S (' R A 1> S PRISON TABLE, Camp Chase and Johnson's Island. .)oK barb] ■: i: r . W II !• \ ■ - A \ \ \ I ttOtt, So M. PAllKBIt 01 SBWlt) ".USTHATloVv < \ l . 'I'm: W .. ,, p| " (J I I ON . K N K i. I M \l'l I R II III. ( HAITI i: l\ . R \ - M . I i , . . II : M I) - . . III. i I i ! \ . • i i . : : I \ . . Ion — '■ I i 1 i 1» I \ . ■ ' K R R AT A i • I' I! I'. !■' A CE. This literary loaf will be composed of Bcrape, whether they will be crumbs "t' comfort t<> the reader, is beyond the k«- n "t" the writer t" d< ' it is simply :i qnestion of !'!• . for the dainties of freedom from & China in (J duty, or the more humble offerings faithful performance of the same. It is not the intention "t" the author to write a history <>t" the that laborious undertaking will be left to abler hands; yel I deem it -luc the public, who may honor perusal, enl them with :i synopsis, which will be found in my tir.-t chapter, the listinguished Tennessean, A. < >. P. Nich- olses which led th<- South t-» appeal to the arbitrament 1 in which I found justi- •i in dr »rd, in opposition to the encroachments of fanaticism, and t" : *. I > I in Btaying the i]».n the land on the • the corrupt leaders of the abolition party <>t'th<' • that the programme of that party, if lowed the destruction of the Southern most humane, s"<-i;il organizations with power known to I] I ry, and the annihilation of the 9 ith by the )>"liti.-;il elevation of the nt of the Whit ' thus 1 rnment, by which 1" 11. 1 PACK. their J piirp u ould I- ' for in v action in th< «li«l was executed with an lion< . although • i duties devolving upon me, during my four years' in the armies of the Coi In publishing the "scraps" 1 am not prompted bj spirit of or vindictivenesa, but am performing ; of justice to the people of tlie South, in showing ho* ; were treated at camp < I at an eai • ■ . re that demon ism led to die atrocities at r'orj Delaware and :it other prison pens :it the North and it' we were badly i. b I will clearly bIjow we wrr<- in t 1 1 • n alone could hn ! tin- snfferin to BUpporl the !>r :nrtit to u hi< li he was Biibja Tlie following letter from the provisional Govern Alabama, Hon. I.- ■'. I '.. I ' - attached a of my treatment of Union men during the war : " l-\l . i riVE I »l PARI Ml NT, StaTI OP Al U\M \, r, Sept -Ttn. l 8< " I •• all whom it ma\ I.I I .. 1 I (vornor oft] r Memphis, r in the I nally ■ li:i\ ing I at 1 .. the f tllt> \h Iced for his kin-l and i-onsiu 1 w ho ui re .->>• ini- w itliin tl of the conscript law of t!.' I I ,11 kind and humane that it ■ . • • the more ultra portion of our people, ■us band and PR] I \< B. 1 1 " l.i u 18 I'.. PAR8 •• Pro. < lov. of Al:i. •• i:. the Gov. Ilberi Ellm , Sec - •••.*' The followii aph in a letter dated June 17th, • . from the then Uovernor of Alabama, Hon. T. II. added to bIiow that while considerate in my . I w as not derelict in my duty to the d : •■ 1 cannot withhold the expression of my gratification on being informed of the kint. sert., "T. II. Watts. " I •. additioi I t is the intention of the imple chronicle of :i soldier's life from field, thei p Chs e and Johnson's island, with notes while in confinement. It' I give offence to ifficer whose name is in the 1 k, 1 will exceedingly • it. a~ I . e need their names with :i purpose • and amusement -and it is to l>e i that :i little family history of those with whom I 1 may !><• laid upon the family altar an try. 1 es ! let their chil- dren know thai even it' the voluminous pages of this • t to r rd the name of many it will be found in one little volume thai ■ Deration tl ilation, for e the pii mall library, I rrandfather's name, who fought at Yorktown, com- plimented t<>r d an almanac : and I hope I in this work will ip| B. S C KVA MS n:< >\i i ill PRISON TA BLE r II A I'T i; R I . «Y SOPHIA OP THK Es'tHOACDMENTS <>V TUK RADICAL PARTY. lllKIK WAR UPON THK CON8T1TI [TON. ^ T I.W Ki - • I •■• • settled by tin 1 Puritan- who effect- ^ ed th< Revolution of 1620, and de<»pitated Charles I. The Southern ( *» »1« »Tii«-- v upied by a more l"N-il Po t!i<' noble family of Baltimore waa grant- ed, by Royal Charter, tin- province "t" Maryland. I" inch adherent* of the crown were a<-<-.>rr!ii" 11 LAPS 1 BOM Tin: PRI8 >S I IBI I . In 1 7 '. ♦ 7 . John Adams, of Massachusetts, wa • of the Confederacy. During his term, the Alien mikI Sedition laws w< 1 by the Federal I enactmi 1 by the <>t' tin- South, since, in their opinion, they invested the !. tivi with powers no1 conferred by the Constitution and inimical to popular rights. The Creation of tional Bank « i subject of keen conti The public nun of the N«»rtli sustained it with virile of the South opposed it as unconstitutional and of doubtful expediency. In 1801, Tii..: \ _ inia, w if • k President. During this term, the V !■;• displayed a bitter animosity to the South, which a chiefly, from the South having put :i limit to the - . in which these State- were profitably When, tl • ,T( fferson proposed the pur- chase of I.oiii-i:in:i from France, the \. .-•■ tn States vio- lently ted, because it in the territory and rofthe South. Congress empowered the pun April, L803. In 1805, Thoi i Jefferson was re-el< P deney. Mi- second term was troubled by the war bel Kngland and France, The Berlin and Milan decn . and the Orders in Council of tlie British I eminent, equally assailod American inter Ourv< l.oiin.l either to English or French port-, incurred capture and confiscation. This left but one alternative, eit] Ion our trade with Kurop to war to pi To escape the latter, President .1 recommend- o put a temporary -t..]> to all our •i trade. Tl i hementlv opposed by tin : . !->• their inl icing i ci.nniM icial, wi u-lv damaged. Tlie Km (lb Decei .... hereupon I tern State* threatened I I uion, ». V .nil. rn ( lonfeder In IN ''.'. .1 .• ■:■ M .■: ti »n, ..f \ • r hi-« :i« '. the \ I , to appeal e the LPfl I ROM l ID PRISON TA1 1 5 I law, the Non-intercourse A < t . I ■. which prohibiten] ! ml and Krance. Nov? E&ngland, how- on an indirect t r:i ernment, our ' and dignity were inwssantly out- i ind. Kinally, the indignation of the coun- ■i 1 1 1 •« 'lieu i - to declare war, May, 1812. In 1813, .1 • Madison was re-elected President. During the war, the Government was supported by direct - upon the States : but the New i i«d, for the moat part to oontrhV r closed, January, 1816. To resuscitate I • ■ • ' •-' isury, m new financial policy was in- \ tariff of high duti< I by ( Jon- . April. 1811 I ngland advocated this law, ! -' war, she had transferred her capital t'roiii commerce to manufactures, for which she d< ri.'ii. The South was injured by the tariff, but Bhe mi|>I> from patriotic n • John C. Calhoun, f South ( i. went bo far as to introduce ;i mini- rate foi duties, that is, a rate below which the oliticiani» ind and the South, till 1820, when Missouri applied t'<>r admission into the Union :i* ■ Slave State, pposed it violently, on the ground 1 : ■ 1 nion was in danger of dis- solution, when, tin i" M - \ >- adin tted by (\>i i on the compromise thai thereafter no i north of .">i» 30* parallel 1 I B2 I . .1 .:: • Moi r ■ i Praident, Dur- m • ween the politicians n"li''\'. In 1828, m ue\* act was passed bj I jjress, which raised the duties t>> an almost prohibitory standard. The averaj 1" per oent. on imports. The South designated thi> act as the " Black Tariff." In 1829, Andre ■■ ■ •' ee, became I ' ili-iit. During this term, the extreme Tariff poli< '.;ui«l led to violent remonstrance in South I Una, whose interests were seriously injured. She al that ;i policy to enrich one section of the country at the expense of another was unjust and unconstitutional. She itened to resist this policy by force. A compromise ftected, March, 1833, by which tlie obnoxious tariff was modi In 1833, Aii'hvw Jackson was re-elected President. During this term, an acrimonious struggle was carried on the politicians of the North and South, on the k, created at tlie peace. The former maintained it was necessary to their trade and comm< the Latter, while denying it- constitutionality and <• • (ties, • their fears of its becoming :i political ne, that might in the hands of unscrupulous doLh . do much harm. The charter was allowed to expire in 1836. A polic) known under the nam< rnal Lmprovemenl i in this term, j . • • 1 1 ol the North, but the South opj I ion ;»t t : the » » t i • In 1 h37, Martin \ an Uu .. :.*. I mrii uuiitry. The Northern politicians pro] ! :i'. and •nth opposed them all, ai un- tioiud in their tendon EM i: \!-> l ROM l HE PRISON I ABLE. 17 In 1 -41, William I [enry I [arrison, <»l" < >lii'>, was el< lent. Il<- died Boon alter hi> accession to office. The Presidency was then administered by the Vice Presi- n Tyler, of Virginia, a- provided by the Con- stitution. Daring this term, Northern policy mostly died. The Tariff was augmented, September, 1 x II . and August, L842. A Bankrupt Law was passed, August, 1841. A law iras carried through Congress, July, I s II. dividing the public domain among th<- respectn in proportion to their population. The effect of this was rable to the manufacturing States of New England ; t->r. l>\ (rutting off from the Federal treasury the Receipts from the public lands, it made a higher Tariff imperative, to iii-ur<' a sufficient revenue. The new bank charter failed. Al tlie end of eighteen months, tlie Bankrupl A.ct • :. 1 9 13. A new Slave State, Texas, was admitted t-> the Union, March .'», L845. The ad Cor dividing the public lands was repealed, January, L842, as iii«l nrri'ssurv t<> retain them as security t<>r lu I K. I'mIIv, nf TciuH -s.mm', was inaugurated • nt. During bis term, the Tariff, which was pres- sing I in the interests of the South, was modified, July, 1 N ' nt. in a sju-rial iiicr-sip' t'» 1 , May, I H4(i, announced that the Government of id com n if war against the Confed- 1 ' . • tion, all sections of the country, North and South and West, united in declaring war ['he war closed, February, 1848. The 1 . . ilupi -Hidalgo, whirl i followed, ceded Cali- t-Tii . tlie I fnited Stal I 184!), * L'aylor, of M pi, becan I [hiring this term, the old issues between the polvt Soul • re abandoned, t<> n it : .1 Bank, m i>f [nternal Imjit a I) ion of tb I ' iblks Lands. The ritory, however,, afforded the public men ol fertile field of d • i e-onteiulfd admitting slavery into the I 1 1 I f the however, 1 ■ ' • In I - ; ■ P i i ... A \ . 1 ' !i peeai I • • - - i into aded In 1 v >7. . North, on tin* - . :irii- I'r- *i'l< • • • l'«»r .-4 ■ ■ emtier, 1 B60. |>r'>rnMinr both, :m th<* :mti--' ntiments <»t" the North, which, earned into ition, would confiscate their property, and even involve th< The abolitionist is ;i practical utlni-t. In the lang e >•!" tlieir < * ■ < • 1 1 : 1 1 ministers Rev. Henry • . i • M u'l i u •• Phc '!. I scorn him. I will never hrine; my 1 1 • •:»« 1 >h:ill go off with my lint 1 * ike it <>t!' to such a (><«\ as that. It the Bible sanctions slavery, the Bible is ;i aelf-«vident falsel d. Ami. I nould declare it t<> be right, I would I the chain upon the heel of such :i < lod, and let the man g© I rod ia a phantom." The r. • 1 i ur ; ■ • : i <>t' the |>eo]ile of N< •■ England is a pecu- . around which the minor matters of society wives like ferruginous particles around a ••.n>. All the elements oliey this general law. ho- rned t«> <: gland M morality" • !•-!:<■! what it has undertaken. It has itilted Kree Masonry. Its . papers, lectures, lutions, memorials, | gislatton, pri- n, public ad< in a word, < t er] eon- ■ •<1 whereby appeal may be brought t<> mind. tat ion and it- language, fruit I irtaken throughout of a character th.it is hh warlike. •• In ! m_"i t;_'r ii«. rlcment .vr ruptured more organisations, po- \\ . • i ■ • . *■ ' . ■ -• . • - . • . ■ ' ' • ■ i . ■ .. •. ■ - L' 21 ■ '.'■ ■ - _ the S ■ ■ -. ■ - - ■ ■ v \ ■ <>> si ii \r> i i;"M 1 111; I'KisuN 1 Aiii.i:. ■ bordc «'t" mraii- .. whining Yankees peltii woman into a rigorous • entertaining a peculiar opinion, or not conforming t<> gome rite of public worship. Ami w ith what unutterable imli^ r - nation does tin- blood l»»il at tin- 1 1 : 1 1 1 l: i i _' ol Mary Djt r, simply because she wa Qo Jeer. This was her only offence. S!i<- died, and died upon tin- gallows, she held a faith different from tii"-- people • ' i had d&- ■ '/i-m.y/r • mi t !<■ <>'■ {gious Iti The ferocious ami bloody fanaticism <>t' the witchcraft I tuitions is toe i«\ < > all papists and prelatists. Here wesee manifested the same cable spirit that now animates the Abolition party of the country. Indeed, the Yankee is th< mimal in h!! '1 in all situations. !!• is l *univeraal. H The f the J-i »nvinced that the hotel . whom they had bound I would not long dwell in peaca Washington sincerely «l<-iri«l the perpetuation of the Union, but he died in the 1 become tin- < property of the South. And. perhaps the next man to Alexs lor II unilton, among the ■ riots, had it clear und unclouded \ iai ■ rupture, though he »;i- somewhat di proxim ' following Mr. Jel i the \ icw - ->t M r. Adams upon this subject, and is a!-, interesting as another \i> i KOM 1 ill PRISON I Mil i:. illustr Lbe supreme meani entiment, iv in-' • type : "December the 30th, 1803. The Rev. Mr. Coffin, uid, who i> dow here, soliciting donations • _■■ in < Jreeii county, in Tennessee, tells me that he ttrsl detennined to engage in this enterprise, < >r ii r im-ih Lit > >r \- of the enterprise, which li<- meal med by clergymen, and :i simi- ue for |>crsons in :i <-i\il character, ;it the hei which hu wittlied Mr. Adams to pul hi- name, he being then President, and tin- application going < those who were to be their ene- . ;iinl therefore he would have nothing to do with it' " i- philanthrophy in our forefathers has become Ltithropy in t! udants, ami compassion tor the \a\ to malignity against the master. nothing. The one idea pre-eminent lit it>ii ! It i* worth) of notice in this connection that most abo- litionists know little or nothing ol and slavehold- 1 what they 1 ned from excited, can ami '■ from a superficial, accidental, <>r ] : rvation. Krora « li>t. >rt »•< 1 fa ■ i frequently malicious caricatures, utliern .-!a\ eholders as the unprincipled men in the universe, with no incentive u.1 iment '\ . nformatioi lired from discha men, , and rilo»;> fou '1 no matter ho.. crated may be . the) never fail to find willing • n among thi- I:i pirit with whicl I I mi HE PBI80N l \lU.i:. thcr timei and nobler :ill, both boi 1 OUt. meth riptural interpretation have been d under which tin- Bibh light tlii * '1 iri^t and hw « 1 i ~ • • i i • I • • ~ had no conception. \-- semblings for i into for the "i" incendiary «1 •<•- trinea, and thus ■ common suspicion h of all Northern i « ■ 1 i^r i * >n - iction an :;il l»:in«ls of Christianity thrown around tin- North xml ian, old and new, I :. Meth' iy nothing <>t" the < ii \ ir- • .'1 mis-: three .In -iniy raptured and whenever an annivi bring • !ii/:i- uted of division, wrangling, vituperation, and reproach, t ; >n ami it.- with u lih li it is wont to !><■ in\ ested. Iy, the i ' :il>"!:ti"' ■ .-.'11- ptant "ii upoi • H .th. \* '■ e * •: ■■' ' old Confederation, tlie amoai territory [Sou then pquare m onnl on ned by • lu-rn 81. In 1 783, \ to the 1 United ■ ■ norti i \'ii... Id 1787, th< N rthern • t.» tlieir own exclusive u-<-, by pMMig the celebrated ord whereby . ind all 1 excluded from the • in tin- from I i million* of dollars, the territory " 1.1 V. 1 ! territory. Ii M ' ' III] free ten rnary, 1 Bill, I \IW.K. L'.. i the I th an an ■ u hi'-h I r 341, M>3 rjnarc U , Flordia oi - ted liy the N'orth. M squire I mpted to off tV'>; there I • ■ i • ■• Of all l I >w< I than lias ■ li. :i|).i|| til- < 1 1 . ill li furl . I . 8 -nth, and t > drain : ■ cd mi ti the i un- r, until, 1 • v ii> own ii. .il outnumber ti by h ■ property, and I ■ 1 I i .ti:. W ■ .' the Ill I III PRISON T mu.i:. 21 ' it i « » 1 1 i — 1 1 in, and, with fran- of the negroes, through incen- med thcin to the ground, and pro- throughout the entire community thai incipient thought of future manu- \\ • of liiBtorical t":i>u t!!ii. Thej "th inconvenience • ii the I ho were forced upon England Colonies, were ble business upon the solitary The principal occn- 1 i e :iu"Ii<". M Jeffer- irried into tin north ")' the ( )lii" heme of ■■> tlir trading .-. itli 1111:1- • *!i-' time, but, 11 the Fed • joining tin- restitution ol imoualy. ■ lit ..t" tli> I • ■ d on by ■ i ! •li it had 1" .■I long and carn< n l'_v tin- mother conn- vvith h ftic. The i -il i' I I Soul would IP8 FROM I Ml I'l. lintv thai expire I : 3. luration "t' n :ilK-t' the < institution enjoining the i i by the I titution in the light of pi It lik< for taxing them, 1 that i of thfir number Bhould Thi nly, the 'ii by I 1 ■ tution, in their ii I .John rw ards Preside nt, and Do Ki tnklin .-■.-. ' I 1 taincd piw ision for |*a> mcnt of other I'rojHjrl uid approt <<1 by the I i inent, . bo had taken tin- institution. In tl I lient, in 1814, I •iintiit paid :i millioi I 1 l \\ '• I . i I that had ■ i ROM I Ml PRISON 1 \l;i I . .".1 .■'■ l I 'I was finally • • ' I is paid :i- an 1 - » t i < . t " the Kederal ' I i uniform and consistent in asserting :m< 1 - iiii-t :ill 'it t<» this property has •i our domestic i | old f" discuss the I • i lopting it. tin- right «'t" property in I .' that tiii!' t property w uimman The u herever he round it :>t:iI .1 u< lir<-. :> warranl oval of it. There was n" pro> ' /-. which I : - lered In 1791 ; the Treaty of P< N nnd or Kederal Party, \> in the Presidential chair. At t hi- Slavci estioi aenth agitated by i South, with a \ i<'\\ to it^ h 1800, .1 • in 2, Mr. \\ •■. of Phila- (.'ongress, from the free •i of the Kugi- I in | , M r. I [arrison I i party, thus expressed liim- •• \ lth< ■ • himself," h< \ i >t hers might ii'>t ; and thai the fittest |H»rsonB Mr. Brov "that the ontrivancc I i I many ; I He ther w ho had 'I I > v N • hern meml>ei them '• . III. I'RIS< »N I \ ill t>> lv of n au- . I (J I I . . • . North An thai 1'iir- i . alid I V 111 ll\ th« il' ..|.|MI- .! law I - ild be ulilic led i" ■ ,111. I'KISI '•> 1 Mil I . wind! I '. '. SI ■ r\ in tin- I • i.'ti of i!i'- cotton-gin, pie, and hence ; In- employ inenl of tin' Blacks. ' tana, w liiih added new • in- South ami it- sjtccial pro- ■ I roiuph !>-l> the I I uiic henceforward termination of the : i hud profitably employed for so man} i land, rendered nt t" the prolongation of ii up, they I it, and which has .vith uninterrupted bitten , and the pu w hii-li were bo di I to the North, i by the Embargo Act. in : measures, ii. led shortly 1 deracy. In February, ' , I », deputed ■ n and ' ; by tin- i.« nt, ident, 1 I i rmnent. matured, that • 1 1 put i'lll'-l- ( m. The 1 inuliis i Soul l "ii. While tlii- irritation was -til! introduced int ' M I I ■ I 1 ' I t< 'i ill the \\ li the 1 : -!..ii int" the Ui |i ntlv < '| •] ••»-»•< I 1'V ' . that tl ■ 1 . hut which ■ llavecl I • • . I 1 I • . • hat the H • il to he I 1 ! pun is] \\, I I ■ N - I M i 1 I' ! • ■ I tltitf pill 1 \i- FROM l III. PRISON l Al.l I . ...> •u to Lil'i-r [i M ch, \> '■>. \ ir- ■ furnish tho < lolonists in Lib i of tin- •• Richmond and Mancl 1 with impleraci I . darks to t to L re frequent all over tin- Southern 1 >>l\ :i 1 . il«l not 1><- -<>ld under two ition was making steady decided repugnance to to manifest i t -« 1 1*. Ohio, Illinois, and \ • States, forbade by law free Blacks . under any : : and a white lit one ii . equired to give bonds of tin 1 i : from tln-ir idle habits, were considered i Soul hern States :il-<> ug there as seamen, should while in port. In consequei ■ i' the Virginia, - ' ■ »tl' the ' w esl I »lom for free 1 1 This ■ut nil tin- leadii icn of the South, Mr. M VI ' I the adoption of • on. ■ was then al the i land, wh - already H aithern S . w Inch i. itton- 1 \\ impracticable idea was i. gland irthwith mthropic . for the ] t the risk ol more HI of til th. I 1 I fork, called the "J i f Abolition. ] cliool ?h< •• i . ■ ■ I to tlie VV. ] ■ •• 'I v . • . ' 'it up t 1 I I I I '■ i ■ i ■ ■ 1 1 \r- FROM l ill. PRISON I \ri r. f the Eastern States be- • B. f J the Bame tactics as their British II of Highly-colored engra^ Black undergoing every kii ture, -•• who who could i ially to :ii the mails. I dered, at the til rous inuiiitv :tii«l t<> t: !tlic I it indignation frequently broke out into • 1 £32, 1 1 1 « - dwelling of Arthur linrch of 1) . ( were both d< Mai liK ntial citi ctioned I public feeling, and the well- •' • ■■ < Jourier and Enquirer," M r. Watson Webb, ' indi- , meanwhile, nued irith all tlie ardor of their puritanical .lids, in 1834 Mr. < I 'arlia- lition lecturt , , that r J rmed for his i md. A in ■ ;cite- I by the Abolitio t up 1 >r detaining fr< I ; that and that as such thej had lina; but Ohio, 1 who South ( l, for I \ by Ma < ua] complaint of her a] sum- I II I 111. PRISON l \i ! . which ' up oiider the til i ' I '• \\." \\ Inch ■• ■ I'. ■liti.'ii h . ;il"!-;il ',■. i^th aim . that il lit high time b it into thi uid emolument. It will in the sequel : that the ■ I 1>\ the hand of I polil cian, ■ In 1838, I ion part • ■ ■ ill the promi- : the two rh :il | th. Tin n was opportune bj Mi m ■. Sin th and Jaj . the i the untoward bantlii ilition, t>> put tl test It hapi>ened thai I ■ no monl it had 1 • led in the ■ it hem •. Mr. V in I v I". I I ■ u 1840, i I I in: PRISON I U ire t" the <-ii ivery i titutiou," and institutional inter- i f the North with the H 'I'll, were highly criminal." I N them Abolitionists ut aroused ;i deep and natural feeling I tlmt had Unburns, I' lokfi remaining in the 5 I . 1840, bIiouUI ed. 1 i handful of Abolitioi , N. Y., : formerly to transform from a moral into a political question ; and political organization. - ■ i • • 1 1 with the parties of the 1, Mr. I3iru< the 1 nited Stat -. I' to observers, that the . bolition were n<»t >■> much I '. ■!! t'» II N ■ . irded I leral ed but ■ new ii the d ikened by I'hi- tin*' country had once formed i ;.. Spain, i in insur- • lit, and \\-i- itions rojeet her t.t the I nited Si I ' _•■<■ lii> ma, in New 1 . inexation n the . but on tl Ill ■ nd 1'V o] id for i should I" •ii i>r wil \ lull follow* ' ' ' [) [844, by S is, led hi I imprnmi M Mr. NV. II. who ' N ii i i Yel N 1 1 I ' ! • . And l ' IPS ! ROM l III PRI» IN TA1 -11 1 II • . . linsl the 7,000 tln<>\\ ii • !". r ingenious mod itement, :i di '. kepi alive at 1 1 1 » - North ae t<> the l 9 I the them, :i 'itl proof of their H:_ r lit t<> rank I • ontroi < v~\ \\ ftf rather infl than of the Federal ireme 1 [) Reott caae, 1 B63, w Inch Bel tied that s of the, Ui In h'il. • on iv-:i|.]>r.-in (I iii < . and the th «>n th -iiit v. ith the Wesl mi pied to render I h bill »■ nt in ; iortetl l»\ M r. I - I II - Ml] contained :i claua to repeal the famous ■nt It "t" the territories i impromise in »f adjusting the disputi -litii- than doubtful, t. >r i '• that I •! any power con- 1 titution t ee individual could ng t<> their pleasure. • ally r nullit\ . I>e<»uee tnhle t" the north of it thai it would I only to the south of this ilture mi ;it and n II g on to its • • l\ to fai »f the S \ v le in the N I uland - already ruits iPH I BOM I HE PRISON I U in the nen crusade against . and funds in thi of bounty were liberally distributed. This unusual n t«> stimulate emigration wa obtaining a majority for the Northern people. Sm- : nipt, made with demonstrate vehement hostility t<> the South, re t-» pro and r< i of course, \s;i> calculated upon by i!i«- Anti-slavery propaganda, and the) were uol disappointed. Tl 3 ol M asouri, directlj joining K ifi in>t d to be forestalled, and, as it were, forced <'iit of their legal shai ritory in Hi.-li • i oximity : bo thej <• 1 i • 1 their lx»1 t" i emigration too, bul the slaveholders were naturally chary t-> carry their I with them, :i- they were Bure to 1"' tempted away. As a matt mpossiblc for i : pie of the two oppo . in their intemperate state <•!' mind, t" li\«' 1 » »i i j_r in ]■■ • ther. ( '..Hi urn d, and • »ued. The Abolitionists wei 'v waitin i£ rightly anticipated that :i conflict, r or later, was inr\ itable. When the looked-for intelligence :it ! i wild and furious shriek for "bleeding Kansa ■ ■ in s tliousand echoes through all the valleyi ;land. The • of the Abolitioni i -I with the rdanl nj.j.i :il- to tlie passions of tin- people, and notliing Lilt imprecations <»t the most startling d< acription nched against the "Bonier Ruffians," as the settlers from Missouri were forthwith c) Public* lied in th( the j.nlj.it • trum for clerical ten rapid! • >t t«- buy arn mmunition for tl ; defenders «.t" an I Kai . . whose • 1 with the halo "t" martyrdom. n •• Sh u i in th.- well-sus- t be Abolitionists, ;muld collect the monej t" pay for tin in. in I lurch, tlie followiug Sabbath, which \sa- done. ; i ingcniuuH i I< ■ • . and wj tjkilfullv handled, could not tail ' the Bympatbiee and -iir the paa- 1 1 1 1 1 1 u i u i \ . Ever ail the Abolition ii laltorioual) in capping the mind of tlie N<>ri!i on the subject of Black Slavery ; nor musl it U n that they app< aled t«» something more its philanthropy, when tin d the cry of "No I '■ : : <-li sunply meanl that all that coiuttry stretching from the Mi iippi t<> • • I," Mounl given up \>< Northern It was natural, certainly, that bo palatable • able at tlie North : but just as • should be unwelcome at tli»' South, whose rimomoualy I 1 ihlicun party mel in com ention in i , June, 1 fcJ56, and made, for the first time, a party action. They ftelected t'.ir t 31 p. John ( '. Fremont, ■ . of th< army, but w ith- il anti i'ihIi nt-. I • thought judicious . politician I ly identified w ith : i&ible conscqw i thought " of tli«' North. i tutred, t in part) w< nt to the polls, •.n«l brought off a \ ote of 1 ,33 I ■ atic party, which wae Link I- N orth and South ; but the line that, w ith th< . the) aould can) ofl ', I860. It wai thus that the in of slavery, borrowed from I by our Abolitio i kept alive by their ;hly injected by it, waa, lion and made a part) In < • • red which amazed tlie ■ Pfl PROV I HE li Bl I". ■ '. of \ i John Bro i I '• om ii had figured daring ring-leader of tin- ai d con- tended for tin ided, In- was reduced to at the loss <>t' tin- sten W I ether it inspired him, n<> . ribie projed of setting on f< hollowed l.\ a handful <«t' obtain the arn ; . and n t>. si T< i doubt, the affrighted blacks ran to their n . and some were &ho1 tt. mpl lied by the X • leratea, and th< ntion. riling"* • <1 by the titter failure of tl outrage, for it showed thai the blacks w with their home*, and desired not the < I. Another thing, if not quite ■ I ->i M i in 01.-. Thin madman, Brown, had I" nd it v - mth how far he was ineib ! alien : l -t their • nk tlir art i : ]'Tm\ :il of the Aboli - tells tolled for tlie ■ deep into tin- mind ition of their property ami th< •urn-il in ' •i that tin \ ; \r- i KOM i in. i u-"\ i \\>,\ i . !."» I ered that a b " I ding ( ': being secrotlj eircu- ; i document.' 1 The | ime wa ertion, n.^ . tlial the free labor <'t' the North wae ■ • than the black labor of the South. The v Iolent in the extreme. We n ill . which will enable the reader to form ■M of the character and < >t »ji*»-t of the work : .:, ci\ il. and political I practical period." — 'iturv hence, it' the South re- 1 i -I turbid ! she will h<- t'> the N I ' ind Ireland t<> i ribed No Co-operation with . ... Kellowslup with them in ;i w ith them in Society. No Re- i ' . in. ii. . R . « tutlaws, ... •• \\ _-ht t.» be, the desire, the • iuv of tlie Republican party t<> . • what will, transpire what may, i i\ must be abolish* d." (p. It •• \\ dish Blaverj at all hazards on, of w hatever nature, it its to bring against us. Of this ■ in thru, eord- ii..n that all the Pro-sis luced to a parallel • .1 w ithin the oella Shall we i\ I he whl 1] rnal pillai ■ •■li-li it . t.) | in v means I ■ : North, ( t'r<»in • I ion. .' tbe 1 1- in q lipped i . . the writer • ! 1 i ' mind ><\' th< N ■ hood W - truth. 1 1 ' I for the I' The N i ■ the ted Mr. U Hall . i ■ I 1 ; I i I . W I ! IPS i ROM in: '■ i \i'.i i . 17 wily ■ ; but, to 1 am Lincoln, ition on ! the braham Line »ln, the rep- Rci . l»llf \v!; like the Trojan ! Id, tho ai ! U)oHtion ■ Shorl 1 \ • h • pub- Mr. 1 •i." h and Sonth, I h, Spanish, :unl I .' law, bul from the laws of the ■ in all the I it would the S who Dcclarat I , to ■1 tli.'V li-'! I 1 • the power to tn\ • it trom • 11 on N ■k.'il tlv 11 north of i 1 I ROM I UK PRISON I IfiLB. • !i the - -h. The ilul l I <'ut i- undoubtedly t.« pit the i upon the Terril pie there • rui their own la »n of the slave question gn nally out ofthechnj land, at being deprived of the Slave Trade and it.- profits. It was prolonged by the mutual irritation that 1 the purchase <>t' Louie necL I . ipation i in all the S 1 l until Abolition for ;|>"ii tin Abolition made little progress, until unscrupulous par- •• I with it t"«>r | rnmenl t" exclude I 'in the Territories, lias been blended with the - to the ■' ilavery." The cry of "I Soil" was raised in 1848, b\ Mr. Van Buren, to his non-nomination \<\ the South, T ed by the influ< I lenry ( 'lay. \ compromises, by tl onal I -i 1 " of the Northern Si n followed. •' the M I ompromise, in 1 s "> I. Attempt, by the A b ". bid] v* 1 by the South. • :irt \ . under tin- lead oi Mr. \\ . II. • . ■ i 1 85 .•t" the North, followed by tin- ii f \ John Brov n, in , • , : >n of the 1 1 ■• [j I Vol 'h. to justify to I I titution of < !<>ngr< as, has M i ..vol' Soil South, i domii the • ■ • ion h\ tli<- \>»rth. whieli ned with ki nil kPfi FRi >\i i in: PRISON r \ i . i i : . 48 ! into a compromise, wliich has In 1850 they made new agreements, ulii- •'• ! I860 a 1( gal majority nt on the " Platform" that " Slavery rted t>» it- present limits." < hitraged in our in <>ur interests, w hat course is left S To fold their arm- and await more injury obloquy ? 'W « m 1< 1 this check tin North till both North and Smith were swallowed up in tin- vortex <»t* ruin ! I' clear that the South have no alternative, far better they should have live, far better the} Bhould have abandoned 1 deracy than remain onl) t" in bitter c dignity "t" the country, and <<\ unil\ i t i ^r hatred, [n 1789, to our view, the South entered into \.>rth, on certain conditions and . and tin- South re- opinion, ' ;_ r tit\ . I • n re it true that the South owed alle- 1 eminent .-till, she b I : . nee in 1 77«), ami the pn Europe justify all people in repudiating a •it uliirh a--aiK their rights and sacrifices their I • tin Northi do not acknowl- are tin * \ false to their origin, and i rnmi nt of opinion the t\ ranny ind we conclude our the course of »• ■ i »rded naturally ai What have the Abolitionists immed op as •• Witl ii in tli. ir with the ad disciplii (Milti titutional indolence lias into howl- . that if the South .. y 1 MB Pfl :l.l'. rid, unito incil, could net bo1\ <• tin- question of I I I be Uieir doom. Evi S >uthem i : uih and 1. Touch the oegro, and you toucli the pring thai keeps tin- machinery i. In teaching Aboliti thus I i':i«-t uriiiLT in'' the civilized world. They have likewise destroyed confidence. In short, all tin- kind ■II- that interrupted, and i whiel . ominercially, and politically, has . They hi 1 . i- held out a l they have taught the slaves in their ignorance to bi they could enjoy a lifl and luxury, and having cut t ; »f kiml masters, tin in from comfortable homes, inca] ilf-support, upon an unconjj , to live U tin- * ■ he authors of their w retel I led a portion of th< N »rth, of tin- South, ami t<> plant t!, :i UlC that thai form •>!' u'"'' « rnmenl \\ hi ■ ution of Sl.i\ ery in I ;'ti"ii « • 1' the two races, 1, for tin- ■: and I I'll. In other \\ ord tudc the country, 1. Step !>> step thoj havi \ tjority I I the furtl f the M NIK PRISON i \i 51 North has and, in tho history ... it ie i\ the interests <>t* the I I dow in tho li tiida of meu tes, who reg I they will have t!i<- m iry to mi, or t"i- • : 1 1 irresp in in li- the throne. 'Clad with the g oil p >nre 1 upon : that the i< 1 within i Nature and Pro h mid like the ip >r to both, that within I P lent of the 1 I i nmenl e . •nl half fre •. I '1" not expect the l ; I do not expecl the house t<> tall, I . or all the other. Either the op- further spread of it, the public mind shall rest in th or it- until it .- ' alike . old .i- well •• I is much as an j Aboli- ! line \\ big. I have . it in a I I were in ( \ hether !* diould be ; of I he I > •• A l-hound ; bio i I. The - -i i. in ri. "\i Hi' [l mmation : and it' all history I !i till tli-- end of I iched and tli^ dreadful banq rain shall si i: \r*- FK< 'M I III I'IMSON l Mil I ".. ('II \ 1'T 1: I! I I • LM) PILLOW. ID, AM" ! KKI - M SIT. I\\ . F ;i man until South ( larolinn ; i felt the 1 ime had arrived to define my >"L r i:i. when the n< rt Fused t.i Bhade the enemies of the ark Into the political ■ r. i •iifimi of in\ If, it' not my hearers, •■ • I •!■ •■-. My peroration Ti ■ ■ ■■ ■ ■ an in thai 1 plied the . in Bta} - ■ would d i ■ \ onr hearths and i . Bui 1 . i was lished 1 ! . I '.!■>< in i. • and more bounty ." •• Bully for P lly, all of 5 I \ r- i ROM I HI. PRISON T.\: which ent had its effect tionini; the influence of that im'steriou i >mbi- h and h( < h returning to Memphis, T< nne I join< I organization, willed the Sixth Ward Company; found tin-in :i\\\ i U," and drilled with them. This med until the gun fired :it Sumpter, I3tb da April. 1861. Lii ln"> proolaination followed, and the South rushed to arm-. The excitement in my company became bo int. . ring t-> the fact, that Memphis had appropriated i l for defense, an act based on her proximity to Cairo, 247 mil'- disant, and the forti- fying :it Kort Harris, with my old school] I ptain Marsh Patrick, and his Crockett Rangers. Marsh being «»iic of the most recklessly brave mi I ad hi> rs just like liim that not deeming it saf my military prestige with such unflaniabl ial, 1 transferred my ardor t<> an organization called tli • I Guards, commanded by Captain 'Tank Wi! nt 1. - man and a soldier, whose had health pr of that efficiency demanded by thi V) • 1 rilled !>v Captain Johu Cameron, of the " 5foungGu who, although barely out of his 1 mahlc in drill ana military decorum. His lieul Will. Bourne and Otis Smith, the former as gallant a boj i i"> er ' son of m\ old friend Ca] I I • • M 'ainost useful cit ix< ns, the Ial >ldier and genial companion, were effective aids to their captain, in all matters perl I .ptain bing touch which his I' nt education enabled him t" d.>. and the I f< »r act i\ e at n ieo, by o n the 8th of J . 1861, with the author tain, on the 22d v follow , ;• • 1 inti> the - .,\ tin arm) -•■ provi- niona] forc4 undc: " I , h\ W . i:. < \. 1 >. t . • I ' .1. Pillow, tin- form* i" .i hji in - hearted soldier, ■ •lie "i t( • beads in the uounl K< R IPS I ItOM 1 III. PRISON TAB] E. TO The following order was mj first introduction to mili- t uy life : " 11 i i /i- rata I > j '. / ' • '■// / H . -/ / •> l -\ l s,; 1 . ■• < I'. '•■•• is authorized by me to take com- mand of the regiment to rendezvous ;it Colliersville, I under the commission given mo by General Polk, t" : tnenta for the Confederate •• \\M. II. ( Sabrol, ... ctor < r< neral, Tennessee Army." This kind offer of promotion by General Carrol was lined, owing t.> a promiae I made my company nol i" ...■ them, which I fulfilled, and have no cause to it. Genera] Carrol was the son of Governor Carrol, of who with Jackson, :it Nen Orleans, made inous. There are few better men Bill Carrol; and I am Bure none braver. His A. \. i ,.. i Solonel ' i ill-' ooolesl .-<>Mi.-r under fix 1 . with an undying energy, that had it u.it been for an impaired constitution, would have }.la<-rt' tin- Stale. Will mi Carrol, Jr., A. I>. ('.. was a model boI- i to his father tin- -.Mil of honor and a fitting ■hoot >'t that worth) >\<><-k that has shed so much lustre on the name ••)' " Tenm »ean." I J ,n Wilkerson, I. < J., on the staff, « officer, distinguished himsell' at I;. \i nt, and u:l- ever foremost when there was dai \ m tli<- • .1 motto was a Btereotyped one, "be it on . higli, or in the battle's van, the noblest •h for man to ■ re he dies i'«>r man;" and if J not died, it has been 1 kind Pro> idenee ls held him in reserve foi of future peace and plenty, which bis big h. . oinently deserves. * " i « | ■ — officer, whom 1 have knou n :ti bid r . Mier, and \>\>\> lair t<> Uk. of the ( '"ii- . IPS FROM I III. PRISON TABLE. i i irder from G< Cai the notice <<\ General Leonidaa Polk, who imniediately Bummoned me t<> his head-quart •• ' .. neral Polk, I belies '• W :ilk in, « "Gen r J, you ; I *'"r me, and I am 1 i M3 name is - M \\ . 1!. air, I knew who yon werebef I 1 I T- order i- irregular, hi - : tin '■ bus j • « • r 1 1 1 i - ~ i < > 1 1 t" ^iments for t! i C. S. \.. whili are in tin •■ \ <>\v :ui<1 salute the innted, leaving me impressed with th- ot' the ti M ' iiartermaster during the . body abused him, and ivo him credit tor half he did. The mass of the troops from A rkaii . M npi, Lou Tennessee pn I through Memphis; a ho Rcers had t" be paid, tent . .. had t<> 1 : banker, merchant, I" ■ appri hundred dollars per month. He had able as ; but the bulk |\ ed upon him al< . '■'. • I had th. -in no! ' I le with /Vi • kindl • p, u hieh I held one n litary . •}' the N\.ir, nil \\ i -• 1 and in! 1 ' i. \r- i uo>l in. i :.i:. i . . \ I "...1 jud for which li<- \\u- t and mautown, :i \ illage ahum M< rnphis, on th • M. A < . I>. I>'. : at npted t) ization of a i -r in forming n brigade, to ho com- 1 \\ . 1 1. I poll. I he ThirU-Rei lv formed, commanded by < • mikI thronghout I irty-eighth Tenin Colonel ] 1 friend of i splendid i of friends in the ';. My own ._'li for. t '. d we urn- l< I move my batl e M( mphis, on tl rlic trip. • men, wli ■ 1 f<» manage. Wi '. mm) the initi nuine ■■.-.! i the col( tad on I ■ '•■. hroad-brii Hut: in Wellh .■' n more I i : • I .. ] | ■ ■ I P8 PROM I ill. PRISON I \lil.K. battalion with two M -- issippi and i'"iir Alabama ooraparj which we me: — " Captain, you are looking eg pardon, major," exclaims the waji McCall. "bill \ "ii must admit li«' is nothing but a d tile-closer." Mi nter being an amiable man accepted the apology. as ap]>cased consoled for my defeat, which is an ev< common to all men. After cliargiug around in the mud at Korl Pillow for three months, amused by drills and false alarms, stopping iats unnecessarily, \ ery much t" tlic annoyance and dis- t of the : only lx>at that attempted t>» run the batteries of the fort, was one with despatches from (Jen< ral I *• »1 U, and she wat 'al, as tl (ftcer at • gun rammeil . in before lii-* cartridge, greatly romfiture and tin I <'t' his brother officers. I've tried stopping boats, and tin- » ■ 1 1 : i : . .• \\ i mployod t" carry surplus immand s> i: M'S p» m ■; HE PRISON l M.l.i:. 59 . ordered to New Madrid, Missouri, as well to c .«>t' the officers to Memphis. I- was ■ hying period, and the Hrsl time I if war were realized by devoted wives and iini<>- rent children, the latter, of whom there were Beveral, as if their little hearts wonld break. DEDICATED TO Ml LITTLE FRIEND WINNY FAMER, SON OF \. '■ \Mi v. DOl i.i - I - . \\ v. PA. There is nothing • humanizing, of tli«- innocent child npon the coarser nature of • to woman's love, it has n<> « ■< jiinl in the i in ] >;i\ i n^r the rough elements <»t' <>ur na- ture with the flowers of innocence. Who that dandles the little prattler upon his kneo, but feels that he imbibes that spirit U llsus we must '* become as a little chi Id" the Kingdom of Heaven," and has fc< lings of his hearl in\ <>!<«•. 1 to think of soothing ■ . and t-> «|r\ ise art lee the <-hile rross to them, as for every word bo 8] will be many an after pang, should the little eyes to wink and blink, the little mouth to prs I i "f the little toddler of the household be in the bureau drawer, when the to the ' Sod who gave if. ^ es, the children. The author will never forgei nd can hardly forgn e ! him, w hile \\ , ' ' ty, I delivered my pr ned in the < - ity for a few 1 I mediate Ij i '1 Tiptonville, found tl i by the 1 i New '■ ■ A- historiai . ! it dne t! as ] ' . • bloody affairs, but ■ , fori Madrid, wa ! thirty -1 ■ I - • ■ • fortieth I Hen- f the . and the unfortunate killing <«t* tl i I one of on II ! ■ Dr. ' '■ - . ! . M Ml' \ . . i - '. i lPjj FJ M vr.i.i:. 61 .ith l'.'j "in hi-- saddle," at the rear with the condition. < hir camps in tin- upper :' liately <>n the bank <'!' the deep through our . and they were u- were about ten steps from the our woun ; number i . fresh pork and which i supported bi most prom ing the : !>y that polish ( . I iptain ■ : look-out «'ii this boat that columns of tin- enemy, r the purpose of storming our V) ; oh them, \\ itii a tire a » ud, as per their "ili<-i:tl I i" withdraw their 1 by 0111 could have driven ..•, had tin . stormed us, rather ■\ firing ; their I ' . I '■• .. . III"-! ian. II' M<( !o\i n. u hen a ><<\\i\ shot, tered the . and I 1 i . I tieth Tenn< I ... I] . rep »rt of our I LAPS 1 BOM I ill. I'llIftON l \ I ( »n the nig hi of the 13th, as mentioned, it wan i Madrid. i chai j of the moat terrifii thunder, in tlieir sublimity, drowning the recollection <•! • ii of :u tnl. iv the daj previous, The lightuingfi od, darting into the river in perpendiculai with md, like komo angry »piril in the world of torment. I had quartered in) picket in the court- vandu • er attendant upon tho movement of large men, be thej either fri< i The da of the count) for lialf a century, titles and lic< with other valuable docunx ere lying on the floor, :i foot deep covered with mud, and trampled upon by the and those upon the Bhelvee scattered i i idlo i in ■ ut midnight, a tail figui >uded in a large .: \ cloak, with a lantern beneath, Major Jim andur, ' il Walker's adjutant, ;i- true an <>ili. wore the Confederate uniform, notifying me to "bring in tho i facu&ting." [immedi- ately aroused my picket, and, after some troubli . illy-port with them, only losing four or Ave, who •d by the 1 day. On i . . I I mud tin bad all left, the 1'onchartrain alone remaining; and had it not U ueral M .u ; . \\ alki r, I think it would h the pick< : to tin ir fate. Th( I I Lined "ii the , in the drenching the writer at the foot of the single plank Dinmuniratcd with the shore, uud where ho rem • lea\ e the sb 1 i tain L S. Levy, iju I I Ala i .ii.. I M; ppi volunl much credit for faithful performance of dul in. • Tipton* ille, md I". • which the •■ I four mil< ud, on th h »re, LAPS » ROM I m PRISON I Mil I.. Madrid ; thence t • > the into i'<-r picket duty : thence up t.» the main land facing the inland, which they crossed to, ami picketed alterna with the other regiments on tin- main shore. 'I In- island and main land batteries have been over- rated by writers. The following is a corrart statement of the location, and number of batterit eight-inch Columbiads, four thirty- ound smooth-bore, commanded by Captain K. \V. Itncker, "i Memphis, Tennessee, whose gallantry "ii tliie lod throughout tin- Confederacy, an ! pecial notice, in general orders from the com- 1 i rst Lieutenant John E. S ninders i- an edu- . and a lii a\ e officer, i tenant W. I>. Clarke, of Alabama, v. I [ • I* ■ « 1 1 1 i - i r nr kill) 'I at hi- ining duty, in company with Lieutenant Chnpman, during the terrific bombardment of tin- 17th in I . This batl supported by the I regiment, under the command of Colonel Stead- thorough officer, whi onded by .1. I . Whitfield, >>\' Montgomery, Alabama, formerly i with the pi'-- of that city, who, like all print- aii'l warm in hie attaclum and Iship tin- author i- proud of. \ . 2, four thirty-two |*>und rifle-guns, >■■ I • :; iei l . • Lii mi- ni in - tenant Thomas Jame r First Lieu) rtoc, Second Lieut Mi. i .illt'nllv managed and the officers and men behaving like veto it Kinnie deaen • ial mention, and p< i funned th<- duties of his othVe in a manner t 1 .■>h<-'l him on any field. The lieutena I • ■ii th n - : ill that appertains to tl. inent of his city, as hi • rving i Messrs. St< . M unch, and Roe | tin • .illt'nl and • I /.' " \ . .'. • •• • . ty-two poun 1 rifle I l THE I' ILE. . W . I I I I* ■ • Mc< 'J ore, although y« . i » their \ . 5, ■'.'• tliii tj-twp i - tlllllN-' . ! tS.li.lJ \. I orr< r, Jo I I. euti m I W« \'>. . I ' .. \\ . \\> ( I . •• nt 1 % chip off t i ■ futlu i. Nlujor .1 im I ; the I W. Y. C i I;. \'« . < . . i. I'.. ■ • [SON TA1 i p -lav did tin* nil- resound with they dis- ' with II rei lained n1 I !-• "i< ]•• < l I. I -. M tin, a 1 Pillow, and one of ?li< Their junior otKcenj dis- , ■, II / Ut ,•>/. three thirty-two pound 1 tain P. W. . ri itenant I.. I . ! ,] ihn J. !-•;:■ ■ W . 1 1. Rupert. This batl : men the " Fourth into the field, Lieutenant Rupert ] try I i Bnty- . tw<» thirty-two pound Bmooth-bore, landed ; I John A. bisher, Senior First .1. J. Moll utenant R. J. T'-lk, 1 I.. I ■ :. Second • l 1 I >. Phillips, and Lieutenant Thomas i : of puns on the 1 •• had :i ijood batten . . i ' and Phillips, ! t«« !>•• '. mable in iv manni . ed with the !)"] M i.'lllv, i proper, ii total •■' land (that i and 1 ■ . thirty-ni _ht. and re brunt U tlie ■ '• . I LPB | BOM I Hi l sIBI >n I LBLB. Thon J. ( , Set S I [lieutenant Plea !'. [toe, Juj or I -• I . i •• ■ ant James M J. Lett. I li«r<- arc few <'t!i-> rvice who etood higher than Captain and Lii I ktherB. ( >ur chief of ordnance on the main ahore was Lieuten- idmarsh. 'i • sland 1", who I i Tidmarsli, witli his genial face, sallies of wit, jokes and and i "Tid, call him, is the only knight of the •• and buskin" within the . and if w< I <1 should 1: " it, the or dramatic, thai touch the bumpers, we will o\ I "Tidd ' Tidmarsh is of Enj i »n, :i native of l\ i :ratic conn - a fund of inform il the re-iil' I over the t'>ur quarters <>f the globe, itinguished himself on the L 7th of March, il I 1", in supplying the famous Rucker's battery with am- munition. Being constantly exposed during the hi of the day. The lieutenant :■ little incident that occurred during 1 pari "t" the tiring, must have been affecting. When one considers the men and I ' ■!::*■ I ntry \\ ith which Captain liucker was directing the fire of his guns, und< ■: • »rm of shell, when I noticed Captain ■ !!•- and i " for mouths, and I thought the opportui two bra I lid : G< ntlemen, at such a time, and undei such circui 1 tear drop glistened in the •• I I" d ■• -n'r inform ns, but the ckling t< 14 milk of fa the wiiole-souled II in making the -i'-k in <>ur hospital. All I labor ol B4 i: IP8 PBOM 1 Ml. PH1&ON I AIM.i:. as-, writ tin by him, to please a child, ;ii ii had experienced the of life for half a <•' :. - urj : " LTJ LU. i ,'i I.H, yi>iir p v me, I must Indite ■ lay. The subject of tnia short name, and r a . Ion. pretty La La, li I \ i>U almott all I kii'»w : my name stop, bere'a a blonder, ■•i hum look ander ■ written la tbii B. A. A ■ l ii \ ou'd know ii little more, p| 106 DM ID 111*' (Utill( IV COTM. : La La, doa i j on laagh, I - truly is my autograph ; The! rabi lip nay, do nol i«>nt it, I m rare Fre lold yoa nil aboal it. Uy inn qui) myself " d ol ibe anfortuaate men, •ii< l Ten. 1 - t 1 ind 10, < lenera] Stewart came and i 1 < lown and Walker did the Mine. U ■ . dl came and took tu with hit Urigndiers Alexander J. Brown, of Ten- md ( lolonel < Jaunt, of The i of in v brigade were AJpheun rash officer, with personal rous dis[>oriition, bal an indiscreet command- er. I done! W. T. Avery. I allude to Aver} in an der him entitled to a notice in 1 ilonel Avery was a member of ( » from the I . was :i pronii- : ..t the 1 1 ng made the leading ;.'.rt of tlie Administration, in the spri] » itel Avei n, but makes up in •» in drill. There were no braver men in tl»f army t I Lis 1 lure to ad^ an • 1 I . ! I i I ical and unpopular with lii- command. , of the Fortieth, ic .id <>1<1 \<-ti ran, li . M in war w ith much credit, li the divi- , of 1 linariai or thoroiu/h tad tade a pretty fair W of the <■ * der: the 6th, 1 8G2, w< i for the purj enemy, er lialted at midi ncxl day, lay in the run . :i!i I ROM I hi: PRISON I \' 6 » ■•i>ii\ ille to ( lolumbns, < >hio, while of the most humane men and tmtlcmen I ever met. We were placed on board Ncm M idrid ; thence to ( Jairo 1 I -••. To Bum up, we were sacrificed not 1 • I jl ill, l>nf by the government, for the pur- of holding in cheek the column <>t' General Pope, to is uniting with rlalleck; for had the gun-boats 1 1 ten (ho .tin' morale of our army at Shiloh to Ci ueral ill, we assort j. . that he wan in no way \<- for the Bnrrender. \Vi Che floating b ittor) in our I - impromptu affair was commanded by < the United States N He had four [ H iuthem < ruards, and tl 1 ipe Artillery, two small mo than <>t! grand t< •t' w hich were of light ■ ■■]•< irt the capture of one hundred Wo sun ng twenty-eix hundi my rep thousand. They •. we hat) on< . re is any glory in Buch a ;r.-. the bon Icome to if. refutation of t ; • tding the ■ '•• impartial historian ,| report "t" l I nent >>\ the writer ■ . I". iii.i:. < ii v r r E El III rHEAUTHOl ' PHILOSOPHK OH QREKK -Mil' .1 KlU >A ■ \ inker pars '•' IIKK \M> 11KK : BATHING 1 M 1 1.1 - ■ NSW lOBK, AND OTH Wl l< » inn I ' .1 prisoner of ho] lillon " >-r of " I lam." I'ut of Join miles from Sandusky City, in the beautiful Da Sandusky, the placid child <>t' that angry mod and here I expect to remain, at least until 1 finish my Btory, •'- I am n< ■• a I .• andei . moral Byron, Sai lusky bay ia wider and fiei I [i esnont. I low came I here? ] . I ;». W'hv «li'l II know. It ni;i\ I ins "t" the Gather i iij-.ii tlu-ir children, even unto the third and ton rth mil this i^ my second <»r third, I r whirl). I • • ling informs me u I ■I otli.-irds, y'clept -. the law, evidence and mi, hut tin :.* \\ •■ •. the futfl r <«t" the ; f the t :n the military com t, i. PRISON I \i 71 In introducing im ell monionsly to my . I will <•ii.lr.-uci- in ;i Bhort chapter, t'> make my- •• rer t«> the literary tastes of <>ur : . ii, by drawing on n "\ for presenl pr< r tli:it my grandfather was a wonderful man, Imt it in inM-t'ShHrv in tin- chain, as j .r« •« »t* <>t' nr • !• ii a wise child that knows it- father," it is a much much •> that kn< . raifdfather. My grand- >n my mother*! side, was "in- of the !ar:_ r <--t ■ St. Doi iving emigrated to Cape I- rain-:-, his i Nantz, in France. Twas a lovely I of fruits and flowers, and balmy air, \vh<>-<- exhala- ing charms of hasheesh, the opium of I >'< fuincy, wh< debility \ irmingly relaxing, making tin- limbs •Utile, the physical Beducti\ e, all : electricity. Humanity flourished at St. I ■■ ■ • • me ran- exotic on the banks ofthe < ranges, :i, luxur ler and short-lived, such was the home For more evidences of the beaul boqnel of earthly delights, read the works of II in • M utii .• fanatical, bold and impassioned -«• in the body politic of I nial depei »f "Labette" 1 . that eventual locial princip • : the virtue of the Island. Martial rights and 1 1 1 * - more congenial custom of on «'t" tl impatability. i. Till 1 I A ll'> with the many "t'w hom w • nt tli»-ir offspring in many insf ted, by v hich their crude ideas li: ted to a i the peculiar ! oculation of i ill. ! sad results, a shar] cnii i thi ••ul< 1 like the c uah their
  • \ iblems ihould be a cross repre tfie religious fanaticism in the North, and :in«l 1>1 Iv bonefl of abolition bate with such a banner and with noisome influence as destructive as the exlialatious of the Upa the desert, move of radical progression yel the old elms intact, moaning and writhing in response \>> the whirlwind "t passion, thai fanaticism has Bown in the land, and the heaii of the country i-> now reaping in blood :iii«l t« its. The i ' this chapter was buxom, and blithe, gentle, merry, and mild, a faultless figure, a • : gulden hair, pearly teeth, and cherry lips, a laugh the gurgle of some Limped, silvery crook, with a cin- dereli ind yon have the i«l"l of the school room, the pel of the household, and the brightest gem in the ■ Kit Bparkled m the solid city. Wl that nature intended something Bhould ■ ur girl, <>ut of tlie ordinary couj i qoI : I only know thai the ind is Left to the considerate the principle, that it" mind and n innected, action on the one superinduces n «.n tin- other : ami a- the body anticipates it - physi- cal ill-, in the aching bones or furred tongue, why not the • ill- by foreshadowings <>r dream-land the seen from the texture and in\ itee tin 1 searcl •i of hidden Love, that stimulated the Chal- nien ft" tin- East 1. 1 hope that occult .il scintillations would reveal a . in the clouded Bkics and un- f nature. All nature lurrounded by an atmosphere of tin- supernatural. • stent] tin- hand of i t.> proffer the embrace of Love, at others, our skirts around the wing >»t' some brushing by," and when catching from a baaalisk. [t ulgar 0e\ h hi.- iiiij».- will app a a crowd >ne i;- 74 A.P8 i BOM THE PRISON I I d, and his character ventilated, and the subject barely finished, when l>»! the owner of the cognomen appears. •* We w< re Bpeaking of you," Bays one, and .-ill chime in with corresponding remarks. The electrical influence of the positive, has struck a negative chord, and the \ ibration is fell throughout the circle. The negath e man approaches :iiul mingles in the circle, attracts no attention, is unob- served, and his departure leaves no void, thus illustrating the mysterious influence of the positive, :in> wander round the outskirts of cities, erecl little wigwams, and dispense th<- knowledge, gleaned from their inventive faculties of perception, for pence and .-hilling. These Gipsies were lavish ofprom- ■ kers after an insight into the misty future, :m< 1 ;ii:in\ a Miss has left the Sybil presence, with golden rays of imaginative light, shedding a halo around the future bride <>t' I Mike or Count, air castles, that toppled and fell from their airy height, erected by maiden's fancy medita- tion, at the fount of Gipsies] incantation. The mechani- cal part of the trade, of those peregrinators was repn • bottle, whose transparent proportion was Bupj to refleel tin- destinies <<\ those who Bought it- Delphic power. Into one of these bottles looked my heroine, ami what ili.l Bhe see? I .< t the ' fipsj till m : ■ S i.nir, bo bouyant, and so beautiful. Would that t presaged us brighl a future! And, how pitiable, that th\ n>-\ r-! i:i. I< >\\ - should .-ink into tin- "lark clouds of thy : that innocent, thoughtless laugh, that brings dimples t<» tin- peach-like cheek, will hi- changed \-< .. - thai of tin- drooping willow : care will supplant thought! and an early grave will n tin- I •!'■--. .in, that will wilt ami wither, Iwforc the keen Shrinkesl thou 'I • ii all the eliildi N tture, tl . I havi enty winters ; have blistered mj lied ana burning s"il of the tropics; have in the world's metro- ght eiurerly for tin- 'crumbs that fell from \l-' FROM I HE PRISON l'\i:i i:. table ;' have been buffeted and spat upon, I have found that all nature is weak and wicked : that it Lb susceptible t<> the touch of Lmagina- wand ; that the k their home only in ind of the sufferer, whose di« research, and whose lamp of life is cabalistic knowledge, incomprehen- sible onlj to the (initiated, and my experience has taught me, to Biiun, as I would a pestilence, thai spiril whose son] and lii-.irt i- sed with worldly cares, Baying, ith > h : 1 1 1 I be clothed ;' who n< tella universe, and never realizes the fructi- fying influences of the solar system their sun rising in the midst of daili . ad it- meridian splendor alone n the * purple and fine-linen' of society, and whose amidst fi ad disappointed hopes. - ich is the life of those, whose opaqueness shuts out Jend to whom the secrets of k- iain unrevealed. I turn from them — of humanity and hope in the Btudy "t" Nature, i glimpse "t' that religion, thai emanates from < rod al( u But to : 1 i -trail- from a distant : curious costumes attract the orne upon tin- breeze; she reaches the W . unknown to the m deck : ■ red : the Superc lands, by a prince merchanl of tin- city. the tlrauin^ r -ro.>m ..f tin- mer- chants ; the Sup >n the right of his host ; itf-box : as he tak< - a pinch of !• by marriage of the iiht- I iced : the ( rreek months she marries the stranger; time devel- - a period of time, . dr< "•]'- I Gibraltar, n gentleman <>t' superior mind, was feated and feasted by the hospitality of the city. Among the most distinguished <.t' his was John Lewis, who gave him a receptiou : and wi the acl of accepting a pinch of snuff from his guest, when :ill were startled by the fainting of the sister-in-law of the who had al that moment Btepped into tlie room. Si\ months after, she was Led t«» the altar, by the Greek. She lived :i few short Bummers, faded into death, leaving a disconsolate busband, and two sweel children. The above is true. It could not have been prophetic, but was simply an exhibition <>t' thai wonderful perceptive faculty, that draws heavily upon the marvelous, for its inspirations, yet is guided by the same mysteriou natural law. that, it' studied by a devotee, will in time enable turn, to give r -pint, interrogated language of hie own creation, to respond. S fy sympathetic will Ik> natural, mental allianct s. Ii you can \>« grand- father was a Roman, and my grandmother a I The> moved to Marseilles, I i e, a city Bcttled by the Phocians, 2,600 yi M randfather w tiie five hundred Marseilli marched ti\<- liui and thirty-five miles on fo tod in the grand denouementt of 1 793. Somuch dj imbued with ■ • Down with tlie aristocrats," that the other Jacobin npcllcd \>> quarter the dark >uthcrn n the city wall, t<> th. in from raiding <-n tam< i were thev for blood. • LP8 I BOM l III. PRISON TABLE. i . ' ding from such a stock one grandfather Inciting the Revolution of '93 in Prance, thai I I to the injury of the other grandfather, in St. I tomingo, who with the arraj of L fought for American liberty !i. In view «>t - the above facts, can you der, that your humble author s!i<>ulrded in golden letters, I eni, I "A, I and it' I did, I was sadly mistaken, as the follow rical, but ipplicable, has been : upon mo — G ( up. Solar, had glimmerings of me and mine, and I : will pardon the m «»t the chronicle. , thus 1 end the chapter, in which 1 have proved I am iv. that my grandfat re not "wonderful men." and, although not a Japhet, I knew my grand- ;. tieyond Maryatt. 1 have introduced much of the wonderful, ha ed on German scholasticism, I h nothing but the truth, which must be accept- cranium, which is: that what i~. '■•lit how it is why, that's the question. imanding poet. Pier under the directions of Colonel Hoffman, general tendent "t' military | i lately released pa- rol) If, captured by < -. This . but it' deceived in the man, I I ••• tidier, and could not countenance inordinate, bo inconsistent with the d gentleman. Major I ' • rson is . I i i ral flouring mills, and, ■ them iu the working up of highly recommends them. He is an : would ■ pint lobby-mem- ! i adopted and exhibited in I, when the Rel>ellion ninety da) s, and arch-traitor tic placed u- in :i differ- i from n n transmognified into a millioi I hV rolutioni -• Bvenold F n appr< - > i ai'.i.i:. the change; but the mice remain, and their barbaric : tin- murder of one officer, and tin- mother. !'■ . is a harmless individual, . but is a dai man in the dark. I ptain l'«'ll> hi- la-*, lie has made hi obnoxious, to the entire pris tnuuity, by his l>o a\><\\, and lii- ruffian manners, and will catch many ligation, if the cha the field should tlirow him in the wa\ nt' some of our gallanl men, he ha ilted. With little brain, and ining patched up specimen of half shoemaker, and he will never do anyl>ody any harm, unless iould have ;i prii ;. w Inch, tempted. 1$ ten thousand inhabitants, which, up t<» this wi sent but one oompan) t.. tin if the the blackest Abolition hole in exist I. •. performs hi- duties faitlifully, I attentive tin- pris- I / t" till Up. M:in\ of tin- \ i KOM I ill. PRISON IM.l I . . !• lilies with them. To • >ne of them, Dr. \\ imi Ihr arc indebted for many court* Alt- r the capture of * '•►1« instead <>t' preaching u Christ, and him crucified," was stimulating volunteers it t lni r Southern brethren. This wolf in sheep's • •loth the pilot house, and with that indeli- ry, that could only emanate from a bad i < !olonel Battel, it' he liad any obj< nd uniting witb him in prayer. "Of course The Bo-called saint offered up :i prayer, t'<»r the I for the destruction of all her enemies, and r particular. < >n concluding, the colonel • -1 liim, and asked it' In- and the rest would unite omething, I am confident, t lolonel »re in public. The response was in I at it the colonel went, pra} ing \\ ith a will, ' Soul rn Con fed id the desl ruction of all her i ^ ankees in general : and. rising ■ claimed witb an air. a^ only those who 1 Battel, a re do in ] in appn ■ other man, :i hundred dollars, i i The colonel not troubled by vulgar curiosity the i .'. ho read my 'i\ ," many of them at . will pn .i ' ton's J MI Ml" PRISON TABLE. •'• II morable Alfred Ely, M. I k, that manj : nd who made :i great many ng the ovations, offered up to his royal high- lease from durance vile.* I le al in v <-t' them the most "listin- guished men '-t* the 8 .1 in fact they un- it was tli«- desire 1 The other third <>t his l»<><»k 1 to a wholesale Southern offic el k is a humbug gener- ally, which is 1 sconnted t'"r, when we -tut.- that its authoi finally from the yet hi a ill out-sell my •• >ur people rwhelmed with the yellow i trash of tin- North, that it will take time to ■ . Ely places great Btress on tl have none. I He itment by 1 called by a . .'