commercial welfare of the city. 
 The trade will find it greatly to their inter- 
 
 ests to make a factor of this house, wlien in 
 want of any goods in the lines above indicated, 
 and such marked advantages as can only with 
 difficulty be duplicated elsewhere. 
 
 F. K. JONP]S, 
 
 Flour and Grain Merchant, 98 Dominick 
 Street. 
 
 The high character and standing of the lead- 
 ing flour and grain houses of this city render 
 the trade a noticeable feature of the commer- 
 cial activity which pervades this growing city. 
 It would be an arduous task to compute the 
 vast amounts of these goods that are annually 
 sold through the medium of Rome merchants, 
 and large as the trade now is, it is yearly in- 
 creasing in volume. A well-known house en- 
 gaged in this important trade, is that of Mr. 
 F. K. Jones, which was originally established 
 in 1872, by Messrs. Tiffany & Jones; the pres- 
 ent proprietor succeeding to the business in 
 1874, since which time it has been conducted 
 with increased prosperity and success. 
 
 The premises occupied for the conduct of 
 the busines embraces an ample store and 
 salesroom, and a large warehouse, the latter 
 being utilized for storage purposes. Here is 
 carried a full and complete stock of flour, feed, 
 grain, salt, oil meal, etc., which are offered at 
 lowest market prices to the trade and con- 
 sumers. A leading specialty of the house is 
 the handling of seeds, and the stock of timothy, 
 clover and garden seeds, shown here, is unsur- 
 passed in extent or quality in Central New 
 York. All goods are received direct from 
 producers and manufacturers in car-load lots, 
 and inducements are offered the trade and 
 consumers difficult to procure elsewhere. An 
 inspection of the goods in store and the man- 
 ner in which the trade is conducted, point at 
 once to a system of order and simplicity that 
 pervades every department, that must, in the 
 nature of things, result in permanent advant- 
 ages to all patrons. The trade of the house 
 extends throughout Oneida and Lewis counties, 
 and is largely with dealers doing business 
 along the lines of the various railroads center- 
 ing here. 
 
 The elements of success exhibited in the 
 growth of his business, of which this is but a 
 too brief sketch, ai-e clearly indicated in the 
 personal characteristics of the proprietor, 
 whose natural capabilities have found an ad- 
 mirable outlet in the prosecution of a work 
 in which he has acquired an enviable reputation. 
 
WATERVILLE, 
 
 fHIS beautiful village is located partly in the town of Sangerfield and partly 
 in Marshall. It is on the line of the D. L. & W. RR, twenty-two miles 
 south of Utica. Its population is nearly 1,900. It is the seat of consid- 
 erable manufacturing business, among which are noticeable a large boot 
 and shoe factory, a tannery, foundries, lumber and carriage shops, and also a 
 hop extract factory. Waterville has long been known as the seat of a very large 
 hop trade, the surrounding country being second to none in the cultivation 
 of this useful product. It is estimated that about 25,000 bales of hops are 
 annually shipped from this place. 
 
 THE BRUNSWICK ELECTRO-MAGNETIC 
 AND MEDICAL SANITARIUM, 
 
 Waterville, N. Y. 
 
 Amona: the manifold enterprises and insti- 
 tutions of Oneida county it would not become 
 us to omit mention of the above establishment. 
 Although not strictly of a commercial nature, 
 yet reoosfnizinsr the fact that numbers of our 
 
 business men are yearly prostrated by over 
 work, and being equally liable with others to 
 the attacks of disease, the great advantages 
 which this institution offers, renders it un- 
 necessary for us to apologize in bringing it be- 
 fore the notice of our readers. 
 
 It is an undeniable fact that electricity, 
 when skilfully directed, acts as an agent for 
 curing most of the diseases which flesh is heir 
 
 to, and this often when all other means 
 have failed. The science of the electro 
 magnetic physician is yet but imperfectly un- 
 derstood, but this is not to be denied that 
 those who have tried what this great force can 
 effect have in almost all instances been per- 
 manently benefited by it. But that these de- 
 sired results shall be achieved it is highly 
 essential that the treatment shall be applied 
 by those who are thorough experts, possessing 
 a complete medical knowledge,and of undoubt- 
 ed skill and character. 
 
 It is in accordance with these remarks that 
 we speak of the above institution, which was 
 established July 15, 1882, and which is under 
 the proprietorship of Drs. W. D. Hoffman and 
 J. D. Palmer, assisted by Mrs. T. S. Palmer. 
 
 The Sanitarium, as a hotel, is fitted up in 
 the best manner, with hot and cold water on 
 every floor, and the table is supplied with 
 everything which the market affords, while 
 the rates, which vary from $12 to $20 per week, 
 are every way reasonable. The location is ad- 
 mirable ; those who have visited Waterville 
 are aware that no prettier village is to be found 
 in the State of New York, and being at a con- 
 siderable elevation above the level of the sea, 
 is entirely free from malaria, while the air is 
 invigorating and pure. 
 
 We will now, with the brief space at our dis- 
 posal, speak of the advantages to the invalid 
 which are afforded by a treatment at the Sani- 
 tarium. This is ess^itially electrical and is a 
 combination of electricity with an insulatec^ 
 
168 
 
 WATKRVILL. 
 
 chamber in conjunction with either hot or 
 cold air or vapor. This acts in cleansing and 
 opening the pores of the skin, naturally puri- 
 fying the blood by removing all impurities 
 which accumulate in the fluids of the tissues 
 of the body, and thus invigorating the system, 
 promoting the natural appetite, completing 
 digestion and generally building up the sys- 
 tem. 
 
 The electro therapeutic bath is a valuable 
 specific either in conjunction with ordinary 
 medical treatment or otherwise, and combat- 
 ing and overcoming rheumatism, neuralgia, 
 catarrh, dyspepia, liver complaints, nervous 
 and kidney affections, as well as what are gen- 
 erally designated as female maladies. 
 
