NOV 16 1897 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK NEW JERSEY CONTAINING Leading Important Events in its History — from 1606 to 1898— 292 Years; besides Thousands of Curious^ ^<^ Quaint and Useful Items^ Relating to Persons, Places and Things, in the History, Progress and Development of the Province and State S FOUR SPECIAL INDEXES OF PERSONS — PLACES —YEARS — EVENTS /^ ^ For Sale by all Booksellers in New Jersey J897-I898 1 \ jn^ n HOW TO OBTAIN THIS BOOK (until the 500 COPIES IN PRINT ARE GONE.) First, apply to your nearest bookseller, and if not there, send ONE DOLLAR express or P. O. order) to M. C. SPAULDING, Box 62, Columbus, Ohio, and a post- paid copy will be sent to your address. Price.s of the Book to Clubs : 2 copies, post- paid, $1.90; 3 copies, $2.70; 6 copies, $5.00; 12 copies, $9.00. Cash, express, to one address. Copyright, 1895, by M. C. Spaulding. PREFACE Two things, at least, may be said in favor (not praise) of this little book, which contains the cream — the condensed, historic, substance of miany books in state and other libraries. First, its size need not appal the most reluctant reader, for almost any one can read it through (yet not exhaust it) in less than a year. Second, no one with any patriotic, or living in- terest, in tlae history of his state can take up this book without finding in it«ome item^of sufficient value to make the book worth keeping in the house, for several weeks, at least. And surely this book will save some busy reader the time and trouble of " reading through " a score or more ©f books, old and new, while other readers will be incited through historic bunger and curiosity to look up more information on the subject thus brought to their attention. As no attempt has been made to assert infallibility, •or to exhaust any subject liere to-uched upon in state or local bistory — critics may find better game for their guns elsewhere. And surely the Press of New Jersev is not opposed to any enterprise designed like their own to promote the diffusion of useful itemized information concerning the history of the state tliey love so well. That this '' little book " lias defects in style and arrange- 4 PREFACE. ment is conceded in advance ; but no one, not even an Ingersoll, is profited in reading or studying a book merely to find out and report its mistakes instead of the good it contains. The compiler hereof does not hold himself accountable for the absolute accuracy of all the information herein, but simply records his glean- ings from other books where authors seemed to be honest and painstaking in their statements. Plainly and honestly speaking, this book contains some things which many readers already know, many things which many readers dont know, some things which some readers needn't know, and very many things, useful and important, which all readers might, could, would and should know about New Jersey history — Past and Present. ANNOUNCEMENTS 1. A copj' of this book sent free to the oldest — also to the youngest — person engaged in teaching Jan. 1, 1898 — in the public schools of New Jersey. 2" Copy of same sent free to the teacher — lady or gentleman — longest in service Jan. 1,1898, in the public schools of New Jersey. 3. Copy of same sent free to the person who furnishes twenty authentic historical items, which should be, l)ut are not, in this book. CONDENSED STATISTICS OF NEW JERSEY Settled when In 1614-20 Settled where At Bergen By whom settled The Dutch The third state when Dec. 18, 1787 Latitude Between 38<^ 56' and 41° 21' N. = 2>^ degrees Longitude 73'' 54' to 75° 31' W. = 12^ degrees Temperature, average SS'^' Population in 1880 1,131,116 Population in 1890 1,444,933 Classified ~Ma.\es, 720,819; females-, 724,114; white, 1,396,581; colored, 48,352; Am. born, 1,115,958; foreign born, 328,975 State area in square miles 8,320 State area in acres 5,324,800 Population to each square mile, 1890 193.82 Acres to each person in 1890 3.07 Voting population in 1890 413,530 Number of Representatives 8 Vote for Cleveland, 1888 151,403 Vote for Cleveland, 1892 171,042 Vote for McKinley, 1896 221,367 Number of counties 21 Largest county, Burlington, area 860 sq. miles Smallest county, Hudson, area 43 sq. miles Number of postoflfices 914 Number of cities 25 Number of newspapers 396 Number of public school buildings, 1896 1,763 Number of teachers, 1896 5,630 Number of pupils, 1896 438,968 Number of railroads 2,117 miles Number of farms in 1890 30,828 Value of farms in 1890 $ 159,262!840 Value of farm products in 1890 '. $28,993,349 Number of manufacturing establishments, 1890 9,225 Product of same, 1890. $354,573,571 LEADING CITIES AND POPULATION IN 1890. Newark ( 17 ) - 181,513 Jersey City (19) 163,987 Paterson ( 36 ) 78,358 Camden (49) 58,274 Trenton (50) 57,458 Hoboken (68) 43 648 Elizabeth (79) 37,764 Bavonne 19,033 Orange 18,844 New Brunswick 18,603 * Rank among 124 American cities. (5) EARLY GOVERNORS OF NEW JERSEY Peter Miniiil also governor of New Netherlands 1624 Wouter Van Twiller ( also governor of New Netherlands j 16;^:j William Keift also governor of New Netherlands) 16o8< John Printz governor New Sweden ) 1642 Peter Stuyvesant governor New Netherlands) 1646' Philip Carteret first English governor ) 1664 Edmund Andros for the duke of York 1674 EAST JERSEY. Philip Carteret 1676 Robert Barclay 16 years Born in Hanover, N. J., Apr. 17, 1770. Died in Suckasunny, N. J., Oct. 5, 1853. ■ His ancestor, Philemon Dickerson, came from England to Salem, Mass., and thence in 1672 to South- hold, L. I., and in 1745 to New Jersey. Graduating at Princeton in 1789 he became a lawyer in 1793 and prac- ticed successfully in Phila. The Whiskey insurrection took him as a volunteer to Pa. He was Quartermas- ter Gen. of Pa., 1805-8, and City Court Recorder of Phila in 1808-10. Returning to N. J. he became Su- preme Court Judge and Chancellor, and in 1814 a mem- b.er of the Legislature and next year Governor. When his term expired he was chosen U. S. Senator, serving in this capacity from Dec. 1, 1817 to March 2, 1833, 16 years. Pres. Jackson appointed him, June 30, 1834, Sec'y of the Navy and he served as such under Van Buren till June 30, 1838. He was next on the bench as U. S. Dist. Judge for N. J., and in 1844 a member of the State Constitutional Convention. He was largely interested in mining and manufacturing industries in Morris Co., New Jersey. VIII ISAAC HALSTED WILLIAMSON Age 77 I FEDERALIST Served 1817-1829 — 12 years Born in Elizabethtown, N. J., in 1767. Died in Elizabethtown, N. J., July 10, 1844. After obtaining a grammar school education he studied law with his brother and in 1791 was admitted and then became Pros. Att'y for Morris County. In 1817 he was elected to the State Assembly and soon after became Governor as well as Chancellor, holding the two positions about 12 years. \ member of the State Constitutional Convention of 1844 — he died soon after its adjournment sine die. GOVERNORS OF NEW JERSEY. 13- IX PETER DUMONT VROOM Age 82 DEMOCRAT Served lSjy-1832 — 3 years Born in Hillsborough Tp. in N. J., Dec. 12, 1791. Died in Trenton, N. )., Nov. 18. 1873. . His father was a Revolutionary officer. A gradu- ate of Columbia College in 1808, he became a lawyer in 1813, a member of the Legislature in 1826-9, and then Gov. by choice of the Legislature and served again in 1830-1 and 1833-6. In 1837 Pres. Van Buren ap- pointed him Indian Claim Adjuster. A member of Congress 183if-41, and of the Constitutional Convention of 1844. In 1853-7 he was Minister to Prussia. He published N. J. Supreme Court Reports. He supported McClellan for Pres. in 1864. X SAMUEL LEWIS SOUTHARD Age 55 WHIG Served lS;>2-18o3 — 1 year Born in Baskinridge, N. J., June 9, 1787. Died in Fredericksburg. Va., June 26, 1842. He graduated at Princeton in 1804, taught school in N. J., then went as a family tutor to Va., where he studied law and was admitted, but returned to Hunting- ton, X. J., to practice. In 1814 the Legislature made him law reporter, and in 1815 he became associate jus- tice of the Supreme Court. A presidential elector in 1820 he was next chosen U. S. Senator by the Whigs, serving till March 1823, vice J. J. Wilson. Sept. 182<^ he became Sec'y of the Navy, serving till 1829. From March 7 to July 1, 1825, he was Sec'y of Treasury, and part of the time in charge of the War Portfolio. In 1829 he was Att'y Gen. of N. J., and in 1832 Governor. He served as U. S. Senator from 1832 till ]\Iay 3. 1842. when he resigned — having once been Pres. of the Senate. He published the Reports of the N. J. Su- preme Court. The University of Pa. made him LL. D., and he was one of Princeton's Trustees. 14 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. XI EUAS P. SEELEY Age 55 WHIG Served 1838-1833 Born in 1791. Died in 1846. A descendant of the New England Puritans who settled in New Jersey about 1698 — he received a com- mon school education — after which he studied law with Daniel Elmer, of Bridgeton, N. J., and became a bar member in 1815. His father's experience for years in the Assembly and Council of the State pre- pared the way for the son, who in 1829 and for years after, served in the Legislative Council. When Gov. Southard became U. S. Senator in March 1833. Seeley stepped into the Governorship — which he held for a few months — or till the accession of Gov. Vroom. Subsequently, Seeley served for years in the Legislature. XII PETER DUMONT VROOM Age 82 (DEMOCR.A.T Served 1833-1836 — 3 years (See No. IX) XIII PHILEMON DICKERSON Age 74 DEMOCRAT Served 1836-1837 — 1 year Born in Morris Co.. N. J., in 1788. Died in Paterson, N. J., Dec. 10. 1862. A brother of Gov. Mahlon Dickerson, he received a good education and after studying law, practiced in Paterson for 20 years after his return from Phila. in 1812. After serving in Congress from 1833 to 1835, he resigned, after a re-election, to become Governor. Re- elected to Congress in 1838 a general election contest prevented him and others from taking their seats till March 10, 1840. He afterward became one of the U. S. Dist. Judges of New Jersey. GOVERNORS OF NEW JERSEV. 15 XIV WILLIAM PENNINGTON Age 66 WHIG Served 1837-1843 — 6 years Born in Newark, N. J., May 4, 1790. Died in Newark, N. J., Feb. 16, 1862. A son of Wm. S. Pennington (Gov. of N. J. in 1813-15 — See VI), he graduated at Princeton in 1813 and began the practice of law at Newark. While serv- ing as Governor the "Broad Seal War," growing out of the Congressional Contest of 1838, was waging. As the choice of a Speaker (J. Q. Adams or R. M. T. Hun- ter) hinged on the five contested votes of N. J., it was an exciting event. He refused the appointment of Gov. of Minnesota, but served as Clerk of U. S. Dist. Court from 1815-1826. He served in Congress in 1859-61, and after a contest of eight weeks became Speaker in Feb. 1860. XV DANIEL HAINES Age 76 DEMOCRAT) Served 1843-1844 — 1 year Born in N. Y. City, Jan. 6. 1801. Died in Hamburg, N. J., Jan. 26. 1877. Schooled in N. Y. and at Elizabethtown he gradu dted at Princeton in 1820, was admitted to the bar in 1823, and in 1827 became a member of the Council. The new Constitution took effect while he was Gover- nor. Again elected Governor in 1847, he served three years and then was chosen judge of the Supreme Court. From 1870 to 1876 he served on State Boundary Com- missions and helped locate several State Charitable In- stitutions. He helped unite the two branches of the Presbyterian Church and was delegate in 1870 to Prison Reform Conventions at home and abroad. At the time of his death he was the oldest living Trustee of Prince- ton College. He and Daniel Webster were once as- sociated in trying the Goodyear Rubber Patent Cases. XVI CHARLES C. STRATTON Age 63 WHIG Served 1844-1848 — 4 years Born at Swedesboro, N. J., in 1796. 16 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Died at Swedesboro, N. J., March 13, 1859. After serving four years in the State Legislatu'-e, he served in the 25th Congress (1837-9) as a Whig, and though elected under the "Broad Seal" to the 26th Congress, he was not admitted. When his term in the 27th Congress expired he became a member '^ &^ State Constitutional Convention and next the fir . ernor chosen by the people. After his Goveinorsi ended he retired to his Swedesboro farm. XVII DANIEL HAINES DEMOCRAT ) Served 1848-1.S51 -3 years (See No. XV) XVIII GEORGE FRANKLIN FORT Age 63 ' DEMOCRAT Served 1851-1854 — 3 ^-ears Born in Pemberton, N. J., in May 1809. Died in New Egypt, Ocean Co., N. J., Apr. 22. 1872. Educated at home — he received a medical diploma from the University of Pennsylvania in 1830 and prac- ticed successfully. Elected to the Legislature he be- came in 1844 a member of the State Constitutional Con- vention, and next State Senator. He served two terms as Governor and then became judge of the Court of Appeals. He was actively interested in prison reforms and his work (1875) on Freemasonry shows how deeply that subject enchained him. XIX RODMAN McCAULEY PRICE AGE 78 DEMOCRAT Served 1854-1857 — 3 years Born in Sussex Co., N. J., May 5, 1816. Died in Oakland, Bergen Co., N. J., June 7, 1894. After the study of law he became, in 1840, purser in U. S. Navy, serving thus till 1848, when he became Pacific Coast Naval Agent and served as Alcalde in California when the U. S. flag was raised there. On his return East, in 1850, he was elected to Congress and served from 1851-3, when the Governorship awaited GOVERNORS OF NEW JERSEY. 17 him. During his three years service as Governor the Normal School and militia systems of the State re-' ceived his active support. He was delegate, in 18t31, to the "Peace" Congress. Pages would be needed to detail the many measures advocated by Price as Gov. and Ex. Gov. to develop the resources, the industries, .e commerce of N. J. His zeal amounted to :riotv^.m. XX WM. AUGUSTUS NEWELL Age — ( REPUBLICAN Served 1857-1860 — 3 years Born in Franklin, Ohio. Sept. 5, 1819. His ancestors came lo N. J. in 1632, and his parents .L ^Monmouth Co. for a three years' sojourn in Ohio. After graduating at Rutgers College, in 183(j, he studied medicine. He was elected as a Whig to Congress. Dec. 3, '47. and served till March 3, 1851. In 1804 he was delegate to the Republican Convention at Balti- more. He served in Congress 1865-7 on importani committees, and was delegate to the Phila. "Loyalists" Convention" of 1866. tie originated and was Supt. of the Life Savings Stations of N. J. from 1851-3. and procured the appropriation of .$10,000 for them. He ran for governor in 1877, but was defeated by McClellan. From 1880-4 he was Governor of Washington Territory and in 1884-() Indian Commissioner there. When his term expired he resumed the practice of law at Olympia, his present residence. Dr. Newell and Abraham Lin- coln were in Congress at the same time. XXI CHARLES SMITH OLDEN Age 77 REPUBLICAN Served 1860-1863 — 3 years Born in Pri-ncton. N. J.. Nov. 19, 1799. Died in Princeton, N. J.. April 7, 1876. He left school at Lawrenceville. N. J., for a store- hfe, which he pursued at Phila. and New Orleans till 1834. when he returned to Princeton, where he became treasurer of the College and freed it from embarrass- ment. He was in tlie State Senate from 1844-1850. As 18 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Gov. of the State, 1860-63, he saw that the state did its duty to the General Government as aforetime during the Revolution. He became judge of the Court of Appeals and held other responsible offices. XXII JOEL PARKER Age 72 (DEMOCRAT) Served 1863-1866 — 3 years Born near Freehold, N. J., Nov. 24, 1816. Died in Phila., Pa., Jan. 2, 1888. Removed to Trenton in 1821, graduated at Prince- ton 1839, then settled at Freehold. In the Assenibly,. 1847-50, Pros. Att'y 1852-7. When Pres. Elector in 1860, he voted for Douglas, though opposed to him at first. He became a Brig. Gen. in 1857, and in 1861 Maj. Gen., and ardently supported the war when fairly begun. When Lee invaded Pa., he sent several N. J. regiments to the defense of the Sister State. He took such care of the state finances that her bonds never sold below par, and in 1865 she had $200,000 in the treasury. He favored amnesty to the Rebels. New Jersey gave him her full vote for President. Re-elected Gov. in 1870 he next became Attorney General and in 1880, and again in 1887 judge of the Supreme Court of N. J. XXIII MARCUS LAWRENCE WARD Age 72 ; republican) Served 1866-1869 — 3 years Born in Newark, N. J., Nov. 9, 1812. Died in Newark, N. J., April 25; 1884. His ancestor, John Ward, settled at Newark io 1666, and his father was a Newark manufacturer. After receiving a practical education he engaged in mercantile business, then in politics, then in statesmanship. First a Whig, then a Republican, he served as delegate to the National Convention at Chicago (1860) and Balti- more (1864). He acquired the name of "Soldier's Friend" during the war, by his untiring interest in his behalf on and ofT the field. Ke devised a free postal and free pension bureau. The "U. S. Ward Hospital", afterwards ''Disabled Soldiers' Home", at Newark, GOVERNORS OF NEW JERSEY. 19 was named in his honor. He was defeated for governor in 1862, but was successful in 1865-8, and from Dec. 1873 till March 1875 he was in Congress. Through him soldiers got their back pay and bounty monthly and soldier's families the collections sent on pay day. XXIV THEODORE F. RANDOLPH Age 67 ; DEMOCRAT ) Served 1869-1872 — 8 years Born in New Brunswick, N. J., June 24, 1816. Died in Morristown, N. J., Nov. 7, 1883. His father was the founder and for 40 years editor of the "Fredonian. ' Educated at Rutgers College he was in business at the age of 16, and in 1840 he settled at Vicksburg. where he married Chief Justice Mar- shall's daughter. Returning to N. J. in 1850, he settled in Hudson, then Morristown, and in 1859 was member of the Legislature and State Senator till 1865, and Draft Commissioner in 1862. He effected while Pres. of the Morris and Essex R. R. its perpetual 7 per. cent, lease to the Delaware & Lackawana R. R. While Gover- nor, he made the State prison self-supporting, and helped establish the largest Insane Asylum (Morris Plains) in the world. During the Orange riots in N. Y. City — anticipating trouble — he took possession of the telegraph for military purposes. He served as U. S. Senator from 1874-81, and held other public trusts. XXV JOEL PARKER ( DEMOCRAT Served 1872-1875 — 3 years (See XXII antei XXVI JOSEPH DORSETT BEDLE Age 63 democrat) Served 1875-1878 — 8 3'ears Born m Mattawan. Monmouth Co., N. J., Jan. 3, 1831. Died in (St. Luke's Hospital) New York City, Oct. 21, 1894. 20 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NKW JKRSEY. His father, Thomas J. Bedle, a Common Pleas Judge of Monmouth Co., gave him an academic educa- tion, after which, in 1852, he was admitted to the N. Y. bar and the next year to the bar of N. J. After prac- ticing law at Mattawan, he removed, in 1855, to Free- hold, where he built up a good practice. Removing to Jersey City, he was appomted, in 1865, and again in 1877, Judge of the N. j. Supreme Court, with a Circuit. Reapponited Judge, in 1872, he served as such till 1874, when elected Governor. In 1875 the College of N. J. conferred LL. D. upon him. His chief service as Gov., aside from his useful administrative and legislative re- forms and recommendations, was the quelling of the railway strikes of 1877. When his term ended, he resumed his legal practice, which he continued till shortly before his sudden death in a N. Y. City hospital. XXVll GEORGE BRINTOxX McCLELLAN Age 59 DEMOCRAT vScrved 1.S7N-J 1S42-1851 1817-1833 179(I-17V»1 1789-1791 1862^ 1793 1796 1866-1869 1871-1875 1829-1833 1805-1809 1S09.181.> 1S2:',-1826 1S77-1895 1841 18.53 1801-1803 1789-1790 1S75-18S1 1791-1798 1799-1801 1881-1887 1895-1901 1893-1899' 1S21-1823 1833 1842 1S65-1866 1869-1875 1796-1799 1851-1853 1859 1853-1862 1835-1842 1863 1815-1821 1853-1859 1863-1866 ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY Who was the "first" Enghshman said to have made discoveries in America? Sir Amigell Wadd. of York- shire, Eng.. a writer and member of the Court of Henry VIII. Who was the first Englishman to plant a colony in America? Sir Walter Raleigh, who, under a grant from Queen Elizabeth, in 1584. made an unsuccessful settlement at Roanoke, Va., naming the country after his Virgin(ia) queen. Under what patent was New Jersey next included? That of 1606, from King James to Sir Thomas Gates and others (known as the "London Adventurers"), which extended from lat. 34°, or the South line of N. Carolina, to New England — and was called "South Virginia." So that the latter embraced what is now New York, "New Jersey", Pennsylvania and Maryland. Several ships were fitted out by the London Co., but disaster and bad management caused a forfeiture in 1623 of the grant to the crown. Ifiol). The Dutch lay claim to what is now New Jersey, by virtue of the enforced landing during a storm of Sir Henry Hudson in Delaware ("South") River, on his way to the ''North" River. They planted a colony and in 1623 erect "Fort Nassau" near Gloucester, N. J. The English dispute the Dutch title, by right of their dis- covery, but the Dutch, fearing England's power, put the blame of usurption on their East India Co. and offer to quit-claim their rights for £2500. 1617. Settlement of Bergen by the Danes. 1626. Another claim is set up by the Swedish king, Gus- tavus Adolphus, whose subject, Wm. Useling, a merch- (25) 26 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. ant of Stockholm, forms the "West" India Co., which, aided by the king and his more wealthy people, fitted out a colony of Swedes and Finns. 1(527. Arrival at Cape Henlopen of the Swedish Expedi- tion, whose managers buy the Indian title to both sides of the Delaware, (which they call New Sw^edland) from the Cape to the Falls near Trenton. Their first landing they name "Paradise" Point. 1630. At Lewistown, or Hoarkill, between the Delaware Capes, Peter de Vries builds a fort, as a defence against the Dutch. 1631. The Swedes build another fort and lay out a small town, which they call Christien, or Christiana, (after the Swedish Queen) 10 miles from Wilmington. Later they build a fort called New Gottenburg, on the island Tinicum, 16 miles above Christiana. A fort at Ches- ter also built by them. Sweden demands of England that she yield up her claim to the Delaware and the Dutch at first sided with the Swedes in expelling the English; but afterwards charged the Swedes with usurpation. Thus the Swedes, under their governors, Printz, Papegoia, and Rysing; and the Dutch under Kieft and Stuyvesant continued to eye and covet each other's Delaware possessions, until finally a Dutch fleet and 600 men made their appearance in the Delaware and captured the forts and all that stood in the name of New Sweden. 1634. King Charles I commissions Capt. Thos. Young, who sails up the Delaw^are, but "is stopped by a ledge of rocks (Trenton Falls) which crosseth the river." 1640. A few English families settle on Salem Creek — the Indian name of the place being Asamohaking. 1648 — Jan. 80. Large tract of land secured by the Dutch at Bergen. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 27 1664. Plans by the English, under King Charles II, to ispossess the Dutch. Charles grants New York *'New ersey", etc., to his brother, Duke of York, and "be- )re" declaring war against Holland, sends Sir Robert !arre with a fleet to "take" possession of the American Dssessions of Holland. The Dutch, surprised and un- repared, surrender everything, August 29, 1664. Sir Robert Carre proceeds next with his fleet to le Delaware, lands at New Amsted (New Castle) where le possessions of the Dutch and Swedes pass, by ar- cles of agreement (made Oct. 1, 1664) to "His Majesty f Great Britain." The same year, Oct. 24, Cartright nd Meverich are sent, by governor Nichols, to take harge of affairs on the Delaware. Cession of New irsey ("Nova Caesarea") to Lords Berkeley, Carteret, t. al. Berkeley and Carteret formulate, Feb. 10, 1664, system of government for their new colony and this, le first New Jersey Constitution, remained in force 11 1676, when the province was divided and Carteret )ok East New Jersey as his portion. 1665. August. Governor Carteret, with 30 settlers, ar- ves at Elizabethtown. 1666 — May 17. Newark settled by 30 families from Connecticut. 1668. Gov. Nichols sends out fuller instructions for the overnment of the Delaware Colony and the suppres- on of Indian troubles. The "Long Finn" difficulty. Fewark "Meeting House" built. Grant of 276 acres forming the site of Hoboken. [ay 26. First Legislature meets at Elizabethtown [ay 12. Bergen chartered Sept. 22. 1669. Berkeley and Carteret, Patentees, appoint Philip !arteret governor of New Jersey, with power to make rants of land to settlers. He wisely purchased and uieted the Indian title — after his arrival with 30 28 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. colonists, including servants. He settled at Elizabeth Town. SO named after Carteret's wife. 1G71. Council of Governors, Lovelace and Carteret in New York. 1672. Carteret returns to England, leaving Capt. John Berry to govern in his stead. Settlers with grants from Gov. Nichols vote at Elizabethtown for James Carteret, as governor, Maj^ 14. First meeting house built by the Friends at Shrews- bury. 1673 — March 18. Berkeley sells his half interest in N. J. to John Fenwick and Edward Byllings, Quakers. July. Seizure of the colony by the Dutch, who hold it for about a year, and then, by treaty, give it back to England. 1()74. Gov. Carteret returns and publishes the new in- structions from the king and Sir Geo. Carteret, con- firming former grants and giving each settler living more than 10 miles. 80. and less than 10 miles from the sea. 60 acres of land. This was a premium to encour- age the formation of "inland" settlements. Division of West Jersey — one-tenth to Fenwich and nine-tenths to Byllings. who assigns to Wm. Penn and others, while Fenwick leaves his one-tenth to Eldridge and Warner. Under treaty between England and Holland. N. J. again becomes an English province. Feb. 9. Byllings, financially embarrassed, sells out his interest in N. J. to Penn. et. al. Nov. 6. Carteret returns — meets the Legislature at Bergen and is again in authority. 1675. Arrival of the "first" English ship to West Jersey, bringing a number of families and among them that of John Fenwick. from London. Trustee for Edward Billings of the undivided half interest in N. J., which had previously been the property of Lord Berkley. ANNALS OF KHW JERSEY. 29 1676. Wm. Penn uses "his" ''kind offices" with the cred- itors of "Bylings" to secure an amicable division of N. J. between them and Sir Geo. Carteret, who got the part with "most" settlements and improvements. The western half is divided into 100 shares — 10 going to John Fenwich and 90 ofifered to creditors in York- shire and London. England. First action — of record — to establish schools at Newark, Nov. 21. 1677. Arrival in the "second" ship from London (the "Kent") of nine commissioners and 2"21 other passen- gers, who were landed in Raccoon Creek, near New Castle. These Quakers were said to have received the "blessing" of King Charles, as he saw them depart from the Thames. The Commissioners go to an island, near Burlington, and with goods buy the Indian title. Among the goods thus traded were "29 guns. 3l» ket- tles, 30 coats, 30 "petticoats", 30 hoes, 15 barrels powder, 70 knives, 30 axes, 70 "combs", 60 scissors, 60 tooacco tongs, 60 "looking glasses", 100 "jewsharps", 120 fish- hooks, 120 needles, 120 pipes. 200 bells and 6 "anchors" of rum." The 10 London and 10 Yorkshire proprietors join in laying out a town, on an island which is first called "New" Beverly, then Bridlington, then Bur- lington. 1678. Arrival of the ship "Shield", from Hull, Eng.. th'.^ "first" to land so high up as Burlington. She touched the Philadelphia shore. 1679. Samuel Jennings. Deputy Governor. Death of Sir George Carteret, proprietor of East Jersey. 1680. Through Wm. Penn the king removes the 10 per cent, duty exacted by the Gov of N. J., on goods im- ported into New Jersey, and the Province rejoiced. That "blessing" was a practical one. Phineas Pemberton settles in the vicinity of Trenton. 30 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1681. Commissioners survey and apportion the lands be- longing to the London and Yorkshire "tenths." The Assembly of New Jersey, in session from Nov. 21st to 28th, and pass 36 laws in seven days. A highway from Burlington to Salem authorized. First disciplinary meeting of friends in this country held at Burlington, June 28. 1682. Ship of 550 tons, with 360 passengers aboard, gets aground between Philadelphia and Burlington. The Shore Indians kindly supply them with provisions. Legislative Assembly take steps "to preserve the liberty of the people by a 'free' assembly." Fine of three pounds on "citizens" and five on "foreigners" who sold rum to Indians. Grant. March 14. of E. New Jersey to 24 "proprietors", by the Duke of York. In the circu- lar issued by the proprietors are mentioned Shrews- bury, Bergin, Newark. Middletown, Elizabethtown, Piscataway and Woodbridge, as considerable places, and the county as delightful. East Jersey divided into four counties. 1683. The Scotch made settlements near Amboy, in E. Jersey, and had their proprietors and governors, like the other provinces. First legislative grant of land for school purposes. Perth Amboy laid out in lots and the first tavern in N. J. opened at Woodbridge. 1684. Cooper, Runyon, and Morris lay out the site of Camden. 1685. Death of Charles II. Episcopal Church and Court House built at Perth Amboy. St. Peter's, the first Episcopal church in N. J., formed at Perth Amboy. 1687. "Hard times" in New Jersey and Pa., and people compelled to live on fish and herbs. Famine relieved ANNAIvS OF NEW JERSEY. 31 by arrival of a "corn" vessel at Phila. from New Eng- land, then the "Granery of America." Gov. Keith, of N. Y., has the line between E. and W. Jersey surveyed. Death of Byllings. Dr. Cox buys him out. Customs collections at Amboy. 1688. Daniel Cox, governor of W. Jersey, and Robt. Barclay, governor of E. Jersey, agree on a division line between their two provinces. First Baptist Church at Middletown. Friends also use it. 1691. Gov. Cox conveys the government of W. Jersey to the "West Jersey Society" for the sum of £8,000. 1692. Col. Andrew Hamilton, governor of West Jersey. Great flood at Delaware Falls. Death of Thomas Olive, who came over in 1677 and was governor in 1684. Presbyterian churches at Freehold and Woodbridge. The Freehold and Woodbridge Presbyterian churches established. 1693. Incorporation of Burlington, which is allowed a schoolmaster and the place taxed for his support. The General Assembly of E. N. J. at Perth Amboy, enacts the first school law of the State for the main- tenance of a school there. 1694. Custom House at Perth Amboy. 1695. The town of Salem incorporated. 1698. Andrew Hamilton. Gov. of E. and W. New Jersey. Sale of liquor at fairs prohibited. Arrival at Perth Amboy of Perthnick, the tirst Episcopal minister. 1699. Andrew Hamilton reappointed Governor of the two Jerseys. 32 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1700. Brick meeting house at Salem. First sale of lands in Morris County. 1701. Both E. and W. New Jersey disturbed by political schemes and changes, the product of "many men of many minds." Woodbridge school house given 10 rods of land. Population of both Jerseys 15.000. 1702. East and West Jersey surrender their right of gov- ernment to Her Majesty. Lady Anne, now Queen of England. Forty-seven "proprietors" join in a formal abdication and the Queen accepts the proffer April 17 and Dec. 5. Lord Cornbury receives his commission as Governor and at once appoints his council. Instruc- tions were given the Governor and Council. The As- sembly was to have 24 members and sit alternately at Perth Amboy and Burlington. The "book of common prayer" to be used and liberty of conscience granted to "alf but" papists. Militia of N. J. numbers U'M). "The Royal African Company of England" were enjoined "to have a constant and sufficient supply of merchant- able Negroes at moderate rates in money and com- modities." Hence this companion regulation. No printing press allowed, or book published, without leave and license of the Governor, who was to find out the best means to facilitate the "conversion of Negroes and Indians to the 'Christian' religion." 1708. Arrival of Lord Cornbury, who on his return from N. Y.. convenes the Assembly with Thos. Gardiner. Speaker, at Perth Amboy. He lays down the law of royal and gubernatatorial authority to legislators and people. The Assembly's "only" business is to "raise a revenue" and "to prepare bills to be transmitted into England for Her Majesty's approbation." He sends the members to their homes when he thinks they have talked long enough. First Episcopal service at Eliza- bethtown — where the. church cornerstone was laid in March. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 33 1704. Proclamation of Queen Anne, dated Windsor Castle, June 18th, making coins uniform in value in the colonies. The legislature is summoned to meet Sept. 7th at Burlington to frame a militia system and build at Navesink a fort to protect against French privateers. Not suiting him, the Governor dissolves the Assembly and "elects" another more subservient to himself. The members then flattered him and he praised them more than their constituents did for vot- ing the Governor 600 out of 2,000 pounds tax for an- nual expenses. The servility of this Assembly is shown in dismissing, at the Governor's beck, three of the best members "whose sin was in thinking" the people had a voice in the government. 1705-8. Witli each succeedmg legislature the arbitrary gov- ernor encroaches more and more on the assembly's rights, until the election of 1707 gave the people a ma- jority in the assembly, with Samuel Jennings, speaker. The latter proved mild, but firm and fearless, in his defence of popular rights. Growing bolder the As- sembly charge the Governor with "neglect" of official duty in taking the colonial seal with him to New York, where he spent nine months in the year! Other abuses and even crimes are laid to his charge, at last. Corn- bury gets his tool, the Lieut. Gov. Ingolsby, to address the Queen, laying "all" the trouble to two Assembly- men, "Lewis Morris and Samuel Jennings, a Quaker', whom he calls ^'rebels" against "all' autliority, eic. But tlie people's grievances had more weight with the Queen, who recalled Cornbury and appointed Lord Jobn Lovelace, in his stead. This is the verdict of New Jersey on Cornbury's administration: "No or- ders of men, either sacred or civil, were secure in their lives, their hberties or estates, under Cornbury's arbi- trary rule." Road laid out from Salem to Morris River. 1708. Death of the patriot Samuel Jennings. A new As- sembly, Thomas Gordon, Speaker, meets at Bergin, 34 HISTORICAIv HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Dec. 20, at the call of Baron Hurley, the new Governor, who says to the people's representatives: "You know best what the province can conveniently raise for its support and also the easiest method of raising it." 17U9. Assembly appropriates 3000 pounds to run the gov- ernment, and establishes a paper currency, to be re- deemed and not reissued when soiled or torn. A sink- ing fund ordered. Loans made on double security for this paper at 5 per cent. Death of Lord Lovelace and recall of Ingoldsby. Gen. Hunter appointed Governor and Independent congregations at Newark and Eliza- beth. Volunteers offered for the Canada Expedition. Two hundred is New Jersey's quota. The Governors meet at Perth x\mboy to debate on Indian afifairs. Four Indian Sachems of the Five Nations taken to England and introduced to the Court of Queen Anne. Much made of them. 1710. Gov. Hunter arrives and addresses the new As- sembly (whose speaker is John Kay, of Gloucester) thus: "If honesty is the best policy, 'plainness' must be the best oratory. Let every man begin 'at home' and weed the rancor out of his 'own' mind and the work is done. I shall heartily concur with you in enacting whatsoever may be requisite for the public peace and welfare, the curbing of vice and encouraging of virtue. 'For all power except that of doing good is a burthen." Effort to relieve the Quakers of military fines a failure. Iron works built in Whippany. A member is expelled for signing in 1707 a scandalous paper to the Queen. Memorial of Assembly to the Queen, which leads to the removal of members of Council obnoxious to the colony. 1711. The Assembly pleases the Governor by promptly voting 12,500 "ounces of plate" in bills of credit, for proposed Expedition to Canada — the "Cod fishery" being the objective aim of the expedition. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 35 1712. Death of Thos. Gardiner, of Burlington, Ex. Coun- cilman, Treasurer and Speaker. Cape May has a Bap- tist church. 1713. New Councihiien appointed in place of those sus- pended for siding with Lord Cornbury in 1707. Act legalizing the "Quaker's affirmation in place of oath, etc." Duty of ten pounds on each imported slave. Middlesex Co. has a jail. More sales and surveys at Chester, Mudam, etc. 1714. Dutch Reform church at New Brunswick. 1716. The State Assembly meets at Amboy and chooses Daniel Coxe for its Speaker. Gov. Hunter announces the Queen's death, the king's (George I) succession, a new patent, and commission as Governor received, and a renewed determination to serve the subject and the Crown. At the next session the Speaker and sev- eral members are expelled for neglect of duty and their reinstatements if elected forbidden! 1717. Swedish church erected at Penn's Neck. 1718. Destructive hail storm visits the province. As- sembly meets and provides for determining the bound- ary line (Lat. 41°, 40) between New York and New Jersey — also between E. and W. New Jersey. 