*'% ° • « s ''bv*' :m^^^. 'fu.r.^ .V'^a'- v^,>' .>o y.«ii^'\. ^^o^ jp-n*. •' \,^' '\ XT* A >• /-^ • <^^ '«>• MEMORY AIDS TO THE History of the United States, ^ A SUPPLEMENT ^..jfconq^ - as 1889^), SCHOOL HISTORIES. COPYRIGHT, 1888, BY J. MONT. GROSS. ' CHICAGO: A. FLANAGAN, Publisher. 1889. MEMORY AIDS BIOGRAPHY. MEMORY AIDS TO GENERAL HISTORY. MEMORY AIDS TO Biblical and Ecclesiastical Chronology; AND TO A HARMONY OF THE GOSPELS. En? PREFKCE. In general, a grOLii)ing of events, and a chronological associa- tion of the less important with the more salient, may prove satisfactory. Not infrequently, however, a command of individual dates is desired. But these are difficult to remember. They afford but limited means for ideal correlation, and are fixed in the mind, if remembered at all, by direct, unaided, mental effort. The result is, that not many need the injunction, "Commit but ew dates to memory. " In view of this, the following pages have been prepared. It is believed that they offer to all who desire a better knowledge of the Chronology of the History of the United States, the means of exchanging dnidger-y for recreation; and the power of, acquiring, readily, any desired command of dates. Although it is not presumed that any one should commit to memory all the "mnemonized" dates, yet there may be but little presented that some one may not wish to remember. It will be observed that the expedients used are not "lumber;" but that the phrases and sentences employed are related to the subjects, and, generally, throw additional light on the events whose dates thev involve. EXPLANATIONS. The key to the Hteral substitutions is as follows: o I 2 3 4 5 1 6 7 8 9 s t n m ' J c(an) f P z d w g(ent) k V b c(entj th wh ch(in) h sh zh g(o) chrord) "g qu ph All number letters are italicized. All substitutes and equivalents represent the same numerals as principals represent. Silent letters do not represent numerals. The one (thousand) of dates is omitted. Dates of the nineteenth century omit i8. Dates are represented, as may be found most convenient: (i) By a single word, as: 1492. Euro/ea;/. (2) By two VN ords, as: T492. /v'oman Pontiff. (3) By three words, as: 1492. The result of /opular i//telligence. If a single word is used, the first three consonants that are not silent, represent the numerals. If two words are used, the first numeral is represented by the first significant consonant of the first word, and the second and third, by the first two significant consonants of the second word. If three words are used, the first significant consonant of each word, represents a numeral. Additional words have no representative value. To facihtate the formation of words, vowels represent no numerals. To facihtate the formation of phrases and sentences, articles, the present and past tenses indie, mode of "be," prepositions and conjunctions, represent no numbers. CONTENTS. Discoveries and Explorations Virginia Massachusetts New York, New Hampshire New Jersey Connecticut Rhode Island Pennsylvania Delaware Maryland North CaroUna South Carolina Georgia Vermont Kentucky Tennessee Ohio Louisiana Indiana Mississippi lUinois Alabama Maine Missouri Arkansas Michigan 7 9 lO II 12 13 13 14 15 16 16 17 18 18 19 19 19 20 20 21 21 21 22 22 22 22 23 Page. Florida 23 Texas 23 Iowa 24 Wisconsin 24 California 24 Minnesota 25 Oregon 25 Kansas 25 Nebraska. 