 We call the attention of physicians to the 
 fact, as by its means they can sensibly advance 
 their practice as the merits of the appliance 
 becomes recognized, as it cannot fail to do 
 after investigation. If desired a thorough 
 course of study in Faradic, Galvanic and Static 
 electricity will be imparted to them at the in- 
 stitution. 
 
 The bath, with all its appointments, is furn- 
 ished complete for $250. 
 
 Of the proprietors. Dr. Hoffman is a graduate 
 of the Iowa State Medical College, and has 
 served his country during the late war and in 
 the United States navy. He is the inventor of 
 the electro therapeutic bath, of which we have 
 spoken above. Dr. Palmer is a skilled electri- 
 cian and a gentleman, and also possesses that 
 rare talent "how to keep a hotel." Mrs. T. S. 
 Palmer has an extensive and practical knowl- 
 edge of the complicated and intricate diseases 
 of females, as well as a thorough knowledge 
 of Electro-Therapeutics as applied to the treat- 
 ment of these and other maladies. Altogether 
 the faculty of this institution is perfect, afford- 
 ing not only a plea.sant and quiet retreat, but 
 the advantages to be obtained here by a course 
 of treatment are not to be over estimated. 
 Health is the greatest desideratum, and when 
 this can be gained . promptly and completely, 
 and with but little expense, the blame is en- 
 tirely with those who refuse to avail themselves 
 of the advantages offered. To our readers, 
 therefore, we can highly commend this insti- 
 tution as a most valuable one for its curative 
 advantages as well as the home-like and com- 
 fortable character which is a distinguishing 
 feature of its management. A circular and 
 particulars will be forwarded to those who 
 wish to obtain further particulars. 
 
 C. BUELL & SON, 
 
 Manufacturers of Boots and Shoes, and 
 Tanners of Calf Skin and Kip Leather, 
 Waterville. N. Y. 
 
 The most important manufacturing estab- 
 lishment in Waterville. and in fact a leading 
 one in Oneida county, is that of Messrs. C. 
 Buell & Son. But few enterprises exist in- 
 deed in the State that can boast of a prosper- 
 ous and honorable career of over half a cen- 
 tury. It was in the year 1834 that the business 
 was first instituted, and it was then known as 
 Buell & Newbury, and in the year 1858 its 
 present title was finally adopted. 
 
 The premises utilized for the business con- 
 sist, in the first place, of a boot and shoe fac- 
 tory, located contiguous to the railroad. This 
 is a brick building of four floors, each of the 
 dimensionsof 100x48 feet. Besides these there 
 are two tanneries, one covering a space of 
 150x38, and the other being 100x45 feet in ex- 
 tent. These are provided with the very best 
 of machinery and devices suited to the busi- 
 ness, no expense being spared to make the 
 establishments model ones in all respects, and 
 giving in their various branches employment 
 to about one hundred and fifty skilled opera- 
 tives. 
 
 The products of the house consist of men's 
 fine shoes and calf and kip boots, of the 
 best quality and most attractive styles. A 
 feature of tl>is firm's business is that they tan 
 their own leather, thus being able to ensure at 
 all times perfect uniformity in the quality of 
 the goods offered. 
 
 The trade of the house is principally in the 
 western section of the country as well as in 
 New York, Pennsylvania and Kentucky. 
 
 The reputation of this firm and of the goods 
 they manufacture has been brought about by 
 the high quality of the output. Commencing 
 a business many years ago of the most unim- 
 portant character, it has gradually and surely 
 grown to its present commanding position 
 solely by following those principles of fair 
 dealing and value for money which are the 
 sure forerunners of success. Not only to gain 
 custom, but to hold it in all instances, has been 
 the watchword of the business policy of this 
 house. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. C. Buell 
 and E. W. Buell. the former gentleman who is 
 the founder of the house having been born in 
 Springfield, Mass., but he has been a resident 
 of Waterville since the year 1817, Mr,_E. W, 
 
Buell is a native of this place, and is a gentle- 
 man thoroughly posted in every detail con- 
 nected with his business. We mW refrain 
 from further personal comment, but to the 
 trade we can safely remark, that at this house 
 inducements are offered, both as to prices and 
 quality of goods, that cannot elsewhere be 
 easily duplicated, and all transactions with 
 Messrs. C. Buell & Son will in all cases be em- 
 inently satisfactory. 
 
 E. WESTCOTT & SON, 
 
 Carriage Builders, and Dealers in Agri- 
 cultural Implements and Edged Tools, 
 Waterville, N. Y. 
 
 A prominent manufacturing concern of this 
 beautiful village is that of Messrs. E.Westcott & 
 Son, whose energies are devoted to the produc- 
 tion of articles included under the above head- 
 ing. The business has been in existence for a 
 period of over forty years.the ten latter of which 
 have been under its present title, although the 
 senior partner has been intimately connected 
 with it since its inception. 
 
 The premises occupied are perfect in their 
 arrangement, being divided into the separate 
 departments of office, blacksmith shop, paint 
 shop and storage rooms. Steam and water 
 power are utilized, and all of the best of appa- 
 ratus for the proper execution of the work 
 giving employment to a considerable number 
 of skilled workmen. 
 
 The products of the house are hop wagons 
 and lumber wagons, as well as a general line 
 of other goods incident to the manufacture. 
 Especially is the lumber wagon manufactured 
 by the house noticeable for its simple arrange- 
 ment, whereby lumber can be loaded and un- 
 loaded with the minimum of time and labor. 
 
 Besides the above, Messrs. Westeott & Son 
 are agents for a full line of staple agricultural 
 implements, of the newest designs and best 
 manufacture, as well as hop tools of all de- 
 scriptions, notably among which is the " West- 
 eott Hop Hoe." 
 
