Class. _E 5&s* Book ,.; PRESENTED BY ^oW-R.Yn^n^ JL4k HISTORY THIRTY-THIRD Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry DURING THE FOUR YEARS OF CIVIL WAR From Sept. 16, 1861, to Jul)' 21, 1865 AND INCIDENTALLY OF Col. John Coburn's Second Brigade THIRD DIVISION, TWENTIETH ARMY CORPS INCLUDING INCIDENTS OF THE GREAT REBELLION By JOHN R. McBRIDE INDIANAPOLIS WM. B. BURFORD, PRINTER AND BINDER 1 goo PREFACE. When the publication of this volume was first suggested, the author well knew that it would he an impossibility to write a complete history of the Thirty-third Indiana. When the war closed, all the original records of the regiment were passed directly into the archives of the War Department at Wash- ington, D. C, and as near as can be ascertained duplicate copies of them were not retained by any of the officers. These papers were further made more difficult of access in 1891, by order of the then Secretary of War Elkins, prohibiting reference to them hj any one in search of data for regimental histories. However, in this respect it has not been an entire failure, as the published "Records of the Rebellion" contain much data — but not all, by any means — of prime importance. Only those who have undertaken the task of writing a history of a regiment that had seen active service from the beginning to the end of the Civil War, can fully understand the difficulties that exist under the conditions noted. Harassed on every hand by obstacles of varying degrees; often checkmated at the yerj moment. gcmie. important. data were about to be grasped; and faiinrerta'j^c^itfliT^^fearty'SoV'cpieration of many who were equally interested, are incidents in the collection of material for this reginientai*:lri^(Vrjl*|lirft5)/jvJe**a'c''. f iines; well-nigh jeopardized the completion of ike 'Wort '"and' \v*orn' out' the patience of the writer. As a literary effort, the volume 1 does not rank with the productions of a Bancroft, or a Macaulay, and there have been no aspirations to that distinction. It may not even reach the dignity of its title, "His- tory," but that is immaterial. Distinction and title are matters of no real concern. The principal object has been to group together the facts relating to the part taken by the regiment in the Civil War, in as concise a form as possible, so that they could be reached by those who desired to consult them, without making an interminable search through scat- tered records. P. _ 2 _of. - n). 13F'02 Some of the materia] round in this volume has been gleaned from diaries kept at the time, and some has been contributed by a few com- rades and friends, and wherever possible, all unofficial matter of importance has been verified. If this volume is readable; if it is interesting; if it contains the Truth or History; and if it meets with the approval of surviving comrades of the regiment, the highest ambition will be satisfied; and, believing all these have been accomplished, it is presented, with some pride and no little pleasure to the Public. The "Roster" of the regiment is a reprint of the one published in the Report of Indiana's Adjutant-General made at the close of the war. It is incomplete and in many instances inaccurate; but, in the main, will serve the purpose for which it was intended. Corrections have been made whenever possible. The thanks of the writer are unhesitatingly tendered to those com- rades and friends who have done what they could to make the volume a success. John R. McBride. No. 64 I street, N. W., Washington, D. C. -3- This Volume is Dedicated to My Comrades — Living and Dead — OF THE Thirty-third Indiana Veteran Volunteer Infantry AND TO Their Descendants. JOHN R. McBRIDE. Washington, D. C, April 30, 1900. ERRATA Page 3, line 6, for "or History " read "of History." Page 7, line 1, for "19th" read "12th." Pag-e 20, line 25, for "three" read "four." Pag-e 51, line 8, read at end of paragraph, "also Henry D. Fowler, wag-oner, and Harrison Costin, private, Co. A and Francis M. and Jacob H. Smith, Co. K and Lewis Crider, Co. C," were wounded. Pag-e 94, line 9 of foot note, the names "Georg-e W. McKinley and John W. Hinson" should be omitted and inserted in line 10 after the word "wounded." Pag-e 96, lines 4 and 5, for "Capt. John T. Freeland, of Com- pany B" read "Capt. E. T. McCrea, of Company D." Pag-e 118, line 1, foot note, for "Corporal Thomas F. Rhea, read " Thomas M. Rhea." Page 118, lines 2 and 3, foot note, the name "W. A. Stoner" should be omitted. Pag-e 130, line 14, for "Norton's" read "Newton's." Pag-e 130, line 38, for "William H.(Hank) Orner, of same com- pany, read "Sergeant William L. (Log-e) Farr,of Company H." Pag-e 140, line 10, for "29" read "32." Page 172, line 8, for "enfielding" read "enfilading." Page 192, in table of Casualties in Battles," etc., line'3, for "Richmond, Kentucky, August 29, 1862, wounded, 1, total, 1," read "Richmond, Kentucky, August 29, 1862, wounded, 6, total 6;" also for "Atlanta campaign, 1864, killed, 35, total, 242" read "Atlanta campaign, 1864, killed 34, total, 241;" also in total, at bottom of table, for "killed, 61, wounded, 269, total, 377," read "killed, 60, wounded, 274, total, 381." Page 214, line 16, for "Battle of Tennessee" read "Battle of Thompson's Station, Tennessee." Page 247, under "Enlisted Men of Co. A," first name under "Sergeants," for "Teviss, Charles S"read "Twiss, Charles S"; also under "Musicians," for "Hamilton, Alexander W" read "Hamilton, Alexander C"; also page 248, eleventh name, for "Greenlee, George" read "Greenlee, George W." Page 248, line 64, for "W. A. Stoner, killed at New Hope Church, Ga., May 25, 1864," read "W. A. Stoner, mustered out Sept. 19, 1864. Page 262, line 34, for "McClerkin, JohnC, Feb. 6, 1864" read "McClerkin, John, November 1, 1861." Page 273, line 35, for "Jasper H. Edwards, unaccounted for" read "Jasper Edwards, Co. A. discharged, Aug 18, 1863, disability." CONTENTS. PAGE. Chapter I.— The First Shot— Company ( Organizations 7 CHAPTER II.— Camp Morton— Regimental Organization— Regiment Or- dered to Kentucky — Camp Dick Robinson 1 .'! CHAPTER III— Battle of Wild Cat— Colonel Kniffin's Opinion of the Battle— In Camp at London 20 CHAPTER IV. —From London to Crab Orchard— Sad Experiences at Crab Orchard— Regiment Ordered to Mill Springs— Senator Johnson and General Schoepf— Drummed Out— Winter Quarters at Lexington, Kentucky 26 Chapter V.— Expedition to Cumberland Gap — Concentration of Division at Cumberland Ford— The Division Flanks the Gap and Crosses Cum- berland Mountains 35 Chapter VI.— Occupation of Cumberland Gap — Bragg's Army Enters Kentucky 44 Chapter VII.— Evacuation of Cumberland Gap— Retreat Through East- ern Kentucky to Ohio River 53 CHAPTER VIII.— Reorganization of the Army — The Culinary Depart- ment — Transportation— Slave Question 61 Chapter IX.— Brigade Ordered to Tennessee— Trip to Nashville -Situa- tion in Indiana 71 Chapter X.— Battle of Thompson's Station— Trip to Libby Prison— Bragg's Inhuman Order— Horrors of Prison Life— Lieutenant Hill's Experience— Private Harvey Baker's Experience— Who was Respon- sible for Defeat? 74 Chapter XL— Van Dorn Attacks Franklin— Hanging of Rebel Spies- Return from Captivity 96 Chapter XII.— Advance of Army toward Tullahoma— Brigade Guards Nashville and Chattanooga Railroad 101 Chapter XIII.— In Winter Quarters at Christiana— Regiment Re-enlists — A 7 eterans at Home 106 Chapter XIV.— Atlanta Campaign— Battle of Resaca— Capture of Four-gun Battery — Capture of Cassville— Battle of New Hope Church— Battle of Culp's Farm— Battle of Kennesaw Mountain — Battle of Peach Tree Creek — Third Division Retires to Chattahoochie River - Surrender of Atlanta— Valuable Auxiliaries 109 —5- Chapter XV. — Muster-out of Non- Veterans— Reorganization o. „ page. ment — Col. John Coburn's Farewell Address & Chapter XVI. —Occupation of Atlanta by Twentieth Corps— Citizen. Ordered Elsewhere and the City Fortified— Destruction of Atlanta and Preparations for an Extended Campaign 147 Chapter X VII.— March to the Sea— Milledgeville— Millen Prison— Ad- vance on Savannah — Capture of Fort McAllister and Savannah 150 Chapter XVIII. — The Army Crosses Savannah River — March Actoss the Carolinas — First View of Columbia— Capture of Cheraw — Battles of Averasboro and Bentonville 161 Chapter XIX.— Surrender of Gen. Joe Johnston— Assassination of Presi- dent Lincoln — The Bummer— Appropriate Tributes 177 Chapter XX.— On to Richmond and Washington— Libby and Other Prison Pens— The Grand Review— Colonel Dustin and the Thirty- third— Officers and Enlisted Men of the Thirty-third 183 Chapter XXI. — Muster-out of Regiment and Separation of the Soldier Boys — Recapitulation— Miles Traveled, and How, by the Thirty- third 190 Appendix. — Obituary of Col. James E. Burton, second colonel of Thirty- third Ind. Vol. — Military Organizations to which the Thirty-third Be- longed — Correspondence in regard to Reorganization of Regiment — Thirty-third Band— Fravel Military Lodge of F. and A. M., U. D.— Christian Organization — Mrs. Caroline Coburn —Lieutenants Bach- man's and Harbert's Experiences in Feeding the Army— Dug His Own Grave— Bob Cookston and the Bath— Keyes Fletcher's Disappointment — Eccentric John Clifford — How Captain John T. Freeland was Mor- tified—Tribute to Harrison Matthews— Adjutant Durham as a Scout — Sergt. W. J. Knox's First Capture — Intelligent Contraband — Ver- dant Tennesseeans — Misfortune of Private James E. Toner — Bumble Bees vs. the Thirty-third — Bob McConnel and the Pig — Lieutenant- Colonel Henderson's Chickens— Blue and Gray— The American Army Must be Fed — The Noisiest Man in the Army — Strange, but True — Courtship of J. H. — Lieutenant McKnight and the Applejack — Babe Cunningham's Fox — Exchange of Courtesies— Trying Conclusions with a Dog — A Close Call— Harry Lyon and the Sharpshooter— Bloom Mitchell and the Hog — Levi Levering and the Stump-Hole — A Strange Suicide — How General Ward was Angered— Surgeon Bence's Mule — General Logan's Reception — Singular Afflictions— Gambling — Gold and Greenbacks— Roster of Officers and Enlisted Men 195 CHAPTKR I. THE FIKST SHOT. The attack on Fort Sumter and the Flag on the L9th daj of April, L861, was the response of the Southern States to the election and inauguration of Abraham Lincoln as President of the United States. This overt act was not committed in haste, bu1 had been in contem- plation for many years. Public sentiment for a considerable time had been undermining the slave power and its perpetuation could only be maintained, the soul hern politicians thought, by the establishment of a separate government, with the institution of slavery as its con stone and fundamental principle. Previous to that time students of current political events felt thai a conflict was inevitable and many of them did all things possibL avert the danger. President Lincoln made every effort consistent with the law to prevent a civil war, but his prayers and promises were of no avail. However, confronted, as the President was, with this most serious problem, at a time when the munitions of war were hoarded in the arsenals and forts of the South, our ships scattered in foreign waters, and the United States treasury bankrupt, he met the issue with a determination and zeal that left no doubt, in the minds of all loyal people, that the Union of the States w r ould be maintained at all hazards — at whatever cost. Armed resistance to the Federal Government had to be met with like resistance, and friends of the Union were called upon to organize into an army, and responses to the President's proclamations for troops were most gratifying. The martial spirit was uppermost throughout all the North and enthusiasm and determination characterized every demonstration. The first call was filled with alacrity, and so were the second and third calls. Unbounded enthusiasm prevailed everywhere, and for the time being the only themes for discussion and serious consideration were the assault upon the Flag and the secession of the slave States. In Morgan county this patriotic spirit was no less manifest than in other sections of Indiana and the country. When Company K of the Seventh Indiana Infantry" Regiment returned to Martinsville, after its ninety days of service in West Virginia, the citizens turned out to receive it. Across Main street was hung a banner emblazoned with the words "Welcome to the Brave." Such an ovation was never surpassed before in enthusiasm in the county. As the boys marched down the -7- 8 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD street, the multitude enveloped them on every side and shouts of "welcome" rent the air, and from the noisy, patriotic throng could be heard the commanding voice of Aquilla Wigginton, the marshal of the day, "Stand hack and give the brave boys air!" It was a great day and the starting-point of enlistments generally throughout Morgan county. W. J. Mauker, Charles Da)', Andrew T. Wellman, Charles Sealon, James E. Burton, Jeff K. Scott, John E. Fesler, Peter Fesler, Adam Hess, and Thomas Grinstead began the enrollment of volunteers under the call for three years, and such men as Judge A. S. Griggs, Dr. Jarvis J. Johnson, F. P. A. Phelps, Hon. 0. R. Dougherty, Rev. P. M. Blankenship, Jackson Eeoord, Eev. W. C. Smith, Hon. P. S. ("Shell") Parks, Hon. E. A. Olleman, Rev. Noah J. Major, W. E. Harrison, John D. Carter, Samuel K. Harryman, Cyrus Wetzel, John W. Ferguson, Robert McCracken, William E. Car- ter, James B. Hinkle, Joseph W. Rhea, Allen R. Seaton, Michael Pruitt, and others, from every rostrum in the county, advocated the cause of the Union, and these men were ardently seconded by the "Morgan County Gazette," under the patriotic management of Edwin W. Callis. COMPANY ORGANIZATIONS. Three of the companies thus raised were assigned to the Thirty- third Indiana Infantry and designated as A, C, and H, and following are brief sketches of their organization, together with sketches of other companies composing the regiment, Company A. — This company was recruited by A. T. Wellman in July and August, 1861, and went into camp at Indianapolis about the 1st day of September. The organization grew out of a home-guard company that had been organized at Hall, in Morgan county, during the early part of the summer. Most of the men were from Gregg, Jefferson, Ashland, ami Adams townships, with a few from Monroe. After the company was fully recruited it marched through to Indian- apolis and went into camp. In a few days thereafter a complete organ- ization was effected by the election of commissioned officers — Andrew T. Wellman, captain; Charles Seaton, first lieutenant, and Henry E. Flook, second lieutenant. The company numbered one hundred and one men including officers. Company C. — This company was recruited for three years from the young men of the best homes in Morgan county — one-tenth of them being Quakers. Their upright, moral, and religious training had not been neglected, and their enlistments were purely from principle and a desire to see a great national wrong corrected, which accounts for I Mil \\ A You vri'.Ki: [NFANTRY. 9 their perseverance and good soldierly conduct in the service, and for the large percentage of re-enlistments as veterans. The company was named the "Lyon Guards/' and was mustered into the service at rndianapolis to date from Augusl 25, L861. As a recruiting center, Morgan county always stood well, and Company C was kepi full by volunteers, and frequently these recruits came m excess of the com- pany's demands and had to be placed in olhcr companies Less fortu- nate. The following officers were elected: \V. J. Manker, captain; Charles Day, first lieutenant, and William J. Day, second lieutenant. When the regiment was organized, Captain Manker was made major; Charles Day, captain, William .1. Day, first lieutenant, and Andrew J. Cox, second lieutenant. The company numbered one hundred men including officers. Company EL — About the 10th of August, 1861, James E. Burton and Lawson E. McKinney, leading citizens of Morgan county, started the enlistment of a company under the call for 300,000 men. The canvass was conducted with enthusiasm in Baker, Ray, and Jefferson townships under the inspiring influences of patriotic speeches, as well as the stirring music furnished by the Fox-worthy Brothers' Drum Corps. By the 22d of the same month the company was ready for organization, and on the 23d took up quarters at Indianapolis, and on September 2d was mustered into the United States service. The men had enlisted for three years, but some took exceptions to the "during the war*" clause and declined to enter the service, but finally rejoined the company when assured that they would not be required to serve more than three years. On the same day of the muster-in the organ- ization of the company was completed by the election of James E. Burton, captain; Lawson K McKinney, first lieutenant; Jefferson C. Farr, 'second lieutenant, and Andrew J. Whitesett, orderly sergeant. The company then went to ("amp Sullivan, and numbered eighty-one men including officers. Company B. — This company was recruited, in Knox county, with the exception of eight men who were drawn from Martin and recruited by Dr. Delamater, with a view to forming a company, and in the failure of which they joined Company B at Indianapolis. The entire com- pany was composed of the sons of farmers, and all were American-born but one. Be v. J. L. Irwin, a Baptist minister, was a member of tin's company, and was afterward made chaplain of the regiment. The company was finally organized by the election of the following officers: John T. Freeland, captain; Andrew Fullerton, first lieutenant, and Eli Adams, second lieutenant. The company had one hundred and three men including officers. 10 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Company .1). — About the middle of August, 1861, Ed. T. McCrea, John C. .Maze, and \Y. H. Miller determined to organize a company for active service in the field. One hundred men, brave and true, soon volunteered their services. The company was organized August 22, 1861, near Smithland, Shelby county, and designated "Dumont Guards" by il^ 1 elei i i < > 1 1 of all the officers — Ed. T. McCrea. captain; John C. Maze, first lieutenant, and William II. Miller, second lieuten- ant. Tbc company arrived at Camp Morton August 28, 1861, and was at once mustered into the service by Maj. Thomas J. Wood. The company numbered one hundred men including officers. Company E. — About the middle of the summer of 1861 Dr. Eli Whittaker, William A. Whitson, and James N. Hill commenced to raise a company. In a short time a full company was recruited and went into rendezvous at Camp Morton. Almost the entire company was raised in Owen county, though on the muster-rolls it appeared as having enlisted at Indianapolis. Before the company was mustered in Major Wood, the mustering officer, gave the men to understand that they were mustered in for "during the war." The boys having en- listed for three years, about sixty of them, with Dr. Whittaker, with- drew. Xexl morning Governor Morton informed the remaining forty 1 hat Major Wood was mistaken, and that the terms of their enlistments would be faithfully executed. Dr. Whittaker having declined further service, there remained no one in the company who cared to assume the responsibilities of a commanding officer, which circumstance, doubtless, did not have a parallel in the annals of the war. For a time it was feared that the company would disband, but -while in this con- dition Isaac C. Hendricks, of Indianapolis, who had been an orderly sergeant in the Eleventh Indiana Infantry, made certain overtures under the promise that he be declared captain. The proposition was accepted, and the company was organized by the election of Isaac C. Hendricks, captain; William A. Whitson, first lieutenant, and James N. Hill second lieutenant. The company numbered seventy-two men including officers. Company F. — This company was organized at Princeton, Gibson county, on July 19, 1861, and went into camp in the fair grounds. After remaining there about ten days, long enough to receive the attention of their friends, the company was ordered to Indianapolis, where it occupied quarters in Camp Morton. The routine of camp life was unbroken, except when it became necessary for the company to protect itself against the encroachments of some of the Twenty- seventh Indiana Infantry. The men had to do guard duty without guns, and, instead, were supplied with clubs. On one occasion a INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 11 Twenty-seventh boy got into Company F's territory, contrary to tlie rules, and defied the guard, who quickly clubbed him into submission. From thai time on, like Selkirk, "their rights there was no one to dis- pute." The company was soon sworn into the service, then trans- ferred to Camp Sullivan, where i1 joined its forces with those of other companies which made up the Thirty-third Indiana. The company was organized with the following officers: dames M. Henderson, captain: Burr H. Polk, first Lieutenant, and Joseph T. Fleming, second lieutenant. Upon the organization of the regiment Captain Hender- son was commissioned lieutenant-colonel, and Burr IT. Polk was elected captain. Joseph T. Fleming, first lieutenant, and Francis Bronson second-lieutenant. The company numbered one hundred and three men including officers. Company G. — This company was raised at Columbus, Bartholomew county, during the month of August. 1861, by Israel I '. Dille, who at that time was publishing a newspaper, and who had seen service in the Mexican war. He was chosen captain. William Farrell, born in Dublin, Ireland, and a carriage-maker by trade, was chosen first lieu- tenant. Pliny McKnight, born in Pennsylvania, an honest and con- scientious man, was chosen second lieutenant. W. II. Boone, first sergeant, was an efficient drill master. Isaac J. Belts, second sergeant, belonged to a fighting family — several of whom were in the army. Samuel D. Hellman, third sergeant, was unflinching in his convictions, and from the rectitude of his intentions the thunders of the cannon could not move him. George Nokes was fourth sergeant, and James Hughes was fifth sergeant. The other non-commissioned officers were: First corporal, Thomas Williamson; second, John Deegan; third, James Mahan; fourth, Charles Pearce; fifth, Frederick Newman; sixth, Augustine J. Horton; seventh, Kobert B. Craig, and eighth, Charles Jones. The company numbered ninety-four men including officers. Company I.— This company was organized at Hope, Bartholomew county, during July, 1861. Most of the members were residents of the town of Hope and vicinity, about six men from Hartsville, same county, two from Decatur county, and three from Jennings county. About July 23, 1861, the company was organized under the name of "Hope Guards," and the following officers were elected: W. A. W. Hauser, captain ; George L. Scott, first lieutenant, and Edwin I. Bach- man, second lieutenant, all of the town of Hope, and Jesse L. Crisler, of Hartsville, orderly sergeant. The company went into camp at Camp Morton July 28, 1861, but were not mustered into the service until August 23, 1861, numbering ninety-seven privates and non-commis- 12 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD sioned officers. On September 6, 1861, the company was assigned to the Thirty-third Indiana. Company K. — This company was organized at Williamsport, War- ren county, by election of Levin T. Miller, captain; John P. Meder- :. &rs1 Lieutenant, and Henry C. Johnson, second lieutenant, on- the 9th day of September, 1861, and on September 10th it went to Indianapolis and was mustered into the United States service on the 12th of September. The company remained at Camp Morton till October L2th, when it was ordered to join the Thirty-third Indiana, which it did on the 15th of the same month, at Camp Coburn, in Ken- tucky, about one week before the battle of Wild Cat. The company did not receive their guns nor uniforms until they joined the regiment. The company numbered one hundred and one men including officers. These companies, when first organized, were composed chiefly of the youth of the smaller towns and the surrounding country. Most of them were Hoosiers by birth, and all but forty-two in the regiment were born in the United States. There was not a foreign-born man in Company A. Company B had one, a Norwegian; Company C, two Irishmen, two Germans, and one Scotchman; Company D, one Irish- man and one German; Company E, one Irishman and one German; Company F, one German and four Irishmen; Company G, six Irish- men and five Germans; Company H, one Irishman and three Germans; Company I, two Englishmen and six Germans, and Company K three Englishmen, one German, and two Irishmen. Nearly all of them were ideal soldiers, and a, very large percentage, although born in for- eign lands, had emigrated to this country while very young. By the 1st of September these companies, with the exception of Company K, had all concentrated at Camp Morton, Indianapolis. INDIANA VOLTJNTEEE I NKVXTKY. 13 CHAPTEE II. CAMP MORTON. Camp Morion was alive with an incongruous mass of volunteer soldiers, formerly representing almost every avocation, excepting the one in which they were now engaged. They were woefully deficient in the science of war, vol Idled with enthusiasm and with a determina- tion to excel in the pending struggle. The barracks in which the men were quartered were rudely con- structed out of rough lumber and contained upper and lower berths, open in front, and provided with plenty of straw. It did not take long for the boys to adapt themselves to the new conditions. The beds, made of straw and boards, together with the blankets furnished by Uncle Sam and those supplied by friends, tended to benefit rather than impair them physically, and the hardtack and bacon, beans and pork, mixed vegetables, coffee, etc., were devoured with as much satisfaction as the food of former days served by the skillful hand of the wife or mother. The boys soon realized that the free and easy life at their homes was vastly different from the restraints which now environed them, but they cheerfully accepted the new order of things. Each company was divided into squads or messes and placed in charge, generally, of non-commissioned officers, and, if possible, made up of old acquaintances and friends. From reveille in the morning until taps at night, daily, each soldier had to perform certain routine duties. They had to take turns in drawing rations, fetching water, and cooking the meals, and in standing guard and doing police duty about camp. From none of these could they escape, except through sickness. These duties were all necessary incidents of camp life, and had to be, and generally were cheerfully, performed. In addition to these, the drill in the manual of arms and company movements were not neglected. REGIMENTAL ORGANIZATION. ('apt, E. T. MeCrea. of Company D, received an order from Gen- eral Love, then commander of the camps at Indianapolis, to take his company to Camp Sullivan and assume charge of it and all the troops subsequentlv rendezvousing there until further orders. Captain Me- Crea designated James H. Durham, an active and energetic man, as adjutant of the camp and assistant in drilling the troops, for which duty he was admirably adapted. Immediately eight other companies reported to Captain MeCrea, when they were organized into a regi- ment. Governor Morton had already commissioned Hon. John Coburn 14 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD as colonel, which was heartily approved. The captains then met and elected the remaining field and staff officers, as follows: James M. Hen- derson, lieutenant-colonel; William J. Manker. major; James H. Dur- ham, adjutant; Dr. Joseph G. McPheeters, surgeon, and Dr. Robert F. Bence, assistant surgeon. The men were supplied at once with uniforms and all the other paraphernalia necessary to complete a soldier's outfit. Many of the muskets with which they were supplied had been recently recon- structed from the flint-lock to the percussion cap, and had a ''kicking" power that left no doubt when the load was discharged, being often attested by bruised shoulders. One end guaranteed six months- sick- ness and the other certain death. There was not a military expert in the entire organization — not a man had previously received a military education. A few relics of the Mexican Avar were enrolled, but the experiences of that contest were of no practical value, because of the change of tactics and the long stride forward in military science. Consequently their services made no distinctive impression upon the regimental organiza- tion. A few of the "three months" men had also joined the regiment, but their experiences as soldiers were so limited that even they could not be distinguished from their comrades — the "raw" recruits. They were no better fitted to assume the manifold duties incident to the camp and the inarch. There were a few militia organizations in the State in 1860, consisting, probably, of about a dozen companies, but the military training received in those organiza- tions, under existing conditions, did not have a substantial effect upon many, if any, of the new organizations, so that the regiment entered the service with its military resources undeveloped. REGIMENT ORDERED TO KENTUCKY. The border States were now the battleground, and as time passed the excitement in Kentucky increased until a clash of arms seemed imminent at any moment between the loyal and disloyal elements. The rebels, under the lead of John C. Breckinridge, Simon B. Buck- ner, and others, resolved to plunge the State into the whirlpool of secession. They held conventions, met in secret conclaves, organized and drilled companies and threatened loyal men. Buckner had been in command of the old State militia and led thousands of young men to Bowling Green, one of the rallying points for the disloyal. Breck- inridge assembled his followers at Lexington, and was on the point of seizing the arms at that place, when Colonel Bramlette, with a few hundred of his regiment — then being organized — marched to the city, INDIANA Vol. I \ Tl.l.i; INFANTRY. 15 seized the arms and carried them to his cam p. Thus the contesl \\ aged in that State during the summer of L861. Fortunately the election in the Slate resulted in favor of the Union tickei and the State was rapidly passing into Union control everywhere contrary to the expecta- tion of the Confederate authorities. About September 12, 1801. General Zollicoffer commenced the concentration of an army of rebels ai Cumberland Ford with a view to operating in central Kentucky, and on the 16th it was on the march in the direction of Lexington. This action of General Zollicoffer caused unusual activity among Union authorit ies — civil and military — throughout Kentucky, Ohio, and Indiana. Dispatches were sent at once to the Governors of Indiana and Ohio to send troops to Kentucky to repel this invasion, which was simply carrying out the suggestion so vigorously advanced on previous occasions by Governor Morton, of Indiana. The condition of affairs left no alternative. Troops had to be sent to Kentucky unprepared. The Thirty-third Indiana was probably in no better condition than any other then undergoing organization. It had one company less than the required number and the small arms were of mixed pattern. It was well uniformed, but, like all new troops, lacking in discipline and drill; but the Indianapolis Daily Journal very kindly said that it "was composed, in the main, of fine, intelligent- looking young men, as good material for soldiers as any in the world." The regiment was given timely notice of the day to go. At 11:30 o'clock a. m., on the 29th day of September, 1861, it left for the front amid cheers and waving hats and handkerchiefs by friends — tokens of earnesi patriotism and hopes of success. This was repeated at every station along the route until the regiment reached Louisville, Ken- tucky, where it arrived on the evening of the same day and took up quarters in the Boone tobacco warehouse. The Thirty-third was among the first Indiana regiments to enter the State. Troops were being rapidly concentrated there from the States lying immediately to the north of the Ohio river, and the people betrayed unusual anxiety over existing conditions. The arrival of the soldiers was the signal for the introduction into cam}) of all sorts of vendors. Men, women, and children, of all colors, with pies, cakes, and fruits of all kinds, vigorously besieged the soldiers for their patronage and were munificently rewarded. Many of the soldiers did not consider the effect that such food would have upon them and unsparingly purchased and ate everything offered. Some of this "stuff" was abominable, but that did not deter them from buying, and the result was that a large number of them became 16 EISTOET OF THE TIIIKTY-THIED suddenly sick. In the then excited condition of the public mind it did not take much material out of which to fabricate the most alarming reports of soldiers being poisoned. However vague the rumor, all that was needed was for some one to give it impetus. Newspaper corre- spondent- were usually behind the rumor, and when it had been trans- mitted to the newspapers the mischief intended was complete. These suspicions were unreasonable, and the experiences of "the boys" of the Thirty-third Indiana proved them to be such, and without any foundation whatever — that their sickness was due. principally, to their own indiscretions, but in no instance to any preconcerted plan to poison them. The Thirty-third Indiana had received orders to proceed to New Haven. Kentucky, but its destination was changed to Camp Dick Robinson, and on the morning of the 30th it started to Lexington. As the train passed through Frank fort, many of the loyal citizens extended to it a hearty welcome. The train was, for a time, derailed at this place by reason of a defective track, but the accident was soon remedied and the regiment proceeded on its way. The regiment reached Lexington on the night of October 1 and slept in the depot, and the next day renewed its journey on the cars to Nicholasville, the terminus of the railroad, where the regiment had its first experience in sleeping in the open air. The terminus of the railroad meant the introduction of the regiment to an entirely new phase of army life. To reach the objective point — the ''front" — the men would now have to inarch. The luxury of being transported by railroad trains was now a thing of the past. More than ever, the men realized that actual military service was far different from the duties that had devolved upon them at Gamps Morton and Sullivan. Their guns and accouterments, together with knapsacks and eon tents, never looked so large and heavy as now. The more they contemplated their possessions their magnitude seemed to increase, an inventory of which recalled about the following list of property, with approximated weights: Note.— By order of the War Department, dated May 28, 1861, so much of the State of Kentucky as lay within one hundred miles of the Ohio river was constituted as the Department of Kentucky, and Gen. Robert Anderson was placed in command. Again, August 25, 1861, the Depart- ment was reorganized and designated the Department of the Cumberland, and embraced the States of Kentucky and Tennessee. General Anderson assuming command of it September 24, 1861, with headquarters at Louisville, Kentucky. 1NI)I\\\ \ ol.tNTKKK INFANTRY. 11 One Springfield rifled musket 10 pounds. One curt ridge box and belt 3 pounds. Forty rounds of cartridges 5 pounds. One knapsack and straps :; pounds. One blanket .' 3 pounds. One great coat 4 pounds. One .poncho '- pounds. One canteen with water 2 pounds. One haversack with rations .". pounds. One shirt, one pair of drawers, one pair of socks 2 pounds. Incidentals 3 pounds. Total 40 pounds. Or a little less than one-third the weight of the average soldier! The boys, however, were none the less enthusiastic, and they promptly fell into line at the command and marched out of camp. The weather was perfect and everything looked propitious. The men wvw eager, agile, and buoyant, for perhaps an hour, when their energies suddenly tended to a collapsed condition. Close marching order, intensity of the heat, the overwhelming dust from the turnpike, and the ever- increasing weight of the forty pound-, at once furnished them with an experience that was too difficult to overcome, if continued — the realization of all troops upon first entering the army. Further progress under such conditions was impossible, and the officers wisely relieved the men by impressing into the service the teams and wagons of farmers along the line of march, yet, not unexpectedly, when the regi- ment arrived at Cam]) Dick Robinson, many were quite footsore and physically exhausted. CAMP DICK ROBINSON. Camp Dick Robinson was reached at the dose of the second day's march.. This camp was situated about midway between Cincinnati and Cumberland Gap, twenty-seven miles south from Lexington and eight miles east from Danville, on the farm of Capt. Dick Robinson, an uncompromising Union man. and a very popular citizen of Ken- tucky. This camp* was not only a rendezvous for the troops from Ohio and Indiana that were being rapidly collected in central Ken- tucky, but many loyal people of Kentucky and East Tennessee had *By an order issued from the War Department on July 1, 1801, Lieut. William Nelson, U. S. N., and a native of Kentucky, was designated to per- form the special duty of reorganizing regiments in Southeastern Ken- tucky, and Camp Dick Robinson was made the rendezvous of these troops. On September 10, 1861, he was superseded by Brig. -Gen. George H. Thomas, by order of General Anderson. (2) 18 BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD concentrated there and were being organized into regiments with a view oi oot only holding the Blue Grass region, but also of making it the starting point in a contemplated movement toward East Ten- nessee. Colone] Coburn, upon his arrival with his regiment, reported to Gen. George H. Thomas. About the same time there also arrived the Fourteenth, Seventeenth, Thirty-first, and Thirty-eighth Ohio regi- ments of infantry, and Wolford's Kentucky regiment of cavalry, Bramlett's and Pry's regiments of Kentucky infantry, and the Third Kentucky infantry, commanded by Col. Theophilus Garrard. Advancing years and failing health caused General Anderson to relinquish command of the Department, October 8, 1861, and he was succeeded by Brig. -Gen. W. T. Sherman. Upon taking command Sherman found the condition of things at Camp Dick Robinson almost pandemonium itself — everything being in a raw, unorganized, and ineffective state. There was no money, no clothing, no arms, no trans- portation. The Thirty-third Indiana was the only regiment having transportation, being supplied with twenty-seven wagons, among them seven loaded with ammunition. General Sherman was so disheartened at the existing conditions that he wrote to General Ward. "We are moving heaven and earth to get arms, clothing, and money necessary in Kentucky, but McClellan and Fremont have made such heavy drafts that the supply is scant." At this time there were probably 10,000 troops at this camp, a number which was thought by some to be enough to suppress the rebellion within a few months. Insufficient, as it proved to be, yet the demands for troops at various points in Kentucky were so great and persistent that it was no wonder that Sherman was again impelled to write somewhat discouragingly to Hon. Garrett Davis, "It would take 300,000 men to fill half the calls." Out of tins statement, or a similar one, grew the extravagant sug- gestion that he was insane. Sherman, there seems to be no doubt, more than any other man. correctly realized the vast magnitude of the war; but it soon dawned upon the minds of all thinking persons that the undertaking was not a "holiday affair," as at h'rst supposed. Itow- .ever, the promoters of the contest "budded better than they knew." Subsequent results proved the wisdom of the prolongation of the war, however great the sacrifice of blood and treasure, in that it forever abolished human slavery; and that it at once established the glorious prestige and strength of the United States of America; and of fully testing the endurance and valor of the American soldier, both North and South: lasting long enough to enforce a respectful feeling — a feel- INDIANA VOLTJNTEEB IM'WTKY. 19 ing of admiration for each other between the two section- thai lias now, ii is hoped, cemented a friendship between them that will not again lie shaken in I he coming years. While ai Camp Dick Robinson, the regiraeni first experienced the absurdities produced by a false alarm, which was purposely conceived to test the efficiency of both officers and men — a trial usually imposed upon new troops. 'Taps had been beaten, lights put out, and the men had retired for the night, Leaving their wearing apparel and guns and accouterments scattered promiscuously about their tents, when the alarm was given. 'The "long roll" never sounded as loud as it did then, and it only intensified the consternal ion and demoraliz it ion of the men. They rallied without organization, which was chiefly due to the demor- alized condition of some of the officers who failed to organize their companies before the formation of the regiment was attempted. When the alarm was announced as false and the camp had resumed its normal standing, the undisciplined condition of not only the men, but of some of the officers, impressed all alike. Extremely ludicrous, yet it was a most excellent, object lesson. Ever after, whether the alarm was true or false, the clothing and arms and accouterments were always placed in positions easy of access. The Thirty-third Indiana remained at Camp Dick Robinson ten days, and on the 13th of October, at the request of Colonel Coburn, marched forward to Crab Orchard, where it remaind two days, and then went two miles beyond and established Camp Coburn. Company K had not yet joined the regiment, and while at Cincin- nati, on its way. General Sherman wrote to General Thomas: I am officially notified that a detachment of recruits for the Thirty - third Indiana, Colonel Coburn, has been sent to him via Cincinnati, and the Governor asks me to send arms for them, and I can find none. * * * I can only suggest that you reduce the regiment to its number of arms by ordering the sick home. This detachment — Company K — joined the regiment at Camp Co- burn, minus uniforms and arms, and was furnished with the necessary outfit of a soldier without sending the sick home, as suggested by General Sherman. 20 BISTORT OF THE THIBTY-THIED CHAPTER III. BATTLE OF WILD CAT. Colonel Garrard was stationed at Camp Wild Cat. about twenty-two miles southeast of Crab Orchard, with his regiment, the Third Ken- tucky Infantry, afterward the Seventh Kentucky. The approach of the enemy, under Genera] Zollicoffer, formerly a member of Congress from Tennessee, from the direction of Cumberland Gap, made it necessary for Garrard to call upon Colonel Coburn for assistance. Without delay Coburn, with a detachment of forty men from his own regiment, made a midnight ride to Rockcastle river, where he met Colonel Garrard who informed him more fully of the facts. Fully realizing the situation and the importance of holding that position. Colonel Coburn returned at once to cam]), and on the following day. the 19th, assumed the responsibility, and without orders marched his regiment, excepting Companies TI and K, to the relief of Colonel Garrard. The wagons of the regiment at the time were at Camp Dick Robinson, after quartermaster's stores, which necessitated the impressing into service the teams of citizens. The march was made in the presence of many obstacles. The turn- pike ended at Crab Orchard, and beyond that point the road traversed a hill country and was muddy and difficult to travel. None of the streams were bridged, all of them having to be forded excepting Rock- castle river, which was provided with a rather insufficient ferry, and from which point the "road ascended and wound along the edge of, and under, the lofty castellated crags which had given their name to the river and county.*" _^ On the evening id' October 20th, there were at Wild Cat ( three) regi- v ments, the Third (Seventh) Kentucky. Colonel Garrard; Wolford's regiment of Kentucky cavalry, the Thirty-third Indiana, and the Seventeenth Ohio infantry.* That night the troops slept on their arms. Early on the following morning General Zollicoffer, with his com- mand, composed of four regiments of Tennessee infantry, one regi- ment of Mississippi infantry, three regiments of Tennessee cavalry, and Rutledge's battery of artillery, advanced upon the camp, the attack being led. by two Tennessee regiments. In great haste the / ,.• *On the 19th of October, 1861, General Albin Schoepf was assigned to command the troops in Rockcastle Hills, and on the 20th arrived after sunset and assumed command. I\ 1)1 \\ \ VOLUNTEEE 1\K LNTRY. Ml Union troops took position. Companies 1 >. I, B, ami G of thcThirty- third Indiana — three hundred and fifty men — were posted on an eminence east of I lie camp, toward which point t tie enemy was concen- trating. This detachment was soon reinforced by two hundred and fifty mien of, Wo] ford's cavalry. The attack was made by the enemy with spirit and determination, after a futile effort to make it appear that they wore Onion men, hut the well-directed aim by our men checked them ami finally drove them from the field, not. however, until after the enemy had made two distinct charges. Both attacks lasted about two hours. The rebels were poorly equipped in clothing ami arm-, they being generally armed with squirrel rifles. Private Lewi- C. MeFarren,* Company D, was killed at the first fire on the skirmish line, and was the first Union man killed in battle in Kentucky. Private William Vogler, Company I. was the second man killed. These two were the only death casualties on the field. Besides, Company I> had four wounded, and Company I had eleven wounded, f I 'iinn-' He i. ,ii ilc ;i portion of the Thirty-third on the skirmish line retired some distance to the main body, leaving behind several wounded men. Tins was spoken of. and Alvin D. May. the adjutant's clerk, volunteered in go out and bring in the wounded, and asked for aid, which was given. Colonel Coburn said he would not order them to go, as in the hasty firing that might occur there was no safety between the lines of battle. May insisted on going and several men Avent with him. They soon returned, bringing in every wounded man. Every one felt that this was a very noble ami gallant deed, and the Colonel has since spoken of it as on the lofty plane of Chinese Gordon's con- *During this engagement an incident transpired that is worthy of men- tion, and the hero's name should be placed among those who deserve well of their country. The father of Sergt. William Chandler, of Company D, arrived at Camp Wild Cat the evening before the battle, simply as a citizen and a visitor to his son. When the regiment moved out to battle the next day, the father was told to remain in camp and watch things. He did not, however, but followed Company D. When Lewis G. McFerran fell dead from the enemy's first volley, Father Chandler grasped the gun and used it continuously and effectively throughout the entire engagement. tCompany D— Killed: Private Lewis G. McFerran. Wounded: Will- iam Chandler, Privates David McConnell, Lackey Conliu, and Jeriah Collins. Company I.— Killed: Private William Vogler. Died of Wounds: Pri- vate Amos Reese. Wounded: Captain W. A. W. Hauser, Privates Warner Brewer, Matthew W. Eastman, George Miller, Robert Miller, Bedford McKinney, Henry Rothrock, Edward Sanders, Franklin Sink, and Simon B. Shore. 22 BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD duct when he went out between the hostile lines and brought in a wounded man who might have fallen into the hands of a cruel and barbarous foe. About the close of the engagement four companies of the Seven- teenth Ohio infantry reached the crest of the hill and formed in line of battle. Companies A, B, C, and F, Thirty-third Indiana, were stationed on the extreme right, in anticipation of an attack upon that flank, and held the position until the next morning. After the enemy had been driven from the field, the Fourteenth and Thirty-eighth Ohio, and several Tennessee regiments, after a diffi- cult march, reached the camp. A section of the battery of Captain Stannard also reported under orders from General Schoepf in the evening, and at night fired some shots into the camp of Zollicoffer. Colonel Coburn and his regiment deservedly received great praise for the part they took in the engagement.* The promptness with which the regiment took its position on the right and left and the bravery displayed in their first battle received the applause of the commanding general and the several regimental organizations, and in the formation of the Department of the Ohio, on November 30, 1861, a month later, the Thirty-third Indiana was designated the first regi- ment of the first division of that army in honor of what it had done. The numbers engaged, together with the casualties, were small, but the victory was nevertheless complete, preventing, as it did, General Zollicoffer entering and probably wintering in the Blue Grass region and establishing a nucleus about which would have been formed an army of disloyal Kentuckians. The victory gave renewed encouragement to the Union men of Kentucky, which was very much needed at that time. This was the first battle of the Army of the Ohio, which afterward became the Army of the Cumberland, and, strange to relate, there seem to be but few writers on the subject of the war in Kentucky who know that there was such a battle and of its importance, they invariably ignoring it altogether and asserting that the first 'battle fought in Kentucky was either at Mill Springs or at Fort Donelson. It is either through ignorance or a well-defined purpose to bestow honors where they do not belong. *"W. D. B.," correspondent of the Cincinnati Commercial, in speaking of the battle of Wild Cat, paid Colonel Coburn and his i-egiment this compliment: "The chief credit of the fight belongs to Colonel Coburn and four companies of the Thirty-third Indiana, their officers, and Adju- tant Durham. The Seventeenth Ohio did important service, and would have fought gallantly had the Hoosiers not whipped the rebels before the Buckeyes got a fair show." INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. - 23 KNIFFIN'S OPINION OP THE BATTLE. Col. George C. Kniffin, Historian of the Society of the Army of the Cumberland, has kindly furnished the writer with the following analysis of the battle and results. He says: In response to your Inquiry what effect in my opinion the repulse of Zollicoffer at Wild Cat Mountain in October, 1861, had upon the formation of public sentiment in Kentucky my answer is that it saved to the Union many thousand of soldiers. Its effect cam best be estimated by consider- ing the result of a victory at that place, followed by the triumphal march of the Confederates via Richmond to Lexington, Kentucky, and the speedy occupation of the Blue Grass region. General Zollicoffer had many of the qualities requisite in a great mili- tary commander. His assignment by the Confederate authorities to the command of the Department of East Tennessee had been with a view to his eminent fitness for military governor of a territory peopled by men of strong Union sentiments, as well as by those whose sympathies were with the young Confederacy. Political animosity had ripened into deadly hatred, a.nd the first duty of the new commander was to quell the spirit of murder and rapine that was rampant in the land. Thus he did much to accomplish by the simple process of issuing a proclamation inviting all who really desired to risk their lives for Southern independence to enlist under the Confederate flag. Thenceforward neighborhoods were more orderly because turbulent secessionists were confined to camps of instruction, and Union men, seeing no hope of rescue, made their way across the mountains in Kentucky, where they were organized into regi- ments under command of Brig.-Gen. Samuel P. Carter. General Zollicoffer had in mind the occupancy of Central Kentucky when he advanced from Cumberland Gap, and it is not difficult to compre- hend the vast danger. He had been led to believe that the small force under the command of Brig.-Gen. George H. Thomas at Camp Dick Robinson could offer no serious resistance to his movement upon Lexing- ton. This force consisted of the Third, Fourth and Seventh Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, Captain Hewitt's battery of light artillery, and Colonel Wolford's regiment of cavalry, all raw recruits, poorly armed, and with insufficient clothing and transportation. In the matter of drill and soldierly training they were probably equal to their antagonists. General Thomas fully appreciated the gravity of the situation. He had no confidence in the loyalty of the people in the Blue Grass region in his rear. The rich slaveholders were Southern sympathizers, and to move his small force away from his camp and base of supplies into the mountains, without sufficient supplies and transportation, would have been to invite its capture by the rebels in his rear. He accordingly sent me with a requisition upon Brig.-Gen. O. M. Mitchell, in command at Cincinnati, for four regiments of infantry. These were promptly fur- nished, and consisted of the Thirty-third Indiana, Col. John Coburn; Thirty-first Ohio, Col. M. B. Walker; Seventeenth Ohio. Colonel Connel; Thirty-eighth Ohio, Colonel Bradley, and Twenty-first Ohio, Colonel Nor- ton, and batteries of artillery under Major Lawrence. On their arrival 2 1 II istoi; V OK THE 'I'll I KTY-TII I RD at Oamp Dick Robinson the Thirty-third Indiana was found to be the only regiment supplied with wagons and it was at once hurried to the front. Colonel Garrard, in command of the Seventh Kentucky Infantry, and a battalion of Wolford's Kentucky Cavalry had taken a position across the narrow mountain road in Rockcastle bills at Wild Cat and bravely contested the passage of the rebel army. It was here that the Thirty-third Indiana and the Seventh Kentucky received their first baptism of blood. The abandonment of his expedition was a severe shock to Zollicoffer, whose dreams of the occupancy of Central Kentucky were rudely shat- tered. Gone and dispelled was the fond illusion that one Southerner was equal to five Yankees, but the lesson had to be repeated to them three months later at Mill Springs, where those who were not killed or drowned in the Cumberland river lost all stomach for fighting. 1 have always believed that if Zollicoffer had had an uninterrupted march into Central Kentucky, and had been permitted to establish head- quarters at Lexington and form a military government, thousands of Kentuckians, who never took any part in the war, would have flocked to his standard. The wisdom of President Lincoln in commissioning Commissary-Gen- eral William Nelson to organize a military force of Kentuckians on the soil of Kentucky, which developed into the military force at Camp Dick Robinson, under the masterly command of General Thomas, was apparent. To him single regiments from Northern States could report in an emer- gency, such as that I have mentioned. A very different thing from an expedition starting from Cincinnati, over a railroad likely to be destroyed in their front, and on reaching the end of the route at Nicholasville marching over unknown ground to meet the enemy. Long before this could have been accomplished Zollicoffer would have rea'ched his objec- tive point, and Kentuckians, maddened by the invasion of the State by Northern troops, would have added thousands to his ranks. Kentucky wrould have been the battle ground for many months, and the history of the war completely changed. IN CAMP AT LONDON. On the 2:hl of October Companies H and K rejoined the regimeuk which remained at Camp Wild Cat until October 26. when it moved south to Gamp Connel, where it remained till the 30th. The regiment then advanced with the army to London, ami finally settled down at Camp Calvert, on the heights west ol' London. On the 10th of November orders were issued to build cabins, and details ol men from the regiment were engaged in cutting down trees and hewing logs for that purpose. Everything looked as though the troops were going into winter quarters, and the defenseless condition of the camp made it necessary to erect breastworks and otherwise improve it. Posting pickets was more a matter of form, more for educational purposes than anything else until now, and the orders were very strict. Indiana VOLTTNTEEB i\r v\ i m . Genera] Schoepf exercised a rigid surveillance, but at no time found a flagranl violation of his orders by any of the sentinels or the outposts. At one time, thinking the pickets were n<>( as vigilant as they should be, lir took it. upon himself to make a persona] investigation. It so happened thai the 6rs1 picket he met. was Private .lames Holley, of Company II. Between the two was a creek ami a patch of briars and thorns. Bolley challenged the general, "Who comes there?" "I am General Schoepf," was the reply. "I di ti'1 care who you are/' said Holley. "Get down off that horse, approach, and give the counter- sign," at the same time cocking his gun. The boys will remember what a noise those old guns made in the stillness of the night. The genera] was compelled to pass through the briars and wade the creek, lie gave the countersign and told Holley that if he would give him the proper direction, he guessed he w r ould go back to camp. At. this point all sorts of rumors of the advance of the enemy were kept, in circulation tiil it was believed that an attack was imminent at an\ moment. Ail the approaches from the south were picketed in force. It was a. new departure to many of the men, and they engaged in it with the utmost gravity, and the silence, together with the impenetrable gloom of the night, seemed rather to increase the solem- nity. Should any one cause a twig to crack or a leaf to rustle a nervous thrill Would shock the sentinel's entire system, sounding, as it did to him, loud enough to awaken the Confederacy. Indeed, one night one of the soldiers abstained from the use of tobacco, as he said, because he was afraid the enemy would hear him spit! The suspense of the night would only disappear with the approaching dawn; but all this trepidation vanished. In fact, the men got so that they seemed to rather enjoy the excitement incident to the skirmish line and picket- post. 26 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTER IV. FROM LONDON TO CRAB ORCHARD. Under the leadership of such men as Andrew Johnson. Horace May- nard, and Parson Brownlow the Union men of East Tennessee ware most untiring and determined in their efforts to he relieved from the dominion of the Confederacy. With them the question of prepara- tion for such a movement, or the ahility of the Government to make a successful campaign in that direction, did not seem to have been a part of the proposition. They had settled on immediate relief. That was enough for them. If the Federal authorities ever promised them immediate relief, it is evident that the matter was not well considered, if ever seriously. However, like many other propositions at the begin- ning of the war, visionary notions may have controlled the actions and promises of the men at the head of this movement. It does not seem possible that those in command could have ever seriously entertained the idea of advancing beyond London or of even wintering at that point or at any point south of Rockcastle river or the Wild Cat hills without first establishing proper safeguards. In that direction the terminal point of the railroad was at jSTicholasville and that of the turnpike at Crab Orchard. London was forty miles beyond the latter place. The extreme poverty of the country south of Rockcastle river was unquestioned, and the inability of those in command to secure supplies from the North, from lack of transportation facilities, bad roads, without bridges across the numerous streams, or any substan- tial improvement, and without the necessary protection to the long line of communication, was a fact not to be gainsaid. It was because of this condition of affairs, together with the rumor that the enemy was moving on the left flank, which latter, however, proved false, that caused the order for a retrograde movement. The order to march was all right, but the time selected for executing it was all wrong, as sub- sequently shown. To advance or remain in winter quarters seemed suicidal, but the troops could not possibly have suffered much more than they did in their obedience to the following order: Headquarters, Crab Orchard, Kentucky, November 12, 1861. Brigadier-General Schoepf, Commanding Camp Calvert, London, Ky.: General— General Sberman has just despatched me that General Mc- Cook sends him word that the enemy have disappeared from Green river, and that there is a rumor that Buckner is moving in force toward Lex- ington, between us, and orders me, "if not engaged in front to withdraw INDIANA VOLUNTEEK ENFANTEY. '!', my force back to Kentucky river, and act according to the state of facts then." As soon as you receive this, break camp at London and join me here or at Nicholasville with all your troops. Hire transportation enough to bring your ammunition, and bring your camp equipage and three days' rations. Respectfully, your obedient servant, GEORGE H. THOMAS, Brig.-Gen. U. S. Vols. Thus was ordered the march from London back to Crab Orchard, which march for wretched management was not excelled during the war. resulting, as it did, in wrecked constitutions and the loss directly of many valuable lives. The order was not promulgated to the Thirty- third Indiana until 3 o'clock p. m. of the 13th. but the preparations were made with alacrity, and before the afternoon had lost itself in the darkness which followed, the regiment was ready and awaiting the order to move. It was not, however, till about 10 o'clock at night that the regiment moved out. Shortly afterward a cold, dreary rain began to fall in torrents. The road soon became almost impassable, and the mountain streams were swollen in volume to and beyond their banks. All nature seemed angry, and every conceivable object ap- parently operated against the success of the movement. The march continued all through the night, and when daylight came a most deplorable scene presented itself, which gradually as- sumed more aggravated forms. "Wagons were stuck in the mud, and the mules had given way to sheer exhaustion. There was no attempt at organization now. Owing to the difficulties of the march the different commands were broken up altogether. The men had become ex- hausted, and in a state of desperation many of them threw away their knapsacks. The Tennesseeans were especially overwhelmed with sor- row and indignation, as they had been assured that the rescue of Cum- berland Gap, as an objective point, would be pushed to an issue. They became sullen and threats of mutiny were heard in their midst. The rain continued to pour down, and the march, as applied to the men, did not end till the night of the 15th. There was no need of haste in the movement as there was no positive evidence of immediate danger. The Thirty-third Indiana, when the march began, was in rear of the entire command, and consequently the recipient of all stragglers. It reached Eockcastle river at daylight, and ow 7 ing to an insufficient ferry the south bank was lined by a confused mass of soldiers. When it was discovered that the ferry arrangements were too limited, the general officer should have restored order by separating the commands, but he did not, and probably knew nothing of the confusion at the 28 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD time. The troops were new, and for that reason, probably, they were the more unmanageable, but it is clear now that General Schoepf was iimi, equal to the emergency in failing to look after his command. The enn fused condition at the ferry increased as the day advanced. In the absence of the general in command Colonel Coburn did everything possible to restore order and to get the Thirty-third Indiana across. Sometimes it was almost a fight for the boat, which, however, by di- rection of the colonel, Captain Wellman, of Company A, took charge of and managed very well. In crossing the river the Fourteenth Ohio lost two wagon.- and contents, including about thirty thousand rounds of ammunition. The Seven teen Tli Ohio lost a wagon and twenty-six thousand rounds of ammunition. The Tennesseeans lost two wagons and contents, with three horses, and the Thirty-eighth Ohio lost one wagon. The loss of this property to the army at that time was no inconsiderable amount, but how insignificant it appears when compared with the unnecessary loss of so many human lives. Less than two months in the army and five or six regiments of stalwart men almost entirely stricken down by a blunder! When, the Thirty-third Indiana, left London, one hundred and eighty-nine men were on the sick list, and contrary to the remon- strance of Colonel Coburn and Surgeon McPheeters, they were taken from the hospitals, placed in open wagons, and moved with the army. Many of the sick were unable to endure the discomforts of the march and had to be left at Mt. Vernon — some of them to die — and two days later, when Crab Orchard was reached, the sick numbered two hundred and fifty, as well as a like number in each of the Fourteenth, Seven- teenth, and Thirty-eighth Ohio regiments. Friendly citizens along the route were few, but one John Elkins, a loyal Kentuckian, who lived eight miles south of Lancaster, dis- played rare hospitality by throwing open his house and caring for about one hundred men during one night. Captain Day, of Company C, realizing the difficulties attending the march, got permission from Colonel Coburn, shortly after the move- ment began, to report his company at Crab Orchard. The company was kept well together. Instead of marching along the road, the boys took advantage of a. private trail, it being nearer and less muddy than the road. After the company crossed Eockcastle river, the first night out, it took possession of a two-story log house, which was occupied by an aged man and three young women, who supplied them with excellent corn bread and bacon. It rained all night, but the boys slept dry and warm. The next evening the company reached Crab Indian \ voi.r\Ti:i:i; i\r\vn;Y. 29 Orchard after marching l'< > ii \ miles in twelve hours. Upon reaching Crab Orchard the company lock possession of the seminary, in which the fires were still burning, and again the company had comfortable quarters for the night. The following morning the good citizens sup- plied the men with an abundance of nice bread, meat, and coffee. The company occupied the quarters the following night. The nexl day ii received orders to report to the command four miles south of Crab Orchard, where it was found to be in a deplorable condition. having been required to go into camp by order of General Thomas ami under protest of Colonel ( 'oluirn. There were in the town vacant school-houses, public buildings, and churches that, in the name of humanity, should have been utilized tor shelter to the men. That the soldiers were forbidden to occupy them and compelled to camp in the woods, exposed to a continuous downpour of rain, until the belated wagon-trains arrived, which con- tained the camp equipage and cooking-utensils, was unreasonable ami inexcusable and a needless sacrifice of physical comfort and en- durance. SAD EXPERIENCES AT CRAB ORCHARD. The rigid enforcement of the order to camp in the woods till the wagon-trains had arrived exposed the men to an incessant rain, day and night, for nearly a week. The use of fence rails for firewood was forbidden (which could not have been enforced at a later stage in the war, not even in Kentucky), and in the absence of axes the forest of trees defied the men. so that the facilities for keeping dry and warm and for cooking rations were very meager. The result of this exposure was that, in less than a month five hundred and eleven of the Thirty- third Indiana were sick and in hospitals, and of that number sixty-two died. Not a day passed, from the time of our arrival at ('rah Orchard, until the holidays, hut that the mournful notes of the "Dead March" announced the demise of one or more comrades. Within the following sixty days from the 13th clay of November, when the march began, sixty-two of the regiment had died, an average of one a day, twenty more than died from disease in the regimenl during the next two succeeding years. ISC? and 1863, and nineteen more than died during the year 1864 and the first six months of 1865. Of the total number who died as a result of this march there belonged to — Company A 4 Company F : Company B 8 Company G :t Company C 7 Company H 4 Company D 11 Company 1 3 Company E 8 Company K T 30 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD It is doubtful if there was a greater sacrifice of human lives, under similar conditions, in any like organization, during the civil war. In battle, the loss in wounded is conservatively estimated as being as much greater than the number killed as three is to one, therefore, if the regiment lost sixty-two by almost immediate death, from the cause stated, is it not a fair presumption that a greater number, thus ex- posed, were shattered in health in varying degrees? Many of those who thus went clown to death were in vigorous health when they started upon this fateful march, and who will deny that many of the five hundred and eleven, who at one time occupied the hospitals from this cause, but survived the next succeeding sixty disastrous days, carried, or are now carrying, with them through life, the seeds of dis- ease then planted, as shown by halting gait and wrecked constitution? The full measure of the awful consequences of the insane management of this march can not be computed — never will be known. These deaths were unlike those due to ordinary diseases of the camp. These sacrifices were no less great than those made in battle, and were indeed more terrible in their far-reaching consequences. Caring for the sick in the hospitals was an entirely new experience to members of the regiment, and it ft doubtful if any of them ever expected to be called upon to perform that duty, but the time had now come, and many of them were detailed for that purpose. As rapidly as the sick would show satisfactory improvement in their physical con- dition, they took the places, as nurses, of the soldiers who were able to perform camp duty. These soldiers were untrained, as nurses, but they were unceasing in their vigils by day and by night. They were as tender and sympathetic as women. Not a murmur of complaint escaped their lips. Though often worn and weary through deep anxiety and constant watching, they performed their duties faithfully and uncomplainingly. The hospitals were poorly supplied with necessary appliances, and what is known as "sanitary stores" were not to be had. The "Sanitary Commission" that made a specialty of furnishing supplies to hospitals, at a Inter period of the war, either had no existence then or was an imperfect organization and unable to meet all emergencies. Organized army nurses — such as the "Red Cross Society" — were unknown at thai early stage of the war, or, at any rate, they were not represented in the hospitals at Crab Orchard. However, there were some noble women who, through individual effort, rendered most excellent sen ice to the sick. Mrs. Henderson, wife of the lieutenant- colonel, and Mrs. Hendricks, wife of Captain Hendricks, of Company E, did most, excellent work in looking after the sick, and after the INDIANA VOU NTKI'.i; l.NFANTKY. 31 recovery of Colonel Cobura from typhoid fever, these ladies were materially assisted by Mrs. Coburn. At thai time Crab Orchard was somewhal isolated and means of communication with friends in Indiana were limited. Before this condition of affairs was fully understood the crisis had been passed, and when the sick began to convalesce, hospital stores were supplied in abundance. Several capable citizen physicians rendered valuable assistance, among whom was Dr. Jonathan «T. Wright, of Martinsville, Indiana. Miss Catharine Merrill and Miss Bettie Bates, of Indian- apolis, sacrificed the comforts and luxuries of home life thai thejj might nobly share in the Labors and responsibilities of hospital service. Miss Bates had previously gained some knowledge in military hos- pitals. The presence of all these ladies did much to cheer and encour- age the sick, and to them they were indebted for many acts of kindness. Previous to the war Crab Orchard Springs was noted as a health and pleasure resort, and to accommodate visitors a large hotel and several cottages were erected. The war caused the abandonment of all this property, which was now converted into a vast hospital for the sick of many regiments. These were soon all occupied, as well as some of the public buildings and private dwellings in the town. REGIMENT ORDERED TO MILL SPRINGS. The regiment was ordered to report to General Schoepf at Mill Springs, Kentucky, but the recent march had shorn it of its former strength, its number being greatly reduced. Company C showed the greatest number present for duty, and it formed a nucleus about which were added detachments from other companies, making an effective force of about one hundred and twenty-five men, all under command of Major Manker, assisted by Captain Day, of Company C, Lieutenant Maze, of Company T), Lieutenant McKnight, of Company G, and Lieut. W. J. Day. of Company C, the latter doing double duty as quartermaster and commissary. The regiment, as organized, started early on the morning of December 5 as an escort to a light battery and a surplus of small ammunition, which was also wanted by General Schoepf. Late at night the regiment arrived within three miles of General Schoepf s headquarters and went into camp, Major Manker reporting to the General. Upon learning the condition of the regi- ment the general accepted the guns and ammunition and then directed the major to return with his men to Crab Orchard and take care of the sick comrades. 32 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD By the 1st of January the hospitals were almost entirely deserted, and it was not necessary for the regiment to remain longer at Crab Orchard. The Thirty-third was ordered to Lexington, where it went into winter quarters, with the exception of Company G, which went into camp to guard Hickman bridge on the Kentucky river. SENATOR JOHNSON AND GENERAL SCHOEPF. Hon. Andrew Johnson, United States Senator from Tennessee, was almost constantly with the army, and while at London lie made a speech strongly urging the importance of the occupancy of East Ten- nessee by the Union army. His whole heart was centered upon such action, and, like all Tennesseeans, could see no wisdom in a retrograde movement. A few days after the army had fallen back to Crab Orchard a scene occurred between him and General Schoepf. It happened that a large crowd of soldiers and citizens were assembled in front of the principal hotel of the place. Senator Johnson re- proached General Schoepf in bitter terms for his mismanagement of the march in retreat and found fault with the abandonment of the line toward Cumberland Gap and the delivery of East Tennessee from rebel hands. Schoepf replied with some warmth and defended himself and the order of General Sherman. This brought a repetition of the charges and of a harsh criticism of the mismanagement of the whole campaign, as lacking vigor and aggressiveness. At once, with great violence, Schoepf retorted, and a loud and angry dissent, arose from the crowd, upon which General Schoepf threatened Johnson with immediate expulsion from the camp. To which Johnson replied that he was an American Senator and defied him to execute his threat, adding that he would remain in Crab Orchard as long as he chose. At this moment General Thomas came out of the hotel, passed through the crowd to Schoepf, took him by the arm, and without a word led him away into his room. Neither spoke a syllable as they retired. It was a remarkable termination of a remarkable scene. No mention was made of it in the newspapers, and Johnson remained there some time, DRUMMED OUT. At Crab Orchard the boys first witnessed the drumming out of a soldier of the regiment from the service. Bradford ]S r . Tilden had joined Company as a recruit while the regimen! was passing through Lexington. He was found guilty of robbing his comrades and the court ordered the execution of the foregoing punishment. l\|)l\\\ VOLUNTEEB [NFANTHY. 33 His head was cleanly shaved and back Labeled *"A Thief." At dress parade, with the band playing the "Rogue's March" in front of Tilden, who was closely followed by a file of soldiers at charge bayonets, he was inarched pasi the regimenl and without the limits of the camp with orders never to return again. He was never seen afterward. Subsequently, in the spring of L862, the day the regiment, left Camp Henderson, in the movement to Cumberland Gap, John Wynkoop, of Company I, was also drummed out of the service because of utter worthlessness as a soldier. These two were the only one-, drummed out of the regiment. WINTER QUARTERS AT LEXINGTON, KENTUCKY. The transfer of the Thirty-third Indiana from Crab Orchard to Lexington was a wise one in many respects. The change of surround- ings, leaving behind the hospitals and other things associated with the regiment during many weeks of gloom and despair; the removal to the very heart of the famous Blue Grass region of Kentucky, did much to accelerate the convalescence of the sick, and it was not long till their number was reduced to a minimum. The camping ground was located in a meadow on the Sutton farm. near the city, and known as "Camp Henderson." The sanitary condi- tions were superb. Pure water was abundant and furnished by a spring. The winter weather was mild and even. The ground was slightly undulating and well suited for drilling purposes. The necessity for more proficiency in the manual of arms, company movements, etc., was apparent to all, and while here the time was largely devoted to the accomplishment of that end. The several com- panies vied with each other in the effort to excel in the various move- ments, and on several occasions had competitive drills. A company was formed out of the non-commissioned officers, and under the direc- tion of Sergeant-Major Pickering became quite proficient. The relations that existed between the regiment and the citizens generally were most cordial and satisfactory. The loyal people, par- ticularly, were profuse in their attestations of admiration. The loyal ladies of the city presented the regiment with a beautiful silk flag, and on one occasion also contributed a magnificent dinner. Their hospi- tality and friendship were sincere and appreciated, and the pleasant memories of that time will not be forgotten while a Thirty-third boy lives. An effort was made to have the regiment look and act like "band box" soldiers. The regimental quartermaster had occasion to go to Louisville for supplies, and while there he was led to believe that (3) 34 1II.STOKY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD dress coats with brass epaulets, hats with feathers attached, coupled with brass ornaments, such as bugles and figures and letters, desig- nating the regiment and company, and that also a leather stock was the thing, and he forthwith issued a requisition for them. Ordinarily i In- men desired to be well equipped and have a neat appearance, but there was a suppressed feeling of indignation when they received this new uniform. Not proud of it, they became careless, and it was not long till the outfit became ludicrous. Some had lost the feather, others the figures, and still others the letters, or perhaps the bugle, sc that it became necessary to discard all the tinsel with which they were adorned. It is not certain that any of the men wore the leather stock more than once. The introduction of this paraphernalia prop- erly belonged under the head of "headquarter nonsense" and was never repeated afterward. Punishment of the men for infractions of discipline was generally light, consisting, principally, of standing them on top of barrels or boxes, or performing extra guard or police duty, but the time had now come when more rigorous punishment had to be enforced. James Downey, of Company E, an Irishman, and more generally known as "Powder Monkey," was persistent in defying the rules. He seemed to lack nearly all the essential elements of a good soldier, and had the sympathy of no one. For some misdemeanor he was "bucked and gagged," and was the only one in the regiment, who received this punishment. He subsequently deserted at Danville, Kentucky, in the winter of 1862-'63. The need of more active service began in time to show its demoral- izing influences, and it was not an infrequent thing for some of the men to disregard the rules and with impunity leave the camp and indulge in riotous living in and about Lexington. Extra duty was enforced. The guards about the cam}) were tripled in number, but. being partially composed of the law-breaking element, they encour- aged guard breaking. Fifteen to thirty days extra duty made no improvement. Patrols, with loaded guns, were sent to the city to make arrests. On one of the.se visits the climax was reached. In an attempt to arrest Fred Carney, of Company D, with others, he was accidently, but fatally, shot by his messmate and friend, William Coleman. This shot solved the perplexing problem. Insubordination ceased at once and discipline and good order again prevailed. LND] W A 70LUNTEEB IN I' Wl'KY. 35 CHAPTER V. EXPEDITION TO CUMBERLAND GAP. During the fall and winter pf L86] and 1862 the Union army in Kentucky was favored with the most gratifying success. The defeal of General Zollicoffer's army at Wild Cat and his death and the total rout of his army at, Mill Springs, together with the unprecedented victory of General Grant and his army by the capture of Forts Henry and Dohelson, practically placed the State, for the time being, in the possession of the Union forces. Kven Humphrey Marshall, who was trying to hold the mountains of Eastern Kentucky, gave up in despair, because of the apathy of the citizens of that region, affirming that "they would not enter the army on either side, and were actually terror-stricken. '" There was no formidable opposition to the cause of the Union any- where within the State, but the experiences of the contest, in general, all along the line, from the Potomac to the Mississippi river, evidenced the fact, however, that the struggle for complete supremacy had just begun, and it was deemed necessary by the Federal and Confederate authorities that both armies be reorganized. The Union army, in the Central West, was reorganized by the selection of Major-Gen era! Halleck as commander of the Department of the Mississippi, with Major-Generals Thomas, Pope, and McClernand as commanders of the right wing, left wing, and reserve, respectively, Major-General Buell retaining command of the Army of the Ohio, and Major-General Grant as second in command over all. With the opening of spring the attention of the military authorities was again directed toward East Tennessee. The abortive attempt to reach that point, during the previous fall, without the aid of a railroad or a macadamized or good dirt road, failed to impress upon the "powers that were" the importance of such valuable auxiliaries, and consequently the conditions were not changed. In the reorganization of the army Brig.-Gen. George W. Morgan, Avho had previously seen service in the Mexican war and in the regular army, was placed in command of the Seventh division* of the Army of the Ohio. *The following organizations composed the Seventh division. Army of the Ohio: Infantry.— Twenty-fourth brigade, Brig.-Gen. Samuel P. Carter, com- mander. Forty-ninth Indiana, Col. John W. Ray; Seventh Kentucky, 36 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD This division was designated to operate against Cumberland Gap, and was the last to make a forward movement. The armies under Halleck and Grant had already entered Tennessee by the way of the river of the same name, and the other divisions of Buell's army were operating in the same general direction by way of Nashville. How- ever, as early as the 1st day of April, 1862, almost the entire division had concentrated in the vicinity of Cumberland Ford, but it was not till April 11th that the Thirty-third Indiana moved out of its camp, near Lexington, for that point. The three months' sojourn at 'Lexington was beneficial to the regi- ment in all respects. The company organizations had acquired the knowledge of the manual of arms and movements in general to a degree not surpassed by other troops in the field, and the health of the men was almost perfect. They were now seasoned soldiers, well equipped to perform their share of the campaign that was to follow. With the earnestness and zeal and patriotism of true soldiers they left Camp Henderson for the front. The weather and the roads were in the most favorable condition until the regiment had reached the vicinity of Mount Vernon, about thirteen miles beyond the terminus of the turnpike, after being on the march about six days. Then the roads were so difficult of passage that it became necessary for each company to inarch with its own wagon. Oftentimes the wagons would get stuck in the mud and the men had to perform as much service as the mules in extricating them. In crossing Laurel river, many of the wagons became almost wrecked and the men carried them bodily to the opposite shore. Such was the dilapidated condition of the wagons, together with the weari- Col. Theophilus T. Garrard; First Tennessee, Col. Robert K. Byrd, and Second Tennessee, Col. James P. T. Carter. Twenty-first brigade, Brig.-Gen. James G. Spears, commanding. Third Tennessee, Col. Leonidas C. Houk; Fourth Tennessee, Col. Robert T. Johnson; Fifth Tennessee, Col. James T. Shelley, and Sixth Tennessee, Col. Joseph A. Cooper. Twenty-sixth brigade, Col. John F. DeCourcey, commanding. Twenty- second Kentucky, Col. Daniel W. Lindsey; Sixteenth Ohio, Lieut.-Col. George W. Bailey, and Forty-second Ohio, Col. Lionel A. Sheldon. Twenty-seventh brigade, Brig.-Gen. Absalom Baird, commainding. Thirty-third Indiana, Col. John Coburn; Fourteenth Kentucky, Col. John C. Cochran, and Nineteenth Kentucky, Col. William J. Landrum. Cavalry.— Sixth Kentucky Cavalry (battalion), Lieut.-Col. Reuben Munday. Artillery.— Michigan Light, Seventh, Battery, Capt. Charles H. Lain- phere. Ohio Light, Ninth, Battery, Capt. Charles Wetmore. First Wis- consin Battery, Capt. Jacob T. Foster. INDIANA VOLTJNTEEE [NFANTRT. 37 aess and exhaustion of the teams and men, that the 22d day of April was devoted to repairs generally. In respect to the condition of the roads and the amounl of rain this part of the march was similar to the one made over the same route from London to Crab Orchard during the previous fall. The most difficult part of the march was in the inhospitable and benighted Wild Cat region, where, had it not been for the constant presence of the men with the (cams, they could not have advanced. The management of the inarch, however, was conducted along as humane lines as it was possible. It was made by "easy stages," whereby the men were given ample time to cook their meals and get sufficient rest and sleep; so that when the regiment had joined the division at Cumberland Ford on April 28th, it was in as good a condition as when it commenced the march thirteen days before. Upon the arrival of the regiment at Cumberland Ford, Colonel Coburn assumed command of the Twenty-seventh brigade until re- lieved a few days later by Brig.