. h>>, with mm impudent air, <>r- • I ill in, boys, I'm in a hurry," and this t<« his . rank, p . thiiiL' th tut'- r, and gentleman. Ely, it i- trn< a dial cd civilian, and should have had the fourth sheet, a-, in my humble opinion, ho was three of them in tlii- v. • Bull Run, c.r he would not, with hi I ti<-iit shrewdness, been caught napping. To close np, it le, which U Bt huml . •nhrr old M 1 mud, tilth, I conld give thi • w >ii try in but tl :. and hence the long- 1 umbug. [I ■ '■at it' any one i- I the \l- I BOM 1 Hi'. PBI80M TABLB. s l • r\ of priestcraft, I am that man. 1 remember ■ w ith the peculiarities of one of tin- .: I was in Marseille*, France, on a >ne could jump across, tall and frowning buildings of the same material arose on either ;t the fructifying rajs of the God • :it the window, of one of these building tiean, five th<>n-:innii had none of the Boftness of the twilight northern latitude. I felt dull, warm, and unwell, m I • mi., the twilight shadows, from my little , No. 1. A dull, ominous : broke upon the Btillness "t' the gloom, Beemingly mi unearthly chant, doleful, melancholy, vocal rumblings irrow street. I listened nerv- .t ..t* some pressure, as the mariner, ng I. urometer indicates the coming Btorm, to listen, I could hear the tram], of and a procession of dark cloud Bhadowing the street, turned rner, their long black skirts and and black masks, from •hern Frenchman, In front ot' the proc< . \. whose deeper tinge ot' melancholy ible-hued chanters, the hollow- ■ • ■ . ■ im block mite. b their mossy locks with the rocking epulchral tlily. i ir, and I asked the oharac- • , - ■ . . now i.u a dying brother; whal think isked, what his religion . ■ i :uan, • But ■ to-day.) M \ prh ate i :i procession w either a knave, which in parson M i epted it' you will, i M mi. PBIBON I vhi. 1:. enthusiastic fanatic, ■ dang element - more to th Such m< the bead of churches, with th. f the family circle, • much mischief 'n in the former, and contaminating the latter. M ■■:■. from ij r than indisposition, i . but would be just the man t-> march down the street* of M ■ an Ann worth of hair, uld be brought in, anatl 1 1 erally. Moo ly would rob :i church, malt t' (which In- has done I again. am up. Moody is a 1 individual, - not allowed t.> sully these pages, and much crificed in introducing M • •> 1\ . ning, about 9 o'clock, a mera »fthe ter a buc I !•■ , and did not ki made four i i I i, and, of course, was bard usible t, that did not conform with the letter of the law of our prison rules, which forbade, under th. • .1 ihnson's i >ing out utter retn in scrap relating t.» the killing of Lieut* ( .» he deUberately took his bucket, walked to the w< forty or fifty Bteps from the building, and comm< pumping. It certainly did n< ipt t<» led a Bplendid opportunil me for di and burning with a desire t , it was dark, iim of h t.. • were | I only M l III. PRISON I V l . I I . triumphant, drank his water, and tumbled into his bnnk. i i the day came in, and was ■ •in in which the author of the alarm utering, inquired it' any one •• \ the 1 ►utchmai •• V you burl •• M' U tt! ii", I vants vater, and den 1 vants sleep, ■ i narrow • ind the |>oor follow, who i (en trans- : to another prison, barely escaped, having his name >f the prisoners at Johi \\ d our ut, to clear tin - «>t' this ion. i mother comes one I her nli, who will !>«' exchanged in a few iportunity he may have ring a mother's blessing. The mother •,<1 in charge of n-. t>> see her Cut-tl •t' criminals have had the ling trial, <>r tion. In tlie Netherlands, criminals <-<'ii- ntinemenl for life, arc brought <>ut i platform, \\ here relatives it he tin' • fHc iven. 1 , for the I nit' S ernment, I I Icrod in act ■n. and returned i . lant boy nown only t«» flu- :-iii back upon ■ defend. This is bnt r h iiu ( »t' cruelt fifty i, which it has in -<>mp who - I M Illi. PRISON I M'.l.l.. \ry to mention on thid . which, 1 .-nil confident, is from the • :i- not being indulged in, in .»t" ui. r "t" iodnlgei i luded t.' allow •• Turkish " tcpidariu alidariun . /am," •• .-|>r:iv douche," and "j pore an opportunity ot ex pi • t in am •;' health. •• < • mlii tin t<> •i our but not a 't' us, unarm* ind duck I 1 and noise inc bathing pi i>- \ ■ i the ■ I. :ili«l :i all n. ud, and ■ . the hi! i ■ blub it the i that n lhat I R M THE I'RIRON T \r.l E. '•Ah, I have yon, you <1 -I rebel," says one of the land, aa he barely n j>iim •■•in < >i" tin- lake the form of an officer, ittemptod ' in snch manner, u gel up ed for the blackhole, <\ ra yon." I don't think any more of the officers will i-i-k the military fishermen. This is the I ; I 1 t 1 rice, but ;i thousand ]">r<> that mnch indulgence. "Thou shall I " Piereon, aye, ;i Pope, Leo, it" thee, for thy many indulgences, for the many »len from us, will enable thee to issue nergetic pontiff aforesaid. I • a former ■ . I reached from 1793 to 1812, in I mnection, thai I discovered, . t dissatisfy me, because, as a ! consciousness, that could I ■ the proper connections, and had my time-table I, I would !i<>t have been in durance. Rut. t!ii- work, we have compiled a • ! iti<-:il history of the eountry, we deem 1812 to the present, a matter :ill «1> • >u]>[ilir«l by the \ ■ ' . • ■ i prisoners, 1 \\ ill give :i tew . I the "bubble r u," in the whirlpool of politics, I n the 1 hod men, who have till«-}\-.i\\ 'I! re, M irch the 1st, I - . unanimously, save five, of the ready to hall not -C-..1-." hi- I'M-' LAPS i ROM l Hi: PRI80N I U of Ins mind, over matt in tho theory of animal, il kin'_"; the elements, that all our physical draught* ide upon, and into which u. ufHed off this mortal coil." the ncmc of I three powerful foro ■ II > ing attempted . that the mind 1 ave a chain of sympathy, unil I will DOW ask, it' tip ■ controlling tho material univerw What is the impulse, ! hat gives a I" iiiL r an irr< tome precipice, that eurio&ity has im it<-ernacle. mighty leviathan, of the deep, or some huge . upon tin- land, and you arc startled, by an ani- pth, that i plainly your "\s n pi -in. < Jo into th<- regal bowl, through the branches < «t* 1 1 1 « • • o out, upon the might) o randcur of all you nd t . • 1 your utUT insignificai I • rely, that an excursion of pl< in which health) lilroari or steamer, I the hydrogen in ms exiiber- llt, too trcji. \ publ killed, • ■r injured, dm . Intu- itu ' t i |„. \\ ill draw it involuntarily . I lo, w I lutch it •hit ion more akin • Men love I it tie-Held, ■ t r<>llrwn- v ! ROM I HI" PRIftOl I'Mtl.i:. 87 ing in Court Squara, possibly proving, that forces of mind n\u\ ■ i the past, present, and foture, are indis- soluhh connected. I nimal, vegetable, and min- itiiI. are tin- same in origin, chaotic in the germ, int<-lli- eptible «»t' nothing but change, . undisturbed, their elementary character, teach- ing u . uperiora alone in the minute, but insufficient th either element, in their separate Btrength, «»r bination. Referring to Jackson, reminds that came under our observation, show- men are regarded in Europe, and what uion crowned heads have of the Legal profession, ting Brussels, the capita] of e,) it was hi- pleasure, t" \ i.-it K I i"'l«l, whom lie considered the wisest sovereign I nate of this king's character, in ■>• judged by bis marital alliances, hi- tir-t i >uis Phillippe, and bie "ml, tin- r Charlotte, aunt >>\ Queen Victoria. Qpliments, paid him, the kin i'd, t<> the \\ i ••I i reading th'- lit<- >»t' < General Jack- ■ I tiii'l. that he a as a man <>t' much •• ^ > -." r. pi U eral b'air, the American minister, of the first lawyers, in the State." •• \ " i \ « 1 .- 1 i 1 1 1 1 • 1 1 the kitiir. with <-\ ident Burprise. "Yes, Li i . •• but one, who carries his ime hat." B< Urium, is that of r scribe, • >r clerk. I! ah an error of opinion, in • n , \\ . .i . •• on. i politics into tb . I will g tin- nubji the 9th Bell and Ei con- : the morning "t the day of tllO li"Miii ' lie writ. •.■ t«. ement of the 1 . iterer, M Nil'. PRISON I \' in company with the following ili-t imr with whom I had a jul< John J. I o! Kentucky : II U ■ Sfork; who was at that time, a part of tin ire, that t to Ball ertain purposes that we fori marked, "Mr. I om mated." "No (J .1 : i t 1 1 laid on th< . .1 !»*■ ■ conld not ••Well, what is your opinion, Mr. Crittenden, ol lit." "Yon ai is, G . bul we li i\ o confidi in your ii tell no ta I I'll gn <• \ on little :nl\ io . ^i on ar<- all n than I am, i at tknee I think I'm a "four old," bat let iiu- tell yon it i- pn the 1 i candidate, i; • will w . t men umong them, (i . ' I fat little • Jfet, il llep ibli( me maj elect their • your pr will !"• .-till brighter, i<>r the for honest men w ill be i r in that in who had i k- «!i ai Mr. ' 1 1- . i ..m. • r by tin li party. 1 1 but the ' oil heart the pro ight up' 1 in The 1 .i . »*h "Ut.'* ii, for the piirj" ■ id II' iston, •■; in i NV tins Like h I .. w. ( G have ■1. We 'lierc i ill WOUnd, might presage pul " true tor to f< . history, where to the plow/' 1 7 M I in: P] 1. 1.. •• W J "ii lia.< 1 !>•••• vtrondn'l i •' tin- lamp of exjx and if I am do better by its t and retire for the ter the by :i ananim >f my f« I ni:i'. intry, wh I r- i rov i:. '.'1 c II \ PT E R I V AM) HER DISSIMILARITY IKRAL rROPHT. • !• CL1 K.— • ■ [N PRISON. : UR CROWD I R PDYSK M. •; IlKl:" 91IILOQ PR1 SINCE • j imprisonment, 1 hare reflected apon the • brought in" bere, :m•• inspired with the spirit «»f th< I urk, 1 • irbed, and the volatile Frenchman, (t< q, or I I • xl-instim !»>rn in tin Norl til tln> ! the dei I i I •. i FROM i in: PRISON i \r.u:. on the Holland, the Dul the J : here, in a small territory . b the - , it is I inality, tl ■.■a tli ipation. Florida has "t" her Cal Lord H re has • Mt, in tin- Ami I ' itholic popul the South, Baltimore, The other that land< I ' ■ ith Rock, to murd men, who in the I l docu- H bul ofthe • tical < this day, her of tl. tli century, while th< ■ i water. The liabil '. \\ . he, who has . "ii the frontii . the broad and romantic prairie, und, who manly t tn the •ii of the mighty Mississippi, n the len nut: liirlit. inthcrn, and YVesi of tl. •■> harmoni '••. Itaili ■ d, : l r i • i in. nit. tl r -. tin- l>n M lu'iple • ii the I fimpehiro, and I ■ ! 1 HE PRISON i M ■ itli tin'- inec- and I mncb at a Ioe • • Englishman al Bordeaux. Then the e left to w-. ia to trust to the resolution . \\ hi'-h will • :', by natural lav. •• I » ani< ' " said, "It is a qui Boil and climat : find its -it, lmt if choked up in its condition, will run madly over its banks, . and destruction in it- wake. Fanaticism, iwing, thai he and lij.- neighbor ar parate . would drag him t>) his political bo tathing and i lucational lineament A dispositii the truth of this "theory," brought me to John policy, that would amalgamate . has, by it- madness and tolly, de- 1 am likely to remain, at • 1 will in ' if a turnip, and if . t is not proof positive, that he taugnrat <>f t. ■ < ■ faraone i require mean . and an of from fifty to a hundred guineas, before • • of the '• wit-" and bi aux, of clubs have not <>nl\ ihant for roast I" the wherewith also, t-> and I ••jni" lord <>r lady has to the turn • . with the Mugginses, rid fabulous winnii • potentate," and the I I, realm, large . (in his dri I their China, anot ■ U ill): PKI» >N TAJ ill!' II. : t.. ;ill ofth< • • i Thompson, I ind finished schola Thompson, ; w ith the ■ .1 in which, he ooncludi I happj f the country, t.. l -1 and . - . 11 of •• I Qi erful, . I ak M -\ formerly treasurer of the club, but unfortu f the i. it bcin JJohn of his i ub, that ■ ." in which \ k a cent, "ii four ■ v. iuj .i n . that wou the club, the honors !. and I Spain « • x J < u i - _- • I. The J . with the rei i on, \ ou J - it in.. i . . ' Ben insinuated, that i . \\ ith the fundu of the build . appro ruin the . i j * • > i i the • ,1 • , and which h . i put int.. j. under tin' intln- j u j. the IAPI i BOM I in PRISON TABLE. . ]>.iir of hall >rable ■ e led : •• I fn here t<> night, (another ■: ubiquit • my pri who une- - • • I : • . ntleman continued, and held the .:. | >ne member by the tail of hia :. the whole with 1 ronian peroration, his fell into the arm — of his chair, upon it form, in f exhaustion, The swimmingly, that is, mo ; Jonn Spain, lieutenant ( !ompan) A.. I 'irel A . . ! i uippi Madrid, where he . rale, that if New Madrid .Spain wonld not remain in ited the . the 1 3th of Mi: quite the ••••lull," with the exception of a little prang np between a few members .:. >'t' Ills tl Prenti bulition "t" pride, him obnoxious t*> the clnb, finding <»nt, that ■ wonld I'renl the Gonfl . had been deemed objectionable by the "blue '•hi!> met, an I . ■ , Captain Hurt . of the . I ' i • 1 1 . 1 I the <• i up hU • . ■• ■ . ■ the club, "from Tin- pillnnl H ' . : u i • 1 Ik • ■ : much, I I think, the t one. ll ■ be 1 I ». I » ! ' ■ ■' pit . ' I ■ . a lio were interci [>t< d, in their i - island, \\ hose d< \ I Mltr! . St. L ■ ■ I'll** M , with a M - I ed, in the vjuth, who, with hi- foll< .. I i tcli." \\ |\ I Sixth K 1 21st, 1861. I . '! THE PI J. P. ( lolwell, . . '. I I i . tared, J '.••■• I >. H. Mclntyre, 1 i I R ^iment, i iptured at Kulton, Nfissouri, .1 i, G. Provine, •. i • rod same time. C : . \. k . Company ( 3 U t, S cth Division, Si. S. ' >.. captured at Milford, Johnson county . M D mber l'.'th. 1861. James I'. Wilhite, captured at same j • V ■ ■ . I '.. •' tison, Adjutant J. J< I » . c ptured at Kulton, 1 ' 1861, I.', ntenai I P. I . Willard, Lieutei ntK I I M. S. < hired at Kirks\ ille, M < Inptain II. M. Sail b of the • lemen, from ! State, captured :■.• \ M . 1 1 3d, 1861, I ,11 The following li ' •• i — . "I ad me, hern land ; I, tn remain !i lime, •• I write : where ihi In the 1 in ro beg a kind ulna. All natural i ded with . hut the most ten ith - ulsion t ; irtli t<» its centre, that all must pay, the the future, thai to all is dark i . 8< l: LP8 FROM THE PRISON TABLE. • i tided in the quid chamber, surrounded by the io\ j of tlio family altar, (and irit taken its flight in the prison, <>r In harness upon Id, tin- last gasp is tin- end. Although tlie a home is paramount in tin 1 human I terrible disturbance in that society, "t" which • »e a meml ise has placed it.- iron im, and the icy chill of death is rapidly it frame, the wail of the orphan t» -'t' the w idow's heart, at the altar <>f the K • Terrors, to ■Tatli, but he is unrelenting, and th< the _■' "Mi of the household, the horrid of the funeral cort the blank despair imc, the roll of \\ heels is harsh, the ightless is discordant, and the • • t]« 1 for that day Btands Btill, an in tin- hands ofjustice, and not !. ami whose balances would The most Bolcnin »>t" all ■ within the j.ri-<»n wall-, far from Ikn ]'e.l in twain, hop . home and it- happy ■ '1 from li\ ing memory, the absent •lie mother's nursery rhymes, (for body, the bouI "t* the child ami ■ il reenn •' childho ■■'■■ > 1 * !•, the running brook .-■ ring in merry , •he thousand picturt ': round the death bed. .... . I 1 ! ' .1 Murray ■ ■ : M 'a inhnma I I for much, 1 .11'. ■ I I E PRISON I Mtl.i:. 101 I i I i vidua), with i liiiiu," liim, made 1 ■ of lie implicit j ds. I i aud had tl • I ippi plantation, • ■ '- 1 h inn h • D . . who d ] i itthcrn : ■ ■ Q him in ■ . tho I • IPS FROM y, I had . behind ntlcman, n the .•M «l:r. J of 1837, ! ; .• the 1 t el, and the F n lull Cii . \\ i the _- il " of .-ill dinner parties. Th . li;.- ! I • fleet i . tin- shape of a huge clod of clay, t 1 •nihh vigor, by Lieutenant McWhorti . I ( -l.-W'h. ii-ti ir, who ie one of tlie m nd liuils hie projectiles 1 of the ancients, (not m gin Bling,) and i with the power of Archimedes. M ii gallant ian, and the h*fe of the upp I irg, in Block 1 . 1 1> is the most t »f tho . taining his ground in which ho has particip ited. M W " it in 1 1 1 • - Forty-Is Teni . . ' • . • • • ighborh 1. b ■ ■ :' an oftii t, ( .i , of the S nd K I J ■ : nil circui ' '! tlxj . I nt to i a fi 1 mand ; who, w i: < I • . • ■ the ] ' I I . lie to N< • ■ ■ . iii'l. lume. L \l- FROM l 111. PRlfi IN TABLE. ■ t&hville, who has this moment entere< • '1 the odor 11. caused by me form t<» tlie enemy's batt< _- the non-chalenee ..t :i veteran. Nichol bIiows . blood, rather impulsive, but it is possible, that with nerve, may overcome cooler and calmer heads. • \ - « - 1 1 « » 1 bIk a requisil nt. int James 1. Cirkman, is < ► t* tli.it celebi \ el] known i:i the history <-t' I and Polka. I [e beloi Lieutenant Kirkman ison theneld, of the aot much in dai r th>- progress of the i mueb I iptain McWhorter, I . kin Henry Pointer, Third in con with a . remindii of Broad m a < treot, than the boulevard Beaaregard. i •!, not n in the rude Bports of t he 1 to their h:i\ ing fallen into it', a perio 1 of life, when the failure irtue : I attribute nt home. 1 our two gallant nG. R. G. J lery, W. .] : I 1 - his pros] for j •• up arms for his adopted ij of the beat musician In i nded "t' I what en :' cir- I Jones, ■ t, but ke< I ' »lk, of I Captain j| ■ - ■ calmly feels thai • i i- neutral. 1.'. M. So ithnll, ■ • t in '• I Ellin, of tl \11 otl ■ ■ ■ • i i Hinlnit*] 11, with which he ' I ' B4 i. ■ l vm.i:. 105 nidi upon ti uposed pari of bis person, i lamation, faugh ! idor from the shell t linw ittj inil . u m 1 him. He »usly, bul Ay, wounded, a few momenta servi] him, and the attack was He me horrible missiles, this time, hot, from Lieutenant Andrews, -truck iin Ellis' fortifications, rendering him . t'.ir the time being, an armistice was ided t'> be ;i drawn one, and the ly adjusted, the wounded taken from the ill of wliit :. the air was now redolent, i from the exploded shells, satisfying the L'd, that the i not onlj .... •• had eggs." I have met these • 1:1! companionable gentlemen often since, and ce the engagement, they This combal , June I . as the Federals have, was llan, and the l>all that hit, and brother of Jackson. • 1 within the pre- . ■ A pr -•••. ■ ol like that of an army or ship's a members, l>ut contains from sixty t" -»nc hundred. They sleep in two large rooms, in bunks, . bul in our prison tun were forced ; iu r li, the uppermost barely int t.» turn over without bruahing ...in, one Bide of which ii ar- . . which renders eating at I In <>ur n bare plank tables, each adorned with i! number of tin-cups, two-pronged I an iron spoon, a chunk of bread of your fist, to each plate, which allowance meaL In thi f the table is and a half pounds B I lally. I \\ i i up - S ■ N ■ .s : I Puni I >ming ■ : . ■ - LAPS 1 ROM ilftON l \ i will fol- :■ fttll. II' - T . - • i • - 1- his mark :it tin ! luh. I le is from St. I . . -. M tilled with the spirit of adventu plinarian, an (■:': >ldier, and, Like all of < Jeltic ■■ - hi- <>u ;. • • I 'i the Unii 7th, 1843, left tl St. Louis, I 1th, 1861, i r h . _ r w li | :•• d, on tin* " Old J *t mill. ; Union man of thai conduct of the 1 >ut «•!», who ma* n the camp J affair. I could add several minor fights, t" which I wa 1. in our ■ v, but <1" not think '" any, except ; ; field, Belmont, and Shiloh. At the battle, last men! " killed comp jrnothin end bad hurts, I ir from the form* w hat they put on the muster-rolls, opposite my name. I was bro • \ » t « > t '• without ral others, des . 6 u h>l<' : t.i tin ion *hri( I emb as it h:i* tnder th< t R ol them ill." the gallant Si I when found Shiloh, it that rank of u come to :ill <>t u- pris< >i < Mir qoiel man, 1 >r. Warivn,' i- ..m- place like the "dark and 1>1 ly ground." The r volunteered fron M aippi, and as he is naturally I i>t' his ■ [ually as much bo «'t hi^ much for Southern rights, I V Bolen represents the cavalry in our •i belongs \-< the Kentucky cavalry, and was amoi dashing horsemen, whose Babree are the t >hi<> ;in m. fore I '" _ r . I'Mt H imply that the figure in th<- sand by th<- :i handful lasting, I';. - i accept rather the simile of the i»li which shows, that while t ; ineous, •owcrful combinations they impart t.> the subject Lieatenant Moore would calm, ;m> burst forth in r< uy, with inspiration to have made him :i crusader, who would have followed Richard, or Godfrey the walk i rusalem, :nit i n it ade and n ' ( nr principal \v:ilk \ by the figures of a thousand officers, who can b pares 1 1 ird <<• ( Jourcy. The ]>rii m- of the bloods ifl in front of th< which from the construction of the buildings, affords shade to the lovers of debate I ; i of the tlurtoon building -I pile, and here, \\ ith knives in hand, the air oracles ofth< will with Delphic mysti while whittling tlie signification of the I other countries, littl< sre placed before y«»u with and ■ ■ bul with u-. iti.>n must be the pro ■ il of the brain, ami no1 of the I « I r« »| . • It, in Mild Iwj re bitterly <-riti>- men are, (if the truth bo told,) !■!'•!•<• lt : i r r u l < » 1 1 - than women. I •i w ith 1 I ami luxuriant M I'd cut that hair on,'' wiys one, "perl d, he iff until I • i& mr I ■ Mi ni M M ■ ;£& ■■'* f.vk •i mi. PRISON i v. 111 call hiii;. k ii;iir, and Mich bail j thai :i"t mi i. I ,'i wean : to be a would jump out "t" hi pounder, in other rt-haired one, wall rne 1114-11 in our pen will wash out "t" :i tin- . t'"r lit'i< . thai i- :i tin- 1 1 1:111 for tin- du1 raiment. I know who hai putation <>t' being :h ample funds at their command, who will ! ide, and eat . could their •• W - I ...-v. oanl I .. < >. I- indley, <>t' I time he seea me. M : : ' 1 1 \ wai .1. \\ . K Mill Springs, v me 1 1 which 1 Us in hi- that's ■ \rkiii6 _- tin- «lt! i i 1 ■rtv-ninth Ill' LPS ] BOM "I III. PRISON l \i ( !a| tain S. Q. Carey . to all ap tpple, but Carey, compani- on. 1 1> peculiarity i- bad health. I . ttei nit T. Johnson, i I v - ty-ninth '. ''■ . ngly puffed up, and consequen- but John 'I well at D I ! - liaritj \ for a ■ t know him well, and ■ mi ^'li.-h • I . glish) fell Lieutenant-colonel b'inney i* u man. who mu6t hav< out-fit, t" feel right. Put the colonel in old el 11 \«- miserable : yet, with hi* vanity, and polisli, and want- ml thin. .-• baa ; -t < >n h •< 1 to th< Captain Joiner is a retiring, and one of the most in gentl< in- n in prison, is generally in dishabille, and to l">>k at him, it i- difficult to that Joiner, ii nd Joiner in I »m, the pattern <•!' <• and t ; but that's .liaritv. * I iii ■ • W. R. ( !ul\ ertson, I i' K Si inkemitx, captain heavy batter}*. ire knights of th< , and t.> utring and Bti tolling, you would not think, thai '■••iir.i_'<- could inent. mv in the • ■ • . what ■ hap, w ! jor of liif* • n-lit" public opinion, the mosl re- lentless ot' all -..chil tyrannies, would incite the offender, . 'I the result in many oases, the loss of friendship, and thi fhate, ;hin;_ r l>ut blood will atone for the l tongue i- an unruly member, ami it' it offends thee, thou haast better cut it out. Twilight lows with her, and the wood-piles r rand, hunting up tin' si\ with which the entire prison i- furnished, t" cut our . and at niL r ht they are taken OUt, for them, also our superintendent ha The departure of the sergeants from ted. M. i !•!> \mi. ro LIEUTENANT COLONEL W. T. LVEBY.) Mli].- HtxHlt it ; ul it. Johnson's island, what Die totlu Roman epicures i foroigi i individaal in our pen that has complained • hash" furnished ■ The result alcd t<> tin- u d of some our ho met in couclave, ami question. Baker, i ( "lark. Maj..r I md * !aptain I 'a 1 • han- dling th. irked • n the hall- ot' legislation, and on the tented field, he had ceased to or manipulated tangible i him had played out. now he ha. I .mi up, lie 114 M l HE PRISON TABLB. mornii of the i.' it' the commit! i with :." A i ■ -nrniK • committee retired t<» the hall, making port in ith the • .1 1 ill its found h more anxious • •. than the mess in na they nervously mnounce i" their all ready watering mouths and • thai I ion of "hash " had t drum 1 iinon broad, II but would be • it' it could make "hash." In Brussels the) have an imil . " I'lillrt," but it earth tfhere you can get this . 1 litit r . but in the quiet ret :. hlnou ing this, ih<' chs \->ul :• "quill ■ •Mill porcup 1' their pro] than I irfao :nietroleuni >t tin' nuii il tVom bash. i ; M I III PRISON TA1 1 15 with feat i bj I [ernandei tonished the world : bat had th< \ ul At ion of prison liash platen, they would have II , when ho attempted the cleaning »le, had not half the difficult our chairman. It' like Xerxes, lathing would ■■I. he would have rented his wrath <>n r with his dish-rag, that now loomed up with it.- St yx appeared tot !huron, when t Ferr} man : and the Bhirl of V •!•■ to it- virtiin, as tin- influent f rag ami apron upon the frenzied defender <>f the great and m of M hash," but with that Btoicism t! i !•. w In'le perishing, " which many suppose alludes t<> hie n, that held the Roman finger in the off, that made tin* Spartan youl rment, 'till he eat int - > his entrails, aim and collected, while the Btreama of leep in gore, bloody hands are N -. • •■• . I last, South -. " tin. u <:m-'t not say I "!ir:itll his buried promiscuously in tli< • n- loud mouthed cauldron. He ■ • run down his checks, l>ut he t'flt tr . the committee ent< 1 IG M : BE PRISON : \' l.v ( !olo 1 1 . who wit . thml I II-.' Mavnard, bowl went op from the oommitl which "ThOM 1: . .Uxiut it — 1 I him- Belf tO 1 Hll'l utter • the tl • .rii.ii"!. . in tli.' • I • if Alph< prophet, ..r tip good j u • 3 _ 1 1 him im; nquil and : reminded of hi- failure, then n . --'1 n *• i: In the endl< f hnman nature, within «>nr "iir m i r I '■ hom :ir<- in- :. of mnch 1 1 - an unqui y man 1. semblance • liiiu of tin- christian : i • • r ( Catholic, hut I H ■ ' their an N"t with the j.urii ( 'hn-t : I appli- - M mi: PRISON 1 Mil. I.. 1 1 7 by tin' preacher .•nl lowly .1 .-. Itut whether he he - otherwise, the man, unless a brut bj a . and judgment, of whom we hai in pr influence is wonderful. On the ith, many <>t' which the author 111- passed in r room! promt - or ball-playing, no rioting, nor *h<»ir ij.l lull attendance at the morning . and ;i universal reign of quiet and I be, and shows the influ- • ■ . t.» the Bible, in I . and diffusing the cheering rays ■ :i all it- ooncomil ilixa- I iptain A. .1. Wither- enty-first Alabama Regiment : this mod( il profession, i- a gentl rmly attached t>>, he is mild, quiet, and • '1 an oi tyle, with much • \ . I to '•' ' I listen with }'!<':i-ur' : i ami vehement tlL r ht> alone, hut t<» ui'l i . clothed with humility of mien, he • ind kinde • [ ever met, yet the iow determination and courage, when . exhibited on the field l(»h. wl to the wounded, nnder lay struggle, marked him ne whom row of the battle- riehl could not !-' Soutlf < • of his inspiration from that in my memory. v-thinl 1 - I would carry the sword in one . who j>p . M \'.. II -..!.•. . - t 1 1 1 1 Ark .• .-. .1 . I'. . < I erl D, S icky, II. II. Robinson, O. r. bourteenth Mississippi, J. I . W'al i third TiMiiu-.-MM-, :iinl A. A. Wilson, I '-Hsee. titlemen we all reputed u r, ""l i i are in the cause, : the two latti r I hare . pn ach. Captaii W d "t mucli genius, delivery. These are the i men here, I hope they will a n was : :n. i in llif w Am : red to her fathers, and her radient 1 m iih their a influent night, there to repose 'till the <•;»!! ' by the lark. uitiful the of the ethcrial thr< •• ley "ink beneath the Mushing horizon; the crimson inl with the ■ :m deptl of Id i' ra > :\ riad of colors, from tinted cloud-1 Tis beautiful, bul transitory : they gather their t-kirtf, into the silt their rOiini: :i the Limpid waters, their \ ith the glittering Bpray drop in thi : ' > .-ink into tit of them all, twilight, • of day upon ih<-ir fading shadow . ' I . o'er ' 'ring tlii- period, * going lit. Like all natural com ■ ad impn . ighl v power, into the •y in j, but J morn, rm'1 : oom mingle, :mlk, formerly Presi- This family influence, has i iany ud\ nul - bIiow in atlemanl) ity. They are Lieutenants in i i uided by their uncle 1 I M ■■ '.••!•. Lieutenant a qui< if, Lieuten and Kelsej . : Memphis, young men <>t' intelli- •i«»n with the army was only :<> their capture, I know but ability. Lieuten . I inn* . i a promisu r. Lieu- .i Kentuckian, one "t' I deept /urril in tin- V. expedition in -tiny, until. the night of an unsuccessful Revolution. Durii upon the .■•in. with u block of n 1 for :i pillow, ne ••; the -<-r\ ice. This group has .M has lefl ray upon with :i l\ •ok t" their quarters. Mth much animation. Then I .:tiiirrv, officer of the I gO i ROM I ill ii.i- 'N i LOl R. St. I ..• . M hi ofticor <>t inoi it. lie norly of the house of Abbott, Johni a Co., «>i Philadelphia, l>ut hat e*|K>uB< -I the f t w nil iiiik h enthusia* iii. Captain Siinn of tho editorial coi ■ conneoted with, and was ■ i.i ,i ( ti. I In i: | . •;, in the \\ pi, al the opening of the • Captain Waah. Uordon' ipparuntly musing upon the ri ign <>t terror that arHi< I \\ it homo. id ,-.| mau, <>t" piety and . and ;im I, in, "tin • \\ ork i ' ' of mild manners, with main christian virtues. tit shining liu'l't in our circle. 11 sympathizer \v i 1 1 1 the down-trodden South, and will rot ton, rather than i rnmeul shall abate ■ jot or tittle of her just demands, for an honoreblu exchait prisoner*, VVealllovi Captain Gordon, nol forhis gallantrj in the field, but t"t-liis consistent walk and ition in durance, and as he loads the evening | with the fervor of a aoalous christian, showing his faith l>\ h wecan't help regretting, that then uch men in our d Captain C W.i. : : i the father of uine children, t\\<> "I his >->n- now in th< of their nal ' i< . I '■ nm ■ -. • . 1 1< I l hi- impi men! witii patience, he is ofa lainih of patriotic inea and women, i whom alone is known t" n nally. II ter, M I Memphis, I riincsaee. i one of the » ► 1 * 1 tin • eenly itfering humanity, si >t ne- glected a mother's duty, as her * 1 1 1 \| I'turnt in tho South, •roin. iiympatliii vaoon I I Ml. PRIHON lAI'.l.!.. 1 21 : rlllircL mi ■ ■ 1 \\ I ; I ! : ■■:•'. lot, 'li-< ; . .11. The wound I. ut i ■ ■ I in-iih • / inii'li : I I . .1 l I- '.. 1 862. I . ■-. • I i . \\ . < , rninp nd for the J I 122 M THE PRTfcnS T\ in V : P. If., • • ]...-.■ ■ • •itiin-1-. ami that th and if m the appointed the loll < • U Buttle, * of Arki O , Mr. Wit!,. \\vr< added. "On i I till three r. m.. . *• '! adjonrnment, ' Ci loll ]'!V- 1 liattol, of T< . til 1"' ]•!•• 1 ' Rimonton, and W'itl • irk-. tli« ■ ntintftohiml • •• « >n motion, thi •• I", wk .1 \K. M< ! • i • . ... i wi«. Jnm 14, U " .•• fellow • . I ■ nijjht, .1. I '. Mi I • • \ ' 1 1 • thfnllv 123 . while returning from the -ink- t<> his qnar- f •rini it • < v i elf, and of . who witnessed the occurrence, shows thai of justification for thia atrocious lity. In stepping from die sink, Captain Meadows moment, in the path-way, t<» arrange • ntinel, who w near him, on the wall, . and, apparently, kind, ■■I the unfortunate gentleman n<» warning of his i ?<» him, " Y<>ii musn'l !~t • »j » thi re." • \\ liately moved, when, withoul ord or warning, bad made one <»r two in oliedience to the order, icl ineontestibly -h<»u n, the i - now the third time, thai i|".n for very >li:_ r iit offences, nbmitted withoul murmur, rally ■ \ onr mercj . we hn\ ■ . ;■> «.li sen e the regulations, lit, l>v these cruel :-t mutilation how to :i«-t. Are we, sir, to ■ may we tat jnsti<*e and humanity .' re of \\:i • I claim thia r\'j\\\ with s deep sense of \\ e appeal i<> you for . we hai ntinel ha* col M I, we '-.'ill upon yon, '" see thai he • 'nihil- Oll1 ■ ■!. it \\ ill w chapter in . ibed t<> tli<- genu a ti\cn<-. that v • 1 ' •! «'ii the ing inriu- . (changed, 124 •! THE PRISON and that on tl f July the J including the L r l"i I'. L'i] • >r Fortresa Monroe, arriving \'._ . • 1st, ai 1 the forwarding of tl i I ed :it Was] -till tin ! ii in the grapes ine lint . Captain ti I inks v. • Buffalo, and New York, Lii tenant Lytl< not particular a- to rout . and with his sprightly, •u- manner, that he would go without hie unmention- route, i" gel on1 of "l'i I' L\ tie belongs t.- tin- tight i- on< tnosl populi I . • ntenanl 1 '. 9 Martin, <>l" tlic Third i our group, aaj -, he want I Pea iher, I oi ". -ninth Teiiiu h uiatt . upon hie calmness. Lieutenant Berry, of the Tentli I ■ 1 y birth ginian, yet with i State, ' ■ I ral in youth. Fie is ever now, as i hearing tin tirmation of our excha I J. G. H . I E, Twentl 1 . ii fur courage, tine .i lion nn and what you would call • fun of any kind, and were it not fur 1 • I G . Kami • Murphy, fr<»ni M . I am afraid I >uld ii"' pints up. Shan) in I shall not play out, the fun must I I lubhard, <■! I \ w ith tilt uf the inland : . i I I the full and ni«l'l\ co .11' U - PROM I HI PRI80N IM'l r. 1 25 t •[ .« -:i l"~ 111 • 'i:il future I >nfederaey. Lieut M . :illt| i-: .! youth in the room, he is quite Beriously • I w ith . :ilnl "III - m in wh n< I sundry garner one cent . All ted by the n<'\\-. S »me tv, others of hila- re jii'L" campus, by the «•' • n now the news of exchange aflfi . who the memorable battle "i I, Capt Palmer, 1 Crocket the bounds of the ( I ' ' [pilar '/'//■ . ' yntrred matter how questionable it- <•1i.ii v ! atentanl of the VV< b, company . . Vt the time h< >- captured Nelson. Lieut* of Memphis '1 ted In :ill wl it officer, and considering .• . itenant I*'. 1 1 . \| S , O 1 1 ,• i' 1 !•<• of water and id a frequenl . and the lK>ilcd meat Ot" the day bei ;lii> tiln- . mail con* after breakfast This arrival creates some i nt, a- ipply rarely equals the demand, and all 1 1 ; • • .—« - who the fluid, an- compelled t" place tip - in a line, beginning at the post at tin' gnard-lii tin- big gate. 1 an amut canteens, : jar-. !>••" •-. pitchers, bowls and crocks, <>t' all shapes and < i the indi\ idu r tlie milk-cart. At s \. m., tl e man comes in, with a dray Load of onii I i * < -1 \ Burrounded by the pi who have the money to buy with, and by nine. Then tin' newspu tne in, tl ^ iu~ky a dirty, fal l>la<-k M I . ■ \ . \ Herald," 1 • • 1 1 ■ . . ■ ■ . ." tii. Latter lis of journalism ; the former il, but powerless for g i. The rush for quite exciting, several hundred yelling out, pa]>ers, cursing the vendor for the lighted uj» count* i the Mank ones when it is bad, or the dull ones whei indiffi ■ - 'till tlw At tw< •■ . '1 are ■ hear tl from home and the B made happy, appointed. The chu for I * i — » !i i« -r-. and as lie Btauds at tli calling c\it tin' letters, \sitli the into liis own, u tin furnished ur euen . I»h11 pi I the i mi; puj i.i:. l_ r c ii \ pt i; 1; \ . i PHILOSOPHY. : '• UB i.aki: ■■ • •• ' OF HABIT. AHRIVAL. \ \ ' y, by tlic odor b \ \ . ." tomcthinp . a pfura I !'. i. and Phaloi ' • pcrfurat' 1 through their • •1! ol • ■ u id that d . Doodle, 1 ■ 1 N . . '! !>■■ IPS I BOM TH1 itions . and acnllion, L \\ any intellectual rehend and how the i i n ri«i»- in his . ■ • t to lltll, i- :i l::\ &t< I"}', within hill), that ;1 Abolition emotion, ''Down with the indolent .it of ial toil employed, t<» attain the their calling. line of den i en drawn by natni i rhito :m e of that .'.'1 the " beat go^ en »nt the • •red by dark and trea I beneath i ■ ia beyond r di, bul lii- temple as his moral ire rusty, lall he b wall around the entire | le the while ■tain :' which : . 1 Timour bow- to th< . and is i "with its cause : . it«-liiiiL' t>' : to tli<» ;" a rebeL I' may do,"* n the . - 1 . I Captain J. P. < ,. . i I • '. ■ faithfully - • . of their : ■ .. fellow pi i the walls. Each heart beal :. but otliing Lion, the . and ■■ don'l Buffer man) hard&hi| endured. I the cu ■ whir. .1 , V will l>i; as tin 'i • him in our l- In • kppend t] I . I ••A Uichi from Mr. . i ..•• w»r, 1* LAP8 I ft iM I HE PRl&OM I A);l l . 131 • t<» hold . :ii'»li mall 1 I jitter, had .-till ii tiauki oft, ;uk1 at the ti] I left t: . lie confiscated ton llars, ail tin- money 1 • • give it up : a • me l'\ my friends in Baltimore. All the through i . ami In- invai i portion :it the time. A- to] 1 think a titemptible scoundrel never breathed than that 1 I n died i' , in the 1 Aril after hie exchange, he was n . ind killed l>v Urn f ' . I Slut '■' .1 lh\i-.i utters Huffman's Battauok, Depabtmj • l \\ u:. M afi S \MM BKY, < Mil". March 1. W \ . ! . ... .■ war condition, will he i v. iil be chiefly I ■i a! »rt >>: u should !•«• tructiou, the pri • i." hour . ighly po M i nr PRISON I \i , lighl ." ■ . 7 . Qua strictly prohibit* • - ,— P in blocks 1. -. •"« and 4, will i I the in block . upon I rounds in tl 1 tin- lii ■ will t 1 i the vincinity "t* ti • i the \r ■ will be en the build I lli<- !;• My will be i >« • n 1 1 i t t « *« 1 Ik. rili of the buihlii wlien p:i-- and from tli .i the foil r tlifln thirt\ • • • ' - Vb. 10. I • t«» fire upon all wl 1' will, therefore, !•■ illy in l 1 be . by them, to • ■. and may .1." r of I -i >. I'm i I'.. \\ . \\ ! I ~. I .11 I I. W I ' i III: Wll MM I \ I ' MM'.. 'IIS . •• I . ;.ll \\ ; . i ; i , ; < I a Mini: I'RISON T IDLE. I ' point tw- - wide, alwayfl with :i (•lioj»|i om the Atlantic ocean • tiat will make • ■•I tin' ordeal of an Atlantic Dover ached, eighty "ii in London, and ii" you prefer it. il M rl< ."- I >t '. on Trafalgar Square, the \\ • . Morley'a reminds on* : i Avenne, New v i and is far inferior our leading hotels. After you are : , that I rlishman's house is more home-like than an To i < » r 1 1 1 an mi "t liumanity, you must stand on London .• mass, that rushes by lik.' Borne ! i upon tli'- current, my mind revert- • \- I walked over London i while many, in wandering through 1 i .. onld dwell upon serious calked the bloody the rival hous< - of York I ill.:ir\ IV., or the lewed Henry VIII. thoughts were ..r' I Hckena and • rand and Lndgatc hill, , Stat ■ • . . \\ rren'a 11 tree! hero Tittle- . M. P., I) I irpin and his many haunts, :n»'l i er the mind, showini • tlie youthful im . • ■ -it the <<-ll of I twelve of her n lated o 8 ite in tl ••. that had ■ I. " the I ]:; i \.n nan ; be i imsos i \ in tin- li ■ ■ lio for gloomy walls. into tin- hand <-l' a Imri l._ >h usher, who proi tlian an . "ii t.. • .t where th< mid, murdered ' y the :.l |v Richard : the "I • brought from the Thames t • • you -• ! 'l"<-k th< I - uted ■•: . • ', the in uj>, by visiting the crown jewels, the • K ; Light," world's wealth <>i surrounded by an iron rail. The fen plain . and movi b J ou 'round th a time. After Biirht-seeine until fatigued, vou Hud nd all yonr 1 »f the by the boai your fresh Even 1 . d its Lin of lit le. St, r 1 cathedral, and oth( At last uinaterab us hut t<> liave I • 'ha' • intered lie all tlirough lif< . < ' within ~<'inr few hundred ndh idus • lark, that had til it |K)\VOrflll faculty -'t' ■1 in the habiliim sional man, whose briefs mid pr< trail spot jauntily upon buttoned •• chin. 1 t. l>ut it in. •* 1 building, tli ta, m in- laii'-li.dv. U) the p.. . that IPS ] \:< m Mil 1*1 -u:. 136 ■. in tlii- hoary ereati< >ti •• ^ the nbl lt 1 of tlif •_•■! • \\ hev, that 1 • [jondon the I daily examine its inten , Inm i I \\ itli the sublimit} of • 'I with themortal- mouldi ■ i pulehres, thai have lev- the crown and coronet in i of the building repose* 11 I heth, w ho w itli all her foibles, I • d," mihI although 'tie M [Kwsible that the . for the peccadilloes of the S. • I tlinn in her defence, and have done l i ■ : ' 14 In that < H< VIII., the English ' D ^ • • he had The place is full of . their 1 \ or iin:i'_ r in:i- ■ r tii<- yon \\ ill find those who will -h..w I attempt* 1 ! :<• t tin W < -t 1 1 1 IIIr-T • l- I .... M ,),.,, ' racted my I ■ tiM not but 1 * that ii ■ ite i t' fulsome ■ ntation «'t' the . v. I i Hi. I'RI&i IX TAB in the old |t»ilj>jil)] in tin I of all Immunity. .1. Phil . ■ Icil lililli of till I' may ih»j I that tl I into tin- compot .ri.iu- ■ •.in their <>\\ :. •it, all to I I : in iii.-: . p. There. are but fow, hon ■ ■ - | ■■ :'.■'• . " I • Kit he v llictiun. It' ilarlj It'llK 1 ' m|>i. ! ' make my alHictiona liu'lit, " for he I I BOM l ill. PRISON I Ml.r. L37 h." In view of all and time, with I nine in I unprehension of iem. Why do • much future, with it- great .1 ..t' the only reality in Living in the past, and i : it i- only in tli" nplish the true object of Lei i. past with it- buried • lie future t<. that < rroat Being, who ilu the in) utery that envelopes tlie id. i Tennc&soe \ olunto 1 in the I5riti-li • of the :i'U ance, that landed :it •ii Balaklav a, on September 1 I. d in ti\ e 'l;i\ .-, and <«ii the lava. The , outpost uj)ported by .iv in their rear, Che E irl -'i* Lucan, the < rem ral . a In . t e of I : nd Thirteenth Light 1 1 liill-top, where they airy, \\ itli their skir ■ ing their attack three-quarters of a mi. i I'. h advanced eight hundred yard uted until their infantry <:mn- up, \\li" i :it double-quick, and funned, two bun , til!". -\\ • I tlicir I I airy out v. Tip ten lundred .We lost lri\ replied. Lord .• thai moment, 10 ipt II.. Ill for f< 'it, but • ■ !>•. and the r«-t ■: . up- -n which the enen i behind the hills, exten • • mpting b ; but in tliie manceu- : they ii llery openh them, after :i few dischargee, tliat went through and through them, caused them i" fall back t>> the n< and busily Leave alto • - the "Alma," they were intrenched fifty-five tho with one hundred and ten guns. . notpartici- tion, it being left t<> the infantry to haul down Id •• Red I i it, winch latter tin ; it flaunt defiantly the n< ■ !. on it- \ ictiorioii8 waj to Bal We ed in the valley of Kadokoi, about t\\.> miles from n i. V. ed the first p '1 on the 1 7th of October ; on the 25th, it was rumored the n force ; , upon rhe Turk- had cl 1 don't think tin \ who t.n.k the fort, .• « 1 1 « 1 turned the guns u]>on our rascally allies. Their cavalrj , ad . flushed with their buc wheeling o'er the plain, and right at tin N nty-third Sir Collin Campl>ell, the then only ■ nt t.. dispute their advance, to the capture • nir militar} ti.m of Italaklava, and up in the plain, with a might) enemy in front, and on botl . ind the I . bad tin;. led, the I'.' prisoner I i their lai nst the Nine- ty-third, and when within pistol range, in went tin of t he H i gh ■ off th< • 'it. our cavalry •• by squadrons ■ ■ - I ) n ( i 1 bed tin ■ a here allw( I i M l ill PRIW > v I IB] I. II • , brought an order from Lord Raglan, I nor, bul •■ ordered the I'.v j the Turks ; the} wen I ■ • 1 1 - G 1 Inniskillen Pwelfth and 8 nth Lai Earl of ( ■ their retreating, but on disco\ ering <'iir ned line, and niuimberod their guns. 1 I our light division, until they me1 the Ri ■ I in four lines, bul through them we went. •■ Line, and as their last line was broken, our trumpets at this instant sounded the recall, giving •in their line, :innt the ltuii- were retaken. was killed early in the fight displayed on this I of individual heroism, in th( lier of the Twelfth Lanc< rs. H- nnded In twenty R • - : they were in mldn't catch bin ; I bey were ■ 1 liim until ' : he killed . he could ii"t cut him, Idle, with lii- bridle-hand, hit iddlf, lie joined 1 with S Vlll'Pllf. I :m honorary member upon h ncflt. . not allndi i BOM ! 111. miSON Id th( ' ■ Phi twelv< I • I world, -ili-lil . hand • •! t:iti"!. . W hi i to liln-rty, til- I lllll-t be . i i of his told no | flu- i ; with I irmenl I n the would put bhifth. ■• from li< • of th< ! i . I ' v. Mill's Lit . I ' to the I ROM I lir PRISON l \i 111 I I'. I Eleventh Arkai d in hospital, July 22(1, t \ phoid ■ I J. R. lid , 1 Mv-tir-t Rogimont, Tenm \ nto the ! ' dy Gth, 1 s »iL'. nination «»t' ;i wound in tin- leg, • th< M W I.. M. MeWhorter, "t" Company I, Third M 29th, in hospital, • >!' t \ pli days; ptoins not well developed, suffered li. I I Murray 1; dluded i ■ i kiii-IU furnished bj I >r. II. I.. itaL I BAD l*OI li .. Bl l Hi l l s \s i I of infantry, it ion of tin- ■ >f hie i • nt. and origi- I ra i ii am i i M I ur. PRISON •••II ll Imeat \s he :ir III' Vll nint mora I i run Ihi i iinl Ihey i""k in band «'tir li- ke litem 1 i Ui many ■ ■ I 10 •, . m 1 111. r.. ii . i ;.'. 11 a i.. leltr I imc • ■ - i tli - mighty hard aqucr mir l 1 time . .11 nut con i ilrrt 15 I ].; bolar lm ( !hai ent- I bul little . tribul mt:iiii of true I I ght I have iral lines on hoi • a church. 1 in, B& the , on 11 } M I HE PRISON I U I indulgi • ranch In much <•!' ti. little of the "troubad 1 rid Gray i hour. I I to the :i ' ry. i window, lool road b — m their ■ ;ui«l life, their i ■ the i on land, I oft( n ••'■ • »i t tin- old Ship "' S Abolitionism, I i :n outlines of frow nil • the apparently - . I !■ the helm, • and in a upon thi longer discernable. In tin- morning, whal is left • madl) l< '■ i'!i their ■ ■ . that n< upon Ik .ntlr • i>i' . hi r prison, nsive Nun idcd o\ er 1 ( I '. I iftieth ■ . \\ . W I V\ \\ i ' ..i.i. Walters, I I . Sixth M 'IT'- I' ' , '-' Lieutenant 1 ». 1 1 , ( I), Third The old make n man," has illant pro* en themseh es . in ul] ■ Uery and nl amounts to about i twelve hundred dollars . which are sold to prisoners 1 i naker k. The filled. V) • d • cake .. seems rtunes •' washing five The I of the ]■■ . nine ; ■ inli- tone and fifty I ! i era! .' upon in front of the < nt at that Mayor ol Sr. •' I I ■ liiiii •■■1 of M i m: i!. ' I . ilumc, and i big J \\ it 1 1 him. 1 • Jeff with ': 1 1 ; : \ . 1 1 splendid j human i In to the M s the slur on Ci il Thomj (in allusion to if it questions I pueril bul • ii. 26th day of June, iround the ba of tin with tlu-ir fault li:i- : for w !i I . . to i frail hi imai] heart, the entiri >f all ■ :it till •. I I r I ' . ■ i ■ • 1 1 i BOM i in. PRISON i.\: 1 17 ; nghVhman says abont the latter, I would "'alfand 'alf for an ogshead of 'ail < (I n, of the infantry . I rebel from . i ief ■>!' the tailoring roans for Beasl Butler, iled to w itlt a will. They are « »i» t • •■■ I "with her living freight, 1 fur ( Ilovulaiul. They will They will marry and die, and :i of them may possibl) go to the d I. I ■ I of men and women, [iraion, witnessing the ime of I • in. of Join . alluded »f the in • kable on men, whose repu- ap-wide notoriety. i build ap the most wonderful ' \ ictorics by th I irate I '■■ leral h i 1 tliu It b with t!i : 1 palpitating h • the ight, and hope is the " I ■ it, in that v. with the ina that ■r for what We line" I fratefnal strife upon nen, who itler, " J ti r in bis i1 ■ ' I ■ . ■■ \ in Joseph. 1 n the •-. hich ■ ' "Joe, little, but h< i ! i and obliging to us, ■ roll- caller " of our >ur n>]l for th< it, who it is ■ I, we :ill fell in line, in I up in front of the lit manner, addn liundrcd I'm in Wi imor, and a daily . <>lir t :iaily, of other member "t' th»> P .'i intelli- ••II . the . I>v the i ed in tl • »f the tally h"." Again the •i iuii-"i|i with braj of a longn - in our window, 1 mberant, : and :hccr- . \ ho, alive ; i tli. in mi cxcuBe ft>r i, in OTuff ■. ill be •.•iil«-!ir:il \ oice t( '1 tho - - that urn u^ t.» put oat our injunction v rdera at the good news, eta call the half hours, for th( , 1 ■ with us. The pi from !.'• ports rel nil t «i i« i i i ocy upoi and bid him hope booh to be in the " ! I of the d'v I to throw ii it :ill up, :m«l a pain under The i lued under the influei and w "ii the | ! stool, now und< iiilln. ■ world M dwelt upon, the deception of attem] through thai would sell al the Soul < Himmering offutii ed up ii Many took 1 unction t<> tl • : 1 1 1 • 1 :i n luni t<> the communion of their li": I hope all will realize their dreams, and thai 1 I \\ . ! ■ II I aroni hIIv in th( I Rl >M i III PRISON 1 IB1 !.. 151 ; ■ I ird Mississippi, i ittin«£, Illid chin .;i hifi »w if the ^ invn't \ as, for a comic I '■•!!- thought t.. 1 1. •- i with i i being thorough in n apprenticeship in some half II in the mess, Lieu- rig by his word nit exch ml MeAlpine has dro] ■ ,F. Y. M ' U of the our : . er the bad news iu a ■ the 11 er members <>t* the when all 1 ' rhird M ississippi, nen we ba\ e in the ^ ork I I . . until his foot pi i I t A- R Lewis, of the I int< i himself The mem ly, is 152 M I 111 PRISON I \ 1 I • • I . I ' ikl'lll Pul :i man in | . ■ut let the cause that wound liim up ii i * ] ** ■ 1 1 1 In . ■ , if not the I ■ 1 I). T. ( While it he ; ■ 1 ilistic •■ i ' I i i •'A • iii- will only 1 11 ■ ■ ■ ■ M. : ■ ' ' ' SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 155 when they, chiefs of mess 3, say revolute, the "sans eu- lotte " without the walk, had better rescind the order that is tending to promote discord, or Bacchus will be once more enthroned upon the debris of Johnson's island grapes, a cheaper process, than paying our meek and rascally steward two dollars a bottle for swill. " SourkroutV arrival is heralded with unfeigned pleas- ure. He is our milk and vegetable vender. "Dutchy" has had the trade of the prison since our arrival, and, of course, is feathering his nest. I don't know that his milk- is like the Dutchman's, who made his fortune selling half and half, and on his return to the Faderland, while count- ing his money on shipboard, the bag was seized by a monkey, and carried aloft, " Jacko" taking out the coins, and dropping one into the ocean and one on the deck, alternately, The Dutchman, when sympathised with, re- plied, " dat ish right, what come from the vater, he give to the vater." This milk epiestion reminds me of an incident, related to me by that prince of good fellows, and greatest living- wag, Henry Dollis, of Memphis, Tennessee. A milk man, who furnished the steamboats with the lacteal fluid, was remonstrated with, on the thinness of his milk. He would hand the steward ten or twenty dollars, and the milk next day was thinner. At last an inspector came around, with a. hydrometer, testing all milk sold on the river. The stew- ard excitedly informed the milk man, that his milk only raised twenty-three — "what is requisite," twenty-seven. The next day the test was applied, it rose to thirty-two. " The heaviest milk I ever tested," says the inspector. "How did he do it, Dollis?" " Simply added one pint of molasses and another gallon of water, to the can that held four gallons mixed, with an additional twenty dol- lars." How can a man buy hay, and haul water, to dilute with, and sell pure milk ? 'Tis impossible. Our Dutch vender doesn't pour water in his milk, but milk in his water. He remarked to us, a few days ago, that his cow had calved the night before ; dat de milk vas goot and strong for soltiers dis morning. "Hans" was in great distress on yesterday. He understood we 156 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. were to be exchanged, and with frantic ejaculations ex- claimed, " Mem Gott, mein Gott, vat can I do if dese brisoners leave ; I usht gone and buy twenty more cows. Me in Gott, mein Gott." I believe the old scoundrel would keep us here for ten years, if he could make fifty cents a day selling us milk. These Dutch are pretty heavy on suffering humanity, particularly on secesh prison- ers.- Our Dutchman will get rich, selling us strong milk, go to the Faderland, become a Burgmaster, and look upon all milk venders with suspicion and disgust. " Cans't thou administer to a inind deceased." A good physician should know the power of mind over matter, and treat the former as carefully as the latter. When Jack Handy* goes into a sick chamber, with his irresistible manner, he places his cane carefully in the corner, his hat is "then handed to the servant, his gloves are carefully drawn, and if unexceptionable, are placed upon the chair or stand, then the gay, yet ac- complished Jack, shows his tine teeth, shakes his luxuri- ant, really handsome head of curly, coal-black hair, and with a smile, the well dressed and fresh looking Jack Handy approaches the bedside of the sufferer, who by this time by the physician's tact has had time to recover from his nervousness, caused by the announcement of his arrival. The pillows had to be arranged, the coverlid respread, a little cologne spread here and there, the rela- tives or friends take position near the patient, all is ready, and when Jack reaches the patient's pulse, his little studied arrangement has given him time to settle down his pulse to a beat conformable with the action of the disease. Jack looks at the patient's tongue, feels his pulse, comprehends the diagnosis in an instant. If a purgative is needed, he finds out whether the subject is accustomed to calomel, oil, jallop, or magnesia, and then if either has been the habit, the other acts more ready ; * Captain Handy died on his plantation, in Mississippi, 1867. Our friend is pone were the stern alarm of war no longer affrights, nor the sound of "big gate ' attracts to the window, yet his ringing laugh is even now vibrating through memory's corridors. SCRAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 157 some are monomoniacs on " blue mass," others on salts. Jack Handy is aufait on these distinctions, and from the fact of being a fine judge of human nature, is a fine phy- sician, can tell a yarn with a better grace, and laugh more heartily at its detection, than any man living, is one of the proprietors of the " grape-vine line " and " prison telegraph." He was captured at Fort Donaldson. Dr. Woodbridge, although a loyal citizen of the United States, is worthy of remembrance by myself and fellow- prisoners, as a kind, considerate and humane officer, and like his good wife, has much of the milk of human kindness in his composition. He has been quite attentive to our wants, and has our grateful acknowledgments. Some eschew medicine, and take their text with Shakespeare, " throw physic to the dogs, I'll none of it." This is well when men are in good health, but when ill, obtain a good physician, a man of science, not a charlatan or quack one, of will, strong perceptive faculties, tact, and address. "An ounce of prevention is worth w pound of cure," is trite, but does not justify an individual in continually dosing himself with ounces, aforesaid, hoping thereby to ignore a necessity for pounds'. The Italian tombstone has it, " I was well, wanted to be better, here I am." It is like a man beginning with scruples and winding up with drams. Many depreciate the use of medicine. This is wrong. If we lived like the Aborigines, hunted, slew, and cooked, the food we eat, drank of the limpid stream, and were in constant action, then we might have no use for medicine, but when we live artificially, eat late suppers, surfeit on grand dinners, make swill-tubs of our stomachs, dram-shop signs of our probosces, all tending to keep our minds constantly irritated by ideas foreign to our happiness, it seems plain enough that these artificial diseases require artificial remedies, hence the necessity for the physician, of which class, we have seventeen in our prison, many of whom are among the most eminent surgeons of the South. Dr. J. M. Jackson, surgeon of the Forty-second Tennessee Regiment, has immediate charge of the hospital, and is a man of great force of volition, and of a high order 158 SCRAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. of surgical talent, a deep thinker, and of strictly temperate habits. Dr. Joseph E. Dixon, of the Tennessee Battalion, is of much nobility, acts and thinks simultaneously, of un- flinching nerve, a polished gentleman, showing the usage of good society. Dr. F. Grant, Thirty-second Tennessee, is a quiet gentleman, and from his care and nicety of arrangement, will make an excellent family physician, one who will inspire confidence in a sick chamber with his calm presence and positive treatment. Dr. A. II. Voorhies. Nature made Voorhies a surgeon and physician. Education and commingling with the best society has formed him a gentleman. His quiet deportment and impressive urbanity, would assauge much of the severity of his patient's affliction. Dr. J. M. Taylor, Twenty-sixth Mississippi, an able practitioner, and well-informed gentleman. Dr. O. Becker, a gentleman of versatile accomplishments, a tine musician and composer, and a man of science. Dr. Becker, although a foreigner,- is enthusiastic in the sup- port of the Confederate cause. Assistant Surgeons, Thomas M. Nichols, Ninth Battalion ; J. J. Dumont, Fiftieth Tennessee ; AV. B. Mills, Fiftieth Tennessee; J. J. Mills, Twentieth Mississippi ; M. S. Neely, ■ Tennessee ; N. J. Rogers, Twenty-sixth Mississippi; AV. G. Owens, Graves' Battalion, Tennessee ; H. Griffin, Fiftieth Virginia ; B. M. Croxton, Graves' Battalion ; C. H. Edwards, Thirtieth Tennessee. The above surgeons and assistant surgeons are men whose proclivities for the excitement of camp and field have led them to enter the army ; a fine opportunity being thus furnished for the development science. A large number of amputations, and the various characters of wounds and contusions that are under con- stant treatment, are tine subjects aiding the cultivation of new systems that will tend to the amelioration of pain, and present more cases and experiences to the world of medicine. It is a melancholy spectacle presented to the world — the present war — the meeting of Greek with SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TA"BLE. 159 Greek, yet "it is an ill wind that blows nobody any good," and amid all the sufferings and horrors of war, the Held of medical science is being opened and expanded, thus benefitting future generations. Yet I question very much, whether the returned surgeon from the field of quick and, too often, careless amputations, is as fit as the regular home practitioner, to attend the duties of private practice (for the time being.) To-day we learn, the surgeons are to be released un- conditionally. This is a move in the right direction. Although a deprivation to us, 'twill be but a sheer act of justice to them. In walking along the street, how frequently one be- comes lost to the external world of sense and materiality, and feeds upon his own thoughts, how often in stepping on a pebble, you have felt an irresistible desire to kick it ahead of yon, and if it should fall towards the curbing, a feeling of anxiety springs up, to keep it in its place on the pave, and you will follow it up, kicking at it until an un- lucky kick sends it into the gutter, then you feel an indiscribable relief, and your ideas become more alive to passing events. Have you not, in promenading, musingly began to count your steps, guessing how many it would take to reach a certain point, and on nearing the goal, seeing you have improperly guessed the distance, rushed eagerly forward, lengthening the steps, or if you to near, shortening them, with as much interest as if a kingdom was at stake ? The illustration is simple, but is given to show the perfect simplicity of that mind, so much boasted of by the " lords of creation, its imperfections, and one- ideaism. We are all weak by nature, and the boasted individual strength is not the result of acquisition, but a constitu- tional virtue, and much to be pitied, are the unfortunate, who have suffered from poverty and pernicious example. The Cyprian on the one hand, and the iioue on the other, are objects of commiseration. Much of the opprobrium and epithetical denunciations hurled upon the erring, by those who circumstances have placed them above the want of vice, will, like most curses, (chicken-like,) come home 160 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. to roost. We should pity and reclaim, not decry, and give up ; should sympathize with and protect, not " turn the cold shoulder" to the weak and guilty, but take them by the hand, in the bonds of friendship, love and truth, knowing the mutability of man, and his many frailties. In ruminating on our promenades, with the great vol- ume of the "genus homo" open before us, we are forcibly impressed, with the spirit of the musings spoken of, and are not disposed to "crowd." Now there passes a soldier from a certain village until he left it, it supplied his conceptions of all that is beautiful ; he goes to a larger place, and finds, alone by comparison, the insignificance of his former home, and feels that he has reached the Mecca of his hopes ; thence to a metropolis, again his ideas change, and he conforms to the tastes and habits of others — proving himself an inconsistent creature of change, not realizing, " that pigmies- are pigmies, tho' perched on Alps, and pyramids are pyramides in vales." JSuch a man is the creation of the hour, was my enemy of yesterday, perhaps my friend to-day, and possibly my reviler to-morrow. He became a soldier because Jim and John joined, is burning for distinction, but when in close quarters, thinks it judicious to retreat; when cap- tured, gets intimate with the enemy, will soon take the oath, go home, and in a week afterwards, would desire to be in the field again, from habit, to which all common minds bear slavish allegiance ; he is not to be blamed, but he with others such iu prison, are weak brothers. The Catholic church comprehends this weakness of man, and startles the imagination with its pomp and pageantry. The Methodist church follows, with the enthusiasm of its revival. France understands the sus- ceptibility of man, and touches with its military wand, the pride and circumstance of war; and a magnificient army, with its splendid paraphernalia, strikes with wonder, the imagination of the gazing multitude. Since time immemorial, the world has studied to impress the imagination of man, as 'tis one of his weakest points. Columbus broke his egg for effect, so did Alexander cut the "gordian knot," as he also rode "Bucephalus." The SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE ] 161 "tub" of Diogones was also of similar device, as were the Delphic oracles. The Persian poet, Sadi, went bare- footed to accomplished the same end, and like our chiet custodian, wears a white cravat, to impress with his sanctity, while he maltreats prisoners, 'tis all a species of quackery, reminding ns of the anecdote of the quack, who, while riding in his carriage, was accosted by an eminent surgeon of the old school: "How is it you succeed by imposture, while we of the regular profession, well nigh starve ?" "Easy enough, forsooth; do you see that crowd of a hundred persons ? In it there are ninety fools, and ten wise men, the former are my patients, the latter yours, and as a rule, the fools have the most money." Placards and the teeming columns of the press, attract the attention, and the bumps of the marvelous and imaginative are tapped, and success follows. Barnum is a practical illustration of what use can be made of man's imagination, 'as he has huinbuged them from "mermaids" to "gorillas." In church and state, social and political life, it is all the same, all action seems predicated on the weakness of humanity. The true secret of happiness is to accept these truths, but not to abuse the knowledge they impart. Don't force your weaker brother into for- bidden paths, be kind to him, and if he wont conform to you, do like Mahomet, "if the mountain will not come to Mahomet, Mahomet will go to the mountain." Let us emulate that part of his wisdom, even if we cannot ac- cept the romance of the Koran. "Kick not against the, pricks," but be susceptible, be "taken in", once and a while, you will feel better, have confidence and faith, and as you pass your erring brother or sister, have compassion, let mercy linger 'round your heart. Flee bigotry, that most abominable of sins, that seems to be enthroned in the very soul of Abolitionism, so graphically described by Charles Phillips, "The Abo- lition preacher or bigot:" 162 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. "He has no head, he cannot think, No heart, he cannot feel ; When he moves, it is in wrath. When he pauses, 'tis amidst ruin. His prayers are curses, his communion death ; His decalouge is written in the blood of his murdered victims ; And if he pauses, for an instant, in his infernal flight, It is to whet his fangs upon some kindred rock, To prepare for some more sanguinary desolation." How much happier is that condition, where the people are influenced by teachings of "peace and good-will to all mankind," who evince a superiority of soul in bend- ing to the necessities of man's defects ; that- feels that as the man allows his attention to be engrossed by the pebble on the pave, so will he be sensitively alive, to th'e externals of kindness, charity and affection, he will be a child, acting and thinking like one; make him so, and you prepare him for Heaven, for such is the kingdom, and thus win a Heavenly crown for yourself. We call some thirty-five or forty, (it may be fifty,) prisoners, a batch ; one or two hundred would be an arrival, a squad we hardly notice. The prisoners alluded to, of North Carolina and Georgia volunteers, was quite an event, and we compliment them with the title of an "arrival." They came in, attracting much attention, by their fine bearing, handsome uniforms, and general martial appearance, and as a whole, are the best looking "crowd" that have honored us with their presence. Among them we notice some of the best blood of the Carolinas, and brightest intellects of Georgia, whose gallantry on the field — if we had space for incidents — would cause a glow of pride to rise to the cheek of every lover of the South, and heroic deeds. As in all wars, where renown is to be gained by acts of chivalry, so in this, the Celtic element is found, one of whose brightest ornaments stands before us, six feet, two inches in height, standing as firm as Roderick Dim, is Lieutenant Christo- pher Hussey, of the Montgomery Guards, of Savannah, Georgia. He was born in Ireland, in 1820, arrived in Georgia, 1841, became thoroughly Southern, and en- tered the service* of the Confederate Slates, to aid in ■ V SCRAPS FROM THE PRISOX TABLE. 