Vol. X. No. 116. 
 f.ssued Monthly. 
 
 JULY, 1900. 
 
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 ■MMfn^ 
 
 ylTHLETIC 
 
 THE GAMES OF 
 
 LAWN HOCKEY 
 TETHER BALL 
 SQUASH BALL 
 GOLF=CROQUET 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
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 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 
 
 THE GAMES OF 
 
 LAWN HOCKEY 
 TETHER BALL 
 SQUASH BALL 
 GOLF-CROQUET 
 
 ^ 
 
 PUBLISHED BY THE 
 
 AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING COMPANY 
 i6 AND i8 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK CITY 
 
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 JUL 141900 
 
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SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 % LAWN HOCKEY. ^ 
 
 THOMAS J. BROWNE. 
 
 THE writer's experience with anything resembling hockey was 
 when, as a boy of twelve, he played the game of "shinny"' 
 or "shinty," as it is called in some places. In this a wooden 
 block, a stone, a ball, or anything about two inches in diameter, 
 sufficed for a "shinny," while a broom or umbrella handle or branch 
 of a tree of suitable shape took. the place of the present expensive 
 hockey stick, with its mathematically correct curves and dimension?, 
 and finished surface. Two large stones about three yards apart at 
 each end of the field or vacant lot, as it usually chanced to be, served 
 as goal marks, between which the " shinny " had to be forced. 
 
 The number of players on each side was not limited. Every one 
 with the "gang" or crowd at the time was expected to play; the 
 more the merrier. The game was started by each " side " lining up 
 at its end of the field and then sending its fleetest runner to the centre, 
 where the "shinny" was placed, the side with the fastest runner get- 
 ting first strike. The "off-side" rule was observed, " shinny on your 
 own side" being the warning cry, which, if not obeyed, brought a 
 blow across the offender's shins. 
 
 Whether "shinny" represents a stage from which the present game 
 of hockey evoluted, or whether it is a degenerate form of the latter, 
 the writer is not certain. At any rate the early state of hockey in 
 England resembled "shinny," and this is now looked upon as the 
 barbarous era out of which the game has grown, under the fostering 
 care of the Hockey Association of England. An important step in 
 the development of the game was taken on the adoption of the "strik- 
 ing circle," from the inside of which the ball must receive its final 
 touch in being sent through the goal. This feature encouraged "drib- 
 bling" and passing between the players and lessened the advantage 
 of heavy and reckless striking, as a ball driven through the goal by a 
 blow outside the striking circle does not score. 
 
 Novices at "bullying" who are at all nervous have a difficult time 
 controlling themselves sufficiently to calmly tap the ground and their 
 opponents' sticks thrice in succession before making a strike at the 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 
 
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SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 5 
 
 ball lying so temptingly near. It is so easy to succumb to the tempta- 
 tion to avoid the last tap, and, instead, strike at the ball — fine train- 
 ing in self-control. The forwards are the rush line; the object of the 
 backs is to feed to them; they do the aggressive work, while the men 
 in the rear are expected to act on the defensive. The position of 
 goal keeper, although an important one, is the least desirable of all. 
 Forbidden to leave his post, he must stand there, cold as it may be, 
 and occasionally, as the ball comes near, be on the alert to interpose 
 himself between the ball and the goal. And the stronger his team 
 the less work for him, as the ball will then be kept down toward the 
 opponents' goal. He has great responsibility, yet with no opportunity 
 to distinguish himself in the aggressive work of the team. Woe 
 befall him if he lets the ball pass ; but if he is successful — well, he 
 has simply done his duty. It would seem but fair that all the players 
 on the team should take their turn at this undesirable post. Bodily 
 contact of player with player being only accidental, weight does not 
 count for so much as it does in foot ball. Speed and endurance are 
 prime requisites in a first class hockey player. Be the man ever so 
 light he can soon, with steady practice, come into possession of these 
 elements. The game is similar to foot ball in that it gives a man 
 all-round exercise in the open air. The vigorous running gives .splen- 
 did development of heart and lung power, even surpassing foot ball 
 in this respect. The player gets the wrist of a fencer and the accuracy 
 of a golfer, for he must be able to twist the ball quickly from his 
 opponent and to pick it up and dribble it along at his greatest speed 
 down the field before he may liope to " pass " successfully to his com- 
 panions and earn the reputation of a good team player. The game 
 calls for physical courage, though, perhaps, not to the same extent as 
 foot ball ; still it requires pluck to dash in where sticks are apparently 
 flying rather wildly, at imminent danger to heads as well as shins and 
 ankles. The element of danger, as might be supposed, is greater 
 among novices, for, as the player becomes more experienced, he 
 learns how to keep his stick down, to hit the ball rather than the 
 other fellow's shins, to jump and avoid a reckless blow and to dodge 
 a hard hit ball from near goal. He learns that reckless striking only 
 wastes time, endangers others, besides exposing his team to losses 
 from penalties inflicted by the umpire. The percentage of accidents 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 7 
 
 from hockey is much smaller than in foot ball, and the injuries are 
 never of a serious character, being merely barked shins or knuckles, 
 and occasionally a bruised head from a backward spring or an "off- 
 side " play. The proportion of sore shins and knuckles can be greatly 
 lessened by proper covering with shin guards and gloves. It seems 
 to be a game well adapted to Association use, and, judging from its 
 success at the Springfield Training School, it should prove a populaj 
 fall game, especially in those places where foot ball has been dis- 
 couraged because of its danger to untrained men, its expensiveness or 
 because of other causes. To put it in basket ball style — hockey 
 "can be played on any ground free from obstruction." Of course, 
 the nearer level the ground the better the control of the ball. An 
 ordinary vacant lot cleared of rubbish will furnish opportunity for 
 many enjoyable games. There need be no limit to the number of 
 players, other than the size of the field, unless a team is formed to 
 play outside teams. 
 
 The outfit is comparatively inexpensive. A stick and ball are all 
 that is absolutely needed. Two stones at each end of the field may 
 do duty as goal posts, if nothing better can be found. Shin guards 
 and gloves add to one's comfort, although many players find little use 
 for gloves. 
 
 The principles of the game are easily mastered. The four points 
 to remember are : Hit the ball toward your opponents' goal ; don't 
 raise your stick higher than your head ; strike from right to left and 
 you'll always be "on side." 
 
 The last strike for goal must be made from inside the striking 
 circle. Hockey resembles basket ball in that the elements in both 
 are easily learned, and both possess great opportunities for the de- 
 velopment of skill. The two games possess so many features in com- 
 mon, that what can be said of one may well be applied to the other. 
 
 The Springfield Training School has played the game for the past 
 four years, giving part of the fall to hockey and part to foot ball. 
 The enthusiasm over the class hockey championship has been as 
 great, if not greater than formerly, when the classes played for the 
 foot ball championship. To the average spectator, unacquainted 
 with the fine points of play in both games, hockey is more interesting 
 than foot ball. The open play with the men continually in motion. 
 
8 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 players running to and fro in their brightly colored uniforms, the 
 frequent sprint of two opponents after a hard hit ball with the slower 
 men trailing out behind; the wriggling and squirming of the men in 
 a scrimmage near the goal, then the sudden melting away of the mass 
 as the ball is sent out and down the field by a fortunate blow, the 
 sticks flying high as the men go yelling after the spinning ball, the 
 cry of "sticks," "you're off side, " "a goal, a goal," or perhaps one 
 betokening a hard hit shin, all combine to make a scene, beside which 
 foot ball, from the spectacular point of view, appears prosaic. 
 
 t^ 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 \ THE GAME OF LAWN HOCKEY tr^ 
 
 Xj AND ITS ADAPTABILITY TO ATHLETIC CLUBS Q 
 
 I AND THE YOUNG men's CHRISTIAN ASSOCIATION. I 
 
 BY M. I. FOSS 
 
 Captain Hockey Team, Class '99, Springfield Training School, 
 Champions for Three Years. 
 
 THE game of hockey finds its origin in ancient history, when the 
 Romans played with a stuffed leather ball, and, because of 
 the bent stick used to strike the ball, it has sometimes been 
 called Bandy Ball. The English people have played in this game 
 more than any other nation, and at one time it became such an en- 
 thusiastic sport and was played to such an extent, that it became a 
 public nuisance and a law was enacted forbidding the game, but the 
 law was soon repealed. A few years ago it was introduced into 
 America. 
 