1719. Commissioners duly appointed by New Jersey and New York, the Surveyor Generals of each province assisting, met and fixed on the Fish Kill (N. W. branch of the Delaware) as the state boundary line. The ques- tion not finally settled till 1764. Arent Schuyler discovers copper mines near Belle- ville. S6' HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1720. Gov. Hunter succeeded by Wm. Burnett (son of Bishop Burnett, once (1705) Lieut. Gov. of Va. Settle- ment of Railway and Trenton, named after Col. Trent. 1721. Dr. John Johnson, Speaker of the Assembly, and Lewis Morris, Thomas Gordon and 10 others. Coun- cilmen. The Governor congratulates them "on the 'treasures' lately discovered in the 'bowels' of the earth, which cannot fail of circulating for the general good," and also on their not being ''under a Popish King and a French Government"! Gov. Burnett, who was "ad- dicted to gaming", and had written a book on the "Apocalypse", is thought to have had this bill intro- duced: "An act against denying the divinity of our Savior, Jesus Christ, the doctrine of the Blessed Trinity, the truth of His holy Scriptures and spreading atheistical books." It failed to pass, but his example continued. First freestone quarry in N. J. opened. 1722. Forge erected at Dover in Morris Co. 1722-27. Presbyterian churches at Amboy, New Brunswick, and Westfield. 1727. Burnett, governor of N. J. and N. Y., transferred to Boston, and John Montgomerie succeeds him, hold- ing the of^ce till his death, July 1731. 1730. Merchandise lotteries prohibited. 1731. Lewis Morris becomes governor and holds the office till Aug. 1, 1732. 1732. Aug. 1. Wm. Cosby, governor of N. J. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 37 1734. Postoffices at Burlington, Trenton and Perth Am- boy. Boat and stage lines between N. Y. and Phila. via Bordentown. 1736. John Anderson, President of the Council, looks after affairs of State, until succeeded by John Hamilton, son of Ex. Gov. Andrew Hamilton. Aaron Burr's father, pastor of 1st Pres. church, Newark. 1737. N. J. visited by an earthquake. 1738. Lewis Morris commissioned as Gov. of N. J., now separate from N. Y. Served till his death in 1746. Princeton College founded. Lewis Morris, Gov. 1739. Weekly mail Phila. to N. Y. across N. J. 1740. German Valley settled. Rev. Geo. Whitefield at Elizabeth. 1743 — March 9. First iron output from furnace at Oxford, Warren County. 1746. John Hamilton again Governor and Ex. -officio Pres. of the Covmcil. His death, soon after, brings the next Councilman in rank, John Reading, into the Gov- ernor's Chair. Death in May of Gov. Morris. 1747. Arrival of the king's appointee, Jonathan Belcher, who holds office for ten years. College of N. J. incor- porated and located at Elizabethtown, but removed to Newark in 1748. 1748. College of N. J. removed to Newark. 38 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1750. Trenton Public Library established. 1751. James Parker starts the first printing press at Woodbridge. 1756. College of N. J. makes its second move to Prince- ton and founds Nassau Hall. Stage line, in Nov., be- tween New York and Philadelphia via Perth Amboy and Trenton. 1757. John Reading, now as Pres. of the Council again acting Governor. Death of Gov. Belcher Apr. "7(3, also Rev. Aaron Burr, Pres. N. J. College. 1758. Arrival of Francis Bernard, who, after two years service, is transferred to Boston. The first periodical in N. J. "An American Magazine" published at Wood- bridge. Indian title to N. J. ceded by the Indians — Mini- sinks, Waprings, etc. — for >;1,000. at a conference with Gov. Bernard at Easton, Oct. 18. 1760. Thomas Boone, after one year's service as Gov. transferred to South Carolina. 1761. Josiah Hardy is removed after two years and ap- pointed Consul in Spain. Yearly meeting (Friends) transferred to Philadelphia. 1763. William Franklin closes the line of royal governors of New Jersey, and the people parted from him in 1776 with no regret. The people went even farther than this — the Assembly declarmg his proclamation of May 30, 76, "unworthy of attention" and Congress not only declared him a "public enemy", but discontinued his salary and ordered Col. Haserd. the militia Commander ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 39 of ^Middlesex Co.. to demand his written parole to vacate all authority. His refusal to sign caused his arrest, examination and sending, by order of Congress, to Connecticut for confinement. When released, he sailed for England, where he died in 1813. His father, Benjamin Franklin, was sorely tried by the disloyalty of his only son and refused to intercede for him. who had virtually taken up arms against "both" father and country. The Governor had secretly and openly op- posed the provincial Congress whenever it sought to co-operate with other colonies in furtherance of the cause of liberty and independence. Provoked at the disobedience of the House, the Governor prorogued it Dec. 6. 75, to Jan. 3. '76, but it never met again. A convention took its place, and Feb. 6, 1776. appointed William Livingston, Richard Smith, John Hart, John Cooper and J. D. Sergeant delegates to the Continental Congress at Phila. July 18. '76. the provincial Congress — which styled itself the "Convention of New Jersey." The first legislature, under the new Constitution met at Princeton. 1765 — Sept. Stamp distributor Coxe is glad to resign his oflftce. Delegates (Oct. 7) to convention of nine colonies at New York publish a Declaration of Rights. 1766. Organization in N. J. of the first Medical Society, July 23. First convention of Epis. ministers — from N. J., Connecticut. New York, and Philadelphia — held in Nov. at Elizabethtown. 1770. Rutger's chartered as Queen's College at New Brunswick, by George HI. 1771. The Public Printer, of N. J.. Isaac Collins, gets out an Almanac, which appears annually for 20 years. 1774 _ July 21. Wm. Livingston and forty others chosen delegates, at New Brunswick, to the Congress at Philadelphia. 40 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1775 _ Jan. 11. The Assembly of N. J. approves the proceedings of Congress at Philadelphia. 1777. The Council of Safety, with J. D. Sergeant as Treas- urer, had been appointed to act when the provincial Congress was not in session. Its first meeting, March 18, was at Hoddonfield. This Council of the State, or State Council, as it was afterwards called, had power to imprison enemies or suspicious persons, send traitors and tories across the line, etc. This year occurred Gen. Washington's New Jersey campaign and capture of Hessians at Trenton. Other movements to check- mate or avoid Lord Cornwallis took the patriot army to Princeton, Morristown, etc. Gen. Putnam and Gen. Sullivan stationed at Morristown till the enemy left New Jersey. The suiiferings of the troops during the winter of 1777-8 for want of both food and clothing was ter- rible. None had good shoes and 3,989 were in camp unfit for duty for want of clothes. 1778. July. Congress adopts a form of ratification which the N. J. Del. and Maryland delegates do not sign. These states are appealed to by letter of Sept. 14, which is laid before the Legislature by the Governor, who urges dispatch in the ratification as of the highest im- portance. The question of Crown lands was the stick- ing point with New Jersey. A new legislature is elected and convenes Oct. 27, at Trenton. Wm. Livingston again chosen Governor. After much deliberation N. J. consents, Nov. 14, to waive her private rights for the public good and authorizes her delegates "to ratify the articles of confederation and union for the public good." She also votes to tax herself to the extent of 100,000 pounds for the public needs. Sir Henry Clinton, fear- ing an expected French fleet, leaves Phila., crosses the Delaware and the State of New Jersey via Amboy for New York, and Gen. Washington tries to head him off. ANNAIvS OF NEW JERSKY. 41 1779. N. J. State troops in a destitute condition. In May it was voted to raise one million pounds by the Dec. following to meet the demands of Congress and the necessities of the State. An act to regulate and limit the price of labor, merchandise, etc., suspended. Congress orders the states to raise $15,000,000, payable in monthly installments and $(),000,000 a year for 18 years. The depreciated currency explains these large sums — as the Governor's salary was 7,000 pounds, Chief Justice 5,000 pounds, and so on. People anx- iusly looking for relief to the Treaty with France. The Jersey brigade is stationed for the winter at Elizabeth- town to protect against British invasion from Staten Island. Depreciation of money goes from five or six dollars for one. to $27 or $28 for one, this year. Shepherd Kolloch establishes the N. J. Journal at Chatham. 1780. Amount of Continental money afloat over $300,- 000,000, and N. J. called on for means to redeem her share of the debt. Congress passes a resolution that the money be taken, at the rate of 40 to 1, and new issues, endorsed by the states, be made. Says Wash- ington: "Our financial concerns are in an alarming state of derangement; the public credit is almost ar- rived at its last stage." War confined to the South, while Arnold's treason confronts the North, Sept. 1780. Depreciation of money this year from 27 or 28 for one to 50 or 60 dollars for one. 1781. Jan. 2. An act passed to ascertain the value of Continental money and take it out of circulation. New Jersey complains that she is bearing "more'' than her share of public burdens. The N. J. Assembly pass an act authorizing Congress "to levy duties of 5 per cent, advalorem on merchandise imported into this State and on prizes and prize goods and for appropriating the same." N. J. called on by Congress to pay her share of the 8.000.000 pounds required to carry on the war. Continental money almost stops circulating, after a few months, having depreciated several hundred dollars for 42 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSKV. one of specie. The states called on for specific supplies instead of money — as beef, pork, flour, etc. — but this plan failed. 1782. May 4. The N. J. State Authorities declare that any person or state, which shall presume to treat, di- rectly or indirectly, with the enemy, shall be regarded as a common foe. Treaty of Peace signed Nov. 30th. The State furnished about 20,000 men out of a popula- tion of 100,000 for the war, and had only one Major General during the period. Her soldiers were not office seekers. Elias Boudinot chosen Pres. of the Continental Congress, Nov. 4. 1783. May 19. Gov. Livingston congratulates the people of N. J. on the auspicious termination of the war. New Jersey, by act of June 11, authorizes Congress to levy duties on imports into its territory. Congress proposed to continue these duties for 25 years, to pay off the prin- cipal and interest of public debt, amounting to 42 mil- lion dollars, of which eight millions was a foreign loan. N. Y. and Georgia opposed and defeated the measure, much to the disgust of New Jersey, whose share of the $1,500,000 to be raised annually would have been $83,- 858. The Continental Congress meets June 30 at Trenton, and again Nov. 1, 1784. 1784. Jan. 14. Congress ratifies the definitive treaty of peace, signed Sept. 3. 1783, between Great Britain and the U. S. Formal opening by the Dutch Reformed Church (as the result of a convention held in N. Y. in 1771) of a Theological Seminary at New Brunswick, the first institution of its kind in America. New Jersey now has eight furnaces and 79 forges for iron making. Incorporation of New Brunswick. 1785. John Fitch, of Trenton, runs the "first" steamboat in the world. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 43 1786. N. J. appoints commissioners to meet those from Virginia and other states to consider "the exigencies of the Union", and "The Jersey Plan" is presented. New Constitution proposed for the Confederation. John Fitch petitions the Legislature for a patent on his steamboat invention. 1787. Gov. Livingston is "more distressed", says he, "by the gloomy posture of our public affairs than I ever was by the most gloomy appearances during the war," and adds, "I fear we shall not be able, for ten years, to sup- port the independence which has cost us so much blood and treasure to acquire." New Jersey, the third state to ratify (Dec. 18) the Constitution, Delaware and Pa. ranking first. The Convention advised N. J. to offer to Congress a "District", not exceeding ten miles square, for seat of Government, with exclusive juris- diction. Fitch secures from the Legislatures of New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Delaware the exclusive right, for 15 years of running steamboats on their water, and Remsey the same privilege from Virginia, Maryland and New York. 1788. Governor Livingston congratulates the State on its prominent part in framing and early adopting the Fed- eral Constitution. "Thanks to God that I have lived to see this auspicious period"! Wm. Patterson and Jona- than Elmer chosen (Nov. 25th) Senators and Abraham Clark, Jonathan Dayton, Reoresentatives, to meet at New York in March 1789. William Livingston, the first American or Union Governor of N. J., served from 1789 to 1790, a period of 11 years. Fitch's second trial of his steamboat. 1789. Congress meets at New York, 11 states being rep- resented. Twelve articles, as amendments to the Con- stitution, agreed on by Congress — but N. J. objects, by its Legislature, Oct. 29, to that article relating to the membership of the House of Representatives. Washington's journey, in April, from Virginia to New York, was "a perfect ovation" a "triumphal procession" 44 HISTORICAIv HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. — especially at Trenton and other places in New Jersey. His reception by "the gentle sex" is historical. 1790. Congress agrees to assume 21 million dollars of State debts — and New Jersey's share was $800,000, which thus assumed, was to be loaned to the U. S. by the creditors holding the claims. The legislature di- rects the manner ot appointing Senators, Electors and Vice-President. Death, July 25, of Gov. Livingston and election, Oct. 29, of Wm. Patterson, who served till March 1793, when he resigned to become Associate Judge of U. S. Supreme Court. Trenton selected, Nov. 25, as the future seat of government. John Fitch's steamboat plies for hire on the rivers covered by his patent. First iron refining forge on the Paulinskill in Sussex Co. 1791. The proposed loan to the U. S. of Creditor's Claims against N. J. amounts to $600,000 and the Legislature asks Congress to extend the time. Six Postoffiices now in N. J. Wm. Paterson (1745-1806) the second gover- nor of N. J., served till 1793 — two years. He was born at sea and died in Albany, N. Y., at the age of 61. 1792. One of the first rolling mills of the country in ope- ration at Dover, Morris Co. Trenton incorporated: Nev. 13. 1794. Richard Howell becomes governor and served till 1801. He was born in Newark in 1753 and died in Trenton in 1802, at the age of 49. Iron manufactured in N. J.: 1200 tons bar, 1000 tons pigiron and 80 tons of nail rods. First factory in N. J. to print calico, at Paterson. 1795. Jonathan Dayton, Speaker of the House until March 3, 1797, and from May 1797 to March 1799. 1796. Nucleus of the State Library is formed. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 45 1798. The Legislature forbids the interstate traffic in slaves. 1800. A nail factory in operation at Trenton. Women vote at Elizabethtown election — as they did under the Constitution of 1776. 1801. Joseph Bloomfield appointed Governor and serves for one term — but is re-elected in 1803 and serves till 1812. He died in Burlington in 1823. The Morris Turnpike Co. chartered. Also a turnpike from Eliza- bethtown to the Delaware via Morristown. From 1801 to 1872 about 250 turnpike companies. 1802. John Lambert, Vice-President of the Council and acting Governor. The "Federalist and N. J. Gazette" changed to "Trenton" Federalist. Jonathan Dayton U. S. Senator from 1799 to 1805, and Aaron Ogden U S. Senator from 1801 to 1803. 1803. Joseph Bloomfield re-elected Governor and serves till 1812. John Condit U. S. Senator from Sept. 1803 to March 3, 1809. Third robbery of the State Treasury at Trenton. 1804. The Legislature orders eight copies of Jefferson's Manual. Passage of an Act for the gradual Abolition of Slavery. Slaves in N. J. in 1800 number 12,422. Newark Bank, the first in the State, chartered. 1805. Aaron Kitchell U. S Senator from March 4, 1805 to March 3, 1815. 1806. People allowed to vote for a court house and jail in Essex Co. The State House has a belfry, but is minus a bell to call legislators and courts together; so 46 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. a bell is ordered. A British vessel fires on an American Coaster off Sandy Hook. 1807. The Legislature provides for the choice of electors for Pres. and Vice-Pres., and also Representatives by popular vote. Suffrage again denied to women be- cause a general election had been carried by fraud, and of course women did it. Wm. L. Dayton (Fremont and Dayton) born at Baskinridge, Feb. 7. 1808. The laws and journals of Congress and the states ordered for the state library 1809. Bible Society formed to give away Bibles. Electoral vote of N. J.: James Madison 8, George Clinton 8. John Lambert U. S. Senator from N. J. 1809. Organization of a Bible Society. 1810. Census of slaves in N. J., 10,851. Glass works in operation at Glassboro. 1811. A canal in Cumberland Co. chartered. 1812. Princeton Theological Seminary (Pres.) chartered. Aaron Ogden, Governor until 1813, born in Elizabeth- town 1756 and died in Jersey City in 1839, aged 83. State Library catalogued. New Jersey places herself on record five (5) months before war is declared as ready for war with Great Britain. 1813. William S. Pennington, fourth Governor-, of the State, from 1813 to 1815. Born in Newark in 1757 and died there in 1826, aged 69. New Jersey begins to arm her 3000 militia. Princeton incorporated. The "Quar- terly Theological and Religious Depository" started. 1814. Huson's cotton factory in operation at Trenton. ANNA1.S OF NEW JERSEY. 47 1815. James J. Wilson U. S. Senator from March 1815 to Jan. 1821. Mahlon Dickerson, the seventh Gover- nor, served until 1817. He was born in 1770 and died in 1853, aged 83. A charter granted John Stevens lor a railroad, wood and iron, from near Trenton to near Brunswick — to be called the N. J. Railroad Co. — this being "the first" railroad charter in America. 1816. The Legislature creates a fund for the support of free schools in the State and orders $15,000 invested in U. S. Bonds, bearing 6 per cent. Clay Pit Creek and Canal Co. chartered. Gov. Dickerson advocates the connection of Delaware and Raritan rivers by canal. 1817. Isaac H. Williamson Governor till 1829. He was born in Elizabethtown in 1709 and died there in 1844, aged 75. Mahlon Dickerson U. S. Senator till 1829. All dividends on certain stocks issued by the State to be used for school purposes. Billings' carding mill in operation near Newark. 1818. Perth Amboy has a Methodist church. The first at Salem in 1784. School fund amounts to $113,238.78. 1819. J. J. Wilson and Mahlon Dickerson represent N. J. in the U. S. Senate. 1820. The N. J., Delaware and Raritan Canal Company chartered, and the Legislature authorizes the opening of books and taking of subscriptions for this canal in Philadelphia, New York and other cities. Townships may raise money to educate poor children. Jersey City incorporated. Glass works in operation in Hammon- ton, Atlantic Co., and Clemonton, Camden Co. 1821. Electoral vote of N. J.: James Monroe, Virgiana, 8, and Daniel D. Thompkins, N. Y.. 8. S. L. Southard U. S. Senator from Jan. 26, 1821, to Nov. 12. 1823. 48 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1822. A State librarian appointed. Charter of the Wash- ington Canal Co., and survey of the Morris Canal route — lOU miles — ordered by the Legislature. 1823. Charter granted the Orange and Sussex Canal Co., and commission appointed to report cost and desir- ability of the Delaware and Raritan Canal. Paterson's two duck factories use a ton of flax a day and supply the U. S. Navy with canvas. Joseph Mcllvaine U. S. Senator 1823-26. S. L. Southard, of N. J., becomes Sec'y of U. S. Navy, Sept. 16. 1824. Warren county erected. Arrival, Sept. 22. of Gen. Lafayette and the cities of N. J. vie to do him honor. Morris and Essex Canal Co. chartered — with capital one million, to connect at a cost of two million dollars — the Delaware and Hudson rivers. 1825. The M. and E. Canal begun and completed by 1831 — to allow 25 ton boats to go from Newark to Phillips- burg. Salem Creek Canal Co. born. Glass works at Watcrford. S. L. Southard becomes Sec'y of U. S. Treasury. Biblical Repository and Theological Re- view started at Princeton. 1826. Surrender for $90,000 of the great Canal charter to the State, after 12 years' fruitless effort to get funds to build it. Ephraim Bateman U. S. Senator 1826-29. Population of N. J. 300.000, an increase since 1776, or first half century, of 175,000, or 140 per cent. 1827. Seth Bryden inaugurates the manufacture of mal- leable iron at Newark. Townships authorized to raise money for the building and repair of school houses. Internal Improvement Convention held at Princeton. Theodore Frelinghuysen and Mahlon Dickcrson U. S. Senators. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 49 1828. Canal from Newark to N. Y. Bay. Total vote for President 45,708. Southard becomes U. S. Sec'y of War. Congress autliorizes the building of Delaware Breakwater. The "Central Committee ' report one- third the children of the State without schooimg of any kind. 1829. Isaac H. Williamson, who had served as Governor since 1817, is succeeded by Peter D. Vroom, the ninth Governor, who serves till 1832 — three years. He died in 1873, aged 82. Glass works at Jackson in ope- ration. Edge Hill military school established at Prince- ton. Monmiient erected at Red Bank. The Trenton Federalist becomes the present State Gazette. Town- ships divided into school districts and $20,0UU set apart to counties for common schools. 1830. Slaves in N. J., 2,254, the census report. Delaware .and Raritan Canal Co. chartered — charter 30 years to run — with 47 amendments thereto. Camden and Am- boy Tfansportation Co. — the first R. R. in operation in N. J. 1831. Consolidation of tlie Delaware and Raritan Canal Co. with the Camden and Amboy R. R. — the State getting 1000 shares of the stock. Free schools started at Burlington. 1832. Samuel L. So.utliard. the tenth Governor, serves tiU 1833. He died in Virghiia, aged 55. When Gov. Southaj-d became U. S. Senator Feb. 27, Seeley suc- ceeded him. Napoleon s brother, Joseph, living since 1812 on his 1400 acre farm at Bordenton. Indian titles in the State .again extinguished for about $2,000. 1833. Elias P. Seeley serves part of a term as governor and is succeeded by Peter D. Vroom. who serves till 1836 — three years. Manasquann River and Barnegat 50 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Bay Canal Co. chartered. The Morris Canal reaches Newark. First train passes over the Camden and Am- boy R. R. 1834. Alahlon Dickerson becomes U. S. Sec'y of War. Lawrenceville Female Seminary and Bottleville and Montville Conal Co. chartered. Solitary confinement introduced into State penitentiary. The Commissioners of N. J. and N. Y. agree on the boundary line between the two states. Jackson appoints Mahlon Dickerson Sec'y of the Navy, June 30. 1835. Morris and Essex R. R. Co. chartered — and when completed the road had cost $27,888,476.74. Wading River Manufacturing Co. formed. 1836. Philemon Dickerson, the thirteenth Governor, serves 1836-7. He was born in 1788, and died in 1862, aged 74. Presidential vote of N. J. 51,729. Charter of the Camden and Atlantic R. R. Its 59 miles from Cooper's Point to Atlantic City cost about two million dollars, or about $33,900 a mile. The penitentiary be- gun in 1832, completed at a cost of $180,000. and built of red sand stone from the Ewing quarries. 1837. Wm. Pennington, the eleventh Governor, serves 1837 to 1843. He was born in 1796. and died 1862, aged 66. Atlantic and Passaic counties erected. Bergin Port Co. The old state prison declared a public arsenal. College for women — St. Mary's Hall — opened at Burlington. 1838. Mercer county formed. Religious denominations demand a division of the public school money in pro- portion to children taught. Public meetings at Tren- ton to remodel the school system. Great fire at New- ark. The Trenton and New Brunswick R. R. begun. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 51 1839. Bitter dispute in the 2Gth Congress about the right of N. J. members to seats. This controversy called Gov. Pennington's "Broad Seal War." Commission appointed to inquire whether a State lunatic asylum is needed. 1840. Presidential vote of N. J. 64,385. Hudson county erected and N. J. Historical Society formed at Trenton. The manufacture of silk from the cocoon begun at Paterson by John Rawle, of England. First anthracite furnace blown in Sussex Co. at Stanhope. 1841. Electoral vote of N. J. stood: Wm. H. Harrison, of Ohio, 8 votes, and John Tyler, of Virginia, 8 votes. The Pennington Seminary started — and both sexes admitted thereto in 1853. 1842. The American Nickel Works — first in America — started near Camden — and its nickel used in our coins and its products in the ornamentation of the State Capitol at Trenton. 1843. Daniel Haines, the fifteenth Governor, serves 1843-4 — one year, and is re-elected in 1848. Born in 1804 he died in 1877 — at the age of 72. Freehojd In- stitute started. Proposed revision of State Consti- tution. 1844. Charles C. Stratton, the sixteenth Governor, serves 1844-48 — four years. He was the first Governor elected by the people under the new Constitution. Presidential vote of N. J. 76,944. Camden County erected. Perth Amboy incorporated, and school super- intendents authorized. Washington Manufacturing Co. started at Camden. 1845. The State House ordered roofed ''in the style of the Mercer Co. Court House." State Supt. of Schools, F. F. King, 1845-52. Miss Dix, of Massachusetts, 52 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NKW JERSEY. urges the Legislature to provide for the insane. Fire brick factory started at Trenton. 1846. War with Mexico calls out many volunteers from N. J. and Gov. Stratton furnishes one regiment of in- fantry. Burlington College and Newark Library founded. Town school superintendents authorized. First authorization ot town superintendent of schools April 7. 1847. Cooper and Hewitt, of N. Y., reoperate the furnace at Andover, Sussex Co., which made superior iron during the Revolution. In 1778 Congress ordered its steel made from this iron — but later seized the works, because owned by rebels. 1848. Daniel Haines serves again, as Governor, 1848-51 — three years. Total vote of IN. J. for President 77,- 765. Wm. L. Dayton and J. W. Miller. U. S. Senators. The State Lunatic Asylum — Trenton — opened. 1849. Central Railroad of New Jersey chartered — and its 75 miles from Jersey City to Phillipsburg cost when completed, $20,077,208.11, or about $26,770 per mile. John Roebling, of Suspension Bridge fame, starts his wire works at Trenton. New Jersey raises $45,000 for Ireland's starving poor. 1850. Ocean County erected. House of Refuge provided by the State and joint resolution to light the State House with gas. 1851. George F. Fort, the eighteenth Governor, serves 1851-54 — three years. Born in 1809, he dies in 1872. age 63 years. Charter of the Warren R. R., whose 16 miles cost over three million dollars, or about $187,- 500 a mile. Annual appropriation for schools increased to $80,000. ANNAI^S OF NEW JliRSEY. 53 1852. Completion of the Central R. R. of N. J. J. H. Phillips, State Supt. of Schools from 1852 to 1860. State lands at Paterson sold and proceeds added to school fund. Total vote of N. J. for President 83,283. R. F. Stockton and J. W. Miller U. S. Senators. 1853. Bordentown Female College established and the Morris and Essex R. R. completed. Charter of the West Jersey R. R., whose 81 miles cost about two mil- lion dollars, or about $24,691 per mile. Bordentown female college, started in 1851, char- tered. 1854. Rodman M. Price, the nineteenth Governor, served 1854-7 — three years. Born in 1816. Geological sur- vey of the State ordered. Teachers" Institutes estab- lished by law and one "Webster" given to each school. Camden and Atlantic R. R. completed and extension of charter to 18S8 granted the Camden and Amboy. 1855. State Normal School at Trenton begins life with $10,000. Seaton Hall College started. Nassau Hall, or North College, built in 1756, destroyed a second time by fire — the first time in 1802. When first built it was the largest house on the American Continent and the Continental Congress once (1783) occupied it. Both British and Americans used it as barracks and hospital. 1856. Total vote of N. J. for President 99,396. State Normal School opened — also Farnam's School at I Beverly. Union Canal Co. chartered. 1857. Wm. A. Newell, the twentieth Governor, served 1857-60 — three years. Born in 1819 at Franklin, O. Union County erected. Completion of the West Jersey R. R. to Woodbury. The New Jersey State Gazette 54 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NKW JERSEY. becomes Daily State Gazette and Republican. Origin- ally started in 1791. 1858. William Wright and John R. Thompson U. S Senators. 1859. John C. Ten Eyck U. S. Senator from March 17, '59, to March 3, 1865. 1860. Charles Smith Olden, the twenty-tirst Governor, served 1860-63 — three years. He was born in 1799, and died in 1876, age 77 years. Wm. Kitchell made Geological Surveyor of the State, F. W. Ricord, State Supt. of Schools 1860-64. Salem Creek and Woodstown Canal; and Morristown, Hanover and Barnegat Bay Canal Co. Number of slaves in N. J. reduced to 18, as compared with 2, 254 in 1830 and 10,- 851 in 1810. Total vote of N. J. for President of U. S. 121,125. State Union Convention (Dec. 11) at Trenton, favors compromise between North and South. 1861. New Jersey allows the families of her militiamen $6 a month and provides for widows over $2,500,000 — giving soldiers !iji4 a month additional to U. S. pay. West Jersey R. R. finished to Bridgeton. The Mill- ville and Glassboro R. R. completed. Mercer Zinc Works started. Joint resolution Jan. 29th of the N. J. Legislature, declaring it a public duty to stand by the Union and yet favoring conciliatory measures with the South. Commissioners to a Peace Congress appointed. Population of State 676,000. Extra session of Legis- lature and State loan of two million dollars, payable in four and eight years. The first company mustered in May 21 by Capt. Hatfield, and went into camp at Trenton. 1862. The Pres. calls on N. J., July 7, for five regiments of infantry and the Governor at once locates five camps: Camp Perrine, at Trenton; Camp Stockton, at Wood- bury; Camp Frelinghuysen, at Newark; Camp Vreden- burg, at Freehold, and Camp Fair Oaks, at Fleming- ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 55 ton. The 11th, 12th, 13th, 14th and 15th Regt's mus- tered under this call. Draft ordered in Aug., but by Sept. 2 the five camps had 10,800 volunteers, thus ob- viating the necessity. The State spends for war pur- poses over $500,000 this year. 1863. Joel Parker, the twenty-second Governor, served 1863-66 — three years. He was born 1816, died 1888 — age 72 years. The Legislature authorizes the Gover- nor to receive the Agricultural land scrip due the State from Government. $10,000 appropriated for a Library wing to the Capitol. Pres. Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation Jan. 1, '63. Quota of N. J. under the Draft fixed at 8,783 men, and Rendezvous at Beverly, Trenton, Newark, Freehold, Flemington, and Hudson City. Another half million spent for war. 1864. Provision made to give Rutgers Scientific School the benefit of the College land scrip. C. M. Harrison, State Supt. of Schools — 1864-6. A survey of the water fronts of N. J. ordered with view to selling and leasing riparian rights. Completion of the Northern N. J. Railroad. The "Passaic Flax Mills" established at Paterson. Iron product of N. J. in 1864, 226,000 tons The 37th Regiment ordered under the 100 day men call, but were mustered out Oct. 1, '64. Total vote of N. J. for President U. S. 136,048. 1865. Soldiers' Children's Home incorporated — site near Trenton. The "American Velvet Co." erects a factory at Paterson, its first being at Newark. The "Clark Thread Co." erects a $750,000 factory at Newark. The 40th and last regiment of the war mustered in March 10, '65. Electoral vote of N. J.: Geo. B. Mc- Clellan 7 votes, and Geo. H. Pendleton, of Ohio, 7 votes. The State buys the Model and Reform School buildings at Trenton, and starts a Juvenile Offenders Reform School. 56 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1866. Marcus L. Ward, Governor, served 1866-69 — three years. Died 1884 in Newark, where he was born — age of 72 years. "The N. J. Home for Disabled Sol- diers" on Alt. Pleasant, Newark, ready for occupancy July 4, '66. State Reform Farm, 490 acres, near James- bury, Middlesex Co., purchased and 10 years later it had 214 inmates. E. A. Apgar, State Supt. of Schools 1866. State Board of Education established. Amer- ican Saw Co., capital $250,000, started at Trenton. Marion founded and the U. S. Watch Co. established there. Newark celebrates her 200th anniversary. State Board of Education established and sectarian support of schools abandoned. 1867. Drew Theological Seminary, 14 miles west of New- ark, started. Iron product of the State this year 275.000 tons. Frederick T. Freelinghuysen chosen U. S. Sen- ator, Jan. 23, 1867, to fill a vacancy. Cattel, the other U. S. Senator. Census shows 230,518 children between five and eighteen in the State of N. J. State Reform School at Jamesbury opened. 1868. The New Jersey Collegiate Institute of Bordentown established. N. J. contains 13 glass factories, making over one million dollars in window glass and 20 fur- naces making more than that value of hollow ware. Total vote of N. J. for President of the U. S. 163.122. Appropriation of $100,000 for schools. Legislative withdrawal of its ratification of 14th Amendment, April. 1869. Theodore F. Randolph, Governor three years, from 1869-72. He was born in 1816, and died in 1883 — age 67 years. The Mechanic Institute, Somerset Co., established. Also the German Theological school of Newark. Boundbrook and Plainfield Canal Co. "Na- tional Guard Law'' passed by the Legislature — provid- ing not more than 60 companies of infantry, but was modified in 1872 and 1877. George M. Robeson, Sec'y of U. S. Navy. ANNALS OF NEW JERSEY. 57 Surrender, after 40 years monopoly, of reserved rights of Camden and Amboy Railroad, and Delaware and Raritan Canal, thus securing "free trade" across the State. Bequest of "Stevens' Battery" and $1,000,000 for its completion, accepted by the Governor for tlie State. 1870. Overpeck Creek Canal Co. formed. The Raritan and Delaware Bay R. R., chartered in 1854, becomes the N. J. Southern. Its 49 miles from Sandy Hook to Tom's River cost $6,000,000. Newark's manufactures amount to nearly $40,000,000 a year. Hints of the forth- coming Centennial. The Legislature declines to ratify the XV Amend- ment, Feb. 15. 1871. Land for the Morris Plains Asylum (Morris Co.), 430 acres, $82,(372.11, purchased, and later buildings costing $2,250,000 erected thereon. Occupied Aug. 17, 1876, and that year it has 346 inmates. Reported Mica mines in N. J. All public schools made free of tuition. New Jersey Coast Canal Co., capital ten million dollars. United Roads and Canal leased to Pennsylvania Central for 999 years. Opening of Stevens Institute of Technology at Ho- boken, and State Industrial School for Girls at Trenton. Inauguration of the free school system in N. J. 1872. Joel Parker again Governor. Served 1872-1875 — three years. Capitol enlarged to accomodate the Senate and House, and $120,000 appropriated. The State ap- propriates $5,000 annually for three years to State Library. The proceeds of riparian leases ordered into the school fund. Product of the iron mines of the State for the year 1871 — 450,000 tons, of which four-fifths came from Morris Co. and one-fifth from Warren, Pas- saic, Sussex and Hamilton counties. Congress pro- vides for the Centennial of 1876. Presidential vote 169,065. 5. ii OJ p ^ «S ffl " s O r '-' S ^ 1 >^ «- ■> ^ x -X or X - o" X X X X 5d cr. •< i^ 1^ l^ i^ 1^ Pi "" !L 2 cS X ■c < d ^ O H 'vJ K T c O m > '& ^ ^ 1 1 ^ o > ^ ^ as d X ^ o ^ -1 cc z z i> c^i x" c- CJ d x' o 1— 1- !M u u. )-. I. "5 1 ^ ^ >. >> J^' X 2 u u ca 5 - C rt cc n _ y V ij s ^ o o o - U l; 4/ : "- 1) a. Q C Q ^ ^ b < H 'x' S SS ^ 38 ,1 1 < t- 1- 1- t^ l-~ M " " '" X a U -;^ "5 H r t/ r" — ^ -i; (L > » H (i. ct i IT; r > o o rt f ■^ '5 C 1^ a; r 1 X ^ i ^ c 5 d z c- cr lO •XI I- STATES ADMITTED. 73 STATES ADMITTED SINCE THE ORIGINAL THIRTEEN DATE OF ADMISSION. Vermont Kentucky Tennessee Ohio Louisiana Indiana Mississippi . . . Illinois Alabama Maine Missouri Arkansas . . . . Michigan Florida Texas Iowa Wisconsin . . . . California Minnesota . . . . Oregon Kansas West Virginia Nevada Nebraska Colorado . North Dakota South Dakota Montana Washington . . Idaho Wyoming Utah 1791, 1792, 17>^6, 180'J, 1S12. ISIB, 1817, 1818, 1819, 1820, 1821, 1836, 1837, 1845, 1845, 1846. 1848. 1850, 1858, 1859, 1861, 1863, 1864, 1867, 1876, 1883, 1889, 1889, 1889, 1890, 1890, 1896, March 4 June 1 June 1 November 29 April 30 December 11 December 10 December 3 December 14, March 15, August 10. June 15, January 26, March 3, December 29, December 28. May 29, September 9. May P'ebruary 14 Januarv 29 June ' 19 October 31 March 1 August 1 November 2 November 2 November 8 November 11 Julv 3 July 11 January 4 ITEMIZED INFORMATION CONCERNING THE HISTORY, GEOGRAPHY, GEOLOGY, RESOURCES AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE STATE. ] One of the original 13 States, New Jersey adopted, July 2, 1776, her "first" Constitution, which remained in force till June 29, 1844. Sept. 20, 1777, she substituted the word "State" for the word "Colony." 