CInss Fj/i_ COPYRIGHT DEPOSm THE MEN OF NEW YORK A COLLECTION OF BIOGRAPHIES AND PORTRAITS OF CITIZENS OF THE EMPIRE STATE PROIVIINENT IN BUSINESS, PROFESSIONAL, SOCIAL, AND POLITICAL LIFE DURING THE LAST DECADE OF THE NINETEENTH CENTURY Vol. II BUFFALO, N. Y. GEO. E. MATTHEWS & CO. 1898. U/|iaA 'V rWO COPIES RECEIVED. COPYRIGHT. 1898, BY GEO. E. MATTHEWS & CO. ENGRAVED, PRINTED AND BOUND AT THE COMPLETE ART-PRINTING WORKS OF THE MATTHEWS-NORTHRUP CO., BUFFALO. N. Y, In this second volume are included the portraits and biographies of subjects residing in the Manhattan, Eastern, Chemung, and Genesee Sections; also the biographies and portraits of prominent citizens from various sections who died shortly before the work was undertaken. The volume is concluded by a synoptical index, which includes not only the leading facts of each biography as presented in either volume, but such additional items of interest as have occurred between the publication in parts and the final publication in January, 1898. N / INDEX OF SUBJECTS IN Vol. II ■[M, Manhattan Section ; E, Eastern ; C, Cbemunt; ; (!. Genesee ; D. Tbe Departed] ABELI., PIENRY E., ADAMS, EDWARD I... ADAMS, REUliEN A., ADSIT, MARTIN, ^ , ALMY, ELMER E., . . ANDREWS, CHARLES, ANDREWS, lUDSON H., ANIBAL, NELSON H.. ANIBAL, ROBERT P., . AVER, FREDERICK V., BAILEV, E. PRENTISS, BAKER, JOHN E., . . BALDWIN, FRANCIS E . BARBER, AMZI L., . . BARNES, ENOS W., BARNES, WILLIAM, Jr., BARROWS, SAMUEL "[., BARTLF:TT, FREDERIC W BARTLETT, MVRON E., BATES, FREDERICK E., BATTERSHALL, W. W., BAXTER, ARCHIE E., BAYLESS, GEORGE C, BECKLEY, J. N., . . . - BECKWITH, GEORGE H. BELDING, MII.O M., . BENEDICT, HENRY II., BERGUOLTZ, HERMAN, 1;E.ST, ROBERT H., . . BLISS, CORNELIUS N., BOLAND, JAMES, . . BORST, HENRY v., BRACKETT, EDGAR T., BRADLEY, GEORGE B., BROOKS, HARRY SAYER BUCHANAN, CHARLES J BULGER, CHARLES N., BURKE, H. Y., . . . BURKE, THOMAS M. A., BURROWS, GEORGE II., BURWELL, GEORGE N., CALLICOT, T. C, . . CARPENTER, REESE, . CARROLL, CHARLES II.. CASSIDY, DAVID D., . Page. Brooklyn, Gl M EIniira, . 33 C Rochester, . 11 G H<:)rnellsville. ■i'.) C Rochester, . 30 G Syracuse, 3 E Buft'alo, . . 10 I) Gloversville, ■1- E Johnstown, . 4 ■' New* York, . 41 M Utica, . . 45 E Batavia, . 21) G Elinira, . •"i7 C New York, . 73 M Wellsville. . 411 I) Albany, , . 17 E Utica, 40 •• Buffalo, . . 11 I) Warsaw, 40 G Caroline Depot, ;i4 C Albany. . 47 E Elmira, . -.0 c Binghamton. 3 " Rochester, . 41 G Plattsburgh, 05 E New York, . 4-2 M '• 03 " Illiaca, . . 4 C Buffalo, . 40 D New ^'ork, . 17 M Buffalo, . . 33 D .\nisterilam, 5 E Saratoga Springs , 18 '• Corning, 17 C Elmira, . 35 " Albany, . . 48 E ( )swego, . " Amsterdam, 13 " Albany, . 31 '« Buffalo, . . 17 D . . 57 " Albany, . 18 E New York, . 43 M Rochester, . 31 G Amsterdam, 7 E M. CHESTER, ALDEN, . CHILDS, HENRY A., CHOATE, JOSEPH H. CLEARWATER, A. T., CLEMENT, STEPHEN CLEWS, HENRY, . . . COMPTON, W. R., . . . CONKI.IN, MELVIN M., . COUDERT, FREDERIC R., COXE, ARTHUR CLEVELA CRANDALL, AZOR B., GUMMING, ALEXANDER. CURTISS, GEORGE B.. . CUSHMAN, DANIEL B,, . CUTLER, JAMES G., . . DANA, CHARLES A., . . DANIELS, GEORGE II., DANIELS, WILLIAM II.. DAVENPORT, NELS( )N, . DEPEW, CHAUNCEV M., DEXTER, SEYMOUR, . . DEYO, ISRAEL T., . . . DOANE, WM. CROSWELL, DOWNING, AUGUSTUS S., DOWNS, FRED L., . . . DRUMMOND, ROBERT I... DUHL, LOUIS, .... DUN, ROBERT GRAHAM, DUNCAN, WILLIAM A., DUTCHER, lOIIN B., EATON, JAMES W., . . EUSTACE, ALEXANDER C. EVAN.S, ASHER B., . . . FA.SSETT, J. S. FASSETT, N. P., . . . . FELLOWS, ISAIAH, Jr., . FISH, LE(JNARD F., . . flood, thomas s., . . fxower, roswell p.. . foster, samuel, . . . frank, augustus, . . fuertes, e. a., . . . . c;aines, c. c, .... good, john, grace", WILLIAM R.. Page. Albany, . . . 20 E Medina, . 17 G New York, . 44 M Kingston, . CO E Buffalo, . . 18 D New York, . 45 M F'lmira, . 18 C r, it New York, . O 04 M Buffalo, . . 50 D . . 34 " Binghamton, 56 C " 36 " Norwich, " Rochester, . 18 G New York, . 33 M " 65 " Ogdensburg, 14 E Troy, 32 " New York, . 18 M Elmira, . 19 C Binghamton, 7 " Albany, . 21 E Palmyra, 42 G Medina, . . 43 " Auburn, . 44 ■' Elmira, . 37 C New York, . 46 M Syracuse, 9 E New York, . 48 M Albany, . . 22 E Elmira, . 51 C Lockport, 51 D Elmira, . . 20 C " 19 D Cohoes, . 33 E Fultonville, . 10 " Elmira, . . 38 C New York, . 19 M Troy, . . 67 E Warsaw, 35 D Ithaca, 40 C Poughkeepsie, 15 E New York, . 06 M 34 " INDEX OF VOL. II— Con ti mini GREEN, GEORGE E., . IIALLIDAV, SAMUEL D., HAMMOND, C. D., . . IIASCALL, HIRAM W., HATHAWAY, F. F., . . HAWKES, THOMAS G., HAW LEY, FRANK W.. HAVES, P. HAROLD, . HAYT, STEPHEN T.. . HEATH, G. WARREN,. HEDSTROM, ERIC L.. . HEES, lAMES LEDLIE, HEWITT, ABRAM S., . HIBBARD, H. M., HILL, DAVID B., . . HINCKLEY, HENRY L., HODGE, JOHN, . HOFFELD, RUDOLPH, HOLLISTER, WM. IL, Jr.. HORNBLOWER, WM. B., HOWARD, WESLEY O., HOWE, TOHN B., HUDSON, CHARLES I., HULETTE, FRANK P., HUMPHREY, WOLCOTT HURD, CLARK W., . . HUTCHINS, HORACE S., INGALLS, CHARLES R., JACKSON, JAMES H., . JACOBS, JONAS, . - . JENKINS, ARTHUR, . JENKS, WILLIAM F., . JOHNSON, I. SAM., JONES, HADLEY, . yUDSON, JOHN B., . . KAUFMAN, WM. H., . KEACH, CALVIN E., . KECK, JEREMIAH. . . KINNEAR, PETER, KNIPP, CHARLES H., . KOEHLER, THEODORE, KOSTER, JOHN S., . . KRUM, HOBART, . . L'AMOREAUX, JESSE S.. LANG, GERHARD, . LANSING, JAMES, . . LATHROP, AUSTIN, . LAWRENCE, ABRAM B., LEWIS, SIMEON D., . LLOYD, WILL L., . LOW, SETH, . . LYON, JAMES B., McCALL, JOHN A., . . McCOOK, ANSON G., . mcdonnell, john q., Mcdonough, john t., McKEEVER, R. T., . . Mckenzie, john m., . mckinstry, willard i McLEAN, ARTHUR A., MCMILLAN, DANIEL, . McNUTT, JOSEPH G., . MANNING, W. S.. . MARTIN, CYRUS B., . MARVIN, RICHARD P Page. Binghamton, 52 C Ithaca, . . . 41 " Albany, . 08 E Le Roy, . 40 G Plattsburgli, . . 0'.) E Corning, . &4 C I'ittsforci, . . 19 G Buffalo, . , , 37 I) Corning, . 42 C Fonda, . 11 E Buftalo, . . . 12 D Fonda, . 12 E New York, . 07 M Ithaca, . . . 21 C Albany, . 49 E Ithaca, . . . 23 C Lockporl, 20 D Buffalo, . wa " Troy 34 E New York, , 21 M Troy, . . 23 E Rochester, 47 G New York, , 48 M Arcade, . 48 G J., Warsaw, . 21 D Elma, 23 " Batavia, . 20 G Troy, . . 51 E Dansville, 12 G Elmira, . . 43 C Syracuse, 70 E Norwich, 8 C Warsaw, . . 21 G Little Falls, . 98 E Gloversville, 80 " Amsterdam, . 99 " Lansingburgh, 35 " Johnstown, . 81 '■ Albany, . 52 " Elmira, . 24 C Long Islanti Citi ', C9 M Lyon Falls, . 36 E Schoharie, . 53 " Ballston Spa, . 71 " Buffalo, . . 38 D Troy, . . 72 E Corning, . 9 C Warsaw, . 32 G 23 " Albany, . . 38 E New York, . . 22 M Albany, . . . 82 E New York, . . 13 M . 36 " . Buffalo, . . . 39 D Albany, . . . 24 E . Gloversville, 84 " Batavia, . . 24 (_; D., . Watertown, . . 85 E . Newburgli, . . 100 " . York,. . . . 24 D . Troy, . . . . 39 E Albany, . . 25 " Norwich, . 10 C laniestown, . . 25 D MATTHEWS, J. N., . . MEEGAN, EDWARD J., MEEGAN, THOMAS A., MELDRUM, ALEXANDER MILLER, WARNER, MILLS, D. O MILNE, JOHN M., . . MINER, ASIIER W., MITCHELL, J. H., . . MOFFITT, STEPHEN, . MOLLOY, FRANCIS J., MOORE, CHARLES H., MORGAN, J. PIERPONT, MORIARTA, DOUGLAS C MORTON, LEVI P., . . MOTT, HOPPER S., . . NEWELL, EDGAR A., . NORTH, SAFFORD E., . NOVES, HENRY T.,. . O'BRIEN, DENIS, . . O'BRIEN, TARVIS P., . O'CONNOR, EDMUND, . OAKES, THOMAS F., . OTIS, NORTON P., . . OTTENDORFER, OSWALD PADDOCK, FREDERICK C PALMER, O. W., . . . PARKE, CM.,. . . . PARKHURST, TOHN F., PARSONS, CHARLES, . PARSONS, FRANK M., PARSONS, WILLIAM H., PATTERSON, CHARLES PEASE, F. S., . . . . PERRY, ISAAC G., . . PIERCE, JAMES F., . . PIERCE, JAMES H., . PITCHER, JAMES R., . PLANT, HENRY B., POOLE, MURRAY E., . PORTER, HORACE, . . POTTER, DELCOUR S., POTTER, HENRY CODM PRATT, CHARLES R., PRIEST, GEORGE E., . PROCTOR, WILLIAM 1... RAY, GEORGE W., . . REID, WHITELAW', . RICHARDSON, JACKSON RILEY, J(JHN B., . . ROBERTS, JAMES IL, . ROCHE, WILLIAM J., . ROGERS, WILLIAM F., ROOSEVELT, THEODORE ROOT, FRANCIS IL, ROSS, FRANK W., . ROWE, CHARLES RUSSELL, LESLIt RYAN, STEPHEN, . SAGE, RUSSELL, . , . SAWYER, A. IL, . . . SAXTON, CHARLES T., SCATCHERD, JAMES N SCHEU, SOLOMON, . . SCOTT, RUFUS, . II., ; W., AN Page. Buffalo, . . . 58 D Albany, . 40 E 74 " Bufifalo, . . . 40 D Herkimer, . 54 E New York, . 23 M Genesee, . . . 13 G Friendship, . Cohoes, . . . 54 U 56 E Plattsburgh, . . Troy, . Plattsburgh, . . New York, . . 57 •• 42 '• 58 •' 25 M Saratoga Springs New York, . , 86 E 27 M • " ; . 75 " Ogdensburg, Batavia, . 59 E 25 G Rochester, 33 " W^atertown, . 60 E Troy, . Binghamton, New York, . 43 " 25 C 70 M " 49 " " 51 " Malone, . 75 E Elmira, . 55 C Gloversville, 87 E Bath, . . . 26 C New York, . 71 M Weedsport, . New York, . 34 G 14 M Troy, . Bufilalo, . . 26 E 47 D Binghamton. Brooklyn, Bloomingdale, 58 C 52 M 28 E New \'ork, . 53 M " 54 ■• Ithaca, . . 12 C New York, . 28 M Glens Falls, 76 E New York, . . 37 M Elmira, . . 13 C Ithaca, . . 44 '■ Ogdensburg, Norwich, . 61 E 59 C New York, . . 55 M Elmira, . . 27 C Plattsburgh, Binghamton. Troy, . . Bufifalo, . . 03 E 14 C . 29 E . 28 C New York, . . 30 M Buffalo, . . , l'6 D Elmira, . . 61 C Dansville, , . 14 G Canton, . . 64 E South Otselic, , 62 C New York, . . 72 M Watertown, . . 88 E Clyde, . . Buffalo, . . 2li G 28 D " 41 ■• Wellsville. 55 • • SEWARD, WILLIAM IL, . SHAW, ALBERT D., . . SHEPARD, SIDNEY, . . SHOEMAKER, J. MONROE, SIMMONS, I. EDWARD, . SKINNER, CHARLES' R.. SNELL, lACOB SPRAGUE, EBEN CARLETON, STEPHAN, ERED'K, Jr., . STRONG, WILLIAM i,., . SWETT, ALBERT L., . . TAGGART, ISAAC IL, . . TELLER, JOHN D THAYER, LEWIS V., . . THOMAS, ORLANDO F., , THORNTON, THOMAS, . THURBER, F. B., ... TIERNEY, EDWARD M., . TIFFANY, CHARLES L., . TILFORD, FRANK, . . . TODD, LEROY G., . . . TOWNSEND, MARTIN I., TOZIER, LEMUEL L., . . TRACY, BENIAMIN F., . lA'DEX OF r Page. Auburn, . . 35 G Watertown, . 77 E New Haven, 29 D Elmira, . (53 C New York, . 31 M Albany, . 30 E Fonda, . 101 " Buffalo, . . 42 D Kini;.ston, 89 E New York, . 38 M Medina, . 27 G Buffalo, . . 56 D Auburn, . 37 G Troy, 44 E Lyons, . . 15 G Buffalo, . 44 D New \'ork, . 57 M Binghamton, 30 C New York, . 58 M '• 15 " Ithaca, . . 45 C Troy, no E Batavia, . 28 G New York, . 3'J M ] 'OL. II— Continued VAN ETTEN, JOHN E., . VAN HORN, BURT, . . VAN VLEET, De FOREST, WALES, TIIERON A., . . WALKER, JAMES E., . . WALKER, JOHN BRISBEN, WARDWELL, GEORGE S., WEBB, WM. SEWARD, . WELLINGTON, Q. W., . . WELLS, EDWIN M., . . WELLS, J, STEWART, . . WENDELL, JOHN D., , . WILKESON,"(OHN, . . WILLARD, ERNEST R., . WILLARD, FRANCIS A., . WILLIAMS, GIBSON T., . WILLIAMS, ROGER B., . WINSLOW, BRADLEY, . WISE, JAMES B., ... WRAY, ALBERT A., WRIGHT, HORTON D., WRIGHT, MAURICE I... . YATES, HENRY T-, ■ ■ YOUMANS, EDWARD B., Page Kingston, . 92 E Lockport, . 30 D Ithaca, . . 15 C Elniha, . . 31 " Ilorncllsvilli , . 32 " New \'ork. . 59 M Buflalo, . . 45 IJ New York, . 75 M Corning, . 4G C Syracuse, . 78 E Piinghamton, . 64 C Fort Plain, . 102 E Buffalo, . . 31 D Rochester, . 38 G Newburgh, . 93 E Buffalo, . . 13 1) Ithaca, . . 48 C Watertown, . 103 E . 79 ■• Brooklyn, . 60 M Gloversville, . 94 E Oswego, . . 95 " Jamestown, . 14 D Elmira, . . 15 C MANHATTAN SECTION In the Manhattan Section are pub- lished the biographies of subjects from the counties of Kings, New York, Queens, and Westchester. MEN OF THE MANHATTAN SECTION JObn H. /IliCCall, as president of one of the largest insurance corporations in the world, occupies an important position in the commercial and finan- cial affairs of the metropolis, and of the country at large. Like so many of the prominent men of the United States, he owes his success to steady, persis- tent effort, and to a sort of genius for doing the right thing in the right way, without any of the adven- titious aids that lift some men into prominence. Born in Albany less than fifty years ago, Mr. McCall received his education in the public schools of that city, and afterward took a course in a com- mercial college. At eighteen years of age he left school, and began to make his way in the world. For a couple of years he was employed in the assort- ing house for state currency at Albany, but he soon became bookkeeper in the Albany office of the Con- necticut Mutual Life Insurance Co. He had not been long in this position before he made up his mind to devote himself to the business of life insur- ance, and this determination he has consistently fol- lowed ever since. Mr. McCall began his long connection with the insurance department of the state of New York when he was about twenty years old, obtaining a clerkship under (leorge W. Miller, then superintendent of the department. After two or three years devoted to statistical and actuarial work in the office, he was appointed to the responsible position of examiner of companies ; and four years later he became deputy superintendent. In this capacity he made himself so valuable to the department that he was retained in office under two Republican superintendents, though he is himself a Democrat. The business of insurance was at that time in a most demoralized condition, and the insurance department of the state had need to use prompt and vigorous measures to protect policy holders from unscrupulous companies, and restore public confidence in those that were worthy of it. Mr. McCall proved himself equal to the occasion ; and succeeded in driving out of the field a large number of irresponsible companies, and in sending some of their officers to prison for making false reports to the insurance department. In 1883, when a new superintendent was to be appointed, Mr. McCall refused to allow the insurance companies to urge his name ; but the bankers and business men of the state took up his cause, and presented to Gover- nor Cleveland a strong petition in his favor. For the next three years, therefore, he served as state superintendent of insurance ; but in 1886, when Governor Hill offered him a reappointment, he declined it, preferring to accept a more important position elsewhere. By this time Mr. McCall had gained a wide reputa- tion for his thorough knowledge of all matters relat- ing to the business of insurance, for his tried ability and unimpeachable integrity ; and many positions of responsibility might have been his for the asking, or indeed, without the asking. He accepted the office of comptroller of the Equitable Life Assurance Society of New York city, and for the ne.xt six years filled that position with distinguished ability. In February, 1892, the president of the New York Life Insurance Co. resigned, owing to grave charges against the management of that institution which had been made by the New York Times, and sus- tained after fidl investigation. After a successful career of nearly half a century this corjioration, with its 200,000 policy holders, found itself in need of a strong hand to guide its fortunes, and above all, to restore public confidence. The board of trustees, by a unanimous vote, elected Mr. McCall to the office of president, and the event has proved the 14 MEN OF A'Eir VORK—.UAXHATTAX SECT/ON wisdom of their choice. No man could have been better qualified to revive the prestige of the institu- tion, and put it once more in the front rank among similar organizations ; and this he did in a remark- ably short time. No company now stands higher in |jublic esteem than the New York Life. tions with subordinates and employees, not less than with others. His innate courtesy and kindliness of heart are well known, and render him a general favorite. He is a welcome visitor at several of the most prominent clubs of the city, including the Metropolitan, Merchants,' City, Manhattan, Colon- ial, and Lawyers.' PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Joltn Augustine McCall 7vas born at Al- Imny March 2, 184.9 ; was educated in public schools and a kisiness college ; was a clerk in Albany offices, 1867-69 ; mar- ried Mary I. Haran of Albany July 12, 1870 ; teas connected with the insurance department of Nerv York state, 1869-86, and its superintendent for the last three years ; 7vas comptroller of the Equitable Life Assurance Society of New York city, 1886-92 : has been pi-esident of the Ne7v York Life Lnsurance Co. since 1892. JOHX .-1. MCC.-\LL Mr. McCall has had a prominent part in several large public transactions, and has always used his influence to strengthen and uphold the government. His connection with the issue of government bonds in 1896 is a case in point. P'rom the first he was prominent among those who predicted the success of the plan, and his company subscribed for $10,000,000 of the issue. In the summer of 1896 he helped to form the syndicate to prevent the export of gold, and to strengthen and maintain the government reserve ; and he proved his faith in the venture by agreeing to share five per cent of the profit or loss resulting from the operations of the syndicate. In social intercourse Mr. McCall is noted for his frank and cordial manners, and for his affable rela- Milliam Ibenrg parsons, one of the largest paper manufacturers of the country, is descended from old English stock, and was born on Staten Island, New York, in 1831. Forced by ill health to give up his original plan of at- tending college, Mr. Parsons entered business life at the age of twenty-four, becoming a clerk in the office of the American agents of an English shipping house. Two years after this he took a clerkship in a paper warehouse, thus em- barking in the business with which he has ever since been identified. After a year his clerkship gave way to a part- nership, and in two years more he estab- lished himself in the same business on an independent basis. This happened in 1860, when Mr. Parsons was twenty-nine years old, and in the full vigor of early manhood. He devoted himself closely to his busi- ness, and before long his name was recognized in paper-trade circles as one of the most important in that department of industry. For twenty years or more he sold paper on commission for various manu- facturers, and his position in the trade was naturally less prominent and independent than it has been in recent years. Recognizing the inevitable evolu- tion of industrial forces toward a direct connection between producer and consumer, Mr. Parsons began to manufacture paper himself in 1880. His wide acquaintance with the large consumers of the pro- duct, and with all the conditions of the paper market. MEX OF NKir VORK—MAXHATTA.X SECT/OX 15 afforded reasonable assurance of success in the new venture ; and in a comparatively short time he took rank with the leading manufacturers of his staple. By 1891 the business of W. H. Parsons & Co. had reached such proportions that it seemed desirable to effect incorporation. That was done, accordingly, members of the Parsons family taking most of the stock. Mr. Parsons has always given his chief attention to the paper business, and holds a controlling inter- est in several paper-making plants. He is now president of the Lisbon Falls Fibre Co., Lisbon Falls, Me. ; of the Bowdoin Paper Manufacturing Co., Brunswick, Me. ; of the corporation of W. H. Parsons & Co., Maine and New York ; and a director of the Pejepscot Paper Co., Pejepscot, Me. His surpa.ssing busine.ss ability has been utilized by various other in.stitutions, in the af- fairs of which he exercises a certain oversight, but to which he necessarily devotes only a limited part of his time. He is one of the trustees, for example, of the Bowery Savings Bank in New York city, a member of the Chamber of Com- merce, first vice president of the New York Board of Trade and Transportation, and one of the vice presidents of the advisory board of the Philadelphia Mu- seums. He is president of the West- chester County Bible Society, and of the National League for the Protection of American Institutions. He is one of the managers of the Presbyterian Board of Publication and Sabbath School Work, Philadelphia ; a manager of the West- chester Temporary Home for Destitute Children ; one of the executive commit- tee of the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals ; and a Fellow of the American Geographical Society. Mr. Parsons belongs to various social organizations, including the Metropoli- tan, Union League, and City clubs of New York ; the Apawamis Club, Rye ; and the Atlantic Yacht Club. He is a trustee of the American Yacht Club, and chairman of the house committee. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY^ U'illiaiii Henry Parsons 7c>iis born on Statcn Island, N. Y., July 7, ISSl : 7t>as engaged as clerk in various liouses in Ne7u York city, and partner in a paper house, 1855-60 ; married Laura C. Palmer, a lineal descendant of Miles Stan- dish and Governor Bradford, the first governor of Massachusetts, October 22, 1S57 ; established the business no7Ci known as the corporation of IV. H. Parsons 6^ Co. in 1S60, and has been at the head of the same since. JTraul? XlilfOrb, one of the great merchants of New York, and otherwise honoraljly distinguished among his fellow-citizens, is almost a young man still, notwithstanding his high position and multi- form achievements. Born in New York city in 185;2, he received his early education in the schools of the metropolis, attending subsequently the Mount Washington Collegiate Institute. A university train- ing and professional study might easily have followed had his taste or inclination led that way ; but strong commercial proclivities were a part of his birthright, and it seemed unwise to thwart the obvious will of nature. His father, the late John M. Tilford, one WILLIAM HEXRY PARSO.WS of the founders of the famous grocery house of Park & Tilford, was willing enough to have him choose a business career ; and took him into his own estab- lishment as the best means of making a start. ir. MF.X OF NEU- YORK' -~ MAXHATTAX SECT/OX This was only a beginning, however ; and his father was altogether too much of a business man, and too solicitous for his son's ultimate welfare, to advance him with undue haste, or to treat him in any way essentially different from that prevailing in the case of other employees. The young man was /'A-AA'A' riLl-UKU obliged to begin at the lowest rung of the ladder; and to mount therefrom by slow degrees, and only as proved capacity clearly warranted such advancement. The advantages of birth and training, and invalu- able paternal advice were his, however ; and progress under such conditions could not be long delayed. By October, 1873, when the house opened a store at Thirty-eighth street and Sixth avenue, he had tested and proved his worth in every department of the business, and the firm felt justified in giving him charge of the new uptown establishment. He was then only twenty-one years of age, but he soon showed that he was amply able to meet the re.sponsi- bilities of the new position. Since then he has been an increasingly important factor in the management of the concern. The business became years ago one of the largest of its kind in the world ; but the limit of growth has continually receded, and by 1890 the transactions of the concern had reached such a volume that it seemed desirable to incorporate the business. In October, 1890, accordingly, a close stock corporation was formed, with John M. Tilford as vice ])resident. (Jn his death in January, 1891, Frank Tilford was elected to the office, \vhich he still holds. Mr. Tilford's connection with the great grocery has naturally been his chief busi- ness interest ; but he has been active in other directions as well. In 1874 he was elected a director in the Sixth Na- tional Bank, becoming thus the youngest bank director in the city at that time. He retained the office for about ten years, or until the death of Francis Le- land, the president of the bank. In 1885 he was elected a trustee of the North River Savings Bank ; and in 1889 he organized, with George S. Haven, the Bank of New Amsterdam, of which he was vice president until July 1, 1896, when he was made its president. Join- ing the Real Estate Exchange in 1876, Mr. Tilford interested himself actively in the realty of Harlem and the west-side uptown district. His operations were conducted prudently and sagaciously, and met with substantial success. His grocery, banking, and real-estate interests, vast as they are, are yet not sufficient to exhaust entirely Mr. Til- ford's energy. He is a director of a railroad, vice president of the Standard Gas Co. , a .school trustee, and an active member of the Chamber of Commerce. As one of the executive committee of the Grant Monument Association, he has been largely instrumental in the success of that movement. His principal clubs are the Union League, Colonial, Republican, Lotus, and New York Athletic. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Frank Til- ford was horn at Neiii York city July 22, 1852 ; ivas educated in New York schools and Mount Washington Collegiate Institute, Neiu York city ; entered the employ of Park &' Tilford in 1S71 ; married Julia Greer of New York November 16, 1881 ; was vice president of the Bank of New Amsterdam, 1889-96, and has been its president since : has been 7'ice president of the cor- poration of Park vS^' Tilford since 1891. .\fE.X OF .VEir VORk'—MAXHATTAA SECT/OX 17 Cornelius 1H. JSllSS is known throughout the land as a most successful business man, as a national leader of the Republican party, and as a foremost factor in many movements promoting the general welfare. Born in Fall River, Mass., sixty- four years ago, of excellent English and American ancestry, dating back in this country almost to Plymouth Rock, Mr. Bliss disclosed early in life the sterling qualities that everywhere command success. After attending school at Fall River until he was thirteen years old, and completing his scholastic training in the high school at New Orleans, he began his brilliant career in the business world about 1849 by entering the establishment of James M. Beebe & Co., Boston, importers and jobbers of dry goods. They were the largest dealers in their line in the United States at that time, and in their service young Bliss had a chance to show his capacity. How well he improved the r-"— - ■ ' opportunity is evident from the fact that he ultimately acquired an interest in the j business. ' The firm of Beebe & Co. having dis- , solved in 1866, Mr. Bliss became a part- ner in the firm of John S. & Eben Wright & Co., Boston, selling agents for some of the largest New England manu- facturers. In the year mentioned the house established a New York branch, and Mr. Bliss took charge of it. With i the ampler opportunities of the great city, he made himself more and more : important in the business world. On ■ the death of the senior Wright in 1874 the firm assumed the style of Wright, Bliss & Fabyan, with offices in New York, Boston, and Philadelphia. Since 1881 the concern has been known as Bliss, Fabyan & Co., and has come to be one of the .strongest mercantile houses in the world. Selling agents for a group of mills that rank among the greatest manufacturing corporations of the con- tinent — the Pepperell Mfg. Co., the Laconia Co., the Androscoggin Mills, the Otis Co., and others — Bliss, Fabyan & Co. transact a business not exceeded by any competitive firm, and amounting every year to not far from twenty million dollars. In recounting thus the commercial side of Mr. Bliss's life, the half has not been told. More im- portant still is his splendid career as a broad-minded citizen, and a tower of strength to every good cause. For many years his name has been one of the first to be mentioned whenever any question of great public interest has come up for discussion and set- tlement. Political, financial, and social questions alike have engaged his attention, and received the benefit of his wide experience and sagacious coun- sel. Though he has never held a public position that carried a dollar of salary with it, he has long been recognized everywhere as a political leader of stainless reputation. He has repeatedly refused nominations to high offices, including the mayoralty of New York city and the governorship of New York state. In the higher councils of the Repub- lican party, however, he has had a prominent place for many years, serving as a delegate to city, county, state, and national conventions. In 1884 he was made chairman of a committee of one hundred busi- coR\/-:[./rs X. ji/./ss ness men appointed at a large public meeting held in Cooper Union to attend the national convention, and urge the nomination of Arthur for the presi- dency. He was chairman of the New York state 18 ME.X OF X/CIV yORK—.\/A.\'N.-l/'/:t\ SECT/O.V Republican committee in 1887 and again in 1888. In the presidential campaign of 1892 he was a mem- ber of the executive committee of the Republican national committee ; and he was treasurer of the national committee in the campaigns of 1892 and 1896. Naturally enough Mr. Kli.ss has been called upon to devote some of his business ability to the affairs of various financial, philanthropic, and social insti- tutions. He is vice president of the Fourth National Bank, director of the Central Trust Co. and of the Equitable Life Assurance Co., and governor and treasurer of the Society of the New York Hospital. He is a vice president of the Chamber of Commerce, and has been chairman of its executive committee. He is a member of the Union League Club, and belongs to various similar institutions, including the Republican, Century, Metro])olitan, Riding, L^nion, and Players' clubs. P£AS ONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Cornelius Ne7vton Bliss was born at Fall River, Mass., Janu- ary 26, 183S ; a/tended public schools at Fall River and Ne7o Orleans, La. ; was connected ivith James M. Beehe &= Co. , Boston, as employee and member of the firm, lSIfO-6G : married Elizabeth M. Pbmter of Boston March 30, 1859 ; became a member of the firm of John S. &"■ Eben Wright &= Co. , Boston, in 1866, and resident partner in New York city, and has been engaged in the dry-goods commission business in New York city ever since : was chairman of the New York state Republican committee, 1887-88, and treas- urer of the Republican national committee in 1892 and in 1896. GbaUllCeV /ID. DepeW is I'etter known to the world at large, including the cultivated peojjle of both hemispheres, than almost an\- other .\merican citizen. Though barely beyond the ]irime of life, he has for many years enjoyed a world-wide reputa- tion as a masterful man of affairs, a brilliant political leader, an enchanting public speaker. His accom- plishments and his career recall the line about the old Homeric hero, "Strange that I'lvsses does a thousand things so well." Descended on his father's side from Huguenot stock, and on his mother's side from the dis- tinguished patriot, Roger Sherman, Mr. Depew was born at Peekskill, N. Y., in the old homestead that has been in the po.ssession of his family for more than two centuries. He graduated at Yale College in 185(i, was admitted to the bar in 1858, and en- tered upon his eventful career in the stormy days preceding the outbreak of civil war. His gradua- tion from college had synchronized with the national organization of the Republican party, and he inter- ested himself in the movement from the first. In 1858 he was a delegate to the Republican state con- vention, and in 1860 he took the stump in behalf of Lincoln. Even then he attracted enthusiastic audiences. In almost every political contest since the Lincoln campaign, including the momentous struggle of 1896, he has done yeoman's service in the cause of good government. In the year follow- ing Lincoln's election Mr. Uepew was sent to the assembly. He was re-elected in 1862, serving as chairman of the committee on ways and means, and as speaker of the assembly during a part of the time. Nominated by the Republican party in 18(i.'l for the oflfice of secretary of state, he spoke twice a day for six consecutive weeks, and was elected by a majority of 30,000 votes. He declined a re-election in 1865, and put aside also the post of minister to Japan, though he held the commission about a month. He was a candidate for the office of lieutenant governor on the Liberal Republican ticket in 1872, but shared the prompt defeat of the new movement. Two years later he was made regent of the state university, as well as a member of the commission charged with the construction of the state capitol at Albany. During the contest in the assembly over the elec- tion of Senator Piatt's successor, after the memorable resignation of senators Conkling and Piatt in 1881, Mr. Depew was a candidate for several weeks, and at one time came within ten votes of election. He finally withdrew his name in order to end the ex- traordinary struggle, and to ensure the election of Warner Miller. Similar self-effacement for the pub- lic and party good was shown by Mr. Depew at the Republican national convention in 1888, when he was a prominent candidate for the presidenc} . Hav- ing received ninety-nine votes to Harrison's eighty on the first ballot, and about held his own on two succeeding ballots, he withdrew his candidacy, and thus allowed the New York delegation to concentrate its strength on Harrison and ensure the latter's nomination. Since then Mr. Depew has continued to be a powerfiil factor in the counsels of the Repub- lican part)', and his name has been persistently used in connection with the highest stations in public life, .\lmost uniformly, however, on account of his duties in the business world, he has felt unable to accept such opportunities. In 1884 he received but declined an off'er of the United States senatorship. In 1889 President Harrison tendered to him the choice of any position within his gift, and again in 1892 he offered him the position of secretary of state in his cabinet. ME\ OF \EIV YORK— MAyHATTAX SECT/OX 19 In the vast transportation industry of the country- Mr. Depew has been a towering figure for a quarter of a century. Seeing his name constantly in print in reports of notable meetings of every kind, at which he has presided or delivered orations, some people have imagined that this sort of thing took up the greater part of Mr. Depew's time. Noth- ing could be further from the truth. Few administrative corporation officers have devoted more hours to their busi- ness, or labored more faithfully in behalf of the interests entrusted to them, than President Depew. The ban(juets without number that he has graced with his presence, and the thousands of public meetings that he has enriched with his eloi|uence, have constituted his form of recreation, and afforded him the needed change and relief from business cares. Beginning his long career in the j railroad world in 18(56, when he was appointed by Commodore Vanderliilt at- torney for the New York & Harlem Rail- road Co., Mr. Depew rose rapidly to one of the most responsible positions in the railway service anywhere on the globe. Made general counsel of the new com- pany when the Hudson River road was consolidated with the New V'ork Central, he became second vice president of the Central-Hudson company in 1882, and was elected to the presidency June 14, 18.H.'). He has since discharged the duties of that position with distinguished success. His earlier years of service were devoted chiefly to court litigation, and his arguments before the Su|jreme Court at Washington in the interests of the N'anderbilt railway properties will long be remembered as wonderful forensic triumphs. In later years he has minutely informed himself concerning all departments of the enormous trust committed to him, and has shown great organizing and e.\ecuti\ e talent in the administration of its affairs. Probably no one ha.s been more sought than Mr. Depew as an after-dinner speaker, or as the orator of the day on public occasions. Obtaining early in life a thorough education in the liberal arts, he has amplified his knowledge and broadened his culture in succeeding years. Two volumes of his orations, one published in 1890 and the other in 1«94, will retain their [ilace in the literature of the language for generations to come ; but the brilliancy of his wit. the delicacy of his oratorical touch, and his exquisite taste in words and manner of speech, defy translation into printed language. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Chauncey Mitchell Depew was born at Peekskill, N. Y. , April 23, ISSJ/. ; graduated fnvn Yale College in 1856, and ^ CHArxcEV M. ni-Pi:\\ 7i'ax admitted to the bar iii 185H : Teas member of assembly, 1S62-6S, and secretary of state, 186^-05 : uias appointed attorney for the Nero York <2f= Harlem Railroad Co. in 1866, general counsel of the New York Central c^■ Hudson River road on its organiza- tion in ISOfi, and second rice president of the road in 1882 ; has been president of the Central- Hudson road since 188i). IROSWell p. jFlOWer, recently governor of the Empire State, and otherwise distinguished in public life, was born in Jefierson county, New York, in 1835. He is of humble origin but of excellent stock, his English ancestors having settled in Con- necticut two centuries ago. When he was eight 20 .UEN OF XEir yORK—M.L\HAT/A.X SECT/OX years old his father died, and Roswell was obliged to begin early in life his long career in the business world. Becoming a clerk in a country store while still a boy, he afterward worked in a brickyard and on a farm. Concurrently with all that, however, he was getting an education by attending district Rftsuia.i. P. Fi.oni'.R schools and the Theresa High School. Having graduated from this institution in 1851, he taught school for a while, boarding around with the pupils ; and afterward became a clerk in the post office at Watertown, N. Y. The salary was only $50 a month, but he held the place six years, and in that time contrived to .save $1000. Realizing that such a position would lead to nothing, Mr. Flower took his capital in 1860, and bought with it an interest in a jewelry business in Watertown, which he conducted successfully until 1869. In that year he took u]) his residence in New- York city, and established a banking firm there. This venture was entirely successful, and Mr. Flower accumulated an am])le fortune. The firm is still in e.xistence, though he ceased to be an active partner several years ago. He has never been regarded in VV'all street as a speculator, having used his capital for legitimate investment purposes. Mr. Flower and Henry Keep, the railroad magnate, married sisters ; and after Mr. Keep's death in 1869 Mr. Flower took charge of his large interests as the agent of Mrs. Keep. He cared for the property with such fidelity and success that it grew largely in his hands. He is an exceedingly able and judicious investor ; and it is said that he never buys the stocks or bonds of a company without personally examining the ])ro])- erty represented by the securities in (|uestion, and thus satisfying himself of their intrinsic merits. He has used his means in a public-spirited way, having made many generous contributions to charitable objects, including a donation of $,>O,00O for the erection of the St. Thomas Home on Fifty-ninth street. New York city. He has been a large subscriber to the campaign funds of the Democratic party. Mr. Flower took no prominent part in jniblic life until 1881, when he ran for congress against William Waldorf Astor for the seat made vacant by the resig- nation of Levi P. Morton, appointed minister to France. Mr. Morton had carried the district by a majority of 40O0, and Mr. Flower was thought to be heading a forlorn hope. He was elected, none the less, receiving a major- ity of .'ilOO votes. This victory gave him so much prestige in the party that he was strongly supported for the guber- natorial nomination in 1882, receiving on the first ballot 123 votes to 61 for Grover Cleve- land, the successful candidate in the end. At the next convention he was nominated for the office of lieutenant governor on the ticket with David B. Hill. He had protested against this at the time because of his business engagements, and he refused to run. Though he declined a re-election to congress at the ex])iration of his first term, he continued to take a foremost part in the counsels of the Democratic party. In 1888 he was regarded in many (juarters as the proper candidate for the presidency, but the movement in favor of Mr. Cleveland was too strong for ojiposition. In November, 1889, he was elected to the 51st congress, receiving over 12,000 majoritv. MEX OF XI-: W )-ORK -.\r.4XHJTrAX SECT/OX 21 and was re-elected two years later. He did not serve the latter term, however, on account of his election in November, 1H91, by a plurality of 50,000 votes, as governor of New York state. It is a noteworthy fact that Mr. Flower has been elected every time he has been a candidate before the people. This confidence has not been mis- placed ; as he has shown himself a wise and con- servative legislator, and a fearless and efficient exec- utive officer. Not the least of his services in public life — this benefit, fortunately, accruing to all men without regard to party — was his patriotic course in the campaign of 189(i, when he exerted a most powerful influence on the side of sound finance, political honesty, and good government in general. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Roswell Pettibone Flower was Iwrn at Theresa, N. Y., August ~ , 18S5 ; graiiu- ated from tite Theresa LLigh School in 1851 ; was clerk in the post office at IVatertown, N. Y., 1854-60; marrie//txe in 1871, and from Columbia Lam School in 1875 ; was clerk in a New York city law office, 1875-77 ; married Susie C. Sanford of New Haven, Comi., April 26, 1882, and Mrs. Emily Sanford Nelson, sister of his first 7vife, January 31, 189 J/. ; was nominated for justice of the Supreme Court in 1893 ; has practiced law in Netv York city since 1875. SCtb XOW made himself a part of history while still a young man, and his name will long stand for all that is best in the career of a merchant, a public official, and an educator. His father, Abiel Abbot Low, was a man of character and solid attainments, and built up a large tea-importing business in New York. In the neighboring city of Brooklyn Seth Low was born in the mid-century year. Having received an excellent preparatory education at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, he entered Columbia College, and graduated with the class of 1870. His rare mental endowments developed early in life, placing him at the head of his class at Columbia. During his last year in college he attended lectures at the law school, but decided not to continue the course. Conditions favored a lousiness career, and he went to work in his father's establishment. Not- withstanding considerable evidence to the contrary, a college education is still regarded by most com- petent judges as helpful in commercial life. At all events Mr. Low made rapid progress in acquiring practical business knowledge, and mastering the principles of modern commerce. After discharging efficiently the duties of several important executive positions, he was admitted to the firm in 187o. This was followed by election to membership in the New York Chamber of Commerce and in other commercial organizations. Such bodies frequently concern themselves with i|uestions of great impor- tance to the general ijublic, and bring to the solu- tion of the problems involved a high degree of scientific and economic ability. Mr. Low took an active part in these organizations, serving on impor- tant committees, and making addresses concerning the carrying trade and related subjects. Efficient public officials seem to lie best ob- tained from the ranks of able and incorruptible business men. The peojile of Brooklyn took this \iew in 18)^1, when they nominated Mr. Low for the mayoralty as a reform candidate. He was alreadv a man of mark, having attracted favorable notice both in business and in public life. He had been one of the organizers and the first president of the Young Rejiublican Club in Brooklyn, and in like manner one of the founders and first president of the Brooklvn Bureau of Charities. Elected .\rEX OF \Eir YORK' ^ A/A. \HATTAX SECT/OX 23 mayor by a decisive majority, he gained wide- spread fame and unstinted praise by the purity, vigor, and efficiency of his administration. He was the first mayor in the state to introduce the system of competitive examinations for appoint- ments to municipal office. He was re-elected in 1883 and served two years more, finally retiring from the mayor's chair with a national reijutation of the highest char- acter. .\fter an extended trip abroad he resumed his business calling, and con- tinued the same until 1889. The next year he was elected to the presidency of Columbia. The accession of Dr. Low — the de- gree of LL. D. wa.s five times conferred upon him in 1890 — to the presidency of Columbia College will forever mark an epoch in the history of that institu- tion. He was an ideal man for the place. His character, temperament, edu- cation, business experience, and social position all conspired to make his admin- istration brilliantly successful from the start. In 1890 the several departments of instruction, hitherto separate and in- tlependent, were organically united, and placed under the control of a university council created for the purpose ; and the next year the College of Physicians and Surgeons was made an integral part of the corporation. The marvelous growth of the institution under the new order of things necessitated additional build- ings and enlarged equipment generally. In 1892 a committee apjjointed to deter- mine the best location for the new Columbia reported favorably on the site of the Bloomingdale Asylum for the insane on the heights of Morningside park ; and the property was purchased for §2,000,000. In 1895 President Low himself gave the sum of $1,000,000 for a new library building, and other large dona- tions to the college have been made by him. He has energized the institution from end to end, and has set in motion intellectual and moral forces that will benefit for all time the city, state, and nation. Dr. Low is president of the .Archaeological Insti- tute of America, and vice president of the New York Academy of Sciences. He belongs to various prominent clubs, including the City, LTniversity, Century, Metropolitan, .Authors,' Downtown .Asso- ciation, and New Kntrland Society. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Seth Low 7vas born at Brooklyn January 18, 18-')0 ; attended the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute, and graduated from Columbia College in 1870 : jvas employed in his father' s tea 7varehouse, 1870—75, and became a mem- ber of the firm in the latter year : married Annie SI -.Til Liin IV. S. Curtis of Boston December 9, 1880 : was mayor of Brooklyn, 1882-85 ; has been president of Columbia College since 1890. 2). ®. /IDillS, widely and most favorably known for years past as a banker and philanthropist, was born in Westchester county, New York, when the first quarter of the century had nearly run it course. His ancestors may be traced back to early colonial times in this country, and to more remote periods in Scotland and the north of P^ngland. He received an excellent general education at the academy in his native town, and at Mount Pleasant Academy, Sing Sing, which he attended for several years. His father died, however, when Darius was sixteen years 24 MEN OF XEW YORK— MAXHATTAX SECTIOX old ; and soon thereafter the family estate, previously ample for existing and prospective wants, suffered a serious shrinkage. Resolving under such conditions to become self-supporting, the young man betook himself to New York city, and obtained employment as a clerk. />. O. MILLS For the next six years Mr. Mills applied himself unflaggingly to the task of mastering general busi- ness principles and the science of accounting. He succeeded so well in this endeavor, and his ability was so much appreciated, that the position of cashier in the Merchants' Bank of Erie County, Buffalo, was offered to him in 1 >>\~ . He act|uired a third interest in the bank, and would doubtless have become long ago one of the foremost bankers of Buffalo, had not the hand of destiny urged him on to a career far more brilliant elsewhere. The gold discoveries in California fired the ambition of the young banker — not the less because two brothers were already on their way to the new El Dorado. Setting out for the C.olden (late in December, 1,S4h bank, opened its doors six weeks after the disastrous wreck, built up anew the ]josition and credit of the institution, and retired in three years without pay for his services. Mr. Mills is now regarded as a New Yorker, since he has lived there most of the time in recent years. The magnificent office building that bears his name on Broad street — the first of the human hives to challenge the clouds — further identifies him with the metropolis. He has a building in San Francisco, how'ever, of the same size and character ; and he is otherwise connected in substantial ways with the Pacific coast. He still maintains near San Francisco his beautiful country seat of " Millbrae," with its dairy of five hundred cows. Before leaving Cali- fornia he gave most gratifying evidence of his interest in the commonwealth, endowing a chair of philos- ophy in the University of California at an outlay of §75,000, and presenting to the state Larkin G. Meade's remarkable group of statuary, " Columbus before Queen Isabella." Since coming to New York Mr. Mills has concerned himself chiefly with vari- ous forms of organized philanthropy. The " fresh air fund," which sends every summer thousands of poor children from the crowded tenements into the coun- try, has received generous contributions from him. The Mills Training School for male nurses, attached to Bellevue Hospital, was presented by him to the city of New York in 1888. He is now engaged in a comprehensive scheme of scientific charity designed to rescue men from wretched lodging houses, and give them at nominal cost the essential bene- fits of modern hotels. " Mills House No. 1" will accommodate fifteen hun- dred men, and "Mills House No. 2" seven hundred. The buildings will be made of the best material, with all mod- ern improvements in the way of plumb- ing, heating, electrical appliances, and general sanitation. The charge proposed for a bedroom is twenty cents a night, with corresponding restaurant prices. Mr. Mills has contributed generously to many other charities, and to many insti- tutions upholding science and art. One must go a long way to find a more inspiring example of public-spirited citizenship. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Darius Ogden Mills was horn at North Salem, N. V., September •7, 182o ; recei'i'ed an academic education ; was em- ployed as a clerk in New York city, lSH-i7 ; was cashier of the Merchants' Bank of Jirie County, Buffalo, ISJfl—J^S ; engaged in general trading, bank- ing, and tnining in California, with some interruptions, 181^9—79 ; married fane T. Cutiningham of Lrving- ton, N'. Y. , September 5, 185^. ; has lived in New York city since 1879, engaged largely in 7'arious kinds of philanthropic labor. 3. pierpOUt /IDOrgan, the first name in American finance and second only to Rothschild in the world, was born in Hartford, Conn., less than sixty years ago. Descended from a line of New England ancestors, he received great benefit, in- tangible but real, from their frugality, industry, and generally correct habits of life. To his father par- / PIERPOXT .XfORCAX ticularly, the famous banker Junius S. Morgan, a man of the strongest and most admirable character, some of the transmissible virtties of the son may safelv be ascribed. .\/F.\ (>/■■ .\7-;;r vha'K' MAXH.l TT.IX SI-XTIOX Kducated at the Boston High School, and after- ward at the University of (lottingen, tlerraany, Pierpont Morgan cut short his stay abroad at the age of twenty to enter upon a long business career. He began in a humble clerkship in the banking house of Duncan, Sherman & Co., New York city, drudging at a desk in their establishment for alwut two years. His father at this time was a partner of George Peabody, the great banker and philan- thropist ; and in 1860 J. P. Morgan became the United States agent and attorney for the London house of George Peabody & Co. Starting with a small establishment on Exchange Place, Mr. Mor- gan transacted business alone until 18(i4, when he became junior partner in the firm of Dabney, Mor- gan & Co. He continued to enlarge his sphere of influence until 1871, when he had become a recog- nized power in the financial world. His prestige indeed, even at this early date, was such that Drexel & Co. of Philadelphia, one of the oldest and richest of American banking houses, deemed it advantageous to form with him in July, 1871, the famous- firm of Drexel, Morgan & Co. Erecting the next year the white marble building at the corner of Broad and Wall streets, on a lot that cost what was then regarded as an extraordinary figure — SI, 000,000 — the firm became far and away the foremost banking house in the new world, with a corporate capital running into tens of mil- lions. In recent years some changes have been made in the old group of Morgan firms ; and the New York house is now styled J. P. Morgan & Co., the London house J. S. Morgan & Co., the Phila- delphia house Drexel & Co., and the Paris house Morgan, Harjes & Co. 'I'he various houses are leading drawers of international exchange, and transact a general banking business of enormous volume. Their pre-eminence, however, has been most marked of late in a sphere of finance that has become unhappily wide — the rehabilitation of bank- rupt railroad properties. In this most difficult field of finance J. Pierpont Morgan is easily first ; and the remarkably success- ful reorganizations planned and financed by him, show what can be done by genius and character combined, in the restoration of discredited securi- ties. His first notable achievement of this kind was made in 1885, when he took up the hopelessly tangled affairs of the West Shore railroad, straight- ened them out with consummate skill, and sold the property to the New York Central company on terms mutually advantageous under the circum- stances to both vendor and vendee. In this, as in many other undertakings, Mr. Morgan made no charge for his time and eflbrt ; but the directors of the New York Central company showed their appre- ciation of his work by presenting him with a ser- vice of solid gold plate worth $50,000. In 18,S5 he rescued the Baltimore & Ohio company from insolvency, and three years later he reorganized the Reading system, with substantial satisfaction to all the parties interested. In the .same year he recon- structed the Che.sapeake & Ohio, consolidating it with the Big Eour system to the manifest advantage of both properties. In 1895 he carried out suc- cessfully a masterly piece of high finance in the reorganization and symmetrical unification of the various securities underlying the Richmond Ter- minal svstem. Other recent examples of Mr. Mor- gan's capacity in the way of international schemes of reorganization may be found in the rehabilita- tion of the Northern Pacific and the Erie railroad systems. Thousands of people not concerned with invest- ment securities have heard of Mr. Morgan chiefly in connection with his dealings in United States bonds. His part in assisting the government to resume specie payments during the Hayes administration, when he formed a syndicate of capitalists who floated $200,000,000 worth of United States bonds, should not be forgotten. He practically formed a partnershi]j alliance with the United States treasury, and placed behind the government all the enormous influence and power of his banking connections on both sides of the ocean. He did the same thing in P'ebruarv, 1895, taking greater chances then, in the famous |;)urchase of gold-reserve bonds, with the extraordinary pendent contract regarding the pre- vention of gold exportations. In some quarters Mr. Morgan's part in this transaction has been ascribed to selfish motives ; but the verdict of history will confirm the present knowledge of the best informed, that his course throughout the trying times of 1893-90 was patriotic in the highest degree. Mr. Morgan is, of course, a prominent figure in the social world. He belongs to many of the lead- ing metropolitan clubs, and holds important offices in some of them ; but he is not what is called a clubman, having quiet tastes not readily satisfied by the average club. He is little given to display, but maintains establishments consistent with his reason- able needs and station in life. His gifts to charity and to various kinds of organized philanthropy are liberal and judicious. In the limits of this sketch it has been possible merely to skeletonize his charac- ter and career : an adequate presentation of the subject would reveal in John Pierpont Morgan not onlv one of the ablest business men and financiers of ME.y OF XEIf yo/<:h-— .]/.-! XHATTAX SECT/OX the age, but also one of the most large-hearted and public-spirited citizens of the Republic. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Jo/in Pier- pout Morgan was born at Llaitford, Conn. , April 17, 1837 ; Tvas educated in this country and in Germany ; was clerk in a New York banking house, 18'>~~(>0 : has been engaged since 1860, in New Yorl; city and other financial centers, in gen- eral banking, including the purchase and sale of goz'ern7nent botuls, municipal and other corporate securities, the drawing of international exchange, and the reorgan- ization of batikrupt properties. Xevi IP. .flDOrtOU, banker and statesman, was born in Vermont about seventy years ago. After attending com- mon schools up to the age of fifteen, he became a clerk in a country variety store at Enfield, Mass. Two years later he went into the same business at Concord, N. H., and soon afterward took charge of a branch store at Hanover. This was the seat of Dartmouth College, and many professors and students have watched with pleasure the wonderful career of the young man who used to supply their material wants so agreeably. He re- mained at Hanover until he was twenty- five years old, when he went to Boston to become a clerk in the dry-goods house of James M. Beebe & Co. He developed a marked aptitude for busi- ness, and at the end of two years was admitted to the firm. Junius S. Morgan, the distinguished banker of later days, was then a member of the same firm ; and Cornelius N. Bliss, likewise known to fame, was also connected with the house at this time. A branch of the firm was estab- lished in New York city in 1852, and Mr. Morton was detailed as resident manager. By the year 1854 the future vice president had acquired a thor- ough mastery of busine.ss principles in general, and of the particular customs of the dry-goods trade, and he resolved to make the most of himself by estab- lishing a business of his own. Becoming senior partner, accordingly, in the firm of Morton & C.rin- nell, he carried on a successful dry -goods commis- sion business until 1861. In the trying times at- tending the outburst of civil war the firm of Morton & Cirinnell went under, compounding with their creditors for fifty cents on the dollar. The failure was largely due to the repudiation of southern paper. Mr. Morton afterward discharged the obli- gations in full, with interest. Feeling his reverses keenly, and eager to redeem himself, Mr. Morton established in 1863 the bank- ing house of L. P. Morton & Co. His long experi- ence in commercial affairs, acquaintance with busi- I.Ell P. MORTOX ness men, and stainle.ss personal character, brought (|uick success in the new venture. His business had assumed such proportions by 1869 that he deemed it prudent and otherwise desirable to have partner- ship assistance ; and Ceorge T. Bliss, already eminent in the commercial world, formed with him the famous house of Morton, Bliss & Co. The same year Sir John Rose, Canadian minister of finance, joined Mr. Morton in founding the London banking house of Morton, Rose & Co. These two firms, splendidly equipped with capital, experience, re- sponsibility, and character, rapidly gained a fore- most place among the banking houses of the world. The services performed by them in facilitating the resumption of specie payments and the funding of 28 .UK.\ OF XEir )CKK — MAXHAr/AX SKCT/OX the national debt were incalculable. I'hey took a prominent part in the syndicates that negotiated United States bonds, in the payment of the Geneva award of 81 '),r)0(l, ()()(), and the Halifax fishery award of 85,500,000 ; and the London house acted as fiscal agents of the United States government from 1873 until 1884. Both concerns are recognized the world over as pillars of financial strength, hel]j- ing to support the business fabric of both hemi- spheres. Brought up in a New England country town, where all good men took a lively interest in public affairs, Mr. Morton long ago entered actively into political life. Defeated for congress in 1876, he was elected two years later. He was widely known, of course, as an expert adviser on financial ijuestions, and his work in congress was largely devoted to such subjects. It is worthy of note in view of recent political history that Mr. Morton saw unerr- ingly at this early period the perils of silver coin- age, and made various speeches in which the prin- ciples of sound finance as set forth by the Republican party in the campaign of 1896 were clearly defined. He declined the nomination for vice president in 1880, and was re-elected to congress in the same year. Offered by President Carfield the navy portfolio or the post of minister to France, he cho.se the latter, and resigned his seat in congress. He was already well and favorably known in France, both from his business operations, and from his appoint- ment in 1878 as honorary commissioner to the Paris Exposition. He maintained at the French capital an establishment consistent with the dignity and importance of the government he represented, and the appreciative Parisians changed the name of the park fronting his mansion to the F/ace lii's Etats Unis. Through his intercession the restriction upon the importation of American pork was removed, though afterward revived ; and American corpora- tions obtained a legal status in France. He rep- resented the United States at the submarine-cable convention, and publicly received for the people of this country the Bartholdi statue of Liberty enlight- ening the world. Having returned to America in July, 1885, Mr. Morton resumed his prominent position among the leaders of the Republican party. In 1887 he was a strong candidate for the office of United States senator, as he had been, indeed, two years earlier. In 1888 he was elected vice president of the United States, and filled that office during Harrison's term. He presided over the senate with dignity and im- partiality, and came to be exceedingly liked bv the members of the upper house without regard to party. On his retirement from the vice presidency the senators gave him a banijuet at the Arlington hotel as a formal recognition of their regard. His social position at Wa.shington was brilliant, as it had been during his congressional service ten years before. In November, 1894, he was elected govern- or of New York, and served in that most respon- sible position for the next two years. His adminis- tration of the affairs of the Empire State was marked by careful scrutiny of legislative measures, jtidicious use of the appointing power, and con- ■scientious devotion to the manifold duties of his office. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Levi Parsoiu Morton was hont at Sliorcham, Vt. , May 16, 182^ : was a 7nember of the dry- goods hoitse of James M. Beehe e^■ Co., 1851—52/., and of the firm of Morton c^■ Grinnell, Neiv York city, 1854-61 ; established the banking house of L. P. Morton i5^ Co. , now Morton, Bliss c?- Co., in 1863, ami the London house of Morton, Rose &" Co. in 1869 ; married Lucy Kim- ball of Flatlands, L. /., October 15, 1856, and Anna Livingston Street of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. , February 12, 1873 ; 7i/as member of congress, 1879—81, minis- ter to France, 1881-85, vice president of the United States, 1889-93, and governor of New York state, 1895-96. IbOraCC IPOrtCr, for many years one of the best known and most respected men in the public eye, has enriched the prestige of a family name alreadv full of honors. His father was governor of Pennsylvania ; his grandfather rendered many valu- able services to the patriots' cause throughout the Revolution : and other members of the family have contributed to the splendor of the common name. Thus preciously endowed at birth with latent virtues, Horace Porter entered upon his brilliant career with every omen favorable. His early education was received at the Harrisburg Academy, and at Law- renceville, N. J., near Princeton College, for which he prepared. The soldier's blood in his veins, how- ever, filled him with desire for a martial training, and in order to secure an appointment at the United States Military Academy he entered the scientific department of Harvard College in 1854. The next year he succeeded in getting his appointment, and became a cadet at West Point July 1, 1855. His class took a course of five years — only one other class has done this — and he did not graduate until July, 1860, having the third rank then in a mem- bership of forty-one. He chose the ordnance arm of the service, his mind havini; a remarkable MKX OF \Eir ]'OKk' - .^r.WHATTAX SECTfOX 29 mechanical Ijent. As a boy he had delighleil to study the machinery in his father's iron works, and when only twelve years old he invented a water gauge for boilers that was successfully applied. Later in life he invented various ingenious mechanical devices, including the ticket-canceling boxes used by the elevated railways in New York city. After remaining at West Point a little while as instructor in artillery, and serv- ing in other stations a few months, Lieu- tenant Porter completed his theoretical studies in the very nick of time for ter- ribly practical application. Ordered to duty in the South at the beginning of the Civil War, he served throughout the conflict with a valor and a wealth of achievement that defy adequate presen- tation within narrow limits. After par- ticipating in the expedition under Sher- man and Dupont against Port Royal, as first lieutenant of ordnance, he became chief of artillery, and had charge of the batteries at the capture of Fort Pulaski April 10, 1862. His conduct on this occasion was such that he was brevetted captain, and was also presented with one of the swords captured from the enemy. Two months later he took part in the assault on Secessionville, S. C, and was wounded in the hand by a piece of shell. Made chief of ordnance of the Army of the Potomac in July, LSli'J, he remained on McClellan's stafi' until after the battle of Antietam in September of that year, when he was transferred to the Army of the Ohio. In January, 1863, he was transferred to the Army of the Cumber- land, and for the next eight months was engaged in general staff duty in the field. He took part in the advance on Chattanooga, and in the battle of Chick- amauga, where he particularly distinguished himself In this campaign he first met Oeneral Grant, who was so much pleased with the young captain that he made him his aid-de-camp, with the rank of lieuten- ant colonel and later that of colonel. Serving with General Grant in the field until the end of the war, he participated in all the battles of the Wilderness campaign, in the siege of Richmond and Peters- burg, and in the closing scenes at Appomattox. During the war he was six times promoted " for gallant, faithful, and meritorious service." On March 13, 1865, he was brevetted brigadier general in the L^nited States army. .\lter the close of the war he remained at army headijuarters in Washington with (leneral Grant, except when the latter sent him on tours of army- post inspection in the South and on the Pacific coast. His relations with General (Iraiit were of HORACE PORTER the most confidential and delightful nature. He served as his private secretary, in charge of his executive business, during the President's first ad- ministration ; and always thereafter he continued to be his intimate and trusted friend. Having resigned from the army in 1873, General Porter entered into active business life. He has concerned himself largely with transportation interests, having been a prime mover in the construction of the West Shore railroad, and the first president of the company. He has been a director in many railroads and other corporations. He is regarded a.s an able adviser whenever financial operations are undertaken by the great capitalists of the country. He is at present chairman of the board of the St. Louis & San Francisco Railroad Co. ?,() .]//■: X (I/-' .w-.'/r i'oA'A' MAXNA yy.ix sEcr/o.y (leneral Porter holds a most enviable position in the social world. He is president of the Cirant Monument Association, having raised the money for the great general's mausoleimi. He is also president of the Union League t'hib, and has mem- bership in various other similarly prominent organi- zations. An accomplished linguist and a great lover of literature, he is him.self a graceful and vigorous writer, contributing frequently to the periodicals of the day. He is a brilliant racontfur and a felicitous public speaker. Union College conferred on him the degree of LL. D. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Honii-e Por- ter was horn at Huntingdon, Penn., April 15, 1SS7 : leias educated at the Harrishurg (Penn.) Academy, at the Lawrence Scientific School (Harvard), and at West Point, whence he graduated in 1860 : sen! 1880 ,• 7uas a member of the New York assembly, 1882— SJ^ ; 7oas a delegate to the Republican national con7'ention in 188^., and candidate for mayor of New York city in 1886 ; married Edith K. Caroiv of New York city December 2, 1886 ; was United States civil-service commissioner, 1889-05 ; has been /resident of the board of police commissioners of New May. 180.-,. 3. ]£C»war& Simmons is stiii life, hut he seems older because he York city since in the prime of became so long THEODOKF. RUOSK I HI. T ago one of the most distinguished financiers in the country. Starting in life with priceless qualities of mind and character inherited from a long line of worthy ancestors, he followed up this advantage by getting a liberal education in college and law school. He then j^racticed law for four years in his native city of Troy. Deciding wisely, though not without some risk of error, that a greater career awaited him in another place and another calling, he boldly abandoned the law, and established himself in New York city as a banker. The result amply justified his course, and in a itw years he had attained a rank among the foremost financiers of the metropolis. His prestige was such by the year 1884 that he was elected president of the New York Stock Exchange, receiving a larger number of votes than had been 32 MEX OF X/-:ir ](iRh- -MAXHAVTAX SECT/OX given to any previous candidate in a contested elec- tion. No salary is attached to this office, but the honor of incumbency is highly prized, as the re- sponsibility is most weighty. Re-elected president in 1885, Mr. Simmons declined to run a third time. His retirement from the office occasioned the iiassatic J. EDWARD SIMMONS of highly complimentary resolutions by the Ex- change, and the presentation of a beautiful gold watch, .suitably inscribed, by the members of the governing committee. Soon after this something happened to Mr. Sim- mons that is almost without precedent in the annals of banking. Without knowing a single director of the institution or owning anv stock therein, he was invited to accept the presidency of the Fourth Na- tional Bank. He had never set foot in the bank even, and the offer came to him solely on the strength of his surpassing ability and fiawle.ss record during twenty years in Wall street. Accepting the high trust thus tendered, Mr. Simmons has made the " Fourth National " one of the five leading banks of the country. With a capital of over three million dollars, deposits of about thirty millions, and an ag- gregate annual volume of business of five billion dol- lars, the Fourth National Bank may well require at its head a man of stainless character, a banker of l>roved rapacity, and a financier of the very first rank in every respect. 'I'hat Mr. Simmons is all this may be seen not only in the history of the bank during his administration, but as well in his multiform achievements in general finance outside that institution. In the ])anic of 1893 he was one of the strongest pillars that supported the tottering com- mercial fabric, serving on the Loan Committee that did so much to arrest the flood of demoralization. Through- out the trying times since then he has wielded a giant's strength in the life- and-death struggle between sound finance and ruin. In recent months he has taken a prominent part in the reorgan- ization of bankrupt railways, where his exceptional skill in finance and high standing in the banking world are of the utmost value. The railroad across the isthmus of Panama, which has had a re- markably prosperous career, is managed by an American board of directors, but is owned chiefly by French investors. The latter require an efficient and trust- worthy executive head, and in 1895 they elected Mr. Simmons ]jresident of the Panama Railway Co., and of the tribu- tary Columbian line of steamers. In the same year he was chosen a vice president of the New York Chamber of Commerce for a term of four years. In October, 189(j, he was unanimously chosen president of the New York Clearing House Association, one of the highest ])Ositions attainable anywhere in the banking world. Consistently with his character and attainments, Mr. Simmons has frequently been solicited to let his name appear in connection with high places in pub- lic life. Having no ambition in such directions and a clear field of duty elsewhere, he has uniformlv rejected such overtures. In 1881, however, he ac- cepted an appointment from Mayor (irace as com- missioner of education, and a reappointment the next year from Mayor Edson : and he served as president of the board for five successive terms trom 1886. In recognition of his gratuitous work in the cause of education the degree of LL.D. was MEX OF XEl\- yOA'A'— JM X/y.4 rj-.-l X SECT/OX 33 conferred upon him in 1885 by the University of Norwich, Vermont. He is a director of several charitable organizations, president of the New York Infant Asylum, and a governor of the New York Hospital. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Joseph Ed- ward Simmons rvas horn at Trov, N. V., September 9, IS^l : graduated from Williams College in 1862, and from the Albany Lata School in 1863 ; practiced law in Troy, 1868-67 ; tnarried Julia Greer of New York city April 12, 1866 ; was president of the New York Stock Exchange, 188^.-85, and of the board of education of New York city, 1886-91 ; tvas made president of the New York Clearing House Association in October, 1896 : has been engaged in banking in New York citv since 1888. CbarleS a. Dana, the Nestor of American journalism, was born in New Hampshire seventy-seven years ago. He spent his boyhood in Buffalo, N. Y., serving as clerk in his uncle's dry-goods store for seven years. The panic of LS37 having terminated this employ- ment, he took up the study of Latin at the age of nineteen, and otherwise fitted himself to enter Harvard College in 1839. Serious eyesight trouble forced his retirement from Harvard at the end of his sophomore year ; but the college authorities afterward gave him his de- gree. In 1842 he joined the famous colony at Brook Farm, West Roxbury, Mass., in the attempt to combine intel- lectual and social ideals with fertilization of the soil and the milking of cows. Of the distinguished farmer-philosophers thus assembled, including Hawthorne, Curtis, Alcott, Channing, and Ripley, Mr. Dana is .said to have given most promise of ultimate success as a tiller of the .soil. After two years' editorial and general work on Elizur Wright's daily news- paper, the Boston Chronotvpc, at a sti- pend of five dollars weekly, Mr. Dana went to New York in P'ebruary, IX-tT, to become city editor of the New York Tribune, at a salary of ten dollars a week. The next year he spent eight months in P^urope, supporting himself and family by writing letters to several newspapers. Going back to the Trib- une, he remained on that paper until April 1, 1862. He was Horace Greeley's right-hand man during all these years, and as one of the proprietors and managing editor of the paper had an em- phatic voice in its affairs. The progress of the great journal in the decade preceding the Rebellion must be ascribed in a large degree to his newspaper talent. Without disparaging Mr. Greeley's bril- liancy as a writer, power as a moral leader, and strangely winning personality, one may still main- tain that these and other valuable qualities of the founder of the Tribune do not wholly explain the splendid success of the paper at that time. An es- sential factor in the general result was Mr. Dana's staff organization, his comprehensive sense regard- ing news, his firm maintenance of a consistent policy, his imperturbable, balance-wheel adjustment of the great engine. CHARLHS A. DAXA Variance of opinion between Mr. (jreeley and Mr. Dana regarding the proper conduct of the Civil War led to Mr. Dana's resignation from the Tribune in the spring of 1862. He was at once intrusted with important missions for the war department by 34 ME\ OF .VEir yORK~MAXHATrA\ SECTION Secretary Stanton, and was made assistant secretary of war in 1863. From that time until the fall of Richmond he was, in Lincoln's phrase, " the eyes of the government at the front." Spending much of his time in the saddle, wherever conflict was most imminent or the fortunes of war most precari- ous, he became the chief living link between the war department and the generals at the front, and rendered invaluable service to Lincoln and Stanton in their assignment of commands and general over- sight of the army. At great crises of the war he sent to Secretary Stanton daily or hourly dispatches, which were so vivid and accurate and complete in essentials that the secretary could see with his own eyes the whole situation. Mr. Dana's judgment of men was unerring, and was so regarded by the President and his secretary of war. In the early summer of 1863, for example, when a strong effort was making to depose tyrant from command, Mr. Dana sent dispatches from Vicksburg containing facts that strongly tended to prevent such a step ; and a colossal blunder was thus averted. After the war Mr. Dana became editor of the Chicago Republican for about a year. When that enterprise failed, from causes not connected with the editorial management of the paper, he returned to New York and acquired control of the Sun. Issuing the first number under the new management January 27, 1868, he has ever since been solely responsible for the conduct of the paper. He has identified himself more thoroughly with the Sun than has any other living journalist with any other paper. He is regarded by many as the foremost journalist in America. Whatever else may be true of a Sun editorial, its sparkling, vigorous, idiomatic Engli.sh cannot be denied. Many of Mr. Dana's leading articles might be cited in rhetorical te.xt-books as models of style and diction. Similar, if not equal, literary excellence characterizes the Sun throughout ; for Mr. Dana dominates the whole paper, and not merely the editorial page. The part of the Sun given up to news is widely noted for its entertaining quality. Mr. Dana welcomes whatever is refreshing or picturesque in language, if it be also simple and unaffected. As for the matter itself rather than its verbal dress, the essential element there, according to his standards, is human interest. Any fact — or fancy, as for that — which if skillfully presented will interest mankind, may properly be treated by a daily journal. In the pages of the Sun, accordingly, one may fmd not only the conventional news of the day, but also numerous items or articles regarding science, art, philosophy, humor, literature. Mr. Dana belongs to the American Geographical Society, the New England Society, the Sons of the American Revolcition, and .some other similar or- ganizations ; but he is not a clubman. He goes almost daily to his unpretentious office in Nassau street, and linds his pleasure otherwise in his home, his books, and his beautiful estate at Dosoris, near Glen Cove, Long Island. He is a veritable poly- glot, knowing familiarly many of the spoken lan- guages outside the oriental tongues. His admira- tion for the Bible is boundless, and Dante has iieen his intimate for thirty years. Having never ex- perienced a single hour of serious illness in his life, he still works hard six days in the week, no older now at the age of seventy-seven than most men at fifty. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Charles An- derson Dana was born at Hinsdale, N. H., Aut^ust 8, 1819 : was clerk in a dry-goods store in Buffalo, 18S0-37 ; attended Harvard College, 1839-^1 ; lived at Brook Farm, 1842-^7 ; married Eunice Macdan- iel of New York city March 2, 18^6 ; worked on the Bos/on " Chronotype," 18Ji.Ji.-Ji!7 , and on the Nerv York '• Tribune,'" 1847-^8 ; was foreign corre- spondent in European capitals in 184.8 : 7vas a pro- prietor and managing editor of the New York ' ' Trib- une, ^^ 1849-62; was assistant secretary of war, 1863-65 ; has been editor and chief owner of the Neio York ' ' Sun ' ' since January, 1868. Mtlliam 1R. (Brace, formerly mayor of New York, and otherwise known in many lands from his importance in the world of commerce, was born in Ireland sixty-four years ago. He spent most of his bovhood in Dublin and vicinity, but found life there so little to his taste that he ran away to sea. Landing in New York in 1846, he entered the serv- ice of a shipping house, and there acquired the liking for the business with which he has ever since had more or less to do. When about eighteen years old he recrossed the Atlantic, and established in Liver- pool the .shipping firm of W. R. Grace & Co. This enterprise was fairly successful, but was not suffi- ciently promising to satisfy Mr. Grace. Becoming interested in Peru, he went thither in 18.t1. He visited Lima and Callao, entered the employ of the firm of John Bryce & Co., dealers in ship stores and chandlery in Callao, and afterwards became a partner in the concern. The firm pros- pered exceedingly, accjuiring the control in a few years of most of the foreign shipping trade on the west coast of South America. Various branch houses and interrelated concerns were established from time to time, at convenient shipping centers. MK.y OF .VEir VORK—MAXNATTAX SECT/OX 35 as the business developed, including the firms of W. R. Grace & Co., New York, M. P. Grace & Co., London, J. \V. Grace & Co., San Francisco, Grace Brothers & Co., Lima and Callao, and Grace & Co., Valparaiso, Santiago, and Concepcion. Mr. Grace, together with his brothers, Michael P. and John VV., and his nephew, Edward Eyre, held a controlling interest in all of these firms. In 1895 the business of these concerns was transferred to the corporation of W. R. Grace & Co., of which Mr. Grace is president, and all of the houses now bear that name. The corporation of W. R. Grace & Co. controls the New York & Pacific Steamship Co., Ltd., which has a fleet of five large and specially constructed freight steamers regularly employed in the trade between New York and the west coast of South America, carrying kerosene, dry goods, and articles of American manufacture to Chile, Peru, and Ecuador, and returning with cargoes of wool, cotton, and nitrate of soda. Of the last-named article Mr. Grace's firm is the heaviest importer in the country, besides shipping the product largely to European ports. Spending much of his time earlier in life in traveling between South America, Europe, and the United States, Mr. Grace opened his permanent office in New York city in 1S65, and has ever since regarded the metropolis as business and home headquarters. He soon be- came widely and favorably known in commercial circles, and was called upon to fill many ])ositions of trust and respon- sibility. He has been president of the Export Lumber Co., and has held directorates in the Lincoln National Bank and the F^migrant Indus- trial Savings Bank. He is president of the Inger- soll-Sergeant Drill Co., and takes an active part in the management of the business. He is a trustee of the Terminal Warehouse Co., the Terminal Im- provement Co., the New York Life Insurance Co., the United States Casualty Co., and the Roman Catholic Orphan Asylum. He is president of the Sevilla Home for Girls. Becoming interested in political affairs, Mr. Grace rose rapidly to prominence in the Democratic party, and received the nomination for the mayoralty in 1880. Elected to this high office, he so arranged his private affairs that he could devote all his time to municipal matters. His administration was re- garded with so much favor that in 1884, after an absence from the mayor's chair of one term, he was again elected to the position of chief magistrate. Many readers will recall Mr. Grace's magnificent gift to his mother countrv at the time of the famine U7/.l/.-l.\f R. GRACE in 1879, when the New York Herald organized a relief movement, and the United States ship " Con- stellation ' ' was assigned to carry the cargo to the stricken country. Mr. Grace on that occasion con- tributed personally half of the entire cargo, besides providing without charge all the clerical .services connected with the undertaking. The total amount of his contribution was not far from 850,000. Mr. Grace belongs to various prominent clubs, including the Manhattan, Downtown Association, Lawyers,' Reform, Country, Democratic, Catholic, and Metropolitan. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGV—JI '////am Rus- se/l Grace was born at R/vers/de, Cove of Cork, Ire- land, in 18SS ; came to the Un/tcd States in 1SM>, 80 AfEA OF XEII- VORK—MAXHATTAX SECT/OX ami entered the service of a sJiippIng house ; married Liliius Gilclirest of St. George, Me. , in 1859 ; was mayor of New Yori; city, 1881-82 and 1885-80 : ha.i engaged extensii'ely in the shipping trade, export- ing, and importing, icith iieadqiiarters in N'erc Yori; city, since 1865. AXSOX C. .VCCODA' HllSOU <5. /IDcCOOh, belonging to a family famous for its fighters, has himself perpetuated this ancestral distinction, and has besides gained fame in other and no less worthy ways. Born in Steuben- ville, Ohio, in 1835, he received a common-school education in the neighboring town of New Lisbon. The spirit of adventure, always ]jrominent in the family and at times irrei)ressil)le, sent the young man forth in 1854, bound for California in one of the historic wagon trains that trailed their slow way overland forty years ago. Everything was in a state of flux on the Coast at that time, and he returned to Ohio in 1859, for the purpose of read- ing law in his cousin's office. He was admitted to the bar, but never became a practicing lawyer. He had almost com]jleted his legal studies when the Civil War broke out. His name would not have been McCook if he had not dropped everything else, and thrown him- self into the conflict. Raising a company of volun- teers on the first call for troops — the first company to enter the service from eastern Ohio — he was elected captain, and served as such with the 2d Ohio infantry in the bloody bapti.sm of fire at Bull Run. Upon the reorganization of his regiment for three years he was made major, and ultimately colonel, serving in the Army of the Cumberland under Buell, Rose- crans, and Thomas. He ])articipated in many of the battles in the West, in- cluding those at Perryville, Murfrees- boro. Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge. He was also with Sherman in the Atlanta campaign, where he took part in the battle of Re.saca, and com- manded a brigade at the battle of Peach- tree Creek, near Atlanta, July 19-20, I8(i4. When the 2d Ohio was mustered out at the close of its three years' term of enlistment, he was appointed colonel of the 194th Ohio, ordered to the valley of Virginia, and assigned to the com- mand of a brigade. At the close of the war he was brevetted brigadier general of volunteers "for gallant and meritori- ous services." Similar honors were be- stowed upon others of the "fighting McCooks." Returning to Ohio, (General McCook remained there for about seven years as United States assessor of internal reve- nue. He then took up his residence in New York, and became interested in the La7ii ynu/nai of ihat city. When he had been there about three years he was elected to congress on the Republican ticket from the 8th New York district, and was twice re-elected, serving six years alto- gether, in the 45th, 46th, and 47th congresses. In December, 188,S, he was chosen by the United States senate secretary of that body, and held the position until .August, 1893. He became a great favorite with the members of the upper house, irrespective of jjarty. Returning to New York in 1893, when the Democrats obtained control of the senate, he devoted himself to business until August, 1895, when he was appointed chamberlain of the city of New York by Mayor Strong. General McCook's name has constantly been mentioned in MEX OF AEIV VORK-~.\/AXHArTAX SECT/OX recent years in connection with various high ofifices, and his appointment was widely apjiroved. General McCook is a prominent member of the Union League Club and of the Republican Club. He belongs also to the Ohio Society and to the Loval Legion. He is very much liked by a multi- tude of friends in all parts of the country. PERSO NA L CHR O N O LOGY— A nsoii George McCook was born at Steiiheiwillc, O., October 10, 1835 ; was eJucated in public schools in Oiiio : studied /aw in Steiibemille, and was admitted to tlie bar in 1802 : served in t/ie dnion army tltroughout tlic 7var : was United States assessor of internal revenue at Steubenville, 1865-72 ; was member of congress from the 8th New York district, 1877-88; married Hettie B. McCook of Steubenville June 3, 1886 ; was secretary of the United States senate, 1883-93 : has been chamberlain of the city of New York since August, 1805, having been appointed to that office by Mayor IVm. L. Strong. 1l5enrv> Cowman iPotter, seventh bishop of the Protestant Kpiscopal dio- cese of New York, belongs to a dis- tinguished and talented family. His father, .\lonzo Potter, was a bishop in the Kpiscopal church for twenty years, and attained wide renown for his ad- ministrative genius and surpassing intel- lectual powers. Born at Schenectady, N. Y., about si.xty years ago, the present bishop obtained his preparatory educa- tion at the Philadelphia Academy of the Kpiscopal church. I'his was supple- mented bv a course at the Theological Seminary of Virginia, from which he graduated in lf<57. Receiving deacon's orders in the same year and jjriest's orders the next year, he served as rector of Christ Church, (ireensburg, Penn., from July, LS.")!, until May, 1859. At the latter date he was transferred to Troy, N. Y., where he had charge of St. John's for the next seven years. In ISi;;! he was chosen president of Kenyon College, Camliier, Ohio, but declined the office. His father had lieen the virtual president of Union College for several years, and Kenyon would lui- doubtedly have benefited greatly from Bishop Potter's administration, had he thought it wise to undertake the charge. After an interval of two years in Boston as assist- ant minister of Trinity, which Phillips Brooks afterward made famous in all Christian lands, Bishop Potter became rector of Grace Church, New York city, in May, 1868. For sixteen years he labored in that pastorate, attaining wide influence both within and without the church. In 1883 his uncle, Bishop Horatio Potter, who had then pre- sided over the diocese of New York for twenty-two years with rare ability and success, asked for an assistant ; and the General Convention of the church, sitting in Philadelphia at the time, unani- mously elected Dr. Henry C. Potter to the posi- tion. He was consecrated October 20, 1883, in the presence of forty-three bishops and three hun- dred clergy. By formal instruments the aged bi.shop, already failing in health, resigned the entire care of the diocese into the hands of his assistant. This responsibility the latter has continued to bear ///•A AT I i>n.\fA.\ POTTER ever since, having succeeded to the full title on the death of Bishop Horatio Potter January 2, 1887. The diocese is the largest in the ignited States in point of population, its territory containing over 38 MEX OF .\Eir YORK— MAX fiATTA.X SECT/OX 2,000,000 souls. More than 200 parishes and chapels, nearly 400 clergy, and about 60,000 com- municants, are included in Bishop Potter's diocese ; and about $3,000,000 is obtained therefrom every year for the support of the church. Dr. Potter is naturally one of the chief members of the house of bishops. For many years he was a manager of the board of mi.ssions ; and from 1860 until 1883 he was secretary of the house of bishops. Union College conferred upon him the degree of A. M. in 1863, that of D. D. in 1865, and that of LL. D. in 1877 ; and Trinity College made him an LL. D. in 1881 and a D. D. in 1883. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Henry Cod- man Potter was born at Schenectady, N. Y. , A/ay 25, 18-35 ; was educated at the Episcopal Academy in Philadelphia, and at the Theological Seminary of Virginia, whence he graduated in 1857 ; was rector of Christ Church, Greenshi/rg, Penn., 1857-59, of St. John's, Troy, 1859-66, and of Grace Church, New York, 1868-83 ; was assistant bishop of the diocese of New York, 1883-86, and has been bishop thereof since 1887. Milliam %. Strong, reform mayor of New York city for the term 1805-97, and previously prominent in the business and financial world, was born in Richland county, Ohio, somewhat less than seventy years ago. Like so many other eminent men, Mayor Strong made his way to fame and fortune without the aid of a college education. He attended the common schools of his native county, but had no further scholastic opportunities. It is clear, however, that much of the value of the higher education comes from the disciplinary train- ing therein received ; and this advantage Mayor Strong obtained in ample measure in the long and rigid business experience of his youth and early manhood. Losing his father at the age of thirteen, he was thrown thenceforth on his own resources to a large extent. Becoming clerk in a dry-goods store in Wooster, Ohio, and afterward, at a better salary, in Mansfield, Ohio, he not only maintained himself, but contributed materially to the support of rela- tives. Having concluded that New York city offered advantages in a business way superior to those of any inland town, the future chief magistrate betook himself in 1853 to the metropolis. He first obtained employment with L. O. Wilson & Co., dealers in dry goods, with whom he remained as a salesman for four and a half years. After their failure in the crash of 1857 he obtained a clerkship in the dry-goods house of Farnham, Dale & Co. Learning every (jart of the business, and acquiring a larger and larger share of responsibility in its affairs, he rose steadily from one executive position to another until he finally became the head of the firm ; and in 1870 the style of the old concern, which had already undergone radical changes, adapted itself completely to the new facts by taking the form " W. L. Strong & Co." The firm has had a prosperous career since Mr. Strong became its head, and has long ranked among the leading con- cerns of the country in its important line of trade. In New York city a man cannot become a great leader in one kind of business without finding plenty of opportunities to employ his talents in other fields as well. This fact is strikingly brought out by the long and significant list of enterprises with which Mayor Strong has concerned himself. He was presi- dent of the Central National Bank — a position in itself sufficient to absorb all the business energy of the average man — and is now vice president of the New York Security & Trust Co. The list of his directorates takes one over a wide range of financial activity, covering the Erie railroad, New York Life Insurance Co., Mercantile Trust Co., Plaza Bank, and Hanover Fire Insurance Co. Add to this the fact that he is treasurer of St. John's Guild, and a few other things in various institutions, and his capacity as an executive man of affairs may be in some degree appreciated. Colonel Strong — to use his common but wholly honorary title — was all this long before the fall of 1894, and the fact was widely known in business circles ; but his sudden elevation at that time to the mayor's chair brought his character and his history into strong relief. The fierce light which beats upon a throne is less intense than the calcium glare of hostile fire turned upon the candidate for high political honors. In this case the test was more than usually severe from the peculiar circumstances of the New York city election in 1894. The startling revelations of corruption in the police department of New York made by the Lexow com- mittee had roused the citizens to vigorous action ; and at a meeting held in Madison Square Garden in September, 1894, a non-partisan "Committee of Seventy" was appointed to frame a platform defining the principles of good municipal govern- ment, and to select candidates for the leading offices soon to be filled. Colonel Strong was chosen by this committee to carry the standard of the reform- ers. A greater honor than this in the range of municipal politics can hardly be conceived. Elected to the mayoralty of the chief city of the nation after a campaign remarkable in many ways. Colonel Strong came to the office unpledged to ME.X OF .VEIV VORK^MAXHATTA.X SECT/OX any one, with a clean record, and determined to fulfill so far as in him lay the letter and the spirit of the platform underlying his election. His term of office has still some time to run, but enough has been accomplished already to justify the statement that Mayor Strong's administration will mark an epoch in the government of New York city. Two great departments of munici- i pal economy — those of street cleaning I and of police — have been thoroughly reorganized, and raised to a plane of high efficiency ; large amounts of money have been saved in various branches of the service ; and the administration gen- erally has been characterized by purity of motive, business-like execution, and substantial success. In the social world Colonel Strong has naturally been a prominent figure for many years. He has been president of the Ohio Society of New York, and is now president of the Wool Club ; he is also vice president of the Union League Club, where he is exceedingly popular. He is a member of various other promi- nent clubs, including the Metropolitan, Republican, New York Athletic, Colo- nial, and Merchants.' He belongs like- wise to many associations devoted to science and art. PERSONAL CHR OXOL OGY — William L. Strong was horn at Loudenville, O. , March 22, 1827 ; ivas a clerk in dry- goods houses in Ohio and New York city, 18^2-62 ; married Mary Ahorn of New York city April 25, 1860 : 7oas a metnber ' of the Jinn of Sutton, Smith ^y Co., 1803- 69, and has been head of the dry-goods house of W. L. Strong b" Co. since Janu- ary 1, 1870 : was elected mayor of New York city in 189 J^ for the term 1895-97. Benjamin ff. 'CraCV has been prominent in public life ever since he ran for the office of district attorney in Tioga county over forty years ago, and carried his new Whig ticket to success in a Demo- cratic stronghold. As a young man he had a dis- tinguished career in the Southern Tier, and crowned it with a brilliant war record. Since then he has nationalized his fame, and has gained a secure posi- tion among the jurists and statesmen of the country. Born in Owego, N. Y. , during Jackson's second year in the White House, young Tracy accjuired an excellent general education in the common schools and academy of his native town. He then read law in a local office, gained admittance to the bar in the year of his majority, and began his long career as a lawyer by trying cases in the village court. Becom- ing favorably known in this way, he received the nomination for the office of district attorney in U'/LL/.I.U I.. STROXC, November, l^ioo, and carried the day. He was re- elected three years later, defeating the Democratic candidate, Gilbert C. Walker, afterward governor of Virginia. The two were personal friends, though political foes, and they formed a law partnership just after the election. In 1861 a combination of Republicans and war Democrats sent Mr. Tracy to the state assembly, where he at once took a high stand as a debater and efficient legislator. In the spring of 1862 Governor Morgan made Mr. Tracy one of a committee to promote volunteer- ing for the Civil War in the counties of Broome, Tioga, and Tompkins. After personally recruiting two regiments, the 109th and the 137th, Mr. Tracy accepted the colonelcy of the former, and reported 40 MEN OF NEW YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION for duty at Baltimore. In the spring of 1864 his regiment joined the 9th corps of the Army of the Potomac, and participated in the battle of the Wil- derness. Exhausted by his exertions in the fight, Colonel Tracy was carried off the field near the close of the battle ; but he refused to go to the hospital. BEXJAMIS /■: TR.UV and continued to lead his men throughout the three days' fight at Spottsylvania. Quite collapsing after this, he was forced to recover his health at the North, where he was put in command of the military po.st at Klmira, N. Y. Ten thousand prisoners were there at that time : and twelve years later the accu- sation was made in the house of representatives by a member from (jeorgia that cruelties et[ual to those of the southern prisons were practiced at Elmira. Colonel Tracy replied at length in denial of the charge, and his defense was convincingly sustained by some of his own political opponents. Entering the law firm of Benedict, Burr & Bene- dict in New York city after the close of the war, Mr. Tracv has ever since been iirominent at the New York bar. His name has appeared on one side or the other of many celebrated cases, including the Tilton-Beecher trial ; and his clients have included some of the largest individual litigants and most im- portant corporations in the land' His practice has been somewhat interrupted by reason of judicial and Ijolitical office-holding ; but he has been able during much of the time, by leav- ing to others routine and detail work, to take charge of manv important cases. 'i'aking up once more the public life of Mr. Tracy, we have first to note his appointment in October, 1866, as Unit- ed States district attorney for the eastern district of New York. During the first two years of his term he gave particular attention to the prevention of revenue frauds by whiskey distillers, drawing up for this purpose a bill, afterward enacted into law, which secured for the national treasury in one year $5(),U0U,000 in- stead of the $13,000,000 collected in the previous twelvemonth. In Decem- ber, 1881, he was appointed by the gov- ernor of New York an associate justice of the state Court of Appeals : the ap- ])ointment was made to fill a vacancy, and he held the office until January, 1883. As secretary of the navy throughout President Harrison's administration, Mr. Tracy has become best known in his later life. At once on taking office he entered zealously into the work of re- Ijuilding the United States navy. The necessity for this had already been recognized by the government, and something had been accomplished in this direction ; but it is largely due to Secretary Tracy's efficient efforts that the United States, at the close of Harrison's administra- tion, ranked sixth among the great naval powers of the world. When he took charge of the depart- ment, armor-clad construction had just begun, three armored vessels having been launched in 1888 : but so rapidly did he push on the work that when he resigned his portfolio the navy contained thirteen such vessels, and several more were ready for service within the year. The plan for maintaining a naval militia in the seaboard states also received his active support ; and he was instrumental in securing from congress, in March, 1891, an appropriation for the armament of these forces. FEJiS ONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Benjamin Franklin Tracy was horn at O^vego, N. K, April A/EX OF NEU- VORK—MA\HATTAX SECT/OX 41 26, 1830 ; mas admitted to the bar in May, 185 1 ; married Delinda E. Cat/in of Owego in Januarv, 1851 ; wai district attorney of Tioga county, 1854- 59 : vas elected to the state assembly in 180 1 ; sensed in the Union army, 1862-6^ ; laas United States district attorney in eastern IVeiv York, 1800-73 ; was associate Justice of the state Court of Appeals, 1881-83 ; 7e>as secretary of the navy, 1889-9S : has practiced law in New York city and Brooklyn, with some interrnptions, since 1805. JFrcCtertch Jfanniiui Hyer, a son ot Dr. James C. Ayer of Lowell, Mass., was horn in that city about the middle o! the century. His ancestors on the paternal side were conspicuous patriots in the Revolution, and in the second war with England. On his mother's side he is related to the great New York merchant, Horace B. Claflin. He received an excellent education in the public schools of Lowell and at St. Paul's School, Concord, N. II. His father was heavily interesteil in the mills oi Lowell : and for that reason, as well as on other accounts, was desirous of having his son ol)tiin a practical training in the op- erating rooms of the factories. Enter- ing the Suffolk Cotton Mills, accordingly, at Lowell, Frederick acquainted himself minutely with e\ery stage of the manu- facturing process. The knowledge thus obtained was invaluable to him in later life. ."M'ter leaving the mill Mr. Ayer con- tinued his preparation for college, and completed the same in time to matric- ulate at Harvard with the class of lS7o. (Iraduating with honor in that year, he spent some time in Europe, traveling with his father ; and then entered the Harvard Law School. His first ca.se after admittance to the bar was one in which his father was seriously concerned, and he handled his part of it with .so much ability that his father gave him a check for 110,000. This was not so bad for one's first professional fee. Since Dr. Ayer's death in 1878, Fred- erick has had the chief care of the family estate. Inheriting a large interest in the property, he has made important investments on his own account, and has been called upon to serve as an officer in various cor- porations. He is now a director in the Lowell & Andover railway, the Lake Superior Ship Canal Railway & Iron Co., the Portage Lake & River Improvement Co., the Tribune Association of New York, the J. C. Ayer Co., and the Tremont and Suffolk mills of Lowell. Mr. .\yer is a man of scholarly and cultivated tastes. He has taken a lively interest in public ([uestions, and has studied them in a thorough-going way. He is not a high protectionist, but favors a moderate tariff. Long before the crisis of 1896 he .saw clearly the dangerous condition of our currency, and deprecated earnestly all attempts to debase the standard of value. Some years ago he interested himself in effecting a refonn in the corporation laws, by which minority representation might be more adequately obtained. In 1885 a bill to secure this result was introduced in the Michigan legislature. Mr. Ayer made an address in supjjort of the measure FREDERICK EA.WNI.XG AVER SO effective that the bill became law. Similar bills have since been passed in other .states, and the evil that both Mr. Ayer and his father so vigorously combatted has been greatly mitigated. Mr. Aver 42 MEN OF XElV ]-ORK—.\/A.\NA7rA\ SECT/OX is a pleasing public speaker. He belongs to several of the most attractive metropolitan clubs, including the Union League, Harvard, and Merchants'. PERSONAL CHR ONO LOG V— Frederick Fanning Ayer teas born at Lowell, Mass. , Sepfeml>er 12, 1S31 : graduated from Haniard University in MILO MKRR/CK fiELD/XG 187S ; studied at the Harvard Law School, and 7vas admitted to the bar in 1875 ; since his father' s death in 1878 has been occupied with the care of the family estate, and 7vith his duties as director in a number of corporations. •♦• /lOilO ilDCrriCh JBClMnO, o"e of the foremost silk manufacturers m the world, was born in Ash- field, Mass., si.xty-four years ago. His family has been honorably prominent in America for two and a half centuries, running back to one Richarci Beld- ing, who lived at Wethersfield, Colin., as early as 1640. After obtaining the rudiments of knowledge at Shelbunie Falls Academy, not far from his native town, and building up a vigorous physical constitu- tion by active work on a farm, Mr. Belding at the age of seventeen began his business life by borrow- ing $20 from an uncle, and setting himself up as an itinerant silk merchant. He bought his product from a manufacturer at Northampton, Mass., and sold the goods in the towns near his home. After working for tlie firm of W. M. Root & Co. of I'ittsfield, Ma.ss., until 1858, he bought a team of horses and a wagon, and resumed on a larger scale his earlier \ocation of a traveling merchant. Accumulating experience and capital all the time, Mr. Belding felt able in 1868 to e.stablish with two brothers a silk house in Chicago, and another in New York city two years later. In lrS()(; they decided to manufacture their own product, and leased for that purpose a single floor of a mill in Rockville, Conn. Three years later they were able to buy the whole mill, and afterward enlarge it. In 1.S74 they built a second mill at Northampton, Mass., and later one at Belding, Mich., a flourishing [jlace firmly founded on the industries created and sustained by the Belding brothers. The lirm of Belding Brothers & Co. now has five large silk mills in operation, branch houses at ten principal cities, over ;^000 employees, and a mammoth trade. The house is regarded, indeed, as the largest silk-manufacturing concern in the world. At the head of such a firm, Mr. Beld- ing has naturally found scant leisure for other occupations. He has been able, nevertheless, to exercise an intelligent supervision over various outside enter- prises. He is president of the Livonia Salt & Mining Co. of Livonia, N. Y., where salt is obtained by mining instead of evap- oration, and where 3000 tons a day have been produced. The St. Lawrence Marble Co. at Gouv- erneur, N. Y. , is another of his enterprises. He also has large interests in mining and timber lands in North Carolina and Tennessee, in certain Har- lem-valley mines, in a Montana ranch, and in vari- ous commercial imdertakings. He helped to organ- ize the Commonwealth Insurance Co. in 1887, and is now its vice-]jresident ; and he is president of the American Union Life Insurance Co. He is one of the very few men who can carry on simultane- ously a number of large enterprises, giving to each more efficient management than most men could provide in exclusive service. .UEX OF XEVV VORK—MAXHATTAX SECT/OX 43 Mr. Belding's clubs, to which he is a welcome but rather infrequent visitor, include the Colonial and Merchants' Central. He belongs also to the American Geographical Society, the Chamber of Commerce, and the Sons of the Revolution. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Milo Mer- rick Belding was born at AsJificld, Mass., April .1, 1833; was educated at Shellmrne Falls (Mass.) Academy ; begatt business as an itinerant silk mer- chant in 1850 ; married Emily C. Leonard of Ash- field, Alass., April 1, 1856; began the manufacture of silk in 1866, and is now head of the corporation of Belding Brothers a^ Co. : is president of the Livonia Salt &> Mining Co., the .St. Laiorence Marble Co., and the American Union Life Lnsurance Co. , and le/ifer 7oas born at Mile Square (^nmci Armonk), Weshhester (oiiiity, N. Y., December 32, 18^7 ; 7i'as educated in district schools ; engaged in business as a butcher, 186^-67 ; loent to New York city in 1S(17, and established an iron business; married Caroline L. Ttnonsend of Armonk, N. Y., Xo'rember 2, 1S70 ; has been actively con- nected 'with the management of I'arious cemeteries since 1890. JOSEPH H. CHOAll-: Md. ; in the I^ke Side cemetery at ButTalo : and in the Lake Side cemetery at Erie, Penn. .\11 ot" these are organized imder the same new system used in the successful development ot" the Kensico cemetery. While Mr. Carpenter was ciirrying on the iron biisine.ss in New York he lived in Brooklyn, and was a member of Dr. Noali Schenck's church — old St. .Ann's on the Heights : and was for yeans an active and efiective worker in promoting all the undertakings of the church. ^Ir. Carpenter now lives in New York during the winter, but spends his summers at his country residence near Kensico cemetery, going to the city daily to attend to the details l^\ his steadily enlarging business. 50SCpb ll. CbOate, widely re- garded as the leader of the New York bar, has an interesting lineage traceable centuries back from France through Hol- land to England, and thence, in 1643, to Ipswich, Mass. He is the youngest son of Dr. George Choate of Salem, Mass., and was born in that historic town sixty-five years ago. tlraduating from Harvard College with the class of 1 S5'2, and trom the Harvard Law School two years later, he studied in a Boston office for a few months, and was admitted to the Massachusetts bar in 1855. In the tall of that year he visited various west- ern states, and thereafter entered the law office of Scudder & Carter in New York city. In 1856 he entered the office of Butler, Evarts is: Southmayd, and was atlniitted to the New York bar in the same year. Afterward forming a part- nership with W. H. L. Barnes, nnder the style of Choate & Barnes, he con- tinued that connection until June 1, 1S5JI, when he became a member of the firm of Evarts, Southma\d iV Choate. Ever since then — not tar from forty years now- — Mr. Choate has remained with this association, the best known, probably, in the Empire .State. The lirm is now Evarts, Choate & Beaman, with offices at 52 AVall street, near the place where Mr. Choate began his practice as a young man. The senior member is William NL Evarts, most eminent at the bar and in public lite ; and Mr. Beaman is a law-yer of great ability. As for Mr. Choate, the statement may safely be made that his fame as a lawyer long ago encomj^assed the land. His magnificent presence, sound knowl- edge of the law, limitless fund of wit and hmnor, incessant alertness of mind, and wonderful ease and grace of language — these and other characteristics give him brilliancy ainong the legal lights of all ages. Hardly any cause of great imiiortance has been tried .UE.V OF Xh'll' )ORA'— ^fAXNA Tr.4.y SECT/OX 45 in New York city for a decade in which Mr. Choate has not figured on one side or the other. In jury trials he has been ahiiost irresistibly suc- cessful, and his time has been constantly engaged in such cases. He has also made frequent arguments on points of law belbre the highest courts of New York state and the United States Supreme Court at Washington. Before the latter tribunal, in fact, he has achieved many forensic triumphs. Mr. Choate has never sought nor held public office ; but he has been prominent in the Republi- can party ever since 185li, when he took the stump for Fremont. He was a member of the famous "Committee of Seventy" in the uprising against Tweed, and took a vigorous jKirt in the campaign of 1871 against the public plunderers. During the years 187;>-7() he was president of the Union League Club, noted for its powerful aid to the cause of good government : and in that bodv of distinguished men he has always been one of the strongest forces working for the welfare of city, state, and nation. In 1894 he was president of the state constitutional convention, and was a great power in that body in the cause of genuine reform. In Januiiry, 18VI7, -Mr. Choate was strongly supported for the office of United States senator, and man\ tributes to his ability and ])ersonal worth appeared in the leading newsjajjers, and in statements from prominent members of his party. He would have made an ideal member of the national senate, and his election would have gone a long wav toward restoring the prestige of that body. In the social world Mr. Choate has exercised a leadership comparable with his professional supremacy. He was president of the New Kngland Society for several years, and of the Harvard Club for a similar period. He still maintains active membership in these and various other clubs, including the Union League, City, University, Metro- politan, Riding, New York .\thletic, and Cirolier. He belongs also to the Bar Association, the American Society of Natural History, the Metropolitan Mu- seum of Art, the Century Association, the Dunlap Society, and the Downtown .\ssociation. /•EJiSO.y.^ L CHR OXOL O G Y— Joseph Hodges Choate was born at Salem, Mass., Jam/an- 24, ISi:?: graduated from Hanard College in lSo:2, ami from the Harvard Law School in ISo^ : was admitted to the bar in 1856 ; married Caroline O. Sterling in 1S61 : 7i'as president of the New York state constitutional convention in 1891^ : has practiced hiic ill Xrii' York cit\' since 1836. "toClirV Clews, o"e of the foremost bankers of the country, was born in Staffordshire, England. His father intended to educate him at Cambridge for the ministry of the English Church ; but the bov's natural tendencies were all in a different direc- tion, and the father wisely consented to yield to the inevitable. Before he was fifteen years old Mr. Clews accom- panied his father, who was extensively engaged in manufacturing for the .\merican market, on a busi- ness trip to the United States ; and the young man NEXSV CLE[iS was so delighted with the practical, enterprising spirit of the country, that he obtained permission to enter mercantile life in New York. He served for several vears in the office of Wilson G. Hunt & Co., 4ii ME.\ i>F .\7:ir ]i)/^A' MAiXHA TTAX SECTIOX importers of woolen goods, and rose to a position ot considerable importance in their office. He was desirous, however, of becoming a banker ; and in 1858 he embarked on the career in which he has won such signal success, becoming a member of the firm of Stout, Clews & Mason, bankers and brokers. The style was afterwards changed to Livermore, Clews & Co., and the present firm of Henry Clews & Co. was organized in 1877. The members of this firm pledged themselves from the first to avoid all speculative risks ; and the consistent maintenance of this conservative character, and the enormous capital of the concern, have given it for many years a high place in the public confidence. Few bank- ing houses in the Lhiited States do a larger or more varied business than this well-known firm. Mr. Clews's pre-eminence in the financial world is of long standing. At the outbreak of the Civil War he saw that the hope of the nation lay in unity, and gave his support unhesitatingly and actively to the Union cause. Secretary Chase appointed the young lianker agent for the sale of the bonds issued to meet the enormous expenses of the war ; and Mr. Clews devoted himself with untiring energy to the task of establishing public confidence in government securi- ties, and obtaining a market for them. In lS(i4 his firm subscribed to the national loan at the rate of from five to ten millions a day ; and his successful efforts in this direction, of so vast importance to the country, won for him the grateful esteem of those high in authority. Kver since then, in times of emer- gency, the leaders of the nation have been glad to avail themselves of his sound and accurate judgment, and his exhaustive knowledge of financial conditions. It is an incontestable fact — though one often dis- regarded — that a man cannot write intelligently on a subject with which he is not tamiliar ; but it is equally true that many men have not the power to express themselves clearly, be their knowledge ever so great. Mr. Clews possesses both these requisites of a good writer, and he has a reputation as an au- thor that would be accounted considerable if it were not overshadowed by his fame as a banker. His most noteworthy book, entitled " Twenty-eight Years in Wall Street," written in the fluent style that characterizes its author's conversation, and with a minute knowledge of events at the country's financial center that few men possess, is a work of real literary merit and of absorbing interest. Readers of the North American Review, the Forum, and other periodicals of similar standing, are familiar with Mr. Clews's vigorous and forceful treatment of impor- tant public questions ; and his contributions on all subjects in his sj^ecial line are in constant demand by newspaper and magazine editors throughout the country. It is impossible in a brief sketch to give any ac- count of the many financial enterprises and public movements with which Mr. Clews has been identi- fied. He rendered notable public service in helping to organize the famous "Committee of Seventy" that carried on the fight in the interests of good government against the notorious "Tweed ring." As a matter of course, high official positions have been tendered to Mr. Clews, but he has felt obliged to decline them on account of the demands of his business. This fact is the more to be regretted, since many of those most competent to judge agree with the late Duke of Marlborough, who declared, after a visit to this country, that Henry Clews was the brightest, smartest, and quickest man he had ever met. Mr. Clews was one of the founders of the Union League Club, and was for a time a governor of that institution. He served for many years as treasurer of the American (Jeographical Society. He was the last one of General Crant's friends to call upon him at Mount McGregor and shake hands with him. At that time, just before tyrant's death, Mr. Clews se- cured the consent of the entire (Irant family to the project of making New York city the burial ]jlace of the general. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Henry Cle7vs 7oas Iwrn at Hilderstone, Staffordshire, Eng. : was ediieated in England ; obtained a clerkship in a Nnv ] 'ork importing house in 1853 ; married Lucy Madison U'orthington of Kentucky February 4, 187 J/.; has car- ried on a banking business in New York city since 1858, estabiishing the firm of Henry Cleivs &= Co. in 1877. IRobert eople were from Massachusetts. Brought up as a farmer's boy, Mr. Dutcher has remained a farmer to this day, and all his principal interests have been more or less intimately connected with farm products. He has devoted a good deal of time to the development of his own magnificent farm in Dutchess county, where he has IfiOO acres of fine grazing land stocked with thoroughbred cattle and horses. This is located in the town of Pawling, of which he has been a resident since April, 18()1, and which he has materially helped to make a delightful place to live in. Mr. Dutcher has always been a puiilic-spirited citizen, having begun his public service in 1857, when he was made supervisor of the town of [)over. In 1801-62 he was a member of the assembly, and in 1864-65 he was in the state senate. Like so many other Whigs, he joined the Republican party soon after its organization, and has ever since been a strong advocate of its principles. For over thirty years Mr. Dutcher has been actively concerned with railroad management. Since 1864 he has been a director of the New York iS: Harlem railroad ; and he is now a member of the governing board of several other rail- road companies. Since 18()5 he has had charge of the department of live-stock transportation of the New York Central & Hudson River railroad. Mr. Dutcher's rare business judgment has been utilized by various corporations outside the railroad industry ; and he is now a director of the .American Sate Deposit Co., and of the Fifth Avenue liank. He is also president of the National Bank of Pawling, and of the L'nion Stock Yard & Market Co. of New \'ork. He is a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce and the Produce F^xchange, and of several im- portant clubs like the Union League and the St. Nicholas Society. He is now president of the village of Pawling, and is an e.\-president of the New York State Agricultural Society and of the Holstein- Friesian Association of America. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— /o/iii Bimidis/i Dutc/ierwas burn at Dcn'er, Dutiliess countv. A'. K, Febnta?y 13, 18S0 ; mai-ried Cliristina Dodge of Pa7i>- /ing, N. V. , May 20, 1860 ; rcas member of t/ie New York state assembly, 1861-62, and of t/ie state senate, 1864-65 ; Itas l>een a director of tJie New York &= Lfar/em railroad sinee 186^, and has liad cJiarge of the department of live-stock trans- portation of the Ne7V York Central 6-= Hudson River railroad since 186i) : has lived at Paivling, N. Y. , since 1861, cohere lie has maintained ati extensive farm. CbarleS IF. 1I3U&S0U, the son of Isaac N. and Cornelia Bogert-Haight Hudson, was born in New York city in 1852. He received some education in the public schools there, but closed his books at the age of fourteen for the purpose of entering business life. He was fortunate enough to find employment in the Wall-street house of S. M. Mills & Co. Receiving at first only four dollars a week, he rose steadily in the esteem of his employers, until in tive .i/AV\- ()/• .\7iii' iv)A'A-— .i/./.\-//.r/-/:;.\- sF.cr/ox 4(1 years he was getting a salary of SloOO yearlv. Ho was intrusted with many important commissions, and became in particular a sort of confidential go- between in the relations of his house with its very important client, Jay Ciould. Mr. (lould, indeed, took such a fancy to the trustworthy and active young messenger, that he gave him, in April, 1875, 900 shares of Union Pacific stock. With this sub- stantial nest egg as the foundation of his fortune, Mr. Hudson paid for the seat in the Stock Exchange that he had purchased in August, 1874, and estab- lished himself in business on his own account. Though only twenty-two years old at this time, Mr. Hudson had been acquainting himself with the ways of Wall street for eight years under very effective tutelage : and he was finely equipped to carrv on a brokerage business. On March 1, 187(), he increased hi.s resources by forming a partnership with H. N. Smith, previousl} a partner of Jay (lould's. C. 1. Hudson & Co. was the style of the new firm, antl this title was retained after a reorgani- zation necessitated in 1878 by the retire- ment of Mr. Smith and the accession of Robert R. Lear and T. H. Curtis. This association continued until May, 1881, when a new organization, still under the old style, was effected between Mr. Hud- son, A. H. De Forest, and H. N. Smith as a special partner. In the fall of 1885 Mr. Smith withdrew from the association : the two remaining partners continuing as before until 1894, when Mr. Hud- son's brother, Edward J. Hudson, was admitted to the firm. The concern as thus organized is one of the leading houses of Wall street, and transacts a large business during the active invest- ment and speculative seasons. Mr. Hud- son has taken special interest in " Trust " securities — the certificates of the Ameri- can Sugar Refining Co., National Lead Co., and the like — and was largely in- strumental in having them ILsted on the Exchange. In a single day his firm has handled as many as 90,000 of these shares. Mr. Hudson's standing among his fellow-members of the Exchange is suf- ficiently attested in the circumstance that in May, 1891, he was elected governor of that body on an independent ticket, and received over two thirds of the entire vote cast. He was again elected on the independent ticket in 1896. In 188,S he took part in the organization of the Fourteenth Street Bank, New York city, and served on its board of directors for several years thereafter. He is a member of the Manhattan Club, and of several other exclusive met- ropolitan organizations. He has a beautiful summer residence in the Thousand Islands, and is a director of the Thousand Islands Club, which he helped to organize. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Charles L LLiidson was born at New York city Augiisf 20, 1853 ; atttiiilcii public schools ; 7tOrfCr "as liom at Zwittau, a Moravian village on the Bohemian liorder, in Feb- riiarv, 182f). His father was a prosperous manufac- turer, and gave Oswald an excellent education. After studying at the gymnasium in the usual (ierman way, he attended the University of Vienna for a year, specializing his work on the subject of juris- prudence. The University of Prague received him next, and gave him a knowledge of the Czech lan- guage and of the law. Returning to Vienna in 1848, he took a prominent part in the movement among the youth of Austria to create an uprising of the ])eople in behalf of their liberties. At the outbreak of the Schleswig-Holstein war besought military ex- perience, and volunteered his services against the army of Denmark. After a brief campaign he re- turned to Vienna, where events were moving rapidh. Becoming again one of the leading spirits among the revolutionists, he rendered ' valuable service to the patriot cause in the student uprisings of October, 1.S4.S. Successful at first, the students fniall\ suffered serious reverses : and many of them were shot or imprisoned. After hiding three days in a chimney, young Ottendorfer fled to Saxony, only to re- new the contest in Prague and elsewhere as opportunity offered. After rescuing Steck, imprisoned in the castle of Bruchsal, he escaped to Switzerland. Planning to begin life anew in \'ienna after .serving the brief im|jrisonment that he supposed would constitute his punish- ment, he was dissuaded from this project by friends who predicted certain death if he should give himself up to the authorities. Finally concluding, there- fore, that the safer course would be to leave the continent, he made his wax- through Poland with the aid of friends, and embarked for New York city. Landing there in ]8.")0, he foimd him- self seriously handicapped by utter igno- rance of the English tongue — a thaw- back only slightly mitigated by his familiarity with French, Latin, Oreek, Hebrew, and several Slav languages. After eking out a bare livelihood for some time, he obtained a place in the countingroom of the Stoats Zeituih::;. then owned by Jacob Uhl. Upon the death of the latter gentleman the management of the paper devolved upon his talented and sagacious widow. With the help of Mr. ( (ttendorfer, who had de\eloped a remarkable aptitude for journalism, she conducted the paper with conspicuous success until 185!:l, when she and her able co-worker were happily married. Since then Mr. Ottendorfer has been the chief force in determining the destinies of the great Oerman daily. His charming and excejjtionally competent consort assisted him greatly until a short time l)efore her death in April, 1884. She made many public bequests, besides leaving $30,000 to be distributed among the employees of the Stoats Zeitung. Mr. Ottendorfer has long been regarded as one of the most influential men of the metropolis. He has been prominent in politics, favoring a .sound ciu'- rency, civil-service reform, and a liberalized tariff He served one year as an alderman of New York, and fre<|uently declined to nm for more important offices. lie was one of the famous "Committee of IKS w Ai.i) (>Tr/:\iu)h'/-/:K Seventy " at the time of the Tweed exposure. Like Mrs. Ottendorfer, he has distinguished himself b\- many liberal benefactions. He belongs to the Man- hattan, Citv, Centurv, Reform, and other clubs. MEX f'/'" .\V-;//' YCiUK^MANHATTAX SKCT/OX PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Oswald Ot- tendorfer was born at Zrvittau, Moravia, February 26, 1826 ; was educated in Austrian schools and uni- versities ; came to the United States in 1850, and en- tered the service of the " Slaafs Zeit//nx\" New York, soon thereafter ; married Mrs. Jacob Ulil of Neio York JAMES FAR.WSWORTH FIERCE city in 1859 ; has been editor of the since 1859. ' Staats Zeitii ".< 3ames jfarnswortb pierce is descended from an old New England family that has given to the country many distinguished men and faithful servants, including President Franklin Pierce. Mr. Pierce's father was Dr. Caleb Pierce, a prominent physician, who came from New Hampshire and settled in St. Lawrence county, New Vork, in the early part of the century. There Mr. Pierce was born in IS.'iO, and there he received his general and professional education. After studying in common schools and under a private tutor for a time, he entered St. Lawrence Academy, where he fitted himself for the sophomore class at Yale College. He was compelled by ill health, however, to give up his plans for a college course. He was looking forward to the legal pro- fession as his life-work, and alter reading law for several months in Potsdam, N. Y. , he went to 'I'roy, to study in the office of William A. Beach. In May, 1851, he was admitted to the bar at Albany. In the following year, deeming it desirable to seek a milder climate, he moved to St. Augus- tine, Fla., and associated himself with Judge Isaac H. Bronson in the practice of his profession. This lasted for three years, and he then returned North, and established himself in Canton, the county seat of St. Lawrence county. He soon became one of the most prominent at- torneys in that part of the state, and for ten years carried on a successful law ]jra(tice there. St. Lawrence county offered but a limited field for professional achieve- ment, and in 1866 Mr. Pierce moved to Brooklyn and began practice in the metroiJolis. Forming a partnership with Robert Sewell, he continued his asso- ciation with this able member of the New York bar for twenty-five years. After a time George P. Sheldon was admitted to the firm, and for many years Sewell, Pierce & Sheldon was a prominent term in legal circles. Mr. Pierce's talents as a lawyer now had full scope, and he won a large measure of success at a keenly competitive bar. Mr. Pierce had taken considerable in- terest in public affairs before leaving St. Lawrence county, and had held an im- county office there. This interest con- after his removal to Brooklyn, and his party there was not slow to avail itself of his ser- vices. In 1867 he became the Democratic can- didate for state senator in the 2d senatorial dis- trict, and was elected by a majority of nearly 4000, though the district had for years been Repub- lican. From the first he took a prominent part in the deliberations of his associates, and served on important committees ; and his re-election for a second term followed in due time. For .some years thereafter he devoted himself to his private affairs, but in 1.S77 he was again his party's candidate for the senate, and was again elected. This second |)eriod of service was followed b}' an additional four portant tinned J/A'.\' (U- .\7:l!' )7)A'A'—-l/-/.\7/./ /■/•.;. \' SKC'/7i).\ years in l.S he sold out his interest in the business tor more than SI, ()()(),()()() in cash. Ardently fond of flowers, Mr. Pitcher several years ago built e.xtensive greenhouses at Short Hills, N. (., where he owns 700 acres of land. He found that the general i)ublic was interested in his cultivation of orchids, and he finally made his greenhouses serve commercial ends through the firm of Pitcher & Manda. He now has fifty such houses filled with orchids and choiie e.xotic plants. He is engaged in numerous other business under- takings. He was one of the i ncor])orators anil first directors of the Mercantile Benefit .\ssociation, the Lawyers' Surety Co., and the Menantile Credit (It ( aiaranty Co. He has been treasurer of the National Mutual Building &: Loan Association, New York cit)-, and president of the New Jersey Floricultural Society. Mr. Pitcher is a man of cordial address, and is a welcome visitor at the Manhattan, Players," Tuxedo, and other clubs. PERSONAL CHROXOLOGY— [awes Roh- erlsoii Pitcher was lioni at W'iiiilham, N. )'. , Marcli '), IHJ/.') ; was educated at Whltestonc Seminary : was clerk in a tannery, lHfi-S-66, and in a Neio York /loiise, 1S66-6S ; conducted a clothing Inisiness in New York, 1S6S-77 : married Helen K. Sweet of Neii) York September 1, 1870 .• organized the United States Mutual Accident Association in 1877, and con- ducted the same until 1893 ; has carried on extensive greenhouses at Short Hills, A'. /. , since 1890 : is now president of the Petrolia Manufacturing Co. of Nen< York, and is engaged in inanv other business enter- prises. •♦• IfJCUrV JBraMCV? plant «as born in Bran- ford, Conn., during Monroe's first administration. He has an interesting lineage, running back in this country to the year l(i8fi. Mr. Plant's great-grand- father on the paternal side .served in Washington's army, and was one of the guard of Major Andre on the occasion of that unfortunate man's execution. .Another ancestor was an officer in the Revolution. After a brief education in the common schools of Connecticut and from private tutors, Mr. Plant be- gan active life in the calling with which he has ever since been closely connected — the transportation industry. Entering the service of the New Ha\ en Steamboat Co. in LS.'iT, he was soon placed in charge of the express business upon the steamboats between New York and New Haven. C)n the com- ])letion of the railroad between these two cities, he took charge of the express business thus carried on. When the Adams Expre.ss Co. was organized, Mr. Plant went South in the service of the corporation. Ill the fall of 17, 18 la ; was ediuateit in common se/ioo/s and I>x private tutors ; was in tlie employ of various express companies, ht-37-61 ; married, on September i>'>, ISJf.l, Ellen Eliza l>eth Blackstone of Bran- ! ford. Conn. , a direct descendant of Thomas Blackstone, who settled in Boston abcnit IfiSO : after her death in ]S(!1, married Marsiaret Josephine Lon};hman of Xeii.' 3 \nk citv in IS7-1 : or«;anized the Southern Express Co. in 1S(J1, and has since been president thereof: since 1SH2 has been president of the Plant /nrestment Co., de- voted to railroad and other ope ration i in Elorida and elsewhere. MbitelaW 1ReiJ>, ^vhose name stands for all that is best in modern journalism, and irresistibly calls to mind the New York Tribune, was born near Xenia, Ohio, about sixty years ago. His grandfather, one of the founders of Xenia, was a Scottish Covenanter ; and his mother also traced her descent from a famous line of Highland chieftains. Mr. Reid's early education was olitained at his uncle's academy in Xenia, where he prepared for Miami ( O. ) University. He graduated thence with the scientific honors of his cla,ss in ISofi. That was the memoralile \ear which witnessed the birth of the Republican party as a national force, and in which General Fremont ran for the presidency on the new ticket. Mr. Reid had taken up teaching as his first vocation ; but his mind was already set u|ion larger matters, and he re- mained only a year in the teacher's chair. He was greatly interested in the political c|uestions of the day, making speeches in behalf of Fremont in the campaign of LS.')!) ; and, naturally enough, he entered the journalistic world. Becoming editor and pro- prietor of the Xenia News in 1857, when only twenty years old, he conducted the paper for several years with a fair measure of success. Regarded in a broad way, and with the perspective of fiiture years, the little country paper was a most important factor in Mr. Reid's career. It proved an admira- ble training in journalism, and disclosed to himself and to others his remarkal)le aptitude for newspajjer work. In the momentous campaign of 18(i0 .Mr. Reid gained additional |)restige by his vigorou.s editorial articles in sujiport of the Rei^ublican cause, and b\ political speeches. At the outbreak of the Civil \\ ar he was sent to the field by the Cincinnati Gazette as a correspondent : and his letters lo that HF.xRv nR.\f>i.i-.y ft.Axr journal, signed "Agate," attracted national notice by their brilliancy of style and accurate delineation of events. He was at the front in the Virginia cam- paigns of McClellan and Rosecrans, wrote a graphic 5fj ■I/AW Ol- M-:W YORK MAXHATTAX SEVTIOX account of (irant's ca])tiire of Fort Donelson, and achieved a remarkable journalistic feat in writing, under fire, a com]jlete and accurate description of the battle of Pittsburg Landing. He was ]jresent at the siege of ("orintli, at (lettvsburg, and other mem- orable liattles. WHITIU.AW REID After the close of the war Mr. Reid engaged in cot- ton planting in Louisiana for a {^\\ months,' record- ing his observations of the South in a volume enti- tled "After the War" (Cincinnati, 1866). Re- turning to Ohio, he spent two years in writing "Ohio in the War, " published in two volumes in 1868, and containing not only a com]jlete history of the state throughout the war, but also elaborate biographies of most of the leading generals of the Union army. The work is regarded as altogether the best of its class. Mr. Reid's acquaintance with Horace tireeley, the founder and venerable editor of the New York Trilmne, began during the Civil War, when Mr. (ireelev sought unsuccessfully to obtain the services of the brilliant young journalist. In 1868, how- ever, Mr. Reid decided to leave the Cincinnati Gazette, of which he had become editor, and con- nect himself with the Tribune. At first he was merely an editorial writer, but his authority was soon broadened, and the position of managing edi- tor was assigned to him. Upon the death of Mr. (Ireeley in November, 1X72, Mr. Reid succeeded him as editor and chief owner of the paper. The Tribune had a great name at that time, but its financial condition was by no means correspondingly secure. Under the vig- orous management of Mr. Reid the paper has sustained the prestige of its l)est days as one of the great newspapers of the world, and has attained a financial position that would have seemed altogether impossible to the former owners of the property. Mr. Reid has made the Tribune his ( hief interest in life. The mission to (lermany was tendered to him by Pres- ident Hayes, and afterward by President Carfield; but in both cases he pre- ferred to remain in private lite. In LS78, however, he accepted the office of regent of the University of the State of New York, to which he was chosen for life by the New York legislature. In the spring of 1889 he was a|jpointed min- ister to France by President Harrison, and resided at the F'rench capital tor the next three years. C^n the completion of the treaties that he had been instructed to negotiate, he resigned and returned home to resume his editorial work. In 1892 he received the Republican nomination for the office of vice president of the Ignited States on the ticket with Benjamin Harri- son. In 1897 he' was appointed special envoy of the LTnited States to the Diamond Jubilee of (Jueen Victoria. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — Wliitelaiu Reid was born near Xenia, O., October 27, 1SS7 : graduated from Miami {O. ) Unil'ersity in 185 7 : ivas connected loitii the Xenia "News," and the Cincinnati " Gazette," lS.)7-i;S, sen'ing as ivar correspondent for the latter paper : mar- ried £/izabeth Mii/s, daugliter of D. O. Mills of New York city, April 26, 1881 ; was United States minister to France, 1889-92 ; has been regent of the Univer- sity of the State of Ne^v York since 1878 ; has been con- nected with the New York ' ' Tribune ' ' since 1808, and has been its editor and chief oicner since 1872. MEN OF XEIV YORK— MAXHATTAX SECTION 57 jf. 3B. XlblU'bCr has been identified with the grocery business ever since he left the rocky dairy farm in Delaware comity, New York, where he was born, and went to New York city, a lad of fourteen years. Beginning in the humble capacity natural to a young and inexperienced country boy, he advanced rapidly from one post to another, and in the course of a dozen years had attained a position of impor- tance in the commercial world. Mr. Thurber has long devoted special attention to the question of transportation ; and has done much to establish uniform and stable rates, and to abolish unjust discriminations tending to enrich the few at the expense of the many. With this end in view- he organized in 1884 the Anti-Monopoly League of the State of New York, which, after a long fight, secured the ai)pointment of a state rail- road commission, and was largely instru- mental in obtaining the passage, in 1887, of the interstate-commerce law, creating a national commission for the supervision of the transportation interests of the country. Mr. 'lliurber has always been a firm friend of the Erie canal, and has voiced its interests in the commercial bodies of the state for many years. He has been chairman of the committee on railroad transportation of the New York Board of Trade and Transportation for many years ; and he is a member of the committee on internal trade and im- provements of the New York Chamber of Commerce. Believing with Emerson that "a fool- ish consistency is the hobgoblin of little minds," Mr. Thurber ha.s not been afraid to change his opinions on industrial and social problems as the facts and condi- tions upon which those opinions were based have altered. His guiding prin- ciple has always been to secure the rights of the many against the privileges of the few ; but he has been willing to look on both sides of a question, and has tried to act with judicial impartiality. In his view society, imless it purposes to war against progress and civilization, must abandon the ])rohibition of industrial concentration and combinations. Mod- ern conditions of life demand an abund- ance of commodities at the smallest practicable cost, and experience shows that this demand can be satis- fied only by the employment of capital on the most extensive scale. The ijroblem that confronts the student of economics is the restriction of competi- tion to such an extent that the producer shall not suffer, and the supervision of industrial combinations so that the consumer shall receive the benefits of such co-operation without the disadvantages attend- ing its abuse. Mr. Thurber takes an active interest in all move- ments affecting trade and commerce, both at home and abroad. He is president of the United States Export Association, an organization designed to extend the market for American products in foreign lands. He is also president of the American Grocer Publishing Co., that issues the trade paper called the American Grocer. He is one of the commissioners and the secretary of the new East-river bridge, which is designed to do for the eastern district of Brooklyn what the ]iresent bridge has done for the western /•'. />'. tihrher district. Mr. Thurlier is a member of the L'uion League, Manhattan, Hardware, and Commercial ilubs, and is prominent in various aspects of life in the metropolis. o8 ME\ OF A'EIV YORK MANHA TTAN SECTION PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— F. B. Thur- ber was Iwrn at Dellii, Dcla^uare county, N. Y. , November 13, 1842 ; attended the common schools, Delaware Academy at Delhi, and Union Hall Acad- emy, Jamaica, L. L. ; ivent into business in 1859 with the interrelated concerns kno7on as T. M. Wheeler 6^ Co. and Robert Ss" Williams, in the warehousing, lighterage, and importing business, Netv York city ; joined his brother, H. K. Thurber, in the firm of H. K. Thurber ^2^" Co., ivholesale grocers, in 18(!5 : continued iu that busijicss, under various styles, until 1893 ; since then has been president of the American Grocer Publishing Co. , publishing the trade paper known as the ' ' American Grocer. ' ' CbarleS XeWiS UiffanV?, the founder and head of the famous house of Tiffany & Co., was born in Windham county, Conn., in 1812. He is the eldest son of Comfort Tiffany, a native of Attleboro, Mass. ; and traces his descent from Scjuire Humphrey Tiffany of England, who settled in Massachusetts in the seventeenth century. Mr. Tiffany's early educa- tion was received in a typical New England district school ; and he afterward spent two years at Plain- field (Conn.) Academy, at that time an institution of considerable prominence. When he was but fif- teen years old, his father, who had been for many years a manufacturer of cotton goods, opened a small country store, and gave his son Charles full charge of the undertaking. Here the young man acquired his first business experience ; and in making trips to New York for supplies he gained some insight into the commercial activities of the metrop- olis. These appealed to him strongly ; and he felt a desire to enter the conflict, and escape from the narrow bonds of village life. Accordingly, in 1837, Mr. Tiffany betook himself to New York, already a city of 200,000 inhabitants, determined to engage in business there. After looking carefully over the ground he formed a part- nership with John B. Young, a friend and neighbor who had left Connecticut several months before him, to conduct a fancy-goods and stationery store. Mr. Tiffany's father furnished the capital of $1000 with which the business was established, and the firm was known as Tiffany & Young. The changed condi- tion of the city in the sixty years since elapsed is eloquently attested by the fact that the location chosen by the young firm — on Broadway at the corner of Warren street — was then deemed danger- ously far uptown. From the beginning Mr. Tiffany made a specialty of securing goods out of the ordi- nary line, and in a short time the store acquired the reputation for unique and choice wares that has ever since been one of its marked characteristics. With- in four years it became necessary to secure the adjoining store ; and with more commodious quarters it was possible to carry a greater variety of stock, including foreign glassware and porcelain, clocks, and fancy Parisian jewelry. In 1841, also, the firm was enlarged by the admission of J. L. Ellis, and became known as Tiffany, Young & Ellis. In 1850 a branch was established in Paris under the style of Tiflany, Reed & Co. ; and the parent house has ever since had the advantage of a resident buyer abroad, who could avail himself of the fluctuations of the market, and the opportunities that continually arise for olitaining rare and valuable objects. In 1808 the firm opened a London house. In the same year the business, which since 1853 had been known under the name of Tiffany & Co., was incor- porated under that style. Mr. Tiffany has been the president and treasurer of the corporation from the beginning : Gideon F. T. Reed, the resident Paris partner, was originally vice president, but since his retirement in 1875 this office has been held by Charles T. Cook. The incorporation of the concern as a manufactur- ing company was ibllowed by a general extension of the business. The manufacture of gold jewelry had been begun in 1848, and had rapidly become an important part of the business. The making of silverware, in which the firm has since attained such pre-eminence, was taken up a few years later, the Engli.sh standard of "sterling" silver being first introduced in this country by Tiffany & Co. The manufacture of watches, clocks, etc., was now taken up, and the firm's works in Prince street were greatly enlarged. The business having entirely outgrown its quarters at 550 Broadway, Mr. Tiffany and his as.sociates bought the old Church of the Pilgrims, on Union square at the corner of Fifteenth street, and began the erection of one of the first strictly fireproof buildings in the city. Formal possession of the new building was taken on November 10, 1870 ; and ever since then the fame of " Tiffany's " has spread throughout the land, until to-day the name suggests all that is rare and beautiful in jewelry, silver, glass, porcelain, pottery, and a mul- titude of other wares. Prizes, medals, and decora- tions almost without number have been received for various exhibits of the firm during the past thirty years. At the Paris Exposition of 1867 their display of silver plate attracted general attention, and re- ceived the first award ever given to a foreigner. At the Universal Exposition held in Paris in 1878 they received the Gi-and Prix for silverware ; and Mr. Tiffany was created a Chevalier of the National MEN OF XEir VORK—MAXHATTAX SECT/OX 59 Legion of Honor of France, and received from the Emperor of Russia the exceptional tribute of the Gold Medal Praemia Digiw. The Grand Prix was also awarded to Tiffany & Co. at the Universal Exposition of 1889. At our own Centennial Exhi- bition the firm easily took the first rank, receiving a gold medal and numerous certificates of award. No one who attended the Col- umbian Exposition of 1893 needs to be reminded of the magnificent Tiffany pavilion, with its dazzling display of art metal-work and precious gems. While iMr. Tiffany has made the suc- cess of the house that bears his name his great interest in life, and has stamped his individuality upon it at every stage, he has not allowed himself to become absorbed by it. He has naturally been honored with many positions of trust in the metropolis, and has given his active aid and support to a vast number of phil- anthropic and other public movements. As might be expected, he is a generous patron of art, and has done much to fur- ther its development in America. He was one of the founders of the American Academy of Fine Arts, and is also a trus- tee of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and a Fellow of the National Academy of Design. He is a director in several banks and trust companies, and a member of the New York Chamber of Commerce, and of a great number of other organizations. PERSONAL CNR ONOL OGY— Charles Lcivis Tiffany u'as Iwrn at Dan- iclsonville. Conn. , February 15, 1812 ; U'as educated in eomnio?i schools ; 7vas a clerk in his father' s country store, 1827- 37 ; began business in New York city in 18S7 ; married Harriet Olivia Avery Young of Kil- lingly. Conn., Novetnber 30, 18^1 ; has been the head of what is no2ii the house of Tiffany c?