I PR 3668 .R3 T3 J 1861 Copy 1 WW i k* m ■ m mf&v&yM mm 12i mmm a - S«J ajEo^n r\fvA r\r\r\, ftjftAn/ iiii>j^ *'i ^ j>2£ !±12s>-£.!£.<3 LIBRARY OF CONGRESS. Iff. »' UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. p cjr ^> <^> "J ^^"^OOEIDOOIlfll 0,/ *r ^ ^ ^ 8 A i Ar : - £ ^ ^ (^ £ '- - - - £ ^ ~ ^ 'Sffi dir rv.rs » « « m , »a®Q» swpfifft I^^fHwi^ \&N*fSfi&^^%M lA &SmmQ'' :, A'ftHA rv RAAf ^w*wfiw3 AAaA' !AOAWA>:M/?\f w NHO'TO SELECTED TALES OF THE GENII: REVISED, PURIFIED, AND IN PART RE-MODELLED. Sftombf (Ebztimr, vA- - y • EDITED BY E. WHATELY, D.D., ARCHBISHOP OF DUBLIN. LONDON: PAKKEK, SON, AND BOURN, WEST STRAND. MDCCCLXI. VR3U8 ■ffsTs LONDON : PRINTED BY GEORGE PHIPPS, WESTMINSTER. PREFACE TO THE FIEST EDITION. \ THE king, 9 it has been said, c who proposed a reward to him who should invent a new pleasure, would have deserved well of the world, if he had stipulated that it should be innocent.' In concurrence with this opinion, I have not thought it a useless object to purify and render fit for general use some of the stories written by the late Mr. Ridley, and published many years back under the name of ' Tales of the Genii.' These beautiful fictions have been puri- fied, and in many parts re-written 5 so that in their present form an admirable moral, — a religious moral, if I may use the expression, — is developed. The delight which young people of all ages feel in works of fiction, is, of course, a source of unmixed regret to those (and there are such) who consider the exercise of the imagination as purely productive of evil. And such persons, of course, studiously set themselves to repress it in those whom Providence has placed under their care. a 2 IV PREFACE. But as no one faculty appears to have been implanted in us for the purpose of being eradi- cated, it is a subject of fair, and certainly not of useless inquiry, how far we are permitted to re- press, or rather whether we are not bound to cultivate in early life, the imagination, and to supply it with wholesome food. That the exercise of this faculty was intended to convey gratification as well as benefit, and was in consequence designedly provided with suitable food, we can scarcely doubt. We find it recorded, that in the Garden of Eden God ' made to grow/ not only ' every tree that was good for food/ but 6 that was pleasant ' also ' to the sight f and that He pronounced it good, and put man into it ' to trim it and to dress it.' In truth we can scarcely look around us with- out remarking the express provision made for the enjoyment of this faculty in every form of nature, and noticing how few purely unpleasant forms exist. I am not aware of one indeed (unless it be that produced by the absence of light) which is not connected with pleasurable ideas; and darkness itself — the darkness of a serene night — in disclosing to us the heavenly bodies, feeds our imagination with the noblest and most delightful objects. PREFACE. V But admitting it as true that the imagination was given for our enjoyment, and is supplied with adequate objects, may we not (it has been said) safely leave it to these spontaneous sources of gratification, and rather occupy ourselves with repressing its growth, than seek to stimulate it with artificial means ? To which I would reply, that in the first place it is not so much the excess of the imaginative faculty, as its wrong direction, that we have to dread ; that in the second place, if we could repress this faculty, it would be at the expense of others ; since it is a powerful agent in the acquisition of every branch of knowledge, moral as well as intellectual ; and that though it has spontaneous sources of usefulness and enjoy- ment, yet it cannot safely be left to these in early life, since, like every other faculty, it may be exercised and pleasurably exercised on evil as well as on good objects ; and consequently that it rests with us to make it the medium of improve- ment as well as of enjoyment, or to leave it to run wild among low and unworthy objects. Since then it is by works of fiction that the youthful imagination is the most easily, and also the most pleasantly excited, it is to these that our attention should be very much directed in our attempts to benefit the rising generation. VI PREFACE. As a vehicle of instruction, even without an ob- trusive or formal moral, fiction may be made useful ; because moral judgment is exercised when- ever either a real or a probable case of conduct is placed before the mind ; and fiction, when made probable, thus multiplies and varies indefinitely the examples, of which real narratives and real life afford