2 What names had the province before it was called "New" Jersey, in honor of Sir George Carteret, who was Governor of Old Jersey? New Canary and Nova Caesaria. The latter name appears in the original grant from the king of England. 3 In what portion, or quarter, of the United States (omitting Alaska and Hawaii) is New Jersey? The N. E. one-fourth being one of the Middle Atlantic States, in a sort of ocean bay; midway between Massachusetts and North Carolina. 4 How long under the partial control of New Sweden? 11 years; 1642 to 1653. 5 How long under the Duke of York and his ap- pointees? 12 years; 1664 to 1676. 6 How long was "East" Jersey under the proprietary and royal governors? 25 years; 1677 to 1702. 7 How long "West" Jersey? 1676 to 1702 — 26 years. 8 How long were E. and W. Jersey, united, under English control, emanating from New York? 36 years; 1702 to 1738. — Cornbury to Hamilton. THINGS NEW AND OI,D. 75 1 How long under English control, independent of New York? 38 years; 1738 to 1776. 2 How long under committees of safety, councils of State and regular governors, while the Constitution of 1776 was in force? 68 years, or from 1776 to 1844. 3 How many State Administrations under and since the Constitution of 1844? Eighteen: Govs. Stratton, Haines, Fort, Price, Newell, Olden, Parker, Ward, Randolph, Parker. Bedle, McClellan, Ludlow, Abbott, Green, Abbett, Werts and Griggs — or 16 different governors in about 50 years. 4 How long was what is now called New Jersey un- der the New Netherlands and its Dutch Governors? About 50 years, viz. : 1614 to 1646, and 1646 to 1664. 5 What is the general shape of N. J.? Kidney-shaped — but Franklin compared it to a bag, or barrel, com- pressed in the middle and distended towards the ends, which there discharged their treasure into New York and Philadelphia. It is also peninsular in form. 6 Which State, to the north, separates N. J. from Canada? New York. 7 What State and large Island and Sound to the Northeast? New York State, Long Island and Sound. 8 When was the boundary line between N. J. and N. Y. finally settled? June 28, 1834, by act of Congress, giving New York exclusive control over the waters of New York Bay, Bedlow and Ellis Islands — also of the waters of Kill von Kull, between Staten Island and N. J., while N. J. was given the ownership of land under the water, west of the middle of the Bay and Hudson River, between Manhattan Island and New Jersey. 76 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What is the E. boundary of N. J.? The Atlantic Ocean. 2 What ocean and bay in the South? Atlantic Ocean and Delaware Bay. 3 What State and bay S. W.? Delaware. 4 What State N. W. and W.? Pennsylvania. 5 Which river forms part of the N. E. boundary? The Hudson, for 35 miles. 6 Which the Western? The Delaware, which is navi- gable for ships 96 miles, and for other craft 120 miles. 7 Which states between N. J. and Lakes Erie and Ontario? Pennsylvania and New York. 8 What is the length of the State? 167 miles, and the width about 40 to 60, or average 46. 9 Between what degrees of Lat. and Long, is the State? Lat. 38°, 56'. 41°, 21' N. = 2h degrees Lat. Long. 73°, 54'. 75°, 33' W. = 1 2-3 degrees of Long. 10 How many geographical miles in a degree of longi- tude in the latitude of N. J.? 45 to 47 miles, a degree of longitude measuring 60 miles at the equator and zero, or nothing, at the poles. 11 What is the area of the State? 8,320 square miles, or 5,324,800 acres. 12 How many acres to each inhabitant in 1880, the population then being 1,131,116? 4.07 acres. In 1890, the population being 1,444,933? 3.07 acres. THINGS NEW AND OL,D. 77 1 How many inhabitants to the square mile in 1880? 136. In 1890? 173. 2 Which states have less area than N. J.? Massa- chusetts 7,800, Connecticut 4,750, Delaware 2. 120 and Rhode Island 1,306 square miles. 3 Which State has next more of area than N. J.? New Hampshire, 9,280 square miles. 4 What republic in Europe has less area than N. J.? Montenegro. 5 How much more area has N. J. than Connecticut, Delaware and Rhode Island combined? 144 square miles. 6 What is the extent and value of the State's riparian rights along the Hudson River, Bay of New York, etc.? About 4,500,000 lineal feet, worth 20 cents to over $50 a foot. 7 When were the boundary lines and monuments re- marked and reset between N. J. and N. Y.? In 1884. 8 Which of the New England states have more area than N. J.? Vermont 10,212, New Hampshire 9.280, Maine 35,000 square miles. 9 How many times larger is N. J. than Delaware? Nearly four times. Than Rhode Island? Nearly six times. 10 What country in Europe is one-fifth the size of N. J.? Montenegro. 11 Compare N. J. with Switzerland. N. J. is half the size of that country. 12 What separates Staten Island from N. J.? Arthur- kill Sound and Raritan Bay. 78 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What is the water surface, or area, of N. J.? Coast waters, gulfs and bays, 205 square miles; rivers and streams, 120 square miles; Lakes and ponds, 35 square miles. Total area, 360 square miles. 2 How many rivers, large and small, has N. J.? 2(j, the chief ones being Passaic and Hackensack. Empty- ing N. E. into Newark Bay — Maurice, S. W. into the Delaware — Raritan into Raritan Bay and Great Egg Harbor river into the Atlantic. These are navigable from 10 to 20 miles each. 3 How many lakes has N. J.? Ten; Long, Morris, Green, Greenwood, Budds, Calvers, Hopatcong, Sucker, Swartouts and Wanaganda. 4 What of the lake in Warren Co. on the summit of the mountain? It is a deep lake, two miles in circuit, full of fish, and about 1400 feet above sea level. 5 What islands belong to N. J.? Clam and Long Beach, to say nothing of the many sandy, broken ones, made by the lagoons along the coast. 6 How many counties are there in N. J.? 21. Name some, or all of them. 7 Which County is the largest in area? Burlington, with 8()0 square miles. Which the smallest? Hudson, with 40 sciuare miles. 8 Which County had the most population in 1880? Essex, 180,929. Which was next in population? Hud- son, 187,944. Next? Passaic, with 68,860. Which had 9,765, the least? 9 Which County had most population in 1890? Hud- son, with 275, 12(), and Essex, with 256,098 next. Which least? Cape May, 11,268. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 79' 1 Which counties had between 28,000 and 29,000 in 1890? Atlantic, Gloucester and Somerset. 2 Which counties had the most farms in 1880? Hun- terdon, Monmouth and Morris. 3 Which counties had the most value in farms in 1880? Burlington, Monmouth and Hunterdon. 4 What percentage of the acreage of N. J. farms was unimproved in 1850-90? 1850 — 35.8 per cent; 1860, 34.9; 1870. 33.9; 1880. 28.4; 1890, 24.9 per cent. Aver- age for each decade, 31.6 per cent. 5 Which counties in New Jersey are opposite New York? Sussex, Passaic, Bergen, Middlesex, Hudson, Monmouth, Union. 6 Which counties in New York face New Jersey? Orange. Rockmond. Brooklyn, Richland. Westchester, New York and Kings. 7 Which in N. J. are opposite Pennsylvania? Sussex, Warren, Hunterdon, Mercer, Burlington, Camden, loucester and Salem. Which counties in Pennsylvania are opposite N. J.? ike, Monroe, Northampton, Bucks, Philadelphia and Delaware. 9 Which counties in N. J. face Delaware and Dela- vare Bay? Salem, Cumberland and Cape May. 10 Which counties of the State are on the Aalantic Zoast? Monmouth, Ocean, Burlington, Atlantic and "ape Ma v. 11 Which states are between N. J. and Maine? New ^ork, Connecticut, Massachusetts and New Hampshire. 80 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Which between N. J. and Florida? Delaware, Maryland, Virginia, North and South Carolina, and Georgia. 2 Which states between N. J. and the Mississippi River? Pennsylvania, Ohio, Indiana and Illinois. 3 What countries in Europe and Asia are in the same latitude as N. J.? Spain, Italy, Turkey. Turkestan and China, and portions of the Mediterranean, Black and Caspian Seas. 4 What is the shortest distance by ''map" from N. J. to Lake Ontario? 170 miles. To Lake Erie? 230 miles. To Maine? 200 miles. To Florida? 700 miles. To Canada? 220 miles. To Illinois? 630 miles. To Louisiana? 1,000 miles. To Texas? 1,100 miles. To California? 1,800 miles. To Asia? 5,744 miles. To Cuba? 800 miles. To Europe? 2.944 miles. 5 What separates N. J. from Michigan? Pennsyl- vania and Lake Erie and parts of New York, Ohio and Canada. ] 6 I What might Long Island be compared to? A sea fish or monster with his "severed" head (Staten Island) imbedded in the side of New Jersey — a penalty for his headlong attack. 7 What are the salt water navigable channels called? "Thoroughfares." S Name some of the rivers in and along the State. Hudson. Delaware, Wallkill, Hackensack. Passaic, Rar- itan, Neversink, Shark, Manssaquam, Mitedeconk, Toms, Great and Little Egg Harbor, Maurice. Ranco- cas. Millstone, Cohansey, Musemetong, Paulniskill. 9 Which is the largest river in the Southern part of the State? Maurice, which is navigable for 10 to 20 miles. THINGS NKW AND OI.D. 81 1 How about the tributaries of the Delaware? They ore 10 to 40 miles long, but none navigable above Trenton. 2 How is the river system divided? Part drain west to Delaware River and Bay, and part east to the /vtlantic. 3 How are the Coast bays and sounds formed? By strips of sand which fence in part of the ocean. Breaks in the line form Egg, Barnegat, Cold Spring and other harbors. 4 What State separates New Jersey from Canada? New York to the north and northwest. 5 How extensive is the State coast line? 120 miles, not including Raritan. Delaware and other bays and creeks. From Sandy Hook to Cape May is a narrow, sandy beach, with inlets, separate from the main land, constituting an interior water route, or river. 6 What is noticeable along Delaware Bay? A tide- water meadow from 1 to 10 miles wide with no harbor. 7 Has N. J. much marine business? A large coasting but small foreign trade. 8 What ports of entry has she? Newark, Perth Am- boy. Great Egg Harbor, Tuckerton, Bridgeton and Lamberton. What canals has N. J.? The Morris, 101 miles long, from Jersey City to Phillipsburg — the Delaware and Raritan, 43 miles, from Trenton to New Brunswick, enabling steamboats to pass from New York City to Philadelphia — and some others. 10 Where is most of the commerce of N. J. transacted? At Jersey City, Elizabeth, New Brunswick, Trenton, 82 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Burlington and Camden. Immense amounts of freight for railroads and steamers are handled at Jersey City in aid of the commerce of New York. 1 What is the climate of New Jersey? Much cooler on the heights in the North than near the ocean and lowlands. o What is the average temperature of the two sections named? Northern part 48° to 50° — Southern 53° to 54°. 3 What the rainfall of the State? About 44 inches per annum. 4 What of the soil? Varied m quality or richness and productions. 5 What soil-culture receives special attention in North N. J.? Grain, grass and pasture. 6 What in Middle N. J.? Abundant market products and fruit from a soil artificially enriched. What in Southern N. J.? Grapes and other small fruits from a pine-land region, with thin soil, for the markets of New York and Philadelphia. 8 How has the Delaware shore from Trenton to Salem been described? As a continuous garden. N. J. is the "market-garden" State. 9 What market and other products? Apples, pears, peaches, blackberries, raspberries, strawberries, sweet j potatoes — in large quantities — three million bushels i cranberries in 1880 — live stock, milk, butter, wool, | hops, tobacco, grass and flower seeds, melons, cher- ' ries. etc. 10 What of the timber? In the North, oak. hickory — in the South, pine, stunted oaks and swamp cedar. THINGS N3W AND OI.D. 83 1 What of the face of the country? In the N. W. are the Blue and Shawango mountains, 1,400 to 1,800 feet hiL;h, and the Highland ranges, 1,000 to 1,450 feet, be- tween which is the rich Kittaning valley, 10 miles wide — l)esides the 1st and 2nd mountains and Rocky Hill, •■'I Ml to 600 feet high. 2 What of S. E. New Jersey? A wide plateau, broken l-y a palisade, an extension of the palisades of the liudson. 3 How is the country S. E. of a line drawn from Tren- tc'ii to Raritan? Level, for the remaining three-fifths of the State — the Highland and Neversink Hills being the only elevations. 4 What is the character of S. E. New Jersey? A sandy, pine-covered region, low and rolling. 5 Name some of the principal peaks of the Apalla- chian Chain. Ramapa, Trowbridge, Wenaygando, Hamberg, Scott, Jemmy Jump. G What elevation have the Neversink Highlands? 375 feet. 7 What of the Wehawken Heights? They are near Hoboken and part of the palisades — from whose sum- mit not only Harlem and New York City, but Staten Island and some of the ocean can be seen. 8 What rocks and minerals are found in the State? Building flag-limestone in the N. W. — red sandstone and roofing slate — bog iron ore, zinc and copper — glass sand and the fire-clay used for Bessemer furnaces — beds of rich marl, extending from N. E. to S. W., and peat beds in various places. Geologically speaking, what is the general course of the "Rocks"? N. E. to S. W. 84 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NRW JERSEY. 1 Where is iron ore found? In Sussex, Passaic and Warren counties and also Wahlkill and other valleys. 2 Where are some of the iron furnaces? At Ring- wood, Boonton, Stanhope, Oxford, Phillipsburg, but_ most of the ore has gone to Philadelphia. a How much iron was produced in 1880? 757,372 tons, N. J. ranking fourth in the U. S., producing nine per cent, of the whole product. The price of iron came down in ten years, 1870-1880. 15 to 35 per cent. 4 What was the total value of all the mineral products of N. J. in 1889? $8,275,936, and in 1889 N. J. produced 415,510 long tons of iron ore. 5 Where is blue limestone found and lime extensively made? In the Kittaning, German and Wahlkill valleys. 6 Where sandstone? In Bearfoot, Greenpond and Coperas mountains. 7 Where roofing slate? At Newton and the Dela- ware Water Gap. 8 How wide is the red shale and sandstone field? Thirty miles, in Bergen, Passaic and other counties along the Delaware river. 9 Any coal in N. J.? None, or too far below the sea level for profit. 10 Where is potter's clay found? Near Amboy, Woodbridge and Trenton. 11 Where glass sand? On Maurice river at Winslow, Waterford, Glassboro and Jackson, Salem, Camden and Atlantic counties. Glass factory at Freasbury in 1748. 12 Where are some of the oldest and richest zinc mines in the U. S.? In Sussex Co. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 85 i 1 Where is bog iron found? Under the numerous eds of peat. Total iron ore product of 1880, 076,225 ons; and 1889. 415,510 tons (long( for the State. 2 What are the leading water industries of the State? jhip building, deep sea fishing, oyster catching, shad, lack bass, etc., from rivers, menhodden for "sardines", »il and guano, blue fish, Spanish mackerel, etc. 3 What were the prominent manufacturing industries 1880? "Iron and steel," capital invested, nine mil- ion, product, ten million dollars. "Foundry and ma- hine shops", capital, seven, product, eleven million dol- ars. "Silk and silk goods", capital, seven and product eventeen million dollars. "Sugar", capital two and roduct twenty-three million dollars. "Meat packing", apital two and product twenty-one million dollars. 4 Which counties took the lead in 1850 in population? issex, Burlington and Monmouth. In dwellings? issex, Burlington, and Hunterdon. In farms? Hun- er, Monmouth, and Morris. In manufactures? Essex, Turlington, and Monmouth. 5 What other State items in the census of 1850? 23,- )05 farms, valued at 120 million dollars; 81,064 dwell- ngs, containing 89,080 families. 6 What w^ere the exports from N. J. prior to 1860? 1791,126,988; 1800, $2,289; 1810, $430,000; 1820, $20,511; 1840, $16,076; 1850, $1,655. _ 7 What places of peculiar interest and wonder in N. f.? The "Delaware Water Gap" through the Blueridge where the Delaware contracts, passing for two miles :hrough a gorge between walls 1200 to 1600 feet high. 'Tassaic Falls", 50 to 72 feet high at Paterson. The Mineral Springs on the summit of Schooley's Moun- tain. Add to these thor^^ celebrated sea-side resorts, Cape May, Long Branch Atlantic Citv. Barnegat, etc. 86 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How was the State population of 1880 (l,131,llt)) divided as to sex and nativity? Male, 559,922; female, 571,194; natives, 909,416; foreign, 221,700; colored, 38,- 853; Chinese, 170; Indians, 74. The deaths averaged about 18,000 a year — 9,524 male and 8,950 female. 2 How was the population of 1880 divided as to me- , chanical trades? Tailors and seamstresses, 14,843; car- penters and joiners, 12,354; workers in cotton, silk and wool, 18,940. How in professional or clerical work? Teachers, 4,606; clergymen, 1,654; physicians and sur- geons, 1,595; clerks and salesmen, 16,075; railroad and express company employes, 8,000. 3 What rank in population had N. J. in 1880? The j 19th, New York being first, Pennsylvania second, Ohio third, Illinois fourth, Missouri fifth, and so on. 4 What rank in 1890? The 17th state, N. Y. being first, Pennsylvania second, Illinois third, Ohio fourth, Missouri fifth, Massachusetts sixth, Texas seventh, In- diana eighth, and so on. 5 What places in N. J. had 4,000 or more inhabitants in 1880? Atlaintic, Bayonne. Bordentown. Bridgeton, Burlington, Camden. Chambersburg, Elizabeth, Glou- cester, Hackensack, Harrison, Hoboken, Jersey City, ' Lambertville, Millville, Morristown, Newark, New Brunswick, Orange, Passaic, Paterson, Perth Amboy, J Phillipsburg, Plainfield, Rahway, Salem, Trenton, j Union. What place has been added to the list by the 1 census of 1890? Vineland. J How have the three leading cities of N. J. ranked | since 1869? Newark, 1870, 105,059; 1880, 136,508; 1890, i 181.513. Jersey City, 1870, 82,546; 1880, 120,722; 1890, 163.987. Paterson. 1870. 33,589; 1880. 51,031; 1890, 78,358. 7 How much more population had N. J. in 1880 than Kansas? 135,017. Than South Carolina? 135,361. THINGS NFAV AND OLD. 87 Than California? 266,297. Than Connecticut? 508-,- 300. Than Maine? 482,038. Than Maryland? 196,- 351. Than Vermont? 798,697. Than Minnesota? 350.177. 1 How many states had less population in 1880 than N. J.? 19 states and 11 territories. How many in 1890? 27 states and 9 territories. 2 How many times was the population of New Hamp- shire contained in 1880 in that of N. J.? Three times. Rhode Island? Four times. Oregon? Six times. Delaware? Seven times. Nevada? Nearly twenty times. 3 How much more population had N. J. in 1880 than all the then territories put together? 347,712. which remainder exceeded the population of New Hampshire (346,984) for that year. 4 What was the average value of land in N. J. in 1880? Cleared, $82; timber, $56 an acre. > 5 What part of the population of N. J. in 1880 was born in the U. S.? 870,697. In N. J.? 697.945. In New York? 93,341. In Pennsylvania? 44,736. In Canada? 2,776. In Germany? 64,935. In Great Britain and Ireland? 132,882. Total born in foreign countries, 221,700. 6 What extremes were noted by the census ot 1880 in the ages of New Jersey's people? Over 80 years, 5,- 438 persons — under one year. 28,192 little ones. 7 What valuation was given to the school property in the State in 1880? $6,500,000. What was the public school attendance in 1880? About 50,000 in private and 205,240 in 3241 public schools, whose teachers numbered 3,300. Children of school age, 350,000. 88 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY, 1 How near did New Jersey once come to having the District of Columbia located within her borders? In .1787 the Convention which framed the United States Constitution "Resolved, it is the opinion of this Con- vention that the State of New Jersey 'should' ofifer a cession to Congress of a district not exceeding ten miles square, for the seat of government of the United States over wliich they may exercise exclusive juris- diction." (Minutes of Convention.) 2 Which of the Presidents of the United States was born in New Jersey? Grover Cleveland, born at Cald- well. March 18, 1837. 3 How different was the Indian policy of New Jersey and Pennsylvania from that described by Hennepin in 1680 when speaking of the obstacles to Indian con- version? The opposite, for, says Hennepin: "The Western traders think of nothing but cheating and lying to become rich in a short time. They use all manner of strategems to get the furs of the savages cheap. They make use of lies and cheats to gain double if they can. This without doubt causes an aversion against a religion which they see accompanied by the professors of it, with so many artifices and cheats." 4 How nearly synchronous were the Declaration of Independence ancl the adoption of the State name? Within two days — the latter being July 2 and the former July 4, 1776. When the New Jersey Constitution was adopted it was resolved: "That this house from hence- forth instead of the style and title of the 'Provincial Congress of New Jersey' do adopt and assume the style and title of the 'Convention of the State of New Jer- sey.' " This constituted New Jersey's Declaration of Independence of Great Britain. What was the cost in 1792 of the State House site in Trenton? About £250 for 3f acres, 2| acres of which cost 5 shillings. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 89 1 What were some of the Geological Exhibits of the State at the Centennial? Four hundred and twenty-six .specimens, including sixty-eight of choice mhierals, ihirty-eight of building, roofing, flag and lime stone, twenty zmc ore, six copper, twenty-six potters' clay and glass sand, twenty-two iron and zinc, twenty of fire l)nck pottery, glass, etc. All the products of the State. 2 Whose mail system was adopted by the English Government in l(i})4? That of Colonel John Hamilton, of New Jersey. 3 How many turnpike companies started up after the Morris Turnpike Company began its turnpike via Morristown, from Elizabeth to the Delaware? Fifty- four. That was in 1801, when turnpike legislation com- menced. 4 How long after the first railroad charter in America was granted (that in 1815 to John Stevens, of New Jersey, for a wood and iron road from Trenton to New Brunswick) before the first train passed over the Cam- den and Amboy Railroad its entire length? Eighteen years, or three years after the latter's incorporation. 5 What are the dates of completion of other early lines? 183(J, New Brunsw'ick to Jersey City; 1851, to Lambertville; 1852, Central of New Jersey; 1853, Morris and Essex; 1854, to Easton; 1856, to Belvedere; 1854, Camden and Atlantic; 1857, to Woodbury; 1861, to Bridgeton; 1861. Milville and Glassboro; 1864. The Northern New Jersey. Now (1896) there are about 2,200 miles of railroad in the State. 6 Where did the pioneer land companies or syndi- cates of New Jersey locate their tracts? The Yorkshire (first-tenth). Rancocas Creek to Delaware Falls, and the "London" (second tenth), on the Delaware near Timber and Arwamas Creek. Beverly, Bridington or Burlington was their joint settlement. 90 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When were the people of New Jersey restricted as to the amount of certain coin or money they should re- ceive? In 1682, when only live shillings in "Patrick's half-pence" should be forced on a man at one time. 2 Which were the "ports of entry" over 212 years ago? Burlington and Salem. 3 What island was set apart for the support of schools in 1683? Matenicunk, with its rents and profits. 4 Where was the "Irish Tenth," or tract, set apart for emigrants from Ireland two hundred years ago? The tract extending from Pesaukin to Timber Creek. 5 Who is called the father of the school fund? James Parker, second President of State Historical Society and active promoter of canals and railroads in New Jersey; died 1863, aged 92 years. 6 How long was the weekly mail in summer and semi-monthly in winter via New Jersey in vogue be- tween New York and Philadelphia, continued? From 1729 to 1754. In 1764 the mail was tri- weekly and the trips made in twenty-four hours. 7 How much per annum was required to keep the first common road in New Jersey in order? About $50. It was more like an Indian trail or bridle path than a modern pike or McAdam road. 8 What were some of the fruits of the old Speed- well iron works of Morristown, New Jersey? They made the shaft of the first steamer, the "Savannah," that ever crossed the Atlantic, also the tires, etc., of the first American locomotive and telegraph apparatus used by Morse to get his $30,000 appropriation from Con- gress, were made there. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 91 1 When did the Legislature first begin to make an- nual appropriations for the support of common schools? In 1829, the sum of $2,000 being divided on a tax basis among the counties and then among the town- ships. 2 What carried "the Express" between New York and Philadelphia prior' to 1707 ? Farm produce and merchandise. Later there were three "stage wagon" routes in New Jersey, the Bordentown, Burlington and New Brunswick. 3 What may have given a tinge of blue to eastern New Jersey? Its early settlement by blue bellied Yankees with blue laws from Connecticut, etc., but as a whole its ancient population was English, with the exception of its Scotch Presbyterians. 4 Whence have many fine Jersey cattle been distrib- uted throughout the United States? Darlington, in Ramapo Valley, Bergen County. 5 When did a citizen of New Jersey inform the Gov- ernor of Ohio exactly what the weather for a given month in that State would be? In 1894 and 1895. 6 What did the sixty-one Paterson lots which in 1836 sold for $42,000, bring in 1842? Three thousand dollars at the hands of the same New York auctioneer, Bleeker. 7 Which Governor of Iowa, very successful in man- aging Indians, was born in New Jersey in 1779? John Chambers, who died in Kentucky in 1852. 8 Where was the first japanned leather, made in this country, produced? At Newark, whose first tannery Avas started in 1698. Jonathan Edwards' grandson (one Ogden) was patron in those days of the leather in- dustry and a great inventor in that line. 92 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How early was a canal connecting the Delaware and Raritan agitated? In 1804 — 1816 — 1832, and a com- pany chartered in 1830 and in February. 1831, consoli- dated with the Camden and Amboy Railroad. How early could canal boats carrying twenty-five tons go from Newark to Phillipsburg? 1831, six years after the M. & E. Canal was begun. 3 Where were cannon, shot and shell cast for the American army during the Revolutionary war? At Batsto furnace, erected in 1766, in Burlington County. Boilers for the Coast Salt Works were also made there. The Alahlon Dickerson furnace and mine, "the Old Forges," at Randolph, was public property till 1716. 4 How early was green sand marl used as a fertilizer? In 1768, in Monmouth County. A laborer, ditching, spread some marl (near Marlboro) on a field and the growth of the crops was marvelous to behold. 5 How many saw mills had New Jersey in 1798? About 500, the first erected being at Woodbridge and Salem, in 1682. Egg Harbor, in 1704, and Pemberton, in 1758, had both saw and grist mills. Woodbridge boasts of the first saw and corn mills in the State. 6 What work was assigned to the First Brigade which crossed Long Bridge into Virginia May 24, 1861? To construct on the Potomac Heights Fort Runyon, named after its Newark commander. 7 Which are the oldest furnaces in New Jersey? The Troy Bloomery, Morris County, and the Oxford, of 1741, in Warren County, the latter still running, made its first iron March 0, 1743. Mining was in progress at Clinton, Mercer County, prior to 1720. Su- perior 1);'r iron and steel were made in Sussex County before the Revolution. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 93 1 What bid was made for mechanics and artisans in the early days? Newark set apart lots for the tirst emigrants of every trade who came to settle. Eliza- bethtown made her first shoemaker in 1676 "a member of the community on condition of his supplying it with shoes." 2 How many colleges have been founded under Princeton auspices? About twenty, and in 1890 Prince- ton could say that she had furnished one President, two Vice Presidents, one Chief Justice, four Associate Justices, five Attorney Generals or twenty Cabinet Of- ficers, twenty-eight State Governors, one hundred and thirty-six Judges, one hundred and seventy-one United States Senators and Congressmen, one hundred and seventy-five Professors and forty-three College Presi- dents. 3 Where did Congress have its sheet-iron for army camp kettles made in May, 1775? At Mount Holly, five tons being required. 4 Why was New Jersey in 1694 prohibited from ship- ping her timber to any other country than Great Britain? Because the latter wanted to monopolize ship building, which the colony begun in 1683 — Bur- lington and Salem having ship-yards. Amboy gave one of her town lots as a prize to the man who built the first sloop there. 5 What early grist mill patent was granted in 1791? To one Macorab, for horizontal wheels. A water wheel at Trenton, in 1680. 6 Which were the first organized bodies of troops ready for service in response to the President's call of April 15, 1861? The Camden Zouaves and First Regiment of Hunterdon Brigade, which reported April 18, but the Olden Guards, of Trenton, muster'^d in April 23. were the first New Jersey troops enrolled in the United States army. 94 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What toll, besides grants of land, did the town (Woodbridge) allow the builder who agreed to furnish "two good stones five feet in diameter," to take? One- sixteenth. 2 What New Jersey women subscribed $1,000 each April 29, 1861, for the defense of the State and nation? Esther and Sophia Stevens. The banks placed 1:451,- 000 at the Governor's disposal; Newark voted $105,- 000 and the Legislature $2,000,000, which, added to $1,000,000 in private subscriptions, made over $3,500,- 000 pledged within a month after the Fort Sumter in- sult to flag and nation. 3 When were semi-annual fairs lasting three days — in May and October — authorized for Amboy? In 168G, the year of the first monthly meeting at Amboy and the first yearly meeting at Salem of Friends. 4 How early did Quakers advise against importation of slaves by themselves? In 1696. Charity and re- form began at home. 5 Where was the first artificial dam in New Jersey? On Allovvay's Creek, in 1697— the year emigrants from Connecticut started a Presbyterian Church at Fairfield, 6 When was paper money first issued in New Jersey? In 17119. 7 IIow early was it deemed economy or piety to use the floor of a church for the flooring of a school house? In 1714, at Newark. 8 When was freestone first quarried in New Jersey? In 1721. about 175 years ago, at Newark. 9 Who became Governor of New Jersey when in 1738 (157 years ago) it was separated from New York? Lewis Morris. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 95 1 Who built the first house at Deckertown, Sussex County? Peter Decker, in 1734. o How many of the 47.402 inhabitants of New Jersey were slaves in 1737, when East Jersey had 26,439 and West Jersey 20,903 population? 3,981. 3 When were Salem and Cohansey laid out — sub- divided into lots? September 18, 1678. Salem settled June, 1675. 4 Where were the first water-wheel mills in West Jersey erected? At Trenton and on Rancocas Creek. 5 When were women's business meetings first in vogue in Burlington? In 1681 — 214 years ago. 6 When did Salem become a port of entry? In 1682^ the year the first saw mills were built there and at Woodbridge. Aniboy a free port in 1679. 7 Wlien was the first tavern (ordinary) authorized? In 1683, at Woodbridge, the year Perth Amboy was "cut up" into 150 lots. 8 How long did the first church established at Eliza- bethtown in 1665 stand before it was burned? One hundred and fifteen years — it was built by Congrega- tionalists and Independents and enlarged in 1760. 9 How long and how early were Burlington and Philadelphia alternate competitors for the yearly meet- ings of Friends? From 1684 to 1761 — 77 years. 10 What population had leading towns in 1683? Ber- gen 350, Shrewsbury and Piscatawny 100 each. Middle- town and Newark 500 each, Woodbridge 600 and Eliza- bethtown 700. 96 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When was the first public house, "Long Ferry Tavern," buih at Amboy? In 1684. when a ferry be- tween Newark and Amboy was estalished. 2 When will it be 300 years since Henry Hudson anchored his "Half Moon" off Sandy Hook, after hav- ing entered Delaware Bay? September 3, 1909. 3 Whence did the thirty families who started Newark, in 1006, come? From Branlord, Connecticut, led b\ Minister Pierson; Middlctown and Piscatawny settled same year, and Woodbridge laid out the next year, when the Indian title to Newark was extinguished. 4 When did Newark first feel justified in engaging a schoolmaster? February 7. 1G70; but now she thmks nothing of employing them by the score at a time. 5 Where and when was the pioneer Sunday school of New Jersey started? At Paterson, in 1794, a century ago, among the children of a calico factory. 6 When were counties first authorized to build poor- houses? In 17y8, the year interstate commerce in slaves was prohibited by law. In 1804 the enslavement of "infants" was forbidden by an act for gradual abolition. Quakers were the Abolitionists of 100 years ago. 7 When did the great mathematician, David Ritten- house,' make the first survey for a Delaware and Hud- son Canal? In 1770, the year George III. chartered Queen's (Rutger's) College at New Brunswick. 8 When were the people of New Jersey divided on moral questions? In 1748-9, when horse racing "for lucre of gain" was declared a public nuisance (v. 1893-4). and a lottery for the benefit of Princeton College au- thorized. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 97 1 How long ago was Salem, the first English colony in West jersey, settled? In June. Itj75, about 220 years ago. When did women first vote in New Jersey? In 1800, at the municipal election in Elizabethtown. In 1802 the Hunterdon women voted for members of the Legislature. 3 When was 27G acres set apart for the site of Ho- boken? May 12, 16G8. 4 How early did the Friends hold a ^Monthly Meeting in New Jersey? In 1(370. at Shrewsbury, the year a grist mill and a Presbyterian Society were started at Woodbridge. 5 What position strengthened the Quakers on the slavery question? That reforms should begin at home — ^so slavery was first abolished among themselves, be- fore they asked others to do so. 6 How late did Parliament place restrictions on the trade between Eastern and Western New Jersey? 1775. 7 When had Sussex Countv but one grist mill? In 1738, on the Flatbrook. 8 How many from New Jersey had been placed on tlie United vStates pension list up to November 16. 1818? 249 at sf^S.OO and 32 at $20.00 a month. How long did it take the new stage line — started November. 1756 — to make the distance between New York and Philadelphia via Trenton and Perth Amboy? Three days, now three hours, and one hour predicted. 10 When had New Jersey a Privateer of her own? In 1780, the "Governor Livingston," built at Borden- town. 98 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What portion of the total population, 61,383, in 1745, were slaves? 4,606. West Jersey had about 2,500 more inhabitants than Ea'st Jersey. Quakers: East jersey 3,557, West Jersey 6,079. 2 When did James Parker establish the first print- ing press in New Jersey at Woodbridge? In 1751 and 1752 it struck off a folio edition of the Provincial Laws. 3 When did the defense of the New Jersey frontier against the Indians require barracks at Amboy, Tren- ton, liurlington, Elizabeth and New Brunswick? In 1757. In 1 (55, 400 Sussex County militia drove the Indians from Easton. 4 What newspaper item of December 12, 1818, shows the status of slavery at the time? "Certain 'men-deal- ers,' who carried off some negroes from New Jersey after the passage of the law to stop the trade in human flesh have been caught in Pennsylvania, and we trust will meet their reward." 5 How^ long ago was a steamboat named "New Jersey"? December, 1818. Its boisterous pasage to Elkton. Md.. was attributed to its having a United States bank investigating committee on board. {) What newspapers had New Jersey during the Revolution? "The New Jersey Gazette," first pub- lished at Burlington Deceml)er 3. 1777, and the "New Jersey Journal," first published in 1779 at Chatham, thence removed in 1786 to Elizabethtown. 7 Who christened Nassau Hall, first used by Prince- ton, whose first trustees were Church-of-England men? Governor Belcher — to honor William III. "Prince- ton" was on the "King's Highway" or stage route from New York to Philadelphia, and the seeds of New Haven differences were sown there. THINGS NEW AND OIvD. 99 1 How long ago was New Jersey a sort of head- quarters for negro trading? In 1818, when a vessel with a cargo of 5fJ kidnapped negroes shipped from Perth Ainboy, was seized at New Orleans "for not having a manifest" as required by law. o How fast were preachers "turned" out in 1818? Clerical licenses "given to six young men at the late session of the Presbytery at Elizabethtown," said the papers. 3 When was $400 a "big raise" in a New Jersey Governor's salary? In 1818, when that made it $2,200, 4 When was the 200th anniversary of the first legis- lative action by New Jersey celebrated? In l«8o, at Trenton. 