 The game was introduced in the Sprinfield Training School by Dr. 
 McCurdy in the fall of 1896, and after a season of play the English 
 rules were adopted, and so far as we can learn, this school is the only 
 place in this country where the English game is played 
 
 The field on which the game is played is a little smaller than a 
 foot ball field, it being one hundred yards long and not more than 
 sixty nor less than fifty yards wide. The longer sides are known as 
 "side lines," and the shorter sides "goal lines." In the centre of 
 each goal line two upright posts shall be placed twelve feet apart, 
 with a cross bar seven feet from the ground, which shall constitute 
 the goals. The ball is an ordinary cricket ball. The stick is curved 
 j^tone end and must be small enough to pass through a ring two inches 
 in diameter. There should be eleven men on each side, but it may 
 be played by six or seven. The men take their names from the posi- 
 tion they play, viz.: three forwards, five rushes, two backs or guards 
 and one goal tend. When there are less than eleven men take out 
 first a forward, then two rushes, and a guard, and so on. 
 
 The following diagram will explain the best position of the men at 
 the beginning of the game : 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 
 
Spalding's athletic library. ii 
 
 Nos. 1 , 2 and 3 Advance Forwards. 
 
 No. 4 Forwards. 
 
 Nos. 5, 6 and 7 Forwards. 
 
 Nos. 8 and 9 Advance Guards. 
 
 No. 10 ; Guard. 
 
 No. II Goal Tend. 
 
 At the beginning of the game and after each goal, the ball is put in 
 play at the centre of the field, by what is known as the "bully," to be 
 played as follows : one of each side shall stand facing the side line 
 and shall strike the ground on his own side of the ball, and the stick 
 of his opponent over the ball alternately three times ; after which 
 either player may strike the ball, and the moment the ball is touched 
 it is in play. During this bully the players on either side shall be 
 ♦*on side," i. c, between the ball and his own goal line. 
 
 When the ball is put in play the "forwards" rush down the field 
 on their opponent's territory, and the "rushes," by a system of 
 diagonal passing, advance the ball past the rush line of their oppo- 
 nents, and endeavor to get the ball into the hands of the " forwards," 
 who should be inside or near the "striking circle." The "striking 
 circle " is made by drawing a line twelve feet long in front of each 
 goal, parallel to the goal line, and fifteen yards from it. The ends of 
 the line to be curved round to the goal lines, using each post as the 
 centre of the arc. This circle is the only place from which a goal 
 may be scored. The forwards now having possession of the ball, all 
 the rushes assist to pass the ball through the goal, if possible, which, 
 if accomplished, counts for them one point. The advance guards 
 Nos. 8 and 9 in diagram, should fall back a few paces behind the line 
 of scrimmage to return the ball, if the opponents get it past the other 
 rushes. The guard lies well back, and, as his name indicates, his 
 principal duty is to check any assault made on his goal. He should 
 never advance past the centre of the field, and always hold the same 
 relative position. He must be a sure hit, and never allow the ball to 
 pass him. He should also be able to make accurate long hits. It. 
 must be remembered that no definite place can be assigned each 
 player at all times of the game, as the position will vary with the 
 strength of the opposing team, or the individual members, the speed 
 of the men, etc. ; but each man on the team is tQ hold, as far as pos- 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 13 
 
 sible, his own relative position, which will enable the other members 
 of his team to pass the ball to him without taking time, which is valu- 
 able, to locate him. This will simplify matters, and team work be 
 made stronger and play more effective. The goal tend stands'firm, 
 never neglecting the space allotted to him between the goal posts, 
 and when the ball is forced to him, he kicks the ball (he being the 
 only person on the team allowed to kick the ball), or strikes it, plac- 
 ing it to one side so as to prevent the ball from passing the goal. In 
 no case when the ball is in the striking circle should it be allowed to 
 remain in front of the goal ; the defenders must use their skill and 
 agility and put it off to one side. 
 
 No player is allowed to raise his stick above his shoulders at any 
 time when striking at the ball, and the stroke must always be from 
 right to left. The ball may be stopped by any part of the person 
 but advanced by the stick only (except in case of goal tend). Hook- 
 ing sticks is allowable when within striking distance of the ball. 
 Great skill may be developed in hooking sticks, e. g., when an oppo- 
 nent has the advantage and is about to have a strong hit, one is often 
 able to hook his stick and allow another of his own side to take the 
 ball. Play with the back of the stick is not allowable. If during any 
 part of the game, the ball passes the side line, it must be rolled, not 
 thrown back, from the spot where it crossed the line, by one of the 
 opposite side to that of the player who last touched the ball. It may 
 be rolled any way except forward. 
 
 A '*free hit" shall be given to opposite side when any player shall 
 transgress any of the following rules : 
 
 1. Raise stick above shoulders during stroke. 
 
 2. Kicking ball (except goal tend). 
 
 3. Off-side play, i. e., when a player hits the ball and another 
 player of the same side is nearer his opponent's goal line than three 
 of his opponents. 
 
 4. Playing with back of stick. 
 
 5. Striking ball other than from right to left. 
 
 6. Pushing, tripping, collaring, kicking, charging, or any unneces- 
 sary rough play. 
 
 7. Fouling, i. e., crossing a man from left to right when he is 
 about to strike the ball. 
 
14 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 On a free hit no player of offending side shall be within five yards 
 of spot where hit is made, and the striker must not touch the ball 
 again until it has been touched by another player. 
 
 When the defending side transgress any of the above rules (except 
 Nos. I and 5), inside of the striking circle, a " penalty bully " shall 
 be given, at which time all players, except the offender and one from 
 the other side, shall be outside of striking circle, and the two shall 
 bully as at the centre, only no other player may interfere until a goal 
 has been scored or the ball passes outside of striking circle ; in the 
 event of the latter, the ball is again in play for all the players. 
 
 Breaking rules Nos. I and 5 by defendants inside of striking circle, 
 a "bully" only may be given. 
 
 When the ball passes the goal line outside of goal, by the stroke or 
 kick of defendants, a "free hit" shall be given from the corner 
 where the side and goal lines meet ; and, during this hit, all of the 
 defending side shall be back of goal line, and attacking side outside 
 of striking circle. If the attacking side puts the ball over goal line 
 outside of goal, it shall be a "bully" at the twenty-five yard line, to 
 be played same as bully at the centre. 
 
 The time of the game shall be two thirty-five minute halves, with 
 ten minutes intermission, subject to change if both sides are agreed. 
 
 Why an Association and Club Game* 
 
 The writer of this article wishes every director to consider the fol- 
 lowing reasons why, in his opinion, the game should be given a place 
 on the athletic schedule of every Young Men's Christian Association 
 and athletic club. 
 
 1. Any person who can run and has free use of his arms can play 
 the game ; and, as the Association seeks to develop the unskilful, 
 neglected man, rather than the one already well proportioned and 
 trained, this game is peculiarly suited to such men, while it neces- 
 sarily follows that the more skilful the player, the more interesting 
 the game. 
 
 2. It is an inexpensive game, as all the apparatus needed is a ball 
 and a curved stick for each man. The stick may be cut from a tree 
 and trimmed down to the regulation size, or it may be purchased 
 from any sporting house. Almost any field will do, simply mark out 
 
Spalding's athletic library. ig 
 
 roughly a rectangle and drive stakes tor goals. It is a splendid game 
 to play when on an "outing." 
 
 3. It is a true physical educator in the following respects : 
 
 (a) It develops endurance, as there is plenty of running ; and this 
 will also develop the capacity of the heart and lungs. It is a good 
 game to precede foot ball. 
 
 (b) Agility is improved. When one is surrounded by several oppo- 
 nents it takes little time to learn that the quickest striker has the 
 advantage. 
 
 (c) Self-control is also brought into action. The rules place certain 
 restrictions so as to allow no ungentlemanly or dangerous play, and 
 in this, as in all competitive sports, the temptation of unfairness often 
 meets the player, which if avoided, will not only assist his physical 
 make-up, but the whole man. 
 
 (d) Accuracy is developed to a remarkable degree. To be able to 
 strike the ball as you meet it from all sides, with a stick not more 
 than two inches in diameter, is one essential to a good player ; for to 
 take time to stop the ball with some part of the body before the stroke 
 is made, often means to lose the ball to an opponent, which accuracy 
 might have avoided. 
 
 (e) Speed is certain to be increased by the very nature of the game. 
 