26 Nevada 26 Colorado 26 West Virginia 26 New Mexico 26 Utah 27 Washington 27 Dakota 27 Arizona 27 Idaho 27 Montana 27 Wyoming 27 Alaska 28 Indian Territory 28 King William's War 28 Queen Anne's War 28 King George's War 29 French and Indian War 29 The Revolutionary War 30 6 CONTENTS. Page Page Washington's Administration. 35 Taylor's Administration . . .. 44 Adams' ' 36 Fillmore's u 44 J efferson's ' 37 Pierce's a 45 Madison's ' 38 Buchanan's u 45 Monroe's ' 40 Lincoln's u 46 J. Q. Adams' ' 41 Johnson's (C 49 Jackson's ' 41 Grants' u 50 Van Buren's * 42 Hayes' (( 51 Harrison's ' 42 Garfield's u 51 Tyler's ' 43 Arthur's 11 51 Polk's * 43 Cleveland's (( 52 DISCOVERIES AND EXPLORATION. Greenland discovered. 985. A dleak, /rosty /and. Lief in New England. 1000, bailed from Leland, i-outhwestwardly. Icelandic settlements on the New England coast. 1007. Icelandic aj-sertions, ^rredible. The Cape of Good Hope discovered. i486. The result, voyages to As\3.. America discovered by Columbus. 1492. A remarkably ^old u//dertaking. The Cabots discover the mainland of N. A. 1497. The result, British rlaims. India reached by way of the Cape of Good Hope. 1498. i^eached a/ort in the /ar East. Columbus reached S. A. near the Ormoco river. 1498. The Orinoco, a /rominent /eature. Voyage of Amerigo Vespucci. 1499. Wrongful bestowal of a/pellation. Cabral discovered Brazil. 1500. PF//ile j-aihng j-outhward. Death of Columbus. 1506. ^ent to ^ain in diains. Florida discovered by de Leon. 15 1 2. Zeon ^ied of L/dian wounds. Balbra discovered the Pacific ocean. 1 5 13. W^idth, Mousands of ;;/iles. 8 iMEMORY AIDS DeAyllon's scheme to enslave Indians. 1520. A 7£/icked and i;zfamous j^cheme. Conquest of Mexico, by Cortez. 152 1. Wonderful i;//egrity. First circumnavigation of the globe. 1522. Wiseacres u;/convinced and i;zcredulous still. Verazzani explored the Atlantic coast. 1524. A/ready k;/own to Europeans. (Cabot). Narvaez's wanderings in Florida. 1528. The [panderings u;//ortunate. j Cartier explored the St. Lawrence river. { 1535- The ?Faters ;mles 7£/ide. , DeSoto discovered the Mississippi river. 1541. The waters of the river /urbid. Elizabeth, Queen of England. 1558. E/izabeth /iked /lattery. St. Augustine, is founded by Melendez. 1565. A 7r'ell-r//osen /ocation. De Gourges' revenge. 1568. Zawlessness i'urely ajvenged. Frobisher sought a northwest i)assage. 1576. Zeft E/z^^i-land for A^ia. Sir Francis Drake's explorations. 1579. [Wintered in the ^rapacious /^ay of San Francisco. Santa Fe founded. (Probably). 1582. The /ocation /ar i;zland. Gilbert's voyage to Newfoundland. T583. Zost in the/oaw. Raleigh's patent. 1584. E/izabeth /lattered by i?aleigh. Tobacco introduced into England from America. 1586.- fFelcomed by the/aj-/nonable. A colony at Roanoke Island. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. () 1587. Zost z/irtims. Cape Cod discovered by Gosnold. 1602. Shortened sqcL /navigation by sailing directly west- ward. James I, King of England. 1603. yames of ^codand — ;//onarch. Port Royal, N. S , settled. 1605. The ir/iosen i-ite, e/igible. London and Plymouth companies chartered. 1606. ykmes aj'sumed to r//arter. Quebec founded, by Champlain. 1608. C//amplain j-elected a/oundation. The Hudson river discovered. 1609. ZTudson j-ought the /'acific. John Smith explored the coast of New England. 1614. C//arted the /rend. Marquette's explorations. 1673. ybliet accompanied J/arquette. VIRGINIA. Jamestown settled. 1607. ybhn 6'mith, governor. Marriage of Pocahontas. 