163 checking the encroachments of a fanatical domination, whom, he says, will entail the same miseries upon the South, that their parent, that accursed despotism, has inflicted Ireland with. Lieutenant Hussey was captured at Fort Pulaski, April 11th, 1862. Colonel H. Olmstead, First Volunteer Regiment of Georgia. This gallant officer's defense of Fort Pulaski. DO is a matter of history ; he is a gentleman, in or out of prison ; like all brave men, he is a lamb in peace, in war, a lion. Colonel C. M. Avery, Thirty-third Regiment, North Carolina Troops. Colonel Avery is one of your grand, old-fashioned North Carolina gentlemen, repre- senting a large landed estate. He espoused the Southern cause, strictly in a spirit of patriotism, and one can see from his manly appearance, the stern and inflexible patriot. He is resigned to his situation, yet is anxious to be once again at the head of bis regiment, that is now with North Carolina, gallantly assisting in driving the invader from their hearths. North Carolina may well be proud of her representative in prison, as few circles are adorned with a brighter social element, than the noble Avery. Major John Foley, First Georgia Volunteers, is a native of Ireland, and having suffered from English op- pression in that country, has drawn his sword in defense of the South, to save her from the degraded condition of his own down-trodden "Green Isle." He is a gallant Irishman, with the generosity and courage so character- istic of his race. Captain F. W. Simms, of same regi- ment. Captain Simms is one of the most sprightly in- tellects in prison, has been connected with the press of Georgia for years, and to his pen we are indebtod for many substantial articles, in defense of Southern interests. Among the other distinguished officers present, are H. C. Freeman, first lieutenant, Oglethrope Light In- fantry; J. D. N. Sutton, second lieutenant, Wise Guard, formerly of Wise Legion, transferred to the Twenty-fifth Regiment, Georgia Volunteers, December 7, 1861, thence to First Volunteer Regiment of Georgia, February 11, 1862 ; Second Lieutenant A. G. McArthur, 164 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Washington Volunteer Regiment, Georgia; George W. Tennet, engineer corps, Confederate States Navy; Lieutenant Charles H. H. Uinbrock, First Georgia ; Lieutenanant John J. Symons, First Georgia; Captain Eobert D. Walker, Confederate States Army, of Georgia ; Captain R. W. Brown, Eighteenth North Carolina, captured at Hanover Court House, a gentleman whose heart is in his hand, and one of the best behaved gentle- men in prison, an ornament to the service, and a social treasure to his friends. Second Lieutenant B. Werner, First Georgia. Werner, like our friend Umbrock, is German. The Americans are too prone to call every German a d — d Dutchman. The Dutch come from a very small district, whereas Germany is composed of thirty-eight States, that have given us a host of eminent painters, lawyers, theologiaus, historians and mechanics, comprising a citizenship, that we are glad to welcome to our own shores, among which class, our two friends occupy an enviable social position. Mathew H. Hopkins, First Georgia ; Robert Erwin, captain and quarter-master, Confederate States Army; John A. Blaine, second lieu- tennant, Twenty-fifth Georgia ; T. W. Manniford, same regiment; Samuel D. Zane, lieutenant, same regiment, captured at Hanover Court House, May 27, 1862 ; N. Bohannon, first lieutenant, Twenty-eighth Regiment, North Carolina Volunteers ; J. W. Vinson, second lieu- tenant, North Carolina Volunteers, captured at New- bern, North Carolina, March 14, 1862 ; Lieutenant R. L. Steele, Thirty-seventh Regiment, North Carolina Volunteers; J. N. Anderson, second lieutenant, Thirty- third Regiment, North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieutenant Christopher Murphy, Captain J. M. McMahon, First Georgia, captured at Fort Pulaski, April 11, 1862; Captain T. W. Mayhew, Thirty-third Regiment, North Carolina Volunteers ; S. W. Stowe, captain, Twenty- eighth North Carolina Volunteers ; Captain Oscar R. Rand, Twenty-sixth North Carolina Volunteers ; M. T. Farthing, captain, Thirty-seventh North Carolina Vol- unteers ; First Lieutenant R. C. Hanser, Thirty-third North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieutenant J. S. Eggars, SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 165 37£h North Carolina Volunteers; Lieutenant William A. Stewart, Thirty- Seventh North Carolina; Lieutenant C. Scott, Twenty-eighth North Carolina Volunteers ; Lieu- tenant John Baily, Company B, Chalmette Rifles, Fifth Louisiana Volunteers, captured on -the Chick ahominy, May 24, 1862. I have given an extended notice of the gentlemen mentioned, having been attracted to them by their high-toned deportment, and soldierly bearing. Onr prison has seemed more cheerful, since their arrival. They have an excellent club of amateur musi- cians, who enliven our moonlight nights, with the guitar and Ante. Their good behavior is of general comment and they are welcome to our pen. 166 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. CHAPTER VI, AN INCIDENT CONCERNING THE iCOMMERCIAL INTERESTS OF THE SOUTH.— THE ZOUAVE DETACHMENT OF JOHNSON'S ISLAND.— MILI- TARY LOG-ROLLING, AND SOME POLITICAL INCIDENTS.— VANITY OF THE AUTHOR.— '-ALL IS VANITY."— HON. JAMES B. JONES, DOU- GLAS, AND OTHERS.— WHAT I SAW AND HEARD IN PARIS. CROSSING from New 7 York to Brooklyn, some years ago, I met with one of those incidents, that often occur to travelers, and by which they are taught to see the necessity, 'for always being on the look-out for swin- dlers. The incident, however, to which I allude, was one of much service to me, and by which I acquired more information, at less expense, than is usually the fortune with susceptible gentlemen, who too frequently travel with more money than brains, and who are generally gonial and familiar, not realizing that familiarity with superiors is indiscreet, with inferiors to suffer an indignity, and it is a difficult matter, to select your equals in a jostling, moving crowd. I had reached the middle .of the ferry, when a venerable looking gentleman, encased in a seedy suit of black, with white cravat, and a portfolio under Ins arm, accosted me, in a bland, persuasive manner : " Lovely day, sir." " Yes." " Ah, from the South." " Yes, sir. Why do you think so ?'•' " You speak broader than- we do, sir. I hope, sir, you will excuse this intrusion, but knowing the literary taste 'of the South, I always endeavor to make my largest list of subscribers represent that section, which we of the SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 1G7 North, who are debarred its enchanting domain, look upon as the promised land." " You are complimentary, sir." " Ah, no ; me South is the future base of operations, for this progressive continent. She has an area of terri- tory, less some few hundred miles, equal to our own. Look at Texas, six times larger than the State you are now in. Can you imagine the future of such a territorial power '( Give her the ratio of population to the square mile, that we find in Belgium, four hundred, and what an empire you make of the 'lone star State.' Of the three thou- sand millions of production, forty-five per cent, is South- ern, sixty per cent, of the exports of the country are from the same source. The importations of the country, a greal part of which is for Southern consumption, only ten per cent, of it is introduced through Southern ports. We in the North have everything in our own hands. We import for you, and export for you, make your wardrobe and your toi- let, which should impress you with the fact, that producing regions are always in a state of vassalage to their trading neighbors, of amanufacturing, shipping, and mechanical interest North, as is exhibited in revolutionary Mexico, the West Indies, and Brazil. And it seems strange, that with so complete a theory, as when you bring the pro- ducer and consumer together, you realize the last, which is the greatest price, to the former, the latter obtaining his supplies at the first, which is the least price, that your section will not endeavor to establish a commercial chain, uniting you to the continent of Europe. You have had the political influence of Congress, of the Cabinet, and of foreign representation, and you have accomplished noth- ing, and why? because, while you have had power, yon have not preserved its balance, which is trade, which re- solves into interest, and ultimately into a balance of politi- cal power. The sails of England dot every collection of water between the poles. Her commercial drum follows the sun. Look at her efforts in our own country, granting subsidies to steamship lines, for trade purposes, one item, in particular, of eight thousand dollars per trip, to the Montreal and Liverpool line of steamers. The legislation 168 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. of the English government, is identical with the commer- cial prosperity of the country, the strength of her mo- narchy, the wisdom of her aristocracy, are united with her honest democracy, on trade questions, if no other. She has profited by the experience of the ' Hanseatic League,' and other past lights of the commercial world, and is now reaping the benetits, derived from a proper consideration of this powerful element, in a nation's prosperity. " In 1820, we inaugurated a system of manufacturing, that has grown to a consumption of nearly a million bales of cotton, thus driving -out the English supply of heavy cottons. Our' Globe,' 'Dnnnel,' ' Sprague,' 'Merriinac,' and other prints, compete successfully with those of Great Britain. John Bull is aware of our competing progress, and trembles for his prestige on this continent. " England is a great power, and must be watched, as the influences of Exeter Hall lights, that shine in the befogged atmosphere of London, will spare no means to accomplish the object she has in view. She has no attachment for America, her sympathies are with the North, through commercial alliances, and she will sacrifice all, North and South, to benefit her trade. Proving to us, as she has to the rest of the world, that she is the commercial Jesuit of the nineteenth century. Let us see what this most christian nation, "so called," has done to attempt the* destruction of our country, she emancipated the slaves in the West Indies, not from the mere considera- tions, but for the effect it would have upon the institution in this country, in attracting the masses of Europe to a contemplation of the subject. Finding that this process was too slow, she attempted the destruction of our cotton in- terests, by introducing its cultivation in the East Indies, hoping that cheap labor would equalize uncertain crops and defective stable, and by underselling dethrone King Cotton in America, in all of which she has signally failed. 1 have the proof that every pound of cotton, raised in the East Indies, from 1840 to 1850, cost the British Govern- ment one guinea per pound, yet she continues her efforts, and from the year 1800 to the present time, no half dozen successive, regular crops, have been produced in the East SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 169 Indies. One season 35,000,000 pounds, another 80,000,000 pounds, another 240,000,000 pounds, then back to 120,- 000,000 pounds, then again up to 400,000,000 pounds, until at last she has attained 1,500,000,000 or 2,000,- 000,000 pounds, (these figures are approximating ones.) With such an irregular production, it is impossible!" or her spinners to anticipate orders, and they must wait until the crop of the Inches is ascertained, and hence mnst look to the South for their regular supply. All political econ- omists know that the cotton area is within parallel, 30 and 35 degrees, is a belt 2,000 miles long and 24 .niles wide, extending from the Atlantic to the Pacific, and out of these limits cotton can not be raised in perfection. Indian, African, and Brazilian efforts will prove fruitless, and the whole world must ultimately look to the South for its supply of cotton. It may seem strange at first glance that cotton is so local in its attachments, but the same rule, it will be found, will apply to all valuable pro- ducts. Tea comes from China, the best coffee from Java, Mocha, and Rio, the best wines from France, a peculiar kind from Madeira, Holland for gin, England for beer, Brazil for diamonds, Mexico for silver, California for gold, each in their places, have their own specialities of production and manufacture, convincing us that it is the object of creation, that all shall be dependent, yet harmonious, and that the demand of one shall be answered by a supply from the other. We see it in our own coun- try, certain States produce cotton, Louisiana produces sugar, South Carolina produces rice, and Virginia pro- duces tobacco. It is strictly a law of nature that makes man a dependant, either as an individual, or in a national sense, and this dependence is most palpable, when affected by the laws of trade which are as fixed as those of the " Medes and Persians." Cotton is not King, but trade is, and until the South takes the commercial interest of her people more to heart, ceases to think of political pro- gression and the self-aggrandizement of leaders, she will never compete with the North, who have the nuineric.il strength, and balance of trade, which you now understand is the balance of power, and if the South does succeed in 12 170 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. breaking the chain, that now binds her, she will be merely transferred to another state of vassalage, having her com- mercial shackles forged by the hands of France and Eng- land. The South can only escape these dangers, by wise and prompt commercial legislation. Am I right, sir ?" I answered, "Yes, to a certain degree," somewhat im- pressed with the old gentleman's reasoning, but the South has ever looked to New York city, as the "Mecca" of her merchants, Saratoga and Cape May, have been her " Spa," and " Baden Baden," and so potent are these influences when exerted on our people, that should a war break out be- tween the sections to-morrow, and continue five years, one year after its cessation southern merchants would buy dry goods in New York or Philadelphia, brogans in Boston, soap, whiskey and candles in Cincinnati,* all owing to the capital of the North, which enables them to grant long credits. The planter makes a good crop, his surplus is invested in Negroes, the northern man places his profits in trade, and holds the lever, by which he moves the com- mercial interests of the country, to his own enriching. The south is not energetic enough, she is too much afraid of stocks and improvements, and does not seem to study political econemy as faithfully as she does political histo- ries, however, better days may come, when the South, true to herself, she will arise from her lethargic state, and occupy the true position nature has intended her, that of an independent producing region, and if dependent, it is from choice, not from necessity. At this point in the conversa- tion we neared the wharf, when the old gentleman re- newed his original subject, informing me he had expended, and the greater portion of his life, in compiling the work aforesaid, that he was so zealous in distributing, and he felt confident, that from his past success, he would meet with sufficient patronage in the future, to justify his efforts, He referred me to his list of subscribers, in which figured foreigners of distinction, senators, and diplomats, and hoped to have the pleasure of adding my name to the * The war is over, and the author's prediction is verified. " They " do huy soap, whiskey, and candles, in Cincinnati. The laws of trade are among the most immutable of all material matters. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 171 list. I responded, by ordering two copies, which seemed to please my venerable book-agent, who remarked, as we stepped upon the shore, with a smile, that seemed to indi- cate an innate virtue in the man, " Shall I mark you paid in advance." I was dumbfounded, and could not avoid the not classical answer, " nary time," and we both dis- appeared in the crowd. Suppose he tried one hundred persons a day, and met with one success, it was ample remuneration, as the subscription price to this mythical work was five dollars. He taught me much in relation to the duties of the South, and, I think, he deserved the five, although his object was to swindle me. The Zouave squad, at Johnson's island, was composed of six of the most chivalric denizens of that lovely isle. It was the intention of the gentlemen, comprising the nucleus of this formitable coalition, to have organized a corps, rivalling Billy Wilson's " Houghs" or Ellsworth's " pets" in drill, but circumstances have altered the pro- gramme. As comparisons are odious, I will not accord to any individual, the distinguished honor of lathering this organization, but merely give the names of the members, as I found them. M. Burke,* (spoken of in another "scrap,") whose war-cry was " Faugh, a ballah." Lieu- tenant John Morton,f of artillery. Lieutenant Morton is * M. Burke, the last I saw of him was on the deck of a Mississippi steamer, amusing himself in assisting to " wood." f Captain John W. Morton, from his release to the close of the war, per- formed the part of a gallant soldier. Modest, unassuming, and courageous, he was the most perfect specimen of the soldier and gentleman, the war pro- duced. The following letter, from one who knew kirn well, is attached to show, that " Bedford Forrest never mistook his man : "Head-quarters, Military Department Forrest's Cavalry Corps, 7 ' " Gainsville, Alabama, May 10, 1863. ) "Dear Sir : — It affords me pleasure, to report the following to you of the conduct of your son, Captain John W. Morton, Jr. " He was ordered to report to me for duty by General Bragg, to take charge of my Horse Artillery, in November, 1862. " His appearance was so youthful, and form so frail, (wishing stout, active men for my service,) I at first hesi- tated to receive him, but coming so well recommended by Colonel Hollen- quert, General Bragg's chief of artillery ; Major Graves, General Breckeuridge's chief of artillery, and others, I concluded to try him; having learned he was first lieutenant of 'Porter's' famous Tennessee battery, which surrendered at Fort Donaldson, February 16th, 1862 ; was highly complimented by General Buckner in his official report, and received from General Buckner the high appallation of ' gallant Lieutenant Morton, our heartless boy.' " I gave him command of a section of artillery, and moved with my first raid into West Tennessee, in December, 1862, and soon captured o^her guns, 172 SCRAPS FROM THE TRISON TABLE. from Nashville, Tennessee, son of Dr. Morton, a most dis- tinguished physicians of that city. He is one of the most perfect gentlemen in prison, the soul of honor, and one of the most promising officers in the army. The Zouaves sup- posed that "Johnny Morton" would make a good member. Sanders Sale is also of the artillery, was w T ounded at Donaldson, is a brave soldier, and of a character to make friends and enemies. Captain A. S. Levy is a South Carolinian, whose character is given in another " scrap;" Captain Farabee, who is also mentioned in another " scrap." The above gallant gentlemen, with the author, formed the Zouave squad. We began our first offensive operations, on the night of the 27th of May, 1862. The night was happily adapted to our peculiar performance, the rain poured, the darkness was profound and impenetrable. Our uniform and out-lit was characteristic of the night's movements : three coats, to keep us dry ; crackers, to appease the stomach's cravings : a hatchet, to keep off " cerulean apparitions," that might confront us ; and with a saw, rope, and a bottle of cognac, to fortify with, we moved to the front. But, to be serious, our little party of six were in prison, and anxious to escape. We had prepared to saw out, and had, as we supposed, arranged things to perfection. Our programme was, as follows : Burke took the lead, with the saw, having us in communication, by a rope, which he was to pull, as soon as the sawing w T as completed. The cause of our being called Zou-zou's, is attributed to John Morton, who, on being instructed by his uncle, Lieutenant Banks, (a highly and placed him in command of the battery ; and during this expedition, the gallant and efficient manner in which he handled his guns, won my confidence and esteem. He has been constantly with me since, in all my engagements, never absent from his post of duty, apparently happier when in the thickest of the fight. He has held with great credit, for twelve months past, the position of chief of artillery of my corps. By his soldierly bearing, generous disposition, atfable mtmners, 6trict attention to duty and the welfare of his men, uniform and true gallantry on so many fields, has made him many friends, and you may justly be proud of such a son. He was with the troops of this department, surrendered his ' old ' battery, one of the best equipped and finest in the service. " I deeply sympathize with him, and wish him much success and happiness in any vocation in after life. " Yours, most respectfully, "N. B. Forrest, Lieutenant General. " Dr. John W. Morton." SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 173 esteemed officer, and whose absense from the army will be sensibly felt,) replied, " Never mind me, I'm a Zou-zou, and aufait on scaling, climbing, or leaping." In proof of which, the, enthusiastic Zouave commenced sprawling, squatting, finishing volite a la Mobile. The writer, with a hatchet, was to exercise in the " parries," in prime, in second, in right, high prime, and left ditto, thrust, lunge, and etc. But again to facts. We crawled one hundred and fifty yards, through the wet grass, in a drenching rain. We crawled breathlessly, as the sentinels were ordered to fire on any one seen out after retreat. Never- theless — " faint heart never won fair lady," much less escaped a prison's bounds — we moved on, dreading our attack on the fence, that loomed up in our front, a regular "buncombe" one, ("bull strong, horse high, and pig tight,") and felt, " we fain would climb, yet fear to fall," and as it was high and studded with nails, the feat of gaining the crest might entail the loss of our nether gar- ments, and remembering the advice of Elizabeth, " if thy heart fails thee, climb not at all," and being afraid of slips, as the boy at marbles says, when he misses the big middler, concluded to call a halt, rallying on Sale, who was secure behind his fortification of " Martel's best," half of which had been demolished during the attack. The night was intensely dark, but our wily captors had placed reflectors on either wall of the prison, whose rays converged, forming an unbroken line of light, and we felt that to cross it would be worse than the Rubicon, and instead of the Pontine marshes, swamping us, we would have been inevitably swainped. The grass was high, and wet, and we were becoming quite uncomfortable, having lain in the grass three hours, awaiting a favorable opportu- nity to cross the fine of light, when a snakish form wrig- gles through the grass, and the pate of Captain Farabee glistens in the rays of the two converging reflectors. " Hush, the sentinel sees us." " The devil he does; what shall we do ?" " What do you say ?" "I am willing to do as they say." " Don't tell me what ' they say,'' (ilaron Burr.) You are in the lead, you say advance, advance it is ; retreat, we'll follow." " Then leap to the rear," 174 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. which we respond to, by a right, rear, vault, at a " 2.40" speed, reaching our quarters, soaked to the skin. Our expedition was a failure; the writer being accused of having gotten the affair up, for a sensational article. The night was one to invoke the pen or pencil of an artist. The wind howled, the lake-waves lashing the shore with fury, the lone lights from the light-houses, flitting like spectres, athwart the dark interval, the white breakers rushing madly upon the reef, the noiseless figures in the grass, the solitary sentinel in our front, the quick tread of the officer of the day, as he made his round, all combined to make it a worthy subject for record or canvas. The next day, we were all sore, and suffering from bad colds, excepting Sale, who had so well fortified himself, that he seemed exempt from all external impressions. The signal failure of the Zouave squad, has shown us the difficulties in the way of making an escape, and we have concluded, to wait for the development of other means, that may tend to deliver us from bondage, and rehabili- tate us, an,d then, in the exercise of those inalienable rights of an American citizen — trial by jury, and habeas corpus — we may again breathe the pure air of Heaven without these prison walls, and feel that all the crimes are not committed in the name of Liberty. The real cause of the failure of our many attempts to escape, is owing to the system of espionage within the prison, and that our custodians without were fully posted as to our movements within. It is ten months, this the 22d day of May, 1862, since I entered the army, and became acquainted with, and, was initiated into, the military system of log-rolling and wire-working, from the start. The thirst for office was as inordinate in military circles, as in the tamer atmos- phere of politics. The organization of regiments was in this wise: A, who has been in Congress, or who has held official position, obtains permission to raise a regi- ment, promises B a lieutenant-colonency, if he can control four companies; another, captain, a majority, for three companies ; furnishing three other unambitious captains, with the compliments of supplying his staft SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 175 department, from their companies, all of which generally culminates, in the command being dissatisfied, with the officers thus log-rolled upon them ; however, A is excus- able, as all men are, more or less, ambitious. I remember my Mend General Leslie Coombs, who is a brave and generous man, but has some vanity, and is a little ambitious himself; he it was who told John C. Breckinridge, "I have done more for my party, and received less, and you have done less and received more, than any two men alive." The General and myself were promenading Chestnut street, in the Quaker city, some years since, we stopped at Jones', a famous hotel at that time, to take a smile of "old wheat," a beverage for which this caterer was celebrated. After testing the article, the General became communicative, and gave me to understand, that the failure of the conservative ticket, at Baltimore, was owing to the absence of his name from the ticket. I think his ticket was Sam. Houston, of Texas, and Leslie Coombs, of Kentucky. This was all the result of ambition and vanity, yet there are few men who occupy a higher niche in the hearts of their friends, than this venerable soldier and politician of Kentucky. Associating with such men as him, Brown- low, that political Barnum of the South, and in sitting in the same pew at Baltimore, with that nondescript, Horace Maynard, of Tennessee, I possibly have become inoculated with that disease — ambition. Andrew Jackson Donaldson* was another one of my political friends. I introduced the major once, to an old friend of mine, from New Hampshire, who had read law with, and been an intimate friend of, Franklin Pierce. " How do you do ?" says the major, " From New Hampshire, the same State that d — d rascal Franklin Pierce is from ?" "I beg pardon, Major Donaldson, I know Franklin Pierce well, read law with him, and am assured he is an honest man." " Well, Mr. Merriam, I may have been abrupt. I can't * Major Donaldson is planting in Mississippi ; Merriam practicing law in Chicago, Illinois. 176 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. swear that he ever stole anything, but you must admit that he was a d — d fool." " No, no, sir," exclaimed our friend, " I esteem Mr. Pierce as a man of mind." At this juncture, several friends coming up, the conver- sation closed. The major told me, the next day, over some " anti- Buchanan spirits," as he termed them ; " I was rather severe on your friend yesterday. Say to him, that I didn't wish to hurt his feelings ; but I can't withold the expression of my detestation of Pierce." I felt sorry for Merriam, as he was one of the few Yankees, in the many I have met, who could pronounce C. O. W. as we spell it. Franklin Pierce had his faults, but was one of the most consistent politicians the country has produced. It is said, that while a member of Congress, at Washington, he and a friend were returning to their hotel, in the " wee sma" hours of the morning, when an unlucky trip sent his friend into the ditch, " who exclaimed, " Frank, help me out !" " I can't do that," says the generous and gal- lant Pierce, " but I'll come down and stay all night w r ith you." After his elevation to the Presidency, among a series of entertainments was a private dinner, given to a score of personal and political friends, to which his old companion in arms in Mexico, Jere Clemens,* was one of the most distinguished guests. A few hours, previous to dinner, Clemens and Pierce were closeted. They had not met since a certain convivial night in the halls of the Montezumas, and for several hours " fought their battles over again," over porter. This being too weak, a little cognac was added. Six p. m. approached, the dinner hour, still no abatement, and the guests were waiting, the President summoned his private secretary, Sydney Webster, excusing himself on the plea of illness. He requested Mr. Webster to assume his place, at the table. I asked Clemens, to whom I am indebted for this incident, how he came to be senator from Alabama. " Plain enough. I was in Mexico, colonel of infantry fifteen * Jere Clemens, deceased. SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 177 months, and on my return, my friends found I was fit for nothing else, and sent me to the United States Senate." But, to return to my being mustered in. I had seen so much of the above doings, that I thought my experi- ence — with a flesh wound — would give me promotion, but have been cut out, and lost my reckoning, by being- taken prisoner, and while here, have discovered, that ambition is a great humbug, and like the boy with the alphabet question, " whether it's worth while to go through so much, to learn so little." A man, to rise above the mass, or to retain marked individuality, must be a giant in some world, moral, physical, or intellectual; must be saint, or sinner ; Bonaparte, Caesar, or Wellington ; Cal- vin or Voltaire ; Hippocrates, or Valentine Mptt. And these men ventured health, life, limb, time, fortune, and their soul's salvation, to reach the eminence that made them great. There are but few men who are remembered, even by their grandchildren ; and I will venture to state, that those of my readers who know theirs, are in the minority. The discovery of mine has been a matter of research. Step into a grandchild's room, twenty-five years hence, and ask, whose portrait is that on the wall ? " That's my grandfather ; mother says he fought in the Revolution of 1861, and was killed at the battle of Shiloh." Ten years afterwards, the same portrait may be in the garret, to make room for a modern styled one, of a new member of the family ; and even you, my reader, if an oflicer or soldier, may be killed, and if so, let your ghost visit that little cottage a few years after your demise, and in the hall, upon the rack, that once held your tile, you will discover another chap's hat, stick and umbrella, it being possible, that your wife has consoled herself with number two. The reflection is not an agreeable one, but natural; for what a widow can't accomplish, is not worth striving for. "That's so," and "bevare of them," says old Weller; another argument, (the above,) against seeking the "bubble reputation at the cannon's mouth." As for myself, I am satisfied, and have arrived at the conclusion, "I had rather be a live jackass, than a dead lion.'" Therefore, I feel that my imprisonment is of 178 SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. real benefit, for while it has brought time for reflection, it has also enabled me to discriminate, what was worthy in the past, and what should be left to the gullibility of the present. I shall, in future, try and be politically honest, and retire from the scenes of this busy, pseudo, political, whiskey-headed, card-playing, theatre-going, late-supper-eating, humbuging, outer world, that is, when I get out, if I'm not corrupted from within. Well, you may say, "that's vanity," so say I, so says the preacher, 'all is vanity." Speaking of vanity, reminds the author of some little of his own. In 1850, while James C. Jones* was using his efforts to have the Memphis and Charlestown rail- road built, aided by James Robb, of New Orleans, I happened to meet him while in that city, he there for the purpose of making one of Ins railroad speeches, my os- tensible object in visiting the Crescent City, was to hear the world-renowned Jenny Lind, the Swedish nightingale. I had listened to the trills and cadences of Pedrioti and Fanti, Bishop Hayes, Biscacianti, Cariadora, Allen, Parodi, and a number of others, and having a passion for song, traveled twelve hundred miles to hear " Lind." I can never forget my feelings of satisfaction, after having breakfasted at Moreau's, lunched at Bonifan's, dined at Victor's, quaffed little potions at Sazerae and the Gem, and then having been tonsorially prepared by Rollins, I stepped into the lobby of the St. Charles theatre,, the scene of many a star's triumph, before the exquisite taste of the Creoles of Louisiana. I soon found myself in the "pit," which was a jam, as was all parts of the building. I sat in salmon tie, unblem- ished vest, and spotless kids, w T ith an elegant opera glass in rest, and felt that I had the "world in a sling." In gazing round the dress circle, at the beauties of a dozen States, who had traveled by every conveyance, thousands of miles to pay homage to the northern birdUng,) it suddenly Hashed o'er my mind, that I was the centre of attraction, and the objective point of hundred leveled glasses. I ♦Governor Jones died at Memphis, Tennessee. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 179 eould not make up my mind, whether it was my good looks, or style, as I could not attribute it to anything else, not being old or wise enough, to have figured in the many worlds of fashion, science, politics, or religion. The supposed triumph was too much for me, and I retired, to recuperate with a " brandy smash," after which I resumed my seat, inflamed with self, puffed up with vanity, feeling like Alexander, when he had conquered his last world. But it was a delusive wand that had touched me, the enchanting one of vanity, and it turned my transparent head around, where sat immediately in my rear, " Lean Jimmy," formerly governor, senator, and one of the noblest men in the South, the observed of all observers, in company with Colonel David Leatherman,* one of the handsomest men in the South ; my feathers fell in a trice, and I have been a modest man ever since. Speaking of Leatherman, reminds me of one of his eccentricities. On remarking he would stump the State of Tennessee, from Shelby to Carter, during a late political canvass, he was asked upon what issues. " Ah, that's the question," says the prudent politician, a non-committal position that he still adheres to. All great men are not modest, who would imagine that Cobden, the great English statesman, with white cravat, and eyes as meek as a child, to be a joker. Some time since, we met Cobden, in Paris, at one of Charles J. Faulkner's receptions, at which there were the- Persian ambassadors, Commodore Stewart's widow and son ; W. P. Smith and bride, representing the elite of Philadelphia ; the Emory's, of Cincinnati, a charming family ; Miss Preston, of Kentucky, forming with Miss Goodrich, of New Orleans, a galaxy of fashion and beauty, unequalled in any of the salons of Europe. C. J. Faulk- ner was a Virginian of the old school, and knew how to make " apple toddy," to which I paid my devoirs, assisted by Judge McKinstry, of California, and Major Brownlee, St. Louis, since dead, "peace to his ashes." He be- came a sympathizer with the South, was banished St. Louis under a vandal order, with only four days' notice. *Leatherman is, as usual, anticipating a happy political future, yet a most companionable gentleman. 180 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. This great grief, added to a feeble constitution, killed one of the best men that ever adorned the commercial circles of that city. While the " toddies " were flowing, I was introduced to Mr. Cobden, who was " pleased to know that I was from the West." " You Western people are wild speculators, your whole system of hypothecation on land is dangerous, you have invested largely in them, with credit as a base of opera- tions, and your crops having failed for several years, you are bankrupt, and in fact," says this model of the stoical Englishman, this mild and urbane Briton, "you remind me very much of a gentleman caught out, without his unmentionables." I was astonished, and felt conscious that all men 'are fond of quaint expressions, but this quaint expression is like much of our modern prose and poetry, borrowed. By referring to the files of old newspapers, or the original works of original authors, you will be reminded of the resemblance between the literary treats of the present and of the past, changed, and garbled, so that the originators would not know the sermon, while they created the text. There is very little that is original, "except original sin," and I much prefer simplicity and some little impurity of diction, with not so much perspi- cuity, and more originality. Stephen A. Douglas, was an original thinker, and deep as the ocean in his political subtleties, yet as artless as a child, in his impulses. lu a conversation with him once, at Washington, I remarked, "Your Squatter Sovereignty, Mr. Douglas, has cast a lire-brand among your Southern friends." ' ' It was not my intention, sir, I am for peace. " "Yes," I replied, "you would conquer one." At that moment some one beckoned to him, from the other side of the Hall of Representatives, (where we were conversing,) and excusing himself, skipped off like a boy. I am not much of a politician, but if the much mooted question, that brought Stephen A. Douglas before the country, was not understood by the people, it was simply because they had no confidenc in the judgment of Daniel Webster, who resolved the whole question into SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 181 one of soil and climate, showing- that where the soil was susceptible of slave labor, there it would naturally go. After leaving Douglas, I was introduced to Roger A. Pryor, of Virginia, now one of our Generals, a polished hot-housed political plant* with much brilliancy of classi- cal lore, and urbane deportment, and if restrained, opportune circumstances may afford him a chance to properly employ his talents. The laudations of a crowd, who barely understand his trophes and figures, and the enthusiasm of his friends has nearly ruined Pryor. In America, a man is not born with political character, neither must he seek it, rather let it be thrust upon him. But all, I repeat, is vanity. I have it in writing this book, and like China, I may be injured by my bad verses, but I hope not badly kilt. I have amused my "mess" with an adventure in London, now they claim another from Paris. In 18 — I found myself on that splendid effort of the lamented George Steers, the peerless Adriatic, en route for France; a parting tear, an embrace, the wave of handkerchiefs, a few puffs, and we steam out, in a few hours we are off Sandy Hook, a few more, and the wide expanse of water encircles us, we cast one long, lingering glance, at the trackless waste behind, compress our lips, and with a sigh, turn our head to the East. Sea voyages have been described so often, that we will not bore our readers, w r itha repitition of description. We were sea-sick, had good and foul weather, and arrived safe at Southampton, landed the English mails, and passengers, then turned our bow-sprit towards Havre, which we reached after a run of seven hours. We leave Havre for Paris, passing through Normandy, one of the finest farming regions on the earth. They have no rugged fences to mar the beauty of the landscape, a simple stone marks the boundaries of estates; vast masses of foliage, added to the crimson of the fields of dotted poppies, the richly laden cherry trees, with their spark- ling fruit, peeping from the midst of emerald leaves, seem like some old painting. Then the little villages, that looked a thousand years old, whose people appeared 182 SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. as if they had slept centuries, and had awakened to con- tinue their same routine of daily duties, as of yore. They wear the same costumes as those of their patriarchal ancestry, but if they retain the quaintness of the antique past, in relation to style and habit, they seem to have attained the perfection of economy, in its application to farming. You will not find a rock, or stick, beneath a fruit tree, the smallest cherry is picked from its stem, and carefully gathered, without bruise; the limbs of fruit trees are trained upon walls of houses and courts, thus economizing space: the vegetable is not pulled from the soil, as we would jerk up a radish, but a sharp instrument is inserted in the ground around each, so as to loosen the soil, thus avoiding lacerating the tender fibre of the half matured vegetable attached. All is attention and care, for while labor is cheap, the laborer receiving from 30 to 40, ami the women from 25 to 30 cents per day, while land rents, in some instances, as high as sixty dollars per acre: the women do the digging, and watering, the men the residue. The most remarkable perfection is attained in the production of beets, some weighing as much as eighty pounds, the sugar produced from them is universally used on the continent. We leave Normandy, with its famous old towers, and its beautiful scenery, described by a myriad of writers of all kinds of fry, a majority of the small fry order. There- fore, not wishing to be rated with the latter class, we pass i >n to Pari-, where much is to be seen. To find Americans, you go to the Grand Hotel, the most magnificent, and the worst kept in Paris. For elegance and comfort, we go to the Grand Hotel d'Louvre, on the Rue Rivoli. You leave the hotel, drive out the Rivoli, cross the Place du 1 mcorde, look at the site of the guillotine, now sur- mounted by an Egyptian obilisk of Luxor, of the time of Seostris, 3,000 years ago. You leave this beautiful square, and continue out the champs Elysees, to the Bois d'Bologne. Here you have some of the most magnificent w^rks of art, to be found upon the globe — lakes, cascades, a miniature Niagara, artificial banks of roses, which fasci- nate you, even to wearisomeness ; and you turn to gaze upon SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 183 the brilliant scene of vehicles, comprising phcetons, car- riages, ventures remises, filled with the beauty and fashion of Paris, from mi Lord and Lady to the Lorettes and Grrisettes. Here comes the Emperor, Empress, and Prince Imperial, and in a few moments, followed by a butcher in his cart, the Bois d'Bologne knows no social distinction, and Louis Xapoleon is a better democrat, than t\v. '-thirds of those gentlemen at Washington, who are " ringing- little bells." and having honest men dragged from their beds at the dead hour of night, and sent we know not where. For amusement, you can go to the opera, or to the jardin — Mabile or the Chateau d'Fleurs, and a hun- dred places, useless to mention There are a thousand sights to be seen in Paris, to see either of which, is worth the trouble of an Atlantic voyage. We saw many of them, and returned to our hotel, fatL and thirsty, and while recuperating, under the influence of some of Martel's best, we were approached by another strange gentleman, this time in brown. He took a seat vis a and also called for a glass of cognac, as in Europe you are not expected to invite every gentleman who sits near to drink with you. The same rule applies at a restaurant. If you invite a person to dine with you, it is understood that the expense is divided. This is general ; there are special cases, however. You frequently fall into conver- sation with gentlemen sitting near you, as I did in this instance : thence into an argument, he assuming the nega- tive, to my positive assertion, of the superiority of the nineteenth century. " The world is not fitted for progression ; a principle i if truth and virtue, which as yet have not been cardinal points in the world's history. In this sphere all forms may change, but the original substance remains the same. In- one era, you dwell with wonder upon the art that cre- ated the "hanging gardens of Semiramis ; in another, the world looks on, in amazement, at the apparently super- human efforts that raised the Pyramids. The baths of < 'aracalla were marvels of genius in one age : Grallileo brings out the telescope, thus extending man's vision into the mysteries of the stella universe. Where do we get our 184 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. architectural beauties : the simple and massive Doric : the severe beauty of the Ionic ; the elegant Corinthian, and the Italian, Tuscan, and Composite, with the grandeur of the Gothic, but in the past ? The Archimedean screw and burning reflectors ; the triumphs of skill, in engineer- ing, and chemicals of one period ; the Chinese wall, and < ither wonders of the genius of the past, applied to differ- ent ages, satisfy us, that in those fields of inventive and mechanical, genius, the nineteenth century finds an un- questioned superiority. Homer flourished in one age : Solon of Athens, Periander of Corinth, Bias of Priene, and Lycurgus, had their periods of poetry, philosophy, and law-giving ; iEsculapius and Hippocrates initiated the science of medicine; Xenophon made the most memo- rable of retreats ; Cesar, Pompey, Hannibal, Scipio, Atilla, Alexander, and Xerxes, distinguished themselves as warriors, at different epochs, and have left perr.tual monuments of the generations that produced them. vV'om- an has added the genius of her nature, and has contributed to make remarkable, the eras that have tank into the oblivion of the past. Semiramis Cleopatra, Joan of Arc. Cornelia, Charlotte Corday, and a host of famous author- esses, poetesses, and amazons of power and talent, have illumined with their greatness, the generations in which they flourished. The Iron, Brazen, and Golden ages, have all had their periods of Rebellion and Revolution ; < »f men, and women, great and small ; of Bonaparte and D'Stael ; of Washington and Hemans, and in our day, of Howard and Nightingale. "As to any great men in politics of to-day, there are two, Napoleon and Bismark, in America none. In mili- tary circles, Bazaine, who sacrificed himself rather than disturb the prestige of his Emperor ; George B. McClellan, whose military genius would have adorned any period, and Robert E. Lee,* the master military spirit of the age, heroic even in his defeat. " We are not benefitted by the light of the past, as is usually accepted, nor by the experience of others, there- * Robert E. Lee. (is now 18G8,) President of Washington College, Virginia. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 185 fore the wisdom of nineteen centuries is lost upon us, and we are indebted to the intelligence furnished us by that < Jreat Being, who gives to us, as to each i >ther century, things agreeable to His will, and adapted to the wants of each. Were it not so, Mexico would profit by her fifty-six Revolu- tions, and the many different governments of Europe, by past political convulsions, that have cost millions of treasure, and the sacrifice of a myriad of lives, and in America, our system is the result of success, obtained through the murder and robbery of the red man. All human government is imperfect, the most perfect organized society is not secure, the dearest of ties, domestic, social, political, or religious: are disturbed and broken through man's incapacity to control his passions, all of which proves to our mind, the fallacy of that theory of human legislation, which pro- poses, by its workings, to insure the greatest amount of ,_ood to the greatest number, and satisfies us, that govern- ment is not the result of Revolution, but Revolution is a consequence of government, and as long as the world stands originals will exist, while derivatives may change their forms." "You have satisfied me, sir. the negative has it, with this exception, that the 'bad whiskey,' sold in the caffes of Paris, and represented as the best ' Old Bourbon,' has never had, nor never will have, its equal, in any centurv." 13 180 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. CHAPTER VII, THE "LONE STAR " STATE— TURCHIN IN ALABAMA " OUT-HERODING " BUTLER IN LOUISIANA.— WM. G. RROWNLOW, THE "BARNUM" OP THE SOUTH.— GRAPE- VINE LINE ACTIVE.— THE "FOURTH ESTATE" IN PRISON.— nOW WE OBTAIN STIMULANTS.— GREAT EXCITEMENT IN CAMP.— CONFEDERATES REPORTED VICTORIOUS.— THE MUNIFI- CENCE OF OUR CUSTODIANS.— OUR LAUNDRY.— HUMAN NATURE IN BREAD CHUNKS.— EDWIN M. STANTON, SECRETARY OF WAR.— ARRIVAL OF CIVILIANS.— MURDER OF A PRISONER BY A SENTI- NEL.— BIG GATE.— THEY STOLE MY WHISKEY, AND ROBBED PETER TO PAY PAUL.— JOKE ON OUR CUSTODIANS.— PICNICIANS ON THE RAMPAGE. ¥E have thirty -two officers in prison from Texas. To the traveler, who has been in the wilds of Texas, the distino-uishino- of these brave and daring men from the natives of other States, as he traverses our campus, is no difficult task. One of the most remarkable characters from Texas, with us, is Lieutenant D. P. Gallagher. He has held his own, in every circle in which he has ever figured — California, Nicaragua, thence into the fields of Texas, then a soldier, now a prisoner. " Texas," as we call him, is as little susceptible of change as any prisoner in the pen ; has a head and hand shaped right, for " pok- er," of which game he is the acknowledged chief; and he is a perfect specimen of the men of that soil, that has been watered by the blood of Crockett, Travis, and Bowie. The other Texans with us are a distinguished body of officers, who will make their mark, whenever time and place offers an opportunity. The following are those personally known to us : Ser- geant S. F. Moody, Captain W. S. Moody, Lieutenant C. F. Moore, Lieutenant W. McAlpine, Lieutenant J. C. Lowe, Lieutenant G. B. Lipscomb, Lieutenant J. D. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 187 Henderson, Robert H. High, Wm, T. Harris, Lieutenant A. Ford, Lieutenant J. H. English, Lieutenant S. P. Donnelly, Adjutant W. D. Daylen, Lieutenant J. H. Col- let, Lieutenant J. H. Coven, Lieutenant J. M. Craig, Lieutenant Thomas 13. Camp, Captain J. W. Brown, Cap- tain H. M. Bradheart, George A. Blain, George F. Boley, Captain E. F Broughton, Lieutenant E. Ballinger, Lieu- tenant T. J. Bell. We have sad news in prison to-day from Alabama, relating to abominable atrocities, committed at Athens, in that State, by a horde of barbarians, under the imme- diate command of Colonel lurching the same miscreant, who disgraced the name of soldier in Missouri, committing excesses, that the soul of civilization revolts at. Let this officer and his command be remembered by the gallant sons of Alabama. Let them inscribe upon their banners, " Victory or death, over all such murderers as Turchin and his command, those violators of children, robbers, and assassins, authors of crimes so monstrous, that human nature revolts at their recital, Butler, the 'beast,' and T urchin, the 'American Hay nau.'" (The Austrian tyrant merely lashed women ; this would be a mild offense for Turchin.) William G. Brownlow,* the " Barnum " of the South. This arrant " humbug," now perambulating the gullible North, is hardly worth a few lines ; but as he has attracted some attention, by the publication of a huge volume of blackguardisms, and vituperative falsehoods, it would seem vain to overlook him. This blasphemer is politically what the French call a "charlatan," good society a "black- guard," the rabble a " brick." He says, he never took a " drink" in his life. His little, weazened and cadaverous features show the absence of that soul, that incites a man, to indulge in a " little wine for the stomach's sake." He says, he does not use tobacco. This we also believe, as * No greater scoundrel than the present Governor of Tennessee ever dis- graced the gubernatorial chair of any State. This agrarian is a curse, upon the soil ; and there can be no relief from his putrid carcass, until the Father of lies claims his son — W. G. Brownlow, the blackguard, incendiarv, and blas- phemer. His book, CkUds, of the Philadelphia " Ledger," gave him $15,000 for ; to help him, 'tis said. 188 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. he is too mean to buy it. I met this clerical hypocrite at the Baltimore convention, where I had a fine oppor- tunity, of listening to his ribaldry and cant. He has no talent. His reputation, as a writer, is based upon the same capital that built up Bennett — a sort of " stingare." Brownlow has some nerve; as he fears no Hell, conscious that no element has more fire in it, than his own bad pas- sions. The Revolution has thrown him to the surface, a's it has other scum ; and failing in his attempt to impose upon the South, he has sold out to the North, whom he is now "Barnumizing." To-day, Sunday, July 21st, 18b'2, is the most violently active one w T e have had. Grape-vine lias been startlingly alive, to the merest rumors. Slips from ancient papers, with letters from hopeful and confident Fort Warren prisoners, were eagerly scrutinized, and in some instances severely criticized. One letter from Colonel Cooke, of the Thirty-second Tennessee, one of the most popular officers in the army, reads, " Be of good cheer, we will be out in a few days." But unfortunately for the relia- bility of the colonel's judgment, he wrote the same thing two months ago, proving our Fort Warren friends to be as credulous as ourselves. The letters, however, from all quarters, are more cheering, and we are more hopeful. The father of Captain Hedden visited us yesterday, an intelligent citizen of New Jersey, who is sanguine of our speedy exchange. Some one has a letter from Colonel Lyon, who has one from Colonel Kenly, of Baltimore, who saw Stanton, who said, that the only impediment was Buck- ner ; but that the Federal government had agreed to give np this noble Kentuckian ; and that General Dix had been authorized to accede to the demands of the Confederates, and arrange as per cartel of 1812; all of which makes a pretty good chain of circumstantial evi- dence in exchange, whieh has carried the stock up to-day, " higher than a kite." May the stock still go up, up, up. until we go down, down, down, to Dixie, where, " With a bottle of whiskey in each hand, Many will make their gallant stand In the happy land of Dixie." SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 189 The press is the most powerful of all the moral engines in the world; it has more influence upon the 'mass, than all other forces combined. The press, with the powerful influence it wields, is not always the leader of popular opinion. It visually feels the public pulse, and taking its direction from their impulses, leaps to the front of the pro- gressive element, and becomes its champion ; too often assuming any expedient that may give it prestige with its " drawn in followers." The press, under the control of a badly balanced head, is mighty to do evil; directed by the power of a bad heart, is a dangerous weapon, and powerless for good; but in the hands of wisdom, the press is the most beneficent creation in the physical world. The " New York Herald." This sheet comes out after the battle of Fair Oaks, (which is claimed as a brilliant victory by the Confederates,) and says in flaming capitals, " Glorious victory for the United States forces under McClellan, our loss 200." A few days afterward, in small print, " 200 typographical error, loss supposed to be 3,000." A week afterward, in still smaller print, " real luss about 7,000." But the aim of the "Herald" is accomplished, the first impression upon the public mind is lasting, and the after corrections are of little importance until the developments of time prove the "-Herald's" falsehoods, and then, the articles are only remembered by a few, as the mass, in the exciting present, lose sight of the past, and the "Herald," with the independence of impunity, goes on lying. The "Tribune" says "A or B, is a great scoundrel," in large type. A hundred thousand readers pore over its slanders, and believe them. The following day, the amende honorable is made in small type, and is read by (possibly) one half of those who swallowed the slander of the previous " issue." Thus fifty thousand persons remain under the impression, for the balance of their days, that the man is a great rascal. All papers have a weakness for puffing Adams' Express. < )n the sea-board and river towns, steamships and steam- boats. Editors, in general, are fond of whiskey. Writers for literary weeklies, of women and the twist of their moustache. Political editors vearn for fat consulates. 