li^»i§ili^'^l:S;gl:jJ^gr;.B;: 
 
 687 
 
Lol-c/^j '.^-y 
 
GEO. S. SIMON !)S, Prekidknt. W. H. BELL, Cashiku. 
 
 First State Bank, 
 
 Belleville, Kansas. 
 
 TRANSACT A GENERAL BANKING BUSINESS. 
 Special Attention Given to Collections. 
 
 Farm Loans negotiated at 9 per cent. 
 
 annual interest; interest and 
 
 principal payable at 
 
 this Bank. 
 
 Buy and sell Foreign and Domestic Exchange. Drafts 
 issued on the principal cities of Great Britain and 
 Europe. 
 
 Alsoag-ents for the " National Line" Steamship Co. 
 Tickets sold to and from the principal cities of Europe. 
 
 J. E. Smith, Pres't First National Bank, Beatrice, Neb. 
 S. C. Smith, Cash First National Bank, Beatrice, Neb. • 
 E. A. Hallowell, Reg oF Deeds, Belleville, Kan. 
 Geo. S. Simonds and W. H. Bell. 
 
 CORRESPONDENCE SOLICITED, 
 
 which will be given satisfactory attention. 
 
THE REPUBLIC COUNTY 
 
 Co-Operative Association, 
 
 iV NO. I059 P. OF H., 
 
 was organized in December, 1881, with a capital of 
 $1,050, which has more than doubled. 
 
 The officers are: I, O. Savage, Chairman; H. O. 
 Studley, Secretary; E. Powell, Treasurer; A. Shaw, 
 Business Manager and Salesman. 
 
 Board of' Directors: W. H. Boyes, D. P. Thompson. 
 John Harris, J. J. Burkman. 
 
 This Association carries on a general trade in 
 
 fc> 
 
 Merchandise ^ Farm Products, 
 
 at the N. W. Corner of Public Square. 
 
 Keep constantly on hand a large and well selec-ted stock 
 
 )OF( 
 
 Dry Goods, Groceries, Boots, Shoes, Clothing, Hats, 
 
 CAPS AND NOTIONS. 
 
 Goods new and fresh, and prices as low as any house 
 in northwest Kansas. 
 
 Rebate to Stockholders, ist Quarter 5 per cent. 
 
 last " 37.8 " 
 
J. C. I'KICK, Attornky at r.AVV. .MIi;i't>X GIU.M, Notakv ITiu.ic. 
 
 REAL ESTATE AGENTS, 
 
 Have a large list of Improved Farms and Unim- 
 proved Lands for sale. 
 
 A. D. WILSON, 
 
 .\TTOENEY AT LAW, 
 
 SOANDIA, - KANSAS. 
 
 rnft.\[PT ,\rr::NTi'iN (tiNHS t«i all bi'sinkms. 
 
 T. M. NOBLE, 
 
 Attorney and Counselor at Law. 
 
 Office, West Side Public S(,)Uake, 
 BELLEVILLE, - - KANSAS. 
 
 S. F. VINTON, 
 
 Real Estate and Loan Agent, 
 
 IIUBBELL, - - NEBRASKA. 
 
 COLLECTIONS ATTENDED TO WITHOUT DELAY. 
 
 Taxes paid for non-residents. Correspondence solicited. Business 
 promptly attended to. 
 
 YOUR PATRONAGE SOLICITED. 
 
A. L. WHITNEY, 
 
 MANUFACTURER AND DEALER IN 
 
 HARNESS Sm saddles, 
 
 :)AND(:- 
 
 Saddlery Hardware. 
 
 LIGHT WORK A SPECIALTY. 
 
 SCANDIA, 
 
 KANSAS, 
 
 A. KEELER, 
 
 ODKALER IN(: 
 
 Dry fiools, Notimis, Clotig, Hats 
 
 CAPS, BOOTS, SHOES, 
 
 GROCERIES i QUEENSWARE. 
 
 ►ifWill Buy and Sell all Kinds of Country Produce.4i* 
 Best Goods for the Least Money. 
 
THE OLD RELIABLE 
 
 STOR N 
 
 HD 
 
 u 
 
 A. A. CHENEY, Proprietor. 
 
 A full line of Nursery Stock constantly on hand, compris- 
 ing all kinds of 
 
 FRUIT TREES, EVERGREENS, 
 
 Small Fruits and Shrubbery. 
 
 All home-grown stock, and warranted true to name. Satisfac- 
 tion guaranteed, and prices reasonable. 
 
 Orders taken at any time, and filled in season. 
 
 B@°^Rememl)er the place, 8 miles north and 1 1-2 miles 
 east of BELLEA ILLE, KANSAS. 
 
 m iLLEyiLLE TELESCOPE. 
 
 (The Official Paper of Republic County.) 
 
 Established, 1870. Circulation, 850. 
 
 J. C. HUMPHREY, Publisher and Proprietor. 
 
 The Oldest Paper in Republic County, 
 
 and has the largest circulation, consequently the 
 BEST ADVERTISING MEDIUM. 
 
 Terms of Subscription, $1.50 per annum in advance. 
 Advertisingr rates made known on application. 
 
Fafms, UnimpfoveJ Laods and Towo Lots 
 
 IN REPUBLIC COUNTY, KANSAS, 
 
 FOR SALK liY 
 
 D. C. GAMBLE, SEAPO, KAS. 
 
 KJO-acve Fai'iu tor ^IJlOO; ]»artially iin|»r()vc(l. 
 l()()-ac-re Vnvm for !!?2,<)00 ; living water. tiinlK'i-. etc. 
 l(SO-acre Farm for $2,500 ; creek, tiinbei-, etc. 
 320-acre Farm foi' $0,500 ; fine l)uil(lings, ci'eek, etc. 
 
 SO-acre Farm for $1,500 ; good lioiise, well improved. 
 1(50 acres, nnimjn'oved, $1,040 ; one-fourtli cash, — Indance, time. 
 ()40 acres, unim])r()ved, $4,200 : one-fonrtli casli. and four years" 
 time on the hahmce. 
 
 If you want to huy or sell a Farm, call (»n me, oi- address me, 
 at above place. 
 
 Clyde, Concordia and TjAWiiE\CKni'U(iii, are railroad sta'ii'ns 
 for Sj;ap'). 
 
 THEODORE HLIRTZ. 
 
 Eki mm i ioi i!ii(i. 
 
 FIRE AND LIFE INSURANCE. 
 
 SCANDIA, 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 WILL G. KING, 
 
 COUNSELOR AT LAW, 
 
 LAND AND LOAN BROKER. 
 
 S])ecial attention given to ColU'cting, Tax Paying, and othei- 
 Imsiness for non-residents. 
 
 SCANDIA, KANSAS. 
 
A HISTORY 
 
 Republic County 
 
 KANSAS, 
 
 EMBRACING A FULL AND COMPLETE ACCOUNT OF ALL THE 
 LEADING EVENTS IN ITS HISTORY, FROM ITS 
 
 FIRST SETTLEMENT DOWN TO JUNE ist, 1883. 
 
 ALSO, THE TOPOdRAPHY OF T]IE OOENTY, 
 
 INC:LI'])ING soil, CLIMATK, TIMKKR, streams, WATKU I'OWEK, COAL, 
 SALT, etc;., etc. 
 
 STATISTICS, 
 
 sno\VIN(; INCREASE IN WEALTH AND POPULATION, RAILROADS, 
 CHURCHES, SCHOOLS. NEWSPAPERS, SECRET SOCIETIES, ET(\ 
 
 A FULL LIST OF THE EX-SOLDIERS OF THE COUNTY, 
 
 GIVING RANK, COMPANY, REGIMENT, STATE, AND BRANCH OF THE 
 SERVICE TO VV'HICH THEY BEL<^NGED. 
 
 AND OTHER VALUABLE INFORMATION NEVER BEFORE PUBLISHED. 
 
 -4- 
 
 BY L O. SAVAGE. 
 
 TOPEKA, KANSAS: 
 
 DAILY CAPITAL PRINTING HOUSE, PRINTERS, 
 
 1883. 
 
IK 
 
 »cf 71*0 
 PEEFACE. 
 
 V-U7' 
 
 A single county, in the great State of Kansas, occupies but an 
 insignificant place on the map of the world ; and its people and its 
 story are comparatively unknown. Yet the grand river of national 
 history is formed by the union of many rills of traditions and record, 
 flowing from a thousand counties and States all over the land. The 
 tracing of one of these rills to its source is the province of the present 
 little volume. It is the aim of this work to collect and preserve some 
 of the facts of the early settlement, subsequent growth and develop- 
 ment of one of the leading counties of a young, yet great and glorious 
 State. The families who were early on the ground, and whose mem- 
 bers have contributed to make the county what it is, are worthy of 
 remenjbrance ; and their difficulties and sorrows, labors and patriotism, 
 should not be allowed to fall into oblivion. By a knowledge of these, 
 the present generation will be instructed, and the future will be 
 guided. All history, if properly written, is profitable; and there is 
 not a country, or a city, or a hamlet, on the globe, whose history might 
 not be more or less valuable to posterity. We trust this little volume 
 will be the means of preserving from the empire of decay, a host of 
 incidents, of recollections and of anecdotes, relating to the land of pio- 
 neers and first settlers of the county, which, in the estimation of the 
 historian and student of history, are of priceless value, but which 
 otherwise would soon fade from the memories of the living. 
 
 Still, a perfect and complete history of any county is one of the impos. 
 sibilities, and this work may be incomplete in many particulars. Nor, 
 indeed, is it possible for it to be otherwise, as it is not permitted any 
 man to attain perfection. Its regions lie beyond our reach. Owing to 
 the size of the work, many events, persons and institutions worthy of an 
 extended notice, are, by ihe exigencies of the case, but briefly alluded 
 to, and many others rejected entirely. In addition to the work origin- 
 ally contemplated, we have added a patriotic record of each ex-soldier 
 now a resident of the county, who served in the war of 1812, war with 
 Mexico, Indian wars, and the war of the rebellion ; and we call upon 
 all such to assist us in disseminating this work. In collecting the facts 
 here presented, we have drawn largely from our own observations, but 
 are much indebted and hereby acknowledge our obligations, to many 
 of the hardy pioneers and first settlers of the county, for early incidents^ 
 recollections, and other valuable information which could be obtained 
 in no other manner. I. O. S. 
 
6^ 
 
 KIT 
 
 mtiiM^ij 
 
 Sff^ti 
 
 It A. 
 
 R.I 
 
 1' 
 
 I U VI ?| JNew Tabor c^'"'r i [jj 
 
 S/o <J ffteitjoii* b f P W I i M^ 
 
 G - 
 
 lUna, McMallj li Co., Engt'3, Chicago 
 
INTRODUCTORY HISTORY. 
 
 KAUI.Y EXPLORATIONS — LOUISIANA PURCHASE — KANSAS AND NKBRASKA 
 lULL — IJORDER-RUFFIAN WAR — TOPEKA AND WYANDOTTE CONSTITU- 
 TIONS — ADMISSION OF KANSAS AS A FREE STATE. 
 
 The Spaniards were the first white people who made explorations 
 here. As early as 1540, Coronado, a Spaniard, commanded an expedi- 
 tion which marched fr m Mexico northward, in search of gold, silver, 
 and precious stones, explored the region of the Colorado, examined the 
 country now known as New Mexico, and penetrated as far east as 
 Kansas, which he named Quivira, and northward to the 40th degree 
 of latitude, the northern boundary of the State. Finding no gold, 
 which seems to have been the leading object of the expedition, he 
 returned to Mexico, leaving Kansas early in the year 1542. On his 
 return to Mexico, he reported that the regions through which he passed 
 were not fit to be colonized. This expedition made the first explora- 
 tions in Kansas of which we have any record. Forty years later, the 
 Spaniards, after conquering the natives, colonized New Mexico. In 
 April, 1682, La Salle, a French discoverer, took formal possession of 
 the mouth of the Mississippi River, for the King of France ; and the 
 country on the banks of the river received the name of Louisiana, in 
 honor of King Louis XIV., then at the height of his power, Louis- 
 iana was understood to embrace all the country drained by i he waters 
 emptying either directly or indirectly into the Mississippi River. This 
 made Kansas a possession of France, 
 
 November 3, 1762, France cedes Louisiana to Spain. This cession 
 made Kansas Spanish, In 1769, the Spanish troops took possession of 
 Louisiana, and the dominion of Spain begins, and continues until 1802, 
 when, almost without consideration, she, by secret treaty, retrocedes 
 Louisiana to France, and Kansas again becomes French territory. 
 April 30, 1803, a treaty was concluded between the United States and 
 the French Republic, by which France concedes Louisiana to the 
 United States. The treaty was negotiated, on the part of France, by 
 Barbe-Marbois, the French minister, and by Robert R. Livingstone 
 and James Monroe on the part of the United States, and Kansas 
 becomes the property of Uncle Sam. The above, briefly stated, is the 
 chain of title. By this, the United States acquired 1,160,577 square 
 miles of territory, or 742,769,280 acres of land. The purchase price 
 was fifteen millions of dollars, or a fraction over two cents per acre. 
 
10 Ilixforji (if R('iniUlic < '(III lit I/. 
 
 This purchase was made during the administration of Thomas Jeffer- 
 son, and was approved by the entire nation as an act of the greatest 
 importance, as it doubled the area of the United States, and placed the 
 whole valley of the Mississippi within the territory of the Republic. 
 Congress at once divided this great region into two territories, the 
 territory of Orleans, corresponding to the present State of Louisiana, 
 and the District of Louisiana, comprising the remainder of the pur- 
 chase. On the 22d of May, 1854, the House passed the Kansas- 
 Nebraska bill, providing for the organization of the territories of Kan- 
 sas and Nebraska. The Senate passed the same bill on the 24th, and 
 it was signed by President Pierce on the 30th. The passage of this act 
 opened the door to a bloody and bitter conflict in Kansas between 
 slavery and free labor, which continued with almost unabated fury 
 until the admission of Kansas into the Union as a free State. On the 
 29th of June, 1854, Andre^\ H. Reeder, of Pennsylvania, was 
 appointed by President Pierce Governor of Kansas ; and November 29 
 of the same year, an election was held for choosing a delegate to Con- 
 gress, which resulted in the election of J. W. Whitfield, the pro-slavery 
 candidate, he receiving 2,258 votes, to 574 votes for Free-State candi- 
 dates. Whitfield took his seat, and held it until March 3, 1855, the 
 close of the 33d Congress. Was re-elected October 1, 1855, receiving 
 2,721 votes, the Free-State men not voting. The first election for 
 members of the Territorial Legislature was held by districts, March 30, 
 1855, thirteen members of the Council, and twenty-six members of the 
 House, resulting in the choice of the pro-slavery candidates by large 
 majorities. This Legislature convened, by order of the Governor, at 
 Pawnee, near Ft. Riley, nearly one hundred miles from the border, 
 and supposed to be far enough away to be free from intimidation by 
 the Missourians. Pawnee was a retired and quiet place ; and the mem- 
 bers, no doubt, frequently called to mind that passage of Scripture 
 which reads something like this, "The foxes have holes, and the birds 
 of the air have nests, but this Kansas Legislature has not a peg to hang 
 its hat on." The executive office was also established at Pawnee. 
 On the 6th of July, both branches of the Legislature passed, over the 
 Governor's veto, an act removing the seat of government from Pawnee 
 to the Shawnee Manual Labor School, in Johnson county, near the 
 Missouri border. August 8th, the Legislature, in joint session, voted 
 to establish the permanent seat of government at Lecompton, Upon 
 re-assembling at Shawnee, the Legislature proceeded to adopt the laws 
 of Missouri as the laws of Kansas, and to frame a series of laws 
 designedly cruel and oppressive to the Free-State men. Nearly all 
 
flistor// of Ixcjiiililic Cult lit If. 11 
 
 the acts of this Legislature took effect as soon as passed. They made 
 a volume of 1058 pages, and were commonly called the " Bogus Laws." 
 Under these laws, none but pro-slavery men could hold office ; and 
 every officer, whether elected or appointed, was compelled to take an 
 oath to support the Fugitive Slave Law. This was also the oath 
 administered to every attorney admitted to practice in the courts. 
 Under these laws, any person found with a New York Tribune in his 
 pocket, was deemed guilty of felony, the punishment being imprison- 
 ment at hard labor for two years. These law^s were vetoed by Gover- 
 nor Reeder, but passed by a nearly unanimous vote over his head. 
 Governor Ree ler being odious to the pro-slavery party, and to the 
 administration at Washington, was removed August 16, and AVilson 
 Shannon, of Ohio, appointed in his stead. In the meantime, the Free- 
 Soil settlers had increased so rapidly that they outnumbered the pro- 
 slavery settlers. They now felt themselves strong enough to resist the 
 outrages of the Missourians, and accordingly, on the 5th of September 
 1855, held a convention at Big Springs, formally organized the Free- 
 State party, adopted a platform, in which they distinctly and emphat- 
 ically repudiated the government that had been forced upon them by 
 men who were not residents of the Territory. They announced their 
 intention not lo take part in the election of a delegate to Congress, 
 which the territorial authorities had ordered to be held on the first of 
 October, and called upon the actual residents of the territory to send 
 delegates to a convention to be held at Topeka on the 19th of September. 
 This convention ordered an election to be held for the purpose of 
 choosing a delegate to Congress. On the 23d of October, the conven- 
 tion adopted a Free-State constitution, known as the Topeka constitu- 
 tion. An election for State officers, under this constitution, was held 
 January 15, 1856, and Charles Robinson was chosen Governor, 
 receiving 1,296 votes, the pro-slavery party not voting. The struggle 
 for the possession of the Territory now passed out of politics. The 
 outrages of the pro-slavery men had forced the Free-State men into 
 an attitude of direct and uncompromising resistance ; and after the 
 action of the latter at Topeka, the struggle, which had hitherto been 
 comparatively bloodless, changed its character, and became an open 
 and sanguinary war between the two parties, in which the pro-slavery 
 men were the aggressors. Bands of men, armed, and regularly organ- 
 ized into companies and regiments, came into the Territory from South 
 Carolina, Georgia, and the extreme southern States, with the avowed 
 design of making Kansas a slave-holding State at all hazards. 
 
 May 26th, 1856, under the pretext of aiding the United States 
 
1:^ IL'-sfO)-// of /u'/>l(/>//r CoHllf//. 
 
 Marshal to serve certain processes upon the citizens of Lawrence, they 
 captured and sacked that town, burned several houses, killed several 
 of its citizens, and inflicted a property loss upon it amounting to 
 $150,000. From this time, the war went on in a series of desultory 
 but bloody encounters, in nearly all of which John Brown took an 
 active and prominent part, some of which assumed the proportions of 
 battles. The Free-State Legislature met at Topeka, March 4lh, 
 received the message of Governor Robinson, appointed three commis- 
 sioners to prepare a code of laws, elected James H. Lane and Andrew 
 H. Reeder United States Senators, prepared a memorial to Congress, 
 asking admission into the Union under the Topeka constitution, and 
 adjourned to meet July 4th, having been in session four days. This 
 memorial was presented to Congress by Lewis Cass, of Michigan, in 
 the Senate, and by Representative Mace, of Indiana, in the House. 
 July 3d, the House passed Grow's bill for the admission of Kansas 
 under the Topeka constitution, but the Senate, being pro-slavery, 
 refused to concur. The Free-State Legislature met at Topeka, July 
 4th, pursuant to adjournment. Col. Sumner, of the First Cavalry, 
 appears in the House, and then in the Senate, and orders each body 
 to disperse. He was acting under orders from Acting-Governor 
 Woodson and President Pierce. The Legislature obeys the order. 
 Gov. Shannon received notice of his removal August 21st, and Acting- 
 Governor Woodson calls out the militia, and declares the Territory in 
 a state of open insurrection and rebellion. This was the darkest day 
 during the whole struggle for the Free-State men, and large numbeis 
 of them left Kansas. 
 
 January 6th, 1857, the Free-State Legislature again met at Topeka. 
 Gov. Robinson and Lieut. Gov. Roberts are absent, and there is no 
 quorum. Re-asserabled on the 8th with quorum present, organize, and 
 appoint a committee to again memorialize Congress to admit Kansas 
 under the Topeka constitution. After adjournment, a dozen or more 
 of the members were arrested by a United States Marshal, and sent as 
 prisoners to Tecumseh. Met again on the 8th without presiding 
 officers and without quorum, the president of the Senate and the 
 speaker of the House being prisoners at Tecumseh. It appears to 
 have been the tactics of the pro-slavery party, backed by the admin- 
 istration at Washington, to arrest a sufficient number of members to 
 break a quorum, and thus prevent legislation. Late in July, John 
 W. Geary was appointed Governor in place of Wilson Shannon, 
 removed. The second session of the Territorial Legislature met at 
 Lecompton, January 12th, 1857, to enact more " bogus laws." The 
 
Free-State men had no part in the election of this House, and the 
 whole Legislature remained pro-slavery. All bills vetoed by Gov. 
 Geary were promptly passed over his head, in accordance with a 
 secret agreement at the commencement of the session. Gov. Geary 
 exerted himself honestly to restore peace, freedom of speech and of the 
 press, and asked the repeal of many of the bogus laws. But, finding 
 himself powerless, and fearing assassination from the pro-slavery 
 party, he secretly left Kansas, March lOth, as Gov. Reeder had done 
 before him. 
 
 President Buchanan appointed as successor to Gov. Reeder, Robert 
 J. Walker, of Mississippi, a man of eminence and ability, who sin- 
 cerely desired to effect a settlement of the quarrel, and who succeeded 
 in iaducing the Free-State party to vote, at the coming election, for 
 members of the Territorial Legislature, and a delegate to Congress, 
 assuring the people that the election should be fair and free. The 
 election was held October 5th, 1857, which resulted in the election of 
 a large majority of Free-State men to the Legislature, and of M. J. 
 Parrott, Free-State candidate, for delegate to Congress, by a majority 
 of over 4,000. This wais the first free and fair election held in the 
 Territory. Gov. Walker resigned December 17th, and James W. 
 Denver was appointed in his stead. Denver acted as Governor until 
 October, 1858, when he in turn resigned, and Samuel Medary, of 
 Ohio, was appointed November 19th, 1858, and who continued in 
 office until January, 1861, and was the Democratic candidate for 
 Governor, under the Wyandotte constitution, against Charles Rol)inson, 
 December 6th, 1859, but was defeated by over 2,500 votes. 
 
 In January, 1859, the civil strife having partially subsided in the 
 Territory, and the Free-State men having a majority in the Legis- 
 lature, a convention was summoned at Wyandotte. It met in July, 
 and adopted a Free-State constitution, which was submitted to the 
 people October 4th, and ratified by a majority of 5,000. The Wyan- 
 dotte constitution was then laid before Congress, and a bill admitting 
 Kansas into the Union passed the House early in 1860. The Senate, 
 however, failed to act upon the bill. At the next session, the measure 
 was revived ; and on the 29th of January, 1861, the opposition of the 
 South having ceased by reason of the withdrawal of a large number 
 of the southern Representatives and Senators from Congress, Kansas 
 was admitted into the Union as a free State, adopting as her motto: 
 " Ad astra per aspera " — To the stars through difficulties. 
 
CHAPTER 1. 
 
 TirK OLD PT.Af; — INDIAN* JIASSACKE NEAR THE PRESENT .S[TE OF KEPLIBI.U; 
 CITY, IN 1><57. 
 
 On the loth day of July, 1806, Zebulon M, Pike, a young army 
 officer, left Belle Fontaine, a small town near the mouth of the Mis- 
 souri river, to make explorations in Kansas. He had with him a 
 party of Osage Indians who had been redeemed from captivity among 
 the Pottawatomies. These he was to take back to their friends on the 
 headwaters of the Osage river, on the border of what is now Kansas, 
 and then push on to the seat of government of the Pawnee Republic, 
 located somewhere on the Republican river. He reached the Pawnee 
 village September 25th, and found the Spanish flag floating from a 
 pole in front of the head chief's lodge, a large party of Sp.-inish troops 
 having passed this way but a short time previous. Pike, although 
 having but twenty men under his command, ordered the Spanish flag 
 hauled down, and the American flag run up, which order was obeyed. 
 This village, according to the map of the route of Pike's travels, his 
 description of the river at this point and the country adjacent, was on 
 the present site of the city of Scandia, Republic county; and so the dear 
 old flag which so proudly floats from the flagstaff" to-day* first floated 
 to the breeze in Republic county on the 25th day of September, 1806. 
 I give this as traditional only, but from the best information that can 
 be gathered. I assume that we are reasonably safe in believing it to 
 be true. 
 
 We are indebted to A. B. Whiting, formerly of Clay county, but 
 now living in Topeka, for the following account of an Indian massacre 
 committed in Republic county, near the present town site of Republic 
 City, in the year 1857 : — 
 
 The overland emigration to California and Oregon in 1857 was im- 
 mense. During May and June in that year, the trails leading west- 
 ward across Kansas were crowded with the trains and herds of the 
 emigrants. So heavy was the travel on the old Mormon trail leading 
 northwest from Fort Riley, that for many days it moved in three or 
 four parallel columns. This rush of stock led some few trains to try 
 the new route, barely marked by a government train in 1855, up the 
 
 'Portions of this history were delivered as an address at Belleville, July 4th, 
 1882, to the people there assembled to celebrate the day. 
 
Tllxfori/ of llfjDihlic ('(iKiifii. 15 
 
 Republican valley, but. soon to be opened and bridged between Forts 
 Riley and Kearney, as the chance for grass was much better by this 
 route. 
 
 A party of twenty-five, men, women and children, from Arkansas, 
 with eight wagons, four hundred head of stock, and some few saddle 
 horses, took this route ; and early in June passed by the frontier set- 
 tlements, and traveled leisurely up the Republican valley, now an 
 ocean of grass dotted with the bright spring flowers. 
 
 Ignorant of the dangers of the route, and reveling in the abundance 
 of game and fish which this route afforded, and improving the oppor- 
 tunity to recruit stock and teams before they should reach the regions 
 of scanty forage, they were loath to leave the beautiful, happy valley. 
 The watchful eyes of the savages were upon them ; and their neglect 
 of setting guards and enforcing semi-military discipline soon revealed 
 to the Indians, who were dogging the train, that it could be surprised 
 and robbed with small danger to the attacking party. 
 
 The train camped for the last time in the valley at that point in 
 Republic county where the old military road left the Republican and 
 struck across the prairie for tbe Little Blue, more than one hundred 
 miles from Fort Riley. This point was at, or near, the present site of 
 Republic City. Just as the train was hitching up to roll out of camp 
 in the early morning, the Indians charged, shouting through the train, 
 and shooting in every direction, to stampede the stock and drive the 
 owners from the train. All was disorder and confusion, and little 
 resistance was made. They fled from the train, many of them just as 
 they rose from their beds. Smith, the captain and largest owner, in 
 attempting to escape on a horse, was shot, his body stripped of valua- 
 bles, and mutilated in a shocking manner. 
 
 Four of the men in the train were killed, others wounded, one 
 young wom'an very seriously. But plunder, not blood, was the object 
 of the Indians ; and, as soon as the whites left the train, they left them 
 to their fate, and ransacked the wagons. A keg of whisky found 
 among the loading soon had the whole band engaged in a drunken 
 revel ; but, while the emigrants saw from the hills the Indians drunk 
 to helplessness, they dared not attempt to recapture the train 
 
 Their drunken orgies oyer, the Indians loaded their ponies from the 
 train. The wagon covers were stripped off, sacks of flour, meal and 
 dried fruit were poured on the ground that the bags might be carried 
 away, the clothing packed on the ponies, and, driving the herd of 
 stock, they started for their camp — wherever that might be. 
 
 The events of after years satisfied the settlers in the Republican val- 
 
10 Uii^forji of lii'pnhlu; County. 
 
 ley that this robbery was committed by the Pawnees, nominally friend- 
 ly, but ever ready to rob and murder when they thought it would be 
 charged up to Siouxs, Cheyennes, and other hostile tribes on the 
 plains. 
 
 Meanwhile, the emigrants, turned away from the train without food, 
 or means of procuring it ; with half the men in the party killed, includ- 
 ing the captain ; with sevt ral children, tbe wounded woman to care 
 
 for, and ninety miles from the settlement, — were in danger of starva- 
 tion. 
 
 Two men started for help. Without food or rest, and almost dead 
 from exhaustion, they reached the settlement in three days, coming to 
 the house of Moses Yonkin, in eastern Clay county. The settlement 
 was very small, few horses were in the country, and a sack of flour was 
 very hard to find ; but as soon as a team could be got together, bullets 
 run, and provisions found, Moses and Wm. Yonkins and A, B. Whit- 
 ing started up the valley, while word was sent to Fort Riley asking 
 for help, and the country was scoured to follow those on the way ; but 
 so scarce were horses, that in twenty miles only three could be found 
 for the trip. A.nd now the relief party began to meet the emigrants 
 in bands of twos and more, the strongest first, as they straggled to- 
 ward the settlement, but so scared, crazsd and bewildered that they 
 fled and hid away from the friends who were bringing them relief. 
 The sixth day after the attack the relieving party found the last of 
 the emigrants about thirty miles from the scene of the butchery. An 
 old white-headed woman, her long hair streaming in the wind, almost 
 borne on the shoulder of her son. he fainting from the wound of a pois- 
 oned arrow that afterward caused his death, having on his other arm 
 a couple of old muskets, and a fire brand in his hand, both haggard, 
 dirty, bloody and wild, — they presented a spectacle once seen never to 
 be forgotten. And when the certainty of help and relief came to 
 them, their utter prostration and helplessness told as words could not 
 the sufferings they had endured. 
 
 It is a suflScient commentary on the administration of James 
 Buchanan, that, in a case like this, with six companies of cavalry at 
 Fort Riley, not a man, nor a gun, nor a ration, could be had for the 
 relief of this unfortunate party till after a handful of poor frontier set- 
 tlers had gone out, gathered them up, and brought them to the Fort. 
 And this is only one of many instances where frontier settlers in Kan- 
 sas, and notably in Republic county, "stood picket" for the United 
 States troops, who were placed near the frontier ostensibly for its pro- 
 tection. 
 
 The survivors of these emigrants mostly returned to Arkansas, a 
 few, however, remaining in Kansas. 
 
CHAPTER 11. 
 
 REPUBLIC COUNTY. 
 nouxDARrivs ok the couitTy defined— early settlemknts— first schools 
 
 — EARLY MAIL FACILITIES— INDIAN DEPREDATIONS— SYWASH A SrATTY- 
 HAT — CAPTAIN SCIIOOLEY AND BROTHER WEST — SALT CREEK MILITIA — 
 ETC., ETC. 
 
 The first mention we have of Republic county is by the Legislature 
 of 1860, which defined its boundaries acd gave it a name. It is so 
 called from its relations to the Republican river, which enters the 
 county near its northwestern corner, flowing a little east of south, 
 leaving the county about eight miles east of the southwest corner. 
 The river received its name by reason of the fact that at one time the 
 band of Pawnee Indians called the " Pawnee Republic " had its 
 principal village and seat of government in its valley. The bounda- 
 ries of the county, as fixed by the Legislature of 1860, are as follows : 
 Commencing at a point where the sixth principal meridian intersects 
 the base line of the State of Kansas ; thence south on said sixth prin- 
 cipal meridian, to the township line between townships four and five, 
 south ; thence west with said township line, to the range line between 
 ranges five and six, west of sixth principal meridian ; thence north 
 with said range line, to the base line of the State of Kansas ; thence 
 east on said base line, to the place of beginning. These boundaries 
 have never been changed ; and the idea, entertained by some of our 
 citizens, that the county originally embraced a larger area, and that 
 one tier orf townships on the south had been detached from Republic 
 and attached to Cloud county, is erroneous. The county is as large 
 to-day as it has ever been, being thirty miles from east to west, and 
 twenty-four from north to ' south, containing seven hundred and 
 twenty square miles, and is located in what is popularly called the 
 " northern tier," immediately south of the fortieth parallel of north 
 latitude, and west of the sixth principal meridian. It is bounded on 
 the north by Thayer and Nuckols counties, Nebraska, on the east by 
 Washington, on the soutTi by Cloud, and on the west by Jewell 
 county. It is one hundred and twenty-five miles, on an air line, west 
 of the Missouri river, and ninety miles northwest of the geographical 
 center of the United States. We think the above sufiiciently definite 
 to enable future immigrants to find the county without the; aid of 
 guide-boards on their hats. 
 2 
 
18 Hut(yr(i of Republic County. 
 
 Daniel and Conrad Meyers were the first white settlers of Republic 
 county, Daniel settling upon the E } of NE \ and E 2 of the SE i of 
 section 1, town 4 south, range 3 west, and Conrad taking W 2 of N 
 W 1 ant! W 2 of SW { of section 6, town 4 south, range 2 west, where 
 he now resides. 
 
 These settlements were made the 28th of February, 1861, The 
 nearest white settlement, at that time, was at Lake Sibley, in Cloud 
 county, which did not prove permanent on account of Indian depre- 
 dations. Conrad Meyers is the only one of the early settlers who did 
 not, at any time, leave the county on account of the Indian troubles, 
 and for more than four weeks during the spring of 1861 was the only 
 white person in Republic county. The nearest post-office at that time 
 was at Manhattan, eighty miles away ; and it is not, perhaps, neces- 
 sary to state that Mr. Meyers did not at that time take the daily 
 papers. 
 
 Daniel Meyers built the first dwelling house in September, 1861, a 
 comfortable log structure, in which he lived during his entire residence 
 in this county. John Meyers, a cousin, came with Daniel and Conrad, 
 but did not take up any land. He died the last of April, 1861, being 
 the first white settler who died in the county. 
 
 The next settler after the two Mr. Meyers was James G. Tuthill, 
 who arrived at Salt Marsh, now Seapo, on the 10th day of June, 1861, 
 and located on the NW i of section 28, town 4 south, range 2 west, 
 where he still resides. On the day of his arrival, he cut and hauled 
 four logs for the foundation of a house, intending to build at once, 
 but was obliged to return to Jefferson county, Kansas, his former 
 home, on account of the serious illness of his hired man, where he re- 
 mained until July 1st. when he returned with four men, intending to 
 complete the building of his house as speedily as possible. Again was 
 he disappointed, one of his men being so unfortunate as to have a bug 
 crawl into one of his ears on the night of his arrival; and, having no 
 means of removing the same, and fearing the same would prove fatal, 
 necessitated the return of the entire party to Jefferson county. Mr. 
 Tuthill then employed C. M. Way, a resident, at that time, of Jeffer- 
 son county, to come on and complete his house ; Mr.'Way, arriving at 
 the Marsh August 16th, 1861, but finding the country swarming with 
 Indians, returned at once to Clifton, where a small settlement had 
 already been made. 
 