16 13. The c/iiePs daughter carried. Tobacco culture commenced. 1615. yames rt'etested the 7£'eed. (Counterblast). First representative assembly in America. 16 1 9. C/nosen directly by the/eople. . Women imported. 1 6 19. C/ieered disconsolate <^achelors. Negro slavery introduced. 1620. yamestown, the i;/itial of j-lavery. Cotton first planted in Virginia. lO MEMORY AIDS 162 1. The ^erm of an i;/^/ustry. First Indian war. 1622. yealousy i//liamed the Indians. Virginia, a royal province. 1624. The ular. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. A separate royal province. 1741. 6^overned by royal au//;ority. NEW JERSEY. Bergen settled by the Dutch. 1624. On the j-//ores of a ;/oble river. Elizabethtown settled by the English. 1664. yersey's E;/^lish origin. Quit-rent riots. 1672. yersey Guns. Division into East and West Jersey. 1677. yersey mt across, t^ast Jersey purchased by Penn. 1682. The yersey s/ormally u^nted. Andros, governor. 1688. yames' /oolish //zilosophy. Cornbury, the queen's cousin, governor. 1 702. Cousin. A separate royal province. 1738. An a^^opeful ;;/en from yJ/ass. Windsor and Weathersfield settled. 1635. A genuine e/;ngration z<:/estward. Saybrook founded. 1635. An ac/zievement managed by JFinthrop. Migration to Hartford, under Hooker. 1636. yust the wan for the yburney. 14 MEMORY AIDS Pequod War. 1637. ZTostile ;;/en ejcterminate. New Haven founded. 1638. C//urch members, /reemen. Hartford, Windsor and Weathersfield united. 1639. A yoining iw/act. League of the New England Colonies. 1643. A gtrm. Boundary treaty with the Dutch. 1650. yoined on the W^si. Winthrop obtains a Charier. 1662. The C//arter ^ewerous. New Haven united with the other Colonies. 1665. The C//arter /oined a/1. Andros attempts to assume the government. 1675. C//arles' r/aw. The Charter Oak episode. 1687. The C//arter in the /amous oa^. The Charter Oak blown down. 1856. 0/d a^^e. Andros deprived of office. 1689. yames' /oily /^ears fruit. Fletcher attempts to control the militia. 1693. C//ecked by a Clustering wilitia captain. Yale College founded. 1700. Clergymen ej-tablished the school. RHODE ISLAND. Providence founded by Roger Williams. 1636. yustice to ?;/an aj-mred. Newport settled. 1639. yustice, the woving principle. Williams obtains a Charter. 1644. A Oarter, Tt'oger's reward. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. 1 5 A liberal constitution adopted. 1647. Aj-j-Lired rights constitutionally. Charles II's charter. 1663. The C//arter aj-j-ured the maintenance of privileges. King Philip's war. 1675. The C//ief /^i/led. The Charter dissolved; afterwards resumed. 1687. yames'ybolish course. A state constitution adopted. 1842. ^e//ovation. PENNSYLVANIA. A Swedish fort at Tinicum island. 1643. The G^rm. Penn's grant. 1 68 1. CV/arles /avored the Admiral's son. Penn's arrival. 1682. A y'udicibus /bu;/der. Philadelphia founded. 1683. C/zarity /ound an embodiment. Penn deprived of the government. 1692. The c/^arges /referred, u/zjust Proprietary rights restored to Penn. 1694. The fton. Peace. 1697. The ij-j-ue, an a^^ortive compact. QUEEN ANNE'S WAR. Beginning of the war. (Spanish succession). 1702. The controversy soon i/zvolved the Colonies. Deerfield, Mass., burned. 1 704. Captives in i-ervitude. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. . 29 Port Royal, x\cadia, captured. 1 7 10. The ejti^edition //^oroughly j-uccessful. Unsuccessful expedition against Canada. 