5 To whom mere gold medals, with Houdon's Wash- ington thereon, presented j\Jay IG, 1895, by the New Jersey tiistorical Society? Chancellor Green and ex- President Harrison, who addressed the Society. G What early strides did Newark make in educational matters? One schoolmaster engaged February 7, IbTG. "Ve old tioor in ye meeting house becomes a floor in ye school house," in 1714; new school house author- ized March 8, 1774; votes one and a half acres for new academy March 14, 1775; appropriation of .$500 for schooling the poor, 1814; Newark Library Association formed 1846. 7 Where are the full records of surveys and land- warrant sales of New Jersey from 1G83 down to the Revolution to be seen? Those for East Jersey at Perth Amboy and for West Jersey at Burlino-ton. Where was calico first printed in New Jersey? In 1704 at Paterson. 100 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Where was the Fourth of July celebrated on the 7th of August, 1770? At Bridgeton, where the proces- sion marched to the Court House, where the Declara- tion, the New Jersey Constitution and the "Treason Ordinance" were publicly read and approved. After Dr. Elmer's address the King's coat-of-arms and other signs of royalty were bon-fired. 2 What "plain-dealing" and "well-meaning" men (Whig and Cliosophic) founded the two Princeton Halls? James Madison, Robert Ogden. William Paterson, Oliver Ellsworth, Luther Martin and T. Reeve, three of whom helped frame the Constitution, one became President, one Chief Justice of the United Slates, one Chief Justice of Connecticut, one United States Attorney General. o o When was the Declaration of Independence pro- claimed in New Jersey? At Trenton, July 8, at Prince- ton and New Brunswick July !), being carried "post- haste" to all parts of the State. "Nassau Hall was grandly illuminated and mdependency proclaimed un- der a triple volley of musketry," said the Scots Magazine of August, 177G. 4 What postofTices in Jersey have peculiar names? Avon-by-the-Sea, Baptistown, Barbertown, Barley- sheaf, Bivalve. Blue Anchor, Caviar, Clieescquake, Colt's Neck, Dutch Neck, Houses, Jobstown, Thoro- fare. Tranquility, etc. 5 When was the first iron smelted and run in New Jersey? March 7, 1743, from a furnace erected in 1741 at Oxford, in W^arren, then Sussex County. First churches in that county in 1742 at Wallpeck and Minni- sink. G Where were the legislative acts of New Jersey dur- ing the Revolutionary period printed? At Burlington in 177G. at Trenton in 1784, with re-print in 1835 at Woodbury, N. J. I THINGS NEW AND OIvD. 101 1 When was there a standing offer of about $750 for the vessel that would enter the ports of East Jersey rather than those of New York? In 17G9, when Amboy had been declared a free port and the Governor of New York had seized a Barbadoes vessel which had entered Amboy and compelled its master to pay duties at New York. That was the year when East Jersey was "ordered sold" for the benefit of the creditors of its "dead" proprietor, Sir George Carteret. In what collection are copies of letters — cor- respondence — of the Royal Governors of New Jersey with neighboring Colonial Governors? In the Sparks MSS." 3 What States other than New Jersey have the word New" in their names? New Hampshire, New York, New Mexico and the so-called New England States. 4 Which counties in New Jersey are by name in no )ther States? Atlantic, Bergen, Burlington, Cape May, Hudson, Hunterdon, Monmouth, Ocean, Passaic, salem. 5 Where are the original records of wills for East ind West New Jersey kept? In the office of Secretary )f State at Trenton. 6 Where are the letter books of Governor Belcher of ^ew Jersey? In the Massachusetts Historical Society library. 7 What proof gives one writer that New Jersey was he chief battle ground of the Revolution? "The main American army, except for a period of nine months, etween September. 1777, and June, 1778, when the Iritish occupied Philadelphia, and for the two months 1 the autumn of 1781, when the expedition was on foot gainst Cornwallis in Virginia, was during the whole ar within or on the confines of the State." (Gordon.) 102 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What New Jersey counties are nominally repre- sented in Other States? Camden, in Georgia, Mis- souri, North Carolina; Cumberland in lUinois. Ken- lucky. Maine, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Tennes- see, Virginia; Essex, in ]\lassachusetts, New York, Vermont, Virginia; Gloucester, in Virginia; Mercer, in Illinois, Kentucky. Missouri, North Dakota, Ohio, Pennsylvania, West Virginia; Middlesex, in Connecti- cut, Massachusetts. Virginia; Morris, in Kansas and Texas; Somerset, in Maine, Maryland, Pennsylvania; Sussex, in Delaware and Virginia; Union, in Arkansas, Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, New Mexico, Ohio. Oregon, Pennsyl- vania. South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee; Warren, in Georgia, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kentucky, Mississippi, Missouri, New York, North Carolina, Ohio, Pennslyvania, Tennessee and Virginia. 2 How long was the "odious" Stamp Act in force? From March 22, 1765, to March 18, 1766. 3 Where and when was the first Ministerial Epis- copal Convention? At Elizabethtown November, 1766, delegates from New Jersey, New York, Connecticut and Philadelphia being present to deciae on a "Plan of Union." 4 What was the comparative strength of sects in New Jersey in 1765? Congregations: Presbyterians 55, Friends 39, Episcopal 21, Dutch Reformed 21, Baptists 20. The Quakers had "meetings" : Burlington 14. Gloucester 7, Middlesex and Salem 4 each, Monmouth 8, etc. 5 Which was the first State to encourage railroads? New Jersey, in 1815, when the Legislature granted a i charter at the instance of John Stevens, of Hoboken, for a road four rods wide, either of wood or iron, from :i the River Delaware near Trenton, to the River Raritan, near New Brunswick. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 103 1 Which was the first individual purchase of lands in the present New Jersey? The district called Hoboken — Hacking — "Pavonia" on the west side of the River Manritus, opposite New Amsterdam. Date July 12, J 630, followed by an adjoining purchase November 22, 1630. The first colony was planted by De Vries on the Delaware in 1631. 2 When had New Jersey only six postof^ces? In 1791. Princeton, Trenton, Newark, Elizabethtown, Railway (Bridgeton). New Brunswick. 3 When did large numbers of the Delaware Indians of New Jersey move to the banks of the Muskingum in Ohio? In 1740, but those who remained were in 1755 tampered with by the French, who promised to recover certain lands for them. 4 Who was the first Indian captain in the regular army of the United States? A Delaware Indian of New Jersey, who had adopted Christianity. 5 When was the first yarn spun at the Paterson works? In 1703, two years after a Bible (quarto edition) was printed at Trenton. 6 What gloomy views had Colonel Morris, of Middle- town, in the year 1700? "Middletown was settled from New York and New England; it is a large township; there is no such thing as church or religion amongst them, they are perhaps the most ignorant and wicked people in the world; their meetings on Sundays are at the public house, where they get their fill of rum, and go fiqhting and running of races which are practices much in use at that day all the Province over." (Had the I reaction irom Puritanism begun then?) ! 7 I How many fulling mills for home woolens in 1784? ,; Forty-one, the first being built in 1703, on a grant j (reward) of twenty acres. 104 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Whar of the vessel Kamschatka, which, November 24, 1840, was the largest steamship of war in the world? She was 000 horse power, double decker, 2,050 tons and receivv^d her machinery at Jersey City, where it was originally intended to launch her for the Czar of Russia. 2 Where was the first Medical Society organized? In New Jersey, July 23, 1766. 3 How long ago were patents on paper-hangings issued to people of New Jersey? A century, there being prior to 1787 paper-hanging factories in Philadelphia and New Jersey. New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Dela- ware contained forty paper mills in 1760, and the second paper mill in the country was built at Elizabethtown. 4 What wonderful man and friend to our Revolution- ary cause and human liberty in general lived at Borden^ town, N. J.? Thomas Paine, whose pamphlet, ''Com- mon Sense," was equal to "an army with banners," so^ one writer said. 5 What did a \vriter in 1846 call Monmouth, N. J.>| "The San Salvador of the Northern States of the Union,j It was the beautiful bold shore and the richly creste( hills of Navesink that drew Hudson into the Bay o| Raritan and the River Manhattan, and gave to oui Dutch ancestors the most delightful and luxuriant por- tion of the American continent. On our shore hei commander first landed." 6 How did Jacob Spicer of Cape IMay County solilo-j quize in 17-")7? "I must pursue the following maximsj invariably, for the present year: I must supply my| boys with leather for winter breeches, twenty-fourj pounds of gray skin will suffice. I must buy my leathei and heels and spin my shoe thread and have all myj shoes made up in the house. Next I should hire myJ tailor and tailoress in the house and oblige my girlsj to assist in the service." etc. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 105 1 Whence, according to Colonel Morris (A. D. 1700) came other settlers? "Perth Amboy, the Capital City, settled from Europe. The people of that town are a mixture of persuasions." "Freehold from Scotland." "Elizabethtown and Newark from New England, gen- erally Independents." "Woodbridge and Piscatawny from New England." "Shrewsbury from New England, New York and Rhode Island." "There are in it about thirty Quakers of both sexes, the rest of the people are generally of no religion. In a word, a general ignor- ance and immorality runs through the youth of the whole Province." 2 What wholesome advice was given in 1G85 to pros- pective settlers in "the Province of East Jersey, in America"? We will not encourage any to go there in the 'Expectation of gold and silver mines' and would not advise any to seek them out, as they but occasion envy and emulation; nor yet is there sugar nor indigo nor cotton." 3 What was one indication in the West about fifty years ago that the emigrant had come from New Jersey? The names given by him to certain Spanish coins — then current — such as "levy" for the shilling of \2i cents and "fip" for the sixpence of 6\ cents. Fip was the contraction of fippenny, five-penny-bit, and levy for eleven-penny-bit of money. 4 When did East New Jersey furnish food for the Western world? In 1685. when the same writer says: "This, with the Province of New York, being the granary or storehouse of the West Indies, without which Barbadoes and the Leeward Islands could not subsist, for New England is forced to come here 'every year for corn.' " 5 What other origin than Norway has been given Bergen? Named after the town of Bergen in Holland, or from the hills— Bergen— which the Hollanders first saw when they landed. 106 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How much more population had New Jersey in 1701 than that of both the CaroHnas? 3,000, while in 1755 "The Jerseys" had 60,000 to the CaroHnas' 75,000. 2 How much had a person to be worth to become a state legislator m 1776? One thousand pounds, procla- mation money, if a Councilman, and 500 pounds if for member of the Assembly. No conditions as to age and citizenship. 3 When, in 17<>1, the population of "The Jerseys" was 15. 00(1, what was that of the sister states? INIassa- chusetts 70.000, Connecticut and New York 30,000 each, Rhode Island and New Hampshire 10,000 each, Penn- sylvania 20,000, Alaryland 25.000, Virgina 40,000, North Carolina 5,000 and South Carolina 7,000. 4 ■ What did East New Jersey do for education in 1693? Its Assembly passed "An act for the establish- ment of schoolmasters in the provinces, for the culti- vation of learning and good manners, and for the good and benefit of mankind." 5 When was the "College of New Jersey" started? In 1746, and in 1756 it was located at Princeton. Prince- ton Theological Seminary founded in 1811. 6 Where was the first public meeting held in New Jersey to express sympathy with the people of Boston, regarding the Stamp Act? At Lower Freehold, June 6, 1774. 7 What was Ben Franklin's reply in 1784 to his rec- reant, disloyal son, William, ex-Governor of New Jersey? "Nothing has ever hurt me so much and affected me with such keen sensations as to find myself deserted in my old age by my only son; and not only deserted, but to find him taking up arms against me, in a cause wherein my good fame, fortune and life were all at stake." THINGS NEW AND OIvD. 107 1 What of Rutger's College? Chartered in 1770 by George III. of England. First called "Queens, ' and in 1825 named after Henry Rutgers. It is located at Brunswick under the Dutch Reformed Church au- spices. 2 What instance of economy on a large scale is told of the Holland government? "In 1821 all the books, documents and papers belonging to the old Dutch West India Company of a date prior to 1700, and relat- ing among other things (early history of New York and New Jersey) to their early voyages to and settle- ment of this country, were by order of the government sold at auction. Eighty thousand pounds weight of these precious MSS. were sold by the pound as so much waste paper." (Broadhead.) 8 Why was the word Monmouth substituted for Navesink? Because it stuck (with its many spellings — "Newsing," "Newaskink." "Newsandes," "Neusens," etc.) in English throats. The change was made in 1082. In 1675 one of the four counties of New Jersey em- braced "the two towns of Navesink." 4 What interest did George Fox. the Quaker, take in education? In 1067 he advised the "Friends" in New Jersey to start boarding schools, that young men of genius, in low circumstances, may be furnished with means to procure a requisite education." 5 What was done before New Jersey had a printer of her own? A Philadelphia printer came over with his press to print, at Burlington, a lot of paper money for the State. New Jersey had a resident printer and press in 1751. 6 What shows that New Jersey was better known at one time in Europe than New York? A Dutch map of 1616 more accurately describes the northern shores of Monmouth, N. J., than the west part of Long Island. 108 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How was a glass manufacturer at Freasburg ruined by his imported German workmen in 1748? They de- serted in a body (struck) for the superior attractions of real estate. Each wanted a farm. 2 What kinds of glass were first made? Window, near Malaga, in 1780, and hollow-ware at Glassboro, in 1810. 3 Who introduced hemp and flax raising and manu- facture? The Scotch emigrants of West Jerse}^ in 1(384, and the Quakers the makmg of serges, crepes, plushes, linen cloth and druggets as early as 1678. 4 Why was New Jersey called "a happy place and worthy of the name of Paradise," in the days of Berkely and Carteret? Because it contained "no law- yers, no parsons and no physicians." o W4iat writer of patriotic songs, "sung with en- thusiasm" during the Revolution, lies buried at Free- hold? Freneau (age 80), a Princeton graduate and the friend of Adams, Jefferson and other Presidents. 6 When do the gay birds of Brazil and Central America pay New Jersey their annual visit? In March and April, returning in the fall. 7 Where had New Jersey a community correspond- ing to the "Brook Farm" experiment in New England? At Leedsville, four miles from Red Bank. It started in 1843 and ended in 1858, the pioneers from Albany, N. Y., buying over 700 acres and erecting a "Pha- lanistery" and mill, etc., there. It was a joint stock company of 150 persons of both sexes, living and work- ing on the socialistic or communistic plan of Fourier, the Frenchman. 8 How much did the population of "The Jerseys'^ increase from 1701 to 1755? From 15,000 to 00,000. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 109 1 How many volumes had the University and College libraries in N. J. in 1890? 93,262. 2 How many newspapers had N. J. in 1880? 215. In 1894? 904. 3 Where is the State Normal School? At Trenton, and the State x\gricultural College at Princeton. 4 Where was the first State Capital? At Trenton, in 1790. 5 Where was the first settlement? At Bergen, in 1620, by the Dutch. 6 Which was the first railroad in the State? The Camden and Amboy, 14 miles of which were built in 1830. 7 How many railroad companies had the State in 1880? About 78, and the railroad mileage in 1890 was 2,117, or abuot four square miles of area to each mile of roalroad in the State. 8 What is the aggregate length of the four canals of the State? About 170 miles. 9 How many townships in the 21 counties of the State? About 260. 10 How many cities had N. J. in 1880? 23. and 25 in 1890. Postoffices in 1894, 905. 11 Which cities led in 1880 in the number of dwell- ings? Newark, 18,796; Jersey City, 14,049; Camden, 8,246; Paterson, 6,712; Trenton, 5,115; Elizabeth, 4,- 308, and Hoboken, 2,695. 12 How many farms of 500 to 1,000 acres each had N. J. in 1880? 147, and 60 with over 1,000 acres each. 110 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How many farms had N. J. in 1880? 34,307, and 30,828 in 1890. 2 How many acres in these farms? In 1880, 2,929,- 773, worth $190,895,833. In 1890, 2,(362,009 acres, and average size of farms, 86 acres each. In 1890 the 313 abandoned farms contained a total of 18,487 acres. 3 What were the total farm products in 1880 worth? $43,000,000. and of 1890. $28,997,349. 4 How much corn did N. J. produce in 1880? Bushels 11,150,705 and 1,901,739 bushels of wheat. The corn product of 1890 from 207,848 acres was 8,037,011 bushels, and the wheat product of 1890 from 121,570 acres was 1,823,342 bushels, or one and one-fourth bushels to each inhabitant. 5 How much was the aggregate value in 1880 of land and buildings — real estate — in N. J.? Over 442 mil- lion dollars, and in 1890 over 565 million dollars. 6 How many dwellings in N. J. in 1880? About 190,- 403, with an average of five or six persons to each dwelling. 7 How many farmers in N. J. in 1880? 59.211. Merchants? 79,300. Manufacturers? 160,561. 8 What amount of capital was invested in manu- factures in N. J. in 1880? $80,000,000, and paying $30,- 000,000 in wages. In 1890 $96,778,736 in wages were paid to 187,398 employees. 9 What was the aggregate of the animals slaughtered in N. J. in 1880? $19,000,000, Illinois and New York outranking N. J. In 1890, 67 N. J. slaughtering estab- lishments paid $673,784 in wages to 840 employes, and used $1(),370,632 in materials to make $18,061,908 in products. THINGS NEW AND OLD. Ill 1 What did the fisheries of N. J. amount to in 1880. Product, $3,200,000, on a capital of $1,492,200, and 6,220 persons employed. In 1889 the product was $3,130,893; capital, $3,083,360, and persons employed, 10,834. 2 What was the rank of N. J. among the states in 1880 in iron and steel manufacture? Fifth, Pennsyl- vania being first, Ohio second. New York third, Mis- souri fourth, Massachusetts sixth and Illinois seventh in order. In glass making? Green, first; window, sec- ond; Pennsylvania the reverse. In brick and tile? Fifth, with one and three-fourth million, to Illinois's two and one-half, Ohio two and three-fourths. New York four, and Pennsylvania five million dollars in the business. Massachusetts ranks sixth and Indiana seventh. 3 What cities had the most business in 1880 in slaughtering and meat packing? Chicago first. New York second, Jersey City next, Cincinnati, O., fourth, Indianapolis fifth and St. Louis sixth. 4 Which were the leading manufacturing counties of N. J. in 1880? Essex, Hudson and Passaic. 5 How did the two leading cities, Newark and Jersey Cty, rank among other cities of the U. S., with over 100,000 population in past 30 years? Newark, 1870, 13th; 1880, 15th; 1890. 17th. Jersey City, 1880, 17th; 1890, 19th. Minneapolis being 18th, Louisville 20th, Omaha 21st, and so on. 6 How many other cities in the U. S. besides Newark and Jersey City had in 1880 over 100,000 inhabitants? Eighteen. In 1890? Twenty-six. 7 How did other cities in N. J. progress in popula- tion? Camden, 1880, 41,059; 1890. 58,313. Paterson, 1880, 51,031; 1890, 78.347. Trenton, 1880, 29,910; 1890, 57,458. 112 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NKW JERSEY. 1 How did Newark with 181,830 and Jersey City with 163,003 inhabitants, compare with some of the states and territories in population in 1880? Arizona, 59,620; Delaware, 168,493; Idaho, 84,385; Montana, 132,159; Nevada, 45,761; New Mexico, 153,693; North Dakota, 182,719; Oklahoma, 61,834; Wyoming, 60,705. 2 How much did the population of N. J. exceed that of Maine and West Virginia combined in 1890? 21,053. 3 How much less was the combined population of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont and Wyoming than that of N. J. in 1890? 14,200. 4 How much is N. J. taxed for each child attending public school? About four dollars. 5 How has N. J. progressed, in 60 years, in railroads? 1830, 14 miles; 1890, 2,117; but New York and Penn- sylvania companies own or control most of this mileage. 6 What is the pottery product of N. J.? About $2.- 500,000; that of glass. $3,800,000; that of white glazed ware about $5,900,000. 7 What is the population (1890) and present area of the counties of N. J.? Atlantic. Population. 28,836. Area, 565 square miles, or 361,600 acres. Bergen. Population, 47,226. Area, 235 square miles, or 150,400 acres. Burlington. Population, 58,528. Area, 860 square miles, or 550,400 acres. Camden. Population, 87,687. Area, 220 square miles, or 140,800 acres. Cape May. Population, 11,268. Area, 255 square miles, or 163,200 acres. Cumberland. Population, 45,438. Area, 505 square miles, or 323,200 acres. THINGS Nl<:w AND OLD. 113 Essex. Population, 256,098. Area, 127 square miles, or 81,280 acres. Gloucester. Population. 28,649. Area, 326 square miles, or 208,640 acres. Hudson. Population, 275,126. Area, 43 square miles, or 27,520 acres. Hunterdon. Population, 35,355. Area, 434 square miles, or 277,760 acres. Mercer. Population, 79,978. Area, 225 square miles, or 144,000 acres. Middlesex. Population, 61,754. Area, 310 square tniles, or 198,400 acres. Monmouth. Population. 69,128. Area, 475 square miles, or 304,000 acres. Morris. Population, 54,101. Area, 47o square miles, or 300,800 acres. Ocean. Population, 15,974. Area. 578 square miles, or 361,920 acres. Passaic. Population, 105,046. Area, 197 square miles, or 126,080 acres. Salem. Population, 25,151. Area, 340 square miles, or 217,600 acres. Somerset. Population, 28,311. Area, 303 square miles, or 193,920 acres. Sussex. Population, 22,259. Area, 525 square miles, or 336,000 acres. Union. Population, 72.467. Area, 1<>2 square miles, or 65,280 acres. Warren. Population. 36,553. Area, 360 square miles, or 230,400 acres. 1 Which County has the smallest area? Hudson, 43 square miles. Which the greatest? Burlington, 860 square miles, and Ocean, 578 square miles, the next. Four counties have less than 200 square miles each and four others less than 300 square miles each. 2 What would the entire area of N. J., divided among the 21 counties, give to each? Exactly 355 square miles, or 227,200 acres each. 114 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How were the 638,454 acres, devoted to "Cereals", in 1891, divided. Oats, 138,706 acres; corn, 360,915 acres, and wheat, 138,833 acres. 2 What important terminus is Bayonne, N. J.? That of the Tide Water Oil Pipe Line — extending 284 miles, from Western Pennsylvania. 3 How has the mileage of railroads increased within 60 years? 1841, 180 miles; 1851, 303 miles; 1861, 587 miles; 1871, 1,145 miles; 1881, 1,718 miles; 1893, 2,153 miles. 4 What is the simple English motto of the State? "Liberty and Independence." 5 What odious name did the alien press of 1893 try to fasten on N. J.? The Gambling State. G When was corporal punishment in the public schools abolished? In 1867. 7 What press comment on the new N. J. law of 1816, dividing estates of intestates equally among heirs, male and female? "Thus, by degrees, the vile systems derived from yet federal Europe are frittering away." 8 What was called " a large animal" in 1816? The hog — eight feet eight inches long — weight 723 pounds — raised in Monmouth Co. 9 What book relating to the Far West appeared at Elizabcthtown in 1816? "Kerr's Travels through the Western Interior of the U. S.", 1808-10. 10 Why did East Jersey attempt, in 1686, to raise the price of gold and silver above their true value? To prevent its exportation, but the "scheme" failed in a year. THINCxS NEW AND OLD. 115 1 How did N. J. rank as to Sunday School children in 1893? She led the states — having 24 per cent, to Ohio's 23, out of the 11,000,000 in the whole country. 2 How long is the public school year? About nine months and four days. 3 What Assistant U. S. P. M. Generals are from N. J.? Chas. K. Gardner, from 1829 to 1836; James W. Mar- shall, from Dec. 1, '69 to July 7, '74, and from Aug. 24, '74 to March 16. '77. 4 By whom were the Justices of U. S. Supreme Court from N. J. appointed? William Patterson (died 1806), by Washington, March 4, 1793; Joseph P. Bradley, by Grant, March 7, 1870. 5 Which Ex Governors of N. J. were living Oct. 1, 1897? E. P. Seeley, Wm. A. Newell, George C. Lud- low and Geo. T. Wertz. 6 Who was the first Chaplain of Congress? Wm. Linn, Pres. pro tem. (1791-4) of Queen's — Rutger's College. 7 Why was J. H. Livingston, Pres. (1810-25) of Queen's — Rutger's College — called "the Father of the Dutch Reformed Church in America"? Because, in 1769-70, he secured a divorce of the American churches from the Dutch (Holland) Classics. 8 How much did Rutger's College receive from Henry Rutger, of New York, when it changed its name, Dec. 5, 1825. from "Queen's" to "Rutgers"? $5,000. The donor, a bachelor all his life, owned large tracts of land in N. Y. City. 9 What was the political cry of the Whigs in 1814? "Clay and Frelinghuysen" — the latter being known as the "Christian Statesman", who as U. S. Senator (1829) advocated the removal of the Indians beyond the Mis- 116 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. sissippi. Few Americans were connected with more religious and benevolent societies than Frelinghuysen, who died in 1861. 1 What was the theme of the Millville novelist who won in 1895 the New York Herald prize? "Your money or your life." 2 When had Elizabeth a woman who went to sleep Thanksgiving Day and could not be aroused? In Dec. 1895. 3 Why was a B. and O. train stopped by of^cials at Somerville in Nov. 1895? Because not equipped with "grab-irons", as required by the Interstate Commerce Law, which imposed a penalty of $5,000. 4 Who was the winner in 1895 of the $1,000 New York Herald prize for the best epic poem on an American theme? A Newark preacher, whose poem was "Abra- ham Lincoln." 5 Why was a divine in Guttenberg forced to leave the ministry — when his people objected to his adding un- dertaking to his parishional duties? Because his salary had been $28.50 only for a period of six months. How was the ancient feud between Rome and Lu- ther revived on Jersey City Heights in Dec. 1895? By a Catholic billy-goat entering the St. Paul's Lutheran church and devouring all the hvmn-books in the seats before mounting the pulpit and swallowing the church Bible. His sentence was death. 6 How much per line was the Newark minister paid in 1895 for an 700 line epic poem on Abraham Lincoln? About $1.43. 7 Where was first broached the reform idea of a Hun- dred Day U. S. Congress — whose members should be paid for business, not political, work, $3,000 a session, and no mileage, or perquisites? In New Jersey. THINGS NEW AND OI,D, 117 1 What plan was advanced, in 1896, for keeping the history of New Jersey and her 21 counties up to date? That the Secretary of State, or Supt. of Pubhc Instruc- tion, be required, with added salary, to keep, m an- nalistic form, a record of the current events, etc., which go to make up the history of a State, including therein the more important transactions and events in the several counties as forwarded to him by the his- torians ex-ofiEicio of those counties. The same require- ments as to current annalistic records to apply to coun- ties, whose historians under extra pay. may be ex-officio the County Clerk or Registrar of said counties. 2 Under which Governor had a man to be sentenced thrice before his execution, Dec. 26, '95? Wertz, in case of Lambert, the murderer of the Camden banker. 3 Whence came one of the three General Managers under "the President's Agreement" of 1896 of the lead- ing Trunk Lines of the U. S.? Paterson, in Mr. Hobert. 4 What adieu did a drunken lecturer receive at Pater- son, in the fall of 1895? A farewell, at the Erie Depot, from the "Decorative Order of the Ancient Egg" — the press said. 5 What affirmative decision, originating in N. J., was handed down Dec. 26, '95, by the U. S. Supreme Court? An appeal from a verdict of $315 and costs — vs. a Ber- gen railway Co. for ousting Morgan and wife from its cars for tender of 10 cents in abraded silver coin. Such tender legal if coin is only worn by use. 6 What is the altitude of Trenton at a lock on the Delaware and Raritan Canal? Fifty feet. 7 Where is Ancient Caesarea, or Caesar's Isle, now named Jersey, after which New Caesarea, or New Jersey, was named? In the English Channel, 15 miles west of France and 88 S. by E. of England. It is a rocky isle. 118 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY about 11 miles long by 4 to 6 miles wide, with a popu- lation (in 1891) of about 55,000 inhabitants, chietiy of Norman-French descent. It has a legislature, or par- liament, of its own — tributary like its military force of 500 — to the British Crown. Jersey has one railway of its own and like Alderney, a neighboring island, is cele- brated for its fine cattle. 1 Where besides N. J. did "boroughs" (introduced from England by Wm. Penn) exist in 1896? In Penn- sylvania, Connecticut and Minnesota. 2 What ardent patriot and Chief Justice of N. J., from 1779 to 1789, opposed, in the Convention of 1787, un- equal representation of states? David Brearley, born 1745, died 1790. 3 Which of the "royal" governors of N. J. was one of the reputed leaders of the Associated Loyalists — the N. Y. Tory Society of 1780 — whose private vessels raided the shores of N. J.? Dr. Franklin's son. 4 What N. J. journalist, abolitionist and associate of J. G. Birney — had his newspaper office — "Cincinnati Philanthropist" — sacked three times by a mob? Ga- maliel Bailey (1807-1859) who from 1847 to 1859 pub- lished the "National Era" (Washington, D. C), in which Uncle Tom's Cabin first appeared. 5 When did Nominating Conventions take the place, in part, of the political Caucus System? In N. J. in 1812; in Pennsylvania 1788 and 1792, and New York in 1825. 6 Where was James Fenimore Cooper (1789-1851), the novelist, born? In Burlington, N. J. 7 Where did Andros, the New York Governor, who, in 1860. "seized" N. J., spend his early life, as a bailift and soldier? On the isle of Guernsey, near Old Jersey, in the British Channel. THINGS NEW AND OI^D. 119 1 How early was voting by ballot made obligatory in N. J. and Pennsylvania. In 1776. 2 For what specific purpose was the National Coloni- zation Society started at Princeton in 1816 and reorgan- ized in Washington, D. C, formed? To relieve the South of its free blacks, by sending them to Africa and elsewhere. 3 What "snap" was given the firm of Goadsby and Cox, in 1786, by N. J.? The right to coin £10,000 in coin — 15 coppers to the shilling — with Nova Caesarea, Exergne 1786, etc., on one side, and E. Pluribus Unum, etc., on the reverse. Vermont was the first, in 178-5. to coin copper cents, and she too, let the contract to private parties. 4 What prominent Jersey man — through friendship for Aaron Burr — got mixed up in the Conspiracy of 1807? Jonathan Dayton, born 1760, died 1824. 5 What shocking death at New Brunswick, Feb. 14, 1896? That of Usher Masterson, who was pushed in front of a train and killed by an angry man, whose life he had tried to save. 6 Who, in 1896, had been a N. J. editor 43 years, and was then the oldest in newspaper work in the State? A. A. Vance, of the "Jerseyman." 7 What importance attaches to the old case of ■"Holmes vs. Walton"? The first instance of an Amer- ican Court questioning the Act of a Legislature. The N. J. Legislature of 1779 made lawful a trial before a jury of six men and the Court declared that act uncon- stitutional. 8 Where, in the U. S., did Free-Masonry get its start? In N. J., in 1730, when a Provincial grand master was appointed there. 120 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NKW JKRSEY. 1 Which governor of N. J. was also governor, for 11 years, of Massachusetts? Belcher, born 1(381, died 1757. 2 For how long, up to 1896, had the proprietary rights of E. and W. New Jersey been maintained at Perth Amboy and Burlington? About 200 years — being undisturbed by the "Quo warranto" suits of 1686. 3 Where did E. Pluribus Unum, the motto of "Gen- tlemen's Magazine", and known to Virgil in his "More- turn", first appear on coin.? In N. J., in 1786, when Goadsby and Cox were minters to the State. As a motto for U. S. it was first suggested Aug. 10, 1776, by Franklin, Adams and Jefferson, the Committee on the Great Seal. 4 What ancient town is said to have been first gov- erned according to the Mosaic law? The Puritan (Ct.) Newark of 1666. 5 What led citizens of other states to humorously say that N. J. was no part of the U. S. and her people were foreigners? The advent in her midst of the Ex- King of Spain and Naples, for whom a special act was passed — after its refusal by Pennsylvania — granting him the right to hold real estate besides his settlement in princely style, at Bordentown. 6 What student of Princeton invented the political epithet of "Doughface", and got up a duel with Heniy Clay by calling the Adams and Clay faction "a coali- tion between the Blackleg and Puritan"? John Ran- dolph, of Roanoke. 7 What the estimated number of ferry passengers, by 1900, from Jersey City, Hoboken and Newark? About 50,000,000. 8 What privilege was awarded to the only lady law- yer prior to 1896 in New Jersey? To wear her hat in court. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 121 1 What woman was given a Sargeant's Commission and commended by Washington for bravery, in 1778, at the battle of Monmouth? Molly Pitcher, whose hus- } band was killed while firing a cannon, and whose place she took to avenge his death. 2 I Who, as Prof. IMorse's associate, invented the Al- ! phabetical Characters used in the Morse System? ^Alfred Vail (1807-1859), of N J. 3 What, in 1896, was the estimated number of per- sons living in N. J. within 30 miles of New York, tribu- tary to the North River ferries? About 1,250,000, and same number for same radius on Long Island, patrons of East River ferries. 4 What wonderful man had been on the Supreme Court of N. J. for 30 years up to 1896? Chief Justice Beasley — who, though 80 years old — stood it through the State Senate Steal trial, and with his own hand wrote that honest decision of about 5,000 words. 5 What announcement came at the heels of the Vene- zuelan affair in Jan. 1896? That of Kinsel's (Hoboken) Balloon Boat and Battle Ship — cost $35,000 as against $3,000,000 for a man of war — with which at a speed of 125 miles an hour, dynamite by the barrel might be rained down on any British fleet. 6 Which three lines of latitude run through New Jersey? Lat. 39, 40 and 41 — also the longitudes 74 and 75. 7 How high would the hills of N. J. have to be to be covered with perpetual snow? About 9,000 feet. 8 What business range had a N. J. Match Co., with $5,000,000 capital, formed in Jan. 1896? To plant offices in New York, San Francisco, Milan, Turin, and all the chief cities of Europe, Asia, and Africa. 122 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How many members had the Masons of N. J. when: in Jan. '96, they celebrated, at Trenton, their 109th an- nual communication? 15,685. 2 What was the most dreadful night in Boundbrook's existence? Feb. 6, 1896, when fire, flood and famine • stared the place in the face. Raritan's overflow filled its main street about 10 feet high, or deep. 3 How long ago did Congresj vote to N. J. a copy of the Declaration of Independence? Jan. 20, 1777. 4 When were "Spain's eyes" — through one of her spies — on a vessel undergoing repairs at Perth Am- boy? In Feb. '96, when the Cuban insurrection was in progress. o Why was a fight on, in Feb. 1896, between the Na- tional Docks Co. and the Pennsylvania Railroad Co. at Point of Rocks? Because the former wanted to tun- nel the latter's tracks. 6 Why were the Havemeyer farms, at Rahway, and the Lindhurst farms, at Glassborough, called "fancy farms", in Feb. 1896? Because of their exhibits at the New York Poultry and Pigeon Association, where 5,000 entries of "high class chickens" etc., from Canada and a dozen of the U. S. 1 7 1 How long was the St. Paul stranded off Long Branch? From Jan. 25 to Feb. 4, '96 — when tugs, with fore and aft chains, aided by the tides, pulled her out of the sand. 8 Why was Hammonton Church crowded to suffoca- tion in Feb. 1896? For joy that Mary Passmore was to be wedded to James Watkis, both of whom had waited 15 long years to escape the ire of a father, who had died. Though often pleaded with by the people to let the couple be happy, "the old man" would not budge an inch. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 123 1 How many millionaires were interested, in Jan. 18H(t. in improving Neversink (Hilton) Park of 260 acres? Thirty, as a corporation. 