190 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Printer's devils are really impish, follow copy if it goes out the window ; criticize the chirography of corres- pondents, and curse the want of brain that presents unintelligible manuscript, yet emanating from the genius of an individual who loans the editor sufficient to meet composition bills. Carriers are in ecstacy when the "New Year's Address" is profitable ; too many of them chew, smoke, and swear, and if you don't watch them, will sell you a paper a week old. Like the Gamins of Paris, they look upon the world as their victims, outside of then- own craft. I was standing on Lafayette Square, in the city of New Orleans, some years since, witnessing a review of the "Louisiana Legion," by Major-General Lewis. I was anxious to hear Jordan, the famous old drummer of New Orleans, and Mexican war notoriety, and to see the evolutions of the " Louisiana Grays," a celebrated company of the Crescent City. Being a stranger, I interrogated one of two little news- venders standing by, as to the position of the company in the line ? The little fellow looked me right square in the eye, while he expectorated a quid, with the nonchalance of a Jack tar, answered, ask Bill, I don't study geography, then opened a battery on the passers by, " here's your Crescent, Picayune, Bee, and Delta." The boys always take to the political tenets of their paper, and discuss the " why and wherefore," with as much enthusiasm, if not with as much ability, as their wiser "bosses." Papers, like theories, have their day, Hourish, decay, and die. The smart ones, who control theirs, get rich during the sunshine. Philadelphia papers were once potent; they yielded to Boston, and now New York bears off the palm. Bonner, with his blood and thunder stories, having trotted (Dexter-like) over the field of weekly journalism. He, as others before him, will live a few years, and Bonner's "Ledger" will be among the things that were. Before the innovations of the telegram, and the retirement of Kendall, the "Picayune," of New Orleans, was par excellence the journal of the South, and was to that section, what the " New York World" is to the North; the "Boston Post" to the East, and the SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 191 "Louisville JourDal" and the "Memphis Avalanche" are to the West, what the "Picayune" was, the "Crescent" is. The press of to-day,* is in a position to take its stand as the great mover of the moral world, or to ruin it by vacillation, pandering, and falsity, and thus reduce itself to a state of negativeness, that will demoralize its efficiency, leaving us nothing but rags, ink, and bell- metal. We have many journalists of rare ability within these prison walls, whose names are known to the country as being among its most distinguished writers, to whom the Southern people can look as the proper custodians of the interests of the "Fourth Estate": Captain Beaumont, of the Nashville press; G. W. McCraine, that fearless writer and courtly gentleman : Ward, that chaste writer of the Tennessee press; Hogane. of the Missouri ; Lipscomb, of the New Orleans ; Whit- field of the Alabama ; and Simms, of the Georgia — the latter one of the most brilliant writers in the country. Army officers, no matter of what clime or caste, have a strong penchant foi alcoholic beverages, most particu- larly when • absent from the excitements of camp and field. Imprisonment begets thought, then ennui, then we need some little reactionary fluid to partially destroy, if we can't drive " dull care away." But the officials of this point of land, (I wish it was a neck instead, attached to a goodly bottle,) have denied us the invigorator, so we have resorted to all kinds of tricks to get a " drop o' the erather," in (an article that attracted the Irishman to the summit of Vesuvius, learning that at this point alone, there was a superabundance of the " crater.") A trick at camp used to be, steal a barrel from the commisary, bury it, and play " mumble the peg," over the bung-hole, each man mumbling in turn, sucking at a quill, rather than pulling at the peg ; it has been done within ten steps of the officer's tent. Some would introduce it in coffee pots, the jaw of the spout filled with dough, the mouth with buttermilk. Some few days since. Captain Morton was inclined to imbibe a drop of * The great paper of America to-day — 1868 — is Brick Ponieroy's, in New- York, because tearless and honest. 192 SCRAPS FKOM THE PRISON TABLE. the ardent, and conceived the happy expedient of feign- ing sickness, so we put him in bed. Jake Morton is one of your melancholly looking men, deep black eyes, very nervous, and can feign a shake, like a man with the ague. As soon as we got him up to a good shaking point, we sent for the post surgeon, who prescribed a quart of whiskey and an ounce of Peruvian bark, to be well shaken before taken, and drank ad libitum. .lake had read of the entire exemption of the workers in Peruvian bark from fever, and as a sanitary measure, concluded to put the bark in his pocket, and take the whiskey plain. There was one drink around, for when it comes, seldom the potations are large. Jake's disease kept us in spirits some time. Jack Handy has reported, that there is a jug of good whiskey in the hosptal, "how to capture it," is the unanimous expression. We got a jug, sealed it with wax, and arranged that Captain Pal- mer and T. Saunders Sale, should take a loose linen coat, .secreting the jug beneath its capaciousness, get some of the hoys to raise a row in front of the hospital, which would attract the inmates to the front, thus enabling the two juggists to make the change at the back door. Unfortu- nately for the plot, so well laid, .the owner came for his jug, and we lost the spirits, since which time, we have suffered the pangs of the victims of the jug or ?wt, (Jug- gernaut.) Our Georgia friends have smuggled in some Otard, in bottles labelled, "Allsups." Some has come in false bottomed buckets, and by the use of other means, not mentionable. We manage now and then, to keep our spirits up, by pouring a few drops down. To-day, the sutler brings in a bundle of extras. They announce in ambiguous language, it is true, yet unmis- takable to us, that we have won a great battle at Rich- mond, June HO, L862, and the enemy has found our last ditch. Many brave and gallant soldiers have bitten the dust, many households made desolate, yet a thousand voices, in our prison to-day, are expressing their joy at the victory. One of our most staid prisoners, ever digni- fied and reticent, Captain Walker, of Tennessee, has thrown his hat away, and is carried off by his friends. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 193 Lieutenant C. H. Stockdell, of Nashville, Tennessee, one of the most intelligent and sprightly gentlemen in prison, is quite carried away by his feelings. The news lias reached the hospital, and acts like a charm on the sick, (rood news is a fine curative, tattling and prison duties are forgotten, all play is suspended, the buildings are deserted for the campus, and all join in the general rejoicing. Our custodians can't stand the disappoint- ment, now comes their turn. " Stop that yelling, you d — d rebels, and clear the campus, or we'll fire upon you." " We are not disobeying orders, or breaking rules." " Clear the campus, and dry up, or d — n your rebel hearts, we'll give it to you." "do to the front, you cowardly scoundrels," mutters each Confederate, as he enters his room, " where you can have a chance of facing men with weapons in their hands, a more dangerous business than threatening, and murder- ing unarmed prisoners." The hospital has been alluded to before, but will bear repitition, as it has changed hands. The release ot our surgeons unconditionally, thus leaving the sick without medical attendance, has made a draft upon some of our line officers, who were practicing physicians at home, of the first order of ability. Captain Allen, of the Fortieth Regiment, Tennessee Volunteers, is now in charge of the hospital, lie is a calm, dignified gentleman, skillful in his profession, and quite popular with the sick. Captain Ray, of Lauderdale county, Alabama, is an assistant, and adds to his medical knowledge conversational powers, and gentlemanly bearing. Captain McNutt, and Lieutenant Coppice, of Tennessee, also aid in the dispensatory; are very attentive, confine themselves strictly to their duties, which arc quite arduous. Their untiring efforts, in connection with their chief, Captain Allen, to administer to the sick, entitle them to the grateful acknowledgments of the entire prison. On entering the prison a sergeant approaches the "mess," and desires to know if any are suffering for clothing, and if a candidate responds in the affirmative, 194 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. his breeches are critically examined by the energetic non- commissioned officer, who, if the breach be a wide one, furnishes a new pair of pants, a light blue blouse, alittle cap, a pair of drawers and shirt, and one blanket for two men. There were but few of us who got the blues, in this particular, as many did not need them, and not over a half dozen became ornamented with what we deemed badges of servitude. One blanket for two men would be sufficient covering in Calcutta, but in Johnson's island it is for those to determine who have tried it. Our com- mandant says, that if we lose our buildings by lire, we will suffer ; it is possible with one blanket to two men: however, the issuance is on a par with the other brutalities extended. Did we depend on our custodians for neces- saries, much less superfluities, we would have a sorry time on Johnson's island. We have expended $60,000, since our arrival, the greater proportion of which has been devoted to supplies, as the chunk of fat pork that adorns our mess-table, is not sufficient to make Falstaffs of any of us. We have had many friends among the humanitarians North, to whom w r e are indebted for many comforts, that have gone far towards soothing the rigors of our imprisonment and the asperities engendered by subordination to Pierson and his braves. Solomon, when asked by the Queen of Sheba, to select the boys from the girls out of fifty equally divided, as to sex, but all dressed alike, as boys, ordered water for ablutions, and discovered that the females rolled their sleeves to the elbow, the males to the w r rist. Solomon's wisdom answered for th ose days, but he would have been sadly at fault had he visited our laundry at Johnson's island and seen the spe etaele of four confederate officers, with coats off and sleeves rolled up, not only to the elbow but the arm pits, manipulating socks, handker- chiefs, and unmentionables generally. The establish- ment of our laundry by the four officers aforesaid, resulted from capital ; they having means sufficient to buy soap, and wit enough to borrow tubs, in consequence thereof they do a "land-office" business. Monday morn- ing is the time for delivering your articles, as the chief SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 195 of the establishment is positive and despotic, (capital ever is,) and will not receive garments after sharp four p. M., Monday, and will only deliver up to .sharp dark. Saturday. We patronized the establishment, as having attempted the washing of a doughty shirt at camp Chase, that like the Gascon's, had been changed in two months, and then inside out; he it was who said "what a filthy iellow he must be who changes his garment every day," and found ourselves unequal to the task. We soaked it and wrung it, and tried to dry it on the stove-pipe. After three days it was still wet, and on being trans- ferred to this island, we nailed it to the wall, where it still hangs, as a wet memento of the writer's failure as a washerman. Our laundry on Johnson's island has system. A cigar box is nailed to a tree, and in which are found pieces of blank paper, the executive head of the establishment retaining his pencil in his port-folio ; not that he feared its disappearance surreptitiously, but pencils were pencils. Each patron of the firm wrote his name, and number of articles — the latter not a difficult task — on his bundle, and turned joyfully away hoping that a mistake would occur on delivery, he getting some one's article for his own, knowing he could not be worsted. Each thinking so felt safe as to the return of their articles. It is a curious sight, a hundred bundles strung out under the eyes of the managers, who were buoyant in anticipation of the returns, at the close of the week. The charge is five cents per piece. The prisoner who has more than one shirt, is a Pacha with three tails, to his shirts. "He who steals my 'rank,' steals trash;" but he who filches from me my chunk of bread, robs me of that that will not satiate him, and I am not much the worse, as the United States commissary's flour, at this post, is mene, mene, tekel, upharsin. Tell it not in Gath, but 'tis even so, a brother officer, who was honest at home, watching a favorable opportunity, to-day at dinner, exchanged his chunk of the staff of life for mine — having an eye to quantity as well as quality. 'Tis said, human nature is made up of chunks; but a hungry man is averse to hav- 196 SCEAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. ing the individual representative of nature made of huge proportions, at the expense of his stomach. Man is a queer animal ; some are born great, and don't know it. Like English Hobson, who, in letting horses, forced each comer to take the one next the stable door, little dream- ing, that " Hobson's choice" would become a common proverb, and thus be notorious in a certain sense. So with my chum ; the greatness, that I envelope him with, will descend to posterity, as a " commissary's choice." My fellow prisoners can see the point. We make history for the pilferer, but on the bread question we lose avoir- dupois. " Necessity knows no law ;" but when a man slips up on a friend, on the subject of bread chunks, and in a season of good wheat crops, in a fraternal sense, we place him beyond the pale of— communion. It is not exactly the province of a prisoner of war, to say much about outside barbarians, but as Edwin M. Stan- ton, Secretary of War, the barbarian aforesaid, has placed himself in a position to be shot at, why it is but fair, we should make him a target ; and if we don't knock the black out, the arch military tiend of the war department of the United States will, if the North whips the fight. Until the world in aghast at the atrocities, that in such an event will ensue, will exclaim, not as of yore, when the Puritans were robbing and murdering the Indians, "Lo ! the poor Indian !" but with ejaculations of horror, "Alas! the poor African !" He bid Godspeed to Senator Brown, as he was leaving the senate, to unite his fortunes with the South. He was also Buchanan's legal adviser, when the struggle was fermenting. He earneastly advised and commended the course that Breckenridge pursued ; and look at him now. I have examined the record alpha- betically of all great men, both good and bad ; and of all the bad men, not one but has had some spark of manhood, some devotional instinct, or some humane inspiration. Robespierre signed death warrants with one hand, and stroked a poodle with the other ; Marat left intelligent works ot science, although a butcher of his kind ; Nero was fond of music ; Caracalla had architectural tastes ; Xerxes and Alexander could weep ; but poor Stanton is sans SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 197 soul, sans heart, sans taste, sans everything that is noble and true. I had asked a parole, for the State of Ohio, knowing they were granted in a score of cases, and it had been strongly recommended by that polished gentleman, and humane Union soldier, Inspector General Wright, of the State of Ohio, and approved by Governor Todd, of the same State, whose consistent kindness to prisoners is proverbial. And on being transferred from camp Chase to this prison, I had forwarded the parole to Edward Everett, of Massachusetts, for his influence, as the super- intendent of our prison would not honor any recommen- dation of Governor Todd, referring me to the Secretary of War. In a few days, I received the following from Mr. Everett : " Chicago, May 14th, 1862. " Dear Sir : — Your letter, inclosing General Wright's parole, having been forwarded to me at this place, was received by me this evening. I will, by the next mail, address a letter to the Secretary of War, inclosing Gen- eral Wright's parole, and recuiesting the Secretary to ratify it. " Respectfully Yours, " Edward Everett." The immaculate gave an ecjuivocal reply. Again the honorable gentleman applied — and a similar answer from the scarecrow of the war department. The third time the kind-hearted Everett asked for my release, and the final answer of the bear was : " No special paroles granted until the rebels lay down their arms, as the arrangement for a cartel has been broken by their bad faith, by thus telling a lie; and snubbing the distinguished son of Massa- chusetts, whom he detested because he was a gentleman. Were it not so, the favor would have been granted, out of courtesy to Mr. Everett's eminent position, and even if a political opponent, among gentlemen, the courtesy was doubly due — little points, however, that Stanton is not supposed to know anything about. It was not a fling at me, for I am too small a fish for this mighty Levia- than to swallow, Plutarch said: "the difference be- tween a man and a beast was, the latter had no knowl- ]}>K SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. edge or feeling of a Deity." If Stanton felt or knew there was a God, he would act differently, "the Beast." Of all the damning outrages committed by our enemies on the Southern people, one of the most high-handed, is the arrest of private citizens, of whom several hundred are driven into the pen to-day, like sheep led to the slaughter. Some taken from their beds, others from their desks, and ploughs, and some from the bar, and pulpit, hurried off, half clad, without warning or a suspicion of a charge against them. I asked one, of the several old men, in camp Chase, a man at least seventy-five years of age, with hoary beard and tottering steps, as he was wandering listlessly around the prison yard : " How came you here ?" " I can't tell. I was taken from my home and brought here, I don't know what for. I did no one harm, and am very much distressed about my people; they will not know what has become of me." Others did not know why they were similiarly treated, nor could any of us tell them. Among the arrivals, this morning, is the distinguished Dr. Hobson, of Kentucky, one of the most eminent divines of that State, who preaches us a sermon to-morrow. Lieutenant Gibson, of the Eleventh Arkansas Regi- ment, Volunteers, was murdered to-day by a sentinel, whom, I learn, did the shooting wilfully and maliciously. An order, that would have put a Caligula or Nero to the blush, had been published by the hypocritical and con- temptible Pierson, to the effect, that all prisoners should retire to their quarters at retreat, which was at sundown, the only period of the day, that it was possible to be comfortable, crowding us into a suffocating room, to the number of fifty in ours, three bunks high, and reaching to the ceiling, two in a bunk. One tin pan for us to wash out of; and the straw of our beds changed, not at all in our room. I don't know of other messes. Yet they say we are well treated. Lieutenant Gibson, as all of us. obeyed the orders of the petty despot ; yet this poor fel- low fell a victim, as some one must be shot, at intervals, to advertise the crew, (a majority of them) of that Hessian battalion (Hoffman's,) so they could play the feather-bed SCRAPS FKOM THE PEISON TABLE. 199 warriors, while the gallant soldiers of the United States were at the front. It may have been different at other pens, but I never knew an old soldier to maltreat a prisoner. Courage and humanity, are synonymous, and the coward is always cruel. Lieutenant Gibson had been spending the afternoon with a comrade, some twenty steps from his quarters, and on hearing the signal for retreat, hastily returned to his room, and had one foot on the threshold, when the assassin hailed him with the expletive, " You d— d rebel, go back to your quarters." " I'm going to them now ; these are my quarters," stopping for a moment to answer the sentinel, who had his gun leveled at him. "Go back to your quarters, I tell you, you d — d rebel." Lieutenant Gibson, whose body was inclined towards the sentinel, turned to step in, and without warning, was shot down ; the entire charge, a double one, entering his body. This act of cruelty and crime, places the miscreant, who has proved himself a willing tool, in the line of promotion. Since writing the above, we learn that the author of this damnable outrage, has been promoted to a sergeantcy. And they say, we are well treated. Heaven save the mark ! There are but few of my fellow prisoners who are not interested, when the sound of "big gate" attracts them to the doors and windows. It may admit ''fresh tish," an appellation given new comers, or the wood wagon ; possibly some angel in female form, that comes to ad- minister to the wants of the sick and dying. The sutler, milk and ice men all come through the big gate. We came through it, and we hope soon to go out through it's portals, as 'tis the living alone who shadow this gate; the dead are hauled out the side gate. The grass seems greener beyond the big gate than within, and wo would risk our blood upon its lintels, to once again taste the air of freedom that so invitingly bids us make the attempt without the prison walls. The mail with its letters and remittances from loved ones ; the newspapers with their many fictions, all come through this opening. And now, while writing this, the stentorian announcement is made "big gate," and we go with the rest to see what comes next 200 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. They stole not "my purse," nor "my child away," nor "o'er me gently," but with malice aforethought against the peace and dignity of our mess, they purloined my spirits, presented with other good things by that most estimable woman and humane dispenser of the charities <>f life, Mrs. II. I. Spotts of Kentucky, and added insult to injury, by Bending in the bottles filled with water. The prisoner can imagine the look of disappointment that clouded the brows of the mess, with whom I had proposed enjoying the et ceteras, on the discovery of the fraud. I appealed to Major Pierson, whose answer was laconic: "I can't help it, sir, the boys will steal whiskey, and besides, sir, it is contraband." "Well, major, if the article is contraband, confiscate it in a legitimate manner, but don't allow your rascally subs to practice their little tricks upon us." "Never mind, captain, I'll send you a bottle of whiskey to-morrow." The morrow came, and in came the bottle, and while preparing to open it, our gallant friend, Captain Hooper Harris, passed the window. "Come in, Harris, and join us," which was promptly responded to, as the susceptible Harris had sniffed the odor of the beverage as the war- horse the battle afar. Courtesy prompted offering the captain the first smile, which on raising to his lips pro- duced an exclamation of wrath : "Confound old Pierson B — -, he has sent you a bottle of the twelve stolen from me. Robbing Peter to pay Paul. Chorus — let's swallow the insult." And we did, but the palliative was not sufficient to make us forget the peccadillo of the cerulean individual, who threw cold water, by the bottle-full, on our hopes of a social re-union with spirits, not of the Fox-sisters. Personal difficulties among brother officers, are the ex- ception ; yet at times they will occur, and our custodians being aware of it, pay but little attention to the confusion incidental to a " set to," that after a few blows, is usually terminated by the interference of the friends of the par- ties. Last Sabbath morning, the startling announcement SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 201 was echoed through the pen, " man killed. " When ?" T and " who by?" was the general exclamation, as all rushed to the spot, where a large crowd had assembled, in front of the building where the gunboat-men quartered, one of the most rollicking messes in prison. It being a lovely morning, Hoffman's battalion, in their Sunday uniforms, prepared for inspection, were covering the roofs of all buildings outside the walls, with their " cerulean abdo- mens," anxious to see what was going on — yet in dread of a stray shot from an officer of the guard. One of their officers, more courageous than the rest, stepped up, and the familiar sound of "big gate" ushered him in. "What's the matter, boys?" " O, nothing ; but a man killed." " Who was he, and what was he killed for ?" said the nervous lieutenant. " O, dog-on him ; he was a traitor, going to take that oath, that old Pierson says some four hundred of us will take — so they told him. Even old Pierson himself had to whistle when he told that wkojyper ; and the boys are so disgusted with the traitor, they thought they would kill him ; 'that what's the matter.'" " Why, that's awful. This thing shall not go on. The entire power of our force shall be called in requisition, if necessary, to check such outrages." " O, let em rip, lieutenant. Don't you know, that traitors don't do any good ? Kill 'em lieutenant, kill 'em — that's the document." " You are savage, sir. I will examine into this matter at once,"' says the now really excited lieutenant, moving quietly towards the front. On reaching the margin of the crowd, he discovered traces of unfeigned vengeance on the lineaments of each Confederate, and asking, tremulously, " Where the body was ?" — was answered, in the house. At that moment, a mournful procession was seen issuing from the building : six officers bearing the body upon a board, that served as a mess table ; a slouched hat covered the face, and a blanket, marked U. S., gave it a national winding sheet. The horrified officer could stand it no longer ; but rush- 14 202 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ing into the circle, demanded the name of the murderer ; and placing his hand upon the board, with the air of " Richard," " Put down the corpse ;" upon which a loud cheer burst from a hundred throats, as the two sticks of wood, blanket, old hat, and plank fell, nearly rendering the lieutenant "notoerious." The lieutenant turned away chop-fallen, with the remark : " You boys will have your fun ;" and the gun-boat mess always did, and ever will, in prison or elsewhere. If there ever was a more devil-mi-care set of men in the world, than the mess, in which figured Tom Kirtland and Harry Hedden, they are found out of Johnson's island. The dinner hour, of this mess, is frantically an- nounced by each member rushing to an outlet, and with the aid of tin plates, in the absence of tom-toms and whang-doodles, proclaim, not like the Khan of Tartary, "1 am finished, the other kings of the earth can dine;" but like so many howling dervishes, yell out grub, and with a clamor that would do justice to an army of China- men, whose prowess is in their lungs and gongs, wind up with a deafening "tiger? then take their stand at the sumptuous repast. But with all their jocoseness of jocu- larity, there is not a more subordinate mess to prison rules in the pen, nor a mess where the social amenities of life are better comprehended, and in the instance we speak of, no harm was dreamed of, much less intended. It seems, one of the gentlemen had placed his best coat, (a black one,) against the window, to protect the occu- pants of the room from the rays and intense heat of a summer's sun. The coat was pendant about ten minutes, when crash came a stone against the window, another, and another, followed by a volley ; and amid the racket of the missiles, could be heard the voice of an irate Teu- ton ; " Mein Gott ! dat ish te plack flag ; down mit de repels, and tree cheers for te Onion." The uproar soon became of a character to excite apprehension, as the vali- ant Sanduskians knowing us to be unarmed, had made daily threats to mob us, and, I am confident, they would have done so, had they the courage. After finding, that the noisy crowd in their front had taken their coat SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 203 for a black flag, the mess hauled down their colors ; on which the firing ceased, with a wild huzza for " de stars ant stripes, dat bully old rag," as viewed through a glass for the tenth time of zwei lager. After this emeute on the part of the picnicians, black coats were at a discount on festal days. The impression of the mess is, that the attack was an exhibition of drunken spite, rather than loyalty ; and the black coat was used ;ts a pretext, by ruffians, to stone unarmed and defenseless prisoners, which, had they numbers and spunk, might possibly have terminated in murder. 204 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. CHAPTER VIII. NAVAL ENGAGEMENT AT MEMPHIS.-LIST OF OFFICERS AND BOATS. - COMMAND UNDER COMMODORE J. E. MONTGOMERY.—" LOG " OP THE GUN-BOAT "PRICE," BY L. F. DELISDEMIER — THE WOMEN' OP LOU- ISVILLE.— MRS. II. I. SPOTTS.— MRS. DAVID LOONEY.— ANDREW JOHN- SON.— CAPTAIN J. M. WINSTEAD.— CAMP CHAsE, OHIO.— AN INCI- DENT AT CAMP CnASE.— ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE AT CAMP CHASE.— OLD MEN AT CAMP CHASE.— CAMP CHASE— HOW SITUATED.— MRS. JUDGE CLARK, OF OHIO DR. CLIFF MRS. HARR 1 H. HEDDEN. OUR. gun-boat flotilla arrived at Memphis,* on the even- ing of the 5th of June, 18G2, to await the arrival of the Federal fleet, which came down about 9 o'clock of the same evening, and laid on " Paddy's Hen and Chickens," in sight of Memphis. On being informed of this, our com- modore sent up a small tug, in charge of Captain Bennett, as a picket. By some mismanagement, she got aground, on the foot of the island, and she could not be got off with her own power ; consequently the torch was applied, and she was left to her fate in flames. Nothing more of importance happened during the night, but the general understanding with all the fleet was, that we would not make a stand. After daylight, on the morning of the 6th, we could see by the movements of the enemy, that they were making preparations to come down, for the Heavens were one solid cloud of black smoke. In the meantime, we were not idle in making preparations to back out in the stream, which we did, one after another, until our whole fleet, eight in number, were drawn in line of battle. It was * The account of tbe naval fiyht at Memphis, is from the hands of the gal- lant Captain J. Henry Hart. SCRAPS FROM THE TRISON TABLE. 205 here we received the first intelligence, that we. were going to make a stand. The enemy was now in full view, coming down in line of battle. The following boats were sent up, to draw the Federal gun-boats off of the bar : General M. Jeff Thompson, Sumpter, General Beaure- gard, and Colonel Lovell, from the fact that they had sixty-four-pound guns mounted on their bows. The fire was opened by the Thompson, but not until she had fired three rounds, did the enemy make any reply. The fire on the Federal side was opened by the flag-ship Benton. The fight now became general. Brisk firing from both sides, was the order of the day. It was while the battle was raging with intense fury, between our rams and the Federal gun-boats, that their rams made their appearance ; first came the Queen of the West, which made a bee-line for the Colonel Lovell, which tried to back out of the way, but in so doing, got in such a posi- tion, as to show her opponent a broad-side, when she run into her, and sunk her immediately, in water her hurri- cane deck, in the channel of the river. Life-boats were immediately dispatched from the Little Rebel, to assist her crew in getting ashore. Before the Queen of the West could regain her position, the Confederate ram Sumpter struck her in midships, sending her ashore, during the balance of the engagement. Next came the Switzerland, bearing down on the Sumpter. The Beauregard next in turn singled out the Switzerland, for her antagonist. The Federal ram, seeing her intention, drew off from the Sumpter, and headed down on the Beauregard ; they struck head on, but glanced, placing the Switzerland hors du combat, knocking down her bridge-tree, when she had to go ashore, where she threw out her sharp-shooters as pickets. Next came the Federal ram Monarch, in chase of the Jeff Thompson, she at the same time rounding to, head up stream, followed by the Monarch ; here the (Ieneral Price was put under a heavy head of steam, to overtake the Monarch, w T hich she did, striking her a heavy blow in the starboard quarter, driving in her hull, and rounding her to, after which she stopped to back around and give her another blow; but, unfortunately, the Beauregard 206 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. had made a dash at the Monarch, and missed her object, and striking the Price on the port-side, completely dis- abling her. During this, with only one wheel left, she managed to get ashore, but too late for the crew to make their escape ; disabled as she was, the enemy kept up a constant fire into her ; for humanity's sake, the " stars and bars" were hauled down. It was about this time, the Beauregard got headed up again to meet another of her adversaries, when a shell was shot into her hull and burst, damaging her boilers and hull ; killed one engineer, and wounding three others, and scalding three firemen. She was unfit for duty, floated down the river about one- fourth of a mile, and sunk in twenty feet water, face to the enemy, and colors flying. It was about this time, the Little Rebel made a dash at one of the rams ; but before she could reach her, received a shot in her boilers, when she kept her course into the shore, where all but three made their escape. In the meantime, the Sumpter had been run ashore, and crew all escaped ; also the Thomp- son was run ashore, and burned to the water's edge. The General Bragg stood off and looked at the fight, likewise the General Earl Van Dorn ; neither offering any assist- ance. The Bragg, in attempting to round to, to make good her retreat, was run into by one of the Federal rams, which drove in her side. The crew of the Bragg nearly all made their escape in yawls and life-boats. The Van Dorn, handling much better than the Bragg, was fortu- nate in making good her escape. Thus ended one of the hottest naval engagements ever fought in the Mississippi. The following is a list of the principal officers, as far as we can ascertain : Earl Van Dorn. — Captain, Isaac Fulkerson ; Purser, Charles Reynolds ; First Officer, John W. Jordan ; Sec- ond Officer, John Mardis : Chief Engineer, Wm. Hurst ; First Assistant Engineer, John Swift, William Camon and William Molloy. General Sterling Price. — Captain, Thomas E. Hen- thorn ; Purser, L. F. Delisdemier; First Officer, N. J. Henthorn ; Second Officer, George L. Richardson ; Chief SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 207 Engineer, William Brauden ; First Assistant Engineers, William Grin, W. W. Hayden and Oscar Postal!. General Beauregard. — Captain J. Henry Hurt; Par- ser, J. C. Haynes ; First Officer, R. D. Court ; Second Officer, John Rawson ; Chief Engineer, Joseph Swift : First Assistant, Edward Connolly ; Pilot, J. Pope Altram. General Bragg. — Captain W. H. H. Leonard ; Purser, William Riply ; First and Second Officers, names un- known ; Chief Engineer, John Porter ; First Assistant Engineer, Henry Sisson ; Pilot, James Russel. Sum/pter. — Captain Wallace W. Lamb ; Purser, John Wilbanks ; First Officer, Lemuel Murray ; Second Offi- cer, name unknown ; Chief Engineer, Robert T. Patter- son ; First Assistant Engineer, John Ramsey ; Pilots, Thad Siederburg and Moses Gray. Little Rebel. — Captain J. White Fowler; Purser, Chas. Smedly ; First Officer, James Wall ; Second Officer, name unknown; Chief Engineer, Gus Mann; First As- sistant Engineer, William Reeder ; Pilots, Newton Pue and John Bernard. General M. Jeff Thom/pssn. — Captain, John Burk ; Purser, James Bissell ; First Officer, Louis Camfield ; Second Officer, Henry Moore ; Chief Engineer, Thomas Mitchell ; Pilots, Barney Arnold and Daniel Thomas. General Lovell. — Captain James C. Dellaney ; Purser, Hardy ; First Officer, Thomas Johnson ; Pilot, William Cable. Commodore of the fleet, J. E. Montgomery. The Federal fleet consisted of sixteen mortar-boats, six rams, and eight gun-boats, besides any number of tugs and transports." The cause of our disaster at Memphis, was from a series of incidentals to the campaign on the Mississippi. The original occupation of Columbus, was a stragetic stroke of policy. The advance of the gun-boats did not intimi- date, and we continued to hold Columbus. The advance of the enemy's land forces, on the opening of the Tennes- see river, by which Columbus would be outflanked, compelled the evacuation of that point. We fell back to Island Ten, to there check the gun-boats, while our land 208 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. forces, assisted by gun-boats, held in check General Pope's grand army, at New Madrid. The occupation of Point Pleasant, and its fortifications, by the enemy, by which transportation was cut off, and our gun-boats would be compelled to go below, involved the evacuation of New Madrid, which was a good movement in its conception, hut badly executed, in a slovenly manner, ill becoming the commander that directed it. But instead of falling back, we advanced into the enemy's lines, and we were all moved to Island Ten. This we continued to hold, although, outflanked by the enemy, on both flanks, and it was held until the battle of Shiloh, when we were sur- rendered. This gallant little band, after suffering many privations, had to yield to a military necessity, and were given up. The surrender of Island Ten compelled the Confederate forces to fall back to Fort Pillow, so as to keep up a corresponding line with their land forces, as all armies, when occupying positions, if a flank is thrown for- ward, hold theis position, until sustained by the other flank or the centre. This is a rule, advancing or retreating. When our army withdrew from Corinth into the Missis- sippi, our fleet should have retired to Vicksburg, and thus under its guns sustained the line of defense. The battle of Memphis ought not to have been fought, and when it was, it ought to have had the presence of the entire Con- federate fleet ; and as it was badly managed, defeat was a consequence, and the brave and gallant men, many who are in prison with us, and whose names I have given, suf- fered a defeat that there was no necessity for. The boats were manned by daring crews, commanded by hardy officers, as dashing men as we have in the Confederate service, and they had every element to insure victory, in an engagement with an enemy upon equal footing, and would have been willing to have fought them with one to two ; but they could not fight a fleet of (16) mortar-boats, (6) rams, and (8) gun-boats, and innumerable tugs and transports, opposed to some half dozen gun-boats and rams successfully. It was a terrific fight, and right gal- lantly did our heroes of the Mississippi sustain their reputation for chivalry ; for in spite of the great disparity SCRAPS PEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 209 and the fearful odds, they went in, death staring them in the face. Yet they were not conquered, for there were no dastards there, — and the brave fellows, who went down in the grand struggle, we can say in the applicable lines of the author of the eulogy on Lawrence : " If the Phaeten and horses of fire had been destined for their translation, they could hardly have departed in a brighter blaze of, glory." But they have been sacrificed to appease the wrath of the God of war, and to show the bad manage- ment of an affair so nobly and obstinately fought, yet for no purpose, unless to show the Federals, how the gallant South can fight, can suffer, die, for Liberty and Inde- pendence. I have formed the personal acquaintance of several of the officers of the fleet, who are as courteous and as soci- able as they are fearless ; and to I. Pope Oldham, one of the most popular officers in the valley, and to Cap- tain Hurt, a polished cavalier, I tender my thanks, for their information so kindly furnished. (LOG* OF THE "PEICE," FEOM NEW ORLEANS TO MEMPHIS.) March 25th, Tuesday, 1862.— Left New Orleans at 9 p. m., with the following officers: J. H. Townsend, cap- tain ; T. E. Henthorn, first officer ; L. F. Delisdemier, purser; George L. Richardson, second officer; William Braudeu, chief engineer ; J. H. Frobees, Assistant do. March. 2§th. — Laid up last night, on account of fog : 4eft Red river at 10 A. m. ; passed the General Bragg to-day. Saturday, 29th. — Arrived at Vicksburg, at 4 P. m., and found the Bragg had stopped here ; left at 5.30 p. m.: found no iron there. Weather pleasant. Monday, 31-s^. — Arrived at Eunice, at 8 P. M. In- formed the railroad agent, that we wanted some iron. He said, he had none. Our captain then told him, he * Written by L. F. Delisdemier, purser of the General Sterling Price. The Log of the Price and the engagement is published complimentary to the boat- men of the Mississippi, mauy of whom composed the officers and crew of the flotilla, whose gallantry on the 6th of June, 1862, is historic, proving that mteamboal men, as a class, are the most chivalric men iu the world. 210 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. would have to tear up his track, aud set the men at it, and soon had some three miles torn up and ready to carry on board. Thursday, April 3d. — Left Eunice yesterday afternoon, after getting on board all the iron that we wanted to finish the Price and Van Dorn. Arrived at Memphis at 3 p. m. ; found the Bragg had arrived yesterday after- noon. At 4 p. M. the Van Dorn came up. Captain Townsend, being senior captain, set all available men at work, to finish the boats as soon as possible. Friday, April 11th. — Weather rainy. Received order to leave for Fort Pillow. Got two pilots to-day, viz : W. W. Hayden and Oscar Postall. Left Memphis at 6.30 p. M. /Saturday, April 12. — Arrived at the fort, and reported to the General at 6.30 A. M., and then dropped down to coal. Orders were sent down, for us to escort the trans- port Lockland up the river on a foraging expedition. We started at 5 p. m. ; left orders for the Van Dorn to follow us. Those of Hollins' fleet went up ahead of us ; passed them at 11 p. m. at anchor near Island No. 25. As soon as we rounded the bend saw a United States transport, and gave her chase. She either heard us, or saw our smoke, and started up the river. We chased her about eight miles, when she met the Federal fleet, at the mouth of the Obion river. Sunday, 13th, 1 a. m. — -Sent a note to Captain Huger, flag officer on the McRea, notifying him of the presence of the enemy. At 5 a. m. received his answer, that he» would be along after daylight ; 8.30 the look-outs report the fleet coming up ; dropped out into the stream, and formed in line of battle, and stood up to meet the enemy ; and when within three miles of us, the United States gun- boat Benton opened on us ; her shot fell short. The Con- federate States gun-boat Maurepas replied to her from a nine-inch Dahlgreen, also falling short. The Federals now showed their whole fleet, consisting of eleven gun- boats and eight mortars. So Captain Huger, knowing it to be folly to contend with them, left us alone with them. We then rounded to, and waited until the enemy SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 211 came within two miles, and let them have the contents of our stern guns, and then we went after the balance of the fleet. The Yankees followed us, and kept up a run- ning firing, but without any damage. We arrived at the fort at 11.30, and reported the fleet coming down. The guns were immediately manned, and all waited for the appearance of the fleet. At half-past two they made their appearance, but only exchanged a few shots, rounded to, and went up the river about six miles. Monday, the 14th. — This morning the Federals opened fire on the fort, end every fifteen minutes they gave three shells. The bombardment was kept up till 9 p, m. A scouting party from our boat and the Van Dorn, under command of First Officer T. E. Henthorn, went out this morning on the Arkansas shore, and went within six hundred yards of the Federal fleet, and report them forming in line of battle and dropping down stream, stern foremost. 10 p. m. — No demonstration been made by the fleet as yet. April 15th, Tuesday. — First Officer T. E. Henthorn, with a paity of thirteen men and officers from the R. D. fleet, have gone out again this morning. The bombard- ment was renewed at an early hour this morning, and has been kept up at regular intervals of ten minutes. They have three mortar-boats in position, at the distance of three and a half miles, and lay-around a point opposite the fort. 10 p. M. — The firing ceased at 8 p. m. The scouting party have just returned ; report three men captured at Mr. Lamies', by Federal mounted infantry ; were chased by a party, but made their escape. Wednesday, 16th April. — Went down to Mr. Lamies, and moved him and family on board of steamer trans- port Charm, and sent them below, under convoy of the Bragg. A party ot fifty " Feds" came down last night, to capture one of our boats, but not finding us, they returned at daylight. This morning, a party of United States soldiers appearing in sight, gave them a few rounds of grape. Scouts report fifteen men killed and wounded ; 2 1 2 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. burnt ninety bales unginned cotton, and thirty bales of cotton. April 11th. — Went down and moved Mr. Morgan to a place of safety. ******* May 8th (Thursday).— The bombardment has been kept up day by day, but no damage done ; loss two killed. This morning, the Sumpter, Bragg and Van Dorn were ordered to go up and cut out the mortar floats. Arrived at the fleld where they had been posted, but found they had been moved up to the fleet. The Sumpter remained there until 9 A. m. ; the Federals firing a few shot at her, but did not come down. She returned at 10 a. m. The mortars were then brought down, and commenced a furi- ous bombardment, throwing over two hundred and fifty shells, but most of them fell short. /Saturday, May the 10th. — Agreeably to the decision of the council of war, held yesterday, the fleet left their moorings at 7 A. m., and the several positions in line of battle, as follows : The Bragg, Sumpter, Sterling Price, Van Dorn, Jeff Thompson, General Lovell, Beauregard, and Little Rebel. On rounding the point, the Federal fleet was plainly visible in "Bulletin Bar," with the ex- ception of the Cincinnati, who had come down as a pro- tection to the mortar, but made (as soon as we appeared) for the balance of the fleet. According to orders, the Bragg immediately gave her chase, and soon overtook her, striking her a violent blow on the larboard bow, dis- mounting one of her forward guns and slewing her round. The Cincinnati fired a broad-side into the Bragg, one shot going through her, killing a cook. The Price next in turn started for her, and at the same time delivering an effective at the mortar, silencing it. The Cincinnati kept a running fire, as the Price kept away from her, soon overtaking her, and struck her oft a little starboard of midship, carrying away her rudder and stern post dis- abling ; the Sumpter came up soon after, and also struck her, and she then drifted on the bar and sunk. The Van Dorn in the meantime had come up. Those of the Fed- eral fleet came down to the assistance of the Cincinnati, SCKAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 213 and surrounded the Van Dorn, who made a sudden dash at the Mount City, striking her a midships, driving in her hull about six feet, causing her to leak badly ; but as the Federal gun-boats are all built in water-tight com- partments, it was some time before she sank ; she was able to make the bank. The United States gun-boat Pittsburg was disabled, by getting between the fires of the two fleets. The firing between both fleets was rapid and heavy, and our boats were struck several times, doing some damage to the cabins, but only one was damaged in the hull, and that was the General Price, who received a shell (128 pounds) between wind and water, cutting off the supply pipes and causing her to leak. As the " Feds " had drawn off in to shoal water, where w T e could not reach them. Commodore J. E. Montgomery signaled the fleet to retire, which was done in good order, all dropping down stream, below the guns of the fort. The total loss was two killed ; but several firemen were wounded with splinters, and one man had his arm broken. The only damage was the upper works of the Van Dorn and Price, with the exception damage done the Price reported. As soon as we arrived at Fulton, commenced to repair damages. Sunday, Wtlt. — All damages on our boats repaired, and all ready for another engagement with the enemy. At 4 p. M. scouts came in from Osceola, report the loss of the enemy to be three boats sunk, and several killed and wounded. The enemy are hard at work raising their boats. The Little Rebel went up on a reconnoissance to-day. On her appearance, the Yankees took their mor- tar floats and started up the river. ******* Tuesday, June 3d. — The bombardment has been kept up, but no damage done to the fort. Second Officer John C. Rawson, and a party of seven men, went after ice, and were captured. At 3.30 p. m., two gun-boats and three rams, came down to cut out the Jeff Thompson, but the fort opened on them, and they retired. The Con- federate States' fleet then went up to the fort, and were 214 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. actively employed in taking on shot and shell, and commissary stores, as the fort is to be evacuated. Wednesday, June 4th, 1862. — The fort being completely demolished, the fleet started down the river. At Randolph, the Van Dorn, got aground, and had to send men in the woods to cut spars and spar her off. June hth. — Arrived at Memphis, at 1 p. m. 9 p. m. all were aroused by the report of a cannon, and a rush was made to find out the cause, and found the General Lovell out in the stream, dropping down. Passing us, Captain Delancy reported the fleet in the bend above, coming down. All then dropped out in the stream, in line of battle, but the "Feds" not making their appear- ance, returned to our anchorage. The tug Gordan Grant, was sent up as a picket boat, but grounded, and had to be burnt. " Ob, woman, all must own thy magic power ! The sternest sages at thy altar kneel ; And, from the natal to the final hour, Before thy beauty bend, and deeply feel The essence from on high. Though skies may lower, And earth and heaven conspire against his weal — Alike unchanged by happiness or grief, Man ever from thy soothing finds relief." Mrs. H. I. Spotts, is a true friend of the South ; is the wife of Captain Harry Spotts, well known to the deni- zens of the Mississippi Valley. She was a Miss Jane "Jennie" Tnnstall, of an old Kentucky family, of sprightly intellect, and of extraordinary beauty, being the belle of Mississippi, where the author had the pleasure of meeting her, in the days of Auld Lang Syne. Mrs. Spotts is a charming lady, and by her sympathies, and substantial assn ranees, has given ample evidence of her appreciation of the virtue that exists in the Southern struggle for independence, and we rank her in the list of the true women of the second Revolution. Mrs. David Looney,* is an estimable lady, is a daughter of the late .lames lloland, formerly of Kentucky, late of * Now (1868) residing in New York. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 215 Memphis, Tennessee, and the wife of Colonel David Looney, of Louisville. She has given a great many evi- dences of her sympathy with the South, is a thorough lady, and in every w T ay fitted to take her place and have her name enrolled upon the tablets of history, as one whose name is worthy to he recorded, as one of the women of the second Revolution. The ladies of Ken- tucky, in spite of the distraction of their State, have stood firm, and by their example, have incited their fathers, husbands, brothers, friends and lovers, to deeds of valor, and stimulated them to enter the field, in the defense of the down-trodden South. Yes, all honor to the fair women of Kentucky. They have stood by us in all our distress, and are justly entitled to our grateful acknowledgments for their resolution and faith. We take much of our in- spiration from fair woman, she who is an incentive to gal- lant deeds, (her smiles and her approvals,) then let us honor her, and be true to ourselves, and all will be well. Several of our prisoners have appealed to the military governor of Tennessee, for a release from durance, promising not to take up arms again during the war. It has been done under excitement, and in a week, they will regret it, (which they have,) and as they are heartily ashamed of it, we withold their names. However, the military governor of the volunteer State will not pay any attention to their application, as he is relentless in his determinations. Since hearing of Andrew Johnson's* appointment as military governor, our Tennessee prisoners -have been rather nervous, it being rumored he would demand us from the United States' authorities, and transfer us to the Nashville penitentiary, and there attend to us at his leisure. As for myself, his elevation has given me an attack of dyspepsia; added to the homaepatbic treatment of the prison, yet in a few days, I hope to regain my wonted vigor, as I am now in the middle of my book, and it's *The bold stand taken by Andrew Johnson, in defence of the Constitution, in 1868, lias placed him in the highest niche of the Southern heart, and what evil he afflicted us wilh in 1862, is erased from the tablet of memory, leaving stamped upon our minds Andrew Johnson, the greatest living statesman, the unflinching patriot, and the model President. 216 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. necessary to keep a clear head, as the modern reader must have fresh "scraps." Then again, lam on the margin of a large body of water, where there are many shoals and quicksands. I must be careful of my literary boat, as all small boats should keep near the shore. Men, too often get beyond their depth, and in attempting to sail in fathomless seas, are overwhelmed and wrecked. One aspires to the legal profession, whose proper employment should be "mauling rails;" another has, by a few years of speculation, accumulated some thousands, and now burns to become a candidate for popular suffrage, is defeated in his aspirations, becomes a political loafer, spends his money for whiskey, and is lost in the whirlpool, filled with political pot-house heroes, he is out of money, won't work, has lost his influence, and has become an object of loathing to his once warm political friends, who could use his money for bands and banners and such like, but now being useless, is kicked out of the circle, and goes down while the sharp ones go up. Another man comes down the river on a flat boat, (like old Cobb, ol Jackson county, Alabama, with a load of salt. Many years ago, when "sali was salt,'''' it was nou re/// >/table, nobody could buy it. Old Cobb, with that strong generosity which he has so frequently exhibited since in his sixteen years in Congress, told the people to take his salt at cost, they were made happy, and Cobb went to Congress, thus virtually salting the district down. It is said of him, (when aceused of having voted on both sides of a question, by an opponent, who had the temerity to oppose him,) that he " acknowledged the corn," but retaliated by charging his oppom t with " always voting wrong, while by his principles, he was sure to be right in one instance or the other.") But in this instance, ties up, at the wharf of a Missis- sippi river town, sell his onions, apples, and whiskey, at handsome profits, and after a term of years, is successful beyond his most sanguine expectations ; he is uneducated, and of coarse manner, but honest and happy. He be- comes ashamed of his boat, and rents a store on the batture, at last gets upon the hill, becomes a commercial SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 217 fixture of the city, takes stock in everything, dabbles in cotton, and rinds himself in the centre of a social circle, which is a cold bath to him, and he is unequal from a want of education to the requirements of that society ; sighs for the poor, yet happy past, and yearns for that circle, that frolicked on the deck of the old •' Broadhorn," "Ohio Belle," or "Western Queen;" he becomes mor- bid, and an habitual drinker., and winds up too often broken in spirits and purse, having quietly killed himsek drinking "old rye" in his private parlor, or out of the barrel in his back office, which is the rendezvous of bank and insurance officers, who receive his deposits and take his premiums, laugh at his coarse jokes, and drink his liquor. The poor fellow is out of his depth, and is lost amidst the breakers of a society that he has not been fitted, by nature to enjoy. Another man curses the West Point graduate, and insists that to the people should be left the choice of their leaders. This popular doctrine of universal suffrage, is readily accepted by the masses, in military as well as civil life, and the man formerly a shop-keeper, is made a colonel, the result being, in many cases, his regiment is cut to pieces. This is no slur upon the volunteer system of our country, as I accord to our volunteer officers, (hundreds of whom are gallant and meritorious,) their full meed of praise. But am firm in my belief that education is as necessary in this departmen as in other schools, and that the obliqne attack of Frederick of Prussia, that of seperate columns, by Napoleon, and the arrangement of Xeno- phon't= *etreat, are as much subjects of study, with Scott and Hardee's tactics, as is Bacon and Locke to the philosopher, Shakespeare to the actor, Blackstone to tho law student, Scott or Henry's exposition to the young theologian. If men, in all the relations of life, would but realize that "discretion is the better part of valor, " and that the hot- spur is sure to be circumvented by the oily gammon, that to go to sea, like the wise men of Gotham, in a bowl, is not as secure as a staunch vessel, they would be saved much vexation, and find out that opposition to the true 15 218 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. laws of society, is as Quixotic as dangerous, and a being who throws what little brains he may have, into the public chaldron, without discretion, or studied purpose, as to their innate properties, is like the man " carrying coals to New Castle," or the "Dutch taking Holland," proper illustrations of the above truths.) They are little boats, and like my "scraps," should keep out of deep water, for ho matter how much temporary success they may meet with, in- taking ' ' the flood that leads on to fortune," they will ultimately be swamped, for once a traitor* to their own people, they will ever be traitors to any cause they may espouse. Among the hundreds of officers captured at Fort Donaldson, Captain Winstead is one of the most marked ; tall, with much distingue, classical features, elegant man- ners, with a vast amount of bonhomme. Winstead is acceptable to the men, and agreeable to the ladies. I became acquainted with Captain Winstead, at camp Chase, in prison number 3, mess 46, composed of a splendid set of fellows, or " chaps," as Moody politely calls Confederate officers. The mess gave me a grand dinner on my arrival, Captain Winstead presiding. The cards of invitation were playing cards, with the names of the guests on the backs, and were distributed through the agency of a tin plate, as a waiter, in the hands of George Diggons. The writer will wager a bottle of " cliquot," that there are not a dozen young men in the " City of Rocks," (Nashville, Tennessee,) but who know " George," one of the most rollicking, generous, dashing, fighting, good fellows, in or out of a military prison. He is as gleeful as a lark, but get his " dutch up," and he is for a strike " from the shoulder," or " ten steps with a musket." Diggons was assisted in his efforts to get up a dinner in style, by Lieutenants Harlow and Morton. Harlow is a pleasant gentleman, of an amiable disposition, with a warm temperament, yet pre-disposed to take the world and all things, easy, believing (like the predestinarians,) * The mass of traitors to the South in Tennessee, Stokes, Mayuard and others. SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 219 that what is to be, will be, even should it never come to pass. The great interest I took in mess' 46, was owing to a dream I had months previous to my capture ; and on my honor, as a faithful chronicler of human odds and ends, what I relate, are facts. In September, 1861, in camp of instruction, at Germantown, Tennessee, whose leading citizen, Judge Petitt, that honest man and able jurist, and Mrs. Cornelius, that most estimable woman, and their attentions, I will never forget, I dreamed one night, and related it to my mess next morning, composed of Lieutenant U. J. Brooks, of Georgia, a man of courage and decision of character ; Captain A. S. Levy, and Colonel W. T. Avery, (I give these gentlemen as proof of my statements, in this particular,) that I was taken prisoner and carried to the North. On entering the prison yard, I saw many faces I had seen in the Con- federate lines, and thought it strange they should be there, and not prisoners. I inquired of them the reason of this, they replied, " they were recognized as good Southern men in the South, but were true to the old flag, and their services were then engaged by the United States govern- ment, to communicate useful information concerning the movements of the rebels," while at the same time, the Confederates were giving them the heaviest contracts in their gifts. I remarked, " it was very strange." Yes, but you know "a prophet is hardly without honor, save in his own country and his own house," and a man from the North, stands a better chance to obtain employment in the South, than he " to the manor born." In the South, your churches, in a majority of cases, are controlled by Yankee elders and deacons ; your bank stocks, to a great degree, are owned in the North, thus controlling your bank officers ; two-thirds of your insurance companies are under the same control ; the great mass of your railroad employes are of Northern extraction, and with this Northern influence entering into every crevice of the many ramifi- cations of your social, financial, religious, and other circles, how can you expect to succeed in your present struggle for political independence. " We know and understand these truths, and while we 220 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. are trying to make all the money we can Qut of the South, we are still faithful in our allegiance to that old flag. " I moved on, and was taken into a room, filled with bunk?. Feeling sleepy, I asked which was my bunk, and getting into it, woke up." I never realized this dream until April, 1862, seven months afterwards, (when I met several of these traitors, who had been " running with the hare, and pulling with the hounds." One of them I saw on a Federal gun-boat. General McCown had employed him at Island Ten, to watch the movements of the enemy, giving him a thousand dollars for the service. He accepted the money, and gave the Federals his information in regard to our condition,) when on entering prison number 3, mess 42, camp Chase, I was requested by Captain Frank McLean, to make myself at home. Bed-time approaching, I surveyed my apartment, and asked the courteous captain, which is my bunk f Like a shock, it flashed over me that I had seen the same bunk in my dream, and I got into it a strong believer in dreams. The members of mess 42, were Captain Frank McLean, a gentleman of much polish and solidity of character- — he is of the cavalry, and a brave soldier; Lieutentant Porter is a modest, intelligent gentleman ; Captain Bob Moore is a hearty, out-spoken, generous soldier ; Dr. Dixon is an able physician, thorough gentleman, of gentle mien, yet with sufficient vigor to make his mark in the scientific world ; Captain Joe Walker is from Columbia, Tennessee, is a good liver, a genial companion, and although with some mauvaisho?ite, has quite a pleasant address ; Lieutenant Joe Irvine is an agreeable, obliging gentleman. These gentlemen formed a pleasant society, and although comparative strangers, we lived like brothers, while tabernacling in mess 42, prison number 3, camp Chase, Ohio. To say that Moody, that fanatic had charge of the pen, is enough to convince all who know him, how "well we were treated." We were searched on our entrance, from hat to boots, as if we had secreted stolen goods. Eighteen of us confined in a room about fourteen by eighteen feet and our cooking and washing to be done in the same SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 221 room, and by dove-tailing, eighteen of us wedged into six bunks. In our prison, number 3, containing nearly a thousand prisoners, we had two sinks, about ten steps from the cabin ; they were uncovered, about ten feet in length, five in width, with a pole on each side, two inches in diameter. The depths of the sinks, I am happy to say, I was not so unfortunate as to fathom, which some poor devils did. The cisterns were below the cabins, in the centre of the muddy street, and below the grade of the sinks, consequently, upon the principle that all tluids will find their level. The water of prison number 3, was not as good as MaraKs wells. In the second cabin from ours, there were several cases of small-pox, and I am constrained to say, remained long enough, (in spite of our appeals to our custodians to remove them to the hospital,) to spread infection, had not an order of the government removed us to Johnson's Island, where we had better scenery, with rations of an umbelliferous nature, (food, physic and poison,) in Pierson's blue beef and sour bread. One day, Moody exhibited his carcass upon the walls of our pen, and with stentorian voice, yelled " men," to which we responded by going to the doors of our cabins, when lo ! " another Richmond" appeared upon the field, in the shape of Brownlow, the irrepressible ; he, who while he was willing " to fight rebels until Hell froze over, and then fight them on the ice," yet never drew a sword or shouldered a musket, but made collections of sympathies and substantials, all over the North, and played his financial cards, all trumps, the Federals paying him as the British did Arnold, while they despised him for his ingratitude. The prisoners, who were present that day, will remem- ber his looks, cadaverous and sinister ; his hat pulled fairly down over his eyes, he looked, in the presence of those gallant Tennesseans, the abject creature that he has proven himself to be. He made a speech, and we gave him a patient hearing, on finishing which he stepped one side, to make way for Moody, another light and " specimen brick" of the church militant, which has lost so much caste during the war by its patronage of such " wolves in 222 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. sheep's clothing," as this patent preacher. " Men," says the immaculate, " do you want to hear preaching next Sabbath, there is a powerful good preacher from Columbus, who will preach to you, next Sabbath, if you are willing ?" (Old Brownlow still looked on, grand, gloomy, and peculiar, with knowing thoughts, and villainous expression.) " Come, what do you say, men ?" are you willing ?" ex- claimed this clerical charlatan. A general response, ' ' aye, aye," with one negative from an unconverted sinner in a distant cabin, whose ideas were on a ring he was making, who exclaimed, " no." I immediately jumped upon a stick of wood, and remarked, Colonel Moody, excuse that gentleman, he thought the invitation to preach was to Brownlow. The saint wilted, Moody's face grew blacker, the prisoners cheered, and I had invitations to dinner for a week. One of the handsomest men in prison, attempted his escape, but failed. He shaved off a magnificent beard, and trimmed a head of luxuriant, ambrosial locks, and in citizen's clothes smuggled in, with a colporteur's pass, purchased, started for the gate with a basket of tracts on his arm, the remainder of the numbers supposed to have been distributed to impenitent rebels. Had he moved five minutes sooner or later, he would have been under the broad canopy of Heaven, without the walls, but as General Prim has it, " inflexible destiny is stronger than the will of man," and old Moody happened to pass the gate as the guard ushered the pretended colporteur out "Good morning, my christian friend." "Good morning, Colonel Moody." "Have you a pass ?" "Oh, yes." " Let me see your pass. I'm in hopes you will convert these rebs. Your name is — " "It's in the pass, colonel." " I asked you your name, sir." "Well, colonel, I told you it was in the pass." "Well, sir, what is it V" This was too much for reb, and his patience giving way, the rebellious spirit broke out. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 223 "D — n you, can't you read?" " Hallo, guards, gobble this reb," which was done, and we dubbed the gallant fellow, " Moody," ever since. Moral. It is bad enough to forget your own name, but unpardonable in prison, to forget an assumed one. Our friend lost his whiskers and hair, and as a quid pro quo, received a punch and reprimand. It might have been worse. There are in camp Chase, several old men, with hoary locks and tottering steps, (civilians,) who were dragged from their beds, at the dead hour of night, without trial or legal form of arrest, but the " get up, d — n you, we will give you rebels h — 1 ;" and here they are, barely able to keep soul and body together, a sad commentary on the policy of " the best government the world ever saw," while under the control of Yankee Abolition fanatics. It was a piteous spectacle to see these infirm citizens making their way through the mud, which submerges camp Chase, when it rains, to obtain a cup of water from a cistern, foul with the influence of the sinks above them, and all this among a so-called free people. There stands a man on the wall, whom a recruiting sergeant enlisted one month ago, as his foot pressed the shore of America for the first time. He can barely understand the word of command, yet at a signal from the wretch Moody, would murder citizens whose fathers fought for the independence of these sovereign States. The world has never seen so horrible a moral picture as this. There stands the miscreant Brownlow, worse than Arnold. The latter was a traitor from necessity, the former from choice, with his hat over his eyes, gloating over the misfortunes of his fellow-creatures, and as we take our departure from camp Chase, we can but offer a prayer that the poor old men may yet live to see these miscreants meet the fate of Judas. Men seventy and eighty years of age, dragged from their homes in Virginia, and incarcerated in a filthy prison, for what? No charge, no form of law, but to gratify the malevolent hate of that spirit that would mur- der, rape and rob, in the name of the Federal Union. 224 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Oh,' for a Jupiter, to knock such fellows into Hell, as he did of yore. Camp Chase is situated in a flat, four miles from Columbus, Ohio, with a high board fence around the cabins, which are one story high. There is an elevated plank -walk within the yard, to keep us from floundering in the mud, while making the circuit of the prison. It is one of the filthiest prisons of the many pens assigned for the confinement of Confederate prisoners. The sutler has his supplies without the fence, and is approached by a "pigeon hole," in which you insert your hand, drop the money if any is in it," and you obtain the purchase through the same channel. " A little hole in the wall," is at the entrance, where prisoners are searched, and if you have anything valuable, you are sure to lose it. One individual, on searching the writer, attempted to take a small empty flask, when another "fine young thief, of one and twenty," with more of the milk of human kindness, said oh ! let him keep it. Falstaff would have gone into ecstacies, could he have recruited from the " fine young thieves of one and twenty," who examined prisoners, in 1862, or part of that year, at prison number three, camp Chase, Ohio. There can be nothing said that can add to the character of Mrs. Clark, who is a true Southern woman of soul and heart, with an energy that carries our minds back to the women of the first Revolution. She has worked and traversed the four sections of the country, to assist in alleviating the sufferings of prisoners, that the fortunes of war have thrown into the hands of the Federals. She has played the part of mother and sister to the heart-sick soldier, whose face brightens at her coming, confident she brings good tidings. She has never tired, but has struggled and toiled for privileges for the sick and suffering prisoner, and her importunities have rarely been refused. With a powerful family influence, she has been able to do much in substantials, shown in the many little comforts and delicacies that daily find their way to the prisoner, reviving and invigorating him. Mrs. Clark's cheerful face and sympathizing heart is known to thousands of imprisoned SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 225 soldiers of the Confederate States, who now fill the many prison-pens of the North. This estimable lady is from Virginia, sister of P. W. Moon, Esq., of Memphis, Tennessee, and wife of Judge Clark, of Ohio. She is no fanatic, but is to this continent what Florence Nightingale is to the Old World. God bless her, may her children and her children's children never suffer, and " as the sins of the fathers are visited upon the children, even unto the third and fourth generation," so may the virtues of the mother be visited in drops of mercy, upon her children even to the third and fourth generation. Dr. Cliff, of Williamson county, Tennessee, late surgeon of Colonel Battel's regiment, the Twentieth Tennessee, who was taken prisoner at Mill Springs, has taken the oath, visits us to-day, and advises all to go and do likewise, but none of us will take it, as we cannot consistently, after the oath we have taken to the South as Confederate officers. We respect Dr. Cliff as a gentleman, but as to the necessity for our taking the nauseous palliative for our supposed offence, if any exists, " we can't see it." Among the many Southern women who have endnred privations to accomplish the darling object of their heart, the independence of the South, and to commune with loved ones in camp and prison, none can be more highly spoken of than that estimable woman Mrs. Harry Hedden. Fragile as a flower, yet with nerves that duty has strung up to a steel hardness, she ran the gauntlet of offensive subordinates, (who are always pushed forward when the duty is unpleasant,) risked life, health and comfort, to visit her gallant husband, Captain Hedden, as splendid a fellow, and chivalric an officer, as tabernacles in our prison home. On arriving, she requested permission to see her husband, but was sternly refused. She plead, her hundreds of miles of travel, her anxieiy, but her pleadings were all in vain. Pierson denied the privilege, as the souless wretch is not alive to any emotion of sympathy for the. sick, weary or distressed. However, in a lucky moment, the Captain was taken quite ill, and our generous Post Surgeon Woodbridge, swore he was going to die, thus forcing Pierson to admit the wife. Harry got 226 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. well, was soon after exchanged, and his courageous and lovely wife accompanied him to Dixie. I don't think the captain would have died, but it was a ruse, dictated by love, " which laughs at bolts and bars," and hence was successful. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 227 CHAPTER IX. NEW ACQUAINTANCES.— CAPTAIN LOW.— LIEUTENANT BOWERS.— CAP- TAIN O'NEAL.— FAITH AND DESTINY.— THE RAFTSMEN OF JOHN- SON'S ISLAND.— THEIR INVENTIVE GENIUS, AND ACCEPTANCE OF EXPEDIENTS.— CAPTAIN HAYDON, OF TENNESSEE.— FOURTH OF JULY IN PRISON.— GENERAL FAIR, MINISTER TO BELGIUM.— MRS. FAIR— MISS ROSE WYATT.— MRS. BASS, OF LOUISIANA.— J. HUNT STROTHER, OF MISSOURI.— MISCONCEPTION OF CHARACTER.— COL- ONEL JABEZ SMITH, OF ARKANSAS.— COLONEL CLARK, SIXTH TEN- NESSEE—CAPTAIN BLAKE, OF KENTUCKY.— A CHALLENGE HAS FASSED IN PRISON.— A QUIET MAN ON THE CODE DUELLO— LIEU- TENANT D'AUBIGNE.— MRS. COLONEL BRYAN.— ICE-CREAM SALOON. —A SQUAD OF PAROLED PRISONERS.— THE FOUR TRAITORS WHO TOOK THE OATH. IN forming new acquaintances, one must remember that first impressions are lasting ; that each word, each expression, has its weight, and although lost sight of for the moment, leaves an indellible stamp upon the memories of both. I alwaj^s refuse an introduction to new acquaintances, unless my mental and physical are in happy unison to produce felicitous effects. This is why nature assumes the tidy or dashy in the fair sex, or the exquisite and ponderous, or the elegant substantials in the males, in their entre into each othei's society, creat- ing favorable impressions, which are so lasting, that future years' slatteringly and slovenly manner and dress fails to eradicate, although it may more or less pall. You must either storm your new acquaintances, by an over- whelming dash of conversational powers, or solemnly measure your words, as if announcing profound ideas, often obscure to yourself, or you must by a certain degree of manvais honte, be an eager listener to the supposed 228 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. intellectual pearls, that are dropping from the mouths of your new acquaintances. I dropped into a new set to- day. I found Captain Low, a modest, intelligent gentle- man, full of nerve and resolution. I like him as a new acquaintance very much. Lieutenant Bowers is a man of much thought, and for his age (twenty-six) developes the facial corduroy of thir- ty-five. He is a gentleman, and,_I am confident, a good officer. Captain O'Neal, of the Thirty-second Tennessee Regi- ment, I am much attached to. He is one of your whole souled fresh men, ever ready to do a generous deed, and whose every pulsation and innate promptings are of dis- interested politeness and friendship, a genial companion, intelligent officer and good man, full of confidence in his kind. 'Tis a blessed boon to have such a nature, and Captain O'Neal is a happy man. General Prim, of the Spanish forces, writing from Orizaba, Mexico: " Inflexible destiny* is stronger than the will of man." I remember once, as I was wandering over the memo- rable field of Waterloo, to be impressed with how much of human happiness and human success depend upon faith, and how impossible it is to anticipate a Heavenly future without it. The ancient philosophers, either Bias or Pe- rander, I forget which, said, 'twas hope that was the strongest thing in nature, because it lasted beyond the grave. But I differ ; for what is stronger than faith ? and what has more buds of promise to the hopeful? I think, they are indissolubly connected, but if there is dis- tinction, I thmk the inclination is to faith. The farm of Hougmont, the celebrated farm house, occupied as a stragetic point by Wellington, on the field of Waterloo, has two large gardens, separated by a brick wall, the entire grounds being surrounded by a wall of the same material. The buildings were also brick, as well as a chapel, as in Europe, (i. e.) upon the continent, the sur- * Reflections upon the death of that great chieftain, Albert Sidney Johnson, who seemed fated to be cut off before his time. 'Twas his destiny. SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 229 rounding tenantry have no village church, but attend at the chapel of the estate. This farm was taken and retaken, by the contending hosts, three times. During those tierce encounters the buildings caught fire, and were only extinguished upon reaching the feet of an image of our Savior, which in all Catholic countries is always behind the altar of every chapel. (I saw the image, and with the exception of a little char on its feet, it was not disfigured.) Was this faith, or was it not ? These Catholics,- in spite of the hew and cry of Know- Nothingism,* the accusation of dissenters, and the male- volence of many rival sects, have much of the spirit of faith. Their physical peccadilloes do not seem to disturb the channel of their devotion to the church, her glories and her virtues. There may be some discrepencies — there are some in my own church — but I have traveled in Catholic countries, and in all of them I have not seen any more display of the dangers of confessionals, than I have in the private parlors of Protestantism ; I have seen no more licentiousness in Catholic courts than in the lob- bies of Washington, and seductions and murders are of more frequent occurrence among the Lazzaroni of Italy, than the roughs of the oyster-cellars of the Points ; and to-day the only conservative element in the country is Catholic. It was something saved this image. The death-dealing missiles were hurling destruction upon all who attempted to quench the flames, and the chapel was left to be destroyed. The flames raged until they reached the feet of the image of our Savior, and then, "I say," not " they say," it stopped, and the image stands to-day, as it stood then, untouched. The chapel is visited by all the curious of all nations, and as the field of Waterloo is the Mecca of English travelers, the crowd is numbered by thousands, that pay their annual pilgrimages of wor- ship at the shrine of the allied successes upon this field of blood. Of course, as each man is anxious to carve his name upon some tablet, that may bequeath him by his initials to an admiring posterity, I was anxious to impress * A Yankee trick to divide the Southern Democracy. 230 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. upon the same, when I was there, at least, how I spelt my name, and was making an effort to place my letters upon the wall, that was literally covered with a thousand, when a gentleman suggested, that his guide had informed him that the wall was whitewashed every spring, to make room for new names. One visitor, who was up to Water- loo tricks, for fear of this process, stole a brick, by picking it out, that Byron wrote his name on. So I declined, and left the Held, after purchasing some Waterloo canes, from the forest of Soignee. The relics of bullets and eagles are all manufactured, and I took no interest in them. Predestination is a belief, this is not a concio ad clerum, but to prisoners, and is not to force my belief, which is strong in foreordination, I look upon destiny as a concomi- tant of aith, and as in the latter, the inspiration incites, so incitation moulds the subject into such shape as destiny will accept, and the man of faith becomes the child of destiny (paradoxically speaking). Napoleon remarked to the soldier at his side, who dodged from a passing ball, " Mind it not, if it was intended to kill you, it would do it, if you were two hundred yards under ground." The great Emperor was a great believer in destiny, and had perfect faith in his star. The Sun of Austerlitz, in all his glory, was an omen to him of a glorious success, and a harbinger of victory. Richelieu had faith ; so had Wolsey. The former's enthusiastic reply to his bearer of dispatches, when questioning his own success, said, " What if I should fail ?" " Fail," said the brilliant cardinal, " In the bright lexicon of youth, that faith reserves for a glorious man- hood, there is no such word as fail." This was faith. "I go from a corruptible to an incorruptible crown," said the heart-crushed Louis. Here was a faith, that looked beyond the present sphere, and hoped for a realm where Revolutions cease to corrupt, and where the thirst for blood, that men's hands were reeking with, would be as- suaged, and where Yankee Abolitionists are not known, not even living in Boston, can save them, even under the shadow of their deities, that dirty dog and fanatic, Wen- dell Phillips, the Negro thief, and slanderer of Southern SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 231 people, and that old humbug, that keeps the Boston mu- seum.* Charlotte Corday was a child of destiny, when she stabbed the heartless Marat. What but belief in their destiny stimulated the Girondits, and made the "mountain"! feast, the day previous to their execution? Washington bore to the savages a charmed life, as they often said they had him in point blank range to their un- erring rifles a hundred times. It was destiny, and Wash- ington had faith in it. Faith as a commander, stimulates armies to deeds of valor. The cry of a Richard, the flash ' of the steel of a Saladdin, were as inspiring as the bold charge of Boabdil el Chico, and the resistless dash of the gay cavaliers of Spain, under the walls of Granada, to their inspired and enthusiastic followers. Mahomet, although accused of charlatanism, had much faith. His calling the mountain to him, was an evidence, and he dis- played his good sense, when finding that the mountain would not come to Mahomet, he said, " Mahomet would go to the mountain." In all ages, and among all men, sects and societies, faith has been the motive power, that has given propulsion to the wheels of the energetic world. It is the incentive to study, and action develops each resource of the finite being, and when united to belief in destiny, prepares us to accept the fiat of that Great Being, who arranges the application of both principle to the true believer. " Loud roared the dreadful thunders, The rain a deluge showers, The clouds were reut assunder, By lightning's vivid power." And so raged Sandusky bay, on the night of May the 30th, 1862. The lines above, alluded to the famous bay of Biscay, off the Spanish coast, but they apply with equal force to Sandusky bay, when considering the dif- ference between a full -rigged Queen of the Sea of some * Kimball, whose entertainments are as flat, as his character is negative. t Let the Southern people do the same, bide their time, which will surely come, and then, when the South is redivivus, take your true position, as rest assured that the South and West will control the country, but at present you can't make the mountains come to vou. 232 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. two thousand tons, and the delicate limbed and can- vassed yachts of the bugs of "Bay City," whose occupa- tion is adapted to the elements they adorn. In a former "scrap," I alluded to the formation of a Zouave corps. The brilliant movements of this gallant battalion has stimulated others to achieve notoriety by chivalric deeds, and another organization of some of the decided braves of the prison was effected. Their incitation from the wants of success of the Zouaves led them to adopt a dif- ferent procedure. Their war cry, ' ' Arrah, arrah, " this although misunderstood by the sentinel on the watch towers, would be magical, as the chief was a Celt, genu- ine and full, but he was much affected by the " Swiney," which prevented too rapid locomotion, and thus was cal- culated to retard the velocity of the manoeuvre ; this was obviated by the agile capacities of Captain Thompson, the Blondin of Johnson's island. It is to the latter gen- tleman, we are indebted for the conception of crossing the bay on a rope. Thompson, who vowed "he knew the ropes," would attempt the feat, but one difficulty seemed in the way, the want of a bottle. " Herr Cline," the famous rope dancer, would take a bottle and sit upon it on a slender cord, and Blondin would also perform similar tricks. This seemed quite an acquisition, and Captain Thompson was heralded as the apostle of prisoners desirous of escaping. The ropes and bottle were obtained, as Captain Thompson had built up much prestige upon the peculiar performances, and to be satis- tied that all was ready for^ the hazzardous enterprise, a rope was stretched across a room in one of the buildings, and the bottle was produced. The performance began. The bottle presented, when by some mistake, (not of the printer,) but of the Post Surgeon. It was found to be full of whiskey. It had to be emptied. It was a pity to waste it, and it was intended that the chief of the corps should drink it, he did so and the manoeuvre opened, but much to the surprise of the rank and file, the bottle holder had neglected to tighten the slack-rope, and the result was a depression, and the chief was on his head. This not being in the bill, and the attempt having sig- SCEAPS FEOM THE PEISON TABLE. 233 nally failed from the derangement of the head of the col- umn, the ropes were abandoned, . and the rafts were adopted, hence the term raftsmen, anc^ the use of this means to effect the escape of the disappointed five. The getting out was not considered, as all said, "getting out was nothing,' 1 ' 1 leaving the island was the rub. The party comprising the raftsmen corps consist of Captain Jessie Taylor, Lieutenant Sweeney,* Lieutenants Thompson,! Stockdell, and Campbell, Jive trumps, a good hand for any enterprise. The arrangements completed, another difficulty seem- ed looming up in hideous proportions in the distance, and to all appearance, it was the .fact of the amount of p*aper money in the crowd being too laige to risk, in case of a warm or cold bath, if you will, in the bay; and all seemed desponding, because the party had experienced much difficulty in obtaining the money. The law of the prison being such, that the prisoner is only allowed to buy what he wants, and give checks to the sutler. At camp Chase they were allowed five dollars at a time, so as to allow change to buy sundries and papers. There- fore, all kinds of tricks were resorted to get to the money inside. Some would buy five dollars worth of postage stamps, and then retail them to the officers, and by "hook and by crook," our gallant corps obtained a goodly sum. But the money must be placed in some secure place, it being paper, and getting wet, would become ruined and worthless. A bright thought, however, flashed across the mind of the susceptible Thompson ; and seeing the bottle, drained of its contents, lying in bold relief, on the bare floor, like some ancient grave yard, "the place of departed spirits, " he grasped it eagerly, and presenting it with that impulsiveness, that so characterizes the house of Thompson, exclaimed — "this is the bottle!" and suggested the happy idea of placing the roll of bills in it, and then corking it, trusting it to the water, attached as a caudal appendage, if need be, by a cord to some one of the party, and on reaching "terra firma" to * The gallant Sweeney was killed while nobly performing his duty. t Lieutenant Thompson had his foot shot ofl". 16 234 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. have the satisfaction of having not only obtained their freedom, hut in the possession of ample funds, would hie them to their happy homes, in the land of "Dixie." All seemed delighted, and each extended the hand of congratulation, while the left was elevated by the assist- ance of the forearm to the auricular extremity of the head, which was the signal agreed upon, "all right." All seemed jubilant and sanguine, but there was one clouded brow, in that brilliant circle, it was ominous of shadowed thought. "Oh! cast that shadow from thy brow," all exclaimed, but there it was, on the massive forehead of the sprightly Sweeny. The veins upon his brow seemed to swell like the bounding billows of the " Mad lake, " whose surface he intended to bare his "manly breast to that selfsame night ; those eyes, that when influenced by heart emo- tions of pleasure, seemed to sparkle like some 'diamond buried in one of the catacombs of Egypt, or like the application of castile soap to the cranium of some ancient Zouave, whose capillary substance has yielded to the stroke of time, that unrelenting destroyer, and expose from some dark corner, its shining surface, but to be more strikingly like the reflection of a smooth quarter in a rat hole. . The hue of his formidable moustache darkened with those sad features, and like some frowning promontory, added an eclipse to the usually happy ex- pression of a mouth wreathed with smiles, that now compressed its lips like the door of the cave in "AH Baba's" time, when the magic word "Sesame" had been pronounced in commanding tones. In this case 'twas bottle, the clenched teeth gritted together like the shock some closing fissure of some convulsed system, and he came out with his pent up feelings barely restrained, in one loud acclaim, "How can the money begotten out of the bottle?" The crowd of anxious friends, who had awaited the results of the mountain in labor, felt like an Ateas, or the old man of the mountain, had been removed from their shoul- ders, and the sunshine of satisfaction illumined the coun- tenances of the re-assured crowd. It seems that the history of the " apple dumplings" had not been imparted SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 235 to the youths in their early course of studies, and therefore the abstraction of substances from vacuums as imbecile, as one of the merry monarchs said in Merrie England, when presented with the mysterious compound, "y'e clept apple dumplings," " Pray good dame," quoth he, " how got the apples in ?" But with Sweeny, the problem that required solution, was, " quoth he," how will you get the money out ? Excitement was depicted on each rueful fac< i, as they thought of the danger they had ran, and all looked upon Sweeny as the discoverer looks upon a Kane, a Marcapola, a Columbus, or a Bilbo ; and never did as much consternation exhibit itself than on this occasion, when they awoke to a perfect realization of the dangers they had escaped. Mutual congratulations ensued on the narrow escape of thefparty from pecuniary annihilation, and the entire party concluded to retire for that night, with a conscious- ness, that some other plan must be adopted to effect their deliverance, as the failure of the Zouaves, and the risk of getting their money wet, disturbed their raft evolutions, and they retired to their cubby -holes, satisfying their in- tellects, that getting out was not what it was cracked up to be, and that scaling, sprawling, or squatting would not pay. They felt, that to cross Sandusky bay on a raft might do for a seal or walrus, but not lor a Confederate, and to land in the North without a cent, Stockdell says, is the next thing to supping with Pluto ; and Jessie Tay- lor being a man of sense, he added his voice, and the raft was abandoned ; Campbell determining he would humph himself off, in some dryer way — such as reading my ac- count of it. Captain Hayden, of Tennessee, sits at his window, and as he sees the boats come in view, says, as he retreats from the window, " Don't look, boys, treat them with silent contempt," and all drew back. It seems magical, the campus that a few moments before had been alive with Confederates, seem to catch the inspiration, and all rapidly withdraw to their quarters, leaving the vulgar curiosity of the insulting songsters, with their " Stars and stripes," and " The red, white and blue," to luxuriate in 236 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. full view of a tamer heather in the plain walls of our quarters. It was a good joke on the small fry quill drivers'oi the nine-inch sheets across the bay, in trying to drum up customers, for a pleasure excursion on an old hack -boat, to enlarge upon the " sight," on Johnson's island. Captain Hay den is in the engineer corps, is an experi- enced engineer, and one of the best informed men in the " bull-pen," a deep thinker, a careful reader, of much of the German scholasticism about him; a great believer in the mysteries of nature, like your humble author, and a man whose mind seems to accept all outward natural influences. I like to argue with the captain, as he has much of that courtliness of the Virginian of the old school, he being a native of the Old Dominion, although a Ten- nessee volunteer, and this, with his travels and his fleep researches, makes him a reliable companion, as well as a pleasing one. If he does oppose my theory of " like be- getting like," in figure and mind, but more particularly in complexions anil outlines, I argue that constant associ- ations with any or each element in the physical world, produces a likeness in each, that attracts a close observer to the strong assimilation even in ideas. I believe, the man or woman, who lives constantly in the woods, with no companion but the brave old oaks and the tight bark hickories, and the rude and compact cane, will ultimately become hard in visage, rude in manners, and partake of the humaness of the wild nature they associate with. Con- tact with the animal, constant seeing and rubbing against the crudeness of the tangled forests, or the dense and regal woods, is as effective in forming not only physical traits, but also physiognomy, as the power of education or associ- ation forms the personelle and the manners. Did you ever see people who looked like animals ? I have. SomV? people look like the bark upon the forest trees, and their manners are like their countenances. Captain Hayden says, 'tis the result of impressions, produced at certain seasons, upon certain parts of the human family. I don't think so. I look upon it as the result of associations. Cities give polish ; there is much corruption in their pur- SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 237 lieus, but it is refined; 3*011 are murdered with a simle, and robbed with a salam, yet enjoy it more than the "stand and deliver of the road." In speaking of the woods, I don't mean the country entire, with its honesty and candor, its soothing influences of quiet and content- ment, but I allude to the wild woods. The Fourth of July was decorously observed, and in a manner becoming officers on such a day and in such a place, upon tile soil of our forefathers, where we are now victims of the most abominable despotism in the universe, resembling more the terrorism of the Visigoths and Van- dals. The Fourth of July, two years ago, I passed a happy one in Europe, as a representative otHhe happiest and the most powerful government in the world ; to-day I am a prisoner of war, held by the fiat of a kingdom, a usurper, one whom the Almighty seemed to have placed at the head of a government destined to destruction. No j great man would have been allowed to have occupied the seat of the head of such a corrupt dynasty, and it seems a part of the Divine wisdom, to have put the right man in the right place. All are quiet, it seems, like the Sab- bath. I repeat it, on this the 4th day of July, 1862, in prison on Johnson's island, the Confederate officers acted well. I have episoded on this chapter, but if you are willing to put up with the literary crumbs, that fall from the tin-plates of my oaken, greasy table, why, you will be compelled to accept my " scraps" with a good grace, as stated, two years ago, I passed a Fourth July in Europe, and being honored by the receipt of an invitation to dine at Brussels, from the American Minister,. General Fair. 1 General Fair, Minister to Belgium, is an. honest, hospi- table gentleman, gave good dinners, and always had on hand a bottle of "eye opener." His office and drawing- rooms were always open to his American friends. He is a true Southern man, and deserves well of the South. Mrs. Fair is polite, fragile, but with a great spirit, arid any quantity of active energy. Mrs. Fair, in fact, is one of the best feminine diplomats I met in Europe, is an esteemed friend of the Ducthess of Brabant, and has the entre of the best society in Europe. 238 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Miss Rose Wyatt, Mrs. Fair's niece, is a beautiful girl of sixteen summers, accomplished and intelligent. The above were the family, to whose courtesy I am indebted, for much of the pleasantness of my sojourn in Brussels, the beautiful capital of Belgium. The General and family are residents of Montgomery, Alabama. I took a dinner on the 4th with this agreeable family. Mrs. Bass,* of Louisiana, is an elegant woman in car- riage, a tout ensemble of Parisian mould, 'the result of constant attendance in the best society of the continents of Europe and America, superb taste, and an inexhaustible supply of this world's goods. You have before you the widow Bass, of Louisiana, one of the most stylish women I met in my travels in Europe. Her brother was on my left, quite an agreeable young 'man, now in our army and a good officer. Judge Cobb, of Georgia, a delegate from the cotton planters association, a man of venerable ap- pearance, and much information. J. Hunt Strother,f of Missouri, a gentleman who is connected by marriage with some of the nobility of Austria, w r as one of my personal friends, and a whole- souled gentleman. A residence of twelve years in the capitals of Europe, had made him aufait in all that appertains to the first order of society. I'll never forget an incident that occurred in Brussels, in which he figured. The " octoire " duties had been abolished by the repre- sentatives in Congress, and approved of by King Leopold, and was to go into effect by a popular demonstration of the Burgeois of the city and environs. This " octoire "J duty was a special -tax on all liquors and meats that came within the barriers, (i. e.) the corporate or municipal limits. The tax was about one cent per pound, on meats, * Wife of the Italian .Minister, (1807,) to the United States. f Hunt Strother's sister married the Baron Fahrenburgh. She is one of the handsomest, and most hospitable of the nobility of Europe. J There is no octoire duty in America, but ladies were searched during the war, by many of the defenders of the " old flag," bureaus broken into, work baskets examined for bombs.hells, and everything stolen — old Butler the Beast— that could be laid hauds ou ; no privacy respected, missionaries to foreign lands forsooth. There is not a mother in the world who would be guilty of the excesses of the miscreants who plundered Selma, and sacked Columbia. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 239 and about twelve dollars on a cask of wine ; and as a city improved, and the residences went up in squares, outside the prescribed limits, their female occupants were liable to be searched for anytlring possibly contraband in satchel or redicule. Of course, although the loss of revenue was some three millions of dollars, yet the abating of the nuisance was hailed with unfeigned delight by the class alluded to, particularly aided in their expressions of joy by the Burgeois, who anticipated cheap meats and wine. "Hunt" and myself, concluded as our residence in Brussels had as yet produced no uprorious results, we would engage in the rejoicings of the good Burgeois of the city, and give them a touch of western hilarity. The clock struck twelve, and the day that was thus timely ushered in to herald the going into effect of the freedom of outside productions in their transit, was made wild with the cheers that greeted a wagon loaded with beef, mutton, beer and wine. The crowd numbered thousands, and they gave vent like most of foreigners, to a sort of growl. I have said cheer ; 'tis not on that order. It is to the cheer of an American, like the war-whoop of an Aborigne was to the early settlers upon Plymouth rock. We passed to the front and commenced a series of whoops; the sensation was electric. We still continued. Like a host of fiends were after them, they took up the cry, and not since the departure of the crusaders, or the finding the mannikin, did the streets of Brussels ring with the vo- ciferations of the aroused and excited citizens. We thought the storm was at its height, and left, going to the Prince of Wales' coffee house, and taking — a glass of " 'alf and 'alf." This was my only spree in Brussels with Hunt Strother, or " any other man." Corr Van Damaren sat opposite to me. This gentleman was judge of the tribunal of commerce, president of the board of free traders, and the Cobden of Belgium, an able exponent of the system he advocated. Speeches were made, and all were gay. This gentleman alluded to an audience I had with the Duke of Brabant, one of the most thorough gentlemen I ever met, and a fit scion of 240 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. that astute King Leopold,* and remarked, looking at the hand the Duke had removed his glove to shake, said to me, " I'd never wash that hand again, as long as I lived." It was a pleasant gathering and characteristic of General and Mrs. Fair ; but this Infair of the ever memorable anniversary of the independence of the United States of America, although more festive, is not of as much moment as the day itself in prison on Johnson's island. " A long way round, you will say," I've no doubt, but as I started out to write as I felt, as I wished, and as I know how, I am going to do the same in this and all succeeding "scraps." We drink no champagne here. Some messes, I believe, had whiskey. The sick in the hospital, had some "knick nacks," puddings perhaps. Our next Fourth of July, I hope, will be in the happy land of Dixie. I have closed this chapter. It has been called watery by Captain Jones, of Kentucky, a splendid fellow, a staff officer of Tilghman's, and a dashing soldier. Jones is with us daily, and we take liberties, (at times, something else.) Jones says it is watery, but if so, 'tis variety, and as variety is the spice of sublunary things, I have concluded to put it in the bunch or bundle of " scraps" I offer to a nation of epicures. It is growing dark, and the Fourth of July is lost in the sultry retrospection. Prison life is the best index to the character in the world, and if within the reach of all,- students of morality would be the graduating class, for school hours, those devoted to tare and tret, and the syntax and prosody, " Ego amo" declamation and composition, are the preparatory ingredients to form the man ; but the moulding is by contact with the outer world, and it is only by rub- bing against the various phases of society, that the mind is matured and fitted for the active duties of a deceptive world, filled with every incentive to err, and alive with vice in a myriad of shapes and fancies. Our youth have an entire misconception of life, its aims, its demands, and its obligations ; the effects of which want of information shows disastrous results all through life's journey. I've * The present King of Belgium, Leopold, is the most intelligent gentleman I met in Europe, having a quick apprehension, and comprehensive conception. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 241 seen and mingled with all grades of society, and have seen much of that class, vulgarly called " big men," and like all hills that seem green and grassy in the distance, or like huge mountains, or deep vales, encountered in the path, seem small when you approach them, and the mass of " big men" I've seen, are quite common when you approach them, and if half the youth of our country could be taught the habits and different usages of first- class society, after they are on the way, or have attained the full zenith of their ambition, they would, (if moral,) cease to have that reverence for legislators, and that awe of " big men," statesmen and warriors. Much of the dignity and pride you see in men is assumed ; 'tis a false key played upon ; it is the same disguise used by the actor, put on to suit his role ; frequently like the clown, so flimsy as to be penetrated by the child. How many men are to the world what they really are in their natural selves i About one in a hundred. Frederick the Great, was an intelligent monarch, yet would get upon his all fours and play horse for his children. Napoleon cooked omelets, Webster had an uxorious love of stock, and one of the last acts of his life was to have some Ayrshire cattle brought to liis window to gaze upon, with a mind and heart free from anxiety, and full of innocent amusements. 'Tis true that these men of great intellects are the effects of a reactionary influence, like that great void or hollow- ness after too much laughter, the nervous depression after excitement, or vice versa, calm and sadness will be fol- lowed by storm and hilarity. But few men live one life to themselves and the world. The mass of great men put their manners and feelings on like they do their cloaks. Colonel Jabez Smith,* of Arkansas, is a quiet, mild gentleman, one you would take for a draw-back upon enterprise, from his easy and loose manner of quiet, and his reserved style generally, yet stir up the inner man of " Jabez Smith," and you have a lion in the path. Colonel Clark, of the Sixth Tennessee, is a gentleman * Necessity for a knowledge of the world to Colonel Jabez Smith, one of the best judges of human nature in the pen. 242 Scraps from the prison table. of pleasant and agreeable manners, has a large quantity of the "man of the world" in him, an officer, I am con- fident, who is loved by his command ; yet Colonel Clark is a quiet man, nothing of the braggart, but on the field, I'll wager, is full of metal. You would, if a casual ob- server, misunderstand him. Major Brown, of the Fiftieth Tennessee, is a modest lawyer, (i. e. if there is such an animal,) a thorough gen- tleman, and one of the mildest men in prison, but if I am any judge of charactar, he is one of the firmest in our circles, ana one to whom the most dangerous enterprises could be entrusted. I like Major Brown ; he is a christian gentleman, a cool, calm, kind and generous officer. I have simply touched these characters off, as they are in prison, and as, I think, they are at home. Captain Blake, of Kentucky, is the hospital steward, and is confined strictly to the hospital and its duties, is a good liver, and is quite faithful in his attentions to the sick. Blake looks more like a festive and gay man of the world, fond of a " smash" in the morning, and the opera at night, than an attentive and kind man to the sick and needy. I know the character of Captain Blake, simply from a little occurrence. I was indisposed, and there was an embargo on spirits ; Blake administered a brandy- toddy ; it cured me. I don't know where Captain Blake obtained it, but as the Nigga said, "'twas powerful good." Blake, like many of us, in prison is natural, out of prison we are artificial. I know some individuals here that, when they get out, will, if asked, if they knew so and so, as a seedy personage passed, who has nodded, " Oh ! yes, slightly, a mere watering-place acquaintance, not at Sara- toga, Cape May, or Biloxi — no, Johnson's island." "Ah ! ha!" says the stranger, as he walks off. "Snob," the leaver of outdoors has worked, and the natural man of Johnson's island becomes the artificial scrub of Canal street. I would ask my readers, to take a careful survey of prison life. Study man in his two lives, the inner and the outer, and he will learn much. Man's study is man. There are many influences that may tend to warp a man's SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 243 natural instincts, and avocation .nay change him unbe- known to himself; yet this is the exception, not the rule. The man is a victim of society, and with all its despotism, he, is held under its tyrannical rod by iron hands, in spite of himself, and while conforming to its rigidity, he licks the rod that chastises him. So to avoid the seeming des- tination of youth, let him read his history of the world early, not pore over them in old age, instruct him in character, and teach him that the world is a great volume in paragraphs, illustrated with its plates, highly colored, whose attractions are apt to attract from more sedate colorings, and as he turns over each new leaf in the won- derful book, see that lie leaves no thumb-marks, and don't let him suffer, as many do, by a sad experience, that says, well, I'll profit by this example, and be instructed for the next emergency. But, unless schooled, the student is never profited, but is attacked by new issues, until ex- perience comes too late. If you want your boy to have the instincts of a man, bring him to Johnson's island, and let him study human natural nature. I am, in this " scrap," on another tack, as I found out, upon a critical analysis, that I was getting prosy ; and then again, I find it difficult to adopt any singleness of style, for instance : it would not do to attempt a novel, because you will say, Bulwer, James, Scott, or Maryatt are good enough for you ; nor a history — McCauly's or Pres- cott's works will suit ; and as to the blood and thunder of periodicals, why Emerson Bennett will answer. So what should I write ? Anything I please ! Just exactly what I have done, what I am doing, and what I intend to do. I have in some previous "scraps" alluded to various subjects, such as forces, politics, connection be- tween mind and matter, and etc. I will now present a peculiar theory of mental disease, believing as I do, that there are periodical mental visita- tions, as well as physical epidemics ; that " free loveism"* is a disease. Abolitionism and Mormonism, and all Turkey is caller] " the sick man," because political]}' diseased. As the cru- sade against the South in 1862, history will prove to be as fearful a political and moral disease, as the plague of London in the seventeenth century. 244 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. influences that tend to revolutionize society, is as much a disease as the small-pox or yellow fever, and the mental powers can be easily caught by the infection that a man can imagine himself ill, (like the old man in the field, who had put on his son's vest, entirely too small for him, imagined. himself bit by a snake, and that he was swelling under the influence of the poison, was only relieved on his son arriving; with his father's vest dangling around him :) the mind contemplating, makes it susceptible, or like the passage o/ the angel of the plague into grand Cairo, when asked how many he intended to destroy, replied 3,000 ; on coming out was informed 15,000 had died, retorted, I only killed 3,000, the rest died of fear. The fright was as much an epidemic as the loathsome disesase itself. The mind is delicately susceptible, and assisted by the imagination ; then reflected to other imaginations, inspires enthasiasm or inflicts despair, and there has not been an age or even a year, but some disease, social or political, has run like wild fire through society. 'Twas the case in the South, and particularly so in the State of Mississippi, from 1831 to 1842. -Much of the effects of this epidemic that was called the " Duello," was wit- nessed by the author. Randolph and Tom Benton, had their opinion of the " code." Randolph changed his opinion three times in his life ; once strongly advocated the principle, then condemned, then again became a supporter. During a latter stage of opinion, he fought Mr. Clay, Randolph's argument, was "Duelling" is individ- ual war. I will give an instance of the feeling existing at that time in Vicksburg, Misssssippi, the rendezvous of such men as S. S. Prentiss, McClung, , Robbins, and a host of others, gallant men, whose bravery was made the avenue to mislead them to (what is deemed by many) barbaric encounters. I was at the school of an old gentleman whom we all loved and feared, for he did not spare the ferule or the birch. It was 1838, when, one bright morning, all Vicksburg was crossing the river to the "battleground," as the encounters were all in one place and of frequent occurrence, as any stranger who visited Vicksburg, contemplating settlement, if a pro- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 245 fessional gentleman, had of necessity to fight a duel, to establish his claim to gentility. The river was covered with skiffs or canoes, (usually called dugouts?) as it was always a gala day, and witnessed with as much gusto. as a " bull-fight " in Spain, or the old English and French tournaments of the good old day of legalized chivalry The duel came off at 7 A. M., between Judge Lake,* and Tom Robbins ;| the former killed twenty years afterwards, in a duel with rifles, (not long ago,) the latter, a distin- guished Mississippian, but a native of Pennsylvania, died in the insane asylum, 'tis said, at Philadelphia,' the place of his nativity. I, with the other boys, crossed the river to see the fight, anticipating to get back in time for school 'hours, 9 a. m., but the duel was postponed until 10 A. m., and we feeling disappointed, started back and darted into the school yard as the bell rang, much excited by our race to get back in time, as boys will loiter, and we were boys. " Where have you boys been ?" " To see the duel." " Did it come off?" . " No, sir." " Well, when is it to be decided ?" " Ten, to-day, Mr. Lewis." "Why you young rap-scallions, why didn't you stay and report the results? School is dismissed, you have been good boys and shall have a holiday. Bring me my pony, (which as he was lame he ahvays rode,) and I'll go and see the fight." He did go, saw it ; his pony strayed off, and our good old master was three days finding him, and of course we had a jolly good time. So much for the duel fever of 183-. Judge- Lake's gun snapped, (they fought with double-barreled shot guns,) the latter lowered his gun magnanimously, and shot him in the knee. Sargeaut S. Prentiss came from Portland, Elaine, to Mississippi ; a quaint, mild, gentlemanly master of the ferule. In five years he was the "Ney" of the State in the " code." * Judge Lake, one of Mississippi's distinguished sons. fTom Robbius was a Pennsylvanian, and the soul of chivalry. 246 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. You see at once how catching the disease was, and in spite of the many flings at the "Yankees," they seemed to have been more violently attacked than the denizens of the fighting latitude themselves. Prentiss' life has been written, and I shall briefly allude to a man that I loved, "They say," and as "Burr" said, witheringly; "don't tell me what they say," that the brilliant orator drank, that he gambled; well, so he may have done, and how few great men but do. Nine men of brains out often, are men of sensibility, of ambitious hopes, of great nervousness, and in ninety-nine times in a hundred, are men of disappointed aims and" desires. Again, men who attain a position in the world, do it at the sacrifice, (in a large majority of cases,) of the physical. man; the intense application of mental, the continued strains upon the nerves, require artificial stimulants. Some fly to the card-table, some to the bottle, and others to other sources of dissipation. Men of mediocrity seldom drink, (of course I leave out the church,) it is only the two classes ; the blackguard in the gutter, or the man of genius of high tone, who feels that the world is selfish, that dollars are almighty with the masses, and the plating of society silvered by peculation, is fastened upon a corrupt system, that, like a corporation, is soulless, and is represented by the "Hickmans" and McFlimsys of society. The man of heart and soul feels all this, and is driven to some excitement to quell the emotions of disgust, that rise in his heart when contemplating society from such a standpoint. A society that will say to the soldier,* who perhaps after suffering for months in camp, from disease and exposure, comes home maimed and broken up in constitution and in purse ; .and after the war is over, and trade has resolved into its original channels, and preferment is in the current of peace, when war is forgotten by those who did not go into it, and those who did, have no power to do good, he asks a pittance, it may be he has imbibed too much, * la the South he has but little advantage, and in the North he may be seen the recipient of coppers, as he handles the organ's crank in the place of the musket. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 247 what matter, he is broken down and feels sick at heart, when gazing on the tinsel of society, that glitters past him, unconscious of the suffering he has endured for his country and his flag, and he is desperate and asks for help, the reply is: "We have so many calls of similar character, it is impossible to supply the demand ; George, give this man a dollar." The money is thrown upon the counter, by a sleek young gentleman, whose future is in the color of his meerschaum, and the gloss of his hair, with the expression, "These fettars are very annoying." He takes the dollar, and unless he wants a drink badly, throws it at his head, damning the world by sections, and feeling that ambition and patriot- ism are the results of the ideal and imaginative, and not intended for practical life, unless their votaries are the children of property. Prentiss saw things in this light. He was disgusted. Then he loved certain society, he was in bad health, and then, what if he did drink, so did Webster, so do most all great men. The author is no apologist for this vice, believes in the use and not abuse, and only drinks upon two occasions; one is, when he is invited, the other, when dry. The duel and street fights of those years would fill a score of volumes, there- fore have no place in this work. I have merely alluded to the principle, and only partially to the actors in the drama. Duelling is not the proper settlement of difficulties, out of the army or navy, there where men have united them- selves to make a business of lighting. The "code," ought most certainly to be accepted, but I ignore it in civil life, as barbarous in the extreme, as there is no equality between the good and bad shot, the splendid and indifferent swordsman, or the athletic and the pig- my, (with the bowie,) you can't place men upon an equal footing in the field, and when they are, it makes no difference, because they seldom fight* I speak of the * One of the most udlculous customs, is that of field arrangements. Settle- ments should be made before they reach the ground. A good business for a tactician in the "code" would be to opeu a broker's office, charging a per cent- age, to make honorable adjustments. 