1 71 1. The e.vpedition /erminated ^/isastrously. Peace. 1 713. Concluded /ewporarily. KING GEORGE'S WAR. The war began. (Austrian succession). 1744. The Colonists ready to resume quar;els. Louisburg captured. 1745. A" e.rpedilion reduced Zouisburg. Disastrous expedition of the French fleet. 1746. Crui-/;ed. Peace. 1 748. Conquests restored ee^ery where. FRENCH AxND INDIAN WAR. The Ohio company formed. 1748. A ^rant in the river Z'alley. Washington sent to St. Pierre, by Dinwiddle. 1753- Crossed the A/leghany yl/ountains. Great meadows and Ft. Necessity. 1754. Compelled ?Fashington to retreat. The French expelled from Nova Scotia. 1755. The ejcpulsion, 7£/icked work. Braddock's defeat near Ft. DuQuesne. 1755. A catastrophe in the z£/i/derness. Defeat and victory of the British near Lake George. 1755. Ejcrchanged /ucklessness for Aickiness. War declared between England and France. 1756. Contentions about o/d ij-j"ues. Oswego captured by Montcalm. 1756. Occupancy of the /ake s/iore. 30 MEMORY AIDS The Indians defeated at Kittaning, Pa. 1756. Consternation among western //ordes. Ft. William Henry snrrendered to Montcalm. 1757. The E;/o-lish /ost a^ain. Abercrombie repulsed at Ticonderoga. 1758. A ^reat /oss at Fi. Ticonderoga. Amherst captured Louisburg. 1758. The rapture of Zouisburg e/fected. Ft. Frontenac captured by the English. 1758. E;i;cellent ztvork at To-ontenac. Ft. DuQuesne occupied by the British. 1758. Occupied the 7£/estern /ort. Ticonderoga and Crown Point abandoned by the French. 1759. -^1^ acceptable /i<^eration. Niagara surrendered to the English. 1759. A^"^ acquisition on the z^estern border. Battle of Plains of Abraham. Quebec surrendered. 1759. C^allant [Folfe's /luck. Montreal surrendered to Amherst. 1760. Closed the ij-j-uej-. George III. King of England. 1760. ^ing Ceorge's j-ixty years. Peace and treaty of Paris. 1763. ^ing Ceorge, waster of America. THE REVOLUTIONARY WAR. The Stamp Act passed. 1765. E;/^lish yea/ousy. The Colonian congress met at New York. 1765. Colonial yea/ousy. The Stamp Act repealed. 1766. The crown /^oped to c//eck dissatisfaction. Tax on tea, glass, etc. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. 1767. The (frown's //aughty daims reaffirmed. Boston massacre. 1770. The (folonists e.rasperated the j-oldiers. The "Tea Party" in Boston harbor. 1773. ^ ^'Liaint ^owpany. Boston Port Bill passed. 1774. x\ ^illed, Count /^ulaski. Charleston besieged by the British. 1780. Clinton /orced the rity to surrender. The Americans defeated at Monk's Corner. 1 780. The Continental /orces j-urprised. The Americans defeated at Waxhaw Creek. 1780. A rruel z^ij-itation. Gates defeated at Sanders' Creek. 1780. Cates'/inality at 6'anderL' Creek. Sumter routed at Fishing Creek. 1780. By a rruel o/fi^arge. The Leopard attacked the Chesapeake. 1807. 6'ingular conduct. Embargo on American ships. 1807. Stopped commerce. Fulton's steamboat on the Hudson river. 1807. A i-u^rcess. ^S MEMORY AIDS The embargo repealed. 1809. ^Strong o/position prevailed. MADISON'S ADMINISTRATION. James Madison inaugurated president. 1809. A i-taid /resident. The President (Am.) defeated the little Belt. 181 1. A/oned for the a/tack on the Chesapeake. Harrison defeated the Indians at Tippecanoe. 181 1. A ^/ecisive defeat. Louisiana admitted into the Union. 18 1 2. Admitted into the U;/ion. War declared against England. 181 2. Z>etermined to e?