 4. While it is always possible for accidents to occur, the danger in 
 hockey is reduced to a minimum. 
 
 5. Skill is not essential to any player. This gives at once to 
 hockey the advantage over other games, as for example, in lacrosse 
 one must be able to catch the ball in the lacrosse net before he can 
 begin to play ; in base ball the pitcher and catcher must have a cer- 
 tain amount of skill to make the game interesting, so also with minton, 
 tennis, and the other outdoor sports. 
 
 Rules for American Lawn Hockey. 
 
 J. H. MCCURDY. M.D. 
 
 I. The grounds shall be no yards long, and not more than 60 nor 
 less than 50 yards wide. They shall be inclosed by heavy white lines 
 marked with lime upon the ground. The longer sides shall be called 
 the side lines, the shorter the goal lines. 
 
i6 
 
 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 50 TO 60 YARDS 
 
 CENTER 
 
 LI NE 
 
 Diagram of Field of Play, American Lawn Hockey. 
 
Spalding's athletic library. i7 
 
 2. Striking Circle. From the centre of each goal line, within a 
 radius of 15 yards, shall be drawn an arc of a circle. The space 
 inclosed between this arc and the goal line shall be called the Striking 
 Circle. 
 
 3. The field of play shall be divided into two equal parts by a lime 
 line parallel to the goal lines. Lime lines shall be drawn 25 yards 
 from the goal lines and parallel to them. 
 
 4. The goals. The centre of the goal shall be in the centre of the 
 goal line. The goal shall consist of two upright posts 12 feet apart, 
 with a cross bar 10 feet from the ground. 
 
 5. The ball shall be an ordinary cricket ball. 
 
 6. Sticks. The sticks must be able to pass through a ring two 
 inches in diameter. They shall not be more than one inch thick. 
 They shall be of wood without metal fittings or sharp edges. 
 
 7. Clothing. The players shall not wear metal spikes in their 
 shoes, or any other hard substance which in the judgment of the 
 referee would injure any other player. 
 
 The game shall be played by two teams of eleven men each. The 
 players shall be called advance forwards, forwards ^ advance guards, 
 guards, Q.nd 2i goal tend. The c'aptains may change this number by 
 mutual agreement. 
 
 8. The officials shall be a referee and two umpires. The duties 
 of the referee : 
 
 (^z) He shall put the ball in play at the beginning of the game, and 
 whenever time has been called. He shall see that the grounds, ball, 
 sticks, and clothing, are according to regulation. He shall have the 
 power, after warning, to suspend a player because of rough play. 
 
 (^) He shall act as timekeeper, notifying the captains not less than 
 five nor more than ten minutes of the close of each half, giving the 
 number of minutes of remaining play. 
 
 {c) He shall decide all points not definitely covered in these rules, 
 but shall have no power to change decisions under the jurisdiction 
 of other officials. The referee shall suspend the game immediately 
 if a player is incapacitated. No delay shall continue for more than 
 two minutes. When play is resumed, the ball shall be bullied from 
 the spot where it was when time was called. 
 
 9. The umpires shall each judge independently. Each shall 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 
 
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SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. IQ 
 
 assume responsibility for one side and one goal line, and for half of 
 the field of play. They shall, however, judge on sticks over the 
 entire field, as divided in rule 3. They shall be judge of the position, 
 progress, and ownership of the ball in their respective halves of the 
 field. The umpires are responsible for the calling of all fouls and the 
 enforcement of all penalties for violation of rules. 
 
 10. The choice of goals shall be tossed for at the beginning of the 
 game by the captains. The teams shall change goals at half time. 
 Each half of the game shall occupy 35 minutes. Ten minutes inter, 
 mission shall be allowed between the halves of the game. The game 
 shall start by a bully (see rule 15, c and d) from the middle of the 
 field with all players on their own side of the ball. 
 
 11. A goal is scored when the ball has passed between the goal 
 posts, beneath the cross bar, and entirely over the goal line, provided 
 the ball has been struck by or glanced from the stick of a player or 
 person of a defender while within the striking circle. 
 
 12. The ball may be stopped with hand or any portion of the 
 body, but it must not be held, picked up, carried, kicked, knocked 
 on or back, except with the front of the stick, and then only from the 
 ground or below the knee. 
 
 Chargihg, tripping, kicking, collaring or shinning, shall not be 
 allowed. A player shall not go between the ball and his opponent 
 so as to obstruct him, nor cross him from the left so as to foul him. 
 If the player cross and touch the ball before touching his opponent, 
 no foul shall be called. 
 
 The goal keeper, except in a penalty bully (see rule 15, e), may kick 
 the ball while within the striking circle. He shall be named by his 
 captain at the commencement of the game. The goal keeper shall 
 not be changed until players and officials have been duly notified. 
 
 13. Off side. A player is off side if he is ahead of the ball when 
 it is hit by his partner unless there be at least three of his opponents 
 nearer their own goal line than himself. This rule shall not apply in 
 the striking circle provided the man was on side when the ball entered 
 the striking circle. He shall not play the ball, nor approach within 
 five yards, nor in any way interfere with any other player, until the 
 ball has been touched or hit by an opponent. 
 
 14. Sticks, All strokes in striking must be from right to left. 
 
20 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 The Stick must not during any portion of the stroke rise above th 
 shoulder. Participation in the game is allowable only when the 
 player has his stick in his hand. With a free hit intentional under- 
 cutting or raising the ball above the hips is not allowable. Fencing 
 or hooking sticks is allowable only when one of the players is within 
 striking distance of the ball. Hooking of an opponent is not allow- 
 able. The back of the stick shall not be used for stopping or striking 
 the ball. The back of the stick consists of the outer edge and right- 
 hand surface while held in striking position. 
 
 15. The bully and penalty bully are methods of putting the ball 
 in play either at the beginning of the game, after time has been called, 
 or after a foul. The bully is played as follows : 
 
 (a) All players must be on their own side of the ball ; that is, 
 between their own goal and the ball. 
 
 (b) All players except the man from each side acting as bully must 
 be at least five yards from the ball until it has been hit. 
 
 (c) Each player shall strike the ground on his own side of the ball 
 and his opponent's stick three times alternately. The ball shall then 
 be in play for these two men. After it has been hit by one of these 
 men, it shall then be in play for all. 
 
 (d) The two bullies shall standi facing the side lines, and in a 
 position to strike toward their opponent's goal. 
 
 (e) The penalty bully is given only for violation of Rule 12 made 
 by the defending side within their striking circle, this penalty bully 
 to be between the offender and one player selected by the other side. 
 All other players shall be outside striking circle. These two men 
 shall play the ball, without aid or hindrance from other players, until" 
 a goal has been scored, or the ball has been batted outside the striking 
 circle, when it shall be in play for all. Violation of this section shall 
 give a free hit to the ofifended side from the spot where the ball was 
 when the foul occurred. All bullies from breach of rules shall take 
 place on the spot where the breach occurs. 
 
 16. A free hit is given for all fouls except those made by the de- 
 fending side within their own striking circle, when a bully shall be 
 given, except for violation of Rule 12, which shall give penalty bully. 
 When a free hit is made, all members of the offending side shall be 
 at least five yards away. 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 21 
 
 17. Playing in from out of bounds. When the ball passes out over 
 the side lines, it shall be rolled in at right angles to side line or toward 
 goal of player rolling in. It shall be rolled in from the point where 
 it crossed the side line by one of the opposite side to that of the player 
 who last touched it. All players shall stand not less than five yards 
 from the player rolling in the ball. The player rolling in the ball 
 must be out of bounds, and shall not "again touch the ball until it has 
 been touched or hit by some other player. 
 
 When the ball is hit over the goal line, without scoring a goal, by 
 the attacking side, it must be brought into the field of play 25 yards 
 in a direction at right angles to the goal line from where it crossed 
 such line, and there "bullied." 
 
 If the ball glance off or is hit behind the goal line by one of the 
 defending side, the attacking side shall have a free hit from within 
 one yard of the nearest corner flag. At the time of sucli free hit, all 
 defenders must be behind their own goal line, and all the attacking 
 side outside the striking circle. The attacking side cannot score a 
 goal from such free hit until it has been touched or hit by the de- 
 fenders, or has been stopped dead on the ground by the attacking 
 side. 
 
Spalding's athletic libraky. 
 