248 SCRAPS FROM THE # PRISON TABLE. rule, not the exception. I must admit, I have been nearly drawn into rashness, which might have resulted in a duel, but if so, had I escaped, would have felt that I had abandoned my principles, and sacrificed my moral worth to the severe demon of a false sense of honor, for- merly called the "code," by a false society, that has for its stand point, punctillio, that only a fraction compre- hend, and they mutilate the part they pretend to accept. I see that I am compelled to start on some other subject, as details of men, and their actions become tiresome to the reader, where there are so many men of genius and note in the land, and. if I am wearying my reader, why I feel sorry for it, but he or she will pardon this apology and digression, when I tell them, that in this " bull-pen," there are some thousand Confederate officers, possibly eight hundred of them under thirty years of age. These men are, some of them at least, men of the first order of talent, and with the world be- fore them, many of them will make their mark, therefore I deem it may- be interesting in after life to read them, and know who they are. Now, there goes Captain Vance Thompson, of Columbia, Tennessee. He passes by with a light active step, and a certain suaviter in modo, showing the careless and easy man of the world, yet Vance Thompson is one of the most brilliant speakers in the State, and formerly beat one of our ablest men for a seat in the Legislature, and you would not think it to look at him. Men become creatures of habit, and like all men of talent, Thompson conforms to cir- cumstances, and yields to habit. Speaking of habits and brilliant men, and how men under the influence of this force will exhibit it, I remember being at a dinner in Paris, given to Americans by Charles J. Faulkner, assisted by some liberal Ameri- cans, Monroe & Co, , the celebrated bankers, and several others of the wealthy Americans, residents of the city. " Deney," the liberal French millionaire, whose wine cellars in champagne, had three millions of bottles at that time. "Deney," with princely munificence, furnished the wine, and with generous politeness, assisted in dis- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 249 pen sing and discussing it. It was a Fourth of July affair, and promised to be grand. Among the guests present, was "Big Beverly Tucker," consul to Liverpool, who had come to Paris, (he said,) for his rheumatism, I thought, for the frolic. Beverly Tucker, is a good liver, like all of our foreign and consulor agents abroad, and when the Southern Confederacy is recognized, Tucker will get something. I'm sure he is the man for a fat office, and I think he deserves it. "Gus" Conover, of New Yoik, was there. It is this gentleman that allowed himself to be caught in the net of the Fowler, to the tune of some $50,000, when said Fowler was postmaster of New York city. I look upon Conover as a man of fine character. George Law's son, of the same city, a pleasant young man of good manners, not spoiled by the immense means his father's fortune furnished. The author's secretary was there, Lush Taliafero, of Newport, Ken- tucky. This young gentleman, now a lieutenant in the Federal army, has at least one virtue, that of being the son of Mrs. F. M. Parker, one of the best women of Kentucky. " Lush" is a lion among the ladies, and of a tout ensemble, that would stamp the child of fortune, (born with a gold spoon in his mouth.) I again met Mr. Cobden at this point, and he had the same placid smile, ready conversation, that discovers so easily, to even a casual observer, the politician. There are some three hundred more, whose names would not interest any one, and in fact I don't know that these will, but it is in the bill, and I am compelled to go through with the per- formance, but I'll make it short. I intended to state, that man is a creature of habit. Now amidst other festive demonstrations, it was necessary to have a speech ; so the Honorable Charles J. Faulkner was called upon. It must be considered, that it was get- ting late in the day, and that wine had been used ad libi- tum. The courteous Minister rose, and said : " Fellow countrymen, upon this anniversary of our national inde- pendence, we feel that it behooves us to celebrate it in a manner becoming worthy sons of those noble sires, who fought, bled, and died, in Freedom's cause — and stand- 17 250 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ing, as I do, here beneath these wide-spreading elms — ." Here I left, as there was not a tree in a half mile, and I felt satisfied, 'twas the force of habit, and nothing else, showing the influence of Fourth of July orations, at points where there were wide-spreading elms. There goes another officer, passing my window as I write, always grinning, ever humorous, and constantly in fun or frolic, ready for cards, ball, fight, or a foot-race. Who is he? The Blood Hound. Yes; that agree- able looking individual is Captain Harris, called, by common consent, the " Tennessee Blood Hound." It is hard to realize, that a man can smile and kill ; yet they say Harris will take a chew of tobacco, and draw a bead upon the enemy's eye with equal non-chalance. There is something in the depths of that man's flashing eye, that reveals the unrest of ill-restrained passion, that like the snake, charms while it stings. I don't like to fight men like Harris ; yon are hurt before you know it ; a laugh one minute, and a death-blow the next. This is a great place to study human nature — this prison. Look at Lieutenant-colonel Wood, of the famous Natchez troop of cavalry. There he goes, coat off, hat in hand ; he is playing town-ball, running and cheering as lustily as the youngest player in the party — the entire set looking like the boys upon the college campus. And yet see Colonel Wood in the fray, amid the clash of sabres and shriek of minies, and he is a tiger, a brave, gallant, dashing soldier. Lieutenant-colonel Wood is a son of the surgeon-general of the United States army. There goes a Texas Ranger ; buckskin hunting-shirt, and leggins of the same material. If any man has read the tales of our borders, Texas and her conflicts with the Mexican and the savage, he has not failed to feel inte- rested in the history of these rangers. Recklessly brave, splendid horsemen, (as they ride like the Commanches, while the animal is at full speed, picking a coin from the ground, while they retain the saddle,) and of great power and endurance, they are formidable enemies. Captain Austin is one of these, and is a man of fine physique and prepossessing manners. A good idea suggests itself to me SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 251 for cavalry ; it is the ranger's. Take a cup, fill it with all kinds of spices, take a peck of corn-meal, swing it in a bag over your horn or crupper, and when hungry, take a tea- spoonful of spice, half a cup of corn-meal, mix with water, and 'twill satisfy you for the day in an emergency. The above quantity will sustain life in a nourishing manner for twenty days. In looking out of my window, at the few representa- tives of that famous . battery, the Point Coupe artillery, who are with us in prison, I am forcibly impressed with the fact, that some of the best blood of America is con- fined within these prison walls. Lieutenant Legendre, a young Creole, of New Orleans, and a cousin of General Beauregard, is now promenading the campus. He is one of the most courtly looking gentlemen in prison ; his face alternating in flashes of pleasant thought and clouds of present troubles, expressed in the glittering eye, and frowning brow ; he is possibly thinking of the Crescent City, of Royal street, and the St. Louis, and of his pleas- ant home ; which thoughts are broken by the reality of his foul imprisonment, and the fiery Frenchman frets. They are a great people, .the Creoles of Louisiana ; and among the most distinguished soldiers in the Confederate service, are those who have been fledged under the wing of the pelican. Lieutenant D'Aubigne is a descendant of the great writer of that name, and to look at the pensive cast of features and thoughtful brow, you can easily discover traces of the author of the history of the Reformation. These young Frenchmen are disinterested patriots, having left affluence and position behind them, to face, disease, death, or imprisonment, for the cause they have espoused. In them we see the days of chivalry revived, and they should feel, that it is no disgrace to be a prisoner. Lafay- ette languished in prison, so did the present Emperor of France, and so have the great and good, of all ages, and we are but mortal, and must bend to the fiat of destiny. Yet our motto is, nil desperandum, which will sustain us, until we leave these quarters ; after which we hope to 252 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. have a better appreciation of the troubles of those who have suffered before us, and may come after us. To-day, prison life was illumined by a female form, one of grace and elegance, Mrs. Colonel Bryan, who visits her brother, Captain Sam. Thompson, a prisoner with us. Her appearance infused new life into our prison circles. It seems, as if there is something more soothing and refreshing in the rustle of female garments, than in any of the other modifiers of the prison worry ; the step of a gentle, loving woman, with her winning smile, and cheer- ful presence, are well-springs of joy to the sufferer. Mrs. Bryan, as she visited the hospital, conscious of nothing but woman's duties and her mission, seemed like a fairy visitation, to the sick and weary soldier, as she moved over the campus, the thousand prisoners thought of home, and their loved ones. This lady traveled thousands of miles, without an escort, subject to the inconveniences and exposure, incidental to such a trip, for the purpose of assisting in ameliorating the condition of the sick in pris- on, and provide for the comforts of her brother, one of the truest soldiers in the sendee. An ice-cream saloon has been opened under the cheering auspices of a warm day, and twelve hundred panting pris- oners. The conception of the institution, originated with Lieutenant D. B. Griswold, of the engineer corps ; who argued, that the prospects for getting out were rather slim — so he concluded lie would try and freeze out. Lieu- tenant Griswold makes cream for the sick, for which they seem quite grateful. The proprietor of this establishment is assisted by Lieutenant William Swiney, of Memphis, who is a brave and faithful soldier. Lieutenant Griswold has much humor, stands his imprisonment better than the best of us ; his spirits never flag, is always disposed to be accommodating, makes pies for others to eat, and rings for others to wear ; is always on hand at base-ball or crib- bage ; in fact, I don't know what we would do without " Griz." I first met the lieutenant at camp Chase. If it was wet, he was pleased ; if it was dry, it suited him as well ; hot or cold, it was all the same ; and with this happy faculty, for adaptation to circumstances, Lieutenant SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 253 Griswold is enabled, to make himself one of the most agreeable gentlmen in prison. A squad of prisoners, who have been on parole, are now entering the "big gate." This arrival is attracting more than ordinary attention, as they have been on pa- role, and are supposed to bring us news. Captain Morton, of the Thirty-second Tennessee, steps in ; he is immedi- ately surrounded by a crowd of prisoners, and is distribu- ting the latest papers to his friends. Captain Morton has the reputation of being a fine officer. Lieutenant Weller is of Taylor's battery ; also an accomplished and energetic officer, is receiving the congratulations of his friends. Captain T. Wood and Colonel Steadman pass in, and the " big gate " closes. Colonel Steadman is one of the best soldiers, Alabama has sent to the field. Captain Wood is eminent for courage and judgment. In spite of the superintendent's falsehoods, threats, and misrepresentations, only four men have taken the oath : and to show the class of men, who are faithless, I will state that one is the poet — Bill Rupert ; his taking the oath is to be expected, when one refers to that c/umdoic effusion. Lieutenant Rupert is a native of Illinois, and was an assistant in a Southern restaurant. Another is Colonel Smith's ostler, who was allowed to come with us. He is a Swiss, and very ignorant. The other two are natives of Pennsylvania ; one of whom made a speech in Sandusky, the night of his release, in which he stated, he had been forced into the Confederate army. The San- dusky "Register," (that filthy sheet,) was honest enough to rebuke the author of this falsehood, in a well-timed article, the spirit of which was, that while they welcomed the traitors to their ranks, it was the first time they had ever heard of officers being forced into the army. Not one of these traitors was a Southern man. Placards had been posted in prison, inviting us to take the oath, which were torn down by the prisoners in five minutes. As the traitors went out, they received a succession of groans from the friends of the cause they had deserted. 254 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. CHAPTER X, ATTEMPT TO ESCAPE.-SIMPLICITY OF A PRISONER.-NERVOUSNESS IN PRISON.— LIEUTENANT RANKIN AND HIS CAT.— MRS. BATTEL.— A SINGLE ARRIVAL.— THE ABOLITION DEITY-ABRAHAM LINCOLN. —NOT AN ENGLISHMAN IN PRISON.— MEMPHIS "GONE UP."— MILI- TARY DISTINCTION.— "PETTY THIEVING."— FIRING BY PLATOONS. —"ARREST OF CIVILIANS."— WINDING UP OF "SCRAPS."— " TRIP TO DIXIE," etc. LIEUTENANT Green Duncan having heard of the brilliant exploits of Dick Turpin, also of the present puissant Emperor of France, Louis Napoleon's (the greatest statesman, with one of the most comprehensive military minds, of this, or any age, and whose history of Caesar stamps him as a profound thinker, and ripe scholar,) hegira from Ham, concluded that nothing is impossible, save the preservation of the republic of the United States, man having a capacity for self-government, having been proven an hypothesis of error, and in a few years, the sleek bell-ringer of the star chamber at the Federal Capital will accept peaceably, the robes of royalty, that a people (tied hand and foot) will tamely submit to see thrust upon him by his usurping colleagues ; and the little stars (those military satraps,) who float in the circle, (some of them in whiskey,) of their lord and master William H. Seward, will be as ready to imitate in this particular, as they have the excesses of the powers that be, in their crusade on the South, among the most prominent being William T. Sherman* and Philip Sheridan. | The night * General Sherman ordered thirty families out of Memphis, in 1862. as re- taliation, (so he said,) "your guerrillas firing on our transports." Why did he order out of Memphis, women and children, iuuoceut of any participation in SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 255 was tearfully stormy, yet Duncan, with that intrepidity so peculiar to the citizens of that State that furnished the great Breckinridge, the most perfect gentleman, erudite scholar, and gallant soldier, that this century has produced. Where is the compeer of John C. Breckinridge of Kentucky ? — left the building, and groping his way to the open field, crawled to the fence, passing the stream of light that crossed the path from the reflectors, undiscovered, as he had taken the advantage of a drain, which ran to the lake, and which was covered with grass. He com- menced sawing one of the posts that supported the fence, when he struck a nail, and becoming excited, (and possibly a little vexed,) rather than wait until the tramp of the relief would deaden the sound, pulled at the plank, and it came off with a ripping sound, that vibrated from one end of the wall to the other, and most unfortunately, a sentinel whom he had not discovered in his eagerness to saw out, was on the wall immediately above him, who exclaimed, " halt," and lowered his musket. Duncan seeing the polished bayonet in the gloom, hallooed, " Raise your gun, you yankee scoundrel, or you are a dead man." The sentinel obeyed orders either from habit or imagining that the rebel had a torpedo in his pocket, and Duncan taking advantage of his surprise, ran like a turkey, and was soon too far in the murky gloom, for the balls (a score of which were fired at him,) to do any damage. The Lieutenant lost his saw, the Yankees some the so-called offences of their male relatives ? Why did he not rather, send out his gorrillas, selecting them from the Eighth Missouri, where they could have fought muu, instead of burning down houses, murdering inoffensive citi- zens? (as they did in the case of that esteemed citizen of Memphis, Columbus Alexauder, E-iq ) The reason he vented his spite on these defenseless families (the writer's being one of them,) was to carry out his doctrine, "that war is cruelty," a policy to which he faithfully adhered at Memphis and Atlanta. His boasted march to the sea, has been beaten by Weston, as it was only a feat of pedestiianism, there beiuy; no enemy in front of him. As a marauding expe- dition, it was a human sirocco, leaving nought but desolatiou in its track. f Sheridan boasted of having destroyed two thousand well filled barns in the valley Shenandoah ; Sherman left nothing of the property of their J'ellou^ citizens. Let the civilized world take these men, (with Butler, the beast; N. P. Banks, a nobody ; Schurz. a blasphemer ; Pope, the braggart ; that Munch- ausen Kilpatriek ; that English adventurer, Wyudarn,) and compare them with John C. Breckinridge, Robert E Lee, Joseph E. Johnson, Stonewall Jackson, Leouidas Polk, G. T. Beauregard, and Kirby Smith, and discriminate between the vandalism of the former, and the forbearance of the latter 256 SCKAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ammunition, and the author obtained a sensational paragraph. As we moved from the depot to the boat, at Sandusky, Ohio, a densely packed crowd surrounded us, many of whom were women ; some of the latter abusing us in unmentionable language, and going so far as to spit at us, and it took the united efforts of the guard to prevent their mobbing us in that most damnable of all places, that sink of Abolitionism, where they mob defenceless prisoners, but don't send soldiers to the front unless they can find some poor Irishman* or German, who they can get drunk, enlist him, and then steal his bounty. While the rush of prisoners and of guards was making to the boat, one stalwart Confederate, with an immense overcoat enveloping his person, had lagged behind, but on noticing the last prisoner file off the gangway, and fearful of being left, rushed eagerly on to the stage-plank, where he was sud- denly halted by the guard. " Get off this boat, we don't want any of you fellows talking to rebel prisoners." " Let me pass, I am a rebel ?" " Get off, I tell you, or I'll stick about an inch of this bayonet into you." " If you don't think I'm a goodreb, look at my buttons," (unbuttoning his overcoat, displaying the well-known Confederate uniform to the astonished guard,) who said : " Get aboard, you're a d — d fool, than Thompson's colt" " That may be so, Yank, but Jim P. never deserts his crowd." The Lieutenant could have made his escape easily, by the aid of his citizen's coat, and if he had known as much as he does at present, it is probable he would, but as we only learn from experience, the Lieutenant may profit by * The United States Array was composed as follows : Germans, 176,800 ; Irish, 144/200 ; British Americans, 53.500 ; English, 45,500 ; other foreigners, 48.400 ; nationalities unknown, 26,500 ; of the colored troops, (who fought nobly,) 200,000. Total, 694,900. Add to these, twelve or fifteen thousand officers, nine-tenths of whom were Americans ; the host of provost guards, teamsters, ambulance drivers, hospital attendants, assistant quartermaster and assistant commissary departments, and the other bomb-proof estab- lishments, all filled with native Americans, and w« find that of the thou- sounds who have been offered up to appease the thirst for blood of Yankee Abolition fanaticism, about seventy-five per cent, of them were foreigners. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 257 his lesson, and may not be so enthusiastic in his devotion to his crowd, the next time a Yankee guard attempts to change his front to rear, while moving towards a Yankee bastile. 'Tis passing strange, how nervous one gets in prison. There goes Colonel John Minter, of the Fortieth Ten- nessee, as brave a man as ever drew a sword, yet John is dreadfully nervous in durance ; he walks to and fro, beating his breast in the region of the heart, until one could imagine he would loosen its pericardium. He imagines he has heart disease. Not a bit of it ; it is only pulsating in response to the beat of it's better half that is palpitating in unison, in the cheerless solitude of the colonel's old home in Dixie. There passes another nervous individual, Captain Humes ; he stalks about the Campus, brooding in nervous silence over his misfortunes. The captain is a man of mark, a one-idea'd man, who loses sight of all, but Ins objective point would make an enthusiast or a fanatic ; is of that class of men who make magnificent failures or achieve great results. I hope the latter, for the brave captain. The 'Tour d'Auvergne of the army, Colonels Baker and Avery, are decidedly ner- vous. When the news is favorable in relation to exchange, they dance and leap, and beat their heads against the wall ; when 'tis bad, they are among the most despondent. In applying the term nervous to these gentlemen, I use it in a double sense, colloquial and otherwise, for while the officers mentioned, are susceptible to nervous attacks, they have strong wills and resolute action. The writer, colloquially speaking, is nervous, and will continue to be so until he gets out of this pen, as no man of sensibility, can be calm under the abuse to which the prisoner is subjected. Nervousness, however, is not peculiar to the prisoner ; all men are nervous and imaginative. Colonel George H. Monsarratt, a distinguished officer of the Confederate States army, with one of the most compre- hensive minds I ever knew, said, " I asked Graves, whom I had visited a short while prior to his death, (and who was as true and brave a man as the State of Kentucky ever produced,) how he felt." "Ah, Monsarratt, my pain 258 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. is all here," said the sufferer, pointing to his groin, the place where he shot Cilley, of Maine, in that celebrated duel, in which General Webb played so distinguished a part. Graves was nervous and sensitive, yet of dauntless courage. The Honorable Solon Borland told me that on one occasion, a cannon ball passed near him, producing such an effect on his nervous system that he felt as if losing half his dimensions in his involuntary shrinking, and Colonel Borland was a man of unquestioned courage. I have known Alexander McClung, the great duellist, to pace his room the entire night with the candle burning, and McClung had the courage of alion. Ergo, nervousness is admissable in Johnson's island. I remember that gallant officer Lieutenant Samuel L. Cowan, who became so nervous in camp Chase, that he contrived to get out. A frigid individual would never "have made the trip." I believe the most of us are nervous, yet all don't show it. My accomplished friend, Dr. Becker, is passing under my window, humming a line from Goethe — "Kenast du das Land wo die Zitrouen bluehen." When the Doctor gets nervous,' he goes to his fiddle, which furnishes him with a pleasant auxilliary in warring against ennui. Lieutenant Rankin has a cat, (I do not give a history of Whittington and his cat,) the male of the story, i. e. the genus homo, (or possibly the cat may be a tommy for all I know,) who thought he would find the streets of London paved with gold, was mistaken as Rankin may be, if he thinks the paths of a prisoner are strewn with flowers. However, from his own standpoint, the cat- astrophe of his finale is not yet fully developed, as the gallant lieutenant thinks he may get out ; but, (that is a great word, it signifies a great deal, much depending on the application of the parlance,) Lieutenant Rankin has found a cat, and sits smoothing its glossy back, as happy as a mother with her first hopeful. I wonder if he thinks that the nature of this animal assimilates much to our own, rub a cat one way ninety-nine times, and it will purr, then tread on it's tail, and 'twill scratch ; do most men ninety- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 259 nine favors, and they respond amen, refuse their demand in a solitary instance, they forget the favors and abuse you. Lieutenant Rankin, however, intends to retain the cat, yet his delicate form leads us to believe that he will not get pussy. In addition to our cat, we have two ducks, two dogs, (I mean four-legged ones,) one hen and brood, and are beginning to feel quite domesticated, concluding to make a virtue of necessity, and if we can't get out, we'll raise stock. Lieutenant Rankin is a pleasant gentleman, remarkable for his great conversational powers and gallantry in the field, is a native of Kentucky, and one of the first volunteers from that great commonwealth, to respond to the call to arms to repel the vandal invader. Mrs. Battel,* the widow of the lamented son of that noble Tennessean, Colonel Battel, visited us to-day. It was a sad sight to see this young and estimable woman, in her mourning weeds, cut off from her protector, and compelled to buffet a heartless and pitiless world ; yet with her crushed feelings and her delicate constitution, she has passed the ordeal of insulting guards and wearisome travel, to visit the suffering and lonely, in prison. The visit of Mrs. Battel teaches us a lesson, that our mothers and sisters, wives and daughters, are displaying fortitude and courage, that would, if needs be, (like the Hindoo widow), mount the burning pile for our glorious cause. Lieutenant-colonel Bennett, of the Sixth Mississippi, arrived to-day. The arrival of one officer is barely noticed, yet Colonel Bennett being a positive character, did not fail to have his arrival heralded by a half dozen stragglers who had been watching the " biggate," wishing * The war exhibited to the world, the virtues and courage of Southern women, in action, prose and poetry. The energy and courage of Miss Belle* Edmonson, of Tennessee ; Belle Boyd, of Virginia; Mrs. Matlock, of Missis- sippi ; Miss Ann Nelson, Miss Nettie Coleman, of the same State, are a part of the history of our late struggle. The author well remembers the risks ran by these brave women, in assisting our cause. Compare their ac- tions, and the soul-stirring poetry of Miss Ready, L. Virginia Smith, of Louisi- ana, Estelle, (Mrs. Brown, of Memphis, Tennessee,) and a hundred others, famous in our sunny laud, with the fanatical, heartless Harriet Beecher Stowe ; the strong-minded, ugly, weak-headed Anna Dickinson, and a hundred others of such wishy-washy advocates of women's rights, and Southern ladies lose nothing by the comparison. 260 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. for the magical words, " Open, sesame," (which are as distant in reality, as the forty thieves of Alababa are to the same ilk in Hoffman's battalion, not duces,) or for the strength of Samson to lift the gates as he did those of Gaza. However, as wishing could do no good, they wisely concluded to wait the moving of the waters, (of exchange,) and while waiting, Bennett came in, and was immediately surrounded by the curious. The colonel being a man of good judgment and observation, we accept his news as the most reliable or any received since our incarceration. It is amusing to witness the efforts of the Abolitionists to deify their master, Abraham Lincoln, the "jokist." Is he as strong as the elephant ? Has he the courage of the lion or the tiger ? Can he run like the ostrich, or leap like the kangaroo ? Has he the cunning of the fox, or the agility of the monkey ? Can he crawl like a snake, or climb like a squirrel ? Can he dive like a duck, or swim like a fish ? He has brains, so has a hog ; he can talk, so can a parrot. Can he fly like the eagle ? Has he the gratitude of a dog ? Can he see like the owl, in the dark, or a hawk, in the light ? When he was an infant, if placed on the edge of a precipice, he would roll off, while a kitten, a week old, could hardly be pushed from her hold; and yet, these ignorant fanatics worship man, and that man Abraham Lincoln. Man is inferior to the brute creation in the physical world, as a rule. The exceptions are as follows: Butler is king of beasts ; Lincoln was fleeter than the ostrich, (in passing through Baltimore ;) Stevens, of Pennsylvania, more venomous than the snake ; Turchin, fiercer than the hyena ; Logan, of Illinois, is a greater spouter than the whale, and equally as watery ; Brownlow, 'of Tennessee, the hoggiest of all wallowers ; Horace Maynard, more stolid than the jackass. None of these political scavengers have the respectability of the elephant, as he always carries his trunk, while they are nothing but carpel-baggers. It is a remarkable fact that we have not a representative of "perfidious Albion," in prison. We have the sturdy SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 261 Teuton, the chivalric Gaul, the gallant Celt, but John Bull is not with us. " Where the carcass is, there will the eagles be gathered," and as the surly Briton believes in the heaviest artillery deciding the gage of battle, and the North being the possessor of this force, he casts his lot with the superior power, in the endeavor to sack the South and enslave a free people. Since time immemorial, England has been a nation of territorial robbers ; she has oppressed mankind in the East Indies, making the ex- cesses of Clive historic; in China, in the West Indies, and America, North, East, South or West, 'tis all the same. Wherever the beat of a British drum is heard, or the British flag unfurled, there stalks oppression and violence. One of her victims is Ireland, the down-trodden and op- pressed Green Isle, the land of that immortal patriot, Em- mett. When will she take her place among the nations of the earth ? Only when her people are united, and then let them wipe that political blot from the map of Europe. Treacherous to her enemies, faithless to her friends, (she caged the great Napoleon, like a wild animal, who had trusted to her generosity,) she* has has aided in bringing on the unhappy strife in our own land ; as where govern- ments are to be broken up to benefit English commerce, she spares neither blood nor treasure in accomplishing her unholy purposes. The English politician prates of England and her past history. What is it ? A bastard aristocracy, composed of natural sons of merry monarchs ; a line of kings, whose history is written in- blood. (As to monarchy, the author does not object to it.) Oneness of power, in all material matters, is the best conservator of law and morals. The most despotic governments are recognized in the Old Testament, and in the New our Saviour said, " Render unto Ca?sar the things that are * England has furnished the North men, (nearly 50,000 Englishmen were enlistexl in the Federal army,) and the South, munitions and vessels, to aid in our destruction as a great nation. An Englishman, an office-holder in the op- pressed Sonth, one of those political waifs that the war has thrown to the sur- face, (the South being the carcass for all such eagles,) says to the writer, " The Radicals have elected me to office, and I have accepted, and a pretty d — d fool I'd be to refuse. I don't care a d — n which side whips. Your country's gone to h — 1, and if there are anv loaves and fishes comeatable, Johnny Bull comes in. It's a fat carcass, and I am a first-class eagle." 262 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Caesar's. Each circle must have its centre, and no cor- poration can be permanent without a sovereign head. Since the organization of society, governments when bereft of the strength of a monarchy, even though despotic, and the wisdom of an aristocracy, although licentious, have ran riot with the anarchial excesses of democracy, showing the incapacity of man for self-government. The world, for thousands, of years, has witnessed repeated trials of this fallacious system of self-government, all of which have proven failures ; and the conflict in America, to-day, for a sentiment, is a useless waste of blood, as the days of the republic are numbered, and there may be those living who will see kings enthroned in America, not from any desire, but from one of those natural laws that seems to decree that as a man is made in the likeness of his Creator, the comparison shall apply to all the details of his action, while carrying out the object of his Being. Kings are feeble, yet true representatives of this singleness of administration, that is a reflex of the God- head, and which is ordained to rule in the world, and any change in the character of this delegated power, from the Great Author of our being, to the anointed on earth, will be attended with disaster. The true theory of government is supreme power in the chief of the nation, the subordination of the people, to human strength, prepares them for yielding obedience to their spiritual heads, as in all democracies, there is a tendency to infidelity, and it is alone to despotic governments, that we are to look for religious subordination. The settler on Plymouth rock is a tit descendant of the English poli- tician, for while their forefathers were murdering East Indians, they were imitating them, in destroying the aborigines of America, despoiling them of their lands, and seducing their women, and as Black Hawk said, poisoning their hearts with fire-water ; and now, their descendants are causing rivers of blood to flow through the land, and the Negro is meeting with the fate of the Indian. The murderer and despoiler, who is he?. The author of the war, who is he? The plunderer of homes, and the destroyer of household-gods, who is he? This SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 263 besom of destruction, that is sweeping all — liberty, peace, and prosperity, from the country, leaving nought in its track, but the wail of the widow and orphan, no light but burning homesteads to show the traveler, where once stood the homes of a free and happy people; from whence cometh it, who is the author of all this hellish- ness, that has made a saturnalia for the North; and David said unto Nathan, "Thou art the man;" you, the mean, whining, prying, hypocritical, white-livered, Negro- stealing, fanatical Yankee, a fit shoot of the round-head English politician, that sang psalms and cut throats, and who would enchain the world, and make it bow the knee in .homage to the British lion and Yankee eagle, who alone seek and destroy their prey, when it is defenseless. 'Tis reported in prison to-day, that Memphis has sur- rendered to the Yankees, and those that are prisoners, hailing from that place, have the " blues." Captain Jeannett, who resigned a handsome field posi- tion, to accept one in the line, where he thought he could be more useful to his cause, is a fine drilled officer, and an ardent supporter of Southern rights. Captain Hall, captured at Fort Donaldson, a thorough gentleman, with one of the best legal minds in prison. Captain Hugh Bedford, a thorough-bred soldier, in bearing, in- formation, and courage. Captain Abe Levy, one of the truest men living, and a score of other Memphians, whom the fortunes of war have cast into prison, are condoling with each other. My friend Lieutenant Jack Wright, of Alpheus Baker's* regiment, "drops in," and says to con- sole us, "Well, Memphians, if old Memphis has gone, 'let her rip.' "f Jack Wright is one of my warmest friends, full of gen- erous promptings, true as steel to his friends,, and as they say, " never flickers " under fire. The surrender * Alpheus Baker, was one of the few officers who improved in his continued service, he was promoted for gallantry, at Baker's Creek, (where he was wouuded,) and in his new position as " brigadier," made a gallant fight, to the close of the war. f The " let Her rip " (letter) of America, is the theta of our language, "show- ing the anarchial tendency of our times, towards violence, rapine and abandon. 264 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. of Memphis, has produced one good result, it has placed us in communication with our loved ones, and furnished us an opportunity to add to our stock of " filthy lucre." Some one has said, " Generals say, go on, Captains say, come on ; the Generals gather laurels, the Captains cy- press ; the former become candidates for the Presidency, the latter for the grave." There is much truth in this, and it does more to demoralize an army, (tins withholding of the award of merit from line-officers,) than the influence of o'er whelming numbers of an enemy. There are four important officers in the service — Generals commanding, colonel, captain, and orderly sergeant ; the others, unless on detached duty, are to a greater or less degree — file- closers. In many instances, the advancement of general officers is promoted by intrigue ; line-officers overlooked through the same influence ; merit is not considered, and the " come on " of the captain is followed ordinarily by death or wounds, rather than promotion. It takes a man of brains, of vast comprehensiveness, and stoical courage, to make a General ; and you may obtain such characters from the " cloister," (as in the case of Bishop Polk, of Louisiana, now one of our most dis- tinguished Generals,) from the "bar," (as in the case of Preston Smith,* of Tennessee,) or from the plow, loom, or anvil, shown in a score of military lights, representing, these different interests. A ten year old boy will make a drill-master, but he would not be prepared for the emergencies of the field, while there are many officers, who would be equal to almost any occasion, yet are sadly defective in the details of drill ; yet of the two evils, the judgment of the one, without drill, is preferable to the knowledge of an expert in Scott or Hardee, without judg- * General Preston Smith was killed near Atlanta, in one of those series of conflicts, between a vastly inferior force of the Confederates, under that great commander, Joseph E. Johnson, (who alone could have managed that won- derful retreat, in the face of an overwhelming foe, from Daltori to Atlanta.) Preston Smith, although educated to the bar, was born a soldier, a strict dis- ciplinarian, courageous to rashness. As an organizer and leader he had few superiors. He was one of the few Generals, who risked the " cypress " to de- serve the "laurel;" and in his death, the Confederacy lost one of her staunch- est supporters^ and the army one of its most valiant soldiers. His last words were : " I have tried to do my duty." SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 265 ment. There are few officers, who are blessed with the happy faculty, of combining these two virtues, so neces- sary to success in military life. Yet, I believe, M'e have one exception in prison, Lieutenant John Childress, of Murfreesboro', Tennessee, who, while having one of the best balanced heads, in our pen, and every mental recpiire- ment for a commander, is one of the best drilled officers in the service ; a gentleman in deportment, genial in his companionship. He is a worthy representative of that distinguished family, from which he sprang. The meanest trick, of all the rascality of some of our custodians, is the purloining of rings, buttons, and other souvenirs, for friends and loved ones, that are daily mailed, and as they pass through the hands of the "sifter's," subordinates, many are extracted before the letters are forwarded. This little, petty thieving is too contemptible for notice, but as a faithful chronicler of the Sir John Froissart school, who says, "In such a grand and noble history (as you like it) as this, of which I, Sir John Froissart, am the author and continuator until this present moment, through the grace of God, and the perseverance he has endowed me with, as well as in length of years, which have enabled me to witness abundance of the things that have passed, it is not right that I forget anything," and as an humble imitator of Sir John, I must not forget any of the many rascalities of our custodians. We have had firing at us by companies from the walls, also individual firing, (at will;) last night it came by platoons. A few officers engaged in playing cribbage. were so unfortunate, as to neglect putting out their lights the moment "taps" sounded, not imagining, that the dereliction of a few moments would be attended with the danger, which they found it was, as a volley came in at the window. Fortunately no one was hit ; but the les- son was heeded, as no mercy could be expected, from men who are merciless. It has been a timely warning to other messes, to furnish not the slightest pretext to our barbarous guard to find fault, with our want of pronnpt and punctual observance of the severe rules of our prison, as 18 266 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. all they desire, is any excuse to murder us, individually or en masse. The arrival of three hundred civilians in prison, has been alluded to in another " scrap." This is another one of those high-handed outrages, that has made the cabal at Washington more notorious, than that lawless ministry of Charles II. What right has that miscreant at Wash- ington, that party ghoul, Edwin M. Stanton, to arrest citizens of a sovereign State, and confine them on the stale bread and blue beef of a prison ? All over the land, American citizens are torn from their hearths and fire- sides, from the cornumnion of their household Gods, their houses searched, no privacy respected, and incarcerated in foul dungeons. Captain T. Harrison Baker is in one of these, (at Fort Lafayette,) manacled. The capitol, at Washington, is filled with the best men of the country, who have been brought there through the instigation of Stanton, and the tinkling of Oily Gammon's (Seward's) little bell. Fort Warren and other bastiles are filling up rapidly, all in the name of Liberty. The three hundred gentlemen, driven into our pen, are among the most dis- tinguished citizens of Kentucky ; Dr. Hobson, Colonel Murray, and other citizens, eminent as ministers of the Gospel, lawyers, physicians, merchants, and farmers. All grades are taken, none spared ; no matter the health, condition, or sex, all must be victims to this infernal tyranny, that is causing the name of American to be looked upon among civilized nations as the synonim of savage. Four months experience in prison, has produced this collection of "scraps," thus conglomerated from the prison table — 'tis true they are not so rare as those that w r ould fall from the china of servres, and I hope my readers will make allowances for tin plates, boiled beef, and sour bread. You can't expect tit-bits from such a source, and if you do, and are disappointed, why, 'tis your misfortune, and want of forethought, not my fault. I expect the work will be run down by its readers, all works are, in fact, there is more matter in it already than I would read of any one's else — therefore, as it will be run down, I'll SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 267 give it a good winding up. Then, again, everybody is winding up — the suttler, the vegetable man, the milk andice man are all winding, and so by way of follow- ing their illustrious example — I'll wind up. Not that I expect half the running down that will be accorded to these honest men, for that would take centuries to wind up, as to their faculties to wind up their affairs, the deponent saith not. I have written the above "scraps" because I have had nothing else to do. I tried to make a ring, and failed, but would have commenced again, (but after looking at a box and a set of chess-men, exquisitely carved and designed, that would take a prize at any fair in the world, made with a tile and knife by Captain Winn, of the Fourteenth Mississippi Regiment, who made it as a souvenir for his mother,) I concluded that talent must be inherent, and I had no talent, mechanically speaking. Captain Winn is a fine officer and a polished gentleman, yet I think he had better turn his attention to the chisel, as his conceptions are wonderful, peculiarly so, when 'tis known that he never had an instrument in his hands before. Finding I could not make anything mechanical, I wondered what I would do to amuse my- self. 'Twas possible to get up a newspaper. Captain Provine, of the " Fulton Telegraph," Fulton, Missouri, and Captain McCranie, of Jackson Parish, Louisiana, both sprightly writers, were willing to join, and with the press gang already alluded to, would have formed a corps that could have entertained, as well as instructed ; but no one led off, and I thought 'twould be no go. So in self-defence, I was compelled to write ' ' scraps, " and offer the accumula- tion to the public, as a memento of how we did, and felt, in prison. I think, 'twill be interesting for future refer- ence for ourselves, because if we get out, (which I hope we will in a short while,) in a few years, we could hardly remember a score of our fellow prisoners, and this little collection will remind us of scenes, and refresh us with more vivid recollections, of what we were in prison. It will also be interesting from the fact that the best blood of the country is within these walls, many men of note, whose names will shine upon the pages of history, in 268 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. time to come. Lieutenant Colonel Wood, (a relation of President Davis, and a son of the surgeon general of the United States,) of the Adam's cavalry, a fearless officer. Captain McDonald, of Nicaragua fame, and a rebel from boyhood. Here we have a nephew of D'Aubigne, a cousin of Beauregard ; Lieutenant Legendre ; the Polk's ; the Pillow's ; the Overton's, of Tennessee. Lawyers and Divines, Senators and Congressmen, are all represented, and a? their future will be more or less interwoven with the history of the Confederacy, I feel that as a book of reference, this little collection may be of some value. I often think, in looking out of my window, seeing men like Major Kavanaugh, stern and inflexible, while engaged in youthful pastimes, how strangely we all act while in prison. Kavanaugh would march on a battery with as much non-challance, as he would light a fresh Havana. It will be interesting, to follow these officers in their future career, and see what bacom es of them. They say we will be exchanged in a few days, and then, Ho I for Dixie. I hope 'twill be so, and that we will all arrive home, safe and sound, that I will publish this little work to the satisfac- tion of my friends, and delight of my enemies. (Oh! that mine enemy might write a book,) and the twelve hundred Confederate officers, who have endured the past incarcera- tion with me, and now with the disposition to get away from this " lake-girt isle" as soon as possible. Accept the salaam of the author, and allow him to say, not "finis," but in prison slang, " well, a good evening." We leave this day, September 1st, 1862, our "lake- girt isle." The guards are coming in, the roll is being- called, "Captain 13., company A, First Alabama, Tennes- see and Mississippi Regiments." The writer responds, and thanks to a kind Providence, steps clear of the "big gate " and stands without the accursed walls of a prison — " A prison, heavens! I loathe the hated name, Famine's metropolis — the siuk of shame, A nauseous sepulchre — whose craving womb Hourly inters poor mortals in its tomb." SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 269 A IVee-born American citizen, confined in a loathsome prison, as a punishment for fighting for freedom and " State rights,"* rights that the intelligent North must admit as the true theory of a republican form of govern- ment. We board the little boat, the line is cast off, and we are once more upon the bosom of Sandusky bay, free from the foul air of a prison, rid of the presence of the miserable wolf of a custodian, and his heartless subordi- nates. It is a glorious feeling to be free, known alone to those who have suffered imprisonment. The sensation is exquisite, and is expressed in laughing eyes, and glow- ing cheeks. My friend, Captain W. R. Butler, of Mur- freesboro', Tennessee, usually calm and reticent, one of the most accomplished soldiers in the Confederate army, is alive with the joyousness of the occasion. Standing, as many of us are, near the ' ' taffrail, " gazing at the island that is now receding rapidly from view, having no regrets, but those engendered by the thought that we leave our * The author is still firm in his belief in the integrity of the principle of State rights, while a republican form of government exists in this country, and if might does make right, in the policy of the fanatical " powers that be," it can- not change one Southern man's opinion, who, while submitting to brute force, and accepting the issues that defeat has forced upon his devoted land, (the South, the Mecca of carpet-baggers and thieves, the scummiest of the scum of the North,) still firmly adheres to not a sentiment but a principle, true and fixed, the sovereignty of the States of a confederation, not a nationality, and in spite of imprisonment, or other decrees of punishment, that the. vultures of fanaticism would fasten upon a citizen of this confederation — (such as the hanging of the innocent Mrs. Surratt ; the manacling of Jefferson Davis ; the arrest and ironing of Ryan, of Arkansas ; the slow torture of American citi- zens on the Dry Tortugas ; and every other conceivable mode of punishment, known to a barbaric tyranny, the writer will ever rigidly adhere to a principle that involves the rights and liberties, not only of the so-called unreconstructed States, but of eaeh and every State in the Union. Messrs. Jacobins, be honest for once, show the cloven foot entire, and give us a monarchy, the term " Republic " is a mis-nomer. You have the despotic disposition, the rapacious, desire, the cruel conception, and criminal action of a Czar's government, without its expressed honesty, you have stamped out with the iron heel of brute force, the liberties of millions of your fellow citizens. Oppression rules the land ; the whistle of the bullet, and the glisten of the knife of the assassin are the only sound and lights, that reverberate and flash o'er the South, aland more pillaged than the historic ravages of the Palatinate. Desolated hearths, fatherless children, outraged women, ignorant and besotted Africans placed in power, the sanctity of the ballot-box invaded, law and order derided, in the name of a republican form of government. Fie, fie, ye Marats and Robespierres, come down from your republican perch, take otf your flimsy disguise, and proclaim a despotism, 'tis what you aim at, so let's have it. The writer has no objections, but is opposed to the deception practiced in the name of liberty, giving us the stalking shadow of a free government, while the substance of a royal despotism is seen behind this skeleton of Radi- calism. 270 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. dead in unhallowed ground, and wondering, that if the "Sandusky Register," and "New York Tribune," were cast into the "bottomless pit," thus nauseating it, could it throw up a fouler combination than the custodians of Johnson's island, and their sympathizers in Sandusky city. " A FAREWELL TO JOHNSON'S ISLAND." Penciled by an unknown hand upon a wall of one of the prison buildings at Johnson's island, it will, doubt- less, prove interesting to those who have been inmates of that prison ; nor will it, it is hoped, fail to strike the eyes and move the hearts oi those who have friends that rest beneath the soil of the lake-girdled isle : "Hoarse sounding billows of the white-capped lake, That 'gainst the barriers of our hated prison break, Farewell ! Farewell thou giant inland sea ; Thou, too, subservest the modes of tyranny, — Girding this isle, washing its lonely shore With moaning echoes of thy melancholy roar, Farewell, thou lake ! Farewell, thou inhospitable land ! Thou hast the curses of this patriot band—. All, save the spot, the holy sacred bed, Where rest in peace our Southern warriors dead ! We left Johnson's island on the 1st day of September, 1862. The morning was ominous of a gloomy trip ; dark and portentous clouds hung loweringly o'er us, and boded storm. The little baggage we possessed, was sent to Sandusky, the day before, where was witnessed a scene of plunder on a scale that would have rivalled the exploits of an Alaric or Atilla. Mercury, the God of thieves, would have been an honest man in Sandusky. They broke open trunks ; many things that were not stolen were damaged, and a perfect spirit of vandalism seemed to actuate the examiners of our baggage, who searched valises for mountain howitzers, and trunks for twenty- four pound parrots, while they would examine pockets for Springfield muskets. We do not hold the United States government re- sponsible * for this outrage, but wish to show that a government must not always be held responsible for the SCRAPS FKOMTHE THISON TABLE. ■ 271 malfeasance of its underlings. I hope the citizens of the North will understand and appreciate the application. We reached Sandusky city, that hole of Abolitionism, and took our respective stations on the cars. Being well seated and comfortable, while waiting for the cars to start, a generous gentleman stepped to the window, (I have forgotten his name,) and handed a bottle of the ardent and a large pound-cake ; said he was a good democrat, and true to his flag, but could not be insulting to prisoners, as most of the citizens of that place were. The next day we arrived at Indianapolis. At this point our traveling sorrows began ; and here, again, was exhibited either the stupidity or rascally meanness of underlings. We were crowded into cattle cars with narrow plank benches, and like a drove of wild animals, were *ushed off. We were on these cars, in this crowded, I may say packed, manner thirty-six hours, and the reader can imagine we would be necessarily ill, sore, bruised. We suffered so much in one or all of these discomforts, and were so covered with filth, that we were piteous objects to behold. Giving way to sleep, I would fall between the narrow apertures that separated the planks, and while one com- panion, who used the weed, would squirt the juice of a bad article of " Old Virginia," in one eye, he being half asleep, another chum would advise me of the fact that he wore boots, by closing my other eye with the heel of one of them. This was all bad enough, and it seemed as though our powers of endurance had been strained to their utmost tension, yet worse treatment was in store for us. Cairo* is reached; a city that has no equal in the number of its bad smells, except, possibly, the city of Cologne as described by some traveler, and, I am sure, that the different qualities of mean whiskey far exceed the number of bad smells. We were immediately driven on board the Choteau, a crazy old tub, and in such a condition that the engineer kindly suggested to us not to shift rapidly in any numbers from one side of the boat to the other, as her boilers were very weak, and an explosion * Cairo, under the press influence, controlled by that prince of editors, John Oberly, Esq., has improved wonderfully since. 272 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. might be the result.. However, they dove-tailed one thousand one hundred and thirty of us, excluding us from ■ the cabin, it being reserved for the guard and the sick. I'll assure the reader it was quite lively, locating one thousand one hundred and thirty men on the outside of an old boat, stowing us on the coal heaps, 'midst the machinery, with one little stove for us all to cook on. It was an outrage of most glaring character, as they coidd have obtained other boats, furnishing us with comfortable transportation. Under the pretence, that we must wait for other prisoners to fill up the convoy, they detained us at Cairo four days and nights, exposed to the broiling sun, rain, and foul air, many of us sick and half-fed, during the sickly season of the year. Again we say, we don't hold the government -responsible, but our treatment from subordinates was frightfully cruel. While here, we saw one of the many evidences of radical inconsistency. I had requested permission of Lieutenant Lennelle, to step to the wharf to speak to some one who had asked for me, when to my astonishment, I saw a brawny-looking speci- men of the Puritan race, laying on unmercifully, with a large horse-whip, to several Negroes who were basking in the sunshine ; he yelling, cursing, and slashing, alter- nately. I turned to Lieutenant Lennelle, whose face was a study for a painter, and asked him if he was not astonished. " Why, captain, that is the grossest outrage I ever saw committed, it is inhuman, I will report that man," said the astonished lieutenant, "and have him punished, if possible." " Lieutenant Lennelle, I never saw a slave, in my years of experience in the South, so brutally beaten, even when convicted of crime, and it seems strange that such a spectacle attracts so little attention in the free State of Illinois. Lieutenant, the slave has "merely changed mas- ters." At last we prepared to depart, and in anticipation of the terrible trip from Cairo to Vicksburg, were sad and dejected, yet there were some master-spirits with us whose energies never flag, and who are ever alive and equal to SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 273 all issues and occasions where the man is called upon, to do, to suffer, or to die, if needs be, for his kind. Among the most active and zealous, being that noble gentleman Captain C. F. Johnson,* of that Old Roman Buckner'sf staff, who chartered a boat, the Diligent, assumed the responsibility of payment, which was two thousand dollars, for accommodations for one hundred passengers. Thanks to the kind offers of my friend Johnson, I was one of the favored. The owner of the boat had recommended her highly, and it was with pleasurable • emotions that we changed from the Choteau, to the Diligent. Although it was painful to leave our comrades on the old Choteau, yet we could not do them any good by remaining, and in- creased their comfort by leaving. It seems to me that if Captain Johnson could have chartered a boat, the authorities could have done the same, showing there was no necessity for herding us like cattle in our own filth, as was the case on the Choteau. I had not a soumarque, but the word of a Confederate soldier in 1862, was good to a brother soldier. Out we steamed into the river, and our tortuous passage began. Gun-boats in front of us, gun-boats in the rear of us, and some six thousand emaciated creatures between them. They said, " many of us looked well !" True, those who had fine constitutions, stood it, but they were " few and far between." Many of the regiment to which I was attached, looked well, yet out of four hundred men led into prison, April the 8th, 1862, over one hundred were taken out feet foremost before September 1st, of the same year, (four months and twenty-one days,) a terrible ratio for men who were so well treated. On getting fairly started, we examined our floating elephant, and found sleeping accommodations for thirty persons, in state-rooms, that had been used a score of trips for the conveyance of wounded and dying soldiers, the effluvia from whose bodies had impregnated every pore in the room, defying a Hercules to cleanse them. I opened the door of one room, but my olfactories rebelled, * Captain Johnson is (now 1868) of the firm Tyler, Johnson & Co., Louis- ville, Kentucky, t Buckner, editing in Louisville, that sterling paper the " Louisville Journal.'' 274 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. and I concluded to sleep on the deck. To regulate matters, straws were drawn ; those sleeping in the state-rooms, eating at the second and third tables ; those on deck, at the first table. Plenty to eat, and lresh air, under exposure is preferable to a foul state-room and a deficiency of aliment We moved on, and in a few days were off Memphis, having had nothing to disturb the monotony of the trip, only the sad spectacle of the burial, at different landings, of the sixty poor fellows who died on the trip ; a terrible bill of mortality, one per cent, in thirteen days. We came to anchor off the Bluff city, on a lovely day in Sep- tember, the bluff's fourth Chickasaw, (that form so beau- tiful a crown for the Egyptian Queen of our modern Nile,) were garnished with the beauty, and fashion of the city. Lovely women and brave men were there to give us wel- come. There were many of the latter, whose hearts were in the cause, who remained at home, for reasons unneces- sary to mention in this connection ; and it had been bet- ter, if many of those who did go into the Confederacy, had followed their example, as too many, who from a sense of pride left their hearths and firesides, to follow in the wake of our armies, or to pitch their social tent in some one of the many distracted circles of the South, did no good, and set the pernicious example of wild spec- ulation, one of the most demoralizing elements of the war ; whereas, had they remained, they could have ren- dered much service, in ameliorating the condition of prisoners, and assisting the families of those whose pro- tectors were in the army. I with others, who had loved ones in Memphis, was anxious to reach the shore. Hour after hour passed, and no prospect of our desire being gratified. At last a small skiff was seen to leave the shore, the occupant rowing for the steamer we w T ere on. He soon reached the boat, and we- found 'twas a news-boy, with the daily papers. While those who had eagerly purchased them, were reading them with avidity, I changed my military coat for one of linen, loaned me by that generous gentleman, Lieutenant George Martin, of the artillery, and walked quietly down to the boiler-deck, where I found Lieutenant " Si" Hay- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 275 man in citizen's dress, conversing with the news-boy ; in a few moments Hayman jumped into the boat, and I fol- lowed, the boy quietly remonstrating. I told him, to hand me the oars, take his seat in the stern, and with Hayman in the bow, I pulled for the shore, reaching it at the foot of Beale street, about twenty feet from one of the enemy's mortar-boats ; gave the boy the only half- dollar I had, and walked up the street, meeting a host of friends, while en route for the Gayosa hotel, my objective point on landing. Under the influence of a famous cate- rer of the time, Frank Madden's combinations, I was enabled to withstand the flood of friendly greetings, that well-nigh o'erwhelmed me. Memphis was alive, and the blood of her generous heart was coursing through Colonel John Martin, Captain Ad. Storm, Colonel Samuel P. Walker, F. L. Warner, Colonel J. Knox Walker,* and many others, who were running to and fro, dealing out money and other necessaries, with the liberality that none but the generous can appreciate. The Confederate prisoners who were in that fleet, will never forget those whole-hearted men, or thev posterity. Even children were carried away by the promptings of generosity. One little girl in particular, poorly clad and bare-footed, with a basket of apples on her arm, when asked the price of them by a soldier, replied, " Nothing to Confederate soldiers ;" and, suiting the action to the word, threw basket and contents into the crowd. For one, I can never forget the material courtesies extended me, by Samuel P. Walker, Ad. Storm, Frank Hyde, John Johnston, and John A. Henry. While lying at the wharf, as some of the boats had come in for coaling and other purposes, one of those * Colonel J. Knox Walker was one of the most courtly gentlemen I ever knew. His ('ailing: health compelled him to leave the service of the cause he loved bo well, (but his heart was in it.) He was eminent, as a politician and financier, and one of the. most genial gentlemen the South ever produced. I can almost hear his ringing laugh, as "we parted, while he hummed: " If you get there before I do. Tell them I'm a coming to." But the gallant Walker had too great a soul for a frail body, and he has gone to that land, where the curses of a vandal foe are not heard. Peace to his ashes ! 