 Mr. Tuthill remained in Jefferson county until the latter part of 
 September, 1861, when he again set out for Republic county, bringing 
 his family and two good men as help with him, arriving at the Marsh 
 
Ifis-ton/ of 7l('j)i(bh'c ('oii)iti/. 10 
 
 October 1st, and built that fall two houses of logs, each 18x20 feet. 
 Next to Mr. Meyers, these were the first buildings erected in the 
 county. 
 
 The winter of 1861-62 was yery mild, no snow or rain falling, and 
 little freezing weather, no ice forming thicker than a knife blade. 
 The spring opened very early, and Mr. Tuthill broke ten acres of 
 prairie at the Marsh in February, 1862, and had his garden all made 
 by the 10th of March. He had a splendid garden that year, melons 
 being ripe on the 4th of July. On Sunday after the 4th, about 6,000 
 Indians, — principally Pawnees, lowas and Otoes, — camped near Mr. 
 Tu thill's place, and harvested his melons and other garden truck most 
 successfully, but offered no violence to himself or family. After 
 everything on the place had been stolen, the chief in command placed 
 a double guard around the garden patch. This action of the chief 
 was very considerate, and highly appreciated by Mr. Tuthill after his 
 property had been stolen. 
 
 The next settlers were James VanNatta and Wm. Harshberger, the 
 former settling on the NW i of section 19, town 3-2, on the 10th day 
 of March, 1862, and the latter on the SW \- of same section and same 
 date. David and John Cory came in April of the same year, settling 
 on Salt Creek near Mr. Meyers, and are still living on the land 
 first taken. 
 
 The same spring a settlement was made on White Rock Creek, by 
 Mr. Philip Keyser, on what is now known as the Fisher farm. Key- 
 ser had been here but two months when the creek overflowed its 
 banks, and swept over the bottom to the depth of four feet or more, 
 and continued this way for nearly two weeks. Until very recently, 
 the driftwood at the foot of the hills indicated the hight of the water. 
 The water in this creek has not been as high since by five feet. Mr. 
 Keyser left as soon as the water fell so he could go, not liking that 
 kind of a drouth. 
 
 In the fall of 1863, S. M. Fisher, James Reed and one Clark, a 
 preacher, homesteaded the land now owned by Fisher, Johnson and 
 Lovewell, and remained upon it until the spring of 1864. That 
 spring the Pawnees and Cheyennes had a battle on the Ctown site of 
 White Rock, which resulted in the death of one of the Pawnee braves 
 named Sywasha Spattybat, the first blood known to have been spilled 
 in White Rock township. The presence of large numbers of Indians, 
 and their hostile demonstrations, so alarmed the settlers that they all 
 left, and no further settlement was attempted until the spring of 1866, 
 when Thomas Lovewell and others came back to stay. 
 
20 JJiiitorii of R('i>}ih]ii- ('(iKiitii. 
 
 But to return to the settlement on Salt Creek. In the fall of 1862, 
 Isaac M. Schooley settled on the NW 1 of section 7, town 4 south, 2 
 west, and made homestead entry No. 54 on the same, January 17th, 
 1863, and made final proof on the same September 10th, 1870. Dan- 
 iel Meyers made entry No. 55 on the E \ of NE ] and E ^ of SE \ 
 of section 1, town 4 south, range 3 west, on the 17th day of January, 
 1863, and made final proof January 17th, 18C8, being exactly five 
 years from the date of his homestead papers. Thus it appears that 
 Capt. Schooley made the first final proof in the county by reason of five 
 years' continuous residence on the land, and the eighth one in the 
 land district., the oifice being at that time located at Junction City. 
 
 John Cory made final proof on the W h of the SW i of section 
 7, and the W 2 of the NW i of section 18, town 4 south, range 2 west, 
 with land warrant, on the 5th day of October, 1864, thus becoming 
 the first real-estate tax-payer in the county. 
 
 The first prairie broken was by Daniel and Conrad Meyers in 
 March, 1861. The population of the county, according to the census 
 of 1861, was 5. In 1862 this number was augmented by the arrival 
 of David and John Cary, James VanNatta and family, making a total 
 of 13 at the close of that year. Rev. R. P. West came to Republic 
 county in October, 1863, and settled on the NW 1 of section 18, town 
 3 south, range 2 west. The entire population of the county at that 
 time was 47. Conrad Meyers paid $2.89 taxes in May, 1864, for the 
 tax of 1863, which was the first paid in the county. The first white 
 child born was Lincoln, son of Daniel and Matilda Meyers, September 
 15th, 1861. 
 
 The first persons married in the county were Sidney S. Way and 
 Madora Tuthill, at Salt Marsh, near the present town site of Seapo. 
 They were joined in the holy bonds by a United Brethren preacher 
 from Nebraska named Pring, in December, 1864. Edward Enoch 
 and a Miss Johnson were the second couple married, this marriage 
 being solemnized by Rev. R. P. West, in May, 1865. 
 
 The first school- house was built in the summer of 1867, an(i the first 
 school was taught in the fall of the same year by Margaret Tate, a 
 married lady, and oldest daughter of J. G. Tuthill. This school was 
 taught in Jefierson township, in a house bought of one of the pioneers, 
 named Peter Moe, and finished up for a school-house ; and, in later 
 years, occupied by W. P. Peake as a granary. There has been some 
 dispute about this first school-house business, and the above we give 
 on the authority of Bro. West, who has carefully investigated the 
 matter, and reports as above stated. 
 
Jlixlorii of nrpuhl!,' < 'nHlltjI. 21 
 
 The first school district that was laid off or formed was six miles 
 wide and twelve long, embracing all the territory occupied by the first 
 settlers. On the division of this district, by some mistake or other, 
 that part having the first school-house, and where the first school was 
 taught, was named No. 2, and district No. 1 wsis formed from territory 
 lying next on the south. 
 
 During the war the growth of the county was very slow, scarcely 
 averaging five families a year, the settlement of the country west of 
 the sixth principal meridian being regarded as an experiment only. 
 The only soldiers from Republic county in the war of the rebellion 
 were Ezra Spencer Ciry, son of our esteemed fellow citizen, David 
 Gary, who enlisted at Ft. Riley as a private in company C, 2 1 Kan- 
 sas Cavalry, August 27th, 1863, served a little more than a year, and 
 died at Springfield, Mo., March 9th, 1864, of disease contracted in the 
 service, and Wm. Harshberger, before mtntioned, who, from the best 
 information we can get, enlisted soon after leaving the county, and, 
 on the 8th of April, 1865, was commissioned by the President as 
 second lieutenant in the 5th U. S. volunteers. 
 
 As before stated, the nearest post-office was at Manhattan, 80 miles 
 from the settlement on Salt Creek, and more than 100 from the 
 settlement on White Rock ; and, about twice a month, some one of the 
 settlers made this pilgrimage for the mail, and to procure flour and 
 groceries for the settlement. The mail was brought to the residence 
 of J. E. Van Natta, and from there distributed. This continued until 
 the summer of 1863, when the mail route was exttnded to Fox 
 village, now called Clifton, 20 miles distant from the nearest settle- 
 ment in Republic county, and over 50 miles from White Rock. Two 
 years later the line was extended to Elk Creek, now called Clyde. 
 This extension was granted by the Government on condition that the 
 settlers pay all the expenses of carrying and handling the mails, which 
 they did for two years, Moses Heller, the first postmaster at Elk Creek, 
 having the contract for the same. The office was kept in a stovepipe 
 hat, the weekly mail never being sufficient to fill the hat half full. In 
 1868 the line was extended to Salt Marsh, and James G. Tuthill 
 appointed postmaster, this being the first post-office established in 
 Republic county. 
 
 The gospel of peace was first proclaimed in Republic county by 
 Wm. Harshberger, a Methodist Episcopal preacher, who came to the 
 county with J. E. Van Natta in March, 1862, and preached his first 
 sermon at Mr. Van Natta's house in April following, to a small 
 congregation, we judge, as the population of the county did not exceed 
 
'22 Il/sfor// i)f Ji('/>iihJ/c CoiDift/. 
 
 13 at that time. From what we can learn of the Rev. Mr. Harsh- 
 berger, we are inclined to the opinion that he was not possessed of a 
 superabundance of piety, his religion probably being of that sort which 
 would not well bear transportation across the Missouri river. His 
 place was soon filled, however, by R. P. West, who commenced 
 preaching in October, 1862, and who has preached more sermons in 
 Republic county than any other man living. Still, his work was not 
 confined to this county alone, but embraced a large scope of country, 
 his circuit being more extensive than is usually assigned to Methodist 
 preachers. As near as we can learn, his circuit was bounded on the 
 north by the Platte river, on the east by the Missouri, on the south 
 by the Kaw, and on the weit by the Rocky Mountains. 
 
 John Harris, jr., and James Swan were the first settlers on Mill 
 creek, in the eastern part of the county, locating on section 4, in Rich- 
 land township, March 5th, 1866, Mr. Harris taking a homestead on 
 the N i of NW i of section 4, and Swan filing on the NE i of the 
 same section. Ttiis land was, at that time, within the limits of the old 
 survey of the Kansas Pacific Railroad, their route at that time being 
 up the Republican river, but was changed to the Smoky Hill route in 
 the summer of that year. 
 
 The next settler to arrive in this part of the county was Edwin 
 Enoch, who settled on the NE I of section 2, Richland township, in 
 April, 1866. The next were by Z. P. Rowe and Jacob Hull, who came 
 the same summer. M. H. Harper, Henry Willoughby, Wm, Oliver, 
 an<l Samuel Elder came in the fall of the same year, Harper making 
 settlement in the north part of Elk Creek township, and the others in 
 the south part of Richland, John Swan came in the fall of 1867, Joe 
 Long and Ira Mclntyre in the fall of 1868. 
 
 The nearest post-office at that time was Haddam, in Washington 
 county, ten miles distant from this settlement. In the spring of 1868, 
 an office was established at Cuba, and Z. P. Rowe appointed post- 
 master. This was the seconil post-office established in Republic 
 county. 
 
 A school was started in the fall of 1867, tanght by Miss McBride, 
 in school district No. 4. This school district embraced a territory of 
 nine by fifteen miles, and a school population of eighteen at the time 
 of its organization. 
 
 John Harris was the first reporter of agricultural statistics from the 
 county, reporting to the Commissioner of Agriculture at Washington 
 for the years 1868 and 1869. He was also one of the first board of 
 county commissioners, being appointed by Gov. Crawford in 
 
Uixtiirif i>f li<jnihlic ('uu)iti/. 28 
 
 September, 18G8. The Indians were not troublesome in this neigh- 
 borhood, but confined their operations to the settlements faither west. 
 
 On the 15th of May, 1867, Thomas Register and his two sons, Job 
 and Robert, and one daughter, made a settlement on Rose creek, in 
 what is now Rose Creek township. This was the first settlement 
 attempted in the northeastern portion of the county. During the 
 summer of 1867. serious apprehensions of an Indian raid were 
 anticipated, so much so that Mr. Register and family, and a lew other 
 settlers, left their claims, and went some miles down the creek into 
 Nebraska, wbere, in company with the settlers of that region, they 
 erected a stockade or fort, and where they remained for several weeks. 
 Job and Robert Register are still living in Rose Creek township. 
 
 During the war, and even as far down as 1869 and 1870, the set- 
 tlers were almost constantly harassed by the Indians, their crops 
 destroyed, cattle and horses driven off", and occasionally a settler 
 butchered. 
 
 The first organized armed resistance to these depredations was 
 made in September, 1864, a company of militia having been formed 
 comprising about fifty men, all mounted, each man furnishing his own 
 horse, saddle and bridle, — made up of the early settlers of what is 
 now the counties of Clay, Cloud, Washiagton and Republic, com- 
 manded by Captain I. M. Schooley, with headquarters at Elk Creek, 
 now called Clyde. The arms and ammunition for this company were 
 furnished by the General Government, drawing the same at Fort Riley, 
 the nearest military post. The arms were old and condemned, and 
 consisted of Enfield, Springfield, Harper's Ferry muskets, some smooth 
 bore, some rough bore, and s tme with scarcely any bore at all ; but 
 all were considered good enough for the pioneers of Republic county 
 to fight Indians with. At the time arms were drawn, thirty days' 
 rations were furnished, consisting of bacon and hard tack ; and so this 
 little independent command was placed on a war footing. 
 
 Capt. Schooley held a commission from Gov. Robinson, and seems to 
 have been chosen to this distinction on account of gallant services 
 rendered in Missouri, or some other place, in the early part of the 
 war. He also seems to have been an exceedingly prudent and careful 
 commander, seldom, if ever, exceeding the authority vested in him by 
 virtue of his commission. 
 
 These were troublesome days, and many a feat of noble daring 
 remains to be recorded by the historian, and to be graphically told in 
 ballad and poem. Kansas has her tales of border Indian warfare 
 
24 Hiniorji of l-tcp^ihlir Ooioif//. 
 
 awaiting the pen of the novelist, and her chivalrous deeds awaiting 
 the poet's rehearsal. 
 
 When our future romancer shall come, one incident at least, con- 
 nected with the early history of Republic county, will court his atten- 
 tion, and render the valley of the Republican as romantic as the high- 
 lands of Scotland. It was in the autumn of 1804, when Capt. Schooky 
 and his command were preparing for a campaign up the Republican 
 river, and when the little band of heroic souls was drawn up on the 
 banks of the stream preparatory to starting. Yes, heroes ! ye readers 
 of tales of chivalry resonant with the clashing of swords against mailed 
 armor, and bedecked with gaudy plumes ! these hardy, rudely clad 
 frontiersmen, mounted on their horses taken from the plow, were as 
 great heroes as any you read of in your romances ; and, though no 
 fine court ladies bade these brave men adieu, they saw around them 
 wives, mothers, sisters and daughters, whose lives and homes were to 
 be protected from ruthless savages. The time for departure had 
 arrived. The gallant captain, seated on a noble charger, addressed 
 his company from a little eminence in front ; and, as the locklets from 
 his finely formed forehead floated on the morning breeze, and the 
 burning words fell from his determined lips, all felt that the Ifader 
 was worthy of his trust, and that he was every inch a hero. 
 
 In that company stood every male inhabitant of lawful age, and in 
 close proximity stood the women of their households. Good-bye came 
 at last, and heart-rending cries and sobs rent the air. The sun looked 
 down with a calnd, autumnal smile upon the brown prairie, and the 
 gentle Kansas zephyrs sighed, scarcely heard over the placid stream. 
 Life seemed beautiful and good ; but, alas ! man ever mars the har- 
 mony established by the Creator, and here on this beautiful morning 
 and on this lonely spot, stood a band of men in the very prime of 
 life's enjoyment, preparing to rush into the jaws of a cruel death. 
 Alas ! with so intrepid a leader, much danger must be encountered, 
 many a brave one must fall, and many a fair face must be mutilated 
 by savage hands. Shrieks and sobs rent the air, and wives and 
 children and gray-haired mothers clung to the noble men with the 
 grasp of despair. Only one woman among them all manifested no 
 emotion. The captain's wife stood unmoved amid all this scene of 
 sorrowing, and reminds us of one of Sparta's noble dames. She was a 
 noble woman, and worthy to be the wife of the gallant leader of his 
 fellows. No sign of grief, or fear, or sadness, did she betray. Not a 
 word escaped her lips until the* troops were about to start, and were 
 already drawn up in line ; then she waved her hand to the women to 
 
Ili^ffnri/ of UffUlhlii- < 'iHillll/. 
 
 be silent. Every one obeyed, as though this strange creature held a 
 magician's wand. All were silent and attentive, when, in clear, firm 
 tones, she thus addressed them : "readies, be composed. Why all 
 this demonstration ? Why make such a racket? There is going to 
 be no trouble, nobody hurt, nobody killed, unless through awkward- 
 ness some of them kill themselves. They are under the captain's com- 
 mand, and must obey his orders ; and, from a long and intimate 
 acquaintance with him, I know he will not lead them where there is 
 the least indication of danger. Dry your tears, and cease your wails. 
 This is a picnic excursion, 'only this, and m thing more.'" 
 
 This memorable campaign was followed by a reign of comparative 
 quiet, which lasted until April, 1807, when the Indians made another 
 hostile incursion into the country. During the summer of 1868, the 
 independent company of Salt Creek militia was organized, composed 
 wholly of settlers of Republic county, and numbering about fifty men, 
 with W. P. Peake as first lieutenant, to rank from August 24th, and 
 captain from September 8th, and W. H. H. Reily as first lieutenant 
 from the latter date. 
 
 The members of this company were : 
 John H. Frint, 
 
 J. H. Smock, 
 Chas. a. Campbell, 
 Horace Beers, 
 John W. Swan, 
 Daniel Morland, 
 Robert Swan, 
 Z. P. RowE, 
 Wm. W. Newlon, 
 T. C. Reily, 
 Conrad Meyers, 
 Geo. McChesney, 
 
 ThOS. J. ECKERT, 
 
 Wm. T. Campbell, 
 Jacob Shafer, 
 Edmund Powell, 
 Geo. J. Trowbridge, 
 William Shafer, 
 Noah Kunkel, 
 Thos. Hed(;ecoke, 
 Milton A. Daughertee, 
 Philo p. Way, 
 Geo. S. Willoughby, 
 William Oliver, 
 W. H. Willoughby, 
 
 Joseph Meyers, 
 Wm. Hardaker, 
 B. F. Sayler, 
 Geo. Shafer, 
 Wm. Bonham, 
 John McFarlane, 
 J. W. Cory, 
 John MqIntire, 
 J. E. Van Natta, 
 John G. Isaacs, 
 Hilbert Johnson, 
 West Union Spii^lman, 
 Michel Young, 
 John C. Reily, 
 Chas. W. 'Beebe, 
 David Cory, 
 Adams E. Cooly, 
 Hiram Jackson, 
 Geo. W. Wilcox, 
 Daniel Meyers, 
 Hudson Cooly, 
 Samuel Elder, 
 Lanty Oliver, 
 Augustus WiLLOUiaiBV, 
 Henry Vining. 
 
2(3 HiMory of Repuhlw County. 
 
 S. J. Crawford was, at this time, Governor of Kansas ; and the fol- 
 lowing characteristic letter from him was received by Oapt. Peake, 
 September 1st, 1868 : 
 
 State of Kansas, Office Executive Department, | 
 ToPEKA, August 23d, 1868. j 
 Capt. W. P. Peake, Salt Marsh, Kansas : 
 
 Please say to the settlers of Cloud and Republic counties that I am 
 now using every means in ray power to procure cavalry arms, with 
 ammunition, from the Government, and that I have notified the 
 President that the Indians must and shall be driven at once out of the 
 State, and not permitted to return. Also, that Gen. Sheridan has 
 agreed to send troops immediate 1-y to the Saline, Solomon, and 
 Republican valleys for ihe purpose of protecting the settlers. That 
 the people may rest assured that they will, in the future, be protected. 
 If the Government fails, the State will not, although I am seriously 
 embarrassed on account of the present Indian policy. 
 
 I hope the people will remain at their homes, and not abandon the 
 country. No possible effort will be spared to secure protection, and to 
 relieve the wants of those who are in a destitute and suffering 
 condition. I shall not rest until the Indians are driven out of the 
 State ; and, if they return within reach of the settlements, I trust the 
 people will dispose of them in the most summary manner. I shall 
 endeavor to do my duty. We have submitted to these atrocities 
 until forbearance has ceased to be a virtue. 
 
 Yours Respectfully, 
 
 S. J. Crawford, Governor. 
 
 P. S. — Please perfect the organization of one company of militia, 
 and haye a place of general rendezvous in case of danger. 
 
 S. J. Crawford. 
 
 Gov. Crawford served as colonel of a Kansas regiment during the 
 Rebellion, and was Governor of the State for the years 1867-8. He 
 was an earnest and devoted friend of the frontier settlers, very many 
 of whom still hold him in grateful remembrance. 
 
 "The Independent Company of Salt Creek Militia" was well 
 officered, tolerably well armed and equipped, and rendered very 
 efficient service in repelling Indian invasions. The arms and 
 ammunition for this company were furnished by the State, while each 
 mt»n furnished his own horse, saddle and bridle. 
 
 Fearing trouble from the Indians, nearly all the settlers on Salt and 
 Riley Creeks left their claims in May, 1869, and staid away until 
 July, at which time a small body of militia, belonging to Captain 
 Saunders' command, was sent to their aid, with headquarters on the 
 NE I of section 3, Belleville township, on land now owned by E. A. 
 Hallowell, where a log fort had been erected. This force was a God- 
 
Hhtori/ of ncjiKhlic ( \itiiiiii. '21 
 
 send to many of the early settlers, as several of this command were 
 expert marksmen, a dead shot on buffalo ; and it has been reported 
 that Texas cattle were sometimes mistaken for buffalo, as a large herd 
 of them had been stampeded in this neighborhood about this time, and 
 several head of stragglers remained in the vicinity for several days. 
 At any rate, nearly all the settlers had a plenty of buffalo meat as 
 long as any of the Texas cattle could be found. 
 
 The only actual settlers of Republic county known to have been 
 killed by the Indians, within the limits of the county, were Gordon 
 Windbigler, in Big Bend township, August 14th, 1868, and Malcolm 
 Granstadt, a Swede boy, at Scandia, in the spring of 1869. The 
 circumstances of the killing of Windbigler are about as follows : As 
 before stated, he was killed on the 14th day of August, 1868, and it 
 occurred on section 36, about three-fourths of a mile southwest of 
 where Republic City now stands. The settlers in this immediate 
 neighborhood at that time consisted of fourteen men, four women, and 
 five or six children — eight families in all. Their fortress, or place of 
 rendezvous in case of danger, was on the NW 1 of section 1, town 2, 
 range 5, the farm now owned by H. S. Stone, Esq., of Republic City, 
 and consisted of eight leg houses built around a square, and was 
 considered secure against any ordinary Indian attack. Among the 
 men were R. T. Stanfield, Daniel and David Davis, W. R. Charles, 
 Chas. Johnson. Lewis Boggs, Alexander Lewis, and Gordon Wind- 
 bigler, several of whom are still living in the same locality. David 
 Davis, Johnson, Lewis, and Windbigler were making hay near 
 the river, three miles above the fort, when they were suddenly 
 surprised and attacked by about 75 Indians, mounted on ponies, and 
 armed with revolvers and spears, or lances. Only one of the hay- 
 making party, Lewis, was armed, he acting as sentry, and carrying a 
 Spencer rifle. They had with them a team and wagon, and one saddle 
 horse. Tjiey immediately started for the fort, being hotly pursued by 
 the Indians, Windbigler riding on horseback in advance of the wagon 
 until when, within 80 rods of the fort, losing his hat, he stopped to 
 recover it, which brought him in rear of the wagon. The Indians, 
 having discovered by this time that he was unarmed, rode up within 
 pistol shot, fired on him, brought him to the ground, then speared him 
 with their lances, one of which severed the jugular vein, causing death 
 in a few minutes. Lewis now displays great coolness and bravery. 
 Seeing Windbigler fall, he leaves the wagon, and returns to the 
 assistance of his wounded comrade, with his trusted Spencer driving 
 
28 Hhionj of Rrpuhlic f*(nntt//. 
 
 the Indians to a respectful distance, and remains by the dead body of 
 his fallen companion until help arrived from the fort. 
 
 Soon after this, the settlers all left for the winter, and returned 
 again in the spring of 18H9. In May of that year, an attack was 
 made on Stanfield and two others, who were planting corn, but the 
 Indians were repulsed without loss to either party. In the same 
 month, a pariy of buffalo hunters, encamped on section 15, in the same 
 township, were surprised by the Indians, and six of their number, 
 after making a desperate resistance, were killed. This party was 
 composed of John Winklepleck and son, John McChesney, a man 
 named Berg, and three men from Michigan on a visit to friends in 
 Marshall county. The man who escaped was McChesney, now living 
 near Waterville, and well known to many of the citizens of this 
 county. 
 
 The Indians of the plains were loath to give up their ancestral 
 hunting grounds, and every summer camped and hunted in 
 the Republican valley. In the spring of 1869, a party of Cheyennes 
 and Arrapahoes came, as usual, and camped a few miles below the town 
 of Scandia, where a small settlement had been made the previous 
 summer. They killed buffalo, and skulked as near the settlers as 
 safety would permit. One day in May, they raised their camp, and 
 went off, apparently leaving the valley. The next morning the sentry 
 on the hill left his post, his services then being no longer needed, as 
 was supposed. Two boys, however were put to watch the settlers' 
 horses, grazing on the town site. Presently, two Indians were seen 
 swiftly riding down the rav ne east of town. One of the boys saw 
 their approach in time to run towards the house. The other boy, 
 Malcolm Granstadt by name, was still at his post^ till, with a clubbed 
 pistol, be was first knocked down, and then shot and killed. The 
 horses, five in number, were driven away, and never recovered. Two 
 of the ^horses taken on this occasion belonged to Robert Watson, of 
 White Rock township, and who is still a citizen of this county. Early 
 in the spring of 1870, an attack was made on the settlement at AVhite 
 Rock, near where the town of White Rock now stands. The 
 attacking party consisted of about 40 Indians, and quite a lively fight 
 ensued. No one was killed, so far as known, but several were 
 wounded, amoig whom was Samuel M. Fisher, who to-day wears an 
 ugly scar on his shoulder, made by the cowardly bullet of the demons 
 whose only prowess consists in assassinating the defenseless and the 
 unwary. 
 
 In June, 1869, R. T. Stanfield was commissioned captain of militia 
 
llli<forii of l{ri>uhlli- Coiiitln. "-^ 
 
 by Governor Harvey. During the summer he recruited a company 
 of 65, which included all the available men for miles around. Of this 
 company, Peter Johnson was first lieutenant, he also being; commis- 
 sioned by Gov. Harvey, and was a gallant officer. This company was 
 furnished by the State with Spencer carbines, ammunition and rations, 
 each man furnishing his own horse, saddle and bridle. Served a little 
 more than six months, the Indians soon learning to give this company 
 a wide berth. It is quite probable that the settlements on White Rock 
 would have been abandoned but for the protection afforded by this 
 militia company. The Indians claimed that, by treaty, they had a 
 right to perpetual occupancy of this country; and this claim they kept 
 up until 1870, when they very reluctantly abandoned all the country 
 east of the Republican river, but continued their depredations for a 
 year or two longer in the newer counties farther west. 
 
 The number of persons killed and wounded by Indians within the 
 limits of what is now Republic county may be briefly summarized as 
 follows: Emigrants killed in Big Bend township in 1857, 5 persons ; 
 wounded, 2 persons ; Windbigler killed in August, 1868 ; Granstadt, 
 the Swede boy, killed in the spring of 1869 ; six buffalo hunters killed 
 in Big Bend township in 1869 ; S. M. Fisher wounded at White Rock 
 in the spring of 1870 ; — making a total of thirteen killed and three 
 wounded. 
 
CHAPTER III. 
 
 FIRST LAW-SUIT IN THE COUNTY — COUNTY OROAXIZKD— OFFICERS APPOINT- 
 ED— FIRST ELECTION — RE-LOCATION OF COUNTY SEAT— COUNTY AGRI- 
 CULTURAL SOCIETY — HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY — DISTRICT COURT — FIRST 
 JURY IMPANELED— ETC., ETC. 
 
 James E. VanNatta, the first justice of the peace in Republic 
 county, was appointed by Gov. Crawford in 1867, holding the office 
 four years, the first law-suit in the county being tried before him in 
 1869. The parties to this suit were Henry Mead, plaintiff, and Con- 
 rad Meyers, defendant, the suit being for damages on contract on the 
 sale of a yoke of cattle by Meyers to Mead. In this suit, each party 
 was his own lawyer, the nearest attorneys at that time being at Man- 
 hattan or Marysville. 
 
 The law library of this county consisted of the territorial laws of 
 1859, the session laws of 1865, the Testament and Psalms in one vol- 
 ume, and the Blue Laws of Connecticut, the latter being kindly fur- 
 nished the court by J. C. Reily, the first trustee of Republic precinct, 
 then attached to Washington county. 
 
 This suit was decided in accordance with the law and evidence, and 
 no appeal taken. 
 
 On account of trouble with Washington county in regard to the 
 assessment and collection of taxes, the same being considered burden- 
 some and oppressive, and having to be paid at a remote distance, led 
 the settlers to take steps to organize the county at what has since been 
 considered too early a date. Accordingly, Mr. J. C. Reily, the first 
 assessor elected in the county, taking the assessment in June, 1868, 
 and at the same time taking the census, with a view of securing a 
 county organization, reported a population of three hundred and fifty 
 actual residents, too small a number, the law requiring six hundred. 
 But in August of the same year a special committee for taking the 
 enumeration was appointed by Gov. Crawford, consisting of W. P. 
 Peake and J. E. VanNatta, who, by careful counting, reported a pop- 
 ulation of between six and seven hundred. 
 
 In pursu 1 nee of said report, Gov. Crawford issued the following 
 order : — 
 
 State of Kansas, Executive Office, \ 
 Topeka, September 7th, 1868. j 
 Whereas, In due form of law, it has been made to appear that the 
 county of Republic, State of Kansas, contains the requisite number of 
 
llixtdri/ of llcjuihlle <'i)iiiit//. ■>! 
 
 inhabitants to entitle the people of said county to^a county organiza- 
 tion, 
 
 Now, therefore, I, Samuel J. Crawford, Governor of the State of 
 Kansas, by virtue of authority vested in me by law (and having c( m- 
 missioned county officers), do hereby locate the county seat of Repub- 
 lic county at Pleasant Hill, in School District No. 2 in said county. 
 
 In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand, and caused to be 
 affixed the Great Seal of the State. Done at Topeka the day and 
 year above written. S. J. Crawford. 
 
 By the Governor, 
 
 R. A. Barker, Sec'y of State. 
 
 The following named persons were commissioned by the Governor, 
 September 8th, 1868 : John Harris, jr., John M. Campbell and 
 Thomas C. Reily, county commissioners, and John McFarlane 
 county clerk ; and from this date Republic county takes its place 
 among the organized counties of Kansas. 
 
 The first election held in the county was prior to the county organ- 
 ization, and was held at J. G. Tuthill's house, at Salt Marsh, and was 
 for township officers only, the whole county being one voting precinct 
 and attached to Washington county. This election was held on the 
 fourth Monday in March, 1868. This was the wrong ^ay, but the 
 officers chosen were subsequently appointed by the commissioners of 
 Washington county. The officers elected were : J. C. Reily, 
 trustee; James VanNatta, justice of the peace; Thomas Durant, 
 justice of the peace ; J, H. Print, constable ; Charles Campbell, con- 
 stable. Whole number of votes polled, 13, of which Mr, Reily 
 received 8, I. M. Schooley, his opponent, 5. Mr, VanNatta had no 
 opposition. Mr. Frint received 6 votes, his opponent 6, which was 
 decided by casting lots, the office falling to Frint. 
 
 A mass convention was held at Pleasant Hill, October 2(»th, 1868, 
 and the first in the county, for the purpose of placing iu nomination 
 a candidate for representative in the State Legislature, and also to 
 nominate county officers, to be supported at the November election . 
 At this convention, 15 voters were present, and Capt. I. M. Schooley, 
 before mentioned, was nominated for representative, but was defeated 
 at the polls by R. P, West, independent candidate, by a majority of 
 9, Brother West receiving 37 votes and Capt. Schooley 28. It must 
 not be forgotten, however, that Brother West was a candidate for rep- 
 resentative in 1867 while we were yet attached to Wasliington county. 
 There were three candidates in the field and 172 votes cast, of which 
 S. F. ^nyder received 91, R. P, West 41, and Vernon Parker 40, Mr, 
 Snyder being elected by a plurality of 50 votes. At the November 
 
:i2 IJ/sfon/ of IlepuJtUc Connttj. 
 
 electiou, 1868, the following named persons were elected: R. P. West, 
 representative; W. W. Newloa, Z. P. Rowe and John M. Campbell, 
 county commissioners ; John McFarlane, county clerk ; James G. 
 Tuthill, county treasurer ; R. H. Viuing, sheriff; Wm. Hardaker, 
 surveyor ; B. F. Sayler, county superintendent ; John jVIcFarlane, 
 register of deeds; Daniel Meyers, probate judge. 
 
 The first meeting of the Board of Commissioners of which we have 
 , any record was held at Pleasant Hill, September 29fch, 1868, and the 
 first business transacted was the division of the county into three com- 
 missioner districts, as follows : — 
 
 Ordered, that townships 1, 2 and 3, of range 1, and the 
 E 2 of townships 1, 2 and 3, of range 2, shall be one voting town- 
 ship, and known by the name of Farmington township ; and 
 the place of election shall be at the house of John Harris, jr., on 
 section 3, town 3, range 1 ; and it was called Commissioner District 
 No. 1. 
 
 And the W 2 of townships 1, 2, and 3, range 2 ; and townships 1, 2 
 and 3, of range 3; and townships 1, 2 and 3, of range 4; and tpwn- 
 ships 1, 2 and 3, of range 5, — shall beone voting township, and known 
 by the name of Republic township, and the place of voting to be at 
 the sch jol-house at Pleasant Hill, and was called Commissioner Dis- 
 trict No. 2. 
 
 And township 4, of range 1 ; township 4, of range 2 , township 4, of 
 range 3 ; township 4, of range 4 ; township 4, of range 5, — shall be one 
 voting township, and known by the name of Grant township, the place 
 of voting to be at the residence of Jas. G. Tuthill, and was called Com- 
 missioner District No. 3. 
 
 After transacting a little other business, the Board adjourned until 
 dark. Board met at dark, pursuant to adjournment, and ordered that 
 election notices be posted in the several townships, and then adjourned 
 until the 6th day of November. 
 
 At the election in November, 1869, the following persons were 
 elected : Representative, R. P. West, over John Manning by a 
 majority of 13, 123 votes being polled ; county clerk, P. P. Way ; 
 county commissioners, Z. P. Rowe, J. H. Frint and G. W. Johnson ; 
 treasurer, G. J. Trowbridge, over John Swan by a majority of 2 
 votes; register of deeds, P. P. Way ; probate judge, Daniel Meyers; 
 county superintendent, Charles H)giu; sheriff, H, Willoughby ; 
 surveyor, N. O. Wilkie ; coroner, R. T. Harper, the latter receiving 
 only one vote. 
 
