h- 
 
 COMPILED AND PUBLISHED BY 
 
 RUSH a RUSH. PHOENIX, ARIZONA 
 
 COPYRIGHT BY 
 
 TILLMAN STOUT RUSH 
 1922 
 
 ^^(i/ 
 
.Gs ix' 
 
 ARIZONA STATE CAPITOL AT PHOENIX 
 
 ARIZONA 
 
 ARIZONA ! It is a land of romance and fascination. 
 A land of bewitching scenery and unexcelled 
 beauty. Its rocks and mountains bear mute tes- 
 timony to its great age, while its rich fields of grain and 
 alfalfa attest its newness from the standpoint of modern 
 activities. 
 
 From out the past there trails past the vision, ghosts 
 of a pre-historic race, whose civilization was of no mean 
 degree, judging from what the archaeologist uncovers 
 in their long deserted ruins which dot many sections 
 of the state. Then in a later age came the Spanish con- 
 quistadors and the padres who built Missions and en- 
 deavored to convert the savage to their religion. Last, 
 but not least, even in romance and charm, came the 
 pioneer, carrying his rifle by his side as he tilled the soil 
 or herded his cattle, to protect himself from the blood- 
 thirsty warriors of Victoria, Cochise and the crudest 
 of them all, Geronimo. 
 
 No less interesting, romantic or fascinating are the 
 achievements of today, as one views the new cities and 
 thriving hamlets that have sprung into existence within 
 
 ROOSEVELT DAM, ARIZONA'S GREATEST ENGINEERING FEAT 
 
 ©C1A696638 
 
FOUR BAR FLATS, SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 the bounds of this youngest of the states of the Union. 
 There are fertile fields of golden grain and green alfalfa, 
 which have taken the place of the greasewood and mes- 
 quite; orange groves and olive orchards; the earth 
 yielding up her rich treasures of gold, silver and copper, 
 because man has conquered by the cunning of his brain, 
 and the energy latent in his hands. All this goes to make 
 Arizona, indeed, the "Wonderland of America." 
 
 No one visits this Wonderland who does not long to 
 return, if only for a few months' sojourn. No one is ever 
 disappointed in Arizona. Here is found the most elastic 
 climate imaginable; the most variable scenery that can 
 be had anywhere; the most diversified occupations 
 obtainable. Here are experienced altitudes ranging from 
 nearly sea level to almost two miles above. Here are 
 temperatures extending from the tropical to perpetual 
 snow. In Arizona is found the very best of the "Last 
 West." Here in abundance are found the big game of the 
 Rockies, the yelping wolf of the mountains, and the 
 sneaking coyote in the arroyos; the mountain lion and 
 bear in their cliff dwelling homes. 
 
 Arizona is the healthiest state in the Union. The 
 atmosphere is so clear and pure that the azure blue of 
 
 L ;#^" "" . v^T^^-''*'^"* • 
 
 ^>^ Z; 
 
 
 . -i.' 
 
 /• 
 
 CLIFTON-METCALF ROAD 
 

SPECIMENS TAKEN FROM PREHISTORIC RUINS 
 
 the sky cannot be equalled anywhere. At night the stars 
 are more brilliant, and seem so close that one wants 
 to reach up and touch them. Such is the effect of the 
 Arizona atmosphere. And the sunsets — no artist's brush 
 can ever do them justice, and no language has ever been 
 conceived that can adequately describe them. Their 
 gorgeous colorings are simply beyond the range of 
 human language to portray. All visitors to Arizona are 
 affected alike by what they see. Some one has said: 
 
 "Sun land, dun land, rope and spur and gun land, 
 
 What is your enchantment, that you hold me in my 
 dreams? 
 True land, view land, shade of every hue land, 
 
 Mountain peaks and canons, cradled, dimpling, 
 gleam. 
 Glad land, sad land, poor old pagan bad land. 
 
 Some day to the castle we shall find the key. 
 Wild land, mild land, slumbering, much beguiled land. 
 Then you shall awaken, glad and free." 
 
 THE GRAND CANYON OF ARIZONA 
 
AMONG THE BIG PINES ON THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 GREENLEE COUNTY 
 
 IN the making of history, long before Arizona was a 
 state and Greenlee a county, scenes were enacted 
 within the borders of what is now Greenlee county, 
 that had they been recorded, would loom large in Ameri- 
 can annals; scenes where the soldier boy and his rifle 
 matched the half naked savage with his bow and arrow 
 and scalping knife. 
 
 Within the borders of this county Geronimo and his 
 savage hordes carried on much of their death-deahng 
 cruelty. There were many victims of their savagery in 
 the early days, and there are many yet living in Greenlee 
 county, who passed through those trying times, when men 
 lived in perpetual fear of being killed and scalped by the 
 red skinned savages. 
 
 At one time Greenlee county was a part of Graham 
 but in 1909 pressure enough was brought to bear upon 
 the 25th Legislative Assembly of the Territory of Ari- 
 zona, to pass an act estabhshing the boundary of Green- 
 lee county. 
 
 VIEW FROM THE MULE CREEK ROAD 
 
A SCENE ON THE MULE CREEK ROAD 
 
 An election was held in November, 1910, for the pur- 
 pose of electing officers for the new county of Greenlee, 
 and the first officers were: Sheriff, I. B. English; Treas- 
 urer, John M. Webster; Recorder, John F. Burke; Dis- 
 trict Attorney, E. V. Horton; Assessor, James H. Kerby; 
 School Superintendent, J. W. Aker; Supervisors, B. F. 
 Billingsley, George Webster, J. H. T. Gosper. There 
 were several applicants for the county seat, Glifton and 
 Duncan being the leading rivals. Glifton won the prize, 
 and the new Gourt House was started on January 1st, 
 1911, and was completed and occupied, September 
 1st, 1912. 
 
 When Greenlee became a county there was not a single 
 good wagon road within its entire boundary ; only a few 
 trails, and only one bridge in the whole county. Today, 
 Greenlee county has nearly 200 miles of as fine auto 
 roads as can be found in the state, and some of the most 
 costly and substantial bridges that can be seen anywhere. 
 