-' Co. since the business was established in 1837, and presidoit and treasurer since its incorporation in 1SG8. 50bn BriSbeU ¥Clall?er, vvho has acquired national fame in recent years by his extraordinary success as a publisher, was born on the Monongahela river, Pennsylvania, about fifty years ago. He is a scion of a distinguished American family, his grand- father, Major John Walker, having been the first com- missioner for the improvement of western rivers, and having established the first shipyards west of the Alleghany mountains. Mr. Walker's career has been unusually pic- turesc|\ie and interesting. After leaving Georgetown College in 1865, he went to the United States Mil- itary Academy at West Point, where he studied three years. In 1868 he resigned his cadetship in order to enter the Chinese military service, accom- CH.ARI.Ea LEWIS T/FE.-I.XY panying J. Ross Browne, the United States minister to China. Having returned to this country in 1870, he engaged in manufacturing in West Virginia until the panic of 1873 reduced him to poverty. He then made an entirely fresh start in life by becoming a special writer for the Cincinnati Cotnmercial. This engagement soon gave way to a better post, that of managing editor of the Pittsburg Telegraph : and in 1876 he made another change, becoming managing editor of the Washington Daily Chronicle. Mr. Walker had already proved himself extremely versatile, but in 1879 he made another abrupt change in his calling. Moving to Colorado in the year mentioned, he l)ecame the first man to engage in alfalfa farmint; on an extended scale in the fiO MEX OF XEIV ]-0/^A'—MAX//.-^TT.-Ly SF.CT/OX Centennial State. After his usual fashion Mr. Walker made a brilliant success of the new venture, and his Berkeley farm soon outranked all other Colorado plantations of the valuable forage plant. He also engaged in some important engineering operations that resulted in the rescue of a large tract of valuable JDHX IIRISBEX WALKER land near the center of Denver from the overflow of the Platte river. Having amassed a fortune from his engineering and farming operations, Mr. Walker decided to enter the publishing world ; and in 1889 he returned East, and bought the Cosmopolilan magazine. The publication was then in an insolvent and moribund condition, with a dwindling circulation and scant advertising patronage. Spending money liberally on the plant, and energizing the btisiness in all departments, Mr. Walker (|uickly caused the tide to turn ; and in a marvelously short time the Cosmopol- itan was eagerly looked for by a multitude of readers who had never before even heard of the magazine. The business had assumed such proportions by 1894 that Mr. Walker decided to build a new and magnifi- cent plant at Irvington-on-the-Hud.son ; and there, not far from New York, he now conducts the exten- sive business of the magazine in one of the most completely equipped printing, engraving, binding, and ])ublishing establishments anywhere in the world. Along with his other activities, Mr. Walker has found time to interest him- self somewhat in politics. So far back as 1872, while a manufacturer in West \irginia, he was nominated for congress bv the Republicans. He became most interested in political matters, however, in the presidential contest of 1896, when he ardently advocated the cause of silver and the election of Mr. Bryan. Mr. Walker has so many special inter- ests in life that he has never thought it worth while to spend much time in chibs. He is a member, however, of the University Club of Chicago, the Century Club of New York, and some others ; and he is one of the governors of the Ardslev Country Club. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Jolui Brisben Walker was born m Penn- sylvania September 10, 18^7 ; attended Georgetown College, and IFest Point Mili- tary Academy ; was in the Chinese military service, 1868—70 ; engaged in manufactur- ing in West Virginia, 1870-7 S ; married Emily Strother of Berkeley Springs, W. I'a., in 1871 ; was employed on various newspapers, as writer and editor, 1873- 70 : carried on an extensive alfalfa farm in Colorado, 1879-89; has been the owner and publisher of the ' ' Cosmopoli- tan ' ' magazine since 1889. aibert B. litllraS, w'ho represents the 8th dis- trict in the New York state senate, and who is well known in the legal and political circles of Brooklyn, was born in Missouri less than forty years ago. He was educated in the public schools of his native state, and sulisequently taught there for two years. Shortly after reaching his majority he betook him- self to New York city for the purpose of studying law, and making the metropolis his permanent place of residence. This plan has been consistently carried out. Admitted to the bar in 1885, he has been actively engaged in practice ever since. He has his business office at 63 Wall street. New York, but has made his home in Brooklyn for the last ten years. M£A OF .VEll- VORk'—MA.XHATTA.X SECT/OA' fil Mr. Wray has taken a deep interest in political affairs since early manhood, 'rhroughout his resi- dence in Brooklyn he has been connected with var- ious Republican-party organizations. For four years he was a member of the Invincible Twenty-third Ward Club. He belonged to the Brooklyn Young Republican Club for si.\ years, and served as chair- man of its advisory committee in 1892-93. In the latter year he was a member of the Republican Pro- visional Reorganization Committee, which was a potent agency in the reorganization of the Repub- lican party in Kings county. He is now a member of the Kings-county Republican general committee. Taking so active a .share in the counsels of the Republican party, Mr. Wray has naturally been called upon to assume public office. In the fall of 1893 he was nominated for the state assembly, and was elected by a large majority over his Democratic opponent. He was a mem- ber of the following committees in the assembly of 1894 : general laws, insur- ance, and electricity, gas, and water supply. Mr. Wray introduced the bill for the election of police commissioners in New York city, and another |iroviding for the erection of monuments on the battlefield of Chattanooga. He also introduced several amendments to the charter of the city of Brooklyn : one making an appro]jriation for the 23d- regiment armory ; another providing for the insulation of electric wires ; another for the purpose of facilitating the erec- tion of new buildings ; and another pro- viding for park improvements. In No- vember, 1894, Mr. Wray was re-elected to the assembly, receiving 8385 votes against 2239 for the Democratic nomi- nee. In the assembly of 1895 he was chairman of the committee on general laws, and had membership in the commit- tee on cities and on the Soldiers' Home. Having shown his capacity in the lower house of the legislature, Mr. Wray was promoted to the state senate in the fall of 1895, receiving 14,697 votes against 8525 for his nearest competitor. He received important committee assign- ments in the senate, and was made chairman of the committee on public education. Among the bills introduced by him in 1896, the following deserve special mention : one excluding street railways from New York and Ocean avenues, Brooklyn ; another authorizing Brooklyn to issue repavement bonds : another providing for the submission to [lopular vote of the Greater New York charter ; and another making an appropriation for a botanical garden in New York city. -Senator Wray is prominent in the social life of Brooklyn. He is a trustee of the Greene Avenue Baptist Church, and a member of the Union League Club of Brooklyn and of Fort Greene Council, Royal Arcanum. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Albert A. Wray 7oas horn at Cape GlrardMti, Mo. , September 6, 1S5S ; 7aas educated in public schools in Missouri ; taught school, 1876-78 ; studied lavj in New York city, and was admitted to the bar in 188 '> ; was mem- ber of assembly, 1804-95 ; 7t'as elected to the state senate in the fall of 1805 : has practiced hnv in New York citv since 1885. AIJU-.RT .1. ll'A'.l \ ItJCUl*^ Hi. HbCU, member of the New York state assembly from Kings county, was born in Scho- harie countv sixty years ago. His father, William Bliss Abell, was a native of Connecticut, and a Illi MEN OF NEW YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION descendant of an old New England family ; and his modier was a daughter of William McCarthy, an Irish refugee who came to the United States from Cork during the rebellion of 1798. Henry Abell was the youngest of eight children, and found himself at the age of fourteen an orphan, HEXRY /■;. ABELL without home, money, or friends. For the next six years he supported himself in various ways, and managed at the same time to lay by a little money. For about two years he was clerk in a store in west- ern New York ; and from 1854 to 1857 he worked in Albany, at first in a bookstore, and afterward in a bank. By the time he was twenty he felt able to give up his position in the bank, and carry out his plans for securing a better education. For this pur- pose he attended the Delaware Literary Institute at Franklin, N. Y., and Columbian University, Wash- ington, D. C. ; and after his general education was completed he read law in the office of the late loseph H. Bradley at Washington and in an office in New York city. In 1859 Mr. Abell began a connection with the press that continued at intervals for many years, becoming editor of a paper in Delaware county. The next year he took an active part in the momen- tous campaign that resulted in the election of Presi- dent Lincoln, making speeches throughout Delaware county in behalf of the Republican cause. When the war broke out, finding himself debarred from active duty on account of defective eyesight, he went to Washing- ton, and was sworn into service in the defense of the capital. He was commis- sioned by Secretary Chase to sign the first issue of government bonds to meet the expenses of the war, and at the same time did guard and hospital duty when not required at the treasury department. In 18(i4 he was compelled by ill health to give up this work. Returning to his native county, accordingly, he consoli- dated two newsjjapers under the name of the Schoharie Union, and for the next five years devoted himself to the work of an editor and publisher. Schoharie county at that time abounded in "cop- perheads" ; and Mr. Abell, who ar- dently supported President Lincoln and the Union cau,se, narrowly escaped per- sonal injury at the hands of a mob that attacked his office. In April, 18G9, Alonzo B. Cornell, surveyor of the port of New York, ap- pointed Mr. Abell his deputy, and he filled the position for four years. Alter that he was appointed by Collector Ar- thur of the same port to prosecute cer- tain violations of the navigation laws, and succeeded in putting a stop to a system of fraud that had long been prac- ticed in the registration of vessels. In 1879, on his election as governor of New York state, Mr. Cornell appointed Mr. Abell his private secretary ; and he held this position during the governor's three years' term. He afterwards served for many years as an officer of the assembly, acting as financial clerk, jour- nal clerk, and assistant clerk. He was appointed under the new law to examine the constitutionality of bills introduced in the assembly, and in this capacity he has passed upon as many as 1200 bills in a single year. In the summer of 1894 he acted as counsel for the state-prison investigating committee, and conducted the examination of many witnesses. With such a record for efficient public service, Mr. Abell, nominated for the assembly in the fall of 1894, could MEX OF XEir VORK—MAXHATTAN SECT/OX 03 hardly fail to receive a substantial vote. As a mat- ter of fact, his plurality was the largest ever received by a candidate in his district ; and he served in the session of 1895 as a member of the committee on codes and of that on affairs of cities. In 1896 he was again elected to the legislature, and served on the committees on general laws, privileges and elec- tions, and unfinished business, and the special joint committee on state departments and commissions. Mr. Abell is president of the Logan Club of Brooklyn. PERSONA L CNR O NOL O G Y— Henry Edward Abell was born at Esperance, Schoharie county, N. V., June 23, 18S7 ; was educated at Dela- ware Literary Institute and Columbian University, ]Vashington, D. C. ; tnarricd Lucia Smith of Cobles- kill, N. v., in/a/iuary, ISGl : 7i'as engaged in i^orern- ment work in Washington, 1861-6 J^ ; published the "Schoharie Union," 1864-69; was dep- uty surveyor of the port of New York, 1869-7S, and private secretary to Gov- ernor Cornell, 1880-83 : was a mem- ber of the state legislature in 180') and 1897. Ibenrv Ibarper BencMct, a part- ner in the famous house of W'yi koff, Sea- mans & Benedict, has an interesting family history. He is descended from William Benedict, who was living in Nottinghamshire, England, in the year 1500. One Thomas Benedict was the first member of the family in this coun- try, having left his home in Nottingham- shire in 1638, and settled on Long Is- land. He was one of the founders, at Jamaica, L. I., of the first Presbyterian church in America. He was a delegate, appointed by Governor Nichols to the first legislative body in New York ; was a member of the general assembly from 1670 to 1675 ; and was in man\ ways a notable figure in our early colo- nial history. His son James was one of eight men who founded the town of Danbury, Conn. Later members of the family were equally enterprising, and took an active part in the redemption of the American wilderness to civilization. Micaiah Benedict, the father of our pres- ent subject, was an especially distin- guished scion of the common stock. Born in Her- kimer county, New York, in 1801, he was an influ- ential factor in the political and social life of cen- tral New York throughout his long life. He was an ardent Democrat up to the time of the Civil \\'ar, when he shifted his allegiance to the Republican party, with which he remained until his death in 1881. Henry Harper Benedict, born in Herkimer county somewhat more than fifty years ago, received an excellent education. After attending Little Falls Academy, and Fairfield Seminary in his native town, he secured additional preparatory training at Mar- shall Institute, Easton, N. Y., and then took the regular course at Hamilton College. He joined the Delta Kappa Epsilon fraternity w^hile at Hamilton. During a part of his college course he taught Latin and the higher mathematics in Fairfield Seminary. After graduating from Hamilton in 1869, Mr. Bene- dict entered the service of E. Remington &: Sons, the famous manufacturers of firearms, at Ilion, N. \'. IlLSRY HAf'H'IiR UEMIDICT He received a position of trust at the start, and improved his opportunities so well that he was made a director in the corporation, and treasurer of the Remington Sewing Machine Co. fi4 MEN OF NEW YORK MANHA TTAN SECTION Mr. Benedict has long been thought of chiefly in connection with typewriting machines. In 1882 the lirm of Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict was formed for the purpose of marketing the Remington type- writer, the firm of K. Remington & Sons having contracted to give the new concern exchisive selling rights. The business grew so rapidly under the improved facilities for distribution, that Wyckoff, Seamans & Benedict bought the whole plant and patent rights of the Ilion concern in 18.SG. This arrangement accelerated even more the progress of the house ; and in Mav, 1892, the business was incor- porated with a capital stock of three million dollars. Mr. Benedict's part in this wonderful success has been important from the first. Soon after the new organization was effected, he went to Europe in the interest of the firm ; and since then he has been abroad many times for both business and recreative purposes. He has had charge of the foreign depart- ment of the business, and has established successful agencies in all parts of the civilized world. Mr. Wyckoff, the senior partner in the original firm, and president of the incor]3orated company, died in July, 1895 ; and Mr. Benedict was elected to the presi- dency. Mr. Benedict has always been active in the social life of his community. At Ilion he was one of the organizers of the First Presbyterian Church ; and served the society as an elder, trustee, and treasurer. For many years he was president of the Ilion Liter- ary Association, meeting in that capacity many of the most prominent men of the country in connec- tion with the annual lecture course of the associa- tion. He was also president of the Herkimer County Bible Society. Both Mr. and Mrs. Benedict are now members of Dr. John Hall's Fifth Avenue i'resbyterian Church in New York, but they com- monly attend Dr. Storrs's Church of the Pilgrims, near their residence in Brooklyn. Mr. Benedict is especially interested in engravings and etchings, and has at his home a collection of jjrints by the great masters that is probably unexcelled by any collection of similar size elsewhere. He has also a fine library, and a collection of oil paintings, mostly of the early and modern Dutch and modern French schools, which is almost as choice as his assemblage of jirints. Mr. Benedict is a member of the Hamilton Club and of the Long Island Historical Society in Brooklyn; and of the (irolier. Republican, D. K. F,., and LTnion League Clubs in New York. He is a trustee of Hamilton College, and of the Brooklyn Institute of Arts and Sciences. PERSO NA L CHR ONOLOG ] '— Henry Harper Benedict 7aas born al German Flats, Herk- imer county, N. Y. , October 0, 1S4-4 > graduated from Hamilton College in 1869 ; married Maria Nellis of Fort Plain, N. V. , October 10, 1867 ; entered the employ of E. Remington &-' Sons in 1869 ; has been a member of the firm of Wyckoff, Seamans &= Benedict since 1S82, and its president since 189'). jfrcberic IRene CouDert, one of the most distinguished members of the New York bar, was born in New York city in 1832. His father, Charles Coudert, had come to America eight years earlier, after an adventurous career in the armies of Napoleon I., and subsequently in the service of the Bonapartes. Frederic Coudert obtained his early education at his father's school in New York city, afterward entering Columbia College, and graduating thence with high honors at the age of eighteen. He then devoted himself for three years to newspaper work, transla- tions, teaching, and the study of law. Admitted to the bar in 1853, Mr. Coudert soon formed a partnership with two brothers for the prac- tice of law. The firm of Coudert Brothers has con- tinued ever since, and has long been one of the strongest legal a.s.sociations in the state. Its clients include important individual litigants, large mercan- tile corporations, and several Pkiropean governments. Mr. Coudert'.s surpassing powers as a lawyer are due to a combination of qualities, any one of which would secure a fair measure of success, and all of which together explain his brilliant career. His native intellectual talents have been reinforced by education and long training in the law. He is a convincing advocate before a jury, an entertaining after-dinner speaker, and a powerful orator on more important occasions. He has delivered many notable addresses, and has contributed articles to the leading journals on subjects of public interest. Mr. Coudert has repeatedly declined to enter public life ; but he has long been prominent in political aflairs, and has been for many years one of the leaders of the Democratic party. He strongl}- supported Covernor Tilden, Mayor Grace, Grover Cleveland, and Governor Robinson. He was espe- cially active in the Tilden-Hayes election of 187fi, when he was sent to New Orleans to secure a feir count of the Louisiana vote. Again in 1884 he took a prominent jiart in the jjresidential election, making many speeches in behalf of the Democratic candi- date. He was at one time president of the Young Men's Democratic Club of New York city. Mr. Coudert has held numerous positions of trust and responsibility. He was ]jresident of the French Benevolent Society for ten years, of the Columbia College Alumni Association for a long time, of MEX OF NE]f )'(yx'K— MANHATTAX SKCTIOX 65 the United States Catholic Historical Society for several terms, of the New York Bar Association, and of the Democratic and Manhattan clubs. For three years he was one of the government directors of the Union Pacific railroad. He has been a trustee of Seton Hall College, New Jersey, and of Columbia and Barnard colleges. He has been a director in many social and charitalile organizations. The degree of LL.D. has been given to him twice ; and that of J. U. D. (Doctor of Both Laws) was awarded to him by Columbia in 18fS7, when he was selected to deliver the ora- tion commemorating the hundredth anni- versary of the college foundation. Mr. Coudert has received the Cross of the Legion of Honor from the French gov- ernment, and similar honors from the governments of Italy and Bolivia. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — Frederic Rene Coudert was horn at Neiv York citx Marcli 1, 1832 ; graduated from Colundna College in 1850 : was admitted to the liar in 1853 ; married Miss Me- Credy of New York city February 10, 1862 ; has been a member of the law firm of Coudert Brothers, New York citx, since its formation about 1853. George 1t». Daniels, one of the best-known and most efficient railroad officials in the world, was born in Kane county, Illinois, fifty-odd years ago. At the early age of fifteen he began his long career in the transportation industry by becoming a rodman in the engineering corps of the North Missouri railroad. From this humble beginning Mr. Daniels advanced rapidly in his calling until he had gained a place among the foremost railroad managers of the West. In 1872, when only thirty years old, he was made general freight and passen- ger agent of the Chicago & Pacific railroad. His success in this position was marked, and he contin- ued for eight years to serve the company in the capacity mentioned. From 1880 until 1882 he was general ticket agent of the Wabash, St. Louis & Pacific railway. Entering a somewhat different department of rail- road work at the end of his service with the Wabash system, Mr. Daniels acted as commissioner of the Iowa Trunk Line Association for the first ten months of 1882. In November, 1882, he was elected com- missioner of the Colorado 'I'rafific Association, and occupied the position until 18,S(i. During this time he organized the Utah Traffic Association, and sev- eral local associations of the railroads terminating in Colorado and Utah, of which he was also elected commissioner. He resigned these positions in 18>S() to accept the commissionership of the Central FREDERIC RE\E COl'DERT Passenger Committee, which was soon succeeded by the Central Traffic Association, of which he was elected vice chairman, and also chairman of the Chicago East-Bound Passenger Committee. This was his important place in the railroad world in March, 1889, when he was appointed general pas- senger agent of the New York Central & Hudson River railroad. Mr. Daniels's railroad training had been unusually broad, and much of his experience was especially useful in discharging the duties of his new position. The passenger agent of a great east-and-west trunk line must have an immense fund of knowledge, at once minute and comprehensive, of the traffic con- ditions of the whole country. He must know AfEX OF .\7-:ir )(>A'A-- .]/,!. \7/.l7TAX SECTION thoroughly not only all the legitimate methods adopted by reputable officials for securing business, but as well all the underhand devices sometimes used by unscrupulous or insolvent companies for obtaining traffic-. He must be a broad-minded man, i|uick to recognize and meet the just demands of the GEOh'CE II. n.l.XIHLS traveling jniblic, loyal in the last degree to the interests of his company, but judiciously liberal in his treatment of questions affecting in contrary ways his company and the public. In these close-com- peting days, moreover, a passenger agent must be an advertising expert of the first rank. All the.se requirements and many more not .speci- fied, Mr. Daniels satisfies abundantly. It goes without .saying that he ])Ossesses great executive ability ; but he has in addition a capacity for work that seems at times unlimited. The multifarious and unceasing duties of his position never overwhelm him, and he gives to everything whatever attention may be needed for the pro|)er and final disposition of the matter. "America's (Greatest Railroad" owes a large part of its fame to the skillful and persistent advertising conceived and carried out by Mr. Dan- iels. The various publications emanating from the pa.ssenger department of the New York Central are models of their class, and have undoubtedly been very effective in giving to the system the splendid prestige that it now enjoys. During the eight years that have come and gone since Mr. Daniels assumed the duties of his present position the passenger ser- vice of the New York Central has shown remarkable progress. To ascribe this improvement exclusively to the general passenger agent would be unjust to other officials : but the statement may safely be made that Mr. Daniels is largely responsible for the unsurpassed service now offered to the traveling public by this great com]3any. On the personal side Mr. Daniels is widely respected and liked. He is cor- dial in manner, and is otherwise distin- guished for agreeable social qualities. He is a member of the Lotos Club, and for the past five years has been president of the Quaint Club. He was one of the prime movers in the organization of the Transportation Club, and is now on the board of managers. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — George Henry Daniels was born at Hamp- shire, III., December 1, 18^2; entered the railway service in 1S57 as a roilnian ; Idas general freight anil passenger agent of the Chicago &= Pacific railroad, 1S72— 80, and general ticket agent of the Jl'abash, St. Louis &= Pacific raihoay, 1880-82 ; was commissioner of various trafiic asso- ciations, 1882—89 ; has been general pas- senger agent of the New York Central &= Hudson River railroad since April 1, 1880. Jobll (300J), by whom the great cordage indus- try was completely revolutionized, is still in the ])rime of life, having been born in Ireland somewhat more than fifty years ago. Brought to this country in boyhood by his mother, he was forced to go to work as soon as his strength permitted. His first employment was obtained in an old-fashioned rope- w-alk in Brooklyn, where he learned in the course of his apprenticeship all that was to be learned about the old methods of rope making. This was not a great task, since the proce.ss consisted chiefly of laborious hand oiierations, and had not essentially .\//-:.\ ()/■■ .VKir voRK^ArA\H.rrTAN sect/ox ()T changed in the two hundred years during which the industry had been carried on in this country. Having completed his term of service in the rope- walk, Mr. Good became a machinist. He developed great ability in this calling ; and on resuming work in the ropewalk, this time in the capacity of fore- man, he naturally turned his attention to the inven- tion of machinery useful in rope making. The full story of his remarkalile triumphs in this department of industrial activity would make an interesting volume in the history of practical mechanics. It must suffice here to say that his inventions covered the whole process from beginning to end, and that he virtually created a new industry, as little resembling the old as Fulton's " Cleremont " resembled a mod- ern ocean liner. The old-fashioned sheds — low, stretching out hundreds of feet, and filled with operatives, often women, toil- ing laboriously at tasks beyond their strength — have given way to handsome factories equipped with wonderfully effi- cient machinery and labor-saving devices of ever)' kind. Up to 1885 Mr. Good devoted himself e.xclusively to the invention and manu- facture of cordage machinery. Under the conditions described, his business was naturally highly prosperous. .'Ml the rope makers of the world were forced to use his machinery or go out of business, and orders came to him from every quarter. His Brooklyn works were repeatedly enlarged, and furnish employ- ment to hundreds of skillful machinists. Having decided to engage in rope mak- ing himself, Mr. Good built a large fac- tory in 1886 at Ravenswood, a suburb of Brooklyn, having a capacity equal to one third of the total cordage production of the country. In 1887 he began oper- ations. In the same year the National Cordage Association, more commonly called the Cordage Tru.st, wa,s organized. For several years Mr. Good conducted his plant in harmony with the tnist ; but the arrangement was more or less irk- some to him, and in 1X92 he cut loose entirely from the combination. He now operates large cordage factories in Eng- land in addition to the works at Ravenswood, and contemplates the erection of similar plants in several continental countries. At the time of his Jubilee in 1X87 the Pope of Rome determined to honor a numljer of men of his churcli who had rendered conspicuous service to the general cause of humanity, and he bestowed ujion Mr. Good (the only American so honored) the title of "Count of the Holy Roman Empire." Mr. Good belongs to the Metropolitan Museum of .Art, and to the Catholic Club of New York city. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— John Cnnt was born in Coitnly Roscommon, Ireland, in ISJjJj : came to the United States in early boyhood ; learned the business of ro/'c makin;:; in Brooklyn in his youth, and a/ter7oard the machinist' s trade; became foreman of a ropervalk in Brooklyn in 1H(>5, and dcToted his attention to inventing, rope-making machinery ; has car- ried on the manufacture of such machinery since 1869, and the manufacture of cordage {in this country and in England) since JSS7. JO//\ GOOD HbCam S. IF^CWitt, prominent in business and in jiublic life, was boiu seventy-five years ago in a log house still standing in Rockland county, New York. His father came to this country in 1790, and helped to build the first steam engine in America. ()S MEA' OF N/-:iV YORK— A/ANNA rrAN SECT/ON After spending his boyhood on a farm, Mr. Hewitt went to CoUimbia College, and graduated from that institution at the head of his class. He had a scholarship there, thus saving fees for tuition ; but it is worthy of note that he afterward reimbursed the college for this expense. Becoming acting ])rofessor AllR.t.\r S. HEWITT of mathematics at Columbia after his graduation thence, he soon gave up that calling, in consequence of impaired eyesight, and went to Europe in 1844 with his classmate and friend, Edward Cooper, a son of Peter Cooper. The Mobile packet " Alabamian," in which they returned, foundered at sea, and they narrowly escaped death. After his admission to the bar in 1845, Mr. Hew- itt formed a partnership with Edward Cooper in the business of iron manufacturing. The venture was well conceived, and Messrs. Cooper and Hewitt may be regarded as among the most successful iron manu- facturers in the United States. They were the first to manufacture iron girders and supports for fire- proof buildings. Taking a trip to England in 18(!2 for the purpose of studying the process of making iron for gun barrels, Mr. Hewitt was able to supply the government with this material during the Civil War. Many government contractors accumulated fortunes during the war, but his firm furnished this material to the government at the cost of manufac- ture. For a number of years in the decade 1870-80 the works were con- ducted at an annual loss ; but since then the business has been profitable and suc- cessful for the most part. The policy of the firm has always been especially favor- able to the workmen, and as a rule the plant has been kept in operation in order to provide steady employment. The firm conducts immense plants at Tren- ton, N. J., and elsewhere; and produces large quantities of pig iron, structural iron, and wire. Though the management of this great enterprise has been largely in Mr. Hew- itt's hands, and the success of the under- taking has resulted in great part from his ability as a business man, we must forego further consideration of this part of his career. For the last thirty years Mr. Hewitt has figured prominently in public affairs, and most people know him chiefly in connection with such ser- vices. Appointed in 1867 by the Presi- dent of the United States one of ten commissioners to visit the Paris Exposi- tion and report on the subject of iron and steel, Mr. Hewitt submitted his re- port in a book that was translated into nearly all the European languages. He next came into national prominence in 1874, when he was elected to the house of representatives. His wide business experience and intellectual strength quickly brought him to the front in that body ; and he continued to have membership there, with the exception of a single term, until 1887. His work in congress was of value not only to his constituents, but to the country at large ; and he ac(]uired national fame as an effective speaker and wise legislator on eco- nomic and financial subjects. The bent of his mind disposed him to favor the Democratic point of view on great (juestions ; but throughout his political career the matter of party affiliation has weighed lit- tle with him in comparison with intrinsic conditions of right and justice. He is noted for his liberal views on the tariff question, and believes in the ulti- mate success of the free-trade policy for this country. J/E.y OF XEIV YORK— MANHATTAX SECTION 09 He rendered effective service in congress to the cause of sound finance, and his speeches regarding the coinage of silver dollars were strikingly prophetic of later financial history. He was the author of the legislation creating the National Geological Sur- vey. In the presidential controversy of 1876-77 he advocated, and from his position as chairman of the Democratic national committee largely brought about, the creation of the electoral commission, and the completion of the counts which gave the presiden- tial office to Hayes. Mr. Hewitt never doubted that I'ilden had a majority of the electoral votes. In the fall of IS.SG the labor organizations of New York city united on Henry Cleorge as their candi- date for the office of chief magistrate. Theodore Roosevelt was nominated by the Republicans, and Mr. Hewitt became the candidate of the Democrats and the Independents. Mr. Roosevelt received 60,000 votes, Mr. George 68,000, and Mr. Hewitt 90,000. As mayor, Mr. Hewitt added to his laurels as a statesman. As might have been expected, his administration was honest, vigorous, and businesslike. Since the organization of the Cooper Union Mr. Hewitt has been secretary of the board of trustees, and has virtually controlled the management of the insti- tution. In 1883 he was elected presi- dent of the Columbia College Alumni Association, and in 1887 his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of Doctor of Laws. In addition to his iron busi- ness he has had an interest in many industrial corporations, and has served as director in several important com- panies. He has been an active member in a number of the leading clubs, includ- ing the Union, Century, Metropolitan, and Players.' PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Abram Stevens LLewitt was born at Hav- erstraiv, N. K, Jicly 31, 1S22 ; grad- uated from Columbia College in 18^2 ; 7cias admitted to the bar i?i 1845 ; was a member of the natiofial house of rep- resentatives, 1875-79 and 1881-87 ; was mayor of New York city, 1887-88; mar- ried Sarah Amelia Cooper, the only daugh- ter of Peter Cooper, in 1855 ; has en- gaged in the busitiess of iron manufacture since 18^5. public life as state senator from the Queens-county district in the sessions of 1896-97. He was born in the province of Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, about forty years ago, of excellent family ; his grandfather having been knighted by Frederick VII., King of Denmark, and his father decorated with the Iron Cross. Mr. Koehler was educated in his native land, and at the age of fifteen began business life in one of the largest commercial houses in the city of Liibeck. He spent four years in this establishment, and ob- tained thus a thorough training in business methods and management. Although this experience was largely in the line of his subsequent successful career, it did not satisfy the restless ambition of the boy of nineteen ; and accordingly he enlisted as a sharp- shooter in the (ierman armv, with the idea of devoting IbeoDore IROeblCr 's known in the business world as an accountant of unusual abilitv, and in THEOnORR K'OF.fl/./iK himself to a military life. This plan was not to be carried out, however. A friend and classmate who had left his fatherland several years before for the new world, wrote back glowing accounts of the 70 MEX OF .XKir YORK— MAX HATTAN SECT/OX happiness and prosperity to be found there ; and Mr. Koehler was seized with a desire to try his fortunes in America. It was not so easy a matter to secure a discharge from the army ; but as the times happened to be peaceful this was accomplished, and in 1876, at the age of twenty, he landed in Philadelphia. On his arrival Mr. Koehler was greeted by the news of the unexpected death of the friend on whose advice and assistance he had relied in securing a foothold in a strange land ; and he was therefore obliged to make a start for himself as best he could. After several years spent in various occupations, he went to South America in 188.S in the service of an English firm, and there joined an exploring expedi- tion and encountered many hardships and perils. The next year he represented the same firm at the New Orleans Cotton Exhibition. Returning then to New York city, he spent a short time as manager of a wholesale establishment, and in 1885 became head bookkeeper and auditor of one of the largest industrial firms in Long Island City and New York, with whom he remained for the next ten years. 'I'he subject of accounts and of general commer- cial law had always interested Mr. Koehler deeply. In his younger days he had devoted considerable time to teaching these subjects, and he now returned to the work with satisfaction. His services were often in requisition by business firms whose accounts had become involved ; and he soon became recog- nized as an authority in such matters, and gained a wide reputation as an expert accountant. Mr. Koehler first became known in public life through his appointment by the officials of Long Island City to examine and report upon the condi- tion of the books in the various departments of the city government, which were in a most unsatisfactory condition. The world of politics interested him, and he began to take an active part in political affairs. In 1892 he was elected to represent Long Island City on the Queens-county board of super- visors, and was re-elected the next year by a large majority. He interested himself especially in the construction of the tunnel under Newtown creek, and in the matter of securing good roads throughout the county. In 1895 Mr. Koehler's popularity was evidenced by his nomination on the Democratic ticket for the office of state senator. He was duly elected, and was the first senator ever chosen from Long Island City. As might have been expected, he gave special attention in the legislature to bills relating to commercial affairs. He distinguished himself by his open opposition to all forms of stock- watering, and was particularly active in effecting the passage of the Certified Accountants act. He served as a member of the important committees on finance, insurance, and agriculture. Senator Koehler is one of the oldest members of the Institute of Accounts of the City of New York, and belongs to the Society of Certified Public Accountants of the State of New York and the National Society of Public Accountants. F£J?S ON A L CHR ONOL OGY— Theodorc Koehler 7vas born in Sc/i/esicng-Hohtcin, Germany, July 30, 1850 : was ahtcatcd in German sciioo/s ; icas employed in a business luvise in Liibeek, 1871—70 : came to ilie United States in 1870, and has engaged in various business enterprises ; was supervisor from Long /stand City, 189S-9Ji. ; zvas elected to the state senate ill 1805. tCbomas JFlctcber ©aftes, widely known in the Northwest as a railroad manager, was born in Boston fifty-four years ago. He is descended from excellent English stock, traceable in this country from about the year 1700; his grandfather, Daniel Oakes, having served in the armies of the Revolu- tion. After obtaining a good education at the Eliot School in Boston, Mr. Oakes engaged at once in the business with which he has always been identified — the great transportation industry. Taking up his residence in St. Louis in June, 1863, when less than twenty years old, as the pur- chasing agent of the Kansas Pacific railroad, he made rapid progre.ss in his chosen calling. He became successively assistant treasurer of the company, gen- eral freight agent, and finally general superintendent. In each of these positions he had an excellent oppor- tunity to familiarize himself thoroughly with the best methods of railroad management ; and his various changes of work in the way of promotion ultimately ei|uipped him with an uncommonly comprehensive knowledge of the transportation business. His abil- ity, moreover, began to be recognized outside the limits of his own company ; and in April, 1879, he was made superintendent of the Kansas City, Fort Scott & Cjulf, and of the Kansas City, Lawrence & Southern railroads. This appointment was followed by another advance in March, 1880, when he was made vice president and general manager of the Oregon Railway & Navigation Co. Before this he had lived for the most part in St. Louis and Kan.sas City, but his headquarters in the new position were at Portland, Ore. The Oregon Railway & Navigation Co. had close relations wath the Northern Pacific railroad, and in 1881 Mr. Oakes began his long service with the latter corporation by a.ssuming the duties of vice president. In November, 188.'?, he became general ME.X OF XEir VORK—AfAXNATTAX SECTfOX manager of the company, also ; and in 1888 he became president. He discharged eilficiently the duties of that most responsible office until October, 1893, when he became one of the receivers of the corporation. He performed the duties of that office until October, 1896, when, after nearly thirty- three years of continuous railroad work, he retired from the service. The Court, in accepting his resignation, awarded him a handsome sum as extra compensa- tion for the faithful discharge of the trust reposed in him. i\Ir. Oakes makes his home at .Mama- roneck, but he is virtually a New Yorker. He is a life member of the American Geographical Society ; and also belongs to several prominent clubs of New York, including the Union League, Metropoli- tan, New York Yacht, and Riding. He is also a member of clubs in St. Paul and on' the Pacific coast. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y — Thomas Fletcher Oakes 7cias horn at Bos- ton Jutv 15, ISiS ; toas educated at the Eliot School, Boston ; married Abhy R. Haskell of Gloucester, Mass., January 27, 1861^ ; occupied important positions 7vith the Kansas Pacific and other rail- roads, 1863-81 ; became vice president of the Northern Pacific railroad in 1881, president in 1888, attd one of the receivers of the company in 1893. (IbarleS IParSOUS, the well-known capitalist and railroad manager, was born in Y'ork county, Maine, in 1829. He is descended from English ancestors, one of whom, Joseph Parsons, settled in Springfield, Mass., in 163o, and moved to Northampton in 1(552. After attending the com- mon schools at Alfred and Kennebunkport, Me., Charles Parsons obtained higher instruction in the academy at Yarmouth in the same state. At the age of twenty-one he went to Providence, R. I., com- pleting his education in that city. He lived there with his uncle, Dr. Usher Parsons. Mr. Parsons began his active business life in 1853, when he went to New Orleans for the purpose of shipping produce to the northern markets. Remain- ing in that city during the winter of 1853-54, he changed his base of operations to Savannah, Ga., where he engaged in the commission business for about seven years. ^Vhen the outlireak of civil war destroyed his business, Mr. Parsons formed a part- nership with his brother Edwin in New York city, and has ever since made that place his home. Mr. Parsons is most widely known in connection with railroad property. He was chairman of the purchasing committee of the New Jersey Midland Railway Co., and bought the road in 1880 at the THO.VAS FLETCHER OAKEH foreclosure sale. He reorganized the property, and was president of the new company for one year : the road was ultimately consolidated with the New York, Suscjuehanna & Western railroad. Mr. Parsons has been president of the Rome, \Vatertown & Ogdens- burg railroad since 1883, and has developed the property with consummate skill. The mileage has been considerably increased, the permanent way has been vastly improved, and the earning capacity of the road has been correspondingly expanded. On March 14, 1891, he leased the road for the term of its corporate existence to the New York Central & Hudson River company. In 1892 Mr. Parsons was elected president of the New York & New England railroad, his son Charles taking the office of vice ^rEN OF XEIV YORK— MAXHATTAX SECT/OX president ; but after one year he withdrew from this corporation. An interesting episode in the life of Mr. Parsons concerns his connection with the municipal bonds of New Orleans. After this city had defaulted on its bonds, and the market value of the .same had CHARLES PARSOXS depreciated to about one third of their face value, Mr. Parsons invested heavily in the securities. He then took legal action to enforce taxation on the part of the city for the purpose of redeeming the bonds. This step was contested by the municipal authorities, but the Supreme Court of the United States unani- mousl)' ordered a peremptory manJamiis to be issued to force the levying of taxes sufficient to pay the principal and interest of the bonds. Mr. Parsons has membership in the New York Chamber of Commerce, the American (leographical Society, the New York Historical Society, and the New York Stock Exchange. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Charles Parsons was born at Alfred, Me. , February C>, 1829 ; 7oas educated in Ya?-mouth (^Me. ) Academy and in Pro7'idence, R. I. ; engaged in the produce commission business in the South, 1853-61 ; married Sarah I. Shepley of Proindence, R. I. , in 1855 ; has been largely inferested in railroad management for many years, and has been president of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg railroad since June, 1883. IRUSSell Sage, the famous finan- cier, wa.s born in Oneida county, New York, during James Madison's second term in the White House. Spending his early years on a farm and as an errand boy in a country grocery, Mr. Sage found scant time for mental cul- ture ; but he studied evenings, and otherwise acquired a fair education. His chief successes, however, in early life were of a commercial nature ; and he had already become a capitalist in a small way when he reached his majority, and established, in partnership with his brother, a grocery store at I'roy, N. Y. After buying out his brother, increasing the business markedly, and selling the same on advantageous terms, he formed a partnership with John W. Bates in 1839 to conduct a wholesale business in groceries. This venture also was en- tirely successful, and in five years Mr. Sage bought his partner's interest. He continued to transact the business for several years thereafter, or until more important affairs demanded his entire time. About 1850 Mr. Sage began to inter- est himself in the subject of transporta- tion. He became specially concerned with the various railroads in central New York that ultimately formed the New York Central line. He was one of the original directors of the New York Central company, and has been for several years now the only living member of the first board. His operations were not confined to the East, how- ever. Having advanced money to the La Crosse railroad, now a part of the Chicago, Milwaukee & St. Paul system, he found it necessary, in order to protect his loans, to invest still more in the property. In this way he acquired a large block of the stock of the road, and finally became a director and vice president of the company. Since then his invest- ments in railroads and other transportation com- panies have been enormous. He is said, indeed, to have had an active part in the construction of over MEN OF NEW YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION 5000 miles of American railroads. He is still con- nected with more than forty railroads, holding the presidency of some, directorates in many, and an important interest in all. No one nowadays thinks of Russell Sage as a politician ; but for many years he was exceedingly active and influential in local, state, and national politics. Becoming an alderman of Troy in 1845, he held the office seven years. He was also treasurer of Rensselaer county for an ec|ual period. He en- tered the sphere of national politics in 1848, when he attended the national convention of the Whig party, and had an important part in effecting the nomination of General Taylor. Nominated for congress in 1850 by the Whigs of Troy, Mr. Sage failed of election ; but in 1852 he received a small majority of the votes cast, and two years later he was re-elected by an overwhelming vote. He showed himself an efficient legislator i during his four years in congress, ren- dering special service by securing the [ appointment of a congressional commit- j tee to report upon the condition of Mount Vernon. As a result of this report the historic estate was purchased from its private owner, and reserved forever as a memorial to Washington. For many years Russell Sage has been regarded mainly as a Wall-street mag- nate. Beginning his operations there in 1861, he became a greater and greater power in the financial world as time went on. Occasionally he has taken part in extensive Wall-street campaigns, but he has usually preferred not to incur the great risks incident to such opera- tions. About twenty-five years ago he originated the selling of privileges — what are known in the parlance of the street as "puts," "calls," and "strad- dles ' ' ; and since then he has employed his enormous capital largely in such deal- ings. Few men in the country — or in the world, as for that — have so much money loaned out as has Russell Sage. In 1895 Mr. Sage presented a hand- some dormitory costing $120,000 to the Troy Female Seminary, from which Mrs. Sage graduated. Mr. and Mrs. Sage have attended for many years the Pres- byterian church, in the charities of which they have taken an important part. Mr. Sage is not what is known as a clubman, Ixit he belongs to the New Eng- land Society, and to a few other kindred associations. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G F— Russell Sage tvas horn at Verona, Oneida eoini/y, N. V., August 4^, 1816 ; established a grocery store in Troy, N. V. , in 1837, and a similar wholesale establishment in 1839 : was alderman of Troy, 18^5—52, treasurer of Rensselaer county for seven years, and member oj congress, 18S3—57 ; married Maria Winne if Troy in 18Ifl, who died in 1807 : married Margaret Olii'ia Slocum of Syracuse in 1869 ; has been increasingly in- terested in railroad management since 1850, and in Wall-street operations since 1801. amSi XorenSO iSSarber, whose name at once suggests perfect pavements, was born in Windham county, Vermont, fifty-odd years ago. His family were all Vermont people. His father, the Rev. Amzi D. Barber, deserves s]jecial mention because RUSSELL SAGE of his singularly strong and noble character. He was one of the students who left the Lane Theologi- cal Seminary in Cincinnati in the early days of the slavery agitation, because the discussion of the 74 MEN OF NFAV YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION question had been forbidden by the faculty. Un- willing to endure such stifling of free speech, he withdrew from the institution, walked across Ohio to Oberlin, and ultimately graduated from the theo- logical department of the college there. AMZI I.OREXZO BARBER Moving from Vermont to Ohio in boyhood with his family, Amzi L. Barber received his early edu- cation in various Ohio towns. He finally prepared for college in the Cleveland High School, and entered Oberlin in 1862. He was forced by ill health to stay away from college one year, which he spent in the wilds of northern Michigan ; so that he did not take his degree at Oberlin until 1867. Contemplat- ing at that time a professional career, Mr. Barber accepted an offer tendered by Ceneral O. O. How- ard to take charge of the normal department of Howard University. Moving to Wa.shington, D. C, accordingly, in April, 1868, he remained at Howard University until 1872, ultimately becoming professor of natural philosophy. He then resigned his pro- fessorship to engage in the real-estate business in Washington. The panic of 1873 and subsequent depression brought disaster to many operators in \Va.shington real estate ; but Mr. Barber retained his holdings, and finally sold them out at a handsome ]jrofit. It was not until 1878 that Mr. Barber took up the business with which most people now identify him — that of a.sphalt paving. The streets of Washington were for many years as notoriously bad they are now famously good. The im- provement began, to be sure, before Mr. Barber became interested in the matter ; but many miles of asphalt in the capital were laid by him, and there he first gained fame as the maker of superb streets. His business had reached such proportions by 1883 that he deemed it desirable to incorporate the Barber As- phalt Paving Co. For the purpose of securing an ample and unfailing supply of the raw material used in asphalt pav- ing, Mr. Barber in 1887 negotiated a concession from the British government of a forty-two-year lease of the famous lake of natural pitch on the island of Trinidad ; and the Trinidad Asphalt Co. was organized in 1888 for the purpose of using this grant. Mr. Barber is the chief stockholder and officer of the two com- panies mentioned. So far, more than one thousand lineal miles of asphalt pavement have been laid in eighty cities of the United States, at a cost of over 850,000,000. Com])anies have recently been formed to introduce the pavement in foreign countries. In 1870 Oberlin College conferred the degree of A. M. on Mr. Barber; and in 1876 the Columbian University gave him the degree of Bachelor of Laws. He has a strong affection for Oberlin, and has served the college for many years as trustee. /' ERSO NA L CHR ONOLOGY ~ Amzl Lorenzo Barber laas horn at Saxtons River, J'/., June 22, IS.'fi : };ratinafed from Oberlin Co/lege in 1S07 ; niarrieJ Celia M. Bradley of Geneva, O., in 1S68, 7o/io (lied in 1871) ; married Julia Louise Langdru of Belmont, N. V. , in 1S7 1 ; 7C'as a professor in Jfo7vard University, Washington, D. C, 1868-72 ; engaged in the real-estate business in Washington in 1872 : began the business of street paving in 1878, and has been president of the Barber Asphalt Paving Co. since 18S.>, and of the Trinidad Asphalt Co. sinee 1888. MEN OF NEW YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION 1F30pper StriUcr ^DOtt belongs to one of the oldest and most distinguished tamilies in America. The pioneer of his paternal line was one Adam Mott, who emigrated from Essex, England, in early colonial days, and settled in New York. It has been thought that this founder of the New York family was the same Adam Mott who landed in Boston in 1635, but a careful examination of the facts shows this to be an error. The Boston immi- grant was from Cambridge, Englarfd ; and neither his wife's name nor those of his children and later descendants agree with corresponding names re- lating to the New York family. The old records show that Adam Mott of New York was married to Jane Hulet of Buckingham, England, in the Dutch church of New Amsterdam, July 28, 1B47 ; and the names of his children occur in his will, dated March 12, 1681-2, and recorded in the surrogate's office of New York city. Adam Mott's name first appears in the Albany records of 1644 and 1645, where he is mentioned as a witness in court. On August 25, 1646, the Dutch government granted to him a tract of land on Mespath kill (now Newtown creek). When he arrived in Hempstead, Long Island, is not known, as the first volume of the town records, covering the years from 1643 to 1656, is lost. In the oldest extant annals of the town he is mentioned as one of the five townsmen chosen March 17, 1657. He became a Dutch citizen, and some of his descendants intermarried with the old Knicker- bocker stock. Born in New York city in 1854, Hopper S. Mott received an unusually thorough education. Attend- ing first General Lockwood's private school at Tarry- town, he afterward went to the Military Academy in Peek.skill, and to Charlier's French School in New York city. This excellent preparatory training was appropriately followed by a general and a legal course at Columbia College. He left the latter before graduation because of death in his family, and the consequent necessity of his managing the family estate, which fell to himself and his brother. Alexander Hosack Mott, in 1873. This estate consists of parts of the old Mott farm, originally acquired by grant from the Dutch, which stretched across the northwestern part of the island of Manhattan from a jjoint near the present location of Fifth avenue to the Hudson river, and beyond to the uplands on the New Jersey side. A complete history of this farm would not only be a most entertaining narrative, but would constitute an authentic record of an im])ortant part of the first city in the land. The burial plot of the family was located near what is now the junction of Fiftieth street and Ninth avenue ; and so recently as 1883 a stone wall, visible from the highway, showed the location of the plot. The lower side of this lot was reserved for the burial of the negro slaves. Jor- dan Mott, the grandfather of our present subject, freed in his will such slaves as then belonged to the family. The growth of New York in recent years has been marked in all directions, but has nowhere been more vigorous than in that part of the city with which the Mott estate is concerned. Mr. Mott, accordingly, has found it possible to considerably improve the commercial position of the family property. Making his headquarters in an office on Eleventh avenue, located on ground that once formed a part of the original farm, he has given the estate for many years the benefit of his un- divided attention. The work has been so absorbing under the conditions of constant growth and change, and the responsibilities of the trust have been so great, that he has felt unable and unwilling to assume outside obligations, or to engage in any other business on his own account. As might lie surmised from his birth and educa- tion, Mr. Mott is a man of engaging social qualities. Several of the most exclusive clubs in the city have enrolled his name on their meinbership list — the Union League, for example, and the Metropolitan, the St. Nicholas, and the Country. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Hopper Striker Mott was horn at New York city April 19, lS5Jf ; was educated at Columbia College ; married May Lenox of New York April 19, 1875; has demoted himself to the care of the family estate since 1873. Milliam SCWarC* MCbb, one of the best- known financiers and corporation managers of New York city, is just entering upon the prime of life, having been born soon after the middle of the cen- tury. He belongs to a distinguished family, his grandfather, General Samuel B. Webb, having been one of the minutemen in the Revolution ; and his father, James Watson Webb, having served his coun- try effectively in less trying times. To the inherited advantages implied in such a past, Dr. Webb added early in life the benefits of an uncommonly thorough education. Carefiil in- struction from jirivate tutors paved the way for a five years' course at Colonel Churchill's military school at Sing Sing. He then spent two years at Columbia College, and after that went abroad to study medi- cine in Paris, Vienna, and Berlin. Returning to New York he took the regular course at the College of Physicians and Surgeons, from which he graduated 7fi MEN OF NEW YORK— MANHATTAN SECTION in 1875. Success in a competitive examination then brought him an appointment as physician at St. Luke's Hospital, New York city, where he remained for two years and a half. At the end of that ])eriod he engaged in general practice in New York, but soon abandoned that occupation to join llV/.f./.-I.W SEUARD WEBB his brother in a stock -brokerage business. He was meeting with substantial .success in Wall street when his father-in-law, William H. Vanderbilt, offered him the presidency of the Wagner Palace Car Co. This was in 188-3, and ever since then Dr. Webb has managed the business of that corporation. Under his vigorous administration the affairs of the com]jany have prospered markedly : large additions to the rolling stock have been made, the territory within which the company's cars are operated has been greatly extended, and the earnings of the cor- poration have been correspondingly augmented. Dr. Webb is a director in several railroad compa- nies, including the P'itchburg, the Bennington & Rut- land, the Central Vermont, and the Find- lay, Fort Wayne & Western. He is also a director of the Lincoln Safe De])Osit Co., the Continental Trust Co., and the Na- tional Life Insurance Co. He is greatly interested in the Adirondack region, having large landed possessions there. He is jiresident of the St. Lawrence & Adirondack Railway Co., and has built over 200 miles of railroad in northern New York. A sanitarium for sufferers from pulmonary diseases has recently been built near Saranac lake, New York, upon 100 acres of land contributed for the purpose by Dr. Webb. In virtue of lineal descent as already de- scribed. Dr. Webb acquired membership in the Sons of the American Revolution : and he was president of the general or- der for three terms. He belongs to almost all the prominent clubs of New York, including the Metropolitan, Union League, University, Riding, and others. He owns a beautiful and finely cultivated farm at Shelburne, Vt., and is otherwise largely interested in the Green Mountain State. He is an aid-de-camp on the staff of the governor of Vermont, with the rank of colonel, and is a member of the ' Vermont legislature. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — William Seward Webb luas born at N'eia York city January SI, 1851 : a/tniJcil Columbia College ; studied medicine abroad and in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and received his degree in 1875 ; practiced his pro- fession in New York, 1875-78; married Eliza Osgood Va/iderbilt of New York December 20, 1881 ; engaged in the stock-brokerage business, 1878-83 ; has been president of the JVagner Palace Car Co. since 1883. EASTERN SECTION In the Eastern Section are published the biographies of subjects from the counties of Albany, Clinton, Dutchess, Essex, Frank- lin, Fulton, Herkimer, Jefferson, Lewis, Montgomery, Oneida, Onondaga, Orange, Oswego, Rensselaer, St. Lawrence, Saratoga, Schoharie, Ulster, and Warren. MEN OF THE EASTERN SECTION CbarleS Hll&reWS, for more than a ([uarter of a century judge of the Court of Appeals of the state of New York, has had a career of uninterrupted suc- cess both at the bar and on the bench of the Empire State. Born in Oneida county seventy years ago, he attended for a time the common schools of that early day ; and then finished his education, so far as schools were concerned, at the Oneida Conference Seminary at Cazenovia. Then, as now, the legal profession offered to young men of ability an invit- ing field of labor; and Judge Andrews determined to become a lawyer. He went to Syracuse, there- fore, where he became a student in the office of Sedgwick & Outwater. It did not take long to con- vince him that that city would be a good place to begin the practice of his jjrofession, since it was increasing rapidly in both population and wealth, and possessed obvious natural and artificial advan- tages that seemed destined to make it the most important city in central New York. In January, 1849, he was admitted to practice, and began his career at the Onondaga-county bar. In 18.51 he associated himself with Charles B. Sedgwick, one of his former preceptors, in the firm of Sedgwick & Andrews. Four years later George N. Kennedy was admitted to partnership, the style becoming Sedgwick, Andrews & Kennedy. This association lasted for fifteen years, or until Judge ."Andrews's elevation to the bench. Judge Andrews's public career began soon after his admission to the bar, since he was elected dis- trict attorney of Onondaga county in 1853 for a term of three years. In 18G1, when but thirty-four years old, he was elected mayor of Syracuse, and was re-elected in 1862 and again in 1868. He filled the office with credit to himself and to the city; but higher honors, and those of a more congenial kind, were in store for him. After serving with distinc- tion in 1867 as delegate at large to the state consti- tutional convention, and thus strengthening his pop- ularity throughout the state, he was elected in IVIay, 1870, an a.ssociate judge of the Court of Appeals. His term began July 1 of the same year and lasted fourteen years. Judge Folger, the chief judge of the court, retired in 1881 to become secretary of the treasury, and Judge Andrews was appointed by Gov- ernor Cornell to fill the vacancy. In the fall of 1882 he was the Republican candidate for the office, but was defeated by his opponent, the late William C. Ruger. At the expiration of his first term in 1884, Judge Andrews received the unusual distinc- tion of a nomination for a second term by both polit- ical parties, and was duly elected. In the fall ot 1892 the office of chief judge was once more vacant, owing to the death of Judge Ruger, and Judge Andrews was elected to that high position, receiv- ing the nomination from both Republicans and Democrats. Having reached the limit of seventy years prescribed by the constitution, Judge Andrews retired from the bench January 1, 1898. A man of Judge Andrews's strong individuality and high position could not fail to occupy an impor- tant place in the community where he has lived for half a century. In 1871 he took a prominent part in securing the location at Syracuse of the Methodist Episcopal college now known as the Syracuse Uni- versity, and was appointed one of five trustees repre- senting the city: this ]5osition he has held ever since. In many other ways he has been instrumen- tal in furthering the best interests of the city, and in increasing its prestige at home and abroad. Both Hamilton and Columbia colleges have conferred upon him the honorary degree of LL. D. in recognition of his distinguished attainments. MEX OF NEW 'i'ORK— EASTERN SECTION PERSONA L CHR ONOL OGY— Charles Andrews was horn at New York Mills, N. Y., May 27, 1827 ; zvas educated at Oneida Conference Semi- nary, Cazenovia, TV". Y. ; studied law in Syracuse, and Teas admitted to the bar in 181^9 ; 7vas district attorney of Onondaga county, 185Jf-56 : married CHARLES AXDREWS Marcia A. Shankland of Cortland, N'. Y., May 17, 1855 ; was 7nayor of Syracuse in 18G2, 1863, and 1869 ; 7C'as a delegate at large to the state constitu- tional convention of 1867 ; practiced law at Syracuse, 18Ji.!)—70 ; was elected associate Judge of the Court of Appeals of New York state in 1870, and chief judge in 1893. IRObert p. Buibal of Johnstown, N. Y., was born in Benson, Hamilton county, toward the close of the first half of the century. His father was a successful fanner, a man of unusual intelligence and liberal ideas, who determined to give his two sons a thorough educational training to -fit them for their life-work. Robert was the elder, and was well fitted by natural inclination and ability to take advantage of the opportunities thus afforded him. After secur- ing an elementary education in the district schools, he studied for a year under the Rev. Ira Holmes, and then entered Fort Edward Collegiate Institute. For several years thereafter he divided his time between study and teaching, finally be- coming principal of the high school at Northville, Fulton county, where he re- mained for two years and a half. He met with decided success in this work, and made the school one of the best of its kind in the state. He possessed a remarkably good memory, and both the will and the ability to work hard; and he ultimately secured an excellent edu- cation. During much of this time, also, [udge Anibal had devoted his leisure to read- ing law, both by himself and in the otifice of Judge Wait of Fort Edward ; and he had therefore considerable knowledge of the science when he went to Albany in March, 1870, and became a student in the office of Carrol & Fraser of that city. So far had he advanced, indeed, that in February, 1871, he was admitted to prac- tice ; though he remained in the Albany office for several months thereafter in order to profit by the valuable experi- ence to be gained there. In May, 1872, however, he began professional work at Northville, which had been the scene of his successful labors as a teacher. Being already well and fevorably known in the place, Judge Anibal had no difficulty in securing a professional foothold there ; and it soon became evident that he was to be as successful as a lawyer as he had been as an instructor. His services were more and more in demand, and in a short time he built up a lucrative practice. By the year 1886 his clientage had become so extensive throughout Fulton county that he determined to move to Johnstown, the county seat ; and that city has since been his home. Judge Anibal has now practiced at the Fulton- county bar for a quarter of a century, and has estab- lished an enviable reputation there. For many years many of the most important cases in that part of the state have been intrusted to him, and have been conducted by him with much succe.ss. His fellow-citizens have confidence in his thorough knowledge of the law, and in his painstaking and zealous care for the interests of his clients ; and the MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION result has proved that this confidence has not been misplaced. Judge Anibal has always been an ardent Demo- crat, and a firm believer in the principles of that party. Within a year of his admission to the bar he was elected judge of Fulton county, and for six years presided over the county court with admirable dig- nity and impartiality. Since then he has not aspired to public office, preferring to devote himself to his professional work. His time and talents are freely at the service of his party, however, and he is well known to the voters of Fulton and adjoining coun- ties as an eloquent public speaker and a clear and convincing reasoner. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Robert Philip Anibal was born at Benson, N. Y. , February 22, ISJfO ; was educated at Fort Edward Collegiate Institute ; taught school, studied, and read law, and was admitted to the bar in Feb- . ruary, 1871 : married Frances E. l^an Arnam of Northville, N. Y, April 2 Jf, 1872 ; 7vas county Judge of Fulton county, 1872-77 ; practiced law at Northville, 1872—86 ; has practiced laio at /ohnstoicn, N. Y., since 1886. Ibenrp ID. ;KorSt, one of the lead- ing lawyers of the Mohawk valley, was born in Schoharie county forty-four years ago. He was obliged from an early age to support himself; and after attending the district schools and union free school in his native town of Cobleskill, he spent two years in teaching. During this time, also, he began to read law, unde- terred by the difficulties that beset the path of the student who attempts, with- out sufficient means, to prepare him.self for a professional career. Having ac- cumulated a little capital by his expe- rience as a pedagogue, he took a course at the Brockport Normal School ; and in 1874 entered Cornell University, where he remained two years. Thus having acquired an excellent general education, he went to Albany and took up again his legal studies. Attending the sessions of the Albany Law School, and at the same time studying in the office of James E. Dewey, he was able in an unusually short time to take the bar examinations May, 1877, he was duly admitted to practice. He was but twenty-four years old at this time ; and as he had paid his own way through school and college, the fact that he had completed his professional prep- aration in so short a time was a most creditable achievement. On January 1, 1878, Judge Borst began the active practice of his profession at Fort Plain, N. Y. , form- ing a partnership with De Witt C. Shults that lasted imtil his removal to the other end of the county ten years later. Judge Borst was successful in his pro- fession from the first, and soon had a large and lucra- tive practice. By the year 1883 he had attained such prominence in Montgomery county that he was chosen as the Democratic candidate for district attor- ney, and was duly elected. After completing his term of three years in this position he devoted a few months to his private practice; but on January 1, 1888, he was appointed county judge, and moved to Amsterdam, where he formed a partnership with and in ROBERT P. AXIBAL Z. S. Westbrook that lasted until November, 1894. Since that time he has practiced alone, and has met with marked success. His has been essentially a fighting practice ; and he is notoriously a good MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION fighter, never willing to acknowledge himself de- feated until every resource has failed. Much of his time has been devoted to criminal law, and he has prosecuted and defended several celebrated murder cases. His practice extends throughout the Mohawk llIiXRY r. BORST valley, and probably no lawyer in that section of the state has a larger clientage than he. Judge Borst has been for many years an active worker in behalf of the Democratic party, attending conventions and making speeches in favor of its candidates. In the fall of 1895 he was nominated for state senator in the 27th district, comprising the counties of Montgomery, Fulton, Hamilton, and Schoharie. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity and the Knights of Pythias, and has served as Chan- cellor Commander of the latter organization. He is a prominent member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and in 1897 was chosen tlrand Warden of the order in New York state. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Henry V. Borst was I'oni at Cobleskill, N'. } '. , July 6, 185S ; was educated ai Brockpori Normal School and Cornell University ; taught school and studied laio, and was admitted to the bar in 1877 ; married Mattie Earner of Mineral Springs, N. Y., in June, 1878, and Alida \crdon of Fort Plain, N. Y. , in May, 1882 ; prac- ticed law at Fort Plain, 1878-87 ; toas district attorney of Montgomery county, 1884-80, and county judge, 1888-89; has practiced hno at Amsterdam, N. Y. , since 1888. CF^arles IH. JSulger, one of the most successful attorneys at the Oswego- county bar, and a prominent member of the Democratic party in central New York, was born in the town of Volney, N. Y., forty-five years ago. His father, Dr. W. J. Bulger, was mayor of Oswego in 189S, and his family has been other- wise distinguished in the past. Appre- ciating the advantages of a liberal educa- tion. Dr. Bulger encouraged his son to study for a jirofcssion. Attending first the district schools of his native town, and afterward a school at Gilbert's Mills, Charles ne.\t entered Falley Seminary in Fulton, N. Y. This institution had considerable prestige in its day, and many distinguished men of the Empire State have studied there. Having re- mained at Falley until 1870, Mr. Bulger postponed his legal studies, already in view, for one year of school teaching in Oranby, Oswego county. After that interval he began the study of the law at Fulton, in the office of Stephen & Pardee. Eight months later he resolved to carry out his original intention of getting a thorough classical education, concluding with unusual sagacity that the time thus taken from the law would be more than made up later in life. Taking a preparatory course of one year at St. John's College, Fordham, New York city, he then covered the regular classical course of four years in the same institution, graduating with high standing in June, 1875. Taking up his resi- dence in Oswego, he resumed the study of law in the office of Albertus Perry, one of the leading attorneys of central New York at that time. Mr. Bulger has continued to live in Oswego ever since this date ; and it is an interesting fact that his present law offices in the Grant block are the same that were formerly occupied by his ])receptor Mr. Perrv. MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION With maturer mind and wider knowledge, Mr. Bulger read law much more intelligently than before, and acquired a firmer grasp of the great principles underlying legal science. He was therefore finely equipped for all branches of practice when admitted to the bar in June, 1879. His advancement from that time was rapid, both in his profession and in public life. .Soon after returning from college he began to take an active interest in political matters, allying himself with the Democratic party. His earliest public office was that of school commissioner of the first district of Oswego. In March, 1882, he was appointed attorney for the city of Oswego, and in the fall of the same year, while still city attorney, he was elected recorder of Oswego for a term of four years. His administration of this office was so satisfactory that he was re-elected in 1886, again in 1890, and yet again in 1894. He is still recorder of the city, therefore, hav- ing held the office continuously since 188.3. He was sent to Chicago in 1892 as a delegate to the Democratit- national convention. Mr. Bulger's success at the bar and in public life has been facilitated by his talent as an orator. Naturally gifted in that direction, he has strengthened his native powers by the constant ]jractice derived from his political speaking, and his addre.sses before court and jury. His speeches are scholarly in style, logical in arrangement, convincing in delivery, effective in results. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Charles N. Bulger was born at Voliiey, Oswego county, N. Y., August 19, lSi>l : graduated from St. John\'; College, Ford- ham, New York, in 1875 ; studied la7U, and tvas admitted to the bar in 1879 ; 7vas city attorney of Oswego, N. Y'. , in 1882 ; married Caroline A. Dunn of Osivego June 5, 1883 ; has been recorder of the city of Osivego since January 1, 1883 ; has practiced law in Oswego since 1879. S>aviD ID. (laSSi&V?, one of the most highly regarded citizens of Amster- dam, N. Y., is a son of Christopher Cas- sidy, a prominent citizen of Montgomery county, and his wife, Catharine Wemple. He was born in Montgomery county seventy years ago, and has always lived there. His boyhood was spent in his native town, where he attended the dis- trict schools, afterward taking a short course at the Poughkeepsie Collegiate School. His father died when David was only four years old, and as he grew up the lad experienced some difficulty in acquiring even a fair general education on account of limited means. Leaving school at the age of seventeen, he liecame a clerk in a dry-goods store in Amsterdam, where he remained for the next four years. In this, his first business employment, Mr. Cassidy displayed the same industry and zeal that have always charac- terized his conduct of affairs. He gained there a large amount of valuable knowledge of business prin- ciples, and a considerable insight into business meth- ods ; and in many ways helped to fit himself for his future successful career. It was not as a merchant, however, that this suc- cess was to be gained. .'\t the age of twenty-two CHAh'/.ES .\. UL'LOER Mr. Cassidy became a clerk in the Farmers' Bank of Amsterdam, now known as the Farmers' National Bank. The change proved a most fortunate one, for he soon discovered that the work was peculiarlv MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION congenial. He made up his mind to devote himself to banking, and to attain as soon as possible a re- sponsible position in the institution with which he was connected. With this end in view he applied him- self diligently to his duties, and soon made himself valuable to the officials of the bank. In course of DA I' ID D. CASSIDY time he became successively bookkeeper, teller, and a,ssistant cashier and director; and finally, in 1859, only ten years from the time he first entered the bank, he became its cashier. For the next thirty years he held this position, resigning in 1889 in order to enjoy a well earned re.st. Under Mr. Cassidy's watchful care and wise and prudent management the Farmers' National Bank of Amsterdam attained a marked degree of prosperity. It came to occupy a position very different from that of the ordinary bank of a small city, and was widelv known as one of the most solid financial institutions of that part of the state. Its stock, which had been held at par when Mr. Cassidy assumed the manage- ment of its affairs, sold for 250 when he retired ; and regular annual dividends of from ten to fifteen per cent were paid during all that time. The bank building, erected under his immediate supervision, is one of the finest structures in the city. On its completion he received from the directors a most flattering set of resolutions, and a check for $1000 as a substantial expression of their appre- ciation of his labors. Mr. Cassidy's re- markable success in the management of the institution was due not less to his I onstant and tireless supervision of all its affairs than to native ability and sound judgment in financial matters. During his long service he was always at his ]50st, never allowing himself more than a few days at infrequent intervals for recreation. It is interesting to note in connection with his banking career that from the time he first became connected with the institution no bond was ever required of him as security for the faith- ful performance of his duties. This un- usual circumstance attests the perfect confidence reposed in him by the board of directors — a confidence that the event amply justified. When Mr. Cassidy re- tired from the bank the directors adopted a resolution to have his portrait painted in oil by a competent artist. The work was executed in admirable style by the well-known English painter, John J. Shannon, and now hangs in the direc- tors' room of the institution. Since retiring from active business life Mr. Cassidy has occupied hinvself chiefly with the care of his property. The Cas- sidy block on East Main street was built by him, and is an ornament to the city. He has been a director and treasurer of the Chuctanunda Cias Light Co. since 1878, and is one of the trustees of the Amsterdam Academy. Al- though so closely occupied for many years with busi- ness affairs, he never allowed himself to be wholly absorbed by them. He has been an extensive reader on general subjects, and has given particular attention to matters of finance and [jolitical economy. He is a man of genial temperament and attractive social qualities. He is straightforward and frank in his speech, an interesting conversationalist, and has a cultivated and discriminating taste in literature and art. Amid the refined surroundings of his home he is enjoying the quiet and peace to which, in his later years, every man is entitled who has been suc- cessful in the battle of life. MEN OF XEW VORK—EASTEKX SECTIO.V PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— David Dcmaresl Cassidy was /wrn in the to7vn of Florida, Monlgomery county, N. Y., April 6, 1827 ; was educated at Foughkcepsie Collegiate School ; was clerk in a dry-goods store at Amsterdam, N. Y. , 184.4.-^9 ; married Mrs. Catharine M. Efner of Rochester, N. Y. , Ap>-il 1 7, ISGG ; began his connection with the Farmers^ National Bank of Amsterdam in IS^O, and was its cashier, 185.9 -89 ; since 1889 has occupied himself tcith various business interests in Amsterdam. Milliam aieran&er 2)uncan is known in two hemispheres for his de\otion to the cause of education and of Sunday-school work, to which he has given practically his whole life. His father, William Duncan, a native of Lumphanen, Aberdeen- shire, Scotland, and a descendant of a well-known old Scottish family, emigrated to the United States, and became one of the first settlers of the city of Syracuse. He was an architect and builder, and much of the e.xcellence of the early buildings of that city is due to his influence. William A. Duncan was born in Os- wego, N. Y., si.\ty years ago. His in- terest in secular and religious education began early in life ; and on leaving school he became a teacher and after- ward principal of an academy at Oneida, N. Y. He has done good work for the public-school system of Syracuse, acting as a member of the board of education for fourteen years, and as its president for two years. This was the longest term of service ever given by a citizen of Syracuse on the educational board. He inherited his father's ability as an architect ; and he designed and erected the Seymour school, which attracted much attention as a model building for its purpose, and has been widely copied in other cities. He was also connected for many years with the Young Men's Christian Association of Syracuse, acting as a member of its executive committee, and later as its president ; and the hand- some and well appointed building of the association was planned by him, and erected during his presidency. Mr. Duncan has long been connected with the work of the Chautauqua Assembly, and has been for fifteen years its secretary and superintend- ent ; and, with the exception of its chancellor. Bishop Vincent, and its president, Lewis Miller, perhaps no man is more closely identified with the organization than he. He founded the Ceorgia ("hautauqua Assembly at Albany, Ga., and has had a most important part in its successful establi.shment. This institution has prospered markedly ; and, owing to the peculiar educational conditions of the South, has been productive of great good. It has also been most helpful in promoting harmony be- tween the intelligent and religious people of the North and the South, since able representatives of the two sections meet constantly on its lecture platform and in the general work of the assembly, and such intercour.se necessarily produces a truer estimate of each other's needs and limitations. But the work that is nearest Dr. Duncan's heart is that of the Sunday school, and it is this field in which he has won his widest reputation. He organized U'/LL/A.\r ALE.\A.\DER DVNCA.X the Syracuse Sunday School Association, and was its first president : and he was president for three years of the Onondaga County Sunday School Association. For twentv-five vears he was the 10 MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION superintendent of the Plymouth Sunday School of Syracuse, and its branch schools, the Clood Will and the Pilgrim. For seventeen years he has represented New York state on the executive committee of the International Sunday School Association of the Ignited States and Canada ; and he has been for an LEONARD /■'. FISH equal period chairman of the New York State Sun- day School Executive Committee. He has been connected with the Congregational Sunday School and Publication Society of Boston, as district and field secretary, for fifteen years. In 1881 he founded the New York State Women's Sunday School Mis- sionary Aid Association ; and in the same year origi- nated the "Home Class" work, for the purpose of furnishing an opportunity for systematic home study of the Sunday-school lessons in connection with the regular Sunday school. This is the most important, permanent, and far-reaching work of his life, and through this authorship will he be longest and best re- membered ; for from this beginning has grown what is known as the Home Class, or Home Department of the Sunday school. This department now com- prises more than 100,000 students in the Sunday schools of the United States, Canada, and Europe, and has nearly 35,000 in New York state alone ; and Dr. Duncan estimates that in the near future 1,000,000 students will be connected with the organization. He has presented this 1 work in all the international and world's ! Sunday-school conventions since 1881, and in thousands of state, county, and local conventions. In 1891 he went to Europe in the interests of this work, and of the World's Columbian Sunday School Convention, which was held in St. Louis, Mo., in 1893. He delivered addresses, and conferred with Sunday-school work- ers in all the i)rincipal European capi- tals ; and at London, in conjunction with Bishop Vincent, he was offered a public reception by the Sunday-school workers. Dr. Duncan's degree of Ph. D. was conferred upon him in 1888 by Mount Union (C)hio) College, in recognition of his indefatigable services for the in- tellectual and moral well-being of his fellow-men. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — William Alexander Duncan 7uas born at Oswego, N. Y. , November 1, 1837 ; was educated in Syracuse ; married Julia B. Coleman of Seneca Falls, N. Y., May 21, 1863 ; has made his home in Syracuse since ISJfO, and has devoted his life to Sun- dav-school and general educational work. !3Leonar5 if. ifisb of Fiiitonviiie, N. Y., was born in that village thirty years ago ; and is the youngest son of the late Judge Froth ingham Fish of the Supreme Court. He was educated in the common schools of his native village, and at Clinton Liberal Insti- tute, Fort Plain, N. Y. Having a hereditary predilection for the legal profe.ssion, Mr. Fish, after completing his general education, prepared himself for the bar ; and in the fall of 1890 was admitted to practice in the courts of New York state. During the following winter he opened an office in Fultonville, where he has since remained. Although he has been in jiractice but a few years, he has already gained a reputation as a successful attorney, particularly in trials before a jury. This success is largely due to his invariable habit of following zealously to the end all cases MEX OF NEW )'0R/<:~ EASTERN SECT/ON 11 entrusted to him, and never acknowledging himself defeated while a chance of success remains. Mr. Fish's progress in his profession has been considerably facilitated by his service as district attorney, by which he has become generally and favorably known throughout Montgomery county. He was elected to this office in the fall of 1892, when only twenty-five years old, and was re-elected in 1895. During this period, besides other impor- tant criminal work, he has conducted successfully for the prosecution six trials for murder. In the Youngs and Leonard! trials he secured in each instance, without the aid of assistant counsel, a conviction in the first degree. Mr. Fish is a partner in a large and successful manufacturing concern located in Fultonville. He is a member of the Independent ( )rder of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, the Elks, and the Royal Arcanum ; and has recently joined the Masonic order. He attends the Reformed church. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — Leonard F. Fish was born at Fultonville, N. Y., March 23, 1867 : was educated at Clinton Liberal Lnstitute ; studied law, and 7c ; has been slieriff of Montgotiiery county since 180.'>, making his home at Fonda, N. Y. 3ames Xe&lie Ibees, prominent in banking and railroad circles in Mont- gomery county, New York, is of Dutch descent, and traces his lineage back to revolutionary patriots. His paternal an- cestor was Johannes Hees, a Hollander who settled at Palatine, Montgomery county, in 1763; and his maternal ancestor, George Spraker, was one of the earliest Dutch settlers of the Mo- hawk valley. Both were soldiers in the Revolution, serving in Colonel Jacob Klock's regiment of Tryon-county mili- tia. After attending the union school at Fonda, N. Y., and Clinton Liberal Insti- tute, Mr. Hees finished his studies at Pine Plains, Dutchess county ; and at the age of seventeen began his Inisiness career. For the first three years he was employed in New York city as cashier and assistant paymaster in the ship chandlery of James D. Spraker, con- nected with the Starin Transportation Co. At the end of that time, when still less than twenty years old, he began his connection with banking as teller in the National Mohawk River Bank at Fonda. In January, 1886, he was appointed cashier of the bank ; and in January, 1897, he was elected president and direc- tor, succeeding his grandfather, Daniel Spraker, well known as the oldest bank president in the country, who had died a few months before at the age of ninety-eight. During his service as teller and cashier Mr. Hees had promoted the prosperity of the bank by his obliging attention to the wants of its patrons, and by his energetic and progressive policy in its management ; and his election to the presidency of the institution was a fitting triliute to his zeal and ability. ME\ OF NEJi- YORK-- EASTERN SECTION 13 Mr. Hees has interested himself largely in rail- road matters since 1892, when he became one of the incorporators of the Cayadutta Electric Railroad Co., running from Fonda to Johnstown and Glovers- ville ; and was elected its treasurer and a member of its board of directors. In June, 1893, the same syndicate purchased the Fonda, Johnstown & Glov- ersville Railroad Co., and leased to it the Cayadutta road, which thenceforth became known as the elec- tric division. Mr. Hees was elected treasurer of the Fonda, Johnstown & Gloversville Railroad Co., and held the position for the next four years. In the spring of 1897 the presidency of the road became vacant by the death of James Shanahan, and in the following August Mr. Hees was unanimously chosen by the board of directors to fill the office. In September he was also elected president of the Caya- dutta Electric Railroad Co. This was not Mr. Hees's first experi- ence as president of a railroad, however. In January, 1895, a corporation had been formed with Mr. Hees as president, .'\. B. Colvin, state treasurer, as vice president, and R. T. McKeever as sec- retary and treasurer, known as the Her- kimer, Mohawk, Ilion & Frankfort Elec- tric Railroad Co. This syndicate bought the three separate lines of horse railroad connecting the places named ; consoli- dated them into a single organization ; and equipped the line with electricity, running the first car under the new ar- rangement July 27, 1895. The line, which had been prosperous even under the old horse system, has naturally at- tained greater success with a more mod- ern equipment ; and under Mr. Hees's efficient management has proved an im- portant addition to the transportation facilities of that locality. January 1, 1894, Addison B. Colvin, state treasurer, who had married a sister of Mr. Hees, appointed that gentleman his deputy ; and he has held the office ever since, Mr. Colvin having been re-elected in 1895 for the ensuing three years. Mr. Hees is a Mason, belonging to Fulton- ville Lodge, F. & A. M.; Johnstown Chapter, R. A. M. ; Gloversville Com- mandery, K. T. ; and Cyprus Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, Albany. He is a member of the Reformed church of Fonda, and be- longs to the Transportation and Calumet clubs of New York city. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— James Ledlie Hees was born at Palatine Bridge, N. Y. , January 24, 1862 ; was educated in private schools : was a clerk in a New York office, 1879-81 ; married Adela S. Moore of Detroit, Mich., October 12, 1887 ; became connected 7i'ith the National Mohawk River Bank of Fonda, N. Y., in 1881, and has been its president since January, 1897 : has been president of the Herkimer, Mohawk, Ilion ^ Frankfort Electric Railroad Co. since 1895, and of the Fonda, Johns- tonm &= Gloversville and the Cayadutta Electric rail- road companies since 1897 ; has been deputy state treasurer of New York since 1894. lb. D. JBUVfte, though still under thirty years of age, has made a name for himself in professional and political life that extends throughout the eastern part H. i: BURKE of the state. He was born in Amsterdam, N. Y., where he has always lived, and where his many and versatile talents render him deservedly popular among all classes. 14 MEN OF .\EU- VORk'—EASTEKX SECT/OX After spending some time in the public schools of the city Mr. Burke entered St. Mary's parochial school, from which he graduated June 30, 1887. Having made up his mind to become a lawyer, he at once began his legal studies in the office of Z. S. Westbrook, county judge of Montgomery county, where he remained for the ne.xt ten years. In Octo- ber, 1891, he was admitted to the bar ; and in 1894 Judge Westbrook took him into jjartnership, and the firm of Westbrook, Burke & Hover was established. This association lasted until April, 1897, when Mr. Burke entered into partnership with F. J. Sullivan, assistant district attorney of Montgomery county. Though he has practiced only a few years, Mr. Burke has gained considerable reputation at the Montgomery-county bar, and has rapidly built up an important practice. He possesses decided orator- ical ability, which has been of great value in his pro- fession, particularly in his work as a trial lawyer. In the world of politics Mr. Burke has been equally active, as one of the strong supporters of the Democracy in Montgomery county. He began to take an interest in such matters at an early day, and was chairman of the Democratic county committee when only twenty-four years old. In the same year he was a delegate to the Democratic state conven- tion at Saratoga. The next year he received the nomination for member of assembly, but shared the general defeat of the Democrats at that time. In the exciting presidential campaign of 1896 he was on the list of Tammany Hall's speakers. He pos- sesses many of the requisites of the successful politi- cian, and if he continues to interest himself in public affairs he will doubtless attain further distinction along that line. Aside from business and politics, Mr. Burke has been identified with an unusual variety of interests, both social and artistic. He belongs to the order of Elks and the Knights of Columbus, and has been prominent in each, having held the office of E.xalted Ruler in Amsterdam Lodge, No. 201, B. P. O. E., and of Grand Knight in Council No. 209, Knights of Columbus. His talents as a musician and an orator have long been in demand in the social life of Amsterdam, and have been freely at the disposal of his friends. He has taken part frequently in amateur theatricals and operas, and his efforts in this line have been uniformly well received. For several years, also, he acted as organist and director in dif- ferent churches in Amsterdam and neighboring places. It is hardly necessary to add that Mr. Burke, thus gifted by nature, is a general social favorite, and is one of the most popular young men in Amsterdam. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY~ Henry I '. Burke 7e'i7s born at Amsterdam, N. ¥., March IS, 1870 ; was educated in public and parochial schools ; studied law, and 7vas admitted to the bar in 1891 ; was chairman of the Montgomery-county Democratic committee and a delegate to the Democratic state con- vention in lSf)If : has practiced la7(i in Amsterdam since 1801. Milliam lb. BanielS, though he has been so long connected with peaceful pursuits in Ogdens- burg, had a long experience as a soldier during the stirring times of the Civil War. Indeed, he comes of a family of fighters, his grandfather having taken part in the Revolution, and his father in the later war with England. Samuel Daniels, the grand- father, with his wife, Lydia Shi]iman, emigrated from Connecticut in 1804 to the wilds of St. Lawrence county. New York. With them went their son, Michael S. Daniels, then a boy of ten ; who grew up amid the hardships of pioneer life, fought for his country in the war of 1812, married Fannie Stephens of Vermont, and settled in what is now the city of Ogdensburg. Mr. Daniels received a good common-school edu- cation in the public schools of Ogdensburg ; and at the age of sixteen left .school, and became a clerk in a grocery store. He was still occupied in this capac- ity, and had almost attained his majority, when the Civil War broke out. With the patriotic instinct of his race, he at once offered his services for the con- flict, enlisting in company A, 16th New York vol- unteers, in the same month that witnessed the fate- ful attack on Fort Sumter. After serving as a private for nearly a year, he was made i:|uartemiaster sergeant of his regiment in March, 1862. A few months later he was made assistant quartermaster of LTnited States volunteers, with the rank of captain ; and was a.ssigned to duty at the headquarters of the 2d brigade, 1st division, 6th army corps. In August, 1864, he was promoted to the rank of major, and became chief quartermaster of the od division, 6th army corps. He served in this corps from the time it was organized until the close of the war, and his position in the ciuartermaster's department brought him into close relations with the prominent generals of that corps, and also with General Sheridan while in the Shenandoah valley. When the war was over Major Daniels was ordered to Fort McPherson in Nebraska, a post only to be reached at that time by a stage ride of 500 miles or more. Here he remained until August, 1866, when he resigned from the ser- vice. Mr. Daniels has always considered it a strange and interesting coincidence that his grandmother, a MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION 15 survivor of revolutionary days and tlie widow of a revolutionary soldier, was buried on July 21, 1861, the same day that the first battle of Bull Run was fought, in which he took part with his regiment. Returning to Ogdensburg after a service in the army of nearly five and a half years, Mr. Daniels engaged for a short time in the grocery business. In 1871 he became connected with the wholesale bakery business, in which he has continued ever since. He has never availed himself of partnership assistance in this undertaking ; and the growth and success of the enterprise under his management have been most gratifying, and have demonstrated his ability and sagacity as a business man. Having served his country in the trying times of war, Mr. Daniels has continued his interest in her welfare, and has always taken an active [lart in public affairs. In 1880 he was ap- pointed collector of customs for the district of Oswegatchie, and held the office for nearly eight years. For the past fifteen years he has been a member of the St. Lawrence-county Republican committee ; and he is at present the chairman of that committee, having held the position for several years. In his native city of Ogdensburg he is highly respected, and takes a prominent part in all public movements. He has served as a member of the common council of the city ; and is now president of the board of water commissioners, and a member of the board of managers of the St. Lawrence State Hospital. PERSONAL CUR ONOL OGY — William Henrx Daniels was born at Og- ilenslntrg, N. Y. , November 3, 1840 ; was educated in common schools ; was a clerk in a groceiy store at Ogdensburg, 1856-61 ; served in the Union army, 1861-66 ; married Annie E. Chatterton of Ogdensburg February 16, 186^ ; engaged in the grocery business, 1866-71 ; was collector of customs, 1880-87 ; has been a member of the St. Lawrence-county Republican committee since 1882, and its chairman since 1890 ; has conducted a wholesale bakery at Ogdensburg since 1871. Poughkeepsie, N. Y., belongs to an old Virginia family, two of his ancestors having sat in the house of burgesses with Patrick Henry, and worked for the independence of the colonies. Mr. (Raines was born barely forty years ago in Charlotte county, Virginia, which had been the Clement Carriugton (Baines, who long ago made a name for himself among practical educators by his able and vigorous management of the well-known Eastman Business College at WILLIAM H. DAM ELS home of the family for generations. He received a thorough education in the South, studying at home as a child under a governess, and later in a neigh- boring academy. He then entered Hampden Sid- ney College, and graduated at the early age of eighteen with the degree of A. B. The degree of A. M. was afterward conferred upon him by his alma mater. The ne.xt five years he devoted to teaching, beginning as instructor in Latin and mathematics at the Fincastle (Virginia) High School, and afterward becoming principal of a pub- lic grammar school near Walton, Boone county, Kentucky, of the Oakland Institute near Pembroke, Christian county, Kentucky, and of the Smithville High School in Charlotte countv, Virginia. When 10 MEX OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECT/ON he had saved the amount of money needed in this way, he entered the University of Virginia in 1880, and graduated in 1882 with the degree of B. L. In the same year he completed the business course at Eastman College, Poughkeepsie, New York. ^ CLKMEXT CARR/XGTOX CA/XES With this excellent business and professional train- ing, Mr. Gaines began the practice of law in Chi- cago, associating himself for that purpose first with Thomas Cratty and afterwards with Colonel George L. Paddock and Owen F. Aldis of the firm of Pad- dock & Aldis. Little more than a year had passed, however, when he was offered a position as a teacher in Eastman Business College ; and this he decided to accept, feeling that the work there would be peculiarly congenial. After acting as an instruc- tor for a year, he became, in November, 1884, the president of the college. This institution has flour- ished for nearly half a century, and had a reputation a.s one of the best commercial schools in the country when Mr. Gaines took charge of it. It s])eaks well for his ability and energy that this reputation has been fully maintained under his leadership. So successful was he, indeed, in the management of the older school, that he established the New York Business College in the city of New York, and has since carried on both institutions. The new school, which was opened December 12, 1892, on 125th street, grew so rapidly that in- creased accommodations soon became nece.ssary ; and more than 200 pupils are now in daily attendance, with an enroll- ment of about 500 a year. The Pough- keepsie school recently had on its mem- bership roll pupils from thirty-eight different states and territories and eleven foreign countries. In addition to the care of his two schools, Mr. Gaines is actively and effec- tively interested in "everything that has any good in it," to borrow his own phrase. Church work, the Young Men's Christian Association, social problems, politics (in a broad sense) — in short, all the live, practical questions of the day, receive a share of his attention. He organized the first building and loan as- sociation in Poughkeepsie, and has been for many years a member of the execu- tive committee of the Board of Trade there. He is also a member of the Har- c ~ j lem Board of Commerce and of the M i] Poughkeepsie board of education. He JF |{ delivers frequent addresses and essays on special occasions. He has edited a book entitled "Simplified Phonetic Short- hand," founded on the Pitman system, and has in press a work on accounts. He has been elected to membership in many organizations, among which may be mentioned the Amrita, Dutchess, and Golf clubs of Poughkeepsie, the Reform Club and Southern Soci- ety of New York, the Sons of the American Revolu- tion, the American Society of Christian Philosophy, and the American Institute of Civics. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Ckmcn/ L\ir- rington Gaines ^tms honi at Dowell, Charlotte coiiiitx. Fa., March li>, 1S57 : graduated from LLampdeii Sidiiev College in ] 875 ; tanglif school in Virginia and Kentiickx, lS'li>-80; graduated from tlie University of Virginia in ISSJ ; practiced Una in Chicago, 1882- 83 ; married Mrs. M. M. Eastman of Poughkeepsie, N. Y. , October '29, 1881t ; has been president of the Eastman Business College, Poughkeepsie, since Novem- ber 25, 1884 .■ established the Neto York Business Col- lege in 1892, and has carried on the same since. A/EX OF XEir yOKK—KASTERX SECr/OX y, Milliam JBarnes, 3r., iiiough little more than thirty years old, has already attained distinc- tion in two important and difficult spheres of activ- ity — in journalism and in politics. His success is the natural sequence of favoring influences in a strong line of ancestr\ , of exceptional educational op|jortunities, and of |)ersistent jjersonal eftbrt throughout his career. Born in Albany some time after the close of the Civil \\'ar. Mr. Barnes has always lived there, and has become thoroughlv identified with the city. His early education was olitained there in a private school : and he afterward attended .\lbany .Acad- emy. Excellently equipped in that way for higher training, he entered Harvard College in the fall of 1884. His course in Cambridge wa.s shaped with some reference to a journalistic career, and included studies in modern history, economic .science, and other branches of knowl- edge helpful in newspaper work. He made effective use of the superior facili- ties for study and research obtainable at Harvard, graduating with high rank in the summer of 1888. The traditions of his family and the bent ol his own mind — the latter condi- tion perhajjs having some causal connec- tion with the former — inclined Mr. Barnes toward the calling of journalism. Becoming a reporter, accordingly, on the .Albany Evening Journal a few months after his graduation from college, he be- gan in earnest the real busine.ss of life. His education had been so thorough that it was not necessary or desirable to serve a long apprenticeship in the newspaper craft ; and in December, 18)S,S, when a favorable chance presented itself, he bought the -\lbau\ Aforning Express, thereby bridging at once the gulf be- tween a reporter and a publishing editor. It was soon evident that Mr. Barnes had not overrated his powers, notwithstand- ing his inexperience in newspaper work. His capacity, indeed, was so far from exhaustion, that in April, 1889, he ven- tured to enlarge his field of action by purchasing a controlling interest in the Albany Eivning Journal. Since then he has conducted both the Express and the Journal, and has naturally been a powerful fac- tor in the affairs of the capital. .\ taste for politics as well as a journalistic bias was Mr. Barnes's birthright; and no one familiar with the political history of the Empire State will be sur- prised to learn that the grandson of Thurlow Weed became active in political life at an early age. Mr. Barnes has never held public office, preferring to exert his influence through more important and fun- damental, though less prominent, agencies. From the beginning of his active career he has been one of the leaders in the political affairs of Albany count) ; and in recent years his influence has been telt in state jjolitics as well. Becoming a member ot the Rejjublican state committee in 1892, he has l)een re-elected regularly ever since ; and he is now' treasurer of the Republican League of the State of New York. He is a member of the Republican Club of New York ( ity. FEJiSO.XAL CHROXOL OU Y—Willuun Barnes, Jr., was horn at Albaiix Xoveniher 17, \i /I I.HM /.' lf(\/i.^. JK. 1866 ; gradiiaieJ from Harvard College in 1S88 ; married Grace Davis of Cincinnati, O., June 12, 1888 : lias been a member of the Republican state committee since 1892 ; Inn /'iiblislied and edited the 18 MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECT/ON Albany '■'■Morning Exp/'ess'" since Decetnber 23, 1888, and tile " Evctiing JournaV since April 2, 1889. ]£5(}ar U. 36rac{?ett, state senator from Saratoga, Schenectady, and Washington counties, was horn in Saratoga county. New York, July ;M, EDGAR r. BRACKETT 1853. Taken to Iowa during infancy, he com- menced his education at the seminary connected with Cornell College, a Methodist institution of learning located at Mount Vernon, Iowa. His col- lege education was completed in June, 1872, when the degree of A. B. was conferred upon him. In September of the same year Mr. Brackett began the study of law in the office of Pond & French at Saratoga Springs, N. Y. He made rapid progress in mastering the intricate subject, and was admitted to the bar at Elmira, N. Y., in June, 1875. On April 1 of the next year he entered into partnership with the firm in whose office he had studied law. The fact is significant that his old preceptors invited him to practice with them, and their confidence in the young man was not misplaced. The firm of Pond, French & Brackett carried on a large business for twelve years, and became one of the strongest and most successful legal associations in the county. For three years after April 1, 1888, Messrs. Pond and Brackett practiced together under that style. Since 1891 Mr. Brackett has practiced alone. From early manhood Mr. Brackett has been interested in political affairs. He first came prominently before the public in 188.3, when he ran for the office of district attorney of Saratoga county on the Republican ticket. He was defeated at that time, but continued to hold a high place among the leaders of his party in Saratoga county. In the fall of 1895 he was nominated for the office of state senator from the 28th district and was elected, receiving 18,500 votes against 10,000 for his chief competitor. In the senate he was appointed chair- man of the committee on affairs of vil- lages, and a member of the judiciary, railroads, and public-education commit- tees. Mr. Brackett is a Past Master in Rising Sun Lodge, No. 103, F. c^ A. M., at Saratoga Springs. He is president of the Saratoga Gas, Electric Light & Power Co., and is one of the directors of the C. F. Harvey Co., manufactur- ing physicians' supplies. He attends the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Edgar Truman Brackett was born at Emerson's Corners, Saratoga coiintx, N. v., July 30, 1853; graduated from Cornell College, Mount Vernon, Lo., in 1872 ; sticdied laio, and was admitted to the bar in 1875 ; 7narried Emma Corliss of Saratoga Springs, N. ¥., No-oember 22, 1882; was elected state senator in 1895 ; has practiced law in Saratoga Springs, N. ¥., since 1876. UbeopbilUS C. CalliCOt, editor in chief of the Albany Argus and one of the veterans in the journalism of the Empire State, was born in Fairfax county, Virginia, seventy years ago. He received an excellent general education, and graduated from Delaware College, Newark, Del. His early aim was to become a lawyer, and for this purpose he entered the office of Hiram McCullough at Elkton, Md., studied for a time at Yale Law School, and finally completed his legal preparation in an office MEN OF NEW YORK— EASTERN SECT/ON 19 in New York city. He was admitted to the bar when twenty-one years of age ; but he soon dis- covered that he preferred a journalistic career, and accordingly abandoned the law and associated him- self with the New York Commercial Advertiser. He served on the staff of this paper for some years, acting as city editor, book reviewer, and translator of foreign papers. It seems almost inevitable that a newspaper editor should drift into public life, and Mr. Callicot was no exception to this rule. In 1859 he was elected to the state assembly from the city of Brooklyn, and in 1862 he was re-elected. During his second term he served as speaker of the assembly, and displayed unusual fitness for this somewhat difficult position, making one of the best presiding officers that body has ever known. He then spent several years in the service of the treasury de- partment, as special agent and finally as collector of internal re\enue. In bsyi Mr. Callicot began his long connection with Albany journalism, be- coming editor of the Albany Times. His association with this paper lasted for a quarter of a century except for a short interruption in 1872, when he acted as managing editor of the Albany Argus. In 1878 he bought a half interest in the Times, and became its editor in chief. Later he became sole owner of the paper, and after that was president of the stock company that published it. In 1891 the Times was consolidated with the Albany Union, and John H. Farrell of the Union became president of the new company. Mr. Callicot, however, retained his post as editor of the paper — called now the Times- Union — until June, 1^(9(), when he accepted his ])resent position of editor in chief of the Argii^. In addition to the intimate knowledge of public men and affairs which his long career in the newspaper world could not fail to give him, Mr. Callicot po.ssesses high scholarly attainments and rare criti- cal ability. His writing has not been confined to the daily pre.ss, and manv literary and legal articles from his pen have appeared in various magazines and law journals. In the early part of his career he wrote the " Handbook of Universal Geog- raphy," published in 1853 as one of the volumes of Putnam's Home Cyclopedia. He has a great fondness and a[ititude for the study of languages, and has attained proficiency in Latin, French, Spanish, Italian, and Cierman. History, biography, and philosophy have likewise claimed a large share of his attention. Mr. Callicot has been a Free Mason for a great part of his life, joining Anglo-Saxon Lodge in Brooklyn during his residence there. Since going to Albany he has been a member of Ancient City Lodge, No. 452, F. & A. M., and of Temple Chap- ter, No. 5, R. A. M., in that city. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Theopliilus Carey Callicot 7vas horn in Fairfax county. Fa. , July 12, 1826 ; was educated at the Pierrepont School, Alexandria, Va., Graham Academy, New London, Penn., and Delarvare College, Ne^vark, Del.; laas admitted to the bar at New York city in IS^T ; ivas connected icit/i the Ne^c York " Commercial Adver- THEOPHILCS C. CALLICOT tiser, ' ' 1852-58 ; was member of assembly in 1800 and 180-3, and speaker of that body in 180-J ; married Fitzina H. Lyman of New York city in June, 18^6, and Fredericka H. L. Weibezahl of Netc York May 20 .]//■:. \' or XEW VORK—KASTERX SECT/OX 17, 1871 ; was editor and chief owner of the Allniny " Times," 1873-91, and editor of the " Times- Union," 1891-96; has Iwn editor in c/iief of t/ie Albany " Ari^us'" since June, 1896. HlbCll (IbCSter, justice of the Supreme Court in the ?tA iudic ial district of New York state, adds ALD/iX CHF.ST/-:k' one more to the long list of American citizens who have achieved distinction without the initial advan- tage of wealth or position. He comes of good old luiglish stock, however, the Chesters having settled in New England about 1680, and his mother's fam- ily, the Drapers, having followed a little later. Born in a village of Otsego county. New York, he attended the district school and afterward a private academy, but the death of his father threw him in great measure upon his own resources at an early age. How ample those resources were is shown by the honorable position that he has attained, both at the bar and on the bench, while still under fifty years of age. Judge Chester spent several years in business life — as clerk in a country store, as telegraph oper- ator, and as insurance clerk — before reaching his majority, and liefore he turned his attention to the law. Having satisfied himself that that profession best suited his tastes, and having accumulated some necessary capital, he entered Columbia College Law -School in 18(59, adding to his slender means while there b}' writing for the papers, and spending the vacation before his closing year as the editor of a weekly newspaper in Otsego county. He gradu- ated trom Columbia in the spring of \X~\, receiving a prize of §75 in the department of ])olitical science, and was admitted to the bar May 19. He took up his residence in Albany at once, forming a law partnership with his lousin, Andrew S. Draper, now presi- ilent of the University of Illinois, and one of the foremost educators in the country. This association lasted until .Mr. Draper was appointed by President .Arthur judge of the Court of Alabama Claims at Washington, and from that time until his own election to the bench Judge Chester practiced alone. His lareer at the .Albany bar during this quarter of a century was a brilliant one. His private practice included many im- portant cases of a general character, and many of public interest. In 1882 he was appointed assistant L'nited States attorney for the northern district of New York under Martin 1. Townsend. In this position he displayed great legal ability, and successfully tried many im- portant cases for the government. He resigned in 1885, in order to devote himself to his growing private practice. In 1895 Governor Morton appointed Judge Ches- ter a member of the commission to prepare and report to the legislature a uniform charter for cities of the second class ; but before this commission had completed its labors he was obliged to resign in order to accept higher responsibilities. Nominated for justice of the Supreme Court by acclamation at the Republican convention of the 3d judicial district in the fall of 1895, he was elected by a majority of nearly 5000, being the first Republican chosen to this position from the district for upwards of thirty years. His long and successful service at the bar had given him the necessary legal knowledge ; but the ideal judge is born, not made, and the MEX or XKIV yoA'A'— /■:.-! S TEA' X SEcr/OX qualities of fair-mindedness and absolute integrity that constitute this innate fitness were always con- spicuous in Alden Chester. Though he has been on the bench little more than a year, it is already evident that his career as a judge will fittingly crown his earlier career as a lawyer. Judge Chester is a good citizen, and has taken especial interest in the cause of education in Albany. From 18)^1 imtil 1884 he was a member of the board of public instruction of the city, and during the last year he was president of the board. He is a ready jjublic speaker and a most agreeable and cultured gentleman, and has a host of friends in both ))ublic and private life. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Alden Chester 7aas horn at West ford, N. Y., September 18L8: ifradiiated from Coliinilna College Law ScJiool in 187] and 7eias admitted to the bar the same year; married Lliia Thurher of East Worcester, N. Y., October 5, 1871 ; tvas deputy clerk of the Xleio York state assem- bly In 1874 <'-''"' '''' 1870, member of the board of public Instruction of Albany, 188 1-8 Jf, and assistant United States at- torney, 1882-85 ; practiced law In Albany, 1871-03; was elected Justice of the Su- preme Court In November, 1895 . IRHilliam (Iroswell 2»oaue, first bishop of the diocese of .\lbany ( the Episcopal Church), was born in Boston in 1832. His father, the Rev. Ceorge Washington Doane, at that time rector of Trinity Church, Boston, and an able and eloquent preacher, was elected in the same year bishop of the diocese of New Jersey, and the family accordingly moved thither soon after. There the present bishop passed his childhood, graduating in 1851 from Burlington Col- lege, which had been founded by his father. In 1854 his alma mater con- ferred upon him the degree of A. M., and in 1857 that of B. D. In the mean- time he had been carrying on his theo- logical studies ; and on March (i, 185o, he was ordained deacon l)y his father in .St. Mary's Church, Burlington. His ordination to the ]jriesthood followed three years later. Beginning -ministerial work as assistant in the parish mentioned, he became its rector on his father's death in 1859. He also established the free church of St. Barnabas in Bur- lington, where he ministered for three vears. From 1863 until 18(;7 he was rector of St. John's Church, Hartford, Conn., and was then called to St. Peter's Church, Albany. In this church, on December 3, 1868, he was elected bishop of the newly established diocese of Albany, and his consecration to that high office took place February 2, 1869. 'i'he head of a new diocese has a great work before him, and if that diocese be also the capital of a great state, the responsibilities are largely increased. Bishop Doane has ably fulfilled the complex duties devolving upon him : he has been a true father in God to the priests and people committed to his charge ; he has founded and carefully fostered the various institutions nece.ssary to the w^ork of a well- ecpiipped diocese ; and he has taken an active interest in all general movements for the public good, especially those connected with the cause of MIL/JAM I kux^u'FJj. nn.ixt: education. His personal relations with his clergy and their parishes hardly come within the scope of this article, but his more public work speaks for itself. The Cathedral of All Saints will lie his most MEX OF XKIV YORK—EAS7-ERX SECT/OX splendid monument ; and the building, though not yet completed, gives abundant jtromise of becoming one of the most beautiful churches in the land. Not less dear to the heart of the bishop, nor less potent in its influence for good, is St. Agnes School, founded by him for the Christian education of girls. J.iMES WF.nSTKR KATOX This institution, which stands deservedly high among the schools of the country, has a large corps of able teachers, and is under the bishop's constant super- vision. The Child's Hospital and St. Margaret's House, founded likewise by the bishop, are in charge of the Sisterhood of the Holy Child Jesus — an order established by Bishop Doane, and devoted to works of mercy and to the education of the \'oung — and are institutions of Christian benevolence whose influence is felt in the community. Through all these varied agencies, and others like them, the bishop labors (inceasingly for the good of his diocese, and for the uplniilding of the church of which he is a faithful servant. He has been for nine years the bishop in charge of the foreign chapels of the Episcopal church, and was elected in 1896 chairman of the House of Bishops and assessor to the presiding bishop. Many of Bishop Doane's writings have been published, including a vohmie of charges and addresses to the conventions of the diocese, one of addresses to the graduating classes at St. Agnes School, .several volumes of sermons, a book entitled "Mosaics for the Christian Year," and numerous mag- azine articles and fugitive verses. His most extended work, and at the same time his earliest, is the " Life and Writ- ings of the Rt. Rev. George Washington Doane," in four volumes. He has re- ceived honorary degrees in divinity from Union, Columbia, and Trinity colleges, and from Cambridge and O.xford uni- versities in England, as well as an LL. D. degree from the latter institu- tion. His interest is not confined to affairs immediately pertaining to his church. As a regent and vice chancellor of the University of the State of New York, he exerts a most helpful influence in educational matters throughout the state. He is a member of the Univer- sity Club of New York, of the New Eng- land Society, and the Society of the Sons of Colonial Wars. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — William Crosiuell Doane was bor/i at Boston March 2, 1832; graduated from Burlington ( iY. /. ) College in 18i)l : was ordained to the ministry March 0, lS5o : married Sarah Katharine Condit of Ne^o- ark, N. J., November 24, 1853; had parishes in Burlington, N. /. , Hartford, Conn., and Albany, N. Y., 185S-(j8 : has been bishop ot the diocese of Albany since February 2, 18G0. James IKHebster Eaton, prominent at the Albany-i-Ounty bar, is descended from luiglish stock which took root in the soil of the colonies in the early days. He traces his lineage back to John and Xnne Eaton, who settled in .Salisliury, Mass., in 1634, moving afterward to Haverhill, where the family lived for several generations. Captain Tim- othy Eaton was an officer in the revolutionary war, and his brother, Ebenezer Eaton, who served under him, was the great-grandfather of our present subject. James W. Iviton was born in Albany in 1856. In early life he was obliged to give up school for MEN OF XEW YORK— EASTERN SECTION 23 some time on account of ill health ; but notwith- standing this disadvantage he was able to graduate from the Albany Boys' Academy in IcSTo, and from Yale College four years later. In the same year that he left college he began his legal studies at Columbia l,aw School ; but in May, 1880, he accepted a position as professor of Latin in the Albany Boys' Academy, where he taught for the next two years. He wa.s carrying on his law studies all the time, however, and in 1882 he was admitted to the bar. Resigning then his position as a teacher, Mr. Eaton began practice at once in the office of Edwin Countryman of Albany ; and the following year he formed a partnership with George W. Kirchwey, who had been a classmate at Yale. This association was a most successful one, and lasted until 1891, when Mr. Kirchwey was appointed to a profe.ssorship in Columbia University. Since that time Mr. Eaton has practiced alone, and has established an enviable reputation. He is especially distin- guished as a trial lawyer, and his plead- ings before judge and jury are noted for fairness and sound argument, as well as for a certain convincing quality that goes far toward winning his case. Political affairs have always been of interest to Mr. Eaton, as they are to so many lawyers ; and he has long been active in the Democratic party. In the fall of 1891 he was his party's candidate for district attorney of Albany county, and was elected, holding office for three years from January 1, 1892. His pecu- liar talents fitted him admirably for the position of prosecuting officer, and he guarded the interests of the district most zealously. Mr. Eaton has found time, in addition to the cares of his large private practice, to serve his profession both as writer and teacher. In 1888 he published a book on the "Law of Domestic Relations," and he has written several shorter trea- tises on various legal subjects. Since 1888, also, he has been the lecturer on the law of evidence and contracts at the Albany Law School. He is well known in .Albany social life, belonging to the Fort Orange Club, Masters' Lodge, No. 5, F. & A. M., and St. Peter's Episcopal Church. He has membenship in the society of Founders and Patriots of .\merica, and in various other organizations. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— James Webster Eaton was born at Albany May H, 1856 ; graduated from Yale College in 1879, and was admitted to the bar in 1882 ; married Flora Cady of Lockport, N. Y, September 23, 1883, and Mrs. Hortense Willey Vibbard of Dansville, N. Y, July 17, 189 i ; 7vas district attorney of Albany county, 1892-9^ ; has practiced hue in Albany since 1882. ICleSleS ®. 1bO\Var&, district attorney of Rensselaer county, and a prominent member of the Republican party in eastern New York, was born in Troy in 1863. His scholastic training was com- pleted at Lansingburgh .\cademy, and he was obliged to obtain later in life the wide learning required in his present responsible position. He prefaced his professional study with a long course of teaching ll7!S/.j;V O. HOWARD occupying four important years of his life. At the age of twenty-three, however, he found himself able to satisfy hi.s'desire for legal training ; and the com- paratively mature age at which he began to study •2-1 .I/AW OF .\>;(/" )(iRK^j:.is7/-:h\\ sKcr/ax law no doul)t explains in ])art his rapid and thorough mastery of the subject. He first entered the office of Robertson, Foster & Kelly in Troy, where he remained until the dissolution of the firm due to Mr. Foster's change of residence to Kansas City, lie then continued his study in the office of William W. Morrill, staying there until he was admitted to I he bar in l.S,S9. Mr. Howard began to practice law Octolier 1, 1889, at No. 10 State street, Troy. He carried on his work without partnership assistance until Januar\ 1, 1897, when he a.ssociated himself with Hender- .son Peck in the firm of Howard & Peck. His striking success at the bar of Rensselaer county, and his high standing as a lawyer and citizen in that part of the state, are clearly shown in the recent history of Troy. He acted as attorney for the com- mittee of citizens that investigated the election frauds of 189:^ and 1894 in that city. He was also one of the attorneys for the " Committee of Safety " during the famous "Bat" Shea trial. He was likewise one of the attorneys for the senate com- mittee that investigated the jjolice and other depart- ments of Troy in 1894. The foregoing commissions entrusted to Mr. Howard at critical times .sufficiently indicate his professional capacity. Other appointments attest both his legal standing and his rank in the Repub- lican party. Political affairs have always been tieeply interesting to him, and he was elected justice of the peace in the town of Grafton when only twenty-one years old. In 1893 he was chosen sec- retary of the Republican committee of Rensselaer county, holding the position three years. In March, 1894, and again the next year, he was chosen attorney for the board of supervisors of the county. In November, 1X96, he was elected district attorney of Rensselaer county for the term 1897-99. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— IFes/ey Otis Hotuaril ivas born at Troy, N. Y., September 11, 180S ; loas educated in tlic common schools of Grafton, N. Y., and at Lansini^biirgk {N. Y.) Academy: taught school, 188i-86 : married Carrie A. Millias of Grafton October 1, 188J^ : 7iias admitted to the bar in 1889 ; was elected district attorney of Rensselaer county in Nfft>ember, 180(! : has practiced law in Troy since October 1, 188H. 30bU ■C. /n5cI>0n0lUjb, one of Albany's prominent lawyers, was born in Ireland fifty-odd years ago. He came to the United States with his parents when he was but seven years old, and he may therefore be regarded as practically a native American ; though some of the qualities that have contributed most markedly to his succe.ss are doubt- less a legacy from the warm-hearted and (|uick- witted people of the Emerald Isle. Mr. McDonough's childhood was spent in Dun- kirk, N. Y., and his early education was received there. He then studied at St. John's College, Fordham, New York, for three years, and in 18(57 entered Columbia College Law School to jjrepare himself for his chosen profession. He graduated thence in June, 18()9, with the degree of I,L. B., having been admitted to the bar shortly before. In 1870 Mr. McDonough began jjractice in his old home in Dunkirk, where he remained four years, becoming well and favorably known in that thriving town. He then moved to .\lbany, and spent a year in practice there, but at the end of that time he deemed it best to return to Dunkirk. .After three more years there he determined definitely that suc- cess such as he hoped for could be gained only in a large city, and he accordingly went to Buffalo. He practiced there for a short time in partnershi]j with Leroy .\ndrus, and then in New York city for about two years ; and finally, in 1881, he took up his resi- dence permanently in Albany. He has practiced there uninterruptedly ever since, and has a large and constantly growing clientage. He possesses a happy combination of many of the characteristics that make a successful law\ er : and he has figured on one side or the other of many of the im|iortant cases in .Albany and its vicinity. Public affairs have claimed a share of Mr. Mc- Donough's attention ever since he began profes- sional life. The year after he left the law school he was elected police justice of Dunkirk, and was re- elected two years later, holding the offii e until he moved to .Albany. In 1.S7(1, shortly after his return thence, he was elected special surrogate of Chautau- cpia county, and acted in that capacity until he left the county permanently in 1878. During all the years that he has lived in .Albany he has taken an active part in the counsels of the Republican partv, and has been nominated for various positions'. In 1884 and again in 1X88 he was a candidate for the office of recorder of the city, and in 1891 he received the high honor of a nomination for justice of the Supreme Court in the .'id judicial district. On this occasion he ran considerably ahead of his ticket, but his popularity was not sufficient to over- come the strong adverse majority in that Democratic stronghold. In 189.'), however, he was elected a delegate at large to the state constitutional conven- tion that met in the following year, and he took a notable part in the deliberations of that body. As chairman of the committee on prisons he formulated MEX OF XEir ) ORK^ KASTERX SECT/OX the section of the new constitution that provides for the employment of prisoners, and prohibits the old contract system under which prison labor was allowed to compete with free labor in the general market. He was also a member of the committee on educa- tion in this convention. In April, 1896, he was appointed the commissioner of the bu- reau ol' statistics of- labor, a position for which his investigations in connection with the question of prison labor had well qualified him. Mr. McDonough's profession occupies his attention chiefiv, Init he is not un- mindful of his social and other obliga- tions, and his private life is what might be expected from a man of his ability and conse(|uent prominence. He is a member of the Roman Catholic church, of the Catholii Mutual Benefit Associa- tion, and of the Knights of Columiius. PERSONA L CHR ONOL OGY — John T. McDoiiou)^h was born at Biiil hill, Ireland, July 12, 1SJ,S ; came to the United States in 1S'>0, and settled i/i Dunkirk, iV. Y. : 7Lias educated at St. Jolm^ s College, Fordham, N^ew York, and at Columbia Laic School : was admitted to the bar in 1S69 : married Catherine T. Wallace of Albany June 10, 187 J^ ,■ 7t''(7j- police justice of Dunkirk, lS70-7.'f , and special surrogate of Chautauqua county, 1876-78 : practiced law successirelx at Dunkirk, Albany, Buffalo, ami JVeu' York city, 1870—81 : was a delegate at large to the constitutional convention of 1891^ : has practiced law in Albany since 1881. M. S. /IDanUiUlJ has had a varied career, and in the course of a long and busy life has interested hinvself in manv widely differing subiects. A brief sketch of his ancestry mav not be amiss ; and the fact that two of his great- grandfathers fought in the revolutionary war may indicate the source of his own ardent Americanism. The Mannings were among the first settlers of Ply- mouth Rock ; and Samuel Manning, the great-grand- father of our present subject, took part in the famous " Boston tea party," and was one of the band who, disguised as Mohawk Indians, boarded the English ships and threw the obnoxious cargo into the sea. This same Manning fought in the battles of Concord and Lexington. His son, of the same name, gradu- ated from Harvard College about 1798, and became one of the most prominent physicians in Massachu- setts ; while the Samuel Manning of the third generation, after attaining unusual distinction in Harvard College, settled in Baltimore and became a leading lawyer there. Mr. Manning's maternal grandfather was (^olonel Thomas Sheppard, the son joH.\ i\ .\f( /lo.xorc// of a revolutionary soldier, and himself an active patriot in the later English war. W. S. Manning was born in Baltimore in ls;!4, and was educated in that city. He took a degree in civil engineering at St. Mary's College, and at once began work in his profession on the Baltimore & Ohio railroad, then in course of construction. Remaining with this com])anv until the completion of the road, Mr. Manning then acted for a time as assistant city .surveyor of Baltimore ; but he soon abandoned the life of an engineer, and began busi- ness as superintendent and half owner of the .\valon Nail & Iron Works, near Baltimore. In 1859 Mr. Manning began his long connection with the business of life insurance, and at the same 26 MKA OF XEIV VORK^EASTER.y SECT/OX time took up his residence in the Empire State, which has since been his home. Moving to New York city, he entered the service of the Mutual Life Insurance Co. in the actuary's department, and remained there for the next seven years. He then spent a year as secretary of the Hartford Life II'. S. MAXXLXG & Annuity Co., but returned to New York at the expiration of that time as the agent of the John Hancock Mutual Life Insurance Co. His connec- tion with the life insurance business lasted until 1886, when he moved to Albany, and became traveling agent for the Albany Chemical Co., one of the most important and successful establishments of its kind in the country. This position he still holds. But Mr. Manning is most widely known as a writer and speaker on questions of the day. He has published many articles on the subject of life insurance, and has attained considerable reputation as an expert in this line. Of greater general interest, however, are his writings on ([uestions of political economy and finance. Many of these have ap- peared in the American Economist, as well as in newspapers throughout the country. They are characterized by clear and forcible reasoning, and display an amount of statistical information that denotes wide and careful research. Mr. Manning is an ardent believer in a high protective tariff; and two pamphlets published in 1884, entitled respectively " Our Ameri- can Policy and the Monroe Doctrine" and "The Tariff Issue in the Past and Present," are strong arguments in sup- port of his position, and would do much to convince an opponent of the sound- ness of his views. Naturally, Mr. Man- ning has been an active worker in the ranks of the Republican party for many years, but he has never sought nor held political office. He took a prominent part in the campaign of 1896, when he worked for the nomination of McKinley, and later for his election, both in the press and on the stump. Lender the direction of the Republican national committee he made many speeches in New York state and in the We.st, main- taining to the last that the vital issue of the struggle was not the money question, but the (piestion of a protective tariff. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — William Sheppard Manning was born at Baltimore, Md., January 12, 1834.; completed liis education at St. Mary^ s College, Baltimore ; joas a civil engineer on the Baltimore &= Ohio railroad, 1851— 56, and superintendent of the Avalon Nail &= Lron Works, 1857-59; married Maria Emelia Falinestock of Baltimore Januarx 12, 1858, who died in November, 1858 ; married Florence Mary Mayer of New York city June 10, 1869 ; engaged in the business of life iiisurance, chiefly in New York city, 1859—86 ; has been travel- ing agent for the Albany Chemical Co. since 1886. (Ibarles ]£. Patterson is a native of the Green Mountain State, where he was born fifty-odd years ago, in Orange county. After attending dis- trict schools, he obtained further education at Castle- ton (Vt. ) Seminary, and at Washington Academy, Cambridge, N. Y. He then entered Union College, from which he graduated in I860 with the degree of A. B. The following year he moved to Troy, and began his legal studies in the office of Seymour & Ingalls of that city. He was admitted to the bar A/E.y OF .