/force rights. Defeat and victory at Brownstown. 1812. A defeat i^zverted. The Essex (Am.) captured the Alert. 181 2. /decided i/zstantly. Detroit surrendered, by Hull. 1812. 77^oroughly i;?timidated. The Constitution (Am.) captured the Guerriere. 181 2. /Nacres i;/clined to procrastinate. The Americans defeated at Queenstown. 1812. Z>efeat, no re-enforcements. The Wasp (Am.) captured the Frolic. 181 2. A /riumph near JV. C. The U. S. (Am.) captured the Macedonian. 1812. /Decatur's i/?trepidity won. The Constitution (Am.) captured the Java. 181 2. A ^/isastrous e;2gagement, near Brazil. Battle of Frenchtown. 1813. A disaster at J/onroe. The Hornet (Am.) captured the Peacock. 1813. Arti'ded to American honors. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. Capture of York, now Toronto. 1813. Attested American valor. Siege of Ft. Meigs, by Proctor. 18 13. The a/tempt ;;/iscarried. Ft. George captured by the Americans. 1813. Of advantage to the Awericans. Sackett's Harbor attacked. 18 1 3. An a/'te;;/pt. The Shannon captured the Chesapeake, (Am). 18 13. A ^ying ;?zan's words. Croghan repulsed the British at Ft. Stephenson. 1813. A ifrue A;;2erican. The Argus (Am.) captured by the Pelican. 1 8 13. /destroyed wany vessels before being captured. Massacre at Ft. Mimms. 18 13. A /errible wassacre. The Enterprise (Am.) captured the Boxer, off Maine. 1813. /delighted J/aine. Perry's victory on Lake Erie. 18 13. Z>elighted A;;^erica. Harrison defeated Proctor, at the Thames 18 13. Z^etroit and J/ichigan redeemed. Battle of Williamsburg. 18 13. A^/vance i;;zpeded. Battle of Tohopeka. End of Creek War. 1 8 14. A f/ioYOugh rout by Jackson. Two vessels captured the Essex, (Am.) 1 8 14. Terrain ation. Williamson defeated at LaColle. 1 8 14. A drone. The Americans captured Ft. Erie. 18 14. 7;'ansgression. Battle at Chippewa. 40 MEMORY AIDS 1814. The /est of recruits against veterans. Battle of Lundy's Lane. 18 14. /determined resistance. Washington captured and partially burned. 1814. Z>astardly ^oss. Battle of Plattsburg and Lake Champlain. 1 8 14. An advance arrested. Bombardment of Ft. McHenry. 18 14. An a/tempt to reach Baltimore. Jackson compelled the British to leave Pensacola. 1 8 14. A ^/etermined and original character. The Hartford convention. 1814. /disaffection regretted afterwards. Treaty of peace signed at Ghent. 1 8 14. 7/-eaty. Jackson defeated the British at New Orleans. 181 5. Additional /aurels. War with Algiers. 181 5. The Z^ey of A/giers humbled. The Bank of the U. S. chartered for twenty years. 18 1 6. /distrust of (r//artered privileges. Indiana admitted into the Union. 1 8 16. 7i-anquillity assured by Tippecanoe. MONROE'S ADMINISTRATION. James Monroe inaugurated president. 181 7. An a^/ministration of ejcpansion. Mississippi admitted into the Union. 181 7. Adapted to nent. The Kansas-Nebraska Bill passed. 1854. J^Farfare the result. BUCHANAN'S ADMINISTRATION. James Buchanan inaugurated president. 1857. A wsiY doud appears. Dred Scott decision. 1857. Az<:/akened ej^^citement. Minnesota admitted into the Union. 1858. ^iPater/ountains, (river sources). Mt. Vernon Association, Mt. Vernon bought. 1858. Through /adies' e/forts. The Panama railroad opened. 1858. /^Fidened/acilities for commerce. Oregon admitted into the Union. 1859. ?l^estern /rogress. John Brown's raid, Harper's Ferry. 