^^^ ^^^^^^^^wism /^A^ '>m: k\i '---rm pi .^m *^>z*: ■«] ■^^m NE\VARK "TKe City oi Industry w ffl Facts and Rg'wres Concerning^ fKe MetropolicT of 1912 Kezjuark Soard s^ Trade 1 MN 3 1914 EWORJD To nold, as it were, the mirror up to Newark is tne object OT tnis dook. Its purpose is to sno^v tne metropolis or New Jersey not as it was, ana not as it some day may be, but as it is. Witnm tnese pages tne city is presented, in word and picture, witn pnotograpbic exactness. Trutn is tne keynote or tne publication. It is a plain unvarnisned tale. In it fancy bas no place. It is a volume or racts. Witn tbem m mind, Ne^vark is seen as m a looking- glass. Its reflection as nere exnibited sno\vs it to be a good place in wbicn to do business. It also sbov,^s it to be a place in wnicn it is good to work and well to live. All tbat otker cities boast of, it has; and m muck tkat tbe great majority of them cannot justly claim it takes an unfailing and a pardonable pride. It Kas grown enormously, and it is still growing. It offers to business-men and to kome-seekers not a few desirable advantages over other cities, and to tkese men and women m particular, and to tke world in general, tkis book is respectfully inscribed. Ackno^\^leag^lents ' I 'HE puDlisners or "Newark, tne City or Industry are deeply inaeDted to tne following citizens for information contained in this Dook: John Cotton Dana, Librarian Free Public Library ; Addison B. Poland, Superintendent of Public Scbools ; William Wiener, Higb Scbool Principal and Weatber Observer ; Morris R. Sberrerd, Cbief Engineer of City ; Alonzo Cburcb, Secretary Essex County Park Commission ; Louis V . Aronson, President Playgrounds Commission ; William P. O Rourke, Superintendent of Buildings ; James A. Berry, President Sbade Tree Commission ; William A. Smitb, Superintendent City Dispensary; Cbarles S. Smitb, Secretary Fire Department; Josepb M. Cox, Secretary Police Department; Rev. Dr. Davis W. Lusk, Presbyterial Superintendent; A. W. McDougall, Secre- tary Bureau Associated Cbarities ; Henry A. Cozzens, Secretary Young Men s Cbristian Association ; and Officers and Board of Directors of tbe Board of Trade W%fl ■ i PI ^ Title ..... Foreword ..... Acknowledgments .... Board or Trade .... City of Newark .... Wonderful Growtn .... Public Buildings .... Public Parks ..... Public Playgrounds Climate and Water .... Police Department ... Fire Department .... Religious Life .... Benevolent Institutions Social Life ..... Educational Advantages Public Utilities .... Financial Interests .... Real Estate .... Leatner . . . . • Je-welry and Allied Trades Iron and Steel Products Miscellaneous Manufacturers and Business Houses For Complete Index see back or book. Page 5 7 8 11 15 17 18 28 33 35 36 38 40 42 46 52 58 60 90 95 109 125 134 iri % ^ l!iii>^ BOARD '■ ft^*^' ^<^^ n n^ TRADE > v^ *rv^-~r-^rffr^^f^ ■- :>:J1 kGANIZED forty-four years ago, the Board of Trade of tlic City of Newark is to- day a potent factor in the welfare of the municipality. It has done and it is dnins^ a big work. rntranimeled hy politics, unswayed by religions beliefs, nnsul)>i(lizcd by trade. indei)endent of all "privileged interests." and free from corporation ties, it has moved, and it is nKJving, along the lines of progress. It has been said of the organization that niembershi]) in it is a badge of hcmdr. That is nmloubtedly (rue. It is on other grounds, however, that it. has been built up. and it is on much that is mure tangible that its reputation is based. It is known bv its deeds. I'v its work it has been tested in the crucible of |)ublic o])inion. It has been weighed not unce. but many times in the scales of public opini,)n. and In- day with a record untarnished by even a breath of scandal it enjuNs the CDutidence and respect mil (inly of the City of .Newark but of the entire State. .\lvvays ready to |iroiect the weak and ever C|uick to combat or to aid the strong, as necessity may dictate, the Hoard meets friend and foe with frankness and a never failing ec|uanimity. It knows no master. Cnto itself it is a ])ower. Working along broad lines it has ])ut aside jjrivate friendshii)s and personal animosities. It is swayeir«««« ■ -i* I over the world wherever manufactured articles are used or sold the name of ; 1^ . ^^.^y ^l j Newark is known, it is a name that has gone on all kinds of goods lu all parts fiaS fcwii; ,,f ji^j^ universe. It is a name that business men and residents of the city sjieak with pride and with never a blush of shame. To them it spells hc^ne. To tluni it {■- the almost sacred name of the city that tiiey love. To thousand of others man.- miles from .Ww jersey. .Newark means ill- "City of Industry."' I'.ut it is nnich more than that: it is true that here indu-tr\ is en- throned; but It is not worshipped. Here business is king: but it is not the peo])le"s god. it is a tact that Newark is the "workshop of the nation;" but it is also the jilayground of its residents and a parlor for visitors. Mere there is work aplenty : Inil here jileasure reigns with a smiling face anil a |)rodigal hand. L']) from the city there rise^ the towering chimnevs of scores of factories : hut also there arc to be seen the lofty spires of many churches. Stores that are big with success cater to the people by day and to them theatres and other amusement jilaces ojjcn inviting doors at night. As there are homes and work for the rich and tlie poor so there is amusement for all. X^'wark is a city in which there is much to jdease the e\e and not a little to make glad the hcail. Its streets are lined with trees. Here and there it is spotted with hig and little parks. Its public buildings are massi\e monuments to the enterprise of the numici|)ality. Socially it is neither ])uri- tanieal nor contineutal. It is not "wide oi)en." It is not "closed tight." Personal liberty of thought and action is recognized anil respected. It is never i:ermitted. however, to become personal license. 1 1 ere the ])eoi)le are content to live and let live. L'nwritten though it may be their fundamental law is one for all and all for one. Its business affords employment to many thousands of workers. Its enterprises and its ])ossibilities present alluring o])|)ortunities to cajjitalists. The city's jiride is keenly alert, .\lways it is ready to combat pi>pular indiliference or i fticial corruption or incomjietency. With jealous zeal the i)eo|)le guard the city's unstained honor and in its high financial standing, its opportunities, and its great ])ossibilities they take a justifiable |)riile. With its manv factory sites, its existing factories, its advantageously located business sections, its large, well ec|ui|)])eil and well stocked department stores, its nearness to New N'ork, its ready access to the labor market, its freL-dom from labor troubles, its many ])laces of worship, its high class schools, its theatres, |)arks. jilaygrounds. and other amusenient jjlaces, its jiroximity to coast and inland resorts, its well ])aveil, well lighted streets, its excellent water sii])i)ly, its government un- sullied by scandal, its fine climate, and its different residential sections wherein the dwellings range from low-i)riced model tenements to costly mansions, the city welcomes visitors. It extends to the home-seeker a warm reception and to the business man it is ever ready to otier a hel])ing hand. It asks no one to take anything on faith. What it is and what it has to offer is as an o])en book. It is a book that all may read. .\nd having read it, if those who are interested desire further infor- mation along one. or man\' lines, the Hoard of Trade is ready and glad at all times to sup])ly it. Situated in the northern part of New fers^v, the City of Newark is splendidly located for factory, general business and social purposes. With an area of 23.40 s(|uare miles it ranks fourteenth in jjopu- lation among the cities of the country and eleveruh in ]) lint of mamifactures. Its ])resent [jopulatioii is 363.000. Three miles above Newark Uay and eight miles west of Xew York, the city lies within sight of the Orange Mountains. Far enough away from Xew York to be in no way identified with that city, it is still near enough to it to make that municipality and its business and attractions readily accessi- ble. Travel to and from, and within the city, is made quick and comfortable by six railroads, the Hudson and Manhattan tubes and twenty-three trolley lines, all of which are splendidly equi])ped and eiificiently operated. What Newark actually is in a business way is plainly shown in figures. It has 252 distinct Imes of industry. In the aggregate value of its manufactured products it ranks ahead of thirty states. The capital invested in the city's manufacturing iiidustries employing ten or more hands amounts to $154,233,000. and in these particular fields of labor 59,995 operatives are engaged. The wages paid annuallv by these manufacturing establishments amount to $44,853,000. The value of the raw material used in 1910 was $120,907,766 and the value of the finished product in that }ear was $202,512,000. ^\■ith fourteen' freight delivery yards Newark is daily served liy 254 freight trains. The rail- wav tonnage delivered in the city last year was 3,670,738 while the tonnage shipped was 1,047,489. Having a wharf frontage of ten and one-half miles on Newark P>ay and the Passaic River, the city's annual tonnage of water freights has steadily increased, until last year the total reached 4,718.227 with an estimated valuation of $137,745,000. .\s a financial centre Newark (xxupies an enviable position. It is served, financially, by well- established, prudently managed national and state banks, savings banks, trust companies and building and loan associations with resources of nearly $200,000,000. The city is also the home of two big life insurance and three large fire insurance companies, and in it eleven department stores, 251 "dry i,'oods stores, 157 druggists, 1.569 grocers, 526 meat markets, 137 shoe dealers, 223 bakers, 611 con- fectioners, 98 milk dealers and a small army of otb.ers engaged in dififerent mercantile pursuits cater to the wants of the people. The city's professional life is represented by 451 lawyers, 416 physicians. 143 dentists and scores of men engaged in the arts and sciences. That Newark ranks among the first of the important cities in the United States is shown by the assessed valuation of the property in it. This is now placed at $344,820,700. Its total bonded debt, at this time, is $26,471,200, and the total net debt is placed at $19,179,510. The annual ta.x rate per i.ooo of valuation is $19.30. In 1910 the aggregate municipal revenue was $9,527,588. In the citv there are ninety-five public buildings. The total number of liuildings of all kinds is 55.225. It is shown by carefullv gathered and accurately compiled vital statistics that in the city the death rate comjiares favorablv witli that of any other place in the country. The oiificial figures are as follows: death rate per 1,000, 15: excluding hosi)ital mortality, 12.12; births, 10, 28<;: rate per 1.000, 29.6. The average annual mean tem])erature in Newark is 52.6. Nowhere in the countrv is there a city that can boast of a water sui^ijly that is more pure or more abundant than that of Newark. To the city from the far-awa\- hills and reservoirs there is delivered dailv by gravity 47.000,000 gallons nf water that is as pure as crystal. The daily average consumi)tion is 38.400.000 gal'ons. The maximum storage ca;)acity of the city's reservoirs is 9,092,- 000,000 gallons, or enough to supply the whole city for eight months. .\dmittedl\- one of the best paved cities in the I'nited States. Newark boasts of 2o8j< miles of |)aved streets. Siime of these thoroughfares are paved with r>elgian block ; others are jjaved with asphalt, some with macadam, some with bitulithic and not a few with brick. Eighty-five miles of streets, in the outlying districts, are as >et unpaved, but each year that aggregate is being cut down. \\'ith several verv broad streets and a few narrow ones, the average width of the city's thorough- fares is sixty feet. Throughout its length and breadth the city is splendidly lighted at night. Its streets and ave- nues are illuminated with electricity and gas. To do this the city uses 124 fiaming arcs, 2.609 arc electric. 2,000 c. ]). lamps, 172 incandescent electric lights and 1.993 gas lamps. Its sewer svstem is a matter not only of public safety, but public pride. Up to date, the total cost of the ])ublic sewers has lieen $5,100,697. These drains consist of T/'^\ miles of brick and con- crete sewers, and 199]^ miles of j^iie sewers with 3,506 catch basins and 7.OO9 manholes. N \VONDERFUL GRO\VTH EWARK was founded in i6<^>6. Its liistory is divided vious decade and 33.2 per cent, for the ten-year poriixl by a student of it into three distinct periods. First ending with 1890. In i860 the jjopnlatiun was 71,941. I'ifiy there was the narrow, straight-laced jiuritanical village from years later it was 347.4rK;. That was at the annual rate of i(M) to 1700; ne.xt, the thriving factory town which rapidly //>() per cent. In the last twenty-five years the increase in developed into an industrial city of world-wide fame, and the population has heen 127.12 per cent. .Assuming th.al the now comes the "epoch of wonderful change, the era of the future growth in population will he in tiie same ])ri)poi tion, great Newark with well-nigh houndless ])ossibilities for the total in 1935 '^ estimated at 8(X),ooo. material, intellectual and moral ex|)ansi()n." .\s the poinilation has increased tiie industries of the citv CITY II.M.I. L'ntil 1800 the increase in Newark's population was slow. In 1790 it was about 1,200. Ten years later it had gained but little, but a quarter century after that when it was "humming with industry" its inhabitants numbered 8,000. Slowly at first and then with an ever-increasing steadiness and swiftness the city began to grow, not only in population, but in industrial importance and public and private wealth. It is shown by official figures that during the ten yeais ending with 1910 the population increased 41.2 per cent, as comjiared with an increase of 35.3 per cent, for the pre- have grown. This growth has not been confined to any one class. It has been so varied that Newark to-day has prob- ably a greater number of diversified industries than any other city in the country. These statements are nut mere as.sertions. They are facts. It is easily possible to verify them not only by a visit to the city but by the records of the Board of Trade and the official figures of the govern- ment census bureau. What those reports w-ill not show is the manner of the city's growth. In the last half century and particularly in the past decade the city has iirospered exceedingly anrl 17 spread in all directions. Handsome public hiiildings have taken the place of the old structures; nK)dern. well-lighted factories. e(|uipped with up-to-date machinery, now hum in the industrial centres where not long ago there were vacant lots or rambling structures with antiquated equip- ment ; imposing apartment houses have sprung up in grandeur where squatters once lived in tumble-down shacks; palatial residences and one and two family houses of vary- ing size and cost are everywhere to be seen ; mile after mile of city streets have been paved and sewered and lined with trees ; churches have grown in number and size ; amuse- ment places have sprung up on all sides ; bank deposits have increased enormously and wherever one looks are to be seen unmistakable evidences of growth and prosperity. With the amazing growth of Newark its population like its industries and the output of its manufactured articles has become more varied. Its population is distinctly cosmo- p(_)litan. Here the natives of every C(iuntr\- under the sun have found and are finding a congenial home. Here, too. they are finding employment to their liking and here, also, thtv and the native-born residents are building uji l)ank accounts. Through the building and loan associations which have steadily grown in size, number and resources, not a few of the residents of the city have added to their own comfort and to the taxaljle value of the property in the munici])ality by building their own homes. These resi- dences are. for the most part, model ilwelling places and in the building of them the city has spread to the north, east, west and south with almost magical rapidity. Its growing cosmopolitan- character has made and is making Newark a veritable "city of all nations." Here the foreigner at once meets men. women and children from his native place. That this is so is indicated by a recent school census. Those figures show that in the public schools there were 17,329 American white children; 1,172 .American negroes; y,i66 Hebrews; 6,513 Germans; 5,498 Italians; 1. 417 English; 827 Irish; 483 Scotch; 277 Polish; 257 .Magyar; 22(1 Russian; 202 Swedish; 199 French; 171 Canadian; 135 Slovak and a fairly large representation of more than a score of other nationalities, including Chinese, Japanese, Javanese, Finnish, Guavian, Syrian, Turks, Greeks, Egyptians and American Indian pujiils. \\'ith a varied population of this kind and the amazingly rapid growth of the city in all directions and in all fields of human endeavor — a growth that long ago outstripped the normal increase in the police department — the city is at all times orderly and peaceful. Serious disturbances and grave breaches of the ])eace are things unknown in the life of the municipality. "Newark." says a recognized authoritv and writer on the city, "has entered upon its third epoch, and the future has in store for it growth and prosperity the like of whicii past generations would not have s(i much as dreamed, and of which we ourselves have hut the faintest comjsrehension." PUBLIC BUILDINGS WHILE many cities in the L'nited States may have more public buildings than Newark, it is safe to say that no- W'here will finer structures of this kind be found. W ith its magnificent County Court House, and its hand- some City Hall, both of which are centrally located, the mimicipality has a jniblic library, half a dozen modern police stations, thirty-five fire engine and truck houses, a poor house, a public market, a City Hospital, a comity sanitar- ium for persons with incipient consumption, a board of health building, and many thoroughly equipped and up"-to- date school buildings. Occupying a conspicuous site on ISroad street, a few blocks south t)f the intersection of the two principal thor- oughfares of the city, is the Newark City Hall. It is an imposing granite and white marble structure, surmounted by a huge dome» Its foiw fiuors. Ijasement and sub-basement are occupied by the mayor and other city officials and departments. Constructed in modern Renaissance style, according to the plans of J. H. and \\'ilson Ely, the building has a front- age of 250 feet and a depth of 150 feet. Including the site and the furnishings it cost $2,250,000. The money for the con- struction of the building was raised by issuing bonds for $1,500,000 and bv the sale of various properties owned by the city and not in actual use. The interior of the building is fine throughout. Its most striking feature is the marble rotunda and vestibule. These are of fine Italian marble, which cost about $100,000. In the decorations of the interior of the dome, high above the rotunda, about $3,000 worth of gold leaf was used. The chief ornamental feature of the rotunda is a grand, marble staircase, gracefully running up on either side from the entrance to the floor above. The sub-basement of the l)uil(ling is given up to machin- ery and heating apparatus. The basement is occupied by Police Head(|uarters, the I'oor and .\lms Department, the Superintendent of I'ublic Works and other city- officials and departments. ( )n the first floor are the offices of the Comp- troller, Auditor, Ta.x Receiver and other municipal officers, and on the second floor are the offices of the Mayor, the Common Council meeting room, the Board of \\'orks, the Law Department, committee rooms, etc. The Fire Depart- ment, the I'oard of Education, the City Engineer, the City Accountant, the Assessment Commission, and other officials and departments are located on the third floor, and on the fourth floiir. in addition to a few offices, there is a fine Document room. Probably as fine a building as there is to be found in anv part of the state is the Essex County Court House, which is located not far from the business centre of Newark. Its situation is such that it may be seen in all its white marble splendor for some distance from almost every point of the com]3ass. 18 Occiijiving a good-sized pint (it high ground, at the jiim- tion of Market street and Springfield avenue, the building is conveniently located not only tor lawyers, litigants and wit- nesses, but for spectators and visitors from out of mwn. Architecturally and from the standiwint of usefulness and convenience, the Court House represents the very best. In it are located the different county court rooms, the county offices, the grand jury room and the meeting place of the County Hoard of Chosen Freeholders. With well defined ideas as to the use for which the court rooms and each office were wanted, the building com- Law." "Slielter of the Law" and "Authority of the Law." t )n pedestals, at the sides of the steps to the main entrance to the building, are two huge figures cast in bronze. One represents "Truth" and the other "Power." The cost of this sculpture work, which was designed by .\ndrew O'Con- nor, was $56,500. In each pendentive to the central dome is a colossal female figure by Edwin Howland IMashfield. They symbolize "Wisdom." "Knowledge," "Power" and "Mercy." The large court room paintings were done by 11. O. Walker, George \\'. ^^aynard, Kenyon Cox. Howard I'vle. Will .'^. Low and Frank D. Millet. They cost $41,000. COURT HOUSE. mission, having the construction task in charge, planneil its work wisely and well. With an eye for the beautiful, it not only had the building so designed that its exterior and interior are good to look at, but it caused to be placed in the different court rooms and other rooms magnificent oil paintings, and outside of the building nine handsome marble, and two large, bronze .statues. Those in marble, which were placed on the upper part of the front of the building, represent, "Power of the Law," "Reason of the Law," "Statutory Law," "Protection of the Law," "Assault on the Law," "Disobedience of the Law." "X'ictim of the To meet these expenses and the cost of building, the county issued bonds. The site cost $126,768.05 ; the building called for an expenditure of $1,773,712 and the administration expenses amounted to $40,340.96. The archi- tect was Cass Gilbert. The exterior is in the modern Renaissance style. Of the schools nineteen have been built, or started, within the last four years. In these structures alone the city has expended $2,700,000. W'ith these new buildings about 400 class rooms have been added to those already in use, and in this way accommodations have been provided for 15.000 10 additional pupils. While the cost of these new buildings may seem, at first thought large., it is nevertheless a fact that it is far below the school per capita expense in Boston, Chicago, and other cities. In Newark the cost of new schools per ])n|)il is about $i8o. In Chicago this cost is $241. and in I'.oston it is $285. It would be hard to find, anywhere in the country, or for that matter in the world, a more complete or a finer building of its kind, than the recently completed Central Commercial and Manual Training School. The location, m i"".-/-? V . K POST OFFICE. and ]iurposcs of this school, which cost $560,000, are told in its title, but there is nnich about it that its name does not in- dicate. .Situated near the centre of the city, this building, with an unfinished fourth story that may be easily and in- e.xijensively completed when needed, i)rovides accommoda- tion for 1,200 pupils. In the building there are more than seventy rooms of different sizes, a large auditorium with a seating ca]iacity of 1,000, a gymnasium and running track, shower-baths and dressing rooms. In addition to the regular English high school work, pro- vision is made here for the study of domestic science, and arts, incluiling millinery, sewing, home sanitation, cooking, nursing, etc. To facilitate the teaching of these studies there is a model dining room, bed room and bath room antl a kitchen and ])antries. Otlier rooms are provided for busi- ness practice, typewriting and manual training, including forge work, pattern and wood work, sheet metal work and free hand and machine drawing. The machine shop is 100 feet in length. While smaller in size and scope, most of the other new school buildings, and not a few of the old ones, are similarly equipped. In them all there is an abundance of fresh air and light, and in all of fhem careful attention is given to matters of sanita- tion. The schools are so situated that few pupils in the primary or grammar departments have very long distances to go from their homes, while those farthest awav from the High Schools can easilv reach the nearest one in ten or fifteen minutes' ride on the trolley cars. .\11 of the new school buildings and many of the old ones are fire-proof. Amply e(|uipped with fire escapes and emergency exits, these structures are, for the most part, so constructed that the stairways are separated from the corridors by fire-proof doors and wired glass. In this way fire and smoke may easily be kept from the stairs and in other ways every possible safeguard for teachers and pupils has been pro- vided. Fire-proof dust chutes have been in ■ stalled in all the new and most of the old buildings. With a small door open- ing at the floor level on each story, these chutes provide a convenient method of disposing of all papers and refuse which is collected by vacuum cleaners. When collected at the bottom of the chutes this material is placed in bags and re- moved from tlie buildings. In the lat- ter are large stock and general supply rooms, and from them books and other materials are sent in dumb waiters for distribution on the ditiferent floors. Toilet rooms are located on all floors and in some of the buildings rest rooms have been pro- vided for the teachers and their young charges. All the schools are regularly visited by physicians and nurses in the employ of the city, antl in most of the struct- ures fully e(|uipped hospital or emergency rooms have been provided. In several of the schools "open-air" class rooms are utilized. These rooms are so situated that the entire outer wall is made up of a series of glass windows which may all be opened or separately closed as desired. Over them, projecting far from the buildings, are heavy stained uB Sun r null rrrrrrr^t' THIS I-KTLKE IS REI'KODLClil) l-KliM A PHOTOGRAPH OF THE NORTHEAST CORNER AT THE INTERSECTION OF CUOAD AND MARKET STREETS. WITH THE FIREMEN's INSURANCE COMPANY'S BUILDING IN THE FOREGROUND. LOOKING TOWARD THE RIGHT IS SEEN THE THOROUGHFARE OF MARKET STREET WITH THE ORDWAY BUILDING IN THE distance; AND LOOKING TO THE LEFT MAY BE SEEN THE EASTERN SIDE OF BROAD STREET, A SECTION OF NEWARK'S BANKING DISTRICT AND THE MUTUAL BENEFIT LIFE INSUR.\NCE company's BUILDING. glass canopies that keep out the hot sun and wind and snow. While most of the schools have large play-yards, some of them are also provided with carefully protected roof grounds where, in pleasant weather, the pupils are free, under certain conditions and restrictions, to make merrw To make the new school buildings as jjlcasant as possible, and permit the scholars attend- ing to assemble in a large audi- ence before the opening of school, and at intervals during sessions, when singing and other manners of recesses are en- joyed, the build- ings are provided with commodious auditoriums t n permit such exer cises. The audi- toriums are loca- ted at the base- ment on ground floor level wliich. in case of an emergency, makes a hurried exit possible and re- duces danger to a luininunu. That is not only true in these auditoriums are used by pupils. MAIN PUBLIC LIBRARY BUILDING. the (lav time, when but it applies to the conditions at night when these places are given over to lectures and entertainments that are attended by children and adults, these attracting a great many people to the schools where high-class entertainment is oifered the public. These entertainments and lectures are interesting and instructive, and every effort is exerted to select the most efficient talent possible. On many occasions the lec- turers, to make themselves more clearly understood, pro- vide illustrated ])ictures which are shown on a screen, explaining each picture to the audience, as they pass in sequence. Most of the auditoriums are ccjuipped with stages and they in turn are pro- vi^^='! Another public Imilding that is a credit to tiie iiuiniciiiahty is the well-equipped City Hospital. It is an immense stone, brick and iron, fire-proof structure, situated on high ground in the northwestern part of the city, and in it, under the direction of the Hoard of Health, a large staff of surgeons, physicians, pathologists and nurses each year take care of hundreds of patients. To it there is soon to be built an addition. \\'ith its training school for nurses, this institution also has what is to all intents and purposes a branch, which is located in \'erona, a near-by suburb. This large brick structure is really a country sanitarium. It is maintained bv the citv and addition to them, there are several large and two or three Day Nurseries. As the home of the First Regiment, the largest military organization in the state, Newark has that command's armor\'. This is a massive looking red brick structure, covering almost an entire square block, and in it military receptions, drills, fairs and other attractions frequently draw thou.sands of visitors. The Newark Industrial Expo- sition, held under the auspices of the Board of Trade, held a very successful exhibit in this building, for one week, in May, 1912. The exhibits were manufactures displaying Newark-made products. This was not only a success financi- ARMORY OF THE FIRST REGIMENT, N. G. S. OF N. J. in it persons suffering from incipient tuberculosis are re- ceived without charge and given special treatment in quarters and in a climate that are admirably adapted to the necessi- ties of their cases. With these two institutions there are other semi-public liospitals, conducted by church and other organizations, and, by reason of the fact that the city makes annual contributions toward their maintenance, it exercises over them, through the city dispensary, a general supervision. All these hospi- tals are thoroughly equipped and splendidly conducted. In each of them the city has a certain number of beds and at all times its officials are kept informed as to just how many cots are available. These institutions are St. Michael's Hos- pital, St. Barnabas' Hospital, German Hospital, St. James' Hosi)ital, Beth-Israel Hospital, Eye and Ear Infirmary, Women's and Children's Hospital and Babies' Hospital. In ally, but also from an educational standpoint. The armor} of the First Troop, the "crack" mounted military organiza- tion of .New Jerse}'. while n(.it so pretentious in size as the First Regiment armory, is commodious, attractive and fully equipped for the needs of both the troopers and their horses. One of the most popular of the public buildings in Newark is the Free Public Library, which cost $1,500,000. It is a large, handsome structure, so situated that it may be reached easily from any part of the city., and to it hundreds of readers, seeking either literary ]ileasure or printed knowledge go every week. The Library is imder the direction of a Board of Trustees, of wdiich the Mayor of the city is president. Its direct man- agement is in charge of a librarian, who is assisted by a large staff of capable and courteous department heads and employes. w m TIic total luimhL-f oi l)ciiiks in tlie art, technical, lending, school, and young pcoijle's depart nicnts is 196,840. Last year (,1911) the total number of volumes loaned to card- holders was more than i .000,000. Seven branches of the library and si.xteen deposit stations, where books may be borrowed or returned, are located in different parts of the city. In the library proper, where adults and young folks in search of books or information are shown every possible courtesy and given all the assist- ance they desire, are well-e(iuip]ied reading and reference purposes, but they are completely and thoroughly equipped for the objects for which they were built. While one or two of them are white stone structures, most of them are built of brick, and all of them are not only good to look at, but sub- stantial and practically fire-proof. Located at the southern end of the city is the Poor House. This is an old but substantial brick structure, covering with its out-buildings and its gardens, more than the aver- age-size city block. It is in charge of a su])erintendent and matron, and is under the supervision of the Common Coinicil. MARKET SOU.VRE FKO.M MULilKKRV STRKI-.T. rooms and halls, in which from time to time art exhibits are held. Under certain conditions these rooms are also placed at the disposal of organizations, who wish to use them for meetings. Without exception the police stations and tire engine houses are all of comparatively recent construction. As one or the other of the older buildings that were devoted to these purposes outgrew their usefulness they were replaced in the same, or nearby locations, by other and more modern struct- ures, and with the growth of the city additional stations have been erected. The result is that all of them are, to all in- tents and purposes, new. They not only represent the latest tyi)e of buildings which are devoted to police and fire station The public market is located in the very heart of the city, and while plans are now being discussed for its im- provement, there is also some talk of its removal to a less expensive site, farther away from the business section of the city. The building is a two-story, narrow struct- ure, running the entire length of a long block: and flanked on either side and on both ends bv busv streets. In addition to a large open space which is given over to the use of market wagons and trucks from nearby and distant farm-lands, there is the long wide ground tioor of the market, which is rented in big and little sections to dealers in meats, vegetables, fish and game and other food supplies. The upper floor is used by the market clerk. 26 S'llllii! ' ''Mil air **»'-J q 3 3 .^%^ THIS PICTURE IS KEI'RODUCEU FROM A PHOTOGRAPH OF THE SOUTHEAST C(M<.\ER AT THE INTERSECTION OF liROAU AND MARKET STREETS, SHOWING THE NEW KINNEY BUILDING IN COURSE OF CONSTRUCTION IN THE FOREGROUND. LOOKING TOWARD THE RIGHT IS SEEN THE THOROUGHFARE OF BROAD STREET WITH THE NEW NATIONAL STATE BANK BUILDING AND A SECTION OF THE FIRST PRESBYTERIAN CHURCH IN THE DIS- TANCE; AND LOOKING TO THE LEFT MAY BE SEEN THE SOUTHERN SIDE OF MARKET STREET. PUBLIC PARKS ORniXARU,^' when (Hie tliinks of an indnstrial city his tlionyhts present a mental picture of grimy buildings, smoke-filled atnios]ihere, ill-kept streets, and men, women and children in the garb of labor. In these mind pictures very seldom is there a spot of green, never a flower and only an occasional tree. Invariably the mental view is a charcoal sketch. Often it is a picture of soot and siuudge. Too often, perhaps, this vision fits the lamentable facts, but now and then truth paints the picture in oils. Then the scene is made bright with color. It shows parks and parkways, lakes, fountains and flowers, shady nooks, ((uiet walks, pleasing driveways, velvety lawns, athletic fiekls and bright faced, healthy children at play. It presents to the delighted eye a view of nature's own handiwork. It shows the unostentatious skill of the landscape artist, and in the soothing and alluring breathing spots the visitor, the weary traveler, the tired worker and his family forget the hum of machinery, the smoke of factories and the stern demands of grim commercialism. Newark is an industrial city of this kind. Its twenty- five parks are its pride and delight. Upon them the n.unici- palitv and county lias lavisheil time, money and care. In size these parks range from plots covering a square or tri- angular block or two, to green shaded, and flowering tracts of many acres. Two of these smaller parks are located in the very heart of the business section of the city ; others are so situated in different parts of the municipality that in what- ever direction one may go, through the tree-lined streets, he is sure to see one or more of these garden spots. Twenty of these parks are under the control of the city, working in this matter, through an efficient and painstaking Shade Tree Commission. The other five parks in the city are county property, arranged and maintained under the direction of the Essex County Park Commission. These parks are a credit to the city and a source of pleasure to the inhabitants as well as to hundreds of visitors. .-Xs compared with the parks that are in charge of the -^h^ Shade Tree Commission these five "^^^Mj^^ that are under the control of the ^^p llfcc', county commission arc not only "^ much larger and more pretentious in every way, but of a much more recent oriirin. One of the most delightful and pleasing of them is known as Branch Brook Park. It is situated near the geographical centre of Newark and contains 280.62 acres. This park is a long narrow strip of land varying in width from 685 feet to 1,755 f^^t. The average width of the whole park is 1. 175 feet, while its total length is 11,115 feet. In other words. Branch Brook Park averages less than a quarter of a mile in width, while it is over two miles long. The land and the structures that were on it which were subsc- (juently removed, cost $1,225,622.83. The park improve- ments cost $1,412,443.71. In it there are 4.25 miles of roads and eleven miles of walks. Under the personal supervision of the Park Commis- sioners and their energetic secretary, landscape architects, engineers and general park builders, the park which occupies the bottom of a valley sloping upward to its eastern and western boundaries was made one of the garden-spots of the state. In a general way it is made up of three divisions. The "southern" and "middle" divisions are connected by a subway under Park avenue, a public thoroughfare running east and west through the park, and under anotlier avenue further north — BloomfieUl avenue — another but smaller tunnel connects the paths and waterways of the "middle" and "northern" divisions. In draining and improving this property sufficient water was encountered to create two lakes — one for the "middle" and one for the "southern" division with a surface of about twenty-three acres. In the "southern" division a boat house has been erected, and facilities are thus afforded for canoe- ing and rowing in summer, and skating in the winter. The length of the water surface is about 4.000 feet. The "middle" division contains a wading pool for children and an athletic field of 14.8 acres for small boys. The "northern" division has been developed in a manner less formal than that of the others. It possesses many fine trees which were on the property when it was purchased, and which, unfortunately, were almost lacking in the other two divisions. A large plantation of rhododendrons has been set out in this sec- tion, and here, also, mountain laurel has been introduced. In this park there is a fine collection of English gorse and Scotch heather. In the northern division are tennis courts, cricket grounds and ball fields 41.64 acres in size. Through the entire length of this division runs a brook which is fed 28 HSiBRAlNlCH BROOK PARK by water iniinped from lliu lakc>. llcre also are the green- houses ill whieh are grown the flowers for suniincr use throughout the park system, and where every fall there is an exhihition of chrysanthenumis and begonias. The divi- sion contains 125.26 acres, of which much was given to the county by the following public-spirited citizens: William A. Wrighter, Charles \\'illiani Mc Andrews, Zebulon iM. Keene. Robert l*". BallaiUine and the estates of Peter II. and Jiilin II. r.allantine and the 1 'rospect Heights Iiii- ] in ) veinent Company. ( )iie cjf the pleasing fea- tures cif this park is the I'lallantine Gateway, at one of its eastern en- trances. This cost ^2j,- 8<;5.25. It was presented to the county by Robert I*", llallaiitine, who was for four years, and until his death, a member of the I'ark Hoard. The heirs of the late Aaron Peck gave to the county a four-fifths interest in fif- ty-two lots in the "middle" di\'isiark board to ]nirchase the land as a reservation with the belief that it would eventually bec^jme an important part of the county park system. The public was quick to appreciate the advantages of the tract, JKiwever, and the commission soon found that the use of it justified its development as a park. Its western boundary was originally the Lehigh \'alley Railroad, but in response to public demand the legislature authorized the acquisition of additional land extending the lines to I'^lizabeth avenue. The present boundaries, therefore, are Dayton street on the east. Meeker avenue on the north, Eliz- abeth avenue on the west and the L'nion I!.