 % SQUASH BALL. J^ 
 
 II d 
 
 SQUASH BALL is one of the more recent developments of the 
 general Lawn Tennis family. It appears that Fives originated 
 by playing a tennis ball with the hand against a wall on lines 
 laid out for a tennis court. This game is still used extensively. Later 
 on a wooden bat was used, and the game was called Bat Fives. 
 Subsequent evolution was in the development of a racket like a tennis 
 racket, excepting that it was lighter, weighing between nine and ten 
 ounces. Eventually side-walls, back-wall and a ceiling were added, 
 making an inclosed court. In this form it was called Rackets. Squash 
 Bali is played in a Racket court and is really a variation of that game. 
 It is growing rapidly in popularity, as courts are being built in our 
 leading athletic clubs and colleges. 
 
 There are a number of different ways of playing and scoring squash. 
 The style adopted in this book is one of the most practical and com- 
 monly used. 
 
 DEFINITIONS. 
 
 Ace — A point won and scored. 
 
 Courl The whole building in which the game is played. One may 
 
 speak of the right court or of the left court. 
 
 Service Line — A line painted on the front wall 8 feet from the 
 floor. 
 
 Tell Tale — A line painted on the front wall 2 feet 2 inches from 
 the floor. 
 
 Dividing Line — The line on the floor dividing the court into two 
 equal spaces. 
 
 Cross Court Lin»—K line across the court 23 feet from the back 
 wall. 
 
 Hand /w— The player who has the right of serving the ball. 
 
 Hand Out — The player who has to receive the service. 
 
 In Play — The ball is in play after being served until it has touched 
 the floor twice, or the player, or the board, or has gone out of court. 
 
 Out of Ccurt^K ball is out of court when it touches the roof, posts, 
 cushions, or js driven into the gallery. 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 2$ 
 
 The following Rules of Squash are already in quite general use in 
 this country. They are as published by T. H. Prosser & Sons, London. 
 
 The Rules of Squash. 
 
 1. The game to be 21 up. At 19 all, the out players may set .t to 
 5 ; and at 20 all, to 3, provided this be done before another ball 
 is struck. 
 
 2. The going in first, whether odds be given or not, to be decided 
 by spin; but one hand only is then to be taken. 
 
 3. The ball to be served alternately right and left, beginning 
 whichever side the server pleases. 
 
 4. In serving, the server must have one foot in the space marked 
 off for that purpose. The out player to whom he serves may stand 
 where he pleases, but his partner, and the server's partner must both 
 stand behind the server till the ball is served. 
 
 5. The ball must be served above, and not touching the line on 
 the front wall, and it must rtrike the floor before it bounds, within 
 and not touching the lines enclosing the court on the side opposite to 
 that in which the server stands. 
 
 6. A ball served below the line or to the wrong side is a fault, 
 but it may be taken, and then the ace must be played out and counts, 
 
 7. In serving, if the ball strikes anywhere before it reaches the 
 front wall, or if it touch the roof or the gallery, it is a hand out. 
 
 8. In serving, if a ball touch the server or his partner before it has 
 bounded twice it is a hand out, whether it was properly served or not. 
 
 9. Two consecutive faults put a hand out. 
 ■ 10. It is a fault — 
 
 (a) If the server is not in his proper place. 
 (d) If the ball is not served over the line. 
 (c) If it does not fall in the proper court. 
 The out player may take a fault if he pleases, but if he fails in 
 putting the ball up, it counts against him. 
 
 11. An out player may not take a ball served to his partner. 
 
 12. The out players may change their courts once only in each 
 game. 
 
24 
 
 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 "5'33'S 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 2$ 
 
 13. If a player designedly stop a ball before the second bound, it 
 counts against him. , 
 
 14. If a ball hit the striker's adversary above or on the knee, it is 
 a let ; if below the knee, or if it hits the striker's partner or himself, 
 it counts against the striker. 
 
 15. Till a ball has been touched, or has bounded twice, the player 
 or his partner may strike at it as often as they please. 
 
 16. Every player should get out of the way as much as possible. 
 If he cannot, the Marker is to decide if it is a let or not. 
 
 17. After the service, a ball going out of the court, or hitting the 
 roof or the gallery, in returning from the front wall, or if it hit the 
 roof before reaching the front wall, counts against the striker. 
 
 18. The Marker's decision is final; but if he has any doubts he 
 should ask advice, and if he cannot decide positively, the ace is to be 
 played over again. 
 
 Different styles of play and players can be suited by some one of 
 he varieties of the game described in the following rules of the game 
 of Squash. They have been abbreviated from the laws given in Mr. 
 Eustace H. Miles' * The Game of Squash," to be published by 
 Messrs. Appleton & Co., of New York. 
 
 Rules for the Single Game of Squash^ 
 
 IN A FOUR-WALLED OR THREE-WALLED COURT. 
 
 There are several sets of rules of Squash. The following rules are 
 common to all the sets : 
 
 1. The game is played with a ball, usually of india rubber, and a 
 racket, usually strung with gut. Hand-fives may be played with a 
 hand-ball, and the naked or gloved hands. 
 
 2. The spin of the racket, or of a coin, gives the winner the choice 
 of serving or not serving. 
 
 3. The serving player (A) must hit the ball direct onto the front- 
 wall, above the service line. If he fails to do so, /. e., if he hits the 
 ball onto the side-wall first, or below the service-line, one fault is 
 scored. Two faults in succession count as if A had lost the rally. 
 
 N. B. — (i) Some rules count one single fault in this way. (ii) Sorue 
 
26 Spalding's athletic library. 
 
 rules allow B to return the first serve if he likes. If he tries to do so, 
 then no fault is scored. 
 
 4. The second player (B) must return the ball onto the front wall, 
 above the tell-tale, before the ball has bounced twice. 
 
 5. The players then continue to return the ball alternately. 
 Whichever player first fails to hit the ball above the tell-tale before 
 the ball has bounced twice, or whichever player hits the ball onto 
 himself before it has bounced twice, loses the rally. 
 
 6. A rally shall also be lost by the player who hits the ball out of 
 court, i. <?., above the upper boundary line of the front wall or of 
 either side wall or of the back wall. 
 
 N.B. — (a) If there is a low back wall, a ball that hits above it 
 after bouncing once is scored as a "let" (see below), according to 
 some rules. If there is no back-wall, then a ball which goes beyond 
 the back-line is "out of court," as in lawn tennis. 
 
 (b) A ball hit onto a line counts as " not up," or as " out," i. e., it 
 counts against the striker. 
 
 LETS. 
 
 7. If one player (A or B) hits onto the other player (B or A) a ball 
 which would otherwise have gone " up," i. e., above the tell-tale and 
 not out of court, then the rally shall be*played over again. 
 
 8. If one player (say A) obstructs the other player, then this other 
 player (B) may claim a " let," i. e., may claim to play the rally over 
 again, provided that he (B) has not tried to take the ball. If he has 
 tried it, then, except in very extreme cases — B may not claim a "let." 
 
 N. B. — Much is left to the honor of the players ; they are not ex- 
 pected to obstruct on purpose, or to claim " lets " too freely. 
 
 We now come to the varieties in the rules. They depend partly on 
 the serving and partly on the way of counting the winning of a rally. 
 
 I. FIRST OR RACKETS' SCORING. 
 
 The game is won by whoever first scores 15 aces. 
 
 Setting — At 13-all, the loser of the previous point may choose 
 whether he will play the game straight on (e. g., 14-13), or whether 
 he will " set 3 " or "set 5." The two latter mean that a new little 
 game will be started to decide the large game, the new little game 
 being for 3 aces or for 5 aces. 
 
SPALDING^S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 27 
 
 After 14-all, the loser of the previous point may choose whether he 
 will play the game straight on, or whether he will "set 3." He is 
 not allowed to "set 5." 
 
 'The Alatch is generally for the best 3 out of 5 games, unless 
 arranged otherwise. 
 
 Handicaps usually consist of aces, given to the weaker player, who 
 has a start, e. g., of 7 aces, beginning the game at "7-0, "or "7-love," 
 instead of "0-0," or "love-all." 
 
 Service — A begins serving from whichever side of the court he pre- 
 fers, e. g-., bd. (see diagram). Each player may choose his side for 
 his first service. 
 
 A must have at least one foot behind the cross-court line ; the other 
 foot may be on the line or behind the line. 
 
 A serves direct onto the front-wall and above the service-line, and 
 hence into the opposite side of the court (a or c). His next service, 
 if he serves again before he is " put out," will be from a c into b or d. 
 
 (i) In Rackets the service must pitch (first bounce) into c or d, the 
 back sections. 
 
 (ii) In Squash the service may often pitch (first bounce) into a or b, 
 the front sections. 
 
 Players must arrange beforehand as to which method they will 
 adopt, as the difference between (i) and (ii) is considerable. 
 