-Gen. Absalom Baird. CONCENTRATION OF DIVISION AT CUMBERLAND FORD. Early in March live regiments of infantry, five companies of cavalry, and one field battery had concentrated at Cumberland Ford and were detained there by high waters and the difficulties of being sup- plied over a long line of poorly-constructed roads. The situation was becoming somewhat alarming. Environed as they were, the troops were threatened with devastation by sickness. The Forty-ninth Indi- ana, with an aggregate of eight hundred and ninety-five men, reported only two hundred and nineteen for duty. They could get no supplies that sick men could cat, and but little for well men. There was noth- ing within eighty miles of them, not even hay or straw to fill bed-ticks for the sick, who were compelled to sleep on the ground. The occu- pation of the Ford by General Carter's brigade and the ravages of the enemy entirely exhausted the country of all supplies for man and beast; there was no hope for them except for that which had to be transported by wagons a distance of eighty or ninety miles. The impoverished condition of the country was extreme. That the citizens, few as they were, had enough to live on would have been surprising, had it not been that they were very primitive in their habits and mode of living. The grist-mills, invariably run by water-power, were of limited capacity, not yielding breadstuffs beyond the actual needs of the people. They were the quaintest, rudest little mills, sometimes set upon four posts thrust into the ground. A rudely-con- structed dam built of boulders would give a current sufficiently strong 38 HISTOKY OF THE THIKTY-THIRD to propel a clumsily-constructed wheel; but even these were taken in charge by the army and run for its benefit by details of the soldiers who were experienced millers, but too often with poor results. The output of one of these mills was so meager that it was deemed advis- able to investigate the cause; which revealed the fact, as one of the boys solemnly stated, that the meal was consumed by a couple of squirrels as fast as it was ground! It was under these conditions that the Seventh division was con- centrated and organized at the Ford. Although the conditions were unfavorable to the successful maintenance of the army, yet General Morgan did not slacken his efforts to overcome them. Means were adopted to supply the army with fresh meat, which some of the troops had not tasted for several months, and who were threatened with scurvy. The six field guns were increased to twenty-two, four of which were Parrot siege guns, and a floating bridge was built upon the Cumber- land river. Many of the regiments were armed with guns of various calibers, and there was a scarcity of. ammunition even fo>r them; but a new distribution of arms was made. Worthless ones were replaced by effective weapons and a supply of ammunition was obtained. The immediate future did not look promising, but the general health of the troops began to improve. The morale of the army did not suffer. In due time it was in most excellent condition. With nothing to fear but an interruption to the long line of communication between the Ford and the base of supplies, which was liable to occur at any time by bad roads or raids upon it by the enemy, the army was reasonably enthusiastic and hopeful. The Seventh division had a mission to perform. Its concentration at the Ford meant an earnest effort to capture Cumberland Gap and enter East Tennessee. There was no looking backward. The officers were busy maturing plans for a forward movement. The topograph- ical engineer lost no time in taking heights, distances, etc., and recon- noissance parties were sent from time to time in the direction of the Gap to test the practicability of taking it from the north. Generals Carter's and DeCourcey's brigades made a reconnoissance with some determination, which involved a brisk skirmish, and resulting only in proving the futility of making a general assault from that direction. It was abandoned as impractical. The army did not feel altogether secure from an attack by the enemy, and the utmost vigilance was constantly observed. On the night of May 6th an attack was anticipated, and at midnight Com- panies A, D, I, and C were ordered a mile up the Cumberland river ixiii \\ \ \ oi.ixtkki; [NFANTR"5 , 39 as a support to the Ninth Ohio and First Wisconsin batteries. The night was very cold, causing much suffering among the men. The enemy did not. appear. A wide circuit of mountains had to be picketed day and night. serving as a magnificent school for t lie pickets, and this work was per formed with cheerfulness. The mountains were most picturesque and romantic. The river threaded its way silently and grandly through the mountains skirting its sides. On cither hand the precipitous cliffs towered perhaps fifteen hundred feet high, appearing in fantastic shapes, doubtless caused by some convulsion of nature in past ages. The abandonment of the intention to make a direct assault upon the Gap (if such an idea was ever seriously considered) left but one feasible plan to pursue — that of threatening it by a flank movement by the way of some of the gaps lying to the westward ; and the army was at once placed upon the best possible footing for the undertaking, that was at least hazardous, if not surrounded by extreme peril. Owing to the mountainous character of the country, it was thought, best to secure pack mules as a more suitable means of transportation, and eight hundred were secured at Louisville and driven through unloaded! This showed how awkwardly and incompetently the quar- termaster's department at that time was conducted, notwithstanding at the time they left Louisville the army had meager supplies of food, ; clothing, and ammunition. In due time the army was ordered to make an advance movement,, and on the 22d day of May the Thirty-third Indiana "struck tents" and took up the line of march in the direction of Boger's Gap, together with the Fourteenth and Nineteenth Kentucky and sixteen pieces of artillery, and after marching five miles went into camp. Not being able to find level ground enough on which to "pitch tents," or "whip a dog," as one of the boys facetiously remarked, the regiment went into bivouac. On the following day the enemy resisted further ad- vance, and after some skirmishing the brigade was ordered to return again to its old camp at the Ford.* THE DIVISION CROSSES CUMBERLAND MOUNTAINS. On June 5 the Thirty-third again received marching orders, but did not break camp till the 8th, and it was not till after three days of severe marching and labor that it succeeded in reaching the north side ♦General Morgan, in a letter to General Buell, about this time, in commenting upon the worth of his troops, said: "The Thirty-third Indi- ana, commanded by Colonel Coburn, is one of the best regiments in my division, and in no small degree is this attributed to its colonel." 40 history 01 THE THIRTY-THIRD of Roger's Gap, a distance of thirty-two miles, the character of the country making it necessary for the men to assist in moving the wagons. Two miles of new road had to be constructed, besides cutting- out six miles of blockade. On the 11th the regiment crossed the line into Tennessee. The distance from the base on the north side of Roger's Gap to the base on the south side was seven miles, three miles of which were blockaded. After the fallen trees and other debris were removed, the Thirty-third, with the army, at sunset, commenced the passage over the mountain. The ascent seemed almost impossible. Everything was left behind but articles of absolute necessity, and the men put their shoulders to the wagons and artillery to assist them over the mountain. In this work the men of the Thirty-third did a herculean task and with commendable cheerfulness and activity. The movement was begun at sunset and before morning the army was over the mountain and in Powell's Valley. As the toil-worn troops gained the top of the moun- tain, the full moon shone down on the silent but moving masses; but upon making the descent went into total eclipse, thereby causing the movement to be made with the greatest difficulty. The following extracts from the report of Captain Foster, chief of artillery, vividly describes the difficulties of the passage: * * * Preparations were made as extensively as possible in this part of the country, where it was very difficult to find machinery of any kind, and doubly difficult for the movement of a heavy train and ord- nance connected with a siege battery of Parrot rifled gun's. Machinery for the movement of this battery over steep ascents and descents con- sisted of about eight hundred feet of one-inch rope, one hundred feet of one and one-half inch rope, three large and two small snatch-blocks, one double and one single tackle-block. This was all the tackle of any kind that could be obtained in time to be of any use to move without hindrance to the forces of this division. To move this battery to a distance of forty miles over the Cumberland mountains and over roads considered impas- sable by the enemy for light artillery seemed a herculean task, which tne heart would almost shirk from undertaking, for many of the ascents would form an angle of thirty degrees, with a horizontal plane, and this to be overcome, knowing that we were in many instances to make a corresponding descent. * * * Two hundred men from the infantry were detailed to assist in overcoming the steep ascents and descents, which was to be done by ropes and pulleys. The ropes and pulleys were in constant use and readiness, and the men were obliged to be constantly on the alert, for the ascents were not only steep, but along sideling places, where, were the gun-carriages once overturned, they would have fallen over precipitous rocks varying in height from 100 to 500 feet. In many instances were the turns in the road more than at right angles, and this up steep sideling ascents, rendering it almost impossible to turn IN ; hi \\ A VOLUNTEEE IN I'ANTKV. 41 with teams. At many times was the whole force, both of men and horses, used upon the same rope. On arriving at the top of the Cumberland mountains the men and horses seemed nearly exhausted, many of the latter being entirely broken down, and will be worthless hereafter. Both men and horses had been upon short rations and forage, and it was im- possible for subsistence and forage trains to follow close upon the troops over such terribly rugged roads. Many of my command have been over the overland route to California, and all concede there was nothing io compare with these steep ascents and il< seents on the route. * * * The thirty-pounder guns being so heavy, weighing 8,000 pounds, were left ;it the top of the mountain, as the descent was too difficult to think for one moment of moving them down in the .night. The twenty-pounders, being more nearly allied to light artillery, were moved down the mountain into Powell's Valley during the night, but not without difficulty, for, in many instances, would they have been whirled down the rocks but for the constant care and tugging at the ropes by all the men we had. * * * This was the most difficult part of the mountain to overcome that we had encountered. The road was winding, narrow, very stony, and steep, and all the entire descent very sideling, so much so that we were con- stantly in imminent clanger of being precipitated down the almost per- pendicular banks over jagged rocks for several hundred feet, in which ease it would have been sure death to man or beast. The army was now in the famed Powell's Valley of -East Tennessee, the Promised Land, brimful of great expectations! The nearness of the enemy and other incidents deprived the men of a much-needed rest. When morning came, the regiment, with the brigade, moved into the valley to feel of the enemy, but he had disappeared. During this movement the army succeeded in capturing a large number of cat- tle and returned to camp about noon. In the meantime General Morgan had received a suggestion from Genera! Buell to be cautious, when he (Morgan) ordered the division to retire to the north side of the mountain and take position at Williamsburg, Kentucky, because it was considered "a most excellent place for offensive and defensive operations," and the army at once comme'nced the return trip, and arrived at the base on the north side in the evening. On the following day, June 13, the troops marched twelve miles into Kentucky with the exception of DeCourcey's brigade, which remained in Powell's Valley to cover the movement. About the time DeCourcey's brigade had begun the march he was informed, by a Tennessee Unionist, that the enemy was leaving Cumberland Gap. This information was dispatched to General Morgan at once, when on the 14th, Sunday, pursuant to his order, the army crossed the mountain the third time and marched down into Powell's Valley to the air of "Dixie," played by the band of the Thirty-third Indiana, In addition to the usual forty rounds of cartridges, the men were re- 42 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIHD quired to carry eighty rounds in their knapsacks. By this time the serious effects of the march began to tell on them. Many were pros- trated by the heat. Corporal Enos Had ley, of Company C, died of sheer exhaustion. After the army had finally made an enlodgment in the valley, with two days' rest, and with the prospect of meeting the enemy, notwith- standing the men were out of bread, with coffee for a single meal, with no other food but the fresh beef that was driven along, they recu- perated rapidly. The army was well concentrated; it could not have been located better for defensive work. The rear rested on Rogers Gap and the front and flanks were completely masked from view by a forest. On the 18th the division* took up its line of inarch for Cumberland Gap. The weather was fine and the farms along the route gave evi- dences of plenty. Some of the soldiers had Michigan and Indiana "wild-cat" money, with which they succeeded in purchasing some of the products of the ,f arm. Many of the disloyal people would readily take anything that represented money, provided that it was not a "greenback," under the impression, doubtless, that all other kinds were issued by the Confederacy. In this valley lived a simple, primitive people, shut out from the world almost as much as if they lived in Greenland, and with the speech, manners, and ideas that their fathers brought there when they settled, a half century or more before. But little change had occurred since then. Men and women traveled on horseback, and their cloth- ing was the product of the farm and the busy looms of the women. The people were rich in cattle, hogs, horses, sheep, and the products of the field. Having this, there seemed to be very little care for more. Many of the loyal East Tennesseeans, serving under General Carter, lived in this valley and the reception accorded them on their return by their families and friends was most affecting. *Following is an extract from the order of march as it applied to General Baird's brigade: ****** VI. Baird's brigade will constitute the reserve, and will march at two o'clock and halt forty-five minutes for breakfast and rest, when it will continue to march in rear of DeCourcey's brigade. General Morgan will accompany General Baird at the head of his brigade. The cavalry, under Captain Martin, ordered to report to General Baird, will constitute the rear guard of cavalry and will march six hundred paces in rear of the infantry, and will throw out to the rear ten videttes, under a lieutenant or sergeant, who shall inarch in twos, each file of which will be separated twenty paces from the tiles in front and rear. Wetmore's battery and the two brass howitzers are assigned to the command of General Baird. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 13 Without obstruction, and after marching nineteen miles, the army reached the Gap in I he evening only to find, as previously in Conned, that the enemy had, thai day, evacuated il. leaving our army in full possession, hut not until they had destroyed everything of value that they could not take away. It was the desire of General Morgan to meet and beat the enemy m the field and then enter Cumberland Gap, but the place was evacuated without a struggle — the enemy retiring in the direction of Norris- town and Chattanooga. The wagon-trains did not reach the Gap till the following day, and in the absence of tents during the first night the troops had to sleep in an all-night rain. The enemy left behind a large number of tents, which they had slit into ribbons, and tons of projectiles were thrown over the cliffs into the ravines, and their long 64-pounder was precipitated over a cliff two hundred feet high. The operations against the Gap were left largely to the discretion of General Morgan, and the success of the movement was due to his boldness, if not audacity, although aided, in a measure, by the threat- ening operations of Generals Negley and Mitchell in the direction of both Chattanooga and Knoxville. From Cumberland Ford it was only a six hours' march in a direct route to the Gap, but to turn the Gap by a flank movement by way of Big Creek and Eoger's Gap involved an almost impracticable march of from ten to twelve days over a dis- tance of ninety-five miles. Thus terminated a campaign replete with hard work and thrilling- incidents, a campaign that placed in our possession not only a leading pass through the mountains, but a stronghold that had been won and lost in many a conflict between the Indians. Then the white men battled for it, but at the expense of many lives. Later, Daniel Boone and his hardy companions followed, and still later saw the Gap the favorite haunt of the noted bandit, John A. Murrell, and his followers, but who were eventually driven to more fruitful fields along the lower Mississippi. Some of the descendants of Murrell's gang, however, lived about the Gap at the time it was occupied by the Union forces. 44 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTER VI. OCCUPATION OF CUMBERLAND GAP. Cumberland Gap, a position recognized as a veritable Gibraltar, im- pregnable against all offensive operations, surrendered by the enemy without making any serious attempt to hold it! This Gap was long famous as the most accessible route through the great mountain chain of Virginia, Kentucky, and Tennessee. Military men of both armies looked upon it as a position of great consequence. It was considered the key to East Tennessee. On the south side the face of the moun- tain is precipitous, presenting the appearance of a huge wall oi sandstone, and the north side is broken by a series of mountain peaks. The works of defense were a fort armed with immense guns on the Pinnacle on the east side. On the north side were three more works, commanding the roads and approaches in every direction. On the summit^ on the west side of the Gap, were three other forts, and just in the Gap, upon the road, still another. Such was the extent of the works that ten thousand men would be necessary to defend the posi- tion. On the south is a triangular-shaped amphitheater not excelled in beauty anywhere, in which the rebel army had been comfortably quartered in cabins, and from the mountain gushed a spring that fur- nished power for a mill with a grinding capacity of sixty bushels of wheat per day. This was the first occupation of the Gap by Union soldiers. In its occupancy one thing, if nothing more, was accomplished — the de- mands of the loyal East Tennesseeans had been met. That was all. The effusive promises of Andrew Johnson and others that, upon tak- ing the Gap, thousands of East Tennesseeans would rally to the Union standard, proved only a dream — a shattered hope. The six thousand ~t;md of small arms taken there by General Morgan were destroyed without the addition of any considerable number of volunteers from that section.* *On July 10 the aggregate force, present and absent, of the Seventh division, shortly after its occupation of the Gap, was 12,483; July 20, 12,- 436; August 1, 12,466, and October 1, 12,369, showing a net decrease in the total force of 114, instead of an increase, as most likely would appear if the army had gained any considerable accessions from the East Tennes- seeans. It is not to deny the fact that East Tennessee furnished many brave and true soldiers to the Union cause, but it does not appear, on that occcasion, that the prophecy of Andrew Johnson and others was verified. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 45 The first day of the occupancy of the Gap was devoted, principally, to sight-seeing and the proper celebration of the event. The flags of the several commands were hoisted high upon the Pinnacle and the cannon gave deep-toned notice of the victory won. The .occasion was unfortunately marred by one of the cannoneers of the Firs,t. Wis- consin Battery losing both of his arms by the premature discharge of one of the gun*. It was evident that the troops would remain some time, and experi- ence had taught, them the importance of laying in supplies of lumber and other material for the erection of suitable quarters, in which they generally succeeded, but often under the most trying circumstances. The Thirty-third Indiana was composed, generally, of men who possessed a manly independence and despised those forms of military discipline, or despotism, that deprived them of the com torts of the camp and march, and at times would not hesitate to show their con- tempt for all such practices. Because of this, laxity of discipline was sometimes charged against the regiment. The first day the army occupied Cumberland Gap the boys discov- ered some clapboards and at once appropriated what they could of them to improve their quarters. This was an offense, according to Major Garber, the division quartermaster, and he had the men put into the guardhouse. The' boys smothered their indignation for a time, and the affair had been apparently forgotten, but it was not. While on the march from the Gap to the Ohio river, the duties of the Major made it necessary for him to look after the trains, camping- grounds, etc., thereby bringing him often in contact with the men of every regiment in the command. Whenever he came near the Thirty- third, the boys would yell "Clapboards!" "Clapboards!" in connec- tion with other army slang of the time. He was a sensitive man, and the jeers and guying of the men so mortified him that he apologized to the regiment through Major Manker, whereupon the hostilities be- tween the two ceased. Thus matters rested until March, 1865, when, between Goldsborough and Raleigh, North Carolina, nearly three years afterward, some of the boys recognized Garber and reminded him of the clapboard incident, lie must have mentally cursed the boys for having such long memories. No time was lost in posting the troops to the best possible advan- tage. The Thirty-third was ordered to go into camp one mile south of the Gap on the Tazewell road, where Camp Manker was established in an open field and exposed to the rays of a relentless sun; but the boys industriously applied themselves to the erection of shade arbors and otherwise beautifying their new homes, when the ramp became 46 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD quite as inviting as any of the past. The round of camp life here, however, soon became monotonous, caused, principally, by what seemed excessive drilling, which did not and could not add to the pro- ficiency gained by the several companies at Camp Henderson during the previous winter. The enemy did not appear to have any intention to attack the Gap, but were stationed so that they could watch our every movement. They declined battle whenever offered. At one time General Morgan caused DeCourcey's brigade to be placed in arnbush beyond the Poor Valley Ridge, and sent Baird's brigade, to which belonged the Thirty- third, four miles up the Virginia Valley with fifty wagons for corn, which was obtained and brought in; but the enemy adhered to his adopted policy and refused to fight, though the brigade formed in line of battle in his immediate front and awaited his coming until five o'clock. The "Thirty-third band struck up "Dixie," but to no effect.* The army was in possession of the Gap; that was about all, except to drill and eat rations. It could not advantageously operate from it in the direction of Knoxville with only six hundred cavalry. Raids upon the enemy's lines of communication could not be made with so few cavalry. General Morgan realized this and repeatedly urged Buell and the Secretary of War to send two regiments of that arm of the service. With these he felt that he could make rapid and effective movements against the most exposed points along the railroad only forty miles away, but his requests were refused. He grew restive un- der this restraint, with no apparent effort to assist him. The authori- ties seemed to be unable to comprehend the true situation. The ig- norance of General Buell, as to the strength of the Gap, was well illus- trated in his request to Morgan to "so strengthen the Gap that it could be held by one regiment of infantry with artillery," .notwith- standing the enemy, six thousand strong, evacuated it without any show of resistance. General Morgan replied by saying "the place could no more be held by one regiment than by one man." *Lieut. Henry R. Flook, of Company A, was then on detached duty as a signal officer. He related to the writer the following incident in con- nection with that movement: "I was on duty on the high point (the Pinnacle) on the left of the Gap, and reported to General Morgan that a body of Confederates were moving toward the cornfield. He had me signal the colonel to come in at once, and told me to tell the band to play 'The Girl I Left Behind Me.' I did so, and as the regiment came in over the hill the band played the piece called for. I did not know for years after why he gave such an order. The signal service was new at the time and the General had doubts of its efficiency. When the signaling proved a success he remarked, 'Now I am satisfied.' " INDIANA VOLUNTEER IM'WTKV. \'] A reduction of the force was no longer thought of after Lieut. \V. P. Craighill, engineer in charge of strengthening the Gap, said this of it: Without fortifications the garrison should amount to 1(),00() effective men; with them, if should consist of nol loss than 5,000, including four companies of artillery. The defensive system must he of considerable extent, as at least six or eight points must be occupied, the most distant being not loss than two and one-half or three miles horizontally, and the greater distance between any two points being 1,200 to 1,300 feet. Thus things moved along until the enemy finally began to show in- creased activity in their movements, making it necessary for the iso- lated regiments to concentrate in or nearer to the Gap, the Thirty- third Indiana, excepting Company ( '. taking position in and on the east side of the Gap proper, July 18, just one month from date of first occupancy of it by the entire force. Company C was detached and took position nearer the base of the mountain on the west side of the Gap, with orders to assist in building fortifications and cutting down the forest trees that covered that side of the mountain, which duty was performed under the direction of a competent engineer, Lieut. W. P. Craighill, corps of engineers, since Chief Engineer, IJ. S. A. Company C was engaged in this work seventy days, which lasted dur- ing the remainder of the time the Union forces occupied the Gap. The results of the labors of this company were the erection of two -trongly-built forts, with bomb-proof casements, besides clearing many acres of forest from the south side of the mountain with a view to giv- ing unobstructed range to the artillery. This entailed upon the men a vast amount of labor, but they performed it with cheerfulness and enthusiasm. Any change was most agreeable to those who had been accustomed to submit to the usual duties of camp life. Without any apparent prospect of assistance or relief from the War Department at Washington, and with orders from General Buell to re- main in the Gap, nothing was left to be done now, except to await developments. The appearance of the camp did not change. The detachments engaged in strengthening the place pushed the work for- ward as vigorously and determinedly as if nothing unusual was about to occur. Drills, guard mounts, dress parades, and other duties inci- dent to camp life were conducted from day to day as though the enemy was not within a thousand miles, and the hands of the different organi- zations at reveille or tattoo thrilled their vast audience with patriotic music. Nobody can forget the lifer of the Forty-ninth Indiana Infantry who ever heard him — Pres. Worrell, who was born and raised in Or- 48 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD leans, Orange county, Indiana. He was a host every day in the camp. and at reveille, tattoo or taps he was divine There was a thrilling electric power about the notes of his fife that woke the sleeping blood and sent memory and enthusiasm and hope out on the wing together. Before him the old rhyme, " Fife away, you fifin' feller, You may fife till you are yaller, Before I'm going to be a soldier," had neither truth nor poetry in it. He was a conqueror. He fifed many a boy away from home into the army and into the Union ranks. His shrill and mournful notes rang out on the way to the soldier's ionely grave, and when on the march the footsore boys could hear his stirring tunes their knapsacks grew lighter and the weary way was for- gotten. The Forty-ninth Indiana camped on the top of the mountain, and at nightfall their filer would get out on a lofty elevation and play to the ten thousand boys in the amphitheater below. Never before had musician such an appreciative audience. "Hail Columbia," "The Gal I Left Behind Me," "Mary's Dream," "Jay Bird," and "Du-da- da} r ," and a hundred other tunes full of melody and woven with ten thousand fond associations came one after another, and the boys would break forth in loud and enrapturous cheers. The very echoes would repeat their long, wild, dying cadences from peak to peak and valley to' valley till it seemed that a chorus of titers bad joined in the refrain. Then, too, the Ninth Ohio Battery had a bugler, who, at tattoo, would get out on the works and blow the long sweet melodious notes till the valleys of Kentucky, Virginia, and Tennessee seemed rivaling each other in catching up and prolonging the sounds. BRAGG'S ARMY ENTERS KENTUCKY. The centralization of rebel troops in East Tennessee was evident^ but their object could not be comprehended by General Buell. He was in doubt whether they intended to reinforce General Lee in Virginia, or finally make Chattanooga their objective point, all the time dis- crediting the rumor that a formidable raid was contemplated into Kentucky, of which he was correctly informed by General Morgan be- fore the movement had been fully put into operation. The army did not have to wait long for developments, for on the 10th of August the rebel army had commenced its invasion of Ken- tucky, and seven days later appeared in considerable force in front of the Gap, when it was thought an attack would be made, thereby creating a good deal of enthusiasm among the troops occupying the Gap, but they halted four miles away without offering battle. The 1XIUWA VOLUNTEEB IXFANTIiY. |!» movemenl was made doubtless with a view of only showing their strength and diverting the attention of General Morgan's forces from the flank movemenl thai was then being made by a portion of their troops through the gaps to the westward, and who had now gained the ford in our rear and defeated a detachmenl of troops stationed there. The fact now dawned upon our army thai it was surrounded; and on the nth day of August an order was road placing the men on hall' rations of everything excepf In 1 ins and rice. None ton soon, as shortly after the invasion the enemy had captured the supply trains on both roads loading to the (Jap from Lexington, consisting of one hundred and seventy-five wagons and six hundred and fifty mules and horses. General Bragg had now commenced the process of rolling Buell's army back upon the Ohio river, and the beleaguered army was lost, as it were, in the heart of the Confederacy, with nothing to do hut to continue holding the Gap and awaiting results. On several occasions the enemy, under a flag of truce, demanded a surrender, but received no encouragement from the commanding general, except the polite invitation to come and take it — if he could. They wisely declined to accept the gage of battle. The enemy finally withdrew from the immediate front of the Gap, and on the 26th of August the Thirty-third Indiana, with the Twenty-fifth, Twenty- sixth, and Twenty-seventh brigades, went on a reconnoitering and for- aging expedition in the vicinity of Tazewell. They found the enemy at that place, but after some skirmishing withdrew, sustaining a Loss of one man killed and two wounded, and an admitted loss to the enemy by the Knoxville papers of a much greater number. The troops, after securing a supply of forage, returned to camp. Again, on the 31st, another sortie was made into the valley, and although the ar- tillery shelled the woods, there were no signs of resistance by the en- emy. They, at last, became bolder and hovered so close to the Gap that an attack seemed imminent at any moment,. and to prevent a sur- prise at night Company C of the Thirty-third was detailed to build in the night time a huge pile of combustible material on the heights of the foothills south of the Gap' for the purpose id' lighting at the mo- ment a movement should begin. No attack was made; hence the ne- cessity of a huge bonfire did not arise. The supply of rations was constantly diminishing. Surrounded, -as we were, there were still some cornfields within our lines which yielded a meager supply to our army, but the army had to generally fight for what it got. In this way was harvested the corn crop until the supply was finally exhausted. With the utmost prudence and frugality the (4) 50 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD army had barely enough to subsist on for thirty days. Even with the utmost care the forage diminished too rapidly, as a number of horses died from starvation. By the 5th day of September the supply of bread- stuffs had become entirely exhausted, which calamity might have been averti d had the foraging parties that went into Tennessee taken pos- session pf the large quantity of wheat that was cut and stacked in the fields. Inasmuch as the men in three weeks could have gathered and threshed thousands of bushels of wheat, and the fact that the Gap mill was capable of grinding sixty bushels a day. there seems to have been no reasonable excuse for this oversight. The future looked gloomy. The army knew that Kentucky was be- ing overrun by the enemy under General Bragg — more than that it did not know. No wonder that the men became restive and anxiously in- quired of each other, "Will we have to surrender?" They knew, as well as the commanding general, that the army would have to either surrender or go out and fight or evacuate; but which? In any event the soldiers were determined to do their duty. They were chagrined, however, that this was their only alternative after having labored so hard to capture and strengthen the place. During the thirty-two clays the army was invested there were cap- lured of the enemy about five hundred officers and men, and killed and wounded about one hundred and seventy, against a loss of about forty on our side. Cdl. John McCrea, afterward Chaplain of the Thirty-third Indiana, Mas employed by General Morgan as civilian master of transportation. He was a man of great energy and well adapted for such duties. He saw that the roads were put in fairly good condition for quick transpor- tation, fully realizing the importance of keeping the troops at the Gap well provisioned. When everything was chaos after the battle of Per- ryville, Kentucky, he was the first man to bring much-needed supplies to tin' men engaged in that fight. Previous to the battle at Richmond. Kentucky, and before if was known that General Bragg and his army had taken full possession of the Blue Grass region of Kentucky. Mc- Crea was urging forward two trains of supplies to the Gap. One of these trains was in charge of Enos Halbert, regimental wagon master. It was on its way from Danville and was met by the enemy in the Rockcastle hills, who captured the wagons and supplies, the men man- aging In escape with the teams. These men. about one hundred strong, under command of Halbert, thirty of whom belonged to the Thirty-third Indiana, reported without delay, to the general in com- mand of the troops near Richmond, and volunteered to go into the tight, as they said they "wanted to do something for the boys at the INDIAXA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTEY. . r >l Lap." Some of them were artillerists and were given four pieces of artillery and did excellent work while the contest lasted. The entire party, however, was captured, excepting Halbert, who narrowly escaped after his horse was twice wounded. The) were held prisoners two days, then released, and subsequently received orders to go to [ndian- apolis, where they remained until they could again rejoin their com- mands at Covington, Kentucky. In this engagement Private John C. Lee. of Company 11. was wounded. The hope of the army at the Gap was, that the enemy would be quickly driven out of Kentucky, but the Federals being defeated at' Richmond, made the immediate reopening of the "cracker-line" a dis- mal failure. With the cutting off and capture of our supply trains and the demoralization which prevailed, generally, throughout Kentucky, the last ray of hope had disappeared. Without forage the mules must soon perish from hunger and the air become pestilent with their car- casses. It was now certain that the enemy would not attack' our posi- tion, and it was equally certain in two weeks more, with the loss of mules by starvation, that we would have no means of transportation should the enemy continue in our front. To hold the Gap until com- pelled to yield by hunger would have transferred to the enemy thirty- two cannon, fourteen thousand stands of small arms, vast magazines of ammunition, and palsied the arms of ten thousand brave men who had been seasoned to all the hardships of war. Further attempt to hold the Gap meant either starvation or capitula- tion. A council of war was determined upon, at which it was decided to evacuate, and preparations looking to that end were hastily consum- mated. Transportation facilities being reduced to a minimum by the disaster to the supply trains near Richmond and in the Rockcastle hills, it became necessary to reduce the camp equipage and officers' baggage to what was actually needed. Everything possible was done to get away the sick, but with all the efforts in that direction the fol- lowing men of the Thirty-third were left behind: James Major, Com- pany H, convalescent; David Like, Company B, same, but who died; •John Myrick, Company i'. convalescent; William Collins, Company D, same, but who died, and William Willmore, Company B, very sick, and who died. In all there were about one hundred and twenty-five of the army left, in hospital, with medical -tores and a small guard. Lack of transportation made it necessary to leave behind the Sibley tents, which meant exposure to all kinds of weather. The Gap was lost as it was won — by a flank movement, thus demon- strating, notwithstanding its naturally impregnable position, that with- out a vast amount of supplies, or without the aid of open lines of com- 52 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD munication — a well improved dirt road or a railroad — it was of no military value whatever. In the spring of 1862, very soon after General Morgan came to his command at Lexington, Kentucky, he was vehemently urged by citi- zens and by soldiers who had been on the line, the year before, to do one thing, above all others, and that was, to have a good, solid wagon road made to the Gap, without delay. He went over the road and sent back orders to Colonel Coburn and Colonel Cochran, his junior in command, to go to work on the road and make it fit for travel and transportation. These officers moved out of camp to do this work, but had hardly got to the scene of action when the orders were changed and they were hurried forward. The result was, that it was impossible to get sufficient supplies of any kind for men and animals, for this small army. Had the Government made the hundred miles of road from Crab Orchard to Cumberland Gap, a good solid pike in the spring and sum- mer of 1862, a large army might have been subsisted at the Gap. This would have enabled our troops to have cut the Confederacy in two at an important place in East Tennessee and inflicted incalculable loss on the enemy. This would have put an army behind Bragg and Kirby Smith that would have kept them out of Kentucky in the fall of 1862 had they attempted an inroad. In fine, it would have fore- stalled their destructive raid into Kentucky. Every man of sense on the line could see the importance of the construction of the road, run- ning directly upon the great eastern and western artery of the Con- federacy. This railroad was but thirty or forty miles south of Cumber- land Gap tor a Long distance, and with a good road to that place a suf- ficient force could have been kept in that impregnable fortress to have cut off communication on that line from Richmond to the West. It would not have cost much. It was the cheapest expedient that mili- tary skill could have ad< | ted to throttle the Confederacy. It would have been a perpetual dank movement on the vitals of the rebellion. [NDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 53 CHAPTEB VII. EVACUATION OF CUMBERLAND GAP. On the 16th day of September, L862, the order was issued Tor the army to evacuate the Gap. The Thirty-third Indiana and Ninth Ohio Battery, the first to move out, under command of Col. John Coburn, were selected as an escort to the ammunition train of the en- tire army. This was the post of honor and danger. The train lost, and the fate of the army was scaled. The regiment did not get started until two o'clock a. m., of the 17th. and with the advance movement, as has been graphically described by a writer, "the moon rose over the Pinnacle and the great fort on the east, the train wound down the northern slope of the mountain, slowly and silently passed under the clouds of mist which covered the valley and disappeared." They thus marched alone to Manchester one day in advance of the army and in the face of danger. Four 30-pound and two 20-pound Parrot, guns and two 12-pound Napoleon guns were cut oil' their trunnions, the bores were wedged with shot and spike and then hurled over the cliffs, and mines were laid so that at the last moment the destruction of the vast magazine and the blockading of the pass in the Gap would be assured. Late in the day of the 17th, while Lieutenant-Colonel Gallup was transacting some business under a flag of truce with the enemy, some indiscreet person set fire to a portion of the quartermaster's estab- lishment and the red flame and smoke curled up over the mountain, but through the tact of Gallup, the enemy was led to believe that brush was being burned on the side of the mountain, and again about 10 o'clock p. m., a courier announced that a sentinel had deserted his post, as supposed, to give information to the enemy. It was a moment of intense suspense to the officers. Fortunately, nothing came of it. Without some unforeseen misfortune, as these portended, the plans for evacuation were a success. Everything was so admirably and secretly conducted that the enemy failed to suspect or realize what was going on until Captain Patterson had commenced the explosion of the mines, and the destruction, by Colonel Gallup, of the remaining gov- ernment property, who, with his own hands, fired the train which blew up the principal magazine. The camps were set on fire, the great depots, storehouses and magazines blown up, the heavy guns, four in number, destroyed, and the place evacuated just three months after it was first occupied by the Seventh division of the Army of the Ohio. 54 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD The morning after the evacuation, General Stevenson, with the entire rebel force in Powell's Valley, marched through the Gap and followed in rear of our army. His advance guard attacked the rear of it as it reached the Goose Creek salt works, I mt was easily repulsed. The army remained in camp at this place from the 19th to the 21st of September to perfect an organization for a continuation of the march. These works were extensive and produced large quantities of salt. They supplied Southeastern Kentucky. Western Virginia and East Tennessee. Their possession was of great value to the rebels, who, in the fall and winter of 1861, drew from them large supplies. They were afterward, in the fall of 1862, destroyed by Craft's brigade of Crittenden's corps of the Union army. These works belonged to Colonel Garrard, of the Seventh Kentucky (loyal) Infantry. Here the supply of fresh water was limited to one well, which was soon ex- hausted, when the army was compelled to utilize the salt water in the creek. At -i o'clock p. m., of the 21st, the regiment took up its line of march, and it now became evident to the soldiers that the objective point was somewhere on the Ohio River, and that the march would be through a section of Eastern Kentucky that was sterile and un- productive, and at most, would yield a scant supply of forage and rations for both man and beast. As the army advanced, the difficulties increased a thousand fold by the rough nature of the ground, by dan- ger of the train being precipitated over some precipice. To elude the enemy and to shorten the distance as much as possible, a large area of country was passed through, over the uneven surface. of which no vehicle of any sort was ever before driven. Pack saddles carried the scanty supplies of the people there to market and the grain to mill-. Eude bridle paths traversed it. and these alone formed the medium of communication with the outside world. The supply of rations continued to diminish as the army advanced, the farms (?) yielding only an occasional patch of corn, isolated in- stance- of -stunted" cattle, and a limited number of "'•'razor-backed'* hogs, sometimes called "elm-peelers." The succulent pawpaw, how- ever, was generally in abundance all along the route, and gave some nourishment to the hungry men. Each man had punched his plate full of hole- by the aid of the bayonet, which furnished the means whereby the corn was grated into meal. This, mixed with water and stirred into a batter, could be baked into an appetizing "hoe-cake." The strictest discipline was urged, and general orders were issued by General .Morgan to shoot any soldier who attempted to get into IXD1AX \ VOLTJNTEEK INFANTRY. 55 wagons when wagons were empty, although they were footsore and exhausted, and strict orders* were issued forbidding the men to forage for corn to make bread, but both orders were disregarded by the men. The orders could not be enforced. So constant was the absolute need of nourishment that there was a continual struggle to obtain corn at every field. In the face of hunger the members of the Thirty-third had no regard for the orders that deprived them of the necessarii life, and whether the regiment was in front or rear of the marching column it was ably represented by a detail whenever there was a con (est over a field id' corn. They managed to hold their own at all events, and ii was touching when the members of the Fourteenth and Nine- teenth Kentucky would almost prayerfully appeal to the Thirty-third, "For God's sake, boys, leave something for us to-day." On September 22 the regiment took up its line of march before day- light and went into camp on the Red Bird Fork of the Kentucky river in an open held and orchard, near a farm-house. General Baird occupied the house with his staff. Colonel Coburn took a level fence- corner for his bed-chamber, which the Fourteenth Kentucky in than an hour "turned out to graze" by simply relieving that comm- and many others, like it. of its fence-rails. Coburn told the Ken- tuckians to not take away the ground, and so went to sleep, hut did not enjoy it long. The old farmer had quite a lot of geese and the boys went for them. Some squalled and flew over the camp and made more outcry than would have waked Borne. Then Baird got nervous about a fine string of bee-stands, some thirty in number, which flanked the path from the house to the gateway, so he sent word to Coburn !iard them. The guard was put on, hut there was no rest that night. In a few minutes Baird sent word to Coburn to take his regi- ment at once to Booneville and prevent Morgan from burning the mill. He aroused his men and took off the honey-guard. Somebody had taken the honey. Nobody knows who saved the stands, but Co- burn and his regiment saved the mill by that night's inarch. Next morning, when the army came along, the old wheels were rattling around and making merry music to the ears of the hungry. On the 24th Proctor was readied. At this place General W issued an order that the men throw away all clothing except what was on their backs. The order was faithfully obeyed by the men. and they continued the march in the lightest marching order, with only a blanket to carry, in addition to gun and aecouterments. After leaving -Ccti. G. W. Morgan was an ultra advocate of the protection of all private property, though its owner was disloyal to the United States Gov- ernment. 56 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Proctor the country was almost absolutely barren of forage of any kind, and for two days the troops had to make new roads. On the 25th it look eleven hours to travel four miles. The following day the regiment marched to the north fork of the Kentucky river. The road was very narrow and led up a hill along a precipice, and with great difficulty the wagons were kept from tumbling to the bottom. At Cracker's Neck — a narrow gorge or valley through which the road ran — the enemy took position to give battle. The main army diverged to the right by a road over the mountains, while the Thirty- third Indiana, Fourth and Sixth East Tennessee, and Foster's First Wisconsin Battery, attacked and put the enemy to flight. Rebel John Morgan had already attacked us in front and rear, but now he had commenced a serious system of blockading the narrow ridges and deep defiles. The army was kept busy removing blockades, and on every hand the enemy's cavalry seemed to increase. Harassed as the army was, its progress was sometimes very slow. This, with the task of forc- ing the wagon-trains over the rough and tortuous roads through the mountains, often prolonged the march far into the night. For a period ■of three days the army had no water except that found in stagnant pools, and the quantity thus found was very small. At West Liberty General Morgan had decided to leave the sick and worn-out men, but General Speers and Colonel Coburn protested so vigorously that the idea was abandoned. It was expected that Hum- phrey Marshall would attack us at this place, which caused a halt of two days and the concentration of the command. He approached within fifteen miles and then withdrew. On the 2d of October, after a hard day's march, suffering much from heat and thirst, the Thirty-third, with the other troops, reached Gray- son. Kentucky. It was the intention of the enemy to intercept us here, but luckily we got in ahead of him. When approaching Gray- son, the army had been marching and working for twenty-four hours without having tasted food. The friendly pawpaw had become in- sipid, but the men readily devoured acorns, with which the woods abounded. A miscalculation of the enemy gave us a start of about two days, and under the circumstances it was probably well for them that they did Suffering as the men had been for so many days, they were desperate enough to hold their own against any force that was likely to be hurled against them. After reaching Grayson the enemy no longer offered resistance. At 2 o'clock a. m., of October 3, the regiment again took up the line of march for Greenupsburg, Kentucky, fifteen miles distant, ou the INDIANA VOLTJNTEEB IN FANTKY. 57 Ohio river, the objective poinl of the march, where it arrived at !» o'clock p. in., thus completing a march of two hundred and twenty miles in seventeen days, with no shelter at night, of any kind and ex- d to almosl nil sorts of inclemenl weather. The march, in many respects, was one of the mosl remarkable thai had been made up to that period of the war. The men profited by it later on. The condi- tion of things ;il the Gap, with the scarcity of provisions along the route i<) the Ohio river, taughl valuable lessons in that important branch of the art of soldiering called "taking care of themselves/' The loss to the army during the march in killed, wounded, and prisoners was about eighty men. On Sunday, October 5, the Thirty-third Indiana crossed the Ohio river in a. ferry-boat while the band inspired it with "Ain't You Glad You Are Out of the Wilderness," and when wc placed our feet on Ohio soil all reverently exclaimed. •'Thank Heaven, we are again in God's country." Alter crossing the river the troops inarched down to Wheelersburg and thence to Sciotoville. The road was lined with people who mani- fested a deep interest in our welfare. At Wheelersburg the division was royally received by citizens, who bountifully feasted the entire command. A table was constructed in the center of the street. The regiment marched in two ranks, one on either side of the table, and helped themselves as they marched by. Such hospitality and cordiality was a revelation to the Kentucky and Tennessee troops, who had been in the habit of paying for everything they received from Union men. As well, it was a source of inspiration to all of us.* Upon the army reaching the Ohio river, both President Lincoln and Secretary Stanton strongly insisted that it be sent to West Virginia. The order was issued but subsequently countermanded. The Thirty- third remained in the vicinity of Portsmouth several days. In the reorganization of the troops the Thirty-third Indiana was transferred from General Morgan's command to that of Gen. Gor- don Granger, w T ho commanded the Army of Kentucky. The most of the Seventh division was ordered to Vicksburg, where it took an active part in the campaign against that stronghold. On October 7 the regiment took the cars for Portland, Ohio, where it remained till the 14th, when the Fourteenth and Nineteenth Ken- tucky, Thirty-third Indiana, and Ninth Ohio Battery, all under com- mand of Colonel Coburn, were ordered to proceed forthwith to Cov- ington, Kentucky. *General Morgan dispatched to Governor Morton: Thirty-third and Forty-ninth Indiana regiments are doing well, and behaved most nobly. Indiana has cause to be proud of her soldiers. 58 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD MOVEMENTS OP BRAGG'S ARMY. 'I be following gleaned from the many dispatches and letters of General Bragg and his subordinates discloses the anxiety of the enemy and shows how desperately in earnest they were to head off Gen. G. W. Morgan's army. These dispatches make it appear that General Bragg was of the opinion that General Morgan would make Maysville, via Mount Sterling, his objective point, which doubtless gave Mforg in the benefit of the two days' march that he had gained when he reached West Liberty, his objective point being Greenupsburg, on the Ohio river, instead of Maysville: Lexington, Ky., September 10, 1862. Lieutenant Cunningham to General Hetn: Hold your forces well in hand, so as to be able at a moment's warning to move to meet the enemy at Mt. Sterling or such other points as circumstances may require. Gen- eral Marshall ordered to co-operate. Lexington, Ky., September 19, 18G2. Lieut. E. Cunningham to Col. John H. Morgan: Heth was ordered in pursuit of Gen. G. W. Morgan, and to destroy all the mills and grain at Manchester. Richmond, Ya., September 19, 1862. Secretary of War to General Jones: The enemy have left Cumberland Gap, pursued by Stevenson. Knoxville, Tenn., September 19, 1862. General McCown to General Stevenson: The major-general command- ing directs that you pursue General Morgan, * * * but cut up Morgan, if possible. Knoxville, Tenn., September 19, 1802. General McCown to General Jones: Morgan retreated toward Man- chester, Ky. Stevenson is after him. Lexington. Ky.. September 24, 18C.2. General Kirby Smith to Humphrey Marshall: Obstructions should be placed on General Morgan's road and he be delayed as long as possible. Lexington, Ky.. September 24. lSf>2. General Kirby Smith to General Bragg: Morgan's line of march from Kentucky river not yet developed. * * * Stevenson, I think, must be on Morgan's track. . Lexington, Ky.. September 24. 1SG2. Colonel Pegram to General Leadbetter: General Morgan is making for the Ohio river, and we must try to head him off. Lexington, Ky., September 24, 1862. Gen. Kirby Smith to General Stevenson: Push Morgan. i\i>iA\.\ VOLUNTEER [NFANTBY. 59 Lexington, Ky., September 24, 18G2. Colonel Boggs to General Heth: General Morgan crossed the Kentucky river ;it Proctor last night. He is moving on Mt. Sterling. Push on to intercept him, inarching at night, If necessary. Lexington, Ky., September 25, 1862. Gen. Kirby Smith to General Bragg: I have ordered my entire force to Mt. Sterling to try to intercept General Morgan. Lexington, Ky.. September 2."). 1862. Gen. Kirby Smith to Gen. Humphrey Marshall: The ground over which General Morgan is to advance should he well reconnoitered. * * * Everything in his front lias been burned and his army is in a reduced condition. If we can collect our forces soon enough we should make him fight before he can collect supplies. Lexington, Ky., September 25, 1862. Lieut. -Col. Brent to Colonel Garner: The general commanding will leave to-day for Mt. Sterling, at which point nearly all the residue of his command will lie concentrated for the purpose of intercepting the com- mand of General Morgan, or driving him toward the mountains east- wardly, in which latter event his command will he lost to this campaign. Bardstown, Ky.. September 25, 1862. General Bragg to Adjutant-General. C. S. A.: General Morgan (Fed- eral), we learn, is trying to make bis escape from Cumberland (Jap. but I trust General Smith's disposition may result in his destruction or capture. Danville. Ky.. September 30, 1862. General Bragg to General Polk: Morgan (Federal) has made a turn to the right, and trying to escape by the Sandy. I fear Kirby Smith is not in time to bead him, but our cavalry under Morgan is harassing him and getting many prisoners, besides destroying his trains. His command is ruined for any useful purpose. Frankfort, Ky., October 3, 1862. General Bragg to General Polk: .lust as soon as Morgan gets in from his pursuit of his namesake you shall have cavalry. In his official report General Bragg says of the operations of the Confederate army in Kentucky, with especial reference to the move- ments of Genera] Morgan's command: Orders bad also been given for a close observation of the enemy at Cumberland Cap, and that he should be intercepted in any attempt to es- 60 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD cape. On my arrival at Bardstown I learned from Gen. Kirby Smith that the enemy was moving from Cumberland Gap, endeavoring to escape by the valley of the Sandy river, in Eastern Kentucky, and that he had sent his whole available force in pursuit. A sufficient force to prevent his escape and compel the enemy's surrender had been ordered and con- fidently expected from another quarter to bave followed Smith's move- ments in time for this purpose. Circumstances in the then isolated posi- tion, and over which I could not control, had prevented the consummation so confidently relied upon, and so necessary to success. The delay result- ing from this pursuit of the enemy by General Smith prevented a junc- tion of our forces and enabled General Buell to reach Louisville before the assault could be made upon that city. Thus it will be seen that General Morgan also contributed to the defense of Louisville, besides saving his own little army from starva- tion and capture. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 'il CHAPTEE VIII. REORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY. While at Covington the members of the regiment had ample time to reflect upon the exciting scene- through which they had just passed— the perilous condition in which they had been placed during the pre- ceding six or more week-. 1 luring that lime they had been completely isolated from the North — cut off from all communication with friends at home and the authorities ai Washington. There was an entire ab- sence of letters and newspapers from the North. Not a word of in- formation as to the condition of affairs was obtained in Eastern Ken- tucky until the army reached the Ohio river. They knew they were surrounded, and that the enemy, in force, was making an apparently successful movement in Kentucky from the way the rebel camps re- sounded with cheers and from what news could be gleaned from some of the Southern newspapers that had found their way into our lines. Beyond this all was conjecture and speculation. What a collection of news was now unfolded to them! Buell and his whole army, shattered, demoralized, and heart-broken, had been rolled back to the northern confines of Kentucky, and both Louisville and Cincinnati threatened! The whole State of Kentucky lay pros- trate at the feet of General Bragg and his army and no power to re- sist, and the loyal people of the North almost stricken dumb with amazement! The enemy, however, had spent his force before ac- complishing his full purpose; which was to create an uprising of the Kentuckians sufficiently strong in itself to hold the State against the Union army. This idea was the mainspring of the movement, as Gen- eral Bragg said that "the campaign was predicated on a belief and the most positive assurances, that the people of the country (Kentucky) would rise in mass to assert their independence." Bragg's movements were bold, aggressive, rapid, and altogether un- foreseen by either Buell or the authorities at Washington; and the inability to concentrate a sufficient force in his front to successfully oppose him, left almost the entire State in his possession; but by the time Buell and his army had reached the interior of the State the true situation began to he realized by the North and troops were concen- trated as rapidly as possible — in time and in such force as to ulti- mately hurl Bragg and his army, beaten and demoralized, out of Ken- tucky, never mere to be able to gain a foothold within its borders. Upon reaching Cincinnati the regiment was in a deplorable condi- tion — not having had a change of clothing for four weeks! The men 62 BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD carried their own cooking utensils, and nearly all of them were desti- tute of some part of their clothing. Seme were without coats, some without shirts, and many more were either bareheaded or barefooted, and what little clothing they had on their hacks was worn in rags, so that their appearance made them more or less repulsive. The order issued at Proctor. Kentucky, while on the march, that all surplus clothing he destroyed, placed the men at the mercy of ver- min that always seemed to be an unfailing adjunct to a poorly- equipped army. The appearance of the men aroused a sympathetic chord in the hearts of the good people of Cincinnati, who offered many substantial evidences of their good will. One man felt so keenly the destitute condition of the soldiers that he took off his shoes and com- pelled one of the men to take them; both sitting on the curbstone — one taking off, the other putting on the shoes; but, generally, their offers of assistance were declined with thanks, the men preferring to wait until properly clothed again by Uncle Sam. The call for troops in 1862 brought to the field numerous new regi- ments, many of whom were rendezvousing at Covington, who, noting our destitution and the vermin-infested condition of our clothing, were stricken with horror, and it was visible that they had a sup- pressed contempt, at least, for our appearance. Our interviews were held at long range. They had not yet had the experiences of a cam- paign, hut their turn soon came. It was not long till the soldiers of "62 became as bronzed, as seedy, and as vermin-infested as their com- rades who had preceded them in '61. ..Genera] Bragg's occupancy of Kentucky, together with the disaster that overwhelmed Banks in the Shenandoah Valley, and the seven days' disaster near Bichmond, Virginia— the loss of Kentucky and Virginia— all portended success to the rebellion. The prospect of ultimate success to the Union cause looked gloomy; and the loyal peo- ple were in the depths of despair. It was a year of reverses almost all along the line; hut there came out of it, after all. most excellent results. The latent patriotism of the loyal people had now become thoroughly aroused, and the calls lor troops in the months of July and Au-ust were promptly tilled. With enthusiasm the new troops entered Kentucky, before whom hastily disappeared Bragg's army. In the reorganization of the army the Thirty-third Indiana was brigaded with the Nineteenth Michigan, Col. H. C. Gilbert; Twenty- second Wisconsin, Col. William L. I'tley, and Eighty-fifth Indiana, Col. John P. Baird, regiments which had just entered the service. It was a most fortunate combination. These regiments, representing INDIANA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTRY: (53 differenl Sinics, sood became firm friends and remained so until the close of the war. While al Covington the regiment was fully equipped with new uni- forms and was anxiously awaiting orders directing n to take the field again, which was al last received, and on the 26th da\ of October it lefl ( '<<\ ington for the interior of Kentucky. When General Bragg occupied the State he was greatly disappointed at the Kentuekians not flocking to the rebel standard, and for this reason it was doubtless thought best bj the Federal authorities to rigidly enforce all orders looking to the protection of property in the State; and with this \ iew eiders of that nature were, as usual, pro- mulgated to the regiment. That there could he no doubt of their en- forcement the men were forbidden to leave the ranks while on the march for any purpose without permission, and they were not even permitted to buy anything. These orders were always announced at the beginning of every march, . especially in what is known as the "Border States/' as the theory of "States' rights" was strongly im- bedded in the minds of the citizens of those States. It was a question that had to be handled tenderly and diplomatically. It seemed to enter into every phase of the social, political, and military life of those States at that time. Before the Federal authorities attempted to do anything the first question considered always, was, "How does this affect State rights?" through fear of giving offense. When the greater question id' [Jnion or Disunion was considered, this paltry submission seemed unaccountable. This was often well illustrated in connection with the use and distinction of property, and the use of slaves. On one occasion Governor Curtin, of Pennsylvania, sent two regiments with a battery to the border line with orders to not cross it. Te obey the order, the captain of the battery planted his guns so that the wheels were in Pennsylvania and the muzzles in Maryland. The same feeling prevailed at one time to some extent among the Confed- erates. It is a, remarkable fact that the Tennessee colonel, Raines, would not let hi- men cross the Kentucky line to get water from a spring. Flowever, these ideas were, in time, lost in the stormy conflict. The line of march was in the direction of Georgetown, Kentucky. which place was reached on the 30th of October. The march was made with ease. The roads were in most excellent condition. While here Major Manker resigned his commission and Capt. Levin T. Miller, of Company K, was -elected by the officers to succeed him. Tents were "struck" and the march resumed on November 12th. and the evening of the same clay found the regiment again at Camp 64 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRL) Henderson, near Lexington, Kentucky, from which point it had started in the spring to Cumberland Gap, making the entire circuit, ;iliv;i\ hi- owner, who might be found in his camp, 'the judge, who had long been the most distinguished jurist of Kentucky, claimed a runaway slave, who was found in the lines of (he Twenty-second Wisconsin, commanded by Colonel Utley, which was in Coburn's brigade and I'>aird*s division. He asked Baird ;iml ('churn for an order on Utley to deliver up the slave. They both declined to give it. and referred him to Colonel I'tlcv. saying that I\ni\\\ VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 69 the slave was m Colone] CJtley's camp and under bis control. Judge Robertson came into the camp and asked an interview with the three officers in command, with the resull thai the division and brigade commanders declined to make any order in the premises, leaving it wholly with Colonel Utley, since he bad the slave in his own pos- ession as a servant. He refused to deliver up the slave and informed Judge Kohi -rt > I \ \ \ VOLUNTEEE l\ FANTR1 . 71 CHAPTEB IX. BRIGADE ORDERED TO TENNESSEE. On January 23, L863, Gen. li. G. Wright was instructed to all his available force to support General Rosecrans. In pursuance of which he "ordered to the Department of the ( u "I, under the command of Gen. ;er. twenty regiments of infantry, four regiments i and four batteries of artillery, to move as soon as transportation could be provided, concentrating at Louis- ville, and proceeding thence via the Ohio and Cumberland rivers to Nashville." This order included Cobum's brigade. Everything was the 26th the march began for Louisville, where the army arrived or the 29th. ore reaching Louisville, at the close of the march from Danville, the slave-hunters made a that they would take every slave found with the tr o] - as they passed through the city, even though they had to do so by force. The order to "fix bayonets" went down the line, and the march continued through the city to the steamboat landing without, interruption. The colored contingent was taken aboard with the troops, but the order had been promulgated that they must be returned to the shore, and the captain of the boat, which was occupied by the Thirty-third Indiana,, being in sympathy with the order, declared that he would not cut a line until I c was enforced. In the main it was faith- fully executed, but there was a suppressed determination to retain, if possible, the servants of Colonel Coburn, Lieutenant-Colonel Hen- derson, and Wagi r Halbert. Mrs. Coburn, who was present, quickly grasping the situation, suggested that Cobum's and Hender- son's servants be placed in the room where the saddles and harness were stored and covered with them, and Halberfs servant was bid away under the boiler, while the others were sent shoreward. The captain of the boat, thinking that all were sent off, was satisfied. After the other colored servants had been sent adrift, in the confusion incident to such an occasion, the hunters succeeded in capturing, among others, a cook of Company D, who resisted with all his might, but in vain. The mighty hand of the slave power rested upon him, and he was riddled with bullet-. This, too, within sight and almost the presence of the boats loaded with Union troops! But he was only a "nigger!" Only the life of one poor slave had been snuffed out and the mighty force of the Government, under the then existing conditions, was powerless! 72 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD TRIP TO NASHVILLE. The fleet consisted of fifty-four transports and six gunboats, be- - a number of barges. The transports were lashed in pairs, except the mammoth Jacob Strader. The gunboat Lexington took the ad- vance, while another gunboat brought up the rear. The flagship Prioress, containing General Laird and staff and fourteen paymasters, with about $4,000,000 for General Eosecrans's army, was lashed to the Jlazel Dell, containing the signal corps, occupied the center. The column thus formed in close order was about two and one-half miles long. The Thirty-third Indiana, with the rest of the brigade, took passage on the steamers Ella Faber and Horizon, the combined force occupying every available space. The wintry weather made the trip decidedly uncomfortable to many of the men, who were compelled, under the circumstances, to occupy the decks. The fleet reached Fort Donelson the morning after what is known as the "second battle" at that place. It was the intention of Forrest to renew the attack in the morning, but the timely arrival of the gun- boats caused him to change his mind. Immediately four guns fired six hundred shells in the direction of the enemy. The fort was garrisoned by the Eighty-third Illinois, who defeated the enemy after a hard half-day's lighting. Forrest had evidently heard of the approaching fleet, and had he succeeded in capturing the fort would have, probably, materially interfered with its progress. The fleet, however, without any interruption beyond this, reached Nashville on the 7th of February, when the troops disembarked and went into camp near the city, where the second brigade remained until the 21st. On this date the brigade marched to Brentwood and remained till March 2. SITUATION IN INDIANA. The political situation at this time in Indiana was in a great measure embarrassing to the Union cause — to both Governor Morton and President Lincoln. The State Legislature was then in session and hostile to the Union. The soldiers not being permitted to vote in the field, gave both branches of the Legislature into the hands of their enemies, and but for the wisdom and the strong hand of Gov- ernor Morton and some trusted friends, would have seriously damaged the Union cause. Their methods and designs called for immediate action by all interested, and the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indi- ana jointly met in convention for that purpose. The meeting was presided over by Colonel Gilbert, of the Nineteenth Michi- gan. Addresses were made by Colonel Coburn, commanding bri- IMH W A \ (M.I \ I'Kl.i; I \ I ■ \ \ I'RY. 73 gade, and Colonel Utley, of the Twenty-second Wisconsin. A series of resolutions, among oilier things, denounced the Indiana Legislature for "its manifest intention to embarrass the general gov- ernment in prosecuting the war;" also resolved that "we stand really .it 1 he call of the Government to go home, if necessary, and crush out all treasonable combinations which defame the fair name of In- diana/' and also denounced the authorities for not construing the Constitution so as to permit Indiana soldiers to vote in the field, for depriving them of the "priceless and inalienable right of self-gov- ernment." ; I HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTER X. BATTLE OP THOMFSON STATION, TENN. On March 2 Colonel Coburn and command wore stationed at lirent- wood, a station midway between Nashville and Franklin, where he received orders to move his brigade at once to Franklin. The brigade arrived at Franklin at 10 o'clock p. m., and remained in camp all next day (March 3) and at 11 o'clock a. m., Colonel Coburn received the following order from General Gilbert: Headquarters United States Forces. In Camp near Franklin, Tenn., March 3, 1863. Special Order No. 151: ****** VI. Colonel Coburn, with his brigade and battery and six hundred cavalry, will, to-morrow morning at eight o'clock, proceed along the Co- lumbia Pike as far as Spring Hill, and send out a party from there to- ward Columbia and one through to Raleigh Springs, on the Lewisburg pike, where a cavalry force from Murfreesborough will communicate with it on the ensuing day. VII. Col. [A. F.] Campbell will furnish the cavalry from the three regiments. Col. [O. H.] Payne, One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio, with his regiment, will report to Colonel Coburn, to accompany this com- mand. Four days' rations will be taken, two in the haversacks and two in the wagons. A forage train of eighty wagons will accompany the expedition. Only four wagons to the regiment and two to the battery will be allowed. By order of Brig.-Gen. Gilbert. GEO. K. SPEED, Lieut, and Acting A. A. General. The troops composing the expedition consisted of Colonel Coburn's brigade — the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana, Nineteenth Mich- igan, and Twenty-second Wisconsin, together with the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio infantry, six hundred cavalry, detached from the Ninth Pennsylvania, Fourth Kentucky and Second Michigan regiments of cavalry, and the Eighteenth Ohio battery, all under com- mand of Colonel Coburn, and numbering in all 2,837 men and officers. On the morning of the 4th the entire command moved out. The forces were in light marching order, with blankets rolled shot-pouch fashion, no knapsacks or tents — all the men being in jubilant spirits, supposing that they were only going on a foraging expedition. They thought the expedition would be a pleasant diversion from the restraints to which they were subjected while in camp. The weather was cool and favorable, and the road being turnpike the movement was made with great facility. I\|i| \\ A VOLUNTEEB l\ I WTIIY. After advancing aboul four miles they were confronted by a con- siderable force of the enemy with two pieces of artillery. In the dis- positioi] of the troops the cavalry were deployed and advanced to the right of the road, with the Thirty-third [ndiana and Twenty-second Wisconsin, with a section of battery, also, on the right; the One Hun- dred and Twenty-fourth Ohio and Nineteenth Michigan, with two sections of artillery on the Left; the Eighty-fifth Indiana in the rear about a half a mile with the train. While thus stationed an artillery duel was kept up about an hour and one gun of the Eighteenth Ohio battery was dismounted. While the exchange of shots was going on, the Thirty-third Indiana and Twenty-second Wisconsin and Nine- teenth Michigan advanced, when the enemy fell hack and for a time wholly disappeared from sight. It was soon discovered thai the force of the enemy was greater than supposed, when ( lolonel Coburn ordered his forces back to his first position, where they remained about three hours awaiting orders, General Gilbert, in the meantime having been informed of the forces seen in front and flank and their movements. During this time the cavalry, by direction, were examining the strength of the enemy, and in the skirmishing which ensued two men weir slightly wounded. An advance of about two miles was then made, when the troops went into camp for the night, the men being ordered to sleep on their arms. Casualties for the day were: Nine- teenth Michigan, one man slightly wounded; Ninth Pennsylvania cavalry, two slightly wounded. During the night the front was strongly picketed. Captain Day. of Company C. was officer of the -lay. Two negro boys came into the lines and fairly reporting the strength of the enemy. Captain Day at once forwarded them to Colonel Coburn, who, in turn, sent them to General Gilbert on the morning of the 5th, which was the last communication Coburn had with Gilbert. The troops were under arms at 1 o'clock a. m., and in excellent spirits. At 7:30 o'clock a. m. the Thirty-third Indiana moved out in rear of brigade, with a detachment of the Ninth Pennsylvania cavalry in advance. The brigade was inspired with the idea that they were equal to the emergency. Confident of success, they felt as though the enemy would run the same as the day previous. At about 10:30 o'clock a. m., the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana were posted on a high piece of ground north of Thompson Station, supporting two pieces of the Eighteenth Ohio battery, and the Nineteenth Michigan and one wing of the Twenty-second Wis- consin and three guns of the battery on the left, the cavalry on the flanks, the other wing of the Twenty-second Wisconsin in reserve, 76 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD and the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio guarding the train. The enemy now opened upon the brigade with their artillery, and with this exception there was very little firing until 11 o'clock a. m. The enemy having stationed his sharpshooters in the buildings about the depot and a line of skirmishers along the railroad, Colonel Coburn ordered the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana, under command of Colonel Baird, to the station under cover of the buildings with a view of charging the battery, if the outlook was favorable. The move- ment was made with the utmost precision and confidence until they were met by a galling and disastrous fire from behind the stone wall by two brigades of dismounted cavalry. They were compelled to seek shelter and protection behind the railroad embankment with- out, firing a shot. It being now ascertained that the enemy showed too many in numbers, Colonel Baird was ordered back to his orig- inal position on the hill. The return movement was made in open order. The enemy at once took advantage of their exposed position and opened on them with musketry and two pieces of artillery, Jackson's division following in hot pursuit. The regiments, however, reached the crest of the hill in time to enable them to form in line of battle, the Eighty-fifth Indiana to the right of the Thirty-third Indiana, the left of the latter regiment resting near the section of the Eighteenth Ohio battery, when they repulsed the enemy's charge with ease. The enemy then prepared for their second attack and moved forward with apparent confidence, affording a. splendid opportunity for effective work by the Federal battery, but just at that supreme moment the men were informed that it had just left the field. The enemy advanced in an irregular line through the woods from tree to tree. Our troops sought like protection, and in many instances the con- flict became hand to hand. Coburn's brigade held the position firmly and with determination, and a second time repulsed the enemy with great slaughter. The position assigned to the Thirty-third Indiana was held by it until 4 o'clock p. m., repelling with great slaughter three successive charges of the enemy. Once a feint was made to flank it on the right, but Companies A and F were sent to occupy a hill on that flank, driving them back. Colonel Coburn, in summing up the closing scenes of the battle, in his report says: In the meantime, while the enemy were pressing with great violence our right, they bore down with Forrest's division and Armstrong's brigade on our left. The dismounted cavalry on the hills to our left fell back, INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 77 and the rebels planted two pieces of artillery in this position; its fire enfiladed the Nineteenth Michigan, which was directed to change fronl to left. This was followed by a furious assault of dismounted men on our whole left. They were repulsed, and the attack was repeated. The Nineteenth Michigan fell back to the rear of the Twenty-second Wiscon- sin. The rebels were again repulsed. They then charged up the road to gaiD the space between the Thirty-third Indiana and Twenty second Wisconsin. The two companies [A and F] on the extreme right were brought over and drove back the enemy from the left of the Thirty-third Indiana. The Nineteenth Michigan was ordered across the road and placed" to the left. The Eighty-fifth Indiana had already been brought from its position on the right of the Thirty-third and placed to the left of the position occupied by the Nineteenth Michigan. The Twenty-second Wisconsin now fell hack to the left of the Eighty-fifth Indiana and re- tired. The enemy here again made successive :issa tilts along this line, but were repelled and driven off, and several prisoners taken. The battle-flag of Armstrong's brigade was taken by the Nineteenth Michigan, and the enemy were completely routed, although our men were under not only the fire of the musketry, but their artillery now posted near us. where our left lately stood. During the attack on the left, Whitfield and [James W.l Starnes renewed the attack on our right, (the Thirty-third Indiana.) but were again repulsed. As the right was being attacked, and before a serious assault had been made on our left, the cavalry had disappeared. The artillery, under Captain Aleshire followed hastily, although Lieutenants Adams and Bach- man, of my staff, attempted to rally them, put them in position, and thus assist in covering our retreat. The battery was partially put in position in our rear by Lieutenant Adams, but, by the direction of Colonel Jordan and Captain Aleshire, ordered to move off without firing a gun upon the forces which were closing around on our left flank. The force thus falling back took with them the One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio, the ambulance train, the ammunition train, and with it all hope of an orderly retreat or a continued successful resistance or a confused flight, resulting in the utter rout and destruction of the entire command. The enemy at length having been driven from our front at all points and silenced, our ammunition running low, and our train having gone, the brigade was moved to the woods further to our right and rear^ Here they met and attacked Forrest's division, which had gained our rear by coming through the hills on our left, and had been posted behind fences, trees, and other favorable positions, from our left across the road to our right in the rear. [W. T.] Martin's brigade was also on the rear of our right. They occupied the entire opposite slope of a deep ravine which lay directly in our front, and whose precipitous side it would have been diffi- cult to ascend. The brigade was formed in line, bayonets fixed, and all things made ready for a charge, under a galling fire, which cost us some of our best men. The men would willingly have made the venture with- out a shot in their cartridge-boxes. Nothing remained lmt to give the word to charge. > Ills row Y OF THE THIRTY-THIBD As I was convinced that a massacre would ensue to little purpose; that a few might escape, but that many would fall in a vain struggle for life with unequal weapons. I ordered a surrender.