\Nr) ST.\NI) .\.\1) I'L.WGUOUNn, l-;.\.ST SIDE PARK. L'ount\ line on the south. This park contains 315.08 acres, and is the largest one in Newark. The cost of the land was $339,546. 1 I , and the park buildings on it called for the ex- penditure of $38,050. The improvements to date cost $267,- 580.61. As a park its chief beauty is found in the rolling- character of the land and a fine sheet of water eighty-one acres in extent. In the suniiiier, boating and canoein.g are eiijo}-ed on the lake which also furnishes good sport fur the fisherman, and in the win- ter hundreds of skaters make merr\' on the ice. The lake has a large population of ducks, geese, and swans.' Athletic fields and tennis courts have been laid out in the park and in it a band stand has been erectefl. The special feature of this park is a trotting track on which in sum- mer horsemen hold week- ly matinees that attract thousands of spectators. The ])ark is said to con- lain the last 'vestige in the count\' of the original forest. On one of its knolls, then known as Divident Hill, represen- tatives from Newark and nearby Elizabeth met on May 20, 1668, to settle the (|uestion of ihe bdundary line be- tween the two municiiKilities. The name of the park is of Indian origin and is said to mean Deep Cove. The park has 2.06 miles of roads and 1.25 miles of walks. It contains nurseries in which are grown most of the trees and shrubs that are used in the development of the park system. As its name im])lies. East .Side I'ark is located in the eastern section of the city. It is the first of the so-called "neighborhood parks," which were established by the county commission. The [lark is located in a thicklv settled section (if the city, and is iiitendetl as a resting [ilace for women ami children, and a playground for the latter. With an area of about twelve acres, it contains 1.5 miles of paths, athletic fields for boys and girls, a sand court for the little ones and a band stand. The land cost $1 17,792.64. The buildings on it were bought for $6,800, and the improvements cost $53,878.52. .Not far from that park is Riverbank Park. That ])riiperty was ac(|uired in response to a demand from citizens in that section of the city, and in obedience to an act of the legisla- ture in 1906, which was subsequently endorsed by the voters of the county. This tract contains 5.75 acres. Its develop- ment has not yet been completed, but in a general way it will conform to the plan of East Side Park with the play ground feature elaborated. W'est Side Park, the fifth of the county parks located in Newark, provides a breathing place for the people in the western section of the citv. It contains twentv-three acres. 30 WEEQVAHIC PARK LINCOLN PARK. In it there is a running track and athletic grounds, with snitalile locker-roonis. tennis courts, a band stand, and a |ila\gniun(l, sand court and wading pool for small children. I'art of the park includes some of the highest land in the city, and a broad esplanade along the western Ijorder com- mands a fine view of the eastern and western sectir;ns of the municipality. The land in this park cost $145,740.92; the buildings, $27,501.50. and the improvements $121,208.94. In the park there are 1.75 miles of paths, but no roads. Incidental to the parks of Xcwark are a number of large statues and several small ones. One of these is a massive bronze representation of Seth Boyden, the world- famous inventor : another is a statue of General "Phil" Kearny and third is one of Frederick T. Frelinghuysen. The latter and the statue of "Fighting Phil" are located in Military Park, near the centre of I the city, and that of Seth Boyden j occupit's a prominent position in j -'W Washington Park. t '•M In a small triangular plot, be- !S9rn^ tween these two ])arks. is a mag- nificent statute of the \'ery Rev- erend Monsignor Cleorge .\. Doane, /i^^^H^flH and in Lincoln Park, in the south- I'kw^^^ftV^^P ern end of the city, is a striking- looking grou]) of three figures show- ing a stoical Indian, his white wife, and the latter"s mother ])leading on bended knee with her daughter to leave her red-skinned spouse and return to her home. This statute was presented to the city by J. Ackerman Coles. In Branch Brook is a handsome bronze bust of Mendels- sohn which was offered as a prize by the Kaiser and won by a local singing society. Prominently located in front of the County Court House is an immense statue of President Abraham Lincoln. The statue cost $25,000, and was unveiled May 30, 191 1, as a dedication to Lincoln Post. The honor of presenting the Lincoln Memorial to the city of Newark fell to the veterans of Lincoln Post. The gift of their loyal brother was theirs to bestow. The generous and patriotic spirit of the donor is so manifest in the character of the gift itself, and the genius of the sculptor has made the bronze so eloquent of the spirit of the mart\red president, that there is little need for verbal supplement or emphasis. The statue, mounted on a massive granite base, was provided for in the will of the late Amos H. \'an Horn, a prominent resident of the city. Under other provisions of this will, there is to be erected in Washington Park a statue of General Washington, a model having already been submitted by the sculptor and accepted by the executors, and arrangements for the un- veiling will lie made in the near future. Still another clause provides for a .Soldiers' and Sailors' monument, at a cost of $100,000, which is to be put up in Military Park, which will total the number in this ])ark to four monuments. In the latter jilace is a towering flag-])ole upon which the stars and stripes are raised and lowered every day. This is flanked on either side In- large cannons, mounted on granite bases, which were in active service and figureil prominentl\- in many of the actions during the Spanisli- .\merican War. 32 PUBLIC PLAYGROUNDS UXDER the direction of a board of I'layground Coin- It is likclv'. in view of the success and ijopularity of lliese missioners appointed by the Mayor, .Newark conducts centres, tliat others will be establislied from time to time, a system of playgrounds which atTord to the young and old in different parts of the city, and that in addition to iheni not only pleasant breathing spots, but places in which they may safely indulge in wholesome recreation. In the life of the city these playgrounds, su])]ilenienting in a way the municipal and county parks, form an always interesting and delightful feature. That they are pojndar and well con- new gynniasiums and swimming pools will he built. Officially the Commission maintains and conducts four ])lay centres and three recreation houses. In a(Iditi and in reserve 2.400 feet of hose. Last year's pav roll amounted to $519,674.79. In that period there were 1.300 fires and alarms of all classes, a decrease of twenty-five from the total for 1910. On the property involved a total insurance of $8,881,408.23 exceeded the total loss of $83,317.81 by $8,048,090.42. In these figures the building insurance over the loss amounted to $4,927,718.08. and the stock insurance over loss was $3,120,372.34. These figures and other data go to show the increasing efficiency of the department, and, because of this, there is a tendency on the part of large insurance companies to lower the rates, antl as well to look with favor on adflitional risks in the business districts. As in the case of the Police, the ¥hc Department has a pension fund, imder which its memliers become beneficiaries. The total receipts in this fund last year ( 191 1) were $141.- 620.93. The disbursements aggregated $1 16.994.68. leav- ing a balance of $24,626.25. In the way of prevention much good work is done under the direction of the bureau of Combustibles and Fire Risks. It is the aim of this bureau to educate the people to a better knowledge and understanding of the dangers of fire and a needlessness of heavy fire losses. This bureau gives special attention to the sale of fireworks, and endeav- ors, so far as the city is concerned, to make the annual celebration of Independence Day safe and sound. One of the features of this Fire Department is a I'lre College for the training of members in the proper perform- ance of their duties. This work is carried on in the de- partment's reserve building, where modern equipment for training firemen in the execution of their hazardous duties has been installeil. With it there is a well-appointed lecture room, containing the necessary paraphernalia for use in explaining fire-fighting and fire-prevention. In this work the men. in classes of sixteen, are under the guidance of a competent instructor. It is by means of an elaborate, but nevertheless simple, electrical svstem that the department receives its alarms of fire from different parts of the city. Through signal boxes, to the number of nearly i.ooo. which are conveniently loca- ted on posts in different parts of the municipality, alarms are received at fire headquarters and from there instantly sounded in the proper engine and truck houses. This system is kept under constant inspection, with the result that it has never yet been known to fail, and no time has been lost in responding to alarms. In this matter the record of the department is particularly good and to this promptness is due, in no small measure, the comparatively small fire losses in Newark. 38 RELl Gidbs itrF£ ?r».>i ^^g^y^ Nl'lWARK was fdiinilcil l)y the Church. It i: iKiw a cit\- in wliich the Church is an inlluen tial factor and one in wliich churches of nearly every denomi- nation are well represented. To them the municipality is liheral in evcr\ waw and throuyh them, nuich real gooil is being accomplished. It was in 1666 that tlie first settlers came to Newark from Branford, Conn. With them they brought the well-esiab- lished church organization which is now known as the First Presbyterian Church of Newark. This was probably the last eflfort in America to establish a theocracy. In those days it was necessary to belong to the church in order to vote. In the course of time this church changed its ecclesiasti- cal affiliations, going over from the Congregational polity to the Presbyterian form of government. Just how this was accomplished, or what led to it, will probably never be known, for the reason that the records appear to have been lost. I5ut the transition was seemingly made without diffi- culty, possibly because the original polity was a sort of Congregational-Presliyterian system. In Newark, for many years, everything centered around the First Church. ( )ther churches were gradually organ- ized, however, initil tn-driv there are in the city 175 churches and chapels of various kinds and sizes. Some of these chapels are very small ; and some of the churches are very large. The Presbyterian body, being the oldest, continues to be the largest Protestant organization in the city, with thirty-five churches and chapels. The Roman Catholic Church has grown so ra]iiilly in Newark, however, that it is now the largest bodv of Christians in the city. There are no accurate statistics regarding religious affili- ations in Newark, but the following estimate is approxi- mately correct: Hebrews, 50,000; Protestants, 95.000; Roman Catholics, 105,000; unchurched, 110,000; total, 360,000. There are also a small ilumber of others that cannot be grou])ed in these divisions. It would be impossible to tell in this limited space all the work that is being done by the churches of Newark. They are all wisely and carefully conducted, and without interfering in any way with jiublic policies, they represent, in theory and practice, a standard of munici|)al dignity, fine citizenship and good-will towards men that is indellibly imi^ressed upon the people. Out of the Church have come most, if not all, of the charitable and philanthropical institutions of the city. It is the mother of societies for relief, of institutions for the needy, hospitals for the sick, and even of the schools. Here, as elsewhere, the Church has always been the friend and principal advocate of education. Aside from all thi^, the churches are contlucting well-organized and largely attended Sunday Schools, including a large number of handsome Parochial Schools. .\11, or nearly all, of the churches have social organizations of one kind or another, not only for women and girls, but for men and boys as well, and all of them are eager to ex- tend to strangers a cordial welcome and an ever ready helping hand. Not a few of the churches have made, and are making, special provision for the entertainment and recreation of their members. In some cases bowling allies, billiard tables, shuffle boards and gymnastic equipments have been provid- ed, and in others basketball courts have been established in adjoining parish houses. Another advance movement in religious circles is evidenced in the new interest which has been awakened in what is called "Social Service." The church, generally speaking, is now taking a new stand m reference to bettering ]ihysical conditions. The ^len and Religion I'orward Movement has given jjrominence to tnis subject. In Newark man\- of the ministers of the dififerent denominations are active in movements for the bettering of human coinlitions. A new and advanced movement among the churches is the recent organization of the Inter-church I'ederation of Essex County. This inckules nearly all the important branches of the protestant church. The aim is not to blot out deni iminational distinctions, but to find a basis for co- operation and united effort along the distinctive lines of work of each denomination toward the elevation of the com- munity in general, while preventing the overlapping of church activities in the same field. With all this the churches generally are giving special attention to boys and girls and young men and women, not only in a strictly religious sense^ but along social lines. In iddition to the regular Sunday services, special services or meetings of one kind or another are held in all, or nearly all of the churches tluring the week, and these, for the most part, are largely attended. The Presbyterian Hospital in Newark, .New Jersev, is one of the latest organizations in the city. It is located in South Ninth street, in the Roseville residential section, and is de- signed to supplement the work of the other hospitals in the community. Established on lines of broad humanity, this institution is conducting its work without distinction as to color, nationality, or religion. To it reputable physicians, other than the regular hospital staff, ma\-, under proper regulations and restrictions, send their patients and also treat them per.sonally. Co-operating with the Presbyterians on its Board of Trustees are representatives of other de- nominations. 40 BENEVOLENT] INSTITUTIONS m Al)\'A.W'l.\(i as it lias alniio; s(i many dift'erent lines, Newark has nut permitted itself tu stand ■till ill charitable and sucial service work. It has been as proijressive in this particular as any other city in the country. The result is that in addition to the state, county and city agencies that are engaged in this work, Newark has sixty- two private organizations that are systematically devoting their energies and their money to social betterment and charity. In their work these organizations spend more than $800,- 000 a year. In addition to that money are the expenditures of the city, county and state for Newark, which, on the average, brings the sum total of this annual expenditure up to $1,700,000. L'nder any and all circumstances the people of Newark are free-handed. To them no a|)peal for the neefly is ever made in vain. In voluntarv contributions and through entertainments they turn over to the charitaljle organizations every year nearly $400,000, and from beneficiaries and ihrough the sale of products these associations receive over $300,000 more. In addition to that the societies get $28,000 from the citv treasurv and from other sources ; including interest on endowment funds, they receive more than $800,- 000. Tlie largest returns from beneficiaries are received by the hospitals. Last year ( 1911 ) they got from patients and the hitter's families and friends, $166,500. In the course of a recent review of the work of these organizations A. W. MacDougall, secretary of the Bureau of .\ssociated Charities, of Newark, divided these private and pulilic agencies into nine dififerent classes, as follows: one, agencies for the sick; two, agencies for relieving families in their homes ; three, agencies for needy and delinquent chil- dren ; four, agencies for the homeless; five, agencies for the aged and infirm ; six, agencies for punitive and reformatory purposes; seven, agencies for the defective — the blind, deaf- mute, the feeble-minded, the insane, etc. ; eight, agencies for educational, civic and social punposes ; nine, agencies for religious and ethical purposes. Tlie vearlv benefits the people derive from these institu- tions are indicated Iiy expenditures for requisites in all de- partments. The me(lical charities, including fourteen organi- zations, spent $318,400 last }ear ; the fourteen institutions for the care of children exjiended $122,900 ; seven institutions spent $77,600 in caring for the aged and infirm ; five organi- zations for the homeless and the wayward spent $69,900; two organizations engageil in humane work exi)ended $7.- 559; for fresh air work $12,780 was expended, and the nine- teen remaining organizations, covering many phases of char- itable and social work, spent $225,700. In these figures no account is taken of the money that was spent )ublicly or privately in corrective work. L'ntil within a comparatively recent ])eriod much, if not all, of this charitable and social betterment work was clone in a more or less haphazard way. Now. however, it has been systematized along difl'erent lines, and indiscriminate giving and work is the exception rather than the rule. Under this system every phase of charitable and social work, cover- ing the needs of sutifering humanity from the cradle to the grave, is promptly, courteously, and speedily lookeil after. This work embraces hospital service, medical service in homes, dispensaries and clinics of all kinds, diets, fruit and flower distribution, general and special provisions for incurables, for contagious cases, for convalescents, for maternity cases, for the care of babies, for food, fuel and clothing, for fresh air outings, for day nursery care, for legal aid and advice and for burials. In their operations these organizations endeavor to prevent cruelty to chil- dren. They also kee]i a watchful eye on the charitable insti- tutions, and upon the ])unitive reformatorv and preventive agencies, including the juvenile and other courts. To the provisions and institutions for the care of defectives they give special and close attentitm. Not tlie least important part of all this work is done by the educational and religious agencies which cover such a wide range of modern, every- day urban life. With the idea of fostering deserving charities, eliminating useless ones, and preventing fraud in work of this kind a Charities Endorsement Committee was organized some years ago and with the formal approval of the Board of Trade and other large organizations it has done, and it is floing, good work along its special line. In order to receive the endorsement of tliis committee, which the public now looks for before contributing to any institution or cause, a charity must have a board of managers, regularly elected each year, and made up of local people who are in actual control of it; it must make an annual report, including an accurate, proper! v audited account of all moneys leceived and expended, and it must be doing a wiirk the value of which is to some degree, at least, commensurate with the amount of money expended. The endorsement committee is opposed to the raising of money by means of entertainments that are arranged by professional promoters and it refuses to endorse a charity that pays an excessive percentage of its proceeds to col- lectors. Its endorsement was given last year to fifty-two organizations which show, in no small degree, the diversi- fied character of the work that is carried on for the wel- fare of this communitv. 42 1 Moroe, iorijjs. Fi^i^vjcileii 2- Xevvark Orphar, Asylixn^ 5 J-fcjTnefor Crippled. Cj^Jlclrej;) ^ Bureau op\5>so(Liatroad street, not far fr(}m the Lackawanna railroad depot, and several smaller ones located in dififerent parts of the city, have furnished, up to this time, all the necessary accommodations of this kind. With the growth of the city, however, the demand for more hotel room has grown and, in response to it, at least one magnificent structure of this kind will soon be constructed. It is to be built on lower I'.road street, near the City Hall, and within easy walking distance of the Cen- tral and Pennsylvania railroad stations. .Xs in the case of the other hotels. trolle_\- cars will pass the door. 46 fc|' Mo I- Lh End ^^ '■ fc fc.' ' r*^ ■yJ-^lOia CJubs I PROM 1KB N.T:^ ME,\VA:R,K CLUBS The Yoiiiil; Men's (_'liristi:m Association building is sitn- ( )ru' of tlic most int^.■rc^lin.^ courses in this series is tlic ateil within a few niiniUes' walk of the business centre of the automobile instruction. In this work each class is limited citv. To Newark's young men it offers the very best of to twelve men, and with ample equipment the instruction is made interesting, practical and vahiable. The course in- "clulHlom comforts." With every j^ossible convenience and e(|nipment, this $500,000 institution makes the ideal city- club for nearl}- 3,000 \niing men. Having 125 bed-rooms, it furnishes 200 men with an actual and a club home. To a stranger entering the building the spacious lobb\- and splendid offices give an unusually pleasant impression, and visitors are at once maile to feel at home by the cotu-te- ous secretar\' and his assistants. In the building is a s])lendid gynma- sium with a running track — twent\-tive laps to the mile — and a forty foot swimming p o o 1, which is filkd dailv with clear, spark- ling, artesian water. This makes an ideal attraction for the athleticallv inclined youth and in tlie w a r m weather many a hot and tired business man finds hrxiuMoiis com- fort in a noon-time [jlunge in the cleai- waters of the pool <.)ne of the feat- ures of this l)ranch of the Young .Men's Christian Associa- tion is its large edu- cational department, which last year (191 1) gave nearly 900 men instruction along the lines of one or more of the thirtv-two dift'erent courses eludes instruction on the general construction of automo- biles, taking- oft' and putting on the dift'erent parts, includ- ing tires, taking apart and as.sembling steering gears, and a thorough ]iractical consideration of all the" other parts of an automobile. So poinilar has this course proved that it has been f o u n d necessary to mcrease the equipment and enlarge the shops twice within o n e _\ ear. A l present j.bout seven hundred square feet of floor space is devoted for this work. T h c classes are of two kinds. One meets twice a week and the other a?;sembles once a week. In ad- dition to them, pri- vate instruction is arranged to suit the convenience of the student. With all this the Association is de- voting a good deal of time and not a little thought to the out- doc ir entertainment and instruction of its memliers. Trips of an educational character are fre- quently arranged, and in addition to them, the organiza- tion conducts its own excursions and outings. The boys' depart- Thc courses offered are as ment, with 800 members, has a commodious suite of rooms. YOUNG MEN S CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION BUILDING. follows: Accountanc}- school, .Kero Club, for boys, Archi- which have been thoroughly equipped with everytliing that tectural Drawing (one and two-year cour.ses), Automobile appeals to the heart of a young man. In addition to this. the boys of the Association have a summer camp at I'due School (day and evening clas.ses), Boys' Business Prepara- tory, Business Courses, Civil Service (postal clerk, letter carrier, railway and mail). Commercial Law (profesional course). Common School Courses, Electricity (first and sec- ond years), Fir.st Aid to the Injured (for boys), French, German. Spanish (conversational). Glee Club, Mandolin Club, Mechanical Drawing (first and second years'). Mod- eling (for boys). Orchestra, Salesmanship, Shops, Mathe- matics, Tutoring (any subject), and Wireless Telegraphy. Mountain Lake, which is splendidly cqui]-)])ed for their comfort and recreation. The Association maintains literally hun e.\ pected that the use of small ])anes of glass in all the win- dows will give an exceedingly home- like effect to the structure. In addition l iK-ar H-dlloy lines, while the moxinj,' picture plaee-. that ilut .li"iSi'\i;' tiie future Dv the ])ast ileeadc the iiiuiiici|)ality. are so located that they can always count expect that these i)laces will not nnlv he a credit in an >n liberal neighborhood patronage. They and the theatre as well as tlie hotels and restaurants, are carefully protectt against fire. In their con- struction and use many things have been done to make them safe. In this respect. they like other large places in the city, are under the constant sur veillance of tin- hire Department and under the su])crvision of the liureau of Com- bustibles a n d I'ire Risks. All of the places ari' l)lenti fully su]) plied with exits that are easily reached, a n d many of them have their nun lire-fi.ghting ajiparatus for u-e in enlergencie^ In the winter they are comfortably and carefullx heatei ane 1. 1' ill!' ten .inls ;iiicl their guesls. I'dr one ol these large -Iriiclurcs con- Iracls have al- r V a d \ been a\\;iiihd and ar- chitects are now preparing draw- ing- for two (ir three more. That a gre::t iiiaiu' peiiple ]ii'e fer residence in these apartment- hi lu-e - hotels is due to the fact that while re-id- ing within them they are afforded ever\- convenience ;md comfort, not to he found in modern family dwellings. There is an increasing demand for apartments in houses of this style. '^ Wmt' ■-xi' -p 'C(?\ ^--O, ■ ■ EDUCATIONAL-ADVANTAGES \ NI'.W'ARK enjoys the reputation of having' jjublic _\ __ schools that are second to none in the L'nited ^ ' States. It also has the chstinction of liaving ennilled in them a greater jiercentage of the population than is the case in any otlier of the larger twenty cities of the country, save only lliistiin. In that city the school ennijlnicnt is tlie same as in Xewark. namely i') 2-t^ per cent. The enrollment in the Xewark evening sclmols is even more remarkahle. ai)proximating as it does, about one-foiu'th of the (lay-school enrollment. In this res])ect .Newark is far ahead of its sister cities. In fact, it is fifth in total enroll- ment in the evening schools of all the cities of the L'nited States. This extraordinary school enrollment is due to the excellence of the city schools and the manner in which they are conducted and shows the confidence that the ])eople in general have in them. The Xewark Summer Schools have been developed in a similarly successful manner. Organized in 1885 — the first in the United States — they have liLcn uniformly popular, progressive and successful. In them are enrolled nearly one-fourth as many jnipils as in the regular term schools. The kindergarten, established in Xewark back in the nineties, has for a ilecade or longer ranked third in the countr}' in the number of pupils. These facts all go to show that the j^eople of .Xewark have for years Ijeen deeply in earnest in making their schools the best in the country. To this end, expenditures for schools have always been generously voted. The total cost for maintenance for the year 1910-1911 was $2, kjij, 524.79. Tiiat sum does not include the cost of sites, new buildings, repairs, etc., or what in general are termed permanent ex- ])enses. These items for the same period amount to $1,134,800.35. The following figures will show at a glance the size and extent of the Xewark school system. Population of Xewark, 1912 (estimated), 365,000. SCHOOL ENROLLMENT. PUPIL.S. TE,\CHERS. Day schools 61,000 i,540 Evening schools 15.000 390 Summer .schools 14-342 390 School playgrounds 10,529 165 Total 100,871 2,555 ■ From these figures it will be seen that Xewark pro\ir nearly one-third of its population, a ratio rarelv, if ever, ajjproximated bv any other city. and simps wiiere sucli tits hoys directly for several of the mechanical industries. |)U])iIs receive industrial and aijricultinal Irainini;. There is also an evening industrial ( I-awcett Drawing ( )pcn-air schools for weak or anemic children, a sciinnl for .^chool ) for young men and young women, chiefly those tuhercnlar children, and schools for the hlind and for the employciiest W. Schlee. secre- tary: Medley !•". Bragwin, regi.strar : I'Vank II. .Shoemaker, representative : W. Gillx-rt Condit. rei)resentative. Mr. .Alton II. Perry, president of the College, has been engaged in commercial school training for the past ten years, is thoroughly familiar with both private and public school conditions, and is known as an educator of high ideals. He is a member of the Eastern Commercial Teachers' .Associa- tion, and of the National Commercial Teacher's Federation, two of the largest educational organizations in this country. It is due to the patient efforts of such men as Mr. Perry, that private business and shorthanfl schools are sincere in their purpose, and as such maintain such high-grade courses. 57 °-" PVBLI LITIES m TRANSIT )R TATK ).\ faciliti^-N are as necessary tnr ilic i^rowth and (levelo]:)ment of a citv as tlie arteries of the human system are essential t(i the lieahh an well-hein^" of the ])copIe who comprise the nnniicipalit\'s in- hahilanls. W ilhDUt means for transferring; its citizens to anil fni within and without its h(_)rders ; for hrini;iiints have become more and more valuable, and thai this will continue to be sn i-. certain. .\s a means of lurllier ini])riiving the rix'er and increasing its usefulness, work has now been >tarteil on an intercepting sewer which is to take |^=||^ from the stream the sewage wliii'li is now hc- jj^^^P ing emptied into it. It is estimated that this ^^^^ work will cost $11,250,000. and it is ihouglil llial it will be eMni|ileled in abnul four vears. I In- ex])en>e is to be borne Iiy liftein numicipalities. I'.v.ssAK i.;i\i;n \\v.\\ .\T jACK.so.v .s'rkKi-; I' iikuk, 50 FINANCI Nl'.WARK i).-cui)ies a L-un--])icuiiu> |ilace as a tinaiicial center. In this particular tielil it has nine national banks, nine trust companies, including the l-'idelity. which is the hirgL'st in the state, and five savings hanks, among the latter being the Howard, which is the biggest in^titution of its kind in Xew Jersey. What these banks are doing and how they stand, is best sliown by the figures taken from their recent statement. ( )n Januarv i, igi2. their comljined capital amounted to more than $28,000,000. and their total resources exceeded $140,- 000.000. At that time the\- had on deposit, from nearly 200.- 000 ilepositors. a total of $120,000,000. Their total loans then exceeded $70,000,000. While cautious and uniformly conservative in all their operations, the Newark Banks are progressive and. in their dealings with customers, liberal. Without exception, the first thought (if the commercial banks is the manufacturer ami the merchant. It is the invariable custom of these institu- tions, other things being equal, to give first consideration to the business man in the matter of accommodation and in this particular no deserving applicant for money has ever had cause for complaint. In every way that is consistent with sound banking, the financial institutions aid and encourage the progressive business man. and on more than one oc- casion, they have helped the timid to higher and more pro- fitable ways. Nearly all the lianks in this class pay 2% on deposits of $500 to $1,000, or more. One of the banks — the National Newark lianking Com- ])any — enjoys the di-tinction of being the oldest institution of its kind in the state, being more than one hundred years old. .\nother of the local bank-; — the National State — will soon celebrate its one hundredth anniversary. The ofificers of these institutions, and also those of the other banks in Newark, stand high, not only in the city, but throughout the financial world. They aie men who thoroughly under- stand every detail of their exacting business, and having had long and wide experience, they ^^ave always proved them- selves equal to any emergency that has arisen. Nowhere in the country will one find savings banks- that are conducted with more fairness and conservative progres- siveness than those in Newark. In them nearl\' 150,000 residents of the city and nearby |daces have accounts, upon which these banks pay com]iound interest at four per cent., upon siuns up to and including $1,000. and three and one- half per cent, on balances over that suiu. That custom is followed by the trust companies in their savings departments, and also by some of the national banks that accept deposits of this character. Not a few of the banks have modern fire-proof and burg- lar-proof safe-deposit vaults. These represent the last word IK^STS in the wa_\' of pr(i\i(ling safe storage ])laces un precious papers and general valuabl I' or lio.xes and spaces in these vaults the charge, in no case, i^ high. It is a significant fact, in connection with the .Newark bank- ing institutions, and one worth remembering, that, in the never-to-be-forgotten panic of ujO/. when banks all over the country were obliged to clo^e their doors, not one of the local banks was at any time in tn.iulile that approached seri- ousness. ( )n the contrary, so well managed did they prove to be. that in scores of cases they responded promptly and liberally to the cries of local merchants for financial help, and through them more than one individual and not a few com- panies in and around Newark were saved, in those trying days, from going to the wall. It is not only in the banks and trust companies' that the people of Newark are putting their money. That fact i^ made plain li\ the growth in miiubcr and receipts of the building and loan associations in the city. These institutions, like the state banks and trust compan- ies, are under state supervision, acting through the depart- ment of Banking and Insurance. As a result they are man- aged so carefully that trouble of a financial kind is a thing unknown among them. It is largely for that reason that they are so ])opular with the thrifty citizens of Newark. According to official figures the total number of these associations in the citv of Newark in 1911 was 191. The total membership in them was 64.129 and the number of shares outstanding was 345,273. These associations had assets of $33,329,366. Their mortgage loans amounted to $31,177,236 and the amount of their share loans was $1,092,- 923. Their total receipts last year amounted to $23408.193. Through these associations thousands of homes in Newark have been bought or built by the residents, and to these or- ganizations is due in no small measure the fact that so many of the local taxpayers (jwn their own dwelling places. It is a significant fact, in connection with these associations, that some of the most prominent and successful professional men and financiers in the city are serving as ofificers or di- rectors of these organizations, and that they are doing this without remuneration. Upon these men fal's the work of conducting these asso- ciations and their I)usines'-, for such is the confidence that the great majority of the shareholders have in them, that comparatively few of the members of the organizations ever attend the meetings. I'nderstanding this sentiment and realizing the responsibility that is thus placed upon them, the officers and rlirectors of these associations are giving to them not only their time, but their highest and best services and the result is an astonishing growth in the business trans- acted and the soundness of the methods pursued. 60 National Ne\\^ark 13anking Company N( ) history of the iiKhistrial grmvtli .and ])n>si)ciity of Newark could hv ccmii)k'tc without an exhaustive re- view of the origin, uninterrupted progress and uncxcelleil record of the National Newark Hanking Company, the tirst institution of its kind chartered under the laws of the State of New Jersey. So closely linked are the affairs of this venerable institution with those of the financial, commercial ani/.[)Oi.2^, was jiaid in 1835. when times were once more prosperous. It reipiires a wide stretch of the imagination to connect the Newark lianking and Insurance Company, chartered one hundred and eight \ears ago with a capital of $225,000, -«*) IF-« F.XTKRIOR OE" R.\XK. achieved a national, and even internatidnal rejiutation fur the qualitx' and (piantity uf the manifold products fashioned here. The fact that the National Newark Hanking Company has never failed to pay a dividend — some unprecedently large — from the time its charter was granted on Februarv 8, 1804, until the present time, alone entitles it to a distinctive place in banking history. The customary dividend paid by the bank on its stock was six jier cent., although this rate gradually increased until it reached its present handsome rate of twenty-four per cent. As long ago as 1813 the directors treated the stockholders to an agreeable surprise bv declaring, in additinn tii the regular dividend, which at with the .National .Newark lianking C_'omi)any, whose assets to-day exceed twelve million dollars! r)ccu])ying the most palatial quarters of any banking institution in the State, the magnificent white marble pile at Broad and Clinton streets is quite in keei)ing with the ilignified, venerable and substantial institution it houses. It has been said that the present officers of the National Newark Banking Company form as happy an official family as is to be found in any financial institution in the country. .Since the men at the helm of the bank's affairs are men w^io have been reared in the banking business, devoting their whole lives to finance, it is little wonder that such conge- nialitv as here found should exist. Each officer has risen 61 from the ranks. I''ach has jfilled e\cr\ t\v>\< in this, or some similar institution, and each is an expert in tiie field of his chosen endeavor. I)a\id 11. .Merritt, the bank's president, lioi;an liis financial career at the age of fifteen at the .Vationai liank of N'ew Jersey in \'e\v I'.runswick. and step 1)\- ste|) he has risen until he, to-ila\ . fills one of the proudest lierths in the State. .Mr. Albert 11. I'.alilwin. the vice-presi- dent, has ijiven his whole life to this t)ne bank, having- begun his business career in the old Newark City National liank and risen to his jiresent position. W. M. \'an Deusen succeeded to the cashiershi]i of the bank iipnn the death of Menry W. Tunis in r'ebruar\-, 191 1. i'.orn in I'ittsficld, Mass., he entered the t-niploy of a savings bank at .\e\\ Milford, Conn., when but si.xteen years of age. Then he went to the National liank of New Jersev. at New I'lrunswick. and by a peculiar coincidence found his wa\- into the .Xaliimal Newark I'.ank over the road trodden b\' so many of the bank's most efficient and highl\--houored officials, lie came to the Newark City National Hank as assistant teller, graduating to the role of note teller, and upon the amalgamation of the National .Newark Hanking Company and the Newark City National Hank, he was transferred to a similar berth in the consolidated institution. His next ])romotion came when he was made assistant cash- ier, and tliis post he filled so acceptably that there was no question as to the identity of Mr. Tunis's successor when that official was called to his last rest. Mr. t '. ( 1. 