 TUNNELS ON METCALF ROAD 
 
MOUNTAINS ABOVE CLIFTON 
 
 Greenlee county has not stopped in its improvements, 
 but is continuing the road building program, so that in 
 another year tourists will be able to cross it, either 
 north or south, east or west, over the best auto roads 
 in the country. 
 
 To those interested in archaeology, Greenlee county 
 offers a rich field of research among pre-historic ruins. 
 Many specimens of pottery and stone implements 
 are still to be found in these ancient dwelling places. In 
 the mountains are remains of the CHff Dwellings, where 
 there are evidences of an advanced civilization that 
 existed long ages before Caesar ruled Rome. Even when 
 the Spaniards explored this country, in the 16th century, 
 these ruins bore mute evidence of long disuse, and were 
 shrouded in as deep mystery as today. 
 
 What became of that race of people, who peacefully 
 tilled the soil and raised corn, cotton and beans? From the 
 evidences of the charred corn, wood and bones which have 
 been uncovered by the builders of the modern canals in 
 the Duncan valley, may there not have been a great 
 
 SPECIMENS FROM CLIFF DWELLINGS AND PREHISTORIC RUINS 
 
A PRETTY CURVE ON THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 cataclysm of volcanic gas and heat, which wiped them 
 out in the twinkhng of an eye? Evidences are still extant 
 to support this theory. 
 
 In Greenlee county are found the oldest mining 
 camps in the state, Clifton and Morenci. Here are also 
 found the richest copper deposits of the Southwest. 
 Not only are these camps rich in mineral deposits, but 
 some of the most picturesque scenery in the world is to 
 be found around Clifton, Morenci and Metcalf. 
 
 Tourists passing through Greenlee county will have 
 missed much, and will have much to regret, if they do 
 not visit the northern part of the county, which is the 
 scenic part. The trip is one that will never be forgotten, 
 and one of entrancing delights and joyful surprises. The 
 road winds around the vari-colored cliffs, ever opening 
 up new pleasure to the sightseer. The road from 
 Clifton to Morenci is like an enchanted ribbon, appearing 
 and disappearing with almost magic swiftness, as one 
 climbs higher and higher. 
 
 There are a number of hot springs throughout Green- 
 lee county which show high medicinal values, and there 
 
 
 I 
 
 1 
 
 i 
 
 r ' 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 M 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 I 
 
 m 
 
 ii, 
 
 ^ 
 
 X <^h| 
 
 1 
 
 ^^B^i^^?^R?&'»syf 
 
 ^JF 
 
 
 9 
 
 ^M 
 
 n 
 
 n 
 
 
 
 hI^^^ 
 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 9 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 
 ■ 
 
 A VIEW ON THE MULE CREEK ROAD 
 
ALONG THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 are possibilities latent in these various springs for those 
 with initiative to establish sanatoriums. 
 
 Greenlee county offers to the sportsman the best hunt- 
 ing to be found anywhere in the state. There are quail, 
 doves, whitewings, and cottontails in abundance; the 
 last named may be shot at any time. For the hunts- 
 man out for big game, there are offered the moun- 
 tain lion, the bear, the deer and wild turkey, all of which 
 are abundant in this county. 
 
 ROADS 
 
 WHILE Arizona is the youngest state in the Union, 
 and Greenlee the youngest county in the state, 
 Greenlee has the finest road system in the 
 country. Beginning at the New Mexico line and running 
 to the Graham county line, east and west, is the Bank- 
 head Highway, which is an excellent gravel road and 
 kept in splendid condition at all times of the year. 
 
 From Duncan to Clifton, north, is one of the best 
 roads of its kind in the state. North of Clifton through 
 Metcalf, is the most scenic auto road in the world, 
 
 
 
 ^^P 
 
 vm^ 
 
 
 
 
 ^^^^ 
 
 AT AN ALTITUDE OF ABOUT 8000 FEET ON THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
ON THE ROAD FROM DUNCAN TO CLIFTON 
 
 known as the Springerville road. As it goes into the 
 mountains it winds through a heavily timbered region 
 of exquisite beauty. Starting a few miles above Clifton, 
 the engineers have laid out in a zigzag manner up the 
 sides of the mountains, which were almost inaccessible 
 to a horse in many places, one of the most splendid 
 and by far the most scenic road in the country. It is 
 not a narrow trail as is so often encountered by tourists 
 in a mountain country, but a broad auto road, with 
 no grade greater than eight per cent. In the laying 
 out and building of this road an engineering feat as 
 great as that of the Roosevelt dam has been accomplished. 
 
 Another road of scenic beauty and great importance 
 to the county of Greenlee is that known as the Mule 
 Creek road, which branches off from the Duncan-CHfton 
 road in a northeasterly direction. This is also a moun- 
 tain road of great scenic beauty, and a great engineering 
 feat in modern road building. 
 
 It may be said much to the credit of Greenlee county 
 that the roads are not built and then left to deteriorate, 
 but modern machinery and a road gang keep the roads 
 in a perfect condition at all times of the year. 
 
 With all this wonderful road system the taxes of 
 Greenlee county are not any higher than many other 
 
 ROCKS SHOWING EROSION— CLIFTON-DUNCAN ROAD 
 
{>,,A,4;;;::;:;y ,/""""*< 
 
 ir - 
 
 ■'-^^PJ'V-' 
 
 y.i 
 
 
 5< 
 
 S Q^ 
 
 #^;;;;>H,,#'0«''''"''''«f i 
 
 ^N^^. 
 
 '''ii/liilii)iij|/ni/iii(iM/(Hiiiii(iiir)|)|j j^ 
 
 ir:.V"" ^aWI„/-.« 
 
SOME FINE GREKXLEE COUNTY HEREFORDS 
 
 counties with less improvements, and not as high as 
 some of them. This is due to the fact that the affairs of 
 the county are administered by a Board of Supervisors 
 who have the interests of the people at heart, and are 
 heavy taxpayers themselves. 
 
 THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 EMOTIONS akin to those which filled the hearts of 
 the Children of Israel when they first set eyes 
 upon the promised land, well up in the breast of 
 the modern traveler at his first view of the Duncan 
 Valley, nestled between towering mountains, with a 
 river of life-giving water, for both soil and cattle, winding 
 through its centre. 
 
 Whether the tourist comes from the east or the west, 
 his view is the same as he reaches the brow of the hill 
 overlooking the valley; he involuntarily stops his car 
 to gaze upon a scene of exquisite beauty and pastoral 
 prosperity and contentment. 
 
 If the tourist makes his advent at harvest time he sees 
 fields of rich, waving, golden grain, ready for the reaper 
 and garner. If his visit be made at any other time of 
 the year the view is equally entrancing; fields of rich, 
 verdant alfalfa, with herd after herd of sleek, grazing 
 
 A ROUND-UP OF RANGE HORSES 
 
BIRDSEYE VIEW OF DUNCAN 
 
 cattle. Even in winter one sees no bleak and barren 
 waste, but perpetual spring everywhere the eye rests. 
 
 The topography of the valley is the most advantageous 
 that can be imagined. It is a long, narrow, level stretch 
 of the most fertile land that can be found anywhere. 
 An analysis of the soil shows it to contain an abundance 
 of nitrogen, and composed of fine gravel, coarse sand, 
 medium sand, fine sand and very fine sand, silt and clay, 
 with more than 53 per cent. silt. It is the Gila river 
 silty clay loam. 
 
 Winding through the valley is the Gila river, which 
 furnishes water for the cattle that feed on the ranges 
 adjacent to the valley, and also irrigation water for the 
 many fertile farms which have been developed along the 
 banks of the river. At present there are about 54 miles 
 of main irrigation canals in the valley, carrying water 
 to about 4500 acres of farm land. There has just been 
 formed a new irrigation district, under the laws of 
 Arizona, with a new canal 18 miles in length, which, 
 when the sheet dam is completed across the Gila river, 
 to raise its subterranean flow, will take care of approxi- 
 mately 3000 acres more land in the Duncan valley. 
 
 There is a great deal of virgin land yet to be reclaimed 
 
 FARM SCENE IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 

 STREET SCENE IN DUNCAN 
 
 in the Duncan valley, and if a storage dam were built 
 on the Gila river there could be at least 8000 acres more 
 of fertile land put under cultivation, and thus add to 
 the agricultural wealth of the valley and count3^ 
 
 The valley, about 35 miles in length, is protected on 
 either side by high rugged mountains, which add to its 
 scenic beauty, and act as a protection from the chilly 
 blasts of the north and the scorching winds of the south. 
 
 The climate of the Duncan valley is ideal in every 
 respect. The average rainfall for the past ten years was 
 11.17 inches. In winter the days are just cool enough to 
 be delightful, while in summer the heat is not so intense 
 as in some other parts of the state, the altitude being 
 3,643 feet. Conditions are such that the farmer is 
 enabled to work the soil the entire year. The mean tem- 
 perature at Duncan for the past ten years was about 63. 
 
 Bumper crops are grown in the Duncan valley. Corn 
 will average 100 bushels to the acre; barley from 70 to 
 90 bushels; wheat from 50 to 70 bushels; alfalfa 6 to 7 
 tons an acre, with four or five cuttings a year. With 
 vegetables even better results are obtained. 
 
 A part of the Duncan valley extends across the 
 boundary line into New Mexico, but is all tributary to 
 the town of Duncan. Conditions exist there as else- 
 where in the valley, and there are some excellent farms 
 in this localitv. 
 
 A RANCH IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
SHEEP GRAZING IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 Duncan Valley being in such close proximity to the 
 mining towns of Clifton, Morenei and Metcalf , the farmer 
 finds a ready market for all farm produce at an excep- 
 tionally good price. The farmers of the Duncan valley 
 have another great advantage in the fact that they 
 produce all they need, with the exception of a few 
 groceries, and the clothing they wear. The corn and 
 barley are used to fatten hogs and cattle; the wheat is 
 sold to the local mill; the alfalfa is fed to the local dairy 
 herds; all the range cattle are wintered on the farms, 
 where they are fattened, killed and then marketed in 
 the county. 
 
 The transportation facilities of the valley are excellent, 
 as the El Paso & Southwestern railroad runs through 
 it, and the best highway system in the state, makes it 
 possible for the farmer to transport his products to 
 marketing points at a minimum cost by auto truck or 
 team. 
 
 The town of Duncan is the principal city in the valley, 
 with a population of about 750, fifteen business houses, 
 two garages, one bank, two hotels, restaurants, several 
 churches, a grammar and a high school, unexcelled by 
 any in the state. Duncan has Masonic and K. P. lodges. 
 
 A DUNCAN VALLEY RANCH AND FRUIT ORCHARD 
 
1 TROPHIES OF A DAY'S HUNT NEAR DUNCAN 
 
 2. CAVE DWELLING NEAR DUNCAN 
 
 3. A CANYON NEAR DUNCAN 
 
 4. CAVE DWELLINGS ON THE GILA RIVER NEAR DUNCAN 
 
ADOBE RANCH HOUSES— DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 The people of the Duncan valley are to be congratu- 
 lated on having an institution such as the Bank of Dun- 
 can in their midst. The bank was opened for business 
 in 1908 with a capitalization of $25,000.00. The stock- 
 holders have never received dividends of less than 20 
 per cent per annum, and the surplus at the present time 
 is S12,500.00. During the life of the institution the 
 total resources have attained a maximum of $334,563.19. 
 The bank's closest competitor is 32 miles distant. It has 
 among its patrons large cattle men, substantial farmers, 
 merchants and several mining companies. All of these 
 make the bank their headquarters for the transaction of 
 any business of importance, thus giving support to a 
 home institution. The officers of the bank are always 
 behind any project that will increase the resources of 
 the valley and county. The fact that the resources of the 
 bank are derived from such a diversity of sources causes 
 it to be recognized as one of the strongest in the state. 
 