* THE SURRENDER. A flag of. truce was raised and General Forresi advanced and the surrender took place at once. Only a very few random shots were fired by stragglers while this took place. The men silently laid down their arms, unloaded and useless, and took off their empty cartridge-boxes, standing in orderly ranks while The enemy approached.. Tims ended suddenly the struggle. Remaining in place, the commanding officers stood to their posts, while the foe advanced taking up their arms. Generals Van Dorn and Forrest came forward, and, greeting Colonel Coburn, the formal words of surrender took place, and in a very few minutes the gallant remainder of the brigade. L,221 in number, were marched off from the field, leaving the dead and wounded there. General Van Dorn asked the name of the commander of the bri- gade, and upon being told that it was Coburn inquired if he was "'Sandy" Coburn, whom he once knew in West Point. On being told I he contrary, he asked from what States the troops came. He was told that they were from Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. General Van Dorn said to his adjutant-general: "These arc northwestern men. Treat them well." And to Colonel Coburn he said: "We are friendly to you northwestern men. We hope the Northwestern Confederacy will soon he organized. The people of that region are naturally our friends and ought to he our allies as they are near neighbors to the Confederates." Colonel Coburn said they were true friends to the Union and had no sympathy with a project for a Northwestern Con- federacy. *The flag of the Thirty-third Indiana, which was captured at the battle of Thompson Statio.11. March 5, 1863, was recaptured in the closing days of the war, and in answer to a letter written to Jerome K. Mullen, of Compauy K, he says: .1. It. McBride: Bakersfield, California. November 19, 1893. Dear Comrade — I received your kind letter this morning and was glad to dear from you. T remember you well. Joseph Swisher, of Williams- port, Warren County, [ndiana, was the man that recaptured the flag. Write to him and he will tell you all. I have the flag with me all the time. J. T. MULLEN. As suggested by Comrade Mullen, the writer communicated with Mr. Swisher, but received no response. What will become of the flag when Mullen dies does not appeal'. INDIANA VOLUNTEEB I \ I' AVI UV. 79 TRIP TO LIBBY PRISON. Immediately following the surrender a bitter altercation of words transpired between Generals Van Dora and Forrest, in the presence of several Confederate officers and Colonel Coburn. Forrest afterward claimed that Van Dorn had grossly insulted him, and the differences between them were never reconciled. Van Dora's keen disappoint- ment at being foiled in his content] lated attack upon Franklin, to- gether with the greal loss Ins own command sustained in killed and wounded, and having captured a much smaller number of prisoners than -lie had anticipated, provoked him into hurrying the men off the field without extending to them any opportunity whatever to ascertain who were killed and wounded. Under rebel escort they proceeded to Spring Hill, passing through the brigades of Generals Forrest, Cosby, Armstrong, Whitfield, Jack- son, and Martin. The march was continued in great haste till mid- night when Columbia was reached, after having marched twenty miles. Here the "parole oath" was administered — a pledge not to take up arms, etc., until properly exchanged. The rations issued to the men consisted, principally, of inferior cornbread, but they were glad to get that. At early dawn the march was continued, going into camp near the village of Lewisburg. A dreary rain added to the discomforts of the night. At noon of I he following day Shelbyville was reached, where a sympathetic feeling prevailed among a large number of the citizens, who, when an opportunity presented itself, gave substantial evidences of their good will. Little girls and boys wcw permitted to mingle with the men ostensibly for the purpose of selling pies and cakes, hut instead would give them to the boys, saying: "Mother sent me not to sell, but to give them away, because you were Union soldiers." The necessit/y of having Confederate money was now apparent, and the mi'i) succeeded in getting handsome sum- by bartering away their watches, knives, or other valuables, which they needed less than some- thing to eat, no rations being now issued to the men by the Confeder- ate authorities. The brigade remained at Shelbyville till late in the day and then went into camp for the night a few miles from the town, and the following morning were hurried to Tullahoma, which place was reached late in the day. This march will be vividly remembered by all who made it. The country was flat and mostly marshy. The rains that had been falling during the week rilled the streams and overflowed adjaoeni territi ry. The bridges were washed away and the mem compelled to wade streams sometimes chin deep. The men 80 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD having been previously subjected to all the hardships possible — with so little- subsistence, Loss of rest, etc.- -their movements were exceed- ingly slow and toilsome. Upon reaching Tullahoma the men were turned into a vacant lot like a herd of cattle, which had formerly been used as a corral for nudes until the mud bad become so deep that they had to be removed. The surroundings were gloomy and foreboding. With a chilling March wind, worn out from travel, drenched with water to the skin, being poorly supplied with the necessary fuel for cooking and heat- ing purposes, and surrounded by heartless guards, is it a wonder that endurance almost failed them? Is it a wonder that they were awe-stricken, and inquired, "Can such things be possible?" Such evidences of malignity, such an evident determination to humiliate and physically destroy human life, and apparently with a studied purpose, was ravel; . known before in civilized warfare. James (',. Bain, of Company C, in describing the condition of things, said: How the night was passed it is hard to tell and harder to believe; but each little pile of smoking chunks was surrounded with as many soldiers as could huddle about it, and while they took turns on their hands and knees puffing and blowing the fire to keep it alive, the others would form a circle, one behind the other, and as close as they could get and march thus in close order round and round the fire, the dense smoke of which would gradually infuse a little warmth into the inside of the circle, and the tramping would keep up the circulation, and when the side away from the fire became so chilled they could stand it no longer they would about face, bringing the outside to the inside and continue the tramping round and round until compelled to change again. As they would become exhausted, they would slip out of the circle, one and two at a time, and tumble down on the little piles of brush in the mud and at once drop to sleep; but they had to be watched, and after sleeping ten or fifteen minutes had to be aroused and forced into line to keep from freezing to death. About 10 o'clock p. m., a half pint of meal was issued to each man, but no vessels nor means of cooking it were provided. Some of the boys who had tin cups, dipped up nasty, dirty water from holes in the inclosure and tried to make mush, but there wasn't fire enough to more than warm it, and most of them ate their meal dry, and hungered for more. Before mid- night the rain ceased and it turned colder, and later in the night "spit" snow, until by morning the mud was frozen a quarter or half an inch deep. The officers fared better, being separated and quartered in a ware- house. BRAGG'S INHUMAN ORDER. On the following morning the men were marched to the tram winch was In take (bein to Chattanooga, but before departing both officers and men were further subjected to the indignity of being stripped of I \ III W \ Vol. I NTEEB l\ F LNTR1 . 8] t heir overcoats, Leggings, knapsacks, and extra clothing by the provosl marshal. 'I Ins so aroused the ire of Colonel Coburn thai he demanded to know by whose authority this was done. The reply of Colonel McKinstry, provosl marshal-general, was, "By order of General Bragg, in retaliation for an order of General Rosecrans, stripping Federal uniforms from our soldiers."* Coburn answered, "Strip oil any n be! uniform found on us."' adding, •"that this was a cowardly and bar- barous act, and the men engaged in it deserved hanging." lie insisted on being allowed to see and talk to General Bragg and prevailed on Colonel McKinstry to go to Bragg's headquarters, winch were in plain view, lie went and returned, in a short time, saying that General Bragg refused to he seen, on account of the sickness of his wife, fur- ther remonstrance was unavailing. *The following letter of General Rosecrans on this subject fully shows the absurdity of General Bragg's claim: Headquarters Department of the Cumberland. Murfreesborough, June 10, 18(53. Major-General Halleck, General-in-Chief: General— The copy of General Bragg's letter justifying the stripping of Coburn's brigade of their clothing as an act of retaliation for similar outrages perpetrated by our troops on his prisoners has been received with your indorsement requesting from me a report on your practice toward their prisoners. I regret to say, after full consideration of all the possible or probable grounds for making such assertions by General Bragg, that in my opinion a statement more radically at variance with the truth was never written. When I remonstrated with General Bragg for robbing the Hartsville pris- oners of their blankets and overcoats in December last he stated that he had done so following a very bad precedent set by our ti'oops and admitted by our officer in command of the Hartsville troops. I replied that mo such conduct was sanctioned, nor did I believe that there had been any such practice; that so far as my information went, we had, on the con- trary, furnished their prisoners when destitute (as they usually are when taken) with clothing and blankets to prevent their suffering. But sub- sequently called on the officer whom Bragg alleges to have admitted the existence of the bad practice and learned from him that General Bragg's statement was one of those tricky misrepresentations by a play on words which have marked that general's correspondence with me, as will appear in his letters herewith inclosed. The officer said.: "'If such has been the practice I suppose we should not complain." 1. I now assure you that no order or permission, expressed or implied, has ever authorized the stripping of prisoners taken from the enemy, of their blankets or clothing. 2. That I never heard of a single instance of such conduct nor has any general of* whom I have inquired ever heard of an instance of such strip- ping of prisoners of their overcoats, blankets, or other clothing by troops of this command, nor do we believe that there have been any such in- (6) 82 BISTORT? OK THE THIRTY-THIRD Immediately after the battle Lieut-Col. James Gordon, with his Fourth Mississippi cavalry, which regiment had suffered the most in battle, was detailed as an escorl for the prisoners. Gordon said thai stances in any public manner or with any official sanction whatever, nor have I heard of any of those acts of private robbery, which must some- times occur. 3. I believe that when General Bragg made the statement he knew ii was not true in the sense in which he knew his words would be taken. 4. Neither General Bragg nor any other Confederate officer has ever reported to me a single instance of any such practice nor asked for any redress. 5. General Bragg's assertion that orders had been issued stripping his men of their pantaloons and pronouncing the death penalty on those who wear the urn i form "prescribed by our (meaning, as I suppose, the Confederate) Government," is confronted by the inclosed general order No. 16, which you will see is against those and those only who, with less magnanimity than savages, sneak up to our lines disguised in our own uniform. If the Confederate Government has adopted our uniform, then General Bragg's statement may be correct and the responsibility— doing what the savages scorn to do, stealing the marks of other tribes— belongs to his Government. But if, as I believe, they have not been guilty of authorizing any such cowardly deceit, then the responsibility of making a false assertion rests on General Bragg and is in keeping with his official course on other matters. 6. I have to say that General Bragg's cavalry have sneaked in behind their own flag of truce and captured our pickets in its presence. He has been furnished with official evidence thereof and made no reparation. That he has been officially furnished with list of personal property robbed from thirty-eight of our surgeons at the battle of Stone's River and given neither redress nor excuse; that he has been informed that Wheeler's cavalry robbed even our wounded soldiers on the hospital boat at Harpeth Shoals of their blankets, medicines, food, and pocket money and given no redress; that they stripped our dead on the field at Stone's River and gave no excuse; that their guerrilla cavalry rob private persons of their clothing, money, and other valuables whenever they attack our railroad trains without scruple or, so far as I know, any official disapprobation. Official reports of these transactions having been sent from time to time for the information of the War Department, the forwarding of dupli- cate copies thereof with this communication is deemed unnecessary. I am determined to deal most justly and humanely with our enemies, but I solemnly affirm that while there are many shining examples of individual chivalry and honor among them. I have found the prevailing character- istics of their official con duel like that of General Bragg's letter to his own Government, wanting not only in magnanimity, but in regard for truth and .justice. I have the honor to be. General, very respectfully, your most obedient servant, W. S. ROSECRANS, Major-General, Commanding. [NDIANA VOLUNTEEE IM'WTKY. 83 they did the besl they could under the circumstances, and hinted thai the boys would find before they got through that they had been very considerate, as "from now on they would be in charge of guards who know nothing of soldiering ai the front, and therefore would not appreciate a gallant foe." It is but due to him and his command to say that they had nothing to do with the mistreatmenl of the prisoners after they had reached Tullahoma. If any hope had existed among the men thai they would receive a solitary amenity (\u<' them as prisoners of war, tin 1 last gleam had now departed. Without a vestige of surplus clothing, tin' men were placed on tlat or open ears and compelled to submil to all the incon- veniences incident, to that mode of traveling. After remaining at Chattanooga one dap and night, at the requesl of Colonel Coburn, privilege was granted allowing the surgeons to look after the sick and wounded, ('apt. Charles Seaton, of Company A. a physician, did everything possible for the relief of the sick during the trip. It was impossible to get all the necessary supplies, bu1 whatever was possible was done, yet a number died from wounds and exposure. Tlie next place reached was Knoxville, and Colonel Coburn, in his report, says: For a few hours the Union people of Knoxville were allowed to bring provisions to us and converse with us, but the rebel citizens became infuriated at this and drove the soldiers away. We were guarded in a muddy open space, where part of the prisoners lay or stood all night, although there was shelter in abundance near by, consisting of large sheds and depots. Here the exposures of our march began to tell fright- fully on the men. Some could go mo farther and were left. Others, by their haggard look and decrepit gait, testified that the hand of death would soon remove them from us. Inexorable as the gallows that had stood for two years by the railroad in the city of Knoxville for the execution of Union men, were the hearts of rebel officers. At Bristol, Ten ne-see. the men were turned off the ears to lie again upon the damp and muddy ground, recently overflowed by a creek, while there was ample shelter in large sheds and warehouses near the railroad. Here some of the dead were buried, and the sick were urged to hold out till a more humane community could be reached. When Lynchburg, Virginia, was readied the men were quartered in the fair grounds in open sheds, remaining there three or four days. James A. McGinnis and Calvin P>. York, of Company A, were buried here. Poor Cal. had been shot in the shoulder while the regiment was making its lasl charge — a serious wound, hut he would not admit it. lie said it was his determination "to stay with the boys to the end." 84 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD He surrendered at Last to death by the inhuman treatment of an un- generous foe. McGinnis died of fever and exposure. HORRORS OF PRISON LIFE. On Tuesday, March 16, the prisoners left Lynchburg for Richmond. \\ 'liilc enroute the train was delayed until the following Saturday, the 20th, in the mountains and surrounded by a dense pine forest, during which time the snow had fallen to the depth of twelve or fifteen inches, and the men had no fire, no shelter, and the food and water were exhausted. Oh Sunday, March 21, 1863, just fifteen days from date of capture, the famous, or rather infamous, Libby prison was sighted. Upon entering the prison every man was duly registered, and searched for money, arms, or anything of value. Each man, however, if he was fortunate to have money, was allowed to retain $5.00, and when that was exhausted he was permitted to subsequently check out not more than that amount each time. The men did not expect to be treated like guests at a hotel— in fact, they had made up their minds to get the treatment they did, for the fame of Libby had previously been heralded throughout the army. The stories that had been told about the mistreatment of Union soldiers had not been exaggerated. The men were crowded into the prison. The water used for drinking and cooking purposes was reeking with tilth. Meats furnished them had to be frequently par- boiled to relieve it in some degree of the taint caused by the spoiling process. With the meat they issued some peas and flour to make soup. This was their allowance every forty-eight hours, but it was all consumed at one meal, when the men would feel reasonably good for an hour or two. when they would again become hungry and remain so until the forty-eight hours had expired, excepting those who were fortunate enough to have Confederate money. They were enabled to buy extras from hucksters, although at fabulous prices. Once the water was cut off lor two days, and as the pea soup was like brine the effect was very disastrous even to the strongest. Noah Hadley, of Company C, died a few days after, March 27, from the effects of drinking too much filthy water after the supply had again been re- stored, while many more were made sick. Not having any change of clothing and denied water for cleansing purposes, they had become so vermin-infested that it was almost im- possible to get any rest, and then only when nature would become totally exhausted. Those of the prisoners who had esthetic and artistic tastes would devote what time they could in carving orna- ments out of beef bones. All had the opportunity to write letters to I \ HI \\ A 70LUNTEEB 1 \ FANTRT. 85 friends and loved ones al home, bill none of the Letters were ever for- warded. The guards, as a rule, were insolent. The stifling air, the contaminated rations of food and water, and the scarcity of even that, after having been subjected the previous fifteen days to cruel treat- ment by constant exposure to inclement weather incident to the trip from the battlefield to Libby, it was no wonder that many of them died. The wonder is i hal any of them lived. The lirst squad of the brigade- aboul LOO were paroled on the 1st day of April, and the remainder followed during the next two weeks. As the prospeci of release and a speedy return to their homes became an assured fact, there was a corresponding increase in the cheerfulness of the men. The boa! Metamora transported them from City Point to Annapolis, and thence to Baltimore on the North America. First receiving a new outfit of clothing, they were then for- warded bo Camp (liasc, Ohio, after traveling three days and four nights, and from there to their homes in Wisconsin, Michigan, and Indiana. The officers were exchanged on May 5, after being prisoners two months. They were taken to City Point, where they were put on board the steamer State of Maine, bound for Baltimore. The new condition of things brought better treatment. The sick and wounded were placed in hospitals and anxiously cared for, but some were too emaciated, totally wrecked in health, and died, victims of the accursed treatment received while prisoners. Many of the bey- were so prostrated they could scarcely be removed, but with each succeeding transfer they became more buoyant in spirit, and many were apparently restored to their former health. Andy Algier and Cyrus Bone, of Company D, fell victims to ex- posure, the former dying April 1 on the boat, and the latter died in hospital at Annapolis, Maryland, April 14. Samuel Elliott, of Com- pany I; John Deegan and Henry Matthews, of Company G; J. W. Dent, of Company E; Noah Hadley, of Company C; James A. Mc- Ginnis, of Company A, and Bedford Smith, of Company — , all died of exposure. Of the Thirty-third Indiana nine died of exposure. Twenty-second "Wisconsin lost sixteen from same cause, and the Nine- teenth Michigan and Eighty-fifth Indiana lost thirty each, making a total of eighty-five in the brigade lost by exposure while prisoners. LIEUTENANT HILL'S EXPERIENCE. The night after the battle, with dying men all around me, and myself wounded to death, as I then thought, suffering the most excru- ciating pain, with no friend to offer assistance, certainly was the saddest experience of my life, and I found it impossible to reconcile 86 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD myself to my hard fate, but by some strange provision of Providence the "chilly winds are tempered to the shorn lamb," and later on we were with some degree of composure enabled to endure what at first seemed to be crushing and unbearable. My wound was from the first considered to be of the most serious nature. In fact, the surgeons who first examined it said I had an "effectual call." For the first two months — one month at Columbia and one at Pulaski — the hospitals were of a temporary character and seemed to be under the control of the ladies of those towns. Some days we were fairly well provided for and some days entirely neglected. It depended upon who was on duty. Of course we soon became inter- ested in the roster. There were some noble women in both of these towns. Conspicuous among them at Columbia was the widow of ex-President Polk, who was a frequent visitor, and who will be remembered by many of our men for her kind acts. At Pulaski there was a Mrs. Jackson, a lady of culture and refine- ment. She was also wealthy and influential and deserves especial mention for her kindness. She visited us almost daily and every morning sent delicacies from her own table to those who most needed them. Once, in the goodness of her heart, she asked us if we would not like to have a minister to come in and offer prayer. We all ex- pressed a willingness and desire to have one come. So next morning she brought a young Methodist preacher with her to petition the Throne of Grace in our behalf. He had not gone far, however, before he began to give the Lord a very unsavory account of the character of the subjects of his prayer, stigmatizing us as murderers, incendiaries, and thieves. He admitted, however, that the provisions of the atonement were broad enough to cover all of our sins, and that Christ in the plenitude of His mercy might even save us. At the close of the prayer one man, who, perhaps, had never been "born again," and who occupied a place in the corner (not the amen corner, I pre- sume, from the remark he made), ejaculated, with a good degree of fervor and emphasis: "We don't want any more such praying as that here." Mrs. Jackson was greatly mortified and so ex- pressed herself at the close of the prayer. The preacher justified him- self by contending that we were not only the enemies of society, but that we were their personal enemies. When we were on our way to Eichmond, the train stopped a short time at Decatur, Alabama, which place had been nearly destroyed by our troops a year before. Some citizens came aboard the train and vented their spite on us, declaring they felt strongly inclined to INDIAN \ VOLUNTEER [NFANTRY. 81 take us out and hang as like dogs, and so it was at Chattanooga. While waiting at the depot, some hangers-on wanted to make short work of ns. and said they were only held in restraint by the military. At Kno.willc we slaved over nighi and had to walk quite a distance from the depot in our quarters. Most of our number were on crutches, and ad of us lilt 1 1 \ and ragged ami Little better than so many dried skeletons. A.s wo went shuffling along the sidewalk, every indecenl gibe and ribald jesl that could he thought id' was heaped upon us. 1 promised myself if 1 struck thai place during the war i would burn thai quarter of the town. In justice to the active and fighting element of the Confederacy 1 must say we were seldom mistreated by them. but we did dread to be left in the hands of the non-combatants. When we first arrived at Libby, only a few were in the hospital. Quite an accession to our numher came in a few days later from the Held of Chancellorsville. They were eastern troops, well dressed, and had plenty of money, but they were not inclined to mix with us. About the same time a Missouri captain was brought in, wdio had been blown up in attempting to run the blockade at Vicksburg, and had been picked up while clinging to a bale of hay in the river. He had nothing on his person but his socks, pants, and a red flannel shirt. but to our great delight he had a pocketful of money and was gener- ously disposed to share it with us. We had not a cent of money. Captain Puckett, of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, and I were all that were together at Richmond. I was in Libby only about three weeks, and ten days more there would have ended my life. I was worn out and starved. My flesh was all wasted away, and lice literally swarmed all over me. The surgeon on board the vessel at City Point said the lice would have killed me in another week if nothing else had been the matter. Being wounded in both shoulders, I could not comb my hair or wash my face, or take care of myself in any way. There was no time when I could not walk when helped up. Otherwise I was entirely helpless, and often had difficulty in finding some one to help me up. To a man of my constitutional make-up, and wounded as I was, my experience as a prisoner was terrible in the extreme, and there was no time in my captivity when I would not gladly have discounted one-half my life for my freedom. I have always been under the impression that I was in the last company of prisoners that w r as exchanged before the suspension of the cartel in 1863, and I know that I was the last man on that list. There were not many of us, and we lay on the James river, at City Point, all day. We understood the commissioners had a quarrel and we came near beimj sent back. Finally an agreement had been effected. 88 HISTORY OF TUi: THIRTY-THIRD The name of a Confederate and Federal soldier was called. One would start for the vessel, the other from the wharf, and pass each other, and thus the exchange was effected. At length 1 was the only man left on the shore. It seemed an age. Then the name of a Confederate lieutenant was called, and (hen my name. We met half way. He was dressed in butternut and was on crutches, and withal was a tolerably hard-looking specimen of humanity, but my own personal appearance was infinitely worse. 1 have often thought since what that fellow thought of me. I never knew until that moment the full meaning of that emblem of American liberty, the American Flag, and when I walked under its folds and felt myself under its protection, it was certainly the happiest moment of my life. PRIVATE HARVEY BAKERS EXFERIENCE. 1 Jay on the battlefield till 12 o'clock at night when four colored men carried me to a school-house, where I remained until 6 o'clock a. m., and was then taken to Spring Hill. At night, with eight other wounded men, 1 was removed in a wagon to Columbia. We traveled all night in a dreary rain, reaching Duck river about daylight; crossed on a ferry-boat, hut in doing so the rope broke and the boat drifted down stream about one-fourth of a mile, where we landed, and reached Columbia on the 8th. During my stay at Columbia forty-three men had either their arms or legs amputated, of whom forty died. Had it not been for the interference of some ladies my leg would have been amputated, ami it was through the kindness of these sameladies that 1 was enabled to again reach the Onion line-. My meals were generally supplied by the loyal ladies of Columbia and consisted chiefly of mush. L did, however, have one good meal. Captain Puckett, a sick Confederate, occupied a room near mine. He was generously taken care of by friends. His room was not generally known by the servants, and on one occasion one of them, with a steaming hot dinner, stopped at my room and inquired for Captain Puckett. I claimed the honor of being said captain, and the result was that 1 was favored with the first and only "square" meal during my sojourn in rebel hands. WHO WAS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE DEFEAT? The defeat of Colonel Coburn's brigade was a misfortune, elimi- nating, as it did, though temporarily, one of the very best brigade- in the army. The stubborn fight the brigade made doubtless saved from capture franklin, the extreme right of Kosecrans' army, and possibly the troops stationed there, as the presence of Van Dorn would have been a surprise, and the garrison, prior to the arrival INDIANA VOL I Nil IK INFANTRY. 89 of Coburn's brigade, was nol strong enough to make a successful resistance. The gallanl stand made by the brigade gave the Federals time to strengthen the position b\ the addition of new troops. The turning <>f this flank would have seriously exposed Nashville and Murfreesborough. In summing ap the parts taken in the engagement by the several responsible commanding officers it is nol the purpose to deal with mere speculative theories, but to proi i:ce tacts, gleaned from and sustained h\ the general order under which I 'olonel Coburn' was act- ing and the actual conditions existing at the time of and immediately preceding the engagement. General Gilbert, in his order directing the expedition, did not order Colonel Coburn to "verify the accuracy of the number and position of the enemy," as stated by some critics, nor did he in any manner give him such instructions. On the contrary, he (Gilbert) positively stated to Colonel Coburn that there was "nobody in front except General Forrest in command of about 1,800 men." If he knew or had ird of any body of rebels out in front, except Forrest's command, he made a false statement to Coburn, which is improbable. He not only stated once to Colonel Coburn that "nobody except Forrest, in command of about 1,800 men," was in front, but emphasized the statement by reiteration. That he was most positive in this statement is evidenced by this clause in his general order, which he certainly would not have issued if he had knowledge of the presence of Van Dorn's army — six brigades — at Spring Hill. The clause is, "Go first day to Spring Hill, divide your force, leave half there, take the other half to Raleigh Springs, and stay there awhile and return." This, in itself, was enough to create the impression that Gilbert (who had superior knowledge of the conditions to Coburn, who had but the day before arrived with his command from Nashville) was well convinced that there was no considerable force of the enemy out in front. However, without expressed instructions, oral or written, to report the strength of the enemy, Colonel Coburn did not neglect to do so, as he had advised General Gilbert on the 4th, in three sep- arate dispatches, as follows: First.— I think it unsafe, for the teams at least. Second.— They (the enemy) have disappeared in front and are now flan-king us on the left. They are now nearer than we are to Franklin. What shall we do? I think we can advance, hut there will he at once a force in our rear. Third.— A rehel force variously estimated at from 1.000 to 3,000 is on Lewisburg pike two miles to our right. * * * I think it important they he not allowed to go to our rear, but have not force enough to 90 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD prevent it. I can not afford to scatter two miles to the left or right with a doubtful prospect of success. It is here shown that on the first day the possible strength of the enemy made it hazardous for Colonel Coburn to execute that clause in the order, although he had not yet reached Spring Hill, which required him to divide his force. Thus it will be seen that General Gilbert was promptly advised, and Colonel Coburn's disclosures of the probable strength of the enemy were enough to justify him in sending out reinforcements as early as the evening of the 4th. On the morning of the 5th a couple of black boys reported to Colonel Coburn that Van Dorn was with his force in front. This was the first intimation that his presence was made known to Colonel Coburn, who. at once sent them to General Gilbert, and still the latter would not send the needed reinforcements. No response coming from General Gilbert of any kind, there was nothing left to Colonel Coburn but to proceed, if possible, to Spring Hill, as defined in the order. Without modifying the order or sending reinforcements, General Gilbert had put Colonel Coburn in a dilemma from which there was no escape. Coburn said to his staff officers: "I am going ahead. I have no option in the matter. My orders are imperative, and I must go on or show cowardice." In the preceding pages it has been shown how stubborn the contest was, and during all this time General Gilbert was apparently uncon- cerned in his cjuarters at Franklin. So well was he informed of the stubborn contest going on in his front that he telegraphed General Garfield: "Colonel Coburn lias not made much progress along the Columbia pike. I can hear his guns not far off, probably not more than six miles." The grave error that General Gilbert committed was in not rein- forcing Colonel Coburn, and this fact was not overlooked by General Rosecrans when one of his staff officers telegraphed Gilbert: "The General directs me to say that he regrets exceedingly that you did not support Coburn and help to bring off the infantry." In his zeal to make Colonel Coburn a "scapegoat," General Gilbert did not strengthen his own position. He was relieved of his command and rank as brevet major-general and assumed his former rank as captain in the regular army, afterward serving as provost marshal at Louisville, Kentucky, until September, 1863, and then, until the close of the war he served as mustering and disbursing officer at some point in the East. The commanding officer has to depend largely, if not altogether, upon the reports made to him by scouts, which generally consist of |\IHA\A VOLUNTEEB [NFANTKT. 91 cavalry. The statement thai Genera] Gilberi made to Colonel Coburn that only "Forrest, with about 1,800 men," was in front was no doubt based entirely upon information given him by the officers in command of the scouts. For the several preceding days the cavalry bad been supposed to be looking for the enemy, and the Pact thai Van Dora was less than twelve miles distant makes it appear thai the cavalrj scouts, in thai particular, were derelict in their duty. This same cavalry, iindeT coin mand of Colonel Jordan, was placed ai t he disposal of ( !olonel < !oburn, and he, like General Gilbert, had to depend largely upon Colonel Jordan for information. It is not evident thai the cavalry had dis- covered the enemy in force or that they made any especial effort in that direction, as the position and force of the enemy was not known to Colonel Coburn until his brigade of infantry was confronted by it on the morning of the 5th. Not until then was it known that "For- rest with his 1,800 men" served as a curtain only, covering Van Dorn and all his force for the purpose of a sudden attack on Gilbert's com- mand. The cavalry, under command of Colonel Jordan, on the 5th was of no real service to Colonel Coburn, for at no time did they make a vigorous demonstration to ascertain information sought by Coburn. Colonel Jordan, in his report, says: "I was ordered by Colonel Coburn to call in my cavalry and form it in such position as to cover his retreat." Colonel Coburn never gave him such an order, but, on the contrary, ordered him to "go to the left and press forward and find the location of the enemy.''" This he did not do. Neither the cavalry nor the artillery made the necessary show of resistance, especially at the supreme moment, but sought safety in a cowardly flight, taking with them an infantry regiment (One Hundred and Twenty-fourth Ohio) and the ammunition train. These facts are well sustained. General Van Dorn, in his report of the fight at this stage in the contest, which was long before the surrender, says: The Federal cavalry, with one regiment of infantry, after offering some resistance to General Forrest, taking their battery and baggage, preeipitantly left the field. The resistance offered by the cavalry was, indeed, so slight that no reference is made to it in any of the reports of the Confederate officers, and the infantry regiment had not fired a gun, and Colonel Coburn, in his report, says that "the infantry (his brigade) held the spot covered by the battery two hours after it left." 92. HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD In fact, the cavalry and artillery left the field so early in the fight that they became a reminiscence to those who remained to the finish. Gen. Absa]om Baird, division commander, in his report of March 11, 1863, says: With very few exceptions our troops fought with great gallantry, not- withstanding the overwhelming numbers of the enemy, and Colonel Coburn exhibited the utmost coolness, determination, and good judgment during the fight. Colonel Coburn, in his report, says: That a colonel (referring to Jordan) of cavalry and a captain (referring to Aleshire) should without orders and against orders leave the field with their entire commands, in haste, and without notice to me, at the very moment when they should have put forth their greatest exertions to repel the enemy rushing upon us, and carry also with them an infantry regiment) on duty as a reserve, with the train and with all our ammuni- tion, was a contingency against which human foresight could not provide, and left the surrounded and unflinching men, who withstood the storm, no alternative but a disgraceful and fatal flight, or do as they did— fight till further resistance was vain. * * * If reinforcements had come, even amounting to a single regiment and battery, I am confident our withdrawal could have been handsomely effected. * * * To the firm- ness with which, our position was held is due the safety of those who retreated to Franklin, holding the enemy at least two hours on the very ground which they had left. Lieut. H. B. Adams, A. A. G. of Colonel Coburn's staff, says: All my efforts were unavailing, however, and the battery started off in full retreat, the section on the right coming down at that moment, and, as I suppose, without orders. I very soon met Colonel Jordan, command- ing the cavalry, and asked him if something could not be done to assist the infantry. He replied, "We are doing about all that can be done," while at that very instant everything was moving off. Similar testimony is also found in the reports of Lieutenant Bach- man, A. A. Q. M. of Coburn's staff; Col. John P. Baird, of the Eighty- fifth Indiana; Col. H. C. Gilbert, of the Nineteenth Michigan, and Col. W. L. Utley, of the Twenty-second Wisconsin. Following is what General Van Dorn says took place after the cavalry and artillery had "precipitantly left the field:" Forrest and Armstrong, and General Jackson, with his entire division, charged in' the most gallant manner upon the enemy, who were strongly posted on the hill from which they had formerly repulsed the Texas brigade. After a fierce struggle for the crest of the hill, our troops were again 1 . driven down it, and with considerable loss. Here the enemy's successful advance was checked by King's battery, which, with grape and canister., drove them back with great slaughter over the hills. * * * Once more\ and for the last time, our brave troops, under command of Generals Jackson and Armstrong and Colonel Whitfield, rushed up the now blood-stained eminence, which had been so long and so obstinately INDIANA VOLUNTEEB INFANTRY. 93 contested, and at this time the enemy retired before (hem. Kind's battery- was advanced to the top and opened fire upon the retreating line. General Forrest had now gained il iiemy's rear and charged, when, after firing a few volleys, they threw down their arms and surrendered. Statement of Casualties of th Confederal Forces, as Gleaned From General Van Dorn's Official Report. Killed. Wounded Missing. COMMANDS. V. 9 o -3 c 3 03 53 o EG CD . J s s 3 o EG C 1 a jrt CD c 3 W Forkfkt's Brigade — Biflle's Re i merit 1 5 1 1 15 8 9 18 3 21 Cox's Ke<;i merit 10 Edmonson's Kegiment 9 Third Fourth) Tennes>ee 2 3 23 Met ami's Battalion 2 5 1 1 1 Total 8 5 53 1 2 2 ( > Martin's First Division. Cosby' Bri jape — First Missi sippi 1 Twenty eijjhh Mississippi •> — 3 24 35 14 10 ., Jackson's Second Division. Armstrong's Brigade — 3 3 9 (i 2 4 2 2 8 1 4 4 5 34 46 Saunder's Battalion 1 21 Jenkin's (Alabama) Squadron 14 4 1 Total 20 6 2 9 lil 83 24 31' 15 54 2 115 34 Whitfield's Brigade — Third Texas Sixth Texas 36 Ninth Texas 1 2 i 1 6 9 23 Whitfield s Legion Total 4 9 14 123 i i 170 Grand total 47 27 262 11 357 Casualties among Confederate officers: Killed, 1 colonel, 3 captains, and 5 lieutenants. Mortally wounded, 1 lieuetenant-colonel and 2 captains. Wounded, 6 captains and 17. lieutenants. Total, 35. 94 HISTORY OF Till; TIIIKTY-THIKD Statement Showing Casualties of Federal Troops Engaged. -a Wounded j. Total Killed, Wounded and M issing. a5 6 w s "3 © COMMANDS. 15 3 3 Ji 1 .SP 53 GO OS a 33d Indiana ■ 17 •20 13 1 2 14 13 1 32 19 42 21 6 37 100 20 113 34 7 13 9 16 30 30 109 42 143 64 7 13 Officers 3 22d Wisconsin Officers 2 liith Michigan 37 1 8">th Indiana < 'fficers 4 Mth Pennsylvania Cavalry. 2d Michigan Cavalry 5 5 No loss. 124th Ohio No loss. JKih Ohio Battery No loss. 60 Total 28 120 84 1 293 85 378 *The following is not official nor complete: Company A.— Killed: Private George W. Allison. Died of wounds: Sergt. Calvin B. York. Wounded: Lieut. James Simpson, Sergt. W. A. Dilley, Corporals James C. Hunter and Thomas W. Johnson, Privates John Jones, Henry C. Kirkham, Chris. Judson, and Joseph Lamb. Died of exposure: Private James McGinnis. Company B.— Not in battle. Company C— Killed: C orporal Robert Rowan a nd Privates W. L. Taylor, (George TV. McKi nley and_ Jjihu jY\ HinsoUL) Died of wounds: Isaac Park. Wounded ^A'apt. Charles Day, Corporal George W. Busbee, Privates James C. Farr, John Hardwick, Martin Brady, James M. Car- penter, Isaac Staatzell, B. F. Garrison, James F. Medaris, Theodore Gless- ner, John Fry and James G. Bain. Died of exposure: Private Noah Hadley. Company D.— Killed: Corporals Benjamin F. Queen and James Gil- lard. Died of wounds: Privates B. F. Coalscott, Memory Phillips, and David A. Yaughan. Wounded: Sergt. Jacob Moore, Corporals James A. Comstock, James Young, James Husted, A. N. Miller, Privates Jacob Brown, Lackey Conlin, Oscar Crank. William Thornburg, and James Burgen. Died of exposure: Privates Andrew Alger aind Cyrus Bone. Company E. — Killed: Sergt. John R. Steele. Died of wounds: Corporal r. V. Anderson. Privates James Fullenwider and Rufus M. Phillips. Wounded: Lieut. James N. Hill, Corporal Cyrus Killough and Private Thomas B. Evans. Died of exposure: J. W. Dent. Company F.— Killed: Privates Thomas Shannon, Anthony Baker, and Andrew Jones. Died of wounds: Private William McClurkin. Wounded: Privates John ' McClurkin, Reed Bruner, John S. Heslie, and James C. McClurkin. Company G.— Killed: Privates Henry Wagner, Thomas Stanley, and Henry H. Walker. Died of wounds: Private Jeptha McConinell. INDIANA VOL I NTI'I'.i; INI'ANTKY. 95 At do time did Colone] Coburn have more than 2,000 men engaged, while the disappearance of the cavalry, battery, and a battalion of the Twenty-second Wisconsin, Lefl less than 1,500. The total number captured, as per order issued by Genera] Bragg, was 1,221, which included 73 commissioned officers. Wounded: Privates Elias T. Brickerton, George W. Owens, Joseph Hester, William Rowand, Richard Hickenbottom, Haley D. Davis, and Henry C. Nolting. Died of exposure: Privates John Deegan and Henry Matthews. Company H.— Killed: Corporal Wiley B. Baker and Private W. J. Smith. Wounded: Privates Harvey Baker, A. J. Baker, Caleb Filer, Daniel Yount, Alvin D. May, and Henry Burkhart. Company I.— Killed: Corporal William Patzell. Died of wounds: Privates Charles Brindle, A. D. Alexander, and Samuel Elliott. Wounded: Privates Hilry L. Burcham, John Baker, William Owens, Benjamin Fow- ler, Walter Miller, and Henry Holder. Company K— Killed: Private John W. Draper. Died of wounds: Privates William Frazier, Julius Kiefer, and George Thomasson. Wounded: Lieut. J. W. Slaughter, Privates William Berner, W. W. Williams. Thomas J. Goodwine. Benjamin Anderson, and George W. Watson. 96 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIKD CHAPTEE XT. VAN DORN ATTACKS FRANKLIN. The detachment of the Thirty-third Indiana that was not in the tight at Thompson Station numbered about two hundred men, includ- ing Company B. It was stationed on Rosser's Knob, about one mile north of Franklin, and under command of Capt. John T. Freeland, of Company B, excepting a detail that was stationed in Fort Granger to aid in manning the siege guns, and who were actively engaged when the garrison was attacked by Van Dorn. As already stated, Franklin was on the extreme right of Rosecrans' army and was the key to Nashville. As long as the Union troops held it, that long Nashville was in no immediate danger. When Van Dorn so unexpectedly confronted Coburn's brigade at Thompson Station he contemplated an attack on Franklin. This conflict postponed the attack until April 10, thereby giving the Federals ample time to reinforce the small number of troops stationed there. Van Dorn, with a force variously estimated at from ten to eighteen thousand, attacked the garrison with his usual dash and energy. General Granger, having been previously informed of his movements and intentions, posted his troops so that successful resistance was made at all points of attack, although having at his command a much less number of men. Some of the enemy forced themselves. through our lines and into Franklin, but they never returned, all being either killed or captured. Van Dorn made the attack under the mistaken belief that the infantry had been removed to Nashville and that the only force left at Franklin was a small body of cavalry, guarding a large collection of commissary and quartermaster's stores that had not at that time been removed. A number of houses in Franklin had been used by the Union forces as hospitals, and many of the sick who were convalescing barely had time to reach the north side of Harpeth river. Capt, W. T. Crawford, of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, was one of these, and just as as he was about to cross the bridge, he was halted and surrounded by five rebel cavalrymen, who demanded his sword. The captain asked, "By what authority?" They replied with an oath, "By the Confederate author- ity. Surrender your sword at once or I will blow out your brains." The captain said, "Well, if you must have my sword I sup- pose I will have to surrender it," One of them was in the act of reaching for the captain's sword while another commanded him to ROM A PHOTOGRAPH TAKEN AT THE AGE OF COL. JOH N COBURN, INDIANAPOLIS. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 97 iiioimi the horse behind him, which the captain declined In do. The rebel then said, "Then I shall leave your body here," and was in the act of shooting him, when the captain knocked the revolver to one side with his walking-stick. The proceedings were observed by our men in the fort, and in an instant they opened a volley on the five rebels, shooting the Leader through the face and neck, dropping him at the captain's feet. Another one was shot, through the right arm. breaking the hour near the shoulder, jusi as lie was in the act of shooting the captain. Another was shot, through the side, and another had his horse shot from under him and was captured, \\ bile t he fifth surrendered without resistance. The captain thus narrowly escaped capture and probably death. Again, on the 4th of June, the enemy, under General Forrest, at- tacked Franklin, but they found the garrison too strong, and the lighting was principally skirmishing. HANGING OF REBEL SPIES. On the 8th of June two men in officers 5 uniforms rode up) to the headquarters of Col. John P. Baird, of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, commander of the post at Franklin, and represented themselves to be Insp.-Gen. Lawrence W. Orton and Major Dunlop (whose real names were Col. Lawrence Orton Williams and Lieut. Walter CI. Peter) and said that they had been directed by Adjutant-General Thomas and General Kosecrans to inspect troops, camps, etc., and produced papers which appeared to be properly executed by said officers. . They stated that on the way from Murfreesborough, and while near Eagleville, they were surprised at a farm-house by a scouting party of rebels and narrowly escaped with their lives, and were com- pelled to sacrifice their baggage. Colonel Baird did not at the time suspect them, and at their request, loaned them $50.00, wdiich they promised to refund upon reaching Nashville. Later on. at their request, he also gave them the countersign for the night to enable them to pas- on to Nashville. In the dusk of the evening they bade Colonel Baird good-bye and departed. Just as soon as their horse-' heads were turned the thought of their being spies struck Colonel Baird, as he said, "like a thunder- bolt." Immediately lie ordered Colonel Watkins, of the Sixth Ken- tucky cavalry, to arrest them. Watkins had already stated that he knew Williams. With an orderly, he started in pursuit. They were overtaken just before reaching the picket-line, when Colonel Watkins (7) !IS ll IS'lOi; Y OF THE THIRTY-THIRD suggested to them thai Colonel Baird had a very important message which he desired them to convey to Nashville. They returned with- out suspicion, and upon reaching Baird's headquarters were placed under arrest. They manifested great surprise and indignation when Colonel Baird told them of his suspicions. At midnight Colonel Baird telegraphed the particulars to General Rosecrans, whereupon he received the following response: The men are no doubt spies. Call a drumhead court-martial to-night, and if found to be spies hang them before morning without fail. They denied to the last that they were ordinary spies, but could give no satisfactory solution of their mission. The examination dis- closed that they wore the Confederate cap covered by a haveloek, and the hilts of their swords also betrayed their names and service — that they were officers in the rebel army which was then menacing Frank- lin. Colonel Williams was a son of Captain Williams, killed at Monterey, Mexico, and at the beginning of the civil war was confi- dential secretary to Gen. Winfield Scott. He was honest enough to publicly declare his sympathies with the South, and upon announc- ing his intention to go South he was incarcerated on Governor's Island until after the first battle of Bull Run, because of fear that he would unfold General Scott's plans to the authorities at Richmond. At 3 o'clock a. m.. dune 9, a court-martial was convened, the pris- oners were adjudged guilty and sentenced to "Ik 1 hanged by the neck until they are dead." 'Idle gallows was constructed by a wild cherry tree not far from the depot, and in a. very public place. Two ropes hung pendent from the beam, reaching within eight feet of the ground. A little after !• o'clock a. m. the whole garrison was marshaled about the place of execution. Two poplar coffins were near by. At 9:20 o'clock a. m. the guards conducted the prisoners to the scaffold. Arriving at the place of execution, they stepped upon the platform of a cart. The provost marshal. Captain Alexander, then placed a linen hand- kerchief over the fare of each and adjusted the rope.. They embraced and bade each other a last farewell. This over, the cart moved from under them at !»::><> o'clock a. m. At in o'clock a. m. the bodies were cut down and encoffined in full dress and both buried in one grave. Colonel Williams was the officer of the highest rank ever hung as a spy by an American army. .Major Andre was next in rank. Following is Colonel Baird's report of the affair: Brigadier-General Garfield: The officers I executed this morning, in my opinion, were not ordinary spies, and had some mission more im- portant than finding out my situation. They came near dark, asked no IMH.WA VOLUNTEEB INFANTRY. !)!• questions aboul forces, and did not attempt to inspect works, and after they confessed, insisted they were aol spies in the ordinary sense and thai they wanted no information about this place. Said they were going to Canada and something aboul Europe; not clear, We found upon them a memorandum of commanding officers and their assistant adjutants-gen- eral in Northern States. Though they admitted the justice of the sen- tence and died like soldiers, they would not disclose their true ohject. Their conduct was very singular indeed. I can make nothing of it. I ant. General, etc.. J. I'. BAIRD, ( 'olonel Commanding. The real |nir|)oso of Colonel Williams, alia- Orton, in entering the Federal lines as a spy was never ascertained. His superior officers claimed that he acted altogether upon Ids own motion, without orders from thorn, and thai the responsibility rested alone upon him. He had command of a brigade in Genera] Martin's (Confederate) division of cavalry and was stationed near Franklin for the purpose of watch- ing the garrison, which, at the time, was the extreme right flank of the Federal army under Rosecrans. Every possible effort had previously been made to capture the place by boldly attacking it in force, and in the failure of which, it was the prevailing belief, at the time, this ruse was adopted. After having secured the countersign and once safely outside the Federal lines his re-entrance inside the lines with his brigade and other troops would have been an easy matter by the use of the counter- sign and capture of the pickets. To have at once entered the cam]) without hindrance and with full knowledge of position and strength of the troops, the garrison would, most likely, have been overwhelmed with disaster. This view of it is plausible, and if such was the purpose, the scheme came very near proving a success. RETURN FROM CAPTIVITY. The uneaptured portion- id' the Nineteenth Michigan and Twenty- second Wisconsin were stationed at Brentwood, midway between Franklin and Nashville, but on the 25th of March General Forres! made one of his dashing raids upon the place and captured everything, in which engagement Gen. Robert 1>. Mitchell erroneously reported the capture of a portion of the Thirty-third Indiana. About .March :'»1 Governor Morton made a request that the uneap- tured portions of the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana he sent hack to the State (at that time ( 'amp Morton, where the rebel prisoners were confined, was threatened), hut General Granger informed Gen- eral Rosecrans, - 'I can not possibly spare them lor Governor Morton L.ofC. 100 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD or anj one else/ 5 and General Rosecrans wrote Governor Morton, "Van Dorn made a large draft upon the effective force of these regi- ments, backed by arguments too powerful for successful resistance, but it is the desire to keep those who remain to aid in a reprisal which he hopes to make ere long." After the regiment was exchanged and had returned to Indiana, Governor Morton received authority to extend to it a furlough of ten days, at the end of which time the men returned to Indianapolis and were again sent to the front, arriving at Franklin on the 18th day of June. The fragment of the regiment at Franklin, with the band, met the returning boys about two miles from the camp, and the dem- onstrations of delight at once more getting together were touching and sincere. Before returning to the field the many friends of Colonel Coburn presented him with a handsome sword. INMIANA vou\iii:i; INFANTRY. 101 CHAPTEE XII. ADVANCE OF THE ARMY. The ami} was at last considered in condition to make a forward movement all along the line, including the troops under General Burnside, Mho were operating from Lexington, Kentucky, in the direction of East Tennessee. The co-operation of Rosecrans and Burn- side forced the enemy southward, who were now falling back in the direction of both Knoxville and Chattanooga. In the retirement of the Confederates the strength of the garrison at Franklin could be reduced, and on the 24th of June, the regi- ment left that place via Triune for Murfreesborough, where it re- mained three days, then continuing the march to Christiana, where orders were given to feed five hundred rebel prisoners, and at midnight reached Guy's Gap. Here a detachment of one hundred and fifty men was detailed from the brigade, with the same number of negroes, all under command of Lieutenant Hollingsworth, to repair the railroad between Fosterville and Wartrace, which had been recently destroyed by the enemy under Gen. Kirby Smith. While the men were engaged in chopping clown trees to work up into ties, the rebel owner of the land demanded them to stop, but Sam Strain, of Com- pany F, settled matters by insisting on hanging the man. He was not seen afterward. This locality was noted for bushwhackers, and Hollingsworth gave them to understand that if any of his men were killed he would retort in kind. The result was the work was com- pleted about August 1 without the loss of a man. In the advance movement regimental and brigade organizations were shifted back and forth without any apparent design unless it was to confuse the enemy — to conceal the real object of the movement. The Thirty-third continued its march to Shelby ville, then returned to Guy's Gap, and, finally, settled down again at Murfreesborough, where it remained until September 6. It then took the train for Tulla- homa, from which point it was scattered along the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad as far south as Dechard, Tennessee. The day previous to leaving Guy's Gap Captain Dille and Private Lothario C. Jones, both of Company G, took some chickens to a house outside of the lines to have them cooked for the next day's march. They did not return. The following day after the regiment moved out Lieutenant Maze, dressed in citizens' clothes, with Lieutenant Hollingsworth and a detail of about forty men in hailing distance. 102 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD went ic the house and pretended bo the woman, who was the only person about, that he was making his way to the rebel lines, and through her learned that Dille and Jones were killed by a captain and another man. At first Maze discredited the story. To prove it. she showed him the blood where they had been lying, and then modified the statement by saying that her two sons and a neighbor had killed them. Lieutenant .Maze then said. "I have got you now," and at a signal the detachment under Hollingsworth rode up. The\ then took charge of the woman and all the negroes about the house and in the neighborhood, and also the old man who did the shooting. They urged him to tell what they did with Captain Dille and Jones, luit he would not. They then hung him up with gun-straps, hut he would not speak. They then received orders to go to Murfreeshorough, where the entire party was placed in jail. Shortly after, the woman took sick, and believing that she would die, sent for Maze and Hol- lingsworth and repeated her first statement. In a short time the regi- ment moved again to the front, and the disappearance of the two men remained a mystery thereafter, but it was believed that the first state- ment made by the woman was correct. THE BRIGADE GUARDS THE RAILROAD. Colonel Coburn's brigade was now widely separated — divided into many fragments or detachments. The Thirty-third Indiana was stationed at sis differenl posts. Companies K. 1. E, and B were doing garrison duty at Tullahoma, Tennessee; Company I) at Man- chester, where it built a strong fort of hewed logs, but when completed was allowed to remain in it only one hour, when the company was ordered to join the regiment at Tullahoma: Company A was at Elk river bridge; Companies II and K at Dechard; Company C at Cowan, and Company G at Tracy City, where there were coal mine- — all stations along the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad except the last named place. All these detachments rendered good service in the effort to keep open the "cracker line*' from Nashville to Chattanooga and the coal road, which were so important to the welfare of Rose- crans' army. Repeated raids by the enemy made it necessary for these detach- ments to he always on the alert. The enemy would make a dash here and a dash there, sometimes burning a bridge or derailing a train, then disappearing, seldom ever remaining Long enough in any one place to bring mi a serious engagement. Trains of cars running oil' the track were almod every day occurrences. The road had never keen a good one. Although it passed through a rough country, the spade and shovel had made it deviate very little from the natural surface of the l\M\\\ V0LUN1EEB INFANTRY. 103 earth. The grades were at any angle up to one hundred and six feel per mile. The track was made with the light inverted D or bridge rail and laid upon cedar stringers seven inches high. The stringers were gradually replaced with crossties. The iron had been in use twelve years. Over this single track everything was transported for the entire army. Consequently wrecks of trains were strewn all along the route. These misfortunes, with the repeated raids referred to along the road, necessarily required a very large force to proteel and keep it in repair. Company (' was on detached duty with Company G at Cowan Sta- tion — the north end of the railroad tunnel, known by that name, on the Nashville and Chattanooga railroad. Here, will) live partially- rilled companies of raw colored troop-, they had charge of the lirst convalescent, cam]) in rear of Elosecrans 5 army, with acres of munition- id' war. ami at times several hundred partially disabled men from the front, the entire camp being under command of Captain Day. the ranking officer. During the stay here, two months, the duties were various, receiving and shipping supplies and disabled men, and once a week issuing rations to a number of half-starved citizens. It was here the men. were first reconciled to the use of colored troops. To prevent surprises and loss of -tore- by rebel cavalry and raids by bushwhackers, the picket lines had to be quite extensive, and at first the men complained if the colored picket- intruded on our side of the camp, hut they were not long in learning that although green in the service and black in color, they made excellent guards, and soon our men were asking for shorter guard-lines, with the colored picket lines correspondingly extended, and when the two companies left that station the men doubtless would have been content with the colored soldiers doing the entire guard duty. Being scattered over so much territory, in different departments, ami under commanders arrogating to themselves equal authority, mat- ters became so confusing that it was finally deemed best to concentrate the regiments of the brigade. Gen. A. S. Williams, who had recently come from the East with the Eleventh and Twelfth corps, had this to say of the existing confusion: "The Thirty-third Indiana is scattered ,-it seven different posts. * * , ::: The scattered companies of the Thirty-third Indiana are of little service, excepting the company at Tracy City. They are at points held by detachments of my division, and with their different uoti of duty, and most unaccountable prejudice, do not cheerfully co- operate with us," and recommended their concentration at some one point. 104 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD The General did not give the reason for this "'unaccountable prejudice." When the Eastern troops arrived from the East they derisively alluded to results of the battle of Chickamauga, thereby questioning the valor of the Western troops. In reply the latter troops referred to the battle of Chancellorsville, in which those two corps were routed. Thus the issue was joined, but this feeling soon disappeared. When the campaign to Atlanta had been fairly inaugu- rated, the past was forgotten, and on every battle-field of that cam- paign the soldiers of both East and West stood shoulder to shoulder, each endeavoring to do his "level best." Blended, as they were, into brigades and divisions, their interests were in common, and whatever glory there was in the campaign rested equally upon all. Colonel Coburn had become justly tired of the disorganized condi- tion of his brigade, and on October 9, 1863, at Tullahoma, he closed one of his reports as follows: We will cheerfully do duty anywhere, but would rather be with our friends than distributed over hundreds of miles of mountain and plain. This report was indorsed by Gen. Gordon Granger, as follows: I respectfully request that Colonel Coburn's brigade be relieved and brought to the front. It has an old grudge to settle in the Thompson Station affair. Finally, the Thirty-third Indiana was ordered to concentrate at Christiana, Tennessee, and on November 5th the four companies left Tullahoma and reached Shelbyville the same evening; left Shel- byville on the 6th, and after marching seventeen miles went into camp at Christiana. The other companies reached the same place by railroad- — Company C arriving first and relieving the Second Massa- chusetts infantry. Upon the arrival of Company C there was at once a conflict of authority. Captain Day was not ordered to report to any one and declined to subordinate himself and company to the authority of the colonel of said regiment. For a time it looked as if serious trouble would ensue, but the recently promoted colonel not receiving the support of his own command, withdrew all demands and quiet was re- stored. Soon after a very conciliatory and sensible letter was written by General Slocum to Colonel Coburn covering the matter and re- questing all parties to use forbearance and cultivate friendship. On November 8 Company B was detailed to guard a bridge about two miles nearer Murfreesborough. The regiment commenced at once the erection of winter quarters. The sanitary condition of the camp was excellent, and everything about the quarters was kept as clean and neat as the condition of INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 105 the wintry weal her would permit. The health of the men was gener- ally of the best, and the hope of an early move to the front somewhat relieved the irksomeness of camp life in midwinter. A considerable amount of foraging for supplies for the teams had to be done while here, and sometimes it was necessary to go from fifteen to twenty miles from camp to get the necessary supplies. The oountrj abounded with bushwhackers or guerrillas. One of these Eoraging parties, consisting of Lieutenant Boone, Ike Betts, John Madison, and Lee Prall, was engaged in this duty some fifteen miles from camp. They stopped at a house where the people of the neigh- borhood Avere engaged in a dance. Some of them were bushwhackers, and it was not long till a free fight was on hand — a fight to the death. Ike Betts was severely wounded in the left breast, and Lee Prall in the thigh. Madison and Boone escaped without injury. One of the bushwhackers was killed, one wounded, and the others escaped. The boys hastened to camp, and the following day a detail of men went to the scene of conflict and found the citizens holding an inquest over the dead guerrilla, who had been pierced by eight bullets. It did not take long for the jury to return a verdict, which was simple and direct, and as follows: "He was killed; the community is rid of a nuisance." 106 BISTOEY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTER XIII. THE REGIMENT RE-ENLISTS. The war had now been in progress I'm- more than two and one-half years. Billions of dollars had been spent and thousands of noble and loyal lives had hern sacrificed upon the country's altar. The close of 1863 showed a marked improvement over that of the previous year. General Grant had opened the Mississippi river by causing the capitu- lation of Pemberton at YTcksburg, and the Union troops, under Gen- eral Meade, had simultaneously won a signal victory over General Lee on the heights about Gettysburg. These magnificent victories, to- gether with the more recent successes at Lookout Mountain and Mis- sionary Ridge, gave to the soldiers and to the loyal people of the North greater hopes of success. It was determined to strengthen the Union army and make it more effective. General Grant had been placed in full command of all the armies, and the order had gone out for the re-enlistment of soldiers in the field — for the reorganiza- tion of those regiments which had been in the service at least two years. The value of the re-enlistment and reorganization of the veteran troops in the held was not overestimated. The confidence and patriotism displayed by these men in their re-enlistments in- spired loyal people everywhere with renewed hope, and likewise dis- couraged the enemy. The Thirty-third Indiana was eligible for the veteran service, and about the middle of December authority was given it to renew its service, and ('apt. II. ('. Johnson, of Company K, was designated as the recruiting officer. To preserve the organization of the regiment, three-fourths of it had to re-enlist and he sworn in. Almost at the very outset a feeling prevailed, among the enlisted men, against the proposed reorganization without their first having the assurance that they would be allowed to select their own officers, as was done when first entering the service. Hence enlistments were very slow, not more than fifty having enrolled up to the 1st of January. The Government was very anxious for the regiment to re-enlist, and so were Governor Morton and Colonel Coburn, and after the latter had held a consulta- tion with the commissioned officers it was agreed by nearly all of them that they would not continue in the service, but would allow those re-enlisting to choose their own officers, which proposition wasy February 9 it was at a standstill, and it appeared as if the regiment would not reorganize. <>n the 13th Colonel Coburn again addressed the regiment. This speech had a pronounced influence upon the men. and by February L5, two days later, four hundred and forty-eightf had re-enlisted, which made it the larges.1 veteran infantry regiment, from Indiana except the Twenty-first regiment, which was not in the held, being a regiment id' heavy artillery stationed at Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Company F had the honor of being the lird company in the regimenl to he remustered. The action of the officers of the regiment in allowing the men to select their own officers was highl] commendable, and their energetic efforts in urging the men to re-enlist had much to do with subsequenl results. It secured for another three years a magnificent organization. second to none in the army. Their unselfish action in the matter, however, came very near getting them into trouble, for when they asked to he mustered out at the end of three years. General Thomas recommended that they he dishonorably mustered out. not- *Up to this time there had not been many changes in commissioned officers, but in all the appointments made the wishes of the men had not been consulted. An officer was transferred from one company to another without action being first taken by the men. Ordinarily this was the practice in the Eastern volunteer regiments and those of the regular army, which, to Western men, was obnoxious. .Many of the old officers were highly esteemed by the men. and most of them would probably have been re-elected had they wanted to remain in the service, li was no1 necessarily the objection to the officers, but the desire to have the right to select their own commanders- a principle which they believed was proper— that caused them to be so tenacious in their demands. tit was thought at the time that this number was more than three- fourths of those eligible for re-enlistment, tint it was subsequently found that the terms of the order were misconstrued ami the number was short. However, it satisfied the Government and the organization of the regiment was preserved intact. 10b HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD withstanding the fact that Colonel Coburn had fully advised him of the terms of enlistment — the pledges made to the men. The matter was not settled until the Secretary of War overruled General Thomas' action, when the officers were honorably mustered out, as they had a right to be and ought to have been.* On the 26th day of February the regiment was relieved by the Twenty-third Missouri, when it went to Nashville. While in camp here, the periodical scare about smallpox was started, and an order was issued directing the vaccination of all the men in the regiment who needed it. The vaccine was diseased and poisoned the blood of almost every man that was inoculated. Many of the soldiers were rendered physically unfit for the duties of a soldier for many months. On the 25th of March the veterans of the regiment left Nashville and went to Indiana, the non-veterans (252) having been temporarily assigned to the Eighty-fifth Indiana, which was stationed at Lavergne, Tennessee. THE VETERANS AT HOME. The reception of the Thirty-third Indiana veterans by their friends upon reaching home, like that accorded to all returning veterans, was most cordial and sincere. The various companies did not remain long in Indianapolis, but dispersed without any extended ceremony, melting away at once, and temporarily losing their identity as military organizations. Having been engaged in arduous campaign work for more than two years, the transition from the stirring scenes and re- sponsibilities of military life to the unrestricted delights and com- forts of home and the hospitality of friends for thirty days was a revelation and served as a stimulant to the men. So spontaneous, so real, so determined were the greetings by friends — each and every one apparently trying to excel his or her neighbor in the friendly rivalry — that it undoubtedly strengthened and encouraged the soldiers in the great work which they were so soon called upon to perform at the front. The leave of thirty days, however, soon expired, and the continuous round of pleasure ceased to many forever! From home and friends the regiment plunged at once into the Atlanta campaign, and in less than three months nearly two hundred and fifty had been killed and wounded on many of the sanguinary battle-fields that stretched from Chattanooga to Atlanta! : , detailed as train guards). The regiment halted about 2 o'clock p. m., and took position on right of brigade and near Resaca. The following day the regiment moved forward about four hundred yards and relieved a. portion of the Fourteenth corps, when the brigade was formed into two lines of battle, with the Thirty-third Indiana on left of first line. BATTLE OF RESACA. At K» o'clock a. in. of the loth the regiment, excepting companies A. F. (i. and B, with brigade and division, was ordered forward, and after marching about one mile each brigade of the division was formed into an assaulting column with two regiments front, and as there INDIANA VOLUNTEER [NFANTRY. Ill were five Regiments in Second brigade it made a formation of two lines deep, with the fifth regiment, the Thirty-third Indiana, in rear, with an interval of about twenty or thirty paces between the regiments. Between I and 2 o'clock the order to charge was given and the advance was made through almost impenetrable bushes, running, prickly vines, and over very rough ground toward a range of hills and in support of the First brigade. In this movement General Geary's division (Second) moved by the left flank across the line of advance, and with such impetuosity thai the movement of the Second brigade was more or less confusing by having to pass through five ox six inarching columns of the Second division and over and through the regiments of the Third brigade that wwv lying down. These lines of battle were formed in various ways and were firing over lines yet in advance of them. Colonel Baird, of the Eighty-fifth [ndiana, deeming it imprudent for his regiment and the Thirty-third Indiana to advance further, ordered a halt and reformed the lines of the two regiments in a good position. The remaining regiments of the brigade having become extricated from the passing troops, however, continued to advance. At the time the First brigade left the top of the hill on its charge across the valley, having reached the very muzzles of the four- gun battery under a withering and deadly fire, the Second brigade kept close i" the left of the First brigade, charging down with it across the valley right up to the rebel rifle pits, meeting with the same deadly resistance. General Ward having been wounded. Colonel Coburn assumed command, after which three distinct charges were made under a most withering lire, hut such was the disorganized condition of the men of both brigades, and the terrific force of the enemy's fire, that each charge failed, and nothing more could he done than hold the place up to the line of the enemy's breastworks. The determined and gallant charge of these two brigades secured a position under the very muzzle- of the enemy's guns — silencing a four-gun battery, which remained on disputed territory the rot of the day. In about an hour after the assaulting column had moved forward Colonel Coburn sent to the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana for assistance. An effort was made to re-pond, hut the advance of these regiments was -till rendered impossible without wanton waste of life. on account of the Second division, six or eight line- deep in front, continually firing, and who could not he induced to cease firing long enough to enable the movement to he made. About -f o'clock p. m. the Thirty-third Indiana was ordered to occupy a. ridge farther to the rear and left under a terrific fire. Finally the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana were rejoined by the rest 112 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD of the brigade. The Thirty-third Indiana and Twentieth Connecticut were then ordered to lie down, and about 5 o'clock p. m.. the enemy having attempted to charge the hill, the Thirty-third was moved for- ward on left company and assisted some of General Geary's men in re- pelling the charge. The center of the regiment became engaged and greatly contributed to the repulse. The four-gun battery remained on disputed ground. The rebels could not retake it, and neither could the guns be removed in the day- time without fearful loss. CAPTURE OF THE FOUR-GUN BATTERY. 132 Edgewood Avenue, New Haven, Connecticut, April 26, 1893. Mr. J. R. McBride: Dear Sir and Comrade— I received your communication under date of February 20, in which you state you are engaged in writing a history of your regiment (Thirty-third Indiana), and in searching for data you find a difference of opinion as to who brought the four-gun battery out of the fort at Resaca, Georgia, May 15, 1864. It is certainly most commend- able that you desire to arrive at the truth when you essay to write history, for if it is not a truthful narrative of facts it is not what it purports to be and should be. ****** Van Horn, iin his History of the Army of the Cumberland, says that Colonel Fitzpatrick, with the Fifth Ohio, captured and removed the four- gun battery out of the fort at Resaca, and it seems that Colonel Cobham, of the One Hundred and Eleventh Pennsylvania, also claims the honor attached thereto. Now, I wish to say. in relation to this matter, that the official report made by me at the time, as commanding officer of the detailed companies of the Second brigade, Third division and Twentieth Corps, was correct, and that all the credit due to Colonel Cobham, of the One Hundred and Eleventh Pennsylvania, was accorded to him and his command in that report, for it was my design, inasmuch as he was present part of the time during the proceedings that took place that night, May 15-16, 1864, when the guns were removed from the ravelin in which they were situated, that he should have no cause of complaint at anything in my report. ****** Our men lay down with their arms in their hands, confident of victory om the morrow, and Johnston made preparations for retreat, not daring to await the coming of the morning, when he knew our assault would be renewed. The battery was between our lines and the enemy, on disputed territory. The rebels could not reclaim it; neither could we remove the guns in the daytime without terrible loss. Just as all had gotten nicely laid down to rest, an order came from General Hooker, through General Butterfield, commanding Third division, and Colonel Coburn, our brigade commander, detailing me, by name, to take command of a detachment of men, consisting of two companies from my own i*egiment, the Twentieth Connecticut, and two companies from each of the other regiments of the INDIANA VOLTJNTEEB INFANTRY. 113 brigade, and, if possible, capture amd remove ibe guns of the tour-gun ha 11 cry within our lines. The order was received by me about 9 o'clock p. m., and the details from the differenl regiments were ordered by Colonel Coburn, who did me the honor to come and see if the arrangement was complete, and actually went with the detail to indicate the route for us to take to find the location of the battery, for it was very dark in the woods that night. After Colonel Coburn left us, the detail proceeded, under my command, to reconnoiter and find the situation of the battery. Following the Dalton road nearly to where it entered the rebel lines, we left it and advanced up the hill toward the battery, and passing through or over a picket line, the men of which lay flat on their faces and said they belonged to General Geary's command. The men of my command were placed between this picket line and the battery we were after, and ordered to lie down and await events. In company with the two captains commanding the two companies detailed from my regiment, I proceeded to investigate the situation. Creeping on our hands and knees over the dead bodies thickly strewn about, we reached the lunette and found a Second division man lying flat on his face in front of the earthworks, behind which the guns were. We placed our hands on the muzzles of the guns that protruded from the embrasures, and after crawling about the front, of the entrenched battery to get a correct knowledge of the situa- tion, one of the officers accompanying me raised his hat on the point of his sword above the earthworks and received a shower of bullets as a reply, two or three passing through his hat. The rebels had, after nightfall, gathered a pile of logs, rails, and other combustible matter between the entrenched battery (which was opened to the rear) and their line of rifle pits, and set it on fire, the light from which lighted up the whole vicinity almost as light as day. The rebel line of entrenchments, behind which their infantry lay, was a line of earthworks four or five feet high, the rear built up perpendicularly with logs supported by skids, the earth shoveled from the rear, forming a ditch, and thrown over the logs in front to the thickness of eight or ten feet on the bottom, and four or five feet on the top, with a headlog on top of the embank- ment of earth, raised two or three inches, to afford an opportunity for thrusting the musket underneath the headlog to fire at an ap- proaching enemy with almost perfect protection. We could plainly see the glimmer of the muskets protruding from underneath the headlogs. ready to meet an approaching foe with a hailstorm of lead. The con- clusion come to by me, after examination, was that there were but two ways to get the guns. The first was to rush the men under my command over or around the ravelin, seize the guns and drag them around the ends of the works, and down the hill to within our lines. This would have involved, probably, the sacrifice of nearly my entire command, and been uncertain of accomplishment. This plan was rejected. The second was to commence down the hill a short distance and dig a trench up to the guns wide enough for the gun carriages to pass through, attach a rope to the muzzle of each gun and drag them off within our limes. By this plan, until we broke through the entrenchment, the men would lie entirely protected from the fire of the rebel infantry. A detail was sent back after (8) 11-i HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD picks, shovels, ropes, etc., and my men were set at work digging trenches. About this time (11 p. in.), Colonel Cobham appeared as officer of the day in charge of the picket line and politely informed me that the presence of myself and command was not needed nor wanted there, and requested me to retire with my command, saying that he was going to capture and remove the guns. The remark was made by me that I and my command were there by order of the corps commander, for that purpose, and I proposed to stay until the guns were within our lines, if it was possible to accomplish such an undertaking. Mention was then made to him of my plains, and he advocated the first, but the last was finally agreed upon, and he then proposed to furnish a few men from his picket reserve to assist, which was accepted by me. As soon as the tools arrived from the Second brigade quartermaster, which had been sent for by me, a few of his men and a much larger detail of my command were set to work again, digging, and about 2 o'clock on the morning of May 16 the guns were dragged within our lines, and then the detailed companies under my command returned to their respective regiments without the loss of a man. During the time my command was excavating the trenches, the enemy, suspecting something wrong, opened a terrific fire all along in our front with both artillery and infantry, which was replied to by our artillery, then located on the hill beyond the valley, the shot and shell passing just over the heads of my working party. Once during this time Colonel Cobham's men on the picket line in our rear ran away down the hill to the road and beyond and opened a musketry fire on the hill where my men and a few of his were at work. Their bullets flew all around among the working party and that portion of my detail not at work, Cobham's. men thinking, no doubt, that all of our men had fallen back. A messenger was sent by me to request that the firing from our rear should cease, and shortly Colonel Cobham's men returned to their former position. They undoubtedly thought, from the quantity of the projectiles hurling Ihrougb the air, and the din and noise of the artillery, that the rebels were about making a sortie to drive us from what they suspected we might be doing. My men, not at work, lay with arms in their hands in line of battle, ready for any emergency, and covered from the musketry tire from the rebel rifle pits. In the morning the rebels were found to have evacuated their works and retreated across the Conasauga river, destroying the bridges in their rear. * * * I think it has been shown that the claim of Colonel Cobham is incorrect, and whatever honor may be connected with the capture, secur- ing, and removing of the rebel battery belonged to the Third division, Twentieth Army Corps, instead of the Second division. I Think enough has been said to show to any unprejudiced mind the utter absurdity of Colonel Cobham's claims and of others who assert that they captured the battery, and that myself and command were there on that occasion.