 After A has scored, B tries to return the ball, before it has bounced 
 twice, above the tell-tale, but not onto or above the boundary-lines ; 
 then A tries to return it, and so on, till either A or B loses the rally 
 (see above). 
 
 If A, the server, wins the rally, then he scores one ace (" i-o," or 
 "l-love"). If B, the non-server, wins the rally, then he goes in to 
 serve; and if B, the server, wins the next rally, then he scores one 
 ace ; and so on, till one player reaches 15 aces. 
 
 II. SECOND SCORING, OR RACKETS' SCORING 
 REVERSED. 
 The rules here are exactly the same, up to where A has served, and 
 the first rally is won and lost. 
 
 If A wins it, then A, the server, does not score an ace — a server can 
 never score an ace — but B now serves. 
 
28 Spalding's athletic library. 
 
 If A wins again, then A scores an ace ('«i-o,"or "i-love"). B goes 
 on serving until he wins a rally ; fhen A serves, and B has a chance of 
 scoring an ace. 
 
 III. THIRD SCORING, OR THE EQUAL SERVICES GAME. 
 
 This scoring was invented by Mr. Eustace H. Miles. 
 
 In this way of scoring, every rally which is won counts as an ace to 
 the winner. 
 
 A serves two services, one from each side of the court, according to 
 either set of rules (see I (i) or (ii). 
 
 Then B serves two services, similarly ; and so on, the players serv- 
 ing alternately until one of them has scored 15 aces. 
 
 N. B. — The first server, if Rule I (i) is chosen, i. e., if the service 
 is to pitch (first bounce) into one of the back sections of the court, 
 should only be allowed one service. 
 
 IV. FOURTH OR LAWN TENNIS SCORING. 
 
 A serves for one game, scoring as in lawn tennis, except that it is 
 better to have "vantage-all" and then a single point to decide the 
 game, than to have "deuce," "vantage," "deuce," " vantage," in- 
 definitely. 
 
 B serves for the next game ; and so on, until either A or B has 
 scored the set of 6 games. 
 
 If " 5 games all " is reached, it may be better to play " deuce and 
 vantage games," but to have "vantage-all" if the players score 6 
 games all, and then to let a single game decide the set. 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29 
 
 ^ TETHER BALL. 
 
 THE origin of games is a history of the development cf one game 
 from another. Thus, we have continuous records extending 
 back to the old Roman period of games played with rackets. 
 Out of the original crude forms have developed the higher, as seen in 
 the highly differentiated forms of Pelota in Spain, and Court and 
 Lawn Tennis in England. A new game recently developed out of 
 Lawn Tennis is Tether Ball. One of the difficulties in connection 
 with practicing the strokes in Lawn Tennis is the obvious one of the 
 recovering the balls that have been driven. Accordingly, it occurred 
 to some bright individual that the ball might be tethered from an up- 
 right post, The ball upon being struck almost inevitably tended to 
 wind the string that held it around the pole. It was but a step beyond 
 this to the production of a game — two individuals standing on opposite 
 sides of a pole, each endeavoring to wind the ball around the pole in 
 different directions. Thus, we have the popular game of Tether Ball. 
 The step formulating the rules defining heights, distances, and the 
 like, is the remaining one necessary. It is made in the following 
 article. 
 
 The great advantage of the game is the limited space demanded by 
 the sport — a piece of ground twenty feet square is sufficient. There 
 are no balls to chase, no expensive net or back-stop to be erected, no 
 exasperating waits looking for the ball, no close decisions for the um- 
 pire as to whether the ball was in or out ; the game is rapid, interest- 
 ing, inexpensive, limited in area demanded, can be played by women 
 as well as by men. These elements account for its popularity, and 
 warrant a belief that it will become still more popular. 
 
 Rules of Tether Tennis* 
 
 THE POLE. 
 
 I. The pole shall be an upright wooden pole, standing lo feet 
 out of the ground. It must be in a vertical position and firmly em- 
 
30 
 
 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 TETHER BALL 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 31 
 
 bedded in the earth so as not to vibrate. The pole shall be 7% inches 
 in circumference at the ground ; it may taper towards its upper end. 
 There shall be a black band 2 inches broad painted around the 
 pole 6 feet above the ground. 
 
 THE COURT. 
 
 2. The court may be any smooth piece of ground, either grassed 
 or not. It must be free from all obstructions. A circle shall be 
 drawn about the pole on the ground having a 3-foot radius. A 
 straight line 20 feet long shall bisect the circle, dividing the court 
 into two sections, as per diagram. Six feet from the pole at right 
 angles to and on each side of the line of division, there shall be two 
 plainly marked crosses. They are to be known as the service crosses. 
 
 THE ball. 
 
 3. The ball shall be a championship tennis ball, having a strong 
 linen tight-fitting cover. It shall be fastened to a string with a ring 
 made of linen cord. No metal shall be used on the ball. The ball 
 shall be suspended from the top of the pole by a piece of heavy braided 
 fish-line. The cord must allow the ball to hang 7% feet ; thus, when 
 hanging at rest, it will be 2% feet from the ground. 
 
 THE GAME. 
 
 4. (i) The game shall be played by two opponents who shall toss 
 rackets for court. The loser shall have service. 
 
 (2) The game shall be started by the service. This shall be done 
 from the centre of each person's court at the point marked with a 
 cross. 
 
 (3) The ball may be struck in any manner with the racket in the 
 direction before agreed upon, the endeavor being to wind the string 
 upon the pole above the black line. The ball may be hit but once. 
 It must then go into the opponent's court. A violation of this is a 
 foul. 
 
 (4) The winner of the toss shall determine in which direction he 
 will endeavor to wind the ball. His opponent must then endeavor to 
 prevent his winding the ball in that direction, and must endeavor to 
 wind it in the opposite direction. 
 
 (5) Each player must keep wholly within his own court. This in- 
 cludes his arm and his racket. He must not step on or over the circle 
 about the pole. A violation of this rule constitutes a foul. 
 
32 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 (6) If the string winds around the handle of the racket of one ^f 
 the players, this is a foul. In case the string winds about the pole 
 below the black mark, this counts a foul on the person in whose favor 
 the string is wound. 
 
 (7) Penalty for all fouls is a free hit by the opponent from the ser- 
 vice cross. 
 
 (8) If in taking the ball for service, it must be either wound or un- 
 wound on the pole a half turn in order to reach the other side, it shall 
 be unwound. 
 
 (g) The game is won when the string has been completely wound 
 up on the pole above the black line. 
 
 (lo) The person winning the majority out of eleven games wins the 
 set. 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 33 
 
 tJ n 
 
 1 7u GOLF-CROQUET Ji 
 
 LU II 
 
 Golf-Croquet is designed to utilize the favorite strokes of drives in 
 golf, but on a moderate sized lawn. The controlling features of the 
 game are: First — A good estimation of distance and force required 
 to cover that distance. Second — Accuracy in driving a ball over the 
 grass or lifting it through the air to clear obstacles. 
 
 The course on any lawn or field depends on the shape of the place, 
 and is marked, first, by wickets or arches, similar to those used in 
 croquet, and second, by numbered flags. No account need be taken 
 of the actual distances between these wickets, it being better to have 
 them unsymmetrical or varying, A spot or tree must be chosen near 
 the centre of the lawn and, in placing the wickets they must face this 
 centre, as all shots made through wickets are towards the centre. 
 
 The wickets should also be placed so that the next one in sequence 
 is in pl^-in view of the last one passed; that is, No. 3 must be seen 
 from No. 2, and No. 4 from No. 3, etc. 
 
 The game consists of as many wickets as you are able to emplace; 
 usually eight, but, as in golf, you may have less,, and go over the 
 course twice to a game. 
 
 It may either be played to count only the total number of strokes 
 necessary to get through all the wickets, in which case, the player 
 having made the least number of strokes and passed through all the 
 wickets, is the winner; or it may be played by wickets, in which 
 event the wicket is given to tlie player who makes it in the least 
 number of strokes and, where equal, no score for that wicket is taken 
 by either player. The first method of play is called '■'All Strokes;''* 
 the second '■'■All Wickets ^ 
 
 The balls used are of wood, 2| inches in diameter, light and tough, 
 the object being to get force and speed without much momentum and 
 to be sure that they will float. These balls do not last long, but are 
 cheap and easily replaced, besides which, the mallet or club lasts 
 much better. 
 