 Duncan also has a flour mill which turns out fifty 
 barrels per day of a product that cannot be excelled 
 anywhere in the country. A new creamery has just 
 been established with a daily capacity of 2,500 pounds 
 of butter, 250 gallons of ice cream, and ten tons of ice. 
 In connection with the creamery is a cold storage plant 
 
 A DAIRY RANCH IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
iHb 
 
 Ma 
 
 
 
 I^BSBHKpi^ 'f M ji r^ 
 
 fc^ 
 
 
 A RANCH SCENE IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 capable of caring for all the produce of the valley, such 
 as dressed meat, eggs and dressed poultry. The Duncan 
 Valley Utilities & Supplies Corporation is the promoter, 
 and its plant includes a creamery, ice plant, refrigerating 
 plant, electric light and power plant and water system. 
 The electric plant produces sufficient current for the 
 light and power needs of the town. The water system, 
 which is at present being installed, is modern in every 
 respect. The water is to be pumped into a reservoir above 
 the town, and will flow through the mains by gravity. 
 The mains are also to be connected directly with the well 
 and pumps, thus assuring ample fire protection to the 
 town. The corporation owning the creamery is planning 
 the erection, in the near future, of a vegetable cannery, 
 to care for the products of the valley. 
 
 The educational facilities in the Duncan valley are 
 equal to any found in the state. The high school pupils 
 of the rural districts are transported daily to the Duncan 
 Union High School, which has an up-to-date equipment, 
 including a Radio set, second to none in the country. 
 It is hoped that soon a system will be worked out whereby 
 the grade pupils of the rural districts will be handled 
 in the same manner, thus centralizing the educational 
 forces of the valley. 
 
 The cattle ranges adjacent to the Duncan valley are 
 
 A HAYING SCENE AT FRANKLIN 
 
RANCH BUILDINGS IN THE DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 equal to any to be found in the southwest, and thousands 
 of fine Herefords are bred thereon annually. 
 
 Three miles east of Duncan, in the heart of the farm- 
 ing district, is the new townsite of Franklin, located on 
 the E. P. & S. W. railroad and the Bankhead Highway. 
 At present there is a general store and blacksmith shop, 
 which take care of the needs of the farmers of that 
 district. All railway trains stop at Franklin, which is 
 ideally located for the making of a large town as the 
 valley grows. 
 
 The growing of deciduous fruits adjacent to Franklin 
 offers an opportunity of prolific promise. Wherever 
 tried, peaches, pears, apricots, apples and plums produce 
 exceptional crops of the most delicious fruit. All the 
 fruit grown in the valley finds a ready market in the 
 county at the highest prevaihng prices. 
 
 As a health resort no place in the country excels the 
 Duncan valley. It has the ideal chmate. Doctors find 
 little to do here, other than to keep tab on the frequent 
 visits of the stork. A movement is on foot to secure a 
 large sanatorium for Duncan. 
 
 There are two small hamlets in the Duncan valley on 
 the Clifton road, Sheldon and York. Living in these 
 
 TOWN OF FRANKLIN 
 
A VALLEY FARM SCENE IN DUNCAN VALLEY 
 
 districts are several prosperous farmers and cattle men. 
 Small stores are to be found in each place. 
 
 In the mountains that surround the Duncan valley 
 are several mining prospects, some of which have been 
 developed to the extent that much valuable ore has been 
 shipped. Among them are the mines at Ash Peak and 
 CarHsle. Gold, Silver, Copper and Flourspar are found 
 in paying quantities near Duncan, the principal shipping 
 point. 
 
 The Duncan Commercial Club is a live institution and 
 is doing much to promote industry in the Duncan valley 
 and Greenlee county. They are preparing plans for the 
 erection of a large building in the center of Duncan for 
 the display of Greenlee county products, and the dis- 
 seminating of information concerning the county and 
 its resources. Visitors, especially tourists, will always 
 be welcome and every effort put forth to make them 
 feel at home. A ladies rest room will be a feature of the 
 building. The main object of the Club is to impress upon 
 the tourist that western hospitality is more than mere 
 newspaper talk. 
 
 TUNNEL ON METCALF AUTO ROAD 
 
^TW^^^^^ 
 
 LOOP ON SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 In the Duncan valley are found a large number of 
 Prehistoric ruins. Along the Gila river to the east, 
 workmen in building irrigation canals have unearthed 
 some very valuable specimens of pottery, stone imple- 
 ments, beads and skeletons of a race long extinct. Near 
 York are the outlines of several buildings. Most of 
 these ruins are on a high point overlooking the river. 
 From the arrow points, made of obsidian, one may 
 judge that these prehistorics were artistic workmen of 
 no mean degree. 
 
 CLIFTON 
 
 CLIFTON is the County seat of Greenlee county. 
 It is reached from the south by auto road from 
 Duncan, from the northeast by the Mule Creek 
 road, from the north by the famous Springerville 
 road, and by rail on the El Paso and Southwestern. 
 
 Chfton is a mining town nestled away in the most 
 picturesque mountains imaginable, 32 miles northwest 
 of Duncan. A few years ago, as time is reckoned, the 
 place where Chfton now stands was the haunt and 
 
 "«! 
 
 MOUNTAINS ABOVE CLIFTON 
 
STEEL BRIDGE AT CLIFTON OVER SAN FRANCISCO RIVER 
 
 hiding place of savage hordes of Apache Indians, and 
 many exciting and interesting incidents of those days are 
 related by the old time residents who are still living in 
 Greenlee county. 
 
 The lure of Clifton today is not the possible chance 
 to take a shot at some bloodthirsty savage, but treasures 
 of gold, silver and copper hidden away in her hills and 
 mountains, and to the sightseer the majestic rocks and 
 mountains that smile at him on every side. It is the lure 
 of an infinite variety such as lofty, towering mountains, 
 vast, deep cavern-like canons with rock walls gorgeous 
 in their colorings 
 
 The wonderful climate of Clifton makes it a unique 
 and ideal playground for the vacationist. The elevation 
 is 3,465 feet and the average rainfall for the past ten 
 years has been 11.85 inches. As a geological and miner- 
 alogical treasure house, its equal cannot be found in 
 the state, and it is doubtful if it can be surpassed any- 
 where in the United States. 
 