276 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. seeming inconsistencies in the character and conduct of our custodians was exhibited. Captain Wash Gordon, of Tennessee, was on board of one of the boats, quite ill, from a disease contracted at Cairo, during our exposure at that place, and desired to be left at Memphis until convalescent, confident that the trip to Vicksburg would kill him ; which it did, he dying a few days after our ar- rival at that port. His request was urged by some of the most influential citizens of the place, added to the impor- tunity of his sister, Mrs. Sarah C. Law, of whom we have spoken previously, yet the authorities sternly refused, while at the same time indulgencies were granted in less deserving cases. There were Federal officers stationed at Memphis, who were kind to our people, while in the faithful discharge of duty to their government, and the names of Chetlain and Hoge, should ever be kindly remembered. We left Memphis in a storm of cheers and tears, 'midst the waving of handkerchiefs and the God-speed of thou- sands of sympathizing hearts. On arriving at Helena, General Steele, commanding that department, came on board to visit Colonel Wood, of Louisiana, a West Point classmate, who had the bearing that education and gentle association alone can furnish. We are off again for Vicksburg, nothing to enliven us except now and then the appearance of a contraband, who would emerge from the woods with all his worldly effects in a handkerchief, and with a woe-begone look, signal the gun-boat to stop for him, finding we would not, would retire sulkily to cover. On the 17th day of September, 1862, ever memorable to the Confederate soldiers who formed that human cargo of that fleet, thirteen days on the river, making seventeen from Johnson's island, a trip that should have been made in five days, were means used for our destruction, whether the object was accomplished or not. At last, we stepped on shore in Dixie. How different from the few months before, not a drum beat, bugle blast, nor cheer heard, not a flag unfurled, or a handkerchief waved ; it rained in torrents, I had handed my overcoat to my bed-fellow, SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 277 at Johnson's island, Captain John Farabe,* of Shelby county, Tennessee, and hence, got a thorough soaking, yet trudged on from wharf to town, through the mnd of Vicksbnrg. It was a gloomy time, no enemy to stimulate ns from without, and none to stimulate us within, and no shelter, but at intervals, a friendly shed. Six thousand soldiers, with the blues, were adrift at Yicksburg, on a rainy day ; the citizens had fed soldiers until they had nothing more to give, and self-preservation had become a law of nature, yet our troops did not force themselves on any one, they fought for their hearths and firesides, without bounty, pay, half-clad, hungry and suffering, yet they were subordinate to moral and social rights. On wandering around the streets in search of shelter, I noticed the name of A. Gennella, on one of the many signs in the commercial part of the city. This gentleman, one of Vickburg's most hospitable sons, had known my father in my school-boy days, and recognizing me, like a good Samaritan, cared for me and my two friends, Colonel Henderson and Captain Bibb, of the Fortieth Tennessee, who will join me in grateful remembrance of the generous hospitality of A. Gennella, and his estimable family. Our orders were to report to General Tilghman,f at Jackson. On arriving at the depot, we attempted to mount the platform of the car, when the guard halted us. " Can't go to Jackson on this train, captain." " Why not, sergeant ?" " Against orders, captain." Remonstrances were of no avail, and Iturned to leave, when an old sergeant in my first company, (the Gayoso Guards,) Charlie Lay, accosted me. Fortunately for me, he commanded the guard, and obtained me a seat in the car. Charlie Lay is a genial, generous fellow, earned his promotion honestly, and wears his honors most becomingly. After a few hour's ride, passed in pleasant conversation with the gallant Colonel Heiman, of the Tenth Tennessee, who occupied the seat with us, the sonorous tones of the conductor announced "Jackson." We take quarters at the * Captain Farabe died at his home, in Marshall county, Mississippi, in f Tilghman killed at the battle of Baker's Creek. 1866. 278 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Dixon house. Here we find Colonel Jim Jackson, General William H. Carrol,* Colonel Autry, Major John Dean, and "Uncle" Jimmy Hewitt, (as he was familiarly called.) Colonel Jim Jackson is as well known in the South, particularly in North Alabama, as " Old Hickory" himself. He was badly wounded at Manassas, but saved his life by giving a Federal soldier his watch to carry him out of reach of shot and shell. Jackson is one of the few men whose courage is never questioned under any circumstances. Colonel Autry commanded the Twentieth Mississippi, and was a meritorious officer. Colonel H. W. Walter, General Bragg' s assistant adjutant general, was also at the Dixon house, possessing one of the finest legal minds in the South, which added to his military abilities, render him a worthy counsellor of the inflexible Bragg. I reported to General Tilghman, one of the most distinguished officers furnished the South by the " dark and bloody ground," during the war, and to him and hi* aid-de-camp, Captain George Moorman, an officer every way worthy of the confidence of the courteous Tilghman, I was indebted for a twenty days' leave of absence, (an exception to the rule.) On the strength of which I left for Richmond, seeking promotion not at the " cannon's mouth," but through lobby influence at the capitol. On reaching Charlotte, North Carolina, we found no trains left until the following evening, as they observe the Sabbath in that State. Four o'clock, the next afternoon, found us at the depot in company with Major Greene, of the Fifty-sixth Virginia, who, like myself, was anxious to reach Richmond. We attempted an entrance into the car, and were checked by the guard, who referred us to his commanding officer, Major Inge, who, with his battalion, was on his way to the front via. Richmond. I appealed to the major, but for the time uselessly. " I would like to accommodate you, captain, but can't * General Carroll died in exile, in Montreal, Canada, in 1868, a victim to Brownlow's tyranny, while he had when in power, this wretch treated with great kindness. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 279 consistently, do it. I pressed these cars for my battalion, and there is barely standing room for them." " But, major, I must go on to Richmond, I am acting under orders." By this time Inge became excited, and closed his remarks with an expletive, in response to which, I said with a severity of expression — "Let me tell you, Major Inge, in refusing me a seat you have done yourself and the service, a grievous wrong." In passing through Augusta, Georgia, I purchased two bottles of the best " peach and honey" produced in that State, and as a " quid pro quo" for your contumacy, not one drop of the oleaginous fluid will " whet your whistle." "By George, captain," says Inge, " you shall have my seat, sir. I think I have seen you somewhere before. You must excuse my abruptness, but I have been so annoyed to-day, that I have overlooked some of the cardinal points in military etiquette. Come in, let me introduce you to Colonels Peyton and Foreshay, the former from Virginia, and who was promoted from the ranks to a majority, for gallantry at the first Manassas ; the latter, a Texan, and one of the most accomplished officers of the engineer corps." I found Major Inge one of the most companionable gentleman I ever met, and am sure he makes a good officer. Moral. In traveling, there is no stronger card of introduction than f/uod spirits. On arriving at the capital, we stopped at the American hotel, finding things sadly changed for the worst in the morale of the Confederacy. Carrington, the proprietor, advising us, when we dined, to take our hats to the table with us, as sixteen had been feloniously abstracted the day previous. Among the first notables met in our promenade, was General Jeff Thompson, of Missouri. After passing the compliments of the day, I remarked : " General, I don't like to bring up unpleasant remi- niscences, knowing you to be an advocate of ' temperance reform,' but on my first introduction to you, at the Gayoso hotel, Memphis, Tennessee, by the Honorable John Park, mayor at that time, (and one of the most sensible ones 280 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. she ever had,) we indulged in three consecutive cock- tails?" " So-so," says Jeff, "and to show you I've not forgotten the taste, come to my room at Ballard's," to which place we adjourned. In spite of what may be said of his idiosyn yobi crasies, he was a tower of strength to the Confederacy. The next notable we met was Captain T. Harrison Baker, of the ill-fated privateer " Savannah." Captain Baker was in Fort Lafayette and elsewhere, fourteen months. He is a regular "old salt," frank and fearless, and a fine commander, and the city of Charleston may well be proud of her distinguished son. We again move on, steering for the war department, inflated with anticipations of promotion. On reaching the entrance to the capitol building, we enjoy the sight of one of our warmest friends, Colonel B. D. Harman. Harman made character in Mexico, as a splendid cavalry officer, and was colonel of the First Confederate infantry, now consolidated ; one of the most popular officers in Richmond, and is true to Ins friends. We finish our business at the war department,) thanks to the courtesy of Colonel Burton N. Harrison, private secretary to the President,) to our satisfaction, and make our exit. In the vestibule, we meet Captain John T. Shirley, of gun-boat notoriety. Shirley was one of the most indefatigable men in the service. He took the con- tract for building the famous ram "Arkansas," afterwards commanded by Captain Isaac N. Brown, formerly a lieutenant in the United States navy, and which ran the gauntlet of the enemy's fleet at Vicksburg, a courageous performance that redounds to his credit. Some of the most pleasant moments of my life, have been spent in the society of John T. Shirley, whose genial companionship •is still fresh in my memory. One of Shirley's aids in his gunboat operations, was Captain D'Haven. This officer is from that down-trodden State, Missouri; was the first steamboatman that raised the Confederate flag on the Mississippi river ; has been a great sufferer for our cause, is to the manor born, and as a friend and companion, SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 281 stands par-excellence in any social circle. As we reach our hotel, we find ourselves grasped by the hand with a grip as few men possess like Captain Marsh Miller. Miller was captain of the improvised gun-boat Grampus, He was a nervously energetic officer, and did the cause much good at Columbus, Island Ten, and New Madrid. After paying our board, we found that we hadn't sufficient to purchase emblems for our increasing rank, involving an expense of five dollars for two stars. I called at the paymaster's department, and saw a very discouraging sign pendant, " no funds to-day," which many brother officers will remember, whose daily attendance was greeted with the same ominous characters. Finding my friend, St. Clair, was a clerk in the department, and explaining my case to him, he introduced me to his chief, Major John M. Mason, son of the distinguished diplomat John M. Mason, of Louisina, who, appreciating the urgency of my case, furnished me with the desired funds. Charley St. Clair was Judge of the Supreme Court of Utah. Under the auspices of Albert Sidney Johnson, he was also a member of the Virginia legislature. Charley St. Clair had too much sentiment to combat the jagged points of life, and any dereliction of moral duty resulted more from impulse than confirmed principle of error. After being flushed with funds, and armed with a letter of introduction from the Honorable G. A. Henry, of Ten- nessee, to the Secretary of State, Judah P. Benjamin, I presented myself to that gentleman. My mission was unsuccessful, as my crime of having been a delegate to the Bell and Everett convention, at Baltimore, could not be palliated by my past services. Benjamin showed his fine teeth, gave me a politician's smile, and bowed me out. As my leave of absence had nearly expired, I left Richmond. On arriving at Knoxville, learning that the troops were falling back from Kentucky, I concluded to remain in Knoxville, hoping that I might meet some of my old companions in arms, in which desire I was very fortunate. General Preston Smith,* one of the bravest * General Smith killed, during the celebrated Georgia campaign, from Dal- ton to Atlanta. 19 282 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON *TABLE. officers in the army ; Colonel Milton A. Haynes, military commandant of the post, a West Pointer, of enlarged military views. Knoxville was surfeited with troops. Had it not been for Colonel Ed. Dyer, paymaster for McCowan's division, and his staff, it is possible I might have quartered in the streets. Captain Charlie Smith, his chief assistant ; James Armour, and the Good Friday of the department, Major Jim Torrey,* the "old chief," as the buys called him. Jim Torrey is called a desperate man ; but I have seen his good feelings express themselves on one occasion, and owe him an everlasting debt of gratitude, for his kind attentions to a sick family on another, when it was trou- blesome to be attentive to the wants of others. It would be impossible for me, to mention all the friends I met in Knoxville. General M. J. Wright,f formerly of the One Hundred and Fifty-fourth Senior Regiment, Tennessee Volunteers. Marcus J.' Wright, is a self-made man, and most eminently deserves the position his en- ergies have enabled him to attain. Colonel J. C. Cole, Fifth Confederate Regiment, Henry, Nelson, and Bob Bowles Rucker, of Island Ten notoriety, Major Ed. Austin, of New Orleans, and many other gallant soldiers, whose march of seven hundred miles on that unsuccessful campaign, had fatigued, but not dispirited, were coursing through the streets, trying to make the most of the rest that the halt at Knoxville, had permitted them to enjoy the streets of the little city, were a perfect jam, so much so, that pedestrianism for civilians was uncomfortable. To relieve the pressure, General Bragg issued an order, that no one under the rank of Brigadier-General, should appear on the street, without a written permit, and Lieutenant Waddell, with a squad of cavalry, was ordered to clear the streets. I was conversing with Captain Charles Bradley, of the quarter-master's department, when I saw the cavalry coming. Bradley remarked : * Jim Torrey, the " oid chief," resides in Memphis. t General M. J. Wright, farming near Memphis, Tennessee. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 283 " Step in the door, and after they pass, we will go out again." Every soldier in Knoxville seemed instinctively to do the same, crowding into every available opening in the city, reappearing as the guard disappeared in the distance. Several similar efforts were made with equal success. That army that contained eighteen hundred barefooted soldiers, prostrated with their late disastrous move- ment into Kentucky, and a majority of them without blankets, the ground being covered with snow, were not in a condition to submit to military orders that were cruel, as well as inexpedient. Major Dick Wintersmith, one of the best business men in the army in his depart- ment, of unquestioned courage, a full-blooded Kentuckian, connected with one of the oldest families in the State, and who, I think could have filled one cabinet office at Richmond, better than the incumbent, was the last friend whose hand I shook on leaving Knoxville, October 17, 1863. After passing the night with Lieutenant Hutch- inson, of the Southern Guards of Memphis, in the attie of a building well ventilated, as one of the gable ends was knocked out, this added to our other discomforts, enabled us to leave Knoxville with but few regrets. On arriving at Jackson, Mississippi, reported with my increased rank to General Pemberton, who ordered me to report, by letter, to Richmond. The post at Jackson was commanded by Lieutenant-colonel Gus. Fonte, who, although not an experienced military commander, adapt- ed himself to the necessities of the position, and made a popular officer. At last, through the influence of Hon- orable S. R. Mallory, I was transferred to the bureau of conscription, and appointed Inspector-General for the department of Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, and East Louisiana, where I am for the present, Micawber- like, waiting for something to turn up. m APPENDIX. TO THE YOUTH OF THE SOUTH. When the charge is made, that your fathers treated their prisoners badly, read this to their false accusers : That in a country tilled with supplies, and with boundless resourcess, out of five thousand and twenty-five (5,025) Confederates, imprisoned in Elmira, in the spring of 1865, thirteen hundred and eleven (1,311) died in four months, a bill of mortality, not exceeded by the " Black Hole of Calcutta." The following is official : "THE KEBEL PRISONERS AT ELMIRA. "A paragraph has been going the rounds of the Repub- lican press, as follows : " 'From the records of the Elmira prison, which were taken to Washington, for use in the Surratt trial, it is found that during the spring of 1865. 5,025 rebel prison- ers were confined here during that time, and that only six deaths occurred in three months.' "The Elmira 'Gazette' corrects this statement, and gives the figures to prove its falsity. That paper has taken pains to ascertain the facts, and finds that of that number confined at that place, during the spring of 1865, viz : 5,025, there'were during the three months 884 deaths — a slight discrepancy of 878 ! In March, the number of deaths was 495 ; in April, 265 ; in May, 124 ; making a total of 884. And if February was included, which gives 426 more, the total for four months will be 1,311 ! Much has been said concerning the mortality of Union soldiers in Southern prisons, but such a record should awaken inquiry at home." — Buffalo " Courier." 288 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Tell them that at camp Douglas, on lake Michigan, in the depth of winter, six (6) blankets were issued to one hundred and sixty (160) men, and that dogs and rats were daily eaten. Tell them, that at Point Lookout, that your fathers were guarded by Negroes, who shot at them as they would at game. That there was one stove to ten thousand (10,000) men ; and many froze to death, from lying on the bare ground, without a blanket. Tell them, that at camp Douglas prisoners were tied up by the thumbs, (in one instance, that of the gallant John D. Levett, afterwards Captain Levett,) for three hours, for slight infractions of the oppressive rules of the prison. Tell them, that in all the prison pens of the North, many of the custodians of those sinks of oppression, allowed atro- cities to be committed, at the recital of which the heart of civilization revolts. I append compilations, from official and other reliable data, which, I hope, every true child of the South — who love their ancestry and their heroic deeds — will read carefully, and when the lying historian, of a fanatical party, speaks of the so-called horrors of Andersonville, let the youth of the South know, that it is written, to hide the cruelties, practiced by our enemies upon Confederate prisoners. In every large prison at the North, cruelty was systematically practiced for the purpose of forcing prison- ers to take the oath of allegiance to the Federal government, or, in case of their refusal, of enfeebling their health to such an extent as to rendei them unfit for military service, on their return to the South. The treatment of some of the prisoners .was so severe, that when they were taken from the cells, the blood gushed from their ears. Sometimes prisoners,- thinly clad, were removed long distances from one prison to another, in the coldest weather. No provisions were takpn for them, and be- nevolent people along the route were forbidden to give them either food or clothino;. On such occasions laro-e numbers of the wretched sufferers died in the cars ; but they gained a happy release. No one can read the accounts of the treatment of Southern prisoners, in most y G-O-' c-o- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 289 of the large prisons at the North, without feeling- that those who died soonest were the most favored. At camp Douglas, on lake Michigan, during an intensely cold spell in the winter of 1862, when icicles hung from the roof of the prison, within two inches of the stove pipe, and the breath froze on the beards of the prisoners, six blankets were isssued to about 160 men- — the only blankets issued during the winter. Few of those detailed to bring in fuel returned without being frost-bitten ; many were brought back insensible, or in a helpless condition; some had their arms frozen stiff around the wood and could not open them. The food was very scanty, and rats and dogs were eaten whenever they could be procured. "Men," says one prisoner, "talk of the horrors of Andersonville. If those who now sleep on the shores of Lake Michigan could tell the story of their sufferings, Andersonville would appear as a paradise in comparison." In one instance when a negro guard had shot into a crowd of over two hundred Southern prisoners, at Point Lookout, without provocation, killing and wounding five men, the officer of the day, in presence of the prisoners, told him when his ammunition gave out to let him know, and he would furnish more. Men were frozen to death by being forced to sleep on the ground with only one blanket and no fire. The rations were just enough to keep soul and body together. "The fiendish brutality practiced by the Fifth Massachusetts Cavalry, on the defenseless unfortunates at this post, can never be forgot- ten or forgiven." "I was a prisoner for eight long months," says one man, "and the sufferings I witnessed during that time, I never before had any conception of. I am told by those who experienced the tortures of Fort Delaware, that they were still worse." Tying up by the thumbs was a punishment practiced daily at Fort Delaware, for the slightest infraction of prison rules ; men were frequently tied up in this way for two and three hours at a time. At eight o'clock every morning, one small piece of mixed corn and wheat bread, and about an ounce of salt, were issued to each prisoner. 290 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. The same quantity was issued at two o'clock, with the addition of a pint of filthy soup. This was all they had. A poor boy from Charlottesville, Virginia, was shot dead for throwing some water from a cup out of a window of the barracks. One stove was all that was allowed about ten thousand men in the coldest winter months. A lieu- tenant, for a very slight offense, was ordered by General Schoepf, to have his hands manacled behind his back, and to be hung up by his elbows. He was kept hanging, until he fainted, from excruciating agony. A surgeon was detailed, to watch the operation, and to replace the shoulders of the unfortunate sufferer, when they became dislocated. This was repeated several times, after which the prisoner was placed in solitary confinement for ten days. The corpses of prisoners were sold, and bodies taken from the graves, for the use of medical colleges and surgeons. "In reply to a resolution of the House of Representa- tives, says the Washington "Union," calling upon the Secretary of War, for the number of prisoners of either side held, and that died during the war, he makes the following report: Number of Union prisoners South, 261,000; number of Confederate prisoners North, 200,000; number of Union prisoners died, 22,576; number of Confederate prisoners died, 26,535. Out of 261,000 Union Prisoners, 22,500 died. The Union prisoners exceeded the Confederate prisoners 61,000, yet the deaths of the Union prisoners fell below those of the Confederate prisoners six thousand. Two Yankee prisoners died out of every twenty-three, in Southern pens. Two Confederate prisoners died out of every fifteen, in Northern pens. It is due to the truth of history and to the cause of the Southern Confederacy, that these figures published by the authority of the United States Secretary of War, Mr. Stanton, should be widely circulated. From them we learn that, .although the Southern Confederacy had more Northern prisoners in its hands, than the Northern Gov- ernment had of Southern prisoners, the mortality in the Northern prisons was more than twice as great as in the SCRArS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 291 Southern. It is thus that facts and figures disprove the the violent calumnies which were set afloat in a time of passion, regarding the treatment of Union prisoners by the Southern government and its agents. The reader will not readily forget the shocking charges which were made during the war, not only against such men as Cap- tain Wirz, but against high-minded, honorable, christian men, like Mr. Jefferson Davis, himself. Had these stories been true, they would necessarily show a large! y disproportionately excess of mortality in Southern prisons. The official records — not of the Southern States, be it remembered, but of the Northern States, show that the death rate was much greater in the North, than in the South. We do not pretend to say that there were not hard- ships, nay, grevious sufferings experienced in both the Northern and Southern pens. To say this, would be to say what was not the case. But it is evident that if the results are to be taken, as indicating the character of the treatment received, and we think they may be very fairly so taken, the Northern prisoners in the hands of the Con- federacy were treated more leniently, than were the Southerners who had the misfortune to fall into the hands of their Northern oppressors. Assuming that the mode of treatment was the same in the North as in the South, the death rate in the Southern prisons ought to have been greater than in the Northern. For it is an in- disputable fact that a Northern man will naturally suffer more in a Southern climate, than a Southern man will in a Northern climate. Besides, during the war, the Northern Government experienced no want of wholesome pro- visions wherewith to feed the prisoners who fell into their hands, if they had intended to treat them well, whilst the Confederacy was not so highly favored. Taking all these circumstances together, they go to show, that without the exercise of any extraneous influence, the mortality in the South, ought to have been much greater than in the North. That the opposite was the case — and to a very great extent too — must be taken as uttterly disproving the charges of wanton cruelty against the South, which 292 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. were so common at the time, and which, grossly exagger- ated by artistic imagination, helped to disfigure the pic- torial columns of "Harper's Weekly." We would have allowed this subject to slumber on, as it has been doing lately, were it not for the publication of the official figures, which come so opportunely, to relieve every resident of the Southern States, whether man or woman, whether abroad or at home, of the opprobrium which interested parties have sought to cast upon them, by the circulation of the most glaring falsehoods; and be- cause even now, Radical sheets in the Northern States, do not hesitate to fling the accusation in the face of Mr. Jefferson Davis, with a view of influencing public opinion against him, whilst he is retained in custody, and, of course, debarred from replying to the falsehoods. Im- partial history will record that the Southern people fought their cause with a nobleness of conduct, which did them honor. They fell, but falling could say in the memorable words of another people, who, like themselves, had striven, but in vain, for independence, "All is lost save honor." There was no fouler charge made against the Southern people, than that of having cruelly treated Northern prisoners. By the mouths of their enemies have they been fully vindicated. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 298 TREATMENT OF JEFFERSON DAVIS. The following account of the treatment of the Presi- dent of the late Confederate States, Jefferson Davis, by a so-called civilized government, is without a parallel in the history of civilization. Louis Napoleon, (after his two failures at invasion of his own country, from a foreign shore at Boulogne and Strasburg,) while confined at Ham, was treated in a manner, becoming his distinguished social position. Lafayette, during his five years' confinement at Olmutz, received deferential consideration at the hands of his jailors. Since time immemorial, State prisoners have received from all governments, no matter how bar- barous, gentle treatment, until trial— but in the United States of America, a party of fanatics in power, have been led to the commission of unconstitutional and inhuman acts, that causes any conservator of peace and morals, to blush for his countrymen ; their criminal abuses being so palpable — as in the case of Jefferson Davis, who has not been brought to trial, simply from the fact, that his acquittal, (a settled fact before an impartial jury,) would result in the establishment of the principle of State rights, and show to the world, that the late crusade against the South, was an Abolition raid, into which many honest men were led, imagining they were fighting for the integ- rity and orflmess of the Union. "MANACLED. " Stop, soldier, stop ! this cruel act Will ring through all the land, Shame on the heart that planned the deed ! Shame on the coward hand 294 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. That drops the sword of justice bright To grasp these iron rings ! On them, not me, dishonor falls, To them this dark shame clings.. " Manacled? O, my God ! my God ! Is this a christian land ? And did our countries ever meet And grasp each other's hand ? O, Mexico ! on thy red fields I battled 'midst the fray ; i My riflemen, with steady aim. Won Buena Vista's day. " Manacled ! far down the South Let this one word speed fast, My country, thou hast borne great wrongs, But this, the last, the last, Will send a thrill through thy high heart, Despair will spurn control, And these hard irons pressing here Will enter thy proud soul. "Manacled! O, word of shame! Ring it through all the world ! My countrymen, on you, on you, This heavy wrong is hurled. We flung our banners to the air ; We fought as brave men fight ; Our battle-cry rang through the land ; Home ! liberty ! and right ! "Manacled ! For this I am here. Clanking the prisoner's chain. We fought — and nobly did we fisht — We fought, but fought in vain ; Down in that billowy sea of blood Went all our jewels rare, And Hope rushed wailing from the scene And took herself to prayer ! "Manacled! manacled! Words of woe, But words of greater shame ; I've that within me which these wrongs, Can never,' never tame ; And standing proud in conscious worth, I represent my land, And that Lost Cause for which she bled, Lofty, heroic, grand!" SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 295 HOW MR. DAVIS WAS IMPRISONED AT FOR- TRESS MONROE. TJie Ironing Business — The True Relation of Facti STATEMENT OP EVENTS CONNECTED WITH THE FETTERING OP JEF- FERSON DAVIS, WHEN A PRISONER AT FORTRESS MONROE, AS DERIVED FROM, AND VERIFIED BY THE PRISONER AND AN OFFI- CER OF THE DAY. INCORRECTNESS OF CRAVEN S BOOK. When Jefferson Davis was brought a captive to For- tress Monroe, he was confined in a gun-room of a case- mate, the embrasure of which was closed with a heavy- iron grating, and the doors which communicated with the gunner's room were closed with heavy double shutters, fastened with cross bars and padlocks. The side openings had been closed up with fresh masonry, the plastering of which was soft to the touch, the top being an arch to support the earth of the parapet. Two sentinels, with muskets loaded and bayonets fixed, paced to and fro across this small prison. Two other sentinels and a com: misssioned officer occupied the gunner's room, the doors and windows of which were strongly secured. The officer of the day had the key of the outer door, and sentinels were posted on the outer pavement in front of it. There were also sentinels on the parapet overhead. The em- brasure looked out on the west ditch, say sixty feet wide, the water in which was probably from seven to ten feet deep, the scarp and counterscarp revetted with dressed masonry. « Beyond the ditch, on the glacis, was a double chain of sentinels, and in the casemate rooms, on each side of the prison, were quartered that part of the guard which was not on post. Borne down by privation, over exertion and exposure, he was in no condition, when thrown into prison, to resist 296 SCRAPS PROM THE PRISON TABLE. exciting causes of disease. The clamp walls, the food too coarse and bad to be eaten, the deprivation of sleep, caused by the tramping of sentries around the iron cot, the LigHt of the lamp, which shone full upon it, the loud cal- ling of the roll, when another relief was called out, the noise of unlocking the doors, the tramp of the sentinels, who came to relieve those on post, produced fever, and rapidly wasted his strength. Without mechanical aid, though his efforts were not interrupted, no one could have removed the grating from the embrasure. If that had been done, and any one could have swam across the ditch, and climbed up the revetment on the opposite side, which was doubtful, he then would have encountered the sentinels on the glacis. The circumstances, together with many manifestations, indicating feeling towards him, led him to the conclusion, that it was not the belief that these things were necessary to prevent his escape, but a pur- pose to offer an indignity, to inflict physical pain, and perhaps to deprive him of life. On the 23d of May, 1865, the officer of the day, Cap- tain J. Titlow, of the Third Pennsylvania artillery, came into his prison with two blacksmiths, bearing a pair of heavy leg irons coupled together by a ponderous chain. Captain Titlow, in a manner fully sustaining his w'ords, informed him that with great personal reluctance, he came to execute an order to put irons upon him. Mr. Davis asked whether General Miles had given that order, and on being answered in the affirmative, said he, wished to see General Miles. Captain Titlow replied that he had just left General Miles, who w r as leaving the fort. Mr. I >avis then asked that the execution of the order should be postponed until General Miles returned. Captain Titlow said his orders would not permit that, and that to an old soldier it was needless to say that an officer was bound to execute an order as it w r as given to him. Mr. Davis told him that it was too obvious, that there could be m necessity for the use of such means to render his imprisonment secure ; and on Captain Titlow's repeating that his duty was to execute his orders, Mr. Davis said it was not such an order as a soldier could give, or should SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 297 receive, and he would not submit to it ; that it was evi- dently the intention to torture him to death ; that he would never tame.' v be subjected to indignities by which it was sought in his person to degrade the cause of which he was a representative. The officer of the day with evi- dent kind feeling endeavored to dissuade him from resis- tance. The officer of the guard came in from the front room with the officer of the day, to induce him to yield. It was needless to show what was very apparent, that re- sistance could not be successful, and Mr. Davis' answer was that he was " a soldier and a gentleman, that he knew how to die," and pointing to the sentinel who stood ready, said, " let your men shoot me at once." He faced round with his back to the wall, and stood silently waiting. His quiet manner led the officer to suppose that no resistance would be made, and therefore the blacksmiths were di- rected to do their work. As one of them stooped down to put on the fetters, Mr. Davis slung him off so violently as to throw him on the floor ; he recovered and raised his hammer to strike, but the officer of the day stopped him ; simultaneously one of the sentinels cocked and lowered his musket, advancing on the prisonar, who had turned to encounter his assailant, and thus did not see the purpose of the blacksmith. Captain Titlow T saw the new danger, and promptly interposed, telling the sentinels that they were not to lire. Ordered the officer of the guard to bring in four of the strongest men of the guard without firearms, for the purpose of overcoming by muscular strength the resistance which was threatened. Mr. Davis had nothing with which to defend himself, even his pen-knife having been previously taken from him. The contest was brief, and ended in his being thrown down, four men being on his body and head. He could not see the blacksmiths when they approached to put on the irons, but feeling one of them, he kicked him off from him against the wall. The smith recover- ed, and witli the aid which the other men could give him, succeeded in the second attempt to rivit one fetter, and secure the padlock which held the other. Mr. Davis scornfully asked his assailants if thev "called" 20 298 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. themselves "soldiers," and said "the shame is yours, not mine." The object being effected, the officer of the day withdrew the men lie had brought in. The prisoner lay down on the cot, covered his ironed limbs with the blanket, and felt only more intense contempt for the brutality with which he was treated than when a few minutes before he had announced his belief that he was to be tortured to death, and detied the power which at- tempted to degrade him. Of the dramatic account pub- lished in Dr. Craven's book, he said it could not have been written by one who either knew the facts, or had such personal knowledge of him as to form a just idea of what his conduct would be under such circumstances. The fact (he added) was that very little was said either by Captain Titlow or by himself, and that whatever was said, was uttered in a very quiet and practical manner. For himself he would say, he was too resolved, and too proudly conscious of his relation to a sacred, though unsuccessful cause, for such acclamations and manifesta- tions as were imputed to him by Dr. Craven's informant, and given to the public in his books. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE 299 THE MURDERED WIRZ. LETTER OF LOUIS SCHADE, ESQ. The youth of the South will consider the facts so truth- fully presented in the following letter of Louis Schade, esq., that eminent counsellor, which proves that our late beloved chief was innocent of any participation in the so- called atrocities of Andersonville, and that the murdered Wirz was more sinned against than sinning. The author knows that on one occasion, that when passing the depot while the sick Federal prisoner was being removed from the cars, that the persecuted and murdered Wirz, did assist in lifting a sick man in his own arms, and in this connec- tion permit the writer to say, that no people on the earth have ever treated prisoners as cruelly as the Abolition fanatics of the North, and no prisoners have been treated with more humanity (so far as compatible, with the capa- city of the government) than the Federal prisoners in Con- teclerate prisons : Intending to leave the United States for some time, I feel it my duty, before I start, to fulfil in part a promise which, a lew hours before his death, I gave to my unfor- tunate client, Captain Wirz, who was executed at Wash- ington, on the 10th day of November, 1865. Protesting up to the last moment his innocence of those monstrous crimes with which he was charged, he received my word, that, having failed to save him from a felon's doom, I would, as long as I lived, do everything in my power to 300 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. clear his memory. I did that the more readily, as I was then perfectly convinced that he suffered wrongfully. Since that time, his unfortunate children, both here and in Europe, have constantly implored me to wipe out the terrible stains which now cover the name of their father. Though the times do not seem propitious for obtaining full justice, yet, considering that man is mortal, I will, before Entering upon a perilous voyage, perform my duty to those innocent orphans, and also to myself. I will now give a brief statement of the causes which led to the arrest and execution of Captain Wirz. In April, 1865, President Johnson issued a proclamation stating that from evidence in the possession of the "Bureau of Mili- tary Justice," it appeared that Jefferson Davis was im- plicated in the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, and for that reason the President offered a reward of 100,000 on the capture of the then fugitive ex -President of the South- ern Confederacy. That testimony has since been found to be entirely false and a mere fabrication, and the sub- orner, Conover, is now under sentence in the jail of this city, the two perjurers, whom he suborned, having turned State evidence against him, whilst the individual, by whom Conover was suborned, has not yet been brought to jus- tice. Certain high and influential enemies of Jefferson Davis, either then already aware of the character of the testimo- ny of those witnesses, or not thinking their testimony quite sufficient to hang Jefferson Davis, expected to find the wanting material in the terrible mortality of the Union prisoners at Andersonville. Orders were issued accord- ingly to arrest a subaltern officer, Captain Wirz, a poor, friendless and wounded prisoner of war, (he being included in the surrender of General Johnston,) and besides a foreigner by birth. On the 7th of May, he were placed in the old Capital Prison at Washington, and from that time the greater part of the Northern press was busily engaged in forming the unfortunate man in the eyes of the Northern people into such a monster that it became almost impossible for him to obtain counsel. Even his countryman, the Swiss Consul General, publicly refused to SCRAS FROPM THE PRISON TABLE. 301 accept money to defray the expenses of the trial. He was doomed before he was heard, and even the permission to be heard according to law was denied him. To increase the excitement and give eclat to the proceeding, and to inflame still more the public mind, the trial took place under the very dome of the capitol of the nation. A military commission, presided over by one of the. most arbitrary and despotic generals in the country, was form- ed, and the paroled prisoner of war, his wounds still open, and so feeble that he had to recline during the trial on a sofa, carried before the same. How that trial was con- ducted, the whole world knows. The enemies of gener- osity and humanity believed it then a sure thing to get at Jefferson Davis. Therefore, the first charge was that of conspiracy be- tween Wirz, Jefferson Davis, Seddon, Howell Cobb, R. B. Winder, and a number of others, to kill the Union prisoners. The trial lasted for three months, but un- fortunately for the blood-thirsty instigators, not a particle of evidence was produced, showing the existence of such a conspiracy ; yet, Captain Wirz was found guilty of that charge! Having thus failed, another effort was made. On the night before the execution of the prisoner a telegram was sent to the Northern press from this city, stating that Wirz had made important disclosures to (leneral L. C. Baker, the well-known detective, impli- cating Jefferson Davis, and that the confession would probably be given to the public. On the same evening some parties came to the confessor of Wirz, Rev. Father Boyle, and also to me, one of them informing me that a high Cabinet officer wished to assure Wirz, that if he would implicate Jefferson Davis with the atrocities com- mitted at Andersonville, his sentence would be commuted. He, the messenger, or who ever he was, requested me to inform Wirz of this. In presence of Father Boyle I told Wirz next morning what had happened. The Captain simply and quietly replied: "Mr. Schade, you know that I have always told you that I do not know anything about Jefferson Davis. He had no connection with me as to what was done at Andersonville. If I 302 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. knew anything about liim I would not become a traitor against him or anybody else, even to save my life." He likewise denied that he had made any statement what- ever to General Baker. Thus ended the attempt to suborn Captain Wirz against Jefferson Davis. That alone shows what a man he was. How many of his detainers would have done the same ? With his wounded arm in a sling, the poor paroled prisoner mounted, two hours later, the scaffold. His last words were that he died innocent — and so he did. The 10th* day of Novem- ber, 1865, will indeed be a black stain upon the pages of American history. To weaken the effect of his declaration of innocence, and of the noble manner in which Wirz died, a telegram was manufactured here and sent North, stating that on the 27th of October, Mrs. Wirz, (who actually was 900 miles on that day away from Washington,) had been prevented by that Stantonian deus ex machiua General L. C. Baker, from poisoning her husband! Thus, on the same day when the unfortunate family lost their husband and father, a cowardly and atrocious attempt was made to blacken their character also. On the next day I branded the whole as an infamous lie, and since then I never have heard of it again, though it emanated from a Brigadier-General of the United States army. All those who were charged with having conspired with Captain Wirz have since been released, except Jefferson Davis, the prisoner of the American Castle of Chillon, Captain Winder, was let off without trial, and if any of the others have been tried, which I do not know, certainly none of them have been hung. As Captain Wirz could not conspire alone, nobody will now, in view of that important fact, consider him guilty of that charge. So much, then, for charge No. 1. As to charge No. 2, to wit: Murder, in violation of the laws and customs of war, I do not hesitate to declare that about 145 out of 160 witnesses on both sides, de- clared during the trial, that Captain Wirz never murdered or killed any Union prisoners, with his own bauds or otherwise. All those witnesses (about twelve to fifteen,) SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 303 who testified that they saw Captain Wirz kill a prisoner, have sworn falsely, abundant proofs of that assertion being in existence. The hands of Captain Wirz are clear of the blood of prisoners of war. He would certainly have at least intimated to me a knowledge of the alleged murders with which he was charged. In most all cases no names of the alleged murdered men could be given, and where it was done, no such persons could be identified. The terrible scene in court, when he was confronted with one of the witnesses, and the latter insist- ing that Wirz was the man who killed a certain Union prisoner, which irritated the prisoner so much that he almost fainted, will still be remembered. That man (Grey) swore falsely, and God alone knows what the poor innocent prisoner must have suffered at that moment. That scene was depicted and illustrated in the Northern newspapers as if Wirz had broken down on account of his guilt. Seldom has mortal suffered more than that friendless and forsaken man. Fearing lest this communication will be too long, I will merely speak of the principal and most intelligent of these false witnesses, who testified to individual murder on the part of Captain Wirz. Upon his testimony the Judge Advocate in his final argument laid particular stress on account of his intelligence. This witness pre- pared also pictures of the alleged cruelties of Wirz, which were handed to the Commission, and are now on record, copies of which appeared at the time in Northern illustrated papers. He swore that his name was Felix de la Baume, and represented himself as a Frenchman, and grand-nephew of Marquis Lafayette. After having so well testified and shown so much zeal, he received a recommendation signed by the members of the Commis- sion. On the 11th day of October, before the taking of the testimony was concluded, he was appointed to a clerkship in the Department of the Interior. This oc- curred whilst one of the witnesses for the defence (Duncan) was arrested in open court and placed in prison before he had testified. After the execution of Captain Wirz some of the Germans of Washington, recognized in de 304 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. laBaume a deserter from the Seventh New York (Steuben) Regiment, whose name was not de la Baume, but Felix Oeser, a native of Saxony. They went to Secretary Harlan, and he dismissed the impostor and the important witness in the Wirz trial on the 21st of November, eleven days after the execution. Nobody who is acquainted with the Conover testimony, in consequence of which the President of the United States was falsely induced to place a reward of $100,000 upon the head of an innocent man, will be astonished at the above disclosures of the character of testimony before military commissions. So much for charge No. II. If from twelve to fifteen witnesses could be found who were willing to testify to so many acts of murder on the part of Wirz, there must certainly have been no Jack of such who were willing to swear to minor offences. Such was the unnatural state of the public mind against the prisoner at that time, that such men regarded themselves, and were regarded, as heroes, after having testified in the manner above described ; whilst on the other hand, the witnesses for the defence were intimidated, particularly after one of them had been arrested. But who is responsible for the many lives that were lost at Andersonville, and in the Southern prisons ? That question has not fully been settled, but history will tell on whose heads the guilt for those .sacrificed hecatombs of hu- man 1 >eings is to be placed. It was certainly not the fault of poor Captain Wirz, when, in consequence of medicines having been declared contraband of war by the North, the Union prisoners died for the want of the same. How often have we read during the war that ladies, going South, had been arrested and placed in the old Capitol Prison by the Union authorities, because some quinine, or other medicines, had been found concealed in their petti- coats ! Our navy prevented the ingress of medical stores from the sea-side, and our troops repeatedly destroyed drug stores, and even the supplies of private physicians in the South. Thus, the scarcity of medicines became general all over the South. Surgeon J. C. Pilot writes, September 6th, 1864, from Andersonville, [this letter was SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. 305 produced by the Judge Advocate in the Wirz trial]: " We have little more than the indigenous barks and roots with which to treat the numerous forms of disease to which our attention is daily called. For the treatment of wounds, ulcers, &c, we have literally nothing, except water. Our wards, some of them, are wild with gangrene, and we are compelled to fold our arms and look quietly upon its ravages, not even having stimulants to support the system under its depressing influence; the article be- ing so limited in supply that it can only be issued for cases under the knife." That provisions in the South were scarce, will astonish nobody, when it is remembered how the war was carried on. General Sheridan boasted, in his official report that, in the Shenandoah valley alone, he burned two thousand barns filled with wheat and corn, and all the mills in the whole tract of country: that he destroyed all factories of cloth, and killed, or drove off, every animal, even to the poultry, that could contribute to human sustenance. And those desolations were repeated in different parts of the South, and that so thoroughly, that last month, two years after the end of the war, Congress had to appropri- ate a million of dollars, to save the people of those regions from actual starvation. The destruction of rail- roads, and other means of transportati6n, by which food should be supplied by abundant districts to those without it, increased'the difficulties in giving sufficient food to our prisoners. The Confederate authorities, aware of their inability to maintain their prisoners, informed the Northern agents of the great mortality, and urgently requested that the prisoners should he exchanged, even without regard to the surplus which the Confederates had on the exchange roll from former exchanges, that is, man for man, but our War Department did not consent to an exchange. They did not want to "exchange skeletons for healthy men." Finally, when all hopes of exchange were gone, Colonel Quid, the Confederate Commissioner, offered, early in August, 18(54, to deliver up all the Federal sick and wounded, without requiring an equivalent in return, and 306 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE, pledged that the number would amount to ten or fifteen thousand, and, if it did not, he would make up that num- ber with well men. Although this offer was made in August, the transportation was not sent for them (to Savannah) until December, although he urged and im- plored, (to use his own words,) that haste should be made. During that very period, the most of the deaths at Andersonville occurred. 'Congressman Covode, who lost two sons in Southern prisons, will do well if he inquires who these "skeletons" were which the Honorable Sec- retary of War did not want to exchange for healthy men! If he does, he will hereafter be perhaps less bitter against the people of the South. But has the North treated her Southern prisoners so well that she should lift up her hands and cry " anathe- ma" over the South. Mr. Stanton's reports to Congress, July 19, 186G, that of Southern prisoners there died in the North 26,438, and of Northern prisoners in the South 22,576. What a fearful record! Over 26,000 pris- oners dying in the midst of plenty! Mr. Stanton gives the total number of prisoners in the North at 220,000, and in the South at 126,940. Suppose this to be cor- rect, though this statement comes certainly from no im- partial source, there died of prisoners in the South, with- out medicines and provisions, the fifth part, and in the North, with medicines and provisions, the eighth part. But in the number of Southern prisons in the North, are probably included the paroled prisoners of Lee's, John- ston's and Smith's armies, who never entered a Northern prison. If that be so, the mortality of Southern prison- ers in the North, will be even greater than that of the Federal prisoners in the South. We used justly to proclaim in former times, .that ours was "the land of the free and the home of the brave." But wdien one half of the country is shrouded in a despot- ism wdiich now only finds a parallel in Russian Poland, and when our generals and soldiers quietly permit that their former adversaries in arms shall be treated worse than the Helots of old, brave soldiers though they may be, who, when the forces and resources of both sections were more SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 307 equal, have not seldom seen the backs of our best generals, not to speak of such as Butler and consorts, then we may well question whether the " star-spangled banner still waves over the land of the free or the home of the brave." A noble and brave soldier never permits his an- tagonist to be calumniated and trampled upon after an honorable surrender. Besides, notwithstanding the deci- sion of the highest legal tribunal in the land that military commissions are unconstitutional, the earnest and able protestations of President Johnson, and the sad results of military commissions, yet such military commissions are again established by recent legislation of Congress all over he suffering and starving South. History is just, and, as Mr. Lincoln used to say, we cannot escape history. Puritanical hypocracy, self-adula- tion and self-glorification will not save those enemies of liberty from their just punishment. Not even a christian burial of the remains of Captain Wirz was allowed by Secretary Stanton. They will lie side by side with those of another and acknowledged victim of military commissions, the unfortunate Mrs. Sur- ratt, in the yard of the former jail in this city. If anybody should desire to reply to this, I politely beg that it may be done before the first of May next, as then I shall leave the country to return in the fall. After that day letters will reach me in care of the American Lega- tion, or Mr. Benedette Bolzaui, Leipzig street, No. '68, Berlin, Prussia. LOUIS SCHADE, Attorney at Law. Washington, April 4, 1867. TREATMENT OF FEDERAL PRISONERS AND REBEL WITNESSES. The following letter from one of the counsel of Captain Wirz effectually contradicts the false statements of the ' w Chronicle " with regard to the manner of the dismissal 308 SCRAPS FEOM THE PPJSON TABLE. of Colonel Ould, and other distinguished Southern men, who were summoned as witnesses for the defense upon that trial, but were not allowed by the prosecution to testify : Washington, D. C, September 5, 1868. To the Editor of the National Intelligencer : My attention has been called to the following extract from an article contained in the " Chronicle," of the 27th of August last, to wit : " The statements in Robert Ould's letter, that though announced as a witness for the defense in the Wirz case, lie was dismissed by the prosecution, is authoritatively pronounced a malicious perversion of the facts. In mili- tary trials all witnesses are both summoned and dismissed by the Judge Advocate ; and had Wirz's counsel designed that Mr. Ould should be put upon the stand, it would have been done, though he would not have been allowed to make an entirely irrelevant statement in defense of the rebel system of exchange." The words "authoritatively pronounced" induce me to believe that the said article emanates from one of the participants in the trial of the unfortunate Captain Wirz. They tremble for fear that .retribution will soon follow, and are, consequently, trying to exculpate themselves by false statements. But there is no escaping for them ! Last spring a report of the Wirz trial was published by order of Congress. Though somewhat mutilated and curtailed, it will yet serve to expose the above falsehood of the " Chronicle." On page (315 of that report I find the following : " The Judge Advocate (Colonel Chipman) — There is another point which I desire to submit to the court. During the progress of this trial, I have sought to exer- cise, as properly as I knew how, the discretion placed in my hands by the court, upon the subject of subpenaiug witnesses. Some witnesses, who may properly be termed rebel functionaries, have been subpenaed by me inadvert- SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 309 entry. I have signed such subpenas, made out by my clerk, with great haste, and without noticing the fact. Others were subpenaed by me deliberately, but upon fur- ther consideration, I deemed it my duty to revoke the subpena. This remark applies to a certain class of wit- nesses, which the court will understand ; it embraces men, who have been leaders in the rebellion, such as General Lee, Mr. Seddon, Mr. Mallory, Surgeon-General Moore, Commissioner Ould, and others." * * It will be observed, that the Juds-e Advocate, having in the eyes of his superiors committed the great blunder of permitting the defense to have such witnesses sub- penaed, whose testimony could not be otherwise but damaging to the blood-thirsty plans of Stanton, Holt, and their tool, Grant, tries to excuse himself, by stating that he had corrected his error, and revoked the subpenas. On page 617 he again says : * * " Certain political questions involved in sub- penaing such persons as General Lee would suggest them- selves to any mind. After it came to my knowledge, that those witnesses were to be brought here for purposes other than those indicated by counsel, I acted on what I thought a wise discretion, and revoked the subpenas to General Lee and others. In every case where I revoked subpenas, or declined to issue them, the evidence impli- cates the party as an accessory either before or after the fact, a principal in the first or second degree, or co-con- spirator." In page 618 he expressed the following kind feeling towards Colonel Ould : * * " Colonel Ould is connected with those atrocities, or he will be connected with them before the conclusion of the trial, and the court cannot allow him to testify for his associate. Colonel Ould was in position where the facts regarding the prison at Andersonville must have come to his knowledge." Colonel Ould had, therefore, a narrow escape from be- coming an inmate of the- Old Capitol, and sharing the fate of poor Wirz. Had the real Andersonville murderers only imagined that some years later he would expose to 310 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. the world their terrible and cruel crimes toward their own soldiers, I doubt very much whether Colonel Ould would ever have been permitted to return to Richmond, for " dead men tell no tales." It is almost superfluous, after citing the above extracts from the official record, to state in addition that the sub- peneas of General Lee, Colonel^Ould, and other Southern witnesses, were stopped or revoked without the consent and even the knowledge of the counsel of Captain Wirz. As the whole trial was nothing but a most wretched farce, those gentlemen, even if they had succeeded in appearing as witnesses before the commission, would not have been permitted to say anything in favor of the prisoner and the cause of justice and humanity. Perhaps they may have shared the fate of one ot the witnesses for the defence, (Duncan,) who was arrested in open court before he had time to testify. At any rate, they would have been sub- ject to the over-bearing insolence of the President of the commission, General Lew Wallace, whilst at the other end of the table the Judge Advocate, by sneering ques- tions and insulting insinuations, would have taxed to the utmost the forbearance of the rebels, as he politely used to denominate the Southern witnesses. In fact, after it had become apparent that the defense would not be allowed to produce any evidence in favor of the prisoner, particu- larly after the above mentioned subpenas had been coun- termanded or revoked without our knowledge, ho further attempt was made on our part to bring these gentlemen before the commission. Captain Wirz told me several times that even to save his life he would not place his cherished, brave and noble chieftain, General Lee, in the position of being exposed to the insults of such a man as Lew Wallace. The recent revelations by Colonel Ould must, indeed, be a terrible blow to the participants in the murder of Captain Wirz ; for murder it was, and has so been decided by the highest tribunal of the country. Wirz, as he pro- mised before his death, is already haunting them by day and night. No Loyal Leagues and Grand Armies of the Republic can protect them against that terrible spectre. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 311 The remains of the man who spurned life at the cost of becoming a traitor or suborned witness against Ins former compatriots lie still side by side with those of poor Mrs. Surratt, buried in one of the warehouses of the arsenal in this city, and still denied the right of christian burial. Nobody any longer doubts that they have been murdered. The Supreme Court has declared those commissions by which they were convicted to be unconstitutional. Yet their orphan children are not even permitted to weep at their graves ! How savage this nation has become ! Can it be true that the star-spangled banner still waves " over the land of the free and the home of the brave." Respectfully, LOUIS SCHADE. 312 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. Formation of the Southern Confederacy and State Governments, ]J iih dates of their admission to, and withdrdwal from, the Confederation of the United States. FORMATION OF THE SOUTHERN CON- FED E R A C Y. The independence of the Southern Confederate States, commenced by the withdrawal of the State of South Caro- lina from the old Federal Union of the United States. The ordinance of secession was passed on December 20th, 1860, by a unanimous vote. The withdrawal of South Carolina from the old Union was followed successively by the States of Florida, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, and Louisiana. A convention of delegates from the six seceding States assembled in Congress at Montgomery, Alabama, to organize a Provisional Government, on the 4th day of February, 1S6J. The Hon. R. M.Barnwell, of South Carolina, was appointed temporary chairman. A. R. Lamar, esq., of Georgia, was then appointed temporary secretary, and the deputies from the several States represented, presented their credentials in alpha- betical order, and signed their names to the roll of the convention. The following is the list : Alabama.— R. W. Walker, R. H. Smith, J. L. M. Curry, W. P. Chilton, S. F. Hale Colon, J. McRae, John Gill Shorter, David P. Lewis, Thomas Fearn. Georgia. — -Robert Toombs, Howell Cobb, F. S. Bar- tow, M. J. Crawford. E. A. Nisbet, B. H. Hill, A. R. Wright, Thomas R. R. Cobb, A. H. Kenan, A. H. Stephens. Jxississippi. — W. P. Harris, Walter Brooke, N. S. Wilson, A. M. Clayton, W. S. Barry, J. T. Harrison. * SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 313 South Carolina. — It. B. Rhett, R. W. Barnwell, L. M. Keitt, James Chesnut, Jr., C. G. Memminger, W. Porcher Miles, Thomas J. Withers, W. W. Boyce. Florida. — James B. Owens, J. Patten Anderson, Jack- son Morton, (not present.) Louisiana. — John Perkins, Jr., A. Deelonet, Charles M. Conrad, D. F. Kenner, G. E. Sparrow, Henry Mar- shall. The constitution of the Confederate States, was adopted on Friday, February 8, 1861. On Saturday the 9th, Congress proceeded to the election of a President and Vice-President. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, and Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, were unanimously elected. On the 18th of the same month, President Davis was inaugurated. The Presidential term of one year of the Provisional Government, under the constitution, began on the 18 th day of February, 1861, and will expire on the 22d day of February, 1862. The first election, under the Confeder- ate constitution, for President and Vice-President for the first regular Presidential term of six years, was held on the 6th day of November, 1861, in each State through- out the Confedercay. GOVERNMENT OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES. Jefferson Davis, of Mississippi, President. Alexander H. Stephens, of Georgia, Vice-President. Colonel Joseph Davis, of Mississippi, Aid to the Pres- ident. Captain R. Josselyn, of Mississippi, Private Secretary of the President. R. M. T. Hunter, Virginia, Secretary of State ; Wil- liam M. Browne, Assistant Secretary of State ; P. P. ■ Dandridge, Chief Clerk. C. G. Memminger, South Carolina, Secretary of the Treasury; P. Clayton, Georgia, Assistant Secretary of 21 314 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. the Treasury ; H. D. Capers, Chief Clerk of the Depart merit ; Lewis Cruger, South Carolina, Comptroller and Solicitor ; Boiling Baker, Georgia, First Auditor ; W. H. S. Taylor, Louisiana, Second Auditor ; Robert Tyler, Virginia, Register ; E. C. Elmore, Alabama, Treasurer. J. P. Benjamin, Louisiana, Secretary of War ; A. T. Bledsoe, Virginia, Chief Clerk of the Department; S. Cooper, Virginia, Adjutant and Inspector General of the Confederate States Army; Lieutenant-Colonel B. Chil- ton and Captain J. Withers, South Carolina, Assistants Adjutant and Inspector General; Colonel R. Taylor, Kentucky, Quartermaster General ; Colonel A. C. Myers, South Carolina, Assistant Quartermaster General ; Lieu- tenant-Colonel Northrop, South Carolina, Commissary General; Colonel J. Gorgas, Virginia, Chief of Ordnance; Colonel S. P. Moore, (M. D.,) South Carolina, Surgeon General; Captain C. H. Smith, (M. D.,) Virginia, As- sistant Surgeon General; Captain Leg. G. Capers, (M. D.,) South Carolina, Chief Clerk of the Medical Depart- ment; Major D. Hubbard, Alabama, Commissioner of Indian Affairs. S. R. Mallory, Florida, Secretary of the Navy; Com- modore E. M. Tidball, Virginia, Chief Clerk of the Department; Commodore D. N. Ingraham, South Caro- lina, Chief of Ordnance, Construction, and Repair; Captain George Minor, Virginia, Inspector of Ordnance ; Commodore L. Rosseau, Louisiana, Chief of Equipment, Recruiting Orders, and Detail; Captain W. A. Spots- wood, ( M. D.,) Virginia, Chief of Medicine and Surgery; Captain John Debree, Chief of Clothing and Provisions. Ex-Governor Bragg, North Carolina, Attorney Gen- eral; Wade Keys, Alabama, Assistant Attorney General; R. R. Rhodes, Mississippi, Commissioner of Patents; G. E. W. Nelson, Georgia, Superintendent of Public Print- ing ; R. M. Smith, Virginia, Public Printer. John H. Reagan, Texas, Postmaster General; H. S. Oft'ut, Virginia, Chief Contract Bureau; B. N. Clements, Tennesse, Chief Appointment Bureau ; J. L. Harrel, Alabama, Chief Finance Bureau ; W. D. Miller, Texas, Chief Clerk of Department. SCRAS FEOPM THE PEISON TABLE. 315 South Carolina — Settled by colonies of French, Ger- man and Irish, in 1670; adopted the Federal Constitu- tion in 1780 ; passed the ordinance of secession, Decem- ber 20th, 1860. Area of square miles, 29,385. Florida — Settled by Spain, 1516 ; ceded to Great Britain, 1763; retaken by the Spaniards, 1781; ceded by them to the United States in 1819 ; admitted into the Union, 1845; passed the ordinance of secession, January 8th, 1861. Area, 59,268. Mississippi — Settled by the French at Natchez, 1716 : this State, together with parts of Georgia, Alabama and Florida, formed the Mississippi Territory in 1816; was admitted into the Union, 1817; passed ordinance of secession January 9th, 1861. Area, 47,156 square miles. Alabama — Admitted into the Union, 1820; passed ordinance, January 11th, 1861. Area, 50,722 square miles. Georgia was settled by General Oglethorpe in 1733 ; made a royal colony in 1752; adopted the Federal Con- stitution in 1798; passed ordinance of secession, January 19th, 1861. Area, 58,000 square miles. Louisiana — Settled by the French in 1699; ceded to Spain in 1762 ; purchased by the Federal Union in 1803 ; admitted as a State in 1812; passed ordinance of seces- sion January 26th, 1861. Area, 41,866 square miles. Texas — Settled by the Spaniards, 1690 ; made part of the Mexican Republic, 1826 ; war with Mexico for inde- pendence commenced in 1833, ended in 1836, making her an independent State ; admitted to the Union, 1S45 ; passed ordinance of secession, February 1st, 1861. Area, 237,504 square miles. Virginia — Settled by the English in 1607; adopted the Constitution, 1776 ; passed ordinance of secession, April 18th, 1861. Area, 61,352 square miles. Tennessee — Settled, 1757; territory ceded to the United States, 1790 ; admitted as a State, 1796 ; passed ordinance of secession, May 2d, 1861. Area, 45,600 square miles. Arkansas was part of the Louisiana purchase, made in- to a separate territory, 1819 ; admitted as a State, 1836 ; 316 SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE. passed ordinance of secession, May 6th, 1861. Area, 52, 198 square miles. North Carolina. — Settled by emigrants from Virginia in 1660; was divided into two territories, 1720, (North and South Carolina;) adopted the Constitution^ 1790; passed ordinance of secession may 21st, 1861. Area. 50,704 square miles. Missouri — Settled by the French in 1764; territorial government formed in 1804; admitted to the Union, 1821 ; passed ordinance of secession, October 28, 1861. Area, 64,000 square miles. The entire white population of the Confederate State in 1860, was 6,867,239. Colored, 3,644,676. Total, 10,510,915. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 317 co 2.CK3 2 S o S^ >— • *o P o ? o >i C- 3 co <~> ^ co ,-», co C^^,, CD P i,- ^n *-• ^o *■ cc ■ , p £-3 5 3 • P o 1 O tB c o ' S2.op ,» B" S3 P g p S3 50 K . orr?- fi SO CO co s o a»o S £ 5" o Bern S P.^ ro ( 5 • s^Cdfl^Ha OS Is* ►i b j ra iri c P B s ©■ B^ w" h" 1 FT* O t O f O " r* n 3 13 8 5T « rn - 1 - J I— * n rr SO rt o 3 CC - B p-j H co S, CO rDOprooo^oEioora B B BCsoBO^BPr^SSM 2, 2 _ 2 ~ 2 cdo; "!_, 2° co" g' oo" go"'"' " CO tt ^ GO 05 oo gj oo 4- GC Oo to 4*. 00 O: to Cn 00 00 00 O Cn O O O GO o o o o © © © © o © © © OO *- *- (*»• tO *- © © © © 0l © © © o © © © © © © © © © — 4 '-J-H^COm o o o o o o a b a a a a f\ p* q Cj '"» ~ *-i /**\ y*. CT ,-. ^^ jT^ p<-3 sTV!^^ gTVj f> O^ ^ O^ O !3 O^ >> bS^b^o>oooO:'c - ?cn e r- e r -^ r 42 crq v; ' crq crq • g. ■ Q C' CD crq O H (72 ^ Q O ^) H H 7i 318 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ORGANIZATION OF THE CONFEDERATE STATES ARMY, NOVEMBER, 1861. The army of the Potomac is under the supreme com- mand of General J. E. Johnston. It embraces three grand divisions : the largest and most important, at Man- nassas, being commanded by General P. T. G. Beauregard, and those at Aquia Creek and Shenandoah Valley, by Brigadiers-General T. H. Holmes, of North Carolina, and Thomas J. Jackson, of Stone Wall Bridge, respectively. General Beauregard's command is subdivided into four divisions, commanded respectively by General Gustavus W. Smith, Major-General Edmund Kirby Smith, Earl Van Dorn, and James Longs treet. Under these officers are the numerous brigades composing the army, each composed as nearly as possible of regiments belonging to the same State, and commanded by their own Brigadiers General. The Department of the Northwest remains under command of General Lee ; that of the Yorktown Peninsula, under Major-General Magruder ; that of Nor- folk, under Major-General Huger ; that of Eastern Vir- ginia, South of the James river, under Brigadier-General Pemberton ; and that of Richmond, under Brigadier- General Winder. The coast defences of North Carolina are under command of Brigadier-General Gatlin, assisted by Brigadiers-General J. R. Anderson and D. H. Hill. Those of South Carolina are in charge of Brigadier-Gen- eral Ripley : those of Georgia, of Brigadier-General Law- ton ; those of Alabama, of Brigadier-General Withers ; those of Louisiana, of Major-General Lovell ; and those of Texas, of Brigadier-General Hebert. Until his death, Brigadier-General Grayson commanded in East Florida. The supreme command in Kentucky, is vested in Gene- ral A. S. Johnston ; and in Tennessee, in Major-General Polk. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ARMY WAGES. 319 The following is a statemen of the monthly pay of officers and privates in the sendee of the Confederate States : Rank. Infantry. Cavalry. Artillery. Colonels $180 00 180 00 150 00 130 00 90 00 80 00 20 00 17 00 13 00 12 00 11 00 | $210 00 185 00 1G2 00 HO 00 foo 00 90 00 20 00 17 00 13 00 12 00 11 00 $210 00 185 00 Lieutenant-Colenels Majors 152 00 Captains 130 00 First Lieutenants 90 00 Second Lieutenants 80 00 Orderly Sergeants 20 00 Other Sergeants 17 00 Musicians 13 00 12 00 Privates 11 00 The monthly pay of Generals of divisions, or brigades, is $301. Privates and non-commissioned officers receive one ration a day, and a yearly allowance for clothing : commissioned officers are not allowed to draw rations. 320 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. INHUMAN TREATMENT OF CONFEDEEATE PEISONEES. Mr. Bicking, a prominent citizen of Bristol, Pa-, known to hundreds of citizens of Pennsylvania as a gentleman of integrity and reliability, says : " I was standing at the depot at Bethlehem, Pa., on the arrival of a train of cars, with four hundred rebel prisoners aboard, en route for one of our military prisons. They had eaten nothing since leaving Pittsburg, (forty-eight hours,) and were well nigh starved. The better class of citizens, irrespective of party, of Bethlehem, gave them food, which they ravenously devoured. The treatment of these prisoners was a dis- grace to the country, as there was no excuse for the out- rage, which it most certainly was, of starving human be- ings in a country filled with provisions." This is but one of the thousand instances, that can be proven from individual and official sources, proving the outrageous manner in which prisoners were treated, while at the same time, a volume of evidence can be furnished that the Confederate authorities were kind and humane in their management of prisoners. I merely give one instance of thousands that could be cited, to prove this statement. By referring to chapter 8, page 107, of the history of the One Hundred and Fourth Pennsylvania Eegiment, at that time commanded by Colonel W. W, H. Davis, the following paragraph appears :. "That night the enemy occupied my head-quarter cabin, which was filled with their own, and our wounded. Among the oc- SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. 321 cupants was General Roger A. Pry or, who treated our wounded with great kindness, a box of nice wines and brandy was found in the cabin, some of which, he gave to each wounded soldier. All the concurrent testimony proves that the enemy were kind to our wounded, that fell into their hands." And ever were, in spite of the brutalities to which their families were subjected, by the many marauding bands of the enemy. One instance cited, often thousand such, is related by Colonel Davis, chapter 16, page 210, of the same work: "On the first of June, 1863, Colonel Montgomery, with his negro regiment, made a raid up the Cumbahee river, to get recruits. He brought back eight hundred darkies, who ap- peared to be much better fitted to hoe cotton, than to carry a musket. J-There may be a difference between stealing negroes from their homes, on the Congo, in Africa, and stealing them from the Cumbahee, in South Carolina, but, many people, are not able to see the dif- ference. Colonel Montgomery in this raid burned thirty- four private dwellings, without a shadow of excuse, the families, mostly women and children, were summari- ly turned out of doors, and their homes destroyed before their eyes. Colonel Montgomery told the negroes ' that the country would belong to them after the war, and as they would have no use for the large houses, they^might burn them. ' The operation was a disgrace to our arms. How often they were disgraced during the war by men higher in rank than Colonel Montgomery, and the acts applauded, instead of being censured, and the guilty officer dismissed the service." No one will question the statement of General W. W. H. Davis, that distinguished soldier of Pennsylvania, whose honesty, integrity, and military record, is a part of the history of the country, and yet, Confederates treated their prisoners well, in spite of the desolating fiends, who were murdering, robbing and burning throughout the South. 322 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. J. P. Benjamin's and Robt. Quid's Letters. UNANSWERABLE ARGUMENTS. THE RESPONSIBILITY OF ANDERSONVILLE RESTS WITH THE ABOLITIONISTS. J. P. BENJAMIN'S LETTER. His Views of the Treatment of Federal Prisoners. TO THE TDITOR OF THE TlMES: Sir: I find on arriving in England, that public atten- tion is directed afresh to the accusation made by the Federal authorities that prisoners of war were cruelly treated by the Confederates — not merely in exceptional cases by subordinate officials — but systematically, and in conformity with a policy deliberately adopted by Presi- dent Davis, General Lee and Mr. Seddon. As a member of the Cabinet of President Davis from the date of his first inauguration under the Provisional Constitution to the final overthrow of the Confederate Government by force of arms, as a personal friend, whose relations with Jefferson Davis have) been of the most intimate and confidential nature, I feel it imperatively to be my duty to request your insertion of this letter in vindication of SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 323 honorable men, who, less fortunate than myself, are now- held in close confinement by their enemies, and are unable to utter an indignant word in self-defense. A very material fact in relation to this charge of cruelty was omitted in the recent letter from your late "Richmond correspondent," who was probably not aware of it, but which I can attest from personal knowl- edge. During the difficulties which prevented the exchange of prisoners of war, cases arose which appealed so strongly to humanity that it was impossible for the most obdurate to remain insensible. The Federal au- thorities, therefore, empowered Colonel Mulford, their Commissioner ofExchauge, to consent to mutual delivery of such sick and disabled prisoners as were incapable of of performing military service. To this class was the exchange of prisoners rigorously restricted. Colonel Ould, the Confederate Commissioner of Exchange, (who has recently been honorably acquitted, by the Federals themselves, of the same false charge of cruelty to prison- ers,) made to the President, to the Secretary of War, aud to myself, repeated complaints that prisoners on both sides were frequently delivered in a condition so prostrate, as to render death certain, from exposure during the transit between James river and Washington, or Annapolis. Efforts were made, in vain, to check this evil. In spite of surgeon's certificates, that they were too ill for removal without imminent danger; sick men on both sides, wearied by long confinement, fearful that the exchange would be again interrupted, longing for the sight of home and friends, would either insist on their ability to endure the journey, or, professing that recovery was hopeless, would piteously implore to be allowed to see their families before death. The lifeless bodies of numbers of Confederates, shipped from the North under . these circumstances, were delivered to us at City Point, and the like result attended the delivery from our side. Rigid care was taken by the authorities of the United States to exclude from the exchange, all cases of slight illness, in accordance with their avowed policy of pre- venting our armies from being recruited by returned 324 SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. prisoners, this being our . only resource for filling our thinned ranks, while they were able to procure unlimited recruits from this side of the Atlantic. From the class just mentioned the most emaciated specimens were chosen by our enemies, and exhibited as conclusive evidence that we exercised habitual cruelty towards prisoners of war. The most wretched and desperate cases were even made the originals for "photographs which cannot lie," and the revolting pictures of human infirmity, thus procured, were affixed as embellishments to sensational reports, manipulated by Congressional committees and sanitary commissions. It is not my purpose to examine in detail the question whether on us or on the Federals rests the responsibility of interrupting the exchange of prisoners, and thus pro- ducing a mass of human misery and anguish of which few examples can be found in history. The published cor- respondence of the Commissioners of Exchange and certain revelations made by Federal officials in public speeches and in newspaper articles, will be sufficient to satisfy on this point the few who take the pains to ascertain the truth; but in response to the allegations imputed, in the latest news from America, to General Hitchcock, that "for the dela} r s in exchanging and the consequent sufferings of the prisoners, the fault rested entirely with the Confederates," I would recall the fol- lowing facts : The first effort to establish a cartel of exchange was made by the Confederates, when I was temporarily in charge of the war office at Richmond, toward the close of the Provisional Government. General Howell Cobb, on our part, and General Wool, on the part of the United States, agreed on a cartel, which was submitted to their ^respective governments for approval. In my instructions to General Cobb, he was specially directed to propose that, after exhausting exchanges, the party having surplus prisoners in possession, should allow them to go home on parole, till the other belligerent should succeed in captur- ing an equivalent number for exchange. When this pro- posal was made by us, we held a large number of prisoners SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 325 more than were in the hands of the enemy. It was ac- cepted by General Wool as one of the terms of the cartel, but, unfortunately, some successes of our enemies inter- vened before ratification by their government. They obtained, in their turn, an excess of prisoners, and at once refused to ratify the cartel. In the ensuing year, while General Randolph was Secretary of War, the Confeder- ates were a second time in possession of an excess of prisoners, and succeeded in negotiating a cartel, under which they liberated many thousands of prisoners on parole, without any present equivalent, thus securing in advance the liberation of a like number of their own soldiers that might afterward fall into the enemy's hands. This cartel remained many months in operation. No check or difficulty occurred, as long as we made a majority of captures. In July, 1863, the fortune of war became very adverse to the Confederacy. The battle of Gettysburg checked the advance of General Lee on the Federal capital, while almost simultaneously the fall of Vicksburg and Port Hudson gave to our enemies a large preponderance in the number of prisoners. The authorities at Washington immediately issued general orders, refusing to receive from General Lee the prisoners held by hifti, until they should be reduced to possession in Virginia, thus subject- ing their own men to the terrible suife rings glanced at by Colonel Fremantle, in order to embarrass General Lee's movements. They further refused to restore to us the excess of prisoners held by them, after having received, for nearly or quite a year, the benefit of the special pro- vision of the cartel, when it operated in their favor ; and during the entire war, they never once consented to a delivery to us of any prisoners, in excess of the number for which we were prepared to return an immediate^ equivalent. It requires no sagacity to perceive, that every motive of interest, as well as of humanity, operated to induce us to facilitate the exchange of prisoners, and to submit even to unjust and unequal terms, in order to recover soldiers, whom we could replace from no other source. On the 326 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. other hand, interest and humanity were at war in their influence on the Federal officials. Others must judge of the humanity and justice of the policy, which consigned hundreds of thousands of wretched men to captivity, ap- parently hopeless, but I can testify unhesitatingly to its sagacity and efficiency, and to the pitiless sternness with which it was executed. Indeed, tins refusal of exchange was one of the most fatal, blows dealt us during the war, and contributed to our overthrow more, perhaps, than any other single measure. I write not to make complaint of it, but simply to protest against the attempt of the Federals to divide the consequences of their own conduct, as to throw on us the odium attached to a cruelty plainly injurious to us, obviously beneficial to themselves. The sense of duty which prompts this letter, would be but imperfectly satisfied were I to withold at this juncture the testimony which none so well as myself can offer in re- lation to the charge of inhumanity made against Jefferson Davis. For the four years, during which I have been one of his most trusted advisers, the recipient of his confi- dence, the sharer, to the best of my abilities, in his labors and responsibilities, I have learned to know him better, perhaps, than he is known by any other living man. Neither in private conversation, nor in cabinet council, have I ever heard him utter one unworthy thought, one ungenerous sentiment. On repeated occasions, when the savage atrocities of such men as Butler, Turchin, Mc- Neill and others, were the subject of anxious considera- tion, and when it was urged upon Jefferson Davis, not only by friends in private letters, but by members of his Cabinet in council, that it was his duty to the peo- ple, and to the army, to endeavor to repress such out- rages by retaliation, he was immovable in his resistence to such counsels, insisting that it was repugnant to every sentiment of justice and humanity, that the innocent should l>e made victims for the crimes of such mon- sters. Without betraying the confidence of official in- tercourse, it may be permitted me to say, that when the notorious expedition of Dahlgren, against the city of Richmond had been defeated, and the leader killed in his SCRAPS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE 327 flight, the papers found upon his body showed that he had been engaged in an attempt to assassinate the President and the heads of the Cabinet, to release the Federal prisoners confined in Richmond, to set fire to the city, and to loose his men and the released prisoners, with full license to gratify their passions on the helpless inhabitants. The instructions to his men had been elaborately pre- pared, and his designs communicated to them in an ad- dress ; the incendiary materials for firing the town formed part of his equipment. The proof was clear and undeni- able. In the action, in which Dahlgren fell, some of his men were taken prisoners. They were brought to Rich- mond, and public opinion was unanimous, that they were not entitled to be considered as prisoners of war ; that they ought to be put to trial as brigands and assassins, and executed as such if found guilty. In cabinet council the conviction was expressed, that these men had acquired no immunity from punishment for their crimes, if guilty, by the fact of their having been admitted to surrender by their captors, before knowledge of their offenses. A dis- cussion ensued, which became so heated as almost to create unfriendly feeling, by reason of the unshaken firmness of Mr. Davis, in maintaining that although these men merited a refusal to grant them quarter in the heat of battle, they had been received to mercy by their captors as prisoners of war, and such were sacred ; and that we should be dis- honored if harm should overtake them after their sur- render, the acceptance of which constituted, in his judg- ment, a pledge that they should receive the treatment of prisoners of war. To Jefferson Davis alone, and to his constancy of purpose, did these men owe their safety, in spite of hostile public opinion, and in opposition to two- thirds of the cabinet. I forbear from further trespass on your space, although I am in possession of numerous other facts^ bearing on the subject, that could not fail to interest all who are de- sirous of seeing justice done to the illustrious man, of whose present condition I will not trust myself to speak. I remain, sir, your obedient servant, J. P. BENJAMIN. 328 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. ANDEKSONVILLE. ROBERT OULD S LETTERS. " On the 16th of August, 1864, I addressed the follow- ing communication to Brigadier-General JohnE. Mulford, (then major,) Assistant Agent of Exchange : "'Richmond, August 10, 1864. " 'Major John E. Mulford, Assistant Agent of Ex- change : " ' Sir : You have several times proposed to me to ex- change the prisoners, respectively held by the two bel- ligerents — officer for officer, and man for man. The same offer has also been made by other officials having charge of matters connected with the exchange of pris- oners. '"This proposal has heretofore been declined by the Confederate authorities, they insisting upon the terms of the cartel, which required the delivery of the excess on either side on parole. In view, however, of the very large number of prisoners now held by each party, and the suffering consequent upon their continued confine- ment, I now consent to the above proposal, and agree to deliver to you the prisoners held in captivity by the Con- federate authorities, provided you agree to deliver an equal number of Confederate officers and men. As equal numbers are delivered from time to time, they will be declared exchanged. This proposal is made with the understanding that the officers and men, on both sides, who have been longest in captivity will be first delivered where it is practicable. '"I shall be happy to hear from you as speedy as pos- sible, whether this arrangement can be carried out. " 'Respectfully, your obedient servant, "'RO. OULD, " ' Agent of Exchange. " "The delivery of this letter was accompanied with a SCEAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 329 statement of the mortality which was hurrying so many Federal prisoners, at Andersonville, to the grave, "On the 22d day of August, 18G4, not having heard anything in response, I addressed a communication to Major-General E. A. Hitchcock, United States Cpm- missioner of Exchange, covering a copy of the foregoing letter to General Mulford, and requesting an acceptance of my. propositions. "No answer was ever received to either of these letters. General Mulford, on the 81st of August, 1864, informed me in writing, that he had no communication on the subject from the United States authorities, and that he was not, at that time, authorized to make an answer. "Tkis offer, which would have instantly restored to freedom thousands of suffering captives, which would have released every Federal soldier in confinement in Confederate prisons, was not even noticed. As the Federal authorities, at that time, had a large excess of prisoners, the effect of the proposal which 1 had made, if carried out, would have been to release all Union prisoners, while a large number of the Confederates would have remained in prison, awaiting the chances of the capture of their equivalents. This is Startling enough, but what will the christian world think of what follows? On the 24th of January, 1864, Mr. Oulcl wrote to General Hitchcock, the Fed- eral Agent of Exchange: "In view of the present difficulties attending the ex- change and release of prisoners, I propose that all such on eaeh side shall be attended by a proper number of their own surgeons, who, under rules to be established, shall be permitted to take charge of their health and comfort. " I also propose that these surgeons shall act as com- missaries, with power to receive and distribute such con- tributions of money, food, clothing and medicines, as may be forwarded, for the relief of prisoners. I further propose that these surgeons be selected, by their own governments, and that they shall have full liberty at anv 22 330 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. and all times, through the agents of exchange, to make reports, not only of their own acts, but of any matters relating to the welfare of prisoners." The writer adds: " To this communication no reply- of any kind was ever made. I need not state how much suffering would have been prevented, if this offer had been met in the spirit in which it was dictated. In addition, the world have had truthful accounts of the treatment of prisoners on both sides, by officers of character, and thus much of that misrepresentation which has flooded the country, would never have been poured forth. It will be borne in mind that nearly all of the suffering endured by Federal prisoners, happened after January, 1864. The acceptance of the proposition made by me, on behalf of the Confederate government, would not only, have fur- nished to the sick, medicines and physicians, but to the well an abundance of food and clothing, from the ample stores of the United States. The statements go on increasing in interest. Witness the next : "When it was ascertained that exchanges could not be made either on the basis of the cartel, or officer for officer and man fur man, I was instructed by the Confederate authorities to offer to the United States government their sick and wounded, without requiring any equivalents. Accordingly, in the summer of 1864,1 did offer to deliver from ten to fifteen thousand of the sick and wounded, at the mouth of the Savannah river, without requiring any equivalents, assuring at the same time the agent of the United States, General Mulford, that if the num- ber for which he might send transports could not readily be made up from sick and w r ounded, I would supply the difference with well men. Although this offer was made in the summer of 1864, transportation was not sent to the Savannah river until about the middle or last of NovenY- ber, and then I delivered as many prisoners as could be transported — some thirteen thousand in number, amongst whom were more than five thousand well men. More than once I urged the mortality at Andersonville SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 331 as a reason for haste on the part of the United States authorities. I know, personally, that it was the purpose of the Confederate government to send off from all its prisons, all the sick and wounded, and to continue to do the same, from time to time, without requiring any equivalents for them. It was because the sick and wounded, at points distant from Georgia, could not be brought to Savannah within a reasonable time, that the live thousand well men were substituted." Again, Mr. Ould says, and appeals to General Mulford and other Federal officers, to support what he says: "In the summer of 1864, in consequence of certain information communicated to me, by the Surgeon Gen- eral of the Confederate States, as to the deficiency of medicines, I offered to make purchases of medicines from the United States authorities, to be used exclusively for the relief of Federal prisoners. I offered to pay gold, cotton or tobacco for them, and even two or three prices if required. At the same time I gave assurances that the medicines would be used exclusively in the treatment of Federal prisoners, and moreover agreed, on behalf of the Confederate States, if it was insisted on, that such medicines might be brought into the Confederate lines by the United States surgeons, and dispensed by them. To this offer I never received any reply. Incredible as this appears, it is strictly true. "General John E. Mulford is personally cognizant of the truth of most, if not all the facts which I have nar- rated. He was connected with the cartel from its date until the close of the war. During a portion of the time he was Assistant Agent of Exchange on the part of the United States. I always found him to be an honorable and truthful gentleman. While he discharged his duties with great fidelity to his own government, he was. kind, and I might almost say, tender to confederate prisoners. With that portion of the correspondence with which his name is connected, he is familiar. He is equally so with the delivery made at Savannah, and its attending circum- stances, and with the offer I made as to the purchase of 332 SCEAPS FROM THE PEISON TABLE. medicines for the Federal sick and wounded. I appeal to him for the truth of what I have written." We now come to a matter which not only has a touch- ing but a local interest. On the shelves of all the public and many of the private libraries of Philadelphia, will be found a volume got up during the fiercest excitement of the war, and under the auspices, strange to say, of the Sanitary Commission, whose business one would think was to heal, not to stimulate, asperities, descriptive of the crudities inflicted on our prisoners. It was issued under the immediate approval of the Honorable J. Clark Hare— now Radical candidate for the District Court — Doctor Ellerslie Wallace, and other eminent lawyers, and was adorned with a frightful photograph of emaciated and dying Northern prisoners landed at Annapolis. Judge Ould gives the secret history of this infamous imposture: "On two occasions, at least, we were asked to send forward the very sick and most desperately wounded of the prisoners in our hands. Accordingl}', the hospitals were searched for the worst cases, and after they were delivered they were taken to Annapolis, and there photo- graphed as specimen prisoners." ROSTER OF PEISONERS, CONFIXED AT JOHNSON'S ISLAND, AND EXCHANGED SEP- TEMBER, 1862. 536 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. (J m i— i m h o •n o •-3 P I— I !fa o o P3 o m i — i P; nd ~i CM CO -ta CM CM 1 CO CD co C3 T3 a - ~ - - - - - o a OT3 CD "v3 ^ 5 s5"| S ^ a p j^ o rH O t£ O MO o t-i 0) P r^P J ; P J ; P "E p CD -U> ^S t 3 \j3 *= . & KT — 03 It CO r~ O TZ ° .2 3.2 o ~ a o v. > Li • ^j cS 3 *= c*3 3 a 3 eS O .p.; >p j .^ '^ q3 PO 3 • 3 ^ ^ a. cd CD Q. 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O bd ^ O t> o ^o o „o*+3o "-2 o ' — ■ o j^ ^ o .£ 2 Ph >3 fe ffl ^ fe (x, S Ph tflfc 62 ft ft 02 02 r. r CO / 02 S3 cs ■7. (/I I. ,. b B ai cu ~ 1 K-J p. 02 •-! 5 5 S'lS P 18 §5 S S S §? ».a Si o 9^ S a -a "So S *-> _c3 -^ ai-4J-u r o_jjj J _ 1 j-tJ~-w w J *^>-^> 02 -4j 02 'S >i ci... -i-j COOOOCOHOiM'^HHH'+OTCOH-fCOHiOHW CO b~ tH t— I rH S3 S3 S3 S3 . e " B B S3 B • t J S3 S3 b/D • B ^ S3 S3 s _; ^ -L3 S3ft^^. fl -/-UD .£ ft ft t« ffiTS'd ns p «8 r3 ao to T3 J^ J2 "02 -73 02 s- 1 T3 « t3 02 « o 1— 1 co *y\ m w O im h h N O ■*! h « h ii ] 1— 1 Da. 1 Pm ^ . .A S3 lllf p-ftl 1 1 II II lil^-lffll s3a>SS3^CJc3C3cSt-'X5'T3T3 biO^ ,3 2- — [V] ~ — S3 = U in 350 SCH A PS FEOM THE PRISON TABLE, O CM £ O Q m K O <1 P I— I o a fa> Q W o tf fa £ ~ ~ ~ o c - - ~ - 5 >ft^^: ft & Kfa U *3 O ^ O fa -3 a fip^ M MfaH oB^Bpgg F^ <5 o EH fa 31 T3 h3 rt c3 SS h3 O CO ! 1 m 0) i/j r« r/i nri r/j ro Ml ! J C i cu a S3 a S3 « 3 Eh Eh ~ H -— r-. r^ TS IM CO '-.V (N -^ «a -* CO a (= s S3 S3 fa . a> > fa fa fa o To O Cp +3 S3 S S T3 S3 S3 3 S3 S3 • 0) « ffl o o fa fa fa fa - T? nS n3 F d CM CO CO M ,ftt* .« ft fa fables .rii^^rt^^^ 1 •"5 fa ° v-T ~ *-" C? 5 ?C2 2 S3 S3 J£ UQ C^3a)aJC3»!rr' _ a> n ._ .-, ._ .-. .h p^ - fa fa fa * ffifapi^ftT'-W^ " £fa ^ § S3 ^.ororra^m&W^ScaSliitAS^fa ^»t>l>>>-Pisidc3!ij03.SoS.-.M., fafafafafVJfafafafafa* fafafafafafaP SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 351 O rH ^ < Ol T— 1 r-l to O -< so ■73 r O M "T3 -w "~3 6 ^ g n3 C3 a - O " O 2 2 tc S . o "• o • ' _J co "^ •~ o 2 ri 2 & r-1 o 3 o ~ - g* ~ £. rH J 3 iO o - .S«^Q c^ a _jj ^3 ^_, a> ^3 i-h a fa c3 _5 £ ^ o S-. -^ S- .„ S-, , a /-^ H} w -_. ° nl C7^ P* . O - m o * a " :/i — cd QJ cj X .-/>,-* cl> ^-i is m .— r> w &H a S3 -* 2 ^ a S J 2 2P a § a &c g g a g g >> a % ° g &fl S 3 g S < ^?'- iCC L rHtl '5 ! - 1 oSKl c ao-f'a^23o oh S ® ,aj KHOMMDOiO to (M m H « »M ^ O u M 'S CO Q ffi O 4J C". t— I «*i Ol tH >— I CO O CM i— ' CO r- 1 -P 1-- -HH I-- ~1 fa -)H CO i— < i— I I— I r-l 30 -t" ■4-5 ^J -tS _,_• -»j _, ; ^J ^j ^3 a a a _; a a a a a r p. a a a a a ^ CD fa - h3 > co fa 1 '3 3 ri > ^3 o st Lie d Lie CD d Lie d Lie st Lie ed CO > %" ~i <1 5 to h<\ Ul S ftfl 5 P P ~ in a " ^ o -a p p £ oq p p p .S o p p J3 p O ,p O O [PPP PPPHwtCOhH WW^QOhH •& j? « "to « F 3 . to X • — H • i-i ,- -j ^ to <^ to Pi > >> p, r- 03 C ~ O T3 O TJ « O O H O OO M HWHWitrHW «* -S t> bo -e ~ CL,.rt P P-i M4 cS Sh q; cS Tl Bj - OpGOO , CU j-l-5 >-3 >-3 oj r~ ^ a G o o o o •■-< eSScSdciaJStjOrirKdcJoouodiaJiBrt SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. S5i Ol CM CO CO P-. P-i <3 <3 g a ~*E C « d d _i; oa ^ t^ to oa 03 col^^^^aorl^^ol d ]§ OH3----'-g -^Ho 1 * , ' > *" , ' 1 ' , -Ho -u S3 -u nU3-^i S3 -u S3 -u h is ^ S>-c a s-i ce >i O "- ' O -'-UO 1— 1 Q _ Q HH H k> ^HH» EH H hS <; ,33 ,-C rH ^ r^ ^ J ^ <; HH H -ci -w M ^£3 CO — H —H 01 O 1—1 r-H G 1 O Ol -iJ *i ^ ^J ^ ^ ^5 ^, -»^ -4-^ A es p< .— ! H i>1 CO 1— 1 01 0-i CI 03 t— 1 s 3 3 ocoua CI CO o • o . • • t*. . l-J 2 S-.S -OO ^ ~ P ^ ^S - r -.0'S000«'3o^=i«si - ?rH 03 J- r~ '-O^Jr^,^ O^^^ ^^3^3^ S3—. O^^^ — J3rtOO-3000PHO^ui^,03rtrt- 03 rn - 1 -Q rO Or^r^.3i"^~r^J2 O O O O O O Orh O O OrK .. ^K ^k -t ^K !-k rW ^k ^K r-k rW -K -w rk rR TT -k -k -k ^ Jh !h S-c ii t< Sobbbioi^'jOiSos ioi*ooii-CO 354 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. o O ft < PI Ul i— i h o m W o H <1 ft W O (P O 02 i—i Pi fp P-l • CI CO o Ol tjT o" o •^ I— 1 a i— i CI 1—1 ^_ -a 03 a 1-5 « Ph >-d <0 6 a ' a £§ a pi S a o Q o rv O . 2 « CO 03 CO to 72 ^3 M o 03 13 o .5 o - - 5; s S . O r-t O s3 5 — 1 a o ^ ^ t* '—• cc 03 p gfi T3 ^3 P T3 ■— ■ Sft^ -u O -u a « ,^ a -u 03 O O £ O £ o a 03 o _3 O fePPE^ ^m^ h- 1 P=l ^ ^ fe o o L< 5Q fe PQPP PO CO — r'' • r^< rlZ r-Z C3 ~ rt 43 r- CS D s 13 a o ■+= Fh a 'So 03 > co Cj 03 03 CO CO o a .2 J jS o3 o CO CO o 03 03 CO CO 03 a cc! ^ rf 5 >-> co a O (So a ^ ^ 'Sj 03 EH of 1 03 03 CO CO 03 o ai co CO 03 a 7 o B 03 [- 03 03 CO co 03 - - P C r2 o ^ bfi . S T3 -C .2 a> a pq &o a «3 ^ a . cc o 5 £3« b EH - 03 EH - a 03 M ra ^5 ^3 03 EH 03 Eh +3 pq 03 T3 on ^ fc£ 3B -*J -*-3 CO ^, C-i o ^> Ol — ! zq i— 1 o o ce r— 1 — ~ co cS r -1 CO CO CO C-l h-3 — : J Ci -."] 1—1 T— 1 lO r-< -h -^ Ci -+ HtCRH _jj +a ■ii ^ ^J +3 -IJ -4J rii o P S . c3 P P CD . . P ~ ^ 03 CO .a p «ip P M - ; P ^ pP^P hi pqPP a" a" a" 03 03 03 EH^ cT a 03 03 o o c n n C 4 CO CO •J-^ <13 03 M a a O » ZI r^* ES ** '- 1 CC '^ r; S oj d ti 03 03 03 03 03 03 03 *-< f-i f- *H Sh Sh u 'S r4 rri ^ 6boooooooo!iu50iOc50ir*'o SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 355 CD to oJ P-l loL . . . o"^ 6 g »-- __i ^ ^ ci ^ ^ —I *-" • — ' *-• o " o or^o ; P-afl ^P >P .+3 ff -1-3 C 4J i-C ^j h fl ^ e3 Sj d U c3 ;-< d s-.cS;-. cJs-.oa^H £ ^ £££ ££ :*£ S £ft£ 5£;gg W ft ftftftft^« J- -tJ S- -4—1 h a to H3 h3 a a - - <— ' a - »h O " ~ r- 1 - Hft ^sft C -u> CJ !h c3 H ^fe H3 6 § O © < -»' 55 22©H^^ H HftH^£-2ft~ a a H ^ g^.22 Cl *J O ■'-"Tj ioHCOOOCC^O'SH ai'tf H O ^ O ^ -t 1 QO C OORCOHOHiO*fH-yiOHiOH-t< LP -t CO H TO &b -g . *3 -4-3 ^J ^J -iJ +i ri & m S m S a a ^ a a a a a a a «5 ^ a 3 © £ c © 5 © © © © © 5 © M £ft£ i;ft a-, 3 S a gft &a* a-. KPftftft ^5ft Ph ^^ <1 ft co "^ a rtf fH r^ *""' *^5 rt r^ c3 r^ rt i-fl O Ol ft (M ft CO O oi OtM H'MCO'N Qci ft H • p ft ^ p.rS r2 "5 a •? &~ ^=.22 ,2^^ = ^^; — ^^: a S 3 a S a a 356 SCRAPS FROM THE TRISON TABLE. o O ft (ft" m i— i m h o m o H ft "A & *— i O o m fft o I— I PS ft • h3 P* tM o3 CO o p co" V. ^ ©1 O ** - 1—1 o «•>•*•*• rH O " 1-1 O § O ^ft aft ~* •* *■ -- 1 o CD .3 ft ■ ~i ft •n ft na ft +3 p JJ a ^3 a ^ « .u. 3 u M c3 fH a eS ^a h 03 !-( P" O o O --< O CD O T^ o fN CO 1—1 Eci hH to ^fehPfe h2EL, d O 1— 1 ftft fthwffi^ pq ^K ^ e>oftft O >^ •— 03 > o -us o • en CD CD .CD CD CD • o C? CD 3- CD CD O bJO CD CD . CD .-h O • CD CD a- a. ^ ° r3 CD P. CD o_ co cd en en 'co 'en m in t> en en CO P ?i CD DO ,JT _a o CO T3 CO ■t3 © -a o uo CD -^ o o COO - r— i iO CO -H CO HMHO Ol i—l ^NTfi^cS _^ ^ ^ J jj -tJ ■*J -ij 43 ^i a a a a a a a Ol Oft 3 3 3 a ft s TO "-t Oh! « .2 a ftoo CD CD CD CD ^ ^ ft ft ^ co T3 co TS ^j H (M H 'M J CD ft* S en i—l CD ft S ■M CD CD ^ftg co 'C • i— i (M Qr • CO CD w pq^ ft 1-3 3Q o ftft 1^ . ft 5-1 S a" en o ^^ g o • ^ft sa en 1— ! p 6 >^ 33 c3 o3 O 3 .2 a~,2 "^ en co co w r^ co "(H ^ cd ,3 ns a o s en ^ ^ t3 % '£ "*1 'C -^ "(H > o a a c a a f-i P »H J- CS ^| cs! ^< tJ ■*-> S3 S3 03 eS rt Islfa eej cs =5 cS rq a K PC •::- ft fthS a 03 03 ft ft Ph Ph pq HK Kftft SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 357 01 O 7< •' CI •- — 01 •> CTJ f£i — i « >- crt s "O 1-0 iO Pi o " ■S . . . , >» . . tg . o .:: S o ^ o o^^o^ 01 "^ ^ 2 -• o ^ ~ ^ «cn'«^ Sc2c C C O <-> © s= .. O flgdg ^ Cj ^ N. N* O ^! — E - — ^ ^. %- V- i— /^ t^ . _ *^ ~ © != O i_L ^ ^ Clj 1 ^ !£ -.. Jr" O £D O > i; '^ „, ~ g-s- ra -s 13-sS-s-S-e § ^.s^-s str§ g-s c3 _Si P3 rz; 6 >* . "&.aj 6'phoj > 2 •- « * OT ^3 ? . •£? «3 • >V^ 02 « CO _ CO ^ §-ag-5b-| »So^ r35p-p g g p §-g g-S g .S g ^ M H t> rl r< T EH C rn r- 2 ^ 5 _=! .£2 ^ ^ ^ r-rH^r- ~ ^ rt m m t* -c e e n ^ : H > H H [> H .h tj rt rg ■£> c3 ^ -£ S to r3 J? ~£ ^3 n3 TJ J I" 1 ^3 J" -3 "TS J- to t-H C-) O C^ ^^ O CO — GO i—i Cq w> i— I C-1 (M OT fa Ol fa CI CO C-J -^ hh d «fi|ii ^ " m . • . -5 • _ . • . • ^ ^ ^ . • •-» § m ^ s ci^ J ^fa^cQ02fa>d .•-^ a^npp^gWp?^ . „_l_- c S^ . „-S KB C C'3'3 r 3 P-i'O '0^3'T3'T!'-Ci'^!r3'^i^_2 P>i^t^Cf^>>>>c:rtOCf=CCCCCC:CC!B-3 (Scjdcicis«!jfflOhHootioa)oooffl«i«.H 358 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. O o < ZQ m h O m o ' ^ rt M 1 r-i p— i 02 - ~4 a pq o o s= cop7 H ^ ^rH O nS •£ „ S o _2 £ « S -p £ M iff fe &< IB oa Ec. pq * CQ H Ci5 25 fflOD H fl O »-3 <3 P O O O (X! i— ( -' £ O Pd 2 EH S P3 P3 „ .2 .g ^ >»9 ( , JZ , » -r i>i i- m fi * o W o CS S 03 r-j o o P3 QP3 ^- >— — CTft .2 ^ .5 lOiQiOK) ~f - I—I -V "* OS A rH rH O IS c8 .>- Cu rn ^ o ri4 o o S ft? © rt © T— ' o - i—l K1' u S h=J M r n ^ o c c ^ tD O c3 o PCM i— i fa fa < ~ r— I O - I— H o - - O S?i— I O - i— I fcn ~ o - - - fa v^fa ^fa ffipQ^fa C3 fa fa Sfa o c* o CO r "1 H^. 'GO • o . o •wo Cn o -> Ph . • 02 *g s 3d *■; to 5 £> & ra o --« "H t; rS & .-■taaov.^v.^oOci.-ro 2^ H § *«« g gs * * s 3 slg- - - ogH^=: '£§ ^3 ^ ts ,-; 02 o co io o 00 02 KHoeioooao«« kOO^im O CI W O H -f ^f lQ CI ^ H H iQ -i< -n H - i< h M iQ CO >-« h ;o o -f 3 3 s • •? ; ; s a a 3 3 'rtoj'S^^ J 000 >>_2 o .S .5 o o .2 o o £; .2 o .g o .g >r q .h .rq &, e3 "3. c3 cS "^ "^ _. rt "^ "^ ^ 2 53 ""i "^ "^ u ^ -. hhm 3 >h *e +;i-iH^ S ^ 2 ■*? p— lM ^ Ph > 1— 1 ■" t— 1 - -*e ~ P .!_( Ph p* • — 1 ;-- .—i pL, p_, .00 m TJ o *- «2 «? rt oq ^3 « T3 02 O t- n3 e3 ^ tS i— I — I CI O — J H O O t—I CI O CI rH O I— 1 CI O CI O JJ rT^ -^^t-!_ ! -" : _ 1 0,'~o««'-'0^3^«0O0^- h T)O S fc 02 ot S t* ^ Et ^ ^ g= S-, S H^ -Q "3 ^ 3 bD &fi &C bX} bJO bC^3 _S oooocoooooooorsss 3 '— isscpp^^s r— . rr-.^-^H'HHr-Hl— it— I In M H I- Ir-HH— ' >— I ■— 1 HH M™, HrrHMHMrHHrtWHAWj'r — — r—, . — i ~~, ■ — I— I 1 — I 'SO SCEArS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. O o p OQ l— I (02 h o K O 1-5 P I— J. o o CO O m i— i P-, ^3 CM 01 •^ (3 T—l i— < cr ? o CO OT CM CM JO'S - - - CO ft) ft) ^ ► o o <1 Sh P. < p p~> >-- J 3 k-H k— 1 1-5 r^ <% p 1-5 2 - ■-d o "rj J3 =8 < O o co a .2 o o P p 9 ° CO -H k— 1 CO CO CO CO CO c3 TJ J4 "5 ^ <5 rjj -=■ .2 2 o ft) o s o V; P CO S3 a -13 ^2 « o "3 -P P, s - ^ P 60 Si i-i -g 1— 1 O 3 o I— o - O n3 a P 4^ Ph -..-) n3 ... -13 cu CO *s ^* ^ 03 P, — ^ o ^ n c3 to s- s- rt o o o - O O O o 03 O CU CO hH 1— 1 M-| CO — fc ^ Ph pq&^ — faO ^iP^k-H 6 o o - ft c^Q ^ Ws a ft rt ~- -l-i ^ s g 'So o 0) O o d ft) CO 6 Q3 CO [ississippi. see Cavalry, ssissippi. see Cavalry, nnessee. CO - - a CO 03 co sC 1 ^ . CU ^ M o 'co CO p CO o s CO o B E o « CO cu ft) - - o O S-t -. CO o ft> 1 En Eh "^3 O CO O co •- k— 1 HoincoH i—i im H ^ H lo - JJ 0! O ^_ jj ^j -u! ^J -u -4^ i-i ^j -i-i ^ p p" P P P P ri P P p p H P ^ 03 o o o o o.S ■J CU 03 o .P « p Pm "c3 ri P..- o3 J- h3r3 T3 TJ - 3 £ 3 3 J co r t3 co T3" *3 — n T3 co vn CO P. a 03 J? CO O Ph CO CM i— i CO t— I CM O CO r-l P- 1—1 C s O r-l d 03 525 d ^pp 1 . ,• ^ o cj ^ -^ • . n O 2 O 8 O -* o 2 a«icDtj^cu_2Mrtcs3r o J°, o — . oj « 3 o = S 5 « », S « k a a d is cj ^ -* -3 "" T3 "5 ^^^"^^"^vflj^^j ^^NN-WOr^i-lOO » u « ~ T) O r- • T H C. r ° O O mOJO 01 ~. oi Ol O -t* '■Q fa ~+< ~ft i— > •f ~~ H O CO TO -f CO -p -f rH -f — h — -f >-Q .= _o 3 • C J • 3 E3 O CJ >> o ^ o -a es T3 > 3 a •- «- -3 T3 ^ <3 13 J -3 -^ T3 U M H K O h -^ — i o a o ^5 5zj O GQ Ph o ►— ! P-i Ah nd C-l CM ^H >> 03 ■X5 0) O Ph 03 03 as & *-H r-*H pH Ph O <5 ft s < T3 03 ej P^ CD 't-i H 3 trj o o A 3 5 g o *^^ i Ph t-M CO CO >^ co c CO CO $ CO CC T3 -I-^'CJ " "T3 2 T3 ^ P>- ^03^3 O d >i "3 "~ g 'Is « - ~3 'ej <► "T3 ^ 03 r >- "« H s Q a a o c En o a - ^z bfiP^ w P 03 H o> o o 03 o g O ^r-t o i— i S ^_r 3 h T t t O ^ iS .5 ^ o 5Q filfi -3 o 2 ,~ 4-2 +3 -u c>_ -u 'do — 'P *J >■ H _2 O ^3 -^ o a S-. 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T3 O .3 d o O 5 ^ WOHOOO OQHM * p< . ^ 5"S » 2 c.s 5 g t3 >* T3 © « 03 «0 03 02 - 03 h fir , H ^ H ^ £ A A3 A CO "S ^3 O CO © © ifl H CO CO C iO -f . S3 . .1- I-, m m 3 • ^ M o: 2 .2 <£ 2 -^ c « : C 02 PH r n " « n ; a m -, £r.S-* a H ^ a 1 p. "C Umback, Ursej, R Vance, M SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 387 < ~ O 5 c a cs c 00 o o .00 °2 , • . °2 .,H 02 02 J-n 32 33 2 ^ >->2 -* ^3 T3 C ^ "^ S^-JffS oJd:Id^ t .d| Ij'dl. *h f fe ia cages'— rtfci ci~-.->t.r£2rts-i c3 > 02 CD £— 03 -» 33 02 3 5).h i^. > 02 &, >» C3 02 Q.-» 36 02 'EL • 03 ^ 03 02 >— ' « £ aa 5 « •G 03 02 O 02 .02 &H 03 •rt »2 02 02 «S ^ 03 £ 02 02 • .22 .""I L_i 02 c3 O „ ~ 03 «iH ^ ^ • a ?c a ^ ^ 02 Q2 = 2 O G C - ^ c 'S a d 02 Jj H-S 03 CO C a rgan's h Ten Missis Kent e 02 a §.2 p— — > "-' Bati Ten h Geoi hTe X rJ= 3 03 03 "2 ^? 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Alpheus Baker, Brigadier-General, Eufaula, Ala., Lawyer. Robert Andrews, Captain, Alabama, Farmer. T. M. Atkins, Colonel, Allenville, Ky., Farmer. W. T. Avery, transferred to P. 0. Dept., Memphis, Ten n.. Lawyer. 0. N. Avery, killed at the battle of the " Wilderness." T. C. Banks, Williamson co , Tenn , Farmer. T. J. Barrett, killed at the battle of Franklin, Tenn. Thos. Beaumont, Colonel, killed in action in Georgia. Joel A. Battel, Farmer, Tennessee H. L. Bedford, Memphis, Tennessee, Lawyer. N. J. Benson, Captain, Mississippi, Farmer. A. G. Berry, Tennessee, Teacher. J. N. Bolan, Murray, Kentucky, Dentist. .Leonidas Betts, Mississippi, Merchant. J. W. Bradshaw, Captain and Adjutant, Forrest's Cavalry, Nashville, Merchant. 0. W. Brown, Alabama, Lawyer. T. W. Brown, U. S. Publishing Compan} 7 , 411 Broome St., New York. J. P. Campbell, Adjutant, died in hospital duriug the war. W. R. Butler, Colonel, Commission Merchant, Murfreesboro'. Tennessee. J. W. Childress, Jr., Oapt., Merchant, Murfreesboro', Tenn. SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 39o J. B. Budwell, Warrington, Va. W. P. Clarkson, died in Texas, in spring of 1868. B F. Darnell, Way's Bluff, Miss., Farmer. J. B. B. Flint, Fulton, Miss., Druggist. G. W. B. Garrett, Major, Pocahontas, Term., Merchant. A. J. Gibson, Salem, Miss., Farmer. D. R. Dickson, Crump's Mill, Miss., Merchant. N. L. Daisy, Captain, Rickersville, Miss., Farmer. W. S. Bowdry, Baldwin, Miss., Merchant. J. Guerrant, Goochland C. H., Va. W. H Hedden, Captain, Memphis, Tenn., Merchant. T. T. Kirtland, Memphis, Tenn., Merchant. R. J. Hill, Orizaba, Miss., Merchant. M. P. Harbin, Orizaba, Miss , Farmer. J. H. Kennedy, Baldwin, Miss., Farmer. G. W. McCranie, Colonel, Monroe, Louisiana, Editor. J. F. Wilhight, Rockport, Boone co., Mo., Farmer. II. W. Salmon, Colonel, Clinton, Henry co., Mo. A. J. Witherspoon, Alabama, Minister. J* S. Thompson, Baldwiu, Mississippi, Teacher. J. C. Turner Captain, killed in action, 18(55. J. B. Purnell, Crump's Mill, Mississippi, Physician. J. Y. Moore, deceased. A D. Saddler, Captain, Baldwin, Mississippi, Miller. W. S. Rogan, Blackland, Mississippi, Farmer. J. H. Riddlesperger, Captain, Ruckersville, Miss., Farmer. W. C. Young, Captain, New Albany, Miss., Farmer. J. A. Warren, Friar's Point, Mississippi, Physician. A. D. Suddeth, Captain, Friar's Point, Mississippi. H. H. Robinson, Cottonplant, Mississippi, Farmer. E. Roberts, left the service. H. M. Smith, dropped from the rolls. John Shirley Ward, Nashville, Tennessee, Editor. T. E. Mallory, Captain, Adam's Sta., Tenn., Merchant. W. H. Harris, Major, New York city, Commission Merchant. H. V. Harrison, Captain, Springfield, Tennessee, Merchant. John Neil, Tennessee, Farmer. F. D. Overton, Nashville, Tennessee. G. M. Parker, Colonel, Mobile, Alabama, (Woodruff & Par- ker,) Merchants. W. G. Pease, Agent Fielding, Guinness & Co., New York. W. R. Poindexter, Tobacco Inspector, Brooklyn, N. Y. J. H. Gray, Richmond, Virginia. Lawyer. D. B. Griswold, Captain, Friar's Point, Miss., Merchant. 396 SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. R. H. McClellan, Captain, Charlotte, Term., Merchant. J. M. Winstead, Colonel, Nashville, Tenn., Merchant. John K Wright, killed in action. A. F. Smith, Clarksville, Tennessee, Merchant. J. Tally, Captain, died since the war. W. F, Young, Clarksville, Tennessee, Teacher. T. U. Titrnarsh, died i'n Memphis, Tennessee, 1867. W. A. Quarles, Brig. -Gen., ClarlcHville, Tenn., Lawyer. R. A. Wilson, Captain, New Providence, Tenn., Merchant. St. Clair Morgan, killed at Chickamauga. S. M. Thompson, Colonel, Alabama, Farmer. J. W. Bryan, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Farmer. Thomas Cibson, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. R. Seymour, Texas. J. A. Minter, Colonel, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. R. A. Mitchell, Captain, Lynnville, Tennessee, Merchant. W. 0. Watts, Major, New Orleans, Louisiana. .James A. Fisher, Tennessee, Farmer. F. Tryon, killed in action. J. W. Walker, Captain, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. S. P. Walker, Jr., Captain, Memphis, Tenn., Lawyer. J. Taylor, Mississippi, Farmer. H. P. Pointer, Spring Hill, Tennessee, Farmer. C. H. Stockdell. Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. B. F. Saunders, assassinated in North Carolina, in 1868. T. S. Sale, Memphis, Tennsssee. P. K. Stankewitz, Nashville, Tennessee, Janitor Med. Col. James Simmons, died in Arkansas. W. H. Joiner, Lieutenant-Colonel, Tennessee, Farmer. U. S. Lipscomb, Captain, Cincinnati, Ohio, Cotton Broker. b). W. Harlow, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. J. R. Hodges, died at Johnson's Island, 1862. A. J. Hughes, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. F. H. Lytle, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. A. J. Laird, Eufaula, Alabama. L. J. Laird, Eufaula, Alabama. A. S. Levey, Major, Memphis, Tennessee, Merchant. J. W. Lindsey, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. A. Lindsey, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. Josiah Joplin, Myrtle Springs, Bowie county, Texas, Farmer. 0. F. Johnson, Colonel, Tyler, Johnson & Co., Louisville, Kentucky, Merchants. G. R. G Jones, Memphis, Tennessee, Lawyer. G. W. Gordon, died at Vicksburg, Miss., September, 1862, SCRAPS FROM THE PRISON TABLE. 397 A. W. Gould, killed in Tennessee. J. F. Grant, Pulaski, Tennessee, Physician. E. F. Freeman, Memphis, Tennessee, Physician. Leslie Ellis, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. •John R. Farrabe. died in Mississippi, 1867. A. C. Gibson, Major, Clinton, Mississippi, Fanner. T. R. Kelsey, killed in action. J P. Kirkman, frozen to death, near Columbia, Tennessee, 1867. J. McDaniels, Nashville, Tennessee, Printer. R. McCall, Captain, Bethesda, Tennessee, Merchant. W. D. McKay, Captain, Louisville, Kentucky. R. D Palmer, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. A. J. McWhorter, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant. F P. McWhorter, Nashville, Tennessee, Merchant J. W. Martin, Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Physician. D. B. Martin, Union City, Tennessee. ' F. D. Moore. Humboldt, Tennessee, M. & 0. R. R. Officer. J. W. Morton, Jr , Captain, Nashville, Tennessee, Physician. M. Burke, Nashville, Tennessee, Steamboat Man. •I- G. Crowder, killed at Franklin, Tennessee vSix years have elapsed since these " scraps " were written. Constant travel since the war and want of op- portunity has prevented their publication, yet the writer deems them as appropriate to-day as then, and has no alterations to make in them— regretting naught. Ho ! for a Trip 'Round the World. The following card of the agencies of Dr. H. L. Leaf, is published as a complimentary gratuity, to a friend of the author's childhood. The Pacific railroad, upon its completion, will open to the South an immense trade, uniting her with the world in commercial links. Much of this will find its way through New York and Philadelphia ; and, as 'tis more than probable, Dr. Leaf will be the Philadelphia agent of that railroad line — as he has been for so many years the com- petent representative of the steamship interests — it is well that the Southern people should know him. There are but few men of our day whose lives have been so full of adventure, as that of Dr. Harlan L. Leaf — twenty-eight trips across the Isthmus, ventures to the Sandwich Islands, New Zealand and other parts of the world. Testamonials from communities for his humane efforts (in one instance risking health and life to assist in ameliorating the condition of his fellow man, which effort was recognized by the grateful recipients, and the gallant Leaf wears a maguificent watch, as a testimonial of their estimate of his worth); an Indian fighter during the Texas struggle; a traveler over the length and breadth of his own country, with a well stored mind, the result of a thorough classical education, stamps Dr. Leaf as one of the most remarkable men of our times; and it is to such a character that our Southern, traveling community should look for facilities, when their objective point is either of the four quarters of the globe. Dr. Leaf is a true man, with extraordinary business qualifications ; is honest to the letter and spirit of his calling, and as a faithful agent he has no superior; and, while a staunch defender of the Union cause during our late struggle, he was ever humane and generous in Ins dealings with Southern citizens ; and the traveling public South can rest assured, that all those desirous of going to any part of the world, will be furnished extra facilities by consulting, either by letter or in person, Dr. II. L. Leaf, (at Adams Express Co., 320 Chestnut street,) or that old hero of the Pacific and Neptune of the Atlantic, the courtly Captain P. R. Baby, the New York agent of the Pacific Mail Steamship Company, whose knowledge of his duties is alone ex- celled by his generosity. The author has crossed the Atlantic on the Cunard, Inman, Collins and French Trans- Atlantic lines, and deems the latter the best that ever crossed the ocean. George Mackenzie, the agent at New York, is one of the most accomplished gentlemen and best budness managers on the continent of America. But, if the traveler prefers an English line, advise with Messrs. How- land and Aspinwall, (or their agent, Dr. Leaf,) of New York, who are courteous in their business dealings, and represent one of the best English lines — the London Steamship) Company. For a supe- rior route to reach the North, take the Memphis and Louisville Road and the Atlantic and Great Western— they are the best, because Col. Samuel Jones, of the former, and Colonel Sitattuuk, of the latter, are the most compatent railroad managers in the United States. If you move by water, take any boat that John C. Davis' or Frank Stein commands. H. L. LEAF'S STEAMSHIP PASSAGE ID Fill FSflT OFFICE. AT THE ADAMS EXPRESS COMPACT, NO. 320 CHESTNUT ST., PHILADELPHIA. Prices of Passage the same in Philadelphia as in New York. Refer to Refer to At>ams Express Co. ""CirJL. Kinsley Express Co. Howard Express Co. HWilk \V. B. Dinsmore, President Adams American European Express Co. A te V' l T'st, Express Co. Wei.t.s, Fargo & Co. 3ffi§&iSiii Dbexki. & Co. Harnden Express Co. ^6-j.^-hi.'.^- ' Jay Cook & Co. E. S. Saneorp, &c. To California, Japan, China, Australia, New Zealand, Smith and Central America, ^ ■ 1 $ m o ■' . *b : ^ a <^ 8(1 ^ v vv ■■--' ^ * I , o> f o V °^ N o r^> <$ S * * /-^ *b^ o *>