1859. A wi\d/>]a.n. South Carolina seceded from the Union. i860, yiistified j-ecession. Majer Anderson withdrew to Ft. Sumter. i860. C/zagrined j-eceders. The "Star of the West" fired upon. 1 86 1. To r//eck the a/tempt to supply Ft. Sumter. 46 MEMORY AIDS Secession of Miss., Fla., Ala., Ga., La. and Tex. 1 86 1. A tr/^allenging a/titude. Kansas admitted into the Union. 1861. yiist in /ime for war. Southern Confederacy formed. 1 86 1. A /hopeless artempt. Jefferson Davis, president of the Confederacy. 1 86 1, yefferson Z^avis. LINCOLN'S ADMINISTRATION. Abraham Lincoln inaugurated president. 1 86 1 yiist and /rue. A/tack on Ft. Sumter. Troops called for. An addition to the Confederacy, (Va). Z^avis offered letters of marque and reprisal. Z>ecision to blockade southern ports. Troops attacked in Baltimore, /destruction of public property at Norfolk and Harper's Ferry. Tenn., Ark. and N. C. seceded. Aid to Confederacy by recognition as belligerents, by England, France, Spain and Portugal. Z>efeat of Confederates at Philippi, Va. Z^eath of Stephen A. Douglas. Z>efeat of Unionists at Big Bethel, Va. Z>efeat of Confederates at Booneville, Mo. Z>iscretion induced Lincoln to convene Congress. T^efeat of Unionists at Carthage, Mo. Z?efeat of Confederates at Rich Mt., Va. Z^efeat of Confederates at Carrick's Ford, Va. Defeat of Unionists at Bull Run, Va. Au///ority granted to raise 500,000 men. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. 47 Z>efeat of Unionists at Wilson's Creek, Mo. A faring capture at Hatteras Inlet, N. C. /defeat of Confederates at Cheat Mt., Va. Z^espairing Unionists surrender at Lexington, Mo. The distinguished General Scott resigns. The advancement of Gen. McClellan. Additional capture of forts — Port Royal, S. C. - /disadvantageous termination at Belmont, Mo. The Trent affair. Mason and SHdell captured. 1862. U;?ionist victory at Mill Spring, Ky. Umted States gunboats reduce Ft. Henry, Tenn. Umonists capture ^loanoke Island, N. C. Umonists under Grant capture Ft. Donelson, Tenn. Unionist victory at Pea Ridge, Ark. E;/gagement between the Merrimac and Monitor. iVewbern, N. C, captured. Unionist victory at Shiloh, Tenn. U;/ionists capture Island No. 10. U/aonists capture Ft. Pulaski, Ga. Incision into the Gordian Knot — slavery prohibited in the District of Columbia. iVew Orleans captured Engagement at Williamsburg, Va. iVbrfolk, Va., occupied by Union forces. Indecisive action at Fair Oaks. A new Conf. Commander-in-chief — Lee. Unionists capture Memphis. Untying the Gordian Knot — slavery prohibited in the territories of the U. S. Unexampled destruction during the seven days' fight. Enforcement of a draft for 300,000 men. Indecisive engagement at Cedar Mt., Va. Engagements between Manasses and Washington. 48 MEMORY AIDS iVelson defeated at Richmond, Ky. hivsision of Maryland by Lee. Umonists repulse Confederates at South Mt., Md. Investment and capture of Harper's Ferry, by Jackson. A;^tietam — Lee compelled to retreat. Unionist victory at Inka, Miss. A/«nouncement of the Emancipation Proclamation. Unionists repulse confederates at Corinth, Miss. Unionists' victory at Perryville, Ky. A new Union commander in the East — Burnside, Unionists defeated at Fredericksburg, Va. Unsuccessful attack on Vicksburg, Miss. 1863. The E/;zancipation Proclamation issued. The wastery of Galveston by the Confederates. At J/urfreesboro, Tenn. — a desperate battle. y¥cClernand and P©rter capture Arkansas post. J/aneuvres by Jackson. Defeat of Hooker at Chan- cellorsville. A J/ississippi campaign — Grant's battles. J/aryland again invaded by Lee. The J/other repudiated — W. Va. a state. J/eade Commander-in-chief of the Army of the Potomac. A wortal combat at Gettysburg, Pa. A /nemorable day — Vicksburg surrendered. The iHf ississippi opened by the surrender of Port Hudson. MsLuy killed during the New York draft riots, il/organ's raid. The ;nastery with Bragg — Chickamauga. The ynastery with Grant — Chattanooga. Emulation at Knoxville — Burnside — Longstreet. 