* THILO B. BUCKINGHAM, Late Major Twentieth Connecticut Volunteers. ♦Major Buckingham, at the time this letter was written by his wife and dictated by him, was a confirmed physical paralytic, having been stricken down some sixteen or seventeen years previously. IMH.WA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTRY. 115 This ivas the only battery captured from the enemy during the Atlanta campaign, and various commands claiming the honor of its capture is the reason for giving so much space to the facts, and especially to refute the claim se'1 Lip by Colonel Co'bham, who unfairly stales in his report: "I therefore claim for the division (Second) whatever honor may be connected with the capture, securing, and removal of the rebe] battery/ 5 The casualties of the brigade in this battle were: Thirty-third Indiana." none killed, 29 wounded; Eighty-fifth Indiana (no1 access- ible); Twenty-second Wisconsin, 11 killed. 56 wounded; Nineteenth Michigan, 1! killed, nil wounded; and Twentieth Connecticut, none killed. 1 I wounded. The troops go1 very Little rest after the oighl of the battle. Many changes were made in the line of battle, and the knowledge that the enemy were evacuating their position made it necessary for the troops to be ready to advance al a moment's notice. About 9 o'clock a. m. the regiment advanced with the brigade and passed the railroad near Resaca. After marching seven miles and then waiting three hours for the pontoon bridge to be laid, crossed the Conesauga, and at 11 o'clock, in rear of brigade, reached the Coosawattie river, which was crossed on a ferry-boat, and then went into camp about 3 o'clock p. m. On the following day at 2 o'clock p. m., the regiment again received orders to march, and did not go into camp till 10 o'clock p. m., during which time heavy skirmishing was constantly going on in front. On the 18th the regiment moved out at 5 o'clock a. m., and marched twenty miles, and then with the Eighty-fifth Indiana *Following list is not official: Field and Staff.— Wounded: Sergt.-Maj. Robert M. McMaster. Company C— Died of wounds: Private Daniel Sherwood. Wounded: Lieut. William J. Day. Company D— Wounded: 'Sergt. Jacob Moore. Corporal Alonzo Iloding, and Private James P. Drake. Company E— Died of wounds: Corporal B. F. Anderson and Private Gustavus A. Miller. Wounded: Privates Joseph T. Buchanan, William H. Carlisle, James A. Evans, William Swaggerty, David W. White, and i H'ni-ge H. Michael. Company H.— Died of wounds: Private John R. Burkhart. Wounded: Corporal Alvin D. May, Privates Daniel Lafever. Henry Jones, Isaac N. Weaver, and Thomas Taylor. Company I.— Wounded: Sergt. John A. Miller, Privates Charles H. Yoight and William Beardsley. Company K.— Wounded: Sergt. William Nodurft. Privates James S. Kern, Howland B. Hobart, James E. Parker, George K. Sheffer, and John W. Burroughs. 116 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD inarched to the rear about three miles to guard a road which inter- sected the one going to Cassville, during which time the skirmishers kept up a brisk fight. CAPTURE OF CASSVILLE. On the 19th it was generally believed that a decisive battle would be fought at Cassville, especially so by the enemy, as General Johnston had issued the following address to his men: * * * We would now turn upon the enenry and give him battle. * * * Early in the morning the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana rejoined the brigade and moved toward Cassville, halted, and fortified till 2 o'clock p. m. According to the enemy's program, they made a demonstration to advance, but finally withdrew, when the regiment advanced, with the brigade,* alone into the town, driving the enemy out, and barricading the streets, and holding it all night under the range of the enemy's guns posted on the heights above. The object of this advance was to bring on a decisive battle, which was unex- pectedly declined. The enemy having been flanked out of every position held by it up to date, many of the subordinate officers under Joe Johnston, with his recent address still ringing in their ears, clung to the delusive hope that a stand would be made. It was deemed, however, by Johnston and his associates, as inadvisable, because the position was "untenable, being too much exposed to the enfilading fire of the Eederal artillery." Those who were most anxious to fight, now fully realized, as one of the Confederate officers expressed it, "How often is the word of promise held to the ear, but broken to the hope." Our troops occupied this position until the 20th, when the regiment moved two and a half miles to the west, and went into camp, where it remained till the 23d for re- cuperation. On the 22d the troops were inspected and orders were issued to throw away all surplus articles, and on the morning of May 23 the regiment moved out at 5 o'clock a. m. and marched to the Etowah river, reaching it at noon. The bridge being burned, the river had to be crossed on pontoons. *After the Second brigade had taken possession of Cassville, Colonel Coburn selected what appeared to be an unoccupied house for brigade headquarters, when the sound of voices came to his ears. Upon investi- gation it was discovered that a dozen or more women had taken refuge in the cellar, with the fear that the town was to be bombarded. The gallant colonel induced them to come out of their hiding place and put them under the protection of Capt. A. G. Kellum, his chief of staff, who procured them more suitable apartments, and who saw that they were properly taken care of while the Second brigade occupied the town. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 117 The facility with which a stream could be spanned by a pontoon bridge was marvelous. This stream was about three hundred feet wide, and in less than an hour the bridge was ready for passage. This work was done under command of Col. George P. Buell of the fifty- eighth Indiana, who commanded the pioneers of the Twentieth Army Corps. A. rebel was caught up in a tree near by watching things. lie said, "Boys, you can heat us." Some one asked, "Why?" "Because," said he, "anybody who could make bridges out of them d — d dog tents could beat us." The pontoon bridge was one of the most valuable auxiliaries of the army. The regiment marched about ten miles after crossing the river, and on the morning of May 24 moved out again at sunrise and marched seven miles, when flankers were thrown out to the right and left until 12 o'clock noon and after having marched about ten miles went into camp. During the night the regiment moved to the right and rear and threw up breastworks. BATTLE OF NEW HOPE CHURCH. On the morning of the 25th of May, about 8 o'clock, the troops moved toward Dallas Woods, with strict orders against firing off guns and missing roll-calls. They advanced across Pumpkin Vine Creek, and during the day the Second division drove the pickets of the enemy to their main line of works, when a furious battle ensued. This en- gagement was brought about by a blunder. It happened to be one of the accidents of the campaign — a surprise to both armies. Scattered as the army was it was thought we were on Johnston's flank, when, in fact, his army was entrenched in our immediate front. That por- tion of the enemy's main line was composed of the divisions of Gen- erals Stevenson and Stewart, who were strongly entrenched behind breastworks made of logs, etc., and General Johnston reported their numerical strength as a "much larger force of infantry and artillery" than that of the Federals. The contest had been in progress nearly two hours by a portion of the first division when it had to retire because of scarcity of ammuni- tion. The Nineteenth Michigan relieved the One Hundred and Forty- first New York, and the Thirty-third Indiana relieved the Forty-sixth Pennsylvania, while the Twenty-second Wisconsin and Eighty-fifth Indiana were posted in supporting distance. The Thirty-third Indi- ana, with its five hundred and fifty muskets, and the Nineteenth Michigan, poured a most destructive fire into the ranks of the enemy, silencing their batteries completely, and under a. galling fire from 118 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD the artillery. The firing was tremendous and our troops had ao works of any kind for defense. Genera] Stevenson (Confederate), in his report of it, says of the losses: Although protected with logs we were inflicted with considerable loss, losing from 300 to 400 infantry, and the artillery lost 43 men and 44 horses. Colonel Co burn, in his report, says: Shells, grapeshot, canister, railroad spikes, and every deadly missile rained upon us. I now aver that no regiment could have borne with more unfaltering daring this fearful cannonade and musketry than did the Thirty-third Indiana that day. So, too, with the Nineteenth Michigan. The casualties* were: The Thirty-third Indiana lost four men killed, and one officer and forty-eight men wounded. Nineteenth Michigan lost one officer killed and three wounded, and three men killed and forty-four wounded. Twenty-second Wisconsin lost one man killed, and one officer and eight men wounded. Eighty-fifth Indiana lost one officer and six men wounded. The fighting did not cease till darkness settled over the field. At night a platoon of Company A was sent forward as skirmishers. About dark a heavy rain set in, and without entrenching tools the ♦Following list is not official: Company A.— Killed: Corporal Thomas F. Rhea, Privates W. A. Stoner, and Kinner W. Sturgeon. Wounded: Privates James E. Mc- Clellan, William Harrigan, Andrew C. Brown, George R. Briant, George W. Shelton, and Edgar Murphy. Company B — Died of wounds: Capt. James L. Banks. Wounded: Privates John Hawkins, Absalom Jordan, William Wagner, John Harbin, Nicholas Sutt. Company C — Wounded: Privates William Allen, John Clifford, and George Mitchell. Company D— Wounded: Privates William Story, Calvin Colman, and Robert Young. Company E— Wounded: Lieut. John R. Spratt, Privates Henry C. Asher, Joseph T. Buchanan, Walter Welty, and John Quinn. Company F— Wounded: Corporal Samuel Milburn, Privates Heury Hickrod, and Joseph D. McClure. Company G.— Wounded: Corporal Benjamin T. Owens and Private Andrew J. Owens. Company H.— Wounded: Sergt. Richard Collier. Privates Charles T. Wilson. William M. Bennett, and George C. Hamilton. Company I.— Killed: Private Philander Stearns. Wounded: Charles Snyder, Henry Crist, Samuel Kyle, Richard Maupin, James M. Cheever, Isaac Atkeson, W. B. Reed, and Leander Stater. Company K— Died of wounds: Corporal Tunis Van Pelt and Private John Frank. Wounded: Privates Edwin Bartlett, Howland B. Hobert, William T. Diekerson, Andrew Erwin, George Watson, William M. Pugh, and William Strain. TXDTAXA VOLUNTEEB IM'WTI.'Y. FID rc^in ii'ii t improvised a defense oul of aid Logs. The men l;i\ on their arms during the resl of the night. Early the next morning Major Miller, in command of the regiment, was ordered to send out one company from the regimenf to "find the enemy/' Owing - to the constant maneuvering of the troops during the two preceding days, with Little opportunity for rest, the men were very tired, but Captain Day, with his company, volunteered to perform the service. The men promptly fell into Line, scaled the abandoned works of the enemy, deployed as skirmishers, and started down through the woods on their mission. A half nolo away could be seen a hill, hut no enemy, and the boys naturally supposed that they were beyond that point. Just at the foot of the hill, next to the skir- mishers, was a small stream fringed with timber. No enemy in sight, they crossed it with alacrity, when, to their surprise, within fifty feet, they saw a body of cavalrymen — the rear guard of the enemy. Some had already dismounted; the others were in the act of doing so. The "Johnnies" were equally surprised, both sides being confident that an overwhelming force was upon them and simultaneously gave the order, "Fall back!" which Company C did, having "found the enemy," as ordered, but did not do so until after firing a volley into their ranks. A few moments alter, when a place of security had been reached, the boys saw the hill covered with artillery and bristling with bayonets. On the 27th four companies of the regiment — E, G, K and B — were ordered to assist the First brigade in building breastworks, during which time they were very much exposed to the deadly firing of the enemy's sharpshooters, losing three killed and two wounded, to wit: Haley Davis, Company G, killed; Bluford Atkins, Company B, killed; George C. Hendricks, Company F, killed; T. B. Evans, Company E, wounded, and Henry Halls. Company K, wounded. The sharp- shooters were rapidly thinning the ranks. Just then General Sher- man and Colonel Coburn readied that part of the line and were in- formed that the shots came from a certain old house. A battery of guns were soon put into action and the house demolished, when '-hooters disappeared. On the following day about 7:30 o'clock a. m., the enemy opened on our lines with artillery, using solid shot and canister, killing- John Sturdivant, of Company 0. In the afternoon Companies D and I were ordered to occupy the front line of breastworks to fill the gap on the right of the Third brigade, and at night were relieved by Companies A and F. The position occupied by these companies was very much exposed to the sharpshooters, who kept up a constant fire. During the entire night there was heavy skirmishing, which con- 120 IIISTOliV OF THE THIRTY-THIRD tinued till long after daylight on the 29th, on which day G. W. Busbee, of Company C, was slightly wounded in the head. At night the enemy made two unsuccessful charges in front of the Third division. All day of the 30th the brigade was compelled to remain close to the breastworks, and at dusk moved out on the front or first line of works, relieving the Third brigade, the Thirty-third Indiana occupy- ing right of brigade. Forty pickets, with two officers', were sent out to cover the front. The line was exposed to sharpshooters, and Ben- jamin F. Farr, of Company H, was wounded. The following day the regiment remained in camp. A skirmish fire was kept up during the entire time. Artillery was brought into action without any known damage to the enemy, but the proceedings were considerably en- livened. On the first day of June the regiment moved to the left of the line about three miles and went into camp in column of division and on the 2d moved about two miles and formed in line of battle on the left of brigade and threw up breastworks, throwing them up in an incred- ibly short time with bayonets, tin cups and plates, under a fire from the enemy's artillery. Major Miller, who bad been in command of the regiment up to this time, was wounded in the forehead by a piece of shell, and Corporal Lafayette Goss, Company H, was wounded. The difficulties of supplying rations to the army promptly con- tinued to increase, being sometimes from two to three days behind, and only a part of a ration being issued to each man at a time. On one of these occasions General Hooker happened to pass the brigade when some of the men called out, "Hardtack! hardtack!*' The de- mands began to multiply so rapidly that all the soldiers in Hookers presence repeated it. He inquired of General Butterfield what it all meant. Butterfield said they needed provisions and that transporta- tion was scarce. General Hooker knew that rations were plenti- ful at a place in the rear near by and asked Butterfield why those wagons, standing near them, were unused. Butterfield told him they were his headquarter wagons, whereupon Hooker ordered them un- loaded and sent for provisions. Before the day was over the men got additional rations, and that is one of the reasons why he was such a favorite with the men. The men were intelligent and reasonable enough to know that the management of an army like that, and un- der such conditions, could not he perfect, and their complaints were few. On the 3d the regiment, with the brigade and division, moved still farther to the left toward Aekworth, camping near Morris Mill, in support of Hovey's division of the Twenty-third Corps, where breast- INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 121 work- were again built. This move turned the enemy's right flank. Without resistance the enemy deserted his works in great haste. On the 4th, by order of General Butterfield, division commander, two mem were detailed from each eompany to do the cooking, who were excused from all oilier duty. They were required to carry the camp kettles, and had orders to boil all the fresh meat issued instead of broiling or frying it. All cooking apparatus, save coffee-pots and lr\ing-pans, with here and there a mess-pan or kettle, was left at Chattanooga, the result being that the cooking was of the worst character and least conducive of digestion, and precluded all cooking by messes of companies. Until Marietta was reached, the commissary supplies consisted almost entirely of hard bread, salt pork or bacon and fresh beef and sugar and coffee. Little, if any, beans, rice, soap, vinegar, or other small rations were issued; but after Marietta was reached commissary supplies of all kinds were more abundant. Each succeeding day the troops would advance a few miles and then throw up breastworks. They had become so accustomed to such work that as soon as a line of battle was formed they would intui- tively erect works in an incredibly short time without the aid of en- trenching tools, and generally while exposed to bursting shells and within range of the ever-present sharpshooter. So constant was the need of protection, it is no wonder that three hundred miles of rifle- pits were constructed during the campaign. The movements of the troops were made regardless of roads, cross- ing many streams bridged by rails, and were often waded by them. The woods were filled with a thick undergrowth of jack oak, pine, etc., and portions of the two armies would frequently get uncom- fortably near each other, and both glad to withdraw without formality. On June 6 the regiment, with the brigade, moved at 6 o'clock a. m., and after going out about five miles, took position near what was called the Mount Olivet Church, having plainly in view Pine Knob on the left, and Lost Mountain on the right. Here breastworks were built. The brigade remained in camp here until June 15, when it and the division advanced in a southeasterly direction, passing by works that had just been abandoned by the enemy, and formed in line of battle in rear of the First brigade, where it remained two hours. The First brigade then advanced in line of battle and drove the enemy's skirmishers before them. The Second brigade was ordered to advance in support of the First brigade, with Nineteenth Michigan on the right, on its left the Eighty-fifth Indiana, the Thirty-third Indiana on its left, and the Twenty-second Wisconsin on the left. The movement was made with promptness. The First brigade met 122 HISTOKY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD with considerable resistance, being subjected to both the fire of ar- tillery and musketry coming from what proved the enemy's great line of breastworks, the First brigade reciprocating by pouring tremendous volleys of musketry into their ranks. About dusk the Third brigade was relieved by the Second brigade, the Thirty-third Indiana reliev- ing the Seventy-ninth Ohio. The troops were subjected to a heavy fire, but as the orders were not to return the fire it soon ceased. The casualties of the Thirty-third Indiana were: Wounded, John W. Hayden, Company A; Thomas Dermit, Company C, and James B. Tackett, Company II. The Thirty-third Indiana and Twenty-second Wisconsin began fortifying at once and worked all night. The Eigh- ty-fifth Indiana and Nineteenth Michigan were subsequently posted on left of brigade and in like manner fortified. The men labored with untiring patience, and by morning had built a strong line within, two hundred yards of the enemy's line and under a fire of musketry and artillery. All day of the 16th the brigade remained in same camp, strengthen- ing breastworks, with a loss of four killed and twenty-four wounded. Of the Thirty-third Indiana, Hiram Mitchell, Company D, and Fred Angerman, Company G, were mortally wounded. On the 17th the enemy having evacuated their works in the immediate front, the bri- gade advanced about three miles and found them posted in another strongly-entrenched line of works, and the Second brigade established a new line by building works while under a slight fire from the enemy's artillery. On the 19th the enemy again evacuated their posi- tion, their works being very strong and well protected by pointed brush, etc., which evacuation was first reported by Colonel Coburn at 5:30 o'clock a. m., after his skirmishers had advanced in front of their own works about a mile. x\bout 9 o'clock a. m. the regiment, with the brigade, moved to the right, and, passing the Twenty-third Corps, halted on top of a hill in a heavy rain storm, and finally moved on. An impassable stream in front caused the regiment to wait until a bridge was built of rails. Finally a crossing was effected and the brigade passed the enemy's works and soon reached another stream, which, also, had to be bridged with rails. After crossing this stream the division moved in mass by brigade, with Second brigade in rear. A thick undergrowth of bushes made the progress slow. Company A was thrown out as skirmishers on the right, and the regiment changed front to rear on tenth company; then moved by left flank to left of First brigade and built breastworks, remaining in that position all night. Alfred Matthews, Company C, was mortally wounded on this day. On June 20 the Thirty-third moved out at 9:30 o'clock a. m., INDIANA VOLUNTEEB INFANTRY. 123 and, after shifting positions frequently, finally connected with Gen- eral Geary's Second division about noon, where it built more works and remained all night. BATTLE OF CULP'S FARM. On June 21 the Second brigade was relieved by General KimbalFs brigade of the Fourth Corps. A limit I o'clock p. m., six companies— ('. li, E, G, K and P> — from left of regiment, were sent out to the front as skirmishers, and about 5 o'clock p. m., the remaining four com- panies — A, F, D and I — joined the Twenty-second Wisconsin on the right and Fourth Corps on the left, and built breastworks till mid- night. The skirmish line in the meantime amused itself by firing at the flashes of the enemy's guns. On the 22d the six companies compos- ing the skirmish line were relieved at 12 o'clock at night and rested till morning. At sunrise they were again posted as skirmishers and kept up a constant fire. Several of the skirmishers were wounded. At 12 o'clock noon they were again relieved from duty just as the Third bri- gade was preparing for a charge upon the enemy's lines. The six com- panies then remained in reserve till about 3 o'clock p. m., and were en- gaged the rest of the day in erecting breastworks, and were not on the skirmish line in front of brigade, as was supposed by Major Miller, after skirmishers of Fourth Corps had fallen to the rear of the main line and refused to go to the front again, and when the remaining four companies under his immediate command were being enfiladed by the guns of the enemy. At 12 o'clock noon the four companies— A, F, D and I — moved out of breastworks, and with the Twenty- second Wisconsin on the left and Fourth Corps on right, moved for- ward and past the skirmish line. Unfortunately the right of the four companies did not connect by four or five hundred yards with the Fourth Corps, which being observed by the enemy he made an attempt to flank the regiment, and nearly succeeded, but the danger was parti} obviated by Major Miller promptly moving the detachment to the left and rear, not until, however, the enemy had succeeded in pouring into the four companies a raking, flanking, and effective fire. Major Miller, as stated, under the impression that the six companies were still in front on the skirmish line, restrained the men from firing and ordered them to lie down, when, in fact, at that very moment, as re- lated by one of the skirmishers (who were not on the skirmish line and were occupying a position on the right) "we were expecting even moment to be relieved and join our brigade, which was having a hot- time just to our left." Fortunately the four companies were then joined on the left by the Eighty-fifth Indiana and Nineteenth Michi- gan, with latter regiment immediately on the left, and the combined 124 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD forces poured into the enemy such a destructive and effective fire that he was glad to retreat to his first line of works. At this juncture, with their usual foresight and energy, the men got some rails and with their bayonets and tin pans rapidly threw up a work which saved them from the bullets of the enemy. This was a severe engagement, in which the regiment lost thirty-five* killed and wounded, among whom were Captain Burton and Lieutenant McKinney, of Company H, severely wounded; Captain Chandler, Company D, slightly wounded, and Adjutant Porter, killed, in whose death the regiment lost one of its most efficient and worthy officers. At 6:30 o'clock p. m., the regiment was relieved by an Ohio regiment of the Fourth Corps, when it marched to the rear and right about two miles and went into camp, resting on the military road leading into Marietta. After making coffee the men retired for the night about 10 o'clock p. m., but about 2:30 o'clock a. m., were ordered into line and marched to the right about three-fourths of a mile and retired again about 3 o'clock and slept till morning. The forces confronting Coburn's brigade this day belonged to Generals Hindman and Stevenson. From the 3d day of June up to and including the 22d, it rained every day. On the morning of the 23d Companies' C, H, E, K, G and B rejoined the rest of the regiment. During the day the brigade shifted about from position to position and finally settled down opposite the place * Following list is not official: Field and Staff— Killed: Adjutant Charles H. Porter. Company A.— Died of wounds: Corporal David Page. Wounded: Private John B. Edwards. Company B.— Killed: Private James Patterson. Died of wounds: Privates William M. Morgan, George W. Clark, and James Holley. Wounded: Sergts. Alexander Williamson and Robert H. Jordon; Privates Peter Goad and John H. Teverbaugh. Company D.— Wounded: Lieut. William Chandler and Private James Hendricks. Company F.— Killed: Private R. V. Bums. Died of wounds: Privates Andrew Mungavin, William Alsop, W T illiam H. Vancampin. Wounded: Privates Francis L. Smith, Henry J. Hill, William Griffin, and William L. Cassiday. Company G.— Wounded: Private Charles H. Pierce. Company H. — Wounded: Capt. James E. Burton, Lieut. Lawson E. McKinney, and Private Talbert Handy. Company I.— Killed: Private Dempster Benham. Died of wounds: Privates Lewis C. Scudder and Joseph W. Maupin. Wounded: Privates Jonas Lobach, Benedict Foller, John Q. Owems, Jefferson Harper, John Newton, and John Stein. Company K— Wounded: Private Phillip Garrison. INDIANA VDL1 N TKKK IN I' ANTin . 125 occupied by it the night previous, and on the cresl in an open field. Almost the entire time tin men were exposed to merciless sharp shooters, but finally succeeded in erecting work- that protected them. Phillip Foxworthy, of Company H, and Peter Kourke, of Company F, were severely wounded by sharpshooters. This was at a point three miles from Marietta and immediately in front of the works of the enemy, which enclosed that town. The whole country was one vast fort, and Johnston must have had fully fifty miles of connected trenches, with abatis and finished batteries. The regiment remained in camp during the 24th. In the after- noon the men were engaged in erecting traverses and otherwise strengthening the works. On this day the sharpshooters killed William Edwards, of Company G, and wounded Sergt. J. B. Farr, of Com- pany II. On the 26th the sharpshooters continued their deadly work, and it was impossible for the men to work or even move away from the trenches without great clanger. David Boicourt, of Company D. was killed and William Thomasson, of Company K, was wounded this day. About 10 o'clock at night the picket firing almost wholly ceased, and Colonel Co burn was notified to hold his brigade in readi- ness to repulse an attack in case one was made, as it was thought that the silence of the enemy's pickets indicated such a movement. At 3:30 o'clock the regiment was ordered to stand to arms till daylight, hut no enemy came. At daylight the "ping, ping" of the sharp- shooters' leaden messengers were again heard. BATTLE OF KENNESAW MOUNTAIN. On the 27th was fought the battle of Kennesaw Mountain. A vain attempt was made to dislodge the enemy from this stronghold. Gen- eral Sherman had two reasons for making the assault: "First, because the two armies had settled down to the conclusion that flanking alone was the game, and second, if it had been successful Johnston's center would have been broken and his army pushed back in confusion and with great loss to his bridges on the Chattahoochie." But it was not successful, and no more direct assaults were made upon the enemy's lines by our tones during the rest of the campaign. However, the assault caused the sacrifice of many lives, and it is believed by many to have been a grave error of judgment. It was confidently expected that the Second brigade would hav. some hard fighting, but it was not needed. Almost the entire artillery of the army concentrated their fire at the enemy's impregnable posi- tion, and the roar of cannonade that day was not approached during that campaign. James 1ST. Francis, of Company ('. was wounded on this day. 126 HISTOKY OF THE THIRTY-THIBD On the day of the battle of Kennesaw Mountain, General Butter- field, the division commander, ordered Colonel Cobnrn to report to General Ward as division commander. The division was under orders to make an attack on the enemy. The attack was not finally ordered, and in the evening General Butterfield resumed the command. In two or three days after this lie was relieved from his command and never again appeared with it. Why he left us or was relieved no one has told. On the 38th of June the left wing of the regiment, which had been occupying the front line of breastworks, was relieved by the right w,ing. who remained in that position all day of the 29th, but was, in turn, relieved on the 80th by the left wing. On the 28th John W. Hinson, of Company 0. and William Hornback, of Company G-, were severely wounded, and on the 30th Eussell Hollingsworth, of Com- pany B, was wounded in the face. The lines of the two armies were always in uncomfortably close proximity, and skirmishing was constantly kept up, not unlike the grappling of two monster giants. Sherman's kept so close to that of The enemy and was thus enabled to press forward at the very moment a line of works was evacuated. The country for thirty miles had been stripped of grain and grass, making it necessary for all supplies of that kind to be brought from the North. On the 1st of July. Major Miller was ordered to close up the space between the right of the regiment and the Second division, which was done with Companies C, I and D. The Second brigade was then re- lieved by the First brigade, when it then moved to the rear on the Atlanta and .Marietta road, going into camp, with the Thirty-third on the right and near what was known as the "White House." The remainder of the day was occupied in drawing some additional cloth- ing and in washing and cleaning up old ones, and in getting arms in good condition. On the 2d one hundred and sixtv men and three officers were detailed from the regiment for picket duty. On the 3d the brigade was ordered to move at a moment's notice, the enemy having evacuated their stronghold in front of Marietta and Kennesaw Mountain. Their works were very strong and pro- tected by abatis. In marching through their works many Johnnies were found sleeping in the ditches, probably the "last ditch'" they had talked so much about. In the march the Thirty-third was on the right, ami Company A was thrown out as skirmishers, covering the regimental front. The brigade moved along the Sandtown road, finally reaching and passing the Second division, and coming up with |\|)| \\ A \ < H.I Nil. II; INK AN'I'in . 127 the enemy strongly posted o-d a range of hills. The Second brigade being in advance was hastily formed in two Lines, with the front covered by the Nineteenth Michigan as skirmishers, the Twenty- second Wisconsin and Eighty-fifth Indiana in first line, and the Thirty-third Indiana in the second. Breastworks were hastily thrown up while the men were exposed to rebel shells, which were exploding on every hand. This day's work was one of the severesl experiences of the campaign. Besides the dangers from bursting shells, the day was exceedingly hot and sultry. The men were nearly worn out, as one-half had been on the picket, line the night before. On July 4 the regiment at 2 o'clock p. m.. marched east and south about two and a half miles and went into cam)). At about 5 o'clock p. m',, an alarm was given that the enemy was approaching, when every nerve was -trained to throw up a line of works. The alarm proved False, and' was occasioned by the skirmishers of the Sixteenth Corps, whose line was perpendicular to ours. This was another mistake in the han- dling of that vast army, but such errors were not to be condemned when the difficulties of manipulating such a large body of men in a thickly-wooded region are considered. At 3:30 o'clock p. m., of July 5, the regiment moved in a southeast course, and after crossing Nickajack Creek and some steep ridges and hills went into camp in line of battle in rear of First division. From July 6th to the 17th the regiment, in fact the entire Corps, were encamped near the Chatta- hoochie river, and the time was devoted to resting and otherwise pre- paring to renew the campaign. On the 10th the enemy evacuated the work- in our immediate front and crossed the Chattahoochie river, and in the evening the hanks of the river marked the skirmish lines of the tWo armies. An armistice was agreed upon by the pickets, who became very sociable, visiting each other, trading coffee and tobacco, and exchanging newspapers. When the Chattahoochie river divided the two armies, one day a Johnny asked, "Who commands the army across the river?" "General Sherman," was the reply. "Well, he commands ours, too," said Johnny, "for every time you are ordered to move we move too." Another Johnny said, "You'uns don't light we'uns fair. YouTins go round and tight we'uns on the eend." On the Kth of July the regiment, with the brigade, crossed the Chattahoochie on pontoons, at Pace's Ferry, and by the evening of the 19th the entire army had effected a crossing. The river was about one hundred and fifty yards wide and was spanned by two pontoon bridges. To make the passage as speedily as possible, the front rank men went to the right and the rear rank men to the left. 138 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Alter crossing, the regiment marched about three miles and went into camp for the night, on the crest of a ridge in column of division. Up to this time the enemy had been steadily falling back. The Confederate soldiers were becoming more or less discouraged, and the authorities at Richmond were impatient. General Joe Johnston had done his very best, under the circumstances, but not enough to meet the demands made upon him, and he was succeeded by the dashing and impetuous General Hood, who did more fighting, but with no better success, as the results proved. On the 18th it was with some difficulty that the troops crossed Nancy's Creek. The brigade then marched, in two lines of battle, with the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana in front line, and the Twenty-second Wisconsin and Nineteenth Michigan in the second line, until the Buckhead and Decatur road was reached, when the march was continued by column of company or platoon, according to the width of the road, then by the right flank, and, finally, after a good deal of maneuvering, went into camp in two lines of battle near Buck Head. The brigade remained in camp all day of the 19th. BATTLE OF PEACH TREE CREEK. About 2 o'clock a. m., July 20, the brigade received orders to be ready to march by daylight, and about 7 o'clock a. m., the regiment moved out. The time was occupied principally in shifting from one position to another, marching along poorly constructed roads and through dense thickets until Peach Tree Creek was finally reached at about 10 o'clock a. m. After the brigade and division had success- fully crossed the creek skirmishers were thrown out to> cover each brigade front- — the Twenty-second Wisconsin performing that duty for the Second brigade. Private Henry Crist, of Company I, who had been out near the skirmish line gathering blackberries, discovered what he supposed to be the enemy advancing. He hastily reported the fact to Colonel Coburn, who at once informed General Ward, the division commander, and urged him to advance. Ward flatly refused to assume the re- sponsibility, saying thai General Hooker had ordered him to remain in the valley. Colonel Coburn insisted that unless a. forward move- ment was made quickly the division would be driven into the creek and overwhelmed with disaster. Finally, General Ward agreed that the advance should be made if Colonel Coburn would go out and see for himself that the rebels were coming. Upon this he went, and meeting Colonel Harrison, commanding the First brigade, informed him that General Ward desired both to move together if the enemy ixdiwa voi.i \ti;i:i; imwtry. 129 was coming. Colon* I I Ian- i son heartily concurred in the contemplated movement. In the meantime Colonel Coburn had given the command to his brigade to "Fall in!" He told Harrison thai if the enemy was there he w< old move forward at mice. He then went to the I >p of the ridge in Til nl and, seeing the enemy approaching and near at hand, ordered the advance. K was important to gain a certain com manjding ridge before the enemy did, which could only be done by rapid movement and overcoming great difficulties in having to ci deep ravines and to pass through dense growths of pine and oak. Upon the advance of the main line of the enemy the - 1 ir ish line of the brigade — the Twenty-second Wisconsin — was ordered to "rail] u)Kai the res< rve," which was done very soon after the Second brig tdi commenced the movement. In the meantime the First and Second br'gades advanced together with the right of the Eighty-fifth Indiana resting on the left of the First brigade and the Thirty-third Indiana nn left of the Eighty-fifth, with the Nineteenth Michigan in the rear or second line. These regiments had to cross an intervening ra- vine < i- ditch, and in doing so were met witli a galling tire. The Eighty-fifth crossed with some difficulty and upon reaching the oppo- site hank, and being partly protected by it, as the enemy came charg- ing down the rise, poured a continuous and deadly fire into his ranks, who was then only about fifty feet away. The advance of the r l hirty-third Indiana was even more difficult and hazardous, especially that of the right wing of the regiment, the left wing being more or less protected by an undergrowth of bushes. Though the right of the regiment, while crossing the ditch, was ex- posed to a deadly fire and not being able to return it. it did not waver. but unflinchingly crossed over, reformed its ranks and the united regiment and brigade poured a well-directed and effective lire into the ranks of the advancing foe, which cheeked and for a time dis- mayed the rebel front. The enemy at this time was rather favored in position, hut when the command "Forward" rang along the Union line upon its being reformed, with a yell, heard above the roar of artillery and din of musketry, the regiments id' the brigade intermingled and a- one com- mand i r organization dashed up the hill and drove the enemy from the coveted position, the temporary breastworks which had previously been erected by the skirmishers of the Twenty-second Wisconsin. It was a race between the two line- as to which would first reach the ton of this ridge, the key to the situation — the position that was necessary to the success of the line that could gain it and hold it. (9) 130 HISTOKY OF THE THIETY-THIRD The position was now gained and held by Ward's Third division, hut by severe fighting and under most adverse circumstances. All this time the enemy fought gallantly and with apparent confi- dence. General Wood's brigade (Third) did not advance with the rest of the division and the left flank of the Second brigade was in great danger of being turned, which, however, was promptly prevented by Companies G, K and B, of the Thirty-third, under command of Cap- tain Maze and Lieutenant Hollingsworth, facing to the left and standing like a stone wall, sending the enemy back faster than they came. At this juncture Colonel Coburn rode back to Colonel Winkler, of the Twenty-sixth Wisconsin, Third brigade, and asked him to order his command forward, which he did. After the crest was gained the Third brigade, by magnificent fighting, succeeded in filling the gap on s&pAjt theleft 2 _closing up to(Xorton's)division of the Fourth Corps. Colonel "' "^WoodTof the Third brigade, excused himself for not moving with the First and Second brigades by saying he had no orders to advance. The position held by the enemy was obstinately contested by them, and at times the conflict was hand to hand; but the onslaught of Ward's Third division was so terrific and well-directed that the enemy was overwhelmed, dismayed and demoralized. Three or four distinct charges were made by the enemy and as often he was gallantly repulsed. Prisoners and Enfield rifles were captured by the wholesale, and several battle flags were taken by the Second brigade. Some of the men of the Thirty-third Indiana and Nineteenth Michigan captured a rebel flag, but gave it to some officer unknown to them to take care of, but who the officer was was never known, except that he was serv- ing upon the division staff. Private Thomas J. Williamson, of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, picked up a rebel flag, waved it three times, and then threw it down, because he could not carry it and fire his gun at the same time. The flags thus captured were most probably picked up and retained by stragglers of some of the other commands. The Thirty-third Indiana captured ninety-two "Johnnies" and also 1 here to fight citizens or women and children, bat the army, and I can not promise any protection to any one; for anything, till the enemy's soldiers go out," and he turned and advanced into the city at once. As the skirmishers entered the city, they found a brigade of cavalry, winch, however, rapidly left without offering any resistance. This was about 11 o'clock a. m. About noon an additional detail was made from the regiment, consisting of Companies H, C. and I. to go to the assistance of the first detail. At night the rest of the regiment — Companies A, F, and D — were ordered to join the regi- ment and did so on the following day, with the rest of the brigade, all under command of Major Miller, of the Thirty-third Indiana. Thus it is well established that the party making the reconnoissance under Colonel Coburn were the first Union troops to enter the city of Atlanta. At 4 o'clock p. m. the Thirty-third, with the rest of the brigade, went into camp in the breastworks vacated by the enemy on the east side of the city. About all the citizens that were left were women and children, who seemed to be delighted to see Union troops, although having been subjected so long to the merciless range of artillery and musketry. Houses in the interior of the city were demolished by bursting shells, and those on the outskirts were riddled by the constant firing along the skirmish line. The enemy did not leave the city until he had rail- ed the stores and destroyed the arsenal, foundries, five locomot eighty-one cars, twenty-eight carloads of ordnance, thirteen heavy guns and carriages, and some quartermaster, medical, and commissary stores. General Sherman, having determined to strengthen his position in and about Atlanta, promulgated an order that the citizens of all classes must leave the city. They remonstrated, and the Confederate military authorities joined them in their protest, but "Old Tecump" was unyielding, and in response to his order 98 men, 395 women, 605 children, and 70 servants, a total of 1,168, went southward to join their friends, after being first supplied with five days' rations. A large number went north on the railroad and were allowed to move furniture and personal effects. Note.— The surrender of Atlanta was reported by Lieut. Henry M. Seott as made to him. and in addition General Ward reported a written surrender to himself by the mayor of Atlanta. Colonel Coburn was in command of the reconnoissanoe, and the surrender was made to him, personally, by the mayor. Lieutenant Scott was in his command and INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 139 The lines about the city had bo be Lengthened, and in deploying the Thirty-third covered a fronl of aboul four hundred and fifty yard-. On tlic L3th the regimenl moved a mile to the right and wenl into camp. Thus ended one of the most skillful, successful, and stupendous campaigns of modem times. From its very inception its ultimate success seemed In be assured. The army had full confidence in its leaders and likewise in its own prowess, and as the campaign pro- gressed and as the arm} advanced da\ by day nearer its objective point the confidence of the soldiers in themselves and their commanders strengthened. The word "Defeat" was not in its vocabulary. There were no alarming jealousies. What at times seemed to be such was rather an earnest rivalry to excel. The corps, divisions, and brigades, each had but one purpose in view — the destruction of the enemy. The Twentieth Corps, though recently organized out of troops who had seen service on widely-separated battle-fields, at once achieved a lead- ing position, and from Eesaca to Atlanta it was always in the front line of battle. The Third division, under command of General Butter- field in the early part of the campaign, and afterward under Gen. W. T. "Ward, represented the blending of troops from Illinois, Indiana, New York, Michigan, Wisconsin, Connecticut, and Massachusetts— all advanced into the city rapidly, in charge of some fifty mounted men immediately in front of Colonel Coburn and only a few rods ahead. He did not stop to speak to Mayor Calhoun, who stood a short distance off on a side street, displaying a white flag. Colonel Coburn rode up to the men and found they were the mayor and some citizens. The mayor made to him a formal surrender of the city. Lieutenant Scott was not there and did not go to the place where the mayor and his company were standing, but rode in advance down the street. The papers, purporting to be a surrender to him and to General Ward, could not have been written then and there. General Ward did not arrive in Atlanta until the next day. General Slocum, the commander of the Twentieth Corps, reported the surrender to Colonel Coburn. Every officer who referred in his reports to the surrender stated the surrender was made to Coburn. Several other officers of that Corps mention this fact in their reports. Strange to say, Lient.-Col. Thomas M. Walker, of the One Hundred and Eleventh Pennsylvania Infantry, in the Second division of the Twentieth Corps (Geary's), reported that Colonel Coburn agreed with him to wait and march into the city with him, but did not wait and went in first. Colonel Coburn states that he never saw this officer and of course never made such an agreement. The fact is that the city was surrendered to Colonel Coburn and not to Ward or Scott or any one else. His report shows this clearly. Scott claims to have said what Coburn did to the mayor almost word for word, and repeats what the mayor said to Coburn. Ward's and Scott's reports are without foundation. 140 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD working in one harmonious whole, and achieved no less honors than similar commands; but the heart of the writer distends with a just pride in recounting the valor of Col. John Cobum's Second brigade, Third division, Twentieth Corps.* r l be | receding pages illustrate but briefly the earnestness, fortitude, and bravery of this brigade on every day and upon every occasion of the campaign just closed. The casualties of the brigade show that if at all times resolutely accepted the gugf of battle. They are as follows: The Thirty-third Indiana lost 35 killed and 207 wounded, _of_whcW2p died, a total of 2^2; Nineteenth Michigan, 34 killed and I'M wounded, a total of 225; Eighty-fifth Indiana, 11 killed and 108 wounded, a total of lit), and Twenty-second Wisconsin, 27 killed and l.M wounded, a total of 181— a grand total of 108 killed and 659 wounded. The writer has no data showing the number of those dying of wounds, excepting those belonging to the Thirty-third Indiana. The casualties of the Thirty-third were greater than that of any other single regiment in General Sherman's vast army during the campaign, with the Nineteenth Michigan next. The casualties but characterize the intensity of the struggle that was going on almost daily for the mastery. No sacrifice was so great that Cobum's brigade did not accept it, and it deservedly won and maintained an honorable position in Sherman's mighty and invincible army. VALUABLE AUXILIARIES. The members of the quartermaster's and commissary departments and engineer corps, following in the wake of Sherman's army, were not *Losses in the Thirty-third Indiana during the Atlanta campaign were, chronologically, as follows: Date. Killed Wounded Date. Killed. Wounded. Mav 1.'., 1864 May ■-'•">. 18K4 Mhv '-'7, 1864 ... Mav "'8 1864 "•i 2 1 29 4V) 3 June *»7 1864 . 1 .lime "»S, 1864 2 June 30 1HU 1 Julv -jo, 1864 Juiv 2:<, 1864 A u«u-t 3 1 sc'4 20 1 71 May •".' 1864 1 1 2 R 2 1 31 2 2 1 1 Mav :;o. 1864 June 2. ISM Turin 1 ."i 1 Rfi I 1 \ <'ii-t 4, 1864 .. 1 Mliiust IX, IS(U . .. 1 June 16, 1864 June. 1!< 1861 . . . . Aniru-t '20, 1 S«4 ... AiiL-nsi 28, 1864 . November 6, 1864.. Total 1 1 1 June •_'■_». 1KM 4 June 23 1864 3o June 24 1864 207 June 26, 1864 1 Thirty-two of the 207 wounded died from the wounds received. INDIANA YOl.rNTKKK INFANTRY. 141 only numerous but also a very necessary adjund to it. To say thai without them the army could not have advanced, may seem strange, but it is true. They were largely made up of the pioneer corps and employes in the quartermaster and commissary departments. It was through them thai the roads were repaired and the bridges buill and supplies furnished. Their anxiety while the battle was on was quite as acute as those directly engaged in the conflict, yel they were often unmercifully guyed and stig natized as "c BE e-coolers," "hangsrs-i n," etc. They were wide-awake, earnest, and true— ever pushing forward in the tace of manj i bstach s. The day of the battle of Eesaca trains leaded with supplies were pushed to the vicinity of the front with greal difficulty. Traveling along the edge of an open field the train was harassed by the enemy's sharpshooters who were located on the opposite side. It might have been captured but for the timely intervention of a detachmenl of out- soldiers who drove the sharpshooters from their hiding places in the tree tops and other places of concealment. When Cohurn's brigade was making its rapid march to Cassville, without taking time to eat or sleep during the preceding forty-eight hours before reaching that point, the teams of the brigade were fol- lowing after with equal rapidity and energy and a full determina- tion to have supplies ready to be utilized as soon as opportunity was given, and they were there on time. At New Hope Church, at the close of the contest, the men, out of rations, hungry and worn out, with little thought of receiving imme- diate supplies, were promptly provisioned. Thus it was during the entire campaign. These men performed their duties well, with commendable energy, true devotion and promptness, without whose timely arrival and assistance on many an occasion the army would have suffered and pos- sibly showed signs of disintegration and weakness. Eoads and bridges had to be constructed in an incredibly short time, and nothing stood in the way of these earnest, zealous, and intelligent men of the Pioneer corps that was not overcome. The rapidity with which streams were bridged, cither by pontoons or wooden structure-;, was simply marvelous. So quickly was it done, as a rule, that the advance of the army was scarcely checked. If not interrupted by an armed force of the enemy, the widest streams — such as the Chattahoochie and the Ftowah — were bridged in less than an hour for the waiting armies. The pontoons were constructed of strong framework covered with canvas, which could readily be taken apart or put together. A.s 142 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD each succeeding boat was joined on the next preceding one, the whole w r as safely anchored and strengthened with guy ropes. The Pioneers who built the wooden structures, such as railroad bridges, were quite as efficient in their line. The railroad bridge which spanned the Chattahoochie river, more than one thousand feet long and one hundred feet high, made from timber freshly cut, was put up and the trains were moving over it in four days. One morn- ing a freshet came down the always turbulent stream and swept away some forty feet of the bridge, but this was replaced in twenty-four hours. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 143 CHAPTEB XV. MUSTER OUT OF NON- VETERANS — REORGANIZATION OF REGIMENT. The active campaign of the past four months materially interfered with the making mil of current reports and of properly keeping the records of the individual soldiers, and every moment was devoted to that end. The great amount of labor connected with the making np of the mnster-onl mils for the non-veterans, and the slow process by which the vast machinery of the army was conducted caused some — not unreasonable — anxiety among the non-veterans as to their muster out, their time having already expired on the 16th. An order having been recently issued that none of the commissioned officers would be mustered out as they had hoped, excepting those who had served three years from the date of first muster as officers, upset the calcula- tions of some of them who had fully made up their minds to retire with the non-veterans. This order was, however, modified by a subse- quent order, allowing those to resign who wished to go. The muster-out rolls were completed by the 19th, and on that date Captain Beecher mustered out one hundred and forty-three non- \eterans, and on the 20th Col. John Coburn, Capt. E. T. McCrea, Captain Day, Lieutenant Day, and Lieut. Jeff. Farr, under the original order, were mustered out. On the following day Colonel Coburn took final leave of regiment and brigade, and on the 22d the mustered out officers and enlisted men left in a body on the train for the North. Major Miller resigned on the 23d. The departure of these officers and men was a great loss to the regiment and the service. Every one of them was well fitted for cam- paign work, having seen a continuous service of full three years. The officers had each endeared themselves to the men under them by their conspicuous bravery and general knowledge of the arts of war. Colonel Coburn, aft"]- the first year's service, was given command of a brigade, of which the Thirty-third Indiana was a part, and during his entire service he was closely associated with the regiment either as regimental or brigade commander. Together they had shared in the joys and vicissitudes of army life. The weary march, the monotony of the camp, or the red blaze of battle found their interests in common and they learned to love each other. Ever on the lookout for the best interests of his men, always ready to lead them in time of battle, and his unselfish devotion to duty wherever placed, was 144 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD indeed an inspiration to t lie men, which imbued them with a sense of responsibility, and gave to the regiment an honorable standing in the annals of war, which might not have been attained under the leadership of an < Bioer ; i ssessing a lesser degree of those elements so essentia] in the ma.ke-up < f a successful commander. The very day of the battle of Thompson Station Col. John Coburn's name headed the list of officers presented to the Senate for confirma- tion as brigadier-generals, but upon that day the fortunes of war were against him and the nomination was never acted upon. Over- whelmed by the superior force of the enemy, through no fault of his own, and doomed to a Confederate prison pen with his command for several months and deprived of all opportunity to answer his ac- cusers, lie had hot a superior officer that would volunteer to do him justice. General Gilbert was not expected to aid him in the matter, as he had ignominiously tailed to support him on the field of hittle when victory could have been gained, but the division, corps, and department commanders could and should have dene so, as they were well aware that Coburn's defeat was due to General Gilbert's im- becility and non-support. In the failure of this confirmation a grave injustice was done Colonel Cbburn, and the men of his brigade well realized it. They did not approve of the Senate's action, but, on the contrary, were filled with disappointment, indignation, and a spirit of resentment, for they well knew that he deserved the honor if promotion followed merit. Tie was, however, brevetted brigadier-general March 13, 1865. At the close of the war he was honored by an election to Congress four successive terms, during a part of which time he was chairman of the Committee on Military Affairs of the House of Representatives. in which capacity, aided by Gen. II. V. Roynton, a prominent news- pa] er correspondent of the day, and Adjutant-General Town-end. he successfully urged before Congress the importance and necessity of the preservation ( f the records of the civil war, which were then being rapidly mutilated, and in some instances destroyed altogether. His efforts were blessed with the publication of what is known as the "Ri cords of the Rebellion." Furthermore, he formulated the hill, which subsequently became a law. making ii possible for the marking of every Union soldh r"~ grave with a headstone, in all matters of interest to the old soldier lie was active, earnest, and forceful. In him they always found a true friend. After his retirement from congressional life he filled with credit a United States district judgeship in the Territory of Montana. Since then he has been practicing law in his home city — Indianapolis. IN'DI \\ \ \ (M.i N I l : I i; l \ I' \ ISTTRl . 145 While the regiment was in [ndiana on veteran furlough, jusl before i lie A i Inula, campaign began, Lieutenant-Colonel I [enderson, who had previously proved to ho a mosl excellent officer, was deprived of his voice and unfitted to perform active service during the remainder of his term of service, ami Colonel Coburn being in command of the brigade during the campaign just ended necessarily loll the regimenl with hut. our field officer — the major. During the campaign the regiment was constantly on active duty of some kind — almost always at, the danger-point, and the duties of the commanding officer won.: most, exacting ami of grave responsibility. Maj. Levin T. Miller grasped these responsibilities and conditions and details with a readi- ness, firmness, ami intelligence that met the approval and commenda- tion of his superior officers. Throughout the entire campaign he was constantly at the head of his regiment, excepting a few days when he was disabled by a piece of bursting shell, when the command was assumed by Capt. E. T. McCrea, the senior captain of the regiment and a most gallant officer. The magnificent record made by the regiment was largely due to the earnest and conscientious efforts of all the officers who returned to their homes at the end of the three years. Upon the reorganization of the regiment, at the close of the three years, by the selection of field and staff officers, as well as many officers of the line, the regiment did not, suffer in the change. The wvw officers had seen equal service with the retiring ones, but in subordi- nate capacities, and were therefore well equipped to perform all the new duties imposed upon them, and the remainder of the service of the regiment was characterized with the same vigor and gallantry for which it had previously been so frequently complimented. On the 24th of September Capt. dames E. Burton, of Company IT, assumed command of the regiment.* *On the 8th of November the following officers received commissions ajid on the 10th were remustered by Captain Beecher, to wit: Capt. James E. Burton, of Company H, as lieutenant-colonel; Capt. John P. Niederauer, of Company K. as major; Quartermaster-Sergt. J. R. Mc- Bride, as first lieutenant and adjutant; Lrieut. W. A. Dilley, of Company A, as captain; Lieut. B. H. Freeland, of Company B, as captain; Sergt. H. H. Jeter, of Company B, as first lieutenant; Sergt. Amos J. Thomas, Company C, as captain; Lieut. William Chandler, of Company D, as cap- tain; Sergt. David A. Fateley, of Company D, as first lieutenant; Sergt. John T. Slough, of Company H, as captain, and Eftos Halbert as captain of Company I. Some of these had already been filling the offices desig- nated in their commissions for several months, the adjutant having as- sumed the duties of his office as early as August 1. (\0) 146 BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD ' COL. JOHN COBURN'S FAREWELL ADDRESS. Headquarters Second Brigade Third Division, Twentieth Army Corps. Atlanta, Georgia, September 20, 1804. Soldiers of the Second Brigade: My term of service has expired amd I am about to be separated from you. We have heen associated as a brigade almost two years. We have borne in that time all the burdens and endured all the trials and hardships of war together. This experience has made us friends — such friends as only suffering and toil together can make. In that time you have shared am eventful part in the great struggle of the age. In Kentucky, Tennes- see, and Georgia you have nobly illustrated the history of your own states of Indiana, Michigan, and Wisconsin. That history can not be written without a record of your calm patience, disciplined courage, and heroic daring. The bloody and desperate battle at Thompson Station and the successful fights at Franklin in Tennessee gave early proof of your valor. While in the past campaign, at Resaca, Cassville, New Hope Church, Gulp's Farm. Peach Tree Creek, and Atlanta you have, in the front of the tight, borne straight onward your victorious banners. At Resaca your flags were the first to wave on the enemy's ramparts, at New Hope Church the fury of your onset redeemed the day's disaster, at Peach Tree Creek your charge rivaled the most famous feats of arms in the annals of war, 'and at Atlanta your ranks were the first to climb the works of the enemy and take possession of that renowned city. The Thirty-third Indiana at Wild Cat fought the first battle amd won the first victory gained by the Army of the Cumberland, and the uuited brigade fired the last shot at the flying foe as he fled from his stronghold in Atlanta. But not alone in the stormy and fiery fight have you been tried. You have by long marches, by herculean labors upon field-works, by cheerful obedience, by watching that knew no surprise, and by toil that knew no rest or weariness, eclipsed the fame of your daring in battle and placed high above the glitter of victorious arms the steady light of your solid virtues. We have lived together as brethren in a great common cause. We part, our hearts glowing with the same partiotic ardor, and hereafter. when the war is over and the light of home is smiling around you, you will have no prouder memories than those associated with this brigade. Your comrades in arms are sleeping beneath the clods of the valley from Ohio to Atlanta, and from Atlanta to Richmond. Faithful, patient, and brave, they have givem to their country and God whatever martyrs and heroes can give, and as one by one they fell out from your glorious ranks they have added .new testimony to the sacredness of your cause. My friends and soldiers, farewell. JOHN COBURN. Colonel. Thirty-third Indiana Volunteers, Commanding Brigade. INDIANA 70LUNTEEK INF WTIIN . L41 GHAPTEK XVI. OCCUPATION OF ATLANTA BY THE TWENTIETH CORPS. The enemy remained a safe distance from Atlanta during almost the entire month of September, and the troops garrisoning the city had ample tunc to recuperate. The lull in active warfare gave an opportunity in many of the officers to return home on Leaves of absence. The departure of these officers, together with those mus- tered Mm. by reason of expiration of service, left all the regiments in the brigade hut one in command of captains. During this time the army was kept ready for motion at a moment's notice, as the next movement of the enemy was uncertain. It was not till the 29th that the troop- looked for more substantial quarters. When the work of building quarters had begun in earnest, the boys soon had the best sort of shelter, built out of material taken from the abandoned houses in and about Atlanta. All the troops, excepting the Twentieth Corps, were taken from At- lanta on the 3d of October. This Corps lost no time in strengthening the defenses, and one hundred and forty-three men were detailed from the Thirty-third Indiana to assist in the work. The building of fortifications did not cease until about the loth. The persistent attacks of the enemy along the railroad in the rear caused a, scarcity of rations, and for several days the troops were nearly destitute of meats; but relief finally came in the shape of 2,200 cattle, and the arrival of forage trains on the 1 fth loaded with 6,000 bushels ,f co , ra — half rations for the animals for ten days. On the Kith, at 5:30 a. m.. a foraging party, consisting of one brigade from each of three divisions (Third brigade. First division; Second brigade, Second division, and Second brigade of Third divi- sion, which included the Thirty-third Indiana) of the Twentieth Corps, a division of cavalry, and a battery of artillery, started on a live days' foraging expedition, having in charge a, train of seven hundred and thirty-three wagons, the Thirty-third moving out as rear guard for the expedition, ami at 11 o'clock p. m. of same day went into camp between Yellowstone and South rivers. On the following day the Third brigade, First division, and two sections of artillery were left in charge of about four hundred wagons at Flat Shoals, while the re- mainder of the troops and wagon- moved to the left hank of South river in quest of forage. Though the country was poor and apparently unproductive, the train was loaded by nightfall. On the next day, the 18th, the Second brigade. Third division, and two sections of artillery 148 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD were left in charge of the unloaded wagons, while the Second brigade, Second division, crossed the South river and succeeded without diffi- culty in obtaining enough corn to load the entire train, although the enemy offered a slight resistance. Then, again, the regiment, with other troops, on the 26th, under command of General Geary, made a second expedition for forage, with eight hundred wagons, in the direction of Stone mountain, to the east of Atlanta, which was a suc- cess, after having marched about fifty miles in the four days thus engaged. The several expeditions secured six thousand bushels of corn, five mules, and twenty-one bales of cotton. On the 5th of November the regiment went into camp about three' miles from Atlanta, and at daylight on the 6th the enemy made a spirited attack on the picket-post, capturing knapsacks and haver- sacks, killing Hiram Like, private of Company B. and then disap- peared. Before daylight on the morning of the 9th the garrison was aroused by the sounds of artillery in the front and found a force of the enemy attacking the line on the East Point road. A portion of the pickets were driven in by a charge of dismounted cavalry from Iverson's brigade of Georgia troops. This line of the enemy advanced within about one hundred and fifty yards of the outer works when they received a destructive fire and retreated hastily. In the meantime they had planted a battery within four hundred yards of our works and served it quite rapidly for an hour, many shots falling in the camp of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, but without injuring a single person. The whole affair lasted about one hour. The enemy left in our hands two dead, two prisoners, one mortally wounded, and fifteen to twenty carried away. On the 11th the regiment had its first battalion drill since the campaign opened in May — in fact, since leaving Christiana, Tennes- see, almost a year previous. The reveille was beaten every morning at 5 o'clock, when the companies would form into line and stack arms to be ready for an anticipated attack, but none was made. On this day and the 12th the military authorities were actively engaged in destroying the railroad shops. The destruction by fire of public build- ings, depots, machine shops, etc.. necessarily involved the loss of some private property. The lire was effective in destroying several squares of buildings. The movement of Hood to Tennessee was rightly construed by Sherman as a scheme of Jeff Davis' to get the Union army out of Georgia. When the race in the direction of Nashville began between Hood's army and the Fourth and Twenty-third Corps, the rest of Sher- man's army was being skillfully and systematically concentrated at INDIANA VOLUNTEEK INFANTRY. 149 Atlanta, and in doing so the railroad from Chattanooga to Atlanta was effectually destroyed. The Army of the Cumberland held the city of Atlanta, the Army of the Tennessse was grouped at East Point, and the Army of the Ohio held Decatur. On the 13th an order was promulgated for the reorganization of the army, designating it the "Army of Georgia," the Fifteenth and Seven- teenth Corps forming the right wing, under command of General Howard, and the Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps the left wing, under command of General Slocum. The Twentieth Corps was commanded by Gen. A. S. Williams. Orders had previously been issued requiring the shipment of all surplus artillery, all baggage not needed for the contemplated march to the sea, all the sick and wounded, refugees, etc., to Chattanooga, and was completed by November 11, leaving an aggregate strength of 60,000 infantry. 5,500 cavalry, and artillery reduced to one gun per 1,000 men. By the 7th all the sick of the Thirty-third Indiana — every man not physically able to participate in an active campaign — was sent to the North. Thus everything was in readiness on the 14th, when the troops were ordered to march at 7 o'clock a. m., on the 15th, to begin what is now known in history and to all the people as "Sherman's march to the sea." 150 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD CHAPTEK XVII. MARCH TO THE SEA. The mind thai is comprehensive enough to properly organize and equip a vast army and to conduct successfully an aggressive campaign in a hostile country is deservedly entitled to great praise from a mili- tary standpoint. Thorough system is necessary in every detail. Di- vided into several smaller commands, properly officered, etc., the en- tire machinery, to he successful, must work together without friction. This may he said of the organization of General Sherman's army and its campaign to the sea. General Sherman had a staff of five officers, whose duties were, chiefly, to transmit orders to subordinates — the several corps com- manders. Besides, he had a chief of artillery to look after that arm of the service; a chief quartermaster, to look after transportation; an inspector-general, to see that troops were properly equipped and organ- ized; a chief of engineers, to supervise the building of works of defense; a medical director, to see that the army was supplied with medicines, etc.; a chief commissary, to provision the army, and a chief signal officer, under whose direction messages were sent to and from different parts of the army by a code of signals. These were the officers who chiefly controlled the destiny of Sherman's army after it had left Atlanta. Thus organized and equipped, and supported by the experiences of the campaign from Chattanooga to Atlanta, the invincible strength of the army was assured. The troops were supplied* with good wagon-trains, loaded with ammunition and supplies, approximately twenty days of bread, forty days of sugar and coffee, a double allowance of salt for forty days, and beef cattle equal to forty days' supplies, and about three day- of forage in grain. The Thirty-third Indiana, with the rest of the brigade and division, moved out of cam]) and toward the sea about !> o'clock a. m. on the morning of November 15, 1864, leaving Atlanta in the rear, blazing and smoking, as an object lesson in the realities of war. Order of march was that the divisions in Corps should alternate, and likewise brigades in the divisions. The movement was irregular and irksome at first, due to the -low progress made in getting the ponderous wagon trains in motion. Shortly after passing Decatur the town was experiencing the fiery ordeal through which Atlanta was passing. The march continued all night, the troops, on the morning of the Kith only resting long enough to breakfast, then finally going INDIANA VOLUNTEER IM'WTKY 151 into eamp for the da\ about eighl mile- easl of Stone mountain, [solated houses would mysteriously take fire, Lighting up the line of march almosi with the brilliancy of 'lav. r n H > movement of the army was somewhat mystifying to those not ,„ the secret. We fell confident thai a long and exciting campaign was before as, hut our destination was uncertain, the prevailing belief being thai wo would go to the coast, hut at what point was unknown. We knew that the army had cut Loose from everything, and that, its base of supplies was with the army itself the countrj through which it was passing. Transportation for everything that was not, actual supplies for the horses and men was minimized. On May 3, at the beginning of the Atlanta campaign. General Sherman had occasion to write to Gen. M. ('. Meigs ahout transporta- tion, and the following extract from his letter seems prophetic— that, in the march to the sea, we realized its meaning and fulfillment, that we would not soldier as we had been doing during the two years pre- vious. Sherman said: My entire headquarters' transportation is one wagon for myself, aides, officers, clerks, and orderlies. I think that is as low down as we can get until we get flat broke, and thenceforward things will begin to mend. Soldiering, as we have been doing for the past two years, with such trains and impediments, has been a farce, and (nothing but absolute poverty will cure it. I will be glad to hear Uncle Sam say, "We can not afford to do this and that— you must gather your own grub and wagons, and bivouac and fight, not for pay, but for self-existence." I think that period is not far distant. The march to the sea and through the Carolinas must have been the •'period" that was to him not far distant. Orders were at once issued looking to the formation of foraging parties, and details of men for that purpose were made with great care. The second day out the first foraging party from the Thirty- third Indiana was Company A. after which the party was usually made up from eaclt company. The marching was continuous and very tiresome. The brigade passed through Sheffield and by Sumner's mill, and crossed Big Haynes creek without halting. The men were not allowed to rest long enough to get any sleep or to cook anything to eat. This continued until 3:30 o'clock a. m. of the 18th, when the troop- were permitted to bivouac till morning. When early morning came, the march continued until noon, when the regiment halted at Social Circle for dinner. We were now in the heart of the best agricultural producing region of Georgia. Smoke-houses, barns, farms, and gardens yielded liberal supplies of many of the necessaries of life— hams and other meat-. 152 111ST0KY OF 1HE THIKTY-THIRD sweel potatoes, honey, etc., for the men, and corn, etc., in abundance for the animals. Upon reaching Kutledge Station on the Augusta & Atlantic rail- road, the Second brigade was detailed to destroy the road. The damage was completed in great haste. The men were deployed along the side of the track and turned it over for miles, not unlike the turning of a furrow by the plow. The constant marching and labor incident to the destruction of the road fatigued the men greatly, but they did not murmur. On the morning of the 19th of November a dense fog made the marching very difficult. The men now began to realize the importance of carrying as little as possible, and threw away everything not abso- lutely necessary. The work of destroying the railroad — a distance of four miles — was resumed. The rails were taken from the ties and the ties and mils were piled in alternate layers. To this fire was applied. The men were provided with claws to twist the bars after heing heated, which effectually destroyed their future usefulness. The brigade went into camp about four miles from Madison. The town was deserted by the entire male population. Foragers, afterward called •'bummers," began to realize heavily upon their investments. In addition to vegetables and fruits, they succeeded in getting stock — horses, mules, cattle, sheep, and hogs. The army was living high, hut prudent. About this time Howell Cohb issued a call to Georgians to "rise and ■defend their homes, liberties, etc., from the step of the invader, to burn and destroy everything in his front, and assail him on all sides," hut the movement of the army was so mysterious and covering such a vast area that the advice of Cobb could not be (or, at least, was not) enforced. The order previously issued prohibiting the men from shooting stock was again renewed— that the killing must be done by other means than shooting, and also that thereafter no building would be burned or destroyed, except upon the order of the Corps commander, which would only be given to commanders of rear divisions. As the army progressed, the negro population began to flock to it until it became a serious burden. Men women, and children poured in from every direction. On the 20th of November the Second brigade was detailed as train- guards — four men being assigned to each wagon. The movement was slow and perplexing. At dark the regiment was ordered to go into camp, but being deployed at such great length, and owing to the INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 153 intensity of the darkness w was with great difficulty thai the men reached their commands. On the 21st the Thirtj third moved out in advance of the brigade at 5 o'clock a. m., passed through Eatonton, the terminus of a branch railroad intersecting the Georgia railroad at Gordon, and went into camp one-half mile from Little river. The marching was very diffi- cult, troops and teams having to struggle through the rain and along abominable roads. The march was continued on the 22d and until 3 o'clock a. m., on the 23d. when we reached Milledgeville. Many of the mules gave out and were abandoned, but their places were sup- plied by successful drafts from the surrounding country. The Second brigade was deployed along the train the same as the clay previous, and the marching, if anything, was more perplexing and difficult. MILLEDGEVILLE. The Georgia Legislature had been in session, but upon the approach of the army the members hastily left the capital, and while the army halted at that point many of the officers conceived the idea of hold- ing a mock legislature, during which the question of the secession of Georgia from the Union was raised and discussed. Col. James S. Robinson, of the Eighty-second Ohio Infantry, was the president. The debates were both earnest and interesting, representing the pro and con of secession. When the final vote was taken, by a decided majority, the body preferred, as expressed, "the grand old flag." At 6 o'clock a. m., on the 24th, the regiment, with the brigade, left Milledgeville and crossed the Oconee river, and after marching about half a mile halted till 3 o'clock p. m. The difficulties of the march increased with the continued swampy nature of the country. The fog and darkness combined, together with the cold weather, added to the irksomeness of the march. Torches were applied to the fences, and on either side of the road there was a continuous blaze for miles, but the light and heat were insufficient to penetrate the dense fog or to give warmth to the body. The regiment did not get into camp till 3:30 o'clock a. m., on the 25th, and remained only till 7 o'clock a. m., when the entire division moved out in rear of corps. Six com- panies of the regiment were deployed along the wagon train, and two companies marched two miles in the rear as guards. The march was slow, only traveling five miles in five hours. After halting till 4 o'clock p. m. the troops moved to Buffalo creek and went into camp for the night on the farm of the man who burned the bridge which spanned the creek at this point. The torch was applied to his houses and fences as a penalty. The Pioneer corps rebuilt the bridge and 154 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD then effectually destroyed it after the army had safely crossed over, which was on the morning of the 26th. The negroes continued to Hock to the army. Some of them were utilized as servants, hut the great mass was becoming an alarming incubus. Persuasions or threat- did not deter them. Like the an- cient plague of locusts, their number increased with each succeeding day. They had to be fed the same as the troops. Notwithstanding the anxiety occasioned by their presence they afforded considerable amusement to the army. Their plantation manners, thorough suh- ordination. and plaintive sung-; their natural love for the dance and frequent displays of strength rather touched the kindly nature of the great body of soldiers, and during the march the negro was treated as humanely as the circumstances would permit. The foragers had now gained enough experience to overcome many of the embarrassments with which they were at first surrounded. When the army left Atlanta the horse- and wagons were reduced to the actual needs of transportation of supplies then on hand. To forage off the country, covering, as ii did, so great an area of territory, made it necessary to increase the auxiliaries as rapidly as possible. At first the foragers proceeded on foot, but it was not long till they became possessed of wagons, carriages, mules and horses suffi- cient to carry all the supplies which they found, and it is not believed that any of the supplies that were in their pathway escaped attention. On the night of the 26th the brigade camped near Saundersville, and on the morning of the 27th moved out about three miles and halted until after dinner. The delay was caused by getting on the wrong road. The brigade was deployed along the wagon-train and did not reach Davisboro, a station on the railroad, until 8 o'clock p. m. On the 28th the Thirty-third moved out before daylight in advance of the corps. Companies F, D, I and C were pushed forward as ad- vance guards under command of Major Niederauer. On approaching the Ogeeche river the troops were fired into by the enemy, but without any casualties. The brigade was thrown out to the left of the road in an open field, the Thirty-third in the front line, where it lay in line of battle until late in the evening, when the entire brigade moved to the rear one-fourth of a mile and reformed in single line of battle. Thus the line remained until about 5 o'clock a. m. of the 29th, when we received orders to move in fifteen minutes. The brigade moved out to main road — the Nineteenth Michigan and Eighty-fifth Indiana on the right of road and the Twenty-second Wisconsin and Thirty- third Indiana on the left, and all in line of battle. The bridge that -panned the river at this point was destroyed by the enemy and in IMHAXA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTKT. 155 part caused the delay. The river was about sixty yard- wide When the pontoon bridge had been completed, the entire division crossed over, excepting the Thirty-third Indiana, whose duty it was to guard the bridge. The men were not permitted to retire till 11:30 o'clock p. m. A slight alarm had been created by some rebel cavalry firing at Captain Bone, of the Twenty-second Wisconsin, of the brigade staff, who was out Looking after the picket line. Our advance up to this time* had been frequently contested by Wheeler's cavalry, and the General, in his subsequent reports, made it appear that we always fell back in confusion, when, in fact, as the army advanced, the enemy scattered like chaff before the wind. The regiment remained in camp till 6 o'clock p. m. of the 30th, when it crossed the river, and the pontoons were taken up. It then marched through a swamp before reaching Louisville, and after going about one mile beyond the town crossed another pontoon bridge, and then plunged at once into another swamp that proved the most serious obstacle of the march. Impenetrable darkness and fog rendered it impossible for the men to see each other, who could only be located by sound. The men had to march through mud and water, the latter, in many places, waist deep, and to their confusion often tumbling over each other, and sometimes finding it difficult to extricate them- selves from the mud. Those who were mounted could do nothing more than let their animals go as they pleased. The brigade did not get into camp until 1 o'clock a. m., December 1, and after a brief resl the march continued through swamps without a break until 12 o'clock at night, when the regiment went into camp. On the 2d the regiment moved in advance of the division without an opportunity to get breakfast, and the first part of the day was almost wholly devoted to marching through swamps and crossing Baker's creek. In many instances there were treacherous quicksands, which added greatly to the difficulties in getting the trains along. In the afternoon the country and roads improved and the regiment went into camp about 9 o'clock p. m., one mile west of Buckhead creek. Verified reports reached the troo] - that foragers were being killed after capture, and otherwise brutally treated, but this was not unex- pected as it was in harmony with the teachings of some of the rebel newspapers. On the 26th of November the "Savannah, Georgia, Daily Morning News." among other things, said of Sherman's army: We have reason to believe they will be seriously bushwhacked, and, we trust, cut to pieces. They are sprawling all over the country, and those who are not walling to surrender can be beautifully bushwhacked. Let all the old and youug folks turn out and give the rascals a taste of Georgia state sovereignty. 