1 lemingway, the assistant cashier, has been with the bank nvcr twenty years, having liegun at the bottom in the Newark City National liank. lie rose through the ranks, being made assistant cashier on March '). igii. The ])ers(iiniel of the directorate of the National Newark Ranking Companv speaks for itself. Men of the highest calibre form this body — all names that stand forth in their respective fields of endeavor. The directorate as now com- posed consists of Samuel S. Dennis, president of Howard Savings Institution : Frederick Frelinghuysen. president .MiUnal r.enefit Life Insurance Company; James C. Mac- Donald, counsellor at law; James P. Dusenberr\-. treasurer of rublic .Service Cor]ioration ; John O. IT. I'itney. coun- sellor at law; F.dward L. Dobbins. vice-])resident .Mutual lienefit Life Insurance Company; Mathew T. (ia\. president r)f HIanchard lirothers & Lane; David II. .Merritt, ])resi- deiit ; James S. Higbie, of James R. .Sayre. Jr., (Jt Company; C. h'dwin Young, Standard ( )il Company; .\lbcrt II. Hald- win. vice-president; W'ynant D. \ andei'pocil. attorney at law; I'hilemon L. 1 loadley. president -\merican Insurance Company; Peter Campbell, treasurer of the Nairn Linoleum Company, and George R. Howe, of Carter. Howe & Com- pany. With such a bulwark behind it, it is not surprising that the National Newark Banking Company should have taken such a foremost place in the financial afifairs of the State, a place it has enjoyed since its inception. \\'hen the Newark Hanking and Insurance Company was chartered there were but forty-five banks in the L'nited States. There was little or no precedent by which the foun- ders of this institution might be guided, save their own sound busitiess jud.gment and insight into the affairs of the conununity in which each played a more or less important role. Coincident with the dawn of the nineteenth eentur\ the little grou|) of manufacturers and merchants then doing business in .Newark felt the urgent need of a bank here. Tanning and currying was an industry that had thrived and .grown to large ]:)roportions ; shoe manufacture was a well- paying and big industry for those times, and the output from these and a score of other factories was finding a readv market in New ^■(lrk. Philadel])hia and throu.ghout the South generally. The leading shoe manufacturers of that time were Luther and Calvin Coble. Aaron RoiT. David Crowell. John llelden. David I lays, Joseph Case, Ephraim and Enoch I'olles. .'-Itephen Wheeler. Cvrus Beach. Calel) Carter and Robert B. Campfield were the most pros|)erous carriage manufacturers, while b"pa]jhrus Hinsdale was the pioneer jewelry mamifacturer. whose partner. John TaAlor. later became third vice-])resiilent of the .State's first bank. Isaac Baldwin also ji lined this firm, the name then becoming Taylor & Baldwin. W'icklitte b". Baldwin, son of Isaac, succeeded to this business, and all three members of the firm became directors of the bank. The Revolutionary War had left the finances of this country in such a pitiably chaotic state that an appeal for help was made by the I'ederal (iovernujent to the States. Newark had no bank of its own. being entireh' ucceeded him. Three \cars later, or, to be exact, on .\pril (>, 1813, Judije Elisha Houdinot tendered his resignation as jiresident and director, ( leneral John X. humming, a fellow director, succeeding to the iiresidencv. (ieneral Cumming continued at the bank's head until -May 30, iSjo. when, uijon his resignation, .Silas Condit succeeded him. In the interim the bank had i)assed through that troublous ])eriod when banks generally suspendeil specie ])a\'ment. Rv a special act of Congress, in the Autiunn of 1S37. ;ui abso- lute divorcement of State ISanks and the L'nited States Treasury was brought about, which was followed liy a with- drawal of Government deposits from such hanks. This act dealt a heavy blow to man\ hanks, luit Xew.irk's ])niud i.vrEiuoK OK Tin-; 1!.\.\k. i.ookini; i;.\sr. most acli\e and valued (jtticers. Refractions of the bank's rules by directors, officers and clerks alike brought forth prompt condemnation, inuiishable either by dismissal from service or by attaching a stigma to the name of the recalci- trant by spreading a recortl of his error of omission or commission ujxjn the minutes. In the year 1812 the State Banks of Xewark, Camden. Elizabeth and Xew I'runswick were incorporated, until which time the Xewark Banking and Insurance Companv had been the sole bank in Xewark. Two years later .Mr. Whitehead resigned as cashier of the Newark Bank and institutiiiii manifested little or no concern and continued on its uninterrupted coiu'se of ])ros])erity. .\aron Beach, after a twenty-seven-year term of office as cashier, died in Xovember, 1841, and in turn was succeeded by William .M. X'ermilye, cashier of the Manhattan Com- jwny of Xew ^'ork, which was the Xewark Bank's New Vnrk depository. A year later marked another change in the bank's presidency, Mr. Condit resigning after a twenty- two-year tenure of ofifice. Thereupon John Taylor became the bank's fourth president. Desirous of engaging in the hanking business in X'evv York City, Mr. \'ermilye resigned 63 the casliicrship in July, 1843, ^"^1 \'eniiil}e & Company made its appearance in Wall Street. He was succeeded bv his brother, Jacob D. X'ermilye, although William continued in the directorate and proved to be one of the most useful members of that body. The most startling- and dramatic event in the history of the Newark I'.ank occurred on .May 14, 1848, when President Taylor, returning; from Xew York, left a package containing $50,000 in checks and redeemed circulation notes in the seat he had occupied on the ferry boat. The appropriation of the ])ackage was traced to a colored woman who picked it up and concealed it beneath her apron as she left the boat. The detection was brought about by the woman's lavish expenditure of money, although when ap])rehended only $21,200 in notes and $1,117.55 '" checks were recovered. President Taylor keenly felt the loss which he attributed to iiis own carelessness, and the amount <>f the shortage he personally made good to the bank. I'pon the dawn of the second half century in the bank's career, Mr. Ta\ior resigncil the presidency. James B. Pinneo being elected in his stead. A renewal of the bank's charter, expiring in i85<), having been granted by the Legislature in 1855, one of its provi- sions permitted a ciiange of title to the Newark P.anking Company, effective in 1859. Meanwhile another change in the management of the bank occurred in February, 1858, when Mr. X'ermilye relinquished the cashiership to accept a like berth with the Merchants' IJank of New York. He. like his brother, remained a director of the Newark Rank until the day of his death. Twelve days later, Charles G. Rockwood. then cashier of a Norwalk (Conn.) bank, was appointed in his stead and at once entered upon his duties. It was in September of this year that the officials moved into the bank's newly-erected brownstone structure that had been erected at ISroad and liank streets, the bank being housed in temporary quarters, nearby, while the work was in progress. I'ive months before the opening gun was fired upon Fort Sumter a ])anic ensued in financial circles, due to the fear of secession. The Government issued treasury notes, the proceeds of which were to be devoted to equipping its army. The Newark Hank in January, 1861, bought $25,000 of these notes, purchasing $130,000 more in the succeeding three months. The Government saw the necessity of raising addi- tional funds in order to supply the sinews of war, and when bonds were issued for this purpose the Newark Banking Coiripany was among the first to subscribe, taking over $50,000 of this pajier at par. Sc^nie of the Iiank's customers had lost heavily at the outbreak of the war, due to the large accounts they were carrying with their southern trade. But in the majority of instances the Newark lianking Company took care of their paper, even going so far as to advance additional funds with which to make over their manufac- tories in order to produce their share of the manv wares the Government required in the equipment of all arms of its service. Thus many a Newark manufacturer who saw ruination staring him in the face at the outset of the war, through the leniency and generosity of the Newark Banking Company, started afresh and built up a fortune far in ex- cess of his most sanguine expectation. On November 27 of this year occurred the death of Silas Condit, the last survivor of the first Board of Directors and for nearly twenty \ears tlie bank's president. Tiravely surmounting all obstacles that arose in its path during the parlous days of the Civil War, the Newark Bank- ing Company not only Ijreasted the wave of financial depres- sion that swept the country, but ma'de mone\- for its stock- holders and furnished the capital for numbers of patrons who grew rich as jnirveyors to the Government during the war. ( )n November 17, 1864, the question of organizing the Newark Banking Company as a national banking asso- ciation was agitated. This became a reality, and the transi- tion became effective on .May 4, 1865. The name of the reorganized institution then became the National Newark Banking Company, with its ca]iital fixed at $500,000. Prior to this conversion the liank's capital had stood at an odd figure, viz: $508,650, represented by 10.173 shares of stock. But the odd 173 shares were purchased by the bank and retired, thus reducing the capital to the half million mark. At the same time the directorate was reduced from eleven to nine members, and each liecame eligible for re-election. The war over, the National Newark Banking Company continued to thrive and expand. .\ period of prosperity became so manifest about this time that a gratuity of fifteen per cent., and still another of twenty-five per cent., was added to the salaries of all the institution's employees. But in 1870 the tide turned and another long period of depression ensued which made it necessary to reduce salaries and retrench wherever possible. ^More than one big concern doing business in Newark went to the wall at this time. but. wherever possible, a hel])ing hand was extended to its patrons by the Newark Banking Company. Despite this curtailment in ex])enses the bank paid its dividend. ( )n March 2/. 1879. the surplus fund account was reduced $30,000 for losses beyond the amount of the undivided profits account. The resumption of specie payment was accomplished in this year after a suspension of seventeen years. Mr. Rockwood succeeded to the presidency of the bank on Januar\- 13. 1887. following the death, four days pri(3r. of Mr. Pinneo. Philiij W. Crater, who had been Mr. Rock- wood's assistant, was a|)pointed cashier. James D. \'ermi!ye. vice-president and director, died five years later, at which time Mr. Rockwood urgent])' recommended the expediency of appointing a vice-jiresident thoroughly versed in banking affairs and one capable of succeeding to the presidency should the occasion arise. In discussing the wisdom of such a precaution. Mr. Rockwood. in his book. "One Hundred Years — 1804-1904." had this to say: It was not until tlie panic of 1903 which emphasized the need of tlius safeguardine the interests of the bank, that definite action was talank was seriously entered into. The followino; entry appears upon the bank's minutes under date of January y. 1902: The three directors who a short time ago were asked to give^^consideration in an informal proposition then made on behalf of the Newark City National Bank, looking to consolidation with this hank, namely. Messrs. X'anderjiool. I'relinphuysen and Campbell, reported by the last named that several meetings haf whom took the oaths of office then and there, as did the directors. The min- utes of that meeting give the address of the bank as 251 Broad street. Seven years later, the bankers having decided to join the national bank system, made applicatinn for such a charter, and on June 3. 1865. Free- man Clarke, who was Comptroller of Cur- rency at Washington at that time, authorized the institution to begin busi- ness as a national bank. The Article of .Asso- ciation, w h i c h w a s adopted, allowed for a board of directors to consist of fifteen stock- holders, and for a capital stock of $300,000.00. with authority to in- crease. The first l)oard of directors consisted of the following gentle- men : Joseph Ward, Charles S. Graham, Al- exander Grant, Stephen (i. Gould, Thomas B. kssex countv n.\tioxai. I'eddie, Orson Wilson, .\bner S. Reeve, James Booth. An- drew Atha, Daniel Price. Isaac .\. .\lling. Richard Hall. .\1- exander Barclay. Walter Tomkins and John 11. Ballantine. In .\pril, 1869, contracts were signed fur the erection of a building at 753 Broad street, for the exclusive use of tlie liank. This building has since been razed. In June. 1911. the bank moved to temporary quarters at 736 Broad street while building operations were in progress. Contracts for a new bank building { to be erected on the site of the former building, and part of the adjoining lilt I. vatdts and safety Ixixes were awarded in July. [911, and this new building is now finished and in use in the dail\- liusiness of the bank. ClintOH & Russell, nf .\'cw York City, were the architects who designed a building architectur- ally beautiful as well as chaste and simple in design. \Miile not a large building, as the term is understood, it is ciinsiderabh- larger than the nld one. and is designed to meet every requirement of beauty and conven- ience needed in a mod- ern banking institution, with ample room for future development. It is to be used exclu- sively by the bank. The first stor}-. nearly thirty-five feet in height, is one large monumental room, with a hi.gh wain- scote of marble, side walls of stojie and heavy beamed Italian ceiling \yith skylights that ad- mit sufficient light to the building. The officers' section, behind a marble rail at the left of the entrance, provides space for their desks and accommoda- tion for customers. On the right of the entrance is the staircase and ele- \ator. .\bove the offi- cers' section is a mezza- nine containing the di- rectors' room, which ex- tends across the front. .\t the side of the eleva- tor is a wide stairway to the safe deposit vaults in the basement, the front half of which is devoted to that pur])ose. The exterior of the l.)uilding. or street fa- cade, is of white \'er- It consists of one large simple arch with fianking pilasters .supporting the main entablature and balustrade. In the center of the arch is the marble doorway of dignified proportions, silhouetted against the bronze and glass filling of the arch. The detail is all worked out in the style of the Italian Renaissance. The materials u.sed are the very best of their kind, with no excess ornamentation. The vault measures, outsiile corner to corner, twelv? feet high, twentv-one feet wide and twenty feet, five inches deep. KAXK, j^T, r,Ro.\n sTRicirr. mont marble and bronze 68 The inside dimensions are eight feet eight inches high, sixteen feet, eleven inches wide and sixteen feet, three inches deep. The vault is equipped with one main entrance door, and one emergency door. The main entrance door is round, and provides a clear walk way into the vault, seven feet and six inches high. The door is twenty- four inches thick, constructed of alternate layers of soft and drill proof steel, and the outer half is protected against the use of oxyacetylene burners by a composition filling imbed- ding alternate rows of one and one-half inch diameter tool- |)roof jail rods. The door is locked by twenty-four inch- diameter locking bolts, and is checked bv two combination the bottom of the vault is made possible by mirrors set on a forty-fi\T; degree angle and the glass floor sections at the rear of the vault. This space is lighted by electric lights controlled by a switch conveniently located in the watch- man's passage. The vault is equipped with a large number of safe deposit boxes of various sizes. The entire ceiling and side walls are finished in polished steel panels and are illuminated by a series of lights set in si)ecial fixtures, and wired in .such a manner that through accident or design, the vault can never be thrown into absolute darkness. The vault is further equipped with sjiecial burglar alarm sys- tems, annunciator buttons connected with the building I.SiliKlOU. I^SSKX (■()U^•T^■ .VAIIONAI. r.AXK. locks with spindles extending through the door frames. The main door weighs approximately thirty-five tons and the door and frame together weigh fifty-eight tons. The emergency door weighs nine tons and the door and frame weigh fifteen tons. The side, front, back, top and hotttjm of the vault, are constructed of a three inch steel lining on the inside, laid up of alternate i)lates of soft and (lri'.l-i>roof steel, twenty inches of rock concrete imbedding two rows of railroad rails, spaced approximately eight inches on centres in each row. The exterior of the vault is covered with a panelled .steel cladding. The entire vault is set upon "I" beams which l)rovide observation spaces under it. The observation of .service. TIk- entrance is |)nitected witli liands(.)nK- ami strongly designed grille gates. Tlie IliMir of tlie v;inll is tiled with Italian marlile. The entire vault is liuilt entirely independent of the building construction, and if the entire building were to fall, as in the case of fire, the construction of the vault is such that it would not be afifected. The vault with the interior and all ec|uipment weighs six Inmdred tons. -V silver-vault is placed in the basement for the storage of trunks and silverware. This vault is fire-proofed in a thorough manner, and equijiped with eight inch doors. The interior is finished with steel shelving, and illuminated by lights controlled from the outside. f^) The bank staff of officers and employees have at their disposal a scientifically planned machine, instead of so many counters, cages, safes, desk and chairs. The equipment permits of expansion with a minimum of disturbance to business; it can be changed without disorganizing the work of anv department, as it was arranged in what is known as "unit form," The modern principle of systematizing to the highest degree has been applied to the equipment as well as to methods of construction and installation. The woodwork is of mahogany, carefully selected for grain. The steel work has been finished in a shade of green, so that the wlmle effect is harmonious to the eye. The progress of the Esse.x County National I'lank. marked Mr. I'arrcll is a man of wide experience in the banking business, and was vice-president of the Irving National Bank of New York prior to accepting the presidency of the Essex County National Hank. Previous to that he had held the same ofiice with the I'ort Dearborn National Bank of Chicago. 1 le was elected president of the Essex County Na- tional Bank in June, 1910, irpon the resignation of Mr. Atha, who had served four years and desired to devote part of his time to other interests. Frank l'>. Adams entered the bank's service in 1872 as a boy. and has filled every position in the bank to his jiresent place of vice-president. A. !•". R. Martin, the present cashier, entered the bank S.\FE DEPOSIT DEP.\KTMENT, ESSEX COUNTY X.\TI0N.\L B.WK. by a series of splendid financial achievements, entitles it to rank among the East's foremost fi,scal institutions, proving its management to be in the hands of able and far-sighted financiers. The officers and directors are among Newark's best kniiwn and most estimable citizens. The officers are: President, Charles L. Farrell : \'ice-Presidents, Frank I!. Adams, (ieo. 1'". I^eeve and Benjamin Atha; Cashier, A. !•". R. .Martin. Win. Rollinson is manager of the safe deposit deiiartment. The directors are Benjamin .Vtha. George F. Reeve, \. William Clark. Joseph \\'ard, Jr.. Wallace M. Scudder, John R. ! lardin. Peter Hauck, W. Campbell Clark, I'elix l-'u!il, 11. I'oster Wilkinson, Frank B. Adams, Henrv (i. .\tha, John j. Wright-Clark, Charles L. Farrell and .\. F. R. Martin. in 1882. and has also held several consecutive positions. George F. Reeve succeeded his father as director, upon the death of the latter, and is now one of the vice-presidents. ( )f the ]M-esent directors, Pienjamin Atha. (ieo. F. Reeve and Joseph AX'ard. Jr.. are sons of original incorporators. -A. condensed re]3ort of the condition of the bank recently issued, contains the following gratifying figures: Resources: Loans and discounts, $7,126,831.89; U. S. bonds (at par), $650,000.00 ; other bonds, $854,076.93 ; real estate, $202,- 6(^4.15 ; due from banks, $2,314,982.34; cash, exchanges and due from L'. S. Treasury, $719,952.25. Liabilities : Capital stock paid in, $1,000,000.00: surplus and profits, $1,531,- 006.35: Circulation, $612,800.00; deposits, $8,724,731.01; total resources and total liabilities, $11,868,537.56. National State Bank O.Xl-^ of tile more recent office buildings to be erected in this, the "City of hukistry," is the new National State Hank building at the southeast corner of Broad and Me chanic streets. It was designed to provide suitable quarters for the bank and al.so to produce an income commensurate with the value of the plot. The building occupies the site of the old iron structure, long a landmark of the citv. The new building is twelve stories high, and has a frontage of forty- nine feet on liroad street and eighty-eight feet on .Mechanic street. The bank occupies the entire first floor, including a mezzanine on the south side, which ]5ruvi very spacious and com- fortable quarters for its increasing business. The basement is arranged to contain a modern safe deposit vault which is for the u.se of the bank. The upper stories are divided into offices with every modern conve- nience, and are served by three elevators, witli an entrance on Hroad street through a roomy corridor on the grounlreet. It, however, did not include all the prop- erty that the bank now owns. For what was then pur- chased the directors agreed to pay $2,800, and on Julv 21st of that year the deal was closed. Soon afterward work was begun on the bank's first home of its own. The build- ing cost about $5,000. and the bank took possession on the third of March. 1813. The capital stock actually paid in on the ninth of Novem- ber. iSi_^, was one hun- dred thousand dollars. .Along the early part of i8<;>8 the institution began to feel the need of more room for its growing business, and it accordingly erected a new building on the rear of its property for its own occupanc}-. then built on the llroad street fninl. anotlier structure to rent for office purpo- ses, having an entrance to the I)anking room through tile centre from liroad street. These buildings had been in constant use until recently torn down, and were rei)laced 1)\- -NWTIO.NAL .ST.XTE BANK. DROAD AND .MKCII A.MC STREETS. tile new $350,000 twelve- story structure now occu])ied i)V tlie ijank. The present officers of liie bank are: Wil- liam i. Coo])er. ])resi- dent ; James !•". iiless. vice-president ; I lenry i". Hays, Jr.. second \ice-pre>i(ient ; Arthur \\ . ( ireasuii, casiiier ; Jiiini 1". Jacobus, audi- tor. The directors are; James 1". Bless, Marcus I,. Ward, E. Luther Joy, William I!. Kinney. Cyrus ( ). Baker, Samuel W. Baldwin, Charles C. Champenois, Abraham Rothschild. W. Alexander Williamson. William Cooper and George W. Jagle. The bank's capital is $500,000. Its surplus and undi- vided profits are $518,371.29. and its deposits amount to almost two and one-half million of dollars. It is pay- ing and has been paving for some time, a semi-annual dividend -of five per cent, to the stockholders on the first days of April and Uctober of each year. 71 Tke Nortk \Varcl National Bank TIIIC iiK-cption of the Xurth Ward National ISank oc- curred in 1S73, when with comparatively mean;re as- sets, it beijan business. It is interesting- to recall an early statement of the bank, made at the close of busi- ness February 21st, 1880. Its resources then stated, were as follows: Loans and discounts, $212,697.62; overdrafts, $108.41; 1.L S. Bonds to secure circulation. $200,000.00; U. S. bonds on hand, $10,000.00: otiicr stocks, bonds and mortgages, $2,290.15: due from approved re- serve agents, $58,940.56 ; due from other National Banks, $4,410.80: bank- ing house, $10,045.88; other real estate, $6.- 085.63 : furniture and fixtures, $3,804.15: cur- rent expenses and ta-xes paid, $305-7^1 : checks and other cash items, $3,- 209.82 ; exchanges for clearing house, $5,- 173.50: bills of other banks, $9,787.00 ; frac- tional pajier currency, nickels a n d cents, $47.93; specie, viz. gold coin, $3,342,76; silver coin, $900.00 ; legal ten- der notes, $11,107.00: due from L^ S. Treas- ury other than five per cent. Redemptimi fund. $9,000.00. making total resources, $551,346.97. At tliis time the liabili- ties were, capital stock paid in, $200,000.00 ; sur- plus fund, $1,000.00: un- divided profits, $12,- 772.38 ; circulating notes received from Comptrol- ler, $180,000.00; divi- dends unpaid, $244.00 ; individual deposits sub- ject to check, $128,- 227.27 ; demand certifi- cates of deposit $240.00 ; certified check, $629.26 ; cashier's check outstanding. $755.59; due to other National Banks, $27,478.47, making total liabilities, $551,346.97. To those associated with the bank as at present conducted, these figures seem almost amu.sing, so .small are t'lcv in comparison with the millions of dollars now handled vearlv. NORTH W.\RII NATIONAL BANK, BROAD STREET, bonds and other investments. $2,219,070.66; banking house and furniture, $100,000.00; due from banks, $554,524.04; cash in vaults. $355,810.78:. Liabilities: Capital stock, $200,000.00: surplus and undivided profits, $362,861.95; cir- culation, $148,700.00; deposits, $3,775,569.49; total re- sources and total liabilities $4,487,131.44. Attention is called to the deposit account, this being one of the largest deposit accounts in the State. This bank has been selected as a depository for State, County and City funds. The ofificers are men of .sterling character and have long been before the public, their sound judgment and wise counsel having often been proved. They are all men who have risen by successive stages to their present positions, and- at all times are pleased to extend advice regarding financial mat- ters. John W. Lushear. the president, entered the bank as a clerk in 1878. and in 1886 had risen to the ])osition of cashier, in a few years was promoted still fur- ther to the office of presi- ilent, which position he fills with wisdom and dignity, and with credit to the institution. Henry AI. Doremus is vice-president, Spencer S. Marsh is cashier, and W'm. H. Pierson is assis- tant cashier. The Board of Directors consists of the following gentlemen : J. Ward Woodrufif, John \\ . Lushear. Alfred \\ Bannister, Henry M. Doremus, Ednnmd V. Hartshorn. John AL Breingan. Peter D. Snutli. W. J. ( )athout. Alfred B. Ayers and Albert C. Case, all of whom are well known, some being actively engaged in manufacturing and n-iercantile pursuits, others being retired business men. Several of the gentle- men are members of the B.iard of Trade. Accounts of banks and bankers, merchants, corporations A few figures quoted from their report to the Comptroller and individuals are .solicited by the management, and particu- of the Currency, issued at the close of business December lar courtesy is extended to women depositors. Courteous 5, 1911. will give some idea of the volume of business now attention is given to all who may wish to do business with transacted. Resources, loans and di.scounts, $1,257,725.96; the bank, whether it be much or little. American National Bank A POTEXT factor in llic ui)l)uil(ling uf any city is the * * presence there of well managed monetary institntions, and in this respect Newark has been particularly fortunate. The banks and trust companies are known widely as being in safe and conservative hands and in every respect stand for the city's advancement and solidity. Xone of these institutions has served its clientele more acceptably than the .American Xational Hank, which, within a few weeks, will occupy its new and fi n e 1 y equipped building at 245 Springfield avenue. The bank had its inception when it opened i t s doors for business as a .State IJank on Xo- vember 19th, 1908, and began business as a Xa- tional liank. December •jtli. 19CHJ. The steady a n d uninterrupted growth of this bank i> the best evidence that its policy and methods are in accord with the demands of the present d a y business needs. .Some interesting figures are given for the jierusa! of the general public, that the growth in de- posits may be seen. T h u s i n .Vovember. KjOiS. the deposits were $28,788.01, in Decem- ber, 1908, 564,241.90. in l-'cbruary, I 909. $136,548.37, in .\prii 1909, $247,046.55, i 11 June, 1909, $295,1 16.79, in September, 1909, $314,482.51, m Xovem- ber, 1909, $438,438.10, in January, 1910, $443.- 285.68. in March, 1910, $614,763.75, in June, 1910, $680,830.84, i n September, 1910, $764,132.19, in .\'iivenil)er, 1910. $7i)(>.- 184.24, in January. 191 1, $860,547.49. in .March. 191 1, $886,- 346.31. in June. 191 1, $1,002,744.25, in September, 1911. $1,013,137.35, in December, 1911. Si,or/).oi 7.77. in Febru- ary, 1912, $1,225,235.84, in April, r.)ij. $1,317,550.06, in June, 1912, $1,498,815.59. These figures are a source of gratification alike to the management and to the depositors, and bespeak a happy and ])n)spenius future. -\ condensed statement issued by the bank June 14. 191 2, is as follows: Resources — Loans and discounts, $1,012,- 784.98; L . S. llonds to secure circulation $3oo.(X)o.oo ; Pre- miums on L'. S. lionds $1,000.00; other bonds, $197,040.60; real estate, $64,591.73; cash on liand and due from other banks, $464,- of the U. S, $200,000.00 ; ileposits, $1: intr the to- .\mi;e. lianister, C'lrl II. Winlsch, and Ceorgv W. Jagle; cashier, Louis J. iUirges.ser; assistant cashier, Rdmimd A. Kung. The I'.nard of Directors is now com- posed (If the fnljdwing genlleinen: James I',. I! a n i s 1 e r , president ; James .\. Ilanister Co. ; John llaader, of I l;inss- ling iS; I'.aader ; ( ;. R. .Munroe, counsellor at law; L. C. I'.ataille. presiclfut of Americ.in Xational Hank; James . ^^ -^gamg ^H ^HM ^ ' I'adnIa, h.'mker ; John aL^'fJl H WW H| F^ H. Berger, merchant; ^\ W — Jl-ir-Tt^ ( leorge J. Sclimauder, * i-" manufacturer; II. \V. I'^oster, Ideal \ acunm Cleaner Co. ; Leon Stears, retired ; John B. Foster, druggist ; Charles S t o ]) pe r , contractor; \\'(.irthington 11, Ingersoll, The Ingersoll Co. of Hamburg, .\'. J.; John .\'. Weber, (General Baking Co. ; George W. Jagle. jiresident. J. J. Hockenjos Co.; Carl H. Wintsch, .M. 1).; Chas, F. Kraemer, real estate broker; William VV. Woodward, president. Woodward Hardware Co., X'^ewton, X. J. .\ new and finely equipix-il Iniilding is just being com- pleted, and will be occupied within a few weeks. This Ijank is a depository for C'ity, L'onnty, l-^tate and L'nited .States postal funds. 7.3 i ne Broad and Market National Bank A.M().\(i iIk' many notable events of importance in the rapid march to greater things in the commercial, mannfacturing and financial affairs of the world which has distinguished the cnterj^rising and progressive city of Xewark, \. j,, for the past decade, it is hardly probable that any has aff(jrded so much satisfaction to the business element of the city as the opening of the liroad & Market National Hank, at 800 Broad street, on the morning of Januarv 3rd, umi. which marked the beginning of the new year, with a new bank, with new equipment and thor- These directors are men prominent in the financial and industrial life of Xewark, whose jjractical experience, jiulg- ment and established integrity invites confidence and favor — elements so essential to the well-being of a monetary institution. It is quite natural to associate the names given above with large, broad and progressive dealings, and the wisdom of the stockholders in choosing them has been clearly shown. The bank closed its first day with deposits aggregating $122,099.79. .\t the end of one month deposits had reached $403,913.25. In a year the deposits were well THE BRO.\D .\.\D M.VUKET N.\TION.\L B.\NK, BRO.\D STREET. oughlv impregnated with all the new ideas which constitutes a modern bank to be conducted uii,on lines of model and modern policies. The gentlemen engaged in the active management have proven themselves thoroughly practical in the banking busi- ness, and wise in the administration of its affairs. The officers are President, Christian Meissner, \'ice-Presidents, David King and Joseph Samuel, Cashier, Charles W. Lent. The directors are : John O'Connor, Christian hdcissner. (jeorge H. Lambert, R. Russell Brant, John Xieder. Morris Cohn, Harry .M. l-'riend, Joseph Samuel, George H. F"ritz, Louis L lieers, Ceorge Weyrauch, Walter C. Jacobs. Charles 11. Stewart, Theodore S. I'^ettinger, Llenry S. .Altai, b'rank W'adsworth and David King. above the million mark ami before the first half of the second vear had been mundcd out deposits were close to $1,500,000 and resources exceeded $2,000.000 — quite a notable record for aiiv financial institution to make — one, it is believed, not surpassed by any bank ever organized in the State of Xew Jersey. The bank was established with a capital of $200,000.00 and a sur]ilus of $100,000.00. Interest at the rate of two per cent, per annum is paid on deposits over $500. cx) anults of manufacturing and mercantile enter- prises is the City Trust Company, an institution which, ever since its in- ception in iijoi, has sus- tained marked progress and stead}' advancement in every department. I'or this most excellent showing due credit must be given the exec- utive officers \v h o at this time are serving the hank as follows : Presi- dent, V. \V. Hannahs; vice-])residents, Irving Smith and William Mal- scy I'eck; secretary and treasurer, E. S. Carr; executive committee, John 1". Conroy, Aaron Adams, Charles Colyer, \\'illiani llalsey Peck, Robert Crabb, 1\ W. Hannahs. an 11 IK U(>.S|..\ 1 1. 1. 1 recent statement, total $878,919. do, divided a^ tcillows: Cash on hand, $29,012.03; due from banks, $140,448.94; bonds and mortgages, $104,050.00; stocks and bonds, $40,()37.50 ; collateral loans, $45,964.00; bills purchased, $465,.p5.42; banking house. $50,000. liare in ihe ra])id gnuvtli ot this bank are: William j. r.anister. James I'., llanisler. I".^ per cent, on amounts in excess of $1,000.00. compounded every six months. Dividends are declared January ist and July 1st, and payable on and after the 20th of these months. Persons residing outside of Newark, who desire to open an account, find it an easy matter, as post office or express are sent by mail with all safety and pass books, in which the amount has been entered, are mailed by the bank to the depositors. All .s\ich transactions receive the personal at- tention of one of the officers of the bank. The State (Government has active sui)ervision over this institution. re(|uiring several sworn reports each year and sending e.xpert examiners to go over the books and securi- ties amnially. This bank must, by law, and in conform- ance with its own careful ]3olicy, always keep a safe amount of its de])osits in avail- able cash. The fact that the bank car- ries "insurance against daylight burglary, or hold ups and that the employes are heavily bond- ed, shows the thorough s])irit of watchfulness over every detail of ^^afety which pro- tects the savings deposited there. The judicious manag.'- ment which has always char- acterized this bank, has earned for it the reputation of be- ing conservative, which has been a source of gratification to all depositors. This bank has been exceeaymenls was $14,308,475, market. Year by year, since its organization, the .Mutual I'.enefit has shown a steady and decided increase, not onl\- in its new business, but in its assets. This comjiany i^ striclh mutual. It has no stockholders. Its charter is ])eriietu;il. Like the Prudential, it owns its own Imme and enii)ln\s in its lucil office a small arniv of workers. FIRE INSURANCE I.\ the matter of fire insurance. Newark is amjily [jro- tected, not only by out-of-town coni|)anies. but by dis- tinctly local corporations which have their home offices in the city. One of them is the hiremen's Insurance Company, whose towering office building, at the intersection of Market and Broad streets, is to be easily seen from afar, .\nother local fire insurance company is the .\inerican, which has a handsome home ».f its own, and a third is the Newark I'lrc Insurance Company, which recently erected a building for its own use. The fourth insurance corporation is the New Jersey Fire Insurance Comi)any, which was recently or- ganized. The combined ca])ital and net surplus of these four com- panies is close to $10,500,000. Their assets amount to $18,800,000, and their liabilities total $9,000,000. Last year ( 191 1 ) they received $6,500,000 in premiums and paid losses amounting to $3,500,000. Their total outstanding insur- ance (April 30, 191 1 ) amounted to $2,018,499,340. Like other enterjirises in Newark, the Fire Insurance companies have enjoyed a growth that has been steady and consistent, and particularly flattering to their management. In each instance the afifairs of the different local companies are being conducted and have always been managed by men who are not only well-known in and around Newark, but through the insurance world. Working along lines that are at once conservative and progressive, these local fire insurance companies have al- ways been jjrompt and often liberal in the iMymeiit of their losses and tlie result is t'.iat they enjoy a reputalinn not only for financial strength, hut for splendid busine-^ meth- ods. That fact is evidenced in their growth ; ii is. and al- ways has been, a growth th:it is founded 1 m inilihc confi- dence. It shows — as probably nothing else could show — the way in which these institutions are regarded by the premium-i)aying public and in this esteem the officers and directors of these comiianies take a justifiable jiride. That these large insurance concerns enjoy -m excellent re])utation not only among policyholders, hut in the ranks of shrewd investors is mafle imdeniably plain by the de- mand for their stocks. Inquiry for these securities is steady and consistent, and while speculation in llieni is always frowned upon, the stocks are usually in good demand at prices that are advancing regularly. These securities are held by investors in Newark and other places, and never, since the companies began disbursing dividends, has there been any doubt as to their payment. Wherever they are known these securities are regarded as gilt-edged invest- ments and when as recently happened, one of the older com- panies issued new stock, it was quickly over subscribed for. In co-operation with other insurance companies, these local institutions maintain a .Salvage Corps that is second in efficiency, discipline and general usefulness to none in the country. This corps is centrally located in a fine home of its own, and with an equipment that is thoroughly up-to- date in every particular, it has done, and is doing, note- worthy work in keeping down the fire losses in the city. ^3 A Xne Prudential Insurance Company T^RIEXD with whom tlie w ritcr was discussing life signed to meet the wants of every insurable man regardless insurance topics recently, remarked that the most inter- esting thing in life insurance to him was the phenomenal growth of The Prudential Insurance Company of America, since its organization only thirty-seven years ago. The writer secured some financial state- ments of The Pruden- tial and proceeded to enlighten h i m s e 1 f. Altliough he thought himself a fairly well in- formed man on this par- ticular subject, he dis- ci ivercil a number of things that made him sit up with surprise. The Prudential com- menceil liusiness back in 1S73. Its assets con- sisted of an idea, a few m e n w i t h unlimited faith in the idea and THE PRUDENTIAL HOME OFFICE BUILDINGS. of how large or sinall his income may be. Its industrial or weekly i«yment ])olicies are intended especially for wage workers. The premiums which are for small aiuounts, are payable weekly to agents of the Com- pany who call for them. These policies are issued to both sexes between ages one and sixty-five. The small premiums make it possible for ever\- healthy member of the family to be insured. The Prudential issues what it calls Intermedi- ate ])olicics. These are for $500 and $750, and are for folks who. although they do not want a large amount of insurance, prefer to pay their ])remiums at longer intervals than a week. Then there is the WdiDle Life. The Endowment about $95,cx)o in cash. To-day The Prudential has over 10,000,000 policies in Life and the Limited Payment force. It paid in 1911 to policyholders over $27,000,000. policy requires premium payments for a pre-arranged Since it began doing business it has paid policyholders over number of years only. .Vt the end of this period the $233,000,000. It is simply impossible to calculate the stu- pendous good that this enormous sum has done. It is a long record of homes saved, of families kept from possible poverty, of freedom from worry for thousands of wives and mothers ; of chances to make good starts in the world, of helpfulness in a thousand ways. The Company's assets total over $259,000,000. Its liabilities amount to. about $241,000,000. and the surplus includ- ing cajiital to more than $18,000,000. It is pertinent to inquire into the reasons for this great growth. They are easy to find : complete pro- tection of policyholders, just and liberal treatment and l)romptness in paying claims. These are not idle state- ments. Any one familiar with the history of The Prudential will verify them. The Company does not hesitate to state that its great growth and popularity are due to the fact that the public is familiar with the way The Prudential has treated policyholders. li! ailditiou. The Prudential offers a line of policies de- JOHN F. Drvden FOVNDEK OF THE PRUDENTIAL ISSUK.'iSCE CO. OF AMERICA; DECEASED amount of the polic_\- is jiayable in cash to the insured him- self. If he should cl ; David Kay, Jr., associate counsel ; Jay Ten Eyck, solicitor ; George A. Van Wagenen. M. D., Jose|)h C. Young, M. D., and William R. Ward. M. D.. medical board; Lewis A. Morningstern and Charles A. Woodruff, registrars; VV'illiam Winton, assistant superintendent of agencies ; William A. Drabble, comptroller ; Herman G. Hornfeck, assistant treasurer. J. Lawrence Boggs, su])ervisor of policy claims. The directors arc .Amzi Dodd, Marcus L. W'ard, Freder- ick M. .Sliepjjard, l-Vederick P'relinghuysen, Edward L. Dobbins, J. William Clark, John (). H. Pitney, John R. Har- din, Peter Campbell. William M. Johnson and Edward E. Rhodes. These gentlemen are widely known and honored and command the respect of all who know them. The Home Office building owned and occupied by the Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company is on Broad and Clinton streets, and is a commodious and imposing structure., showing the. architectural development in this section of the city in recent years. A ctit of the building appears above. 