2 What rumor was current in Cuban and Spanish circles about certain boats — Neptune and Narino — lying in the Perth Amboy shipyards Feb. 5, '96? That a Sugar Syndicate had put up $500,000 to help Gomez burn sugar plantations in order to boom the price of sucrar. 3 When was a concurrent resolution to endorse the Monroe Doctrine, as voiced in Cleveland's message, tabled by the Legislature? In Feb. 1896. 4 When was the N. J. State Board of Health estab- lished? In March 1877. 5 Why did 60 prominent Virginians visit N. J. Feb. 4, 1896? To inspect the stone roads of the Good Rod- way State. 6 How was N. J. indirectly related to Cuban affairs in Jan. 1896? Jan. 28 the "Hawkins", with Cuban vol- unteers and guns aboard, sank oiif Barnegat and six men drowned, and Jan. 30 the U. S. made arrests of the crew. 7 How stood the vote in the U. S. Constitutional Con- vention of 1787-9 on the term of President? For mak- ing it seven years: New Jersey, New York, Pennsyl- vania, Delaware and Virginia; against Connecticut, Georgia, North Carolina and South Carolina. 8 What was the vote on making the term six years? N. J., Pennsylvania, Connecticut, Massachusetts, Mary- land, Virginia, N. Carolina, S. Carolina and Georgia. One vote was taken making the term seven years, with ineligibility to a second term, but the final vote was for four years, and no second or third term clause. 124 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What big vessel, with $1,300,000 in specie aboard, was sandbarrecl during a fog Jan. 25,1896, between Long Branch and New Long Branch? The American Hner St. Paul, with 700 passengers, including a prince. Ex Congressman, etc., aboard. 2 What prominent New Jerseyman died almost simul- taneously Jan. 26, '96, with a son of Ex Pres. Tyler — a son of Ex Sec'y Folger and Ripley the newspaper associate of Greely? Theodore Runyan (born at Som- erville, Oct. 25, 1822) U. S. Minister to Germany, by appointment of Cleveland in March 1893. From 1873 to 1887 he was Chancellor of N. J. — in 1856 codified the militia laws of the State — in 1857 was General of the National Guard, and during the war, 1861-5, Briga- dier General. 3 What was the outcome, in Jan. 1896, of a revival at Hightstown? A public reading room to which the Astors, Armours, Goulds, Rockefellers and other "mag- nates" were contributors of books and money to that Light on the Heights. 4 Who sent wreaths and ribbons, with their initials^ to the Theodore Runyon memorial funeral held at Ber- lin Jan. 30, 1896? The Emperor and Empress of Ger- many, and Prince Leopold was present. 5 Who was entrusted, Oct. 3, 1776, by the Joint Legis- lative Committee, of which Richard Smith was chair- man, with the procurement of a Great Seal for the State? Francis Hopkinson, who ordered made in Philadelphia a round silver seal, two and one-half inches across and three-eights of an inch in thickness — with three plows — a horse's head — and Liberty and Ceres as support- ers, engraved thereon. 6 Where, and on what occasion, was the "President's March", which formed the tune of "Hail Columbia", played in 1789? At Trenton, when Gen. Washington was passing through to be inaugurated at New York. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 125 j I What emblems adorn the State flag of N. J.? Thir- teen horizontal red and white stripes, with a central blue I shield, on which is the State Coat of Arms. 2 What soldier, engaged in the battle of Trenton, painted, in 1779, a portrait of Washington as he ap- peared in that battle? C. W. Peale, whose work is now in the Smithsonian Institute at Washington. 3 When was the Salvation Army farm of 1,000 acres — for colonizing the poor after the plan of the one at Hadleigh, England — suggested for Manwah, in Bergen ;Co.? In Jan. 1896. 4 What was the progenitor, or forerunner, of the Princeton of 1746? Log College of 1726, constructed of logs from trees lining the banks of a stream empty- ing into the Delaware at Bristol. Rev. Wm. Tennant and his two sons built Log College — and native great- ness graduated there. 5 What provision in the first charter of Princeton should be called the Magna Charta of Collegiate free- dom? That ''no person can be debarred of any of the privileges of said college on account of any speculative principles of religion." 6 Where was it proposed, in Jan. 1896, to erect a monument to James W. Marshall, who first discovered gold in California, Jan. 24, 1848? Near Glenmore, Mer- cer Co., where he was born — ■ the residents of Hope- well starting the movement by forming the "J- W. Mar- shall National Monument Association of New Jersey." 7 What Camdens on the globe besides the one op- posite Philadelphit? In Wilcox Co., Ala.; in Ouachita iCo., Ark.; in Kent Co., Del.; in S. E. Georgia; in 'Knox Co., Me.; in Ray Co., Mo.; in Oneida Co., N. Y. ; in N. Carolina and S. Carolina; in Preble Co., O.; in Canada and New South Wales, besides Camden Road and Camden Town in London, England. 126 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERvSEY. 1 Which schools of medicine were engaged in the U. S. Senate, in Jan. 1896, in dosing out the Monroe Doc- trine to foreign nations? The Allopathic, represented by Dr. Lodge, of Massachusetts, and the Homoeopathic by Dr. Sewell, of N. J., and Dr. Gray, of Delaware. 2 Where is a watch (French repeater, Huntington case, imported in 1785) once owned and pawned by Aaron Burr? In Princeton College. It was pawned in 1830 to a N. J. broker for $30, and the ticket given to one who gave it to the college. 3 What item suggestive of England's greed appeared in a London paper about the time of the Venezuelan affair of 1896? That "the Governor of Jersey, accom- panied by a few members of the states" was inspecting, with a view to its occupancy by England, a rocky islet claimed by France near the isle of Jersey, in the British Channel. 4 How far was it estimated that the 600,000 passengers daily carried in 1896 by the New York "L" roads would extend "in columns of fours''? From New York City to Trenton, N. J. 5 How often is N. J. without a governor for 12 hours? Once in three years; from midnight till the following noon, when inauguration occurs. Meantime the Presi- dent of the Senate is acting Governor — unless the Gov- ernor Elect, as has been done, should be sworn m. 6 What railroad short distance speed record led the world, up to Jan. 1, 1896? That made April 21, 1895, on the Camden and Atlantic, between Camden and Atlantic City (58.3 miles) in 45| minutes, or 76.50 miles an hou-. 7 When, for the first time in 30 years prior to 1896. and for the second time in New Jersey's history, was the Governor and both houses of the Legislature Re- publican? Jan. 14, 1896, on the accession of J. W. Griggs, the first instance being in 1865-6, when Marcus THINGS NEW AND OLD. 127 L. Ward, with a majority of 2,789 (Griggs 27,000 ma- jority) became Governor. In 1896 18 out of 21 Senators and 43 out of 60 Assemblymen were Republican in politics. What are the points, places or towns nearest the extremes in length of the State? 2 Through which counties and near which cities and towns would the line marking the longest length of the State run? 3 What points on Delaware River would mark the shortest distance across Central New Jersey and through which counties and near which towns would that line run? 4 Where are other Patersons than the one on Passaic River? One in Cape Colony, Africa; one in New South Wales; besides Patersonia. Paterson River and Paterson's Inlet, in or near New Zealand. 5 Where is Jersey County? In Illinois, at the junc- tion of the Mississippi and Illinois rivers and Jersey- ville, a town of 4.000 population, is in Jersey Co., 34 miles N. W. of St. Louis. 6 Wliere is Jersey Shore, so called? In Lyconing Co., Pa., on the West branch of the Susquehanna; in 1890 it was a borough of 2,000 inhabitants. 7 Whence the word Hoboken, given the seaport of Hudson Co., and seat of Stevens' Institute of Tech- nology? From the Indian word Hopoghan — but now one-fourth of its inhabitants are German, whose attach- ment to Jersey City is very close. 8 When did N. J. have its "home-grown" tea? Dur- ing the Revolution, when the leaves of the Buckthorn shrub, Redroot (also found in the Western States), were used as a substitute and known as "New Jersey Tea." 128 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How many Princetons, besides the one where Princeton College was founded in 1746, do Gazeteers name? In Gibson, Co., Ind.; in Bureau Co., 111.; in British Columbia;, in Caldwell Co., Ky. ; in Washing- ton Co., Me.; in Massachusetts; in Mille Lac Co., Minn.; in Mercer Co.. Mo. and in Green Lake Co., Wis. — towns ranging in population from 1500 to 4000, and in altitude from 100 to 1,650 feet. 2 What other Trentons besides the one first settled in Mercer Co. in 1680? Trenton in Ontario Co., Can., at the mouth of the river Trent; also in Dade Co., Ga.; in Clinton Co., 111.; in Ouachita Parish, La.; in Wayne Co., Mich.; in Grundy Co., 111.; in Gibson Co., Tenn. ; besides Trenton Falls, a summer resort, with six cata- racts and descents of 312 feet wathin two miles, in Oneida Co., N. Y. 3 Whence the origin of the word Trenton, which sig- nifies a ton, or town, on the Trent? From the Trent, a rives 170 miles long, flowing through the center of Eng- land. Its affluents bear these monosyllabic names: Dove, Sow, Soar, Idle, Tame and Turn. 4 What was New Brunswick (so named in 1714, with royal charter in 1730) called when first settled, in 1681? Prigmore's Swamp. 5 What was the Indian name for Passaic? Acquack- anonk. 6 Why has Paterson (founded in 1701 and incor- porated in 1850) been called the "Lyons of America"? Because, like Lyons in Southern France, famed for her silk industry. 7 How many miles would a person travel in follow- ing the extreme boundaries of the State and how much of that distance could be made by land? 8 Where is the geographical center of New Jersey? THINGS NEW AND OI,D. 129 1 In which County was the center of population of N.J. in 1890? 2 How far north ni N. J. does the persimmon grow? The Lat. 40°, 44'. 3 Of what material is Trinity Church, N. Y., built? Brown sandstone from N. J. quarries. 4 What is the temperature of Lakewood, embosomed in the pines, distant say 10 miles from the sea? About 12 degrees above that of N. Y. City. 5 How thick is the broad belt of old red sandstone, running across the State from Jersey City to Trenton? About 14,000 feet, so geologists say; and her mineralo- gists claim for N. J. about 160 different kinds of mineral. 6 What species of Magnolia is found along the N. J. coast? Magnolia glauca. 7 What Newarks other than the great one in N. J.? The greatest malting town in England — famous for a castle where King John died in 1216, and also a New- ark of over 15,000 inhabitants in Licking Co., O., a coal and oil refining center. 8 How much above tide level is the largest fresh water lake (Hopatcong. one to five miles in extent) in the State? About 914 feet, and Green Lake, in Morris Co.. is 1.044 feet above the sea. 9 How is the general drainage of N. J. divided? The ocean drains about ?{,900 square miles, Delaware Bay 1,000, Delaware River 2,400, and Hudson River 252 square miles. 10 What water supply comes to northern N. J. from the Passaic and its affluents, the Rockaway, Pompton, etc.? Over 300 million gallons daily. 130 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How much has N. J. spent a year for several years, in geological surveys? About $8,000. 2 What was the entire expense to N. J. of the war of 1861-5? $2,894,384.99. 3 When will the last installment of the State debt ($735,400 in 1894) fall due? In Jan. 1902. 4 What, for years, has been the only individual tax in N. J.? One, averaging $5 for each child between five and eighteen years, in the State, for the support of schools. 5 What Tory paper published in New York April 22, 1773 to 1783, bore N. J. in its title? "Rivington's New- York Gazetter", or "Connecticut, New Jersey, Hudson's River and Quebec Weekly Advertiser." 6 When occurred the Battle of Springfield? June 23, 1780, when the town was burned by 5,000 British, who lost 300 men to the Americans, who fled to the Short Hills, 60 men. 7 How many men did it take Aug. 18, 1779, to capture all there was of Jersey City — then called Paulus Hook? About 300, under Major Lee, who took 159 prisoners. 8 To whom was the site of Cincinnati, O., allotted in 1787, by the purchasers of a million acres there? Matthias Denman, Robert Patterson and John Tilson, of New Jersey. 9 Who, that fought at Trenton, first obtained rank as Commodore in the American Navy? Thomas Read (1740-1785), who commanded the frigate "George Wash- ington." 10 What was the home of the Booths when the Salva- tion Army Schism of Feb. 1896 occurred? At Mont Clair. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 131 1 Why was a line, drawn from Little Egg Harbor to a point — Lat 41°, 40' — on the Delaware, a most im- portant one from 1676 to 1702? Because it was the "divisional line" — made by England and its grantees between East and West Jersey. 2 What old relics are in possession of the Episcopal Church, founded at Shrewsbury in 1738? A commun- ion service, the gift of Queen Anne, and a prayer book, presented by Gov. Wm. Franklin. 3 How old are the Episcopal Church Records at Sherewsbury? Over 205 years (1689), and George \ Keith, the Ex Quaker, who fixed the line between East and West Jersey, figures in them. 4 Whence the origin of Shrewsbury? After a place of same name in England, whence the first settlers came in 1664, after they had tried Connecticut and Long Island. 5 What ancient N. J. Coast resort is pronounced more lovely than any place between Florida and Maine? Mount Mitchell, which, with Deal Beach near Long Branch, was known in 1693 and have been "resorted to" for over a century. 6 What traditional reminder of Capt. Kidd is seen at Leedsville? The grave of one of the pirate's sup- posed partners, who, to quiet his soul, gave his house and farm to the Episcopal Church. Peace to his ashes! 7 How much was paid the Indians for the site of Eaton — so named after its earliest settlers? A barrel of cider. Part of Kidd s "treasure" — in "cob" or square dollars — is said to be buried there. 8 Which cities are the chief contributors, in num- bers, to the summer resorts of Monmouth and Ocean counties? New York and Philadelphia, with "tourists" transient from elsewhere. 132 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What names survive to indicate the original paten- tees under Governor Nichols to the Monmouth Patent? Boune, Grover, Holmes, Stout, Sylvester, Tilton. 2 At whose suggestion was Monmouth Co. named? That of Col. Lewis Morris, whose family estate was in Monmouthshire, Eng., but his N. J. property was at Tintern. 3 How long was the cap and gown required to be worn, at prayers, by Princeton students? From 1802 to 1878 — 76 years. 4 When was "the champion bareback rider" initiated into the I. O. O. F. at Long Branch, as reported in New York papers? March 1896. 5 How much did the "Wizard of Menlo Park" re- ceive for his first saleable, or profitable, invention, the Stock Exchange Ticker? About $40,000. 6 When did Essex Co. lose its oldest constable, who, at the age of 76, had served 42 years? March 1896. 7 What, according to the State Census of 1895, was the population of N. J.? 1,672,942. 8 When was a gold necklace, a foot long, washed ashore at "Poverty Beach" near Cape May? In March 1896. 9 How long was a needle in the body of a Clayton, N. J. woman, without hurting her, before it came, in March 1896, to surface on her scalp? About 28 years, having made its way from foot to head. 10 When did the press mention "an opossum hunt in a Jersey church", at New Brunswick? In March 189(5. when also a mother and daughter celebrated each their silver wedding at same time in Elizabeth. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 133 1 How long did it take to settle in court a claim of five Elizabeth, N. J., boys, who in Aug. 188(3, found a purse of $775? Ten years, when the sum was equally divided among the five boys, then men grown. 2 When did the 24th President of the U. S.. born in Essex Co., in 1837, have his 59th birthday? March 18, 181*0 — 41 years after the time when his wages in a N. Y. law ofifice were $4 for each 52nd part of a year But Stephen was no Inoger a part of his name. 3 How did the teachers of Passaic try to prove that cleanliness is next to scholarship? By sending home, in March 1896, about 100 pupils to be scoured. In turn the parents tried to "clean out" the teachers. 4 When did Oklahoma Territory help to divorce two prominent New Jerseymen? In 1896. 5 At whose command did "God's American Volun- teers" first meet at Newark in March 1896? Ballington Booth — the Ex. Salvationist. 6 What mixed prosperity was manifest in March 1896 at Prospertown? The Horner vs. Horner Ads, which Ohio papers called ''New Jersey's New Woman." 7 When, in the "Journal of the Gov. and Council" does "Amboy 'perth' " change to " 'Perth' Amboy"? Sept. 28, 1692. 8 What model Exhordium did "Jeremiah Basse, Esq.", Gover^ and Prop'^" leave in 1698 for the mes- sages of future Governors of New Jersey? "Gentle- men: The first work of the learned Phisician, when called for the caring of a distemper'd body is to remove and repell all venemous humours from ye heart, be- cause a disease once 'seated in this Metropolis', is rarely curable. This deserves emilation by you, who are the carefull Phisicians of our State and the healers of our body publick." 134 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY 1 What bills passed "both houses" in N. J. Oct. lGi)2? "For prohibiting selling of strong drink to ye Indians", "for a tax for helping to carry on y© warr agst ye french" and "for further encurradgment for ye killing of wolves" — and in 1693 "one for establishing school masters w^hin this province and one for regulate of Lycences for public houses and marriages and take oflf ye Excise, etc." 2 What broad views of his country had a Newark, N. J., citizen in 1783? "P. S., I have been tracing out ye Boundaries of ye United States upon some maps I have. It contains an 'amazing' Extent of Territory. I am sorry the 'Spaniards' have such a Slice at ye West- ern Extremity." Then the Mississippi River — now the Aleutian Islands — our "Western Extremity." 3 What rent is specified in a one year lease from "The Right Honble Dame Elizabeth Carteret and the Trus- tees of the Right Hon^le Sir George Carteret to the Twelve Proprietors for East New Jersey," dated Feb. 1, 1681? "Yielding and paying the 'rent of one' peper Corn att the iTeast of St. Michaell, the Archangel, if the same be lawfully demanded." 4 Where was the chief place of council of that branch of the Lenni Lennapes, or Algonquin Indians, which fought their way from the West and settled on the Dela- ware, Susquehanna, Potomac and Hudson Rivers? On the Delaware River. 5 What two divisions of this tribe in New Jersey? The Minsi Delawares, north of the Raritan, and the Delawares proper, South of that river — both branches extending over into Pennsylvania. 6 What portion of the U. S. Bank money — $28,- 000,000 (loaned to 26 states) -- for which the U. S. had no use or place or safe keeping, was loaned on call to N. J. in 1837? $764,670, and its return was talked of in 1895. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 135 1 Who was among the first to greet Lafayette, when he landed with his son, G. W. Lafayette, at Staten Is- land, N. J., Aug. L5, 1824? Napoleon's brother, Joseph, then living at Bordentown. 2 Which was the first English vessel to land on the West Jersey Coast with immigrants? The "Griffith", with Fenwick and a few Quakers aboard, in 1675. Fen- wick named the creek which he ascended Salem, and Salem it is. 3 What was the forerunner of the College of N. J. at Princeton? "Log College", of Rev. Wm. Tennent. at Nehanning, in operation for 20 years. He was a great scholar and linguist. 4 How do the colleges of N. J. rank as to date with those of other states? Harvard (Cong.) founded 1637; Wm. and Mary (Epis.) 1693; Yale (Cong.) 1701; Prince- ton (Pres.) 1746; University of Pennsylvania 1746; Co- lumbia (Epis.) 1754; Brown (Bap.) 1764: Rutgers (Ref. D.) 1766; Dartmouth (Cong.) 1769, etc. 5 How many of the 152 College Fellowships in 1895 were ofifered by Princeton? Ten. 6 What was the first white man's road in New Jersey? It was the Dutch road from New Amsterdam to the Delaware and extended from Elizabethtown to near New Brunswick. The river was forded near Trenton and New Brunswick. Prior to 1707 an express wagon, carrying produce, etc., ran from Philadelphia to New York. 7 Who devised the first mail system? Gov. John Hamilton, in 1694. Hamilton sold his mail patent to England. In 1729 there was one mail a week, and in 1764 three mails a week, between New York and Phila- delphia. Relays of horses every 20 miles. In 1791 the N. J. Postoffices were Newark, Elizabeth, Princeton, Trenton, Rahway, and New Brunswick. 136 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What places became early rivals of N. J. in the milling business? Philadelphia, Lancaster and Wil- mington — but N. J. long led in wheat and flour ex- portation. 2 What was the fare, in 1781, by "stage wagon" from Elizabethtown to Philadelphia? ''Forty shillings in gold or silver, and the like sum for 150 weight of baggage." 3 Which was the first Canal Company chartered in N. J.? One in 1800 to improve the navigation of Salem Creek. 4 What equalizing work is Old Ocean doing at Long Branch and Sandy Hook? Taking about three feet from one and adding them to the other, every year. 4 What is the general shape of ''the Pines", which cover one-third of N. J.? Triangular, being 50 miles wide at Delaware Bay and extending from Long Branch about 115 miles along the coast. The cranberry swamps, which produce so much of the country's crop, are among the Pines. 5 What nicknames were given the Tories to offset "the Jersey Blues"? The Greens — or "Jersey Greens." 6 What places were once terrorized by Tory refugees — as much as Armenia was in 1894-5 by the Turks and Kurds? Shrewsbury, Freehold and the region back of Long Branch. These pillagers took refuge in the Pines • — and sold their booty to confederates in New York. 7 How long was the capital of the U. S. in N. J.? At Princeton from June 30, 1783 to Nov. 20, 1783, and at Trenton from Nov. 1784 to Jan 1785. 8 How was New Jersey honored during the World's Fair — Columbia Exposition — Naval review, April 27, '93, at New York? By having the American flag raised THINGS NEW AND OLD. 137 on the Neversink Highlands — the most prominent point first seen by our Naval guests from the Old World. 1 Who is supposed to have discovered the Jersey- Shore in 1524? Jean Verregano, a native of Florence, who having "determined to make discoverie of new countries, departed in the Dolphin from the dishabited rock by the Isle of Madeira". Jan. 17, 1531, and "discov- ered a new land never before seen of any man either ancient or modern." From New Jersey he is thought to have coasted South, thence back to New York Harbor. 2 What patriotic incidents attended the raising "The Banner that Welcomes the World" on the Neversink Highlands April 27, 1893, at the time of the great Naval Review? The flagstafT, 135 feet high, was erected by the Lyceum League of America, 30,000 members. First the "Paul Jones" flag was raised by Mrs. Stafford, a descendant of Paul Jones. This was lowered and the fraternal flag given by the League was raised amid salutes from war vessels, etc. 3 Who erected the first Steam Engine in N. America? Josiah Hornblower, of Anglesea, Eng., at the Schuyler Copper Mine, near Newark, N. J., in 1747. In 1794 he built another engine at ^he same place. 4 How did the debt of N. J., in 1890, compare with that of some other states? N. J., $1,596,300, that of Illinois, Kansas and Iowa being less (Nebraska, no debt), and that of Mississippi, Minnesota, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Indiana. Missouri and Pennsylvania being more — the latter amounting to $13,856,971. 5 What was the taxable wealth of N. J. in 1890, as compared with some other states? N. J.. $565,506,687; that of Mississippi, Minnesota, Iowa, Kansas and Ne- braska being less, and that of Missouri, Illinois, Michi- gan, Indiana, Pennsylvania, Ohio and New York being more in that order. New York being $3,014,591,372. 138 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How large was the iron product of 1873 in Sussex, Passaic, Morris and Warren counties? 665,000 tons. 2 What the fruit products of N. J. in 1890? Over three million dollars, of which orchards gave one and one-half million dollars, and the farms of the State produced $45,000,000. 3 When were some of the older cities and towns started or settled? Bergen, 1617; Middletown (six families), 1648: "Elizabethtown Associates" buy the site 1664. Shrewsbury settled 1664; Newark and Piscata- way, 1666; Woodbridge, 1667-8; Bergen chartered and Hoboken (1776 acres) bought 1668; Salem settled June 1675; Perth Amboy Fenton iron mills 1676; Burling- ton laid out 1677, incorporated 1698; Salem and Co- hansey ^'in lots" 1678; Trenton 1680; Newton 1681; New Brunswick 1681; Camden 1684; Salem incorpor- ated 1695; Kaigns Point 1696; Chester, Mendon, Mill- Brook, Randolph 1713; Railway 1720; Deckertown 1734; German Valley 1740; Newton 1750; Belvidere 1755; Hope 1769. 4 Which early governor had a "life interest" in N. J.? Barclay, who according to the "Fundamental Conces- sions" (1684), was appointed "for all the days of his life", and his heirs tried to hold over. 5 What was the penalty, when N. J. was young, for destroying a neighbor's property? To return fourfold and take a dose of imprisonment. 6 What instance of the Legislature of N. J. meeting for two years at the house of the Governor? In 1755-7, the closing years of Gov. Belcher's life. 7 Where was the last Indian Reservation in N. J.? At Edge Billock, Burlington Co., where on 3,000 acres they remained till 1802, when reduced to 60 persons they went via Stockbridge, N. Y., to Statebury, Mich. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 139 1 Until what time were British flags in the court rooms of New Jersey? July 4, 1776 — when royalty declined. 2 What honored N. J. names adorn the Declaration of Independence? Richard Stockton, Abraham Clarke, John Hart, Francis Hopkinson and John Witherspoon. 3 What was the last act of N. J. to this Indian rem- nant, at Green Bay? To give them, on their petition m 1832, the sum of $3,000 to buy agricultural implements. 4 What proud claim made S. L. Southard? That "every foot of N. J. soil had been acquired from the Indians by fair and voluntary purchase and transfer." 5 How many cotton mills in N. J .in 1868? About 30, with 175,000 spindles. 6 Which County had the most and which the least population in 1860? Essex, 98,887, Cape May, 7,130. 7 What was the age of the oldest and youngest coun- ties in 1895? Salem 220 years. Union 38 years. — a dif- ference in age of 182 years. 8 How many more slaves were there in N. J. in 1790 than in 1860? The difference between 11,423 and 30. 9 How many more inhabitants in N. J. in I860 than in 1790? 487,896. In 1890 than 1790? 1,260,794. 10 How many administrations has N. J. had smce 1702, or about 190 years? About fifty — including 19 governors under the Crown. 11 Which was the first college charter granted in this country, by the act of a colonial Governor and Council, withouLthe consent of Parliament? That of Princeton, in 1746. 140 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When was the ■200th Centennial of the first Gover- nor (PhiHp Carteret) of N. J.? 1876. 2 When was the centennial period of the first Gover- nor of N. J. under Constitution? 1876-1890 — Wm. Livingston. 3 What was the record of a train of seven empty Pullmans and engine (total weight 490,000 pounds) which "ran" from Jersey City to Philadelphia, Oct. 24, 1895? Ninety miles in ninety minutes — or two min- utes ahead of previous records. 4 Where, in 1895, were two of the four plants of the Electric Storage Co. — which controlled all the Electric Storage Battery patents in the U. S.? At Gloucester and Jersey City. 5 What lecture gave such offence to the people of Paterson that its youth egged the lecturer? That of Bill Nye, Oct. 31, 1895, on "Farming Exposed" — but the lecturer offended more than the lecture. 6 What was the Gubernatorial vote in 1889? Dem., 138,245; Rep., 123,992; Proh., 6,853. In 1892 — Dem., 167,257; Rep., 159,632; Pop. 894; Proh., 7,750. 7 What is the language of the first call, by Congress, on N. J. for troops, Oct. 9, 1775? "Resolved, That it be recommended to the Convention of N. J. that they immediately raise 'at the expense of the Continent', two battalions consisting of eight companies each and each company of 68 privates, officered with one captain, one lieutenant, one ensign, four sargeants and four cor- porals. That the privates be enlisted for one year, at the rate of 'five dollars per month', liable to be dis- charged at 'any' time, on allowing them one month's pay extraordinary. That each of the privates be al- lowed, 'instead of a bounty', one felt hat, a pair of yarn stockings and a pair of shoes; the 'men to find their own arms.' " THINGS NEW AND OLD. 141 1 What ratio of representation in Congress has N. J. had at different times? Under the Constitution, 1789 30,000. Under first Census, 1793, 33,000; 1803, 33,000 1813, 35,000; 1823, 40,000; 1833, 47,700; 1843, 70,680 1853,93,423; 1863,127,381; 1873,131,425; 1883,151,911, or seven Congressmen; 1893, ratio 173,901. or eight Congressmen. 2 What additional favor did John Hancock, Pres. of Congress, offer volunteers, Oct. 2, '75? "The Congress have agreed to furnish the men with a 'hunting shirt", not exceeding the value of one dollar and one-third of a dollar, and a blanket, 'provided these can be pro- cured'; but these are not to be made part of the en- listment." 3 When did the Legislature incorporate a New York firm, capital $200,000, to make carpeting at Little Falls? In 1823. That year DeWitt Clinton came from New York by request to inspect the route of the Morris Canal. 4 When had Paterson 691 dwellings (of which 268 had been built in five years) and 4,737 inhabitants? In July 1824. 5 How many of the original 101 members of the Cin- cinnati of the State of N. J. are mentioned by Niles' Register of July 24, 1824? 22 — scattered in N. J., New York, Kentucky and Pennsylvania. 6 When did the "Banking Mania" rage in N. J.? In 1825, when New York parties subscribed $3,000,000 in one day for the "N. J. Protective and Lombard Bank" — location, on "the river bank opposite New York", so sneerers said. 7 What N. J. item has Niles' Register of May 28,1825? "The State Bank at Trenton, N. J., has exploded. Its bills at Baltimore 50 cents discount — and new bills, fresh from the 'manufactory', are being strangely 'forced' into circulation." 142 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERvSEY. ] 1 What evidence that there were "lobby members in the Legislature" in 1825? A Bridgetown editor was sued for $5,000 for making such a charge. 2 What was said of oyster propagation in Perth Am- boy Township in 1825? "Were ten companies char- tered, each to have a lease of 1,000 acres for 30 years, at a rental of $3,000 per annum, the stock could be im- mediately filled." 3 What was a N. J. railroad brakeman heard to say as he opened the car door? "Elizabeth! Elizabeth" ! 4 What caused a sunfish, four inches long, to fall July 5, 1825, at Kingwood, N. J., more than a mile from any stream of water? A violent rain storm. 5 In what year was the General Assembly called on to make up a $2,000 deficiency of "Princeton"? In 1825, when the outgo was $6,900 and income $4,900. It had then 16 scholarships on endowments of $2,500 each. 6 How large a black eagle was killed with difiiculty at Belvidere in 1825? Length, from tip to tip of wings, seven feet three and one-half inches. 7 How extensive a fire raged in N. J. in June 1826? From "35 miles S. E. of Philadelphia to the sea", cover- ing 45.000 acres and destroying both timber and cattle. 8 What companion items appear in a Baltimore paper of Aug. 19, 1826? Copper mines in Somerset Co., — yielding 60 to 65 per cent., with signs of silver and gold — and "Stone's steam gun, which he discharges 200 times a minute." 9 When were there 656 justices of the peace and 215 judges of Common Pleas Courts holding their offtce by appointment for five years in 14 counties of N. J.? In 1826. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 143 1 Who was ''Vice President General" of the ''Society of Cincinnati" in 1826? Col. Aaron Ogden, of N. J. 2 How stood the State Treasury in 1825? Receipts, $273,339.70; disbursements, $246,193.12; invested in stocks, $93,181. 3 Why did a vessel with emigrants for New York land in 1826 at Amboy? To avoid the New York law, which taxed vessels $2 a head for each non-supporting emi- grant. A New York sheriff came to Amboy and ar- rested the Captain, and N. J. arrested the sheriff. 4 When was N. J. soil ''perforated like a riddle", ac- cording to the press of the time? In 1826 — when 17 year locusts were "abroad" in N. J., New York. Vir- ginia, etc. "People in the fields can with dif^culty 'hear' each other, they make so much noise." 5 How was the Republican Convention, which met in Sept. 1826, at Trenton, described? "After some 'ar- dent' proceedings and great confusion the parties 'vio- lently' separated." Two tickets, the "Adams"' and "Jackson", ensued. The former received 5.600 and the latter 1,000 votes — the Legislature being 41 Adams, 16 Jackson. "Friendly to the Administration" was the political watchword, or password, of the day. 6 When were the oystermen from 100 vessels arrayed in line of battle — near Bridgeton — in defense of "their" territory? In 1826. 7 What geographical announcement appeared. May 26, 1827, in a Baltimore paper? "A great map of N. J. ordered by the Legislature, nearly ready for publi- cation." 8 When was "tar and feathers" suggested as the proper remedy "for defaulting bank Presidents", etc.? In 1827, when it was announced that "the Franklin Bank — a bubble — has blown up." 144 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Where and when did Gen. Adam Badeau, the mil- itary secretary of Gen. U. S. Grant, die? At Ridge- wood, N. J., March 20, 1895, aged 64 years. Which governor was elected by the Legislature; ■^'without opposition"? Williamson, in 1826. 3 How long ago were indictments found for "treating voters at elections"? 1827, in Salem Co. , 4 In how many words did the Governor of 1713 ad-^ dress the two houses, in Legislature assembled? 26 — ■, or about one to each of the present counties. "I am lieartily glad to meet you here, after so long an ab- sence; and believe you are not sorry to meet me in .^o good company. "Reply." "It is with the greatest sat- isfaction we meet your excellency in such good com- pany now, and hope we shall be favored with it often." 5 Where besides Savannah, Ga. (the Ex Priest Slat- tery case) was an attempt made, in 1895, to prevent free| speech? At Hoboken, in the case of "Bob, the Infidel.". 6 When was Capt. Symmes, the discoverer of "Symmes' Hole", laid up at Trenton, N. J.? In 1827, when donations were requested, through the Trenton True American, that he might reach his Ohio home. 7 When was the first bell made in a mould from blis- tered bar (cast) steel? May 27. 1827, at Jersey City. 8 What comment was made, in 1827, on the shipment of a "broad-cloth power loom" from New York "to" England? "Such shipment ' rom' England to New York would have been a penal ofifence." 9 When was William Wirt (Atty Gen. of the U. S.) one of the counsel for N. J. in its dispute with New- York, on the boundary question? In 1828, and Webster was to be retained by New York. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 145 1 Why was Essex Co. ''celebrated", even in 1828, "for its opposition to British preferences and principles"? Because "from nearness to New York and 'decided Whigism' its people had once suffered more from the British than any others in the U. S." 2 When did the "oyster" bring up the question of "State Rights"? In 1829, at Perth Amboy, where its citizens had planted beds over which New York claimed jurisdiction, and many contests between Jerseymen and New Yorkers occurred. 3 What comment was made March 21, 1829, on the ^'N. J. Manufacturing and Banking Co. of Hoboken"? ■"Another paper mantifacturory of New York origin has ceased operations and its rags selling at 20 cents on the dollar, as marked and stamped on them." 4 When was the capital ($1,000,000) invested in manu- factures at Paterson wholly American according to the press of the day? In 1828. when one nail mill made 850,000 pounds of nails. Paterson had in 1808, 300, and in 1820, 1,837 inhabitants. 5 What novel auction in which N. J. was interested occurred in New York City in Oct. 1828? The sale, in lots, of $12,000 in notes of the Franklin Bank of N. J. i As the first lot brought only 10 cents on the dollar the sale was adjourned. 6 What office was ""Mr. Southard" holding in 1829, when elected Attorney General of N. J.? Sec'y of the Navy, and living in Washington. The same Legisla- ture which called him "a foreigner" when proposed for the U. S. Senate, elected him Atty Gen., said the press. 7 What said S. L. Southard to the Essex and Middle- sex Committee, March 16, 1829, when commending his services as Sec'y of the Navy? "Every Jerseyman re- peats with just pride the names of Bainbridge, Law- rence, Somers, and others." 