\7-:ir )OKk-— EAS7KKX sect/o\ May (), 1863, and in 18(59 was admitted to practice in the Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. Patterson began the active practice of his profession January 1, 18B4, in partnership with his former preceptor, David L. Seymour, under the firm name of Seymour & Patterson. This connection lasted until the death of Mr. Seymour in 1867. The next year he associated himself with Moses Warren in the firm of Warren & Patterson. In 1S70 he moved to New York city, where he practiced for about three years in the firm of Tremain, Tyler & Patterson. The great metropolis has some obvi- ous advantages over any other city in the country as a field of professional work, and these appeal strongly to a man of talent and ambition ; but Mr. Patterson deemed it advisable to return to the smaller city where he had begun his legal career. He did so, accordingly, in 1874, and has practiced uninterruptedlv in Troy ever since. He at once re- sumed his former connection with Moses Warren. Later the firm became War- ren, Patterson & (lambell, and more recently it has been Warren, Patterson & Faulkner ; but at the present time Mr. Patter.son is practicing alone. His clientage is large and varied, and he has long been recognized as one of the lead- ing attorneys of the city. Mr. Patterson's jirofe-ssional eflbrts have not been confined to a single special line. He has conducted a vari- ety of office and court work, and has figured in several criminal cases of great local interest, though this branch of the profession has little attraction for him. Perhaps his best work has been done in connection with railroads. As counsel for a .syndicate of bondholders of the Troy & Boston railroad after its consoli- dation with the Fitchburg, he resisted a mortgage foreclosure that would have resulted in considerable loss to the secu- rity owners. His success in this matter led to his em|jloyment as counsel by a number of bondholders of the Wabash railroad, for whom he appeared in the United States courts in Ohio, Illinois, and Indiana. He secured full payment of the amount of their holdings, success- fully resisting an attempt to force them to take new bonds for their old holdings, at largely reduced interest. Mr. Patterson is a director and one of the counsel of the United States Life Insurance Co. of New York, and counsel for the Richmond Railway & Electric Co., for which he has appeared in the United States courts in Virginia. In 1878, soon after his return from New York, Mr. Patterson was nominated on the Democratic ticket for representative in congress, but was de- feated. In 1881 and in 1882 he was a member of the state legislature, and in the latter year he filled the important jwsition of speaker of the a.ssembly. In 1893 he received the honor of a nomination as delegate at large to the constitutional convention. Mr. Patterson is highlv regarded by his fellow- citizens, for his ability as a lawyer and for his many engaging personal qualities. He belongs to no fraternal organizations other than the Delta Kappa Epsilon and the Phi Beta Kappa college societies. He is a vestryman of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. CHARLES E. PATTERSO.X PERS ON A L CHR ONOLOG Y— Charles Edward Patterson was born at Corinth, Vt. , May 3, 184^2 ; graduated from Union College in 1860 : studied law in Troy, N. Y. , and was admitted to the bar in 28 AfEX OJ- \Ell- yOKK^ EASTERX SECT/OX 1863 ; married Fanny Maria Seymour of New York citv April 25, 1871 ; was member of assembly from Rensselaer eotmty, 1881-82 : has practiced law in Trov since 186S ivith the exception of three years spent in N'ew York cit\. -# - JAMES //. I'lERlH 3ameS lb. pierce began his long and event- lul lareer in ("linton county, New York, in 182(1. His education was limited, comprehending only the common and select schools of the rural community in which he spent his early years. He began his busi- ness life in the village of Keeseville in northern New York, where he acted as clerk in a general store. This was in 1843. Two years afterward he was sent to Fredericksburg, Va., to manage a similar establishment. After returning to Keeseville in 1846 and resuming his former position, he went to Milwaukee, Wis., the next year, and thence to Neenah, Wis., in 1849. The Badger State was not then so pleasant a place to live in as it afterward became, and Mr. Pierce decided from a short exjierience that the rugged hills of his native county were more attractive than the western plains. Having returned to the Empire State, accordingly, he associated himself with James B. Dickinson, and purchased with him in 1852 the property on which is now located the village of Bloomingdale. There the two men erected mills and forges, and transacted for several vears an important business in milling, lumbering, iron making, and general merchandising. The outbreak of the Civil \Var found Mr. Pierce entering upon a \ igorous manhood, with personal plans well ma- tured and organized for victory. As soon as it became clear that the war must be fought to a long finish, Mr. Pierce abandoned his private interests, and gave himself up unreservedly to the cause of his country. In July, 1862, he raised a company of one hundred men, turning them over to the proper authorities at Plattsburgh, N. Y., with- out cost to the government for organiza- tion or transportation. He enlisted him- self, and was commissioned captain of company C of the 118th regiment. New York volunteers. Serving continuously until May, 1864, he was taken prisoner then and confined in various places, in- cluding Libliy prison, hut was finally paroled in December, 1864. Since the war Mr. Pierce has been engaged in farming, for the most part, in northern New York. Public affairs, however, have taken up a good deal of his time. He was supervisor from the town of Franklin four years, and chair- man of the board two years ; and he represented Franklin county in the assembly dur- ing the years 1870-72. Moving back into Ksse.\ county in 1877, he continued there to take a promi- nent part in political affairs. He has been super- visor from the town of St. Armand for the last thirteen years, having been chairman of the board for four years. In November, 1896, he was elected to the assembly from Essex county. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — James H. Pierce was horn at New Siveden, N. Y. , August 27, 1826 : married Olive C. Lennon at Keeseville, N. Y. , August 7, 18~)6 ; engaged in various branches of busi- ness in New York, Virginia, and Wisconsin, 184S- r>0, and in lumbering, manufacturing, and farming in northern New York, 1851-62 ; served in the i iiiou ariuv, 1862-64 .' bas been engaged in tarniing and in -VEX OF XEir ]'ora--~/-:asterx sect/ox ■J 9 public life in Franklin and Essex counties, New York, since 1865. Mllliam 3. IROCbe, corporation counsel for the city of Troy, was born there forty-odd years ago, and has always lived there. He began school at an early age, and completed his education at St. Mary's .'Kcademy ( now La Salle Institute ) in his eighteenth year. Having determined to become a lawyer, he then entered the office of Townsends &: Browne as a student. This was one of the foremost law firms in the city, and their business was not only large in extent but varied in character. It furnished an exceptionally good school in which to obtain a comprehensive knowledge of the law in all its branches, and Mr. Roche made full use of the opportunities presented. Admitted to the bar in due time, he became managing clerk of the estab- lishment ; and in 1878, on the retire- ment of Irving Browne, Mr. Roche suc- ceeded him as a member of the firm. Three years later Rufus M. Townsend also withdrew, and a new firm was organ- ized consisting of Mr. Roche and Martin I. Townsend, at that time United States district attorney. This lasted until 1890, when Henry T. Nason was admitted to partnershiiJ ; and since Mr. Nason's elei- tion as county judge in 189(), Mr. Roche has practiced alone. The firm of which he has been a member for nearly twenty years was one of the most prominent at the bar of Rensselaer county, and has conducted a large amount of important business. Mr. Roche deserves a full share of credit for this success, and it may safely be asstniied that the recent severance of his partnership connections will not injure his professional career. He is pre-eminently a trial lawyer, and has won many victories before juries in hotly contested cases. The people of Troy have not failed to appreciate Mr. Roche's legal ability, and have given him frequent opportunitv to use it for the benefit of the city. In 1883 he was nominated by the mayor and confirmed by the common council for the office of city attorney, and held the position for nearly three years. In December, 1886, he was appointed comptroller of the city to fill an unexpired term, and the following vear he was appointed for a full term. He held this position until October, 1890, when he received an appoint- ment as corporation counsel of Troy. At the expiration of his first term he was reappointed, and still holds this responsible office. The Democrats of his district elected him a delegate to the con- stitutional convention of 1894, where he served on the committee on powers and duties of the legislature, and on the committee on corporations. He also took a leading part in this body in the efforts for canal improvement ; and he favored the abolition of the pension system for judges and the prohibition of all further civil pensions, con- sidering them contrary to the spirit of our demo- cratic institutions. He was the author of the con- stitutional provision 1>\' which the county judges and surrogates in counties of a certain population are prohibited from practicing law or acting as referees. Wn.I.lAM J. ROCHE Mr. Roche is a thoroughly public-spirited citizen, and has the prosperity of his native city deeply at -f He originated the movement that resulted (itv k ure'^pllt iinlir\' (\^ T~,p\'iiit/ li-jlj tti*j heart in the city's present policy of paying half the 30 ME\ ()!■' \EW YORK—KASTERX SECTIDX expense of building sewers and laying pavements — a policy that has done much to make Troy a healthful and desirable city, and has given a marked impetus to all other improvements. Through the Citizens' Association, of which he is an active member, he introduced and carried the first resolution calling for CHARLES R. SKIXXER the creation of a park commission and the establish- ment of public parks. Mr. Roche is a member of the Robert ELmmet .Association and of the La Salle Institute Alumni, and attends St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— William J. Roche ivas horn at Troy, N. Y., in 1853 ; was edu- cated at St. Marf s Academy, Troy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 187 i. ; married Mary L. Campion of Ne7v Yo?-k city June 15, 1880 ; was city attorney of Troy, 188SS6, and city comptroller, 1886-90 ; was a delegate to the constitutional con- vention of 189Ji : has been corporation counsel of Troy since 1890 : has practiced hnc in Trov since 1878. CEbarles 1R. Skinner was born in Oswego county, New York, in 1844. He came of New Kngland ancestry, his father having been born in New Hampshire and his mother in Connecticut. .\fter attending a di.strict school of the usual type he entered the academy in the village of Me.xico, and obtained further instruction at the Clin- ton Liberal Institute. His purpose was to go to college, and he prepared for Hamilton. He was unable, however, to gratify this ambition. His attainments in future life were such that Hamilton College gave him the degree of Master of Arts in 1889, and Colgate LIniversity made him a Doctor of Laws in 1895. Having abandoned a collegiate for a mercantile career, Mr. Skinner became in 18(;7 manager of the New York house of the Waiter \. Wood Mowing & Reap- ing Machine Co. He was so engaged until 1X70, when he purchased a third interest in the Watertown Daily Times, and associated himself with Lotus Ingalls and Beman Krockway in the publication of that paper. Having a wide acquain- tance in Watertown, where he had pre- viously served as assistant jiostmaster, and where his parents had lived in early years, Mr. Skinner understood well the temper of the people, the traditions of the region, and other local conditions of interest to a newspaper publisher. He acted as business manager and as city editor of the Times, and showed promis- ing journalistic talent from both the busi- ness and the editorial standpoint. In 1874, however, he accepted a favorable offer for his interest in the paper. Acquiring a taste for political affairs while engaged in journalism, Mr. Skinner gave himself up more and more to public life after he left the Watertown Times. He was elected to the state assembly from the first Jefferson-county district in the fall of 1876, and was returned to the legislature for four successive years there- after. This record is very unusual, and shows unmistakably the satisfaction of his constituents with his service. In 1881 he was elected to the national house of representatives to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Warner Miller. His district comprised Jefferson, Lewis, and Herkimer counties. He was re-elected in 1883, and thus served in the 47th and 48th congresses, or two full legislative terms altogether. In every case his A/E\ OF XKir YORK— KAS'J-KRX SECTfOX !1 nomination for oSfice was unanimous. While in congress he introduced a bill for two-cent letter postage. Other bills to the same purpose were pre- sented, and in October, ISiSo, the postage on ordi- nary letters was reduced to two cents. He also intro- duced and actively advocated a bill providing for "special delivery " of letters : and in 1885, through his efforts, this measure likewise became law. The profits to the government from this svstem last year were S100,()0(K Years ago Mr. Skinner became much interested in the cause of education. He served nine years as a member of the board of education in Watertown. In 1877, while in the assembly, he introduced a bill, afterward enacted into law, to prevent frequent changes of text-books in the public schools. In April, 1886, he was appointed deputy state superin- tendent of public instruction, and three years later was reappointed to that posi- tion. In .April, 1892, he was made supervisor of teachers' institutes and training classes. In February, 189.^, he was elected state superintendent of pub- lic instruction for a term of three vears ending April 7, 1898. In all these im- portant offices Mr. Skinner has devoted himself most zealously to the perfection of educational methods and the general improvement of the public schools in the Empire State. The measure of suc- cess attained by him is evident in his constant advancement. In July, 1896, at its meeting in Buffalo, he was elected president of the National Kducational Association, the largest body of its kind in the world, having a membership of more than 10,000. Mr. Skinner has been prominent in social as well as in public life. He is greatly interested in Masonry, and has taken high rank in the order. He is a life member of the New York State Press Association, and has often served as its delegate at meetings of the National Editorial Association. He belongs to the Fort Orange Club of Albany, the Republican Club of New York city, the Union League Club of Brooklyn, and the Thousand Island Club of Alexandria Bay. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Charles Riifus Skinner was horn at Union Square, Oswego coiintx, N. v., August If, ISJflf; was educated at common schools and academies and Clinton Liberal Institute ; engaged in business in Neiu York city, 1867-70 ; was manager and part owner of the Watertown (IV. Y.) ' ' Daily Times, ' ' 1870-7 Jf ; married Elizabeth Bald- win of Watertown October 16, 187 S ; ivas tnemher of assembly, 1877-81, and representati7)e in congress, 18Sl—8i> ; was deputy state superintendent of public instruction, 1886-92, and supervisor of teachers institutes and training classes, 1892-96 ; has been state superintendent of public instruction since April 7, 1895 ; was elected president of the N^ational Educa- tional Association in July, 1896. XTbomas /IDartin Hlovsius :CSurl?e, the son of Dr. I'lic Burke, was born in the west of Ireland in 1840. Coming to America in early boy- hood, he gratified his yearning for a religious life by entering St. Michael's College, Toronto, in TH0.\f.4.S MARTIX ALOYS! US BURKE 1855. A year later he became a student in St. Charles College, Ellicott City, Md., where he was contemporary with Cardinal Cibbons, Archbishop Kain of St. Louis, Bishop Keane, lately of the 32 .UJi.V OF XEIf JV'A'A" - KASTER.X SKC770\ Catholic Universit)- at Washington, and other iihis- trious ecclesiastics. Their friendship and esteem have been his from these student days, and have been unspeakably dear to him. Having completed his classical course at St. Charles, the yoimg student received the unusual honor of an invitation from the faculty to teach in the college. He was so occupied for a \ ear, con- tinuing his study of philosophy at the same time. Entering St. Mary's Seminary, Baltimore, in l)S(il, he graduated thence in June, 18(i4, with the degrees of Master of Arts and Bachelor of 'I'heology, ci/iii iihi.xiiihi lauik. On Jime .'^0, 1864, he was ordained jiriest by Bishop McFarland of Hartford, and was made assistant to St. John's Church, x\lbany, N. Y. In April, 18(55, he was assigned to St. Joseph's Churth b\ the Rt. Rev. John J. Conro\ , becoming the bishop's assistant at the same time. His career as a priest was connected for the most jjart with St. (ose]jh's, and his work there was strikingly effi- cient as regards both spiritual and material results. He was particularly successful as an educator, and established many flourishing schools, including St. Joseph's Academy. The Young Men's Sodality of St. Joseph's became, under his vigorous manage- ment, a strong agency for good, and an inspiring stimulus to the young men of other churches. In 1884 Father Burke was appointed theologian by the Most Rev. .Apostolic Delegate in the third Plenary Council at Baltimore, where he distinguished himself by his eloquence and learning. In March, 1889, he was created Knight of the Holy Sepulchre ; and since his consecration he has been raised to the dignity of Knight of the ( Irand Cross or of the high- est order. Upon the promotion of the Very Rev. P. A. Lndden to the bi.shopric of the new diocese of Syracuse, Father Burke was appointed his suc- ce.ssor in the office of vicar-general by Bishop McNeirny, and discharged the duties of that office for seven years to the satisfaction of bishop and clergy. Upon the demise of Bishop McNeirny in January, 1894, Father Burke was appointed adminis- trator of the diocese by Archbishop Corrigan of New York. His admini.stration was marked by the .same succe.ss that distinguished his career as pastor and vicar-general. In January, 1804, Father Burke was nominated to the vacant see by the consultors and irremovable pastors of the diocese. This action was subsequently approved by the bishops of the province, and was confirmed by the reigning pontiff, Leo XIII., who caused to be issued in Rome May 11, 1894, an apostolic brief appointing him fourth bisho]j of Alban\. The ceremonv of consecration occurred Sunda}', Jul) 1, 1894, in the Cathedral of the Immaculate Conception. His ( Irace, Archbishop Corrigan of New York, was the consecrator, and the a.ssistant con.secrating prelates were Bishop McQuaid of Rochester and Bishop Ludden of .Syracuse. There were present several bishops, all the priests of the diocese, and representatives of the reverend clergy from almost everv diocese in the couutrv. Since his consecration Bishop Burke has gi\en fresh evidence of his abilitvas an administrator, and there is no doubt that the spiritual and tem|)oral interests of the diocese will be guarded and promoted effec- tivelv by his episcopal care. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— llwnuu Martin Aloysiiis Burke loas born in Ireland in ISJfO .• padua/eJ from St. Charles Co/ieae, Rllieott City, A/i/., (Ill:/ from St. J/arv' .< Seniinarx, Baltimore ; icas assistant at St. /oliii s Cliiirch, Alhanv, 1Sfl.!f-fJii, and at .St. Joseph' s Church, Alhany, ISli'i-!)!^ ; was Ticar-general of the Roman Catholic diocese of Albany, lSS7-0Jf, and has been bishop of the same diocese since ISft.'f. IHclSOn BaVCnpOrt, one of the oldest and best-known lawyers at the Rensselaer-county bar, was born at Varna, in Tompkins county. New- York. After attending the Troy Conference Academy three years, he went to the National Law School, then located at Ballston, .\. Y., two years, and was ad- mitted to practice in the state courts July 1, 1850. In 18()0 the same privilege was extended in the case of the United States Circuit Courts for New York state, and in 1890 he was admitted to practice in the L'nited States Supreme Court. For a few years he was in partnership with Cleneral FL F. Bullard. Since 1882 he has practiced with ^Villianl H. Hol- lister, Jr., under the firm name of Daxenport & Hollister. This association has lieen altogether suc- cessful, and the firm disjjatches a large volume of legal busine.ss. True to the traditions of his calling, Mr. Daven- port has taken great interest in political matters, and has frequently ap]jeared before the public eye in connection with important offices. In 18().") he was appointed by (lovernor Fenton one of the commis- sioners of capital police. This was an important ]jost, as the territory covered included Alban\, Watervliet, West Troy, Schenectady, Crreen Island, Cohoes, Lansingburgh, Troy, North Cireenbush, Bath, and Creenbush. Mr. Davenport held the office four years. In 187.? he received a similar a|)i)ointment from Covernor Dix, becoming thus one of the ' York WILL L. LLOYD city April 6, 1865 ; was engaged in the manufacture of paper in New Hampshire and N'ova Scotia, 1872- 76 ; 7vas elected to the state assembly in 1895 and re- elected i?i 1896 ; has been superintendent of the Herki- mer Paper Co. at Lyon Falls, N. Y. , since 1876. liHill %. XI055 of Albany, though still a young man, has had an eventful and interesting career. Born in the capital city in IfSOo, he received his early education in an Episcopal school, where he met the charges for tuition by serving as a choir boy in All Saints Cathedral at Albany. After that he graduated from the Albany Business College and from Walworth's Stenographic Institute. In 1872, at the age of twelve, he began his long career at the state capitol, becoming a page in the assembly. He continued to act in this capacity for seven years. This experience came at a time of life when the memory is like " Wax to receive, and marble to retain "* ; and Mr. Lloyd then laid the foundation of his pres- ent extensive knowledge of political con- ditions in the Empire State. Becoming a messenger for the assembly in \%1'^, he was appointed superintendent of the wrapping department the next year. For two years after that he was the assembly correspondent of the Brooklyn Eagle. In 1883 he had charge of the United Press bureau at the capitol; and in 1884 he was the legislative correspondent for the New York Truth. The foregoing summary of Mr. Lloyd's early life shows that he was connected officially with the New York legislature for thirteen years, ending in 1884 ; and during the twelve years since then he has likewise been connected, though un- officially, with the law-making bodies at Albany. Appointed a clerk in the law de|)artment of the Central-Hudson rail- road in 1884, he was stationed at Al- bany, and has ever since been intrusted with the important mission of guarding the legal interests of the railroad at the state ca|)ital. When Chauncey M. Depew became president of the road he ap- pointed Mr. Lloyd president's clerk. After holding this office until 1894, Mr. Lloyd received the appointment of assist- ant tax agent. He still holds that po- sition, having charge of the company's taxes on the Hudson, Putnam, and Har- lem divisions of the system. His long experience in the assembly, minute knowledge of legislative methods, and extensive acquaintance with lawmakers in all parts of the state, render him an extremely valuable official for the Central-Hudson company. Mention has been made of Mr. Lloyd's journal- istic work as an Albany correspondent, but other achievements in similar lines should be recorded. He was the originator and the first compiler of the New York "Red Book," still brought out annually by James B. Lyon, to whom Mr. Lloyd sold his in- terest. This publication was the outcome of Mr. Lloyd's work entitled "Interesting Legislative Notes," which was followed by a volume called the "Legislative Record." Mr. Llovd is also the MEX OF NEIV VORK^EASTERX SECTION 39 author and composer of many popular songs and bal- lads. His earlier productions of this nature were published by Wendell &: Co., Albany, and Brentano of New York : W. A. Pond & Co. of the latter city are his present publishers. Mr. Lloyd takes great delight in collecting bric- a-brac, autographs, stamps, and the like ; and he has acquired a notable gallery of legislative portraits from 1860 until the present time. This is the only collection of the kind covering so long a period, and could not be duplicated. It is insured for S3000, and is, of course, becoming more and more valuable with the lapse of time. Mr. Lloyd probably has a larger acquaintance with the politicians of New York than any other man of his age in the state. He is a sort of connecting link between the public men of the past and those of the jiresent day. He knows almost everyone of note in the jjolitical world within the borders of the Empire State. Since 1890 Mr. Lloyd has been secre- tary of the Albany board of directors of the Co-operative Building Bank of New York city. He has taken much interest in the Masonic order ; and is a member of De Witt Clinton Council, No. 22, and a life member of all the Scottish Rite bodies, including Albany Sovereign Consistory of 32d degree Masons. He is an officer in the following bodies : Mt. Vernon Lodge, No. 3 ; Capital City Chapter, No. 242; Temple Commandery, No. 2 ; and Cyprus Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. Mr. Lloyd is a member of the Episcopal church, and one of the governors of -the .Albanv Club. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — William Lrinaii Lloyd was horn at Al- lianv Max 27, 1860; it'as educated in Albanv schools ; married Lda C. LLaiipiner of New York city February 21, ISSi : was connected with the state assembly as page, messenger, and othenvise, 1872 -80 : teas a ne70spaper correspondent at Albanv, I88I-8J1. ; has been in the employ of the New York Central A'A'— /i.lS/A'A'X S/u-y/OX 41 Ireland, coming to the United States in 1824, and settling in Albany after a short stay in Boston, Mass. Mr. Meegan was studious and quick to learn from his boyhood, and his parents did all in their power to gratify his ambition : but he was obliged to depend chiefly on his own efforts to secure the general and special training necessar) for his chosen calling — that of the law, upon which he had determined while barely in his teens. Leaving St. Joseph's parochial school, therefore, at the age of thirteen, he en- tered the law office of P^dwards & Sturte- vant as office boy and student. It soon became evident that he had made no mistake in choosing his profession. Everything relating to the law was deep- ly interesting to him, and he |)ursued his studies with delight, even the endless and tedious details of legal science fail- ing to dampen his ardor. He remained in the office mentioneil for seven years, then studied for a short time with Isaac Edwards, an eminent attorney, and at the age of twent)'-one was admitted to the bar. Mr. Meegan at once opened an office on his own account in Albany, and has practiced there continuously since, al- ways without an associate. He had pre- jiared himself with unusual care for the practical work of a lawyer ; and liis natural fitness for the calling, coupled with unflagging energy, brought substan- tial success in a short time. He has long enjoyed a wide reputation as a criminal lawyer, and has been retained as counsel in many important cases in Albany and its vicinity. Mr. Meegan's connection with public affairs in Albany dates almost from the beginning of his professional career. He had practiced but two years when he was elected corporation counsel of the city, and he held the office by successi\e elections for nearly five years. He found an amount of accumu- lated work and unfinished suits that would have dis- heartened many men ; but he set himself resolutely to clear up the affairs of the office, and accomplished much in a comparatively short time. His able and vigorous administration saved the city a large amount of money, and was most satisfactory to his fellow- citizens. In 1874 he retired from the office, and for twenty years devoted himself wholly to his private practice, though he continued to take an active inter- est in political affairs. Finally, in 1894, when the attention of all good citizens was aroused to the demoralized condition of the Albany police force, and an effort was making for its purification, Mr. Meegan accepted an appointment as one of three police commissioners of the city. He labored earn- estly for three years, against fierce jxilitical 0]i|k)- /•■/' II ;;/,'/) /. .l//;A(;./.\ sition, for the reorganization of this branch of the city government. This important work, performed gratuitously, was appreciated by the public ; and at the expiration of his first term he was reappointed for another three years. Notwithstanding his lack of early educational op- portunities, Mr. Meegan is a man of broad culture, and is unu.sually well versed in general literature. His boyhood love of books has never left him ; and he is the owner of an excellent private library, and of one of the largest law libraries in the state. He is a member of the Roman Catholic church, and of the Catholic Chili of New York city. PERSONAL. CHRONOLOG Y— Rdvmrd Joseph Meegan was born at Albany September iS, 42 MEX OF iXEW )X')KK—EASTEK\ SECT/OA' ISJfG ; attended St. Joseph 's parochial school, Albany : studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1867 ; was corporation counsel of Albany, 1SG9-74 : married Katie E. Welch of Albany June '>, 1878, who died January 10, 188^ ; married Mary M. Mattimore of Albany September 29, 1886 ; has been one of the police commissioners of Albany since April 27, 1891, : has practiced Ann in Albany since 1867 . FRAXCIS J. A/OLLOV jfraUCiS 3. /IDOllO^, mayor of Troy since l.s;»4, ami otherwise well known in both political and business circles, was born in Troy shortly before the middle of the century. His whole life has been spent in his native city, and he is thoroughly identified with its institutions. After attending the public schools of Troy he obtained instruction in the higher branches of learning at St. Joseph's Academy in the .same city. He left school, how- ever, at the age of sixteen, having resolved to lead a business rather than a professional life. This determination was made easier by the fact that his l)rother, James E. Molloy, was already well established in a commercial career, and offered him an exceptionally good opportunity to learn business methods thoroughly. Entering his brother's whole- sale house, accordingly, Mr. Molloy worked hard and faithfully as a clerk and general assistant for five years. At the end of that period he had the busi- ness so well in hand, and had made himself so valu- able to his brother, that the latter offered him an interest in the concern. This was in l.STO, and ever since then the firm of J. E. Molloy & Co. has carried on a wholesale grocery business in Troy. The house is one of the oldest in the city, with high credit, and a large trade in Rensselaer and adjacent counties. The general public does not commonly think of Mr. Molloy in connection with his business, but is more likely to asso- ciate him with the numerous public offices that he has filled from time to time. He began early in life to take an interest in political affairs, but held no important office in the public service until 1880, when he became an alder- man from the 1st ward in Troy. In that year a change in the city charter called for the election of two aldermen, one for a term of nine months, and the other for a period of twenty-one months. Mr. Molloy preferred to take the short term, ending December 'M, 1880. He held no pul)lic office from that time until 1890. In March of that year the legislature passed a law debarring any person con- nected in any way with the sale of ales, wines, or liquors from holding the office of i)olice commissioner. This act necessi- tated the resignation of one of the Dem- ocratic members of the board, and on .■\pril 15, 1890, Mr. Molloy was elected by the common council to fill the vacancy. On March 9, 1X92, he was appointed for the full term of four years. Before he had completed this term his capacity for public affairs was so much appreciated that his name began to be mentioned in connection with the office of chief magistrate of the city. Having received the Dem- ocratic nomination for the mayoralty in the spring of 1894, he was elected for the term 1894-96. In the latter year he was again nominated and elected, and is now discharging the duties of the office. His present term will expire December 31, 1897. Mayor Molloy has been a member of the Demo- cratic state committee from the Troy district since MEX OF XKW YORK —EASTERN SECTIOX 43 1894. He holds directorates in the Troy Gas Co., and in the Manufacturers' National Bank of Troy. He is a member of St. Mary's Roman Catholic Church, and lielongs to various social organizations. PERS ON A L CHR ONOL O G V— Francis /inc-ph Molloy 7S.H1S horn at Troy, N. Y., March 21, ISlff) ; 7oas educated a/ St. Joseph' s Academy, Troy; was clerk in his brother' s wholesale grocery house, 1865-70 : 7tias alderman from the 1st ward, Troy, in ISSO, and police commissioner, 1890-9J^ ; has been mayor of Troy since March, 180J^ ; has been a mem- ber of the ivholesale grocery firm of J. E. Molloy &= Co. since 1870. 3arViS IP. ©'iBriCU is prominent among the younger lawyers of Troy, where he has practiced since his admission to the bar several years ago. Born in Fort Edward, Washington coun- ty, New York, shortly before the close of the Civil War, he received an excellent general education, attending first a pri- vate school, then the union school, and finally graduating from Fort Edward Collegiate Institute in 1887. Two years later, having made choice of the legal profession as his vocation, he went to Washington, and became a student in the law department of Columbian Uni- versity. He graduated thence in June, 1891, but remained at the university another year for a postgraduate course. Returning North then, he took up his residence in Troy, entering the law office of Smith & Wellington as a clerk ; and was admitted to the bar in September, 1893. Mr. O'Brien's preparation for his professional career had been unusuall}- thorough, including both theoretical in- struction in a law school and practical experience in an office ; and he was well fitted to begin practice on his own ac- count. This he did immediately on his admission to the bar, and for nearly four years now he has been steadily making his way in his chosen profession, and winning for himself a place and a name at the bar of Rensselaer county. Mr. O'Brien has long been interested in public affairs, and has been active in support of the Republican party. He has been a delegate to various political conven- tions, including the state convention of l.S9(). January 1, 1897, his public services and his legal ability were recognized in his ap|K)intment by Wesley O. Howard, the district attorney of Rens- selaer county, to the office of assistant district attor- ney. He has taken up the duties of the position with much energy and skill, and the fact seems assured that he will discharge them ably and effi- ciently. Mr. O'Brien has been wholly occupied with his profession and with pulilic affairs, and has not inter- ested himself greatly in clubs or societies, which so many men find attractive. He is, however, a life member of the Firemen's Association of the State of New York. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Jarvis P. O ' Brien ivas born at Fort Edward, N. \ '. , May 21^, 181 iJf. ; 7Cias educated at private and public schools and at Port Edward Collegiate Institute ; graduated from Columbian University Law School, Washington, in JAR17S /'. OBRIE.X 1801, and 7i'as admitted to the bar in 1893 ; 7t'as ap- pointed assistant district attorney of Rensselaer countv January 1, 1897: has practiced laic in Tro\, N. Y., since 189-i. 44 .\n:x OF x/:ir )iy,'K — /c.istj-.r.x skct/ox XeVViS ID. XTbagCr, though stUl under thirty- five years of age, has occupied for more than two years the responsible position of sheriff of All)any county, New York. Horn in Warren county in 1803, he was educated in Troy, where he attended the nulilic schools, and afterward a business college. /.A. II7.V ;•. TH ivi:k He was an apt student, and made full use of these op- portunities, and when the time came to begin busi- ness life he was excellently equipped for active work. Entering the service of the National E.xpress Co. at Troy as an office boy in the ca.shier's department, he soon ro.se to more important positions in the office ; and afterward became express messenger on the railroad between New York and Montreal. The company recognized in him an employee who could be implicitly trusted, and soon placed him in charge of the money department at Troy ; and he subsequently managed the agencies of the company at Plattsburgh and at (liens Falls, handling large sums of money, of which he never lost a dollar. After several vears of this office exiieri ence he returned to his former position on the road between New York and Montreal, and continued so engaged until a serious railroad accident in 1887 nearly cost him his life. His injuries were at first supposed to be fatal, but after almost three years of helplessness and suffering he was entirely cured. Hy this time Mr. Thayer had had enough of the dangerous calling of a railroad messenger ; and he determined to abandon the express business, in which he had made so excellent a record, and to make a new start. He formed, accordingly, with his father, the livery firm of L. Thayer iS: Son. This venture was successful from the first ; and the business has steadily increa.sed in volume imtil it is now one of the largest estab- lishments of its kind in Tro\', or even in that part of the state. Mr. Thayer has always been a stanch Republican and an earnest party worker, though never a professional politician or office seeker. In the fall of 1894, how- ever, he was enthusiastically nominated by the Republican convention of Albany coimty for the office of sheriff; and in the ensuing election recei\ed a majoritv of nearly oOUO votes, although it was many years since a Rejjublican had been elected in the county, and the Demo- cratic majority in the previous year had been (iOOU. Mr. Thayer's po|)ularity is amply evidenced by the fact and the manner of his election, and his fitness for the office has since lieen fully demon- strated. His prompt and energetic dis- charge of his duties, and evident de- votion to the interests of the jjublic, have won for him the approval of all good citizens without regard to party. Since 1884 Mr. Thayer has made his home in West Troy, now VVatervliet, and has taken a promi- nent part in the life of that thriving city. He has attained high rank in the Masonic fraternity, and belongs to numerous bodies of the order, including the Albany Sovereign Consistory of 82d degree Ma.sons. He belongs to Albany Lodge, No. 49, B. P. ( ). K., and to the Improved Order of Red .Men. He is a member of the Young Men's Chris- tian As.sociation of ^\'atervliet, and of the First Presbyterian Church of that city. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Leivis Van Hoesen Tliavtr was born at Gletis Falls, N. Y.. April ^8, ISa-) ; was ,;li/iaf,;l in Troy (N. Y.) .i//-;.\' 01-' XEW Yoi^K i-:.\s'ri:R.\ sfaiiiw •lo public schools ami business college ; married Etizabetli A. Humphrey of West Troy, N. V., April 30, 1884; ?e>as ill the emplov of the National Express Co. in various capacities, 1870-87 ; has carried on a liTery business in Tro\ since 1890 ; was elected sheriff of Albany county in Noi^etnber, 18&4, for the term 1895-97. ]£. iPrClltiSS 3BailCV h;w given almost all his life to newspaper work. He has identified himself with Utica and its journalism so completely that the mention of the city carries with it, to most hearers, a suggestion of Mr. Bailey and the Utica Obsen5, he was ordained to the diaconate in St. John's Church, Troy. He then entered the senior cla.ss of the (Jeneral Theological Seminar)' in New York city, from which he gradu- ated in ISIKi. On Novemlier .'!0 of the same year he was advanced to the priesthood by the late Bishop Horatio Potter. Dr. Battershall's first work was as assistant minister of Zion Church, Madi.son avenue, New York, where he spent two years. He then became rector of St. Thomas' Church, Ravens- wood, Long Island, and the next year took cliarge of Christ Church, Rochester. He remained there five years, during which he was a member of the standing committee of the diocese ; and on August 1, 1X74, accepted a call to St. Peter's Church, Albany. He is still rector of this historic and in- fluential parish, founded in 171o, and representing the first church of the Anglican commmiion west of the Hudson river. During the long years of its existence many names eminent in various walks of life ha\e been included in the communicant list of St. Peter's, and it has always been a social and spiritual power in the life of the state capital. The present pari.sh church on State street just below the capitol, is one of the most impressive church edifices in the country. Dr. Battershall is |)rominent in the general work of the church, both in his own diocese and beyond. For the past eighteen years he has been a trustee of Hobart College, (Jeneva, N. Y., and he has long been a member of the diocesan board of missions. Seven times he has l)een sent by the diocese of Albany as a delegate to the triennial (General Con- vention of the Protestant Episcopal church. He contributes occasionally to various periodicals, and has delivered baccalaureate sermons before Hobart, L'nion, and Trinity colleges. The degree of Doctor of Divinity was conferred upon him bv Cnion College in 1877. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Walton Wes- ley Battershall was horn at Troy, N. ¥., Januarv 8, IS.ifO ; graduated from Yale College in 1861/ , and from the General Theological Seminary in ]8(!0 : mar- ried Anna Davidson Williams, danghter of Fletcher Wlliams of Newark, N. Y., October IS, 1S(>U .' ^'f^.f rector of St. Thomas' Church, Ravenswood, L. /. , in 1868, and of Christ Church, Rochester, 1869-7 ^ ; has heen rector of St. Peter^ s Church, Albany, since 187 i. (Ibarles 3. Bucbauan »as bom at New lierlin, N. Y., somewhat more than fifty years ago. His early education was received at the academy in his native town, and later in life he attended the United States Military Academy at West Point for upwards of two years — from June, I.SIJ.S, until October, IMO. Deciding wisely that the legal pro- fession promised greater usefulness to the world and ampler personal rewards than a purely militarv career, Mr. Buchanan left West Point in the middle of his counse, and began the study of law. He was admitted to jjractice at the general term held at Albany in January, 1874. In April of the next year he was admitted to membership in the law firm of Smith, Bancroft &: Moak (Henry Smith, LeGrand Bancroft, Nathaniel C. Moak). In January, 1880, the style was changed to Smith, Moak &: Buchanan, and in December, 18,S4, the firm became Moak c\: Buchanan sim|)ly. These changes were due solely to the deaths of the senior associates. The firm of Moak f: Buchanan having dissolved in September, 1892, Mr. Buchanan practiced alone until ,\pril, 1897, when he joined (leorge Lawyer to form the firm of Buchanan & Lawyer. Mr. Buchanan has thus practiced continuously, at the bar of .Albany county for the last twenty-three years. In that period he has conducted a vast amoinit of important legal business and litigation, and has liuilt up a large and lucrative practice. This rapid summary of Mr. Buchanan's profes- sional work has made no mention of a very imjior- tant iiart of his career. In November, 18(il, when he was less than eighteen years old, he enlisted as a ])rivate in the 1st regiment. Ignited States sharp- shooters (Berdan's). He never left the regiment from that time until the war was over. Though he did not miss a single action in which the regiment took part, yet he was never wounded in all the lierilous campaigns and battles through which he passed. He participated in the engagements at Yorktown, Hanover Court House, Caines's Mills, Malvern Hill, Antietsm, Chancellorsville, (Gettys- burg, the Wilderness, Spottsylvania, Cold Harbor, Petersburg, and elsewhere. From the ranks of the privates he advanced step by step, liecoming succes- sively corporal, sergeant, sergeant major, first lieu- tenant, and adjutant. As might be expected from the foregoing, Mr. Buchanan has paitl much attention to military alTairs, JZ/TA' OF XF.W VORK^F.ASTERX SECT/OX 4'.i He has taken special interest in the National Guard of the State of New York, and is now major and judge advocate of the 3d brigade. He is also a companion of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, and belongs to the LTnited Service Club of New York, and the Army and Navy Club of AN'ash- ington. He is a trustee of the National Savings Bank at Albany, and a life trustee of the Young Men's Association in that city. He has membership in about all the leading .social clubs of Albany, in- cluding the St. Andrew's Society, the Hums, Fort Orange, and Albany clubs, and the Buchanan Society of Scotland. He is one of the commissioners and the treasurer of the Washington park a.sso- ( iation. A Republican in political pref- erences, he has yet deemed it best to devote himself strictly to his profession, and has not thought it worth while to concern himself actively with party or- ganization, or to seek political office. He is a memlier of the Episcopal church. FEJiS OX' A L CHR ONOL OGY — Cliarles Jay Buchanan was horn at New Berlin, Chenango county, Af. Y., Decern - her 27, 184-3 ; ivas educated at New Ber- lin Academy ; served in the Union army, lStJl-(i5 ; attended the United States A/i/i- tary Academy at 1 1 est Point, lS(iS-70 ; 7cias admitted to the liar in 187 ^ ; married Caroline Fan I'alkenhurgh of Alhany Octo- her 27, 187i> : has practiced laio in Alhany since 187-'>. 2)£lVi5 3B. Ibill has had one of the most complete political careers ]jossible for a citizen of the Lhiited States, hold- ing in turn each of the chief legislative and executive positions in the gift of the people, with the single exception of the presidency : and for that office he was strongly supported by the delegates from his state in the national convention of 1892. Mr. Hill is the youngest son of Caleb Hill of Windham county, Connecticut, who, with his wife, Eunice Durfey, a woman of great intelligence and superior force of character, settled in Havana, N. Y., in the early jjart of the century. Caleb Hill was a carpenter, and was unal)l-e to give his son any unusual educational advantages; but the home in- fluences amid which the lad grew up were of the liest, and amply compensated for any lack in other directions, .\fter graduating from Havana Academy at the age of seventeen, Mr. Hill began the task of making his own way in the world, and for that pur- pose entered the office of one of the principal lawyers of his native place as a clerk. There he attracted the notice of Colonel John I. Lawrence, who encouraged him in his desire to become a law\er. In ISdo, 17/1 A'/ /:.s- / /:rr//.ix i\ accordingly, he entered the office of Erastus P. Hart of PHmira as a student ; and in November, 1864, he was admitted to the bar. He at once opened an office in Elmira, where he continued to practice until the demands of public life compelled him to relinquish his profession. He rose rapidly to a leading position at the bar of central New York, and proved that his talents as a lawyer were e(|ual to those that he has since displaj'ed as a legislator and executive officer. Mr. Hill's interest in jjulilir affairs dates from his early manhood, and he has been in acti\'e ])ublic life for more than a ipiarter of a < entury. In l.SliS he reiiresented Chemung county in the state conven- tion of the Democratic jiarty, and two years later 50 ^rE\ (IF x/iir ■(IRK— E.ISTERX SECT/OX was elected to the assembly. Although the youngest member of that body except one — he was only twenty-seven years of age — he served on several important committees, and particularly distinguished himself by securing the passage in the assembly of a bill abolishing prison contract labor. Although the DAIJD n. J// LI. senate failed to act upon the bill, Mr. Hill's eftbrts in behalf of workingmen were warmly appreciated by them, and did much to increase his popularity. Re-elected for the year 1872, he was made a member of the judiciary committee that rendered itself famous for its investigation of the charges against the "Tweed-ring" judges of New York city, and was elected by a practically unanimous vote of the assembly one of the managers of the prosecution before the senate. Mr. Hill's only Democratic col- league in the judiciary committee was the veteran party leader, Samuel J. Tilden ; and this association was the beginning of the warm personal and political friendship that existed between the two men for .so manv vears. Mr. Hill's prominence in the counsels of his party is evident from his continuous service of more than a dozen years in the state conventions, of which he was president in 1877 and 1881 ; and from his membership in the national conventions of 187ti, 1884, and 189(5. He was also a member of the state committee for many years. In the spring of 1882 the Democrats of Klmira ])laced Mr. Hill in nomination for the office of ma)or, and he was elected by a handsome majority over an opjiosing candidate of undoubted popu- larity and ability. He held the office only a short time, as a wider field of usefulness awaited him ; and in the fall of the same year, after receiving strong sujjport in the state convention for the chief place, he was unanimously nomi- nated for lieutenant governor on the ticket headed by Grover Cleveland. The enormous strength of this ticket was shown on election day, when each of these candidates received a plurality of nearly 200,000 votes. Mr. Hill assumed the office of lieutenant governor January 1, 18 Justice Ingalls began his long service on the bench, receiving a unanimous nomination for justice of the Supreme Court in the 3d judicial dis- trict, and being duly elected to the office. In 1870 he became, ex-officio, a member of the Court of Ap- peals. In 1871 he was nominated by both political parties for the same office, and was elected without opposition for a term of fourteen years. In 1.S77 he CHARLES K. /XCA/.L.S was appointed by the governor of the slate a mem- ber of the general term of the Supreme Court of the 1st department of the state, comprising the city of New York, and made his home in the metropolis for MKX OF AEIV yOKK—JiASTER.\ SECT/ON about three years. At the ex])iration of his term of office he was again elected for the term 1885-99 ; but he resigned in 1890, having reached the age of seventy, which forms the limit of service for justices of the Supreme Court. Since his return to private life Justice Ingalls has given a good deal of time to consultation and the hearing of references ; and he is much sought after in such matters on account of his long ex]jerience and high standing in legal circles. In 189() he had the honor of an appointment as one of the committee of one hundred to the conference at Washington to consider the jjracticability of establishing a perma- nent system of arbitration between Great Britain and the United States. He was a delegate at large from New York state to the Democratic national conven- tion which met at Charleston, S. C, in 1860, where he favored the nomination of Stephen A. Douglas for the presidency. Justice Ingalls has long been prominent in the social life of Troy as an honored and inlluential citi- zen. He has been a trustee of the Rensselaer Poly- technic Institute for twenty-five years ; and in 1887 declined a unanimous election to the presidency of the institution, deeming the holding of the office incompatible with his Judicial duties. He has been a member of the Second Street Presbyterian ('hurch of Tioy for many years, and is one of its ruling elders. He spends his summers, with his wife and their onl)- child, Margaret ^\. Ingalls, at the old homestead at tJreenwich, which has been in the possession of the family for more tiian sixtv years. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G \ '— Cluxrles Rus- sell /iixa//s 7iyart Krum loas l'pr>i in the town of Fulton, Sclioharie county, A'. Y. , January 12, 1S33 : was educated in district and select scluwls, and Union Free School, Chicopee Falls, Alass. : was admitted to the bar in 1S55 ; married Frances Amelia Washburn of Fort Edward, N. v., February 20, 1868 ; raas a delegate to the state constitutional convention of 1807, and to the Republican national conventions of 188 J/., 1888, and 1892 ; was elected state senator in Novetnber, 189') ; has practiced law in Schoharie, N. ¥., since 18i>7. TlitHarilCr /IDillCr ^vas bom in Oswego county, New York, somewhat less than sixty years ago. His ancestors came to America from Cerman^' in AfEX OF XEir VORk'—FASTERX SECTroX" 1680, and the family has ever since been prominent in the Empire State. Mr. Miller's great-grandfather was a colonel in the Continental army during the Revolution ; and one of his uncles represented Westchester county in the state assembly for four- teen successive years. Having attended common schools and afterward fitted for college, Warner iNIiller entered Union College at Schenectady, and graduated therefrom with high rank in I860. He then taught for a while at Fort Edward Institute, but on the outbreak of civil war enlisted as a private soldier in the 5th New York cavalry. He served in Virginia under General Banks and others, becoming sergeant major of his regiment. At the battle of Winchester, in March, 1862, where he was acting lieutenant, he was taken prisoner by "Stonewall" Jackson's brigade, but was paroled while in the hospital at Winchester. Soon after this he was honorably discharged, and went abroad. Mr. Miller spent some time in the commercial centers of P^irope, and l>e came especially interested in the manu- facture of paper. Having thus acquired much valuable knowledge on the subject, he established a plant at Herkimer, N. Y. , for the manufacture of paper from wood pulp. He has been identifieil uith this industry ever since, and has long been one of the foremost jjajier manufacturers of the country. His suc- cess has been due in great part to his im- provements in paper-making machinery. These inventions enormously lessened the cost of producing paper, and made possible the great metropolitan news- papers of to-day. Mr. Miller is known throughout the country for his part in public life. His first important political service was in 1874, when he was a member of the state assembly from the Herkimer district. He was re-elected in the year mentioned, and made a distinguished record as a practical, clear-headed, and efficient legislator. His work was so well liked, indeed, that in 1878 he received the Republican nomination to congre.ss from the district comprising Herkimer, Lewis, and Jefferson counties. He was elected by a substantial majority ; and two years later was again elected, this time by a greater majority. He did not serve out this term, however, becau.se of his election to the national senate in July, 1881, after the resignation of Roscoe Conkling and Thomas C. Piatt. In 1888 Mr. Miller was a prominent member of the convention that nomi- nated General Harrison for the presidency ; and he was the Rejniblican candidate in the same year for the governorship of New York state. It would be a long story to describe fully Mr. Miller's work as a lawmaker. In the assembly he rendered effective aid to the common schools, suc- cessfully advocating the employment of the entire educational fund of the state in their development. In the house of re|iresentatives he served on vari- ous important committees, and had a large share in shaping the geheral policy of his party in the lower branch of congress. In the senate he attained wide popularity by his part in effecting the passage of the li:-/A'.\7:A' Mil LER bill increasing the pensions of disabled veterans, and by his advocacy of the letter carriers' eight- hour law. He was also actively concerned in the enactment of various other important pieces of 56 .1/^A' OF XKir yORK—EASTF.RX SECT/OX legislation. Mr. Miller has always been identified with the best elements in the Rei)ublican party, and he is widely respected for his upright methods of jjolitical management. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Wanin- Mil- ler was horn at Ifainiiluil, Osicci^o lOiiiilx, X. Y., J. H. MITCHELL Au}(iist 1^, 1S38 ; graduated from Union College in 1860 ; served in the Union army, 1861-62 ; 7narried Caroline C. Chiirehill of GUn'crsville, N. Y., July IS, 186. li : 7cias member of assemlily, 187i>—76 : 7cias elcited to the house of representatives in 1878 and in 1880 ; sensed in the United Stales senate, 1881-87 : has been engaged in the manufacture of paper at Herkimer, N. Y., and elscivhere since 1865. %. lb. /IliitCbCll is a prominent physician of Cohoes, with a large practice ; and he is also the chief magistrate of the city. Such a combination of jjrofessional distinction with ]jrominence in pub- lic life is not often found, ;inil is due to the possession liy Dr. Mitchell of unusual intellectual and personal i|ualities. His character and record are such as to establish his purity of motive and honesty of purpose ; and his native sagacity and practical bent of mind are likewise factors in his .success as ma\or f)f Cohoes. Dr. Mitchell has hardly yet reached the prime of his powers, since he was born little more than fort)- years ago, in Delaware county, New York. After grad- uating from Delaware Academy at Delhi in 1877, he entered the Albany Medical College, and received his doctor's degree in 1881. Moving to Cohoes at once, he began general practice as physician and surgeon, and has since followed his calling in that city. He has enjoyed for several years a large anil lucrative jjractice, and is widely known in Cohoes and adjacent places as a wise and skillful ph\sician. He belongs to various medical societies, and has frequently written professional papers to be read before such associations. Especially noteworthy are his articles on " Sebaceous Cysts," " Pneumonia," ■•Tetanus," and "Traumatic Erysipelas," which were [mblished in the New York Medical Record and the Albany Medical Annals. He was a delegate to the Pan- .Vmerican Medical Congress in I81)."j. Dr. Mitchell's career in public; life began soon after he settled in Cohoes, and haa been continuous since then. He was police surgeon of the city in 1884-85, coroner's physician for .-Mbany iount\' from 1888 until 18K2, and police surgeon again from 1891 to ISt).!. He was city-hall commissioner in 189ij-9(!. In October, 189.5, he received the Repub- lican nomination for the office of mayor, and was elected in November of that year. Regarding his work in the mayor's chair a local paper speaks as follows : "He has thus far performed the duties witli sucli zealous regard for tlie good of the peo])le as to win encoiiiums from all jiarties. He has acted in his pulilic life with the untiring zeal that won him success in his chosen profession. .Vlthougli one of the most busy men of the city, he yet fuids time to give much attention to his public duties. Dr. Mitchell was chosen mayor, not because he was a politician, for he had no leisure to dabble in politics ; but because the people wanted a man at the head of municipal affairs who was not interested in jobs, and who would not countenance jobbery. In short, they wanted a man who was not identified with factions, and who would act for the best good of all, irrespective of party. He is tlie right man in the right place, reflecting credit upon the cit\' and honor upon himscK.'" j/y-f.v OF x/-:ir vork /;. IS -/■/■: A\y s/ccr/o.v Dr. Mitchell believes in fraternal societies, and belongs to many such. He is a member of Cohoes Lodge, No. 11(>, F. & A. M., Bloss Council, Apollo Commandery, and the Order of Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He also belongs to the Knights of Pythias, the Odd Fellows, and the Royal Arcanum. He is a member of the First Presbyterian Cliun h of Cohoes. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G ) -—Janus Hcnn Miiclull was horn at MeredWi, Delaware county, N. y., October 1, 1850: graduateii from Delaware Academy in ISn , and from Allmnx Medical College in 1S81 ; married Margaret If. Rmoland of West Kortright, N. J'., November 21, 1SS2 ; vjas coro- ner's physician for Albany county, 1888—92, police surgeon of Cohoes, N. Y., 188^-85 and 1891-95, and city-hall commissioner, 1895-96 ; has been mayor of Cohoes since April 1-i, 1890 ,• has practiced medicine in Cohoes since 7881. i — StepbeU /IDOffitt, widely known in public life in Clinton and adjacent counties, was born at Clinlonville, New Vork, about sixty years ago. He owes the large measure of success that he has attained solely to his own persistent efforts, since he was fa\ored with no special advantages of birth or early train- ing. Up to the time he was si.\teen years old he lived the hardy life of a farmer's boy in the rugged .\dirondack region, attending the district school at intervals, and working on the home form much of the time. After he had secured a fair general education in this way, he was emijlojed for se\eral years on the steamers of the Cham|jlain Transporta- j tioii Co. Then came the Civil War, and witli it Ceneral Moffitt's first ojiportunity to distinguish himself Knlisting as a pri- vate in the 9()th regiment, New York volunteers — he was, indeed, the first man to join the regiment — he was elected first lieutenant of company 1! on its organization. The regiment went at once to the front ; and on the death ot ' Captain Parsons in June, lS(i2, Lieuten- ant Mofifitt succeeded him in command of the company. The next year he received his commission as lieutenant colonel of the regiment, the following year he was made colonel, and in February, IXd;"), he was brevetted brigadier general. He served as provost marshal of the subdistrict of the Albemarle, North Caro- lina, on Ceneral VVessell's staff, and held a sim- ilar position mider (leneral Cibbon during the organization of the 24th army corps ; and was not mustered out of service until February fi, 18C(). Such a record of continued jjromotion indicates un- mistakably the bravery and gallant conduct of the man, and proves how ably he served his country during those trying times. General Mofifitt endured his full share of the misfortunes of war, since he was taken prisoner at Plymouth, N. C, April 20, 1864, and lost a leg at the second battle of Fair Oaks, Va., October 27, l.H(i4. Returning to Plattsburgh early in 1866, General Mofifitt began a long career of public service in more peaceful capacities. His first appointment was that of deputy collector of internal revenue for Clinton st/-:pj//-:.\ moI-fitt county and a part of Essex county. In the fall of 1 867 he was elected county clerk of Clinton county, and was re-elected in 1870, holding the position for six years. At the expiration of this service he was ."),S MK.\ OF XEW YORK— EASTERX SECTION appointed warden of Clinton prison. In June, 1S70, he was appointed by President Cirant collector of customs of the district of Champlain. President Hayes reappointed him in 1880, and he held the office until the change of administration in 1885 brought the Democrats into power. In the fall of 1888 he was elected member of the assembly, and discharged his duties as a legislator with the same ability and fitithfulness that has ever been character- istic of him. He introduced in that body the 1)111 providing for the establishment of a State Normal School at Plattsburgh, and was successful in his efforts to secure its i)assage. In 1889 President Harrison showed hisappreciatioit of Cieneral Moffitt's ability as a customs officer by appointing him once more to the collectorship of the district of Cham- plain. General Moffitt was a delegate at large to the Republican national convention at Philadelphia in 1872, when (General Grant was renominated. He is the present member of the Reiwblican state com- mittee from the 2.'!d district. In the r.ocial life of Plattsburgh (leneral Moffitt is well known as a public-spirited citizen who can be counted on to work for the best interests of the com- munity ; and as [jresident of the Iron National Bank he occupies an imjiortant position in the commercial life of the place. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Stephen Moffitt was !>oni at Clintonville, Clinton county, N. Y. . August 0, lS-i7 ; teas educated in common schools : was employed on Lake Champlain steamers, 1853-61 ; served in the Union army, 1S61-66 ; was county clerk of Clinton county, 1S6S-7S, and loarden of Clinton prison, 1S7S-7IJ ; teas collector of customs of the district of Champlain, 1876-85 and 1889-93: 7vas a member of the state assembly in 1889 ; has been president of the Iron National Bank of Plattsburgh, N. Y., since July 1, 1896. Cbarles Ifjalseg /IDoore illustrates by his career the value of a long line of honorable ancestry. He is of Scotch-Irish lineage, his great-great-grand- father, William Moore, having emigrated from the north of Ireland in the early ]iart of the eighteenth century, and settled in Stonington, Conn. There he married Mary Palmer, who became a noted Quaker preacher. This remarkable woman contin- ued her active labors until her death at the advanced age of one hundred, making a journey on horseback through the wilderness to Canada at the age of eighty, and another to Vermont two years later. Samuel Moore, a grandson of William and Mar)- Moore, moved from Troy to Plattsburgh, N. Y., in the early part of the jjresent century, and became one of the first settlers of the place. His son, Charles Curran Moore, the father of our present sub- ject, went West about 1855, and engaged in busi- ness in Wisconsin until his death. Mr. Moore's grandmother, Elizabeth Pitcher, belonged to a dis- tinguished family, her brother, Nathaniel Pitcher, having served as assemblyman, state senator, con- gressman, member of the state constitutional conven- tion of 1821, lieutenant governor, and governor of New York state. Mr. Moore's mother, Mary Minerva Miller, was a direct descendant of Thomas Halsey, who settled on Long Island about lO.'iO. Mr. Moore was born in Plattsburgh, and spent his childhood there, receiving his preliminary training in the common schools and in Plattsburgh Academy. When he ^vas nineteen years old he joined his father in ^^'isconsin, and for the next five years he devoted himself alternately to teaching and studying, attend- ing the University of Wisconsin at Madison and Pieloit College as he had opportunity. He then returned to Plattsburgh and began the study of law in the office of his uncle, the late George Moore, a prominent attorney, and secretary of the Northern New York Mutual Fire Insurance Co. of Plattsburgh. He continued his studies with lanner iS: Potter, was admitted to the bar in 1874, and has practiced con- tinuously in Plattsburgh ever since. He has been especially successful as a commercial lawyer, practic- ing in both the state and United States courts, and caring for the interests of an extensive clientage with conspicuous ability. In political matters Mr. Moore has always placed the fullest confidence in the Republican party, and has received in return many evidences of their con- fidence in him. He has been president of the Young Men's Republican Club of Plattsburgh, and a member of the executive committee of New York State Republican League, as well as a delegate to national and state conventions. In 1885 he declined a nomination for member of assembly. In ISilo he was elected a delegate to the state constitutional convention, and took a prominent part in the delib- erations of that body. He acted as chairman pro tempore of the committee on legislative ])owers, and as chairman of other important subcommittees ; and presided over the convention on several occasions at the retjuest of its president, Joseph H. Choate. As a presiding officer he displayed unusual tact and thorough parliamentary knowledge ; and his speeches on the floor, especially those relating to canals, suf- frage, and free labor, were able and effective. Mr. Moore has also filled various local offices, such as inspector of customs, tax collector, and member of the town board ; and is now recorder of Plattsburgh. MEX OF \EU' YORK ~ EASTERN SECTIOX Mr. Moore has won deserved repute in the past as an eloquent lecturer and powerful public speaker ; and his talents in this direction are still occasionally at the service of some Grand Army Post or branch of the Young Men's Christian Association. One of his most successful efforts, not less from the ha|)py treat- ment of the subject than from the unitiue interest of the subject itself, is his lecture on .Abraham Lincoln, in which, to use the words of ex-Secretary Bigelow, he has "condensed within an hour's talk the points in President Lincoln's ]ii< - turesipie career which are likely longest to survive in the memories of men." As might be expected, Mr. Moore takes a deep interest in the welfare of Platts- iiurgh, and has been a prime mover in many ]niblic improvements there. He is treasurer of the Board of Trade, and a member of the fire department. Me is also a director of the local Young Men's Christian Association, president of the Philharmonic Society, and a vestry- man of I'rinity Episcopal Church. He belongs to Clinton Lodge, F. & A. M. ; Chapter No. 39, R. A. M. ; De Soto Commandery, K. T. ; Oriental Temple, Nobles of the M}stic .Shrine, Troy ; and McDonough Lodge, 1. O. O. F. Mr. Moore is singularly happy in his home life, which is brightened by the presence of his charming wife and five children. Mrs. Moore is a descendant of the cele- brated Boynton, Burbank, and Hyde families, and of Colonel Johnston of colonial fame, and a niece of the late Chancellor WaUvorth's wife. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Charles Halsey Moore 7cias born at Plalts- biirgh, N. Y. , July 23, 18^4. ; 7vas eiliicaied at the University of Wisconsin (^Madison) and at Beloit ( Wis. ) College ; studied law, and ncias admitted to the bar in 1S74 ; married Rosa AI. Averill of Platts- burgh October 21, 1875 ; was a delegate to the con- stitutional convention of 1894 ; has practiced law at Plattsburgh since 187 ^ ; has been recorder of the village of Plattsburgh since June, 1800. lEDljar H. IHewell has identified his name with that of Ogdensburg, N. Y., his native place, by his active interest in whatever would increase the prosperity of the city, and build up its manufactur- ing and other industries. His life thus far has been filled with l)usv work and successful achievement. After completing the course in the Ogdenslnirg public schools, Mr. Newell finished his education in the academic dejjartment of the State Normal School at Potsdam, N. Y. He then took up business life in Ogdensburg, and after several years of prclimi- nnry training as an employee, was able, in l.S7;i, lo' CHARLES IIM.SF.Y MOORE Start out on his own account. Purchasing the busi- ness of H. F. Lawrence, he established the firm of Newell, Smith & Co., wholesale dealers in books, stationery, and notions. Three years later the style was changed to Fldgar A. Newell & Co., and the next year Mr. Newell assumed the entire con- trol of the business. In 1890, having been unusu- ally successful, and having built up one of the largest concerns of its kind in northern New York, Mr. Newell incorporated the busine.ss under the style of the Edgar A. Newell Co., and admitted several of his former employees to a share in the enter- prise. The house has done a steadily increasing business under the new arrangement, and has justi- fied the wisdom of its founder in the step taken. .I/AW iU' .\7-:ir ]'ORK - KASTKRX S/CC/Vii\ Mr. Newell's business success has been paralleled in his public career, since he has four times been a candidate for mayor of Ogdensburg, and has always been elected. His first term began in 1«89, and he was re-elected in 1.H90. In IS!).'! the Reimblican party jdnced him in nomination once more, this manufocturing enterprises, and thus adding to the resources of the place, and increasing the prosperity of its citizens. In addition to the offices men- tioned, he fills the positions of president of the Ogdensburg Savings and Loan Association, vice president of the Wholesale ( Grocery Co., and direc- tor of the National Bank and of the Ogdensburg Street Railroad Co. In the social life of Ogdensburg Mr. Newell naturally occupies a jirominent jjlace. He is a Knight Templar Mason and an Odd Fellow, and a trustee of the Union Mission for religious and chari- table work. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— F.i(i;a?- A //till Newe// was /loni a/ Og- i/c/is/mix, N. v., Afay 10, IS.'iS : was i-i/iitd/t-t/ ill /III- piili/ii sclioo/s : iiianiei/ Addic B. Priest of Potsdam, N. K, Novem/>er If), 1819 : rcas I'/ccted mayor of Ogdeiis/unx in 1889, 1890, 1893, and 1897 : establislied in 1879 tlie /nisiness now l-:no7on as tlic Edgar A. Nnoe// Co. at O^idensburg. EDGAR A. .MiWI-ll- time for a two-year term. ."Vfter an interval of two years, he was unanimously nominated for a fourth term in April, 1897. He received the enthusiastic support of his party, and also of many voters who placed the business interests of the city and its con- tinued growth and prosperity ahead of the claims of any individual or of any party, and who apjireciated the manifold advantages of a clean, businesslike administration of municipal affairs. Mr. Newell's public service has not been confined to his duties as mayor. .\s a private citizen he has taken an active part in all educational and other movements for advancing the best interests of the community. .\s president of the Board of Trade he has been foremost in attracting to the citv new H)eniS ©'JSrien was born near Ogdensburg, N. V., sixty years ago, his parents having come to this country a few years earlier from County Clare, Ireland, where the family had lived for many generations. His general educa- tion, begun in the country schools at an early age, was completed at Ogdensburg .•Vcademy, and he then read law in an office in that city. .Admitted to the bar at Plattsburgh, N. \. , in the spring of 1801, Judge O'Brien practiced for a few months in Ogdensburg ; but in October of the same year he moved to Watertown, where he de- voted himself to the active practice of his profession for over twenty years, or until compelled by official duties to give up private busine.ss. He possessed in abundant measure the qualities that make the ideal lawyer, and his success in his chosen profession was a.ssured from the start. To the quick perception and pleasing address so characteristic of his country- men, he added a cool and cautious nature and a well trained mind ; and he had the additional advantage of a sound physical constitution. His cases were carefully prejjared, and ably and dis- creetly handled ; and the prominence that he soon attained increased steadily until he became one of the leading lawyers in northern New York. MEX OF AKir YORK-— F.ASTKRA SF.CTfOX 111 A man of Judge O'Brien's ability and peculiar fitness for public life could not long remain indiffer- ent to its claims. His earlier work in this direction was confined to the cit)- of Watertown, which he served as alderman for four years beginning in 1869, and as mayor in 1878-79. In the latter office he particularly distinguished himself, and won the con- fidence of political friends and foes alike. The fol- lowing, from one who knew the man and his work, is significant : " His administration of the mayor's office was noted for the correction of many abuses that had sprung up, and was marked by a careful and persistent policy of retrenchment in all depart- ments of city government. He introduced busi- nesslike methods, and required his suliordi nates to conform to them. Through various checks and safeguards he protected the taxpa\ers, and estab- lished and enforced the principle that not one dollar should be paid unless the city had received full \alue in return." From 18.S0 until 1884 Judge O'Brien was a member of the Democratic state committee; and in November, 1X83, he was elected attorney-general of the state of New York. He was re-elected in 1885, thus serving four years as the chief law officer of the state. In March, 1,S88, soon after his retirement from this po- sition, he was appointed one of the ( om missioners to revise the excise laws. Judge O'Brien had thus held important offices in city and state, and had devoted a good deal of time to the public ser- vice, when he was elected, in the fall of 1889, to the high position of associate judge of the Court of Appeals. He took his seat on the bench of that court Jan- uary 1, 1890, and has thus served about half of his term of fourteen years. Judge O'Brien's brilliant public career has not come to him by chance, but as the result of favoring natural endowments and of honest and persistent endeavor. His most prominent mental characteris- tics are the ]30wer of analysis and the logical faculty, both so essential in the legal jirofession ; and he has as well a fund of strong common sense, courage, sound judgment, and devotion to prin- ciple. He enjoys the confidence and esteem of his fellow-citizens of Watertown, where he has lived for thirty-live years, and of the general public throughout northern New York. PEJi S O NA L CHR O NO LOG Y— Denis O'B/ie/i loas born near Ogdenslnirg, N'. Y., March 13, 18S7 : 7c>as educated at Ogdensburg Acadetnv ; studied law, and Wijs admitted to the bar in ]861 ; married Margaret T. McCahill of Utica, N. Y., January 8, 180S ; 7vas an alderman of U'aterton'n, N. Y. , 1869-73, and mayor, 1878-79 ; practiced /arc at U'atertimin, 18(Jl-8S; 7uas attorney-i^eneral for New York state, 188^-87 ; has been a judge of the Court of Appeals of Ne70 York state since January 1, 1890. MiUiam Xawrence proctor is widely recognized as one of the representative business men of northern New York, and foremost citizens of Og- densburg, where he has lived for nearly forty years. Born in New Hamjjshire sixty years ago, he received his early education in the district schools of his DF.MS OBRIEX native town of East VVa.shington, afterward attending Tubbs Union Academy at Middle Washington, and finishing his scholastic training at the academy at New London, N. H., at the age of twenty. Ii2 .UEA OF XEir ]'Oh'K— KASTERA SECT/OX Mr. Proctor began business Ufe shortly liefore at- taining his majority, entering the employ of his uncle, Lawrence Barnes, a lumber dealer of Burlington, Vt. He has ever since been connected with the lumber industry, -mvX his career illustrates the value of per- sistent a|]plication to a single calling. Sent to ( )g- W II. I /AM LAW k>i:\CI< PROCTOR densburg in 1859 to look after the interests of his employer in northern New York, he still makes his headtjuarters there ; though he has spent much time in New York, Washington, and Boston in behalf of the organized lumber interests of the northern and eastern states. The Skillings, Whitneys & Barnes Lumber Co , which he now represents, is one of the largest corporations of its kind in the country, and controls a great part of the lumber trade in the ter- ritory mentioned. They have a capital of over |il,()O0,O0O, with offices in Boston and New York city, and e.xtensive yards at North Tonawanda, N. ^'., and at Ogdensburg. Mr. Proctor has not been too deeply engaged in business to permit liim to take an acti\e interest in political affairs both at home and abroad ; and he has been one of the strongest representatives of the best element in the Republican party in northern New York for many years. He served as a trustee of Ogdensburg in the early days of his residence there, when the place was still a village ; and when it attained the dignity of a city he be- came an alderman, and afterward held the office of mayor for seven years. He was one of the committee that had charge of the building of the town hall in 1880, and has ever since been a mem- ber of the committee for its care and custody. He has also taken an active jiart in the work of the board of educa- tion and the committee on public works. Indeed, no man in Ogdensburg has l)een more intimately connected with the pub- lic imjirovements, buildings, streets, and general government of the city, than Mr. Proctor. Since 1882 he has been a member of the Republican state com- mittee, and in 1888 he was a presidential elector. In 1884 he was chosen an alternate delegate to the Republican na- tional convention, and in 189(j he was one of the delegates to the Republican national convention at St. Louis. Aside from business and politics Mr. Proctor has taken special interest in the building and development of the St. I .awrence State Hospital at Ogdensburg, which is deemed one of the finest insti- tutions of its kind in the world. He has given much time and thought to this .subject ; and has been a member of the board of managers of the institution for the past ten years, and during a great part of that time has been president of the board, a jjosition that he now occuijies. He has been superintendent of the poor since 1882, and trustee and president of the Ogdensburg Cem- etery Association since 1880. He belongs to the Masonic fraternity, and is an active member of the Baptist church, of whose Sunday school he was superintendent for more than a quarter of a century. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— U llliam Lmc- reiice Proc/or WHS horn at East Wasliiii^^ton, N. H., March 26, 1837 ; was educated in common schools and academies ; married Dolly Paulina Howard of Oi^densliurt;; N. V. , February 12, 1861 ; was mayor of Oiidensl'iirg, 1871-75 and 1884-86,- has been a memher of the Refii/dican state committee since 1882, and a )nciiiher of the hoard of /nanagers id the St. JfE.V OF .XEir YORK— EASTEKA' SECTION (i3 Lawmice State Hospital since 1SS7 ; has been con- nected witli the lumber trade since 1857, and is at present I'ice president of the Skillini^s, W'hitneys i^ Barnes Lumber Co. %0\>\\ IB. IRilCV, who for several years has ably occupied the position of consul general of the United States for Canada, is a native of Clinton county, New York, having been born there about forty-five years ago. After attending the district school of his native town of Schuyler Falls, and Plattsburgh Academy, he prepared for college at the Keeseville High School. He did not, however, take a colle- giate course ; but took up the profession of teaching, which he followed for several terms in the village of Au Sable Forks, N. Y. In 1875 he was elected school commissioner for Clinton county, and was re- elected in 1878 ; and during the years that he held this position he lal)ored per- sistently and effectively for the good of the schools committed to his charge. He also helped to organize the Clinton County Teachers' Association, and acted as its president and secretary for several years. Though greatly interested in the cause of education, Mr. Riley wa.s not content to devote himself solely to it ; and in the intervals of teaching and supervising he fitted himself for the legal profession. His progress in the attainment of the necessary knowledge was less rapid than it might have been under more favor- able circumstances, but it was none the less .sure and steady ; and in 1879 he was admitted to the bar, and opened an office in Plattsburgh. In 1885 he formed a partnershi|3 with T. F. Conway, under the style of Riley & Conway, that lasted for five years. The present firm of Rile\- & Healey was formed in 1895. In l.Si)2 Mr. Riley was admitted to practice in the United States courts. Mr. Riley has been much occupied with public service for many years. In 1884 and again in 1885 he was elected president of the village of Plattsburgh. In the latter year he was a]j])ointed by President Cleveland to the responsible post of superintendent of Indian schools — a position for which his active interest in edu- cational affairs and his practical knowledge of such matters fully qualified him. He resigned the post, however, in 1887, on his appointment as chief e.xaminer of the New York state civil-service com- mission. In 1898 he was appointed to his pres- ent position of consul general for Canada, in which he represents his government with distinction at Ottawa, the Canadian capital. The close relations existing between the Dominion and the States render the post an important one, and Mr. Riley's appointment thereto may be regarded as a proof of the high estimation in which he is held. Ever since his early days as a teacher and school commissioner, Mr. Riley has been deeply interested in educational work of all kinds, and he still devotes considerable attention to such matters. He is presi- dent of the board of managers of the State Normal School at Plattsburgh, an institution accommodating more than 200 students,' and occupying a handsome building valued at S1'>5,(I00, of which the citizens JOH\ It. RIIJIV are justly proud. He is also a trustee of the Catholic Summer School of .America, which for several years has held annual meetings at Plattsburgh, and is grow- ing in size and popularity year by year. (U MKX OF .\Kir Ir'A'A — /:'.i.V77:A'.\' SECT/D.V PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— John B. Riley 7017S horn at Sclitiyler Falls, N. Y. , Septemher 0, lS-'>'2 ; a/fended Flattshurgh Academy and Keeseville High School : /aught school, 18()9—H : ivas school commis- sioner/or Clinton coinitY, 1S7'>-S1 : 7('as admitted to t/ir har in 1S"i!>, and hcgan pitictice at Plattsliiirgh, [./■:si/i- (I. RrssEt I N. Y. ; married Genevieve Desmond of Plattslnirgh September 25, 1882 ; was president of the village of Plattshurgh, ISS^-Sf), superintendent of Indian schools, ISSi'i-Sl, and chief examiner of the Ne7v York state civil-serTice commission, 1887-0-i ; has been consul general for Canada since 1893. XeSlie Wi. IRUSSCll has an interesting lin- eage, extending hac k to early colonial days. His father and his grandfather were both lawyers, and his great-grandfather was Dr. Thomas Russell, a brigade surgeon in the revolutionary war. The original an- cestor of the American branch of the family was the Rev. John Russell, who sheltered (loffeand Whalley, the regicide judges, at North Hadley, Mass. Justice Russell was born in Canton, St. Lawrence county. New York, fifty-odd years ago. After at- tending the common schools and academy of his native town, he began teaching at the age of six- teen, and was so engaged for the next two years. He then began his law studies at Albany in the office of Hill, Cagger & Porter. Each of the.se gentlemen contributed his share to the prestige of this distinguished firm — Nicholas Hill, one of the greatest law- yers in the land ; Peter Cagger, the Democratic leader of the state ; and John K. Porter, who afterward became chief counsel for the government in the (juiteau case. Justice Russell com|jleted his studies in the office of Cary & Pratt at Milwaukee, \\'is. He was just twent)- one when the war broke out, and he |)re- pared to go to the front as a lieutenant in the 1st Wisconsin volunteers. This plan was thwarted by the .sudden death of his father, which called him back to Canton, and necessitated his continued residence there. Abandoning his patriotic intentions, therefore. Justice Russell applied for and obtained admission to the bar, and began ])ractice at once in Canton. In ler, IcS.Sl, however, before the expiration of his term, he was elected attorney-gen- eral of the state, and resigned his |iosition as county judge in order to take up his higher duties at Albanv. On returning for a time to private life in 1.SS4, Justice Russell sought a wider field for the exercise of his abilities ; and for the next eight years he iirarticed in New York iit\ with distinguished ME.X OF A'EIV yORK—EASTER.\ SECT/OX r)5 success. Some of the cases with which he was con- nected attracted wide attention, notably the Stewart will case, in which he acted as counsel for Judge Hilton in suits with the heirs of Mrs. Stewart ; and the Paine will case, where he succeeded in over- throwing the alleged will of "Miser" Paine. He was also counsel for the state in the Broadway-rail- road litigation, and for the Kings County Elevated Railway Co., the Twenty-third Street Railway Co., and others, and for the receivers of the West Shore railroad. During his residence in New York Justice Russell served in 1890 as a member of the constitutional commission. In the fall of 1891 he was nominated by both parties for justice of the Supreme Court from the 4th judicial district, and was duly elected, begin- ning his service of fourteen years in that high posi- tion January 1, 1892. Since his election to the Supreme Court Justice Russell has made his home once more in Canton, though he serves nearly half the year on the bench in New York city. So far back as 1878 he was appointed a regent of the University of the State of New York, and filled the position for many years, resigning on his election as justice of the Supreme Court. He is a member of the Bar Association of New Y'ork city and of the Lawyers' Club of the same place. He attends the Episcopal church. St. Lawrence Uni- versity conferred upon him in 1S77 the degree of LL. D. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Leslie IVead Russell was horn at Can/oii, N. Y. , April 15, 18^0 : 7vas educated at Canton Academv ; studied lata, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 : married Harriet Lawrence of Malone, N. V., Oc- tober 19, 1864- ; practiced law at Canton, 1861-81, and at New York city, 188^- 91 ; was district attorney of St. Lazvrencc county, 1869-73, and county Judge, 1878- 81 : was attorney-general of New York state, 1882-88 ; was a regent of the Uni- versity of the State of New York, 1878- 91 ; was elected Justice of the Supreme Court of New York state in 1891. emy, and continuing at .\mherst College, where he spent his freshman year, and at Williams College, from which he graduated in 1858. Having deter- mined to follow his father's profession, he studied at the Albany Law School, and afterward in his father's office — that of Beckwith, Johnson & Weed. In May, 1860, he was admitted to practice, and began his long term of service at the Clinton- county bar. Mr. Beckwith began practice with his father in the firm of G. M. & t;. H. Beckwith ; and though many changes have taken place in the personnel of the firm in the years since passed, the office still remains essentially the same which Mr. Beckwith entered as a student, and in which he began his work as a lawyer. Soon after his admission to the firm the stvle became Beckwiths &: Johnson : after (3eorge Ibenrv 36ecl?\vitb vvas born in Plattsburgh, N. Y., somewhat more than sixty years ago, and has made his home there ever since. He received a thorough general and clas- sical education, beginning at the Plattsburgh Acad- C.EORGE HE.XRY BECKWITH that Mr. Beckwith's brother was taken into partner- ship, and the firm became known as C. M. Beckwith & Sons ; then the two brothers practiced alone as G. H. & B. M. Beckwith ; Beckwiths & Reilley, ME.X OF A'EJr VORK—EASTERX SECT/OX Beckwith, Barnard & Wheeler, and Beckwith & Wheeler were subsequent associations ; and the pres- ent firm of Beckwith & Botsford was established in 1892. Aside from the fact that it is one of the oldest in Plattsburgh, the lirm is recognized as one of the most trustworthy and efficient ; and their clientage throughout Clinton county is extensive, and represents many large interests. Public affairs have not claimed a large share of Mr. Beckwith's attention, but he served for six years as district attorney of Clinton county. At the expiration of this time he declined a renomination, preferring to devote himself to his private practice. Though he takes little interest in public work of a political nature, Mr. Beckwith is not a man who has no sym- pathies outside his profession, and who neglects his public duties. During each presidential election he has freely given his services as a speaker in behalf of the Republican party. He is more deeply interested, however, in educational, religious, and philanthropic work ; and has done much in various ways to further such undertakings. He has written more or less for the press and the magazines on topics connected with these matters ; and has also delivered numer- ous addresses on public occasions on .social, political, moral, and religious subjects, not a few of which have been printed. During his college course Mr. Beckwith became a member of the D. K. and D. K. E. societies at .\mherst, and of the Alpha Delta Phi at Williams- town. He has for years been a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Plattsburgh, and is a trustee and elder of that body. PERSO NA L CHR ON O LOG Y— George Henry Beckwith was born at Plattsburgh, N. \., July 2G, 1835; graduated frotn Williams College, ll'/l- liaiiistoivn, Mass. , in 1858 ; was admitted to the bar in 1860 ; was district attorney of Clinton county, 1802-68 : married Emeroy E. Vilas of Plattsburgh September 17, 1860, who died July 29, 1891 ; mar- ried Airs. Harriet Murchison of Baltimore, Aid., December 2, 1896 ; has practiced laiu at Plattsburgh and A^no York city since 1860, maintaining an office in each place. Hlpbonso ^rumpbour (Ileavwater, county judge of Ulster county, and highly regarded throughout eastern New York in both public and private life, is descended from an old Dutch family that has won distinction on both sides of the ocean. His early ancestors took a prominent part in the eightv-vears war that established the Dutch republic. The .American branch of the family was founded by Jacobsen Klaarwater (according to the old Dutch spelling, which remained in use until about a hun- dred years ago), who emigrated from Baarn, Hol- land, and settled in Ulster county in 1664. Together with Rip Van Dam, governor of the province, Adolph Phillipse, Dr. Geradus Beekman, and Colonel William Peartree, he procured a patent of 7000 acres of land in the southern part of the county ; and the family has been prominent there ever since. Judge Clearwater's great-great-grandfather and his great-grandfather took part in the revolutionary war, and his grandfather was a soldier in the war of 1812. On his mother's side he is a descendant of Jean Baoudin, a distinguished Huguenot exile. In professional and public life Judge Clearwater has ably maintained the prestige of the family name. Born at West Point, N. Y., less than fifty years ago, he was educated in New York city and in the acad- emy at Kingston, N. Y. He afterward studied law at the latter place with Judge .\ugustus Schoonmaker and Senator Jacob Hardenbergh, and was admitted to the bar in 1871. He has lived in Kingston ever since, and has practiced his profession there with uninterrupted success. During the last twenty years, in fact, he has taken part in nearly all the more important cases in Ulster county, and has gained a reputation as one of the most able lawyers in that section of the state. Judge Clearwater was elected district attorney of Ulster county in 1877, and was re-elected in 1880 and in 188:1, thus serving for nine years as the pros- ecuting officer of the county. In 1889 he was elected county judge, and has filled the office ever since, having been re-elected in 1895. He possesses an intimate and accurate knowledge of the law, especially as it relates to criminal cases ; and this knowledge was recognized and utilized by the late David Dudley Field, at whose request he took an active part in preparing the present code of criminal procedure of the state. The Republican party has always had a strong supporter in Judge Clearwater. He has frequently served as chairman of the county committee, and has been sent as a delegate to national, state, con- gressional, senatorial, and judicial conventions. He is president of the Kingston Club, the Wiltwyck Rural Cemetery Association, and the Citizens' Charity Relief Association of Kingston ; and a trus- tee of the Sena'te House As.sociation of Kingston. He is a prominent and active member of many of the most exclusive clubs and societies in the country, including the Union League, Metropolitan, and Crolier clubs, and the St. Nicholas Society, all of New York city. He is vice president of the Huguenot Societv of .America, and was the first vice MEA' OF XEIV YORK— EASTERN SECT/OX president for Kingston of the Holland Society. He was chairman of the Holland Society's committee in the matter of the construction of the monument at Delft Haven, Holland, to commemorate the sailing of the Pilgrims from that port in 1()20. In 1888 he visited Europe, and was present at the dinner given to the Holland Society by the Chamber of Commerce of the city of Rotterdam, and delivered the response to the bur- gomaster's address of welcome. Judge Clearwater belongs to the society of the Sons of the Revolution, the New York Genealogical and Biographical Society, the Holland Society, the New York His- torical Society, the State Bar Associa- tion, and the Ex Lihris societies of London and Washington. He has de- livered many historical addresses, and is a frequent after-dinner speaker at the meetings of the various societies to which he belongs. Judge Clearwater has been for many years deeply interested in the preserva- tion and publication of data relative to the formative period of this republic, particularly that in which the residents of Ulster county bore a cons])icuous part ; and at his request the board of supervisors of Ulster county have under- taken and are now carrying on under his supervision the translation of the Dutch records of the county, from 1614 to 1777. He has also taken an active in- terest in the preservation and publica- tion of the records of the Dutch churches of the county ; and it is largely due to his efforts that the records of two of the most famous churches in America, the old Dutch Church at Kingston, and the Huguenot Dutch Church at New Paltz, have been translated and published. The further prosecution of this work is now being carried on by the Holland Society, of which Judge Clearwater was one of the founders, and of which he is one of the most active members. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Alphonso TrKinphoiir Clearwater was horn at West Point, N. v., September 11, 18^8 ; was educated in New York eity and at Kingston ( A\ Y.) Academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 : married Anna Lfonghtaling Ear rand, formerly of San Fran- cisco, Cal. , September 29, 1875 ; 7vas district attorney of Ulster count}', 1878-86 ; has been county Judge of Ulster county since January 1, 1800. Samuel jfOStCr >« well known in the legal profession of I'roy, where he has practiced most of the time for the last quarter of a century. Born in Rensselaer county fifty years ago, at the age of five he began attending the little country school known in the neighliorhood as the " Foster schoolhouse," ALPHOXSO TRLMPISOVR CLEARWATER from its situation near his father's farm. His school life ended when he was only eleven years old ; but he studied persistently and successfully by himself, and by the time he was sixteen he was teaching Latin, French, algebra, and geometry. He was engaged in teaching mo.st of the time for the next six years ; but in March, 1869, he moved to 'I'roy, and began the study of law. Admitted to the liar in September, 1871, Mr. Foster at once began to jiractice in Troy, and devoted himself uninterruptedly to his profession for upwards of fifteen years. During most of that time he was associated with Cilbert Robertson, Jr., and John C. Clreene in the firm of Robertson, (Greene & Foster. In the spring of 1.S88 he made a radical change, (IX .VEX OF XEIV VORK—KASrER.X SECT/OX moving to Kansas City, and engaging in business in partnership with C. R. Hicks. 'I'he depressed financial condition of the country beginning in 1893 rendered this western venture unsuccessful ; and in 1896 Mr. Foster returned to Troy, and resumed his law i)ractice. He at once renewed his association Mr. Foster has written somewhat for publication, more particularly during the last few years. One article, published in the San Antonio (Tex. ) Chron- icle in 1895, entitled "The Three Voices," and dealing with the political situation, attracted a good deal of attention. He has also occupied the " poets' corner" in several newspapers at dif- ferent times. Aside from his profession and from public affairs, he has interested himself more or less in scientific and educational matters. He is a Mason, and belongs to Mt. Zion Lodge, F. & A. M., Apollo Chapter, R. A. M., and Kansas Commandery, No. 10, K. T. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — Samuel Foster was born at Grafton, N. v., September 26, 18^7 : attended common schools ; taught school, 186S-tj9 : studied laiv, and ivas admitted to the bar September 7, 1S7 1 : married Charlotte A. Irving of Troy, N. Y. , April 2.9, 187 ^ : 7oas assistant district attorney of Rens- selaer countv, 187>>—78, and district attor- ney, 1870-81 : has practiced law at Troy since 187 1, loith the exce/'tion of a feie' years spent in business in Kansas City, 'Mo. SAMfEI. FOSTER with Cilbert Robertson, one of his former partners, but the connection was terminated in a few weeks by Mr. Robertson's death. Mr. Foster then estab- lished with John P. Kelly and William Isenberg the firm of P'oster, Kelly & Isenberg, which still con- tinues. Mr. Foster has always been a Republican in ))oli- tics, and has long been intere.sted in public affairs. January 1, 1876, he was appointed assistant district attorney for Rensselaer county ; and in November, 1878, he was elected district attorney for the term 1879-81. He discharged the duties of the office so efficiently that in 1882 he was nominated as the Republican candidate for county judge, but shared in the general defeat of the party in that year. (I. 2). IbammOnC) was bom in Alle- gany county, New York, somewhat more than fifty years ago. He received the ordinary education of the day, attending the district school in childhood, and graduating from Friendship Academy in his native county at the age of eighteen. He at once began the connection with the railroads of New York state that has continued ever since, with the single ex- ception of a year spent in the army. Becoming first a telegraph operator on the Erie railroad, he worked thus for two years ; when he resigned his position, and enlisted as a private in company K, ISBth New York volunteers. Soon after entering the army he was detailed for tele- graph service, and was employed in the war depart- ment at Washington and at different headipiarters in Virginia until the close of the war. Returning then to the Erie road, he remained with them as tele- graph operator and manager for about seven years ; and then, in 1872, entered the employ of the New York &: Oswego Midland railroad at Oswego as train dispatcher and assistant superintendent. In January, 1874, Mr. Hammond first became associated with the Delaware & Hud.son Canal Co., J/AW OF \E]V ]'i>RK~E.4STERX SECTION I.H) going to Troy in the capacity of train dispatcher. The next year he was appointed superintendent of the Susquehanna division of the road, and held the posi- tion for eleven years. At the end of that time he was made superintendent of the lines of the Dela- ware & Hudson company in New York and Ver- mont, known as the Northern railway department ; and he has now occupied that important position for an eijual period. Since ISTIi his headquarters have been in Albany. During the entire thirty-five years of his business life Mr. Hammond has never asked for a position or a promotion, and has never been without enployment ; and his continued advance- ment under these circumstances is sufficient evidence of his able discharge of the duties that have been assigned to him. While connected with the New York & Oswego Midland railroad he established there the system of moving trains by telegraphic orders ; and after he entered the service of the Delaware X: Hudson company he introduced the same ar- rangement on the Rensselaer & Saratoga railroad, then a part of the Delaware & Hudson system. Mr. Hammond has not been too bus\' to interest himself in various kinds of church work for many years. He was a lay delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal church in 1S84. 1)S8X, 1.S!I2, and 18il(i ; and he has been a member of the state e.\ecutive commit- tee of the Yonng Men's Christian Asso- ciation for a number of years. He is also a Mason and a Knight lemplar, and be- longs to the (Irand Army of the Republic. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Charles Darius Hammond 7vas horji at Riishford, N. V., March 1, ISU : was educated in district schools and Friendship (TV. Y. ) Academy : seri'ed in the Union army, 18(iJi^-65 : married Eunice Elnora Babcock of Friendship January 29, 1866 ; was in the employ of the Erie railroad, 1863-64 and 186.J-7:2, and of the New York &= Oswego Midland railroad, 1872- 73 ; has been in the employ of the Dela- ware &• LLudson Catial Co. since 187^, as superintendent of the Northern railway department of that company since 1886. On his father's side his first American ancestor was John Hathaway, who settled in Taunton, Mass., in ItioO ; and his mother traces her family back to Thomas Flint, one of the founders of Concord, Mass., several of whose descendants were jirominent in the war of the Revolution. Mr. Hathaway was taken to Plattsburgh when he was but five years old, and received his preliminary education in the common schools and academy of the place. He afterward prei)ared for college under the Rev. Dr. Coit ; and took a business course at Providence, R. I., and a .s])ecial course in modern languages at Montreal. Although he has long been connected with the law, Mr. Hathaway did not originally contemplate a professional career. After completing his education, he engaged in the clothing business in Plattsburgh in the firm of E. Hathawav C. D. HA.\fMO.\D jfranftlin jFlint Ibatbawa^, well known in Plattsburgh from his prominence in both professional and political life, comes from good old PZnglish stock that was iilanted in the new world in verv earlv davs. & Son for five years, or until compelled by ill health to give up active business life for a while. He then filled the position of assistant assessor of internal revenue for about two vears. In 1S72, his health 70 MEJV OF JVEIV YORK—EASTERX SECT/O.X being restored, he returned to business as a member of the firm of Vilas & Hathaway, hardware mer- chants, and for several years carried on this enter- prise. Mr. Hathaway was thirty-two years old when he made up his mind to abandon mercantile life and FJiAXKL/X FLl.XT HATHA WAY become a lawyer. He began his legal studies, accordingly, in the office of his father-in-law, George L. Clark of Plattsburgh ; and in due time was ad- mitted to the bar, and began practice in the firm of Clark & Hathaway. In 1883 he was nominated by the Repulilicans for district attorney of Clinton county, but shared the defeat of his party, though he ran 1000 votes ahead of his ticket. In Decem- ber, 1883, he was appointed recorder of the village of Plattsburgh, and held the office by successive rea])pointments until June, 18!)(!. This long term of service indicate.s unmistakably the esteem in which he is held by his fellow-citizens, and their apprecia- tion of his fitness for the position. In May, 1897, soon after his retirement from this office, Mr. Hathaway was appointed by President McKinley postmaster of the village of Plattsburgh. For many years he has been a leader of the Republican party in Plattsburgh and the adjoining territory, and a member of the county committee, which he has served as secretary and chairman. In 1890 he prepared the new charter for the village of Plattsburgh, which is deemed one of the best in the state. Mr. Hathaway has long been inter- ested in church work, and has acted for twenty-three years as secretary of the board of trastees of the B'irst Methodist Episcopal Church of Plattsburgh. In 1883 he was president of the Clinton County Bible Society. He is prominent, also, in the different Masonic bodies, and in 1892-93 was Eminent Com- mander of De Soto Commandery, No. 49, Knights Templar, of Plattsburgh. He is a member of Oriental Temple, Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, of Troy, N. Y. , and a charter member of the Society of Founders and Patriots of New York State. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Franklin Flint Hathaway was horn at Fall River, iMass. , Alay 2, 1845 ; mar- ried Sarah Imogen Clark of Plattsburgh, N. K, September 28, 1869 : engaged in business i?! Plattsburgh, 1865-70 and 1872-77 : studied la2v, and was admitted to the bar in 1880; itias recorder of Plattsburgh, 188S-96 ; was appointed postmaster of Plattsburgh May 28, 1897 ; has practiced hnv in Plattsburgh since 1880. HrtbUr Jenkins, president and general manager of the Herald Company of Syra- cuse, owes his successful career in the newspaper world and his present prominence therein solely to his own efforts, and to the fortunate circumstance that he made an early choice of a calling for which he proved to be peculiarly well fitted. Born in Buffalo in 1851, he was taken to Milwaukee in childhood. His education, which ended when he was about fourteen years old, was obtained in the Milwaukee public schools, and his first emjjloyment was that of messenger for a firm of commission merchants in the same city. He then worked for a short time in the First National Bank of Mil- waukee, and afterwards in the wholesale drug house of Bosworth & Sons. He was little more than MEX OF XEJl- ]-0RK—/':AS7KR.\ SECTION sixteen, however, when he entered the press room of Starr & Sons, printers, and he has ever since been connected with the printing trade. Soon after, he obtained employment in the composing room of the Milwaukee Dai/v Ni'ics, and there completed his training as a practical printer, gaining at the same time his first insight into newspaper work. For the first three or four years of his life as a printer, Mr. Jenkins managed to see a good deal of the world while following his chosen vocation. He worked in Chicago and in Madison, Wis., through Illinois and the Ohio valley to Pittsburg and the oil regions, and finally reached Syracuse in the spring of 1871. He was not yet twenty years old, but he had gratified his youthful desire for change and nov- elty, and felt ready to "settle down." After sev- eral years spent in Syracuse, during which he acquired thorough familiarity with news- paper management and made many friends, he determined to make a bold venture on his own account. Accord- ingly, in January, 1877, he started the Syracuse Evening Herald. He was en- tirely without capital of his own, but borrowed S265 from those who had faith in his ability. In June of the next year he formed the Herald Company, and assumed his present positions of presi- dent and general manager. It was soon evident that the step, though a bold one, was not rash. In addition to a practical knowledge of printing in all its branches, Mr. Jenkins possessed the sound business judgment and executive ability necessary for the conduct of such an enterprise ; and the business was successful from the start. In the twenty years of its exist- ence the Evening Herald has become one of the leading dailies of Syracuse, and an active force in molding the ]jub- lic opinion of central New York. In May, 1880, the Sunday edition of the Herald was started, and is now as ]5ros- perous as the evening paper. Mr. Jenkins was among the first to recognize the benefits to be derived by newspaper publishers from co-operation. He was a charter member of the National Associated Press, formed about 1878, and one of the directors of the organiza- tion. He was akso instrumental in starting the United Press, became one of its directors, and acted as its business manager for a short time in 188'2. Outside of his chosen profession he has been some- what interested in railroad-signal inventions, and in horse and electric railways. He is a member of the Adirondack League Club, of the Citizens' Club of Syracuse, and of several athletic and sport- ing clubs in the same city : and he belongs to the order of P^lks. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G \ '—Artliur Jenk- ins was born at Buffalo July 23, 1851 ; was edu- cated in Milwaukee ( Wis. ) public schools : learned the printer ' s trade in 186S, and worked at the same in 7(3 by (lerret Lansing from the neighbor- hood of Zwolle, Holland, lived for many years in the southern part of Rensselaer county ; but Mr. Lansing's father, James E, Lansing, moved in early life to the village of Decatur, where our present subject was born. When he was twelve years old James Lansing became a clerk in his father's store, at the same time working on the home farm, and attending select schools during the winter as he had opportunity. He was anxious to secure a thorough education, and soon became ambitious to become a lawyer ; but the lack of sufficient means necessitated manv MEN OF XEir VORK—KASrKRX SECT/OX 73 interruptions and delays in the fulfillment of this pur- pose. For several years he occupied alternately the positions of student and teacher, finally going South in order to pursue this system more advantageously. He was unusually successful as a teacher, acting as a.ssistant in the academy at Byhalia, Miss., and after- ward as principal of a school at Mount Pleasant in the same state. When the war broke out the sec- tional feeling was so strong that Mr. Lansing and his wife, who a,ssisted him in his teaching, were obliged to abandon the work and leave the town. In 1862 Mr. Lansing returned North, and took up his long-deferred project of entering the legal pro- fession. He had already partially prepared himself by private study ; and he began systematic training in the Albany Law School with a mind excellently fitted for the ta.sk. Clraduating thence in May, 1864, he entered the office of Warren & Banker of Troy in order to familiari/.e himselt with the practical conduct of legal busi- ness. Moses Warren, the senior mem- ber of the firm, was at that time surro- gate of Rensselaer county, and he offered Mr. Lansing the position of clerk of the Surrogate's Court, which he occupied for nearly two years. He then formed a partnership with Robert H. McClel- lan, and began the active practice of his profession. This association lasted for fourteen years. Later Mr. Lansing prac- ticed with William P. Cantwell, Jr. ; and upon the death of Mr. Cantwell he formed his present partnership with John B. Holmes, under the style of Lansing & Holmes. Mr. Lansing's practice has been chiefly concerned with court litiga- tion, in which he has gained some nota- ble triumphs. His reputation for legal learning and for painstaking and labori- ous effort in the preparation of his cases is unsurpassed ; and he is an effective speaker before either judge or jury. He is an excellent fighter as well, never willing to acknowledge himself defeated until his cause has been carried to the court of last resort. In 1891, on the occasion of his presentation of an argu- ment in a case then pending in the United States Supreme Court, Mr. Lan- sing was admitted to practice in that court, upon motion of William M. Evarts, at that time United States senator for New York state. In politics Mr. Lansing is a stanch Democrat, and in 1889 he was elected surrogate of Rensselaer county for a term of six years. He was a candidate for re-election in 1895 ; but was defeated, though he ran ahead of his ticket by a large number of votes. He presided over the court with admirable dignity, and with a courtesy and fair-mindedness that won the approval of all men irrespective of party. In 1896 he was the Democratic candidate for county judge. Some results of Mr. Lansing's work as surrogate will long remain as a benefit to the state, and a monument to his industry and learning. He pre- pared and published a large number of opinions in the more important cases that came before him; and these have been well received by the profes- sion, and cited in such prominent legal publications as Bliss's ".Annotated Code of Civil Procedure," and Redfield's " Law and Practice in Surrogates' JAMES LANSiXC, Courts." He also secured the passage in the legislature of 1895 of certain amendments to the civil code that are generally recognized as of decided value. 74 MEN OF NEW )-ORK— EASTERN SECTION In private life Mr. Lansing is deservedly esteemed for his upright character. He is a Presbyterian, and has been for many years president of the board of trustees of the Mt. Ida Memorial Presbyterian Church of Troy. He is also a trustee of the Albany Law School. He was one of the delegates from Rens- TNOAfAS A. MEEGA.y selaer county to assist in organizing the New York State Bar Association in 1876, and for many years was a member of one of its princijjal committees. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— James Lans- ing was born at Decatur, Otsego county, N. Y. , May 0, 183 Jf ; became a clerk in his father'' s store in 18 Iff! ; attended schoot, taught, and 7'ead law, 1850-61^ : mar- ried Sarah A. Richardson of Poult ney, Vt.,JulyIi, 1857 ; graduated from the Albany Law School in 1864 > ond was admitted to the bar ; zcas surrogate of Rensselaer county, 1890-95 ; has practiced law in Troy, N. Y. , since 1866. "JTbomas a. /IDeegan, justice of the city Court of Albanv, was born in that city thirtv-five years ago. He grew up there, received his educa- tion there, and has practiced there ever since his admission to the bar ; and he may therefore be regarded as thoroughly identified with the capital city. He began school attendance at an early age, and finished his general education at the Christian Brothers' Academy when he was seven- teen years old. Mr. Meegan's uncle, Edward J. Mee- gan, was at that time a prominent mem- ber of the Albany-county bar, and had attained distinction as corporation coun- sel of the city during several terms ; and Thomas Meegan determined to follow in his ste|)s in the legal ])rofession, and also to place himself under his able tutelage. He remained in his office, accordingly, for several years, reading Blackstone and Kent and other legal authorities, and making the most of the practical training that a busy lawyer's office supplies ; and in May, 1883, shortly after reaching his twenty-first birthday, he was admitted to the bar at Binghamton, N. Y. From that time on he practiced in All)any with increasing success. LInlike most law- yers, he has not availed himself of part- nership assistance, but has carried on his |iractice alone ; and he is therefore en- titled to the sole credit for the posi- tion he has attained. He has given his whole attetition to his profession, and has not concerned himself with business or other outside enterprises. Mr. Meegan had long taken an intel- ligent and active interest in public af- fairs in his native city ; and in April, 1893, both his legal ability and his services to the Democratic party were recognized by his nomination and election to the position of justice of the City Court. His term of office was three years, but before the expiration of that time both the length of term and the date of election were altered ; and in November, 1895, he was again elected, this time for a term of six years beginning January 1, 1896. Mr. Meegan believes in fraternal organizations, and is an active member of several such bodies. Among these may be mentioned Colonic Council, Catholic Benevolent Legion, Albany ; Albany Coun- cil, Royal Arcanum ; Lodge No. 49, Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, Albany ; Division No. 9, Ancient Order of Hibernians ; and the Catholic L^nion of Albany. He is also judge advocate of the MEN OF XEIV YORK— EASTERN SECTION Albany Jackson Corps, and a member of St. Joseph's Roman Catholic Church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Thomas A. Afeegan was born at Albany February 3, 1862 ; was educated at the C/iristian Brothers' Academy, Albany ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; has been justice of the City Court of Albany sitice 1893 ; has practiced law in Albany since 1883. IfrcDeriCl; OOVC lI^a^^OCft, one of Malone's most successful lawyers, and district attorney of Franklin county, was born in that county less than forty years ago, in the village of Fort Covington. When he was six years old his parents moved to Malone, the county seat, and he has lived there ever since. He attended the public schools of Malone, and graduated from Franklin Academy in 1879. He had prepared himself for college, and entered Cornell, but remained only a year as his health would not permit him to finish the course. Mr. Paddock's father was a lawyer, and the young man grew up in his office, and imbibed his early knowledge of the profession almost unconsciously. In 1881, however, after returning from Cor- nell, he filed his formal certificate as a law student in the office of Cantwell & Paddock, and began to prepare in earnest for the legal profession. The next year he entered Columbia College Law School, from which he graduated in 1884 with the degree of LL.B. In May of the same year he was admitted to the bar at Binghamton, N. Y. , and at once began practice in Malone. After serving as a clerk with the late Judge Hobbs and with Judge Taylor, he formed a partner- ship with Leslie C. Wead in 1886 that lasted four years. At the end of that time Mr. Wead went to Boston, and Mr. Paddock associated himself with M. E. McCleary in the firm of McCleary & Paddock. This partnership was dis- solved in 1895, and since then Mr. Paddock has practiced alone. In 1891-92, when the new ballot law went into effect, Mr. Paddock was chair- man of the Franklin-county Republican committee, and did some very effective work in instructing voters in the use of the new system. In each election district in the county he erected a voting booth and established an election board, holding a meeting at which he answered all questions regarding the working of the system, and allowing those present to go through the form of vot- ing in order to familiarize themselves with the pro- cess. The practical result of this work was seen on election day, when Franklin county cast 95 per cent of its regular vote, while the other counties of the state cast from (iO to 7t> per cent. In the fall of 1892 Mr. Paddock was nominated and elected dis- trict attorney of Franklin county. He discharged his duties as prosecuting officer so efficiently that at the expiration of his term in 1895, he was re-elected for the years 189()-98. He has always been a firm believer in Republican principles, and an earnest worker in behalf of the Republican party ; and has frequently been a delegate to county, state, and con- gressional conventions, a position he is well (jualified to fill. FREDERICK COrE PADDOCK Aside from his professional and public duties, Mr. Paddock has one interest that is somewhat unusual, and that is his fondness for taxidermists' work. He has taken this up as an amusement and recreation. Tt) -IZ/fiV OF XEW YORK—EASTERX SECTIOX and has mounted many native birds and animals with much success. He is an active member of the Malone Congregational Church, and has been the clerk of the society for the last five years. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G V— Frederick Gove Paddock was horn at Fort CoTi'ii^on, N. }'. , DEI.COl-R S. POTTER April ]'j, 1859; was educated at Franklin Acadenn, Malone, JV. V. , and at Cornell University ; graduated from Columbia College La7v School, and was admitted to the bar in ISSJ/. ; married Katherine L. Barnhart of Potsdam, N. Y., April!, 1890 ; has practiced law at Malone since 188 Jf : has been district attorney of Franklin county since January 1, 1893. BelCOUr S. potter, widely known in polit- ical circles in northern New York as an active mem- ber of the Republican party, was born in Saratoga county fifty-odd years ago. After attending the common schools and academy of his native town of Schuylerviile, he completed his education at Fort Edward Institute, and then took up the study of law. In 1860 he was admitted to the bar at Canton, St. Lawrence county, and opened an office in Schuyler- viile as attorney and counselor at law. For almost a quarter of a century Mr. Potter prac- ticed his profession in that village, and established a reputation as an able attorney throughout the county and beyond. In 1879, with Ceneral Charles Hughes, he successfully defended Jesse Billings of Ballston Spa, on trial for his life under a charge of wife murder ; the jury disagreeing on the first trial, but acquitting the prisoner on a second trial. Mr. Potter's masterly conduct of this case did much to en- hance his growing reputation, and to place him in his present high position at the bar of northern New York. In 1?<9() he determined to change his residence to some place from which he could more easily cover his extensive field of profes- sional work ; and he accordingly moved to (Jlens Falls, which has since been his home. In May, 1894, he formed a partnership with Joseph A. Kellogg, un- der the style of Potter & Kellogg, that still exists. The association has been a most fortunate one, and the firm to-day has probably as large an amount of legal liusine.ss as any in that part of the state. Mention has already been made of Mr. Potter's prominence in political life, and his active work in the interest of the Republican party. In 1879 he was elected to the assembly from Saratoga county, and was re-elected in 1^(80 and again in 1881, receiving thus the unusual honor of three successive terms in the state legislature. He took a prominent part in public aflairs, also, in 1893, when his earnest advocacy of the name of Addison B. Colvin for the office of state treasurer was effective in securing that gentleman's nomination. Since Mr. Colvin's election to the office mentioned Mr. Potter has taken but little part in political affairs, preferring to devote himself to the claims of his extensive law practice. He still holds the position of commissioner of the United States Circuit Court, which he has filled for many years. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Delcour S. Potter 7vas born at Schuylerviile, A^. Y, April 19, 18^0 : attended Schuylerviile Academy and Fort Ed7vard Institute : studied law, and was admitted to the bar in ISlSd : married Anna M. AlcNaughton of Schuylerviile March IJ, 1866 : rcas member of .\ri-:\ OF NEW ViV^'k'^ KASTERX SECT/OX assembly in 1S80, 1881, and 1882 ; practiced law in Schuylerville, 1866-90, and has practiced in Glem Falls, N. Y. , since 1890. Hlbert Duaue SbaW has had an unusually varied career, and one that is full of interest. Born in Jefferson county, New York, about fifty-five years ago, of good old revolutionary stock, he was educated in the public schools, and was a student at Belleville Union Academy when the Civil War broke out. Though not yet twenty years old, he at once enlisted in company A, ooth New York volunteers — the first man from the town of Cape Vincent to volunteer for the great struggle. He took part in the battles of Rappahannock Station, Bull Run, Chantilly, South Mountain, Antietam, and Frederick.sburgh, and in a number of smaller engage- ments. After serving his term of two years as a private and noncommissioned officer, and making a fine record as a faithful and gallant soldier, he was ap- pointed a special agent of the war de- partment in the office of the provost marshal at Watertown, N. Y., where he remained until the close of the war en- gaged in the work of raising troops. Released from this duty by the ter- mination of the war, Colonel Shaw betook himself to the St. Lawrence Uni versity to complete his education. In l)S(i() he was elected a member of the state legislature from Jefferson county, and in the session that followed was a warm advocate of a protective tariff. In 1867 he was appointed by Covernor Fenton colonel of the 36th regiment, N. G., S. N. Y., but resigned the posi- tion the ne.xt year, when he began his long term of consular service. After representing the government of the United States at Toronto, Ont., for ten years with conspicuous credit, he was promoted to the more honorable post ol consul at Manchester, England, where he remained until 1886. His conduct of the office was able and efficient, and his reports to the home government were valuable contributions to the com- mercial and industrial discussions of the time. On his return from England Colonel Shaw took up his residence in \Vatertown, the county seat of his native county, which has since been his home. For several years past he has been largelv interested in the development of electric power at Niagara Falls, a project in which he was one of the pioneers. He is the president of the Canadian Niagara Power Co., which secured from the government of Ontario a lease of the water power within the Queen Victoria Niagara Falls Park for a term of a hundred years. Colonel Shaw has also gained considerable fame, both at home and abroad, as a lecturer, his best- known productions being "Personal Reminiscences of Distinguished Men " and " Norway — Its Scenes and People." The former lecture is of special in- terest, the author having known personally, and not simply in his public capacity, such men as John Bright, Dean Stanley, Lord Roseberry, Cardinal Manning, Baron De Lesseps, and Sir John Mc- Donald ; as well as James Russell Lowell, Frederick ALBERT DUAXE SHAW Douglas, Ole Bull, President Hayes, and generals Orant and Sheridan in his own land. Ever since his return to the LInited States in 1886 Colonel Shaw has been a lirominent member of the 78 J/^.V OF XEW VORK—EASTER.\ SECT/OX Grand Army of the Republic ; and has worked loyally and devotedly with both voice and pen in the interests of his comrades, and especially in be- half of liberal pensions for war veterans. In 1895 he was elected a delegate at large to the National Encampment at Louisville, and became a member f EDWIN M. HELLS of the national pension committee of the organiza- tion from New York state. In May, 1897, he was elected department commander of the Grand Army for New York state, receiving the enthusiastic sup- port of the members of the organization in his section of the state. Colonel Shaw is a member of the Baptist church, and his high standing in the community is owing no less to his private character than to his public services. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Albert Diiane Shaw was born in the town of Lyme, Jefferson county, N. v., December 27, 18il : luas educated at Be/k- ville (yN. K ) Union Academy and St. Lawrence Unix)ersity, Canton, N. Y. ; served in the Union army, 1861-65 ; 7vas a member of the N'etv York state assembly in 1867 ; married Mary Sherwood Keith of Chicago October 12, 1872; ivas United States consul at Toronto, Ont., 1868-78, and at Manchester, Eng. , 1878-86 : has been engaged in the developmc?it of Niagara water power since 1800 ; was elected department commander of the G. A. R. for New York state in 1897. E&\Vin Clb. XimellS is a distin- guished attorney and counselor at law of Syracuse, a city whose bar has long been renowned throughout the Empire State for its ability and high character. In the dozen years in which he has prac- ticed his profession in central New York, Mr. Wells has drawn to himself an ever increasing clientage, and has won success beyond the fortune of most practitioners. He is a man of classical training, and was prepared at the union school in Dryden, N. Y., to enter Syracuse Uni- versity, from which he graduated with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. Three years after his graduation his alma mater conferred upon him the honorary title of Master of Arts. Mr. Wells pursued his legal studies in the office of Clarence V. Kellogg of Syracuse, and after two years of careful reading and attention to office work he successfully passed an examination for admission to the bar at a general term of the Supreme Court held at Utica in September, 1884. His old preceptor in legal studies showed his confidence in the young man by at once admitting him to partnership. The law to-day has be- come a specialized science, and young lawyers appreciate the advantage of asso- ciation with older members of the profession. The office of attorney and that of counselor are in these modern days resuming their early significance ; and we now find in America, as in England, lawyers of high repute who seldom or never appear in court, but confine their work to their own chambers. Mr. Wells recognized the tendency of the times in the direction of specialization, and during the greater part of his jirofessional career he has been a member of a legal firm. In 1887 J- E. Smith associated himself with the firm, and the style became Smith, Kellogg & Wells. Upon the retirement of Mr. Smith in 1891, Edgar N. Wilson took his place. Two years later Mr. Kellogg retired, and the firm of Wilson & Wells continued the business until 1895. AfEA OF XEW VORK'—EASTERX SECT/OX 711 In that year D. R. Cobb was admitted to the firm, and the style of Wilson, Wells & Cobb was adopted. On January 1, 1897, Mr. Wells withdrew from the firm and has since practiced alone. In the branch of his profe.ssion known as commercial law he is especially noted for sound judgment and discretion. He is connected with the Empire State Mining Co., in which he holds the office of vice president. Notwithstanding the cares of a busy professional life Mr. Wells has found time to participate in ])oli- tics. He was one of the supervisors of Syracuse in the years 1882-84, and held the same office for the four years ending in 1895. In the fall of that year he was elected to the a.ssembly on the Republican ticket by a substantial plurality, and was assigned to the committee on codes and to that on affairs of cities. He introduced the following bills in the session of 1896 : one relating to public baths in Syracuse ; one permitting the city to issue bonds for school sites ; one regarding ta.xable sales of real jiropertv in Onondaga county ; one providing for the construction of a hoist bridge at Salina street, Syracuse ; and one for the improvement of the Oneida-creek chan- nel. In November, l!S9(i, he was re- elected to the assembly, obtaining his seat this time by an increased plurality. In the session of 1897 he retained his membership in the committee on cities, and was also a member of the important committee on ways and means. Mr. Wells is a man of quiet habits and unobtrusive manners. In college he was a member of the Delta Kappa Epsi- lon society, and he is now a member of the order of Elks. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Edwin Mamn Wells was born at South New Berlin, Chenango county, N. Y., August 2, 1837 : graduated from Sxracuse University in 1882 ; studied la7v, and was admitted to the bar at Utica in September, 1884,' married Nellie S. Morgan of Syra- cuse January 23, 1893 ; was supervisor of Syracuse, 1882-84 and 1893-05 ,■ was member of assembly, 1896-97 ; has prac- ticed law in Syracuse since 1884- town, and continued in the grammar schools of Watertown, whither his father moved when the boy was about eleven years old. He gave up regular school attendance at the age of fourteen, but after- ward took a course in a Watertown business college. His practical business training began early in life, since he was employed in folding, carrying, and sell- ing newspapers soon after going to Watertown. A few years later he kept a news stand in the Water- town railroad station, and at the age of seventeen he operated a line of news agents on the Lake Shore division of the Rome, Watertown & Ogdensburg railroad between Oswego and Niagara Falls. Mr. Wise had thus had some valuable experience in the actual conduct of busine.ss affairs when he went into business with his father, Joseph Wise, soon after his eighteenth birthday. Confining them- 3. 36. liHtSe, mayor of Watertown, N. Y., and prominently identified with the manu- facturing interests of the city, was born in Branford, Conn., less than forty years ago. His education was begun in the common schools of his native /. /.'. WISE selves at first to the manufacture of locks, hinges, and other fittings for sewing machines, they after- ward included in their output a large line of light hardware made from sheet metal. The father died so MKN OF \E]]- \1RK KASTKRX SKCT/O.X in October, 1886 ; and Mr. Wise succeeded to the business, which he has since conducted with increas- ing success, until it has become one of the large manufacturing concerns of Watertown. The man who can manage profitably a large busi- ness of his own, is sure to be called upon to assist in the management of other commercial enterprises, and Mr. Wise's business career is no exception to this rule. At the present time he is president of the Singer Fire Alarm Co., and of the \\aterto\vn Brass & Manufacturing Co. ; secretary and treasurer of the Ryther Manufacturing Co. ; and a director in the Union Carriage & Cicar Co., of which he was for three years vice president. This latter corpora- tion is one of the strongest in Watertown. In political affairs Mr. Wise is a strong adherent of the Republican party. His first public office was that oi alderman from the 'lA ward, Watertown, which he held in 1889 and 1.S90. In the fall of the latter year he was the Republican candidate for mayor, but was defeated. His party, however, had laith in his real strength as a candidate, and placed him at the liead of the city ticket again in 1891, when he was once more defeated. In 1892 the nomination was offered to him, but he declined to accept it. In 1894, however, he yielded to the solicitation of his friends, and allowed his name to be used once more ; and this time he carried the Republican banner to victory against three competi- tors. His re-election in 1895 and again in 1896 — the last time by the largest majority ever given to a candidate for mayor in Watertown — is a proof that he has displayed in municipal affairs the same good judgment and ability that have brought him success in his private business undertakings. The voters of our cities are coming more and more to realize that a city can best be governed by business methods, like any other corporation ; and that the great pub- lic questions which play an important part in national politics have little or no essential connection with municipal affairs. With his many business interests and exacting public duties, Mr. Wise has scant time for outside matters of a purely social nature. He is, however, an Odd Fellow and a Mason, belonging to the Knights Templar and to the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine. He attends the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Javies B. Wise was Iwni at Branford, Conn., December 27, 1858 : tvas educated in common schools and a business college : rvas a news agent, 1872-77 ; engaged in tlic manufacture of hardware 7tiith ids father, at Water- town, N. Y. , in 1877 : married Hattie C. Willard of Watertown September 8, 1881 ; 7oas an alderman of lVaterto7iin, 1889-90, and has been mayor of the city since January 1, 1895 ; is now engaged in various manufacturing enterprises in Watertown. 50bn T&. 5U5S0U of Oloversville is one of the most energetic, progressive, and public-spirited citizens of that thriving little city. Though barely thirty-six years old, he has achieved prominence in political circles throughout the state by reason of his service in the Democratic ])arty, of which he is an enthusiastic supporter. Mr. Judson was born at Kingsborough, which is now in the city of Gloversville. He attended the common schools and Kingsl)orough Academy, and completed his education at the seminary at Williston, Ma.ss. At the early age of sixteen he became pro- prietor of a job-printing office in Gloversville, which he has conducted ever since. He acquired at the start a thorough practical knowledge of the business in all its different branches ; and in the twenty years since it was opened the office has become one of the best in the state. Fine color printing and embossing are among Mr. Judson's specialties ; and this work is largely in demand among the glove makers of (iloversville and elsewhere, and constitutes one of the principal products of the establishment. The growth and prosperity of Gloversville are matters very near to Mr. Judson's heart, and he has had a part in most of the recent projects for develo])- ing the resources of the city. He has interested himself largely in real estate ; and has been instru- mental in opening up and placing on the market a considerable tract of land on the high ground in the eastern part of the city, which seems destined to become one of the most popular residence districts of Gloversville. His connection with this enterprise is evidenced in the name of the locality — Judson Heights. Mr. Judson is also a director of the Cay- adutta electric railroad, and of the Gloversville and Broadalbin railroad, and a member of the Glovers- ville Business Men's Association. For so young a man, Mr. Judson has had an inter- esting political career. This began in 1888, when he was elected a delegate to the Democratic state con- vention. He was also a delegate in 1892 to the Feb- ruary convention held at Albany. From 1890 to 1894 he was the secretary of the Fulton-county com- mittee, and he is now the chairman of that commit- tee. He was chosen a member of the Democratic state committee in 1893 from the 22d congressional district, comprising the counties of Fulton, Hamilton, Saratoga, and St. Lawrence, and was made a member of the executive committee. In 1894 he was again elected to the state committee, and was unanimously MEN OF XEir VORK— EASTERN SECTION 81 chosen its secretary. This honor was a recognition of his sound judgment and devotion to his party ; and his uniform courtesy and superior executive ability gave such general satisfaction that in 1896 he was again unanimously chosen to fill the same position. Early in 1895 Mr. Judson's name was promi- nently put forth by the Democrats of northern New York for the responsible post of state comptroller ; and at the convention held in Syracuse in Septem- ber of that year he was nominated on the first ballot by a vote of 312 to 98, which was afterward made unanimous. In the election that followed he received the enthusiastic support of his party throughout his section of the state, and ran considerably ahead of his ticket there. Mr. Judson possesses decided talent for political life, and is well quali ■ fied to serve his party and the ]jublic generally in important positions : and it may safely be predicted that his career in this direction is only well begun. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — John Brown Judson 7uas horn at Kings- borough {now Gloversville), N. V., Au- gust 20, 1861 ; 7uas educateii at Ki)igs- Iwrough Academy and Williston ( Mass. ) Seminary ; married Isabelle Stewart of Johnstown, N. Y. , September ID, 1882 : was secretary of the Fulton-county Demo- cratic conunittee, 1890-9^, and chairman of the same committee, 189Jf-9~ ; was sec- retaiy of the Detnocratic slate committee in 189^, 189G, and 1897 ; was a candi- date for the office of state comptroller in 1895 ; has carried on a Job-printing office at Gloversville since 1877. JerClUiab IkCCK, for the past fourteen years county judge of Fulton county, is descended from a family that has been honorably prominent in Johns- town, N. Y., from very early times. His paternal an- cestors settled there in the time of the renowned Sir William Johnson ; and his great-grandfather, George Keck, fought in the war of the Revolution. Judge Keck was born about fifty years ago at Keek's Center, in the old town of Johnstown. His father was Isaac Keck, a farmer ; and his mother, Eliza Ann Burns, was of Scotch descent, and died in 1857. Isaac Keck was an.xious to give his .sons the best education that his means afforded : and Jeremiah, after studying at the neighboring district school, attended Clinton Liberal Institute and Whitestown Seminarv. Judge Keck was only sixteen when the Civil War broke out ; but he immediately left school, and enlisted in company C, 77th New York volunteer infantry. He served with his regiment at York- town, Fair Oakes, (jaines's Mill, Malvern Hill, and throughout the Peninsular campaign ; and was JOHX B. jrosox honorably discharged by reason of disabilities con- tracted in the service. Returning North with impaired health and little money, Judge Keck had some ditficulty in carrying out his determination to become a lawyer. All obstacles were happily overcome at length, however ; and in April, 1868, he became a student in the office of Wells & Dudley of Johnstown. He was admitted to the bar at Schenectady April 7, 1869, and at once commenced practice, forming a partnership with the gentlemen mentioned, under the style of Wells, Dudley & Keck. This connection lasted until Janu- ary 1, 1877, when Judge Keck formed a partnership with Philip Keck, a younger brother, under the firm name of J. & P. Keck, that continued for six years. 82 ME\ OF XEW YORK—EASTERX SECTION Judge Keck became well and favorably known in his profession in the early days of his practice ; and in the fall of 1>^74, five years after his admission to the bar, he was nominated and elected district attor- ney of Fulton county. He was re-elected in 1877, thus holding the position for six years. In lrS8() he JEREMIAH KECK returned for a short time to private life ; hut he had made many friends during his service as prosecuting officer, and had displayed marked ability in conduct- ing public affairs, and the people of the county soon placed him in a more important position. In 1883 they elected him county judge and surrogate, and he has filled the position ever since, having been re-elected in 1889 and again in 1895. This long service on the bench is a proof of Judge Keek's popularity among all classes in his native coimty, and a tribute to his professional ability and general high standing. He has indeed administered the affairs of his jurisdiction with great fairness and impartiality, and has proved himself thoroughly <|ualified in all respects for the position he holds. Judge Keck has succeeded, through natural ability, persistent industry, and strict integrity, in attaining at a comparatively early age a position of trust and honor in the community ; and his kindly and court- eous disposition has gained for him a host of friends. He has lieen for many years a member of the State Bar Association, and for the past five years has been one of its executive com- mittee. He is a Mason, belonging to St. Patrick's Lodge, No. 4, F. & A. M.; Johnstown Chapter, No. 78, R. A. M.; and (lloversville Commandery, K. T. For the past tweh-e years he has been commander of Martin McMartin Post, No. 256, Grand Army of the Reijublic. He attends the United Presbyterian Church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Jeremiah Keek icas Iwni in the town of Johnstown, N. K, November 0, IS^-') ; 7vas educated at Clinton Liberal Institute and Whitestoivn Seminary ; senL'.\J.,U' U EXDELL a farmer and stone contractor, 1867-81 ; ioas super- visor from the toion of Palatine in 1880, town clerk, 1869-79, and sheriff of Montgomery county, 1886-89 : was proprietor of the Snell House at Fonda, N. Y. , 1881-91 ; has been superintendent if the Molunok division of the Erie canal since 1895. 30bn Dunlap Men&ell is a native of Mont- gomery county, New York, and ha.s always lived there. His parents were Benjamin and Sarah (Fox) Wendell, and he was the third son in a family of ten children. Up to the time he was sixteen years old his father carried on his trade of a shoemaker in the little village of Sprout Brook. During a part of this time he was also the village postmaster, and Judge Wendell used to carry the mail after school to and from the little settlement of Buel, about two miles away. In 1856 the family moved to a farm between Sprout Brook and Fort Plain, and from that time until he was twenty-one years old Judge Wen- dell worked on the farm for a great part of the time. His winters, however, were still devoted to his books, at first as a pupil, and after- ward as teacher of a school in the neigh- boring village of Mapletown. As soon as he became of age Judge Wendell entered the Albany Law School, where he made so rapid progress that he was able to graduate in less than a year. -Admitted to the bar in 1862, he began practice at once in Fort Plain, which has ever since been the scene of his profes- sional labors. Becoming associated at the beginning of his legal career with Judge Yost, he remained in his office for a number of years, and became well and favorably known at the Montgomery- county bar. In 1874, however, he formed a partnership with his brother, Fred Fox Wendell. Ten years later, when F. F. Wendell retired to accept the superintendency of the tax depart- ment of the West Shore railroad, where he has continued up to the present time, Edwin S. Van Deusen was admitted to the firm. Judge Wendell and Mr. Van Deusen continued to practice together until 1888, when the former was elected county judge and surrogate of Montgom- ery county. Judge Wendell has done a large amount of legal work for the West Shore railroad for many years. \\'hile the road was being built his firm was employed to secure the right of way through Montgomery, Herkimer, and Schenectady counties ; and had charge of searching the titles, drafting deeds, and trying the cases incident to the undertaking. In 1883 he became attorney for the corporation, and has retained the office ever since. During the thirty- odd years of his practice at the bar he has conducted a large amount of business, and has had a part in •some of the most important trials that have taken place in the Mohawk valley. A man of Judge Wendell's standing in the com- munity could not fail to be called upon to fill posi- tions of importance, and to take a part in public affairs. He is a stanch Republican ; and has served as chairman of the countv committee, and otherwise ME\ OF XEIV YORK-— EASTERN SEC/VOX rendered efficient aid in the councils of his party. In 1871 he was elected by a large majority district attorney of Montgomery county, and served for three years. In 1888 he was elected to the office of county judge and surrogate, and is still holding the position, having been re-elected in 1894. His decisions are characterized by accurate knowledge of the law, and sound and discriminating judgment ; and though many of them have been carried to a higher court, they have been almost universally sustained. Judge Wendell is one of the most prominent citi- zens of Fort Plain, and takes an active part in all matters of interest there. For over thirty years he has been a member of the Methodist church. He was one of the incorporators of the Farmers' and Mechanics' Bank, and has been a member of its board of directors from the beginning ; and he is the president of the Fort Plain Social and Literary Club. He belongs, also, to the Holland Society of New York, and has been for several years a vice president of the New York State Bar Association. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — fohn Diinlap Wendell luas born at Sprout Brook, N. V. , September 13, IS^O : mis educated in common schools ; graduated from the Albany Law School in 1862 ; married Luemma King of Fort Plain, N. Y. , June I't, 1802 ; was district attorney of Montgomery county, 1872-7 Jf ; has been county Judge of Mo?ttgomery county since January 1, 1889; has prac- ticed law at Fort Plain since 1862. Bra&leg Minslow, weii known at the bar and in public life in Jefferson county and throughout northern New York, was born in Watertown si.\ty-odd years ago, and has always lived there. His education, begun in the district school of his native place, was continued at the Oneida Conference Seminary, at Falley Seminary, and at Wyoming Sem- inary, Kingston, Penn. ; and at the age of twenty-two he began reading law in the office of James F. Starbuck. He afterward spent several months at Pro- fessor Fowler's Law School at Pough- keepsie, N. Y., and in July, 1855, was admitted to the bar at a general term of the Supreme Court in the 5th judicial district. General Winslow began his long career at the bar on January 1, 1856, associating himself for that purpose with Lafayette J. Bigelow in the firm of Wins- low & Bigelow. He quickly became known as a lawyer of ability and promise, and in 1860 was made district attorney of Jefferson county. This office he resigned in the spring of 1861, and devoted the next four years to the service of his country ; but on his return to Watertown in 1865 he was elected once more, and served for the next three years. In 1866 he became a member of the firm of Hammond, Winslow & Williams, consisting of the late Senator H. S. Hammond and Pardon C. Williams, now jus- tice of the Supreme Court. General Winslow has continued ever since to practice his profession in Watertown, and has had an important part in the legal contests of that section of the state. At present he conducts his busine.ss without partnership assistance. BRADLEY \VI.\SLO\Y Never unmindful of his duties as a citizen, whether in times of war or of peace, General Winslow has devoted considerable time to the public service. In 187-1 he was elected mayor of Watertown. He had 104 MEN OF NF.]V YORK ^EASTERN SECT/OX previously been twice elected as district attorney ; and in the fall of 1880 he was elected state senator from the 21st district, consisting of the counties of Jefferson and Oswego. General Winslow's military career, of which men- tion has already been made, was alike honorable to himself and useful to his country. Enlisting in May, 1861, he was elected first lieutenant of company A, o5th New York volunteers, on its organization ; became captain of his company in July ; and was made lieutenant colonel of the regiment in August. In September, 18fi4, he was appointed and commis- sioned colonel of the 18(ith regiment. New York vol- unteers, and joined the .\rmy of the Potomac. He was assigned to the 2d brigade, 2d division, !)th army corps ; and in the assault upon the rebel for- tilications before Petersburg, April 2, 1865, was severely wounded. " l'"or gallant and meritorious conduct" during this assault, he received from President Andrew Johnson a brevet commission as brigadier general, and the appointment was con- firmed by the United States senate. After the close of the war General Winslow still retained his interest in military affairs; and in 1868 he was appointed brigadier general in the National Guard of the State of New York, and assigned to the command of the Ifith brigade, holding the position for several years. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Bradley Winslow was born at Watertown, N. Y., August 1, 1831 ; was educated in district schools and private seminaries ; studied la7V, and rcas admitted to the Imr in 1855 ; married Geraldine M. Cooper of Adams, N. Y. , November 15, 1855 ; luas district attorney of Jefferson county, 1860-61 and 1866-68, mayor of \Vatert07vn in 1874., c"d state senator, 1881-82 ; has practiced law at Watertoivn since 1856, with the exception of four years spent in the Union army. CHEMUNG SECTION In the Chemung Section are pub- lished the biographies of subjects from the counties of Broome, Chemung, Che- nango, Steuben, and Tompkins. MEN OF THE CHEMUNG SECTION (Beorge C JBa^leSS, one or the most promi- nent citizens of P.ingliamton, N. Y., is descended from old English stock. His mother's family, the Corbetts, came from England in the early part of the seventeenth century, and settled near Braintree or Quincy, Mass. ; and his grandmother, Chloe Smith, was a cousin of John Quincy Adams. Oji his father's side the family record concerns some matters of considerable general interest relating to the early history of the country. The founder of the line was one of the first settlers of Connecti- cut, having come to America from Holland, whither he had fled to escape religious persecution in Eng- land. The family soon moved to Long Island ; and in October, l(i64. Governor Nichols granted a peti- tion signed by John Bayless of Jamaica, L. I., and three others, asking permission to purchase from the Indians a large tract of land in New Jersey. The purchase was made soon after, and was confirmed by the governor December 1, 1064. The original deed from the Indians is now in the office of the secretary of state at Trenton, N. J., and conveys to John Bayless, Daniel Denton, Luke Watson, and asso- ciates, the land now occupied by Newark, Elizabeth, Paterson, Passaic, and other cities of lesser note — about 200,000 acres in all. In exchange for this land, now of such enormous value, the settlers made payment as follows: "twenty fathoms of Trayden cloth, two made cotes, two gunnes, two kettles, ten barrs of lead, twenty handfuUs of powder, and four hundred fathoms of white wampom." This land was afterward sold to Philip Carteret, governor of New Jersey. Born in the village of Corbettsville, Broome county, thirty-five years ago, Mr. Bayless was taken to Binghamton by his parents in early childhood, and has ever since resided there. He was educated in the Binghamton public schools, and afterward took a two years' course at Phillips Academy, Andover, Ma.ss., from which he graduated in 1881 at the age of nineteen. After spending a year as clerk in the City National Bank, he entered upon his career as a manufacturer. Establishing the firm of Bayless & Co., he began making ground and chemical wood pulp ; and five years later the present style of the Bayless Pulp & Paper Co. was adopted, the plant enlarged, and the business extended to include the manufacture of paper as well as pulp. The prosperity of the concern received a check in January, 1893, when the mill was destroyed by fire ; but, though the loss was a serious one, Mr. Bayless immediately set about re- establishing the enterprise on a firmer basis. Larger mills were erected, and on March 16 the business was incorporated with a jjaidup capital of S75,O00. Mr. Bayless has held the offices of president and general manager from the beginning, and under his able and progressive management the business has prospered constantly. Various additions to the original plant from time to time have increased the output from 10,000 to about 40,000 pounds of fin- ished paper per day. Mr. Bayless has always been an earnest Republi- can. In 1885 he was elected alderman from his ward ; and two years later, when less than t«-ent}-- five years old, he became mayor of the city. Although the responsibility was a heavy one for so young a man, he proved himself e(iual to the occasion, and discharged the duties of the office throughout his term to the satisfaction of his constituents. During this time the appropriation for the new public build- ing for the city was made, a matter of unusual inter- est owing to the difference of opinion as to the most suitable location for the structure. Another \aluable MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION improvement was the building of a new bridge at Washington street, at a cost of So7,000, to replace the old covered wooden bridge that had become unfit for further use. Mr. Bayless also secured for the city the state canal lands at the intersection of Chenango, State, and Pearne streets, on which was ',EORC,E (.. BAYLESS erected the building of the Protection Hose Co., thus greatly improving the locality, and affording a needed increase in the fire facilities of the city. At the close of his term of office Mr. Bayless declined a renomination, and he has not taken an active part in public affairs since. In 1S94, however, he accepted an appointment from Mayor (Ireen as chairman of the excise board of the city, and held the position until the Raines law went into effect. Mr. Bayless is generally and deservedly popular in Binghamton in both public and private life. He is a charter trustee of the Barlow School of Indus- trial Arts, an institution founded by .^Uen Barlow, one of Binghamton's wealthy and public-spirited citizens, for the manual training of bovs and girls. Mr. Bayless is a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Binghamton, and of the leading clubs of the city. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— George Cor- hett Bayless was bom at Corbctts'nllc, N. K, April 27, 1S62 ; was educated in Binghamton (N. Y.^ pub- lic schools and at Phillips Academy, An- dover, Mass.; was a bank clerk in Bing- hamton, 1881-S2 ; began business as a manufacturer of wood pulp in Binghamton in 1882 ; married Georgie L. Healey of Brooklyn April 27, 1886 ; was an alder- man of Binghamton, 1885-86, and mayor of the city, 1887-88 ; has been president of the Bayless Pulp &' Paper Co. , Bing- hamton, since 189S. Iberman 36ergbolt3 was born in Vernamo, Sweden, thirty-three years ago. His father, Johan Ferdinand Berg- holtz, who died in January, 1897, at seventy-nine years of age, was a promi- nent inventor and capitalist, conspicuous in the industrial affairs of Sweden for half a century. He created, and until his retirement from active affairs con- trolled, the match industry, and other enormous enterprises of his country. His father, the grandfather of the subject of this sketch, was surgeon-general of the Swedish army and court physician to King Charles XIV. In origin, the Berg- holtz family is of the Saxon nobility, their patents being of great antiquity and distinction. A signet ring given to his intimate personal friend and medical ad- viser by Bernadotte the King, is now worn by his grandson here. Mr. Bergholtz received an excellent education in the schools of his native land ; attend- ing first the elementary school at lonkoping, and afterwards a higher school in the city of Lund. He then took a course at Lund University, an ancient institution of learning that has maintained its pres- tige in modern times, and still numbers a thousand students. His education completed, Mr. Bergholtz came to the new world prepared to follow the calling of an electrician. He soon became connected with the Edison Company in New York city, with whom he remained for about three years as draughtsman and electrical engineer. He devoted himself to this profession for about ten years in all, being associated in turn with the Mather, the Schuyler, and the MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 'rhomson-Houston electric companies ; and acting as general manager and consulting engineer of the Wightman Electrical Manufacturing Co. at Scranton, Penn., for two years. During this decade he acquired a prestige in his profession that gave to his opinion and testimony as an expert high value and influence among capitalists and inventors. He is retained as the consulting engineer of several vast corporations and enterprises having electricity as their basis of operations. In 1893 Mr. Bergholtz took up his residence in Ithaca, becoming secretary, treasurer, and general manager of the Ithaca Street Railway Co., the Brush-Swan Electric Light Co., the Ithaca Transfer Co., and the Lake View Cemetery Co. He is also vice president of the Electric Train Bulletin Co., the Cortland & Homer Traction Co., and the Cortland &: Homer Electric Light Co. ; president of the Cortland Land Co. ; and a di- , rector in numerous other companies. He is equally interested with Edward Ci. Wyckoff, of Remington -typewriter fame, in the ownership of the " Renwick tract," an immense holding of valuable land in the city of Ithaca, comprising more than 600 acres, on which a vast lake-shore park has been laid out, and a new and model cemetery established ; and upon which stei)S are now being taken for redeeming a considerable amount of low land, and opening of villa sites, com- manding a view of Cayuga lake, and Cornell University campus upon the hill- sides. He has further joined the Messrs. Wvckoft' in the acquirement of a large and sightly plateau of some eighty acres, immediately north of the Cornell cam- pus, which it is proposed to embellish with beautiful houses for professors, and for the wealthy, retired class of metro- politans who seek the educational advan- tages of Ithaca for their families. In the short time that he has made his home in Ithaca, Mr. Bergholtz has be- come widely known, and has identified himself thoroughly and actively with the interests of the city. He belongs to the City Club and the Town and (lown Club of Ithaca ; and to the Art Club of Phila- delphia. He is also a Mason and a member of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. PERSONA L CHR ONOL OGY— Herman Bergholtz loas bor)i at Veniaino, Sweden, June 19, L 1864 ; was edueated in Swedish schools, and Lund University, Sweden ; eame to the United States in 188S ; worked for different electrical companies, 1883-9S ; tnarried Ada Una O. Thomson of Philadel- phia October 13, 1890 ,• has made his home in Ithaca, N. v., since 189S, engaged in a variety of business enterprises. •••^ Kelvin C/b. GOnklin, postmaster of Elmira, N. Y., is a native of Cayuga county, having been born there in the town of Owasco somewhat more than fifty years ago. He moved to the western end of the state in childhood, and his early education was received in the district schools of Niagara and Orleans counties and the academy at Millville, Orleans county ; but at the age of seventeen he left school, enlisting in company A, 151st New York MEL]-/.\ Af. COXKIJX volunteers, August 13, 1862. He remained in the army nearly three years, and was mustered out June 25, 1865. During about half that time he was on duty at the rebel prison camp at Elmira. AJEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION After the war Mr. Conklin occupied himself in various ways for several years, and in 1878 he estab- lished in Elmira the grocery and bakery that he has since conducted. He has always carried on the business alone, depending on his own ability to ensure success ; and the result has justified his course DAM EL B. LL'SJIMAX in this jjarticular. For a time he did a retail busi- ness only ; but as he became more firmly estab- lished, he branched out into the wholesale trade, and he now does a large business of both kinds. Mr. Conklin is an enthusiastic Republican, and has worked hard for the welfare of his party in a county where the Democrats as a rule have an easy victory. He has received the nomination for mayor of Elmira, and for treasurer of Chemung county ; but on both occasions he was defeated. In May, 11S!)7, his loyal party services were recognized by his appointment to his present position as ])Ostmaster of Elmira. Mr. Conklin belongs to the Century Club of Klmira. to the Improved ( )rder of Red Men, and to Union Lodge, No. 93, F. & A. M. He is a trustee of the Masonic Temple, and vice president of the Southern Tier Masonic Relief Association. He is a member of the Park Church, Elmira, of which the Rev. Thomas K. Beecher, only less noted than his brother, the great Brooklyn preacher, has been the pastor for many years. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — Mclviii Mott Conklin was born ai Oivas- co, N. Y., October 15, ISIfJi. ; was edu- cated in common schools; served in the Union army, 1862-65; married Nettie /. Hutchins of Elmira, N. Y., February 21)^, 18G9 ; toas appointed postmaster of Elmira in May, 1897 ; has conducted a wholesale and retail grocery store and bakery in Elmira siiice 1878. 2>auiel JS. Cusbman, one of the leading lawyers of Chenango county, is a direct descendant of Robert Cushman of Kent, England, who had an important part in the affairs of the Plymouth Pil- grims. In company with Deacon Car- ver, ilobert Cushman carried on the early negotiations with the Virginia Company ; and finally obtained the patent from the King under which the Plymouth colony was established, collected subscriptions, chartered the "Mayflower," and con- ducted the prejjarations for the voyage. He subsequently returned to England to look after the interests of the colonists, and died there in 1625 ; but his son I'homas remained on this side of the water, and was the confidential friend of (lovernor Bradford, and ruling elder of the church after the death of Elder Brewster in 1649. Mr. Cushman's father, Danford R. Cushman, and his mother, Ruth Potter, were natives of Stafford Springs, Conn., and emigrated to Chenango county, where Daniel was born shortly after the middle of the century. His brother, Cleorge P. Cushman, who died in 1894, was well known throughout the state, having occu- pied the position of Master of the State (jrange for several years, and lectured extensively in that capacity. Mr. Cushman's general and professional training were unusually thorough, and were obtained in the very best educational institutions in the country. Beginning as a boy in the district schools of Che- nango county, he prepared for college at Norwich Academy, and entered Yale College in 187'2. He ME\ OF NEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION graduated thence in due time with the degree of B. A., and afterward spent two years at Columbia College Law School. In 1878 he received from this institution the degree of LL. B., and was admit- ted to jiractice in the courts of New York state. In 1880 he opened an office in Norwich, N. Y., and has practiced there continuously since. He has never formed a partnership connection, but has conducted alone an important practice throughout his part of the state. Though he has devoted himself closely to his pro- fession, Mr. Cushman has been prominent in public affairs in Chenango county for many years. He was a member of the board of supervisors from the town of Plymouth for seven years ; and served for three years, by appointment from (iovernor Flower, as a trustee of the State Insane Asylum at Binghamton. He is at present a member of the board of education of Norwich. In 1882 he p — was the Democratic candidate for district attorney of the county ; and though the j normal Republican majority is 1500, he was defeated by only fifty-six votes. In view of his strong candidacy at this time, it is but natural that his party should have wished to make further use of his name. As a matter of fact, he has fre- quently been urged to accept nomina- tions for member of assembly and for county judge ; but he has preferred to keep aloof from active politics in order to have more time for profe.ssional work. Mr. Cushman is a Mason, a member of the Psi Upsilon college fraternity, and attends the Methodist church. He is largely interested in real estate, holding extensive tracts of farming laud in Che- nango county. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Daniel Burr Cushman was boj-n at L-'/v- moutJi, N. Y. , December 18, 1S53 ; grad- uated from Yale College in 1876, and from Columbia College Law School in 1878 ,• icas a member of the Chenango-couiitv board of supervisors, 1882-89 ; married Sadie Van Cleft of Oneonta, N. Y., De- cember S, 18.91 ; has practiced law at Nonoich, N. Y., since 1880. Usrael XT. Steve, promiuont at the Broome-county I'ar, aud well known throughout the state from his long service in the legislature, is descended from one of the old Huguenot families that settled in Ulster county. New York, in early times. His parents, Richard and Caroline (Acker) Deyo, emigrated from Columbia county in 1850, and settled on a farm in Broome county ; and there Israel Deyo was born forty-odd years ago. After attending the district schools in childhood Mr. Deyo entered the Binghamton High School, and graduated in 1875 as valedictorian of his class. In the fall of the same year he entered Amherst Col- lege, completing the course four years later, and receiving the degree of B. A. He then followed the plan adopted by so many ambitious young men, and devoted the next three years to work as a teacher. For a time he acted as principal of the Whitney's Point Academy, and he subsequently occupied a chair in the State Normal and Training School at Cortland, N. Y. He applied his spare time during these years to reading law ; and when, in the s]jring ISRAEL r. DliVO of 1882, he gave up teaching, and entered the office of David H. Carver of Binghamton as a law student, he was able to prepare himself in a short time for the bar examinations. These were successfully passed MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION at Albany in January, 1883, and he was duly ad- mitted to practice. Ever since he began professional life Mr. Deyo has been associated with Mr. Carver, with whom he completed his legal studies. The firm of Carver & Deyo lasted until January 1, 1888, when F. W. Jenkins was taken into partnership, and the present firm of Carver, Deyo & Jenkins was established. Although Mr. Deyo is most widely known as a legis- lator, and an active worker in the ranks of the Republican party, he occupies a leading position in professional circles in Broome county and the South- ern Tier. He enjoys an extensive practice through- out that territory, and his services are largely in demand in the conduct of legal affairs. His firm are the attorneys for the Security Mutual Life Insur- ance Association of Binghamton, the Chenango Valley Savings Bank, the People's Bank, the Strong State Bank, and other corporations. Mr. Deyo began his distinguished career in the state assembly in the session of 1890, having been elected thereto by a majority of about a thousand votes. He at once took a prominent part in the work of that body, and his re-election for a second term by a largely increased majority followed almost as a matter of course. It has become a widely accepted rule of political management that two years' continuous service in the assembly is all to which one man is entitled ; but, like all rules, it has its exceptions, and Mr. Deyo's service of four years is the most striking exception that has ever occurred in ISroome county. His constituents recognized in him not only a faithful and conscientious representa- tive, but an able and gifted legislator ; and they were proud to have him represent his district at .■\lbany. He had membership in some of the most important committees in the assembly, including the judiciary committee, the committee on codes, and the ways and means committee. In March, 1892, he secured the passage of a tax bill that was highly complimented by Governor Flower as likely to remedy an evil that many legislators had tried in vain to correct. In April, 1894, Mr. Deyo was appointed by (lov- ernor Flower a member of the commission to investi- gate charges against the management of the state reformatory at Elmira, the other members of the commission being Judge William L. Learned of .'\lbany and Dr. Austin Flint of New York. He had an important part in the work of this commis- sion ; and its report, submitted to the governor in December, 1894, was in the main drafted by him, and forms an important contribution to current literature regarding the treatment of criminals. In 1892 Superintendent Draper of the state department of public instruction appointed him a member of the local board of the Cortland Normal School, and he still holds this position. F"or upwards of ten years Mr. Deyo has taken part in every state and national campaign, and his efforts as a public speaker have contributed materially to his own po|)ularity and to the success of the Repub- lican cause in his part of the state. He is a Scottish Rite Mason of the 32d degree ; and a member of Otseningo Lodge and Malta Commandery, both of Binghamton. He belongs to the Binghamton Club, and the Phi Beta Kappa and Delta Kappa Epsilon college societies ; and is a member and trustee of the First Congregational Church, Binghamton. PERSONAL CHRONOLO^GY — Israel T. Deyo was born at Union, N. Y. , January 28, 185 Jf ; gra(fiia/ed from Amherst College in 1879 ; faiiglit school and studied hnv, and was admitted to the bar in 1883; married Edith A. Weld of Binghamton, N. Y., June 26, 1889 ; was a member of the New York state assembly, 1890-93 ; has practiced hnc at Binghamton since 1883. MilUam jf. 3cnk3, "ho has been promi- nent at the bar and on the bench in Chenango county for upwards of forty years, is descended from old New England stock, his maternal grandfather having enlisted in the revolutionary army from Hampton, Windham county, Connecticut. He was born in Otsego county in 1831, and made his home there until he was twenty-two years old. He was brought up on a farm, and received the homely and practical training of a country boy of sixty years ago. After exhausting the resources of the country schools of the neighborhood, he completed his edu- cation in select schools. In those days an elaborate course in pedagogy was not needed in preparation for the work of a teacher ; and Mr. Jenks resorted to the familiar expedient of ambitious young men, and taught forTour winters in the district schools. During this time he began reading law in the office of Gorhani & Foster in his native town of Burlington, afterward comjileting his legal studies with Cutler Field of Cooperstown. Admitted to the bar in the summer of 1853, Judge Jenks at once began practice in Friendship, Alle- gany county. In December, 1855, however, he took up his residence in Chenango county, forming a partnership with O. F. Matterson, and opening an office in the town of New Berlin. For the next twenty years he practiced there ; but at the end of that time his clientage throughout the count} had become so extensive that he deemed it advisable to MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION establish himself in a larger place. In April, 1875, accordingly, he moved to Norwich. Judge Jenks had served one term on the board of supervisors of Otsego county when a young man, and he had always kept up an interest in public affairs. During his twenty years of jiractice in New Berlin he had become widely and favorably known in the county as an able lawyer and a good citizen ; and he had not been long in Norwich before he was elected county judge and surrogate on the Democratic ticket by a large major- ity, although the county was strongly Republican. This was in the fall of 1S77 ; and on the expiration of his term, in 1883, he was re-elected. Having discharged the duties of these offices efficiently for twelve years, he retired from the bench January 1, 1890, and resumed the practice of law in Norwich. Since that time his services have been increasingly in demand, his long judicial experience having given him a store of valuable professional knowledge, and a deep and comprehensive grasp of legal problems. Judge Jenks has taken an active part in various commercial enterprises, par- ticularly the Norwich Produce Company. He is a trustee in the Norwich Water Works Co., and a director in the Excel- sior Mutual Life Association of Oxford, N. Y. He has interested himself con- siderably in educational matters, serving in New Berlin as secretary of the board of trustees of the academy there, and for fifteen years as trustee and secretary of the board of education of the Norwich High School. He is a prominent mem- ber of the Masonic fraternity, belonging to Phoebus Lodge, No. 82, F. & A. M., of which he was Wor- shipful Master for nine years ; Harmony Chapter, No. 151, R. A. M. ; and Norwich Commandery, No. 46, K. T. For two years he was District Dej)- uty Grand Master of Masons in New York state. He is an Episcopalian, and senior warden of Emmanuel Church, Norwich ; and he belongs to the New York State Bar Association. Having been born and bred a farmer, he has always taken an active interest in the prosperity of the farming community. PERSONA L CHR O NOL OGY— William Flint Jenks was born at Burlington, N. Y. , August 39, 18S1 ; was educated in public and priiiate schools : taught school and studied latu, and was admitted to the bar in 1S5S ; married Eliza Matterson of Burlington JVovember 10, 185^ ; practiced law in Friendship, N. }'., 185S-55, and in Nnu Berlin, N. Y., 1855-75 : 7vas county Judge of Chenango county, 1878-80 : has practiced la7i< at Norwich, N. Y., since 1875. WILLIAM I-'. JEXKS SUStin Xatbrop, superintendent of state prisons tor the state of New York, and otherwise widely known in public life, was born at Covington, Penn., in 1839. After attending common schools until the age of sixteen, he entered upon a business career at Williamsport, Penn., as an inspector of lumber. He remained in this position for about two years, or until 1857, when he left Williamsport and took up his residence in Lawrenceville, Penn. After working there for a year or more as clerk in a gen- eral store, he went to Corning, N. Y. , which has been his home ever since. Taking a clerkship in the hardware and lumber busi- ness of C. C. B. Walker in Corning, Mr. Lathrop made so rapid progress in mastering the business, and so 10 ME\ OF NEW VORh'—CNEMrXG SECTKhX favorably impressed Mr. Walker, that the latter took him into partnership in June, 1862, when he had been in his employ about three years. This associa- tion proved to be mutually advantageous, and the two men maintained a prosperous partnership until the death of Mr. Walker in 1888. Mr. Lathrop's A I 'S T/X L.I THR OP chief business interests have been connected with this concern, but he has also been somewhat active a-S a railroad and public-works contractor. For many years Mr. Lathrop has been prominent in political life. He began his public career in 1860, when he wa-s made president of the village of Corning, holding the office two years. In 1869 he was elected one of the supervisors of the town of Corning. He held this office continuously until 1878, serving as chairman of the board during four years of that time. In 1882 he was appointed com- missary general of subsistence on Governor Cleve- land's staff, and in 1885 he was appointed quarter- master general under (Governor Hill. For the last ten years Mr. I.athrop has been suiierintendent of state prisons, having been originally appointed to that office by Governor Hill in 1887, and re- appointed by Governor Flower in 1893. In this responsible and difficult position he has displayed conspicuous executive ability, and has met the some- what trying conditions imposed by the constitution of 1896 with a skdl that is greatly to his credit. Mr. Lathrop has been a vestryman of the Episcopal church in Corning ever since he first became a resident of the place nearly forty years ago. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Austin Lathrop was born at Covington, Penn. , April 9, 1839 ; was eihicated in common schools ; engaged in business at Williamsport, Penn., 1855-57, and at Latorenccville, Penn., 1857-59; 7uas president of the village of Corning, N. V. , 1866-67, and supennsor of the town of Coi-?iing, 1869-78; married Mrs. Enmia F. IVellingtoti of New York city November 11, 1893 ; has been superintendent of stale prisons in Ne7v York state since 1887 ; has engaged in the liardware and lumber business in Corning, and in railroad and puhlic-iiwrks contracting, since 1859. (I^rUS as. /IDartin of Norwich, N. Y., is known throughout the eastern and central portions of the state, where he has been prominent for forty years in various fields of activity. He was born in Washington county sixty-odd years ago, and received a common-school edu- cation. At the age of fifteen he became an apprentice to the printer's trade in the office of the Glens Falls Clarion. After four years in this position he spent a year as an employee in the same office, and in 18.50 became a compositor on the Albany Journal, where he remained for the next five years. Having thus thoroughly acquainted himself with the mechanical work of a new.spaper office, Mr. Martin took a long step upward in the journalistic world. In 1855 he bought an interest in the Che- nango Telegraph of Norwich, N. Y., and became one of the editors and publishers of that paper. A few years in that position served to familiarize him with the general management of such an enterprise, and in the spring of 1861 he sought a more impor- tant field. Having disposed of his interest in the Telegraph he moved to Newburgh, N. Y., where he bought the Highland Cliieftain from its proprietor. MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION 11 Riifiis A. Reed, and assumed the entire management of that paper. Changing its name to the Newburgh Journal, he improved the publication, Itoth typo- graphically and editorially, and pushed the new- enterprise vigorously. The ne.xt year he began the publication of the Daily Journal, which he conducted for fifteen years with marked ability. When Mr. Martin first went to Newburgh the Civil War had just begun, and popular feeling ran high on all sides. Always a man of strong convic- tions and fearless in expressing them, he came out boldly and aggressively in behalf of the Union cause ; and throughout the war he continued one of its ablest advocates. By his clear and incisive edi- torials he did much to stimulate and develop the patriotic sentiment of the community, and to instill in others the .same loyal spirit with which he was animated. .\ newspaper editor, by the very nature of his profession, is brought , into intimate connection with all local movements, and exercises an important influence upon them. Mr. Martin was always ready to lend his support to any project that commended itself to his judgment ; and the friends of law, of order, and of progress could count on his assistance. He interested himself heartily in the public-school system of Newburgh, and for fi\e )'ears was an active member of the board of education. For the last three years of his residence in Newburgh he was one of the trustees of the Washington Headquarters there. Mr. Martin's genial manner and many sterling qualities had endeared him to a wide circle of friends and acquaintances ; and when, in the spring of 1X77, he determined to leave Newburgh and re- tire from the newspaper world, the ste]j caused general regret. As a token of their appreciation of his work, the lead- ing citizens of Newburgh tendered him a complimentary bamjuet, which was held at the United States hotel on the evening of April 20, 1877. John J. S. McCroskery, mayor of the city, presided on that occasion, and the most ])romi- nent men of the community testified by their presence to the high regard in which Mr. Martin was held. Speeches were made by Charles Emory Smith, editor of the Albany Journal, Senator Daniel B. St. John, and others ; and complimentary letters were read from jjersonal friends of Mr. Martin, including Roscoe Conkling, Alonzo B. Cornell, and Kllis H. Roberts, of the Utica Herald. For the past tivent)- )-ears Mr. Martin has made his home in Norwich, N. Y., and has devoted him- self to business life there. His principal interest is the David Maydole Hammer Co., one of the largest concerns of the kind in the country, of which he is president. He is also president of the Chenango National Bank, and is engaged in various other busi- ness enterprises. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Cyrus B. Martin was born at Argyle, N. V., September 6, IS.iO ; laas educated in conwion scltools and Argxle Academy ; learned the printer'' s trade, and ivorked at the same in Glens Falls and Albany, ISJ^H-bo ; laas one of the editors and publishers of the ' ' Chenango Telegraph ' ' of Nonmch, N. Y. , 1855-(J1 .- married CYRUS IS. .\f.th'T/\ Ann Vernette Maydole of Noncncli June 16, 1S5S : icas editor and sole owner of the Newburgh "Daily Journal," 1861-77 : has engaged in manufacturing and other business euter/'rises in Nor7oich since 1877. 12 MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMCNG SECTION /IDUrra^ ]£. pools is descended from an old English family whose history may be distinctly traced back to the eleventh century, when the ]3ro- genitor of the line came over from the continent with William the Conqueror. The founder of the American branch of the family was Edward Poole, MURRAY E. POOLE who came from Weymouth, England, in 1685, and established the town of the same name in Massachu- setts. One Samuel Poole was a member of the com- mittee of safety and correspondence during the War for Independence ; and his son. Lieutenant Samuel Poole, served in the Continental army. Indeed, no less than five of Mr. Poole's ancestors were soldiers in the revolutionary war. Mr. Poole is a son of Edward V. Poole, a native of Philadelphia, and a .successful business man and banker. Born in Wyoming county, Pennsylvania, forty years ago, Mr. Poole prepared for college at Wyoming Seminary, Kingston, Penn., which his father had attended before him. He then entered Cornell University, and graduated thence in l.S.SO with the degree of A. B. Having a strong inclina- tion for the legal profession, he decided to make that his life-work ; and after studying with several eminent preceptors, he was admitted to the bar at Syracuse in May, 1889, and opened an office in Ithaca. He advanced rapidly in his profession, and soon attained a high rank at the bar of Tompkins county, where he conducts a general law practice. His professional library is umusually fine, and is of value to young students, a number of whom are at all times registered in his office. Mr. Poole has always taken an active interest in the welfare of the Democratic party, and he has received several nomi- nations for important offices. He was a candidate in 1889 for special county judge of Tompkins county, in 1893 for delegate to the state constitutional con- vention, and in 1894 for district attor- ney. His party services and his ability in the law were both fittingly recognized by an appointment from Governor Hill in 1889 as sjiecial county judge. Mr. Poole has gained considerable reputation as a writer of taste and altil- ity ; and his contributions have appeared in some of the leading periodicals of the country, including the Magazine of American History, the Green Bag, the American University Magazine, Harper' s Weekly, the Buffalo Illustrated Express, the Utica Saturday Globe, and the De- troit Free Press. He has pulilished also a " History of Edward Poole of Weymouth, Mass., and His Descend- ants." Over a hundred historical and learned societies in the United States and foreign countries number Mr. Poole on their list of mem- bers. Among these may be mentioned the follow- ing: the American Bar Association, the New York State Bar Association, the American Historical Association, the New York Historical Society, the New P^ngland Historic Genealogical Society, the Sons of the Revolution, the Sons of the American Revolution, the Society of Colonial Wars, the Soci- ety of the War of 1812, the Military Order of For- eign Wars of the United States, the Order of Foun- ders and Patriots of America, the Order of the Old Guard, the American Philological Association, the American Authors' Guild, the Shakespeare Society of New York, and the New England Society of New York city. Mr. Poole is also a ;>2d degree Ma.son ; MEN OF NEW YORK~ CHEMUNG SECTION 13 and belongs to the Episcopal church, in whose work he takes an active interest. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Murray Ed- ward Pook was horn at Ceiitrcmorcland, Penn. , July 17, 1S57 : graduated from Coruell University in 1880 : studied taic. and 7oas admitted to the bar in 1889 ; 7Cias special county judge of Tompkins coimty in 1889 ; married Eva Zeliffe of Limestone, N. Y., November 4, 1891 : has practiced hnv at Lthaca, N. K, since 1889. CbarleS 1R. Pratt, county judge and surro- gate of Chemung county, New York, was born in Elmira iifty years ago. He received a mental train- ing unusually broad and thorough, and was thus well fitted by education, as well as by natural endow- ments, to take an important place in the community. After spending three years at the Elmira .\cademy and one year at Union School, Schenec- tady, he entered Union College at the age of eighteen. He remained there three years, but at the end of that time deter- mined to finish his course at Amherst. He accordingly went thither in his senior year, and graduated with the cla.ss of 1 869. For a man of Judge Pratt's scholarly tastes, a professional career was the only one to be thought of : and among the different professions the law appealed to him most strongly. He therefore spent three years after his graduation from col- lege in a law office in Elmira, and in 1872 was admitted to the bar. After a further experience of several years as a lawyer's clerk he formed a partnership in April, 1875, with George E. Pratt, under the style of G. E. & C. R. Pratt, that lasted for about four years. Judge Pratt then gave up for a short time his professional work, becoming cashier of the Second National Bank of Elmira. He filled this position for three years beginning in September, 1879 ; but commercial life proved le.ss congenial to him than legal work, and at the end of that time he took up again the active practice of the law. For this purpose he associated himself with Herman Joerg in the firm of Pratt & Joerg, which continued until 1894. Since then he has practiced alone. Judge Pratt's legal career outlined above, ha,s been one of marked success. His deep learning in his profession is evident from the fact of his appoint- ment in 1891 as assistant professor of law at Cornell University ; and his general reputation as a lawyer and citizen is attested by his nomination and election to the office of county judge and surrogate, which he now holds. When first nominated for this office in 1890 he was defeated. In 1896, however, he was again the candidate of the Republican party for the office. This time he was successful, and since January 1, 1897, he has presided over the county court with dignity and ability. In 1894 he served as a memlier of the state constitutional conven- tion. Judge Pratt has interested himself largely in the vexed social problems of the day, and has given considerable time and thought to their solution ; and he has delivered lectures on political economy and sociology that show the result of careful study and research. He is a member of the Alpha Delta Phi CHARLES R. PRATT college fraternity, and attends the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL Cf/R ONOL OGY— Charles Ran- som Pratt icas horn at Elmira. N. Y. , January 24, 14 MEN OF A'EIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTrON IS47 ; graduated from Amherst College in 1869: studied laiv, and 7vas admitted to the bar in 1872 ; married Jane E. Carrier of Elmira April 10, 1870 ; 7aas a hank eashier, 1879-82 ; was a tnember of the eonstifi/fional convention in 189Jf., and 7C'as elected county judge and surrogate of Chemung counts in 1800 : J.I.\fES //. A'OB/iRTS has practiced law at Elmira since 1S7-) ivith the excep- tion of three years spent in banking. James lb. IRObertS, recorder of the city of Binghamton, is a native of the Far West, having l)een liorn in California considerably less than forty years ago. His education was begun in the common schools of California, but he was brought East in childhood by his family ; and finished his prepara- tory training at the academy at Windsor, N. Y., and at the Cortland Normal School. He then entered upon a course at Hamilton College, in the class of 188(3, remaining at that institution two years. In 1897 his alma mater conferred upon him the degree of A. B., nunc pro tunc. His general education completed, Mr. Roberts went at once to Binghamton, and became a clerk in the law office of Chapman & Lyon ; and in November, 1887, he was admitted to the bar at a general term of the Supreme Court held at Syracuse. Forming a partnership with Charles F. O'Brien, under the style of Roberts & O'Brien, he began practice at once in Binghamton. His success from the first was marked and continuous, and he cpiickly became known as a young lawyer of unusual promise. In 1894, find- ing himself largely occupied with public duties, he withdrew from the partnership with Mr. O'Brien ; and since that time he has conducted his private practice alone. From the beginning of his professional career Mr. Roberts has taken an active interest in public affairs. Shortly after his admission to the bar he was ap- pointed attorney and secretary to the excise board of Binghamton, and held the position for the next three years. In February, 1894, he was elected recorder of the city, taking office January 1, 1895. Since that time his judicial du- ties have occupied a large .share of his time, and have been discharged in a most able and acceptable manner. Mr. Roberts is })rominent in business and social circles in Binghamton, as well as in the legal profession. He ])ossesses a certain |)ractical turn of mind that has caused him to interest himself consider- ably of late years in various industrial enterprises. He has given particular at- tention to the recent developments in the use of electricity and in electrical a])pli- ances. He is at present a director in the Binghamton General Electric Co.; and acts as attorney for that corporation, and for several other commercial organizations. Mr. Roberts is a devoted member of the Ma.sonic fraternity, in which he has attained the 32d degree ; belonging to Blue Lodge, Binghamton Cha])ter, Malta Commandery, and Otseningo Consistory, all of Binghamton. His clubs are the Binghamton and the Craftsman's of Binghamton, and he attends the First Presbyterian Church. He has membership in the Chi Psi college fraternity, to which he was admitted during his course at Hamilton. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— James H. Roberts 7vas born at ALt. Pleasant, Cal., June 2 4, 1860 ; entered Hamilton College, Clinton, N'. Y. , /// the class of 1886 : studied hue, and reus admitted to ME.X OF XEir YORK—CHE.VUNG SECTION 15 the bar in ISSl : married Jennie K. Rowland of S/ter- luirne, IS'. I', fiilv 1, 1890; 7vas attorney for the exeise hoard of Binghamton, N. V. , 1888-91 ; has practiced law at Bitighamton since 1887, and has heen recorder of the city since January 1, 1895. Be iPorCSt IDan IDleet, prominent at the bar of Tompkins county, and well known in political circles throughout the state of New York, was born in the town of Fenton, Broome coimty, about forty years ago. He had the benefit of a thorough edu- cational training, attending successively Waverly Institute, Candor Free Academy, and Cornell Uni- versity. After graduating from Cornell in June, 1877, he took up the study of law, and mastered the essential parts of the subject with such dispatch that he was admitted to the bar June 30, 1880. He was the first college graduate of New York state to be admitted under the rule allow- ing such graduates access to the bar after i two years' study. Beginning the prac- tice of his profession at Ithaca in 1881, he soon attained high rank among the members of the local bar. He has prac- ticed during most of the time without partnership assistance, but was associated with Edward H. Bostwick from February 1, 18il4. until December 31, 189(3. From the very beginning of his profes- sional career Mr. Van Vleet has taken a deep interest in political affairs. For about ten years he was chairman of the Democratic county committee, and at various times was a member of the state executive and advisory committees. In every campaign since 1880, except that of 1896, he has taken an active part both on the stump and in the counsels of the party leaders. He was nominated for the assembly in the fall of 1888, but was not elected. He served as city attorney of Ithaca for four-terms, and was the first recorder of the city to receive the office by appointment. He has been an earn- est .supporter of the cause of civil-ser- vice reform, and was appropriately ap- pointed by Governor Flower one of the civil-service commissioners of the state of New York. In the social life of Ithaca and its vicin- ity Mr. Van Vleet has enjoyed a position consistent with his prominence in professional and in public life. He is an Odd Fellow, and also a Mason, having ad- vanced in the order of Ma.sonry as far as the Templar degree. He is a member of the Chi Psi college fra- ternity, and belongs to various social clubs. He has membership in the Holland Society of New York city, thereby evincing his interest in the sturdy race from which he is descended. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Be Forest Van Vleet icas horn at Fenton, N'. V. , August 10, 1857 ; graduated from Cornell University in 1877; 7(.'as admitted to the har in 1880 ; married Ada Belle Lacey of Dryden, N. Y., Octoher 19, 1881 ; 7ms city attorney of Lthaca, N. Y. , 1882-85 and 1890- 91, and recorder of the city, 1888-89 ; tvas a state civil-service commissioner, 1893-95 ; has practiced hnv in Lthaca since 1881. JEDwarb B. l!)OUmanS, prominent at the bar of Klmira, where he has ])racticed for a i]uarter of a DE FOREST VAN VLEET century, and known throughout Chemung and adjoin- ing counties alike in legal and professional circles, was born in Otsego county, New York, about sixty years ago. After attending the district schools of 16 MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION his native town, at the age of fourteen he became a ])upil in the Delaware Literary Institute at Franklin, Delaware county, from which he graduated four years later. He next spent several years as a teacher ; and afterward, hnvintr delermined to become a law- EDWARD B. YOUMAXS yer, he entered the office of his brother William at Delhi, N. Y., as a student and clerk. Admitted to the bar at Binghamton in May, 1865, Mr. Youmans at once formed a partnership with his brother in Delhi, and began the practice of his pro- fession. A few years later he opened an office alone in Otego, his native place, whence he moved on January 1, 1872, to Elmira. The change from a country town of one or two thousand inhabitants to a city like Elmira constitutes an e.xcellent test of a man's real powers. If he has the necessary ability, the enlarged opportunities will bring him increased success ; but many a man who has gained some local reputation in a village is left hopelessly behind in the keener competition of a city. Mr. Youmans, as the event ]iroved, made no mistake in seeking a wider field of professional activity. Beginning in Elmira alone, he soon made a place for himself there, and acquired an excellent practice. Finding the need of assistance in his professional work, he formed a partnership with Erwin J. Baldwin, who had lieen a student in his office. Mr. Baldwin re- tired from the firm after a few years, and in 1880 Roswell R. Moss joined Mr. Youmans as a partner in the firm of You- mans iV Moss. This as.sociation has con- tinued ever since ; and from 1884 to 1891 the firm was still further strength- ened by the addition of Charles H. Knipp, formerly a student in their office, and since 1892 the able district attorney of Chemung county. A Democrat in politics, Mr. Youmans has long been closely identified with his party. He stands high in its counsels, and has served as chairman of the Che- mung-county committee. For several years he wa.s chosen by popular election to represent his district on the Elmira board of education, and served as the secretary of the board. Owing, ])erhaps, to his early experience as a teacher, he has always taken special interest in the cause of education, and has done good work in connection with the public schools of his adopted city. During President Cleveland's first administration Mr. Youmans held the important ])ost of chief clerk of the treasury department at Washington, and made his home in that city from 1885 to 1890. Mr. Youmans has interested himself in various manufacturing enterpri.ses of late years, and has held office in several such corporations. He is prominent in the social life of Elmira, where he has membership in the City Club and the Century Club. He belongs, also, to the Winnisook Club, whose members have a beauti- ful summer camp in the Catskills ; and to the Army and Navy Club of Wa.shington. He is a Mason, and attends Trinity Episcopal Church, Elmira. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Edward B. Youmans was bont at Otego, N. Y, May 15, 1836 ; was educated at Delaware Literary Lnstitute ; taught school and studied laiv, and was admitted to the />ar May 11, 1865 ; married Louise Towner of Elmira. A\ Y., February 25, 1868 ; practiced law at Delhi and Otego, N. Y, 1865—71; 7vas chief clerk of the treasury department at Washington, D. C. , 1885-90 ; lias practiced lan' at Elmira since fanuaiy 1 , 1872. MEN OF XEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 17 Oeorge 36. JSra&lep is a justice of the Su- preme Court for the 7th judicial district, having been elected in l.S,S8. For about four years, from January I, 188iJ, he was on the bench of the second division of the Court of Appeals, which was created, pursuant to a provision of the constitution, to clear up the retarded and congested business of the regular court. During this long service Judge Bradley has passed on many im- portant legal and constitutional t|uestions. His bearing on the bench is dignified, and he is admired and respected by both lawyers and litigants for his extreme courtesy, fairness, and deep knowledge of the law. Mr. Bradley was a country boy, having been born in Chenango county some seventy years ago. He attended the country schools, and studied law in country offices. He was admitted to the bar at the age of twenty-three, and began to practice immediately at Addison, Steuben county. This did not prove to be a good field, and he soon moved to the neighboring town of Woodhull, re- maining there until 1852, when he settled in Corning. Two years thereafter he formed a partnership with D. F. Brown under the firm name of Bradley & Brown. Later he associated himself with A. S. Kendall ; and the firm of Bradley & Kendall continued until Mr. Bradley's election to the bench. Judge Bradley began to take an active interest in politics soon after he moved to Corning. When he had lived there only six years, and was but thirty-three years old, he received the Democratic nomination for congress in the 28th dis- trict, consisting then of Steuben and Livingston counties. The Republican party was young at that time, but this was old Whig territory, and the Re- publican candidate opposed to Mr. Bradley was naturally elected. In 1878 Mr. Bradley was elected to the state senate, in which he served two terms, taking high rank among the members and having important com- mittee assignments. Shortly after his retirement from the senate he was placed in nomination by the Democratic party for a judgeship of the Court of Appeals. The Republican candidate, George Ft Danforth, was elected, receiving 391,112 votes against 356,451 for Mr. Bradley- From this time (1878) Mr. Bradley continued to practice his profession at Corning, until he was called to the bench of the Supreme Court in 1883. Judge Bradley was particularly well fitted for the bench ; for, besides having been in active practice at the bar for thirty-five years, he had taken part in revising the state constitution. The work of the GEORGE B. BRADLEY constitutional convention of 1867-68 was not ap- proved by the people, and in 1872 the legislature authorized the appointment of a constitutional com- mission to institute needed reforms in the fundamental law. This commission consisted of thirty-two emi- nent citizens selected equally, four from each judicial district, from the two great political parties. Gov- ernor Hoffman ajspointed Mr. Bradley one of the commissioners from the 7th district. There were many notable men in the commission, including John D. Van Buren, John J. Townsend, Erastus Brooks, Benjamin D. Silliman, Francis Kernan, David Rum- sey, and Sherman S. Rogers. One of the import- ant changes which Judge Bradley had a hand in framing was that striking from the constitution all 18 ME!^ OF XEIV VORk'— CHEMUNG SECTION reference to persons of color in the qualifications of voters, thus making the New York constitution con- sistent with that of the United States in this regard. PERSO NA L CHR ONOL OGY— George Beckivith Bradley was born at Greene, Chenango county, N. Y. , Fehriiarx 5, 1825 ; 7oas educated in WILL R. COMPTOX common schools and Ithaca (jV. K) Academy ; was admitted to the bar in 1848 ; married Hannah E. Lattimer of Woodhull, N. Y., July 11, 1850 ; moved to Corning, N'. Y. , in 1852 ; was nominated for con- gress in 1858, and for judge of the Court of Appeals in 1878 ; 7vas elected state senator in 1873 and in 1875 ; was elected justice of the Supreme Court in 1883 ; was judge of the second division of the Court of Appeals, 1889-92. TOIIUI 1R. COmptOn is one of the rising poli- ticians and business men of the Southern Tier. He has been chairman of the executive committee of the Chemung-county Republican committee for eight years. He is a frequent delegate to state, senatorial. and congressional conventions. He has been for six years a member of the executive committee of the state league of Republican clubs. He is an orator of no mean ability, and has been in great demand as a stump speaker in every campaign of recent years. He has also delivered numerous orations at observances of Fourth of July, Decoration Day, and similar occasions. His services to his party in the presidential campaign I of 1888, and his high qualifications for the place, led to his appointment, soon after the inauguration of President Har- rison, as chief examiner in the office of the auditor of the treasury for the post- office department at Washington. He ! performed the duties of this office with I energy and ability for two years, and then resigned to enter the real -estate business at Elmira, N. Y. For this pur- pose he formed a partnership with Charles F. Hurlbut. The venture met with the success that has attended all of Mr. Compton's undertakings, and the firm of Compton & Hurlbut is now well and favorably known throughout the Southern Tier. In 1892 Mr. Compton wa.s pre- sented by the Chemung-county delegates, at a convention held in Corning, as their candidate for representative in congress for the 29th district. He was ably sup- ported, but the nomination went to Charles W. (iillett of Addison. Mr. I Compton, however, is still young, full of ambition, and possessed of great popular- : ity ; and his prospects for the future are all the brighter for that candidacy, even though it was unsuccessful. Mr. Compton is a self-made man. He attended the common schools until he was ten years old. By that time his services at home had become too valuable to admit of his going to school except in the winter. At thirteen he entered the Spencer Academy at Spencer, Tioga county, N. Y., which he attended two terms. That was the extent of his schooling. He continued to study by himself, however, after his daily work was finished ; and he is now a well-read, cultured man, taking special pride in the collection and possession of a good library. Until he was sixteen years old Mr. Compton worked on a farm. Then he was made a clerk in the Watkins ( N. Y. ) post office, where he remained two years. He left that place to attend a business college at Meadville, Penn. .After completing the ME.X OF NEW rORK—CHE.\fU.\'G SECTION 19 course there he was made a clerk in the Meadville post office, holding the position two years. He then went West, and worked on a farm in Illinois during the summer of 1880. Returning to the East, he secured a position with the United States Express Co. at Meadville, but soon gave up this work to en- gage in the manufacture of cigars, in partnership with his brother at SuUivanville. The business proved distasteful, and he became a traveling sales- man, continuing this occupation until his appoint- ment as chief examiner in the postal service. Mr. Compton is a member of the Methodist Epis- copal church, of the Southern Light Lodge of Master Masons, and of the order of Elks. He has written more or less for the newspapers, acting as regular correspondent of the Cedar Rapids (Iowa) Daily Republican while in Washington, and writing letters of travel for that paper and for the Elmira Advertiser. About four )'ears ago Mr. Compton built for himself a beautiful suburban home in Elmira. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— William R. Compton was born at SuUivan- ville, Chemung county, N. Y., April S, 1860 ; was educated in the district school and Spencer (^N. Y.) Academy ; married Alice Forshee of Watkins, N. Y., June 8, 1881 : engaged in the manufacture of cigars at SuUivanville in 1881 ; was appointed chief exatniner in the post office department at Washington in 1889 ; has conducted a real-estate business in Elmira, N. Y, since 1891. Se\>tUOUr SCIter has achieved an honorable reputation as a lawyer, a judge, and a financier. His career has been that of the American boy favored with few opportunities, but endowed with a resolute will and noble aspirations. From a country lad he has become one of Elmira's conspicuous citizens, foremost in its business, social, and religious life. Mr. Dexter is a native of the Empire State, and traces his ancestry to the Rev. Gregory Dexter, who came over to the Providence Plantation with Roger Wil- liams. After attending district schools, young Dexter entered Alfred Academy, and was there fitted to enter Alfred Uni- versity. He was a student in the latter institution at the time of the firing on Fort Sumter. That event stirred his youthful patriotism, and he laid aside his books, to enlist as a private in company K, 2.3d New York volunteers. He gave two full years to the service of his country, and after he was mustered out, resumed his college work and graduated in 1864. His residence in Elmira began in the fall of that year, when he entered the law office of James L. Wood, pursuing his legal studies there till admitted to the bar. After spending a year as managing clerk in a law office, he formed a partnership with Robert T. Turner, to which E. C. Van Duzer was sub- sequently admitted. The firm of Turner, Dexter & Van Duzer soon commanded a lucrative practice, and won a high reputation in legal circles. The popularity and ability of Mr. Dexter led to his ap- pointment, in the spring of 1872, as city attorney. In the fall of the same year he was elected a member of the assembly by the Republican party, with which he has always been affiliated. He was the only SEYMOUR DEXTER Republican elected from Chemung county during a period of sixteen years. Mr. Dexter had now gained both the esteem of the bar and the confidence of the people, as was further evidenced by his 20 AfEA OF NEIV ]\')RA' CHEMUNG SECT/ON election as county judge, for two terms of six years each. He performed the duties of this position to the satisfaction of all, winning new fame for his dili- gence, learning, and uprightness. In 1889, before the expiration of his second term, Judge Dexter re- signed from the bench to become president and active manager of the Second National Bank, Elmira, a position of trust and responsibility that he still oc- cupies. His retirement from the bench was made the occasion of a banquet in his honor by his profes- sional brethren, at which resolutions were passed testifying to his standing as a lawyer and a judge. In the field of banking and finance Mr. Dexter has also distinguished himself. His management of the affairs of the Second National Bank has been marked by prudence and firmness. This was not, however, his first experience in the management of financial institutions, for he had been president of the Chemung Valley Mutual Loan Association since its organization in 1875. In the administration of that institution he developed a deep interest in the theory and practice of this form of co-operation, and the results of his studies were given to the public in a volume on co-operative savings and loan associations published by the Appletons in 1889. This book has had great influence in the spread of these associations on a sound basis throughout the United .States. On the formation of the New York State League of Co- operative Savings and Building Loan Associations, Judge Dexter was chosen a vice president ; and he was elected president in 1890 and 1891. He was the leading spirit in the organization of the United States League of Local Building and Loan Associations, and was president for two years. He had the further distinction of proposing the motto of the League : "The American Home the Safeguard of American Liberties." Judge Dexter is a thorough student of political and social science, and has read papers before the American Economic Association and the American Social Science Association. His address before the latter society on "Compulsory Arbitration" re- ceived the hearty approval of men competent to judge the value of its arguments. To extensive learning and deep thinking he adds an eloquent and forcible style, and carries conviction by his logic and sincerity. Mr. Dexter is a member of the Park Church in Elmira and an active worker in its Sunday school. He is a charter member of Baldwin Post, G. A. R., has been judge advocate of the state department, and is still prominent in the organization. PERSO NA L CHR ONOL OGY~ Seymour Dexter was born at Independence, N. Y. , March 20, ISJfl ; served in the Union army, ISiil-US : graduated at Alfred University in 186 If : studied law at Elmira, and was admitted to the bar in 1866 ; married Elcnor E. Weaver of Leonardsville, N. ¥., June 17, 1868 ; was city attorney of Elmira in 1872, mem- her of state assembly in 1873, and judge of the County Court of Chetnutig county, 1878-89 : has been pres- ident of the Second National Bank of Elmira since 1889. %, S. jfflSSCtt needs no introduction to readers of contemporary New York history. His name is inseparably associated with most of the leading events in the legislation and politics of the Empire State for a score of years. At an unusually early age he became an influential factor in the Republican party, and through it has been an active force in both state and national politics. In all these years Mr. Fassett has been a party leader : not a " boss," however, nor anybody's "man." He has been a partisan, but only because of his profound convic- tion of the virtue and mission of his party. He is classed with the Republican leaders of the state who stand highest in the esteem of all reputable citizens. New York city in particular, and the state in general, owe Mr. Fassett a debt of gratitude for his fearless and patriotic exposure of Tammany corruption in 1889 and afterward. His efforts did not result immedi- ately in reform — the times were not then ripe for that — but they paved the way for the later investi- gation and consequent purification of municipal government in New York. Mr. Fassett was born in Elmira, N. Y., where his father was a leading member of the bar. He had all the advantages and opportunities that comfortable means and a cultured home could give, and he made full and proper use of them. He was not spoiled by his surroundings, as are many young men born in the midst of plenty ; but he was strengthened in mind and character by the circmnstances and environment in which he grew to manhood. At five years of age his school days began. He was sent to a private school for a year, and then wi.sely transferred to the public schools. He passed through the various grades, and in time entered the famous Elmira Free Academy, from which he gradu- ated in 1871. He then matriculated at the Univer- sity of Rochester, took the full cla,ssical course, and received the degree of .\. B. in his twenty-second year. He next took up the study of law in the office of Smith, Robertson & Fassett, his father's firm. After three years' study he was admitted to the bar as an attorney, and became a counselor the year fol- lowing, the courts in those days making a distinction between the two. MEN OF KEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION M Mr. Fassett's rise at the bar was rapid, as his success was brilliant and substantial. To natural abilities had been added careful educational train- ing such as few young men receive. He was studious in his habits, careful and thorough in his preparation of cases, clear and forceful in their presentation before courts and juries. He was ap- pointed district attorney by Governor Robinson, and performed the duties of that office during his first year of practice. His brilliant political career began with his election to the state senate in 1883, when he was thirty years of age. He represented the old 27th district, com- posed of Allegany, Chemung, and Steuben counties, for four successive terms. As a senator Mr. Fassett made one of the most enviable records in that body in recent years. He was the leader of his party on the floor, and proved himself an able de- bater, a skillful parliamentarian, and a statesmanlike legislator. At the close of his term in the senate Mr. Fa.ssett was appointed by President Harrison collector of the port of New York. He had discharged the duties of that responsible position only a month when the Republican state convention met, and he was enthusiastically nomi- nated for governor. Seeing his duty clearly, Mr. Fassett resigned the lucrative office of collector to become the standard bearer of his party. His ready sacrifice and unflinching loyalty won the admira- tion of all men, and though the party met defeat at the polls, the campaign will ever be remembered, so far as Mr. Fassett is concerned, as one of the most magnif- icent in the history of the Republican party. His reputation spread beyond the borders of the state, and in the Republican national conven- tion of 1892, held in Minneapolis, Mr. Fassett was chosen temporary chairman. Of late years he has been prominent in journalism, owning and managing the Elmira Daily Adverliser. Mr. Fassett's activity has been marked in many directions. He has been vice president of the Second National Bank of Elmira for five years. He is interested in the development of various enter- prises in New Mexico, and is president of the Bank of Deming, and of the Old & New Mexico Ranch & Cattle Co., situated in that territory. He is a trus- tee of the Rochester University, Elmira College, and Cook Academy at Havana, N. Y. He is a member of numerous clubs and associations, includ- ing the Phi Beta Kappa and Alpha Delta Phi, the University Club of New York, and the Union League. He is a member of the First Baptist Church of Elmira, and belongs to the Masonic fraternity. J. S. FASSETT PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Jacob Sloat Fassett ivas born at Elmira, N. Y., November IS, 1853 ; was educated in public schools and Elmira Free Academy, and graduated from the University of Roch- ester in 1875 ; was admitted to the bar in 1878 ; married Jennie Louise Crocker of Sacramento, Cal. , February 13, 1879 ; was district attorney, 1879-80, state senator, 188^-91, and collector of the port of New York in 1891 ; was Republican candidate for governor of New York state in 1891, and temporary chairman of the Republican national convention, held in Minneapolis in 189.3. It?. /ID. 1F3il">bar& had the immense advantage of birth and bringing up in a college town. This MEN OF XEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION is not saying that he would have filled a smaller place in the world if he had not happened to live in such a town ; but his residence there gave him opportunities for education which many another young man would sacrifice much to obtain, and which Mr. Hibbard had the capacity to improve to H. V/. HIBBARD the utmost. Born in Ithaca forty-odd years ago, he completed his preparatory education two years after Cornell University was first opened to students. He was able, therefore, to enter the university in one of the earliest classes, and had the special advantage of living at home while pursuing his studies. The Cornell of that day was not the great institution that it has since become ; but it was in the hands of the men who have made it a great institution, and some of the most notable edu- cators ever connected with it were then giving to the college an amount of energy and time that would not now be thought necessary from any of the officers. Moreover, the small number of students made it possible for the professors to give to each a degree of personal attention that would not have been possible in any of the older and more firmly established colleges. In accordance with the ideas of its founder, Cornell at that time was a technical as well as a classical college. The excellent course in civil engineering, which has brought so much fame to the institution, was then established ; and 1 Mr. Hilibard entered upon this course when somewhat less than seventeen years old. The youngest age at which any stu- dent is allowed to enter is sixteen. Mr. Hibbard graduated with honors, and at once began the practice of the profession that he had thus mastered. For six years I he was engaged in railroad work. After that he became treasurer of the Autophone Company for the manufacture of musical instruments, and still holds that position. Mr. Hibbard's talents as an engineer have been turned to excellent account by his fellow-citizens, and have been freely employed in the improvement of his native city. He was elected city super- visor in 1888, and in that position was able to accomplish much in the way of public improvements. Later he became secretary and treasurer of the board of sewer commissioners. Ithaca is located on low ground on the shores of a lake with a scarcely perceptible current and with hills on all sides, and the sewerage of the city has always presented a very difficult problem. The final and success- ful accomplishment of the task reflects no little credit on the men who had a hand in it. Mr. Hibbard was also a member of the commission that framed the initial city charter of Ithaca. Socially Mr. Hibbard fills an important place in the cultured life happily characteristic of a small college town. He is a member of both the Ithaca and the City clubs, and of the Town and Gown Club, an organization that aims to draw to- gether the society of the campus and of the city. He belongs, also, to the Protective Police, and to the order of the Knights of Pythias. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Horace Mack Hibbard was born at Ilhaca, A". Y. , November 29, 1853 ; was educated in private schools, Ithaca Academy, arid Cornell University, graduating from the latter institution in 181 J^ : followed the profession of civil engineer from ISlJf. to 1880 ; was city supeiTisor in 1888 : has been treasurer of the Autophone Company, Ithaca, since 1880. .UEX OF AEJV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 23 Ibenrg X. IfJiUCftle? has had a notable career as a citizen and a business man. He gave his coun- try the highest service that a man can render — the offer of his life, at a time when the life of the nation could be saved only by the sacrifice of her best and noblest citizens. The fact that fate spared him was due to no hesitation on his part in meeting the dangers that fall to the lot of a soldier. Since the war the greater part of his time has been spent in the banking business, and he has gradually won his way to a high place among the bankers of central New York. Mr. Hinckley was a Massachusetts boy, born in the famous Berkshire region, which has been the home, permanent or temporary, of so many men of high repute, and the beauty of which is celebrated throughout the world. His education was obtained at Williams Academy, one of the well- known Xew England preparatory schools , that draw students from all parts of the country. At the age of seventeen he entered business life as a clerk in a store at Stockbridge, Mass., afterward moving to Fulton, N. Y., where he was employed in the same capacity when the war broke out. Of the volunteer soldiers of that day, there were some who rushed off at the first call, burning with patriotism but sharing the idea then prevalent, even in high government circles, that the whole trouble would be over in a few months, and that they were really going on a little pleasure trip. Many of these lost heart when they saw the seriousness of the work they had to do, and returned home at the expiration of their first enlist- ment. A larger number, perhaps, grew more determined as the difficulties in- creased, and stayed to see the war through — or to die. They were gallant men all. But there was another class of volunteers, who, clinging to the charms of peaceful business life so long as the idea prevailed that the war would be short, went to the aid of their country only after it had become apparent that ' the struggle was for the very existence of the nation, and that no man could prophesy the end. Mr. Hinckley was one of these latter. He enlisted in August, 1862. Note the significance of the date. It was just after the Peninsular campaign had ended in disaster and failure, just when the rebel army was sweeping up toward Washington to encounter Pope in the second battle of Bull Run. It was the darkest hour that the nation had yet seen. With all due appreciation of the earlier and of the later volunteers, it may be said that the men who enlisted in August, 1862, showed the very highest type of patriotism. Nor was Mr. Hinckley attracted by the promise of rank, since he entered the service as a private. He was mustered out, after having obtained the rank of captain, in Febniar)-, 1866, and every grade that he won was a reward for duty well performed. He was connected most of the time with the 19th army corps, serving in the Department of the Gulf On returning to civil life Mr. Hinckley engaged in business as a railroad contractor. After a number of years, he entered the bank of Henry D. Barto & Co. of Trumansburgh, N. Y., as cashier, and afterward NEXRY L. HIXCKLEY attained the position of president. The success that he achieved here won for him, in a few years, a call to a larger field : as he was appointed, in 1881, cashier of the Tompkins County National Bank at Ithaca, N. Y. 24 MEX OF NEIV YORK'— CHEMUNG SECT/OX He has held this position ever since, discharging its trying duties with signal success. Mr. Hinckley is a member of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, and of the Masonic fraternit\-. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Hetiry Lester Hinekley was born at Stockbridge, Mass., February CHARLES H. A'X/PP 10, ISJf^l : 7cias educated at Williams Academy, Stock- bridge : enlisted in the Union army in August, 1802, and served until the end of the war; engaged in rail- road contracting, 1866-74- ; was bank cashier and president at Trumansburgh, N. Y., 1874-81 ; married Helen Mary Noble of Trumansburgh December 12, 1883 : has been cashier of the Tompkins County National Bank, Lthaca, N'. Y., since 1881. CbarleS lb. 1f\nipp is now serving his second consecutive term as district attorney of Chemung county. This fact becomes profoundly suggestive of his popularity and ability when it is remem- bered that he is an ardent Republican, and that Chemung is naturally a strong Democratic county. At his first election he received the narrow plurality of 197, thus becoming the first Republican to hold the office in that county in fifteen years. During his term there fell to his charge a large amount of important work, which was performed with a skill and thoroughness that won the commendation of political foes as well as friends. He dis- posed of 118 cases, and secured 107 con- victions. The most important case falling to him was the trial of Martin V. Strait for the murder of his wife. This case attracted general attention throughout the state, and resulted in the conviction of the accused. Mr. Knipp had the special honor of receiving the thanks by resolution of a grand jury for his fairness and courtesy in conducting cases brought before them, the jury declaring; "His conception of the duties of his office is not based on the idea of securing a prose- cution or an indictment at any hazard, but rather of obtaining justice towards possible innocent parties, and of protect- ing the people from useless and costly trials." Mr. Knipp's record received so hearty approval from the \oters that when he was renominated, although he was opposed by Erastus F. Babcock, acknowl- edged to be one of the best lawyers in the county, he was re-elected by a pluralitv of 585. Mr. Knipp's rise in life has been achieved by his own unaided efforts. His parents were German immigrants, who settled first at Syracuse and after- ward at Corning, where Mr. Knipp was born. .\s a boy he lived on a farm in the town of Caton, Steuben county, and at- tended the country schools. When he became old enough, he entered the Corning Free Academy, and afterward took a course in a business college in Palmira. He had determined, however, to make law his profession, and he followed the occupation of a bookkeeper only as a means of earning money with which to complete his studies. When twenty-two years old he entered the law office of E. B. Youmans of Elmira, where he remained two years. He then entered the Albany Law School, from which he obtained his degree. He was ad- mitted to practice at once, and was taken into part- nership with E. B. Youmans and R. R. Moss, a connection that lasted eight years. Then he formed a partnership with H. M. Clarke, which continued till Mr. Knipp was elected district attorney. Meanwhile MEN OF NFAV YORK— CHEMiWG SECT/OX his old friend, Senator Dennis McCarthy, had become president /ro tempon- of the state senate, and appointed Mr. Knijjp his private secretary. He retained this position during the legislative session of 1885, thereby acquiring an experience in public affairs and an actiuaintance with public men that have been of great value to him. Mr. Knipp has been admitted to practice in the United States District and Circuit courts of this state. He has conducted many important cases, and has earned a position among the leading trial lawyers of Chemung county. Mr. Knipp has always taken an active interest in politics, having served several years on the Republi- can county committee. He was for six years a member of the 30th Separate Company, N. G., S. N. Y. He is a Mason and a member of the orders of the Knights of Pythias, the Red Men, and the Elks. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Charles Henry Knipp 7uas born at Corn- ing, N. Y., August 1,1858 ; was educated in district schools and in Corni?ig Free Academy ; studied law in the Albany Law School, and was admitted to the bar in May, 1883 ; married Jennie L. Walker of Elmira, N. Y., April 11, 189S ; was elected district attorney of Chemung county in 1892, and was re-elected in 1895 ; has practiced law in Elmira since 188S. ]£&mun& ©'Connor »as bom in County Cork, Ireland. Perhaps to that fact is largely due his pugnacity, his elo- quence, his perseverance. No man in the Southern Tier is better known throughout the state than Mr. O'Connor. His long and distinguished service in the state senate, as well as his high standing in the legal profession, has brought him into much notice. As a politician he is famed for his ability to rally the people, to arouse their enthusiasm, to gather and hold a strong following. In the halls of legislation he is bold, sometimes defiant, ready to meet any and all comers in de- bate, prepared to resist an attempt by opponents to profit unfairly by any situa- tion that may arise, equally quick to secure for his own side all proper advan- tages in the game of politics. His law practice is extensive and of course profitable. He is one of the prominent lawyers of Binghamton, and clients come to him from a wide range of territorv. The qualities that brought Mr. O'Connor success in manhood brought him success in youth. His early years were spent in Little Falls, N. Y. He was but eleven years old when his father died, and he had to begin his battle with the world. He did not hesitate. He was ready to turn his hand to whatever honest employment he could find. He had already attended both public and parochial schools, but the question of further education presented a serious problem. By working in a hammer shop and railroad blacksmith shops at Little Falls he finally saved enough money to take a course at the Little Falls Academy, and later at the Delaware Academy at Delhi, N. Y., where he graduated in April, 1869. He began the study of law at once in the office of Judge Rollin H. Smith at Little Falls, EDMU.XD OCOX.XOR and in a little over two years was admitted to the bar. In August, 1873, he moved to Binghamton, where he has since lived, an honored member of the communitv. 26 MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECT/ON Mr. O'Connor is a Republican in politics. His first office was that of trustee of the Binghamton Asylum for the Chronic Insane, to which he was appointed in 1880 by Governor Cornell. Since 1881 he has been chairman of the auditing com- mittee of the asylum board, and bills for more than $1,000,000 have passed through his hands. Although he had been for some years actively interested in party politics, taking the stump in hotly contested campaigns and giving valued advice in party coun- cils, Mr. O'Connor never held an elective office until he was chosen in 1889 to represent the 24th senatorial district, comprising the counties of Broome, Delaware, and Chenango. He took his seat in the state senate on January 1, 1890, and his two years' service was so satisfactory to his constituents that he was re-elected in 1891. When the state was reappor- tioned the counties of Tioga and Cortland were added to the three first named, the five composing the 25th district, from which Mr. O'Connor, in 1893, was sent to the senate for his fifth and sixth years. When the senate of 1895 was organized Mr. O'Connor was chosen president //v tempore. This was a recognition of his able service as the leader of his party on the floor, and of his ability as a parlia- mentarian. During his si.x years in the senate Mr. O'Connor served on some of the most important committees of that body, and was at different times chairman of the committee on commerce and navi- gation and of the judiciary committee. Besides the usual run of bills of minor or local interest that fall to the lot of every senator, Mr. O'Connor's name is attached to some legislation of state-wide importance. Chief among these measures is the " Bi-partisan Election Inspectors ' ' law, now in force, which is designed to give each of the great political parties equal official power and representation at the polls. This bill was strenuously opposed in some quarters, but Mr. O'Connor's masterly management won success. He took an active part in passing the act providing for the state care of the insane, and he derives much satisfaction from his efforts in behalf of this humane measure. He was also largely instru- mental in the passage of successive acts raising the age of consent from twelve to eighteen years. Mr. O'Connor was a member of the famous Lexow com- mittee, which in 1894 exposed the monstrous corrup- tion of the New York police department, and through its discoveries wrought an entire change in the governing powers of the metropolis. PERSO NA L CHR ONOL OGY— Edmund O' Connor was born in Comity Cork, Ireland, Novem- ber 26, 18^8 : 7vas brought to this country by his parents in ISol : 7oas admitted to the bar at Oswego, N. Y. , in October, 1870 ; married Bridget Murphy of Deposit, N. V., November 17, 1880; was elected to the state senate from the mth district in 1889 and 1891, and from the 2oth district in 1893, serving six years altogether ; has practiced law in Binghamton, N. Y. , since 1873. 30bn jf. pari? burst has attained a profes- sional position that may well excite the envy of other aspirants for legal honors, having built up a law practice that is one of the most extensive in central New York. In political life, also, Mr. Parkhurst has achieved marked .success, and he is one of the most respected leaders of the Re])ublican jiarty in his section of the state. Mr. Parkhurst was born at AVellsboro, Penn., and received his education at Lawrenceville, in the same state. At the age of twenty he moved to Bath, N. Y., and began the study of law in the office of Judge Guy Humphrey McMaster. Two years later he was admitted to the bar at Rochester, and at once began the practice of his profession. In 1872 he formed a partnership with his former instructor. Judge McMaster, which lasted until the death of the latter in 1887. The firm enjoyed an important practice in both the state and federal courts, Mr. Parkhurst de- voting his special attention for many years to bank- ruptcy and ecjuity causes in the United States District and Circuit courts. Among the important cases successfully carried through the state courts by him was that of Griffith Jones against the Bradford Oil Co. and others. Cor- porations are proverbially hard to fight, and it was not until after seven years of litigation and three jury trials that Mr. Parkhurst .succeeded in winning a ver- dict for his client. But the victory was worth all it cost, for it established the right of the plaintiff to three hundred acres of oil land valued at several hundred thousand dollars, in virtue of a tax title that cost him less than fifty cents an acre. Another of Mr. Parkhurst's legal victories was the case of Silvey against Lindsay, in which the Court of Appeals passed upon the constitutional right of the thou.sand or more inmates of the State Soldiers' and Sailors' Home to acquire a voting residence in the town of Bath, where the institution is situated. While Mr. Parkhurst has not sought political office, he has been for years an earnest and active Republican, and a prominent member of committees and conventions. Since 1889 he has been chairman of the Republican committee of Steuben county, and since 1890 he has represented the 29th congressional district in the Republican state committee. He is A/E\ OF XEir YORK— CNEMUXG SECTIOX also a member of the executive committee of the state committee. He was a delegate to the Republi- can national convention of 18S.H, and alternate dele- gate at large to the convention of 1892. He was the first delegate chosen from New York state to the Republican national convention of 1896 in St. Louis. The high esteem in which he is held by his party throughout the state was evi- denced by his election as state delegate at large to the constitutional convention of 1894. He exercised an important in- fluence upon the deliberations of that body, as a member of the judiciary and suffrage committees, and chairman of the committee on county, town, and village officers. Since 1890 Mr. Parkhurst has added to his other duties that of editor of the Steuben Qmiier, one of the leading Re- publican weeklies in the state. It goes without saying that he is a public-spirited citizen, actively interested in all move- ments for the welfare of the community of which he is an honored member. He is a member of the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— John Foster Parkhurst was born at ]Vells- horo, Pemi. , February 17, 1843 ; was educated in common schools and bv private tutors : was admitted to the bar at Roches- ter in 1S65 ; married Alice McMaster of Bath, N. Y.,July 22, 1886 ; was a dele- gate to the Republican national contentions of 1888, 1892, and 1896, and to the New York state constitutional convention of 189 Jf ; has been chairman of the Repub- lican committee of Steuben county since 1889, and member of the Republican state committee since 1890: has edited the Steuben " Courier" since 1890. JaCl^SOn 1RiCbar&50U is one of the men who, by their prominence in the business life of a community, become exponents of the enterprise of the cities in which they live. Such men as he have made American cities, by building up the industries that draw men together. As a manufacturer he has made his name known throughout a wide territory, and has attained prominence among the business men, not only of his own city but of the whole state. This has been accomplished, not by any brilliant or sensational feat, but by steady, patient attention to whatever work lay nearest at hand. Never in his lite has he speculated. His investments have depended not on chance, but on legitimate business conditions. He is a modest man, content with .such recognition as may be spontaneously accorded ; but it may be said of him, altogether in keeping with this attitude, that the rock on which he has founded his fortune is strict business integrity. JOHX F. PARKHURST Mr. Richardson comes of sturdy New England stock. His father, when a young man, settled in Utica, then a part of "the West" in the view of New England people. Here the subject of this sketch was born, and here he obtained, in the com- mon schools, such education as sufficed for the business life in which he was to engage. When Jackson was eleven years old, his father moved to Almond, Allegany county, then a little settlement among the pine lands, devoted to lumber camps and desultory attempts at farming. Lumbermen and farmers need shoes, however, and Mr. Richardson, who was a shoemaker by trade, set out to meet the need. Jackson, with his three brothers, was set to work helping his father, and thus received practical 28 MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION education in the occupation that was to constitute his life-work. The pioneer shoe factory prospered, and as the country developed the demand for Rich- ardson shoes increased. The enterprise of the family led them to push out into new markets, until in the course of time a prosperous business had been JACKSON RICHARDSON built up. Jackson worked in the factory, bought and sold goods, and attended to many details, thus forming business habits of accuracy and thoroughness to which much of his later success has been due. On coming of age he was given an interest in the business. Gradually he accumulated capital of his own, and after ten years' partnership with his father, he determined to seek a larger field on his own account. He opened a factory in Elmira, on Water street near the Erie-railway bridge. Boots and coarse shoes were turned out, and were sold in New York and Pennsylvania, supplying a trade of the same class, for the most part, as that served by his father. Suc- cess came slowlv but steadilv. In 1865 his building; was wrecked by a flood, but the owner rebuilt it for him, and after several months' suspension Mr. Richardson was able to resume operations. The busine.ss was gradually e.xtended until in time it attained its present rank among the leading shoe factories of central New York. The year following the flood, Mr. Richardson bought the building in which he was located. This soon proved inadequate, and he finally built his present factory on the corner of Railroad avenue and Market street. He then had his old building removed, and erected in its place the beautiful structure known as the Odd Fellows' Temple. Mr. Richardson has always been a strong Democrat, but has never sought nor held public office. He joined the Episcopal church soon after settling in Elmira, and has been an active member ever since, contributing liberally to the support of the church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Jackson Richardson was born at Utica, N. y. , A/>ri7 27, 1829 ; was educated in common schools ; began business, with his father, at Almond, N. Y. , in 1850 ; married Emma Hickman November 10, 1862 ; has carried on a shoe fnanufactory at Elmira, N. Y., sitice 1861. Milliam jfin&lap IRogers, superintendent of the state Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath, N. Y., has filled a large place in the public life of Buffalo and western New York. He went to Buffalo in 1846, to work at his trade as a printer ; and both the Buftalo Express and the Buffalo Courier include Mr. Rogers among the noted men who have served them as compositors. He established one of the daily newspapers of Buffalo, the Republic, after- wards known as the Times-Republic. He went to the front with the first Buffalo regiment, the 21st, at the outbreak of the war, and served his country for two years in the field. During the later 'GO's he filled the offices successively of auditor, comptroller, and mayor of the city. His public career was crowned, before his removal to Bath, by election as a member of the 48th congress. It was as mayor, however, that General Rogers performed the service for which he is best entitled to the gratitude of all Buffalonians. During his term he was largely instrumental in establishing the pres- ent beautiful park system of the city. He was the ME\ OF XEU- yORK—C/iEMiWG SECT/OA' 29 first president of the board of park commissioners, and was subsequently its secretary and treasurer for many years. The Buffalo of that day gave little indication of its present greatness, and only men of remarkable foresight and unbounded faith in the future of the city could have had the sagacity to lay out so extensive a park system as was then designed. Another service that General Rogers rendered to Buffalo was his work as secretary and treasurer of the Buffalo Slate Hospital while it was in course of construction. General Rogers was born near Easton, Penn., but was taken to Philadelphia early in life when his father, General 'i'homas. J. Rogers, was appointed naval officer there. Mr. Rogers attended a select school in Philadelphia for about five years, but was obliged to leave school at the age of twelve on account of the death of his father. He learned the trade of printer in the office of the Easton (Penn. j /F//4^ After mastering the art he worked for two years in Philadelphia, and then, when only twenty years of age, began the publication of a weekly paper of his own at Hones- dale, Penn. The establishment of the Buffalo Jic- public was due to the desire of politicians of the "Barnburner" faction to obtain an organ. Mr. Rogers was the manager of the paper ; and his partners in the enterprise were James Albro, Cieorge Livingston, James Stridiron, and Peter Howden. The son of a soldier, Mr. Rogers had a natural inclination for military affairs, and on going to Buffalo he joined com- pany D, Buffalo City Guards. During his thirty-two years' residence in Buffalo he continued his connection with local military organizations, rising through the several gradations from private to major general. He held the latter position until the several division districts of the State National Guard were abolished, when the office became supernumerary. At the outbreak of the war he was a captain in company C, 74th regiment. The regi- ment volunteered under the first call of the President for 75,000 volunteers for ninety days, but the order for its move- ment to the front was countermanded, and volunteers for two years called for instead. Ten companies recruited in Buffalo and vicinity, rendezvoused at Elmira, and were organized as the 21st regiment, New York volunteers ; and Captain Rogers was unanimously elected colonel. He took part in the Maryland and Virginia campaigns, and was mustered out at the close of his two years' service. He was brevetted brigadier general by President Johnson for faithful service in the field. He was then appointed commissioner of enrollment, and afterwards provost marshal of the oOth district of New York. ( leneral Rogers stands high in the Masonic order, having been Master of Hiram Lodge, No. 105, High Priest of Buff"alo Chapter, and Eminent Com- mander of Lake Erie Commandery. He is also a member of the Grand Army of the Republic ; and has been post commander of Chapin and Bidwell- Wilkinson posts, past department commander of the Department of New York, and past president of the State Military Association. He was appointed WILLIAM FIXDLAY ROGERS inspector general on the staff of General Hartranft when that officer was elected commander in chief. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— William Find- lay Rogers was born in Forks township, Penn., March 30 MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 1, 1820 : published a paprr at Honesdale, Peiin. , 1840-4-^ ; married Cai-oline M. IValdroti of Hones- dale, Peiin. , June HO, 18^2, and Phoebe Demony of Buffalo September 20, ISJfS ; moiled to Buffalo in 18If6, and established the Buffalo "■ Repiiblii'" in 1850 ; serrcd in the Union army, 1861-liS ; 7c'as E. M- riHRXriY auditor of Buffalo in 1SG4, comptroller in IStiO, and mayor in 1868 ; Toas a member of the I^8th congress, 1883—85 : has been superintendent of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath, N. Y. , since 1887. JE. /id. IliCrUC^ is classed with the most ener- getic and public-spirited citizens of Binghamton. His career is a source of encouragement to young men who start in lile with no capital except a good character and the blessings of a public-school educa- tion. He was born in Susquehanna, Penn., where he attended school till his fifteenth year. He was a bright student and learned quickly. He early evinced a decided talent for literary pursuits, and served as correspondent of many newspapers. His contributions to the press elicited most favorable comments, and were an earnest of the literary pro- ductions of more mature years. He has been a close student, devoting his leisure time and thought princi- pally to pulilic i]uestions and affairs; and his opin- ions are always sought, and held in deserved esteem. Mr. Tierney's first business position was that of a clerk in his father's grocery. He spent three years in this business, and then became clerk of a hotel, thus enter- ing upon the business in which he has earned most signal success. As a Boniface Mr. Tierney has few equals, and his popu- larity among his as.sociates has been re- peatedly attested by his election as presi- dent of the New York State Hotel Association, comprising a membership of over a thou.sand hotel-keepers. Mr. Tierney's rise in the hotel business has been unusually rapid and successful. It was in 1885 that he made his first venture, forming in that year a partnership with T. |. Brosnan of New York, and leasing with him the famous old Seaside House at Rockaway Beach, 1^. I. Alter two years of jjrosperous management, Mr. Tierney sold out his interest to his part- ner, and went to Binghamton, N. Y. It was there that Mr. Tierney's capacity and ability first had an ample field. In company with J. W. Kennedy he built the magnificent Arlington hotel, which to-day constitutes one of Binghamton's chief attractions, and is a fitting monu- ment to the sagacity and enterprise of the owners. Mr. Tierney is especially interested in hotel associations, and is a strong advo- cate of the necessity of such organization among hotel-keepers. Three successive times he has been elected president of the New York State Hotel As,sociation ; and he was elected first vice president of the National Hotel Keepers Association in 1894. He is an ardent supporter of the principles of the Hotel Men's Mutual Benefit A.s.sociation of the L'nited States. While never a candidate for political office, Mr. Tierney has sat as a delegate in Democratic conven- tions, and is a prominent and an influential member of his party. He has many qualities that would make him a strong candidate, if he should enter the po- litical field. He is recognized as a forcible and fluent speaker, of commanding presence and pleasing ad- dress, and possesses marked executive ability. As A/EX OF AV-:ir YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION :u presiding officer in various organizations, Mr. Tier- ney has delivered many notable addresses displaying a high order of literary merit and a wide and thorough knowledge of the subjects treated. He has been an active factor in the recent develop- ment of Binghamton, and his value has received recognition in his election as president of the Board of Trade for two successive years. To his zealous efforts the city owes much of its present pro- gressive spirit. Few men are better known through- out the state, especially to legislators ; for it has been one of Mr. Tierney's duties as president of the New York State Hotel Association to watch legisla- tion at .\lbany, and see that no statutes unjust to the calling slipped into the laws. Mr. Tierney is a member of various fraternal bodies, chiefly of a benevolent character. He is domestic in his tastes, and is happiest in the midst of his family. He has one daughter, Mary Genevieve, aged fourteen years, and one son, Edwin M., aged eight. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Eilwani M. Tierney 7uas bom at Susque- Jiaiiiia, Penn., November 11, 1858; was educated in the piddic schools ; married Nellie E. Hogan of SiisqueJianna December SO, 1879 ; engaged in the grocery business in Susquehanna, 1879-85 ; has been one of the owners and proprietors of the Arling- ton hotel, Binghamton, M. V., since 1887. ^beron Huoustus Males is descended from I'uritan ancestry, the earliest American progenitor of his family having settled at Dorchester, Mass., in 1635. Dr. Wales was born in the Bay State, in the quaint old town of South Weymouth. He was trained in the public schools, and prepared for college at Kim- ball Union Academy, Meriden, N. H., where he graduated as valedictorian in a class of fifty-six students. He entered Dartmouth College, but adverse circmTi- stances required him to withdraw and take to teaching. He was afterwards able to pursue a special course at the Uni- versity of Michigan, and subsequently matriculated as a medical student in the University of Pennsylvania, from which he graduated in 1873. Dr. Wales began his professional life at Elmira in partnership with Dr. S. O. Gleason, who conducted the well-known Gleason Sanitarium there for many years. This association continued until 1879, when the partnership was dissolved and Dr. Wales opened a (private office, and has since practiced alone. It is not often that physicians have either the incli- nation or the aptitude for political affairs, but it is safe to assert that if Dr. Wales had chosen the pro- fession of law instead of that of medicine, he would have filled by this time many important offices in the gift of the people. As it is, he has frequently been rei.|uested to run for various positions, but has uniformly declined ; and he has accepted appointive positions only when they were in line with his pro- fession, or involved a call to duty not to be ignored. Dr. Wales is an active and a prominent member of the Republican party. In all important cam- paigns he is an influential factor, both by counsel and by contributions to the press, in directing the efforts of his party and promoting its success. He THE RON AUGUSTUS WALES has held the responsible position of United States medical examiner for pensions under Presidents Garfield, Arthur, and Harrison. During Mayor Robinson's administration Dr. Wales was appointed 32 MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION and served as police commissioner of Klmira. He inaugurated the police patrol system there during his commissionership. Dr. Wales is a member of the American Medical Association and of the New York State Medical Association. He has been president of the Che- JAMES E. WALKER mung County Medical Society. Outside the duties of his profession he devotes much time to public services. He is president of the Humane Society and of the Young Men's Christian Association, which is erecting a handsome building for its accommoda- tion. In fraternal societies he is a popular man. He has taken all the degrees of Masonry, and is a life member of Corning Consistory 32d degree. He is also a member of the Massachusetts Society of the Sons of the American Revolution. For more than a quarter of a century he has been a warm personal friend and physician of the Rev. Thomas K. Beecher, and a leading member of the Park Church. Dr. Wales embodies what are everywhere recognized as the prevailing traits of American character. This might be expected of a man all four of whose great-grandfathers fought in the Revolution. He is a fit representative of an honored lineage, [iroving himself by his daily life of usefulness worthy of the respect and confidence of his fellow-citizens. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Thenm Au- gustus Wales 7vas born at South Wey- mouth, Mass., July 15, 18Jf2 ; tvas edu- cated ill preparatory schools, Dartmouth College, ant the University of Michigan ; graduated in medicine from the University of Pennsylvania in 1873 ; married Zippie Brooks of Ebnira, N. Y. , September 26, 1872 : has practiced medicine in Ebnira since 1873. James ]£. Malher, superinten- dent and part owner of the Steuben Sani- tarium at Hornellsville, N. Y., has won a high place in the medical profession, especially by his study and successful treatment of tuberculous diseases. The Steuben Sanitarium is a new establish- ment, but it has already attained high rank among the medical and surgical in- stitutions of the country. Since Dr. Walker bought an interest in the sani- tarium the buildings have been equipped with every modern improvement ; and it may be confidently predicted that the reputation of the institution as a health resort, though already much above the average, will grow rapidly. Dr. Walker has illustrated in his life the fact that a successful medical career is one never-ending course of study. His preliminary education was obtained in the common schools of his native county and in the State Normal School at Geneseo. He began his medical studies when eighteen years of age, graduated from the Cincinnati Medical College at twenty-two, and immediately began the practice of his profession at Arkport, Steuben countv. Though he rapidly built up an im- portant and a lucrative practice, he was by no means satisfied with such knowledge as he had gained at college, and had obtained by experience in his somewhat limited field. Within a few years he left his practice in charge of another physician and went to New York, where he spent several months in postgraduate work. Returning to Steuben county, he soon found his practice so large that he was obliged to keep another physician constantly in his service. In addition to his medical work he conducted MEN OF NFAV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 3:1 a drug store. He was favored by nature with a vigorous constitution, but his manifold duties proved too wearing, and finally, for the sake of rest, after having lived sixteen years in Arkport, he sold his entire property and practice, and moved to Buffalo. He now had more leisure for the |iursuit of the special studies to which he was strongly attracted. But it was not for long. Within a few months he accepted flattering inducements to enter the Ster- lingworth Sanitarium at Lakewood, N. Y. Here he remained about a year, taking charge of tubercular cases. He did much original work, making a spe- cialty of tuberculosis. The desire for more extended study of the methods employed abroad led him to give up his position and make a tri]5 to Europe. He went first to London, where he spent some, weeks in the Brompton Hospital fordi.seases of the chest, and took a course in bacteriology and microscopy at King's College. Next he visited Paris, spending much time in the hospitals. He studied especially the methods emploved in the Pasteur Insti- tute. From Paris he went to Cologne and Berlin, where he investigated the dis- coveries of Koch, and thence to Vienna. Here he remained for several months, doing special work. About this time the International Medical Congress met at Rome. Dr. Walker attended its .sessions, and was made a member of the congress. After his return to the United States he made a tour of this country, studying different climates and health re-sorts. When he finally returned to his home, therefore, he had so perfected himself that he was peculiarly fitted to take charge of the Steuben Sanitarium. He did this, accordingly, at the solicitation of friends in the profession. Dr. Walker is a member of the Horn- ellsville Medical and Surgical Association, the Steuben County Medical Society, the New York State Medical Association, and the American Medical Association, and has honorary meml)ership in several other professional societies. He is a Mason and a Noble of the Mystic Shrine, holding membership in the Hornellsville Lodge, F. & A. M., Steuben Chapter, DeMolay Conimandery of Horn- ellsville, and Ismailia Temple of Buffalo. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— James Everett Walker 7tias I'orn at Nil ihia, N. Y., May '21, 185^: 7uas edueated in coininoii schools ami Geneseo Normal Sehonl ; ;:;radi(atcil from the Cincinnati Medical Col- lege in 1S76 ; practiced medicine in Arkport, Steuben county, N. Y. , 1S70-92 ; traveled and studied in various European cities, 1893-94. ; lias been superin- tendent and part o^vner of the Steuben Sanitarium at Ldornellsville, N. K, since November, 180 J,-. EbWari) X. HDamS, editor of the Klmirn Daily Advertiser, is one of the most po|Jular mem- bers of his profession in the state. A genial, cul- tured gentleman, and an honest and independent journalist, he has gained in an unusual degree the respect and good will of his fellows, and has made his paper recognized as one of the best exponents of Republican politics and clean journalism in the Southern Tier. ED\\AIU> /. //'.MAS' Mr. Adams was born at Clarence, Erie county, where his father, Benjamin T. Adams, had settled in 1832. He is a descendant of Deacon John Adams, who became, in 178(1, the first white settler u MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION of the Holland Land Purchase. Mr. Adams attended the academy at Clarence, and afterward graduated from the State Normal School at Brockport, N. Y. He was ambitious to secure a college education, and was not deterred by the fact that funds for carrying out his desires were lacking. He entered the Univer- sity of Rochester, and worked his way through, graduating in the class of 1875. He made his first venture in the field of journalism at this time, by acting as rejiorter for the Rochester Democmf ami Chioiiiclf during the last two years of his college course. News]japer work proved congenial to him, and he evinced marked ability for it ; and when he left col- lege the same paper gladly made a place for him on its editorial staff. He became city editor, and held that responsible position until January 1, 1880, when he was compelled by ill health to give up for a time the exacting profession that he had chosen. He went to Bradford, Penn., and engaged in oil pro- duction in partnership with William L. Curtis. There he remained for two years, and in the more active, outdoor life he had undertaken, regained his health. At the end of that time the editorship of the Elmira Daily Advertiser became vacant, and Mr. Adams was urged by the owners of the ])aper — one of whom was his friend and college classmate, J. S. Fassett — to accept the position. He consented, and went to Elmira in the sjjring of 18,S2 to begin his new duties. Under his able management the Advertiser has grown and prospered, and has gained a rejjutation of which any editor might well be proud. Mr. .'Vdams is intensely American, a lover of justice and fair play, and a hater of sham ; and he has stamped his own strong individuality on his jiaper. Though a stcadlast Republican, he has avoided extremes of partisanship ; and his evident fairmindedness, united with never-failing courtesy, has gained for him hosts of friends in all jsarties. When he was appointed by Governor Morton a member of the board of state assessors, in November, 1895, political foes and friends alike united in endorsing the appoint- ment. Mr. Adams has long been a student of the problems of taxation, and it may confidently be expected that he will do good work on the board. This is not his first term of public service, as he was deputy collector of internal revenue in the 28th New York district from 1891 to 1895. He was also a member of the Republican state committee in 1890 and 1891. Mr. Adams possesses much literary ability, and in addition to his regular editorial work he has written occasional humorous poems and sketches of travel. He is vice president of the Republican Editorial Association of New York State. He at- tends the Park Church, Elmira, and is a member of Ivy Lodge, No. 397, F. & A. M., and of Alpha Delta Phi fraternity. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Edward Le- graiid Adams was born at Clarence, N. Y. , January 3, 1851 : ivas educated at the State N^ormal Sclwal at Brockport, N. K, and at the University of Rochester, from K'liich he i^radimted in 181.') ,• 7vas city editor of the Rochester ' ' Democrat and Chronicle, ' ' 1875-80; married Kate Linn Attoater of Elmira, X'. Y., Janu- ary 22, 1879 ; engaged in oil production at Bradford, Penn., 1880-82 ; loas appointed state assessor in 1895 for a term of three years ; has been editor of the Elmira " Daily Advertiser" since 1882. Jf re5eriCl% ]£. JBateS has served his country on the field of battle, in the arena of politics, and as a private citizen whose influence counts for progress and solid attainments. Born at Caroline, N. Y., the greater part of his active and useful life has been spent there, and the stamp of a strong personality has thus been indelibly impressed upon that com- munity. His education did not end with the common school, as did that of so many men who now look back with regret at their eagerness to leave their studies and begin earning money. The thrifty boy was wise enough to see that a little more time spent in study then would be a profitable investment, and he did not lay aside his books until he had taken a thorough course in Ithaca Academy and in Char- lotteville Seminary. At the outbreak of the Civil War Mr. Bates iden- tified himself prominently with the cause of the Union, and later enlisted in company B, 179th regiment, serving until the close of the war. With the reticence that distinguishes many old soldiers, he talks little about this period of his career. His ex]jerience was like that of thousands of other brave men, requiring undaunted courage and stern physical endurance. When he was mustered out of service at Elmira, by order of the war department, in 1865, he was not among the unfortunate men who were so disabled by the deprivations they had long endured or by bodily injuries, as to be unfitted for active life. Making his home in Ithaca, he gave his attention to mercantile pursuits, and accumulated in eight years a comfortable fortune. He then returned to his native town, and invested some of his money in an extensive farm. The work proved most congenial, and as he conducted it on scientific jjrinciples the results were correspondingly gratifying. The ra])idlv increasing profits were MEiV OF A'Eir yORK—C//EMUNG SECT/ON 35 invested in other farm lands, and he now has some six hundred acres under cultivation. He improves his property with well-constructed, commodious buildings, and points with pardonable pride to the barns on his Caroline homestead as equal to the best in Tompkins county. There is an air of comfort and prosperity, as well as evidence of the most careful oversight, in all his estates. In addition to the cares of such extensive farming, the building of a roller mill at Brookton of fifty-barrel capacity and its superintendence for a year, are among Mr. Bates's achievements. His industry is tireless, and his success uninterrupted. His fellow-citizens at Caroline, rec- ognizing his superior executive ability, elected him supervisor of the town, and he served in this capacity four years. In the fall of 1XH5 he was nominated for member of assembly on the Republican ticket, and received 3941 votes against 2756 for the Democratic candidate, 375 for the Prohiliitionist, and 81 for the Populist. Such a victory shows con- clusively the esteem in which he is held in his district. Mr. Bates is a member of Hobasco Lodge, No. 710, at Ithaca, and a charter member of David Ireland Post, (.',. A. R., at Brookton. Mr. Bates is a man of public spirit and progressive ideas, and is ably seconded in all his undertakings by his accom- plished wife. Mrs. Bates is a graduate of Wheaton College, and received the degree of Bachelor of Divinity from Oberiin Theological Seminary ; and for two years previous to her marriage was the pastor of the Congregational Church at Brookton, N. Y. She also took an active part in the Congress of Representative Women held in Chicago in connection with the World's Fair. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G V— Frederick E. Bates was born at Caroline, N. K, May 4, 184'3 ; tuas educated in public schools, Ithaca Academy, and Charlottevillc Seminary ; served in the Civil War, 180Jf-G5 ; married Juanita Breckcnridge of Neio Windsor, III, September 2~ , 189S ; 7oas elected mem- ber of assembly in 1S95 ; has been engaged in mercan- tile business and farming since 1865. of the Elmira Telegram, a conspicuous newspaper succe,ss. Mr. Brooks is now in the prime of life, absorbed in his work, and already reaps the bene- fit of years of hard labor. The toil and drudgery of the profession have come to a happy fruition in his case. 1l3arrV> Saver BrOOftS of Klmlra is one of the best-known newspaper men in southern or western New York. He is the owner and publisher FREDERICI^ E. BATES He was born at Waverly, N. Y., August 2, 1852. In l.S(i() he removed with his parents to Elmira, where he attended the public schools, graduating in l.Sd!) from the I'Mmira Free Academy. He at once set about learning the printer's trade, beginning his apijrenticeship in the job rooms of the Elmira Gazette during the first year of David B. Hill's ownership of that paper. Mr. Brooks proved himself a capable workman, and shortly after his release from the apprenticeship he was appointed superintendent of the news- and job-composing rooms. His taste as a printer was of a high order, and the job department of the Gazette was for some years noted for its artistic perfection. Having mastered the technitpie of news- paper making and of fine printing and composing, he 30 MEN OF NEJV YORK—CHEMrXG SECT/OA next entered the countingroom, and was made secre- tary of the company. He had for a time entire charge of the business de])artment. Later on he took a chair in the editorial department of the Gazette, and there achieved a national reputation as a paragrapher, being one of the first to introduce and Jf.t/ikV .SAVER UROOk'S make popular that feature of journalism. He was the eonfiere, equal, and friend of such paragraphers and humorists as Ike Gregory, the editor of /in/i^e, and others. Years ago iVTr. Brooks and the late Eugene Field were chums and mutual admirers. When Mr. lirooks left the Gazette he abandoned his famed "Popular Paragraphs," and founded the Elmira Telegram, thereby beginning the accumulation of a fortime. In May, 1879, the first issue of the Telegram apjieared, and the jiaper was from the start a journalistic and financial success. In its inception Mr. Brooks was its busine.ss and editorial manager. He soon purchased the interests of his associates, and thereby acquired complete ownership and control of what was chiefly his own creation. The Te/eisrain was imiquc among Sunday jiapers, and was the first to fiirnish a local edition for the cities, sections, and territories in which it was circulated. Mr. Brooks also established two other papers, one at Albany, N. Y., and the other at Harrisburg, Penn., both of which were highly successful and profitable. These papers, the successful establishment of which shows Mr. Brooks's enter]irise and lacility in organization, are not now imder his management, having been sold by him at handsome figures. He is now wholly devoted to the interests of the Palmira Telegram, on which he bestows all his time and study, seeking to make the paper a fitting monument to his in- dustry and pains. Con.sequently, he has made himself a factor in Elmira, and an influence for good throughout the state. In days gone by Mr. Brooks was ac- tively interested in athletics, and now, in more mature years, he retains an interest in all legitimate sports, and is always ready to advance innocent pleasure and healthful pastimes. He is a great lover of horses, and always owns several of the best to be seen in Elmira. He is a genial gentleman, and a member of various social and fraternal societies, including . the City Club, the Cen- tury Club, the P^lks, and the Knights of Pythias. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — f-Tarry Sayer Brooks was born at Waverly, N. Y. , August S, 1852 ; rcas educateel at Waverly High School and Elmira Eree Aeadeinv : settleil in Elmira in 1SG6, and learned the printer s trade : married Alice A. Eiihcr of Lake Ridge, N. Y., Septem- lerO, 1S7!) : established the Elmira ''Tele- gram ' ' in May, 1S70, and has been its owner and general manager ever since. (SCOrge B. CurtiSS, whose recent treatise on the tariff has brought him deservedly into promi- nence, has been for twenty years a resident of Bing- hamton. Born in Livingston county. New York, he was taken to Illinois by his parents in early childhood, and there brought up on a farm. His education was received in the West, but in IXTfi he returned to his native state, and settled at Binghamton. For the next four years he divided his time between teaching in Lowell's Business College and reading law ; and in May, l.SSO, he was admitted to the bar at the MEiV OF XEir VORk'—CNEAfUNC SECT/OX 37 General Term of the Supreme Court hekl at Ithaca. Beginning at once the practice of his profession, he was quickly recognized as a lawyer of unusual ability. Three years after his admission to the bar he was elected district attorney of Broome county, and held the office for six years. Since his retire- ment from that office he has devoted his whole time to his private practice, and has appeared in most of the important cases in the county. Mr. Curtiss pos.se.sses unusual natural ability, and a clear compre- hension of legal principles ; but he attributes his success in great part to untiring energy, perseverance, and industry. He has been willing to work, and to work hard ; and this fact, not less than natural ability, doubtless explains the prominent place he occupies at the Broome-county bar. Outside the practice of his profession Mr. Curtiss has been a wide reader, especially on historical, political, and economic sub- jects ; and he has established a reputation as a writer. Reference has already been made to his treatise on the tariff. This work, entitled " Protection and Prosper- ity," is the most exhaustive treatise in favor of a protective tariff that has yet \ been written. It is a bulky volume of ' 900 pages, and evidences a vast amount of painstaking research. The .subject is 1 treated in a thoroughly comprehensive manner, and with great ability and skill ; and the work will no doubt become a rec- ognized authority on the tariff question. Its high merit is attested by the fact that William McKinley, Thomas B. Reed, and Levi P. Morton have all written intro- ductions to the book, thus giving it the stamp of approval of the leaders of the great jiolitical party that has espoused the cause of protection. Mr. Curtiss has for years been honor- ably active in politics, aiding his part)' with both tongue and pen ; l)\it, aside from his service as district attorney, he has never held political office. Profes- sional duties, home and social pleasures, and an active and heartv interest in the affairs of the community where he lives, '■ have occupied his whole time and at- tention ; and he has not sought polit- ical preferment. In private life he is a most cordial, genial gentleman, and worthy citi- zen. He is a member of the State Bar Associa- tion, and of Otseningo Lodge, Free and Accepted Masons. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— George Boughton Curtiss was born at Mount Morris, N. Y. , September 16, 1852 : ivas edueated in Illinois ; luiis admitted to the bur at Ithaca, N. Y. , in 18S0 ; was elected district attorney in 188S, and held the office six years ; married Mary D. Bliss of Lisle, N. Y. , May 1, 1888 ; has practiced law at Binghamton, N. Y, since 1880. XOUiS IDubl affords by his career abundant proof of the truth of Emerson's aphorism that Amer- ica is opportunity. Mr. Duhl is a native of Kreuz- nach, Cermany, and came to this country when a boy. His education was received in the high school of his native city. The rejiorts that made their way to Kreuznach of the advantages of a new country had created in him a strong desire to better his condition GEORGE B. CURTISS by transferring his allegiance to a land where all men are equal before the law. f lermany has given us a large proportion of our citizens, and they rank among the highest in point of intelligence, industry, and 38 MEN OF NEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECT/ON patriotism ; and Mr. Diihl's character and career illustrate this fact. Mr. Duhl was seventeen years old when he came to America and settled in Elniira, N. Y. He had an ambition to make his way in the world, and establish himself in business. How fully this ambition has t LOC/S DUHL been satisfied, not only in achieving mercantile suc- cess, but also in gaining the resiiect and confidence of his fellow-citizens, is best indicated by the positions he has been elected to fill in commercial enterprises and in the body politic. He embarked in Inisiness in his own name when only twenty-two years of age, and successfully conducted a wholesale and retail ice business in Elmira. In a few years this enterprise grew to such proportions that in conjunction with several others he organized the Elmira Ice Co., one of the strongest concerns of its kind outside of New York city. Mr. Duhl has been general manager and treasurer of the company since its organization. One success frequently leads to another, and Mr. Duhl has cultivated with sjilendid results other fields of commercial activity. In recent years he has given much time and attention to brick making, and has be- come a stockholder and director in the Empire Brick Manufacturing Co., as well as one of the directors of the newly organized Horseheads Brick Co., located at Horseheads, N. Y. A man of Mr. Duhl's ]jrominence in _, business has necessarily a wide personal influence, which political managers are quick to utilize by party nominations to important offices. Mr. Duhl is an active and earnest Democrat, and has repre- sented his party in the Elmira board of aldermen. Later he served as park com- missioner during Mayor Robinson's ad- ministration. He has always been a warm admirer and courageous supporter of Mr. Cleveland, and was conspicuous in the ranks of the President's New York followers in the contest of 1892. Mr. Duhl joined the "Anti -Snappers "in that year, and was chosen a delegate to their state convention. The result of that movement is now matter of general his- tory, and Mr. Duhl's important part therein entitles him to credit as an in- dependent man and a loyal friend. Such is his reputation in business ranks and in social and political circles. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Louis Duhl was born at Kreuziiacli, Ger- many, October 7, 1S52 ; icas ei/ueateit in the public schools ; came to America atid settled in Elmira, N. Y. , in 1869 ; mar- ried Harriet A. Bivwn of Elmira October 1, 1S70 ; 7Cias elected alder/nan in 1885 : rcas appointed /a r/c commissioner in 1892 : has been general manager and treasurer of the Elmira Lee Co., L' t'd, since 188. i. XTbOtUaS S. jf lOOC* has been for years a con- spicuous figure in the Inisiness and political circles of Elmira and the surrounding counties. Men do not achieve notable .success in any line of activity with- out self-reliance, personal courage, and the power of prompt decision. These traits of character are con- spicuous in the Flood family, which has long been prominent in the Southern Tier. Mr. Flood's father was a physician, who moved to Elmira when Thomas was but ten years old. A man of decided character and marked ability, he exerted a strong influence upon the community, where he filled the office of mayor at one time in addition to his professional duties. He taught his sons the .UEA OF \En- VORK—CHEAfUNG SECT/OX 39 valuable lesson of the necessity of patient, persistent, determined industry in whatever they undertook. All of Dr. Flood's sons were recjuired to read medicine under the supervision of their father ; and all but Thomas followed in their father's footsteps and became physicians. The profession was not attractive to Thomas, and at the age of twenty-one he became a clerk in a drug store, where he turned his medical knowledge to good account. After three years he opened a similar store of his own ; and this he has conducted ever since, notwithstand- ing the many other undertakings in which he has engaged. In 1874 Mr. Flood received a flattering offer to go to Dubois, Penn., to manage the extensive lumber and other interests of John Dubois, the founder of the town. Here he found a fair field for the exer- cise of his sound judgment and executive ability, and during the years that he spent in Pennsylvania he systematized and greatly enlarged the extensive lumber, coal, manufacturing, and mercantile in- terests committed to his charge. After several years he returned to Elmira, and again devoted himself to his drug busi- ness, which had been carried on by em- ployees during his absence. He also turned his attention to horse raising, and was very successful. But he was soon recalled to Pennsylvania to straighten out the affairs of the town where he had already done so good work. He accom- plished the task satisfactorily, and again returned to Elmira. Mr. Flood had long been a zealous Republican, and was recognized in his party as a wise counselor, but so far his only public office had been that of alder- man. He had scarcely resumed his place in Elmira when, in 1886, he was nomi- nated for representative in the .50th con- gress. Although his district was strongly Democratic, he won a signal victory, carrying every county against an able op- ponent of state-wide reputation. Mr. Flood's career as a congressman displayed the same ability and careful attention to detail that had characterized his private life ; and at the close of his term of office he was renominated without oppo- sition, and elected by an increased majority. During his residence at Washington Mr became largely interested in the Maryland &: Vir- ginia Steamboat Co. He was elected president of the company, and for several years was its general manager. In 1.S91 he was chosen trustee and vice president of the Elmira Savings Bank. He has also large real-estate interests in Elmira. Mr. Flood is strong in his attachments to friends, both personal and political, and never forgets a ser- vice rendered or a kindness shown. He is actively interested in all that concerns the best good of Elmira, and is one of the sons of whom the city is justly proud. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Thomas S. Flood 7ejas born at Lodi, Seneca county, N. Y. , April 12, ISJfli. : was educated in the public schools and Elmira Free Academy ; began work as clerk in a drug store at Elmira, N. Y. , in 1865, and established there, in 18G8, a drug business that he has conducted CTcr since ; married Frances Miller of FJiiiira June THO.V.-IS i\ FLOOD Flood 2.?, 1870 : raas engaged in lumber and other business at Dubois, Penn. , 187^-79 ; was a member of the 50th and 51st congresses, 1887-91 ; has been trustee and vice president of the Elmira Savings Bank since. 1891. 40 MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECT/ON EtCVail ailtOUiO jf UerteS may not be able to claim, like Themistocles of Greece, that he could make a small city great, but he has been able to make a large city healthful. As director of the College of Civil Engineering of Cornell University, he has struck out from the beaten paths of instruc- tion, and has developed systems of study and work directly bearing on the ]ieculiar economic and indus- trial conditions of the United States. The innova- tions in his department at Cornell, though regarded as radical at first, have since been adopted in the leading scientific institutions of Europe and America. To-day laboratory work is required in all technical schools of repute ; but it was Cornell Uni- versity that led the way, in 1873. Professor Fuertes began his service at Cornell in that year, when he was ajipointed dean of the department of engineer- ing. In 1889 he was ])romoted to the office of director, a post that he still occupies with dis- tinguished personal success and to the renown of the college. Professor Fuertes is an American citizen, though a Spaniard by birth — a native of St. John's, Porto Rico, W. I. He has had an interesting and a varied professional career. He was educated in classical studies at the Conciliar Seminary of S. Yldefonso, where he received the degrees of Ph. B. and Ph. D. Subsecjuently he came to the United States, and took a course at the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute at Troy, from which he graduated as a civil engineer in the cla.ss of 18G0. After comjjleting his studies in this country he returned to the West Indies, and served first as assistant director, and then as director of public works, in the western district of Porto Rico. Three years later he returned to this country, and accepted a jjosition as assistant engineer of the Croton aijueduct for the .supply of water to New York cit)'. He soon rose to the position of engineer of the board having in charge that important work. After six years of service he was discharged in person by the notorious Tweed, who coveted the oi)portunitics for dishonest gains in the engineer's department, and who found himself balked by Professor Fuertes. The whirligig of time, however, brought its appropriate compensations, for on the downfall of the Tweed Ring Professor Fuertes was elected engineer to the commissioners appointed by the state legislature to investigate the frauds of the corruptionists. Meanwhile Professor Fuertes had been to Mexico, under apjjointment by President Grant, as chief en- gineer of the expedition to Tehuantepec and Nicaragua, to determine the practicability of a ship canal across the isthmus of Tehuantepec. After de- voting a year and a half to this work, he returned to New York and opened an office as consulting en- gineer. Recognized as an authority on engineering matters, he attained |)rofessional .success at the start ; and he withdrew from active practice only to accept the highly attractive position in Cornell University already mentioned. There he has labored incessantly for higher standards of instruction and work, and has been a stimulating force in the life and character of the scientific students. There is much in the career of Professor Fuertes to impress young men. He is more than a mere theorizer ; he is pre- eminently a practical man, one who has applied the teaching of science to the everyday problems of cities. It was in this field that he achieved a great engineer- ing feat. As everybody knows, the cur.se of cities located in tropical latitudes is bad sanitation. Yellow fever and other virulent diseases stalk abroad annuallv, and gather in thousands of victims before their fiu'v is spent. Among the most ill-starred of tropical cities at one time was Santos in Brazil. Yellow fever and smallpox had decimated the peojile. The death rate from these causes in one year had reached the awful figure of 205 deaths per 1,000 of the poinilation. From its situation and natural ad- vantages, Santos should be one of the healthiest cities of South America. Though the largest coffee port in the world, its growth had been checked by re- peated pestilences, and the government and people despaired of finding relief from these visitations. In their helplessness they turned to science, and made a proposition to Profcs.sor Fuertes to come to Brazil, and establish a system of public wojks that would, so far as human efforts could avail, decrease the fright- ful mortality. He was given full charge, with authority to burn and build the city anew wherever such steps should be essential to success. The scope of the work included the construction of wharves, quarantine buildings and disinfecting plant, hos|)itals for the various contagious diseases, the improvement of the harbor, and finally a system of drainage, sewers, and waterworks. On the completion of this great undertaking Santos will be one of the safest trading ports in the Western hemisphere. Whole blocks were condemned, and will be rebuilt on sani- tary principles, new parks and cemeteries were to be laid out, public halls erected, streets paved, and private habitations improved and placed under hy- gienic regulations. The herculean task is employing many kinds of engineers and an army of laborers, to complete the work designed by Professor Fuertes. Two years of hard labor were devoted to the task of studying the problems involved. For this purpose \isits were made to the sanitary works of Europe and MEN OF XEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION 41 America ; and such specialists as Rudolph Hering and James Fuertes, the professor's son and pupil, helped to crown the work with complete success. The details of the undertaking have been set forth in a voluminous report by Professor Fuertes, in which he estimates that the saving in money to the city in five years will be nearly three and a halt million dollars, not to speak of the lives saved and suffering averted by the im- provements. For his services in planning and executing this vast series of compli- cated works, Professor Fuertes received the largest fee ever paid to a civil engi- neer — four per cent net of the total cost of the undertaking, estimated at nearly S4,000,000. Professor Fuertes is a member of many learned societies in various countries, has been decorated by foreign governments, and is the author of many scientific pub- lications. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Ettvan An /oh id Fuertes vuis born at St. Johns, Porto Rico, W. /., May 10, ISilS .■ received the degrees of Ph. B. and Ph. D. from the Conciliar Seminary of S. Yldcfonso: f;raduatcd from the Rensselaer Polytechnic [n^titute, Troy, in 1800 ; married Alary Stone Perry of Troy December 22, 18(10 ; was assistant director and director of public works in Porto Rico, 1861-64, """' assistant engineer of the Croton aque- duct, and engineer of the Croton aque- duct board. New York, ISOJf-lO ; went to Cornell University, Ithaca, in 1873, as dean of the department of civil en- gineering, and has been director of the College of Civil Enxineering there since 1889. Samuel S). 1E)alli5a5 has spent his life in Tompkins county, New York. His lot has been cast along congenial lines among tViends and neigh- bors, by whom he is held in high respect. His early years were passed in the town of Dryden, where he was born. His education was begun in the district school at that ]ilace, but he was prepared for college at Ithaca Academy, from which he grad- uated in l.SGC. He entered the so|)honiore class of Hamilton College in the fall of the same year. When Cornell University opened its doors, Mr. Halliday was one of the first to enter his name on the roll of students. This was in TSfiS. He grad uated from Cornell in 1870, with the degree of Bachelor of Arts. He then turned his attention to the law, and upon passing the requisite examinations at once began the practice of that ])rofession. On January 1, 1872, he opened an office in Ithaca, which has since been his home. There he has iden- tified himself with all that pertains to the welfare of ETEV.4N .-i.XTOXrO FUERTES the community, and has long been recognized as one of the foremost citizens of the place. Mr. Halliday has been and is to-day in great favor with the people of Tompkins county, who have on more than one occasion given evidence ol the fact in their bestowment of political honors. This is all the more noteworthy from the circumstance that Tompkins is a Republican county, while Mr. Hal- liday is a strong Democrat. His first political office was that of district attorney, to which he was elected in 1873 by a majority of 4ir) votes. He had the further honor at that time of being the first Demo- cratic county official elected in Tompkins county for over twenty years. He took office on the first of January, 1874, and in the following spring was 42 ME\ OF XEir YORK— CHEMUNG SECT/ON also chosen corporation counsel of Ithaca, a position that he held for a number of years. His service as district attorney was of short duration, for in the fall of 187") he was elected a member of the assembly from the county. This honor came to him prac- tically unsolicited, since he spent the summer of that SA.\fiEL D. HALL/DAY year in European travel, and did not return to make the usual preliminary canvass. His nomina- tion followed almost immediately upon his return home. Before taking his seat in the legislature he resigned the office of district attorney, but retained that of corporation counsel of Ithaca. He took an active part in the legislature of 1876, and was looked upon as a strong and an able man. He became very much attached to the political fortunes of Gov- ernor Samuel J. Tilden, and was a delegate to the convention that nominated him as the presidential candidate of the Democratic party. He took an active part in the canvass that followed, and did much to increase the Democratic vote of his part of the state. In 1877 he was elected to a second term in the legislature, and served with distinction throughout the sessions of 1878. Mr. Halliday has been much interested in the great university that has given the city of Ithaca a world-wide renown, and served for several years as a trustee of the institution. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Samuel Dumont Halliday was horn at Dry den, Totnpkins county, N. Y., January 7, 1S4'7 : i^raduated from Cornell Uni- Tersity in 1870 ; was district attorney of Tompkins county, 1874-7-'>, and memher of assemlily in llie lej^islaturcs of 1870 and 1878 ; married Jennie Leonard of Union Springs, N. Y., June 30, 1881; has prac- ticed laiv in Jtliaca, N. Y. , since 1872. Stepben XT. IbaVt, when asked by an interviewer, " In what have you been especially interested outside of your busi- ness?" promptly replied, "The growth and prosperity of the city of Corning." When he took up his residence there, a lad of ten years, most of the land now occupied by the city was a dense forest. A little over half a century has elapsed since then, and Corning now boasts of extensive manufactories in various lines, including stoves, glass, and railroad cars, while its population has reached 11,000. The lumber business is one of the most prolific sources of income, vast ijuantities of timber, shingles, and staves passing over the railroad system that terminates there, and through the feeder that con- nects with the Erie canal. The lumber industry is that with which Mr. Hayt has been most closely identified. In the schools of Ithaca and Patterson he prepared himself to enter Kno.wille Academy, an institution in what was then Painted Post, within the present limits of Corning. Leaving school at si.