85 Fi, I iremen s Insurance company of N e^\^arl Ti ) the business acumen of a sagacious and far-seeing management is due the fact that on the northeast side of Xewark's historic ""Four Corners," — loftier in architectural prominence than most of its neighboring associates — stands the sixteen-story tire-proof office building of white marble and steel construction owned by the Firemen's Insurance Company of Newark. The second and third lloors are used bv the company, the floors above are rented for office purposes, while the ground floor is occupied as stores. There are three passenger elevators and one for carrying freight. The progress of the Firemen's for the past fourteen years shows a steady growth. .\ statement issued in 1898 shows that assets were $2,411.- 611; re-insurance reserve. $308,190. and net surplus $1,03; The com- dated r m'i UDll W|»ii||g F* ifi — -9 --- panx's last annual statement, [anuary ist. 1912. disclo.ses a record of substantial gains despite the un- restful financial conditions from 1907. With a capital of $1,000,000. the as- sets of the Firemen's has reached $^'.375^623. 55. Its re-insurance re- serve of $2,305,913.69 was shown to have been larger by approximately two million dollars within this per- iod, and the net suri:)lus beyond all liabilities of $2,808,079.70 was in- creased by $1,750,964.70. August 5, 1855. the hi.--toric period of the old \'olunteer b'ire Depart- muit, marks the exact time that the ITremen's Insurance Company of Newark was organized. It began operations on December 3 of the same year, with a capital stock of $50,000, divided into shares of $10.00 each. Those shares had eager takers among the volunteer firemen, who comprised a large number of the- leading citizens and business men of the city, and the student of munici- l)al history will find that the first board of directors, thirty in number, was made up of volunteer firemen by a large majority. Since that event- fid period the company's capita! has been increased as follows: In January, 1864, to $100,000: in 1870 to $200,000: in 1880 to $500,000: in 1885 to ?6{xi,- 000 and in 1898 to $1,000,000. In chronological order, the ])residential service of each incumjjent was as follows: Moses R. King, Decemlier 3. 1855 to September 29, 1856: Charles S. Macknet to July known and respected b\ all with whom they associate. FIKE.Mli.X S I.\.SUK.\.N'C1-: CO. S UUILUINC BKOAD ;\ND M/VRKET STREETS. 10, 1859; -Moses Digelow to 1862: S. R. Heath. January 20, 1862 to December 2, 1888: John H. Kase. January 14. 1889, to November 26. 1895 : Samuel W. Bond was the first secre- tarv. .\. H. Hassinger holds this position at present. Mr. Dunham was advanced to the highest ofifice in the gift of the com- pany shortly after the death of Mr. Kase, on November 26, 1895. Mr. Dunham is a native of New Jersey, having first seen the light of day at liasking Ridge; was educated in his home town, .\fter pursuing a business college course, a minor position in the Firemen's of .Newark, which he soon obtained, was de- stineital and surplus now stands at $1,359,881.30; total assets, $1, 876, 5(^3. 29 ; total liabilities except ca])ital, $516,- 711.99; with total insurance outstanding, $81,412,356.00. trimmed with a marble l)ase and ornamented side walls and ceiling, antl is exceptionalh- well lighted from windows in the rear, which take up nearly the entire southern wall, and from a large skylight. The officers of the company are : President Edgar J. Haynes ; \'ice-President, George F. Reeve ; Secretary, Thomas L. Farquhar ; Treasurer, Alexander i\I. Nichols, and Agency .Superintendent, James Grear Maconachy. The directors of the company are : George F. Reeve, Theodore Coe, Walter .S. Nichols, Joseph Ward, Jr., James S. Higbie, Harrison \'an Duyne, .\lfred I-". Skinner, Win- ton C. Garrison, J. 11. Pachcller, Joseph M. Riker, iManklin Conklin, Herbert P. Gleason, Merritt G. Perkins, Edgar J. Haynes and Joseph M. LSyrne. 88 NcAv Jersey Fire Insurance Company A.M().\(j the numerous tire insurance companies now carrying on business in this city and state none is more entitled to prominence and extended mention in this review of our financial, industrial and commercial interests, than the New Jersey Fire Insurance Co. The reason for this lies primarily in the fact that this institution is a local one, the stock being controlled by citizens of this section of the state, and secondly because this company is gener- ally recognized as one of the strongest and most ably man- aged companies of like character in New Jersey. It has had a most interesting career since its incorpora- tion and its business has been marked by solid and sub- stantial advancement, showing that it has the confidence of the insuring public. Hut few fire insurance com])anies have ever been launched under more favorable conditions and auspices than the -New Jersey I'ire Insurance Co. Its ])res- ent capital is $600,000 and it pos.sesses a suriilus above cap- ital of about $400,000 and both capital and surplus are being increased by subscription, so that by September i. 1912, the ca[)ital and sur])his will aggregate $2,000,000. Never has a fire insurance company been started with a more formidable list of stockholders. The f>crsoiiiicl of the stockholders in its entirety is une(|ualled by any corporation in Xew Jersey. It includes the ])resident and officials of seventy banking institutions, nine judges and some of the most sagacious Inisiness men in the .State. Since the issuing of the first statement there has been paid in additional cash ca]>ital amounting to $200,000 and the present assets are $1,197,914.67. The entire capital of $i,ooo,oof) and proportionate surplus have been subscribed and will be paid in during the current year. The total losses l)aid u]) to .\])ril 15, 1912, were $'K),ofK3.oo. and the total insurance outstanding was $34,813,000.00. The gross jire- niiums the first year were over $350,00(1. .\11 bond invest- ments are in Xew Jersey tax exemjit securities. That the company's affairs are under the control and direction of able and conservative business men. is proven by these figures and its success bespeaks its solidity. The officers are President William G. W'hilden, X'ice-Presidents Charles L. Auger, Clarence ilodson, and RudoI])h F. Rabe. .Secre- tary George E. Lyon, Treasurer E. C. Bataille, and Coun- sel Wm. R. Codington. The Board of Directors consists of Charles L. .\uger. 1 'resident of Xaticjnal Silk Dyeing Co., Paterson, X. }., W'illiamsport and .Vllentown, Pa. ; E. C. Pjataille, President .Atnerican Xational Bank, Xewark : W'm. R. Codington of Plainfield, County Attorney for Union Co. ; William L. Douglas of Xew York. X'ice-President Carfield National Bank ; W. E. Emery of Xew York, President Emery. ISird & Thayer Dry Goods Co., Kansas City : Walter A. Flint of West Orange, of M. E. & W. A. Flint, mer- chants ; A. A. Franck of Jersey City, President Hudson City Savings Bank ; Edwin B. Goodell of Montclair, Presi- dent Essex Title Guarantee and Trust Co.^ Montclair; A. F. Hancock of Xew York, of Whilden & Hancock, insur- ance ; Albert E. Hartcom of Atlantic Highlands, of Miller and Hartcorn, lawyers. New York ; Thomas J. Hillery of Boonton, President American Trust Co., Morris- town; Clarence Ilodson of Xewark, of Clarence Hod- son & Co., bankers and brokers; Reuben C. Hunt of Bridgeton, President Farmers" and Merchants' Xational Bank; George W. Jagle of Xewark, Presitlent J. J. Hock- enjos Co., paints; Lewis G. Lockward, of Caldwell. Presi- dent Lane and Lockwood Co., tobacco and cigar mfrs. ; Rudolph F. Rabe of Hoboken, President Second Xational Bank, Hoboken; David St. John, M. 1).. of Hackensack, President Bergen County Gas Co. ; Edmund luigene Sar- geant of Newark, Treasurer Sargeant Mfg. Co.; Jacob L. Stumpf of Harrison, manufacturer; Joseph Thompson of .\tlantic Citv. President South Jersey Title and I'inance Co.; William (i. Whilden of Xew \nvk. President Xew Jersey I'ire Insurance Co., 95 William street, and l-'rank Jennings, Director J;iniesi)urg X. J. .National ISank. President William (i. Whilden. a Stnitherner. has i)ern identified with insurance in some manner e\er >inee he started his business career. Before he was twenty-five he had established a record for production of business which brought him an appointment as assistant secretary for the Continental I'ire Insurance Co. lie came to Xewark in iS()4 as assistant general agent of the .Merchants I'^ire In- ■-urance Co. 1 le has been connected with the Globe-Rutgers and with the l-'idelity of llaltimnre, with the rru->sian Xa- tional and in 1(>04 became secretary and m.inaging under- writer for the Eagle I'ire, with offices in Xew \'ork t'ity. In |i»oO he resigned to org;inize the lirm cil" Whilden lill a mhuil;- man being l)ut forty-three vears of age. and possesses the faculty of ])erforniing wisely a nuiltitude of widely different duties. He is genial and approachable at all times and li;is the respect of the entire business world. George E. Lyon. Secretary of the Xew Jersey I'ire, is a native Xewarker and during the lime he has held this office he has gained the esteem of all with whom his official duties brought him in contact. Previous to his election as Secre- tary of the .Xew Jersey I'ire. .Mr. Lyon was special agent in this state for the Philadelphia L'nderwriters and made an excellent record. Mr. Auger, Colonel llodsnn and Senator Rabe, Yice- Presidents of the Company, are men of affairs whose busi- ness acumen has been shown to great advantage in the organization and early business career of this company. Treasurer Bataille, who is identified with various corjio- rate institutions, such as the .American National Bank and the Roseville Trust Co. of this city, is a man of finance, and has proved himself well (|ualified for his task as super- visor of the finances of the Xew Jersey h'ire. Judge Codington, the legal adviser of the com])any, is an ex-judge of Plainfield, N. J. City Court, and director of the First National liank of Plainfield. In the very near future the X'^ew Jersey Fire Insurance Co. expects to erect for its use a large and modern office building at 38-40 Clinton street, Newark, which site it pm'- chased some months ago. 89 K^^- REA TAT£ Nl'^W .\KK iiL'xcr haviiii^ had a real estate "boom"' has never suttereil from the usual re sultant skimp. Its real estate values have never been intlated. They are real values. Time and progress have made them what they are, and, with no speculative bubbles to be pricked by the irresistible needle of adversity, the only change in these values that is likely to occur is one that will raise them to a higher level. That has been their course for one hundred years or more. .\s the city has grown in size and importance real estate values have increased. This advance in prices has been con- sistent, steady, and healthy. In no part of the city has it been forced or spasmodic. Where the values have gone up — and there is no part of the city in which that is not the case — the advance has been due, almost entirely, to the law of supply and demand. Here and there the unforeseen necessities of business has created a sudden demand for property and prices have jumped, l)ut in most cases the advances have been made, little b\- little, but steailil}' and with the certainty i.if the gmwth of the oak. Up to a quarter of a century ago the advance in Newark real estate values was steady but slow. In tiie last twenty- five years, however, the increase has been rapid and sure. .\s may be easily understood, the most pronounced increases have been made in the centre, or business, section of the city, but in the more select and exclusive residential places substantial advances have been chronicled. About i8(;o the Prudential Insurance Com]wny of Amer- ica, which by the way is one of the largest insurance com- panies in the country, decided to erect a building for its home office. .After considering a number of sites, the company finally selected one at Broad and I'ank streets, one block north of the intersection of the two inincipal streets of the city, and there erected the first of its magnificent structures. The location of the company's building at this point was one of the most imjxirtant elements in fixing the commer- cial centre of the city. Jt was also, to all intents and pur- |)oses, the beginning of an era of real estate development wliich has since gone steadily onward. With this development the architectural and structural aspect of the city has undergone, and is undergoing, a decided change. Through the purchase of the first Pruden- tial site the standard of real estate values in the heart of the city was fixed. And its imposing type of business buildings has since served as a guide for structural work. In a few- years other concerns and individuals as well as real estate investors bought land in and near the centre of the city, for speculative and other purposes. Prices rapidly ad- vanced. Buildings went higher and hi"lier in altitude. ( )ne by one the low, old-fashi(.ine(l structures have been replaced by sky-scraping office buildings and as each of these served to improve the property around them the price of real estate went up. It is agreed, however, that these increases have been normal and natural and it is con- ceded on all sides that they represent true value. That is so indicated by the fact that wdien property is wanted there is very little haggling over the price. It is generally recognized that the increasing demands and the growth of business in the city form a substantial basis for values and in recent years large real estate deals atprices that represent an advance of forty to fifty per cent, over the figures of a decade ago having become the rule rather than the exception, they now receive only casual mention in the newspapers. In the last few years these deals have been quickly fol- lowed by the erection of handsome, up-to-date business build- ings of varying sizes and diflferent styles. These structures include the group of buildings erected by the Prudential In- surance Company, Hahne & Company's department store with three acres of floor space, the home office of the .\merican Insurance Company, the imposing building of the -Mutual Benefit Life Insurance Company, the sky-scraping building of the Firemen's Insurance Company and the Na- tional State Bank, the Shubert and Empire Theatres, the Newark Fire Insurance Company's home, the lofty Essex I'luilding and the high I'nion lUiilding, the ( )rdway Build- ing, the magnificent new home of the Essex County National Bank, the Telephcme P.nilding, the Free Public Library, the Lhy llall and the Count)' Coml House, and the $2,000,000 department store that is being liuilt liy L. Bamberger & Com]^an^•. In the near future the Kinney estate. L. S. Plant iJt Co., and the I'nion National Bank are to erect mo'-tvvo acres of land, including water grants, cm the Passaic River, at the Plank Road, in the Township of Kearny, Hudson County, New Jersey, as shown on the accompanying map. The ])roperty is known as the "Tonikins Terminal." It is centrally located between jersey City and Newark. It is reacheij l)\' the I'lank Ruad trolley for a five cent fare either from .Xewark or Jersey City. The McAdoo Tunnel line between New \'ork and Newark contem|)lates a station The Plank Road, which is the main liighway between Newark and Jersey City, constitutes the southern boundary and affords easy trucking grades to New York, Newark, Jersey City, I'.a^'onne, lloboken. the ( )ranges, Paterson, Passaic, Elizabeth, etc. Nowhere else in the meadows district can raw materials and finished products be received, stored, manufactured and shipped as cheaply anfl conveniently as at the Tonikins Terminal. This is a very attractive feature. TOMKINS TERMINAL, I'L.WK RO.\l), AT I'ASSAIC RUI'.R. in the vicinity of the property, which will make it directly accessible from New York. I'rivate sidings connect the I'enn.sylvania Railroad with factory sites on the terminal; later on it is expected that all the New Jersev ternn'nals will be connected by a general belt line. The Passaic River, with its recently improved channel The property has been filled, graded, and a permanent stone-filled bulkhead dock built about 600 feet long. A modern factorv l)uilding has also been erected for a tenant. Several additional plcjts have been leased to other tenants, and still other lands not needed for the Company's plaster mill will be rented on attractive terms in plots for manu- of twenty feet draft at high water, Ijounds the property on facture or storage. I^eases to include freight shijjping facili- the west for a distance of about 1,355 ^eeC ties via rail, water or highway. 94 A S the centre of the Icatlier industry, Newark' is known far and wide. Jn jjatent leather ^W SK making it leads the world, and probably nowhere else in the universe does the output of other .tirades of leather or the quality of them exceed the record here. It is the largest leather manufacturing cit\ in the United States, and as such, it does a business with foreitjn coim- tries of over a million dollars yearly. Of the eighty-five leather ])lants in Xew Jersey, sixty-one, or about seventy-two per cent, are located in Xewark, and here sixty-six per cent, of the leather product of the entire State is turned out. In these local establishments there are nearly 5,000 employees, who receive each year about $2,800,- 000 in wages. The capital invested in these plants amounts to nearly $13,000,000 and the annual cost of the material used is estimated at $12,500,000. The total value of the |)roducts last year was $19,310,000. "Anything and everything in leather" describes in a phrase the kind of work that is done at these jilants. Some of the Xewark factories simply tan leather for the trade here and elsewhere. Other plants turn out patent, enamel and other kinds of leather for shoes, automobiles, carriages and fur- niture, fancy leather for novelties, handbags, trunks, grfp.s, Ijelts, pocketbooks, sweatbands, bookbinding, belting, shoe- uppers and soles, suit-cases and in tact leather for every conceivable purpose in which the product may be utilized. The ]jatent enamel leathers take the lead, being used in shoes, |)ocketbooks, hats, belts and many other useful as well as ornamental articles. Xewark manufacturers make specialties of such leathers as kangaroo, kid, alligator, horse- hide. Imitation grains and fancy and rough leathers are also important factors that help to place Xewark in the lead in this branch of the great industry. Makers of carriages and automobiles in hrance, ( ier- many. England, Italy and many other countries, find it to their advantage to purcha.se leathers in this city from manu- facturers who are considered by the trade in general as dependable in supplying this demand. Therefore, the •American purchaser of a foreign made vehicle is likely to bring back to this country a machine made up with leather previously exported from this city, .\utomobile leather is made here in all colors and frequently local concerns execute orders for individuals who want certain shades to be matched. .Man\' different kinds of leather are made here to supply the shoe and glove industry. \'ast Cjuantities of glazed kid and other leathers in a variety of colors are shi])i)ed to manu- facturers in this and other countries to be made up into shapely boots, shoes and gloves to help the feminine sex keep uj) with the styles. While nnich of the leather goes to foreign countries, our own shoe fac- tories turn out a superior (|uality of shoes, many of which are exported yearly to South .\merica, Mexico, l-'rance, (iermany, British Isles, South .Africa, .Australia and points along the northern and southern shores of the Mediterran- ean. That Xewark succeeded in gaining a firm footlwld in these countries is an undisputed fact. Xewark firms selling shoes in Paris, have overcome manv difficulties and find it easier to deal with the I'^rench- man. than they dit suit the l'"rench purchaser. It was necessary for oiu" manufacturers to change their lasts and conform to the shapes made in hrance and desired by the I'Venchman. .Xo city in the world has a more varied list of foreign markets upon its export books than the city of Xewark. This export business is difficult to keep in touch with, as the styles and fashion in foreign cotuitries differ with the customs of the inhabitants, and the manufacturers must ever he on the alert to su])])ly llie demands. This is always the case with those manufacturers who su])])!y for export, imitation grain leather, imitation of alligator or lizard, to be made up into ])acket books, etc. Wherever Xewark leather, in any form, is usecl it is ad- mitted that it e(|uals, if it does not actually surpass, the (|ua!- ity,the price and the workmanship of the ])roduct frimi plants in other places. That fact is strikingly illustrated liy the de- matid that is made by new plants in other cities for Xewark leather-workers. It is, in a way. the training school of the world for men engaged in this industry and upon it there is an almf)st constant demand t'or ex])erts and workers who know their Inisines-. That lliis di'Uiand li.'is never seriously crippled .Xewark's leather industry is due in the first |)lace to the high wages that are paid here in comparison to those otTered in other cities, and in the second place to the fact that with so many skilled employees the withdrawal of the comparatively few wlio elect to leave the city in no way endangers the remaining working force. While the city, for many years, has what amounted to a monopoly of the leather business, it is now forced to meet outside o])])osition and competition, but in s|)ite of that fact, the sujieriority of its output is such that its proud position as the leading leather-making city is in no way im])eriled. That it will long remain the leading patent and enamel, leather jiroducing city of the world is the firm belief of the men whose brains and capital are in the business, and that tlie\' are making no mistake in that respect is evidenced not only by their orders, but by the commendation of their ever- increasing number of customers. 95 T. P. Howell ^ Company IN 1X40. in two Miiall ruonis and willi the assistance of tlu-ee cniplovees, Theodore P. Howell laid the foundation of this husiness, startint,^ with the small ontpnt of forty ;.i- and over 80,000 hides are tanned and finished yearly. The theory of T. P. Howell, that the hest was none too good has heen rigidly adherred to during the growth of the company's husiness and to-day the "Linn llrand" patent and enameled leather manufactured for the auto, carriage, harness, furnishing and general trade, cannot be surpassed and is known not only in the United States, but throughout the entire civilized world, tile company having develo]:)ed during the past forty years an e.<])ort trade that takes nearly thirty-five jjcr cent, of the product and is shipjied to all quarters of the globe. A glance at the accompanying illustration will give an idea of the stupendous growth of the concern since its inception. In the i)ioneer days of leather tan- ning and manufacturing in New- ark few people looked forward to S(3 great an advancement as hides ]3er week. Through the energy of its eminent founder has been made by the leather manufacturers' of this city, the business has grown, until to-day \t is the largest plant which to-day ranks among the city's leading industries, in the patent and enameled leather industry in the world. The present officers of the company are: Jas. Smith, Jr., The plant covers six acres consisting of twenty-four president; J. Henry Smith, vice-president, and William G. buildings situated on Xew, Wilsey and Nuttman streets. Ressland, secretary and treasurer; all of whom are widely Employment is given to upwards of 350 skilled workmen known in the commercial and financial circles of the East. •.V.-, ■. (r-^r, r.'yl, . . . .7^; i LUI t^ i ' •r '-^— '!'-Jn.S 2''- T. P. HOWKLL S: CO., NEW .\ND NITTTM.\N STREETS. J. H. Halsey &* Smith, Ltd. IN alluding to the large factories now and for a number of years past in active and successful operation in this city, a few observations may wisely be directed to one that is peculiarly representative of Newark enterprise, that is the concern of J. H. Halsey & Smith, Ltd. Many and varied have been the changes in the local world of business since the inception of this enterprise, now more than three cjuarters of a century ago. Newark was then a thriving little town, few even of the most opto- mistic business men dreamed that the city would reach its present magnitude of 365,000 population. .\t that time there was but litt'e being done in Newark in the leather business, which line of industry is at the present one of the most important and one for which the city has gained a nation-wide reputation. It was in 1836 that the firm of J. IL Ilalsey & Smith. Limited, was started, anply the large demand for their products, maintains plants throughout this section. The main jilant, with a capacity of i.ooo to T.200 colt liCLU'SE TANNING CO., SUSSEX AVENUE. skins per day, consists of twenty-four buildings from two to seven stories each, in the heart of the manufacturing centre of Newark, while just outside the city limits, in Eliza- beth, the C()ini)any operates a Jaiianiiing plant covering 12 acres with a capacity of 800 skins per day, and in Ruther- ford. X. ].. it o])cratcs a large degreasing plant nccupying about two acres. From 5(X) to 750 jjeo- ple are employed regularly by the firm. The Eclipse Tanning Co. is manu- facturer of not only Fclipse Colt, but various other shoe Icalliers. mcluding (.'hrome-lanncd i}aU'nt side leather, patent, colored, i)riglil and mat finished calf skins. Branch offices are located in London, Boston, New \'ork, Roches- ter, Cincinnati, St. Louis and New Or- leans. The officers of the comjjany are, Franklin I!. Kirkbride, ])resident ; James S. Fearon, vice-jjresident ; George R. Atkins, secretary and treasurer ; I. n. Wade, comptroller. The two former gentlemen reside in New York, while the two latter are prominent and well- known citizens of this city. To meet the demands for a growing ^ business, plans are being prepared for a larger and more modern plant to be --i^n started. The accompanying cuts give only a g^ fair idea of the vastness of this plant as there are drying yards and other buildings in the rear that do not show. illlllllll " (llllllii: 97 John Nieder c OXSPICUOUS among the successful manufacturing plants which are conducted along modern lines and doing comnicndalile work, is lliat of John Xieder. This is one of the concerns that has come up from small beginnings, and gained success and promise in spite of early discouragements. John Xieder started the husiness in 1886, on Nichols street, with very limited capital in a small space quite in contrast to his present imposing plant at the inter- section of Emmet street, Avenue C and W'riglit street. The work engaged in is the manufacture of bookbinders' and pocketbook leather, the specialties being genuine seal and walrus. He makes all kinds of fancv leather, and the products of this factory are well received by the general trade. The two principal buildings of the plant are of mod- ern construction, one 200 by 100 feet, three stories high, and the other 100 by 42 and three and a half stories high, both well equipped with modern machinerv and labor-saving de- vices. There are on the paymll the names of one hundred employes. The ofhce is connected with l which is conducted under the title 1.. M. .^mith & Sons, was founded in 1869 by the late L. .M. .'~^mith. who died in 1907. lie was one of the oldest and best known tanners in Xewark. and stood high in civic and business circles throughout this conmninity. The present jiroprietors of the enterprise are his sons, L. M. Smith and Charles .\. Smith, who are gentlemen of broad exi)erience in the line in which they are engaged, and their business methods insure a steady maintenance of the present high standard of service, and the same acconnno- dating and courteous system that has maile the firm so popular thrcnighout this section. The business is located at 59 to 71 Lock street, and 234- 236 Central avenue, where an acre of land is utilized, and eleven buildings arc in use. The business carried on is that of manufacturing ami selling carriage and fnrnilnre leathers of various kinds, these goods being disposed of to the general trade, supplying a large demand from manufacturers of fancy leather goods throughout the coimtrv. l'atr(.)ns of this house have learned to their satisfaction tliat both (|ual- ity and <|uantity are forthcoming with every order placed there, and most careful attention is accorded the wishes of both small and large buyers on all orders received. The extent of the business is such as to make the services of sixty or ni(ire employees necessary, and at least this number of names is most always ftnind upon the pay roll. The accomiianying cut gives a representation of the company's plant, and visitors always find this a busy and thriving industry. 103 OTTO H. OPPENHEIMER CO., FRELINGHUYSEN AVENUE. Otto rl. Oppenneimer Co. WUivTHY of note among the varied industries of Newark is that of the Otto H. Oppenheimer Co. It has always been located in this city. Its start was at 60 First street. Mr. (Jppenheimer being the founder. In 1904 the premises at 382 to 388 Frelinghuysen avenue, at the corner of Oueen street, were built by the company. An incorporated company was formed in June. 1894. and the capital invested is now over $100,000. Two buildings are used, one 87 .x 290 feet in dimensions, the other 25 x 100, and these afford a floor space of to.ooo square feet. The compan_\- is engaged in the manufacture and sale of colored skivers and sheep skins for use by bag and pocket book manufacturers, also book binders and belt manufactur- ers. The factory is well equipped for the work, and in its various departments the business furnishes employment to sixty persons. The company maintains a branch in Chicago at 325 West Lake street, trading under the name of B. J. Schnur & Co. The officers of the company are: President. Otto H. Oppenheimer; vice-president, \\'m. Eckert : treasurer, Eugene Ca\reneget ; secretary, Theo. Rochow, gentlemen of influence and financial standing. Lj. rl. McCormick (^ Sons AAIAXUFACTL'RIXG concern which has done its full share in building u[) Newark's reputation is that of E. H. iNIcCormick & Sons, which was founded in 1889. and has been in continuous existence since. The business was established by E. H. McCormick .who "is still the head of the enterprise, and the president of the company. He is highly regarded in buth Imsiness and social circles and is a gentleman of broad experience. His sons, John T., Joseph H. and Edward H., are vice-president, secretarv and treas- urer, respectively of the company. The capital stock is $100,000 and the papers of incorporation were filed in 1903. From the original location, two or three changes were made before the business was moved into its own plant, planned and erected especially for the company. It is at the corner of Avenue C. and \'anderpool street, where four acres of ground are owned, and six buildings, mostly three stories in height, are occupied. The company manufactures patent and enameled leathers, these being of superior qualitv, and are shipped to various cities throughout the United States and to European markets. There are one hundred and sixty persons employed in the various departments of the business. E. H, Mccormick & so.xs, .we. c .\xd vaxderpool street. 104 Radel Leatker M%. Company 1: ■[: "^ « m « Tlir-", prusperoiij ami fast grow- ing enterprise known as the Radel Leather Manufacturing Co., is an outgrowth of the Radel & Mentz Leather Co., which was es- tablished in 1904 and taken over by the ])resent company in Kjoj. The capital stock of the present company is $250,000. The officers of the company, and the men whose executive ability and financial resources have brought the com- pany to its present splendid condi- tion are : President, Frank J Radel ; vice-president, Owen E. Fox : treasurer. John J. Radel, and secretary, Jos. !■'. Meyers. One of the company's stockhold- ers whose aid has been of great importance is Mr. Conrad H. KoellhofFer, well known in Newark busine>- and social circles. The location of the company's plant is on Hamburg place road, where there are ten buildings in use, and a four story concrete building now under construction. The company's main office is located at the plant, with a branch office in Chicago, 111., where orders from its numerous customers in the West are received, and through its efforts are due the extension of the business in that section of tlie countrv'. The company's products arc principally automobile, carriage and furniture upholstering leather, which they are shipping to almost every State in the Union, as well as su])pl\ing large demands from many European countries. When the ])lant is running to its capacity, the company's employes number about one hundred. ''"lit. F. A. SCH.^EFFEK, UEKIiEN STREET. R.\DEL LE.\THER .M.\NUF.\C'TfRI XC. CO., IlAMlilKi; Tl.. UO.\D. F. A. Sckaeffer M.VNY sister cities look with envious eyes at Newark and marvel at her rapid and substantial growth. There is no doubt that while this city has many natural advantages which cause her to grow, one important elenient in this success is the progressive and hospitable spirit of the city's manufacturers and merchants. One of the prosperous and well known manufacturers is Frank .\dani Scliaefifer, whose plant occupies the ])remi- ses at 55, 57, 59, 61, 63 and 65 Bergen street. This enter- prise has been established some years, and the books show a commendable gain in the volume of business transacted. Mr. Scliacffer is a manufacturer of leather — dull dongola, shoe, alligator and morocco leather being the specialties. Buffings, bookbinders' bag and pocketbook leather, also raw hides for trunks, artificial limbs and mechanical pur- poses, are all in his line, and these various products, for which there is a remarkable demand, are distributed over a wide territory. There are five floors in the liuilding utilized in the business, affording a total of 25,000 square feet, and the plant is well equipped for turning out tirst-class products at as low cost as is consistent with proper compensation of employees. There are some high- ly skilled workmen among those em- |)loyed, and the full list of those persons engaged in various ca])acities here, shows the names of nearly one hundred. The establishment is well rated, the name of the house being synony- mous with first class leather, fair dealing, prompt settlement of accounts and other evidences of a well con- ducted business. 105 J. II. LADEW CO., PL,\NK RO.\D. The J. rl. Laaew Co. IN .some respects the J. H. Ladew Co.. whose plant is lo- cated on the Plank Road at the Passaic River, stands quite alone, it being the only one in Newark engaged in the manufacture of heavy leather. The>e products are belting butts, finisheoard of Trade and influential citizens. The firm manufactures leather, its lines being known as rough and half tanned, pickled splits, also russet grains, buffings and splits, and it enjoys unlimited facilities for ship- ping foreign and domestic orders. The firm uses the cable address "Lichtman," Newark. The European office of the concern is at <) Rueiles Messageries, Paris, France. r 1 !lllll!ll(i(!(1|III[fl[(If r r 1 1 mmiiuiii^rrrrFr[[ imj/frffrTrrrrFffPil^-ll J. LICHTMAN & SON, FKELIXGIiUVSEN AVENUE. 106 ICaufkerr ^ Sieg'el T HERE are many important and 1 cial activity in Newark, and its pro- dncts are shipped all over this and to many foreign conntries. One of the successful and steadily growing industries is that conducted by the firm of Kaufhcrr & Siegel, located at 200, 202 and 204 Magazine street. They instituted this business enteri)rise in 190S, and there has been no change in proprietorship. The gentlemen composing this partnership are I. I. Kaufherr anil 11. Siegel, resi- dents of .\ewark. property owners and members of various local organi- zations. They are estimable gentlemen and public spirited citizens. Their mainifacturing ])lant on Maga- zine street is housed in four buildings, and one-half acre of ground is utilized. They have 40.000 .square feet of floor s])ace, well equippetl and arranged witii due consideration as to best results with least friction among emiiloyees. The ])roducts manufactured arc calf. goat, and sheep skins, skivers and buffings, and these are turned out in a well finished condition and sold to the general trade. Itag. pocketbook. belt and hat leathers are among the gonds made, and so necessary a line of ]>ro(lucts is sure to find a ready market. The acct)mpanying cut gives a clear and accurate idea of the company's plant, but only a visit would give a definite idea of its busy and i)rosperous condition. Si.xty persons are given employment regularly, all of whom are men. K.\ui"iii£KK \- sii;(;i;l. 200 m 204 .m.ncazink stki:i:t. o JOHN V. DIEFE.NTH.XLEK, .XUWHOKTEK. H.X.MILTO.N .\.\D BKUEX STREETS Jonn V. Diefentnaler \ !•". lit tile prosperous business men nf .Xewark, whu ia> gained his present enviable positiim through good judgment and honest business methods, is Jolni Diefcn- thaler, of llamiltun, Unien and .McWliorler slreels. lie is a man in the prime of life. and. after considerable experi- ence in handling leather, decided, finir years ago, to start in business as a leather manufacturer. lie has had no occasion to regret this step, and though he has had comi)eti- tion on all sides to meet, he has conducted the enterprise in such a manner as to win success, and tiial willi fair treatment to every one with wlK)ni he has had 'lealings. The buildings on 1 lamilton street cover about one-half a city block, fmn- ot' the l)uiidings being two stories iiigh, one three stories, and three one story, making ciglit buildings in all— loialiiig a com- bined floor space of large ca])acity. There are about fifty persons em- ployed in various capacities in and about the works, and they are a desir- al)!e class of workmen. The buildings are well arranged, ami e(|ni]i])eil, ;niil a large sti>ck of leather is always found on hand. The sjiecial lines given attention to are leather for automobiles, carriages and furniture, and some beantifnlly finished ])ieces come from this shop. These ])roducts are marketed in many cities in widely se])arated sections of the I'nited States and while quite a large proportion of the output is ex- ported to Canada, more finds its way over the ocean to the llntish Isles and various cities on the Continent. 