 A few miles from Clifton one may plunge into, and 
 spend hours and even days in a virgin wilderness where 
 
 '-^-m 
 
 
 i^-ir: r^ 
 
 CHASE CREEK SCHOOL BUILDING— CLIFTON 
 
CHILDREN'S PLAYGROUND IN FRONT OF TOWN HALL, CLIFTON 
 
 at night the lynx and Hon disturb his slumbers, and in the 
 daytime the frightened deer stand and look surprised at 
 the invasion of their domain. Winter and summer, nearly 
 the same the year 'round, one finds a continuous round 
 of pleasure and delightful surprises in and around Clifton. 
 
 The sportsman will have no difficulty in equipping 
 himself with a pack outfit and guide for a hunting or 
 fishing trip into the mountains. If on a hunt he will find 
 an abundance of deer, turkey and bear. In fact the best 
 hunting ground in the state will be at his disposal. If 
 bent on fishing, a day's journey will land him where he 
 can enjoy the rarest of sport to a fisherman, that of 
 filling his creel with speckled trout. 
 
 CHfton is the hub of the district for all supplies, as it 
 is the terminus of the railroad, and because of its ac- 
 cessibility by auto roads. All supplies tor the road camps 
 are freighted from the town by auto trucks. 
 
 So thoroughly up-to-date are the contractors who are 
 building the new Springerville road that they have a 
 portable school house which is moved with the camp, 
 
 BIRDSEYE VIEW OF CLIFTON FROM SMELTER HILL 
 
A VIEW OF SLAG DUMP AND SOUTH CLIFTON SHOWING SHANNON SMELTER 
 
 and a teacher is employed to teach about 35 children 
 of the Mexican laborers. 
 
 Clifton is an incorporated city and is governed by a 
 Mayor and Common Council. The City Hall is a building 
 of architectural beauty, with council chambers, offices, 
 fire engine room and jail, the latter now being used as 
 sleeping quarters for the members of the fire department. 
 
 Clifton has the most modern and complete fire 
 fighting apparatus obtainable, which consists of an 
 American La France Fire truck of 105 horse power, with 
 connections to the fire plugs, of which there are 50 located 
 throughout the city, rotary pump of 350 gallons per 
 minute capacity, a 40 gallon chemical apparatus, 1000 
 feet of large hose and 200 feet of chemical hose. There is 
 a paid fire department. The alarm system is electrical, 
 and of the latest type, such as is found in all large cities. 
 
 Clifton has on exhibition in her city hall a very inter- 
 esting souvenir of the olden days when freight was 
 brought into that town by ox teams. The bell of the first 
 locomotive used in Arizona, which was brought to 
 Chfton from La Junta, Colorado by ox team in 1880, 
 
 BIRDSEYE VIEW OF SOUTH CLIFTON 
 
TOP— HIGH SCHOOL, CLIFTON 
 
 CENTRE— HILLS FLAT GRAMMAR SCHOOL, CLIFTON 
 
 BOTTOM— HIGH SCHOOL AUDITORIUM, CLIFTON 
 
VIEW OF RESIDENCE SECTION, SOUTH CLIFTON 
 
 hangs in the hall. The engineer was Henry Arbuckle, 
 and the locomotive was owned by the Arizona Copper 
 Company, and was used on a narrow gauge road be- 
 tween Clifton and Metcalf. This was the first railroad 
 ever built in Arizona. 
 
 Clifton has excellent public playgrounds for the city's 
 children, and public camp grounds for tourists are being 
 fitted up. 
 
 Clifton has a modern ice plant with a daily capacity 
 of 30 tons, and in connection there is a refrigerating 
 plant capable of caring for 25 tons of produce daily. 
 
 The visitor to Clifton who leaves his camera at home 
 will have much to regret. The winding roads, the jagged 
 crags, the towering peaks, the deep ravines, the vari-hued 
 rocks, all offer a rare opportunity to the kodak enthus- 
 iast not even surpassed by the famous Grand Canon. 
 
 Some of the most substantial as well as the most 
 beautiful buildings in the state are to be found in the 
 
 TOWN HALL AND FIRE STATION, CLIFTON 
 
CONCRETE BRIDGE— CLIFTON-METCALF HIGHWAY 
 
 city. Among those worthy of mention are the County 
 Court House, the City Hall, the Railway Station, the 
 Post Office building, the Phelps Dodge Corporation 
 buildings, the Church edifices, the School buildings and 
 many beautiful residences. 
 
 Clifton's school facilities are equal to those found 
 in any modern city. There are five grade schools and a 
 well equipped High School in the city. Almost all religious 
 denominations are represented, and several of them 
 possess beautiful and substantial church edifices. The city 
 supports a Masonic lodge, an Eastern Star, Consistry- 
 Commandry Club, Harold E. Wilson Post American 
 Legion, Elks Lodge, Odd Fellows and Rebecca lodge, 
 Knights of P^^thias lodge, and an Alianza Hispano- 
 Americano lodge. Clifton can boast of the livest 
 Commercial Club in the Southwest, from the standpoint 
 of securing improvements for the city and the surround- 
 ing country. There is also an excellent Y. M. C. A. 
 
 Clifton is modern in every respect, having one of the 
 best sewer systems in the country. The water system is 
 the best that can be had, and the electric light plant is 
 kept right up to the minute with the latest improved 
 power generating machinery. 
 
 A RESIDENCE SCENE AT CLIFTON 
 
BMfiii^^fefft^ y -^ "' ^- ' .LJi....^^^i 
 
 
 
 ^^^ 
 
 ^^S 
 
 ^^^^^^ 
 
 S^^aSl^^M^^^S 
 
 |,v,r.■qpC:^«^.JJ^ 
 
 
 ES 
 
 
 A RANCH SCENE NEAR CLIFTON 
 
 Concrete retaining walls on either side of the river 
 adequately protect the residence and business sections 
 of Clifton from flood waters that at times swell the San 
 Francisco river, which runs through the city. Not only 
 are the banks of the river thus walled, but Chase creek, 
 which empties into it, is also safeguarded by concrete 
 walls. 
 