a limited supply. We have the highest authority indeed for such a use of fiction. He who best knew how to make his way to the understandings and hearts of men, adopted this mode of conveying instruction to his hearers. But admitting fiction as a vehicle, and a legiti- mate and useful vehicle of instruction, do not the advantages alluded to, apply to such tales alone as profess to imitate real life without the intro- duction of (what is called) machinery ? By no means : for moral action may be exhibited, and consequently moral judgment exercised and principles inculcated, even though the events them- selves be impossible. For in fact, most of the events and situations of real history, are to most part of the readers of them morally impossible. It is morally impossible for most private persons to become kings ; yet the example of kings may be made useful. So also the example of men PREFACE. Vll to women, and vice versa. What difference then is made by the introduction of the supernatural, which is equally impossible to all ? But is not the interest (and consequently both the pleasure and instruction thence derived) so much the less, when the events are supernatural, and consequently what could ^never happen, not merely to us, but at all ? Experience confirms the decision, that impossi- bilities may be made to appear probable, and to give more pleasure than possibilities which appear improbable. It is easy to admit a certain hypo- thesis ; and then to go on with a tale on that supposition ; for example, if there were fairies or genii of such and such powers, men would be likely to do so and so : and then all is well. On the other hand, if you abstain from the super- natural, but make a savage, or a young lady, act as would be very unlikely for them, though possible, and (for a civilised man, or for a woman of ex- perience) very likely, this revolts us as unnatural, and therefore spoils the utility of the fiction. A tale is in fact not the more or the less probable for having much, or little, or no machi- nery. All turns, first, on letting it be under- stood in the outset what the hypothesis is ; and secondly, on keeping strictly to it. Neither Vlll PREFACE. man, nor fairy, nor genie, must go beyond his tether. Tales have been censured as void of interest from having supernatural agency introduced at all, and also from having too much. Now though the censure is, in many instances, right, the ground of it is wrong. It is the supernatural agency's being introduced unexpectedly that de- stroys the interest ; because we do not see each event arise out of the preceding, but a magician comes in to cut the knot. The fault then is, not in its being out of the real course of nature, but out of the calculation and rules of the tale before us ; like the introducing of dice at chess, And this rule holds equally in tales which have in them nothing supernatural, e.g. releasing a cap- tive hero by an earthquake that splits the walls of his prison ; or destroying his enemies by lightning. The supernatural then may be made probable ; and is peculiarly amusing to the young. Perhaps too as being further removed from reality, it is the less liable to confuse their notions of actual life: which is the danger of fiction in general, and particularly of many of the modern tales. They present an unfaithful picture of the world which they profess to be closely imitating, and PREFACE. IX the false moral they often involve, is thus the less easily detected. The following extract from an article in the Quarterly Review (1821) is much to the present purpose : — 6 When all the characters and events are very far removed from what we see around us, — when, perhaps, even supernatural agents are introduced, the reader may indulge, indeed, in occasional day- dreams, but will be so little reminded of what he has been reading, by anything that occurs in actual life, that though he may perhaps feel some disrelish for the tameness of the scene before him, compared with the fairy-land he has been visiting, yet, at least, his judgment will not be depraved, nor his expectations misled ; he will not apprehend a meeting with Algerine banditti on English shores, nor regard the old woman who shows him about an antique country-seat, as either an enchantress, or the keeper of an im- prisoned damsel. But it is otherwise with those fictions which differ from common life in little or nothing but the improbability of the occurrences : the reader is insensibly led to calculate upon some of those lucky incidents and opportune co- incidences, of which he has been so much accus- tomed to read, and which, it is