SERMON DELIVERED AT WESTFIELD, Noybmbsu ISth I81f ; AT TUB FVNE8AL 07 iMqf. Gen. WILLIAM SHEFAliD, AGED EIGHTY. COMTAIXIKC BRIEF SKETCHES OF HIS LIFE, By ISAAC KNAPI*, A. M. rASTOft OF THB COKCRBOAtlONAI. CKUECS. kO'l&Sc 1PU8LSSHED BY REqUESTa SPRINGFIELD, MS. VKINTEID BT THOMAS DtCSMAHo 1818. A SERMON. 2 CHRONICLES, xxxv. 24. And all Judah and Jerusalem mourned for JosiAi* THE history of God's ancient covenant people fur- nishes striking proofs, that the hearts of men arc strongly inclined to depart from the right vyays of the Lord, God gave them statutes which were good ; but they quick- ly corrupted and forsook his ordinances, and worshipped the gods of the heathen. Deaf to warnings and mad upon their idols, they proceeded from evil to eviL The sacred edifice on Mount Zion, where the God of Israel had placed his name, was almost deserted. Their polluted hearts loathed those holy rites which God had instituted. Delighted with the abominations of the heathen, they builded altars for Baalim and worshipped the hosts of hea- ven. All sinful nation^ a people laden with iniquity^ a seed of evil doers, children that are corrupters ! They have for* saken the Lord, they have provoked the Holy One oflsrn- el unto anger, they are gone axvay backward. But while the mind is pained in contemplating their re- peated apostacies, we admire the patience and long- suffer- ing of God. The measure of their iniquity was not yet full, and before he gave them over to bondage and the sword, he raised up Josiah to sit upon the throne, and in- spired him with holy zeal to attempt the work of reforma- tion. The history of this godly king you may read in the context, and in the parallel records, in the second book of the Kings. He did thmt which was right in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the ways of David his father. At the age of 20, he began to remove, from the land of Judah, the monuments of idolatry. Beginning at Jerusa- lem, he proceeded through all the cities, demolishing the high places, and breaking down the graven and moulteni images. Having removed the altars which had been con- secrated to idols, he sat himself to repair the house of the Lord his God. While employed in this pious work, he [4] found a copy of the Law, which had been long n«glccted and generally forgotten ; and having assembled the men of Judah and the inhabitants of Jerusalem and all the peo- ple, he read, in their cars, the words of that book. Then, standing in his plase, he entered into covenant widi God to keep his commandments and statutes, with his whole heart. Influenced by his example, and perhaps, swayed by his authority, the people generally, renounced their idols, and externally followed the Lord, the God of their fathers. He then assembled the people to celebrate the passover ; and it is written, that There was no passover like thatf kept in Israel^ from the days of Samuel the Prophet, After this he lived 13 years, a zealous worship- per of God, and a faithful friend to his people. But hu- man influence cannot produce a radical and lasting refor- mation. The people, in general, did not turn unto the Lord, with their hearts. By abusing their privileges they were ripening for destruction. They were unworthy of such a prince, and God, in his holy providence, removed him in the meridian of his days. But it may appear to some, that a shade is cast over the religious character of Josiah, by the circumstances of his death. If he engaged in an unjust and unnecessary war, his conduct certainly adniits of no apology. Let us not, however, too hastily, condemn one whom God so highly commends. The king of Egypt had marched an army jnto Josiah's own territory, for the professed purpose of subduing a province of the king of Babylon, between whom and Josiah, there was now a treaty of alliance. And what king or emperor would doubt the justice of re- sisting an army marched into his own territory, for the pro- fessed purpose of attacking his ally ? Pharaoh, indeed, sent to Josiah, that he had no hostile designs against him, and with plausible words, desired him to remain in peace. But Josiah was not ignorant of the deceit and treachery of this ambitious king. And do we not all know, that the fair speeches of ambitious invaders are not entitled to con- fidence. In such a crisis, how could Josiah remain neu- tral, without violating his treaty, with the king of Babylon, and exposing his own cowntry to the ravages, of one or the other of thes^ pewerfal monarchs ? Does it not admit, of, at k^stj a iprobable i^upposition, thai in going out [5] 9,^ainst the king of Egypt, he was actuated by a sense of duty to i^is country, and his ally ? But, as a judgment on tlic nation, he was permitted to fall by the sword. The inspired penman speaks, of Josiah's character, in terms of the highest commendation. Like unto him there was no king before him that turned unto the Lord with all his hearty neither after him arose any like him. Such is his short but expressive eulogy. While he lived, he was a public blessing ; and when he died, all Judah and Jerusa- lem mourned. From the historical fact, now before us, I deduce the two following observations, I. Integrity of heart is that, which stamps si value upon man j and II. When men of this character are removed by death, there is reason for mourning. The phrase, integrity of hearty I do not use, in its vague and popular sense. I mean by it, a heart that is right to- wards God. The man, who possesses it, is in^uenced, by a regard to God's requirements. He believes that there is a God, who reigns above ; that his government is over all, and that obedience, to his will, is the reasonable service of every intelligent creature. He feels his ac- countability to him, who will bring every work into judg- ment, with every secret thing, whether it be good or evil. He believes that God's holy law is the only standard and rule of righteousness, makes it the subject of his frequent and devout meditation, and exercises himself to keep a conscience void of offence, towards God and towards man. He loves to draw near to God, in all the ways of his ap- pointment, esteems the sabbath a delight, and reverences the sanctuary. The way of salvation, which the gospel points out, he cordially approves. The mercy of God, through the Redeemer, is his only hope. Feeling that, by- nature and practice he is a sinner, he looks to the Lamb of God which taketh away sin, and earnestly seeks the sanc- tifying influences of the Holy Spirit, to render him more conformed to the will of his Heavenly Father, C6] In spe:ikip.,s^ oC one wlio has integrity of heart, I vvouid not describe him as faultless. Where is the man to whom such a df scrij:>tioa -vould apply ? For, in many things, do we not all off;;nd '? But he who has integrity of heart, nhile he sees and laments hi:> imperfections, has the tes- timony of his conscience, that he delights in the law of the LiOrd. 'Jhe \;jrying opinions of the world are not the rule, by which, his life is regulated. He has higher views than to please men. The approbation of his fellovv mor- t'dls he can cheerfully relinquish, when it comes ic\ compe> tition with duty. Actuated by this noble principle, he is raijrcd above tke frowns and flatteries of men, and is soli- citous ever to be found where duty calls him. Who will deny that such a pririciple, wherever it nuiy be found, stamps a dignity on the human character, and renders it valuible af!d excellent. It is a character which God approves; for iutegiity ct h^ait is the moral image of hiinseif. Those, and those only, who are possessed of moral ex- cellence, are deserving of esteem and honor. Do you esteem the man v, jio is distinguished for his military ta- lents, when yon know that aml-ition is his idol, and that lie is destitute of moral principle ? How many such attract our notice, on the bloody pages of history. Their memo- ries are detested by all the good. The Tamerlanes and Charles the Xntr.s, and Napoleons, are to be viewed as the scourges of God, to afflict and distress a guilty world. Destruction and misery are in their tuai/