 The mallets designed for the game are different from the croquet 
 mallets, having longer handles and a bevel so arranged on one end of 
 
34 
 
 SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 V 
 
 N»y.^ 
 
 Diagram of Field of Play, Golf-Croquet 
 
Spalding's athletic library. 35 
 
 the mallet that it will lift the ball clear of the turf, and drive it in 
 the direction of the prolongation of the axis of the mallet head. 
 
 The advantages claimed for this game are: 
 
 First — Any shaped lawn may be utilized, and without much prepar- 
 ation; a few yards near the wicket levelled off is all that is necessary. 
 
 Second — Only one club is necessary and no assistants or "caddies." 
 
 Third — The ball is cheap and not easily lost. 
 
 Fourth — The outfit is portable and little science or time is neces- 
 sary to lay out the course. 
 
 Fifth — The wickets being removable, there is no disfiguration of 
 the lawn. 
 
 Sixth — One gets quite the same exercise as in golf, and the accur- 
 ate play of croquet is fairly well retained in the passage of the 
 wickets. The same element of luck also comes in. 
 
 To play the game: 
 
 It may be played by two or four people, and those having started 
 over the course, more may start without confusion. Presuming there 
 are two players, "A" and "B," « 'A" starts by placing the ball on the place 
 chosen for the start, and carefully estimating the distance, endeavors 
 to send his ball as close as possible to the first wicket; this is stroke 
 I for "A." "B" then follows with his stroke I. Now going to where 
 their balls are, the one farthest from the wicket plays stroke 2, and if 
 he is still the farthest away, he playsstroke 3, but if stroke 2 carries 
 him closer than his opponent, the opponent plays his stroke 2. This 
 is continued until both players get through the wicket, the number 
 of strokes necessary being carefully kept by each. If a player can 
 strike with his ball the other ball, his stroke is free, and not counted. 
 The other ball can be replaced or left, and he can either play from 
 where the ball lies or take it to any spot within the radius of a mallet's 
 head from the ball struck. In no case can he assume to have passed 
 through a wicket. In playing with four players, two play as part- 
 ners, like in golf, using one ball, and alternating strokes. 
 
 Having passed through the first wicket, the others are made in like 
 manner, counting all strokes made, first for each wicket and second 
 for all wickets. The player having the least number of aggregate 
 strokes, wins the game, if the game be "All Strokes," and the player 
 winning the majority of wickets, wins the game, if the game be "All 
 Wickets." 
 
3^ Spalding's athletic library. 
 
 Rules for Golf-Cfoquct 
 
 1. Settle upon some spot as the CENTRE of the lawn (or ground) 
 to be used. 
 
 2. Place the wickets so that they face the centre of the lawn. Ali 
 strokes through wickets are made tozuards the centre. 
 
 3. In placing the wickets it is necessary that the next wicket in 
 sequence be plainly in sight, indicated by a flag if distance be great. 
 
 4. The play is carried along alternately until near a wicket, when 
 the ball farthest off (or the one out of position for going through the 
 wicket), continues the play. 
 
 5. In counting total strokes, and not wickets, the least total wins 
 the game. This is the ordinary game called "All Strokes." 
 
 6. The game, by wickets, is played by competing in number of 
 strokes for each wicket until one or the other passes the wicket, then 
 start afresh for the next wicket. Even strokes at any wicket serves 
 to halve it, as in golf. This is called "All Wicket " game. 
 
 7. If a ball strikes another ball, the player is entitled to the stroke 
 free; that is, the stroke is not counted in his score, and he plays 
 again ^/ <?«r^. It may be played either from where it lies or within 
 the length of a mallet head from tlie ball struck. 
 
 8. When a ball is struck by another, it may be replaced or left 
 where knocked, at the pleasure of the owner, who must decide at 
 once. See second sentence of Rule 7. 
 
 9. Count must be kept of the number of strokes necessary to make 
 (or go through) each wicket, unless playing un.^ter Rule 6. 
 
 10. Should a ball become entrapped in a hole or puddle where it is 
 impossible to handle it with a mallet, it maybe lifted out; the player, 
 then, with his back to the centre, throws the ball over his shoulder 
 and counts up two (2) strokes on his score. 
 
 11. With a ball out of bounds or in a hedge, it may be thrown by 
 hand toward the centre, counting up two strokes to the player. 
 
 12. All strokes count, whether the player hits the ball or misses it. 
 
 13. //", on the drive from any wicket, a player should split the ball 
 so badly as to render it erratic in flight, he may start over from the 
 wicket last passed with a new ball. 
 
 14. Rule 13 refers to the first stroke from a v/icket, if, however, 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 37 
 
 the ball be split on a subsequent stroke, he must continue to play that 
 ball (or the larger portion of it), until he passes his next wicket, 
 when he may take a new ball. 
 
 15. The first stroke from each wicket is begun from any point 
 within the raaius of six (6) feet from that wicket. Tliis rule is gen- 
 eral, whether playing "All Strokes" or "All Wickets." 
 
 16. In playing with four, each pair uses one ball, alternating their 
 shots. If with three players, each takes a ball, and the play is com- 
 petitive for each wicket. 
 
 17. The favorite handicap with three players is, for the best player 
 to beat both the others; that is, either player of the two winning a 
 wicket, wins for both, like "best ball" in golf. 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 TETHER TENNIS GAME 
 
 THIS g.ime w.is origin. illy introduced for the purpose of prjcticing vnrious 
 sTokes .11 l.iiwn Tennis. It has now developed into d game having special 
 nierils of Its own The implements consist of an upright pole standing 9 
 1)1- 10 (eet out of the ground, having a line marked round the pole 6 feet irom the 
 ground Att.iched to the top of the pole is a piece of cord, at the end of which is 
 (asiened a L.iwn Tenms ball. A line is drawn on the ground > feet from the pole 
 on opposite sides ol it The players stand outside this line using an ordinary Lawn 
 Tennis racket. The game is to wind the cord, with the ball attached, round the 
 pole .ind .ibove the line 
 
 The game is usu.illy started by tossing (or service. The winner then takes the 
 ball in his hand and with the racket drives it round the pole, the opponent Slops 
 the progress of the ball and endeavors to drive it back again and round the pole in 
 ihe opposite direction. The player getting the ball round the pole and above the 
 line wins the g.irpe A set is usually the best of eleven games The service may 
 cither be t.iken allernafely or continuously until the server loses a game. This 
 game may be played in any garden having an area of about 6 s::jjare yards. 
 
 No. I. Tether Tennis Ban .ind Cord. . . SI.OO 
 
 No. 2. I'ole for Tether Tennis, 1 .50 
 No. 3. Marking Ropes (or circle and dividing 
 
 line, wiih staples. Per set, '•• 
 
 --C^^^^FSZ^- 
 
 ..,rt=f!s=iia. 
 
 LAWN HOCKEY 
 
 THIS game is of recent introduction, and has become o.uite popular 
 abroad It is bound to meet with great favor in this country as it 
 may be played by both sexes Owing to the larger number en- 
 gaged at one time, eleven to a side, it affords to a greater degree all the 
 enjoyable sgcial features of Lawn Tennis. 
 
 Lawn Hockey is an elaboration of " shinny on your own side," and 
 consequently will be quickly understood and appreciated by the boys 
 .IS well as the girls. 
 
 LAWN HOCKEY STICKS 
 
 No. IL. Spalding s Regulation 
 Metal Slick. Ash head, with large 
 all-cane handle, and wound, 
 selected quality, $4.00 
 Mo 2L. Spalding s Regulation 
 P.actice Slick. Ash head, all 
 cane wound handle, trille smaller 
 than in our No. i L. $3.0(0 
 No. 3L. Spalding s Praciice Stick. 
 All ash. with wound handle. 
 $2.00 
 GOAL POSTS 
 No. 16. Goal Posts, complete with 
 guy ropes and pegs, 
 $4.00 
 
 LAWN HOCKEY BALLS 
 
 No 9. Spalding's Official Lawn 
 Hockey Ball. $3.00 
 
 No II. Spalding's Amateur Law.n 
 Hockey Ball, $2,50 
 
 No 13. Spalding's Practice Lawn 
 Hockey Ball, $1.50 
 
 riARKING FLAGS 
 
 No 15. Bunting (lag, with 7-fl. 
 staff, to mark off the four corners 
 of the field, « 1 .00 
 
 RULES OF LAWN HOCKEY 
 
 Revised to date, lOc. 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 Catalogue of all Athletic Sports Fret. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 
 
 (Incorporated) 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 PENVER 
 
Spalding's athletic library, 
 
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 rr. 
 