\teen, he began working steadily and saving systematically. All the time he had a fixed purpose in view — to o|)en a store of his own — and four years later he purchased his stock. It contained all sorts of wares, from crockery to wearing apparel, and was the old-time counterpart of the modern dry -goods emporium. In seven years he had accumulated enough cajiital to warrant a bolder venture, and accordingly he formed a partnership with Benjamin A. Towner, a dealer in lumber. Mr. Towner conducted an office in Albany, and his partner furnished the yard with lumber from the neia;hV)orhood of Corning. This arrangement ME.X OF .XEir yORk-—CHEArUXG SECT/OX 43 continued for sixteen years, when Mr. Hayt formed a partnership with Alexander Olcott in the milling and plaster business. The firm was dissolved in a few months, and the work has been carried on alone by Mr. Hayt ever since. He has also given a large share of his attention to farming. Among the proofs of his interest in the adminis- trative affairs of his adojited city is term after term of service as supervisor. An earnest believer in the need of elevating the standard of the public schools, he has had ample opportunity, as a member of the board of education, to carry out his ideas. In LSfi.i and in LSC.") his district, then the 27th, elected him to the upper house of the state legisla- ture. The records .show that he was faithful to the best interests of his constituents. In IcSlitJ he was elected canal commissioner on the ticket headed by (lovernor Fenton. He has been sent as a delegate to four national conventions — that of l.SOO, which nominated Lincoln ; of 1808, which called for the war hero, Cleneral Clrant ; of 1884, whose choice was the " Plumed Knight " ; and of 1888, which nominated ISenjamin Harrison. Mr. Hayt has long been a member of the Presbyterian Congregation, and has contributed liberally to its support. In early life he became an Odd Fellow, and is a loyal adherent to the jirinciples of that benevolent and social order. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Stephen Thurston Hayt was born at Pat- terson, N. Y., June S, 1823: 7cias edu- cated in Knoxville Academy, Painted Post, N. v.; conducted a genera/ store at Corning, N. Y., ] 8^3-50 ; married Margaret Corn- stock Townsend of Palmyra, N. Y. , No- vember 19, 1856 ; engaged in the lumber business, 1851-€7 ; was elected state senator in 1863 and in 1865, and canal commissioner in 1866 ; 7aas a delegate to the Republican national conventiofis of 1860, 1868, 1881^, and 1888 ; has con- ducted a milling and plaster business at Coming since 1868. Jonas Jacobs has done much to disprove the assertion that success in the medical profession can be attained only after long years of patient effort. Though still a long way from the prime of life, and comparatively a newcomer in Elniira, he occupies already a prominent position in the professional and social life of the city. Dr. Jacobs was born in New York city little more than thirty years ago. Had he passed his youth there he would doubtless have succumbed to the fascination that the great metropolis exerts over all who come within its influence for any length of time, and would have chosen it as the field for his pro- fessional labors. But he was taken to New Haven when a child, and it was there, in the congenial environment of a college town, that his general edu- cation was obtained. After graduating from the Hillhouse High School, he studied for two years in the Yale Medical School. He then spent one term at the University Medical College in New York, and finally entered the College of Physicians and Surgeons at Baltimore, where he graduated and received his degree. The young physician had decided to Ijegin his professional career in Brooklyn, and on completing STEPHEX E HAYT his medical studies he at once opened an oftice in that city. He had scarcely established himself there, however, when he was attracted by a most favorable opening that presented itself in the city of Elmira ; 44 .1/£'A' OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION and accordingly, in the fall of 1X80, he took up his residence there. An ambitious young man finds many advantages in the smaller cities. There is plenty of room for growth and development, for jnish and energy ; and yet the smaller number of com- petitors for fame and fortune renders succe.ss somewhat of his fellow-citizens. He also holds the office of medical e.xaminer for a number of associations, among them the Northwestern Masonic Life Association of Chicago, the National Life Insurance Co. of Vermont, the Washington Life Insurance Co. of New York city, and the New York Life Insurance Co. Dr. Jacobs is an enthusiastic believer in the benefits of fraternal societies, as is evidenced by the great number of such organizations with which he is connected. He is a member of Ivy Lodge of Free and Accepted Masons, the order of Ellks, the Kipiitable Aid Union, the order of United Friends, the B'nai B'rith, and the Im- proved Order of Red Men. In this latter organization he is Past Sachem of Tomoka Tribe, No. 128, and a Creat Representa- tive to the Great Council of the United States. In scientific circles Dr. Jacobs is equally well known. He is a member of the Academy of Medicine, the Patho- logical Society, and the Academy of Sciences, all of Elmira, and president of the Chemung County Medical Society. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Jonas Jacobs was born at New York cil\ November 15, 18G2 ; ivas educated in public schools, and graduated from the Col- lege of Physicians and Surgeons, Balti- more, in ISSG ; loas elected coroner of the city of Elmira, N Y. , in 1SS8, 7t'as ap- pointed health inspector in 1889, and has been city physician since 1891 ; has prac- ticed medicine in Elmira since 1886. JUA'AS JACU/iS less difficult of attainment than in the great centers of population. The ten years' residence of Dr. Jacobs in Elmira has been fruitful of results. He has devoted himself to the duties of his jirofession with characteristic energy and determination, and his efforts have been well repaid. He has built up a large and successful practice, and has won a prominent position in local affairs. Two years after going to the city he wa.s elected coroner. The following year he was a|)- pointed health inspector of Elmira, and in 1891 he was appointed city physician, and surgeon to the fire and police dejiartments and to the civil-service board. He has held these positions ever since, and has dis- charged their many duties to the entire satisfaction (BeOrflC ]£. priest is a leading citizen of Tompkins county, and the edi- tor and part owner of that flourishing newspaper, the \\haca. Journal. With all things pertaining to the welfare of the famous univer- sity city in which he lives, Mr. Priest has been closely identified. His faith in the future of Ithaca is great, and he has done much to develop that jjlace from a small village to the present bustling metropolis of Tompkins county. He ha.s devotedly and unstintedly given time, labor, and means to the physical and civic upbuilding of the city. His efforts in this direction have met with success, and have received marked a])]irol)ation from his fellow- citizens. Both personally and in the columns of the Journal he has been an earnest and a ])ersistent advocate of such municipal improvements as modern public buildings, sewers, paving, electric lights, rapid transit, public ]iarks, l)oule^■ards, and MEN OF NEW VORK— CHEMUNG SECT/ON 45 manufactures — in fact, all things that contribute to the material welfare of a wide-awake American city. In these directions and in others he has steadfastly proved himself to be the ideal citizen. Mr. Priest spent nine years in the jiublic schools and the academy at Auburn, N. Y. Though a life- long student of men and affairs, he says of him.self : " Education not yet completed ; no diploma, no degrees." The progre.ssive, growing man never finds his education completed. The absence of diplomas and degrees does not mean that a man is not educated, as the example of Mr. Priest clearly proves. He has been an editor in active service for eighteen years, during which the bound files of his paper comprise fifty-four volumes. The dullest of men, by mere unconscious absorption, must have profited from such a school of discipline as that ; while a man of Mr. Priest's native ability, industry, and mental energy could not fail to obtain the finest kind of education from a course of training so thorough. For three years, beginning in LSdo, Mr. Priest read law in Ithaca, whither he had moved in IfSli'i. But he found this profession uncongenial, and he made no application for membership in the bar. Drifting into jmlitics, he became deputy county clerk of Tompkins county, hold- ing the office in 1870. Later in that year, after Alonzo B. Cornell was made surveyor of the port of New York liy Cleneral Grant, Mr. Priest was ajipointed to a place in the special agency of the treasury department in the customhouse at New York city. There he remained until July, 1874. Fortunately he realized that ofifice-holding offers few inducements to the ambitious young man who has his way to make in the world, and he there- fore returned to Ithaca and engaged in business. It was in February, 1877, that with several associates he bought the Ithaca y(W/vw/. Here he found himself engaged in a calling congenial and ultimately profitable. Mr. Priest, with his present partner, C. M. Benjamin, has devoted himself untiringly to his news- paper property, and has attained abund- ant success. Both the daily and weekly editions of the Joiinial are ncws))apers of much power and influence in the territory covered. Though Mr. Priest has held no elective political office, he is a factor in Rejiublican politics in his part of the state. No im])ortant move is made by party managers there without his advice and counsel. At one time his friends made him a candidate for the state senatorial nomination, and his name caused a three weeks' deadlock in the convention. Mr. Priest is fond of society, and is a frequent visitor at the various organizations in which he has membership. PERSONAL CHR ONOLOG V— George Eugene Priest was born at Anlnirii, N'. Y. , June 25, IfiJfS : studied law, Init did lutt apply for admission to the Ihir : married Amelia E. Burritt of Ithaca, N. Y., October 22, 1S05 ; was deputy county clerk of Tompkins county in 1870 ; sen>ed in the special agency of the treasury department at New York city, 1870-7 ^ ; has been editor and part cnciner of the fthaea ' fournal ' ' since 1877. GEORGE E. PRIEST XcrO\? G. tl0C>&, "ho was elected mayor of the city of Ithaca in March, 1805, is a native of Tompkins county, and has lived there always. He brought to the duties of the mayoralty an intelligent 46 MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION appreciation of its responsibilities, and a thorough acquaintance with the needs and possibilities of the community, acquired through a residence of over twenty years in Ithaca. The ([uaHties that enable a man to manage his own business prudently, saga- ciously, and successfully are just the qualities needed LEROV a. TODD for the successful conduct of municipal affairs ; and thus the energetic, experienced business man, rather than the professional politician, is best fitted for responsible public offices. Mr. Todd was born at Newfield, Tompkins county, in the mid year of the century. He at- tended the district schools at the neighboring town of West Danby, and then took a course at Ithaca Academy. His education ended, he taught school for a .short time, and then obtained employment as clerk and telegraph operator in a general store at Pond Eddy, Sullivan county. After remaining there a little more than two years, he returned to Tomp- kins county in 1872, and in the following March took up his residence at Ithaca. His experience at Pond Eddy had convinced him that mercantile life was his vocation, and he now became general sales- man in the dry-goods house of Marsh & Hall. He remained with this firm ten years, and thoroughly familiarized himself with all the details of such an establishment. At the end of this time he helped to organize the firm of Hawkins, Todd & Co., successors to Hawkins, Finch & Co., dry-goods merchants, in Ithaca. In February, 1890, Mr. Rounseville, the " Co." of the firm, retired from the busi- ness, and it has since been conducted under the name of Hawkins & Todd. Mr. 'I'odd has always been a loyal citi- zen, interested in public affairs, and willing to devote time and thought to the welfare of the community where he has lived. His first ])ublic office was held in 188(J and 1887, when he acted as trustee of what was then the village of Ithaca. Later, in 1893-95, he represented the city of Ithaca on the board of supervisors of Tomjikins county. He was thus well qualified to discharge the duties of mayor of the city, when subsequently elected to that office. Business cares and pulilic duties have occupied Mr. Todd's attention to the exclusion of any marked outside interests ; but he has not allowed himself to become so absorbed thereby as to neglect the social side of his nature. He is a member of Ho- basco Lodge, No. 716, Free and Accepted Masons ; Eagle Chapter, No. 58, Ro3al .\rch Masons ; St. Augustine Command - ery. No. 38 ; Cascadilla Lodge, No. 89, Knights of Pythias, of Ithaca ; and Damas- cus Temple, Order of the Mystic Shrine, Rochester. He belongs, also, to Tornado Hook and Ladder Company, Ithaca fire department. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Leroy Goyne Todd was horn at N^fwfiehl, N. Y., September 17, 1850 ; was educated in the district schools and at Lthaca (iV. K ) Academy ; was clerk and telegrapli operator at Pond Eddy, N. Y., 1869-72; went to Ithaca in 1873, and acted as sa/esman in a dry-goods store until 1883 ; was village trustee of Ithaca, 1886-87, member of the board of supervisors, 1893-95, and was elected mayor in Alarch, 1895 ; has conducted a dr\-s;oods store at Ithaca since 1883. CauinCB M. MellingtOn has scaled the ladder of successful enterprise, and from an errand bov in a countrv store has become a banker and MEN OF XFAV YORK —CHEMUNG SECTION 47 capitalist. His father came from the Green Moun- tain State, and settled at Moriah, Essex county, N. Y., in the early jiart of the century. There Quincy was born in 183:i. The opportunities afforded by a district school fifty years ago were meager indeed. The curriculum was limited to the " three R's," usually taught by some bright collegian who had taken up teaching as a stepping-stone to a profession. Mr. Wellington's school training con- sisted of this rudimentary drill, but like many others he made this foundation support a lofty structure of varied knowledge gathered in later years. After obtaining all the education afforded by the district school, Mr. Wellington spent several years in Pennsylvania as a clerk in mercantile houses, and for a time conducted a business of his own with the aid of a partner. When a little past his majority he went to Corning, N. Y., in the service of the New York & Lake Erie railroad. , He terminated his connection with this road to enter a field for which, as events , have proved, he was well fitted. He en- i tered the employ of the (iCO. Washington [ Bank at Corning in 1S59, and after three years' practical training in that institution he organized, in com])any with Samuel Russell, the lianking house of Q. W. Wellington & Co. For more than thirty years this concern has received the sup]jort and confidence of Coming's business men and citizens generally. Mr. Russell retired from the firm many years ago, and Mr. Wellington subsequently as.so- ciated with him in the business his son, ex-Mayor Wellington. No profession or vocation demands a higher order of talent or more upright standards of morality than that of bank- ing and financiering. The care and in- vestment of other people's money, the fluctuations of the markets, the sliding scale of adjustment needed to meet the shrinkage and expansion of a commu- nity's commercial operations, impose re- ! sponsibility and labor that none can undertake and maintain year after year unless specially equipped for that purpose. I Mr. Wellington fortunately possesses the requisite talents, together with the tact so valuable and essential in the delicate relations oftentimes existing between a lianker and his customers. To all patrons of the bank Mr. Wellington is a safe custodian of their funds, a sagacious officer, and a trustworthy adviser. The talents that have brought Mr. Wellington such i)rosperity in private pursuits have been exerted freely in behalf of public interests. He has grudged neither time, effort, nor means, in the advancement of enterprises having for their object the develop- ment of Corning. He is vice president of the Board of Trade, treasurer of the board of education, and takes an active interest in all local matters. Politics he eschews, beyond such partici])ation as is required of every public-spirited man. He is a vestryman of Christ's Church, and a member of the Masonic order and of the City Club. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Quincy Win- thriip W'elliih^ton 7vai horn at Moriah, N. Y., Deccm- her 27, 1SS3 ; was educated in the district schools; enx'ajreJ in mercantile hi/siness, ISJfO-'jI^ ; married Matilda B. W'ickham of Tio^a, Penii., May hi, 1857 ; Qi'/.ycY n: u'ELL/.vnTo.y was employed in the Geo. Washington Bank of Corn- ing, N. Y. , 1859-62 ; organized the banking house of Q. IF. Wellington C^ Co. at Corning in 1SG2, and has been president thereof since. 48 MEN OF jXEIV YORK — C/fEAfUNG SECT/ OX lRO0Cr 36. MilllamS is a man who delights to devote his talent and energy to the advancement of the town in which he lives. The city of Ithaca has few more public-spirited citizens than he. In fact, he is one of the men who made the city, having been a member of the commission that framed and ROGER B. \\ ILLIAMS helped to secure the adoption of its first charter. All movements for the civil and physical betterment of Ithaca receive his earnest assistance. He has been especially active in helping to solve the difficult sewerage problem that troubled the people of Ithaca for many years. A highly educated gentleman himself, he has taken especial interest in the work of public education, and has given much time to organizing and building up the public-school system of the city. Love for Ithaca is natural to Mr. Williams, for he was born there, and has lived there all his years. It was in the public schools and academy of Ithaca that he obtained his early training, and probably the only reason why he did not finish his education at Cornell University is that Cornell was not opened in time for him. As it was, he went to Yale, where he received his B. A. degree at the age of twenty, in the same year that Cornell was first opened to students. He won the higher degree of Master of Arts at Yale three years later. Yoimg as he was, he became cashier of the Merchants' and Farmers' National Bank of Ithaca as soon as he had gradu- ated from college. He held the place for four years, and then resigned to enter the firm of Williams IJros. , manufacturers of machinery and agricultural imple- ments. Al)OUt two years later he was guilty of his first and only disloyalty to Ithaca, for he went to Brooklyn to secure a wife. The disloyalty can be easily forgiven, however, since he brought his wife back to Ithaca to become an addition to the social life of the city. Mr. Williams is now the sole member of the firm of Williams Bros., his two former ])artners having withdrawn, at different times, many years ago. His early experience in banking naturally led him to look to the banking business as a good field in which to invest surplus capital ; and he has been for .some ten years president of the Ithaca Savings Bank, and is also a director of the First National Bank of Ithaca. Mr. Williams is a Republican, and has repeatedly been asked to accept nomina- tions for various political offices ; but he has always declined. He likes better to serve the public as one of those honorary commissioners, who, freed from the tur- moil of partisan struggles, are able to give their whole attention to municipal matters, and who find their reward in the conscious- ness of work well done. Thus he has been for the last six years president of the board of education, and chairman of the board of sewer commissioners since its creation in the spring of 1895, besides serving on various commissions that planned and put into effect the present sewerage system of the city. He is frequently called on to assume private as well as public trusts, and has acted as executor and administrator of .several important estates. He is a member of the Cornell Library Association and the Ithaca City Hospital Association, and is officially connected with various other corjiorations and asso- ciations of a public-spirited or philanthropic charac- ter. He belongs to the Presbyterian church, and is MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 49 a member of the Alpha Delta Phi and Phi Beta Kappa college fraternities. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Roger Butler U'i/Hams 7i'as born at Ithaca, N V., May S, IS^S ; graditateJ from Yak College in 1868 : 7tias cashier of the Merchants' and Farmers' National Bank, Ithaca, 1868—72; married Carrie L. Ronicr of Brooklyn, N. v., December 17, 1874. • ^"'^' carried on the manu- facture of machinerv and agricultural implements in Ithaca since 1872 ; has been president of the Ithaca Savings Bank since 1886. /IDartiU H&Sit has lived a long, useful, and honorable life. He has had two distinct careers, each of which was complete in itself, and either of which alone would be deemed unusually successful. For the first half of his active life he was a merchant, and acquired a substantial competence in that calling. He then entered upon a new vocation — that of a banker — and for the last thirty years he has been so engaged. A thorough mastery of busi- ne.ss principles and long experience in the practical application of such princi- ples, constitute the best possible founda- tion on which to base a banking career ; and almost as a matter of course Mr. Adsit attained success from the begin- ning in his new sphere of action. Martin Adsit was born in Columbia county. New York, so long ago that the date suggests strange conditions of life — in December, 1812, before a steamship had cro.ssed the Atlantic, or a railway had been heard of, or numberless essen- tials of present-day existence had been even imagined. His people did not long remain in the Hudson-river county, moving to Chenango county when Mar- tin was a boy. He stayed there a few years, but went further west to Hornells- ville in December, 1826, to live with his uncle, Ira Davenport. Steuben county was then a wilderness, and Hornellsville had only twenty-five houses. Mr. Dav- enport was the only merchant in the place. His nephew Martin entered the store at once, as a general-utility boy for the first two years, and after that as clerk. He worked so faithfully that his uncle, in ISo.'i, gave him a half interest in the profits of the business. This arrangement continued until 1«44, when Mr. Adsit, then only thirty-two years old, bought out his uncle. A general store in a small country town is not the most effective weapon possible with which to carve out a fortune, and Mr. Adsit must have possessed rare business talent to accomplish so much under the given conditions. He retained his interest in the business until the 'Go's, finally selling out in order to devote his time to banking affairs. In November, 1868, Mr. Adsit, his uncle Ira Davenport, and Constant Cook of Bath, organized the First National Bank of Hornellsville. 'I'hey and two others constituted the first board of directors, who held all the stock. $50,000 capital was paid up, and the bank opened its doors May 1, 1864, with Ira Davenport as president and Martin Adsit as cash- ier. In June, 1865, on the resignation of the presi- dent, Mr. Adsit assumed the office, and has retained it ever since. Under his efficient manatrement the MAKT/X AllSIT institution prospereil greatly, and in a few years he was able to buy out his associates, and to increase the capital stock of the bank to $100,000. Five per cent semi-annual dividends have been paid for many MEX OF jVEir YORK—CHE.Ul-.XG SECTION years, and a large surplus has been accumulated. Mr. Adsit's son Charles is cashier of the bank. Martin Adsit has now lived in Hornellsville more than seventy years. He has seen the jjlace grow from a part of the primeval forest. He has himself had much to do with this development, and has been in a degree the cause of it. His position in the business of the town ever since it had any business has made him universally known ; while his honor- able and straightforward methods have made him as universally respected and trusted. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Martin Adsit was born at Spencertown, Columbia county, N. Y. , December 2ij, IS 12 ; went to Hornells-eille, N. Y. , in 1826, and worked in his uncle s store ; became a partner in the business in 183S, and bought out his uncle in 18 4^ ; married Esther Jane Charles, daugh- ter of Dr. Richard Charles of Angelica, N. Y, Sep- tember 8, 1841; helped to organise the First National Bank of Hornellsville in 1863, and has been president thereof since 1865. HrCbie E. 36a.Vter, familiarly known in politi- cal and legal circles over a wide area as " Colonel Archie Baxter," was born in Port (Uasgow, Scot- land, about fifty years ago. In early boyhood he was brought to this country, attending school in New York city about two years. Having moved to Corning, N. Y., in 1852, he continued his educa- tion there, and graduated from Corning Academy in 1860. In 1862, when less than eighteen years old, he enlisted in company E, 141st regiment. New York volunteers. He remained in the army through- out the rest of the war, rising rapidly in the service, and ultimately attaining successively the positions of first lieutenant, captain, and brevet major of volunteers. .'\t the close of the war he was made adjutant of the lOlith regiment, N. G., S. N. Y., and a few years later he became lieutenant colonel of that regiment. He retained this office for several years. Beginning his war experience near Washington with picket duty at Long Bridge and historic Arling- ton, the former home of General Lee, Colonel Baxter spent the spring of 1863 under General John A. Dix. In the summer of the same year he took part in the battles of VVauhatchie, Lookout Mountain, and Missionary Ridge. In the spring of 1864 he was in the battles between Chattanooga and Atlanta, and was wounded at the battle of Resaca, Ga. During this engagement he was stationed near the part of the line where General Harrison made his memorable capture of a rebel batfery, and in the Harrison campaigns Colonel Baxter often described this famous exploit. Having passed through Atlanta, he set out with Sherman on the "March to the Sea," was present at the capture of Savannah, proceeded northward through the Caro- linas, and took part in the battle of Bentonville just after Lee's surrender. Near Raleigh, N. C, Colonel Baxter led a charge across a bridge at the head of his company, under a galling fire, and en- gaged the enemy while the bridge was being re- paired. This was the last fighting done by the 141st regiment. Colonel Baxter's military career .showed remark- able advancement for so young a man ; but his later achievements in the field of politics and law have eclipsed the brilliant record of his earlier life. Having returned to Corning at the close of the war, he entered the service of the Tioga Railroad Co. As assistant to the secretary and treasurer, with the office of paymaster as well, he remained with the Tioga company from 1865 until 1872. At this early period Colonel Baxter was already beginning to interest himself in political affairs ; and in the fall of 1874 he was elected county clerk of Steuben county. He held this office three years, changing his residence from Corning to Bath, the county seat. Somewhat later in life than would have been most advantageous. Colonel Baxter discovered that the legal profession was his proper vocation. While county clerk at Bath he filed his certificate as a law student in Judge William Rumsey's office, and in 1878-79 he attended the Albany Law School. Having graduated from that institution with the class of 1879, of which he was elected president, he formed a partnership with John W. Brown, and began practice at Elmira in the September follow- ing. The partnership with Mr. Brown continued until 1884 ; and for three years, beginning in 1890, Colonel Baxter was in the firm of Babcock, Baxter & Gibson. Otherwise he has carried on his legal work without the aid of associates. Though he did not begin practice until he was nearly thirty-five years old. Colonel Baxter quickly recovered lost ground ; and he has long been known as one of the ablest and most successful lawyers in the Southern Tier. To the general public, however, especially to the public of the state at large as distinguished trom the people of Steuben and adjoining counties, Colonel Baxter is best known for his prominence in politi- cal life. For the last thirty years he has taken an active part in the councils and the field work of the Republican party. He has gone on the platform in every important campaign since the close of the war, and has thereby acejuired a wide reputa- tion as a powerful and convincing public speaker. MEi\ OF XEW VORK—CMEMUXG SECTION .")I Nominated for congress in 18S2, he failed of elec- tion, but ran 2000 votes ahead of the party ticket. He was appointed United States marshal by Presi- dent Harrison on June 18, 1889, and held the office for five years from that date. Colonel Baxter is greatly interested in Masonry, belonging to all the bodies of the order up to and including the 32d degree. He is also an Elk. His military career naturally makes him a prominent member of the Grand Army of the Republic. He attends the Episcopal church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Archie Easton Baxter ivas born at Port Glasgow, Scotland, December 16, 1844 • roas educated in the public schools of Ne7v York city and at Corning {N. Y.) Acad- emy ; served in the Union army, 1862- 65 ; was in the employ of the Tioga Rail- road Co. at Corning, 1865—72 ; mar- ried Rosemond E. Wheeler of Cohocton, N. Y., April I), 1878; was county clerk of Steuben county, 1875-77 ; has practiced law at Elmira, N. Y., since 1879. HleranCer C. Eustace, one of the most successful trial lawyers in Che- mung county, and prominent for many years in the councils of the Democratic party in central and southern New York, was born in Troy, N. Y., in 1855. His early education was obtained in private schools, and later he attended the public schools. When he was twelve years of age his parents moved to Elmira from Lewis county, whence they had gone from Troy ; and Elmira has ever since been his home. There he completed his education, graduating from Elmira Academy in 1873 with honors. For the next two years Mr. Eustace was engaged in business, occupying his time outside of his em- ployment with a course of reading preparatory to the study of law. Later he entered upon this study zealously at Albany, in the office of the well-known firm of Smith, Bancroft & Moak. Admitted to the bar in 1879, he opened an office in Elmira the same year, and commenced the practice of his profession. In 1890 he associated with him his brother, Joseph P. Eustace, then just admitted to the bar, and the two have since practiced together under the firm name of A. C. & J. P. Eustace. Their office is one of the busiest in Elmira, and they have a large clientage throughout Chemung and the adjoining counties. Mr. Eustace's political career began at the un- u.sually early age of twenty, and he has taken a prominent part in the affairs of the Democratic party ever since. Elected state comptroller in the ARCHIE E. BAXTER fall of 1875, Lucius Robinson appointed Mr. Eus- tace an assistant in the tax department of his office. Mr. Eustace filled this position with such satisfaction to his suiierior that in 1878 he was called upon by Mr. Robinson, then governor of New York state, to fill a vacancy in the responsible position of county clerk of Chemung county. In the fall of the same year the Democratic party nominated Mr. Eustace to succeed himself; but the local party organization was much demoralized that year, owing to the "greenback craze," and he was defeated by the Republican candidate, though he ran several hun- dred votes ahead of his ticket. Three years later he was again his party's choice for the office, and was elected over his former opponent, Theodore C. ^di- MEN OF NEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECT/ON Smith, by a decisive majority. In December, 1889, Governor Hill appointed Mr. Eustace one of the state civil-service commissioners, and his colleagues on the board elected him president of the commis- sion. This position he held until February, 1893. For four years, beginning in 1889, he was a member ALIiXAXDEK C. ECSTACE of the Democratic state committee, and in 1892 was a delegate to the Democratic national convention at Chicago. Since his resignation from the state com- mittee in 189.3 he has been less active than formerly in political affairs. In the social life of Elmira Mr. Eustace holds the prominent place to which his professional and political attainments entitle him. He is a mem- ber of the principal clubs of the city, and has many friends throughout the state in both public and private life. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Alexander Christopher Eustace was born at Troy, N. Y., ALav 12, 1855 ; was educated in private and public schools ; studied huo in Albany, and was admitted to the bar in 1879 ; was county clerk of Chemung county in 1878 and in 1882-84 ; was state civil-service commissioner, 1889-93, a member of the Democratic state committee, 1889-93, and a delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1892 ; has practiced law in Elmira, N. Y. , since 1879. (Beorge i£. ©reen, mayor of Bing- hamton, X. Y., is descended from Eng- lish ancestors who came to America nearly two centuries ago. His grand- father, Samuel Van Buskirk Green, was a gallant soldier in the war of 1812 ; and his great-grandfather was a civil engineer of repute, whose signature may still be found on the old surveying records of Baltimore. Born in the town of Kirkwood, Broome county, N. Y., in 1858, Mr. Green spent his boyhood on the home farm. Over fourteen years of his early life were passed in a log house on a larm entirely surrounded by wood- land. He acipiired some fundamental knowledge in the district schools, but was obliged to devote a large part of his time to work on the farm. After the age of si.xteen, indeed, he was forced by the ill health and financial reverses of his parents to give up in great part the benefits of home life, and even the mea- ger schooling previously enjoyed. Un- der such circumstances he turned to mercantile life as the readiest means of relief. Obtaining a position in a gen- eral store at Port Crane, N. Y., at a salary of three dollars weekly, without board, he learned the rudiments of com- mercial knowledge. Subsequently he engaged in the same business at Tusca- rora, Broome county ; and finally, in 1879, he be- gan his residence in Binghamton by taking a clerk- ship in a grocery there. Mr. Green was now twenty-one years old. He had lived in the country all his life, and had enjoyed only slight educational advantages ; but the more important conditions of character and disciplinary training were strongly in his favor. Becoming a traveling salesman, he obtained more time for his own purpo.ses. While attending strictly to business during business hours, he spent his evenings, not to say a considerable part of his nights, in reading and hard study. He continued this process of self- education for years, and in that way made up in threat measure for the lack of a collegiate training. MEN OF NEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 53 Continuing "on the road," Mr. Cireen entered the service of Ford & Evans, and built up for them a substantial trade in "Eureka" bituminous coal, mined by Berwind, White & Co. He was so success- ful, indeed, and so strongly impressed his employers with a sense of his character and business capacity, that he was admitted to the firm, on the retirement of Captain Evans, as a full partner. The style was Ford & Green for four years, or until Mr. Ford retired from the concern. Since then Mr. Cireen has conducted the business alone, representing the Berwind-White Coal Mining Co. of Philadelphia and New York as general sales-agent for the Empire State and Canada. Having canvassed the territory himself for years, and established pleasant business and personal relations with hundreds of customers, Mr. Green has an exceedingly large bituminous-coal trade — the largest, probably, of any sin- gle dealer in the state. Aside from his coal business and from real-estate inter- ests, he is concerned with various enter- prises : he is president of the Bundy Mfg. Co., making the Bundy automatic time recorders ; half owner and manag- ing partner of the Binghamton Cigar Co. ; partner in the firm of Berry & Green, wholesale dealers in flour, feed, and grain ; stockholder and director in the Binghamton House Furnishing Co. and in several other enterprises. Having so many and so varied busi- ness interests, and devoting thereto an amount of time and energy that would more than exhaust the capacity of most men, Mr. Green has nevertheless given much attention to political affairs. He began to take an interest in such matters as a young man, becoming an ardent Republican early in life. Elected in 1887 alderman from the .'>d ward of Bing- hamton, and made president of the com- mon council the next year, he devoted his wonderful business ability to the benefit of the city in various ways. To his efforts may be ascribed in great measure Binghamton' s effective system of sewers, its asphalt pavements, the full- deck bridge across the Chenango river, and many other municipal improvements. He was also largely instrumental in securing the location at Binghamton of the Home for commercial travelers. He has long been a "diplomat of commerce " himself, and has taken great interest in the Commercial Travelers' Home Association. He was elected president of the organization in October, 1895, and was re-elected a year later. In 1889 the Republican party nominated Mr. (Ireen for the mayoralty of Binghamton, but he failed of election by a narrow margin. Nominated again in 1893, he was elected by a substantial major- ity ; and in February, 189o, he was re-elected by the largest majority ever given to a candidate for mayor in Binghamton. His administration has been vigorous, business-like, and conservative, and is regarded by men of all parties as one of the most efficient that the city has ever enjoyed. His term will not expire until January, 1898, when he will have completed five years of contiTiuous service in the mayor's chair. In June, 1893, Mr. Green was unanimously elected president of the Republican GEORGE E. GREEN League of the State of New York, and was re-elected each succeeding year until 1896, when he voluntarily retired. He is chairman of the Broome-county Republican committee. 54 MEN OF XEW YORK^CHEMl'XG SECTION Mr. Green holds high rank in the Masonic order, and in various similar organizations ; and his promi- nence in the social world corresponds with his standing in business and political life. His career must be deemed strikingly successful from all ])oints of view. THOMAS G. HAWKES PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— George Ed- ward Green laas born at Kirkwood, Broome county, N. Y. , August SO, 1858 ; was educated in district schools ; was a clerk in country stores, 18H—~9 ; married Sara E. Cole of Port Crane, N. V., Febru- ary 27, 1880; has engaged in the ivholesale coal trade and in other business enterprises in Binghamton, N. Y. , since 1880 ; has been mayor of Binghamton since 1893. XEbOmaS (5. IbawhCS was born fifty years ago in County Cork, Ireland, where his people were prominent and had large estates. The family, in- deed; had long been distinguished for its character, culture, learning, and material possessions — ever since the martyr, Thomas Hawkes, in the middle of the sixteenth century, had willingly suffered death at the stake as the price of his unstained honor and peace with God. Favored thus by birth and inherited talents, Mr. Hawkes obtained an excellent education at preparatory schools and at Queen's College, Cork. He remained in the latter insti- tution two years, studying civil engi- neering, when the love of adventure and the desire to test for himself the oppor- tunities said to exist in America, induced him to take passage for New York. He landed in this country with only fifty dollars, and was not able to obtain employment at once. He had practi- cally decided, therefore, to return home, when a fortunate chance brought him into contact with John Hoare, a partner in the firm of Hoare & Dailey, glass cutters. He gave Mr. Hawkes a posi- tion as draughtsman, and the connec- tion thus formed lasted for many years, and proved mutually advantageous. Mr. Hawkes accompanied Mr. Hoare when the latter changed his place of business from Brooklyn to Corning, N. Y., and remained with him until 1880. At first he worked as a draughtsman exclusively ; but he was looking ahead all the time, and «-as not content until he had mas- tered every detail of the business, in- cluding the selling as well as the man- ufacturing departments. Some of Mr. Hawkes' s ancestors were famous glass makers in the English midlands. His own success in that occupation is a curi- ous coincidence, though possibly some inherited cast of mind had something to do with his choice of vocation. Most men of ability and long-headed views would rather have an independent establi.shment of their own than almost any salaried position of the com- mon type ; and Mr. Hawkes decided, in 1880, that the time had come for him to make a start on his own account. His means were limited, and he was obliged to begin in a small way ; but his experience, energv, and judgment more than made up for his lack of capital. The result amply proved his wisdom in making the change, since the works established by him quickly became an important factor in the cut-glass trade. He gave the business, especially in its earlier years, minute supervision in every depart- ment, knowing that success could not otherwise be obtained, and determined that the Hawkes brand of MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECTION cut glass should become universally known for its richness, elegance, and general value. How suc- cessfully he has carried out this endeavor may be inferred from the statement that his establishment now employs 250 men, as compared with twenty at the start, and that his product has won its way into the cultivated homes of almost all the civilized countries of the globe. At the Paris Exposition in 1889 the Hawkes exhibit, submitted in competition with the world, was awarded the "grand prize"; and many pieces there displayed were purchased Ijv the nobility of Europe. In some cases, fortunately not common in this country, the business side of a given career is all that need be presented to disclose the whole man. This is not at all the case with Mr. Hawkes. As one of the leading manufacturers of Corning, he is naturally an important factor in the mer- cantile affairs of the city ; but his in- fluence there is far greater than mere business pre-eminence by itself would warrant. In social and civic life, and in all the various relations by which men measure and appraise their fellow - mortals, Mr. Hawkes stands high. He has lived in Corning nearly thirty years, and the people know him well and re- spect him greatly. For two years he was chief engineer of the fire depart- ment. He has been vice president of the City Club. He is one of the vestry of Christ Church. He is a strong Re- publican in political belief, but has never had either the time or the inclination to run for office. Hjs private and home life is ideally charming. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Thomas Gibbons Hawkes was born in County Cork, Lr eland, September 25, 184.6 ; completed his education at Queen' s College, Cork ; came to the United States in 1865, and entered the employ of Hoare of Dailey, glass cutters ; married Char- lotte Lsidore Bissell of Corning, N. Y., June 15, 1876 ; has carried on the manu- facture of cut glass in Corning since 1880. ®. XlBl. palmer belongs to the class of men, so numerous in our land, whom we call "self-made" — in other words, men who have .set out with a determination to achieve success in some chosen field of activity, and who have accomplished their purpose, without aid from others and in the face of unfavorable circumstances. Mr. Palmer's grandparents came from New England, and settled in what was then the wilderness of central New York, on the shores of Cayuga lake ; and it was there that he was born. He was brought up on a farm, with only the limited educational opportunities of a farmer's boy. But he was ambitious to become a lawyer, and to that end he determined to get as much education as possible. For several years he divided his time between farm work, teach- ing, and attendance at academies, earning enough money from the two former occupations to pay for his schooling ; and at length, in the winter of 1848- 49, he attended Fowler's Law School in Cherry Valley, N. Y. The following spring he entered the office of lliven, Hathaway & Woods of Elmira, one of the leading law firms in central New York. Three years later he was admitted to the bar, and for the O. W. PALMER next ten years he practiced the profession of his choice in Elmira. During that time he was associated with Henry \V. Collins, under the name of Palmer & Collins, and with G. L. Smith, under the name of 56 MEN OF NEW YORK — CHEMUNG SECT/ON Smith & Palmer ; but for the last five years he practiced alone. We hear much of the mental and moral stimulus that comes from the discipline undergone by the student who works for his education, and practices strict economy in order to obtain it ; but unfor- tunately there is another side to the story, and the physical effects of such a course are sometimes dis- astrous. Mr. Palmer's constitution was not sufficiently strong to stand the strain to which it had been sub- jected in his youth, and after ten years of legal prac- tice he was obliged to seek a less confining occupa- tion. In the spring of 1862 he moved to Washington, and bought a wholesale and retail coal business, which he conducted for the next three years. Mr. Palmer's residence at the national capital during the momentous years of the Civil War, and the intimate relations he there enjoyed with well-known public men, stimulated his patriotic impulses. Unable on account of ill health to go to the front himself, he sent a substitute, though he was not drafted, and did all in his power to relieve the wants of soldiers from his native state who were confined in hos])itals in and near Washington. At the close of the war Mr. Palmer returned to Elmira ; but he soon moved to New York city, where he became connected with the Manhattan Insurance Co. When the great fire at Chicago, with its tremendous losses, brought ruin to so many insurance companies, the Manhattan was one of those to suc- cumb. Mr. Palmer then set himself to organize a new company, called the Manhattan Fire Insurance Co., of which he was made a director and secretary. The confining duties of this position again proved too much for his health, and in 1874 he severed his connection with this company, and took up field work for the Franklin Fire Insurance Co. of Phila- delphia. For twenty years he carried on this work with distinguished success, and during a great part of this time his headquarters were again in Elmira. Recently he resigned his position with the Franklin company, and now devotes his time to the adjust- ment of fire losses. Mr. Palmer has done much to promote the interests of good underwriting in New York state. He was one of the organizers of the New York State Associa- tion of Underwriters, and has always been an active member of the organization. He was at one time its president. He is a member of St. Omer's Com- mandery, Elmira, and of the Century Club. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Orson Walker Palmer 7vas born at Genoa, N. Y. , August 10, 1827 ; teias educated at Genoa Academy and Harford {Penn. ) Academv : 7cias admitted to the bar in Max, 1851 ; practiced law in Elmira, lSi)l-tj2 ; engaged in the coal business in Washington, D. C. , 1862-65 ; was in the insurance business in New York city and else- where, 18G7-0i : married Mary Moe of Lansing, N. Y. , January 0, 1850, Elizabeth Groi'er of South- port, N. Y, October 11, 1853, and Mrs. C. A. Bentley of Brandon, Vt., April 2G, 1882. aieXauSer CUmmina, widely known in Bing- hamton and adjacent territory as a leading member of the bar, was born in Delaware county, New York, a few days after Jackson was elected to the White House the second time. His family was one of the oldest in the county, his grandfather, for whom he was named, having come to this country from Scot- land in childhood, and settled in Stamford, Delaware county, while still a young man. There he married and reared his family, and there he and his wife both died, at ages very advanced. They were Scotch Presbyterians, and were among the founders of the church of that faith at Stamford, of which Mr. Cumming was a deacon for many years. Their son John, the father of our subject, was born at the beginning of the century, and spent his life as a farmer in the same county, where he died at a ripe old age. Brought up on a farm, and limited in educational opportunities to the common schools of Stamford and to local academies, Alexander Cumming had some difficulty in preparing himself for the legal profession. He was a close student, however, and made the most of such advantages as came in his way. After reading law two years in the office of James R. AUaben of Delhi, N. Y., he was admitted to the bar in 1858. Taking up his residence in the pretty town of Deposit in the southwestern corner of Delaware county, Mr. Cumming began his career as a lawyer in the fall of 1858. He continued to practice his profession there for the next twenty years, and built up an important clientage. He had no partners in this period. Deciding that his long and successful experience in the law could be more effectively utilized in a larger place, Mr. Cumming moved to Binghamton, a few miles west of Deposit, in 1878. For a few years he was associated with W. M. Hand, and afterward for a short time with David Murray. In recent years he has practiced with his brother, under the firm name of Alex. & A. W. Cumming. Mr. Cumming has worked hard in his profession for nearly forty years, and has naturally attained great skill in the conduct of legal affairs. Possessed of deep learning in the principles of common law, he profits also from a wealth of experience acquired ME\ OF XEW VORK—CHEMLNG SECT/OX 57 in years of litigation. His practice has consisted largely of contested cases, because he developed early in professional life unusual skill in this branch of the attorney's work. He is a formidable an- tagonist in jury trials, and has appeared in many cases of this kind in the southern counties of the state. He also enjoys an extensive office practice. Mr. Gumming has never entered polit- ical life, preferring to devote all his en- ergy to his professional work. He is interested in public affairs, however, and is an earnest believer in the principles of the Republican party. He spends much of his leisure time in his large library at home. He is exceptionally well read in modern authors, and is thoroughly informed in current history. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Alexander Cu mining was born at Stam- ford, N. v., November 12, 1SS2 ; at- tended common sclwols and academies ; was admitted to the bar in 185S ; married Hannah Huguiner of Deposit, N. ¥., September 17, 1860 ; practiced law at Deposit, 1858-78, and has practiced at Binghamton, N. Y. , since 1878. heartily supported by his party throughout the state. This honor was a well deserved tribute to his loyal allegiance to the Prohibition cause, for probably no man in the state has worked harder for the growth of the party than he. In 1897 he received an addi- tional proof of his popularity with his party associates jfrancis E. J6al^^vin of.Eimira is known throughout the Empire State and beyond, for his able and zealous support of the Prohibition party. Be- lieving thoroughly in the principle for which it stands, and accepting its methods as those most likely to secure the desired result, he has given freely of his time and means, and has worked early and late with both voice and pen, to further its interests. Since 1883, when he was less than thirty years old, he has taken the stump in every election in behalf of this party, and he has been a member of its executive committee con- tinuously since 188(5. In 1888, and again in 1896, he was the president of the Prohibition state con- vention ; and for four years beginning in 1889, he was the chairman of the state committee. In this capacity he was particularly active, holding conferences and addressing meetings in every county in the state ; and as a result, the Prohibition vote for President in New York state in the campaign of 1892 was the largest ever polled there either before or since. Besides various local poli- tical nominations, Mr. Baldwin received in 189-t the Prohibition nomination for governor, and was A L EX A XDER CI 'MMING in his nomination for chief judge of the Court of Appeals. Mr. Baldwin was born in Otsego county, New York,, little more than forty years ago. After attending the common schools of his native town of Otego, he entered the academy at Oneonta, from which he graduated in 1877. About this time he spent some time as the teacher of a district school, but the law was his chosen profession, and he soon set about preparing himself for the bar. Entering the office of Ervvin J. Baldwin of Elmira, he devoted himself to legal study, and to familiarizing him- self with the routine work of a lawyer's office ; and in January, 1881, was admitted to the bar. He immediately formed a partnership with his 58 MEN OF NEW YORK ~ CHEMUNG SECTION instructor in the law, under the style of Baldwin & Baldwin, that has continued ever since. The firm has conducted an extensive practice in Elmira and its vicinity, and has attained an excellent reinitation at the Cheniuntr-countv liar. FRANCIS E. BALDWIN Mr. Baldwin's active political work, of which account has already been given, has necessarily occupied most of the time that could be spared from his profession ; and he has frequently sacrificed his private affairs to his interest in outside matters. In 1885 and 188fi, in addition to his professional work, he edited a Prohibition paper in Elmira. He has also been active in church and philanthropic work of various kinds. He was the president of the Elmira Women's Christian Temperance Union for several years, during which the association conducted a large hotel ; and he has been for years a trustee of the Anchorage at Elmira, an institution that carries on an excellent work as a rescue home for women. PERS ON A L CHR ONOL O G Y— Francis Even'// Balihs.'iii nuts /'oni a/ 0/rgo, N. Y., Ausriis/ 10, 18iJG ; was educa/ed a/ Oneoii/a (A". Y. ) Acad- emy ; s/udied law, and was admit/ed to the bar in 1881; married Anna E. Grandin of Elmira, N. Y., A/in 7, 1882 ; was the Prohihi/ion candidate for governor of New York state in 189 J^, and for chief judge of the Court of Appeals in 1897 : has practiced law at Elmira since 1881. UsaaC (5. perrS, commissioner of the New York state capitol, and widely known as an architect and builder, was born at Bennington, Vt., seventy-five years ago. The family is of Scotch origin; but Mr. Perry's grandfather, Valentine Perry, and his father, Seneca Perry, were natives of White Creek, N. Y. A\'hen Mr. Perry was seven years old his parents moved back to the Empire State, and settled in Keeseville, Essex county. Seneca Perry was a carpenter and joiner ; and his son, after obtaining his education in the common schools of the village, began work in his father's shop. He learned the trade thoroughly ; and soon disjilayed decided talent as an architect, and won considerable local reputation. For several years he worked as a contractor and builder in Essex county, but in 1852 he made a new start on a larger scale. He moved to New York city and opened an othce as an architect. For the next twenty years he made his headquarters there, and his l)usiness increased and prospered stead- ily. In 1857 he received a commission to furnish plans for the New York State Inebriate Asylum at Binghamton, and to superintend its construction ; and the ability he displayed in discharging this duty did much to extend and strengthen his reputation. The success of this undertaking brought Mr. Perry a large amount of business in Binghamton, where he designed and erected many notable buildings, in- cluding the First Baptist, Centenary Methodist Epis- copal, Congregational, and St. Patrick's churches ; the Phelps and First National bank buildings ; the McNamara, Hagaman, and Perry blocks ; the high school, Hotel Bennett, the Phelps mansion ; and other edifices equally prominent. His work had come to be so largely in that part of the country, that in 1872 he moved to Binghamton, and from that time on did a large business in southeastern New York and northeastern Pennsvbania. He MEN OF XEW YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION 59 built the court house at Scranton, the Second National and Scranton Trust Company's banks, the library buildings, the machine shops of the Dickson Manufacturing Co., and many private dwellings. At Wilkesbarre he designed and erected the First National Bank, the opera house, and many business blocks and residences. The Dutch Refonned and Catholic churches at Port Jervis, the FarnimT & Howell block, and other buildings, are his work. This is by no means a complete catalogue of Mr. Perry's achievements ; but it serves to give some idea of their extent and variety. His field of labor extended into many western states and other sec- tions of the East : and he estimates that at times the work under contract in his office aggregated as much as SI, 000, 000. In 1883 the New York state legislature passed a law vesting in a single commissioner the entire charge of the new capitol, which had previously been committed to a board of commissioners ; and on March 30, the day he signed the bill. President Cleveland appointed Mr. Perry to the responsible position, which he has filled ever since. The appointment was made without solicitation on Mr. Perry's part, and was well received by the press and the general public. In the work thus committed to his care, Mr. Perry has found ample scope for his artistic talents and for his skill as a practical builder. Although the new capitol had been occu- pied by the legislature for several years at the time of his ap])ointment, much remained to be done both inside and outside the structure ; and much that was badly done before had to be done o\ er again. More than $8,000,000 has been expended on the work since Mr. Perry took charge of it, and it is now estimated that somewhat less than $2,000,000 will complete it. Besides superintending minutely the work of construction, Mr. Perry has left his own impress on the building in several of its finest features. He designed the grand western stairway, and the beautiful northeastern stairway ; and the eastern approach to the building and its western fafadc are also his work. In the practical matters of lighting and ventilation he has done great service to all who use the Iniilding by putting in shafts in various parts to supply needed light and air. Mr. Perry's several reappointments to the office are sufficient indication to those who do not personally know his work, of the energetic and able manner in which he has discharged the duties of the position. PERS ONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Isaac G. Perry was horn at Bennington, Ft., March 34, 1822 ; 7aas educated in common schools ; /earned the carpen- ter' s trade 7vith his father, and worked at the same in Kecseville, N. V., until 1852; married Lucretia L. Gibson of Keeseville in December, 18^8 ; engaged in business as an architect and builder in New York city, 1852-72, and in Binghamton, N. Y, 1872-83; has been capitol commissioner of New York state since March .10, 1883. George TOU. TRa^, for many years a leader of the bar in central New York, and prominent in pub- lic life from his long and able service in the national ISAAC G. PERRY house of representatives, is descended from an old Connecticut family. His father, Asher M. Ray, a farmer and merchant in Stonington, Conn., and afterward in Otselic, N. Y., held a high position in 00 A/KX OF XEIV YORK— CHEMCXG SECT/OX the community, and served for thirty-six years as justice of the peace. Mr. Ray was born in Otselic .somewhat more than fifty years ago. At the age of si.xteen he entered Norwich (N. Y. ) Academy, but his course there was destined to suffer a long interru])tion. From the GEORGE 11'. RAY beginning of the Civil War he was deeply interested in the course of events, and in the summer of 18t;2 he made up his mind to have an active part in the struggle. He enlisted, accordingly, in company I, 11-tth New York volunteers, but was prevented by long sickness from going to the front. Later he enlisted in company B, 90th New York volunteers, and served until the close of the war. Returning North in June, 1865, he took up again his studies at the academy, and graduated thence in 1866. For a year or more thereafter he read law in the office of E. H. Priudle of Norwich, and in Novem- ber, 1867, was admitted to the bar. Opening an office at once in Norwich, Mr. Ray has practiced there ever since, although latterly his public duties have occupied a large part of his time. For two years beginning in 1871 he wa.s associated with E. H. Prindle, then representative in congress, and D. H. Knapp, in the firm of Prindle, Knapp & Ray ; but otherwise he has practiced alone. Early in his profe.ssional career Mr. Ray became noted for his success as a criminal lawyer, and for many years he occupied a leading posi- tion in this special line. He took part on one side or the other in most of the inii)ortant trials in his part of the state, including several capital cases ; but, though many of them were severely con- tested, he was almost uniformly success- ful. In October, 1897, he defended William E. Lull, indicted for murder in the first degree for shooting G. Frank Cox at Plymouth, N. Y. ; and secured an acquittal. Mr. Ray's political life began in 18.S1, when he served as a member of the Re- publican state committee. He at once took an important part in the counsels of the party, and has ever since been an influential factor in public affairs in the state and nation. In 1882 he was elected to the 48th congress. Even in this, his first session, he became known as a speaking member, his plea in behalf of General Fitz John Porter being especially noteworthy. After an interval of a few years Mr. Ray was again elected a con- gressman in the fall of 1890, and since then he has served continuously in that honorable capacity, having been elected for his fifth term in 1896. He has served on a number of important com- mittees, especially the committee on the judiciary ; also the one appointed to investigate the strike at Homestead in the summer of 1892, and the one to report on the federal elec- tion laws. In the 55th congress he was chairman of the committee on invalid pensions, and occupied the second place in the judiciary committee. His repeated elections to the national legislature attest his popularity with his constituents, and his public record is one of which he may well be proud. He is a ready and powerful speaker, a hard worker, and a man of broad and comprehensive views — in short, a most valuable public servant. In spite of his professional and public duties, Mr. Ray finds time to take a helpful interest in all that concerns the prosperity of the town of Norwich. For many years he was actively identified with the MEX OF .XEIV YORK—CHEMCXG SECr/OX 61 Norwich fire department as chief engineer of that organization. He took a prominent part in the movement that resulted in the erection of the Nor- wich High School, one of the finest buildings of the kind in the state ; and has been a member of its board of education since 18.S6. He belongs to Norwich Commandery, No. 46, K. r.,and to E. B. Smith Post, G. A. R.; and attends the Congrega- tional church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— George W. Ray 7uas horn at Otselic, N. V., February 3, ISU : 7i.ias educated at Norwich {N. Y.) Academy; served in the Union army, 1863-63 ; 7oas admitted to the bar in 1867 ; married Mary Johnson of North Pitcher, N. Y , June 28, 1871 ; was member of congress, 1883-85, and has served in that body continuously since 1891 ; has practiced law in Norxoich since 1867. operations or attend difficult cases in all parts of the Southern Tier and in the neighboring state of Pennsylvania ; but his chief field of work has been Elmira, where he occupies one of the finest and best equipped suites of offices in that section of the state. These are necessitated by his large and varied practice, and desire to keep abreast of the times. Dr. Ross is the medical examiner for a great number of insurance and beneficiary organizations. He conducted a general practice at first, but in recent years has paid particular attention to diseases of women and the use of electricity in surgery and gynecology. In the course of his practice Dr. Ross has performed a number of very difficult major operations. In conjunction with Dr. Thomas A. Dundas of Elmira he performed the first and only jfranft Mart) IRoss, widely known in Chemung county as a learned and successful physician, belongs to an old and distinguished family. On the paternal side he is descended from Lord Joshua Ross of Scotland, from whom the line is easily traced to colonial and revo- lutionary times in this country. Dr. Ross's great-great-grandfather was a captain in the Continental army, and received for his services in the patriots' cause a land grant of 500 acres about where the city of Elmira now stands. He was killed by the Indians on the way to his possessions in what was then regarded as the Far West. Dr. Ross's maternal grandfather was the inventor, lohn Henderson, who was a descendant of the first Dutch settlers of Manhattan island. Dr. Ross's father was the late Charles Dun Ross, a well-known busi- ness man of Elmira. Dr. Ro.ss has always lived in Chemung county, having been born at Horseheads two years before the beginning of the Civil War. His early training was ob- tained in the public schools of Elmira and in the Elmira Free Academy. After a thorough preliminary education he — began the study of medicine, graduating with high honors in 18.So from the medical department of the University of the City of New York. Once fairly embarked on his professional career, he made rapid progress as regards both extent of practice and general stand- ing. He has freiiuently been summoned to conduct FRAXk' WARD ROSS succe.ssful Caesarean operation ever performed in that part of the state. Dr. Ross has been a member of the staff of attend- ing physicians and surgeons of the Arnot-Ogden 62 MEN OF NEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION Memorial Hospital since 1888. He takes an active part in many medical and scientific bodies, includ- ing the International Medical Congress, the Ameri- can Medical Association, the Academy of Sciences, and the American Microscopical Society. In 1897 he was made a Fellow of the Academy of Sciences for special work in science. He is an original Fellow of the New York State Medical Association, a Fellow of the American Electro-Therapeutical Society, vice president of the Medical Society of the County of Chemung, and president of the Elmira Academy of Medicine. He is chairman of the board of examin- ers of Niagara University, and formerly lectured on electro-therapeutics in that institution. The degree of Master of Arts was conferred upon him by Loyola College, Baltimore, in 1896 ; and the National Col- lege of Electro-Therapeutics at Indianapolis, Ind., in the same year gave him the degree of Master of Electro-Therapeutics for special proficiency in that branch of medical science. He was elected to a professorship in that institution, having the depart- ment of " X-ray " and medico-legal electricity. In 1897 the degree of Doctor of Philosophy was con- ferred upon him. Outside of his professional practice Dr. Ross has spent much of his time in scientific research and literary work. He is especially interested in elec- trical subjects, as might be inferred from the trend of his practice ; and he was the first person in Chemung county to obtain the " X-ray " apparatus and to produce the wonderful Roentgen pictures. He has written many scholarly papers on medical and scientific subjects for publication in the journals and Transactions of the various societies to which he belongs, and in various periodicals and newspapers. He has also invented several electrical and surgical appliances that are of great service to surgeons and gynecologists. In social life Dr. Ross is highly esteemed through- out the Southern Tier. He has membership in various fraternal societies, including the order of Elks, United Friends, and Red Men. He has not cared to go into political life, though opportunities to do so have not been lacking. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Frank Ward Ross was born at Horseheads, N. Y. , July 10, 1859 ; was educated in public schools and Elmira Free Academy ; received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of the City of New York iti 1883 ; married Hattie A . Hart of Dorchester, Ga. , a lineal descendant of Miles Standish ; has practiced medicine and surgery in Elmira since 1883, de^wting special attention to the use of electricity in surgery and gvnecologv. StCpbCU IRpan, one of the most enterprising citizens of the village of South Otselic, is a son of Thomas Ryan of Tompkins county, New York. He was born in Homer, Cortland county, less than forty years ago, and was educated in the public schools of his native town, attending first the district schools, and afterward graduating from Homer Academy. Mr. Ryan moved to South Otselic in 1881, and after obtaining valuable business experience in vari- ous subordinate capacities, established, in 1884, a clothing and furnishing-goods store, which he con- ducted successfully until 189.^. He had not been long in the village before he became interested in extending the telephone lines in that part of the state. The increase of such methods of rapid com- munication throughout the country constitutes one of the greatest conveniences of modern times. Mr. Ryan was quick to appreciate this fact, and for the past eight years he has been actively engaged in various enterprises of this kind. In 1887 he became manager for the Central New York Tele])hone and Telegraph Co. at South Otselic, and he has held that position ever since. During that time he has raised the money and constructed the telephone line from Norwich, the county seat of Chenango county, to Syracuse, a distance of fifty miles or more ; as well as a shorter line from South Otselic to Pitcher. South Otselic is a thriving little town, and Mr. Ryan has been closely identified with its business interests for the past ten years. He has interested himself particularly in the matter of good roads, and has done much to improve the streets of the village and the roads in that part of the country. In 1896 he organized the Business Men's Association, which has promoted in various ways the prosperity of the community. In connection with the Binghamton Board of Trade this association undertook in 1897 the organization of a company to construct an elec- tric railroad between Binghamton and South Otselic, a distance of about fifty miles ; and Mr. Ryan was chosen chairman of the committee of the Business Men's Association having the matter in charge. He was largely instrumental in securing for the Erie & Central New York railroad the free right of way through the town of Otselic, and thus increasing its transportation facilities. Realizing the importance of education in all true progress, he has served for several years on the board of education of the South Otselic Union School, and has pursued there the same vigorous policy that has characterized his busi- ness career. An ardent Democrat in political belief, Mr. Ryan has taken an active |)art in politics for many years. He has been a member of the Democratic county MEN OF NEiy YORK ^CHEMUNG SECTION 63 committee for the past ten years, and occupies an important place in the local councils of his party. In 1888 he was the Democratic candidate for the office of county clerk. In March, 1894, President Cleveland appointed him postmaster of South Otselic, and he has filled the office ever since. In this position he has greatly improved the mail facilities of the village. During 1897 he secured changes in stage sched- ules and mail connections that shortened by twenty-four hours the time required for sending a letter to New York city and receiving an answer. In the rush and hurry and close competition of modern commercial life such a gain is of decided importance to the business of a small town ; and Mr. Ryan is justly proud of his achievements in this direc- tion. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Stephen Ryan loas Iwi-ii at Hamer, N. Y., November 10, 1S59 ; 7tias educated at Homer Academy ; married Ettie M. Cook of South Otselic, N. Y. , June 6, 1883 ; conducted a clothing and fur?iishing-goods store at South Otselic, 188^-93; has been a member of the Chenango-county Democratic committee since 1886, and post- master of South Otselic since 18!)^. 5. /iDonroe Sboemafter occupies a leading position in the business world of Elmira, and throughout the Southern Tier. He is a son of Smith and Katherine Shoemaker of Dundee, Yates county, New York, and a large part of his life was spent in that town. There he received his education, begun in the little district school, and finished — so far as schools were concerned — in the village academy; and there he lived until 1874, with the exception of three years which he spent in the army. In April, 18fi2, Mr. Shoemaker began business for himself as a carriage maker, forming a partnership for that purpose with his brother, John H. Shoema- ker. This association was destined to continue but a short time ; for in July of the same year Mr. Shoemaker gave up his business, and enlisted in company B, 148th New York volunteers. After serving for a short time as first sergeant of his com- pany, he was transferred to the regimental band, and continued in this capacity throughout the war, being mustered out June 30, 18(>5. Returning then to Dundee, Mr. Shoemaker en- gaged once more in his former trade of carriage making, forming a partnership with L. G. Terry that lasted for eight years or more. At the end of that time he determined to make a radical change in both location and occupation, and to seek a larger field of STEPHEN RYAN enterprise. Moving to Elmira, accordingly, in Feb- ruary, 1874, he engaged in the business of oil refin- ing with D. E. Bedell and John H. Bruen, under the firm name of Bedell, Shoemaker & Co. The firm prospered from the start, and four years after its organization the business was .sold to the Standard Oil Company, Mr. Shoemaker becoming the general manager of the company for the territory of southern New York. This was almost twenty years ago, and the fact that he has retained the office ever since is sufficient evidence of his ability in the conduct of extensive business enterprises. The corporation with which he is connected is universally known as one of the wealthiest and most powerful in the coun- try ; and Mr. Shoemaker, by virtue of his position 64 AfEX OF XEIV YORK— CHEMUNG SECT! OX therein, is an important factor in the commercial world. Mr. Shoemaker is far too busy a man to take an active part in political affairs. He served as alder- man of the 3d ward in Elmira for two years begin- ning in lS!)o ; Init though he has been urged to J. MOMiOE SHOEMAKER accept the candidacy for prominent positions in city and county, he has always refused to allow his name to be used in connection with such offices, feeling that the faithful discharge of their duties would make a greater demand upon his time than he would be able to meet. He is a trustee of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath, N. Y., and is the chairman of its house and grounds committee. Although not a politician, Mr. Shoemaker is a public-spirited citizen, and has been closely identi- fied for the past fifteen years with every movement in behalf of the growth and prosperity of Elmira. He was president of the Board of Trade for four years, and in that capacity was instrumental in attract- ing many new industries to the city, and thereby furthering its material welfare in a marked degree. He is a charter trustee of the Arnot-Ogden Memo- rial Hospital, and has been one of the managers of the City Club of Elmira since its organization. He is a member of St. Omer Commandery, Knights Templar, and of Baldwin Post, No. 6, Grand Army of the Republic, of Elmira. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY — J. Monroe Shoemaker 7vas bom at Dun- dee, N. Y., July SI, 18^2; was educated at Dundee Academy ; married Delia M. Benedict of Dundee September 11, 1862 ; served in the Union army, 1862-65 ; en- }(aged in the manufacture of carriages at Dundee, 1865-74 : woit to Elmira, N. V. , in 1874, and engaged in oil refning ; was alderman of Elmira, 1893-95 ; has been general manager of the Standard Oil Com- pany in southern New York since 1878. 5. Stewart Mells, one of Bing- hamton's most respected and jjublic- spirited citizens, was born near that city seventy-five years ago. His father, Chester Wells, was one of the earliest settlers of Broome county, having emi- grated thither from Norwich, Connecti- cut, in 1812 when only eighteen years old. There he married Polly Slyter, and there he made his home for a num- ber of years. Shortly after the birth of i our subject, however, the family moved to Steuben county, where Chester Wells carried on a mill and a country store until his death in 1828. Stewart Wells was but si.\ years old at this time, and for the ne.\t eleven years he made his home with an uncle at Mara- thon, Cortland county. After attending the district schools there he went to Binghamton in 1840, and completed his education at a select school. The next few years he spent in New York city ; but in 1848 he returned to Binghamton, and has been actively engaged in business there ever since. Be- ginning operations as a builder and contractor, he conducted the business for upwards of twenty years, and met with much success. In 1870 Mr. Wells gave up this occupation, and bought a half interest in the Binghamton Iron Works, manufacturing engines and boilers, which he con- ducted with M. W. Shapley until that gentleman's death in 1881. Since then he has been associated with Mr. Shapley's sons, J. E. and W. M., in the management of the enterprise. MEX OF NE]V YORK— CHEMUNG SECTION fiS In 1856 Mr. Wells began the manufacture of brick in addition to his other business. For this purpose he formed with Elijah \V. Bingham the firm of Wells & Bingham, and the association has continued ever since. In the forty-two years since its organization the business has entirely outgrown its modest begin- nings, and is to-day one of the large manufacturing industries of Binghamton. The marked success that has attended Mr. Wells's different enterprises is am|>le evidence of his strict and faithful atten- tion to the many demands of business life, and of his ability in the manage- ment of commercial affairs. His fellow- citizens have been sharers in this pros- perity, for he is always liberal in his support of worthy public movements, and has given largely to various public institutions. He has been a member of the board of managers of the Susque- hanna Valley Home ever since it was organized, and is a director of the Bing- hamton Trust Co. Mr. Wells has always been more or less interested in political affairs, and has several times consented to hold pub- lic office. So far back as 185() he was a member of the Broome-county board of supervisors, being the first supervisor from the town of Binghamton, which included the village of the same name, after the division of the old town of Chenango. In 1858 he served as presi- dent of the village of Binghamton. In 1865 he was one of the commissioners that had charge of the erection of the Court-street bridge ; aud in 1868 he was appointed a member of the first com- mission to build the waterworks now owned by the city of Binghamton, and valued at 12,000,000. In 1888 he was elected mayor of Binghamton, and served acceptably for one term in that honorable position. For more than half a century Mr. Wells has been a member of the Independent Order of Odd Fellows, and he has attended Christ Episcopal Church. Bing- hamton, for many years. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — J. Stewart Wells was born near Binghamton, N. Y., June 30, 1S22 ; 7iias educated in common and select schools ; married Hannah Barnes of Statrn Island, N'. Y. , ^^"tSS J. STEWART WELLS October 12, ISIfS ; ivas a builder and contractor in Binghamton, 181^8-70; 7vas elected mavor of Binghamton in 1883 ; has carried on the manufac- ture of brick at Binghamton since 1856, and has been half oifncr of the Binghamton Iron JForhs since 1870. GENESEE SECTION In the Genesee Section are pub- lished the biographies of subjects from the counties of Cayuga, Genesee, Liv- ingston, Monroe, Orleans, Wayne, and Wyoming. MEN OF THE GENESEE SECTION IReUbeU a. HC>amS, who in the medical pro- fession of Rochester ably represents the noted New England family from which he sprung, was born at Marion, N. Y., April 3, 1841. There he passed his boyhood, and received his education, at first in the public schools, and later at Marion Collegiate Insti- tute. In August, 1. CbarleS IF). IROWe, one of the leading lawyers of Dansville, N. Y., and district attorney of Livingston county, is a grandson of Erhard Rowe, one of the early settlers of that part of the state, who reared a family of seventeen chil- dren, and died there at the advanced age of ninety-seven. Mr. Rowe's father, George Rowe, died in Dansville in 1895, aged seventy-nine ; and his mother, Sarah Rowe, is still living there at the age of seventy-eight. Mr. Rowe was born on a farm in the town of Springwater about forty years ago, but moved to Dansville when he was thirteen years old. After completing the course at the Dansville Seminary, he attended Cook Academy at Havana, N. Y., from which he graduated in 1870. For the next two or three years he read law in Dansville offices, at first with Judge John A. Van Derlip, and later with Noyes & Hedges. He was admitted to the bar January 17, 1879, and at once began practice in Dansville. For about ten years he practiced alone ; but in 1890 he formed a partnership with John H. Coyne of Geneseo, under the style of Rowe & Coyne, that lasted for about a \ear. Again he practiced MEN OF NEW YORK— GENESEE SECT/ON 15 alone for several years; but in May, 1896, he established with Edward T. Fairchild the present firm of Rowe & Fairchild. Since the formation of this partnership Mr. Rowe has been much occupied with his duties as district attorney of Livingston county, a position to which he was elected in the fall of l-SHG by the Repub- licans of the district. It is a gratifying evidence of his popularity in the county, and of his recognized fitness for the office, that he received at that time a larger number of votes than the candidate for any other office, either national, state, or county. He was already well known in public life in Dansville, where he had filled several important oflices. In May, 1890, he was appointed postmaster of the place, and served initil July 31, 1894. He had been three times justice of the peace, and once trus- tee of the village ; and in 1895 had acted as corporation counsel of Dansville. Since his election as district attorney he has displayed the same ability and faith- fiilness in managing the legal affairs of the county that he has always shown in guarding the interests of his clients. Mr. Rowe has been an active member of the Protectives Fire Company of Dans- ville ever since he left college, and has filled successively all the different oflices in the local fire department. He is a director of the Merchants' and Farmers' National Bank of Dansville ; and acts as attorney for that institution, as also for the Dansville Loan Association, which he helped to organize. He is an Odd Fellow, and a member of the State Bar Association and the Rochester Whist Club; and attends St. Peter's Church, Dansville. His political success as a Republican in a Democratic town is only one evidence of his popularity, due to his agreeable personal qualities and gen- eral high standing in the community. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Charles Lf. Rowe was born in the town of Sprmgwafer, Livingston county, A'. V. , May 17, 1856: was educated at the ^ Dansville {N. Y.) Seminary and at Cook Academy, Havana, TV. Y. : studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870 ; married Adina Krein of Dansville August 29, 1883 ; was postmaster of Dansville, 1890-9^, Jus- tice of the peace, 1883-96, trustee of the village in 1894, and corpora/ion counsel in 1895; has been district attornev of Livingston county since January 1, 1897 ■ ©rlanbO JF. lEbOmaS, one of the leading business men of Lyons, N. Y., was born in Brook- lyn about forty years ago. The family is descended from Scotch ancestry through later English branches, and finally became established in New York state. Mr. Thomas's grandfather, Clarence Erastus Thomas, was a farmer; and his father, Benjamin Franklin Thomas, \\as a lumber dealer in Brooklyn for man)' years before his death in 1884. Mr. Thomas received his education in the Brook- lyn Polytechnic Institute, and afterward at Hines's Military Academy at Garden City, Long Island. He left school, however, when about fifteen years of age, and liegan business life. His first position was that of office boy in a Brooklyn sugar refinery, and he afterward became shipping clerk in a cofi'ee ware- house. With some unimportant exceptions these CHARLES H. ROWE two positions occupied his time for nearly ten years, and in both he gave ample evidence of the excellent business qualifications that have since been so fully displayed. 16 MEN OF NEW YORK— GENESEE SECTION When he was aliout twenty-four years old Mr. Thomas made a business engagement that laid the foundation for his remarkably successful career. He accepted a position as traveling salesman for the Manhattan Silver Plate Co., then a very modest establishment in New York city, in which James ORLANDO F. THOMAS Hyde Young was the controlling partner. Mr. Thomas not only .sold the goods of the company successfully, but suggested and instituted improve- ments that materially increased the prosperity of the business. Three years later he purchased the inter- est of Mr. Young's partner, and assumed charge of the factory. Under his management the line of goods manufactured was considerably increased, and within a short time the company moved into a fac- tory of their own in Brooklyn. In 1885 the busi- ness was incorporated, under the style of the Man- hattan Silver Plate Co., with a capital of $50,000, Mr. Young becoming the president of the concern, and Mr. Thomas its secretary. Since that time the success of the enterprise has been continuous and rapid. In 1889 the factory and general offices were moved to Lyons, N. Y., and the capital stock increased to S75,000 ; and this has since been fur- ther increased to $100,000. Mr. Thomas now holds a controlling interest in the corporation, and is its president and treasurer. In addition to the factories and salesrooms in Lyons, the company maintain branch offices in a number of the most important cities of the world, including New York, Chi- cago, St. Louis, San Francisco, London, Paris, Melbourne, and Sydney. All these offices are managed from the head- ([uarters at Lyons, and Mr. Thomas would be a busy man if he did nothing else but oversee the affairs of the Man- hattan Silver Plate Co. This is but one of his many enter- prises, however, although the most im- portant one. He is largely interested in several silverware factories in the United States and Canada; and is presi- dent of the Standard Silverware Co. of Toronto, and the New Haven Silver Plate Co. of Chicago. Some years ago he conceived the idea of uniting the malting establishments of the country ; and in company with Seymour Scott of Lyons he planned and organized the American Malting Co., commonly known as the Malt Trust. Mr. Scott is now man- ager of the company, and Mr. Thomas a member of the board of directors. In 1895 Mr. Thomas, in company with other leading citizens of Lyons, organ- ized the Bank of Wayne, a corporation with a capital of $50,000 and a surplus of over $10,000, and became its president. He is also connected with the Mercantile Supply Co. , which has branch offices throughout the United States. He was one of the incorporators of the Lyons Board of Trade, and has taken an active part in its work from the beginning. PERSONAL CHRONOL O G Y— Orlando Franklin T/iomas was born at Brooklyn November 12, 1856 ; was educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and nines' s Military Academy ; icas employed in various Brooklyn offices, 1871-80 ; married Emma Van Cleaf of Brooklyn June 25, 1880 ; became con- nected with the Manhattan Silver Plate Co., now of Lyons N. Y., in 1880, and has been its president since 1890 ; has been president of the Bank of ll'ayne at Lvons since its organization in 1805, and is largely interested in a number of business enterprises. MEX OF \EJl- )\1KK^GEXESKK SECT/OX 17 1l3CUr5 H. CEbilbS is most favorably known to the bar of western New York. His integrity is beyond dispute, his perception of legal points clear, quick, and sound, and his trained mind dispatches business with ease ; while his affability, both on the bench and in private life, is such as to win the con- fidence and esteem of all with whom he comes in contact. Justice C'hilds was born at Carlton, Orleans county, New York, and was edu- cated at Albion and Macedon academies. In the spring of 1859 he moved to Medina, N. Y., where he was admitted to the bar in the following year, and where he has lived ever since. While his early education had been good, the train- ing that made him the successful advocate and justice was received after he had completed his .school life. It was, in fact, the friction with the world, the active practice of law, and the ideas received from men of affairs, that prepared this young la«\er to assume at an early age a prominent place in the legal and politi- cal world of western New York. In lfS()0 he became associated in the practice of law with the firm of Sickels & Graves, and until 1867 the new firm of Sickels, (Iraves & C'hilds was well known through- out the western part of the state. In 1808 Mr. Childs was elected district at- torney of Orleans county, and continued to hold that office until 1877. In 187-'! he formed a partnership with Edmund L. Pitts, which lasted until 188;-!, when .Mr. Childs was raised to the bench. In business enterprises outside of his profe.ssion Justice Childs has never be- come interested, having given his whole time and attention to the theory of law and its ]jractical application to the questions constantly coming before him. His decisions in the General Term and the Circint Court are conceded to be good law. and are almost universally affirmed by the Court of .\ppeals, where his legal mind, wide reading, and sound judgment are fully appreciated, .\lways willing to listen and give attention to any new pha.se of legal questions, he rarely makes a mistake in the settlement of a test case. Like the rocking stones reared by the Druids of old, which the finger of a child can vibrate to the center, but which the might of an army can hardlv stir from position. Justice Childs po.ssesses a mind that cannot be swayed from the fundamental principles of justice and equity, though yielding to others in nonessentials and the technicalities of the law. In the Republican state convention at Saratoga in 1895, Justice Childs was favorably mentioned as a candidate for a.ssociate judge of the Court of Appeals ; but the (|uestion of locality told against his candidacy. > ///■:\A-)- ./. I ///j./>s the elevation of Justice Haight to that court a year before ha\ing given western New York a representa- tive. In politics Justice Childs has always been a stanch Republican, not because of the political pre- ferment to be gained from the party, but l)ecause of his belief in its principles. His courteous personality and evident desire to do strict and impartial justice according to tlie spirit and letter of the law, have won golden opinions from men of all political faiths, who agree that he lias done much to bulwark the judiciary of western New York against the rising tide of popular rancor that has assailed the bench in .\ew York citv. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y — Henry Augustine Childs 7vas Iwrn at Carltott, Orleans county. 18 MEN OF NEW YORK— GENESEE SECTION N. Y., July 17, 1836; was educated in the common schools of Orleans county, and at Albion and Macedon (jV. K) academies; married Julia B. Freemati No- vember 16, 1S59 ; was admitted to the bar in 1860, and began the practice of law in Medina, N. Y. , tJie same vear ; was district attorney of Orleans county, JAMES G. CUTLER 1868-77 ; 7oas elected Justice of the Supreme Court in November, 1883; received the degree of LL. D. from Williams College in October, 1893. 3ai1lC5 (B. Cutler is a man of busy brain and fertile ideas. He has an artistic temperament, and is at the same time endowed with the inventive instinct so characteristic of the genuine Yankee, but not confined to him. Quick to appreciate the need of improvements, he has been equally quick to supply them. Mental activity and bodily vigor are his chief characteristics ; and though he has not yet passed the half-century mark, the length of his life is not to be measured by his years, but by what he has accom- 1 dished. Mr. Cutler was obliged to leave school when only si.xteen years of age, and to go to work in a carriage factory. A few years later he began the study of architecture in the office of Nichols & Brown in his native city of Albany. After three years' study and apprenticeship in this office, he moved to Rochester to become the principal a,ssistant in the office of architect A. J. Warner. He held this position for several years, and was then Mr. Warner's partner for one year. Beginning the practice of his pro- fession alone in 1876, he met with ex- cellent success ; and the city of Rochester contains to-day many buildings designed and erected by him. The need of better mail facilities in modern office buildings and apartment houses set Mr. Cutler's inventive mind to work, and the result was the mail chute now so generally used in large buildings. Mr. Cutler is the patentee of this device, and in company with his brother he owns and conducts the extensive business of the Cutler Manufacturing Co., which is engaged in the construction of mail chutes and the Cutler system of mail boxes. During the last twelve years Mr. Cutler's time has been so fully occupied with this concern and with other mer- cantile enterprises that he has found it desirable to relinquish his professional work. Few men in Rochester are more prominently identified with the com- mercial life of the city. He has large real-estate interests ; and he is president of the Rochester Chamber of Commerce, vice president of the Alliance Bank, and a trustee of the Post-Express Printing Co. In public life Mr. Cutler is a growing political factor. An ardent Republican, he has been fre(|uently honored by his party. In 1orii at Lockport, N. V. , September IS, 1846 ; zvas ediuatei/ in IVisconsin ; married Mary E. Storms of Elba, N. Y., January 15, 1867 ; engaged in farming at Elba, 1867-71 : was employed as clerk in Bataina, N. K, 1871-81 : was elected member of as- sembly in 1888 and 1889 ; has conducted a clothing and furnishing store in Batavia since 1881. SatfOrJ) JE. IRortb became county judge and surrogate of Clenesee county at the age of thirty-six. His career has been that of a quick-witted and studious lawyer, with a deep interest in public affairs, and in that higher type of politics that seeks the general good rather than mere private ends. He has pro\ed him- self to be a man of imusual energy, and has received distinguished evidence of the high regard in which he is held by the citizens of Genesee county. As a judge, and as referee in a large number of cases, his course has been marked by careful research and rigid impartiality. He is respected by lawyers, and has the con- fidence of litigants. At the Republican convention held in Buffalo in 1895, he was a prom- inent candidate for justice of the Supreme Court of the 8th judicial district. In addition to his legal studies Judge North has found time to read much on literary and scientific subjects, and he is a cultured, well-educated man. He is an accomplished public speaker, having for many years delivered addresses whenever occasion required on political, patriotic, social, and other topics. While still a law student he took the stump in the exciting presi- dential campaign of 1876, the famous Hayes-Tilden contest, and has done admirable work in e\erv ])resi- dential campaign since. Judge North was a (lenesee-county boy, and was born on a farm about tbrty-four years ago. After spending three }'ears in the Genesee and Wyoming Seminary at Alexander, N. Y., he took the com- petitive examination for the free .scholarship in Cornell University, won the prize, and entered, at the age of .sixteen, the first freshman class of the university. After taking part of the course S.U-FOKD K. XOKI'H at Cornell, he was ohligetl to leave college. He then worked in summer on his father's farm, and taught countrv schools in winter imtil he became of age. Having determined to become a lawver, he 26 ^fE^' OF XEir VORK—iiEXESEE SECTION began his studies with Judge Lucius N. Bangs of Le Roy, afterward continuing them in the office of William C. Watson of Batavia. He was twenty-five years old when admitted to the bar. He was well known in Batavia, and at once began practice, alone, in that place. ^\ ^ r^ CHARLES T. SAXTUX Bringing to the profession a mind more mature than that of most young lawyers, and a wider experi - ence in the affairs of the world, he built up a practice rapidly. He was elected district attorney only two years after his admission to the bar, and served for .six years. Within two years after retiring from this office, he was chosen county judge and surrogate, and he is now serving his second term as such. Judge North is an Episcopalian. He has taken an active interest in the work of the Young Men's Christian Association, and was for several years presi- dent of the organization at Batavia. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Saffoni E. North was born at Alexander, Genesee county, N. Y. , Jaiuiar\ 27, 1852 : 7i'as educated at Genesee and Wyoming Seminary, Alexander, and spent one year at Cornell University ; taught school, 1869-73 ; was ad- mitted to the bar at Syracuse in 1878, and began prac- tice at Batavia, N'. Y. : married Cora Munroc Griswold of Batavia November 23, 1881 ; 7oas elected district attorney in 1880, and was re-elected in 1883 : has been county judge and surrogate of Genesee countv since 1888. Cbarles Z. Saiton of ciyde, lieutenant governor of New York, was nominated for this office at the Repub- lican state convention of 18!J4. There was a large field of candidates. Prob- ably the most skillful speech of the con- vention, all things considered, was that of Mr. Saxton's sponsor, Anson S Wood. It dwelt, not on the candidate's record as a statesman, with which all men's minds were filled, but on his service as a boy soldier in the Rebellion, and on his estimable qualities as a man and a neighbor. This was a brand-new side of Saxton's personality to most of the auditors, and it is a story well worth telling again. Mr. Saxton was born in the Wayne- county village where he still lives. At the outbreak of the war he was fifteen years old, and a clerk in a dry-goods store. Previously he had attended the village high school, and he was then trying to fit himself for college. He enlisted in the OOth New York infantry. The regiment was sent to Ke\- W'est, Florida, where two hundred of its mem- bers died of yellow fever. Young Saxton saw his first service at the siege of Port Hudson. He was in the Red-river cam- paign, and in the Shenandoah valley with Sheridan. The ])rivations of the march through the valley nearly ended his career. He was sent to a hospital to die, but lived to be mustered out as sergeant major. To close Mr. Saxton's military record here, it may be said that he never "appealed to the soldier vote," though he has held high office in the Grand Army of the Republic. Mr. Saxton studied law after his return to Clyde. He was admitted to practice at the age of twenty- one, and was married .soon thereafter. He opened an office in Grand Rapids, Mich., but returned to the East after two years. He has practiced his profession in Clyde ever since, where he has been a "counsel learned in the law." ME\ OF XEW YORK— GENESEE SECTION The rural lawyer almost always becomes a poli- tician. Mr. Saxton did better — he became a states- man. He served his apprenticeship in various village offices, and then graduated into the legislature. He was a member of assembly, 1887-89, and a state senator, 1X90-94. His term as lieutenant governor began January 1, 1895. The name of Charles T. Saxton is associated with most of the reform legislation of all these years. He introduced the Australian ballot system in New York, and put on the statute books the first and only Corrupt Practices act ever passed in this state. As temporary president of the senate, in 1894, he ap- pointed the Lexow committee, which investigated the Tammany government of New York with so startling results ; and by a resolution of his colleagues he served as a member of that committee up to the time of his election as lieutenant governor. As president of the senate he was of great assistance in undoing the vicious legis- lation which a previous legislature had fastened upon Buffalo. His words, " I will call the roll," successfully employed to defeat a piece of political chicanery, recall an historic episode in the methods of presiding officers. Charles T. Saxton may best be de- scribed as a practical reformer. He is not extreme in either aims or methods. He has always been abreast of the best political sentiment of his time. He has gone about his work unostentatiously, and has done it thoroughly. His judgment and his justice are praised even by his opponents. Probably no one ever dis- liked him personally. Despite the interruptions to his early education, Mr. Saxton' s tastes are those of the scholar. He has received the de- gree of Doctor of Laws from Union Uni- versity, and in 1892 he was elected honorary chancellor of that institution. He has been a favorite speaker before educational bodies. He was the legisla- tive champion of the University Ex- tension movement. He writes fluently and forcibly, and has been a contributor to the newspaj^ers, and to the North American Jierie'a>. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Charles T. Saxton 7uas born at Clyde, Wayne county, N. V. , yu/y 2, 18Jf6 ; tuas educated in the viUage schools ; served in the Union army, 1861-66 ; 7vas ad- mitted to the bar in December, 1S67 ; married Helen M. Field of Clyde October 1, 1868 : was member of assembly, 1887-89, and state senator, 1890-9 Jf ; was inaugurated lieutenant governor of Nno York Janu- ary 1. 189-',. HlbCrt %. Swett is one of the solid, sub- stantial business men of Medina, where he has lived for the past thirty years. Practically his whole life has been spent in Orleans county. He was born there less than fifty years ago, in the town of Ridge- way. In early childhood he was taken to Illinois, where his education was commenced at the age of seven years. In his sixteenth year, however, he returned to his native county, and settled in Medina, which has ever since been his home. He entered Medina Academy, and there completed his education. ALBERT L. S]VKTT The following year he left school, and secured employment in the foundry of the Bignall Mfg. Co. of Medina. This concern does a large business, and during the seven vears that he remained with 28 MEN OF XEW YORK—GEXESEE SECTIOX them he acciuired a knowledge of good business methods, and slowly accumulated from his wages a sum sufficient to enable him to go into business for himself. Finally, in 1873, with a capital of S1200 that he had saved in this way, he formed a partnership with W. H. Samson, under the firm name of Samson & Swett. The new firm followed the same general line of business with which Mr. Swett was already familiar, and began the manufacture of iron hardware specialties. The venture was successfiil from the start, and in 1" Bancroft, Buffalo, 1S75- 80 ; has conducted a drv-xvor/s husiness at Rochestiv since 1880. .1. n. l..4U-KE.\CE H. 36. XawrCUCC l>elongs to a family that has given to the nation many men distinguished in busi- ness, literature, and the professions, as well as in military and public life; and he has contributed his share in maintaining the distinction and jirestige of the family name. John Lawrence, the founder of the family in the United States, was a lineal descendant of Robert Lawrence, who followed Richard Cceur dc Lion in the Crusades, and was knighted for his bravery. John Lawrence came to this country with Governor Win- throp in 1630, and settled in New England. In 182(i, Colonel Lawrence's parents moved from Con- necticut, and settled in Warsaw, N. Y. ; and there Colonel Lawrence was born Ma\ IH, LHo4. He made good use of his earl\ educational advan- tages, and was already well advanced in his studies when he was put to work, at the age of twelve, in a bookstore. The opportunities for acipiiring addi- tional knowledge were most valuable to a lad of his studious habits and ambition, .\t the end of seven \ears he was employed by a large pub- lishing house in Buffalo, in which he held a res])onsible position until 1856. He then spent two years in the drug business at Niagara Falls, N. Y., and in liS.>8 returned to his native town of Wur- saw. In companv with associates, in lcS59, he built and operated the Warsaw Gas Light Works, purcha.sed and oper- ated a foundry and machine shop, and conducted a mercantile business. He was actively engaged in these oper- ations when the Civil War, with its call to patriotism and .self-sacrifice, broke in upon his life. He entered the army, as quartermaster of the regiment that after- wards became famous as the 1st New York dragoons. Colonel Lawrence's military career was long and varied, as he served in the commissary, ordnance, and quartermaster's departments, in the Army of the Potomac and the Army of the James, and in the 4th, 7th, 10th, 18th, and 24th army corps and cavalry corps. During this .service he received from President Lincoln a commission as captain and a.ssistant quartermaster gen- eral United States volunteers ; and was promoted to the rank of major, and later to that of lieutenant colonel, in the quar- termaster's department, U. S. A. During the campaign that ended in the surren- der of General Robert E. Lee, Colonel Lawrence served as chief quartermaster of the Army of the James ; and upon the capitulation at Appo- mattox Court House, he was designated to receive the surrender, to dispose of the property of that part of the Confederate army, and to assist in pro- viding for the peaceable return to their homes of the Southern officers and soldiers. When this had been accomplished, Colonel Lawrence was detailed for duty near the Rocky mountains, where he rendered efficient service. The region abounded at that time with buffalo, antelopes, wolves, and hos- tile Indians. In 1866 he was mustered out of service, receiving brevet commissions from the war department "for faithful and meritorious services during the war." MEN OF XEir ]'ORK— GENESEE SECTION VoT a tew years Colonel Lawrence then engaged, among other interests, in the development of the slate industry in Canada. In 1870 he became con- nected with the lumber business in Buffalo, and later he returned to his old home in Warsaw. There he has lived since, occupying himself with various man- ufacturing and mercantile pursuits and public affairs. Colonel Lawrence has been interested for years in the National Guard. He was active in perfecting the organization of the National Cuard Association of the State of New York, and was for ten years its recording secretary and a member of its executive committee. He is a member of the Grand .\rmy of the Republic, and was chosen delegate at large from the state department to the Centennial National En- campment held in Philadelphia in 1876. He is also a member of the Military Order of the Loval Legion of the United States, and of other mili- tary organizations and a.ssociations, and is prominent in the Masonic fraternity. He was one of the organizers of the Warsaw Board of Trade, and has been its secretary and a member of its board of directors. He served for five consecu- tive years as president of the Wyoming County Agricultural Society, and for four years as president of the state association. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Abram B. Lawrence was Iwt-n at War- sa7v, TV", v., May 18, 18-U ; 7vas in business in Biijfalo, 185^-56, and in Niagara Falls, N. V., 1836-58; mar- ried Elizabeth Faulkner of Wheatland, N. Y. , March 26, 1857 : was in business i?t Warsa70, 1858-62 ; 7inth associates, built and operated the IFarsa7ci Gas Light Co. , 1859-62 ; served in the Union army, 1862-66 ; engaged in slate mining and manufacturing in Canada, 18G7-70, anil in the lumber business in Bujfalo, 1870- 71 : has lii'ed at Warsaw since 187 1 , engaged in mercantile pursuits and in pub- lic affairs. IFDenrV? XT. IHOVeS, well known in Rochester in both private and public life, was born in Yates county. New York. He is of Puritan and Huguenot stock, his paternal ancestors having left Normandy for England in the twelfth century. One of his forefathers became attorney- general of England under Queen Elizabeth. His family were among the first Puritan exiles to Hol- land, and later its members led the party of Puri- tans that founded Newburyport, Mass., soon after the Pilgrim settlement at Plymouth. Descendants of these pioneers settled in Connecticut, and one of them was chairman of the first board of trustees of Yale College, and a generous donor to its first endowment. On the other side, history records that General Noyes's mother belonged to a family that originally came to the new world to escape the persecutions of the Huguenots. Among her ances- tors, also, is the Ruscoe who suffered for the Protes- tant faith during the persecutions of James IL With such inspiration in the past, (jeneral Noyes began early in life to maintain the honor of the family name. He was brought up under the whole- some discipline of a rigid Presbyterian family, and amid the endless duties of a farmer's boy. After graduating from Starkey .Seminary in his native town HEXKV T. xo)/-:s at the age of sixteen, he taught a village school for a year in a neighboring county. He then studied sur- veying, and practiced it in central New York. He was ambitious, however, to follow the legal 34 MEN OF NEW YORK— GENESEE SECT/ON profession ; and after a course of private study he entered tfie law school of Columbia College. At the beginning of his senior year, in August, 1862, he left the law school and entered the army. He was mustered into the United States service as adjutant of the 148th New York volunteers, was promoted to be major of the same regiment, and later colonel of United States volunteers ; and dur- ing the campaign of 18(j4 he was inspector general of the 2d division, 18th army corps. His first ser- vice was in the department of Virginia. He was afterward with the Army of the James, and then with the Army of the Potomac. At the close of the war General Noyes turned his attention to mercantile pursuits, taking up his resi- dence in the state of Michigan, and engaging in the lumber business. The proceeds of his various com- mercial operations have been largely invested in property of this kind, including timber lands in the Northwest and e.xtensive tracts of red wood in north- ern California. In 1870 he became the manager and part owner of the National Yeast Co. of Seneca Falls, N. Y. He has also been interested to some extent in miscellaneous manufactures. In political affairs General Noyes has been an ardent Republican ever since the organization of the party, and he was a delegate from his town to county conventions before he was old enough to vote. From 1870 until 1891, with the exception of three years spent abroad, he lived in Seneca Falls, and took a prominent part in the affairs of the town. In 1880 he was elected to the board of education, be- coming president of the board the next year ; and in 1881 he was elected president of the village of Seneca Falls. Since 1891 CJeneral Noyes has made his resi- dence in Rochester, and has continued to share in the counsels of the Republican leaders. In 1890 he was nominated for congress by the Republi- cans of the district composed of Chemung, Seneca, Tompkins, and Schuyler counties. The election was exceedingly close, and a protracted contro- versy arose over the congressional count. The following summary of the famous case is taken from an authoritative source : ■' 'Ihe uiiginal icUiriis sliowed General Xoyes's election by several hundred pkirality. Kvery court in the .state of New- York, including the Court of Appeals, a majority of whose mem- bers were Democrats, by their decisions declared Mr. Noyes elected. To avoid the mandates of the courts, the state lioard of canvassers was hastily summoned, in advance of its usual session, and the certificate of election was awarded to his op- ponent, although the records on file to-day in the office of the secretary of state show General Noyes' s election. The com mittee on elections of the o2d congress, composed of nine Dem- ocrats and six Republicans, by an almost unanimous vote, declared (General Noves elected. The house, althouirh I )emocratic by a majority of nearly l.">0, declared his opponent seated by a close vote of only twenty-two majority. Fifty Democrats voted against such action, and (ifty-seven did not vote at all." General Noyes is well known in military circles. The years 1883-85 he spent in Europe, devoting considerable time to the study of modern military science. He is greatly interested in the subject, and has continued the study at irregular intervals since then. Becoming lieutenant colonel of the 49th reg- iment, N. c;., S. N. Y., March 21, 1879, he was brevetted colonel June 9 of the same year. He was appointed by Governor Morton commissary general of subsistence of the state of New York, with the rank of brigadier general, April 4, 1895 ; and was reappointed to the same office by Governor Black January 1, 1897. General Noyes is much interested in yachting, and is one of the older members of the New York Yacht Club. He has a delightful summer residence on Nantucket island, where he spends four months of the year and indulges his love of the sea. He is a member of the United Service Club and of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion, an associate member of the Military Service Institution, and a life member of the Society of the Army of the Potomac. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Hairy Taylor Noyes ivas boni at Starkey, N. Y. , August 10, 1840 ,• graduated from Starkey Seminaty, and studied at Col- umbia College Law School ; served in the Union army, 1862-65; engaged in the lumber business in iWielu'gan, 1865-70 : married Lu Chamberlain of Seneca Falls, N. Y. , September 29, 1860 ; was manager and part ozvner of the National Yeast Co. of Seneca Falls, 1870-79 : has been commissary general of subsistence of the state of Neiv York since April ^ , 1895 : has lived in Rochester since 1801. iFranfi /ID. parsons was born in the town of Camillus, Onondaga county. New York, in 1848. He has spent virtually his whole life not far from the place of his nativity, and has thus become thor- oughly identified vvith central New York. His early education was obtained in the common .schools of Granby, Oswego Falls, and Van Buren ; and the academy at Baldwinsville also contributed to his preparatory training. His ultimate aim during these years of youth was the legal profession, but he was forced by stress of circumstances to obtain his end by somewhat roundabout methods. He worked on a farm for some time, became a clerk in a general store, and taught school for four terms. His plans were so well contrived, however, that he was able in his nineteenth year to enter upon the ME.\ OF XEir YORK—GE.XESEE SECTION 35 systematic and continuous study of law in the office of William B. Mills at VVeedsport, N. Y. The office method of learning law has been used with great success by many distinguished attorneys, and Mr. Parsons had no difficulty in mastering the subject sufficiently for bar-examination purposes Admitted to practice in the spring of 1871, he opened an office in Weedsport, and has ever since carried on his pro- fession in that locality. Until April 1, 1879, he practiced alone, but for ten years thereafter was associated with Wil- liam I. Cornwell in the firm of Parsons & Cornwell. Since 1889 Mr. Parsons has been much occupied with public affairs, and has found it possible to con - duct his private practice without partner- ship assistance. Interested in political questions at an early period of life, Mr. Parsons has be- come increasingly prominent in public affairs. He believes heartily in the principles of the Republican party, and has always worked hard for the success of the cause. He has held various posi- tions of trust and responsibility in the public service. Becoming village clerk when a young man, he was afterward made town clerk, and then a special county judge. In the fall of 1885 he was elected to the state assembly from the first assembly district of Cayuga county, and in 1886 he was re-elected. In 1894 he became confidential clerk to the attorney-general of the state, and later in the same year he was appointed one of the deputy attorney-generals. He is still discharging the duties of that position. Mr. Parsons is well known in Weedsport and Cayuga county, and is prominent socially as well as politically and professionally. He belongs to the order of Odd Fellows, the Knights of Pythias, and the Good Templars. He is a member of the Meth- odist Episcopal church. PERSONAL CHJiONOLOGY—Frands Mar- ion Parsons rvas born at Caniilliis, A'. Y., August 19, 18Jf8 ; was educated at common schools and Bald- winsville {N. Y.) Academy : studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 : married Hattie E. Bib- bens of Weedsport, N'. Y., October 2S, 1871: was viember of assembly, 1886-87 ; has been a deputy attorney-general since 1804 : has practiced law in Weedsport since 1871. XClUUam lb. Se\Val•^ was born at Auburn, N. Y., in the old historic family homestead erected in 1816 by his maternal grandfather. Judge Elijah Mil- ler, and now known as the "Seward mansion. " He is the third and youngest son of the late Wil- liam H. Seward, secretary of state under President IRAXK M- IWRSOXS Lincoln. In personal appearance and in many mental characteristics General Seward strongly resembles his illustrious father. He has the same measured and deliberate manner of speech, and the tone and inflection of his voice remind the hearer of the utterance of the great statesman. A severe afflic- tion of the eyes in childhood, at one time threaten- ing total loss of sight, rendered close and continuous study impossible ; but the indefatigable assistance of his highly intellectual mother, supplemented later on by the instruction of competent tutors, made up to a great e.xtent for this misfortune. At the age of eighteen young Seward secured a clerkship in a hardware store in Albany, where he re- mained two years. He then became private secretary 36 AfKX OF \Eir VORk-— GENESEE SECT/OX tor his father, at that time United States senator ; and in that capacity made the personal acquaintance of many of the most distinguished men of the day. The next year he organized at Auburn, in connection with his early friend, Clinton D. MacDougall, the banking house of William H. Seward & Co. This WILLIAM H. SEWAfiD venture was interrupted by the call to arms in 1861, which appealed strongly to both the young men. Early in 1862, his partner having gone to the front some months before, young Seward was appointed one of the war committee of his congressional district, and became secretary of the committee. During that summer he vs'as engaged in enlisting and forwarding troops. In August, leaving his business in trustworthy hands, he accepted an appointment as lieutenant colonel of the 138th New York volunteers, afterward the 9th New York heavy artillery. The regiment was assigned to duty in Haskins's division, '22d army corps, defense of Washington, where Lieu- tenant Colonel Seward took an active part in the con- struction of several large forts north of the Potomac. The most important of these was Fort Foote at Rosier's bluff, which still remains as one of the his- toric landmarks of the Rebellion ; where he mounted and first used the largest land ordnance then known to the service. In the spring of 1863 he was sent by the President on a delicate secret mission to New Orleans, and to General Banks, then operating on the Bayou Teche in Louisi- ana. 'I'his service he satisfactorily ac- complished, though not without much danger and hardship. The ne.xt year, having been promoted to the rank of colonel, he joined the .Army of the Poto- mac with his regiment, which thereafter became part of Rickett's 3d division, 6th army corps. He participated in many of the engagements around Petersburgh and Richmond ; and at the battle of Cold Harbor led a successful assault on the rebel earthworks, with a loss to his regi- ment of 142 killed and wounded. For its gallant service in this engagement General Rickett's division received spe- cial commendation from General Meade. On July 6, with four companies of his regiment. Colonel Seward was hurriedly sent to Frederick, Md., to oppose the advance of General Early ; and at the battle of Monocacy, three days later, he was slightly wounded in the arm, and received a broken ankle from the fall of his horse, shot under him in the final charge. General Lew Wallace, who commanded the Union forces, reported Colonel Seward as having acted with ^^' rare gallantry ; and he soon afterward received an appointment as brigadier general of volunteers "for gallant and meritorious services," accompanied by a complimentary autograph letter from Secretary Stan- ton. As soon as his wounds permitted. General Sew- ard was sent to Martinsburgh in command of the 1st brigade, 3d division, department of West Virginia, then operating in the Shenandoah valley ; and for a short time, after the capture of General Crook, he was in command of the same division at Harper's Ferry. At the close of the war General Seward returned to Auburn, and resumed his place at the head of his banking house, which, through his energy and fore- sight, has long been recognized as one of the strong- est institutions of its kind in central New York. He has also been connected with many other business enterprises, and has had a prominent part in the pub- lic and social life of his native citv. He was one of .}/£.y OF .\Eir )'ORK— GENESEE SECTION 37 the builders of the Southern Central railroad, now a part of the Lehigh Valley system, and acted as its financial officer for several years. He is an active director of the American Express Co. In politics he has always been an enthusiastic adherent of the Republican party ; but, though frequently mentioned by his friends for political honors, he has usually preferred to devote himself to business life. In 1884 he was a prominent candidate for governor of New York state. He has twice been nominated as an elector at large on the state presidential ticket, and was made president of the electoral college in 1889 by the unanimous choice of his associates. For several years General Seward has maintained in Auburn at his own expense, free reading rooms, which have grown in popularity until the average attendance each season now reaches forty thousand. It is needless to say that he is univer- sally esteemed and respected in the community, which has long revered the great name he so honorably bears. His ripened judgment on public afifairs and in business enter]3rises is recognized by his fellow-citizens ; and his advice and counsel are eagerly sought, and freely given. Hospitality as generous as it is unostentatious prevails in his home, and its historic treasures, gathered from dif- ferent parts of the globe, are displayed to all. Mr. Seward's distinguishing traits of character are absolute loyalty to friends, to party, and to principles ; un- swerving integrity and purity of life ; and a generous interest in all things pertaining to the welfare of the com- munity. He is president of the Cayuga County Historical Society and of the City Club of Auburn ; vice president of the City Hospital and of the Cayuga County Savings Bank ; and a trustee of Wells College, Aurora, N. Y. He be- longs to the G. A. R., the Loyal Legion, and the Sons of the Revolution ; and is a member of the Llnion League and Transportation clubs of New York city, and of the United States Service Club. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — William Henry Seward was born at Au- burn, N Y., June 18, 1S39 ; was edu- cated by private tutors ; was clerk in a store in Albatiy, 1857-59, and private secretary to his father, 1859-60 ; married Janet McNeil Watson of Auburn June 27, 1860 ; served in the Union army, 1862-05 ; was a presidential elector at large in 1889 : since the close of the war has made his home in Auburn, engaged in banking, and in other business enterprises. 50bU ID. XTcllCr, ex^surrogateofCayuga coun- ty, was born on a farm in Washington county. New York, fifty-two years ago. He is the second son of Benjamin F. and Elizabeth Du Bois Teller, both natives of Dutchess county ; who, after living for a time in (ireene county, settled near Sandy Hill, N. Y., in 1845. Judge Teller's childhood was passed on the home farm, but when he was seven years old his parents moved to the neighboring village of Sandy Hill. There he attended the public schools, and afterward prepared for college in the classical school of William McLaren, somewhat famous in its day. Entering Williams College at the age of eigh- teen, he pursued his studies with the same persistent J(}H\ D. TELLER application that has characterized his professional career ; and in spite of the disadvantage of somewhat insufficient prejjaratory training, he graduated with his class in 18t)7, and had the honor of delivering 3!^ MEX OF \EW ■ORK— GENESEE SECT/0 A' an oration on commencement day. Among his classmates were G. Stanley Hall, Hamilton W. Mabie, Francis Lynde Stetson, and President Dole of the Hawaiian Republic. Having succeeded during his college course in overcoming a natural timidity in public speaking that would have .seriously interfered with his success as a lawyer. Judge Teller at once set about prepar- ing himself for the profession of his choice. Enter- ing the office of Hughes & Northup at Sandy Hill, he devoted himself for three years to the work of a law student. The firm conducted a large practice, and the young man was able to gain there a thorough knowledge of legal science. He received his diploma at a general term of the Supreme Court held at Schenectady in September, 1870 ; and after practic- ing for a short time at Sandy Hill he moved, in December, 1872, to Auburn, where he has ever since resided. Until May, 187"), Judge Teller was associated in his law practice with the late David Wright, and thereafter for several years he worked alone. Janu- ary 1, 1890, he formed a partnership with William H. Hotchkiss, a young lawyer of marked ability who had been a student in his office, and had served as clerk of the court during the latter [jart of Judge Teller's term as surrogate. At the end of the year Mr. Hotchkiss moved to Buffalo, and Judge Teller then formed his present partnership with Thomas M, Hunt, who had likewise studied in his office. Judge Teller's practice has been a varied one, but has con- sisted largely of work in the higher courts. His accurate knowledge of his profession, keen discrimi- nation regarding nice points of law, and close atten- tion to the interests of his clients, are well known ; and he has also an enviable reputation for uprightness and love of justice. Judge Teller's political career began while he was still a law student, when he was elected clerk of the village of Sandy Hill and justice of the peace in 1868, defeating the Republican candidate in a town that usually gave a majority of a hundred to that party. In 1871 he was nominated for district attor- ney of Washington county : but was defeated, though he reduced somewhat the normal Republican major- ity. After his removal to Auburn he held no public office until 1877, when he became police justice of the city, a position that he held for nearly three years. In 1883 he was elected surrogate of Cayuga county for a term of six years. In 1887 he was the Democratic candidate for justice of the Supreme Court in his district, and in 1889 he ran for state senator. In 1893 he was strongly recommended by nearly every lawyer in his own county, as well as by many in the other counties of the district, to fill a vacancy on the bench of the Supreme Court ; and it is altogether likely that the petition would have been granted had not Governor Flower felt it neces- sary that the appointment should go to Monroe county. In the fall of 1895 Judge Teller received the honor of a nomination by the Democratic party for the office of judge of the Court of Appeals. Like many other busy men. Judge Teller has been called upon to devote much time to charitable and other important positions of trust. Besides being a director of the Cayuga County National Bank, he is trustee of the Auburn City Hospital, the Central Presbyterian Church, and the Auburn Theological Seminary. He is a man of most genial disposition, and during his residence of twenty-five years in Auburn has become one of the most popular men in the city. He is fond of books, his reading extending over a wide range of subjects. His special diver- sions are golf and driving. He takes great pride in his well appointed stables, and in the s])irited ani- mals that occupy them. PERSO NA L CHR ONOLOG Y—Jchn Du Bois Teller was born near Sandy Hill, N. Y., May 11, 18If~) : graduated frojn Williams College, WilliamsUnon, Mass., in lS(i7 ; studied law, and k'os admitted to the bar in 1870 ; 7iias clerk of the village of Sandy Hill and Justice of the peace, 1868—72 ; was police Justice of Auburn, N. ¥., 1877-80, and sur- rogate of Cayuga county, 1884.-89 ; has practiced latv at Auburn since 1872. Ernest IR. MillarCt, editor in chief of the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle, was born at Jamestown, N. Y., in 1854. He was educated at the Jamestown Collegiate Institute, in wliich he prepared for college, and from which he graduated in 1873. Instead of taking a collegiate course he entered at once upon journalistic work. At that time ex-Governor M'aite of Colorado was editor of the Jamestown Journal, and Mr. Willard began his career in the newspaper world as local editor under Mr. Waite. After remaining with the Journal two years, Mr. Willard became a reporter on the Buffalo Express, and continued with that paper about a year. He then moved to Rochester, and joined the local staff of the Democrat and Chronicle. Edw'ard L. Adams, who has long been identified with the Elmira Daily Advertiser, was in those days city editor of the Democrat and Chronicle; and Mr. \\'illard succeeded him in 1880. He remained in this posi- tion until 188(5, when he was advanced to the post of managing editor ; and in 1890 he was again pro- moted to his present position of editor in chief. .\/K\ OF XEJi' )'ORk'~GE\ESEE SECTIO.X 39 Mr. Willard is a clear, concise, and vigorous writer, and is an adept in the art of editorial man- agement. He is thoroughly informed on topics of the day, and has the courage of his convictions. Early in his career he developed unusual admin- istrative ability in his chosen profession. With an intuitive knowledge of the needs of a modern daily newspaper and quick and accurate judgment, he combines rare skill in gathering news and ability in commenting upon it. These qualities, together with tact in his relations with his associates, have contributed largely to the success that he has achieved in the important positions held by him in the journalistic profession. When called to the chief editorship of the Democrat atid Chronicle, he was the youngest man in the country occupying that ])osition on an important daily newspaper. In social life Mr. Willard is widely known, and is as widely liked. P"or many years he was secretary of the Rochester Club. He belongs, also, to the (Genesee Valley Club, the Rochester Athletic Association, and the Country Club. He attends the Protestant Epis- copal church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Ernest Russell Willard was born al Jamestown, N. Y., March 11, 18 o 4 : 7vas educated at the Jamestown Collegiate Lnstitute : was local editor of the James- town '■^Journal," 1873—75, and a re- porter/or the Buffalo ' ' Express, ' ' 1875— 76 ,■ has been on the staff of the Rochester ' ' Democrat and Chronicle ' ' since 1870, and has been editor in chief si?ice 1890. Elmer JE. HlniV has been identified with hotel service and management for a long time, and is now- one of the best-known men in the business. He is descended from excellent stock, tracing his ancestry on the maternal side to English origin, and on the other side to a family of Erench Huguenots. His great-grandfather, John Osborn, fought in the army of the Revolution, and thus heljied to found the republic. Mr. Almy was born in Rochester shortly after the middle of the century. He attended the public schools of the Flower City, and afterward took a course at De Graff's Collegiate Institute in Roches- ter. Having acquired a good general education, he left school at the age of eighteen and began his business career in the store of his father, P. G. Almy, who conducted a pharmacy in Rochester for many years. He remained with his father until LS72, when he went to Detroit, Mich., to enter the drug business of Wheeler & Garfield. He worked with them about one year. KR.XEST K. WILLARD Mr. Almy had now reached his majority, and had to decide whether to make the drug business his life-work or to select some other calling that might seem more promising. Having obtained a favorable opening in the hotel business, he concluded lo try his fortunes in that field of enterprise. He began his long career as a hotel man in ]87o by entering the service of the Reed House, Erie, Penn., as a clerk. He remained there until the spring of 187(), when a more important position in Philadelphia attracted him thither. During the Centennial Expo- sition he entered as clerk at the Transcontinental hotel ; and then served in the same capacity at the LaFayette, also in Philadelphia. After staying at the latter house about a year, he transferred his 40 MEN OF NEW YORK— GENESEE SECTION services to the Continental hotel in the same city, where he remained until 1880. The position of cashier at the CIrand Pacific hotel next occupied his time, and a similar position at the St. James hotel, New York city, took him to the eastern metropolis for a twelvemonth. ELMER E. ALM\ By the year 1882 Mr. Almy had learned thoroughly the difficult art of hotel-keeping. He had passed through a long apprenticeship in various capacities, and his experience included service in small hotels as well as in some of the largest in the country. He was amply equipped in all essential respects for the duties of a hotel proprietor — in general education, experience, knowledge of the business, tempera- ment, and character. He made no mistake, there- fore, in returning to his birthplace, Rochester, for the purpose of becoming proprietor anti manager of the New Osborn House. He has since conducted this hostelry with entire success, and has built up a large business with the best class of tourists and business travelers. His high standing among hotel proprietors is sufficiently attested by his election for the year 1896 to the presidency of the New York State Hotel Men's Association. Many men in Mr. Almy's calling find it inconve- nient to take part in social life outside hotel limits. Mr. Almy, however, while availing himself fully of the social opportunities incident to his business, has at the .same time associated with his fellow-citizens in various pleas- ant relations. He has interested himself actively in the Masonic order, having taken the 32d degree. He is a member of Younondio Lodge, No. 163, F. & A. M., and of Monroe Comniandery, Knights Templar. He belongs to the Nobles of the Mystic Shrine, the Benevolent and Protective Order of Elks, and the Com- mercial Travelers' Home Association, Binghamton, N. Y. He has been vice president of the Commercial Travelers' .\ssoriation. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Elmer Eugene Almy ivas born at Rorl/es- ler, N K, April 28, 1852; attetuleJ the public schools and Dc Graff ' s Collegiate Institute ; engaged in the drug business, 1870-73 ; was a clerk and cashier i?t various hotels, 187S-82 ; married Nellie Bly Card of Rochester April IG, 1884 ; has been proprietor and manager of the New Osborn, Rochester, since 1882. /IDv?ron lE. JSartlett, one of the most distinguished attorneys of Wyo- ming county, New York, is directly descended from Adam Bartlett, who accompanied William the Conqueror from Normandy, and fought in the bat- tle of Hastings in 1066. William granted Adam Bartlett a tract of land in Sussex consisting of 5000 acres, which has been held and occupied by the Bartletts ever since. The family mansion was built in the thirteenth century, and is still in a fine state of preservation, situate in a beautiful jjark filled with trees, shrubs, flowers, and fountains. .\n old Norman stone church built by the family in 1309 still stands on the estate, and is regularly used. Mr. Bartlett had the pleasure of visiting the ancestral mansion and attending service in the old church in the summer of 1896. The property is entailed, and limited in descent to the male heirs, the present owner being Sir Walter G. Bartlett, Bart., the twenty-fourth of the line since the Norman conquest. .U/C.y OF \H\r VOKK— GENESEE SECT/OX 41 Mr. Bartlett's first American ancestor was Richard Bartlett, who came from Sussex, and settled at New- bury, Mass., in 1636. His great-great-grandfather was Stephen, the elder brother of Josiah Bartlett, a signer of the Declaration of Independence, governor of New Hampshire, and United States senator. Mr. Bartlett's father was William K. Bartlett, who died at Warsaw, N. Y., in 1869. Born in Orangeville, Wyoming county, sixty-odd years ago, Mr. Bartlett obtained a good academic training. After attending the Genesee Seminary at Alexander, N. Y., and the 'I'winsburg (O.) Insti- tute, he studied law. Beginning practice at Warsaw in 1S61 , he has ever since made that place his home. For the first three years he had no partner ; but in April, 1864, he associated himself with I. Sam John- son in the firm of Bartlett & Johnson. On January 1, 1866, Mr. Johnson retired, and Mr. Bartlett practiced with Beriah N. Pierce until April, 1868. After a brief part nership with Leonard W. Smith, termi- nated by Mr. Smith's death in October, 1869, Mr. Bartlett carried on his profes- sional work without a.ssistance until 1877. At that time the firm of Bartlett & Bart- lett was formed, consisting of Myron E. and his brother, Cosan T. Bartlett. This association lasted until 1881, when Mr. Bartlett formed with his son, Eugene M., the firm of M. E. & E. M. Bartlett. Father and son then carried on a highlv successful practice for fifteen years. In January, 1896, Hayden H. Tozier was admitted to the firm, and the style of Bartlett, Bartlett & Tozier was assumed : the partnership still exists under that firm name. Mr. Bartlett has now been practicing law in Warsaw for thirty-six years. He entered upon his professional work some- what later in life than the average age, but thereby brought to his labors greater experience and maturer intellectual pow- ers. He has given himself little relaxa- tion, and has engaged in no outside pursuits, so that he has been able to transact a large amount of legal business. Indeed, for many years he has been engaged in nearly every important ac- tion before the Wyoming-county courts. His high standing in his profession denced in 1897 when, on the death Lorish, he was appointed county judge and surro gate by Governor Black, receiving without solicita tion the unanimous endorsement of the Republican county committee. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Myron Eugene Bartlett was hiirn at Orangeville, Wyoming county, N. V. , May 7, 1831 ; 7vas educated at Ge?ie- see Seminary and Twinsburg ( O. ) Institute ; married Cordelia Elvira McFarland of Twinsburg, O., N^ovember 23, 1853 : studied hnv, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; //as practiced la7V in IVarsaw, N. Y. , since 1861 ; was appointed county judge and surrogate of Wyoming county in August, 1897. 30bn IHeWtOn 3BeCftley, one of the fore- most atturnc\s at the liar of Rochester, and known over a large part of the country as an organizer and manager of street-railway properties, was born in Orleans county. New York, at the close of the jear was evi- of Judge MYRON E. BARTLETT 1848. His father, W. W. Beckley, was a native of Connecticut, while his mother was born in New York ; and back of them a long line of progenitors lived correct lives, and imparted excellent qualities 42 MEN OF NEIV YORK— GE.XESEE SECTIOX to the common blood. Mr. Beckley's successful career, therefore, may doubtless be explained in part by ancestral influences for good. Another cause working in the .same direction is the thorou^^h education that he received early in life. After attending the district schools of Clarendon, his native town, he sought higher instruction at the Brockport Collegiate Institute in an adjacent county. There he obtained a partial preparation for college, fitting himself better at Genesee Wesleyan Semi- nary, Lima, N. Y. Having acquired there sufficient preparatory instruction to make a college course profitable, he entered Genesee College at Lima in September, 1868. Obtaining an exceptional opportunity to teach school in the West, Mr. Beckley left college at the end of his sophomore year. He passed the winter of 1870-71 in Lanesboro, Minn., as principal of the public schools. The ne.xt year he spent in the same capacity in Rushford, Minn. By this time he had reached the conclusion to which so many other teachers have come — the conclusion that the law is better than teaching. He returned to western New York, accordingly, and studied law in the office of Wakeman & Watson, Bata\ia, making such progress that he was admitted to the bar in June, 1875. He then practiced at Batavia about two years, when he 0])ened an office alone in Rochester. The change of occupation was undoubtedly an excellent thing for Mr. Beckley, and the change of location was likewise a step in the right direction. His success in Rochester, at the bar, in political life, and in business, has been continuous and marked. (July five years after he settled there he had made a reputation sufficiently high to effect his election as city attorney. In that office his record was such that he was re-elected in 1884 and again two years later. By the latter date, however, his law practice had increased to such an extent that it was impossible to continue in the service of the city without sacrificing an important part of his own business. In the spring of 1886 he had become a partner in the law firm of Bacon, Briggs & Beckley, and their practice became so large that Mr. Beckley felt it necessary to resign the office of city attorney soon after his election for the third time. He has continued ever since to take a prominent part in the business of his firm, notwithstanding engrossing duties elsewhere. The firm is now Bacon, Briggs, Beckley & Bissell, and is one of the strongest in western New York. In recent years Mr. Beckley has become a good deal better known to the public at large as a rail- road man than as a lawyer. He first began to interest himself in the important field of street-railway management in the fall of 1887, when he was instru- mental in organizing a new company in Rochester. This movement, and his further efforts in connec- tion therewith, resulted two years later in the purchase of the plant and franchises of the old com- pany. The two organizations were then consolidated, Mr. Beckley receiving the office of vice president. The next year he was elected president, and has since retained that office. The corporation is one of the largest of its kind in the country, operating 100 miles of track and 150 cars. It employs per- manently about 800 men, and uses electric energy exclusively as motive power. In the last six years Mr. Beckley has extended his railroad interests con- siderably, having taken part in the organization and consolidation of street railways in Paterson, N. J., Fall River, Lawrence, and Taunton, Mass., and in other places. He has shown rare talent in the economical and efficient organization of such prop- erties, and has become well known as an expert adviser in questions relating to street-railway manage- ment. In 18!I2 he was president of the Street Rail- way Association of the State of New York. He is vice president of the Toronto, Hamilton & Buffalo Railway Co., and president of the Rochester & Lake Ontario Railway Co. FERS ONA L CNR ONOL OGY— John New- ti)n Beckle\ was horn at Clarendon, Orleans county, N. Y. , December SO, 1848 ; was educated at pre- paratory schools and Genesee College, Lima, N. Y. : taught school, 1870-72 ; studied laiv, and ivas ad- mitted to the bar in 1875 ; married Belle G. Corwin of Brighton, N. Y. , June 23, 1875 ; practiced la7v at Batavia, N. Y., 1875-77 ; 7vas city attorney of Rochester, 1883-87; has been president of the Rochester Railway Co. since 1890; has practiced law in Rochester since 1877. BUOUStUS S. H>0\VniUG, supervisor of teach- ers' institutes and training classes in the office of the New York state superintendent of public instruc- tion, was born in Baltimore, Md., about forty years ago. He spent his boyhood in Pennsylvania, enter- ing the sophomore class of Muhlenberg College at AUentown, Penn., in September, 1871. The next year he entered the junior class of Pennsylvania College at Gettysburg, completed the arts course there, and graduated from the institution in June, 1 874. Three years later he received the degree of Master of Arts from his alma mater. In September, 1874, shortly after leaving college, Mr. Downing entered upon the educational work to which he has given most of his life thus f;ir. He MEX OF XEIV VOflK—GE.XESEE SECT/OX 43 taught first in a private institution at Arcadia, Wayne county, New York, afterward taking charge for two years of the district school in the same place. He then went to Palmyra, N. Y., where he spent six years as assistant principal of the union school. For the ne.xt five years he was principal of a school — for three years at Fairport, Monroe coun- ty, New York, and for two years there- after at Palmyra again. He then fol- lowed his calling for about a year and a half in the high school at Newark, N. J. Mr. Downing had now been teaching for si.\teen years, and had shown unusual aptitude for the work of a public edu- cator. He had risen from service in a village district school to a position in the high school of a great city, and had developed his powers and enriched his experience at every stage of his career. On September 1, 1890, his capacity was fittingly recognized by an appointment from Andrew S. Draper, then state super- intendent of public instruction, as state institute conductor. Mr. Downing held this position for five years, or until he was appointed by Charles R. Skinner, Superintendent Draper's successor, to his present office of supervisor of teachers' institutes and training classes. Mr. Downing necessarily spends most of his time at the state capital, but he regards Palmyra as his legal residence, and has many cherished associations there. He is a member of Palmyra Lodge, No. 248, F. & A. M.; of Eagle Chapter, No. 79, R. A. M.: and of Zenobia Commandery, No. 41, K. T. He formerly paid considerable attention to stock farming, taking special interest in raising Holstein-Friesian cattle and Shropshire sheep. He is a member of the Lutheran church. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y~ Augustus Seiss Dcnaning was honi at Baltimore, Md., October 18, 1856 : graduated /rom Pennsylvania College, Gettys- burg, Perm., in 1874- ■' taught school in various places in New York state and in N'ervark, N. J. , 187^-90 ; married Louise J. Brown of Palmyra, N. Y. , July 17, 1889 ; was state institute conductor, 1890-95 ; has been supervisor of teachers' institutes and training classes in New York state since April, 1895. place, for nearly a score of years. Born in 1855, he may still be deemed a young man, and may look forward to a prosperous career in his chosen pro- fession. Mr. Downs's life thus far has not been an event- ful one. In his early childhood his father died, and jf re& X. S>0\VnS, member of assembly from Orleans county in the legislatures of 1896 and 1897, has been a successful lawyer in Medina, his native AUGUSTUS S. DOUXING the boy went to live with an uncle about three miles from the village of Medina. There he passed the next ten years, attending the district school, and leading the usual life of a farmer's boy, healthful alike for mind and body. When he was fifteen years old, having exhausted the resources of the country .school without satisfying his desire for edu- cation, he returned to the village of Medina, and became an attendant at the academy there. After taking a full course at this institution he found him- self confronted with the question that presents itself to all young men sooner or later — the choice of an occupation. The legal profession seemed best suited to Mr. Downs's tastes and abilities, and in the spring of 44 MEN OF NEW rORK— GENESEE SECTION 1877 he entered the office of Stanley E. Filkins, a Medina attorney, as a student. He remained there for three years, reading and observing diligently ; and at the end of that time was admitted to the bar at Rochester, and opened an office in Medina. When other things are equal, a young lawyer naturally IRF.D L. DOU'.XS advances more quickly among oki friends and asso- ciates, who know him thoroughly and appreciate his worth ; and Mr. Downs' s professional career goes to prove this assertion. He has practiced alone for the most part, though he was connected for a short time with Morgan L. Brainard, and for about a year with H. B. Dayton, both of Medina. In public affairs Mr. Downs has been actively engaged for many years, his first term of public service beginning shortly after his admission to the bar. In the spring of 1882 he was elected justice of the peace for the town of Ridgeway, Orleans county, taking office January 1, 1883, and holding the position for four years. Beginning in March, 1885, he served on the hoard of trustees of the village of Medina for three years, and in March, 1892, he was elected president of the village. This honor was repeated in 1893, and again in 1894. The suc- cessive elections may be regarded as sufficient proof of Mr. Downs's ability and faithfulness in the dis- charge of the duties of the position. He has been on the (Jrleans-county Republican com- mittee, acting as member of the e.xecu- tive committee and treasurer for three years. In 1895 his party showed their appreciation of his efforts by nominating him for member of assembly from Or- leans county, and the voters of the dis- trict confirmed the nomination by giving him a substantial majority on election day. In the legislative session of 1896 he received a place in the committees on judiciary, revision, and villages, and did such work for his constituents that he was re-elected for the year 1897. Mr. Downs is a member of the lodges of both Masons and Odd Fellows in Medina, and of Genesee Commandery, No. 10, Lockport. He belongs to the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Fred Lester Downs ti'as born at A'ledina, N. Y. , August IJf, 1855 ; attended dis- trict schools and Medina Academy ; n>as admitted to the bar in 1880 ; was Justice of the peace, 1883-86, trustee of the ri/lagc of Medina, 1885-88, and presi- dent of the village, 1892-95 ; married Emma A. Hopkins of Medina February 11, 1890 : 7iias elected to the assembly in 1895 and 1896 : has practiced law in Medina since 1880. IRobert Xou&on 2>rummon5 is the son of James Drummond, who left the old fam- ily home in Scotland on the banks of the Tweed, and came to America about 1827. He married Sarah Loudon, a daughter of Robert Loudon of Del- aware county. New York ; and settled in New York city, where he conducted a successful business for many years. There Robert Drummond was born in 1842. Soon after that, however, his father moved to the town of Victory in the northern part of Cay- uga county, and the boy's education was begun in the district schools of that place. He afterward attended the union academy in the neighboring town of Red Creek, and at the age of nineteen became a teacher in the common schools of Cayuga county. .UEX OF A'EII' YORK— GENESEE SECTION 45 This peaceful occupation was interrupted in August, 1864 ; when Mr. Drummond, becoming con- vinced that his country had need of his services in crushing out the Rebellion, enlisted in company H, 111th New York infantry. In the fighting before Petersburgh in October of the same year, he was taken prisoner, and for four months experienced all the horrors of prison life. He was confined at Petersburgh and Libby prisons ; and afterward at Salisbury, N. C, where he was chosen by his fellow- prisoners to bring to the attention of the Confeder- ate general, Bradley T. Johnson, the wants and miseries of the men confined there. He was paroled March 2, 1865, and sent to the parole camp at Annapolis, and thence to St. Mary's Hospital, New York, where he received an honorable discharge. He continues to take an active interest in all that pertains to the " boys in blue "; and his many patriotic addresses on Memorial Day have been published, and eagerly read by the old soldiers and their friends. In the fall of 1865 Mr. Drummond was elected school commissioner for the first district of Cayuga county, and filled the position for three years. He then resumed for a short time his work as a teacher ; but soon resigned, and entered the Albany Law School, having decided to follow the legal profession. He grad- uated thence in May, 1871, with the degree of LL.B. ; and was admitted to practice in all the courts of New York state a few days later. After serving in the legislative session of 1871-72 as clerk of the assembly committee on insurance and banks, he went to Auburn, N. Y., in the spring of 1872, and formed a law partnership with Edward A. Thomas. The firm of Thomas & Drummond continued until the appoint- ment of Mr. Thomas as United States judge, and after that Mr. Drummond practiced alone until his own election as district attorney in 1878. On taking up private practice again in 1888 he associated himself with George W. Nellis in the firm of Drummond & Nellis, but since 1890 he has conducted his business alone. He maintains a large general practice, but has gained special promi- nence from his connection with several important criminal cases, notably the defense of Jerry Morris- sey for grand larceny, that of Lee Hong for sodomy, and later the Burgess and Sheldon murder trials. From the time he attained his majority Mr. Drum- mond has been interested in public affairs. In the fall of 1878 he was elected district attorney of Cayuga county on the Republican ticket, and was twice re-elected, serving nine years. His able dis- charge of the duties of the office is attested by his long-continued service, and by the fact that no con- victions secured by him were ever reversed. He always conducts his criminal trials without notes or minutes of evidence taken, relying entirely upon his memory. For many years Mr. Drummoud's polit- ical sympathies were with the Republican party ; but in Cleveland's first presidential campaign he trans- ferred his allegiance to the Democrats, and has ever since worked for the success of their cause. He was particularly active in 1896, when he took the stump for Bryan and Sewall throughout Cayuga county. ROBERT LOUD OX DRUMMOND In that year, also, he was the Democratic candidate for representative in congress from the 28th congres- sional district, comprising the counties of Cayuga, Cortland, Wayne, Ontario, and Yates. 4f) MEX OF XEir WRK— GENESEE SKCTIOX Mr. Dnmimond is a prominent member of Calvary Presbyterian Church, Auburn, serving as treasurer of the society and one of its elders, and as president of its Sunday School Temperance Society. He was formerly a trustee of the society, and of the Auburn county, 1S66-68 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; married Anna E. Burke of Meri- dian, N. V. , October 11,., 1872 ; was district attorney of Cayuga count}', 1879-87 ; has practiced law in Auburn, N. Y. , since 1872. HIRAM W. HASCALL Theological Seminary. He is an interesting public speaker, and his lecture entitled " Personal Remin- iscences of Prison Life in the War of the Rebellion," a stirring account of an episode that must forever remain vivid in his memory, was once delivered by him in a lecture course in the city of Boston. For the last ten years Mr. Drummond has given consider- able attention to farming, maintaining a dairy farm of 150 acres partly within the limits of the city of Auburn, which is stocked with Holstein cattle, and is a model establishment of its kind. PERSONAL CHR ONOLOG Y— Robert Loudon Drummond was horn at New York city August 21, 18Jf2 ; was educated in common schools and acade- mies ; taught school, 186 1-6 Jf ; served in the Union army, 186^-65 ; was school commissioner in Cayuga iDiram M. IbaSCall has been an important factor in the legal, political, and social affairs of eastern Genesee county, and especially of Le Roy vil- lage, ever since that part of the state was opened up to civilization. He was born in Le Roy in Madison's first administra- tion, and has continued to live there for eighty-four years. His parents came from New England in 1808, and vi-ere among the early settlers of Genesee county. His father, David Ha.scall, took part in the war of 1812 : and his grand- father on the other side, Nathan Walden of Connecticut, likewise served his coun- try in the War for Independence, suffer- ing imprisonment for nearly a year in an old church in New York city. Mr. Has- call's father was widely respected, and held many positions of trust and impor- tance. He brought up his son on the farm, but realized the advantages of edu- cation, and gave Hiram the best train- ing that could be obtained in the local schools and academies. At the age of twenty the young man began the study of law in an office at Le Roy, and was soon admitted to practice in all the courts of the state. An attorney in a country town is usu- ally much more than an attorney, as his profession brings him into contact with men in various relations, and paves the way for business or political connections of various kinds. So it was with Mr. Hascall. In 1855 he was elected clerk of Genesee county, and filled the position for two terms. In 1864 he was made col- lector of internal revenue — an especially important position at that time because of the complicated and numerous taxes imposed in the course of the war. He was appointed by President Lincoln commissary of subsistence with the rank of captain. In 1867 he became postmaster of Le Roy, and held the office for sixteen years. He is a firm believer in the principles of the Republican party, and has always had an important part in the counsels of political leaders. His influence, of course, has been felt most directly in the settlement of local questions, MEN OF XEIV YORK—CE.XESEE SECTIOX but both county and state politics have received the benefit of his sagacious advice and efficient party services. In recent years Mr. Hascall has devoted his time for the most part to the demands of a large legal practice. His fourscore years and more rest so lightly upon him as to be no burden ; and his men- tal powers are markedly vigorous and alert. He has the benefits of age, due to long experience and ripened judgment, without the drawbacks that some- times accompany advancing years. That he may continue for a long time to come in the full enjoy- ment of his physical vigor and rare mental gifts, is the earnest wish of a multitude of people in Genesee county and the country thereabout. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Hiram IV. Hascall rcas born at Le Roy, N'. Y., December IS, IS 12 ; received a common-school ami an academic education; studied hnv in Le Roy, and was admitted to the bar in ISJfS ; was clerk of Genesee count}', 1S50- 62, and collector of internal revenue, 1866-69; was post/naster of Le Roy, 1S67-SS ; has practiced law in Le Roy since ISJ^S. JObn J6. IbOWe is stlll distant from the fortieth milestone in the journey of life ; but he has already mastered a diffi- cult profession, and has reached one of the higher positions therein. His prep- aration was rather limited in some re- spects, so that his progress is the more noteworthy and commendable. Born at Utica, N. Y., two years before the out- break of the Civil War, Mr. Howe received his early scholastic training in the Christian Brothers' School at Utica. He also attended the Utica Free Acad- emy, graduating therefrom with the class of 1875. His school work stopped at this point, as he was unable to take a college course. Mr. Howe made an early start in his life-work by obtaining a position as proof reader on the Utica Observer in May, 1879. After serving several months in this capacity he became a reporter on the Observer, thus entering another de- partment of journalism, and one that was more in line with his ultimate aims in life. His advancement was not long delayed, since he became telegraph editor of his paper in 1881 ; and in the next year he succeeded Harold Frederic, now a well-known foreign correspondent, as leading edi- torial writer on the Observer. He continued in this position for about ten years, or until April 1, 1892, when he became editor of the Rochester Herald. This paper is a stalwart Democratic organ, and as Mr. Howe is himself a firm believer in Democratic principles, his work has been congenial. He was a leading spirit in the Cleveland Democracy, and has been foremo.st among the younger Democrats of the city. He is a fluent and forcible writer. Though he has been in Rochester only a few years, he has already made an excellent reputation, and his circle of friends in western New York is rapidly widening. He is a member of Corpus Christi Roman Catholic Church. He belongs to the Flower City Democracy, but has not otherwise connected himself with clubs or fraternal societies. JOHN B. HOWE [ournalism is a most absorbing profession, and Mr. Howe has found little time for other pursuits. He has made one exception, however, to his usual practice concerning outside allurements ; that is to 48 ME A OF NEIV YORK— GENESEE SECT/0 A say, he has indulged his love for music. Ever since boyhood he has been interested in the subject, and he has made a thorough study of instrumental music and musical compositions. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y—/o/in Benedict Howe 7vas born ai Utica, N. Y. , March 21, 1859 ; FRA\K PARh'ER HVLETTE was educated at the Christian Brothers' School and Utica Free Academy ; was connected with the Utica ' ' Observer ' ' as proof reader, reporter, and editorial tvriter, 1879-92 ; married Marietta Gartlan of Utica June 25, 1890 ; has been editor of the Rochester " Herald" since April 1, 1892. jf rani? Iparfier IfjUlette, editor of the Wyo- ming County Leader, has done much to increase the prestige of the country press in western New York, and to show that the dailies of the great cities do not monopolize all the ability and enterprising spirit in the journalism of the day. He was born in Berk- shire county, Massachusetts, where his grandfather, Josiah Hulette, died in ISilO at the unusual age of 101, having been the oldest man in New England to vote for President Cleveland two years before. Mr. Hulette's father. Dr. G. S. Hulette, moved to west- ern New York when a young man, and for many years practiced medicine at Warsaw. On his mother's side Mr. Hulette is a grandson of Charles R. Parker, one of the early lawyers of Wyoming county, whose father, Silas Parker, and grandfather, Leonard Parker, were the first settlers of the town of Arcade. Mr. Hulette began his education in private schools ; afterward attending the high school at Great Barrington, Mass., the E]3iscopal Academy of Connecticut at Cheshire, and other preparatory schools ; and entering Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., in 1879. He became a student in the Albany Law School in 1880. He also read law with his cousin. Judge Robert S. Parker of Bowling Green, Ohio, engaging at the same time with him in the brokerage and insurance business ; but he soon abandoned the law for the more congenial occupation of newspaper making. While living in Albany Mr. Hulette acted as a reporter on the Albany Argus. He liked the work from the first, and ultimately determined to adopt journal- ism as his profession. After holding jjositions on the local staffs of various newspapers in Chicago, St. Louis, Den- ver, Buffalo, and other large cities for a few years, he became in 1882 associate editor of the Chautauqua Farmer at Dunkirk, N. Y. In connection with Parker & Hendricks, the owners of that paper, he established the Dunkirk Even- ing Observer, and became its editor and manager. Three years later he moved to Arcade, and became the editor and publisher of the Wyo- ming County Leader, which he has conducted most successfully for the past twelve years. Mr. Hulette has taken an active interest in politics for many years, and has been on the stump in every campaign since 1880. He was a warm admirer of Tames (I. Blaine, and is proud of the fact that his first vote was cast for that statesman. Notwithstand- ing this, he is a Democrat in politics, in a district where the fact means inevitable political defeat. But he belongs to the class that "never sulks and never surrenders ": and has been willing on several occasions to bear the standard of his party, and to make a good fight to lessen the opposing majority. ME\ OF XEir ydA'K^OEXESEE SECT/OX 4'J In IS!);") he was nominated for state senator from the 46th district, receiv'ing a vote somewhat heavier than the head of the ticket ; and in 189(i he was his party's candidate for member of congress from the oOth con- gressional district. He received an unusually large vote, but was beaten by about SOOO. Mr. Hulette's acquaintance with prominent politicians of both par- ties is very extensive throughout the state, but more particularly in the section west of the Hud- son river. Indeed, a distinguished senator once gave it as his opinion that no man of his acquaintance in western New York had a more intimate knowledge of public men and events in the Empire State than Mr. Hulette. With the exception of a few dramatic composi- tions, songs, and short stories, which he deems of little importance, Mr. Hulette's writing has been entirely confined to matter for the press. Probably the eiiitorial utterances of no other rural weekly newspaper in the state are more widely (|uoted or commented on by the city and metropolitan press, than are those of the JFrom/'/if;' County Leader. In addition to his editorial work Mr. Hulette has writ- ten considerable news matter regarding politics in the western counties of the state for the Buffalo Courier, and for the New York World, Advertiser, Recorder, and other metropolitan sheets. In 1831 Mr. Hulette took a leading part in organ- izing the Farmers' Alliance, which was for a time a power in local politics in the state : and he was chairman of the committee on permanent organiza- tion. For years he has been a member of the New York State Press Association, and has served as its vice president. He is now secretary of the Demo- cratic F^ditorial A.ssociation of the State of New York. He belongs to several fraternal societies, and is a member of the Episcopal church. In October, 1897, Mr. Hulette became the junior member of the firm of Warner & Hulette, editors and publishers of the daily, semi -weekly, and weekly Ar<;us-, the only Democratic organ in the growing "Twin Cities" of 'I'onawanda, Erie county, and North 'Fonawanda, Niagara countv. He did not, however, part with the ownership or control of the Il'rowi/ii;- Cinmtv Leader. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Frank Par- ker Hulette was born at Alford, Mass., March -il, 1863 : attended 7'arious preparatory schools. Trinity Colle^^e, Hartford, Conn., and Allwiiy Law School: worked on different newspapers in lar^^e cities, 1880- 82 : icas editor and nianai^er of the Dunkirk " Even- ino- Observer, ' ' 1882-83 ; married Frances Ibbotson Wrii^ht of Boston April 7, 18.90: ivas Democratic candidate for state senator in 18,05, and for member of congress in 1896 : has been editor and publisher of the " Jl'yoming County Leader," at Arcade, vV. Y., since 1885, and of the Tonaivanda ' ' Arf^i/s ' ' since October, 1897. THE DEPARTED In this Section are contained the biographies of some of our distinguished citizens who died before the publication of the first portion of this work. Their lives are a part of the contemporary history of this State in the closing years of the century, and are essential elements in its composition. THE DEPARTED Jfre&eric imilliam Bartlett, m. D., one of tlie best-liked and most respected physicians oi Buftalo, was born in Kingston, Mass., January 8, 1826. He was the eldest son of Uriah and Olive (Holmes) Bartlett. His father was of the Plymouth (Mass.) branch of the Bartlett family; and his parents were each of old Pilgrim stock, both being lineal descendants of Elder William Brewster, Cap- tain Miles Standish, John Alden, and others of the " Mayflower " Pilgrims. Dr. Bartlett was educated at the normal school at Bridgewater, Mass., and in 1845 took charge of the Lafayette Academy in Jeffersonville, Ga. He was originally intended for the ministry; but re- linquished this idea, and in 1846 became the puli- lisher and proprietor of the Atlanta Luminarx. Unwilling to sacrifice his feelings upon the slavery question, he returned North in 1848, and in con- nection with Thomas Drew Stetson (now of New- York city), established the Old Colony Reporter in North Bridgewater, now Brockton, Mass. Later he sold his interest in this paper to Mr. Stetson, and in 1850 began the study of medicine in New York city. He graduated February 28, 1854, from the New York Medical College, afterwards reorganized as Bellevue Hospital Medical College. In March, 1855, he went to Buffalo, and made that city his home until his death March 17, 1897. He was sur- vived by his wife and son. Dr. G. Hunter Bartlett of Buffalo, an only daughter, Daisy Lillian Bartlett, having died in childhood. As a family physician Dr. Bartlett won the con- fidence and affection of his patients by his sympathy, his happy disposition, and his forgetfulness of his own convenience in attending upon the sick. The cares of a large practice never made him hasty or unsympathetic, his very presence in a sick room was in itself a healing influence, and his lifelong kind- ness to the poor is well known. By many families in Buffalo his name will long be held in affectionate and grateful remembrance. Dr. Bartlett was a frequent contributor to medical literature. His paper on dii)htheria, advocating original methods of treatment, was reprinted in foreign journals. During the prevalence of the very fatal disease known as the epizootic, which attacked horses all over the United States, he made public a method of treatment that was adopted eventually throughout the country. In the epidemic of cerebro-spinal meningitis in 1868, he advocated and used an original treatment — the " hot pack ' ' — with the happiest results. His papers on accidental hemorrhage and scarlet fever called attention to original and successful methods of treatment. In 1883 he demonstrated the value of enemas of weak solutions of bi-chloride of mercury in treating dysen- tery, and later advocated the same treatment in typhoid fever and in ordinary cases of entero-colitis ; and he published several articles that attracted wide attention, giving the records of some hundreds of these cases treated successfully by him. He also published several papers relating to his investiga- tions in the use of ozone in the treatment of zymotic disease, and the like. Among the official positions held by Dr. Bartlett are the following : president Buffalo Medical and Surgical Association in 1884 ; president Mechanics' Institute (afterward the Polytechnic Institute), 1889-91 ; president Buffalo Physicians' Protective Association, 1893-94 ; trustee Buffalo Academy of Medicine, 1893-96 ; vice president Medical Society of the County of Erie in 1894, and president in 1895 ; consulting physician to the Harbor Provident Mission, 1894-95 ; consulting physician to the 12 MEN OF NEW YORK Hospital of the Sisters of Charity in 1895. He was a member of the Buffalo Historical Soci- ety, and a communicant of St. Paul's Episcopal Church. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Frederic Williiwi Bartlelt was horn at Kingston, Mass., Jan- FREDERIC WILLIAM BARTLETT uary S, 1S26 ; was educated at Bridgewater {Mass. ) Normal School ; was principal of Lafayette Academy, Georgia, ISJ^o-^B ; engaged in journalism in Georgia and Massachusetts, 184-6-50; graduated from the New York Medical College in 185^ : married Adelia Lfun- ter, daughter of Dr. James Hunter of Whitby, Ont., December 28, 1854; practiced medicine in Buffalo from 1855 until his death, March 17, 1897. ]£rtC %. 1be&StrOm, who for over thirty years was actively identilied with the coal, coke, and pig- iron trades in Buffalo, was born in Stockholm, Sweden, in 1835. His parents came to the United States when he was a lad, and settled in Illinois ; and when he was twenty-one years old he began business in the office of A. B. Meeker & Co., coal merchants in Chicago. Mr. Hedstrom moved to Buffalo early in the '60's, and made his home there for the rest of his life. In company with the late Asa Packer he became the agent for the Lehigh Valley Coal Co. in that city. Messrs. Hedstrom and Packer bought a considerable tract of land on the Black- well canal and Buffalo creek, and erected the first coal trestle in Buffalo. Subse- quently they built the Buffalo Creek rail- road, of which Mr. Hedstrom was elected president. About 1879 they sold out their interests to the Erie railroad, and Mr. Hedstrom allied himself with the Delaware, Lackawanna & Western Coal Co., with which he remained until his death in 1894. The Buffalo business of the company was conducted wholly by him and in his name. The business in Chicago was in charge of the firm of E. L. Hedstrom & Co. , consisting of Mr. Hedstrom, John H. Brown, and Ceorge W. Meeker. In spite of the absorbing demands of his own busine.ss concerns Mr. Hedstrom found it possible to take a prominent ])art in public affairs in Buffalo, and to devote much time to the religious and charitable work of the city. He was an active member of the Buffalo Board of Trade and of the Merchants' P^xchange, and served as president of the latter asso- ciation in 1884 and 1885. He was greatly interested in all kinds of philan- thropic work for many years — so much so that at one time he was president of no less than fourteen religious and char- itable organizations. He was elected president of the local Young Men's Christian Asso- ciation when it was a financial wreck ; and by his faithful and judicious management saved it from dissolution, and established it once more on a firm footing. His benefactions were innumerable ; and he possessed the traits of generosity, unselfishness, and magnanimity in a degree rarely united in one man. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Eric L. Hedstrom was born at Stockholm, .Siceden, August ■21, 1835; came to the United States in childhood: began business life in a coal office in Chicago in 1856 ; moved to Buffalo about 1860, and jvas ac- tively engaged in the coal and iron business there until his death : was president of the Buffalo Young ME.\ OF iXElV YORK 13 Men's Christian Association, 1871-76, and of the Merchants' JExchange, 188^—85 ; died in Buffalo October 17, 189Jf. (BibSOn XT. MilliamS, for many years one of Buffalo's wealthiest and most highly respected citi- zens, was born in New Hampshire in 1813. His father was a son of Benjamin Williams, a revolution- ary soldier who took part in the battles of Bunker Hill, Bennington, and Saratoga ; and his early paternal ancestors were Welsh, while those on his mother's side were Scotch. When (iibson T. Williams was eleven years old his father moved to Franklin county, Vermont, where for the next five years the boy worked on a farm. He then spent a year at the academy in the neigh- boring town of St. Albans, after which he began his busine.ss life as clerk in a country store in the .same place. After three years' experience there he determined to go West ; and accordingly set out for Buf- falo, accomplishing the journey by stage and canal in seven days. This was in 1833. Mr. Williams first obtained employ- ment in a hardware store, and afterward became a clerk in the ship chandlery and grocery store of Kiml)erly & Waters on the dock. He remained with them three years, during which he saved sufficient capital to enable him to purchase an interest in the firm on the retirement of the original partners in February, 1837. This business was continued, with vari- ous changes in the firm, until 1850, when Mr. Williams sold out his interest therein. The next year, in company with Henry Roop, he built the lead works at the corner of Delaware avenue and Vir- ginia street, known afterwards as the Cornell works. Mr. Roop withdrew from the concern soon after ; and Sam- uel G. Cornell wa.s admitted to the firm, which became a corporation, under the title of the Niagara White Lead Co. Messrs. Williams and Cornell carried on the business together with marked suc- cess until 1861, when Mr. Cornell bought out his partner's interest. In 1862 the Western Insurance Co. was organized, with Dean Richmond as president and Mr. Williams as vice president ; and on the death of Mr. Richmond, Mr. Williams became the executive head of the company. This organization enjoyed a career of great prosperity, and did an immense amount of business for several years ; but the Chi- cago fire of 1871 swept it out of existence. When the Erie County Savings Bank was organized in 1854 Mr. Williams was one of the incorporators, and was chosen its first vice president. Later he became its president, and held the office until his death in 1891. He was always a controlling spirit in its management, and took great pride in its impregnable financial position. At the time of his death the institution had a larger surplus than any other bank in the state outside of New York city ; and much of its success was due to his keen business foresight, and prudent and conservative management. Mr. Williams was prominent throughout his long life in business affairs in Buffalo. He was one of the original members of the Board of Trade established ERIC /.. HEDSTROM in 1844 ; and he was a director in several banks, as well as in the Buffalo Gas Light Co. and other organizations. When the city's park system was adopted he was one of three commissioners appointed 14 MEIV OF NEW YORK to take the necessary land for that purpose ; and his work in this line gave general satisfaction to all con- cerned. Positions of trust and responsibility almost without number were offered to him in the course of the half century and more durini; which he made his G/BSOX T. WILLIAMS home in Buffalo, and whatever duties he undertook were always faithfully and ably discharged. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Gibson T. Williafiis was born at Charlesto7v», N. H., January 15, 1813 ; was educated in common schools and St. Albans ( Vt. ) Academy ; was a clerk in a country store, 1830-33 ; moved to Buffalo in 1833 ; married Harriet C. Howard of Herkimer county, N. V., in 1844 .' engaged in the ship-chandlery business in Buf- falo, 1837-50, and in the manufacture of white lead, 1851-61 ; was connected with the Western Insurance Co. of Buffalo, as vice president and president, 1862-71 ; helped to organize the Erie County Savings Bank in 1854, and was its president at the time of his death; died at Asheville, A'. C, April 14, 1801. IfDCnr^ 3. l!)atCS was a direct descendant of Lieutenant Colonel Christopher Peter Yates, who served in the revolutionary war, and whose original commissions, signed by John Hancock, President of the continental congress, were in Mr. Yates's pos- session at the time of his death. The Yates family have been residents of New York state for a century and a half, moving from eastern New York to Chau- tauqua county in the early days of its settlement. His mother's family came from Dover, Vt., and were the second family to settle in what is now the city of Jamestown. Mr. Yates was born and educated in Jamestown, and in due time entered a grocery there as a clerk. He was less than nineteen years of age when the storm broke that threatened to wreck the ship of state ; but the blood of his revolutionary forefather stirred in his veins, and he threw himself eagerly into the conflict. April 26, 18(51, he en- listed in company B, 72d regiment, New York volunteers. This was the first com- pany to leave Chautauqua county, and within a month he was on his way to the front. Enlisting as a private, he was made corporal before leaving James- town, and received successive promo- tions throughout his term of service until he reached the rank of first lieutenant (captain by brevet). Later he was appointed adjutant of the regiment. Be- ginning active service at the siege of Yorktown, he took part thereafter in the battles of Williamsburg and Fair Oaks, in the advance on Richmond and the Seven Days' battle during the retreat to Harrison's Landing, in the battles of Fredericksburg, Chancel- lorsville, Gettysburg, Wapping Heights, Mine Run, and the \Vilderness. At Gettysburg he commanded company D of his regiment, and in the battle of Mine Run he likewise commanded a company. His appointment as adjutant of the regiment followed soon after ; and in the next engagement — the bat- tle of the Wilderness — he was severely wounded through both shoulders. His term of enlistment expiring soon after, he was discharged from the service while still suffering from his wounds. In- deed, he never fully recovered from their effects ; and his death, at the untimely age of fifty-four, was the result of the.'^e early injuries received in his country's service. JfEX OF NEW YORK 15 After his return to civil life Mr. Yates made his home in Jamestown, where he filled various posi- tions of importance. In May, 1869, President ( irant appointed him postmaster of the village ; and he held the office until February, 1873, when he was elected justice of the peace for the town of Ellicott, in which the village of Jamestown was situ- ated. He filled this position until 188G, when, at the first election of officers of the newly organized city of Jamestown, he was chosen police justice, holding the office until his death. For six years, beginning in 1881, he was one of the coroners of Chautauqua county. Mr. Yates possessed the confidence and respect of his fellow-citizens in a marked degree. He had endeared himself to them by an honorable and use- ful life enriched by many deeds of kindness to those in need, and by the able discharge of his duties as police justice of the city. He was an ideal man for this position — conscientious at all times, never daunted by threats, a terror to evil doers, merci- ful to those who deserved mercy. His clear and quick perception enabled him to reach decisions with a rapidity that seemed like intuition, and with an accu- racy of judgment seldom open to doubt. Under his administration the police court of Jamestown attained an unusual de- gree of dignity and efficiency. Mr. Yates joined the Free Masons in his soldier days, and was a member of Western Sun Chapter, No. 67, R. A. M., at the time of his death. He became a member of the First Presbyterian Church of Jamestown in 1878, and several years later was chosen an elder of that body. He belonged to the Ancient Order of United Workmen ; the Grand Army of the Republic, in which he was com- mander of James M. Brown Post in 1893 ; the Union Veteran Legion ; and the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, the highest associa- tion of its kind in America. A com- mittee appointed by this organization to draft resolutions relative to Mr. Yates, reported in part as follows : " Mr. Yates was one of the best type of the Ameri- can volunteer. He enlisted with no other motive than that of patriotism, and he re- mained in the service until his physical condition incapacitated him for duty. His comrades and Ijrother officers testify to the high plane of his morality, to his steadfastness to the Union cause, to his unfailing courage. He was always ready for duty, confident of the eventual success of the Fed- eral arms, and by word and example did very much to inspire others." A widow and five children survived Mr. Yates. Mrs. Julia Harper Yates and three daughters — Leonora Faith, Ellen Proudfit, and Anna Baker — reside in Jamestown, while one son, Blinn, lives in Buffalo, and another, Henry Jones, in Mon- tana. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Henry Jones Yates was born at James/own, N. V. , September 23, 18Jf2 ; was educated in common schools ; was clerk in a grocery, 1859-61 ; served in the Union army, 1861- 64-; married Julia Hai-per Blinn {adopted daughter of Colonel Henry Baker") of Jatncstonm June 20, 1867 ; HEXRY J. YATES ivas postmaster of Jamestown, 1869-73 ; was Justice of the peace for the to7vn of Ellicott, 1873-86, and police justice of Jatnestoicn from 1886 until his death January 18, 1897. 16 MEX OF A'Kir VORK 3UJ)S0n :B. Hn^reWS, for fourteen years superintendent of the Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane, and one of the foremost alienists of the country, was descended from an old New England family, his ancestors having been among the earliest settlers of the New Haven colony. Dr. Andrews JUDSOX B. AXDREWS himself was born in Connecticut in 1834, and received his education there, graduating from Yale College in the class of '55. For several years he taught school and studied medicine, but his studies were interrupted by the otitbreak of the Civil War. Beginning his military service as captain in the 77th New York regiment, Dr. Andrews served in the Chickahominy and preceding campaigns of the Army of the Potomac, but resigned becau.se of ill health in the summer of 1862. Returning North he resumed his medical studies, and in February, 1863, graduated from the medical department of Yale College. He then re-entered the army as an assistant surgeon, and served until the close of the war. In 1867 Dr. Andrews began what was to be a life- long connection with the care and treatment of the insane, becoming third assistant physician of the State Lunatic Asylum at Utica. Four years later he became first assistant. When the Buffalo State Hos- pital was opened in 1880 Dr. Andrews was offered the responsible post of superintendent, and from that time until his death in 1894 he had charge of the institution. He had an extensive knowledge of ner- vous and mental diseases gained from long experience and wide and careful research ; as well as a natural faculty for organization that peculiarly qualified him to be at the head of such an institu- tion. He was firm, but kindly and judi- cious ; and both his as.sociates and his patients loved and trusted him. Dr. Andrews was a man of wide gen- eral culture, a student of literature and a connoisseur of art ; but the exacting de- mands of his position compelled him to devote himself closely to his hospital work. In this, as has been said above, he achieved marked success, and gained an extended reputation as an authority in a difficult specialty. For some years he was assistant editor of the American Jour- nal of Insanity, and he was president of the psychological section of the Ninth International Medical Congress held at Washington in September, 1887. He was a member of the New York State Medical Society, the Erie County Medi- cal Society (of which he was at one time president^, and the Buffalo Medical Asso- ciation ; as well as lecturer on insanity at the Buffalo Medical College. The high esteem in which he was held by his fel- low-practitioners was voiced by one of the most prominent physicians of Buffalo at a meeting of the Erie County Medical Society shortly after his death, when he said: "I consider him personally the ideal of what a professional man should be." PE R S O NA L CUR ONOLOGY — JuJson Boardman Andrews zuas born in Conneciiciit April 23, ISSJf. ; graduated from Yale College in 1855, and from Yale Medical School in 1863 ; served in the Union arniv during the greater part of the ii'ar : mar- ried Agnes Campbell, daughter of Samuel Campbell of A^ew York Mills, N. Y. ; was connected with the State Lunatic Asylum at Utica, N. Y, 1867-80; 7e>as superintendent of the Buffalo State Hospital from 1880 until his death August 3, 189 J^. 3rE.X OF NEJV YORK J7 George flD. JBurrOWS, for twenty years super- intendent of the western division of the New York Central & Hudson River railroad, did his work so well that it will be a standard of comparison in the railroad world so long as present methods of railroad operation and supervision shall continue. He was worth more to the owners of the road than can be exjjressed in figures. It has been said of him, " He managed it as if it were his own property," and that is true. His whole career illustrates the success that comes from thorough acquaintance with a field of work, and a full appreciation of responsibility, united to untiring effort and marked ability. His railroad work dates from the time when, a lad of sixteen or thereabouts, he took part in the construction work of the Connecticut River railroad, whose line was building across his father's farm. When he was twenty-one he first left home in the service of the same road. It is evident that he began building up a repu- tation from the outset, for in 1852 he was called to the superintendency of the Rochester, Lockport & Niagara Falls road, now the Falls branch of the Central. The line was then under construction. Mr. Burrows saw it completed, and ran the first train over it from Rochester to the Falls. His home was then in Rochester. When he left Rochester for Toledo, in June, 1855, to become general superintendent of the Lake Erie, Wabash & St. Louis road, he received an ovation which, as a tribute of esteem and good will, is still unique in the railroad history of western New York. Continuing with the Wabash until 1865, Mr. Burrows for the next four years built and operated the Saratoga & Hudson road. He then returned to the enlarged Wabash system, making his home in Toledo until 1873. He was identified with this system during the days of its prosperous growth, and his work was second to none in making the Wabash one of the great railroad systems of the country. When Jay Gould obtained control of the system, in 1873, Mr. Burrows voluntarily resigned. The friendship between William H. Vanderbilt and Mr. Burrows was something more than usually comes from a mere business association. It was a warm personal attachment. Mr. Burrows ]30ssessed i[ualities that Mr. Vanderbilt valued highly ; he had, moreover, Mr. Vanderbilt's implicit confidence, and it was therefore a source of great satisfaction to the Central directorate when he accepted the superinten- dency of the western division of the New York Central, including all lines operated by this com- pany west of Syracuse. GEORGE H. BURROWS For twenty years, until his voluntary retirement in 1893, the condition — and to a considerable extent, the prosperity — of the lines in this division, de- pended on the devotion, energy, practical ability, and sagacity of George H. Burrows. He and his famous pony engine were everywhere, day or night, in winter or summer, as occasion demanded. Dur- ing his incumbency, the Falls and Lockport branches were constructed or extended, the Buffalo Cross-town road was built, the Central's tracks were put above grade through the city of Rochester, and the canti- lever bridge at Niagara Falls was built and opened. In his special engine he made the first trip over the Niagara on the cantilever bridge, December 5, 1884 ; he had also been on the first train to cross the 18 .}fEX OF XEW YORK' suspension bridge, March 18, 1855. He was always first when it was his duty or place to be on hand ; but he was always last when it came to putting him- self before the public. His connection with the New York Central extended through two decades of the greatest advance in the history of railroads. What part he bore in that advance is evidenced by the work he did — work that will stand in transportation annals as representing the century's best achievements in railroad construction and maintenance. Advancing years prompted Mr. Burrows, in 1893, to seek retirement. The company would not accept a resignation, but instead gave him a year's holiday abroad, with full salary. On his return he could not lie induced to resume heavy duties, and his last years were divided between his home in Buffalo and his summer home in Bernardstown, Mass. He died at Buffalo March 9, 189fi, and is buried at Northampton, Mass. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— George Hunt Burrows was born at Bernardstown, Mass. , Decem- ber 21, 1822 ; attended the public schools : was in the sendee of the Connecticut River railroad, 18^3-52 ; jnarried Marx Elizabeth Cook of Northainpton, Mass. , September 11, 18o0 : 7vas connected with the Wabash road, with headquarters at Toledo, 1855-65 and 1869-7-3 ; 7vas superintendent of the western division of the New York Central road, with headquarters at Buffalo, 1873-93; died at Buffalo March 9, 1896. Stepben ^0. Clement, whose death occurred September 29, 1892, was for more than two genera- tions a prominent man in the commercial, social, and religious life of Fredonia and Buffalo. As a youth he displayed those characteristics of integrity and sound judgment that marked his later career, and gained for him surpassing influence and power. Calm, dispassionate, level-headed, courteous, and firm withal, he possessed in an eminent degree the qualities requisite for the responsible duties that devolve upon a banker and trustee of other people's funds. His boyhood was spent upon his father's farm in the town of Manlius. N. Y., and his education was such as farmers' sons in bygone days were accustomed to secure in the winter district schools. At sixteen he went to work as a clerk in a general store, con- tributing from his wages to the support of the family, and laying aside small sums against the day when he could go into business for himself. This opportunity came three years later, when he formed a partnership with another young man to conduct a general country store. The venture was successful, but the limita- tions of the business were obvious, and Mr. Clement soon went to Camden, N. Y., to work as a salesman for two years in a large dry-goods house. He after- wards filled a similar position in Rome, N. Y. In 1850 Mr. Clement moved to Fredonia, N. Y., where he conducted a general store. His two brothers were a.ssociated with him in this enterprise, and he eventually disposed of the business to them. It was now, at the age of thirty, that he began his career as a banker — a career to which his tastes and temperament naturally led him, and for which his busine.ss life up to this point had been but the train- ing and preparation. After a year's experience as cashier in a private bank, he established the Fredonia Bank (subsequently organized as the Fredonia Na- tional Bank), and was its active manager, first as cashier till 18(57, and then as president until 1881. In 1869 he. became the cashier and manager of the Marine Bank of Buffalo, and in 1881 was elected its president, holding this position until his death. He was also president of the Bankers' Association of Buffalo, and of the Merchants' National Bank of Dunkirk ; andadirector of the National Bank of North America of New York city, and of the First National Bank of Faribault, Minn. During his long residence in Fredonia Mr. Clement established an enviable reputation. He held the un- reserved confidence of all who came in contact with him, proving himself a wise and trustworthy financier, free from any speculative tendency. He shaped his conduct, not to secure personal aggrandizement, but to co-operate in the development and welfare of the entire community. He was pre-eminently a man of conscience, with no variable standard of honesty, but equally rigorous in all the relations of life. United with this quality, he had a kind heart and active sympathies, and his counsel and assistance were never sought in vain. It was but natural, therefore, that his departure from Fredonia drew from all classes of citizens expressions of genuine regret. Mr. Clement's life in Buffalo covered a period of nearly twenty-four years. They were busy years, filled with devotion to duty, in business, home, and church. He did not allow the banking counter to shut out his view of the rest of the world. He was not a money-making machine, but a Christian who felt the responsibility imposed upon him by the possession of large means. He gave freely, but wisely and without ostentation. He was active in philanthropic and educational work, and ever ready to contribute of his time and resources for the uplift- ing of mankind. He was a devoted member of the Presbyterian church, a commissioner of the Auburn Theological Seminary, and represented his church in the presbytery, synod, and general a,ssembly. His religion was part of his daily life, and even in the A/EA' OF A'EII- VOffA' 19 midst of exacting business cares he found time to perform his duties as trustee of the Buffalo General Hospital and of the Buffalo Orphan Asylum, and as president of the board of managers of the State Normal School. Stephen M. Clement's life may be best summed up in the statement that he was indeed a practical Christian. His whole career was marked by the utmost honesty of thought and purpose, and he believed a good name more to be desired than great riches. His success in material things, however, was continuous and marked : and this success was won worthily, not by speculative ventures, but by the ob- servance of honest principles, by a thorough mastery of his profession, by industry, energy, and commanding busi- ness ability. In commercial and in moral life alike, he was steadfast in his purpose, unswerving in his integrity, true to his responsibilities. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Stephen M. Clement was born at Manlius, N. V. , February 26, 1825 ; was educated in district schools : conducted a genera/ store in Fredonia, N. Y. , 1850-55 ; organized the Fredonia Bank in 1856, and was president of tlie same, 1867-81 : married Sarah E. Leonard of De Witt, N. Y., November 3, 1851 : became cashier and manager of the Marine Batik, Buffalo, in 1869, and president in 1881 : died September 29, 1892. 1R. p. dfaSSett served the law and his fellow-citizens of Elmira for thirty- five years, and left a record for sterling worth, profound legal learning, and emi- nent Christian character, that constitutes a price- less heritage to his descendants. His profession was not simply a means of livelihood. He was devoted to it, and practiced it for love of the ideals contained in the law. He was a friend of young men, many of whom had the privilege of pursuing their legal studies in his office. His influence on the bar and the community was great, and always good, for he was essentially a man of sound moral principles. Mr. Fassett was a farmer's son. His parents went to Pennsylvania from Vermont, and were pioneers in their section of the state. They had to clear the ground for a farm, and young Fassett shared all the hardships and all the advantages of country rearing. Consequently he developed a vigorous constitution and a robust character, which marked him in later years. He had the ambition and the self-reliance of so many country boys who have subsequently risen to eminence in the United States. America has been the poor boy's opportunity. Mr. Fassett attended the district school in winter until he was eighteen STEPHEN M. CLEMEXT years of age. He then taught for a while in his home school at South Creek. He was all the time eager to secure a higher education. To do this no honorable work was beneath him. At one period he drove the stage between South Creek and Elmira. When finally his ambition was gratified, and he was enabled to enter the Elmira Free Academy, he worked at the same time to pay his board while in school. He pursued his law studies in the law school at Cherry Valley, and was admitted to the bar in 1849. He began practice at once in Elmira, forming a part- nership with Archibald Robertson. Some years later H. Boardman Smith was admitted to the firm, and thenceforth the partnership of Smith, Robertson & Fassett became one of the strongest and most trusted 20 MEN OF NEW YORK combinations of legal talent in central New York. Each partner possessed a peculiar strength, and the trio constituted indeed a triple alliance of brains, skill, and eloquence. A lawyer endowed with good business judgment is sooner or later drawn into commercial enterprises .\". P. FASSETT where legal knowledge is an element of success. In this way Mr. Fa.ssett became connected with several mercantile concerns and manufacturing enterprises. His legal ability and tried integrity made him a valu- able man in a directors' meeting ; and he was faithful in his relations with corporations and institutions whether of a financial or philanthropic character. He was deeply interested in the cause of popular educa- tion, and was one of the original trustees of the Elmira College, one of the first institutions in the country for the higher education of women. He was president for many years of the Elmira Advertiser Association, and took an active part in the manage- ment of the paper. Mr. Fassett was never in politics in the sense of seeking office, but he was no less a force in public affairs. He served terms as supervisor and school trustee, but the duties of his profession engrossed his time and thought to the exclusion of political life. He was a member of the First Baptist Church of Elmira for forty-two years. His death occurred at his residence in Elmira January 17, 1894, in the seventy-second year of his age. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Newton Pomroy Fassett ivas born at Troy, Perm. , November 2G, 1822 ; was educated at Elmira Free Academy ; was admitted to the bar in 184-9 ; married Martha Ellen S/oat of Sloatsburg, N. Y., October 20, 1852 : practiced law in Elmira, N. Y., from 18Jf9 until his death Jauuarv 17, 1894. •♦• 30bU 1bO&0C was most widely known for his prominence in the Masonic order. His reputation e.xtended far beyond the limits of his own state, and there were few members of the great fraternal order who were more highly respected or more justly popular. Outside of Masonic circles, however, the people of western New York knew him as an unusually successful busi- ness man, who had accumulated a large property by his own toil and business insight. Among his own townspeople he was respected and loved as a man of great public spirit, large charity, generous im- pulses, a high sen.se of honor, and strict integrity. Few men have done more for Lockport than he. Few have been more ready to help the needy, or to promote any charitable or benevolent undertaking. No worthy object ever failed to receive the support of his energy and his means. He was a tireless worker, methodical and as he must have been, to do the great work which he took upon himself, and which finally, in great part, broke him down and brought about his death. Mr. Hodge was born in Jefferson county, and moved to Lock])ort when about twenty-one years of age. The profession of law was attractive to him, and he studied for it, was admitted to the bar, and practiced at Lockport for two or three years. Like many another young lawyer, he was weaned from his profession by a tempting business opening before he had time fairly to establish a clientage. He first became connected with the Gargling Oil Co. in the capacity of i lerk. On the death of George W. Merchant, the originator of the com|)ound, he systematic, amount of MEN OF XEW YORK 21 succeeded to the secretaryship of the company, and continued in this position for the remainder of his life. The business was a large one when he took charge of it, but it extended rapidly under his man- agement, until the name and product of the firm became familiar throughout the continent. But Mr. Hodge was too energetic a man to confine himself to a single line. As the owner and manager of the Hodge opera house he became widely known in quarters unconnected with his manufacturing busi- ness. This opera house was built about fifteen years ago, replacing one which was then destroyed by fire, and which had also been built by Mr. Hodge some ten years earlier. In the holding of offices of an honorary and a business character his record is ex- tremely significant. He was treasurer of the Lockport & Buffalo railway, chief engineer of the Lockport fire department, president of the Union Printing & Publishing Co., presi- dent of the Firemen's Life Association of the State of New York, president of the Agricultural Society, director of the Masonic State Life Association, president of the Lockport board of education, presi- dent of the Cllenwood Cemetery Associa- tion, commissioner of the Niagara State Reservation, president of the Lockport Home for the Friendless, vestryman and trustee of Grace Episcopal Church, and Grand Receiver of the A. O. U. W. of the State of New York. The latter office he filled for twelve consecutive years. He was invested with the supreme grade of the 33d degree Scottish Rite Masons in US75, and was a member of Ames Chapter, R. A. M., Bruce Council, No. 15, R. S. M., Genesee Commandery, K. T., Lock City Lodge of Perfection, A. A. R., Rochester Chapter, Rose Croix, and Rochester Consistory, S. P. R. S. His long and faithful service in the fraternity, and the high rank he had already attained, led to his election as Grand Master Mason of the State of New York about a year before his death. He declined a re-election, and it was while attending the ceremonies incident to the installation of his successor that he suffered the exposure that led to his death. Mr. Hodge was an unswerving Repub- lican in politics. In 1.S93 he was tendered the nomina- tion for state treasurer, but declined it. He was highly regarded in his church, the officers of which at the time of his death adopted a resolution in which he was extolled as a model of the successful, conscientious, business man. He was generous as a friend, and during his later life lost much money through his willing- ness to help others involved in business troubles. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— John Hodge was horn in Jefferson cminty. New York, in 18S9 ; went to Lockport, N. Y. , in early life, and practiced law a short time ; built the Hodge opera house, Lockport, in 1871, and rebuilt it in 1881 ; was secretary of the Garg- ling Oil Co. from 18G(J until his death, and interested in many other manufacturing and mercantile enterprises in Lockport ; died at Lockport August 7, 1895. Molcott Julius Ibumpbres, who died at Warsaw, N. Y., January 19, 1890, was one of the most honored and honorable citizens of Wyoming JOHX HODGE county, and iew men in that ])art of the state have been so widely missed. Mr. Humphrey was born at Canton, Conn., which was also fhe birthplace of his father, his grandfather, ^rEN OF XEli- VORK and his great-grandfather. He may ahnost be re- garded as a native of New York state, however, since his father brought his family to Sheldon, Wyoming county, the year after Wolcott was born. One of a family of seventeen children, Wolcott was obliged to content himself with the education obtainable in WOLCOTT JVLIVS HUMPHREY the common schools, supplemented by instruction from a neighboring clergyman. His natural abili- ties, however, were of a high order ; and the lessons learned later in the school of experience, together with wide reading and extensive travel, served to develop his character as a polished, cultured gentle- man, and a keen and successful business man. Until he was twenty-three years old Mr. Hum- phrey assisted his father in the varied occupations of farming, tanning, shoemaking, and harness-making. Later he engaged in mercantile business in different places in Wyoming county, and at Bloomington, 111. While residing in the West, he was largely interested in land speculations, which proved highly successful. In 1864 Mr. Humphrey returned to Wyoming county, where so large a part of his life had been spent, and settled at Warsaw, which continued to be his home until his death. For several years he was extensively engaged in the tanning business ; but in 1869 he became connected with the Wyoming County National Bank. Two years later he was chosen president of the institu- tion, and filled that responsible position during the remainder of his life. Mr. Humphrey had an important voice in the management of local affairs, as he was president of the water and the gas companies, and of the cemetery associa- tion. He also served for eight years as trustee of the Institution for the Blind, at Batavia, and for three years as presi- dent of the board. Mr. Humphrey's political record is a long and an honorable one. A Whig so long as that party lasted, he was ever afterwards a zealous Republican. He served his town as supervisor and as postmaster for a number of years. In 1850, when but thirty-three years of age, he was elected to the state assembly, and was re-elected the following year. During his second term he was chairman of the committee on railroads, and reported the bill for consolidating the Central road. Fourteen years later, having returned to Wyoming county after his sojourn in the West, he was elected to represent the 13th district, consisting of Wyoming, Livings- ton, and Allegany counties, in the state senate, and was re-elected two years later. Though not a speech-making member, Mr. Humphrey was recognized as one of the most able men in the senate. He was chairman of the committee on roads and bridges, and a member of the committees on internal affairs, printing, finances, and banks. For thirty years he was a member of the Wyoming-county Republican committee, and for twenty years its chairman. During the last twenty years of his life he was a delegate to more than half the Republican state conventions ; and he was a delegate to the Repub- lican national conventions in 1876 and 1880. For firmness of purpose, political sagacity, unerring judgment, and strict integrity, Mr. Humphrey had few equals in public life. In addition to his business and political cares Mr. Humphrey found many an opportunity to help the needv and the afflicted. The wealth that he had AfEX OF ATTfr YORK 23 accumulated was freely used for the good of others. He was a generous supporter of the Congregational church, of which he was for twenty years a trustee. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Wokott Julius Humphrev ilhis bor/i at Canton, Conn., November 11, IS 17: was educated in common schools : engaged i/i mercantile business in Wyoming county, N. K, and at Bloomingfon, III., ISJfi-OJi., and in the tanning business at Warsaw, N. V. , 1864--f>9 : married Amanda B. Martindale of Dorset, J't. , March 30, ISJfl, and Hannah Adams of Parma, N. Y., July S, 1874- ; was president of the JVyoming County National Bank of IVarsajv, 1871—90 ; died at Warsaw Jan- uary 19, 1890. (Ilarh Tld. 1f3Ur5 was one of the pioneers of Erie county. The place was a wilderness when he first went to it ; but he lived to see the country develop into a thickly settled district, dotted with flourishing farms and inhabited by progressive and wide- awake people. When Mr. Hurd as a young man left his native place in Con- necticut, Buffalo was a mere village, and the surrounding country was largely an unbroken forest. The few inhabitants disputed possession with the Indians and the wild beasts, and the comforts of life as known to-day were wholly lacking. Western New York was then the Far West, and none but the plucky and the hardy thought of leaving their eastern homes to struggle with nature for a livelihood. But Clark W. Hurd had just the qualities essential to success under such conditions. Mr. Hurd first settled in what is now Town Line station on the Erie railroad, about ten miles east of Buffalo : but he soon took up his abode at a spot that has since become the pretty village of Elma. There he lived for nearly three quarters of a century, and there he died in the fullness of years, honored and respected by all his neighbors. Of his early struggles in the forest with floods and drifting snows, with Indians and wild beasts, he often told thrilling stories to those who gathered about his hospitable fireside in the later years of his life. They were stories of which neither he nor his hearers ever grew tired. While many settlers in the "Holland Purchase" gave their attention to farming, and cleared away the forest for the purpose of planting crops and making pasturage for their cattle, i\Ir. Hurd saw great possibilities in utilizing for busi- ness purposes the timber that everywhere covered the ground. He therefore embarked in the lumber busi- ness, and gave his attention thereto for many years. When the Bufifalo Creek Indian reservation was thrown open to settlers, he bought large tracts of land, and proceeded to clear them. In connection with his partner, Joseph B. Briggs, he established a chain of sawmills along Big Buffalo creek, and the firm of Hurd & Briggs soon became known as the leading lumber concern of the section. Both partners were resolute, persistent, and enterprising, and their business grew and prospered accordingly. Their headquarters were established at what is now Elma, but what in early }-ears was known as the Hurd & Briggs settlement. .Slowly the forest fell away, settlers came in, build- ings arose, gardens and farms spread out, churches CLARK \V. HURD and schools were established, and wealth was accu- mulated ; and so, in the course of time, the rough settlement of the frontiersmen became the thriving, happy village community of to-day. 24 MEN OF NEW YORK Throughout this evolution Mr. Hurd was a fore- most figure. He took the utmost delight in the growth of the settlement where he had been almost the first comer, and was ever ready to do all that lay in his power to further its best interests. He was thoroughly alive to the necessity of providing means PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Clark Weed Hurd was born at Roxbury, Conn., September 17, 1806 ; went to western New York in 1821, and en- gaged in the lumber business ; married Dulcena E. Clark of Halifax, Conn. , in 1836 ; died at Ehua, Erie county, N. Y., January 6, 189^. D.AS'IEL Mc^rILL.4.\ for religious, social, and intellectual progress, and was a liberal contributor to all these objects. The closing years of his life were spent in a comfort that he delighted to share with others, and no more hos- pitable home could be found in the whole of western New York than his. Mr. Hurd was a strong Whig, and he joined the Republicans on their organization, believing heart and .soul in their principles. During the war he was an ardent Union man, and gave one son to the cause of freedom for the slave and unity for the country. Mr. Hurd had a large family, and four of his sons are to-day among the leading business men of Buffalo. They have followed in the footsteps of their father, and are all engaged in the lumber business. S)antel /Il5c/I15illan suggests in his life and character the ]irophet's words: " As rivers of water in a dry place, as the shadow of a great rock in a weary land." Scotland bred his father at a time when Covenanters and Puritans were made — men of iron consciences hammered out upon the anvil of adversity. The noble characteristics of a sterling ancestry were transmitted and indelibly stamped upon the son. He was a man of deep religious conviction, an exacting conscience, stern probity, and indomitable will. No one could fairly say of him that he ever countenanced or did an unjust act. He loved truth and disdained wrong. The stricken -hearted found in him a friend, and the needy a helping hand. His heart, when moved by sympathy, was as tender as a woman's ; but when duty called him, he was fearle.ss. He had an eye and an iron nerve that few men could withstand, whenever he was moved to action in any matter. Large-hearted and fearless, he was fore- most among the few men who first openh' stood up against the field of opposition to the freedom of the slaves. He organ- ized the anti-slavery reformers in the Genesee valley, in the face of an o]jpo- sition that burned the buildings in which they met above their heads. Smooth- shaven until Sumter was fired upon, he permitted no razor to touch his face until every slave was free ; and ever after he wore his beard aa the white badge of freedom. His father, John McMillan, came from Perthshire, Scotland, during the latter part of the last century, and settled in the Mohawk valley at Johnstown. He had three sons, Duncan, Hugh, and Daniel ; and as the two eldest came to manhood, they chafed within the narrow limits of their first home and longed for the freedom of a wider range. The fame of the valley of the Clene.see had reached them, and in 1812 the family moved into their forest home and settled at York, on the western slope of what came to be to them the most beautiful of all the fertile vallevs of .\rEX OF NEW VOKA- 25 this or any other countrv. The first journey from Johnstown to this frontier home was made in eleven days. Ten years later the trip was made by carriage over the new state road in five days. The last visit made by Mr. McMillan to his birthplace was during his ninetieth year, when the run was made from Buffalo to Fonda, a distance of 254 miles, by the " Empire State Express " in five hours. Daniel was the youngest son. He attended school at Caledonia, and at one time planned to take up the study of medicine ; but in 1828 he married Margaret, daughter of Malcolm McNaughton, and settled on a portion of the tract taken up by his father. In this same year he associated with others, and founded the Reformed Presbyterian Congrega- tion of York, of which for more than sixty years he was a ruling elder. He was active in the presbyteries, and as late as his nine- tieth year he was a delegate to the synods of the Reformed church. Born two years after the death of Wa.shington, he lacked less than seven years of spanning the entire century. His first vote was cast for General Jack- son in 1824, and he lived under every President except two. He knew Red Jacket, and sat with him and talked with him about the camp fires seventy years ago, in the forests both east and west of the Genesee. He was fond of social companionship, and had marked conver- sational powers. He was a sincere lover of nature, and traveled over parts of Europe and much of our own country. Although his physical strength was depleted, his intellectual vigor continued with him to the end. His life was noble, his death was peaceful ; God touched him as he sat with his children and grandchildren, and he passed to rest. As he sleeps in the quiet old church- yard at York, the lieautiful words of his namesake and kinsman seem most appro- priate : " The wind among the gravestones softly creeping, Breathes in low sighs the grief it fears to tell. The clouds in .sal:)le garb bend o'er him weeping. Sent l»y tlie hand of Him he loved so well." Of his ten children seven lived to maturity, but none survive him save his son, Daniel H. McMillan of Buffalo, and Mrs. John Ackroyd West of Peoria, 111. His sons, Malcolm M. and Duncan A., died in Boonville, Mo., in 1880; lohn 1). died in early manhood in l.S,54; Anna F., wife of A. F. McKean of York, died in 1871, and Mary C, wife of John B. Hamilton of Rush, died in 1876. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Daniel Mc- Millan was horn at Johnstonin, N. V. , October 25, 1801 ; attended school at Caledonia, N. Y.: married Mar«;aret AIcNaiighton of Caledonia in 1828 : lived at York, Livingston county, N. Y., from 1812 until liis death March 12, 1895. IRiCbarC) p. /IDarvtn had a great and an active career, extending beyond the period usually allotted to human life. Up to the age of nineteen he worked on a farm in Tompkins county. New York, where he acquired strength and inspiration to fit him for the duties and responsibilities that were to fall to his lot RICHARD i: MAR fix in succeeding years. After his graduation at the common and select schools, he taught a district school, to oljlain money to complete his legal educa- tion. He was for a time a law student in the office MEX OF A'Eir YORK of Mark H. Sibley, the great advocate before juries ; and we may well believe that many of the graces that clustered around the speech of Mr. Marvin came from his contact with a man who was master of all the powers of oratory. In May, 1829, Mr. Marvin was admitted to practice in the Supreme Court and Court of Chancery of the state of New York ; and ten years later, on the motion of Daniel Webster, he was admitted as an attorney and counselor in the Supreme Court of the United States. Mr. Marvin went to Jame.stown, N. Y., to com- mence his professional life in June, 1829, when that settlement numbered but a few hundred people ; but among them were such men as Judge Foote, Judge Hazeltine, Henry Baker, the Prendergasts, and others equally able. Most of the houses were log cabins beneath the shadows of the great pine trees. The region was practically a lumbering camp, and the waters of the outlet of Chautauqua lake had but just begun to turn the wheels for the most primitive man- ufacturing. The community extended to Mr. Mar\in a cordial welcome, and from the first he took the lead- ership of this gathering of heroic men and women. In 183/3 Mr. Marvin was elected to the legislature, where he became the chief advocate of the Erie rail- road, foreseeing, with the wisdom of a statesman, the imperative need of such means of communica- tion. In 18.'i6 he was elected a member of congress, holding office for two terms. He was an ardent friend of Henry Clay. He made many able speeches on the different topics that came before congress, and exercised a wide influence over the deliberations of that body. In 1846 he was a delegate to the state constitutional convention, and took an active and a conspicuous part in the change made in the judiciary system. By this change four justices of the Supreme Court were to be chosen in each of the eight judicial districts, and at the judicial con- vention held in Buffalo in 1847, Mr. Marvin was first nominated by a unanimous vote. It may be truly said that he then ranked among the foremost citizens of western New York. That region has sent out governors, cabinet ministers, senators, and presidents, but no more faithful public servant, and no man more worthy of high positions, than Judge Marvin. He held the office of judge for twenty-four years, leaving in his opinions an enduring monument to his purity, learning, and ability. One of his associates on the bench says of him : " ludge Marvin's public career was most distinguislied in his judicial service, for which he posse.ssed natural gifts, and to the discharge of whose arduous duties he industriously and zealously applied the energies and resources of his strong and active mind. His influence has been felt and acknowledged by tlie bar, and recognized by all who are interested in the faithful and impartial administration of justice, and in the maintenance of the dignity and learning of the bench." Judge Marvin's private character was above criti- cism. He had a high and an honorable ambition, but no intrigues, no corruption, ever tetnpted him from the path of honesty. He was as far removed from the new generation of politicians as the east is from the west. The people spontaneously laid judicial and political honors at his feet, because they knew he deserved them. His commanding figure, his strong, kind face, still linger in the memory of thousands. He was ever an enthusiastic and a care- ftil student of the history of nations, and of the books that presented the best thought of his day and generation. He took a deep interest in science and in art, and in the inventions that have given power and beauty and hope to humanity in this most won- derful of the centuries. He died at the age of eighty-eight, leaving to his descendants that best of heritages, an honorable and a distinguished name. PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Richard Pratt Marvin ivas born at Fairfield, N. Y. , December 23, 1S03 ; was educated in public schools and b\ private tutors : was admitted to the bar in 1829, and moved to Jamestown, N. V. ; married Isabella Neivland of Albany, N. V. , September 8, 183^ ; was member of assembly in 1836, and representative in congress, 1837-Ji-l ; was Judge of the 8th judicial district, ISIfl-ll: died at Jamestown January 11, 1892. jf raUCtS lb. IROOt was an active and a powerful force in Buffalo for more than fifty years, and the city to-day, in its industrial, civic, and social aspects, is not the same as it would have been, if Mr. Root had never lived there. These are profoundly significant words, but even a brief review of Mr. Root's career will show the truth of the statement. In 1835, when Mr. Root went to Buffalo, there were fewer than 18,000 people there. He was at that time a clerk and bookkeeper for Isaac W. Skin- ner, a manufacturer of plows and castings. So well did he profit by his opportunities to learn the business, that in the following year he and two others began the business on their own account, succeed- ing Mr. Skinner, who had been burned out. After various changes in the personnel of the firm, Mr. Root in 1843 entered into a partnership with S. S. Jewett that lasted thirty-five years. The business was the manufacture of stoves, which were .so taste- fully designed and of such durability that they rapidly ])tished their way in the market and reached an e.\- tensive sale. In 1878 Mr. Root disposed of his interest in this concern, and engaged in the manu- facture and sale of hemlock sole leather. M£\ OF XEW YORK 27 In early life Mr. Root united with the Swan Street Methodist Episcopal Church of Buffalo, and he always maintained an active interest in the general work of that denomination. He was one of the first and most ardent friends of lay delegation in the church ; and was appointed by the Laymen's Con- vention held in Philadelphia in 1852 a representative to the General Conference held in Boston the same year. He was a member of the committee to arrange for the centennial celebration of Amer- ican Methodism in 18t)6. The bishops appointed him a delegate to the First Ecumenical Conference held in London in 188L Many of the churches of Buf- falo have received substantial proofs of his interest, and are largely indebted to his liberal assistance for their present flourishing condition, and indeed for their very existence. Mr. Root's sympathy with all move- ments tending to the enlightenment of the ma.sses is nowhere better shown than in his support of the Chautauqua Assem- bly. He saw that great good could be accomplished by this unique institution, and as one of the original trustees he did all in his power to further its aims. He was a member of the board of trustees of the State Normal School of Buffalo from its establishment, and for some years was president of the board. He was also a trustee of the Syracuse (Methodist) University, and for several years before his death was the presiding officer of the board. His connections with financial and industrial enterprises in the city of Bufl'alo were very numer- ous, and he was prominent as stock- holder, director, and trustee in many banks, railroads, and other corporations. In politics Mr. Root was always a supporter of the Republican party, but he never stepped aside from the paths of business and of philanthropic labor to accept political office. Widely known from his ex- tensive business operations, which ranked him in that regard among the foremost members of the com- munity in which he lived, he was even better known and respected for his upright and useful life, and his intelligent furtherance of all that ennobles modern civilization. More than six feet in height, of com- manding and dignified presence, he possessed an endurance seldom surpassed. Fatigue he never knew until long after he was seventy years of age. Vacations were superfluous with him ; work was his recreation. In company he was reserved and often silent : but with his friends or close acquaintances, he conversed readily and at times fluently. Though possessed of strong and decided convictions, he was always ready to change his opinions when Jh'.4M:/S H. KOUT convinced by sound reasoning that such a course was necessary. PERSO NA L CHR ONOLOGY— Francis Hinsdale Root was born at New Berlin, N. Y. , May SO, 1815 ; attefided the district schools of New Berlin and of Lodi, N. Y. , and studied for one term in the acadentv at Springville, N. Y. ; went to Buffalo in January, 18-35, and began business for himself in 1836 as a manufacturer of stoves ; conducted the same business with S. S. Jewett, ISJfS—TS ; married Delia A[. Spencer of Lodi in 1838 ; sold out his stove business in 1878, and engaged in the manufacture and sale if hemlock sole leather; died at Buffalo September 6, 1892. 28 MEN OF XEir yORA- James IW. ScatCberC> had in an eminent degree the qualities that make the ideal citizen. He was quiet and unobtrusive in manner, but there was yet something about him that showed to everyone his conscientiousness, devotion to duty, and noble strength of character. For years one of Buffalo's J.-iMES X. SCATCHERD most successful business men, he was at the same time actively interested in its charities, giving prodi- gally of his means, his time, and his counsel in their management. As chairman of the board of water commissioners for four years, he had the satisfaction of showing his fellow-citizens that an important branch of the city government could be conducted on strict busi- ness jjrinciples, without becoming the prey of politi- cians. Had he not been firm in his determination so to conduct the water bureau, it is exceedingly doubt- ful that the department would have reached the self- sustaining point. This it did before his retirement. Not only was this accomplished, but water rates to consumers were steadily decreased. He gave to Buf- falo a splendid object lesson in mimicipal ownership. Mr. Scatcherd was a Canadian by birth. His father was a vigorous Yorkshire lad, who feared neither hard labor nor the wilderness of a new country, and who, when twenty-one years old, made his way into the wilds of Ontario, and bought a tract of land near London. This tract now forms the Scatcherd homestead at Wyton, and is one of the finest farms in Ontario. Here James was born. The Canadian branch of the family ha,s for years been promi- nent in public affairs, and several mem- bers have sat in parliament. As a lad James attended common schools, and worked on the farm. Lumbering was an important industry of that vicinity, and the young man soon engaged in the business. As an agent of Farmer, de Blaquiere & Deeds, extensive lumber manufacturers and dealers, Mr. Scatcherd went to Buffalo in 1852. His ventures there met with success, and in 1857 he succeeded to the local business of the firm named. For nearly thirty years thereafter James N. Scatcherd stood among the leaders of the lumber business in this center. His business as a dealer in hardwoods e.xtended over a wide area, and under his shrewd and careful man- agement became very profitable. Some years before his death, which occurred January 18, 1885, his son, John N., was admitted to partnership with him ; and the business has since been carried on under the firm name of Scatcherd & Son. While it was known in a general way that Mr. Scatcherd was a liberal contrib- utor to charity, his benefactions were known in detail only to himself The Buffalo Ceneral Hospital profited largely from his benevolence. He took a great interest in all its aflairs, and on many occa.sions proved him.self a friend in need. For many years it was his practice to visit the hospital every Sunday afternoon, and his visits were looked forward to with pleasure by attaches and patients alike. These visits, too, were made the occasions of searching inquiries into the condition and needs of the hospital. At the time of his death he was president of the lioard of trustees. Mr. Scatcherd was connected with various business enterprises and organizations in Buffalo. He held stock in several banks, and in the fall preceding his death was elected vice president of the Third National Bank. He was active in the Delaware .'\ venue Methodist Church, was a member of its first MEX OF XEJV VORK 29 board of trustees, organized November 2"2, 1870, and never retired from that body. The death of few men has been mourned so deeply and generally as that of Mr. Scatcherd. This grief found expression in extended obituaries in the city papers, and in memorials adopted by the common council, the board of water commissioners, the Merchants' Exchange, and other organizations. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— James Newton Scateherd was born at Wyton, Ontario, December 4, 182 J^ : attended conimon schools ; ivent to Buffalo in 1852 as agent for a firm of lumber dealers in Canada ; married Annie Belton of Wyton November 7, 1835 ; was chairman of the board of water commissioners of Buffalo, 1880-84 ; engaged in the lumber business in Buffalo, 1857-85 ; died at Buffalo January 18, 1885. Si&nep Sbeparl) was long a prom- inent figure in the commercial life of Buffalo, and in later years was closely identified with financial affairs in New York city. He had the good fortune to begin life with a vigorous nature, an up- right character, and a strong intellectual- ity, inherited from a sound ancestry. His education in youth was limited to the district schools, and his early knowl- edge of books was consequently meager ; but in after years he amply repaired this disadvantage by systematic reading and extended travel. At the age of fourteen he became clerk in his brother's hardware store in Dans- ville, N. Y., and the liking thus acquired for that business determined his vocation. After similar experiences in Rochester and Bath, he purchased a small store in the latter place, when he was less than twenty-one years old. Aspiring to a larger field, he moved to Buffalo in 1836, and bought an interest in a hardware store there. In the following year he became sole proprietor, and soon after the firm of Sidney Shepard & Co. was formed, and the manufacture of sheet- metal ware added to the business. Mr. Shepard pushed the sale of his products with such persistency and energy that before ten years had passed his business had become thoroughly established. He made commercial trips into the comparatively unin- habited West, and opened houses in Detroit and Milwaukee. About 1840 he made a tour by way of Chicago and St. Louis to New Orleans. Such indefatigable efforts natural! v brought success. In lS4i) he became proprietor of the Shejiard Iron Works, and thereafter gradually added to his under- takings, until he finally became one of the largest importers of tin plate, manufacturers of stamped- metal ware, and dealers in hardware and tinners' supplies, in the United States. Mr. Shepard' s activity was not confined to his manufacturing interests. Realizing the advantages of the electric telegraph, he personally promoted several pioneer lines in the West, and became one of the largest stockholders in the Western Union Telegraph Co., of which he was a director until he resigned a few weeks before his death. He was also a director and heavy stockholder in several rail- roads, and was prominently interested in many other StDXEY SHEPARD enterprises. Though frequently offered positions of trust, he accepted but few of them. He was emphatic- ally a public-spirited citizen, and liberally encouraged everv movement for the betterment of humanity. 30 MEN OF A'KW YORK Relinquishing the active supervision of his busi- ness to his partners in 1865, he spent several years in foreign travel with his family, visiting Egypt and the Holy Land in addition to the more frequented routes of pAiropean travel. Upon his return he set- tled in New Haven, Oswego county, N. Y., where he remained until his death in 1.S93. Mr. Shepard's success should be an inspiration to every young man of ability and character. It was due to a clear head, sound judgment, and untiring energy. His capacity for organization amounted almost to genius. His judgment of men was remark- able, and he was seldom deceived in his estimate' of others. In private life he was a sincere Christian gentleman, and was for twenty-five years an elder in the First Presbyterian Church of Buffalo. Wealth brought him the ability to bestow happiness on others less fortunate than himself, and he did so freely, but quietly, and with the same di.scretion that regulated his whole life. He was a generous and frequent benefactor of the General Hospital, the Orphan Asylum, and the Home for the Friendless, as well as numerous other charitable institutions in the city of Buffalo and elsewhere. After a long and use- ful life, he left a name honored and respected by all. PERSO NA L CHR ONOLOGY— Sidney Shepard was bofn at Cobleskill, Schoharie county, N. v., September 28, I8I4.; began business in 1828 as c/erk in a hardware store in Dansville, N. V. : purchased a hardware store in Bath, N. Y. , in 1835 ; nwved to Buffalo in 1836, and bought an interest in a similar business, of ivhich he became sole owner the following year ; became proprietor of the Shepard Iron Works iti 18^9 ; married Elizabeth De Angelis Wells of Buffalo June 12, 1851 ; zvent to Europe 7oith his family for several years' travel in 1865, and on his return settled in N'eiu Haven, Oswego county, N. Y. , ivherc he lived until his death December 26, 1893. 36lirt Dan If^OrU was an important factor for over forty years in the business and political life of Niagara county, New York. Brought up at the family homestead in Newfane, under the influence of a father who was a leader in all things among his neighbors, and of a mother whose sweet Christianity made her beloved of all, young Van Horn early dis- Ijlayed the characteristics that are now so well known in his part of the state. He was always foremost in matters engaging public attention ; and throughout his career his actions were guided by a keen sense of what he owed to others as well as to himself. He preserved at all times unstained a strict sense of per- sonal honor, and was scrupulously regardful of the rights of others. Ill health put an end to Mr. Van Horn's attempt to secure a college education, though he was able to spend a short time at Madison, now Colgate, University. His father was a farmer, and he him- self followed farming until 1865, when he left New- fane for the neighboring town of Lockport. During the period of sharp controversy and in- flamed pulilic opinion preceding the Civil War, Burt Van Horn was an ardent and a ready debater with either friend or foe. He had ideas on the great subjects before the people, and acquired fame as an eloquent speaker on public questions. He was greatly concerned in the problems then pressing for solution. His friends and neighbors, recognizing his ability and his earnestness, elected him to the state assembly in the fall of 1857. This was the beginning of a political career that continued for many years. He was re-elected in 1858, and again in the following year, and thus served one year longer than any of his predecessors. When the fact is recalled that it was, and is to-day, a practice in many places not to give one man more than two successive terms in the assembly, it is apparent that Mr. Van Horn's second re-election was very com- plimentary to him. While in the legislature he served on many important committees. Higher honors, however, were in store for him. In 1860, when the whole country was alive to the impending conflict, and every section was putting forth its best men for seats in congress, the Niagara- Orleans district cho.se Burt Van Horn. He took his seat July 4, 1861, at the opening of the extra session called by President Lincoln. Loyal in every fiber of his being, Mr. Van Horn had no spare moments in the next {tw years. When not attending sessions of the national house of representatives, he w-as otherwise engaged in efforts to aid his country. He went upon the stump, inspiring patriotism where it was lacking, tpiickening patriotism where it smol- dered. Nearly four thou.sand men went to the front from Mr. Van Horn's district during the war. How many of these accessions to the federal army were due to his personal efforts, it is of course impossible to say ; but there can be no doubt that the number was large, since Mr. Van Horn gave without stint of his eloquence, of his time, and of his means, to raise companies for the defense of the Union. Nor did his interest cease when his sol- diers had marched away. He was ever active in his efforts to promote theit welfare and their comfort ; and much was accomplished in this direction. In after life it was one of his greatest delights to join a party of veterans in recalling the events of those stirring days. MEN OF NEW YORK :!1 Mr. Van Horn did not serve in the :38th congress, but in 1864 he was elected to the 39th congress, and two years later to the 40th, his district then comprising the counties of Niagara, Genesee, and Wyoming. One of his pet projects while in the national hou.se was the construction of a ship canal around Niagara Falls, connecting lakes Erie and Ontario. He succeeded in carry- ing through the lower house a bill to this end, but it failed of passage in the senate. The last public office held by Mr. Van Horn was that of collector of in- ternal revenue for the 28th New York district, with headcjuarters at Rochester. He \vas appointed to this office by Presi- dent Hayes in 1877 : and when he re- tired after a service of five years, he had the satisfaction of receiving the high commendation of treasury-department of- ficials for his effective administration of the duties of the office. Mr. Van Horn passed his later years quietly though not idly at his comfort- able home in Lockport. He found many things to occupy his attention, and his interest in public affairs was hardly less keen than when he was a more active participant therein. During the greater part of his life he occupied himself largely with literary pursuits, chiefly in writing and speaking upon questions of the day. In his later years he devoted much thought and study to religious subjects, and frequently made addresses upon them. He was long a consistent member of the Baptist denomination. He died April 1, 189(i, universally mourned in Lockport and Niagara county. A widow, two sons, Burt and Willis, and a daughter, (irace, survive him. Burt Van Horn is superintendent of the Buffalo and Niagara Falls street railway, and Willis conducts a cold-storage warehouse at Niagara Falls. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Burt Van Horn was horn at Newfane, N. V., October 28, 1S23 ; attenied common schools, Yates Academy, and Madison ( nmv Co/i^ate) University ; toas elected to the state assetnldy in 1857, 18'>8, and 1859 ; ivas elected to the 37th, the 39th, and the J^Oth congresses ( 1861-63, 1865-67, 1867-69) ; 2vas collecto?; of internal revenue for the 28th New York district, 1877-82; married Charlotte T. Goodell of Hartland, N. Y., July 9, 1851, and Alicine Schuyler of Lockport, A'. Y., June 16, 1870 ; died at Lockport April 1. 1896. 50bU Xl- Brmvn Crandall was born at Sloans - ville, N. y., July 23, 1829; lived in New York city, 1847-79, engaged chiefly in the hotel business ; married Marguerite Ida Gilniore of JVeto York city May 6, 1858 ; was for many years the largest horse dealer in East Buffalo, establishing the firm of Crandall &= Co. ; conducted a hotel at East Buffalo from 1879 until his death April 2, 1895. lather. Dr. .Augustus Frank, a man of influence and power, was prominent in the anti-slavery move- ment : and from both parents the son inherited sterling qualities. With a mind remarkably alert and receptive, he improved to the utmost the educa- tional opportunities aflbrded by the schools of War- saw and by private instructors. E.xtended travel in this country and abroad afterward enlarged and con- firmed his knowledge of men and things. Mr. Frank's aptitude for the management of affairs was early developed, and at the age of twenty-one he began business for himself. In this he continued until 1871, when he established the Bank of War- saw, of which he was president the rest of his life. His mind, however, could not be confined to mere matters of business. His antecedents, education, and entire cast of life, fitted him for iiolitical activitv. HugUStUS Jfranft was one of the men who ha\ e l)een the support and strength of our country. He was born in Warsaw, Wyoming county, and continued to live there throughout his active and earnest life. He grew up among influences well calculated to t'orm a symmetrical character and a noble manhood. His .U-GCSTCS FK.-I.XK Two years before his majority he was made chair- man of a Whig convention. He helped to organize the Republican party, and \vas a delegate to its first convention, held in Philadelphia in 1856. He was 30 MEX OF \Kir iOh'k' elected to congress in 1858, was returned by a large majority two years later, and was again re-elected in 1862. His service thus covered the entire period of the Civil War, and the difficult legislation of those fateful years was shaped in part by him. He was a member of important committees, and was otherwise influential in determining the conduct of affairs. He was especially interested in the passage of the thir- teenth amendment, which abolished slavery within the United States, and hastened the close of the war. In the intervals of public labor he devoted unremitting attention to the wants of soldiers in camp and hospital ; and in later years, taking the deepest interest in the project, he rendered efficient aid in the erection of the beautiful soldiers' monu- ment of Wyoming county. Mr. Frank was a member of the state constitu- tional convention of 1867, having been chosen there- to on the general ticket with (leorge William Curtis, Samuel J. Tilden, William M. Evarts, Horace Gree- ley, and other distinguished men. Mr. Frank had an important part in the deliberations of this body. He was likewise elected as a delegate at large to the constitutional convention of 1894, thus becoming one of five or six members who had taken part in the earlier convention. He brought to this im- portant work mental endowments of the highest order, and ripened experience in the best methods of fundamental government, and his .services to the convention were correspondingly valuable. He was especially interested in the anti-gambling provision of the constitution ; and it is agreed that the ado])- tion of this clause was largely due to his unflagging efforts in its support. As a member of the electoral college in 188H, Mr. Frank voted for Harrison and Morton. The last appointment that he received was that of com- missioner for the preservation of public parks of the state of New York. His rare executive ability and liberal ideas would have made him a strong mem- l)er of the commission, and an active force in the preservation of the picturescjue and beautiful public reservations of the Empire State. Mr. Frank possessed unusual organizing capacity, well-balanced judgment, energy, and firmness of purpose ; and these (pialities, joined to spotless jjersonal integrity, made him remarkably successful in financial enterprises. His ability was widely recognized, and his counsel was frequently sought in the management of business affairs. He enjoyed in large measure the confidence of business men, and his relations with them often proved the beginning of valued friendships. He helped to organize the Wyoming County National Bank, and was a director thereof for several years. As president of the Bank of Warsaw for nearly a quarter of a century, he developed the business of the institution to a degree rarely equalled by any bank except those in large cities with ample capital and other conditions favor- able to growth. Municipal bonds and choice secu- rities of various kinds were obtained by Mr. Frank, and sold to investors. This branch of the busi- ness ultimately extended to all jjarts of the United States. Mr. Frank was for several years a director of the Rochester Trust and Safe Deposit Company. He was one of the projectors and a director of what is now the Buffalo, Rochester & Pittsburg railroad. Other railroads, water and gas companies, banking institutions, and the like received the benefit of his sound judgment and business acumen. The develop- ment of the salt industry in Wyoming county was largely due to his foresight. All matters of general importance in his town and county received his atten- tion. In all the pressure of outside affairs and public matters of engrossing interest, he yet maintained a close watch over the welfare of his native town. He realized fully the importance of local historical records, and served for many years as the president of the Wyoming County Pioneer Association. Mr. Frank appreciated the influence of the press. As a writer for newspapers he was always practical, and his articles had a iiuality that ensured attention. Charitable and generous in a marked degree, Mr. Frank gave a large part of his time to various kinds of organized philanthropy. For twelve years he was a member of the lioard of managers of the Buffalo State Hospital for the Insane. He was a trustee in several educational institutions. His father before him had been a power in advancing the temperance cause, and the son was indefatigable in behalf of the same movement. He was a mem- ber of the Presbyterian Church and a trustee for about forty-five years, and contributed liberally to its support both at home and in foreign lands. He regarded the church as altogether the noblest and most effective means of uplifting the human race, and gave himself unsparingly to its service. His attractive personality made him the center of a hap]jy home life. This was constantly shared with others, and friends came and went, the better for their contact with a mind so broad, a heart .so kind and true. The distinguishing traits in Mr. Frank's character included high ideals of duty and unswerving faithfulness thereto, broad charity, and self-sacrificing kindness. "Not to be ministered unto, but to minister," expresses the sjiirit of his unselfish life. .\fK\ OF XEir YORK PERSONA L CHR ONOL O G Y— Augustus Frank was boru at Warsaw, N. V., July 17, 1826 ; 7Cjas educated in public schools and by private instructors : engaged in a general mercantile business at Il'arsaw, 1S47-71 ; was representative in congress, 1859-65 : 7cias a delegate to the state constitutional conventions of 1867 and 1894, and a presidential elector in 1889; married Agnes McNfair of Groveland, iV. Y., August 28, 1867; organized the Bank of Warsaw in 1871, and was president thereof until his death April 29, 1895. p. IbarOlC* IbapeS was a native of Indiana, hut in his early boyhood his parents moved to Ontario county, New York, where he was brought up on a farm. He soon displayed an eager desire for knowledge, but, as his parents wished to make a farmer of him, he was forced to overcome many obstacles in securing an education. His first knowledge of Latin was obtained while driving a plow in the field, when he would hide his grammar in the hollow stump of a tree, and snatch a few moments for study while his team was resting. When he had at length succeeded in fitting himself to enter Canandaigua Academy, he used to walk ten miles to that institution every Monday morning, carrying enough provisions to last him until Friday night, when he walked home again. Having completed his preparatory studies, he entered the Jefferson Medical College at Philadelphia, from which he graduated in 1848. In spite of the di.sadvantages under which he had labored in securing an education, he was but twenty-four years old when he received his degree, and prepared to battle with the world. From the beginning of his professional career Dr. Hayes devoted his attention chiefly to the treatment of chronic diseases — the field in which he was to win renown in later years. The same year in which he graduated he took charge of a small sanitarium at Cuba, N. Y., and was successful from the start. The institution soon proved too small to accommodate those who wished to avail themselves of his atten- tion, and he bought a place at Wyoming, which he enlarged and improved in order to make it entirely suitable for his purposes. But complications arose : he failed to receive the financial aid which had been promised, and on which he relied, and finally he was compelled to make an a,ssignment, and to abandon the enterprise. During the next fifteen years he was connected, at one time or another, with many of the principal sanitariums in the country ; and he thus en- joyed exceptional opport\mities for observation and study, of which he made good use. He became im- P. HAROLD HAYES pre.ssed with the belief that asthma, so long regarded as an incurable disease, could be cured. In 1871 Dr. Hayes spent six months in study, and in visiting the hospitals in New York. Four years later he settled at Binghamton, N. Y., where he was engaged in general practice until 1885. Throughout these years he continued his investigations of asthmatic troubles. As his remarkable success in this line became known, he was frequently consulted by patients at a distance, whom he treated through correspondence ; and he soon found it necessary to give up his general practice, and devote his whole time to this specialty. Accordingly, in 1885 he moved to Buffalo, where the rest of his life was spent. His work extended rapidly, and patients from all 3S .I/AW OF XEW YORK over the countn- consulted him. The greater part of his practice was carried on by correspondence ; but his enthusiasm for his work and devotion to his patients was such that many who had never seen him came to regard him as a personal friend. GERHARD LA.XC, Dr. Hayes was all his life a consistent and an earnest Christian, and was a member of the Congre- gational and Presbyterian churches in the different places where he lived. Of genial character and hospitable, he was also very sympathetic, and any one with a pitiful story could obtain his ear. Ex- ceedingly conscientious, he .strictly followed the code of ethics as expressed in the Clolden Rule. He was a man of great perse\erance, and one who scorned the word failure. He was accustomed, by the greatest physical and mental exertion, to overcome obstacles that would have appeared insurmountable to most men. A man of e.xemplary habits and vigorous constitution, he might have lived ten years longer |)robably, but for his lifelong custom of set- ting no limit to his powers of endurance. Nothing could have been more in accordance with his desires than to die in the harness, in full ])ossession of his powers of both mind and body. Dr. Hayes died April 9, lXi-)4, but he still lives in the grateful memories of hundreds of his fellow-men who ha\e reaped the benefit of his years of study and investigation in medical science. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G Y— Pliny Harold Hayes was born at Clinton, Ind. , October 7, 18H ; attended Canan- daigua {N. Y.) Academy and the semi- nary at Lima, N. Y, and graduated from Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, in 18^8 : married Cornelia Catherine Hall of West Bloomfield, N. Y, Septem- ber 5, 18Jf8 ; was connected with various sanitariums, 18^8-75 ; engaged in general practice at Binghamton, A^. Y. , 1875-85 ; made a specialty of the treatment of asthma at Buffalo, 1885-94 : died at Buffalo April 9, 189 J^. — ♦♦♦ (5erbarJ> Xang arrived in Buffalo a poor (lerman boy: when he died in the same city forty-four years later, thousands crowded the church in which his funeral was held, eager to honor one whom they had learned to love and respect. In the interval he had labored early and late, in season and out of season, ac(|niring an ample fortune, and indelibly imjaressing himself on the his- tory and community of Buffalo. He was primarily a man of business, fitted for the successful undertaking of large enter- prises ; but he was much more than this, and his private life discloses other charac- teristics equally interesting and admirable. Born in Germany in 1(S84, Mr. Lang was brought to this country fourteen years later by his father. Jacob Lang was a butcher by trade, and he engaged in that business in Buffalo .soon after his arrival in the country. His son worked with him for twelve years, learning business principles and the English language at the same time. Early in the '(iO's Mr. Lang became interested in the business that gave him a wide reputation, and carried his name beyond the grave. At first he was associated with Philip Born, who owned and operated one of the largest breweries in Buffalo. L^pon the death of Mr. Born he formed a partnership with his widow that continued until liS74. Before that Mr. Lang had begun the erection of the large brewing |)lant on the corner of Best and Jefferson streets. .]//•: \ or \Eii' \'OKA' 39 Buffalo. This establishment, known as the Park brewery, has a capacity of 800,000 barrels, and most of the product is sold in the city where it is made. I'his brewery was once visited by a number of men interested in the business, who were so impressed by the perfection of the arrangements and the elegance of the furnishings that they called Mr. Lang's estab- lishment the "palace brewery." In a city noted for its breweries, this was no small compliment. Nor was it undeserved ; for Mr. I^ang, before deciding upon his building plans, personally inspected all the leading breweries of the country, and adopted for his plant the best features of the many places visited. Engrossed in the cares of a va.st enterprise, Mr. Lang had little time for active participation in public affairs beyond what can fairly be demanded of a con- .scientious citizen. His name was often mentioned as that of a suitable candidate for high public office, and there is no doubt that he might have gained great distinction in political life if he had cared to do so ; but he preferred to remain a private citizen. He consented, however, to serve two terms on the board of alder- men ; and a short time before his death he became Democratic state committee- man from his district. While thus indisposed to take an active part in political affairs, Mr. Lang found time for various interests outside of his business life. For many years he was a trustee of the Western Savings Bank, and his sound judgment in matters relating to business and finance was of much value to that institution. His charities will long be remembered by hundreds of grateful men and women, and his benefactions to St. Louis Church in Buffalo were manifold. 'I'he follow ing simple but impressive characteri/.a- tion of Mr. Lang is taken from Bishop Ryan's address at the funeral : "His genial countenance, which be- spoke the generosity of his soul, will no more be seen by his dear friends, but 1 am sure he will look down from heaven upon the earth where he was so long engaged, and where he lived so well and so generously. The Holy Scriptures give us in a few words a description of his character, 'A man simple, u]iright, and fearing the Lord.' " PERSON/IL CHR ONOL O G Y— Gerhard Lang 7vas bom at Flerslieim, Germany, N^or ember '34, 1S.S4 ; came to t/ie United States in IS^S and settled in Buffalo : learned the Initeher s trade and 7vorked at the same, J,S'4S-60 ; married Barbara Born of Buffalo in 1867, and Augusta Gerhardt in 1890 : conducted a brewery at Buffalo from 1807 until his death July I'f, 1892. 30bll (SJ. /IDcH)OtlUell was one of the leading business men of Buffalo. Of New England birth, he developed a character notable for energy, quick- ness of insight, and ready resource. He was taught to work when a boy, and thus learned to appreciate the value of labor and the importance of concentra- tion. At the head of a firm with branches in many parts of the country, he was able to perform the duties of his position with enviable skill. He was respected as a citizen, while his geniality and ready JOH.\ (i. .\/lOO.\.\J:/.L conversational ])Owers made him highly regarded in social life. Mr. McDonnell was educated at the famous schools of Quincy, Mass., going through l)Oth the grammar 40 MEA' OF XEir YORK and high schools. His father appreciated the im- portance of education, and determined to give his children all the advantages of schooling that lay in his power. That John was an apt pupil, and used well his opportunities, may be inferred from the fact that at the age of si.xteen he had completed the high-school course. Preferring a mercantile to a professional life, he was unwilling to enter college, though earnestly urged to do so by his father : and instead of that he went to work at his father's trade, thoroughly mastering every branch of the stone- cutting business. To this practical training much of the success of his later life was due. On reach- ing his majority he was taken into partnership with his father and brother, the firm name becoming McDonnell & Sons. The Buffalo branch of the firm was established in 1884. On visiting the city Mr. McDonnell was so well pleased with its prospects and desirability as a place of residence that he determined to move his family there, and make the place his permanent home. The business under his energetic manage- ment became one of the most extensive in the United States. McDonnell cV Sons own and operate quarries at Quincy, Mass., and Barre, Vt., with branch yards at Buffalo, West Seneca, and (ieneva, N. Y., and Indianapolis, Ind. One of the remark- able pieces of work performed in the city of Buffalo under Mr. McDonnell's direction was the reconstruc- tion of the soldiers' monument, the old structure having been condemned by the park commissioners. The total cost of this work was not far from 820,000. Among other undertakings of special importance successfully carried out by McDonnell & Sons may be mentioned the column monument at Trenton, N. J., marking the final resting place of General McClellan ; the monument in Mount Auburn ceme- tery, Cambridge, Mass., over the grave of Jared Sparks, formerly president of Harvard University ; and the Blocher monument in Forest Lawn cemetery, Buffalo. Like most successful business men, Mr. McDonnell had many interests aside from his principal enter- prise. He was vice president of the LTnion Bank, director of the Lake View Brewing Co., and director of the People's (luarantee Search Co. He belonged, also, to the Builders' .Association E.Kchange. He was president of Branch 22, Catholic Mutual Benefit Association, and a member of the building commit- tee of the Catholic Institute. He was connected with various land-improvement companies, and did much to promote the development of Buffalo real estate. He held a life membership in the German Young Men's .Association, which fills an important place in the social and intellectual life of Buffalo. His death at the early age of forty-three was sincerely mourned by a large circle of friends. PERSONAL CHRONOL O G Y—John Q. McDo)i?u'll 7CI17S born at Quitux, Mass., September 11, ISoO ; was ediicated in the public schools : became a member of the firm of McDotinell &" Sons, granite cutters, in 1871 ; married Emily A. Dinegan of Quincy June 23, 187 ^ ; established a branch business at Buffalo in 1884, ««"' mor'ed thither in ISSG : died at Buffalo April 8. 189 4- Hleran5er /IDel&rUm was for nearly a quarter of a century one of the leading merchants of Buffalo. His life covered the era of the Queen City's most rapid growth and business e.xpansion, and was syn- chronous with the rise and development of the department store. He was a captain of modern in- dustry, and contributed to the success and fame of one of the city's noted dry-goods houses. Mr. Meldrum was born in a country prolific of merchants and mercantile-minded men. Perhaps it is no exaggeration to say that more men of this class have come to the I'nited States from Scotland than from any other land. The people of that country have ever been noted for thrift and common sense, the essential elements of success in every busine.ss career. Every leading city of the United States to-day has among its foremost merchants men of Scottish blood. Mr. Meldrum's birthplace and home in the old country was Kenoway, Fifeshire, where his father had charge of the local gas works, and was the general agent of the townspeople in the disposal of their yarn. In that town Mr. Meldrum received his schooling, and at eleven years of age entered a dry- goods house in Markinch. Soon after arriving at manhood's estate, he migrated to this country, and landed at the port of Boston in the year ISofi. His first engagement was with the well-known dry- goods establishment of Hogg, Brown & Taylor of the " Hub." He remained in their employ, rising step by step in the concern, until in 1867 he saw his way clear to move to Buffalo, and establish him- self in the same business. A fellow-countryman of his, together with an .American — both active, vigor- ous, and keen-minded young men — formed a part- nership with him, thus laying the foundation of the house of Adam, Meldrum & Whiting. Starting on a modest scale, the new firm, by tact, watchful care, and courtesy, coupled with shrewd buying, soon de- veloped a large business, and made their name a household word in western New York. While his partners are entitled to their ftiU share of credit for the success of the firm, Mr. Meldrum MK.\ OF XF.ir YORK 41 had a large part in the vast transactions of the house. Upon the retirement of Mr. Whiting in 1869 the firm was reorganized, becoming Adam & Meldrum. In 1875 Wm. Anderson became a member of the firm. The history of this house is one of continuous progress. Appreciating with the foresight of trained merchants the tendency of modern busi- ness methods toward the concentration | of many branches of trade under one roof, the managers of this business were among the earliest merchants in the country to turn their establishment into that joy and refuge of the American shopper — the department store; and the present house, styled the .\dam, Mel- drum & Anderson Co., enjoys a com- manding position in the commercial and financial world, and is one of the land- marks of Buffalo. Mr. Meldrimi was so wrapped up in his business that he had practically no time for outside matters. In addition to his duties with the firm of which he was a member, he was interested in the Queen City Underwear Co. ; and he helped establish a large dry -goods house in Dayton, Ohio. With these interests on his hands he had no leisure for other pursuits. He was a Republican in poli- tics, but was unable to take an active part in political affairs. He was a mem- ber of various Scottish-American soci eties, and of the Presbyterian church. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Alexander Meldrum was born in Keno- 7tiay, Fifeshire, Scotland, November S, l8liS : came to the United States, and settled in Boston in 1856 ; moved to Buffalo in 1867, atid established a dry- goods house there ; married A. E. Webster of Boston February 27, 1859 .- died at Buffilo October 22, 1891. SolOtUOIl ScbCU was a conspicuous figure in the commercial and political life of Buffalo for nearly half a century. His history reads like a romance. From a poor Bavarian lad he rose to be mayor of a great American city. He began without wealth or influence ; he ended rich in this world's goods, and possessed of a power that was felt throughout the Empire State. In the course of his eventful career he conquered countless difficulties, and attracted to himself a host of friends. Only sterling qualities could achieve such results. While the battle of life is not of necessity to the physically strong, success in the modern world demands strength of character. Mr. Scheu possessed this requisite in a pre-eminent degree. He was born in a Bavarian province on the Rhine in 1822. He was a farmer's son, and early learned ^^^^ (^ ■y^ ALEXASDKR MELDRUM what it was to earn his bread by the sweat of his brow. What education the local schools afforded he gladly availed himself of, but his scholastic training was limited. At the age of seventeen he migrated to the United States, and found employ- ment in a bakery in New York city, where he learned the trade, and applied himself diligently to master- ing the English tongue. Five years later he went to Buffalo, and thenceforth made his home in the (^ueen City, in the affairs of which he was to become a prominent factor. At first he followed the bakery business, and for several years conducted a shop of his own. This he abandoned for the grocery business, making a success of each enterprise. In 18(50 he embarked in what eventually became his MKX OF XEir YORK chief business occupation. He built a malt house at the foot of Hudson street, adjoining the Erie canal, where for many years he did a large malting business. To his original establishment he was twice compelled by growing trade to make large additions. unknown (lerman youth. In this honorable office Mr. Scheu displayed all those characteristics that had commended him to the notice and the support of the community, and gave the city a highly credit- able administration. He was deeply interested in the commercial prosperity of Buffalo, and was at one time a trustee of the Hoard of Trade. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Solomon Scheu was born at Standenbuehl, Bavaria, Germany, January 6, 1S22 ; was educated in local schools ; came to the United States in 1839, and learned the baker' s trade in New York city : moved to Buffalo in ISJ^If, and followed the bakery and grocery business until ISOO : married Miimie Rinck of Buffalo in 18^~ : was receiver of taxes for Buffalo, 1856-.'>9, alderman, 18')4-55 and 1S66-(J7, state- prison inspector, 1868-73, and mayor of Buffalo, 1878-79; established a malt house in 1860, and conducted the same until his death ; died at Buffalo November 23, 1888. SOLOMOX SCHFA' Meanwhile Mr. Scheu had become an influence in local politics. His .standing in the community was good, and among his fellow-countrymen his [wpularity was unbounded. In 1854 and 185-") he was a member of the board of aldermen. For the next four years he held the responsible position of receiver of taxes for the city of Buffalo. Later, in 1860 and 1867, he served again as alderman. During six years he acted as state-prison inspector. This long and varied experience in matters of local public concern, and his honorable reputation among business men, suggested to the leaders of the local Democracy his availability as a candidate for a more important office. Accordingly, in the fall of 1877, he was nominated and elected mayor of the city to which he had come thirty-odd years before as an jEben Carleton Sprague, for half a century a leader of the Krie-countv bar, and otherwise distinguished among the eminent men of the Empire State, was born in New Hampshire in 1822. His father, Noah P. Sprague, moved to Buflalo in the spring of 1825, and the family followed one year later. Mr. Sprague had the benefit of an excellent education, obtained in the best schools of the country. At the age of fifteen he entered Phillips Exeter Academy, the famous preparatory school, and two years later began his course at Harvard College, graduating therefrom with the class of '43. Having determined to make the law his profession, he en- tered the office of Fillmore & Haven, Buffalo, as a student. This was one of the foremost legal firms in western New York, and Mr. Sprague had an excel- lent opportunity to obtain a training in the law com- mensurate with his general education previously acquired. He made full use of this opportunity, and was admitted to the bar in October, 1846, richly ecjuipped in every way for the splendid career before him. No history of the Erie-county bar for the last half of the nineteenth century would be complete without devoting liberal space to Mr. Sprague's work. His comprehensive education, dee]) learning in the law. ME.\ OF XEir roA'A- 4:; rare mental powers, and spotless, well-ripened char- acter, all conspired to make him a jurist of the very first rank. One may say of him what a eulogist said of Lord Bowen, " He was so great a lawyer because he was so much else." His ability became evident earlv in his career at the bar, and within a few years from the beginning of his practice he was entrusted with legal interests of great importance. In 1852 he was appointed the Buffalo attorney of the Clreat Western Railway Co., and in 1854 of the (Irand Trunk Railway Co. Other corporations were ijuick to seek his aid in the protection of their legal rights, and his work came to be largely of this nature. The Krie County Savings Bank, the International Bridge Co., the New York, Lake Erie & Western Railroad Co., as well as other large business concerns and individual litigants, made up his clientage. His al)ility as a lawyer was not confined to a single aspect of practice, but included all the important departments of legal procedure. He was wise and sympa- thetic in advising office clients ; he was painstaking and .skillful in preparing legal instnnnents ; he w^as alert, resource- ful, and rigidly tenacious of his clients' rights, in jury trials ; he was eloquent, convincing, and perfectly informed, in his addresses before the courts of review. Political honors might have been Mr. Sprague's for the asking — or rather ibr the acceptance, since he was repeatedly solicited to take public office. But he was wrapped up in his profession, and some features of political leadership were particularly distasteful to a man of his independent spirit. He consented, how- ever, in 1875, to supply a vacancy in the state senate for a single session. While there he made a memorable speech advocating a reduction of tolls on the Erie canal ; and he otherwise demonstrated his superior fitness for public life. He declined a re-election, however, consistently with his fixed pur- pose. Though Mr. Sprague was thus indif- ferent to the charms of political office, he gave himself unsparingly to public life in the larger sense. In all move- ments for the purification of politics, for the efficient and honest administration of public affairs, for the betterment of civic conditions in any respect, he was tirelessly active. Identified with many charitable associations, he served as trustee of the Children's Aid Society, the Charity Organ- ization Society, and the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children. He was at one time secre- tary of the Buffalo Orphan Asylum. For several years he was chancellor of the L^niversity of Buffalo. He was president of the Harvard Club of Western New York from the time of its organization in 1881. He was a member of the Civil Service Reform Association, believing earnestly in its principles and supporting actively its work. He was president of the Liberal Club, of the Young Men's Association (now the Buffalo Library), and of the Buffalo Club. He gave his time abundantly and his best thought to the good of the community. AVell might ex- President Hill of Harvard University name Mr. Sprague as one of three men \\hom he regarded as ideal citizens. EBEN CARI.kruX StRAGUK Mr. Sprague was liberally educated early in life, and ever afterward indulged his love of learning and of letters. In June, 1892, the degree of Doctor of Laws was conferred upon him by Harvard L^niver- 44 .\r/:.\ (>/■ .\ /■;;/■ )n/<:K sity. Mc was minutely acquaintet) with the best literature of various languages, and his occasional addresses were characterized l>y beautiful diction and stholiirly taste. He w;ls liroadly cultured as well as widely read, and enriched his mind with the treas- T/IOMAS /HOKXroX ures of art and mu>ic and nature. His life was well rounded on all sides. On February 1^5, IHilo, in his seventy-third year, Mr. Sprague was taken ill without warning while reading aloud to his wife an extract from his favorite Shelley. The end came the next day, and a light went out that had illumined a wide area, and had even made the world permanently brighter. Courts adjourned, flags were made an emblem of mourning, and every mark of respect was |>aid to his memory ; but the sen.sc of personal bereavement that shadowed a multitude of hearts was the most significant tribute to the character and influence of Kben Carleton Sprague. I'EKSONAL CUKONOLOGY—Ebdi Carleton Sf-ragiif loiii Iwrii at /i,t//i, X. //. , Xirffm/'fr 20. 1SJ2 : [>r(lHireJ /or colltge at Phillipi Exeter Acade- my, and f^radiiated from Han-ard in 18-iS ; was ad- mitted to the liar in IS^O : married Elizabeth It. Williams of Buffalo June Jii, 1840; was state senator. IS7fJ-77 : practiced law in Buffalo from ISlfi! until /lis death February J^, isu:,. CbOmaS TTbOrntOU had for numy years a prominent |url in the tonuner- cial, philanthropic, and social life of Buffalo. He wa.s an excellent type of the Knglishman imbued with American ideas, .sturdy in his convictions, con- scientious in all his dealings with his fellow-men, unobtrusive in private life, punctual in the jjerfonnance of every duty. He left a name untarnishetl, when he ])a.sscd away early in IKilU, full of years, and rich in the rewards of a career useful to others and honorable to himself. .\Ir. Thornton was born in the city of London in the year that marked the outbreak of our second war with Kng- land. His education and early training were received in his native land. He was by profession a i)hysician, and took his degree of Doctor of .Medicine be- fore leaving England. Reaching Buflalo when he had just attained his majorit) , Mr. Thornton practiced his profession there for twelve years. In lM4o, how- ever, he turned his attention to the sub- ject of the flour supply of Buflalo. At that time the Queen City, and in fact all the western |iart of New York, was supi)lied with flour from .Michigan and Dhio, brought thither in .sailing vessels. The (juality of this flour was very ])oor, and Mr. Thornton as a physician became convinced that the health of the community demanded a more whole- .some product than the article then in use there. He entered into partnership, accordingly, with 'Thomas Chester, under the firm name of Thornton iV Chester, and began his career a.s a flour merchant. The new firm introduced the latest improvements in machinery, selected the best ijualitics of wheat, and made their famous " Clobe " flour so much superior to existing brands that their business rapidly outgrew its original jiroportions. Thus forced to .secure larger accommodations, the firm leased the North Buffalo mills, the Frontier mills at Black Rock, and the S|>aulding mills at I.ockport. In addition to these the\ built the Nati(ui.nl mills, situated on Krie .1/f.V OF .VEir VORK street in Buffalo, with a capacity of lOUO barrels of flour a day. Mr. Thornton's commercial success naturallv brought him into intimate business relations with the leading financial men of Buffalo, and he was actively interested in various enterprises having for their object the development of the city. He was a member of the Merchants' Exchange and a trustee of the Board of Trade. He was for a long time president of the Bank of Commerce of Buffalo, and in his later years a large real-estate owner and capitalist. Mercantile matters, howe\'er, could not suppress his interest in letters and fine arts, and in the broader concerns of his fellow-citizens. He was a member of the Buffalo Historical Society and Fine Arts Academy. Reared and confirmed in the Church of England, he was active in works of religion and philanthropy. He was a member of the Young Men's Christian Association and one of its supporters ; and was for several years one of the board of managers of the Church Charity Foundation. Mr. Th'ornton's vigorous constitution enabled him to transact a vast amount of business. Even in old age, when most men seek retirement, often equivalent to stagnation, he attended regularly to his duties at his mills, and was at his office the very last day of his life. He was stricken with apople.xy in the afternoon on his return from business, and died the same evening. His death was an- nounced in the public press with tributes of respect and esteem. While Mr. Thornton's busine.ss life •was full and varied, his private life was quiet and retired. He was a gentleman in all his social relations, strict in his regard for the conventions and amenities of polite life, but of modest demeanor and habits. PERSONAL CHR ONOL OGY— Thomas Thornton was bom at London, England, February 11, 1812 : took the degree of Doctor of Medicine in London in 1830 ; practiced medicine in Biiffa/o, 1833-^5 : married Mary Bailey of New- bury, Ft. , January 1, 18^5 : engaged in the floi/r-tniiling business in Buffalo from 18.'/> until his dcatli February 22, 18'JG. and his death deprived the community of a useful and an honored member. As lawyer, judge, and private ( itizen, his record is worthy of praise and emulation. Judge Wardwell was born in Providence, R. I., and his ancestors were among the early settlers in the New t;ngland colonies, coming to this country in 1B36. After an excellent preparatory education he entered Allegheny College, Meadville, Penn., in 1848, and studied there three years. He was ambitious, however, for better advantages than a small college afforded, and in 1851 he entered Harvard as a junior, graduating in the class of '.5.3, with President Eliot as a cla.ssmate. He had already decided to make the law his profession, and he entered at once the Dane Law School at Cambridge, from which he received the degree of LL.B. in 1855. OeorflC S. Xl^ar&Well filled an important place in Buffalo, whic h was his home for forty years. GF.ORGE S. \\'ARi:)\\Kt./. The following year he was admitted to the bar at Buffalo : and in 185.H he opened an office there alone, and for thirty-five years practiced his pro- fession without a partner. Such a record is some- 40 .\f/:\ or \EW YORK what iintisiial in these days of larne legal fimis, l)ut liuigc W'anlwell loiiml it |K)s.sil)le to luiild u|i an ex- tensive prai-tice, anil make a plate lor himself at the Krie-coimty lar, without the aid of an associate. Jnilge Wardwell tiegan early in lite to take |>art in |Hil>lic affairs. In IHC.d and IMdT he fdled the ot!iie of city attorney. ei|uivalent to what is now known as eor|)oration (oun.sel. In lX(i!l-7artnershi|) his son, Ceorge T. Wardwell, and Otto W. \olger, under the firm name of Wardwell, \"olger iV Ward- well. This association lasted until his death. Judge Wardwell's interest in all movements for the good of the community was always active. He was one of the sujiporters of the Voung Men's Association, now the Buffalo Library, holding vari- ous offices therein, and becoming its president in 1H71. He held a profes-sorship in the Ruflfalo l^w School from its organization. In politics he was a strong Republican and a member of the Republican League. He was a warm friend of Grover Cleve- land, Oscar Folsom, and Lyman R. Bass, from the early days when, as young men, they were all begin- ning the practice of law in Buffalo. Judge Ward- well came of a family of earnest Methodists, anil joined the Methodist ihurch when a young man. He was a uicml)er of the I'niversitv Club and the Harvard Club : but he cared little for club life, and was devoted to his home and to his books. His private library, aside from his law books, was excel- lent, and covered a wide range of subjects. He was not content to own books ; he read them, and it was no uncommon thing for him to spenil the whole night among them. J'KRSOXAL CHKOXOLOGY— Georj^e Smilh U'lirihoell was horn at Prirriiifiuf, R. I. , August J J, 18J!> : j^raitualcii from J/anuin/ C WAxr in IS/iS, ami from Ihf Dane /(/;<■ Siliool, Caml>riii;^f, in JS'i'i : was at/mittri/ to the l>ar at HuffjiJo'^n IH'tlj, and liej^an practice there in 185S : marn'ei/ Mary E. Townsend of Buffahi June !), ISOJ ; was city attorney, ]S0(i-ti7, city clerk, ISHH-IO, and juilt^e of the Municipal Court, ISSO-fl.'. died at PutTiilo Ocl,er IS. IS!).;. IRobcrt t>amiltoii JBcst iwd a useful, pi( tiircsi|ue, ami hoiioiaiilc career. He followed a single calling, that of the iletective, during most of his life. He worked for a single corixjration, the .American Express Co., over thirty years. He lived in a single city, Buffalo, eighty-one years. His life was remarkable in many respeits. -Mr. Best was born in a little town of central Pennsylvania in the year 1X011 — the same annus mirahilis that brought into the world Oliver Weniiell Holmes, Tennyson, and (Iladstone. The records of the Holland Land Company show that William Best, the father of Robert H. Best, jturchased land in what is now Black Rock, Buffalo, in 1K1((. For a short time during the second war with Kngland the Best family were obliged to llee Buffalo for .safety ; but with that exception Robert Best lived in the Queen City from the time he was a year old until his death at the age of eighty-two. When he was taken to BulTalo the |>la( e was a country town of twelve or thirteen hundred jjcople, and was just discarding its early name of New .-Xmsterdam. He lived to see the city become the eleventh in the L'nited States in i)oiiit of po|>ulation, the first in the country in some important respects, and the first in the world in a few particulars. Mr. Best was one of the fortunate mortals whom nature obviously destines for certain work, and amply e(iui])s with the talents and aptitude a|)i)ropri- ate to such work. He was a born iletective. He came into the world with a mind and a tempera- ment nicely calculated to unveil secret crime. Sagacity, clearness of mental vision, .subtlety of insight, strength of pur|)ose, fearlessness, personal integrity — these trails of mind and character Mr. Best posses.sed in generous measure. His genius in unraveling mysteries was ap|)arent at an early age. ArE\ OF .XEU- YORK 47 and he was made a police detective in Buffalo at the beginning of his active life. Aside from Mr. Best's public career, of which more anon, the business of his life was his work as a detective for the American Express Co. In this trying and difficult calling he was signally success- ful. He served the company faithfully from the time of its early and uncertain ventures until it had become one of the great corporations of the land. In the course of this service he traveled over all parts of the United States on impor- tant and sometimes dangerous missions, and was concerned with some of the most famous cases in the annals of crime. Beginning in a subordinate capacity, he rose to the chief position in his depart- ment, and was fully trusted by all the high officers of the great corporation. In the later years of his life his health was such that he could not perform per- sonally some of the duties of his posi- tion ; but his counsel was so highly regarded and his previous work so much valued, that the company made him a confidential adviser, and continued his salary as if he were still in active service. In public life Mr. Best held various offices suited to his special talents. His first position was that of constable on the police force of Buffalo. Later in life he became chief of police of the city, and had an important part in organizing the detective work of the police depart- ment. Up to 1858 the chief of police was elected by the people ; but in 1857 an important change in the law was made, in virtue of which the mayor was authorized to appoint the chief of police and subordinate officers. Mr. Be,st was the first chief of police under the new arrangement. He began his duties, at the head of eleven police con- stables, in 1858, resigning at the end of his term of three years. Soon after this he was elected sheriff of Erie county. Both as chief of police and as sheriff, he served the public with rare fidelity. In political affairs Mr. Best w-as a lifelong Democrat, and was prominent in the councils of party leaders. PERSONAL CHR ONOL O G V— Robert Ham- ilton Best was born at Melrose, Penn., April 28, ISO'J : married Ami Elizabeth Kortright McGowan of New York city November 10, 18S5 ; zvas chief of police of Buffalo, 1858-60, and sheriff of Erie county, 1862— 6'4 ; 7C'as in the detective service of tlie American Ex/iress Co. at Buffalo from ISiJii until his death May 1, 1891. jf, S. iPcaSC made his name known in the trade of an important staple over a large part of the commercial world. Aside from his prominence in ROISERT H.AMII^TO.X BEST business, he gained distinction as a musician and an inventor. He was versatile, but not superficial. He was, indeed, so thorough in whatever he under- took that he carried along these diverse interests as though each were his chief concern in life. Mr. Pease was born in Rochester, near the close of the year 1822, and lived there for fifteen years. He then went to Buffalo, which was already giving promise of its later supremacy among the cities of western New York. Becoming interested in the manufacture of lubricating oils, he determined to make himself an expert in the subject. Buffalo had at that time only sixteen or seventeen thousand people, and its manufactures were neither large nor varied ; so that Mr. Pease was obliged to visit eastern 4s .I/A".\" or A/://' VOh'K cities for the c\|>crit*ncc and working knowledge that he needed. He left HufTalo, therefore, after only a hrief slay there, and sjient the next ten years in varioiLs |>arts of the VjisA. This long jjeriod of biLsiness preiKiration he devoted chiefly to s|>e( ial study of lubricating oils. He investigated exhaus- /■ .V I'l- tSF lively the chemical properties of the best existing oils, and thoroughly mastered ail that was then known about the subject. Returning to Hiiffalo in 1«4H, Mr. IV-ase estab- li.shed on lower Main street the nucleus of a business that was destined to ex|)and and ramify until the industrial world was covered. Success so extraor- dinary could hardly have been predicted at the start : but the foundations of substantial success had been laid in the years before. The original store was small, but additions were required from time to time, and the establi.shment soon became one of the most important in Huffalo. The I'ease lubri- cating oils were brought to the attention of con- sumers over a wide terrilorv, and won their wav t" favor wherever introduced. .\s early as l>«t»2 a prize medal was awarded to the I'". S. I'ease product at the London Kx)X)sition ; and similar awards were afterwards made at Paris, Vienna, Santiago, and Philadelphia. Kven in distant .Australia prizes were taken at Sidney and at Melbourne. Seven medals were received at the .National KxiK)sition of Railroad .■\|)i)lianutation among scientists inter- ested in the subject. .\lr. Pease was a many-sided man, as has been said, and his genius as an in- ventor was evident in numerous ]iractical a|)i>liances. Kxamples may be found in his raking platform for harvesting ma- chines, cast-iron movable teeth for mow- ers and reapers, < om|>ound repeating and printing telegraph instnmient, a|>plian( e for the testing of oil by electricity, and an acolian attachment for the guitar. This last invention brings to mind Mr. Pea.se's love for music. Kor many years he was the ])rinci|>al tenor in the Huffalo Kjiiscojial churches, and he was also a composer of music. PERSOXAL CHROXOI.OG Y— Hrancii Stfbens Pease was born al Rochester December 2^, 1S2J : moveJ to Buffalo in IS-M : eni;aj;eii in chemical studies in eastern cities, ISSS—^S ; marrieJ Lucretia Gooilale of Buffalo in lS4-'>, ami A. tie Etta Blooil- i;ooorter," Wetlsiille, N. }'., from 1S7'), and of the Wellsville "Daily Reporter" from 1880, until his death January 8, 1888. ARTHLR CLEVEl.ASD COXIi HrtbUr ClCVClan^ COie, I'oet, preacher, and prelate, wxs born in Morris county, New Jersey, in IHIH. His father, Samuel Hanson Cox, was a tlistinguished Presbyterian clergyman, and many characteristics of the son were foreshadowed in the father. Becoming pastor of a church in New York city in 1H21, Samuel Cox lived there for the next twelve years. He took a leading [art in the founda- tion of the University of the City of New York, and his son Arthur graduated with distinction from that institution in 1838. Influenced by maternal rela- tives and social connections, Arthur Coxe became an adherent of the Protestant Kpi.sco(al church early in life, and so remained until his death. Kntering the Cienerai Theological Seminary of that church after graduation from college, he completed his studies for holy orders in 1841. He was ordained deacon June 27, 1^41, and priest September 2o, l'<42. Taking charge of St. Ann's Church, Morrisania, N. Y., .shortly after his ordination to the diacon- ate, he moved thence in 1842 to Hartford, Conn., where he was rector of St. John's from 184.J until 1H.J4. In the latter year he accejited a call to (Irace Church, Balti- more. Klected bishop of 'I'e.xas in 185(5, he declined to ser\'e, and remained in Baltimore until 18()3. In that year he became rector of Calvary Church, New York, and was soon afterward elected a.ssistant bishop of the diocese of West- ern New York. He was consecrated in Trinity Church, deneva, N. Y., January 4, lK(i,") ; and on the death of Bishop I )e I^ncey three months later, he suc- ceeded as the second bishop of the dio- cese. Trom an early period in his ministry Bishop Coxe took [jart in the councils of his church. He was a member of the (Jeneral Conventions held in 1853 and in lx5!(. In the former year he moved an addition to the Litany, while Bishop .\lon/o Potter made a similar motion in the house of bishops ; and this unplanned concert of action ultimately resulted in the ado|)tion of additional prayers, and in the movement for the revision of the Book of Common Prayer. 'Taking ac- tive interest in the missionary work of the church. Bishop Coxe traveled exten- sively abroad in jjromoting this branch of the service. In 1872, when the Epis- cojwl missions in Hayti were placed in his charge, he visited the island, organ- ized churches, and ordained clergy. He retained the oversight of the Haytian chun h imtil the con- secration of its own bishop in 1874. As a |)oet and prose writer Bishop C i)\e acquired fame early in life, publishing several volumes of poems before his ordination. The poetical work by which he is best known is probably his "Christian Ballads," first published in 1845. These poems, jiartly the work of his college days, reflected the purity and ilevoutness of his own mind and heart, and a])pealed powerfully to all earnest thinkers on spiritual subjects. More important than these, how- ever, or any other jKiems of his, were his contribu- tions to theological learning, biblical criticism, and church literature. His writings of this nature were MEX OF NEW YORK 51 of unequal merit, but much of his work will have value for a long time to come. He was a devoted student of the early Christian Fathers, and his edi- tion of their writings has been widely circulated in this country. A critical scholar and a polished writer, he was a formidable controversialist. He opposed with great force all attempts to change the text of the Scriptures, and his "Apology for the English Bible," published in 1854, led to the sup- pression of the new and crude revisions of the Bible made at great cost by the American Bible Society. It has been said of Bishop Coxe that his antago- nism to the Church of Rome knew no bounds, and some of his polemical essays certainly explain, if they do not altogether justify, the statement. In 1866 his more important disputatious writings up to that time were gathered into a volume entitled "The Criterion," which defined his position clearly, and was intended to justify his standing as a churchman, and his attitude toward Dr. Newman and the Roman Catholic church. In 1867-68 he contributed to the " Union Chre- tienne," a periodical published in Paris in the interest of Gallicanism, a series of articles on the subject of " Anglican Or- ders." In 1869 he published an "Open Letter to Pius IX." in answer to the brief convoking the Vatican council. This spirited letter was translated into various languages, and had a wide cir- culation on the continent of Europe. In 1872 there appeared in Paris his "L' episcopal de I' Occident," a new presentation of the history of the Church of England, and a refutation of Roman Catholic attacks. Almost his last piece of intellectual work was a series of ar- ticles addressed to Cardinal Satolli, in which he emphasized anew his hostility to the Church of Rome. Bishop Coxe was endowed with rich gifts, and impressed everyone as a strong and great man. His intense earnestness and force of character, and remarkable ability in various ways, made him a bulwark of strength to any movement that gained his support ; and it is hardly too much to say that, at the height of his influence, his advocacy of any cause meant the success of the cause. Personally he was a man of most engaging manners, and his venerable presence in the later years of his life suggested a certain sense of graciousness and kindly feeling. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY— Arthur Cleve- land Coxe was born at Mendham, N. J. , May 10, 1818 ; graduated from the University of the City of New York in 18S8, and from the General Theological Seminary, Neiv York city, in 18^1 ; had pastorates at Morrisania, N. Y., Hartford, Conn., Baltimore, Md. , and New York city, 18^1-64 ; became assistant bishop of M'estern New York January Jf, 1865, and bishop of IVestern New York later in the same year ; died at Clifton Springs, N. Y. , July 20, 1896. Hsber aSentOn JEvanS, one of the fore- most American mathematicians, and a distinguished scholar and educator, was born in Tompkins county. New York, in September, 1834. He attended the common schools, and for a brief period a private school, under a sympathetic teacher, with whom he .ASHER BENTON EV.4NS began to develop his remarkable talent for pure mathematics. In 1848 his father moved with his family to the town of Somerset, Niagara county, N. Y. , and settled upon a farm, where Mr. Evans .t/AW ()/•" .VA/C )'('A'A' niadc hi> home during youth anil early manhood. He pursued his favorite study for several years, with unflagging /.eal, hut without instruction or assistam c c\< ept from such mathematical treatises anil journals as he was able to procure. l-"rom the age of seventeen until he entered college Mr. Kvans taught country schools during the winter terms with marked ability anil success. He was a student at the Wilson C"ollegiale Institute in ]><'>4, and was afterward pre|>ared for college at Yates Academy under the tutelage of Professor Fairman. By this time his teaching had provided a fund suf- ficient, with strict economy, to liefray his expenses through college; and in the spring of iXolS he entered the sophomore class of the I'niversity of Rochester. His mathematical knowledge was al- ready not only far in ad\ance of the rc<|uirements of the ordinary college i urriculum, but also beyonil the attainments of many ju.stly esteemed university and college professors of mathematics. In the fall of 1M5H he entered the junior cla.ss of Madison ( now Colgate) University, from whiih he graduated with honors in 1?4-ti.') ; Wilson Collegiate Institute, 1>S()5-()G; and Lockjjort L'nion School from IMH> until his death in September, 1891. Professor Kvans was in frequent corres|)ondence with the most eminent mathematicians of this coun- try and of Kurope. .Among his corrcsponilents in this country were Professor Benjamin Peirce, LI.. D., of Harvard I'niversity; Simon Ncwcomb, LL. I)., and .Artemas Martin, LL. D., of the Naval Ob- servatory at Washington ; Asaph Hall, the astrono- mer ; Profes.sor J. D. Runkle of Cambridge, Mass.; and Profes.sor Trowbridge of Toledo, Ohio. He contributed largely to various advanced mathemat- ical journals pul>lished here and abroad. In lH(i4 he received the honorary degree of .Master of .Arts from the University of Rochester. For many years Professor Kvans made the calcu- lations for a number of high-grade almanacs. His ability to solve the most abstruse mathematical prob- lems was at once the desjjair and delight of his fel- low mathematicians. In this field he was without a rival in this country or in Kurope. The late William Kingdon Clifford of Kngland, whose es.says are among the most brilliant and profounil contributions to Knglish literature, was his only noteworthy com- petitor in this specialty. ,An appreciative writer in the Acaiiemy for Decem- ber, IHitl, ex|>res.sed the opinion that Profes.sor Kvans was easily the .strongest man connected with secondary education in the state of New York. He |>osses.sed extraordinary executive ability, and almost unrivaled powers as a disciplinarian. Not- withstanding his predilection for mathematics, he was thoroughly grounded and well read in latin and Oreek, both of which he taught with marked success. He was a diligent student of the natural sciences, especially geology, botany, and mineralogy, and had a decided bent towards scientific ob.servation, analysis, and classification. He showed him.self entirely competent to "drive the sciences abreast." Professor Kvans was for many years a Fellow of the .-Vmerican .As.sociation for the .Advancement of Science, attending many of its meetings and |jartici- jjating prominently in its proceedings. He was a valued member of the New York Mathematical So- ciety. He also belonged to the .\Ia.sonic order, in whose aims he was deejily interested. Profes-sor Kvans left a deep im|>ress for good upon the minds and hearts of the many hundreds of students who, during his long career a.s a teacher, came within the range of his inlluence and person- ality. His most distinguishing mental and moral traits, aside from his mathematical bias, were manli- ness, energy, veracity, thoroughness, moral courage, a wise reticence, and more than all a will that was daunted by no obstacles and brooked no defeats. He was above the ordinary height, of large frame, commanding presence, great physical strength, and with a caijacity for continued labor and endurance that was simply wonderful. Profesiior Kvans's social tastes were best satisfied by the calm delights of domestic life. He loved his home, his family, the (juietude and society of his library, and the studies of the thinker and the scholar. He shunned publicity and the footlights. His natural gifts were so extraordinary in one direc- tion that he might well be clas-sed as a mathematical genius. Preferring and zealously jiromoting the symmetrical development of all his faculties, he be- came a profound scholar, successful teacher, wise counselor, honored citizen, faithful friend, affection- ate and beloved husband and father. PERSOXAL CHRONOLOGY— Asher Pni- ton Evans 7i/•" .VA"/r J'OA'A' was a gooil I«itin scholar as well. During the early years of his nsideiuc in Ijn<;L>iter he took an active |>art in the formation of the I^ncaster Liter- ary Society, and maintained his interest in the orjjani/ation ii|i to the time of his death. He was a rcfjiilar attendant at the weekly meetings of the ASHKK W .\tl.\I.R society, reading before it many papers on a variety of subjects, and taking an active part in its debates. PERSO.XAL ClIROXOLOGY— Rudolph Hof- ffld liuis horn at Eni^er, U'(st/>hiilui, Prussia, Afiirch ■!, I8SS ; received a _^enei-al and technical education ; came to the United States in 1851 ; was a druggist' s clerk, 18')l—'i9 ; engaged in the manufacture of coal oil in West Virginia, IS/ift-Ol ; married Henrietta J. Koopmans of Lancaster, N. Y., January 12, 1803; established a tannery at Lancaster in ISGl, and was engaged in this and other business enterprises, there and in Buffalo, until his death August 4, 18ftG. HSbCr Id. flDiUCr, for many years one of the strongest comnicrciai, political, and social forces of Allegany county, New York, was descended from an old and distinguished Knglish family. The line of ancestry may be seen clearly running lack through Knglish hi.story to mediaeval times, and may be traced in this country from the year lti."?(t. The familv became well establishcti in Connecticut, and .Mr. Miner's father was born in that state. He crossed the line into New York, however, with other enterprising emigrants, early in the westward move- ment, settling first in Madison county, where Asher Miner was born, and after- ward in Allegany. The journey from central New York through the wilder- ness to .Mlegany county was made in l«"i!l, and was attendeil with many hard- ships and some dangers. Asher was then a boy of fifteen, and the experience doubtless had some influence in molding his courageous and self-reliant character. -Moreover, the trying conditions of pio- neer life involved a disciplinary training of the highest value to the young man. He attended the primitive schools of the settlement, but acquired his education largely from the fireside instruction of his intelligent and religious |)arents. In- deed his whole environment was well fitted to give him a most admirable edu- cation in the original and best sense of the word — to make him self-restrained and self-resourceful, industrious, frugal, sagacious, thoroughly honest. These cardinal virtues of character and capacity distinguished Mr. Miner throughout his career, and made po.ssible his brilliant success in life. When Mr. Miner was emerging from youth into manhood Allegany county was densely wooded, and its people were largely engaged in the lumber business; and he himself was occupied for a number of years in carrying on an e.xtensive lumber yard at Richburg. He also engaged in general merchandising, and attained in both lines of business an unusual degree of success. Becoming well and favorably known over a wide area in the .*^ollthern Tier, he enlarged his business dealings as favoring chances came to hand, and gradually built up, by entirely legitimate methods, a substantial fortune. He was near the Allegany oil fields, and naturally became interested in the mar- velous developments of that region. Investing boldly, but discriminatingly, he profited much from his transactions in the oil territory. .VEX OF A'Eir WT/HA' 55 Mr. Miner became best known, however, in the world of business as a banker. His sound judg- ment on commercial and financial matters, wide experience, and spotless probity, fitted him to dis- charge with unusual success the delicate and impor- tant functions of a banker. In 1864 he assisted in organizing the First National Bank of Friendship, and was president of the institution from 1870 until his death in 1892. He was a stockholder and a director in the First National banks of Cuba, Sala- manca, and Franklinville, in the Citizens' Bank of Arcade, and in the F'irst National Bank of Exeter, Neb. He was interested as a stockholder in various other banking institutions. In political, religious, and social affairs Mr. Miner was fortunate in a measure consistent with the business success already described. He was a strong Republican in political belief, and stood high in the local counsels of the party. He represented his fellow-citizens frequently in county and state con- ventions ; and in 1888 he was a member from New York of the electoral college. He was public-spirited in a rare degree. From 1860 on he made his home in Friendship, and spent thousands of dol- lars in promoting the prosperity of the town and its institutions. He bore half the cost of the beautiful church erected by the Baptists of Friendship, and for a long time he made up from his own purse the annual deficit of the society. Upon other churches, individuals, and schools he lavished gifts in comprehen- sive kindness. Stricken down by heart disease on Memorial Day, 1892, he passed away amid the sorrow of a multi- tude of friends, closing a life long in years, and rich in deeds of charity. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Asher Wetmore Miner was born at Brook- field, Madison county, N. ¥., December 15, 18 IJ/. ; attended district schools ; mar- ried Electa R. Carter of Friendship, N. v., September 31, 1837 ; engaged in the lumber and the oil business, and in general merchandising, in Allegany county, ISJfJ^-lO ; was a presidential elector in 1888 ; was president of the First A'ational Bank of Friendship from 1870 until his death May SO, 1892. ing the district school summer and winter until he was old enough to work on the farm, he afterward received the benefit of winter sessions only. That he made good use of these restricted opportunities is proved by the fact that at the age of sixteen he was engaged to teach in the school where he had so easily outstripped his mates. Brief periods of attendance at Alfred University and Friendship Academy, where he was both student and assistant teacher, were laying solid foundations for a thorough education, when Mr. Scott heard the call for volunteers at the opening of the Civil War. It will be remembered that President Lincoln's proc- lamation calling for 75,000 men was issued April 15, 1861. Early in May the name of Rufus Scott of Friendship was enrolled on the list of the 23d New York infantry for a ]iossible i>eriod of two years. rui-l:s SCOTT IRUfUS Scott spent his early years after the manner of thousands of other farmer boys. Attend- Probably he had but faint premonition of the awful struggle that was to take place in that time, and did not dream that further service still would be re- quired. Beginning as a private, he was promoted bft AfEX or XEir VOKK and commissioned major in the IJJOth New York volunteer infantry on August 'I'l, lH(i2. The regi- ment was transferred to cavalry in lH(i."{, and named the I'.lih New York volunteer cavalry, and later the 1st New York dragoons. Major Scott was success- ively promoted to the rank of lieutenant colonel, l)revet colonel, and brigadier general, ami was in active field service during the whole of the war. He was wounded six times in Iwttle — four times in the Shenandoah-valley camjiaign of lH(j4. At the close of the war he was a|<|iointed captain of cavalry in the regular army, Init declined the ap|)ointment. It is an interesting coincidence that Mr. Scott's funeral occurred on October l!l, the anniversary of the lattle of Cedar Creek, where he had command of his regiment. .\ftcr his honorable disi harge Mr. S( olt took up his residence in Belmont, N. Y., and began the study of law. He was admitted to the bar in 186(5, and practiced in Belmont until 1S«;5, when he moved to Wellsville, where he lived ami practiced until his death. From the year when, before his majority, he took the stump for Lincoln in Allegany county, Mr. Scott was an enthusiastic Rejuiblican. He was much sought as a speaker in the cam|jaigns of New York anil Pennsylvania until he determined to abandon active politics. He held the office of supervisor four times, and that of district attorney twice, and was never defeateil. ( )ther pul)lic offices were ten- dered to him, but he declined to accept them. In 1881, on account of impaired health, and as a relief from constant professional work, Mr. Scott turned to oil operations. The Allegany oil field had then just been discovered, and his investments there met with uniformly good success. Opening anew the abandoned Waugh and Porter field, he developed it into a valuable property. He became one of the projectors of the Producers' Oil C"o., Limited, and the |)olicy of the comjjany was largely shajjed by him. The .same may be said of the kin- dred organization, the Pure Oil Co. He was vice president of the Producers' Protective As.sociation, and a member of its executive board. The "shut in movement" greatly interested him, and through its agency he saw between three and four million dollars of ])rofits C(|uitably and satisfactorily divided between capital and labor. .About twelve years ago Mr. Scott turned his at- tention to a languishing industry, the ])roduction of carlion black from natural gas. .Assuming charge of the works at Allcntown, N. Y., and Ludlow, Penn., he helped develo|) what has come to be regarded as an unrivaled carbon black, which commands its own market without competition. This product is known as the " Peerless Carbon Black." Mr. Scott was interested in all that pertained to the welfare of his neighborhood, and of Wellsville [articularly. He often contributed editorials to the local papers, as well as letters over his own signa- ture on topics of current interest. He was a mem- ber of the local .social organizations, and was associ- ated with the Hpi.scopal church. PERSOXAL CHROXOLOGY— Ru/us Scott was /win at FrienJship, X. V., Octobers, ISSS : loas eiiticatfil at Alfrfit C'niversitx and /•'nfni/sltlf> Academy : enliited in the Union army in ISlJl, and sen'ed tliroitj^/wtit the war : married Mary M. A.xlell of Friendship Xcn-emher 1^, ISfH ; was admitted to the liar in IStJO ; 7C'as district attorney o/ A/Zex'any county, lSi!ft-74 ; ww-f " member of the Allegany-county board of superrisors, lS2 and lS7ii-7!) ; prac- ticed la70 at Belmont, N. v., ISaaS.i, and at li'eNs- ville, from ISS-i unfit his death October 10, 1S!KJ. Isaac tt. 'CaOCiart, for many years one of the best known and most popular men in Buffalo, was born in Livingston county in 1H42. He moved from there, when a boy, to Krie, Penn., and spent his youth and early manhood in that city. .After obtaining his education in the public schools of Krie, he entered the service of the l^ke Shore & Michigan Southern railroad in its operating deiKirt- ment. He remained with the comjiany about twelve years, holding the position of |)a.s.senger-irain con- ductor most of the time, and nnining from Buffalo to Cleveland. In this position he had an imu.sually good opjjortimity to make acquaintances and friends, and he betame one of the l)est-known and best-liked train men on the road. The position of a railroad conductor is attractive in many ways, but rarely holds out much promise for the future. Mr. Taggart was sagacious enough to see this, and in 1.S74 he .severed his connection with the l^ke Shore company and established him- self in Buffalo. For many years thereafter he con- du< ted Tucker's hotel, at the corner of Mi( higan and Lxchange streets. This house became the headcpiarters of many railroad men, and was also much favored by the general ]jublic. Mr. Taggart was largely interested, also, in the Stock E.\change hotel at Last Buffalo, and in the sales stables con- nected therewith. He was a great lover of horses, and was never so happy as when holding the reins over a jtair of spirited animals. One of Mr. Taggart's characteristics was his tendency to look into the fiiture, and not to rest content with existing conditions. This jirudent cast MEN OF NEW YORK 57 of mind had taken him out of raih-oading into a more lucrative and generally higher position in life, and so it took him out of the hotel business. Seeing in the growth of Buffalo an excellent chance to engage in real-estate operations, he gradually withdrew his capital from hotel property, and con- centrated his business energy on land ventures. He acquired considerable real estate in this way, both in Buffalo and in other parts of Erie county. In the later years of his life Mr. Tag- gart devoted an increasing amount of time to political matters. He had al- ways been a consistent and an earnest Democrat, but he held no public office until May 29, 1894, when he was ap- pointed sheriff of Erie county by Gov- ernor Flower, to succeed August Beck. Bringing to this position business experi ence of an unusually varied and valu- able nature, Mr. Taggart conducted the sheriff's office with marked ability and with justice to all. From his early career on the road be- tween Buffalo and Cleveland imtil his latter days in the sheriff's office, Mr. Taggart wa.s the embodiment of good- fellowship. His generous disposition and kindly impulses endeared him to a large circle of friends ; and his death on May 8, 1895, was greatly lamented in Buffalo and elsewhere. PERSONAL CHRONOLOGY — Isaac Havens Taggarf ivas born at Sparta, Livingston county, N. ¥., September !). lSi2 ; 7vas educated in the public schools of Erie, Penn. ; 7C'as in the employ of the Lake Shore &= Michigan Southern railroad company, 186S-H ; married Frances C. Tuthill of Buffalo July 1, 1865; engaged in the hotel business and in real-estate operations at Buffalo, 187Jf-9Ji. ; was appointed sheriff of Eric county May 29, 189Jf ; died at Buffalo May 8, 1895. He was a " leading citizen " in the best sense of the term, and could be counted on to aid in every worthy enterprise. " Doctor (ieorge," as he was affectionately called to distinguish him from his fiither, ac(|uired his early education in ])rivate schools in Buffalo before the (Seorge 1R. JSUrWell, one of the most emi- nent and best-beloved of Buffalo's physicians, was a son of Dr. Bryant Burwell, who moved to Buffalo from Herkimer county, New York, in 1824, and associated himself in the practice of medicine with Dr. Cyrenius Chapin, whose name heads the list of resident physicians of the settlement. The elder Dr. Burwell soon attained a foremost rank in his pro- fession, and was prominent for many years in the medical associations of the county, state, and nation. /.SAAC H. lACGARr establishment of the public-school system. He was but five \^ears old when the family moved to Buffalo, so that he was to all intents and purposes a native of the city. At the age of twenty-one he began his medical studies, attending a course of lectures at Geneva, N. Y., in 1840-41. In the fall of the latter year he went to Philadelphia, where he graduated in April, 1843. The next year he returned to Buffalo, and began his long and successful career as a physi- cian. Father and son practiced together for nearly twenty years, or until the death of the former in 1862.' Four years beginning in 1868 Dr. Burwell spent in Europe. Most of this time was passed at Berlin in the Pathological Institute, as a i)upil of Virchow f 58 .l/AA' OF XEl\- YORK and I.iclireich, and in attendance u|ion Professor Traulic' in the Charity Hospital. Returning to Hnf- falo in 1H72, he |i;lssc(1 the rest of his life in devoted, skillful, and successful ministration to his fellow- men. He |)Os.ses.sed in large measure the qualities that make the ideal physii ian. Hundreds of men GEORGE N. BUR WELL and women in Buffalo owed life and happiness not alone to his professional skill, but to his cheery hel|)- fulness and hopefulness. He was the friend of his patients not less than their physician, and nothing that might add to their comfort of body or mind was beneath his notice or outside his province. High xs was his standing as a physician, it is as a man that Dr. Uurwell deserves the highest praise. No one in Buffalo had more friends than he, and none had a better right to sincere and devoted friend.ship. His character was singularly strong and sweet, and his tenderness and gentleness were like a woman's. Children, those intuitive judges of hiunan nature, loved him and were loved by him. 'i'ravel and reading and study had enriched a mind highly endowed by nature : and he was a delightful con- versationalist, and a man of most pleasing personality. He was a true "gentleman of the old school," whose deference to women and courtesy to all were but the outward expression of a generous and noble character. His death brought a sense of personal loss to many hearts, and his name is still cherished in many homes as that of a beloved physician and trusted friend. PERSOXAL CHROXOLOG Y — , Geors^e X. Biinvdl urns Iwrn in Iltrki- mi-r county, Xrtv York, Mux 10, 1819 ; move J to Buffalo in IS^I,, and 7oas fJiicateJ in firivule schools there ; studied medicine in ]'hiladelf>hia, and received his degree in ISJfi .• />racticcd his profession in Buffalo from 1SJ,J, until his death Afay I'l, lUftl, joith the exception of four years spent in study in Europe. 3. 1R, /IDattbCWS, for many years one of the foremost editors of western New York, was Ijorn in the county of Suffolk, Kngland, in 1«2«. Unable to pursue a systematic and thorough course of study, he became an ajiprentice at an early age to the printing and book -bind- ing business. No trade affords a better substitute for .scholastic training, anil the young printer made the most of his o])portunities. By the time he was seven- teen years old he had ac(|uired unusual proficiency in his trade, and had also laid the groundwork of a coni])rehensive general education. He came to Amer- ica, therefore, in his eighteenth year, excellently equip|)ed for the great work before him. Proceeding directly to Buffalo, Mr. Matthews made that city his home all the rest of his life. Entering the |)rinting offiie of Jewett, Thomas & Co., connected with the Commercial Advertiser, he ([uickly showed his su]jerior technical training, and was made foreman of the office in a few months. He was an apprentice still, and was less than twenty years old, and the establishment was one of the best of its kind in the country. The managing jartner, C. F. S. Thomas, who had a national reputation as a |)rinter, was very |)roud of his young foreman, and valued his services highly. Mr. Thomas was noted, however, for his eccentric and choleric head, and his apprentice had the temjier of youth anil the indei)en- dence of conscious ability. The two men, in short, could not get on together ; and the younger left the MEN OF NEW YORK 59 office, declaring that he would never return except as its master. Such proved to be, indeed, the man- ner of his return. Thirteen years intervened, however, before that event, and Mr. Matthews was variously occupied during the interval. After working for a while, in 1848-49, in the office of the Buffalo Republican as foreman, he set up a place of his own in the old building at the southeast corner of Washington and E.xchange streets, directly opposite the site of the Washington block which he afterward built with a partner, and ultimately owned alone. In 1850 he became foreman of the job-printing office attached to the Buffalo Express, of which A. M. Clapp and Rufus Wheeler were then proprietors. After a year he was admitted to partnership, and the firm of Clajjp, Matthews & Co. soon became celebrated as the foremost railroad printers in the country. In 18()0 a political misunder- ^ standing between Messrs. Clapp and Wheeler caused the latter to withdraw from the Express. He was strongly attached to Mr. Matthews, and induced him to leave the paper likewise, and unite with himself and Tames D. Warren i in publishing the Commercial Advertiser, and conducting the printing plant con- nected therewith. The firm of Wheeler, \ Matthews & Warren thus formed was altogether successful, and enjoyed for a ' decade or more a virtual monopoly of the fine colored printing for railroads. Mr. Wheeler's health failing, he soon retired on a competency, and the two remaining partners bought his interest, and continued the business under the well-known style of Matthews & Warren. An incident of their business was the purchase, in 1872, of a controlling inter- est in the Express. They sold the paper in a few months, but carried it on, as well as the Commercial, during the excit- ing campaign of 1872 and the first year of CJrant's second term. The partner- ship of Matthews & Warren continued successful and harmonious until the fall of 1877. Then a disagreement between the partners on a question of the politi- cal policy of the newspaper, brought a dissolution of their interests. They had always made their investments together, even outside of the printing business, and owned a large amount of real estate in common. It so happened that these outside interests about ecjualed the Commercial and the printing business in value. The two partners went over the account, and agreed that this was substantially the state of affairs. Mr. Matthews offered Mr. Warren his choice of taking the one or the other; and Mr. Warren, after a day's considera- tion, took the business. It was honorably characteristic of Mr. Matthews to withdraw voluntarily from his cherished and lucra- tive post on the Commercial rather than sacrifice an atom of self-respect ; and his devotion to principle is evidenced still more in the fact that he supposed the step meant his retirement forever from Buffalo journalism. This was not to be, however. The fortunes of the Buffalo Express were then at a very low ebb. 'I'here were bright spots in the past of the paper ; but at that time it was the tool of scheming ]joliticians, and was thoroughly discredited. Mr. J. N. M.-iTTHEWS Matthews was persuaded to attempt the rehabilitation of the property ; and on Monday morning, January 7, 1878, the first number under the new manage- ment appeared. The failure of the venture and ruin flO MEN OF NEW VORK of the proprietor were freely predicted and adver- tised in some i|iiarlers ; l>iit the elements of inevitable ultimate siir< ess were lioiintl up with the enterprise in the character and ca|>acity of J. N. Matthews. His independence, fearlessness, and unyielding pro- bity were united to rare intellectual vigor and power of application. He was a strong writer and a for- midable controversialist. His editorials had great influence in Buffalo, and thou-sands of men now living formed their jxilitical o|)inions, and especially their notions of local government, very largely along the lines laid down consistently and convincingly for many years by Mr. Matthews. He wa.s an earnest Republican from the very birth of the party, but did not believe in carrying jwrtisanship into municijud alTairs. The standards of |)ublic servic e demandeii by him were high and invariable, whatever the exigeniies of |)olitical policy might seem to reipiire. He made the /ix/>ir.ss a |>owcrful factor for clean and honest government. Controlled by such principles, the Huffalo Ex/'ress rose rapidly to a foremost |K>sition among the news- [japcrs of western New York, and Mr. Matthews found himself more fortunately placed from all points of view than he ever could have been in his earlier a.s.so( iatioii. The printing business connected with the |»aper grew and pros|)ered likewise. Mr. Matthews had ex(|uisite taste as a printer, and thorough tec hnual knowledge of the art in all its liranches; and the printing house of Matthews, Northrup &: fo. became under his management one of the most successfid concerns of the kind in the country. J'KKSOXAL CHRONOLOGY — Janus N. Miilthfivi 7i>as born at Buns^ay, county of Suffolk, Eui^/anJ, Noi'fmher 21, 1S2S : learned the printer' ■€ trade, ami came to the United States in ISJfG ; mar- ried J/arriet Wells of Westjield, N. J'., July 2 J,, IS't I ; was employed in various printiui; offices in Huffalo, ISJ^tl-OO ; loas editor and one of the publishers of the "Commercial Advertiser,''' lSt!0-77 : was a delegate at large to the Republican national conventions of 1S72 and ISTH : published the Buffalo ' ' Express ' ' from January 7, 1S7S, until his death, including a Sunday edition after No^'emher '20, ISSS : died Decem- ber 20, y,f,9,V. m^^f^^Mi^' ^^^^ SYNOPTICAL INDEX The S\n()ptical Index comprises an out- line of each of the biographies included in the two volumes of A\en of Nhw York, with additional items necessary to complete the record up to January 1, 1898. Bioii^raphies indexed with the letter W will be found in the Western Section, in the first volume. Biographies indexed with the letters M, E. C, G, and D will be found respectively in the A'\anhattan, Eastern, Che- mung, Genesee, and Departed Sections, in the second volume. SYNOPTICAL INDEX ABELL, C. LEE ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo October 4, LSSG ; held various clerkships in Buffalo and Bradford, Penn., 1872-80; married Emma L. Far- thing of Buffalo March 25, 1880 ; was a member of the National Guard in Buffalo, 1881-94 ; has been manager and part owner of the Marine elevator, Buffalo, since 1881 449 W ABELL, HENRY E. ; resides in Brooklyn ; was born at Esperance, Schoharie count)-, N. Y., June 25, 1837 ; was educated at Delaware Literary Institute and Columbian University, Washington, D. C. ; married Lucia Smith of Cobleskill, N. Y., in Jan- uary, 1861 ; was engaged in government work in Washington, 18(51-64; published the Schoharie Union, 1864-69 ; was deputy surveyor of the port of New York, 1869- 73, and private secretary to Governor Cor- nell, 1880-82 ; was a member of the state legislature in 1895 and 1897. . . . 61 M ADAMS, EDWARD L. ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Clarence, N. Y., January 3, 1851 ; was educated at the State Normal School at Brockport, N. Y., and at the University of Rochester, from which he graduated in 1875; was city editor of the Kodae^lur Democrat and Chronicle, 1875- 80 ; married Kate Linn Atvvater of Elmira January 22, 1879 ; engaged in oil produc- tion at Bradford, Penn., 1880-82; was editor of the Elmira Daily Advertiser, 1882-97 ; was appointed tax commissioner of New York state in 1895 for a term of three years 33 C ADAMS, REUBEN A. ; resides in Roches- ter ; was born at Marion, N. Y., April 3, 1841 ; was educated in the ])ublic schools and at Marion Collegiate Institute : gradu- ated from the Hahnemann Medical Col- lege of Philadelphia March 4, 18()8, with the degree of M. D. ; served in the Union army, 1862-65 ; married Demmis M. Skin- ner of Wheatland, N. Y., August 27, 1868 ; practiced medicine at Churchville, N. Y., 1868-73 ; has practiced medicine in Roch- ester since 1873 ; has interested himself of late in farming and fruit growing in North Dakota and California 11 G ADAMS, S. GARY ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Federal Stores, N. Y., December 22, 1820; was educated in common schools ; taught school winters and worked as a carpenter summers, 1841-50 ; married Harriet White of Collins, N. Y., October 20, 1842 ; was superintendent of schools of Collins, 1846-52, supervisor, 1852-53, and clerk of the board, 1854-55 ; was mem- ber of assembly in 1857, deputy county clerk of Erie county, 1859-64, and deputy collector of customs, 1865-67 ; moved to Buffalo in 1859, and was admitted to the bar in 1863 ; was employed as confidential agent and legal adviser for the firm of Pratt & Co., 1867-86 ; conducted a general law- practice in Buffalo from 1886 until his death November 17, 1896 189 W ADSIT, MARTIN ; resides in Hornellsville ; was born at Spencertown, Columbia countv, N. Y., December 26, 1812; went to Hornellsville in 1826, and worked in his uncle's store ; became a partner in the business in 1833, and bought out his uncle in 1844 ; married Esther Jane Charles, daughter of Dr. Richard Charles of Angel- ica, N. Y., September 8, 1841 ; helped to organize the First National Bank of Hornellsville in 1863, and has been presi- dent thereof since 1865 49 C SV\OPr/C.4L INPEX— Con thill f,i AI,KXANnp:R, D. S. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Richmond, Mc, July 17, lK4(i ; served three years in the army during the C"ivil War ; was educated at Kdwaril I.iltie Institute, Auburn, Me., and at Howdoin C'ollege, Hrunswick, Me. : edited the I'ort Wayne ( Ind. ) Gazette, 1X71-74; was admitted to the lor at Indian- a|>obs in January, 1><77 ; was fifth auditor of the treasury, ISNl-^") ; was Inited States district attorney, l«X!t-!)."{ ; married Alice Colby of Defiance, ()., Scjitember 14, 1871, and Anne Lucille HIiss of Buf- falo l)e« ember ;iO, l»!l.'{ ; was elected to the ooth congress in November, 1«!H>. . 17 W AM.KN, JAMKS A.; resided in Buffalo; was born at New Ix)ndon, Conn., January lit, IH.'U; was educated in the common .schools of New London, a select school at Sinclairville, N. Y., and at Fredonia ( N. Y. ) Academy ; was admitted to the l)ar in 185(5 ; practiced law in Sini iairville, |8r)(i-(;i : married Jeanie I'aulinc Mack of Buffalo November .'), IMfi'i ; |)racticeril 28, 18.")2; attended the [jublic schools ami l)e draffs Collegiate Institute ; engaged in the drug business, 1870-78 ; was a clerk and cashier in various hotels, 1873-82; married Nellie BIy Card of Rochester April l(i, 1884; has been proprietor and manager of the New (Xsborn, Rochester, since 1882. .'>!•(; ALTMAN, HKNRY; resides in Buffalo; was born at Rochester August 12, 1854 ; moved to Buffalo in 185(i, and attended the public schools there ; graduated from Cornell L'niversiiy in 187:i; married Mrs. Sadie Strauss Rayner of Baltimore, Md., at London, Fng., July 4, 1887; was engaged in the clothing business in Buf- falo, 1873-97 344 W ANI)Ri:WS, CHARLKS ; resides in Syra- cu.se ; was born at New York Mills, N. Y., May 27, 1827; was educated at Oneida Conference Seminary, Ca/enovia. N. Y. ; studied law in Syra< use, and was admitted to the bar in 184!I ; was district attorney of Onondaga lounty, 1854— 5(i ; married Marcia .\. Shankland of Cortland, N. \'., May 17, 1855; was mayor of .Syracuse in 18(i2, 18K3, and 18(!!l ;' was a delegate at large to the state constitutional convention of I8(i7 ; practiced law at Syracuse, 184!l- 7'* : was elected a.ssociate judge of the Court of .\ppeals of New York state in 1870, and chief judge in 18!I2; retired from the bench January 1, I8}t8. . . 3 H ANIJRKWS, JCDSON B. ; resided in Buf- falo ; was born in Connecticut .\pril 25, 18.34 ; graduated from Yale College in 1855, and from Yale Medical School in 18(i:{; served in the L'nion army during the greater \ax\. of the war ; married Agnes I'ampbell, daughter of Samuel Campbell of New N'ork .Mills, .\. Y. ; was connected with the State Lunatic .Asylum at L'tica, N. Y., 18(i7-8() ; was superintendent of the Buffalo Suite Hospital from 1880 until his death August 3, 18!t4 I CI) ANIBAL, NKLSON H.; resides in Glovers- ville ; was born at Benson, N. Y., July 20, 1854; was educated at the (iloversville High School and I-'ort l-^dward Collegiate Institute ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 187!) ; married Mary Cathar- ine Warner of Gloversville June 2(5, 1884 ; has practiced law at Cloversville since 1880 !»7 K ANIBAL, ROBERT P. ; resides in Johns- town ; was born at Benson, N. Y., Febru- ary 22, 1845 ; was educated at Fort Edward Collegiate Institute: taught school, stud- ied, and read law, and was admitted to the bar in February, 1871 ; married Frances E. \'an Arnam of Northville, N. Y., .\pril 24, 1872 ; was county judge of Fulton county, 1872-77; practiced law at North- ville, 1872-8(i ; has practiced law at Johns- town since 1886 4 E AIM'LEYARD, EDWARD; resides in James- town ; was born in the jiarish of Keighley, Yorkshire. England, .\i)ril 15, 1840; was educated in the jarish school and by pri- vate study ; was apprenticed to a firm of worsted spinners in 1855, and began busi- ness for himself in 1865 ; married Isabella Stott of Halifa.x, England, July 15, 1868; has been engaged in worsted and aljaca manufa( ture at Jamestown since 1873. . 177 W ASHLEY, EC(;ENE M. ; resides in Lock- |)ort ; was born at Bethany, (lenesee county, N. Y., June 1, 1850 ; received his education in common schools and Ten- broeck Academy, and from [irivate tutors ; moved to Lock|>ort September 1, 1875, as United States revenue agent : was admitted to the bar in January, 1880 ; married Eli/a W. .\driance of Lock|>ort December 2!l, 1880 ; was elected district attorney of Niagara county in 188(», and again in 188;{; has practiced law in Lock|)ort since 18,s(i, and in Buffalo sin. c 1 ^" I 431 W .V 1 ■XOPT/CAL fXDEX Continued ATKINS, ROBERT F. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at London, Eng., February 24, 1837; was educated at Knox's College, Toronto, and Bryant &: Stratton's Busi- ness College, Buffalo ; married Susan E. Wheeler of Buffalo June 24, 1857 ; served in the Union army, 1861-65; was local editor of the Evening Post, 1866-69, and paymaster of the Anchor line of steamers, 1870-76 ; was Commander of the Patri- archs Militant of the Empire State in 1886 ; has conducted an undertaking establishment in Buffalo since 1877. . 450 W AUSTIN, JAMES R. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Milwaukee, Wis., July 26, 1847 ; was educated in public schools and Milwaukee Military .\cademy ; was clerk in a whole.sale dry -goods house in Milwaukee, 1863-66, with the exception of a year spent in the Union army ; was agent and manager of a life-insurance agency at Bos- ton, 1866-78 ; engaged in mining and in the manufacture of agricultural implements, I87i)-Sl:l : moved to Buffalo in 1889 and began real-estate operations ; has been vice president of the Security Investment Co. of Buffalo since its organization in 1892. 241 W AVER, FREDERICK F. ; resides in New York city ; was born at Lowell, Mass. , September 12, 1851 ; graduated from Har- vard LTniversity in 1873 ; studied at the Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1875 ; since his father's death in 1878 has been occupied with the care of the family estate, and with his duties as director in a number of corporations. . 41 M BABCOCK, JEROME ; resides in James- town ; was born at Busti, N. Y., July 21, 1835 ; spent his early manhood in Penn- sylvania, in the lumber and oil business and in farming ; married Celia O. Smith of Sugar Grove, Penn., January 1, 1863 ; was supervisor from Busti, 1873-75 and 1887-88 ; was elected a member of the assembly in 1885 and in 1895 ; was elected alderman of Jamestown in March, 1895 ; has been in business in Jamestown since 1889 " 113 W BAILEY, E. PRENTISS ; resides in Utica ; was born at Manlius, N. Y., August 15, 1834 ; was educated in the Advanced School and Barrett's Latin Grammar School, Utica ; married Julia S. Wetherby of De Witt, N. Y., September 23, 1857, and Hannah Chapman of LUica June 24, 1868; was school commissioner of Utica, 1868-73, and state civil-.service commis- sioner 1892-94 ; was postmaster of L'tica, 1887-91, and was re-appointed in 1896; has been connected with the Utica Obser- ver, as local and news editor, managing editor, and editor in chief, since 1853 ; received the degree of Doctor of Laws from St. John's College, New York, in lune, 1897 " . 45 E BAKER, JOHN F. ; resides in Batavia ; was born at Roxbury, Delaware county, N. Y., September 14, 1815 ; graduated from Gen- eva Medical College January 21, 1839; practiced medicine in Otselicand Lebanon, N. Y., 1839-48; was school inspector of Roxbury, 1835-37, and postmaster in 1841 ; married Sarah Ann Kimber of Gen- eva, N. Y., January 26, 1839, and Jennie Cowdin of Batavia, N. Y. , December 9, 1886 ; has practiced medicine in Batavia since 1848, and of late has devoted his entire time to the treatment of cancerous diseases 29 G BALDWIN, FRANCIS E.; resides in El- mira ; was born at Otego, N. Y., Aug- ust 10, 1856 ; was educated at Oneonta (N. Y. ) Academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; married Anna E. Grandin of Elmira May 7, 1882 ; was the Prohibition candidate for governor of New York state in 1894, and for chief judge of the Court of Appeals in 1897 ; has practiced law at Elmira since 1881. . 57 C BALL, CHARLES A. ; resides in Wellsville ; was born at Almond, Allegany county, N. Y., December 19, 1850; was educated in Almond Academy and in Dickinson Seminary, Williamsport, Penn. ; married Clara M. Pooler of Wellsville October 1, 1873 ; was index clerk of the senate, 1888- 89, and assistant clerk, 1890-91 and 1894- 96 ; was assistant secretary of the Repub- lican national committee in 1888 and 1892 ; has lived at Wellsville since 1871. 114 W BALTZ, GEORGE ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo September 17, 1857 ; was educated in the public schools ; engaged in the produce commission business, 1878- 91 ; married Ida A. Becherer of Buffalo October 1, 1885 ; was tax collector of the city of Buffalo, 1891-93 ; was elected county treasurer of Erie county in 1893, for the term 1894-97 303 W BANTA, ROLLIN L. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo November 13, 1846 ; was educated in public and private schools in Buffalo, and in Manhattan College, New York city ; graduated from the medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1X71 ; married Sarah M. Aver of BulTalo SYNOPTICAL INPEX— Continutii October 27, \^~h; practiced medicine at Krie, I'cnn., lM7:i-7.s ; his been a profes- sor in the meilicai department of Niagara University since 1X111 ; has practiced medi- cine in Buffalo since 1H78 30.') W UARBKR, AMZI L. ; resides in New York city ; wxs born at Saxtons River, Vt., June 22, 1H4.'J ; graduated from ()i)crbn College in 18()7 ; married C'elia M. Bradley of Geneva, ()., in IHIIH, who died in 1«70; married Julia lx)uise I^ngdon of Belmont, N'. Y., in 1«71 ; was a |)rofessor in How- ard University, Washington, I). C, 1S68- 72 : engaged in the real-estate business in Washington in 1M72 ; began the business of street iKiving in 1H7H, and has been president of the Barlicr As|)halt I'aving Co. since 188:i, and of the Trinidad Asphalt Co. since Ihkk 7.{ M BARNES, ALFRED J. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Troy, N. Y., July 12, 185(5; wiLS educated in the public schools of that city, and received a technical training in the Gurley Mathematical Instrument Works of Troy ; was ein|)loyed in the Manufacturers' National Bank, Troy, 187.S-82, and in the Continental National Bank, Chicago, 188:j-!);{; married Margaret L. B. Boyles of Riverside, Cook county. III., October 22, 18!)4; has been cashier of the Citv Bank, Buffalo, since iX'.i:} ' 144 U BARNES, IvNOS W. ; resided in Wellsville : was born at Rock Stream, N. \'., March 4, 18;}() ; attended Geneva public schools ; went to Bath, N. Y., in l.S.^.'i to learn the printer's trade ; married Sarah Hurd of Bath January 12, 18(14 ; was connected with the Bath Courier, as local editor and half owner, I8.")(i-7.") ; was owner and editor of the Allfi;aii\ CouiitY Reporter, Wellsville, N. Y.', from 187.'), and of the Wellsville Daily Reporter, from 1880, until his death January 8, 1888. . . . 4!» 1) BARNES, WIJ.I.IAM, JR. ; resides in .Albany ; was born at .Mbany November 17, 18(i(); graduated from Harvard Col- lege in 18HX ; married (Jrace Davis of Cincinnati, ()., June 12, 1888; has been a member of the Republican state commit- tee since 18!I2 ; has published and edited the .Mliany Morniii:^ Express, since Decem- ber 2.S, 1888, and the Evenini; Joiirna/, since Aj.ril 2, 188!). ...... 1 7 I-. BARNUM, STEl'HEN O. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Utica, N. Y., January 14, 181(1; was educated in the public schools ; liegan business in I'tica in [wrt- nership with his father in 18:!8: married Elizabeth Chatfield of Utica May 18, 1841 ; has carried on a general notion business in Buffalo since 184.') 144 W BARROWS, SAMUEL J. ; resides in Utica; was born at McDonough, Chenango county, N. Y., August 22, 182() ; was educated in district schools and Norwich ( N. Y. ) Academy ; was admitted to the bar in Jan- uary, 18.")1 ; was city attorney of Utica, lH.5;j_o4, attorney and counselor for the lioard of excise of (Jneida county, 18.")7-70, cor|)oration counsel of Utica, 1871t-84, and mayor of the city, 1889-!)0 ; has prac- ticed law in Utica since 18.52. 4(i E BARTHOLO.MEW, ABRAM ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Collins, N. Y., Feb- ruary 28, 18.'i7 ; attended Gowanda Union School and Springville Academy ; taught .school for a time, and graduated from the State Normal School at .Mbany in 18.')7 ; was admitted to the bar in 1801 ; married Florence Cutler of Holland, N. Y., De- cember 29, 1804 ; engaged in oil oper- ations, 1804-00 ; |)racticed law at Ham- l)urg and Ebenezer, N. Y., 1800-0!» ; has practiced law in Buffalo since I801t. . . 280 W BAR TLEIT, EUGENE M. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Warsaw, N. Y., March li), 18'),5 ; attentlcd Warsaw and (Jene.seo academies and Cornell I'niversity ; was admitted to the bar in January, 18«(); was district attorney of Wyoming county, 1 887- 8SI ; married Grace M. Sheldon of Hor- nellsville, N. Y., January 23, 189.5; has practiced law in W'arsaw since 1880, and in Buffalo since June 1, 1890. . . . 421 W BAR TLEI r, FRANK I.. : resides in Olean : was born at Belfast, .Vllegany county, N. Y., December 2-5, 18.58; entered the banking business in 1879 ; moved to Olean in 1880 ; became cashier of the Exchange National Bank, Olean, in 188,5; married Fannie K. England of Tidioute, I'enn., July 1.5, l88(i; has been president of the l-^xchangc National Bank, Olean, since Jan- uary 1, 189.5 .115 W BARTLETT, FREDERIC W. : resided in Buffalo; was born at Kingston, Ma.ss., January 8, 182(5 ; was educated at Bridge- water ( Mass. ) Normal S( hool ; was princi- l)al of l«ifayelte .Academy, Georgia, 1845- 40 ; engaged in journalism in (Icorgia ami Ma.ssachusetts, 1840-50; graduated from the New York .Medical College in 1854 ; married .Adelia Hunter, daughter of Dr. James Hunter of Whitby, Ont., December 28, 1854 ; practiced meinted in July, 1897 Vl'l W BELDINC, MILO MERRICK.; resides in New N'ork city : was born at Ash field, Mxss. , April .'{, 1h;?;{; was educated at Shelburne Kails ( Mass. ) Academy ; began business as an itinerant silk merchant in 1S50; married Emily C. Leonard of Ash- field April 1, lM5(i ; began the manufacture of silk in IXIKJ, and is now head of the cor- |)oration of Beliling Brothers &: Co. ; is president of the Livonia Salt & Mining Co., the St. I-awrence .Marble Co., and the .American Cnion Life Insurance Co., and vice president of ihi- Cnmnidinvealth Fire Insurance Co. ... 42 M BENEDICT, HENRV II. ; resides in Brook- lyn : was born at Cerman Flats, Herkimer county, N. V., October !), 1H44; gradu- ated from Hamilton College in 18(51) ; mar- ried Maria Nellis of Fort Plain, N. Y., October 10, 1«67 ; entered the employ of v.. Remington & Sons in 1M(;9 ; has been a member of the firm of Wyckoff, Seamans tV Benedict since 1HK2, and its i)rcsident since 1M!».'). (;:] M BENNETT, EDWARD ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo February 21, 1H27; received an academic education ; was a clerk in a dry-gooils store, 1M41-48 ; engaged in mining and other enter|(rises in California, IH4X-4!», and in the real- estate business in Buffalo, lHoO-97 ; mar- ried Mary Josephine Osier-Auchinleck October l!l, 1885 ; was an alderman from the 5th ward, Buffalo, 1854— 57, and a park commissioner, 1872-88 ; has been presi- dent of the Buffalo Savings Bank since October, I8!t.{ 453 W BENNETT, LEWIS J. ; resides in Buffalo : was l>orn at Duanesburg, N. Y., July 7, 18;}3 ; was educated in the public schools ; conducted a general store in Fultonville, N. Y., I851-(it> ; married Mary Francelia Sjalding of Johnstown, N, Y., ( )( tolicr (1, 1857 ; moved to Buffalo in 18(;ti, and engagetl in the business of a contractor ; organized the Buffalo Cement Co. in 1877, and his been president thereof ever since. 145 W BERCHOLTZ, HERMAN ; resides in Itha- ca ; was born at \'ernamo, Sweden, June 19, 18(i4 ; was educated in Swedish schools, and Lund University, Sweden ; came to the United States in 1883 ; worked for different electrical companies, 1883-93 ; married Adalina O. Thom.son of Philadel- phia October 15, 189((; has maile his home in Ithaca since 1893, engaged in a variety of busine.ss enterprises. -I C BERRICK, CHARLES: resides in Buffalo : was born at Coleshill, Warwickshire, F-ng- land, December 11, 1820; was educated in the common schools of lingland, and learned the mason's trade ; engaged in the same in luigland until 185((, when became to this country ; married Margaret Callan of Buffalo December 24, 1852 ; carried on the business of a contractor in Buffalo, l,H.-)2-!t4. -'.^^l \\ BEST, ROBERT ll.\MII,TON; resided in Buffalo ; was born at .Melrose, Penn., April 28, 18(1!) ; married .\nn Elizabeth Kort- right Mc(;owan of New York city Novem- ber l)j, 1835 ; was chief of ])olice of Buf- falo, 1858-H(), and sherilT of F>ie county, 18(J2-64 ; was in the detective ser\ice of the American ICxpre.ss Co. at Buffalo from 1851) until his death May 1, 1891. . 411 D BICKFORD, R. TI. ; resides in BufTalo : was born at Rochester, N. H., Febniary 8, 1830; was educated in common schools; married l^mma J. Tracy of Mercer, .Maine, July 18, 1853 ; learned the trade of a belt and ho.se maker, and worked at the same in Lowell, 184!l-(i7 ; has carried on the manufacture of leather belting and fire hose in Buffalo since 18(57 440 W BINCHAM, CF:oR(;E; resides in I^ncas- ter ; was born at I-ancaster December 21, 1848; was educated in public and |)rivate .schools ; worketl as a civil engi- neer, l8(>(i-75; married Carrie Lee of l^ncaster September 4, 1874 ; engaged in the hide and leather busine.ss in Buffalo, 187(5-8(5, and in electrical business, 1888- 91 ; was member of as.seml)ly in 1881, L'nited States ai)praiser, 1891-94, |)resi- denf of the village of lancaster in 1895, and chairman of the F>ie-county Republi- can committee, 18il5-9(S ; was(ounty clerk of Erie countv, l89.")-!t7 411 W SYNOPTICAL INDEX— ConHinied BIRGE, M. H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Underbill, Vt., July 30, 1806; was educated in district schools and the village academy ; was clerk in a general store at Middlebury, Vt., 1.S26-29, and carried on a similar store on his own account, 1829-34; married Elizabeth Ann K^ingsley of Sheldon, Vt., (October 21, 1836 ; opened a general store in Buffalo in 1834 ; established the manufacture of wall paper in 1879, and remained at the head of the firm until his retirement in 1892 243 W BISHOP, CHARLES F. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Williamsville, N. Y., October 14, 1844 ; moved to Buffalo in his boy- hood ; attended the public schools until he was thirteen years old ; married Kate Moran of Buffalo August 6,1865 ; was elec- ted mayor of Buffalo in 1889, and re- elected in 1891, serving five years alto- gether ; has conducted a wholesale business in tea, coffee, and spices since 1869. . 19 W BISSELL, HERBERT P. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at New London, N. Y., August 30, 1856 ; was educated at public schools, De Veaux College, and the Cym- nasium Catharinareum, Braunschweig, Ger- many, and graduated from Harvard College in 1880; studied law in Buffalo, and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; married Lucy Agnes Coffey of Brooklyn October 30, 1883 ; received the Democratic nomina- tion for state senator in 1885, and for dis- trict attorney in 1892 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1885 304 \V BISSELL, WILSON S. ; resides in Buffalo ; wa,s born at New London, N. Y. , Decem- ber 31, 1847 ; graduated from Yale Col- lege in 1869 ; married Louise Sturges of Geneva, N. Y., February 6, 1890; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1871 ; was presidential elector at large on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1888 ; was postmaster- general, 1893-95 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1871 20 W BLASDELL, HEMAN M. ; resides in North Collins ; was born at Perrysburg, Cattar- augus county, N. Y., January 28, 1840; took part in the Civil War, 1861-62 ; married Lu.sannah Sherman of North Collins June 8, 1864 ; was telegraph oper- ator and station agent at Smith's Mills, N. Y., 1863-72; conducted a general store at North Collins, 1872-77 ; was super- visor of North Collins, 1878-80 ; founded the town of Blasdell, Erie county, N. Y., in 1883, and engaged in business there. 1883-87 ; was elected member of a.ssembly in November, 1895, from the 8th Erie- county district, and was re-elected in 1896 ; has lived in North Collins since 1887. . 289 W BLEISTEIN, GEORGE ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo December 6, 1861 ; graduated from the public schools, after spending two years at a German school ; entered the service of the Courier Com- pany, in Buffalo, in 1876, becoming sup- erintendent of the company in 1881 and president in 1884 ; married Mrs. Elizabeth Wells McCune of Buffalo April 28, 18.SB ; was chosen president of the Home-Rule Democracy of Erie county in 1S93. . 21 \\' BLISS, CORNELIUS N. ; resides in New York city ; was born at Fall River, Ma.ss., January 26, 1833 ; attended public schools at Fall River and New Orleans, La. ; was connected with James M. Beebe & Co., Boston, 1849-66 ; married Elizabeth M. Plumer of Boston March 30, 1859; became a member of the firm of John S. & Eben Wright & Co., Boston, in 1866, and resident partner in New York city, and has been engaged in the dry -goods commission business in New York city ever since ; was chairman of the New York state Republican committee, 1887-88, and treasurer of the Republican national committee in 1892 and in 1896 ; was appointed secretary of the interior in 1897 17 M BLOCHER, JOHN ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Scipio, N. Y., July 22, 1825 ; was educated in district schools ; conducted a general store at Williamsville, N. Y., 1851- 61 ; married Elizabeth Neff of Williams- ville April 20, 1846 ; enlisted in the LInion army in 1861, and served one year ; established a boot and shoe factory in Buf- falo in 1863, and has been connected with that industry since 147 W BOLAND, JAMES ; resided in Buffalo ; was born in County Clare, Ireland, January 6, 1850 ; came to the United States with his parents in 1856, and settled in Buffalo ; was educated in the public schools ; learned the bricklayer's trade in the service of Charles Berrick, 1866-75 ; married Mary A. Handley of Buffalo October 17, 1881 ; conducted a building business in Buffalo from 1875 until his death April (i, 1893. 33 D BOOKSTAVER, WILLIAM ; resides in Dun- kirk ; was born at Montgomery, Orange county, N. Y., December 28, 1833 ; was ed- ucated in Montgomery .Academy ; studied law in Dunkirk and was ailmittcd to the 10 .V ) SOI'TICAI. IXPEX — Conlinufd lar in IHoH ; married Mary A. Leonard of Augusta, Mc, July IS, 1«(>1 ; wa.s super- visor for the town of Dunkirk, 1H7')-!M(, with the ex1 W BRADLKY, C.KORGF: B. ; resides in Corn- ing ; was born at Creene, Chenango coim- ty, N. Y., February o, 1H2.') ; was educated in common schools and Ithaca (N. Y. ) Academy ; was admitted to the bar in 1K4H ; married Hannah K. lattimer of Woodhull, N. Y., July 11, IHr.O; moved to Corning in 1X52 ; was nominated for congress in 1M.")«, and for jutlge of the Court of Ap])eals in 1S7>< : was elected slate senator in 1X78 and in 1H7"); was elected justice of the Supreme Court in 188.3 ; was judge of the set.ond division of the Court of A|>i)eals, 1««!MI2. 17 C BRFNDKL, IIKNRY W. : resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo December 10, 1H")7 ; was educated in the Buffalo public schools; began the study of law in 1^7 ">, and was admittear in January, |S7'.I : was nominated for the state assem- bly in iSMi, ISH7, anil iHK't; wasappointed ( olle< tor of the port of Buffalo (.'reek Nov- ember 4, 1H!I7 : ha> pra< tii cd law in Buf- falo since D<7!> -'■-' ^\ BRICC.S, AI.BKRr H. : resides in Buffalo: was born in the town of I^ncaster, N. V., September !l, 1H42: was educated in vari- ous schools and academies, and graduated from the medical dejiartment of the I'ni- versity of Buffalo in 1H71 : married Sarah America Baker of Andover, N. Y., June 7, ISC'! ; was health physician of the city of Buffalo, 1K«0-.S1 and 1X84-87; has prac- ticed medicine in Buffalo since 1871. 1!>2 \\ BRICCS, C.KORCF: \V. ; resides in Orchard I'ark : was born at Collins, N. Y., October 10, 1H.")0; was educated in common and select schools ; married Orcelia \. Bike of West Concord, N. \ ., December 2!l, 1X7."> ; taught school, lH(i«-80 ; was justice of the peace, 1 HM.8->i!( ; has been a member of the Krie-county board of supervisors since 1 88!l ; has conducted a general store at Orchard I'ark since 1888 482 W BROADHKAD, WILLIAM; resides in Jamestown ; was born at Thornton, York- shire, Kngland, I-'ebruary 17, 181!l ; emi- grated to the United States in January, 1X48; married Lucy Cobb of Jamestown Octolier 2!l, lx4.'i ; was a manufacturer of edge tools in Jamestown, 1847-<>1 ; con- ducted a merchant-tailoring establishment in Jamestown, I8(i4-7X ; built, with others, the Jamestown Worsted Mills in 1878 ; built worsted mills himself in Jamestown in 1K7(!, and has conducted the same since. 1 Id W BRtJOKS, HARRY .SAYLR ; resides in Klmira ; was born at Waverly, N. Y., .\ugust 2, 18.52 ; was educated at Wav- erly High School and FMmira F'ree .\cad- emv ; settled in Klmira in lX(i(), and learned the printer's trade ; married .Mice \. Fisher of I^ke Ridge, N. Y., Sep- tember it, 187!) ; estalilished the Ivlmira TeUi^ram in May, 1871t, and has been itsowner and general manager ever si nee. 8.") C BROWNKLL, (;f:oRC.K F. ; resides in New \'ork city; was born at Des .Moines, lo., June .">, 181)1 ; was educated in New York state public schools, and in the I'niversity of Michigan. .Vnn .\rbor ; graduated from SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continued 11 the Albany Law School in 1882, and from the University of Michigan Law School in 1883 ; was appointed general solicitor of the Erie railroad in May, 1897 ; married Anne Kniseley Abbott of Buffalo Jime 7, 1897 ; has been connected with the firm of Sprague, Morey & Sprague of Buffalo and their successors since 1883. . . . 41 1 \\' BRUNDAGE, FRANK ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Allen, Allegany county, N. Y., January 4, 1847 ; completed his education at Friendship (N. Y. ) Academy; was admitted to the bar at Albany in De- cember, 1868 ; practiced law at Angelica, N. Y., 1869-72 ; married Ella S. Brown of Angelica February 15, 1871 ; moved to Lockport, N. Y., in October, 1872, and resided there until 1883 ; was district attor- ney of Niagara county, 1875-77, and county judge, 1879-83 ; moved to Buffalo in February, 1883, and has practiced law there since 353 W BRUNN, CHARLES A. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo January 28, 1858 ; was educated in public schools ; was telegraph operator for the Western Union company at Buffalo, 1870-72, and for the Buffalo & Jamestown railroad, 1872-77 ; was assistant superintendent of the Buffalo & Southwestern railroad, 1877- 80 ; has been in the employ of the Erie railroad as division superintendent since 1880, with headquarters at Buffalo during most of that time 423 W BRUSH, HARLAN W. ; resides in North Tonavvanda ; was born at Nelson, O., May 27, 1865 ; was educated at common schools and Mt. Union (O.) College; learned the printer's trade at Alliance, O., 1880- 85 ; married Annetta Hamilton of Emlen- ton, Penn., May 16, 1888 ; conducted a job-printing office in Alliance, 1885-87, and published a newspaper there, 1887- 94 ; was ap])ointed United States consul at Clifton, Ont., in 1897 ; has been pro- prietor and editor of the North Tonawanda Z'(7/7r ^\'i'Zi:'j- since December, 1894. . . 453 W BRYANT, JOHN C. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Ebley, Gloucestershire, Eng- land, December 21, 1821 ; attended the Norwalk (O.) Academy two years, and studied medicine three years, graduating from the Cleveland Medical College in 1846 ; married Hannah M. Clark of Wake- man, O., May 21, 1851 ; practiced his profession at Amherst, O., 1847-56 ; went to Huffalo in 1.H56, and formed a partner- ship with H. B. Bryant and H. D. Stratton for the conduct of business colleges ; has been president of the Bryant & Stratton Buffalo Business College since 18()0. . 2;! W BUCHANAN, CHARLES J. ; resides in Albany ; was born at New Berlin, Che- nango county, N. Y., December 27, 1843 ; was educated at New Berlin Academy ; served in the LTnion army, 1861-65 ; attended the United States Military Acad- emy at West Point, N. Y., 1868-70; was admitted to the bar in 1874 ; married Caroline Van Valkenhurgh of Albany Octo- ber 27, 1875 ; has practiced law in Albany .since 1875 48 E BULGER, CHARLES N. ; resides in Os- wego ; was born at Volney, Oswego county, N. Y., August 19, 1851 ; gradu- ated from St. John's College, Fordham, New York, in 1875 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1879 ; was city attorney of Oswego in 1882; married Caroline A. Dunn of Oswego June 5, 1883 ; has been recorder of the city of Oswego since January 1, 1883 ; has prac- ticed law in Oswego since 1879. ... 6 E BUNTING, THOMAS L. ; resides in Ham- burg ; was born in the town of Eden, N. Y., April 24, 1844; received his edu- cation at a district school and the Spring- ville Academy ; taught school in 1861-62 ; married Bettie Maria Newton of East Ham- burg September 8, 1869 ; established a general mercantile business in Hamburg in 1868 ; became manager of the Ham- burg Canning Co. in 1889 ; was a mem- ber of the 52d congress (1891-93). . . 93 W BURKE, H. V. ; resides in Amsterdam ; was born at Amsterdam March 18, 1870 ; was educated in public and parochial schools ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1891 ; was chairman of the Montgomery-county Democratic commit- tee and a delegate to the Democratic state convention in 1894 ; has practiced law in Amsterdam since 1891 13 E BURKE, THOMAS M. A. ; resides in Al- bany ; was born in Ireland in 1840 ; grad- uated from St. Charles College, Ellicott City, Md., and from St. Mary's Seminarv, Baltimore ; was assistant at St. John's Church, Albany, 1864-65, and at St. Joseph's Church, Albany, 1865-94 ; was vicar-general of the Roman Catholic diocese of Albany, 1887-94, and has l)een bishop of the same diocese since 1cr 21, l«'i'_': atttMulctl the public schools ; was in the scrviic of the t'on- necticiit River railroad, lH4.!-.'>2: married Mary I'.li/aheth Cook of Northampton, Mass., Sejitemlier 11, IMilO ; was connec- ted with the Walwsh road, with hea(li|iiar- ters at Toledo, 1 Hr).">-().") and lH(i!)- "."J ; was superintendent of the western division of the .New \'ork Central road, with head quarters at Buffalo. IHT-'f-lt:! ; died at Buf- falo March !t, IHiXi ITU BIRWKI.I., CKORtlK N. ; resided in Buf- falo ; was born in Herkimer county, New York. May 1!», inltl; moved to Buffalo in 1.S24, and was educated in jirivale SI hools there ; studied medicine in Phila- delphia, and received his degree in 1H4."! : practiced his profession in Bulfalo from 1K44 imtil his death May 15, l«!»l, with the exception of four years spent in study in Kuro|)c 57 D C.M.I.K"* )'r, 'I". C ; resides in .Mbany ; was born in l-'airfax county, \'a., July VI, l.S"i(i ; was educated at the I'ierrepont School, Alexandria, Va., (Iraham .\cademy, New London, Fenn., and Delaware College, Newark, Del. ; was admitted to the bar at New York city in 1M47 ; was connected with the New York Commercial Ailverliser, 1M.52-")H ; was member of assembly in l«t;()aml lH(i:5, and speaker of that liody in 1H(;;{ ; married Kitzina H. Lyman of New York city in June, 1K4(>, anil Freder- icka H. I,. Weibezahl of New York May 17, 1>S71 ; was editor and chief owner of the Albany Times, l)S7-'5-!)l, and editor of the Times-Union, lH!)l-9(i ; has been editor in chief of the .Albany Argus, since June, iX'.Ki '."... 1« K CAMl'BKI.L, JAMi:S A.; resides in Buf- falo ; wxs born at Niagara Falls, Ont., July '24, 1M.">2: was educated in Buffalo ])ublic schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College : was a clerk in insurance offices, l«()M-7<51 ; was educated at (iuelph High School, Berlin Academy, and by a private tutor; was in the employ of (L Doelt/. iV Bro., Detroit, Mich., l«t!S»-75, and of Barnes iV Bancroft, Buffalo, 1X75- (S(( ; has coiulucted a dry -goods business at Rochester since l«H(l .Jl C. CARY, CHARLFS S. ; resides in Olean; was born at Hornellsville, N. Y., Novem- ber 25, 1X27 ; graduated from .Alfred ( N. Y. ) Academy in 1H47, and from the National I^w School, Ballston S|>a, N. V., in 1X5(1; married Sarah A. Mitchell in 1X51); was ajJiiointed commissioner of the board of enrollment by President Lincoln in IXfJ.'J ; was collector of internal revenue, lX()5-ti(! ; was a member of the state assembly in 1XX8 ; was appointed commis- sioner of Pacific railroads in 1886, and solicitor of the L'nited States treasury in 18X7 ; has jiracticed law in Olean since 1850 !I4 W I'.ARY, FUCFNF ; resides in Niagara Falls ; was born at Dunkirk, N. Y., November 21, 1X57 ; graduated from Cornell l"ni- versity in 1X7X; was engaged in teaching and as superintendent of schools, and in reading law, 1X79-84 ; was admitted to the bar in June, 1884; married Mary M. Waud of Buffalo July 5, 1882 ; practi< ed law at Forestville, N. Y., 1XX4-X5; was an alternate delegate to the Republican national convention of IXIMJ ; has jiractii ed law at Niagara Falls since 1885. . 4:{:! W C.ASF, J.ASON D. ; resides in Franklin- ville ; was born at Lyndon, N. \., Octo- ber ;^, 1847; was educated in the district schools and in Rushford ( N. Y. ) Academy ; began business in 18(J3 as assistant to his father, an extensive produce dealer ; accep- ted a position as superintendent of an oil company in Pennsylvania, in IXt!!) ; became manager of a jirivate bank in Franklinville in 1X73 ; married Helen C. Morgan of Cuba, N. Y., January 27, 1x73; has been cashier and manager of the First National Bank of I'ranklinville since 1X77, and president of the Citizens' Bank of Arcade. N. N'.. since IXX:! 117 W SVNOPT/CAL IXDE.X— Coufinnrd 13 CASSIDY, DAVID D.; resides in Amster- dam ; was born in the town of Florida, Montgomery county, N. Y., April 6, 1827 ; was educated at Poughkeepsie Collegiate School ; was clerk in a dry-goods store at Amsterdam, 1844-49 ; married Mrs. Cath- arine M. Efner of Rochester, N. Y., April 17, 1866 ; began his connection with the Farmers' National Bank of Amsterdam in 1.S49, and was its cashier, 1859-89 ; since 1889 has occupied himself with various business interests in Amsterdam. ... 7 E CHALMERS, JAMES ; resides in Williams- ville ; was born at Gorgie Mills, near Edinburgh, Scotland, October 15, 1844 ; was educated at Cillespie's Free School, Edinburgh : married Helen Wilson of Peebles, Scotland, August 23, 186G ; came to America in 1872 ; established the Chal- mers gelatine factory at Williamsville in 1873, and has conducted the same since. 292 W CHESTER, ALDEN; resides in Albany; was born at Westford, N. Y., September 4, 1848 ; graduated from Columbia College Law School in 1871, and was admitted to the bar the same year ; married Lina Thur- ber of East Worcester, N. Y., October 5, 1871 ; was deputy clerk of the New York state assembly in 1874 and in 1876, mem- ber of the board of public instruction of Albany, 1881-84, and assistant United States attorney, 1882-85 ; practiced law in Albany, 1871-95 ; was elected justice of the Supreme Court in November, 1895. 20 E CHESTER, CARL T. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Norwich, Conn., August 1, 1853 ; graduated from Yale College in 1875, and from Columbia College Law School in 1877 ; was managing clerk in the office of Bowen, Rogers & Locke of Buffalo, 1877-81 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1882 454 W CHILDS, HENRY A. : resides in Medina : was born at Carlton, Orleans county, N. Y., July 17, 1836; was educated in the common schools of Orleans county, and at Albion and Macedon ( N. Y. ) acad- emies ; married Julia B. Freeman Novem- ber 16, 1859; was admitted to the bar in 1869, and began the practice of law in Medina the same year ; was district attor- ney of Orleans county, 1868-77 ; received the degree of LL. D. from Williams Col- lege in October, 1893 ; was elected jus- tice of the Supreme Court in November, 1X83, and re-elected in 1897, when he received the nomination from both Re- publicans and Democrats 17 O CHOATE, JOSEPH H. ; re.sides in New York city ; was born at Salem, Mass., Janu- ary 24, 1832 ; graduated from Harvard College in 1852, and from the Harvard Law School in 1854 ; was admitted to the bar in 1856 ; married Caroline O. Sterling in 1861 ; was ]:)resident of the New York state constitutional convention in 1894; has practiced law in New York city since 1856 44 M CLARK, EDWARD; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo October 28, 1852 ; wa.s educated in the public schools ; grad- uated from the medical department of the LTniversity of Buffalo in 1880 ; married Nellie M. Daniels of Buffalo May 1, 1884 ; was health physician of the city of Buffalo, 1888-90 ; has practiced medicine there since 1880 193 W CLARK, JOSEPHUS H. ; resides in James- town ; was born at Petersham, Mass., December 1, 1819 ; was educated in the public schools ; moved to western New- York in 1830; married Jane E. Marsh of Panama, N. Y., July 13, 1851 ; was trus- tee of Jamestown, 1859-69, and member of the board of education, 1870-91 : has conducted a foundry in Jamestown since 1841 118 W CLARK, MYRON H. ; resides in Lancas- ter ; was born at what is now Elma, N. Y., June 20, 1853 ; was educated at Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, N. Y., and Bryant & Stratton's Business College, Buffalo ; married Mary Eliza Bancroft of Elma May 24, 1876 ; was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; was clerk of the board of supervisors of Erie county in 1881, super- visor of the town of Elma, 1886-87, chair- man of the Erie-county board of super- visors in 1887, and member of assembly in 1892 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1883 194 W CLEARWATER, A. T. ; resides in Kings- ton ; was born at West Point, N. Y., Sep- tember 11, 1.S48 : was educated in New- York city and at Kingston .Academy ; studied law, and w-as admitted to the bar in 1871 ; married Anna Houghtaling Far- rand, formerly of San Francisco, Cal., September 29, 1875 ; w-as district attorney of LTlster county, 1878-86 i has been county judge of Ulster countv since Jan- uary 1, 1890 '...". 66 E CLEMENT, STEPHEN M. ; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at Manlius, N. Y., Febru- ary 26, 1825 : was educated in district schools : conducted a general store in N .S- VXOPr/l A I. IM^EX — Continual Kretlonia, N. Y., lH5((-5r» ; organized the I'rctionia Itink in ix.'ili, and was president (jf the ;^nine, l.H(J7-Xl ; married Sarah K. Leonard of De Witt, N. V., November :?, 1M.")1 ; liecame ea-shier and mana(,'er of the Marine Ikink, l!iinalo, in 1)^(>!I, and jiresi- dent in l«Hl ; died Sci)teml)er 2!», 1X!»2. Is I) CI.KWS, HKNRY; resides in New York city ; was horn at Hilderstone, StafTord- shire, Knj;. ; was educated in ICngland ; olitiiined a clerkship in a New York im- porting house in IXoS; married I.ucy Madison Worthington of Kentucky Feb- ruary 4, 1X74; has carried on a Ixinking business in New York city since lxr)8, estabbshing the firm of Henry Clews & C'o. in 1K77 4.") M CLINTON, (;K()R(;E; resides in Huffalo ; was born at Itiifialo September 7, 1X4(5; graduated from the Buffalo Central High School in lXt(."(, and from Columliia Col- lege l^w School in IKIiM ; practiced law in New York city, iXdX-d'.l, and in Hud- son, Wis., lK(il)-74; married Alice Thorn- ton of Buffalo January 17, lH7'i ; was a member of the New York state legislature in 1KH4 ; has ]»racticed law in Buffalo since 1»74 41'2W CLINTON, SPENCER; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo June 2!t, 1839 ; was educated in public and jirivate schools ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in lX(i(l ; was assistant L'nited States district attorney, 18(J(>-(iH ; has ])ra( ticed law in Buffalo since 1868. 244 W CLOSE, EMORY P.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo December LS, ixrjit; was educated in the jiublic schools ; was assistant librarian of the Young Men's Asso- ciation Library of Buffalo, 1H74— 77 ; was Supreme Court stenographer for the 8th judicial district, 1880-88, and official stenographer of the New York state assem- bly, 18M4-87 ; married I^tta S. Cobb of Buffalo January 7, 18X5 ; was admitted to the bar in 18H(;, and has |>racticed law in Buffalo since 18XH ; was appointed Cnited States district attorney for northern New York in September, 1897 l!»ii W COATSWORTH, EDWARD IC. : resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo November 5, l«(i)i ; was educated in the puljlic schools, graduating from the high .school ; was admitted to the lar January (>, 1888 ; mar- ried limma Marion Blocking of Buffalo Jime '2">, IXJM ; has practiced law in Buf- falo since 1««N r.l7 W COBB, WII.I.ARI) A.; resides in Lock- |)ort ; was born at Rome, N. Y., July 2(1, 1X42 ; graduated from Hamilton College in 1M(;4 ; was a regent of the University of the State of New \'ork, lX8()-!t.') ; was ap|K)inted a .state civil -ser\'ice commis- sioner in 1895, and elected president of the board ; has edited the Lockiwrt Daily /tmrnii/ since 1871 !••'» \\ COLE, IRVINC; W. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Covert, N. Y., September 21, 18.'j!l ; attended public .schools and Cook's .Academy, Havana, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in 1H«;J ; practiced law in Wat- kins, N. Y., 18x;{-!t."i ; was chairman of the Schuyler-county Republican committee, 1X92-9:5; married Mrs. Nelle E. Ingham of Elmira, N. Y., June 27, 189.'?; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1893. . . 34") W COMP'TON, W. R. ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Sullivanville, Chemung county, N. Y., April X, 18(50 ; was educated in the district school and Spencer (N. Y. ) Acad- emy ; married Alice Forshee of Watkins, N. Y., June 8, 1881 ; engaged in the manufacture of cigars at Sullivanville in 1X81 ; was appointed chief examiner in the ))Ost-office dejiartment at Washington in 1889 ; has conducted a real-estate busi- ness in Elmira since 1891. . . !>;( CONGDON, JOSEPH M. ; resides in (lowanda ; was born at Napoli, Cattaraugus county, N. Y., January 12, 1X4(5 ; attended district schools and Randolph .\cademy ; was admitted to the bar in 1X70 ; married Alice M. Jenkins of East Randolph, N. Y., May 24, 1871 ; practiced law at ICast Randolph and at Fredonia, 1x71-7") ; was member of assembly from Cattaraugus county, 1880-81 ; was elected district attorney of Cattaraugus coimty in Novem- ber, 1895; lived in Buffalo, l'882-84, but has otherwise practiced law at Cowanda since Sei^tember, 1875 29.'! \\' CONKLIN, MELVIN M.; resides in El- mira; was born at Owasco, N. Y.. Octo- ber 15, 1X44; was educated in common schools; served in the I'nion army, lX(i2- (55 ; married Nettie J. Hutchins of Elmira February 24, 18(59 ; was api)ointed |)OSt- master of Elmira in May, 1897 ; has con- ducted a wholesale and retail grocery store and bakery in F^lmira since 1878. 5 C CONNERS, WILLIAM J. ; resides in Buf falo ; was born at Buffalo January 3, 1857 ; attended jiublic schools, but began work as S YNOPTICA I. INDEX Coi/hiurif 15 a porter on lake steamers at the age of thir- teen ; has carried on a freight-transfer busi- ness at Buffalo and other lake ports since 1885 ; married Catherine Mahany of Buf- falo in November, 1881, and Mary A. Jor- dan of West Seneca, N. Y., August 2, 1893 ; became president of the Enquirer Co., aud of the Magnus Beck Brewing Co., Bufl'alo, in 18U5, and owner of the Conn'er- ^ff^/v/in May, 1897 283 W COOK, EDWARD L. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo March 29, 1839 ; was educated in the public schools ; was book- keeper for a firm of plumbers, 1859—62 ; served in the Union army, 18li2-65 ; mar- ried Mary E. Moffett of Portageville, N. Y., June Ifi, 1869 ; became a member of the firm of T. W. Toye & Co., plumbers, in 1870, and has conducted a similar busi- ness under his own name since 1878. . 198 W CORBETT, CHARLES H. ; resides in Sherman ; was born at Mina, N. Y., Octo- ber 5, 1845 ; was educated in district schools and Eastman Business College, Poughkeepsie, N. Y. ; was clerk in a dry- goods store at Sherman, 1866-71 ; married Narcissa Dutton of Sherman May 13, 1869 ; was elected member of assembly in 1882 ; has conducted a dry -goods and general-merchandise business at Sherman since 1871 17.S W COREY, FRED D. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Black River, Jefferson county, N. Y., May 27, 1863 ; graduated from the Watertown (N. Y.) High School in 1884; taught school, 1884-90 ; married Ella L. Phelps of Sackett's Harbor, N. Y., August 17, 1887 ; was admitted to the bar in 1892 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1892 390 W CORNELL, S. DOUGLAS ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Glenville, Conn., De- cember 2, 1839 ; graduated from Hobart College in 1860 ; married Lydia Hadfield of Buffalo January 29, 1862 ; spent about three years in Colorado, 1862-64, as agent for the examination of gold mines ; took part in his father's lead business for two years after graduation, returned thereto in 1864, and remained in the business until 1888 ; served on the staff of brigadier gen- eral, afterwards major general, William F. Rogers, in command of 4th division, N. G. , S. N. Y., for fifteen years, becoming assistant adjutant general and chief of staff, with rank of colonel ; is a member of the ISuffalo, Saturn, University, and Country clubs of Buflalo, and the 'i'heta Delta Chi, United Service, and Reform clubs of New York city 25 W CORNWELL, WILLIAM C. ; resides in East Aurora; was born at Lyons, N. Y., August 19, 1851 ; attended the ])ublic schools of Buffalo ; married Marian W. Loomis of Buffalo October 9, 1873 ; was cashier of the Bank of Buffalo, 1877-92 ; organized the City Bank of Buffalo in 1892, and has been president thereof since ; was made the first president of the New York State Bankers' Association in 1894 ; was a member of the executive committee of the American Bankers' Association, 1894-96 ; was president of the Buffalo Society of Artists, 1894-96 ; has been fund commissioner of the Buffalo Fine Arts Academy since 1880 26 W COTHRAN, GEORGE W. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Royalton, Niagara county, N. Y. , February 25, 1834; was admitted to the bar in 1857 ; served in the Union army, 1861-63 ; married Jennie \\' . Mann of Buffalo May 26, 1863 ; was county judge of Erie county in 1877 ; edited, annotated, and wrote several valuable books, 1875-89 ; has practiced law in Buf- falo since 1863, with the exception of sev- eral years' practice in Chicago, 1879-85. 199 W COUCH, ASA STONE; resides in Fre- donia ; was born at Westfield, N. Y., Oc- tober 22, 1833 ; was educated at Westfield Academy and Chamberlain Institute ; grad- uated in medicine from the Homeopathic Medical College, Philadelphia, in 1X55 ; married Martha L. Sherman of Westfield April 2, 1857, and Mrs. Ellen S. Barrett of Dunkirk, N. Y., February 6, 1878; was appointed a member of the state board of homeopathic medical examiners in 1891 ; has practiced medicine in Fredonia since 1856 119 W COUDERT, FREDERIC R. ; resides in New York city ; was born at New York city March 1, 1832; graduated from Col- umbia College in 1850 ; was admitted to the bar in 1853 ; married Miss McCredy of New York city February 19, 1862 ; has been a member of the law firm of Coudert Brothers since its formation about 1853. 64 M COXE, ARTHUR CLEVELAND; resided in Buffalo; was born at Mendham, N. J., May 10, 1818; graduated from the Uni- versity of the City of New York in 1838, and from the General Theological Semi- nary, New York city, in 1841 ; had pastor- ates at Morrisania, N. Y., Hartford, Conn., 16 SVXOPT/CAI. /XDE.y— Conliniifd Kiltimore, McL.and New York city, 1H41- . N. N'.. jiilv I'd, 1896. Vi I) CRANDAI.I., A/.oK 1!.; resided in liiif- faio ; was born at Sloansville, N. \'., July •l.\, lH2!t; lived in New York rity, 1H47- 7!l, engajjei! chiefly in the hotel business; married Marguerite Ida (lilmore of New York city May (i, 1«5« ; was for many years the larj^est horse dealer in Ir^st Buf- falo, estaiilishing the firm of Crandall iV Co. ; conducted a hotel at l-Iast Hulfalo from 1S7!I until his death April 2, 1«!)'). :!4 D CRANt;i,K, ROLAND; resides in Buflaio ; was born at Hallyiiuintin, County Down, Ireland, .\ugust 17, 1S()4 ; was educated in the .National Schools of Ireland ; came to the United States in IHXd, and worketi as a laborer and clerk at Buffalo, 1HH(»-.S,S ; stuilied law, and was admitted to the bar in June, 1HH2 ; has practiced law in Buf- falo since January, 1894 .'{91 W CRONIN, l'.\ TRICK : resides in Buffalo; wa.s born at I'allaskenry, Limerick county, Ireland, March 1, 1835; came to the I'nited States in 1H49 ; was educated at the St. Louis University and at St. Yin- cent's College, Cape Cirardeau, Mo. ; was ordained to the priesthood at St. Louis, .Mo., in 1M(;2, and was connected with vari- ous jwrishes in that state until 1M70; was |)rofessor in the Seminary of Our l^dy of .\ngels, .Suspension Bridge, N. Y., 1870- 72: has been editor of the Catholic Union (jW 7)>//f.f, Buffalo, since 1.S78. . . . 148 W CROSTHWAUK, JOHN L. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo in 1854 ; was educated in Buffalo schools ; engaged in lake traffic, l«71-7(5 ; married Kli/abeth Sherman .Morgan of Buffalo .\pril 12, l><7fi ; was deputy collector of customs, 1H78-81 ; has owned and operateil lake ves.sels since 1«H1 424 W CUDDKBACK, WILLIAM H. ; resides in Buffalo; was born in the town of Deer Park, N. Y., Man h 25, 1H54; was edu- cated at Coshen .Academy and Cornell I'niversity ; was admitted to the bar in 1><77 ; practiced law at Cioshen, N. Y., lH77-><5; w;ls chairman of the Democratic general committee, Buffalo, 1X95-97 ; has |)racticed law in Buffalo since 1885; was elected cor|ioratii)n counsel of Buffalo in November, lx;)7. . l'imi W CUMMINC, Al.LXANDKR : resides in Binghamton ; was born at Stamford, N. Y., November 12, 1h:{2; attended common schools and academies ; was admitted to the bar in 1H5« ; married Hannah llugui- ner of De|)Osit, .\. Y., September 17, 1H()0; practiced law at Deposit, 1X58-7X, and has practiced at Binghamton since 1878 •"><■> C CUNNKKN, JOHN; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Knis, Ireland, May IK, 184H; came to the United States in IHfil, and settled in Albion, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar at Rochester in 1X74; married Klizabeth K. liass of .Albion January 20, 1X70; ])racti(ed law in Albion, l«74-9(), and has practiced in Buffalo since 1X!K). 149 W CURl'LSS, {;K0R(;K B. ; resides in Bing- hamton ; was born at Mount Morris, N. Y., September 1(>, 1852 ; was educated in Illinois ; was admitted to the bar at Ithaca, N. Y., in IHXO ; was elected dis- trict attorney in IHH:!, and held the office six years ; married Mary D. Bliss of Lisle, N. Y., May 1, 18«H ; has practiced law at Binghamton since 1880 .'](> C CUSHMAN, CllAKI.KS W. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Cleveland, O., .Aug- u.st 31, 1848 ; attended the Cleveland pub- lic schools and the Rockford (111.) High School ; spent two years in the army, lX(i4-(i5: married Ceorgie L. Doran of Chicago March 18, 1X73 ; entered the ser- vice of the I^ke Shore iV Michigan South- ern railway in 18(i9, and was general agent of the com])any, 1x72— X(); organized the Railway Car .A.ssociation in 1880, and has been president thereof since 27 W CUSHMAN, DANIKL B. ; resides in Nor- wich ; was born at Plymouth, N. Y., December 18, 1852 ; graduated from Yale College in 187« ; w;ls memlicr of assembly, 1H(!2- (>:?, anil se< retary of state, lXt;4-(i.") ; was a|)|K)inted attorney for the New N'ork vt Harlem Railroad fo. in lM(i(), general ( ounsel of the New York Central & Hud- son River roati on its organization in 186!l, and second vice president of the road in 1>l-<>3; graduated at Alfred University in 1804; studied law at Elmira, and was admitted to the bar in 18ti(i ; married Elenor E. \Veaver of I.eonardsville, N. Y., June 17, 18(i8 ; was city attorney of Elmira in 1872, member of state assembly in 1878, and judge of the County Court of Chemung county, 1X7H-}S!» ; was president of the New York State Bankers' Associa- tion, l8!l(>-07 ; has been president of the Second National Bank of Elmira since 1889 19 C DEVO, ISRAEL T. ; resides in Bingham- ton ; was born at Union, N. Y., January 28, 1854 ; graduated from Amherst Col- lege in 1X79 ; taught school and studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; married Edith A. Weld of Binghamton June 2(), 1X«9 ; was a member of the New York state assembly, 1H9IMI3 ; has jjrac- ticed law at Binghamton since 18H3. . 7 C niEHL, CONRAD ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo July 17, 1843; was edu- ( ated in public and private schools ; grad- uated from the mediial department of the University of Buffalo in 1X(J(> ; was ( oroner of Erie county, lH(>.H-7(); mftrrietl Caro- line Trautman of Weissembourg, Alsace, May 5, 1H(J9, and Ix)is M. Masten of Somerset, Mass., May 28, 1892 ; has ])rac- ticed medicine in Buffalo since 18((7 ; was a member of the Buffalo board of s( hool examiners 1892-97 ; was elected mayor of Buffalo on the Democratic ticket in Novem- ber, 1897 324 W DOANE, WII.I.IAM CROSWEl.l,: resides in Allwiny ; was born at Boston March 2, 1832 ; graduated from Burlington ( N. J. ) College in 1M51 ; was ordained to the ministry March (>, 1853; married Sarah Katharine Condit of Newark, N. J., Nov- ember 24, 11S53 ; had [arishcs in Burling- ton, N. J., Hartford, Conn., and .-Ml^ny, N. Y., 1H53-0N ; has been bishop of the diocese of All«ny since February 2, 18((9. 21 I'. DORR, SAMUEL G. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Dansville, N. Y., May 3((, 1M4(I; was educated at Nunda ( N. Y. ) .•\cademy and .Mbion State .\cademy in Wisconsin ; conducted a flour-milling bu.si- ness at South Dansville, N. Y., lK59-fi4 ; married Rebecca Bradley of Dansville July 7, lH(i4 ; engaged in oil refining and in coojjerage in Pennsylvania, lH(j5-72; graduated from the medical dejjartment of the L'niversity of Buffalo in 1875, and has ]>racticed medicine in Buffalo since. 151 W DOUGLASS, GIBSON L. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Chazy, Clinton county, N. Y., January 22, 1839; married Anna M. Ojers of Chicago March 30, 1864; became a clerk in the office of the West- ern Transportation Co. in Troy, N. Y., in 1><58, and has been actively engaged in the handling and transportation of freight ever since ; has been vice president and general manager of the Western Transit Co., with headtiuarters at Buffalo, since January 20, 1897 455 W DOUGLASS, SILAS J. ; resides in East .Vurora ; was born at Busti, N. Y., Decem- ber 9, 1847 : was edutated in Westfield (N. Y. ) Academy and Jamestown (N. Y. ) L'nion School and Collegiate Institute ; graduated from the law de|)artment of Columbian College, Washington, D. C, in 1K72, and began practice in Buffalo in October, 187:{ ; married Leonora (lodwin of Buffalo .May S, 1M79 ; was supervisor of census for the 11th census district of New York state in IKMO and in 1890. . . . 425 W DOW, ALBERT G. ; resides in Randolph; was born at I'lainfield, N. H., August l(i, l.SOH ; carried on a shoe business in Silver Creek, N. Y., 1x27-40, and a hard- ware business, 1840-45 ; married Freelove .\la.son of Batavia, N. Y., October 4, 1«29, and Lydia A. Mason April 23, 1850; engaged in the hardware business in Randolph lM45-(!3 ; established a private SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continued 19 bank in Randolph in 18C0 ; was member of assembly, 1868-(i4, and state senator in 1873 ; wa-s president of the Salamanca (N. Y.) National Bank, 1881-90. . . 121 \\' DOWNING, AUGUSTUS S. ; resides in Palmyra; was born at Baltimore, Md., October 18, 1856; graduated from Penn- sylvania College, Gettysburg, Penn., in 1874 ; taught school in various places in New York state and in Newark, N. J., 1874-90; married Louise J. Brown of Palmyra July 17, 1889 ; was state institute conductor, 1890-95 ; has been supervisor of teachers' institutes and training classes in New York state since April, 1895. . 42 G DOWNS, FRED L. ; resides in Medina; was born at Medina August 14, 1855 ; attended district schools and Medina Acad- emy ; was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; was justice of the peace, 1883-86, trustee of the village of Medina, 1885-88, and president of the village, 1892-95 : mar- ried Emma A. Hopkins of Medina P^ebru- ary 11, 1890 ; was elected to the assembly in 1895 and 1896 ; has practiced law in Medina since 1880 43 G DRAKE, MARCUS M. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Homer, N. Y., September 7, 1835 ; attended common schools and Fre- donia (N. Y. ) Academy ; served as. sailor, officer, and master on the Great Lakes, 1851-62 ; served in the Union army from August, 1862, until the close of the war; married Mary A. Ludlow of Buffalo De- cember 17, 1867 ; was on the staff of the Erie railway as captain and superinten- dent, 1865-88 ; has been superintendent of the Lackawanna Transportation Co. since August, 1888 ; was alderman of Buf- falo, 1879-90 ; is commissioner of public works, Buffalo, having been appointed for the term 1896-99 306 W DRUMMOND, ROBERT L. ; resides in Auburn ; was born at New York city Au- gust 21, 1842; was educated in common schools and academies ; taught school, 1861-64; served in the Union army, 18()4-(55 ; was school commissioner in Cayuga county, 1866-68 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; married Anna E. Burke of Meridian, N. Y., Octo- ber 14, 1872 ; was district attorney of Cayuga county, 1879-87 ; has practiced law in Auburn since 1872 44 G DUCKWITZ, F. H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born in the town of Wheatfield, N. Y., August 11, 1858 ; attended district schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College ; studied law in a Lockport office, and grad- uated from the law department of Union University in 1.S80 ; married Henrietta Waldron Springsteed of Albany Decem- ber 22, 18.S0 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1880. 392 W DUDLEY, JOSEPH P. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Candia, N. H., November 21, 1832 ; attended country schools, and grad- uated from Pembroke (N. H.) Academy in 1852 ; married Mary F. Underhill of Concord, Mass., in 1854 ; moved to Buf- falo in 1858 ; engaged in the oil-refining business from 1861 until 1882 in the firm of Dudley & Co. ; has been manager of the Star Oil (Buffalo) Branch of the Stand- ard Oil Company since 1882 28 W DUDLEY, WESLEY C. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Colden, Erie county, N. Y., May 31, 1867; attended district schools and East Aurora (N. Y. ) Academy ; taught school, 1884-90 ; was elected school commissioner of the southern part of Erie county in 1890 ; studied law in Buffalo, and was admitted to the bar in 1894 ; mar- ried Floy Belle Stickney of Buffalo April 18, 1895 ; was clerk of the Erie-county board of supervisors, 1895-97 ; has prac- ticed law in Buffalo since 1894; was appointed assistant United States district attorney in September, 1897 325 W DUHL, LOUIS ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Kreuznach, Germany, October 7, 1852 ; was educated in the public schools ; came to America and settled in Elmira in 1869 ; married Harriet A. Brown of Elmira October 1, 1876 ; was elected alderman in 1885 ; was appointed park commissioner in 1892 ; has been general manager and treasurer of the Elmira Ice Co., Ltd., since 1884 37 C DUKE, GRANT ; resides in Wellsville ; was born at Wellsville June 1, 1863; was educated at the Pennsylvania Military Academy and at Alfred University ; mar- ried Anna B. Taylor of Wellsville, March 24, 1884 ; was president of the village of Wellsville, 1894-95 ; has been engaged in business in Wellsville and Allegany county, as lumber merchant and oil producer, since 1883 122 W DUN, ROBERT GRAHAM ; resides in New York city ; was born at Chillicothe, O., August 7, 1826; went to New York city in 1850, and entered the mercantile- agency business ; married Mary D. Brad- ford, a descendant of Governor Bradford of 20 .S- J XOPT/L A I. IS HEX — Continiifd Massachusetts ; has conducted the mercan- tile agency of R. G. Uun & Co. since 1«;j!(. . ' 4i; \I DUNBAR, tHARLKS F. ; resi.J ; has made his home in Syracuse since 1X40, and has devoted his life to Sunday-school and general edu- cational work '.•!•; DUSENBURV, JOHN F. ; resides in Port- ville ; was born at I'ortville June 10, 1H;J(! ; was educated in common .schools and at Binghamton ( N. Y. ) Academy; com- menced l)usiness as a country merchant in Fortville in 1H,1H ; engaged in lumbering in the same jjlace in iMfiO, and later in the manufacture of leather and in the oil busi- ness ; married Hattie A. Foster of Chili, N. Y., in February, 1861, and Delle V. Mather of Southwick, Ma.ss., in July, 181-G2, and of the state senate, lH(i4-»)5 ; has been a director of the New York & Harlem railroad since 18(i4, and has had charge of the de|)artment of live-stock transportation of the .New York Central & Hud.son River railroad since \H\') ; has lived at Pawling since lx(il, where he has maintained an extensive farm. ... 4!^ M FAI'ON, JAMFS \V. ; resides in Albany; wxs born at .\lbany May 14, lx.')(!; grad- uated from Yale College in 187!», and was admitted to the bar in 1M82 ; married Flora Cady of I.ockport, N. Y., September 2."!, 1H8;?, and Mrs. Hortense Willey Vibbard of Dansville, N. Y., July 17, 18'.»4 ; was district attorney of .Mbany comity, 18112- !I4 ; has practiced law in .Mtianv since 1«K2 . . 22 F FC.C.FRT, Ol.IVFR J. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Petersburg, Penn., October .■?1, 1828 ; received a common-school edu- cation ; conducted a general store at Fggertsville, Frie county, N. Y., 1847-<)2 ; married Susan Frick of Fggert.sville No- vember 15, 1?<4!( ; was appointed un2, and was elected sheriff for the years iHC.Vfu ; has been secretary of the Buffalo Ccmian Insurance Co. since 1874. 202 W FI.LSWORTH, TIMOTHY F. ; rcMdes in Fockport ; was born at Fast \Vind.sor, Conn., September 21, IH.'JO ; was educated at public and private .schools, and grad- uated from the University of Rochester in IM.57 ; was admitted to the bar at Roches- ter in 18.")8, and began |>ractice at Ix)ck- port ; served in the Union army, 1861-65 ; married, on February 2, 1864, Orissa M. Shoemaker of I.ockport, who died October 2H, iKIi.') ; was collector of customs at Sus- pension Bridge, N. Y., 1X70-7K, and state senator, 1M><2-Hr) ; was elected state sena- tor from the 4.Jth district in IX!).") ; has practiced law at Fockport since 1865. . 294 W FLY, WILLIAM CARYL: resides in Niag- ara Falls: was born at Middlefield, N. Y., February 2.J, lH5ti ; was educated at Coop- erstown (N. Y.) LInion School, Ciirard (Pa.) Academy, Delaware Literary Insti- tute (Franklin, N. Y. ), and Cornell Uni- versity ; was admitted to the bar in 18«2 ; married (Jrace Keller of Cobleskill, N. Y., February 13, 18X4 ; was a member of the state as.sembly, 18X.S-X5 ; has practiced law at Niagara Falls since 1HN5 ; was ap- pointed director general of the Pan-.-\meri- can Fxposition in 18y7 !•!' ^V FMFRSON, GFORC.F D. : resides in Buf- falo ; was born at .Abbott's Corners, N. Y., December 4, 1847 : was educated in Buf- falo public schools, and graduated from the high school in iXO-'i : married Susan K.. Corwin of Buffalo December 11, 1872 ; was connected with the freight de|)artnient of the Central- Hudson railroad at Buffalo, 1H74-H7, and with the inspection bureau of the Central Traffic .\s.so< iation, 188S- 8!) ; was s])ecial agent of the United States census bureau, 18!l()-!ll ; has been deputy clerk of the New York state senate sin< e 1««I4 -'{fiil W EMFRSON, HFNRY P.: resides in Buffalo ; was born at Lynnfield, Mass., January 11, 1X47: graduated from Phillips .Vcademy, .\ndover, .Ma.ss., in 1X67, and from Roches- ter University in 1X71 with the degree of SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Conthiual 21 A. B., receiving the degree of A. M. from the latter institution in 1874 ; married Mary A. Estey of Middleton, Mass., Aug- ust 4, 1874 ; came to Buffalo in the same year as teacher of tlreek and Latin in the Central High School, of which he was appointed principal in 1883; was elected su]ierintendent of education of the city of Buffalo in 1892, taking office January 1, 1893, for a term of three years ; was re- elected to the same position in November, 1895 30 W EMERY, EDWARD K.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at East Aurora, N. Y., July 29, 1851 ; attended the district schools and academy of his native town ; taught school and studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1877 ; married Clara B. Darbee of East Aurora October 7, 188(5 ; was mem- ber of assembly, 1887-88 ; practiced law in Buffalo, 1877-95 ; was elected judge of the Erie County Court in 1895 for the term 189(5-1901 332 W EUSTACE, ALEXANDER C. ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Troy, N. Y., May 12, 1855 ; was educated in private and public schools ; studied law in Albany, and was admitted to the bar in 1879 ; was county clerk of Chemung county in 1878 and in 1882-84 ; was state civil-service commissioner, 1889-93, a member of the Democratic state committee, 1889-93, and a delegate to the Democratic national con- vention in 1892 ; has practiced law in Elmira since 1879 51 C EVANS, ASHER B. ; resided in Lockport ; was born at Hector, N. Y., September 21, 1834 ; taught school and studied at vari- ous preparatory institutions, 1851-58 ; at- tended the University of Rochester, and graduated from Madison (now (Colgate) University in 1860 ; was principal of various schools in western New York, 1860-()(i ; married Sarah Elizabeth Haines of Lockport May 16, 1869 ; was principal of the Lockport Union School from 1866 until his death September 24, 1891. . . 51 D FAIRCHILD, JOSEPH L. ; resides in Hamburg; was born at Waterloo, N. Y., April 8, 1831 ; was educated in private schools and Waterloo Academy ; studied law in a Buffalo office, and was admitted to the bar in 1853 ; practiced law in Buf- falo, 1853-67 ; married Anna E. Dennison of Buffalo November 13, 1862 ; was a member of the Erie-county board of su])er- visors, 186(5-67, and a park commissioner of Buffalo for eight years, beginning in 1874 ; wa.s register in bankruptcy at Buf- falo, 1868-97 39;'. W FARNHAM, CHARLES C. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Bradford, Vt., May 9, 1864 ; graduated from the University of Vermont in 1886, and from Columbia College Law School in 1889 ; wa.s admit- ted to the bar at Buffalo in 1889 ; married Grace Hall of Ellington, Conn., October 30, 1889; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1889 395 W FASSETT, J. ' S. ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Elmira November 13, 1853 ; was educated in jmblic schools and Elmira Free Academy, and graduated from the Lhiiver- sity of Rochester in 1875; was admitted to the bar in 1878 ; married Jennie Louise Crocker of Sacramento, Cal., February 13, 1879 ; was district attorney, 1879-80, state senator, 1884-91, and collector of the port of New York in 1891 ; was Repub- lican candidate for governor of New York state in 1891, and temporary chairman of the Republican national convention, held in Minneapolis in 1892 20 C FASSETT, N. P.; resided in Elmira; was born at Troy, Penn., November 26, 1822 ; was educated at Elmira Free Academy ; was admitted to the bar in 1849 ; married Martha Ellen Sloat of Sloatsburg, N. Y., October 20, 1852 ; practiced law in Elmira from 1849 until his death January 17, 1894 ; . . . 19 D FELLOWS, ISAIAH, Jr. ; resides in Co- hoes ; was born at Wednesbury, Eng. , August 20, 1860 ; came to the United States in 1870, and settled in Cohoes ; was admitted to the bar in 1886, and has prac- ticed in Cohoes ever since ; was appointed recorder of the city of Cohoes July 20, 1896, for the term 1896-1900. ." . . 33 E FENNER, MILTON M. ; resides in Fre- donia ; was born at South Stockton, N. Y., July 28, 1837 ; w-as educated in the public schools, Ellington (N. Y.) Academy, and Allegheny College, Meadville, I'enn. ; graduated from the F^clectic Medical In- stitute at Cincinnati in 1860; married Georgianna L. Grandin of Jamestown, N. Y., June 5, 1866, and Florence E. Bondeson of Jamestown March 28, 1883 ; served in the Union army and navy, 1861- 64 ; practiced medicine in Michigan, 1859- 61, and in Jamestown, 1864-69 ; was mem- ber of a.ssembly, 1881-82, and deputy collector of customs at the ijort of New .V YXOPTICA L IX HEX — Continued York, 1890-!H ; has practiced medicine in Krcdonia simc IXC!*, and carried on the manufacUirc ol |iro|)rictarv nicdi« incs there since 1S72 ' 12» U FISH, I.KONARl) I'. ; resides in Kuiton- ville ; was i>orn at Kultonviile March "J"), l«(>7 : wxs educated at Clinton I.ii>eral Institute : studied law, and was ailn)itted to the liar in 1h;M) ; has i>een district attor- ney of Montj^omery county since 18H.'J; has practiced law at Kidtonville since 1891 10K KISHP:R, JEROMK B. ; resides in James- town ; wasliornat Russell, Warren county, I'cnn., February i;{, 18.")1 ; moved to Jamestown May 8, 18G4 ; was educated at Jamestown Union School and Collegiate Institute, and Cornell L'niversity ; was ad- mitted to the l)ar in 1878 ; married Julia K. Hatch of Jamestown December 1!>, 1K78 ; was alternate delegate to the Repub- lican national convention in 1XX4, and a delegate in 1888 ; was elected county judge of Chautau(|ua county in November, iHittj ; has practiced law in Jamestown since 1878 385 W FLACLER, BEN'JAMIN; resides in Niag- ara Falls; was born at Fockport, N. Y. , December 10, 183;^ ; was educated in |>ub- lic schools; married Martha J. McKnight of Newfane, N. Y., Noveml)er !t, 18r)9; served in the Union army, 18(>l-(i2 ; settled in Niagara Falls in 18(J3; was in the customs service at Susjjension Bridge, N. Y., as inspector, deputy collector, and collector, 18()3-8(i ; has been president of the Suspension Bridge Bank since 188(i, and vice president of the Niagara Falls Power Co. since 1891 125 \V FI.AC.FFR, THOMAS T.; resided in I.ock- l)ort ; was born at Pleasant Valley, N. Y., October 12, 1811 ; after attending country schools, was apprenticed to the printing trade at Oxford, N. Y., in 1827 ; became publisher of the Chenango Rtpiililican in 1X29, and of the Niagara Courier in 1838 ; was elected to the New York legislature in 1842, 1H43, and 1800; was treasurer of Niagara county in 1849 ; was representa- tive in congress, 1853—57 ; was a member of the constitutional convention of 18(i7- (J8 ; lived in I.ockport from IH.'^li until his death Sei)tember 5, 1K97 100 W FI.FISCHMANN, (lUSTAV; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Vienna, Austria, March 22, 1850; came to the Inited Slates in 18(U!; married Emilie Robertson of New York city August 24, 1880 ; has been engaged in the distilling business in Buffalo since 1X77 154 W FI.FMINt;, EDWIN; resides in Buffalo; was born at West Lebanon, Ind., Decem- ber 11, 1847 ; graduated from the Univer- sity of Michigan in 1870 ; engaged in news- |>aper work of various kinds for several Michigan pajiers until 1H73 ; after sjtend- ing eighteen months abroad, went to Wash- ington as corresijondent of New York, Detroit, and St. Louis newspapers, and of the Buffalo Courier: married Harriet L. Stone of Kalamazoo, Mich., April 20, 1881 ; was editor of the Buffalo Courier, 18X5-97 ; became secretary to the mayor of Buffalo January 1, 1898.' 31 W FLOOD, THOMAS S. ; resides in Elmira ; was born at Lodi, Seneca county, N. Y., .April 12, 1844 ; was educated in the pub- lic schools and Elmira Free Academy ; began work as clerk in a drug store at I'".lmira in 1X()5, and established there, in IXOX, a drug business that he has conduc- ted ever since ; married Frances Miller of Elmira June 23, 1870 ; was engaged in iimiber and other business at Dubois, Penn., 1874-79 ; was a member of the 50th and 51st congresses, 1887-91 ; has been trustee and vice |)resident of the Elmira Savings Bank since 1891 38 C FLOWER, ROSWELL P. ; resides in New York ( ity ; was born at Theresa, N. Y., .\ugust 7, lx;i5 : graduated from the 'The- resa High School in 1851 ; was clerk in the post office at Watertown, N. Y., 1854- 00 ; married Sarah M. Woodruff of Water- town December 20, 1859: conducted a jewelry store in Watertown, 18()(>-fi9; engaged in the banking business in New York city, 1X09-X1 ; was member of con- gress, 18'xl-x:{and 18X9-91 ; was governor of New York state, 1892-94 19 M FOLSOM, BENJAMIN; resides in Buffalo; was born at Folsomdale, Wyoming county, N. Y., December 5, 1847 ; graduated from the L'niversity of Rochester in 1871 ; served as newspaper i orres|)on(icnt, 1X71- 72 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1875 ; i)racticed law in Buffalo, l«7H-80; was United States consul at Sheffield, Eng., 1880-93; married Mrs. Ella Blanchard Howard of Rochester Oc- tober 11, 1893; resumed the ]>ractice of law in BulTalo in 1893 2-10 W FORSYTH, JA.MES C..; resides in BulTalo; was born at Buffalo April 17, 1832; was educated in the ])ublic schools of Kenosha, SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Coniinued 23 Wis.; married Jane Elizabeth Dodge of Buffalo March 10, 1857 ; entered the ser- vice of Sidney Shepard & Co. of Buffalo in 1856, and has been a partner in the firm since 1860 32 W FOSTER, SAMUEL ; resides in Troy ; was born at Grafton, N. Y., September 26, 1847 ; attended common schools ; taught school, 186S-69; studied law, and was admitted to the bar September 7, 1871 ; married Charlotte A. Irving of Troy April 20, 1874; was assistant district attorney of Rensselaer county, 1876—78, and district attorney, 1870-81 ; has practiced law at Troy since 1871, with the exception of a few years spent in business in Kansas City, Mo 67 E FOWLER, JOSEPH ; resides in Buffalo ; was born in Clifton Park township, Sara- toga county, N. Y., May 3, 1847; was educated in the schools of his native town ; taught school, 1864-60 ; married Cornelia F. Cowles of Buffalo in 1867 ; graduated from the medical department of the Uni- versity of Buffalo in 1873 ; was elected a coroner of Erie county in 1881 ; was Republican candidate for superintendent of education of Buffalo in 1889; was appointed surgeon of the department of police in 1886, and has held the position since ; has practiced medicine in Buffalo since 1873 204 W FRANCHOT, N. V. V.; resides in Olean ; was born at Morris, Otsego county, N. Y., August 21, 1855; was educated at Union School and at Union College, Schenectady, graduating from the latter institution in 1875 ; married Annie Coyne Wood of Warren, Penn., November 5, 1879; was elected mayor of Olean in February, 1894 ; has been in business in Olean, as an oil producer, since 1878 101 W FRANK, AUGUSTUS ; resided in Warsaw ; was born at Warsaw July 17, 1826 ; was educated in public schools and by private instructors ; engaged in a general mercan- tile business at Warsaw, 1847-71 ; was representative in congress, 1859-65 ; was a delegate to the state constitutional con- ventions of 1867 and 1894, and a presiden- tial elector in 1889 ; married Agnes Mc- Nair of Groveland, N. Y., August 28, 1867 ; organized the Bank of Warsaw in 1871, and was president thereof until his death April 29, 1895 35 D FROST, GEOR(iE H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Cherry Creek, N. Y., Decem- ber 15, 1850 ; attended district schools, and union schools at Jamestown and Elling- ton ; taught .school in various towns, 1870- 82; married Helen M. Perrin of Dayton, N. Y., December 18, 1879; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; practiced law in Cherry Creek, 1883-89 ; was member of assembly, 1887-88 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since November, 1889 •■!!>6 W FUERTES, E. A.; resides in Ithaca; was born at St. John's, Porto Rico, W. I., May 10, 1838 ; received the degrees of Ph. B. and Ph. D. from the Conciliar Seminary of S. Yldefonso ; graduated from the Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, in 1860; married Mary Stone Perry of Troy December 22, 1860; was assistant director and director of public works in Porto Rico, 1861-64, and assistant engi- neer of the Croton aqueduct, and engineer of the Croton aqueduct board. New York, 1864-70 ; went to Cornell University, Ithaca, in 1873, as dean of the department of civil engineering, and has been director of the College of Civil Engineering there since 1889 40 C FULLER, FREDERICK A., Jr.; resides in Jamestown; was born at Rutland, Vt., April 10, 1839 ; was educated in the Jamestown Academy ; was a clerk in his father's store in Jamestown, 1857-66 ; married Cornelia Ludlow Benedict of Brooklyn, N. Y., May 24, 1866 ; engaged in the jewelry business as an importer in New York city, 1866-75 ; was a presiden- tial elector in 1884; has been a member of the Jamestown board of education since 1884, and its president since 1890 ; has conducted a jewelry business in Jamestown since 1878 434 W GAINES, C. C; resides in Poughkeepsie ; was born at Dowell, Charlotte county, Va., March 15, 1857 ; graduated from Hamp- den Sidney College in 1875 ; taught school in Virginia and Kentucky, 1875-80 ; graduated from the University of Virginia in 1882 ; practiced law in Chicago, 1882- 83 ; married Mrs. M. M. Eastman of Poughkeepsie October 29, 1884 ; has been president of the Eastman Business Col- lege, Poughkeepsie, since November 25, 1884 ; esUiblished the New York Business College in 1892, and has carried on the same since 15 E GASKILL, JOSHUA ; resides in Lockport ; was born at Royalton, N. Y., November 4, 1835 ; was educated at the Lock|:>ort I'nion 24 SYXOPTICAI. IS HEX— Continufd School, Wilson Collegiate Institute, (las- l>ort AiailL'iny, and the Iniveniity of RcM-hcster, from which he graduated in l«.")!l; was admitted to the lar in lH(i(); married Salome l"ox of l,oort May 2'), 1K(58; was apjiointed < ity i lerk of l.otk- |»ort in lNti."i, and < lerk of the lioard of sii|K.Tvisors of Niagara county the same year ; was elcctcil treasurer of l.ock|)ort in 1x70, and surrogate of Niagara county in 1«71 : has practiced law in l.ock|>ort since \m:\ lO-.MV (JATCHKLl,, {;i;()k(;K S.; resides in Buf- falo; was Itorn at Wheatfield, N. V'., Jan- uary 1(>, 1H47 : attended the lx)ck|)ort I'nion School until lH(i:{, when he moved to I'hiladeljihia ; enlisted in the ."id Penn- sylvania cavalry in June, lM(i4, and served until the close of the war; moved to Huf- lalo in IStiti, and engaged in railroad sur- veying ; was a])|)oinled chief engineer in 1K72 of what is now the Western New York & Pennsylvania railroad, and was general superintendent of that comi)any, lx7!l-Wi); married Sarah M. Ketcham of HutTalo Octo- ber 15, 1x74 ; was appointed a commis- sioner of pulilic works of the city of Buffalo January 4, l«!t'2, for a term of one year, and was reapix)inted January 4, iHK.j, for three years; has been manager of the Buffalo Klevating Co. since IHHil ; was appointed in 1897 general inspector for the state railroad commission. XK W CAVIN, JOSKPH K.; resides in Buffalo; was horn at Buffalo November 14, 1H.").t; was educated in public schools, St. Joseph's College, Buffalo, and St. Michael's Col- lege, Toronto ; married Sarah K. Candee of Buffalo October .31, 1H81 ; was customs insitector at Buffalo, 188.5-89, and comp- troller of the city, 1«!>2-!I4; has been engaged in the coal and wood business in Buffalo since 188.3 20.5 W CKRSr, PHILIP; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo Sejitember 17, lH(;:i; was educated in the public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College : was in the employ of the Krie railroad, 1K7!(-M(), and of Dakin i\: Sloan, coal dealers, 18«(5-'', l«tJ(i ; has practiced medicine in Hiiffalo since It*?"). . 20H W C.kKKNK, WAI.TKR D.; resides in Hut falo ; was l)orn at Starksi>oro, Vt., April 20, !><."».■} ; tta.s educated in district s( hools and L'nion Springs ( N. Y. ) Academy, and graduateil from the medical department of the Ciiiversity of liuffalo in 1X7<> ; served on the staff of the Rochester City Hospital, lJS7()-7«; married Mary K. I'ursel of Buf- falo November 2«, 1878; practiced medi- cine in Mendon, N. Y., 1X7H-K0; was district physician in the health dcjiartment of Buffalo, lXS2-.'racticcd medi- cine in Buffalo sine e iH.Sd; was a|)pointed deputy health < ommissioner of Buffalo Jan- uary i, lHlt7, for a term of five years. . ;\M> W (;R()SS, ROBKRT J.: resides in Dunkirk; was horn at Brighton, Canada West, November 21, IH")!); received a common - school education ; was in the telegraphic and railway service, 1SG.'}-S2 ; married Helen K. Wheeler of Milnaiikce, Wis., June 'IZ, 1MH7; has been a partner in the Brooks Locomotive Works, Dunkirk, since 1«X2 ll>.". U HAKIHI', Al.BKRT; resides in Buffalo; was born at ICllicottville, N. Y., February 20, 1.H42 ; attended district schools and S|»ringville ( N. Y. ) Academy ; married .\ngeline Waters of Wc^t l-'alls, N. Y., November 20, 1SH4 ; was elected succes- sively supervisor from the second ward of Buffalo in DS6!t, 1H70, and 1.S71, county Judge of Krie county in 1X72, and justice of the Supreme Court lor the Xth judicial district in lK7ti ; was re-elected Supreme Court Justice in 1K!M>; was appointed suc- cessively as.soi iate justice of the Cencral 'i'erm of the Siii)reme Court for the fifth department by C.ovcrnor Cleveland in 1XX4, as.sociate judge of the second division of the Court of -Appeals by Clovernor Hill in DSXJI, and as.sociate ju.stice of the (len- eral Term (again) by Governor Flower in lxy2; was elected a.s,sociate judge of the Court of Appeals in 1H!I4 .•^X W lIAl.l.HR, FRFDKRICK; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at .Vugusta, Ca.. .April X, lX.i!(; was educated in common schools; learned the cigar maker's trade and worked at the same, in .Savannah, (la., anil in .New York city, 1X71-XX; married .Anna Zeip of New York city May 7, 1XX4 ; studied law, and was admitted to the l>ar in iXill ; was a]>|)ointed assistant district attorney of Ivrie county January 1, iXilG ; has prac- ti.ed law in Buffalo since ix;tl. . . . 354 W HAI.I.IDAY, SAMCKL D. ; resides in Ithaca ; was Iwrn at Dryden, Tompkins county, N. Y., January 7, 1X47 ; gradu- ated from Cornell I'niversity in 1X70; was distrit t attorney of Tompkins county, IX7-1-7"), and member of as.sembly in the legislatures of lx7(i and 1X7X ; married Jennie l.conaril of L'nion Springs, N. \'., June 30, IXXl ; has practiced law in Ithaca since 1X72 41 C HA.MMOND, C. I).; resides in Alliany ; was born at Rushford, N. Y., March 1, 1X44 ; was educated in district schools and Friendship ( N. Y. ) .Academy; served in the Union army, 1X(J4— (i5 ; married ICunice Klnora Babcock of F'ricndshij) Jan- uary 2!l, lx(i(i ; was in the eniploy of the Krie railroad, lX("i2-(>4 and lX(;."(-72, and of the New York & Oswego Midland rail- road, 1X72-73 ; has been in the employ of the Delaware \- Hudson Canal Co. since 1X74, as superintendent of the northern railway de|)artment of that conijjany since IXXO. ' CX !•; HAMMOND, CLARFNCK W. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at l^ast Jaffrey, N. H., June 3, 1X4X ; was educated in Michigan schools ; began business life in 1X()4 as a bank clerk, and afterward engaged in lum- ber manufacture in Michigan ; conducted a wholesale lumber business in Buffalo, lX7!»-X!t ; married .Adele V\. Sirret of Buf- falo Jimc 2, IXXl ; has been ca.shier of the People's Bank, Buffalo, since its organiza- tion in ixxit, and .second vice president since January 1, 1X!I7 442 W HAMMOND, RICHARD; re.sides in Buf- falo ; was born in Ireland January 27, lX4!t ; came to the I'nitcd Slates in boy- hood, and learned the machinist's trade at Troy, N. Y. ; married Johanna Mahar of Troy .April 2o, 1X70; engaged in business in New York ami Pennsylvania, 1X71-X2; has conducted the Fake l^rie Boiler Works at Buffalo since 1XX2, and the l.ake F;ric Fnginccring Works since 1X!)0. 42(5 W HAMMOND, WILLIAM W.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Hamburg, N. Y., Novem- ber 4, 1X31 ; attended common schools and Fredonia ( N. Y. ) .Academy; married .Amy A. Hurd of I^vans, N. Y., in lx.')4, and Louisa .A. Hurd of the same place in ixci ; w.i.s admitted to the Iwr in BniTnlo SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Contmiied in 1861 ; was a member of the National Guard from 1852 to 1866 ; was elected county judge of Erie county in 1 877, and was re-elected in 1878 and in 1883 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1890. . oil A\' HARRINGTON, DEVILLO W.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Sherburne, N. Y. , October 23, 1844; attended district schools, and taught for several years ; served in the Union army, 1862-65; graduated from the medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1X71 ; married Annie Scott of Buffalo October 10, 1875 ; has practiced medicine at Buffalo since 1871 210 W HART, LOUIS B.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Medina, N. Y., March 30, 1869; was educated in the Lockport schools and the Buffalo Law School ; was admitted to the bar in 1892 ; was stenographer and afterward clerk to the grand jury of Erie county, 1890-95; has been clerk of the Surrogate's Court of Erie county since Jan- uary 1, 1896 ' . . " . 211 W HASCALL, HIRAM \V. ; resides in Le Roy ; was born at Le Roy December 18, 1812; received a common-school and an academic education ; studied law in Le Roy, and was admitted to the bar in 1843 ; was clerk of Genesee county, 1856-62, and collector of internal revenue, 1866-69 ; was postmaster of Le Rov, 1867-83 ; has practiced law in Le Roy s'ince 1843 46 G HASTINGS, ARTHUR C.; resides in Niag- ara Falls; was born at Brooklyn, N. Y., July 13, 1860; was educated in Brooklyn public schools and at Smith College, Hat- field, Mass.; married Alice \V. Brown of Rochester January 13, 1887; was con- nected with the Rochester Paper Co., 1877-89 ; has lieen treasurer and manager of the Cliff Paper Co., Niagara Falls, N. Y., since 1892; was elected mayor of Niagara Falls in March, 1897. . '. . 386 W HATCH, EDWARD W. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Friendship, N. Y., November 26, 1852 ; received a common-school edu- cation ; began the study of law at Attica, N. Y., in 1872, and was admitted to the bar in 1876 ; married Helen Woodruff of Conneaut, O., in 1878; practiced law in Buffalo, 1876-86; was district attorney of Erie county, 1881-86 ; was judge of the Superior Court of Buffalo, 1887-95 ; became judge of the Supreme Court Jan- uary 1, 1896, and was appointed by Gover- nor Morton a])pellate judge for the 2d department of that court for a term of five years 249 W HATHAWAY, FRANKLIN FLINT; re- sides in Platt.sburgh ; was born at Fall River, Mass., May 2, 1845 ; married Sarah Imogen Clark of Plattsburgh September 28, 1869 ; engaged in business in Platts- burgh, 1865-70 and 1872-77 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; was recorder of Plattsburgh, 1883-96; was appointed postmaster of Plattsl)urgh May 28, 1897 ; has practiced law in Platts- burgh since 1880 (i9 E HAWKES, THOMAS (;.; re.sides in Corn- ing ; was born in County Cork, Ireland, September 25, 1846 ; completed his edu- cation at Queen's College, Cork ; came to the United States in 1865, and entered the employ of Hoare & Dailey, gla.ss cutters ; married Charlotte Isidore Bissell of Corn- ing June 15, 1876 ; has carried on the manufacture of cut glass in Corning since 1880 54 C HAWKS, EDWARD C; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo July 26, 1846 ; gradu- ated from the Central High School in 1865; was admitted to the bar in 1869; was city attorney, 1880-81 ; married, on June 5, 1879, .\manda Smith of Buffalo, a lineal descendant of Richard Smith, Jr., the crown patentee of Narragansett, Rhode Island, 1641 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1871 155 W HAWLEY, ELIAS S. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Moreau, N. Y., October 28, 1812; moved to Buffalo in 1823; grad- uated from Union College in 1833 ; taught school, 1836-39 ; was superintendent of schools in Buffalo in 1844, 1846, and 1847 ; married Lavinia Hurd Selden of Buffalo May 30, 1845 : was in the employ of Pratt & Co. for twenty-three years ; was alderman from the 11th ward, Buffalo, in 1869, and member of assembly in 18S3 ; has been engaged of late years in the management of his own property and of trust estates in Buffalo, and as secretary and treasurer of the Buffalo Hospital. . 413 W HAWLEY, FRANK W.; resides in Pitts- ford ; was born at Belleville, Jefferson county, N. Y., November 23, 1857 ; was educated in the public schools of Auburn, N. Y., and in Canandaigua (N. Y. ) Acad- emy ; studied law in Rochester ; married Estelle F. Ives of Brooklyn Feliruary 25, 1886 ; began active lile as a journalist, 28 sy\OI'T/CAL /.\/>/:.\ — Contimiai but soon turned to business pursuits, and has attained high rank as a promoter and organi/er of industrial concerns. . . lit ("■ HAWl.KY, I.ICIAN: resides in BufTalo ; wa-s born at Moreau, N. V., November H, IXIH; received a lomnion -school educa- tion, and was achnitteii to the bar in 1H44 ; practiced law in HiilTalo, lH4-l-4il; was ap|)ointed deputy coliei tor of customs in 1H4!I : was engaged in the L'nited States revenue ser\-ice, lX(i.")-7(i ; married Irene Hurt I.ecch of HufTalo April lit, 1H4H, and I, ida Williams Jennings of l.ock|>ort, N. Y., December ix, 1N77 : has made his home in HulTalo since l«7ti 250 U HAYES, CHARLKS K.; resides in Buffalo; wa-s born at Oakville, Canada, March 24, 1H.").S ; was educated in the [niblic schools of Steubenville, (>., and Hryant i\: Stratton's lUisincss College, HulTalo ; l)ecanie book- keeper for the firm of C"osack & Co., l'>uf- falo, in 1H7M, and wa.s admitted to the firm in IKXI ; married Carrie Kairchild Spencer of Buffalo October 11, IHKI ; has been a member of the firm of Koerner & Hayes, successors to Cosack & Co., since 1HH2. 2")! W HAYKS, P. HAROLD; resided in Buffalo: was born at Clinton, Ind., (Jctober 7, 1H24 ; attended Canandaigua (N. Y. j .\( adcmy and the seminary at I-ima, N. Y., and graduated from Jefferson Medical Col- lege, Philadelphia, in l.H4fS ; married Cor- nelia Catherine llall of West Hloomfield, N. Y., September ."), I^i4x ; was connected with various sanitariums, 1H4X-75 ; engaged in general jjractice at Binghamton, N. Y., l«7o-85; made a sjjecialty of the treat- ment of asthma at Buffalo, 1885-!(4 ; died at HulTalo Ajjril !l, 1X!I4 ;{7 l» HAYT, STKPHKN T.; resides in Corn- ing; was born at Patterson, N. Y., June ■"), 1X23 ; was educated in Kno.wille -Acad- emy, Painted Post, N. Y.; conducted a general store at Corning, 1843-5(1 ; mar- ried .Margaret Comstoc k Town.send of Palmyra, N. Y., November l!l, 1H5(! : engaged in the lumber business, lM51-(!7 : was elected state senator in 1M()3 and in 1«(»5, and canal commissioner in lH(i(; ; wa.s a delegate to the Republican national conventions of IXdIt, iXfiH, 1HH4, and IKKX ; ha-s conducted a milling and plaster business at Corning since 18()8. 42 C HAZEL, JOHN R.: resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo December IX, 1«(!(); re- ceived a common-school education ; stud- ied law, and was admitted to practice .•\i)ril 7, 1HX2; was ap[>ointcd commissioner of cor|)oration tax in 1H!I4 ; was a delegate to the Republican national convention at St. Louis in iHlMi : has been a member of the Rejjublican state committee since lM!t2; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1XX2 I'll' W HLALY, M. J.; resides in Buffalo: was born at Buffalo November 3, lx5i(: was educated in public schools and St. Joseph's College, Buffalo ; was in the employ of Pratt \- Co., 187l!-78 ; married Kli/.al)eth Warner of Buffalo February K, 18!(7 ; was apjiuinted commissioner of public works of HulTalo for the tenn lH!t7-l!M)(» ; has car- ried on a grocery and meat business at Black Rock since 'l 878 371 W HKA TH, C. WARREN ; resides in Fonda ; was born at Amsterdam, N. Y., August 2(>, IXliO; was educated in jmblic schools and Amsterdam .Academy ; married Lillian M. Sammons of .Amsterdam October 15, 1XH4 : was employed in the designing dejartment of Stephen Sanford & Sons, .Amsterdam, 1878-115; was treasurer of the city of .Amsterdam, 18}(l-!l2 ; has been sheriff of Montgomery county since 1895, making his home at Fonda HE HED.SIRO.M, KRIC L.: resided in Buffalo; was born at Stockholm, Sweden, .August 21, 1x35; came to the United Stattjs in childhood ; began business life in a coal office in Chicago in 1850 ; moved to Buf- falo about 18(50, and was actively engaged in the coal and iron business there until his death ; was |)resident of the Buffalo Young Men's Christian .Association, lx71-7(>, and of the Merchants' Exchange, 18X4-X5 : died in Buffalo October 17, 18!»4. . . 12 1) HEES, JAMES LEDLIE : resides in Fonda : was born at Palatine Bridge, N. Y., Janu- ary 24, 18C2 ; was educated in private schools ; was a clerk in a New York office, lX7!t-81 ; married Adela S. Moore of De troit, Mich., October 12, 1X87: became connected with the National Mohawk River Bank of Fonda in 1881, and has been its president since January, 18i(7 : has been president of the Herkimer, Mohawk, llion & Frankfort Electric Railroad Co. since 1X!(5, and of the Fonda, Johnstown & (iloversville and the Cayachitta Electric railroad com[)anies since 1X!17 ; has been dejiutv state treasurer of New York sine e 18!I4.' 12 E HEFFORD, ROBERT RODMAN; roides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo l-'ebruary 25, 1x45 ; was educated in HulTalo schools ; SYNOPTICAL INDEX dmtinued 29 was clerk in a wholesale house in Buffalo, 18t)2-63, and in the canal collector's office in 1864 ; married Harriet Rosalia Whit- taker of Catskill, N. Y., January 4, 1870; was alderman from the 2d ward, Buffalo, 1879-82, and president of the common council, 1883-84 ; was jjresident of the Republican League of the State of New York, 1887-88, and vice president of the National Republican League, 188i)-9;i ; was president of the Buffalo Merchants' Exchange and of the Board of Trade, 1894- 90 ; has been engaged in the coal trade in Buffalo since 1865 372 W HENDERSON, WILLIAM H.; resided in Randolph ; was born at TuUy, N. Y., December 4, 1828 ; was educated at Fre- donia Academy and at the State Normal College at Albany, N. Y. ; was nominated for treasurer of Cattaraugus county in 1851 ; was appointed county judge of Cattaraugus county in 1875, and justice of the Supreme Court for the 8th judicial district in 1876 ; was delegate to the Democratic national convention in 1880 ; married Anna M. Morris of Ellicottville, N. Y., June 3, 1858, and Emily A. Thompson of Randolph July 9, 1885 ; practiced law in Randolph from 1852 until his death December 5, 1896 126 W HENGERER, WILLIAM ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Wurtemburg, Germany, March 2, 1839 ; attended common schools ; came to the United States in 1849 ; served in the I'nion army, 1861-63 ; married Louisa Duerr of Buffalo September 24, 1863 ; has been a trustee of the Buffalo Normal School since 1885, a park commis- sioner of Buffalo since 1884, and president of the board since April, 1897 ; has been a member of the dry-goods house now known as the William Hengerer Co. since 1874 40 W HENNIG, HERMAN ; resides in Buffalo ; was born in Saxony October 16, 1852; was educated in Buffalo at public schools and by private tutors ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1876 ; was city attorney of Buffalo, 1884-85 ; has been twice married, the second time to Sadie G. Bowman of Buffalo May 23, 1893 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1876. . . 427 W HEQUEMBOURG, CHARLES E.; resides in Dunkirk ; was born at Dunkirk July 9, 1845 ; was educated in the common schools ; served in the United States army from 18()3 to the close of the war ; mar- ried Harriet E. Thurlicr of St. Louis, Mo., July 31, 1872; was an early operator in the Pennsylvania oil fields, and a pioneer in the development of natural-gas transpor- tation ; was elected mayor of Dunkirk in March, 1894, and again in March, 1895 ; has been engaged in busine.ss, chiefly as civil engineer and contractor, in Dunkirk since 1865 \W^ W HEWITT, ABRAM S.; resides in New York city ; was born at Haverstraw, N. Y., July 31, 1822 ; graduated from Columbia Col- lege in 1842 ; was admitted to the bar in 1845 ; was a member of the national house of representatives, 1875-79 and 1881-87 ; was mayor of New York city, 1887-88 ; married Sarah Amelia Cooper, the only daughter of Peter Cooper, in 1855 ; has engaged in the business of iron manufac- ture since 1845 67 M HIBBARD, H. M.; resides in Ithaca; was born at Ithaca November 29, 1853 ; was educated in private schools, Ithaca Acad- emy, and Cornell University, graduating from the latter institution in 1874 ; fol- lowed the profession of civil engineer from 1874 to 1880 ; was city supervisor in 1888 ; has been treasurer of the Autophone Com- pany, Ithaca, since 1880 21 C HICKEY, CHARLES; resides in Lock- port ; was born at Somerset, Niagara county, N. Y., April 18, 1857 ; was edu- cated in district schools and at Lockport Union School ; was admitted to the bar in October, 1884 ; married Frances C. Lam- bert of Lockport November 25, 1886 ; was city attorney of Lockport, 1892-95 ; prac- ticed law in Lockport, 1885-95 ; has been county judge and surrogate of Niagara county since January 1, 1896. . . . 180 W HICKMAN, ARTHUR W.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Marshall, Calhoun county, Mich., June 18, 1850; was edu- cated in the Buffalo public .schools ; was admitted to the bar at Rochester in 1871 ; was member of assembly from the 3d Erie-county district, 1881-82; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1872. . 326 W HKIGINS, FRANK W.; resides in Olean ; was born at Rushford, N. Y., August 18, 1856 ; was educated in the public schools and at Riverview Military Academy, Pough- keepsie, N. Y. ; was in business in Chi- cago and Denver, 1874-76, and in Stan- ton, Mich., 1876-79 ; married Kate C. Noble of Sparta, Wis., June 5, 1878; was a delegate to the Republican national con- vention in l.S,S,S ; was elected state senator 30 SYNOPT/CAL /\I)E.\— Conliniieil in iHitS and re-elettcd in 18!»5 ; has con- ducted a general mercantile business in Olean since l«7!l 127 W nil. I., DAVID H.; residc-s in Allany ; was liorn at Havana, N. \'., August 251, 184.'}; was eiUicatcd at Havana Academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the l>ar in 1S(>4 : was city attorney of Kimira, N. V., in 1MG5; practiced law in Klmira, I't2 ; was lieutenant governor of New \'ork state, 1«M,S-H4, and governor, IXK.J-Itl ; was member of the United States senate, 1H91-1I7. ... 4!l K llll.l., HKNRY W.: resides in BufTalo ; was born at Isle l.a Motte, \'t., November 1.'5, l^-^S;?; prejiared for college in the jxiblic schools, and graduated from the Lniversity of N'emiont in lH7t>: was ]>rincii»al of Swanton ( Vt. ) Academy, 1)S77-7J), and of Chateaugay ( N. V.) Academy, 1X7!»-H.S: married Miss Harriet Augusta Smith of Swanton August 11, 1«H0 ; was admitted to the bar at .Mbany in 1H«4 : was elected member of the New York constitutional convention in IH'.I.S, and of the New \'ork as.sembly in l.sit.'i, iS'Ki, and 1S!)7 : has practiced law in liuffalo since l'SH4. . loC \V HIM., HliRBKRl' .M.: resides in Huffalo ; was born at Burrs Mills, Jefferson county, N. Y., May lit, lxr)(i ; graduated from Hamilton College in 1X7!I ; married .Amanda Klizabeth Isdell of Watertown, N. Y., June 1, IXSO ; was a professor in the \Vatertown High School, l«!Sl-Xil, and princijal thereof, 1S,S,S-K-74 ; was bank ca.shier and |)resi(lent at Trumansburgh, N. Y., 1M74-X1 ; married Helen Mary Noble of Trumansburgh December 12, 18H3 ; has been K V.: resides in BufTalo; was born at Ithaca, N. Y., March 23, lxr)(>: was educated in the public schools of Ithaca and in Cornell University ; .stud- ied law in Ithaca law offices, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1X77 : married Mariette Wood of I'ainted Post, N. Y., Decemlter 2."i, IXXO; was clerk of the 'I'ompkins- county board of su|)ervisors, lXS2-x;{, and corporation counsel of Ithaca, IXX.l-Xti ; practiced law in Ithaca, 1X77-X9, with the e.\cei)tion of a few months spent in .south- ern California, and has practiced in Buf- falo since iXXif : was non-resident coriwra- lion counsel of Niagara Kails, N. Y., 1X!UI- 5(2 ■■!27 W HOKKKLD, RUDOl.I'H : resided in Un- caster : was born at Kngcr, Westphalia, I'ru.ssia, .March."?, 1X;}:J: received a general and technical education : came to the United States in 1X51 : was a druggist's clerk, lX51-oJ) : engaged in the manufac- ture of coal oil in West Virginia, 1X59-61 ; married Henrietta J. Koopmans of l^ncas- ler January 12, IXti;? : establi.shed a tan- nery at I^ncasier in lX(il, and was engaged in this and other business enterprises, there and in BufTalo, until his death .August 4, IXitii .53 D HOI.I.ISTKR. WILLIAM H., Jr.; resides in Troy : was born at Coxsaikie, N. Y., October 11, 1X47: graduated from Wil- liams College, Williamstown, Mass., in 1X70: studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1X74; married Julia Krances Ilillman of I'rov October l(i, 1X7X ; w.xs SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Coiitimmi 31 one of the school commissioners of Troy, 1878-81 ; has been vice president of the Troy Record Co. since 1890 ; has prac- ticed law in Troy since 1874. ... 34 E HOOKER, WARREN B.; resides in Fre- donia ; was born at Perrysburg, N. Y. , November 24, 18.56 : was educated at Forestville (N. Y. ) Academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar of the Supreme Court in 1879 : was elected special .surro- gate of Chautauqua county in 1878 ; mar- ried Etta E. Abbey of Fredonia September 11, 1884; was supervisor of the town of Pomfret, 1890-91 : was member of con- gress, 1891-98 ; has practiced law in Fre- donia since 1884 334 W HOPKINS, NELSON K.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Williamsville, N. Y., March 2, 1816 ; attended Fredonia ( N. Y. ) Acad- emy and \Vesleyan Seminary at Lima, N. Y., and graduated from Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1842 ; was admit- ted to the bar at New York city in 1846 ; married Lucy Ann Allen of Buffalo in 1848, and Louise Ann Pratt of Buffalo in 185.5; was alderman in Buffalo, 1862-66: was appointed collector of internal revenue by President Johnson in 1866 ; was elec- ted comptroller of the state of New York in 1871, and was re-elected in 1873 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1S46. . . 41 W HORNADAY, WILLIAM T. : resides in New York city ; was born near Plainfield, Ind., December 1, 1854; attended the public schools of Knoxville, Iowa, Oska- loo.sa (Iowa) College, and the Iowa Agri- cultural College ; studied zoology, taxi- dermy, and muscology in Rochester and in various European museums ; traveled extensively from 1875 to 1879, visiting the W'est Indies, South America, and the Far East, making zoological collections ; mar- ried Josephine Chamberlain of Battle Creek, Mich., September 11, 1879; was made chief taxidermist of the United States National Museum in 1882 ; proposed the establishment and prepared the plans of the National Zoological Park at Washington in 1888 ; was engaged in the real-estate busi- ness in Buffalo"^ 1890-96 ; in March, 1896, was apppointed director of the New York Zoological Park, and has since been en- gaged in preparing plans for its develop- ment 43 W HORNBLOWER, WILLIAM B. ; resides in New York city; was born at Paterson, N. J., May 13, 1851 ; graduated from Princeton College in 1871, and from Columbia Law School in 1875 ; was clerk in a New York city law office, 1875-77 ; married Susie C. Sanford of New Haven, Conn., April 26, 1882, and Mrs. Emily Sanford Nelson, sister of his first wife, Jan- uary 31, 1894 ; was nominated for justice of the Supreme Court in 1893 : has prac- ticed law in New York city since 1875. 21 M HOTCHKISS, WILLIAM H.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Whitehall, Washing- ton county, N. Y., September 7, 1864; was educated at Glidden's Cla.ssical School, Jamestown, N. Y., and Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y., from which he graduated in 1886 ; was clerk of the Surrogate's Court of Cayuga county, 1887-89 ; was admitted to the bar in 1888; married Katherine Tremaine Bush of Buffalo April 25, 1895 ; was elected president of the Independent Club in 1897 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1891 159 W HOWARD, ETHAN H.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Boston, Erie county, N. Y., February 13, 1812; was a clerk in the Buffalo post office, 1827-28, and in a dry- goods store, 1830-36 ; married Mary E. Rumsey of Stafford, N. Y., October 24, 1842, and Caroline H. Cogswell of Peter- borough, N. H., September 1, 1846; engaged in the dry-goods business at Buf- falo, 1836-65 ; was treasurer of the Courier Company, Buffalo, 1868-69 ; has occupied positions of trust in various corporations in Buffalo and vicinity since 1870. . . . 397 W HOWARD, FREDERICK ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at East Aurora, N. Y. , September 12, 1855 ; was educated in the district schools of Elma and at Aurora Academy; moved to Buffalo in 1874, and began the study of law in 1875 ; was admit- ted to the bar in 1878 ; married Harriet Elizabeth Mabie of Buffalo October 25, 1881 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1878 252 W HOWARD, HENRY C: resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo September 20, 1847 ; was educated in public and private schools ; married Jennie Matilda Jewett of Buffalo January 4, 1869 ; has devoted himself to various business enterprises and to the care of the family estate since 1865; has been president of the Bank of Niagara, Niagara Falls, since 1882 398 W HOWARD, WESLEY O.; resides in Troy ; was born at Troy September 11, 1 863 ; was educated in the common schools of C.rafton, N. Y., and at Lansingburgh, 32 SVXOPT/CAL fXPEX— Conftnu>t/ ( N. Y. ) Academy; taught school, 1XM2- «() ; marrkil Carrie A. Millias of Crafton October 1, 1«X4 ; was admitted to the lar in l«H!t; was elected tiistriil attorney of Rensselaer county in November, IHJKi ; has ijracticed law in Troy since October 1, IHM 23 K HOWK, JOHN B.; resides in Rochester; was born at Itica, N. Y., March 21, 1«59 : was e2 ; attended public schools ; was a clerk for a firm of Wall-street bro- kers, 18()0-75 ; married Sara K. Kierstede of Scranton, Penn., June 8, 1870 ; was governor of the New York Stock Exchange in 1891 and in 1890 ; has carried on a stock -brokerage business in New York since 187') 4.S M HUFF, JAMES B. ; resides in Tonawanda : was born at Tonawanda August 14, 18.")7 ; was educated in the public schools : nwr- ried luta L. Ixing of Tonawanda Decem- ber 21, 1^81 ; has served as clerk of the village of Tonawanda, village treasurer, and village trustee ; was electetl president of the village in March, 1897 ; has carried on a wholesale lumber business at Tona- wanda since 1892 41h^\\ HIC.HES, JOHN ; resides in Buffalo; was i)orn at Dunmorc, Kilkenny county, Ire- land, about 1X42 ; came to the United States and settled in Buffalo in 18o2 : was educated in the public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College ; married Mary Duffev of Buffalo luly 10, 1X04, and Eli/al)eth I.'ovett of Buffalo May 8, 1883 ; has been engaged in the live-stock commis- sion business since 18(i0 21') W HUOHSON, C;E(mc;E H.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Oowanda, Erie county, N. Y., August 1, 1834 ; was educated in the public schools, and in the Normal School at Fredonia, N. Y. ; moved to Buf- falo in 18r)0, and has been actively engaged in various commercial pursuits there ; mar- ried Helen McLeroth of Chicago April 8, 1858, and Mrs. Juliet Fergu.son of Buffalo March 30, 1892 ; has been engaged in the fire-insurance business at Buffalo since 1885 254 W HULIilTE, FRANK. P.: resides in Ar- cade ; was born at .Mford, Mass., March 31, 1803; attended various prejkiratory schools. Trinity College, Hartford, Conn., and Albany I^w School ; worked on differ- ent newsjapers in large cities, 1880-82 ; was editor and manager of the Dunkirk A.-r///«^' 0/>.u'iTci; I88'i-H5 ; married Fran- ces Ibbotson Wright of Boston .\|)ril 7, 1890; was Democratic candidate for state senator in 1 895, ami for member of congress in 1890 ; has been editor and publisher of the Uyiwiing Count}' Leadfr, at Arcade, N. Y., since 1885, and of the Tonawanda ^/;i;//i- since October, 1897 4x O HULL, JOHN M.: resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo December Iti, 1858; attended Buffalo public schools and Cook \i.iiliiin II.i\:iii.i, N Y., and graduated SV.VOPr/CA/. IXDEX— ConHnufd 33 from the University of Rochester in 1882 ; was admitted to the bar in 1884; was attorney for the Erie-county board of supervisors, 1894-07 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1884. 44:! W HULTGREN, CARL OTTO ; resides in- Jamestow'n ; was born at Hvena, Sweden, December 25, 1832 ; came to the United States in 1853 ; vva-s educated at Illinois State University, Springfield, 111., and at Augustana College and Seminary, Paxlon, 111., from which he graduated in 18(i4 ; married Annie Truedson at Clalesburg, 111., lune 0, LSOfi ; was pastor of the First Swe- dish Lutheran Church, Jamestown, 18fi4- 95 ; has been president of the board of directors of the Gustavus Adoljjhus Or- phans' Home, Jamestown, since its organi- zation in 1883 3(i2 W HUMPHREY, JOHN W., Jr.; resides in Jamestown ; was born at New Britain, Conn., December 5, 1846; was educated in various preparatory schools and at Beloit College, Beloit, Wis.; was an operator in oil and coal in Pennsylvania, 1868-72 ; married Mary E. Irwin of Erie, Penn., October 31, 1872 ; engaged in the hotel business at Bradford, Penn., 1877-82 ; purchased the Humphrey House at James- town March 1, 1883, and has conducted the same since 128 W HUMPHREY, WOLCOTT J.; resided in Warsaw; was born at Canton, Conn., November 11, 1817 ; was educated in com- mon schools ; engaged in mercantile busi- ness in Wyoming county, N. Y., and at Bloomington, 111., 1840-64, and in the tanning business at Warsaw, 1864—69 ; married Amanda B. Martindale of Dorset, Vt., March 30, 1841, and Hannah Adams of Parma, N. Y. , July 8, 1874; was presi- dent of the Wyoming County National Bank of Warsaw, 1871-90 ; died at War- saw January 19, 1890 21 D HUNTLEY, CHARLES R.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Winfield, N. Y., Oc- tober 12, 1854 ; graduated from Utica Academy in 1870 ; was engaged in the hardware business and with Remington & Sons, Ilion, N. Y., 1870-77 : married Ida L. Richardson of Buffalo June 12, 1878 ; was agent of the Standard Oil Co. in Penn- sylvania, 1877-83; conducted a brokerage business at Bradford, Penn., 1883-88 ; has been connected with the Buffalo General Electric Co. and its predecessors since 1888 ; was appointed a park commissioner of Buffalo in 1896 160 W HURD, CLARKW.; resided in Elma ; was born at Ro.xbury, Conn., September 17, 180() ; went to western New York in 1821, and engaged in the lumber business; mar- ried Dulcena E. Clark of Halifa.x, Conn., in 1836 ; died at Elma, Erie countv, N. Y., January 6, 1894 ' 23 D HURD, HARVEY J.: resides in Elma ; was born at Elma I''ebruary 28, 1849 ; was edu- cated at Buffalo Academy and at Cornell L^niversity, from which he graduated in 1872 ; was a member of the New York legislature, 1878-81 ; has been engaged in the lumiier business in Buffalo since 1880. 44 W HUTCHINS, HORACE S.; resides in Ba- tavia ; was born at Manlius, N. Y., Janu- ary 5, 1829; attended Hamilton (N. Y. ) Academy, and graduated from Madison University, Hamilton, N. Y.; taught school, 1847-50 ; went West in 1853, and lived for three years at Nevada City, Cal.; married Harriet M. Babcock of George- town, N. Y., September 2, 1857 ; gradu- ated from the New York Homeopathic Medical College in 1861, and has prac- ticed medicine in Batavia since. ... 20 G HUTCHINSON, E. H.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo March 7, 1852 ; atten- ded various public and private schools ; married Jeanie Blanche Ganson of Buffalo September 25, 1872 ; was alderman from the old 10th ward, 1888-89; w^as appoin- ted a fire commissioner February 24, 1891, resigning October 3, 1893. .... 45 W INGALLS, CHARLES R.; resides in Troy ; was born at Greenwdch, N. Y. , September 14, 1819 ; w-as admitted to the bar in 1844 ; practiced law at Greenwich, 1844- 60, and at Troy, 1860-63 ; married Mar- garet L. Marvin of Troy November 3, 1880 ; was justice of the New York .state Supreme Court, 1863-89 51 E IRISH, WILLIAM M.: resides in Olean ; was born at Fairhaven, Mass., July 3, 1829 ; attended district schools in early youth ; was clerk in a grocery, 1842-53 ; married Sarah Jane Dunham of Fairhaven December 11, 1851 ; was a customhouse clerk, 1853-61 ; was superintendent of oil concerns, 1861-65 ; was treasurer and su- perintendent of Wamsutta Oil Co., McClin- tockville, Penn., 1865-72, and of Octave Oil Co., 1872-76; has lived at Olean since 1880 as manager of the Acme Oil Works 107 W 34 SVXOPr/C.U. /XI'K.X— Couliiiiu:/ lACKSON, JAMKS H.; resides in Dans \ illc ; was born at l'ctcrlK>roiinh, Madison toiinty, N. v., June 11, 1H4I ; was edu- cated at the Dansville Seminary ; was liusiness niiinager of his father's sanatorium at Dansville, lH(il-7.S ; married Kale John- son of Sturl)ridnc, Mass., September 18, lMi;4 : graduated from the Hcllevue Hos- pital Mediial College, New York < ity, in l«7l> ; has been at the head of the Jack- son Sanatorium, Dansville, since 1M7<». . \'l (i JACKSON, Wll.l.lAM H.: resides in Hol- land ; was l)orn at Holland, Erie county, March 20, 1858 ; attended district and select schools ; was clerk in a coimtry store, 1H74-70 ; married M. Zina Vaughan of Holland January 12, IHMl ; was town 1 lerk in IHHd, overseer of highways, 1HM7, 1H8H, and 1H'.I4, and [wstmastcr of Hol- land, 188!Mt.'l ; became a member of the Erie-county board of supervisors in 18!).j ; has conducted a general store at Holland since 187<»; has been |)resident of the Bank of Holland since its organiza- tion in lHublic schools ; learned the printer's trade in 1868, and worked at the .same in various places, 1868-76 ; married ICmma Hogan of Syracuse June 11, 1874 ; established the Syracuse F.veniit:^ Heralii '\n 1877, and has been ]>resident and general manager of the Herald Company since 1878 70 E JENKS, WILLIAM E.; resides in Norwich: was born at Burlington, N. Y., August 29, 1831 ; was educated in public and pri- vate schools ; taught school and studied law, and »a.s admitted to the l>ar in 1853 ; married Eli/a Maiterson of Burlington No- vember 1(», 1X54 ; pra( tiled law in Eriend- ship, N. Y.. 1K53-55, and in .New Berlin, N. Y., 1M55-75 ; was cotmty judge of Chenango county, 1878-89 : hxs practiced law at .Norwich since 1875 >< C lEWELL, J. R.; resides in Glean ; was born at .Machia.s, N. Y., .\pril 15, D<42 ; was educated in the district .schools and in Rushford and .Arcade academies ; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1«67 ; married Julia E. lumper of Conewango, N. Y., September 5, 1870; practiced law in Little Yalley, N. Y., lH(i7-73 ; was nominated for district attorney of Cattar- augus county in 1873; was a|)|K)inted L'nited States agent for the New S'ork In- dians August 26, 1894 ; has practiced law in Olean since 1873 12;i W JEWEir, EDC.AR B.: resides in Buffalo; was born at .\nn Arbor, Mich., December 14, 1843; was educated in the Buffalo piiblic .schools ; married Elizabeth Eoster Danforth of .\nn .\rbor October 3, 18(i5 ; was ap|)ointed commissioner of police of Buffalo .March 1, IM'U, and elected mayor of the city in November of the same year for the term l«95-97 ; has been |)resident and general manager of the John C. Jewett Mfg. Co. since January 1, 1885, having been connected with the same since 18(50. 