156 HISTORY OF THE THIKTY-THIRD M1LLEN PRISON. On the morning of December 3 the brigade was ordered to report to Genera] Geaxy, who placed it in charge of two hundred and forty wagons belonging to the cavalry. The men were deployed along the train, marching four paces apart. The roads were in excellent con- dition until Millen prison was reached. The troops halted here one hour. The prison had been recently constructed with a view of re- ceiving the Andersonville prisoners. It was located about five miles north of Millen, eighty miles from Savannah and fifty miles from Augusta, and until our arrival had contained from 6,000 to 7,000 prisoners. The transfer of the Andersonville prisoners was made without difficulty under a promise of an exchange. The stockade was eight hundred feet square, covering nearly fifteen acres, resembling very much the construction and dimensions of the Andersonville prison. It was inclosed with heavy pine logs, about fifteen feet high. On the top the sentry boxes were about eighty yards apart, and thirty feet from the fence a "dead line" was constructed of light scantling. supported on short posts. The prisoners were turned into this pen without shelter, and in midwinter. They, however, improvised some shelter with mud and sod. Eight brick bake ovens were partially constructed. The imprisonment here was brief but disastrous. Three men were found dead in the huts, and a long trench on the outside had a board at one end bearing the inscription, "650 buried here." To the southeast two forts were in an incompleted condition, and to the southwest a small stockade was in process of construction. Mr. John McElroy, who was there as a prisoner, in his book entitled "Andersonville," says, in regard to Millen prison: As November wore away, long-continued, chilling, searching rains desolated our days and nights. The great, cold drops pelted down slowly, dismally, and incessantly. Each seemed to beat through our emaciated frames against the very marrow of our bones, and to be battering its way remorselessly into the citadel of life, like the cruel drops that fell from the basin of the inquisitors upon the firmly fastened head of the victim, until his reason fled, and the death agony cramped his heart to stillness. The lagging, leaden hours were impressibly dreary. Compared with many others we were comfortable, as our hut protected us from the actual beating of the rain upon our bodies; but we were much more miser- able tban under the sweltering heat of Andersonville, as we lay almost naked upon our bed of pine leaves, shivering in the raw, rasping air, and looked out over acres of wretches lying dumbly on the sodden saiid. receiving the benumbing drench of the sullen skies without a groan or a motion. It was enough to kill healthy, vigorous men, active and reso- lute, with bodies well nourished and well clothed, and with minds viva- cious and hopeful, to stand these day-and-night long cold drenchings. No one can imagine how fatal it was to boys whose vitality was sapped INDIANA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTRY. 157 by long months in Andersonville by coarse, meager, changeless food, by groveling on the bare earth, and by hopelessness as to any improvement of condition. Fever, rheumatism, throal and lung diseases, and despair now came to complete the work begun by scurvy, dysentei-y. and gangrene in Andersonville. Hundreds, weary of the struggle, and of hoping against hope, laid themselves down and yielded to fate. In the six weeks that we were at Milieu one man in every ten died. The ghostly pines there sigh over the unnoted graves of 700 boys for whom life's morning closed in the gloomiest shadows. As many as would form a splendid regiment- as many as constitute the first-born of a populous city— more than three times as many as were slain outright on our side in the bloody battle of Franklin, succumbed to this new hardship. The country for which they died does not even have a record of their names. They were simply blotted out of existence; they became as though they never had been. ADVANCE ON SAVANNAH. After Leaving Milieu prison Late in the evening the brigade plunged into another swamp and continued the march until 2 o'clock in the morning, when, hungry and worn out. they sought sleep. < In December 4 (Sunday) the marching was very much interrupted. A dam that backed up a large body of water for milling purposes, to- gether with the mill, had been destroyed by the enemy to cheek our progress. For a short time it served its purpose. The water soon subsided. Toward evening, after crossing Big and Little Horn creeks. the regiment went into camp after traveling about five miles. On the 5th the march was continued through swamps, and part of the day the regiment was deployed along the trains. On the morning of the 6th the Thirty-third moved out in advance of the Corps at 6 o'clock. The trains were ordered to carry four days' rations of feed for the horses, as the country to be passed through would continue to be swampy and could not be depended upon for subsistence. How- ever, the foragers continued to bring in liberal supplies for the men. They captured a drove of cattle which had been secreted in a swamp. In many respects the negroes along the line of march were a valuable auxiliary to the army, it was through them that the foragers, in many instances, learned where stock and forage and other subsistence were hidden. The roads were now blockaded with fallen trees, hut as the country was very flat the obstructions were easily removed and caused no perceptible delay. On the 7th the brigade crossed Turkey creek, and after marching fifteen miles went into camp near Springfield, and on the 8th the Third division moved in rear of the Corps to guard the entire train, and in doing so the men marched in single file. After passing through Springfield the army plunged into another swamp, where the enemy made another attempt to blockade, but, however, without interfering 158 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD with the march. It was nature, not the enemy, that was causing trouble. The roads were in the worst possible condition. The wheels would cut through to the hubs, and the wagons became widely scat- tered. In many instance- the corduroy would he engulfed by the quicksands and water, from the time the army left Madison the duty of guarding the corps train had been turned wholly over to the Third division. Twentieth Corps, and while it was a place of great honor, for the capture or destruction of the supply trains would have endangered the success of the movement, it entailed upon the men a vast amount of additional labor, in that they were often required to aid the mules by placing their own shoulders to the wheels. On December 5 the Eighty-fifth Indiana moved out in advance of brigade and engaged in roadbuilding. The Thirty-third was pushed forward on •'double-quick'' time to a cross-roads to guard the flanks, where it arrived just as the rear of the Seventeenth Corps was passing. Company F was stationed on one road, and Companies G and B, un- der the command of Major Mederauer, on the other, about one hun- dred yards from the crossing. The regiment was soon relieved by the NTineteenth Michigan, when subsequently the brigade advanced about eight miles nearer Savannah, and went into camp on the edge of a swamp winch had been blockaded. The brigade camped in line of battle and the Pioneer Corps removed the blockade and repaired the road for the passage of the train. On December 10 the Thirty-third marched in advance, with Com- pany F as a vanguard and Company D as flankers on the right and ( oiupany T on the left. The march was rapid. The enemy fired some shells at the troops, but without effect. About 10 o'clock a. m. the Third division readied the railroad, which was being destroyed by the First division, and finally went into camp in column of division. The Corps reached the vicinity of Savannah December 11, and seventy-five men, under command of Captain Fleming, of Company F, were detailed as foragers. The brigade remained in camp until about 4 o'clock p. in., when it took an advanced position, finally es- tablishing a line of battle in a thicket. The line thus drawn about Savannah meant the investment and early downfall of the city. Ra- tions had become very much reduced. Only one-third rations of crackers and a small quantity of potatoes were issued to each man. There was very little firing by the pickets, but the batteries of the enemy kept up a constant cannonading along the front, without doing any perceptible damage. The foragers of the Second brigade were the first to take possession of some rice mills on the upper end of Hutchinson's island, who were I \ iii \\ \ VOLUNTEI I; l\ l \\Tl;Y 159 shortly after relieved by the Twenty-second Wisconsin, whose duty, also, was to guard a battery that commanded the river. 'The mills were run under the direction of Lieutenant Harbert, brigade commis- sary. When all the available rice was hulled, it was put in sacks, ill,. n placed on barges and shipped to the troops on the mainland, ^hich contributed materially to the relief of the embarrassed con- ditio* 'd' the commissary department, the supplies having now been reduced to fresh beef and rice, with very little salt. On the L2th of December a rebel gunboat and two transports loaded with supplies made a vain attempt to run the blockade thus formed. One of the transports was captured. The other boats escaped. The position of the brigade was changed again, the Thirty-third being shifted to the right the distance of the regiment, with the Eighty-fifth Indiana immediately in rear. The woods were well supplied with what is known as "Spanish moss,' 3 which was generally appropriated by the men for bedding purposes, but which had to be abandoned very soon because of its transmitting malarial poison to almost all of the men who had slept upon it. CAPTURE OF FORT MCALLISTER. With the capture of Fort McAllister on the 14th, with nineteen cannon and three hundred prisoners, in which the Federal loss was only eight killed and seventy wounded, the last means of defense of Savannah was destroyed and the early capitulation of the city assured. Pursuant to orders, on the 15th, the Second brigade moved to the left and relieved the Second brigade. First division, and went into camp with the Thirty-third on right of brigade. During the night the enemy sent over a number of shells, which were greeted with the "Yankee cheer" as they passed harmlessly by. The picket line was established five hundred yards in advance of line of battle and within five hundred yards of the enemy's line of battle. On the 17th the troops received their first mail from the North — from home and friends, and the 18th and 19th was devoted entirely to company and brigade inspection. On the night of the 20th the enemy evacuated Savannah, and at 5 o'clock a. m. of the 21st the Thirty-third moved out of camp in advance of brigade ami was soon in the outer line of works of the enemy. After resting a short time another advance was made, and about noon the regiment went into camp on the outskirts of the city. The capture of the city meant some rest for the troops. 160 HISTOEY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Immediately upon the city's downfall and occupancy of it by the Union troops, General Sherman forwarded the following dispatch to President Lincoln: I beg to present to you, as a Christmas gift, the city of Savannah, with one hundred and fifty guns and plenty of ammunition, and also twenty-five thousand bales of cottoin. General Sherman said of the campaign: Not a wagon was lost. The teams were in better condition than when they started; 2G5 miles of railroad were destroyed— Georgia railroad, 60 miles, from Atlanta to Madison, and 140 miles of the Georgia Central, from 10 miles west of Gordon to Savannah, and about 50 miles on the Charleston road. i\in\\\ \ (H.i \ i i i : i : i\ i an i i;n . 161 CHAPTEE Will. THE A.RM3 CROSSES THE SAVANNAH RIVER. The march across the Carolina- was the next thing in order. Gen- era] Howard, commanding the right wing, was ordered to embark command at Thunderbolt, transport it to Beaufort, South Carolina, and thence, by the 15th of January, make a Lodgment on the Charles- ton railroad at or near Pocotaligo<, which was successfully done. The left wing, General Slocum, and the cavalry. General Kilpatrick, were ordered to rendezvous about the same time near Robertsville and Coosawatchie, Smith Carolina, with a depot of supplies at Purysburg or Sister's Kerry, on the Savannah river. The Fourteenth Corps commenced its march on the Georgia side of the Savannah river. The rainy season had now set in and progress was very slow. The roads had to he corduroyed to make travel possi- ble. The unusually high water m the river had submerged the low and swampy hanks, peculiar to the river, several feet under the water, making it almost impossible to find a place suitable to lay pontoons; but what was known as "Sister's Ferry" was agreed upon as the place to cross. A crossing was finally made, but the frequent explosion of torpedoes, concealed under the water and drift, subjected the working parties to considerable danger and several men were killed and wounded by the infernal machines. The 'twentieth Corps was ordered to the same point, but to move by May of the Smith Carolina shore. The extraordinary overflow of the Savannah river, submerging the Low rice fields and many of the arti- ficial dikes upon which the corduroy was laid, cut off Geary's (Second) division and a portion of the train of Jackson's (First) division. Gen- eral Geary, with his division and two regiments and the wagon-train of the First division followed the Fourteenth Corps on the west side of the river. A full month was consumed in getting the army, together with the necessary supplies, across the river. On the 31st of December the Second brigade marched into the city and aero-- the Savannah river to Hutchinson's Tsland to support the 1 ion t ooners who were engaged in laying a pontoon bridge from the island to the South Carolina shore. Having to contend with a strong and chilling northwest wind and the enemy's sharpshooters, who suc- ceeded in wounding two men. the attempt was a failure, and the bri- gade returned to it- old camp in Savannah and bivouacked till morning. (ID 162 HISTOID (![•• THE THIRTY-THIRD Hutchinson's I -lain I was about seven mile- long and contained aboul nine hundred acres, mi which were a number of rice mills, and was devoted < xclusively to rice culture. On January 1, 1865, the Second brigade moved again to the island with the same purpose in view, hut a brief delay was occasioned by the breaking in two of the pontoon bridge which connected the city with the island. A severe snowstorm prevailing during the day the attempt in hi\ the pontoi us from the island to South Carolina was a- disastrous a- that of the | receding day. After dark the Thirty-third and Eighty- fifth Indiana returned again to the city and took up quarters in some old buildings. During- the night the Nineteenth .Michigan crossed the river in Hat heats and skill'-, and the Twenty-second Wisconsin returned to the city, and at daybreak on the "id the Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana and Twenty-second Wisconsin took passage on the steamboal Planter and were soon landed in South Carolina. Robert Smalls.* the captain of the Planter, was formerly a slave. On the night id' May 12, 1863, all the officers id' the heat slept on shore in Charleston, Si uth Carolina, leaving the boat with the crew — eight colored men. Robert Smalls was the wheelman, and virtually tin' pilot, hut under the existing conditions colored men were not per- mitted that title. Smalls had previously considered the idea id' thus making his escape, and determined at once to make the venture. It was a brave act — to tail was certain death. At 3:25 o'clock a. m. of the 13th the Planter started. Small- was thoroughly familiar with the surroundings and the usual salutes in the passage of the forts in the vicinity of Charleston. Approaching Fort Sumter he stood in the pilot-house leaning out of the window with his arms folded across his breast, afti r the manner of Captain Relay, the commander of the boat, and head covered with a huge straw hat. which the captain usually wore on such occasions. The purpose of the Planter was not discov- ered until too late. I'ntil December, 1863, he served in the capacity of pilot on several vessels, was in several naval engagement-, and from Ids knowledge of the locatii n of torpedoes, which he had helped to sink, he was of great service in their removal. In one engagement the captain of the Planter deserted his post. Small- observing this at mice took command and safely carried the boat out id' range of the enemy's guns. For this timely and brave act he was promoted as captain of the Planter, which was afterward used as a supply-boat along the coast until the close o£ the war. He afterward held many *Mr. Smalls furnished the writer with the data regarding his escape, Prom which this sketch is written. INDI \\A \ oil \ i i I i: I \ i w ti;v. 163 positions of trust and with credit to himself, has ing served his district in ( longress for many years. After landing, the brigade moved up the Savannah river about a mile and went into eamp on the river bank. Ko\ familiar with the ,,1,1, ;lll( | |i,,\ V of |] H . tide, the position selected was an unfortunate one, as about midnight the entire brigade found itself in about twelve inches of water. There was no relief until daylighl came, when the regiment moved to higher ground. On the Ith the brigade went into camp aboul seven miles from the river in a beautiful grove, passing fortifications said to have been built by the Americans during the siege of Savannah in L779. The] were truly landmark- of the industry and valor of our revolutionary fathers. Here they fought in 1779 to establish a republic of and for the people, and here, in 1865, we were i ngaged in its preservation. THE MARCH ACROSS THE CAROLINAS. The tree].- were highly elated over the fact that they were at last in Smith Carolina, the birthplace of the rebellion. N"ex1 to the suc- cessful ending of the war the continuation of it in this State was their highest ambition. They were determined that this State should ex- perience the lull realities of the war its people had precipitated upon the country. I'ntil new the State had experienced but little of its cruelties, nothing as compared with other Southern State- engaged in the struggle. The brigade was now encamped upon Hardee's plantation, and the troops entered with zeal into the work of building quarters, and considering the facilities at hand succeeded fairly well. Wells were Awj;. and from tin se an ample supply i f good wati r was obtained. 'I he time from the 5th to the 16th of January, 1865, passed without unusual incident. The men were in the best of spirits, which, doubt- less, had much to do with the splendid health of the army. Extra- ordinary vigilance was expected of the picket-, which resulted in wounding some negroes, and also a private of the Sixty-third Ohio, who was escaping from the enemy. While here the troops were in- spected and found to be in admirable condition, being well supplied with all necessary ordnance and ordnance -tore-, and all other neces- sary equipment for making a successful campaign. Although knowing that the camp at Hardee'- plantation was only temporary and that the regiment would move again as soon as the army could be supplied and put in motion, the camp had every appear- ance of being permanent — regular winter quarters. The sanitary conditions of the camp were always put in the best possible condition. 164 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD and none knew the full importance of snch things better than experi- enced soldiers. "Strike tents" was an order always welcome to the men since leaving Atlanta, and especially so at this time. They knew that they had the Confederacy on the run and did not care to stop in the pursuit, and it was with great rejoicing thc\ obeyed the order on the 17th of January. All it marching fifteen miles the brigade went into camp at Purys- burg, South Carolina, about twenty-five miles above Savannah, Geor- gia, on the river of the same name. The town was deserted and the nouses mostly in ruins, but this was not the result of the war. The town had gone into decay long before. A vast amount of supplies for the army was shipped here on transports from Savannah. A reconnoissance party, made up from the division, was sent to Grahamsville and returned without making any important discovery. Company H, under Captain Slough, represented the Thirty-third Indiana. Continuous rains made it impossible for the Third division to advance beyond this point. It was waterbound. On this very spot General Lincoln's army, during the Revolutionary war, was "swamped" while on its way to reinforce General Pulaski at Savannah. Owing to the uncertainty of the departure of the troops because of the high waters, the troops built substantial quarters and otherwise improved the camp. The Thirty-third remained at Purysburg guard- ing stores, the other regiments of the brigade having been ordered to advance with the division. At last the conditions for a general advance of the army were favor- able, and at 8:30 o'clock a. m. of February 1, the Thirty-third Indiana "struck tents" and after marching fifteen miles went into camp. The destruction of dwellings and other buildings was now quite fully inaugurated, and the course of the army was often marked by dense columns of smoke. On the 2d the march was continuous, and after passing through Robertsville the regiment joined the brigade and went into camp near Lawtonville, after having marched twenty-two miles. While crossing a swamp, the enemy tried to check our progress, but the interruption was brief. The division was posted in line of 1, attic and moved across an open field in the direction of the rebels, when they lied. Previous to advancing, however, a skirmish was had in which there were two killed and twelve wounded of the First bri- gade, and of the enemy, as known, eight killed and thirty wounded. Three privates of Company II. Prettyman II. Long, Samuel P. Knight, ami Caleb Fletcher, while absent, by permission, were killed by a squad of Wheeler's cavalry. INDIANA VOLUNTEEB CNFANTBY. 165 On the 3d the Thirty-third moved ou1 in advance of the brigade, the entire brigade deploying along the train with six men to each wagon. The brigade passed through Lawtonville and on the Orange- burg road about ten miles where the Barnwell road intersected it, when the First and Third divisions \\en( into camp. The destruction of property was now confined to the rear division of each corps. Pea- nuts, sweet potatoes and Eresb pork were now found in abundance. The weather was delightful and the troops confidenl and happy. Ob the 4 tli the division moved oui in advance of the corps and the Thirty-third in rear of the brigade. Quicksands proved a serious obstacle to the movement of the wagons, which of ten sank to the hubs. Company II was detailed as foragers and captured three horses and four mule-. Wheeler's cavalry hovered close aboul the army, but scat- tered as it advanced without causing delay. The enemy kept an ispeciallj close watch on the foragers and frequently killed them on sight. < m the 5th, Sunday, the regiment was deployed again along the wagon train. On the 6th the brigade passed through a swamp which was about a mile wide, on the north side of which the enemy had built some fortifications, from which they had been driven by a flank movement of the Seventeenth Corps, who captured four pieces of artillery. The "bummers*' captured vast supplies from the surrounding country. Upon reaching the road leading to Blackville, Companies A, F, and D were detailed for picket duty. Eain! swamps! These two elements obstructed the movement of the army more than did the enemy. On the 7th the Thirty-third guarded fifty wagons, and crossed the Salka- hatchie and went into camp near Bamburg or Lowry's Station. On the 8th the Thirty-third moved to the rear about one mile to the forks of the road at Patterson's house and picketed until 5 o'clock p. m., when it marched to Graham's Turnout, on the railroad, and went into camp. Abundant supplies were brought in by the "bummers." Private C. W. Fivecoats, of Company B (afterward killed), who had captured a pair of revolver holsters, presented them to General Ward, through Colonel Dust in, brigade commander, the Thirty-third band furnishing the music for the occasion. The brigade marched early ■on the 9th and again struck the railroad at Bamburg. After passing through Blackville it moved along the railroad, tearing up the track and destroying about two miles of it. Each regiment and company being directed to destroy a certain portion of the road the entire bri- gade went to work with great energy. Piles of ties were made of ten or twelve each, then set on fire and the rails laid across. As they became heated, the rails would bend of their own weight, and while l(in HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD lid they were twisted until made utterly worthless. Never was a rail- road more effectually destroyed. The brigade struck the railroad again on the 10th at Williston and destroyed two miles of it. On the 1 lth the brigade left the railroad and moved hack" to Willis- ton, thence north till Mill creek was reached and crossed and marched in the South Edisto river at (lark's Mills and remained until Guig- oard's bridge was rebuilt. The citizen- not being able to correctly ascertain our movements Pound it impossible to hide their live stock or products of the farm. They almost signally failed when attempting it. House-, barns, cotton-gins, and abandoned fortifications along the route were nearly all destroyed. The bridge aero-- the river had been destroyed by the enemy. On the morning of the L2th, Sunday, the troops had to wade the river waist deep. The water was intensely cold and partly frozen. The regiment, after crossing, marched to Davis' Mill, thence to the junction of the Orangeburg and Columbia road, then moved on the latter road, continuing the march till dark, going into cam]) three miles south of the Xorth Edisto river, after marching seventeen miles. The Second division had a skirmish with the enemy, in which several were killed. On the 13th the brigade crossed the North Edisto river without, interruption, and during the day the advance drove the enemy. On the 14th the brigade was de- ployed along the wagon-train and marched along the Columbia road until the road to Lexington was reached, and then went into camp, the marching being very slow, as the rain poured down constantly. On the following day the brigade continued to move in the direction of Lexington, but slowly, and went into camp at S o'clock p. m., after marching only ten miles. The roads for the most part were sandy, hut there were swamps and creeks to cross, and the road required extensive repairs. FIRST VIEW <)F COLUMBIA. On the Kith day of February the brigade moved out early and crossed Twelve-mile creek, leaving Lexington to the left and advanced toward Columbia, at which place the whole army was concentrating. 'I'he brigade went into cam]) on the west side of Saluda river, the Second brigade in center of division, and the Thirty-third Indiana resting on the left of the. hirst brigade and in view of Columbia. On the 17th the brigade moved up the Saluda river to Mount Zion and finding the Fourteenth Corps and Kilpatriok's cavalry crossing the river, the Twentieth Corps went into camp. On the 18th the pontoon bridge being insecure, only one wagon was allowed to cross at a time. The brigade was all day crossing the river, and at !» o'clock p. m. went into cam]) three mile- from Broad river. On the 19th the brigade I\ in \N A \ nil Nil i l; in r \nti;v. 161 mov( (I i 111 i n the Columbia road a shorl distance, when the enl division went into camp in line of battle. The delay was caused l»\ destruction of a bridge. The brigade remained in line of battle but ; , 5 hor1 time and was then ordered to the rear one mile, then to the left down the river a short distance, where it went into camp. It remained in camp on the 20th till 1 o'clock p. in., then crossed the ii\, |- ,m pontoons and built a now road from the river to the Columbia and Winnsborough highway, continuing the march across Little river "and went into camp near Thompson's postoffice, about ten miles from Winnsborough. The army uow received notice that the campaign would probably last forty days longer, and thai it must be very eco- nomical in the use of rations !'nr both men and animals, and also learned that the brigade commissary had bui one day's ration of pork, eleven of coffee, twelve of sugar, five of hard bread, and ten of salt. Not encouraging, bui the nun harmoniously and quietly accepted the situation. The corps passed through Winnsborough on the 21st in review before Generals Slocum and Ward. The town was nearly de- serted by the male population, and all the railroad buildings and roll- ins stock were destroved. Some of the foragers, in their zeal to get ahead of the advance guard, were dismounted and all their horses and mules taken from them, peremptory orders having been issued that they must not unnecessarily expose themselves. 'Phis did not materi- ally change their methods. They continued to go wherever they thought it possible to get supplies, regardless of general orders or danger. On the 22d the regiment moved at 6:30 o'clock a. in., and marched twenty miles over a succession of hill- and went into camp on Rocky Mount with orders to he ready to cross the Catawba river at any moment. This rapid movement was made in the hope of cutting the column of Butler's rebel cavalry, reported a- crossing our line, hut did not. succeed in encountering the enemy. The brigade bivouacked till 1'3 o'clock, midnight, and at 2 o'clock a. m. of the 23d descended the mountain to the river's edge, when the Thirty-third, with the brigade, was detailed to repair tin' road. The road had not been much used in recent vears and led up a \er\ steep hill about three-fourths ,,f a mile. It firsl b( came necessary to cut an entire new road direct l\ through a swamp, from the head of the pontoon bridg< to the main road, for marly one hundred yards, am! next the same piece of road had to he corduroyed the entire distance. Numerous other places also had to he corduroyed. (In account of the scarcity id' pole- and other suitable timber for this work a ^rrai number of rails were carried for the distance of one mile or more to complete the road. The hill 168 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD was ascended with greal difficulty, and after marching about four miles the brigade went into camp. The brigade commander said of it: The exceedingly hard labor was performed during one of the darkest nights of the season, without proper tools, without sleep or rest, and, above all. after having jusl completed a march of ten miles. The en- durance of the men in this instance was heavily taxed, and they ar i deserving of especial mention. Until this date the army had been inarching almost due north, but now turned due easl toward the ocean, which change of direction was a surprise to the enemy in the vicinity of Cheraw, which caused the reduction of the rebel forces along the sea coast, and in some in- stances the complete evacuation of several important points. On the 24th the march was continued with difficulty, as the rain fell continuously all day. The brigade was deployed along the wagon- train to assist in its movement, and after advancing about two miles the right wing of the regiment was detailed to repair the road, of which a Full one mile was corduroyed with rails. The roads were in a wretched condition, and the distance marched being only three miles. The foragers of the brigade were captured, and among them were "William Milburn, of Company F, and Richard Maupin, of Company I, of the Thirty-third Indiana. The brigade remained in camp all day of the 25th, because of continuous rains, and on the 26th a dense fog prevailed, and the wretched condition of the roads caused the march- ing to he very slow. The brigade assisted in building an almost con- tinuous corduroy road to Eianging thick. This vicinity was noted for being the center of operations of "Marion and hi- merry men" during the Revolutionary war. On the 27th a detachment was sent in search of the Fourteenth Corps. The corps, when found, had not yet crossed the Catawba river because of the sudden rise in the river, causing the loss of twelve pontoons. The brigade crossed Hanging Rock creek on the 28th, and after dinner was deployed along the wagon-train. The rain continued to fall and the roads were, almost impassable, and the regiment did not get into camp till 11 o'clock a. in. The "hummer-" were successful in getting forage of all kinds. A negro, as usual, led the boys to a place where six horses, twenty-three mules, one wagon and buggy, and other valuables were secreted, all of which were confis- cated. When marching into camp, the procession looked like an old- time caravan, from this supply of animals the field and staff officers of the Thirty-third were fortunate in securing horses equal to any in the army. The regiment got into camp at 1:30 o'clock a. m. of March 1, and again resumed the march at 4 o'clock a. m., crossing Little and Big Lynch's creeks and going into camp two miles beyond. The I\l>l\\\ VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 169 regiment was deployed along the wagon-train, covering forty-eight wagons, and was deployed along the train all day of March 2. At this point ;i mill-dam gave way, which delayed getting into camp until midnight. The Thirty-third broke camp early on the 3d and passed through Chesterfield, South Carolina, and went into camp aboul noon for the resi of the day. The regiment was deployed along a train of fifty wagons and twenty-seven ambulances. It moved (mi early on the 4tb and crossed Deep Bottom creek. The roads were better. We captured some of the en< my. ;ind after marching two miles into North Carolina went into camp on Grady's plantation at about 1 o'clock ]». m. The brigade remained in camp all day of the 5th, Sun- day, near (ireat Pedee river, while the pontoons were being laid. About this time General Breckinridge was succeeded in command of the Confederate forces by Gen. Joseph E. Johnston. An occasional loyal family could he found even in South Carolina. Four officers had escaped from a rebel prison and reached the Union lines. They had taken refuge at the house of a loyal white woman while being pursued. She placed them under a feather bed. When the rebels appeared she was lying on the bed and feigned sickness. They did not disturb her and the officers escaped. At another time a private soldier sought protection at the same house. She caused him to blacken his face and don a rough suit of clothes. As a colored -ervant he drove the family carriage into the Union lines. CAPTURE OF CHEKAW. At in o'clock p. m. of the 6th the brigade moved in the direction of Cheraw, in rear of division. The roads being good the march was rapid. At this place the enemy's powder magazine was blown up and five men and two women were killed. Having orders to move at a moment's notice, the division bivouacked the entire night, and on the 7th crossed the (ireat Pedee river and marched about seventeen miles, passing the Fifteenth Corps and Sherman's headquarters, and went into camp near Laurel Hill, on the Wilmington and Rockingham railroad. The march was in a northeasterly direction over a dry, sanely country. The business buildings in Cheraw were all burned down. This place was a depot for the war material taken from Charleston upon its evacuation, and there fell into our hands twenty cannon, thousands of small arms, a great quantity of fixed ammunition, and twenty tons of powder, with commissary stores, more than sufficient to fill the empty wagons of the Seventeenth and parts of the Fifteenth Corps. The rebels evidently thought Sherman's objective point was •Charlotte, North Carolina, instead of Cheraw. The destruction of 170 IIISTOIIY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD bridges 1)\ the enemy did not delay the advance of the army materi- ally. With the admirable system of the Pioneer Corps pontoons were laid in an incredibly short time. On the 8th the Third division marched in the center of the corps, the Thirty-third Indiana in advance of the division. For a consider- able distance two roads ran parallel with each other, not more than one hundred yards apart, and the Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps marched side by side. The two corps crossed the line into North Caro- lina this day and the destruction of property that marked the pathway of the army through Smith Carolina now ceased. The foragers were vi ry successful in getting an alum da nee of sweet put aloe-. ( In the 9th the brigade, with the exception of the Thirty-third Indi- ana, was deployed along a train of fifty wagons. The march was greatly interrupted by swamps and continuous rains, and the regiment did not get into camp until 10 o'clock p. m. On the 10th a swamp called Lumber creek was crossed by wading, after which the brigade was deployed along the wagon-train, the Thirty-third Indiana cover- ing sixty wagons and twenty ambulances. The road was corduroyed through the swamp and marching was very slow. Thirty men and one commissioned officer of the Thirty-third Indiana were detailed as pioneers to build corduroy roads. The foragers were quite successful in getting feed for the horses, but none for the men. On the 11th the corps crossed Rock Fish creek or swamp on pontoons, and the Thirty- third Indiana was engaged most of the day in building roads. Finally, the corps reached the Fayetteville and Rockingham plank road at a point twelve miles from the former place. Along the road were mile- posts bored or notched to designate miles. It was said that this was for the benefit of the negroes and "po* white trash" who could not read. Befi re reaching Fayetteville a messenger was sent by General Sher- man to Genera] Terry at Wilmington to notify him that the army would probably reach tic firsl named place on a certain day, and Terry, at the time designated, forwarded a steam tug loaded with mail from the North, the first the army had received since about February 1. Supplies were also received and all the sick and wounded men were returned borne, and the negroes were collected together and marched to Wilmington. There could not have been less than 25,000 of them who had joined the army alter leaving Savannah. There were Mime whites, but the great mass was mostly negroes, and they were chiefly women ami children. The brigade rested all day Sunday, the 12th. The bridge across the river had been destroyed by the enemy. Private property in INDIANA \ OLUNTEEB IN F INTR1 . 171 Fayetteville was respected by the [Jnioii troops, bul the arsenal thai contained the vast amount of machinery, which had formerly belonged to the old Harper's Ferry arsenal, was absolutely destroyed. Every building was knocked down and burned, and evi ry piece of machinery broken up and ruined. Much property of value to the enemy was stroyed or casl into the river. The day was devoted by the troops, chiefly, to writing letters —the firs! opportunity the boys had to com- municate with friends since the march began. On the 13th the Twentieth Corps passed through Fayetteville in review before Generals Sherman, Slocum, Williams, and Ward. The review was a success. When the ponderous wagon-train go1 in motion, the regiment, as usual, was deployed along it. and it was near midnight when camp was reached. The Thirty- third Indiana foragers, under command of Lieut. Eenrj Jeter, of Company B, were captured this day. The party had crossed Little river to get corn, when they were cut off by the enemy burning the bridge and surrounded by a vastly greater number. The first nighl after their capture Lieutenant deter and hi- men were confined in a vacan't house, which, fortunately for them, stood well up from the ground. The men cut a hole through the floor and the lieutenant let two m< n escape at a time at proper intervals. Before it was time for the last two to go the lieutenant fell asleep from exhaustion, and lie and the remaining two lost the opportunity id' escaping. They were, however, exchanged shortly after. The regimen! remained in camp the 14th. and all the broken down mules were killed, (hi the 15th the troop- moved out at 6:30 o'clock a. in., and after marching, unencumbered, fourteen miles on the Raleigh road rain began to fall; crossed Silver creek and encamped near Taylor's Hole creek in a heavy rain and in line of battle. During the entire campaign the Onion army had been very watchful of the movements of the enemy, hut now. if possible, greater precaution than ever was taken. BATTLE OF AVERASBOROUGH. The brigade moved cut at - 2, while thai of the Union forces was 1.1 1-1. Night closed tin- contest, when the enemy withdrew. On the morning of the 20th our skirmish line was advanced to the left and fronl toward Mill Creek bridge, a distance of two mile.-, when having developed the enemy's pickets, it was withdrawn ami finally established six hundred yards in fr< nt el' a strong line of rebel works which extended to the creek. While remaining in this advanced position, tlie brigade was covered by the cavalry on the left. For awhile it looked as if there was going to he another contest, Imt the enemy n't reated. The restoration of Gen. Joe Johnston to the command of the Con- federate fcrces convinced every one that a greater effort would be made to clue!-:, if not crush. Sherman's army. On the 21si the wagon-trains wwv ordered to report at Cox's bridge on tin Neuse river, ami thence to go to Kingston for supplies, ami the officers were ordered to take everything necessary from the wagons ami carry them for several days, ami all the rations — three days' supply of coffee, hard bread, sugar, and meat — were issued to the men with instructions that they were now en half rations until more sup- plies were received. The rain continued to fill. On the 23d the brigade advanced to within five miles id' Golds- borough. Rebel cavalry being reported between the army and Colds- borough, in addition to a strong camp guard, six companies from the brigade were distributed at various points along the road to guard the several approaches from the direction of Smithfield. Of these. Com- panies H and K were -cut out on the Goldsborough road. Matt. I). Collins, < f Company 1. and also a member of the regi- mental hand, and other- who were with him, while foraging, were cap- tured tin- day by General Wheeler's scout-, under Captain Shannon. After he surrendered he was robbed of all valuables and came very near hi ing hung. Fortunately the rebel sc ait- fell out among themselves. One id' them was humane and brave enough to denounce such proceed- ings. He drew hi- revolver and said: "hook here. Captain Shannon, i have -ecu enough of this kind of work going on, and am getting tired of it." The captain asserted his authority, but the soldier still firmly protested. Serious trouble was imminent, when Captain Shannon ordered the prisoners to headquarters. They were taken before Gen- eral Allen. It so happened that Collins was wearing a gray uniform and he was questioned very closely, and hut for the fact that he was I \ HI \\ \ VOLUNTEEB I S FANTIH . 175 taptured on a highway instead of in a rebel camp he would have been tried as a s] y. I In v w< re th< n taken before General Wheeler, who ordered them placed with other prisoners and proceeded to Raleigh, thence to Goldsborough, where orders were issued to make a more thorough search, "and if any writti n paper or gold or silver coin, or ornaments, or weapons of any kind were found on their persons, such articles should be taken from them as lawful prize and in behalf of the Confederate States of America," and the guards were instructed to shoo! down any prisoner found concealing anything. This order \\ is only legalizing the rohhi ry, bul it was amusing, since they had previ- ously been robbed of everything. From Goldsborough the] were taken to Danville and then to Richmond, Virginia, and confined in Libby prison. They did not remain long. One day Dick Turner said, ••(ui cut of here, ever} <\-—i\ cue of you. We will -end you to your own lines," when eighteen hundred obeyed the command. There was much haste and confusion following the announcement, and to facili- tate matters a brigadier-general, who was among the prisoners, pro- posed to take the "parole oath" for the whole of i hem. which proposi- tion vas accepted. The prisoners were then marched to the river and placed on transports, bound for City Point. These were the last Union prisoners confined in Libby prison by order of the Confederate ant horities. On the 24th the brigade marched into Goldsborough and in review pasl General Sherman and went into camp aboul three miles north of the city near the Weldon railroad. On the 25th the cam]) was changed. Lieutenant Thomas, of Com- pany ('. and six men captured forty head of cattle, and the brigade was now in possession el' a grist mill. The living of the soldier- was now much the same as that before the "march to the sea." On the 9th of April Major Maze returned from the North with one hundred and fifty recruit-, principally drafted men and substitutes, for the Thirty-third Indiana, making it< total number present 509, with an aggregate present and abseni of 770. On the Huh the brigade moved in the direction of Smithfield. The de-t ruction of the bridge across Moccasin creek made it necessary for the troops to bivouac till morning, when the bridge was rebuilt and the troops crossed. The weather was unusually warm and the march- ing severe. Many soldiers were prostrated by the heat. After march- ing seventeen miles the brigade went into camp near Smithfield. At 5:30 o'clock a. m. of the L2th, the Thirty-third moved out in advance of the corps, passing through Smithfield, and after marching about fifteen miles went into camp on the bank of Swift creek. After 176 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD , , T S 't "" 0, ' ( ' M ' eCl *° g ° t0 ttw assi8toce °< Gen- eral K lpatnck who it was thought had come upon the enemy's -,o„-,ra,n. It prov]llg me> the brf retumed P 6n ^ l,C ' e, ° " P s '— J ™»fflcia] notice of the capture of Esmond and he army was delighted. Absalom Waddle, of-Compauy B ™ lei 'hv t'^r f , ° U ! f ° ra f g - the hSt °" e ° f the »tt to™ Med b the Confederates. On April 13th the brigade moved out at 5:30 „ eloek a m. and reached Raleigh about 3 o'clock p. m. nd en mto camp mside of the enemy's earthworks near the city CHAS. SEATON, M. D., MARTINSVILLE, IND INDIAN \ \ OLUNTEEB IM' LNTR1 . 177 CHAPTER XIX. SURRENDER OF GEN. JOE JOHNSTON. The capture of Richmond, Virginia, by the army under Genera] Grant, and his immediate pur-nit of Genera] Lee's army, made a change in Genera] Sherman's plans necessary, and the swift movement toward and possession of Raleigh was consummated to prevent Lee and Johnston from conferring and making new combinations. As Sherman said in a letter to Grant, dated the day before Lee's sur- render: If he (Johnston) retreats on Danville to make junction with Lee, I will do the same, though I may take a course around him, bending toward Greensborongh, for the purpose of turning him north. I will bear in mind your plain and unmistakable point that "the rebel armies are now the strategic points to strike at." I will follow Johnston, presuming that you are after I.ee. or all that yon have left of him, and if they come together we will also. It was Sherman's intention to continue the pursuit upon reaching Raleigh, but Johnston, evidently finding that future success was hope- less in that Lee had surrendered and that Sherman's army was press- ing him hard, on April 14, was the first to sugges! a cessation of hos- tilities witli a view to ultimate surrender. There was to some extent a belief prevailing that John-ton was playing a trick to gain time, but Sherman had full faith in his personal sincerity. Yet every precaution was taken to prevent the escape of his army. All day of the 11th the brigade remained in camp, and on the 15th orders were given to march, but they were countermanded and the brigade re- mained in camp until the 25th. ASSASSINATION OF PRESIDENT LINCOLN. On the 17th of April the news of the cruel assassination of Presi- dent Lincoln was promulgated to the army, and the 19th was devoted by the troops in giving expression to their grief. A meeting of the Thirty-third Indiana was called by order of Colonel Burton to take some action. Great sorrow was manifested throughout the regiment; likewise the army. A committee, consisting of Chaplain McCrea, Major Maze, and Adjutant McBride, was appointed to formulate suit- able resolutions. After appropriate remarks by all who desired, the resolutions were adopted unanimously. Under the prevailing excited condition of the moment it is remarkable how that great body of soldiers under Sherman refrained from seeking revenge; hut they real- ized that the war was practically at an end, and their conservatism and (12) 178 HISTORY OF THE THIKTY-THIRi) loyalty to good order was highly commendable. Their actions re- ceived the plaudits of the civilized world. On the 22d the troops wire reviewed by General Sherman in Raleigh, and on the 25th at 5 o'clock a. m. the brigade moved in a southwest direction toward dine-' Cross Roads, and encamped within 1 1 ree mile- of the roads, at 5:30 o'clock p. m., after marching thirteen miles. For nearly two weeks negi tiatii ns were pending between Sher- man and Johnston without definite results, and this movement was ( .\ id( nt I \ to force a conclusion, as on the 24th General Sherman issued ]iis ultimatum that the "suspension of hostilities agreed to between us will cease within forty-eight hours after this is received at your line-," and also demanded the surrender of Johnston's army, '"on the same terms as were given to General Lee, at Appomattox, of April !>. in- stant, purely and simply/' The surrender was finally made, and the world knows of the attempt on the part of the new administration at Washington to make a "scape-goat" of General Sherman in the matter; hut the boys — his ; innv — w jH always believe that he was loyally carrying out the instruc- tions of President Lincoln, who, had he livid, would not have per- mitted this attempt to smirch the character, ability, and loyalty of one of his most gallant and trusted generals. General Johnston was the first to contest the advance id' Sherman's army to Atlanta, but was subsequently succeeded by Hood and from that, time until Bentonville, North Carolina, was reached, various gen- erals commanded the rebel army in Sherman's front. At that place Johnston again assumed command and was compelled at last to sur- render to Sherman and his invincible army. On the 28th of April the brigade returned with great haste to Raleigh to | repare for the onward march to Richmond. With the surrender of the armies under both Lee and Johnston the war was now over, which was consummated enly after greai sacrifices of life and trials of endurance. Sherman's army had now completed a march, beginning with Chattanooga, of hundreds of miles across the States of Georgia and South Carolina, and was now resting in final triumph at the capital of North Carolina. Without heart-burnings, without a desire for revenge or further humiliation, the army was now- as eager to lay down their arms a- they were to take them up in 1861, when the flag was assailed and the integrity of the Union threatened. The march to the sea was an object lesson in the mode of warfare where an army bad no base of supplies, and having met with very lit lie opposition from the enemy, but the march through the Carolinas until Raleigh was reached was far more dangerous and uncertain. I\ I.I \\ \ \ OLTJNTEEB ENFANTRY. 1 ?9 There was a greater necessity for reducing the transportation, and the army was almosl c< nstantly menaced in froni by a force of aboul 30,000 men under Generals Hardee, Johnston, and other experienced generals. However, in their great haste to keep beyond reach of Sherman's armj these organizations became ineffective and in a meas- ure fragments. Orders had been issued by the Confederate authorities calling upon the people to destroy all supplies on the line of march, hut they could n,,t he enforced. The citizens were demoralized ami Sherman's "bum- mers," as well as the army itself, seemed to hi' everywhere. Under the circumstances they probably did the best they could. All kinds of meat- and boxes of valuables were often located under ground, and live stock was secreted in what seemed impenetrable swamp-. Much credit is due to i he sagacity and unwearying activity of the "hum- mers.'* hut there i- some meed of praise due the negro, the farm-hand, however, rather than the house-servant, who rarely failed to give whatever information was possible. In the early part of the campaign, beginning with our entrance into Smith Carolina, a foraging party of from fifty to eighty men was detailed, in charge of a commissioned officer, from each regiment, ami the world knows that the organization was a success. The men were selected with Mime care — those besi adapted for such work. Not only was it necessary for them to have the energy and de-ire. hut also good judgment and bravery, with a good supply of audacity. Many times they were known to charge the enemy with spirit and success, often driving them for miles beyond the main column. The route usually traveled was along indifferent country roads, and often through bogs and sloughs, made almost impassable by frequent rains and heavy trains, and the soldiers hid to cross many streams waist deep and in midwinter, am! yet they did not relax their zeal or determination, and on many occasions, for hours at a time, proved their endurance by placing their own shoulders to the wheel- of the wagons, thereby assisting the mule- in moving the train- along. Another feature of the campaign was the night marches through the pineries of the Carolina-, and which can not lie forgotten. Mile after mile of pitch pine trees would he in a blaze a height of perhaps forty or fifty feet, making at times a beautiful sight, hut the smoke was unbearable ami it was not until those forests were left far behind that the soldiers no longer felt or saw the effects of the smoke. It was blinding and. minus soap, the smoke became imbedded in the skin, so that some of the men were almost beyond recognition; but the boys did not seem to mind any of these inconveniences and hard- 180 HISTOET OF THE THIRTY-THIKD ships. In fact, with -all these agencies against them they seemed to thrive well, and were in good health and spirits. The average day's march from Savannah to Goldsborough was about ten miles, some days the troops marching from twenty to twenty-five miles and some days less than the average, governed altogether by condition of the roads, the weather, and the necessity of building bridges. The march from Atlanta to Savannah was parallel to the water courses, while the march from Savannah to Goldsborough led at right angles to them, and on that account the difficulties were greatly in- creased. A great part of the march was through a region sparsely settled and unbroken, flat and sandy country, yielding little return tc- the farmer, yet no part of the army ration was issued to the men on the campaign except sugar, coffee. and salt. Everything else was ob- tained from the country by regularly detailed foragers. The health of the army was almost perfect, as the percentage of sick during the campaign, on the basis of 65,000 men, was but a fraction over 2 per cent., and until the battles of Averasborough and Benton- ville there was but little demand for ambulances, except to carry sup- plies drawn from the country. This healthy condition was largely due to the following reasons: Before the march to the sea began not only all the sick, but every soldier physically unfit to participate in such a campaign, was returned to the North. Then a continuous campaign, with the usual excitement incident thereto, was more rejuvenating and health-giving than the dull round of life in camp. Then, too, the prestige of the magnificent successes during the Atlanta campaign gave the men unlimited confidence in themselves and General Sher- man, thereby constantly keeping them in a cheerful and hopeful mood. Then, too, the men could discern the impending downfall of the Confederacy, the restoration of a fruitful peace, and an early return to their homes. These were important factors in the preservation of the general good health of the entire army, though attended with many dangers and self-sacrifices. During the several campaigns from Chattanooga to Atlanta, thence to Savannah, Goldsborough and Washington City, there were 17,680 feet, or 3.35 mile-, of pontoon bridge built, 9,030 feet, or 1.7 miles, of trestle bridge built, and also 386 miles of railroad destroyed. From Chattanooga to Atlanta there were 100 miles of road cordu- royed; from Atlanta to Savannah, 60 miles; from Savannah to Golds- borough, 400 miles, and from Goldsborough to Washington City, 20» miles. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 181 In addition to the regular pioneer corps, large details of infantry were made to do this work, the men often having to perform the duty in cold, drenching rains, many hours at a time, often far into the night, without rest, and in water from several inches to as many feet in depth. There was no complaint. The Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana. Nineteenth Michigan and Twenty-second Wisconsin cheer- fully performed their full shave of the hard work. Till', BUMMER. The term "hummer," as applied to thai class of soldiers who became so distinguished in Sherman's many is not well understood by a great many, who have formed the idea that it is a term of reproach — that the persons to whom if is or was applied were purely "camp followers," "coffee-coolers," and "pan-handlers," without character and laudable purpose. On the contrary their operations were most praiseworthy and effective, in that they did heroic work in feeding the army by sap- ping the very life of the Confederacy in depriving it of the very sub- stance upon which it thrived — their live stock and the products of the soil. A "bummer" was a being peculiar unto himself. His success de- pended largely upon certain attributes with which he must be en- dowed and without which he was a failure. He had to be audacious as well as courageous. It was necessary for him to he able to fathom human nature — to properly diagnose a statement made by interested citizens, and by negroes as well — to enable him to act with discretion. It was also necessary that he possess unlimited energy and endurance. There were, however, several kinds of "bummers," but, as a rule, so far as human judgment could make it possible, the best material was selected for that purpose. Sometimes the best "bummers" were found among those who could not tolerate the environments of the camp. The indifferent soldier in camp would often accomplish the best results in his search for sup- plies. Without cruelty, the "bummer" could get all possible service out of a pack-mule, and could utilize space for their supplies on a cap- tured wagon or carriage to the very best advantage. They knew the success of the army depended largely upon their endeavor and effort and they hazarded their lives in the performance of duty. The "bummer corps" was recognized as a valuable auxiliary to the army during the march to the sea and through the Carolinas, as much so as any other branch or arm of the service, and while, possibly, some may have looked upon them with scorn they were firmly entrenched in the hearts and affections of the beneficiaries — the army. 182 IHSToliY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Foraging off the enemy was war, and it was that system of warfare ili.it made the movemenl of Sherman's army a possibility and a suc- <■<>.—. Time, nor distance, nor danger, did nut deter them. All these were bravelj mel and overcome. APPROPRIATE TRIBUTES. General Sherman, at thai time, referring to the march and his "boys," -aid: "My men seem to gel fat and healthy on parched corn and bacon," and of this march no more appropriate tribute was paid them than that of Gen. II. \Y. Slocum in this concise review: I have witnessed en the campaign scenes which have given me a more exalted opinion than I ever before enteintained of the earnest patriotism which actuates the soldiers of the army. 1 have repeatedly seen soldiers of my command, who were making parched corn supply the place of bread, and who were nearly destitute of shoes or a change of clothing, go cheerfully to their labor in the swamps of South Carolina, working hour after hour in mud and water to bring forward our immense trains, and yet during all these privations and hardships I have never heard from an officer or soldier one word of complaint. During the time from January 3 till April 15, 1865, there were one hundred and seven skirmishes, eight actions, two affairs, and two battles. Thus it will he seen that the two armies were closely watching each other's everv movement. INDIANA VOLUNTEER [NFANTRY. 183 CHAPTER XX. ON TO RICHMOND AND WASHINGTON. The dissolution of the Confederate armies being now well estab- lished, the "boys in blue" looked to the homeward march with great satisfaction and pleasure, and made the preparation with zeal and enthusiasm, and the 30th of April, when they started to the north- ward, was one of the happiesf in their war-time experience. The brigade wenl into cam]) May 2 near Oxford, Greenville county, North Carolina, and on the evening of the 3d camped near Roanoke river, in Mecklenburg county, Virginia. The march was very rapid — quite as much mi as at any period of the war; and although there was no necessity for it. yet there was no protest on the part of the men. There was a pleasant rivalry between the Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps as to which would reach Richmond first, which was said to have been brought about by a foolish bet made by some of the officers of the two corps. However that may be, the march at times was very severe. On one occasion the Third division marched twenty miles he- fore noon, when it had to go into camp because of the exhausted con- dition of the artillery horses and other teams. Both corps had the glory of reaching Richmond at the same time. On the 8th the brigade, with the division, went into cam]) on the east side of Falling creek, seven miles from Richmond, after having marched one hundred and forty-five miles in nine days. On the 11th the troops marched through Manchester and Rich- mond and was reviewed by General Sherman and his corps and division commanders. RICHMOND AND ITS PRISON-PENS. Upon reaching Richmond ample time was given the men to \i-ii the prison-pens — Belle Isle. Castle Thunder, and Libby. -lust two years before the Second brigade was enforced inmates of Libby, and it was now the chief center of attraction. Then they were bullied by the prison-keeper, Dick Turner, and were daily threatened to be shot down by heartle-- guards. Then they were subjected to the severest tests of human endurance through the slow process of starvation and exposure. Then Richmond was the heart of the Confederacy and the works surrounding it bristled with bayonets. Now what a mighty change! White-winged Peace hovered over the land. The strong works that defended the city were now dismantled and its defenders all gone. The doors of the prison-pens wrve thrown open, their 184 HISTOKY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD keepers had disappeared, and the Union soldiers went all through the buildings with freedom. There was no revenge in the hearts of these men. There was no evidence of any designs upon men or places. Lovers of law and order, they marched quietly and unostentatiously through the city. On the 12th the troops resumed the march homeward, passing through the Chickahominy swamps, where the deadly miasma killed more of the Army of the Potomac than did the enemy's bullets, and thence over the battle-fields of Chancellorsville and Spottsylvania court-house, where some of the hardest fighting of the war had been done, and went into camp at the latter place on the 14th. . The regiment, with the brigade and division, crossed the Rappa- hannock river at the United States ford, a few miles above Fredericks- burg, and on the 19th went into camp on the hills near Alexandria, Virginia, While here a large number of drafted men and substitutes were assigned to the Thirty-third Indiana. Preparations were at once begun for the Grand Review that took place on the 24th. The men had become thoroughly rested and their arms and accouterments and uniforms were not neglected in the effort to make a presentable appearance. On the morning of the 24th the corps passed through Alexandria and across the Long Bridge, moved up Maryland avenue to the Na- tion's Capitol building, where the different minor commands were posted and grouped in positions so thai they could be, and were, brought into the movement without delay or friction. THE GRAND REVIEW. The review of the combined armies of Generals Grant and Sher- man — the East and the West — at the Nation's capital was a glorious climax in the closing scenes of the war! It was a red-letter day for the men who had so long, so zealously, and so gallantly defended their country. The two days of the review were most perfect as regards the weal her, and the soldiers were incomparably happy and enthusiastic. In all respects the conduct of the men was in accord with the occa- sion. The long marches and incessant toil incident thereto made no difference to Sherman's army. Each soldier was. determined to do his best and none of the troops kept their lines better dressed or showed to better advantage than Coburn's old Second brigade — the Thirty- third and Eighty-fifth Indiana, Nineteenth Michigan, and Twenty- second Wisconsin. The crowds of spectators were greater on the second than on the first day by accessions from the West to see the commands raised in their own sections. The houses along the line of march were taste- INDIANA VOLUNTEEK IM'WTHY. 185 fully decorated with various devices the American Hag being the most prominent. Altogether, it is said, there were 150,000 men in Line, which extended a distance of thirty miles. <>n the reviewing stand were Presidenl Johnson, Secretary of War Stanton, General (■rant and some of their immediate subordinates. The lirsi day. Monday, May 23, 1865, was devoted to a review of the Army of the Potomac; the second day, Tuesday, \h\ 24, Sher- man's army was reviewed. On the second day the Army of the Ten- nessee, the right wing, composed of the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Corps, were m advance, followed by the Left wing. Army of Georgia, composed of the Twentieth and Fourteenth Corps — each corps mov- ing in the order named. Each division moved in their numerical order — the "bummer" brigade being posted between the Second and Third divisions of each corps. The following graphic account of the review, as published at that time, i- from the "Washington Daily Chronicle:" The second day of the grand review created perhaps a greater interest than was evoke. 1 by the first. The reason is obvious. The Army of the Potomac has been ever near us. Most of its corps have repeatedly passed through the capital. Its nearness and facility of communication rendered its every move known to the country, there never being- a week's mystery or doubt about it. Now, Sherman's army, at least those two corps styled the Army of the Tennessee, the Fifteenth and Seventeenth Corps,* never before set foot in Washington. Down amid the miasmic marshes of the Mississippi, in the slime of the Yazoo and Tennessee, fighting battles above rolling clouds, disappearing beyond the ken of the telegraph; now sup- posed to be victorious, and again a cause of apprehension and doubt, marching unrecorded hundreds of miles; supposed to he about Milledge- ville or on the road to Macon, when it is compelling the falling of Charles- ton, seldom authentically heard from save in connection with the news that some new rebel stronghold had surrendered to the general's strategy and its own indomitable energy. * * * The marches it has made, the victory it has Avon, the difficulties it has surmounted have perhaps never been equaled by any army since the days of Xenophon's Anabasis. Perhaps no army ever disappointed more people than that of General Sherman. There prevailed a general idea that during its mighty marches, removed far from bases of supplies, the General must have permitted the reins of discipline to slacken: the habit of living on the country, the dis- tances traversed would seem not only to excuse but even to necessitate a disregard of accuracy of detail, and the total negligence of all efforts to gratify many artistic requirements of military criticism ; but when the first *The "Chronicle" should have included the Fourteenth Corps and also the First and Second brigades of the Third division of the Twentieth Corps. The First and Second division and the Third brigade of the Third division of the Twentieth Corps had formerly been in the Army of the Potomac and known as the Eleventh and Twelfth Corps. 186 BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD company front of the leading regime>n1 of the Firsl brigade of the Fif- teenth Cotrps appeared, straighl as a tightened string, and rank after rank passed the pavilion in soldierly silence, but one footfall was heard. As the eye took in the inassiveness of the column, its compact formation, and passed to the ambulances, meeting no stragglers, seeing nothing awry, but all soldier-like in dress, in manner, in look, in walk, a sudden revelation in the military miracle seemed to hurst upon the minds of all, and the very welkin rang with cheers. "Distinct as the billows, yet one as the sea." the regiments of the Fifteenth Corps passed on. and ere the Seven- teenth had reached the corner of Fifteenth street the conclusion was reached that Sherman had somehow or other managed to turn into uses of discipline the very influences thai the past histories of armies had ever considered their bane. As it was with the Fifteenth, so it was with the succeeding corps I 'he Seventeenth. Twentieth and Fourteenth |. and the spectators never tired oi expressing their admiration of the demeanor of the men and the beautiful regularity of the marching. The greater number , , i the men wore hats of felt, black and slouched, which gave to this army a more somber and grave aspect than characterized the Army of the Potomac. The personal appearance of the men was also different, for though youth, unusual youth, was noticeable in the men and officers of both, the western boys seemed larger and more fully developed than the men of Meade's army. This is due. perhaps, to the fact that in the bulk of both armies there are more city men in the Army of the Potomac than in the Army of the West. After passing the reviewing stand, the troops went quietly to their respective camps — the Second brigade finally locating' near Fort Lin- coln on the Eastern Branch, near Bladensburg, .Maryland. COLONEL DUSTIN AND THE THIRTY-THIRD. The history of the Thirty-third Indiana embraces a long service — nearly four year— replete with deeds of daring and self-sacrifice, dur- ing which time it performed military duty in almost every Southern Stale easl of the Mississippi river, under various commanders, and often under the most adverse circumstances. The record it made shows that for bravery in battle, willingness to perform every duty, however great the difficulty or discomfort, and loyalty to the cause in which it had enlisted, it was the peer of the besi regiments in the service. It was an unpretending regiment, both officers and men. The men were as modest as brave. They well understood that their mission was one of duty, of patriotism, of loyalty to the nation, and of danger. They cared not for honors except those that they achieved themselves. They respected the rights of others, without envy and hear! burnings, bu1 m ail matter- endeavored to rigidly maintain their own. The regiment did not have with it a stall' of correspondents K, puff it into fictitious notoriety when it first entered the army. At no time was it glorified by new-paper contributions from the front full of boasting. The regiment plodded along in the path of duty IN DIANA VOLUNTEEB IN PANTR1 , 1 s * unostentatiously, and whether in camp or in battle did its besl in a practical way -a regiment, in spite of all its losses, thai kepi its ranks recruited and powerful above any of its associates in the field, and whatever name or fame it won. it was only by fairness, devotion to duty, and an eye single to the success of a glorious cause. Yet, i1 was ] ( ,fi f (:| . one officer, Colonel Dustin, brigade commander during the "march to the sea," to try to besmirch the record thus made, by at- tributing to it "laxity of discipline." The very nature of thai march was such as to develop freedom of action and jubilant spirit. 'Flic men wore probably noisy at times, lint always good natured, never for a moment shirking the fatigues of the march or the dangers of the picketxposl or battle front. That a condition existed which warranted the condemnation of the regiment in a general report is absurd. If there was "laxity of discipline" in the regiment, it may, with truth, be said that such a state of affairs existed at least in every regimenl of the brigade. The existence of these manifestly unfair strictures upon the good name of the regiment did not become known to the writer until about twenty-five years afterward, when he communicated with Colonel Dus- tin concerning them. The correspondence is too voluminous for its re- production, hut he admitted that his conclusions were not made up from personal observation, but from what, was reported to him. It was unfortunate that the regiment was not represented upon bis Mall', and why it was not the writer does not know, but it is certain that Colonel Dust in was hedged in by unfair advisers. However, time had softened whatever asperities he may have then had, as shown in a letter written by him as late as June 27, 1891. He said: * * * I never, in thought, word or deed, intended to reflect in any serious manner upon the good name of the Thirty-third Indiana from the humblest private to the commanding officer, or to detract from its record as one of the best and bravest regiments in the service. * * * In all the long march from Atlanta to Savannah, up through the Carolinas. and on to Washington, no irregularities occur to me on the part of any regi- ment in the brigade; but in all the hard work, whether of guard duty or the picket line, on the skirmish line, on foraging expeditions, tearing up railroad track, or directly in front of the enemy, the Thirty-third Indiana was ready at all times in the performance of every duty and always brave and true. In all the inspections and reviews, culminating in the Grand Review at Washington City. I was always well satisfied with the good appearance and commendable display of the regiment. * * * 188 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD OFFICERS AND ENLISTED MEN OF THE THIRTY-THIRD INDIANA. The available records of the regiment do not show in full the pursuits followed by the commissioned officers before entering the army. A partial list, however, shows that of the colonels, one was a lawyer and one a farmer; lieutenant-colonels, one a school teacher and one a baker; majors, one a carpenter, one a lawyer, and one a farmer. Of the line officers, there were thirty-five farmers, two doc- tors, one merchant, five carpenters, one blacksmith, three printers, one miller, one tailor, one lawyer, one druggist, two tinners, one car- riage builder, one school teacher, one accountant and one laborer. The officers, it will be seen, were all drawn from ordinary positions in civil life — all farmers and mechanics, with the exception of three lawyers and two doctors. They fairly represented the masses of the people of the several com- munities in which the different companies were organized and the men who composed the several company organizations. The enlisted men were chiefly artisans and sons of farmers, and consequently there was a common interest welding, as it were, the company organizations together as one family. At home the officers and enlisted men of the original regimental organization were neighbors and friends. There were no distinctions between them, as a rule, in civil life, and in the army the difference in rank and the necessary enforcement of military discipline did not estrange them. There always existed in the hearts and minds of both officers and men a sentiment of security and mutual reliance. While on or off duty the officers commanded the respect and cheer- ful obedience of the majority of the men, the latter always observing as nearly as possible the letter and spirit of the rules governing mili- tary discipline. Free from duty, within the camp or without its limits, the officers freely mingled with the men, participating with them in many of the sports, discussions, or other forms of social intercourse. During the civil war, owing to the stress of circumstances, volun- teer regiments were necessarily the organization of bodies of men rep- resenting many different avocations, dispositions and habits — just as one finds them in every community. However, it can be truthfully said in regard to the membership of the Thirty-third that the majority of the boys were above the average in intelligence and strength of character, yet it had its share of the "dead wood," and drawn as they were from almost every condition in life it was surprising how har- moniously their varied notions blended together. Different modes of living and habits, some clumsy and slovenly, others active and genteel, INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 189 and thrown together indiscriminately, it is wonderful how skillfully drilled the companies and the regiment became. With unrivaled pre- cision they would execute every command, and in the hour of danger would stand shoulder to shoulder with unflinching devotion and courage. This is not only true of the Thirty-third Indiana, hut of the other regiments of Coburn's brigade and of a large proportion of the volun- teer regiments in the army of the Union. 100 IIISTOKY OF THE I'll I UTY-THIRD CHAPTEB XXI. .MISTER OUT OF REGIMENT. The war being now over the nexl thing in order was the swift dis- solution of the army. As rapidly as possible, corps, division and brigade organizations were dissolved. On the 4th of June, 1865, the Thirty-third Indiana was* assigned to the Fourteenth Corps, and on the 8th of June 146 recruits of the Twenty-seventh Indiana, with 102 more of the Seventieth Indiana, and 135 from the Eighty-fifth Indiana, a total of 383, were assigned to the Thirty-third Indiana. On the day of June. 1865, the regiment took passage in box- cars on the Baltimore and Ohio railroad and arrived at Parkersburg, Wesl Virginia, the following day. and from there was transported in boats down the Ohio river to Louisville. Kentucky. The regiment r< mained there until it was mustered out of the service on July 21, 1865, and from there weni to Indianapolis, Indiana, to dissolve as a military organization Tor all time to come. Four years had now nearly elapsed from the date of the regimental organization — a four years freighted with the greatest events of modern warfare. It is sad to contemplate that all the hoys did not return — those who fell in battle, died of disease, or met death by starvation or exposure in some of the prison pens of the South. There were those, however, who did return, hut were severely wounded or shattered in health from disease, and others still returned who were apparently in the full glow of health. Having closely followed the pursuits of military life, yet they fully recognized their duties as citizen-, and when the regiment was finally dissolved entered upon their Life's work with the same zeal and loyalty to the laws of the country that characterized their military careers and at once won the admiration of all law-abiding people. More than a third of a century has elapsed since then and the hoys who survive this lapse of time are now past the meridian of life with little left of the old-time vigor. The incessant exposure to the deadly miasma of the swamps is now telling upon them. The diseases then sown in their systems still remain ami have developed in a marked degree: hut no one hears a sigh of regret for services performed. They recount with old-time enthusiasm the achievements of their comrades in defense of "Old Glory." They know that theirs is an imperishable glory which will grow with the years; that through their devotion to duty in their country's hour of peril humanity is now on a higher IN HI \\ A VOLUNTEEE IN FANTR"5 . 1!)1 plane than before; thai they helped to uplift this nation from the very pit of despair ami .-tart it upon its second career of unparalleled development, ami they arc no less proud thai each was a member of the grand organization of which these pages treat — The Thirty-Third Indiana Veteran Volunteer [nfantry. RECAPITULATION. Original enlist clients Commissioned officers 41 » Enlisted men 934 Recruits — Volunteers 4!tr. Drafted 27:: Substitutes 2!>:> Transferred from— '_7l li Indiana IK; 7i uti Indiana 102 851 li Indiana 135 Total membership 2.41.x Re-enlistments as veterans 44!) Total enlistments 2,86T Died of disease 1."><; Killed ( ; 1 Died of wounds 47 Accidental death (gunshot) .. 1 Suicide *. 1 Accidental drowning 1 Killed while deserting 1 Killed by a "copperhead" citizen 1 Killed by guards 2 Total deaths from all sources 271 Wounded 269 Total casualties from all sources 540 192 HISTOKY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD LOSSES BY COMPANY. Organization. SsJD ' A C S* o to 01 Q Oh . = B O 4> CD s- to C Q^: Q 3 •jj a.H o o 5* 09 ►,<-> t*> F g a ^ AZ ^2 '5 "S 0) 6t — c ll 01 V o 13 o w 02 o <) «< w M M W Q Field and staff. Company A. . . . Company B. . . . Company C. . . . Company D. . . . Company E. . . . Company F. . . . Company G. . . . Company H . . . Company I . . . . Company K. . . . Not assigned. . . Total. til 17 1 2 17 28 19 29 11 20 29 44 17 25 11 24 12 24 9 17 11 29 11 21 156 271 CASUALTIES IN BATTLES, SKIRMISHERS, ETC. Place and Date. 0) — a ° s -a o> C 3 O F o H Wildcat, Kentucky, October 21, 1861 2 1 14 2 1 69 17 London, Kentucky, August 17, 1862 2 Richmond, Kentucky, August 29, 1862 1 Thompson Station, Tennessee, March 5, 1863 Near Guy's Gap, Tennessee, July 13, 1863, by bush- 17 2 14 100 2 Near Christiana, Tenn., January 19, 1864, by bush- 2 175 6 269 2 35 5 32 47 242 In Carolinas, 1865— Averasborough, Bentonville, etc. 11 Total 61 377 CAMPAIGNS AND BATTLES. Eastern Kentucky campaign, 1861: Battle of Wild Cat, Kentucky. October 21, 1861. Cumberland Gap, Tenn.. campaign. 18G2: Battle of Tazewell, Tenn., August 26, 1863. Middle Tennessee campaign, 1803: Battle of Thompson Station, Tenn., March 5, 18G3. IXD1 ANA VOL I \Tli:i; INFANTRY. 193 Atlanta campaign, 1864: Battle of Resaca, May 15, 1864. Cassville, May 19, 1864. New Hope Church, May 25, 1864. Golgotha Church, June 15, 1864. Culp's Farm, .Time 22, 1864. Krimrsaw Mountain. June 27. 1864. reach Tree Creek, July 20, 1864. Siege of Atlanta, August 1 to September 2, 1864. Campaign through Georgia and the Carolinas: Battle of Averasborough, March 16, 1865. BentonviUe, March 19, 1865. MILES TRAVELED BY THE THIRTY-THIRD INDIANA.* Mode. Miles. Indianapolis. Ind.. to Louisville, Ky cars 108 Louisville, Ky., to Lexington, Ky c» rs 90 Lexington. Ky.. to London, Ky foot. 86 London. Ky.. to Lexington. Ky foot 86 Lexington. Ky., to Cumberland Ford. Ky foot 126 Cumberland Ford to Rogers Gap, Tenn. .'. foot 39 Rogers Gap, Tenn., back into Kentucky foot 18 Return to Rogers Gap, Tenn foot 18 Rogers Gap to Cumberland Gap, Tenn foot 19 Cumberland Gap to Tazewell, Tenn., and return foot 22 Cumberland Gap to Greenupsburg, Ky foot 219 Greenupsburg, Ky.. via Portland, Ohio, to Cincinnati, Ohio cars 160 Cincinnati. Ohio, to Danville, Ky foot 100 Danville, Ky., to Lebanon, Ky., and return foot 56 Danville. Ky.. to Louisville, Ky foot 75 Louisville to Smithland, Ky boat 350 Smithland to Nashyille. Tenn boat 200 Nashville to Franklin. Tenn foot 20 Franklin to Spring Hill and Columbia, Tenn foot 23 Columbia to Shelby ville, Tenn foot 40 Shelby ville to Tullahoma, Tenn foot 17 Tullahoma to Chattanooga. Tenn cars 80 Chattanooga, via Richmond, Va., to Norfolk, Va cars 650 Norfolk, to Annapolis. Md boat 225 Anuapolis to Indianapolis, Ind cars 700 Indianapolis to Louisville, Ky cars 108 Louisville to Nashville, Tenn cars 190 Nashville to Franklin, Tenn foot 20 Franklin to Murfreesborough, Tenn foot 3<> Murfreesborough to Shelby ville, Tenn., and return foot 50 Murfreesborough to Dechard and return to Christiana, Tenn cars 50 Christiana to Nashville, Tenn foot 50 Nashville to Louisville, Ky caTS 185 -"These distances were secured by the writer by correspondence with the proper authorities since the war. (13) 194 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Mode. Miles. Louisville to Indianapolis, Ind cars 108 Indianapolis to Louisville, Ky cars 108 Louisville to Nashville, Tenn cars 185 Nashville to Chattanooga, Tenn cars 150 Chattanooga to Washington, D. C, via Atlanta and Savannah, Ga., Columbia, S. C, and Richmond, Va foot 1,525 Washington, D. C, to Pai-kersburg, W. Va cars 358 Parkersburg to Cincinnati, Ohio boat 282 Cincinnati to Louisville, Ky boat 150 Louisville to Indianapolis, Ind cars 108 Miscellaneous marching (approximated) foot 300 RECAPITULATION. Miles traveled on cars 3,338 Miles traveled on boat 1,207 Miles traveled on foot 2,617 Miles traveled on foot (miscellaneous) 300 Total 7.4«;_' INDIAN \ VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 195 APPENDIX. I.N MEMORY OF COL. JAMES E. BURTON. Col. James E. Burton died at the home of his son, David P. Burton, in Gosport, Indiana, September 27, 1900. He had been in Eeeble and declining health for several years, caused by disabilities and disease contracted in the army. Colonel Burton's parents, John Burton and Nancy Wishard Burton. removed from their home in Kentucky at an early day, to what is now- known as Monroe county, Indiana, near the town of Mount Tabor. Here James E. was born September- 23, 1824. He was the youngest of nine children — five sons and four daughters. His father built the first grist-mill in that part of the country, and James E. grew up around the mill and on the farm, until a young man, when he engaged in ftatboating, and made seven trips by flat-boat to New Orleans. He also engaged in general merchandising at the town of Mount Tabor, which at that time was a place of considerable importance — one of the principal business centers in all that country. He assisted in clearing up the country, which he saw gradually change from the wild, primi- tive forest, sparsely settled, to a thickly populated and highly culti- vated community. March 23, 1848, he was married to Cynthia A. Buskirk, thus uniting two of the most prominent pioneer families of that locality. After marriage, he sold his mercantile interests and bought a farm a few miles away, in Baker township, Morgan county, Indiana. Here he settled down to the life of a farmer, stock-raiser and trader, in which he was successful, and added to his possessions until he had one of the finest farms in all that country. The Burtons and Buskirk- were families of character and force. stalwart physically, mentally and morally, public-spirited, and leaders in their community. When President Lincoln ca.lled for troops to suppress the rebellion m 1861, James E. Burton, then in the prime of life, and the most successful and prominent citizen in his community, raised a company from among his neighbors, all farmers or sons of farmers, and reported with the same at Camp Morton, Indianapolis, in August, 1861. He was elected and commissioned captain of the company, which became Company H of the Thirty-third Regiment Indiana Volunteers. He served with his company for three years, was captured at Thompson Station. Tennessee, with the regiment, was severely wounded at Culp's 1!U; BISTORT OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Farm, Georgia, June 22, L'864, and at the reorganization of the regi- ment as a veteran regiment, at Atlanta in September, 1864, he was elected colonel of the regiment, succeeding Col. John Coburn, and continued with the regiment until its muster-out at the close of the war. As a soldier, Colonel Burton was a typical rough-and-ready volun- teer fighter, kind-hearted in the extreme, but knew no fear, a little careless as to military discipline, but solicitous for the comfort and health of his command, always ready for a fight, and never failing to give a good account of his command in the face of the enemy. At the close of the war he returned to his farm and vigorously en- tered into the business of farming and stock trading on a large scale. With many others, he met with financial reverses in the great panic of 1873, and never recovered his fortune. He removed to Martinsville, Indiana, where, broken in health, he continued to reside until his death. He leaves an aged widow and two sons, David P., of Gosport, and James S., of Martinsville. MILITARY ORGANIZATIONS TO WHICH THE THIRTY-THIRD INDIANA BELONGED. When the Thirty-third Indiana Infantry joined the army in Ken- tucky, in 1861, it was commanded first by Brig.