 A large smelter owned by the Phelps Dodge Corpora- 
 tion is located in Clifton on the San Francisco river, 
 about two miles from the heart of the city. The smelter. 
 
 METHODIST CHURCH AT CLIFTON 
 
CATHOLIC CHURCH AT CLIFTON 
 
 constructed of steel, concrete and tile, is thoroughly 
 modern and up-to-date, and was blown in in 1913. 
 
 The capacit}^ of the plant is about 1000 tons of ore 
 and concentrate daily, which means that about five 
 million pounds of copper bullion is produced from this 
 smelter a month. 
 
 To those familiar with the process of producing copper 
 a detailed account of the equipment will be interesting. 
 There are three 100'x24' Reverberatory furnaces which 
 will smelt 400 tons or more of charge, each, per day, 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH AT CLIFTON 
 
LV^^brS"^ 
 
 ■m,m^ 
 
 ^-.. 
 
 i^:^^^i^^^^^>^^3^ 
 
 VIEW OF EAGLE RIVER ABOVE THE PUMP STATION OF THE MORENCI WATER CO. 
 
 and these are equipped with seven 713 H.P. Stiriing 
 boilers for utihzing the waste heat from the furnace gases. 
 Beside these, the plant has four other boilers which are 
 direct-fired. There are four stands of 12' diameter Great 
 Falls type converters, each with a daily capacity of 
 sixty tons of copper. 
 
 There is a central power plant which contains three 
 2000 K.W. General Electric turbines, three 10,000 
 cubic feet Nordberg blowers and an Ingersoll-Rand 
 compressor. 
 
 The smelter contains well built and fully equipped 
 shops, warehouses, laboratory, change rooms and office 
 building. All the machinery is electrically driven. The 
 plant is not surpassed by any of its kind in the country, 
 and when running to its full capacity employs about two 
 hundred and fifty men. 
 
 Clifton has several large store? that carry the latest 
 and best stock obtainable, three hotels, cafes and res- 
 taurants, a live newspaper, a sending and receiving 
 
 
 
 
 1^ 
 
 
 PUMP STATION OF THE MORENCI WATER CO. 
 
A VIEW OF MORENCI 
 
 Radio station and two banks as strong as any in the 
 country. 
 
 The First National Bank of Chfton was chartered in 
 1901, and is the only National Bank in Greenlee county. 
 In 1921 the Peoples Bank and Trust Company was con- 
 solidated with and became a part of the First National 
 Bank with a capitahzation of $100,000.00, and a surplus 
 of $20,000.00. The total assets of the bank are $962,- 
 486.32, which makes it one of the best and strongest 
 banks in the country. The officers and directors are 
 numbered among the most substantial and successful 
 business men of Clifton. 
 
 The Valley Bank is a branch of the Valley Bank of 
 Phoenix and a separate report of any individual branch 
 is impossible, for one unit is as the whole and the whole 
 as one unit. It is a miUion dollar institution, and the 
 Clifton branch is one of the most prosperous. 
 
 Clifton is the most cosmopolitan city imaginable, as 
 one finds a large number of college graduates associating 
 with the common miner, for the miner and common lab- 
 orer of Clifton is not the rough element one is accustomed 
 to connect with the mining camp, but they rank above 
 
 
 1 
 
 1 
 
 id 
 
 
 
 jll^^nii^am. , - ^ ; _ _ ^ ~ 
 
 .^:^^-i^^>tti9 
 
 
 MORENCI CLUB— PHELPS DODGE CORPORATION 
 
VIEW OF EAGLE RIVER CANYON BELOW PUMP STATION OF THE MORENCI WATER CO. 
 
 the average in being well informed and having more than 
 ordinary ability. 
 
 An hour's drive from Clifton one may enjoy a summer 
 at an elevation of 7000 feet, where are found the big 
 pines, the pinon, the cypress, the cedar, the juniper, the 
 spruce, the fir, the buck, the live oak and the manzanita. 
 This is at what is known as Granville. A few miles farther 
 on is Gray's Peak, at an elevation of 7500 feet, and there 
 are several cottages at this point where the business men 
 of Clifton and Morenci spend the week-ends with their 
 families. 
 
 Clifton is the shipping point of the cattle industry of 
 northern Greenlee county. The range cattle of Greenlee 
 county are the best in the country, and some of the 
 largest cattle outfits in the state are located in this 
 county; among those worthy of mention are the Toles 
 Cosper, the Double Circle and the Lazy B. 
 
 When the Springerville road, which will connect with 
 the National auto roads of the north as well as those of 
 
 GENERAL OFFICE. PHELPS DODGE CORPORATION. MORENCI 
 
[« ,-- 
 
 
 --- - '■■liini^iM 
 
 P^P»— 
 
 i 
 
 
 «ti 
 
 ^i^p^ ■ ^^^.^^^ 
 
 m 
 
 
 I ' 1 '1' 
 
 (; 
 
 
 ^^_?! 
 
 INTERIOR VIEW. GENERAL OFFICE, PHELPS DODGE CORPORATION, MORENCI 
 
 the south, is finished, there will doubtless be sawmills 
 established at various points in the mountains among 
 the big pines, as this will be an outlet for the lumber by 
 auto truck to shipping points. According to a government 
 report there is now available of white and yellow pine, 
 Douglas and white fir, and spruce, a total of 625,147,815 
 feet, board measure. 
 
 MORENCI 
 
 THERE is surprise in store for the stranger on his 
 first visit to Morenci. After leaving Clifton there 
 is a seven mile drive over one of the best and most 
 fascinating mountain auto roads ever built. All at once 
 one finds himself driving up a narrow canon into the very 
 heart of the city, with beautiful little homes up the sides 
 
 PHELPS DODGE CORPORATION HOSPITAL, MORENCI 
 
PHELPS DODGE MERCANTILE COMPANY STORE 
 
 of the mountains that surround him hke an ampi- 
 theatre. Massive buildings meet his gaze on every side 
 of the canon, and he stands amazed that man has ac- 
 complished such wonders where nature was lavish in 
 piling up mountains and opening deep canons, that 
 make it almost inaccessible to a human being. 
 