 The permanent location of the county seat was voted on at this 
 
in^torii of IxfpuJtJic ( ^t I II lit I/. oo 
 
 election, with the following result: Belleville, 5!) ; New Scandinavia, 
 42; SE 1 of section 17, town 4, range 1, 4; Salt Marsh, 1. Belleville 
 having received a majority over all, was declared the permanent 
 county seat. This election was, without doubt, fairly conducted. 
 
 At a meeting of the Commissioners, held at Pleasant Hill, January 
 '')d, 1870, after transacting some business, on motion, the Board 
 adjourned to meet at Belleville in case the court-house was finished ; 
 if not, to meet at the residence of P. P. Way, county clerk. Pursu- 
 ant to adjournment, the Board met at Belleville, April 4th, 1870, 
 being the first time they met here in an official capacity. After 
 appointing J. H. Print chairman pro tern, adjourned to meet at the 
 residence of P. P. Way, April 8th, the court-house in Belleville not 
 being completed. 
 
 The next meeting of the Board at Belleville was July 2d, 1870, at 
 which session a petition was presented praying for a new election on 
 the county seat. The petition containing the requisite number of 
 names to meet the requirements of the law, it was or<kred that an 
 election be held on the third Tuesday in August, in accordance with 
 the prayer of the petitioners. The election was held as ordered, there 
 being three candidates in the field, — Belleville, Salt City and New 
 Scandinavia, — and the Commissioners met at Bellerille, August 20th, 
 to canvass the vote. R. A. Hamill kept the minutes of this meeting, 
 he having been appointed deputy county clerk; and the following 
 record of the proceedings of the board of canvassers is given in his 
 chaste and beautiful style : — 
 
 1. Canvass of Farmington township was called and result 
 declared, for Belleville, 33 votes; Salt City, 7. 
 
 2. Elk Creek townsliip c-illed and I'osiilt ilcclarcil, for Salt Citv. 
 2il; Belleville, 0. 
 
 •). All)i()ii township, no Notes cast, tlio citizt'iis of that townsliip 
 not Ix'iiii;' able to find the voting })lace. 
 
 4. Rose Creek, for Belleville, 17. 
 
 •"). Salt Marsh precinct called. Hesiilt, for Salt ('itv, -i : Uelle- 
 ville. 11 ; NeAv Scandinavia, 3. 
 
 Returns from White Rock were o];ened, and. ( ii notion of (J. 
 W. Johnson, tlie board refused to count the vote of the jireeinet. for 
 two causes: (1.) The voting j)reeinet was declared illegally formed 
 in that the board had not gi-anted any ordei- for such voting pre- 
 cinct while in session. (2.) There had l»een an order signed by two 
 members of the boai-d and sent to White Rock without the knowl- 
 edge of the other niembei-, and without any notification of the fact 
 ;i 
 
34 Jlhlnni uf llcjniUJir Con III If. 
 
 to tlu' connlv dork until five days hofoic tlic ek'ctioii. (•>.) TIumt 
 were no notice-; of any election ])()ste(l in the precinct. 
 
 Tlieso seem to l)e tolerably fair reasons for rejecting the votes of 
 ^Vl^ite Hock. altlioiiLili tlie vote was lieavy. and nearly solid for J5elle- 
 ville. 
 
 On motion of (1. \V. Johnson, there was a hearino- o-iven to cei'- 
 tain parties from White Rock who were legal voters, and an 
 absti'act of their evidence of " Frauds Perpetrated "" was ordered to 
 he Hied in the clerk's office ; voted unanimously. The board declared 
 in the acknowledgment of strong evidences of fraud and oiu' case of 
 c//>/></>v'/;M-epeating. On motion for the entire rejection, (r. W. 
 Johnson and Z. P. Rowe voted for the motion. J. H. Frint entered 
 li is ])rotest against the second clause, declaring his opinion to l)e 
 that the board had no jurisdiction over the matter, but must simply 
 count out the ])al]ots, and declare the result, without regard to the 
 nature of the vote. 
 
 <>. Scandinavia ]n-ecinct called. Result, for New Scandinavia, 71'. 
 
 7. The Republic precinct called. Result, for Belleville, 288; New 
 Scandinavia, 4; Salt Citv. 1. 
 
 Total number of votes polled, 4(io, of which Relleville recei\<Ml 
 ^U).") ; New Scandinavia, SH ; Salt City, 72. 
 
 Thus it a])])ea.rs that the Scandinavians Avere solid foi- New Scan- 
 dinavia, the Rellevilleians nearly the same for Belleville, while the 
 denizens of the Marsh divided their strength between the three 
 ])laces. 
 
 On motion of (i. W. Johnson, the board ordered that Mr. 
 Raker, Mr. Blankenshi]). (i. Paulson, H. Wallen and Mr. Blunk, 
 be sworn as to evidences of pai'tiality and fraudulent voting. 
 Ordered that an abstra('t of the evidence be filed in the clerk's 
 office. Boai-d then adjourned until 7 A. M. of the folloAving day. 
 
 IJoard met pursuant to adjournment, and ])roceeded to discuss the 
 final acceptance or i-(jection of the poll books from Republic ])i'e- 
 einct : and, after a tedious attempt at a decision, the boai-(l' 
 adjourned until one o'clock, at which time Mr. Frint ma<le the fol- 
 lowing ))roposition : Throw out all the votes of Repu])lic ])re- 
 cinct except 10(1. inid deelare the decision on the renuiining innuber 
 of polled votes in the county, or throw out the entire vote of the 
 county as incorrect and fraudulent, and imnuMliately order a new 
 election. After much argument and many attempts at a reconcilia- 
 tion of the whole board on one of the ])oints named, Mr. Fi-int and 
 Ml'. I\owe cast their votes for the first proposition, — that is, to count 
 I'HI vdtcs from Hepublic pi'ccinct an<l reject the balance. 
 
 1 suppose ibis was consideriMl a conipro)iiise : vet it located the 
 
llixtoi'!! of lii-jiiihhc < 'oil III I/. •)') 
 
 coiiiitv seat at BcIIcn illc just as offcctiially as tlioiiiili tlic nitirc vntc 
 \vm\ l)oen counted. I liere give tlie coiu'ludiug portion (if tlic rccnnl 
 ill Mr. I hunills own pliraseologv. spelling:', ])unctuati()ii and all, as 
 a sample of rlietoric, perspicuitv, and elcii'ant (liclinii, rarely 
 i'(|ualed : — 
 
 "Mr Rowe requested tliennnutes of tlie following;' causes of artion 
 ill the ease and decision of made Considers the poll hook alarniinuly 
 fraudulent and evidences of ])artiality and misdemeanor in tlie action 
 of the Judsies of Election — but thinks his iudii-enieiit is that certain 
 voters who were legally entitle(l to the same should he represented 
 and therefore gives his consent to tlu^ admission of the 1<>0 votes. 
 Commissioner Jolmson declared his desire to record his name 
 against the wlude jiroeeedure as destructi\(' to the declaration of the 
 popular vote of the people — and that the people could he defended 
 only by an entii'e and swee])ing rejection of the poll l)ooks of evry 
 precinct known to he illegal in any part or ))arcel of the action of 
 the officers of that election es[)ecialy wliare such a glareing incon- 
 sistency stood so open to evry honest Man." 
 
 As before stated, the \()te (»f the county in November, l<St)8, was 
 (35 votes; in November, 1S69, 123 votes; at the county seat 
 election in August, 1870, 4(18 votes, with Albi(ui and White Rock 
 not counted. This shows a remarkable increase in the voting 
 po])ulation, and it is barely )»ossible tliat this increase may not liave 
 lieen entirely healthy, as we fiml the vote of the county at the 
 November election, 1870, witli Albion's 80 votes and ^Vllite Rock's 
 40 counted, to be o'22, or 141 less than were polled at the county 
 seat election. Soon after the result of the county seat election was 
 declared, J. S. Tutton, T. A. Eberhard, and T. C. Smith, judges of 
 'the election at Belleville, were ])olitely invited t(i appear before 
 Thomas J. Eckert, a justice of the ])eace at Salt Marsh, charged witli 
 conduct unbecoming officers and gentlemen, and es|)ecia11y as judges 
 of election. In fact, it was charged that gross frauds had bei'ii 
 eonnnitted at the election, that the purity of the ballot-box had been 
 invaded, and these officers were cliarge<l with com])licity in the same. 
 It must be remembered that, at this time, the office of ]irobate ju<lge 
 was vacant, Judo;e Mevers havin*'- resio;ned some time before: and, in 
 view of the circumstances, it was thought best by the citizens of 
 Belleville, and especially by tlie prisoners, we su])pose, that this 
 vacancy should be filled. Accordingly, A. B. Tutton, as special 
 messenger, was dispatched to Topeka, bearing a ]ietition to Oo\. 
 
;}(! Uixii>rji of licinthJic Cninitf/. 
 
 llarvov, askiiio- tlic iijjpoiiitiuciit of our ostcciucd fellow citi/.cn, .1. 
 C. Griffitli, to tins ])osition. It is, perhaps, uiineccssarv to state 
 that this petition was not largely siujned bv the citizens of Salt 
 Marsh, but the signatures were probably prosureil in other ])ortions 
 of the county. 
 
 Gov. Harvev acted oii the petition at once, granting the same, 
 and the special courier returned just in time to find the Eckert court 
 in the act of committing the prisoners to jail. It must be borne in 
 mind that jail accommodations were not as sumptuous in those days 
 as at the ])resent time, and the i)risoners were loath to be torn from 
 the bosoms of their families, and incarcerated in a dungeon located 
 in another county. Accordingly, the kindly offices of A. F. Heely, 
 who now appeared on the stage, were invoked, a writ of habeas 
 rorpus issued by the probate court, and the prisoners brought to 
 Belleville, before Judge Gi'iffith, for trial. Now the scene is 
 changed, no witnesses on the part of the prosecution appear, and 
 when the prisoners are arraigned, the court, no doubt, in the 
 lanofuaiie of one of old, is led to exclaim: "Where are those thine 
 accusers ? " But writs of attachment are issued to compel the 
 attendance of the now ^nnvilling witnesses, and, when all was ready, 
 the case was called. A. J. Banta, of Washington county, counsel 
 for the prosecution, addressed the court in substantially the follow- 
 ing manner : "" While at Salt Marsli, and in 'Squire Eckert's court, 
 I thought I had a case; but now, the scene is changed, and, with 
 this change of scene, grave doubts arise in my mind as to my 
 ability to convict these prisoners, therefore, if the court please, we 
 desire to very gently intimate to the court that it has our permission 
 to dismiss this suit." There being no opposition to this suggestion, 
 it was acted on, tlie \>\\)e of j)cacc was passed and snu)ked, and all 
 parties acquiesced in the decision. Thus it appears that, after a 
 season of considerable exeitement, some sectional bitterness, and 
 probably a little tall voting, the county seat was established at 
 Belleville, wliere it has since immovably reposed. 
 
 As before stated, Charles llogan, of Scandia, better known as 
 Hogan the scout, was elected county superintendent of public 
 instruction at the November election in 1869, but for some reason 
 failed to serve in that capacity, and on the 22d day of August, 1870, 
 the board of county commissioners declared the office vacant, and 
 
Il/'.^fori/ of Hffiiilih'r Coiiufi/. 87 
 
 Dr. J. C. Griffith was on the same day appointed to fill the vacancy 
 thus declared to exist. This appointment the Doctor declined ; and 
 on the .")th of September the board appointed Rev. E. R. J'rown, a 
 Methodist clergyman then on this circuit and living in Fairview 
 township, who filled the office in a creditable manner for the remain- 
 der of the year. 
 
 At the November election of 1870, the following named persons 
 were elected : N. T. VanNatta, representative 90th district, over G. 
 W. Johnson, of Elk Creek township, by a majority of 98, there 
 being 822 votes polled in the county ; J. C. Griffith, probate judge, 
 over I. M. Page, by a majority of 10() ; L. R. Dobyns, of Rose 
 creek, clerk of the district court, over G. 13. Austin, of Seapo, by 
 a majority of 124, although at this time the 12th Judicial District 
 had not been formed ; A. F. Heely, county attorney, over A. D. 
 Wilson, of Scandia, by a majority of 123 ; and Wilson Lancaster, 
 of l\^as/u')ic/tou eounfi/^ county superintendent, over Charles Wilson, 
 of Scandia, by a majority of 188. 
 
 The 12th Judicial District of the State of Kansas was created by 
 an act of the Legislature approved Feb. 28, ]871, and originally 
 comprised the counties of Marshall, Washington, Republic, Jewell, 
 Mitchell, Cloud, Clay, Smith and Osborne. At presemt it embraces 
 only the counties of Marshall, AVashington, Republic, Cloud and 
 Clay. On March 19, 1871, Hon. A. S. Wilson was appointed 
 judge of this district by Gov. Osborne, and the first term of the dis- 
 trict court for Republic county was held at Belleville, March 27th, 
 1871, Judge Wilson presiding. As before mentioned, L. R. Dobyns 
 was elected clerk of the court in the fall of 1870, which being prior 
 to the formation of the district, his election Avas declared void, but 
 he was appointed by the Judge and discharged the duties of clerk at 
 the first term of court. The first case appearing on the docket, and 
 the first one called in the district court for Republic county, was the 
 State of Kansas vs. Samuel Midgely, which was continued until the 
 next term. There were in all five cases, none of which came to trial 
 at this term. 
 
 The first attorney formally admitted to practice in this court was 
 A. F. Heely, who had been elected county attorney the fall before. 
 The next was N. H. Billings, of Billings county, Kansas, supposed 
 to bo a distant relative of "Josh," who, after undergoing a very 
 
38 llistiirn of R('i>iihli<- County. 
 
 rigid and severe examination by the following committee appointed 
 by the court, viz., A. A. Carnahan, A. F. Heely and N. T. Yan- 
 Natta, was duly admitted to practice in the courts of the 12th .ludi- 
 cial District. Mr. Billings was an attorney of fair attainments, good 
 legal mind, and afterwards represented Billings county (now Norton) 
 in the State Legislature, but he had the pernicious habit of wearing 
 very tight boots, and was more or less afflicted with string-halt. 
 
 The records of the court at this time were kept on legal cap paper, 
 and the office furniture consisted of two stools, one spittoon and a 
 cracker-box. At this term the Judge ordered the clerk to procure, 
 for the use of the court, the following books, — to wit, an appearance 
 docket, a trial docket, a journal, an execution docket, and a recog- 
 nizance docket, and a seal ; after which court adjourned until the Sep- 
 tember term, at which terra the following-named attorneys were ad- 
 mitted to practice : Hon. W. H. Pilkenton, Geo. B. Austin, Aaron 
 E. Taylor and H. G. Dow. At this term the case of School District, 
 No. 6, against N. 0. Wilkie, treasurer of said district and ex-county 
 surveyor, was tried, and judgment rendered against the defendant 
 for $320.40. 
 
 The following persons served as jurors at this term, being the first 
 jury empaneled in the district court in this county : A. 0. Kindy, 
 John L. Daniels, A. J. Hill, James H. Bradd, L. C. Hanson, John 
 R. Bowersox, Ezra Powell, J. P. Williams, John Engle, E. E. 
 Monroe, J. A. Mosher, and John Harris. 
 
 The first trial for homicide in the county was at the spring term 
 of 1872, as follows : The State of Kansas against Stephen Gidley, 
 for the killing of John Walsh, on Salt creek, near the residence of J. 
 E. VanNatta, in January, 1S72. A. F. Heely, J. D. Brumbaugh 
 and W. H. Pilkenton appearing for the State, and Borton & Linville 
 for the defendant. Verdict of not guilty returned by the jury. 
 
 The first naturalization papers issued by the clerk of this court 
 were to Richard McTiCan. July 7th, 1872, and the second to Fred 
 < 'ollins, Es(]., of Freedom township. 
 
 The first final papers wei'e granted to Goodrich Doty, April 30th. 
 1872. 
 
 The first notary public doing business in the county was Hon. W. 
 II. Pilkenton, who was appointed by Gov. Marvey, July 24th, 1871. 
 
 On the evening of Feb. 20th, 1871, in pursuance of notices pre- 
 
viously published, a meeting of" the citizens of Republic county was 
 held in the log school-house on the east side of the public S((uare. for 
 the purpose of considering the propriety of organizing a county agri- 
 cultural society. Of this meeting, J. W. Raynolds was chairman, 
 and I. 0. Savage, secretary. At this meeting it was decided unan- 
 imously to organize such a society, and a committee of five chosen 
 to draft constitution and by-laws, with instructions to report in one 
 week. The follow-ing-named persons composed the committee : I. 
 0. Savage, chairman, J. C. Griffith, R. P. West, Capt. A. Shaw 
 and II. (t. Dow. This was the first step ever taken in Republic 
 county, or in any. other county in Kansas west of the (Jth principal 
 meridian, to organize an agricultural society. The committee 
 reported constitution and by-laws in accordance with instructions, 
 which report was unanimously adopted and officers elected for one 
 year, as follows : President, Albert Odell ; vice-president, R. P. 
 West ; secretary, •!. 0. Savage ; treasurer, John M. Ryan ; and an 
 executive committee of five, consisting of W. S. Latham, J. C. 
 Griffith, J. W. Raynolds, W. P. Peake and 11. G. Dow were also 
 chosen ; and thus the Republic County Agricultural Society became 
 fully organized, being the pioneer agricultural society in Kansas, 
 west of the 6th principal meridian. 
 
 A fair was held the same year, commencing on the 4th day of 
 October, two miles east of Belleville, on the SE \ of SE \ of sec. 
 3<), in Freedom township. These grounds were considered as only 
 temporary, and were fenced with a few posts and a rope. However, 
 a start was made, and everything seemed to work favorably for the 
 society. Sixty-five entries were made, and the premiums, to the 
 amount of $44.7-"), were awarded and paid. The receipts from all 
 sources were $48.20, and the total expenditure $51. Df*, leaving a 
 balance of $3.25 against the society. These figures now look small, 
 but it must be remembered these were the days of small things in 
 Republic county. The settlers on the high prairie were just coming 
 in, and very little of their land was in cultivation. At the annual 
 meeting in February. 1872, for the election of officers, A. Odell 
 was re-elected president, R. P. West, vice-president, I. 0. Savage, 
 secretary, and J. M. Ryan, treasurer ; and an executive committee 
 of seven, as follows : John R. Bowersox, A. Kindy, Joseph Boothe, 
 J. E. VanNatta, W. P. Peake, Fred Collins and A. W. Wilder. The 
 
40 Uistorji of Ixrjnihiic Couniy. 
 
 second annual fair was held on the 3d and 4th days of October, 
 1K72, on lands proposed by J. C. Griffith and R, W. VanDyke as 
 permanent fair grounds of the Society. These grounds were about 
 one-half mile northeast of Belleville, and comprised thirty acres, 
 fifteen acres oft' the NW corner of the SE ^, and fifteen oft" the NE 
 corner of the SW ;^ of Sec. 35, Freedona township, and the right of 
 way sixty feet wide leading to the same, both quarters being home- 
 stead land. The understanding then Avas that the society should 
 take possession of these grounds, enclose the same with a hedge, 
 grade a track for trials of speed, dig a well, erect a building suitable 
 for a floral hall, and otherwise improve the grounds as the society 
 saw proper, in consideration of all which Messrs. Griffith and Van- 
 Dyke were to convey these grounds to the society in fee simple, 
 whenever they could legally do so, for a price to be determined by 
 disinterested parties. Unfortunately for the society and for Repub- 
 lic county to-day, all of these conditions were not complied with. 
 This fair was one of the best ever held in the county, everybody 
 seeming interested and working for the general welfare of the soci- 
 ety. Two hundred and six entries Avere made, cash premiums to the 
 amount of $185 were awarded and paid, and the receipts exceeded 
 the expenditures by |21.{>6. At this fair, liberal private premiums 
 were offered and paid by Gardner Bros., Josiah Kindt and A. 0. 
 Kindy. 
 
 On the 7th day of December, 1S72, A. B. Wilder was elected a 
 delegate to represent the society in the State Board of Agriculture. 
 
 At the annual meeting in February, 1873, for the election of offi- 
 cers, the following persons were chosen : President, R. P. West ; 
 W. H. Pilkenton, vice-president; I. 0. Savage, secretary; and V. 
 Vantrump, treasurer. 
 
 The third annual fair was held on the society's grounds, October 
 1st, 2d and 3d, and a fine exhibit made. There were 219 entries, 
 and over $200 in premiums paid. This year a building 20x30 feet 
 was erected for floral hall, at an expense of $240, a well dug and 
 walled, hedge rows broken, and a large amount of money expended 
 on the track. The receipts, although large, were not sufficient to 
 meet all these expenses, and a balance of $106.92 was found against 
 the society. 
 
 Theoflicers elected for 1874 were R. P. West, president; 0. A. 
 
Il/sfori/ iif lii'intlilic i^niiiiji. 41 
 
 Ganliior, vice-president; I. 0. Savage, .secretary; and V. Van- 
 trump, treasurer. A fair was held September KJtli, ITtli, and 18tli, 
 but, this bein;^' what was called lii'asshoppei- year, the entries were 
 few, tiie attendance mea<j;re, and the receipts small. 
 
 In 1875 the following-named persons wei'c elected officers of the 
 society: A. B. Wilder, president ; A.J. Beers, vice-president; V. 
 Vantrump, secretary ; and J. A. Moslier, treasurer. The fifth 
 annual fair was held September 28th, 29th, and 30th. R(?ceipts 
 from all sources, $271*. 40 ; expenditures, $274.57 ; leaving a balance 
 in favor of tlie society of $4.88. 
 
 The officers for 1876 were I. 0. Savage, president ; J. Kindt, 
 vice-president ; A. B. Wilder, secretary ; ami J. A. Moshei-, 
 treasui'er. No fair was held this year. 
 
 At the annual meeting in 1877, the following persons were 
 elected officers : J. Kindt, president ; Milton Hancock, vice-presi- 
 dent; Adam Dixon, secretary; J. A. Mosher, treasurer. The 
 sixth annual fair was held September 20th, 21st, and 22d, 1877. 
 The weather was fine, the attendance large, and the receipts larger 
 than in any former year. 
 
 The officers elected for 1878 were: Wm. Hughes, president; A. 
 J. Beers, secretary ; I. 0. Savage, treasurer. The seventh annual 
 fair was held September 24th, 25th, and2(jth. The attendance was 
 not large, but the receipts from all sources exceeded expenses by 
 $70.25. 
 
 On the 2!>tli day of October, an application was made by the 
 treasurer of the society to the chairman of the board of county 
 commissioners, asking him to issue an order on the treasurer of the 
 county for the sum of money to which the society was entitled from 
 the county, under section eight of chapter 37, of the laws of 1872. 
 This application was accompanied by a certificate, attested by the 
 president and treasurer of the society, under oath, in strict 
 conformity with the law above referred to. The chairman declined 
 to grant the application, and did not treat the same with that 
 consideration which the officers of the society thought its importance 
 demanded; conse([uently, a writ of mandamus was applied for and 
 obtained from the district court, citing the chaii-man to appear at 
 the April term of said court, to show cause, if any existed, why he 
 did not sign the order as asked for in the application. 
 
42 Tli^torij of licjnihiii- (Joiiiitii. 
 
 The case came on f'oi' hearing', able counsel appearing on both 
 sides. A h)ng and tedious trial ensued, and the jury, after beinu' 
 out twenty minutes, retunuMl a verdict in favor of tlie society. 
 After mature deliberation on the part of the society, it was thought 
 best, under existing circumstances, the society being compelled to 
 resort to tlic courts to obtain the rights to which it was entitled 
 under the law, to sell the building on the fair ground, pay off all 
 indebtedness, surrendt-r the charter, and let the Re])ublic County 
 Agricidtural Society be one of the things of the ])ast, which was 
 accoi'dinglv done, and it is a lamentable fact that the bannei- 
 agi'icultui'al countv of Northwestern Kansas has no agricultural 
 society to-day. 
 
 We do not state the above facts with the design or desire of 
 censuring any one, as all jiarties may have acted for what they 
 considered to be the general welfare of the county. It has, however, 
 ))een (dearlv demonstrated that it is much easier to find fiult with, 
 break u)), and destroy sucli an organization than to orgatiize one, 
 and ))ut it in successful operation. On this point, we are satisfied 
 tliei-e can be no dispute. A movement is now on foot, which 
 promises to be successful, to organize a, new society, ami, in all 
 ])i-obability, a fair will be held the coming fall. 
 
 The Re])ublie County Horticultural Society was organized in 
 1H(S1, and is doing nnich to [troinoteand encourage fruit growing in 
 the county. The officers of the society are 0. A. A. Gai-dner, 
 ])resident : W. P. Peake, secretary ; and E. Powell, treasurer. 
 
 .Ml kinds of fruit trees grow rapidly, come into bearing early, and 
 as fine fruit is gi-own as can be found anywhei'e in the United States. 
 
 .Vnutno; those who already have large, bearing; orchards, we 
 mention E. Powi-ll, 1,.")0() bearing ai)j)le trees, 300 cherry ti-ees in 
 bearing, l)esides peach, plum, and ])ear trees, grapes, etc., in 
 abundance. Mr. Powell's crop of apples for this year is estimated 
 at 1,000 bushels. W. H. Boyes, Henry Otto, s! Sherdahl, John 
 Fuleomer, J. A. Mosher, ami others, have large orchards, producing 
 all kin<ls of fruit in great |)lenty. Mr. Fuleomer sold ovei- $1,00(1 
 worth of ])eaches from his orchard, last year, besides other fruit. 
 Nearly all these orchards were set in 187 ">-(!, many of the trees 
 being now six inches in diameter, and |»roducing from one to five 
 bushels of apples each. 
 
(MIAI'TKn l\'.- 
 
 soli, — CI.IMATK — STKKAMS — TIMliKK — I.IMKSTONi; — COAI, — sAl.T — W ATIOK 
 POWKK — RAIN-KALI. — ETC., KTC. 
 
 'I'lie general .surfiice of t lie county is iiii(liil;itiiiu', a \vr\ small |)ci- 
 cent heing what would he termed hlutly, hroken, or hilly. The soil 
 is a rich, hlack, vegetahle mould, from three to fifteen feet in depth, 
 underlaid with a siihsoil of porous clay. Up to the year 1ST<>, 
 liowe\('r, the country lying west of the si.xth principal meridian had 
 l»orne a had reputation as to its ahility to support a civilized ))opula- 
 tion ; and prior to that time a, few settlers, who had selected their 
 homes along the streams west of that line, could scarcely say that 
 they had done so for the purpose of becoming permanent settlei-s, a 
 large portion of the country being regarded as a desert, for all jirac- 
 tical purposes ; and even as late as 1874 it was a debatable ques- 
 tion whether the country wonld not have to be abandoned to the 
 grasshoppers, coyotes, owls and I'attlesnakes. But, thanks to 
 the persistent efforts of an active and industrious population, a 
 genial climate and fei'tile soil, all these questions are noAv forever 
 set at rest. The Kepublican river traverses the entire western 
 portion of the county, the average width of the bottom lands being- 
 two miles. White Rock, Beaver and Oak creeks are its principal 
 tributaries fi'om the west, while Otter, Dry, School and other smaller 
 creeks flow into it from the east ; West, Reily, Salt, Coal, East, 
 Upton and Elk creeks, flow south into the Re})ublican river, drain- 
 ing the southeastern portion of the county. Mill and Cherry creeks 
 flow east and Rose Creek northeast, out of the county. These 
 streams have numerous tributaries, all of which, with the main 
 streams, are belted with timber from ten to eighty rods in Avidth, 
 consisting of oak, ash, black Avalnut, hackberry, red and white elm, 
 box elder and cottonwood. It will thus be seen that the county is 
 well watered and tolerably well timbered, the streams beino; distrib- 
 iited in such a manner as to give more or less timber to every town- 
 ship in the county. Well-water is obtained at a de})th of from ten 
 to one hundred feet, according to locality, and fine, flowing springs 
 are <{uite numerous. Magncsian limestone of a most excellent (pial- 
 
44 Hisfan/ of Ri'/)i(/>/ir Countj/. 
 
 itv is found in Inr^c (|uantities in almost cvcrv towiislii}) in tlu- 
 countv. 'I'liis rofk is of a liglit gi'av color, (|uite soft, easily (juar- 
 ritMl and casilv worked. It is almost cntii-ely free from j^rit, eau l)e 
 easilv sawed with aiiv kind of a saw without injury to the instru- 
 ment more than if used in wood. This rock is very valuable for 
 huilding pnr])oses, makes an e.xeellent ([uality of lime, and o-ood 
 huildinij; sand is found in almost every neighborhood. Several of 
 the most substantial buildings in the county are built of this rock, 
 including Powells block in Belleville and the school-house in Scan- 
 dia. ' And sandstone i-^ found in abundance in the soutlieastern 
 portion of tiie county, which possesses all the characteristics of a reli- 
 able building stone ; but it is not as popular as the magnesia, as it 
 is not as easilv woi-ked. Thus it will l)e seen that tliis countv has 
 an abundant su|)ply of building stone, not only for the use of the 
 inhabitants within its borders, but a large surplus for export. 
 
 COAL, SALT, ETC. 
 
 The southern one-third of the county is umlerlaid with coal, said 
 to be of the lignite vai'iety, although the proj)riety of thus classifv- 
 ing it has been (piestioned. It is probably of more recent origin 
 than the antiiracite l)ituminous coal of the pro])er coal sei'ies. It is 
 tough rather than brittle, and cannot I)e easily broken except in 
 horizontal layers. The veins are from tw^o to three feet in thick- 
 ness, and are fouiul beneatli a firm layer of san<lstone, which forms 
 a y-ood roof in mining. These mines have been worked since 1ST", 
 and have furnished the ])rincipal fuel supply for a large scope of 
 country ; and this coal has been extensively used for making steam 
 in grist mills, although it has been rejected by the ]-ailroads on 
 account of the large proportion of ashes wdiich it leaves, thus clog- 
 ging the grates in the locomotive. The coal is sold at the mines at 
 ail average of two dollars and fifty cents per ton. 
 
 Within a short distance of these coal fields is situated one of tlu' 
 most extensive salt marshes in the country, commonly known as 
 the ''Tuthill Marsh," and is adjacent to the town of Sea-po. 'i'his 
 niai-sh end)i-aces an ai-ea of about 4,000 acres, and wells of brine are 
 obtained at a de])th of six feet. Sixtv-five gallons of this brine pro- 
 duce a bushel of salt of une(puiled |)Ui-ity, a chemical analysis, l)y 
 l'rofess(u- Mudge, showing less than two and a half ]ter cent of 
 im])urities. It contains no chloride of lime, — a very bad impurity 
 
Ilt'sforj/ iif Rcjiul'lir (Joiniiij. \^) 
 
 IuiiimI ill all tlic salt iiiaiiiiracliircMl in New ^Ork, Micliii:aii and 
 AVcst \'iri;inia. Tlu" salt water rises to near the surface, eva])nrates, 
 and leaves a erust of ])ure salt, wliicli, at all times in di'v weather, 
 can l)e sei-a|)e(l u)) and taken away. ( )ne liundred bushels of this 
 earthv salt, diluted and evajxirated, will |»roduee seventy-five 
 liushels of eleati. white sail. It is hard to tell why ea])ital has not 
 lieeii invested here to utilize this mine of wealth. Another marsh 
 of ahoiit the same extent is found in lieaver townshi]). near the 
 southwest ('(»riier of the eounty, hut no analysis of the hriiie has ever 
 heen made that we are aware of. 
 
 WATKK POAVER. 
 There is li'ooil water power on White Roek ereek in \Vhite Koek 
 townshiji, iitilize(f hy Fred S. (\)0])ers large grist mill, deserilie(l 
 elsewhere in this l)o()k : also on the Republican river, utilize<l hy ('. 
 V . Ericson's larse flouring; mill : also on the river at Rockv Ford, 
 near Rei)uhlic City, not utilized. 'IMiere is also most excellent 
 water power on Salt creek, on the SW ^- of section (3, in (xrant town- 
 ship, which could he utilized at a very small expense for dam, and 
 water sufficient to run three run of hiiri's the whole year. 
 
 CLIMATE. 
 Tlie climate of northern Kansas does not differ materially from 
 that of the western slope of the Alleghany Mountains and of States 
 farther east, lying along and immediately below the fortieth ])arallel 
 of north latitude. Like all of these States, it has its extremes of 
 heat and cold, but in a somewhat modified form, being modified as 
 it is by latitude, altitude, and proximity to the Rocky Mountain 
 range. It is not far enough south to be enervating, nor far enough 
 north for the rigorous and benumbing influences of ;r northern 
 climate. In short, it is a hapjiy compromise between the two. It 
 is true that the climate of a prairie country is more variable than that 
 of a timbered country, and the sweeping winds of winter on the high 
 l»rairie are indeed searching; but the seveiity oi' the winter winds is 
 more than compensated by the salubrity and agreeable character of 
 the breezes of summer. In the most sultry July and August 
 weathei', our nights are cool, always inviting jileasant re])ose. 
 Besides, the climate is remarkably healthy, being far more free from 
 bilious diseases than localities in the same latitude further east, and 
 consuiiij)tion is seldom or never contracted in this country. 
 
4<i Jlixlorii (if Rcinihlic County. 
 
 K.VINFALL. 
 
 Tliis siil)jcct lias nearly ceased to be one of anxious inquiry l)y 
 the emigrant seeking;' a home on what Olnev's Geographv taught him 
 was a hjin-en and sandy desert. 'V\\v crop statistics, given elsewhere 
 in this hook, must set at rest all douhts as to the sufficiency of the 
 rainfall here for all the needs of agriculture. Below we give the 
 observations of the rainfall at Belleville for the years 1872 and 
 187-^, re])orted for the Smithsonian Institute by A. A. Carr, who 
 was furnished with staixhird insti'uments by that institution for 
 ascertaining the rainfall, tem|)erature. etc. Mr. Carr was also a 
 special rej)orter for tlie State Boaid of Agriculture from Belleville 
 for the years named : 
 
 BellevUle, Hepublic county. LatitAide, :W 5n'. Lonjiitude, 97° 40'. AUltude, l,54ii 
 feet above sea level. 
 
 
 Jan. 
 