 The members of the fii-m are Messrs. E. and 
 G. E. Westeott, both natives of Waterville and 
 gentlemen who may be said to be thorough 
 experts in their business. 
 
 WATERVILLE. 169 
 
 Their goods go to all parts of the United 
 States, and those interested can be assured of 
 receiving from this house fair and liberal 
 treatment. All enquiries regarding its pro- 
 ducts will be met with prompt and full partic- 
 ulars on application. 
 
 THE WATERVILLE TIMES, and 
 HOP REPORTER, Waterville. 
 
 We deem it to the interest of our readers to 
 give in this volume some few details relative 
 to the above newspaper, not only because of 
 the energy which is displayed in its manage- 
 ment, but on account of its importance as a 
 journal devoted to the hop interests of the 
 country. 
 
 It was originally established in the year 
 1855, but it has only been in the proprietoT'ship 
 of Mr. Frank J. Cutter for a space of about 
 two years, since when, however, it has received 
 a marked impetus both in enterprise and cir- 
 culation. 
 
 We are safe n asserting that it is the best 
 local newspaper in the southern portion of the 
 county. It is independent and fearless in its 
 politics and comments and is uncontrolled by 
 party or clique. 
 
 It is the best hop paper in the country and 
 gives from two to three columns of hop re- 
 ports each week. 
 
 A special edition is published every Tuesday 
 which contains the latest market reports. 
 Semi-weekly cable reports are received and 
 published as to the state of markets abroad, 
 and telegrams from the New York market are 
 also given. In fact we can safely assert that 
 all the hop news up to time of publication are 
 herein contained. Besides publishing this 
 valuable paper, Mr. Cutter conducts an exten- 
 sive job office, where the best of work is ex- 
 ecuted at moderate rates. 
 
 As a medium of advertising for farmers and 
 hop growers its value is not to be overestimated. 
 The subscription price is $1.50, payable strictly 
 in advance, the outlay of which sum will be 
 amply compensated to those who may decide 
 to patronize it. 
 
 Thus we can commend this journal to all in- 
 terested in hops, as well as to the public, who 
 will find that also for general news it is fully 
 up to the standard. 
 
CAMDEN 
 
 CAMDEN is situated on the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg railroad, 
 eighteen miles northwest of Eorae. It has three churches, two weekly 
 newspapers, and manufactories of lumber, leather, pumps, sash, doors and 
 blinds, and also an extensive chair factory. The population of the village 
 is about 1,700. The west branch of Fish creek flows diagonally through the 
 town towards the southeast ; Mad river, from the north, unites with it near the 
 village, and Little river, a tributary, forms part of the southern boundary. The 
 soil throughout the township is a sandy loam, in some places gravelly and 
 stony, but well adapted to grazing. 
 
 No. 202 Rocker 
 
 F. H. CONANT'S SONS, 
 Chair Manufacturers, Camden. 
 
 The tendency of manufacturers of 
 all kinds being in the direction of 
 large factories, it is, of course, to 
 be expected that articles of such 
 universal use as chairs should be 
 produced in enormous quantities 
 and by extensive establishments. In 
 fact, the cost of production is so 
 lessened by the employment of a 
 large plant, ingenious machinery 
 and powerful steam engines, that 
 except in large establishments, it 
 is difficult to compete with other 
 manufacturers. 
 
 Among the most extensive chair 
 manufactories in the country is that 
 of Messrs. F. H. Conant's Sons, of 
 Camden, which was established in 
 1851 by F. H. Conant, upon an 
 almost in significant scale, as com- 
 pared with its present proportions. 
 The manufacturing plant covers an 
 area of about six acres, upon which 
 are erected a number of large build- 
 ings, including the main factory, 
 the finishing shop, five dry houses, 
 two stock houses, boiler house, store- 
 house and sheds for lumber, etc. 
 The plant is equipped with all the 
 latest improved machinery known 
 to the trade, and is operated by both 
 water power and steam power, the 
 latter being derived from one 65 
 horse power engine and two 40 
 horse power boilers. This industry, 
 
171 
 
 which is the largest in Camden, adds greatly 
 to the industrial thrift of the village, by the 
 employment of nearly one hundred operatives, 
 besides which, several commercial travelers are 
 kept on the road making sales to the trade 
 throughout the United States. The products 
 of the house are shipped to all parts of the 
 country, and to many foreign markets, and a 
 ready market is found for the entire out put. 
 
 In the manufacture of their specialties, 
 the firm use about one million feet of lumber 
 annually. This is all procured direct from the 
 forests, and is cut and dried by their own 
 workmen. The timber is purchased standing, 
 and the firm employ their own saw-mills in mak- 
 ing it into lumber. In fact every operation 
 connected with the manufacture of their pro- 
 ducts IS accomplished on the premises, thus 
 enabling them to supply their goodsat the 
 lowest possible cost. The products of the house 
 embrace all kinds of chairs, their specialties 
 being patent rockers, folding chairs centre 
 tables, stands, etc. The firm are constantly 
 introducing new designs and patterns in their 
 products, which are meeting with great demand. 
 For diversity, superior workmanship and fine 
 finish their goods will compare favorably 
 with those made by any other similar concern 
 in the country. 
 
 The individual members of the firm, Messrs. 
 E. H . & G. F. Conant, are too well known as 
 enterprising and energetic business men to re- 
 quire personal comments at our hands. In 
 conclusion, however, we state but a fact, when 
 we say that it is to the enterprise and efforts 
 of such organizations of capital and energy as 
 this firm, that the United States are indebted 
 for their present industrial supremacy. 
 
 CAMDEN KNITTING MILLS. 
 
 Frisbie & Stansfield,. Proprietoes. 
 