107 N ewar kCk amois L^ompany NOTHINC; leads to a greater degree of surprise and wonder to the investigator than the extent and variety of the industries carried on in this great manufacturing centre. L'haniois making, which is a branch of the leather in- dustry, occupying a most important place in the aggregation with other things, is a jjroduct of the present-day Newark, and mention should be made of the Newark Chamois Co., an incorporated concern capitalized at $75,000, doing this kind of work exclusively. This enterprise is located at the junction of New Jersey Railroad avenue and Johnson street, where a group of good appearing buildings, compose the plant. The.se buildings, four in number, provide an aggre- gate of 30,000 square feet of floor space, where the com- pany manufactures white and yellow chamois skins for the glove, shoe and drug trades, and also produce consider- able quantities of moellon, an oil which is a by-product (if the business. The luain building is used for tan- ning and drying the skins and also contains the gen- eral offices of the company. Of the smaller buildings one is used for finishing and cutting, another l.niild- ing is used as glove fininshing department, and the last one is the store room. The plant is always a scene of activity and from one hundred to one hundred and twenty-five per- sons are regularl}- employed in the various departments. An idea of the volume of business handled annually may be gained from the fact that as many as 50,000 dozens chamois skins are annually manufactured, and distributed through the wholesale trade. The Newark Chamois Co. was in- corporated Oct. 27, 1910, under the laws of the State of New Jersey. The officers of the company are : I'resident, John 1"". Kaiser: treasure, William M. Eberz, Jr.; secretary, Jos- eph E. Cush ; manager, l-'rank Chapat, all of whom are Newark gentlemen, favorably known in the local business circles. Early iTistory of Leather TllLS industry dates back to the earliest days of the settlement of the pioneer bands from Connecticut. The first tanner to operate in Newark was .\zariah Crane, who, in i(«>S, received a grant of land on which to establish has tanyard. and the trade in leather and shoes was thus early established on a firm foundation, and ere long it be- came a staple industry of the town. More than a score of years prior to this, however, according to a general order enacted by the general assembly, a "Sealer of Leather" was appointed for Newark, thus indicating that the industry had already attracted attention here, although the town records contain no mention of a tannery antedating that of Crane's. In just what quantities leather was manufactured and handled in Newark in its early stages, statistics fail to show, since the United States Census Report of 1810 was the first to present facts and figures. In that vear the value of the finished product approximated half a million dollars. In the succeeding twenty years these figures were largely increased, those for' the year 1836 aggregating $900,000. By the year i860 the number of tanneries operated in Newark totalled thirty; employed i,o64men; were capital- ized at $1,025,300, while the finished product was valued at $3,000,000. From then on the industry has made rapid strides. The Newark factories turn out thirty or more varieties and classifications of patent and enamelled leather for carriage, automobile, shoe, harness and other purposes. Other leathers made here are tanned from steer, horse, calf and sheep hides, as well as from the skins of the alliga- tor, seal, lizard, snake, rabbit, goat and other animals and leptiles; in fancy colors and for all varieties of uses, such as book-binding, upholstery, etc. Kindred trades have sprung up and flourished, in which novelties of infinite varieties are made in connection with the leather industry. Mltlllflli XEW.VKK CH.VMOIS CO., NEW J EK.SEV K.\1LK0.\U .WENUE. 108 LiRY TAKIXG official figures as a basis for the state- iiK-iit, it may be safely asserted that the jewelry business in Newark occupies a uiiit|ue place. It is in a class by itself among the city's many great industries. As a manufacturer of gold jewelry Newark stands not only in prominence, but at the head of the industry in the United States. In high-grade jewelry designs it is also the leader. At the present time 114 establishments in Newark are engaged in the jewelry industry. Their average number of employees is nearly 4.000 and to them more than $2,500,- 000 is paid in wages each year. The total amount of capital invested in these plants is close to $10,000,000. and the cost of the material used is over $6,000,000 a year. The annual output of products has averaged for some years $12,000,000. It has been definitely determined that of all the solid gold jewelry — ten to fourteen karat grades — which is made in the United States, fully seven-eighths is manufactured in this city. In Newark is also made fifty ])er cent, of the more costly jewelry, ranging in grade from eighteen to twenty- four karats. Newark designers in high grade jewelry are world leaders. That has been the fact for nearly seventy- five years, and that it will continue to be so no one who is familiar with the situation doubts. In their designing dc|3artments, the Newark establish- ments employ experts and spare neither expense nor trouble to turn out attractive, uni(|ue and lasting gold goods for the ornamentation of men. women and chiMren. For many years some of the largest houses in the world, which have reputations for exclusive and beautiful designs, the finest workmanshij) and the handling of the best jewelry and sil- verware thai could be produced, have had their work de- signed and made in Newark factories. This is especially true in si)ecial orders from Americans and luiropeans who give no thought to cost so long as something exclusive in quality antuds for evening dress. While these mother-of-])earl dress sets for gentlemen are much in vogue now and finding a very ready sale, this new Bodkin at- tachment has given a very material impetus to the popular- ity of this line. The very newest of its creation is the making of the bean '-,' ^v^:^iB^-^jP* ^*^ ^vss-Mal^^!' H"/->.- KREMENTZ &• CO., CHESTNUT STREET. Co., located at 49 Chestnut street, with branch offices at 286 Fifth avenue. New York City and 722 Shreve Building. San Francisco, Cal, was established in 1868 by George Krementz and Julius A. Lebkuecher, which partnership has continued to the present date and has developed into one of the largest and best known firms engaged in the manu- facturing of fine 14 karat gold and platinum jewelry, the line being probably the most extensive and complete one of fine jewelry made under one roof. To give an idea of the magnitude of the Krementz ])ro- ductions, their wares consist of about forty different lines of jewelry, of which the following are the most important : Ladies' jewelry — IJrooch pins, veil pins, necklaces, la- valliers. bar and lianf workmanshij). and high class design. Many of the em- CH.XRLES KET.r.ER .K- CO.. M UI.ISERRY STREET. requirements, and the C()m])any own and occupy all of this modern structure It is an ornament to the business section of the city and one of the best equipped industrial institu- tions of its kind in this section. Some idea of the growth of the business may be gained from the fact that while in 1893. em])loyment was given to seventy-five persons, the pay roll now contains the names of three hundred persons. This fact alone is sufficient evi- dence that the concern understands the proper handling of gold and its manufacture into products of pleasing design. In 1907 an incorporated company was formed, and a still wider field of business activity' opened before the company. The present corps of officers is such as to command uni- versal esteem and respect, and to hold the confidence of a ployes are persons of the highest mechanical skill, and know exactly all the requisites of a piece of jewelry par excellence, and the most careful supervision is maintained over every detail of manufacture, which exjjlains in part, the high reputation for superior quality of goods this house enjoys. The jewelry is distributed through wholesalers and jobbers. This, in brief, has been the history of this house which deservedly commends itself to the favor and confidence of the trade. Frederick .\. Schuetz and Herman C. Schuetz, who reside in Newark, are of the city's alert and progressive men of affairs, members of the Board of Trade and other import- ant organizations, and stand ever ready to assist in ])romot- ing any worthy cause for the arlvancement of Newark. "3 JBippart, CjriscorQ Ck^ OsDorn AMONG the hnsiness cuiicerns which have given New- ark prominence and helped her to win lier proud reputation as a producing center, is the firm of liippart, Griscom & Osborn, widely and favorably known to the jewelry trade of this country. Tile inception of this enterprise occurred in 1886, when Achill Bippart established the business, trading under the title of Bippart & Co. Air. Bippart, who was born in Eisenach, Saxony, came to the United States when fourteen years of age^ and learned his trade as a jeweler in I'mvidence, R. I. In 1880 President, Achill Bippart: vice-president, Benjamin F. Griscom; secretary, Bennet (Jslv.irn, Jr.. and treasurer, Alfred P. Hinton. The company's plant is on Garden street, covering lots 2 to 8, the big, well equipped plant having 9,300 square feet of floor space, being quite in contrast with the small quarters at 32 Marshall street, where the business originated, twenty-six years ago. The goods manufactured include fine gold jewelry, and a full line of mourning and platinum jewelry, which pro- tlucts are sold in all sections of the United States, in several niPP.VRT, CRISCOM \ (ISBORN, G.VRDEN STREET. he took up his residence in Newark, and has since made his home here. He is a man not only of recognized business acumen, but of high moral character and integrity. He holds membership in the High Street Presbyterian Church and in the Masonic fraternity, and has the respect of all who know him. Benjamin F. GrLscom joined the company in 1893, He is a native of Philadelphia. Bennet O.sborn, Jr., became a member of the company in 1896, and claims Newark as his native city. Alfred P. Hinton became associated with the enterjH-ise in 1903. The\- are progressive and alert business men whom any comnumity would be glad to claim as resi- dents. The officers of the com])any as at present, are : Canadian cities and are also exported to European cities. This establishment is always considered one of the most important jewelry concerns in Newark, and one which has a most enviable record. The employees number one hundred and twenty-five. Among them will be found the highest class of skilled work- men engaged in this line of manufacturing, and working under the supervision of men whose long experience in this line has pro\en the remarkable success of the tirni. The sale of these goods, which rank among the highest both in quality and workmanship, is tlue to the high standard of efficiency in the manufacture, and representation of them l)v five well trained traveliu"- salesmen. 114 .Sv, 1 i 1 1 j ^.fTK... I'.AKKK vV COMI'ANV. INl'.. NKW J KUSEV RAILROAD AVEXUE. Baker GX* Company, Inc. OX'M of the must iinpurtaiU cijnccrii> eiij^agcd in this city as refiners and workers of platiniini, gold anil sil- ver, is IJaker & Company, Inc. The l)usiness was estab- lished in the early seventies by Daniel W. liaker. Sr., for the nianiifactitre of gold jewelry, and, for some years, was confined to this line ; however, with the ever-increasing demand for platinnm in tlie arts and sciences, especially in the electrical and dental fields, the imjiortance and future of the metal was early recognized, and the com])any s])ent considerable lime and large amounts of money in the de- velopment of this branch of its business. l'a])ers of incor- poration were granted to Baker & Company, Inc.. in Janu- ary, 1904. under the laws of the State of Xew Jersey. The company now has a capitalization f)f $750,000. The president of the com|)any is Cyrus O. I5aker, and the vice-president is his brother. Chas. W. liaker, both of whom are Xewark gentlemen, members of the Board of Trade and iitlier ])ri>niinent organizations, and their varied business interests give them considerable prestige in the ccmmunily. The offices and plant of Baker & Com- pany. Inc., are located at Xos. 408-41 0-4 12-4 14 Xew Jerse\ Railroad Avenue, with a Xew \'ork office in the Hudson Terminal Bldg. ( Xo. 30 Church Street). The ])lant. cover- ing an entire city block, consists of four main buildings w itli an aggregate of ten floors. In addition to the offices, the main building is devoted to the general manufacturing departments, where the metal i- worked into wire, sheet, tubing, rivets, etc. Building Xo, 2 is devoted to the refining, assay and re- search departments, and is fully equipjied with the most modern ajiparalus for metallurgical and research work. The various salts and chlorides of platinum and the rare plat- inum metals are manufactured in this department. Buihling Xo. 3. used exclusively for the manufacture of jewelers" settings and findings in both gold and platinum, was erected within the past few years. This department has enjoyed a rapid growth. .\ new and modern factor)- and ottice building ( IcSo feel x 50 feetj is now in the course of construction. The building will have three floors and a basement, is of concrete con struction absolutely fire ])r.)of, and will In- c(|uippe(l with the most modern machinery adapted to this line. .Among the products of liaker & Com])any, Inc.. in addi- tion to those previously mentioned, arc plalinum, crucibles, dishes, anodes, cathodes, iridio ])latinum tubing, platinum in all forms and degrees of hardness, gold ,ind silver sheet, wire and alloys. K^autzmann GT* Co. IT is both gratifying and interesting to present a sketch of such a well-known concern as that of Kautzmann & Co., occupying the ])remises at 112-116 .\rlington street. (i. Kautzmann. of the firm of Kautzmann & Co., has been connected with the jewelry trade of Xewark since 1880, when as a boy of twelve he was apprenticed to Geo. \V. Ryan for seven years, learning the art of ring making in all its branches. After a term of eight years with Unger Bros. he formed a partnership with R. Skivington, starting the business of Kautzmann tS: Skivington in i8i;5, the location being at 118 Market street. After the death of Mr. Skivington, C. I''. Kautzmann, a nei)hew, was admitted to the firm in ]')o(). and the business has since been known as Kautzmann & Co. The firm is fining a prosi)erous and far-reaching business and has gained an iKinorable place in the business world. It maintains a Xew York office at 3 Maiden lane, and a Chicago office at 29 East Madison street, in the lleyvvorth Building. The firm's product is .gold rings of every descrip- tion, all grades, all kinds, plain and fancy, with and without stone settings, their j^articular specialty being a 10 kt. ring. These goods are sold to the jobbin.g trade exclusively, and eventually find their way into many cities of the United States and Canada. The Xew 'S'ork representative is I-' rank B. I'>yrnp, the Chicago representative is George T. Bymer. "5 American Platinum Works PRACTICALLY all the precious and baser metals are used in the manufacturing plants of Newark. One of these that in these days, has many uses, is platinum, the heaviest of all metals, a hard, ductile and malle- able suljstance. One of the best known enterprises engaged in refining this and other metals, is the American Platinum Works on New Jersey Railroad ave- nue. This business dates back to 1875, and has been in continuous ope- ration since. In July, 1903, an incor- porated company was formed to operate the business and the money invested was increased to its present capitalization of $350,000. The president and treasurer is Charles En- gelhard ; the Newark manager is Theo. Koch ; both well known, and identified with various successful enterprises. The Newark plant is at 225, 227, 229, 231 New Jersey Railroad avenue, where a ground floor 100 by 200 feet in extent, and two other floors each 50 by 107 feet, are utilized. The company is refining platinum, gold and silver. All forms and sizes of platinum ware for both chemical and other purposes are manufactured here, and pure plati- num as well as alloys of various kinds and grades of hard- ness. Seamless platinum tiibing is one of the specialties. The products are used in many crafts and iirofessions and in connection with electrical apparatus, as well as being used by manufacturers of dental supplies, surgical apparatus, etc. Twent\' employees may be found regularly employed. The New York office of the company is at 30 Church street, connected with telephone 2296 Cortlandt. AMIiKIC.VN PLATINUM WORKS. .\. I. K A\-ENUE. GEORGE W. HEATH & CO., EIKST STREET. George \V. Heath Gx* Company IN the year 1892, George W. and "Alfred C. Heath began business as partners in New York as "chasers and de- signers to the trade." The original location was at 137 Elm street. New York, but owing to increasing business more commodious quarters were obtained at zy Thames street, and later at 380, 382 and 384 Canal street. In May, 191 2, desiring to avail themselves of the splendiil manufacturing facilities afiforded by Newark, and being ilisposed to do their share in making Newark famous, and proving that "Newark Knows How," the firm of George W. Heath & Co. moved the office and factory to the mod- ern fireproof structure which they had erected at 20(), 208, 210 First street. The company is engaged in the manufacture of fountain pens, and in these days of universal education when everybody can write, there is an ever increasing de- mand for its product. The pens made by this concern are known as Heath's Tribune I'ountain Fens, the component parts of whicli are made of the best material ob- tainable, and are carefully assembled and adjusted 1)\- skilled men under the direct supervision of the meiubers of the firm. Besides fountain pens the company also manufactures gold pens, gold and silver pencils and art metal goods wliich are sold all over the world, through agencies establishetl by cor- res|)ondents and frec|uent visits of traveling salesmen among the dealers in various foreign countries. .Ml pniducts that are made In- this company bear the imprint ".Made in Newark," and the goods are worthy of the city in which the\' were made. 116 Tke Art Metal \Vorkf AMONG the various enterprises connected with the in- dustrial life of our city, prominent and commendatory mention should be made of the Art ?^Ietal Works, a con- cern which has been in active operation many years and has earnctl a most excellent reputation, and is annually in- creasing its outi)ut and extending its trade territory. The factory and main office of the Art Metal Works are in Mulberry street, covering lots 7, 9, 11, 13 and 15. Here the spectator may see well-etjuipped quarters and find one of Newark's busy and prosperous establishments. The New York office is in the Everett Building, 45 E. 17th street. quality or price. All this cannot be gained in a year or two, but has come as a result of more than thirty years of constant effort to produce the best, to keep the price at a reasonable figure, and to give the purchaser goods in every respect as represented in the catalogue. The man whose energy, enterprise and ijusiness acumen has developed this business is Louis \'. .\ronson. a promi- nent citizen of Newark, and a gentleman whose public service to the play-ground commission has been favorably commented upon by the local press. He is thoroughly identified with Newark and the city's progress, and is one Tui: .\RT .\ii:t.\i, works, .mui.hkkrv strket. and the Chicago office is in the Kesner liuilding, .Madison street and Wabash avenue. .V complete line of samples of the company's out])ut is kept on display in these sales- rooms, which are visited by large numbers of persons. Among the products manufactured by this house, the recognized leaders in art metal novelties, are clocks, jewel cases, desk artic'es, smokers' articles, toilet novelties, vases, candelabra, electric portables, ink wells, calendars, religious and church goods, frames, statuettes, thermometers, etc. The entire list includes more than ten thousand numbers. As the company has unequal'ed facilities for buying raw material and turning out finished stock, its products are not equalled for richness of design, beauty of finish. of the citizens who stands ready In help I'orward the vari- ous movements for the city's good. .Mr. .Aronsnn's business career extends over a period of more than thirty years, and the success he has gained in his own work, makes clear his ability as a leader and if o])portunity affords he can doubtless prove to the i)ul)lic his qualifications for success- fully filling other anfl more important ofiices than that of Commissioner. The Art Metal Works, of whicli Mr. Aronson is president, is capitalized at $150,000, and was incorporated in 1896. The secretary of the company is Alexander Harris, and the employees nmnber from one hundred and fifty to two hundred persons. Fully 100.000 square feet of floor space is used. 117 The J. E. iVlergott Company II'" iIk- makers of the iiian_\ excellent lines of nieichandise one sees advertised in the weekly and monthly publica- tions always stated where these goods were made, it is a demonstrable fact that Newark would always l)e in the lime- light as a great industrial center. One of the industries of the citv which is a marked illus- tration of the axiom, "(ireat oaks from little acorns grow." is that of The J. E. IMergott Company, which is now one of Newark's large and flourishing business concerns though its modest beginning hardly |)rcsaged the present splendid showing, as will be seen in the accompanying illnstration. In small (juartcrs, at to Cireen street, this industry was started by J. 1'". Mergott in 1878. He was sole proprietor The Iniildings consist of a main mill which is of four- story brick construction, 375 x 50 feet, a two-story fire- proof building adjoining which is 150 x 40 feet, some smaller buildings which are used for storage purposes, the l)0wer plant being situated in the midst of the buildings. The power house, which is 71; x yo feet, has a two hun- dred and fifty horse power engine, and three boilers of one hundred and fifty horse po\ver each, and also contains ample facilities for the lighting, heating and water supply of the entire space devoted to manufacturing. The plant is protected from fire by an automatic sprinkler system which has been installed in every department, and has a fire alarm system which is connected directly with the t (,5 » tST ' » 1 ; ,^V,-«]p^- \ir. 3 J 3 a ^ ^ « - , , I i I i i 1 1 i 3 i^'' ^ *' M3JJ«" THE J. E. MERCOTT COMPANY, JELLIFF .WENUE. until 1881; when an incorporated company was formed and the business moved to 10 and 12 Ward street. Here the enter- prise prospered and after a time, as still larger space was needed, another move was made, this time to [rvington. Here the industry stayed until an unexpected mishap, in the nature of a fire, occurred in 1905, and the enterprise was returned to Newark and the present commodious and up-to- date plant was erected. This plant is on JellifT avenue, covering lots from 316 to 364, and consi.sts of buildings of the most a]i]iroye anmng .Newark's most widely known ami highly esteemed business men. 'I'lic other officers are : \'ice-]jresident, Charles Wester, secre- tary, I'Ved Cioertz. and treasurer, William Wester, all of whom are gentlemen of recognized executive al)ilit\-. po]jii- lar with all with whom they are associated, and command the good will of the communitv. The factory of .\ugnst Goertz & Co. is located on Morris avenue near South Orange avenue, and covers lots 270 to 286, with a frotUage of 100 feet on I'.ruce street. The equijiment is wurtliy nf nntc, the mcist being nuiinlv i>i special design which together with the various labor saving and novel designs made in goM ami silver are ])atent''d by .\Ir. ( Joertz, and were his own invention ; they are of special beauty and have won for their maker and themselves a wide rei)utation for desirability. The goods manufactured l)v the cnnipanv are sold throughout the L'niled States and Canada, being disposed of through wlmlcsale houses in many of the large commercial centers. The company furnishes employment for a large number of operatives, varying from three to five hundred, according to the season. .\s the comjiany's financial standing is of the highest, all employees receive fair compensation, adding materially to the industrial prosperity of Newark. 119 \V^illiam Dixon, Inc. TIIK great and growing enterprise conducted luuier tlie title William Dixon, Inc., was founded about fifty years ago, its founder having embarked in business in the early sixties. While the manufacturing plant has been in Newark since the early seventies, a New York de- partment has been maintained at 39 John street, the build- ing being now occupied exclusively by the present company. In 1896 a corporation was formed. William Dixon becom- ing president and general manager. Under this manage- ment the l)usiness soon became regarded as one of the largest and most substantial in the trade, both here and abroad. NEW YORK S.\LESR00iI AXD GEXEK.VL OEFCES. This corporation, took its present name on Januarv 1 . 1908, without any change in the organization personnel or policy of a business built up on the soundest and most conservative of business principles. The men composing the executive head are : President, William Dixon : treasurer. Samuel F. Dixon, and secretary, Boyd Howarth, all arc \\ILLI.\M DIXON". .\ewark gentlemen of prominence and high position m the business world, not only known laecause of their financial success, but because of their public spirit and kindlv interest in movements for the welfare of their fellowmen. W i I 1 i a m Dixon, Incorpo- rated, is a con- cern engaged in manufactur i n g and importing fine tools, ma- chinery and sup- plies used by jewelers, silver- smiths, by the dental profession and t h e optical trade, and by all metalists. T h e company i s sole agent for .\n- toine Glardon's fine Swiss files, agent for L. ITugonoit Tis- sot's fine tools, and Xew ^'ork agent of the .\orton Company. An office is maintained at 32 l\ue de Paradis, Paris, h'rance, and other agencies are located in various European cities. The company aims in these European agencies to keep in close touch with foreign manufacturing centres, and thus secure latest develop- ments and inventions in machinery and tools, the policy of the house being to import, manufacture, promote and market all such devices as facilitate and improve the art and work of the metal industry. The company issues many fine catalogues, well illus- trated, and replete with such technical information, com- pounds, tables, etc., as will ajipeal to the workman in the solution of practical problems. The company also en- courages corres]iondcnce on technical difficulties, and has frequently been able to render valuable assistance to the perplexed artisan and manufacturer. A device which this company has placed on the market and which has proved highly practical is Dixon's Dust Collector, or Separator, for the purpose of collecting all ilust, lint, dirt, etc., from polishing benches, and separating it in such a wav as to deliver all dirt and dust into a con- venient receptacle while the air passes through the top. or mav be piped out of the building, and not a particle of dust can escape after passing through the collector. Di.xon's is conceded to be the most successful collector on the market for jewelers, silversmiths, dental laboratories or buffing plants of any kind. The company regularly emplo)-? one hundred and fifty iiersons. mostlv men. of a high degree of skill. 120 William CrabL &' Co. Wll,LlA.\i CKAUIi & CU.Ml'AXY is an in- corporated concern with a capitalization of $200,000. Papers of incorporation were filed May II, 1905, though the hiisiness itself dates back to 1870, when it was started by William Crabb, who died in 1890. The present officers of the company, who are men of wide business experience and high financial rating, are Robert Crabb, president ; George G. I laddow, secretary ; and Albert K. Crabb. treasurer. The company has a plant of an acre and a lialf in extent on Uloomfield avenue and Morris Canal, where they give employment to a large number of skilled operatives in this line of work. The plant is always busy throughout the entire year. The business consists in the manufacture m' needle pointed goods used in the |)reparation of fibres, the output being bagging loom reeds, cotton banding, card clothing in leather, card clothing in wool, card jiins. circles, comber needles, comb pins, drawing frame pins, fallers, feed rollers in brass shells, gill brass, gills ami gill bars, hackles, hackle pins. Jennie ])ins. needle pointed ])ins. picker teeth, porcupines. rivets, rotary gills, spreader ])ins, steel s])rings, steel wire, tentcring pins, waste machine clothing and teeth, and weav- ers' combs. These goods are sold direct t<> textile mills, etc., throughout various sections of the I'nited States. This class of ])roducts is known as card clothing, and is used, in the preparation of flax, cotton, jute and similar materials. T SCIINEFEL BROTHERS, JLTII SEVENTEENTH STREET. \\ tLLI.\.M CK.M'.n .\NL> CO.Ml'ANV. TIUKD .WENCK. ScKnerel Brotners llMkE are thousands oi articles on ilic market in our big cities, which our forefathers never heard of. hut which in this age serve a very useful ami necessary i)iirpose. .\mong such articles are the very i)retly and well made manicure implements, of unrivaled ami beautiful designs being manufactured from season to season by the finii of .Schnefel lirothers. These goods are constnicled along the most modern lines and their large and growing demand proves that they are highly (lesiial)le and fully up to the standard re(iuired by the ])ul)lic. These mani- cure imi)lements, made in various designs and in sev- eral grades, are .sold to retailers through johjjing houses in all sections of the country. This business was established in Sepiemher. \')i\^. by A. Ilinkel and Max SchnetVl. the location at that time being 60 .\rlington street. The present address is r)84 to (^>S8 South Seventeenth street. and the jiresent owners of the enterprise are Max Schnefel. Charles .Schnefe! and Otto Schnefel, the latter two gentlemen having entered into the busi- ness during the year of 1905- The.se brothers were all brouglil up in the cutlery line, having been born and raised in the old cdtlery center. .Solingen. ( iennanx . and are fiill\ qualified in every branch of the business. They give employment to about twenty-five per- sons, and the factory is a busy and prosperous l>lace. The main building is two and one-half stories ill height, thirty-six feet frontage and fifty- two feet deiith. and in addition to this there is a forge shop thirty by thirty-two feet. A good stock of raw material is carried : all finished arti- cles are carefully inspected before packing, and all orders are filled with care and accuracy, goods in all cases being found by purchaser to be entirely satisfactory and never misrepresented. 121 C. T. XV^ illiamson Wire Novelty Co. THE C. T. Williamson Wire Novelty Company of 52 to 64 Badger avenue, is imdoubtedl\- and indisputably the greatest corkscrew and novelty manufacturer in the entire world. Its leading specialty is the celebrated "Combination cork- extractor, crown opener, seal lifter and wire breaker." champagne tapes, card holders, cork rings, wall hooks, invented and patented by C. T. Williamson, one of the founders of the industry established by him- self and son in 1876. Over four hundred million of the \Villiamson cork screws have been manufac- tured and sold all over the globe, and a force of about one hundred and twenty-five skilled wire workers and machinists are now employed m the handsomely equipped three- story modern building. Nearly all the machinery in the model plant has lieen specially constructed for the company's work and much of it was designed and invented by Mr. Williamson and his son. W. .\. Williamson, who has been president, treasurer and jirogressive business mana- ger since the founder's retirement from business activities in 1888. C. T. Williamson died in 1890. The company was incorpnratcd under New Jersey laws in 1889. Xalljro Townsend is the vice-president, and K. W'. Atwater is secretary. Air. Williamson, the president and treasurer, was born in New York, and has been associ- ated with this industry since its inception, thirty-six years ago. He has been one of the most iiotent factors in mak- ing the progress from a small beginning to a manufacturing plant which now uses upward of three hundred tons of wire annually in manufacturing its various kinds of products. I'. I.i>\\ ]-;ntKAUT MFC. CO., BKICNNER STREKT. C. T. WlI.LI.\MSf)X WIRE NOVELTY CO., B.\DGER AVENUE. P. Lo\ventraut Mfg. Co. THE P. LOWEXTR.KCT Alh'G. CO.. which has gained a fair name and an honored place through over forty- three years in business, was originally owned by Peter Lowentraut. who founded it in 1869, the location at that time being on l-'air street. In 181)9, tn meet the demands of a rapidly growing business, an incorporated conipanv was formed and the capital stock increased to $200,000.00. Air. Lowentraut died in 1910. and his widow, Airs. A. Lowentraut, retains his interest in the enterprise and acts as treasurer for the company. The other officers are F^-esi- dent and Secretary, V. II. Koerner, \'ice-l 'resident, Gus- tave Aliller, both of whom are well and favorably known. The business is located at 3') to 54 llrenner street, where it has lieen since 1884. This is at the inter- section of Kent street. The building has three stories, 300 by 400 feet in di- mensions. The company is engaged in the manufac- ture of "L^. S." ice skates, mechanics' tools and bi- cycle wrenches, and these are sold in various cities throughout the East and Aliddle West, its reputation for excellence of which the concern is justly proud. The pay roll shows the names of approximatelv one hundred and fiftv, manv of these emplo)-ees being high class mechanics, draw- ing a large weekly wage. 122 Ricnmond Bros. Co. IX 1862, under the title of Archi- bald M. Richmond, the business now known as Richmond Bros. Co. was started in New York City. For various reasons, but largely for the sake of expansion in the busi- ness, the enterprise was moved to Xewark in 1872. the location select- ed being at the intersection of Mul- berry and Chestnut streets. In 1887, t'lc concern purchascil its present quarters. The factory covers most of the ground at this location, being 200 feet in depth. and affording 10,000 square feet of floor space. The business engaged in is the manufacture of button> and small metal goods, in the form- er line there are celluloitl, gilt and covered buttons, and these are mar- keted through wholesale houses, and exported to a considerable extent as arc also the metal specialties, many of which are particularly desired by the confectioners' trade. The output of the factory is large, and employment is given to 100 ])ersons. Archibald Richmond retired from business in 1880. and was succeeded by his sons, 11. Murray Richmond and .\r- thur A. Richmond, the former becoming [ircsident of the company in 1000, at the date of incorporation, jircsiding in KIlll.MO.M) liROS. CO. S oIKKi:, LIIKSTNl'T STREET. office for a short time, and i)c'ing treasurer of the company. H. Murray Richmond died in 191 1. and the jiresent offi- cers arc: president and treasurer, .\rtliur .\. Kiclimoml : secretary. (leorge C>. Knapp. Mr. Richmond lived for 36 years in I''ast Orange and is prominently known there, having been a member of the lioard of Rducation. and prominent in musical circles. He has resided in Chatham since i<)0<). J3rabson I3rothers THE memlx'rs of the firm of I'.rabson Iirothcrs are Frank and I'rcd ilrabson. active and well informed citizens of Xewark, who are successfully carrying on busi- ness at 47 Hamilton street. They are continuing a business which was established by their father. Thomas Brabson. about thirty years ago. and has been before the public since that time. The building, built and occu]3ied by the firm, is at the corner of Hamilton and Liberty streets where the space is well fitted up for the sjiecial line of work in which they are engaged. About nine thousand square feet of floor space are utilized and first class machinery has been in- stalled there. The business is that of manufacturing brass goods and builders' hardware, particularly hinges, catches and bolts. Special attention is also given to the making of refrigerator hardware. During the years these goods have been on the market they have been very favorably received, and jobbers have no hesitancy in placing them in the hands of their retailers. Business is carried on in a systeinatic manner, orders are filled with care and accuracy and goods are always found to be as represented. Employment is given to about forty per.'^ons. most of whom are mechanics of skill and experience, who faith- fully perform the work assigned to them. NeAvark Purse Frame Mfg. Co. IX the foremost ranks of the many diversified industries which arc in daily operation in the city, stands the New- ark I'urse l-'rame Co.. a concern which was established in 1889. having increased very remarkably since its inception. The original location of this enterprise was at 320 Mar- ket .'street, from which place it was moved to the corner of Lawrence and .Mechanic Streets in 1893, and in June. 1910, moved into the present plant at 548 to 556 South nth Street, which is owned by the company and was designed and erected for its particular use. Its building has two floors 90x100 ft. and one floor 40x90 ft. The men whose energy and finances started this enter- ]jrise were E. Poeter and W. I'. Blasius, the business being on a co-partnership basis. In 1906. Mr. Poeter died and his interest in the business became the ])ro|)crty of his widow, which she has since retained. Mr. Itlasius is a native of Xcw York State, but has made his home in Xewark many years. He is a member of the Xewark Board of Trade, and other prominent organizations, and is highly esteemed throughout the community. He gives his personal attention to the management of the busi- ness and is recognized as an expert manufacturer of metal goods. The company makes purse and chatelain frames and fancy metal goods and has built up a wide trade with pocket- book manufacturers. Xearly fifty persons are employed. 123 Xonks Brothers THE inventor and the niannfacturer are the men who liave borne, in all ages, the standard of progress and victory. J-iealizing this, there is a constant endeavor on the part of the enterprising cities of the comitry to increase the list of niaiuifacturers by every legitimate means. The factories and mills of Xewark. many of which are illustrated in this book, are among the best of their class anywhere in the United States; intelligentl\- directed and admirably eqnipiied, a fact revealed to all who make personal visits to our industrial concerns. The manufacturing facilities are as complete as ma\- be found anywdiere, the custom being to equi]) with first class machinery and employ high class skilled artisans, and to secure all accessories calculated to improve production and minimize cost. A notable example of a modernly equipped and well directed enterprise, is that of Tonks Bros. Co., J27-229 High street. This business, which was originally located at 21O High street, was founded in 1891 by H. Tonks. T. Tonks and I. E. Hirsh, the firm name being Tonks Bros. & Co. Since 1895 an incorporated company, known as Tonks Bros. Co. and capitalized at $50,000, has carried on the business. Thomas Tonks is president of the company and Harry Tonks is secretary-treasurer. These gentlemen possess broad and practical experience in their special line of in- dustry and maintain a satisfactor}' standard in every depart- ment. They are thoroughl}- public-spirited citizens and have the confidence and esteem of Newark's business men. The industry is located in the Tonks Building on Higli street, where 20,000 square feet of floor space are utilized, and employment is given to one hundred and fifty persons. The factory is busy turning out pearl buttons, pearl novel- ties and various lines of pearl goods which have become widely known throughout the country and the demand for them has kept the designers busy inventing new styles to meet the demands of fasliinn. Being the mam trmiming for lathes' gowns this season has materially increased ihe trade so that extra workers had to be employed. .. Most of the output is taken b)- jobbers and distributed over a wide territory. The output of the factory is favorably received Ijy job- bers, as the goods are well known, having been on the market many years and having always been up to the stand- ard represented by the manufacturer. There is quite an ex- tensive line of novelties made here, many of them most pleas- ing and attractive in ap]K-arance, and some of them unique in design. This is one of the prosjjerous Xewark industries, with a small army of skilled, prosperous and contented employees, who receive fair treatment and just compensation, wdiich is a factor in turning out all orders qtiickly. Tke Nicolas Zneimer Button Works L IKE man\- other Xewark industries, the one described in this article had a small beginning, but being con- ducted along safe business lines, soon jjrospered under the THI-; .VTCOLAS ZNF.IMKR BUTTON WORKS, X . J. R. R. .