 00 
 0.49 
 
 \Feby.\ Mch.\ April May. 
 
 0.50 90 ] 2 30 H 09 
 0.10 1 5 04 8 91 
 
 Jane. 
 
 1.58 
 6.60 
 
 July. 
 
 6.6! 
 0.92 
 
 Aug. 
 
 2.03 
 1.90 
 
 8ept. 
 
 3 30 
 3.05 
 
 Oct. 
 
 ._ 
 
 1.47 
 0.84 
 
 Nov. 
 
 Dec. 1 1'otal 
 
 1S72 
 
 1873 
 
 .00 
 0.30 
 
 .00 22.29 
 
 MO i 2? 76 
 
 Cro))s of all kinds for the two years named were abundant, 
 althoiio-h the rainfall was fiir below the average. This i)roves 
 conclusively that crops do not SO much depend on the amount of 
 lain as on its distribution, a small rainfall, evenly distributed during 
 the growing season, being far more desirable than a hvrge amount 
 unfavorably distributed. 
 
 CYCLONES, TORNADOES, ETC. 
 It is now a little more than twenty-two years since the first 
 settlement was ma(U' in Re])ublic county, and, during all that time, 
 only two tornadoes have visited the county, neither of which proved 
 very destructive to life or property. The first occurred May 30tli, 
 187i>, the day of the Irving disaster, in ^farshall county, and the 
 cyclone at Delphos, in Ottawa county. The storm struck Belleville 
 from the northwest, carried away a few chimneys, unroofed a few 
 buildings, moved a few others from their foundations, including tlie 
 "• Diu-k elevator " on the west side of the public S(juare. At this 
 place, it was simply a high wind, and showed none of the essential 
 characteristics of a cyclone. From Belleville, it moved nearly due 
 east, and it was not till it reached Thomts Harkness' place that it 
 commenced to cut its curious capers, taking his fanning mill, rending 
 
Jllstiirii iif /u'/iii/>//C ('(III III I/. 4t 
 
 it iiiU) liundveds of pieces, and scattering them over a wide extent of 
 territory. Portions of this mill were found one-half mile north, 
 other pieces more than a mile south, and still other portions one and 
 a half miles east of where it was standing when the storm took 
 possession of it. 
 
 Passing on to the east, it moved Prairie Home school-house from 
 its foundations, but without doing much damage to the building. 
 Still further east, it struck Ernest Cole's house, sweeping it away, 
 leaving nothing but the floor and cooking stove, without injuring 
 Mrs. Cole and little one, who were in the house at the time. A 
 family by the name of Matthews, emigrants, were just going into 
 camp, near ^fr. Cole's house, when the storm struck the wagon, 
 rolling it over and over on the prairie, instantly killing a son of Mr. 
 Matthews, a boy about fourteen years of age. 
 
 Still further east, it moved the Farmington school-house from its 
 foundation, carried it about thirty feet to the east, and damaged it 
 considerably. Still further on, it picked up Richard Rowe's wagon, 
 which was standing near his house, carried it away, and completely 
 destroyed it, without disturbing anything else on his place. This 
 storm moved in a due east course for miles, was accompanied by 
 sharp lightning, heavy thunder, and an unusually heavy fall of rain, 
 and, in places, hail. 
 
 The second tornado visite<l Elk Creek township, May 25, 1S<S(), 
 striking the school-house in district No. 5, about 6 o'clock in the after- 
 noon, completely demolishing the same. The funnel-shaped cloud, 
 minutely daRcribcd by several witnesses, wIumi first seen, was moving 
 in a northeasterly course, but, after destroying the scliool house, 
 moved due east, striking Mrs. Strecter's house, damaging it but 
 slightly. After leaving AFrs. Strecter's, it again moved to the north- 
 east, doing no further damage. 
 
 Its track was narrow, at no place exceeding a rod in width, and 
 coidd be flistinctly traced l)y the appearance of the grass, which 
 presented the appearance of having been scorched. It lifte<l and 
 carried away the sods from land newly broken, was accompanicil l)y 
 a light fall of rain, but no thunder or lightning. The school-house 
 had been built but two years, and was a substantial structure. 
 
CHAPTER V. 
 
 STATISTICS, CKNSITS, ETC. 
 
 Reliable statistics in regard to crops, farm animals, etc., were not 
 gathered in Kansas until 1872, and these were not as complete as 
 desired, owing to the absence of any efficient official source through 
 which they could be obtained, as the law providing for the collection 
 of statistics by the township assessors was not passed until the ses- 
 sion of 1873. The statistics here presented, therefore, embrace a 
 period of only twelve years, from 1872 to 1883, inclusive. (For sta- 
 tistics of 1883, see following page.) 
 
 . 1872. j 1873 1874.] 1875.1 1876 j 1877. 1878. 1879.' 1880.1 1881. 1882. 
 
 Mules %' 237 319; 308' 272| SSli 408| • 544! 57il 6l'i «5l 
 
 Horses 1500 2322| 3199 31031 3316 3711, ■14S1 5818; 6912: 7471 7703 
 
 Cattle 4944 4li82| 6049' 60i0 6746 7932| 8933 10178, 11670: 13955 16110 
 
 Sheep 1109i 72 513 1056 H21 2222 3884 4454 703s' 9336 9983 
 
 Hogs , 1232; 3336! 98:J7J 5038' 7097, 18ill| 312!i6 38142| 44169; 40298i 41U15 
 
 The falling off in the numbers of live stock from 1874 to 1875 is 
 accounted for by the grasshopper visitation of 1874, the corn crop 
 that season being almost a total failure, but very little being raised 
 in the county. Large numbers of our people went back east to win- 
 ter, taking their teams and milch cows with them, many not return- 
 ing until late in the season of 1875, while others did not come back 
 at all. In 1877, Republic ranked as the ninth county in the State 
 in the number of swine, seventh in 1878, second in 18n>, and first 
 in 1880, leading Brown county, the next highest, by 2,827 head. 
 In 1881, she ranked third, being surpassed by Brown with 41,271^ 
 and Miami with 41,040 head. In 1882 she ranked third again, 
 being surpassed by Brown and Cowley. In the number of horses 
 taking the eleventh place in 1881, and the fifteenth in 1882. (For 
 statistics of 1883, see following page.) 
 
 I 1872. I 1873. j 1874. I 1875. | 1876. I 1877. I 1878. i 1879. j 1880. | 1881. | 18S2. 
 
 W. wh'ti 20,144, »5,015j :!l,9Hr> 73,729! 43,27.:) 19,056' 62,675' 123,084' 2'!(J,790i 64,736' 49,900 
 S. wirt.. 18 108 43.18X2)4,260 102,578 318,2521 263,790 619 293' 290,578' 167,3)11 139,S56 S3,01S 
 
 <;orn 2.58,210 568,325 94 ',4S0H,077,6'l0;i,806/.58 l,47,s,760 2,044,9 2 431,00< l,.S0(i,310 4,(M6,S3i 
 
 Barley... 4,092 7,23o 8,U0 71,719! 201,040 1.55,7O0 67,649 9S,740 37,723i 2,2S0 2,016 
 
 Rye 16 170 Ks,120 86,.'0:i, 130,860, 92,758; 1,H5.1.58 45,952, 65,5651 72,780 206,404 
 
 Oats I 4.624 47,425 102,100 160,625 139,412 115,917' 200,5381 251,900, 256,3081 27.j,735 530,400 
 
IJinforif of R('/>t(l)Iir Count I/. 
 
 I'opidatinn. 
 
 Acres of trees one j/r.\ 
 old and over. J 
 
 Pounds of Honey pru-\ 
 duced in 1882. 
 
 1^0. Peach Trees in\ 
 bearlnp. ] 
 
 xVo. Apple Trees iJiJ 
 bearinff. 
 
 I'alue of Animals 
 slaughtered c(- sold 
 for slaughter during 
 the year. 
 
 dumber of Swine. 
 
 *i" 1-* c-i lO c^ cc 'C :c CO -*■ Ci -H i^ Oi irt I- — '^ :2 X 1 ! P '-:: 
 :c »o iO c^ 1^ :ct^ t^ t^ 00 :CM^ 3o "r? cs CO »ci^ o to c-o tO » 
 
 
 
 • ^OJSl^T-l 
 
 Tticiira-^oi^tsc-j-^cocciocjr-i^g--^ 
 SoioS'wiOco^>-<otDp-;coroT-;OrH^i:-oi> 
 
 5h i^ cc y C) c-i c-i <M M ri r-i i-ic-i 1-1 '.-I c. — ^: — •- 4 
 
 Number of Sheep. 
 
 ^^^ci'eo i -- •£ 1; = i; :* -• l^OTNg 
 
 No. of other Cattle. 
 
 X :/D CO o t* i-*^ CO ^ -*< -^ r^ o ici 
 
 l-O o CO ^ *^ X 
 
 i^ -O t^ O O iC' w '-C 3^ 'O "^ 00 
 
 5 t^ <CHO I-' O (N !0 
 
 ■ I -*omcooc~.-ior oa^iO--gc>occ [-.c-Jcwco-^Ti"* 3 
 
 ■s-r J- Ti«-i I ^w ^ ij iii ii r?^ fNl -t- D^ lO ^^ 00 GO Tt< W CO — -t* i-T C<J rr CO Ci 
 
 No. of Mtlch Cows. I j553;oq;3??;'«iS-if co^y;cooocoooo5-rt-ico jh 
 
 Number of Mules. 
 
 Number of Horses. [ 
 
 Acres of Pi-airie un- 
 der Pence. \ 
 
 Bu^ihels of Corn on. 
 hand M'ch 1, 1883. 
 
 Acres of Oats. 
 
 Acres of Corn. 
 Acres Spring Wheat. 
 
 C5C0 
 
 -too 
 
 r>. to i^ _ (M (35 o r^ -i^<^ o 1-f ?^ -^ :c ri -i* C3 CI o ; 
 
 »-i'io-f'^>n-fco 
 
 CO o Tf* oo lis CO 00 
 
 ■I C: rrOCOGOO :iQCO I'r-I -^COlO 1 
 I (M Ol CO — — • 01 r^ CO M "-I : 
 
 'Ciot^''3<tD;o:ooitor^i^t^^"ti^^"^o 
 
 OD-ift^C:— (0-10COOCO«5tDcaO£-'-lt--uO;-ICO;3;0(CC 
 
 Cifti-ocoir~oi:~oocoos.o^ujcooiococor--oslcj 
 -H -^ c; o — i^ i-t c^ -^=0 o o -# t^ uo »-i -r i^ CO . > CI 1^ 
 
 • ^ _L r^ fX .^ r>^ -^ ./-\ f^ fri in e^ 1^ rt. CO to m jt »o >iO O 
 
 P tO O lO O to lO 
 
 t^ tn L-o o ■»< 11^ ci T(< 
 
 CO CO C'J CO lO 
 
 3 C<l r^ to =5 ■* 
 CI •-1 
 
 Acres of Pall Rye. 
 Acres of Fall Wheat. 
 
 05-^10 - -r CI iro CJ CI CO — • CI CO cj r-i ■* 1-5 CO CO CO 
 
 CO rH s oj r-. X Tt> — o = >o - = o -o 3 CO -e ;;; "^^ 
 
 if S C) — CO TV 1^ TT CO Tf — -1" to O -1< d TJ< CO 
 
 »Ni cc o o — X i~ c ;; — ^- V X or — CO 
 O'l^ f t^ ci -t« ^H I— 01 X :c X iio to t^ »o 
 
 rH » r- CO >-^ f-H M 
 
 No. of Township. 
 
 -HC<ioot)<.otot-x-. = ^cjcvo2SS^22SSci?3l 
 
 C >» ^ 5t = 
 .•~ G -5 « cu S S 
 
 — • » 
 
 O oO.- o 
 tl o a, -> f^ 
 
50 Historii of RejuihUc (\iniifj/. 
 
 WHEAT AND BARLEY. 
 
 Republic county is located in what was known, from 1872 to 1878, 
 as the spring wheat belt of Kansas, composed of seven counties lying 
 in a compact body in the northwest, five of Avhich, Marshall, Wash- 
 ington, Republic, Jewell and Smith, being in the northern tier, and 
 the other two, Cloud and Mitchell, adjoining. In 1878, these seven 
 counties produced 3,345,340 bushels, or nearly three-fifths the entire 
 spring wheat product of the State. In the number of bushels raised, 
 Republic county ranked in the State as follows : 
 
 1872 as 2d. " 1876 as 2d. 1879 as 1st, 
 
 1873 as 6th. 1877 as 3d. 1880 as 3d. 
 
 1874 as 3d. 1878 as 1st. 1881 as 2d. 
 
 1875 as 1st. 
 
 Thus it appears that, for a period of ten years, she held the first 
 place three years, the second place three years, the third place three 
 years, and the sixth place one year. But at present its cultivation 
 is almost entirely abandoned, not because wheat cropping has 
 exhausted or even seriously impaired the properties of the soil neces- 
 sary to produce its perfect development in straw and grain. 
 
 The greater portion of the wheat that has been grown in Republic 
 county, has been on new land, or ground that had not been ploughed 
 more than two or three times at most. Our soil in the bottom is an 
 alluvial deposit, and on the uplands a vegetable mold, both of which, 
 by deep and thorough cultivation, become light and mellow, and 
 seem determined to remain in that condition. It is almost impossi- 
 ble to get it back into a solid, compact mass, as it was found under 
 the native sod, a condition seemingly necessary for the successful 
 culture of both winter and spring wheat. Experience, we think, has 
 demonstrated that Avheat Avill not pay in Kansas, on land that has 
 been brought under thorough cultivation. This is one reason for 
 discontinuing its culture. Another is that it is subject to the attack 
 of chinch bugs, those pests to the farmer, which in dry seasons fre- 
 quently destroy whole fields of wheat, and afterward seriously dam- 
 age the corn crop. Besides, most farmers of close observation concur 
 in the opinion that stock-raising, in its various departments, ought to 
 be made a leading, if not the most prominent, feature in farm opera- 
 tions. Hence, many of our best farmers are turning their attention 
 
//ixton/ of /i('/iii/>hC Coini///. ■"> 1 
 
 in this direction. From 187(5 to 18T!>, barley was (juite successi'ully 
 grown. Republic county ranked as follows : 
 
 1876 as 3d. 1877 as 2d. 1878 as Ist. 187!) as 2d. 
 
 This crop has also been nearly discontinued, only 2,016 bushels 
 being raised in the county in 1882. 
 
 CORN IS KING. 
 
 In 187(3, for the first time, the corn crop of the county exceeded 
 one million bushels. In 1880 we ranked as the seventh corn pro- 
 ducing county in Kansas, and in 1882 as third, producing, as shown 
 in the table, 4,046,835 bushels, only two counties in the State pro- 
 ducing a greater number of bushels, viz., Marshall and Sumner ; but 
 it must be borne in mind that these counties embrace a much larger 
 area than Republic. The following shows the area of the three 
 counties named, and the number of bushels produced by each : 
 
 Republic, 720 square miles 4,646,835 bushels 
 
 Marshall, 900 square miles 4,8i'9,900 bushels 
 
 Sumner, 1,188 square miles 4,671,520 bushels 
 
 From the above, it will be readily seen that Republic, in propor- 
 tion to area, led both the others so far that it is hardly worth Avhile 
 to make a comparison. 
 
 So, also, in the number of swine. In 1882 Republic had 41,U15 ; 
 Marshall, 33,337 ; Sumner, 32,640. 
 
 We have had but two short corn crops since the settlement of the 
 county, — nearly a total failure in 1874 on account of the grasshopper 
 visitation, and a partial failure in 1881 on account of an unfavorable 
 season, — and yet we are frequently asked whether we raise any crops 
 or have any stock in the county. 
 
 CENSUS. 
 The population of the county was in 
 
 1882 14,057 1874 8,020 
 
 1861 5 1875 8,048 
 
 1862 13 1876 8,758 
 
 1863 47 1878 10,132 
 
 1868 630 1880 14,913 
 
 1870 1,281 1881 13,117 
 
 1873 7,055 
 
 In 1880 about 1,500 laborers, employed in building the 13. (S: M. 
 railroad, were enumerated by the U. S. census-takers in the town- 
 
r.9 
 
 History of Republic County. 
 
 .slii]>s of Big Bend and Rose Creek, which accounts for the large 
 increase from 1S78 to 1880 and the falling oflf from 1<^80 to 1881. 
 The population in 1888 is 14,897. 
 
 TAXABLE PROPERTY. 
 The following shows the taxable property »)f Kepid»lic County hy 
 townships, both real and personal, for the year 1883: 
 
 AUMon 8 81,121 
 
 Beaver 49,610 
 
 BeUevillo 82,887 
 
 Big Bend 188 228 
 
 Courtlancl 68,740 
 
 Elk Creek • 75,258 
 
 Fairvlew 8ri,590 
 
 Farmingtoii 87,928 
 
 Freedom 100,844 
 
 Grant 84,067 
 
 Jefferson 70,oso 
 
 Liberty 63,475 
 
 Lincoln 8 76,676 
 
 Norway 105,704 
 
 Richland 59,60S 
 
 Rose Creek 117,259 
 
 Scandia 108,396 
 
 Union 132,402 
 
 Washington 75,026 
 
 White Rock 84,622 
 
 Belleville Clt> 48,1 16 
 
 ScandiiiCity 72,9:>l 
 
 Total 81,918 586 
 
CHAPTER Yl. 
 
 KI.ECTION KKTUKNS. 
 
 In chapter number tliree we have given the election returns down 
 to and including the year l<S6it. Below will he found the returns 
 down to and including the year 1S82. 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1870. 
 
 Votes. \ 'oil's. 
 
 REPRKSEXTATIVK. fOUNTY ATTOKNEV. 
 
 (;. W..Johuson 112 A. F. Heely 217 
 
 N. T. VanNatta 211 A.D.Wilson 27 
 
 I'ROIJATE ,IUD<iK. S(II''T PUIUJC INSTRUCTION. 
 
 I.M.Page V'i6 Chas. Wilson 114 
 
 J. C. Griffith 182 Wilson Lancaster 215 
 
 CLERK DISTRICT COURT. HERD LAW. 
 
 L. K. Dobyns 195 For Herd Law IM 
 
 Ci. B. Austin 72 Against Herd Law 28 
 
 A. B. Tuttou 7 
 
 In 1871, A. D. Wilson, of Scandia, was the regular nominee for 
 representative for Republic county in the State Legislature, R. P. 
 West, Peter McHutcheon and D. C. Gamble being independent 
 candidates. At the election in November, A. D. Wilson receive<l 
 275 votes; R. P. West, 1»;3; P. McHutcheon, 154; D. C. (Jamble, 
 77. 
 
 S. W. Skeels was elected county clerk without opposition. 
 
 I. 0. Savage was elected county treasurer over G. J. Trowbridge 
 by 23 majority. W. W. Newlon, independent candidate for sheriff, 
 was elected over W. S. Latham, by a majority of 42. E. 0. Kindy 
 was elected register of deeds, over V. VanTrump, and J.. G. Arbuth- 
 not was elected county surveyor. 
 
 L. C. Hanson, J. C. Williams and J. H. Frint were elected* 
 county commissioners. 
 
 In 1872, R. P. West was the regular nominee for representative, 
 but was defeated by Capt. A. Shaw, by a majority of 312. 
 
 C. Perry was elected clerk of the district court ; A. D. Marble, 
 county superintendent ; Joseph Boo the, probate judge ; and A. F. 
 Heely, county attorney. 
 
 At the November election in 1873, W. TI. Pilkenton was elected 
 
.")4 Historij of Rcpnhlu; Comiti/. 
 
 representative over R. P. West, independent candidate, by a majority 
 of 81. 
 
 I. 0. Savage was re-elected county treasurer over J. E. Cooper, 
 independent candidate. (\ Perry was elected county clerk over E. 
 M. Crummer, by a majority of 7. J. G. Arbuthnot was elected 
 county surveyor over J. C. Price. 
 
 R. J. Adams was elected register of deeds. W. F. Compton was 
 elected coroner. 
 
 Robert Kyle, J. ( '. Reily and John Manning were elected county 
 commissioners. 
 
 Josiah Kindt, independent candidate for sheritt", was elected over 
 Robert Swan, the regular nominee. 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1874. 
 
 Votes. Votes. 
 
 SENATOR 28th DISTRICT. COUNTY SUPERINTENDENT. 
 
 Horace Cooper 510 D. C. Gamble 670 
 
 R. P. West 491 B. W. Hollen 308 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. A. D. Marble 78 
 
 W. H. Pilkenton 998 clerk of district court. 
 
 COUNTY ATTORNEY. Johll BrOWll 1050 
 
 A.F.Heely 563 Frank Sorgatz 20 
 
 N. T. VanNatta 470 
 
 PROBATE .JUDGE. 
 
 Joseph Boothe 664 
 
 W. H.Boyes 341 
 
 H. G. Dow 69 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1875. 
 
 Votes. Votes. 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE. REGISTER OF DEEDS. 
 
 R.P.Wcst 849 R. J.Adams 1397 
 
 B.C. Gamble 459 coroner. 
 
 TREASiRER. W. F. Compton 1378 
 
 E. M. Crummer 520 < omjiissioner 1st district. 
 
 Robert Kyle 153 W.E.Day 186 
 
 AOdell 152 C. A. Northrup 147 
 
 .T.E.Cooper 171 L.D.Smith 94 
 
 CI.ERK. COMMISSIONER 2d DISTRICT. 
 
 ^ Perry 1379 J.T.Glasgow... 260 
 
 SHERIFF. L. C. Hanson 126 
 
 .Tosiah Kindt 716 T.W.Johnson 101 
 
 R. W. AanDyke 457 commlssioneu 3d district. 
 
 J. A. Moshcr 203 J. W. McCall 236 
 
 COUNTY SURVEYOR. Geo. L.White 231 
 
 J. C. Price 1,S98 
 
If/'sturi/ of /ii'pil/)f/c ('nil lit I/. 
 
 ELEcrrio:^, November, irtc 
 
 SENATOR 33n DISTRICT. 
 
 Voles in Kepuhlic count ij. 
 
 James Strain, Kep 3154 
 
 I. O. Savage, Ind. Rep 1121 
 
 L W. Bortou, Dem 310 
 
 REI'RKSKNTATIVK IOGTH DISTRICT. 
 
 W. H. rilkeutou (i25 
 
 Miltou Grim 390 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE 107TH DISTRICT. 
 
 Geo. L. White 354 
 
 I). C. Canible 260 
 
 K. P. We.st 104 
 
 A. J. Beers ^69 
 
 VotrH. 
 COl NTV ATTORNEY. 
 
 N. T. VanNatta Elected 
 
 A. E. Taylor 
 
 I'ROISATE .llTD(iE. 
 
 Joseph I'.oothe P^lected 
 
 J. C. Keily 
 
 A. P.. Young 
 
 SITP'T JTBLIC INSTRUCTION. 
 
 J. C. Price Elected 
 
 J M. Roach 
 
 CLERK DISTRICT COURT. 
 
 Frank Armstrong Elected 
 
 E. A. Hallowell 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1877. 
 Votes. 
 
 COUNTY CLERK. 
 
 C. Perry 1345 
 
 COUNTY TREASURER. 
 
 E. M. Crummer 1264 
 
 SHERIFF. 
 
 Wm. Norris 329 
 
 Brady Bowling 169 
 
 Frank Brown 235 
 
 J. P. Forshee 324 
 
 REtJISTER OF DEEDS. 
 
 J. A. Mosher 574 
 
 E. A. Hallowell 752 
 
 CORONER. 
 
 R. p. West 386 
 
 J. C. Reily 948 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1878 
 
 Votes. 
 REPRESENTATIVE 106TH DISTRICT. 
 
 Wm. M. Moore 284 
 
 J. G. Arbuthuot 172 
 
 J. B. Pollard 96 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE 107TH DISTRICT. 
 
 Geo. L.White 340 
 
 D. C. Gamble 199 
 
 A. D.Wilson 251 
 
 H. T. Wetzel 41 
 
 Votes. 
 SURVEYOR. 
 
 J. C. Price 1273 
 
 COMMISSIONER IST DISTRICT. 
 
 J. C. Keene 246 
 
 W. E. Day 131 
 
 COMJIISSIONER 2d DISTRICT. 
 
 L. C. Hanson 268 
 
 W. McDonald 127 
 
 Nicolas Marty 115 
 
 COMMISSIONER 3d DISTRICT. 
 
 J. H. McCall 253 
 
 Peter Doctor 182 
 
 PRORATE JUDGE. 
 
 Joseph Boothe 1220 
 
 COUNTY ATTORNEY. 
 
 N, T. VanNatta 1208 
 
 I 'otes. 
 CLERK DISTRICT COURT. 
 
 J. E. Hallowell 911 
 
 J. P. Heaton 411 
 
 SUP'T PUT5LIC INSTRUCTION. 
 
 J. H. McCall 1166 
 
 .T. H. Sherrard 192 
 
 COMMISSIONER IST DISTRICT. 
 
 A. B. Bachelor 196 
 
 A. Steenblock 20 
 
 W. W. Wait 157 
 
r^G 
 
 HiHtotjl of Republic County. 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1879. 
 Voles. 
 
 Vol, 
 
 COUNTY TREASURER. 
 
 8. G.Stover 1878 
 
 M. W. Hodgins oO 
 
 COLINTY CLERK. 
 
 C. Perry 1074 
 
 M. C. ToUey 820 
 
 J. Williams 39 
 
 SHKRIKF. 
 
 R. B.Ward 549 
 
 Josiah Kindt 648 
 
 J. P. Forshee 229 
 
 E. 1). Bugbee 28 
 
 John A.Clark 29 
 
 Wm. Norris 258 
 
 W. C. Shull 199 
 
 SURVEYOR. 
 
 .1. C.Price 1339 
 
 W. H.Thompson.. 299 
 
 E. W. Wai^ener 55 
 
 REGISTER OF DEKDS. 
 
 E. A. Hallowell 1124 
 
 John Ka^l 7<J1 
 
 E. D. Spafford 31 
 
 ( •( >RONER. 
 
 .1. C. Reily 1125 
 
 G. W. Lash 52 
 
 C. Taylor 693 
 
 COMMISISIONER 2d DISTRICT. 
 
 L. C. Hanson 384 
 
 J. W. Smith 293 
 
 COMBIISSIONEB 3d DISTRICT. 
 
 J. F.Wells 337 
 
 Geo. Kidder 271 
 
 Conrad Meyers 20 
 
 Votoi. 
 ( ONSTITUTIONAL AJIENDMENT. 
 
 For the constitutional amend- 
 ment prohibiting the manufac- 
 ture and sale of intoxicating 
 liquors 1330 
 
 At,'aiust 919 
 
 SENATOR 33d DISTRICT. 
 
 N. B. Brown 477 
 
 R. V. West 1345 
 
 L.J. Crans 728 
 
 COUNTY ATT( )RN K Y . 
 
 N. T. VanNatta 1582 
 
 L.J. Tibbetts 847 
 
 'P. M.Noble 16 
 
 I'ROBATR .MDGK. 
 
 Joseph Boothe •.... 1941 
 
 v. W. .Johnson 536 
 
 II. Smith 130 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1880. 
 
 Votex. 
 SUP'T public INSTRUCTION. 
 
 J. M.Lawrence 1886 
 
 .1. H. Sherrard 609 
 
 W. H. Thompson 136 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE 106tH DISTRICT. 
 
 W. H. Leigh 725 
 
 S. F. Vinton 332 
 
 S. M. Edwards 101 
 
 REPRESENTATIVE 107TH DISTRICT. 
 
 I). C. Gamble 438 
 
 W. P. Peake 689 
 
 F. N. Hart 40 
 
 W. C. Shull 275 
 
 COMMISSIONER 3D DISTRICT. 
 
 J.F.Wells Elected 
 
 Sam uel Whan 
 
 CLERK OF DISTRICT COURT. 
 
 .1. E. Hallowell 1893 
 
 \\. A. Allen 594 
 
 Geo. H. Collins 138 
 
Hilton/ i>t lifjiiililic Ciiiiiitii. 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, iHsl. 
 
 Votes. 
 
 Vol,- 
 
 COUNTY TKEASUKKK. SIJBVKYOK. 
 
 S.G. Stover !iU61 F. W. Wagener 1717 
 
 W. ll.Thompsou :W9 
 
 COKONKK. 
 
 .1. C. Reily 172') 
 
 COUNTY CLKKK. 
 
 C. Perry 1918 
 
 Geo. A. Terpeuing 162 
 
 KECJISTKR OK OKKOS. 
 
 J. A. Mosher 1039 
 
 E. A. Hallowell 1(»70 
 
 SHERIFF. 
 
 T. M. Little 536 
 
 Josiah Kindt 726 
 
 W. P. Karick 700 
 
 J. B. Pollard 7 
 
 8. A. McKay 138 
 
 A. Blocklinger 117 
 
 COMflllSSlONEK 1st district. 
 
 S. M. Edwards 366 
 
 A. B. Bachelor 272 
 
 COMMISSIONER 2l) DISTRICT. 
 
 E. S. McKay 180 
 
 .)obn Goold 157 
 
 T. Wohlfoit 447 
 
 ELECTION, NOVEMBER, 1882. 
 
 Volea. 
 KEPBESENTATIVE 79TH DISTRICT. 
 
 W. A. Reeves 603 
 
 J.B. Pollard 350 
 
 Votes. 
 
 SUP'T PUUI.IC INSTRUCTION. 
 
 J. M. Lawrence 1535 
 
 J. S. Carpenter 60;{ 
 
 EEPRESENTATIVK 80TH DISTRICT. CLKKK DISTRICT COURT. 
 
 Wm. Glasgow 490 E. A. Hallowell 17.32 
 
 D.C. Gamble 561 W. A. Hallowell 4(»3 
 
 COMMISSIONER 2d DISTRICT. 
 
 E. S. IVlcKay 258 
 
 R. T. Stanfield 185 
 
 T. Wohlfort 462 
 
 Geo. A. Terpening 183 
 
 COUNTY ATTORNEY. 
 
 T.M.Noble 1159 
 
 N. T. VanNatta 825 
 
 B. F. Surface 250 
 
 PROBATE .IUD<JE. 
 
 Joseph Boothe 1392 
 
 R. P.Cheney 299 
 
 S. F.Vinton 545 
 
 From the returns given above, it will he observed that ordinarily 
 there has been no dearth of candidates tor tlic various offices within 
 the gift of the people of Republic county. 
 
 In 1871, there were four candidates for representative, the same 
 in 1S7G, 1878 and 1880, in the l()7th district, and three from the 
 lOHth in 1878, and the same number in 1880. In 1874, there 
 were three candidates for })robate judge and three for county super- 
 intendent; in 187;"), four for treasurer and three for sheriff; in 
 1877, four for sheriff; in 1S7*.>, seven eandichites for that im])orlant 
 
58 Hufory of BepuhNe County. 
 
 office, only one of whom Avas elected; and in ISSl, there were oidy 
 five aspirants for that position. The number for this year has not 
 yet l)eeu definitely ascertained ; but a very close observer, in strolling- 
 throu«j;h the political woods, would undoubtedly discover game and 
 several parties who already have very tall lightning rods erected for 
 the nominating fluid to play upon, thus relieving the people from 
 any embarrassment on account of lack of candidates. One thing, 
 however, is (|uite remarkable, — no regular nominee for the office of 
 sheriff has been elected since 18()9, some independent candidate 
 invariably succeeding. 
 
 Politically, the county is and has ever been Repul>lican, being 
 at one time the banner Republican county in the State, casting 
 1,060 votes for Thomas A. Osborn for Governor, in November, 
 1872, and 25 for Thaddeus II. Walker, the Democratic candidate. 
 
CHAPTER VII. 
 
 COUNTY INDKHTEDNKSS. 
 
 As stated in a former chapter, the county was organized in Sep- 
 tember, 1H(J8, with a population barely sufficient for that ptirpose ; 
 and, the county lying wholly within the homestead area, conseciuently 
 having very little real estate subject to taxation, and nearly every 
 settler sheltering himself behind the $200 exemption clause in the 
 constitution, it is not strange that the county found itself unable to 
 pay current expenses. The total taxable property of the county in 
 1869 was but little more than $100,000, and under the law only one 
 per cent could be levied for general revenue, raising only $1,000 
 for current expenses, providing the tax had all been collected, which, 
 in those days, did not often happen. Then the lands knoAvn as the 
 State or Steele lands, being the principal portion of the real estate in 
 the county subject to taxation, paid no taxes for that year, owing to 
 some irregularity in advertising them for sale, consequently the tax 
 collected for current county expenses was considerably less than 
 $1,000. In 1870, the taxable property had increased to $202,32i», 
 on which the county tax was, in round numbers, $2,000. In the 
 spring of 1871, a committee to investigate the financial affairs of the 
 county was appointed, consisting of C. Perry, A. D. Wilson and T. 
 J. Baird, who reported an indebtedness of $5,500, and the same con- 
 stantly increasing, which, from the nature of the case, was unavoid- 
 able ; and the fact that the county had been organized at too early a 
 date became apparent to every one. County scrip depreciated to GO 
 cents on the dollar, and books, stationery and other supplies needed 
 by the county, had to be pnid for with depreciated paper. 
 
 And so matters continued until April, 1873, when $15,000 in 
 county bonds were issued by the county commissioners, to liquidate 
 outstanding indebtedness, in pursuance of an act of the Legislature 
 approved February 20, 1873. This measure afforded temporary 
 relief only, as the amount was barely sufficient to liquidate outstand- 
 ing indebtedness, leaving nothing for current expenses for the year. 
 
 The tax levy of 1873 was insufficient to meet expenses, and the 
 indebteilness stendilv increased until 187<», when the maximum of 
 
GO Hhtori/ of U('inihlir Count//. 
 