 The city of Morenci is practically owned by the Phelps 
 Dodge Corporation, and this in a measure accounts for 
 the magnificence of public and private buildings, and the 
 systematic way in which all are cared for. It is doubtful 
 if there is another mining city in the world that can 
 equal Morenci for elegance. 
 
 Of course Morenci has the ideal Arizona climate, with an 
 elevation of 4,839 feet, and a normal population of about 
 9000. It has two splendid hotels and the Morenci Club, 
 owned and maintained by the Phelps Dodge Corporation 
 
 HOTEL MOHENCL MORENCI 
 
MORENCI STATE BANK 
 
 for the benefit of its employees. This building contains 
 a movie theatre, a confectionery, pool and billiard tables, 
 a reading room and auditorium. 
 
 The city of Morenci has several societies, among them 
 the Masonic, Odd Fellows, Woodmen, Woodmen Circle, 
 Knights of Pythias, Rebeccas, Alianza Hispano-Ameri- 
 cano and Lloyd C. Hill Post American Legion. 
 
 The Phelps Dodge Corporation has about fifteen 
 miles of surface railroad in the city. They maintain 
 their own saw mill and cut all their own mine timbers in 
 this mill. They also have a Corporation Hospital with 
 the latest equipment, including an X-ray outfit, latest 
 improved operating tables and surgical instruments. 
 One chief surgeon and two assistants with three trained 
 nurses are in attendance. 
 
 Morenci has two banks, garages, stores, an ice plant, 
 a high and grammar school and grade schools, beside 
 the corporation buildings. 
 
 INTERIOR VIEW OF THE VALLEY BANK. MORENCI 
 
ilSlfcto^ 
 
 l^yr^i^fT''-'-' 
 
 ■Hfll^V «I^^^ ■' iW .ik^ '?...■'. /,"^^* '■^"^ 
 
 KL^l£»ii]iKAfiOOn 
 
 i- J^ f 
 
 '^■^^'^^v - 
 
 PRESBYTERIAN CHAPEL, MORENCI 
 
 Morenci has one of the finest school buildings and 
 equipment in the state. One building houses both the 
 high and grammar schools, the building being divided 
 at the main entrance so that on entering the pupils can 
 go to their respective sides without confusion. The 
 building has no stairs, but rubber covered inclines are 
 used from one story to another. The class rooms are 
 unique, being well lighted, and having concealed cloak 
 rooms at the rear, which are opened and closed by sliding 
 panel doors hung on weights. 
 
 The auditorium is conceded by all who have seen 
 it to be the most complete in the southwest. It has 
 a seating capacity of over 500 and the stage, which is 
 80x40 feet, is so arranged that it is used as a gymnasium 
 by means of a wire curtain, so that basket ball can be 
 played. Each of the recitation rooms accommodates 
 20 to 25 pupils, and all the rooms are well hghted and 
 perfectly ventilated, having a suction fan that draws 
 all the foul air from every floor. The spiral fire escape 
 is another feature of the building. 
 
 The chemical laboratory and the general science labora- 
 
 LONGFELLOW INCLINE SHOWING CLIFTON-METCALF ROAD AT BOTTOM OF CANYON 
 
ON THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD ABOVE METCALF 
 
 tory are both equipped with the largest assortment of 
 apparatus of any school in the state. The home economics 
 and domestic science departments are both complete 
 with modern appliances. The manual training includes 
 a woodworking and a mechanical department. 
 
 In normal times the school employs fifty teachers and 
 there are about fifteen hundred students. The high and 
 grammar school property is valued at $180,000.00, 
 while the two grade schools are valued at $167,000.00, 
 thus making the total value of Morenci's school property 
 $347,000.00. 
 
 A BEAUTIFUL VIEW OF THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
MORENCI, SHOWING SCHOOL BUILDINGS IN FOREGROUND 
 
 The Morenci State Bank began business in 1912 with 
 a capitalization of $30,000.00. The maximum resources 
 have reached $450,000.00 in the ten years of the bank's 
 existence, and a $30,000.00 surplus has been built up, 
 SO that today it has a working capital of $60,000.00. 
 
 The Morenci branch of the Valley Bank of Phoenix 
 was the second of the ten branches of that institution to 
 be started. It was opened in 1902, and each unit is con- 
 sidered a part of the whole, so that a report made for 
 one unit is made for the whole. In fact no separate 
 reports are made of the branches. The capital and sur- 
 plus of the entire system is $1,000,000.00, and the total 
 resources $9,000,000.00. 
 
 The Phelps Dodge Corporation concentrator No. 6 is 
 located at Morenci, and is one of the most complete 
 
 ON THE METCALF ROAD ABOVE CLIFTON 
 

 
 
 „,. ^^ 
 
 
 ! 
 
 '^&P 
 
 
 A MOUNTAIN VIEW ALONG THE SPRINGERVILLE ROAD 
 
 plants of the kind in the country. The ore is hoisted 
 through the shaft to the head of the concentrator in 
 5-ton skips and dumped into a 1000-ton steel bin from 
 which it is fed to the crushing plant. After the ore is 
 crushed it is carried on a traveling belt to the storage 
 bins, and is fed from these bins by means of automatic 
 feeders. The ore is screened on electrically vibrated 
 tables, and all the ore passing through the screens goes 
 directly to the Wilfiej^ tables for the first concentrating 
 operation. All the screen oversize is then passed through 
 eight pairs of 43" rolls, which reduce it to a size that 
 will pass through the screens to which it is returned. 
 
 There are 28 Wilfley tables used to perform the first 
 concentrating operation, recovering about 200 tons of 
 concentrate daily. The residue is then ground to a size 
 that will pass through a screen having 48 openings to 
 the linear inch, and this size is treated by the flotation 
 process for the recovery of the remaining mineral. 
 