\V1- able management of its owner, wlm ha^ niwv scciu'ed a flour- ishing enterprise with an assured future. The Nicholas Zneimer Button Works was established in 1902 by the man whose name it bears and who has been its sole owner since its start. The location at first was in a small place on Morris avenue, but it did not take long for the business to outgrow these restricted quarters, and in 1906, the location was changed to New- Jersey Railroad avenue, where the lots and buildings on Xos. 166, 168, 170. 172 and 174 were purchased and e(|ui])ped for llie work on hand. This is a desirable location being at the cor- ner of Cottage street, and the offices of the concern are on this corner. There are four fioors occupied b}' the factory, each floor being 100 by 50 feet in dimensions, fitted with latest machmery for the tiuMiing out of high grade vegetable i\ory tailor buttons, special for the clothing manufacturing trade, in immense (|nantities and in many sizes and st\les which are sold in all parts of the C'nited States. There are now as many as one hun- dred persons emplo_\-ed here in various capacities, and this concern has never had a dull season. 124 IRON & STJ^lUPRODUaS -^ OC/ A.M().\(j the many advantages possessed b\ Xcwark is the geographical position which makes it possible for its manufacturers to market their lirotlucts with less trouble and far less expense than their many rivals in other cities. In no industrial field is this more manifest than that of foundries and machine shops where thousands of tons of machinery are turned out each month. Superior railroad facilities for the transportation of iron and coal has proved a big factor in .Vewark's industrial growth. Many big plants now here were once located in adjacent or far distant cities, and their proprietors who had the misfortune to enter into competition with Xewark- made goods, had in this wise learned of the manifold ad- vantages offered here as an industrial center. Important inventions have played a pnmiinent part in .\ewark"s progress. This is especially applicable to tin foimdry and machine shop, for here the first malleable iron was turned out. In consecjuence, this far-reaching innova- tion has caused many of the big j)lants to <|uadrn])le tiieir capacity for work. .\n infinite variety of small wares is turned out in the factories where malleable iron is emploved. Then, too, machines of the highest grade and most deli- cate mechanism are fashioned here, man\- of them having been invented by some Newark genius. These maciiines are known not only in local trade circles, but in many other places, and for them there is a steady demand. Newark Gear Cutting Mackine Company NEWWRK Gear Cutting .Machine Company was origi- nally known as Eberhardt brothers, having been founded some years ago by tiie brothers of that name. -Vfter having been in successful operation for a few years, the product became specialized in gear cutting machines and gears, and the company changed its name to .Vewark Gear Cutting Machine Co., became an incorporated company, and increased its capital. Its address is 69 Prospect street. The company manufactures machines for cutting gears of all kinds, covering the gear requirements of every branch of industry. The machines are furnished for cutting gears for printing presses, power presses, hoisting engines, gas engines, automobiles, special machinery, and general machine work. Machines are furnished as well to the Xavy Yards and .\rsenals, this branch of work being a specialty of the company. The machines are automatic, and are covered by patents. In addition to its building of gear cutting machinery, this company maintains a complete gear cutting department, for tile manufacture of gears of all kinds. It juix auto- matic machines for cutting spur, bevel, mitre, worm, racks, internal and spiral gears. The latest gear generating machines for spur, bevel and spiral gears are to be seen run- ning at all times. This company takes care of the complete gears, and cuts the teeth in gears furnished by some custom- ers, who desire to make up their own blanks. The company employs about sixty men. all expert mechanics. Insjiectors are employed to kecj) the quality of the output up to the required high grade of precision which this company has always established. The officers of the company are, Henry E. Eberhardt, president ; Frank E. Eberhardt, vice-president and treasurer ; Henrv J. Eber- hardt, secretary, all of whom have been identified in the machinery world for many years. Herman F. BekrenJt 0X1-: fact regarding .Newark wiiicli is well worth putting before the public in a prominent way, is the diversity of its industries. This is a matter which means a great deal to residents and to those thinking of locating in Xewark, as it as.sures opportunities of employment for all clas.ses of .skilled and unskilled lalior. Among the many inrlu>lries, one which is (|uite unusual in its character is that carried on by Heriuan b". liehrendt, of 22 Green street. He is a designer and builder of special machinery, and is endowed with marked ability along his chosen line. He has had vears of training as a machinist and is prepared by experience and shop e(|uipment to ren- der any patron highly satisfactory services. One of the .specialties turned out from his shop is manu- facturing jewelers" equipments, and in this branch some really remarkable pieces of machinery have been designed. \ arious types of labor saving machinery, suitable for use in factories of many kinds, have been built at tlii- place. Com- ing in line with the work done here are gear cutters, shap- ers, power jjresses, double action presses, screw presses. foot presses, draw benches, ])laiii ami automatic rolling mills, plain and roller bearing pin pointing machines, die milling machines, .solder cutting machines, rotarv shears, squaring shears, jewelers' rolls and oval chucks, jewelers' rolls arc ground and lajiped. and oval tttniiiig is another line execu- ted here. .Mr. IJehrendt started in business two years ago. May fir.st, and has succeeded in pleasing the customers whom he has served. He has in his employ at the present time about twenty persons most of whom are high grade me- chanics. 125 Maker Of Flockhart OXK of the proiuk'st records in the pages of commer- cial history is that attained by Newark as a great in- (kistrial and manufacturing center. The city has estab- hshed permanent reinitation for sound business methods and tlie substantial basis upon which her commercial and financial fabric rests. A glance at the establishments which are here will show the diversity of our nianufactur- ing interests and that they are in a prosperous condition is sufficient evidence that manufacturing of almost any nature will pay in Newark, the City of Industry. castings. The public soon realized that work of superior grade was being turned out here, and that men with prac- tical ideas and thorough knowledge of the foundry business were engaged in the work, hence the concern soon had es- tablished a reputation for making heavy and light machin- ery castings, which was a valuable asset and meant rapidly increasing patronage. The result was such an increase in business as to necessitate new and better equipped build- ings, and each year saw an addition to their plant. In 1889 the company purchased a large plot of land MAKER & 1"U)CKH.\RT S PL.VXT. POLK, CI.OXKR. I-ICRGUSOX, MI-:RCIIAXT AND \AX Bl'REK STREETS. One of the industries which has for man\' \cars been an important feature in the business life of the' city is that trading under the name of Maher & Flockhart. This en- terprise was established in 1882, and was then known as Maher, Robinson & Flockhart, the founders of the busi- ness being Edward Alaher, Thomas Robinson and James Flockhart, the original location being the same as at pres- ent, on Polk street, but in very small quarters. This establishment, like many other of Newark's now famous industrial enterprises, had a very humble and un- promising beginning. It was in May, 1882, that the com- pany rented a small building on Polk street, and with but one employee, commenced the manufacture of grey iron boundcil ]]} I'olk and Clover streets, and the New Jersev Central R. R., upon which they erected a brick building two hundred feet long and eighty feet wide and smaller build- ings for boiler and engine rooms, and pattern shop. A build- ing for the exclusive manufacture of light castings was erected two years later : this was 65 by 85 feet in dimensions and new equipment has been added from time to time in this as well as in other buildings. The foundry is equipped with all the latest improved cupolas, power cranes, and every appliance to facilitate the manufacture and handling of castings. Expert iron work- ers have ])ronounced this foundry one of the very best. The main building on Polk street covers the lot from 60 126 to 96 and the entire ])lant faces on Polk. Clover, Ferguson, Merchant and \'an llureii streets, affording a ground area of approximately six acres. IJuildings. as shown in the ac- companying illustration, are well lighted and ventilated and embody every feature that enables competent and _expe- rienced iron workers to accomplish the best results. Heavy and light machinery castings of every description are made and the foundry has a capacity of si.xty tons per day. The l)roduct is endless in scojie and variety and there is no form into which iron cannot he cast at these works. The company issue catalogues containing cuts of its out- put, especially the various designs of sewer and park cast- ings, also special castings which it manufactures. During the years the company has been in business, there has been acciunulated a large number of patterns for use in public work in a number of large cities, which enables the concern to oft'er styles, sizes and selections that cannot be surpassed. .Vmong these s])ecial |)roducts is the patent noiseless manhole cover, which has been adopted by many engineers for use on asi)halt. bitulithic. wood block and brick pavements aiid has ])roven highly satisfactory. Some of the other castings include light weight sewer frame and cover, catch basin cover and stone frame, standard basin trap, catch basin hood, basin grating and basin grate bar, standard basin pan and standard gully traj). lawn which are used for both ^leam and electric roads. The National .Sash Lock has been n\ade standaid by many of the largest railroad systems in the country, as it makes for the comfort and convenience of the general traveling THE N.\TIOX.\L LOCK W.VSHIiR CO., JOIIXSON, HER.MOX .\XI) I'lC.N MNGTON STUiCKT.S. Car Window I'"ixtures. The company also maintains a branch office in Chicago. The Lock Washer De])artiuent has a capacity of one mil- lion per day. consisting of more than seven hundred different sizes and styles, for both steam and electric railroad track and car uses, automobiles, harvesting machinery, wagons, general machiner\-, and of constantly increasing application wherever bolts and nuts are used. The development of the automobile and auto truck has called for special lines of Lock Washers requiring more careful selection of material, original manufacturing contrivances and scientific methods for treating the steels, in order to meet the demand for the highest efficiency attainable. public. The window can be raised to any desired height and owing to clever mechanical construction, it is im])ossible for a window e(|uip])ed with this sash lock to fall. The skill and mechanical ability at the command of this enter|)rising concern, supplemented by a large force of rep- resentatives and selling agents covering the entire country, with offices in .New York City. Chicago, St. Louis. .San I'rancisco, and in Furope, has enabled it to secure the major jjortion of this trade which is constantly increasing, thus proving that the best goods eventuallv command the market. The officers of the company are: President, William C. Dodd; Vice-President, George .Spottiswoode ; Treasurer, George K. Howe; Secretary, Herbert \'. 15. .Smith. 129 i lie Positive Lock xV^ asner Co. IX ihe various lines of trade and industry, pursued with success iti the city of Newark, those thai win recognition and secure a large share of puhlic patronage are almost in- variably the n^eritllrillu^ claimants for popular favor — those who well deserve it because n\ specially high-class services. This is well illustrated in the career of The Positive Lock Washer Co., an enterprise which is now doing a large share of business in its special line of manufacturing'. The original incnr|)orators of this company were John L>. Ross, James .\. Turnbell, Alexander Turnbell and Samuel Schoch, the last named gentleman having been tlie com- pany's lirst president, and lia\'ing formerly been general manager of the Morris and Essex Division of the I)., L. & \V. R. R. Alexander Turnbell and Samuel Schoch are now deceased ; the other gentlemen still remain affiliated with the concern in efficient capacities of executives. The officers are: President and Treasurer. James F. Bliss, and Secretary, John 11. Ross, gentlemen who are justly one floor is given over to use as a wareroom and shipping department, each conducted on a systematic basis. The finished product, the I'ositive Lock Washers, was awarded a medal at the World's Columbian E.xposition, "for simplicity and positive action, superiority of material and unifoiinity of temper." "The boily of the washer carries the load of compression, and the s])ring is not afifected by use. Through the vibration the engaging points gradually imbed themselves thereby, through the washer preventing the nut from working backward. The washer is remarkaljle, rmd can l)e used many times. It is rcicrsihlc and does not injure the nut, its threads, or the threads of the bolt." The output of the factory is sold direct to steam, elec- trical and street railroads, also to manufacturers of harvest- ing machinery and makers of automobiles, and electric m(.)tors. 'Idle manufacturers of electric nuitors and the builders of electric car trucks find the washers indispensa- ble in the production of strictly first-class work. These THE POSITl\'K LOCK WASIIl-ZK CO., MILI.KR STREET. esteemed throughout the communit}- for their business ability, progrcssiveness. sterling integrity, and prominently known to the trade in general. Papers of incorporation were filed in 1890, and the capital stock was placed at $100,000, at which figure it has since remained. The ])lant is located at iSi Miller street, and consists of a grou]) of three buildings. The comjjany is e^ngaged in the manufacture of the I^isitive Lock \\'ashers exclusively, and in the work gives employment to about seventy-five per- sons, nianv of them skilled mechanics. The buildings utilized are lirst, the main building, which measures 100 feet by 50 feet, and is ei|ni|)])ed for receiving the steel and ])Utting it through its first processes in tlir m;mufacture of tile washers. Huibling .\o. 2, which is 140 b\ 40 feet in dimensions, is where the heating, tempering and cleaning are carried on, lUiilding .\o. _^. 47 iiy 50 feet in dimensions, contains tlie main offices which occupy one entire floor, and washers applied on street railway trucks have demonstrated that they reduce the cost of repairs to a minimum. These goods are not used e.xclusivelv in the L'nited States, but many millions of them are in use in Canatla, Mexico and .South .\merica, as well as in European countries. The constantly growing demand for the Positive Lock Washer both at home and abroad is a source of gratifica- tion to its maker. The manufacturer guarantees these washers, and should an\- prove defective in any feature, the company replaces them free of charge for transportation or other charges, upon return of broken washers to manu- facturer. The wa.shers are made from any size steel and to fit any size bolt, and have been pronounced by expert critics to l>e the most successful track washers ever made. The position of importance which this industry iias at- tained is a credit and a pleasure not only to those directly interested, but indirecth- to the cit\- of Newark, as well. 130 T Storm Mfg. Co. HK business nf the Storm Mamitai.iur ing Company is the manufacturing ami installing of duml) waiters and hand eleva- tors, in which line it has earned an enviable reputation and enjoyed a steadily increasing l)atronage. These goods are sold in almost all sections of the L'nited States, and a flourishing export trade has also been de- veloped, the country to which most frequent shipments are made ix'ing South America. The Storm .Manufacturing Company grew out of a private business established in I'oughkeejjsie. X. 'S'., in i8resident and treasurer; \V. !'). Hutchinson, assistant treasurer; and R. W. Baker, secre- tary and general manager.' These gentlemen, with the ex- ception of Mr. IJaker, who resides in Xewark, are residents of New York City. The company is engaged in the manufacture of electrical specialties and in the ])ursuit of business give employment to about twenty persons, some of them electricians of skill and wide experience. One of its specialties is the "Helion," electric cigar lighter with a positive guarantee. It is made in two types, the desk and the pendant, both of which are handsomely finished in gun metal and nickel. Some of the reasons assigned for the superiority of this cigar lighter are these : The heating unit used in it is composed of a patented com- position which will stand a temperature of 3092 degrees, I'ahrenbeit without any change in its physical, chemical or electrical characteristics; the "Helion" cigar lighter will stand all kinds of rough usage. .Another interesting specially is the "Helion" electric Hat-iron. This iron has a heat regulating device, a feature to be foutul in but few other makes. This company is also manufacturing flat irons, toasters and a unicjue water heater for bars, soda fountains, etc.. which gives a continuous flow of hot water, fifteen seconds after the current is turned on. Newark Second-Hancl MacKinery Company, Inc. THE ]jronounced activity in manufacturing interests during the past few years is the most significant evi- dence of the progress and advancement of our country. Never was machinery of all kinds in such demand and never was there such a vast amount of the world's work done by machinery as at the present time. This condition of affairs gives a wide field of operation for dealers and makers of machinery, and such a concern as the Newark Second- Hand .Machinery Co. is in this li.st. This company, occupy- ing the ])remises at 93 to 105 Chestnut street, is engaged in buying and selling new and used machine tools and power transmission and has been before the public since 1892. After conducting business successfully for twelve years, the concern filed papers of incorporatinn and in 1904, became an incorporated comi)any with a capital stock of $50,000.00. .A. P. Morris is ])resident and C. E. Morris is treasurer, and they have been with the enterprise since its start. Both gentlenKMi are well known in Newark and have the respect and good will of the entire comnninity. The company is prepared to handle large contracts and makes a feature of purchasing an built the Lawyers' building, the Iron Bound Trust Conipany's building and others of like importance, .\mong the more recent buildings erected by the company are the I'liMic Library in Elizabeth, the Armory in I-'.ast Orange, and St. |(isriiir> Church of the Palisades, West Xew \'ork. Mr. Monahan has been a ])rominein Democrat for the last twenty years in the Iron Bound district. Erom 1899 to 1 90 1 he served as alderman from the fifth ward. In the cami)aign ni icji 1 lu- was the only Democrat to succeed on the whole Democratic County ticket, when he was elcctefl sherilif. Since his occupancy of this office he has been steadily "on tile job" and distingm'shed himself during the Mont- clair strike. The Montclair Common Council, in recogni- tion of his capable services, tendered him a vote of thanks. The John E. Monahan .Association, of which the sheriff is standard-bearer, is the representative Democratic organi- zation of the Iron Bound district. During the past winter the association distributed over $1,000 worth of clothing, shoes and coal to the needy residents of the district. This and similar acts of practical charity have made the sheriflf very popular in his section. Afr. Monahan is a member of the Knights of Columbus and the Eoresters. 133 PAYNE ISROS., INC.. YARD AND IITIUJINCS, EM.MMTT STREET, COR. A\'ENUE U. Payne Bros., Inc. HlS'r()Rl.\.\'S will doubtless refer tn these days as a threat Iiuildiiii^- eia, for iiewr in the history of the world liave there been ereeted so many and such mammotli struc- tures as during recent years. (Jne of the enterprises in Newark engaged in preparing materials and furnishing ex- pert knowledge in the line of building is I'ayne Bros., Inc., whose main office and works are at b'nimett street, corner of Avenue D. They are engineers and contractors, and do all kinds of structural and ornamental steel and iron work, making a specialty of large and difficult undertakings. Their ctTorts are not confined to this locality, nor indeed to this country, as the_\- ship steel and iron products from South .\merica to Siberia, as well as to all sections of the United States and Canada. The company's plant consists of four large shops and a fifth building in which the offices are located. The shops contain forges and heavy machinery used for the assembling of structural steel castings, which are received in the rough, riveted and made ready for shipment and erection. The offices contain the officers of the compiany, the office force and a corps of trained draftsmen. All Iniildings are con- nected by telephone operated through an exchange located in tlie office. Employment is given to between 200 and 300 men and a force of a dozen traveling men represents the company on the road. Payne llros. incorporated in 1910; capitalization, $160,- 000. T. 1'. Payne is president and treasurer, and R. W. Payne is \-ice-president and secretary of the company. lailONS OF STRrCll'R \1. IRON i )i;i'.\R IM EN T. KU H W. V. Egbert fe" Co OW much of Xewark's substantial commercial and in- dustrial growth and development is due to natural resources and advantages, and what percentage is tlue to the remarkable enterprise of our people, is, of course, im- l)OSsible to determine. Certain it is that our city is greatly blessed in having both. Ijcing in a section of the metropoli- tan di.strict. and the combined results are in the highest degree pleasing to all whose interests are centered here. Among the important and well established business houses of Newark is the concern of W. \ . Mgbert & Co., dealers in ])lumbers" and steam fitters' supi)lies. high grade sani- tary specialties, etc. In pioneer times, when our fore- fathers led a ])astoraI life, each family was a law unto itself, and the |)lumbers" art was not called into re<|uisition. To-day. however, things are very different, and municipal regulations demand certain sanitary e(juipmer.l in cver\- home and public building, these demands being made for the common welfare of the connnnnity. lingineers and build- ers agree that there is no more important part of a building than the plumbing, hence the wisdom of installing only high grade fixtures. W. v. Egbert & Co.. located at 35-37 and .V»-38 Mechanic street, carry a com])rehensive line of plumbers' and steam fitters' supplies, and kcej) fully abreast of the times. The dis])lay of high grade sanitary specialties is a really note- worth\- sight, revealing many new and interesting devices for the modern building. .\ building with basement and four stories. 45 by 100 feet in dimensions, on one side of Meciianic street, and a three- storv and basement building of same dimensions, on the op])osite side of the street, are used by the company in the various departments of the business. I'jnploynicnt is given to thirtv-tive or forty i)ersons and tlie thoroughly u])-to-datc system u.-ed obtains best results in every department. .\ two-story, cement stable on .^ixlli street has been erected by the comjiany to prov'de room for its horses, etc. I'ive teams and five trucks are housed tiiere. The firm has recenti)' added a five-ton iV-erless Motor Truck to its ef|uip- ment which ]x"rmits (|uiek deliveries. The business conducted by W. \'. Egbert & Co. dates i)ack to i88(), when Mr. Egbert inaugurated the enterprise. Later DeW'itt Cook became identified w ith the business, and still more recently. DeW'itt Cook. Jr.. who is the present owner. lie is courteous and alTable to an exce|)tion'i! de- gree, both in his dealings with the publx- and in iiis inter- course with the company's em])loyees. and enjoys the full confidence of the entire business conuuunity. His residence is at 70 Hawthorne aveiuie. luist Orange, whore he occupies a s|)acious. modern house of jjleasing appearance. He is a prominent club man and a public spirited citizen. Faitoute Iron and Steel Co. ^^*6^lW ACCORDl.Xt. to mo.st recent data, during the past year, the L'nited States manufactured iron and steel products which reached the value of $230,725,352. In this enor- mous total Newark has its full share and is one of the bu.sy industrial centres of the nation. .\ chief Newark concern engaged in handling iron and steel products is the Eaitoute Iron and Steel Co.. 180 to 188 Frelinghuysen avemie. This enterprise was started in 1904. the original address being 62 and 64 Lawrence street, but later moved to Frelinghuysen avenue, to secure more rooiu and other advantages. The concern is incorporated and has ample cajjital invested to successfully carry forward its innnerous large undertakings. The president of the company is M. W. Faitoute, the treasurer L. E. Thomp.son and the secretary M. C. Heine. The company handles contracts from many sections of the country and furnishes iron and steel in bars, plates, sheets, etc.. also tin plates (roofing and bright), and kee])s about one hundred employees engaged in all departments of the business throughout the entire year. .\mong the man\" buildings, which, during recent ye.'irs. V IE EB i! a 1 a 'PJi'i •AITOUTK n«).\ .\.\1) STEKI, CO.. FUICI.I XC 1 1 1 VSICN .WIO.V UE. it has furnished steel for the construction of, are Taft Hotel. New Haven ; Mc.Mpine 1 lotel and Woolworth Building, New York City, and Memorial Hall. T'rinceton L'niversity. It also has done nnich important work in connection with the Government docks at Havana harbor and has filled other Government contracts of considerable size and value. The company's new building on Frelinghuysen avenue, which is but recently com]3leted. is a well equipped struc- ture. 120 b_v 250 feet in extent and modern from every point of view both as to exterior appearance and interior equip- ment. The company shiixs from its own plaiU or direct from the mills. 135 James R. Sayre, Jr. G^ Co. TllI'I character of tlic public, private and luisiness build- ings of a city, is a test of its civilization and progress, an index of the enterprise of its citizens. Newark, whose advancement in the building line has been so steady and substantial during the past few years, is a bright illustration of the progress to be seen in most any section of the country to-day. Never in the history of the city has there been such an impetus in building circles, and in her future prospects lies as promising an outlook as in an_\- city of the North. This status of affairs naturally results in putting those concerns handling masons' materials in a place of well- deserved prominence, and conspicuous among this number is James R. Sayrc, Jr., & Co.. an old established house which has rendered efficient service in its special line for more than a generation. Back in 1838 this business had its inception, the founder being "Sir. Sayre, deceased since 1908. In 1857 James S. Higbie, then a mere boy, became connected with the business. His services proved valuable and he displayed a noticeable aptitude for the work, so that in 1869 he became a partner of Air. Sayre. The concern which up to this time had been known as James R. Sayre, Jr., now assumed the title of James R. Sayre, Jr., & Co., under which name business has since been carried on. j\Ir. Higbie is sole proprietor, and is the active head of the enterprise. He is a well-known Newark gentleman, affiliated with various organizations, and interested in movements for the city's advancement. He is a member of the Board of Trade. President of Mt. Pleasant Cemetery Co. and his residence is at 1013 Broad street. The headquarters of the business of James R. Sayre, Jr., & Co. ma_\- be found at the second wharf below Centre street depot, where the best of rail and water transportation facilities are at hand. A ground space 250 by 250 feet in extent is utilized where five buildings and adjoining yards, furnish ample storage for the immense stock of materials always on hand. These include building brick of various kinds, such as hollow brick, light colored and red front brick, enameled brick, ornamental brick made to order, hard and pale brick, tiles, slabs, blocks, etc. In this line, any size or shape will be made to order to meet requirements of the purchaser. The company also has on hand fire clay, sand, mortar, cement, kaolin, fire brick made straight, arched, wedge shape, key jaml>, circulaf, etc. The stock of lime carried includes lime for building and agricultural pur- poses, also for tanners and paper makers. In the plaster department are found calcined and land plaster, marble dust and \\'indsor cement. Roseland and Portland cement are always on hand, as well as plastering lath, hair, white sand, ladders, drain pipe, etc. This company is the local representative of Sayre & Fisher Co.. of Savreville. \. |., manufacturers of brick. lames A. Coe ^ Co. 62, 64, 66, 68, 70 and ^2 Clinton street. This is one of the older and better known business houses of Newark and AN incorporated company in Newark engaged in the dates back to 1869. when Joseph G. Crowell and James A. handling of iron and steel in various forms is that of Coe formed a partnership and traded under the tirni James A. Coe & Co., 106 and 108 Mulberry street and title of Crowell & Coe. In 1900 papers of incorporation were filed, the capital increased to $125,000.00 and plans perfected for a more extensive business. The company is known all over the United States, and enjoys not only first class commercial rating, but the esteem and high regard of all who have entered into busmess re- lations with it. The executive management is vested in a president, vice-president, treasurer and secretary, the. offices being capably filled at present by James A. Coe, Frederick M. Crow- ell. James D. Coe. and Frederick •S. Coe, respectively, the last named gentleman also acting in the capa- city of mechanical engineer. The company maintains a whole- sale and retail department. .\ large warehouse is located at 483J2 and 485''2 Mulberry street; and stables and another warehouse are to be found at /T, Alarshall street. The JAMES A. COE & CO., MULBERRY STREET. co.npauy employs fifty persons. 136 COOK \- r.KXLNG CO. S MAIN OFFICE AND YARD AT jKRSKV STREET. Cook i^ Cjenung Co. A.\|().\'(; the iiiurc extensive business enterprises to good. The company deals in Masons' Materials and carries which space is given in this book, is the Cook & a varied and extensive stock, enabling it to fill large orders Cienung Company, with offices at i6 and i8 Jersey street, witii accuracy and without delay. The yards and build- This business was founded fifty-five years ago by labez ings are large, and from seventy-five to one lunitheil |)crsons find steady emiiloynient there. Contractors and builders exjierience satisfaction in dealing with a house of such character, and u> one acquaiiUcd with its business methods, the growth nf the enterprise is no surprise, ^'aro ( )gden at Cottage maintained at 16 to 18 jersey street, 4,^4 street, 124 to i.^j Lillie street, Newark, street and L. V. R. R., Irvington. Yards are situated so as to be near an_\- building operation in this section. COOK & GENCNG CO. S OGUEX .STREET RRAN'CH. 137 Builders Material Supply Co. Tlll'^ I'luilders' JMaterial Supply Company had its inccp- tioii three years ago when it incorporated with a capital stock of $125,000, wliich was subsequently raised to ors. The conipan\' employs about one hnni Supply L'n. is able to furnish and to give prompt tleliveries on any and all materials required by builders and coutract- iaeople who MAI.X \AH\i, FOOT (II' CENTRE STREET. are well ])aid for their ser\'ices. and have eighty horses and forty trucks whicli are used for carting materials, etc., from the main yards and at the various branches. Another pro- gressive move of the company is the use of distinctive colors on all its buildings, signs, trucks and sta- tionery. The col- ors selected are black and yellow. Henry .\. Sayre holds the office of president, and is EA.Sl OKA.XLiE BRANCH. who resided on Halsey street, opposite Rleecker street, died in his ninety-ninth year. Marcus, son of Moses Sayre, purchased the business 1845, conducted it until his death, ^larch 24, ii)D(> On May I, lyoy, Henry X. Sayre, the grandson of the found- er, and vice-president of the Marcus Sayre Co., organized the Builders" Material Supply Com- pany. It maintains the main office and yards at the wharf ad- joining the Centre street railroad bridge, and has lately procured more property adjacent on the south side, giving nearly double space for a much larger stock. In addition, the company has in rapid succession established branches at 2 Park avenue. East Orange ; Shaw- avenue and h'abyan place. Irvington : 15 Bay street, Mont- clair, where a comjjlete stock is always on hand. With so many well-stocked yards, the Builders" Material iRXixr.idx MONTCL.MK |:KANCH. the only officer of the present company who was interested in the Alarcus Sayre Co. Thomas D. Miller is secretary and treasurer and was formerly treasurer of Miller & Sons Co. Charles R. Trivett is vice-presi- dent of the companv. These gentlemen are public s|jirited citizens and have the interests of the city most thor- ougiil\- at heart. The material used in the new Central Commercial and Manual Training lligh .School on High street, and also the large new I'lamberger store was supplied by this company. Many of the most modern manufacturing and commer- cial plants, which adorn every section of the city, as well as the suburbs, are monuments everlastingly advertising the giiod (juality nf the material which this company has sup- plied friMii time to time to its patrons. 138 \A/ m. H. Barkhorn Co. 1.\ ilic sketches ,u;iven of factories aiul industrial concerns in this ilhistrated vohinie, the aim has been to give plain and accurate statements as to their extent and the character, amount and excellence of the iiroducts they are turning out for the markets, in order that the readers may liave correct information of Xewark's industrial scope and stand- This lirni is ens^aijed in llic manufacture nf dm>rs, door frames, window >.ash. brackets, moulding and inu-rinr trim of all kinds, and sell largely in car load lots to contract- ors. It em])loys a large force of men in its various depart- ments, and maintains a branch est.-dilishment at 324 West Kinney street which aids in facilitating the distribution of ing. There is no concern more worthy of mention in such products, and helps to assure ])urchasers prompt delivery a review, tlian the W'm. 11. liarkhorn Co., occupying the of goods ordered. The large .stock of sash, doors, trim, etc., premises at 22 Savre street. This is one of the concerns which tliis concern has m hand at all times, enables it to w.\i. 11. i;.\kKiioK.\ CO., s.WKi-; siukict. which has stood the test of years, has grown with Newark and pnjvcd itself capable of meeting the demands of a rapidly increasing and ever more critical patronage. The inception of the l)usines.s dates hack to the early fifties, when a modest beginning was made by .\ugster Bros. That firm was succeeded by Rngelberger & Barkhorn in 1881, and the present organizc. Dimham & Son, Inc. The}- came to Newark from Rahwav in 191 1. They occupy the modern building at 44Q. 453 and 435 Central avenue, where they have up-to- date equipment and are in position to accord their patrons most satisfactory service. The com- ])an_\- is engaged in coach, carriage and automobile body work, having a reputation of many \ears back for manufacturing the highest grade of coach work, and thjy are now adding to their laurels in their automobile work. The senior member and president of the company, Erederic \V. Dun- ham, is an expert carriage maker, having learned the trade in his father's workshop, and has been chief execu- tive of the Inisiness for manv success- ful years. He has been associated with the business since 1882, which was started liy his father. D. 1'.. Dunham, in 1863. Eindsay Dunham, represent- ing the third generation, also learned the business from the bottom up. I'irst mastering the mechanical end of the business, then helping in the oflice and learning its details and getting iha'. ]>ractical e.xperience which is so essen- tial to success in anv modern business, lie is sales manager and general superintendent. 142 Tke Heller &* Merz Co. TlllC 1 Idler & A[erz Cnni])any was founded in \S>6() as a l)aitnersliip l)v Frederick i Idler and Henry Merz for tile manufacture of L'itraniarine and became an iiicor])orated com])any in 1888. The manufacture of l'itraniarine was commenced in iS(*j in a small factory at River street. Xew- ark. X. I., the ])la!n consisting of l)ut two furnaces and six mills. In a ,~iiort tin:e the demands outijrew the cai)acity of this ])lant and it became necessary to find larger (|uarters. This was the first successful L'itraniarine factory in the I'nited .States. .\s early as 1830. several attemjits to manu- facture L'itraniarine had been made by oiliers, but these were unsuccessful and operations were soon discontinued. In 1872 ten acres of meadow land on the outskirts of Xewark were purchase\- chemical analysis, also b\- a practical application to the processes in which they are to be used. L'itraniarine is used in the manufacture of paint, paper. l)riiiting inks, in calico jirinting and finishing and tor laun- dry i)urposes. The Coal Tar colors have even a wider ap- plication, being used to dye all kinds of textiles, cotton, wool, jute, silk, etc.. jiajier. leather, as well as in the manu- facture of ])ignient colors and stains. The varied application of the iiroducts of this conipaiu necessitates a special e(|ui])ment of ap])aratus for testing. .\mongst this special equipment is found a set of printing ink rolls for the grinding of ])rinting inks, a press for print- ing the ink so made, a calico press for the jirinting of tex- tiles, and a complete ])aper m.-idiine prnl):d)ly the smallest successfully op- e r a t e d in the w o rid. This s 111 a 1 I niachine will make about live pounds of ])aper, which is ec|uivalent to a sheet 12 inches wide, and about 250 to 500 feet long, de])ending on the thickness of the sheet. I""or y e a r s p a ]) e r makers h a v e come to .Xewark just to see this small paper mill and to satisfy tlienisdves that it really existed and would really make jiaper. To study the 01.. ii.v.MiUKi; ROAD. practical apiili- cation of colors to leather, the laboratories are ec|uip|)ed with miniature "ovens" in which the processes of coloring leather as prac- ticed in the tanneries is closely imitated. In Conclusion it may be well to state that the steady pros- ])erity and po]:)ularity of this old-established house are due not alone to the excellence of its oiit])Ut, but to the pro- gressive methods in use by the management, in fair compen- sation to employees, in promut and accurate shi,]jment of goods ordered to patrons, and straightforward business deal- ings. In short, dependability has been a marked feature in the institution, and one that has played a ])rominent jiart in winning the great success achieved by the company, since its inception. This company has always invited iiis])ection in- to the quality of the goods it manufactures and solicits inquiries upon any subject pertaining to the business by those who are interested. 