 .^42,800 was reached. During this year, $27,<S00 in county bonds 
 were issued in pursuance of an ace of the Legislature, approved Febru- 
 ary 28, 1870, to pay oft" outstandnig scrip, and provide for the cur- 
 rent expenses for the year. These were ten per cent, bonds, running 
 15 years, the last of which were issued by the commissioners Decem- 
 ber 2(J, 1870. Since that time, the debt has been steadily reduced 
 until the present time, leaving a balance outstanding June 15, 1888, 
 of $19,000, which has been refunded in per cent, bonds running 
 ten years, but subject to call after five years. A tax levy of one per 
 cent on the present taxable property of the county would pay these 
 bonds off". Our total municipal indebtedness, including county 
 township, and school district bonds, was, on the 1st day of July, 
 1882, $52,754, which has been reduced since that date at least 
 $5,000, leaving our total indebtedness at present a little less than 
 $48,000. The following shows the indebtedness of Republic and a 
 few sister counties in northern Kansas, each having about the same 
 amount of taxable property, July 1, 1882 : 
 
 Republic $ 52,754 Ottawa $100,000 
 
 Washington 108,475 Clay 117,390 
 
 Jewell 112,014.72 Mitchell 62,000 
 
 Cloud 215,641.33 
 
 The above is official, and ought, we think, to be quite satisfactory 
 to the tax-payers of the county, showing as it does that, as comparetl 
 with the other counties, our financial affairs have been carefully 
 sruarded and well manay-ed. 
 
<'IIAI'TKI! ^■1II. 
 
 rowxsiiirs, cities, villages, ktc. 
 
 ALBION TOWNSHIP. 
 
 As slidwii l)v tlic niaj), Albion occupies the iiortlicast corner ol' 
 tlie countv, and is known as town 1 soutli, range 1 west, and is a 
 most excellent township of land for farming purposes. It is watered 
 by Cherry creek, Avhich flows southeast, through the southern half" 
 of the townshi]). Reuben Phillips made the first settlement in 
 October, ISl!!). The townshi]) was organized in ISTO, and I)a\ id 
 (reckler was the first township trustee. Prairie drove post-office 
 Avas established in 1872, and E. W. Hall aj)pointed first postmaster. 
 ROSE CREEK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Hose Creek lies immediately west of Albion, is well tind)ered ainl 
 
 \v(>ll watered. Rose creek flowing northeast through the gi-eatcv 
 
 portion of the tow^nship. Magnesia limestone is found in great 
 
 abundance on twelve different sections of land. The first settlement 
 
 was made bv Thomas Resester, Mav loth, 1(S(;)7. The townshii* 
 
 was organized in 1870, and Frank Powell was the first township 
 
 trustee. 
 
 LIBERTY TOWNSHIP. . 
 
 Liberty, next west of Rose Creek, is also well watered, and \\:\> 
 
 considerable timber. Among the first settlers wei-e J. J. Wilkes. 
 
 Thomas Benson, Andrew Glenn, Geo. A. Hovey, and Desmond 
 
 Craine. The township was organized in 1871, and Avas christened 
 
 Liberty by Mrs. G. A. Ilovey. Geo. A. Hovey was the first 
 
 toAvnship trustee. 
 
 WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 The first settlement in this township was made by John Ste\ens. 
 who built the first house, in 1870. Among the early settlers were 
 ^Vnl. R. Toll, Stephen Matteson, A. B. Turner, and ^L•. Free, the 
 latter building the first frame house in the township. Noah Miles 
 was tbe first township trustee. 
 
 BIG BEND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 This townslii)) lies in the northwest corner of the comity, is 
 watere<l by the Republican river, which flows tlirough it from the 
 
'»w llii<tiirii (if l!('[>i>h]ic CiHditii. 
 
 iiortlnvt'st to the soutlioiist. The first settloiiicnt Avas made by 
 Daniel Davis. The first business established was a general store by 
 Win. Walton, in the northwest coi'ncr of the township, in 1871. 
 (Jonieria post-oflfice was established in 1871, W^. R. Charles post- 
 master. 
 
 WHITE ROCK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 So called from a creek of the same name, which flows across the 
 northern and western portions of the township. The first settlement 
 was made l»y Philip Keyser, in the spring of 1862, Avho remained 
 but a shoi't time. In the fall of 18(>:5, S. M. Fisher, James Reed, 
 and one (Jlark made a settlement, but left the following spring on 
 account of Indian troubles. No further settlement was attempted 
 until 18()(), Avhen Thomas LoveAvell and others came to stay* White 
 Rock post-office Avas established in May, 1871, and Chester Babcock 
 a])pointe(l })ostmaster. 
 
 UNION TOWNSHIP. 
 
 The first settlement made in this toAvnship was by S. Shcrdahl, 
 April 10th, 1870, and Avho is still a resident of the toAvnship. Mr. 
 8hei-(lahl had his only team of horses stolen by the Indians, May 
 18th, 1870. The toAvnship Avas organized July 7th, 1871, and E. 
 K. Mahan appointed first trustee. Magnesia limestone is found on 
 section ^)-5. This township embraces a larger area than any other 
 in the county, the Rejjublican river forming its Avestern boundary. 
 
 FREEDOM TOWNSHIP. 
 
 This township lies in the center of the county, east and Avest, is 
 Avell settled and well ini})roved, and is one of the best in the county. 
 The first settlement was made on the SW \ of section 85, by Dr. 
 A. I). Tutton, in the spi-in^ of 1870. The first school Avas tausjht 
 by Mrs. A. Odcll, at her residence, in the winter of 1870-1. The 
 toAvnship Avas oiganizeil in July, 1871, and named Freedom by W^m 
 Hughes; and Robt. M. Edgecomb Avas the first toAvnship trustee. 
 All aliiiiKlaiice of magnesia limestone is f >und in the south part of 
 the township. 
 
 FAIRVIEW TOWNSHIP 
 lies next east of Kree(lom, and is also an excellent township of 
 land. Fii-st settlement was made in 1870; and Avas name<l F;iirview 
 by Jose])h Northru]), first township trustee. The jjopulation is 
 about ciiuaily divided between Americans and Bohemians. 
 
Hint or 11 of Rcjmblic ('oniit//. do 
 
 FARMINGTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 •loliii Harris, sr., and Calvin Mapcs wvvv tlie first settlers in 
 this towiislii}), niakijiii; settlement in 1807. Tiie next were H. 11. 
 llardeiibmii; and Mary Cunnnins, who came in May, 18()8. This 
 was the first townsliij) organized in tlie eounty. An ahiindaiiee of" 
 limestone is found, and the township is well watei'ed by Mill creek, 
 and has eonsiderahle tind)er. 
 
 RICHLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 John Harris and James Swan were tlie first to make settlement 
 in this towiishi|i, Harris takin<»; a homestead on the N J of" NW | of 
 section 4, and Swan pre-empting the NE ^ of the same section on 
 the ;")th day of March, 1866. Edwin Enoch came in April, /. V. 
 Rowe and Jacob Hull in the summer of the same year. Henry 
 Willoughby, AVm. Oliver, and Samuel Elder came in the fall, 
 settling in the south part of the township. This township is well 
 watered, has considerable timber, and an a])undance of buildiuix 
 stone. 
 
 JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 The first settlement was made by J. E. Van Natta and Wni. 
 Harshberger, ^lay 10th, 18(^2, David and John Cory coming soon 
 after; and, still later, Henry Mead, J. H. Frint, Noah Kunkel, J. 
 R. Robbins, J. H. Jackson, and George Wilcox. In this township, 
 the first school was taught and the first sermon preached in Rejmblie 
 county. Good building stone is found on nearly every section, and 
 pottery clay is quite abundant. The township was organized in 
 1871."^ 
 
 BELLEVILLE TOWNSHIP. 
 So called from Belleville, the county seat. It was settled bv J. 
 C. Reily, and T. C. and W. II, II. Reily, his sons, in 18()(), all of 
 whom are still residoits of the county. This township is watered 
 by Salt and Reily creeks, which flow across it from north to south, 
 has considerable timber, an abundance of limestone, and many 
 valuable improvements. J. C. Reily was the first township trustee. 
 
 SCANDIA TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Scandia was first settled by the Scandinavian colony, in the fall of 
 1868. This township lies on both sides of the river, which is 
 spanned by a substantial bridge at Scandia City, a place of consid- 
 
<i4 History of Jiepuhlic County. 
 
 cralilc coniiiicicial itnportaiicc. The towiisliip was or<^aiiiz(Ml in 
 1S70. 
 
 COURTLA.ND TOWNSHIP. 
 Tlio fifst scttleiiictit ill tliis towiisliij) was made liv ( '. A. Ilolni- 
 stroiii in the spring of ISOtt, who l)roke the fii-st jiniirie and huilt 
 the first house. The first school-house was built by subscription, in 
 <listrict No. 42, in the summer of ISTl. The township was 
 or<janize(l in 1871, and called Soldier, afterward changed to 
 ('ourtland. ('liristo])lier Tarkinson was the first trustee. 
 
 BEAVER TOWNSHIP. 
 
 E. 1). Pedersen and T. A. Nelson settled on Beaver creek in 
 iSdll, 1)eing the first settlers in the townshij). It was called Buffalo 
 lU'ecinct until ISTo, Avlien, jirincipally through the efforts of Mr. 
 Pedersen, the township Avas organized, and named Beaver, from the 
 creek which iiows through it. This was the last townshij* oi'ganized 
 in the county. 
 
 NORWAY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 The first settlcniciit in the townshi)) was made l»y Thomas (rrceii 
 and family in 1S()!I. Norway post-office was established Janmiry 
 1st, IS"", and .1. (t. McCathron a])])ointed jiostmaster. This 
 townshijt lies on both sides of the Rejmblican river. TAventy-five 
 per cent is bottom land, and very fertile. Good building stone is 
 found on s((venteeii dift'erent sections, and good pottery day is 
 foiiiid on section 1 ."). The townshi)) was organized in 1871. 
 
 LINCOLN TOWNSHIP 
 wa- settled liy Daniel Meyers, in March. 1801, one of the first 
 settlements in the county. West Creek ])OSt-office was established 
 •June 2()th, 1871, and Joseph A. Deweese apiiointed postmaster. 
 Sections 17, 27. oo, 34, and 3;") are underlaid with coal, and pottery 
 clay is found on the northeast (piarter of section 16. Hydraulic 
 cement is also found in the township in consideralde quantities, and 
 magnesia limestone of most e.xcellent ((uality is distributed through- 
 out the entire township. It is Avatered by West creek, and has 
 considerable timber. 
 
 GRANT TOWNSHIP. 
 The first settlement was made by James <i. Tuthill, in 18(n. 
 The great salt marsh, described elsewhere in this work, lies wholly 
 within this township. The township was organized in 1868. It is 
 
If/xfori/ of R('i)i(f'//c Coiiiilii. (>'") 
 
 well watered, well timbered, has plenty of magnesia limestone, and 
 is one of the most prosperous townships in the county, stock growing 
 being one of tlie leading industries. 
 
 ELK CREEK TOWNSHIP. 
 Elk Creek, lying in the southeast corner of the county, was 
 settled early in 18(38, the first settlers being \V. I.I., (Jeo. W. and 
 E, A. WiHoughby, \Vm. Oliver, A. Mapes, M. TT. Harper, Samuel 
 and Robert Edwards, llomantc Alderman, and Frank Smith. -John 
 Manning, G. W. Johnson, Reuben James, and John W. Jarrett 
 arrived October 15th, the same year ; and 0. (1. Bowers and family, 
 on the 16th. John H. Ranney came later in the fall. Elk creek 
 flows from north to south across the township, affording plenty of 
 water, and, in many places along its banks, there is considerable 
 timber. Limestone, for building purposes, is alnindant. The 
 township was organized in 1871. 
 
 BELLHVILLE CITY. 
 
 The Belleville Town-site Company was organized on the 25th 
 day of September, 1860, and the. following named persons were 
 reported as charter members : James E. VanNatta, N. T. Van 
 Natta, A. B. Tutton, W. A. Means, J. H. Frint, T. C. Reily, W. 
 n. H. Reily, W. A. Dugger, John MacFarlane, -John Harris, jr., 
 B. F. Sayler, T. C. Smith, W. W. Newlon, John W. Corey, G. H. 
 Jackson. 
 
 The site selected was the NW ^ of section 2, town 8 south, range 
 o west, the same being made Avith a vicAv to a central location in the 
 county. On motion of A. B. Tutton, the town was christened 
 Belleville, in honor of Arabelle, his Avife. At this time, the toAvn 
 Avas on paper Avholly, no buildings having been erected, nor im- 
 provements of any kind made. At this meeting, the folloAving res- 
 olution was unanimously adopted : ""Resolved, 1'hat this company 
 proposes Belleville as a point for the county seat of Rejiublic county, 
 Kansas, and that avc use all due exertion, as a company and iruli- 
 vidually, for its election." Subsequent events sIioav that this com- 
 pany stood together to carry out this resolution. 
 
 At the second meeting of the company, held August 27th, the 
 charter and by-laws were adopted, and the following officers elected : 
 J. E. VanNatta, president ; .Tohn McFarlanc, secretary ; -Tolm 
 5 
 
(U\ H/'sfon/ of /{('/fufi/ir ('(xnifi/. 
 
 Iliinis, jr., troasurci- ; B. F. Siiyler, .]. ('. Keily and A. 15. Tutton, 
 wevv elected directors. A portion of the town site was surveyed bv 
 K. 1'. Il edenskogo;, county surveyor, in the foil of 18(1^'. 
 
 The third meetino- was held November 13th, 186tt, at which 
 meeting R. P. West moved that a house l(ixl8 feet be erected for 
 the use of the company, and that the logs for the same be placed on 
 the ground by November 27th, Avhich motion prevailed. A. !>. 
 Tutton was chosen chairnnin of the board of directors, and the meet- 
 ing adjourn e<l. 
 
 No more meetinjrs were held until March, 1870, when 1,000 feet 
 of native lumber was purchased for $o5, delivered, and yiv. Tutton 
 authorized to receive bids for dig-o-ino- a well. 
 
 The next meeting w\as held April 4th, and the job of digging the 
 well was let to Dave Woodruff". 
 
 Next meeting was held May 2!hh, 1870, when the following plan 
 and specifications foi' finishing the house were adopted : — 
 
 '''Jlrsolved, That the town house be chinked with i-ock, ilaubcd 
 Avith mortar, covered with Cottonwood shingles, one door and one 
 window cut and finished, gables finished Avith lumber, Avindow to be 
 in the east and door in the Avest end. 
 
 Style of achitccture not distinctly stated, probably a combination 
 of the Ionic, Doric and Grecian l)end. 
 
 ( )p])ortunity was moav offered for bids to finish the house in 
 accoi-dance with the above plan and specifications ; and the same 
 being received and considered, the contract A\'as aAvarded to Jolm G. 
 Rich for the sum of $20, the house to be completed in tAventy days, 
 Avhich Ave presume, was complied Avith, although this the record does 
 not show. We may state, in passing, that W. P. Weeks slept in 
 this house on the night of Api-il 28th, 1870, before it was roofed, he 
 being the first citizen that slept on the toAvn site. Hiis log build- 
 ing, standing alone on the high ])rairie, Avith no other buildings or 
 tind>er in sight, ))resented an ap|)earance of incongruity ; yet the 
 S(juatty little structure had an air of neAvness al)out it that Avas ((tiite 
 refreshing. In this house, the first store Avas kept, by J. ('. liriglit; 
 the first post-office, by A. 1>. Tutton, postmaster : and the first 
 school, taught by Mrs. Kli/a G. Lathan, in the winter of 1S70-71. 
 
 Diirio'i tile summer and fall ol'lS70, sexcral substantial liusiiiess 
 
Hhtityji of llijiiililir CiiKiitii. ilT 
 
 lioiist's wtTC built, anioDL:; wliicli we iiniilidii, a irciicral ^Inrc dii the 
 soiitliwi'st CoriKT (if tlu' |)iil)lic s(|iiaiH', 1)\ (i. 1). I'xiw Tni;j; ; a dniii- 
 aiul iiToccrv st<»r('. hv •!. C (irillitli; a irciicral store, 1)V \'aiitriiin|) 
 iS: I lallowcll ; ami a liotrl on tlic iiortli side of tlu' s(|iiavc, by Win. 
 I'ipcr. hiniii^ the smniiicr of 187<>, tlic little Tclcsm/ie was 
 starte(l, tlie first issue heiiiti' on the 2()th of September. (Jeo. \\ ood 
 started the first blacksmith shop in the fall, on the southwest corner 
 of the S(piare. ( 'harles Hlaiichard opened the first wasj^on shop, and 
 niaiiid'aetured the first wa^-on and the fli'st butii;y at l>elle\ille in 
 Auiriist. 1S7-, and is still carrying- on the trade, turning!- out llrst- 
 elass work. 
 
 Evei-vthing- seems to have woi'ked harmoniously and well, until 
 the latter part of the year ISTO, when A. W. Tutton, a mend)er of 
 the board of directors, accompanied by Marshal Stone and J. < ". 
 l>rii;-ht as witnesses, proceeded to !lie land oflfice at Junction City, 
 where he i-e])resented himself as the president of the town site coni- 
 })any, and authorized and empowered by said company to make final 
 ])roof on the NW | of section 'i, town '-l, range 8, the tract selected 
 as the town site of r>elle\ille. \\ itli the assistance of Stone and 
 Brijiht, on whom the obligations of an oath seem to have rested 
 very lightly, he succeeded in making final proof, taking reeeiv(>r s 
 receipt in his own name. .We had heard before this of a man steal- 
 inj; a barn in the State of New York, but this was the first case we 
 recollect of where a whole town site had been stolen. Soon after 
 this, Tutton left for parts unknown, but was pursued by R. W. 
 Van Dyke and W. S. Latlian, acting for the town company, who, 
 after a long and tedious search, captured him at York Center, 
 Nebraska, and brought him to Belleville to answer for his crooked- 
 ness. A rope and a lind) of a tree were talked of, but better coun- 
 sels prevailed, a compromise effected, and Tutton deeded the town 
 site back to the com])any. after which he was allowed to depart in 
 peace. 
 
 This frau(kilent final proof made iiy Tutton was afterward can- 
 celed by the general land office. On the !>th day of August, 1<S72, 
 the town company re((uested ■). C. Uriffith, ])robate judge, to prove 
 up on the Belleville town site. For this ])urpose, he was provided, 
 by the company, with agricultural college scrip. On the 10th of 
 August, the Judge I'eported that he had made the final ])roof as 
 
r>S Historij of Uepuhlic Oounti/. 
 
 i-equested, whereupon the town company resolved to issue deeds on 
 demand to those entitled to them. But towards the latter ]):irt of 
 Fehruary, 1878, intelligence was received from tlie land office that 
 the commissioner of the general land office at Washington had 
 refused to accept agricultural college scrip in payment of town sites, 
 and that the scrip sent had heen returned. By direction of the 
 town company, C. H. Smith and V. Vantrump, accompanied by 
 Judge Boothe, proceeded to Concordia, and made final proof on the 
 town site, by paying the cash, on the 28th day of February, 1873, 
 just in time to make the town property taxable for that year ; and 
 so at last, after much delay and vexation, a title was obtained, the 
 patent being received October 1st, 1874. 
 
 On the 1st day of December, 1874, the unsold lots belonging to 
 the company were divided by lot among the stockholders, and the 
 Belleville Town-site rV)mpany, after an eventful career of over five 
 years, was dissolved. 
 
 SCANDIA CITY. 
 
 The first settlement made at Scandia was in the fall of 18(')S, by 
 the members of the Scandimiviaii Agricultural Society, of Chicago, 
 Illinois. The first settlers to arrive were M. Johnson, Chas. Lesom, 
 P. Walin, — Lundin, John Strom, F. Granstadt, A. Bergren, A. 
 Ericson, J. R. Sandell, John Holmstrom and Peter Johnson. The 
 t!)wn was named New Scandinavia. 
 
 The first store was built in the fall of 1869, by J. K. Sandell, 
 size 8 feet s(juare, and his first stock of goods invoiced one hundred 
 and twenty-five dollars. 4Miis was the first store started in Repub- 
 lic county. Mr. Sandell is still in the mercantile business, and his 
 trade long since outgrew the limits of the first little store, and he 
 now keeps a large and elegant stock of goods. 
 
 The second business house was built by A. B. Whiting, of Mil- 
 ford, Davis county, who kept a stock of general merchandise. 
 
 The third was Wilson Bros., Chas. and A. D., who kept a gen- 
 eral store, starting in the spring of 1870. 
 
 The next Avas a grocery house, by August Weld, who commenced 
 business sometime in the summer. 
 
 A. T. Miller and Amos Coyle built a business liouse in the sum- 
 mer of 1870, and commenced general merchandising in the fall. 
 Dr. Amos Coyle started a drug store tlie same fall. 
 
Tlixtorii (if licinihlic (\>u)tiii. ()!> 
 
 fj. ('. Hanson ()j)cne(l tlic ''Hanson Ilonsc" early in the s|irinn; 
 of'lSTO, l)eino" the first hotel in KejiiiMic county. 
 
 At the time the sotth'inent was made at Scamlia, the nearest 
 setth'V on the south was one Dutton, in (Moud count v, about sixteen 
 miles down the river. 4Mie nearest on the east was the Salt Creek 
 settlement, fourteen miles distant, and S. M. Fisher and a lew 
 otiiers had made a settlement on White Kock ('reck. In the sprint; 
 of 1(S(J*J, immediately after the killing of the boy (Jii'anstadt by the 
 Indians, E. B. Pedersen was dispatched to Fort lliley, tin- nearest 
 military post, for assistance, but failed to procure any at that time. 
 A short time after, howc^ver, seventy-five men, under command ol' 
 ('ol. Weir, were sent to Scandia, where they remained on duty 
 about two months. 
 
 The post-office was established July 1st, 1861), E. H. Hansen 
 being the first postmaster, and the office was called New Scandina- 
 via. This was the third post-office estaLlished in the county. The 
 mail was brought from Junction (Uty once a week. ('aj)t. (Jeo. L. 
 White is the present postmaster. 
 
 The Scandinavian Improvement Company, of Chicago, stai'ted a 
 steam saw-mill at Scandia in the spring of 18()9, and about a year 
 later a o-rist-mill was attached. The mill was remodeled and con- 
 siderably improved in 1878 by the addition of a new engine, two 
 run of new burrs, new bolting machinery, etc. The (bun across the 
 river one-half mile above the old site of the mill was built in 187(1, 
 at an expense of $5,000, and the mill moved and rel)uilt. Excel- 
 lent water-power was obtained, with a fiill of six feet, Leffel's Tur- 
 bine wheel running four burrs, two for wheat, one for corn, and one 
 for middlings. Capacity of the mill, 150 barrels of flour ])er day 
 besides corn and middlings; size of mill, 30x40 feet, two and a half 
 stories high besides basement. This mill is operated by C. F. 
 Ericson. 
 
 Geo. Lembke was the first justice of the peace in Scandia town- 
 ship, being appointed by Gov. Harvey in the spring of 1870. 
 
 The first school taught in Scandia Avas in the summer of 1870, by 
 Maria Young, now the wife of Walter Johnson. '^Pliis was a three 
 months' subscription school, and was taught in the old colony build- 
 ing, afterward purchased bv the district, and used for sevei'al years 
 as a scliool-house. 
 
70 Il/xtori/ of ncjitdilic CiiKiitii. 
 
 Tlie Atcliisoii, Kc|)iil)lic:iii N'allcv c^ I'acitic K. K. Cd. was ornan- 
 i/A'(l ill April, ISTS, and work coHinioiK-ed in .June of the same year. 
 Tlie lii-st train ran into Scandia, December 24th, LST.S. 
 
 The Hanson I Louse was destroyed by fire, October 2-!d, \X1\K 
 was rebuilt the same fall, and re-opened in just three months from 
 the date of tlie fire. 
 
 The order of incorporation of Scandia as a city of the third class, 
 was made March 28th, 1S7!'. First election held on the l.')th of 
 April, 1S79, at Avhich A. D. Wilson was elected mayor, ('. W. 
 (Julick, D. F. Longnecker, T. A. Nelson, L. C. Hanson and A. B. 
 Wilder, councilmen. R. L, Whitney was elected police judge. A. 
 D. Marble was appointed city clerk ; Isaac McCliin, treasurer ; and 
 M. J. Sigsbee, marshal and street commissioner. 
 
 The present officers are : Mayor, C. P. (Jarstensen : council, L. K. 
 White, Theo. Hurtz, A. L. Whitney, C. G. Bulkley and J. K. San- 
 dell ; city clerk, W. H. Stinson ; city marshal, M. J. Sigsbee. 
 
 The population of Scandia, according to census of March, 188--}, 
 is 007, — males 405, females ->02. There are, of this number, 
 American, 443; Swedish, 74; German, 25; Scotch, l-V, Norwe- 
 gian, 13; Irish, 1<* ; English, 7 ; Bohemian, 1 ; Danish, 1 ; Col- 
 ored, 'i^^. 
 
 INVENTOES. 
 
 W. H. Stinson, one of the early settlers and contractor and 
 builder, is the inventor of a novel device for the use of carpenters 
 and other wood workers. It is called a dado plane guide, and its 
 use greatly facilitates the work of making window and door frames, 
 and all work requiring transverse or obli(|ue gains or grooves, being 
 so constructed that, when set for any particular piece of work, any 
 number of exact duplicates can be made without gauging or marking. 
 The device was patented April 25 and August 15, 1882. 
 
 Albert Schlapbach, of Scandia, is the patentee of a hand press or 
 lemon s([ueezer, which is well adapted to the use for which it is 
 <lesigned. Patented in 1882. 
 
 REPUBLIC CITY. 
 Republic City is located on section 3<>, in ]>ig Bend township. 
 In March, 1878, A. B. Young purchased the SW | ofNE • of said 
 section at a public sale of school land, with the view of starting a 
 
llixiorij nf /i(/)ll/>/if ('nllllff/. I I 
 
 (<nvii. Mr. Youiiii" had associated with him .Milton (iriiu, II. S. 
 St. .no, T. F. Mnvlett. J. B. Tolland, Fred and Wm. Elliott cm.I. 
 contributed ten acres of land, making seventy acres in all, with seven 
 members as a town company. The company was chartercMl immc- 
 diiitely, and in May twelve blocks were hiid oft", and lots offered free 
 to any person who would build on them. About the first of October, 
 E. B. Duncan moved a small dwelling house from his farm, throe 
 miles away, and built a blacksmith sho)> about the same time. These 
 were the first buildings on the town site. 
 
 (nmieria post-office was moved from Mr. Pollard's, in October, lo 
 Duncan's, and Mr. Duncan appointed postmaster. In May. 187*.'. 
 Mr. A. Capers erected a business house, the town com]»any donating 
 him two lots. The post-office was then moved from Duncan's to 
 Capei-s', and the latter appointed postmaster, holding the office until 
 in 1(S82, when H. Stone was appointed, and still holds the office. 
 
 Iir June, 187H, Wm. Spotts built ;i suuill blacksmith shop and 
 dwelling house combined. Mr. Spotts opened the first l)0arding 
 house in the cit3^ In September, E. Kerns erected the second 
 business liouse, keeping dry goods and groceries. His building was 
 blown down, and Mr. Kerns soon after left. At the close of the 
 year, there were eight or nine buildings on the town site. 
 
 In June, 1879, the town was surveyed, and lots off'ered for sale. 
 In the fall, the extension of the Central Branch from Scandia to the 
 St;ite line was commenced, and some grading done. In the spring 
 of 1880, the railroad was completed, depot l)uilt,.and trains com- 
 menced running in June. C. W. Gulick built the Famous New 
 York store, 20x50 feet, in May of the same year. The Chicago 
 Lumber Company opened a yard in June, with D. S. Zanker as 
 manager. In the fall, (xeorge Michel erected his large and 
 commodious livery stable. Another blacksmith shop was built, and 
 an elevator erected. 
 
 During the yeai- 1881, the growth of the town was rapid. Many 
 large business houses and several elegant dwelling houses W(>re' 
 erected. The town site now embraces one hundred acres, and lots 
 whicli, three years ago, were given away, are now selling for from 
 $ir, to $:500 each. 
 
 I{e[)ublic City is suriouiided liy a rich farming country, is a good 
 
72 Uli<i<irii (if Rcpuhllo. County. 
 
 market, is pleasantly and healthfully located, and is one of the best 
 trading points in the county. Land in the vicinity is selling at from 
 $8 to $2.") ])er acre, according to improvements. 
 
 HARBINE. 
 
 llarbine is located on the NE |- of section 4, town 1 south, range 
 4 Avest, in Republic county, and on the SE | of section 33, town 1 
 north, range 4 west, in Nebraska, and is on the line of the B. & M. 
 railroad. 
 
 The first building erected on the town site was the railroad depot, 
 in August, 1880. The second was a business house, by Boorman & 
 Waite, on the Kansas side of the railroad. The next were a dwell- 
 ing-house, by David Carpenter, and a grain house by Gregg & Key- 
 ser, in the fall of the same year. Mr. Noah Miles, an old resident 
 of Republic county, built the hotel in 1881, and Harsh & Son 
 opened a lumber yard about the same time. Boorman & Waite 
 built a second business house on the north side of the railroad, in 
 March, 1S83. 
 
 The lumber business is now carried on by Ward Brothers, and the 
 grain trade by Gregg i^ Keyser, I. B. Gaylord, manager. Geo. A. 
 Bcal has a drug store on the south side, and a hardware store on the 
 north. 
 
 llarbine is an important shipping point, and is rapidly growing. 
 
 CUBA. 
 
 Cuba is located on the NW \ of section 4, in Richland township, 
 and on the SW | of section 33 in Farmington township. It is on 
 the main road from Belleville to Washington, is surrounded by a 
 good country, and is an important trading-point. 
 
 John Swan built the first business house, in 1S73. 
 
 WHITE ROCK. 
 
 The town of White Rock, on creek of same name, was laid out 
 in the spring of 1871, on the SW \ of SW \ of section 7-2-5, there 
 being one building on the site at that time, — a general store kept by 
 John Galbraith. 
 
 A saw-mill was built early in 1871, by Ogle ^^ Laney. This 
 mill was run five or six years, and turned out a large amount of 
 lumber, principally oak, ash, black walnut and cottonwood, 15,000 
 
UixUil'jl of Ixfinthlii- ( 'nUhi If. To 
 
 feet having been suwcd in twenty-tbuv lioufs, with two sets of hands. 
 The loss were cut on White Hock creek, Marsh creek ami the 
 Republican river. 
 
 A large flouring mill was built in 1878, by Geo. W. Thacker : is 
 a water-power mill, with Turbine wheel and three run of stone. — 
 two for wheat and one for corn. A forty horse- power engine was 
 put in bv Fred Cooper in 1881, so that the mill could be kept run- 
 ninsr durinjx low water which sometimes occurs during the months of 
 ^Vugust and September. 
 
 From 1872 to 1876, White Hock was the most jirosperous tovai 
 in Republic county. 
 
 A weekly newspaper was published here for about one year in 
 '77 and '78, by Harlan Taylor, called the White Rock hulependeat, 
 and was what its name indicated — independent in polities. 
 
 Well-water is obtained at a depth of 20 feet. 
 
 Land in the vicinity is now selling at from ten to t^Muty-five dol- 
 lars per acre, according to improvements, and no liner country can 
 be found anywhere. 
 
 MINERS VI l.LE. 
 
 This town is located on the county line between lve{)ublic and 
 Cloud, on section -5-") of Lincoln township in Republic, an<l on sec- 
 tions 1 and 2 of Sibley township in Cloud. 
 
 Coal was first discovered here by Nelson in 1"^ <>'••, who opened a 
 mine the same year. Coal then sold at $5 per ton at the bank. 
 Wni. Campbell opened the second bank in 1870. on section 35 ; 
 worked the same about one year, when he sold out to .lojrn Richard- 
 son, who has worked the same mine ever since. C. ('onet opened 
 the third mine in the summer of 1871, worked the same one Avinter, 
 then sold the mine to Alexander Henderson, who still owns the mine. 
 S. F. Curtis commenced mining in 1874, and is carrying on an exten- 
 sfve business. There are at present 1!* mines in successful opera- 
 tion, furnishing employment during the winter seasoi: to 2'M) men. 
 turning out every winter 20,000 tons of coal, worth at the mines 
 the snug little sum of $55,000. The coal is found at a depth of 25 
 to 50 feet, the shallow places being worked by slopes, and the 
 deeper by means of shafts, and all elevated by horsc-jxrwcr. 
 6 
 
74 History of Repuhlw County. 
 
 The post-office was established in 1877, and Chas. E. Berggren 
 appointed postmaster. Samuel Demurs is the present postmaster. 
 
 The Knights of Labor have a strong and prosperous local assembly 
 at this place, instituted March 4th, 1882, by John F. Young, of- 
 Scranton, Ks., local organizer, with 32 charter members. The pres- 
 ent membership is 49. The present officers are, Geo. Helman, 
 master workman ; Alexander Richardson, worthy foreman ; Wm. 
 Pickering, venerable sage ; Chas. Foster, recording secretary ; 
 Chas. Richardson, financial secretary ; Elisha Morris, treasurer. 
 Meet every Tuesday night, at the hall in Minersville. Hall 21x50 
 feet, built of magnesia limestone, and is a neat and substantial struc- 
 ture. The Sunday school is held in this hall, and preaching every 
 two weeks by Rev. Williams, Methodist, and the Rev. Mr. Jackson, 
 Presbyterian. No organized church as yet. 
 
 SEAPO. 
 
 Seapo, signifying the great salt basin, is located on the NE \ of 
 section 28, town 4, range 2, and was surveyed into town lots by E. 
 P. Hedenskogg, county surveyor, in 1870. Geo. W. Beebe was the 
 first to engage in merchandising, commencing early in 1870. T. 
 B. Hazen settled at Seapo, June 20th, 1871, and opened a general 
 store in July of the same year, bringing his goods with him from 
 Lomax, 111. ; has been engaged in the trade ever since, doing a good 
 business all the time, and has probably sold more goods than any 
 other man in Republic county. James G. Tuthill was the first 
 postmaster, and the first in the county. J. N. Curtis is the present 
 postmaster. 
 
 A large steam flouring mill was built by A. W. Miller, in 1874. 
 It has a forty-five horse-power engine, two run of stone, and first- 
 class machinery throughout, its capacity being 100 barrels of flour 
 per day. Cost of mill, |12,000, now owned by T. B. Hazen. 
 
 NEW PABOR. 
 