146 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What aerial item in a Baltimore paper of Oct. 25j 1828? " 'Madame' Johnson recently made a successful ascent from Camden, N. J." 2 Why did Sam Patch propose to plunge into Passaic! Falls — 100 feet — "for the last time" in 1828? To; prove "that he was 'not' crazy, but governed by philo-i sophical principles." I 3 ... i Who once refused — after election on joint ballot by Legislature in 1829 — to accept the office of Gover- nor? G. D. Wall, a "Jackson" man and Atty Gen. of the U. S. for N. J. 4 What "facilities" had Newark in 1829 for getting to New York? A steamboat making four trips a day and a score of stages carrymg 20 to 25 passengers each. 5 When was the monument at Red Bank erected by N. J, and Pennsylvania volunteers in memory of "Lieut. Com. Christopher Gray, who, with 400 men conquered the Hessian Army of 2,000 troops at Red Bank, on the 22nd of Oct. 1777"? Oct. 22, 1829. 6 When was the Canal between "New Ark" and Meads Basin — 24 miles — completed? In 1829, and "boats laden with wood and ston^ have arrived from the North." 7 What was hoped for, in Dec. 1830, when a New York paper printed news of the passage, the week be- fore, of the Delaware and Raritan Canal and Camden and Amboy bills? "Not long before we may reach Philadelphia in three or four hours as easily as we have gone in ten hours by the steamboat North America to Albany." 8 What did an Elizabethtown man, who in 1827-8 had paid cash for 600 tons flax in the sheaf, ofifer the farmers for 1829? $15 a ton for "any quantity" — within 25 miles. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 147 1 What item in Natural history relating to N. J. ap- peared in a Baltimore paper Sept. 26, 1829? "A bear seven feet long and three feet high was killed in Free- hold Tp., Monmouth Co., the 17th ult. It is wondered 'how he got there.' " When did the people of Essex and Middlesex ad- dress a letter to get an answer from John Quincy Adams on "the slate of the country"? March 4th and 11th, 1829 — the assembling place being "Peace Tavern, Rah way."' 3 How many "gentleman idlers" were there in New Brunswick in 1829, when it contained 4,435 white and 558 colored people? 167 — included in the 1,000 males above 21 years old. Other classes: Clergymen 10, doctors 8, lawyers 13, merchants 107, mechanics 389, laborers 286, and innkeepers 29. 4 What reason was given for stopping the U. S. mail, containing the "Christian Advocate," etc. — by the people of Princeton, one Sunday in April 1829? "All out of piety." The mail was released on "Monday" and allowed to proceed to Washington, D. C. 5 Which states besides N. J. had at the close of Jack- son's second term a property qualification? Ohio, Rhode Island and Connecticut. 6 Which governor of N. J. caused Yorktown, Va., to surrender for a "second" time? McClellan, May 4, 1862. 7 How much cotton was consumed by the 17 factories and 32,000 spindles of Paterson in 1829? Over two million pounds and 1.200,000 pounds of yarn were sent to New York and Philadelphia. 8 How much of the total U. S. postage, $1,115,227.22, for the year ending March 31, 1829, came from N. J.? $19,765.64. 148 HISTORICAIv HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What was the annual income in 1830 of the State school fund, then $246,000? About $80,000, said a Bal- timore paper. 2 When were citizens of N. J. exempt, under debts contracted, from imprisonment? July 4, 1830. 3 What "boom" had the stock of Camden and Am- boy in June 1830, when the route engineers were ex- pected? $19 for $5 paid. 4 Where was McCosh, Ex Pres. of Princeton College, who died Nov. 16, '94, born? On the river Doon, Ayer- shire, Scotland, April 1, 1811. He became Pres. of Princeton in 1868, and his body lies in the college ceme- tery — one of America's oldest burying grounds. 5 What comment did a Baltimore paper make, in Jan. 1831, on a war of words in a New Jersey church? "We hate to hear of a pair of parsons standing in the character of gladiators. Let us have less talk and more practice." 6 Where was Editor Gilder, of the "Century" born? At Bordentown, in 1844. His first start from a rail- road clerk was as reporter for a N. J. country news- paper. 7 What did the New York Commercial Advertiser of Jan. 27, 1831, call the boundary dispute between N. J. and New York? "More State Rights" — in allusion to South Carolina grievance. 8 "" What were the members of Congress — Condict, Cooper, Hughes, Randolph and Southard — elected in Dec. 1830, called? "National Republicans", and hence "friends of the American System." 9 What did a person offer in 1822 to construct the canal uniting the Delaware and Raritan for? $250,000 if the right of way was obtained. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 149 i 1 What reference was made to the Bonapartes in Niks' Register of Sept. 25, 1830? "The BurHngton (N. J.) Chronicle states that Joseph Bonaparte was making arrangements to return to France." 2 What was "the most interesting part of the exhibi- tions of domestic manufactures" at Philadelphia in Oct. 1831? "That of the American Nankins — "Nankin Cotton" — made by Mr. Collet, of Paterson. N. J., from cotton grown near Sparta, Ga." "The cotton yielded a natural and permanent nankin yellow color."' 3 When was the deficiency of a N. J. State Treasurer, $16,372.02, attributed to "slight inspections" and "com- plexity of accounts"? In 1821 — that being the joint committee report. 4 Where was the Goss Straightline printing press in- vented? At Jersey City, by a Mr. Firm; and the Scott press hails from Plainfield, N. J. 5 How abnormal were trade relations between N. J. and Ohio in 1822? Wool was sent from N. J. to Steu- benville, O., to be there made into cloth and thence shipped to the New York, Philadelphia and Baltimore markets. 6 Who owned a famous flock of Merino sheep in Bergen Co. in 1821? Butterford, a U. S. Senator dur- ing Washington's administration. "Homes flock" and "Mountain flock" were the divisions — part in Bergen and part in Sussex County. 7 jj What did a Legislative Committee of 1820 think I official salaries and pay of legislators should be reduced to? The scale of the year 1814. 8 How stood the Joint Legislature of 1820 politically? Republicans, 45, and Federalists, 11. Cape May 'chose Federalists. Bergen, Essex, Morris. Sussex, Hunter- don, Somerset. Monmouth and Salem went Republican. 150 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Who died in Jan. 1821 at Long^ Pond — aged 100 years and five months — as "one of the 'first' settlers of the State"? Nicholas Teachman. Why were railroad passengers between New York and Philadelphia driven in hacks April 11, 1895 — from Bordentown to Trenton? Owing to high water on the Delaware and railroad washouts. Office of Delaware and Raritan Canal flooded. No mails or newspapers reached Bordentown that day. 3 What mineral discovery in Salem Co. in 1820? "A large vein of Stone Ochre next in value to the French." 4 What was called a "Rarity" in the Elizabeth Town N. J. Journal of 1820? "Killed in Westfield on the 23rd ult., a wild cat measuring three feet, eight inches in length and one foot eight and one-half inches in height, and weighing eleven and one-half pounds." 5 Why was the $1,000 raised in 1820 by the people of Newark for the fire sufiferers at Savannah, Ga.. returned to the donors? Because the Mayor of Sa\'ann;ih had returned the donations of New York, Philadelphia, etc., with thanks. 6 When did the Newark and St. Louis, Mo., libraries exclude O. Wilde's books therefrom? In April 1895. 7 What was the "Republican" majority in the N. J. Legislature in 1819? In Council, 5; in Assembly, 19. Total, 24 — over the "Federals" in both houses. 8 What said a Baltimore paper, Aug. 7, 1819, of the marl pits of N. J.? "The Township of Middletown, N. J., is remarkable for the relics of 'animals and things' that may be considered to have existed before the flood." In these beds "fragments of 'clay pipes' for smoking have been repeatedly found — horn of deer, tooth of elephant, thigh of rhinoceros, etc." THINGS NEW AND OI,D. 151 1 Where had a fire covering 3,000 acres of timber been burning Nov. 20. 1819. about five weeks? In the Great Swamp, near Springfield. 2 How extensive was the marl belt or zone then (1819) believed to be? To extend "from the Hudson to the Delaware— from Neversink hills near Sandy Hook, to Bordentown and Burlington — two to five miles wide." 3 What word came, in 1819. through the magistrates of Copenhagen and sundry cities of Germany? "We have received a letter from the North American Vis- ionary, Capt. Symmes, who will take a journey into the interior of the earth, if he can obtain assistance." 4 What "send ofif" did Long Branch receive in the New York press of 1819? "The company at this salub- rious retreat is represented to be very numerous and re- spectable at this season." The regulations: a "white" flag hoisted on the beach when ladies might bathe, and a "red" flag for gents, were called "military or naval" and "due form." 5 What was called, up to April 21, 1895. the fastest time made, for the distance, in the U. S.? The special newspaper train between Philadelphia and Atlantic City — 58 and three-tenths miles in 45 minutes — or 76|- miles an hour. The fastest mile made in 41 seconds, or 87 and eight-tenths miles an hour. 6 Who was the father of "Parnell's mother", who fell from an assault on the road near her home at Bordentown? Rear Admiral Stewart, who. in 1812, commanded the U. S. frigate "Constitution" and was retired from service in 1862. 7 What anti and pro-slavery item appeared June 27. 1818, in Niles' Register? " 'Slave Trade.' Another vessel has been seized at Nev/ Orleans for having on board 36 negroes which were received at 'Amboy, New Jersey.' " 152 HISTORICAI^ HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What press item, referring to the printer "of the first quarto Bible ever printed in America" appeared April 5, 1817? "Died, on the 2.1st ult., at Burlington, N. J., Isaac Collins, the oldest printer in the State." 2 Which states besides N. J. had, in 1895, annual legislative sessions? New York. Rhode Island, Massa- chusetts and South Carolina. 3 Which two officers, leading the advanced guard of the second column at the Battle of Trenton, were wounded — when rushing forward to drive the enemy's artillerists from their guns? Capt. Wm. Washington and Lieut. James Monroe — later Pres. of the U. S. 4 How did a Rahway inventor of 181(3 hope "to save much fuel and horseflesh"? By his "boat propelled by weights with great velocity." "An age of invention", said the press at the time. 5 What was seen at Cape ]\Iay in Feb., during the cold winter of 1817 — when the James River at Rich- mond was bridged with ice, and ice on the Potomac, at Alexandria, was 13 inches thick? "As far as the eye can reach at sea from Cape May Island, no water can be seen. Thousands of wagon loads of dead cod fish strew the seven mile beach and ducks are so poor and impotent that a dog can take 300 or 400 in a day." 6 How long ago did the N. J. Legislature authorize the cutting of a canal through Squam Beach, connect- ing the ocean with Cape May Bay, shortening the dis- tance between New York and Philadelphia? In 1816. 7 How long ago had N. J. an astronomer who could tell the New Jersey Journal all the visible and invisible eclipses, solar and lunar, that could "happen" in a century? 1811 — and of the 238 solar he made 43 visible and 195 invisible, and of the 152 lunar, he made 76 visible and 76 invisible. Total, 390. Of the 76 visible lunar, 34 would be total, he said. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 153 1 How long ago was Mt. Mitchell, of the Neversink Hills, named and saluted from a Revenue Cutter with three cheers. In 1816, when D. A. Mitchell, of New York, and Capt. Partridge, of West Point, and others went from New York and ascertained its elevation to be 272 feet. 2 Where did the "Merino Society of the Middle States" hold its first meeting, Oct. 5, 1811? On the Caldwell farm, near Haddonfield, N. J., where, besides men. 300 full blooded merinos testified to the congen- iality of N. J. soil, climate, etc., for them. 3 What was meant, over 200 years ago, when certain hill country in N. J. was said ^o be stony? It was full of iron. 4 When had "the beautiful town of Newark long been famous for its extensive manufacture of leather" and "the delicacy and perfection of its 'cider', which has often been passed on 'knowing' Europeans for 'Cham- pagne Wine' "? In 1814, said the press of that day. 5 Which Governor of N. J. assisted, between 1740- 1750, in getting up the Lewis Evans (Phila.) Map of 1755 — showing the Lake Erie country? Gov. Pownall. 6 How long ago was rice raised in N. J.? In 1698 — when tar, turpentine and whale oil were among the pro- ductions. 7 What did the 20 cotton mills, with 32,500 spindles, in Essex Co., in 1814-15, make per week? 300.000 pounds of yarn, which spun into cloth at 40 cents a yard, gave $36,000 a week, or $1,673,000 per annum. Its 10 woolen mills, with 3,600 spindles, made cloth worth $650,000 per annum. 8 When was the N. J. Legislature changed from "Fed- eral" to "Republican"? In 1813 — thus making the executive a Republican official. 154 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When did Brig. Gen. Joseph Bloomfield, in com- mand at New York, order two doctors and Hon. S. L. Mitchell "to proceed to Schooleys Mountain, on the Musconetunk, in N. J., and examine whether any silica- stone is to be found suitable for the manufacture of flints"? July 25, 1812, and Aug. 2, 1812, they "con- gratulated all the friends of the U. S. that they are at this moment as independent of foreigners for the ma- terials of 'gun flints' as they are for iron, lead and salt- petre." 2 What happened in Dec. 1816, to a stage on the Philadelphia and Trenton line? It took fire and the six passengers had a narrow escape. "Cause." A hot brick on the stage floor to keep a gentleman warm. 3 How long ago did the Legislature grant the re- quest of a N. J, Township to change its name to Law- rence of "Don't give up the ship" fame? 1816, and the press of the day contrasted it with the act of Massa- chusetts in naming a Township "Wellington" at the moment when threatened with his "invincibles." 4 Which counties led in sheep in 1814? Sussex, 46,- 000; Burlington, 26,000; Morris, 22,000. 5 Which counties lea in 1814 in "pure Merino"? Gloucester, 1436; Essex, 575; Morris, 386. 6 What is the origin of Lamberton (where U. S. Explorer Z. M. Pike was born June 5, 1779)? Lam- aton, corrupted from the Indian word "Alamatunk.'' 7 How was the U. S. Direct Tax of 1813 apportioned (cents omitted) among counties in N. J.? Bergen, $7,- 027; Essex, $9,909; Somerset, $7,233; Middlesex, $9,- 182; Sussex, $11,022 • Morris, $8,818; Hunterdon $12,- 251; Burlington, $11,929; Gloucester, $8,823; Mon- mouth, $10,204; Cumberland. $4,357; Salem. $6,528; Cape May, $1,584. Total, $108,871. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 155 1 When were some of the earlier churches in N. J. founded? First church (Cong, and Ind.) at Elizaheth- town 1665; Newark "Meeting House" 1668; Friend's Meeting Shrewsbury and Pres. congregation in Wood- bridge 1670; Meeting house buiU Shrewsbury 1672; Salem Friends' Meeting 1675; First Baptist, Cape May 1675; Pres. Meeting House, Woodbridge 1675; Bur- lington Friends' 1677; Amboy (Friends) 1680; Ches- terfield Meeting 1680; Meeting House, Freehold 1683; Epis. Church, Perth Amboy 1685; Friends', Lower Alloways Creek 1685; Middletown First Baptist Church 1688; Piscataway Second Baptist 1689; Cohansey Bap- tist 1690; Fairfield (Pres.) 1697; Friends' "brick" meet- ing house, Salem 1700; Hopewell Epis. and Raccoon Swedish 1704; Elizabeth Epis. 1706; Greenwich Pres. 1711; Cape May Baptist 1712; New Brunswick Dutch Reformed 1714; Hopewell Baptist 1715; Penn's Neck Swedish 1717; Westfield Pres. 1727; Union Pres. 1730; Deerfield Pres. church, built 1737; New Providence Pres. 1737; Trenton Friends 1740; Rahway Pres. 1740; Pittsgrove Pres. 1741; Kingswood Baptist. Minisink and Walpeck 1742; Hightstown Baptist and Springfield Pres. 1745; Scotch Plains Baptist and German Valley church 1747; Freasburg Lutheran 1748; Logtown Pres. 1750; Morristown Baptist 1752; Salem, the First Meth. odist. 1784. 2 When was "Wampum" (i. e. Indian money, made out of clam and other shells and strung like beads on a string, or belt) the chief currency of New Jersey? In 1673, when, supposing that its scarcity made it low, the Gov. and Council of New York made a .proclama- tion in Albany, Delaware and Long Island that six white and three black wampums, instead of eight and four, should pass for a penny — two cents. 3 How did N. J. rank among the states in cattle in 1890? The 14th, Texas, Iowa, Illinois, Kansas, New York, Missouri, Pennsylvania, Ohio, Nebraska, Indi- ana, Wisconsin, Minnesota and Michigan, outranking N. J. with her 250,000 head. 156 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How long- ago did an inventive New Jersey man suggest a force pump — cost |30 or $40 — for every cotton, paper or other mill, in lieu of fire engines manned by 20 or 30 persons, etc.? July 29, 1814. 2 What besides "New Cesarea" did New Yorkers call New Jersey, in 1673? Achter Col — i. e. the territory behind, or beyond, the Col, or Kill, the Dutch name for the channel or bed of a river or stream. 3 When was Amboy named ''Perth"? In 1048, in honor of a British Earl. The same year a ferr}- then connected it with New York and Pennsylvania. 4 What says one of the old settlers writing ''from Burlington in Delaware river, the 26th of 8th month, 1677"? "The country is so good that I do not see how it can reasonably be found fault with. The air seems very agreeable to our bodies and we have good stom- achs to our victuals. Plenty of fish and fowl, good veni- son very plentiful and full of gravy. The Indians are 'very loving' to us, except here and there one with liquor in his head." 5 What says another colonist in 1860? "I have seen an apple tree from a pipin kernel yield a barrel of curi- ous cider, and peaches in such plenty that some people took their carts a peach gathering. They are a very delicate fruit and hang almost like our onions that are tied on ropes. Fruit trees in this country 'destroy themselves' by the very weight of their fruit. Cran- berries, much like cherries for color and bigness — ex- cellent sauce for venison, turkey, etc. — brought to our homes by Indians, who also bring us seven or eight fat bucks a day. ISheither will the country produce corn without labor, nor bread with idleness, else it would be a 'brave' coimtry indeed." 6 What were ofificial salaries in 1682? Governor, 20 pounds; speaker. 5; clerk, 5; paid annually, by tax, in money, corn and skins. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 157 1 What side scene occurred in N. J. just prior to the Declaration that "all men are entitled to Life, Libert}'-, and the pursuit of happiness"? At Freehold, N. J., Feb. 29, 1776, this Resolution: "That all Slaves, Either Negroes, Mulattoes or Others, that Shall Be found off their Master's, or Mistress's, premises any time of the night after the Daylight is Gone, May Be taken Up By any person Whatsoever, and Secured Until a tine of ten Shillings Be paid By the Master or Mistress to the person taking them up, and in failure of payment of Such fine the Slave Shall Be Delivered to the iMinute Men to be Kept Under Guard Until he Shall Receive fifteen Lashes on the Bare Back, for Which the Master Shall pay the Sum of four Shillings, provided that Such Slaves as have Leave from their Masters in Writing Shall not Be Liable to the above penalty." 2 What practical reasons did the Legislature of N. J. give. May 22, 1683, for an early adjournment? "Con- sidering the season of the yeare and the necessity of the Representatives of this p'vince to bee at their habita- tions, the wether being so wett, by wch reason their Cropps of Corn may be in much Danger to their great Damage and Losse w^^ possibly may be p'vented by their Speedy repaireing home, wherefore the Deputies mooves for an Adjournmt of this Assembly till the Third Tusday in October next. P. order of the house, John Bound." Now it is "fences" rather than crops which hurry legislators home. 3 What objection had the Council of N. J. in March 1683, to fining people for not worshiping God? "3. The Bill obligeing 'all' p'sons to worship in public or private, or pay 5 d. 'Every' person who has not wit- ness of his private worship (w^h ts much if he has any) must pay 5 d. It seemes 'unreasonable' to take witness for private worship." 4 What common phrase contains much history? "The Jerseys", referring back to the time (1674) when there was an "East" and "West" Jersey. 158 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Whence, during Gov. Hamilton's time (1688) were the "Deputies" chosen? "Eliza: Toune", "New Bar- badoes", "Out Pantacions of Bergen", "Piscataway", "Amboy perth", "Shrewsbury", "ffor Newark", "Wood- bridge". "Middletowne", "Bergen Corp'ac'on", "Out Plantac'ons and pon Raraton." 2 What legal tender law was passed in 1682? Making "Mark Newby's coppers", or "Patrick's (Irish) half- pence" legal tender in sums of five shillings — on giving bond for the redemption of same to the Speaker. 3 What happened to non-apprenticed servants com- ing to N. J. in 1682? Required to serve four years from the time the ship landed and be brought before Court to have their servitude fixed by law. On leaving ser- vice, without contract, were to have given them ten bushels corn, two hoes and an ax, besides clothing. 4 Were the Council of N. J., in March 1683, in ad- vance of the age, when they thus opposed a Bill for compulsory worship? "This Bill enforces people by paynes and penaltyes to worship whether their worship be true or false; if false, better none than any. Better bee silent than ofifer the Sacrifice of fooles. This Bill insinuates as if the first day were holy, w^h the Holy Scriptures never said, more than any other — Every day his holy to Lord — hee has noe profane Dayes. * * Lett every man bee fully persuaded in his owne mind. Liberty of Conscience ought to bee p'ferred and Licen- tiousness punished." 5 What thought a New Jersey patriot of Washing- ton, when writing from Newark, April 22, 1783, to Elias Boudinot? "But Washington is the Patriot of Patriots. Talk of your Catos, y'' Brutus' and y'^ Cassius' — they are all mere Fools to him." 6 What novel banquet — "a la France" — was given at Newark, Dec. 19, '94? A horse-fiesh feast to 100 guests — and a horse meat market there was proposed. THINGS NEW AND OI,D. 159 1 What brought many Scotch people to the New Jersey Colonies? The cruel persecutions attending the restoration of Charles II, towards the Scotch, who were Presbyterians. 2 Wherein were N. J. and Pennsylvania more liberal than the other colonies? They gave the poor man a better chance to buy a farm, thus anticipating Galusha Grow (Pa.) and "Land Bill Allen", of Ohio. 3 What does the American Antiquarian Society say of the origin of the name "New Jersey"? Named in honor of Sir George Carteret, who in England's great civil war, had defended the Isle of Jersey, in the British Channel. 4 What negro legislation is mentioned in the Journal of the Gov. and Council of N. J., May 23, 1683? "A Bill Entitled an Act Agst trading w^h Negro Slaves Jthis Day sent to the Deputyes was sent back w^h their Con- currence thereto w^hout any Amendmt^." 5 Who commanded the N. J. Brigade and Union Troops held in reserve at the Battle of Bull's Run, July 15, 1861? Gen. Runyon. 6 Who commanded the First Brigade of N. J. three year regiments, after the Battle of Bull's Run? Gen. Philip Kearney, on whom, for services at the battle of Solferino, Napoleon conferred the Cross of the Legion of Honor. Col. S. H. Starr commanded the Second N. J. Brigade. 7 How long has N. J. been a State? 8 How long since there were two political divisions — E. and W. Jersey? 9 Which is the longer interval, that between Philip- Carteret and Gov. Wm. Franklin, or that between Gov. Franklin and the present governor of N. J.? 160 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How much money did N. J. raise in public and pri- vate subscription, within 30 days after Sumter was hred on — to defend the State and Nation? As much as the Morris Canal cost, or two-thirds the cost of the Dela- ware and Raritan. 2 How many persons "crossed the Delaware" for other reasons than given by Gen. Washington? About 4,500 from Philadelphia to Camden — to get married — on the non-debatable ground of New Jersey. 8 What frontage has Monmouth Co. on the ocean? Less Sandy Hook, about 22 miles, and that includes a chain of 32, or more, watering places. 4 What is Monmouth Co. celebrated for? Apple- jack, oysters and trotting horses — as Monmouth Park race track indicates. 5 What region of N. J. is both a winter and a sum- mer resort? The Pines, of Monmouth Co. 6 What are Navesink Highlands to the ocean trav- eler? The first seen on approaching and the last on leaving New York. 7 What means the word "Navesink"? "Good fishing ground", and some descendants of the first purchasers, from the Indians, live there still. 8 How old are the ruins of the Dutch summer house "Lust and Rust", described by Cooper in his "Water- witch", as still to be seen on the Navesink Highlands? About 225 years. 9 What was one of the earliest names borne by New Jersey? New Canary, but its Indian name was "Schey- ichlie." "Nova Caesarea" was another name, and New Jersey was given in honor of Sir George Calvert, one of its owners, who was a native and governor of Old Jersey. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 161 1 When was the cedar "timber mine", near Dennis- ville first discovered? In 1812, and for over 83 years, trees have been exhumed from this forest cemetery. They are found at depths varying from five to twelve and even eighty feet (as at Cape May) by prodding with an iron rod — after which a trench is dug and flooded with water, which brings the severed trunk to the sur- face. Tubs and pails made of this mined cedar have done duty for 80 years. Cedar forests buried at vari- ous depths are supposed to await future development. 2 Whence did Cape May derive its name? From Capt. Cornelius Jacobse Mey, who led a Dutch trading expedition to Delaware in 1623, and on Timber Creek, at Gloucester, built the first Dutch fort (Nassau) and settlement. 3 Wliat is the substance of the deed, or grant, of ^^New Jersey . dated June 24, 1664, from the Duke of York to Sir Geo. Carteret, Lord Berkley and others? ^^All that tract of land 'adjacent to New England' and lying and being to the westward of Long Island and Manhattas Island, and bounded on the east by the main sea and part by Hudson's River, and hath on the west Delaware Bay. or River, and extendeth southward to t"he main ocean as far as Cape May, at the mouth of Delaware Bay, and to the northward as far as the northermost branch of the said bay, or river, of Dela- ware, which is in 41 degrees and 40 minutes of latitude, and crosseth over thence in a straight line to Hudson's River in 41 degrees of latitude, which said tract of land is hereafter to be called 'Nova Caesarea' or 'New' Jer- sey; and also all rivers, mines, minerals, woods, fish- ings, hawkings, huntings, and fowlings and all other royalties, profits, commodities and hereditaments what- soever to the said lands and premises belonging." 4 What prominent man had a 99 year lease on a cop- per mine in 1750? Elias Boudinot, of Philadelphia, who sent the ore to England from the mine near New Brunswick. 162 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What XJOwerful corporation held its annual meeting for the election of officers at Newark, Jan. 9, 1895? The American Sugar Refining Co. — or "Sugar Trust," — which in 1894 held a great party in abeyance and shaped the tariff policy of the United States. Two other Trusts, the Tobacco and American Book Co., hail from New Jersey. 2 Which were some of the earliest settlements in N. J.? ''Bergen", whose first settlers, Danes, named it after the capital of Norway. "Elizabeth", whose site was purchased of some Staten Island chiefs and after- wards, Dec. 2, 1664, confirmed by Gov. Nichols to John Baker, of New York, and others. "Shrewsbury", set- tled in 1664 by immigrants from Connecticut and other parts of New England. "Middletown", first visited by Dutch and English, the latter establishing themselves in 1666 — with accessories from West Long Island. An overflow reached Freehold. 3 Where was the first iron works in N. J.? Near Shrewsbury, Monmouth Co., where, in 1676, 3,540 acres were bought by Lewis Morris, and 60 negroes employed in smelting in 1682. The "Lords of Trade", London, were asked, in 1714, by the Council and Assembly of N. J., "to further its iron interests." 4 Where was the Bessemer process "first" tried in this country? At the Phillipsburg iron furnace of Peter Cooper, who, in 1847, started up the works, which in 1778 were owned by Royalists and confiscated by Con- gress — so as to get its superior steel iron for govern- ment use. 5 Where were the first wrought iron beams used in fire-proof buildings, made? At the iron rolling mills of Trenton. 6 When did the Assembly of N. J., imitating the House of Commons, first open its doors to the public? Oct. 12, 1769. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 163 1 On whom does New Jersey confer the honor of in- venting and running the first steamboat, three years be- fore the trial in 1788 by Fuhon? John Fitch, a citizen of Lamberton, near Trenton, where he made bullets and repaired arms for the patriots, till the enemey de- stroyed his shop and tools. March 19, 1786, the Legis- lature granted him a 14 years' patent on his steamboat invention, covering the State. 2 How many infantry and cavalry regiments did N. J. furnish during the 1861-5 war? Forty, and five bat- teries of artillerv. 3 How many naval enlistments in 1861-5? 4,853. 4 How many men did the State furnish in all? 88,- 305, or 10,000 more than required by the General Gov- ernment. 5 When was New Jersey's entire electoral vote of no avail? In 1813, when she voted for Clinton and Inger- soll; in 1837, Harrison and Granger; in 1845, Clay and Frehnghuysen; in 1865, McClellan and Pendleton; in 1869, Seymour and Blair; in 1876, Tilden and Hend- ricks; in 1880, Hancock and English, and in 1888, Cleveland and Thurman. 6 What were some of the chief items in the 1861-5 war expenses of the State? Advance pay, $60,278; transportation, $74,032; barracks, $131,593; camp equip- age, $161,163; clerk hire, $135,825; clothing, $889,448: horses, $310,420; ordnance,. $499,905; subsistence, $174,- 290, etc. Total, $2,894,384.99. 7 What was the population of the ten counties of E. and W. Jersey when the first census was taken in 1737? "E. Jersey": Bergen Co., 3,289; Essex, 6,644; xMiddle- sex, 4,261; Monmouth, 5,431; Somerset Co., 3,773. Total, 23,398. "West Jersey": Burlington Co., 4,895; Cape May Co., 962; Gloucester, 3,145; Hunterdon, 5,288, and Salem Co., 5,700. Total, 19,990. 164 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. ] Where were the first five State mihtary camps lo- cated? Camp Perrine, at Trenton; Camp Stockton, at Woodbury; Camp Frelinghuysen, at Newark; Camp Vrendenburg, at Freehold, and Camp Fair Oaks, at Flemington. 2 What did Franklin compare the State to, when the cities of New York and Philadelphia were attracting her "best" young men? "A beer barrel, tapped at both ends, with all the 'live' beer running into Philadelphia and New York." 3 What the population of the thirteen counties in the State in 1790? 184,139. 4 Which counties had the extremes of population? Cape May Co. the least, 2,571; Hunterdon Co. the most, 20,153. 5 What is the order in years of formation of the dif- ferent counties of the State? Salem in 1675. Gloucester 1677, Bergen and Middlesex in 1682, Somerset 1688, Burlington 1694, Essex, Monmouth and Cape May counties in 1710, Hunterdon 1714, Morris 1739, Cum- berland 1748, Sussex 1753, Warren 1824, Passaic and Atlantic in 1837. Mercer 1838, Hudson 1840. Camden 1844, Ocean 1850. and Union in 1857. 6 How has the population ranged since the Revolu- tion? 1790, white. 184,139, slaves. 11.423; 1800. white, 211,149, slaves. 12,422; 1810. white, 245.562. slaves. 10,- 851; 1820, white. 277,575, slaves, 7,357; 1830, white. 320,823, slaves, 2,254; 1840, white, 373,306, slaves, 674; 1850. white, 489,555. slaves. 236; 1860, white, 672,035. slaves, 30; 1870, white, 906,096, slaves, none; 1880, 1,- 131,116; 1890 1,444,933. 7 Which was the second paper mill in America? That built at Elizabeth, N. J., and owned by Sam'l Brad- ford, State printer for New Jersey and New York. The first paper mill at Roxboro, Pa. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 165 i Who have been U. S. Senators from New Jersey? Jonathan Ehner, 1789-1791: Wm. Paterson. 1789-1790; P. Dickerson, 1790-1793; John Rutherford. 1791-1798; F Frelmghiiysen, 1793-1796;. R. Stockton, 1796-1799; F. Davenport, 1798-1799; J. Schureman, 1799-1801; Jonathan Dayton, 1799-1805; A. Ogden, 1801-1803; John Condit, 1803-1809; A. Kitchell, 1805-1809; John Lambert, 1809-1815; John Condit, 1809-1817; J. J. Wil- son, 1815-1821; Mahlon Dickerson, 1817-1829; S. L. Southard, 1821-1823; J. Mcllvaine, 1823-1826; E. Bate- man, 1826-1829; T. FreHnghuysen, 1829-1835; M. Dick- inson, 1829-1833; S. L. Southard. 1833-1842; G. D. Wall, 1835-1841; J. W. Miller. 1841-1853; W. L. Day- ton, 1842-1851; R. F. Stockton, 1851-1859; Wm. Wright, 1853-1859; J. R. Thompson, 1853-1862; R. S. Field, vacancy; J. C| Ten Eyck, 1859-1865; Wm. Wright, 1863-1869; F. F. FreHnghuysen, 1867-1877; J. P. Stockton, 1869-1875; T. F. Randolph, 1875-1881; J. R. McPherson, 1877-1883; Wm. J. Sewell, 1881-1887; J. R. McPherson, 1883-1889; Rufus Blodgett, 1887-1893; J. R. McPherson, 1889-1895; James Smith, Jr., 1893- 1899; Wm. J. Sewall, 1895-1901. 2 • Who was the first New Jersey printer? James Parker, in 1751, at Woodbridge. 3 Which were the first periodicals? "New American Magazine", printed by Parker, and "New Jersey Ga- zette, 1791, (by Collins, at Burlington), a weekly 14x9 inches; price, 26 shillings a year. 4 Where did slave-ships land in the "good old" times? At Perth Amboy, then the distributing point. Children of slave parents were made free by law in 1820, but there were still 674 slaves in the State, as late as 1840. 5 What great feat for 1791 did Isaac Collins, the printer, perform? He printed a quarto Bible — like "Oxford edition" — of 984 pages with index concord- ance, etc., 3.000 copies, four dollars each. 166 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY 1 What of the first brick manufactured? Their size and quahty in 1683 was regulated by law. The Friends Meeting House, built at Salem in 1700, and costing about 416 pounds, is the first brick house of record. A Quaker church built of brick in 1739, was still standing a few years ago. 2 What industrial corporation was Alexander Hamil- ton identified with in 1791? The "Society for the Es- tablishment of Useful Manufactures", capital $200,000, shares $400 each. It founded Paterson and had the monopoly of the Passaic water fall's power. The falls have a descent of 50 to 72 feet. Its mill manufactured yarn in 1791, and calico in 1794. 3 What of glass making? The Germans had a fac- tory in 1748 ,at Freasburg — and the "Wistar Glass Works", in Salem Co., were in operation in 1765. 4 Where does the U. S. Navv get much of its canvas? At the duck factories of Paterson. 5 Who started the manufacture of silk from the Co- coon? John Rawle, of England, at Paterson in 1840. 6 What of the largest cotton thread Co. in the U. S.? It was started in Newark in 1865, at a cost of $750,000, and is called "The Clark Thread Co." 7 When did the name "Jersev Blues" originate? In the King George war of 1745-8, when New Jersey's soldiers, as in the 12 other colonial campaigns, were clad in "blue." But the color did "not" affect their valor. 8 What unofficial legend is on the Seal of N. J., adopted in 1776? Liberty and Prosperity — • though of right entitled to both. "Three" ploughs and Ceres on a silver shield, betoken her agricultural — or rather horticultural — Garden State — prosperity. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 167 1 Which famous N. J. generals have niches in the National Gallery at Washington? Gallant Phil. Kear- ney, of the war of 1861, and Richard Stockton, one of the signers of the "Declaration." 2 What are the dimensions of the great "Bean" to which N. J. has been likened? Length, from the North to Cape May, 167 and three-eighths miles; greatest breath, 59 miles; least (South Amboy to Bordentown) 32 miles, and it spreads over 5,324,800 acres. 3 Which four states have less area than N. J.? Mas- achusetts, Connecticut, Delaware and Rhode Island. 4 How long did women vote in N. J.? From 1776 to 1807, during the reign (30 years) of universal suffrage. 5 What led Philadelphians to call N. J. a foreign land (Spain) and read her out of the Union? The presence there of the Social leader — Joseph Bonaparte — Ex King of Spain (1808-13) who, after his Waterloo, fled to this country and settled at Bordentown, where he bought an estate of 1,400 acres and entertained in grand ^tyle. 6 What is "the present value" of the West half of New Jersey, which Lord Berkely sold in 1674 for $5,000 to a "Syndicate" of Quakers? . A line drawn from Little Egg Harbor to Burlington represents the then dividing line between E. and W. Jersey. 7 How is the "Peninsula" of N. J. divided? (1) Pine forests, marshes, and sand hills, in the South; (2) mountains in the North, and (3) hills in the center. 8 What singular petition was presented by a son of Judge Symmes to Congress? For an expedition to en- ter the openings at the earth's poles — • his theory being that the earth is hollow and inhabited at the center. Hence the name "Symmes Hole." 168 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What mountain range parallels the Delaware for 50 miles? The Blue or Kittatinny range. It rises from Mt. Tammany, 1,479 feet, to High Point, 1.799 feet. 2 How extensive are the "Highlands" of N. J.? Sixty miles long. 22 miles wide, and area 9 years ago, of the old village of Boonton, where, in 1770, was estab- lished the first nail mill in the country? The bursting of a dam. 4 Which now fashionable ]\laine resort was granted (with $6,500 a year) in 1762, to an Ex. Gov. of N. J.? Mt. Desert Island — to Francis Bernard, a patron of Harvard College. 