 The flotation cells used are of the Callow pneumatic 
 type. These cells are long shallow troughs with canvas 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 }k.^ 
 
 wJ^^^m 
 
 ^^^■P^^JIH 
 
 r 
 
 " nv 
 
 
 /w'WmJZ ""-> 
 
 ' -1 
 
 •.v^ 
 
 ^IM^MtUf'TlSMjMt^^ttK^'' .1 
 
 t^^^'f'^^ 
 
 
 , . ^fi^m% 
 
 m 
 
 V'-lffWm 
 
 * ■ ;%■ 
 
 
 ■ -^B* '' 
 
 
 ''^^'jMJ'U^f *'■■''' '<^ 
 
 
 v^^m^:-:-^, 
 
 ^P^'T?^' 
 
 '^^^^/^ 
 
 ^^'''\^^^0% 
 
 m^^-^-T--^ -:ix^-i^^ 
 
 
 w&,%h 
 
 it ji>- ^^Sr^^k^-i^A 
 
 
 '^•^-B^'' 
 
 '■^tmMk 
 
 fesiL;.:. ^j^M'-^wf^M 
 
 .. H^ Vtamx'^^'f^''" 
 
 '^^^i.s 
 
 ^mrj^Gqm 
 
 mlf^MMW^M^-'^-- 
 
 I^^HL' j:****.- ^"'iL ^^"^SB, 
 
 sas^i%^ 
 
 idSr^^S^sSa 
 
 icU- JBUfJEL'^^^lk •■•/ 
 
 METCALF ROAD SHOWING RAILROAD IN CANYON 
 
bottoms; under are air chambers connecting with air 
 compressing machines. 
 
 Ball mills are used in grinding the ore to prepare it 
 for the flotation process. These consist of iron cylinders 
 8' in diameter and 12' long over all, and are charged 
 with from 10 to 15 tons of circular cast iron balls two 
 and one-half inches in diameter. The cylinders rotating 
 cascades of the ball charge causes it to grind the ore 
 charge as it passes through the mill. Special flotation 
 reagents are added in the mills during the grinding pro- 
 cess. These reagents have a selective action for copper 
 mineral grains, and with the compressed air blown 
 through the canvas bottoms form a froth of bubbles 
 which conveys the mineral over the sides of the flotation 
 machines. This froth is collected in large dewatering 
 tanks. About 350 gallons of fresh water is used in con- 
 centrating a ton of ore. 
 
 All the taihng material is collected in a flume which 
 delivers it to the tailing dams, three and one-half miles 
 away where it is stored, but before the tailing 
 material leaves the concentrator about 65 per cent of 
 its water content is removed to dewatering tanks and 
 pumped to the head of the concentrator to be re-used. 
 
 The principal mining in and around Morenci is for 
 copper ore. Active mining operations began in this 
 district fifty years ago, in the year 1872. Morenci is 
 the oldest porphyry camp in the state. 
 
 The principal properties of the district, including the 
 Stevens Copper Mining Company, the Shannon Copper 
 Company, the Arizona Copper Company, and the 
 Detroit Copper Mining Company have been merged and 
 were acquired by the Phelps Dodge Corporation in 1921. 
 The holdings of the Corporation consist of 10,000 acres of 
 mineral ground which is 10 miles long and 7 miles wide. 
 One hundred and ten miles of underground workings 
 are open, of which twenty miles are equipped with 
 electric haulage. The district has produced as high as 
 80,000,000 pounds of copper per year. The principal 
 
systems of mining employed are caving, top slicing and 
 shrinkage. In normal times there are employed in the 
 district approximately 2500 men. 
 
 Morenci has a very unique water system. The domestic 
 supply is derived from wells and the industrial supply is 
 taken from the Eagle river through a series of tunnels, 
 flumes, ditches and basins. The pumping plant is located 
 about six miles southwest of Morenci in the Eagle River 
 canon. The pumping equipment has a capacity of 3,000 
 gallons per minute under a head of 750 pounds per square 
 inch. Each of the three pumps is directly connected into 
 a ten inch main. The three ten inch transmission mains 
 are each approximately five miles in length and discharge 
 into two 500,000 gallon storage tanks located on a hill 
 above Morenci. The water is distributed by gravity from 
 these through over 100,000 feet of mains varying in size 
 from 14 inch to M inch. This system furnishes the entire 
 domestic and industrial water supply of Morenci and 
 Metcalf. 
 
 Nature in ages past must have played many pranks 
 in the formation of the mountains in and around Morenci. 
 Lying along side of what is probably the largest body of 
 copper ore in the state of Arizona is a large body of silver 
 ore which contains no trace of copper. 
 
 The reason for the presence of copper in one ore and 
 the absence of it in another, in the same district, is one of 
 the secrets of nature which man cannot explain. The 
 Stargo Mines, Incorporated, have taken advantage of 
 this natural occurrence of silver in a copper district and 
 are erecting a mill to extract the silver values by using a 
 watery solution of cyanide to dissolve the silver. As the 
 silver is dissolved in the solution it is recovered by pre- 
 cipitating it with a zinc dust. The mill when completed 
 will have a daily capacity of 75 tons of ore. The Stargo 
 holdings embrace more than 400 acres of mineral land 
 upon which are several veins of silver ore. 
 
 It is the plan of the ©wners of the Stargo to increase 
 the capacity of their plant by adding units to the mill 
 
as the occasion demands. The mining and milUng of 
 this ore will require a large number of men and afford 
 a good market for all kinds of supplies, especially pro- 
 visions and farm produce. 
 
 METCALF 
 
 METCALF is located nine miles above Clifton on 
 the Springerville road. It is a part of the holdings 
 of the Phelps Dodge Corporation and within the 
 bounds of this town are some of the richest mines of the 
 Corporation. Like Clifton and Morenci, this camp is 
 surrounded by a wonderful scenic beauty. 
 
 Metcalf has a high school and grade schools, a first 
 class department store and bank. A narrow gauge rail- 
 road from Clifton runs into the camp. This line is the 
 oldest railroad in Arizona. 
 
 A corporation hospital is maintained at this place with 
 a staff of competent physicians and nurses. 
 
 If any of our readers desire further information con- 
 cerning the resources of Greenlee county, the location 
 of mining prospects, vacation possibilities, hunting, 
 fishing, or in fact anything about the county, they will 
 receive detailed information by addressing either of the 
 Commercial Clubs of the county, at Duncan or Clifton.