 Game of Roque 
 Complete Sets 
 
 Expert Set — consisting of four expert mallets, made in 
 accordance with League regulations; four gutta percha 
 balls, regulation size, and guaranteed unbreakable; ten 
 hard wood sockets nicely finished; ten steel wire irches, 
 frosted finish, a book of rules. All put up in handsomely 
 finished box with brass clasp and padlock. 
 
 No, IX. Set Complete, $50.00 
 
 We shall also make up a cheaper set and are prepared to 
 furnish mallets and balls separate. Prices on application. 
 
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 THE SPALDING 
 
 H. VARDON 
 
 GOLF CLUBS. 
 
 We have duplicated 
 Mr. Vardon's entire 
 set of clubs from 
 models furnished 
 exclusively to us. 
 They will be in- 
 spected under Mr. 
 Vardon's supervision, and great care will be 
 taken to have every club just right. The 
 finish will be of the very best, and every club 
 will be stamped with Mr. Vardon's fac-simile 
 signature. 
 
 catalogue of all athletic sports free. 
 
 A. Q. SPALDINQ & BROS. 
 
 4^aAMf Ih^ 
 
 (P^tX^ 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 (Incorporated) 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVER 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 
 
 No. 40 Croquet Set 
 
 4 mallets, q-inch persimmon he.ids, J4-inch hickory 
 handles, threaded to head, painted red, blue, white and 
 bl.ick. and coat of varnish; 4 Balls, dogwood, painted 
 solid red. blue, white and black, and varnished; 2 
 Stakes, ejstr.i heavy, painted red, blue, white and black, 
 and varWshed, 10 Wickets, extia heavy sleel wi're. 
 j.ipanned white; 20 Sockets for Wickets, 1 Copy Rules 
 
 No 40. Complete, in box, $8.00 
 N0./2O Croquet Set 
 
 8 M.nllets. 8-inch maple heads, 24-inch ash handle.*, 
 glued To head, nicely varnished; 8 Balls, maple, painted 
 solid red. blue, black, white, green, purple, yellow and 
 brcrwn, .ind varnished, 2 Stakes, varnished; 10 Wickets, 
 japanned while; 20 Sockets for Wickets; i Copy Rules. 
 I Bo;(, hinged cover. 
 
 No. 20. Complete, in box. $6.00 
 
 No. 50 Croquet Set 
 
 Consisting of 4 Mallets, 9-inch persimmon neads, 
 leather cap on one end, plated bands, 24-inch hickory 
 handles, threaded, head and handle extra fine finish; 4 
 lis, dogwood, nicely painted solid red, blue, white 
 and blick and extra coat of varnish; 2 Stakes, extra 
 heivy head and foot stake, nicely painted red, blue, 
 uhite and black, and extra coat of varnish; to Wickets, 
 xin heavy steel wire, nicely japanned whiter 20 Sockets 
 kr Wickets, i Copy Rules. 
 
 No 50. Complete, in box, $l2.0O 
 
 No. 30 Croquet Set 
 
 4 Mallets, 8-inch. persimmon heads, 24-inch hickory 
 handles, glued to head, nicely painted red, blue, white 
 and black, and varnished; 4 Maple Balls, nicely painted 
 solid red, blue, white and black, and varnished'; 2 
 St.ikes, painted red, blue, white and black, 10 Wickets, 
 stefl wire, japanned white, 20 Sockets for Wickets; i 
 Copy Rules. 
 
 No 30. Complete, in box, $6.00 
 
 No. 10 Croquet Set 
 
 4 Mallets, 8-inch maple .heads, 24-inch ash handles, 
 glued to head, nicely varnished; 4 Balls, maple, painted 
 solid red. blue, white and black, and varnished, 2 
 Stakes, varnished, 10 Wickets, japanned white; 20 
 Sockets for Wickets, i Copy Rules. 
 
 No, JO. Complete, in box, $4.00 
 
 Mallets 
 
 PersiiTiiTion he.ids, leather cap on one end. plated 
 bands, hickory handle, thre.idcd. finely polished, packed 
 in box, with 12-inch handle. 
 
 No. 16. Mallet, $2.50 
 
 Persimmon head, hickory handle, either 18 or i4-inch, 
 
 threaded and finely finished. 
 
 No. 17. Maljet. $(.50 
 
 Dogwood head, hickory handle, either 18 or 24-inch, 
 
 glued to head, nicely linished. 
 
 No 14. Mallet, $1.00 
 
 Balls 
 
 Made of gutta pe'rcha, warranted unbreakable, painted 
 solid red, blue, white and black, regulation size and 
 weight, packed in box. 
 
 No. (B. Per set of 4. $ J 0.00 
 
 Maple Kills, painted solid red, blue, white and black, 
 
 .md varnished, packed in box. 
 
 No. 3B. Per set of four, $1 .25 
 
 St^es 
 
 Heavy Stakes, head stake painted red, blue white, 
 
 black, green, purple, yellow and brown, and varnished. 
 
 No. 2. Per pair. 75c. 
 
 Wiclcets 
 
 Heavy steel wire, heavily japanned white, packed in box. 
 
 No. I. Per set often, $1.25 
 
 Cataloeot of all Athletic Sports Fret. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 (Incorpcraled) 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVER 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 A. J. REACH CO. 
 
 PHILADELPHIA 
 
 Manufacturers of 
 
 Foot Ball 
 Base Ball 
 Boxing Gloves 
 Athletic Goods 
 
 SEND FOR CATALOGUE 
 
 A. J. REACH CO. 
 
 TULIP AND PALMER STREETS 
 
 PHILADELPHIA, PA. 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 WOODGOie^B^ 
 
 ALL STYLES, EACH, $1.50 
 
 flRE made by Scotch and English club makers and are entirely hand- 
 made. The heads are made from the very best selected and seasoned- 
 dogwood, persimmon and compressed hickory; The compressed dobs are 
 faced with or without the very best English leather, as preferred. The shafts 
 are made from the very best selected Al white, second-growth hickory, well 
 seasoned. These clubs are guaranteed perfect as to shape, lie and weights, 
 while the finish is the best. 
 
 BULGERS 
 
 DRIVERS 
 
 STRAIGHT FACED BULGERS 
 
 BAPS 
 
 LONG SPOONS 
 
 MEDIUM SPOONS 
 
 SHORT SPOONS 
 
 PUTTERS 
 
 BRASSIE BULGERS 
 BRASSIE DRIVERS 
 STRAIGHT FACED 
 
 BRASSIE BULGERS 
 BRASSIE BAPS 
 BRASSIE NIBLICKS 
 BRASSIE SPOONS 
 BAFFY SPOONS 
 
 ■■ "THE SPALDINQ" trade we make ■■ enillefs variety ef patterns of either wood or Iron, 
 which we keep at all tlmefl In stock, a few of which we give above. We can al50 duplicate any 
 special patterns In any quantity within ten dayi. 
 
 tbe ''Spaldtiid'' One-Ptece €lub$ 
 
 No. J, Driver, Each, $2.00 
 No. 2. Brassie, " 2.00 
 
 UNBREAKABLE FEATURE. OF SPALDING CLUBS 
 \A/E wish to draw particular attent}«tt 'fo ifie unbreakable quality of our 
 ' ' clubs. It is an impossibility to 'bvBit.^em at the neck. We have 
 been experimenting for a long time and have disoovered a process which, 
 although it increases the cost of making a head nearly 50 per cent., leaves 
 it practically unbreakable. If placed in a vise and repeatedly struck with 
 a hammer the neck can be bent over, and by twisting back and forth can 
 be separ.ited from the head, but it is impossible to break one with any 
 kind of a direct blow. In a recent test made by a well-known professional, 
 it required all his strength with a large- hammer to bend the neck sufficient 
 to separate it from the head. 
 
 Catalogue of all Athletic Sports Free. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 
 
 NEW YOMC 
 
 (Incorporated) 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVER 
 
SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 
 
 SPALDING^S TENNIS RACKETS 
 
 THE"SLOCUM- M THE "SPALDING ' 
 
 - THE "SPALDING " No. 13™ 
 
 THE "SPALDING "-Cane Handle 
 
 New Model. Frame, finest quality white ash. handsomely polished, sirmgmg. finest quality imported gut. 
 rosewood throat-piece, sphced cane handle extending through throat-piece, giving additional strength and driving 
 power Hand-made throughout, of finest possible workmanship as indicated by our special trade-mark, indicating 
 highest quality No 13. Each. $7.00 
 
 THE "SPALDING"— Combed Mahogany Handle 
 
 New Model Frame, finest quuJity white ash. handsomely polished, stringing, finest quality imported gut. 
 This racket is hand-made throughout , all work, material and finish of highest quality obtainable, as indicated by 
 Our special trade-mark, indicating highest quality 
 
 No 14. Each. $6.0O 
 
 THE "SLOCUM TOURNAMENT" 
 
 Finest white ash frame, sinnging of best onental white eui, oak throat-piece, antique finish, polished mahogany 
 
 handle, finely checkered, leather capped. 
 