255 W JEWETT, J(JHN C: resides in California; was born at Moravia, N. Y., Eebruary 2, 1820; attended district schools; married I'riscilla Boardman of .Ann .Arbor, Mich.. Eebruary 2, 1843 ; engaged in business in Michigan, 1x37-49; established in Buf falo in 1H49 the business afterwards styled the John C. Jewett Mfg. Co., and at tively carried on the same until 18X5 ; has lived a retired life in southern California since 1888 373 W JEWETT, SHERMAN S.; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at Moravia, N. Y., January 17, 1818 ; was educated in district schools and at Kingsley's High School in Buffalo ; went to Buffalo in 1834, and began work in a foundry ; married Del>orah Dusenberry of Buffalo .August 14, 1X39; was a mem- ber of the common council, 1845, 184(i, and 1848; was park commi.ssioner from the organization of the l>oard in 1X71, and president of the board from 1X79 until his death ; carried on the foundry business, alone or in lartnership, from 1836 ; died February 2X, 1897 2 Hi W -V VJVOP TIC A I. INDEX Coil /in lied 35 JOHNSON, I. SAM ; resides in Warsaw ; was born at Centerfield, N. Y., October 28, 1840 ; moved to Warsaw in 1850 ; was educated in common schools, and in (iene- see Wesleyan Seminary, Lima, N. Y. ; served in the Union army, 18(52-64 ; was admitted to the bar in May, 181)4; mar- ried Mary E. McFarland of 'I'winsburg, ()., May 5, 1865 ; was elected district attorney of Wyoming county in 187(), and served three terms ; was member of assembly, 1890-91, and of the state constitutional convention in 1894; has practiced law at Warsaw since 1876 21 (1 JONES, HADLEY ; resides in Little Falls ; was born at Danube, N. Y., November 12. 1857 ; was educated at Little Falls Acad- emy ; graduated from the Ali)any Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1880; practiced law at Herkimer, N. Y., 1880-82 ; married Emily E. Neff of Phila- delphia June 2, 1897 ; has practiced law at Little Falls since 1882 98 E JUDSON, JOHN B.; resides in Gloversville ; was born at Kingsborough ( now Glovers- ville), N. Y., August 20, 1861 ; was edu- cated at Kingsborough Academy and Wil- liston ( Mass. ) Seminary ; married Isabelle Stewart of Johnstown, N. Y., September 19, 1882; was secretary of the F'ulton- county Democratic committee, 1890-94, and chairman of the same committee, 1894-97 ; was secretary of the Democratic state committee in 1894, 1896, and 1897 ; was a candidate for the office of state comp- troller in 1S95 ; has carried on a job-print- ing office at (iloversville since lf<77. 80 E KAUFMAN, WILIJAM H.; resides in Amsterdam ; was horn at Hagenburg, Germany, October 6, 1855; was educated in German schools : came to the United States in 1872 ; was employed as a confec- tioner and caterer in Washington, D. G., and elsewhere, 1872-84 ; married Minnie Rietz of Amsterdam May 8, 1883 ; was an alderman of Amsterdam, 1894—96, and mayor of the city in 1897 ; has conducted a confectionery and catering establishment in Amsterdam since 1884 99 Y. KEACH, GALVIN Fl; resides in Lansing- burgh ; was born at Hoosick, N. Y., Octo- ber 2, 1844 ; was educated in common schools and Ball's Academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1868 ; mar- ried Alice M. Waite of Waterford, N. Y., .\pril 30, 1868 ; practiced law at Hoosick Falls, N. Y., 1868-69 and 1874-78; has practiced law at Lansingburgh since 1878. 35 E KEGK, JEREMIAH ; resides in Johnstown ; was born in the town of Johnstown Novem- ber 9, 1845 ; was educated at Glinton Lib- eral Institute and Whitestown Seminary ; served in the LTnion army during the Pen- insular cam])aign in Virginia; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1869 ; mar- ried Jennie A. Kibbe of Johnstown June 10, 1874, who died in October, 188.S ; married Sara R. Riggs of Detroit, Mich., in November, 1890 ; practiced law in Johnstown, 1869-83 ; was district attorney of Fulton county, 1875-80 ; has lieen county judge and surrogate of Fulton county since January 1, 1884. ... .si E KELDERHOUSE, JOHN; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Bethlehem, N. Y., March 18, 1823; moved to Buffalo in 1832, and was educated in the common schools there ; began business as a wood merchant in Buf- falo in 1845 ; married Jane FHizabeth Goatsworth of Buffalo June 9, 1874 ; has been engaged in lake commerce, as ship builder and owner, since 1.S61. . 307 \\' KELLY, FAYET'l'E ; resides in Hamburg ; was born at Boston, N. Y., June 5, 1849 ; graduated from .Aurora Academy in 1872, and from Hamilton Gollege, Glinton, N. Y., in 1876; taught school, 1876-83; was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; married Katherine B. Keyes of Hamburg .\ugust 4, 1886 ; has practiced law at Hamburg since 1884, and at Buffalo since 1890; has been a member of the Erie-county board of supervisors since 1890. . . . 374 W KENDALL, FREDERIGK ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Darien, N. Y., January 6, 1825 ; attended district schools ; went to Buffalo in 1847 ; engaged in business in Detroit, 1849-51 ; returned to Buffalo in 1851, and engaged in various mercantile pursuits ; married Elsey L. Saunders at Buffalo March 23, 1854; was supervisor of the old 2d ward of Buffalo, 1877-78 and 1881-84, and alderman of the same ward, 1887-88 ; has been a member of the Buffalo grade-crossing commission since its creation in 1888 256 W KENEFIGK, DANIEL J.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo October 15, 1863 ; was educated in the ])ublic .schools of the city, and graduated from the high school in 1881 ; was admitted to the bar in 1884 ; married Maysie Germain of Buffalo June 30, 1891 ; was second a.ssistant dis- trict attorney of Erie county, 1887-92, :in SyXOPT/CA/. /XnEX— Conlinuftt and first assistant distrii t attorncv, l.sit.'t- !I4 ; was elated district attorney in 1H!H, and re-cletted in lS!t7 -'•> I \\ KINNKAk, I'KIKk; resides in .Mlan> ; was born in Forfarshire, Scotland, April 24, IH'ili : was educated in Siotland, and learned the machinist's trade there ; came to the liiited States in 1M47 ; married Annie (lilihrist of Hamilton, Ont., Sep- tember 11, 1M4!I : worked at his trade in AllKiny, lH41l-7tl ; wassii])ervisor from the "Hh ward, AUany, l«75-7li, and commis- sioner of public buildings, lH91-y.S ; has carried on the business of a brass founder and finisher at Albany since 1K7<>, and has been largely engaged in other t ommen iai enterjirises . ."i^ 1'^ KISSI:LHL"R(;H,U11.L1AME., Jk.; resides in Htiffalo ; was born at Troy, N. V'., Jan- uary 2H, 1M.")0; graduated from the 'I'roy High School in 1M7."), and from the Albany \a\s School in 1«H'2; married Helen l^ura Kilfoile of Troy May 12, IHHO ; was admitted to the bar in lHJ<:i ; ])racticed law in Troy, iMHo-XIl ; was deputy attor- ney-general of New York state, lH!t4-!l7 : has practiced law in HufTalo since IHH!). .-ilMl W KI.INCK, CHRISTIAN ; resides in Buffalo : was born in the Bavarian village of Schon- enburg, (lermany, February (!, 1><."};{ ; came to America and settled in Buffalo in 1850 ; established a ])ork-|)acking business in IKtiX; was alilennan from the l-'Jth war-'.I7 47 W KNIC.H r, FRASTUS C; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Buffalo March 1, lMr)7: altentled the public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College ; engaged in the produce commission business with Wil- liam C. Lennox, 1M80-H7 ; married Mary Flizabeth fowles of Buffalo May 14, l«Hli established a real-estate business in 18S7, anil formed a partnership with Oliver A. lenkins in 1H1I2; was elected supervisor of the old Uth ward of Buffalo in 1KH9. and was re-elected in the new 24th ward in 1h;»1 and 1X!(.'{, serving as chairman of the board in 1H!)4 ; was elected comijtrol- ler of the city of BulTalo in November. 1H!I4, and re-elected in 1897. . . . 4H W KNIIM', CHARl,i:S H.; resides in Klmira ; was born at Corning, N. Y., .Xugust 7, IK.^8 ; was educated in district schools and in Corning F'rce Academy ; studied law in the .Mbany I.aw School, and was .ulmitted to the bar in May, 1X83; mar- ried Jennie I.. Walker of Flmira .\pril 11, 1M!»:{; was elected district attorney of C"hemung i ounty in lX!t2, and was re-elec- ted in 1X95 ; has prat ticed law in Flmira since 1883 24 C KOFHI.FR, THFOnORF ; resides in Long Island City ; was born in Srhleswig-Hol- stein, (iermany, July .'!(», lx5r) ; was edu- cated in Cierman .schools ; was employed in a busine.ss house in Liibeck, 1871-71> ; came to the I'nited States in 1K7(!, and has engaged in various business enterprises ; was supervisor from Long Island City, 1X9.S-94 ; was elected to the state senate in 1XVI5 ()9 M KOFRNFR, HFRMAN T.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Brooklyn November 9, 1X55 ; was educated in the jiublic schools of that city ; moved to Buffalo in May, lX7(i, to take a position as lithograi)her in the establishment of Cosack & Co.; has been a member of the firm now styled Koerner iV Hayes since .August, IXXl. . 217 \^ K()SrF:R, JOHNS.; resides in Lyon Falls; was born at Lee, Mass., June 21, 1X41 ; was educated in |)ublic .schools ; worked in a paper mill at I'almer, .Mass., lX5X-{il ; served in the Union army, lX(il-()4; was employed in the ])Ost office at Boston, lX(i5-72; married Mary L. Rinzey of .New York city .\pril (i, 18(;5 ; was engaged in the manufacture of ])a|>er in New Hamp- shire and .Nova Scotia, lX72-7ti; was elected to the state assembly in 1X95 and re-elected in ISlMi ; has been superinten- dent of the Herkimer Paper Co. at Lyon Falls since 1X7() •'!'! F K.RAUSS, WILLIAM C; resides in BulTalo ; was born at .\ttica, N. Y., October 15. 18(J.3 ; graduated from Cornell University in 1884, and from Bellevue Hospital Mcdi cal College, .New York city, in 188(i ; studied in European universities, 188(5-89 ; marrietl Clara Krieger of Salamanca, N. Y., Sejitember 4, 1X9(1; was ele< ted president of the Central New \ork Medical .As.socia- tion in October, 1X97 ; has practiced in Buffalo since 1X9(1, confining his work to diseases of the mind and nervous system ; has been profes.sor in Niagara University since 1891 285 W KRUM, HOBART; resides in Schoharie; was born in the town of Fulton, Schoharie county, N. Y., January 12, iX.'i.J ; was educated in district and select schools, and SY.XOPTJCAI. lADE.X^ Contiiiiiai Union P'ree School, Chicopee Falls, Mass. ; was admitted to the bar in 1855 ; married Frances Amelia Washburn of Fort Edward, N. Y., February 2(i, 18(58 ; was a delegate to the state constitutional convention oi 1867, and to the Republican national con- ventions of 1884, 1888, and 1892 ; was elected state senator in November, 1895; has practiced law in Schoharie since 1857. 53 E LAMBERT, JOHN S.; resides in Fredonia ; was born at Johnsonville, N. Y., F'ebruary 4, 1851 ; was educated at Greenwich (N. Y. ) Academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1877 ; practiced law at Mayville, N. Y., 1877-78, and at Fredonia, 1878-89 ; married Winnifred Phillips of Cassadaga, N. Y., August 19, 1891 ; was a member of the Chautauqua- county board of supervisors, 1880-81, and county judge of Chautauijua county, 1882- 89 ; has been a justice of the Supreme Court of New York state since lanuarv 1, 1890 " . . ' . 435 W L'AMOREAUX, JESSE S.; resides in Balls- ton Spa; was born at Wilton, N. Y., De- cember 11, 1837 ; was educated at Fort Edward Collegiate institute ; married Ellen 5. Holbrook of Ballston Spa June 8, 18(15 ; was county judge of Saratoga county, 1883-88 : has been vice president of the F'irst National Bank of Ballston Spa since 1880; has practiced law at Ballston Spa since 1858 71 E LAMY, CHARLES; resides in Buffalo; was born at East Eden, Erie county, N. Y., May 7, 1849 ; was educated in the district schools ; went to work in a grocery in Buffalo when a boy, and commenced business for himself May 1, 1874, as a grocer ; married Magdalena Urban June 10, 1875, and Clara B. Demeyer June 10, 1885 ; was president of the Magnus Beck Brewing Co. for nearly four years, retiring from the company in 1895 ; was elected to the state senate as a Republican in 1893, and was re-elected in 1895. . . 257 W LAMY, GEORGE H.; resides in Buffalo; was born at East Eden, Erie county, N. Y., March 19, 1846; attended district schools and Springville Academy ; went to Buffalo in 1862, and engaged in lake traffic, 1863-71 ; w'as chief keeper at the House of Correction, Chicago, 1871-79 ; married Lana C. Keller of North Boston, N. Y., .\pril 1(), 1874 ; was appointed office dep- uty by the sheriff of Erie county in 1880, and under sheriff in 1886 ; was sheriff of Erie county, 1895-97 219 W LANG, GERHARD; resided in Buffalo; was born at Flersheim, (jermany, Novem- ber 24, 1834 ; came to the United States in 1848 and settled in Buffalo ; learned the butcher's trade and worked at the same, 1848-60 ; married Barbara Born of Buffalo in 1867, ami Augusta Gerhardt in 1890; conducted a brewerv at Buffalo from 1867 until his death July'll, 1892. . . . 38 D LANSING, JAMES ; resides in Troy ; was born at Decatur, Otsego county, N. Y., May 9, 1834; became a clerk in his fath- er's store in 1846 ; attended school, taught, and read law, 1850-64 ; married Sarah A. Richardson of Poultney, Vt., July 4, 1857 ; graduated from the Albany Law School in 1864, and was admitted to the bar ; was surrogate of Rensselaer county, 1890-95 ; has practiced law in Troy since 1866 72 E LARKIN, JOHN D.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo September 29, 1845 ; was educated in Buffalo public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College; was emj)loyed in a wholesale millinery store in Buffalo, 1857-61 ; was engaged in soap manufacture, as employee and partner, in Buffalo and Chicago, 181)2-75 ; married Frances H. Hubbard of Hudson, 111., May 10, 1874; has been the head of the busi- ness now known as the Larkin Soap Manu- facturing Co., Buffalo, since its establish- ment in 1875 430 W LASCELLES, JOHN H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Dimkirk, N. Y., March 3, 1856; attended the public schools of Dunkirk ; was elected cashier of the Mer- chants' National Bank of Dunkirk in 1882 ; married Annie Moran of Buffalo on Thanks- giving Day, 1885 ; was elected assistant cashier of the Marine Bank of Buffalo in 1892 ; has been cashier of the same bank since 1893 49 W LATHROP, AUSTIN; resides in Corning; was born at Covington, Penn., April 9, 1839; was educated in common schools; engaged in business at Williamsport, Penn. , 1855-57, and at Lawrenceville, Penn., 1857-59 ; was president of the village of Corning, 1866-67, and supervisor of the town of Corning, 18()9-78 ; married Mrs. Emma F. Wellington of New York city November 11, 1893 ; has been superinten- dent of state prisons in New York state since 1887; has engaged in the hardware and lumber business in Corning, and in railroad and public-works contracting, since 1859 9 C 38 .V ) :V( ) /• 7/( •.-/ /. /.\/>/:.\ — C on fin 11,;/ LATIIMKR. C.KORC.K K.: resides in Buf- falo : was Worn ;U Huffalo June lit, lH(i4 ; wxs ciliK atcil in ihc Huflalo |)iil>lic schools ; enjjaneil in a j;cncral tartinj^ Imsiness in hulTalo, 1MM(>-Hti; married Annie Jones of HiilTalo DcieniLer Id. IHIMI; h;Ls' I.een a niemlier of the firm of drattan & lattimer, j;eneral freight »ontra<•")(! ; was educated in the dis- trict schools of I'^rie and Niagara counties, and in I,ocki>ort Inion School ; was admit- ted to the l)ar in IHKI ; was elected state senator in 1H«7, and re-elected in IHMit ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1!S81. oO W LAWRKNCK, ABRAM B. ; resides in War- saw ; was liorn at Warsaw May IX, iH'.iA : was in business in Buffalo, 1H.34— ')<>, and in Niagara Falls, N. V., iKofj-oX ; mar- ried lilizabeth Faulkner of Wheatland, N. Y., March 2(j, 1857; was in business in Warsaw, 185H-(;2; with associates, built and operated the Warsaw Clas Light Co., 18.")!l-()2 : served in the Union army, l«(i2-(it); engaged in slate mining and nianufa<:turing in Canada, IKdT-TO, and in the lumber business in Buffalo, 1M7()-71 ; has lived at Warsaw since 1H71, engaged in mercantile pursuits and in public affairs. H'2 (1 I-KTCHWORIM, WII.I.IAM P.; resides in Buffalo ; was l)orn at Brownville, Jefferson coimty, N. Y., May 2(), 1H2.{ ; engaged in manufacturing in Buffalo, 1848-t)!» ; was ap|)ointed a member of the state board of 1 harities in .April, 1H7-'?, vice president in June, 1«74, and |)resident in Man h, 1H7«, holding the office until he resigned in 1N!(7 ; »vas president of the National Con- ference of Charities, September, IHH.S ; rei eived the degree of Doctor of l^ws from the University of New York, "for distinguished service to the state," !•'■'. rn arv », lM!i:{ Iiij W I.KWIS. (W;()R(;K I..; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo .May :i\, 1X")7 ; gradu- ateil from Yale College in 1K7!(; was admitted to the l>ar in IHHl ; married Nel- lie .\ugusta Sweet of Buffalo May 81, 1MX;{ ; has praitited law in Buffalo since IXHl' -.'.".s W l.i;WIS, I.OKAN 1,.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at .Mentz, Ca\uga county, N. Y., .May !t, ]H2.') ; moved to Buffalo in the fall uf iH4H ; was admitted to the bar in 1«48 ; married Charlotte I-;. I'ierson of Flasi .Aurora, N. Y., June 1, 1H.')2 ; was elected state senator from the Krie-county district in lH(i9, and was re-elected in 1871 ; was elected judge of the Supreme Court in the Hth judicial district in 1«82, and served until Ixit."), when he retired by limitation of age. .")1 \\ I.FWIS, Sl.MKDN D.: resides in Warsaw; was born at Orangeville, N. Y., September 8, 1880; was educated in the i)ublic schools and at (ienesee and Wyoming Semi- nary, .Alexander, N. Y.; married Sarah L. Canfield of .Alexander .August 2, 1858 ; taught school at .Alexander and at Warsaw, 1852-55 ; was treasurer of Wyoming county, 1875-!t2 ; has been engaged in mercantile business at Warsaw since 1850. 28 Ci LINCOLN, CHARI.i:S /..: resides in Little Yalley ; was born at Crafion, \'t., .August 5, 1848; was educated in the common schools and at Chamberlain Institute, Ran- dolph, N. Y. ; married Lusette Bonsieel of Last Otto, N. Y., November 12, 1874; was a member from the 82d senatorial dis- trict of the state constitutional convention in 18!(4; was apjiointed chairman of the commission of statutory revision and gov- ernor's confidential legal adviser, by (lov- ernor Morton, January 2, 18!»5, and reaj)- pointed by (lovcrnor Black in 18117 ; was appointed chairman of the commission to revise the New York code of civil proced- ure June 15, 18!l5 ; has i)racticed law at Little Valley since 1874 KIK W LiriKLL, HARDIN HKTH ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Corydon, Harrison county, Ind., .August 5, 1845 ; attended country schools until the age of twelve; married Nellie Burton Oreen of Ix)gans- port, Ind., .April 2;inicnt, New N'ork xoliinteers, in IMCJ, and sencd until the (lose of the war ; \va.s a nieml>er of the 74th regiment, N. (I., S. N. v., 1X1)7-74 ; married Kate Kappler of UiitTalu |)e; ha.s liecn a memlier of the firm of John l.yth iV Sons sinte |H(;((; was elected president of the HiiiUlers' Kxchangc, Buf- falo, in IHilti; was elected senior vice commander in chief of the (Irand Army of the Republic at the National Kncanip- ment held in l?iimilo in l«!t7. . . . L'.">!l W McCAId., JOHN A.; resides in New \ ork city ; was born at All>any March 2, 1H4!I : was cflucated in public schools aiul a busi- ness college ; was a clerk in Albany offices, l«(i7-(>!*: marrieil Mary I. Haran of Al- liany July VI, l.S7(); was connected with the insurance de|wrtment of New York state, lx(>'.l->iti, and its superintendent for the hist three years : was comptroller of the l%i|uitable Life Assurance Society of New York city, lXX(j-92; has been presi- dent of the New York Life Insurance Co. since l«!t2 \:\ \\ MtCANN, JOHN A.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Hatavia, N. Y., September II, 1850 ; was educated in public schools and a business college ; engaged in mercantile ])ursuits, lH(it)-7!) ; became jart owner and editor of the Chaulaui/ua Lake Ga'elte in |H7!l, an^i^b. . . 260 W McCOOK, ANSON (;.; resides in New York city ; was born at Steubenville, ()., October 10, 1h;5.'); was edu-7X ; practiced law successively at Dunkirk, .■\li>any, Buffalo, and New \'ork city, 1X7(I-X1 ; was a dele- gate at large to the constitutional conven- tion of 1X!»4 ; has pra( ticed law in .Mbanv since IXXl ' 24 K .McKWHN, JOHN; resides in Wellsville ; was born at New York city April 21, 1X4!I ; moved to Wellsville, .Allegany county, in 1X04 ; married Emma .Mger October .30, 1X79 ; began business as a manufacturer of machinery at Wellsville in lX(jX, and has (ontinuecl the same since .S3o W McC.ERALD, SAMUEL ; re.sides in BufTalo ; was born in County Antrim, Ireland, June 2(1, 1X83 ; was educated at Cenesee Wes- leyan Seminary, Lima, N. \ ., and Roches- ter Collegiate Institute ; married lumice .Ada Durand of Canandaigua, N. Y., Aug- ust 19, 1X.")X ; entered the ministry in 18.5fj, and held various pastorates in New York state until 1885: was a delegate to the General Conference of the Methodist Ejiis- cojwl church in IXXX and 1X92 ; has been editor and owner of the Buffalo Christian Advocate, now the Christian Uplook, since 1X85 347 W McKEEA'ER, ROBERT lOWNSEND ; re- sides in (lloversville ; was born at l.ake Mahopac, N. Y., July 20, 1X()() ; was edu- cated at St. John's School, Sing .Sing, N. Y.; was a clerk in a New York house, 1S85-88; was connected with various railroads. East and West, 1888-93 ; married Frances Converse Webb of New York city at Shelburne, Vt., October 7, 1X93; has been director and general manager of the Fonda, Johnstown iV Cloversville rail- road, with headipiarlers at Cloversville, since 1893 X4 E SYXOPI/CAI. /X/>/:\ I iintiniuil 41 McKENZIE, JOHN M,; resides in liatavia ; was born at Lockport, N. Y., September 13, 1846 ; was educated in Wisconsin ; married Mary E. Storms of Elba, N. Y. , January 15, 1867 ; engaged in farming at Elba, 1867-71 ; was employed as clerk in Batavia, 1871-81 ; was elected memlier of assembly in 1888 and 1889; has con- ducted a clothing and furnishing store in Batavia since 1881 24 (J McKINSTRY, WlLLARl) I).; resides in Watertown ; was born at Fredonia, N. Y. , October 1, 1850; attended Fredonia Academy and Fredonia Normal School ; was editor and publisher of the Dunkirk Journal, 1872-85 ; became news editor of the Watertown Daily Times in 1886, and associate editor in 1887 ; was state civil- service commissioner, 18i(2-95; married Mary A. Lawyer of Watertown April 25, 1895 ; has been editor in chief of the Daily T/'otm since December, 1892. . 85 F^ McLEAN, ARTHUR A.; resides in New- burgh ; was born at Newburgh July 12, 1853 ; was educated at Newburgh Acad- emy ; entered his father's store in New- burgh in 1869 ; married Nannie I. Murphy of Brooklyn April 28, 1881 ; was appointed superintendent of construction of the new post office at Newburgh in 1895 ; was a delegate to the Democratic national con- vention in 1896, and was elected a mem- ber of the Democratic state committee in the same year ; has carried on the business established by his father since 1874. . 100 E McMASTER, ALEXANDER; resides in Buffalo; was born at Fort Erie, Out., October 10, 1842 ; was educated in pub- lic schools ; learned the machinist's trade at Brantford, Ont., 1858-62; married Malinda Cripps of Buffalo May 3, 1862 ; was in the employ of the King Iron Works, Buffalo, 1862-72, and of the Commercial line of steamers, 1872-83 ; was ap])ointed United States local inspector of boilers in 1883, and United States supervising inspec- tor of steam vessels in 1889 ; has been vice president of the Union Bank, Buffalo, .since 1893 348 W McMillan, DANIEL ; resided in York ; was born at Johnstown, N. Y., October 25, 1801 ; attended school at Caledonia, N. Y.; married Margaret McNaughton of Cale- donia in 1828 ; lived at York, Livingston county, N. Y., from 1812 until his death March 12, 1895 24 D M(MILLAN, DANIEL H.; resides in Buf- falo; was born at York, N. Y.; was edu- cated at Le Roy .Academy and Cornell University ; studied law in P)iiffalo, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; was state senator, 1880-87 ; was chosen alternate delegate at large to the Re|niblican national conventions of 1888, 1892, and 1896, and delegate at large to the state constitutional convention of 1894 ; married Delphia Jackson of Sandusky, N. Y. ; has ])racticed law in Buffalo since 1871 311 W .McNAUC.HTAN, D. NATHANIEL; resides in Buffalo; was born at Worcester, Mass., August 24, 18(i9 ; was educated in Auburn (N. Y. ) public schools and Weedsport (N. Y. ) Academy; worked at the shoe- maker's trade and as a bookkeeper in .\uburn, 1885-87 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1891 ; practiced law at Auburn, 1891-94; married Eliza- beth Manro of Auburn November 5, 1894 ; was managing clerk in a law office in Buf falo, 1894-96 ; ha.s practiced law in Buf- falo since Februarv, 1896 78 W McNUTT, JOSEPH G.; resides in Troy; was born at Amsterdam, N. Y., April 4, 1833 ; engaged in the fire-insurance busi- ness, 1851-58, and in teaching, 1858-61 ; served in the Union army, 1861-65 ; married Katie Rilev of Greenfield, N. Y., April 28, 1852, who died June 18, 1892 ; acted as agent and manager for a life- insurance company, 1865-87; married Mrs. Mittie E. Conant of Nassau, N. Y., March 7, 1893 ; has carried on the prose- cution of pension and other government claims since 1887, and has engaged in lecturing and public speaking ; was elected vice ])resident of the Society of the .\rmy of the Potomac August 20, 1897. MACK, NORMAN E.; resides in Buffalo; was born at West Williams, Ont., July 24, 1856 ; was clerk in a store at Pontiac, Mich., 1868-72; engaged in the adver- tising business in Detroit and Chicago, 1872-74, and in Buffalo, 1.S74-78 : mar- ried Harrette B. Taggart of Buffalo Decem- ber 22, 1891 ; established the C/taiilain/iia Lake Gazette at Jamestown, N. Y., in 1878, and the Buffalo Siiiiilav Times in 1879 ; was alternate delegate to the Demo- cratic national convention in 1892 and delegate in 1896 ; has been editor and proprietor of the Buffalo Times since its establi.shment in 1883 MACKEY, WILLIAM F.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at .Albion, N. Y., lanuarv 39 E 377 W I J .V y.U ) /'//(. .1 1. I.XDEX — Conlhiu.il .'{, 1M5H ; gradiiutcd froin l.oik|K)rt I'nion Sthool in IMTti; was atlniittcd lo the U-ir in 1M7!); married Hlla 1.. Roliin.son of (.'amhria, N. Y., November 10, 1K77 : practiced law at l.ockport, N. Y., lX7!t- M ; wa-s assistant city attorney of BufTalo, lM!in-;i:{; wa-s a.N.sistant United States attornev, l«!l.'{-!t7 : ha> pradiicd law in Hii(Tala sin.c 1.HH4 -22(1 W MAfOMHKR, WII.I.IAM; re.sidcs in Buf- falo ; was l)orn at Oakfield, N. Y., Novem- ber 4, 1X")7 : was educated in various |irei>aratory schools, and at the Tniversity of Rochester, from which he },'raduate(l iti ISM.j; was admitteil to the har at hulTaio in January, 1«H7 ; married Augusta S. Woodruff of Hamilton, N. Y., May IH, 1KM7 ; has practiced law in Huffalo since 1XS7 2(V2 W MAHANY. ROWLAND B.; resides in Buf falo : was liorn at Buffalo Se|)temlier 2«, lXt)4; was educated in the | ml )lic schools of BufTalo : studied in Hobart t'ollege two years, and graduated from Harvard I'ni- versity in ISHS ; engaged in journalism and taught school, 1H8K-92 ; was ajjpointed minister to I'kiiador in lHi(2 ; was elected representative to the ")4th congress in 1M!»4, and to the .joth in 1 «!!(). . . .nd W MAI.I.ALIKL'. WlI.l.ARl) I- ; resides in Boston : was born at Sutton, iMass., De- cember 11, 1H2?< ; was educated at various prejwratory schools and at Wesleyan Uni- versity, Nlitldletown, Conn., whence he graduated in August, lx.")7 : married Kliza F. Atkins of Sandwich, Mass., October i:i, IKoK ; had pa.storatcs of the Methodist Kpisc0[>al churi h succe.ssively at (Irafton, Chelsea, Lynn, Charlestown, Boston, and Worcester (all in Massachusetts) ; was ap- |>ointed presiding elder of the Boston dis- trict of the New Lngland Conference in .April, 1X82 ; was elected bi.shop of the Methodist Kpisco|>al church in 1MM4 ; lived in New Orleans, l.SH4-!t2, and in Buffalo, 185(2-97, when he moved to Ma.ssachu- setts 55 W MANDKVlLLi;, WILLIAM H.: resides in Olean ; was born at Millport, Chemung county, N. Y., .\ugust 15, 1X41 ; was edu- cated in the i>ubli( schools of New York city and of Belmont, N. Y., and at Rush- ford Academy ; entered the insurance busi- ness in I8(i8, in partnership with his father, at Belmont, N. Y. ; married Helen L. Kastman of Nashua, N. IL, .August 22, 1872; has been engaged in the insurance business in Olean since lX(i5. l-'il W M.ANNINt;, W. S. ; resides in .Albany ; was born at Biiltimore. Md., January 12, 18.14 ; completed his education at St. .Mary's College, Biiltimore ; was a civil engineer on theUaltimore cV Ohio railroad, 1X51- 5(!, and superintendent of the .Avalon Nail iV Iron Works, 1857-5!l ; married Maria Lmelia I'ahnestock of Baltimore January 12, 1X5X, who died in November, 1X.5X ; married Florence Mary Mayer of .New York city June Ht, IXlill ; engaged in the business of life insurance, chiefly in New York city, 185!(-8t) ; has been travel- ing agent for the Albany Chemical Co. since 188fi 25 F MARCUS, LOUIS W.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo May IX, lX(i;i: was educated in the Buffalo schools and Cornell L'niversity ; was admitted to the bar in 1888 ; married Ray R. Dahlman of Buffalo November lit, 1889 ; was elected surrogate of Krie county in November, 1895. . Iti5 W .MARCY, WILLIAM 1,.; resides in BufTalo; was born at I'etcrboro, N. Y., .August 2(i, 1858 ; was educated in the public schools of Lockport and Buffalo, graduating from the Buffalo High School in 187() ; was admitted to the bar in 1879; married Carrie Childs of Medina, N. Y., October 7, 1XX5; was assistant ilistrit I attorney of Krie countv, 18X7-9."1 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1X79 .'U-MV MARSHALL, CHARLFS I).; resides in Buffalo ; was born at BufTalo November 14, 1X41 ; was educated at ])ublic and private schools ; graduated from the .Albany l.aw School, and was admitted to the lar in lX(i4; has ))ractited law in BufTalo since lX(i4 .114 W MARTIN, CVRl'S B.; resides in Norwich; was born at .Argyle, N. Y., September (i, IX.Stl ; was educated in common schools and .Argyle .Academy ; learned the print- er's trade, and worked at the .same in Clens Falls and .Albany, 1X45-55 ; was one of the editors and jiublishers of the Chenanj^o Tele^^raph of Norwich, 1855-t)l ; married .Ann Vernette Maydole of Nor- wich June Ifi, 1858; was editor and .sole owner of the Newburgh Daily Journal, lX(>l-77 ; has engaged in manufacturing and other business enterprises in Nonvi< h since 1X77 10 C MARYIN, RICll.VRD I'.; resided in James- town ; was born at Fairfield, N. Y., De- cember 2-'?, 1X0.'? ; was educated in ])ublic s( hools and bv private tutors ; was admit- ted to the bar in lx:i!», and moved to \)".\7v/7( ■.-;/. /.\7>/c.y O'ufifiitftf 43 Jamestown ; married Isabella Newlanil of Albany September .S, IX.'U ; was member of assembly in l<«1, and presidential elector in 1)^84 ; married Mary Elizabeth Warner of |amesto\vn February 6, l.S9(» ' . . . 10!) \\' MATTESON, PRICE A.; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Darien, N. Y., January 12, 1840 ; was educated in di.strict schools and Darien Academy ; moved to Buffalo in 1855 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 : married Frances E. Brown of Buffalo May 20, 1865 ; was a member of the Erie-county board of su- pervisors in 1864, and city attorney of Buffalo, 1878-79 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1861 315 W M.ATTHEWS, GEORGE E. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at We.stfield, N. Y., March 17, 1855; prepared for college in private schools at Buffalo, and graduated from Yale College with the cla.ss of 1877 ; held various positions in the business and editorial departments of the Buffalo Ex- press, and with the printing establishment of Matthews, Northrup & Co., 1878-88; married Mary Elizabeth Burrows of Buf- falo July 12, 1887 ; has been editor of the Buffalo Express and president of the Matthews-Xorthrup Co. since January 1, 1889 356 VV MATTHEWS, J. N. ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Bungay, county of Suffolk, England, November 21, 1828; learned the printer's trade, and came to the United States in 1846 ; married Harriet Wells of Westfield, N. Y., July 24, 1851 ; was em- ployed in various printing offices in Buf- falo, 1846-60; was editor and one of the publishers of the Cotntnercial Advertiser, lX6(t-77 ; was a delegate at large to the Republican national conventions of 11^72 and lK7(i ; published the Buffalo Express from January 7, 1)S78, until his death, in- cluding a Sunday edition after November 20, 1883 ; died December 20, 1H88. . 5K D .MAYER, JOSEPH B. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Baden, Germany, January 4, 1849; graduated from the high school of Freiburg, (iermany, in 18()() : came to the United States in ISOS, an/-:X— ConlinuftI Mi;.SSi:k, IA)1 IS IRANKI.IN; resides in BiifTalo; was Ijorn at HiilTalo lelmiary 7, IXoH ; gnuluated from Columbia t'ollege in 1X«2, ami was admitted to the bar in 18«4 : organized the Krie County (luaran teed Search Co. in ISitl, and hxs lieen president thereof since ; has practiced law in Huflalo since 1HH4 2(i:{ W MlCKl.K. HKRHKRT; resides in Buffalo; was born at Cuelph, Ontario, April :5(), 1X61 : graduated from Cjiper Canada Col- lege, Toronto, in 1X77, and from Trinity Medical School, 'Toronto, in IHHI ; mar- ried Susette I.. Ross of Brooklyn July 27, 1X1)2 ; has practiced medi< ine in BulTalo since 1XX8 ; has been jjrofessor of surgery in the medical de|)artment of Niagara I'ni- versity sin ; was educated at Arcade ( N. Y. ) Acatl- emy and llriffith Institute, Springville, N. Y.; engaged in business in Delevan, N. Y., 1X72-X4, and in the railway mail service, 1X72-76 ; established a drug and grocery business at Yorkshire in 1XX2, and has carried on the same since ; married Kmma I.. Williams of Arcade, N. Y., December l!l, 1x77 ; was chairman of the board of supervisors of Cattaraugns county in lx;»4, and member of assembly from the 1st Cattaraugus-county district in IXJKi. 1X8 W MII.I.KR, CHARI.KS VV. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Buffalo January 19, 1X37 ; was superintendent of the Buffalo Street Railway Co., lX()tMi4; married Louise L. Noxon in \^i\\ ; has carried on a general coach anil livery business in Buffalo since lXti4, and has recently ex- tended his operations to Niagara Falls, Cicorgia, and T'lorida .■{7!t W MII.I.KR, KDWI.N (). S. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Buffalo March !t, lx.^4 ; was educated in common schools ; married Annie K. I.ang of Buffalo in Jime, 1XX4 ; was a Democratic presitlential elector in 1X92; has been a jartner in the firm of Urban & C"o. (roller flour mills) since 1X74, and manager of the Cerhard l.ang Brewery since 1XK4. 'u \\ MII.I.KR, I'K'TKR I'.; rcM.ics in Buffalo: was born at Buffalo November 20, lx;{7 : was educated in the public schools of the city ; learned the ma< hinist's trade, and became engineer on lake steamers ; was superintendent of the Western Transixirta- lion Co., and a director in the com|jany, lXtiO-X4; was secretary, treasurer, and managing director of the Citizens' Gas Co., lXX.->-97 221 W MII.I.KR, WARNKR : resides in Herkimer ; was born at Hannibal, Oswego county, N. Y., August 12, 1X3X; graduated from Union College in IXGO ; ser\'ed in the I'nion army, lX(il-(i2; married Caroline C. Chunhill of (llovcrsville, N. Y., July i:i, lX(i4 ; was member of assenibly, 1X75- 7(J ; was elected to the hou.se of represen- tatives in lX7Xand in 1XX(( : .served in the United States senate, 1XX1-X7 ; has been engaged in the manufacture of |iaper at Herkimer and elsewhere since IXHo. .■»4 K .Mll.I.S, I). O.; resides in New York city : was born at North Salem, N. Y., Septem- ber '), lX2r»; received an academic edu- cation ; was employed as a clerk in New York city, 1X44-47; was cashier of the Mcr( hants' Bank of Krie County, Buffalo, 1X47-4X ; engaged in general trading, banking, and mining in California, with some interru])tions, 1X49-79; marrieil lane T. Cunningham of Irvington, N. Y., Se|)tember 5, 1X54 ; has lived in New York city since 1X79, engaged largely in various kinds of philanthropic lal>or. 2."{ M MIl.NK, JOHN M.; resides in Ceneseo: was born at (Irange Hill, Scotland, March .?, 1X50; came to the United States in 1X52 ; was educated at the Brockport Normal School and the University of Rochester ; has been a teacher in the Ceneseo State Normal School since 1X72, and its ])rincii>al since 1XX9 i:{ Ci MINKR, ASHKR W. ; resided in Friend- ship ; was born at Brookfield, Madison cotmty, N. Y., December 15, 1X14: at- tended district schools : married F^lccta R. Carter of Friend.ship September 21, 1X37 ; engaged in the lumber and the oil business, and in general inerchandis- ing, in .MIegany county, 1X44-70: was a presidential elei tor in IXXX; was presi- dent of the First National Bank of PViend- shij) from 1X70 until his death May 30, ls>i2 . 54 D MISCllKA. JOSKI'H: resiilcs in Buffalo; was born at Hermanmcstec, .Austria, May X, IX4(i; came to the United States in 1X52, and settled in Buffalo: was chorus iTiaster of an oi)era troujie, lX(;X-E.X— Coitlinufd 45 Dietz of Buffalo September 5, 1 SVXOPT/CAl. /\I)K.\— Contimiat editorial stafT of the Huffalo Commerdiil Advertiser, lM(i;i-M!l ; was a|>|)ointeil canal a|i|traiser in IKXO, and rollcttor of customs for the district of Buffalo freck in 1«M!»: has been dc|iiity state coinjitroUer since January, l«!t4. ' 2li4 U MORIAKIA. l)i)rt;i.AS C; resides in Saratoga Sjirings ; was liorn at Saratoga Springs July «, lX">!t; was educated in puiilii sihools ; was a clerk in Saratoga Sjirings, lK7, and took a postgraduate course at the New \ork Polyclinic ; has l)cen dis- trict physician since IMSr), and health officer of Saratoga Springs since 1H94 : was coroner of Saratoga county, 1HH7-H!) ; married Harriet I-'ran-!)(i. .M MOTT, H0PPF:RS.; resides in New York city ; was born at New Vork city .April l!l, IH.^4 : was educated at Columt)ia Col- lege : married May l.cnox of New Vork April lit, 1875 ; lias devoted himself to the care of the family estate since 1H7.S. 75 .M MOVICS, KDWARl) H. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Vi)silanti, Mich., Octo- ber lit, 1H48; was educated in, various prejtaratory schools in this country, and graduated from the University of Heidel- berg, Cermany, in lH(>!t with the degrees of Ph. 1). and .M. .\. ; graduated from Hamilton College law school, Clinton, N. v., in 1H7H; married Mary I.overing Rumsev of Buffalo .Sejttembcr 2ti, 1H77 : was ap|)ointed receiver of the First Na- tional Bank of Buffalo in 1«H7 : was one of the board of three L'nitcd States min- eral-land commissioners in the Helena (Mont. ) land district, 189r)-J(7. . . . ^H \V MIRRAV. CHARI.FIS I>.: resides in Dun- kirk : was born at (luilford, N. ^'., May 4, \K\\ ; received a common-school edu- cation ; engaged in conmierce in San l-'ranci.sco, Ixrid—V) ; married Orpha .\. Bandfield of Hinsdale, N. V., May 20. IMlid: was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in IHCO; was president of the board of education of Dunkirk, l«75-7tland 1>, for the term lHlt(WJ9 ; has conducted an insurance l)usines.s in Buffalo since 1««K 82X W NKWKLL, F:D(;AR a.; resides in Ogdens- burg ; was born at Ogden.sburg May 10, 1853 ; was educated in the public schools ; married .Addie B. Priest of Potsdam, N. v., .November lit, 1879 ; was elected mayor of Ogdensburg in 1889, 1890, 1893, and 1897: established in 1H79 the business now known as the F!dgar .X. Newell Co. at Ogdensburg 59 Y. NIXON, S. FREDKRICK : resides in West- field : was born at W'esttield December :{, lX(iO: received his early education at the Westfield .Academy, and graduated from Hamilton College in IXXI ; married Myrtle Hunting Redfield of Westfield -May 21, 1X«5 ; was member of the state as.sem- bly, lXXX-90 and 1894-9H ; has been supervisor of the town of Westfield since lxxr>, and was chairman of the ChauUiu- i|ua-county board of supervisors, 1X92-94. 112 W NORTH, CHARLKS J. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Cha/y, Clinton county, N. V., .May l"!, 1H47 : was educated at the dis- trict .school, with a few terms in a private school : worked as a farm hand, lX(!2-7.'{ : was a clerk in an insurance office in Buffalo, sy\0/'T/C.U. /.\DE.\~ Continued 47 187o-79 ; married Dora C. Briggs of Buf- falo June 30, 1881 ; has carried on an in- surance business since 1879, and since 1881 has been a member of the firm of North & Vedder 'il'^ W" NORTH, SAFFORD E.; resides in Batavia ; was born at Alexander, denesee county, N. Y., January 27, 1852; was educated at Genesee and Wyoming Seminary, Alex- ander, and spent one year at Cornell Uni- versity ; taught school, 1869-73 ; was admitted to the bar at Syracuse in 1878, and began ])ractice at Batavia ; married Cora Munroe Griswold of Batavia Novem- ber 23, 1881 ; was elected district attor- ney in 1880, and was re-elected in 1883 ; has been county judge and surrogate of Genesee county since 1888 25 G NORTON, NATHANIEL W.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Porter, Me., March 3, 1853 ; spent one year at Bates College, but graduated from Dartmouth College, in 1878 ; was principal of Ware (Mass. ) High School, 1878-79 ; married Mary Estella Miner of Buffalo June 30, 1880 ; was assis- tant United States district attorney, 1889- 90 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1880 . 59 W NORTON, SHERIDAN McARTHUR; re- sides in Friendship ; was born at Belmont, N. Y., May 1, 1848; was educated in Friendship Academy and the Belmont graded school ; taught school at intervals, 1865-72 ; was admitted to the bar Janu- ary 8, 1874, and began practice at Friend- ship ; married May Lilian Robinson of Friendship September 1, 1880 ; was super- visor of Friendship, 1879-81 ; has been president of the Citizens' National Bank of Friendship since 1882 ; has been county judge and surrogate of .Allegany county since 1890 336 W NO YES, HENRY T. ; resides in Rochester ; was born at Starkey, N. Y., August 10, 1840; graduated from Starkey Seminary, and studied at Columbia College Law School ; served in the L^nion army, 1862- 65 ; engaged in the lumber business in Michigan, 1865-70 ; married Lu Chamber- lain of Seneca Falls, N. Y., Sei)tember 29, 1869 ; was manager and part owner of the National Yea.st Co. of Seneca Falls, 1870-79 ; has been commissary general of subsistence of the state of New York since April 4, 1895 ; has lived in Rochester since 1891 ; is a member of the Metro- politan Club of New York city. . . . 33 G O'BRIEN, DENIS; resides in Watertown ; was born near Ogdensburg, N. Y., March 13, 1837; was educated at Ogdensburg .\cadcmy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; married Margaret T. McCahill of LUica, N. Y. , January 8, 1863 ; was an alderman of Watertown, 1869-73, and mayor, 1878-79 ; practiced law at Watertown, 1861-83 ; was attorney- general for New York state, 1884-87 ; has been a judge of the Court of Appeals of New York state since January 1, 1890 60 E O'BRIEN, E. C. W.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Quebec, Canada, February 4, 1843 ; moved to Buffalo in 1859 ; gradu- ated from the medical department of the L^niversity of Buffalo in 1867 ; was health physician of Buffalo, 1872-77 ; married Monterey AUis of New York city October 8, 1879 : has practiced medicine in Buf- falo since 1867 415 W O'BRIEN, JARVIS P. ; resides in Troy ; was born at Fort Edward, N. Y., May 24, 1864 ; was educated at private and public schools and at Fort Edward Col- legiate Institute ; graduated from Colum- bian University Law School, Washington, in 1891, and was admitted to the bar in 1893 ; was appointed a,ssistant district attorney of Rensselaer county January 1, 1897 ; has practiced law in Troy since 1893 43 E O'CONNOR, EDMUND; resides in Bing- hamton ; was born in County Cork, Ire- land, November 26, 1848 ; was brought to this country by his parents in 1851 ; was admitted to the bar at Oswego, N. Y., in October, 1870 ; married Bridget Mur- phy of Deposit, N. Y., November 17, 1880 ; was elected to the state .senate from the 24th district in 1889 and 1891, and from the 25th district in 1893, serving six years altogether ; has jjracticed law in Binghamton since 1873 25 C O'DAY, DANIEL; resides in New York city; was born at Kildysart, Ireland, Feb- ruary 6, 1844 ; was brought to this country early in life, and lived at Ellicott- viile, N. Y., until 1862 ; was with the New York Central railroad, 1862-65 ; went to Pennsylvania oil fields in 1865, and ultimately became manager of the Standard Oil Company's pipe-lines ; mar- ried Louise Newell of Boston in 1870 and Marv Page of Nova Scotia in 1«92. . . 60 W ■18 syXOt'T/C.U. /.\7)/:.\ — Cm/i/n,,;/ ()(;k.\l>\. liAMI.I,; ri-sules in Biinalo ; w;i.> liorii at Rot hcNlcr l-'cliniary 17. IXtil ; «a> L'lliKatol in (ommun si HikjIs anil Hry- ant iV Stniiton's Hiisini-ss ('ollff^c ; niar- rietl Kli/aliL'th Maloncv of S|)cntcr|K>rt, N. Y., January .'<((, IXXl ; was apjiointcd deputy excise commissioner for Btiflalo in April, 1X!)(J : has been in business at Mast Hiiffalo sin.e ISH.-) 4iiL' \V OAKKS, FRANK S.; resides in lUiffalo : was born at China (now Arcade), N. Y., neieniber 2(i, |X44 : was educated in dis- iri( t and select s< hiiols ; was employed in a hardware store at Otto, N. Y., lH(i'.")-(i!) ; married Jennie t'alver of Marblehead, Mass., September II, 1H72; was president of the village of Cattaraugus, N. Y., iHiM- !17 ; has engaged in the manufacture of dairy and cheese-factory ap|)aratus at Cat- taraugus since 1M7-4, and in real-estate and other enterprises in HufTalo since iJSltl. '■U<'-i W OAKKS.TIIOiMAS KI.KTCHKR ; resides in Mamaroneck ; was born at Boston July lo, 1X4.'{ ; was educated at the Kliot School, Boston ; married Abby R. Haskell of (iloucester, Mass., January '27, lX(i4 ; oc- cupietl important po.sitions with the Kansas Pacific and other railroads, l.H(i;!-Ml ; be- came vice president of the Northern Pa- cific railroad in IHHl, president in IMHM, and one of the receivers of the comi)anv in iS'Ki ' 70 .\i ORCUTT, WILLIAM H.; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Boston November 15, 1H47 ; was educated in the public schools of Boston and Cambridge, and graduated from Harvard College in IXIIII ; studied law at Harvard Law School, and was admitted to the t)ar of Massachusetts in 1^7") ; prac- ticed law in Boston, lH7r)-M2; was ap- |iointed judge of the Disirict Court in Mid- dlesex county in 1X)S2 : married Leafie Sloan of Buffalo June 4, IHSK ; has prac- ticed law in Buffalo since 1889. . . . 17(»\V OTIS, NORTON P.; resides in Yonkers ; was born at Halifax, Vt., March IX, 1840 ; attended school in various places in New York and New Jersey ; learned the busi- ness of manufacturing elevators in his father's factory, lK,')H-(il ; took charge of the business with his brother in 1X(!1 ; mar- ried Li/./ie A. Fahs of York, Penn., De- cember 2;>, 1877 ; was elected mayor of Yonkers in 1880; was a member of the New York legislature in 1884 ; has been president of the corporation of Otis Broth- ers iV Co., Yonkers, since 18!H). . 4!l .M (»rr.\\\.\\. .\RriICk it.; resides in West field : was born at Mina, Chautauijua • ounty, N. \'., May S, ls.")4 ; was edu- cated in the district sc hools, and at Sherman and W'estfield academies, graduating from the latter institution in 1875; taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar in lX7!t ; was district attorney of Chautauijua county, 1XH4-H7 ; has prac- ticed law in Wc-stfield since 1«7!». . . IM W OITKNDORFKR, OSWALD: resides in New York city ; was born at Zwittau, Moravia, February 2<>, lX2(i ; was edu- cated in Austrian schcjols and universities; came to the I'nitcd .States in 1N.")0, and entered the service of the S/iiti/.\ /.ei- luiii^. New York, soon thereafter ; married Mrs. Jabob Chi of New Ycjrk city in 18.")!) ; has 1)een editor of the Slaats Zeilii rif^ i,\ncc 1X59 51 .\I PADDOCK, FRKDKRICK (;.; resides in Malone ; was born at Fort Covington, N. Y., April 15, 1H5!I; was educated at F'ranklin .Academy, Malone, and at Cor- nell L'niversity ; graduated from Columbia I'oUege I.aw School, and was admitted to the bar in 1884 ; married Katherine L. Barnhart of Potsdam, .N. \., .\pril 7, IX'.M); has |)racticed law at Malone since 18X4 ; has been district attorney of Frank- lin county since January 1, lX!i;{. 75 F^ I'ALMF:R, O. W. ; resides in Klmira ; was born at (lenoa, .V. Y., .-Xugiist 10, 1X27; was educated at Genoa .-Vcademy and Har- ford (Penn.) .Academy; was admitted to the bar in .May, 1851 ; ]jracticed law in l^lmira, 1X51-02 ; engaged in the coal business in Washington, D. C, 1802-05; was in the insurance business in New York city and elsewhere, 18(57-94 ; married Mary .Moe of lansing, N. Y., January 9, 1850, F-lizabeth Crover of South])ort, N. Y., October 11, 1X5:?, and Mrs. C. A. Bentley of Brandon, Vt.. April 20, 1X82. 55 C PANKOW, CHARI.F-S C..: resides in Buf- falo: was born near Feldberg, (Icrmany, January 27, 1851 ; learned the baker's and confectioner's trade, and worked at the same, IXOX-XO ; married Mary (Iraf of Tonawanda, N. Y., June ."iO, 187orn at Pomt'ret, Conn., May 4, 1X52; SYNOPTICAL IXDEX— Conthiuai 49 graduated from Racine (Wis.) College in 1872, and from the Chicago Medical Col- lege with the degree of M. D. in 1876 : married Martha P. Durkee of Chicago June 1, 1882 ; served upon the faculty of the Woman's Medical College of Chicago, the Chicago Medical College, and Rush Medical College, successively, 1877-88 ; was called to be professor of surgery in the medical department, University of Buffalo, and surgeon to the Buffalo Ceneral Hospital, in 1883 ; was elected president of the Medical Society of the State of New York for 1895-96 61 W PARKE, C. M.; resides in Cloversville ; was born at Clifton Park, N. Y., Decem- ber 2, 1847 ; graduated from Madison University in 1868 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870 ; married Alice M. Clark of Eaton, N. Y., Novem- ber 2, 1875 ; was district attorney of Ful- ton county, 1881-86 ; has practiced law at (jloversville since 1871 87 E PARKHURST, JOHN F. ; resides in Path ; was born at Wellsboro, Penn., February 17, 1843; was educated in common schools and by private tutors; was admit- ted to the bar at Rochester in 1865 and began practice in Bath ; married Alice McMaster of Bath July 22, 1886 ; was a delegate to the Republican national con- ventions of 1888, 1892, and 1896, and to the New York state constitutional conven- tion of 1894 ; has been chairman ol the Republican committee of Steuben county since 1889, and member of the Republi- can state committee since 1890 ; was appointed judge of the Court of Claims in March, 1S97 26 C PARSONS, CHARLES; resides in New York city : was born at Alfred, Me., Feb- ruary 6, 1829 ; was educated in Yarmouth (Me.) Academy and in Providence, R. I. ; engaged in the produce commission busi- ness in the South, 1853-61 ; married Sarah I. Shepley of Providence, R. I., in 1855 ; has been largely interested in rail- road management for many years, and has been president of the Rome, Watertown & Ogden.sburg railroad since June, 1883. . 71 M PARSONS, FRANK M.; resides in Weeds- port ; was born at Camillus, N. Y., .\ugust 19, 1848 ; was educated at common schools and Baldwinsville (N. Y.) Academy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; married Hattie E. Bibbens of Weedsport October 23, 1871 ; was mem- ber of assemlily. 1.S.S()-H7; was appointed deputy attorney-general of New York state in 1894; has practiced law in Weedsport since 1871 34 (; PARSONS, WILLIAM H. ; resides in New York city : was born on Staten Island, N. Y., July 7, 1831 ; was engaged as clerk in various houses in New York city, and partner in a paper house, 1855-60 ; mar- ried Laura C. Palmer, a lineal descendant of Miles Standish and Governor Bradford, the first governor of Massachusetts, Octo- ber 22, 1857 ; established the business now known as the corporation of W. H. Parsons & Co. in 1860, and has been at the head of the same since 14 M PATCH, MAURICE B.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Otisfield, Me., June 8, 1852 ; was educated in the public schools of Lowell, Ma.ss., and graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 1872 ; was em|)loyed as a mining engineer in Colorado, 1872-74; married Emily Isabella White of Lowell July 6, 1875 ; was chemist of the Detroit & Lake Su])e- rior Copper Smelting Co., 1874-86, and superintendent of the Calumet & Hecla Mining Co.'s works at Lake Linden, Mich., 1886-90; has been superintendent of the Buffalo Smelting Works of the same company since 1891 171 W PATTERSON, CHARLES E.; resides in Troy; was born at Corinth, Vt., May 3, 1842 ; graduated from Union College in 1860 ; studied law in Troy, and was ad- mitted to the bar in 1863 ; married Fanny Maria Seymour of New York city April 25, 1871 ; was member of assembly from Rensselaer county, 1881-82 ; practiced law in Troy, 1863-97, with the exception of three years spent in New York city ; formed the firm of Patterson, Bulkeley & Van Kirk for the practice of law in Albany in 1897 ' 26 E PATTERSON, GEORGE W.; resides in Westfield ; was born at Leicester, N. Y., February 25, 1826 ; was educated at vari- ous preparatory schools and at Dartmouth College, graduating therefrom in 1848; studied law in Buffalo, 1849-511; engaged in the manufacture of edge tools at West- field, 1851-54; was cashier of the Geo. Washington Bank at Corning, N. Y., 1854-58, and president, 1858-75; mar- ried Frances De Etta Todd of Toddville, N. Y., September 17, 1861 ; has lived in Westfield since 1876; has lieen owner, legatee, and grantee of the Holland and Chautauciua land comiianics since 1879. 132 W 50 SYXOPTICAI. ISDEX— Continued I'.W NK, LEWIS S.; resides in North Tona wanda ; was born at Riga, N. Y., Janu- ary 21, IMlH; was educated in common schools ; was i Icrk in a country store, IH.'J.J—tO ; married Marv Tabor of Ithaca, N. Y., November '12, 1H40 : served in the Union army throughout the war ; was elec- ted a member of the Niagara-county board of su|)ervisors in 1«44, and served eleven terms ; was clerk of Niagara er of assembly in IHTO, state senator, 1«7H-7!I, and can- didate for menii>er of congress in 1«K."{; has been engaged in various mercantile enterprises at North Tonawanda since 1841 -V-M W PEASE, F. S. ; resided in Buffalo; was born at Rochester December 22, 1K22 ; moved to Buffalo in 1^37 ; engaged in chemical .studies in eastern cities, 183!^- 48; married I.ucretia (loodale of Buffalo in 1845, and A. de Etta Bioodgood of xNew York city May 7, 1885; established the manufacture of lubricating oils in Buf- falo in 1H48, and carried on thesame until his death November «, 18<»0. . . 47 I ) PERRY, ISAAC (;.; resides in Hinghamton ; was born at Bennington, Vt., March 24, 1822 ; was educated in common schools ; learned the carpenter's trade with his father, and worked at the same in Keese ville, N. Y., until 1852; married Eucretia L. (libson of Keeseville in December, 1848; engaged in business as an architect and builder in New York city, 1852-72, and in Binghamton, 1872-83; has been capitol commissioner of New York state since March 30, 1883 58 C PERSONS, Wll.lilvk v.; resides in Dele- van ; was born at Delevan November 24, 1858; lived in the West, 1870-7(>, grad- uating from the Omaha High School in June, 1875 ; married Alice Catharine Strong of Delevan June 2, 1880; was in the service of the Union Pacific railroad, l875-7(i, and of the Buffalo, New York iS; Philadeljihia railroad, lH7ti-84; has conducted various weekly news|)ii|)ers in western New N'ork since 1887. . 2!M) \\ PETERSON, FREDERICK R. ; resides in Jamestown ; w;is born in the town of Elli- cott, Chautaui|iia er Co., 188.3-88, and president, 1888-02 ; has been vice president and director of the Pettebone-Cataract Paper Co., Niagara Falls, since its organization in 1892 364 W PIERCE, JAMES F. ; re.sides in Brooklyn ; was born at Madrid, St. I^wrence county, N. Y., Ajiril 8, 1830; was educated at St. Lawrence .Academy, Potsdam, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in 1851 ; practiced his profession in St. Augustine, Fla., 1852- 55 ; married Anna Maria Redington of Waddington, N. Y., in June, 1850 ; i)rac- ticed law in Canton, N. Y., 185(>-6() ; was state senator, 1868-71, 1878-79, and 1886-89 ; was state superintendent of insurance, 1891-97 ; has practiced law in .New York city .since 1866 52 M I'lERC E, JA.MES H.; resides in Blooming- dale: was born at New Sweden, N. Y., .\ugust 27, 182(t; married Olive C. Len- non at Keeseville, N. Y., August 7, 1856 ; engaged in various branches of business in New York, Yirginia, and Wisconsin, 1843- 5((, and in lumbering, manufacturing, and farming in northern .New York, 1851-()2 : .served in the Union army, l8(i2-<>4 ; has been engaged in farming and in jiublic life in Franklin and Es.sex counties. New York, sine e 1865 ; was elected to the state a.ssemblv in 1806, anil re-elected in 1807. 28 E PITCHER, JAMES k. ; resides in Short Hills, N. J. ; was born at Windham, N. Y., March 5, 1845; was educated at Whitestone Seminary ; was clerk in a tan- nerv, 18(i.",-6(i, and in a New ^'ork house. SYNOPTICAL INDEX— CfliUinu.ui 51 18fiG-(i8 ; conducted a clothing business in New York, 18()8-77 ; married Helen K. Sweet of New York September 1, 1870 ; organized the Uniteil States Mutual Acci- dent Association in 1877, and conducted the same until 1893 ; has carried on exten- sive greenhouses at Short Hills, N. J., since 1890 ; is now president of the Pe- trolia Manufacturing Co. of New York, and is engaged in many other business enter- prises 53 M PITKIN, JOHN T. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Palmyra, N. Y., May 8, 1858; attended Palmyra Union School and Heath - cote School, Buflalo ; held various posi- tions as electrician and telegraph operator, 1874-81 ; studied medicine, and gradu- ated from the medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1884; married Lizzie Simons Youngs of Buffalo March 4, 1886 ; has practiced medicine in Buffalo since 1884 40:5 W PITT, WILLIAM H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Short Tract, N. Y., Sei)tem- ber 8, 1831 ; prepared for college at Al- fred (N. Y. ) Academy, and graduated from Union College, Schenectady, N. Y., in 1860 ; married Mary Elizabeth Church of Friendship, N. Y., May 18, 1861 ; was superintendent of education at Warren, Ohio, 1867-68 ; was professor of physics and chemistry in the Buffalo High School, 1872-90; was state analyst of foods and drugs, 1881-82 ; has been professor of general chemistry and physics in the medi- cal department of Niagara University since May 26, 1884 '. . 63 W PLANT, HENRY B.; resides in New York city ; was born at Branford, Conn., October 27, 1819 ; was educated in com- mon schools and by private tutors ; was in the employ of various express companies, 1837-'61 ; married, on September 25, 1843, Ellen Elizabeth Blackstone of Branford, Conn., a direct descendant of Thomas Blackstone, who settled in Boston about 1630 ; after her death in 1861, married Margaret Josephine Loughman of New York city in 1873 ; organized the South- ern Express Co. in 1861, and ha.s since been president thereof; since 1882 has been president of the Plant Investment Co., devoted to railroad and other opera- tions in Florida and elsewhere. . . . 54 .M PLUMLEY, EDMUND J. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Canoga, Seneca county, N. Y., October 7, 1845 ; attended Oen- esee Weslevan Seminary, Lima, N. Y.,and (lenesee College (now Syracuse Univer- sity) ; taught school at intervals, 1863-68 ; was admitted to the bar in 1871 ; married Flora Ella Crandall of Buffalo July 9, 1874 ; was deputy city clerk of Buffalo, 1872-75 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1875 265 \V POOLE, MURRAY E. ; resides in Ithaca ; was born at Centremoreland, Penn., July 17, 1857 ; graduated from Cornell Uni- versity in 1880; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1889 ; was special county judge of 'l"om])kins county in 1889 ; married Eva Zeliffe of Limestone, N. Y., November 4, 1891 ; has practiced law at Ithaca since 1889 12 C POOLEY, CHARLES A. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo November 17, 1854 ; was educated in the public schools of Buffalo ; engaged in the lumber busi- ness, 1873-75; was admitted to the bar in April, 1879 ; married Carrie Adams, daughter of S. Cary Adams of Buffalo, June 4, 1884 ; has practiced law since 1879 with the firm of McMillan, Gluck, Pooley & Depew and their predecessors. 64 W PORTER, CYRUS K.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Cicero, N. Y., August 27, 1828; was educated in common schools; learned the builder's trade, and became an architect in 1855; founded the order of Royal Templars of Temperance in 1870 ; went to Buffalo in 1865, and has practiced his profession there since 65 W PORTER, HORACE ; resides in New York city and Paris ; was born at Huntingdon, Penn., April 15, 1837; was educated at the Harrisburg (Penn.) .\cademy, at the Lawrence Scientific School ( Harvard ), and at West Point, whence he graduated in 1860 ; served in the Union army through- out the Civil War ; married Sophie K. McHarg of Albany December 15, 18()3 ; was private secretary to President (Jrant, 1869-73 ; has been engaged as director and executive officer in various corporations since 1873 ; was appointed ambassador to France in 1897 2.s M PORTER, PETER A.; resides in Niagara Falls ; was born at Niagara Falls Octol)er 10, 1853 ; graduated from Yale College in 1874 ; married .\lice Adele Taylor in 1877 ; was member of the New York state assembly, 1886-87 365 W POriER, DELCOUR S. ; resides in (Jlens Falls; was born at Schuylerville, N. Y., .Al)ril 19, 1843; attended Schuylerville 52 SYXOPT/CAL IXniiX— Continii.:i Academy and Fort Kdward institute ; stud- ied law, and was admitted to the liar in l«(i(J ; married Anna M. MiNaujihton of Schuylerville Man h \'l, \XW< : was mem- ber of assembly in iHHd, 1«H1, and 1H«'2; pra 1".i11> >in(e 185)0 Tti V. FOriKR, HKNRV CODMAN; resides in New York city ; was born at Schenectady, N. v.. May 25, 1M.S5 ; was educated at the K|)isco|7-.V.», of St. John's, Troy, IK.lil-IKi, and of Cirace Church, New York, ISIJH- 83 ; was assistant bishop of the diocese of New York, 1883-8(), and has been bishop thereof since 1887 ;!7 M PDITKR, WILLIAM WARRKN ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Strykersville, N. Y., December 31, 1838: was educated at Arcade Seminary, and (lenesee Seminary and College, Lima, N. Y.; graduated from the Buffalo I'niversity Medical College in 185!) ; married Kmily A. Bostwick of I-an- caster, N. Y., March 23, 1859: engaged in the practice of medicine at Cowlesville, N. Y., 185!)-()1 ; served as a surgeon in the L'nion army, 18(il-G5 ; has followed his |jrofession in Buffalo since 18()(i. 2(i() W PRATT, CHARLES R. : resides in Klmira : was born at I'Mmira January 24, 1><47 ; graduated from Amherst College in 18(»1) ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1872 ; married Jane li. Carrier of Klmira April 10, 187!) ; was a bank cashier, 1X7!!- 82 ; was a member of the constitutional convention in 1H!)4, and was elected county judge and surrogate of Chemung county in 18!t(i ; has practiced law at Klmira since 1H75 with the exception of three years spent in banking 13 C PRATT, PASCAL P.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo September 15, 181!); was educated at Hamilton (N. Y. ) Acad- emy and at Amherst (Mass.) Academy: married Phoebe Loren/ of Pittsburg September 1, 1845: was a Republican presidential elector in 1H72, chairman of the Buffalo |>ark commission from lM(i!) to 187!), and one of the three commissioners ap|X)inted by the Su|)reme Court in 18H3 to a))praise the value of the ])ro|)erty taken by the state for the Reservation at Niagara Falls ; has been president of the Manufac- turers' and 'Traders' liank of Buffalo since 18H5 <»H W PRESTON, JERtJ.ME: resides in James- town ; was Iwrn at Farmington, Penn., January 28, 1X34 ; attended common and select schools and the Jamestown .Acad- emy ; married Hannah Broadhead of Busli, N. Y., June 4, lX5(i; conducted a general store in Busti, 1«54— 5!); was elected member of assembly from the 2d t"hauiau(|ua district in 1871 ; has Iteen en- gaged in mercantile and manufacturing pursuits (dry goods, oil refining, James- town Woolen Mills, etc.) in Jamestown si me 1K5!) 134 W PRICK, OSCAR F.; resides in Jamestown; was born at Jamestown September 1 1 , 1H40; was educated in Jamestown schools and academies ; was a member of the board of trustees of Jamestown for several years, and served as presiiient of the board, 1HX2-83 ; was meml)er of the state a.s.sem- bly, 18H3-84 : was the first mayor of Jamestown, holding the office, 188(i-l)4, and was elected again in 18!)G. 381 W PRIKS'T, GKOROK E.; resides in Ithaca; was born at Auburn, N. Y., June 25, 1848 ; studied law, but did not apply for admission to the bar ; married .\melia E. Burritt of Ithaca October 22, 181)5; was dejiuty county clerk of Tompkins county in 1H70: served in the s]>ecial agency of the treasury department at New York city, lH7()-74 : has been editor and |jart owner of the Ithaca /('/////(//since 1877. 44 C PROCTOR, WILLIAM L. ; resided in Ogdensburg; was born at East Washing- ton, N. H., March 21), 1837 : was edu- cated in common schools and academies ; married Dolly Paulina Howard of Ogdens- burg February 12, 18I>1 ; was mayor of Ogdensburg, 1H71-75 and 1884-86; was a member of the Republican state commit- tee from 1X82, and a member of the board of managers of the St. I.awrence State Hospital from 1H87 until his death ; became (onnected with the lumber trade in 1X57, and was vice president of the Skillings, Whitnevs iV Barnes Lumber Co. : died at Likewo'od, N. J., November 1!". lx!t7. r.l K I'kOlDFTT, WILLIAM H. : resides in lauiestdwn ; was born at Milwaukee, Wis., December 15, 1841 : was educated in the common schools and academy of James- town ; was employed as clerk and book- keeper in lamestown, 185()-()2 : served in SYNOPTICAL IXOKX Caul inn I'd 53 the Union army, 1862-65; married Ellen E. Hall of Jamestown October 2, 1866; has conducted a clothing house in James- town since 1866 339 W PUTNAM, EDGAR P. ; resides in James- town ; was born at Stockton, Chautau(|ua county, N. Y., May 4, 1844; was edu- cated in common schools ; enlisted as a private in the 9th New York cavalry in September, 1861, and served until the close of the war ; was United States deputy surveyor in Minnesota, 1866-75 ; married Eppie Mace of Jamestown February 27, 1878 ; was clerk of Chautauqua county, 1889-91 ; has lived in famestown since 1875 " 136 W PUTNAM, JAMES O. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Attica, N. Y., July 4, 1818; studied at Hamilton and at Yale colleges ; was admitted to the bar in 1842, and l)e- gan the practice of law in Buffalo ; mar- ried Harriet Palmer of Buffalo January 5, 1842, and Kate F. Wright of Woodstock, Vt., March 15, 1855 ; was postmaster of Buffalo, 1851-53, and state senator, 1854-55 ; was United States consul at Havre, France, 1861-66, and United States minister to Belgium, 1880-81 ; has been a member of the council of the University of Buffalo since its organization in 1846, was for many years its vice chancellor, and is now its chancellor 224 W RAMSDELL, T. T. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo March 15, 1854 ; graduated from the Buffalo Classical School in 1871 ; began liusiness in 1873 as a clerk for O. P. Ramsdell & Co., wholesale dealers in boots, shoes, and rubbers ; became partner in this firm in 1877 ; organized the present firm of (). P. Ramsdell, Sweet & Co. in 1879 ; married Louise Miller of Sterling, 111., November 10, 1881 67 W RANDALL, EDWARD C. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Ripley, Chautauqua county, N. Y., July 19, 1860 ; was edu- cated at Ripley Academy and Allegheny College ; studied law at Fredonia and Dun- kirk, and was admitted to the bar at Rochester in 1883; married Maria Louise Howard, granddaughter of the late Rufus L. Howard of Buffolo, October 6, 1897 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1884. 268 W RAY, GEORGE W. ; resides in Norwich ; was born at Otselic, N. Y., February 3, 1844 ; was educated at Norwich Academy ; served in the Union army, 1863-65 ; was admitted to the bar in 1867 : married Mary Johnson of North Pitcher, N. Y., June 28, 1871 ; was member of congress, 1883-85, and has served in that body con- tinuously since 1891 ; has practiced law in Norwich since 1867 59 C REBADOW, ADOLPH ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo June 4, 1860; was educated in the public schools of the city ; studied law in the office of Marshall, C'lin- ton & Wilson, and was admitted to the liar in June, 1881 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1881 269 W REID, WHITELAW ; resides in New York city; was born near Xenia, O., October 27, 1837; graduated from Miami (O. ) University in 1856 ; taught school in 1857; was connected with the Xenia News, and the Cincinnati Gazette, 1857-68, serv- ing as war correspondent for the latter paper ; married Elizabeth Mills, daughter of D. O. Mills of New York city, April 26, 1881 ; was United States minister to France, 1889-92 ; has been regent of the University of the State of New York since 1878 ; has been connected with the New York Tribune since 1868, and has been its editor and chief owner since 1872. . . 55 M REINECKE, OTTOMAR; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Sondershausen, Germany, November 20, 1840; came to the United States in 1852; was educated in German schools and in Buffalo public schools ; worked for his father at the printer's trade, 1854-66 ; married Eva Engel of Buffalo September 25, 1866 ; has been a member of the firm of Reinecke & Zesch, job printers and proprietors of the Buffalo Frcie Presse, since 1867 ; has been one of the park commissioners of Buffalo since 1896 357 W REYBURN, PERRY C; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Buffalo September 10, 1859 ; was educated in public schools there ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Rochester October 8, 1880 ; married Ida A. Schneider of Buffalo lanuarv 30, 1895 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1880 358 \\' RICE, EDWARD R.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Nashville, Ind., June 21, 1856 ; was educated in common schools, and graduated from the Batavia High School ; was a clerk in boot and shoe houses in Batavia and Rochester, 1871-81; con- ducted a wholesale boot and shoe house in Dunkirk, N. Y., 1881-87 ; married Mary Lan>rlev Fullauar of Dunkirk Octolier IH, 54 SYNOPTICAL IXDEX— Conlinunl 1S84 ; has conducted a wholesale rubber boot and shoe house in Buffalo since 1H«7 225 W kUll ARDSON, JACKSON; resided in Klniira ; was born at Utica, N. Y., April 27, lM2i) ; was educated in common schools ; began business with his father at Almond, N. V'., in 18.')0 ; married Kmma Hickman November 10, lHr)2; carried on a shoe manufai tory at Klmira from lNt!l until his death July 1, 1H!»7. J7 < RICHARDSON, WII.I.IAM ; resuks in Huflalo ; was born at Attlcboro, Mass., January "), 1M20 ; was educated in common schools at DeWitt, N. Y. ; married Ann O'Day of Buffalo in November, |xr)2; en- gaged in canal rejjairing and in dredging, 1 KoO-itO ; was a member of the common council of Buffalo, 1884-«7 ; has lived in Buffalo since 1«50 227 W RK'HMONI), JKWETT M. ; resides in ButTalo ; was born at Syracuse December 5), 1 830 ; attended common schools ; was a clerk in coimtry stores, 1847-53 ; en- gageil in the manufa< ture and sale of salt, 1854-C(I; married (leraldine H. Rudde- row of New York city November 10, 1870; conducted a grain commission business in Buffalo, 18()0-«1 ; was president of the Buffalo iV Jamestown railroad, 1872-75 ; since iHSl has been occupied with the care of his estate, and with his duties as an offi< er in various corporations. . 444 \\ RICHMOND, WILLIAM ; resides in Niag- ara Kails ; was born at Mitton, Worcester- shire, Kngland, October (!, 1M47; was educated at a private school in Kngland ; came to the United States in 1K(;3: mar- ried Mary McC.ill of Lockport, N. Y., 0( tober 12, 1X70; was alderman in Lock- port, 1x,s|-h:! and IHXIMU, mayor of Lockport, 1.Sm;!-.S4, water commissioner, lHn4-87, and trustee of the boaril of edu- cation, 1888-8!) and l«!)0-!)5 ; has been collector of customs at Niagara Falls since March 4. 1H!)5 1:17 W RILKY, JOHN li. ; resides in I'lattsburgh ; was born at Schuyler I'alls, N. Y., Septem- ber !t, 1X52; attended I'latt.sburgh Acad- emy and Keescville High School ; taught .school, lH(lil-74 ; was school tonmiissioner for Clinton county, 1H75-H1 ; was admit- ted to the bar in l.H7!l, and began jjractice at I'lattsburgh; married (ienevieve Des- mond of I'lattsburgh .September 25, 1XX2 ; was president of the village of I'lattsburgh, 1NK4— X5, superintendent of Indian schools. 1885-87, and chief e.xaminer for the New York state civil-service commission, 1887- !I3 ; was consul general for Canada, 1893- !(7 (i3 K RINKWALI, AD.\.\I L. ; resides in Wil- liamsville ; was born at Williamsvillc May 4, 184S(; was educated in district schools anil Williamsville .\cademy ; learned the printer's trade at Beloit, Wis., 1805-70; worked at his trade in Buffalo, 1X70-79 : married Sarah Kilena Bloker of Williams- ville September IX, 1X7X ; was |)Ostmaster at Williamsville, lXX9-!»3; e.stabli.shed the Amhfiit Hee at Williamsville in 1X79, and has conducted the .same since. 297 W ROBHRTS, JAMKS A.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Waterboro, Me., March 8, 1847; fitted for college at .Auburn, .Me., and graduated from Bowdoin in 1X70; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1X75 ; married .Minnie I'ineo of Calais, .Me., in 1X71, and Martha Dresser of .Auburn, Me., in 1XX4 ; was a member of the state assembly, 1879-80; was elected comp- troller of the state of New York in 1893, and was re-elected in 1X95 (J9 W ROBERTS, JAMKS H. : resides in Bing- hamton ; was born at Ml. Pleasant, Cal., June 24, lX(iO ; entered Hamilton College, Clinton, N. Y., in the class of 18X(; ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1XX7; married Jennie K.. Rowland of Sherburne, N. Y., July 1, 1X90; wiisattor- ney for the excise board of Binghamton, 1888-91 ; has practiced law at Bingham- ton since 1887 ; was elected recorder of the city in 1X94 14 C ROBKRTSON, ANDRKW J.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Andes, Delaware county, N. Y., March 30, 1851 ; attended district schools and academies and Cornell University ; was admitted to the bar in lX7(i, and i)racticed in Delhi, N. Y., 1876- 77 ; married Martha Hayt Thompson of Klmira, N. Y., December 19, 1X7X ; prac- ticed law in lOlmira, 1X77-93 ; has |)rac- ti(ed law in Buffalo since April, 1X9:?. . 4(14 W ROBINSON, JOHN W. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born in Simcoe county, ( )ntario, October 14, 1X4X ; married .Matilda 0.\- enham May 22, 1X72; was connected with the lumber business in Detroit, 1X7:{- 88; establi.shetl a lumber business at North 'Tonawanda, N. Y., in 1X88, and has lived in Buffalo since 172 NV' ROCHK. WILLIAM J.; resides in Iroy ; wa-- liiirn at Tmv in 1 s."i.T was educated .V 1 'AY? PTK A 1. IND EX Conlimii-d 55 at St. Mary's Academy, Troy; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1874 ; married Mary L. Campion of New York city June 15, 1880 ; was city attorney of Troy, 1883-86, and city comptroller, 1886-90 ; was a delegate to the constitu- tional convention of 1894 ; was appointed corporation counsel of Troy in 1890 ; has practiced law in Troy since 1878. . . 29 E ROGERS, SHERMAN S. ; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Bath, N. Y., April 16, 1830 ; prepared for college, but entered a law office at the age of sixteen without further scholastic training ; married Chris- tina Cameron Davenport of Bath January 6, 1858 ; was appointed a member of the commission to revise the constitution of the state of New York in 1872 ; was elected state senator in 1875 ; was nomi- nated for lieutenant governor in 1876, on the ticket headed by E. D. Morgan ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1854. . 70 \V ROCJERS, WILLIAM F. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born in Forks township, Penn., March 1, 1820; published a paper at Honesdale, Penn., 1840-44; married Caroline M. VValdron of Honesdale June 20, 1842, and Phoebe Demony of Buffalo September 20, 1849 ; moved to Buffalo in 1846, and established the Buf- falo Republic in 1850 ; served in the Union army, 1861-63 ; was auditor of Buf- falo in 18()4, comptroller in 1866, and mayor in 1868 ; was a member of the 48th congress, 1883-85; was superintendent of the Soldiers' and Sailors' Home at Bath, N. Y., 1887-97 28 C ROOSEVELT, I'HEODORE; resides in New York city ; was born at New York city October 27, 1858 ; graduated from Harvard College in 1880 ; was a mem- ber of the New York assembly, 1882-84 ; was a delegate to the Republican national convention in 1884, and candidate for mayor of New York city in 1886 ; married Edith K. Carow of New York city De- cember 2, 1886; was United States civil-service commissioner, 1889-95 ; was president of the board of police commis- sioners of New York city, 1895-97 ; was appointed assistant secretary of the navy, 1897 30 M ROOT, FRANCIS H. ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at New Berlin, N. Y., May 30, 1815 ; attended the district schools of New Berlin and of Lodi, N. Y., and studied for one term in the academy at Springville, N. Y. ; went to Buffalo in January, 1835, and began business for him- self in 1836 as a manufacturer of stoves; conducted the same business with S. S. Jewett, 1843-78 ; married Delia M. Spen- cer of Lodi in 1838 ; sold out his stove business in 1878, and engaged in the manufacture and sale of hemlock sole leather ; died at Buffalo September 6, 1892 26 D ROOT, FRANCIS S.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Port Byron, N. Y., November 4, 1869 ; graduated from the literary de- partment of the Port Byron Academy in 1889, and from the law department of Cornell University in 1893 ; was admitted to the bar in March, 1895, and has prac- ticed law since then in Buffalo. . . 380 W ROSS, FRANK W.; resides in Elmira ; was born at Horseheads, N. Y., July 10, 1859 ; was educated in public schools and Elmira Free Academy ; received the degree of Doctor of Medicine from the University of the City of New York in 1883 ; married Hattie A. Hart of Dorchester, Ga., a lineal descendant of Miles Standish ; has practiced medicine and surgerv in F^lmira since 1883 ' . . . 61 C ROTH, EDWARD C; resides in Buffalo; was born at Buffalo October 22, 1859 ; was educated in the public schools of the city ; was employed in a hardware store, 1873-78 ; was clerk in an insurance office, 1878-81 ; married Hattie Weller of Buf- falo September 29, 1891 ; has conducted a general insurance business in Buffalo since 1881 459 W ROWE, CHARLES H.; resides in Dans- ville ; was born in the town of Spring- water, Livingston county, N. Y., May 17, 1856 ; was educated at the Dansville Semi- nary and at Cook Academy, Havana, N. Y. ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1879 ; married Adina Krein of Dans- ville August 29, 1883; was postmaster of Dansville, 1890-94, justice of the peace, 1883-9(i, trustee of the village in 1894, and corporation counsel in 1895 ; has been district attorney of Livingston county since January 1, 1897 . 14 (1 RUPP, CHARLES A.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo .\pril 1, 1850 ; attend- ed the district schools ; married Nellie I'ilot of Buffalo September 11, 1872, and Anna T. Henafelt of Buffalo October 2, 1889 ; was elected alderman on the Demo- cratic ticket in 1881 ; was appointed a ( ivil-service commissioner in June, 1890, 56 SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continued and a police and excise commissioner March 1, 1894; entered the service of Henry Rumrill, builder and contractor, in 1868, and formed a partnership with him in 1874 ; has been in business alone, as builder and contractor, since 1893. . . 71 W RUSSELL, LESLIE W. ; resides in Can- ton ; was born at Canton April 15, 1840 ; was educated at Canton Academy ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1861 ; married Harriet Lawrence of Malone, N. Y., October 19, 1864 ; practiced law at Canton, 1861-81, and at New York city, 1884—91 ; was district attorney of St. Lawrence county, 1869-72, and county judge, 1878-81 ; was attorney-general of New York state, 1882-83 ; was a regent of the LIniversity of the State of New York, 1878-91 ; was elected justice of the Su- preme Court of New York state in 1891. 64 E RYAN, STEPHEN ; resides in South Otse- lic ; was born at Homer, N. Y., November 10, 1859 ; was educated at Homer Acad- emy ; married Ettie M. Cook of South Otselic June 6, 1883 ; conducted a cloth- ing and furnishing-goods store at South Otselic, 1884-95 ; has been a member of the Chenango-county Democratic commit- tee since 1886, and postmaster of South Otselic since 1894 62 C RYAN, STEPHEN VINCENT ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Almonte, Ont., Janu- ary 1, 1825; was taken by his parents when a child to Pottsville, Penn. ; was sent to St. Charles's Seminary, Philadelphia, in 1840, to begin a course of study to fit him for the priesthood ; was ordained at St. Louis in 1849 ; was consecrated bishop of the Roman Catholic diocese of Buffalo November 8, 1868 ; died in Buffalo April 10, 1896 72 W SAGE, RUSSELL; resides in New York city ; was born at Verona, Oneida county, N. Y., Augu.st4, 1816 ; established a gro- cery store in Troy, N. Y., in 1837, and a similar wholesale establishment in 1839 ; was alderman of Troy, 1845-52, treasurer of Rensselaer county for seven years, and member of congress, 1853-57 ; married Maria Winne of Troy in 1841, who died in 1867 ; married Margaret Olivia Slocum of Syracuse in 1869; has been increasingly interested in railroad management since 1850, and in Wall-street operations since 1861 72 M SANBORN, LEE R. ; resides in Sanborn ; was born at Sweden, Monroe county, N. Y., August 8, 1831 ; was educated in public schools ; married Julia C. Crawford of Lewiston, N. Y., September 9, 1849; was a member of the New York state assembly, 1870-71 ; has lived at Sanborn, engaged in lumber dealing, farming, and various commercial enterprises, since 1848 387 W SAWYER, A. H.; resides in Watertown ; was born at Potsdam, St. Lawrence county, N. Y., June 19, 1834; was educated in public schools and by private tutors ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1857 ; married Caroline M. Buckley of Watertown November 3, 1859, who died in April, 1867 ; married Frances C. Fox of Pulaski, N. Y., December 15, 1869; was county judge of Jefferson county, 1868-78 ; has practiced law at Watertown since 1857 88 E SAXTON, CHARLES T. ; resides in Clyde ; was born at Clyde, Wayne county, July 2, 1846 ; was educated in the village schools ; served in the L'nion army, 1861-66 ; was admitted to the bar in December, 1867 ; married Helen M. Field of Clyde October 1, 1868 ; was member of assembly, 1887- 89, and state senator, 1890-94 ; was lieu- tenant governor of New York state, 1895- 96 ; was appointed by Governor Black presiding judge of the state Court of Claims for the term 1898-1903. ... 26 G SCATCHERD, JAMES N.; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at Wyton, Ontario, Decem- ber 4, 1824; attended common schools; went to Buffalo in 1852 as agent for a firm of lumber dealers in Canada ; married Annie Belton of Wyton November 7, 1855 ; was chairman of the board of water commis- sioners of Buffalo, 1880-84 ; engaged in the lumber business in Buffalo, 1857-85 ; died at Buffalo January 18, 1885. . . 28 D SCHATTNER, JOSEPH P.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo August 5, 1859 ; was educated at St. Mary's Roman Catho- lic School ; studied law in the office of Abram Bartholomew, and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; has been secretary of the Broadway Brewing & Malting Co. since 1886, and of the Erie County Natural Gas & Fuel Co., Limited, since 1893; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1881. . 270 W SCHEU, AUGUSTUS F.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo November 7, 1855; was educated in the public schools and at the Buffalo Normal School, from which he trraduated in 1872 ; married SYNOPTICAL IXDEX Continued 5- Anna Frances Kraft of Buffalo January 8, 1879 ; was the Democratic candidate for sheriff of Erie county in 1885 ; entered the malting business with his father in 1872, and has managed the business since 1888. 228 W SCHEU, SOLOMON ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Standenbuehl, Bavaria, Ger- many, January (i, 1"822 ; was educated in local schools ; came to the United States in 1839, and learned the baker's trade in New York city ; moved to Buffalo in 1844, and followed the bakery and grocery busi- ness until 1860 ; married Minnie Rinck of Buffalo in 1847 ; was receiver of taxes for Buffalo, 1856-59, alderman, 1854-55 and 186()-67, state-prison inspector, 1868- 78, and mayor of Buffalo, 1878-79 ; estab- lished a malt house in 18(i0, and conducted the same until his death ; died at Buffalo November 23, 1888 41 I) SCHOELLKOPF, ARTHUR; resides in Niagara Falls ; was born at Buffalo June 13, 1856 ; was educated in Buffalo and in (lermany; learned the miller's trade in Buffalo, 1873-77 ; married Jessie Oluck of Niagara Falls, N. Y., October 13, 1880 ; has been local manager of the Niagara Flouring Mills since 1877, and secretary and treasurer and manager of the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power & Mfg. Co. since 1878, and is an officer in many other com- mercial and financial organizations in Niag- ara Falls ; was mayor of Niagara Falls in 1896 ' 366 \V SCHOELLKOPF, JACOB F.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Kirchheim-unter- Teck, Germany, November 15, 1819 ; was educated in Clerman schools, and learned the tanner's trade in his native land ; came to the United States in 1841, and settled in Buffalo in January, 1844 ; married Christiana Sophie Duerr of Kirchheim- unter-'l'eck March 12, 1848 ; has been engaged in the tanning business since 1844, in milling since 1857, and in the management of various corporations for many years 40() W SCHOELLKOPF, LOUIS ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo March 25, 1855 ; studied in Buffalo schools and colleges and in Germany ; learned the tanner's trade in Buffalo, 1873-77 ; married Myra Lee Hor- ton of Sheffield, Penn., May 18, 1881; has been engaged in the tanning business in Buffalo since 1877 as a member of the firm of J. F. Schoellkopf's Sons. . . . 407 W SCHWARTZ, JOHN L.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo April 13, 1859 ; was educated at St. Canisius College, Buf- falo ; worked in his father's planing mill, 1874-78, and in a coal office, 1878-79; carried on a coal and wood business in Buffalo, 1880-92 ; married Elizabeth J. Zegewitz of Rochester October 12, 1887; has been manager and part owner of the Star Brewery, Buffalo, since 1892. . . 459 W SCOTT, ALLEN D. ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Springville, N. Y., January 15, 1831 ; was educated at Springville Academy and Genesee Wesleyan Semi- nary, Lima, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar in 1857, and began practice at Ellicott- ville, N. Y. ; married Elizabeth Louisa Noyes of North Collins, N. Y., in Sep- tember, 1854, and Vida Cox of Otto, N. Y., in May, 1862; was elected sur- rogate of Cattaraugus county in 1857 and again in 1861 ; was state senator, 1870-71, and county judge, 1876-87 ; was ap- pointed receiver of the Alleghany & Kin- zua railroad in 1892 ; practiced law in Buffalo from 1892 until his death March 7, 1897 271 W SCOTT, RUFUS; resided in Wellsville : was born at Friendship, N. Y., October 8, 1838 ; was educated at Alfred Univer- sity and Friendship Academy ; enlisted in the Union army in 1861, and served throughout the war ; married Mary M. Axtell of Friendship November 12, 1864 ; was admitted to the bar in 1866; was district attorney of Allegany county, 1869-74 ; was a member of the Allegany- county board of supervisors, 1861-62 and 1876-79; practiced law at Belmont, N. Y.; 1866-83, and at Wellsville from 1883 until his death October 16, 1896. . . 55 D SEIBERT, SIMON ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo September 12, 1857 ; was educated in public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College ; was in busi- ness, 1878-89; was I'nited States ganger, 1889-93 ; was elected member of assembly in 1893 and 1894, and state senator in 1895 ; has been connected with the Magnus Beck Brewing Co., Buffalo, since 1893 272 W SESSIONS, FRANK E. ; resides in James- town ; was born at Chautaucjua, N. Y., May 22, 1847 ; was educated in the com- mon schools of Wisconsin ; taught school in Wisconsin and in Chautauqua county, N. Y., 1862-69 ; studied law and engaged in business, 1869-74, and was admitted to the bar in the latter year ; married Julia R. Bush of Jamestown June 1, 1876; was 58 SV.XOP'nC.lL /.\DEX— Coiitinii.-d appointed special county judge in 1(H80, and elected to the same office for a term of three years in the same \ear ; has practiced law in Jamestown since 1><7() ; was elected an alderman of Jamestown in 1895. . '2i>.s \\ SESSIONS, WALTER L. ; resided in Panama ; was born at Brandon, Rutland county, Vt. ; was educated in the common schools and in Westfield (N. Y.) Academy; married Mary R. Terry of Clymer, N. Y., in 1848 ; was admitted to the bar in 1840; was member of assembly, 1853-54, state senator, 18fi0-(;i and 1806-67, member of congress, 1871-75 and 1885-87 ; lived in Panama, Chautauqua county, from 1846 until his death May 27, 1896. . . . l:!.s W SEWARD, W11,I,I.\M H. ; resides in Auburn ; was born at Auburn June 18, 1889; was educated by private tutors; was clerk in a store in Albany, 1857-59, and private secretary to his father, 1859- 60 ; married Janet McNeil Watson of Auburn June 27, 1860; served in the Union army, 1862-65 ; was a presidential elector at large in 1889 ; since the close of the war has made his home in Auburn, engaged in banking, and in other business enterprises .■)5 (1 SEYMOUR, HENRY H.; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Mount Morris, N. Y., October 27, 1849 ; prepared for college at Mount Morris Academy ; after one year in Dartmouth College entered Cornell Uni- versity, from which he graduated in 1871 with the degree of Bachelor of Science ; studied law at Mount Morris, and was admitted to the bar in 1874 ; served as judge advocate of the 4th division, N. G., S. N. Y., 1880-85; was appointed com- missioner of jurors for the northern district of New York state in the United States District Court in 1889, and deputy com- missioner of jurors for Erie county in 1895 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1874. 78 W SHAKER, EDWARD C; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Honesdale, Penn., Ajjril 17, 1850 ; received a common- school and an academic education in Pennsylvania ; moved to Buffalo in 1872 ; married Elizabeth Anderson of Buffalo June 25, 1874 ; engaged in the hardware business, 1877-83 ; was appointed police commissioner of Buffalo May 7, 1887; was city comptroller, 1890-91 ; has been connected with the Buffalo School Furni- ture Co. since 1883 287 W SHAW, ALBERT DUANE ; resides in \\'atertown ; was born in the town of Lyme, Jefferson county, N. Y., Decem- ber 27, 1841 ; was educated at Belleville ( N. Y. ) Union Academy and St. Lawrence University, Canton, N. Y.; served in the Union army, 1861-65; was a member of the New York state assembly in 1867 ; married Mary Sherwood Keith of Chicago October 12, 1872; was United States consul at Toronto, Ont., 1868-78, and at Manchester, Eng., 1878-86; has been engaged in the development of Niagara water power since 1890 ; was elected de- partment commander of the C. A. R. for New York state in 1897 77 E SHEPARD, SIDNEY; resided in New Haven ; was born at Cobleskill, Schoharie county, N. Y., September 28, 1814; began business in 1828 as clerk in a hard- ware store in Dansville, N. Y.; purchased a hardware store in Bath, N. Y., in 1835 ; moved to Buffalo in 1836, and l)ought an interest in a similar business, of which he became sole owner the following year ; became proprietor of the Shepard Iron Works in 1849 ; married Elizabeth De Angelis Wells of Buffalo June 12, 1851 ; went to Europe with his family for several years' travel in 1865, and on his return settled in New Haven, Oswego county, N. Y., where he died December 26, 1893 29 1) SHOEMAKER, J. MONROE; resides in Elmira ; was born at Dundee, N. Y., July 81, 1842 ; was educated at Dundee Acad- emy ; married Delia M. Benedict of Dun- dee September 11, 1862; served in the L'nion army, 1862-65 ; engaged in the manufacture of carriages at Dundee, 1865-74; went to Elmira in 1874, and engaged in oil refining ; was alderman of Elmira, 1893-95 ; has been general man- ager of the Standard Oil Company in southern New York since 1878. . . 63 C SHULTS, CHARLES J.; resides in Cherry Creek; was born at Ellicottville, N. Y., February 23, 1867 ; was educated in com- mon schools ; married Eva M. Morian of Cherry Creek May 4, 1887 ; learned the printer's trade at Ellicottville ; was ap- ])ointed District Deputy (Irand Master of Masons in 1894, and again in 18!)(); has been a newspaper owner and publisher in western New York since 1882. 438 W SIGMAN, ALBERT J.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Cattaraugus, N. Y. ; was edu- cated in district schools and Chamberlain .S' ] -NOPTICAL INDEX — Omlinuci Institute, Randolph, N. Y. ; taught school, studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in June, 1877 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since January 1, 1878. . 273 W SILVER, DILWORTH M. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Peruville, N. Y., March 10, 1853 ; was educated in common schools and academies ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; married Elizabeth t^nglehart of Batavia, N. Y., in January, 1888; has practiced law in Buf- falo since February, 1880 417 W SIMMONS, J. EDWARD ; resides in New York city ; was born at Troy, N. Y., September 9, 1841 ; graduated from Wil- liams College in 1862, and from the Al- bany Law School in 1863 ; practiced law in Troy, 1863-67 ; married Julia Greer of New York city April 12, 186() ; was presi- dent of the New York Stock Exchange, 1884-85, and of the board of education of New York city, 1886-91 ; was made president of the New York Clearing House Association in October, 1896; has been engaged in banking in NewYork city since 1888 '. . 31 M SKINNER, CHARLES R.; resides in Al- bany ; was born at Union Square, Oswego county, N. Y., August 4, 1844 ; was educa- ted at common schools and academies and Clinton Liberal Institute ; engaged in busi- ness in New York city, 1867-70 ; was manager and part owner of the Watertown (N. Y. ) Daily Times, 1870-74; married Elizabeth Baldwin of Watertown October 16, 1873 ; was member of assembly, 1877- 81, and representative in congress, 1881- 85 ; was deputy state superintendent of public instruction, 1886-92, and supervisor of teachers' institutes and training classes, 1892-96 ; has been state superintendent of public instruction since April 7, 1895 ; was elected president of the National Edu- cational Association in July, 1896. . . 30 E SKINNER, EDWARD A.; resides in West- field ; was born at Griffin's Mills, Erie county, N. Y., May 10, 1841; was edu- cated at Westfield Academy ; served in the Union army, 1861-64 ; was assistant cashier and cashier of the First National Bank of Westfield, 1864-70 ; engaged in banking at Ottawa, Kan., 1870-73 ; mar- ried Frances M. Barger of Westfield Octo- ber 20, 1864, who died June 16, 1872; married Augusta Wheeler of Portville, N. Y., August 19, 1874; became vice president of the First National Bank of Westfield in 1874, and has been president of that bank and its successor, the Na- tional Bank of Westfield, since 1876 ; has been Supreme Treasurer of the Royal Arcanum since 1880 383 W SLATER, JONATHAN L. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Ellington, Chautau- qua county, N. Y., March 26, 1857: attended public schools and fc;ilington Academy, and graduated from Chamber- . lain Institute, Randolph, N. Y., in 1880; taught school and studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1883 ; married Susan A. Jameson of Dublin, Ireland, Sep- tember 16, 1885 ; was president of the Buffalo Sunday School A.ssociation, 1890- 92, and has been president of the Erie County Sunday School Association since 1893 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1883. 274 W SMITH, ALBERT R. ; resides in North Tonawanda ; was born at North Tona- wanda August 18, 1871 ; was educated in public schools and a business college ; was clerk for a lumber firm in North Tona- wanda, 1889-93 ; studied law and was admitted to the bar in 1896 ; was elected city judge of North Tonawanda in the spring of 1897 439 W SMITH, HIRAM ; resides in Jamestown ; was born at Hanover, N. Y., October 25, 1819 ; vvas educated in the district school and Fredonia Academy ; engaged in gen- eral mercantile business, 1836-61 ; was elected to the state legislature in 1859, and re-elected in 1860 ; served in the Union army, 1861-65 ; was nominated for member of congress from the 34th district in 1884 and 1890; married Melissa P. Love of Forestville, N. Y., September 10, 1844, and Anna L. Gray of Jamestown September 10, 1894; has lived in James- town since 1867, and has been engaged in the insurance business there since 1870. 139 W SMITH, LEE H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Conneaut, O., August 10, 1856.; moved to Buffalo in 1868 ; graduated from the medical department of the University of Buffalo in 1877, and from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York city, in 1881 ; married Corrie Emma Lacy of Buffalo October 5, 1880 ; has been vice president of the World's Dispensary Medi- cal Association since 1889 317 W SMITH, T. GUILFORD; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Philadelphia August 27, 1839 ; graduated from the Central High School of Philadelphia with the degree of 60 SYNOPTICAL IXDEX— Continued B. A. in 1858, and from Rensselaer Poly- technic Institute in iXfil ; married Mary Stewart Ives of Lansingbiirgh, N. Y., July 14, 1864; was with the Philadelphia & Reading railroad as civil engineer, 18(il-65 ; was general manager of the Philadelphia Sugar Refinery, 1866-69 ; was secretary of the Union Iron Co. of Buffalo, 1873-78 ; was sales-agent of the Philadelphia & Reading Coal and Iron Co., 1878-92 ; ha.s been sales-agent of the Car- negie Steel Co., Ltd., since lS8il; has been a regent of the University of the State of New York since 1890 7') W SMITHER, ROBERT K.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Winchester, Eng., October 10, 18ol ; came to America in 1858 ; became a clerk in a Buffalo drug store in 1868 ; married Lucretia C. New- kirk of Buffalo August 23, 1874; was a member of the Erie-county board of super- visors, 1880-87 ; was alderman from the 24th ward, Buffalo, 1892-97, acting as president of the common council in 1894 and president of the board of aldermen in 1895 ; has conducted a drug business in Buffalo since 1875 445 W SNELL, JACOB ; resides in Fontia ; was born at Stone Arabia, N. Y., July 11, 1847 ; was educated in common schools ; married Nancy L. Nellis of Palatine Bridge, N. Y., July 1, 1868 ; was a farmer and stone contractor, 1867-81 ; was super- visor from the town of Palatine in 1880, town clerk, 1869-79, and sheriff of Montgomery county, 1886-89 ; was pro- prietor of the Snell House at Fonda, 1881-91 ; has been superintendent of the Mohawk division of the Erie canal since 1895 101 E SOUTHWICK, A. P.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Ashtabula, O., May 18, 1826 ; was educated in the pulilic schools ; en- gaged in the steamlioat business, 1844-62, becoming chief engineer of the Western Transit Co. at Buffalo in 1855 ; married Mary M. Flinn of Buffalo May 26, 1853 ; has practiced dentistry in Buffalo since 1862 229 W SPAULDING, E. G. ; resided in Buffalo ; was born at Summer Hill, N. Y., Febru- ary 24, 1809 ; received a common-school education ; was admitted to the bar at Batavia, N. Y., in 1834; was city clerk of Buffalo in 1836, alderman in 1841, and mayor in 1847 ; married Antonette Rich of Attica, N. Y., in 1837; was member of the state legislature in 1.S4S ; was rep- resentative in the 31st, 36th, and 37th congre-sses ( 1849-51 and 1859-63); was treasurer of New York state, 1854—55 ; was president of the Farmers' and Me- chanics' Bank, Buffalo, 1850-96 ; died May 5, 1897 76 W SPENCER, HARVEY S.; resides in Ham- burg ; was born at Turin, N. Y., July 15, 1839 ; was educated at Lowville and Fair- field academies and Whitestown Seminary ; taught school, 1863-65 ; established an in- surance agency at Hamburg in 1865 ; mar- ried Julia A. Bunting of Eden, N. Y., October 12, 1870 ; was a member of the Erie-county board of supervisors, 1881- 82 ; has been cashier of the Bank of Ham- burg since its organization in 1883. . . 340 W SPENCER, SETH S.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Batavia, N. Y., August 25, 1 838 ; was educated in country schools and at Rural Seminary, East Pembroke, N. Y. ; was a railway mail clerk, 1861-73 ; was admitted to the bar in 1865, but never practiced law ; married Mrs. Agnes J. Derrick of Buffalo December 22, 1870; has been manager of the R. Ovens Branch U. S. Baking Co., Buffalo, since 1883. . 77 ^^' SPR,\C;UE, EBEN CARLETON ; resided in Buffalo; was born at Bath, N. H., November 26, 1822 ; prepared for college at Phillips Exeter .\cademy, and graduated from Harvard in 1843 ; was admitted to the bar in 1846 ; married Elizabeth H. Williams of Buffalo June 25, 1849 ; was state senator, 1876-77 ; practiced law in Buffalo from 1846 until his death Februarv 14, 1895 ' 42 D STAFFORD, J.A.MES B.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Dublin, Ireland, September 23, 1853 ; came to the United States in childhood, and settled in Buffalo in 1863 : married Henrietta Ella HoUoway of Buf- falo June 13, 1878 ; carried on a grocery business, with various partners, 1874-92; has been president of the Security Invest- ment Co. of Buffalo since 1892. . . . 230 W STAFFORD, RICHARD H.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Dublin, Ireland, August 10, 1848 ; was educated in the common schools of Dublin ; came to the United States and settled in Buffalo in 1861 ; was a clerk in grocery houses, 1861-72 ; was associated with his brother in the manage- ment of Fulton Market, 1873-92 ; married Ella S. (latchell of Medina, N. Y., Octo- ber 29, 1877 ; has been treasurer of the Security Investment Co. of Buffalo since 1892 231 W SYNOPTICAL IXDEX Coiilinuid 111 STEARNS, GEORCE R. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo ISIarch 20, \'6'^:\ : attended Buffalo public schools, and grad- uated from the University of Rochester in 1875 ; graduated from the New York Homeopathic Medical College and Hospi- tal in 1878, and spent the following year in Ward's Island Homeopathic Hosjjital, New York city ; married Jennie S. Olver of Buffalo May 25, 1880; has practiced medicine in Buffalo since 1879. . . .'ISO \V STEARNS, LESTER F. ; resides in Dun- kirk ; was born at Villanova, Chautau(|ua county, N. Y., July 27, 1856 ; graduated from Forestville Free Academy in 1878 ; was admitted to the bar at Dunkirk in 1882 ; was elected special surrogate in 1884 ; was elected district attorney in 1886, and re-elected in 1889 ; married Mary M. Hillerof Dunkirk July 16, 1889 ; was a delegate to the Republican national convention in 18il() ; in ^larch, 1897, was ■ offered the position of third assistant post- master-general ; has practiced law in Dun- kirk since 1882 185 W STEPHAN, FREDERICK, Jr. ; resides in Kingston ; was born at Rondout, N. Y. , May 20, 1859 ; was educated in common schools and Ulster Academy, Rondout ; worked as a bookkeeper in Boston, 1880- 84 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1886 ; married Alice Vignes of Kingston February 22, 1888 ; has prac- ticed law in Kingston since 1886'; was elected city judge of Kingston in the fall of 1895 89 E STICKNEY, CHARLES D. ; resides in Buffalo; was born at Holland, N. Y., August 9, 1857 ; was educated at Ten Broeck Academy, Franklinville, N. Y. ; was admitted to the bar at Rochester in 1882 ; married Ida M. West of West Val- ley, N. Y., April 30, 1882; was clerk of the board of supervisors of Erie county in 1888 ; has been attorney for New York state in the transfer-tax department since 1894 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1882 275 W STOCKTON, LEWIS ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Evansburg, Penn., March 12, 1862 ; graduated from Lehigh University in 1881, and taught at South Bethlehem, Penn., 1881-83 ; was admitted to the Buf- falo bar in 1885 ; married Eloise Gilbert of Glencoe, Md., April 5, 1885; has prac- ticed law in Buffalo since 1886. . . . 349 \V STOWITS, GEORGE H. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Fort Plain, N. Y. , November 10, 1822 ; was educated at common schools and academies ; married Adaline Stowits of Starkville, N. Y., October 26, 1845 ; served in the Union army, 1862-65 ; has taught school since 1843, with the excep- tion of the years spent in the army, and since 1867 has been continuously em- ployed as principal of various ijublic schools in Buffalo 1 4 W STRASMER, WILLIAM F. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo ; attended the public schools of Buffalo and Roches- ter University, whence he graduated in 1881 ; taught at Whitney's Point (N. Y. ) Academy, 1881-83; was admitted to the bar in 1885 ; has practiced law in Buffalo and engaged in various business enter- prises since 1887 ; has been a civil-ser- vice commissioner of Buffalo since April, 1896 418 W S TRAUSS, MATHIAS ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Remich, Germany, April 15, 183(i ; married Elizabeth Brosart of Buf- falo November 15, 1859 ; was elected councilman of the city of Buffalo for the year 1892, and again for the years 1893-95 ; went to Buffalo in 1850, and has been en- gaged there since in the manufacture of leather and wool 79 W STRONG, WILLIAM L. ; resides in New York city; was born at Loudenville, O., March 22, 1827 ; was a clerk in dry -goods houses in Ohio and New York city, 1842— 62 ; married Mary Aborn of New York city April 25, 1866 ; was a member of the firm of Sutton, Smith & Co., 1863-69, and has been head of the dry -goods house of W. L. Strong & Co. since January 1, 1870 ; was elected mayor of New York city for the term 1895-97 38 M STROOTMAN, JOHN ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo April 2, 1851 ; was educated in public and private schools ; learned the shoemaker's business, and worked for his father in the same, 1865- 72 : has been a director of the L'nion Bank, Buffalo, since 1892 ; has carried on a shoe manufactory in Buffalo since 1873. 318 W SWEET, CHARLES A. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Hancock, Mass., Febru- ary 16, 1836 ; was educated in country schools ; went to Buffalo and engaged in the transportation business in 1862 ; was a memlier of the board of general managers for New York state at the World's Fair, 1893 ; has been president of the Third National Bank of Buffalo since 1881. . 80 W 62 SYNOPTICAL IXDEX— Continued SWETT, ALBERT L.; resides in Medina; was born at Ridgeway, Orleans county, N. Y., April 27, 1850 ; was educated in I)ublic schools and Medina Academy ; was in the employ of the Bignall Mfg. Co. at Medina, 18GG-78; married Lucinda M. Fuller of Shelby, N. Y., September 18, 1872 ; has been engaged in the manu- facture of iron hardware specialties at Medina since 1873 27 (1 TABOR, CHARLES F. ; resides in Buf- falo ; wa-s born at White Pigeon, St. Jo- seph county, Mich., June 28, 1841 ; was admitted to the bar in 1863; married Phebe S. Andrews of Pembroke, N. Y., December 24, 1863 ; was member of a.ssembly, 1876-77, deputy attorney-gen- eral for New York state, 188(i-87, and attorney-general, 1888-91 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1865 174 W TAGGART, ISAAC H. ; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at Sparta, Livingston county, N. Y., September 1), 1842; was educated in the pul)lic .schools of Erie, Penn. ; was in the em])loy of the Lake Shore & Michigan Southern railroad, 1858- 74; married Frances C. Tuthill of Buffalo July 1, 1865 ; engaged in the hotel busi- ness and in real-estate operations at Buf- falo, 1874-94; was appointed sheriff of Erie county May 29, 1894 ; died at Buffalo May 8, 1895 56 D TAYLOR, RODNEY M. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Dryden, Tompkins county, N. Y., September 19, 1820 ; was educated in common schools ; was a clerk in stores in New York city and Buffalo, 1847-48; carried on a grocery business in Buffalo, 1848-54 ; married Elizabeth Beers of Jerusalem, N. Y., September 4, 1844, her sister Mary Beers June 21, 1851, and Sarah J. Dash of Angola, N. Y. , Feb- ruary 5, 1857 ; was a commissioned officer in the volunteer army of the Lhiited States, 1862-65, and in the regular army, 1866- 84; has been engaged since 1884 in the care and development of his extensive property 408 W TELLER, JOHN D.; resides in Auburn; was born near Sandy Hill, N. Y. , May 11, 1845; graduated from Williams Col- lege, Williamstown, Mass., in 1867; stud- ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870 ; was clerk of the village of Sandy Hill and justice of the peace, 1868-72 ; was police justice of Auburn, 1877-80, and surrogate of Cayuga county, 1884—89 ; has practiced law at Auburn since 1872. 37 G TENNANT, WILLIS H.; resides in May- ville ; was born at Chautauqua, N. Y., April 20, 1854 ; was educated in district schools and the Mayville Union School ; was admitted to the bar in 1880; married DeEmma Van Valkenburgh of Mayville December 24, 18M4 : has practiced law in Mayville since 1880 ; was elected president of the village of Mayville in March, 1896, and supervisor in P'ebruary, 1897. . . 367 W THAYER, LEWIS V. ; resides in Water- vliet ; was born at Glens Falls, N. Y., .\pril 28, 1863; was educated in Troy public schools and business college ; mar- ried Elizabeth A. Humphrey of West Troy, N. Y., April 30, 1884; was in the employ of the National Express Co. in various capacities, 1870-87 ; has carried on a livery business in Troy since 1890 ; was elected sheriff of Albany county in No- vember, 1894, for the term 1895-97. . 44 E THOMAS, ORLANDO F. ; resides in Lyons ; was born at Brooklyn November 12, 1856; was educated at the Brooklyn Polytechnic Institute and Hines's Military Academy ; was employed in various Brook- lyn offices, 1871-80 ; married Emma Van Cleaf of Brooklyn June 25, 1880; became connected with the Manhattan Silver Plate Co., now of Lyons, in 1880, and has been its president since 1890; has been presi- dent of the Bank of Wayne at Lyons since its organization in 1895, and is largely in- terested in a number of business enter- prises 15 G THOMPSON, A. PORTER ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Black Rock, N. V. , February 14, 1825; was educated in pri- vate schools and academies ; married Ma- tilda Cass Jones of Detroit, Mich., June 9, 1853; was a member of the firm of Thompson & Co., Buffalo, manufacturers of white lead, 1846-60; engaged in iron manufacture in Buffalo, 1860-66 ; was a member of the Cornell Lead Co. from 1867 until it became the Buffalo branch of the National Lead Co., and has been its manager since 44() W THORNTON, GEORGE H.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Watertown, N. Y., April 28, 1851 ; attended Jefferson County Institute, the Watertown High School, and Rochester University, whence he graduated in 1872 ; married Delia L. Cragin of Troy, N. Y., May 30, 1874: was assistant stenographer of the Supreme Court, Buffalo, 1872-82 ; was admitted to the bar in 1882 ; was elected president of .V } 'XOPT/CA L IXDEX Coiiti)iiii-il 63 the New York State Stenographers' Asso- ciation in 1882, and again in 18i((i, and of the International Stenograjihers' Associa- tion in 1884 ; has been official stenographer of the Supreme CJourt, Buffalo, since 1882 350 W THORNTON, THOMAS; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at London, England, Feb- ruary 11, 1812 ; took the degree of Doctor of Medicine in London in 1830 ; practiced medicine in Buff;ilo, 1833-45 ; married Mary Bailey of Newbury, Vt., January 1, 1845 ; engaged in the Hour-milling busi- ness in Buffalo from 1845 imtil his death February 22, 1896 44 D THURBER, F. B.; resides in New York city ; was born at Delhi, Delaware county, N. Y., November 13, 1842 ; attended the common schools, Delaware Academy at Delhi, and Lfnion Hall Academy, Jamaica, L. I.; went into business in 1859 with the interrelated concerns known as T. M. Wheeler cS: Co. and Robert & Williams, in the warehousing, lighterage, and im- porting business. New York city ; joined his brother, H. K. Thurber, in the firm of H. K. Thurber & Co., wholesale gro- cers, in 1865 ; continued in that liusiness, under various styles, until 1893; since then has been president of the American Grocer Publishing Co., publishing the trade paper known as the American Grocer 57 M THURSrONE, WILLIAM ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at London, England, Feb- ruary 21, 1826 ; was educated in a private . school ; was apprenticed as printer, 1840- 47 ; married Mary Anne Dillon of Here- ford, England, Junel, 1848 ; came to the United States in 1854, and settled in Buf- falo in 1855 ; occupied various positions there on the Express, Courier, and Com- mercial Advertiser, 1855-85 ; has been secretary of the Board of Trade since 1863, and of the Merchants' Exchange since 1882 232 W TIERNEY, EDWARD M.; resides in Bing- hamton ; was born at Susquehanna, Penn., November 11, 1858; was educated in the public schools ; married Nellie E. Hogan of Susquehanna December 30, 1879 ; en- gaged in the grocery business in Susque- hanna, 1879-85; has been one of the owners and proprietors of the Arlington hotel, Binghamton, since 1887. . . . 30 C TIFFANY, CHARLES L. ; resides in New York city ; was born at Danielsonville, Conn., February 15, 1812; was educated in common schools ; was a clerk in his father's country store, 1827-37 ; began business in New York city in 1837 ; mar- ried Harriet Olivia Avery Young of Kil- lingly, Conn., November 30, 1841 ; has been the head of what is now the house of Tiffany & Co. since the business was established in 1837, and president and treasurer since its incorporation in 1868. 58 M TIFFANY, NELSON O.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Lancaster, N. Y. , February 1, 1842 ; worked on a farm and in a lum- ber camp, 1860-61 ; engaged in the fur- niture business as manager and designer, 1864-67 : married Julia Charlotte Cha.se of Buffalo January 28, 1868 ; traveled for the Howe Sewing Machine Co. as manager and suijerintendent of agencies, 1867-77; conducted the sewing-machine business in Buffalo on his own account, 1877-82 ; was manager of the New York office of the Household Sewing Machine Co. in 1882; has been secretary and general agent in Buffalo of the Masonic Life Association of Western New York since 1884. . . . 351 W TILDEN, J. H.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Franklin, Conn., April 30, 1828 ; moved to Buffalo in 1837, and attended public and private schools there ; studied medicine in Cincinnati, and took the de- gree of M. D. in 1850 ; married Caro- line Elizabeth Hedge of Buffalo October 3, 1855; practiced medicine in Buffalo, 1851-59 ; has conducted a building busi- ness in Buffalo since 1859 277 W TILFORD, FRANK ; resides in New York city ; was born at New York city July 22, 1852 ; was educated in New York schools and Mount Washington Collegiate Insti- tute, New York city ; entered the em- ploy of Park & Tilford in 1871 ; married Julia Greer of New York November 16, 1881 ; was vice president of the Bank of New Amsterdam, 1889-96, and has been its president since ; has been vice president of the corporation of Park & Tilford since 1891 15 M TILLINGHAST, JAMES; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Cooperstown, N. Y., May 8, 1822; was educated in the public schools ; engaged in business, 1837-42, and in lake traffic, 1843-46 and 1862-64 ; was assistant superintendent of the Rome & Watertown railroad, 1852-56, superin- tendent of motive power of the Northern Railway of Canada, 1856-62, division and 64 SYNOPTICAl. INDEX— Continucil general superintendent ot" the Central- Hudson railroad, l)S(io-!Sl, and assistant to the president of that road in 1!S<56; has carried on a jobbing and manufacturing business in cooperage stock at Buffalo since 1880 175 W TITUS, ROBERT C; resides in Buffalo; was born at Eden, N. Y., Octolier 24, 1839; attended Oberlin College ; married Arvilla R. Clark of Cowanda, N. Y. , Aug- ust 22, 1867 ; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1865 ; was district attorney of Erie county, 1878-80 ; was state .senator for Erie county, 1882-85 ; was elected judge of the Superior Court of Buffalo in the fall of 1885 ; was chief judge of that court at the time of its absorption into the Supreme Court January 1, 18!M!, when he became a member of the bench of the Su- preme Court ; was a candidate for judge of the Court of Appeals in 1896. . . . 82 W TODD, LEROY (;.; resides in Ithaca; was born at Newfield, N. Y., September 17, 1850 ; was educated in the district schools and at Ithaca Academy ; was clerk and telegraph operator at Pond Eddy, N. Y. , 1869-72; went to Ithaca in 1873, and acted as salesman in a dry-goods store until 1883 ; was village trustee of Ithaca, 1886-87, member of the board of super- visors, 1893-95, and was elected mayor in March, 1895 : has conducted a dry -goods store at Ithaca since 1883 45 C TOWNSEXD, MARTIN I.; resides in Troy ; wa.s born at Hancock, Mass., February 6, 1810; graduated from Williams College in 1833; married Louisa B. Kellogg of Williamstown, Mass., May 10, 1836; was district attorney of Rensselaer county, 1842-45, member of congre.ss, 1875-79, and L^nited States attorney for the north- ern district of New York, 1879-87 ; has been a regent of the University of the State of New York since 1873 ; has prac- ticed law in Troy since 1836. ... 90 E TOZIER, LEMUEL L.; resides in Batavia ; was born at York, Living.ston county, X. \., March 16, 1839; received an aca- demic education, and taught school, 1857- 62 ; graduated from Bellevue Medical Col- lege, New York city, in March, 1864 ; married Emily A. Putnam of Batavia May 31, 1864 ; served in the United States army hospital at New York, 1864-65 ; was coroner of Genesee county, 1869-84 ; has practiced medicine at Batavia since July, 1865 28 G TRACY, BENJAMIN F.; resides in New York city; was born at Owego, N. Y., .\pril 26, 1830 ; was admitted to the bar in May, 1851 ; married Delinda E. Catlin of Owego in January, 1851 ; was di.strict attorney of Tioga county, 1854-59 ; was elected to the state assembly in 1861 ; served in the L'nion army, 1862-64 : was United States district attorney in eastern New York, 1866-73; was associate justice of the state Court of .\ppeals, 1881-83 ; was secretary of the navy, 1889-93 ; has practiced law in New York city and Brook- lyn, with some interruptions, since 1865 ; was Reimblican candidate for mayor of Greater New York in the fall of 1897. . 39 M TREFTS, JOHN ; resides in Buffalo ; passed his youth in Pittsburg ; was in the employ of the Buftalo Steam Engine Works and their successors, 1845-64 ; en- gaged in oil ])roduction, 1859-64 ; has conducted a foundry and general iron works at Buffalo since 1864 330 W TRIPP, AUGUSTUS F.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at New Haven, Vt., September 30, 1822; went West in 1840— first to Painesville, O., and thence to Cleveland ; went to Buffalo in 1847, and entered the SYNOPTICAL /A'DEX— Conlim„-d 65 employ of John D. Shepard & Co. ; en- gaged in l)usiness with his brothers-in-law in Ohio, liS50-52 ; married Mary M. Steele of Painesville, ()., August 17, 1847, and Caroline M. Brown of Chelsea, Mass., January 22, liS(i8 ; entered the service of Sidney Shepard &: Co. of Buffalo in 1852, and has been a member of the firm since 1857 84 W URBAN, GEORGE, Jr. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo July 12, 1800; was educated in the pulilic schools ; entered the firm of Urban & Co., millers, in 1870 ; married Ada E. Winspear of Buffalo in October, 1875 ; was chairman of the Re- publican county committee, 1892-95. . So W VAN DUSEN, ALMON A.; resides in May- ville ; was born at Jamestown, N. Y., Jan- uary 3, 1843 ; was educated in public schools and in Randolph Academy ; was admitted to the bar in 180() ; married Jettie E. Merchant of Brocton, N. Y., January 30, 1871 ; was ap])ointed judge of the County Court of Chautauqua county January 2, 1890, and w^as subsequently elected to succeed himself; was nominated for judge of the Supreme Court in 1X95 ; has practiced law in Mayville since 1871. 140 ^^' VAN ETTEN, JOHN E.; resides in Kings- ton ; was born at Vaudale, Ulster county, N. Y., April 2, 1830; was educated at the Albany Normal College ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1856 ; married Adelaide (Ireen of Kingston April 28, 1858 ; has practiced law at Kingston since 1856 92 E VANGORDER, GREENLEAF S.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at York, Livingston county, N. Y., June 2, 1855; received a common-school and an academic educa- tion ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar June 15, 1877 ; moved to Pike, N. Y., August 7, 1877 ; married Eva E. Lyon of Pike August 29, 1878 ; was super- visor of Pike, 1883-88, member of assem- bly, 1888-89, and state senator, 1890-93 ; practiced law at Pike, 1877-96 ; has been president of the State Bank of Pike since January, 1894 ; has practiced law at Buf- falo since June 1, 1896 234 W VAN HORN, BURT ; resided in Lockport ; was born at Newfane, N. Y., October 28, 1823 ; attended common schools, Yates Academy, and Madison (now Colgate) University ; was elected to the state as- sembly in 1857, 1858, and 1859; was elected to the 37th, the 39th, and the 40th congresses (1861-63, 1865-67, 1867-69); was collector of internal revenue for the 2«th New York district, 1877-82 ; married Charlotte T. Goodell of Hartland, N. Y., July 9, 1851, and Alicine Schuyler of i,ock- "por't, N. Y., June 16, 1870 ; died at Lock- port April 1, 1896 30 D VAN VLEET, DE FOREST; resides in Ithaca; was born at Fenton, N. Y., Aug- ust 10, 1857 ; graduated from Cornell University in 1877 ; was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; married Ada Belle Lacey of Dryden, N. Y., October 19, 1881 ; was city attorney of Ithaca, 1882-85 and 1890-91, and recorder of the city, 1888- 89 ; was a state civil-service commissioner, 1893-95 ; has practiced law in Ithaca since 1881 15 C VEDDER, C. P.; resides in Ellicottville ; was born at Ellicottville February 23, 1^38 ; was educated at SjiringviUe (N. Y. ) Academy ; served in the Union army, l8()2-65, rising to the rank of lieutenant colonel ; was admitted to the bar in 1866 ; was register in l)ankru|)tcy, 1 867-75 ; was United States a.ssessor of internal revenue, 1869-71 ; was member of the as- sembly, 1872-75, and state senator, 1876- 77 and 1884-91 ; was .state a.ssessor, 1880-83 ; married Bettie E. Squires of Springville, N. Y., September 2, 1862, and Mrs. Clenevieve A. Wheeler of Chicago July 12, 1892 141 W VEDDER, HARRISON N.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo September 11, 1858 ; was educated in the public schools ; was clerk in an in.surance office, 1872-80 ; married Ida Elizabeth Loveridge of Buf- falo September 13, 1881 ; has been a member of the insurance firm of North & Vedder since 1881 235 \V VOGT, FREDERICK A.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo March 24, 1860 ; was educated in the Buffalo public schools, graduating from the high school in 1881 ; was appointed principal of Public School No. 9 in September, 1881, principal of school No. 26 in 1883, and professor of English history and literature in the Buffalo High School in March, 1892 : has been principal of the high school since Tanuarv, 1893 " . .' 278 W VREELAND, EDWARD B.; resides in Salamanca; was born at Cuba, N. Y., December 7, 1857 ; was educated in com- mon schools and Friendship Academy ; was principal of the Salamanca public 66 SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continued schools, 1877-X2; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1881 ; married Myra S. Price of Friendship, N. Y., July 27, 1881 ; established an insurance agency in Salamanca in 1882 ; was postmaster of Salamanca, 1889-98; has been supervisor of the town of Salamanca since 1898 ; has been president of the Salamanca National Bank since 1891 841 W VREELAND, OLIVER S.; resided in Sala- manca; was born at Cuba, N. Y., Sep- tember 28, 1842 ; attended various schools and academies, and graduated from the University of Michigan in 1869 ; married Anna M. (Juilford of Cuba September 15, 1869 ; was admitted to the bar in 1872, and began practice at Salamanca ; was president of the village of Salamanca, 1879-82, and supervisor, 1882-86; was county judge of Cattaraugus county from januarv 1, 18.S8, until his death Mav 20, 1897. ' ' . 800 W WADE, ARTHUR C; resides in James- town; was born at Charlotte, N. Y., December 12, 1852; was educated at Ellington (N. Y. ) Academy, and Cham- berlain Institute, Randolph, N. Y.; gradu- ated from the Albany Law School in 1877, and was at once admitted to the bar ; mar- ried M. Franc Briggs of F^llington August 22, 1877 ; practiced law at Ellington, 1877-82 ; was Republican candidate for comptroller of the state of New York in 1891 ; has practiced law in Jamestown since 1883 384 W WADSWOR TH, GEORGE ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Litchfield, Conn., March 10, 1830; attended common schools and academies at Litchfield and Danbury (Conn.); was admitted to the bar of Connecticut and of New York in 1851 ; married Emily O. Marshall of Utica, N. Y., in June, 1858 ; was city attorney of Buf- falo, 1860-61 ; has practiced law in Buf- falo since 1852 86 W WAITE, RICHARD A.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Camberwell, county of Surrey, England, May 14, 1848 ; came to the United States and settled in Buffalo in 1856 ; married Sarah H HoUoway of Buf- falo September 22, 1869 ; has pursued the profession of architecture in Buffalo since 1871 87 W WALES, THERON A.; resides in Elmira ; was born at South Weymouth, Mass., July 15, 1842 ; was educated in preparatory schools, Dartmouth College, and the Uni- versity of Michigan ; graduated in medi- cine from the University of Pennsylvania in 1873 ; married Zippie Brooks of Elmira September 26, 1872 ; has practiced medi- cine in Elmira since 1878 ; organized the Newtown Battle Chapter, Sons of the American Revolution, at Elmira Novem- ber 10, 1897, and became its first ]iresi- dent 81 C WALKER, JAMES E.; resides in Hornells- ville ; was born at Nunda, N. Y., May 21, 1854 ; was educated in common schools and Geneseo Normal School ; graduated from the Cincinnati Medical College in 1876 ; practiced medicine in Arkport, Steuben county, N. Y., 1876-92 ; traveled and studied in various European cities, 1893-94 ; has been su|ierintendent and part owner of the Steuben Sanitarium at Hornellsville since November, 1894. . 32 C WALKER, JOHN BRISBEN ; resides in New York city ; was born in Pennsylvania September 10, 1847 ; attended Cleorge- town College, and West Point Military Academy ; was in the Chinese military service, 1868-70 ; engaged in manufac- turing in West Virginia, 1870-73 : mar- ried Emily Strother of Berkeley Springs, W. Va., in 1871 ; was emjjloyed on vari- ous new.spapers, as writer and editor, 1878- 79 ; carried on an extensive alfalfa larm in Colorado, 1879-89 ; has been the owner and publisher of the Cosmopolitan magazine since 1889 59 M WALKER, WILLIAM D.: resides in Buf- falo ; was born at New York city June 29, 1839 ; graduated from Columbia College in 1859, and from the General Theological Seminary of the Protestant Episcopal church in 1862 ; was vicar of Calvary Chapel, New York city, 1862-83 ; was bishop of the missionary district of North Dakota, 1888-96 ; was elected bishop of the diocese of Western New York October 7, 1896 409 W WALKER, WILLIAM H.; resides in Buf- falo; was born at Utica, N. Y., August 20, 1826 ; was educated at the Buffalo Academy ; entered the wholesale shoe house of O. P. Ramsdell in 1844, and was associated in partnership with him, 1856- 76 ; married Edith Kimberly of Buffalo October 21, 1869 ; was nominated for jiresidential elector in 1888 ; has conduc- ted the wholesale boot and shoe business of Wm. H. Walker & Co. since 1876. . 88 W SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Conliniu-d 67 WALLENMEIER, JOHN G., Jr.; resides in Tonawanda ; was born at Buffalo Octo- ber 10, 18(52 ; was educated in the public schools of Tonawanda ; married Hattie May Koch of Tonawanda November 14, 1883 ; conducted a grocery and meat market at Tonawanda, 1883-9-t ; was president of the Niagara Savings and Loan Association, 1895-96; has been police justice of Tonawanda since 1894. . . 388 W WARD, FRANCIS G. ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Jordan, N. Y., March 8, 1856 ; was educated in the United States and France ; was in the employ of the Laflin & Rand Powder Co., at New York and Buffalo, 1873-76, and of the New- York Central & Hudson River railroad, -1877-85 ; was employed by the Cie Uni- versellc Canal Panama, at Aspinwall and elsewhere, 1885-89; married Christine Meday at Rutherford, N. J., November 3, 1886 : was appointed superintendent of the bureau of water of Buffalo in May, 1896 ' 236 W WARD, VVALDEX M.; resides in North Collins ; was born at Perrysburg, Cattarau- gus county, N. Y., January 11, 1859; attended district schools and Angola Academy ; married Jennie Waters of Ver- sailles, N. Y., January 1, 1883 ; graduated from the University of Buffalo in February, 1885 ; has practiced medicine at North Collins since May, 1885 301 W WARDWELL, GEORGE S.; resided in Buffalo; was born at Providence, R. I., August 22, 1829 ; graduated from Har- vard College in 1853, and from the Dane Law School, Cambridge, in 1)S55 ; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1856, and began practice there in 1858 ; married Mary E. Townsend of Buffalo June 9, 1863 ; was city attorney, 1866-67, city clerk, 1869-70, and judge of the Muni- cipal Court, 1880-92; died at Buffalo October 18, 1895 45 D WARNER, THOMAS E.; resides in North Tonawanda ; was born at Orleans, N. Y. , March 23, 1844 ; was educated in com- mon schools ; learned the printer's trade and worked at the same in various cities, 1860-77 ; married Florence Elizabeth Hanaford of Jersey City, N. J., September 18, 1876 ; was warden of the Jersey City Charity Hospital, 1877-80 ; was one of the ])ublishers of the Tonawanda Herald, 1880-97 ; has been clerk of the village and city of North Tonawanda since 1886 ; established the Tonawanda Argus in Octo- ber, 1897 460 W WATERS, 1RVL\(; E.; re.sides in Buffalo ; was born at Little Falls, N. Y. , August 13, 1846 ; wa.s educated at Little Falls Acad- emy ; was employed in various capacities in Little Falls, 1863-73; married Eliza I. Waterman of Little Falls February 4, 1875; was teller of the Bank of Com- merce, Buffalo, 1873-76 ; engaged in busi- ness in Little Falls, 1876-80; was book- keeper of the Herkimer County National Bank of Little Falls, 1880-90; has been cashier of the Citizens' Bank, Buffalo, since 1890 461 W WEBB, WM. SEWARD; resides in New York city ; was born at New York city January 31, 1851 ; attended Columbia College ; studied medicine abroad and in the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, and received his degree in 1875 ; practiced his profession in New York, 1875-78 ; married Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt of New York December 20, 1881 ; engaged in the stock-brokerage business, 1878-83; has been president of the Wagner Palace Car Co. since 1883. 75 M WEBER, JOHN B. ; resides in West Seneca ; was born at Buffalo September 21, 1842; was educated in the public schools and the Central High School of Buffalo ; en- listed as a volunteer .soldier in the Union army in August, 1861, and served three years ; married Elizabeth J. Farthing of Buffalo January 7, 1864 ; was assistant postmaster at Buffalo, 1871-73, sheriff of Erie county, 1874-76, representative in congress, 1885-89, and commissioner of immigration at the port of New York, l,S90-93 ; was cashier of American E.\- change Bank of Buffalo, 1894-97. . . 89 W WEBSTER, ELLIS ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Eden, N. Y. , August 27, 1823 ; was educated in district schools ; engaged in the grocery and produce busi- ness in Buffalo, 1847-68 ; married Char- lotte W. Whitney of Kenosha, Wis., September 11, 1850 ; was alderman of the old 2d ward, Buffalo, 1873-74 ; has car- ried on a coal and ice business in Buffalo since 1868 279 W WEBSTER, GEORGE B.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo March 8, 1859 ; was educated in public and private .schools in Buffalo ; was admitted to the bar in 1880 ; 68 SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continued married Agnes Jeanette Ovens of Buffalo June 27, 1883 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1886 .'{(iO \V WEILL, HENRY ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Miittersholt/, Alsace, France, December 17, 1847 ; graduated from the college de Schlestadt, Academic de Stras- bourg, in 1803: emigrated to the United States in 18(i7 ; married Fannie Shire of Buffalo October 16, 1870 ; carried on a wholesale jewelry business in Buffalo, 1868-92^ has been president of the Metro- ])olitan Bank of Buffiilo since 18<)3. . 238 \V WELLINGTON, O. W.; resides in Corn- ing; was born at Moriah, N. Y., Decem- ber 27, 1832 ; was educated in the district schools : engaged in mercantile business, 1849-54; married Matilda B. Wickham of Tioga, Penn., May 13, 1857 ; was employed in the Geo. Washington Bank of Corning, 1859-62: organized the bank- ing house of Q. W. Wellington & Co. at Corning in 1862, and has been president thereof since 46 C WELLMAN, A. MINER ; resides in Friend- ship ; was born at Friendshij) November 13, 1866: prepared for college at Hopkins Grammar School, New Haven, Conn., and graduated from Yale in 1888 ; became a clerk in the First National Banlc of Friendship in 18S,S, a director in 1889, and has been cashier of the same bank since 1890 ; married Hattie Prior Baldwin of Saxtons River, \'t., June 28, 1893. . 186 W WELLS, EDWIN M.; resides in Syracuse ; was born at South New Berlin, Chenango county, N. Y., August 2, 1857 : gradu- ated from Syracuse University in 1882 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar at Utica in September, 1884 ; married Nellie S. Morgan of Syracuse January 23, 1893; was supervisor of Syracuse, 1882- 84 and 1893-95 ; was member of assem- bly, 1896-97 ; has practiced law in Syra- cuse since 1884 78 E WELLS, J. STEWART; resides in Bing- hamton ; was born near Binghamton June 30, 1822 ; was educated in common and select schools ; married Hannah Barnes of Staten Island, N. Y., October 12, 1848; was a builder and contractor in Bingham- ton, 1848-70 ; was elected mayor of Bing- hamton in 1883 ; has carried on the manu- facture of brick at Binghamton since 1856, and has been half owner of the Bingham- ton Iron Works since 1870 64 C WENDE, ERNES r ; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Mill Grove, N. Y., July 23, 1853 ; graduated from the Buffalo High School in 1874, from the medical depart- ment of the University of Buffalo in 1878, and from the University of Pennsylvania in 1884 ; studied in the medical depart- ment of Columbia College, 18«l-82, and in the universities of Berlin and Vienna, 1885-86 ; married Frances Harriet Cutler of Omaha, Neb., August 25, 1881; has practiced his profession at Buffalo since November, 1886 ; has been health com- missioner of Buffalo since January, 1892. 288 W WENDELL, JOHN D.; resides in Fort Plain; was born at Sprout Brook, N. Y., September 13, 1840; was educated in common schools ; graduated from the .\lbany Law School in 1862 ; married Luemma King of Fort Plain June 15, 1862 ; was district attorney of Mont- gomery county, 1872-74; has lieen count)' judge of Montgomery county since Janu- ary 1, 1889 ; has practiced law at Fort Plain since 1862 102 E WENDT, HENRY W.; resides in Buffalo ; was born at Buffalo June 19, 1863 ; was educated in Buffalo public schools ; learned the machinist's trade with the Buffalo Forge Co., and has been a member of the corporation since 1886 44'S W WENDT, WILLIAM F. : resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Buffalo July 2, 1858 ; was educated in the public schools ; mar- ried Mary Gies of Buffalo November 8, 1882 ; bought an interest in the Buffalo Forge Co. in 1878, and has been at the head of the business since 1883. . . . 419 W WENTWORTH, ALEXANDER ; resides in Randolph ; was born at East Aurora, Erie county, N. Y., July 26, 1837; was edu- cated in common schools and at Randolph Academy ; was admitted to the bar at Buffalo in 1859 : married Ellen C. Crow- ley of Randolijh October 10, 1859 ; has practiced law in Randolph since 1859, forming in December, 1896, with his son, the firm of Wentworth & Wentworth. . 142 W WEYAND, CHRISTIAN; resides in Buf- falo ; was born in Lorraine, France, May 11, 1826; came to the United States in 1847, and settled in Buffalo ; worked at the shoemaker's trade, 1847-66 ; married Magdalena Mayer of Buffalo May 9, 1852 ; has carried on a brewerv in Bufl'alo since 1866 ' 420 W sYxorr/cAL ixdex Contintitd (id WHEELER, CHARLES B.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Poplar Ridge, Cayuga county, N. Y., December 27, 1851 ; grad- uated from Williams College with the class of 1878 ; was admitted to the bar in 1876; married Frances Munro Rochester of Buffalo June 28, 1883 ; was appointed member of the Buffalo civil-service com- mission March 11, 1889, and was elected chairman of the board February 8, 1892; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1876. 91 W WHEELER, GEORGE W. ; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Niagara Falls, N. Y., September 1, 1856; was educated at De Veaux College ; was admitted to the bar October 10, 1879 ; married Jennie F. Farrar of Buffalo October 17, 1882; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1880. . 2.39 W WHITE, TRUMAN C; resides in Buffalo; was born at Perrysburg, N. Y., Ajjril 30, 1840 ; attended country schools and Spring- ville ( N. Y. ) Academy; enlisted in the 10th New York cavalry in 1861, and served throughout the war, being discharged in July, 1865, as 1st lieutenant ; was admitted to the bar in Buffalo in Novem- ber, 1867 ; married Emma Kate Haskins of Buffalo February 10, 1869 ; was elected judge of the Superior Court of Buffalo in the fall of 1891, serving until January 1, 1896, when, on the abolishment of the Superior Court, he took his seat on the bench of the Supreme Court 92 W WICKS, CHARLES H.; resides in Lake- wood ; was born at Ellery, N. Y., October 15, 1849 ; graduated from Jamestown Union School and Collegiate Institute in 1869 ; married Florence R. Robbins of Spartansburg, Penn., November 6, 1873; taught school, 1870-78; served as school commissioner in the first district of Chau- tauqua county, 1879-90 ; has been a member of the school board of Lake- wood since 1891, and of the board of trustees of the village since 1893 ; has lived at Lakewood since 1891, engaged in real-estate business there and in James- town 302 W WICKS, JOHN G.; resides in Jamestown ; was born in the town of Carroll, Chautau- qua county, N. Y., January 10, 1855 ; was educated in country schools and the Jamestown High School ; graduated from the Albany Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1876 ; married Emma L. Russell in December, 1876 ; was an alder- man of the city of Jamestown, 1886-90, and city attorney, 1891-95 ; has practiced law in Jamestown since 1876. . . . 389 W WILCOX, ANSLEY; resides in Buffalo; was born at Summerville, Ga., January 27, 1856 ; prepared for college at Hopkins Grammar School, New Haven, Conn., and graduated from Yale College in 1874 ; studied at Lhiiversity College, Oxford, England, 1875-76 ; was admitted to the bar in 1878 ; married Cornelia C. Rum- sey of Buffalo January 17, 1878, and her sister, Mary Grace Rumsey, November 20, 1883 ; has practiced law in Buffalo since 1878 176 W WILCOX, DAVID J.; resides in Spring- ville ; was born at Leon, N. Y. , October 27, 1847 ; was educated at preparatory schools and Cornell LTniversity ; graduated from the Albany Law School, and was admitted to the bar in 1878; married Happie H. Slowell of East Ashford, N. Y., August 22, 1 878 ; was clerk of the Cattaraugus- county board of supervisors in 1873, member of assembly, 1883-84, and finan- cial clerk of the assembly, 1890-91 ; has practiced law in Springville since 1878, with the exception of two years spent in Walla Walla, Wash., as receiver of the United States land office 342 W WILCOX, DE WITT G.; resides in Buf- falo ; was born at Akron, O., January 15, 1858 ; was educated in the Akron public schools and Buchtel ( O. ) College ; gradu- ated from the Cleveland Homeopathic Hospital Medical College in 1880 ; mar- ried Jennie Irene Green of Alfred Centre, N. Y., September 5, 1883; practiced medicine in Akron, 1880-88, with the excejition of a year spent in surgical study abroad ; has practiced in Buffalo since 1888, devoting himself especially to surgi- cal and hospital work 320 W WILKESON, JOHN; resided in Buffalo; was born at Poland, O., October 28, 1806 ; went to Buffalo with his father in 1814; was educated in private schools ; married Maria Louisa Wilkes of Portsmouth, Eng- land, at Lyme, O., in 1832 ; was secretary to his father at Washington, D. C, 1840- 42, and United States consul at Turk's Island, W. I., 1842-43; began the manu- facture of iron in Ohio in 1846, and the grain-elevating business in Buffalo in 1858 ; died at Buffalo April 4, 1894. . 31 D WILLARD, ERNEST R.; resides in Rochester ; was born at Jamestown, N. Y., March 11, 1854; was educated at the 70 SYNOPTICAL IXPEX— Continued Jamestown Collegiate Institute; was local editor of the Jamestown Journal, 1K73- 75, and a reporter for the Huft'alo Express, 1875-76 ; has been on the staff of the Rochester Democrat and Chronicle since 187(), and has been editor in chief since isDo .38 (; WlLl.ARD, FRANCIS A.; resides in New- burgh ; was born at Midway, Ky., August 23, 1856 ; was educated at Boonville (N. Y.) Academy and Whitestown Semi- nary ; was clerk of the village of Boon- ville, 1878-79 ; married Caroline L. Miil- ler of Boonville February '11, 1880; was connected with the Watertown Morning Dispatch anA the \]\.\c3i Daiiy Press, 1880- 82 ; was one of the editors of the Boon- ville Herald, 1882-91 ; was a member of the Oneida-county board of supervisors, 1884-85, and postmaster of Boonville, 1886-91 ; has been editor and senior pro- ])rietor of the Newbiirgh Daily Jicgistcr since 1891 '.."..'. 93 E WILLIAMS, CHARLES E.: resides in Buf- falo; was born at Buffalo February 21, 1852 : was educated in the jxiblic schools and the Heathcote School of Buffalo, and the Polytechnic Institute, Stuttgart, Ger- many ; has carried on the business of a [laving and general contractor at Buffalo since 1876 240 \V WILLIAMS, GIBSON T.; resided in Buf- falo ; was born at Charlestown, N. H., January 15, 1813 ; was educated in com- mon schools and St. Albans (Vt. ) Acad- emy ; was a clerk in a country store, 1830- 33; moved to Buffalo in 1833; married Harriet C. Howard of Herkimer county, N. Y., in 1844; engaged in the ship- chandlery business in Buffalo, 1837-50, and in the manufacture of white lead, 1851-61 ; was connected with the Western Insurance Co. of Buffalo, as vice president and president, 1862-71 ; helped to organ- ize the Erie County Savings Bank in 1854, and was its president at the time of his death ; died at Asheville, N. C, April 14, 1891 13 D WILLIAMS, ROGER B.; resides in Ithaca ; was born at Ithaca May 8, 1848 ; grad- uated from Yale College in 18()8; was cashier of the Merchants' and Farmers' National Bank, Ithaca, 1868-72; married Carrie L. Romer of Brooklyn, N. Y., December 17, 1874; has carried on the manufacture of machinery and agricultural implements in Ithaca since 1872 ; has been president of the Ithaca Savings Bank since 1886 48 C WINSLOW, BRADLEY ; resides in Water- town ; was born at Watertown August 1, 1831; was educated in district schools and private seminaries ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1855 ; married Geraldine M. Cooper of Adams, N. Y., November 15, 1855 ; was district attorney of Jefferson county, 1860-61 and 1866- 68, mayor of Watertown in 1874, and state senator, 1881-82; has practiced law at Watertown since 1856, with the exce|)tion of four years spent in the L^nion army. . 103 E WISE, JAMES B.; resides in Watertown ; was born at Branford, Conn., December 27, 1858 ; was educated in common schools and a liusiness college ; was a news agent, 1872-77 ; engaged in the manufacture of hardware with his father, at Watertown, in 1877 ; married Hattie C. Willard of Watertown Se])tember 8, 1881 ; was an alderman of Watertown, 1889-90, and has been mayor of the city since January 1, 1895, having been elected the fourth time in November, 1897, for a term of two years ; is now engaged in various manu- facturing enterprises in Watertown. . . 79 E WOODBURY, EGBURT E.; resides in Jamestown ; was born at Cherry Creek, Chautau(|ua county, N. Y., March 29, 1861 ; attended district schools and Cham- berlain Institute, Randolph, N. Y.; mar- ried Florence E. Holbrook of Randolph December 25, 1880 ; studied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1884 ; was justice of the peace, 1886-89, member of the ChautaiKiua-county Republican committee, 1889-91, and member of a.ssembly, 1891- 93 ; has been surrogate of Chautauqua county since January 1, 1895; has prac- ticed law in Jamestown since 1884. . . 343 W WOODWARD, JOHN; resides in James- town ; was born at Charlotte, Chautauqua county, N. Y., August 19, 1859 ; received a common-school education, and graduated from the Fredonia Normal School in 1878 ; graduated from the law school of the Uni- versity of the City of New York in 1881, and was admitted to the bar the same year ; practiced law in F'redonia, N. Y., 1881- 83 ; married Mary E. Barker of F'redonia May 26, 1886 ; was city attorney of James- town, 1886-88, member of the board of supervisors of Chautauqua county, 1887- 92, and district attorney of Chautauqua county, 1892-95; was appointed a justice SYNOPTICAL INDEX— Continual 71 of the Supreme Court of the state of New- York in January, 189(i, and elected for a full term in November, 1896; was ap- pointed to the appellate division in De- cember, 1897 188 W WRAY, ALBERT A.; resides in Brooklyn; was born at Cape Girardeau, Mo., Septem- ber 6, 1858; was educated in public schools in Missouri; taught school, 1876- 78 ; studied law in New York city, and .was admitted to the bar in 1885; was member of assembly, 1894-95; was elec- ted to the state senate in the fall of 1895 ; has practiced law in New York city since 1885 '. . 60 M WRKIHT, ALBERT J.; resides in P.ulTalo ; was born at Oswego, N. Y., August 24, 1858 ; was educated in Buffalo schools and Wesleyan University, Middletown, Conn.; married Gertrude Bent of Middle- town September 25, 1878 ; engaged in the grain commission business in Buffalo, 1878-90; was president of the Merchants' Exchange and the Board of Trade of Buf- falo in 1884 ; has carried on a banking and brokerage business in Buffalo since 1890. 463 W WRIGHT, HORTON D.; resides in Glov- ersville ; was born at Brunswick, N. Y. , December 7, 1862 ; was educated at the Hoosick Falls High School and Cornell LIniversity ; studied law, and was admit- ted to the bar in 1886 ; married Gertrude A. Carnrick of Arietta, N. Y., May 27, 1885 ; was district attorney of Fulton county, 1893-95 ; has practiced law at Gloversville since 1886 94 E WRIGHT, MAURICE L.; resides in Os- wego ; was born at Scriba, N. Y., Novem- ber 27, 1845 ; was educated at Mexico (N. Y. ) Academy and Falley Seminary; served in the Union navy, 1864—65 ; stud- ied law, and was admitted to the bar in 1870 ; married Mary Grace Skinner of Mexico November 3, 1869 ; was president of the village of Mexico, 1879-81 ; was county judge of Oswego county, 1884-91 ; has been justice of the New York state Supreme Court since January 1, 1892. 95 V, YATES, HENRY J. ; resided in Jamestown ; was born at Jamestown September 23, 1842; was educated in common schools; was clerk in a grocery, 1859-61 ; served in the Union army, 1861-64; married Julia Harper Blinn (adopted daughter of Colonel Henry Baker) of Jamestown June 20, 1867 ; was postmaster of Jamestown, 1869-73 ; was justice of the ])eace for the town of Ellicott, 1873-86, and jjolice jus- tice of Jamestown from 1886 until his death January 18, 1897 14 1) YOUMANS, EDWARD B.; resides in Kl- raira ; was born at Otego, N. Y., May 15, 1836; was educated at Delaware Literary Institute ; taught school and studied law, and was admitted to the bar May 11, 1865 ; married Louise Towner of Fllmira February 25, 1868 ; practiced law at Delhi and Ot- ego, N. Y., 1865-71 ; was chief clerk of the treasury department at Washington, D. C, 1885-90; has practiced law at El- mira since January 1, 1872 15 C ZELLER, G. FREDERICK ; resides in Buffalo ; was born in Wiirttemberg, Ger- many, February 8, 1836 ; was educated in German and American schools ; married Barbara Mochel of Buffalo May 17, 18.59; was in the employ of J. F. Schoellkopf, 1855-65 ; was an alderman of Buffalo, 1874-75, and a member of the board of fire commissioners, 1884-96; has con- ducted a tannery in Buffalo since 18()5. 15 W Zn TEL, WADSWORTH J.; resides in Buffalo; was born at Detroit, Mich., No- vember 24, 1855 ; was educated in public schools and Bryant & Stratton's Business College ; was clerk in a wholesale drug and grocery house at Akron, O., 1870-73 ; was in the employ of Philip Becker & Co., Buffalo, 1873-88 ; married Sarah Goetz of Buffalo May 13, 1880 ; has been a proprie- tor of the Buffalo Candy Co. since 1891 : was elected treasurer of Erie county in November, 1897 3(il W ^^C['