 There are some establishments which, though 
 unpretending and without ostentation or 
 
 striving, have contributed much to the fund 
 of general welfare, and are prominent factors 
 in the industrial progress of this country. Of 
 such the Camden Knitting Mills may be justly 
 classed as one of the most worthy and substan- 
 tial. Though established as late as 1881, the 
 Camden Knitting Mills have become one of 
 the most important industries of Camden, and 
 are exceeded in the employment of labor by 
 but one other industry in the village. 
 
 The manufacturing plant comprises a new 
 three story mill, 36x75 feet in dimensions, a 
 one story dye and stocking house 25x60 feet, 
 and a store house 15x30. The machinery with 
 which the plant is equipped embodies the most 
 perfect mechanism extant for the purposes to 
 which it IS applied, and includes 79 knitting 
 machines, two sets of cards, spinning jacks, 
 winders, spoolers, etc., employment being 
 found in the several departments of the busi- 
 ness for one hundred operatives. 
 
 The products of the mills consist of yarns 
 and knit goods, including Germantowns, sax- 
 onys, and knitting worsteds, leggins, hosiery, 
 scarfs, mittens, &c. That the goods manufac- 
 tured by the Camden Knitting Mills are of a 
 superior quality in the essentials of durability, 
 fine finish and tasteful designs and patterns, 
 is verified by the fact that an increasing de- 
 mand has been established for them, that ex- 
 tends throughout the United States. 
 
 Messrs. Frisbie & Stansfield, the proprietors 
 of the Camden Knitting Mills, are also engaged 
 in the sale of dry goods, in Camden, notice of 
 which enterprise is made elsewhere. The pol- 
 icy of liberality and honorable dealing upon 
 which their business is based, cannot be sufii- 
 ciently endorsed, and as a result has followed 
 that substantial public support, without which 
 no operations of such magnitude as those of 
 the Camden Knitting Mills could be long con- 
 tinued, and it is with pleasure, therefore, that 
 we extend the firm the above courtesv. 
 
ORISKANY, 
 
 /^, RISK ANY is a village situated near the mouth of theOriskany creek, and 
 J| i!|i has at this present time a population of about COO. It is on the line of the 
 mM New York Central R R, about midway between Utica and Rome. The Erie 
 ^""^ canal passes through the village. The battle of Oriskany was fought here 
 August 5th, 1777. Important manufactures are carried ou here, including an 
 extensive cider mill, felting and blanket mills, and malleable iron shops. It is 
 a thriving little village and is fast increasing in importance. 
 
 WATERBURY & SONS, 
 
 Manufacturers of Pelting and Horse 
 Blankets, Oriskany, N. Y. 
 
 It would not become us in this work to neg- 
 lect to give some account of the enterprise of 
 Messrs. Waterbury & Sons of Oriskany. Their 
 business was first established in Rensselaerville 
 in 1869, and was carried on at that place until 
 January 1st, 1880, when it was transferred to 
 its present location. 
 
 Kor the [xajK ^l ol l iiimii-, i ii the buMLLss 
 extensive premises are utili/ed, co\erm^ a 
 space of about four acres, and consisting of a 
 wool house, dye house, oflfice and store, and 
 main mill. Both steam and water power are 
 used in operating the machinery, which is of 
 the newest and best patterns suitable to the 
 business. Remarkable among the appliances 
 utilized is a 216 inch loom, which allows of 
 manufacturing a felt of more than ordinary 
 width. Altogether the whole plant is perfect 
 of its kind, and gives employment to about 
 seventy-five skilled operatives. 
 
 The products of the house comprise felting 
 for paper manufacturers. This can be relied 
 on as being manufactured from the best of 
 material and with the greatest care, and is 
 guaranteed equal in all particulars to the best 
 of foreign fabrics. We call the attention spe- 
 cially of paper manufacturers to the products 
 of this house, assured as we are that nowhere 
 can they be surpassed. Among others we will 
 especially mention the super-felts for fine 
 writing and ledger papers. The horse blankets 
 are also of the best quality, and are known to 
 the trade as the "Waterbury Blankets," and 
 have firmly established their reputation, owing 
 to the uniform and superior quality of the 
 goods. It will be manifestly to the advantage 
 of dealers to handle them, as by so doing they 
 may rely on being able to supjsly their custom- 
 ers with a horse blanket which is beyond 
 doubt the best manufactured in the United 
 States. 
 
 The trade of the house extends all over the 
 United States, and goods are also exported to 
 Mexico and Japan. 
 
 The shipping facilities of the establishment 
 are not to be surpassed, the Erie canal and N. 
 Y. C. & H. R. R. R. being adjacent to the 
 works, allowing of forwarding goods to any 
 part of the country with cheapness and dis- 
 patch. 
 
 The gentlemen comprising the firm are 
 Messrs. H., J. C, C. A., D. A., H. T. and J. 
 E. Waterbury, the latter of whom occupies the 
 position of superintendent of the establish- 
 ment. All of the members of the firm, how- 
 ever, are in every way competent to the busi- 
 ness, possessing a thorough knowledge of all 
 its details. 
 
WHITESBOBO. 
 
 173 
 
 From the above remarks it will be at once 
 patent to our readers of the importance of this 
 industry. It is the most extensive of the kind 
 in the country, and its business policy is that of 
 fair dealing, and of making the very best 
 quality of goods at fair prices. These princi- 
 ples have led to success ; and in pursuing them 
 in the future the firm will be but bearing out 
 their established reputation of the past. 
 
 ORISKANY MALLEABLE IRON CO., 
 
 LliMITED, OrISKANY, N. Y. 
 
 The Oriskany Malleable Iron Co., Limited, 
 was first established about four years ago, and 
 since its inception has met with a success 
 which has not only every indication of perma- 
 nence, but which bids fair to largely increase 
 in the not far distant future, and this has 
 been mainly owing to the able manner in which 
 it has been conducted by tliose at its direction. 
 
 The premises utilized in the business cover 
 considerable space of ground, and on which 
 are erected a number of buildings each for 
 their several purposes. Thus we have the 
 moulding room, malleable room, and the 
 building containing the office, sorting and pat- 
 tern departments. 
 