undeniable, may X PREFACE. take place in real life; and to feel a sort of confidence, that however romantic his conduct may be, and in whatever difficulties it may in- volve him, all will be sure to come right at last, as is invariably the case with the hero of a novel. ' On the other hand, so far as these pernicious effects fail to be produced, so far does the ex- ample lose its influence, and the exercise of poetical justice is rendered vain. The reward of virtuous conduct being brought about by for- tunate accidents, he who abstains (taught, per- haps, by bitter disappointments) from reckoning on such accidents, wants that encouragement to virtue, which alone has been held out to him. 6 If I were a man in a novel J we remember to have heard an ingenious friend observe, 'I should certainly act so and so 5 because I should be sure of being no loser by the most heroic self-devo- tion, and of ultimately succeeding in the most daring enterprises.' ' Perhaps, indeed, the supernatural fable is of the two not only the less mischievous in its moral effects, but also the more correct kind of composition in point of taste. The author lays down a kind of hypothesis of the existence of ghosts, witches, or fairies, and professes to de- PREFACE. XI scribe what would take place under that hypo- thesis. The novelist, on the contrary, makes no demand of extraordinary machinery, but professes to describe what may actually take place, according to the existing laws of human affairs. If he therefore present us with a series of events quite unlike any which ever do take place, we have reason to complain that he has not made good his professions.' That the trials and triumphs of virtue may be clearly and advantageously exhibited in con- nexion with that machinery so captivating to the youthful mind, the tales before us beautifully evince. But there is another and most important re- quisite in fiction — not only should the lessons unfolded be virtuous in their tendency, but pure in the ideas brought by them before the mind. I consider this of vital importance. The best moral becomes highly injurious when associated in a tale with what is bad. To poison the chan- nels by which pleasure and improvement are conveyed to the youthful mind, seems indeed a work suitable to the Evil One. Yet how en- tirely was this last requisite— which is essential to instructive fiction, viz. purity — neglected in the age happily past, by professed moral writers. Xll PREFACE. Making the largest allowances for grossness of taste, it is unaccountable. This poisonous taint infected the tales before us, injured them in the view of every person of pure taste, and excluded, or should have ex- cluded, them altogether from the juvenile library. The evil appeared at first sight difficult to re- medy ; but it is hoped that the purification has been accomplished, without injury in most in- stances, to the interest of the tale, and in some perhaps with improvement in point of unity and general interest. \ ADVERTISEMENT TO THE SECOND EDITION. rpHE selection of these Tales, and the needful purification of them, are the work of an author (now deceased) well-known to the public by several valuable publications, chiefly for the amusement and instruction of the young. The present edition has been carefully revised; but no considerable alteration has been made, beyond the correction of some verbal inaccuracies which had crept in. Palace, Dublin, 1860. CONTENTS. PAGE INTRODUCTION 1 THE TALISMAN OF OROMANES ; OR, THE HISTORY OF THE MERCHANT ABUDAH ... 5 HIS ADVENTURE IN THE VALLEY OF BOCCHDI . 9 SECOND ADVENTURE, IN THE GROVES OF SHA- DASKI 24 THIRD ADVENTURE, IN THE KINGDOM OE TASGI 34 FOURTH ADVENTURE, AMONG THE SAGES OF NEMA 41 KELAUN AND GUZZARAT 59 THE ENCHANTERS \ OR, MISNAR, THE SULTAN OF INDIA 91 THE HISTORY OF MAHOUD I I 5 CONTINUATION OF THE TALE OF THE EN- CHANTERS jAA THE HISTORY OF THE PRINCESS OF CASSIMIR, AND THE CONCLUSION OF THE ADVENTURES OF MISNAR 213 SADAK AND KALASRADE 246 THE TALES OF THE GENII. INTRODUCTION. PATNA and Coulor, the children of Giualar, the Iman of Terki, were the pride of their parents, and the wonder of the inhabitants of Mazanderan. Their aged father took them daily into a grove of oranges and citrons which surrounded a fountain in his garden, and seating them under the shadow of those fragrant trees, beside the pure basin, after he had first dipped them in its waters to wash away the bad impressions of the world, he thus began his instructive lesson : — ' Hearken, ye tender branches, to your parent stock : bend to the lessons of instruction, and imbibe the maxims of age and