143 Listers Agricultural Chemical W^orks NI'.W ARK. like many other progressive American cities, cultural Chemical Works, under which name it has grown lia-^ kept pace with the great development and com- to its present magnitude, nicrcial advancement which are characteristic of the age, The company is engaged in the manufacture of bone and in many resjiect-- has outrun those cities which vv^ere fertilizers, bone black, glue, grease, etc., and it is no cxagger- fornierly its leaders in trade. Her business men are ation to say these ])roducts are known and sold all over the LISTERS A(',RirT'r.TUR.\L CIIEMIC.XL WORKS, LTSTICR .WENUE. among the most enterprising, progressive and far-sighted in the country and in almost every line of trade have built up patronage which redounds to their credit. An establishment which has. through its products and its representa- tives, done as much as almost any enterprise in the city to spread the name and fame of Newark over a wide terri- tory, is that of The Listers Agri- cultural Chemical Works. As long ago as 1850, this n o w extensive bu>indss had its rather modest be- ginning. It was f o u n (1 e d b y Alfred and Edwin Lister, and for many vears traded JOHN F. KEHOE. ^,„^,_,; ^,^^ ,^^^„^^ of Lister Brothers. Subsecjuently, about 1885, an incorpo- rated company was formed, with a capitalization of $600,- 000.00, and the business title was changed to Listers .\gri- civilized world. The company possessing long experience and thorough knowdedge of the business, is placing upon the markets of this and other countries, a class of fertilizers which have been proven by actual tests and chemical analyses to be un- surpassed in gen- eral field results. This well-known fact has proved a valuable asset to the company in its business ca- reer, and it is not a matter of sur- prise that an in- creasing volume of business is yearly transacted. The company's plant on Lister avenue covers eighteen acres, a d \' a n t a g e- ously situated, and is equipped with the best ma- chinery, h'our hundred and fifty persons are employed. The officers of the company are President John V. Kehoe and Secretary-Treasurer Harry 15. Carpenter. ll.\l■:K^ ri. c.vrpenter. 144 Murpny Varnish Company M URPHY Varnish Company, both by the volume of its business and the quality of its products, is a manufacturing concern which reflects credit on the City of Newark. The business was founded in 1865 by Franklin Murphy, who has efificiently served in the cajjacity of chief executive since its inception. At first the company made varnish alone — but a few simple kinds of varnish. l-"rom time to time they added other lines of manufacture — Japans and surfacers and Japan colors and oil colors and enamels and stains and Konkreto, until they now put forth a complete list of finishinsj materials for everythinsj that is finished with a brush. Their s/rcat customers are railwav and marine corn- customers. 1 knew that three things would be essential : "First. I must pnnidc ingredients of the l)est quality with which to make the goods — there must be no cheap substituting', for the sake nf selling at a lnwcr (irice. "Second. 1 nuist provide a plant which would be as nearly perfect as it was possible to devise ; and I must adopt all improvements in facilities and mcllKids as increasing business and experience demanded. "Third. Most important of all, 1 must secure a working force, every member of which, in office and laboratory and sales department and process work, should be an enthusiast for Mur])hy N'arnish Company; always alert to do the best thing in the carefnllest way — unist pa\' them so well ;uid M|•Rl•n^• \.\RNisii cl).Ml■.\^^•. Mrw iiokti-.h stki;i:t. panics, architects and builders, carriage and motor car antl piano and furniture mainifacturers — but they provide the finishing tnaterials for about everything that is made of ' wood and steel and leather, and for many things besides. They put out more than two hundred kinds of varnishes and about twelve hundred shades of color, with a like completeness of products in all other branches. The home factory in N'ewark has grown to nearly the size of three city squares; and the establishing of several other factories in Chicago and Cleveland and Montreal. In reply to the question as to what had been his business policy, (Jov. Murphy said: "Every manufacturer must decide upon the kind of patronage to which he will appeal, and stick to that kind. For instance, all kinds of finishing materials are required, from the finest and most durable down to the temporary shines. I decided, at the beginning of the business to make varnish for those who required the best. I had a conviction that the use of best varnishes would cost the user lea.st money in the long run. or even in the short run. Tn order tn satisf\' the demands of mv chosen treat them so well, and give them such chances for special rewards and for promotion, that they would be satisfied." I-'rom the start the interests of the employees have been thoughtfully looked after and they have resjjonded by giving loyal and devoted service. .V number of the eiu- ployees have been with the company more llian thirty years and a number more having reached the age of seventy have retired under the Company's ])cnsion system. It may be fairly claimed that no other manufacturing industry in .N'ewark has done more than tlir .Murphy X'arnish Company to make the city widel\' known. Its advertisements have appeared systematically in jotuMials of national prominence, circulating in every village in the Cnited States. Its traveling staff visit at regular intervals every town in the country of a thousand ]X)]iulation or more, and many towns numbering even less. The important cities of Europe are also care(l for and several of its im- portant brands can be found nn the dealers' and consumers' shelves abroad, with the crjmpany's labels printed in the language of the cmnitrv. hcraldin" the name of Xewark. 14.= Fiske Brotners Refining Co. NI'.W'ARK has long been famous for her progress and for the success of her long established business enter- prises. That she has just cause for congratulation along this line is certain. An industry that has grown with the city in importance until, after forty-two years, it fills a place among the most important manufacturing enterprises of our city is the Fiske Brothers Refining Co. This business had its inception in 1870, when, in a very modest beginning, a co-partnership was formed between Messrs. Geo. N. Weston and Thos. P. Fiske, in New York City, where they opened a place as oil merchants and refiners. The first im- portant change to occur was in 1879. when Mr. .\lfred Teet- sel joined them and established a lubricating grease depart- ment. Seven years later, in 1886, Mr. Weston retired from Thomas P. Fiske served the company as president, until 1899 and upon retiring, this office was filled by Air. I<"rederic B. Fiske. In 1894 Air. Alfred Teetsel was stricken down with severe illness and i:)assed away. His son, Mr. Wm. M. Teetsel, succeeded him as general manager, Mr. George C. Field was elected to the position of secretary, and Air. George P. Fiske to the position of vice-president. In 1909, Air. H. \N'. Hazelton succeeded Air. b'ield as secretary. Air. Hazelton severed his connection with the business in 1911, and was succeeded by Air. F. J. Snyder, the present in- cumbent. Mr. Frerleric B. I-'iske, the president, is a resident of Brooklyn, N. Y., where he is prominently connected with many social and banking interests. He is a director of the FISK1-: i!R(rrHERS refi.xi.xi; co., listicr a\e.\ui;. the business, his interest being purchased by Air. Frederic B. Fiske, a brother of Air. Thos. P. Fiske, who had been connected with the firm for several years. The growth of the business was steady, and to take advantage of larger opportunities opening before them, an incorporated company was formed in 1890, papers of incorporation being filed under the laws of the State of New Y''ork. The company was known as "Fiske Brothers Grease Co.," and it was at this time they established a factory at Newark, located at Lister avenue and Esther street, where, with the addition of a few tanks, they began active operations for a more ex- tended business. In 1898 the company increased its capital, consolidating both interests, and assumed its present title "Fiske Brothers Refining Company," Air. Thomas P. Fiske being president. Air. Frederic B. Fiske. vice-piesident. and Mr. .\lfred Teetsel. secretary and oeneral mana2:er. Mr. Dime Savings Bank of Brooklyn, and also of the Alarket & Fulton National Bank of New York, and many other cor- porations. The general manager of the company. Air. Wm. AI. Teetsel, resides in jersey Cit\'. where he is highly es- teemed, lie has been an active member of the Newark Pioard of Trade for the la^t five years. In order to better handle the company's still increasing business, a sales department was organized in 1909 and Mr. L. H. Atkinson was given the position of sales manager, which office he still holds. He was elected a director of the company in December, 191 1. The plant of the company is located at the intersection of Lister avenue and Lockwood street, occupying property to the extent of several acres. L'pon this property have been erected five buildings, all of modern equipment, for the manufacture and handling of lubricating oils and greases. 146 The original building was a wooden structure. 50 x 100 feet, and the growth of the business is evidenced by the erection, as stated above, of five buildings, running in size from 20 x 30 feet, to 50 X 150 feet. There was established at the plant a thoroughly equipped laboratory with Mr. I'^ernand A. Courtois as chief chemist, and an assistant. There is con- templated at the present time the erection of an additional building. Excellent shipping facilities are maintained, as the company has in operation a spur from the Xew jersey Central Railroad tracks running into their yards. A suite of well ec|uipped offices is occupied by the com- pany at 24 .'^tate street, Xew York City, where the execu- tive and clerical branches of the business are conducted. Their products embrace a full line <>f all grades of lubricating oils and greases for every inirpose, together with a line of specialties, such as harness dressings, soluble oils, etc. They also deal extensively in all grades of animal and vegetable oils. The comjiany has developed a large foreign business, and their products are equally as well known in the markets of the world as in the home trade. The Comjiaiiy has lately started a brick structure 40 x 100 feet, which will be used as a cooperage to accommodate its increasing business. Williain K.och & Sons IX fmure ages, historians writing of this period will doubtless describe it as an era of beautiful and service- able book bindings. i'rominent among the factors active in doing the better kind of book binding in this section is William Koch & Sons, with headquarters at 61 to 65 Xew Jersey Railroad avenue, corner Hamilton street, this having been the address for some thirty years. This business had its inception in iS(>5. undi-r the name of .Mbrecht & Koch, and was later ac(|iiired by William Koch, Sr. lie now has as.sociated with him, his two sons, William Kocii. Jr., and i'aul 11. Kocii, who are both practical book binders, having learned the business in every detail under instructions of their fatiier. .\li kinds of book-s arc bound here, including tine l)in(Iings in all styles. Orders are received from all over the L'nited States, and it is nothing uiuisual to receive orders as far away as Cali- fornia and tiu- extreme SoiUiiern .States. Two lloors with an aggregate of 15,000 s(iiuire feet of floor s])ace, which is replete with most modern machinery. The binding of this book w'as done bv the above tlrm. Hanovia Chemical &' Mfg Co. I.V the sketches oi institution>, tactorie>, and indus'.rial concerns given in this book. "Xewark. the City of in- dustry," the aim is to give plain and accurate statements as to their extent, and as to the character, amount, antl excel- lence of the products they arc turning out for the markets, in order that the readers may have some correct informa- tion of Xewark's industrial scopt» and standing. li.\NOVl.\ CHK.M1C.\L & .\11-G. CO., X. J. K.MLKO.\U .WIZNUE. There is no attem])t at ])nrfer\. but all tacts and figures given are from tirst liand and |X'rsonal inter- views. It is impossible, within the limits of this pub- lication, to ])rcsent in detail all llie city's industrial institutions, but among those worthy of note is the 1 lanovia Chemical and Manufacturing Com])any ; organized and in- corporated in 1905. This business is located at 235 Xew Jersey Railroad avenue, at the intersection of Chestnut street. Here the comi)any is engaged in the manufacture of ii(|uid bright gold and lustre a commendable reputation. Two floors comprising 100 by 250 feet in dimensions, are used l)y the com- pany in the manufacture of these goods, and tiie most im]M"oved modern ])rocesses are employed. The pay roll contains the names of about twenty jxTsons who are given employment of various kinds, and to the iminiliated the work is novel and interesting, as well as of such a nature as to require skill of a hiyh class. The men of business capability and keen iiuellect who developed and still manage this enterprise are Ciias. Engelhard, President and Treasurer, who resides in Xew ^'ork City, and Willielm Riehl. Sec- retary, of Xewark, The company has a membership in the Board of Trade. New York office at 30 Church Street, where Mr. Engelhard, the president, makes his headquarters. 147 Robmson-Roders Company AN eminent writer has said, "If a man write a better book, preach a better sermon or build a better mouse trap tiian his neighljor, even though he build his house in the wiHids, the world will make a beaten path to his door." Jt is the same basic principle which governs success in the business world nf to-day, and the consensus of opinion is that well-directed, conscieiUious effort is the foundation stone of efficiencw and, supplemented by reliable, superior wiirkmanship, is boiuid tn win recognition everywhere. Jn a conununity such as this, which is the site of so many manufacturing enterprises, it is an indisputable evidence of good management, and strictly high class products, when any concern attains the distinction and reputation accorded the Robinson-Roders Co. Xot only is this company one of the most widely known of Newark's many enterprises, Ijut it is a combination of the largest and oldest feather factories iu the world, viz ; that of William H. Robinson, established in r)rookl_\'n twenty-five >'ears ago, and that of August Roders, established in llerlin, (iermany, iu \~no. The company handles feathers in their raw and manufac- tured state, Downs, Kapok, Processed Silk Floss, and manu- factures Ilanasilk, Silk Floss Mattresses, Down and Silk Moss Cushions, Boat Cushions, Feather Sectional Mattresses and "Restwel" New Feather and Down Pillows. An incorporated cnmpan\ was formed in March, if>')^. with ample capital stock, and a constantly increasing busi- ness has been the result. The company's officers are men widelv known in the business world for their executive ability and enviable position as head of this unique enter- prise. William H. Robinson, of Brooklyn, N. Y.. is presi- dent, Clarence H. "\'oung, of West Xutley, X. J., vice-i)resi- dent, Alexander X'eitch, of New \'ork City, treasurer, and Thomas Nelson, Jr., of New York City, secretary. In these modern days when the lives of the vast majority of people are filled with almost ceaseless activity of some kind, either on business or pleasure bent, a comfortable night's rest is a ]50sitive essential to health and happiness, hence the importance of the right kind of pillows and mattress. We in .America, cannot submit ourselves to the furnishings used by many people in foreign lands. The very illustration of a Ja])anese sleeping block hollowed out just enough to jjermit the neck being adjusted, suggests weari- ness and lack of repose to us. Neitlier does the ( iermau's idea of comfort coincide with ours, with their pillows half the size of a mattress and stuffed so hard that al)out the only benefit the tired traveler nly and occupying about 400 square feet of space m a basement, corner of Broadway and Houston street. New York City. About the end of the first year the business was moved to a little larger basement at 603 Broadway, which was outgrown, necessitating another move to 679 r>roadway. In 1902 the style of the firm was changed to Bal & Park. .'Kn old barn and wagon shed was secured in Passaic and converted into a factory with a working force of four men. ing of 13.000 s(juare feet floor space was purchased. This building, located at Johnson street and X. J. R. R. avenue, forms the nucleus of the present rial factories. In 1901) a third store was opened at 4 West 22d street which from the first has been a pronounced success. The firm again found themselves cramped for room, and in 1910 the surroimding j)roperty, constituting half a block, was purchased. On this a modern six-story building with an additional 42,000 square feet of space was erected. In January, 1911, the firm started their Auto Luggage Department, in which thcv manufacture a distinctive line of Auto Trunks. This branch, while young, is rapidly assum- Wll. 1,1AM i'..\L, INC., JOHNSON STREET. This buildmg was enlarged from time lo time to take care of the ever increasing business. In C_)ctober, 1904, Mr. Park withdrew from the firm and Mr. Bal again took sole charge. The theatrical branch of the business began to grow in 1905, and at that time a store was opened in 40th street to handle this trade. This business has grown steadily, necessitating larger cpiarters and the present u|)to\vn store at 145 West 45th street, is doing a flourishing business. The business had now grown to such proportions that considerable money was needed to finance it. To this end Mr. .\ndrew Peck, formerly of Peck & Snyder, was called on and in .Xjiril, 1906, the business was incori)orated under the name of \\'illiam Bal, Inc. with, a paid in ca|)ital of ?50,- 000, Mr. I'eck being president and Air. I'.al secretary and treasurer. The Passaic projierty was outgrown in 1907 and the business was moved to Newark, where a three story build- ing proportions that will necessitate the ac^iuiring of more space in the near future. In Ma}-, 1911, the business of Krick, Burger & Co. was purchased and combined with the firm's bag department, making a high grade line of traveling bags and suit cases. A further addition of 33,000 square feet was erected during 191 1, and at this time the paid in capital stock was increased to $100,000. The business now covers a floor space of approximately 90,000 square feet. In order to handle the local jiersonal trade, a retail show- room was opened at 14 P>ranf mercantile ami industrial establishments and frum this point of view Xewark stands in a most favorable light in the public eye. A very large percentage of tlie business itistitutions (jf the cit_\- are in a flourishing condition and show from year to year a gratifying growth. IVominent among this class of business establishments is that conducted by the firm of .\. Hollander & Son. dyers and dressers of furs. This is one of the oldest established business Iiouses of Xewark. dating back to i88y, and has experienced a remark- able growth. The origin of the business was at yo Polk Street, when Adolph llollander. senior member of the jires- Unite in contrast with the ei|ui[)nicnt u>ed al the >larl of the business is that now seen. The necessary power is furnished by two engines, generating four hundred horse power, and everything about the factory is up-to-date. Twelve horses and eight wagons are in use. The business stands among the leaders in the fur industry, and is mentioned in the trade journals in a highly compli- mentary manner. The memlx-rs of the tirm are Adolph llollander, his sons, llarry llollander. Michael llollander and r.enjamin W. llollander, and his >on-in-law. Allien llollander. llarry llollander started with his father at the origin ni ihc busi- ness. Michael llollaii well managed and its growth has been without interru])tion, until to-day it is recognized as one of the largest fur dressing and dyeing establishments in the world. The present head<|uarters arc on l£ast Kinney Street, where a group of fourteen buildings may be seen, all used in various departments of the enterprise. The numbers on East Kinney Street run from 127 to 159 inclusive, where more than three hundred thousand square feet of floor space is utilized, all the larger and more important buildings being brick. The number of employes at work varies with the season to some extent, during busy times as many as four hundrcd and fifty persons are employed. 1897. ''"*' l>cnjamin in njoj. Albert llollander has been associated with the business the past five years. Mr. Hollander, senior, is a well known figure in the busi- ness world, and outside of business interests, his name is held in kind remembrance because of his generous support of various charitable in^titutions. I le is a philantlu-npisi and takes delight in doing good to many of the ]:oor and dis- tressed. The younger men in the business have had the advantage of first-class schooling under Mr. Hollander's wise supervision, and are well prepared to assume the duties of the establishment. The firm is active in advancing the interests of Newark, and is a member of the Xewark LSoard of Trade as well as other local organizations. The financial rating of this firm, as may be judged without further comment, is of the highest. ItI Hudson Hat Mfg. Co., Inc. THE bu.sinu.ss men of Newark ctjiinected with il'- inaiui- facturing interests have every reasiii to lie pmud of its attainment along this line. Xot only does onr city stand first in Xcw Jersey in this respect, hut she rivals the sister nitzcr, a higlil_\- esleenK'n)gress of a business concern for many consecutive vears is found in the organization of the j. Rummell Co. This had a rather unpretentious beginning when, in 1873. several young men. each with .$100 to invest, started a small co- operative business. The location selected was on .\cadem\' .-treet. and with what facilities they could get together, tliev started the manufacture of hats. Wisdom in managing this enterjirise. fair dealing with all with whom lliev traded. and careful attention to details, soon won for tlie concern a good name, and prosjierity came as a reward. In 1891, an incorporated compain was formed, and the capital in- creased to $200,000. The present corj) of officers consists of: ]iresi- dent. Jacob Riimmell ; secretary, Wilson I,. Jenkins, and treasurer, .Mfred '!'. Rnmmell, all of whom are Xewark gentlemen, occupving iiigh positions in induslria! and financial circles. The present location of the Inisi- ness is at a corner of Pennington and Dawson streets, where the con- cern utilizes four buildings, the main building being a three-storv brick structure. Hats are manufac- f*"! -v M tured along most approved modern ||i|JH I'liL-s and sold direct to retailers ^ J 'iRjHf throughout the United States, from "^t^MTi ^ Uli whom there is a large demand for VpQfi ^S. ''■'^^^ '^^'s- T"o hundred and fifty operatives arc regularly employed in the conduct of this useful branch of the manifold industries carried on so successfully in this city. 'o,J Tke Mansfiela Company STAI'ISTICIAXS claim, and with evident justifica- tion, that Newark has more chversified industries than any other city in the country, and while there is invested in manufacturing enterprises throughout the state more than 715 millions of dollars, Newark has 130 millions of this amount. Xo complete enumera- tion of our varied nianufactiu'ed products is possible m this volume. The jMansfield Company has been doing business since 1891, and has ex]3erienced an almost uninter- rupted growth. It occupies the premises at 227 High street at the intersection of Hoyden place, where it utilizes three floors aggregating 16,500 square feet of floor space. Here the Company is engaged in the manufacture of Mansfield's Choice 5c Pepsin Chewing Giniis, also a large assortment of high grade ]ienn\- gums, always maintaining the same high standard of quality, which together with the extensive advertising these goods receive annually, tends to place them among the leading sellers of the day. The Pure I-'ihmI Law is strictly observed in the manufacture of these goods, only the best ingredients being used. Its pro- ducts are distributed through the jcibbing trade, and enjoy the distinction of being sold in all first-class stores throughout the country. The officers of the Company are. bred W. Leef, of New York City, president and treasurer: .\liram S. Post, of New THE .MANSFIKLD COill'ANV, HIGH STKEKT. York, vice-president : treasurer, and Tohn 1 b'rederick J. Warburton, assistant Chapman, of Irvington, secretary. 1 ne Bascn (^ Oreenfield Co. IT is not onlv surprising, but interestuig as well, to olj- ser\'e Imw nuich can be achieved by the virtues of energy, intelligence and well directed effnrt, no matter what de- partment I if industry thev may be applied to. A cnncern which has been growing steadily frnm year to _\'ear, is The Rasch & Cirecnfield Co., manufacturers of shoddies and flocks and dealers in wool stock. The business Ijegan in a rather small wa_\- in 1885. but by fair dealing and commend- able methods, had gained so much within a few years that ni i88<). an incorporated company, with $100,000.00 capital, was formed. The founders of the enterprise were Chas. J. Pasch and Leo D, Greenfield. The officers of the com- pany at present are: President, Al. H. ISaumgarten, who re- sides in Hoboken : vice-president, F. L. Murdock, of Wor- cester, Alass., and secretary-treasurer, Chas. J. Basch, of New York L'ity. They are alert and progressive business men who liave the respect of the coiumunity. The com]3any's plant consists of ten buildings, 28 to 46 Summer Ave- nue, 59 to 67 Seventh .V venue and No. 58 Crane Street, there being an acre of ground space in use. The corporation owns all the land and buildings, which ar,' equipped with the most modern machincr\' and also has its own electric light plant, and gives employment to over one hundred persons. Its prdilucts are well and favor- ably known {n ilie trade through- out the country. This is one of the concerns which helps to make Newark ])rosperous, as its help THE B.-\SCH \ GREEXEIEI.I) CO., SE\ENTH A\T:.\L'E. Steady employment. 154 M. \V. Simonson Co. IX every branch of trade and commerce certain firms, corporations and companies stand out from tlie rest and are generally recognized as thoroughly representative of the best interests in their line. Such a house is the M. W. Simonson Co., a concern that commands a position in the very best ranks of Newark's dealers in hay. grain and feed. This business was started in 1888. by M. W. Simonson. who has ever since been identified witli it. and has been instrumental in developing it to its present prominent jiosi- tion. The company is now an incorjiorated concern with $125,000.00 capital, and occupies commodious quarters at 118 and 120 I-Velinghuysen avenue. Mr. Simonson is i)resi- dent of the company and James Mull is the efficient secretary-treasurer, an estimable citizen of Newark, with residence at 69 Alpine street. The M. W. Simonson Company is shipi)er and receiver of grain, hay. straw, mill feeds and produce, and have elevator, mills and storehouses on the I.ehigh X'alley Railroad. ISe- side its main office on I'relinghuysen avenue, it maintains a branch office at I'emi \'an. .\. \'. The many years of e.\perience in this particular line has gained for the company a broad knowledge as to the most desirable markets for obtaining choice farm products of the nature handled, which enables the com|)any to serve its patrons with the best that the market atTords. The company takes a ])ardonable pride in (|uick deliveries. It holds a membershi]) in the New ^'ork rnuluce I-lxchange. A. Shifman UT* Bro. THERE are a great many lines of goods manufactured in Newark and elsewhere which appeal to only a small number of persons, but to this general remark the firm of A. .Sjiifman & P.ro. is a noted exception. The\- are placing on the market a class of ])roducts which arc of interest to peo])le of all conditions, and which are earning a good name in the wide territory through which they are sold. The business of .\. Shifman iK: llro. was established in 1900 at Elizabeth])ort. but later was moved to its pre^icnt l(X-ation. 2-,-2~ Shii)man street. Newark. The meml>ers of this firm ;ire Aliraham Shifman and Samuel Shifman. i)oth of whom have many friends in this city. They are classed among our successfid and enterprising manufacturers and have most encouraging prospects for future years. The goods made at this factory are all kinds of mattresses and bedding, and to i)ro]K'rly execute this work suitable machinery has been installed. Mattresses in several sizes are made of excelsior, cotton, felt, hair ane in Newark which has been in ojieration so many consecutive years and which is so generally known throughout the civilized world as that of .\. W. I'aber. While practicall\- everybody associates the name I'aber with a lead pencil, there are com|)aratively few i)ersons who think of this produce as an outimt of a factory locate found the salesrooms of the firm, the general offices having been moved to the faetiiry in this city. The original location of the fac- tory was at the corner of Orange ^- . ^v -:v- - and High streets. It now iiccui)ies a fine modern building of bricU constrncticn and is equipped in a most n])-to-date manner. The liusiness carried on is the manufacture nf infants' and children's wear, specifically dresses and skirt--. This firm has far more than a local reputation, as it is known all over the L'nited States. Can- ada and I'.ritisli Columbia. Tt makes the highest grade of infants' wear in this cnun- try, and has over one Inmilred employees. Recently there has been (|uite a trade developed in the new possessions df the Cniteil States — Hawaiian Nlands. Offices are also maintained in San Francisco. iN'KW .\IU< EML!K0IUI';i':V WIlRKS, Sllll'.MAN SIKl'IKT. JAUURG & BERNII.\K1), ll-.\TK.\L .WICX fl-.. Ne^varK EmDroiaery Works AC(_)NCL1\.\' in .Newark engaged in manufacturing, is kn(.iwn a> the Newark Embroidery Works and occupies commodious quarters at 78-82 Shipman street. Since 1881 this enterprise has been a feature in local industrial circles and during recent years, has given employment to aljnul twn liundred nperatives. The i)lant consists of three Ijuild- ings and an extension, affording a total of 200,000 square feet of floor space, for offices and manufacturing. Here are manufactured a line of handkerchiefs and embroideries which include a great variety of goods and which find their way into many cities of the land. Distri- bution of the handkerchiefs and em- brdideries is made through jubbers and large retailers. The company maintains offices at 415 liroadwaw New York City, from which point sales are made, and much of the business of the ciincern transacted. I'he men whose capital, brains and energy have developed this enterprise and who still are the sole pr(i|)rietnr^ ai'e 1 lernian iM.irnemann, Sr., \\m. \. I'ldrnemaim and Herman Borne- m;inu. Jr., sons of Herman Txirne- mann. Thev are Newark gentle- men of acknowledged business ca- ])abilities and financial standing prominently figuring among the leading manufacturers nf embroid- ery. The family residence is at 574 1 1 it'll street. 156 General J3aking Co. OXI-; (if the busiest industries in ali busy Xewark is the (ien- eral Hailing Com])any's jilant at 244 ti) J50 \\'a\erly avenue. Tiiis con- cern is part i)t a large business con- ducted under the same title with head |uarters at 30 Church street, Xew \'ork L'ity. The Xewark de- partment was founded in June. 1902. by Messrs. George l\. Nicholas. Jose])li. Jr.. and John X. Weber, rile ])reniises occupied and known as the Weber I'.akery contains over 42.000 stpiare feet of tloor space and extends from W'averly aveiuie in Wiuans avenue. The various sections of the ]>uilding. two stories in lieight are /^ x 108. 75 X fK). and 66 .\ 60 ft. in dinien- sion>.. to which in 1910 a three- story addition was built. whiL-h was found necessary to meet the de- ruands of the business. The present baking cajiacity is 350,000 loaves of bread ])er week. Two general deliveries are ma destructive bleaches or other hannful materials are jjermitted to be used, in wliich respect this plant is distinctly different from IMPKRIAr, L.\l M1K1 (llM|■\^^ ipi Lii .wi.M I-: A.M) soriii 14T11 sTUiarr. the great majority of laundries. Third. The jjlant is the best lighted and best vemil;il<.d in the city. I'.ecause of this fact, and because it pays the highest wages of any laundry in this vicinity, botli for in- side and outside em|)lo\ces, the very best class of hel]) are attracted to it. Tliese, with the efficient otficc force and delivery service makes a combinatitm that accounts for the exceptional success and popularity of the company. J. Cnem ^ Company A.\" interesting and widely varied class of i)ro(lucts are being made at the up-to-date factory of J. Chein & Company, located at the intersection of Passaic and Reynolds avenue. Harrison Station, Newark. This business has been in successful o])eration for about ten years, and moved in J. CHEIN" & CO.MI'A.NV, HARRI.SOX STATIO.V May, ujio, to its present location from 413 and 415 West ['•roadway. Since acquiring its own ])lant the company con- structed a necessary addition to its factory and also a large metal decorating plant to do its own decorating. The com- pany now does all of its own W'ork. with the exception of making tin plate, and even makes its own i);Kking bo.xes and the cases. 'i"he articles mainifactured are Steel Toys and -Metal .Advertising .Xovelties of num- erous kinds. The company has the rei>utation of making the mci>t per- fect toy of any concern of its kind iti the country. The com])any owns the land, fac- ^— - tory buildings and entire e(|uipment. M V The buildings have an aggregate of =5v •~-— 75.000 scjuare feet of floor space. J I ^ The company emi)loys over 200 hands. I \ The concern w-as incorporated in ,"^ I ^ 1903 for $5,000, later increased to rj 1 J m^^^ $25,000. This is its nominal cai)ital ■' tSt" _J^^^^B st(jck. the actual investment being over $150,000. The pre.Mdent i> lulius Chein and the secretary and treasurer E. 11. Cliein. who reside in .\lontclair. .X. J. The output is sold through large jobbing houses and sales agents and to -some of the largest retailers. 159 Oriental Rug Co. THIS i> the peril h1 in the hi^tor\' of our counlry when we are recovering from our extravagance and learn- ing the wisdom of making useful things from what had been formerly iliscarded. Take for example a concern like the Oriental Rug Co. Here the visitor may see beautiful rugs of durable i|uality being made from what in former years had been legarded as worthless. This company has been doing an increasing business since i8y8 and has earned a first-class name in the business world. The sole owner and manager of this enterprise is John .\. White, who is recognized as a progressive business man and a valuable citizen who has the respect of the puh'.ic. The Oriental Rug Company's plant is on llackett Street, opposite 250 Plane Street, where two floors are occupied and a total of thirty persons given employment. Here rugs of many sizes, colors and designs are manufactured from old carpets, at a figure which is but fair, and which makes the rug cost the owner much less than its real value. The companv has its own wagons which call for and deliver free in Newark, :\Iontclair, Elizabeth, Harrison, Irvington, lUoomfield, < ilcn Ridge, \>rona. Cedar Crove, Caldwell, Jersey City, Bayonne and all the Oranges. The kinds of carj^ets used in making rugs include iu- grain, brussels, tapestry, wilton, velvet, and stair carpet. Chenille curtains and portieres are also used, and the fin- ished rug is usually a surprise and always a good invest- ment to all owners. The territory over wdiich this com- pany operates includes many sections not lifted above, and carpets are frequently received by freight from consider- able distance. A folder containing jirices, shipping in>^truc- tions, etc., may be obtained by any interested party upon application. Jersey Paving Corporation IX tins era of nation-wide interest in good road^ and unproved public highways, it is not surjirisjig that the concerns engaged along this line should be among the busi- est of industries. One of the local business houses thus engaged is the Jerse\- I'aviug Ccrjjoration, with head- quarters at 127-135 l-"relinghuysen avenue. This corpora- tion had its start in ii;05, and the following members have been interested in it ^ince then: F. E. D. Keplinger, who is president and treasurer of the compan\-, U.S. Reukert, who is vice-president, and M. Teter, who is secretary. These are prominent jjeople who are alert and progressive and have a well established reputation for integrity of business methods. They are actively interested in the city's growth and development and in hearty accord with those move- ments advanced for this purpose. Air. Keplinger, a native of Ohio, came from Canton to Newark in 1910. Mr. Renkert still resides in Canton. Al. I'eter is a native of Newark. The compau)- does a general contracting business and deals in paving brick and block, builders' supplies and masons' materials. It undertakes and carries to a satis- factorv completion large contracts in road and street work, and has the largest equipment in Newark for this line of business. It employs a large force of men and is ready at short notice to begin work in its line anywhere. The contracts which the company has handled reflect great credit on its ability and excellent management. Jos. J. Messer JOS. J. MF.SSER, Cl^NTKAI. .WKNUK. ANY enter])rise making products used to beautify the home, deserves a position in the front ranks of a city's business interests. Such a concern in Newark is conducted by Jos. J. Messer. at 457 to 463 Cen- tral avenue. This business was begun by the present proprietor in 1897 and has experienced an almost uninter- ru])ted growth and expansion. The line of work engaged in is that of cabinet work, mantels and tiling. .\ny property owner who desires to see beauty and comfort in his home, cannot fail to be interested in an inspection of the goods here made and shown. .Ar- tistic mantels in various designs are dis- pla\ed, and their rarity covers every class needed in the cosy cottage or the stately mansion. The business is car- ried on in the building containing 12,- coo sq. ft. of floor space at the ab:ive number built and owned by .Mr. Mes- ser, and is thoroughly ecjuipiieil for the economical and rapid turning out of an\' product in this line. Some of Newark's ])rettiest homes contain cal)i- net work, mantels, tiling, etc., which came from this establishment and have always been a source of pleasure to the t)wner. '^*^*<»*;a 160 T Morris Mfg. Co. IIK geographical position uf New- ark makes it a strong maiuifac- turiiig and distributing centre, and its products are known over all civilized portions of the globe. One of the old established concerns of the city is that of the Morris Manufacturing Co. now occupying the premises at lo to 18 Cross street. This business en- terprise was established over thirty- eight years ago, the original firm be- ing Morris & Clark, and the loca- tion of the business being at that time on Morris and Essex R. R. avenue-^. This continued for a time and when a change became necessary a move was made to 416 Broad street, and the present title, the Morris Manufac- turing Co., was taken. The enterprise began at this time to be under the direct management of Benjamin Mor- ris, the father of the present owner. Upon his death, in Xovembcr, in for ])roducing superior photo engravings, including half-tones, line cuts, wood engraving and designing. It has the advantage of new and proper ec|uipment, thus assuring highly satisfactory results in all branches of the work. The men at the head of this enterprise are John II. llagen, president, and l-"rcderick (label, secretary. The cuts used in this book were made hv this comnanv. .NEW JERSEY ENGRAVING CO., IXC, 280-284 I'L.\.N'K STREET. 161 NV^illiam Gaucn &' bon A BUSINESS which is typical of .