 The establishment is one of the best of its 
 kind, and gives employment in its various de- 
 partments to about sixty artisans. 
 
 The firm manufacture almost every con- 
 ceivable kind of smaller iron castings suitable 
 
 for manifold purposes. Among others we 
 will mention castings for harness work, which 
 constitutes a very important branch of the 
 business ; and also velocipede castings, buckles, 
 bits, eta. The greatest of care is exercised 
 that these shall be of the best quality, and 
 that only the best quality of metals is utilized. 
 
 "We wish specially to draw attention to 
 to the soft metal patterns for smaller castings, 
 manufactured by the house, and for which 
 they have unusual facilities at hand. 
 
 All advantages are present for turning out 
 goods at low prices. Labor is abundant and 
 coal can be procured at a low rate. The fa- 
 cilities for shipping either by railroad or canal 
 are not surpassed, both of which are but a 
 stone's throw distant from the works. 
 
 The president of the company is Mr. Geo- 
 Graham, and Mr. W. J. Walbran is treasurer, 
 and Mr. G. H. Graham superintendent. 
 These gentlemen all reside at Oriskany, and 
 give their constant and careful supervision to 
 the interests of the concern. 
 
 A large trade is transacted which is comprised 
 by New York, New Jersey, the Middle and 
 New England States. The goods have through- 
 out earned a reputation in these localities. In 
 conducting the business with the highest prin- 
 ciples of business policy, the company can be 
 entirely relied on, and in this belief we commend 
 it to the notice and consideration of our inter- 
 ested readers. 
 
 WHITESBORO 
 
 '^E have already, in an earlier part of this work, written extensively of this 
 I place, as its history is coeval with the history of the county. The beau- 
 tiful village of Whitesboro is situated in the southeast part of the town 
 of Whitestown, and contains several important manufactories. It is 
 located on the N. Y. C. RR. about four miles from Utica, and the Erie canal 
 passes through the village. The population of Whitesboro is about 1,000 per- 
 sons. There are but few villages, either in this State or elsewhere, which are 
 as pleasant or as admirably located. 
 
 W. B. QUIGLEY & CO. 
 
 Manufacturers of Chamber Sets and 
 Sideboards, Whitesboro. 
 
 This important manufactory was founded in 
 1878 as Bennett & Quigley, and become known 
 by its present title in 1875. 
 
 The plant covers an area of over 60,000 
 square feet, and an engine and boiler of 150 
 
 horse power is utilized in driving the ma- 
 chinery, which is of the best pattern and de- 
 scription. A force of about 150 men are given 
 j employment in turning out a high grade of 
 goods of the above mentioned character. 
 
 The trade of the house is located mainly in 
 New York, Pennsylvania, and the Middle and 
 Western States, where the goods bear a high 
 character for workmanship and design. 
 
174 
 
 COLE.\fAyS MILLS. 
 
 The members of the firm are Messrs. W. B. 
 Quigley, J. C. Smith and W. B. Sutlon. the 
 fonner a resident of New York and the latter 
 of Utica. No comment of these gentlemen is 
 needed, and those who should trade with the 
 house will no doubt find all transactions satis- 
 factory and advantageous. 
 
 W. B. WILLIAMS & SON, 
 
 Lumber Dealers, Saw and Planing Mill, 
 AND Manufacturers of Sash, Doors and 
 Blinds, Whitesboro. 
 
 The business of the above firm was estab- 
 lished in the year 1809, as Law. Williams & 
 Co., but has only been known by its present 
 title during the current year. The estab- 
 lishment was but lately destroyed by fire, but 
 has now been rebuilt and the advantage has 
 been taken of thoroughly equipping the enter- 
 prise with the newest and best machinery 
 suitable to the business. 
 
 The establishment may be said to be in its 
 line of a most important character. It covers 
 an area of about five and a half acres, on 
 which are located lumber sheds, planing and 
 saw mills, and a plant driven by an engine of 
 50 normal horse power. Everything is ar- 
 ranged with the greatest care as to detail to 
 enable the firm to produce goods of the best 
 
 quality at the lowest prices. The location of 
 the mill leaves nothing to be desired, it being 
 contiguous to the canal, and the railroad being 
 within easy access. 
 
 The products of the establishment include 
 all varieties of hard and soft lumber, sash, 
 doors and blinds, packing boxes and all des- 
 criptions of wood work for building purposes, 
 and in these a large trade is transacted, ex- 
 tending throughout the central and northern 
 portions of the State. 
 
 Our readers who should need any of this 
 class of manufactures can depend on obtain- 
 ing them here of as good quality as can be 
 procured in the State, and they can also, in 
 all cases, depend on being supplied with 
 promi'tness and dispatch. 
 
 A force of about fifty operatives, as well as 
 a number of teams, are given employment by 
 the firm in connection with the business. 
 
 The gentlemen comprising the firm are 
 Messrs. W. B. cSi E. W. Williams, both natives 
 of Whitesboro, and gentlemen who are in 
 every way expert in everything connected with 
 the business. They are of course well known 
 to the community in which they reside, and 
 we can commend them as constituting a firm 
 who have invariably given satisfaction to all 
 having dealing with them, and which reputa- 
 tion it is their purpose to maintain in the 
 future. 
 
 COLEMAN S MILLS, 
 
 COLEMAN'S MILLS is a hamlet three miles from Whitesboro and about 
 two from Oriskany. It is located in the midst of a thickly settled farming 
 neighborhood, and contains a grist mill and batting factory. It was here 
 that the first .settlement was made in the county, and it became the nucleus 
 of civilization for Central New York. Water power is abundant, being sup- 
 plied from the Oriskany creek which runs through the hamlet. 
 
 WILLIAM N. CHRISMAN, 
 
 Cotton Batting Manufacturer, Coleman's 
 Mills. 
 