 No. II. Each. $5.00 
 
 THE "SLOCUM" 
 
 Frame of selected wnit^ ash, white onental "B " main strings and red cross strings, oak throat-piece, antique 
 
 .finish . cedar or cork handle, polished and checkered leather capped. 
 
 No. 9. Cedar Handle. Each. $4.00 
 
 No. 9C. Cork Handle, 4.50 
 
 THE "SLOCUM JUNIOR" 
 
 Frameoffine white ash, polished walnut throat-piece, checkered cedar handle and strung with all white onental gut. 
 No. 8. The •• Slocum Junior " Racket. Each. $3.00 
 
 Catalog:ue of all Athletic Sports Free. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVER 
 
SPALDINCS ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 
 
 XLbc Silvertown (5olt Ball 
 
 
 Size 27 1-2 
 
 Selected quality^horouehly seasoned 
 
 The •Silveriown " Ball is almost exclusively used on the principal links of Scotland and Englana, and i* 
 iinivers;illy conceded the best ball made. Constructed of pure gutia percha. and by a process known only to the- 
 manufacturers, n combmes not only uniformity of weight and resiliency, but extreme durability and perfection of 
 flight. These essentials of a perfect Golf Ball are not so happily combined in any other make, and have justly 
 earned for it a reputation not only at the home of the golfers, but in every country where the ancient game is 
 piaytd. We have the exclusive control of this ball for the United Slates, and guarantee each ball furnished by us to 
 be of selected quality and thoroughly seasoned. None the genuine "Silvertown " Ball unless embossed with trade- 
 mark 'roi""" as shown in ciiu 
 
 No. 4. Per dozen, $4.00 
 
 Zbc Spalbing (3olf JSalls 
 
 Made of Dest gutia, and thoroughly 
 seasoned; uniform in weight and 
 perfect in flight. 
 
 Spalding's •'Usga" Ball 
 Per doz., $3.75 
 
 Spalding"s "Bramble" Ball 
 Per doz., $3.75 
 
 We can furnish, at all times, any quantity of the above balls perfectly seasoned. Other makes in stock, bui 
 owing to fluctuating prices, we quote on application only. 
 
 Cataiogue oi all Athletic Sports Free. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 (Incorporated) 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVER 
 
SPALDING'S Athletic Library 
 
 2. Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells. 
 
 4. How to Become a Boxer. [Campbell. 
 
 6. How to Phy Lawn Tennis. By Champion 
 
 9. The Athlete's Guide. How to Run, Sprint, 
 Jump, Walk, and Throw Weights. 
 
 12. Association Foot Ball. 
 
 13. Hand Ball. 
 
 14. Curling. 
 
 16. Skating. A very practical book. By Champion 
 
 18. Fencing. [Geo. D. Phillips. 
 
 20. Cricket Guide. By Geo. Wright. 
 
 21. Rowing. By E. J. Giannini, Champion Amateur 
 23. Canoeing. By C. Bowyer Vaux. [Oarsman. 
 2.5. Swimming. By Walter G. Douglas. 
 
 26. How to Play Foot Ball. By Walter Camp. 
 
 27. College Athletics. By M. C. Murphy. [son. 
 
 29. Exercising with Pulley Weights. H. S. Ander- 
 
 30. How to Play Lacrosse. By W. H. Corbett. 
 32. Practical Ball Playing. By Arthur A. Irwin. 
 37. All Around Athletics 
 
 39. Lawn Bowls. By Henry Chadwick. 
 
 40. Archery. By James S. Mitchel. 
 42. How to Use the Punching Bag. 
 
 55. Sporting Rules ; for discus throwiiig, etc. 
 
 58. Bowling. Latest rules and regulations. 
 
 62. Military Cycling in the Rocky Mountains. By 
 
 Lieut. James A. Moss, U. S. A. 
 
 66. Technical Terms of Base Ball. 
 
 72. Physical Training Simplified. No Apparatus. 
 
 74. Official Ice Hockey Rules; portraits and records. 
 
 77. Wrestling. 
 
 82. How to Train Properlv 
 
 84. The Care of the Body. 
 
 87. Athletic Primer. How to make athletic tracks. 
 
 88. Official Roller Polo Guide. 
 
 91. Warman's Indian Club E.xercises. 
 
 92. Official A. A. U. Rules. 
 
 96. Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. 
 
 102. Ground Tumbling. [Walter Camp. 
 
 103. Official Foot Ball Guide for 1899. Edited by 
 
 104. The Grading of Gymnastic Exercises. 
 
 105. Official Basket Ball Guide for 1899-1900 
 
 106. Rules for Basket Ball for Women. 
 
 107. Athletic Almanac. 
 
 108. Indoor Base Ball. 
 
 109. Official Bicycle Guide. 
 
 110. Spalding's Official Base Ball Guide. 
 
 111. Spalding's Lawn Tennis Annual. 
 
 112. OfficiafRowing Guide. 
 
 113. Official Roque Guide. 
 
 114. Official Golf Guide. 
 
 115. Official Inter-Collegiate Handbook. 
 
 116. Tether Ball, Lawn Hockey, and Squash Ball. 
 
 PRICE, 10 CENTS PER COPY, POSTPAID. 
 
 American Sports Publishing Co., 
 
 16 & 18 PARK PLACE, NEW YORK. 
 
 Numbers omitted on above list are back numbers of books which have been 
 republished and brought up to date. 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 
 
 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC GOODS 
 ARE STANDARD OF QUALITY 
 AND OFFICIALLY RECOGNIZED 
 AS SUCH BY THE LEADING 
 GOVERNING BODIES, WHO IN- 
 VARIABLY ADOPT SPALDING'S 
 GOODS AS THE BEST MADE 
 
 THE SPALDING 
 OFFICIAL 
 
 Intercollegiate Foot Ball 
 
 League Base Ball 
 
 Gaelic Foot Ball 
 
 Association Foot Ball 
 
 Basket Ball 
 
 Indoor Base Ball 
 
 Polo Ball 
 
 Boxing Gloves 
 
 Athletic Implements 
 
 Spalding's 
 
 Illustrated 
 
 Catalogue 
 
 Fall and Winter 
 
 Spom 
 
 Mailed 
 free to 
 any address 
 
 jff« 6« %^Mm $ Bros. 
 
 new VorK 
 
 CMcado 
 
 Denver 
 
SPALDING S ATHLETIC L] 
 
 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS 
 
 j 005 900 842 % 
 
 SPALDING'S OFFICIAL 
 ATHLETIC GOODS 
 
 ARE STANDARD OF QUALITY, AND ARE RECOGNIZED 
 AS SUCH BY ALL THE LEADING ORGANIZATIONS CON- 
 TROLLING SPORTS, WHO INVARIABLY ADOPT SPALD- 
 ING'S GOODS AS THE BEST THAT CAN BE MADE. 
 
 ONE STANDARD 
 OF QUALITY IN 
 ATHLETIC 
 GOODS.-. .-. 
 
 THE.-. .-. .-. .-. 
 SPALDING 
 OUR EXCLUSIVE 
 TRADE-MARK 
 
 OFFiaAL LEAGUE BASE BALL ,^ OFnCIAL IN- 
 TERCOLLEGIATE FOOT BALL ^ OFFICIAL 
 GAELIC AND ASSOCIATION FOOT BALL^OFFI- 
 CIAL BASKET BALL.^OFFICIAL INDOOR BASE 
 BALL ^OFFICIAL POLO BALL ,^ OFFICIAL ATH- 
 LETIC IMPLEMENTS ^ OFFICIAL BOXING 
 GLOVES ^ OFFICIAL HOCKEY GOODS^^^^.^^ 
 
 lya dealer does not carry Spalding's athletic goods in 
 stocky send your ?iame and address to us {and his, tod) 
 for a c»py of our handsomely illustrated catalogue. 
 
 A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 
 
 NEW YORK 
 
 CHICAGO 
 
 DENVRR