\c\vari<, a progressive and growing city, is that carried on liy Wihiani ('laucli iK- Son, at 61 to 65 Xew Jersey Railroad avenue. it is more than three decades since this enterprise was started. The original location was at the intersection of East Mechanic and I'.ruen streets. Here the business re- mained until 1904, when it was moved to its present loca- tion, Cn-65 New Jersey Railroad avenue. The i)roprietors are William Gauch and Walter Gauch, both Newark gentle- men, the former residing at 474 Aft. Prospect avenue, the latter at 217 llelleville avenue, and both held in high esteem in Inisiness anil social circles. While the enterprise with which they are connected is an extensive one. furnishing emiiloyment to seventy-five persons, efforts are now under way for the enlargement of the busi- ness, to meet the demands of a rapidly growing patronage. Two floors, aggregating 10.000 square feet of floor space are utilized, and are well equipped for the work in hand. The business is the making of jjaper boxes, and the pro- duct is widely diversified, including boxes of many sizes, styles, colors, and c|ualities. During the many years these goods have been on the market thev have won for themselves a reputation which is a valuable asset to the firm. A traveling salesman is regu- larly employed who looks after patrons' wants in Newark, New York and Elizabeth. The Progressive Paper Jjox Co. Tlll'^RE has never been a period in tlie world's history when there was such a demand as at present for con- tainers for the various products jiut on the market by the vast number of manufacturers. ISoth sanitary reasons and the tlesire to have goods pleasing to the eye. make the de- mand for boxes of all kinds unprecedented. One of the big and busy Newark concerns is The I'ro- gressive Pajjer ISo.x Co.. organized and incorporated in 1901 ; its location at that time was on New Jersey R. R. Avenue. The officers of the com])any, and the men whose means and brains have develoi)ed this enterprise are: President, Max Schift'enhaus ; secretary-treasurer, Nathan Schwartz, both of whom are favorably known socially. In lyo" The Progressive Paper Box Co. moved its plant to the building at the corner of Seventeenth avenue and Poyd street, where it occupies three floors with an aggre- gate of 17.400 s(.|uare feet of floor space. Here busy men and women turn out i)aper boxes of all descriptions and almost everv shaiie, size and color may be seen in the pack- ing room where the finished jiroduct starts on its journey to many states and cities and eventually find themselves in manv widely scattered homes. There are one hundred and twentv persons regularly em])loyed here. Beside paper boxes, a considerable business is done in making wood cases. The capital invested in the enterprise is $25,000 and the outlook is highlv encouraging. Specialty Paper J3ox Co. apei industry, with the modern, perfected machinery used, now in operation in Newark and other Inisiness centers. Tl 1 !■: i)eople of a few generations ago, if they could re- One of the city's busy factories is that known in the com- visit the scenes of their labors, would be filled with mercial world as the Specialty Paper Box Co., which was amazement and delight, could they see the many hives of formerly known, when started in 1893, as Gordon & Kras- cow, Eor several years it has been operated by an incorporated com- pany, papers of incorporation hav- mg been filed in 1899, $25,000 be- ing put into the enterprise. The president, treasurer and general manager of the organization is Joseph A. Krascovv, who is a New- ark gentleman, and an excellent ex- ample of a business man who has won success through his able and indefatigable efforts. The plant is now at 181-189 Chestnut st., running through to \'esey St., and the building is three stories in height. There are one hundred persons employed, and paper bo.xes of' all kinds are manu- factured. These goods are distribu- ted over (|uite a territory, and while large quantities are used by local merchants, much is shipped to New York, Rochester, N. Y., and Balti- SPECIALTY P.VPER P,OX COMPANY, CHESTNUT STREET. more, Md. 162 Penn Paper Box Co. THAT Newark possesses iiinisual advantages as a mami facturing site, is proven beyond dispute, and the pres- ence in this city of so many newly estabhslied industries, which are ahiiost without exception in a prosperous con- (Htion, is a fact which tends to strengthen tliis claim. One of the industries inaugurated witliin recent years is the Penn Paper Uox Co.. located at tiie intersection of Hamil- ton and McW'horter streets. This is an incorporated com- l)any capitalized at $50,000.00. It was started and incorpo- rated in February, 1 9 10, ajid the business is confined to the manufacture of paper boxes of various kinds. There are unnmubered uses for paper boxes in these days, and a wide field of activity is open before this company. One feature of the business is the making of special sizes or designs of ])a|)er boxes to fill onlers, in which de])artment quite an extensive trade has been Iniilt up. The company (jccui)ics one fioor at the above nunilKT. where it has 4.500 square feet of fl(x)r space, and new and up-to-date maciiinery lias been installed to expedite produc- tion and minimize cost. Thirty jjcrsons are em])loyed. The ])resi(lcnt of the comi)any is Edwin J. Schocttle, the secretary. William C Schocttle. and the treasurer-manager. !•". B. Siegfried. The last named gentleman has had years of experience in the jjai^er box line, and is deservedly popular with the trade. Messrs. Schocttle have also had a wide ex|)cricncc in the manufacture of ]ia|)cr boxes, and have the confidence of their business associates. Henry N. Doolittle Willi ihc onward march of civilization more Iteed is each year given to the observance of the laws of sanitation and the general public is demanding that all food stuffs, drugs and indeed manufactured articles of all descriptions shall he placed on the market in as cleanly and attractive a manner as possible. In pursuance of this idea there is a constant demand for wood boxes, paper boxes and cartons in which merchandise is to be marketed. A manufacturing concern engaged in producing bo.xes of various kinds is that of which Henry X. Doolittle is the proprietor and manager. This enlrrprise is located at 31 Bruen street, this being at a corner of I'ruen and Hamilton streets. The business was established in 1870 by Mr. Doolittle, at 271 Market street and was moved to the i)resent address in 1888. .A. five-story building, affording ai)proxi- malely 15.000 square feet of floor space, is in use at tiiis location, and the business is in a llourishing condition. The out|)Ut consists of wood and paper Ijoxes of every descrip- tion, all being sold in and around Newark. The persons emi)loyed number from thirty to fifty, ac- cording to the season, llie l.irger number being re(|ui'"ed for the fall and winter trade. The employes are an intelli- gent class of workers, ])ro(lncing a sujjerior line of ])rodncts from carefully selected stock. Mr. Doolittle has been a resident of Newark for the past forty years, and is iielil in high esteem here. He is a native of C"onnecticnt. bcniTTenhaus i3rotners O Max SchifFenhaus. In 181^3 .Ma.x ScliilfenlKius witiidrew and William Schiffenhaus continued under tlie same name \ !•! of the city's well-oiabli.shed manufacturing ])lants of SchifFenhaus Bros., making extensive imi)rovements in which has had its share in building u]) the prestige of Newark is the business of Schift'enhaus Bnjs.. which was started in 1895. ''^^ members of the firm being William ami X sciiifi"i;nii.\u.s p.rothkrs, .north 4x11 A.vn dickersox sts. the works. He is the sole pro])rietor, and prominently known to all in tlie trade. William .SchilTenhaus is a native of Newark, and ranks among the city's ])rogrcssive busi- ness men and public s])irite(l citizens. Their original location was in .Vcad- emy street, but in 1909 the business was moved to the present address at the corner of North 4lh and Dickerson streets. There a three- story building with a frontage of 145 feet on 4th street and 100 feet on Dickerson street is owned and occupied by the "concern. Mr. Schififenhaus gives his ])ersonal supervision to the business and sees that all jiatrons are accorded fair and courteous treatment. The enterprise is engaged in the manufacture and sale of wood and paper boxes of all kinds, making a particular specialty of paper and wood cases for the hat trade. The l)roduct is disposed of to the gen- eral trade and finds a market in several cities. 163 beeley 1 ube ty 13ox Company WJIILE statistics show that hut live ])i'r cent, of the world's population are within our ixinlers, thirty-five [jer cent, of tlie total number of the world's manufactories are located in the United States. This wonderful industrial activity, due in a measure to our extensive and varied natural resources, is directly accountable to the executive ability, financial acumen and energy of our manufacturers. As a manufacturing center, Newark stands prominentl\' in the jjuhlic eye. not only on account of the volume but the wide diversit\' of its manufactured products. The output of the Seeley Tube & l>ox Company, consist- ing as it does of paper boxes, paper tubes, paper cans, paper cores and paper specialties of unusual construction, is required to a considerable extent by many of the manu- facturing concerns of our city. Their field of operation is not, however, entirely local — their products being demanded in all parts of the cinnitry. liut more particularlv in manu- facturing centers. There has never been an era in the world's history when containers of all sizes and shapes were in such wide de- SEELEY TIT.E & 1!0X CI).MI'.\X\', CEX'IK.VL .WEXTE, One of the city's industries worthy of note is the Seeley Tube & Box Co., located at 342 to 352 Central avenue. This industry was incorporated in 1905, its original location being at the intersection of Fourth avenue and Ogden street. In 1910 it removed to 342 to 352 Central avenue, where the extensive antion and wine corks consumed in this State are manu- Till-: NKWAKK CORK WORKS. I;.\RI1.\R.\ SI. K) KO.MUKN ST. The business was inaugurated by Arnold and .\lbert II. Iliertuempfel, under the name of Biertuempfel Bros., its original location being on Bremen street, and all cutting of corks at that time being done by hand. Tn 1904, to meet the demands of a rapidly growing business an incorporated company was formed, and the capital stock has twice been changed since then, and at the present time, has reached $200,000. The president of the coni]ian_\ is Richard A. Hensler, and the secretary and treasurer is Albert PI. Bier- tuempfel, who also has the active management of the busi- ness. These gentlemen are Xewark residents, men of push and business ability, financial strength and progressive ideas, and thoroughly representative of the city's best industrial factured and sold by the Newark Cork Works. The com- ])any makes now 1.200 kinds of corks and many cork special- ties, also utilizing all their cork waste into a marketable pro- duct of ]3acking of various kinds. The output of their regu- lar lines is from seven to eight million per week. .\ special feature has been developed in the making of .stoppers for soda and beer bottles, as many as 18,000 of these being turned out in an hour by a certain machine automatically. In conjunction with these lines, Mr. Biertuempfel has now incorporated another branch of the business under the name of ''The United Corrugated Pajjer Packing Co.." which is to take care of the making of bottle wrappers, crating and partitions for the shipping of bottles. 16,^ N CAV Jersey Ice C ream Co. TIM'", urioinal start uf the Xcw Jcrscv Ice Cream Co. was (111 l'"ront street, No. i.V- lliere the concern was burned out and those interested bought the lots now occu- pied on Mt. Pleasant avenue. Frank Wadsworth, Samuel J. Campbell and George H. Fritz were originators. A building 40 x So feet in dimensions, a three-story brick structure, which was the original site of the business on this street, ami which now contains the general offices, the N. J. ICE CRE.\M CO., 303-313 Mr. t'l,KAS.\.\ T .WENUE ice houses and the place where famous ice creams of various flavors are manufactured. In summer, from («> U> 120 tons of ice are useil daily, in the production nf immense (|uantities of ice cream. The company tcni. To the ri,i;Iu.anil l)aek of tliis Newark, is the Newark Cokl Storage Co., whose room may he found several other receiving rooms with vary- warchouses are at the intersection of River and Cherry ing temperatures as may he required to accomniodate the streets, the buildings being numbered 41 to 47 on River goods in hand. To facilitate the handling of goods and street, and 36 to 42 on Cherry street, with a frontage of shorten the delay of having jjerishable merchandise held up 84 feet on the former and 109 feet on the latter. on account of a block in the receiving rooms, there are In 1892 a concern known as the I'olar Construction Co. large elevators convenientlv placed on the ground floor, and was formed and the ])iant which it operated was known through which any part of the building ma\- he reached. as the Polar Cold Storage W'arehou.se. This continued in The building and the geneial lavniU is so arranged thai successful operation for nineteen years until June. 1911. there is no cnmniotion nor any inconxeuience experienced. riie possihilit\ of li r e consiuniug the plant is so re- mote as to he al- most oiu of Con- sideration, a 1 1 ]M-ecaution> luiv- ing been taken against such dis- aster. .\ lire plug comiecting w i t b the city w a 1 e r .system is to Ije found on the cor- ner nearest the buildings. a n d one is also on the opposite corner. The uieu al the head o f T b e N e w a r k (.'.ild Storage Company are William l''el- lowes !\1 o r g a n and .Mexander -Moir. the fnnner b e i 11 g president a n d treasurer, and tile latter vice-president and secretary. M r . -Morgan was born at Clifton, Staten Island, .\. \'.. and is now a resident of Short Kills, N. ncKlW 7IT.1 ti1 T'-' .>r.».MMX liM.lJ .-I 1 UK.YUi!. CO., K1\IM< .\.NU ini'.lI.i:r 1jI.;i:\\ JX(, luMPA.W. IIA.MUUKG I'I.ACE, .XLVE.'i .\.\U IIK.WSLEK SXRElil; 169 A. Cyphers \^ Co. and in lo ijouml jiaper sacks packed in bnrlap ready for shipment to the trade at a Hberal discount. Beside these it also has the following packed in cartons, one dozen to a case for shipping: Charcoal, Cypho Grit, Crushed Oyster shells. Baby Chick Feed. Beef Meal, Beef Scrap, never secured and which they would have thought quite Lice Powder, Roup Cure. Poultry raisers have been ready AMONG the very many thin.^s which ha\e been de- veloped, during recent years, from a sli]!-shod under- taking into a scientific business, is that of raising and marketing- fowls and eggs. Under present-da\- methods, re- sults are being obtained that our "randfathers on the farm impossible. And now recent experiments and tests of vari- ous kinds have proven conclusi\cly that the kind of feed given to fowls is the factor above all others which deter- mines their profits and value to the owner and fancier. A concern in Newark which has devoted years of time and much money in placing on the market proper poultry food, is that of A. Cyphers Co., located at 65 Nesbitt street. This C(.)mpany dates back to 1894, the founder of the liusi- ness being A. Cxphers. After a short time the business began to grow and with growth came opportunities for larger business interest, and in I'ebruary, 1907, an in- corporated company was formed with $50,000 cap- ital stock. The officers of the company at pre- sent are President and Treasurer. F. \'. Cy- phers ; \'ice- President, Joseph 1). Ward; Secre- tary, Samuel V. l'"rc;)me, all of whom are resi- dents of East Orange, and gentlemen of high standing in both busi- ness and social standing. The warehi.iuses and elevators of the A, C_\-phers Co. are n \. CV1>III£RS CO., XESBITT STREET. to furnish testimonials as to the value of these products, and many have done so unsolicited. Among the reasons why the Cypher Scratching Grains have proved profitable to poultry men, are these : they are clean, sound and sweet ; they furnish a variety of food and an assortment of ma- terial that promotes growth and egg production : they pro- vide the balanced ration so necessary to the welfare of the fowl: they contain the nourishing food ele- ments found in a mix- ture of choice, wdiole- some grains, which are essential to the health and growth of the fowl ; the scratching grains are composed of selected grains of a high standard of quality, and because these scratching grains l)revent waste. As the com]iany handles grain in large quantities which is received direct from the growers, it is in position to quote buyers the lowest possible prices on any kind of grain or feed that may be re- quired either for stock or poultry feeding pur- poses. I'he company lia^ I mill wholesale and retail depart- ments and while chicken anil pigeon foods are its special lines, it also sells hay and other foods for stock quite extensively. They em])loy in various capacities twen- ty-five men, and have an enviable reputation for prompt and accurate filling of orders. They will ship goods to any part of the country, and any one who is not within easy reach of a dealer handling the Cypher Foods may address the company direct, who will see that goods desired located at Xesbitt street and the Lackawanna Ixailroad, with telephone connection. 1505 ISranch Brook. Here the com- pany has an elevator four stories in height, 50 x 125 feet in dimensions, and has installed modern machinery which enables it to unload grain, hay, etc., direct from the railroad cars to its elevator without cartage. This location along the Lackawanna tracks and the ])lacing of side tracks con- necting, has made these conveniences possible Beside this elevator, the compan\- has a two-story warehouse reach the customer. Any person keeping poultr}- or pigeons under separate roof, covering 125 x 50 feet in size. It who wishes to increase the egg yield or to understand more also has stables and wagon sheds, twenty horses being' used about jiroper feeding to produce stronger chicks or squabs, in the business. These are new buildings, modern and com- will find it to their a Co., Inc. Ax intcrestinjif business aii to a large class of people, is that conducted by J. F. Xoll & Co., Inc., with headquarters at 115 ]\Julberry street. It acts as grower and distributor of seeds, plants, bulbs, etc., and also does a wholesale and retail business in the handling of garden and farm implements, fertilizers and poultry supplies. .\ny one who is in possession of land, whether it be a city lot or country acreage, needs only to look through the very attractive catalogue to be ins]Mred with the tlesire to inimciliately become a gardener. The business is largely carried on through mail orders and these goods are sold all over the country. Two traveling salesmen are maintained on the road and successfully represent the house. The company's line of jwultry supplies is large and comprehensive, and includes besides smaller goods the famous "Essex Model" incubators and brooders, also the I Santa incubators and brooders. The business which is now carried on by this coiupany was started in 1898 by J. I'ranklin Xoll, who died in 1908. I lis interest in the enterprise is retained by his wife, Mrs. Emma W . Xoll, who is president and treasurer of the company, Robert J. Xoll is vice-president and secretary, aneeker alter econnmic laci> and the gleaner in the fiebl of industrial science will find in the estab- lishments and factories of .\ewark abundant material for the exposition of American genius and .\merican enter- prise. Xo city on this continent of double its poj)ulation presents a more interesting diversity of industries or a grander ensemble of general prosperity in commercial and industrial circles. There are a great many lines of busi- ness that are successfully carried on here, and an estab- lishment of the higliest standing to which wc desire to re- fer is that of Charles Wolf, dealer in masons" materials, lime, cement, lath, brick, blue stone, drain pipe, etc.. and a large stock of hay. >lr;i\\' and grain, oals, corn, feed, meal. wheat, bran, etc. The i)u>iness was first establislicd in 18S7 by Charles Wolf, the presenl pni])rictor, Charles II. Slew- art and Samuel W. Stewart trading mider the name of Wolf, Stewart & Co. ( )ii August 1. \')\^. the Iwd Litter gentlemen sold their interests to .Mr. Wolf, who continues the business under his own name. Ills office aiifl ware- hou.ses are located corner Waverly and IV'shine avenues, on a plot of ground 100 by 200 feet, and enjoys the very best of railroad facilities, being located on the I'eiuisyl- vania Railroad line. He gives em|)loyment to twenty ])eo- ple and has ten horses, four trucks and a single wagon. During busy seasons, thirteen extra teams are re(|uire(l. .Mr. Wolf's residence is at Xo. 127 .South lotli street. CII.\RLE.S WOLF, W.WERLY AVENUE. 171 NeAvark Paving Company THE twentieth century demands scientifically built high- ways, and many men of brains and special training as well as many millions of dollars are engaged in the construc- tion of these roads, upon which there is an increasing traffic, due to improved methods of transportation. A concern thus engaged is the Newark Paving Co., a company which was incorporated in 1896 and is capitalized at $50,000. Its operations are extensive and are carried on in several sections of Xew Jersey. ( )ne feature which has had nuich to do with the hisjlih' successful work done under Street. Xo. 133. and a branch office is maintained in the Uuilders' and Traders' Exchange. 45 Clinton Street. The company is known as general contractors, and is prepared to do anything in the paving line. It has done all the prelimi- nary work which was recently done on Market Street, and com])lete(I work on Academy Street, Dickerson Street. Cabi- net Street and 19th Street. The last-named street is brick leaving, while the other three are in granite blocks. Men of affairs and others qualified to judge have said some \-ery forceful thing's about how satisfactorv streets wear, when xi:\\.\KK r.wixo co., first sxRiacr the supervision of the company, is the wide experience po.'-- .sessed by Mr. (lilligan, the president and general manager, who for upwards of thirty years has been engaged along this line. This has given him a knowledge of conditions which covers almost any case that may arise and makes him well qualified to direct construction work of any kind. Besides Hugh F. Gilligan as president, the conii)anv'-- other officers are Russell 15. Cahill. secretary and 11. T. Gilligan, treasurer. They are well and favorably known in Newark business circles and enjo\- the confidence of the community. The main officer ;md \ard> of the coni]ian\ are on I'irst work ha.-^ been done by the Newark l'a\'ing Co. It has also recently done the excavating for the new Bamberger build- ing. Among some of the larger deals handled by the company is the paving of the main thoroughfare at Bradley Beach, .v. J., and the contract was for $60,000. rile company has regularly two hundred employees on its pa\- roll and owns thirty teams of horses. It hires as many more men and horses as are needed to work to advantage and has been u^ing as nianv as ninety teams on some jobs. TIk- coni])aii\'s main office. 133 First Street, is connected with long distance phone 34^) Branch ISrook. 1 he J. F. bnanley Company A.M< ).MI{.\"r"S retlectioii will briny any one to the reali- zation of the fact, that among the chief business in- terests which have to do with the development and progress of any country, the reliable general contractor plays a promi- nent ])art. Who. more than he, is an important factor in the building of imiwsing edifices, and in the constructing of means of communication between the cities and towns of the country? Who else is more willing to undertake diffi- cult tasks, to carry through with intelligent understanding and honest purpose the often dangerous and uncertain work of excavating for and erecting a modern skyscraper ? Xcwark has her share of commendable general contrac- tors, who in the past decade, have had an important part in changing the a])pearance of thing> in general, and in bring- vania Railroad Co.. which is proving highly satisfactorv to the iiicor])orators. It is now completing the "shortest" rail- road between Elizabeth and Trenton, for the Trenton Termi- nal Railway Com])any, and has done other work, including grading, etc.. in We-t Side Park. Jersey City, and West Hudson Park. Harrison. .\t present the company has a force of men engaged in paving Main street, East Orange, which work is nearing completion. This concern is a large emplo\er of labor, and in the work in this immediate vicinity has four or five humlred names on the weekly ]iay roll. .\ still larger number are found busy in connection with its Philadelphia enterprises. The company's yards and sn])ply depot in Xewark are found at the foot of Maclison street, facing the Passaic TIIK I. I' .\I.Mll.--o.\ ing this section of New Jersey up to its present enviable place. Among these contractors, the concern of The J. V. Shanley Company deserves .special mention. This house has been doing things for a number of years past and has won a name which is a valuable business as.set. The comjiany's main office is in Philadelphia, and branch establishments are maintained in Xewark. and Jersey City, the former being in the Esse.x building and the latter at 2O Exchange place. Their Philadelphia office is in the Ar- cade building. The company is incorporated with ample capital stock and has at hand men and equipment suffi- cient to undertake almost any piece of construction work. Among the enterprises which this concern has handled successfully in the recent past is the new electric line from Harrison. X. |.. to Park F^lace, Xewark. for the Pennsvl- River. which allows the receiving by boat of all building and heavy material, greatly reducing freight costs. It keeps a full stock of commodities, machinery, etc., needed in the ])rosecution of the work in hand, and is ])roud of the fact that all contracts can be economically operated. The J. 1". Shanley Company. Incorporated, was originated by the man whose name it bears. The business was original- ly conducted by Mr. Shanley. senior, alone, he being sole proprietor. After a successful period of this endeavor, an incorporated company was formed. J. I'". Shanley, junior, becoming president and J. W. Carey, secretary and treas- urer. It has since continued under this able management and has annually prospered. A number of large and diffi- cult contracts are now on hand and the prospects for the company are of the best. W^arren Broth ers Ljompany THIS city has shown wisdom in selecting bitnlitiiic pave- ment for its best streets and the policy recommended b_v the Board of Trade continuing the work along the main thoroughfare should meet the hearty approval of the citi/.ens. The bitulithic pavement is spread u])on a concrete founda- tion and com- pressed with a heavy road roll- er to the thick- ness of two in- ches. The SIU-- face is made of the best stone ob- tainable, varying in size from a m a X i m u m of about one and a quarter inches to dust, the propor- tions of the dif- ferent sizes of stone being so ar- ranged that the finer particles fit into the interstices of the coarser so as to reduce the air space or voids between the stones. The proportion used of the various sizes of mineral are pre-deter- mined by physical tests with a view to obtaining the smallest percent- age of air space or voids in the min- eral mixture, and vary w i t h the c h a r a c t c r and shape of particles of these stones in each particular case. After the proportions have been determined, the mineral ma- terial is passed through a rotary dryer, from which it is carried by elevator and through a rotary screen, which separates the nnneral material into several different sizes. The proper proportions by weight of each of these sizes is secured by the use of a multi-beam scale, the exact amount recjuired be- ing weighed out and run into twin ])Ug rotary mixer. There it is combined with a bituminous cement accurately weighed in the proper proportions. The whole is then thoroughly I.OOKIXi; EAST o.\ MAUIvl/i SIKi;i;r. I.AUi 11)12 BLEECKEK STKIiliT, LAID KjUT, mixed together and dumped into cart> and hauled to the street, spread and thoroughly rolled with a heavy steam road roller while still hot. L'pon this surface is then spread a flush coat of bituminous cement, thoroughly sealing and waterproofing the surface. There is then a])plied a thin layer of fine- ly crushed stone which is rolled in- to the surface, making it rough and thereby af- fording a good f o o t h o 1 d for horses, and pre- venting automo- l)iles from skid- ding. This pave- ment has the den- sity and inherent stability that a permanent street construction r e - quires. Bitulithic pavement has the same general appearance as the asphalt pavement, but it is not sliii]ierv and in wearing f|ualit\' is vastly superior. The .Standard Bitulithic Com- l)any. whose of- fice is at II Clin- ton street, Xew- ark, which lays t h e bitulithic pavement under the ])atents of Warren lirothers C o m ]) a n y . 39 T e m p 1 e place, Boston, Mass., will he glad to furnish any fur- ther information regarding the bit- ulithic pavement. Bitulithic pave- ment was first laid in Newark, N. J., in the year 11J03, at which time Bleecker street and ( )s- borne terrace were laid. Since then the city has laid con- tinuously large areas of the pavement. The following is a list of cities in New Jersey which have adopted the bitulithic as a standarcl pavement for their city: Salem, Woodstown, Summit, Woodbury, West Holjoken, Bloomfield, Kearny, Newark, Harrison, Dover, Bayonne, .\tlantic City, llolioken, -«^ 174 Perth Anilidv. Irviiigton. Xew Ilrunswick, Trenton. W'ce- liawken. Folldwing is a list of contractors wlio liavc in the i)a>t and are still taking large contracts for the laying of bitu- litliic jiavcnients in the State of Xew Jersey, niuler Warren lirothers Company's license agreement: J. F. Shaiiley Company, Xew- ark, X. J. : \'an Kuren & Son. Jersey City, X. J.; Xewark Pav- ing C o m p a n y. Xewark, X. J.; Maher & ^ic- Xicholas, Kearny. X. J.: William t. W i 1 k i n s o n. Kearny, .\. J. : Standard llitulith- ic Company, .Xew- ark, X. J.: Xew York. X' v.: C. H. Winans Com- pany, L i n d e n, iX. J. ; T. J. .\llen. Stanhope, X. J. ; L'valde .\s|)halt Paving Company, Jersey Citv. X. J. : Jo^ej)!! T. .Mnr|)]iy, West llobokcn. X. j. : K. I". ( iXeill, Jersey City, X. J.; E. L. ISadcr. .\tlantic City. X. J.; L'nion I'.nild- ing Construction 1909 Cities. 74 S . .Surface _\'our roads w i t h Warren ite a t a reasonable c o > t .'nid you will eliminate this great c.\|)ense. Warrenite is a modified form of the bitulithic street pave- ment, ada])ted to meet the conditions which prevail on country roads and the requirements o f automobile traffic. It is a sanitary. du>tless, non-skid- ding roadway ;ind .illords a secure f cj o I h o 1 d for horses. It has ihe efficiency and dur- ability of the bitu- lithic street pave- ment and is easily ke|)t clean. War- icntine also has the inherent sta- |jilit_\- which a permanent coun- try road surface rec|uires. Square Yards. 16,400 All contractors exijerienced in the buildnig of highways '■ 400,831 may compete for contracts for the Warrenite load surface, 915,630 purchasing from this company at its plant, located alon,g " '■ 1.041,724 the line of the work, the surface material ready t.) be laid, just as ]>aving blocks would be ])nrcliased from the manu- facturers of the blocks. Write for Warrenite circular. s]:)ecifications and form of mixture license agreement: available to all contractors. lii.iiKCKKK siKi:i:r, [.aid 1903. 1. 24 1. 327 1 .508.085 1,924,222 1,676.433 '/o liahne v^ Company OXI'I of the must metropolitan features of New Jersey's metropolis is the great Hahne & Co. store, of which the people of Xewark and Northern New Jersey are very proud. This establishment, moilern in every detail, blazed a path for Newark's Inisiness men and pioneered it in the matter of fireproof construction in the mercantile field. 'i'his immense store typifies the newer Xewark as much as any other one thing in the City of Industry, and that it is doing an immensely successful and ever-increasing busi- ness proves the wisdom of its planners and builders, for it should be remembered that this great building was erected ten years ago. Most of the business concerns that were in existence in '38 when the little ISird Store was started, have jiassed into fifty years of experience; fifty years of successful selling. The business was started as the "Newark Bird Store" with very limited space. It is still selling birds. But the space devoted to birds, though as large as the original store, is now but the 2,61 3tli ])art of all the s]jace in the establish- ment. In the last hundred years .Newark has increased in popu- lation 250 times. In half that time, this store has increased in size more than 2,500 times ! In the early days of the store no delivery system was necessary. After a while a wheel-barrow was used to de- liver the goods. Then came an innovation — the push-cart ; then a wagon with a real horse. Now more than a hun- dred wagons, many of them re(]uiring two and four horses. r n %fH^- iTi-ir-mTiTmTT.Tfr TTn" I'rrri — ^Z'"';'''"^ " ■ -i---t 1— .■ ,--, , -,----S ' ■ ^ 'W^l ■ ^' J^^ Hif ' V i-.i I! lI.M-INIv & COMI'AN'VS UKl'.VRT.MENT STOKI':. l!KO.\D STREET. oblivion, the businesses have crumbled, the signs with the old familiar names have been taken down, and they are practically forgotten except by the oldest inhabitants. But the little liird Store grew and grew, little by little, adding tb its stock a diversit\- of merchandise, moving into uiore com- fortable quarters as the business required, exi)anding year by year, changing, always clianging, putting ofl:" the old clothes, taking on the new, ever keeping up t(> date, becom- ing finally the greatest business house in the state — modern, beautiful, a credit to its owners, an ornament to the city. It is not simph- a store of lirick. steel and mortar but a store with a heart that beats true to the public — a store that serves, a store that confers inestimable benefits upon the community. It takes fifty years to build a store like this — fiftv vcars of effort: fiftv years of demonstration: and great automobiles are used to convey goods to the homes of its patrons. Then a little coal stove heated the store. Now Hahne & Co. have a great steam-making nest of boilers, which consume annually <;,6oo tons of coal. In the beginning a few gas jets sufficed to light the store. Now great dynamos in the store's power plant send electricity to thousands of arc and incandescent lights through this mammoth establishment, on the front of which are suspend- ed to-day the most powerful illuminating lamps found any- where in the world. The Hahne & Co. store is so constructed that it is vir- tually flooded with daylight on all sides and in the centre. The ventilation is perfect, the heating uniform. Its broad aisles and high ceilings make it a most comfortable shopping iilace — it is the Mecca of all Northern New Jersev. 176 I.. S. PLAUT & CO.. "TlIK HKIC HIVK. liROAD STREET. L. S. Plaut ^ Co. TJIE history of the firm of L. S. Plant & Cu., reads like a romance. Little did its founders dream that it would one day be classed amonaf this country's fjreatest department stores. In 1870, Leopold I'ox. and L. Simon I'laut came to Xew- ark and opened a small dry _a;oods store, under the name of "The Bee Hive," in part of the old building then standing at 721 Broad street. The picture of the house that appeared at that time, is shown at the foot of this page. The dimen- sions of this store were 13x25 feet and at first the young merchants employed but one clerk. The business soon out- grew its narrow quarters. In 1871, they removed to 683 Broad street. They had now 40 employes and were very prosperous, but quite an insignificant concern compared to their present size. Still greater development necessitated greater expansion and ere long another removal was in order. Xos. 715 and 719 Broad street were then selected and the two stores were converted in one large .store. 50x80 feet. Soon a rear annex, 40 feet deep had to be built and the two basements under the store were leased. Since that time the history of the firm has been one of continued success. At the present time the establishment of L. S. Plaut & Co. occupies stores and floors of 711 to 721 Broad street, covering an area of over 100,000 square feet. Instead of the one clerk employed at the mode.st beginning of the busi- ness, there are now more than one thousand employes, and instead of stock being purchased from one or two jobbers, experienced buyers now search the markets of both eastern and \\e>lern heuu.-,pheres for desirable merchandise. In early days the few customers carried their purchases home as they went, now a delivery system covers all sec- tions of Newark and surrounding towns and cities. The present proprietors are Louis Plaut and Moses Plaut, who are co-partners and have demonstrated to the public that they possess, to an unusual degree, the qualities of business sagacity, executive ability, and sound judgment, which have been reflected in their successful business career. They are both Newark gentlemen, thorougiily identified with the city, members of the Board of Trade, and other local organizations. Thev have secured much additional property for their store and plans are now being drawn for a modern fire- proof six-story building to occupy almost an entire block. When this modern structure is com- ])leted it will rank with the largest build- ings in the country devoted to depart- ment store purposes, making the estab- lishment of L. S. Plaut & Co. one of the foremost of its kind in the L'nited States. This is the record of one of our large retail establishments in this, the "City of Industry," which from a small beginning has achieved a success that is surpas.sed by few stores in this and other coun- tries. '// The Baker Printing Company PRINTING is rapidly becoming one of the big industries of Newark, and its growth to greatness is due to the persistent efiforts of the [jrinters themselves to wrest from the Metropolitan shops large work such as catalogues, etc., that had heretofore been dvme in Xew York. 251 MARKET STREET. In this upbuilding it has been necessary for the Newark printers to measure up in every way to the standards of the biggest New York print shops. To-day, Newark |)rinters have the ability and capacity to produce the finest kind of printing. This fact is becoming more widely known every day, and gradually Xewark manufacturers and business men are relying entirely upon the Newark printers. One of the big factors in the keeping of the printing busi- ness in Newark has been the Baker Printing Company. This concern now occupies an immense building, two views of which are shown herewith, with an entrance on both Market and Clinton streets — one at 251 Market street, and the other at 69, 71 and 73 Clinton street. The business was started in 1885 in a small room in the old Morning Register building, 195 Market street. In 1888 the plant was removed to 202 and 204 Market was startcil, and in the following year, Toikii Talk, the illus- trated weekly. In 1890 the business moved to 251 Market street, where ground had been purchased by S. R. liaker and Wm. A. Baker, who erected the five-story brick building the company now occupies. At first only two floors were used. The Baker Printing Company was incorporated in 1898. In a few years the building was outgrown and a new building of five stories was erected on Clinton street and connected with the Market street building. Later on the company added stationery and office furniture departments to its business and their growth compelled the company to acquire more space. In 1910 land adjoining its Clinton street building was purchased and a six-story building erected, giving the com- ^•^; 69-71-73 t'LlNTON STKKET. pany an additional ground floor space of 50x100 feet, to be used for the display of office furniture. It has not been sufficient that the Baker Printing Com- ])any fill the wants of Newark business men in printing alone, but several important kindred departments have street, at which time the publication of the Suuda\ Standard their ])art in this great organization. Engraving, stationery, 178 office furniture and liuuse safes each has a department given over to the display and sale of these goods. The stationery department occupies the Market street end of the Raker Ihiilding, and enjoys an enviabk reputation for the reliability and com pleteness of the stock. Tlie disp!a\' of articles in all-glass show cases, a> seen in the illustration, and the at- tractively arranged, well filled shelves, make this an interesting department lilank books, loose-leaf devices, leather goods, cutlery, novelties and rec|uisites for card ])arties and other social functions are carried here, in addition to the complete line of stationery. The basement Ijeneath the station- ery department houses a display of safes for home and office use. and i- ■ used also as a storeroom for supplies. Engraving and die stamping have a deijartment adjoinnig the station- ery, and many Newark firms depend on this branch of the I>aker Com])any for their engrave*■%*• ^i$^l. l^iM' i^^*-