 Cotton batting is a substance that enters 
 largely in the manufacture of a number of 
 different articles, and is a fabric of very con- 
 siderable commercial importance. 
 
 Engaged in this manufacture we find Mr. 
 William N. Chrisman, whose mill is located at 
 Coleman's Mills, and which consists of a wooden 
 building G0x30 feet in dimensions, and for 
 which the power is furnished by water from 
 Oriskany creek, and which can always be de- 
 pended on for its abundance and never failing 
 stream. 
 
 Owing to the advantages of location and the 
 commercial system of conducting the enter- 
 prise, Mr. Chrisman is enabled to produce his 
 
 goods, which consist of cotton-batting and 
 shoddy, for bed-quilts and other purposes, at 
 prices lower than any other establishment in 
 the State of New York. This we are assured 
 has been demonstrated, and can be relied on 
 as but the simple facts. 
 
 Mr. Chrisman gives employment to about 
 seven operatives in connection with his busi- 
 ness, which is rapidly increasing. He is a na- 
 tive of this county, and is a gentleman of en- 
 ergy and enterprise in all his undertakings. 
 This has been demonstrated by the success which 
 has attended his efforts, and which has been 
 the immediate result of these characteristics, 
 coupled with those pi-inciples of business integ- 
 rity and fair dealing without which no per- 
 manent success is attainable. We can thus in 
 every way direct the attention of our interested 
 readers to this house as one with which to estab- 
 lish advantageous business relations. 
 
INDEX. 
 
 Adams Bros. & Co., rope and twine 141 
 
 Akehurst, E. L., fine stationery 88 
 
 Aland, S., machinist, blowers 157 
 
 Allen, B. & Sons, stone contractors 74 
 
 Bagg's Hotel 136 
 
 Baker, Charles P., florist 128 
 
 Barnard, Edw., harness, etc 164 
 
 Barnard, H. Sons, paper hangings and 
 
 millinery 61 
 
 Bates, P. W , carriages 83 
 
 Bayliss & Co., nickel platers 127 
 
 Beck, G. W. & Son, meats and poultry.. . 150 
 
 Beck with, H., stoves, etc 128 
 
 Biederman, J., harness and trunks 68 
 
 Bingham, R. M., saddlery hardware 148 
 
 Blush of Roses 133 
 
 Boynton, W. P., wholesale hats, caps, furs. 117 
 Bristol & Smith, booksellers and stationers 90 
 
 Broughton. A. J., drugs 146 
 
 Brunswick Sanitarium 167 
 
 Buchanan, G. J., factory supplies 67 
 
 Buckingham, E. D., music and the fine arts 118 
 Buckley & Co., dry goods and carpets. ... 91 
 Buell & Son, boot and shoe factory and 
 
 tannery 168 
 
 Buell, Merriman & Barnett, saddlery hard- 
 ware 152 
 
 Burke, M. J., picture frames and wall paper 127 
 
 Butler & Hamilton, grocers 122 
 
 Butterfield House 136 
 
 Butterfield, Theo. P., livery stable . . . . 93 
 
 Camden Knitting Mills 171 
 
 Carr, P. S., confectioner 129 
 
 Carton & Co., stoves, furnaces, etc 94 
 
 Carton Purnace Company, furnaces 113 
 
 Cassidy, Pred. A., undertaker 82 
 
 Central National Bank of Rome 145 
 
 Chatfield's. T. W. Sons, furnaces 121 
 
 (.Ihilds, J. M. & Co , agric'l implements,etc. 81 
 
 C'hrisman, W. J., cotton batting. 174 
 
 Clark, H. G. & Co , coal 110 
 
 Cloyes, J. N.. shoe factory 67 
 
 Commercial Phone 134 
 
 Comstock Bros., wholesale grocers and 
 
 druggists 66 
 
 Conant, P. H. Sons, chair factory . . . . 170 
 
 Cooper H. H. & Co., wholesale clothing. . 72 
 
 Cozzens Bros., carpet beaters 114 
 
 Crouse, J. M. & C. B., wholesale grocers. . 129 
 
 Curran's. Edward Sons., leather 58 
 
 Curtis, Philo. machine shop and foundery 62 
 
 Curtiss & Childs, printers 119 
 
 Cushman, D. J., wholesale clothing 115 
 
 Bagwell. John, foundery 97 
 
 Davies, D. J. H., steam laundry 87 
 
 Davies, John A., furniture 73 
 
 Dean, L., iron work 103 
 
 De Long, M. B. , furniture y 1 
 
 Dent, Wra. & Son, novelty works 104 
 
 Devendorf, L. B.,white bronze monuments 130 
 
 Dimon & Disbrow, shoe factory 104 
 
 Doux, Jules, The Dye House 89 
 
 Page. 
 Downer, E. P., lumberand planing mill. . 56 
 
 Doyle Bros., machinists' models 164 
 
 Du Bois, Geo. & Co., crockery, glass, etc. 68 
 Dun, H. G. & Co., mercantile agency 86 
 