 John Kasl located on the SW | of section 23, town 2 south, range 
 2 west, the present town site of New Tabor, in March, 1871, and 
 erected the first business house in June of the same year. He 
 opened a general stock of merchandise that summer, and is still 
 engaged in the same business, receiving a good patronage. The next 
 house built was a stone dwelling by the same party. Both of these 
 
IJt'sfor// of Ikc/'uh/iv Coiitifi/. 75 
 
 buildings ure still standing. A blacksmith sho]) was built in the 
 spring of 1872 by Wesley Scocdopole, who still carries on the 
 business of blacksmithing, with all the work he can do. The 
 post-office was established in July, 1872, and John Kasl appointed 
 postmaster, which he has held most of the time since. The next 
 business house was built by Joseph Saip and John Kiichera, who 
 kept a general store. The next was built by Albert Kasl and John 
 Houdek, in the spring of 1879, who engaged in general merchan- 
 dising. Geo. Boals built a hardware store in the summer of 1879, 
 carried on the business about six months, then sold out to Joseph 
 Kuchera, who still continues the trade. In October, 1878, John 
 Nemec started in blacksmithing, and still carries on the business. 
 In October, 1878, Dr. Frank Slospanskey started a drug store in 
 the building erected by John Kasl, in 1871, who still cariies on 
 the trade, and practices medicine at New Tabor and vicinity. A 
 dwelling house was erected by John Nemec, in 1879. In 1880, a 
 large business house was built by Anton Houdek and Joseph Bouska, 
 the building being now occupied by John Kasl as a general store and 
 post-office. Peter Pinter is at present building a large and fine 
 dwelling house. Washechek Bros, commenced trade in general 
 merchandise, October 10th, 1882, in the building formerly occupied 
 by John Saip, and are having a good trade. 
 
 Meetings are held regularly every Sunday by the Presbyterian 
 society, at the school-house. Services are conducted l)y John 
 Rundus. 
 
 Unimproved land in the vicinity of New Tabor is valued at from 
 $8 to $12 per acre. Good water is obtained at a depth of from 3r> 
 to 50 feet. A good hotel is kept by Wm. Oliver, with good stabling 
 attached. 
 
 Wesley Waltman was one of the early settlers of New Tabor, 
 settling on the NE -\ of section 14, in I)ecem])er, 1870. 
 
CHAPTER IX. 
 
 SCHOOLS, C'lU'RCHES, NEWSPAPERS, RAILROADS, ETC. 
 
 There are one hundred :ind tliree school disti-icts lying wholly 
 within the limits of the county, and four joint districts — No. 1, 
 Republic and Jewell : No. 1, Republic and Washington ; and Nos. 
 1 and 2, Republic and Cloud. All of these have school-houses, 
 except one — 104, recently formed, which will build during the 
 summer or fall. The school-houses are nearly all good and well 
 furnished. The school population is 4,1)54. The number enrolled 
 as attending the schools, for the year ending June 31st, 1882, is 
 5,410. The number of teachers required is 111. The average 
 salary paid, per month, is, to males, $30.85 ; to females, $25.(50. 
 Teachers' wages are advancing, and the average for this ^v.w will 
 exceed that of last year about 20 per cent. The number of graded 
 schools is three, — district No. tl at Scaudia, No. 14 at Belle\ille, and 
 No. 63 at Republic City. A meeting has been called for the purpose 
 of establishing a graded school in district No. 33, at New Tabor. 
 
 The district having the largest school population is No. 0, 201 
 pupils ; No. 63, 140 pupils ; No. 14, 134 pupils. The district 
 having the least number is No. '')S, with 13 pupils. 
 
 Normal institutes have been held every year at Belleville since 
 they were established by law, and the same are now self-supporting. 
 The average attendance of teachers at these institutes is 86. A 
 county teachers' association is regularly organized, and meetings 
 have been held monthly for the last year, with a good attendance of 
 the teachers of the county at every meeting, <ind an unusual interest 
 in the cause of eduearion is being manifested. 
 
 The present county superintendent is John M. Lawrence, under 
 whose efficient supervision and management the schools generally 
 throughout the county are lising rapidly to a higher standard. Mr. 
 Lawrence is now serving on his second term, and is the oidy person 
 who has been re-elected to the office of Superintendent in Hepu])lic 
 county. 
 
 In several of the schools, algebra, natural philosojdiy, book-keep- 
 ing, civil government, and physiology are taught. 
 
Uixtorii i>f /ii'/)u/>/a- ('iiiiii/i/. 77 
 
 The ptosent board of examiners arc .1. M. Tiawrenoo, cliairtnan. 15. 
 T. Biillen, and F. A. Sniitli. 
 
 CHURCHES. 
 
 Every shade of" reliiiious (jpinion and Itelielis r('})resented, from 
 Roman Catholics to Latter-Day Saints. As stated in another 
 chapter, the first gospel sei-nion pi'eached was by a representative of 
 the .\J. E. church, at a very early date in the liistoi-y of the county ; 
 and this denomination seems to have been the pioneers in religious 
 organization and work, and are, perha|)S, more widely diffused than 
 any other in this county. 
 
 The first to organize was the M. E. church in Grant township, 
 known as the Fairview church, during the latter part of the year 
 1870, and the meeting-iiouse was built in the summer of 1S72, being 
 the first house of worshi]) erected in the county. Rev. E. R. Brown 
 was the instigator of the enterprise, Thomas Gray being the architect 
 and builder. This house was erected under great disadvantages, as 
 nearly all the lumber was hauled from Wateiville. The ])resent 
 pastor of this church is Rev. W. H. Williams, of Seapo. 
 
 The next was the M. E. church at Belleville, organized by G. S, 
 Dearborn, presiding elder. May 27th, 1871, with Rev. Mr. Freem 
 pastor in charge, and R. P. West, local deacon : S. K. Waterson, 
 class leader ; Geo. A. Hovey, recording steward ; W. F. Compton 
 and James Anderson, stewards. At this time, it was ordered that 
 the preacher take u]» an ap[)ointment north of Belleville, to be called 
 Rose Creek appointment. This class was organized at R. }\ 
 Cheney's, in June, 1871, with R. P. Cheney as class leader, and is 
 now known as the Spring Ilill class. Rev. Freem stated there was 
 too much talent in this neck of the woods for him to preach tu, and 
 the presiding elder promptly relieved him, and supplied his place 
 with Rev. George E. Nicholson. The present membership on the 
 Belleville charge is about one hundred. Rev. R. A. Hoffman is the 
 present pastor, nud is also secretary of the Northwestern Conference, 
 an acti\eand untiring woiker in the cause. Class leaders — Belle- 
 ville, Geo. A. Hovey: Spiing Hill, D. M. Howard: Beauchamps, 
 Wm. E. Whitney: Grace Hill, S. H. Doty. 
 
 The M. E. church at Scandia was organized in April, 1882, and 
 was made a station in April, 188o. Present membership, oo. 
 
78 History of Republic County. 
 
 Preaching each Sabbath, morning and evening, by G. H, Woodward, 
 pastor. 
 
 Society of Friends, commonly knoAvn as Quakers, in Richland 
 township, organized in 1871. A meeting-house was built in 1877, 
 being the first place of worship erected in the township. Sarah 
 Saycox, Mary A. Roberts, and Elisha Janeway are the preachers. 
 Membership at monthly meeting, 250. 
 
 Roman Catholic church, in Richland township. Meeting-house 
 on NW \ of section 17, and built in 1879. A large congregation, 
 and meetings held regularly. Father Lowinig, spiritual adviser. 
 
 Church of Latter-Day Saints, or Re-organized Church of Jesus 
 Christ, first organized at Prairie Home, June 8th, 1880, with eight 
 members. The place of meeting has since been moved to Bennett 
 school-house, in Richland township, wliere meetings are held regularly 
 every two weeks, John D. Bennett, pastor. Membership, 22. 
 
 The Roman Catholic church in Freedom township was organized 
 in 1874. Meetings are held regularly every month at the house of 
 John Shemonski, with a membership of eighteen families. They are 
 building a fine church this season on the northeast corner of section 
 7, in said township. The church has a title to three acres of land 
 for a site for church and burying grounds. 
 
 The Baptist church in Norway township is called New Salem, 
 Elder Thomas, pastor. Services held regularly every two weeks. 
 
 The Swedish Evangelical Amana church, in Beaver township, was 
 organized in 1878. A meeting house, 34x95 feet, is now enclosed, 
 and, when finished, will be the finest church building in the county. 
 Meetings are held regularly every Sunday, and preaching once in 
 two weeks. N. Oshlund is the present pastor. Membership, 200. 
 
 The Belleville congregation of the German Baptists, or Dunkard 
 Brethren, was organized in the fall of 1880, at Wm. Gooch's 
 residence, in Belleville township, and church services have been held 
 regularly ever since, in six different places in the county, every two 
 and four weeks. The present membership is about 100. Lemuel 
 Ilillery, ordained elder. Wm. Lugenbeel, Ida ; Louis Jordan and 
 Daniel Smith, Cuba,; Wm. Austin, Scandia ; and Jeremiah Ilillery, 
 Belleville, are the ministers. Grounds have been selected for a 
 place of Avorship on the NE ^ of section 20, in Belleville township, 
 
Historjj of Republic Count;). 79 
 
 iDid a meeting-house will be erected the present season. This 
 denomination commenced religious work in Farmington township in 
 1871. 
 
 The Cumberland Pi-esbyterian church in Freedom was organized 
 in 1871, by A. Odell. Services are hchl reguhirly at the Odell 
 school-house. F. M. Madden is the present pastor. Membership 
 about 50. Also, the same church organized about the same year in 
 Courtland township, by Rev. Odell. Present pastor, Rev. Madden. 
 Membership, 45. 
 
 The Disciples, commonly called Campbellites, are ably represented 
 by Dr. J. C. Griffith, who commenced religious Avork here in 1870, 
 has preached most of the time since, and has established 
 congregations in several places in the county. 
 
 NEWSPAPERS. 
 
 The Belleville Telescope started September 30th, 1870, when 
 there were only two buildings on the town site. The paper has 
 always been Republican in politics, has labored earnestly an<l per- 
 sistently for the advancement of the material interests of Belleville, 
 Republic county, and northerri Kansas. 
 
 The Scandia Journal, published by A. B. Wilder, at Scaiidia, 
 Kansas, was established February, 1872. In politics, it is inde- 
 pendent Republican, is ably conducted, has a large circulation, and 
 has done much to promote the best interests of its locality ami the 
 county generally. 
 
 The Republic City News, a spicy and readable weekly recently 
 started at Republic City, has a large circulation, and is laboring 
 earnestly to advance the interests of both town and county, and, 
 from present indications, has a bright future before it. 
 
 RAILROADS. 
 
 There are two lines of railroad in the county. The Atchison, 
 Colorado & Pacific, runs north up the Republican valley 26.30 
 miles in the county, assessed for the year 1883 at fl52.lUl.32. 
 The stations along this line are Norway, Scandia, Republic and 
 Warwick, the latter being the present terminus. The Republican 
 Valley R. R. runs along our northern border, 12.71 miles of track 
 
f^O Histon/ of fle/mbUc (Joiuitij. 
 
 m the county, assessed at |8:^.l>77.:i4. No stations on this line in 
 the county. 
 
 The number of miles of track in each township is as follows: — 
 Atchison, Colorado & Pacific, — Big Bend, 7.00 miles: Union, 
 
 6.12: Scandia, l).!^: Norway, 0.21. Total, 26.86. 
 
 Rei)uhlican Valley H. J\., — Big Bend, 4.98 miles: Washington, 
 
 2.42 ; Kose Creek, 5.:51 . Total, 1 2.71. 
 
CHArTER X. 
 
 SECRET OEGANIZATIONS. 
 
 Belleville L()(l«^e No. 96, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted August 27tli, 
 1ST2, by (»eo. W. Sliriner, Deputy Grand Master. Tlie iollowiii^ 
 is a list of the charter members: W. IT. Pilkenton, W. II. Allen, 
 A. J. Smith, A. J. Hill and A. Blocklingcr. The present officers 
 arc : A. Dixon, N. G. ; T. M. Noble, V. G. ; V. Yantrnn.p, 
 recording secretary ; J. S. Beckwith, permanent secretary ; D. 
 demons, treasurer. Present membership, 40. Meet every Monday 
 night at their hall in Belleville. This is the oldest secret organiza- 
 tion in Republic county. 
 
 White Rock Lodge No. 126, I. 0. 0. F., Avas instituted June 
 2(ith, 187"), by Special Deputy Grand Master W. II. Pilkenton. 
 The following are the charter members : Andrew Lowe, W. K. 
 Miller, D. L. Badley, Samuel Akins, J. W. Johnson, John Hob- 
 son, A. B. Young, Joseph Smith and John Counzelman. The 
 present officers are : Geo. W. Beyrs, N. G. ; E. S. McKay, \. G. ; 
 H. K. Peckham, secretary ; C. L. Emery, treasurer. Meet every 
 Saturday night at their hall in White Rock. 
 
 Ida Lodge No. 147, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted May 17th, 1878, 
 by W. H. Pilkenton, Deputy Grand Master. Charter members : 
 J. S. Davenport, John Davenport, Henry Bartle, Robert Allen, F. 
 T. Powell and D. H. Johnson. The present officers are : A. 
 Steenblock, N. G. ; W. F. Bobenhouse, V. G. ; S. M. Edwards, 
 secretary ; James Matteson, treasurer. Membershi}>, 2<>. Meet 
 at their hall in Ida. 
 
 Scandia Lodge No. 165, I. 0. O. F., was instituted ]^laich I'ith, 
 1880, by W. II. Pilkenton, Grand Master of the State of Kansas, 
 who appointed the following assistants: Grand marshal, D. L. 
 Badley ; grand warden, 11. K. Peckham : grand secretary, E. A. 
 Hallowell ; grand guardian, W. A. Brock. The following is a list 
 of the charter members : M. Curran, W. A. Smith, J. L. 
 Dixon, A. B. Wilder, Daniel Young, Leroy Whitney, C. P. Carsten- 
 scn, M. Weislogel, R. Nicolas and T. M. Little. At the first meet- 
 
§2 Hkiorij of Republic (Jounfi). 
 
 ing, M. Curran was elected N. G. ; L. Whitney, V. G. ; W. A. 
 Smith, recording secretary ; C. P. Carstensen, treasurer. At this 
 meeting, ihe folloAving persons were duly initiated as members : P. 
 Curran, D. F. Longnocker, W. F. Allen and James Weyand. This 
 lodge was incorporated under the laws of the State of Kansas, Feb- 
 ruary 22d, 1883, and is now in a prosperous condition, with a mem- 
 bership of 40. ( )nly one funeral benefit has been paid by the lodge 
 since its organization, — that of the wife of Bro. Richard Nicolas. 
 The meetings are held regularly in a large and finely furnished 
 lodge-room every Tuesday evening. The attendance is good, and a 
 general interest in the good work is manifested by all the members. 
 The present officers are : M. Weislogel, N. G. ; James Weyand, V. 
 G. ; L. R. White, recording secretary ; W. H. Stinson, permanent 
 secretary; Wm. Taylor, treasurer; Wm. G. King, warden; J. 
 Leary, Con. ; J. T. Spillman, R. S. N. G. ; N. Marty, L. S. N. 
 G. ; Wm. F. Allen, R. S. V. G. ; J. K. Glasgow, L. S. V. G. ; 
 Paul HoniflF, R. S. S. ; J. R. Sandell, L. S. S. ; Simon Kolb, I. G. ; 
 George Nicholas, 0. G. ; J. F. Sothers, chaplain. 
 
 Republic City Lodge No. 204, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted June 
 22d, 1882, by A. H. Dow, Grand Master State of Kansas. The 
 following is a list of charter members: T. M. Little, D. S. 
 Zenckcv, A. T. Miller, F. W. Craft, T. C. Clark, W. E. Finley, I. 
 W. Williams, M. C. Policy, Wm. Taylor, T. F. Marlatt and Chas. 
 Soraers. The present officers are : F. W. Craft, N. G ; I. W. 
 Williams, V. G. ; J. Beck, seci-etary. Present membership, 33. 
 Meet every Saturday night at their hall in Republic City. 
 
 Republic Encampment Lodge No. 30, I. 0. 0. F., was instituted 
 January 25t.h, 1876, by Special Deputy Grand Patriarch S. H. 
 Kelsey, assisted by Chas. H. Krebs and H. S. Wooden. The fol- 
 lowing is a list of charter members : W. H. Pilkonton, V. Van- 
 trump, I. 0. Savage, Josiah Kindt, Wm. Hughes, E. A. nallowcll, 
 W. C. Sl.ull, A. J. Hill, Jas. H. Bradd, F. M. Cox, Geo. E. Ross 
 and Chamicey Perry. The present officers are: I. 0. Savage, 
 chief patriarch ; D. Clemons, senior warden; W. H. Pilkenton, 
 junior wai'dcn; J. Kasl, high priest; D. Clemons, treasurer; V. 
 Vantnniip, scribe; A. J. Tlill, 0. W. ; W. A. Smith, L W. Meet 
 first and third Satui'days of each month at Odd Fellows' Hall, 
 Belleville. 
 
History of R<']mhh'r ( 'uuntii. jS;J 
 
 Belleville Lodge, No. 12!», A. F. & A. M., was duly chartered 
 by the (irand Lodge of the State of Kansas, A. F. k A. M., on the 
 17th day of October, A. D. LS72, and duly instituted by Special 
 Deputy Grand Master W. P. Mudgett, of Waterville, Kansas, on 
 the 22d day of November, A. I). 1872. Its charter members Avere 
 C. L Mclntyre, Joseph Boothe, Taylor Wilson, R. VY. VanDyke, 
 R. C. Carr, S. A. McKay, John Hadsell, Austin Phelps, Wm. H. 
 Harmond, James Mackey, Benjamin Abbott, A. A. Burk, J. J. 
 Schofield and John F. Wells. And its first officers were, C. I. Mc- 
 lntyre, W. M. ; Joseph Boothe, S. W.; A. T. Wilson, J. W\ ; R. 
 W. VanDyke, treasurer; R. C. (Jarr, secretary; S. A. McKay, 
 S. D. ; John Hadsell, J. D. ; A. L. Phelps, S. S. ; Wm. IL Har- 
 mond, J. S. ; J. Mackey, tyler. The present officers are, N. T. 
 VanNatta, W. M. ; Wm. Alexander, S. W. ; J. J. Schofield, J. W.; 
 M. E. Hall, treasurer ; 0. Perry, secretary ; John Nealeigli, S. D. ; 
 John Rich, J. D. ; E. A. Hallowell, S. S. ; A. Steenblock, J. S. : 
 A. R. Park, tyler. The present membership numbers 47. Lodge 
 meets at their hall in the city of Belleville on the 2d and 4th Sat- 
 urday evenings of each month. 
 
 Lebanon Lodge, A. F. A. M., was organized under dispensation. 
 August 21st, 1882, by E. D. Hylier, Past M. W. M. of the State of 
 Kansas. Dispensation granted to S. W. Gunter, W. M. ; C. S. 
 Morey, S. W. ; R. W. Swan, J. W. Charter granted Feb. 22d, 
 1883 ; organized under charter as Lebanon Lodge No. 221, March 
 21st, 1883, by Benj. Lake, Special Deputy G. M., assisted by A. A. 
 Carnahan, John S. Elliott, and A. E. Carlisle. Present officers : S. 
 W. Gunter, W. M. ; C. S. Morey, S. W. ; R. W. Swan, J. W. ; 
 R. Morey, treasurer ; IL B. Speldia, secretary ; M. Curran, S. D. ; 
 W. A. Smith, J. D. ; M. J. Stanley, S. S. ; J. II. Nikirk, J. S. ; 
 
 A. Schap])ach, T. Present membership, 15 master masons. 
 Meetings held regularly on the 1st and 3d Mondays of each 
 month, in a large and well furnished hall. 
 
 Orion Lodge No. 50, Knights of Pythias, was organized March 
 13th, 1882, by Max J. Alwyns, grand deputy. Charter members 
 were C. F. Woodward, C. P. Carstensen, John Ham])erger, C. S. 
 Morey, M. Weislogel, W. A. Smith, John H. Cullers, Jas. Weyand, 
 
 B. W. Lathrop, A. Keeler, A. L. Whitney, R. W. Swan, H. B 
 Speldia, Frank Newton, J. S. Thompson, Ed. Christian, N. Marty, 
 
84 History of RepMic County. 
 
 E. M. Puidy, L. C. Weyand, C. II. Buck, M. W. Ward. The 
 oflScers chosen at the organization are as follows : John 1 laniberger, 
 P. C. ; C. F. Woodward, C. C. ; E. M. Purdy, V. C. ; C. II. 
 Buck, P. ; C. S. Morey, M. of V. ; J. S. Thompson, M. of F. ; 
 W. A. Smith, K. R. S. ; Herman Speldia, M. at A. ; Frank Kew- 
 ton, I. G. ; A. L. Whitney, 0. G. Present membership, 20. 
 Meet every Friday evening, at Odd Fellows' Hall, in Scandia. 
 
 Belleville Lodge No. 55, A. 0. U. W., was instituted August 
 12th, 1880, by Wm. R. Sheen, Deputy Grand Master Workman, 
 and the following officers were elected . C. Perry, past master 
 workman ; Joseph Boothe, master workman ; W. II. W^oodward, 
 foreman ; E. A . Hallowell, overseer ; L. R. White, recorder ; J. 
 P. Heaton, financier ; E. M. Crummer, receiver ; J. Vantrump, 
 guide ; Lafe Ball, inside watchman ; J. Walker, outside watchman. 
 Trustees : A. E. Tnylor, J. C. Humphery, and Daniel Miller. 
 Medical examiner, Dr. L. R. White. Officers at present date : 0. 
 Perry, Joseph Boothe, V. Vantrump, J. S. Beckwith, W. W. Wait, 
 past master workmen ; S. G. Stover, master workman ; E. M. 
 Crummer, foreman ; D. Miller, overseer ; J. H. Bradford, recorder ; 
 M. E. Hall, financier ; C.Perry, receiver; J. Walker, guide; J. E. 
 McCullough, inside watchman ; V. Vantrump, outside watchman ; 
 Eli Ilaskett, E. M. Crummer and J. S. Beckwith, trustees ; C. M. 
 Arbuthnot, medical examiner. Present membership, 22. Lodge 
 meets in Masonic Hall, the 2d and 4th Thursday evenings of each 
 niontli. 
 
CIIAPTKH XL. 
 
 8()M)IKKS' REl'NION, UU(iAN l/ATJON, ETC. 
 
 A public meeting was liekl in Belleville, November !il)tli, ISIS, 
 for the pui'pose of making arrangements for holdinga. reunion of the 
 ex-soldiers uf the county, at which time a committee of arrangements 
 was appointed, with instructions to report ])rogranmie, time and 
 place of holding the meeting, etc. 
 
 The committee reported on the 7th of December, naming Decem- 
 ber 13th as the time and Belleville as the place for holding the 
 same, which report was accepted and adopte<l. 
 
 Friday, the 13th, the day set for the reunion, turned out to be 
 the stormiest of the season thus far, the wind being one of those 
 peculiar Kansas zephyrs which, farther east, would Ije called a high 
 wind, blowing at its best gait all day, and the snow flying so as to 
 render travel well-nigh impossible. Notwithstanding all this, some 
 200 of the " boys," fired by the patriotism still so fresh in their 
 bosoms, managed to be present, besides quite a number of citizens, 
 including many ladies, who so kindly furnished the most bountiful 
 supply of luscious rations, of which there was a large quantity left 
 over. The day was passed in exercises, in drill, speaking, story- 
 telling, and drinking genuine soldiers' coffee, etc., all within doors, 
 the weather being too inclement for out-door exercises. 
 
 The welcome address was delivered by Mayor Woodward, who 
 was followed by Mr. Ed Knowles, H. G. Dow, and others. Hon. 
 E. J.. Jenkins, of Concordia, who had been expected to speak, 
 expressed his inability to Ite present, in the following sympathetic 
 and patriotic letter: 
 
 Concordia, December 11th, 1878. 
 W. If. Woodward, Mai/or, BeUeviUe, Kans. : 
 
 Dear Sir: — Yours of the 7th has just been received. The 
 time between this and the day of your reunion is so short that it will 
 be impossible for me to arrange to be present. Nothing would afford 
 me more pleasure than to be present at a reunion of the soldiers who 
 defended the Republic. During my official career in the Republican 
 Land District, I have met many gallant fellows among the homestead 
 settlers, wlio, having done gallant and no])le service in the defense 
 
Sd Hisiorji of lii'puhllc Coinifi/. 
 
 of their country, in time of peace exhibit the l)est evidence of good 
 citizens by improving and developing the prairies of the West, thus 
 aiding the nation by advancing civilization Avestward, into the 
 iiitherto wild waste of wilderness. 
 
 Many of them carry as many scars as were upon the person of 
 Coriolanus of old, and I have frequently thought that our govern- 
 ment, in the disposition of tlie public lands, has not done as much 
 for the honorably discharged soldiers as they deserve for their 
 services. I believe wevj honorably discharged soldier, ■who fought 
 in the defensp of the Union, should have a ([uai'ter section of land, 
 free of charge, to be seh'Cted from the public lands belonging to the 
 government. If the odd-numbered sections, within the limits of 
 grants to railroad companies, that have been granted to such 
 companies since the close of the war, and during that struggle, had 
 been reserved for and given to the honorably discharged soldiers, 
 their widows and orphans, the government Avould have done n noble 
 work as a- partial compensation to the men whose patriotism and 
 valor saved the government and the nation as a unit, with its 
 escutcheon untarnished. 
 
 A feeling of sadness comes o'er my mind as I contemplate the 
 remembrance of the departed who fell in battle, while there is 
 one thought that is consolinu-, — that thev are not forgotten bv the 
 true patriots living, while the mystic chord of memory stretches from 
 every battle field and soldier's grave to every hamlec and dwelling 
 place throughout the land. Very Respectfully, 
 
 E. J. Jenkins. 
 
 No steps were taken at this time to eftect a permanent orgjin- 
 ization, but on the 9th day of August, 1879, in pursuance of previous 
 notice, a meeting was held for that purpose, at tlie court-house in 
 Belleville, and a permanent organization ellected by the election of 
 the following officers for the ensuing year : President, J. G. 
 McOathron ; vice-president, S. A. McKay ; secretary, P. F. Qrant ; 
 treasurer, II. G. Wallin. 
 
 A committee of arrangements was then appointed, viz., J. II. 
 Crane, G. Lembke, S. A. McKay, E. C. Baker, Capt. W. \V. Wait, 
 and H. C. Swartz. At this meeting, it was decided to hold the 
 annual reunion on the public square in Belleville, on September 
 18th. The following ])ersons were aimonnced as speakers : E. J. 
 Jenkins, Concordia ; Hon. I. 0. Savage, Freedom township ; Dr. 
 W. II. Woodward, Belleville; L. C. Hanson, Scandia, 
 
 The second annual reunion was held at Belleville, September 18th, 
 1879, and proved to be a perfect success, ji more eiijoyable aftiiir 
 
Ilistori/ nf I\<i>uhllc Coimtji. H7 
 
 liaviii;^ never before taken place in Republic county. Knun 7 a.m. 
 until nearly noon, crowds flocked in from all parts ol" the county, 
 u)itil the number reached the nei<fhborhoo(l of 2,000. There were 
 ab(nit 500 soldiers present, who were formed into companies, and, 
 under the command of Col. D. C. Ciamble and their respective 
 captains, they were drilled and marched, marched and drilled, until 
 some of the boys cried, ^ Give us a rest." 
 
 After dinner, the assembly repaired to the grove on the public 
 square, which had been neatly seated, and where a sta)ul had been 
 erected for the speakers, so as to listen to eloquent and patriotic 
 addresses by jNIayor AVoodward and others, all of whom were 
 attentively listened to and loudly applauded. 1'he music and 
 singing, by the choir, was excellent ; also, the maitial music by the 
 White Rock and Cuba martial bands did much to enliven the 
 occasion. Great credit is due Messrs. J. E. Ilallowell, J. H. Crane, 
 S. A. McKay, and others of the committee of arrangements, for the 
 zealous and earnest manner in which they worked to make the 
 second soldiers' reunion a grand success. 
 
 It was decided to hold the third annuill reunion at Belleville on 
 the first Thursday and Friday of September, 1880. The third 
 annual reunion was held on Tuesday and Wednesday, v^eptcmber 
 14th and ir)th, 1880. Gov. St. John and Senator Plumb were 
 advertised to address the meeting, but, failing to attend, their places 
 were filled by Colonel Gamble, Dr. W. H. W^oodward, Hon. R. V. 
 West, and others. There were fully 400 soldiers in attendance, and 
 the best of feeling prevailed. The weather was fine, the attendance 
 of citizens large, and everything passed off in a most harmonious and 
 satisfactory manner. 
 
 The fourth annual reunion was held at Relleville, September 0th 
 and 10th, 1881. The crowd the second day exeeede«l by far that 
 of any former gathering in Republic county, and the progi-ammc was 
 carried out to the letter. Not less than 8,000 people were in 
 attendance. 
 
 The fifth annual reunion took place at Belleville, September 1st, 
 1882, and was well attended by the old soldier boys, as well as by 
 citizens generally throughout the county. Dr. Griffith made the 
 address of welcome to the boys, Thursday forenoon, which was able, 
 interesting, ami well delivered. The oration delivered by Colonel 
 
^H lli^iiot'ij of ncjnihlic Couiifi/. 
 
 M. M. Millor Avas a masterly effort, and was listericd to Avith th§ 
 ixreate.st interest and attention by all present. " Captain Dixon Avas 
 officer of the day, and acquitted himself nobly in the discharge of 
 his duties. The occasion Avas one long to be remembered by all 
 present. 
 
 GRAND ARMY OF THE REPUBLIC. 
 
 John BroAvn Post No. 44, Department of Kansas, G. A. R., Avas 
 organized at Belleville, Kansas, March 25th, 1882, by Department 
 Commander J. C. WalkinshaAv, Avith eighteen charter members, — 
 W. W. Wait, G. A. Hovey, John M. LaA\Tence, Adam Dixon, G. 
 A. Terpening, J. M. Ryan, J. E. llalloAvell, A. 0. Kindy. J. IT. 
 Crane, B. R. Hogin, S. G. Stover, D. C. BoAversox, J. R. BoAver- 
 sox, J. H. Bradford, William Hughes, Mark Cuthbertson, H. C. 
 Bradley and D. demons. The present officers are : B. R, Hogin, 
 commander: A. Shaw, S. V. C. ; J. M. Ryan, J. V. C. ; R. A. 
 Hoffman, adjutant; 0. Abbey, surgeon; D. C. Bowersox, Q. M. ; 
 J. M. Lawrence, chaplain ; G. A. Hovey, 0. D. ; J. H. Crane, 0. 
 G. ; J. H. Bradford, sergeant ma;jor; E. H. Couchman, Q. M. 
 sergeant. Meet first and third Saturday of each month at Powell's 
 Hall, in Belleville. Present membership, 99. 
 
 Wallace Post No. 1.37, G. A. R., Avas instituted at Scandia, Kan- 
 sas. November 9th, 1882. The following is a list of the charter 
 members: William W. Smith, Joseph T. Cooper, Charles G. 
 Bulkley ; Cliauncey M. Messenger, Edwin B. Oliver, Simeon Albro, 
 George A. Lembke, William R. GoodAvin, William K. VanHorn, 
 Erac Nelson, Sam A. McKay, King A. Travcnor, Christian Ander- 
 son, James L. Boothe, Henry G. Cooper, Jasper L. Loofborrow, 
 EdAvin A. Stone, James M. McAfee, Pinkney D. Gardner, John W. 
 Blubecker, Charles W. Gulick, J. H. Nikirk and Albert T. Sims. 
 The present membership is 28. The officers arc: Charles AV. 
 Gulick. commatider ; Pinkney D. Gardner, senior vice; Christian 
 Aiiderson, junior vice; J. N. T^oofbourroAv, Q. ^NI. : Charles (i. 
 r>ulkley, adjutant; W. W. Smith, officer of the day ; K. A. Traner. 
 surgeon ; C. M. Messenger, chaplain. Meet on second and fourth 
 Saturdays of each month. 
 
 Harbine Post No. 212, (i. A. R., Department of Kansas, Avas 
 organized May l/)th, 1888, at Harbine, Kansas, by B. R. Hogin, 
 
 Connnander of John BroAvn l^ost and Special Deputy Department 
 
llishni/ of l\(l>l(hlic ('nKllljl. SI) 
 
 CoiuniJindcr. The following is a- list of charter meiiilici-.s : Williaiii 
 J. Elliott, Abram IJraiit, William IIoMerness, William T. StcAvart, 
 Ezokiol Carpenter, I. 1). Hayes, Thomas F. Marlett, Henry S. 
 Stone, Arah C. Kimball, Alonzo Powers, Peter Welch, Oscar Van 
 Valkenburg, Edward T. Riley, A\illiam Branen, Henry Swartz, 
 Isaac B. Gaylord, James W. Smith and Charles K. James. The 
 present officers are : I. B. Graylord, commander ; J. W. Smith, S. 
 V. C. ; H. C. Swartz, J. V. C. ; A. C. Kimball, surgeon; C K. 
 James, chaplain ; William H. Holderness, Q. M. ; 'J\ F. Marlett, 
 officer of the day ; W. T. Stewart, officer of the guard ; E. T. Biley, 
 adjutant: Oscar Van Valkenburg, Q. M. sergeant: E. Carpenter, 
 sergeant major. 
 
 White Rock Valley J'ost No. 211 was organized May Kith, 188:5, 
 by B. R. Hogin, Special Deputy Department Commander. The 
 charter members are 12, — viz., William Scott, Thomas Lovewell, 
 George McSchindle, John Maudlin, Willard Woodruff, John Per- 
 singer, Elias D. Baker, Thomas E. Ballard, Frank M. Pool. Calvin 
 Shoup and Robert Wills. The officers are : E. D. Baker, com- 
 mander ; Thomas Lovewell, S. V. C. ; John Persenger, J. \ . ( '. : 
 Thomas Ballard, surgeon : William Scott, chaplain : George Mc- 
 Shindle, Q. M. ; Calvin Shoup, officer of the day : John Maudlin, 
 officer of the guard : Frank 31. Pool, adjutant : Rol)ert ^Vills, ser- 
 geant major; W. Woodruff, Q. M. sergeant. Meet at Odd Fellow's 
 llall in White Rock. 
 
 Pleasant Dale Grange No. 1,05!*, Patrons of Ilusbandrv, was 
 organized February 10th, 1874, with 35 charter members, and have 
 held meetings regularly ever since. The present men djership is 12(i. 
 Meet the first and third Saturdays of each month at Towell's Hall, 
 in Belleville. The present officers are: Wm. H. Boyes, W. M. ; 
 AYilliam H. Thompson, overseer; I. 0. Savage, secretary: Ezra 
 Powell, treasurer; J. J. Wilkes, lecturer: D. VanAken. steward: 
 11. P. Cheney, chaplain. 
 