6 What was the estimated population, in 1896, on the 185 square miles, whose center is Central Park, N. Y.? 4,000,000 people, very many of whom were New Jersey- ans, and New Yorkers in New Jersey. 6 What comment did Gov. Griggs make in his mes- sage of Jan. 21, 1896, on the immense mass of statute laws entailed by loose legislation on the State? The forthcoming three volumes, of 1,000 pages each, are in bulk thrice as large as the General Statutes of the U. S. — so as to be almost beyond the power of the legal mind to acquire it or the judicial mind to interpret it. 7 What implied notice, or warning, did Gov. Griggs serve, Jan. 21, 1896, on the Legislature? That he would not approve trifling or unnecessary legislation. 8 What addition to "the palaces" of N. J. was talked of in Jan. 1896? A $500,000 one at Lakewood for the Goulds. 202 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What was the estimated membership of the Bicycle division of wheehiien, known as the Trenton Club, when in Jan. 1896 it was talking of Toledo, O., for its annual meet, or rendezvous? About 2,400. 9 Why did a man who had lived a hermit for 30 years in Warren Co., go to his home in Sussex Co. on Jan 21, 1896? Because of a vow made in Gov. Ward's time, that he would live alone till another Republican gover- nor was elected. 3 What, besides Sunday papers, did the ]^Iethodist Conference at Newark April 1, 1896, denounce? Sun- day bicycle riding. 4 What comment was made in Ohio on the effort in N. J. to preserve the birthplace house of Pres. Cleve- land at Caldwell? That Grant's infancy cabin stood solitary and unprotected in the State Fair grounds at Columbus. 5 How did Wisdom and Foolishness stare each other almost in the face, the same day, in April 1896? At Paterson, where a woman trapped a burglar by locking him in a closet, and at New Brunswick, where a drunken farmer put a lighted cigar in his pants pocket and cre- mated himself. 6 Where was "Uncle Noah" — aged 124 — the oldest man in N. J., living in April 1896? In the Poorhouse of Middlesex Co., on a diet of bread and milk, rice and fish. At same time the oldest inhabitant — 102 years — of Cumberland Co. died. A walk of ten miles on a stretch was his delight. 7 What of "Blind Charley", who died, aged 77, in New Brunswick in April 1896? He was "the local his- torian", and knew every foot of ground in the place — and up to the time of his marriage, ten years previous, never slept in a bed, and used neither light nor heat in his room, and never felt the cold. THINGvS NEW AND OI^D. 203 1 What was called the highest flight ever made by a kite? That of Nov. 7, 1893, at Bayonne, when two miles of cord were used in flying tandem kites, one of which reached an altitude of 5,595 feet. A storm swept two kites and 3,000 feet of line into Newark Bay. 2 What did a Princeton professor say, March 10, 1896, of Perrine's comet, which alarmists said would strike the earth — but which passed earth's plane Feb. 25, '96? "It will never be visible to earth's inhabitants again." 3 How long had minister Tompkins been pastor at Long Branch when he died in March 1896? About 23 years — nearly half his life. 4 When was the Great Search Light used at the World's Fair, Chicago, placed 165 feet above sea level, on the Barnegat Light House? In 1896 — sending its rays nearly 19 miles seaward. 5 How old was McClellan when nominated for the presidency? Only 38, and when governor of the State, — years. 6 When was "an Astor" divorced at Trenton by Chancellor McGill? In March 1896 — when the two year old Coleman-Dayton case was decided. 7 When had a Princeton professor celebrated his 50th year of service in that seat of learning? March 3, 1896. 8 Where did Geo. S. Coe — a New York bank presi- dent — financial adviser of Pres. Lincoln, and origin- ator of the Clearing House Certificate System, die in May 1896? At Englewood CHfifs, N. J. 9 What made the thread companies of N. J. and Scotland of one mind and strand? Their consolidation in May 1896. 204 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What was the boast of A. S. Fuller, who. for 25 years, had been a noted writer on horticulture and en- tomology? That surrounding his home, at Ridge wood^ where he died May 1896, were growing trees from all parts of the world. 2 What notable literary men died in N. J. the same day — May 11, 1896? Bunner, editor of 'Tuck" (estab. 1877), at Nutley, and Urner, of "Price Current" fame, at Fenwood. 3 What was the estimated value of the advertising in New Jersey and other American papers during 1895? Over $100,000,000. 4 What, in April 1896, was called "a sign of the times"' by Western papers? A mock Republican National Convention — in which all the states were "repre- sented", including "favorite sons" — the first vote be- ing McKinley 200 and Reed 183 — when a Harrison stampede set in, at the instance of a loving Delaware- maid. 5 What queer-named places or towns in Ocean and other counties? Double-Trouble, Seven Stars, Mount Misery, Ongs Hat, Old Half-Way, Butterfly Bridge,, Alligator, Mosquito Cove, Mary Ann Furnace, Calico and Martha, Sandtown, Tumble, Fox Chase, Old Hur- ricane, Lower Squankum, Pestletown, Zubs Bridge, Bargaintown, Prospertown and Success. 6 When did Freehold have a wonderful case of sus- pended animation? In April 1896 — when the shriek of the corpse nearly killed the watchers. 7 Why was April 12, 1896, called "a dry Sunday" in Jersey City and Long Branch? Because of the Excise Law. 8 How many sheep had N. J. Jan. 1, 1895? About 40,000, worth $130,000, or $2.65 each. THINGS NP:w and OLD. 205 1 What meant the newspaper heading of April 15, 1896 — "Threaded for Life"? The Union of thread and iron — in the marriage of the milHonaire thread-maker's daughter, at Newark, to a Glasgow iron merchant, in view of 1,000 guests. 2 How many relatives were present April 20, 1896, at Ferrell, Gloucester Co., when "x\unt Hannah" (Chard), "the oldest woman in N. J.", celebrated her 108th birthday? Besides three sons (youngest t!6) 32 grandchildren, 82 great-grandchildren, and 12 great- great-grandchildren — while hundreds came in many directions to pay her respects. What penalty was imposed, in April 1806, at Perth Amboy, for killing a robin? Fine of $20, and sent to jail for non-payment — at the instance of State Game Warden. 4 Why was every school in N. J. engaged April 21, 1896, in setting out some kind of tree, vine, herb, or plant? Because the law made it obligatory on every teacher to thus observe Arbor Day. 5 When did Princeton College celebrate the 150th anniversary of its founding in 1746? October 20, 1896. How does Princeton rank in age among the five colleges existing in the colonial period? The third. How does Princeton rank in regard to the Decla- ration of Independence? As furnishing the only Col- lege President who signed that instrument. By whom was the "Large State" and "Small State" controversy in forming the U. S. Constitution amicably settled? Largely by Princeton graduates from N. J. and Connecticut, then m Congress. 6 Who first appointed Mercer Beasley (who died in Trenton, Feb. 19, 1897, aged 81), Chief Justice? Joel Parker, in 1864, and governors Randolph, AlcClellan and Abbott re-appointed him, his term ending in 1899. 206 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY, 1 When was the dynamite Cruiser "Vesuvius" sent along the N. J. and Southern shore to destroy danger- ous old vessel hulks? In Jan. 1895. 2 When did the Supreme Court of N. J. deny woman admission to the bar, "as against reason and authority"? In Jan. 1895. 3 What did "the Advance Agent of Prosperity" do in Feb. 1897, to a Paterson iron company, which had been in business for 45 years? Forced it to retire. 4 During what period had no Republican governor been elected in N. J.? 1865-1895. 5 What was called, in Feb. 1897, "a grand engineer- ing scheme"? The redemption of 27,000 acres of tide- overflowed marsh land near Jersey City, at a cost of $40 to $2500 an acre — the tract having "seven to fifteen feet of peat, wood and valuable vegetable matter in or on it." 6 How did the religious denominations of N. J. rank according to the U. S. census of 1890? Catholics, 223,- 274; Methodists, 96,377; Presbyterians, 59,464; Bap- tists, 39,760; Episcopahans, 30,429; Lutherans, 12,878; Congregationalists, 4,912; Disciples, 105. Total, 508.- 351. What was the seating capacity — what the value — of the 2,204 church edifices in N. J. in 1890? 803,017, and $20,490,414. 7 When and where were bread and beer in large lots sent by trolly about 15 miles to market? In Hudson Co. in Nov. 1895. 8 When were members of the N. J. State Guard sta- tioned 16 miles apart — at Eagle Rocks, Orange Moun- tain, N. J., and at the Produce Exchange, New York City — for the purpose of signalling each other by the heliograph process? Nov. 16, 1895. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 207 1 What was called "following a friend" in Jersey City, Feb. 24, 1897? The suicide of James Stevens, a butcher, because one Childs, his bosom friend of 25 years, had suicided. 2 When was the P. O. of Summit, N. J., robbed of $5,000 in stamps and $500 in money? In Nov. 1895. 3 Population (where over 3,000) of cities and towns of New Jersey, for 1870, 1880 and 1890: 1870 1880 1890 Atlantic City 1,043 5,477 13,038 Bayonne 9,372 18,996 Bordentown 4,258 5,045 Bridgeton 6,830 8,722 11,471 Burlington 5,817 6,090 8,198 Camden 20,045 41,659 58,274 Chambersburg 5,437 ■Elizabeth 20,832 28,229 37,670 Gloucester, 3,682 5,347 6,563 Hackensack 4,248 6,014 Harrison 4,129 6,898 8,528 Hoboken 20,297 30,999 43,561 Jersey City 82,546 120,722 163,987 Lambertville 3,842 4,183 4,158 Millville 6,101 7,660 9,957 Morristown 5,418 8,156 Newark 105,059 136,508 181,518 New Brunswick 15,058 17,166 18,459' Orange 9,348 13,207 18,774 Passaic 6,532 13,027 Paterson 33,579 51,031 78,358 Perth Amboy 2,861 4,808 9,476 Phillipsburg 7,181 8,642' Plainfield 5,095 8,125 11,250 Rahway 6,258 6.455 7,090 Salem 4,515 5,056 5,112 Trenton 12,874 29,940 58.488 Union 4,640 5.849 10,643 Vineland ' 2.549 4,068 Woodbury 1,965 2,298 3,867 208 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Camden . . . Cape May.. Cumberland Essex Gloucester . Hudson . . . . Hunterdon . Mercer . . . . 235 81)0 Area in square miles of the 21 counties of Jersey: Atlantic 565 Bergen Burlington 220 .... 255 505 .... 127 .... 32G .... 43 .... 43 1 New Middlesex 310 Monmouth 475 Morris 470 Ocean 578 Passaic ll>7 Salem 340 Somerset 303 Sussex 525 Union 102 Warren 300 How much less population had "The Jerseys" in 1701 than 1890? 1,429,933 (1,444,933-15,000). 3 When was the first State Constitution formed? July 2, 1776, and though it took only two days to make it, it remained in force until a new one was adopted June 29, 1844. 4 When was the word "State" substituted for "Colony" by New Jersey? September 20, 1777, by a special act of the Assembly. 5 Where and when was the 93rd annual conference of the Seventh Day Baptists held? At Plainfield, Aug. 21, 1895. 6 When did 150 descendants of the Edward Phelps who came to Ohio from Windsor, Conn., in 1806, meet in Ohio to celebrate the lineage which included Wm. Walter Phelps, of N. J., E. J. Phelps, Ex. Min. to England, etc.? Aug. 22, 1895. What occurrence of Aug. 22, 1895, did a N. J. far- m.cr call a miracle? That the cut hay on his farm, near Caldwell, was untouched by a rain that deluged all the farms around him. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 209 1 What document bearing date April 1753, was found in a pile of waste paper in Sept. 1895, at Oakland, Cal.? A deed from Morris to Grant, of the site on which Rahway is built. 2 When did the "Ten Dollar Coffin Society" lose a member at Vineland? In 1895 — and the noted Bible- hater was hauled to his atheistic resting-place in a com- mon wagon. 3 What rival candidates were named in Sept. 1895 for governor? Ex. Sen. J. W. Griggs (Rep.), and Chancellor A. E. McGill (Dem.). 4 Who took Blaine's place in Garfield's cabinet when Arthur became President? F. T. Frelinghuysen. 5 What were the 184,000 hogs in N. J. Jan. 1, 1895. estimated worth? $1,748,000, or $9.50 each. What were the 192,000 Milch cows of N. J. worth Jan. 1, 1895? $6,528,000, or .$34.00 each. WHiat were the 40,000 other cattle in the State Jan. 1, 1895, worth? $1,176,000. or $24.00 each. What total value was put on the 88,000 N. J. horses Jan. 1. 1895? $6,424,000, average $73 each. How many mules were there in N. J. Jan. 1, 1895? About 8,000, worth $68,000, or $85 each. 6 How were some letters written from Stockbridge, Mass., in 1752, addressed? To "New Ark, in the Jerseys." 7 Where in N. J. was a farmer attacked, wounded and routed by owls? On High Hill, near Dayton — while stripping, in 1895, a veteran chestnut tree. 8 What plans were before the Legislature in Jan. 1895, to preserve the Palisades? (1) To buy back all riparian rights sold within past 30 years, and (2) to sell no more such rights. Circulars addressed to every Palisade-lover were sent broadcast over the U. S. 210 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How many cities and towns of N. J. have business Directories? About 40. 2 What credits did the U. S. census of 1890 give N. J. for orchard products? Bushels: Apples, 603,890; Apri- cots, 2; Cherries. 6,762; Peaches, 776.073; Pears, 80,- 064; Plums and Prunes, 617 bushels. 3 What the number and amount of real estate mort- gages in force in N. J., Jan. 1. 1890? $141. 7o4, for S232,- 565,918, on 25,197 acres, and 116,507 lots. Average un- paid amount of each mortgage. $1,641. Average rate of interest on the mortgages, 5.73 ijer cent. 4 How much more railroad mileage (single track) had N. J. in 1890 (2052.36) than in 1880 (1648.92)? 403.- 44 miles. 5. How many of the 17 Express companies in the U. S. are chiefly in N. J.? The Camden and Atlantic — mileage 78.93 — and West Jersey Express — mileage operated. 245.06. 6 What was the 11th census estimate of the cost in construction and improvement of the three N. J. canals (length 171.02 miles and 47 locks)? $10,929,740, or about $64,000 a mile. What was the net income (v. 11th census report) from the canals of N. J. with their 314 tow-boats, worth $92,275? $33,604.56. 7 What per cent, of the people of N. J. were church members in 1890? 35.18, or 508.351 (U. S. census.) 8 Where was the second paper mill of Wm. Bradford, who established, in 1690, the "first" one on this conti- nent, at Roxborough, on Paper ]\lill Run. near Phila- delphia? At Elizabethport, N. J. 9 What was New Jersey's increase in population from 1880-1890? About 28 per cent. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 211 1 What was the aggregate capital of the 9.221 manu- facturing establishments doing business in X. J. in 1890? $249.89U,4-28. 2 How much direct coast line has X. J. About 125 miles. 3 Which is the "garden" portion — the fruit Eden — of X'. J.? On a line between Camden and Amboy. 4 How much did the manufactures of X. J. in 1890 exceed those of 1850? $347.(m)(»,. when thev were s23.0(>0.000. but in 1890 silk alone jumped to 825'- OOO.Ooo. The next states in rank in silk product are X^ew York and Ohio. 6 Which governor of X"^. J. won special honor for liis efforts to "save the Palisades"? Gov. Wens, in Jan. 1895. I How many places, besides Jersey "City", in the U. S.. have the word "city" attached? About 86^1 S What did the X'. J. State Board of Arbitration cost in a single year? s12.(»ih). with little seeming return. 9 What is the object of the South Jersey Woodman's Association, of May's Landing? To improve and pro- tect forests in the South Jersey counties. 10 Who was the oldest woman in X". J. in Feb. 1895? Hannah Chard, born at Ferrell. near Glassboro. April "20. 1788. Good memory, great smoker, and five gener- ations of descendants agreed to celebrate her 107th biTtlidav. 212 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How many of the 56 fire insurance companies of N. J. did business, in 1890, out of the State? 14. 2 What figures, as to N. J. fire insurance companies (13 classes), are in the U. S. Census Report of 1890? Risks written, $228,294,214, and premiums, $2,148,371. 3 When was a ''heavy" bread law passed by the N. J. Legislature? In 1895 — each loaf to "weigh" a pound. 4 What weapons of war did a challenged N. J. editor once name? "Pen and Ink", with which he proposed to plunge his opponent into the "Black Sea", or sea of ink. 5 What of the hitherto unknown insect, like a hornet, which appeared at Milford, in Sept. 1897? It was called "the locust killer" — because it destroyed and lugged to its burrow about 100 locusts a day. G What was Edison's force of 400 men and 20 teams doing in Aug. 1897 at West Portal? Erecting a plant to separate iron from the ore by magnetism. 7 What novel exchange was made in an Episcopal church at Netherwood in Aug. 1897. The pastor's sub- stitute, a banker, society actor and leader, delivered the sermons prepared for him. 8 What of the Transcontinental Railwav, capital $200,000,000, organized in Illinois, in 1895? In Sept. 1897 it was planning an electric elevated — to run from Jersey City to Chicago by daylight, at the rate of 100 miles an hour. 9 What were the game laws for 1896-7? Rabbits and quail, Nov. 10 to Jan. 1 ; woodcock, grouse and part- ridge, July and Oct. to Dec. 1; snipe, March, April and Sept.; reed and rail birds and squirrel, Sept. and Nov. 10 to Dec. 10; plover and pigeons, Aug. and Sept. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 213 1 What was a Trenton iron company figuring on, in Aug. 1897? The cable road to the crater of Popocata- petl — for lessee of the sulphur deposits there. 2 What of the gray horse, which broke loose, Sept. 1897, in a freight car, at Trenton? He kicked and killed nine of his horse companions. 3 Which two counties were, in 1897, of the "first class" — having over 100,000 inhabitants? Hudson and Essex; and Passaic, Camden, Mercer, Union, Mon- mouth, Middlesex, Bergen, Morris and Burlington were of the second class, i. e. with population from 50,000 to 100,000 each. Which two cities were, in 1897, of the first class, i. e. with population over 100,000? Newark and Jersey City — while Paterson, Camden, Trenton, Hoboken, Elizabeth, Orange, New Brunswick, Bayonne, Passaic, Plainfield, Bridgeton and Perth Amboy were of the second class, with population 50,000 to 100,000 each. How are "burroughs" classified? First class with population over 3,000. Second class — population 1,500 to 3,000. Third class — population less than 1,500. 4 Why did Columbus, O., papers say Sept. 1897: "The town of Lincoln, N. J., is ruled by women"? Be- cause the President of its Council and two of the mem- bers were women, and were coming to attend the meet- ing of Mayors and Councilmen to be held there. Lin- coln, named after Old Abe, is in Middlesex Co., and was started in April 1897. 5 How did Blair, of Blairstown, worth say $70,000,- 000, earn his first dollar? Selling muskrat skins (a la Astor) as a lad of ten, when working on a Delaware River farm, near Belvidere, where he was born. 6 What arrangement between May and December caused jeers and sneers Aug. 31, '97? The marriage of a 72 year old man and girl of teens, at Elizabeth. 214 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When did the Mother House of Dominican Sisters, at Hoboken, whose chief duty is perpetual adoration — plant a branch at Milwaukee, Wis.? Sept. 1897. 2 What was the estimate, in Aug. 1897, that N. •]. had spent in the previous six years for good roads? About $1,400,000 for 300 miles — mostly macadam — and she had the solid, permanent works to show for it. 3 What item — with an N. J. flavor — was quoted, Aug. 15. 1897, in a New York paper? One in the Weekly Post-Boy — of Ang. 15, 1747 — 150 years previous — stating that "a Jersey wench" had been arrested for stealing 200 pounds and shipped as a sentence to Canada. 4 How was the mammoth hatter, McLoughlin — of S. Orange — who weighed over 300 pounds — got out of the house for burial, Aug. 25, 1897? In cottin low- ered by ropes from second story window. 5 To what, in 1897, was an Elizabeth restaurauter's failure attributed? To adding the French e to "a la cart" — his mark when peddling cakes with a cart. 6 Who is said to have given $6,000,000 to a seminary bearing his name? Blair, of Blairstown, 95 years old, Aug. 22, 1897. Once president of 20 railroads and cor- porations — he built the initial strip which became the D. L. and W. road. 7 Why did a 600 day convict at Trenton fight the officers wanting him, in 1896, to take ofT his stripes and leave? Because he preferred to stay in jail for life. 8 What of the new New Jersey Miss or midget, whose picture was so prominent in New York papers about Dec. 18, 1890? She hailed from Camden — was 13 inches tall — and with foot one and one-half inch long, could stand in a tumbler or on a silver half dollar. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 215 1 What novel method was introduced into Bridge- ton, Dec. 1896, by a burly tramp for paying his board? Going from hotel to hotel, "beating" the proprietor till he was ready to call the account square. t 2 When did a granddaughter of Admiral Porter chris- ten the gunboat Annapolis, launched at Elizabethport? Dec. 23, 1896 ~ about the time Roswell G. Horr — a celebrated tariff writer, died at Plainfield, and was buried at Wilmington, Ohio. 3 How did an ex lady teacher, of Friendship, earn a living in 1896 out of a 20 acre swamp? By the culti- vation of frogs, whose legs are sold in the city markets. 4 When were seven lives lost in Sunday fires at Ho- bcken? Jan. 31, '97. 5 What brought "peace after 35 years spent in a legal war"? The re-incorporation, March 3, 1797, of the N. J. Zinc Co., capital $10,000,000, including the N. J. Zinc and Iron, of Newark, the Passaic Zinc Co., the Le- high (South Bethlehem, Pa.) Zinc Co., and the Mineral Point, (Wis.) Zinc Co. 6 Why were the New York "World" and "Journal", in Feb. 1897, ousted from the Newark Free Library rooms? Because their "new journalism" was deemed vicious and degrading. 7 When did "a Cuban Expedition" get away from Barnegat? Early in March 1897. 8 Which State keeps as a relic the law diploma of Aaron Burr? Ohio, at Columbus. 9 What Paterson boy of 12 received an appointment at the hands of President McKinley the first day of his term? Hobart, son of the Vice-President, to take charge of the electric bells of the White House — elec- tricity being the boy's specialty. 216 HISTORICAIv HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 When did a Camden man advertise to sell his body to some medical college? In April 1897, when a New York girl sold her middle finger to another woman, needing it, for $1,000, that she might acquire a musical education. 2 When had fire been raging for three days in the N. J. pine belt, near Mt. Holly? April 28, 1897. 3 Who were the only three survivors, April 1897, of Grant's cabinet? Geo. M. Robeson, J. D. Cox, of Ohio, and Boutwell, of Massachusetts. 4 Who, that died at Haddonfield, April 22, '97, aged 81, once relieved Henry Clay of debt by a popular sub- scription? Col. Peyton, the "Father of Centennials", among them that of 1876 at Philadelphia. His last pet project was to be a Christian Reunion, in 1900, at Jere- salem. 5 When was Gen. McClellan appointed to succeed Gen. Winfield Scott? Nov. 1, 1861 — but he was re- lieved, except as to the Potomac Army, in Jan. 1862. 6 What were some of the gifts and bequests of 1895? Aldrich, Sarah M., of Newark, $5,000; Balenstine, Mr. and Mrs.. J. H., Newark, $50,000; Brittin P., of New- ton, $10,000; Huepfel, A. East Orange, $5,000; Stevens Estate, Hoboken, $26,000; Voorhees, P. L., Camden, $28,500. 7 By whom were the two stone monuments and tab- lets, marking where Gen. Washington crossed the Dela- ware Christmas night, 1776, before Trenton's battle, erected Oct. 15, '95, at Taylorville, Pa., and Washington Crossing. N. J.? One by the Buck's Co. (Pa.) Histor- ical Society, and the other by the N. J. Society of the Cincinnati. 8 W^hen had N. J. a flour-barrel orator named "Red Citizen", or "Red man of Deep Cut"? In May !896. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 217 Had the Saving's Bank deposits of 1895 ($39,99-},- 752) been equaU; ivided among the 1,672,942 inhabit- ants of N. J., what would have been the portion to each? $22.00. When and where did "the father of professioiial base ball" (Henry Wright) die? At Atlantic City, Oct. 3, 1895. Why was a Jersey City man, who suicided in June 1896, called the meanest man in the world? because of his wanton destruction, by burning, of $o,000 in money, which his wife had saved up by pinching economy. How much of the total vote, 311,609, at the guber- natorial election of 1895 did J. W Griggs get? 162 900, the Populist vote being 1.901, Labor 4,147, and Prohibi- tion 6,661. 5 What difference- between the population in 1895 (1672 942) and that of 1890 (1,444,933)? 228,009. 6 How was the $100,000 appropriated in 1895 for good roads, assessed? One-third on the State, one-tenth on property owners, and the balance on the counties. 7 What handbill, significant of State enterprise, was circulated in Ohio's capital, June 25 '96? That the owners of New Jersey's coast fisheries had side-tracked and on sale a car load of fish from the salt sea coast. 8 When were the first rails of the trolly line between New York and Philadelphia laid at Raritan? In teb. 1895, but steam was used till the dynamo came. 9 What was the nature of "the big battle" on Manas- quan River, June 22. 1896? It started in jests and pota- toes from a Pennsylvania steam launch towards two boys on a raft, who in revenge shot four of their assailants. 218 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What meant "from boatbuilder to millionaire" to a Phillipsburg man who died in 1896, aged 62? It had been his ambition to be so rich (poor) at that date. 2 When was a prominent Jerseyan "farmer" — G. A. Hobart — nominated for the Vice-Presidency, at St. Louis? June 18, 1896 — the anniversary of the Battle of Waterloo. What other New Jerseyans have figured as Repub- lican candidates? Theo. Frelinghuysen, in 1844, on the Protection platform with Henry Clay, and Wm. L. Dayton, in 1856, on the Freedom platform with J. C. Fremont. 3 What did a reckless Ohio paper say, in June 1896, of the running mate of a Presidential candidate? He is a thoroughbred Jersey of blooded stock. 4 Who was the "Eastern Highwayman" of 60 or 70 years ago? Joseph Hare, who terrorized Pennsylvania, Delaware and N. J., and had headquarters in the woods of Darby, in 1831. 5 What noted Western Statesman, who died in Chi- cago (June 25, 1896) once taught school in Salem, Chat- ham and other N. J. towns? Lyman Trumbull, U. S. Senator for 18 years, who voted against the impeach- ment of Andrew Johnson. 6 What design was suggested, in June 1896, for a Hobart button? Twin mosquitos on a sandburr, with the war legend: "New Jersey goes in for blood." When was Lincoln's birthday (Feb. 12) made a legal holiday by the governor's signature? April 18, 1895. 8 Which three N. J. newspapers are over 100 years old? The N. J. Journal, of Elizabeth, 1779; the N. J. State Gazette, Trenton, 1792, and The Guardian, New Brunswick, of 1793. I THINGS NEW AND OLD. 219 1 When was the electric line between Burlington and Mt. Holly completed? July 18%. 2 When was there a "Coon Orchard", or farm of 20 acres, near Burrville, whose fur product netted $500? In 1896. 3 What monument on the College Campus at Prince- ton, reveals the dark side of Aaron Burr's character? That of "Catherine AToncrief, died June 10th, 1793", betrayed by the traitor, under promise of marriage. She wished, by raising the monument, to raise the standard of morals among men, especially Princeton students. 4 What novel lightning method of stealing chickens was adopted in N. J. in 1896? Angling for them with fish hooks baited with corn. 5 How severe were the game law fines near Somer- ville in Nov. 1896? For killing a rabbit, $25; for kill- ing two robins, $42, and imprisonment for non-pay- ment. 6 What comment made the press in Nov. 1896, on the hazing of Freshmen by seven Princeton Sopho- mores? The jumping on their bound, prostrate com- rades was "an intellectual exercise worthy of an imbe- cile asylum." 7 How old was Princeton College when the Revolu- tion broke out? Thirty years. When did Princeton College become Princeton University? At its 150th anniversary, in Oct. 1896, when gifts aggregating $1,400,000 were presented to it, and President Cleveland conferred the degrees in pres- ence of guests from 150 colleges and universities. Under whose presidency did Princeton assume a Whig tinge? Witherspoon — and 50 years later the trustees had to taboo politics. From 1812 to 1868 The- ology rather than politics ruled the institution. 220 HISTORICAL. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What astonished the ecclesiastical world about 40 years ago? The ordaining of Mrs. Brown, at Orange, N. J., to preach the gospel. One Sunday, in Nov. 189ti, 80 St. Louis pulpits had woman preachers in them. 2 When was a 48 year old lawsuit in progress at Tren- ton? In Nov. 1896 — over a Sussex Co. Zinc mine. 3 What instance of religious infatuation occurred in a farm house near Vineland? Some Italians calling on their own son, as the coming Messiah. 4 What serio-comic clause appears in the charter of Spottswood church, whose 123rd anniversary occurred Nov. 23, 1896? That one peppercorn be annually de- manded and paid to King George through his Receiver General at Perth Amboy. Original charter — bleached by time — in St. Peter's church, at that date. 5 Where does the $3,500 40 feet high gray granite monument of N. J. stand on the battle field of Chicka- mauga? On Orchard Knob, near Grant's headcjuarters — and State Senator E. C. Stokes responded for the State, Nov. 23, 1896. 6 What was said by the press, in Nov. 1896, when the occupants of the White House bought the Slidell resi- dence at Princeton? Entered office worth $3,000 — leaves it, worth $5,000,000. 7 What happened in 1896 to a Flemington man whose arm was amputated as a result of a railroad collision? The frequent pains he attributed to the buried portion, which had to be exhumed three times and put in a com- fortable position, before he could be at ease. 8 How long was J. R. McPherson in the U. S. Senate? Same time as Clay and Crittenden, of Ken- tucky, Wade and Ruggles, of Ohio, Rufus King, of New York, and Trumbull, of Illinois — 18 years. THINGS NEW AND OI.D. 221 1 Where and when did "the oldest daughter of the Revolution", Mrs. Wilson, a cousin of Chancellor Liv- ingston, die? At Mount Clair, Dec, 3, '96, aged 65. 2 When, for the first time in the world, was a tele- phone and telegraph message sent through a wire sus- pended by kites 500 feet in midair? Dec. 5, 1896, at Bayonne, at 9:30 at night — the location of wires and kites being noted by lanterns. 3 Why was the ''Washington Headquarters Associa- tion" organized Dec. 11, 1896, at Trenton? To hold and preserve the property occupied by Washington dur- ing the Revolution. 4 What left Newark in darkness Dec. 29, 1896? A fire, which consumed 37 dynamos, worth $2,500 to $7,000 each, at a loss of $175,000. At same time "the West" from Pittsburg to Kansas City was enveloped in such a dense fog as to hinder the telegraph service more than a storm of electricity. 5 What was said, in Jan. 1897, of the jolly N. J. baker, by the U. S. Agricultural Department? His profits for labor and distribution are 116 per cent. — a barrel of flour costing $4.96 and selling in loaves for $10.74. 6 What was discovered in a healthy cow, killed im Jan. 1897, near Flemington? A small hardware store of nails, tacks, etc. 7 What revelation was made by a cave-in caused by rain, at Plainfield, in Aug. 1897? An old, abandoned copper mine, worked by English capital in 1770. 8 What did carping Western papers, speaking of Jersey lightning, attribute in July 1897, to a Jersey mosquito? He cut the neck of an old soldier, causing the loss of nearly a pint of blood — and broke up a camp meeting. "Baby stung to death in hammock",, another item. 222 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 Of what value was the quondam 700 acre swamp near Madison, in Jan. 1897.? About $1,500,000 — with electric lighted stable, holding 200 horses, on it — yet its owner, McTwombly, was not made happy by it. 2 What was said of the Bible at the Jewish Chautau- qua, Atlantic City, July 1897? Hebrew, its genius and best interpreter — its preservation due to the survival of the fittest — the Jews. 3 Where was a man fined $2 for two acts of profanity in Aug. 1897? At Bridgeton — "according to law." 4 When did the oldest of the six survivors of the war of 1812 reach, at Newark, his 101st birthday? Aug. 7, 1897. 5 When did the Legislature comply with the request made Feb. 28, 178(», by the Continental Congress, that N. J. and other states have State flags? In 1897, when one of buff color, with the State Coat of Arms, was adopted and made the governor's headquarters flag on State occasions. 6 Who became the 24th Vice-President of the U. S.? Garrett Augustus Hobart, of Paterson, who was born at Long Branch, where his father taught school, June 3, 1844. 7 When was Hobart ready for college? At 14, and took prize for mathematics at Rutger's, which ex- plains his shrewd figuring for the Presidency. ^ 8 What shows Hobart's great self-denial? His re- fusal to run for Congress in 1880, '88, '90 and '92, and the governorship in 1892 and 1895 — preferring to elect Griggs. 9 When did Gen. Winfield Scott attend commence- ment at Princeton? In 1814 — on his return from the battle of Lundy's Lane, where he was wounded. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 223 1 On what occasion was a woman — Mrs. Potter — admitted to the sacred precincts of Whig Hall? When, pursued by a mad bull to the door, she was forced to take refuge within — among the society members. 2 When and why did a patron of New York (Stephanus Van Rensalaer, then aged 15) leave^ Prince- ton for Cambridge, where he graduated in 1782? In 1779, because of the too close proximity of British troops, necessitating a military guard for the Prince- ton boys. 3 What of the woman who died in Jersey City. July 1897, — 101 years after her birth in Prussia? She saw Napoleon march through Prussia, and waved a red handkerchief to the Emperor. 4 What adorned the casket at the funeral, Feb. 21, 1896, of Runyon, late Embassador to Germany, held at Newark? A laurel wreath, given by the city of Ho- boken — while crescents of American and German flags hung here and there. 5 When was the Secretary of the U. S. Treasury (Carlisle) a witness at Trenton in a counterfeiting case? In Feb. 1896, when Brockway, et. al., were convicted As Secretary he testified that he was sole custodian of the peculiar paper, used in making U. S. Treasury notes. 6 When did Newark lose "Sid", its famous auctioneer and wit — who as member of the 33rd regiment had fought in 27 battles? In Feb. 1896. 7 When did Mrs. Parnell have her 80th year picture taken? In Feb. 1896 — when she declared, 'T am hard to kill." Born in Philadelphia in 1816 — married in 1835, and mother of ten children. 8 What was the signature of Samuel Nevil. who edited the "New American Magazine", published at Woodbridge, Jan. 1758? Sylvanus Americanus. 224 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What instance of "patriotic" tit for tat occurred at Princeton, March 5, 1896? The burning in effigy of the infant king of Spain, and the tearing up of a street- bedraggled Spanish flag — by the undergraduates, in retaHation for the insuh to the U. S. flag by the students of Barcelona, Spain. 2 What sentence did "the King of Coniakers", Brock- way, get at Trenton, March 7, 1896? Ten years in "the Pen.", and a fine of $1,000. His landlady, like Mrs. Surratt, was also punished. 3 Who captured the channel Islands — chief of which is Jersey — off the French Coast? Rollo, who made them part of the Duchy of Normandy — and thus, through William, of Normandy, the conqueror, they became attached to England. 4 What was the result of every war between France and England? An attack on Jersey by French troops, whose most signal defeat was by the English garrison and Jersey militia, Jan. 6, 1781. 5 How many inhabitants in 1891 — when the popula- tion of Jersey was 54,518 — to the 28,717 acres consti- tuting the island area? About two, the land being held in parcels of 5 to 20 English acres. 6 Where are the Historical Societies of N. J. lo- cated? N. J. Historical Society, Newark; New Bruns- wick Club, New England Society, Orange, Passaic Co., Paterson, Salem, Co., Salem, Hunterdon Co., Flem- ington; Vineland, of Vineland, Somerset Co.; Sonier- viile and Lyceum of History, Burlington. 7 Which session of the Continental Congress — last- ing 54 days — was held at Trenton? The tenth, from Nov. 1, 1784 to Dec. 24, 1784, and the eighth — lasting 127 days — from June 30 to Nov. 4, 1783, was held at Princeton. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 22-5 1 Which is called "the first public school fund in America"? The Revenue of Mateniyunk island, in the Delaware, opposite Burlington, set apart for education. 2 How were the evils of gambling portrayed, Sept. 19, 1897, in a Bridgeton church? By stereopticon — and the fight called "New Jersey's Great Battle." 3 What service did John Stevens, the engineer and inventor, render? Secured the U. S. patent laws of 1790, navigated the Hudson in 1804, with his screw- propellor, built a steam ferry in 1811, between Hoboken and New York, and in 1826. at the age of 78, built a locomotive, carrying passengers 12 miles an hour, at Hoboken. 4 When had Columbus, O., papers pictures of IMiss Egel, President, and Mrs. Hazard, member of the Lin- coln, N. J., Council? Sept. 10, 1897. 5 When was a Rahway prof^'ssor jubilant over h.is discovery that a chemical spread over the marshes of N. J. would destroy the mosquito germ? Sept. 1897. 