 Egert, J. G., flour, feed, and iron ore 98 
 
 Ely, John D. , stoves and ranges 151 
 
 Empire Brewing Company 126 
 
 Etheridge, A. & Co., wholesale grocers . . 158 
 
 Evans, Edw., brewer 165 
 
 Evans, William & Son, meats 166 
 
 Evans & Giehl, ale brewers 161 
 
 Everett, M. J., flour, feed and produce. . . 76 
 Everts, W. A., coal 119 
 
 Parmers' National Bank of Rome 147 
 
 Pay, H. I., ticket agency 126 
 
 Pirst National Bank of Rome 157 
 
 Pirst National Bank of iJtiea 107 
 
 Port Stanwix National Bank 159 
 
 Poster. 0. S. & Bro., spring beds 108 
 
 Prisbie & Stansfield, knitting mills. ... 171 
 
 Globe Woolen Company 97 
 
 Graff & Warner, fish, fruits and oysters. . 139 
 Griffiths, Griffin & Hoxie, coffee and spice 
 
 mills, ecc 64 
 
 Guelich, Otto E. C, meats 110 
 
 Hackett, C, confectionery, etc 74 
 
 Hall, Benjamin, hides, etc. 101 
 
 Hart, H. G. & Co.. foundery 105 
 
 Hayes & Martin, flour and feed mill. ... 62 
 
 Head & Winston, wholesale grocers 123 
 
 Henry, Wm. E., tinware, rags and metals. 78 
 
 Hoerlein, R. G., merchant tailor 116 
 
 Hoffman & Palmer, Drs., Brunswick San, 167 
 
 Hoi brook, H. J. & Co., shoe factory. . 63 
 
 Household Art Rooms, interior decoration 85 
 
 Howe. N., wholesale grocer.. 139 
 
 Hubley Bros., rags, metals, paper stock, etc. 120 
 
 Hughes & Evans. marble and granite works 96 
 
 Hutten, Charles, brewer 72 
 
 Jacobs & Campbell, grocers, storage, and 
 
 forwarding 151 
 
 Joerissen, Joseph, cigar factory 106 
 
 Johnson & Murray, wholesale grocers. . . . 125 
 Johnson & Parker, steam engines, boilers, 
 
 and jobbing 117 
 
 Jones, P. K., flour and feed 166 
 
 Jones, Plora A., " Blush of Roses" 133 
 
 Jones & Hower, groceries and fruit 168 
 
 Jones, John 0. & Sons, grocers 84 
 
 Kamp, George, pattern and model maker. 87 
 
 Kavanagh. W. H., plumber 77 
 
 Kellogg. C. C, lumber, and planing mill. 92 
 
 Kelley. J. M. & Co., stoves, etc 100 
 
 Kendrick, P. M. & Co., cigars and tobacco 124 
 Knox, A. J. , lumber l ] 1 
 
 Le Roy, Shattuck & Head, wagon builders' 
 
 hardware and furnaces ,56 
 
 Lord & Latimer, parlor furniture 79 
 
 Lowery, S. S. & Son, knitting mill 60 
 
176 
 
 Page. 
 
 Mansbach, S , millinery. . 132 
 
 Martin, Eenry, hats, caps and furs 140 
 
 Martin & Co., livery stable 130 
 
 Martin & Miller, retail clothing 69 
 
 Maxwell, U.C., saddlery hardware special- 
 ties, etc • • 1^0 
 
 McCreary & Shields,Utica Business Coll ge 103 
 
 McGarvey, W. H. & Co., wholesale liquors 75 
 
 McKinney & Allbright, wholesale coal. . . 135 
 
 McKown, S. A., picture frames and mir'rs 108 
 
 McMillan. J. B., drugs and groceries 105 
 
 Milgate, E. C, paper hangings, etc 105 
 
 Millar, Chas. & Son. cheese factory and 
 
 and plumbers' supplies 84 
 
 Miller, A. F., bookbinder 109 
 
 Miller, Horace, pumps 147 
 
 Moore & Sheldon, harness and trunks . . 70 
 
 Morgan, L. J., rags, metal and tin ware.. 163 
 
 Moshier Bros., teas, coffees and spices, etc. 102 
 
 Mulholland, John, dry goods 131 
 
 Newell, N. C. & Son, paints, oils, paper 
 
 hangings, etc 124 
 
 New York Locomotive Works 160 
 
 Northrup, D. W. & Co., Scotch caps 82 
 
 Olney & Fowler, canned goods 156 
 
 Oneita Knitting Mills 65 
 
 Oneida Brewery 83 
 
 O'Reilly, P. J., undertaker 107 
 
 Oriskany Malleable Iron Company. . 173 
 
 Owen, Pixley & Co., wholesale clothing. . 101 
 
 Owens, A. L., dairy 98 
 
 Owens, Day & Co., coal and wood 162 
 
 Payne, George, piping, pumps, etc 149 
 
 Peckham, J. S. & M., stoves, etc 85 
 
 Pell, H. W., carriage goods 148 
 
 People's Brewing Company 70 
 
 Perry, T. VV., clothing, etc 160 
 
 Pierce, David, grocer. . . .< 93 
 
 Purvis, Metcalf & Co., stationers and book 
 
 binders . • ■ 99 
 
 Quigley & Co., furniture factory 173 
 
 Ralph, George J. & Co., brewers 83 
 
 Randall, R. P., paints, oils, etc 135 
 
 Ray, Ben j.. druggist 78 
 
 Read, J. M., lumber and drain tile , 140 
 
 Reynolds Bros., shoe factory 77 
 
 Reynolds Patent Last Company Ill 
 
 Roberts, Butler & Co.. wholesale clothing 106 
 Roberts, Parry & Co., hardware and stoves 61 
 
 Rome Canning Company 156 
 
 Rome Iron Works 159 
 
 Rome Merchant Iron Mill 145 
 
 Rome Spring Wagon Company 154 
 
 Rome Steam Knitting Mills 156 
 
 Rowe, Jas. W.. wall paper and shades. . . , 126 
 Rowley & Horton, paper and stationery. . 96 
 Russ, George P., plumber ". . . 158 
 
 Schiller, Chas., jeweler 116 
 
 Schillner, M., wines and liquors 155 
 
 Schneible, P , soaps and candles 153 
 
 Searle, Jas. H., insurance and real estate. 158 
 
 Selden, G. V., lumber and planing mill. . 162 
 
 Shaughnessy Bros., hardware and roofers. 94 
 
 Shaver, C. C., silverware 109 
 
 Sheehan, J.H. & Co., drugs, paints.oils.etc. 99 
 
 Page. 
 