1864. The rise of Grant — Lieutenant General. An order issued for 500,000 men. The i?ed river expedition unsuccessful. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. 49 The Army of the Potomac advanced under Grant. i?esisted in the Wilderness by Lee. The army under Sherman advanced towards Atlanta. i?eckless bravery. Battles near Spottsylvania C. H., Va. J^out of Sigel near New Market, Va. i?epulse at Cold Harbor, Va. i?epulse of Confederates at Piedmont, Va. i?esistance at Petersburg, Va., effective. The renowned Alabama sunk by the Kearsarge. Early defeated Wallace at Monocacy. Arrival of Sherman before Atlanta. The raiding of Chambersburg, Pa. The result of Petersburg mine explosions unsatisfactory. J?eopening of Mobile Bay by Fairagut. The army of Sherman victorious— occupied Adanta. ieepulse of Confederates by Sheridan, at Winchester. Fisher's Hill and Cedar Creek, Va. The arrival of Sherman at Savannah. The great march. 1865. The /oss to the Confederates of Ft. Fisher, N. C. The 7£'ary Sherman occupies Columbia, S. C. The /eading Confederate city— Charleston— captured. W^ilmington, N. C, captured. A /aw passed estabUshing a Freedmen's Bureau. The /ast struggle between Sherman and Johnston. The 7£'edge— Sheridan's victory at Five Forks, Va. Zee compelled to evacuate Richmond. Zee surrendered to Grant. Zincoln assassinated. JOHNSON'S ADMINISTRATION. Andrew Johnson inaugurated president. 1865. /ohnson"s 7m\\. Johnston surrendered to Sherman. 50 MEMORY AIDS 1865. yohnston's work done. Generals Taylor and Smith surrender, .1865. Aj-i-ured of /iberal treatment. Amnesty Proclamation issued. 1865. /ohnson's /iberality. Slavery constitutionally abolished. XIII Amendment. 1865. yiistice to a/1. Freedmen's Bureau Bill passed over vetoes. 1866. ybhnson agitated. Atlantic telegraph cable successfully laid. 1866. An a^e of achievement. Nebraska admitted into the Union. 1867. yoined the Confederacy of states. Reconstruction and tenure of office acts passed over vetoes. 1867. yohnson ejtcited. Alaska purchased. 1867. ybhnson's a^rquisition, XIV Amendment adopted. 1868. A.yjured e/fective protection. Johnson impeached. 1868. The c/isivges /ailed to be sustained. GRANTS ADMINISTRATIOiY. Ulysses S. Grant inaugurated president. I ^69. The c/ioice of the /eople. The Pacific railroad completed. 1869. ybined the Pacific to the Atlantic. XV Amendment adopted. 1870. Equality in citizenship. Gen. Robert E. Lee died. 1870. The neatest jouthron. The Chicago Fire. TO UNITED STATES HISTORY. 5 1 187 1. Great ^/estruction. The Alabama claims adjusted. 1872. Claims i;zvestigated. The Boston Fire. 1872. A iTO/zflagration. A financial panic. 1873. ^^ CUICACO. A. I'I,AN.U;AX, Pi DIjsiiKK. W 85 o « o ' ,0' •^^. ♦ «? •>! »»^ o«. 4?-^*.. ■•. '■^•s>^^ ^ ° -^^^^ -♦ %*^„ •^-i ,^ ..... ^<> '" .>^..v,r*o^ •" ^-^^ ... -^- ^0* ^*1.'Z'.^> V .^L'xLr* '«i. ^0* »!••'. *> . *^^* 's j'Xmm' .'^^'^'^^ r..^ I B Ao^ 40^ f ■ ^•^^c,*^' >° o^°\'•^^/°- 9 e^ ..r »i