6 Which of the eight Congressional Districts has the least population? The eighth, with 125,793, and the seventh, with 222,053, the most. 7 What prevented an escaped prisoner from going beyond the roof of the State prison, Sept. 21, '97? The rays of the new electric Search Light in use there. 8 What Chancellors has N. J. had within 50 years? O. S. Halsted, 1845; Benjamin Williamson, 1852; Henry W. Green, 1860; A. O. Zabriskie, 1866; Theo. Runyon, 1873; Alex. T. McGill, 1887-1901. 9 Who presided over the 121st Legislature? Senate: Robert Williams, of Passaic. Assembly: G. W. iNIc- Pherson, of ]\Iercer. 226 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY, 1 How long a nap did an intoxicated man take in a Camden jail before he died, Sept. 8, '97? About 108 consecutive hours. 2 When did the State printer of N. J. print 5,000 copies of a family Bible? In 1778, at Trenton. 3 What returns did Grover Cleveland make to the Princeton assessors Sept. 8, '97? $150,000 as his wealth. 4 What happened to the man — G. A. R. Com- mander Sands — who had passed safely through both Bull Run Battles? He was killed, in times of peace, 35 years after, by jumping, Sept. 17, '97, from a moving electric in Jersey City. 5 Which of the U. S. Senators from N. J. resigned? William Paterson, 1790, to be elected governor of N. J.; John Rutherford (1798); Frederick Frelinghuysen (1796) (1809) (1829) (1853) James Schuereman (1801); Aaron Kitchell James J. Wilson (1821); Ephraim Bateman S. L. Southard (1842); and Robert F. Stockton Which of the U. S. Senators from N. J. died in office? Joseph Mcllvaine, in 1826; John R. Thomson,. 1862, and William Wright, m 1866. 7 Which one of the U. S. Senators from N. J. was unseated? John P. Stockton, March 26, 1866 — see Blaine's "Twenty Years." 8 When will the franchise of a Long Branch Electric — granted Sept. 20, '97, expire? Within four years of the year 2000. 9 What of John Fitch, who sleeps, Sept. 1897, in an unmarked grave, at Bardstown, Ky.? In 1784 he filed a drawing of his steamboat, which in 1785 was launched on the Delaware, and carried several passengers be- tween Bordentown and Philadelphia. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 227 1 When were "the roads and fields for a mile around Lincoln dedicated to the memory of Abe Lincoln"? Memorial Day, 1897, by "the silver tongued orator of Middlesex and Union counties." 2 What remark did one standing by make when Fitch predicted that steamboats would yet ascend the Mississippi, and yet be preferred for crossing the At- lantic? "Poor fellow! What a pity he is crazy!" 3 When did Richard Stockton win a case for John Fitch against Robert Fulton? In 1813-14, by producing Fitch's original drawing. 4 What bargain did Fitch, the inventor of the steam- boat which ran in 1785 fiom Philadelphia to Borden- town, make during his last days? Convey 700 acres of land to a Bardstown, Ky., tavern keeper, on condi- tion that he keep him in food and raiment the rest of his life, and give him one pint of whiskey a day. An- other pint was added by a deed of 300 acres more. 5 What of the U. S. Army wagon, drawn by four horses, which arrived at Orange Sept. 30, '97? It left Fort Niobrara, Dak., June 30 — passing through Iowa, Illinois, Indiana, Ohio, Pennsylvania and N. J., a distance of 2,000 miles, in 90 days — getting lost in an Indian Reservation, and going 400 miles out of the way, caused the loss of wager to make it in 72 days. 6 What was called a "Romantic Reunion"? The dining together, at Columbus, O., Sept. 30, '97, of Land- lord Bassett and Mayor Drake, of Lincoln, N. J. — • confederate and rebel — who 30 years before had wounded each other in battle. 7 Why were the faces of Princeton Freshmen wreathed in smiles Oct. 6, 1897? Because of the Presi- dential proclamation that no longer might Seniors com- pel them — like baby carriages — to take the street or bathe unwillingly in the chilly Raritan. 228 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 How far did the ire of a Freehold ordinance maker extend Oct. 1897? CompeHing baby carriages to take to the street, instead of sidewaUv. 2 When did a Kansas doctor and wife, formerly of Bridgeton, start for Leeds, England, to convert it to Christian Science? October 1897. 3 When did the son of a rich Hamburg manufacturer beg for food and shelter at Hoboken police station? Oct. 6, 1897. 4 Where was Ex Gov. W. A. Newell, in Aug. 1896? At Olympia, Wash., a self-announced candidate for governor of Washington — to which, in 1880, Hayes appointed him governor. McClellan beat Newell for governor of N. J. in 1877. He was in Congress, Feb. 23, 1848. when J. Q. Adams was stricken down with fatal illness. 5 When did New York and Ohio papers say that Grover Cleveland had his eye on the U. S. Senator- ship from N. J.? Oct. 1897. C) What assurance did water users in Camden receive, Oct. 1897? That thereafter water and eels would be served to the public separately. 7 How was the popular vote Sept. 28, 1897, on the three Constitutional Amendments? Anti-gambling, majority 602; Ad interim 7,804, and defeat of woman suffrage amendment. Vote one-third that of the last Presidential election. 8 What occurred near Mannington, Salem Co., about 6000 B. C? The mysterious disappearance, in the soft mud of that locality, of a heavy-weight masto- don, about twice the size of Jumbo. His remains were unearthed in Aug. 1879, and skeleton mounted at Rochester, N. Y. in 1896, as the property of Rutger's College. THINGS NEW AND OI,D. 229 1 When was a liquor license refused for "Wheelman's Rest", at Pumpstown, near Metuchen? Sept. 28, '97. 2 To what straits was a New Brunswick church put, June 25, 1896, to raise money? The feet of 20 girls be- longing to the "Upper ten" were exhibited through a raised curtain on the stage, and bid off by the other sex. 3 When was the largest sailing vessel alioat — the American Oil ship, May Flint — sighted 40 miles otf the Highlands — dismasted, etc., Sept. 8, b}^ a West India hurricane? Oct. 7, 1897. 4 What important order came to Bridgeton in Aug. 1896? For mint, or coin-making machuiery, to the value of $13,000, for the Chinese government. The same month "Earl Li", the richest and most powerful citizen of China, was visiting the Western World, in- cluding the U. S. 5 Who was said, Oct. 1897, to be "praising up" the State of his birth? G. Cleveland, occupant of a stone house at Princeton — and the much-talked-of Senator or Judge of the future. 6 Where and when did a grandnephew of Commo- dore Perry die? At Ocean Grove, Oct. 12, '97 — a sea-faring man, aged 85. 7 What was said, Oct. 1897, of an ex-saloonist, of Newark, who had turned archaeologist? "Hunts hu- man bones" — his happiest hours being spent in digging for and selling the bones and relics of extinct races — such as the Lenni Lenapes — whose ancient habitat was chiefiy along the Delaware River. 8 When in 1897 were deer plentiful near May's Land- ing? Oct. 12, '97. 9 When did a native of Ceylon, India — a minister, aged 79 — die at his home in Newark? Oct. 3, '97. 230 HISTORICAIy HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. 1 What calamity made Bridgeton mourn in Aug. 1896? The death of many of its citizens from colHsion of Atlantic City Express with a freight, at a crossing. 2 When was the hall donated by the pioneer of Vine- land, to the Vineland Historical and Antiquarian So- ciety, dedicated? Oct. 12, '97. 3 How was the affidavit of a man in Philadelphia — immediately taken before the judge in a case at Vineland Oct. 13, '97? By telephone, as had been done a few weeks before in a New York Court — the witness in Cincinnati, O., being sworn to an affidavit by telephone. 4 What unusual crime was agitating Camden, Oct. 16, '97? The murder by one Shaw of his mother and grandmother. 5 In whose hands were placed the interests of a New Brunswick High School girl — who, with her sister, of Jersey City — became known heirs, Oct. 17, 1897, to the $25,000,000 estate of an Australian gold miner? Gov. Griggs and Vice-President Hobart. 6 When did a mesmerized Jerseyman give away his farm at a Simpson meeting in New York, for "foreign" missions? Oct. 17, '97. 7 When was Chancellor McGill asked, at Jersey City, to appoint a receiver for the American Grocery Co., doing business all over the country? Oct. 19, 1897. 8 Where was Geo. M. Pullman (inventor and builder, in 1865, of the first Pullman car, "the Pioneer", cost $18,000) living ten days before his death in bed at Chi- cago, Oct. 19, 1897? At Elberon, his summer residence. 9 Who signed the first charter of the College of N. J., now Prineton University? John Hamilton, Colonial Governor of N. J. on Oct. 22, 1746. THINGS NEW AND OLD. 231 1 What is the compiler's highest purpose in the pub- lication of this book? The diffusion of useful knowl- edge in compendious form among the people of New Jersey, coupled with the thought that the laborer (the compiler) is worthy of his hire, i. e. a reasonable reward. 2 Who made addresses on "Commemoration Day", Oct. 22, 1897 — the 151st anniversary of the day when Princeton's first charter was signed? Ex President Cleveland and the Earl of Aberdeen, Governor General of Canada, on whom Princeton confers the degree of LL. D. 3 What drove a Princeton professor to the verge Oct. 27, '97 — of leaving his denomination? The press and clerical criticisms on his signing with G. Cleveland, the petition to license the Princeton Inn. 4 When was the tide at Cape May the highest since 1844? Oct. 25, '97 — when that coast was swept by a storm marking 45 miles an hour. When did Queen Victoria congratulate Ex-President Cleveland on the birth of a boy and the Alumni of Princeton assign Grover Jr. to the ball game of 1916 ? Oct. 30, 1897. 6 Swedesboro has a voter 92 years old, who Nov. 3, '97 liad voted 70 consecutive years. 7 Trenton, Nov. 1, '97 — The State Board of Assessors value the Railroad propertv of the State at $220,869,373 and on that basis tax the Railroads for 1898 $1,506,924,90 for State and local purposes covering the following companies: Pennsylvania Railroad $413,346, New Jersey Central $308,310, Delaware Lackawanna & Western $276,- 537, Erie R. R. $151,969, Lehigh Vallev $133,459, Philada. & Reading $49,604, N. Y. S. & W. $46,037. All others $125,660. INDEX OF PERSONS ExPLAXATiON— When paragraphs are indexed the page- and paragraph are combined thus: Adams John, 192.7 — meaning page 192, paragraph 7. Abbett Leon, 7-8-21-22-61-63- CA. Aberdeen Earl of, 231.2. Adams John, 102.7. Adams J. Q., l.-)-147.2-228.4. Adolphus Gustavus, 25. Allen Horatio, G3. Anderson John, 6-37. Andre Major, 11-196.2. Andros Edmund, 6-118.7. Anne Queen, 32-33-34-186.3. Apgar E. A., 56. Arnold Benedict, 196.2. Badeau Adam, 67-144. Barber A. S., 67. Barclay Robert 6-138.4. Basse Jeremiah, 6. Bateman E.. 24-48-226.5. Beasley Mercer, 64-68-69- 121.4-205-8. Bedle Joseph. 7-8-19-58-59. Bedle Thomas J., 20. Belcher Jonathan, 6-37-38- 98.7-101.6-120-^.8.6. Berkeley Lord, 27-161.3-167-6. Bernard Francis, 6-38-201.4. Birney J. G., li6A. Blair John I., 213.5. Blodgett Rufus, 24-62. Bloomfield Joseph, 7-8-10-45- 154. Bonaparte Joseph, 49-135-149- 167.5. Boone Andrew, 6. Boone Thomas. 6-38. Boudinot Elias, 42-158.6- 161.4-16'9-183.3-183.5-193.6. Bradford Samuel, 164.7. Bradford William, 210.8. Bradley Joseph, 115.4. Brearley David. 118.2. Bryden Seth, 48. Burnett William, 6-38. Burr Aaron, 119.4-126.2-175.8- 193.2-219.3. Burr Rev. Aaron, 3 < -38-190.4- 195.4. Byllinge (Byllings) 6-28-31. Cadwallader L., 183.3. Campbell Lord iNeil, 6. Carlisle John G., 223.5. Carre Robert, 27. Carteret Philip. 6-27-140. Carteret Sir George, 74.1- 134.3-159.3-161.3. Cattell A. G., 24-56. Cesnola Gen. L. _ ., 188. Chambers John, 91.7. Chard Hannah, 205.2-211.10. Charles I, 26. Charles II, 27-30. Chateaubrand F. A., 192,2. Christina Queen, 26. Clarke Abraham, 43-139-2. Clay Henry. 218.2-220.8. Cleveland, .5-.SS.2-219.7-226.3- 228.5-229.5-231.2. Clinton DeWitt. 141.3-193.2. Clinton George, 46. Clinton Sir H.. 40-196.2. Coe. Geo. S., 203.8. Collins Isaac. 39-152-165.5. Cook Geo. H., 174.7. Cooper J. Fennimore, 118.6. Cooper John, 39. Cooper and Hev/itt (N. Y.), 52. Cornbury Lord C, 32-3.3-74.8. Cornwallis Lord, 40-101.7- 171.3. Cosby William, 6-36. Coxe Daniel. 6-31-35-39. Davenport FranKiin, 24. Davis Mrs. Jeff.. 10. Davton Jonathan, 24-43-44- 45-46-119.4-i«>9. Dayton Wm. L., 24-52-183.5- 218.2. Decker Peter, 95. DeVries Peter, 26. INDEX OF PERSONS. 233 DeVroom Peter D., 49. Dickerson Maiiion. 7-8-12-24- 47-48-49-92..3-ls.^.8. Dickerson Philemon, 7-8-12- 14-24-49-183.3. Dickinson Anna E.. 193.8. Dickinson Jonathan, 195.2. Dix Miss. 51. Dudley Col. Joseph, 6. Edison Thomas a., 30-174.4- 201-212.0. Edwards Jonathan. 91.8-175- 8-190.5-194. Ewards Wm., 170.2. Elizabeth Queen. 25. Elmer Daniel, ^-i-24-43. Elmer Jeremiau. 183.3. Fenwick John, 28. Field Richard S., 24. Field Stephen D., 174.4. Fitch John, 4^-43-163-228.9- 227.2-221.4. Fort Geo. F., 7-8-16-52. Fox Georg-e, 107.4. Franklin Benj., .39-106.7-120.3- 164.2. Franklin William, 6-9-38- 118..3-l;-il.2. Frelinghuysen F.. 24-226.5. Frelinghuysen F. T.. 24-50-61- 62-209.4. Frelinghuysen Theodore. 24- 48-218.2. Fremont John C, 168-218.2. Freneau Philip. 108..5. Fuller A. P.. 204. Gardiner Thos.. .32-35. Gardner C. K., 115.3. Garfield Pres., i77.8. Gates Sir Thos.. 25. George I. 35. George Hi, 96.7. Goadsby and Cox, 120.3. Goodrich S. G. (Peter Parley) 187.3. Gordon Thos., .33-.36. Granger Gideon, 200.4. Grant and Wilson, 58. Gray Christopher. 146-5. Gray Geo. R.. 64. Green Gen. Geo. S., 179.3. Green Robert S., 7-8-27-62. Griggs John Wm., 7-8-23-68- 126.7-201. 6--o.».3-216.5-2.30.5. Haines Daniel, 7-8-1.5-16-51. • Hamilton Andrew, 6-.31-74.8. Hamilton John, 6-37-89.2-135. 7-1.58-23(».9. Hamilton Alexander. 166.2- 172.2-182.5-196.4. Hancock Gen. W. S.. 61. Hancock John, 141.2. Hardy Josian. -38. Hare Joseph, 218.4. Hare John. 3i»-139.2. Harrison C. M.. 55. Harrison Wm. Henry, 51-169, Hennepin. 88.3. Henry VIII, 25. Hobart G. A., 68-69-215.9- 218,2-222.7-230.5. Hornblower Joseph, 137.3. Howell Richard. 7-8-10-44. Hopkinson Francis, 124.5- 1:9.2. Hudson Sir Henry, 25-98.2. Hunicke Ed., 6. Hunter R. M. T.. 15. Hunter Robert. 6-.34-35-30. Hurley Baron. 34. Hyde E. (see Cornbury). Ingersoll R.. 4. Ingoldsby Richard, 6-33-.34. Jackson Pres., 12-50-143.5. Jackson Stonewall, 20. Jay John. 9. Jennings Samuel, 6-29-33. Jefferson Pres., 192.7. Johnson Dr. John, 36. Kay John. 34. Kearney Phil, lu9.6-167-196.6, Keift Wnliam, 6-26-31. Keith Georg-e. 131.3. Kelsey H. C, 63-64. King T. F., 51. Kitchen Aaron. 24-45-226.5. Kitchen Wm., 54. Knox Gen.. 11. Kollock Shepherd. 41. Lafayette Gen., 11-48-179.5. Lafayette G. W.. 1.35. Lambert John, 7-24-45-46. Lawrie Gawan, 6. Lincoln Abe. 17-116.4-213.4- 218.7-227. Linn Wm.. 115.6. Livingston Brockholst, 196. Livingston J. H., 115. Livingston i —up, 9. Livingston Wm., 7-8-9-39-40- 42-43-44 - 97.10-195.6 - 196.2- 199.6. 234 HISTORICAI, HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Liovelace Lord, 6-28-34. Ludlow Geo. C, 7-8-21-61- 11.-). 5. Madison Pres., 11-^6-100.2. Marshall Justice, 19. Marshall James AV., 115.8- 125.6. McClellan Geo. B.. 7-8-13-20- 55-60-62 - l4('.8-203.5 - 216.5- 228.4. McCosh Pres.. 148.4. McGill A. T., 23-64-209.3-225.8- 2.30.7. Mcllvaine Joseph, 24-226.9. McKinley, 5-215.9. McPherson John R., 24-61-63- 71-220.8. Mey Capt. C. J.. 161.2. Miller Isaac W.. 24. Miller J. W., 52-5;J. Minuit Peter, 6. Monroe James Pres.. 47-152.3. Montgomery John 6-36. Morris Lewis, 6-30-38-37-94.9- 103. 6-1.32. 2-l;jo. 6. Morris Robert, 11-103. Morse S. F. B. (1837), 121.2. Nevil Samuel, 223.8. Newell Wm. A., 7-8-17-53- 115.5-170.7-228.4. Nicolls Gov., 27-1.32-162.2. Ogden Aaron, 7-8-11-24-45- 46-143-196.4. Ogden Josiah, 191.3. Ogden Uzal, 19x.2. Olden Chas. Smith, 17-54. Olive Thomas, 6-31. Paine Thomas, 104.4. Papegoia. 26. Parker James, 38-90.5-98.2- 165.2. Parker Joel, 7-8-18-19-54-57- .58-195.7. Parnell Delia, 67. Patch Sam., 146.2. Patterson Wm., 7-8-9-24-43- 44-100.2^115.4-18.3.3. Peale C. W., 125.2. Pemberton Phineas, 29. Pendleton Geo. H., 55. Penn Wm., 28-29-118-170.8. Pennington Wm., 7-8-15-50. Pennington Wm. S., 7-8-11- 46-195.5. Perthnick Pastor, 31. Peyton J. E., 69-216.4. Phelps Wm. W.. 187.4-208.6. Phillips J. H., 53. Pike Zebulon, 1.54.6. Pitcher Molly, 121. Poland A. R.. 64-67. Price R. M., 7-8-16-53-195.7. Printz John, 6-26. Pullman Geo. M., 2.30.8. Putnam Gen I., 40. Raleigh Sir Walter, 25. Randolph Edward, 10. Randolph John. 120.6. Randolph T. F., 7-8-19-24- 19.3.3. Rawle John, 51-166.5. Read Thomas, 130.9. Reading Jonn, 6-37-38. Ricord F. W., u4. Rittenhouse David, 96.7. Robeson Geo. M., 56-69-70- 183.5-216.3. Roebling John. 52. Rudyard Thomas, 6. Runyon Theo.. 124.2-124.4- 159.5-223.4-225.8. Rutgers Henry, ll.j.S. Rutherford John 24-226.5. Sargeant J. D., 39-40. Schureman James, 24-226.5. Schuyler Arent, 35-199.3. Schuyler Col. John, 199.5. Schuyler Peter, 199.3. Scott Gen. Winfield, 168.6- 218.5-222.9. Seeley E. P., 7-8-14-49-115.5. Sewell Wm. J., 24-60-81. Sickels F. B., 184.3. Skeine John, 6. Smith James Jr., 24. Smith Richard, 124.5. Southard S. L., 7-8-13-24-47- 48-49-139.2 - 145-148.^-183.5- 226.5. Stafford Mrs.. 137.2. Stevens E. and S., 94.2. Stevens John, 47-89.4-102.5- 225.3. Stockton John P., 24-64-18.3.5. Stockton Richard. 24-139.2- 167-227.3. Stockton Robert F., 24-53- 168.6-226.5. Stratton Chas. C. 7-8-15-51- 52-195.7. Stuyvesant Peter, 6-26. Sullivan Gen., 40. INDEX OF PERSONS. 235 Swaine Elizabeth, 189-7. Symmes Capt., 144.6-151.3- 169. Tallyrand, 192.2. Tatham John, 6. Teachman Nicholas, 150. Ten Eyck John C. 24-54. Tennant Rev. Wm., 125.4- 135..3. Thompson 226.6. Tilden and Hendricks, Tompkins D. D., 47. Treat Robert, 190.1. Trent. Col., 3t>. Trumbull Lyman. 218.5-219.. Tyler John 51. Useling Wm., 25. ''Uncle Noah', 202.6. Vail Alfred, 121.2. Vance A. A., 119.8. Van Buren ir^res., 12-13. Van Twiller Wouter, 6. Verazzano Jean, 137.2. John R., 24-54- 59. Vroom Peter D., 7-8-13-14. Wadd Sir Amigell, 25. Wall Garrett D., 24-146.3. Wall John W., 24. Ward Joel, 17. Ward Marcus L., 7-8-1 < -12 (. Washington George, 9-10-11- 40-41-158.5-171.3-172.3-178.4- 182.5-191.5-192.4-197.3-216.7. Washington Wm., 152.3. Webster Daniel, 15. Werts Geo. T., 7-8-22-04-66- 68-115.5. Whitefield Geo., 37. Whitman Walt, 64. William III, 177.2. Wilson J. J., 13-24-47. Williamson Isaac H., (-8-12- 47-144.2. Wirt W^m., 144.9. Witherspoon John, 139.2- 186.2-194.4-197.4-219.7. Wright Wm., 24-54-226.6. Young Capt. Theo., 26. INDEX OF PLACES Explanation — When paragraphs are indexed the page and paragraph are combined thus : Caesars Isle, 117.7 — meaning page 117, paragraph 7. Amboy, 30-31-36-40-98.4-94.3- 95.6-98.3-101-108.5-143-151.7- 1.56.3-177.11. Barnegat, 49-81.3. Baskinridare. 13-46. Bayonne,' 5-69-114.2-176-207- 221.2. Bergen, 5-25-26-27 - 28-105.5- 108.5-138.3-162.2. Bordentown, 23-37-49-91.2-97.- 10-104.4-135 - 151-187.2-207- 227.4. Boundbrook, 58-122.2. Bridgeton, 14-81.9-100-142-143- 176-207-229.4. Burlington, 29-30-31-32-33-35- 37-49-50-91.2 - 93.4-98.3-318.- 6-120.2-138.3-152-156.4-207. Caesars Isle, 117.7. Camden, 5-30-51-93.6-108.11- 13S.3- 146-181.6 - 184.3-185.3- 207. Cape May, 35-io^.5-161.2. Chatham, 41-98.6. Chester. ;5u-138.3. Cohansey, 95.3-1.38.3. Darlington, 91.4. Deal Beach, 131.5. Dechertown, 95-138.3. Delaware, 43-76.3-81. Dover. 36-44-177. Elizabeth, 5-9-11-12-15-22-27- 28-37-39-41 - 45-60-95 - 97.2- 98.6-99.2-102.3 - 104-108-114.- 9-116.2 - 138.8 - 146.8 - 150.4- 182.2 - 170.2 - 176-189 - 199.6- 207-218.8. Flemington, 54. Freasburg, 108-155-166.3. Freehold. 20-31-54 - 105-136.6- 157-162.2. Glassboro, 46-108.2-122.6. Gloucester, 25-.34-140-207. Hackettstown. 23. Haddonfleld, 40. Hanover, 12-170.3. Hoboken, 5-22-97.3-102.5-103- 109.11-121..5-138.3 - 145.3-207- 225.3. Hunterdon, 97.2. Jersey City. 5-11-21-66-108.11- 111.3-130.7 - 176-181.6- 193.3- 207-211.7. Kill von Kull. 63-75.8. Kittanning, 83. Lakewood. 129.4. Lamberton, 81.9-154.6-163. Law^renceville. 17-50. Leedsville. 108.7-131.6. Lincoln. 70. Long Branch. 122.7 - 136.4- 151.4-177.7. Mattawan, 19. Middletown, 103.6-138.3-150.4- 162.2. Milltown, 31. Monmouth, 107.3 - 114.8-121- 132.2-171.3-179.5 Morristown, 11-19-23 - 45-59- 182.5-187.3-192.5-207. Morris Plains, 19. Mount Holly, 93.3. Navesink, 33-83.3 - 107.3-137- 151.2-160.8-177.6-180.4. New Castle, 29. Newark. 5-10-11-15-17-27-29- 37-44-45 - 47-48-49-50-54-56- 91.8-93-94 - 95-98-99.6 - 103.2- 105 - 112-120.4 - 135.7-137.5- 138.3-146.6 - 166-169.2 - 176- 177.5-180.5 - 186.3-189 - 190- 191-192-195-200.2-207. New Amsted. 27. New Brunswick, 5-35-36-39- 42-96.7 - 119.5-128.4 - 135.2- 138.3-147.3 - 161.4-169.3-176- 188.6-202.7-207-218.8. New Canary. 74.2-160.9. New Netherlands, 6-75.4, New Sweden, 8-74.4. INDEX OF PIvACES. 23^ Nova Caesarea, 74.2-156.2. Orange, 5-20-207. Oxford, .37. Paterson, 5-14-23-44-48-51-5.3- 55-65-91.6 - 98.5-98.8 - 103.5- 117.3-128.6 - 141.4-14.5.4-166.- 4 - 169.7 - 176. - 181.6 - 184.4- 185.2-189.2-20T. Paulinskill, 44. Pemberton. 16-02. Penn's Neck, 35. Perth Amboy, 30-31-.34-37-47- 51 - 95.7-97.9 - 99-105 - 120.2- , 123 - 138.3 - 144.2 - 190 - 207- 220.4. Philadelphia, 12-20-21-39-40- 47. Phillipsburg, 48 - 84.2 - 92.2 - 176-207. Piscataway, 30-95.10-96.3-105- 138.3. Plainfield, 70-176-207-208.4. Princeton, 9-11-13-15-17-22-37- 40-46-48 - 49-59-60-93.2-142.5- 171.3-175.8-193.5-205-219.7. Rah way. 36-60-122-135.7-138.- 3-147.2-152.4-207. Randolph, 92.3-138.3. Rancocas Creek, 89.6-95.4. Raritan, 47. Red Bank, 49 - 108.7 - 148.5 - 171.3. Salem, 12-26-31 - 32-33 - 82.8- 90.2-94-97-135.2 - 138.3-138.3- 166-178-207. Sandy Hook, 11-46-57-64-95.2- 136.4-177.6-179-180.4. Schooley's Mountain, 85.7 - 154-178.5. Shrewsbury. 28 - 95.10 - 97.4 - 105-131.3-1,36.6-^.0.3-162.2. Somerville, 115.3. Springfield. 130.6-171.3. Stanhope, 84.2. Swedesboro. 15. Tinnicum, 26. Trenton, 10-26-29-36-38-40-42- 44-46-47-49 - 51-52-54-55-82.8- 88.5-93.5-99.4 - 101-108-117.6- 122-124.6 - 125.2-135.7-138.3- 141.7-152.3-172 - 175.7-177.11- 178-181.6 - 186.8-188.6 - 207- 213-218.8-221.3-224.7-228.2. Wahlkill, 84. Washington. ^18.4-119.2-125.2. Waterford, 48. Weehawken, 83.7. Whippany, 34. Woodbridge, 10-30-31 - 32-38- 84.10 - 95.6-97.4 - 98.2 - 105- 138.3-223.8. Woodbury, 54-^07. INDEX OF YEARS 1524 to 1850 Explanation — When paragraphs are indexed the page and paragraph are combined thus : 1616, 107.6 — mean- ing page 107, paragraph 6. 1524, 137. 1534, 167. 1694, 31-135.7-164.5. 1584, 25. 1606, 25. 1695, 31-138.3-199.2. 1609, 25. 1614, 5. 1696, 138.3. 1697, 6. 1616, 107.6. 1617, 25-138.3. 1698, 6-14-31-133.8-153.6. 1623, 25-161.2. 1699, 6-31. 1624, 6. 1826, 25. 1700, 32-103.6-105-166. 1627, 26. I60O, 25-103. 1701, 32-108-108.8. 1631, 26. 1633, 6. 1702, 6-32-74.8-^^9.10. 1634. 26. 1638, 6. 1703, 32-103.7. 1704, 33. 1640, 26. 1642, 6-74.4. 1705, 33. 1707, 33. 164F), 6. 1708, 6-33. 1<09, 6-34. 1648, 26-138.3-156.3. 1710, 6-34-164.5. 1664, 6-27-74.5 - 131.4- - 138.3- 1711, 34. 17i2, 35. 161.3-169.2. 1713. 35-13».3-144.4. 1665, 27-95.8. 1714, 6-35-162.^-164.5. 1666, 18-27-96.3-l^u.4-138.3. 1716, 35. 1717, 35. 1667, 11-74.6-107.4-138.3. 1718, 35-199.7. 1719, 35. 1868, 27-97.3-138.3. 1720, 6-36-138.3-175.6. 1669, 27. 1670, 97.4. 1721, .36. 17^2, 36. 1671, 6-27. 1672, 12-27. 1723, 9. 1726, 125.4. 1673, 27. 1727, 36. 1<28, 6. 1674, 6-27-157.4-167.6. 1729, 6-135.7. 1730, 38. 1675, 27-97-107.3-135.2-164.5. 1731, 0-36-138.3. 1676, 6-27-29-74.7 - 96.4-138.3- 1732, 6-36. 162.3-189.2. 1734, 37-95-138.3. 1677, 29-138.3-156.4-164.5-174. 1736, 6-3 ». 1678, 29-95.3-108.3-138.3-169.2. 1737, .37-95.2-163.7. 1679, 6-29-95.6. 1738, 6-.38-151.2. 1680, 29-138.3. 1«9, 38-164.5-166. 1681, 6-30-95.5-134.3-1.38.3. 1740, .38-103.3-104-138.3-153.5. 1682, 6-30 - 95.6 - 107.3 - 156.6- 1741, 9-100.5. 1742, 100.5. 158.2-162.3-164.5-170.8. L743, 37-100.5. 1683, 6-30 - 95.7 - 157.2 - 158.4- 1744, 12-190.4. 159.4. L745, 9-12-98-166.7. 1684, 6-30-95.9-96-108.3-138.3. L746, 6-37-106.5 - 125.4 - 135.4- 1685, 6-.30-105.2. 205 5-230.9. 1686. 6-120.2. 1747, 6-37-137.3-174.5. 1687, 6-30. 1748, 9 - 37 - 98.8 - 108 - 164.5 1688, 6-31-158-164.5. 166.3-174.5. 1689, 131.3 1690, 6-209.8. 1750, 38-138.3-161.4-179.7. 1891, 6-31. 1751, 38-98.2-165.2. 1692, 6-31-133.7-134. 1752, 9-219.6-190.5. 1693, 31-134-135.4. 1753, 44-164.5-209. INDEX OF YEARS. 239' 1754, 10-135.4-1 < 7.2. 1755, 10-98.3-103.3 - lOG-138.3- 138.6. 1756, 11-38-97.9. 1757, 6-38-104.6-120. 1758, 6-38-174.5-223.8-179.7. 1780, 6-9-38-95.8. 1761, 6-38-174.5-199.4. 1762, 201.4. 1763. 8-38. L764, 35-135.4-135.2. 1765, 39-172.5-179.7. 1766, 6-39 - 74.1 - 104.2 - 1.35.4- 176.2-179.7. 1769, 10-100-104.3 - 115.7-135.4- 1.38.3 - 161.6 - 172.4 - 179.7 - 187.3. 1770, 12-39 - 96.7 - 107 - 170.2- 201.3. 1771, 39-40. 1773, 130.5. 1774, 39. 1777, 40-77.1 - 98.6-100 - 122.3- 171.3-208.4. L775. 40-97.8-107.3-140.7-191.4- 192.4. 1776, 10-22-39 - 88.4-100-106.2- 119 - 120.3-139 - 157 - 186.8- 167.4-171.3 - 1*0-199.5-208.3- 216.7. . 1778, 40-121-171.3-226.2-179.5. 1779, 41-98.6-119.7-125.2-130.7- 1.54.6-218.8. 1780, 10 - 11 - 41-97.10 - 108.2- 118..3-1.30.6-171.3-183. 1781, 11-41-136.2-224.4. 1782, 42-223.2. L783, 42-134.2-lo6.7-158.5-224.7. 1784, 42-47-100.6 - 106.7-224.7- 226.9. 1785, 42-226.9-227.4. 1786, 43-119.3-120.3-163. 1787, 5-10-13-43-118.2. 1788, 14-43-118.5-163. 1789, 9-43-124.6-141-183.3. 1790, 9-44 - 139.9 - 164.3-226.5- 180.5. 1791, 10-12 - 13-14 - 44 - 165.5- 186.2. 1792, 44-88.5-218.8. 1793, 10-141-218.8-219.3. 1794, 44-89.2-137.3-166.2-179.7. 1795, 44. 1796. 15-44. 1797. 215.5. 1798, 45-96.6. 1800, 45-136.3. 1801, 15-45-89.0. 1802, 11-45-97.2. 1803, 10-45-141. 1804, 11-13-45-225.3-192.3. 1805, 12-45. 1806, 11-45. 1807, 46-19i.4. 1808. 12-46. 1809, 46-167.5-193.5. 1810, 46. 1811, 46-148.4-152.7-153.2-225.3. 1812, 10-ll-46-4t>-lu4-161-219.7. 1813, 39-46-141 - 153.8 - 154.7- 163.5-227.3. 1814, 12-46-149.7 - 153.4-153.7- 154.4-222.9. 1815, 11-47-88.4-169.3-170.5. 1816, 16-47-119.2 - 152.4 - 153- 154.2-223.7. 1817, 12-47-152. 1818, 47-97.8-98.5-151.7. 1819, 47-153.7-151-184.3. 1820, 47-149.8-150.3-165.4. 1821, 47-107.2-149.3-150. 1822, 48-148.9-149.5-185-191. 1823, 10-13-45 - 48-141.3-141.3- 179.3-183.5-185.3. 1824, 48-135-141.4-170-184.6. 1825, 48-115.8-141.5 - 142-143.2- 183.5. 1828, 48-142.7-143-144.2-225.3. 1827, 48-143. 7-144. 3-144.6-146. 8. 1828, 49-144.9-145-146-183.5. 1829, 49-115.3-145-146.3-147. 18.30, 49-109.5 - 146.7-148 - 149- 169.4. 1831, 49-148.5-169.7-216.4-184.4. 1832, 49-184.5. 18.33, 49-141. 1834, .50. 1835. .50. 1836, 50-89.5-170. 1837, 50-88.2-134.6-163.5-164.5. 1838, 50-164.5. 1839, 51-176.5. 1840, 51-164.5-165.4-166.5. 1841, 51. 1842, 13-51. 1843, 51-141. 1844, 51-74.1-115.9-148.6-184.5- 218.2-231.4. 1845, 51-163.5-225.8. 1846, 52-104.5-168.6. 1847, 52-118.4. 1848, 52-125.6. 1849, 52-169.5. 18.50, 52. INDEX OF EVENTS Explanation — When paragraphs are indexed the page and paragraph are combined thus : Camp Meet- ings, 177.7 — meaning page 177, paragraph 7. Anniversaries, 56-59-65-231.2. Admission of States, 72-73. A]asl<;a and Hawaii. 74.3. Administrations, 74-75-13S.10. Agriculture and Farming, 92.4-10S.3 - 114.-146.8 - 173.2- 204-221.5. Area and Dimensions, 76-77- 78 - 113.1-167.3 - 167.2-177.5- 183.-208. Altitudes. 117.5-177.6-180-186. Annals of N. J., 25. Animals, 114.8-142.6-147-15(».4- 155.3-190.5-205.3 - 209.7-212.- 5-212.9 - 213.2 - 215.3 - 219.2- 219.5-228.8-229.8. Back Pay, 19. Ballooning, 146. Banks. 45-64-141.tD-143.S-145.3- 192.3-217. Battles, 130.8 - 130.9 - 147.6 - 152.3 - 159.6 - 170.5 - 171.3 - 172.2-178.4-179.5-185.3. Bible Societies, 193.5-193.6. Biographies Brief, 9. Bonapartes The. 149. Books. 32-36-39-45-46-68-98.2- 100.6 - 100.2 - 103.5 - 107.2 - • 114.9-186.6-195.4-226.2. Boundary Lines. 11-15-35-63- 75-77.7 - 81.5 - 128.7 - 134.2- 144.9-148.7-174-187.2. Boroughs. When. 118.2. Brick Making, etc., 161. Broad Seal War. etc., 15-16- 51-124.5-166.8-197.2. Burr's Conspiracy, 118.4- 126.2. Cabinet Officers, 13 - 115.3 - 183.5-187.2-209.4-216.3. California Gold. 125.6. Camp Meetings, 177.7. Caucus System, The, 118.5. Canals and Lines, 46-47-48- 49 - 50-53 - 54-56 - 57-83-66- 81.9 - 92-109.8 - 136.3 - 146.6- 148.9-169.4-136.7 - 170-183.2- 210.6. Capital and Capitol, 44-45-51- 52-57-88.5-108.4-136.7. Cemeteries, 178.7-178.8-186. Census, 59. Centennial, The. 58 - 59-89- 140-216.4. Charitable Institutions, 18 - 19-23-56-57 - 58-59-60-62-85- 90.6. Churches and Meeting Houses, 27-30-31 - 32-34-35- 36 - 42-47-95.8 - 102.4-115.7- 155-172.5-176.3 - 189.4-190.3- 190.6 - 191.2 - 193.7 - 195.3 - 199.7 - 203.6 - 210.7 - 212.7 - 220.1-220.4. Climate and Temperature, 82-129.4 - 152.5-156.4 - 160.5- 191-193. Cities, 109.10-207-210-211.7. Coins, Mints and Paper Money, 33-34-90-94.6-105.3- 114.10 - 117.5 - 119.3 - 120.3 - 155.2-158.2-229.4. Colony to State, 73.1. Colleges, etc.. 37-38-42-50-51- 52-53-54-55-56-60 - 61-62-64- 68 - 93.2 - 106.5 - 107 - 125.4- 135.3 - 138.11 - 176.2 - 179.2 - 190.4-195.2-214.6-230.9. Congresses, 24-39-40-43-115.5- 116.7-148.8-183.3-184. Condensed Statistics. 5. Constitutions, 74.1-88.4. Continental Congress. 41-42- 224.7. Continental Money, 41. INDEX OF EVENTS. 241 Constitutional Conventions, 10-12-16-22-23-27-43-51. Constitutional Amendments, 23-56-57-58. Conventions, Political, 17-18- 22-54-68. Corporations and Incorpora- tions, 31-42-46-51 - 64-141.3- 1B2-166.2-203.4-215.5. Cuban Affairs, 122.4-123.2- 215.7. Curiosities. 101.3-102 - 116.2- 117.4 - 120.5-121.3-126-167.8- 132.8-134.3-180.3-188-208.7. Council of State, Safety, etc., 40. Council Women of Lincoln, 70. Custom Houses (see Taxes), 31. Debt, State, etc., 64-137.4- 186.2-193.3-210.3. Declaration of Independence, 100.3-122.3-139.2-157. Delaware Breakwater, 49. Discoveries, 25-96.2-137-168.6- 180.6. Distances, 80.4-211.2. District of Columbia in N. J., 88 1 Draft of '62, 55. Duels of 1823, etc., 192.2- 212.4. Duties (see Taxes). Early Governors of N. J., 6. East and West India Com- panies, 25-26. East and West Jersey, 28-29- 30 - 31 - 32-97.6 - 101 - 108.8- 120.2-1.31-157.4-159.8-167.6. Earthquakes. Tornadoes, etc., 35-37-59-67-71. Edison (T. A.), Items, 60-70- 1.32.5-174.4-201-212.6. Education. .5-30-47-49 - 52-58- 65-106.4-107.4-188.3-201.2. Electoral College and Vote, 46-47-51-55-59-64-163.5. Execution of Andre, 11. Expedition to Canada, 34. Expositions and Fairs, 94.3- 149.2-174.4. Exports and Imports, 85.6- 105.4. Face of Country, 83-85-164.2- 167.2-178.3. Falls, 85.7-170.8. Farms and Farmers, 5-64-79- 109.12 - 110.2 - 110.7 - 122.6 - 125.3-159.2 - 178-178.6-182.4- 218.2-222. Famine in xereland, 52. Finances, 41-64-1.34.6-149.3. Fires, 50-62-66-68-69-70-95.8- 122 - 142.7 - 150.5-151 - 198.4- 215.4-216.2. Fisheries, 61 - 68-111 - 142.2- 143.6-217.7. Flags, 125-137.0-1.39-222.5. Forts. 26-.33-185.7. Fourth of July, 100. Free Masonry, 119.8-122. Friends (see Quakers). Fruits. 129.2-138.2-156.5-169.6- 173.2-175.7-198.2-210.2-211.3. Gambling and Lotteries, 36- '86-67-96.8-225.2. Geology of N. J., 83.8-84-89- 129.5-130-151.2 - 174.7-176.5- 180-183.4-187. Glass and Glass Works, 46- 47-48-49-56 - 84.11-108-111.2- 112.6-166.3. Governors, 6-7-8-9-91.7-94.9- 90.3-101.2-106.7 - 115.5-117.2- 120-126.5 - 138.4-144.2-148.3- 170.7 - 184.2 - 195.7 - 196.2 - 201.6-205.6-206.4. Hard Times, 30-40-41-43-60. Historical Societies, 51-90.5- 99.5-117 - 182.5-188.6-224.6- 230.2. Houses and Dwellings, 95.1- 98.9-110.5 - 141.4-182 - 199.2- 199.6-201.8. Indians and Indian Claims, 13-26 - 29-30-34 - 38-49-88.3- 91.7-96.6 - -98.3-103.3 - 115.9- 131.7-1.34-1.38.7 - 138.3-155.3- 179.4-189.8-195-229.7. Inventors and Inventions, 152.4 - 156 - 184.3-200.2- 201- 230.8. Internal Improvements, 48. Iron and Iron Works, 34-36- 37-42 - 44-48-51-52-55-56-57- 58-84-85 - 90.8-92.3-92.7-93.3- 100.6 - 111.2 - 138.2 - 153.3 - 162.3-173.6-208.3. Itemized Information, 74. Jersey Blues, 166.7. lersey Cattle, 91.4. 242 HISTORICAL HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. Jersey Greens, 166.7. Jersey Lightning, 175.4. Jersey Plan, The, 4.3. Jersey Thunder, 71. Labor Items, 93-158.3. Land Grants, 25-26-27-28-90.4- 138.4-161.3-169-198.6-209. Lands and Land Sales, 32-35- 53-87-89.9-103-110.5. Largest House in U. S., 53. Lawsuits, 119.6 - 122.5 - 133 - 220.2. Leather Industry. 91.8 - 93- 104.6-153.5-169.2-170.2. Legislatures, 30-32-.33-39-40- 54-58-65 - 66-67-68-99.4-106.2- 138.6 - 149.7 - 15i:.2 - 153.8 - 157.2-162.6-170.6 - 173-201.6- 225.9. Libby Prison of '76, 192.6- 194.2. Libraries, 38-44-46-48-52-55- 61-65 - 71-109 - x^4.3 - 150.6- 179.7-21.5.6. Life Saving Service, 17-198.3. Liquor Laws, 31 - 63 - 204.7- 229. Literature (see Books), 108.5- 116.2 - 118.6 - 148.6 - 165.3 - 187.3-107.4. Lobbyists ot Old. 142. Locomotives and Engines, 169.7-199.4. London Adventurers, 25. Longitude and Latitude, 5- 76-80.3-121.6. Mails, U. S., etc.. 37-89.2-90.6- 135.7-147.4-147.8.-185.8. Manufactures, 5 - 85.3 - 99.8 - 110.8 - 111.4 - 139.5 - 147.7 - 153.7-177.11-197. Manufacturing, Early Estab- lishments, 44-45-46-47-48-50- 51-52-55 - 103.5-166.4 - 189.2- 199-201.3-211-213. Maps, Ancient. 107.6-143.7. Marriages of Aliens, 65-122.8- 190.5-192-205-213.6. Medical Items. 104.2-108.4- 126-133.8-195.5. Militia and Soldiers, 32-33-41- 46-.54-62 - 182.7 - 189.5-191.5- 192.5. Military School. 49. Mills, Saw and Grist, 92.5- 93.5-94.1-95.4-97.7-136. Mines and Mining, 12-35-36- 84.4-105.2 - 14^.8-150.3 - 161- 170.3-175-187.6-221.5. Millionaires, 123-218. Ministers and Preachers, 31- 32-.39-99.2 - 102.3-108.4-116.5- 148.5. Monuments and Statues, 49- 62-65-68 - 1-..5-171.2- 172.3- 216.7-220.5. Morals in 1700, 103.6-157.3. Mountains and Hills, 121.7- 15.5-160.6-168. Names and Nicknames, 25- 28 - 36 - 105.5 - 107.3 - 114.4- 120.3 - 12/./ - 128.3 - 132.2 - 133.7 - 154.3 - 154.6 - 156.2 - 158-159 - 160.7-160.10 - 161.2- 166.7 - 187.5 - 167.7 - 168.5 - 169.6 - 1(3.4 - 174.3 - 175.5 - 204.5. Newspapers, etc, 5-9-19-38- 41 - 45-46-48 - .53-69-98.6-109- 118.4-119.6 - 1.30.5-171-181.4- 184.6-204.3-218.8. Old Jersey. 74.2-117.7-118.7- 126.3-224.3. Original 13, Lucky, 72. Palisade Protection, 23-209.8- 211.6. Paper and Paper Mills, 104.3- 164.7-210.8. Patriots, Early, 25-132-225.3. Peace Congress, 17-54. Penitentiary begun, 50-185. Pensions, State and Na- tional, 66-97.8. Pirates and Highwaymen, 97.10-218.4. Population, 5-.32 - 48 - 86 - 87- 95.10-106 - 111.5-112.1-112.7- 132.7 - 138 - 163.7 - 164.3-172- 179.6-180.7 - 181-188.4-207.3- 213.3-217.4. Ports of Entry, 81.8-90.2-95.6. PostofRces, 5 - .37 - 44 - 100.4- 103.2-175.3-185.6-209.6. Presidents, U. S.. 88.2-123.7- 133.2. Princeton Incidents, etc., 93.2-100.2-132.3 - 142.5-174.5- 175.8 - 176.7-177.2-194-197.4- 219.7-223.2. Printers and Presses, 32-38- 39 - 98.2 - 107.5 - 149.4 - 151- 165.2-165.5-226.2. INDEX OF EVENTS. 243 Productions, 82-84-112.6-129.- 2-185.4-188.G. Provincial Congress, 39-190.2. Public Debt and Loans, 44. Public Institutions, 50-52-55- 56-180.2. Public Stealing-, 67-207.2. Quakers, 29-35-38 - 94.4-95.9- 96.6-97.4-107.4. Quarries, Old, 94.8-129.3-176.3. Railroads, 5-53-54 - 58-64-66- 89.5 - 90.8-102.5 - 109.7-112.5- 114.3 - 117 - 126.6 - 140.3-150- 151.5 - 189.3 - 183.2 - 184.4 - 199.9-210.4-212.8. Railroad Charters and Com- panies, 19-47-49-50-52-57-66- 89.4. Rainfall, Average, 82. Rebellion, The, 20-33. Records. Public, 100-101. Relics, Old, 131.2-150.8-221.3. Representation, etc., 141. Rice Culture, 153.6. Riparian Rights, 55-57-61-66- 77.6-186.8. Roads, 30-33 - 66-90.7 - 123.5- 13.3.6-214.2. Salaries, 41-59 - 60 - 63 - 99.3- 149.7-156.6-175.2. Saturday Half Holiday, 178.9. Scenery and Resorts, 131.5- 151.4 - 160.8 - 172.6 - 174.2 - 176.6 - 177.8 - 177.10 - 178.5 - 189.6-201.4. Senators, U. S., 24-165-226.5. Society of Cincinnati, 11- 141.5-143-196.4. Schools. Public, 29-31-32-47- 49-50-51 - .52-55-57-60-66-68- 87-90.3 - 91-94.7 - 96.4 - 99.6- 109.3-112.4-114.6 - 148-168.4- 173.3-205.4-225. Sheep and Sheep Raising, 149.6-153.2-154.6-173.5-204.8. Ships and Fleets, 25-27-28-29- 30-40-68-71 - 93.4-122.7-124- 130.9-135.2-206.215. Slaughtering, etc.. 110.9-111.3. Smokeless Powder, 64. Socialistic Communes, 108.7. Slaves and Slave Trade, 32- 35 - 45 - 46-49-54 - 94.4-95.2- 98.6 - 97.5 - 98.4 - 99 - 119.2 - 139.8. Slaves, etc., 151.7-157-159.4- 165.4-185-195.6. State Rights, 9-118-145. Stages and Stage-i^inee-. H7- 38 - 90.2-97.9-98 - 136.2-154.7- 192-200.4. Stamp Act. "Odious", 102.2- 106.6. Statistics, 5, etc. Steam Engine, 137.3-225.3. Settlements, 5-25-26-27-29-37- 91.3-96.3-97 - 105-109.5-138.3- 150-159 - 162.2 - 164.5-177.4- 186.3. Steamboats, 42 - 43 - 44-90.8- 98.5 - 104-146.4 - 163 - 196.5- 200.6-225.3-226.9-227.2. Steven's Battery. 21-57-58. Strikes and Riots, 19-20-60- 63-65-68-108. Sunday School and Laws, 65- 95-115-120.4. Surveys and Surveyors, 30- 35-53-60-62-96.7-99.7-187.5. Taverns, 30-95.7-96.1-200.3. Taxes, Customs, Duties, 29- 31-33 - 34-40 - 41-64 - 130.4- 137.5-172.5-181-189. Teachers and Institutes, 53- 133.12. Telephone and Telegraph, 69- 90.8-121.2-221.2-230.3. Timber, North and South, 82- 93.4-136.4-17.5-205.4-211.9. Tories and Traitors. 39-40-41- 118.3 - 1.30.5 - 131.6 - 136.6 - 154.7-215.8-219.3. Town Lots and Sites, 30-91.6- 95.3-97.3-130.8. Townships, 47-48-49-109.9. Trade Relations, 101 - 143.3- 149.5. Treaty of Peace 42. Treasury, State, 143.2. Turnpikes (see Roads), 45- 89.3. Veto Governor, 22. Votes and Voting. 5 - 119 - 127.1 - 140.6 - 144.3 - 147.5 - 150.7-192.7-217.4-228.7. V^ar, 18-26-27-34 - 42-54-92.3- 93.6 - 94.2 - 101.7 - 130-140.7- 141.2-154.1 - 160-183.2 -ia3.6- 164 - 167 - 168.7 - 179 - 182.3- 191.5 - 192.6 - 196.6 - 216.5 - 222.4-227.6. 244 HISTORICAI. HAND BOOK OF NEW JERSEY. War of 1812, 46-222.4. War of Mexico, 52. War Debt, 65-130. War Vessel, first launched, 65. Waters of N. J., 85.2-85.7- 94. 5-120-129.8-188. 5-234.4. Wealth, 167.6 - lu8.3 - 172.4 - 178.6 - 181.9 - 182.4 - 182.6 - 213.5-214.6-230.5. Washington's Journey, 48. Whiskey Insurrection, 10-12. Woman Suffrage and Rights, 45-46-62-68 - 94.2-95.5 - 97.2- 120.8-121-167.4 - 189.7-191.4- 192.7-193.8-206.2-223. World's Fair, 64-136.8-180.4- 182.5. Worship and Morals, 157.3- 1.58.4. Zinc and Zinc Works, 84.12- 178.2-220.2. ! i 46 r^ •J 928 &