 Sherman, S. W., lumber and planing mill. 133 
 
 Sherwood & Golden, china, glass, etc ... 71 
 
 Simon & Barnum, book binders 102 
 
 Skenandoa Cotton Company 64 
 
 Smith,G.S.& Co., agricultural implements. 149 
 
 Smith, J.C. & Co., dry goods and carpets. 161 
 
 Smith & Putnam.real estate and insurance. 146 
 
 Stevens, G. W., cigars, tobaccos, etc. . . . 113 
 
 Stevens & Lockart, cigar factory 71 
 
 Tall man & Hurd, wholesale boots and 
 
 shoes 65 
 
 Tavender, J. & Co., soap and candles 112 
 
 Taylor, W. S., jeweler 134 
 
 Taylor & McCall, wholesale clothing 90 
 
 Thomas, T. R. & Co., fruits, fish and 
 
 oysters 123 
 
 Townsend, John hardware and agricultu- 
 ral implements 155 
 
 Union Oil Works 131 
 
 U. S. & Foreign Advertising & Collection 
 
 Company 134 
 
 Utica Business College 103 
 
 Utica Daily Press 109 
 
 Utica Dairy 98 
 
 Utica Foundery . . 105 
 
 Utica Furniture Company 137 
 
 Utica Nickel Plating Works 127 
 
 Utica Novelty Works 104 
 
 Utica Ornamental Iron Works 103 
 
 Utica Pattern and Model Works 87 
 
 Utica Planing Mill 92 
 
 Utica Steam Guage Company 57 
 
 Utica Steam Knitting Mills 60 
 
 Utica's School for Young Ladies 138 
 
 Vidvard, J. P. & Co., wholesale dry goods 
 
 and notions 55 
 
 Vidvard, J. & Son, wholesale liquors .... 73 
 
 Vidvard Brewery 165 
 
 Walker, A. , art store 95 
 
 Walker's bird store 95 
 
 Walker, C. E., frames and mirrors 95 
 
 Wardwell Bros. & Co , hardware 165 
 
 V/aterbury & Sons, felting and horse blan- 
 kets 172 
 
 Waterville Times and Hop Reporter 169 
 
 Weaver, G. F. & Sons, brickyard 60 
 
 Weiss, Christian furniture ... 86 
 
 Wells, J. B.. Son & Co.. dry goods and 
 
 carpets 76 
 
 Westcott E. & Son, lumber, hop wagons 
 
 and carriages 1 69 
 
 Westcott, Geo. & Co., hats, caps and furs 132 
 
 Westcott & Reusswig, merchant tailors. . 137 
 Wheeler, Russel Son & Co., stoves and 
 
 furnaces 89 
 
 White, H.L.& Thomas.wholesale clothing. 92 
 
 White, N. A. &Son, pottery and firebrick. 59 
 
 Wild & Devereux, knitting. mill 65 
 
 Williams Bros, knitting mills 156 
 
 Williams, W.B., lumber and planing mill. 174 
 
 Williams & Wight, wholesale clothing. . . 95 
 
 Willis, T. G., shirt factory 122 
 
 Wilsey, William, brickyard llo 
 
 Wilson, B., paper and paper stock II4 
 
 Winant, R. & Co., produce, flour, etc. . . . 83 
 
 Winheim, Geo., saddlery hardware 63 
 
 Zublin, R. D., hotel and restaurant 115 
 
 V 
 
poo|^, baw and foLlDin^ A'l^inhFi^, 
 167 G^ne^ee gt.^ Uti^a. 
 
 
 & 
 ^ 
 
 To Manufacturers and Business Men : 
 
 -^•' Attention is respectfully 
 
 FAG I LITI ES, ^^^^^^ ^° ^^® superior facili- 
 ^.^.i. : ties possessed by Curtiss & 
 
 Childs' Printing House for the prompt and work- 
 manlike production of every grade of Book or Job 
 Printing, plain or illuminated, at most economical 
 rates. 
 
 SPEei/\LTIES, 
 
 While we are prepared 
 with every requisite for 
 the proper execution of 
 all kinds oi Printing, our improved Presses, and 
 an extensive assortment of all the latest styles of 
 Types, especially qualifies this establishment for 
 the production of Fine Book Printing, Illus- 
 trated Catalogues, Price Lists, Artistic Color 
 Printing, &c In these grades our work cannot be 
 surpassed here or elsewhere. 
 
 Parties desiring to place 
 orders for Job Printing of any 
 description, are requested to 
 
 ,^^ ESTIMATES 
 
 call and examine Specimens of our work, or ad- 
 dress us by mail, 
 
 See descriptive notice page 119. 
 
 'I 
 
 ^-^ 
 
 
:GSf;^^f?^f^-^Gsr.>^f^^^^s^ 
 
 i-^^^^r^^^g-^g^ll 
 
 BUCKLE! ^ CO,, 
 
 A.re the szzccessors ofcL -retoJl^ry GroocLs 
 business, estcbbltsTxed tn 1337. 
 
 Jf^mom its fovLThdcLtioix izntiL no'Vir, it hcLS 
 been stecLcLily iixcrecLsing , and is to-day, tTxe 
 
 Handsomest Dry G^oods Establishment 
 
 in the State of JSTev^ ITonT^. 
 
 TKe pa.tnon.s of the in^stttixtion. ane of 
 the v^ealthien class, in. the city and sun- 
 noj2Jxdtn.g villa,ges, aixd coTtsegixerttZy , the 
 _ftrn^ deal in. the I^inest Goods tha± ojre br'oizght 
 to the coan-tny. 
 
 It is a. coTThTrtOTX sajyirtg a,7no7xg la^dtes, 
 " Jf yoTL ■v^a.Tht JSfice Q-oods, yoix hd-veto go 
 to :Bucktej<& Co.'s'' 
 
 ^gg-See editorial notice, page 91. 
 
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 014 221 350 3 •