-Gen. Bobert Ander- son, of Fort Sumter fame. He was soon succeeded by Brig.-Gen. W. T. Sherman. At that time there were no corps, divisions, or brigade organiaztions. On November 30, 1861, the army was organized into brigades and known as Department of the Ohio, and composed of sixteen brigades. Department commander, Brig.-Gen. Don Carlos Buell; First brigade, Brig.-Gen. A. Schoepf, commanding Thirty-third Indiana Infantry, Twelfth Kentucky Infantry, Seventeenth and Thirty-eighth Ohio Infantry. On April 30, 1862, the Army of the Ohio was reorganized with seven divisions and twenty-seven brigades, Brig.-Gen. D. C. Buell commanding; Seventh division, Brig.-Gen. George W. Morgan com- manding; Twenty-seventh brigade, Brig. -Gen. Absalom Baird com- manding — Thirty-third Indiana Infantry and Fourteenth and Nine- teenth Kentucky Tnfantry. On October 31, 1862, the Army of Kentucky was organized into three divisions, Brig.-Gen. Gordon Granger commanding; Third divi- sion, Brig.-Gen. Absalom Baird commanding; First brigade, Col. John Coburn commanding— Thirty-third and Eighty-fifth Indiana Infan- try, Nineteenth Michigan Tnfantry. and Twenty-second Wisconsin Infantry. INDIANA VOLTJNTEEK INFANTRY. 197 Id December, 1862, the Department of I he Ohio was reorganized with Maj.-Gen. H. G. Wright commanding; Third division, Brig.-Gen. Absalom Baird commanding; First brigade, Col. John Coburn, com- manding, with same regiments composing brigade. The division and brigade were transferred to Middle Tennessee in January, 1863, and the Department of the Cumberland was reor- ganized June 8, 1863, Major-Genera I Rosecrans commanding; First division. Brig.-Gen. Absalom Baird commanding; Firsi brigade, Col. John Coburn commanding, composing same regiments with the Ninth < Mi id lottery added. On June 30, 1863, the Department of the Cumberland was reor- ganized, Maj-Gen. W. S. Rosecrans commanding; Reserve Corps, Maj.- Gen. Gordon Granger commanding; First division, Brig.-Gen. Ab- salom Baird commanding; Third brigade, Col. W. L. Dtley command- ing, same regiments and battery composing brigade. On October 31, 1863, Department of the Cumberland was again reorganized, Major-General Rosecrans commanding; brigade unat- tached and designated "Coburn' s brigade," with same regiments and battery composing brigade. On July 31, 1863, Department of the Cumberland again reorgan- ized, Major-General Rosecrans commanding; Reserve Corps. Maj.- Gen. Gordon Granger commanding; First division, Brig.-Gen. Walter ( '. Whittaker commanding; Third brigade, Col. John Coburn com- manding, with same regiments and battery composing brigade. On August. 31, 1863, Department of the Cumberland was again reorganized, Major-General Rosecrans commanding; Reserve Corps, Gen. Gordon Granger commanding; First division, Brig.-Gen. James B. Stedman commanding; Third brigade, Col. John Coburn com- manding, with same regiments composing brigade. On December 31, 1863, Department of the Cumberland again re- organized. Maj.-Gen. George H. Thomas commanding. The brigade was unattached and known as "Coburn's brigade," with same regi- ments composing brigade. On January 31, 1864, Department of the Cumberland again reor- ganized, Maj-Gen. George H. Thomas commanding; Eleventh and Twelfth Corps, Maj.-Gen. Joseph Hooker commanding; Eleventh Corps, Gen. Carl Schurz commanding during temporary absence of Major-General Howard; First division, Brig-Gen. W. T. Ward com- manding; Second brigade. Col. John Coburn commanding, with same regiments composing brigade. On April 14, 1864, Eleventh and Twelfth Corps consolidated and designated the Twentieth Corps, Major-General Hooker commanding; 198 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Third division. Maj-Gen. Daniel Butterfield commanding; Second brigade, with same regiments composing brigade, with the Twentieth Connecticut Infantry added, but which regiment was transferred to Third brigade on May 26. On May 3, 1864, the army was reorganized, Maj.-Gen. W. T. Sher- man commanding; 'twentieth Corps successively commanded hy Maj.- Gen. Joseph Hooker, Brig.-Gen. Alpheus S. Williams, and Maj.-Gen. H. W. Slocum; Third division successfully commanded by Maj-Gen. D. Butterfield and Brig.-Gen. W. T. Ward; Second brigade, same regi- ments composing brigade, successively commanded by Col. Samuel Eoss and Col. John Coburn, the latter assuming command May 9, 1864. General Sherman's army was reorganized just prior to the "march to the sea," with no change in commanders of the divisions of the corps. Major-General Slocum was placed in command of the left wing of the army, composed of the Twentieth and Fourteenth Corps, when Gen. A. S. Williams reassumed command of the Twentieth Corps. Col. John Coburn having been mustered out of the service, Col. Daniel Dustin, of the One Hundred and Fifth Illinois, assumed command of the Second brigade, with same regiments composing brigade. The corps thus organized remained intact until Sherman's army reached Washington City, when it was dissolved, the Thirty-third being transferred to the Fourteenth Corps, in which organization it remained until the muster out of the regiment in July, 1865. CORRESPONDENCE RELATING TO REORGANIZATION OF REGIMENT. Headquarters Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, Christiana, Tennessee, February 24, 1864. Henderson, James M., lieutenant-colonel, commanding Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, asks for orders to report with Thirty-third Regiment. Indiana Veteran Volunteers, at Indianapolis. Indiana, for fur- lough and reorganization. Headquarters Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, Christiana, Tennessee, February 24, 1864. Sir: I have the honor to report four hundred thirty (430) enlisted men duly mustered as veterans in the Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volun- teers. This number being more than three-fourths of those eligible to re- enlist, serving in a body, makes it a veteran regiment, and I respectfully ask for orders to report with all veterans duly mustered, together with all officers of the regiment now serving with it, except those herein named, to the superintendent of recruiting service at Indianapolis, Indiana, for furloughs and reorganization. See copy of Morning Report. IN Ml \\ \ VOLUNTEEE [NFANTKY. 199 There are edghl (8) recruits who. having served twenty-one (21) months, are willing to comply with the provisions of General orders No. 12, C. S. D. C, dated January 19, 1864. I would also report sixty-live recruits, who have served between eighteen and nineteen months, who are willing to re-enlist as soon as eligible, provided they are ordered home for furloughs with the regiment. I respectfully request that they he allowed to accompany the regiment. I request that the silver comet band of the regiment be ordered home, to assist in recruiting. All officers of the regiment, now serving with it. have expressed a de- sire to re-enter the service, except First Lieut. Pliny McKnight, Com- pany G. Capt. Edward T. McCrea, Company D, having been absent for the past three months, is not desirous of returning home and will be left in command of those who remain. I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, JAMES M. HENDERSON, I. ieut. -Col., Commanding Thirty-third Regt, Ind. Vols. Brig-Gen. William D. Whipple. A. A. G. Department of the Cumberland. Headquarters Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, Christiana, Tennessee, February 24, 18G4. I certify on honor that all reports and returns due Headquarters, De- partment of the Cumberland, and to the Ordnance Department have been furnished by all officers now serving with the Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. JAMES M. HENDERSON, Lieut.-Col., Commanding Thirty-third Regt., Ind. Vols. Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga, March 8, 1864. Thomas, Major-General, S. F. Order No. 68, permits the Thirty-third Indiana Volunteers to go to Indiana on furlough for thirty days. Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Chattanooga, Tennessee, March 8, 1864. Special Field Orders, No. 68. [Extract.] XVI. That part of the Thirty-third Indiana Infantry which has been duly mustered as a veteran organization, and also such members of it, both here and at. points en route as are eligible, and may re-enlist, will proceed to Indianapolis, Indiana, under command of Lieut.-Col. J. M. Henderson, who, upon his arrival at that place, will report through the Governor of Indiana to the superintendent of recruiting service for that State for the furlough of thirty days granted veteran volunteers, and for the reorganization and recruiting of the regiment. Such members of the regiment as have served two years, but do not re-enlist, will be transferred to another regiment, under the supervision of Maj.-Gen. O. O. Howard, commanding Eleventh A. C. Those men of the regiment who have not served two years will be temporarily transferred during the absence of the regiment, returning to duty with it upon its return, except that such as will have completed 200 HISTOEY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD their two years' service within three months, and who have given a written promise that they will enlist as veterans as soon as they shall become respectively eligible, may accompany the regiment. At the expiration of the furlough the regiment will report in a body for orders at the rendezvous established for it by the superintendent of recruiting of Indiana. The Quartermaster's Department will furnish transportation, including transportation for the officers' horses, subject to the limitations of Gen- eral Orders No. 171, War Department series 863. By command of Major-General Thomas. WM. D. WHIPPLE, Assistant Adjutant-General. Lieut. -Col. J. M. Henderson, Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Infantry. i R. R. Headquarters, March 18. 1864. Paid the following named officers of the Thirty-third Indiana Volunteer Infantry in full to February 29, 1864: Lieut.-Col. James M. Henderson, Maj. L. T. Miller. Capt. Charles Seaton, Capt. James L. Banks, Capt. Charles Day, Capt. William A. Whit- son, Capt. J. T. Fleming, Capt. John C. Maze, Capt. James E. Burton. Capt. George L. Scott, Capt. John P. Niederauer, First Lieut. William Hollingsworth, First Lieut. William J. Day, First Lieut. William Chand- ler, First Lieut. William S. McCullough, First Lieut. L. E. McKinney, First Lieut. H. C. Johnson, First Lieut, and Adjt. E. Wallingford, Second Asst. Surg. J. K. Vincent, Second Lieut. James Simpson, Second Lieut. Ben. M. Freeland, Second Lieut. John Hart, Second Lieut. James C. McClurkin, Second Lieut. William H. Boone, Second Lieut. Jeff. C. Fair. ROBERT SMITH, of Wise, Paymaster U. S. A.. Indianapolis. Indiana. Transportation furnished from Nashville to Louisville. Ky.. by Capt. J. C. Crane, Assistant Quartermaster, at the cost of dollars. March 23, 1864. Adjutant-General's Office, Indianapolis, March 28, 1864. Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson having reported with his command, is hereby directed to report for further orders to the general superintendent of volunteer recruiting service in Indiana for further orders. By order of Governor Morton. LAZ. NOBLE. Adjutant-General Indiana. Headquarters Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. "In the Field," near Atlanta. Georgia. August 15, 1864. Miller. Maj. Levin T., Thirty-third Indiana Infantry Volunteers, com- manding the regiment, applies for the muster-out of the service of officers, and one hundred and ninety enlisted men, of the Thirty-third Indiana Volunteers, whose original term of service expires on the 15th day of September. 1864. i\i)iA\\ vnu \ i i:ki; infantry. 201 Headquarters Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Infantry Vols. "In the Field," Georgia, August, 18C4. sir: In compliance with Genera] orders No. 88, Department of the Cumberland, June 26, L864, I have the honor to make application Cor the muster-out el' such enlisted men ol" the Thirty-third Regiment, Indian;! Infantry Volunteers, as are no>t veteran volunteers or recruits, and whose term of service will expire on the 15th day of September. 1864; and also of such commissioned officers of said regiment as do not desire to remain longer in the service after the expiration of their original term of three years' service. September 16, 1S64. l respectfully state thai each company, as a company, and the regi- ment as a regiment, was mustered and accepted into the service for three years on the L6th day of September. 1861, as will appear by the original muster-in rolls of the Held and staff and companies accompanying this application. At the date of this application there are nineteen (19) officers and one hundred and ninety (30b) enlisted men of the original members of the regiment, who. by expiration of term of service, will be entitled to be mustered out on the 15th day of September, 1864. On the 25th day of March. 1S64. the total number of enlisted men in the regiment was eight hundred and thirty-eight (838), classed as follows: Veteran volunteers 448 Recruits not eligible for veteran service 163 Men in arrest or confinement, with less than one year to serve 5 Men eligible to enter the veteran service, but who did not re-enlist. . . . 222 Total enlisted 838 On the 29th day of February, 1864, application was made for the order of the regiment home in a body, to receive the furlough given to veteran volunteers. At this date the number of veteran volunteers was four hundred and thirty (430), which was three-fourths of those present serving with the regiment eligible to re-enlist. It was stated in this application for the furlough that four hundred and thirty (430) was three-fourths of the men "then serving with the regiment" who were eligible to enter the veteran service. This statement was made because it was the under- standing of all the officers then that, to make a veteran company, or a veteran regiment, but three-fourths of the men "serving with the com- pany or the regiment," was requisite, and not three-fourths of the aggre- gate, present and absent. It was also expressly understood by the officers that, if enough men of their companies, or enough men of the whole regiment, re-enlisted to make a company, a veteran company, or the regiment, a veteran regiment, then the officers of the company, or the officers of the whole regiment, were nor only privileged, but required to accompany and have command of theil men going home, and on their return to the field, and were required to perform the work of recruiting and reorganization, which was to go on during the time of the furlough, agreeable to Par. V. General Orders No. 376. War Department, November 21. 1863. On the 18th day of March, 1SG4, Special Field Order No. 68, Depart- ment of the Cumberland, dated March 8. 1864. was received at regimental 202 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD headquarters ordering Lieut.-Col. James .M. Henderson, then in command of the regiment. :inrl such enlisted men of the regiment as had re-enlisted, to proceed to Indianapolis, Indiana, and report to the Governor of Indiana for the thirty (30) days* furlough, and for recruiting and reorganization. On the 25th day of March. 1864, by the orders of Lieutenant-Coionel Henderson, commanding the regiment, all the officers present serving with the regiment, with the exception of Capt. Edward T. McCrea and First Lieut. Pliny McKnight (who were ordered to take charge of the non- veterans and recruits, because there were other officers serving with their companies, and because they did not wish to accompany the regiment home and assist in recruiting), and four hundred and forty-eight (448) veteran volunteers mustered in, left Nashville, Tenn., for Indianapolis, Ind., and on the 28th day of March, 1864, he reported the regiment, through Adjutant-General Noble, of Indiana, to Governor Morton. The officers reported to the general superintendent for recruiting in Indiana, and were by that officer all placed on duty until the furlough of the vet- erans should expire. I respectfully state that, although the application of Lieutenant - Colonel Henderson for the order of the veterans home, dated February 29, 1864, stated that all the officers serving with the regiment desired to remain in the service longer than their original term, as a matter of fact none of them expressed any such desire, to him or amy one, as I am informed, and when those officers went home, they considered that they went home by his order, through the provisions of Paragraph V, General Order No. 376, War Department, November 21, 1863, above referred to. I respectfully state that during the time of veteran volunteering, to wit, in the months of December. 1863, and January, February and March, 1864, the officers of the regiment told their men that they did not expect to remain in the service, and that, when the original term of service of the officers expired, that the men might, by election, chose their officers from themselves, and that their choice would be recommended to Hie Governor of Indiana for commissions. The proposition was made by the officers in good faith, to give worthy non-commissioned officers promotion, and was a great inducement to the men to re-enlist. This proposition was made to the regiment about the middle of the month of February, 1864, and was such a powerful induce- ment to the men to re-enlist that in two or three days afterward the number of re-enlistments doubled^ and finally, by the 1st of March, reached over 440. It was the mutual and common understanding between the officers and men that the officers would not remain longer than their original term of enlistment, and all understood that there was nothing that bound the officers to remain in the service after that lime unless they chose to remain. But it was then, and is now understood iu the regiment, that unless the men choose their own officers, it will be an act of bad faith, and dishonorable for officers to insist on remaining. I respectfully slate that, while veteran volunteering was going on in the regiment, the following named officers were absent from it on detached service: Col. John Coburn. commanding brigade. Maj. L. T. Miller, on general court-martial I\I>I \N \ VOLUNTEEB IM'AM'ltY. 203 Capt. Charles Seaton, on general court-martial. First Lieut. E. I. Bachman, on Colonel Goburn's staff. They made application to accompany the regiment home to Indiana, but expressly stated in their application that they did not desire to remain in the service after the expiration of their original term of enlistment — three years. They accompanied the regiment home, by authority of Gen- eral Howard, commanding the Eleventh Corps, to which organization the regiment was then attached. Firsl Lieut, and Asst. Qm. Joint A. Wilkens had been on recruiting service in Indiana (luring the veteran volunteering. He was relieved and ordered to report to his regiment for duty, and arrived the 24th day of March. 1864, the day previous to (he time the regiment started for Indianapolis', Indiana. lie was ordered by Ldeut.-Col. .lames M. Hen- derson, commanding the regiment, to procure the necessary transportation and accompany the regiment home. 1 respectfully state the fact to be that, al the time the regiment went home, to wit, on the 25th day of March, 1864, the officers of the regiment were ignorant of the fact that they had been reported to Department Headquarters in the application made the 29th day of February, 1864, as desiring to remain in the service after the expiration of their original term: and further, that neither during the time of going home, nor since their return to the field, have the officers expressed a desire to remain longer in the service than their original term, except the following named officers: Capt. James E. Burton. Company H; Capt. John P. Niederauer, Com- pany K; Capt. John C. Maze, Company G; Second Lieut. Enos Halbert, Company I; Second Lieut. Benjamin Freeland, Company B; Chaplain John McCrea. And these have all been selected by the men to remain as their officers in their respective grades and commands mentioned. The following is a list by name and rank of the officers present with the regiment or brigade, who do not desire to remain in the service after the expiration of their original terms, September 16, 1864, to wit: Field and Staff.— Col. John Coburn, Maj. L. T. Miller, First Lieut. John A. Wilkens, R. Q. M., First Asst. Surg. Jeremiah K. Vincent. Company A. — Capt. Charles Seaton, physically unfit for the service; Second Lieut. James Simpson. Company B.— First Lieut. William W. Hollingsworth. Company C— Capt. Charles Day, physically unfit for the service; First L-ieut. William J. Day, Second Lieut. John Hart, physically unfit for the service. Company D.— Capt. E. T. McCrea, First Lieut. William Chandler, physically unfit for the service. Company F. — Capt. Joseph T. Fleming. Second Lieut. James Mc- Clurkin. Company G.— First Lieut. Pliny McKnight. Company H.— Second Lieut. Jeff C. Farr. Company L— First Lieut. E. I. Bachman. Company K.— First Lieut. Henry C. Johnson, Second Lieut. John W. Slauter, physically unfit for the service. 204 HISTORY OF THE Til IETY-TIIIRD The following named officers are absent from the regiment and brigade, and no application is made for their muster-out: Lieut. -Col. James M. Henderson sick at Nashville, Tennessee. Surgeon Joseph G. McPheeters, detached, Chattanooga, physically unfit for the service as a regimental surgeon. ('apt- James E. Burton, o>ii furlough, wounded. First Lieut. Lawson E. McKinney, on furlough, wounded. First Lieut. Henry R. Flook, on furlough, wounded, detached with Signal Corps since April, 1862. Probably promoted and transferred to that branch of the service. First Lieut. W. S. McCullough, wounded, on furlough. First Lieut. John Spratt, wounded, on furlough. Second Lieut. Loyd T. Duncan, wounded, on furlough. Second Lieut. William Boone, absent, sick. Incompetent. I respectfully state that on the 24th day of March, 1864, the regiment was not a veteran regiment, according to Paragraph 3, General Order No. 12, Department of the Cumberland, January 19, 1864, which deducted only the men absent in general hospitals, convalescent camps and prisons from the aggregate. The regimental morning report for that day is as follows: Enlisted men present 730 Enlisted men absent 108 Total present and absent 838 Of this number there were recruits 163 Leaving a remainder of 675 The number of veterans was 448, which is not three-fourths (%) of those eligible according to the above standard. This, therefore, was not a veteran regiment, although officers honestly believed it to be at the time referred to, but officers now prefer that it be regarded as a veteran regiment that its organization be preserved. I respectfully state that elections have been held in all the companies by the enlisted men to fill the vacancies that will occur by the old officers being mustered out. and the company officers chosen, as shown below, have likewise, by election, selected officers to compose the new field and staff. The following is a list of the new officers: FIELD AM) STAFF. Lieut. -Col. James M. Henderson to be colonel. Capt. James E. Burton to be lieutenant-colonel. Capt. John P. Niederauer to be major. First Asst. Surg. Robert F. Bence to be surgeon. Dr. F. M. Ferree, of Indiana, to be first assistant surgeon. Hospital Steward John Moffitt to be second assistant surgeon. Rev. John McCrea to be chaplain. No election for regimental adjutant, quartermaster and non-commis- sioned staff has been made, the new officers preferring that selections for these positions be made by the commanding officers of the regiment. INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 205 The following is the list of the line officers: Company A.— Sergt. John W. Taylor to be captain; Sergt. William a. Dilley to be lirsi lieutenant; Private George W. Greenlee to be second lieutenant. Company B.— Second Lieut. Benjamin H. Freeland to be captain; Corporal Israel ME. Adams to he first lieutenant; Corporal Henry II. Jeter to be second lieutenant. Company C— Sergt. Amos J. Thomas to be captain; Corporal John Hardwick to be first lieutenant; Private James Bain to be second lieu- tenant. Company D.— Sergt. David A. Fateley to be captain; Sergt. John E. Smith to be first lieutenant; Sergt. Jacob Moore to be second lieutenant. Company E — Sergt. J. H. Brown to be captain. Company F— Sergt. -Ma. j. Robert M. McMastex to be captain: Sergt. William McKissick to be first lieutenant; Sergt. Robert McConnell to be second lieutenant. Company G— Ca.pt. John C. Maze to be captain: Sergt. Samuel D. Helman to be first lieutenant: Corporal Robert B. Craig to be second lieu- tenant. Company H— Capt. James E. Burton to be captain; Sergt. John Slough to be first lieutenant; Corporal Henry Burkhart to be second lieutenant. Company I.— Sergt. Henry Wallace to be captain; Second Lieut. Enos Halbert to be first lieutenant: Corporal Jacob Grdsler to be second lieu- tenant. Company K.— Capt. John P. Niederauer to be captain: Sergt. Lindsey T. Hendricks to be first lieutenant: Sergt. William Nodurft to he second lieutenant. The names of these officers will be forwarded to the Adjutant-General of Indiana for commissions in accordance with the promises heretofore made to the men, unless otherwise ordered by the commanding general. I respectfully state, after the muster-out of such enlisted men of the regiment as are entitled to muster-out on the 15th day of September. 1864, there will be left of veterans and recruits the following number of enlisted men in each company: Company A a ° Company B 50 Company C " 4 Company D ^6 Company E °^ Company F 69 Company G ^8 Company H 58 Company I 5T Company K "- 598 Non-commissioned staff " Total 604 >()(; HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD And being unacquainted with the recent orders relative to the number and grade of officers that companies below the maximum may be entitled to, I respectfully request that the commanding officer of the regiment may be informed what number and grade of officers each of these companies are entitled to have, provided the commanding general approves of the elections made by the men, as above mentioned, in order that the names of the new officers may be forwarded to the Adjutant-General of Indiana as early as possible for commissions. I have the honor to ask that the commanding general order the muster- out of enlisted men whose term of enlistment expires on the 16th day of September, 1864, and also of all the officers who do not desire to remain in the service after that, date, and that they be ordered in a body to Indianapolis, Indiana, to be mustered out. I would most respectfully call the attention of the commanding gen- eral to the facts set forth in this application, especially so far as they relate to the going home of the officers on furlough. 1st. That these officers have never expressed a desire to remain in the service, except certain of them who are mentioned above. 2d. That, although they were so reported to department headquarters in Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson's application, February 29, 1864, they did not tell him nor authorize him to report them as desiring to remain in the service. 3d. That they expected to go out of the service at the expiration of their original term and told their men that they did; and in view of this fact they told their men that they might elect their new officers them- selves. 4th. That the officers, except such as went home by the special orders of General Howard, commanding the Eleventh Corps, went home by the verbal order of Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson, then in command of the regiment. 5th. That it was not known and understood by officers that if they went home with three-fourths (%) of their regiment or three-fourths (%) of their company, the Government would hold them for three years more if they did not desire to remain in the service after the expiration of their original term of service. 6th. It was understood and believed by officers that, when three- fourths (%) of their company or three-fourths (%) of their regiment became veteran volunteers, they were permitted to accompany them home in a body, to reorganize and recruit, in accordance with Paragraph V. General Orders No. 376, War Department, November 21, 1863. 7tb. That Captain Mcllvaine, U. S. A. Mustering Officer, who mus- tered the veterans, told Capt. James E. Burton. Company H, Thirty-third Indiana, in reply to a question asked by said Burton whether he could be mustered as a veteran officer, that "there were no such officers known as veteran officers. That the Government had made no provision for muster- ing volunteer officers into the veteran service until the expiration of their original term of service, and that then it was optional with them whether they remained in the service or not. That when three-fourths (%) of the regiment volunteered ns veterans, all the officers excepl those detailed to take charge of non-veterans and recruits, were permitted to go home by the orders of the War Department." INDIANA VOLTJNTEEE INFANTRY. 207 I respectfully ask and earnestly request thai the c manding general Avill recognize and confirm the election made by these "veterans," especially for the company officers. First: Because they have chosen intelligent, competent, moral men to be their officers— men who have stood up to the work through this cam- paign bravely and well. Secondly: Because it will be carrying out in good faith the promises made to these men when they re-enlisted. 1 respectfully request, thai if previous to the 15th day of September, L864, the regimenl can be spared from active field service, thai it be relieved in a body for a reasonable length of time, in order thai officers may have the time and opportunity, while all the men are present, of getting receipts for clothing, camp and garrison equipage issued: of making up their returns for the same and for ordnance and ordnance Stores, and for making- our the necessary "invoices" and "receipts," in turning over to their successors the company property on hand, because they have had no time or opportunity to attend to company business while they have been on this campaign, and it is only within the last few days that their books and papers have come up from Chattanooga, and they have been so actively engaged that it was impossible to do any business at all. The muster rolls show that a large number of the men were mustered in during August, 1861, almost three years ago. Accom- panying this application are certified copies of the original field and staff and company muster-in rolls, muster-out "rolls in the rough," for the in- formation of the division commissary of musters, a copy of Lieut. -Col. James M. Henderson's application for the furlough of the regiment, Feb- ruary 29, 18G4; a copy of Special Field Order No. 68, Department of the Cumberland, dated March 8, 1864. I have the honor to be, very respectfully. Your obedient servant, LEVIN T. MILLER, Major. Commanding Thirty-third Regt.. Ind. Inf. Vols. Brig.-Gen. William D. Whipple. A. A. G., Department of the Cumberland. Headquarters Second Brigade. Third Division. Twentieth Corps. August 15, 1864. Approved and respectfully forwarded. JOHN COBURN, Colonel Commanding Brigade. Headquarters Third Division. Twentieth Army Corps, August 15, 1864. Respectfully forwarded. W. T. WARD, Brigadier-General. Letters of Col. John Cohum. commanding brigade, to (Jen. William D. Whipple. Adjutant-General, as to himself and the officers of the Thirty- third Indiana. August 15 and 17. 1864, recommending muster out of non- reteran officers, etc. 208 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Headquarters Second Brigade, Third Division, Twentieth Corps. Near Atlanta, Georgia, August 15, 1804. Brig.-Gen. William D. Whipple, A. A. G. General: In view of the fact that, recently, applications by officers to be mustered nut who have gone home with their regiments as veterans have met with disfavor by the commanding general, I have the honor to make an accompanying statement: 1st. I believe it to be the fact that the officers who went home with their men thought that it was their duty as well as right so to do. inas- much as the order of the War Department required that in veteran organ- izations the officers and men should go home to recruit and reorganize. ( >f herwise they would not have gone. They acted upon the principle that wherever the regiment went, as a regiment, the officers should go. The consequence Avas, that on arriving at Indianapolis, they were put on recruiting service. I'd. The proposition made to the men by the officers on the 14th day of February, 1S64, secured a large number of veterans, perhaps two hundred. The regiment, in consequence, sent home perhaps a larger number of veterans than any Indiana regiment in the Army of the Cumberland. 448 men. I agree fully with Major Miller, who commands the regiment and has done so very gallantly this whole campaign, that the officers chosen will do duty quite as well as the present ones, and in some cases better. 3d. I need hardly recur to the fact that these troops who went home as veterans were received with great honor by the Governors of the various Northern States, and publicly paraded through the State capitals as spectacles to arouse public sentiment, and increase recruiting. It was as well understood that this should be done as that the bounty should be paid the men, and was not done as a mere show, but as an instrumentality in recruiting the army, and was in fact a very effective one. This could not have been done unless the officers had accompanied the men. In the case of this regiment no officers were detailed to go in command of the com- panies of this regiment, but everything indicated that they should go. They went and were surprised to learn very recently that a different con- struction had been put upon the order by the department, and that to go home, under the circumstances, implied a promise to re-enter the service. I will say frankly that my own opinion was that nothing but an express pledge would bind an officer in this matter, and that this opinion was made up from the orders of the War Department, strengthened by one of the Department of the Cumberland. Thus, the War Department orders do not, in terms, provide for officers entering the veteran service, but do provide they shall not until their time expires, have anything to do with it, as at that time it is optional with the Department Commander to determine who shall go out, as for instance those physically disabled, incompetent or supernumerary. And then this department required a certificate of an ••expressed desire" on the part of applicants for going home to re-enter the service. If the simple act of going home was a pledge to re-enter the service, why require one in advance in terms? So- I reasoned at the time. So. I know, did many others. INDIANA VOLUNTEEB INFANTRY. 209 There arc fourteen officers physically suitable for service who desire to be mustered out. All the others will remain, or should go out on accounl of inability to do duty. Their names are se1 forth in Major Miller's communication. Some of these officers have literally dragged along this campaign with :i view to till out the full measure of their obli- giation lo their country when they might have gone heme nt once weeks ago en a discharge for disability. With commendable spirit they are yet with tin' regiment, and have contributed in no small degree to its, so far, unshaded success. I ask respectfully that as early attention be given to this statement as is consistent with the pressing duties of the officers in command. 1 am confident that what lias been done in the premises has been done with honorable motives, and with an eye single to the good of the service. In order that commissions lie issued to the new officers and they lie mustered in time, early action is desirable. I am. sir. very respectfully, your obedient servant, JOHN COBUKN, Colonel Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers. Headquarters Second Brigade, Third Division, Twentieth Corps, August 15, 1864. Coburn, John. Colonel Thirty-third Regiment, Indiana Volunteers, makes statement relative to non-veterans, etc. Headquarters Second Brigade, Third Division. Twentieth Corps. August 17, 1864. Brig.-Gen. William D. Whipple. A. A. G.: General— On yesterday I sent to you by the hand of Major Miller, Thirty-third Indiana, the papers of that regiment relative to the muster out of non-veterans. You were not present and he left them with an officer to be handed to you. I call your attention to the fact lest you may not have seen them. In my own case. I simply asked for the leave to go home, and by General Howard, of the Eleventh Corps, was ordered to go home in com- mand. So I did not go home on leave. Major Miller, and Lieutenant Bachman and Captain Sea ton expressed no desire to go into the service, but the contrary, in their applications, and they were ordered to go with their regiments, who went as veterans. The other officers, not being detached, went under Colonel Henderson's application. I had no leave, but went under orders (see copies of General Howard's orders), having been relieved of the command of the brigade for that express purpose. Again, in the matter of election of officers, this case is very different from all others yet acted on. The muster rolls of the veterans show that more than half of the whole number of veterans were enlisted after the 13th of February, 1864, wffien the officers pledged the men that they should choose their own officers after the present term of service. This was done in good faith, scoured over 200 veterans. T believe, and ought to be abided by. (14i 210 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD 1 am confident it is greatly for the public advantage that 200 and mure good men should be remustered for three years, than that twelve or fourteen officers should stand in their way. Especially, as the order of the War Department contemplated a continuance of the officers in service, if they so desired. Here they honorably stepped out of the way, and said to The men: "We relinquish this privilege and give it to you, if you will re-enter the service." I say now that I know of no act in the career of my officers more honorable than this. It should not, then, be to their discredit that they ask to go out now. No dangerous precedent can be established by recognizing this act. I suppose on examination of the papers you will find all needful facts in the case. I am. very respectfully, your obedient servant, J. CO BURN, Colonel, Thirty-third. Headquarters Twentieth Corps. August 16, 1864. Respectfully forwarded. O. H. WILLIAMS, Brigadier-General Commanding. Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Near Atlanta, Georgia, August 16, 1864. Respectfully forwarded to the Adjutant-General for his decision in this matter of the officers of the Thirty-third Indiana Veteran Volunteers, and to know whether he is willing they should be mustered out of service at the expiration of term of service of the regiment. 1 consider them in the same category as officers who have claimed discharge after having availed themselves of the furlough granted to veteran volunteers, and whom I have heretofore recommended for dishonorable dismissal. Should the Adjutant-General decide that they can be held as veteran volunteers. 1 shatl, in like manner, recommend them for dismissal if they persist in claiming their discharge. GEORGE H. THOMAS, Major-General Commanding. War Department, Adjutant-General's Office, September 6, 1864. Respectfully returned. The regiment being veteran, its organization will be kept up, and enlisted men entitled to discharge will be disposed of as directed in Circular No. 36, Sec. 1, Par. 1. The musters-out of officers will be regu- lated by Circular No. 61, current series, copy herewith. A list, with date of muster-in of each officer, is respectfully furnished herewith for your information and that of the Corps Commissary of Musters. By order of the Secretary of War. THOMAS M. VINCENT. Assistant Adjutant-General. iMil \\ \ VOL! \ I I il; I \ F i.NTET. 211 Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Office Commissary of Musters, Atlanta. Georgia, September L6, 1864. Respectfully referred to Gen. W. D. Whipple. Assistanl Adjutant-Gen- eral. Am order should be issued for Commissary of Musters, Twentieth Corps, t<> have the non-veterans and officers entitled under Circular 61, War Department, mustered out at once. ALFRED L. HOUGH, Captain and Chief Commissary of Musters. Headquarters Department of the Cumberland, Atlanta, Georgia, September 17, 1864. Respectfully referred to Maj. L. T. Miller, commanding the Thirty- third Indiana Volunteers, for his information. This paper to be returned. By command of Major- General Thomas. SOUTHARD HOFFMAN, Assistant Adjutant-General. Headquarters Second Brigade, Third Division, Twentieth Corps. September 21, 1864. Kespectfully returned to Major Miller. The reversal of the order of (Jen. G. H. Thomas, by the War Department, is an act of signal justice to the faithful and gallant officers herein named. JOHN COBURN, Colonel Commanding Brigade. Headquarters Thirty-third Indiana, Atlanta, Georgia, September 21, 1864. Respectfully returned. L. T. MILLER, Major Thirty-third Indiana Volunteers. The letter of Lieut.-Col. James M. Henderson, which falsely stated that "all officers of the regiment, now serving with it, have expressed a desire to re-enter the service except First Lieut. Pliny McKnight, Company G," may have had an undue influence with General Thomas. This remarkable statement, in glaring contradiction of the actual facts, was not forwarded through the military channels, but sent directly to Gen. W. D. Whipple, assistant adjutant-general of the Department of the Cumberland. Doubtless if it had been forwarded through the brigade commander, Colonel Coburn, it would have met with an instant and indignant denial and rebuff to Colonel Henderson for its falsehood. No other excuse can be given for the unjust and despotic order of General Thomas to recommend the immediate dismissal of Ihe officers claiming a discharge. This, too, over the solemn and repeated statements of Colonel Coburn, commanding the brigade, and Major Miller, gallantly com- 212 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD manding the regiment, while Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson was re- posing in a hospital at Chattanooga, complaining of a loss of voice, which he regained just about the time his three years expired and at his muster out of service. Under all the circumstances, a more unjust act of despotism was never attempted by a general in the field over innocent men, who were only saved from lasting disgrace by the order of the War Department, to which Colonel Coburn appealed. Here was the fair and honorable offer of these officers to the men of the regiment to retire at the expiration of three years, to induce them to re-enlist, which they did, treated by "Pap." Thomas as a nullity. Colonel Coburn said that he was no "pap" to the Thirty- third Indiana; so said the men. Before this struggle for fair dealing was ended, Gen. W. T. Ward, the division commander, came to Colonel Coburn and stated that General Thomas would recommend him at once for promotion as a brigadier if he would withdraw his recommendation for the muster out of these officers. He rejected the offer promptly and the order for dismissal was made. E. J. THIRTY THIRD INDIANA BAND. Thanks are due to Comrades Jeff. H. Foxworthy and Charles G. Michael for the following sketches of the band: The Thirty-third Drum Corps was organized at Camp Morton. In- dianapolis, Indiana, in August, 1861, and mustered into the United States service with the regiment as follows: Drum Major- — Eeuben R. Ransom. Musicians — Alexander Hamilton and David McClellan, of Company A; James Hall and John M. Wallace, of Company B; Jacob M. Miller and Henry H. Rader, of Company C; Daniel McCarty and James Thomas, of Company D; -lames C. Hendricks and Mike Wilhite. of Company K: Willis Howe, of Company F: Charles E. Spinner a.nd Richard Boles, of Company G; J. H. Foxworthy and Phillip E. Fox- worthy, of Company H; William Miller and Harman Castell, of Com- pany I, and Eeuben E. Ransom and Orla H. Tyler, of Company K. In the spring of 1862. at Lexington, Kentucky. Mr. Ransom was relieved by Jeff. H. Foxworthy, and Alexander Hamilton was made principal fifer. John M. Wallace got disgusted shooting rebels with his drum and exchanged it for a gun and a corporal's commission. Leander Prall was promoted to musician, but subsequently found it more congenial in being regimental teamster. Seneca L. Bannister and Ed. Duffy were given the degrees of the corps. Mike Wilhite INDIANA YOi.l \Ti:i:i{ INFANTRY. 213 was discharged. This was much regretted, as it had not yet been settled as to whether he or Alexander Hamilton could hold his elbow the highest in the air while playing. They were succeeded by David M. Gray and Thomas G. Foxworthy. Tom was a good fifer, but went back to his first love and shouldered a gun. Matt. Gray was the bass drummer, and when he got so that he could stand on his head and play the "Rogue's March" with both feet in the air In- saw a corporal's commission with a musket attachment and he took them in and went to killing rebels "in the good old way." Daniel II. Sharp succeeded C. E. Spinner. Dan was a good one. Fred Newman was, later on, promoted principal musician. Phillip E. Foxworthy forsook his drum and took a musket and also a corporal's commission. He was wounded on the Atlanta campaign. After the death of William Miller and the desertion of Castell their places were filled by Henry Rothrock and Matt. B. Collins. Willis Howe and Levi L. Levering and William D. Farmer and Hiram V. Parker ably performed their parts. , Is there an old Thirty-thirder living who does not remember that on dress parades both drum corps and brass band would march down the line, the drum corps playing as they marched down and the band playing as they returned? Of course not. The boys were all good fellows, good musicians, and good soldiers. Their hearts were as big as Henry Rothrock's big "brass tuba" and their intentions as large as Matt. Gray's bass drum. The pine clad hills and the beautiful blue grass meadows of the Cumberland and Tennessee echoed and re-echoed with their sweet melodious strains. They played their part in camp, on the tiresome marches, and in the bloody battle. Their job was no "soft snap." as their toils and hardships were equal to any other soldier's. Charles G. Michael says: When I joined the regiment in October, 1862, I was ordered by Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson to get up a full band out of the drum and fife corps of the regiment. I was made leader of that part of the band, while Comrade Foxworthy, being drum major, was in command of the entire musical department of the regi- ment until we reached Franklin, Tennessee, when the drum and fife majors were mustered out of the service by order of the War Depart- ment. To be without a musical organization proved impracticable and the War Department issued another order which allowed each regi- ment two principal musicians, and thereupon George Hartzell and T were mustered in as such at Murfreesborough, Tennessee, on the 17th day of August, 1863. In the reorganization of the band we were quite successful, as it was ■considered the third best band, not only in the Twentieth Corps, but 214 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD in Sherman's army, being excelled by the Thirty-third New Jersey and Second Massachusetts, in the order named. These three bands were the only ones invited to serenade General Sherman and the corps commanders. During the Atlanta campaign General Butterfield, commanding our division, requested Capt. James M. Smith, leader of the Thirty-third New Jersey band to consolidate all the bands in his division into one to head the army when it would make its triumphal march into Atlanta, but circumstances changed the program, and the Thirty- third Indiana band was the first to play in that city — the "Light Guard Quickstep," the piece intended to be played by the consoli- dated, bands, which was at 10:30 o'clock a, m., September 3, 1864. When it came to real work in the field hospitals the demand was for the members of the Thirty-third Indiana band, for they could and would work as well as play. Hospital officers always reluctantly let us go when we were ordered to our regiment. At the battle of/Ten- nessee the band narrowly escaped capture while looking after the wounded. On the Atlanta campaign, when the regiment was engaged in battle, the band organization did heroic and effective work in taking care of the wounded, and at Eesaca Van Parker laid aside his instrument, shouldered a gun, and went into the fight. Following is the personnel of the band on the Atlanta campaign: C. G. Michael, leader; George Hartzell, assistant leader: Henry Eader, Hiram Van Parker. Frederick Newman, Jacob Miller, David McClellan, Henry Bothrock, William Rice, Matthias Collins, Levi L. Levering, Ed. Duffy, snare drummer; Decatur Warner, cymbals, and Matt Gray, bass drummer. FRAVEL MILITARY LODGE. A. F. & A. M.. U. D. At Crab Orchard, Kentucky, the Masons belonging to the Thirty- third Indiana met in the sutler's tent and resolved to petition Grand Master Fravel, of Indiana, for a Masonic dispensation, naming Charle> Day, W. M.; A. S. Griggs, S. W., and John T. Freeland, J. W. The petition was granted and an organization was the result. The new organization was permitted to use the hall and furniture of the lodge at Crab Orchard, and was visited by many of the citizens. The lodge was governed by the Indiana Grand Lodge code of laws for the government of subordinate lodges. All the meetings of the lodge were regular and could be held any place where the Master considered safe from intrusion, and its jurisdiction embraced all within the meanderings of the Thirty-third Indiana Volunteer Infantry, and IXD1 \NA vol. I vit.ki; [NFANTEY. '-15 it- powers ceased with the muster-out of the regiment. A fee was charged tor admission, but no dues were collected. One similar Lodge was authorized by the Grand Master of Indiana to members belonging to the Eighty-fifth Indiana Infantry, but the officers did not organize, and in a short time returned the dispensation. Every officer was required to lie proficieni in his work and con- ferred degrees without either printed or written assistance. During the three years' existence of the lodge there were initiated, passed and raised, seventy candidates who ranked from colonels down to privates, the latter constituting the bulk of and perhaps best ma- terial. The meetings were usually held in Masonic halls whose former oc- cupants had been scattered by the cruel fate of war. Only once did the lodge meet on a high hill (primitive style), and that was near Cumberland Gap, and then only business preparatory to conferring degrees was transacted. On two occasions — at Lexington, Kentucky, and Christiana. Ten- nessee — the lodge performed the burial ceremony, which was done at the earnest solicitation of Southern brethren. In both instances the subjects were Confederate lieutenants. At the expiration of the war, when it became necessary to surrender the dispensation and work to the Grand Lodge of the State of Indiana, it was resolved to have the minutes copied in a suitable book, which was done by Lieut. John A. Wilkens, but, unfortunately, the book was lost in transit to Indianapolis. Diligent search failed to restore the lost records and dispensation, which caused considerable trouble to the returning members. The lodge having dissolved and the Grand Secretary not being authorized to give them a certificate of membership, the members had to work their way to affiliation the best they could. Thus the Masonic work was closed, and it may be said that all the material selected and honored with a place in the great Masonic structure have not proven entirely flawless, yet after these many years of Masonic work and observation it may be safely said that the material selected and the work performed by Fravel Military Lodge, TJ. D., compares favorably with the best-regulated lodges of to-day — 1897 - CHAELES DAY. CHRISTIAN ORGANIZATION. Eev. Joseph L. Irwin was the regiment's first chaplain. He re- signed February 20. 1863. For more than a year thereafter that position was vacant, but there were many earnest christians in the regiment, such men as Joseph E. Shelton and James F. McClellan, 216 IIISTOKY OF TIIK THIKTY-THIKD of Company A; W. J. Knox, of Company C; John E. Smith and A. P. Bone, of Company D; Harry Lyon and M. C. Stephenson, of Company E; John C. McClerkin, of Company F, and others, and in April, 1863, a "Christian Band" was organized at Franklin, Tennessee, and in the ■winter of 1863 and 1864, at Christiana, Tennessee, its membership was increased, largely due to the labors of Maj. J. E. Brant, of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, who was a minister as well as a brave soldier. On the 1st day of May, 1864, Bev. John McCrea became chaplain. He joined the regiment when the campaign to Atlanta began, and, although opportunities to preach were rare, he rendered good service in the hospitals, attending to the spiritual and physical wants of the sick and wounded. At Purysburg, South Carolina, January 31, 1865, the christians conceived the idea of concentrating their forces and again formed a regimental organization, and then, with the belief that greater good ^vould result from a greater and stronger organization, a brigade asso- ciation was perfected from the four regiments of the brigade, which bore the title of "Christian Association of the Second Brigade, Third Division, Twentieth Army Corps," consisting at first of about fifty :zealous christians, and finally reaching an active membership of three hundred and twenty-one before the close of the war, a few months later. Any one who was a member of any evangelical church, or any one not a member, but pledged himself to a godly life, was qualified to become a member. At Goldsborough, North Carolina, a pulpit and seats were impro- vised which enabled members and others to have "a most interesting communion season," where many publicly declared their intentions to live upright christian lives in the future. The "creed and pledge" were broad and liberal — a platform ample enough for all religiously-inclined to stand upon. Denominational differences were lost sight of in the greater fundamental doctrines of the Gospel to which all subscribed. The association had a "board of censors," whose duty it was to look after its interests. MRS. CAROLINE COBURN. The part taken by the loyal women of the North in the War of the Rebellion has been, and always will be, a glorious theme for song and story. Their unyielding devotion to the Union cause, the sacri- fices made in bidding their loved ones a godspeed as they marched to battle, their unceasing vigils at the bedside of the sick and wounded in hospitals, and sometimes, even, their presence upon the field of battle, stamped them as one of the most important factors in the INDIANA VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 217 success of the Union cause. Their presence gave courage and hope to the earnest, unfaltering soldier and sustained him in the plodding duties of camp and the march. [hiring the war some of the wives of the officer- and soldiers of the Thirty-third Indiana would at suitable times visit their husbands in camp, and among these was Mrs. Caroline Coburn, wife of the Colonel. She visited camp quite often and soon became familiar to all in the regiment. She always gave a hearty greeting to the private soldier and was therefore a prime favorite with all of them, who at all times accorded to her the most respectful consideration. They could not help it. Ber presence always brought joy and pleasant memories. She came to the camp at Franklin immediately after the battle of Thompson Station, Tennessee, when the regiment was captured, and when, on the following day, the uncap tured portion began to realize the absence of their comrades and to give expressions to their grief over the results of the battle, she bravely went among them with pleasant greetings. She said: "Cheer up, comrades; 1 will remain here for a while and help care for the sick." If misfortune, however great or small, overcame the regiment or individual members, no one was more solicitous than she. Her frank manner, practical sense, and strong sympathies, enthroned her firmly in the affections of the men. Other lady friends visited the camp at suitable times, all of whom met the same kindly consideration, but none seemed to get so near to the hearts of the boys in the ranks as she whom all called "Mother" Coburn. LIEUTENANT BACHMAN'S AND LIEUTENANT HARBERT'S EX- PERIENCES IN FEEDING THE ARMY DURING THE ATLANTA CAMPAIGN. About the 1st of June, 1864, Lieutenant Bachman was riding at the head of the train of thirty-five six-mule teams, as quartermaster of the Second brigade, Third division. Twentieth Army Corps. The division quartermaster told him that he had a nice job for him. When asked what it was, he answered: "Building a bridge!" Lieu- tenant Bachman told him that he was no bridge builder. He then replied: "The chief quartermaster, General Le Due, ordered him to build it. and he knew that he (Bachman) could superintend the work better than he himself could." Lieutenant Bachman was well aware that the brigade would be out ■of rations the next dav and. as it had been doing heavy marching and 218 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD fighting, fully realized the importance of immediate and vigorous action. The river was a swift-running stream and a place where an island divided it, near the center, was selected for the bridge site. The build- ing of the first bridge from bank to island was allotted to Bachman and the chief quartermaster was to build the other — from the island to the opposite bank. Two companies of the Thirty-third Indiana were detailed to help build the bridge. Eight axes were secured and sixteen experienced choppers were detailed to take turns in cutting down the necessary timber. Lieutenant Bachman estimated the bridge to be about forty feet in length and had four logs cut sixty feet long. It was wonderful how the Hoosier soldier boys made the chips fly! Handspikes were cut by others and sixty men then carried the logs to the place where needed. They would pick up the pine logs with ease, march up in good order, then wade in the water nearly up to their armpits, and lay the logs so that the small end rested on the shore and the butt end on the island. Bails were driven down in the center until they passed under the logs, which kept them from going down too much for the heavily-loaded wagons. After the four logs were in place, cross-ties were needed, and a new rail fence, near by, supplied the material. Pine branches were used to smooth up the work, and then a sufficient quantity of dirt was shoveled on to com- plete the bridge. The entire structure was built in two hours! Lieutenant Bachman's bridge was built two hours before the chief quartermaster's, and the first wagon that passed over the latter's bridge broke down, so that the movement of the train was delayed two hours more, and the crossing was not accomplished till about 10 o'clock at night. After crossing, the movement was made through woods and over hills, and the teams had to stop frequently for repairs to be made to the roads by the light of lanterns. This was in the Dallas Hills. The chief quartermaster paid Lieutenant Bachman the deservedly high compliment that his teams were the best in Sherman's army. This magnificent condition of the teams, it is but justice to say, was largely due to the teamsters. The mules were kept in good order, living apparently upon one-quarter rations. Lieutenant Bachman did not understand how it could be done until he learned that his drivers foraged among other trains at night. The following morning Bachman was ordered to proceed with his train. The march was continuous till 4 o'clock in the afternoon, halting in the vicinity of Pumpkin Yine creek. What then followed is best told in the language of Bachman: i\ni an \ V0L1 NTEEB i\ F \\ TBI . 219 "The troops had crossed over on a rail bridge thai was buill on numerous rocks protruding above the surface of the creek. We crossed below it at the regular fording place, but it was so full of large rocks that Lieutenant Harbert, who was brigade commissary, found it would be difficult to drive one of our large wagons through it, even in daylight. The road was strongly picketed, and about every one hundred yards we were halted and asked why we traveled on that road, as they had orders to shoot any one riding that night, without halting. We gave them the countersign, and told them we would soon be along with some provisions for the boys, who were out of rations. This satisfied them. We were then directed to General Hovey's tent. Eovey told us that the order was that trains should not cross Pumpkin Vine creek that day. It was then between 10 and 11 o'clock p. in., and 1 told him that I wanted to pass through his division about 1 o'clock that night, which would not be violating the order. He said he had no objections, as we were trying to feed some hungry Hoosiers. "1 then ordered my best wagon master to get the drivers of five wagons that were loaded with the proper provisions to prepare for the night's march; also six extra men with axes, shovels, and ropes that might be needed. We had been on the go two days and one night, and this was our second night. At midnight we started, well equipped with lanterns. We found that, to get the wagons on the rail bridge, we would have to let them down an embankment about ten feet, and, as the bank was too steep, it had to be shoveled off to an incline. It took all the drivers and helpers to let one of these wagons down with ropes, and after one was down I rode across with my old gray, as no team of mine would refuse to follow him, and we landed safely on the other side in sand, in which the wheels sank half way to the hubs. It was a pretty sight to see those mules get down to work and draw the wagon through the sand a distance of perhaps a hundred feet. All the teams were gotten over safely and then we commenced climbing the first hill, which was steep and slippery. On descending the hill both hind wheels of the wagon were locked, and the fourth wagon slipped off the road, but lodged against a tree, which kept it from up- se1 ting. Hopes were fastened to the side to keep it from turning over and twelve mules were hitched to the rear end of it, when it was drawn up into the road and run down the hill by hand. The rear wagon was run against a log at the bottom of the hill in such a position that the log had to be cut in two before the wagon could be extricated. We finally reached the vicinity of the brigade, and Lieutenant Harbert went to headquarters to get a detail of men to carry the rations. In 220 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD the meantime we prepared breakfast for those who came after the rations. This done, I observed General Sherman coming — I supposed to order me placed under arrest for bringing the teams so near the line of battle. We formed a good line, saluted him, which he re- turned, and walked on down to the spring and took out a cup, towel, and tooth brush, and was soon brushing his teeth, took a good wash and then returned. "Lieutenant Harbert and the men soon arrived, and how they did enjoy that breakfast! Hot coffee goes to the right spot on such occasions, and we felt repaid for all the hardships we had gone through during the past two days and nights without sleep. '"The other two brigades of our division had been out of provisions two days, but our boys were generous and helped them out." DUG HIS OWN GRAVE— A COMMENDABLE COMPACT. In November, 1861, during the retreat from London, Kentucky, to Crab Orchard, a number of sick men were left at Mt. Vernon, and a number were assigned to the home of Judge Kirtley, who lived in the town. The Judge was an uncompromising Union man. He and his wife, son. and two daughters were as hospitable a family as ever lived, and the sick boys found it an oasis sure enough. The sick com- rades were John M. Estis, William Logan, and John W. Myrick, of Company F, and Nathaniel Fisher, of Company C. Corporal W. J. Knox, of Company C, was detailed, by Surgeon Bence, to remain and nurse them. Logan constantly grew worse. Estis and the others were soon convalescing. About the tenth day there came to the hos- pital a soldier from Crab Orchard by the name of David P. Eobb, of Company F, who was a messmate of the sick boys of that com- pany. The boys were rejoiced at seeing their comrade and asked him to stay with them a few days. Private Eobb had been sick at Crab Orchard and was still weak on that account, and Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson advised him to wait until he got stronger, but he would not, in the belief that his presence would cheer the men. Henderson let him ride his horse under promise that he would return to the regi- ment the next day. On the day of his arrival Eobb requested Knox, the nurse, to take Henderson's horse back and tell him that he (Eobb) would remain and care for his sick comrades. The exchange was made, and Eobb, in his convalescent condition, took Knox's place. In less than a. week Eobb had a relapse and was pronounced dangerously sick by the citizen doctor. About this time John Hardwick, of Com- pany C, was trying to get his sick comrade, Martin Brady, to the regi- ment. They could go no farther and were both domiciled at the Kirtley mansion. Hardwick relieving Estis, who was then the nurse. Fisher IMHANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 221 and Myrick had by this time been taken to Crab Orchard. The third day after Eardwick's arrival, Robb died and Estis went to the ceme- tery and dug his grave. At the momenl they were ready to lower Robb'- body into the grave a detail arrived from Crab Orchard and stopped the burial. The body was transferred to a beautiful metallic coffin and shipped to Princeton, Indiana, his former home. Estis, having overtaxed his strength while nursing, took sick and died and was buried in the grave he had dug for his comrade (Robb). So he dug his own grave. Logan also died and was buried by the side of Estis. Hardwick learned that his father and Judge Kirtley had been schoolmates, and while there was royally treated. When bidding the family farewell he felt like leaving home. The bodies of Estis and Logan were taken to Princeton and buried with friends. When Com- pany F was organized, the members entered into a compact to send their fallen comrades home, and this was done whenever possible — a most commendable thing to do. W. J. K. BOB COOKSTON AND Till-] BATH. Company D started from Indianapolis with a full company. When it arrived at Louisville, Kentucky, one of the number. Bob Cookston, deserted. When Camp Dick Robinson was reached, a new recruit ap- peared and was mustered in, making the company full again. Then Cookston returned and, of course, could not be taken. After consul- tation with the officers, it was decided to take him down to the creek (he being very dirty), wash him, and turn him over to Captain Hendricks, of Company E. Captain McCrea sent for the regimental band, and after getting a good supply of soap marched him under guard— the company following— to the tune of the "Rogue's March/' very solemnly, to the creek, halted on the bank, and detailed eight men, with two reliefs, with orders to strip him and thoroughly cleanse him. 'He was then marched to Company E, and in due form turned over to Captain Hendricks. He afterward made a tolerably good soldier. *'' c '^ ■ KEYES FLETCHER'S DISAPPOINTMENT. The war was growing to gigantic proportions (from the commence- ment) at such a rapid rate that it almost shocked the minds of those at the Nation's helm, and it was no wonder that the multitude of subordinates, who had been merged so recently from civil into military life, should be unable to grasp every detail with the knowledge, firm- ness, and accuracy necessary to make the new machinery run without friction. This condition of things affected all the volunteer regiments alike. There were many things to learn. For instance, Keyes Fletcher was carried on the rolls as ordnance sergeant until the first 222 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD pay-day at Crab Orchard, in 1861, when the "Army Regulations" provided for no such officer. He knew no better, but he learned something when they paid him $13 per month instead of $17! To be shorn of $4 pay, of his sergeant's stripes and the honor attached. was a great loss, but with becoming dignity he continued to receive and issue vast amounts of ordnance stores until properly relieved. Keyes' experience was brief, but it proved that an intelligent private soldier could assume great responsibilities the same as a commissioned officer and, too, without executing a bond. ECCENTRIC JOHN CLIFFORD. Probably John Clifford, of Company C, was the oddest character in the regiment. At the battle of Wild Cat, Zollicoffers men were cutting timber on our right preparatory to flanking us, when Colonel Coburn called for two companies to check him at once. Companies C and H responded and double-quicked to the ridge on the right, and hurriedly formed rude breastworks about one-fourth of a mile above where the enemy was attempting to ascend. Soon afterward orders were issued to fire ten rounds in the direction of the chopping. It was here the amusing incident occurred with John Clifford as the hero. During the firing John was noticed to be inserting the ball in the gun ahead of the powder, and upon being remonstrated with, replied: "What the divil's the difference if you put mate or the potaty' in your stomach first so they both get there. I put the ball down and the powther immediately afther." Sergeant Thomas set him straight by drawing the powder and ball from his gun and gave him proper instructions. After the firing ceased, John's gun was found to be half full, and Lieutenant Cox took him to the rear and picked fine powder in the tube and told him to fire it off, when the discharge kicked poor John over backward. The lieutenant picked up the gun, while John exclaimed: "Liftenant, don't tech it; there's more loads in it yit." While building fortifications at Cumberland Gap, Pat Halloren, an- other Irishman, but with better judgment, of the same company, was at one time engaged in chopping down a tree that contained a nest of yellow jackets. He got away as quickly as possible, whereupon he was denounced as a coward by Clifford. He wasn't afraid of the "little craters," and in an instant he was covered with them. He yelled "An' do yez see that now?'* which was his favorite expression. He was too stupid to call for help, but the boys went to his rescue. At one time a tree was falling in his direction and he refused to move. His companions stood breathless with fear of his instant death. With a swish the tree enveloped him. To the surprise of all INDIANA VOLTJNTEEB INF.WTUV. 223 he was unharmed, and from amid the branches of the tree came the faun Ma i- sound, "An? do yez see that now ?" On another occasion it was his duty to assist in [lulling lug- down the side of the mountain, with which the (iorts were built. Inci- dental. to the work there was great danger of accidents, and the inmost care had to be taken. Clifford was in front pulling, and the log be- gan to turn, when he was warned. Uttering "An' do yez see that now?" he started forward, caught (he toe of his shoe under a protrud- ing root and was precipitated some twenty feet below, against; a stump, not squarely, but enough to render him insensible and to mangle his face beyond recognition, and to make him a subject of solicitude for several succeeding weeks. At the battle of Thompson Station, instead of firing direct at the enemy he had a practice of firing in the air. When remonstrated with, he replied: '"Be jabers, captain, I'll warrant it will do execution when it drops." He always carried the largest and heaviest knapsack of any man in the regiment. Once, while on one of the marches in Kent iicky, he fell heavily on his face. He could not raise up without the aid of his comrades because of the weight of his knapsack. As he was raised up, with face bleeding and bruised, his first exclamation was, "An' do yez see that now ?" His mental endowment was not rich, yet he served his country the best he knew how. He never shirked duty of any kind, and was, at last, wounded during the campaign to Atlanta, and at the end of the war was discharged as an honorable soldier. There were many worse soldiers than eccentric John Clifford. He was committed to a hospital for insane at Washington. D. C. some time after the war, where his death occurred in 1870. HOW CAPT. JOHN T. FREELAND WAS MORTIFIED. At Lexington, Kentucky, on the occasion of the presentation of a flag to the regiment by the loyal ladies of that city, the boys did their best, to make a presentable appearance, and they succeeded. Their clothes were clean and shoes well blacked, and their gun- and accouter- ments received an extra touch. In executing some regimental move- ment it was necessary to march by platoon. Company B, commanded by ('apt. John T. Freeland, was on the left of the regiment. The Captain was a noble fellow, but somehow, at times, he would forget the command. As the regiment drew near the place of ceremonies, at a certain point the platoons were to wheel, and the captain forgot to give the command. The next instant his men were seen jumping a 224: HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD fence that confronted them. He was stricken with consternation and railed his men to "Whoa! whoa!" By this time the rest of the regi- ment had passed up the street. It was mirth-provoking to every one but the captain. W. H. H. TRIBUTE TO HARRISON MATTHEWS. Company C lost from its ranks Harrison Matthews, who was known by the name of "Odum." Exposure to inclement weather brought on a sinking chill. He was one of Nature's noblemen, and died without a murmur. Everybody loved him, and the following tribute to his memory by his comrade and friend, George D. Orner, is in all respects appropriate: "When we followed him to his last resting place we bade adieu to one who was the friend of every man in the Thirty- third. As a rule, it was not so difficult to part with comrades. We knew we were all liable to go at any time, and looked upon it as a matter of course, but when he fell out of ranks it seemed as though the gap he left was never filled. His soul was as white as an angel's, and he wore a window in his breast, that the world could read his heart. The Thirty-third had many good men in its ranks, but •Odum' Matthews' entire make-up contained less dross than any man I ever knew." ADJUTANT DURHAM AS A SCOUT. On one occasion a scouting party from the Thirty-third Indiana was sent in the direction of Cumberland Gap. It was made up of volun- teers, with Adjutant Durham in command. The movement was made after dark, and the utmost silence was enjoined lest the wary enemy would observe them. After stealthily groping along about four miles, Durham, who had been in advance, returned and an- nounced that he knew the enemy was approaching, as he could easily hear them. After a short parley, it was deemed best to fall back and lay in ambush for them. There was really not a dissenting voice in all the twenty-five scouts. In the meantime Durham proposed to return again to the front and watch developments. The scouts, how- ever, continued to fall back, and so successful were they in executing the movement that they soon found themselves again in camp, where they concluded to remain until they heard from Durham. He did not return till morning and gave out the story that he was in the cam]i of the enemy the most of the night (?). G. D. 0. CORPORAL W. J. KNOX'S FIRST CAPTURE. In the summer of 1862 I was at home on sick furlough. My regi- ment, the Thirty-third Indiana, was with General Morgan at Cumber- land Gap, and in August I made an effort to join it. About this JAMES N. HILL, 1st. Lieut. Co. E., CARP, OWEN COUNTY, INDIANA. in in w \ \ OLl n rii i: in i \nti;^ . 225 time Genera] Bragg's arnrj commenced its ijaid mum Kentucky. With seven other soldiers of the regiment, I was placed under command of a scout. In addition to these soldiers there were eighteen citizens, all claiming that they were Union nun. Under the leadership of this scout we started to the Gap with one hundred horses. Besides the saddle-horse each man led three others. Nothing unusual transpired until we reached London, Kentucky. All sorts of rumors were in cir- culation about Bragg's army being in front. The warning was suf- ficient to cause us to use the utmost discretion, but our captain, the scout, thought we could easilj escape if real danger of capture pre- sented itself. We had no guns, and lie told us that if we were attacked we could rim. A.s wf were about to enter London, the attack of the enemy was being made in force. The garrison being composed of only forty Union soldiers, whose duty it was to guard some commissary stores and care for some sick soldiers, was easily overwhelmed. W'lun the captain heard the firing, he halted us and rode along the line and told the men to keep cool and hold on to the horses, and gave the command, "Counter march by file left." In good order we started back on a lively trot, but were soon met by a force of mounted rebels who commenced firing into our ranks. The captain then gave the command, "Boys, save yourselves the best you can." The hired men jumped from their horses and took to the woods. I knew there were but two roads in London, w T hich crossed at right angles in the center of the town, and I thought by making a dash through the town I might be able to escape. W. L. Taylor, a recruit, was with me. He was afterward killed at Thompson Station, Tennessee. He aban- doned his extra horses as they had become unmanageable. Mine were easily managed and I had no difficulty in holding them. Everything became confusion and the horses that were no longer held were rear- ing and plunging about. This increased the confusion and excitement. We hastily entered London and to our dismay the town was full of rebels. We jumped from our horses and attempted to join the few Union soldiers who were then hotly engaged in holding their position at the top of the hill to our left on the former camping ground of the Thirty-third. We started on a run. The overwhelming force of the enemy made the attempt too hazardous, and in returning to the seminary we faced another force of the enemy who at once opened fire upon us. I have been in many battles, but this was the hottest fire I was ever under. Fifty men took aim at us. I was shot but once and that was in the right hip. Taylor received a slight wound in the shoulder. We gained the seminary and I at once got into a corner of a room. At this time the fire was centered on the building, (15) v\m; history of the thirty-third but soon ceased and a body of Texans entered. They were a savage- looking lot, each of whom wore hair reaching to the shoulders, and all of them carried a double-barreled carbine at a ready. When they were entering the building, a soldier at my side started to run out. He was commanded to halt, and bang went a carbine. The ball missed me about a foot and nearly covered me with broken plaster. As they approached, I raised my right arm and said, "I surrender, and a>k to be treated as a prisoner of war." Just then a fine-looking soldier approached me and said, "All right; you shall not be hurt," and on seeing the blood trickling down my leg from the wound re- ceived, said, "You had a narrow escape." Immediately a drunken Texan approached me, and placing bis carbine to my breast, said, "D — n you, I will blow you through." The man to whom I surrendered threw up the muzzle of the gun just in time to save my life, and said, "Don't shoot a soldier after he sur- renders." The Texan was thirsting for blood and went upstairs to a room containing the sick. A sick East Tennessee soldier saw him and threw up both hands, but the infuriated Texan fired two shots into his neck, killing him almost instantly. To show my appreciation of the soldier's kindness in saving my life, I desired that he secure the horse I had been riding, but some one had previously taken it. However, he appreciated my good intentions. The rebels had ransacked the officers' tents and found a considerable quantity of canned fruits. They said to me, "Yank, help yourself. If you have this kind of fare, you live better than we do." Sometime in the afternoon the drunken Texan said he was going to make us a speech. He had about a pint of whisky, and commenced by saying. "This war lias been going on more than a year. You said that when you uns began to fight we uns that it was only a breakfast spell." Then, giving a sweeping flourish with his bottle of whisky, he yelled out, "G — d d — n you, ain't you getting a little hungry for your breakfast ?" At this the whisky began to spill, when one of the Union soldiers who wanted to be kind to him, said. "Pard, you are losing all your whisky." This irritated him, and he said. "If I had my way I would kill every one of you." This was the advance of Kirby Smith's army, some 30,000 strong, that, raided the Blue Grass region of Kentucky that year. We were paroled the same day and allowed to go home. Our parole read: I\DI\\\ VOLUNTEER INFANTRY. 227 Headquarters Second Cavalry Brigade, C. S. A.. London, Kentucky, Augusl 17. L862. This is to certify thai Corporal W. J. Kmox and Private \V. L. Taylor were captured by the forces under my command this morning and are paroled to go to Morgan county, Indiana. By order of J. S. Scott, colonel commanding Second Cavalry brigade, C. s. A. \Y. ROBINSON, A. A. A. Gen. They destroyed a large train of wagons loaded with supplies for the army at the Gap, and also a building which was full of hardtack and hacon, but before destroying the latter we were allowed to take all the supplies that we needed. Some of the officers told us that they were going over to Indiana to recruit their army, as they had been promised 50.000 by sym- pathizers. The hired citizens, referred to, all turned rebel and enlisted; the captain managed to escape; and we found our way to Camp Chase, Ohio, after a somewhat exciting march across the State of Kentucky. THE INTELLIGENT COLORE!