 Emei-ald Grange No. l,2Ho, Patrons of Husbandry, meets at Cuba 
 on the second and fourth Saturdays of each month. The present 
 membership is 45. The officers are : H. 0. Studley, master: S. 
 A. Ingham, overseer: H. H. Hoffman, lecturer: A. Briscoe, sec- 
 retary ; J. G. Arbuthnot, treasurer. 
 
 Adams Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. J. A. Jacobs, W. M. : 
 J. J. Burkman, secretary. Meet ever-y two weeks at Seajxt. 
 
 Star Grange, Patrons of Husbandry. J. B. Rickard. W. M. : 
 A. Steenblock, secretary. Meet at Odd Fellows' Hall, Ida, every 
 two weeks. 
 
CONCLUSION. 
 
 Republic county is situated within the limits of what was called, 
 by the geographers of thirty years ago, the Great American Desert, 
 and, as late as 1856, a New York Tribune correspondent, in 
 describing the desert which was supposed to include all that part ot 
 Kansas lying Avest of a line drawn from north to south, across the 
 State, one hundred miles west of the Missouri river, says " that the 
 country west of this line is wholly unfit for cultivation, and must 
 forever remain so." And, as late as 1870, Avhen the Avriter came 
 to Kansas, he was told by a gentleman living in one of the river 
 counties, Avho seemed intelligent and well informed, that white people 
 could not live in Kansas west of the 6th principal meridian, and, 
 down to that time, the settlement of the country was regarded as 
 experimental, and even the early settlers of this county doubted 
 whether the high prairie land Avould ever be brought under success- 
 ful cultivation. But, thanks to the hardy pioneers Avho first 
 attempted the solution of this problem, who braved dangers, seen 
 and unseen, it is now an accomplished fact, and what a debt of 
 gratitude we, who came later, owe to them. Peace hath her victories 
 no less renowned than those of war, and these men waged a war 
 Avith the elements, Avith contending circumstances of poverty and 
 privation, such as Avill ever entitle them to the highest meed of 
 praise. 
 
 The}' were, in the strongest sense of the term, pioneers. They 
 reached out and beyond the pale of civilized life, and here, casting 
 their lot, bravely set themselves to Avork out the problem of their 
 lives. Weaker men came and went, leaving behind them a story of 
 disaster and failure, of life wasted, but these men had a mission to 
 perform, and winter's storm nor summer's heat, with drouth and 
 blasting Avinds, served not to drive them from the accomplishment of 
 their purjiosc. Nor was this all, for in addition to all the attacking 
 forces which nature marshaled to compass their defeat, the 
 murderous Indians lurked, with stealthy tread, around their humble 
 homes, ready to take advantage of unguarded moments, and strike 
 all they loved and cherished to death. IIoav Aveak, indeed, is tongue 
 
JTiMon/ of lii'puhlic ( 'mintij. 91 
 
 or pen in presence of such heroic devotion to duty. We may 
 imagine 1)ut never can portray the sacrifices sustained, the fiery 
 furnace of trial tlirough which these hardy pioneers passed, and out 
 of wliich they came sublimely forth. Their faith brought forth rich 
 fruit, and you and I now reap the gohlen harvest, the j)roduct of 
 their toil and trouble. While many men faltered, they grew strong 
 and stronger still, until they had Avrought out, to a full completion, 
 this fruition of their hopes. 
 
 Republic county is no longer part of the Great American Desert, 
 but to-day is blooming like the rose, the home of fifteen thousand 
 prosperous, contented, and happy people, whose happy lot Avas made 
 possible by the valorous faith of these men and women, who, braving 
 all dangers, enduring all hardships, won a victory, complete and 
 glorious. All honor to those who are living still ; and may the 
 blessings of a grateful people rest u|)on the hallowed graves of those 
 \yho, having groAvn tired of life, now rest from their labors. 
 
PATRIOTIC RECORD. 
 
 The following is a list of the ex-soldiers now residents of the 
 county, compiled from the enumeration made by the township 
 assessors in jjursuance of an act of the Legislature, approved March 
 1st, 1883. We do not claim that it is complete and perfect, but it 
 is as nearly accurate as it was possible to make it from the means at 
 our connnand. 
 
 The order of arrangement is as follows : First, name ; second, 
 rank ; third, company letter ; fourth, number of regiment ; fifth, 
 post-office address, — all post-offices, unless otherwise noted, being in 
 Kansas. 
 
 ALBION TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Andrews, William private, K, 6 Minnesota vol. inf. HnhheU, A'ehrnska 
 
 Andrews, William private, K, 23 Minnesota vet. res. corps. Hubbell, Nehrasku 
 
 Berry, Edwin private, B, 26 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Burditt, John private, K, 6 Iowa volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Bacon, Hilas H. private, I, 91 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nfhraako 
 Barton, Kichard private, F, 122 Illinois volunteer infantry (deceased). 
 
 Bott, Henry private, C, 28 Iowa volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Berry, J. N. private, F, 92 Illinois mounted infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Byrd, Isaac private, 20 Indiana battery. Ida 
 
 Campbell, Jas. .1. private, A, 7 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 I'udney, Chas. private, K, 131 Indiana volunteer infantry. Hubbell, N^ebra.'tka 
 
 Durtiinger, Jas. R. corporal, D, 51 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, iVeftras/i-a 
 
 1 )anton, .John private, F, 54 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 Davis. Milton private. A, 18 Missouri volunteer infantry {deceaacd). 
 
 Edwards, Thos. H. corporal, K, 122 Illinois volunteer inf. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Fowler, H. Z. private, E, 8 Iowa volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 (ileason, William H. private, L, 11 Illinois volunteer cavalry. Ida 
 
 Henderson, James private, F, 36 Iowa volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Hanson, C.N. private, D, 23 Ohio volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Hoover, C. W. private, I, 140 Illinois volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Ladd, Ira private, F, 57 Ohio national guards. Ida 
 
 Ladd, Ira private, F, 171 Ohio volunteer infantry, Ida 
 
 Light, George private, F, 97 Indiana volunteer infantry. Ida 
 Melvin, Brammel A. private. A, 41 Ohio volunteer infantry (dereased). 
 
 Monett, W. H. private, I, 3 Illinois volunteer cavalry. Ida 
 
 McDougal, .lames private, F, 140 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hubbell, Nebraska 
 McUougal James private, A, 83 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 McHongal, .James private, E, (il Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 
Hiaiory of Rt'puhJlc Coioiff/. 
 
 \)-P> 
 
 JMcFarlaiul, Cyrus sergeant, A, 117 llliuois voliiutcir iiiC. 
 McCall, Alleauder lieuteuaiit, Iowa militia. 
 Patrick, Geo. W. private, A, 1 New York engineer. 
 Kamsey, R. S. private, H, di) Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Short, S. D. private, G, 8 llliuois volunteer iulantry. 
 Sellers, James S. private, E, 14 Iowa volunteer inlautry. 
 Halsbury, D. E. private, I, 38 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Starks, Homer private, D, 26 Illinois vet. volunteer infantry. 
 Summers, Elijah ,1. private, U, 77 Indiana vol. infantry. 
 Sholl, Jacob private, B, 151 Indiana volunteer iulantry. 
 Schwendeuner, Christian private, D, 12 Wisconsin volunteer 
 \S^ood, 1). F. 2d sergeant, A, 16 JMichigan engineer. 
 Yates, W, W. private, A. 1 Illinois volunteer artillery. 
 
 Hul)i)cll, 
 
 Ilubbell, 
 
 Hubbell, 
 Hubbell, 
 Hubbell, 
 Hubbell, 
 infantry. 
 Hu])bell, 
 Hiibltell, 
 
 Acbra.'ika 
 
 Ida 
 
 Ida 
 
 1 laddam 
 
 Nfliniska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Nt'br aska 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 Nebraska 
 
 « Ida 
 
 Ntbrimka 
 
 Aebruuku 
 
 BEAVER TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Anderson, Gust sergeant, I), 37 Illinois volunteer infantry. Jamestown 
 
 Clarke, Wm. private, H, 19 Iowa volunteer infantry. Jamestown 
 
 Hall, Lewis seaman, navy, Wisconsixi marine. Scaudia 
 
 Houghton, Joab private, C, 40 Iowa volunteer infantry. Jamestown 
 
 Hanson, Ole private, G, 15 Illinois volunteer cavalry. Jamestown 
 
 Haggaman, S. A. seaman, navy, marine. .Jamestown 
 
 Shackelford, W. N. private, B, 35 Missouri volunteer iulantry. Scaudia 
 
 Spivey, B. private, B, 6 United States regulars. Jamestown 
 
 Smith, Joseph (captain, E, 30 Iowa volunteer infantry. Prospect 
 
 BELLEVILLE CITY. 
 Berry, David private, C, 2 United States vol. infantry, Mexican war. Belleville 
 
 Berry, David private, I, 1 Colorado volunteer infantry. IJelleville 
 
 Blanchard, Chas. private, G, 31 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Bramer, Thomas private, H, 27 Michigan volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Bradford, .1. H. private. A, 30 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Crane, John H. private, A, 9 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Clemmons, Daniel private, H, 2 Nebniska volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Everts, S. L. sergeant, F, 8 Michigan volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Hallowell, John E. musician, I, 39 Illinois volunteer infantry. Bellevill^; 
 
 Ilogin, B. K. 1st sergeant, K, 9 Iowa volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Hoffman, R. A. private, F, 36 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Higsjasou, F. M. private, C, 83 volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 Hughes, William private, H, 89 111. vol. inf., Andersonville prisoner (deceased). 
 
 Kindy, Abram private, K, 12 Michigan volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Kindy, A. O. private, E, 66 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Munger, F. N. private, E, 11 Missouri volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Munger, Geo. H. private, B, 43 Missouri volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Keily, W. H. H. .sergeant, D, 42 llliuois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Ryan, .John M. private, E, 9 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Stover, S.G. private. A, 92 Illinois mounted infantry. Belleville 
 
 Perry, Chauucey private, E, 3 Michigan volunteef cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Pilkenton,,!. W. private, i'>, 9 Indiana volunteer cavalry. Helleville 
 
94 
 
 History of RcpuhUc County. 
 
 BELLEVILl.E TOWNSHIP. 
 Bowersox, D. C. private, B, 152 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Bullen, Leo private, F, 68 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Buraudt, E. private, B, 2 Now^ Hampshire volunteer infantry. 
 Bushby, Ed corporal, C, 50 Wisconsin volunteer iulantry. 
 Blankeuship, B. F. captain, H, 47 Kentucky volunteer infiintry. 
 Bradley, H. C. private, K, 30 lovya volunteer cavalry. 
 Boothe, Joseph private, H, 144 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Carpenter, G. B. private, E, 46 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Gardiner, O. A. A. private. A, 11 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Green, ^. W. piivate, C, 1 Tennessee mounted infantry. 
 Goodwin, W. H. private, F, 4 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Harlam, Joshua 
 
 Hall, W. R. private, A, 3 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Hillery, L. private, G, 75 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Harkness, J. L. private, K, 32 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Kindt, Josiah private. A, 2 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Mackey, Ezra private, F, 122 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 I'helps, H. private, B, 114 New York volunteer infantry. 
 Price, S. B. private, B^ 30 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Reiley, Jackson private, D, 4 Iowa volunteer cavalry. 
 Rider, S. T. private, D, 1 15 New York volunteer infantry. 
 Wells, J. F. corporal, C, 152 Indiana volunteer infantry. 
 Grant, T. 
 
 Charles, J. T. private, K, 13 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Clark, S. W. private, 12 Indiana volunteer infantry. 
 Caves, Samuel private, D, 31 Missouri volunteer infantry. 
 Canix^bell, C. A. private, A, 99 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Campbell, J. M. sergeant. A, 99 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Day, Nathan A. private, G, 215 Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. 
 Davis, J. L. private, I, 8 Kentucky volunteer infantry. 
 Ferris, Samuel private, C, 1 Missouri militia. 
 Forney, Henry private. A, 129 Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. 
 Gellespie, J. corporal, I, 1 Missouri volunteer infantry. 
 Highly, T. J. private, C, 45 Missouri regulars. 
 Hosner, Russell private, R, 1S7 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Howard, Nelson private, Ij, 11 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Isaacs, James private, I, 10 Kentucky volunteer iufantry. 
 Kellogg, S. J. private, B, 43 Missouri volunteer infantry. 
 League, David private, A, 4 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Lawrence, D. sergeant. A, 33 New York volunteer infantry. 
 Morlan, Daniel private, C, 17 Kansas. 
 
 Monroe, J, G. A. private, D, 4 Missouri volunteer infantry. 
 McClanahau, W. F. private, B, 15 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 McLaughlin, J. private, H. 12 Kansas volunteer infantry. 
 I'rice, S. B. private. 81 Illinois volunteer infantry, 
 lioszell, A. private, C, 40 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 
 Scandia 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 
 Scandia 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 Belleville 
 
 SeaiK) 
 Minersville 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Seapo 
 Concordia 
 Seapo 
 
Ilisfon/ of Riinihlic (Jdinilii. 
 
 On 
 
 Smock, W. L. private, E, 59 ludiiuui volunteer iiiniiihy. Seapo 
 
 Smith, S. private, E, 96 Ohio volniiteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Seward, E. A. private, K, 47 Illinois volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Stenjier, Joseph private, L, 1 Iowa volunteer ciivahy. Seapo 
 
 Statjy, C. private, D, TA Missouri. Seapo 
 
 Tate, J. J. private, B, 10 Iowa volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Way, P. P. private, E, 89 Indiana volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Way, A. W. private, K, 156 Ohio volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Gamhle, D. C. lieutenant colonel, 66 IHiuois volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 BIG BEND TOWNSHIl'. 
 
 Beck, Jacob private, D, 13 Kansas volunteer infantry. Kepubiic 
 
 Blair, Cyrus private, H, 6 Iowa volunteer cavalry. 1 tardy, Nebraska 
 
 Cure, George sergeant, D, 4 Iowa volunteer cavalry. Hardy, Nchraaka 
 
 Cure, A. C. private, H, 95 Iowa volunleer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Calvert, P. private, C, 30 Ohio volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nchraxka 
 
 Capers, A. sergeant, H, 4 Wisconsin volunteer cavalry. Republic 
 
 Churchill, J. S. private, G, 142 Ohio vol. infantry & Niit. Guards. Republic 
 
 Davis, D. N. private, I, 11 Illinois volunteer infantry. Repulilic 
 
 Delezene, Benj. private, C, 12 Iowa volunteer infiintry. Repul)lic 
 
 Haniell, John corporal, H, 25 Iowa volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Heifer, Jesse corporal, C, 37 Iowa volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 James, C. K. sergeant, K,ll Indiana volunteer cavalry. liAr(]y, Nebraska 
 
 Letsinger, C. F. sergeant, D, 11 Ohio volunteer cavalry. Republic 
 
 Lunt, A. M. private, H, 67 Illinois volunteer infantry. White Rock 
 
 Lowe, T. A. private, G, 46 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Manly, William private, K, 12 Iowa volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Muth, D. M. private, B, 79 Indiana volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 McCuen, Thos. corporal, H, 113 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 McGuire, — private, K, 16 Iowa volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Pepler, Jonathan private, H, 25 Iowa volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Smith, J. W. corporal, E. 9 Iowa volunteer cavalry. Republic 
 
 Stanley, M. M. sergeant, E, 75 Ohio volunteer infantry. Rc])ublic 
 
 Stanfield, R. T. private, K, 120 Indiana volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Shull, W. C. first lieutenant, K, 112 Illinois volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Somers, Charles private, I, 84 Indiana volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 COURTLAND TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Botts, Joseph sergeant, D, 78 Illinois volunteer infantry. Scaudia 
 
 Campbell, A. J. private, C, 52 Illinois volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Fullen, W. H. private, F, 93 Induina infantry. Scandia 
 
 Free, W. Z. corporal, I, 8 Illinois volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Glasgow, . I. F. (iorporal, fourth batallion, Iowa volunteer artillery. Scandia 
 
 Hoyt, H. K. private, F, 9 Vermont infantry. Scandia 
 
 Hollenbeck, — sergeant, I, 20 Iowa volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Jon&s, Lewis private, F, 58 Illinois volunteer cavalry. Scandia 
 
 Lawrence, John M. private, F, 13 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Lawrence, John M. private, G, 2 Illinois volunteer artillery. 
 
^H ITisfori/ of /icpuhJt'r County. 
 
 Nirkirk, J. H. c^olor serj^eant, — , 50 Indiana volunteer infaudy. Scandia 
 
 Nicholass, H. private. (I, 51 Illinois volunteer infantry. Prospect 
 
 Oliver, E. B. private, L, 6 Missouri militia. Prospecl 
 
 Stahlman, Wm. private, B,78 Pennslyvauia veteran volunteer inl'antry. Scandia 
 
 H(juii'es, H. private, A, 33 Indiana volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Stoni, ¥j. a. private, E, 7 Vermont veteran volunteer. Scandia 
 
 Taylor, John M. sergeant, E, 122 Illinois volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Sell, John B. private, ^-, 87 Indiana volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Storm, H.S. private, F, 112 Illinois volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Tanner, C. K. private, H, 1 Missouri artillery. liepublic 
 
 Vale, Eli private, E, 67 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 V;ile, Eli corporal, K, 138 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Williams. I.W. sergeant, F, 89 Illinois volunteer infantry. Republic 
 
 Williams, C.E. private, (>, 44 Missouri volunteer infantry. ■ Republic 
 
 Ware, C. A. private, F, 7 Michigan volunteer cavalry. Republic 
 
 Yates, B. F. private, A, 100 Illinois volunteer infantry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 Yaple, Oscar private, H, 2 Indiana volunteer cavalry. Hardy, Nebraska 
 
 ELK CREEK TOWNSHIP. 
 Alderman, W. R. private, B, 14 and 38 Wis. volunteer inf, Army of Teuu. Clyde 
 Hiddle,Thomas third corporal, B, 48 Indiana veteran volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 Buck, William private, M, 2 Nebraska volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Buck, Aaron private, M, 2 Nebraska volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Canary,. fohn private, H, 212 Pennsylvania, Army of Potomac voliuileer. CJlyde 
 Doran, David teamster, Maryland, Array of Potomac irregular. Clyde 
 
 I) II sen berry, Geo W. private, 0, 30 Ohio volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Fickle, Geo.W. jjrivate, C, H2 Ohio volunteer infantry. Sea]>o 
 
 Graham, R. C. private, D, 12 Iowa infantry, Army of the West. Brauford 
 
 Gill, Richard H. private, G, 15 Illinois volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Harper, Marimen private, G, 7 Iowa volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 .Tarrett, John W. corporal. A, 7 Indiana volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Kent,, Isaac private, K, 149 Indiana volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Kingdon, Samuel private, H, 5 Indiana volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Krama, H.vS. private, E, 99 Indiana volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Miller,. lohn P. first sergeant, D, 8 Kentucky volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Pickett, Geo.W. ])rivate, E and G, 40and4fi Wiscon.sin volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 Pettyman, Eli. I. private, H, 77 Ohio volunteer infantry. Branford 
 
 Pentico, Simon private, G, 9 Kansas volunteer cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Parker, Chas M. private, D, 1 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Clyde 
 
 Roszell, (Jeo. H. private, H, 5 Indiana volunteer cavalry, .\i my of Potomac. Clyde 
 Simmons, Geo.W. priyate, K, 32 Wisconsin volnnt'r inf. Army of Tenu. Branford 
 Smith, G. T. B. private, C, 8 Illinois volunteer cavalry. Branford 
 
 Warburton, Geo.W. private, B, 58 Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. Branford 
 Young, Evan private, G, 46 Iowa volunteer infantry. Branford 
 
 KAiaVIEW TOWNSHIP. 
 Bel veal, Seth private. A, 53 Indiana volunteer infantry. Rosalind 
 
 Burk, A. A. private, C. 22 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
Hutorij of He/juhlic (Joit/ii//. 
 
 ft; 
 
 Block! inger, Autou sergeaut, E, 21 lowu vohinteer infivnlry. Jvosalind 
 
 Doslal, Anton private, K, 43 Illinois volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Tollins, Obadiah private, T, 26 New York volunteer infantry. iCosalind 
 
 Ford, Jo.seph private, G, 3 Maryland volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Gleavson, John S. private, D, 28 Illinois volunteer infantr\ . Ida 
 
 llooser, Jacob sergeant, B, 43 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Keene, J. C. private, H, 1 Iowa volunteer infantry. r.ellevillc 
 
 Reynolds, M. B. private, B, 187 Pennsylvania volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Snyder, J. H. private, H, 76 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 .Skidmore, G. W. private, E, 1 IMicbigan volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Thompson, Wm. 11. private, F and C, 8-43 Wisconsin vol. inf. Rosalind 
 
 Templin, R. private, C, 51 Indiana volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Woods, Joseph A. private, I, 5 Missouri volunteer infantry. Rosalind 
 
 Woolcott, James private, F, 18 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Rosalind 
 
 Woodhouse, W. H. private, E, 25 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Weagle, Augustus corporal, H, 4 Michigan volunteer cavalry. New Tabor 
 
 I-' AKMI N ( ITON TO WNSHIP, 
 
 Brown, Wm. A. corporal, B, 34 Iowa volunteer infantry. Haddam 
 
 Brooks, James private, K, 44 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Briscoe, James private, F, 117 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Briscoe, Aaron sergeant, G, 61 Illinois veteran volunteer in I an try. Cuba 
 
 Castile, W. B. private, C, 34 Iowa volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Calvert, Robert private, D, 43 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Cheney, H. A. corporal, G, 10 Indiana volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Dolsby, Martin private, G, 33 Indiana veteran volunteer infantry. Haddam 
 
 Gregory. Jo.seph private, H, 128 Indiana volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Gatfney, Thomas J. corporal, G, 61 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 (rould, G. W. corpora], B, 45 Ohio volunteer infantry. Haddam 
 
 Harris, .Tohu private, C, 2 Kansas volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Hamilton, H. B. private, B, 12 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Hendrie, L. T. B, 8 Iowa volunteer infantry. New Tabor 
 
 Ingham, Theodore fife major, H, 95 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Ingham, S. A. sergeant, 9 Wisconsin volunteer battery. Culia 
 
 Murdy, W. L. private, B, 47 Iowa volunteer infantry. Haddam 
 
 Mc^Henry, .1. W. private, E, 9 Indiana volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Raber, Henry sergeant, I, 8 Indiana volunteer infantry. Haddam 
 
 Studley,H. O. corporal, M, 5 Michigan volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 .Smith , Daniel corporal, B, 9 U. S. veteran volunteers. Cuba 
 
 Smith, John sergeant, I, 3 Missouri volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Shoemaker, F. H. private, I, 36 Iowa volunteer infantry. Ida 
 
 Teeter, Cicero private, F, 9 New York volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Taylor, Wm. M. private, F, 129 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Wageuer, E. W, musician, F, 129 Illinois volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Womastek, Frank private, I, 26 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 FREEDOM TOWNSHIP. 
 Abby, Orrin seaman, Wisconsin gunboat Paw-Paw on Tenn. i^ O. K's. IW-llevillc 
 9 
 
08 
 
 History of Republic County. 
 
 Abby, Orrin private, E, 38 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 Black, James D. corporal, D, 14 West Virginia volunteer inlantry. Belleville 
 
 Brown, W. J. private, F, 7 California volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Clark, John A. private, D, 15 Ohio volunteer infantry. . Belleville 
 
 Clark, John A. sergeant, F, 9 Ohio volunteer cavalry. 
 
 Clark, John A. private, K, 55 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 
 Clark, R. C. artisan, Missouri, employed in quartermaster dep't. Belleville 
 
 Couchman, E. H. private, C, 18 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Coy, Harvey private, H, 130 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Daniels, John L. private, F, 33 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 David, Daniel sergeant, C, 56 New York National Guards. Belleville 
 
 Dixon, Adam captain, B, 104 New York volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 (iraham, Manoah private, F, 36 Iowa. Belleville 
 Griffith, .1. C. 1st assistant surgeon, 29 Indiana volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Hibbard, Elmer C. private, B, 11 Michigan volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 Hovey, Geo. A. quartermaster sergeant, 17 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Hunter, Charles H. private, Ohio Home Guards. Belleville 
 
 Henderson, Wm. private, K, 5 U. S. regular cavalry. Belleville 
 Harris, Rufus private, independent Co. of cav.,1 y'r in Mexican war. Belleville 
 
 Ireland,?, private, C, 33 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Marsh, Thomas J. sergeant, H, 8 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Myers, Albert private, E, 55 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Mulvaney, J. N. private, C, 84 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 McCullough, Wm. corporal, K, 32 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Personett, Geo. W. private, B, 58 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Pringle, Jas. W. private, I, 146 Ohio volunteer 'infantry. Belleville 
 
 Powell, Ezra private, A, 195 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Savage, I. O. quartermaster, 18 Michigan volunteer in iantry. Belleville 
 
 Shaw, Almon captain C, 102 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Scofield, P. F. private, C, 94 New York volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Simpson, Geo. artisan, Missouri, quartermaster department. Belleville 
 
 Thompson, John M. private, E, 5 Ohio volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Taylor, C. R. private, I, 36 Illinois volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 VanAiken. David 1st lieutenant, D, 3 New York volunteer cavalry. Belleville 
 
 Wait, W. W. captain, C, 64 New York volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Walker, James F. private, K, 34 Iowa volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 Woosley, John color sergeant, 57 Ohio volunteer infantry. Belleville 
 
 JEFFERSON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Blanchard, G. private, E, 25 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. Tabor 
 
 Baird, T. .1. private, C, 15 Ohio volunteer infantry. Cuba 
 
 Everhrirdt, R. D. private, A, 15 Michigan. Seapo 
 
 Frint, J. H. private, Kansas militia. 
 
 Haskett, Eli H, 9 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Haigh, James private, I, 13 Kansas volunteer infantry. 
 Guy, Alvah private, E, 56 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Harkness, T. corporal, 8 Wisconsin volunteer battery. 
 Craft, (rodfrey able. New York U.S. Navy. 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Cuba 
 
 New Tabor 
 
 Belleville 
 
 .0^.: 
 
History of Tlepnhlic CoKtif//. 
 
 lt!» 
 
 Galyeon, J. S. private, (i, 59 Imliana vohiuteer iuluiitry. 
 Kunkle, Noah bugler, A, Missouri militia. 
 Kelley, J. r>. private, C, 2 Iowa volunteer cavalry. 
 Keudt, Sol. corporal, C, 73 Indiana volunteer infantry. 
 -Miller, J. A. private, C, 152 Pennsylvania volunteer infantry 
 McChesney, — private, C, 10 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Noble, O. C. corporal, H, 166 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Patterson, Nat. private, F, 47 Wisconsin volunteer infantry. 
 Patterson, Nat. orderly sergeant, Indiana militia. 
 Peak, W. P. corporal, L, 161 New York voluuteer infantry. 
 Pierce, Amos private, C, 138 Illinois volunteer infantry. 
 Settle, N. D. private, B, 60 Indiana volunteer infantry. 
 Smith, A. J. corporal, H, 1 Iowa volunteer cavalry. 
 Spillman, J. T. .sergeant, K, 3 Iowa volunteer cavalry. 
 Wise, G, W. private. I, 16 Iowa volunteer infantry. 
 Williamson, C. B. private, I, 88 Illinois volunteer infautry. 
 Williameon, C. B. private. K, 5 veteran reserve corps. 
 
 r.lBERTY TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Adams, John Q. private, A, 16 New York heavy artillery. 
 Acley, Orin G. private. A, 31 Iowa volunteer. 
 Allen, Joseph private, Ohio irregulars. 
 Brown, John C. private. A, 102 Illinois infantry. 
 Brassfield, Wm. private, M, 11 Illinois cava ry. 
 Childs, G. M. corporal, C, 151 New York infantry. 
 Ciaine, Desmond private, G, 49 New York infantry. 
 Carpenter, Paul sergeant. A, 20 Iowa infantry. 
 Crowe, William private, E, 8 Ohio infantry. 
 Clark, Hemmon private, Missouri militia. 
 Clark, Sam D. private, Missouri mi'itia. 
 Currier, Erastus sergeant, D, 29 Iowa infantry. 
 Dodds, W. S. lieutenant, F, 14 Iowa infantry. 
 Dutton, B. private. A, 17 Ohio infantry, 
 (ioodger, Lester private, C, 15 Indiana infantry. 
 Gardener, James D. corporal, D, 18 Ohio infantry. 
 Gano, James private, K, 32 Wisconsin infautry. 
 Helwick, E. B. private, C, 19 Iowa infantry. 
 Hadley, Allen private, K, 149 Indiana infantry. 
 Hiatt, Joel private, 36 Indiana infantry. 
 Hulbert, Henry private, B 18 Missouri infantry. 
 Milner, Geo. S. private, L, 73 Indiana infantry. 
 Milner, John private, H, 9 Indiana infentry. 
 j\Iilner, Thomas private, B, 151 Indiana infantry. 
 Mendinhall, J. W. private, B, 3 Iowa cava ry. 
 Nesmith, John private, Ohio irregu'ars 
 Neville, Lewis J. private, D, 65 Illinois infantry. 
 Perry, W. H. private, G, 3 Iowa cavalry. 
 Pitner, Levi M. private, L, 115 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Belleville 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Seapo 
 
 Republic 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Craineville 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 L.ofC. 
 
100 
 
 Historj/ of Jicp/ihlic Covntj/. 
 
 Kooks, Joseph H. private, A, 20 Iowa iufantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Kaudals, Andrew private, H, 14 Illiuois infantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 RatclitFe, John private, E, 9 Indiana cava'ry. Craineville 
 
 .Stocton, John private, H, 150 Pennsylvania infantry. Chester, Nebra>ika 
 
 Suaney, Lou private, F, 121 Pennsylvania infantry. Chester, Ncbraaka 
 
 Smith, Daniel private, L, 5 Wisconsin infantry. Craiuevi le 
 
 Stephenson, J. L. private, H, 2 Iowa infantry. Craineville 
 
 Stephenson, John private, Ohio irregu'ar. War of 1812. Craineville 
 
 Thompson, Chas. private, C, 4 Illinois cavalry. Chester, Nebra>ika 
 
 Van Winkle, R. R. private, H, 69 Indiana infantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Vance, Calvin J. private, G, 102 Illinois infantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Verley, N. H. sergeant, B, 31 Wisconsin infantry. Craineville 
 
 Whitney, Wm. E. private, G, 113 Illinois infantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Wilks, Lonzo private, C, 15G Illinois infantry. (Jhester, Nebraska 
 
 Wilkinson, Lewis corporal, G, 102 Illinois infantry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Weaver, Geo. T. saddler, E, 9 Indiana cavalry. Chester, Nebraska 
 
 LINCOLN TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Barher, L. P. private, C, 10 New York iufantry. Concordia 
 
 Burch, A. G. private. A, 15 Michigan infantry. Concordia 
 
 Bennett, Allen sergeant, B, 14 West Virginia infantry. Concordia 
 
 Brown, J. C. private, C, 8 Illinois cavalry. Bellevi'le 
 
 Bassett, G. B. private, C, 15 Ohio infantry. West Creek 
 
 Day, James J. private, K, 6 Ohio volunteer cavalry. Couconiia 
 
 Dixon,W. R. private, I, 17 Ohio volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Corbett, Benj. private, H, 13 Kansas volunteer infantry. West Creek 
 
 Evans, James private, — , 21 Indiana volunteer artillery. Scandia 
 
 Eckert,T. .7. private, I, 129 Illinois volunteer infantry. Minei'sville 
 
 Feasel, B. private, I, 78 Ohio irregulars. Concordia 
 
 Holland, E. sergeant, G, 19 Iowa volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 
 Hujrhes, John private, I, 31 Indiana volunteer infantry. Miuersville 
 
 Henrie, J. N. private, D, 34 Illinois volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Hubbard, W. L. private, B, 34 Illiuois volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 
 Gregg, James private, C, 5 Iowa volunteer infantry. Miuersville 
 
 (ialloway, J. N. private, F, 140 Illinois volunteer iufantry. Coucordia 
 
 Johnson, Thos. C. private, G, 18 Iowa volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 
 Kinghue, John private, C, 2 Maryland volunteer infantry. West Creek 
 
 Kempton, W.W. private, K, 4 Iowa volunteer veterans. Minersville 
 
 KeUy, A. private, A, 71 Ohio volunteer iufantry. Concordia 
 
 Miller, S.R. private, — , Kansas militia. West Creek 
 Mackey,A. private. A, 101 Pennsylvania reserve volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 
 Montgomery, W. C. private, A, 116 Ohio volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 
 Meyers, A. private, G, 23 Missouri volunteer infantry. Seapo 
 
 Mclntire, .sergeant, G, 38 Illinois volunteer infantry. Scandia 
 
 Nutter, J. P. private, K, 54 Illinois volunteer iniixntry. West Creek 
 
 Potteiger, corporal, I, 5 United States Pennsylvania regulars. West Creek 
 
 Park, AVilliam private, C, 102 Illinois volunteer infantry. Concordia 
 Pate, S. J. private, — , 16 second light artillery, volunteer inlantry. West Creek 
 
JTint 
 
 oni 
 
 ;/■ ll'i'ulilir Cniinlil. 
 
 lU 
 
 Roberts, J. H. private, K, 115 Illinois voliiutecr iulaiitrv. 
 Sherwood, James private, 1), 9 Indiana, drafted. 
 Stewart, S. M private, A, 105 Ohio volunteer infantry. 
 Stewart, Win. private, D, 155 Ohio infantry. 
 Scolie'd, R. Jj. private, B, 59 New York infantry. 
 Tittle, G.W. private, G, 7 Iowa cavalry. 
 Tate, G. J. private. A, 24 Indiana infantry. 
 Wilder, L. W. private, B, 8 Illinois cavalry. 
 