* BROTHER. < >ne of the most difficult things the boys met with in the South was to get an intelligent answer when they inquired as to the dis- tance to any given point. The answers were never satisfactorily given. On the march in retreat from Cumberland Gap to the Ohio river a negro by the roadside was accosted by Private Jesse Blana, thusly: "Say, Sam, how far is it to the first town?" "I dun know, sah." "How far is it to the next river?" "I dun know, sah." "Then." said Blana, "what do you know?" Sam's reply was; "Massa, l'-e a poor, unsensible kind of a nigger." At another place, where the troops camped and were burning rails, Private Bent Tackitt said to a darkey, who was looking on with won- der. "Say, Sambo, what kind of laws have you down here? In our country if men were to burn rails as we do here they would be arrested and fined." The negro's reply was: "God bress your soul, law's 'fraid in dis country." W. J. K. VERDANT TK X X ESSE EA NS. Bill Bay, of Company C. was the most accomplished Munchausen in the regiment. There was nothing malicious in his prevarications. It was real amusement to him, and in all such matters Tom Scott, of same company, was his able and worthy coadjutor. While at Cum- berland Gap, Bay was telling a group of Tennessee soldiers of the wonderful performances of nature in Indiana. Said he, among other things. "Up in Indiana the corn grows already shelled — without a cob. When gathering it, all the farmer has to do is to pour it out 228 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD of the husk the same as if pouring it from a tin cup." If, perchance, there was a dissenting voice, Kay would at once turn to Scott with, "Aint that so, Tom?" and he, with the solemnity of a deacon, would profoundly respond, "It is, by gosh." When a yarn was clinched in this manner, Ray would reel off another, to the greal delight of i who knew this curious pair the best. MISFORTUNE OF PRIVATE JAMES E. TONER. It was the misfortune of Comrade Toner, of Company D, to be taken sick after leaving Cumberland Gap. He made every possible effort to keep with the advancing army, but failed. A straggling comrade found him after the army had passed and kindly helped him along, hoping to keep him out of the way of the enemy. They met an ox-cart, driven by a citizen hastily rearward. The team was im- pressed into the service at the point of the bayonet, and Toner and his comrade got into it and hastened on as fast as the oxen could go. They were getting along very well until they came to where the road followed the bank of Goose creek. It was a very dry time, the day was hot, the road was dusty, and the thirsty cattle, with drooping heads and lolling tongues, no sooner saw or smelled the water than they plunged over the bank and into the stream, upsetting the cart into the water and catching Toner under it. While the cattle slaked their thirst the soldier managed to drag the cart and Toner out on the bank. On looking back he could see the dust made by the ap- proaching rebel cavalry. Abandoning the cart, he took Toner on his shoulder and hastened on, but the enemy was rapidly closing in on them. They succeeded in reaching the yard of a pretentious residence for that locality and lay down, giving up to capture as inevitable. They were discovered by a negro who notified his mistress, a kind- hearted and benevolent lady, who came to them and extended the hospitalities of her home. Mr. Toner objected, saying the rebels would be sure to find them and she might suffer for her kindness. She insisted upon his taking a bed and room till he got well, which was most gratefully accepted. About this time the enemy had reached the house and Toner's comrade slipped out the backway, took to the mountains, and that night reached the regiment. Toner was critically questioned by Gen. John Morgan as to the strength, etc., of the Union army, but he gave them no advantage, making everything as favorable as possible. He was paroled and permitted to remain until he got well. Anxious to get home at the end of six weeks, he bade his kind lady friend good-bye, and, after many thrilling incidents and experiences with the mountain bushwhackers and demoralized INDIAN \ VOLUNTEEE l\ F Wl R"5 229 soldiers of Eurby Smith's army, reached the i'nion lines and was sent home to recuperate. BUMBLE-BEES VS. THE THIRTY-THIRD. On returning to camp after an expedition to Tazewell, Tennessee, in 1862, the wagons contained some sheaf oats, and behind, in good order, marched the regiment. Suddenly the mounted officers' horses began to caper around, to the amusement of the boys, but soon the joke was turned upon them. They, too, began to scatter. Some fell down, some ran, some dropped their guns, and some slapped their hats right and left. The Thirty-third was completely demoralized. A rebel regiment in full charge would not have created half the con- fusion. We had loaded up a nest of bumble-bees, and they were foraging on the boys. This was the worst rout the Thirty-third had sustained up to that time. BOB McCONNELL AND THE PIG. During the march from Cumberland Gap, Bob McConnell, of Com- pany F, heard a pig grunt near camp one night and he determined on securing it. He finally located the animal, but it was so emaciated and gaunt from hunger that Bob's sympathies were touched, and he did not have the courage to confiscate it. Such a self-sacrifice was rare in the army. The hog was an elm-peeler, so common then in the mountains of Eastern Kentucky. LIEUTENANT-COLONEL HENDERSON'S CHICKENS. During the first day's march out of Covington, Kentucky, Lieuten- ant-Colonel Henderson's servant secured some chickens. When the regiment had gone into camp for the night, the servant and chickens were watched while the latter was in process of preparation for the next day. When the cook was seen to go into the tent after salt and pepper for seasoning purposes, two of the boys hastily removed the chickens and substituted an old pair of shoes. The sequel is under- stood. The two men, with a few trusted friends, enjoyed chicken the next day while Lieutenant-Colonel Henderson and mess returned to hardtack and bacon. BLUE AND GRAY. At the close of the day's march that brought the troops in the vicin- ity of Louisville, Kentucky, while on their way to Tennessee, in 1863, some half dozen attaches of brigade headquarters pitched their tents opposite a female seminary, situated on the eastern outskirts of the city. No water for culinary purposes could be obtained except from the well on the grounds about the institution. The first visit to the 230 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD well by one of our boys brought him in contact with some of the fair pupils. From that moment there was a demand for water from that particular well, and the girls availed themselves of every oppor- tunity to be present. For the enforcement of good discipline an order had been previously issued forbidding the pupils talking to men; hence the professor reproved the ladies and informed the soldiers of the existence of such rules. This turn of affairs was disappointing all around. However, the following day the boys received a note from the professor politely requesting their presence at dinner that day, and conveying his thanks for the delightful serenade that he had been favored with the previous night. The boys had serenaded no one and could not comprehend the real reason of the invitation, but wisely determined to share with the ladies in what promised to be a repast above the ordinary. The menu was prepared in rare good style. The boys were the guests of a score of Confederate ladies, and the best of feeling prevailed throughout. The girls had tricked the professor into the belief that the boys had serenaded him. Thus the "blue and gray" were brought together and a most delightful reunion was the result. THE AMERICAN ARMY MUST BE FED. John B. Dowd, sergeant-major of the Eighty-fifth Indiana, was one of those enthusiastic patriots that firmly believed that no Union soldier should go hungry if at any time there was access to the meat- houses of the enemy, when, on the evening before the battle of Thompson Station, Tennessee, the headquarters cook told him that they were out of meat, he acted upon that principle. Dowd and a squad of volunteers soon found a smoke-house full of meat. The key was demanded, but the owner refused to produce it, whereupon Dowd looked him squarely and sternly in the eye and said: "Sir, the American army must be fed!" A supply of ham was the result. THE NOISIEST MAN IN THE ARMY. Somehow the Thirty-third Indiana got the reputation of being the noisiest regiment in the army, and it is not the purpose of the writer to deny the allegation, but every one will cheerfully admit that Company II was the noisiest company in the regiment, and that Loge Farr was the noisiest man in that company and must, therefore, certainly have been the noisiest man in the army. STRANGE. BUT TRUE! While passing through Shelby ville, Kentucky. January 28, 1863, on the march to Louisville, Harry Lyon, of Company E, visited a rebel cousin, who lived near by. When they separated, his cousin reminded INDIANA VOLUNTEEB LNFANTRY. 231 him that she had a lover in the rebel army and requested that if we captured him we should treal him well, and gave his name, etc. The romance appears in what followed. June 4, 1863, at Franklin. Ten- nessee, when Forrest made his futile assault upon the Union forces, and when the clash of arms came, Colonel Mundy's Union cava In and the Second Kentucky rebel cavalry, it so happened thai the rebel Lover was captured, and ii was his good fortune to be subsequently identified by Harry, who gave him his supper and breakfasi from the best that his haversack contained. H. L. COURTSHIP OF J. H . While Company G was stationed at Tracy City, Tennessee, in the summer of 1863, J. H got into the habit of courting or visiting a couple of girls about two miles from camp. Being often cautioned and reproved by the lieutenant and others of the danger of being captured made no difference to him. He still continued, as he had a good time all by himself. As persuasion seemed to be of no avail. quite a number of the company one night dressed in rebel uniforms and went and surrounded the house, but Jim raised one of the puncheons of the floor and under he went, the girls the while protesting that no Yankee had been there; they were not harboring Yankees, etc. Ai last our boys, having torches in true rebel style, espied his brass but- tons through a crack in the floor. Out through the floor Jim came, and the rebels told him he had but a few moments to live. The girls cried, and plead, and begged them to spare his life. He did all he could himself, telling how many Yanks were in camp, and where the guards were stationed, and where the headquarters of the lieutenant were, but all of no avail. He was taken off a short distance to a large oak tree and pawned his honor that he would stand without being tied until they would mark off ten steps to shoot him. He didn't wait. He ran like a horse through the brush and woods, while the supposed rebels were firing and yelling about the d — d Yankee. He came into camp about daylight the next morning, saying that the country was full of rebels: that they had him and he got away. He was court- martialed and tied to a stake for three days in the hot sun. He vet- eranized and served throughout the war. G. W. O. LIEUTENANT McKNIGHT AND THE APPLEJACK. While Company G was doing garrison duty at Tracy City, Tennes- see, it was under the command of Lieut. Pliny McKnight. Fre- quently an officer would visit them and have company inspection, to see that every man was properly equipped. On one of these occasions the lieutenant made an extra effort not only to have the men and camp look neat, but desired to extend the necessary hospitalities in 232 EISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD fitting style, and had supplied himself with a canteen of applejack. All was qui vive when the train hove in sight, when A. H. exchanged a canteen of buttermilk for the applejack. With a hearty salute and shake of the hand the lieutenant greeted the inspecting officer, stat- ing that he "had a little of the best applejack they made in good old Tennessee." He then passed it to the inspector, who, on tasting it, indignantly returned the canteen with the remark that "he didn't drink buttermilk." Of course, imprecations, disappointments, and apologies followed, but it was of no avail, as no one knew anything about it. G. W. 0. "BABE" CUNNINGHAM'S FOX. While at Cowan, Tennessee, Company C held high carnival over a fox dinner. Jones Cunningham (who by virtue of his youthful appear- ance and general good nature, and the other fact that he measured more than six feet in height and weighed over two hundred pounds, was called "Babe") had slain a fox that was intruding on the picket- line, and brought it to camp, where it was dressed, cooked, and served in excellent camp style, with a positive agreement that all who par- took of its flesh should before their next meal report to company head- quarters with an original song, joke, or some kind of a "catch." A close watch was kept to see that no one violated his pledge, and much amusement and hilarity was had over the bones of poor Eaymond before all the boys were released from their pledges. C. D. EXCHANGE OF COURTESIES. Although relentlessly fighting each other for days during the At- lanta campaign, there was at times a lull in the picket firing, and the opposing pickets would get into conversation. One of our boys asked a rebel picket what kind of a gun he was shooting. He replied, "En- field rifle." "Where did you get it?" "At Chickamauga," was the answer. Johnny then asked the Yank, "What kind of a gun are you using?" He replied, "Mississippi rifle." Where did you get it?" asked Johnny. "At Resaca," was the answer. TRYING CONCLUSIONS WITH A DOG. During the Atlanta campaign a number of the Thirty-third Indi- ana were at a farmhouse where they had located some potatoes and chickens. While helping themselves, the woman of the place was vainly protesting against such liberties, and emphasized her remarks by turning loose a bulldog of enormous size. All but one of the boys had supplied themselves by this time and were roosting out of danger on the top of a rail fence. A soldier who was lurking in the rear at a well, getting a drink, was attacked by the dog. Quick as a flash the comrade made a circuit of the well and the dog after him. The dog INDIANA VOL I \ITKU TNFANTRY. 233 seemed to be as largo as a yearling heifer and more agile. The race was nip and tuck. The hoys were afraid to shoot, fearing they might hit their comrade instead of the dog, but, finally, he, the comrade, who belonged to Company H — concluded that to win he must try oilier, conclusions, and with almost superhuman efforts he took hold of the dog and tossed him into the well. The woman begged piteously to have the dog rescued, but the last the boys saw of him he was still swimming around. G. W. 0. A CLOSE CALL. Small details of men frequently went out foraging while the army was near Atlanta, and Harry Lyons, of Company E, and five others went out on such an expedition. While engaged in digging some sweet potatoes they were notified by a negro that they were about to be sur- rounded by some bushwhackers. Harry, having confidence in the story, tried to get the boys away. They would not stir. He left them and on reaching the road met one of the rebels with a large square and compass on his coat collar. He immediately gave the Masonic grand hailing sign and was permitted to escape. He reported the matter in cam]) to a cavalry company. A detachment went to the place and found the five remaining comrades, who had been killed and dragged to the road, with bayonets driven through their breasts. H. L. HARRY LYON AND THE SHARPSHOOTER. While the pontoniers were engaged in laying pontoons from Hutch- inson's Island to the South Carolina shore in a storm of wind and snow and under fire of the enemy's sharpshooters, the Thirty-third Indiana was stationed near by as a support. Harry Lyons, of Com- pany E, was anxious to know where the bullets came from and climbed a tree for that purpose. He had no sooner gained the top of the tree when he became a target for the sharpshooters and made great haste to descend. His comrades wanted to know the cause of his hurry, and he replied that the "Johnnies were making it too hot for him." He thought the conversation was conducted in a low tone of voice. Now, then, the sequel: A quarter of a century afterward, while Lyons was in Southwestern Missouri he was relating the circumstances and he had hardly begun when one of the listeners checked him and related the story himself, repeating every word of the conversation alluded to. The listener was one of the sharpshooters on the South Carolina shore. Strange, but true. H. L. BLOOM MITCHELL AND THE HOG. Sherman's army had just crossed Savannah river into South Caro- lina and had not yet begun the famous march across the latter State. 23-4 1 1 1 STORY OF THE THIETY-THIED nor experienced the pangs of hunger. Army rations were plentiful and the boys had regained somewhat their aesthetic propensities- — that is to say, they were satisfied with only the choice parts of an animal, as the following illustrates: Bloom Mitchell, of the Thirty- third Indiana, was not what you would call a "born soldier," but as a •'bummer" he was unrivaled. He displayed rare tact and skill and energy along the lines of that particular calling. He could get over more ground, smell a smokehouse farther, more skillfully and suc- cessfully make reprisals than the majority of his colleagues, and was always cheerful. As already said, the troops were not experiencing hunger when Bloom came into camp one evening with two fresh hams, the choice parts of a hog. When asked why he did not bring in the whole hog, he replied: "The animal was just entering a swamp and all I could reach was the hind quarters." But after that there were many occasions when any part of a hog was good enough and actually neces- sary to alleviate hunger, and he rarely failed to bag his game. LEVI L. LEVERING AND THE STUMP-HOLE. Of course you will remember that what we boys called "stump- holes" was nothing more or less than the hole left in the clay out of which had been burnt the rich, pitchy stump and roots of an ancient pine, and which will remain an open hole of uncertain depth, but limited mouth for years after. Now, in our oak, beach, or other forest but pine, such a hole would soon fill up with leaves drifted into it by the wind. Not so with pine, for pine leaves or needles stay where they fall and are capable of forming a network bridge over its mouth, completely concealing its existence, as many a soldier can testify, who suddenly found himself in the shape of a letter T, with the bottom of the stem about three feet below the general surface level, and ap- parently only one-half the man he was a moment before. In wet weather, in low places, they fill up with water. In the present in- stance, and as quoted by my diary, March 18, 1865, near midnight, we were struggling our way through one of those North Carolina "tar- orchaxds" (a dense, primitive forest), tired, hungry and anxious to hear the familiar and welcome shouts and yells which the head of the column always raised when going into camp. Our improvised road through this "tar-orchard" was lighted by numerous of its individual trees being in full blaze from their roots up to from twenty to sixty feet high, and there were everywhere to be seen weird, mysterious shadows and compound shadows of inky blackness. At last we heard the long-expected shouts faintly in front. "There it is." came from the mouths of half a dozen of us simultaneously, and we forgot to feel hungry and tired then and there, and our knapsacks had reduced INDIANA VOLUNTEEB [NFANTEY. 235 to a featherweight, and I even forgot for a time that I was carrying the "biggest" German-silver bass horn in our corps. Nearer and nearer came the outbursts of shouts and yells, as we now by mutual impulse tripped lightly and briskly forward, and com- ing at .just about such intervals as the head of each regiment would reach camp at t lie rate at which we were marching. At last from aboui two hundred yards ahead came another outburst, and we could now descry the black images of a row of heads with hats waving over them, and divers other fantastic gesticulations in front of an ample background of the lire on the right-hand roadside (my side). Now, we speculated among ourselves that there was the head of only one more regiment remaining between us and them, consequently one more outburst — the next would be ours; but it came not, yet we were now within fifty yards of the place with its row of heads, when we were ordered to halt (another good sign of going into camp ahead), and simultaneous with the command "Forward !" again there came a deaf- ening outburst of yells and laughter. We scanned both sides of the road and to the front but failed to recognize any of the sights and scenes usually present at going into camp, so we began to speculate as to what else might be the cause of such spasmodic, oft-repeated hilarity. Some one suggested that it was over a speech some "contra- band" had been induced by the boys to make (a thing quite common then), but we were now there, but none of us could see the "nigger" nor anybody else making the speech, for all were as silent as when the chaplain is about to announce the number of the hymn, and all we saw as we were about to march past was a huge log lying parallel with the road and a row of soldiers sitting on it, with a bright fire burning at a short distance behind the log, and the log and the sol- diers together casting one of those heretofore described "mysterious, compound, weird, inky shadows" more than half way across the road. and on the left-hand part of the road (the illuminated side) a few small, insignificant puddles of water. What could have been the causi of the recent hilarity? (now subsided into almost solemn silence) thought I, and I suppose all the rest. Just then with my right foot I stepped into a pool of quite shallow water, not much over the shoe- sole deep, but it kept on sliding forward, and in an instant I brought my left to the front just in time for them to go straight to the bottom together, for my right foot had in the meantime slid over the rounded and worn margin of that hole and was in readiness to accompany its mate from there onward perpen- dicularly to the bottom, which I found to be of about the average distance from the surface, say about three and one-half feet. There 236 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD was water in it before I took possession, but there was not much in it while I stayed there, but it soon began to come back again on top of my head, that being its shortest route back. I did not stay there very long, yet long enough to hear a voice from the same source an- swering, "Twenty-one." The enthusiasm just then prevailing on that log beggars description. The log was not of unusual length, nor more than full as they could sit, but such an amount of enthusiasm I had never before noticed coming from any log of its length, and in my own enthusiasm over having discovered what had caused it here- tofore I quite forgot to join in with that on the log until I was too far away, but being rather inclined to regard theirs as being of a vulgar order anyhow, so I did not suffer this neglect on my part to worry me. About fifteen minutes' more marching found us in camp, and in an incredibly short time I had wrapped myself around a quart of hot coffee and a few cakes of "Knickerbocker-razor-temper hardtack," and wrapped and tucked in my blanket and oil cloth, lay prone against the side of a log for the rest of the night. Then I summarized thus: Levering! knapsack! haversack! horn! These suddenly formed into a plug and driven into a stump-hole full of water, projecting a column of it vertically into space with a force equaled only by one of the great geysers of the National Park, and then receiving its down-pour on its silver-mounted top; and when I further summarized that the events at the log had been and still were repeating themselves at the same rate of activity as up to the time their number had reached twenty-one, their number might now have reached thirty-one, then my enthusiasm suddenly became tainted with that of the log, and inclines that way still, but now put yourself in my place, and I think you will agree with me when I say that had I been permitted to choose my part in it I would have had much more fun out of the affair, be- cause, as it is, I have always had to think of about twenty men first before any laugh would come. L- L- L- A STRANGE SUICIDE. George Whetstine, of Company C, was an honored citizen of Mor- gan county, Indiana. He was loyal to the Government, but did not volunteer to go into the army. It so happened that in the winter of 1864-1865 he was drafted and assigned to the Thirty-third Indiana, and joined it with others after the regiment had reached North Caro- lina, under General Sherman. While at Ealeigh his mind became un- balanced, it was tli ought, by brooding over army service. However that may be, one morning at roll-call he was missing and search was instituted at once. Just outside of the camp he was found dead. He INDIANA voir villi; [NFANTRY. 23? had taken one suspender, put h aboul his aeek, passed one end through the button-hole of the other, drew it as tightly as possible, and then waited death, which soon came, and apparently without a struggle. HOW GENERAL WARD WAS ANGERED. One day while the brigade was marching through a dense pine forest, which was no unusual thing in North Carolina, it so happened that the troops were very short of rations — in fact, without any. Un- fortunately, on that day, the division commander, General Ward, was in his "cups."* a thing quite common to him. The Thirty-third boys observing him began shouting "Hardtack and sowbelly," tor no other purpose than to attract his attention to the condition of affairs, which, however, in any event, he could not have improved. He con- cluded that the regiment was jeering him and ordered it placed under arrest. The whole affair was somewhat ludicrous, and it was some tune before he could be prevailed upon to withdraw the order. Had he been sober nothing of the kind would have occurred. He was a gallant soldier, and on his return to civil life became a total abstainer and died a professed christian. SURGEON BENCE'S MULE. The mule that carried the regimental medicine-chest while on the march to the sea and through the Carolinas was one of the finest speci- mens of its kind. It was the cynosure of all eyes. It belonged to the Government, but Surgeon Bence looked forward to the time when he would become its owner. At the close of the war, at Louisville, Ken- tucky, he tried to get it of Quartermaster McMasters, but as Bob was charged with a certain number he had to also account for them. That the Q. M. should have his full complement of mules the doctor went to the Government stockyards and bought a broken-down mule for $50 and substituted it for the one that had so successfully carried the pan- nier. The same day the Q. M. tried to turn in the broken-down mule with the others, but unfortunately it was recognized by a strip of white paint. By no means would they receive it, and after all the doctor saw his favorite mule turned in with the common herd. It was a rather expensive deal for the doctor, but the result of the transaction afforded a good deal of merriment for his comrades. The boys never knew what became of the broken-down, $50 mule, except that the doctor took it with him to Indiana. GENERAL LOGAN'S RECEPTION. At the close of the war, when the troops stationed at Louisville. Kentucky, July, 1865, were mustered out, the officers of the army con- ceived the happy idea of doing honor to the gallant "'Black Eagle," 238 HISTORY OF THE THIKTY-THIRD Gen. John A. Logan, by giving him a grand reception at the court- house in the city. The vast court-room was filled with an appreciative gathering of officers from all the commands in and aboul that city. His farewell speech was greeted with appropriate applause. At the close, and at the moment when the presiding officer was about to adjourn the meeting, a quartette of officers of the Thirty-third Indi- ana entered the room, and Captain Johnson, of the party, taking in the situation at a glance, and before the gavel fell, yelled out, "ATr. President, before closing I would like to state that there are some officers of the Thirty-third Indiana who have just entered the room and would be pleased to be accorded a personal interview with General Logan." The General very kindly presented himself and an intro- duction all around followed. The General was affable and courteous and left a most favorable impression upon the minds of those par- ticipating and which served to strengthen an admiration that had been already formed. SINGULAR AFFLICTIONS. Army life developed many singular physical afflictions — the loss of speech, "moon-eyed," or unable to see after night, and double vision, were among them. The percentage of these, however, were not very great. Simon Lasley, of Company C, had a remarkable case of double vision. There was no finer specimen of physical manhood in the army than he, and he was in the prime of life. Upon reaching Crab Orchard, Kentucky, this infirmity increased and finally killed him. boss of speech seemed to be the most prevalent. Just before the battle of New Hope Church, in Georgia, Capt. J. L. Banks, of Com- pany B, was deprived of his speech, and as captain he was unfitted to take command. There were some impixtations of cowardice. Smart- ing under this he determined to go with his company at all hazards. Tn that battle he was shot in the hand and soon after died from the effects of the deadly gangrene. While the regiment was at Indianapolis on veteran furlough, Lieu- tenant-Colonel Henderson lost his speech. From that date until the end of his enlistment he was absent from the regiment. GAMBLING. Gambling in the army was not so general as many believe. There was not much secrecy in the movements of those who were fascinated by games of chance, whether in camp or on the march. In the early part of the war gambling was chiefly done with cards, but later on "chuck-a-luck" (throwing dice) became the prevailing game, and wher- ever the game was on, the same forms and faces were nearly always INDIANA VOLUNTEEB [NPANTKY. 239 there. It is believed by many that the games had proportionately no greater number of devotees than existed then in the larger cities of the country. Even if it did exist to a verj considerable extent, ii ought not to be surprising in the absence of the influences which tended to elevate society — the law, the church, and the home. Human nature was the same in the army as ai home not hampered ami circumscribed. Some followed the games io the lowesl depths of misery, while others indulged mildly, and many not at all. Like all games of chance, the winnings were generally with the banker, and those who slavishly followed the pastime were burdened with the usual heartaches and seldom relieved by a gleam of the sun- shine of good luck. "Some play for gain; to pass time, others play For nothing: both to play the fool, I say; ifc ifi i%i ifi ?$z ifc Who gets by play proves loser in the end.'* There were a few notable instances of gambling. When "Spot" Graham, of Company K, as the army was approaching Savannah. Georgia, placed $1,100 on the six-spot and that number came up three times, showing that he was the winner of $3,300, his luck was tin' talk of the army. When he reached Savannah, he sent about $8,000 to his home. However, afterwards his good luck changed, and in a few years after the war he was penniless. At Savannah. Georgia, Colonel Burton determined, if possible, to suppress gambling in the regiment. An order against gambling was ineffective. For participating in the game one officer's sword was taken from him, and Private T. F. Bailey, of Company H, a drafted man, was, for a time, tied to a tree. This had its influence in a few instances, but the greater number continued, although in a less public manner. GOLD AND GREENBACKS. The only time the Thirty-third Indiana was paid in gold was at Crab Orchard, Kentucky, in December, 1861. All subsequent pay- ments were made in greenbacks. The private soldier was paid at the rate of $13.00 per month from the beginning of the war until April 30, 1864, when the pay was increased to $16.00 per month, this rate continuing until the close of the war. Following is a table showing the gold value of the greenback dollar, commencing with January 1, 1862, and ending January 1. 1866, and also one showing the gold value of the greenbacks that they received for a month's pay. •Mil HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD A calculation shows that each private soldier of the Thirty-third Indiana who served from September 16, 1861, to July 25, 1865, if paid the difference between the value of the greenback dollar and the gold dollar would be entitled to $203.81 + . In this calculation bounties are not considered. In other words, if they had been paid in o-old they would have received during that time $656. On. instead of $452.18-f, the value of the greenback in gold. VALUE OF GREENBACKS IN GOLD. Periods. 1861. 1862. 1863. 1864. L865. Cents. 97.6 96.6 98.2 98.5 96.8 93.9 86.6 87.3 84.4 77.8 76.3 75.6 Cents. 68.9 62.3 64.7 66.0 67.2 69.2 76.6 79.5 74.:» 67.7 67.6 66.2 Cents. 64.3 63.1 61.4 57.9 56.7 47.5 38.7 39.4 44.9 48.3 42.8 44.0 Cents. 46.3 48.7 57.5 67.3 AJt 73.7 71.4 70.4 69.7 Par. Par. Par. Par. 69.5 68.7 68.0 68.4 PAY PER MONTH ON GOLD BASIS. Periods. 1861. 1862. 1863. 1864. 1865. January . . February . March April May June July August September. October.. . . November . December . $6 50 13 00 13 00 13 00 $12 12 12 12 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 55.8 76.6 80.5 58.4 20.7 25.8 34.9 97.2 11.4 91.9 82.8 $8 95.7 09.9 41.1 58.0 73.6 99.6 95.8 33.5 68.5 80.1 78.8 60.6 $8 35.9 8 20.3 7 98.2 7 52.7 9 07.2 7 60.0 6 19.2 6 30.4 7 18.4 7 72.8 6 84.8 7 04.0 $7 40.8 7 79.2 9 20.0 10 76.8 11 79.2 11 42.4 11 26.4 11 15.2 11 12.0 10 99.2 10 88.0 10 94.4 |\ |i| \\ \ VOL! VIT.I'i; 1 \ i \nti;v •ill a < < cc Q OS « 22 co 50 a,— 4j 3 ~ — iO to co GO ou CC *S CO c Co 1 " 5o§2 ■33 | S u fe a ^ o> OJ ~ gas's 15 1i 5^ IS OJH^j J) ; *o "u ... .„ '23-sc _bc_bJ0 g -S .S°~ » tt o S 0) 0) u 2 4> 4) ^PhOhS «Q S.2 » «S ° 2 ,° « 5 4> 4) O a a es i ai 4) to CC GO GO —• ■* iO to to CO CC CO GO r-( !N Tf l.C to to CO CO X' 00 00 GO — (M (M CO ■* ■* to CD CC CO CO CO 00 00 00 X 00 00 r-< CO "*l CO CD CO CO CO 00 £co 00 ~ 1< s — " CO i-i Sept. Nov. May *o o * 4) CO -J cJ OO si Sept. 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CD CO CO 00 00 00 a ci 01 -3 ;„ -» ticu, d a 2 b a oi os .a es as — ^ ./ << — ■ g 9, j£ oj cc — rz a . c .s « ,s ft— a cu w os CCOb o cf aoOfe ft 03 03 ^ 03 . ■Sag -3 O = x ■ It ■" •5 oj a u .2 ■ -a s ^ c a •~ a -3 coO S l-s fci 03 a ;j 3 -o = 5 O T3 a 03 .5 2> •Ml HISTORY OF TIIK THIRTY-THIRD S*» ft' s 3 co >— CO 3 * t-s nh ft 3 s -" 3 o o OhCu> K> —i so ■>* ®»© 00 00 CO SO i> .7410 CO_ ~ ©~^ . ^ CD -w 3 -S Oh CX- 2 © 3 3 ^< 3 j. & — .2 3 =« 3.SPS .5 SS - iC 3 00 i, '.^ -Q ja C -3 3 •3 9 5 S-O-^3 O 3 O 3.5PS O JO O in OJ S- ftPnlX fc* »- w 5j CO » 3 *"^ ~ ZTT3 3 O «3 ei a-g s 2.2 "S ftQ> CO CO 00 00 — 1 CO CO CO X 00 CO CO CO 00 00 -H^lO CO to CO 00 00 CO CO CO CO CO CO CO 00 00 00 00 00 CO ~- a; oj 3 • .0 • l-s £ 08 03 3 3 c T3 3 3 <1> IV {I Dm 3 3 £Ps£ .2 .2 «*.S 5 /1 x .X! a> 3 — ' "" T3 — ' « O O OS o 03 3 3 cy 3 cu 2 2« 2« CL,Dh>"Dh> h iM t|( 10 10 -O » CO CO CO GO CO CO 00 CO' cb~t-t oi c-s ft +3 08 3 p 'O -co V a. O — p. <0 0Q O g CO 10 CO CO CO 00 OO 00 O 3 CO CS CO CO >— — 1— " o M O O 3- CB GQHh ft2 P- > > >• g^^^S N 03 n _3 ! go 1 o 2 "^ ^J?0 ^3 -— « ^ .- H — ' > — a « =c 2W 1> c —1 3 -3 § IS fe, 32^ ^ 3 OC'15 3 — ' — ' G> '/^ ^t > 08 « o O h B • O O cB 3 >« ^ E=: £- m .2 7 — —^ .2 be -^ .2 .1 2 ~" £"3 ,0 PQi INDIANA YOUNTKKIi IM'ANTKY. 245 S- - _ < CD - T. = > S3 Ct. 3 1) 3. a _c --.' a, o-« S3 rt - o a 3 a> » 5 is* 3 2 *c? c 5 £ ^fa§ CM •"i CM CO » O^ *_~ S*» — ■ i ; rt" "^ ,-T _ • >-» ^ 33 S r— >-> — CO — « 3 S 2 e C O 33 a/ c p-< 2 3 O 33 3 a S -; " 03 „ J5 « c 'OT! 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X 33 O s "3 -« ^ B 0> ~ fa 3 ^ a" ti 3 si li: ijl ra — > w 1 ao I a) cSs 246 HISTORY OF THK THIRTY-THIRD SJl-oo a .si o &, rt c s ^ re, «tf 03 50 2 5o°°.o .— _ oo ■* CO CO 1-1 • -H OJ 3 03 O 3 "O o " • s 2 S.S3 S3 00 a „ s ^ 5 uj a> re • 3-S 3 £•£•1=^ So , a .a o c o o « o U V U &,« Oh — r- o ^ IM .° £-*-> oF cS'<-> a a § ~~ "r "O « * 5 2 2 « 1 § - O O 2 a a e3 .a 3 c a o 3 W 4) S a> u 1-Sa 2 S 2 S » 5 ShCh^ QhS> «§ —1 CO TH O CO CO CO CO CO -h SO lO CO CO CO CO CO CO — CO CO CO CO CO *# IC CO CO CO CO HNU5 CO CO CO CO CO CO CD CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO 00 CO CO CO t^ 00 CO t> CS r-H CN CO t- .-1 r d a ?3B a> -0 OW S ^ s 3 S a> h i«> ^r= t-e --oj ^ ? ~z J f 8H h4 S K < .0 PM : d a 1 o 2 5 3 » O * rt INDIANA VOLUNTFFK [NFANTR"5 241 ROSTEK OF NON-COMMISSIONED STAFF. Namk and Rank. Date ok Mustkr. Rkmarks. Sergeant Major. Pickering, Charles H . Porter, Charles II McMaster, Robert M . Shelton, Joseph R Quartermaster Sergeant. Wilkins, John A McBriiie, John R Bennett, William M Mahon, James Commissary Si rgeant. Holliday, Wilbur F . Mi 'Untie, John R Hendricks, Lindsey T.. Hospital Steward. Moffitt, John Redd, Mort i<:i Principal Musicians. Ransom, Reuben R Hamilton, Alexander W l-'nx wurthv, Jefferson 11 .. Mifhael, Charles G Hartzell, George W Sept. 21, Sept. 1(5, Sept. 16, Sept. 17, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Feb. 12, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Sept. 16, Aug. 15, Aug. 15, 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1862 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 186-2 1S62 (See Co. E.) Promoted adjutant. (See Co. I.) Promoted adjutant. See Co. F.) Promoted quartermaster. (See Co. A.) Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Promoted quartermaster. Promoted adjutant October 1, 1864. (See Co. II.) Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. (See Co. G.) Veteran; mustered out July 3, 1865. Trans, and prom, quar'm. 7th Ind. Cav. Sept. '63. (See Co. C.) From, quarterm. serg't July 1.1,1864. (See Co. K.) Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Promoted assistant surgeon. (See Co. l.i Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. (See Co. K.) Unaccounted for. i See Co. A.) Discharged April 23, 1863. (See Co. II. i Discharged April 23, 1863. Mustered out June 22, 1865. .Mustered out June 22,1865. ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY A. Name and Rank. First Sergi nut. Simpson , James Sergeants. .r Tjriss, Charles S "V>L^ Foxworthy, Enoch **^ Brewer, David W Dilly, William A Corpora/*. Pike, Joseph Harrison, Oscar II Coble, William A Shelton, Joseph R Rhea, Thomas M Ba] linger, Andrew J Taylor, John W Johnson, Thomas W \s Musicians. "S Hamilton, Alexander^® McClellan, David Wagoner. Fowler, Henry D Privates. Allen, Isaac Brewer, Enoch H Bryant, Bowater Bryant, George R Bain, John Rest, l ienrge Brown, David F Blankenshi p, Joel W Brown, A ndrew (' Brown , William B Callahan. William <; Costiu, Harrison Costin. William Champion, William L... Date or Muster. Remarks. Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 17, 1861 Sept 16, 1861 Sept 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 17, 1861 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; discharged January 10,1865, disability. Veteran; discharged September 17,1864, disability. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., Dec. 9, 1861, disease. Transferred to U. S. Signal Corps, Oct. 22, 1863. Died at Crab Orchard. Ky., Nov. 28, 1861, disease. Promoted sergeant major. Veteran: killed at New Hope Ch'h, Ga., May 25, '64 Died at Martinsville, Ind., February 9, 1862. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted principal musician. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Crab Orchard. Ky., Jan. 10, 1862, disease. Discharged May 10, 1862, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; discharged February 18, 1865, wounds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out J uly 21, 1865. Discharged — , 1863. Discharged October 20,1862. Discharged, date not stated, wounds. Mustered out September 19 1864. as corporal. Transferred to V. R. Corps January 10, 1865. Discharged October 21, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran ; mustered out June 7, 1865. 2 1 8 HISTORY OF Till: THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Date of Muster. RESfARkS. Dane, Francis Dewees, Thomas L Dewees, Louis Duncan, William G Dane, George Dixon, William Edwards, John B Freet, Adam C Fletcher, John D Freeman, Charles W . .. Greenlee, George Gray, Taylor W Holmes, John P Hayden, .John W Handgun, William Hunter, James C Hinkle, James B Hia-on, Oren Hancock, Stephen L .... Ingram, Francis L ■Judson, Chris opher Jennings, Joseph A Jones, lohn Jay, Klijah. Johnson, Eli B Kivett, Daniel B Kirkham, Henry C Lynch, John W Lane, Joseph Labertew, Smith Labertew, Theodore iLyneh, B-mjamin D JLainb, Isaac Lamb, Joseph McGinnis, William J. ... Myrick, John B Murphy, Edgar. Medaris.John R Mannan, John W McKoy, William JJ Mc Daniel, John < McGinnis, John C....... McCloud, William H. H McGloud, Williamson... McCloud, John A. ... ... Matthews, William i J . ... McClellan. James E Owen, Daniel P Pitman, Hinson Page, John Pearce, Nathan... ..... Pearce, William H. H.. Pearce. Richard C Page, David Shipley, Jesse F Shipley. Jacob A..... ... Shoemaker. John T — Sturgeon, Jeptha Sent .n, James P. Seaton, George W. .... Shelton. George W .... Smith. William H..... Sebastian, Thomas H.. Sooner, William A. Ralston, Henry ... . ... Wcl man, Jeremiah L... Williams, Aaron York. Calvin B Recruits. Alexander, Alfred W. Apple, Leonidas Abercrombie. William L Alee, Edward Bivas, Adam Beck, Adam H Best, James W Blakely James M Bochler, John G Bradway, Josiah Sept. 16, 1861 j Vet ; killed at Peach Tree C'k, Ga., July 20, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged, date not stated, disability. Sept. 16, 1861 * Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21. 1865. Sept. 16,1861 Captured; reported killed, 1863. Sept. 17, 1861 Veteran; mustered out. July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 | Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16. 1861 Died July 21, 1864, wounds. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged April 7. 1863, disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Did at Crab Orchard, K.v., November 25, 1861. Sept. 16, 1861 Promoted 2d lieutenant. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept 16,1861 Died April 5, 1863, disease. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran: discharged Ootobei 26, 1861, disability. Sept. 16, 1 S(; 1 Veteran; mustered out .lu y 21, 1865, ss corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergt. Sept. 16, 1861 Ve eran; mustered out J uly 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; must -red out July 21, 1865, as srgeeant. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 1H, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Deserted; ch'ges rem.; tr. to Co. A, 52d Ind. Vols. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 j Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 i Mustered out September 19,1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged February 25, 1861, disability. Sept. 16, 1S61 Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at London, Ky., Nov. 17,1861, disease. Sept. 16, 1861 Died August 19, 1-63. Sept. 16, 1861 Vete-an; muste ed out June 10,1865-. Sept. 16, 1861 ! Discharged — , 1863. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged October 23, 1863. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mistered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 17, 1861 Discharged October 20, 1862. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged February 16, 1863. Sept 16,1861 Veteran; mustered out Jan. 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 18»il : Discharged M iy 21, 1863. disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sept 16,1861 | Veteran; discharged March 14, 1865, disability. Sept. 16. 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Sept 16, 1861 Veteran; mus'ered out July 21, I860. Sept. 16, 1861 I Mustered out S -ptember 19, 1864 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 18b5. Sept 16,1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21, 18o5 r Sept 16,1861 | Discharged February 7, 1865, disability. Sept 16,1861 1 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. SePt 16,1861 Discharged June 15.1865, disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Deserted November 1,1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 , Veteran; mustered oir July 21, 1865 Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Murfreesboro, Tenn., — .186*. Sept. 16, 1861 I Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 j Vet.; died Chafn'ga, Tenn., Aug. 7,1864, wounds Sent 16,1861 Died at Chattanooga. Tenn., February -.1864 Sept' 16. 1861 Vetean: mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept! 16, 1861 Mustered out Sept 19. 1864 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sept 16,1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, I860. Sept! 16, 1861 Discharged March 19, 1862 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sept 16 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, I860, as corporal. Sept! 16, 1861 Mustered out Sep'. 19. 1864. Sept 17 1861 ! Killed at New Hope Church, Ga , May 25, 1864. Sept' ir! 1861 Discharged October 26, 1862. Sept 16,1861 Discharged May 10, 1862. „„,„,., j Sent 16 861 Died Vinings Station. Ga.. July 29, 1864, wounds. Sept! Wl 1861 Died at Lynchburg, Va ., April 11, 1863, wounds. Transferred t<> Co. I. April 1, I860. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 21,1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865; substitute. Veteran; died June 6,1865; tr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. . Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out June 23, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21 , 1865; drafted. Feb. 2, 1865 Feb 24, 1865 Mar 29, 1865 Oct. 4. 1864 Jan. 24, 1864 Mar. 8, 1865 Feb 9 1865 Oct, 20, 1861 Mar. 15, 1865 Sept 21, 1864 INDIANA \ oil \ ri:i:i; i\ FANTR1 . ' i9 NAMK ANll I! l\k. Brown, Jacob Brown, Joseph Brown, Samuel 6 Bruner, David Brunnemer, Joseph •'. Buller, John Bartholomew, James L. Briant, Allen Bastian, \V. C i 'ox, Phillip Coones, George W < lampbell, Robert Campbell William I larey, < lharles Cobbler, Milton Cooper, M ichael Cox, Nathan n Courtne * , William M i Jarter, 1 saac •! Champion, Andrew .1 . Davis, Stewart Dussing, Scott Dunham, Sa muel Dever, Ezekie] Eaks, Andrew Finis, Henry A Finey, Joseph Fitzgibbon, William I! Fitzpatrick, James Gill, Jacob Grise, Albert C Guess, .Samuel ... Garshweiler, Cor. L . . . • 1 uess, Thomas Holbrook, Reuben Hiday, Charles Heath, James Howell, Bri e ,M Huller, Jonathan Harper. James P Jones, Henry Lemay, Charles W Matthew, \ndrew Muster, William Maples, Edward Miller, Monterville McDaniel, Samuel Myers, John Mannan, Elijah McG innis, Columbus . ... McKinzie, Willia n 01 instead, Alonzo O'Haver, Charles Owen, Henry C Piles, George Pierce, Benoni Pruitt, William E Rasener, Charles F Simpson, William C Sitter, Rolla Shipley. Tighlman H. ... Smith, Henry Stephens, lohn K Simpson. Dionysius Smith, Elijah Sanders, Joel Stewart, Rob Tt (J Vaughan, Jefferson Walton, Volney Westfall, Amos 1) iTK OF Remarks. Sept. 8, Oct. 7, June 8, Oct. 4, Mar. B, Sept. 21, Sopt 26, Jan. 24, Mar. 10, Jan. 24, Jan. 24, Oct Oct. 5', Oct. 4, Oct. I, Oct. 6, Oct 7, Apr. 16, Sept. 21, Aug. 15, Feb 24, Oct. 6, Mar. 22. Oct. 7, Feb. 24, Jan. 24, Feb. 21, Apr. 5, Apr. 16, Apr. 16, Apr. ti, Oct. 4, May 4. Sept. 26, Jan. 24, Feb. 24, Oct. 4, Feb. 9, Apr. 5, Mar. 1, Mar. 22, Feb. 24, Mar. 22, Jan. 21, Mar. II, Feb. 24, Mar. 29, 1862 1864 is.;: 1864 1866 1864 1864 1864 1865 1864 1861 is; i 1861 1861 1864 1864 is.; i 1865 1861 1862 1865 1864 1865 L864 1865 is.; | 1865 1865 L865 1865 1865 1864 1863 1864 1861 1865 1S64 1865 1865 1862 1 S65 1865 1865 1864 1865 1865 1865 Aug. Aug. Oct. Jan. Mar. Nov. Dee. Feb Aug. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. \l ;ir. Feb. Nov 10, 1862 15, 1862 6, 1864 24, 186 t 2, 1865 :;, 1864 16. 1864 9, is-; i 15, 1862 24, 1865 23, 1864 24, 1865 9, 1865 11. 1865 6, 1865 29, 1864 Aug. S pt. .Mar. Jan. Feb. 30. 1862 28, 1864 27, 1865 24. 1864 11, 1865 Transferee! to V. R. Corps. Died Chattanooga, Tenn., Jan. 23, 1865; subs'tute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 186;".; drafted. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Jan in, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865; substitute. Vet.; m. out June 20, 1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 1, 1865; substitute. Vet.; m. out July 21,1865; tr. Jr. 27 th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. fr.27th and 70th [nd. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered nut July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 5, 1865; dratted. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. VIus ered out July 21, 1865; substitute Mustere i out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustere. 1 out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., March 30,1865; sub. Mustered July 21, 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.out July21, '65; tr.fr. 7th and 70th Ind. Mustered out, Julv 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute .Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21 , 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21. 1865; substitute. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out June 26, 1 - Mustered out June 25, L865; substitute. Vet.; in out July 21, '65; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; dratted. Vlustered out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out March 27, 1865. Mustered out August 2 1865. Mustere. I out July 21, 1865: drafted. Mustered out Julv 21. 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.out July 21. '65; tr.fr 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 28, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out June 26, 1865. M ii stored out J tine 21, 1865. Mustered out fulv 1, 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865; substitute. Must red out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21. 1865; drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21,1865. Drowned at Wash , I). C , May 25,1865; drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, H65. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustere. 1 out July 21,1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865: substitute. Died at Washington, D. C, June 19, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mus ered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21. 1865; substitute. Vet.; m. out June 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out August 15, 18t55: substitute. 250 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD KN LISTED MEN OK COMPANY B. Name and Rank. Datk of Mdstf r. R R M A K K S . First Sergeant. Banks, James L Sergeants. Moore, Preston A Arthur, Ambrose Ionian, Robert H Williamson, Alexander Corporals. Campbell, Thomas B. . . Jordan, George W Clegg, Ti oniasG Burris, John Mel vin, George A Holmes, Isaac P Foreman, John M Waddle, Absalom Musicians. Wallace, John M Hall, James II Wagom r . Sullinger, William Privates. Adkins, Silas R Adkins, John M Adams, Israel M Barta, Alexander H Bonham, John A Barrows, William W. . Briant, Stephen S Bazwell, Zadoc Burch, Kichard J Burch, Jesse W Campbell, John Caseberes, Omar Clark, George W Claycomb, Adam Claycomb, Frederick. .. Cox, Henry Crawley, James M Crawley, Jasper Crawley. Henry Cruse, James T Dale, James D Dale. William P Donahey, William D . .. Dunn, Richard M Edwards, George W Frankling. John W Foreman, William W .. Freeland, Benjamin H. Garrison, Samuel W Gill-s, John F Gleam, William Goad, Jeremiah Goad, Peter Gown. James Graham , Stephen Grim, George W Harbin, John M Hanking. John Hoi lings worth, Sam. B. Hollingsworth, Win. B. Hollingsworth.R. B... Hogue, John L Holley, James Hunter, Richard 11 Hunter. William J Jeter, Henry H Johnson, Daniel Jordan, Absalom Kensling, Jacob Light, -la mes Like, Hiram Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. 16, 186 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 . 1 6 , 186 , 186 . 1S6 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , IS'- , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 186 , 18fi , 186 , 186 , 186 . 186 , 186 Hi 186 16, 186 Promoted lid lieutenant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; dis. March 14, 1865, as 1st sgt.; wounds. Veteran; discharged June 3, 1865, wounds. . Mugtered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 16, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19,1864, as private. 1 Veteran; killed near Raleigh, N. C, April 12, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged April 12, 1863, disability. Mustered out September 19,1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865. Mustered out September 1 J ,1S64. Veteran; .leserted August 20, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 16, 1861. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 22, 1861. I naccounted for. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Discharged October 23, 1862. Veteran; died July 9, 1864, wounds. Unaccounted for. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Died November 26. 1862. Discharged Octob r 23, 862. .Mustered out September 19,1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., Aug. 10, 1862." Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1*65, as corporal. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. „„ Mustered out September 19. 1864. Veteran: discharged May 8, '65, by order War Dcpt. Died at Lancaster, Ivy., December 5, 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, '65, as 1st sergeant. Veteran; discharged May 24, 1865. disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; discharged April 11, 1865, wounds. " Mustered out September 19, 1864. Unaccounted for. Veteran; deserted April 28, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; muste ed out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; died July 14, 1864, wounds. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Rockcastle River, Ky., November 17, 1861. Promote.! to Is lieutenant. Died at Fish Point, Ky, November 18, 1861. Discharged June 8, 1865, woundp. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; killed at Atlanta, Ga.,November6, 1861. INDIAN \ VOLTJNTEEB [NFAN DEI . 351 Nami; ind Rank. Datk of MuSTfcR. Remarks. Linkons, George Mayfield, .lames Maleomb, Silas Matz, Phillip MoClure, Reuben. . . . McDonald, John ... . Martin Shelby Morgan, William W Palmer, < leorge W Ray. Benjamin V. . . . Reed, WinlieldS Sampson, John Slaven, Nimnul ... Small, Samuel Stipe, .Mat bias Summers, liurr Sutt, Nicholas Tevebaugh.John W . Vankirk, II iram I > . . . Watson, " arrison . . . \Vat> r-, William L .. Waddle.CharlesF... Wagner, William. . . . Welton, .la mes H Westfall. George W.. Wheeler. William. . . Willis, John C Wilson, John D Will more, William . . Willis. James Williamson, Peter. . . Witherow, David 1! . Wise, Christopher Recruits. Akester, Washington Arnold, v ndrew J. . . Austin, Henry C Bonner, James M... . Boyd. John B Bratton, Robert R Brown, David Bryant, -Has Boyd, James S Boyce, Edwin P Baker, Townsend Bishop, John W ... . Clark, William H Christian . H rmon... Cox. Jeffrey J Capitor, George H Davis, Joseph A Dugger, John Dougherty. James S. Dona hey, Samuel M. Edwards, James Everha t, David Ellis, William P Eads, John W Foos. Jesse Fiveeoats, Charles W Famish, Beniamin F Gilley. Martin V Go' d, Fortunatus C. Goodpasture. Brack . Glaze, W lliam Hess, 4 dam Hays, Geo<-ge W Bolt, William Huey. James A lee. William Jackson John Jones, Joseph R Jones, John B Jones, Marion Jackson, Robert D Jackson, David T Lee, Greshnm Lucas. Daniel C Low, George Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept, 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sepl. it; Sept. 16 Sept. k; Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. lti Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept. 16 Sept, 16 Sept. 16 Sept, 16 Sept, 16 Sept. 1* Sept. 16 Sept. 16 2t; Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan Jan Feb. 21 Jan. 6 April 4 May 3 Aug. 24 Mar. 26 Sept. 21 Jan. 24 Feb. 27 Jan. 24 Aus. 29 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Sept. 22 Jan. 5 Aug. 29 Sept. 26 Jan. 24 Jan. 5 May 5 Sept. 22 Oct. 2 Oct. 6 Mar. 14 Sept. 22 .Sept. 21 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Mar. 26 Feb. 12 Sept. 22 Sept. 22 Oct. 6 Sept. 22 Sept. 20 1861 L861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1st ;i 1861 1861 ist'.i 1861 ISI',1 1861 18('d 1861 1861 1861 1S61 1861 1861 861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1864 1861 1864 1864 1864 1864 isc» 4 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 186?, 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1862 1864 1864 1864 1864 864 1862 1861 1864 1864 1864 1*64 1864 1864 1862 1X64 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 Unaccounted for. I tied at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 3, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, L865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 15, 1864. Unaccounted for. Veteran; must, out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Veteran; died July 29, 1864. wounds. M ustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran ; died Ma y 26, 1864. Vet.; killed at P'chTree Creek, Ga., July 20,1864 Deserted December 1, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out Septemb r 19, 1864. M ustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Crab Or. •hard, Ky , December 9, 1861. Died at Lexington, Ky., July 11, 18ti2, disease. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Vetera o; mustered out July 21, 1865. I I naccounted for. Discharged April 27,1863, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant 1 naccounted for. Veteran; deserted April 28, 1864. Died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., Sept 24, 1862. Unaccounted for. Discharged October 23,1862. Unaccounted for. Discharged October 23,1862. Vet. :m. out Jul v 21 ,'65, as Corp.; tr.fr. 27 and 70 Ind. Vet,; m. out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.: m . out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out Jul v 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet ; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet : in. out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21. '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out May 20, 1865. Mustered out July21,'65; tr. fr.27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, '6ft: tr.fr. 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865 Discharged June 20, '6ft; disab'y; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Must/ red out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 13. 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 2 '.'65; tr. fr.27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865; drafted. Vet.; m. out July 21. '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.; m. out June — , '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet,; m out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet : dis. Junel2 '65; wo'ds; tr.fr. 27th & 70th Ind. Mustered out June — ,' 65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 3, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21. '65; transf'd from 85th Ind. Killed in South Carolina, February, 1865. Mustered out June 22. 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.outJuly21,186ft; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 3. 1865; drafted. M ustered out August 15, 1865. Die April 20,1865; drafted. Mustered out March 27.1865. Mustered out May 22, 1865; drafted. Never reported to company; deser'ed; drafted. Vet,; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 7i'tb Ind. Vet.; in out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. M. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. M out July 21. 1865: tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered o"t July 3, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 3. 1865; drafted. Died December 9. 1864; drafted. Mustered out June 22, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 22, 1865: substitute. BISTORT (>F Til THIKTY-THIIM) Namk and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. Low, John Marshall, Robe tR Maxwell, James McAdains, Marion Martin, Jerrett W Monahan, Daniel McCoy, Jacob McEUery, Benjamin — McClure, Samuel S May, Greo'ge S McAldridge, George W.. Newby, Albert S Newby, John i )sman, Phillip FalniT, John F Purcell, Nelson Potter. Henry Patterson, James Staus, Henry Short, Richard Smith, James M Shepherd, James L. B... Smith, Kelly M Stukey. Noah P Thomas, John A Tudor, George T Tudor, Larkin P Thorn , George L Vank rk, Ervin Van Wert. Taylor Wallace, John G Weaver, Charles C Weaver, Samuel L Welch, Jordan Wagoner, William Walter, Francis Winklepleck, Phillip — Williams. John F Wilson, William J Yegerlitner, Christian .. Mar. Jan. Jan. Feb. Feb. Mar. Sept. Oct. Aug. Sept. Mar. Sept. Sept. Mar. Jan. Jan. Jan. 11, 1861 21, lS(i4 24, 1864 12, 1864 12, 1864 3, 1864 21, 1864 5, 1864 29, 1862 22, 1864 10, 1865 20, 1864 12, 1864 3, 1S64 24, 1864 24, 1864 5, 1864 Mar. Feb. Feb. Jan. Jan. Mar. Jan. Mar. Mar. Aug. May Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan . Jan. Mar. Jan . Mar. Mar. May Mar 22, 1865 27, 1864 23, 1865 24, 1864 5, 1865 26, 1865 24, 1864 22, 1865 22, 1865 15, 1862 3, 1X64 5, 1864 24, 1S61 24, 1864 24, 1864 24, 1864 6, 1864 6, 1865 22, 1865 22, 1865 3, 1864 22, 1865 Mustered out June 22. 1865. Vet.; m. out July 21,1865; ir. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. M. out July 21, 1865; tr from 27th and 70th Ind. M. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. M.out July 21, 186 1; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Died — ; drafted. Died February 17, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out July 3, 1865; drafted. Deser ed April 10,1865; substitute. Muttered out July 3, 1865; substitute. Mustered out June 22,1865: drafted. M. out July 21, 1865; tr. trom 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, I 865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. fr.27th and70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Killed at Kenesaw Mountain, Ga , June 22, 1861. Mustered out July 6. 1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July lo, 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr from 85th Ind. M. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21.1865: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. M. out July 21, 1865, as abs't with't I've; drafted. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. V.t.: m. out Julv 21, 1865; t--.fr.27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m out July 21, 1865: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out M .y 20, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Deserted August 28. 1864. Mustered out July 21. 1865; drafted. ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY C. Name and Rank. First Sergeant. Hart, John Sergeants. Loper, William L Butner, John A Thomas, Amos J Graham , James J Corpcjruly. Busbee, Georre W MacKenzie, William N I'rall, Minton Cunningham, Allen... Knox, William J Rowan, Robert Orner, George D Harvey, Joshua L Musicians. Miller, Jacob M Rader, Henry H Wagoner. Lippert, George W Privates. Allen, Peter Allen, William Bain, James G Boyd, Alexander C Date of Muster. Rrmarks. Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. Sept, Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept Sept, Sept, Sept Sept. Sept Sept, Sept. 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 18«1 16, 1861 16, 1861 6, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Promoted second lieutenant. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as 1st sergeant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted first lieutenant. Mustered out September 19,1864. Mustered out September 19,1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. as private. Mustered out July 26, 1865. as private. Transf. to Mississippi Marine Corps Jan. 31, 1863. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as Rergeant. Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn , March 5, 1863. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865, as 1st sergt. 16] 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864, as private. 16, 1861 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept Sept, Sept. Sept, 16, 1861 16, 1*61 16, 1861 16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Transf. to Mississippi Marine Corps Jan. 31, 1863. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out June 15, 1865. Promoted second lieutenant. Died at Lexington, Ky., March 15, 1862. INDIAN \ VOLUN INFANTRY. !53 N v mh ami Rank. Date <>i Mustke R KM IRKS. Brady, Martin Bromw II, Jeremiah F. . Carpenter, James M Carpenter, Fieldon Carpenter, William 11. II Clarke, Charles R Clifford, John Crafton, Henry Or Hon, Barrisoo P Crafton, William F ('rider, Lewis Cunningham, Perry J — Day, David Dermit, Thomas Eckles, Cornelius Evans, Perry M Farmer, Kli Farr, James C Fisher, Nathaniel Fry, John S Francis, James N Garrison, Benjamin F Glessner. Theodore F Gurley, JohnT Iladley, Enos C Hadley, Noah Hoi Iran, Patrick Hasting, Jeremiah S Hale.Talburt G Hale, William R Hale, Jesse W Harrel, William Hardwiek, John Hinson, John W Hooks, Daniel C Johnson, Redden Kiefer, Julius C Kitchen, David Koons, William H La«ley. Simon H. Lash, George W Lewellyn, Jonathan Lippert, Henry Math ws, Henry H Mathews, Alfred Major, Alexander Major, Henry H Marshall, David N Marley, James W McBride. John R McKinley, George W. . . . McKinley, Martin V Medaris. James A Mitchell, George W. Mitchell, Bloomfield .... Newburn , James Newby, Beniamin F Oliver. Elbert W Orner, William H. H ... Paul, John Park, Isaae N Prescott, Benjamin H... Pruden , Lieutelas Prall, Leander Ray, William A Scott, Thomas J Sherwood, Daniel Smith, Edward X Ppringman, John S trader, James H Statzell, Is ac Stiles, Jesse L. R Tackitt. James B Troxcll, Willi .in H Turner, John Vincent. Jeremiah K. . . Ward, William T White. Israel Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sepl . Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. S-pt. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sep'. Sept. Sept. Pent. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 16, 1861 Hi, 1861 16, 1861 L6, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 L«, 1861 IB, 1861 16, 1861 16, L861 16, 1861 16, 1861 If,, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 lfi, 186] h;, 186] 16, 1861 16, 1861 Hi, istil 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 it;, 1861 16, lHtil 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 1-S 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16. 1861 16, 1861 16, 186' 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 lfi 1861 16, 186] K, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Mustered oui September 19, 1864 v ustered oul September 19, L864 . Veteran; died July 21, 1864; wounds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 19, 1861. Discharged Octobe 23,1862. Veteran; mil tered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mus ered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. .Mustered out Sep ember 19, 1864. Vetera n ; mustered out J uly 21, 1865. Vetera a; mustered out July 21, 1865, Veteran: discharged March 22,1865; wounds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Must-red out February 1, 1865 Veteran; mustered out June 28,1865. Veteran; mustered out J uly 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Dis. Feb. 2, 1 86*; rejoined rgt. and m. o. July 21, '65. Died at Rogers Gap, Tenn., June 15, 1862. Died in Libby Prison, Richmond, Va.. Mch. 27, '6?. Trans'd to Miss. Marine Corps. Jan. HI, 1863. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Lexington. Ky., March 15, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Transferred to V.R.O.; mustered out Sept. 17, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged October 23. 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Crab Orchard. Ky., December 2, 18 1. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; muste ed out July 21,1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21.1865. Died near Crab Orchard, Ky., April 16. 1862. Died at Nashville, Tenn.. August 29, 1864, wounds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. I >ied at Crab Orchard. Ky., December 9, 1861. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Veteran; muster' d out July 21, 1865. Promoted corp.Feb. 15, '62; com. sergt.Sept.5, 63. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 16, 1865. Vet.; died at Nashville, Tenn. ,Aug.29,'64, wounds. Mustered out September 19,1864. Dis. Oct.23,'62; rejoined Dec.1,'63; m. o. July 21.'65. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, '65, as wounded. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Died at Pulaski. Tenn., March 22, 1863; wounds. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as musician. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Transferred to 85th Indiana, May 17.1864. Died at Nashville, Tenn., June 20, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21.1865. M ustered out September 19. 1864. Transferred to V. R. Corps. M ustered out September 17. 1864. Mustered out December 9, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Trans erred to V. R. < 'orps. Dietl January 5.1862 Promoted assistant surgeon Mustered out September 19, 186'. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 186 254 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. I) \te or Muster. Remarks. Recruits. Allen, Thomas Allen, Samuel Blana, Jesse Berry, Franklin Bishop, Milton B Bopps, Martin Burns, Wiley Baker, Honry C Carney. Weeden Clow, Thomas Coble. Alson M Cahall, George W — Catliu, Reuben F Carlisle, William II Dyer, George W Deval, Jehial F Davee, Hira u De bori, Samuel Eberling, Frank Fultz, Joshua M Fansler, Samuel — Graves, John Griffin, Greenberry . . . Gregory, William J .. Holland. Arsa Hazlewood, Lee Howard, John Hastings, William K. Hinson, James -\ Harrington, John .... Hooks, Daniel C. Husban, William H... Hale, Andrew L Jarrett, Daniel Jamison, James W... Kiefer. Phillip E Law, Albert H Lawrence, George — Lamar, Franklin Lash, Robert McKinney, Michael.. Mitchell, John E Mopos, Alexander Musser, Robert T Matthews, Miles McClasky, John B... Nance, Theodore M. Newman, Reuben Ooley, James Parson, James Pay ton, Thomas Packer. Alonzo Peacock, David L Petty pool. Daniel — Pool, William Pointer, Benjamin . . Quinn, John M , Ray, Mewton Roberts, Simon Ryck man, Clark — Rees, Henry F Reynolds, Henry. . .. Rusie, William A .. . Robinson, John A... Rusie, Jacob Staten, Lahue C Scott, Jacob Shupe, Sylvester Sims, James 8ims, Joseph B Sneddy, Loyd Smith, James M Stone, Lewis P Thompson, James... Thomas, Eli Webber, Samuel F... White, Andrew White, Thomas Wilson, Robert S.... Dec. 28, Dec. 12, Feb. 11, Dec 16, Jan. 14. Dec. 12, Jan. 28, J..n. 14, Dec. 8, Feb. 6, Dec. 31, Juno 11, Oct. 0, Dec. 31, Feb. 21, Apr. 20, Aug. 13, Sept. 30, Jan. 14, Dec. 31, Dec. 31, Jan. 15, Jan. 14, •Ian. 7, Feb 23, Jan. 24, Jan. 24, Jan. 14, Dec. 31, Apr. 22, Mar. 3, Feb 13, Dec. 30. Jan. 16, June 11. Aug. 23, Feb. 23, Jan. 24, Jan. 24. Aug. 23, Jan. 24, Dec. 28, Apr. 20, Feb. 25, Feb. 7, Sept. 30, Jan. 24, Jan. 24, Mar. 24, Jan. 24, Jan. 14, Mar. 6, Aug. 31, Oct. 5, Aug. 22, Nov. — , Dec. 31, Apr. 8, Feb. 22, Oct. 18, Dec. 12, Mar. 23, Dee. 31, Oct. 7, Dec. 21, Feb. 24, Jan. 24, Feb. 22, Mar. 10, Apr. 8, Dee. 19, Jan. 1, Jan. 4, Jan. 14, Sept. 22, Jan. 21, Mar. 26, Mar. 26, Mar. 26. 1863 L863 1863 L863 1864 1863 1864 1864 1863 1864 1863 1863 1864 1863 1864 1S64 1S63 1864 L861 1863 1863 1861 1864 1864 1864 ■ 86 1 1864 1864 1863 1864 1865 864 1863 1864 1 <63 1862 1864 1864 1864 - 1864 1863 1864 1864 1865 1864 1864 1864 1865 1864 1864 1865 1863 1864 1862 1861 1863 1864 1865 1862 1863 1865 1864 1864 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1861 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from Tilth Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Indiana. Mustered out June 21,1865; tr. from 70th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Must-red out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out June 1, 1865; substitute. Must'd outJuly21,'65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.; m.o.July21. 65; a. w.l.tr. from 27th A:70thlnd. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr from 70th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Vet.; in. o. July 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. o. July 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 7uth Ind. Mustered outJu'y 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Vet.; m. out July21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 19, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Veteran; discharged October 13, 1865, wounds. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; in. out July 21. 1865; tr. fr.27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Juh' 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865; substitute. Vet ; m out July 21,1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, 1865: tr. fr. 27th and 7nth Ind. Mustered out July 19. 1865; drafted. Vet ■ m.out July 19,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 13, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 12, 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 12, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 15. 1865; drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Mustered out July 28, I860. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865. Mustered out Jul v 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21 , 1865; tr.from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865. Vet : m.out July 21.1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21.1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865; drafted. Vet.; m.out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and roth Ind. M. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind M out July 21,1865; tr. from 27th and lOth Ind. M' out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. INDIAN \ \ in. i \ i ill: I \ I' SlNTRT. Name and Rank. Williams, Thomas Worth, Frederick \\\. Williams, Richard Williams, Charles li Whetstine, George W Wheat, George W Date of MUSTKR. Jan. 28, 1864 Jan. 7. 1864 Mar. ■".. 1865 Mar. 23, 1865 Feb. 23, 1865 Remarks. Mustered out. July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th [nd. Mustered out .inly 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; substitute. Mustered out July Ml . 1865; drafted •Suicide, Raleigh. N. • '., April 24, 1865; drafted. Mustered out duly 10,1865; drafted. ENLISTED MEN OK COMPANY I>. N A M K AND I ', A N K . Datk of Muster. 1! KM ARKS. First S rg< ant. Wills, Thomas Sept. 16, 1861 St rg< ants. Chandler, William Sept. 16, 1861 Leech, Thomas ; Sept. 16, 1861 Moore, Jacob Sopt. 16, 1861 Crawford, James 11 Sept. 16, 1861 Corporals . Hendrickson, James Sept. Mitchell, Hiram Winterrowd. Anderson . Brow n , Jacob M Howell, Foster Comstock, J.i mes A Smith, \\ illiam Young, .limes W Musicians. .Mil arty, Daniel Thomas, James Wagoni r. Smith, Henry II Privati s. Anderson, John B Bumgamer, Will tarn II Bailey, Alfred Bai'ger, Thomas H Boicourt, David Beergan, James Casto, William Carney, Frederick Cardell, Fountain Campbell, James Collins, David Collins, Geriah Coalsott, Benjamin F.. Cookson, G-eorge W Cookson, Robert Conlin, Lackey Coleman, William Crank, Oscar Davisson, Enos Divert, Emanuel Divert, Jefferson T Dr; I in, 1861 16, 1861 16. 1861 16, 1861 Hi. 1861 Hi, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 I-. 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sent. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 18-U 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 IS 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 24, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 26, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16. 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 25. 1S61 16. 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21 , 1865, as corporal. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Unaccounted for. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as private. Discharged June 30, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, l s 6.">, as private. Died at Nashville, Tenn., July 15, 1864; wounds. Killed ai Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, Mil. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; discharged May 26, 1865; disability. Alustered out September 19, 1864. Died January 24, 1862. Veteran; mustered out May 18, 1865. Discharged November 27, 1862. Veteran; discharged February 7, 1865; disability. I >ied at i hah Orchard, Ky., December 17, 1861. Discharge! September 8, 1862; disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at London, Ky., November lit, l^il . Killed at Big Suanty, Ga., June 25, 1864. Discharged May — , 1863; disability. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., November 24, 1861. Died at Lex'ton, Ky., Mar. 31, '62; shot by guard. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 12, 1861. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Discharged December — , 1862, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Died at Columbia, Tenn., Mar. 7. 186;, wounds. Discharged October 23, 1862, disability. Transferred to Co. E. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Discharged October 23, 1862, disability. Discharged March — , 1*62, disability. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 11, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., November 8, 1864. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Killed at Spring Hill. Tenn.. March 5, 1863. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Transferred to Veteran Reserve Corps. Discharged Oct iber 23, 1862, disability. Mustered out September 22, 1864. Discharged October 23, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga.. July 20, 1864. Died at Nashville, Tenn., April 27, 1863. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Deserted February—, 1863. Dis. Crab Orchard, Ky.,Feb.l4, 1862,died same day. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. •.'.Mi BISTORT OF Till: Til I RTY-T1 I I I! I) Name and Rank. Date of AIlSTKK. Remarks. Kelly, Jasper Law, Samuel B Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. S.-pt. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. L6 16 16 16 16 16 16 11 16 16 16 16 16 16 17 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 24 16 2:> 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 1861 1861 1861 Melvin, Thomas E Miller, Alfred N Miller, Benedict McClure, Alexander MeOonnell, David Mc< 'minell, Louis B McConnell, James McPherson, John McQueen, Benjamin F 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 Meyers, Charles 1861 1861 Norris, John M Perry, Samuel E Perry, John W Patterson, Jefferson 1861 1861 1861 1801 1861 Phillips, Emanuel Peak, Joseph J 1861 1861 1861 1861 Roberts, Franklin Robertson, William Rate) iff, Charles H Smith, John E 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 Thornburgh, William — Thorn burgh, Joeph.Sr. . Thornburgh, Joseph, Jr Vanbenthusen, Aaron Waride, Jacob Wheeler, Nicholas Wills, Andrew C Wooley, Thorn as H Williams, William Williams, Franklin Young, Joseph H 1861 1861 1861 P61 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 1861 Recru it» . Dec. Jan. Jan. Oct. Nor. Jan. Oct. Mar. Feb. Oct. Aug. Aug. Jan. Jan. Jan. Mar. Aug. Aug. Mar. Jan. Jan. June Mar. Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. Jan . Jan Aug Aug. Dec. Jan. Jan. 23 24 24 26 6 24 19 6 15 7 13 13 24 24 24 22 13 26 30 24 24 1 29 21 6 1 9 2-1 24 13 13 20 24 21 1863 Allen, Aaron Allison, Robert F 1864 1864 1864 Banister. Seneca L Burner, Enoch M 1861 1864 1864 1865 1865 Bell, William. .. 1864 Bone, Alfred P. . 1862 1862 Critchlow, George W ... Callahan, William A .... Cox. William 1864 1864 1864 Carpenter. Noah A 1864 1862 Campbell, Joseph C Colclasher. Jefferson '862 1862 1864 Davis, Jonas 1864 1863 Dandson. Charles H 1865 1864 1 hmsa DP, Scott Elliott, Malachi 1864 1864 Ellard, Andrew J . . 1864 Faith. Levi F Fry. William 1861 1864 1 81W Floyd, Arthur W Pisler, Robert L Flinn. William M Gore, George W 1 862 1863 1864 1864 Veteran; mustered out July 11,1865. Trans, to V. R. Corps; dis. July 24, 1865. Died ht Crab Orchard, Ky.. December 19, 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Dis. barged October 23. 1862. Died at Sandy Pass, Ky., October 31, 1862. Hied at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 7, 1861. Veteran; mustered out May 18, 1865. Killed at Spring Hill, Tenn , March 5, 1863. Killed at Wild Cat, Ky., October 21,1861. I teserted at Indianapolis, Ind., Sept. 11, l c 61. Di d ShelbyTle.Ind. Ap.20,'63: w.shot by cop'hd. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as corporal. Deserted at Danville, Ky., December- , 1863. Died at Columbia, Tenn., March 7,1863; wounds. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 10, 1861. Discharged April 27, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Discharge 1 October 23, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., November 27, 1861. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergeant. Promoted second lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out June 15,1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged October 23. 1862, disability. Discharged April 27, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 4, 1861 . Discharged October 27. 1862. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 12, 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Kingston, Ga., June 22, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal . Must'd out July 25,'65; tr.fr. 70th Ind.; substitute. Vet.; m. out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 28, 1865; drafted. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as musician. Vet.; m.out July 21. 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out June 28. 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 12, 1865. Mustered out June 21. 1865. Vet.; m.outJuly21,1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet ; m. out July21, 1865; tr. fr. 27th and 76th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, 1865: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered < ut July 21, 1865. Vet.; m.out July 21,1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, as musician. Mustered out July 21, 1865; drafted. Mustered out June 21,1865. Died near S >vannab, Ga., December 18, 1864. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., January 18, 1865. Died at Chattanooga. Tenn., February 19. 1865. Vet.; m. out July 21, 1 865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Yet.; m. • ut July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Yet.: 111. out July 21. 1865: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Did. Vet.; m.out July 21, 1865; tr. tV 27ih and 70th Ind. i\ hi \\ \ \ oil \ ii 1:1; i\ i wti,^ . 357 Namk and Rank. Datr of MUSTKR. Rkmarks. Q ut hrie, David 1? Gentree, Thedrick .) . . . Hays, John B llincher, John Jacobus, Francis Jennings, [saac Jones, Ja ines W Keller, A ndrcw ,1 Keller, M ichael M . . . . Kem p. Ja mes Kilrnan James M Lee, William W McCrea, John M McCoy, Jacob M aratta . John M cG :i lick. ( leorge W.. . McCallister, William. . Murph v. Peter Mills, James W McClintock, Hamilton Moore Byron Maple, Benjamin Norton, Franklin Norton, James 1 1\\ ingS, Luther Orley, Samuel Only, George A Plymate. Charles F Poach, Albert W Parker, .John W Peake, Benjamin F. . . . Pickerall . N icholas. . . . Barrett, Knighton Royce, Weorge Righter, William L.... Rusher, Daniel Rushton, Edward Ragle, Peter Reed, John Rourke, John Stephenson, Joseph ... Smith, Lewis Shelly, Sexon Raj ler, Isaac D Sim monds, Joab Saylor, Benjamin 0. L Spurlin, Ithamar Spurlin, Joshua F Swinford, Joseph Thompson, George W . Talifer. William Vancleiff, John B Vanderwater, Michael Va ubenthusen, Aaron . William*. Andrew J . . . Wa rner, William W . . . A\* ;i 1 r i , Sa inuel J Wolf, Jacob G Whiccan . Berry R Willia n s, Joseph L . . . Williams. Duncan Walker, i leorge W Wil son . James Winslow, Cyrus Wilkinson, Elijah Yc> ng, John Yeary. Ira <4 Y'ane, Benjamin L . . . . Feb. 6, Mar. 22, Jan. 24, Jan. 24, Oct. 13, Oct. 25, Mar. 22, Jan. 24, Jan. 24, (irr. 18, Mar. 6, Sept. 26, Oct. -, S pt. 21, Jan. 24, Jan. 24. Oct. 6. Mar. 11 Mar. 22 Sept. S( pt. 2 Aug. 13 Oct. Oct. Mar. i Mar. 22 Apr. 4 Jan. 24 Mar. 14 Sept. 22 Aug. 13 Nov. 11 Oct. 2(5 Fob. 15 Feb. 15 Mar. 24 Mar. 22 Jan. 24 Sept. 12 Oct. 26 Oct. '24 Oct. 15 Nov. 12 Feb. 26 Oct. I Aug. 13 Aug. 16 Mar 31 Aug. 13 Oct. '27 Jan. 24 Feb. 15 Mar. 9 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Feb. 26 Mar 9 Mar. 14 Mar. 22 Aug. 13 Sept. 22 Sept. 15 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Mar. 11 net. 26 INK, 1865 1864 1864 is,; i 186-1 1865 1861 1864 1*61 1 86 I 1861 1864 1864 1864 [864 , 1865 , 1865 . 1862 , 1864 , 1862 , 1864 , 1864 [865 , 1865 , I8(i - , 1864 , 1865 , 1864 , 1862 , 1861 , 1864 , [865 , 1865 , 1865 , [865 , 1864 , 1864 , 1864 , 1864 , is,; i . 1863 , 1864 , 1865 , 1864 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1861 , 1864 , 1865 , 1865 , 1864 , 1864 , 1861 , 1864 . 1865 , 1862 , 1864 , 1864 , 1865* , 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Vet.; in. out July 21,1865; tr. fr.27th and 70th [nd. Vei .; in . out .1 uly 21 , 1855; tr. fr.27th and Tilth 1 nd. Mustered out July 21, i- Mustered oul July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. dratted. Yet.; m. out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and Tilth I ml. Vet : m.out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, I Mustered out June 21, L865, drafted. Muster, -I out .1 uly 21, 1865. Mustered out August 1, 1865, drafted. Vet.; in. out Aug. 9, 1865; ir. fr. 27tb and 70th In, I. Yet ; m out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th [nd. Mustered oul July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21. 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. M ustered oul J une 21,1- M ustered out J une 21, 1 - Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Savannah, (4a., F< liruary II, Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865, drafted. Died at Lincoln Hospital,]). C, June LO, Vet ; in. out July 21. 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th [nd. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered ou' June 19, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865. M ustered oul -I une 28, 1865, drafted. Mustered out Ju> e 28, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1 Mustered out July 21, 1865. .Mustered out .1 uly 6, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1 Vet.; dis.Mav 23.'65; wds; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 2,1865. Mustered out 'ulv 21, 1865. Mustered out July 25, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 181!=,. drafted. Mustered out June 19, 1865. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June in, 1865. Mustered out June 10, 1865. Mustered Out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 28. 1865. Vet.; m.o.Julv21,'65; tr.from27th and70th Ind. Mustered out July 13, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.; m. o.J uly 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.o.July21,'65: tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. o.July 21, '65; tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, If Mustered out J ulv 21, 1865. Mustered out J ulv 21, I8i Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 21. 1 Mustered out June 21 1865, drafted. Mus'ered out J une 21, 1S65, drafted. Vet.; m. o.June 21, '65; tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet : m.o.Julv21,'65; tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out May 20, 1865, drafted. (17) 258 HISTORY OF Till: THIRTY-THIRD EN LISTED MEN OF COMPANY E. Name and Rank. Date op Muster. Rem irks. First St ryf ant. Kern, John N St rgeants. Paff. Bugh Lankford. William S. Test, Charles S Wallingford, Estes ... Corporals. PottorfiF, John Callihan, .lames 13 Buchanan, Andrew J. Montgomery, John . . . McCray, David Killough, Cyrus Lewis, J: b C Buchanan , Leroy C . . . Musicians . Hendricks, James C . . Lyons, T. V Wagont r. Steele, John R Priva<> s. Asher, William H .... Asher, Henry Boyd, G Beck, James Britton, James C Brown, Henry C Callihan, Michael Chambers, J. (Levi) . Cradic, Henry C Davis, J oseph A Dean, T.J Duncan, Lovd T Dunkin, D. W Dunkin.F.M Dunagan, Charles Dent, J. W Downey. James Edwards, Jonathan . Evans, Thorns D Gibbs, James S Gibbs, Samuel N Gray, David M Given (Gwin), J. F .. Hale, Thomas Hamilton. William T Hendricks, George C Holmes, Joseph A .... Jenkins, Jesse W Keelin, John II Kiveth, Mi-Gil very . . Lankford, John R . . . Little, Joseph T Loucks, James Lyons, Hezekiah H. . Mallory, Charles B . . Majors, Caldwell Miller, Gustavus A.. Moderel.Joh i 11 Monday, V. S Nicholas, William J . Pickering, Charles.. . Pierson, (Jeorgo H ... Price, William Pritchett, Jesse J Richardson, John W Stephenson, M. C. ... Sprat t, John R Taylor, II. A Wallace, J. T Winson, Joseph White, J. A Sept. 26, 1861 Sept. 26, 1861 Oct. 8, 1861 Sept. 21. 1861 Oct. 8, 1861 Sept. 21, 1861 Oct. 8,1861 Sept. 21. 1861 Sept. 21, 1861 Sept. 21, lSiil Sept. 21, 1861 Oct. 1.1861 Oct. 8, 1861 Sept. 21, 1861 Sept. 21, 1861 Sept. 21, 1861 Si'pt. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Oct. Oct. SepE. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sspt. Sept. Sept. Oct. Sept. (let. Sept. Oct. Oct. Sept. Oct. Sept. Sept. Oct. Sept. Sept Sept. Oct. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. Sept. 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 3, 1861 8, 1861 8, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 s, 1861 18, 1861 18, 1861 18, 1861 IS, 1S61 8, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 8, 186] 21, 1861 1, 1861 21, 1861 8, 1861 8, 1861 21, 1861 8, 1861 21, 1861 21, 186] 8, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 8, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1S61 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 21, 1861 8, 1861 21, 1861 Mustered out September 27, 1864. Veteran; mustered out May 21, 1865, as private. Deserted October 21, 1862. Promoted adjutant. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Mustered out, date nut stated. Promoted 2d lieutenant Mustered nut September 19, 1861, as sergeant. Unaccounted for. Discharged, date not stated, wounds. VeWan; mustered out July 21, I860, as private. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 11, 1861. Discharged March 11, 1862, disability. Discharged April 27, 1862, disability. Killed at Thompson St'n,Tenn.,Mar.5.'63,as sergt. Discharged May 24, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1861. Discharged March 11, 1862, disability. Vetera ; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Deserted October 24, 1862. Unaccounted for. Discharged November 24, 1862, disability. vi ustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Lexington, Ky., March 13,1862. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., January 17, 1862. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at London, Ky., November 10, 1861, disease. Died at Annapolis, Md., April 4, 1363, disease. Deserted December 25,1862. Mustered out September 19, 18 14. Veter n: mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged March 11,1862. Died at Lexington, Ky., December 23, 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Vet.; killed near New Hope C, Ga., May 27, '64. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; des rted January 4, 1865. Discharged, general court-martial. April 4.1*62. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., Nov. 16.1861, disease. Discharged October 22. 1862, disability. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; musered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran: promoted 2d lieutenant. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., Dec. 13, 1861, disease. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as corporal. Died at Bridgeport, Ala , August 9, 1864, wounds. Veteran? mu-tered out July 21,1865, as corporal. Discharged March 11.1862; accidental wounds. Died :it Crab Orchard, Ky., Nov. 16, 1861, disease. Promoted adjutant. Veteran: discharged May 24, 1865, disability. Deserted April 2.1862. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 14, 1861. Veteran; mustered out June 16, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1861. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Transferred to V. R. Corps. Discharged November 26. 1862, disability. Discharged January 16, 1863, wounds. Discharged June 29, 186?, disability. i\ in \\ \ \ di.i \ i m 1; i \ i wti:') 259 Name and R i\k. Whidney, Eliaa F Wilhite, Michael Recruits. Acker man, .John Applegate, John M Allen, John J Alverson, William Anderson, James M Barger, Anthony Burton, .lames Brown, Jacob Bright, Milton Blevins, Hiram Baker, David A Bain, George F Brown, Samuel N Buchanan, Joseph T Barrow, Samuel Clark, David S Coryea, Phillip Cochran, Joseph M Cassell, John Cookston, Robert Chambers, Asa Donnerman, August — DutT y, Edward Denham, Richard Davis, Benjamin F Doty, Lewis H Donahoe, John Duncan, Alexander W .. Eckert, Celestine Edson, William A Estes, William Estes, Huston Evans, Samuel A Fletcher, Jesse Fisher, Frank Foolesong, Andrew Ferguson, Thomas Frazier, Edmund Foxworthy, Thomas G. Foster, John H Fox. Eli Gardner, John E Getter, Frederick Gemmer, Andrew Gardner, Denton D Gallagher. John George, William Gurley, lohn T (■}• ecu, James Gordon, William E Hughes, John Ha bison. Andrew J — Holl s, Robert Handy, William Harrison, Waelar Hawkins, Daniel Hammond, Walker Harvey, John Hartman, Francis M . . Hood. John V Hamilton, George A . . . Hood, Marcus L Hood.WyattC Herr, David C Hagart, David M Johnson, Phillip Johnson, Edward W Johnson. Andrew L ... James, William Kemp, Benjamin F. . . . Kemp. David I! Kid well, John F Landsford, John H . . . Lacey, William Lansford, Benjamin F Matthias, Jacob Datk ok MUSTKR. Oct. Oct. B, 1861 s, 1861 Jan Oct. Feb Au Jan Feb. Feb. M a r Feb. Oct. Jan. Oct. Oct. Feb. 24, 1864 25, 1864 10, 1865 26, 1862 Sept. 5, 1862 Mar. 28 1864 24, 1861 13, 1865 21, 1863 22, 1865 23, 1864 Feb. 2 Feb. 2 Aug. 20, 1862 Dec. 5, L863 Jan. 23, 1864 Jan. 28, 1865 April . 1865 June 2, 1863 Aug. 28, 1861 April 5, 1864 Jan. 21, 1864 Jan. 24, 1864 July 1, 1861 Mar. 11, 1865 Mar. 11, 1865 Oet. 10, 1864 Aug. 20, 1862 Jan. 24, 1864 June 4, 1863 Oct. 13, 1H64 14, 1864 13, 1864 IT, 1864 21, 1861 23, 1865 Mar. 27, 1865 Nov. 11, 1861 Aug. 20, 1862 Sept. 21. 1864 Sept. 28, 1864 Mar. 28, 1864 Jan. 21, 1864 Nov. 11, 1864 Feb. 6, 1865 May 30, 1863 Oct. IT, 1861 Sept. 2', ]8IU Sept. 19, 1861 Oct. 2T, 863 June 9, 1863 Oct. 10. 1864 Oct. 26, 1864 Nov. 12. 1864 Nov. 16, 1864 Sept. 26, 1864 Oct. 18, 1864 Feb 15, 1865 July 31, 1863 - ug. 20, 1862 Mar. 27, 1862 Aug. 20, 1862 Aug. 20, 1862 Sept. 28, 1864 Sept. 28, 1864 Feb. 23, 1864 Mar. 8, 1865 Apr. 5, 1865 2 i, 1861 24, 1864 24, 1864 Sept. 2T, 1864 Jan. 24, 1864 Feb. 23, 1864 Oct. 4, 1864 Jan. 24, 1864 Oct. Jan. Jan. Veteran; mustered out July 21,'65, as 1st sergeant. Discharged October 22, 1862; disability. Vet.; m. o.July 21, '65; tr. from 27th andTOthlnd. M ustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Do crted May 25, 1 itute. Died at home I Ictober ', 1864. ,\l ustered out June 22, 1865. Mus. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th ami 70th End. Vet.; in. o.July 21, 1865; tr.lrom 27th and 70th tnd. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. M ustered out J uly 21, 1865, 'halted . Vel : killed at Peach Tree I reek Ga. July! Vet : killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga. July 20, 1864. Veteran; died at Xasln ille, Tenn., April IT, 1864. Dischai ged No\ ember 3, 1864, disability. Dis. Maj IT, 1865; disability; tr. Irom 70th bid. Veteran; mustered oul July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out July 21, 1865 substitute. Mustered out September 30, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Jan. 13, 1865, as corp; tr.fromCo.D. Mustered out June 24, 1865. W.; m.o. July 2l,'65, corp.; tr. f. 27th & 70th Ind. Vel ; m. o.July 21, 1865; tr.from 27th andToth lnd. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out May 20, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mu-tered out July 21, 186-5, substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet.; m. out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, l-6;>, subs itute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Transferred to V. R. Corps December 29. 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, dralted. Muste ed out May 20,1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21. 1865, drafted. Mustered out J uly 21, 1865, substitute. Died in New York April 21, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, drafted. M ustered out June 3d, 1865, drafted. M out Julv 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Tnd. Vet.: in. out July 21, 1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 20, 1865, substi ute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 2!, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. M ustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865, dratted. Mustered out June 22, 1865, dratted. Must red nut Julv 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 19, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, dralted. Muste veil out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, draft d. M ustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out April 24, 186 i. Mustered out June 22, 1864. Mustered out June 22, 1864. Mustered out June 30,1865, drafted. Mustered out June 30, 1865, dratted. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Mustered out July 21, 186ft, substitute. Mustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Mustered out November 4,1864. Vet.; in. out Julv 21, '65: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.: m. out July 21 , '65; tr. fr.27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865; substitute. Vel : m -i. July 2l,'65,as corp.; tr.27th and 70th Ind. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Vet.; diseh'dFeb.9,'65,wds.; tr.27th and 70th Ind. 260 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Date of Mustek. Remarks. McDowell, David Morgan, Allen Miller, William McCracken, Quincy A . . McCalpin, William Moore, Kobert A Marion, Nelson Myrie, John F Michael, George H MoCristle, James O'Brien, William Rich, Reinhart Rattabaugh, John R Rice. Joseph Richardson , John W ... Riddle, William Reynolds, John W Ruprecht, John B Relley, Joseph Sermershein. Franklin. Stringer, George W . Sargaty, William Shields. John B Steel, William H Spears, Isaac Turner, John J Thompson, lames A Tudor. Walker Wentz, Charles A Wall. ice, Ransom H . . .. Weldon, Thomas S Welty, Walter W White, Israel L Wil-on. William R White, David W Apr. Apr. Mar. Mar. Sept. Sept. Mar. Aug. Aug. Mar. Oct. Jan. Feb. Jan. Feb. Mar. Dec. Feb. Jan. •J an . Jan. June Sept. Sept. Sept. Deo. Sept. Sept. Feb. Jan. Jan. Feb. Aug. Aug. Aug. , 1865 , 1861 , 1865 , 1862 , 1864 , 1863 , 1865 , 1862 , 1862 , 1864 , 1864 , 1864 . 1864 , 1864 , 1864 , 1865 , 1863 , 1862 , 1864 , 1864 , 1864 , 1863 , 1862 , 1862 , 1*64 , 186:; , 1862 , 1862 , 1864 , 1864 , 1864 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 13, 1865, drafted. Mu tered out March 16,1865; transferred fr.Co.I. M ustered out August 3, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 12, 1865. M ustered out July 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 30, 1865. Mustered out June 22,1865. Deserted April 30, 1864. Hied at Baltimore, Md., Aug. 12, '65. substitute. Vet.;in.o.July21,'65,as mus.; tr.from 27th&70th,Ind. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.; m. o.July 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th. Ind. Mustered out June 10,1865. Mustered out June 30, 18 5, substi'ute. Mus. out July 21/65; tr. from 70th Ind. as 1st sergt. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet.;m.o.June26,'65,aslst serg.; tr.fr .27th&70thlnd. Vet.; m.o.July21,'65.as serg.; tr. fr .27th & 70th Ind. Vet.; m. o.July 21. '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 24, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr.from 70th Ind. Mustered out June 10, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21. 1865, as sergeant. Vet.; m. o.July 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m o.July 21, '65; tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 20, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1S65, as corporal. Mustered out June 22, 1865. ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY F. Name and Rank. Date of MrsTER. Remarks. First Sergeant. McCullough, William S Si rgeants. McClurkin, James C . McConnell, Robe t F .. Kimball, W.lliam B ... Wheeler, Franklin .... < 'orporals. Hamilton, William G . Harrington, Thomas . . Shannon, Thomas Hubel, Peter Richardson, David L . . Evans, James A MeMast r, Hubert M .. Mclntyre, John F Musician. Howe, Willis Wagoner. Gibson, Thomas M Privati s. Alsop. William Archer, Theodore B . . . . Brunson, Enos Brown, Virgil P Blythe, William H. C .. B gbam, William II Black, Samuel A Bra/.leton, George II Brazleton, James W Barns, Zachariah J Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1-61 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1851 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 16, 1861 L6, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Promoted captain. Promoted ca ptain. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Discharged October23, 1863, disability. . Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Deserted December 1, 1862. Ve'era n; m. out July 21 , 865, as 1st sergeant. Killed at Thompson Station , Term., Mar. 5, 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21 , 1865, as private. Deserted December 1, 1862. I naccounted for. Veteran; promoted sergeant-major. Veteran; discharged .) uno 7, 1865, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Discharged August 9,1862. Vet.; died at P. T.Creek, Ga., July 21, '64, w'ds. hied January 10,1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mus'ered out July 21, 1865 Vetera n: mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 11, 1861. Died at London, Ivy., November 11, 1861. Transferred to V. K. Corps. Veteran; mustered out July 13, 1865. ]\T>I \\ \ VOLTJNTEEE I N F WTKV. 261 Name and Rank. 1>ATK OK Muster. Rk.marks. Bruncr, lteed Burns, Richard V Coleman, William II Coleman, Wesley Cross, Alfred Duncan, Gilbert M Kstes, John M Elwyn, James T F arris, James R G ross, Alfred Greer, Andrew Garrison, Chesley F Grigsby. Francis M Griffin, William II Hickrod, Henry C Hooper, Otto W Hill, Henry J Hesli, John F Hall. Thomas J Houseman, Charles Hardin, John Holland, Maston Jones, Charles Jones, Andrew Kennerly, Daniel Keeler. George W Kirk, David H Logan, William Logan, Henry Lindsay. William Legier, William L Morton, Robert M M ungavin, Andrew Mowry, James S Mclntyre, Irelius McReynolds. Felix G. ... McDonald, Henry McWilliims, William B. McClure, Joseph D Montgomery, William T McKissick, William K . McKissick.John M Milburn, Samuel Myriek, John W Martin. David R Mills, George McFetridge, James F — Madison, John O'Brien, John Polk, Irwin C Polk, William F Pearce, William B Pearce, David H Robb, David P Roseborough, William S. Rourke. Peter Richardson, William W.. Stormont, Gavin M Shewmaker, Samuel Simpson, Jacob Simpson, William A Strain, Samuel Spill man, James C Taylor, James W Townsend, William E — Turpin, Francis. Vancampen, William II. Vancarnpen, Lewis H... Virden, William Vickers, James P Weisgerber, William — Woods, Wilson Williams, William H 11 Wallace, Theodore W... Recruits. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Killed at Culp's Farm, Ga., June 22, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered oul July 21, 18 5. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sept . 16, lSlil I liseharged at Savannah, Ga., 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as '-orporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Mount Vernon. Ky., December 22, 1861. Sept. 16, 1861 Transferred to58th Indiana. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Christiana, Tenn., 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged May 20, 1863, disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged April 25, 1*63. disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out duly 21, 1865. Sept. L6, 1861 Veteran; transferred to V. It. Corps, April 1,1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Killed at Peach Tree Creek, (la., July 20, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out .Inly 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustc ed out June 15, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn., March 5,1863. Sept. lti, 1861 Died January 3, 1862. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 17, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Mt. Vernon, Ky., December 9, 1861 . Sept. 16, 1861 Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Sept.16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out November 22, 1864. Sept.16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; died July 21, 1864, wounds. Sept.16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Unaccounted for. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., November 29, 1861. Sept.. 16, 1861 Deserted October 27, 1862. Sept 16,1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; died August 16, 1864, -wounds. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September lit, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept 16,1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Discharged October -.1862 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, ist», as wagoner. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16. 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept 16.1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept.16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Died at Mt. Vernon, Ky., December 16, 1861. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Sent. 16, 1861 Veteran; died July 28, 1864, wounds. Sept 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sent. 16, 1861 Mustered out September lit. 1864. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; transferred to V. It. Corps, June 2, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Deserted October 31, 1862. Sept 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; discharged November 9, 1864, disability. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept 16,1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 6, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; died July 2, 1864, wounds. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21,1865. Sept 16,1861 Veteran: mustered out July 21, 18n->. Sept 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Sept 16,1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as corpora . Sept' 16, 1861 Veteran; musteredout July 21,1865, as corporal. Asbury, Daniel Anderson, Albert F. Brunson, Aaron Buyrs, James Mar. 9, 1865 Mar. 8, 1865 Nov. 18, 1863 Mar. 11, 1865 Mustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Deserted June 16, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 2ut July 21, 1865, substitute. M ustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Deserted June 18, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th lnd. Mustered outJuly21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 13, 1865, substitute. Mustered out J uly 13, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 13, 1S65, drafted. Transferred to Co. II . Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mutered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Died September, 19, 1864. Mustered out June 21, 1865, as musician. Deserted June 25, 1865. Mustered out June 10,1865. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 25, 1865. Must. Ted out May 31, 1865. Mustered out July 21. 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Deserted June 16, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 5, 1865: tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 1864. Mustered out July 2, 1865, substitute. M ustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Discharged March 6, 1865, wounds. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21,1865. Died December 7, 1864. EX LISTED MEX OF COMPANY G. Namr and Rank. Date op Muster. Remarks. First Sergeant. Boone, William H . . Sergeants. Bettz, Isaac J Helman. Samuel D. Nokes, George Hughes, James Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Corporals. 'Williamson, Thomas Deegan, John Malum, James Pierce, Charles II Newman, Frederick. Horton. Augustine J Craig, Robert B Jones, Charles Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Promoted 2d lieutenant. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as private. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died April 12. 1863, disability. Veteran; mus. out July 3, '65 as quar'mas. sergt. Veteran; discharged November 23, 1864, wounds. Veter n; mus. out July 3, 1865, as prin. musician. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. I\ Dl \\ \ V0L1 \ i i ri; in FANTRY. 263 Namk and Hank. Datb of M I .-I I K. Remarks. Muaicians . Spinner, Charles E Utiles, Richard M . . II agon* r, Owens, Andrew J. . Privati 9. Anthon, Tenie 0. J Angerman, Frederick Abbott, Melville B Anderson , J a mes Buxton, William F Borard, George M Bickcrtun, Elias T Barnhart, Phillip Bryant, Bei jam in F Burke, Charles M Burke, Ja mes BettS, Samuel M Barnhart, I >avid Biekerton, John A Craig, David W Cox, John Carlisle.Jaines M[Joseph] Davis, Ilaly D Duty, Matthew C Dolsby, Martin Eberts. Benjamin F Ford, Stephen Fowler, Theophilus Fisher, David Griffith, PriceF Hubbard, Joshua Hubbard, Isaac N Hiekenbottom, Richard. . Hodler, Samuel Hendrieks, Thomas A Hornback, William Horn back, Henry Hornback. James Harnlar, John Jones, Benjamin F Kalar, Adam King. James 1-ee, William Lazzell, Eli Lawliss, James C Laforee, John Lacy, Lewis A Mayhall, Samuel Maherter, John Meyers, George McCarty, Dennis Miller, James Marlett, Samuel Marlett, Jared Nolting, Henry C Nolting. Charles Owens, George W 'J wens, John II Owens, Benjamin F... O'Flannigan, Patrick. Roberts, John Reynolds, Robert Sharp, Daniel II Sharp, William II Sears, William E Spinner, George Sims, ( llonicus N Sawyer, Solomon Tilden, Bradford N.... Tolan, William Tolan, John Tevay, Williamson T.. Wofford, Jacob Wycoff, Nicholas AValters, John E Wineke, Albert Wagoner, Henry Sept. 16, is 1 Sept. 16, L861 Sept. 16, L861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. lti, 1861 Sept. 16, L861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. Id, 1861 Sepl. 16, 1861 Sept. It',, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. L6, 1861 Sept. lti, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. It'., 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. lti, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 186] Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 i^ept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 186] Sept. 16, 1S61 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. I Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16. 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. ll Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 1 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. It!, 186] Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, L861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 18€5. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21, I- Vet.; died nr. Ken'saw M., Ca., June 16, '61, w'ds. \ eteran; mustered out July 21, 18(5. Transferred to V. It. Corps. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Died July 18, 1863. Deserted December 6, 1862. Deserted December 6, 1862. Vet.; killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20,'64. I nat'countetl for. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, I860, as sergeant. Deserted December 6, 1862. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal Died atCrab Orchard. Ky., Dec. 17, 1861, disease. Discharged May 8, 1862. Died at Savannah, (Ja., February 11, 1865 Killed at Altoona, Ga., May 27,1864. Discharged April 7, 1863, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Deserted April 4, 186'. Discharged October 23, 1862. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., Dec. 27. 1861, disease. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Unaccounted for. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, ag corporal Mustered out September 21, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Discharged October 23, 1862. Veteran: mustered out July 21,1865. Deserted December 6. 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Deserted September — , 1861. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out Julv 21, 1865. Discharged August 18, 1862, disability. Discharged October 23, 1862. Discharged October 2."., 1862. Discharged October 23, 1862. Mustered out September It), 1864. Discharged July 31, 1862, accidental wound. Discharged July 31, 1862. Died at Lexington, Ky., January 28, 1862, disease. Discharged, accidental wound — loss of hand. Mustered out September 19,1864 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as sergeant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergt. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1st;;,. Veteran; died in Andersonville prison, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as musician. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 20, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Drummed out of the service December 31, 1861. Disci arged July 31, 1862. M ustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Discharged October 23,1862. Mustered out September 19,1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn.,March5, 1863. 264 II [-TORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Namk and Rank. 1>atr OK Muster. Remarks. Williams Robert . . Wayte, William D. Wilson, Charles ... Recruit x. Anderson, Milton Ac iril, George W Awald, Valentine Brown, Isaac J Blue, William J Bailey, Elisha Baxter, Leonidas Boone, Homer Brown, William G Bailey, William Coffee, Robert W Caywood, John W Carlisle, Joseph I>udley, George W Estept, . I esse Edwards, William Elkins. Robert Fred, Francis M Fletcher, Samuel Gardner, Marshall Grey, John Goldsmith, James L. . . Goff. Daniel Gaither, Bazil L Howell, Emery Hill. nan, Noah P Hill, Cyrus Hornback, Abraham .. Hunter, Daniel Hester, Joseph H Halfacre, William Jacobs, Peter D Johnson, Edward W.. . King, Joseph Kerr, John M Lane, James A Lee, Elihu Lansing, Arastus Lavman, Alfred Leffler, Charles Lucky, Willis Linsey.Levi J Layman, John Mason, John Myer, Henry Moore, Samuel C Maranda. William McConnell. Wilson . ... MeCalif, William Moody, James M Mullen, Homer W McKee, David H McCay, Abner McFarren, James L . . . McDonnell, John W .. . Mansfield. John W .... McCay, John McLaughlin, Thomas McAnally, John Neadham, Peter Neadham. Lewis J . . . Neat, William Overly, Ezra Perley, William Phillip, David C Piercefield, George W Piercefield, Gilbert B Prosser, Geary Rood.Zachariah Rice, John Reynolds, John Stewart, John F •Studivant, John Thompson, John H. .. Whalin, Thomas Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Mar. 4 Apr. 5 .Mar. -I Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Apr. 6 Mar. 30 Mar. 14 Jan. 6 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Jan. 23 Apr. 6 Mar. 12 Feb. 23 Sept. 30 Mar. 9 Mar. 6 Jan. 24 Mar. 4 Mar. 6 Mar. 22 Aug. 29 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Mar. 3 Dec. 5 Mar. 22 Sept. 11 Sept. 19 Jan. 24 Mar. 8 April 5 Jan. 24 Oct. 26 Oct. 26 Feb. 21 Mar. 9 Mar. 6 Sept. 26 Nov. 12 Nov. 11 Nov. 3 Sept. 12 Oct. 26 Sept. 26 Feb. 11 Mar. 9 Feb. 14 Oct. 25 Oct. Aug Aug Oct. Oct. Jan, Mar. 16 Oct. 26 Sept. 26 Apr. 4 Sept. 20 Mar. 4 Aug. 15 Aug. 15 Jan. 24 Jan. 24 Sept. 25 Aug. 15 Jan. 24 Mar. 21 Jan. 24 Sept. 5 1865 1865 1865 1861 1864 1864 1865 1862 ls.r, 1865 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1864 1864 1865 1865 1864 1865 1865 1865 1862 1861 1864 1865 1861 1865 1862 1861 1861 1865 1865 1861 1862 ism 1865 1865 ISlio 1S64 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1864 1864 1862 1862 1861 1864 1861 1865 1861 1864 1865 18(54 1865 ] 862 1862 1864 1864 1862 1862 1864 1862 1864 1862 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out. July 21, 1865, substitute. Deserted June 30, 1865, substitute. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Yet; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. .Mustered out April 12,1865. Deserted June 30, 1865, substitute. Deserted June 30, 1865, substitute. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65; tr. tr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th ind. Veteran; died at Savannah, Ga., February 14, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Veteran; mustered nut June 30, 1865. Vet.; died at Ken nesawM't'n, June 24, '64, wounds. Mustered out June 22, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Vet.; m. out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 12, 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 22, 1S65. Mustered out J une 22, 1865, drafted. Vet.; m. out July 21, '65, tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Vet.; m.out July 21, '65, tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 29, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 8, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 8, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 8, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 8, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 8, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 8, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 8, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 8, 1865, substitute. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Dec. 31, '64, drafted. Died at Chattanooga, Tenn., Feb. 11, 1865, sub. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 1, 1865, drafted. Discharged May 1, '65, disability; tr. fr. 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 22,1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Veteran; discharged May 29, 1865. Vet.; m out July 21. '65: tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Vet; m. out June 21, '65; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Killed May 28. 1864, by sharpshooter. Vet.; m.out July 21. '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out June 22, 1865. I\ in \\ \ \ i M.I NTEEB I \ I' LNTR"5 . 265 Name and Rank. DK COMPANY H. Name and Rank. First Sergi ant. Whitesett, Andrew J. Sergeants. Slough, JohnT Goble, Joseph Kennedy, William W Parr, James B ( 'orporals. Collier, Richard Weddle, Harman Kennedy, Benjamin D Johnson. Peter l'arr, William L Baker, Wiley B Bragg, John R Lata ver, Abraham E.. Musicians. Fox worthy, Jefferson 11 1\>\ worthy, Phillip E ... Wagoner. Sailors, Ilarrison Privates. Asher, Dillian Baker, Harvey Baker, Isaac N Baker, Hardin M Baker, Andrew J Burton, Joseph Burpo, Jesse B Bastian, Henry A Bastian, Pinkney G Burkhart, John R Burkhart, Henry Burkhart, William Brick, James A Bragg, Hugh T Bennett, Patrick Boss, Solomon K „ Childers. William J Collier, James H Collier, Henry Elenger, George Filer, Caleb Farr. Nathan L Goble, Rufus E Goble, Lewis Gill, George Gill, Charles Guy, James L (4 oss, Lafayette Hollar, George A Hacker, William Handy, Albert Hamilton, George C Jarrett, Benjamin Johnston, Asa Kirby, Hannibal H Kimbal, Elijah Knight, Elijah Knight, Samuel P Lee, William Lee, John C Lafaver, .Daniel Datk of Muster. Remahks. Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 29, 1861 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. t"'ept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sent. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 26, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 29, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 22, 1861 20, 1861 28, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Discharged October 2: J ., 1862, disability. Promoted captain. Died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., August 23, 1862. Mustered out September 19,1864. Mustered out September 21, 1864, Discharged February 11, 1865, wounds. Discharged March 1. 1862, disability. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged « tctober 23, 1863, disability. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn., March 5, '63. M ustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19,1864. Discharged April 23, 1863, as drum major. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Discharged November 26, 1862, disability. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 13, 1861. Discharged September 11, 1863, wounds. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19,1864. Discharged December 28, 1862, disability. Discharged April 8, 1863. Died at Crab Orchard, Ivy.. December 1, 1861. Veteran; died at Resaca May 15,1861, wounds. Promoted rir.-t lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1861. Deserted at Indianapolis. Ind., December — , 1861. Mustered out September 28, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; promoted second lieutenant. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out, date not stated. Mustered out September 17, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Died; date not stated, wounds. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as sergeant. Mustered out, date not stated. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered cut September 19, 1S64. Discharged October 23, 1862. Discharged Mayl, 1862. Vet.: killed in S. Carolina, Feb. 2, '65, by enemy. Mustered out September 19, 1864, as wagoner. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. I Mustered out September 19, 1864. 266 111 -LORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Namk and Rank. D KTK op Mustek. Remarks. Li vling, Michael Miller, John I» Miller, Peter C May, Alvin D Pierson, Perry Plain, Martin A. H. . . Ruckle, Samuel D.... Russell. Owen J Rahm, Jacob Sa inly, John Stickley. Henry H Spiers, Reuben Spiers, (Jranvil Sterewalt, Hezekiah.. Taylor, John R Tacket, Thomas Thompson, Samuel D Wert, James R. | H] . . Willson, Robert G Wallace. Alexander.. Young, Hanibal Recruits. Adams, Charles W ... Adams, Joseph R Aspy, Benjamin F Anderson, Frank Ansom, Silas Bailey, Willis R Bridwel!, Stephen Burns, John Bowen, Francis W Brown, Sherman Buell.Calvm W Bannin, Napoleon Bennett, Martin Buckley, Patrick Baffin, Henry A Brewer, Henry Brown, William C Byrd.Elza Bastian, Meade Brewer, James II Barns, John Bailey, John F Bosell, Stephen P Burton, Samuel G Baker, James H Bowman, Florentine . Baty, Martin Bennett, William M.. Cummins, James Collier, Johnson Collier, David Canness, Joab Clossen , Crayden Costy, George Clark, John Cutler, Leslie G Collier, Joel E Campbell, Francis H. Cochran, Daniel Crum, Peter Denny, John Darst, Jonathan H . . . Dumpka, Jacob F Domkie, Frederick... Dowdle, Robert Devon, Francis L Donnhoe, John Davis, John W Flder, John Easter, William D.... Faster, Isaac II Egant, Frederick Evans. Thomas Fair, Benjamin F Fox, Patrick Fletcher, Caleb Fair, Thomas J Oct. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Oct. St pt. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept . Sept. Sept. Sept. 3, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 28, 1861 16, 1861 3, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 29, 1861 16, 1861 Mar. 3, Mar. 3, Mar. 13, Oct. 4, Sept. 26, Jan. 5, Dec. 21, July 21, June 9, Oct. 24, Oct. 24, Oct. 20, Oct. 23, Nov. 11, Feb. 23, Feb. 16, Mar. 8, Mar. 3, Mar. 10, Feb. 12, Sept. 24, Sept. 26, Apr. 30, Aug. 13, Apr. 13. Oct. 26, Mar. 7, Feb. 12, Mar. 14, Apr. 30, Sept. IT, June 9, Mar. 13, Feb. 14, Oct. 10, Nov. 17, Apr. 13, Oct. 26, Sept. 26, Mar. 22, Mar. 3, Nov. 12, Oct. 28, Oct. 26, Apr. 6. Apr. 7, Sept. 24, Sept. 26, Mar. 2, Aug. 17, Aug. 23, Oct. 25, Nov. 12, June 3, Apr. 5, Aug. 23, Apr. 13, 1864 1S64 D65 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 186.', 1S67, 1865 1862 1864 1--64 1864 1862 1862 1864 1865 1862 1864 1864 1862 LSI '2 1865 1865 1861 1864 1862 1864 1864 1865 1S64 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1st ',4 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1865 1864 1S62 Discharged May 20, 1863, disability. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged March 17, 1865, disability. Mustered out tept in l.er 28, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Discharged April 7, 1863, disability. Mustered out f eptember 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged October 22, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died at Lexington, Ky., March 28. 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corpo'al. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19. 1864. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 8,1861. Des. rted September IS, 1861. Veterai ; mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out September 28,1864. Discharged October 23, 1862. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Jnd. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, draited. Mustered out June 22, 1865, draited. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 28, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 28, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 28, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 19, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, sub titute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Vet.; killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, '64. Died at Jeffersonville, Ind., February 6, 1865. Mustered out May 20, 1865, substitute. Discharged June 7, 1865, wounds. Mustered out June 21. 1865. Mustered out April 12, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1865, drafted. Deserted June 28, 1865. Veteran; promoted quartermaster sergeant. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out May 22, 1865. Muste ed out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1S65, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865. Mustered out April 12, 1865. Mustered out July 1, 1S65, drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. Deserted June 27, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 13,1865. Mustered out September 15, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 21,1865, drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 12, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 13. 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 26, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Killed in S. Carolina, Feb. 2, 1865, by the enemy. Mustered out April 12, 1865, as sergeant. IN 1)1 \N \ \'ol.l \ CEEB I N I LNTEY. 267 Name and Rank. D ATR OF MlSTKR. Remarks Gaskins, Thomas P... Goble, James Goble, William J Huffman, .lames Bardesty, Lafayette. . Hale, William Hosea . Erastua Houston, John Harvey, John Holler, Andrew .lone-, Henry Jarrett, Benjamin Jones, John C Kegley, William II ... Keliu, Matthew Linty, Isaac Long, Prettyman 11 . . La la \ ers, Samuel Laller, Isaac J Lee, Hiram S Lewis, Joseph Majors, Ja mes Moffitt, William C... Matsinger, John Martin, Jerrod .1 M.Daniel. John Miller, Phineas Mil llerney, John Myers, Jacob Miller, William Newborn, Jacob Patrick, William Plnmmer, Isaac Phillips, John W Rush, Henry C Reynolds, John T Rice, William Steers, James Simmons, Nathan 'C. . Stierw It, Jasper Short, Ransom R Spires, Valentine Sheets, Stephen Tacke't, Nowell Tackett, James M Thatcher, Jonathan . . Tackett. John N Taylor, Thomas Thompson, Jefferson. AVilson, Charles F.... Weddle, John M Went, James II White, John J Worley, Josiah Weaver, Isaac Wright, William ier, Charles Yount, George W Yount, Daniel Yount, Joseph Nov. Hi, I Sept, i , Oct. 4, Oct. I. Oct. 6, Oct. 6, Mar. 16, Feb. 15, Apr. 3, Sept. 28, Feb. 23, Mar. 22, Apr. 5, June 9, Oct. 30, Apr. 13, May 3, Sept. -I, Feb. 12, July 13; Apr. 6, Mar. 22, Apr. 13, Oct. 26, Oct. 14, Apr. 13 Sept. 20. Feb. 23. Nov. L Apr. 13 Oct. 25 Mar. 22. June 5, Sept. 20 Apr. 5 Mar. 22. Oct. 21) Kept: 24, Apr. 13; Oct. 27 June 9 Feb. 23, Oct. 24 Oct. 20 Aug. 20 Aug. 20 Feb. 12 Feb. 12 June 9 Mar. 22 Oct. 4 Feb. 15 Oct. 31 Sept. 30 Aug. 25 Oct. 30 Sept. 15 1864 Mastered out July 5, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. 1862 Mustered out June 21, 18(35. 1864 .Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 1864 Mustered out Julj 21. 1865, substitute. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865, dialled. Mustered out J ulv 21 . 1865, drafted. 1861 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865. substitute. 1862 Mustered out March 27. 1864 Mustered out June 10,1865. 1861 Mustered oul September 28,1864. Deserted June 27, 1865. 1865 Mustered out July 8. 1865, drafted. 1865 Mustered out July 13, 1865. 1865 M ustered out July 13, 1865, substitute. 1863 Killed in S. Carolina, Feb.2,1865, by the enemy. 1861 Mustered out October 29, 1864, as corporal. 1862 Mustered out April 12, 1865. 1864 Discharged May 20, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. 1862 Mustered out June 21, 1865. 1862 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. 18R3 Mustered out July 21, 1865. 1865 Mustered out July 21,1865, drafted. 1865 Mustered out July 21,18 5. drafted. 1862 Mustered out April 12, 1865, as corporal. 1864 Mustered out July 1. 1865, drafted. 1864 Mustered out May 31, 1865. 1862 Mustered out April 12, 1865. 1864 Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 1862 Mustered out April 12, 1865. 1864 Mustered out July 1,1865. 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865. 1863 Must'd out June 16,'65, as corporal; tr.fr. 85th Ind. 1862 Mustered out J une 21, 1865, as musician. 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 1865 Mustered out Jul v 21, 1865, drafted. 1864 Mustered out July 21,1865, substitute. 1864 Mustered out June 21, 1865, drafted. 1862 Mustered out April 12, 1865. 1864 P eserted J une 27, 1865, drafted. 1863 Mustered out July 21,1865. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergeant. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 1S64 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. 1862 Mustered out June 21 , 1865. 1862 Mustered out June 21, 1865. 1862 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. 1862 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. 1863 Mustered out July 21, 1865. 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. 1864 Mustered out July 51.1865, substitute. 1862 Mustered out March 27, 1865, as corporal. 1861 Mustered out October 9. 1S64. 1864 Mustered out June 21, 1865, substitute. 1864 Mustered out July 21, 1865. 1861 Mustered out October 29, 1864. 1862 Mustered out June 21, 1865. ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY I. Name and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. First Sergeant. Crisler, Jesse L Sergeants. Hanson, Clinton M. J . Porter, Charles H Painter, Christopher C Woehler, William C ... Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Promoted 2d lieutenant. Mustered out September 19,1864. Promoted adjutant. Vet.; killed at Peach T. Creek, (ia., July 20, 1864. Discharged January 26, 1863. 268 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Datb of Muster. ( Corporals. Wallace, Henry A Hitcbborn, Alonzo Higgins, Richard H — Luckenbach, Julius B.. Crisler, Jacob F Trisler, Logan Owens, William H Rhinesmith, Charles . .. Musicians. Miller, William Castell, Hainan Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1 s 'il Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Remarks. Sept. 16, 1861 Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergeant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Died September 2d. 1st;.'. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Mustered out September 19,1864. Died December 9, 1861. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 30, 1861. Deserted June 25. 1862. Wagoner. Graham, Ananias Privates. Aspy, John Alexander, Duncan Atkinson, Isaac II Bauer, Frederick Beck , Frederick Brendle, Charles T Burcham, Hilry L Benham, Edwin Ben ham, Dempster B.. Brown, Thomas Brewer, Warner Bumpass, Gabriel Butner, John H Carter, Joseph Casteel, William Cook, Harrison E Crouch, John Christman, Henry Crist, Henry H Christison, David Cheever. Abner Drake, Joel Eastman, Matthew II. Earnest, Horatio Elliott, Samuel Foller, Benedict Fry, Pleatus Fisher, Joshua Gentry, Western Hertel, Thomas A Harral, Thomas H Harra, Thomas H ornaday , John Holder, Henry J Holder, Lewis Holder, George W Ingran.Hilbut Knotts, William Kile, John Lawless, John Lehman, Rhineholph,. Maupin, Richard Maupin, Joseph W Miller, Jesse B Miller, Walter F Miller, Gustavus Miller, Robert Miller, George Murphy, David Mobley, John Mobley, Elijah B McKinney, Bedford .. Newton, John Patzal, William Phole, Charles R Robertson, John A Redd, Mortica Rominger, Thomas H — Rominger, William A — Boss, Samuel Sept. 16, 1861 Rothrock.John Sept. 16, 1861 Rothrock, Henry ' Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. lti, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept, 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept, 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept, 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept, 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept, 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Mustered out September 19, 1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. 1). in reb. prison at Bristol, Va., Mar. 16, '63, w'ds. Veteran; discharged June 7, 1865, disability. Deserted December 3, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. D. in reb. prison, Columbia,Tenn.,Apr.l,'63,w ds. Discharged June 6, 1863. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; killed at Gulp's Farm.Ga., June 22,1864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged March 10, 1865, wounds. Discharged October 21, 1862. Discharged May 25, 1863. Discharged June 10,1862. Mustered out September 19,1864. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 5, 1861. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged December 19, 1864. Voteran: mustered out July 21, 186">. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., Dec. 28, '61, ac. wounds. Vet.; killed at. Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 65. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Died in Libby Prison, Rich., Va., June 12/63, wd s. Veteran: mustered out July 21,1865. Deserted January—, 1863, returned March—, 1864. Veteran; died at Madison, Ind., Feb. 11, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Deserted December 22, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Transferred ti V. R. Corps. Discharged March 26, 1862. Vet.; died Nashville. Tenn., Nov. 1, 1864, wounas. Discharged October 21, 1862. Veteran: mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 18b5. Vet,; died at Chattanooga, Tenn., July 7, 64, wds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Vet.; killed at Peach Tree Creek, Ga., July 20, 64. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Deserted November 3, 1862. Discharged October 21, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, I860. Discharged October 23, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Deserted July 20, 1862. Mustered out September 19, 1864. ,,.,-»« Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn., March 5, 1863. Discharged August 19,1862. Discharged August 21, 1862. Promoted hospital steward. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as sergeant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. in im \x \ \ oi.i \n:i:i; INFANTRY. 269 Name and R ink. Reed, William B Rhoads, Homy 11 Reese, Amos Scudder, Louis C. Sanders, Edward Shore, Simon 15 Simmons, Thomas II , Simmons, John W Sink, Franklin Stater, Leander Stein, John Stearns, Philander F. Spear, John S Thomas, Reuben F . .. Vogler, William White, Shubal C Widner, Samuel Wiley, John Wyneoop, (George G.. . Wyneoop, John Bi cruiis. Alexander, Albert W. . . Adams, Sidney Baker, John F Bittrick, Charles Beardsley, William Brown, Cyrus Burket.Elias J Burt. John A Bowers, Samuel Baker, John Bailey, William Buckner, •) ohn <1 Brown, Seth Collins, Matthias B Chandler, William Crouch, Moses D Cheever, James II Crouch, James A Christopherson, Cris'n. Cloud, Romulus Kssex, Julius Fleehr, John Fawley , Joseph Gardner, Allen Greschweank, Albert .. Halm John Hawkins, Thomas P. . . . Hardin, James T Harper, Jefferson Hiatt.John D Hall, John P Jackson, Alfred Kendall, William F ... Kyle. Samuel Koocher, Sebastian .... Lobach, Jonas Leak, Ja mes M Leak, Charles Leak, Dav d V Loback. Elijah McCracken, Quincy — Morley, Harris M Miller, John A Mesler, George S Miller. John W Miller, Jame« W Miller. Martin IT Nickerson, James Newborn, William Owens, John Q Regnier, p e ter J Runnels, Thomas Raney, William S Rothrock, Christian... Scudder. Lyman Snyder, Charles F Stafford, Amaziah I) \ i K OF MUSTKR. Rem \kks. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Feb. Mar. Aug. Aug. Jan. Dec. Aug. Mar. Mar. Apr. Jan. 16. 18(11 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 L6, U61 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 it;, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 1865 1865 1862 1862 1861 1S63 1862 1862 1*62 lN.il 1865 Oct. Aug. Dec. Feb. May 1864 1862 1863 1863 1864 Mar. Mar. 1865 1865 Sept. 20, 1861 Mar. 22, 1865 F. b. 23, 1863 Mar. 11, 1865 Apr. 4, 1S65 June 6, 1863 Jan. 24, 1864 June 4, 1864 Feb. 23, 1865 Aug. 15. 1862 Mar. 7, 1865 Aug. 15, 1862 June 4, 1863 Mar. 15, 1865 Aug. 15, 1862 Mar. i Feb. 23, 1865 Mar. 8, 1865 Aug 15, 1862 April 12, 1862 Feb. 12. ism Aug. 15, 18H2 Jan. 24. 1864 Feb. - Mar. 22. 1865 Feb. 27. 1864 Mar. 17, 1862 Mar. 6, 1865 2, 1863 Mar. 14, 1865 Feb. 2:;. 1865 Mar. 4, 1865 Dee. 2, 1863 Oct. 29, 1863 Aug. 15, 1862 Oct. 3, 1864 Scott, Reuben M Feb. 23,1865 Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Discharged March 10, 1862. Died No> ember 3,1861 , wounds. V ; died at i hattanooga.Tenn .July 15,1864,w'ds. Discharged October 2::, 862. Veteran: in 11 -t ere I out July 21 , 1865. Vet.; killed at Peach TreeCreek,Ga.,July20,l864. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Discharged March 15, 1865. V.; killed at New Hope Church, Ga., May 25,1864. Hid October 22, 1861. Mustered out September 11', 1864. Killed at Wild Cat, Ky., October 21, 1861. Veteran; died July 20, 1864. wounds. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Deserted Dec ber 27, 1862. Deserted April 12, 1862. Drum'd out of sen ice, Lexington, Ky., Apr. 12, '62. Mustered out July 3, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 3. 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out June 21, l>-65. Mustered out July 3, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. hied April 12,1863. Mustered out July 10,18i Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 13, 1865. M ustered out .1 uly 21, 1865, substitute. Deserted June 27. 1865. substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 10, 1865. Mustered out July 21. 1865. M ustered out J ulv 3, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. I'eserted June 1, 1864. Mustered out July 21 , 1S65. substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute Deserted January 19,1863. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out July 7, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, sub-titute. Mustered out. July 26, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865 Must out Julv 25, 186".: tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21,1865, drafted. Deserted Julv 12, I Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 21,1865. Musten d out J uly 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21. I860, substitute. Discharged May 20, 1863. wounds. Mustered out J uly 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21. 1865, drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Discharge 1 April 8,1863. Transferred to Company E. February 3.1864. Must, out September 30, 1865; tr. from 70th lnd. Promoted second lieutenant. Mustered out Julv 19, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21. 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. drafted. Died at Nashville. Tenn., November 22, 1864. Veteran; mustered out July 21, l Vi Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Hied July 14, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. .Mustered out June 21. 1865. Mustered out July 21, If Mustered out July 21, I860, drafted. 270 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. Stewart, Robert Strack, Phillip Skeen, Samuel F — Steward, William .. Swasick, James C. .. Smith, Hamilton . . . Thomas, George Thayer, Samuel A . . Thomas, James Taylor, Fernando .. Turner, George H . Teague, William H . Triiler, Lafayette .. Taylor, lieorge W . . Tinker, Jonathan .. Thompson, Samuel . Underhill, Alfred... Vaight, Charles H .. Vancannon, Elias .. Warner, Decatur . . . Woehle, Julius H... Wilson, William.... Wilson, Lindley Winslow, John Wyccoff, Nicholas .. Weinck, Napoleon. Walker, William N. West, James H Zimmerman, John . Oct. Oct. Sept. Jan. Oct. Sept. Feb. Aug. Feb. Oct. Oct. Oct. Aug. Oft. Mar. Mar A ug Sept Mar Aug Oct. Sept Sept Feb. Mar Apri Feb 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 1864 1862 1862 1864 1864 1864 1864 1862 1864 1865 1865 1862 1864 1862 1862 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1805 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Musteied out June 30, 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 30, 1865, drafted. Mustered out August 2, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, substitute. Mustere 1 out July 21, 1865, drafted. Veteran; discharged June 14, 1865, as corporal. .Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out June 30, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 10, 1865. substitute. Mustered out June 30, 1865, substitute. Died July 21, 186 i. Died at Louisville, Ky., June 23, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 12, 1865. Mustered out June 19, 1865, drafted. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 18-5, as musician . Mustered out June 21, 1865. Mustered out as prisoner of war, — ,'65, substitute. Mustered out June 16, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out June 30, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1S65. Mu-tered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1862. ENLISTED MEN OF COMPANY K. Name and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. First Sergeant. Slauter, J, hn W Sergeants. Crow, Walter H Graves, Thomas Owens, William W Miller, James G Corporals. Burrows, John W Goodwine, John Q Beymer, William Nodurft, William Keifer, Julius Clark, Davis S Bonebrake, Frederick W Parker, Hiram V Musicians . Ransom, Reuben R Tyler, Orla H Wagoner. Suddith, Tandy Privatt s. Aldridge, Madison Austin, Samuel Bert, William II Boardman , Deloss Bush, David Clafflin, h'dward W Clark, Theodore Coffinberry, George Compton, Seth C Conner, William H Dell, Thomas Dickenson, Thomas G. . . Dickenson, William T. .. Dowler, Irwin Draper, John W Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. 16, 186] Oct. Oct. 5, 1861 5, 1861 Sept. 16, 1861 Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept . Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sept. Sect. Sept. Sept. 20, L861 16, 1861 21, 1861 16, 1861 20, 1861 2(i, 1861 16, 1861 20, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 23, 1861 16, 1861 23, 1861 16, 1861 16, 1861 Promoted 2d lieutenant. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Promoted 2d lieutenant. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as private. Unaccounted for. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1835. Veteran; died at Savannah, Ga., March 1, 1865. Unaccounted for. Promoted 1st lieutenant. Died, date not sta'ed, wounds. Veteran; transferred to Company E Mustered out September 19, 1864, as corporal. Veteran; mustered out July 21, '65, as prin. mus. Appointed principal musician. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent without leave. Discharged April 15, 1802, disability. Died at Lexington, Ky., January 28, 1862. Died at Crab Orchard, Ky., December 2, 1861. Deserted November 29, 1862, as of Company E. Mustered out September 19, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Died at LeKinuton, Ky., December 11, 1861. Discharged October 23, 1802, disability. Deserted December 9, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 2', 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Deserted as of Co. E, November 29, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865, as corporal. Unaccounted for. Killed at Thompson Station, Tenn., March 5, '63. Indian \ \ oi. i \ti:i:i; i\ i \\ n;v. Namk anp Hank. Datk "i MUSTKR. Remarks. Erwin, Andrew Evans, Henry II B\ ans, Evan Ewing, Smiley Parmer, William D Finney, Michael Ford, Robert J Frazier, William Galloway, i oseph Garrison , John Garrison, Phillip i i ibson ■ Henry C Goodriok, Alfred T Goodrick, William G 1 wine, Thomas J. ... Goodwine, J a mes M Graham, John M Greene, Frunk Haines, Simeon S Haines, William Hal ton, Marcus L Hendricks, Lindsay T... Hill, William 11 Hobart, HowlandB Howser, Abram W James, Wesley M Johnson, John V Kern, James S King, John Knapp, Henry Lasley, Frank Lester, William Lowe, David G Lutz, George A Mahney, Henry Mahoney.John 11 Mullen, Jerome T McClelland, William H Nodurft. Jacob M Noggle, William II Norton, Madison Null, Jonathan Overly, Nelson Parker, James E Powell, Thomas Pugh, William Quick, Harrison Regar, Henry Search, William Search, Thomas Shankland, Lawson Sheffer, George K Rheffer, William Sinks, John W Bmith, Jacob H Smith, Francis M Strain, William Thomasson, George U instead, William L Yanhorn, Benjamin ... Vanpelt, Tunis W Warbritton, Eli Watson, George W "Welch, Samuel II Welch, William F Williams, Columbus.. . . Williams, Samuel J . . . . Recruits. A dam, John C Alexander, Andrew II.. Bevan, Henry •cc. 24, June 9, I'd. 26, 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 IS! if> 1863 1864 1864 1m;', 1864 1863 1864 1864 1861 1861 1865 1861 1861 1864 1862 1864 1864 1863 1865 1864 IStif) 1863 1863 1863 1864 A pr. Mar. Mar. Feb. Feb. Feb. Feb. Mar. Oct. Jan. Feb. Mar. Feb. Feb. Feb. Jan. Jan. Feb. Dec. Feb. Heb. J a n . Feb. Jan. Apr. Mar. 2-*, 1864 22, 1865 14, 1862 20, 1S64 12, 1864 2::, 1861 25, 1865 3, 1865 3, 1864 24, 1864 29, 1864 6, 1865 23, lsc. 4 23. 1864 23, 1864 24, 1861 24, 1864 27, 1862 2:;, 1863 20, 1864 8, 1865 5. 1864 27, 1S64 21, 1864 29, 1864 22, 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1805, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. M ustered out July 13, 1865, substitute. M. out June — , 1865 as corporal; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. V.; m. out July 21, 1865, tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 20, 1865, drafted. Veteran: mustered out July 20, 1865. Discharged February 7, 1865, wounds. M. out June —,1865, as corporal: tr from 85th Ind. Discharged March 27, 1865, disability. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Mustered out June 22, 1865. Mustered out September 30, 1864. Mustered out June 10, 1865 Veteran; mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mu-tered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, substitute. Mustered ou* July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. substitute. Mustered out June — , 1865. Must'd out June— ,'65, as corporal; tr.fr. 85th Ind. Died at Christiana, Tenn., January 8, 1864. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, dratted. Mustered out July 21, 1865 Muster, d out July 13, 1865, drafted. Mustered out March 27. 1865. Mustered out June 23, 1865. Deserted March 15, 1864. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, subs' itute. Veteran; nvi-tered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out luly 21, 18R5. Veteran: mustered out July 21, 1865, as 1st sergt. Vet ran; mustered out July 21, 1865. V teran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.: in. out July 21,1865; tr.fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.: m. out July 21,1865: tr fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Mus ered out July 21, l'<>5. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21 . 1865, substitute. Must'd out June —,'65, as con .oral; tr.fr. 85th Ind. Discharged May 30, 1865, wounds Veteran; mustered but July 21, 1865, Veteran; mustered out July 21, IS >. Mustered out July 10, 1865, drafted. UNASSIGNED RECRUITS.. Name and Rank. D/*TR OF Mustek. Privati s. Andrews, Luke Mar. 31, 1862 Anderson, Benjamin F. .. Aug 15, 1862 Allison, George F Aug 15, 1862 Oct. Aug 9, 15, 1862 Adkins, Bluford D 1st;:-; Anderson , Charles .Mar. 17, l-r,f, Adkins, Edward Mar. 1, 1865 Burgtorf, Augustus Sep! 30, 1864 Britton, George Mar. 13, 1865 Berry, Daniel Jan. 13 1865 Bogart, James H Feb. 23, 1865 Bray, Joseph Feb. 23 1865 Remarks. Co.D;kill'dbyg'd for des., c helbyv'le,Ind.Apr.'63. Co. E; died May 15, 1m!4, wounds. Co. A: killed at Thomp'n Sta., Tenn., Mar. 5, 1863. Co. E; died at Stone Hirer, Tenn., August, 3, 1863. Co. B; died May — , 1864, wounds. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. I oaccounted for, substitute. Unaccounted fcr, substitute. Mustered out, July 18, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. INDIANA VOLUNTEER [NFANTRY. 273 Name and Rank. Bledsoe. Phillip Baker, Jacob R Bevelhymer, Henry Bevuch IBunck 1 , Fred'k Bund | Bunch I, Luther T Bicknell. James Ij Burke. Michael Ballenburger, August. . . Boyd, Joseph F Brum met. Christopher. .. Hartley, Henry Beelcr, Peter Blankenship.Phillipll Brown, Thomas Burns, John A Baker, Anthony Baker, Elijah M Basnet, James rating, Edward Cavanaugh, Robert W Collins, William II Ohips, Smith C'dligan. John Cash, John Curtis, Charles ('mil pa ret, John L Hook, John L Criss, Henry Carr, James Culp. Methor Cornine. Lewis Buzan, Frederick Darce, Hiram Duncan, William J Edwards. Jasper H Eaton, William H Eckles. James D Eicholborger, James A.. Eastborne. Joshua Eldridge, John W Frank, John Francis. Joseph Fisher, Elijah T Foster, Ira M Farney, Samuel Finnegan, Andrew Fouch, John Fahner, Adam Fryer, Joseph Falkenburg, Helmuth . . dale, John Urey . Kobert J (Gordon . Absalom Gray, Caleb Goodnight. William H Goimn [Owin], Charles . Harbor, William Godfrin, William Hopkins. Finley Harrow, Robert Hart/ell, George W Hudiborg, William Hann. Andrew J Hemphill, John II Hall. Heoree F FTataway, Valencourt E . Hankins, Oliver P Headley, Elijah Hinton, Joseph P Hise, Cornelius Hill, Valentine Helmke, Edward Hopkins. James A Hunter, John H Hauser, John M Hvetts, Lewis Hinton John Hill. Daniel Harman.deorsre W Holding, Leroy I> VTI (IK Mustek. Remarks. Mar. 6 April 5 April 6 Nov. It. Mar. 22 Ma Mar. 10 Mar. 13 Mar. 14 Feb. 10 Mar. 28 An-. 22 Fell. 20 Mar In Mar. 22 April 2 An-. 21 Feb. IS Mar. 25 Mar. 28 Sept. 2 Mar. 3 Mar. 14 Jan. 23 April 6 Mar. 22 Mar. 22 Feb. 8 Mar. P Alar. 21 Feb. 23 June 3 Aug. 15 Aug. 15 July 1 Mar. 21 Feb. 22 Feb. 23 Feb. 23 Mar Aug Mar Mar Feb Mar Mar Mar Mar. 2 Jan. 28 Feb. Aug Mar. _ Feb. 2 Mar. Mar. Mar. Mar. Feb. Aug. Aug. June Sept Oct. Mar Mar. Miii- Mar. Mar Apri Mar. Mar. Apri Mar, Mar .Mar Rept J a n . Feb. Feb. r. 13 9 7 24 14 22 22 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1864 , 1865 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 ,1864 , 1862 . 1864 , 1864 . 1862 . 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 . 1862 , 1862 , 1862 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1863 , 1862 , 1862 , 1863 , 1864 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1862 , 1862 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1862 , 1864 , 1865 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1862 , 1862 , 1862 , 1863 , 1864 , 1864 , 1865 , L865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 , 1865 . 1865 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 . 1865 , 1865 , 1864 . 1865 , 1865 , 1865 Mustered out ■) uly 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. substitute. I 1 naccounted for, substitute. Mustered out Julj 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Unaccounted for, substit ute. Unaccounted for, substitute. lUUted fur. substitute . Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Died at Nashville, Tenn., June 15, 1863. 1 1 ni anted for. I naccounted for. Discharged October 2, 1862. disability. Deserted. December 1, 1862. Co. F: killed at Thompson Sta., Tenn.. Mar. ft, '63. Co. II: died at Nashville, Tenn., March 4,1863. [1 naccounted for. Unaccounted for. Discharged, date not stated, disability. Co. D; died at Cumberland Gap,Tenn.,Sopt.— ,'62. Unaccounted for. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, '65, absent sick, substitute. Mustered out July 21, '65, absent sick, substitute. Unaccounted for. substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Unaccounted for. Discharged February 1, 1863, disability. Unaccounted for. Co. H; died at Covington, Ky., November 29, 1862. Unaccounted f n r. .Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Co. K; died June 2. 1864, wounds. Discharged December 20, 1862. Unaccounted for, substitute. Unaccounted for, substitute. TTnaccounted for, drafted. Unaccounted for, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21,1865, absent sick, drafted. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, drafted. Deserted July 6, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21. 1865, substitute. Ho. A; died at Danville, Ky., date not stated. Unaccounted for. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Unaccounted for. drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Deserted December 9, 1862. Died at home, date not stated. Promoted principal musician. (',,.('; transferred to 85th Indiana April 24, 1864. Unaccounted for. drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21.1865, substitute. Mustered out July 7.1865 drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21,1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21.1865, substitute. Deserted June 15, 1865. drafted. Mustered out Julv 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, substitute. Unaccounted for. drafted. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, dratted. Mustered out July 21. 1865, drafted. T T naccounted for. drafted. I naccounted Ft. drafted. Mustered out July 21. 1865, drafted. Deserted June 27, 1865, substitute. (18) 274 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. Johnson, Shelby Jones, J ohn \V Jones, Lotharia C Jones, William Jackson, Isaac Johnson, Disberry Jarvis, Andrew Kiphart, Thomas Kinkle, William Kester, (ieorge Knight, Benjamin F Krause, Albert Kamp, James W Lacy, Joseph M Leonard, Thomas C Love [Lowe], Simeon C. Layman, Enos P Lee, Achill A. R Lemons, John Like, David Martin, Henry T Moore. James H Michael, Charles G Mathews, Henry McCalip. Alexander Martin, Joseph H McAllroy. William Metcalf, Charles Mullen, William Montgomery, William G McMahan, James R Moler, Henry Miller, Samuel C Meyers, Jackson 0. P ... Munus, A. N Milton, Napoleon B Miller, Jacob Methenney, Andrew Marshall, Samuel H May, George W Malone, Samuel McLane, George McFarlan, John A MeKinley. James Norris, William H Northern . Louis G Nelson, Marion Oliver, Francis M O'Neill, John M Phillips, Rufus M Preston , Yancey C Price, Charles Price, John II Plough, Preston II Pate, Osborne Parsons, James Quackenbush, Peter Quinn, James Russell. Thomas Rowand, William A Russell, Oliver Robinson. Thomas Russell, Henry Rushton, Edward Reeves, Jesse Reiner, Phillip.. . # Reagan, WadeH. Rinker, William H Smith, William I Steuble, Peter Summons I Summers] Nathan W Shake, Robert T Sturgeon, Thomas R Sturgeon, Kinner W ... Sturgeon , Jeremiah V Sturgeon, William T Sturgeon, Obediah Smith, Bedford M Stader, Charles Mar. 24, Aug. 15, June 15, Mar. 14, Mar. '22, April 5, April 5, Aug. 15, Oct. 4, Mar. 23, Oct. 15, Feb. 6. Oct. 8, Mar. 30, April 3, Mar. 8, Oct. 15, Sept. 22, Sept. 26, Mar. 1, Aug. 15, Aug. 15, Aug. 15, Aug. 15, Sept. 1, Dec. 14, Oct. 5, Sept. 21, Mar. 11, Feb. 23. Mar. 23, Mar. 23, Mar. 21, Sept. 28, Mar. 22, Mar. 20, Mar. 21, Mar. 22, Feb. 2, Feb. 23, Feb. 8, Feb. 23, Feb. 7, Jan. 13, Aug. 16, Aug. 15, Mar. 28, Aug. 15, Oct. 7, Aug. 15, Sept. 8, Oct. 7, Mar. 3, Mar. 22, Nov. 9, Feb. 13, Aug. 15, Dec. 22, Mar. 31, Aug. 16, Oct. 4, Oct. 3, Mar. 22, Mar. 22, Mar. 23, Sept. 26, Dec. 28, Jan. 19, Feb. 21, Feb. 22, 1862 1S62 1863 [866 1865 1865 1865 1862 1864 1865 1864 18b5 1861 1865 1865 1865 1864 1864 1864 1862 1862 1862 1862 1S62 1862 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1864 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 1865 18(15 1865 1865 1865 1S62 1862 1865 1862 1864 1862 1862 1864 1865 1865 1864 1865 1862 1864 1862 1862 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 1864 1864 1865 1862 1862 Mar. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. Aug. 1, 1862 15, 1862 15, 1862 15, 1862 15, 1862 15, 1862 27, 1862 21, 1862 15, 1862 Discharged April 4, 1863. Unaccounted for. Co. G; killed by guerrillas in Tenn., July 13, 1863. I naccounted for. substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mastered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for, substitute. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 18,1865, absent sick, substitute. Unaccounted for, drafted. Co B; died at Cumberland Gap, Tenn., Oct 3, '63. Deserted January 29, 1862. Co. E; died at Louisville. Ky., March 3, 1863. Promoted principal musician. Co. G; died at Annapolis. Md., April 24, 186::. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Unaccounted lor, drafted. Died at Chattanooea, Tenn., Nov. 17, 1864, sub. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, drafted. Unaccounted for, substitute. Unaccounted for. drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, drafted. Unaccounted for, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absent sick, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for, substitute. Mustered out June 21, 1865, as corporal. Company H: discharged April 7,1863. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Deserted December 22, 1862. Mustered out July 18. 1865, substitute, Co.E: died at Of>lumbia,Tenn., Mar .18, '63, wounds. Co. G; died at Hilton Head, S. C, Feb. 14, 1865. Mustered out July 21,1865, absent sick, substitute. M. out July 21. '65, absent without lv., substitute. Mustered out May 11,1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21,1865, absent sick, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, absentsick, substitute. Unaccounted for. Unaccounted for, substitute. Deserted at Danville, Ky., December — , 1862. Mustered out July 21 , 1865, absent sick . Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21,1865, substitute. M. out July 21, 1865, absent without leave, drafted. Unaccounted for, drafted. Mustered out July 21. 1865. drafted. Unaccounted for, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865, substitute. Unaccounted for. drafted. Co. II: killed at Thompson Sta.,Tenn., Mar. 5, '63. 1 >cserted December 9, 1862. Discharged November 19, 1862. Died, date not stated. Discharged, date not stated, disability. Co. A; killed at New Hope Church,Ga.,May 25, '64 Discharged June 27, 1863. Unaccounted for. Discharged December 11, 1862. Died at Annapolis, Md., April 24, 1862, disease. Discharged June 30, 1863, disability. Indiana volunteee infantry. 2?5 Name and Rank. Shepherd, Laban P... Standley, Thomas Sink, Andrew J Stanley, Hubbard Seward, Edgar Small, (ienrge Small, Richard M Small, John Sloan, Thomas II Sweet, .John M. B. ... Shults, Isaac Simmons, .1 oseph ( ' Smith, Stephen 1< Smith, Luther F Shrover, Frederick . . . Sinks, Lorenzo Sbamrick, John Somers, John Smith, Benjamin Sthair, Luther Shyrook, Hiram Spaulding, William .. Sheward, Stephen ... . Shreve, Thomas Smith, Stephen Starrett, Lewis Thrasher, John B Thayer, Napoleon B Thomas, Victor Thorp, John S Thornburgh, John '1 ucker, Lewis Torpey, John Toe, Patrick Tryon, Charles Usher, John I Vanpelt, John A Vanderher, Zacharias Vance, PeterS Washburn, John W Weakly, Henry Weakly, John Wayt, Jamrs Wayt, Nanoleon B Walker, Henrv 11 Weeks, Oliver W Ward. Edward Warnhoff, Henry Warnhoff, William .... West, Jeptha Whycoal, Berry R Webster, Mark L Walford, Simeon Whittle, Exam Williams, Aaron H.... White, Leander White, James M White, Arthur Warren, Gustavus Williams, Jo^n W Webb, John T Williams, John West, Robert Wilde, Albert Yocum.Andr w Vant, Reuben Young, David Datk ov MUSTKR. Remarks. Aug. 15, Aug. 15, Aug. 30, Sept. 21, Feb. 17, Mar. 22, .Mar. 22, Mar. 22, Mar. 22, Mar. 24, Mar. 28, Mar. 22, Apr. 5, Mar. 22, Mar. 22, .Mar. 22. Mar. 22, .Mar. 29, Dec. 27, I! (Nk. Deweoso, Elza Dome, William T Dill, Ed ward Dunn, Edmund II 1>» yer, William A . . Davisson, Enos Davisson, John Edleman, W illiam . . . Ehomari . George Ellis, John Enocks, Jones Elmer, Isaac Emerick, Phillip P ... Elliott, William !•' i s 1 1 , Uenja w in B Fuchshuber, John T . . Flct.her. S. K Freet, < leorge Fullcniu ider, .la ines . Fisher, Joseph M Fans, ,\| iehael Fox, Abraham Finney, Charles W Fisher, John W Francis, Jacob B Gask ns, Samuel (iillespy, John Garrett, Caleb F Geller, -lames Goodwine, Wesley Graham , Da \ id E . . Glass, John (ira vc, Clark Crave, Alvin S C ilcrease, John M Gambold, Era A Cray, Samuel D Hitt, Caleb H sir man, James Hedriek. Samuel Haugh, Franklin Hembert, Anthony . Hall, James Holler, James Hunlay, Mahlon Hinckle, Samuel Halbert, Enos Hart, William Halberstadt, John T.... Halberstadt. Elzo Hammock. Daniel Henning, Stephen J II icks, Benjamin Hendricks. Wi Ham . . . Hull, George Herendon, James F Harper, Francis M Harper, Isaac N. Henderson. Joseph C... Hancock. Owen C Harvey, Milo E Henson, Thomas N Hale, Bradford Hicks, Joseph B Higginbottom, Samuel. Heath. James I Hansell, David Halberstodt, Wesley Halberstodt. George M. Homer, Andrew Hausier, John M Ingle, Samuel Irwin, Nathaniel Inglis. John rt Irvin. Joseph L Israel, George B Jones, Isaac. Jackson, James E Jones, Georsre S Johnston, William R... Datk ov MUSTKR. Feb. 22, isi;i Deo. 23, Dec. 23, Dei Dec. 23, Dec. 23, ;-ept. 19, Mar. 22, April 10, Mar. 24, April 1, Dec. 31. Jan. 24, Nov. 16, Mar. 2-2, •let. 14, Nov. 22, Sept. 16, Mar 1, Sept. 2, Oct. 2, Oct. 12, .Mar. 26, Oct. 13, Uct. 12, Mar. 7, April 2H, Dec. L2, Sept. 16. Dec. .4, Jan. 21, Mar. 29, April 29, Mar. 23, Jan. 21, Jan. 13, 1863 I si;:; [863 1863 1804 L865 isr,, L865 1862 1863 1864 1864 1st;;, 1861 1864 IS61 1864 1802 1861 1864 1863 1864 1864 1865 1865 1864 1861 1S6:3 1864 1864 1863 1864 864 1863 Mar. 15, Sept. 24, Apr. 25, Mar. 24, Mar. 4, Mar. 22, Apr. 4, Nov. 10, Oct. 3, Dec. 30, Jan. 29, Mar. 11, Mar. 11, Mar. 5, Dec l>ec. 23, Dec. 23, Mar 31, Sept. as, Dec. 9, Dec 9, Jan. 4, June 29, Feb. 5, Dec. 21, Dec. 21, Dec. 31, Jan. 3, Jan. 24, i let. 5, Oct. 12, Sept. 21, May 22, 1862 1864 1865 1865 1 65 1865 1865 1861 1861 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1863 1863 1864 1863 1803 1S63 1864 1863 1864 1863 1863 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1865 Feb. 22, Mar. 23, Feb. 27, Dec. V, Apr. 11, Feb. 27. Feb. 27. Dec. 23, 1865 1865 1864 1863 1 865 1864 1864 1863 Rkmarks. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th I ml. Veteran: in. out July 21, L865; tr. from 70th I n< I . Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out J uly 21, 1865; tr. from 70th I ml. Veteran; m. out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th 1ml. Veteran; tn. out July 21, 1865; tr.from70tb Ind. Mustered out .May 111, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered ,, u t May 10, 1865, dialled. Mustered out May 10. 1865, drafted. Mustered OUt April 12, I Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; Ir.from70th Iml. Vet.: in. out July 21,186."); tr. fr. 27th and 70th Iml. Mustered out May lo, 186 >, drafted. Mustered out .May 10, 1865, drafted. Go. E; discharged — , 1863. Transferred from 70th Indiana. Co. E; killed at Thompson Sta ,Tenn., Mar ,5,186 , Vet.; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 18«5 Mustered out . I uly 21, 1865; tr.from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865: tr.from 85th Indiana Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr.from 85th Indiana Mustered out July 21. 1865; tr.from 85th Indiana. Transferred from 85th Indiana. Mustered out May 19, 1865, drafted. .Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 865. drafted. Discharged October 10, 1861, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Veteran; m. out July 21. 1865; tr. Irom 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. nut July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.: m. out July 21,1865; tr fr.27th and 70th Ind. Co. E; discharged July 6, 1863, disability. Co. B; died at Indianapolis, Ind , April 26, 1864. Discharged October 23. 1862. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10,1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, dratted. Mustered out May 10. 1865. drafted. Discharged October 22, 1862, disability. Co. H; promoted second lieutenant, Co. T. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; ir. from 85th Tnd. Vet.; mustered out July 21.1865; tr.lrom 85tb Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; muctered out July 21,1865; tr.from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865: tr.from 85th Inn. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr.from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Ind. V.; in. out July 21. 1865, tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865. tr.trom 70th Ind. Vet.: mustered out July 21,1865; tr„fiom 70th Ind. Vet.: mustered out July 21,1865; tr.from 70th Tnd. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July -J, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr.from 70th Ind. Veteran; mustered out Ju'y 21, 1865. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr.from 85th Ind. Vet ; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 85th Ind Vet.: m. out July 21.1865; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out J uly 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865, drafted. Discharged August 8, 1865; tr. from 70th 1ml. Mustered out Vlny '0, 1865, substitute. Mustered out Mav 10. 1865, drafted. Vet: mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Vet : mustered out July 21. 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Mustered out May 10, IP65, drafted. Vet.; mustered out July 21. 1865. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out J uly 21,1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-THIRD Name and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. Jones, Washington L Jarmin, William Jackson, William F Jaquish, Peter L Kellogtr, Amos Kelley, Andrew I Kimble, Henry H Knowlton, Chauncey Lundy, Alexander Loyd.Tathias Letsinger. William Lindley, Jeptha Larimore, Daniel M Lough, William J Lyons, Robert A Lenox, William Lee, William J Lane, Levi Lane, Elias E Loyd, William R Lewis, John Lamb. Lindsey Littlejohn, Amos W McDonald, James A Mc Anally, Cary J Mitchell, Henry L Main, Elijah Mixon, Phineas, Jr Mooney, William Miller, Constantino Moody, George M Mc Daniel, Benjamin. . ... M <■< I innis, James McClerkin, William McConnell, Jeptha Myers, Jacob Miller, Samuel Miller, Stephen Moore, R,obert A Manwaring, William 11 Mahan, Thomas J Mahan, John R Mattox, Joseph H Mattock. William R McDonald, Peter H Melay, Daniel McKenney, James Morgan, Eugene A McCall, .lame? E McGrew, William Myers, Samuel Mahan, William Mahan, John J Mallory, John C McAnalley, Thomas Miles, James May, Andrew Miller, George Moreley, Levi C Messier, John L Newcomb, William H. H Nail, James H O'Conner, Thomas Osborn, Samuel G Prosser, James J Peco, Anthony Price, Christopher C Pittinger. John W Parker, William R Pendland, Alonzo Park, John Price, Shelby Peak, John Pray. EliT Poe, Isaac Pickard, I«aac A Phillips, John W Pierson, Joseph L Pounds, < (liver P. L Price, John M Mar. 3, Sept. 2, May 30, Oct. 13, Mar. 23, Dec. 8, Mar. 28, Feb. 1, Apr. 7, Oct. 15, 1804 1862 1863 1864 1865 1863 1864 1864 1865 1864 Mar. Alar. Dec. Feb. Dec. Dee. Nov. Dec. Mar. • Ian. Jan. Oct. Aug. Jan. Jan. Aug. Apr. Oct. Sept. Mar. Oct. Sept. Aug. Sept. Apr. Aug. Oct. Sept. Jan. Mar. Mar. Jan. • I an. Mar. Dec. her. Aug. Feb. • I an. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Dec. Dec. Jan. Jan. 10, 1861 31, 1864 26, 1863 9, 18C4 23, 1863 2:i, 1863 30, 1863 24, 1863 3, 1864 24, 1864 24, 1864 14, 1861 13. 1862 7, 1864 27, 1862 10, 1862 20, 1865 13, 1864 26, 1864 2 5, 1865 14, 1864 '6, 1861 14, 1862 5, 1862 1, 1862 21, 1862 21, 1862 8, 1863 7, 1864 16, 1864 23, 1864 29, 1864 29, 1864 11, 1864 31, 186! 31, 1863 13, 1863 22, 1864 24, 1864 14, 1864 4, 1864 14, 1864 13, 1864 12, 1864 5, 1864 15, 1863 15, 1863 23, 1864 24, 1864 Mar. 1, Jan. 18, June 6, Jan. 24, April 7, Mar. 13, Mar. 22, Mar. 31, Feb. 22, April 4, Dec. 31, Dec. 23, Feb. 5, Feb. 22. June 6, Oct. 25, Sept. 12, Sept. 2, Oct. 7, 1864 ism 18H3 1864 1865 1865 1865 186.") 1S65 1864 1S63 1863 1864 1864 1863 1864 [862 1862 1864 Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Vet.; mustered out May 21. 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1S65; tr. fr. 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Died June 2, 1865. Discharged October 22, 1862, disability. Vet ; mustered out J uly 21, 1865; tr. fr. 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, : 6~>: tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, |65; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.: mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; m. o. July 2, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; m. O.July 21, '65; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Co. D; died at Knightstown, Ind., April — , 1863. Transferred from 85th Indiana. Unaccounted for. Unaccounted for. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, dralted. Co. A; died at Lynchburg, Va., April 27, 1863. Co.F; died at Pulaski, Tenn., Mar. 29, '63, wounds. Co.G: died at Shelby ville, Tenn., Mar.— ,'63, w'ds. Mustered out July 12, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. I lischarged, date not stated, disability. Veteran; mustered out July 21, 1865. Transferred from 70th Indiana. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.: mu-tered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21. '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 70tb Ind Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65: tr. from 70th ind. Vet ; m.out July 21. '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; trans, from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21 , 1865; trans, from 85th Ind . Mustered out July 21, 1865; trans, from 85th Ind. Mu-tered out July 21,1865; trans, from 85th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865: trans, from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 70th Ind. Deserted March 11,1865; transfr'd from 70th Ind. Vet.: m. out July 21, '65; tr. fr. 27th and 70th Ind. Died JulyS, 1863. Disch'd June 15, '65, disability; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.: mustered out July 21, '65; tr. from 70th Tnd. Mustered out —,1865; transferred from 85th Ind. Transferred from 70th Indiana. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May '0, 1865, substitute. Vet.; m. out July 21. '65; tr. fr.27tb and 70th Ind. Vet.: mustered out J ulv 21, '65; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran: m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Never reported to regiment, drafted. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mu-tered out J uly 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. INDIANA VOLUNTEEE INFANTRY. 279 Name and Rank. Payne, Wm. T Prichard, John 15 Pitchar, Charles P Ray, Thomas Rogers, Bzekiel Richie, Granville Rowe, Benjamin M Ree<1, Chalmers Ritchie, Franklin Rodenbaugh, William Rodenbaugh, George W Resinger, Martin Robertson, .lames M St.Ulair, George R Smith, Benjamin F Saiiiiu, Jacob Stedder, Lewis St. Clair, William Storm, Lowery Spencer, White Stumebeam, Miller.. — Shelladay, Satnuel B.... Sills, William H Shank, James Smith, William R Smith, John S Smith, Isaac A Smith, John E Spencer, James T Stroder, Simon A t Stuck, Matthias Swift, Richard K Stafford, Nathan Stafford, Frederick W . . Sexson, Shelby Smith, David Smith, William J Smith, Charles N Squires. Henry Smith. Joseph H Sims, Francis H Stewart, Benjamin F. . . Sims, John Smock, Samuel Stephens, James S Stoops, William P Stuck, Isom Steele, Bulford Sheward, Stephen Stanley. William Smith, Benjamin Tucker, Dzoura Torrence, William Torrence, David Thomas. Isam Taylor, William L Toner, James E Thomas. Richard Taylor. Jacob Tony, Henry Tansey, Barclay E Tincher, John D Townsend. Clayton Trogdon , Isaiah H Trinkle, Leander Thompson, Robert Triplet, Thomas J Tingley, Samuel Tincher, George Unci], Frederick .. Vaughn, David A Vinson, Charles Vining, Edward M Vannice. Peter S Vallandinghflm, John . . Yanpelt. Benjamin Vorhis, Michael P AVindlow, Frederick Whitson, William T Windt.Fred Date ok Muster. Oct. Jan. Oct. Oct. Mar. Dec. .Ian. Mar. Mar. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. April April Feb. Mar. April April Nov. Sept. • Ian. Mar. Mar. Oct. Jan. Dec. Mar. Jan. Jan. Jan. Jan . Dec. Jan . Dec. Dec. Jan. Dec. Jan. Mar. Jan. Feb. Mar. Oct. Oct. Mar. Oct. Oct. Feb. Aug. Dec. Dec. Sept. Mar Mar 1864 ISC. I 1864 I SCI I mi.; 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1865 1865 1865 is.;, 1865 1861 1861 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 1863 1863 1864 1863 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1864 1863 1864 1864 1865 1862 1864 1863 1864 1865 1865 Remarks. Sept. Nov. Apr. Jan. Apr. Dec. Apr. Dec. Aug. Mar. June Oct. Jan. Oct. Aug. Mar. Feb. Mar. Aug. Feb. Dec. Feb. Mar. Mar. 1861 1861 1864 1864 1863 1863 1-.;:; 1863 1S62 1865 1863 1864 1864 1864 1862 1865 1865 l>65 1862 1864 1863 1865 1865 1865 Mustered out July 21, 1865, tr. from 85th 1 adiana. Dis. June 7, '65. disal.ility.tr. from 27th & 70th I rid. M ustered out July 21, 1865. hied at Cowan Station, Tenn., November Veteran; mustered out July 21, L865. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Veteran; in. out July 21. 1865: tr. from Tilth hid. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from85th Indiana. Muster.d out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out, July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from S5th Indiana. Mustered out May Id, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 1(1, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10. 1st;."., drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Deserted November 1, 1862. Discharged April—. 1862. disability. Vet.; mustered out July 21, I860; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet,; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. froni85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Intl. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Intl. Transferred from 85th Indiana. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Intl. Vet,; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Tnd. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th In d. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out J uly 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Intl. Vet.: mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Vet; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th hid. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Intl. Vet.: mustered out Julv 21,1865: tr. from 70th Ind. Must, out July 21, 1865; tr. from 27th and 70th Ind. Must, out Julv 21, 1865: tr.from 27th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Indiana, Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 70th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana, Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 26, 1865. Transferred from 85th Indiana. Mustered out May 10, 1865, subsl itute. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out May 10, 1805, substitute. Co.C; killed at Thompson Sta'n, Tenn., Mar. 5, 65. Co. D; discharged April 4, 1863, disability. Discharged October 23, 1862. Veteran; mustered out July 21. I860. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865; tr. fr. /Oth Intl. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Vet.; mustered out July 21,1865: tr. fr. 70th Ind. Vet ; mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. fr. 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21,1865. Never reported to regiment. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Tnd. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. V.; m.out Mayl8,'65.ascorp; tr. fr. 27th & 76th Ind. Mustered out July 21. 1865; tr, from 85th Ind. Co.D: died at Col'mbia. Tenn., Mar. 7,'63, wounds. Mustered out May 10, 186;",, draft' d. Mustered out May 10, 1865, substitute. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Unaccounted for. Mustered out July 21,1865; tr. from 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, '65; tr.fr. 27th and70th Ind. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. Mustered out May 10, 1865, drafted. 280 HISTORY OF THE THIRTY-TIITrm Mamk and Rank. Date of Muster. Remarks. Wasson, Anderson . Weakley, Andrew J Weakley, William . Worden, William . . Watts, Daniel B ... West, .lame- M . . White. Madison B .. Wolf, -lames M Wilson, -John J Williams, Amos C . . West. Waldo Webster. John W. Wr ght.John W. D . Wallingford, lame- Yearling. Henry .... Yager, Albert Young, James Young, Henry Jan. 5, Mar. 27, Jan. 24, Dec. 31, Mar. 26, Mar. 12, Mar. 22, Aug. 25, Mar. 22, Sept. 2, 1S64 1864 1864 1863 1864 1865 1 865 1863 1865 1862 Oct. 18, Oct. 3, Oct. 11, Apr. 13, Feb. 21, .Ian. 7, •Ian. 7, 1864 1864 1864 1862 1865 1864 1864 Veteran; rn. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21,1865: tr. from 70th Ind. Vet.; m. out July 21, '65; tr. rom 27th and 70th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21,1865; tr from 70th Ind. Yet,.: m. out July 21, '65; tr. from 27 th and 70th Ind. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865: tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out .luly 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865. Mustered out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out July 21, 1865: tr. from 85th Indiana. Mustered out Ju'y 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Indiana. Co. D; died at Nicbolasville Ky., Dec. — , 1862. Mustered out May 10, 1865. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. from 85th Ind. Veteran; m. out July 21, 1865; tr. trom 85th Ind. FEB 5 1902 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS II I I Nil III 013 704 194 7