 NORWAY TOWNSHll". 
 Bashford, C'line private, B, 1 Missouri infantry. 
 Croslen,W, A. private, I, 11 Missouri ca^ah-y. 
 Crei}?hton, A. A. sergeant, K, 73 Ohio infantry. 
 Day,^Ynl. H. private, K, 6 Ohio cavalry. 
 David, Daniel private, C, 6 Indiana infantry. 
 Fritzsinger, Geo. private, H, 100 Indiana infantry. 
 Farriugton, M. V. private, B, 13 Illinois infantry, 
 (rile, N. E. private, G, 4 United States artillery, roj^ular. 
 Ifendrickson, A. F. private, B, 42 Indiana infantry. 
 Hanson, Hans captain, C, 15 Wisconsin infantry, {decmsi'il ). 
 I [an.son, H. A. private, F, 15 United States regular. 
 Ireland, George pri^'ate, E, 8 United States regular. 
 Ingraham, M.D. private, G, 19 Indiana infantry. 
 Kershner, Daniel private, K, 152 Ohio infantry. 
 Lewis, Chester private, E, 89 Indiana infantry. 
 -McCatliron, J. G. private, D, 2 New York infantry. 
 McCathron, J. G. sergeant, C, 2 Kansas cavalry, Mexican War. 
 Miller, John private, F, 33 Missouri infantry, {deceftscd). 
 McQueen, H. private, K, 3 Iowa cava'ry. 
 Scott, Wintie'd sergeant, C, 130 Indiana infantry. 
 Taggart, John E. private, A, 15 Michigan infantry. 
 Taggart. John E. private, I, 9 Michigan cavalry. 
 Wilder, T. G. private, C, 8 liiinois cavalry. 
 Young, Daniel private, B, 23 Iowa infantry. 
 
 UICHL A N D TO WM S 1 1 1 1 '. 
 Adams, Jeremiah private, C, 22 Iowa infantry. 
 Alexander, James private, G, 148 Ohio militia. 
 Krownlee, Wm. private, I, 50 lUinois infantry. 
 Ba'es, T. C. private, K, 73 Indiana infantry. 
 Barleen, Jonas private, C, 33 Iowa infantry. 
 Carson, George S. private, E, 33 Iowa infantry. 
 Dubois, W. W. private, B, 46 Illinois infantry. 
 Davidson, John M. farrier, G, 4 Illinois infantry. 
 Griffith, A. L private, — , — Ohio infantry. 
 Hayworth, R. D. private, G, 10 Iowa infantry. 
 Hay worth, W. W. private, I, 44 Missouri infantry. 
 Harper, Nathan private, B, 9 Kentucky cavalry. 
 Johnson, Elias private, K, 11 Iowa infantry. 
 
 Minersvillo 
 
 Minersville 
 
 .Miuersville 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Concordia 
 
 West Creek 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Norway 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Jay Fau 
 
 Norwav 
 
 Norway 
 Cou(;orditi 
 
 .lamcstowu 
 Norway 
 Norway 
 Scandia 
 Jay Fan 
 Norway 
 Norway 
 
 Scandia 
 
 Norway 
 
 Concordia 
 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Erautford 
 
 Clyde 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Cuba 
 
 Iladdam 
 
 II ad dam 
 
 Brautford 
 
 Braiitford 
 
102 
 
 ITintort/ of Ili'puJilic Cniniff/. 
 
 Kellam, Aaron private, — , — Indiana niiiitia. Cnba 
 
 K lima, James 
 
 Locke,E. M. private, G, 11 Illinois cava'ry. Cuba 
 
 Lemmons, A. B. private, M, 7 Missonri cavalry. Cnba 
 
 Leatherman, A. Z. private. 
 
 Marshall, James private, G, 8 Jowa infantry. Cuba 
 
 Nokes, Geo. V. private, G, 11 Illinois cavalry. Cuba 
 
 Nokes, Aaron private, H, 103 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Nicholass, John T. 1st sergeant, F, 93 Ohio infantry. Brantford 
 
 Pells, Philip M. private, tl, 11 Illinois cava'ry. Cuba 
 
 Oliver, Lanty private, F, 124 Illinois inftxntry. Brantford 
 
 Sexton, Zack F. private, B, 40 Iowa infantry. Cuba 
 
 Sager, Frank private, E, 1 New York artillery. Cuba 
 
 Smith, W. V. private, T, 93 Illinois infantry. Cuba 
 
 Thomas, J. G. private, C, 93 Ohio infantry. Brantford 
 
 Terpeuing, George A. farrier and private, L and A, 12 Illinois cavalry. Cuba 
 
 Traver, Geo A. pi-ivate, E, 3 New York light artillery. Cuba 
 
 Willough])y, Augustus E. private, E and C, 12 Illinois cavalry. Clyde 
 
 Williams, John priyate, E, 11 Illinois cavalry. Brantford 
 
 White, Geo. A. private, E, 9 New York cavalry, served in infantry, Cuba 
 
 Zook, William private, M, 2 Nebraska cavalry. Cuba 
 
 ROSE CREEK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Arrasmith, H. R. private, H, 13 Iowa infantry. 
 
 Bugbee, E. I). 1st corpora', B, 102 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Biae, W.R. 2d lieutenant, 6 Illinois light artillery, IJridge's 
 
 Benedict, G. W. private, P, 6 Wisconsin light artillery, Buen 
 
 Brown, Josephus private, I, 36 Iowa infantry. 
 
 Callahan, John private, I, 69 Indiana infantry. 
 
 Clark, J. E. 1st sergeant, C, 39 Kentucky infantry. 
 
 Cooper, J. E. private, D, 147 Indiana inlantry. 
 
 Coffin, S. E. private, G, 43 AVisconsin infantry. 
 
 Dalrymp'e, Geo. R. private, I, 9 Iowa cavalry. 
 
 Frame, J. R. sergeant, G, 30 Iowa infantry. 
 
 Fuller, H. C. lieutenant, I, 11 Illinois cavalry. 
 
 Ford, Philo private, E, 31 Wisconsin infantry. 
 
 Hamlinc, — private. A, 16 Il'inois infantry. 
 
 Hanon, Geo. W. private, C, 24 Ohio infantry. 
 
 Jackson, Geo. W. private, G, 124 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Jones, J. M. private, F, 140 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Jenk.s, G. R. private, G, 33 Wisconsin infantry. 
 
 Karus, S. D. private, E, 99 Indiana infantry 
 
 Kyser, Lewis private, B, 93 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Lugenbed, Wm. private, G, 3 Maryland infantry. 
 
 Martin, Silas 1st corporal, D, 4 Iowa infantry. 
 
 Mosshart, John private, K, 80 Ohio infantry. 
 
 McBride, J. T. private, H, 4 Iowa, cavalry. 
 
 Northrop, C. A. sergeant, K, 136 Pennsylvania inAmtry. 
 
 Hubbe 1, A\'braska 
 
 Ida 
 
 batta'ion Ida 
 
 11 Vista Ijat. Ida 
 
 Ida 
 
 Ida 
 
 Hubbell, A'chruska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Hubbel, Ntliraitka 
 
 Ida 
 
 Cli easier, Nebraska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Rosalind 
 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Chester, Neh-aska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Rosalind 
 
 Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Hubbell, Nebraska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Ida 
 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
 Ida 
 
 Chester, Nebraska 
 
nistorji of RcpiiMif (JoiDtlif. 
 
 108 
 
 Powell, F. T. sergeaut, V>, 104 New York infautry. llultln-ll, Nehrtiskn 
 
 Pitman, A. private, F, 13 Kansas infautry. Ida 
 I'atten, Hamuel private, A, 12 Illinois cavalry. liul)))ell, JVchraskn 
 
 Regester, Job I, 9 Iowa cavalry. Ida 
 
 Konsh,J. M. private, K, 174 Ohio cavalry. Ida 
 
 Simpson, Geo. M. 3d corporal, G, 19 Iowa infantry. Ida 
 Severn, A. 11. private, D, 36 Iowa infantry. linbhell, Kehraf<ka 
 
 Stephens, John A. private, G, 102 Illinois infantry. Ida 
 
 Skinner, M. corporal, C, 20 Wisconsin infantry. Ida 
 
 Sellers, J. private. Ida 
 
 Stone, Edward assistant surgeon, K, 15 Ohio infantry. Ida 
 
 Whitelock, J. G. 2d lieutenant. A, 1 Nebraska infantry. Ida 
 
 Williams S. H. assistant surgeon,. B 189 New York infantry. Harbine 
 
 Wells, N. W. private, C, 6 Wisconsin infantry. Ida 
 
 Wells, Leaudar private, H, 23 Wisconsin infantry. Ida 
 
 Winterbnru, G. W. private, E, 179 Ohio infantry. Ida 
 
 Young, Lewis private, K, 29 Iowa infantry. Ida 
 
 SC.\.NDI.\ T(^A\ NSH II'. 
 
 Auster, A. W. sergeant, E, 34 Illinois infantry. Srandia 
 
 Anderson, Christ private, I, 122 Illinois infantry, Scandia 
 
 Almquis, E. private, D, 37 Illinois infautry. Scandia 
 
 Asburnson. A. engineer. United States Navy. Scandia 
 
 Cooper, J. T. private, G, 126 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Daugherty, F. private, 23 Indiana artillery. • Scandia 
 Falconer, H. private, B and G, 35 and 23 Wisconsin voluuleur infantry. Scandia 
 
 Goodwin, R. W. private, E, 35 Illinois infautry. Scandia 
 
 Gile, H. private, K, 4 Iowa infantry. Scandia 
 
 Handcock, M. private, L, 1 Indiana heavy artillery. Scandia 
 
 Hood, .Jolm private, F, 87 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Harris, S. B. private. United States Navy. Scandia 
 
 Knoll, W. N. private, H, 11 Michigan infantry. Scandia 
 
 Libeck, H. 2 Illinois light artillery. Scandia 
 
 Meed, R B. private, G, 7 Iowa cavalry. • Scandia 
 
 Mosher, J. A. private, E, 14 Maine infantry. Scandia 
 
 Norris, W. private, A, 7 Illinois cav^alry. Scandia 
 
 Simms, A.T. private, D, 2 Iowa cavalry. Scandia 
 
 Taylor, J. private, L, 1 Tennessee cavalry. Scandia 
 
 UNION TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Cuthbertson,F. T. corporal, G, 25 Ohio infantry. Scandia 
 
 Cuthbertson, John private, H, 49 Ohio infantry. Scandia 
 
 Cuthbertson, Bruce private, I, 164 Ohio infantry. Scandia 
 
 Cate, Geo. A. private, C, 118 Illiuois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Cooper, H.G. private, C, 102 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Cardwell, P. P. private, H, 22 Iowa infantry. Republic 
 
 Brown, Thomas private, T, 94 Illinois infantry. Republic 
 
 Boothe, James corporal, M, 71 Indiana 6th cavalry and infantry. Scandia 
 
 Bowersox, J. R. corporal, E, 5 Ohio cava'ry. Scandia 
 
104 
 
 History of Meptcblic Coxvf//. 
 
 Fench, James private, B, 1 Missouri cava'ry. Republic, 
 
 French , John Missouri militia. Republic. 
 
 Garher, Wm. private, G, 33 Indiana infantry. Scandia 
 
 Hubbard, J. W. corporal, G, 7 Iowa cava'ry. Republic 
 
 Hammond, Taylor private, C, 11 Indiana ca a' ry. Hcandia 
 
 Johnson, T. M. private, C, 47 Iowa infantry. Scandia 
 
 Lowe, F. M. private, 43 Missouri infantry. Scandia 
 
 Liewallen, C. P. private, G, 12 Tennessee cavalry. Republic 
 
 Morris, I.. M. corporal, C, 117 and 144 Indiana infantry. Scandia 
 
 McDowell, G. private, E, 211 Pennsyhania infantry. Hcandia 
 
 •AfcPherson, J. E. private, H, 122 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 McKay, S. A. corporal, H, 37 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 McPherren, J. C. private, C, 36 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 McCormac, Thos. first-c!ass fireman, United States navy. Repub'ic 
 
 Porter, J. P. private, 61 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Stark, S. B. bugler, D, 2 Iowa cavalry. Scandia 
 
 Stark, A. H. private. A, 42 Iowa infantry. Scandia 
 
 Sherrard, J. H. private, 172 Ohio infantry. Republic 
 
 Wilcox, J. P. private, K, 118 Illinois infantry. Tiago 
 
 A\ilcox,T. F. private, 42 ILinois infantry. Republic 
 
 Young, Joseph private. A, 12 Wisconsin infantry. Scandia 
 
 WHITE ROCK TOWNSHIP. 
 
 liabcock, Chester L. private, 15, 26 New. York infantry regii'ar. White Rock 
 
 Baker, E'ias D. private, G, 46 Illinois infantry. White Rock 
 
 Cooper, Fred S. 2d lieutenant, F, 4 Missouri cavalry. White Rock 
 
 Cassen, Geo. W. private, K, 1 Ohio artillery regu'^ir. White Rock 
 
 Ksslstyn, Henry private, M, 1 Wisconsin cavalry. White Rock 
 
 Guthein, Eri private, F, 95 Indiana regular. White Rock 
 
 Huffman, H. private, I, 47 Illinois regular. White Rock 
 
 Hoag, Sam P. private, F, 14 Iowa regulars. White Rock 
 
 Haney,E. private, B, 51 Indiana infantry. Scandia 
 
 Joseph, Scott private, I, 2 Mississippi infantry, Mexico. 1847. White Rock 
 
 Keenan, Patrie private, E, 4 Iowa infantry irregu ars. White Rock 
 
 Lovewell, Thos. l.st duty sergeant. A, 7 California reg. infantry White Rock 
 
 Layman, John private, F, 91 Illinois regu'ar infantry. Whit« Rock 
 
 Maxwell, James sergeant. A, 88 Illinois regular infantry. Scandia 
 
 Ocobock, Monroe sergeant, P. 12 Illinois regular cava'ry. White Rock 
 
 Ogl, Alfred l'>. private, D, 43 Missouri regular infantry. White Rock 
 Persinger, John i^. M. sergeant. A, 8 Tenne-ssee regular cava'ry. White Rock 
 
 Persinger, Davis private, 8 Tennessee regular cava'ry. White Rock 
 
 I'omeroy, Timothy sergeant, G, 23 Illinois regular infantry. White Rock 
 
 Scott, William private, I, 37 Iowa regular infantry. White Rock 
 Sindle, George M. private, H, 140 Pennsylvania regular infantry. White Rock 
 Smith, Solomon private, F, 7 Ohio regu ar infantry, Mexico, 1847. White Rock 
 
 Smith, So'omon private, C, 4 Indiana regular cava'ry. White Rock 
 
 Stewart, Jas. C. private, G, 97 Illinois regu'ar infantry. White Rock 
 
 Sj)otts, Wm. private, 210 Pennsylvania. White Rock 
 
History of Repiihlic County. 
 
 10( 
 
 Wright, R. D. private, E, 133 New York regulars. White Rock 
 
 Wright, A. D. private, D, 23 Michigan regulars. White Rock 
 Watson, Robert private, I, 8 II. S. inf., with Indiau.s, 1855 to 1860. White Rock 
 Watson, Robert private, F, 3 United States art, to enlistments. White Rock 
 Watson, Rob't 4 duty sergeant, Kansas, under Capt. Weitze 1, 1869. White Rock 
 
 Warner, A. B. piivate, B, 12 Illinois infantry. White Rock 
 
 WASHINGTON TOWNSHIP. 
 
 Bishop, V. V. private, H, 11 Wisconsin infantry. Harbine 
 
 Baiiy, Phillip private, E, 9 Iowa cavalry. Republic 
 
 Brant, A. B. private, H, 74 Illinois infantry. Harbine 
 
 Baker, Joseph D. private, C, 30 Ohio. Republic 
 Adams, D. S. corporal, E, 20 and 46 Iowa infantry (deceased). 
 
 Carpenter, Ezekiel corporal. A, 20 Iowa infantry. Harbine 
 
 Carpenter, David private. A, 20 Iowa infantry. Harbine 
 
 Elliott, Wm. J. private, H, 74 Illinois infantry. Harbine 
 
 Gaylord, Isaac B. private, K, 10 Wisconsin infantry. Harbine 
 
 Gardner, CO. private, B, 75 Ohio infantry. Republic 
 
 Graves, Samuel B. corporal, F, 12 Wisconsin infantry. Republic 
 
 Hayes, Isaac B. private, B, 13 United States regular infantry. Harbine 
 
 Hawks, R. private, K, 45 Illinois infantry. Republic 
 
 Ho Idem ess, W. H. private, K, 8 Illinois infantry. 
 
 James, Robert M. private, K, 11 Indiana cavalry. Republic 
 
 Kimball, A. C. private, B, 3 Wisconsin cava'ry. Harbine 
 
 Kephart,H. S. private, G, 8 Iowa infantry. Republic 
 
 Kenworthy, J. E. private, B, 40 Iowa infantry. Republic 
 
 Miller, Byron private, F, 70 Illinois infantry. Republic 
 
 Marlett, Thomas F. private, D, 57 Ohio infantry. Republic 
 
 Riley, Edward T. corporal, B, 112 Illinois infantry. Harbine 
 
 Stewart, Wm.T. corporal, F, 46 Ohio veteran volunteer infantry. Harbine 
 
 Sherman, O. A. private, F, 28 Michigan infantry. Harbine 
 
 Swartz, Henry sergeant, F, 46 Ohio infantry. Harbine 
 
 Smith, James W. sergeant, F, 46 Ohio infantry. Harbine 
 
 Smith, C. O. private, — , 15 Indiana battery, light artil'ery. Harbine 
 
 Stuson, Hiram private, A, 31 Iowa infantry. Harbine 
 
 Sherman, C. A. Nebraska militia. Harbine 
 
 Van Vol kenburg, Oscar corporal, E, 9 Iowa cavalry. Republic 
 
 Vance, H. B. private, G, 146 Illinois cavalry. Republic 
 
 Welch, Peter private, K, 15 Iowa infantry. Harbine 
 
 Walmer, Theodore marine on flag-ship J?i:;/-(/bn/. Harbine 
 
 SCAiNDIA CITY. 
 
 Albrus, S. private, L, 8 Illinois cavalry. Scandia 
 
 Bell, J. private, — , 11 Michigan infantry. , Scandia 
 
 Buck,C. H. private, I, 2 New Jersey infantry. Scandia 
 
 Buckley, C.G. quartermaster sergeant, 9 Illinois infantry. Scandia 
 
 Curren, M. private, M, 1 Vermont cavaliy. Scandia 
 
 Cole, A. private, B, 7 West Virginia cava'ry. Scandia 
 10 
 
106 
 
 History of Repuhlic County. 
 
 Earley, E. private, K, 28 Iowa infantry. 
 Fancher, G. H. corporal, H, 32 Wisconsin infantry. 
 Gardner, P. D. private, B, 17 Kansas infantry. 
 Gulick, C. W. first sergeant, H, 138 Illinois infantry. 
 Hunter, T. private, B, 58 Pennsylvania militia. 
 Loofbourrow, J. N. — , E, 89 Indiana infantry. 
 Lyonds, C. S. mr. meth., Unit«d States navy. 
 Lembke, George private, D, 55 Illinois infantry. 
 Miller, E. private, G, 4 Kentucky infantry. 
 Mathews, James private, G, 75 Illinois infantry. 
 Messenger, C. N. farrier, F, 1 Oregon cavalry. 
 McClaflin, G. private, K, 36 Ohio infantry. 
 McClallin, G. private, B, 193 Ohio infantry. 
 Nicholas, G. private, I, 136 Pennsylvania infantry. 
 Nelson, Erick private, F, 89 Illinois infantry, 
 Norris, William private, A, 7 Indiana cavalry. 
 
 Seaboltz, private, A, 1 Iowa cavalry. 
 
 Skeels, S. W. private, B, 40 Iowa infantry. 
 Van Ham, W. K. sergeant, I, 35 Ohio infantry. 
 Whitney, R. L. private, D, 11 Illinois infantry. 
 Whitney, R. L. sergeant, 1 Illinois cavalry. 
 Whitney, R. L. company sergeant, 146 Illinois Infantry. 
 Williams, J. J. corporal, C, 160 New York infantry. 
 Wells, G. W. sergeant, D, 41 Indiana cavalry. 
 Walker, W. corporal, A, 127 Illinois infantry. 
 Wilson, C. C. private, G, 22 2d batallion veteran reserve. 
 Wilson, A. D. private, I, 137 Indiana infantry. 
 Wilson, C. C. private, B, 31 Indiana infantry. 
 White, G. L. 1st lieutenant, B, 185 Ohio infantry. 
 
 ADDITIONAL NAMES. 
 Dancy, Wm. private, H, 23 Illinois infantry. 
 Grover, Samuel B. private, F, 12 Wisconsin infantry. 
 Miller, Lord B. private, F, 79 Illinois infantry. 
 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 Scandia 
 vScandia 
 Scandia 
 
 Republic 
 Republic 
 Republic 
 
 Total, 646. One lieutenant colonel, 6 captains, 1 regimental quartermaster, 3 
 1st lieutenants, 6 2d lieutenants, 3 assistant surgeons, 104 non-commissioned 
 officers, and 522 privates. Five were Mexican veterans, and one took part in 
 the war of 1812. One hundred and fifty-three enlisted from Illinois, 109 from 
 Iowa, 75 from Ohio, 74 from Indiana, 42 from Wisconsin, and the remainder 
 from pearly every State from Maine to California. 
 
INDE'X. 
 
 Albion Township 33, til 
 
 Agricultural .Society, wlicn organized :!9 
 
 Arbuthnot, J. G 53 
 
 Boi^us Laws 11 
 
 Kanta, A J 3f> 
 
 IJootlie, Joseph 39, 53, 55 
 
 UiK Bend Townsliip 61 
 
 IJelloville Towf.ship 63 
 
 IJeaver Townsliip 64 
 
 Belleville City ()5 
 
 Cory, David and John 19, 03 
 
 Cory, Ezra Spencer 21 
 
 Crawford, Gov. S. J 26 
 
 Convention, jNIass, first held in county 31 
 
 Cuba 72 
 
 Campbell, John M 32 
 
 Coal 44 
 
 Climate 45 
 
 Cyclones 46 
 
 • "ensus 51 
 
 Courtland Township 64 
 
 (liurches 77,78,79 
 
 ('oncluslon 90 
 
 Denver, James W 13 
 
 Enoch, Edwin 22 
 
 Election, first held In county 31 
 
 Election, Permanent county seat 33 
 
 Election to re-locate county seat 33 
 
 Elk Creek, Township of. 33, 64 
 
 Election 1870, Returns of. 37 
 
 Elections, Returns of 53, 54, 55, 56, 57 
 
 Fisher, S. M 29,69 
 
 Frlnt, J. H 31, 32, 33, 53 
 
 Farmington, Township of. 33 
 
 Freedom Township 62 
 
 Falrvlew Township 62 
 
 Farmington 63 
 
 Geary, John W 12 
 
 Granstadt, Malcolm 27 
 
 Grllflth, J. C 36, 37, 39, 40, 67 
 
 Gamble, D. C 53,54,55,50,57 
 
 Gardner, O. A A 41, 42 
 
 Grant Township 04 
 
 Grand Army of the Republic 88, 89 
 
 Granges 89 
 
 Harshberger, Wm i9, 21, 22 
 
 Harris, John 22, 31, 63 
 
 Hamill, R. A 33, :» 
 
 Heely, A. F 36,37, 53 
 
 Hughes, Wm 41,62 
 
 Horticultural Society, when organized 42 
 
 Hanson, L. C 38, 53, 54, 69, 70 
 
 Hallowell, E. A 55, 56 
 
 Harblne, 72 
 
 Introductory History 9 
 
 Indian Massacre 14 
 
 Indebtedness of county 59 
 
 Judicial District, 12th, when created 37 
 
 Jury, first Impaneled 38 
 
 Jeflferson Township 63 
 
 Kindt, Josiah 41, 54, 55, 57 
 
 Kasl, John, 56, 74 
 
 Liberty Township 61 
 
 Lawrence, Sacking of. 12 
 
 Lane, Janaes H 1 
 
 Lovewell, Thomas 19 
 
 Law Library of county 30 
 
 Law suit, First tried in county 3ft 
 
 Limestone 4? 
 
 Lincoln Township 64 
 
 Medary, Samuel IS 
 
 Meyers, Daniel and (,'onrad lf< 
 
 Militia 23 
 
 MllitKi, Salt Creek 2.5 
 
 McFarlan, John 31,32 
 
 McIIutcheon, I'eter 6^ 
 
 Moore, Wm ,M....'. 55 
 
 Mosher, J. A 38, 41,-54 
 
 Minersvillo 73 
 
 Manning, John 32, 65 
 
 Norway Township 64 
 
 New Tabor 74 
 
 Newspapers 79 
 
 Parrott, M. J 13 
 
 Peake, Capt. W. P 25, 39,56 
 
 Pleasant Hill SI 
 
 Pilkenton, W. H 3s, 53, 54, 55 
 
 Perry, C 53 
 
 Powell, Ezra 38,42 
 
 Patriotic Record 92 
 
 Rose Creek Township 33, 61 
 
 Reily, J. C 30, 31, 55, 58 
 
 Regester, Thomas 23 
 
 Reeder, Andrew H 10,11 
 
 Robinson, Charles 11 
 
 Republic county, Boundaries of 17 
 
 Rowe, Z P 22 
 
 Reily, T. C 31, 65 
 
 Rainfall 46 
 
 Richland Township 6S 
 
 Republic City 70, 71 
 
 Railroads 79 
 
 Shannon, Wilson 11 
 
 Sywasha Spattybat 19 
 
 Swan, James 22 
 
 Swan, John 22 
 
 schooley, Isaac M 20, 22 
 
 Stanfield, R. T 27 
 
 I Salt 44 
 
 Statistics 48, 49 
 
 Shaw, Almond 53 
 
 Skeels, S. W 53 
 
 Scandia Township 63 
 
 Scandla City 68 
 
 Seapo 74 
 
 Schools 76 
 
 Secret Societies 81, 82, 83, 84 
 
 Soldiers' Re-union 85 
 
 Tuthill, James 18, 32 
 
 Tutton, A. B 35, 65 
 
 Topography of County 43 
 
 Timber 43 
 
 Union Township 61 
 
 VanNatta, James E 19, 21, 81 
 
 VanNatta, N. T 37, 38, 54, 55, 56 
 
 Vantrump, V 40, 41, 53 
 
 Valuation of all property as assessed 52 
 
 Whitfield, J. W 10 
 
 Walker, Robert J 13 
 
 Whiting. A. B 14, 16, 68 
 
 Way, 0. M > 18 
 
 West. Rev. R. P 20, 22, 31 32, 40, 53, 55, 56 
 
 Wlnabigler, Gordon 27 
 
 Watson. Robert 28 
 
 Williams, J. C 38, 53 
 
 Way, P. P 32, 33 
 
 Wilson, A. S 37 
 
 Water-power 45 
 
 Wilder, A. B 39, 40, 41 
 
 Wilson, \. D 53, 55, 59 
 
 White, Geo. L 54,55 
 
 Washington Township 61 
 
 White Rock Township 61 
 
 White Rock City 72 
 
^E^A^HALLOWELL,^ 
 
 Real Esta' 
 
 BKLLEmiE, UWtJK CO., KJN. 
 
 Bargains in Real Estate that will never come again. 
 
 Hard times are passing special inducements to parties seeking homes. 
 Desirable as a home for families wishing to change their i-esidences, some of the 
 advantages are the general fertility of the soil, producing abundantly the grain, 
 fruits and vegetables, and of an excellent quality ; and, added to this, a good 
 quality of stone for building purposes; and coal, the supply of which appears 
 unlimited, and good for fuel ; and the abundant supply of well and spring water, 
 both soft and hard, besides the numerous creeks and streams assuring inex- 
 haustible supplies of this very essential element of habitation. 
 
 While the soil, under proper cultivation, will average very well with other 
 sections of the Great West in the production of the smaller grains, it is in the 
 producing of corn, the natural food for fattening hogs and cattle, wherein it is 
 unsurpassed. This industry now leads all others here, and, as a result, those who 
 have turned their attention to it are on the road to prosperity and wealth ; as a 
 result, good houses and other buildings on the prairies. 
 
 Fine orchards and farm improvements rise up marvelously quick. In fact 
 very many of our people here are as comfortably situated with homes, school 
 and church privileges, as their neighbors of the older States, are again as an evi- 
 dence of that wondrous fascination so beautifully illustrated by our own Senator 
 lugalls, in his, " The subtle, which having once breathed its sweet prevailing 
 influence, recalls the footsteps of the wanderer back to the land of his adoption," 
 has been so often exemplified that it needs no ft^rther emphasis, than to recall 
 it as one strong proof of our hospitable clime ; indeed a very few leave us but to 
 return again. 
 
 Again, the facilities for a ready market are good. The Missouri Pacific 
 skirting the south and following up the Republican Valley, and the P>. & M. 
 bounding us on the north, aftbrd competing transportation lines for the ship- 
 ment of our stock. 
 
 The general thrift, hardiness and intelligence of the people, coupled with 
 the cheapness of our lauds, contribute much to induce still further immigration 
 to our county. There is plenty of room yet for more good families, as but little 
 over one-third of the land is under cultivation. Come and see us. There is no 
 danger of homesickness, no reason for the blues, as the air is healthy, and the 
 financial condition, both public and private, good. 
 
KNOX 
 
 2()i Kansas Ave., 
 
 Topcka, Kansas. 
 
 Do a general banking business. Buy and sell domestic and foreign exchange. 
 Draw drafts in amounts to suit, payable in all parts of Europe. 
 
 Accounts of Banks, Bankers, Manufacturer, Merchants and others, received 
 on the most favorable terms. Collections promptly remitted at lowest rates. 
 Interests paid on time deposits. Money loaned for investors at current rates, free 
 of expense to lender ; collection and remittance of interest and principal made 
 without charge. 
 
 Persons desiring loans upon real estate, whether form or town property, can, 
 at this bank, obtain money at lowest rates. Call or write for terms. Money 
 loaned without delay. 
 
 This deparmeut for savings is organized for the purpose of receiving on deposit 
 the profits and savings of industry and economy from merchants, mechanics, 
 laborers, farmers, tradesmen, clerks, women, children and others. 
 
 embraces improved farms, good lands, Topeka lots (200), and city property, for 
 sale cheap and on favorable terms. Some of our farms can be sold for what im- 
 provements would cost. 
 
 KNOX'S INVESTOR'S GUIDE sent free upon application. 
 
 ELLEYI 
 
 BELLEVILLE, 
 
 KANSAS. 
 
 
 M. J. POST, - Proprietor. 
 
 This house having changed hands, has been re-fitted and re- 
 furnislied in every dei)artnient, and is now second to none west of 
 the Missouri River. The tables are always supplied with the best 
 in the market, served in the latest and best style. Sample rooms 
 for commercial travelers; and every attention given to transient 
 custom. 
 
B. R. HOGIN, 
 
 'TORREY f AT I La 
 
 AND hf- 
 
 NOTARY PUBLIC. 
 
 -MkBEIiLEVIIiIiE, •:• K^Pi??- ** 
 
 A. B. WILDER, 
 
 ATTORNEY AT LAW. 
 
 Real Estate and CoUeetion Ag't. 
 
 Has a large list of very desirable unimproved lands 
 for sale. 
 
 JOSEPH BOOTHE, 
 
 PROBATE JUDGE, 
 
 OFFICE IjV TPE CeURlt peU^E, BEIrLEYIIiDE. 
 
 Makes Collections, fills and acknowledges Deeds, 
 Mortgages, Powers of Attorney, etc All business en- 
 trusted to his care will be promptly attended to. 
 
 Final Homestead Proof Papers made out, by which 
 the applicant will be saved all trouble and expense of 
 going to the land office. 
 
C. W. GULICK, Proprietor 
 
 i NEW_ YORK STORE. | 
 
 SCANDIA, - - KANSAS. 
 
 DEALER IN 
 
 ENERAL MERCHANDISE, 
 
 V 
 
 -A FULL LINE OF- 
 
 Dry Goods, Boots, Shoes, Clothing, 
 
 HATS, CAPS, & GROCERIES. 
 
 Stock New and Fresh. Prices at all times as low as any retail 
 house west of the Missouri River. 
 
 ]i. T. V^NM'P'P^. 
 
 ^iDiF0^]\iEY § ceuNPEiie^ ^1! hnvi. 
 
 —^ 
 
 BEIiLEVIIrLB, K^NS^3. 
 
 E. B. TOWLE, 
 
 ATTORNEY AT LAW. 
 
 {I^te of the Supreme Judicial CXturi of Maine.) 
 
 BELLEVILLE, - KANSAS. 
 
 Also Loan and Insurance Agent. Correspond- 
 
 ENCli; FROxM THE EaST, SOLICITED. 
 
Pleasant View Nursery, 
 
 SCANDIA, - - KANSAS. 
 
 'j. A. MOSHER, Proprietor. 
 
 Tliis Nursery is situated half way between Belleville and Scandia, 
 thirteen miles south of the southern line of Nebraska, and seventeen 
 miles north of Concordia, on range and township lines between 3 
 and 4; has been established 13 years; has stood grasshoppers and 
 Eastern tree-peddlers, etc.; and has to-day the most complete assort- 
 ment of Fruit, Forest, and Ornamental Trees of any establishment 
 of the kind in northwestern Kansas. Our trees are all dug with a 
 tree-digger, which is made especially for the purpose, and does away 
 with the bruising and mangling of roots, which is usually done. 
 Our grafts are taken from bearino; trees on our own o-round, and 
 only such varieties as have proved worthy are propagated. Espec- 
 ial pains are taken to have nothing but first-class stock leave the 
 nursery, and })roi)erly labeled and true to name. Prices Avill be 
 found as low as first-class nursery stock can be sold for and leave 
 a living profit. I give my especial attention to the business, and 
 intend to make it second to none in the State. Do the people of 
 this county want such an institution in their midst, or will they con- 
 tinue to patronize a one-horse institution, and every tramp that 
 chances to come along, claiming to represent some nursery which 
 often proves to be falsely represented? Read carefully, study your 
 own interests, and patronize home institutions. Help build up 
 your own county by spending your money here instead of giving it 
 to men who have no interest in the county only to gull out and take 
 away every dollar they can get hold of. In connection Avith the 
 nui'sery, I make a specialty of breeding thoroughbred Poland-China 
 Pigs, Plymouth Rock Chickens, etc. Pigs furnished in pairs not 
 akin, and pedigrees if desired. 
 
 For Catalogue and further information, address, 
 
 J. A. MOSHER, Scandia, Kas.